text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jan 11, 1994
|Filing date
|Jul 27, 1992
|Priority date
|Jul 27, 1992
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Louis D. Carlo, Michael J. Shives, Jon E. Garner
|Original Assignee
|Winner International Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (17), Referenced by (33), Classifications (11), Legal Events (8)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates generally to devices which are used to disperse animals and more particularly to devices which generate sound to disperse animals in a non-destructive manner.
The invention is particularly applicable to and will be described with specific reference to an electronic audio alarm mounted in a vehicle which is effective upon actuation to confuse and disperse animals so that automotive collisions caused by animals running into the path of a moving vehicle are avoided without injury to the animal. However, the invention need not necessarily be limited to moving vehicles and could be installed in stationary objects such as tents or the like or function as perimeter fences to avoid animal intrusion into a defined area.
There are countless instances where animals have wandered into spaces or areas occupied by humans or vice versa with devastating consequences to the animal or to the human. It should suffice to simply reflect on the number of animal carcasses littering highways as a result of the animal running or darting into the path of a moving vehicle. This is perhaps the most common example and it is this problem to which the present invention principally relates. However, there are other applications. Hunters and campers can be intruded upon by animals wandering into their tents or campsites. In an urban setting, postmen and metermen traditionally encounter threatening animals in their work. Still further, farmers and ranchers have need to set aside certain areas where unwanted animal intrusion does not occur.
The prior art has recognized this problem and certain devices have been produced which relate generally to the subject matter of the present invention. It is known that animals, or at least many animals, can detect ultrasonic sound waves and use the ultrasonic sound waves to detect the source of the sound. Conceptually this is illustrated in FIG. 1 by an object 1 emitting an ultrasonic sound wave designated by reference numeral 2 at a given frequency which animal 3 hears. Ultrasound wave 2 includes waves 2a and 2b which reflect or bounce off stationary objects such as trees 4a and 4b and are reflected as shown to the ears of animal 3. Animal 3 is believed to discern the time lag resulting from the increased reflective distances of waves 2a, 2b to locate the position of object 1.
Utilizing this concept, mechanical devices have been proposed which generate ultrasonic sounds which vary in frequency. Because the ultrasonic sounds vary in frequency or alternatively stated, vary in wave length, the animal is believed to try to locate the sound by attempting to discern the time lag resulting from non-existent reflective waves, which "time lag" results from the varying frequencies of the ultrasonic sounds emitted by the mechanical device. The animal thus becomes confused while it tries to spatially reconstruct the position from which the sound emanates. Tests have shown that the animal is dispersed or leaves the vicinity from which the sound emanates because it is confused. In any event, the animal does not inadvertently move towards the sound. Significantly, the animal is not injured by the ultrasonic sound waves nor is its hearing impaired.
One mechanical device operating on this principle is currently available under the brand name of DAZZLER. The device is mechanical and adapted for hand-held applications, specifically one in which a postman or a meterman would use the device to ward off a dog attack. However, the ability of any mechanical device to generate consistent, repeatable sounds in an intense manner is limited. The durability of any mechanical device is questionable. Significantly, devices which mechanically produce sound waves have inherent limitations in their ability to precisely produce closely controlled sound waves. As of the date of this application, tests are still being conducted on such devices including that of the present invention. It is possible that close control of the wavelenths of the ultrasonic wave becomes much more critical in an application where a moving object, i.e., an automobile, is involved than that involving a standing or slow-moving object.
Accordingly, it is a principal object of the present invention to provide an electronic device or alarm which can consistently and repeatedly produce ultrasonic sounds in a sequenced varying manner to confuse, disorient or disperse animals without injury thereto.
This object along with other features of the invention is achieved, generally, in a device for dispersing in a non-destructive manner, animals capable of hearing sounds at ultrasonic frequencies, which device includes a sound transducer operable to generate sounds at ultrasonic frequencies, and an electrical mechanism or circuit actuated by an electrical power source for causing the transducer to generate, in a periodically repeating manner, pluralities of first and second sequenced sound waves with varying, ultrasonic frequencies whereby an ultrasonic warble effect of a siren is generated by the transducer to confuse and disperse the animal.
In accordance with another aspect of the invention, a motor vehicle is provided with an anti-collision, ultrasonic sounding alarm preventing animals who are capable of detecting ultrasonic sounds from colliding with the motor vehicle. The alarm includes a source of electrical power from the motor vehicle, i.e., its battery, and an electrical driver mechanism or circuit for converting the electrical power into a plurality of electrical pulses having voltage wave forms of sequenced, varying frequencies. A piezo-electric transducer mechanism receives the electrical pulses in the sequential manner in which they are generated and in response thereto generates ultrasonic sound waves at the varying frequencies of the sequenced, electrical waves so that the ultrasonic sound waves are variably sequenced to simulate the warble effect of a siren whereby the animal, hearing the ultrasonic siren simulated sound, becomes confused and disoriented.
In accordance with yet another aspect of the invention, a device is provided for use in a motor vehicle to disperse, without injury, animals capable of hearing ultrasonic sounds and the device includes a driver mechanism or circuit for sequentially generating first and second pluralities of electrical pulses in predetermined wave forms of varying frequency, a coupling transformer receiving at its primary the sequentially generated first and second pluralities of electrical waves, a capacitor in parallel with the secondary of the transformer and a piezo-electric transducer in parallel with the transformer and capacitor for sequentially generating first and second pluralities of varying ultrasonic sounds correlated in wave lengths to the first and second pluralities of electrical waves so that the transducer generates periodically repeating different ultrasonic sounds in the warble effect of a siren to confuse and disorient the animal whereby collision between the animal and the motor vehicle is avoided.
In accordance with a more specific feature of the invention, the transformer generates a constant peak-to-peak voltage as a continuous sine wave which is applied to the piezo-electric transducer to permit the transducer to emit sound levels at intensities which are higher than that possible with other wave forms without the transducer overheating and prematurely failing.
In accordance with yet another specific aspect of the invention, the driver utilizes a Class "C", low-duty cycle operational amplifier or transistor which generates less heat than amplifiers operating in a Class "A" or Class "B" cycle (and thus requires a smaller heat sink) while reducing the number of components in the circuit and eliminating the need for a sine wave shaping circuit which would otherwise be required to drive the piezo-electric transducer.
In accordance with a specific, important feature of the invention, the driver includes a microprocessor for generating a plurality of electrical waves of continuously varying frequency and a timing mechanism or circuit operable in conjunction with the microprocessor for periodically changing the sequence of the varying frequencies from one where the frequencies increase over a discrete time period to one where the frequencies decrease. Specifically, the timing mechanism operates to cause the microprocessor to generate a series of electrical pulse waves which sequentially increase in frequency from about 19 to about 24 kHz. and sequentially decrease in frequency from about 24 to about 19 kHz. with the timing mechanism causing the microprocessor to switch the generation of the electrical waves from increasing to decreasing frequencies at about every 200 milliseconds so that a precise, durable and consistently repeatable, inexpensive circuit is provided for electrically driving the transducer.
In accordance with a more specific but important feature of the invention, the driver circuit generates voltages in square wave form at varying frequencies which is amplified by a transistor operating in a Class "C" cycle to significantly boost the power inputted to the transducer in an inexpensive circuit and, the square wave voltage is transformed into a continuous sine wave voltage of varying frequencies with constant peak-to-peak voltage by the coupling transformer without the necessity of a separate wave forming circuit.
In accordance with yet another aspect of the invention, a method for preventing animals from running into the path of a moving vehicle is provided which includes the steps of providing an electronic driver powered by the vehicle's battery for generating a first plurality of voltage wave forms having increasing frequencies followed by a second plurality of voltage wave forms having decreasing frequencies; providing the vehicle with a piezo-electric transducer capable of producing ultrasonic sounds and inputting the voltage wave forms to the transducer to cause the transducer to emit a first plurality of ultrasonic sounds sequenced with increasing frequency followed by a second plurality of ultrasonic sounds sequenced with decreasing frequency whereby the warble effect of a siren is simulated to cause the animal to avoid moving into the path of the vehicle.
In accordance with other features of the invention, the driver circuit includes a low-voltage detector circuit which disarms the device if the vehicle's battery is discharged or low. The driver circuit also includes a motion detector device which senses vibrations imparted to the vehicle when its engine is operating so that the alarm is only actuated when the vehicle is in motion or its engine running. Finally, an inexpensive light emitting diode is provided to indicate to the vehicle operator when the piezo-electric transducer is in operation.
It is thus one of the objects of the invention to provide an electronic device which consistently and repeatedly generates varying ultrasonic sounds in the warble effect of a siren.
It is yet another object of the invention to provide a device which has the ability to accurately and precisely generate ultrasonic sounds at closely controlled intensities and closely controlled frequencies.
