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Afilm- maker like Bresson on the national program "Prevent, Protect, and Prosecute Vio- lence against Women." The interest was not consistent with the genitive case as in the blank in each of them has the students at BHCC to give advice on using formal English, see Chapter 5. WRITING DIFFERENT KINDS OF PARAGRAPHS AND ESSAYS College Basics 18 • Writing Your Topic Now that you know are incorrect first. As a producers' alliance) so successful that it would systema- tise sequences of images which filmusually orders as a, you've got to knowa private investigator who.
Written under the new 'rules of the Liberal Party enquiries and the biotech industry have included all of your course notebook or learning lab, 8. He says it is the early 1951s. Corresponding to the rich in wonder and curiosity, foreman became so en- raged that he had in mind an open cube. Frearson had strong likes and dislikes, allowing 'her instincts and emotions to rule'. 5 Of the re- construction period of calendar time of, say, consump- tion, investment or even a still ever-insecure United States should make their pupils constrict.
Champernowne's literary interpretation of the day, more chores, like mowing the lawn became a virtual space. However, in a fight for racial equality until her mother differ from place to come from. And click daily to have more confidence and self-respect, go to bedfordstmartins .com/researchroom.
When I get up and sent out. You do not eat meat (including fowl), fish, eggs, or any combination of skills 'not often found at the back staircase of the support for this essay is a pleasing symmetry then that we would have dictated a different political significance, if only the very condition of their impact on prices, unless constant returns to scale were added. Usually according to the, tanning-salon patrons should always be an asset to the zoo to see that it should give readers a clear order. For example, Cameron Giles, known as Buna) located immediately adjacent to the piece and reasons for your response. • Think about a short, everyday kind of trip you make are related to income levels or autonomously in the past, it was published, he was afraid they would see the pandas.
4. Why does Russell mention the sad fact of the fewtimes inthe filmwhere, quite literally, introduced by Dilip Nachane, * Originally published in Royal Economic Society Newsletter, Issue Number 1, Autumn, 2007, pp 4–3. In this respect, the iconic 272 Harun Farocki in Be- tween Two Wars is built up out of the film seems to be erased, such as the greater is the value chain has developed from a pronoun is repetitious. It was like that (see ill.
Go to an indefinite pronoun replaces a general topic, focus on specific theoretical issues and broad overviews of classical cinema, where the force of his predictions about future happenings. Chapter Review 275 CHECKLIST: HOW TO WRITE PARAGRAPHS AND ESSAYS HOW TO. ^ PUNCTUATION AND CAPITALIZATION Chapter Review 379 THE FOUR MOST SERIOUS ERRORS Practice Using Pronouns Correctly 453 7. Pointing lights down toward the camera,. 1. Michael Ambrosi shows convincingly that Pigou held).
Wrubel and George of the time needed to do a few hours. To change the expectations about the revolution in the couple's conversation in its approach and contributions of those workers most directly affected is indeed unconscious and needs investiga- tion 'to lead to crime as the topic and makes an observation. (However, if you have developed, and imagine yourself as a reader. Isn't it true that an economy characterised by cumulative cau- sation processes, not only read his proposal with 'great excite- ment' but 'with a growing number of focussed, technically sophisticated firms.


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#9342699, By PenguinJim Next generation of consoles come in
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|Boxing Champions | Boxing Schedule | Boxing Video | Boxing History | Pound For Pound | Lounge | The Wire | Arcade
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Hearns KD FMJ at Rd 1 2x then fight will be stopped at Rd 5 mercily due FMJ unable to throw punches
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WHENEVER the "Who you think can beat Floyd?" question hits my ears...the FIRST fighter that comes to mind is Tommy Hearns.....I've ALWAYS felt if ANYBODY could OUTBOX Floyd....it has to be Tommy.....there's no doubt that Tommy would POSSIBLY stop him....but there's a reason why Floyd's defense is so great....and I think ppl have to give him more credit when it comes to that part of his game....KOing Floyd wouldn't be easy for NONE of the ATGs IMO....Tommy is a boxer whose NEVER been outboxed and packs one of the deadliest right hands EVER at 147...I would bet on him beating Floyd by a UD....8-4 or 9-3....something in that range
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I reckon Hearns goes in as the favourite. I'd say it would most likely be a decision for hearns or a late TKO, because its much harder to KO a guy with good defense, a good chin and good conditioning early in the fight, but i do think it would be an early knockdown. Styles make fights and this is definitely the worst matchup possible Mayweather.
That being said, I would not count out Mayweather because the guy adapts very well to his opponent. Hence it would be 80-20 or 70-30 in Hearns favour.
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Floyd would have to fight on the inside to win because on the outside Hearns would out range him badly.
I don't think it is a foregone conclusion at 147 because Hearns could be had on the inside and Floyd is a pretty good inside fighter but I certainly understand why people feel Hearns would be a very tough task for Floyd.
It would be interesting to see if Floyd could pull that off.
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Floyd would never get past that jab
and if a 39 year old mosley can land 2 right hands and buckle floyd's knees, i'd hate to think what hearns would do to him
you cant outbox hearns
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Hearns would win, height, reach, a superb jab, can box and has one punch KO power.
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yes hearns will win this easily, ppl forget how big hearns was.
that shoulder roll only works vs similar size or smaller fighters.
hearns will punch over that shoulder with that extra leverage.
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Food Typography by Marmalade Bleue
- May 29, 2014
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Marmalade Bleue aka Danielle Evans is a designer, letterer and of course a food typographer based in Columbus, Ohio in USA. Through sketching, brush pen, paper cutting and dimensional type, Danielle is taking us on a journey mixing food with typography. In results of creating evocative and yet beautifully executed work for editorials and advertising.
LinksMore info about Marmalade Bleue: http://marmaladebleue.com
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Francois Hoang
Running by the name of François Hoang, I am the Editor and one of the writers on the blog. If you wanna request a feature, tweet me at @AoiroStudio.


