text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Publication date
|Sep 25, 1951
|Filing date
|Aug 5, 1949
|Priority date
|Aug 5, 1949
|Publication number
|Hitt Ivan E
|Original Assignee
|Hitt Ivan E
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (10), Referenced by (14), Classifications (7)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
P 25, 1951 I. E. HlTT 2,569,310
APPARATUS FOR USE IN FINGER PRINTING Filed Aug. 5, 1949 2 Sheets-Sheet l awe/Wm Ivan EJ645511" ATTORN EY p 1951 I. E. HlTT 2,569,310
APPARATUS FOR USE IN FINGER PRINTING Filed Aug. 5, 1949 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 b i 19 5 I if Q Z [van EJ611223 J MWIIJ ATTOR N EYS Patented Sept. 25, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE APPARATUS FOR USE IN FINGER PRINTING Ivan E. Hitt, Stockton, Calif.
- Application August 5, 1949, Serial No. 108,739
ject to provide, a portable, fingerprinting machine of novel construction; the machine being compact, relatively light weight, easy to erect from a knocked-down, carrying position, and
convenient to use.
A separate object of the invention is to provide a fingerprinting machine which is arranged for multiple adjustments with respect to the person whose fingerprints are to be taken; it being unnecessary for theperson to move or change position during the fingerprinting process as the parts of the machine are adjusted relative to said person.
A further object of the invention is to provide a fingerprinting machine, as above, which makes possible the convenient taking of fingerprints with the persons arm extended substantially straight forward, as is desirable to the production of eifective prints and which requires rolling of each finger at a predetermined point on the record card; and similarly to accomplish proper fingerprinting of persons whose fingers may be crippled, crooked, or otherwise deformed.
Another object of the invention is to provide a fingerprinting machine which provides a novel assembly of ink platens arranged to prevent dirt and dust from accumulating on the p'latens and keeping the ink moist when the machine is not in] use, thereby avoiding the necessity of daily cleaning of the platens.
The machine is also provided with effective artificial illumination arranged, in a manner which facilitates proof reading of the print which remains on the finger inking platen after a persons finger is rolled thereon.
An additional object of the invention isv to provide a fingerprinting machine which includes a novel detachable clamp for holding the fingerprint record card onthemachine during printing of individual fingers; such clamp-when multiple fingerprints are taken-being easily detachedandthen suspended in a readily accessible manner from the machine for subsequent use. It is also an object of the invention to provide a fingerprinting machine designed for ease and economy of manufacture; the machine being sturdy in construction and stable when in use.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a practical andreliable fingerprinting machine andone which willbeexceedingly effective for the purpose for which it is designed.
These objects are accomplished by -means of such structureand relative arrangement. of part 7 Claims. (Cl. 414) This invention is directed to, and it is an obas will fully a pear by a perusal of the following specification and claims.
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the fingerprinting machine as set up for use.
Fig. 2 is a crosssection on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional elevation of the turnably adjustable connection between the tripod stem and the table top.
Fig. 4 is a sectional plan on line 4-4 of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a cross section of the table top taken on line 55 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view showing particularly one of the separable hinges which secures the finger inking platen to the table top.
Referring now more particularly to the characters of reference on the drawings, the novel fingerprinting machine comprises a tripod, indicated generally at l, which tripod is of an adjustable, folding type. A vertically adjustable stem 2 projects upwardly from the head 3 of the tripod; such stem 2 being adjusted by a crank 4 which actuates a rack and pinion mechanism between said head and stem, the rack being on the stem and indicated at 5. 7
Above the tripod I and stem 2, the machine includes a table top unit, indicated generally at 6; such table top unit being rectangular in plan but elongated transversely. I
The table top unit 6 comprises a pair of side by side, longitudinal sections; the inner or back section, indicated at I, being stationary and I horizontal, while the outer or front section, indicated at 8, is vertically tiltable. The stationary section 1 and the vertically tiltable section 8 of the table top unit 6 are connected together, at adjacent edges and for the full length thereof, by a piano hinge 9.
The above described table top unit 6 is rotatably and removably supported on the upper end of the stem 2 as follows:
At its upper end the stem 2 is formed with an upwardly projecting trunnion [0 having an enlarged stop collar l I at its lower end. The trunnion [0 projects, in relatively turnable relation,
into a vertical-axis, clamping collar l2 which is secured in connection with the bottom of the With the above mounting arrangement between the stem 2 and table top unit 6, the latter can be turnably adjusted about a vertical axis.
The section 8 of the table top unit 6 is tiltably adjustable by means of the following mechanism:
Substantially centrally thereof the stationary section I is provided with a finger knob It accessible from. above. said. section, and said. finger knob is secured to the. upper end of a depending spindle II which projects some distance beloW said section I, bein turnably supported in a lower horizontal leg [8 of a depending mount I9.
A worm 20 on the spindle I 1 meshes with-asegmental gear 2| which is formed as one. end of a forwardly projecting lever 22.
mount 19 for vertical swinging motion.
A link 24 pivotally connects between the forward end of the lever 22, as at 25, and a pivotal anchor point on" the underside of' the tiltable section 8, as at 26;
By rotating the finger knob= t6, with resultant motionof theworm: 20 and segmental gear 2|, the lever 22 and 24 act to-t'iltabiy'adjust the section B upwardly or downwardly; atthe selection ofthe operator.
On the lefthand halves thereof the-stationary section Tand the tiltable section 8 of the table top unit 6" are fitted with rectangular; metallic platens 27- and- 28, respectively; such platens being preferably of stainlesssteel. The platen 2-1 is for the purpose of initially preparing. or spreading the: printing ink, while the platen 2.8- espe'ciall'y the outer portion thereof.is. for. the finger inking step of the fingerprintingv process; thepersonwhose fingers; are: to be.v printed standing in front ofthe tabl'e top' unitBr-irrfacing relation thereto.
The platen 21- is removably' held: in. place on the" stationary sectiorr I by headed hOIdrdQW-H pins 29 along opposite side: of said; platen. The platen: 2:! is removable: from the headed. hold The lever 22' is' pivoted, intermediate its ends; as. at 23, to. the":
4 1 when the machine is set up but not immediately in use, the platen 28 is swung or folded over on its hinges to closely overlie but not actually contact platen 27; the transverse upstanding lip on the platen 2'! at is inner end being engaged by platen 28 to prevent such contact.
While his folding over may be performed when section B is upwardly tilted as indicated in Fig. 5, it ispreferably carried outwhensectioiml is flat, since a closer approach of the platens, with a smaller air circulating passage therebetween, is thus provided.
The table top unit 6 is illuminated from above by anadjustable light fixture 35, with suitable redown pins 29: by sliding said-platenv lengthwise in V a. laterally outwardly" direction the. platen being 7 slightly tapered to normally wedge against the pins?- 2 9 but readily freein therefrom: when slid as above;
The platen. 28-1 is held. irr place. on the tiltable section 8 by transversely spaced: hinges 33 connected betWeenthe-inner longitudinal edge of the platen. 2'8 and said: section-- 8;.
In order topermit of. removal ofthe platen 28 from. the section..8, as is desirable when the machine is; knocked. down. and placed in a carrying case for transport, thehi-nges 3!! are. each of separable: type-,including, a pull-out hinge pin: 3 I.
.By' shitting. the platen: 28= laterally toward: the
adjacent end of the table top unit.- tc the pins; 3-! pull out and the hinges 30 separate.. .In order to prevent such occurrence under normal conditions, a relatively short Stop: pin 32 upstands from the section 8 for normal. abutment by the laterally outer end of. the. platen 28:. To permit escape from said stop pin 32 the platen 28' is merely lifted slightly and then shifted laterally outwardly to separate the hinges 3E.
The portion of the tiltable section 8 directly below thecen-tralouter portion of the platen 28 is cut away, as at 33, to permit a persons hand tobe positioned close to the outer edge of said platen 28' for the inking of a finger or fingers thereon; such outer edge being rounded, as at at.
In order to prevent the fingerprinting ink on platens 2'! and 28 from becoming dirty or'dry fiectoras shownadjustably mounted on the upper end of a post 35 which is detachably supported in-a socket 31 on the stationary section i between the platen 2? and the rear edge of said section toward the left hand end thereof.
In addition to illuminating the entire table top unit: ii the lightfixture 35f canbe set so, that the operator can readily see orproofread the fingerprint. which shows'on the finger inking platen 28; with. each use thereof. Thus, if the fingerprint is not'complete at the time of inking, the operator can again ink the finger before the print. is taken, soas: torsave time;
A fingerprint record card holding box or bin 3& issuspended from the stationary section I and opens through a slot 39- in theright hand half thereof; such card box being separated into front and rear compartments by a partition 40. One half of the card box is adapted to hold new or unused cards, whereas the other, half is adapted. to receivecards upon which a fingerprint record has been made.
A utility drawer 41 is suspended from the stationary section. 1 below the; platen 21; such drawer being adapted to hold the-fingerprinting supplies, such as: the.- brayer, spatula, tube of printing; ink, wiping cloths for the platens, etc.
