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Face to Face (Barry Gibb and Olivia Newton-John song)
|""Face to Face""
|Promotional single by Barry Gibb and Olivia Newton-John from the album Now Voyager
|September 1984
|7" single
|Soft rock, adult contemporary
|Barry Gibb, Maurice Gibb, George Bitzer
|Barry Gibb, Karl Richardson
|Now Voyager track listing
"Face to Face" is a pop ballad performed by Barry Gibb and Olivia Newton-John. It was released as a single from Gibb's 1984 album Now Voyager. Gibb did not release it as a single, although it was released as a promotional single in Germany and Spain as Newton-John was also an MCA artist. It was also released as a promo single in Brazil by Mercury Records. It was released as a single in the Philippines with "Temptation" as the B-side.[1] It was also included on Newton-John's compilation Love Songs (1999).
It is one of the two songs on the album along with "She Says" that was not featured on the 1984 film Now Voyager starring Gibb himself and Michael Hordern.
It was written by Gibb, along with Maurice Gibb and George Bitzer in 1983. The solo version of "Face to Face" was recorded by Gibb as a demo in late 1983 with his brother Maurice (guitar, bass, synthesizer) and Bitzer (piano, synthesizer) along with four other songs.[2]
"Face to Face" is almost a Newton-John's record with support from Gibb. Gibb and Newton-John also provides harmony vocals. Near the end of the song, Gibb is heard singing his trademark falsetto from 1975.[3]
Newton-John also contributed background vocals on "Fine Line", a song also included on Gibb's Now Voyager.[4]
Critical reception[edit]
Allmusic critic William Ruhlmann called "Face to Face" as "a steamy ballad duet with Newton-John that wouldn't have been out of place on Guilty and might have a good single".[5]
- ^ "Barry Gibb Duet With Olivia Newton-John – Face To Face". Discogs. Retrieved 22 December 2014.
- ^ Brennan, Joseph. "Gibb Songs: 1983". Retrieved 22 December 2014.
- ^ "Barry Gibb - Face To Face (with Olivia Newton-John)". You Tube. Retrieved 22 December 2014.
- ^ Brennan, Joseph. "Gibb Songs: 1984". Retrieved 22 December 2014.
- ^ Ruhlmann, William. "Now Voyager - Barry Gibb". Allmusic. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved 22 December 2014.


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Osthoff Resort, The
The Osthoff Resort is a AAA Four Diamond hotel located on the beautiful shores of Elkhart Lake. The resort offers spacious accommodations with 500 ft. of sandy beach, three dining areas including a fine dining restaurant with lounge and outdoor dining, casual dining room with outdoor patio, and a lake deck with live music. Resort also includes: L'ecole de la Maison cooking school, Aspira Spa, indoor and outdoor pools, saunas, whirlpools, fitness centers, game room and arcade, watercraft and mountain bike rentals, tennis court, childrens' summer and holiday activities program and nearby golf.
Hours of Operation
Open Year Round.
From Milwaukee, take I-43 north to Hwy 57 junction at Saukville. Go north on Hwy 57 to Hwy 23. Take Hwy 23 west to Hwy 67. Go north on Hwy 67 and continue into Elkhart Lake. Turn left at the four-way stop and turn left onto Osthoff Ave. Follow the curving road a short distance to The Osthoff Resort which is on your right.
- Boating Services Available
- On Water
- Disabled Access
On-Site Spa Amenities
- Food Service
Restaurant Type
- American
- Fish Fry
- Pizza
- Seafood
- Steak
- Vegetarian
On-site Resort Amenities
- Fitness Center
- Boat Rentals
- Pool/Waterpark
- Restaurant
- Spa Services
Meals Served
- Breakfast
- Lunch
- Dinner
Canoeing & Kayaking Services Available
- Rentals
- Outfitter
Articles: Osthoff Resort, The
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subset: commoncrawl


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Not a 5 star wasn't expecting one. Close to subway. Nice park just behind hotel. Lots of shops and restaurants close by.
We were part of Cosmos tour and arrived early morning. Even though we had been warned we wouldn't be allowed to check in till after 3:00 PM, they still allowed us to check in early.
The one elevator around the corner from the others is much less busy.
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Peter Moores
Peter Moores has been tasked with saving Nottinghamshire from relegation by signing a three-month coaching consultant deal, with the county feeling 'fresh ideas and voices were needed in the dressing room'
From the Kevin Pietersen saga to the sacking of Peter Moores – and so much more – England and the ECB have been left looking shambolic. The Kiwis and Australia could make it worse
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England have been attempting to get on with the job of preparing for their first Test match in eight months against the background of Paul Downton's departure
Only 14 months after being appointed as the managing director of the England cricket team, Paul Downton is no longer in the post
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Vic Marks dissects England's disastrous World Cup campaign but, while scapegoats are being sought, wonders who would want Peter Moores' job anyway?
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- Cricket
- England cricket team
- Cricket World Cup 2015
- Andrew Strauss
- West Indies cricket team
- Kevin Pietersen
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LEGO The Hobbit 79003 An Unexpected Gathering
|$137.95 & FREE Shipping. Details
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- Enter your model number to make sure this fits.