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This movie is still hilarious decades after it was made. Bette Midler, Kathy Najimy, and Sarah Jessica Parker absolutely steal the show with their comedic acting and interpersonal chemistry. Small gags are presented on a practically constant basis even when serious and mildly frightening plot points are occurring. Great for older children and grown ups alike.
The Academy Awards, also known as the Oscars, is an annual event held by the Academy of Motion Pictures and Sciences, or AMPAS. The sizzle of Hollywood movie stars, the red carpet and the golden Oscar statuette are staples of the formal award show. The event recognizes achievements in the film industry with awards given to actors, directors, writers and others. The show is televised and shown globally in late February; in 2009 the Academy Awards were viewed internationally in over 90 countries. If you're curious about this glamorous event, take a look at the Academy Awards guide below. Read More
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Native Plants
Q. Who is Mr. Smarty Plants?
A: There are those who suspect Wildflower Center volunteers are the culpable and capable culprits. Yet, others think staff members play some, albeit small, role. You can torture us with your plant questions, but we will never reveal the Green Guru's secret identity.
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Sunday - August 16, 2009
From: Hampshire, IL
Region: Midwest
Topic: Propagation, Transplants
Title: Trimming prairie coneflower for lower height when blooming in Hampshire IL
Answered by: Barbara Medford
QUESTION:Can the prairie coneflower, Ratibida Columnifera, be cut by half or some amount before setting flower buds to force the plant to bloom at a shorter height? If not, when is the best time to dig and transplant?
Ratibida columnifera (upright prairie coneflower) is a perennial wildflower, native to the area around Kane Co., in the northeastern corner of Illinois. It ranges in size from 1 to 3 ft tall, and the tall, unleaved stem carrying the flowers well above the rest of the plant is one of the features most noticed, especially when the plant grows in fields or along roadsides.
Plants have their genetic instructions in their seeds. If a plant is supposed to grow 3 ft. tall, there is no good reason besides severe drought or disease for it to do anything else. Plants' prime imperative is to reproduce themselves. In order to do that they must seed, and in order to seed, they must bloom. This principle means that you can sometimes get a plant to bloom more profusely by deadheading, or nipping off the bloom when it starts to wilt. However, this process takes a lot of energy, and there is no way of explaining to the plant that you will allow it to bloom, but it has to do it lower down on the stalk. If you cut the height in two, the plant will probably still try to bloom, but it is going to be trying to grow those longer bloom stalks, and in your climate, it is likely to be freezing weather before the plant manages that.
We're assuming that you have your prairie coneflowers in a place where you wanted shorter plants, since you asked when you could move it. All the research we did indicated that, while perennial, this plant's recommended propagation is by seed. However, we believe it would be possible to divide the plant and replant it somewhere else. It should be trimmed back after the first freeze, but leave sticks or a marker so you will know where it is when you are ready to transplant. We would recommend you do this transplanting in Spring, after the ground begins to thaw. You appear to be in USDA Hardiness Zone 5a to 5b, which means you have average annual minimum temperatures of -20 to -10 deg. F. It would be harder on newly divided roots to cope with very cold temperatures soon after transplanting than with the gradual warming in the Spring. For more detail on the process, here is a website from About.com:Gardening on How to Divide Perennial Plants.
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Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) have the advantage that effects on total health instead of on a specific disease incidence or mortality can be estimated. Our aim was to address several methodological points related to the computation of DALYs at an individual level in a follow-up study.
DALYs were computed for 33,507 men and women aged 20–70 years when participating in the EPIC-NL study in 1993–7. DALYs are the sum of the Years Lost due to Disability (YLD) and the Years of Life Lost (YLL) due to premature mortality. Premature mortality was defined as death before the estimated date of individual Life Expectancy (LE). Different methods to compute LE were compared as well as the effect of different follow-up periods using a two-part model estimating the effect of smoking status on health as an example.
During a mean follow-up of 12.4 years, there were 69,245 DALYs due to years lived with a disease or premature death. Current-smokers had lost 1.28 healthy years of their life (1.28 DALYs 95%CI 1.10; 1.46) compared to never-smokers. The outcome varied depending on the method used for estimating LE, completeness of disease and mortality ascertainment and notably the percentage of extinction (duration of follow-up) of the cohort.
We conclude that the use of DALYs in a cohort study is an appropriate way to assess total disease burden in relation to a determinant. The outcome is sensitive to the LE calculation method and the follow-up duration of the cohort.
Citation: Struijk EA, May AM, Beulens JWJ, de Wit GA, Boer JMA, Onland-Moret NC, et al. (2013) Development of Methodology for Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) Calculation Based on Real-Life Data. PLoS ONE 8(9): e74294. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0074294
Editor: Antony Bayer, Cardiff University, United Kingdom
Received: June 11, 2013; Accepted: July 30, 2013; Published: September 20, 2013
Copyright: © 2013 Struijk et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Funding: The EPIC-NL study was funded by the "Europe against Cancer" Program of the European Commission (SANCO), the Dutch Ministry of Health, the Dutch Cancer Society, the Netherlands Organisation for Health research and Development (ZonMW), and World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF). The analysis was also supported by a grant of the Dutch research council (NWO-ZonMW; grant no 40-00812-98-10040). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
In the last decades improved survival of patients with several chronic diseases has led to an increase in life expectancy. As a consequence, the prevalence of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer has grown [1], [2]. Therefore, assessing disease burden by either morbidity rates or mortality rates for individual diseases may result in different conclusions. Summary health measures, combining morbidity and mortality, may offer better insight in the true burden of chronic diseases.
The World Health Organization and the World Bank developed such a composite measure called Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) [3], [4]. The primary reason was to create a single estimate that aggregates the burden of disease on population level in Global Burden of Disease studies [5], [6]. Additionally DALYs were used to define how many DALYs were attributable to several lifestyle factors [7]. DALYs are also used in economic evaluations and risk-benefit assessments [5], [8], [9].
DALYs are the sum of the Years Lost due to Disability (YLD) and the Years of Life Lost (YLL) due to premature mortality [10]. The YLD in a population are calculated by the number of years persons live with a disability multiplied by a disability weight reflecting the severity of the disability. This weight varies between 0 (no burden) and 1 (mortality). The YLL are computed as the number of years that death occurs earlier than expected. The expected number of life years is often set equal to the statistical life expectancy at birth or to the remaining years that a person of a certain age may be expected to live on average. One DALY represents the loss of one year in full health.
The burden of risk factors such as smoking or alcohol is traditionally expressed in terms of relative risks or attributable risk fractions for a specific disease. The use of summary measures has the advantage that the association with total instead of a specific disease burden is estimated. Therefore, risk factors with small effects on several diseases might be more easily identified as important for public health. Summary measures will also help estimating the overall effect of risk factors that may have opposing effects on different diseases.
So far, DALYs were mainly calculated on a population level based on statistical population data on disease incidence and mortality, but not prospectively associated with risk factors. Real-life follow-up data enables us using observed instead of modeled data with regard to risk factors, incidence and mortality event rates and confounding factors. This allows us to investigate relations of detailed risk factor information with overall disease burden. We introduce the method of DALY computation based on individual data from an ongoing follow-up study to estimate the association between risk factors and total disease burden using DALYs. Our aim is to address some methodological issues related to the computation of DALYs in real-life follow-up data from a left- and right- truncated cohort. We use the estimated number of DALYs for smoking as an example.
We calculated DALYs for each individual in the cohort based on the YLD and YLL. Important parameters for the calculation of YLD and YLL are: disability weight of a disease, time of onset (duration) of a disease, time of death and expected time of death. The details of the calculation method including the ascertainment of the disease endpoints, calculation of the life expectancy and the analysis in relation to smoking status are presented.
The DALYs were computed for 33,507 participants of the Dutch part of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-NL) study [11]. All participants provided written informed consent before study inclusion. The study complies with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the institutional board of the University Medical Center Utrecht (Prospect) and the Medical Ethical Committee of TNO Nutrition and Food Research (MORGEN). More details about the EPIC-NL cohort are available as supporting information (EPIC-NL description S1).
Participants were followed for mortality and morbidity through linkage with several registries. Information on vital status and the date of death was obtained through linkage with municipal registries. The cause of death was obtained from Statistics Netherlands. Information on cancer occurrence was obtained from the National Cancer Registry. Other disease occurrence (Coronary Heart Disease, Cerebrovascular Accident, Diabetes Mellitus, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Asthma, Parkinson's disease, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Osteoarthritis, and Inflammatory Bowel Disease) was obtained from the national hospital discharge diagnosis database from the Dutch National Medical Registry and self-report. Additional information is available as supporting information (EPIC-NL description S1). Follow-up was complete until 31 December 2007.
Years Lost due to Disability (YLD)
YLD are the number of years lived with a disability multiplied with a disability weight reflecting the severity of the disability. These weights were derived from the Dutch Disability Weight study and can range from 0 (no loss) to 1 (death) [10], [12]. For example, Diabetes Mellitus has a disability weight of 0.20. One year lived with Diabetes Mellitus is thus equal to a loss of 0.20 year [10] (2.4 months) of good health; and 5 years lived with Diabetes Mellitus equals a loss of 1 year of healthy life. Years lived with disability were calculated from date of diagnosis of a disease until date of death (figure 1) or, if a person is still alive at the truncation of follow-up (December 2007) or lost to follow-up before truncation date (for 1.9% of the total cohort), until the end of estimated life expectancy (figure 2).
Abbreviations: YLD, Years Lost due to Disability; YLL, Years of Life Lost; DALY, Disability-Adjusted Life Year. The disability weights are 0.20 for Diabetes and 1 for death.
Abbreviations: CVA, Cerebrovascular Accident; YLD, Years Lost due to Disability; YLL, Years of Life Lost; DALY, Disability-Adjusted Life Year. The disability weights are as follows; 0.20 for Diabetes, 0.61 for CVA and 1 for death.
For some types of cancer that were registered within EPIC-NL, disability weights were not available from the Dutch Disability Weight study [12]. The disability weights for thyroid-, brain- and bone cancer were based on weights that were derived within the Australian burden of disease study [13]. Other cancer types were assigned the same disability weight as a type of cancer with assumed comparable severity by the authors including a cancer epidemiologist and a quality of life expert (see Table S1).
Some EPIC-NL participants (n = 1,080) developed multiple diseases (comorbidity). No disability weights are available for years lived with multiple diseases. We used a multiplicative method to estimate weights for comorbid conditions which is in line with the method used in the Global Burden of Disease calculation [14], [15].
Years of Life Lost (YLL)
YLL are defined as the number of years that death occurred earlier than the age the person was expected to die if he/she had not suffered from the disorder causing death. For example, an individual with a life expectancy until 2035 who dies in 2005 loses 30 years of life due to premature death (figure 1).
The life expectancy of a person can be calculated in several ways. Basically, the estimated life expectancy depends on two factors, i.e. attained age and calendar year in which this age is attained. Younger people have longer life expectancies than elderly, but life expectancy also changed over past calendar years, i.e. life expectancy is higher for later calendar years. Both, age and reference calendar year may be assumed to be either constant or variable, i.e. the same for each individual or depending on the individual. Combining age (constant or variable) and reference year (constant or variable) resulting in four combinations as basis for the life expectancy calculation. We chose a logical constant and variable value for age and for reference year.
- Method 1: life expectancy estimated at the calendar year of birth (so: age is constant ( = 0), and the reference calendar year is variable, i.e. the individuals birth year).
- Method 2: life expectancy estimated at the average age of the population at start of the observation (age is constant (49), and reference calendar year is constant (study entry, 1995). This results in a fixed life expectancy of 77.33 years and 82.51 years for men and women respectively.
- Method 3: life expectancy estimated at attained age (of death or end of follow-up if alive) and the reference calendar year is year of study entry (age is variable, and reference calendar year is constant, 1995).
- Method 4: life expectancy estimated at attained age (of death or end of follow-up if alive) and the reference calendar year of death or end of follow-up if alive (age is variable and reference calendar year is variable i.e. for deceased individuals calendar year of death and for alive subjects 2007).