It is yet another object of the invention to provide an ultrasonic sound alarm in a vehicle which, upon actuation, is effective to prevent animals from running into the path of the vehicle when moving.
It is yet another object of the invention to provide an electronic device for generating ultrasonic sounds in the warble effect of a siren which utilizes a minimum number of circuits with each circuit utilizing a minimum number of electrical components to provide an inexpensive alarm.
A still further object of the invention is to provide a simplified, inexpensive animal alarm sounding circuit which provides significant amplification of electrical voltage to drive a piezo-electric transducer to its maximum intensity.
Still yet another object of the invention is to provide in a nondestructive animal dispersing device utilizing ultrasonic sound waves, a simple, inexpensive sine wave generator permitting the piezo-electric ultrasonic sound wave transducer to operate at significantly higher intensities without over-heating and premature failure.
A still further object of the invention is to provide a method for preventing animals from moving into the path of an oncoming vehicle without injury to the animal.
These and other objects of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading and understanding the detailed description of the invention set forth below.
The invention may take physical form in certain parts and arrangement of parts, a preferred embodiment of which will be described in detail and illustrated in the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof and wherein:
FIG. 1 a diagrammatic, pictorial illustration of sound wave transmission in the environment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic graph of frequency versus time showing sine wave voltages generated during operation of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic graph of voltage versus time depicting the sine wave voltages generated during operation of the invention;
FIG. 4 is an electrical schematic drawing illustrating a portion of the circuitry used in the electronic device of the invention; and
FIG. 5 is an electrical, schematic drawing of another portion of the circuit of the present invention, specifically, the piezo-electric transducer's electrical circuit.
Referring now to the drawings wherein the showings are for the purposes of illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention only and not for the purposes of limiting the same, there is shown in FIG. 1 an audio alarm 10 marketed under its brand name ANIMAL LOVER which is mounted in a moving vehicle 12. Alarm 10 emits ultrasonic sounds of generally constant intensity but of varying frequency. More specifically, the ultrasonic sound waves generated by alarm 10 have wave forms which increase in frequency for a discrete period of time after which the wave forms decrease in frequency for a similar discrete period of time. Diagrammatically, the ultrasonic sound is indicated by reference numeral 14 in FIG. 1 and the ultrasonic sound wave when increasing in frequency is indicated by reference numeral 14a in FIG. 1 while the ultrasonic sound wave when decreasing in frequency is indicated by reference numeral 14b in FIG. 1, although it should be clear that one sound comprised of a multitude of sound waves of varying frequency is produced by alarm 10. Because sound wave 14 is increasing and decreasing in wave frequency or wave length, the wave can be analogized to that of a warble effect produced by a siren. As indicated in the Background above when animal 3 is subjected to this warble effect, especially when the varying frequency sound wave is reflected off stationary objects such as trees, 4a, 4b, animal 3 is no longer able to discern the "time lag" and becomes confused and disoriented. It moves away from the source of the sound until the intensity of the sound diminishes. One thing is clear. The animal does not continue to move towards the sound because the intensity of the sound increases as the animal moves closer to the source of the sound.
The circuit employed in the preferred embodiment of alarm 10 is diagrammatically shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 which are to be understood to be conventional wiring diagrams. FIG. 4 principally illustrates the driver circuit or driver means or driver 20 while FIG. 5 illustrates the transducer circuit or transducer means generally indicated by reference numeral 30. It is to be understood that the circuits described are effected on a printed circuit board (not shown) with the electrical components soldered or wired into the circuit board in conventional manner. Thus the alarm 10 can be viewed as physically comprising a simple box containing a printed circuit board and an ultrasonic microphone or transducer either physically affixed to the box or remotely wired thereto with power to the board supplied from the vehicle's battery.
Referring first to FIG. 5, there is shown transducer circuit 30 which includes a coupling transformer 31, a capacitor 34 in parallel with transformer 31, a load resistor 35 in series with transformer 31 and an ultrasonic piezo-electric transducer 36 in parallel with capacitor 34 and transformer 31. Finally, a light emitting diode 38 is in parallel with resistor 35 to indicate to the operator of motor vehicle 12 that alarm 10 is operational. Set forth below in tabular form is a listing of each electrical component shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, by description, part number and the source from which the component can be purchased.
Insofar as transducer circuit 30 has been described, it is to be understood that input to the primary side 32 of transformer 31 is a voltage in the form of square waves with varying frequencies which periodically increase and decrease. Transformer 31 converts at its secondary 33 the voltage from a square wave form to a sinusoidal wave form. Because the time at which transducer 36 is exposed to electrical voltage at the maximum voltage of a sinusoidal wave (which is 40 volts in the preferred embodiment) is less than that at which the transducer would be exposed to the maximum voltage of a square voltage wave, the transducer can be exposed to significantly higher voltage or electrical pulses in sinusoidal wave form to emit more intense sounds without overheating and prematurely failing which would otherwise occur (for the same sized transducer) with a square wave or similarly shaped voltage wave form. One skilled in the art will readily recognize that other wave forms could also be employed to generate short time durations of peak voltage to similarly drive transducer 36 without overheating transducer 36 and such other wave forms fall within the broad concept of the invention disclosed herein. However, it is a specific inventive feature of the invention to use a sinusoidal voltage wave form because a) no special wave generating circuit is required as the sine wave results from transformer 31 and/or b) for sound generation, the smooth shape of the sinusoidal node is preferred. It is to be understood that the peak-to-peak voltage of the square wave at the transformer's primary 30 is constant and the peak-to-peak sinusoidal wave voltage at the transformer's secondary 33 is also constant. It has been found that ceramic speakers, i.e., 1.5" direct radiating tweeters, available from Motorola as Model Nos. KSN 1075A, 1076A, 1101A, have excellent response level in the ultrasonic frequency range and function well as piezo-electric transducer 36. For definitional purposes a wave will be considered ultrasonic if its frequency is at least 18-20 Khz.
Also, it should be noted that the sizing of capacitor 34 and resistor 35 is selected to be at resonance at the mid-point frequency of the voltage sine waves in transducer circuit 30. That is, in the preferred embodiment, it has been found that, sine wave frequency should optimally vary in a sequenced frequency between 21 and 24 kHz. so that the components of transducer 30 are sized or tuned to be at an optimal response time or resonance at 23 kHz.
The electrical schematic diagram for driver 24 is illustrated in FIG. 4 and is to be understood that solid nodes shown in the drawing represent line connections and connections to the printed circuit board which is conventional. In addition, some of the lines which will not be numbered nor described herein other than that they are shown in the drawings are thin track and function as fuses in a conventional manner. All components of the circuits disclosed in FIGS. 4 and 5 will be given a reference numeral and, for the preferred embodiment, will be specifically identified in tabular form below. In the interest of brevity, the description of the operation of some components disclosed in the circuit will not be discussed because it is believed that the operation of the components, once identified below and taken in connection with the drawing will be readily apparent or obvious to an ordinary artisan.
The vehicle's battery (which obviously includes the alternator--not shown) is schematically shown at reference numeral 40 and provides power to driver 20 at contacts 41, 42 with one of the contacts connected to earth-ground. (All other earth-grounds are shown in the drawing.) All components used in the circuit are conventional. Voltage in is at 12 volts and biasing voltage is at 5 volts.
Power for the circuit board from battery 40 is provided by a positive voltage regulator 44 in an arrangement as shown which includes diode 45 and capacitor 46.
There are two square wave generators, each employing operational amplifier circuits. One square wave generator is shown contained within dash lines indicated by reference numeral 48 and functions as a crank detector to generate the base square wave diagrammatically shown by reference numeral 52 so long as battery 40 is not discharged, i.e., low-voltage detector. The other operational amplifier circuit is a vibration detector circuit and is contained within dash lines indicated by reference numeral 49. Vibration detector circuit 49 likewise generates a square wave designated by reference numeral 63 provided that vibrations from the engine of motor vehicle 12 are sensed. In other words, if motor vehicle's engine is running, vibration detector circuit 49 is operational and generates the square wave schematically shown to permit operation of alarm 10. Both crank detector circuit 48 and vibration detector circuit 49 employ operational amplifiers operating in a Class "C" cycle or operation.
Class "C" amplifier cycle is used in its classic, conventionally defined sense. It means that the quiescent operating point or Q point on the DC load line of the amplifiers characteristic curves (collector current on the Y axis and collector-to-emitter voltage on the X axis) is below the cut-off point (the X axis) of the load line. While "Class C" amplifiers do introduce significant amplitude distortion, collector-to-emitter voltage is increased to provide maximum voltage or power to transducer circuit 30. Inherent in the "Class C" amplifier cycle is that the amplifier or transistor is cooler running than that which would occur in a typical "Class A" or "Class B" or "Class A-B" operational amplifier cycle which would generate a substantially higher heat output and thus require a larger heat sink. Also the other operational cycles ("A", "B", "A-B") would have more parts and would require a sine wave shaping circuit in order to drive piezo-electric transducer 36 to its maximum or highest sound output.