The outer edgeportion ofthetiltable section 8.- to thev left of the finger inking platen 28 is the-point on the machine where the actual fingerprinting is accomplished; such portion of the section B.being. adapted to be straddled bya generally U-shaped-,- transversely elongated card holding, clamp 42- of spring metal. Such clamp has laterally outwardly flaring flanges 53v on its inner edges to facilitatestraddling engagement of the clamp over the section 8. from its outer edge; the latter being rounded, as at 44, to permit a fingerprint record card to be bent around said. edge with-in the confines of said clamp. In other Words, the clamp 42 serves to properly position the fingerprint record card on the outer edge portion of the. section. 8 for use; such clamp being formed, in the upper part thereof, with a transverse. row of openings 4.5 shaped and spacedto match and, expose the print receiving spaces of the fingerprint record cards.
With the above described fingerprinting machine set up as in Fig. 1, it is used as follows:
Fingerprinting ink is, first spread upon the platen 21' with a spatula, andv is then worked out with a brayer and transferred to the finger inking platen 28; the final and relatively thin course of the ink being applied to said platen 28 adjacent its outer edge.
As previously indicated, the person whose fingerprints are to'be taken stands in front of the machine; 1. e. in front of section 8 facing the same. Without such person being required to moveflthe operator adjusts the machine to the most convenient position byfirst raising or lowering the table topunit 6 to proper height by manipulation of the crank 4, andthen by turn- -ing the finger knob l6 tilts the section '8 to the best working angle. Thereafter, the operator rotates} the table topunit .6 about the trunnion l0, controlling such rotation by manipulation of the clamping screw knob [5, so "as to position the finger inking platen 28 directly in front of the person; all adjustments being made so that such person can conveniently reach the outer edge portion of the section 8 when the-person's arm is extended substantially straight from the With the arm thus extended a finger can be easily placed on the finger inking platen 28 and rolled to properly ink such finger. After this is done the operator turns the table top unit slightly about the trunnion ll] so as to present the fingerprint record card,-as held by the clamp 42, directly in front of the person. The print of the inked finger is then made through one of the openings 45 directly on the fingerprint record card. Here again, as the person's arm is extending substantially straight forward from the body, rolling of the finger, as is necessary for proper printing, can be accomplished with ease, and without much of the labor and manipulation required under conventional fingerprinting practices.
This process of inking and printing, between the platen 28 and clamp-held record card, is continued step by step; i. e. finger by finger until all fingers of both hands have been printed; the table top unit 6 being turned slightly with each such step so as to permit of the best positioning of each finger, without the necessity of the person changing position, for rolling said finger to accomplish a print which includes the necessary deltas which are essential to classification.
After this is done it is desirable to obtain a full print of each hand. To do this the operator removes the clamp 42 and hangs it on a swing bar 46 which depends below the section 8. See the dotted-line position of clamp 42 as in Fig. 2. With the clamp 42 thus suspended in an out-ofthe-way but readily accessible position, the.
record card is manually held atop the section 8 adjacent its outer end for making of the full hand prints.
As each fingerprint record card is completed, it is placed in one compartment of the card box 38, and a new card is removed from the other compartment and afiixed to the section 8' by the clamp 42 for the start of the next fingerprinting process.
By reason of the fact that the section 8 of the table top unit 6 is vertically tiltably adjustable, and as said tabletop unit is rotatable, the operators task is greatly minimized, especially in those instances where a person has fingers which are crippled, crooked, or otherwise deformed. The described adjustments make it possible for the operator to adjust each of the openings 45 to the most convenient point for taking a print, and without attempting to alter the hand or arm position of the person whose prints are being taken.
When the described fingerprinting machine is not in use, the several parts thereof are readily detachable and may be placed in compact relationship in a carrying case (not shown) for ease of transport from place to place.
When knocked down for transport, the tripod I is folded; the trunnion 2 is detached from the clamping collar 12; and'the light fixture post 36 is detached from the tabletop unit 6. The "platens 21- and 28' are re'movably mounted so that they may be taken from the table top unit 6 for cleaning and polishing.
"The described fingerprinting machine provides a most effective, practical, and reliable device-for the making of fingerprint records in an expeditious manner; themachine accelerating the process, and which process has to date been very 'cumbersome'and' slow'in its practice.
From the foregoing description it will be readily seen that there has been produced such a device as substantially fulfills the objects of the invention, as set forth herein.
1 While this specification sets forth in detail the present and preferred construction of the device. still in practice such deviations from such detail may be resorted to as do not form a departure from the spirit of the invention, as defined by the appended claims.
Having thus described the invention, the following is claimed as new and useful and upon which Letters Patent are desired:
1. Apparatus for use in finger printing, comprising an upstanding support, a table top unit, such unit including a first fiat section and a second flat section, such sections being hinged together along one edge, the second section being substantially free of obstruction along its opposite edge, the first section being turnably mounted on the upper end of the support for adjustment of both sections about the vertical axis of such support, separate means between the sections for vertically adjusting the angle of thesecond section relative to the first section, means for holding a print receiving card adjacent the free edge and one end of the second section, and an inking platen disposed adjacent the free edge and the opposite end of such second section.
2. An apparatus as in claim 1 including means associated with the support and the first section for adjusting the table unit vertically.
3. An apparatus as in claim 1 in which the means for adjusting the angle of the second section relative to the first section comprises a vertical spindle journaled in the first section, a finger knob on the spindle above such first section, a worm 0n the spindle below said first section, a support depending from said first section, a lever fulcrumed on said last named support for swinging movement in a vertical plane, a segmental gear on one end of the lever meshing with the worm on the spindle, and a link pivoted at one end to the opposite end of the lever and pivoted at the other end to the under side of the second section.
4. In an apparatus for use in finger printing, an upstanding support and a table top unit on the support, said unit including a horizontal back section and a front section sloping upwardly from its back edge; and a finger engaging inking platen on the front section extending to the forward edge thereof.
5. Apparatus, as in claim 4, with means to adjust the upward slope of the front section and including a control member mounted on and exposed for operation above the back section.
6. In an apparatus for use in finger printing, a table top having a front section and a relativelythin finger platen on said section extending to the front edge thereof; said section being cut back from its forward edge beneath the platen to facilitate finger access to the latter from the ron 'L- In an apparatus for use in finger printing. a table top having front and back sections, an ink: platen on the back section on which to initially prepare and spread the printing ink, a separate finger-engaging ink platen on the front section extending to the forward edge thereof, and hinge means mounting the last named platen along its back edge on the table top; the platens being disposed relative to each other so that the last named platen may be swung over to substantially cover the first named platen when the apparatus is not in use.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
Number UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Burgess Jan. 3, 1905 Forsyth Feb. 18, 1908 Hawley July 20, 1909 Pagliarul July 4, 1916 Ryan Sept. 19, 1916 Burwell Jan. 24, 1922 Douglas May 8, 1923 Waggener June 2, 1925 Hitt Feb. 22 1927 Groves May 5, 1936
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Apr 18, 1905
|Sep 12, 1905
|Jacob Henry Shaw
|Nov 1, 1907
|Feb 18, 1908
|Luther Forsyth
|Sep 22, 1908
|Jul 20, 1909
|Mary A Hawley
|Invalid's table.
|Jan 14, 1915
|Jul 4, 1916
|Joseph E Smyth
|Wire-stitching-machine table.
|Sep 8, 1915
|Sep 19, 1916
|Patrick Ryan
|Table for holding a recording-surface while finger-print impressions are registered thereon.
|May 12, 1921
|Jan 24, 1922
|Finger-print stand
|Oct 18, 1919
|May 8, 1923
|Douglas George F
|Artist's sketch box
|Nov 23, 1923
|Jun 2, 1925
|Feb 22, 1927
|Apparatus for taking fingerprints
|Jun 6, 1934
|May 5, 1936
|Earl C Groves
|Extension table
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jan 13, 1956
|Feb 26, 1957
|Hurtado Soto Ricardo
|Finger printing apparatus
|Jun 11, 1964
|May 9, 1967
|Bean George G
|Fingerprint kit
|May 3, 1965
|Dec 12, 1967
|Vendig Herbert W
|Photographic work table and print washer for bathrooms
|Aug 22, 1973
|Apr 8, 1975
|Kayner Morris S
|Work table
|Jan 26, 1973
|May 13, 1975
|Ipeco Europe Ltd
|Seat with thigh support
|Mar 2, 1979
|Feb 17, 1981
|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
|Control desk for medical apparatus, in particular for an x-ray diagnostic apparatus
|Apr 12, 1991
|Oct 6, 1992
|Kabanek Joseph R
|Operating room table mate
|Aug 23, 1996
|Sep 19, 2000
|Lochridge; Edwin P.
|Tilted work surface for retro fit use
|May 29, 2002
|Jan 13, 2004
|Kun-Chung Lu
|Combined chair and object support
|May 29, 2002
|Dec 4, 2003
|Kun-Chung Lu
|Combined chair and object support
|Aug 9, 2002
|Feb 12, 2004
|Kuo-Liang Lin
|Optical system of fingerprint image capture apparatus
|Apr 20, 2007
|Feb 21, 2008
|Krueger International, Inc.
|Sep 28, 2010
|Mar 29, 2012
|Hsiu-Chen Lai
|Drop leaf table angular adjustment mechanism
|Aug 23, 1996
|Mar 6, 1997
|Lochridge Edwin P
|Tilted work surface for retro fit use