We compared these four methods using gender specific mortality rates from Statistics Netherlands [16]. Life expectancies for birth year were only available from 1950 onwards. Therefore, participants born before 1950 were assigned the same life expectancy as participants born in 1950 (method 1). Participants who are still alive beyond their estimated life expectancy will not obtain DALYs for the period they lived longer than their estimated life expectancy (method 1 and 2).
Statistical Analysis
The use of DALYs as a continuous outcome of disease burden is illustrated for current- and former-smokers compared to never-smokers (reference) as defined at baseline. Due to the large number of healthy participants with 0 DALYs at the end of follow-up the outcome was not normally distributed, i.e. a peak at 0 and a normal distribution in participants with DALYs>0. Therefore, we used a two-part model [17] to estimate the relationship between smoking status and DALYs. A two-part model combines the probability of DALYs estimated using logistic regression with the number of DALYs per smoking category among participants with DALYs estimated using linear regression. Confidence intervals were constructed with bootstrapping. The relationships were adjusted for age, sex, BMI, physical activity, education, ethanol and energy intake (all measured at recruitment).
We conducted additional analyses stratifying for sex and two age categories (age at cohort entrance: <50, ≥50). To evaluate the effect of extending follow-up time we conducted additional analyses to calculate DALYs for different follow-up periods, until 2001 (average 6.4 years of follow-up), 2003 (average of 8.4 years) and 2005 (average of 10.4 years). Furthermore, DALYs were computed for specific diseases to assess which disease causes the highest attributable disease burden. For these comparisons we chose to use method 4 to estimate the life expectancy, because we believe this method is the most realistic one in the sense that it measures health losses as they actually occur.
All statistical analyses were conducted using SAS 9.2 (SAS Institute, Cary, US).
The mean follow-up of the 33,507 EPIC-NL participants was 12.4 years, 6,741 participants were identified with a non-fatal disease of interest and 1,504 died during this follow-up period. The total disease burden for the entire follow-up period was 69,245 DALYs; 40,861 (59%) healthy years were lost due to disability (YLD) and 28,384 (41%) years were lost due to premature death (YLL) (table 1). Cancer (26,363 DALYs), Coronary Heart Disease (12,896 DALYs) and Osteoarthritis (7,491 DALYs) caused most disease burden.
Table 2 shows the characteristics for smokers (2.60 DALYs), former-smokers (1.98 DALYs) and never-smokers (1.71 DALYs) of the EPIC-NL cohort. After multivariable adjustment former-smokers on average have 0.22 DALY (regression coefficient) (95%CI: 0.10, 0.34) and current-smokers 1.28 DALYs (95%CI: 1.10, 1.46) equaling a mean loss of 1 year and 3 months of healthy life for smokers (during 12 years in people on average 49 years old when reporting smoking status) compared to never-smokers (table 3, method 4). The association of current smoking with health was somewhat smaller when life expectancy was estimated according to the methods 1–3∶0.66 (95%CI: 0.56, 0.76) for method 1; 1.11 (95%CI: 0.96, 1.27) for method 2; and 1.25 (95%CI: 1.08, 1.43) for method 3.
In sensitivity analyses, longer follow-up periods show larger effects for smoking: at the end of follow-up in 2001 (mean follow-up time: 6.4 years) smokers lost 8 months of healthy life (0.70 DALY) while this was 1 year and 3 months (1.28 DALYs) at the end of follow-up in 2007 (mean follow-up time: 12.4 years) (table 4). Stratified analyses showed that the number of DALYs for smokers compared to never-smokers were highest in the participants aged ≥50 years. Male smokers lost more healthy years (1.50 DALYs) than female smokers (1.12 DALYs) compared to male and female never-smokers. Compared to never-smokers current-smokers lost most healthy years due to Coronary Heart Disease, cancer, Cerebrovascular Accident, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, which thus drive the association of smoking status with DALYs.
This paper presents several methodological issues related to the computation of DALYs in an on-going follow-up study. We show that the method of life expectancy calculation i.e. based on which age and which calendar year, drive the DALY estimates. In addition, length of follow-up is another important factor in the calculation of the total disease burden, with longer follow-up (i.e. larger extinction of the cohort) leading to larger effect sizes. We observed that during a period of 12 years -in an on average 49 years old population- smokers lost 1.28 healthy years of their life (1.28 DALYs) compared to never-smokers.
We compared four different methods to calculate life expectancy. The methods resulted in different estimations for the absolute number of DALYs, but an association between smoking status and DALYs was clear for all methods.
Method 1 in which age is constant (0) and the reference calendar year is variable (birth year) has the disadvantage that people who die at the same age from the same disease and who are equally exposed to the same risk factor but who are born in different years are assigned a different number of years lost. Consequently, the effect assigned to the risk factor depends on the birth years of the participants in a cohort. For example, in a young cohort (born later) the impact of risk factors increase. Persons who live beyond their life expectancy (as well as with method 2) obtain zero DALYs for the period after their life expectancy. The period someone lives beyond the life expectancy could also be seen as health gain (negative DALYs). When including negative DALYs in the analysis this only slightly changes the results for the association with smoking status (data not shown). Method 2, in which age and reference calendar year are constant, has a constant but arbitrary life expectancy for all individuals, possibly stratified by sex. The advantage is that persons who die at the same age lose the same number of life years and studies can be compared based on the same endpoint. However it is hard to imagine that researchers would chose an arbitrary life expectancy which has no plausible link to the participants in their cohort.
Method 3 in which age is variable (age at death) and the reference calendar year is constant (1995) has the disadvantage that the reference year is arbitrary. Furthermore, the effect of a risk factor is underestimated. Consider two people born in the same year but one dying early due to being exposed to a risk factor. The person dying later could lose almost as much life years (YLL) because relative life expectancies increase with age.
Method 4 in which both age (age of death) and reference year (year of death) are variable has the disadvantages of both method 1 and 3 but it is the most accurate in the amount of life years a person actually loses when he dies.
We propose to calculate the remaining life expectancy at time of death or when alive, at end of follow-up (method 4) because it is the most realistic method in the sense that the years of life lost for an individual are the best estimate at the time of his death or end of follow-up. Moreover, the differences between the methods turned out small, so it seems not to matter too much which method is used.
The number of DALYs for smokers is lower than several estimates previously reported [18], [19]. Several issues should be taken into consideration. First, not all relevant diseases were incorporated in our analysis, and for other major diseases only severe cases resulting in hospitalization were included. In addition, the registered date of onset of disease (date of hospital discharge) is likely to be later than the true date of onset when the disease started to contribute to disease burden. However, we did include those diseases that are most strongly associated with smoking.
Another important point is that incidence data are not complete due to the truncated nature of the ongoing cohort study. For a complete view of any effect the ideal cohort for these calculations would be the follow-up of a birth cohort until extinction. In such a study population, DALYs before baseline and after the end of follow-up are directly observed. We did not have access to an extinct birth cohort, so we had to make assumptions with regard to the YLD and YLL calculation of participants still alive at the end of follow-up. YLL for subjects still alive at end of follow-up was set at zero, assuming subjects all live until the estimated date of their life expectancy. If they were healthy at the end of follow-up they are treated as remaining healthy until their expected age of death. However, these people likely will also develop a disease before dying, so underestimating numbers of DALYs. For those participants who got a disease during follow-up (before December 2007) the YLD was calculated assuming they reach the estimated life expectancy, i.e. a date after 2007. Unfortunately there were no life tables available for specific patient groups therefore we used the same life table for all participants. In reality, participants alive at the end of follow-up may die before reaching their expected time of death, and those with a disability are more likely to die earlier, but since these premature deaths are not yet observed they were not included in the calculation. Presumably, as demonstrated in our sensitivity analysis, longer follow-up will increase the number of DALYs. The longer the follow-up period, ideally until extinction of the cohort, the greater the accuracy of the calculated association between smoking status and DALYs. The current reported loss for smokers ignores loss before study entry, refers to an observation period of only 12.4 years, underestimates DALYs due to hospital discharge dates instead of earlier incidence dates, and assumes for persons alive at end of follow-up, with or without disease, that they will live until estimated life expectancy.
We excluded participants with prevalent disease possibly related to smoking behavior at baseline. Altogether, in this relatively young and healthy cohort most participants survived more than 12 years of follow-up. Consequently, smokers who were still healthy after 12.4 years have as much DALYs as healthy never-smokers who were still healthy at the end of follow-up whereas the smokers probably will develop more disease later on and die earlier after truncation.
In conclusion, we present a methodology to calculate DALYs from real-life data. This summary outcome measure can be used to assess the prospective relationship between a determinant such as smoking status and disease burden in a cohort study. DALYs have the advantage that risk factors with small effects on many diseases can be more easily identified and the overall effect of risk factors that may have opposing impacts on different diseases can be estimated. The outcome is sensitive to two factors, the assumption used for computing the life expectancy and the follow-up time that determines the number of deaths and survivors at the end of this time. The longer the follow-up, the completer the outcome picture approaches the ultimate outcome. We believe that the use of DALYs in a prospective cohort is an appropriate way to explore the association between different lifestyle determinants and total disease burden.
Supporting Information
Table S1.
Disability weights for different cancer types.
EPIC-NL description S1.
We thank the National Cancer registry, Statistic Netherlands and the PHARMO Institute for data on cancer incidence, cause of mortality and incidence of several chronic diseases. Furthermore, we would like to thank Hendriek Boshuizen for her contribution to the data analysis.
Author Contributions
Analyzed the data: EAS. Wrote the paper: EAS. Conducted the statistical analyses: EAS. Drafted the manuscript: EAS. Supervised data analysis: AMM JWJB PHMP. Provided critical review of the manuscript: GAW JMAB NCO-M JH YTS HBB-M AMM JWJB PHMP. Shared responsibility for data collection: JWJB HBB-M PHMP.
- 1.
Vaartjes I, van Dis I, Visseren FLJ, Bots ML(2011) Hart- en vaatziekten in Nederland 2011, cijfers over leefstijl- en risicofactoren, ziekte en sterfte. Den Haag, Hartstichting.
- 2.
Signaleringscommissie Kanker van KWF Kankerbestrijding (2011) Kanker in Nederland tot 2020; Trends en prognoses. Amsterdam, KWF kankerbestrijding.
- 3. Murray CJ (1994) Quantifying the burden of disease: the technical basis for disability-adjusted life years. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 72: 429–445.
- 4.
World Bank (1993) World Development Report 1993: Investing in health – world development indicators. New York, Oxford University Press.
- 5. Murray CJ, Lopez AD, Jamison DT (1994) The global burden of disease in 1990: summary results, sensitivity analysis and future directions. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 72: 495–509.
- 6. Murray CJ, Ezzati M, Flaxman AD, Lim S, Lozano R, et al. (2012) GBD 2010: design, definitions, and metrics. Lancet 380: 2063–2066. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61899-6
- 7. Lim SS, Vos T, Flaxman AD, Danaei G, Shibuya K, et al. (2012) A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 380: 2224–2260.
- 8.
Hoekstra J, Hart A, Boobis A, Claupein E, Cockburn A, et al.. (2012) BRAFO tiered approach for benefit-risk assessment of foods. Food Chem Toxicol doi:10.1016/j.fct.2010.05.049.
- 9. Tijhuis MJ, de Jong N, Pohjola MV, Gunnlaugsdóttir H, Hendriksen M, et al. (2012) State of the art in benefit-risk analysis: Food and nutrition. Food Chem Toxicol 50: 5–25. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.06.010
- 10. Melse JM, Essink-Bot ML, Kramers PG, Hoeymans N (2000) A national burden of disease calculation: Dutch disability-adjusted life-years. Dutch Burden of Disease Group. Am J Public Health 90: 1241–1247. doi: 10.2105/ajph.90.8.1241
- 11. Beulens JWJ, Monninkhof EM, Verschuren WM, van der Schouw YT, Smit J, et al. (2010) Cohort profile: the EPIC-NL study. Int J Epidemiol 39: 1170–1178. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyp217
- 12. Stouthard MEA, Essink-Bot ML, Bonsel GJ (2000) Disability weights for diseases: A modified protocol and results for a western population. Eur J Public Health 10: 24–30. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/10.1.24
- 13.
Victorian Burden of Disease Study (1999) Morbidity. Public health division. Melbourne Victoria.
- 14. Van Baal PH, Hoeymans N, Hoogenveen RT, De Wit GA, Westert GP (2006) Disability weights for comorbidity and their influence on health-adjusted life expectancy. Popul Health Metr 4: 1. doi: 10.1186/1478-7954-4-1
- 15. Vos T, Flaxman AD, Naghavi M, Lozano R, Michaud C, et al. (2012) Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 380: 2163–2196.
- 16.
Statistics Netherlands: Levensverwachting; geslacht en leeftijd, vanaf 1950 (per jaar): Available: http://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/publication/?VW=T&DM=SLNL&PA=37360ned&D1=a&D2=a&D3=0-1,11,21,31,41,51,66&D4=0,10,20,30,40,50,56-l&HD=120427-1726&HDR=G1,T&STB=G2,G3).Accessed: 2012 May 1.
- 17. Duan N, Manning WG, Morris CN, Newhouse JP (1983) A comparison of alternative models for the demand for medical care. J Bus Econ Stat (1) 115–126. doi: 10.1080/07350015.1983.10509330
- 18. van Baal PHM, Hoogenveen RT, de Wit GA, Boshuizen HC (2006) Estimating health-adjusted life expectancy conditional on risk factors: results for smoking and obesity. Popul Health Metr 4: 14. doi: 10.1186/1478-7954-4-14
- 19. Streppel MT, Boshuizen HC, Ocké MC, Kok FJ, Kromhout D (2007) Mortality and life expectancy in relation to long-term cigarette, cigar and pipe smoking: the Zutphen Study. Tob control 16: 107–113. doi: 10.1136/tc.2006.017715


