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Video Industry News Video Company News Technology Industry News Technology Company News Novelty Industry News Novelty Company News Gay Industry News Gay Company News Legal Industry News All Company News
Released: Dec 27th, 2007
Running Time: 126 Min.
Director: Dawayne Dane
Company: Black Ice
Cast: Sinnamon Love, Ethan Hunt, Candice Nicole, Rico Strong, CinnaBunz, Aleera Flair, Rock (II)
Critical Rating: AAA
Genre: All-Sex
Black women with big butts getting fucked by black men. Standard stuff, no interviews or chat, just some tease and then the sex. The veteran Cinnabunz still turns in a good scene. Blonde, petite Penna has a pretty face and a sassy attitude; she loves Rico's long, thick dick. Cute, young Aleera Flair sucks a good cock, as Rock would surely testify.
Sinnamon Love is just as adorable today as she was when she entered porn nearly 10 years ago. Still does good anal, too. Prettiest of the lot is Candice Nicole, a fresh newcomer. She yells a lot when she's getting pounded in a short, but sweet, scene.
Retailing: For Sinnamon Love fans. Standard, satisfying action.


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If you use comments, but you don't like the default heading, change it. The thing to remember is this: Office uses the setting in all of its applications. In other words, don't make the change I'm about to show you in any Office application if you depend on this setting in another application.
At first, this option seems trivial. If you can't use it without affecting other applications, what good is it? Here's the good news. You can change this setting temporarily and insert comments that require a different heading. When you're done, reset the setting. Each comment will store the header text used when you created the comment. That means you can use this feature to customize all you comments, if you want to go to the trouble of changing and resetting every time. Your needs will dictate this simple technique's worth.Excel comments
By default, Excel stores the user name value in comments. If that's not adequate, you can change it as follows:
- From the Tools menu, choose Options.
- Click the General tab.
- Change the User Name setting.
- Click OK. The next time you insert a comment, the heading text will reflect your change.
By default, Word displays initials. You can change this setting as follows:
- From the Tools menu, choose Options.
Similarly to Excel, Word will save a custom header with the comment. Word does limit this setting to just nine characters.PowerPoint comments
PowerPoint displays both the user name and initials, which adds a bit of flexibility. You'll find this setting also on the General tab:
- From the Tools menu, choose Options.
- Click the General tab.
- Change the Name and/or Initials setting.
- Click OK.
If you're using Office 2007, you'll find this option in the same place in all three applications:
- Click the Office button.
- Click the app Options button.
- Choose Popular in the left pane.
- Update the option in the Personalize Your Copy Of Microsoft Office section.
- Click OK.
Full Bio
Susan Sales Harkins is an IT consultant, specializing in desktop solutions. Previously, she was editor in chief for The Cobb Group, the world's largest publisher of technical journals.

subset: commoncrawl


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4 Bed Bungalow 103 m² / 1109 ft² For Sale €149,000Sitting high and dry and very well presented , this cottage style home on approximately 0.3952 acres is very well located on the outskirts/ west side of the town at Summerhill , only minutes' drive from all amenities. This home has an elevated south west facing sunny garden a detached garage and good off street car parking. VIEWING ARRANGED THROUGH SHERRY FITZGERALD O MEARA TEL 090 64 75500View Details
6 Bed Bungalow 293.8 m² / 3162 ft² For Sale €345,000Exceptional six bedroom detached dormer style property with over 3000 sq ft of accommodation on two levels. Located in a popular residential suburb close to Athlone Town Centre. All modern conveniences have been applied to this wonderful home. This fine home sits on an elevated site with pleasant views overlooking the countryside. To the rear are three detached garages with lighting and secure doors to eac...View Details
6 Bed Detached House 500 m² / 5382 ft² For Sale €135,000The subject property consists of a large split level dormer bungalow residence constructed over three floors and with approximately 500m2 / 5,300sq.ft in total on a site measuring circa 0.6 acres. This property was designed to utilise the split level nature of the site with a basement underneath the ground floor which encompasses the full area of the house. This is the perfect opportunity for someone to acqu...View Details
4 Bed Detached House 230 m² / 2476 ft² For Sale €275,000SECTION 23 INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITY 95% relief Stunning large architect designed four bedroom two storey detached property in a secure gated development and suburban setting beside the river Inny on the outskirts of Ballymahon. This superb property was built as a showhouse and is fitted out to a very high standard with marble floors and superior fittings. It measures 2200 sq. ft. and is set in a very nicely l...View Details
4 Bed Detached House 118.2 m² / 1272 ft² For Sale €375,000An impressive property nestled on its own grounds (one quarter of an acre approximately) perfectly sited in a most sought after cul de sac residential location. The main residence has accommodation boasting 4 fine bedrooms ( one ensuite) main bathroom , a large front lounge, a living room and a kitchen dining room. A sunny aspect all around the home and garden with a spilt level design to two garages ( ideal f...View Details
4 Bed Detached House 119.6 m² / 1287 ft² For Sale €250,000Imposing two storey home measuring, presented in 'walk in' condition and measuring 119.6 sq. m / 1287 sq. ft. approximately. Located in a prime cul de sac location at Coosan, in a popular residential development. Constructed to the highest standard with a private sunny rear garden and with extra off street car parking to the front due to its end site location. Montessori / Childcare Centre, Coosan Church a...View Details
2 Bed Apartment 96.8 m² / 1042 ft² For Sale €275,000Town centre location and adjacent to the Radisson Blu Hotel this fine apartment / home offers large bright south west facing lounge, kitchen/dining, 2 double bedrooms , main bath and ensuite . Located on an upper floor and measuring approximately 1033sq.ft / 96.1m2. The main feature is the panoramic views of the River Shannon as it faces south, west and north giving this property one of the best watersid...View Details
7 Bed Detached House 230 m² / 2476 ft² For Sale €295,000A unique opportunity to acquire a fine residence proudly sitting on an elevated site of carefully tended landscaped gardens and overlooking sprawling countryside with River Shannon views . Boasting over 2400 sq. ft. of accommodation and giving an option of a business from home with ensuite bedrooms and ample dining living areas. The exterior has a sweeping driveway to front and a large sunny patio area to rear...View Details
3 Bed Bungalow 96.3 m² / 1037 ft² For Sale €199,000Very well presented and located in much sought after residential area minutes' walk to town . Boasting three bedrooms, two reception and a detached garage. Off street car parking to front /side and sunny rear and side garden. Easy access to all amenities and M6 motorway VIEWING BY APPOINTMENT through agent SHERRY FITZGERALD O MEARAView Details
3 Bed Bungalow 180.5 m² / 1943 ft² For Sale €149,000Deceptively spacious home with a split level aspect to rear offering excellent space throughout. Living accommodation extends to 1500 sq. ft. (141 sq. m) approximately with a further 400 sq. ft. (38 sq. m) of top floor attic storage and a garage is attached to end of house A sunny rear patio and garden offer all the ingredients for family living. Located on the west side and minutes' walk from the 'town...View Details
You have searched for a property for sale in Ireland. MyHome.ie have a great choice of properties for sale in Ireland. We have similar properties for sale in nearby areas to Ireland. We recommend looking for . Widen your property search and view all properties for sale in Ireland or filter to see only houses in Ireland for sale or Ireland apartments for sale. As well as Ireland property for sale MyHome.ie have properties in Ireland to rent including houses, flats, shared accommodation and rooms to let


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|Reviews for Mirrors Multiplied, Revised Version
| Ranshin chapter 1 . 2/12/2003
Ran: Cool...re-writes always seem to be a little better.
Shin: Are you gonna rewrite EVERY single chapter? That's a lot of wark pal. Good luck, you'll need it. I think.
Ran: MM rocks, always has and always will. But, are you gonna lessen on the humor? You changed the genre a bit.
| Griever chapter 1 . 2/12/2003
Nicely done, vey nicely done. The first part of
Mirrors Multiplied has always been my favorite
of the series, and the rewrite improves upon it
quite well.
Things are definitely looking up.
| GeneticKnight chapter 1 . 2/12/2003
:) i like it , the added persons ( red head girl and the sister ) bring another depth to this already fine story.
*stands in a rediculous pose and shouts*
"will the red head turn out to be cursed ranma ? will kuno have his revenge ? AAARH I MUST NOW THIS ..."
*gets a stinky shoe thrown at his head, the next door neighbour yells *
"Do you mind , its 3 fucking 30 in the morning !"
"ahum , well i will stay silent then and just await the next chapter :) "
| Nightgazer333 chapter 1 . 2/12/2003
In the words of the great Ash Williams 'Groovy.'.