text:
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Save for the web Photoshop CC (2013)
Saving for the web
When you are trying to make the smallest image to send to someone, instead of using File > Save As, try File > Save for Web. In the Save for Web dialog box, typically the default setting is to come up with the optimized view. But I like to compare the original with the compressed version that I'm creating. So I like to switch this to 2-Up. Now, over on the right-hand side we can see that the default file format that Save for Web is going to use is the GIF file format.
But I'm going to switch that over to a JPEG because I'm looking at a photograph. Then, we can dial in the quality settings that you want. You can see here if I go down to the lowest quality, I'm seeing the image kind of break apart here. I'm losing a lot of detail. You might not be able to see that when you're viewing this video but let me just zoom in one more time. I'll use Command+Plus on the Mac or Control+Plus on Windows. And here we can compare these areas where there...
Saving for the web provides you with in-depth training on Photography. Taught by Julieanne Kost as part of the Photoshop CC Essential Training
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text:
How does one go about determining if a process is constantly swapping memory on Unix? I'm using the top utility but I don't quite understand the details of that report.
I think the real question is, whether the system is constantly swapping memory.
An active process, on it's own, might not swap a lot, while the system swaps other processes and data out to make space for it.
vmstat is a great tool for analysing virtual memory statistic.


text:
Hi.I have ubuntu 12.04 and wine 1.4. I have a zte mf 180 usb modem through which i connect to internet.My modem works fine but the only problem is that it sometimes gets reset and i have to use windows modem connection manager(the software that came bundled with my modem.it's called "beetel connection manager") to fix it.
and i want to remove windows from system and install ubuntu as standalone os but i was unable to do so because of the above mentioned problem so i tried to install that software ( "beetel connection manager") in wine.The setup ran perfectly and my software was installed but at the time of running it,gives these error "exception EOleSysError in module DLL_NETCARD_R_DLL at 00073589." and "Access violation at address 005b8b0a in module 'UIMAIN.exe'.Read address 000002EC". guy's please help any help would be appreciated.


text:
'The most radical ever' F1 car goes on sale: Tyrrell's iconic Seventies six-wheeled racer on the market for £750k
- 1976 car was fitted with four front wheels for better grip and aerodynamics
- In two seasons it picked up 14 podium places and one victory for Tyrell
- Model on sale was raced by French driver Patrick Depailler
Motorsports fans with a cool three-quarters of a million to spare take note. A Formula 1 race car once dubbed 'the most radical ever' has gone on sale for £750,000.
The unconventional six-wheeled Tyrrell P34 was conjured up by engineer Derek Gardner in 1976 for the iconic British F1 race team.
Fitted with four smaller front wheels, the design was intended to improve its aerodynamics and improve cornering by giving it more grip on the track.
Scroll down for video
On sale: The six-wheeled Tyrrell P34, which has gone on sale for £750,000
In the two seasons it raced, the bizarre racer picked up a total of 14 podiums and one victory for Tyrrell.
And in 2004 it was named the most radical F1 car ever, picking up an emphatic 63.5 per cent of the vote in a poll by F1 enthusiasts' magazine Autosport.
Now this particular model, which was raced by Frenchman Patrick Depailler, has been put on the market by London-based race car specialists Taylor & Crawley for £750,000.
The car, which has been meticulously maintained, is race ready - making it the ultimate toy for wealthy amateurs itching to take to the track.
Depailler picked up five podium spots in the two seasons he raced the P34, helping Tyrrell to third place in the 1976 Constructors' Championship alongside South African teammate Jody Scheckter.
Dubbed 'the six-wheeler', the P34 was fitted with two sets of ten-inch front wheels to maximise the contact area between rubber and tarmac to boost grip through corners.
Although the car was powered with a 3-litre V8 engine that could muster a roaring 465bhp, the lightweight vehicle tips the scales at just 595kg.
Scheckter picked up a victory in his P34 that 1976 season - with the pair picking up a one-two at the Swedish Grand Prix. But the race driver left the team at the end of the season and described the P34 as a 'piece of junk'.
One careful owner: The car, which has been meticulously maintained, is race ready - making it the ultimate toy for wealthy amateurs itching to take to the track
Pretty nippy: Although the car is powered with a 3-litre V8 engine that can muster a roaring 465bhp, the lightweight vehicle tips the scales at just 595kg
The P34 failed to maintain its momentum in 1977 as Tyrrell finished fifth overall - with the model for sale competing twice in races where Depailler finished third and fourth.
Taylor & Crawley's David Clarke said: 'It was an extraordinary, innovative car when it was launched and something that wouldn't happen today.
The classic car market is enormous, with people investing in them as tangible assets.
'This is a fantastic opportunity as cars like this just don't come up for sale. It has spent a lot of time in a museum but it is all ready to go.'
The car's iconic designer, Derek Gardner, passed away this year at the age of 79. Its driver Depailler was tragically killed in 1980 while testing a new vehicle in Hockenheim, Germany.
Unique: Fitted with four smaller front wheels, the design, which shocked the F1 world, was intended to improve its aerodynamics and improve cornering by giving it more grip on the track
Contender: The model on sale was raced by Frenchman Patrick Depailler, who drove it to five podium spots in two seasons, positions which helped Tyrrell win the 1976 Constructors' Championship
Keith Collantine, editor of motorsport website www.F1Fanatic.co.uk, described the P34 as unique car which shocked the world of Formula 1.
'The word "unique" is overused and abused. But the Tyrrell P34 was exactly that: the only six-wheeled F1 racer to win a Grand Prix,' he said.
'Just looking at this car you can imagine the shocked faces among the F1 establishment when it took to the track - and beat them.
'Just looking at this car you can imagine the shocked faces among the F1 establishment when it took to the track - and beat them'
'The Seventies was a decade of weird and wonderful Formula One cars.
'But even among that strange breed of racing machines this was something remarkably different. A classically F1 piece of lateral thinking.
'But pity the poor mechanics who had 50 per cent more work to do during every pit stop.'
Mr Collantine believes the Tyrrell is deserving of its six-figure price-tag and added it would make an enviable addition to any racing car collection.
'Tyrrell was a great British F1 success story and a name that is sadly missing from the sport today,' he said.
'While this concept of theirs may not have proved to be the future of F1 racing, it's a fascinating piece of its past.'
VIDEO: Classic! See the P34 in action from back in the day... in Monaco!
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Guangzhou expat Community for Guangzhou expats
InterNations worldwide » China expats » Guangzhou expats
Sean Henderson
Living in Guangzhou, from Canada
"Looking for an appartment on InterNations, I met the expat community in Canton. Now I am sharing a house with another member."
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Living in Guangzhou, from Spain
"Unlike other meet-ups around here, InterNations offers quite a few high-quality members and regular offline events in Guangzhou."
InterNations - a trusted Network & Guide for Expats in Guangzhou
- Build up valuable contacts with like-minded Guangzhou expats
- Find reliable information and trustworthy tips about the expat life in Guangzhou
- Join top-class InterNations events to meet fellow expatriates in town
Welcome to the InterNations Expat Community Here in Guangzhou!
Ni hao and a warm welcome to your InterNations Community in Guangzhou, South China's major economic center with nearly 3,000 years of history. InterNations is a platform especially created to support expats as they overcome the tricky dilemmas of relocation. With comprehensive guides and insider tips at your disposal, you'll find answers to questions such as, "what type of accommodation will be best for my family?" and "how do I apply for a work permit?".
Enjoy the reassurance of our forum where you can ask our friendly expats any questions; they've navigated this tricky process before, and we encourage you to build on their experience as you join them in becoming part of the Guangzhou expat community.
Curious to explore other communities in Asia & Oceania, e.g. our chapter for Amsterdam Expat? Or you might think of stopping by at our Abu Dhabi Expat community on your next weekend trip.
Our Services for Guangzhou Expatriates
Guangzhou Expat Guide
Activity and Energy in Guangzhou
As South China's largest seaport and host to the China Import and Export Fair twice a year, Guangzhou is an important economic center of the Guangdong Province. Key industries include manufacturing, automotive, petrochemicals, and electronics. There are also job opportunities in textiles, mining, engineering, hospitality, shipbuilding, and IT. With so much international investment, foreign companies will often choose expats for senior positions which, in turn, has created a high demand for English-language teachers. Even so, it is a great advantage to be able to speak Mandarin in Guangzhou's competitive corporate world.
When the working day is over, expats will find plenty of beautiful places to relax amid the Ming dynasty relics of the peaceful Yuexiu Park, on a boat cruise of the Pearl River and among the wide variety of flora at the South China Botanical Garden. Rollercoasters thrill visitors at Chime-Long Paradise, traditional stories as colorful as the costumes are performed at the Guangzhou Opera House, a huge number of museums, landmarks, and temples demonstrate China's traditions and shoppers will find plenty of bustling market places to explore.
At Our Events in Guangzhou You'll Make Friends with Other Expats in No Time!
If you don't speak the language, you may be nervous about making new friends in Guangzhou, but InterNations solves this problem with our regular events for the entire community where expats can socialize and network in person. Moreover, explore our groups to find like-minded friends to share your interests with and build a fulfilling new life in Guangzhou; salsa dancing, bowling, choral singing, photography, and movies are just a small selection of our friendly InterNations Groups. If a group hasn't been started yet for your favorite hobby or interest, you can always start your own! With InterNations, your expat life just got a lot easier.
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Breaking: Benghazi military court drops Fatah Younis case
Benghazi, 19 December:
The military court in Benghazi has declared that it will no longer be responsible for the trial relating to the killing of Abdul Fatah Younis.
The decision was made public a short time ago today and it is not yet clear what lay behind the move.
Widespread criticism of the case has been voiced across many parts of Libya in the past week, with protesters of various hues questioning why former NTC Chairman Mustafa Abdul Jalil was being questioned by the tribunal.
Jalil, who was head of the NTC at the time of Younis's . . .
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A new type of microwave elliptic function bandpass filter using microstrip meander open-loop resonators is proposed. It is shown that the new filter structure is small and allows nonadjacent electric and magnetic couplings to be realised and adjusted. A four-pole filter of this type has, for the first time, been designed and fabricated. The filter is very compact, occupying a circuit size of about a quarter-wavelength by a quarter-wavelength at a midband frequency of 1.47 GHz. Both the simulated and measured results are presented
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Tunie #193430
Active within 763 Days
Hi! My name is Tunie #193430
I am Domestic Shorthair from Marshall, MI
Nicknames: Tunie toot-toot
Age: 8 years old
Gender: F
Coat: short haired
Education: Won COTD & CROTD April 4, 2011 April 4. 2013 April 4, 2012 I give my mom love bites on the hand.
My favorite tricks and treats are: Can c/d food, tuna water
Where I hang out: With mom, mom's bed
My favorite grubs: c/d Science Diet
My pet peeves: Playing with Mia
What I love about my owners: She gives me a lot of love.
My cat hobbies: I love to sleep on my mom
Pet motto: I get the most attention
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I have been friends with my Vet for years. Tunie came in to the Vet at 6 weeks old from a real bad fire. Did not know if she would live. Yes she was a true survivor. She lost a lot of her ears as you can see, some of her toes, her pads on her feet, her tail ( about 2 in ), her whisker and all of her fur, most of that came back but not on her face and her eyes are not good. She had a lot of Surgery. She was at the Vet for 4 months and a lot of TLC. She was going to need a special home so I said I would take her.
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She had a smile that reminded me of childhood memories.
That gaze in her eyes made me want to see the seven seas with her.
Hair that reminded me of dancing fairies.
And a kiss so tender,
Break Up Poems
Poems about Breaking Up
Going through a breakup with a boyfriend or girlfriend is one of the most painful things that a teenager can experience. The anguish is intensified because the experience is fresh and new to them. After sharing your most intimate thoughts with another human being, you are no longer together. He or she is just another person that you pass in the hallway.