Crank detector circuit 48 has an inverting operational amplifier 50 with components arranged as shown to generate a voltage in square wave shape or form with constant peak-to-peak voltages as schematically indicated by reference numeral 52. Components in crank detectors circuit 48 include resistors 54, 55, 56 and 57 and capacitors 59 and 60 connected to form a circuit as shown.
Vibration detector circuit 49 similarly employs an inverting operational amplifier 62 and electrical components to generate a square wave with constant peak-to-peak voltage schematically indicated by reference numeral 63. The components include resistors 65, 66, 67, and 68 and a capacitor 69 in the amplifier's biasing voltage connected in the circuit as shown. In addition, in series with resistor 65 is a motion sensor 70 connected to contacts 71, 72 as shown and motion sensor 70 must be actuated by motion experienced by vehicle 12 to allow current to pass in vibration detector circuit 49. Voltage in for vibration detector circuit 49 is at contacts 71, 73.
As shown, square waves 52, 63 are inputted into a conventional, 8-bit CMOS microprocessor 75. For reference purposes, microprocessor 75 has 18 pins with pin number 1 correlated to RA-2, pin 9 correlated to RB-3, pin 10 correlated to RB-4 and pin 18 correlated to RA-1 as shown in FIG. 4. Output of microprocessor is at the pin correlated to RB-7. Also, connected to microprocessor 75 is a resistor 77 and a capacitor 78 both of which are connected to earth ground. Also connected to microprocessor 75 is a timing mechanism or timing circuit. The timing circuit includes a 4.0 MHz. resonator 80 and first and second capacitors 81, 82.
The software built into microprocessor 75 multiplies and/or divides the incoming square wave so that its frequency or wave length is sequentially increased or decreased and resonator 80 in combination with first and second capacitors 81, 82 acts to switch microprocessor 75 from increasing the wave frequency to decreasing the wave frequency and from decreasing the frequency to increasing the frequency at discrete time periods i.e., shift times T1. That is as one capacitor, say first capacitor 81 is charged, the other capacitor, second capacitor 82 is discharged so that microprocessor software is increasing the frequency and when resonator 80, timed at 4 MHz., switches the charging and discharging function of first and second capacitors 81, 82, microprocessor 75 acts to decreases the frequency or wave length of the square pulses emitted at RB-7 which are shown schematically in FIG. 4 as reference numeral 83.
Schematically, and in a general sense, the shape of the voltage wave forms is indicated in FIGS. 2 and 3. Conceptually, microprocessor 75 outputs a first square voltage wave form which in one version of the preferred embodiment has a frequency of 19 kHz. and which is schematically shown in FIG. 2 by reference numeral 90a. The microprocessor software then generates the second square wave form at a frequency of 20 kHz. shown as reference numeral 90b. During the iterative time (shown as Ta, Tb.Tc, etc.) it takes microprocessor 75 to complete its mathematical functions to sequentially step the frequency (or alternative the wave length) of the voltage wave form to its next higher frequency voltage wave, it will be assumed that a plurality of waves occur at the set frequency. Because the wave length changes with frequency, more voltage wave forms will be produced during the iterative time periods (Ta, Tb, etc.), which in FIG. 2 is shown as constant, as the frequency is sequentially stepped to higher values. The microprocessor continues its iterative function to sequentially step or increase the frequency of the voltage square wave until square wave form 90f is generated at a frequency of 24 kHz. The timing circuit through resonator 80 and capacitors 81, 82 then forces the logic to reverse itself to produce wave forms descending in frequency, i.e., 90e, 90d, 90c, 90b until 90a repeats at which time microprocessor 75 is shifted again through the timing circuit. The shift times are schematically illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3 and are designated T1 and are shown as being equal in time duration so that the warble effect of a siren is produced. In the preferred embodiment, a shift time T1 of 200 milliseconds for resonator 80, capacitors 81, 82 and microprocessor 75 has given good results.
In reality, there may be a plurality of varying wave forms generated (and which are indicated by dash lines 92 in FIG. 2) between the time wave form 90a is produced and wave form 90b is produced. In other words, during the iterative time period Ta, Tb, Tc etc. that it takes microprocessor to complete its mathematical functions and change the frequency of the wave form a plurality of waves at a fixed frequency can occur, or alternatively, during the iterative time periods, Ta, Tb, Tc, Td, etc., a plurality of wave forms 92 of varying frequency can occur depending on the microprocessor. In either instance, the concept is the same. A microprocessor in combination with a timing circuit is used to perform iterative functions to sequentially step the frequency of the voltage waves towards higher frequencies or shorter wave lengths and then reverse to lower frequencies or longer wave lengths after a plurality of iterative time steps have occurred during a predetermined discrete shift time period. In the broad sense of the invention any iterative function can be utilized to generate any type of desired sequencing of the "warble" and delays can be built into the timing circuit to interrupt the warble.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, a frequency commencing at 21 kHz. and continuing until 24 kHz. immediately followed by a decrease in sequence from 24 kHz. to 21 kHz. has produced excellent results in dispersing animals an it is preferred. As indicated in the graphs, the frequency range from 19 to 24 kHz. has also been found to be effective. It is believed that alarm 10 will prove effective when operating within increasing sequences of frequency ranges of anywhere between 19 to 30 Khz. or any subrange within that range. The invention in its broader sense contemplates that there could be a delay between ascending and descending frequencies. That is a delay between shift times T1 can be built into the circuit or a delay can be built into the circuit after some predetermined shift times T1 have occurred. Perhaps more significantly, the software could be modified to include a concentration of wave forms at any given frequency which could find use depending on a specific application. For example, in a stationary application, certain animals may have a particular sensitivity to a specific series of ultrasonic sounds that other animals do not and it those animals which are to be prevented from entering into a certain, defined area. A warble siren effect could be constructed centered or at resonance at a particular frequency. For example, iterative time periods Tb and Tc could be constructed to have the same frequency. Again, test results have demonstrated that the continuous ascending and descending warble has been determined to be most effective for dispersing animals in a non-destructive manner and it is a specific inventive feature that the driver disclosed herein develops this warble.
FIG. 3 schematically illustrates by dash lines shown by reference numerals 90a. 90b, 90c, etc., the square wave form 83 generated at microprocessor's output pin RB7. For drawing clarity the iterative times Ta, Tb, etc., are shown as varying (when in fact the iterative times are relatively constant) so that only one wave form is shown. Because the operational amplifiers 50, 62 are operating in a Class "C" cycle, the base line voltage is shown as having some value, V0, with peak-to-peak voltage shown as 40 volts which is its value in the preferred embodiment. FIG. 3 shows the sinusoidal wave form 100 generated in transducer circuit 30 which is formed from square voltage wave form 83 generated in driver circuit 20.
Referring now to FIG. 4, the increasing - decreasing varying sequenced square voltage wave form 83 produced by microprocessor 75 is then amplified in transistor 95 which is an operational amplifier operating in a Class "C" operation or cycle as discussed above. The amplified, sequenced varying frequency wave form is then inputted to the primary side 32 of transformer 31. A capacitor 97 is connected to the opposite primary side 32 and to ground to complete the circuit.
Set forth below in tabular form is a description of each component illustrated in circuit diagrams FIG. 4 and 5 by part number and the supplier from whom the component can be purchased. As stated above, all circuit components are conventional.
__________________________________________________________________________REF. ITEM/ PARTNUM. DESCRIPTION NUMBER SUPPLIER__________________________________________________________________________31 TRANSFORMER 3456-01 TRANSFOM- ERS, INC.34 CAPACITOR, .47 uf ARPM00474 AEROVOX METALIZED POLYPROPYLENE 15JHFBK2235 RESISTOR, 15 ohm CRCW2010- DALE 5% SURFACE MOUNT 150JRT136 TRANSDUCER KSN1075ENG MOTOROLA39 LED, RED LTL-4211N LITE-ON44 POSITIVE VOLTAGE MC78L05ABD MOTOROLA REGULATOR45 DIODE, SOD 87 PRLL4001 PHILLPS46 CAPACITOR, TAJB106M- AVX 10 uf, 6.3 V, TANT 00650 LOW POWER DUAL OPERA- LM258DT SGS TIONAL AMPLIFIER THOMPSON54, 56 RESISTOR, 10K, 5% CR21-103F- KOS57 T55 RESISTOR, 3.3K, 1X CR21-332F- KOS T59, 60 CAPACITOR, 33 pf, 50 v, 500R15H JOHANSON69, 78 10% 103KVE65, 77 RESISTOR, 10K, 5% CR21-103J- KOA68 T67 RESISTOR, 1M, 5% CR21-105J- KOA T70 MOTION SENSOR KBS-20DA- AVX 7A75 EPROM BASED 8-BIT P1C16C54 MICROCHIP CMOS MICROCONTROLLER80 RESONATOR, 4.000 MHZ PBRC- AVX 4.00AR81, 82 CAPACITOR, 33 pf, 50 v, 500R15NV4E JOHANSON 10%94, 66 RESISTOR, 180 ohm, 5% CR21-181J- KOA T95 TRANSISTOR MJF122 MOTOROLA97 CAPACITOR, .47 uf, 25 V, 515D227M02 SPRAGUE AL EL 5BB6A__________________________________________________________________________
The invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment. Obviously, modifications and alterations will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the specifications hereof and understanding the invention. It is intended to include all such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the present invention.
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|Mcgaughy William
|Animal warning device
|Dec 11, 2009
|Jun 28, 2012
|Noritaka Kokido
|Sound output device for electric vehicle
|Sep 20, 2012
|Sep 4, 2014
|Seung Noh Lee
|Device for repelling animals using acoustic waves
|Dec 9, 2011
|Nov 13, 2014
|Norma O'Hara
|Methods for modification of insect behaviour
|Sep 29, 2003
|Apr 22, 2009
|System for avoiding the collision of a vehicle with animals
|Jan 18, 2002
|Jul 23, 2003
|Charles Patrick Byrne
|Sound generating means for freeing the pathway of moving vehicles
|Mar 22, 1999
|Sep 30, 1999
|Robert Bosch Gmbh
|Control circuit for an alarm tone generator
|May 16, 2002
|May 1, 2003
|Multitecno Srl
|Device for acoustic rodent control
|Sep 29, 2003
|Apr 29, 2004
|C. R. F. Societa Consortile Per Azioni
|System to avoid the collision of a vehicle with animals
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jul 27, 1992
Owner name: WINNER INTERNATIONAL, PENNSYLVANIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:CARLO, LOUIS D.;SHIVES, MICHAEL J.;GARNER, JON E.;REEL/FRAME:006234/0243
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Owner name: WINNER INTERNATIONAL ROYALTY CORPORATION, PENNSYLV
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Effective date: 20070206