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Sensex maintains early gains; stays above 18,850
Mumbai: The BSE benchmark Sensex recovered by over 150 points in mid-session trade Tuesday, led by gains in healthcare, capital goods and metals stocks, on fresh buying by funds and retailers after two sessions of losses on profit-booking.
The 30-share barometer, which has lost nearly 350 points in the past two sessions, rose by 150.80 points, or 0.81 percent, to 18,859.78.
All the sectoral indices, led by healthcare and capital goods, were trading in positive territory with gains of up to 1.34 percent.
Similarly, the wide-based National Stock Exchange index Nifty moved up by 48.80 points, or 0.86 percent, to 5,724.80.
Brokers said fresh round of buying by major players largely in heavy-weight stocks with the corporate earnings season approaching, helped trading sentiments to improve.
Meanwhile, in Asian region, Hong Kong's Hang Seng index rose 1.16 percent, while Japan's Nikkei shed 0.49 percent.
The US Dow Jones Industrial Average ended 0.19 percent lower in yesterday's trade.
Infosys co-founder launches app chronicling Indian IT journey
Honda all set to challenge Creta, Duster with upcoming BR-V
Guidelines for applying for Permanent Account Number (PAN) online
Liberalisation had negative impact on Indian economy: Prakash Karat
ED's charges against Vijay Mallya shocking, says UB Group


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Muskego - The Muskego-Norway School District will receive more state aid, meaning fewer property tax dollars from homeowners compared to last year, said Scot Ecker, director of business services.
More state aid contributed to the second year in a row of a lower school property tax levy, Ecker said.
The district annual meeting will be held at 7 p.m. Monday in the Performing Arts Center at Muskego High School, S8750 Racine Ave., where residents will vote on the proposed levy for the 2012-13 school year. The proposed levy is $32,741,926, which is $386,144 or 1.17 percent less than the levy for the 2011-12 school year.
This is the second year in a row that both spending and the levy have gone down, Ecker said. The last time that happened in two consecutive years was in 1995 and 1996.
Not only that, school property taxes on an average home would be $213 less than they were at the peak taxing year of 2004, Ecker said.
The proposed levy would support a proposed budget of $60,839,119 for this year, which is about $651,000, or 1 percent less, than last year. The general fund, considered the operating budget, is proposed at $1.1 million, or 2.1 percent more. The proposed total is $52,941,411.
The proposed budget calls for no program cuts, Ecker said. There is money for raises, but those still must be negotiated with employee unions, he added.
Half the additional state aid of $449,575 will be used to lower property taxes and half will be used to help rehabilitate the district's aging schools, he said.
Ecker attributed the higher aid to the district's addition of a kindergarten for 4-year-olds and changes in health insurance.
He said he believes that none of the school districts on Muskego-Norway's borders received more state aid this year.
- Jane Ford-Stewart
More from News and Features
- Muskego gets a $500,000 state grant for Parkland Mall redevelopment (1)
- Time lapse: A tour of Big Muskego Lake shows hope, beauty reign in giant wetland
- Muskego Police blotter: July 21
- Inclusive playground, dumping prairie part of Muskego parks review
- Muskego child enticement hearing for former West Bend official delayed
- Questions must be answered before Muskego Youth Football can use park
- Muskego soccer parents, Kurth Park neighbors might be on same side
- Dog park idea takes step backward in Muskego
- Local lake districts, statewide programs persist in battle against invasive species
- Pickleball tickles Muskego seniors who flock to new courts


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I have these ingredients and I have no clue if I should put them together or use separately or just put a couple of them together.
With the following things my DH bought yesterday for me, can you shed some light on my next step?
I thought I would get some more potting soil and add to some of these so it won't be so potent. Here are the things he got:
I have decided to go the organic way this year and need your help! Yesterday evening my DH took me to
the local feed & seed store and bought me the following....lol
1.cow manure
2.worm castings
3.agricultural lime stone
4.and last but not least mushroom compost
I thought I was going to concoct a recipe from these things I've bought but I am clueless on how
what and with? lol help?
Wanted: Help??? Organic Fertizer recipes
I have these ingredients and I have no clue if I should put them together or use separately or just put a couple of them together.
It depends a bit on what you are trying to do .. are you trying to amend an existing flower bed, creating potting soil for large outdoor planters, or preparre a seed starting mixture ?
Cow manure is a good source of fertilizer but best if composted. if not composted, then it should be used sparingly. a thin layer worked into the top 1-2" of soil is recommended.
worm castings are also a good source of fertilizer. again use relatively sparingly. best for heavy feeders which also require good water retention
lime stone is only required if you are trying to raise pH of your soil. What is your soil pH and which plants are you planning ?
overliming can lead to more problems than no liming at all
mushroom compost is a good soil amendment, but it usually contain high salts. Should be used sparingly and plants which are not salt sensitive.
Offhand, you can mix cow manure, worm castings and a bit (not too much) mushroom compost into your regular garden soil (blend it) or into potting soil to create potting mixes. use about 20% combined of above (say 5% manure/10% worm castings/5 mushroom%) by volume and mix it with the existing soil thoroughly. If mixing potting soil make sure that the potting soil you are buying does not contain fertilizer already (a lot of them do).
I think the first step is determining what you are trying to do ?
Well, first thank you for the great advice! I'll be using it for my tomatoe plants and also for my potted plants. I need to add some soil to some of my pots or just repot altogether which is probably what I'll do I think. The potting soil I plan to get to mix all this up with to tone it down somewhat will not contain any fertilizer.
This is awesome advice thank you so much!!!
Post a Reply to this Thread
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BIG RAPIDS (AP) — An anti-war protester accused of hitting Senate Armed Services Committee Chairman Carl Levin in the face with an apple pie during a constituent meeting in northern Michigan is jailed on a $250,000 bond. Twenty-two-year-old Ahlam M. ...Read More »
Conyers going to jail
DETROIT (AP) — The wife of U.S. Rep. John Conyers has less than 30 days of freedom before beginning a 37-month federal sentence for taking a bribe as a Detroit City Council member. Judge Avern Cohn on Tuesday denied bond ...
Tagged with: Judge Avern L. CohnRead More »
High Noon at Arts Beats & Eats
The standoff between the Royal Oak city council, Arts, Beats & Eats organizers and Michigan Open Carry is over, and the gun enthusiasts won. On Monday, the Royal Oak city council voted 4-3 to allow people attending the annual festival ...Read More »
New Detroit crime lab proposed
There's a general consensus that a new state-run crime lab in Detroit is needed to help the state's other labs that were swamped with cases when the infamously inadequate Detroit police crime lab closed in 2008. Now, a proposal to ...Read More »
EEOC cracking down on employment screening methods
WASHINGTON (AP) — Companies using criminal records or bad credit reports to screen out job applicants might run afoul of anti-discrimination laws as the government steps up scrutiny of hiring policies that could hurt blacks and Hispanics. A blanket refusal ...Read More »
In their opinions
"To now raise, as a last ditch argument, unsubstantiated and generalized notions of racial animosity into an otherwise unremarkable trial is both improper and unwarranted, and hopefully will not be presented to this Court again." – Michigan Court of Appeals ...Read More »
$500,000 Lanham Act verdict sent back to trial
Back in May, we reported on a lawsuit where Phoenix-based Global Fine Art Registry (FAR) was awarded $500,000 after Park West Galleries, Inc. was accused of violating the Lanham Act in setting up a Internet smear campaign against FAR ("Don't ...Read More »
Casual Friday presents: Too Sexy II, Criminal Edition
Remember the New York woman who said she was fired from her job for being too sexy? In Italy, being too sexy is a crime! A 26-year old Italian woman is being investigated for "sensuously" rubbing tanning oil on her ...Read More »
This again?
The Detroit Free Press is reporting there's trouble. Right here in Detroit City. With a capital T, that rhymes with P, and that stands for phones. The ones that were used to send sexy text messages, but this time, not ...Read More »
Enough, already
It's never pretty when dirty linen is aired in public. And it's even more unseemly when being done by Michigan Supreme Court justices in concurring and dissenting opinions. And it's time for that to stop. Thanks to an extraordinary amount ...Read More »


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Police seek information regarding grave marker
Published: Tuesday, March 29, 2011 at 3:30 a.m.
Last Modified: Monday, March 28, 2011 at 11:18 p.m.
Tuscaloosa Police are trying to solve the mystery of a grave marker that was found at Liberty Recycling.
The grave marker is for James Lewis Edmonds, who was born in 1924 and died in 1981. The marker says he served in the U.S. Army during World War II.
Anyone who recognizes the marker, knows anyone in Edmonds' family or knows what cemetery the marker could have been removed from is asked to call TPD Investigator W. Elmore at 205-248-4520.
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.
Local display advertising by PaperG


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Step son has a 98 toyota celica st with over 150000 on it. Just a old beater car that is paid for.
It has started to die when applying the brakes when stopping now and you you wants to die when you apply gas to start moving again. Engine will run fine when it is in park just idling.
Figured I would try to tune it up. Where would be the best place to find lititure to tune up this model and any suggestions on the the problem?
Friday, March 31st, 2006 AT 8:23 PM