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Lonely Bowlers, Unite: Mend the Social Fabric; A Political Scientist Renews His Alarm At the Erosion of Community Ties
Published: May 6, 2000
(Page 2 of 2)
Whatever the virtues of bowling, Mr. Putnam was not particularly good at it, with scores averaging less than 150 a game. As an adult he has rarely bowled, apart from occasional outings when his two children, now married, were still young: family bowling, not league bowling. Lately, however, in recognition of the publicity his research has brought to the sport, his students celebrate the end of a semester with a bowling party or by giving him bowling knickknacks.
Others have given him knickknacks, too. He ticks them off: bowling salt and pepper shakers, bowling towels and shoes, books about bowling, jokes about bowling, a tie decorated with a bowling lane. Tchotchkes, he calls them, invoking a Yiddish word, and a reminder that religion has played a big role in civic engagement and his life. Raised a Methodist, he converted to Judaism, his wife's religion, when they married 37 years ago. ''We agreed it was important that we have one religion,'' Rosemary Putnam said.
Now Mrs. Putnam, 59, a public school special-education teacher, is the one who is civically engaged: playing French horn in the Lexington band, active in her temple's sisterhood, member of a book group, volunteer tutor of immigrants in English, active in a teachers association. Her husband sang in the town chorus for a year or two; but absorbed in his teaching, research and writing, he withdrew, becoming an example of the disengagement he now chronicles.
The Putnam thesis dwells on the precipitous decline since 1970 of community groups: the Elks, the Rotary, the Masons, the Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts, the American Legion, parent-teacher associations, local chapters of political parties, religious institutions, softball teams, art groups, union locals, town bands and scores of others. Apart from not joining, people vote less, give fewer dinner parties, and are more likely to have unlisted phone numbers, to sue and to rely on security guards. Trust has in effect declined, and trust is a big element of social capital fostered by civic connectedness, Mr. Putnam argues.
''Connectedness really matters,'' he said at a White House conference last month. ''Wonderful studies, controlling for your blood chemistry and how old you are and your gender and whether you jog and whether you smoke and so on, show that your chances of dying over the next year are cut in half by joining one group. Cut in a quarter by joining two groups.''
Much of Mr. Putnam's evidence for the decline in civic engagement came from a huge mass of previously untapped lifestyle surveys compiled over the years by Roper and DDB Needham. Polls designed for marketing and then stored away became in Mr. Putnam's hands historical data on civic engagement. ''If the client was Hallmark, it wanted to know about churchgoing, and food companies wanted to know about family dinner trends,'' Mr. Putnam said.
Other community activities have grown, of course. Volunteering is one. And children play soccer more than ever, on teams organized by parents, although Mr. Putnam found that ''if every single soccer mom and dad in America went to every single soccer game, that would not be as large a number as the number of people who stopped bowling in leagues.''
Theda Skocpol, a Harvard sociologist, says that beyond the community, advocacy groups -- organizations like the Sierra Club, the Children's Defense Fund, the American Association of Retired Persons -- have become a new form of social connectedness. They are an outgrowth of the civil rights movement, the anti-Vietnam War protests, women's liberation: issues that the old civic engagement failed to address.
But she adds that rather than fostering give-and-take conversation, the advocacy groups are run by ''elite people more than ever,'' while the millions of members mail in their dues and contributions. It is a system that ''contributes to the sense of most Americans that everything is going on above their heads,'' Ms. Skocpol said, causing them to pull back from public life.
Whether Internet communication can reverse this trend, recreating the old conversation in a new format, Mr. Putnam says he does not know. He guesses that the Internet will complement rather than replace face-to-face communications. But he is not sure. ''I am worried,'' he said, ''that I will end up in the long sweep of history having written a book about disconnection at the very moment that technology was changing the equation.''
Although Mr. Putnam acknowledges that the rise of the two-earner family cuts into time available for civic engagement, economics plays a relatively small role in his scheme. Electronic entertainment, mostly television, gets 25 percent of the blame.
Just as they bowl alone, people increasingly watch television alone. It isolates. So does suburban sprawl and the additional commuting time, alone in a car, that sprawl requires. People increasingly live in one suburb, work in another and shop at malls in a third location, Mr. Putnam finds.
The biggest culprit, however, is generational change, he concluded. The Depression and World War II produced a generation of civic-minded Americans. As that generation has aged, giving way to less trustful more isolated Americans, civic engagement and social capital have declined. Still, Mr. Putnam is optimistic. Just as the mass immigration in the late 19th century and the shift from farms to cities resulted in the creation of the community groups and ties now in decline, the new circumstances should create new institutions.
That leap of faith is greeted with skepticism by Ms. Skocpol and other social scientists. But Mr. Putnam, in his enthusiasm, sees his own efforts and those of a few others engaged in community organization as the beginning of a revival of the old connectedness in new ways not yet evident. Or as he puts it in the last sentences of his book: ''Henry Ward Beecher's advice a century ago to 'multiply picnics' is not entirely ridiculous today. We should do this, ironically, not because it will be good for America -- though it will be -- but because it will be good for us.''
Photos: Robert D. Putnam finds togetherness in a barber shop in Peterborough, N.H., where he has a vacation home. (Photographs by Evan Richman for The New York Times)