- Includes 6 minifigures: Bilbo Baggins in Shire outfit, Gandalf the Grey, Balin the Dwarf, Dwalin the Dwarf, Bombur the Dwarf and Bofur the Dwarf, all with assorted weapons
- Accessories include 3 Middle-earth maps, flowers, fence, goblets, plates, chicken, bread, carrots, sausage, bottles, shovel and apples
- Includes 7 weapons: 2 swords, 2 knives, club, pick axe and a staff
- House measures over 6" (16cm) high, 11" (28cm) wide and 6" (17cm) deep
- Feed the hungry Dwarves with tons of food and drink accessories!
Fulfillment by Amazon (FBA) is a service we offer sellers that lets them store their products in Amazon's fulfillment centers, and we directly pack, ship, and provide customer service for these products. Something we hope you'll especially enjoy: FBA items qualify for FREE Shipping and .
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CHOKING HAZARD -- Small parts. Not for children under 3 yrs.
Product Description
Product Description
From the Manufacturer
Customer Reviews
Top Customer Reviews
The minifigures themselves are great. You get Bilbo, Gandalf, Balin, Dwalin, Bofur, and Bombur. I love that Dwalin comes with a large battle hammer, and I like how Lego made Bombur fat with an extra piece, and he also comes with a little sausage and cooking pot. Bofur's hat and mining pick are awesome as well. Like I said, some really nice touches.
I should mentioned that the top part of Bilbo's house can easily come off and this was done on purpose so that the inside can be played around with. Thats fine by me, as the house does have a few blocks that will attach the top to a secure fit so that it wont slide off if you move the set
The set came with 652 pieces, and I took my time and spent a late night completing it, probably around 3-4 hours. This was really satisfying to build and was a lot of fun. .Read more ›
The Facts:
# of pieces: 652
Lego's retail price: $69.99
Minifigures: Gandalf the Grey, Bilbo Baggins, Balin, Dwalin, Bofur, and Bombur.
The Positives:
*Where to start? First of all, the set beautifully captures the organic feel of the shire. While inside Bag End is organized with wooden shelves, a stove, various household items hung in their respective places, and a nice writing nook, the outside of Bag End feels wonderfully organic. The usage of various shades of green and brown Lego bricks makes this set feel like it is a house burrowed out of the side of a hill. Trees, shrubs, and flowers adorn the set giving it a rural and natural feel. It looks beautiful!
*The architecture of the windows and doors is fantastic. This set uses some pieces I was not familiar with to create the wonderful round windows on the front and sides of Bag End. The iconic green door is a single piece with some nice printing on it to make it look like multiple pieces of wood. It also has Gandalf's rune scratched onto it. How wonderful!
*Do you like accessories? You'll be in heaven!Read more ›
Biggest issue, the price. Why this set is so high makes no real sense to me. All I can think of is the license costs raised the prices of the set, but then again over priced just seems to be the lego way recently. The set itself is nice, it looks good and I love how colorful it is. It is a decent size, but not as long as I thought it would be.
The best thing about the set, apart from the minifigs, is the details. You have Bilbo's garden, flowers and other plants all over the house. You have his book, his kitchen and other odds and ends. It really does take things that just seem boring in other sets, and makes them work in this one. It is cheery and putting the dwarfs around the table with all the little food it comes with put a smile on my face.
I like to take pictures of lego sets. I make little scenes and it is just fun to me for some reason. This one is perfect for that. I had as much fun setting up different shots as I did putting the blocks together.
If you are a fan, you will appreciate this set. You will be able to look past the price, and you will find a place for it. I do think they did better with this then the other Lord of the Ring module sets as well. I did have a few minor gripes with it, but overall I was very happy with it as a whole.
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This set is phenomenal. All the attention to detail was given in designing this set. The figurines, the itty bitty food and plants... Read morePublished 1 month ago by Love4thewin
This set came with a huge debt in the box and we had to return. :/Published 2 months ago by MyRapunzal
I LOVE IT! I'm in my twenties; I didn't receive it for Christmas, so I bought if for myself! It took enough time to put together that I feel it was worth the money. Read morePublished 6 months ago by Shelby
My 12 year old granddaughter was thrilled with this. The details, such as capes, were very impressive to her.Published 7 months ago by emgram
40 years of building legos and this piecee is closer rto my heart than any other. it is peaceful and full of color both inside and out. Read morePublished 7 months ago by JeffRuLz
Box was a little rough, looked "old" but was "new". But who needs the box! My grandkids will love whats inside!Published 7 months ago by KSH


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Glenmore Palms Motel is just a walk to the university (CQU) and two miles from Rockhampton Airport. Local attractions include business center, racecourse
The Great Keppel Island is located off the coast of Rockhampton, Queensland.
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Summer Camp at Fairville!
Fairville's 8 weekly sessions of summer camp are filled with imaginative and creative child centered activities and fun! Five day or three day options are available. Camp hours are 9am-12pm. learn more
Afternoon Enrichment
Fairville offers Art, Nature, Young Scientists, On Our Way To K, FUN Fridays and Stay & Play afternoon enrichment classes! learn more
2016 Annual Giving
Please consider a tax deductible gift. Your contributions help Fairville develop programs that inspire young hearts and minds while honoring our Quaker school mission. learn more


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"What brilliant fun and insight this book provides—a friendly, provocative sketch of the neo-imperial sneaker and how its powers of fantasy conquered hearts and minds, then the world." —William Greider, author of One World, Ready or Not
"While Tom Vanderbilt is always funny, iconoclastic, and penetrating, The Sneaker Book is no laughing matter. In this harrowing sprint around the global track of corporate capital, Vanderbilt reveals a world of exploitation, greed, and insanity Charles Dickens himself could not have dreamed up." —Robin D.G. Kelley, author of Yo' Mama's Dis Funktional!