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Every Friday Evening | June - August | 6pm - 11pm
Join us Friday nights, June 3 to August 26, for Venture Out! Festival Series in Millcreek. Admission is F-R-E-E.
Each week's show is at a new venue in Millcreek so check out our schedule to get the exact location and event info.
6pm-9pm - Enjoy live music, outdoor recreation activities, great food, unique community market, and arts.
Dusk (approx.9pm) -Movie under-the-stars on the big screen.
Bring your blankets, pillows and low-back chairs to get comfy and let's celebrate summer in Millcreek. Movie line-up >
Venture Out! On The Edge - July 29
Fri 6:00 pm - 11:00 pm
Canyon Rim Park
Venture Out! For The Gold - August 5
Fri 6:00 pm - 11:00 pm
Mt. Olympus Eastwood Elementary
Venture Out! On A Rim - August 12
Fri 6:00 pm - 11:00 pm
Evergreen Park
Venture Out! To Explore - August 19
Fri 6:00 pm - 11:00 pm
Canyon Rim Park
Click HERE to receive emails about the upcoming festivals and stay up-to-date on all things Venture Out!....

subset: commoncrawl


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HOMESTEAD, Fla. — Brad Keselowski, loud, a little buzzed and soaked in beer, bounded through the door with an oversized bottle of champagne in one hand and his cellphone in the other. He plopped down next to Roger Penske, a pillar of the American auto industry, and triumphantly slapped him on the back.
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|Ertio Lew <ertio...@gmail.com>
|Which of these VPS configurations would perform better for Cassandra ?
|Sat, 03 Aug 2013 18:33:52 GMT
I am building a cluster(initially starting with a 2-3 nodes cluster). I have came across two seemingly good options for hosting, Linode & Digital Ocean. VPS configuration for both listed below: Linode:- ------------------ XEN Virtualization 2 GB RAM 8 cores CPU (2x priority) (8 processor Xen instances) 96 GB Storage Digital Ocean:- ------------------------- KVM Virtualization 2GB Memory 2 Cores 40GB ***SSD *Disk*** Digitial Ocean's VPS is at half price of above listed Linode VPS, Could you clarify which of these two VPS would be better as Cassandra nodes ?
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text:
All hotels in Bude, England, United Kingdom
1 room, 2 adults
Bush, Bude, England, EX23 9JZ, United Kingdom, 800-491-6126
Bosvean House, Cornwall (county)
Lowest price$87
Best Price Guarantee
Upscale B&B in Bude
- Free WiFi in lobby and free parking
Main amenities
- 5 smoke-free guestrooms
- Breakfast available
What's around
- The Castle Bude (2.3 mi / 3.7 km)
- Bude Beach (2.3 mi / 3.8 km)
- Crooklets Beach (2.7 mi / 4.4 km)
- Sandy Mouth Beach (4 mi / 6.4 km)
- Duckpool (4.5 mi / 7.2 km)
Feel at home
- Television
- Free toiletries
- Hair dryer
- Coffee/tea maker
- Bathrobes
- Free self parking
We spent three very pleasant nights at this establishment. Our hosts were very friendly…
Lovely comfortable place. Everything perfect
TripAdvisor Traveller Rating: 5
From 64 reviews
Bosvean House, Cornwall (county)
Hotel Info: 866-539-8117from $87
- Double Room, Ensuite (Cream)
- Single Room, 1 Double Bed, Ensuite
- Twin Room, Twin Beds, Ensuite (Green)
- Double Room, Ensuite (Lilac)
Also popular with travelers from the USA
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 5 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 2 floors
- Check-in time 4 PM-9 PM
- Check-out time is 10 AM
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
Travelling with others
- No cribs (infant beds)
- Pets not allowed
- Free WiFi in public areas
- Free self parking
Other information
- Smoke-free property
Nearby Four Star Cornwall (county) hotels
In the hotel
Food and drink
- Cooked-to-order breakfast (surcharge)
In the room
Home comforts
- Coffee/tea maker
- Bathrobes
- Iron/ironing board (on request)
Freshen up
- Free toiletries
- Hair dryer
Be entertained
Top Cornwall (county) hotels
Recently reviewed hotels in Cornwall (county)
- The Bickford ArmsFrom
"This was a perfect stop while Castle hoping the room was spacious, bed was comfortable,great shower. The owners were super friendly and the local bar/ restaurant aptmosphier with…"Jun 12, 2016
- MennabroomFrom
"Staying here was truly one of the highlights of our two weeks in the UK. Peaceful, pastoral setting. Comfortable room. Very warm welcome. Absolutely delicious breakfast was…"Jun 9, 2016
- Melorne FarmFrom
"Beautiful setting and establishment. Impeccably clean. Gracious and thoughtful hosts. Delightful food that was attractive and delicious. Would definitely recommend this to…"May 25, 2016
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"The views were spectacular and the staff very friendly and helpful. Our room looked out over the ocean. The beds were somewhat uncomfortable but everything else was great."May 25, 2016
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I would like to take advantage of implicit animations provided by CALayer, but I can't seem to get it to work. In my view controller, I declare an instance variable CALayer *testLayer. I instantiate testLayer with this code.
- (void)viewDidLoad {
testLayer = [[CALayer alloc] init];
testLayer.bounds = CGRectMake(0, 0, 100, 100);
testLayer.position = CGPointMake(400, 400);
[testLayer setBackgroundColor:[UIColor redColor].CGColor];
testLayer.delegate = self;
[self.view.layer addSublayer:testLayer];
[testLayer release];
Then in touchesBegan, I remove the layer from its superlayer.
- (void) touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event {
[testLayer removeFromSuperlayer];
The layer disappears instantaneously, without any animation. How can I enable implicit animations for this CALayer?