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Results of the preselection for Enescu Competition 2016: 174 young artists will enter the competition
The specialized jury of the George Enescu International Competition 2016 has selected 174 young artists to enter the competition at this edition. The young artists have been selected from a total number of 317 applications for the Competition, 40% more than at the 2014 edition. The candidates who have passed the preselection will compete for… Read more »


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Sounds Like: Finch, The Get Up Kids, NOFX - Official Page, Say Anything, Thrice
Label: Self Produced and Edited
Manager: I Manage Myself
Bio: I never recorded music before I lost something very close to me, and since that point I haven't stopped. I've had a growing desire to convey my thoughts, emotions, and feelings from a stage or studio. All of my 'music' is a glimpse of the interior, as my opinions and views are shared through th...See Full Bio
"I'm gearing up for submissions to multiple producers and agents !! Pretty soon you may hear me behind some of your favorite products, through television advertisements, as well as being placed in upcoming indie films and maybe even major motion pictures ! Wish me LUCK ! - Jophis :)"


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The ultimate kitchen tool! With all the guidelines you need to cut vegetables like the professional chefs, this handy kitchen reference and measurement tool lists and gives dimensions for all the classical cuts used by the pros to create renowned cuisine. A must-have for culinary students and amateur chefs. All stainless steel construction. Includes useful information such as food storage and cooking temperatures, dough recipes, temperature and measurement conversions, and more.
I needed this for culinary school....it has LOTS of handy information as well as measuring tools!!! (Posted on 10/9/2012)
This aids my son in his culinary classes and really helpful (Posted on 11/2/2009)
I attend Le Cordon Bleu Culinary College and they sell a different version of these, the ones they sell are a cheap plastic and chip when dropped. I like the stainless steel construction of this piece. I think this one is the best for the money. [...] (Posted on 6/15/2009)
This ruler is used to appropriately size food during its preparation. It has gauges for sizing dice and julienne, for measuring lengths of cut foods etc. this is a great device for the novice to get them used to creating consistent food while they learn. Great also for the expert who needs precision under various circumstances. (Posted on 6/4/2009)
This is nice (Posted on 11/7/2008)
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8 Reviews
This was delicious. Made exactly as written with a little added salt as suggested. Cooked on low for about 6 and a half hours. Thanks for posting. Made and reviewed for Zaar World Tour 4.
I loved this recipe. I did add salt and prepared the meat like Jewlies suggested. I reduced the pepper due to family preferences. I was worried when I tasted the spice mix that the cayenne would be too much but it turned out great. I was hoping for a gravy but there was a lot of fat in the cut of meat I used so when it was done I still had to add flour etc. I did it on the stovetop and added about a cup of water with the flour and seasonings to taste. I served it over mashed potatoes. The gravy was quite spicy but the potatoes mellowed it out perfectly. BTW I also omitted the bell pepper and had no tarragon.
Loved the flavour the five spice gave this dish. Tasted like something I have had before in one of the flash restaurants in China Town. Instead of adding the cornflour at the end of the recipe I opted to dust the steak in the flour with all the seasonings added, brown in a pan in a bit of butter and then add to the crockpot. I then deglazed the pan with the chicken stock scraping up all the bits on the bottom of the pan. I felt the recipe needed about 1/2 teaspoon of salt to bring the flavours out. Next time I wouldn't hesitate to use a whole bell pepper or capsicum. This time I served over rice but liked the idea that Peter J suggested to me of trying this wrapped up in tortilla's - yum!
Not to our liking. There seemed to be no flavour in the meat.
It was lovely and easy to do this in the crockpot... The taste is spicy without being too overpowering and DH especially liked it. I will be using this as a filling for some meat pies I intend to make for him next week. The only negative point was that I used quite a lot of meat and it was only *just* cooked though after 8 hours, .. fine this time as I will be cooking it further anyway. Next time I will give it 10 hours so that it's falling apart delicious. Please see my rating system, a lovely 4 stars ! Thanks :)
Meat was very tender, added 1/4 onion and beef stock instead of chicken. A little spicy, next time I will leave out cayenne.
Very tasty and tender steak strips. No need for a knife. I made it as written, adding some onion slices and pared carrot strips. Very flavorful and just the right amount of spiciness. We'll be eating this again. Thanx for sharing.


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???theriddler???, on Sep 25 2009, 10:59 PM, said:
Great job, can't wait for more!
Thank you, very much, colleague-villain! )
Well, I doubt that all, but I think I've alredy done most of them. )
Well, that's a good point actually. ) I think I nedd to switch on good guys now. ) Otherwise, our victory will be too easy! )
ADHO15, on Sep 25 2009, 11:10 PM, said:
The others are perfect too, as always.
Very well done!
Thank you, ADHO15! )
You're very kind as always. ) Yes, the Clock King turned out to become a really nice minifig! )
Thanks again! I hope you won't be dissappointed by the upcoming parts! )


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ENN CommunityENN Community
December 9, 2007 01:30 PM - By Ben Hirschler, Reuters
LONDON (Reuters) - Turning off a sex "switch" triggered when female insects mate may be a smart and green way of controlling pests in future.
Mainstream Renewable Energy Continues Double-digit Growth
December 9, 2007 09:36 AM -
In less than a decade since the Kyoto Protocol was adopted, renewable energy has evolved rapidly from an 'alternative' source of energy to a mainstream energy option, according to the REN21 Renewables Global Status Report 2007.
Compared to a total global power capacity of 4,300 GW, the report finds renewable energy (without large hydro) now provides about 240 Gigawatts (GW) of clean power, avoiding some 5 gigatonnes per year (Gt/year) of carbon emissions.
U.S. pork workers develop mysterous neorological condition
December 7, 2007 09:08 PM - By Julie Steenhuysen, Reuters
CHICAGO (Reuters) - Eleven workers who removed brains from slaughtered pigs at a plant in Minnesota have come down with a mysterious neurological condition, company and U.S. health officials said on Friday.
Senators ask Bush for greater food safety funding
December 7, 2007 08:30 AM - Reuters
"Additional funding for (the Food and Drug Administration) is an important step toward improving our ability to protect human health and welfare," 23 senators from both parties wrote in the letter, also directed to budget director Jim Nussle.
Benin finds two bird flu outbreaks, suspects H5N1
December 7, 2007 07:08 AM - By Samuel Elijah, Reuters
COTONOU (Reuters) - Benin has discovered two outbreaks of bird flu among poultry which it believes to be the deadly H5N1 strain, the first such cases in the West African country, a senior health official said on Friday.
Kenya issues alert over desert locust invasion
December 7, 2007 03:28 AM - Reuters
NAIROBI (Reuters) - Desert locusts have invaded Kenya's arid northeastern region, threatening maize and wheat crops, but the Agriculture Ministry said on Friday it was well prepared to fight the pests.
The desert locust's destructive power stems from its gregarious nature that allows it to move in swarms, eating whatever vegetation it finds in its path.
A ministry statement published in local newspapers said the locusts were not aggressively feeding yet, but were in their last stage of development and laying eggs in the moist sandy soil of the hot region.
France suspends commercial GMO seed use, studies safety
December 6, 2007 01:34 PM - Reuters
PARIS (Reuters) - France formally suspended on Thursday the commercial use of genetically modified (GMO) seeds in the country until early February and ordered a biotech safety study.
Germany ends ban on Monsanto GMO maize type
December 6, 2007 12:07 PM - Reuters
Germany had in May this year imposed a temporary ban on commercial sales of MON810 citing concerns about safety of the maize (corn), which is resistant to several types of butterflies which are pests to the grain in Europe.
A Fishy Definition of Organic
December 6, 2007 10:03 AM - Barton Seaver and Rick Moonen - Sacramento Bee
As one of the busiest of all times for food professionals, the holiday season will make us work hard to put our best spatula forward.
And to keep our competitive edge, we depend on the freshest and healthiest ingredients available to keep our guests coming back for seconds.
Polluting Pulp Mill Draws Protest and Spurs World Court Case
December 6, 2007 09:17 AM - , Worldwatch Institute
Environmentalists from Argentina are continuing their more than two-year protest of an Uruguayan pulp mill along a river that separates the two countries. Protesters say the cellulose processing plant, which went into operation on November 9, will release pollutants into the Uruguay River and threaten local ecosystems and human health. Argentine authorities claim that the mill violates a bilateral treaty and have taken the issue to the International Court of Justice in The Hague, The Netherlands.