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Kronk Gym boxing icon Emanuel Steward died today, his sister, Diane Steward-Jones, told the Free Press.
Steward, who had been in a Chicago-area hospital for several weeks after undergoing surgery for what was termed diverticulitis, died at 2:46 p.m. Detroit time, Steward-Jones said. He was 68.
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The Center for Dairy Excellence Foundation of Pennsylvania and Pennsylvania Dairymen's Association makes available seven $3,000 scholarships to undergraduate students for annually to directly support Student Leader Scholarships. Five of them are designated as Dairymen's Association Scholarships, while two are designated as Center Foundation Scholarships.
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View Last Year's Scholarship Winners.
Questions regarding the Student Leader Scholarship Program should be referred to Mary Foote, Dairy Education Program Director, Center for Dairy Excellence, at 717-346-0849 or by email at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Varonos, Fokida (region)
- Free buffet breakfast and WiFi
Main amenities
- 16 smoke-free guestrooms
- Bar/lounge
- 24-hour front desk
- Air conditioning
- Lobby fireplace
- Convenience store
- Concierge services
- Gift shops/newsstands
- Luggage storage
- Tour/ticket assistance
What's around
- Sikelianos Museum (0.3 mi / 0.4 km)
- Delphi Archaeological Museum (0.4 mi / 0.7 km)
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Varonos, Fokida (region)
Hotel Info: 866-539-8117from $40
- Family Room, 2 Bedrooms
- Family Room, 2 Bedrooms, Connecting Rooms
- Single Room, City View
- Double Room, City View
- Premium Triple Room (Attic)
- Triple Room, City View
- Double Room, Sea View
- Premium Double Room (Attic)
- Double Room (Free Local Wine)
- Triple Room, Sea View
- Premier Double Room (Attik - free local wine)
- Triple Room (Free Local Wine)
- Apartment, 2 Bedrooms, Sea View
Also popular with travelers from the USA
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 16 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 4 floors
- Check-in time 1:30 PM-7:00 PM
- Check-out time is 11:30 AM
- Express check-in
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
Travelling with others
- One child (3 years old and younger) stays free when occupying the parent or guardian's room, using existing bedding
- No pets or service animals allowed
- Free WiFi in public areas
- Free WiFi in rooms
- Free nearby parking
Other information
- Smoke-free property
Nearby Three Star Fokida (region) hotels
In the hotel
- Free buffet breakfast daily
- Bar/lounge
- Room service (during limited hours)
- 24-hour front desk
- Concierge services
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Luggage storage
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
- Fireplace in lobby
In the room
- In-room climate control (air conditioning)
- Air conditioning
- Private bathroom
- Free toiletries
- Hair dryer
- Plasma TV
- Satellite TV channels
- Free WiFi
- Phone
- Refrigerator
- In-room safe
- Connecting/adjoining rooms available
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Varonos, Fokida (region)'s small print
Also known as
- Varonos
- Varonos Delphi
- Varonos Hotel
- Varonos Hotel Delphi
Cash transactions at this property cannot exceed EUR 1500, due to national regulations. For further details, please contact the property using information in the booking confirmation.
The property has connecting/adjoining rooms, which are subject to availability and can be requested by contacting the property using the number on the booking confirmation.
This property does not have elevators.
Optional extras
Rollaway beds are available for EUR 10,00 per day
Cribs/Infant beds are available for EUR 10,00 per night
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.
Hotel registry number: 1354K012A0063800
Recent reviews
Excellent 4.3 /5 from 124 reviews
Great little stop with very nice owner. Highly recommend it, as it's in a good location to see Delphi ruins about 10-15 minutes down the street by foot.
Good spot
The perfect location to explore the area without a car. The wifi was good. The hosts were delightful and went out of their way to make our stay comfortable
By all means ask for a room with a valley view -- it is stunning! We were running late (got in at 11 pm) but phoned ahead and the owner waited up for us. He and his staff were very kind. A great little guesthouse in Delphi
Great hotel in Delphi. Recommend the valley view rooms - view of valley and distant sea.
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Rudy Giuliani Says President Obama 'Doesn't Love America' | Barack Obama | Politics | BET
Former New York City mayor Rudy Giuliani questions President Obama's patriotism.
Former New York City mayor Rudy Giuliani questions President Obama's patriotism.
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Rep. Debbie Wasserman Schultz says that state GOP leaders want to prevent people who might vote against them from voting at all.


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A fun favor for your guests!
Use this Birthday Cheer Personalized Favor Bag to make treat bags filled with candies or trinkets of your choice! This favor bag kit features a topper that will be printed with a bright polka dot design and your special message.
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New Feature From BitPay - Client Billing
- Posted on 2013-01-04 18:00:22
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BitPay is pleased to announce a new feature called Client Billing. With this feature, it is easier than ever to create a bill for services rendered, and BitPay will deliver this to the client and collect payment. All of the normal BitPay options are available, including being able to set prices in over 30 currencies, and receive a direct deposit into bank accounts in 9 countries.
Anyone who does freelance work, and would like to be paid in bitcoins, can now create a professional invoice using BitPay's Client Billing.
Here is a screenshot of the bill creation UI, and the bill that is presented to the client.


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Zyro Open House: Report 1
One of the UK's biggest distributors had their "come and visit us" info days this week.