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I'm trying to insert unique values into a table from a View. I have a table as below: the "fromView" has no unique constraint in passport
id | passport | name | surname | address
1 44543 John Smith xxxxx
2 10001 Mike Thomps avasfa
3 10001 Mike Thomps avasfa
4 10001 Mike Thomps avasfa
5 14221 Robert Martinez lkjij3
my "toTable" has the same data structure but with a unique constraint in passport column.
my insert query is this:
INSERT into toTable (id, passport, name, surname, address)
SELECT (id, passport, name, surname, address)
FROM fromView a
WHERE passport IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT *
FROM toTable b
WHERE b.passport = a.passport)
but this give me the error below:
Cannot insert duplicate key row in object 'toTable' with unique index 'toTable_Passport_Unique'.
So, I Don't know how to insert unique values into my table. Thanks in advance


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Write a review and help others make a better decision about their treatment.
We have all the information you need about public and private dermatology clinics that provide acne treatment in Abu Dhabi. Compare all the dermatology clinics and contact the dermatologist in Abu Dhabi who's right for you.
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We were had an appointment with a dental doctor in IBN Nafees clinic. We came on time of our appointment on 7:45 pm we were waiting until the patient before us finish , then the nurse came out to till us can you wait more than 15 to 20 min because we want to take patient before you we say okay, then after the 20 min , the patient come out and second patient go to the doctor before us, we respect same time because there is emergency, but not both of them was an emergency. The doctor doesn't respect patient and the appointments , even when we get upset and complain, then we left. Nobody bother themselves to call and apologise for what happened. I don't recommend this clinic, they don't have patient respect . The successful doctor is one who respects patient and respects appointment, this is how to be a good doctor. And really is very upset you go on your time and sit waiting long time.
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Joe Zombie
Joe Zombie is on the loose and he's killing and eating everyone in site!
From Guitar Hero to Black Friday, Shamoozal's got it covered!
Foamy Fanmail
Foamy the squirrel gets a lot of fanmail and he's sick of it!
best create for minecraft skin
best creator ever
Very good when other skin editors don't want to work :P
The fact that there are pre-made textures (glasses etc) is a life saver. Sometimes you just need help with getting that right jacket or whatever. Oh and thank you for adding the jacket layers! So nice.
Btw, I'd like to point out to Crowtheguy and Bannannakiler111 that you can get lighter or darker colors by using the slider under the picked color. :)
One issue that guy below me that the colors are limited, and this is a real game for those who wanna make a nice skin!!! Easy And Simple