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Something moved in
The other day two huge men knocked on my door.
They were here to deliver this old piano, we will take care of it for a friend.
My cats from when I was a kid.
My books from when I was a kid, a teenager and well, I'm still a teenager.
It's from around 1850 and sounds like a horror movie.
Tags: home
Leipzig, Part 2
Monday was Leipzig day, went there with Johan & Mark.
Admiring the architecture. Like I said to Johan It feels like we are in Germany, if you know what I mean.
Massive buildings.
This column stood outside of a church and made me curious. We went into the church and found this. Omg.
Good friends.
Had a coffee break in the heat.
Leipzig offers a great mix of old and new architecture.
And so much Jugendstil.
Tags: leipzig
Leipzig, part 1
On Monday I went to Leipzig for a quick visit, what a beautiful place! Already looking forward to visiting again and to explore places outside of the city center.
Tags: leipzig
Swedish food stories, 4
The last meal at Johan's parents. Sweet potato, grilled salmon, watermelon salad etc etc.
OK, I'm hungry, time to have lunch ;)
The most beautiful night this summer
The last night in Sweden we spent in Johan's parents' kitchen and in the greenhouse.
I had bought a very delicious cava.
Johan's mum preparing some snacks.
Bread with chèvre, honey, black pepper and rosemary.
Bouillabaisse, omg yolo swag lol.
How beautiful can it be?
We ate until it was dark.
And talked.
And had pavlova.
And ended the night with a walk.
I want to go baaaaaaaaack.
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Sold as a package deal only: TMK # 4-4-6-7-10 (15.60 acres) AND TMK # 4-4-6-7-40 (21.92 acres)

Approximately 38 acres total of spectacular property located in Wailua sold as 2 adjacent parcels. (This is not a CPR) The property has streams and waterfalls winding around and through it with an extensive planting of exotic tropical flowers and many varieties of fruit trees, juicing oranges, a bamboo grove and large groves of camphor Koa trees. Property could be a very private estate where one could grow crops and ride horses or a great single family home development property for a builder. Both parcels are over 13 acres, so may qualify for up to 5 CPR units each. This is a must see property! Sale subject to cancellation of the current escrow—cancellation in process.


text: 0 Boats in the sunset by Lieze Truter Best Sellers Trending Art Best Selling Paintings Best Selling Abstract Art Prints Best Selling Photography Best Selling Posters Popular Subjects Animals Architecture Childrens Art Floral & Still Life Landscape Maps Military & War Music Science Fiction & Fantasy Skylines Spiritual Transportation Featured Artists Brickhut Cozamia Eric Joyner Erin Ashley James Niehues Jennifer Lommers Jonas Gerard Marcia Baldwin Mark Lawrence Michael Creese Michael Tompsett Collections ArtLoversOnline Design Pics The Fine Art Masters Panoramic Images Retro Images Archive StockTrek Images WorldWide Archive Create Your Own Photo Canvas Custom Frame Photos Boats in the sunset by Lieze Truter Sign inCustomer Service Cart Houzz Share on Tumblr Tweet +Add to Cart Available Sizes inches / cm Petite $57.5 Small $69 Medium $86.25 » component prices Print Frame Mats Glazing Fitting Customize Framing or choose Canvas Print Customize Canvas or choose Framed Art Print Click to save as artist's preferred kit Paper Enhanced MattePremium Photo GlossyPremium Photo LusterUltraSmooth Fine ArtHahnemuhle Photo Rag 308Hahnemuhle Fine Art PearlHahnemuhle Torchon Mounted? ★★★☆☆ Details Paper print only, too large to frame online. Frames Choose a color » ø Top Mat | Middle Mat | Bottom Mat ø Glazing Style Soft EdgeWhite EdgeBlack EdgeImage WrapUnstretched 1½ inches thick (3.75 cm) Product Details Artist grade canvas, archival inks, wooden stretcher bars, and UVB protective coating Availablity Usually ships within five business days. Artist Lieze TruterCollection scadDescription This is a master copy I did of a Monte oil painting. I did this pastel drawing for my Drawing 2 class at SCAD-ATL.The unique use of colors, and beautiful composition, is what drew me most to this painting. Popular Configurations Stretched Canvas Modern Lines Contemporary White Classical Baroque Unframed print Explore More from the same collection View All Lieze Truter's Recent Work About the artist Lieze Truter, Atlanta, GA Member Since November 2007 Artist Statement Hey everyone,My name is Lieze Truter. I am an emerging artist living and studying at Savannah College of Art and Design, Atlanta, GA. I am originally from Cape Town, South Africa, and moved to America about 8 years ago. I enjoy all aspects of art, whether is drawing, painting, design, crafting, building, and everything above. I am a Broadcast Design and Motion Graphics Major, also focusing in Film. But in the end, I enjoy nothing more then bringing it down to the basics of Art; using my hands and design skills to create Art straight from the heart. I draw my creativity from personal experiences and feelings on things that influence my life. Thank you for stopping by to look at my work. All feedback is welcome! Sincerely,Lieze Truter*misslieze.com Community Comments Catalog Details Product No 380340 Subjects Style Medium Tags Lieze, SCAD-ATL, Truter, and, art, beautiful, boats, class, college, colors, composition, design, drawing, monte, ocean, of, oil, painting, pastel, sailing, savannah, sky, unique, water Create Frame Photos Photos on Canvas Sell Sell Art Online Become an Affiliate Get a Trade Account Common Questions Company Info About Us Contact Customer Comments Return Policy Social Tumblr Pinterest Twitter Facebook Instagram Our Wall Art Family CanvasOnDemand | Photo Canvases GreatBigCanvas | Decorate Huge Terms of Service Privacy Policy Copyright © 2016