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It's Marlon Samuels vs Virat Kohli: How two batting mainstays will decide the course of West Indies-India series
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Divya Joshi
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JNU row: Why dissent is acceptable but anti-India activities are not
By Manisha Singh | Last Updated: Wednesday, February 17, 2016 - 02:55
Any vibrant university campus with young minds on the threshold of a big bad world is center of debates, discussions and yes, dissent. It is also a place where, apart from the rush of attending classes and tensions about an impending career, student politics is a way of life. Anyone who has been part of higher education in India would know that.
The satisfaction of dissatisfaction!
By Dhriti Sharma | Last Updated: Wednesday, February 17, 2016 - 02:53
How often do you feel satisfied? How often are you jolted by the 'reality' facade, wherein you wake up and stare into oblivion, thinking about your course of life, in lay man's language-- What are you doing with your life mate?
Beware of cyber predators: Dangers of virtual world!
By Udita Madan | Last Updated: Saturday, February 13, 2016 - 17:56
Simply to gain followers and increase their social base, people don't hold back before adding and/or accepting requests of complete strangers.
ICC World Twenty20: MS Dhoni's stamp was all over Team India's squad
By Chaitan Papnai | Last Updated: Saturday, February 13, 2016 - 16:41
MS Dhoni's penchant for all-rounders in T20 format is not new. That's the reason selectors opted for Hardik Pandya and Negi, while a specialist batsman in Manish Pandey.
Government Caught Unawares, Yet Again!
By Shobhika Puri | Last Updated: Thursday, February 4, 2016 - 23:53
Indian government's ignorance and lackadaisical attitude is in focus once again with February 9, 2016 approaching near. It is the date when the government will yet again have to explain its agreements with social media sites that it is increasingly using for information dissemination.
Of great matches and interviews: Understanding Novak Djokovic's train of thought!
By Jayanta Oinam | Last Updated: Monday, February 1, 2016 - 16:19
"Thank you all for coming, and I hope you enjoyed this match tonight," said Djokovic after demolishing Federer.
Manish Pandey: Seven years after IPL fame, Karnataka batsman earns real name
By Suyash Srivastava | Last Updated: Friday, January 29, 2016 - 01:03
Had Ajinkya Rahane been fully fit, Manish Pandey in all likelihood would not have been part of India's playing XI for the final ODI against Australia. But as most brilliant cricketers do, Pandey seized the opportunity, in the most special manner, by pulling off a record run-chase when Team India's pride was at stake.
Ajinkya Rahane: An unmeasured assassin of Team India
By Chaitan Papnai | Last Updated: Sunday, January 10, 2016 - 17:11
In the last five years, many young and talented cricketers have joined the Indian cricket team, who carry a different character and approach towards the way they play the game. Even then, most of them can easily be fitted under the category of flamboyant or bashing cricketers.
New year, new challenges await evolving Virat Kohli
By Jayanta Oinam | Last Updated: Sunday, January 10, 2016 - 20:38
After his success as the captain of Indian Test team, Kohli will have his first challenge as a player in Australia, then the 2016 World Twenty20 in India.
Chris Gayle, your team needs you
By Jayanta Oinam | Last Updated: Thursday, December 17, 2015 - 10:13
He is certainly one of the modern greats, but stories of a reluctant Gayle excusing himself from the national set up will always paint an image so distraught for the sport that many will be forced to ask, what's there in playing for a national team.
Shun Facebook to kill loneliness before it eliminates you
By Miscellaneous | Last Updated: Tuesday, December 15, 2015 - 10:13
Nishant Arora/IANS
If you think that no other age group is more vulnerable to loneliness than the elderly, go check your backyard. The mammoth rise of the internet and emergence of various social media platforms have left many young Indians - some as young as 14 - socially isolated, lonely and, eventually, in the grip of chronic depression that can take their lives.
By Shobhika Puri | Last Updated: Monday, December 7, 2015 - 09:48
'Death' is a word, a state, that intrigues and scares many. Nobody knows what happens after one dies though there are many who claim to have the answers. However, even these people cannot be 100 percent sure. Nevertheless, everybody wants to know what happens when one dies?
By Dattaraj Thaly | Last Updated: Wednesday, November 25, 2015 - 10:15
The Santiago Bernabeu was draped in white, as Real Madrid and Barcelona players took to the iconic stadium's hallowed turf. What was meant as a show of strength from the Madridistas, to intimidate the visiting Catalans, transformed into a show of protest in a matter of ninety minutes.
Don't paint India as an intolerant nation: An open letter to all intellectuals
By Tarun Khanna | Last Updated: Wednesday, November 25, 2015 - 10:14
Dear respectable intellectuals of this country,
In India, there is no curb on exhibiting one's views in public — a freedom that can only be enjoyed in a democratic framework. Even then, complications arise when a section of self-righteous people meddles with the social ethos of the country.
Aamir Khan, please ignite 'sarfaroshi ki shama'
By Gayatri Sankar | Last Updated: Wednesday, November 25, 2015 - 10:14
Dear Aamir Khan,
I grew up watching your films. I loved you, admired you for the various characters that you essayed on the silver screen. Your last name never mattered to me. I never bothered to see if you belonged to a community different from mine. I was only interested in seeing your films and showering you with praises.
Young Mustafizur Rahman: A lion amongst the Tigers!
By Rajdeep Saha | Last Updated: Friday, November 13, 2015 - 19:23
Bangladesh cricket has found a new young hero whose consistency has enabled him to shine for the Tigers in ODIs. The sensational pacer helped his side win the three-match ODI series at home against Zimbabwe in Dhaka.