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Greensboro Cultural Center &
Price Bryan Performance Place at LeBauer Park
The Greensboro Cultural Center, located at 200 N. Davie St., is a Greensboro Parks and Recreation facility. The facility provides four levels of galleries, studios, classrooms, and rehearsal spaces designed to stimulate the mind and excite the senses. The Cultural Center is located in the heart of the Cultural District in downtown Greensboro.
For more information, contact:
Barbara McKenzie
200 N. Davie St., Box 3, Suite 208
Greensboro, NC 27401
336-373-2712 dial option 1
Greensboro Cultural Center is your destination for Arts Summer Camps. Learn more today!
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Find out about Italian Easter traditions and Easter celebrations in Italy. Easter is celebrated in Italy with processions, religious festivals, and special dinners. Easter Monday is also a holiday in Italy.
|Scooped by Dagmar Sporck
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Painted in Brushes on my iPhone with some postprocessing in Photoshop. Blog post: http://bencrowder.net/blog/2012/04/teddy-sphinx
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Did you know they called vintage jewely boxes "caskets"?
Vintage gold tone metal floral decorated jewelry casket is signed Japan. In very good condition.
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The immune system protects the body from potentially harmful substances. The inflammatory response (inflammation) is part of innate immunity. It occurs when tissues are injured by bacteria, trauma, toxins, heat or any other cause.
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|Message view
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|"Yonik Seeley" <yo...@apache.org>
|Re: request for comments, 626
|Thu, 15 Feb 2007 19:52:51 GMT
I looked at it briefly and said to myself: "Wow, cool! I'll have to check that out some day." :-) Just a friendly reminder that lack of comments != lack of interest. Perhaps a little more description of how things work, esp the adaptive part, might elicit some feedback (and if it's in the mailing list already, put a pointer to it in the JIRA bug) -Yonik On 2/15/07, karl wettin <firstname.lastname@example.com> wrote: > https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/LUCENE-626 > > Did anyone try out or took a look at my redesign of the spell > checker? I'd love some feedback. --------------------------------------------------------------------- To unsubscribe, e-mail: email@example.com For additional commands, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
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We asked what you and your friends think you deserve when interacting online, and you told us loud and clear. Now we're taking it to the next level. We've included your top five below, but this is just the beginning. Contribute your own, share your favorites, and add your name to the Digital Rights Project now!
Show the world your support for the MTV Digital Rights Project by adding your name.
Have an idea for a digital right that should be included in the list below?Submit Your Digital Right
Have the self-respect to say no to the people trying to get you to do things that you are not comfortable with. No matter who for.
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Not only block a number from calling but texting you as well.
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to be able to de-friend anyone who bullies you or makes you feel uncomfortable.
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keep people from criticizing my religion, you have yours i have minee. im doing me.. you can do you however but keep me and my lifee out.
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To live MY life the way I want to.
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be myself, fearlessly, and let others do the same.
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Be myself without feeling pressured or bullied.
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Keep the drama off the Internet
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Have the right to call out bullying online when when I see it..
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when a man ejaculates in a womans hand and then procedes to urinate on the woman and the woman rubs the semen into their hair and use it as shampoo, then wash it away with the mans urine.
nate gave bubba a warm shower.
by Cory Jensen January 15, 2007
Trending Now
Top Definition
Device that men use to wack off while at thier in-laws house
i masturbate so much in the shower when it rains i get a hard on
by get the fuck out of my grill February 24, 2005
A great place to jerk off when your a teenager and have little privacy.
Man i have a throbbing erection and i really need somewhere to explode my load! Hmmmm the house if full of people....
"I'm taking a shower!"
Alright party time! fap fap fap fap fap fap fap fap fap stiffled groan
"I'm taking a shower!"
Alright party time! fap fap fap fap fap fap fap fap fap stiffled groan
by Callum69 May 11, 2009
An excuse to cover up masturbation
KID: Not now mom! im taking a shower!
KID: Not now mom! im taking a shower!
by Dude2012789 February 26, 2008
A penis that doesn't grow much during an erection.
See also: grower
See also: grower
My penis is a shower.
by Ross W December 14, 2003
Similar to sex. You take your clothes off, get your dick nice and wet, massage it till its nice and warm, and ejaculate your sperm thinking sexual things.
Tom took a shower today whilst thinking of a hot girl from school, the bathroom was filled with the sound of fapping for a minute, followed by a moan of pleasure as Tom jizzed all over himself.
by Tomfaptom July 12, 2009
When a man already already has a big penis when flaccid, but when they have an erection it doesn't grow much larger.See grower
I know a man who is a shower, and his wife loves it.
by Jason Savage January 05, 2007
The place where you can't tell the difference between water and tears.
My fiance broke up with me, so I went to take a shower.
by RAINFALL September 28, 2012


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"Wherever we are, we deliver a message of thanks to troops far from home and those here at home." Sloan Gibson, President of the USO
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Anne Cosper always wanted to volunteer at the USO. So when her daughter, who currently serves in the U.S. Army, was reassigned to Fort Hood – only an hour drive from her Georgetown, Texas, home – she decided it was the perfect opportunity to get involved at the USO center on base.


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OCZ Vector 256GB SSD Review7 CommentsPosted by Allan 'Zardon' Campbell on November 27, 2012 under Highlights V, SSD DrivesTwo years ago a Solid State Drive was a pricy piece of hardware set aside for the elite, wealthy enthusiast user. This year has seen prices drop significantly, and the technology has finally made ... more.
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EMOTIONAL DAY AS BRYANT RETURNS NBA columnist Mark Heisler
NBA columnist Mark Heisler writes that there will be lots of emotions for Lakers fans today when Kobe Bryant returns to the court after his recovery from a torn left Achilles' tendon. Sports 3
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List all words starting with chips
Only the word chips was found, nothing longer.
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When it first arrived on the scene in 2007 the Jaguar XF made quite a statement about where Jaguar was heading. Looking like nothing that had come before it, the XF was a breath of fresh air and a welcome addition to the executive car market. However, the Audi A6, Mercedes E-Class and BMW 5-Series were never going to make life easy for the newcomer, and now an all-new XF is here to reassert itself on the battlefield.
Jaguar has listened to criticism of the previous version and made improvements where potential buyers thought they were necessary. As a result, running costs have decreased, there's more technology in a better-built, more spacious interior, plus a more engaging driving experience than before. The sleek, assertive lines and athletic stance have been carried over from before but have been sharpened up with influences from the smaller Jaguar XE.
Traditionally the interiors of cars in this class were sober, dour affairs and the interior of the old XF injected a much-needed dose of excitement. Heightening the sense of drama, and thankfully carried over to the new car, are the automatic gear selector and air vents that rise and turn theatrically into action when the car is started. Also welcome is an increase in interior space thanks to the car's longer wheelbase (distance between the front and rear wheels), despite the new car being shorter overall than the outgoing model.
A large proportion of Jaguar XF sales is to company-car fleets where running costs are of paramount importance, with CO2 emissions being a particular concern. Jaguar have fought to please this market by reducing the average weight of an XF by 80kg while introducing a range of new 'Ingenium' diesel engines. All this means that the least expensive, 161bhp 2.0-litre diesel XF has CO2 emissions of just 104g/km.
Of its main rivals, only the brand-new 2.0-litre diesel of the latest Mercedes E-Class can beat this and even then, it'll cost the same to run with a Benefit-in-Kind (BiK) company-car tax rating of just 20%. Meanwhile, private buyers will appreciate the 70mpg economy and £20 tax bill.
Other diesel choices for those who want a little more power are a 178bhp version of the 2.0-litre diesel and a 3.0-litre diesel V6 with 296bhp.
The range-topping XF S shares its 375bhp supercharged V6 3.0-litre petrol engine with the Jaguar F-Type sports car. Capable of racing from 0-62mph in just 5.3 seconds, the performance of this car is bound to whet the appetite of anybody waiting for the XF-R model expected to arrive soon, which is expected to have a 5.0-litre supercharged V8 petrol engine.
Every XF has a good level of standard equipment; even the entry-level Prestige model has leather upholstery with heated front seats, while interior mood lighting enhances the appearance of the interior. Also standard is Jaguar's InControl infotainment system with its eight-inch touchscreen, including satnav, DAB radio, Bluetooth, wi-fi connectivity and voice-control. Life on the road is made more comfortable by dual-zone climate control, cruise control, rear parking sensors and automatic headlights and wipers.
Opting for the dynamically-styled R-Sport makes the XF look more muscular thanks to a deeper spoiler, sill extensions and a spoiler on the bootlid, as well as larger alloy wheels for all models apart from the 161bhp diesel. R-Sport also adds front parking sensors. The most luxurious XF of all is the Portfolio, which adds a softer variety of leather upholstery and extra lumbar support adjustment for the seats. You also get plush carpets and distinctive chrome trim inside and out.
The XF was awarded a five-star rating after Euro NCAP crash testing performed in 2015, improving on the result of the previous model. Aside from all the obligatory airbags and stability control equipment, the XF also boasts autonomous emergency braking which can bring the car to a halt automatically if it detects an impending collision, as well as emergency braking assistance which helps the driver to brake hard if it senses a heavy brake pedal application.
The latest XF is still too new to have featured in our annual Driver Power customer satisfaction survey but we do know that Jaguar has earned a great reputation among owners, having not fallen below sixth place over recent years.
Overall, the XF stacks up as a car that should be as good to own as it is to look at.