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Tuesday, May 3, 2016
Mexico Approves New Agreements with U.S. and Between Carriers
Cofece, Mexico's competition commission, yesterday approved a proposed joint venture between Aeromexico and Delta. The two airlines seek to collaborate more closely in setting prices, capacity, and schedules, and need assurance that such efforts will not be determined to violate antritrust laws. They are still waiting for the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) to grant immunity from U.S. antitrust laws. Cofece has conditioned its approval on the surrender of eight slots at Mexico City Airport.
The Mexican senate has also reportedly ratified the changes to the U.S.- Mexico Air Transport Agreement signed in December. The Aeromexico-Delta JV could prove an interesting case for the DOT's antitrust immunity process. In prior cases, the DOT has relied heavily on the existence of an Open Skies agreement between the U.S. and the countries being served before granting antitrust immunity to a pending joint venture. The new U.S.-Mexico agreement, while significantly liberalized, falls short of being a full "Open Skies" agreement.
May 3, 2016 | Permalink | Comments (0)
Monday, May 2, 2016
EU Transport Officials Urged to Resolve Gibraltar Airport Dispute
The aviation community is turning to the EU in it's desire for clarity regarding the legal status of Gibraltar airport.
May 2, 2016 | Permalink | Comments (0)
Thursday, April 28, 2016
U.S. Looks to Extend Security Reach
Despite the likelihood that the U.S. Congress once again struggles to pass a long-term FAA reauthorization bill in a timely fashion, there is bipartisan support for legislation that would empower the TSA to play a more active role regarding security at non-U.S. airports from which flights operate to the United States. Proposed changes include authorizing the donation of security equipment to foreign airports and requiring the agency to explore inspection agreements with foreign governments. Sovereignty considerations obviously limit the extent to which the United States can dictate the operations of foreign airports, but congress appears determined to remove any internal barriers that could prevent the TSA from taking as active a role in airport security as foreign governments will allow.
April 28, 2016 | Permalink | Comments (0)
Wednesday, April 27, 2016
Return to CAB Era?
A curious NY Times story from earlier this week, Start-Up Airline Idles on a California Runway, Stymied by Bureaucracy, describes the complaints of a 95 year-old entrepreneur who has been thus far unable to secure an operating certificate for California Pacific Airlines. The slant of the article is extremely sympathetic to the individual, a Mr. Vallas, and clearly implies the blame for his stalled airline lies at the feet of the sluggish F.A.A. bureaucracy. This tone struck me as strange given that the article quotes an F.A.A. letter describing the documentation Mr. Vallas submitted in support of his application for an operating certificate as "incomplete, inaccurate and do not appear to have been reviewed for quality." The author of the story appears to give no consideration to the possibility that perhaps Mr. Vallas' application was deserving of rejection. While nobody wants a return to era when the federal government rejected any new entrants into the air services market on the grounds that new carriers were not in the nation's interest, those rules have long since been abolished. That the F.A.A. still requires certain criteria to be met to ensure that the prospective operators of a new airline have adequate managerial experience, financial backing, and clean legal and safety backgrounds is hardly cause for complaint. It is possible that those criteria are being enforced too rigidly, but this story provides scant evidence in support of such a claim.
April 27, 2016 | Permalink | Comments (0)
Friday, April 15, 2016
U.S. Finally Approves Foreign Air Carrier Permit for NAI
The U.S. Department of Transportation today issued a show cause order proposing that Norwegian Air International (NAI), an Ireland-based subsidiary of Norwegian Air Shuttle (NAS), be granted a foreign air carrier permit that will allow it to begin operating flights to the United States. Norwegian's application has been pending for an unprecedented 28 months as the U.S. has attempted to assess the applicability of Article 17 bis of the US-EU Air Services Agreement. In article 17 bis, both parties pledge support for high labor standards. Unions have accused Norwegian of establishing the subsidiary in Ireland to take advantage of lower labor costs compared to Norway. The delay has drawn repeated criticism from EU officials, who insist the Air Services Agreement requires the U.S. to approve the application of any carrier owned by nationals of an EU Member State operating under the "common carrier" designation, thereby rendering any questions of labor arbitrage a strictly internal matter for the EU. The show cause order is a precursor to a final approval, which will likely be issued in the coming months.
April 15, 2016 | Permalink | Comments (0)
Thursday, March 31, 2016
FAA Extends UAS Operating Altitude Up to 400 Feet
A new blanket Certificate of Waiver or Authorization issued by the FAA earlier this week allows small UAS operating under a Section 333 exemption or under the authority of a government agency to operate at altitudes up to 400 feet, an increase from the 200 feet altitude cap that was previously in place. Even at the increased altitude, the aircraft must remain within the pilot's visual line of sight and obey restrictions on airspace surrounding airports and metropolitan areas.
March 31, 2016 | Permalink | Comments (0)
Tuesday, March 22, 2016
Challenges for Chinese Aircraft Manufacturing Demonstrate Strengths of Mutual Recognition
Over the weekend, the Wall Street Journal published an in-depth article on China's past and current forays into aircraft manufacturing. The story provides an excellent case study in the operation of international safety standards in the aviation sector. It would be impractical for a state to perform a safety check on every foreign aircraft entering its airspace, so a state will instead recognize the airworthiness certificate granted by the aircraft's state of registry. Of course, it would be impractical for the state of registry to conduct the thousands of hours of engineering, testing, and scrutiny that went into the aircraft's design and manufacture, so the state of registry will rely on a type certificate issued by the state of manufacture, and will then issue its own certificate with regards to the aircraft's continued airworthiness on the basis of an evaluation of the aircraft's current condition and the operator's adherence to maintenance requirements. For this system to work, states need to have confidence in the ability of other states to honestly and competently assess the airworthiness of aircraft both at the type certificate stage and the continuing airworthiness stage. For a new manufacturer to successfully enter the commercial passenger aircraft market, airlines will not only need to be reassured about the quality of its products, foreign states will want to know that type certificates issued by the manufacturer's home state are based on a diligent application of international standards. Transparency and cooperation will be necessary if Chinese aviation officials are to convince their counterparts in foreign markets that they can be trusted to vouch for Comac's work.
March 22, 2016 | Permalink | Comments (0)
Thursday, March 17, 2016
Ban on Hunting Trophies Draws Discrimination Suit
The following is a guest post by Daniel L. Spivey, a 2nd-year J.D. student at DePaul University College of Law.
For the first time since the Civil Aeronautics Board was in existence, an airline has been challenged on whether it is allowed to place a blanket embargo on a particular type of cargo. Conservation Force et al v. Delta Airlines, is a case that was filed in the Northern District of Texas challenging Delta's ban on the Big Five hunting trophies (lion, leopard, elephant, rhino, and buffalo).
In July 2015, one of Africa's most well known lions, Cecil the Lion, was shot and killed by Dr. Walter Palmer while he was on a hunting expedition. In response to public pressure, all three major U.S. airlines – American, United, and Delta – decided to ban the transport of big game hunting trophies across their respective fleets. Delta is the only airline named in the complaint because Delta is the only airline that flies directly from the United States to Johannesburg, South Africa and through its alliance partner to Tanzania and Zimbabwe. There are several plaintiffs named in the complaint. Plaintiff Conservation Force is a non-profit 501(c)(3) public foundation formed for purposes of conserving wildlife and wild places. Both Dallas and Houston Safari Clubs, the Community Areas Management Programme for Indigenous Resources ("CAMPFIRE"), Mr. Core Knowlton (a hunter), and the Tanzania Hunting Operators Association ("TAHOA") are also named.
Plaintiffs allege that Delta's discrimination violates its duty as a common carrier under federal common-law and the Federal Aviation Act, specifically 39 U.S.C. §41310. Plaintiffs also allege tortious interference with business relations – claiming that Plaintiffs' businesses will suffer because hunters will be discouraged from going to Africa. Plaintiffs also put forth a public policy argument claiming that conservation efforts will be harmed in Africa because the money used to obtain hunting permits is instrumental in conservation efforts.
Courts have not dealt with this issue since the case of Delta Airlines, Inc. v. Civil Aeronautics Board in 1976. In that case, the court held that airlines could not create a blanket ban on hazardous materials because Congress had already set out the guidelines for transporting such goods and deemed them safe. In the present day, where the FAA is now the aviation regulatory agency, there have been no cases challenging an airline's ban on cargo based on discrimination.
Plaintiffs will face an interesting challenge in convincing the court that they are being discriminated against unreasonably. Delta argues that as a common carrier the common-law only requires it to treat all shippers alike not all cargo. Delta argues that because this ban applies to anybody trying to ship a big game hunting trophy then it is allowed under common-law. A separate but interesting topic is whether there is an implied private cause of action under the Federal Aviation Act. Courts have actually decided this issue both ways. However, even if there is an implied private cause of action under the Federal Aviation Act then the Plaintiffs still must show that they were unfairly discriminated against. Plaintiffs argue they are being discriminated against because it a certain class of people, from a certain part of the world, trying to ship a particular item that are being treated differently. This is an interesting argument and it will be fascinating to see how the court responds.
Plaintiffs' claim for tortious interference with business relations is expressly preempted under the Airline Deregulation Act because it relates to an airline's service. The case law is clear on this issue.
March 17, 2016 | Permalink | Comments (0)
Wednesday, March 2, 2016
U.S. Extends Smoking Ban to E-Cigarettes
The U.S. Department of Transportation has issued a final rule prohibiting the use of electronic cigarettes on scheduled and charter flights. Like the broader smoking ban, the rule applies to both domestic and foreign carriers despite past criticisms that applying smoking bans to foreign airlines oversteps U.S. regulatory authority. Passengers are also barred from packing electronic smoking devices in their luggage out of concern for the fire risk presented by the devices' lithium ion batteries.
March 2, 2016 | Permalink | Comments (0)
Tuesday, March 1, 2016
FAA Reauthorization Update
Late last week news reports confirmed that U.S. House of Representatives Transportation Committee Chairman Bill Shuster's ambitious, but controversial version of the FAA Reauthorization bill has been abandoned. The Senate still intends to introduce a bill this month, but it is unlikely to include some of the far-reaching changes contemplated for the House Bill, most notably the privatization of air traffic control. FAA authorization expires March 31, and it is almost certain that a short-term extension will be required.
New York Senator Chuck Schumer announced plans to introduce an amendment to the forthcoming Senate Bill that would establish minimum seating requirements for passenger aircraft. The details of Senator Schumer's proposal are not yet known, but presumably they would include minimums for leg room and seat pitch. There is no identifiable market failure present that would make it necessary to regulate passenger comfort, passengers who desire increased leg room can easily express that preference by paying extra for a higher class seat, but measures like this are often politically popular. Nonetheless, I would be surprised to see the amendment included in the final bill.
March 1, 2016 | Permalink | Comments (0)
Wednesday, February 24, 2016
New Report Suggests Russian Military Responsibility for MH17
A controversial new report emerged today, accusing Russian military forces of firing the missile that downed Malaysian Airlines Flight MH17 in 2014. The report's conclusions have not been confirmed or endorsed by other experts or representatives of the Joint Investigation Team responsible for investigating culpability for the incident, and at this point it would be premature to make assumptions about the accuracy of the analysis. If true, however, it would dramatically change the international law implications of the tragedy. The operating theory until now has been that the aircraft was downed by Ukrainian separatists, non-State actors who would likely prove difficult to bring to justice. If this was an act of representatives of the Russian state new possibilities will be introduced, including reparations, sanctions, and international tribunals.
February 24, 2016 | Permalink | Comments (0)
Tuesday, February 16, 2016
DOT Invites Carriers to Apply for Scheduled Air Services to Cuba
The U.S. Department of Transportation announced this morning the finalization of an agreement to permit the operation of scheduled air services between the United States and Cuba for the first time in approximately half a century. Beginning March 2, U.S. carriers will have the opportunity to apply to operate the 110 daily round trip flights between the two countries permitted under the new agreement.
February 16, 2016 | Permalink | Comments (0)
Tuesday, February 9, 2016
ICAO Committee Recommends Standard for CO2 Emissions
The Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection (CAEP) yesterday recommended that the ICAO Council adopt a new standard that has been prepared with regard to CO2 emissions from aircraft. It would be the first international standard concerning CO2 emissions, though standards exist for other types of aircraft emissions and engine noise. The standard is intended to apply to all aircraft designs beginning in 2020 and to deliveries of in-production aircraft types beginning in 2023, with production of non-compliant aircraft to be phased out entirely by 2028. This is a major step for international efforts to reduce aviation emissions, though it is not to be confused with ICAO's ongoing efforts to draft a global plan for emissions reduction that applies to airline operations as opposed to aircraft design and manufacture.
February 9, 2016 | Permalink | Comments (0)
Thursday, January 28, 2016
Air Navigation Commission Recommends Banning Batteries
In a somewhat unexpected development, the Wall Street Journal is reporting that ICAO's air navigation commission will recommend to the ICAO Council that lithium ion batteries be banned from cargo holds of passenger aircraft. The decision is surprising because it runs contrary to the recommendations of ICAO's dangerous goods panel which advised against such a ban late last year.
January 28, 2016 | Permalink | Comments (0)
Wednesday, January 20, 2016
Airlines for Europe Seeks to Eclipse Association for European Airlines
Europe has a new lobbying group, Airlines for Europe (A4E), which hopes to replace the Association for European Airlines (AEA) as the primary trade association for European carriers. AEA was beset by defections last year over the association's opposition to the growth of middle eastern carriers in the European market. The new association includes remaining members of AEA such as Lufthansa and Air France-KLM, along with some of the association's most significant defectors, such as IAG, and major LCCs such as Ryanair and easyJet. A4E's first campaign is targeting airport charges, an area of agreement for all carriers.
January 20, 2016 | Permalink | Comments (0)
Friday, January 15, 2016
Extending Antitrust Immunity to LATAM
Air Transport World is reporting that LATAM will seek antitrust immunity for joint ventures with American Airlines and IAG. Competition authorities in South America, the European Union, and the United States will all need to acquiesce. The prospects for success will be analyzed in a future post. For now, it is simply worth calling attention to this potentially significant development. This would be the first extension of the immunized, metal-neutral joint ventures to include an airline outside of Europe or North America.
January 15, 2016 | Permalink | Comments (0)
Wednesday, January 13, 2016
Access to Airspace Growing Part of South China Sea Sovereignty Dispute
Vietnam has filed a complaint with ICAO about recent Chinese flights to the Fiery Cross Reef in the hotly contested South China Sea, to which Brunei, China, Vietnam, Malaysia, Taiwan and the Philippines all register territorial claims. Vietnam is responsible for supervision of international flights in the area, and complains that China has recently conducted dozens of flights through the region without properly notifying Vietnamese aviation authorities.
China contends that because these are state flights, they are not subject to the same air traffic requirements as civil aviation. The characterization of the test flights to the Fiery Cross air strip as state flights appears reasonable despite the use of State-owned commercial airliners. The flights did not transport ticketed passengers, and given that the islands in question are primarily uninhabited, commercial services to the area are unlikely. Vietnam's complaints are not limited, however, to the question of state or civil operations, as Vietnam asserts the island area comprises part of Vietnam's sovereign airspace, through which even state flights are prohibited absent prior approval by Article 3 of the Convention on International Civil Aviation (the Chicago Convention). ICAO will have no interest in getting drawn into the larger question of which State has sovereignty over the islands and surrounding areas. Should ICAO take a position, it is likely to be sufficiently narrow to be read as neutrally as possible on the sovereignty question.
January 13, 2016 | Permalink | Comments (0)
Wednesday, January 6, 2016
Etihad Maximizing Ownership Stake in Jet Airways
Etihad appears poised to increase its ownership stake in India's Jet Airways to 49%, the maximum amount permitted by Indian law. India only recently relaxed its restrictions on foreign investment of airlines and Etihad is taking advantage. The rule changes are, of course, benefiting Jet Airways as well, as the carrier is desperate for the capital Etihad is providing. Despite the newly relaxed rules, Indian government officials retain the authority to scrutinize the transaction and may decide against approval. This latest investment, if approved, will be the last equity infusion of this type that Etihad will be able to provide Jet for the foreseeable future. Not only do India's national laws prohibit Etihad from acquiring a majority ownership in Jet, but Jet's ability to serve international routes under most bilateral air services agreements would be jeopardized should it become majority foreign-owned.
January 6, 2016 | Permalink | Comments (0)
Tuesday, January 5, 2016
Study Shows Unintended Consequences from Tarmac Delay Rule
A recently published study on the effects of the U.S. Department of Transportation's 2010 Tarmac Delay Rule is receiving considerable media attention. The study by researchers at Dartmouth and MIT found that the rule has been successful in its intended goal of reducing the number of delays in which passengers are stranded on the tarmac for an excessive period of time, but that flight cancellations and non-tarmac delays have increased as a consequence of airlines' attempts to comply with the rule. The study's authors propose alterations to minimize the rule's negative effects, such as increasing the tarmac delay threshold from 3 to 3.5 hours and exempting evening flights from the rule to reduce cancellations that strand passengers overnight.
January 5, 2016 | Permalink | Comments (0)
Wednesday, December 16, 2015
EU General Court Overturns Air Cargo Price Fixing Penalties
The EU General Court today struck down €790 million in fines levied by the European Commission against 11 airlines in a 2010 antitrust decision. The Commission had accused the airlines of colluding on prices for fuel surcharges and security measures, but the court found the Commission's case wanting. It is not yet known whether the Commission will appeal the ruling to the European Court of Justice.
December 16, 2015 | Permalink | Comments (0)