Neemrana Fort: A Palatial Holiday
By Miscellaneous | Last Updated: Wednesday, December 2, 2015 - 14:50
Anindita Das
Because every girl deserves to feel like a princess.
Hashim Amla: Lull before the storm?
By Dattaraj Thaly | Last Updated: Friday, October 30, 2015 - 14:17
Indian bowlers have a notorious reputation of pumping life into a batsman even at his lowest ebb. If there is one man in dire need of some typical Indian bowling hospitality, it is Hashim Amla. Surprisingly, the great run accumulator failed to make a mark in the T20 and ODI series despite his colleagues piling on the misery on the opposition.
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Favstar gets even better if you sign in.
I really think there should be a TV show where they put a bunch of beliebers in one house and see what shit goes down.
We decided to make a Justin Bieber Fan site thing. Fluent in sarcasm. Can't take a joke? Don't read our tweets.
Like @bieberinmypants' tweets? Send them a Favstar Pro Membership to show you care.Gift them Pro!


text: Home > Medical > Asthma > News News All sections in Asthma » Asthma Basics » Asthma News » Asthma Overview » Asthma and Children » Asthma and Exercise » Asthma Treatment » FAQs » Health Tips » Manage Your Asthma » How Severe is your Asthma » Living with Asthma » My Asthma Story News Adorable, asthmatic otter learns to use inhaler Mishka the sea otter is the first of her kind to be diagnosed with asthma Luckily, she's learned how to use an inhaler and it's amazingly cute! Could disguising allergens in the body treat asthma? Nanoparticles are used as carriers to transport allergens into a patient's bloodstream, thereby avoiding the 'normal' allergic reaction. London's Great Smog of 1952 linked to asthma surge The dreadful event over 60 years ago might be linked to many new cases of asthma. It might have significant implications for cities that currently have high levels of air pollution. What is an asthma exacerbation? Things become especially difficult when you have an asthma exacerbation – also known as an asthma attack. Know the triggers and how to control the symptoms. Asthma risk higher near fracking sites A study found that people living closer to bigger fracking operations in the US state of Pennsylvania were significantly more likely to suffer asthma attacks. load more From our sponsor Why is asthma still killing South Africans? Asthma: a needless killer of our time Ask the Expert Asthma Expert Professor Keertan Dheda has received of several prestigious awards including the 2014 Oppenheimer Award, and has published over 160 peer-reviewed papers and holds 3 patents related to new TB diagnostic or infection control technologies. He serves on the editorial board of the journals PLoS One, the International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Lancet Respiratory Diseases and Nature Scientific Reports, amongst others.Read his full biography at the University of Cape Town Lung Institute Ask a question Questions posted to Asthma Expert questions answered by the expert Q: Chronic Undiagnosable Cough-7 year old boy posted on 26-07-2016 Q: Could steroids be making my six year old son aggressive? posted on 21-07-2016 Q: Theophylline, COPD and Migraine posted on 30-06-2016 Q: my grand daughter is 8 months and has been diagnosed as having ashma what would be the best treatment for her to help her. posted on 21-06-2016 Q: Does flu with too much phlegm in a child mean he has asthma? posted on 13-06-2016 Q: When do you need to go and see someone about asthma posted on 23-05-2016 1 comment Q: hi i need some asthma advice please posted on 11-05-2016 Q: I am a 30yr old male with asthma. I enjoy fitness and training but are experiencing high HR issues and need advice. posted on 09-05-2016 Q: How to lower the HR in order to train better with asthma? posted on 09-05-2016 Q: Safety of Inhaled Corticosteroids for Asthma posted on 30-04-2016 Q: Can other peoples phlegm give me worse asthma? posted on 28-04-2016 Q: Asthma and Sinuses (nasal polyps) posted on 25-04-2016 Q: Asthma/ Hypothyroidism medicine for teenage son posted on 24-04-2016 Q: Does diet affect asthma? posted on 20-04-2016 Q: Irregular heartbeat and breathing posted on 25-03-2016 load more × Still have a question? Get free advice from our panel of experts Your question More detail Your name (optional) The information provided does not constitute a diagnosis of your condition. You should consult a medical practitioner or other appropriate health care professional for a physical exmanication, diagnosis and formal advice. Health24 and the expert accept no responsibility or liability for any damage or personal harm you may suffer resulting from making use of this content. I agree * You must accept our condition To prevent spam please solve this simple math problem: Forum Rules


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|1 Large
|2 Tablespoon
|Ground lamb/Beef
|1 1⁄2 Pound
|1 Medium, chopped
|Canned tomato sauce
|15 Ounce (1 Can)
|Red wine/Beef broth
|3⁄4 Cup (12 tbs)
|Snipped parsley
|1 Tablespoon
|2 Teaspoon
|1⁄4 Teaspoon
|Ground nutmeg
|1⁄4 Teaspoon
|White sauce
|1⁄2 Cup (8 tbs)
|Grated parmesan cheese
|1 Cup (16 tbs)
|Dry bread crumbs
|3⁄4 Cup (12 tbs)
|1 , beaten
|Tomato sauce
|1⁄2 Cup (8 tbs)
Cut unpared eggplant crosswise into Ms-inch slices.
Cook slices in small amount boiling, salted water ( 1/2 teaspoon salt to 1 cup water) until tender, 5 to 8 minutes.
Heat margarine in 12-inch skillet until melted.
Cook and stir lamb and onion until lamb is light brown; drain.