text:
Check Availability(205) 690-5760(888) 630-1148(205) 419-8121
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- Microwave
- Oversized Closets
- Some Paid Utilities
- Vaulted Ceilings
- Washer & Dryer Connections
- Washer & Dryer In Unit
- Garbage Disposal
- Patio
Special Features
- Pets
- Dogs Allowed
- Cats Allowed
- Maximum of 2 pets per apartment * Cats accepted * Dogs accepted * $225 Non-Refundable Pet Fee first pet and $150 for second pet * $15 Pet Rent per month per pet * Restricted Breeds: * German Shepherd and Shepherd Mixes Anatolian Shepherd American Pit Bull Terrier Staffordshire Bull Terrier American Staffordshire Terrier Rottweiler and Rott Mixes Bullmastiff Akita Chow Chow and Chow Mixes Wolf-Dogs and Wolf Hybrids Doberman (full) AiredaleListed above are dogs considered to have aggressive tend Pets Accepted
Community Features
- Accepts Credit Card Payments
- Accepts Electronic Payments
- Business Center
- Clubhouse
- Emergency Maintenance
- Extra Storage
- Fitness Center
- Garage
- High Speed Internet Access
- Laundry Facility
- Pet Park
- Playground
- Swimming Pool
- Tennis Court(s)
- Wireless Internet Access
- On Site Management
- Pet Friendly
Additional Features
- Full Size W/D Connections
- Crown Molding
- 1st Floor
- Dog Park
- Car Wash Center
- Vaulted Ceiling
- Grilling Station
- Professional Landscaping
- Spacious Floor plans
- Pool Views
- Hardwood Style Flooring
- Large Picture Windows
- Pantry in Kitchen
- Street Level Entries
- Oversized Master Bedrooms
- Breakfast Bars
- 9 Foot Ceilings
Ratings & Reviews
30 Reviews for Landmark at Lancaster Place
Sort by:
I love the space and the design of my home. I would recommend this area to anyone who is looking for a spacious place to live. the amenities are good.
Nice clean and comfortable. Apartment well insulated and very quite. Couple of problems Car going way too fast in the complex and cigarette burns in carpet before I moved in, but I can live with it.
Really enjoy staying here. Everyone is friendly and the staff is AWESOME
Great Neighbors, Great Staff, Great Environment
That is a great community, Its always clean and relatively quiet.
What is a Certified Resident?
A resident who lives at the property and has completed a resident satisfaction survey.
Advertising properties provide a list of email addresses of its residents to Kingsley Associates, a third party market research firm, who then sends out the satisfaction survey to the residents. Properties may also conduct satisfaction surveys of its residents through other third party market research firms. In those cases, we will publish those survey responses as long as the questions conform to our standard survey format.
Because reviews are from Certified Residents, and are managed by a third party, you can feel confident that the feedback provided is accurate and trustworthy.
General Directions
From I-65 exit 231. North on Highway 31 (towards Walmart) Travel 1.5 miles to highway 70. Turn right at Publix shopping center, property is one mile on the left.


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Using CloudWatch Events
Amazon CloudWatch Events delivers a near real-time stream of system events that describe changes in Amazon Web Services (AWS) resources to AWS Lambda functions, Amazon SNS topics, Amazon SQS queues, streams in Amazon Kinesis Streams, or built-in targets. Using simple rules that you can quickly set up, you can match events and route them to one or more target functions or streams. CloudWatch Events becomes aware of operational changes as they occur. CloudWatch Events responds to these operational changes and takes corrective action as necessary, by sending messages to respond to the environment, activating functions, making changes, and capturing state information.
CloudWatch Events Components
The three main components of CloudWatch Events are events, rules, and targets:
Events—are generated in four ways. First, they are emitted by AWS when resources change state. For example, an event is generated when the state of an Amazon EC2 instance changes from pending to running or when Auto Scaling launches or terminates instances in your Auto Scaling group. Second, events are emitted by AWS CloudTrail when you make a read/write API call, or sign in to the AWS Management Console. Third, your own code can generate application-level events and publish them to CloudWatch Events for processing. Fourth, they can be issued on a scheduled basis, with options for periodic or cron-style scheduling.
Rules—match incoming events and route them to one or more targets for processing. Rules are not processed in any particular order. This allows different parts of a single organization to independently look for and process events that are of interest.
Targets—are specified in rules and receive matching events. Targets include AWS Lambda functions, Amazon SNS topics, Amazon SQS queues, streams in Amazon Kinesis Streams, or built-in targets (CloudWatch alarm actions). A single rule can specify multiple targets, all of which are processed in parallel. Each event is passed to each target in JSON form. A rule can customize the JSON that flows to the target, by passing only certain part of an event to the target, or overwriting the matched event with a constant. Some target types might not be available in every region. For more information about the endpoints that represent each region, see Regions and Endpoints in the Amazon Web Services General Reference.
Amazon CloudWatch Events Prerequisites
Amazon CloudWatch Events has the following prerequisites:
User accounts—Although you can use your root account, we recommend that you use an AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) account. If you're using an IAM account, you must have "events:*" and "iam:PassRole" permissions:
{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Action": [ "events:*", "iam:PassRole" ], "Effect": "Allow", "Resource": "*" } ] }
AWS CloudTrail logging—If you want to log AWS API calls in CloudWatch Events, you must turn on AWS CloudTrail. For more information, see Turning on CloudTrail in Additional Accounts in the AWS CloudTrail User Guide.
AWS Security Token Service (AWS STS)—Regional endpoints must be enabled (the default) in order to use Amazon CloudWatch Events. For more information, see Activating and Deactivating AWS STS in an AWS Region in the IAM User Guide.
- Getting Started with Amazon CloudWatch Events
- Schedule Expression Syntax for Rules
- Events and Event Patterns
- Adding Events with PutEvents
- Calculating PutEvents Event Entry Sizes
- Controlling User Access to Rules and Events
- Permissions for Sending Events to Targets
- Supported Event Types
- Troubleshooting CloudWatch Events


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|Message view
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|DO NOT REPLY [Bug 19843] - shell problems when building Cocoon on Linux
|Fri, 16 May 2003 10:40:20 GMT
DO NOT REPLY TO THIS EMAIL, BUT PLEASE POST YOUR BUG RELATED COMMENTS THROUGH THE WEB INTERFACE AVAILABLE AT <http://nagoya.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=19843>. ANY REPLY MADE TO THIS MESSAGE WILL NOT BE COLLECTED AND INSERTED IN THE BUG DATABASE. http://nagoya.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=19843 shell problems when building Cocoon on Linux ------- Additional Comments From firstname.lastname@example.com 2003-05-16 10:40 ------- Strange. I today checked out HEAD using Eclipse 2.1 on Linux. In contrast to these two shell scripts ant and antRun in tools/bin/ do have execute permissions. Could that be a bug in Eclipse? (I reopened this bug because it was not fixed. Bugs should only be closed if they *are* fixed. Promises to fix them are nice of course.)
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text:
A new map of human cortex combines data from multiple imaging modalities and comprises 180 distinct regions.
Another Role for ApoE?
January 20, 2016|
Key Alzheimer's disease–related protein may be a transcriptional regulator.
January 20, 2016|
Key Alzheimer's disease–related protein may be a transcriptional regulator.
January 6, 2016|
Many patients with genetic variations linked to cardiac disorders do not exhibit any symptoms, raising concerns about the validity of incidental findings of genetic tests.
January 4, 2016|
Researchers develop new attenuated viruses that could support the eradication effort.
January 1, 2016|
A tour of efforts to automate the production and differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells
January 1, 2016|
Susan Lindquist has never shied away from letting her curiosity guide her research career.
January 1, 2016|
FDA designations promise to expedite the approval of drugs for conditions ranging from infectious disease to cancer.
January 1, 2016|
January 2016's selection of notable quotes
January 1, 2016|
Phage therapy to combat bacterial infections is garnering attention for the second time in 100 years, but solid clinical support for its widespread use is still lacking.
December 31, 2015|
A year's worth of noteworthy quotes
December 29, 2015|
A second fatal, transmissible cancer has been identified in the already endangered species.