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5 reviews | 5 out of 5
High quality dvd. Worked great met all expectations with no glitches.
Always a classic. I've been wanting this for years, but I didn't want to pay full price for something I only watch around Christmas. I think it would be worth the price if you don't have a tight budget. This movie is great and my kids love it too!
my grandaughter loves rudolph this is the movie I grew up with and we always watch it every year, her copy she had dissapeared some how thank goodness I could replace it, it arrived just in time for xmas, and my grandaughter was thrilled.
great movie wish i had gotten 2 copies


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Florida Still Likely To Have Problems at the Polls
It has been 8 years since Florida's shitty little elections system robbed us of ever knowing 100% who truly deserved to be President of the United States.You'd think we'd have straightened this out by now.
Not so.Common Cause, a nonpartisan voters watchdog group, released its annual report on voting preparedness in swing states yesterday and identified Florida as one of the three most problematic.
Amongst the biggest red flags to the group is Fthe state's voter verification procedure.
Uniquely, Florida will continue to require that prospective voters prove eligibility by providing the exact information that appears on existing state databases. This policy often results in rejections of valid registered voters if the voter provides a variant of his or her name instead of a full name, a clerical error is made on the election administration side, or a voter makes another minor mistake.
They also cite the state's new voter ID requirements, a move that could disenfranchise minorities, young people, the elderly and the poor.
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The group cited the training of poll workers and efforts to educate potential voters on how to register as "exemplary." So it's not a total trashing.
A full breakdown of the report on Florida can be found here.
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