text:
Chili Peppers
"My mother gave us chili peppers before we went to bed," said Samuel, recalling his difficult childhood in sub-Saharan Africa. "We drank water to cool our mouths, and then we would feel full." He added, "It did not work well."
Government upheaval had forced Samuel's father to flee for his life, leaving their mother as the family's sole provider. Then his brother contracted sickle cell anemia, and they couldn't afford medical care. Their mother took them to church, but it didn't mean much to Sam. How could God allow our family to suffer like this? he wondered.
Then one day a man learned about their plight. He got the essential medicine and brought it to them. "On Sunday we will go to this man's church," his mother announced. Right away Sam sensed something different about this church. They celebrated their relationship with Jesus by living His love.
That was three decades ago. Today in this part of the world, Sam has started more than 20 churches, a large school, and a home for orphans. He's continuing the legacy of true religion taught by James, the brother of Jesus, who urged us not to "merely listen to the word" but to "do what it says" (James 1:22). "Religion that God our Father accepts as pure and faultless is this: to look after orphans and widows in their distress" (v. 27).
There's no telling what a simple act of kindness done in Jesus' name can do.
Resting and Waiting
It was high noon. Jesus, foot-weary from His long journey, was resting beside Jacob's well. His disciples had gone into the city of Sychar to buy bread. A woman came out of the city to draw water . . . and found her Messiah. The account tells us that she quickly went into the city and invited others to come hear "a man who told me everything I ever did" (John 4:29).
The disciples came back bringing bread. When they urged Jesus to eat, He said to them, "My food . . . is to do the will of him who sent me and to finish his work" (v. 34).
Now I ask you: What work had Jesus been doing? He'd been resting and waiting by the well.
I find great encouragement in this story for I am living with physical limitations. This passage tells me that I do not have to scurry about—worrying myself about doing the will of my Father and getting His work done. In this season of life, I can rest and wait for Him to bring His work to me.
Similarly, your tiny apartment, your work cubicle, your prison cell, or your hospital bed can become a "Jacob's well," a place to rest and to wait for your Father to bring His work to you. I wonder who He'll bring to you today?
No Greater Joy
Bob and Evon Potter were a fun-loving couple with three young sons when their life took a wonderful new direction. In 1956 they attended a Billy Graham Crusade in Oklahoma City and gave their lives to Christ. Before long, they wanted to reach out to others to share their faith and the truth about Christ, so they opened their home every Saturday night to high school and college students who had a desire to study the Bible. A friend invited me and I became a regular at the Potters' house.
This was a serious Bible study that included lesson preparation and memorizing Scripture. Surrounded by an atmosphere of friendship, joy, and laughter, we challenged each other and the Lord changed our lives during those days.
I stayed in touch with the Potters over the years and received many cards and letters from Bob who always signed them with these words: "I have no greater joy than to hear that my children are walking in the truth" (3 John 1:4). Like John writing to his "dear friend Gaius" (v. 1), Bob encouraged everyone who crossed his path to keep walking with the Lord.
A few years ago I attended Bob's memorial service. It was a joyful occasion filled with people still walking the road of faith—all because of a young couple who opened their home and their hearts to help others find the Lord.
Shine Through
A little girl wondered what a saint might be. One day her mother took her to a great cathedral to see the gorgeous stained-glass windows with scenes from the Bible. When she saw the beauty of it all she cried out loud, "Now I know what saints are. They are people who let the light shine through!"
Some of us might think that saints are people of the past who lived perfect lives and did Jesus-like miracles. But when a translation of Scripture uses the word saint, it is actually referring to anyone who belongs to God through faith in Christ. In other words, saints are people like us who have the high calling of serving God while reflecting our relationship with Him wherever we are and in whatever we do. That is why the apostle Paul prayed that the eyes and understanding of his readers would be opened to think of themselves as the treasured inheritance of Christ and saints of God (Eph. 1:18).
So what then do we see in the mirror? No halos or stained glass. But if we are fulfilling our calling, we will look like people who, maybe even without realizing it, are letting the rich colors of the love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, gentleness, faithfulness, and self-control of God shine through.
The Restoration Business
Adam Minter is in the junk business. The son of a junkyard owner, he circles the globe researching junk. In his book Junkyard Planet, he chronicles the multibillion-dollar industry of waste recycling. He notes that entrepreneurs around the world devote themselves to locating discarded materials such as copper wire, dirty rags, and plastics and repurposing them to make something new and useful.
After the apostle Paul turned his life over to the Savior, he realized his own achievements and abilities amounted to little more than trash. But Jesus transformed it all into something new and useful. Paul said, "Whatever were gains to me I now consider loss for the sake of Christ. What is more, I consider everything a loss because of the surpassing worth of knowing Christ Jesus my Lord, for whose sake I have lost all things. I consider them garbage, that I may gain Christ" (Phil. 3:7-8). As a student of religious law, he had been an angry and violent man (Acts 9:1-2). After being transformed by Christ, the tangled wreckage of his angry past was transformed into the love of Christ for others (2 Cor. 5:14-17).
If you feel that your life is just an accumulation of junk, remember that God has always been in the restoration business. When we turn our lives over to Him, He makes us into something new and useful for Him and others.


text:
Bid placed 4/6/2014 7:59 PM CST
Expires 24 hours after auction ends (4/7/2014 11:08 PM CST)
What is the lowest price you can offer? I need insurance upto $43k.
When can you pickup and deliver?
HI Dave, my price includes full insurance by a legal carrier. If you accept we can work on the dates, I'm always going to St Paul. I may put this inside my trailer.
Bid placed 4/5/2014 9:35 PM CST
Expired on 4/6
Bid placed 3/31/2014 8:43 AM CST
Expired on 4/1
Bid placed 4/3/2014 11:32 AM CST
Declined on 4/6
Bid placed 3/31/2014 9:19 AM CST
Bid placed 4/3/2014 6:38 PM CST
Bid placed 4/6/2014 4:15 AM CST
Bid placed 4/1/2014 12:58 AM CST
Bid placed 3/31/2014 4:47 PM CST
Bid placed 3/31/2014 5:27 PM CST
Canceled on 4/6
My boat is brand new and worth about $42k. Your insurance only goes to $25k. Are you able to provide more insurance?
sorry no im not
Bid placed 3/31/2014 4:43 PM CST
Canceled on 3/31
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text:
I'm Using Kubuntu 11.10 had used the Kdenlive Add-On Installer to install four YouTube profiles. Initially these did not work due to a missing library libav-extra which I installed. I then reran the config wizard.
Previously before rerunning the wizard, the profiles had appeared in render, although they hadbeen shown as unavailable due to the missing library. Now they no longer appear.
If I go into the Add-On installer, the profiles show as installed. If I click on Uninstall, the button changes to Install Again whic suggests that the profile has been removed, except the XML config files remain in /.kde/share/apps/kdenlive/export/. If I close kdenlive and reopen the add-on installer the profiles reappear as installed. Deleting the XML files makes no difference.
It would appear that the Uninstall process is broken
Fri, 04/06/2012 - 12:32
Looks like there was a problem with the xml data provided to Kdenlive from our website. Can you please try to install / uninstall again the profile to see if it works now?


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Electronic Toys
How do you feel about electronic toys?
|I like 'em -- robotic dogs are cool.
|Dolls that talk back to you are creepy.
|I don't have an opinion, but my child loves them!
|I think they limit a child's imagination.
511 Total votes cast.
Top Polls:Rewarding Good Grades
Is it okay to reward good grades with cash?
If your child were the victim of a bully, what would you do first?
Thanksgiving Main Course
What's the main course for your family's Thanksgiving feast?
Bedtime Reading
How often do you read to your kids?
Stay-at-Home vs Working Moms
If money or quality child care were not an issue, which option would you choose?


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As reported masterfully by Tom White at this blog, fifty (now I understand something less than fifty thanks to the VR and patriots writing into their delegate!) GOP delegates voted for the omnibus Agenda 21 bill!
I am glad to see that two of them were not Delegates Chris Peace (my delegate!) and John Cox(my former delegate!). I thank both Delegate Peace and Delegate Cox for saying no!