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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Apr 18, 1995
|Filing date
|Mar 23, 1993
|Priority date
|Dec 1, 1989
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Seetharama C. Deevi, Mohammad R. Hajaligol
|Original Assignee
|Philip Morris Incorporated
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (51), Referenced by (105), Classifications (8), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 803,174, filed Dec. 5, 1991, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,224,498, which itself is a continuation of application Ser. No. 444,569, filed Dec. 1, 1989, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,093,894.
The present invention relates to resistive heaters, and particularly to heaters for use in smoking articles in which a tobacco flavor-generating medium is heated to release tobacco flavors.
Previously known smoking articles deliver flavor and aroma to the smoker as a result of tobacco combustion. During combustion, which typically occurs at temperatures in excess of 800� C., various distillation and pyrolysis products are produced. As these products are drawn through the body of the smoking article toward the mouth of the smoker, they cool and condense to form an aerosol or vapor which provides the flavor and aroma associated with smoking.
Such conventional smoking articles have various perceived drawbacks associated with them, such as the production of sidestream smoke. Additionally, the combustion process cannot be easily suspended by the smoker in order to allow storage of the smoking article for later consumption. Although a conventional smoking article, such as a cigarette, may be extinguished prior to its being smoked to completion, it is typically not convenient or practical to save the cigarette for later use.
Alternative smoking articles are known where a flavor-generating medium of tobacco or a tobacco-derivative may be heated, without combustion, thereby releasing tobacco flavors without producing smoke. Smoking articles that provide a flavor aerosol without tobacco combustion are described in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 5,146,934, and commonly assigned U.S. patent applications Ser. No. 07/443,636, filed Nov. 29, 1989 (Case PM-1389), and Ser. No. 07/732,619, filed Jul. 19, 1991 (PM-1353). Smoking articles may also use electrically-powered heaters to heat the tobacco flavor-generating medium. This generally requires that the tobacco medium be heated to a temperature of at least 300� C., preferably within a period of 2.0 seconds and more desirably to a temperature above 500� C. in less than 1 second.
Resistive heating elements for electric heaters may be constructed from ceramics. However, conventional ceramic heaters typically require a period of minutes to heat up. Further, a smoker of an electrically-powered smoking article should be able to either energize or shut off the article on demand. For use in electrically-powered smoking article, a resistive heater should also be small, and operate on low voltage batteries.
It would therefore be desirable to be able to provide a resistive heater for use in an electrically-powered smoking article.
It would also be desirable to be able to provide a low-voltage battery-powered ceramic heater that produces temperatures sufficiently high to release tobacco flavors from tobacco on a tobacco derivative.
It would further be desirable to be able to provide a ceramic heater that has a plurality of discrete resistive heating elements that may be individually energized.
It would still further be desirable to be able to provide a heater having ceramic heating elements that may be energized rapidly.
It would yet further be desirable to be able to provide a process for fabricating such a heater.
It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a resistive heater for use in an electrically-powered smoking article.
It is also an object of this invention to provide a low-voltage battery-powered ceramic heater that produces temperatures sufficiently high to release tobacco flavors from tobacco or a tobacco derivative.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a ceramic heater that has a plurality of discrete resistive heating elements that may be individually energized.
It is a still further object of this invention to provide a heater having ceramic heating elements that may be energized rapidly.
It is a yet further object of this invention to provide a process for fabricating such a heater.
This invention provides a resistive heater for use in an electrically-powered smoking article. Such a smoking article is preferably provided with a heater having a plurality of resistive heating elements that may be individually energized by a low-voltage battery. Tobacco or a tobacco derivative is placed in contact with the heating elements so that when they are energized a flavored aerosol or vapor is produced that may be inhaled by a smoker. The tobacco flavor-generating medium may be sprayed onto the heating elements and subsequently dried before use. After the tobacco flavor-generating medium in contact with the heating elements has been consumed, a new set of heating elements is used.
The electrically-powered smoking article is intended to be held by a smoker in the lips and therefore is relatively lightweight, compact and portable. Further, when desired by a smoker, one of the heating elements may be selectively energized thus delivering a predetermined quantity of tobacco flavored vapor. The smoking article may be configured so that power is switched between individual heating elements directly by the smoker or triggered by control circuitry. An advantage of electrically-powered smoking articles is that they may be stored after being partially consumed. At a later time, smoking may be resumed. Further, such non-burning smoking articles give the smoker the sensation and flavor of smoking without actually creating some of the smoke components associated with combustion. This may allow the smokers of non-burning articles to enjoy their use in areas where conventional smoking is discouraged.
In accordance with this invention, a plurality of resistive heating elements are formed on a flat ceramic substrate. Conductive leads, which receive power from a battery, are used to interconnect the resistive elements. The resistive heating elements that are provided in accordance with the invention are sufficiently lightweight and compact that they may be placed within the body of a smoking article that is no larger than a conventional cigarette. The resistance of each element is low enough that it may be driven by a readily available low voltage battery while still providing a temperature sufficiently high to produce a flavored aerosol from a tobacco flavor-generating medium. Further, the heaters of the present invention are amenable to batch processing and may therefore be produced inexpensively.
In accordance with the invention a printed heater is provided that has a ceramic substrate and at least one resistive heating element disposed on the substrate. A plurality of conductive elements are used to interconnect the resistive heating elements with a power supply so that when sufficient current flows through a resistive heating element a temperature rise is produced in the resistive heating element in the range of 300� C. to 900� C.
The above and other objects and advantages of this invention will be apparent on consideration of the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters refer to like parts throughout and in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an illustrative embodiment of a resistive heater constructed in accordance with the invention;
FIG. 2 is a view of the heater of FIG. 1 mounted in a socket;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of another illustrative embodiment of a heater constructed in accordance with the invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an illustrative embodiment of a heater constructed in accordance with the invention that has heating elements on both surface of the substrate;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an illustrative embodiment of a heater constructed in accordance with the invention that is similar to the heater in FIG. 1, but with heating elements on both substrate surfaces;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an illustrative embodiment of a heater constructed in accordance with the invention that uses a circular layout for the heating elements;
FIG. 7 is a view of the heater of FIG. 6 mounted in a socket;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of another illustrative embodiment of a circular-layout heater constructed in accordance with the invention;
FIG. 9 is a view showing the heater of FIG. 8 mounted in a socket;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an additional illustrative embodiment of a heater constructed in accordance with the invention that has the heating elements arrayed parallel to the longer axis of a rectangular substrate;
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a further illustrative embodiment of a heater constructed in accordance with the invention where slots have been formed in the substrate between the heating elements;
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of an illustrative embodiment of a heater constructed in accordance with the invention where the heating elements are connected by a common substrate at only one end and are separated by slots formed in the substrate;
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of an illustrative embodiment of a heater, where two heaters similar to the one shown in FIG. 11 are mounted back-to-back on a spacer;
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of an illustrative heater similar to the one shown in FIG. 6 where slots have been formed in the substrate between the heating elements.
FIG. 15 is a plot of an illustrative furnace temperature cycle for firing the heaters in accordance with the invention;
FIG. 16 is a plot showing the temperature attained by an illustrative heater versus time according to the invention; the heater was powered from printed heating elements that were formed on a solid fired ceramic substrate from Kyocera Corporation;
FIG. 17 is a plot showing the temperature attained versus time by an illustrative heater according to the invention; the heater was formed from printed heating elements that were formed on a fired ceramic substrate having slots between the elements from Kyocera Corporation; and
FIG. 18 is a plot showing the temperature attained versus time for an illustrative heating element according to the invention and the resulting rise in temperature in adjacent heating elements; the printed ceramic heating elements were formed on a ceramic having slots between the elements from DuPont Corporation.
Referring to FIGS. 1-14, which show illustrative embodiments of the heater in accordance with the present invention, the heater has ceramic substrate 1 and resistive heating elements 2. In this embodiment, substrate 1 provides physical support for resistive heating elements 2. The ceramic substrate 1, while being rigid enough to physically support the resistive heating elements 2, can also be made flexible enough to facilitate easy handling and resist fracture during the manufacturing process. Ceramic substrate 1 is thermally stable at elevated temperatures and will not deform or become chemically reactive at the temperatures that are encountered when resistive heating element 2 is active.
Each of the heating segments may be switchably connected to a power source in a manner which would allow current from the power source to be directed through a given resistive heating element 2 to heat it. This switching of power to a particular segment could be directly controlled by the smoker or triggered by control circuitry. The interconnections between resistive elements 2 and an electrical power source and the control circuitry may be made by conventional wires attached to each of the segments or by using wiring embedded in socket 6. In either case, contact is made to conductor bus bar 4 and contacts 3. If it is desired to reduce the contact resistance between contacts 3 and the wires or the conductive elements of socket 6, metal coating 5, which is a thin film (.sup.˜ 200 Å) of a relatively inert metal such as gold, may be deposited onto the surface of contacts 12 by, for instance, sputter coating, evaporation, electroplating or other conventional techniques. The resistivity of an individual resistive heating element 2 must be such that when current flows through the segment a temperature sufficient to induce the tobacco flavor-generating medium to produce an aerosol or vapor is achieved. Typically this temperature is between about 100� C. and 600� C., preferably between 250�-500� C. and most preferably between about 350�-450� C. The resistivity cannot be so high as to be incompatible with available batteries, nor can it be so low that the power consumption requirement of the segment exceeds the capacity of the source. Typically, resistive heating elements 2 having resistances between 0.2 and 5.0 Ω preferably between 0.5 and 1.5 Ω and most preferably between 0.8 and 1.2 Ω, can achieve such operating temperatures when connected across a potential of between 2.4 and 9.6 volts.
Throughout their range of operating temperatures, resistive heating elements 2 must be chemically non-reactive with the tobacco flavor-generating medium being heated, so as not to adversely affect the flavor or content of the aerosol or vapor produced by the tobacco flavor-generating medium.
In a smoking article in which a flavor dot of tobacco or tobacco-derived material is heated without combustion of the tobacco or tobacco-derived material to release tobacco flavors, the flavor dot must be heated to a temperature of at least 300� C. and more preferably in the range of 500�-600� C. A heater for such a smoking article should be able to reach a peak temperature, within 0.5 to 2.0 seconds, and more preferably within 1 second. Because a smoker expects multiple releases of tobacco flavor each heater includes a plurality of resistive heating elements 2, only one of which is energized at a time. The size and power requirements of the heater are dictated by the size of the smoking article, because the heater and its power source must fit within the smoking article.
In general, each resistive heating element 2 should provide a uniform temperature distribution across its surface with only minimal thermal gradients. Similarly, each resistive heating element 2 should provide a uniform voltage drop and current flow between its power contacts. Each resistive heating element 2 should be thermally isolated by substrate 1 from other resistive heating elements 2. The heater should be designed to minimize heat loss to substrate 1, which acts as a thermal sink, by employing a high electrical resistance, low thermal conductivity material for substrate 1. Contacts 3 at which power is supplied to the heater should have significantly lower resistances than the heating elements, so that contacts 3 do not heat needlessly.
Substrate 1 acts as a base member to hold a plurality of resistive heating elements 2, conductive interconnections, and the contact terminals through which power is supplied to each of heating elements 2. Substrate 1 should be strong, thermally stable, and electrically insulating. A ceramic substrate material provides strength as well as excellent thermal and electrical insulation for the discrete resistive heating elements 2. Typical examples of suitable ceramic substrates are alumina, zirconia (partially or fully stabilized either with yttria, calcia or magnesia), magnesia, yttria, corderite, mullite, forsterite, or steatite.
Ceramics have advantage over other substrate materials such as metals and polymers. For instance, metallic substrates generally must be both thermally and electrically insulated from the heating zones, because the high thermal conductivity of metals absorbs the heat generated by a heating element too rapidly during energization. Most metallic substrates also require electrical insulation because of their electrical conductivity. In contrast, most polymeric films are dielectrics requiring little electrical insulation. However, polymeric films require thermal insulation because they lack thermal stability above approximately 350� C.
Ceramic substrates are available in the form of fired ceramic sheets or green tape. The resistive and conductive elements can be printed directly onto a fired ceramic sheet substrate, with no additional processing steps required to strengthen the substrate. Fired ceramic sheets comprising 96% Al2 O3 are available from Kyocera Corporation, at 5-22 Kitainoue-cho, Higashino, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 67, Japan. Green tapes are available from DuPont Corporation of Wilmington, Delaware. The properties of Kyocera sheets and DuPont green tape that are 10 mils thick are shown below.
______________________________________ Thermal Heat Density Conductivity CapacityType (g-cm-3) (W-m-1 K-1) (Cal-g-1 K-1)______________________________________Kyocera 3.80 21.0 0.19DuPont 3.08 2.0 0.21______________________________________
Green tapes may be used for the continuous manufacturing of a large number of heaters simultaneously, and are available in rolls. The substrate is preferably sintered before the resistive and conductive elements are formed. Ceramic substrates that may be sintered at low temperatures are preferred, because low temperature sintering reduces energy consumption. Acceptable substrates include specialty alumina tapes such as 851A2 tape manufactured by DuPont Corporation of Wilmington, Del., which is cast on a mylar backing. This borosilicate tape contains between 10-30% Al2 O3 with the remaining portion comprising compounds of Al, B, Ca, Mg, K, Na, SiO2, and Pb and requires a sintering temperature of about 850� C. In contrast, alumina tapes manufactured by Ceramtec Corporation of Salt Lake City, Utah at 90% and 96% loadings require sintering temperatures in the range of 1400� to 1700� C., typically around 1550� C.
For a pure ceramic substrate, sintering is generally carried out in an oxygen rich environment. However, if heating elements are printed on the green tape prior to sintering, an atmosphere that is overly rich in oxygen could oxidize the elements excessively. In the case of alumina, sintering can be carried out either in an oxygen rich atmosphere or in a hydrogen atmosphere. For green tape, firing is preferably carried out in a 1:2 mixture of air and nitrogen. Some oxygen is required to ensure complete combustion of carbonaceous compounds, although this is primarily of importance with respect to conductive pastes, since the incomplete burning of these compounds might result in an excessive resistivity. Excessive oxidation may also cause the resistivity of a conductive paste to become too high during sintering.
The thermal conductivity of the substrate should be tailored to match that of resistive heating elements 2 to prevent the elements from peeling off of substrate 1 during use due to a mismatch in thermal expansion coefficients. Alumina is a preferred substrate material, because its thermal conductivity and strength can be varied by adjusting the alumina loading in the green tape. The thermal conductivity of alumina in the temperature range 20� C. to 400� C. is shown below.
______________________________________ Conductivity (W/cm2)Temperature, �C. 99.9% 96% 90% 85%______________________________________ 20 0.39 0.24 0.16 0.14100 0.28 0.19 0.13 0.12400 0.13 0.10 0.08 0.06______________________________________
The thermal conductivities of mullite and corderite are similar to alumina whereas the thermal conductivity of zirconia is lower. In contrast, ceramic materials like Si3 N4, SiC, TiC, TaC, and TiB2, exhibit higher thermal conductivities than alumina.
Thermal stability of the substrate is an important consideration. The vapor pressure of the substrate material should be very low at temperatures of up to 900� C. Although the heater is designed to operate below about 600� to 700� C., momentarily higher temperatures during energization of the heater should not result in oxidation of resistive heating elements 2 (including oxidation due to dielectric breakdown). Oxidation which would increase the vapor pressure of the substrate, can be expected from carbides and nitrides of Ti, Mo, Si, and possibly zirconium.
A preferred embodiment according to the invention includes an alumina substrate having a thickness of about 1 mil (25 μm) and generally not greater than 10 mils (250 μm). Substrates thinner than 5 mils (125 μm) tend to be too fragile. A substrate thickness greater than 30 mils (750 μm) is not necessary and may occupy too much space or may not be sufficiently flexible to avoid cracking during the manufacturing process.
As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, substrate 1 may be provided with slots between adjoining heating elements 2 and heating elements 10, 11, 12, and 13 to increase thermal isolation between each of the heating elements. The presence of slots further reduces thermal conduction away from the heating elements, so that for a given applied current, the maximum temperature that is attained by an element is increased. The configuration shown in FIG. 12, in which the slots in substrate 1 extend completely through one end of substrate 1, allows the resistive heating element to which power is being applied to expand freely. Since the heating elements that are not being powered remain in an unexpanded state, stresses may develop in the absence of this feature when powering only one of the heating elements.
As shown in FIG. 13, it is also possible to mount two sets of heating elements back-to-back on spacer 7, which may be formed from the same material as substrate 1. As shown in FIG. 14, a circularly shaped heater may also be provided with openings 8. In the circular heater configuration, openings 8 allow the free passage of the tobacco flavored aerosol through the body of the smoking article in addition to providing thermal isolation between the heating elements 2.
Slots may be formed in green tape substrates by cutting with a blade prior to sintering. After cutting the slots in green tape, the tape may be sintered in a belt furnace that provides a temperature profile such as shown in FIG. 15. Slots may be formed in fired ceramic sheet substrates by using a CO2 laser.
The heater should operate with low voltage batteries and generate heat through resistive heating to a maximum temperature in the range of 400� to 650� C. within a span of 2 seconds. The power needed to raise the temperature of the heater to its peak should be in the range of 10 to 20 watts. The power requirements of the heater determine the number of heating elements that a fully charged set of batteries set can energize. In a preferred embodiment, the batteries supply approximately 10 watts operating at 5 volts. Therefore, the desired resistance of a heater operating under the power constraint set by the batteries can be determined as follows: ##EQU1## From the above equations it can be seen that a 30% reduction in voltage reduces the power that a 2.5 Ω resistance draws by 50% to 5 W. For a resistance of 1.2 Ω, a voltage of 3.46 V suffices to produce the desired power of 10 W. The example above demonstrates that the electrical resistance of resistive heating elements 2 must not change significantly during heating.
Conventional resistive heater materials such as graphite, Ni--Cr alloys, metallic strips, MoSi2, ZrO2, and lanthanum chromate are generally not suitable because their low electrical resistivities may require excessive power to reach a temperature of 600� C. Acceptable heater materials include metallic or organometallic inks. A typical resistive ink comprises 10-30% Ag, 30-60% Pd, and 10-30% compounds of Al, B, Ca, Mg, Zn, Ba, SiO2, and TiO2. A typical conductive ink comprises greater than 60% Ag, 0.1-1% Pt and compounds of Al, B, Bi, Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, Na, SiO2, Pb and Ru. A preferred embodiment uses 7125D ink available from DuPont Electronics, Wilmington, Del. Other acceptable inks are available from Electro-Scientific Industries, Mount Laurel, N.J.
Resistive heating elements 2 generally have a thickness in the range of 0.2 mil (5 μm) to 5 mil (125 μm), widths in the range of 1.0 mm to 2.0 mm, and lengths in the range of 10 mm to 16 mm. In a preferred embodiment, shown in FIG. 1, resistive heating elements 2 are 1-4 mils (25-100 μm) thick, 1.3 mm wide and about 13 mm long, and are separated by slots approximately 0.5 mm wide.
The illustrative embodiments shown in FIGS. 1-14 have various advantages which may be particularly useful for specific applications. For instance, as shown in FIG. 5, the heater may be constructed so that both surfaces of the substrate are used, which allows a larger number of heating elements to be provided. As shown in FIG. 2, a smoking article may contain socket 6 for making the necessary electrical connections for use of a heater, although other techniques may also be used to make the necessary lead connections, such as conventional wire bonding.
One skilled in the art will appreciate that the resistive and conductive layers can be applied to the substrate in several ways, including techniques such as sputtering, physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, thermal spraying, and DC magnetron sputtering. However, most require the use of fairly expensive instruments, and involve processing the material in a vacuum. A preferred technique for high-speed production of heaters is screen-printing, which allows resistive and conductive materials to be screen-printed to desired thicknesses on green tape. The screen-printing process involves forcing a viscous thick film paste through a stencil screen to form a pattern on the substrate. The screen may be constructed of a stainless steel wire mesh or cloth, polyester or nylon filaments, or metallized polyester filaments. The mesh size may be tailored to the properties of the paste to be used. The resistive paste, which can consist of a combination of metals, non-metals, metal oxide and glass, is commercially available from DuPont Corporation of Wilmington, Del. in a variety of resistivity values. The sheet resistance of the paste increases with the loading concentrations of oxides and glass relative to the metals in the paste.
The thick film paste exhibits high viscosity, but its viscosity decreases sharply upon application of a shearing force, such as that applied to the paste when a rubber squeegee blade forces the paste through the screen. Thus, upon the application of force, the paste flows rapidly through the screen and prints a pattern on the substrate. Viscosity increases again when the force is withdrawn so that the paste retains its pattern.
The viscosity of the thick film paste may be adjusted by the addition of solvents or thinners such as pine oil, terpinol, butyl carbitol acetate or dibutylphthalate. Temporary binding materials such as polyvinyl acetate, ethyl cellulose or carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) may be used to increase the cohesion of the paste during screen printing and sintering. A permanent binder, such as glass, fuses the printed material to the substrate and remains after sintering.
After printing, the paste is allowed to settle for approximately 10 minutes. The paste may then be dried in a 120�-150� C. oven for about 10-15 minutes before firing or may be dried during the firing process. The paste is typically fired using the same temperature profile that is used for the ceramic firing stage, shown in FIG. 15. In this step temporary organic binders are removed from the films by decomposition and oxidation, when the temperature is generally at 200�-500� C. At temperatures from 500�-700� C., the permanent binder within the resistive (or conductive) thick-film paste, which is glass frit in a preferred embodiment, melts and wets the surface of the substrate and the particles within the paste. During the sintering stage, the temperature is raised to 850� C., which causes the particles to become interlocked with the glass frit and the substrate. Although adequate results may be achieved by printing the second layer after drying the first layer, the most consistent results are achieved by performing the reprinting step after firing the first resistive layer.
The conductive elements, including the lead terminals for energizing the heaters, are screen printed next. The thickness of the conductive layer is generally in the range of 0.2 mils (5 μm) to 5 mils (125 μm). The thick film paste used to print conductive elements may incorporate silver, gold, platinum, palladium, copper, tungsten or combinations of these metals, together with solvents and binders.
At this point, the printed tape may be cut, for instance by a laser, into individual heaters each having a plurality of resistive heating elements 2. This cutting step may also be performed after sintering the conductive paste. The heater is placed on a support, preferably graphite or another high temperature insulator that can withstand a subsequent heating step, where a second cutting operation further trims the heater to its final size, which is preferably less than the 8 mm diameter of conventional smoking articles. The trimming operation can be carried out by a laser or by a punch.
After trimming, the conductive layer may be fired using the temperature profile of FIG. 15. The conductive paste reacts similarly to the resistive paste during firing, although the final resistance is much lower. The firing step also forms good ohmic contacts between the resistive and conductive elements.
Although in the heater fabrication process illustrated above, the ceramic, resistive paste, and conductive paste were fired in three separate firing stages, it is also possible, in accordance with the invention, to easily modify the process. For instance, the conductive paste could be fired before the resistive paste, or the resistive and conductive pastes could be fired simultaneously.
The present invention may be more readily understood by reference to FIGS. 16-18, which detail the measured performance of heaters constructed in accordance with the invention. For instance, FIG. 16 shows the temperature attained by a heating element versus time as a result of applying a 5.0 V potential for 1.0 s across a heating element heaving a 1.21 Ω resistance. The heater temperature, which was measured by a thermocouple, rises to a maximum of approximately 400� C. After the potential is removed, the temperature decays.
FIG. 17 shows the effect of creating slots in the substrate between heating elements. The 1.25 Ω resistance of the heater used for the measurements of FIG. 17 is essentially the same as the resistance of the heater used for the measurements of FIG. 16. However, the greater thermal isolation that results from providing slots in the substrate between heating elements causes the temperature of the heater to rise to an approximately 700� C. maximum. Thus, by reducing thermal diffusion away from a heated resistive heating element, the temperature rise is produced more efficiently. Because the heater provides a temperature that is sufficiently high to create a tobacco aerosol for significantly longer than the non-slotted heater, even when drawing the same amount of battery power, battery life can be greatly extended by using slots.
Referring to FIGS. 12 and 18, when current is applied to heating element 10, temperature response 20 is produced. Due to thermal diffusion, the temperature of adjacent heater 11 is also raised (see thermal response 21). Thermal responses 22 and 23 show the effect of heat diffusing to heating element 12 and heating element 13. Although adjacent heating elements are not entirely thermally isolated from each other, they are isolated enough that the tobacco flavor-generating medium of adjacent elements will not be affected inadvertently when one of the heating elements is powered.
One skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention can be practiced by other than the described embodiments, which are presented for purposes of illustration and not of limitation, and the present invention is limited only by the claims which follow.
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|Charles Galauner
|Heating element connector assembly with press-fit terminals
|Mar 16, 2009
|Sep 17, 2009
|Philip Morris Usa Inc.
|Electrically heated aerosol generating system and method
|Aug 31, 2005
|Oct 22, 2009
|Kazuhiko Katsumata
|Heat treatment holder and heat treatment apparatus and method
|May 1, 2009
|Nov 5, 2009
|Thermoceramix Inc.
|Cooking appliances using heater coatings
|Apr 17, 2009
|Dec 31, 2009
|Philip Morris Usa Inc.
|Electrically heated smoking system
|Mar 18, 2010
|Alexza Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
|Printable Igniters
|Dec 17, 2009
|Apr 15, 2010
|Advanced Materials Enterprises Company Limited
|Water Heating Apparatus
|Dec 16, 2010
|Philip Morris Usa Inc.
|Electrically heated smoking system
|Apr 28, 2011
|Philip Morris Usa Inc.
|Smoking system having a liquid storage portion
|Nov 26, 2010
|Jun 2, 2011
|Philip Morris Usa Inc.
|Electrically heated smoking system with internal or external heater
|Nov 19, 2010
|Oct 18, 2012
|Qiuming Liu
|Electronic cigarette, electronic cigarette smoke capsule and atomization device thereof
|Apr 9, 2010
|Nov 15, 2012
|Qiuming Liu
|Electronic cigarette atomization device
|Aug 31, 2012
|Mar 6, 2014
|Qiuming Liu
|Multi-Flavored Electronic Cigarette
|Mar 6, 2014
|Sep 18, 2014
|Altria Client Services Inc.
|Electronic smoking article
|Jan 14, 2013
|Oct 15, 2013
|Altria Client Services Inc.
|Electronic smoking article
|Jan 14, 2013
|Oct 15, 2013
|Altria Client Services Inc.
|Mouthpiece of a smoking article
|Jan 14, 2013
|Dec 10, 2013
|Altria Client Services Inc.
|Electronic smoking article
|Oct 14, 2013
|Feb 3, 2015
|Altria Client Services Inc.
|Electronic smoking article
|Dec 15, 2014
|Sep 1, 2015
|Altria Client Services Inc.
|Electronic smoking article
|Dec 15, 2014
|Sep 8, 2015
|Altria Client Services Llc
|Electronic smoking article
|Dec 15, 2014
|Sep 8, 2015
|Altria Client Services Llc
|Electronic smoking article
|Dec 15, 2014
|Nov 10, 2015
|Altria Client Services Llc
|Electronic smoking article
|Dec 15, 2014
|Jan 26, 2016
|Altria Client Services Llc
|Electronic smoking article
|Oct 14, 2013
|Feb 9, 2016
|Altria Client Services Llc
|Smoking article
|Oct 14, 2013
|Feb 16, 2016
|Altria Client Services Llc
|Smoking article
|Sep 24, 1998
|Mar 31, 1999
|PARI GmbH Spezialisten f�r effektive Inhalation
|Inhalation device
|Oct 7, 1996
|Apr 16, 1998
|Philip Morris Products Inc.
|Platinum heater
|Nov 25, 1997
|Jun 4, 1998
|Philip Morris Products Inc.
|Method and apparatus for using, cleaning, and maintaining electrical heat sources and lighters useful in smoking systems and other apparatuses
|Aug 24, 2012
|Mar 14, 2013
|British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited
|Heating smokeable material
|Sep 6, 2013
|May 1, 2014
|R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company
|Electronic smoking article comprising one or more microheaters
|Mar 19, 2014
|Sep 25, 2014
|British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited
|Heating smokeable material
|Aug 14, 2014
|Feb 19, 2015
|Deluca Oven Technologies, Llc
|Vapor generator including wire mesh heating element
|Dec 15, 2014
|Aug 13, 2015
|Philip Morris Products S.A.
|An aerosol-generating system having a fluid-permeable heater assembly
|Jul 9, 2015
|Jan 14, 2016
|Philip Morris Products S.A.
|Aerosol-forming cartridge with protective foil
|Jul 10, 2015
|Jan 14, 2016
|Philip Morris Products S.A.
|Aerosol-generating system comprising a removable heater
|Aug 5, 2014
|Feb 11, 2016
|Electronic cigarette performance detection apparatus and detection method
|U.S. Classification
|392/404, 219/543, 128/203.27, 128/202.21, 131/273
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Mar 23, 1993
Owner name: PHILIP MORRIS INCORPORATED, NEW YORK
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:DEEVI, SEETHARAMA C.;HAJALIGOL, MOHAMMAD R.;REEL/FRAME:006523/0252
Effective date: 19930215
|Sep 28, 1998
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Nov 4, 2002
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Nov 4, 2002
|Surcharge for late payment
Year of fee payment: 7
|Nov 6, 2002
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Sep 19, 2006
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