Stir in tomato sauce, wine, parsley, salt, pepper and nutmeg.
Cook uncovered over medium heat until half the liquid is absorbed, about 20 minutes.
Prepare White Sauce.
Stir 2/3 cup of the cheese, 1/3 cup of the bread crumbs and the egg into meat mixture; remove from heat.
Sprinkle remaining bread crumbs evenly in greased oblong baking dish, 13 1/2 x 9 x 2 inches.
Arrange half the eggplant slices in baking dish; cover with meat mixture.
Sprinkle 2 tablespoons of the remaining cheese over meat mixture; top with remaining eggplant slices.
Pour White Sauce over mixture; sprinkle with remaining cheese.
Cook uncovered in 375° oven 45 minutes.
Prepare Tomato Sauce.
Let moussaka stand 20 minutes before serving.
Cut into squares; serve with Tomato Sauce.
Rate It
Nutrition Rank
Nutrition Facts
Serving size: Complete recipe
Calories 3532 Calories from Fat 2120
% Daily Value*
Total Fat 237 g364.2%
Saturated Fat 100.5 g502.5%
Trans Fat 0 g
Cholesterol 827.5 mg275.8%
Sodium 9210 mg383.7%
Total Carbohydrates 129 g43%
Dietary Fiber 29.9 g119.4%
Sugars 53.9 g
Protein 191 g382.6%
Vitamin A 119.8% Vitamin C 153%
Calcium 192.6% Iron 124.7%
*Based on a 2000 Calorie diet


text:
Program Dates
New students admitted for the 2016 Fall semester:
Direct from High School (incoming Freshmen):
Please choose from the program dates listed below for your college. To register, log in to myUT, click on the "New Student" tab at the top, and then click "Orientation" in the left-hand column. Clicking on the sticky note will start the registration process.
Adult (over the age of 25) and Non-Traditional:
As a new adult student admitted for the fall semester, you have two options for completing orientation:
- Attend a Rocket Launch program on campus
- Complete the online orientation
- This option is best for students who are technically savvy and have strong computer skills. If you are uncomfortable using computers, please do not select this option.
- Preferred Web Browser to complete online orientation: Mozilla Firefox 5.0, Google Chrome, or Internet Explorer Version 7. All of these Browsers can be downloaded for FREE through the Internet.
Program Dates (Alphabetical by College)
Business and Innovation
August 2
Communication and the Arts
August 2, 3
August 2
Health Sciences
August 3
Judith Herb College of Education
August 2
Languages, Literature and Social Sciences
August 2, 3
Natural Sciences and Mathematics
August 2, 3
August 3
Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
August 3
Social Justice and Human Services
August 2
University College
August 2, 3
The student experience at The University of Toledo begins at Orientation. It is strongly encouraged that new students attend an on campus program to ensure personal interaction with The University of Toledo students, faculty, and staff.


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Songs inspired by Catcher in the Rye
And here's another post with a music theme…. The Classic Rock blog runs a list of songs inspired by JD Salinger's Catcher in the Rye.Read more
And here's another post with a music theme…. The Classic Rock blog runs a list of songs inspired by JD Salinger's Catcher in the Rye.Read more
The Observer wrote at the weekend about the demand for rock memoirs and autobiographies. Keith Richards, Patti Smith, Steve Tyler and Sammy Hagar have all enjoyed success in recent times. To be honest, I enjoyed the Bob Dylan Chronicles book a few years ago and have also read Anthony Kiedis' Scar Tissue, about life in […]Read more
It's always fascinating to trawl through the signed books that are available on AbeBooks. We found a wide selection of books signed by famous pop stars, rock stars, and country singers too. Our list ranges from Neil Young to three members of the Rolling Stones to Eric Clapton, Sting (his autobiography, Broken Music, is pictured […]Read more
It's usually pretty rude to ask a girl what she has in her handbag, but if she's dead then I guess it's OK for us to take a peek. The Hairpin blog delves into the archives and Janis Joplin's handbag, and finds an empty bottle of Southern Comfort and some smokes (of course), plus two […]Read more
….Don't interrupt him 'cos he's reading a book. Ohh… he's an angry young reader.Read more
Author David Mitchell's hero(ine) is Kate Bush. How post-modern! (Do people still talk about post-modernism?) I thought she was great too. There are various books about the singer songwriter but none by her. Surely someone as bonkers and creative as Bush would have a good story to tell?Read more
American Psycho is going to be made into a musical. No, really.Read more
I missed this story about author Nick Hornby working with musician Ben Folds to produce an album called Lonely Avenue until hearing about it on NPR this morning. I imagine lyric writing came pretty easy to Hornby who, of course, adores music and blends it into much of his writing.Read more
A couple of music-themed book stories this morning. Keith Richards and Jay-Z will be giving talks at the New York Public Library. Richards is a well known rare book collector but as for Jay-Z, I suspect he'll just be flogging his new book. Talking about dinosaurs of rock, Jimmy Page of Led Zeppelin fame is […]Read more
A rare 18th century book discovered by an AbeBooks bookseller in Hay-on-Wye is shedding some new light on Dublin's Molly Malone and the famous song. The famous cockles and mussels version was first published in the United States in 1883, attributed to James Yorkston. Other versions mentioning the hill of Howth are known, but none […]Read more


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Apr 27, 2004
|Filing date
|Oct 16, 2001
|Priority date
|Oct 17, 2000
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Koen Van de Velde, Luc Minnebo, Paul Delabastita
|Original Assignee
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (12), Referenced by (6), Classifications (6), Legal Events (7)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application claims the benefit of under 35 U.S.C. �119(e) for U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/245,736 filed on Nov. 3, 2000.