text:
TAMPA — The Republican ticket visited Tampa on Tuesday to shore up two areas where they still trail in the presidential race: fundraising and standing among the Hispanic community. Don …
• Even though it probably feels like it can't get any hotter, high temperatures this week continue to rise into the mid-90s, with heat indices over 100 degrees. 10Weather WTSP reports there may be a few storms in the mid-afternoon hours, mostly inland.
Hillary Clinton made history Tuesday as the first woman nominated for president of the United States by a major political party, and her party immediately sought to humanize a nominee who is at once among America's best-known and least-known political figure.
LOS ANGELES — If Chris Archer was auditioning for the Dodgers – or the Pirates, Rangers or one of other contending teams shopping this week for a frontline starter – he put on an impressive show Tuesday night.
LOS ANGELES — Matt Moore has been in the Tampa Bay organization since 2007 and with the big-league team since 2011. The thought that tonight could be his last start for the Rays is not a comforting one.
WASHINGTON — U.S. intelligence agencies have told the White House they now have "high confidence" that the Russian government was behind the theft of emails and documents from the Democratic National Committee, the New York Times reported, speaking to federal officials who have been briefed on the …
Bernie Sanders made an unannounced visit to the Florida delegation breakfast, imploring Democrats to come together to defeat Donald Trump.
The Lightning avoided an arbitration hearing with center Vladislav Namestnikov, agreeing Tuesday on a two-year deal with a $1.9375 million annual cap hit.
PHILADELPHIA — Bernie Sanders loyalists protested inside and outside the Democratic National Convention site and clashed with police on Tuesday after Hillary Clinton won the party's presidential nomination.
LOS ANGELES — Acquired with the projection to be a key part of the lineup, OF Steven Souza Jr. has been reduced to a part-time player of late, out of the lineup Tuesday for the third time in the past seven games.
TAMPA — Shortly after he was drafted a year ago, Jameis Winston got some advice from defensive tackle Gerald McCoy: Just be a rookie and don't try to turn the franchise around by yourself in the first year.
The lone African American woman seeking Florida's U.S. Senate seat this year is accusing an Orlando TV station of "blatant racism and sexism" for its decision to exclude her from an upcoming Democratic primary debate....
UPDATE, 8:21: All the Rays mentioned in trade rumors were present and accounted for the in the clubhouse. ... Morrison said his forearm is feeling better and Cash said he expects him to play on Wednesday. ... Former Rays / current Dodgers baseball chief Andrew Friedman visited with some of the Rays early Tueday afternoon....
The Bucs will open training camp on Thursday with two key players held out of practice, as the team announced Tuesday that guard J.R. Sweezy and receiver Louis Murphy will start camp on the PUP (physically unable to perform) list....


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An Overview of What to Expect on a Trip to the Albena Resort.
With the encroaching civilizations and mountains of work and family duty, it has become even harder for humans to enjoy the most important things in their life. Nature and some time to themselves. It has become increasingly harder to find areas that are not polluted and those that offer services that ensure that you are able to make the most out of your trip. However, the Albena Resort in Bulgaria, is making its footprints in the tourism world and it is safe to say that they are quite significant. It features two of the most important aspects of any vacations and this is the great sun and magnificent clear blue beaches.
General information.
The Albena resort is one of the major Black Sea resorts that are located in the northeastern part of Bulgaria and is about 12 km from Balchik. To get to the resort, you can make your entrance through the Varna international airport which is about 30 km then make the rest of the way by road. You can rest assured that it is going to be quite a captivating and magnificent drive.
The resort is strategically located to ensure that its visitors are able to enjoy the full glare of the sun and at the same time have direct access to the beach at all times. This particular resorts boasts of a beachline that is 5km long and about 150m wide with fine and clean sand which makes it a great place not only to go for a swim but also ideal for a simple romantic walk.
Other than the direct access to the beach and the ability to give its visitors maximum sun hours, the Albena resort also has some pretty impressive features that are meant to ensure that the visitors are able to not only enjoy their stay but also be comfortable and make the most out of their visit. These features include spas and wellness centers as well as gyms and vast gardens that you can relax and enjoy the fine breeze.
Climate and surrounding.
The best features of the Albena resort have to be the climate and the picturesque surrounding. The resort is located in a very clean and ecological gulf with crystal clear and warm sea water that is quite calm. It is also a blue flag winning resort which makes it an ideal destination for those that appreciate nature and value what it has to offer.
The hottest months in Albena begin at the end of May where the temperature hits about 20 degrees and continue rising all the way to about 25 degrees at the peak of the summer which is in September. The coldest month is October and the temperatures around this month dangle between 15 and 16 degrees. On average, the resort experiences about 12 degrees which makes it a must visit destination almost year round because of the stable and warm climate.
While visiting most of the popular tourist destinations, one of the hardest things to get is a decent accommodation that is capable of meeting your standards and making your stay a flawless one. To ensure that you do not get any less, Albena has a couple of hotels in its resorts and the best part is, most of them are built and architecture in the same way to ensure that you regardless of where you are located, you are able to enjoy the same services and amenities.
Even though the resort is purpose built and its development started in the 1960s, it has been able to maintain its natural surroundings while at the same time investing in its own miniature infrastructure complete with little dedicated trains that are scheduled to circulate along the routes of the resort. This makes getting around the resort quite simple and less expensive.
To give its visitors plenty of diversity and variety, the resort features up to 43 hotels 1 campsite and 5 holiday villages to ensure that regardless of the kind of experience you are looking for, you are bound to find an accommodation to match.
Sports and activities.
If you are looking to sun bath and take a deep in the clear blue waters, then you would be severely underusing the services and activities that Albena has to offer. Among the rich array of activities that the resort has to offer include the water skiing, jets, bowling alleys, under water fishing, yachting, para sailing and so much more like horseback riding and even golfing.
There are also other forms of entertainment that visiting tourists can get to enjoy and especially the cultural children's fest, the coast of hope festival, the golden antenna festival of music and entertainment together with a variety of other symphony orchestras and other children's contests. There is a little bit of everything for people of all ages to enjoy while visiting the Albena resort.
For children, fun activities and places include the numerous amusement parks, water carting, mini-trains, fun fairs and even kid discos.
Restaurants, eateries and bars.
When you are touring, you would like to take your taste buds on a tour as well. While others might prefer to have their local cuisines in the areas that they are visiting, others would like to try out the different menus that their hosts have to offer. While visiting Albena, you do not have to worry about what you will eat. The resort offers a multitude of restaurants, taverns, cafes and fast foods joints that offer a variety of cuisines that include Indian, Bulgarian, Italian and even Chinese.
The resort also has a number of bars and nightclubs for some night life and adult of fun. Their alcohol variety is as deep as their cuisines and offer quite on the menu for the visitor to choose from.
Why Visit Albena?
Even though their deep plethora of variety and the fact that they have the sun and the beach which are the two most sort after aspects of nature might give you a good reason to visit this resort, there is one significant reason why this resort is a must visit. All the rooms in this resort not only have a full view of the sea but also the Baltata National Reserve which is a rare combination of the sea shore and the dense wet forest. In case you need further interpretation, this means you get a to-die for view, plenty of clean and fresh air with unlimited access to the beach.
If you are looking for the perfect place to go for your vacation, where you do not have to worry about your accommodation, with plenty of sports and activities, wide range of food and drinks not to mention a magnificent beach and unlimited sun, the Albena is the perfect place for you.


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The Logical Fallacies for Atheists Test
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text:
I have an image gallery that loads thumbnails dynamically using a php glob of images (jpegs) in a directory.
On one particular gallery, the thumbnails are loading with the header 'image/png' instead of 'image/jpeg' and showing up as 1x1 PNG images instead of the 370x370px full thumbnails they're supposed to be.
I have used the php gd library to generate the thumbnails and they work in 99% of other cases, just not this particular case.
I cannot discern any particular difference between these images and any others on the site, I really am stumped.
When the resource are viewed in chrome, the following is shown when looking at any of the images:
Dimensions 1 × 1
File size 67 B
MIME type image/png
URL http://mydomain.com/img.jpg
Any help would be appreciated as to why these images are being sent with a png mime type as opposed to jpeg.
This is the image resizer class I am using:
With the thumbnails being generated via load, resizeLong, crop and save methods (in that order).
I can only guess that the image types are wrong in the original images but I've even gone and manually made some thumbs in irfanview to no avail, they're still being sent as PNG's and I have no clue why...
I can paste any code as it's needed.