text:
Gourmet Christmas Basket
Our Customers Thought
We just received our items!!!! So excited that they were perfect!!! I wish i would have bought one for us :) The wait was so quick!!! Thanks AgainKathy, Jasper, IN
December 17, 2015
MY UNCLE SAID I WAS THE BEST FOR THIS BASKET. THANK YOU!!anniya, Las Vegas, NV
December 16, 2015
Sent to our out of state Grandson who is a flight attendant. He loved it. Said it was so easy to grab 2or3 of the packages to take on his trip to enjoy later on. Pleased GrandparentsDale, Quincy, IL
December 16, 2015
Sent this to our out of town Grandson...he is a young professional with gourmet tastes. Said it was amazing. Pleased GrandparentsDale, Quincy, IL
December 16, 2015
The family I sent it to were raving about it! Plus it was delivered within 24 hours of ordering!Theresa, Orangeburg, SC
December 15, 2015
Great as usualClifton, Altamonte Springs, FL
December 4, 2015
This is a special gift that will be enjoyed by many! But I forgot to click the button for the FREE Pumpkin pie! Oh dear!Beverlee, Hanford, CA
November 23, 2015
My son was very happy to get this and reports that everything is delicious. Delivery was right on time.Jocelyn, Bloomington, IN
December 29, 2014
A little something for everyone. Perfect gift.Joann, Caddo Mills, TX
December 21, 2014
Packaged in the same facility as peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, and milk products.
Store in a cool dry place for up to 6 months. It is ok to refrigerate.
Found In
Chocolate (414)
Country of origin: United States