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Clarksville TN Online is the voice of the people of Clarksville Tennessee.Clarksville Online takes you beyond the ordinary in local news and gives the Extras: political coverage, opinion pieces and editorial work, local and regional arts and theater, municipal and county news and events, and more.
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To submit Clarksville Tennessee area news, story leads, tips, or press releases send us an email
Written by Elizabeth Landau
NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Pasadena, CA – An international team of astronomers has discovered and confirmed a treasure trove of new worlds using NASA's Kepler spacecraft on its K2 mission. Out of 197 initial planet candidates, scientists have confirmed 104 planets outside our solar system. Among the confirmed is a planetary system comprising four promising planets that could be rocky.
These four planets, all between 20 and 50 percent larger than Earth by diameter, are orbiting the M dwarf star K2-72, found 181 light-years away in the direction of the Aquarius constellation. The host star is less than half the size of the sun and less bright.
This artist's concept shows NASA's Kepler Space Telescope on its K2 mission. In July 2016, an international team of astronomers announced they had discovered more than 100 new planets using this telescope. (NASA/JPL-Caltech)
«Read the rest of this article»
Pasadena, CA – Astronomers have discovered the youngest fully formed exoplanet ever detected. The discovery was made using NASA's Kepler Space Telescope and its extended K2 mission, as well as the W. M. Keck Observatory on Mauna Kea, Hawaii. Exoplanets are planets that orbit stars beyond our sun.
The newfound planet, K2-33b, is a bit larger than Neptune and whips tightly around its star every five days. It is only 5 to 10 million years old, making it one of a very few newborn planets found to date.
K2-33b, shown in this illustration, is one of the youngest exoplanets detected to date. (NASA/JPL-Caltech)
Pasadena, CA – In 1936, the young star FU Orionis began gobbling material from its surrounding disk of gas and dust with a sudden voraciousness. During a three-month binge, as matter turned into energy, the star became 100 times brighter, heating the disk around it to temperatures of up to 12,000 degrees Fahrenheit (7,000 Kelvin). FU Orionis is still devouring gas to this day, although not as quickly.
This brightening is the most extreme event of its kind that has been confirmed around a star the size of the sun, and may have implications for how stars and planets form. The intense baking of the star's surrounding disk likely changed its chemistry, permanently altering material that could one day turn into planets.
The brightness of outbursting star FU Orionis has been slowly fading since its initial flare-up in 1936. Researchers found that it has dimmed by about 13 percent in short infrared wavelengths from 2004 (left) to 2016 (right). (NASA/JPL-Caltech)
Written by Maria-Jose Viñas
NASA's Earth Science News Team
Greenbelt, MD – Operation IceBridge, NASA's airborne survey of polar ice, ended its eighth spring Arctic campaign on May 21st. During their five weeks of operations, mission scientists carried out six research flights over sea ice and ten over land ice.
"We collected data over key portions of the Greenland Ice Sheet, like the fast-changing Zachariae Isstrom Glacier, and we got the broad geographic coverage of Arctic sea ice we needed," said Nathan Kurtz, IceBridge's project scientist and a sea ice researcher at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland.
Fast-changing Zachariae Isstrom Glacier. (NASA/Maria-José Viñas)
Pasadena, CA – On May 11th, a sealed capsule containing fungi and bacteria fell from the sky and splashed down in the Pacific Ocean. Microbiologist Kasthuri Venkateswaran could hardly wait to see what was inside it.
At NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, Venkateswaran, who goes by Venkat, studies microbial life — the wild world of organisms too small for us to see with our eyes. Among his many research endeavors, Venkat has leading roles on two microbial experiments that recently returned from the International Space Station.
The SpaceX Dragon spacecraft nears the International Space Station during the CRS-8 mission to deliver experiments including two microbial investigations. (NASA)
Written by Steve Koppes
University of Chicago
Chicago, IL – The four planets of the Kepler-223 star system appeared to have little in common with the planets of our own solar system today. But a new study using data from NASA's Kepler space telescope suggests a possible commonality in the distant past.
The Kepler-223 planets orbit their star in the same configuration that Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune may have had in the early history of our solar system, before migrating to their current locations.
Sean Mills (left) and Daniel Fabrycky (right), researchers at the University of Chicago, describe the complex orbital structure of the Kepler-223 system in a new study. (Nancy Wong/University of Chicago)
Written by Michele Johnson
NASA's Ames Research Center
Moffett Field, CA – Dwarf planets tend to be a mysterious bunch. With the exception of Ceres, which resides in the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, all members of this class of minor planets in our solar system lurk in the depths beyond Neptune.
They are far from Earth – small and cold – which makes them difficult to observe, even with large telescopes. So it's little wonder astronomers only discovered most of them in the past decade or so.
Pluto is a prime example of this elusiveness. Before NASA's New Horizons spacecraft visited it in 2015, the largest of the dwarf planets had appeared as little more than a fuzzy blob, even to the keen-eyed Hubble Space Telescope.
New K2 results peg 2007 OR10 as the largest unnamed body in our solar system and the third largest of the current roster of about half a dozen dwarf planets. The dwarf planet Haumea has an oblong shape that is wider on its long axis than 2007 OR10, but its overall volume is smaller. (Konkoly Observatory/András Pál, Hungarian Astronomical Association/Iván Éder, NASA/JHUAPL/SwRI)
Written by Felicia Chou
NASA Headquarters
Washington, D.C. – NASA's Kepler mission has verified 1,284 new planets — the single largest finding of planets to date.
"This announcement more than doubles the number of confirmed planets from Kepler," said Ellen Stofan, chief scientist at NASA Headquarters in Washington. "This gives us hope that somewhere out there, around a star much like ours, we can eventually discover another Earth."
Analysis was performed on the Kepler space telescope's July 2015 planet candidate catalog, which identified 4,302 potential planets. For 1,284 of the candidates, the probability of being a planet is greater than 99 percent – the minimum required to earn the status of "planet."
The image is a concept piece depicting select Kepler planetary discoveries made to date. (NASA Ames/W. Stenzel)
Written by Kassandra Bell, SOFIA Science Center
NASA's Ames Research Center
Moffett Field, CA – An instrument onboard the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) detected atomic oxygen in the atmosphere of Mars for the first time since the last observation 40 years ago. These atoms were found in the upper layers of the Martian atmosphere known as the mesosphere.
Atomic oxygen affects how other gases escape Mars and therefore has a significant impact on the planet's atmosphere. Scientists detected only about half the amount of oxygen expected, which may be due to variations in the Martian atmosphere.
SOFIA/GREAT spectrum of oxygen [O I] superimposed on an image of Mars from the MAVEN mission. The amount of atomic oxygen computed from this SOFIA data is about half the amount expected. (SOFIA/GREAT spectrum: NASA/DLR/USRA/DSI/MPIfR/GREAT Consortium/ MPIfS/Rezac et al. 2015. Mars image: NASA/MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution Mission)
Washington, D.C. – NASA will host a news teleconference at 10:00am PDT (12:00pm CDT) Tuesday, May 10th to announce the latest discoveries made by its planet-hunting mission, the Kepler Space Telescope.
When Kepler was launched in March 2009, scientists did not know how common planets were outside our solar system. Thanks to Kepler's treasure trove of discoveries, astronomers now believe there may be at least one planet orbiting every star in the sky.
Artist's concept of NASA's Kepler space telescope. (Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech)