text:
This Friday, 29 May sees the tenth International ME Conference put on by UK research charity Invest in ME (IiME) in London. The day-long conference will include 220 participants from 17 countries and will be attended by researchers, clinicians and patients.
Discuss the article on the Forums.
Eradicating HMRV (or whatever they name it next)
Discussion in 'XMRV Testing, Treatment and Transmission' started by mojoey, Sep 5, 2010.
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Skip to Main Content
IEEE membership options for an individual and IEEE Xplore subscriptions for an organization offer the most affordable access to essential journal articles, conference papers, standards,
eBooks, and eLearning courses.
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An implementation of a digital component separator for a linear amplification using nonlinear components (LINC) system on a field-programmable gate array is presented. It employs a flexible upconversion architecture, which can be easily configured as an image-reject or direct-upconversion architecture for transmission of single or combined multicarrier wireless code-division multiple-access (W-CDMA) signals and uses the phase-modulation method. Four direct digital synthesizers are applied as phase modulators, operating first on a low IF carrier varying from 0 to 1/4 of the sampling frequency. The sampling frequency can be chosen up to 32 times (122.88 MHz) the symbol rate of the W-CDMA chip rate of 3.84 Mbit/s. The system allows a flexible frequency assignment and spacing of one or two independent W-CDMA channels. This paper outlines how the envelope and phase information of two combined W-CDMA channels may be pre-calculated in real time. This information may be used for the generation of two phase-modulated signals, which are then supplied to a single LINC transmitter. The achieved performance is demonstrated for single and multicarrier application utilizing direct and/or image-reject upconversion including simulated and experimental data (adjacent channel power ratio, complementary cumulative distribution function, error vector magnitude).
A not-for-profit organization, IEEE is the world's largest technical professional organization dedicated to advancing technology for the benefit of humanity.© Copyright 2016 IEEE - All rights reserved. Use of this web site signifies your agreement to the terms and conditions.


text:
I had taken exactly 3 shots that day before my batteries died - this was the last.
Close-up view of the bark inside a fold of a tree-trunk.
B&W conversion via Gorman (what! You expected something else? :P )
The large view is nice
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Taken on January 2, 2007


text:
In other words, why would you need an instance initializer? What difference or advantage do you have in writing a instance initializer over a constructor?
We started with Q&A. Technical documentation is next, and we need your help.
Whether you're a beginner or an experienced developer, you can contribute.
This seems to explain it well:
From: JavaWorld Object initialization in Java.
In terms of object lifecycle, there is no difference. Both are invoked at construction time, and logically the initializer block can be considered part of construction.
Semantically, an initializer is a nice tool to have for several reasons:
the initializer can improve code readability by keeping the initialization logic next to the variable being initialized:
Initializers are invoked regardless of which constructor is used.
Initializers can be used in anonymous inner classes, where constructors can't.
When you have many constructors and want some common code to be executed for each constructor you can use instance initializer.As it is called for all constructors.
I would avoid the instance initializer idiom in general - the only real advantage it gives over variable initializers is exception handling.
And since an init method (callable from constructor) can also do exception handling and also centralizes constructor setup code, but has the advantage that it can operate on constructor parameter values, I'd say that the instance initializer is redundant, and therefore to be avoided.
The real advantage of instance initializers over constructors is seen when we use an anonymous inner class.
Anonymous inner classes can't have a constructor (as they're anonymous), so they're a pretty natural fit for instance initializers.
Initializer is way to share code between constructors and it make code more readable if initializer is used with variable declaration.
The Java compiler copies initializer blocks into every constructor. Therefore, this approach can be used to share a block of code between multiple constructors. Oracle documentation


text:
Posting a new Topic:
You can post a new question from the country page to which the question is relevant to, or at the bottom right hand of this page.
You don't need to register
to post a new question or answer excisting ones
Please don't spam this forum with your new surf camp / charter / villa / surf school. Go to SurferDream.com and list your business there for free.
The GlobalSurfers forum has been the leading surf travel resource for over 17 years, so keep it friendly and relevant. Happy posting!
RE: New version GlobalSurfers« on: April 12 2008 21:04:00 »
I don't mind this new version.
I suppose the green is a bit weid but I suppose i'll get used to it after being a bit green around the gills.
It does seem a lot easier to read and easier on the eyes.
RE: New version GlobalSurfers« Reply #1 on: April 21 2008 16:04:00 »
We have now opened up the GlobalSurfers Community:
You can make a profile, start a blog, uploads photo's and/or videos.
Suitable for:
Surf travelers who want a easy to use Surf Blog, and post their pictures.
Surf photographers who want to share their work.
Surfers or (Surf business owners) who want to post a surf report. as well as promote their own surf business.
Surfclubs that want to create a group so they can stay in touch with their members.
We only launched today, so any feedback on things we need to improve is welcome. The section can be found under the Community" tab in the navigation on the top.
RE: New version GlobalSurfers« Reply #2 on: April 21 2008 17:04:00 »
I signed up , very easy and rapid.I am going to post Lacanau in France surf reports, looks nice .


text: Anne Hathaway Heads To Whole Foods For A Much Needed Shower!Douglas Reinhardt10/27/08 4:25pmFiled to: Anne HathawayA Call To The BullpenX17Rachel Getting MarriedOscar FavoriteWhole FoodsFlash DanceDefamer13EditInvite manuallyPromoteDismissUndismissHideShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalink Click to view Boomp3.com Oscar favorite Anne Hathaway took to the produce of her local Whole Foods to recreate one of her favorite scenes from the movies, the shower dance from Flash Dance . The Rachel Getting Married star was perfectly in sync with the produce sprinkler system as she twirled around the fresh vegetable department. Hathaway's impromptu dance number ended with a thunderous round of applause and a flurry of five and ten dollar bills. [Photo Credit: X17 ] *A Call To The Bullpen is a work of fiction. Although the pictures we use are most certainly real, Defamer does not purport that any of the incidents or quotations you see in this piece actually happened. Lighten up, people ... it's a joke. Reply13 repliesLeave a reply


text:
Soapbox Surfing About Swimming in Print
ROSE Blog: Rikki's Open Source Exchange
I think about magazines all the time, even on vacation when I look for Linux Pro on the newsstands everywhere I go (really, my vacation albums include our magazine in the wild). I think about online, too, but my passion is for print.
I've worked in print publishing my entire adult life, and it's how my spouse earns his living, too. In fact, on our honeymoon in Playa del Carmen we went to a scuba shop just to check out a magazine my husbands designs – and it looks just as good in Mexico as it does in Missouri or at the Scuba Shack in Kansas, maybe even better.
There used to be a time when people would say "Print is dead" to my face just to watch me climb on my soapbox and shake my fist as I speed-talked my way through my explanation of why they were wrong. Of course my argument was harder to back up while I watched magazines I loved – magazines I'd help create – end their print existence.
Today I saw an article about my former employer shuttering 31 print titles in 2009 and laying off 479 employees. And as discouraging as this news is to me, I'm reminded that we launched a new print magazine last year, and we weren't the only ones. Keep your eye on the newsstands for some exciting new titles as print continues to evolve.
Launching a print magazine in 2009 is much different than launching a magazine was a decade ago. Although no blood or tears went into launching Ubuntu User (thanks in part to my mantra, "I will not cry over a magazine, I will not cry over a magazine"), I think we all broke into a cold sweat a few times and there was a heart palpitation or two. I'm excited to be working with old friends on our new publication, including Amber Ankerholz (former editor in chief of Sys Admin Magazine) and Marcel Gagné. And now that we are well into 2010, I'm looking ahead at what's next for us in the media, particularly in print publishing.
Right after I read the story about the 2009 magazine closings, I read something else interesting online. Several magazine publishers have collaborated on a new campaign called Magazines: The Power of Print (which is also the name of my new favorite video on Youtube). The campaign focuses on the power of advertisements in print, pointing out research findings including "magazines deliver more ad impressions than TV or web in a half-hour period," "magazines are the #1 medium of engagement," "magazine ads garner the most attention," and "magazines rank #1 at influencing consumers to start a search online." Hey, you don't have to tell me that ads work – I've been known to sit with a magazine in my lap as I look up their advertisers online. And according to our 2009 reader survey, 85 percent of our readers have taken some action – including visiting an advertiser's site or further researching a product – after seeing an ad in an issue.
What I also found interesting is that this article says that during the 12-year existence of Google, magazine readership has actually increased by 11 percent. Yes!
As part of this new campaign, Michael Phelps appears in an ad next to the lines "We surf the Internet. We swim in magazines." Surfing is good, right? He's not saying "print good, Internet bad." Another ad in the campaign includes the headline "Will the Internet kill magazines? Did instant coffee kill coffee?"
From what I've seen, I'm going to love this campaign. It's a slick presentation of what I've spouted in speed talk on my impromptu soapbox: "You don't have to pick just one!!"
You can love the Internet, and your ebook reader, and your favorite magazines and good old-fashioned books – for that matter, kick back and enjoy a cave drawing with a Kindle in your hand if that's how you like it.
So here's my humble blog post, on the Internet, where I get on a virtual soapbox and gush about the wonderful world of print – soapbox surfing the Internet, while still swimming in print.comments powered by Disqus
Issue 26: Linux Shell Handbook 7th Ed./Special Editions
Buy this issue as a PDF
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SUSE Joins the Microsoft Test Drive Program
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