text:
Be Kate Winslet Or Cameron Diaz -- But Not A Famewhore, Please -- Right Here In Houston
Remember that movie The Holiday? Strangers Cameron Diaz and Kate Winslet are both single and incredibly hot, and they connect on a house-exchange website, vacation at each others' homes in LA and Surrey, and find love along the way? ABC is doing a reality-show spin-off of the extremely realistic romantic comedy -- and it's casting here in Houston.
The pitch: "This is your chance to jump into a different life in a different part of the country. A romantic holiday completely planned and organized just for you. We provide the new city, the new digs, the new guys...even the plane ticket." There's some more stuff in there about how you have to "believe in love," but we'll spare you.
Megan Hundahl lives in Houston and is scouting locally for the show, which, unfortunately, she describes to Hair Balls as "classy" and not about "girls in bikinis drinking by the pool." She's looking for single women ages 25-40 who have successful careers to switch places with women in other cities.
Interested? If you're a famewhore who just wants to be on TV, they'll try to sniff you out. Producers are vetting the women to make sure they're "genuinely single" and not just looking "to promote an acting career or get their own VH1 show."
Upcoming Events
Houston Texans vs. New Orleans Saints
TicketsSat., Aug. 20, 7:00pm
Houston Dynamo vs. Seattle Sounders FC
Wed., Aug. 24, 7:45pm
Houston Roller Derby
TicketsSat., Aug. 27, 7:00pm
Houston Texans vs. Arizona Cardinals
TicketsSun., Aug. 28, 3:00pm
You should bring the hotness, of course, and, as the pitch says, maybe "manage a hip new start-up company" or drive a "shiny convertible." Oh, and you should have lots of male friends. Said male friends will be dating fodder for the female you swap with. Just like Jude Law in The Holiday! Why you wouldn't just go ahead and date your personal Jude Law yourself is another question altogether...
Filming is supposed to take place in May. And when it's all over, perhaps you'll have found love. With a man 1,000 miles away. If you're interested, email email@example.com or email@example.com.
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text:
The person who designed our WordPress website left and I need to make some changes. What is the first step? How do I login as admin?
The person who designed our WordPress website left and I need to make some changes. What is the first step? How do I login as admin?
The easiest thing to do is get the login info from the previous person. If you can't do that, you'll need access to the file system or hire someone else to help you with it. Also, your web host might be able to help.
How do I login? I can't see an admin login on the website
yourwebsite.com/wp-admin and the login page will show.
mindctrl, thanks for your help. I don't see a login; I did access the page you suggest on the computer on which the site was built. When I click on account, everything is "greyed out" except for sign-up, which seems to be some sort of beta test.
Can you direct me to the login? I can probably find the password once I hit a login page.
What do you mean "sign-up"? You can also try
Can you share your website address here? That would help.
Hey, I'm in SC too. :)
It looks like your site has been hacked. When viewing the source code of the blank login page, it shows a hidden iframe that links to another site.
This site scanner shows the infection.
You need to hire someone to fix this problem. Incidentally, the Sucuri guys are good for just that thing, and their prices are great.
Thanks mindctrl; I have a call into a web developer friend who might be able to help. That's what I get for letting the site sit so long!
Thanks for the scan and link, and I'll keep Sucuri in mind if I don't solve it myself.
Good luck. Mind marking this thread resolved?
Shows resolved; thx again . . .
This topic has been closed to new replies.