This invention relates to systems and procedures for printing documents. These documents can contain all types of visual information, such as text, graphics, images, etc., further commonly referred to as "image"
A well-known problem that is common to all recording systems, that convert image data into discretised pixel information, is the occurrence of reconstruction errors, commonly called 'aliasing'. It results in jagged edges at lines or curves that are not aligned with the discrete pixel grid of the recording apparatus or printer.
This problem can be cured in two ways. The first one is to increase the spatial resolution of the recording device. This is often a technically difficult and costly solution.
A second approach, and this is the approach to which the present invention relates, is to trade spatial resolution with tonal resolution in order to improve the visual quality.
This approach is common for font rendering on computer displays. Here black pixels are surrounded by grey pixels. This results in visual smoothing of the edges, rendering the edges in a way more pleasing to the human eye.
A procedure is disclosed that creates multi-level gradation data from an abstract page description to achieve a similar result. Most documents to be printed contain a mixture of text, graphics and images and are given in the form of an page description. These documents may be PDF documents, PostScript™ files, MS-Office™ documents and so on. We have found that spatial resolution and tonal resolution are to some extent interchangeable and that lack of spatial resolution can be compensated by improved tonal resolution. The use of multiple gradation levels enhances the tonal resolution in portions of the document where the data is highly discretised, such as text, drawings, etc.
This technique requires that the recording engine has a means of rendering more than two different levels of grey or some other color, i.e. more than 0% ink and 100% ink. However most ink-jet and bubble-jet printing devices can only deliver fixed-size drops of ink making the printing of multi-level pixel data without reducing the spatial resolution impossible.
Solutions to this problem have been proposed in terms of using multiple inks of the same color, but different density. We refer to the documents WO 96/12251, EP 0 850 767 A1 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,966,507 herein incorporated by reference. A method of surrounding black pixels by grey pixels for use in a 3-level electrophotographic printer was disclosed in EP 0 082 281 A1 herein incorporated by reference.
Further developments in electrophotographic printing allow the pixel size to be adapted. Procedures to enhance the resolution in that way, working by comparing the neighbourhood of a pixel with pre-existing templates, are described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,847,641, U.S. Pat. No. 5,193,008 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,134,495 herein incorporated by reference.
This invention however differs from the above approaches in that it combines a number of image processing steps, different from the ones described in the above-cited references, with a technology to record multiple gradation levels at a single pixel, with the same ink.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a printing process in which the visual quality of the obtained image is enhanced.
It is a further object to enable the softening of jagged edges at lines or curves that are not aligned with the discrete pixel grid of the recording apparatus or printer.
The above mentioned objects are realised by a method having the specific features set out in claim 1. Specific features for preferred embodiments of the invention are set out in the dependent claims. These objects are also realised by a system having specific features of claim 11.
The above objects are mainly released by combining:
a process for printing multiple gradation levels at a single pixel, with the same ink and
a procedure for obtaining multi-level gradation data from an abstract page description of the document to be printed.
An image as referred to hereinafter can be anything on a document such as text, graphics, images, etc. . . . The page data describes the layout and content of the page to be reproduced, this data can be supplied in various formats.
Rendering an image is the process of reproducing the image or document on a medium or on a display screen.
A bitmap is typically a two-dimensional array of pixels. Each pixel represents a small square or rectangular portion of an image. In grey images, each pixel may be represented by one value e.g. in the range of 0-255. Such a bitmap is called a multi-level bitmap as every pixel in the bitmap may take one of several available density values or gradation levels.
In color images, each pixel is typically represented by three or more color components. For each color component of each pixel a value is required. In a system with three color components, where each color pixel value is represented by 8 bits, each color pixel may take 256 different values for each component. Consequently each pixel may take 2563=16,777,216 possible values. Besides the three color values, extra bitmap values can be calculated for the black color component. The output bitmap is a bitmap which is sent to the printer for rendering of the image by the printer.
The resolution of an image is the number of pixels used to represent a linear size of the image. For a physical representation of an image this is expressed as the number of pixels or dots per unit of length, e.g. 16 dots/mm or 400 dots/inch(dpi). For electronic image data, the resolution can be defined as the physical resolution if the image would be rendered on a certain size.
FIG. 1 shows various steps in a printing process according to the invention.
FIG. 2 shows the subdivision of a high-resolution bitmap 21 into blocks.
FIG. 3 illustrates multi-level error diffusion.
FIG. 4 shows how a screening function S (k, l) is superposed on the continuous tone pixel L (k, l) data and is thresholded to get bi-level output B (k, l).
FIG. 5 shows multi-level screening using one screening function S (k, l).
FIG. 6 shows how three-level screening with two screening functions can be done.
FIG. 7a shows the text printed without making use of the present invention.
FIG. 7b shows the text printed at higher resolution.
FIG. 7c shows the text after an anti-aliasing procedure according to the invention.
According to FIG. 1 the page description 20 to be printed is processed by a Raster Image Processor (RIP) to produce high-resolution multi-level bitmap data 21 at a horizontal resolution Hres1, a vertical resolution Vres1, and a number of gradation levels Nlev.