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Bullet For My ValentineFri, May 17, 2013 - 6:00 PMStage AE in Pittsburgh, PA
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Hotels near Golden Beach
Search hotels near Golden Beach in Sunny Isles Beach
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- Most bookedRamada Plaza Marco Polo Beach Resort
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"fantastic experience, only difference from picture posted was that it had carpet floor which was MUCH BETTER for us as we had kids , unit is full of everything we needed building staff were wonderful we loved it there , pool , WIFI , gym and a great beach, can't wait to be back"
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"The unit was a good fit for what we needed. We only stayed one night but we wanted a 2 bedroom unit. It would be nice if they provided bath incidentals like soap and shampoo, even if it was only hotel size, or at least mention to make sure to bring your own. If in the area we would definitely sta..."
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- Ocean ReserveNo Guest Reviews yet
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"It was perfect for our girls shopping trip, minutes from Aventura Mall! We loved the valet parking after a 'shop till you drop' day!"
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"This hotel is a good option if you want to combine shopping and some resting by the beach. It is just a 5 minutes drive to Aventura Mall and you are in front of the beach. There is a Publix and CVS at walking distance. The beach is nice and not that busy... Staff is at your service for drinks a..."
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"If the staff had cleaned my room at least once in my four day stay....id say this hotel was perfect."
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- 1 BR Ocean View at Marenas by AirpadsNo Guest Reviews yet
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Cabrera, Posey win MVP awardsAP FILE PHOTO
In this May 1 photo, San Francisco Giants catcher Buster Posey sets to throw out a runner in a game against the Miami Marlins in San Francisco.
NEW YORK Detroits Miguel Cabrera won the American Leagues Most Valuable Player award on Thursday after becoming baseballs first Triple Crown winner in 45 years, and San Franciscos Buster Posey was voted the National League honor.
Cabrera received 22 of 28 first-place votes and 362 points from the AL panel of Baseball Writers Association of America to easily beat out Los Angeles Angels center fielder Mike Trout, who had six firsts and 281 points. Trout was voted AL Rookie of the Year earlier in the week.
Posey recovered from a devastating leg injury that cut short his 2011 season, became the first catcher in 70 years to win the NL batting title and helped San Francisco win its second World Series title in three seasons. He got 27 of 32 firsts and 422 points from the NL panel, outdistancing 2011 winner Ryan Braun of Milwaukee, who was second with 285 points.
Cabrera hit .330 with 44 homers and 139 RBIs to become the first Triple Crown winner since Bostons Carl Yastrzemski in 1967. The last four Triple Crown winners have been voted MVP, including Mickey Mantle in 1956 and Frank Robinson in 1966.
Cabrera also led the league with a .606 slugging percentage for the AL champion Tigers. He became the second straight Detroit player voted MVP, following Justin Verlander in 2011, and was the first Venezuelan to earn the honor.
Before the season, he switched from first base to third to make way for Prince Fielder, signing as a free agent.
The 2010 NL Rookie of the Year, Posey set career highs with a .336 average, 24 homers and 103 RBIs for the World Series champion Giants. His 2011 season was cut short by a collision with the Marlins Scott Cousins on May 25 that resulted in a fractured bone in Poseys lower left leg and three torn ankle ligaments.
Posey, the fifth overall pick in the 2008 amateur draft, won the NL batting title after teammate Melky Cabrera requested a rules change that disqualified him. Cabrera, who hit .346, missed the final 45 games of the regular-season while serving a suspension for a positive testosterone test and would have won the batting crown if the rule hadnt been changed.
Ernie Lombardi had been the previous catcher to capture the NL batting championship, in 1942.
Catchers have won the NL MVP just eight times, with Posey joining Gabby Hartnett (1935), Lombardi (1938), Roy Campanella (1951, 1953, 1955) and Johnny Bench (1970, 1972). The other winning catchers were Lombardi in 1938 and Gabby Hartnett in 1935.
Posey is the first Giants player to win since Barry Bonds was voted his record seventh MVP award in 2004.
Pittsburgh outfielder Andrew McCutchen (245) was third, followed by St. Louis catcher Yadier Molina (241).
NOTES: In his first season with the Angels, Albert Pujols didnt finish among the top 10 for the first time in his career. While with St. Louis, he won three times, was second four times and also finished third, fourth, fifth and ninth.MORE IN Sports WireCHICAGO The Chicago White Sox suspended ace Chris Sale five days without pay for destroying... Full StoryPARIS On the bike and off Chris Froome has been in a class of his own for three weeks at... Full StoryPARIS Sharing beer and champagne with teammates, Chris Froome celebrated his third Tour de... Full Story
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TV's popular actress Urvashi Dholakia turned a year older on July 9 and the actress celebrated the day with friends and family. Urvashi rose to... ...http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/See-Pics-Urvashi-Dholakia-turns-a-year-older-looks-stunning-at-her-birthday-party/articleshow/53149210.cms
Actress Urvashi Dholakia, who became famous as Komolika on the small screen, is a happy single mom. Urvashi is a popular face of TV and has single... ...http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Urvashi-Dholakia-posts-picture-of-her-and-sons-tattoos/articleshow/52952740.cms


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A warthog stopping for a drink at a watering hole in Africa found himself staring down a pack of hungry wild dogs. Behind him? A hungry crocodile.
A tourist captured the entire encounter on video while he was in the African savanna. The video was posted to YouTube on October 27 and has almost 3,000,000 views.
The video starts with the hog stopping for a drink. The wild dogs are the bank and behind him, the crocodile emerges.
After almost two minutes of waiting, the crocodile strikes at the exact right moment to get his dinner.
Watch the video above. WARNING: it's nature and it could be disturbing to some viewers.


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Posted: 03/14/2012
Mark picks up "unintegratable criminal" Jerry from The Dungeon.
Tags: prison, riots, frank grimes, mark lilly, department of integration, martin the two-headed worm creature, rage, croatian man, parody, monsters, silence of the lambs, animation, bugs
Posted: 01/14/2010
Glenn Beck's interview with Sarah Palin takes an unexpected turn when he reads from his journal.
Tags: intro, tom brokaw, sarah palin, fox news, glenn beck, photos, abraham lincoln, penises, movies, mental health, silence of the lambs
Posted: 10/23/2003
Anthony Hopkins does a Marlon Brando impersonation.
Tags: interviews, silence of the lambs, new york city, california, marlon brando
Season 6 - Aired: 07/17/2002 | Views: 3,606,999
Bebe is the first girl in the fourth grade to "develop," threatening the boys' friendship and society in general.
Tags: bebe, wendy, breasts, planet of the apes, silence of the lambs, stan, randy marsh, cartman, mr. mackey, butters, kyle, polly prissy pants, clyde, monkeys!, cavemen
© 2015 Comedy Partners. All Rights Reserved. Comedy Central and all related titles, logos and characters are trademarks of comedy partners.


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I have added this code to the author template (author.php) of my website to show the two latests posts from two different categories at the top of the page.
As you can see, they are showing up and all but now comes the problem; If you scroll a little down, you will notice that rest of the posts are gone and not showing at all -- only the latest post I have added to the "featured-content" area is showing up.
Also, as you can see in the url, I am trying to go to the author archives of a writer named Mokhtar, but instead another writer's author archives is showing up. (The one the post on the "featured content" area belongs to.)
Any help is welcome. Thank you.


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Marvel Assembles an Official Title for Third "Avengers" Movie
Comic Books, Film
Film, Comic Books
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The Buy Pile
The Buy Pile
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Comics Should be Good
Robot 6
Comics Should be Good
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Comics Should be Good
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Cupertino, CA
I first discovered the joy of comics in 1980 when some girls on my school bus brought in their father's copies of Wendy and Richard Pini's "Elfquest" and the rest, as they say, is history. Since then, I've written freelance interviews and articles for "Wizard" (going all the way back to the first issue), headed up the Small Press Expo and the Ignatz Awards, served as an Eisner judge and written reviews regularly since 1999 (first for iComics.com, then moving to my own site Read About Comics).
I moved to the Washington DC area in 1974 and have yet to leave. I design and develop training for the Federal government during the day, and I've had both fiction and non-fiction professionally published. In my spare time I train for marathons and triathlons. I've promised my friends one of these days I'll run a race dressed as the Flash.
FIRST COMIC: "Elfquest" #5
FAVORITE CHARACTER: Fone Bone, Captain Britain, Rachel Summers Grey
Showing results 1297-1316 of 2572
"Fables" is entering the realm of remarkably creepy again and that's a good thing.
"X-Factor" finally has the new team in place, but the end result isn't as strong as one would have expected.
"Justice League" #7 jumps to the present day and we see how the core seven have settled into being a team.
"Prophet" concludes its first re-launch story and its maintaining excellence.
Does Gotham City belong to Batman or the Court of Owls?
"The Hunt for Harley Quinn" reveals the clown's new origin and the Squad's line-up changes yet again.
Mistaken identity and a "Daredevil" plotline invade "The Punisher."
"Legion Lost" seems to have found its way.
Even the stars of "X-Men Legacy" feel a little underwhelmed by this issue's conclusion.
Science-fiction and fantasy collide in "Saga."
"Stormwatch" #7 makes you determined to better appreciate issues #1-6.
An average script is boosted by gorgeous art for "Night Force" #1.
"Hulk" #49 is meant to lead into something but for the moment it's a little unsatisfying.
"Fatale" gets creepier, if that's even possible.
"Animal Man" kicks off its second storyline with the right mix of family, superpowers, and ominous predictions.
Superman tussles with the Collector and gets a new suit, too.
Probably the strongest of the modern "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Micro-Series" issues to date, Donatello's story is also the fluffiest.
Vampires! Pirates! Tapas restaurants! (One of those three things is not actually in "The Shade" #5.)
"Legion: Secret Origin" gears up for its conclusion, even as we get another glimpse into the new time-travel difficulties in the DC Universe.
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As the NBA ends its regular season Thursday night, one team has a chance to join its owner, Michael Jordan, in the league record books. The only problem is, while Jordan is at the top of those records, his team could be at the bottom.
Read More: cnn.com