text: AdChoices Terms of Use Privacy Policy Hide TOP 10 Top 10 Entertainment Top 10: WWE Divas Share Tweet 0 Shares 8. Candice WWE Candice first turned heads during the 2004 WWE Diva Search, and while she wasn't named a finalist, that didn't stop her from pursuing her wrestling dreams. After the competition, she was hired by the WWE to play the role of a makeup artist, and it wasn't long before she was competing on Raw in various contests, such as lingerie shows. Candice jumped to SmackDown in 2005, and her career took off. A year later, she graced the cover of Playboy, and in the fall of 2007, claimed the WWE Women's Championship. Next Page TOP 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Comments Share your opinion Your name More Like This Life Commentary Meet The Ring Girls In Our Top 99 Read More Recommended You Won't Want To Miss These Sneak-Peeks Of Sports Illustrated's 2016 Swimsuit Issue Read More Trending Ronda Rousey Says UFC 193 Opponent Holly Holm Is Her 'Biggest Threat' Read More Entertainment News See Kate Upton Like You've Never Seen Her Before Read More Top 10 Entertainment The World's Hottest Sports Illustrated Models Read More Top 10 Sports Top 10: WEC Fighters Read More Around the Web Special Features Guy Gear The Best Watches Under $500 Read More Special Feature The Ultimate Guide To Hooking Up Online Read More


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2 year old filly by Ford Every Stream (by Seeking the Gold) and out of Silver Trippi (by Trippi) She is a super nice filly with an athletic build Eligible…$5,000
2 year old filly by Ford Every Stream (by Seeking the Gold) and out of Private Foxx (by Lost Soldier) Nice filly that looks like a runner and ready to…$3,500
Lizzie is by Lost Soldier and out of Act Lively (by Lively One) Her first foal is a 2 yr old gelding by Ford Every Stream (by Seeking the Gold) - he has…$5,000
Luna is a 22year old, 13.3 hh mare with a lot of brio. She is extremely well trained that anyone can ride, as long as that quick paso step doesn't bother…$1,000
'Peppy's Classy Chic' aka Classy is an 8 yr old mare. You can view her papers on all breed registry. She is well bred and very well trained, good with…$5,000
This mare loves her babies. She throws nice foals. She is exposed to black & white stallion for 2017 foal. She has a black filly foal who will be weaned…$750
Gracies Dottie is a 3 year old registered appaloosa filly. She stands 15.1 hands, is big boned, heavily muscled, athletic and super flashy. Her sire is…$4,500
Health forces me to sell my SE/AK gelding. When I purchased him I was told he had 30 days on him but, very green and just too much for me in my current…$600


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Behror Vacation Packages
Behror is situated approximately 75 miles (121 kilometers) southwest of New Delhi, the national capital, and 75 miles (121 kilometers) northeast of Jaipur.
Behror is not the only place in Rajasthan worth experiencing; visitors should also set out to see the special qualities of the nearby scenery, towns and cities. Roughly 9 miles (14 kilometers) away lies Neemrana. Head here to discover the NIIT University and Neemrana Fort.
Gurgaon, is another good spot to head to. It is approximately 60 miles (97 kilometers) from Behror and offers a number of interesting things to see, for example Leisure Valley, Kingdom of Dreams and Omaxe Celebration Mall. Sahara Mall, Select CITYWALK and Ambience Mall are also good places to spend time.
Travelers to Rajasthan should spend time exploring the area's open-air markets. This area is known for its fine historic palaces; these are often windows into the region's colorful past.
Have you often wondered how it would feel to have a try hot air ballooning? Rajasthan is a great place to give it a go. Take advantage of the knowledge of the locals by signing up for one of the wildlife spotting tours, guided nature walks and wildlife safaris.
The closest major airport, Indira Gandhi International Airport, is situated in Delhi, 65 miles (105 kilometers) to the northeast of Behror, so take that into account when booking your vacation.


text: TuneTangler Shuffles Music by AlbumThorin Klosowski2/04/13 9:30amFiled to: iPhone DownloadsiosiPhoneMusicMusic playerDownloads7EditInvite manuallyPromoteDismissUndismissHideShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalink iOS: Throwing your music on shuffle is always nice when you're not sure what you want to listen to, but you can't keep albums grouped together. TuneTangler is a simple app that shuffles albums, not songs. TuneTangler works exactly as you'd expect it to. Open up TuneTangler, hit play, and it automatically starts shuffling your albums. You can hit the shuffle button again for another random album. If you prefer to listen to whole albums, but like the randomness of shuffle, TuneTangler is a handy app. TuneTangler ($2.99) | iTunes App Store via One Thing WellReply7 repliesLeave a reply


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problems getting into chat
Posted 23 March 2010 - 03:34 AM
Posted 23 March 2010 - 04:59 AM
Please note you must post ten (10) times on the board and have been a member for at least one week before being able to access chat.
* Pandora's Aquarium
* > Administration
* > chat
Why do I have to meet certain requirements before I can access chat?
Edited by Onetofortynine, 23 March 2010 - 05:06 AM.
Posted 23 March 2010 - 05:27 AM
Since you joined before March 22 you don't need 10 posts. The mods and chatterators are probably slammed with requests at the moment. If you don't hear from anyone by the end of the day send them another message
Posted 23 March 2010 - 05:49 AM
Have you asked permission to be able to chat - according to the post Changes to Chat Guidelines we now need to PM a mod and provide certian information to gain access to chat
chat is now available by request only. This affects everyone. If you would like access to the chat room, you must read the chat guidelines thoroughly and PM a board mod or chatterator. You'll need to send us a message that confirms the following:
1) The date that you joined Pandy's.
2) The number of posts you have made.
3) That you have read and understood the chat room guidelines.
4) That you agree not to use the chat PM system unless its to talk directly to a chat moderator.
5) That you will remain respectful of all members and Pandy's staff members.
The people who have the ability to give you access to the chat room are AJ, Sasha, Cadence, Katy, Jes, Ash, Jackie, Kate, Kristy, Melinda, and Sadie. You will be approved more quickly if use the help desk or if you PM several people at once.
Hope this helps
From Kitten
Posted 26 March 2010 - 05:00 PM
Posted 26 March 2010 - 05:07 PM
You should be all set to get into chat. Please let us know if you are continuing to have difficulties getting in.
Lavender, please take a look at this post for more information about how to request access for chat.
Hope that helps!


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Join Coke Zero and Rand Athletic Club this Tuesday 13 November at 17H45 for a run like none-other. Stand a chance to walk away with more than just a boost of endorphins
ADSL & Web hosting proudly provided by Afrihost. All rights reserved. © 2016. Bizcommunity.com, its sponsors, contributors and advertisers disclaim all liability for any loss, damage, injury or expense that might arise from the use of, or reliance upon, the services contained herein. Privacy policy, Terms of Use, PAIA.


text:
Often, on elephant, I and we post sexy stuff. Almost as often, I and we are condemned for doing so. But isn't sex…sexy? Can't it be talked about in a respectful, fun, uplifting or educational manner?
What's wrong with sex? What's wrong with talking about sex? Is our hatred of it really about condemning crass objectification (whenever we post a sexy man blog, we get dozens of comments reveling in the hunk's…attributes…).
Are we, in 2010 2011 in America, still so uptight, beset by a centuries' long puritanical hangover that sex can't just be wholesome, ordinary, sexy without being exciting or, flip the coin, degrading?
From the department of just wondering, 'cause we're going to be writing and talking about sex and love and relationships for a long time and sincerely want to get this right so it's not exploitative and is of real benefit. And, fun.
hot on elephant
The 4 Stages of a Good Divorce. A Letter to my Children: You do not come from a Broken Home. Mom, can I Call her Mom, Too? These People are Rare Gems—Keep Them, Fight for Them, don't Give Up on Them. An Open Letter to the Fixers. Jon Stewart makes first appearance since retiring—"it's not your country." Waylon shares 10 transformingly beautiful Quotes about Love. 40 Things I've Learned in 40 Years. The Right & Wrong kinds of Solitude we Seek. When your Heart is Wounded, I will Hold your Hand.


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The Cooler is a 2003 romantic drama film directed by Wayne Kramer. The original screenplay was written by Kramer and Frank Hannah. In old school gambling parlance, a casino "cooler" is an unlucky individual, usually a casino employee, whose mere presence at the gambling tables usually results in a streak of bad luck for the other players. Wikipedia
(last lines)
Larry Sokolov: Gentlemen, I want to thank you for your vote of confidence. As the new director of casino operations I want to make a personal guarantee to each and every one of you that your investment in the Golden Shangri-La will be well looked after. The future looks very bright, gentlemen. Very, very bright.