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Viewing All 362 Photos
Certified photos by travelers like you.
January 2014
Mount Fuji from the visitors centre
Garry and Kate Christmas Day 2013
Expect great views from the visitors centre
December 2011
Mt. Fuji from visitor center
This picture was from the visitor center at the base of Mt. Fuji. The second stop is about halfway up and above th snow line.
May 2011
Mount Fuji, Japan
David F USA
June 2009
Paul M Australia
February 2009
Us at the information centre
Stephane S Canada
November 2008
Mt Fuji at Hakone Mt Komagatake
July 2016
Luncheon upgrade Mt Fuji
Luncheon is served on the Mt Fuji Day Trip tour - what a mysterious box!
July 2016
Mt. Fuji from the Gondola Ride
Fuji was cloudy when we took the bus up, but I captured this shot from the top of the gondola ride.
June 2016
Mount Fuji Station 5 on a cloudy day
Station 5 has souvenir shops
June 2016
Summit of Mt Fuji
We took this photo as soon as we disembarked from the bus. We were lucky in that the summit clouded over in 5 minutes after taking this photo.


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|I've wanted to take pictures of that bridge too. It would be great to hear everyone's suggestions!
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Casey Valentine
The government shutdown is already impacting the vulnerable population of low-income moms and babies across the country who rely on the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children, commonly known as WIC.
According to Forbes, "Over 8.9 million moms and kids under 5 living near or below the poverty line rely on the program's supplemental vouchers for healthy food, breastfeeding support, infant formula and other necessities dispensed at clinics nationwide." But the program is deemed "non-essential" and will not receive government funding during the shutdown.
A report from the USDA said the impacts of the shutdown on the WIC program would be almost immediate. "States may have some funds available ... to continue operations for a week or so, but states would likely be unable to sustain operations for a longer period," it said. The report continued that while some contingency funds are available, they would likely not cover the month of October.
Forbes reported the situation is most dire in Arkansas and Utah. In Utah, where 65,000 moms and babies are on WIC, the program has already stopped accepting new participants. All Utah WIC clinics are closed, according to the program's website.
According to Forbes, workers at still-open WIC clinics accross the country are concerned about the impact the shutdown will have on womens' ability to get food for both themselves and their children.
Stacey Ninness at Oklahoma City's WIC office worries that because women on WIC have to attend regular nutrition classes in order to obtain food vouchers, her social workers might miss signs of iron deficiencies or even child abuse when clinics are forced to close.
At a WIC office in Wisconsin, a worker named Judy Fedie told Forbes her biggest concerns were about babies getting fed. "I'm worried about a number of things, but top of the list is babies not getting breast milk. In Wisconsin, a can of formula costs $15, and it will maybe last three days. I worry families will be forced to make tough choices about how to feed their babies."
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#7 to #3 - flyingfucks
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why does the dude still have all his clothes labels on?
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That's the cool thing do do in american i hears


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Sen. Mel Martinez and Gov. Charlie Crist
Gov. Charlie Crist and U.S. Sen. Mel Martinez, R-FL, are interviewed in front of the rubble at the Lady Lake Church of God, which was destroyed by a tornado a day earlier, in Lady Lake on Saturday, February 3, 2007.STEPHEN M. DOWELL, ORLANDO SENTINEL


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Real Living Real Estate named 'Real Estate Agency Brand of the Year', 'Most Loved' real estate brand in 2016 study
July 15, 2016 Real Living Real Estate, a real estate brokerage network operated by HSF Affiliates LLC, with Real Living Real Estate Experts, announced recently the brand was named "Real Estate Agency Brand of the... more »»
Tops buying six stores
July 15, 2016 WILLIAMSVILLE, N.Y. (AP) — Western New York-based Tops Friendly Markets is buying five supermarkets in the Hudson Valley and one in north central Massachusett. more »»
Northwest names Mague manager
July 15, 2016 Jessie L. Mague has been named loan servicing compliance and quality control manager. Julie Johnson, corporate vice president, loan servicing manager, made the announcement. more »»
Austin new GM at Targeted Pet Treats
July 8, 2016 Targeted Pet Treats, LLC, of Warren, an injection molding contract manufacturer of dog and cat dental treats and toys, has announced that Gregory Austin has joined the company as General Manager. more »»
ISHOP grand prize winner
July 8, 2016 Times Observer photo by Rob Andersen Melinda McGraw, of Tidioute, won the grand prize drawing in the Times Observer's ISHOP Local contest, receiving gift certificates from every participating... more »»
July 2, 2016 There is a new ice cream place in Warren. Pellegrino's Ice Cream Shop is located next to Pellegrino's Italian Foods and Market on Conewango Avenue. more »»
Northwest donates building in Union City
July 2, 2016 UNION CITY — When the Union City Municipal Authority's roof collapsed back in 2009, the town and staff found themselves at a loss. The building wasn't salvageable and needed to be demolishe. more »»
Ekey's celebrating century as family business
June 27, 2016 How many flowers can you sell in 100 years? Just ask Bob Ekey, whose family has operated the business for since 1916. more »»
Foxmart general store cornerstone of Akeley for 130 years
June 22, 2016 The Foxmart general store in Akeley has been serving the Pine Grove community for over a century. It was first opened in 1886 by . more »»
ADM Welding in Warren builds Maine bridge
June 18, 2016 PORTLAND, Maine (AP) — An out-of-state company hired by Republican Gov. Paul LePage has installed a bridge across land owned by a family that wants to donate 87,500 acres to the National Park Service. more »»
ERIEBANK featuring 'Local Bridges' in calendar contest
June 18, 2016 The theme of this year's 2017 ERIEBANK calendar contest will be "Local Bridge. more »»
Disabled American Veterans' Chapter 75 raffle
June 10, 2016 Times Observer photo by Rob Andersen Mike Papalia won a Henry Golden Boy .22 caliber rifle in a recent Disabled American Veterans' Chapter 75 raffle. more »»
Judge sides with Oregon farmers in radish seed case
June 10, 2016 SALEM, Ore. (AP) — A judge sided with Oregon farmers who were sued by a bank over the ownership of radish seed they'd grown but hadn't paid for. more »»
Valu Home Centers' giving away a car to support Habitat for Humanity
June 8, 2016 Valu Home Centers in North Warren is one of 41 stores participating in this year's Habitat for Humanity promotion. more »»
Warren Mall facelift
June 8, 2016 Times Observer photo by Rob Andersen The parking lot at the Warren Mall is undergoing a facelift, with workers from Wayne Companies milling the roadway directly in front of the mal. more »»
County food inspections
June 4, 2016 The following establishments were recently inspected by the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture Bureau of Food Safety and Laboratory Services. ¯ Dairy Delite, 1 Kinzua R. more »»
Planting an idea
June 4, 2016 "There's got to be a better way," Erin Hoffman thought last August as she sat on her back patio surveying her hanging baskets. more »»
County's jobless rate rises
June 4, 2016 The unemployment rate in Warren County rose to a seasonally-adjusted 5.6 percent in March That's a .4 percent increase from March and a .9 percent increase from April 2015. more »»
Virg-Ann's celebrates 70th
May 30, 2016 Virg Ann Flower and Gift Shop is celebrating its 70th anniversary in downtown Warren. "We were in the same location for 65 years," Annamarie Dicembre Miller said of the family owned business. more »»
Darling's Health Mart is family's 5th location
May 21, 2016 Darling's Health Mart — between Primary Health Networks and Beacon Light Behavioral Health Services — in the old Quality Markets building on Route 62 is now officially family. more »»
Fields' Country Furniture holds grand opening at Warren store
May 21, 2016 A grand opening for Fields' Country Furniture was held Thursday evening at their new store, 319 Pennsylvania Avenue West. more »»
Toddler Time at Library August 1, 2016
Toddler Time, stories, songs, craft, creative play for ages 0-4, Children's Room, Warren Public Library, 10:30 a.m. No preregistration required (no class Feb . 20). more »
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