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Hedge Fund Investigated
Published: September 11, 2003
The attorneys general of Illinois and New York have opened an investigation into Samaritan Asset Management, a $200 million Chicago-area hedge fund that trades mutual funds, an Illinois state official said.
The investigation was initiated by New York's attorney general, Eliot Spitzer, who opened an inquiry into special treatment that mutual fund companies have given hedge funds by allowing them to buy and sell their funds.
The Illinois attorney general, Jesse White, joined the investigation.
Samaritan, which is based in Barrington, Ill., is closing, according to the newsletter Hedge Fund Alert. Samaritan's founder, Ed Owens did not return a telephone call seeking comment.


text:
Welcome to the Loxton North Primary School website.
The school is set in the heart of an important Riverland orchard, vineyard and farming area. It is essentially a country school in character, in that most of the children come from families who are associated with primary production.
We have approximately 60 students currently enrolled from Preschool to Year Seven, in three classes and a site based Preschool. Our focus on Literacy and Numeracy, with these curriculum areas being taught in the mornings.There are many benefits for children in a smaller country setting. The school has a caring attitude towards all, is able to cater for a wide range of individual student needs, and provides many opportunities for students in academic, social and sporting endeavours.
The school has excellent facilities, play equipment, sporting ovals ,large covered outdoor learning area and our own swimming pool.
We are a site based Preschool to Year 7 and Playgroup is available also through the Preschool. This provides a gentle and smooth transition from home through Preschool to school.
Loxton North Preschool to Year 7 is a member of the Loxton Waikerie Partnership.
22 Finance / Governing Council
24 Assembly
29 Finance & Governing Council
7 SAPSASA Basketball
8 Assembly
8 SRC Lunch Day
8 Last Day Term
Early Dismissal 2:30pm
29 Choir cluster practice
2 Choir - dress rehearsal
- Performance
3 Yr 5/6/7 Christian Options
5 Assembly
15 Science Week
17 Yr 5/6/7 Christian Options


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New HIV/AIDS Findings: What's Working?
By now, you've heard the news that the number of new HIV infections in the U.S. is higher than previously known.
Just to be clear, the news is not that the epidemic seems to be worsening, but, rather, that the detection methods are better, which means that we can now know approximately when people became infected and how many actually are.
All fine and good, but why, in the richest country in the world, do African Americans, as a group, have an HIV/AIDS infection rate that rivals that of the developing world?
I participated in a town hall forum with Phill Wilson of the Black AIDS Institute last fall, in conjunction with the Congressional Black Caucus annual legislative weekend. What impressed me about that conference was — in contrast to the new data we're just learning about — how much we do know about what works and what does not in fighting HIV/AIDS. There were so many great initiatives already up and running. I was amazed. (I recognize that that was a reflection of my own ignorance, but I was under the impression that this was all new news.)
Wilson says the big issue is coordination: one hand does not know what the other is doing, so the best practices and innovative ideas that are working well in some communities are not replicated. Of course, there are also the systemic problems with health care in this country, but still.
We'd like to hear from you. What innovative, effective programs to fight HIV/AIDS are working where you live? If we hear from enough of you, we will find a way to showcase these ideas in an upcoming program.
I'll figure something out. We cannot let this epidemic go on.
And, speaking of news, meet the new Washington bureau chief for NBC News, Mark Whitaker. A quiet trailblazer, he spent most of his career at NEWSWEEK magazine, winning four national magazine awards as editor. Now, he's heading the network's D.C. bureau. His new role has to be one of the most glamorous jobs in journalism, filled rather remarkably for the last decade by someone who was surely one of the city's best loved, as well as best respected, journalists, Tim Russert, who was not a glamour hound. Russert was a down-to-earth teddybear who brought the heat.
Big shoes, but Whitaker has his own big shoes, not least that he is the first African American to fill many of the key jobs in which he's served, including this one.
And because it's Monday, and I know some people are sad to be back at work, we decided to make it funky for you with Brian Culbertson.
Enjoy. You know you can't fake the funk.
You must be signed in to leave a comment. Sign In / Register
Please keep your community civil. All comments must follow the NPR.org Community rules and terms of use, and will be moderated prior to posting. NPR reserves the right to use the comments we receive, in whole or in part, and to use the commenter's name and location, in any medium. See also the Terms of Use, Privacy Policy and Community FAQ.
I am a black, gay man who is HIV positive. I did not contract HIV because the Bush administration didn't provide me with enough AIDS education. I contracted HIV because I had unprotected sex with a multitude of strangers, trying to fill the void of an absent father. This is the same void that causes most of the problems that plague the black community. Crime, poverty, low self-esteem, poor academic achievement, incarceration, and out-of-wedlock births all stem from one source: FATHERLESSNESS. Until black folks come to terms with this very sobering fact, there is noting the government can, or should do about the African-American AIDS epidemic. If Phil Wilson wants to come up with a strategy for fighting AIDS in the black community, he should suggest that black women wait to have children with men they are married and committed to, and that black men remain in the home and raise these children, build their characters and instill in them the values that might prevent one from contracting HIV.
AIDS is not a black disease. Generally, it is a disease the largely affects people below the poverty line and those that are often under educated. In the US, many blacks fall into that category. With poverty often comes lack of sex education, among other things. I understand the goal of the CNN article but the headline, and the quote it is derived from, is harmful and inflammatory. As a black woman I'm sitting here cringing. It paints me as an undesirable in terms of dating and marriage. I am not poor, uneducated or HIV+ but the CNN article's presumption is that AIDS is so prevalent in the black community that I probably have it solely because I am a black woman. You must look at individuals and how they live their lives. No one knows my circumstances and whether I am high risk. I am not. However, after reading the CNN article I know many men would unfairly steer clear of me -- which is unfortunate and saddening.
I watched the same CNN series of six hours (including the two-hour preview). Did I mention I'm a black woman and I never felt "undesirable in terms of dating and marriage" from watching the series. Did you see any part of the series that featured successful single black women? And the 24 year-old HIV positive lady featured doesn't look to be in poverty.
AIDS might not be a black disease but it is sure affecting a lot of blacks. If not, why do blacks make up 50 percent of new cases? And yes, poverty is a factor but not the overwhelming reason for the disease being an epidemic.
Eight years ago, while in college, one of my roomates was a Nursing student. As she was doing her hours in a medical facility to complete her program, she told me one afternoon, she was shocked to see the many faces of HIV and AIDS. Some of them were not downtrodden, they had good careers and looked fit.
A few years later, I got to read (what my Nursing roomate already knew) that my community where I spent time during those college days was one of the top-five new AIDS cases in the country. You wouldn't think of such with all its glitz and glamour - heard anything about Miami or South Beach?
DJ thank you so much! Man I think you hit it right on the head. While I think a case can be made for having broader outreach to the poorer Latino(a) communities because of the lack of access to services and language barriers I just don't buy it in the black community. I would have thought the whole crack epidemic only with it's multiplicity of illness including HIV & AIDS would have left little doubt as to the causes of HIV. While there needs to be more education and messages tailored to communities of color no one is going to save us but US. The black church has utterly failed to put it's arms around the gays and sexually active young women coming down with HIV in it's churches, but where is the hue and cry? Write your mega church and ask where are they? In my view the "community" needs to confront itself over it homophobic views that help create DL's...We have work to do people!


text: Regal Wedding Invitation by Katie Leamon £11.25$20.14€13.57$15.09 In stock £6.95$12.44€8.38$9.32 delivery to United States Receive this item 5-10 working days from dispatch International delivery available quantity by Katie Leamon Location: London, GB read seller's profile see seller's complete range more items from this seller Bridal Shower Invites by Katie Leamon £11.25$20.14€13.57$15.09 Illustrated 'Thanks' Postcards by Katie Leamon £6.50$11.63€7.84$8.72 Love Arrows Wedding Invitations by Katie Leamon £11.25$20.14€13.57$15.09 Luxe New York Card by Katie Leamon £3.50$6.26€4.22$4.69 Two Pk Chevron Wrap Set by Katie Leamon £5.50$9.84€6.63$7.38 'Two Peas In A Pod' Card by Katie Leamon £3.25$5.81€3.92$4.36 view all you may also like PRODUCT DETAILS DELIVERY RETURNS ask seller a question save for later Pack of 10 luxury hand printed party invitations with a regal themed illustration. Part of the new collection from Katie Leamon, these hand printed wedding invitations are the perfect way to begin your celebrations. The regal design will add a touch of elegance to your special day. Each invite is individually handprinted in the UK onto luxury ivory card and comes with a luxury kraft polka dot envelope. made from: 300gsm ivory card dimensions: 7 X 5 inches product code: 326166 This product is dispatched to you by Katie Leamon. MAINLAND UK order now and receive this item by price Standard Delivery Tuesday 2 August £1.75$3.13€2.11$2.34 Tracked Two Day Delivery Tuesday 2 August £5.70$10.20€6.87$7.65 Tracked Next Day Delivery Monday 1 August £6.70$11.99€8.08$8.99 NON-MAINLAND UK estimated delivery price Highlands & Islands of Scotland 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £1.75$3.13€2.11$2.34 Northern Ireland 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £1.75$3.13€2.11$2.34 Other UK Islands 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £1.75$3.13€2.11$2.34 INTERNATIONAL DELIVERY estimated delivery price Western Europe 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £5.00$8.95€6.03$6.71 Rest of Europe 5-10 working daysfrom dispatch £5.00$8.95€6.03$6.71 USA & Canada 5-10 working daysfrom dispatch £6.95$12.44€8.38$9.32 Asia & Australasia 5-10 working daysfrom dispatch £7.25$12.97€8.74$9.73 Rest of the world 5-14 working daysfrom dispatch £7.25$12.97€8.74$9.73 You have 28 days, from receipt of cancellable goods, to notify the seller if you wish to cancel your order or exchange an item. Please note: goods that are personalised, bespoke or made-to-order to your specific requirements, perishable products and personal items sold with a hygiene seal (cosmetics, underwear) in instances where the seal is broken are non-refundable, unless faulty. Read more about our returns policy.Should you choose to return or exchange your order you will need to deliver the item(s) to the UK, where this seller is based. Katie Leamon's return policy Please see notonthehighstreet.com's returns policy.