Then a resolution-lowering (RL) procedure converts the high-resolution multi-level bitmap data 21 to low-resolution multi-level bitmap data 22 from horizontal resolution Hres1 to Hres2 and from vertical resolution Vres1 to Vres2, where Hres1≧Hres2 and Vres1≧Vres2 and Hres2�Vres2<Hres1�Vres1. Hres2 and Vres2 correspond preferably to the horizontal and vertical spatial resolution of the printer by which the document will be printed.
An image-processing (IP) step reduces the number of gradation levels from Nlev to Nlevp thereby converting the low resolution multi-level bitmap 22 to a low-gradation low-resolution output bitmap 23. Nlevp is preferebly the number of levels that can be printed with one single ink on a single pixel or microdot.
A microdot is the smallest addressable unit on the substrate to be printed by the output device or printer. The multi-level output bitmap 23 is then sent to the printer for printing.
Most documents to be printed contain a mixture of text, graphics and images and are given in the form of a page description 20. The page description 20 is device independent. To print the document the page description 20 has to be converted to a device dependent bitmap 23. The required number of pixels in the output bitmap 23 depends on the output resolution of the output device. The required number of levels for each pixel in that output bitmap 23 depends on the tone level capability of the output device. Such an output bitmap is preferably provided for each color used to print out the document.
The first step of a printing procedure according to the current invention is carried out by a RIP that transforms the page description 20 into a high-resolution multi-level bitmap 21 or rasterised data.
This is done e.g. by Adobe's Configurable PostScript Interpreter (CPSI). Horizontal and vertical resolution Hres1 and Vres1 can be specified to the RIP as well as the number of gradation levels Nlev to be used. Typically we take Nlev=256. The horizontal and vertical size Hsize and Vsize are also specified and determine the number of pixels Hnpix1 and Vnpix1 in horizontal and vertical direction.
The spatial resolution Hres and Vres for a continuous tone image may be expressed in pixels per millimeter. The spatial resolution Hres and Vres for a printing device is also expressed in pixels per millimeter, or sometimes (micro)dots per inch. A typical value for the spatial resolution of an inkjet printer is Hres2=Vres2=300 dpi (dots per inch) which corresponds to about 12 microdots per mm. This means that the inkjet device can address per linear millimeter twelve microdots. Thus per square mm (mm2) a total of 144 microdots can be addressed individually. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the spatial resolution of the high-resolution bitmap 21 is eight times higher than that of the printing device. As such, Hres1 may take the value of 96 microdots per mm.
If the size of the printed image is known, e.g. the horizontal size Hsize=12 mm and the vertical size Vsize=20 mm, then also the number of pixels Hnpix1 and lines Vnpix1 or microdots required to represent the image at a resolution of Hres1, Vres1 by a matrix may be computed by the equations:
The Nlev different gradation levels are preferably represented in the interval [0.0, 1.0] by the numbers 0.0, 1.0/(Nlev−1), 2.0/(Nlev−1), . . . , 1.0.
The second step is a resolution-lowering procedure RL. It converts the high-resolution bitmap data 21 from a first spatial resolution (Hres1, Vres1) and tonal resolution Nlev to a low-resolution bitmap 22 with second spatial resolution (Hres2, Vres2), the same tonal resolution Nlev and the same spatial dimensions Hsize2=Hsize1=Hsize and Vsize2=Vsize1=Vsize preferably in the following way:
Hf is the horizontal reduction factor and Vf is the vertical reduction factor.
As shown in FIG. 2 to achieve the reduction, Hf�Vf pixels in the high-resolution (hi-res) bitmap 21 are mapped onto a single multi-level microdot. When converting, the hi-res bitmap 21 may be grouped in blocks of Hf�Vf pixels. Each block is mapped onto a pixel in the low-resolution (lo-res) bitmap 22 by the RL procedure. Preferably Hf and Vf are selected such that Hf�Vf=Nlevp−1. Nlevp is preferably the number of gradation levels of the output device. This has the following advantage:
When using reduction factors Hf and Vf, generally a rectangular area containing Hf�Vf pixels of the hi-res bitmap 21 is transformed to one pixel in the lo-res bitmap 22. The original pixels of a hi-res text normally have only minimum or maximum value, i.e. the pixel is blank or it is filled "full density". Within the hi-res rectangular area the number of pixels which can be filled, is within the range 0, 1, 2, . . . , Hf�Vf. As such Hf�Vf+1 fill values or "density" values are possible for the rectangular area.
When Hf�Vf=Nlevp−1 the fill number of the pixels within the area can simple be converted into a density level of the lo-res pixel representing the rectangular area.
Preferably the reduction factors are chosen as to comply the conditions set by the above equation. The number of achieved density levels thus determines the used reduction factors.
A few possible combinations for Nlevp, Hf and Vf that achieve the above equation are listed in the table 1 below.
Choices for Hf and Vf combining with to specific Nlevp values.
Indicating the pixels in the hi-res bitmap 21 by p(i, j), with 0≦i≦Hnpix1−1 and 0≦j≦Vnpixl−1, pixels p(i, j) for which
(j div Vf)=l
for some integer numbers 0≦k≦Hnpix2−1 and 0≦l≦Vnpix2−1 are grouped in one block and will be mapped onto the pixel p(k, l) in the lo-res bitmap 22. The operation (a div b) is the result of integer division of a by b.
The block of pixels from the hi-res bitmap 21 corresponding to a pixel p(k, l) in the lo-res bitmap 22 is denoted by B(p). It is convenient to identify the pixel p(k, l) in the lo-res bitmap with the centre of its block B(p) in the hi-res bitmap. The gradation level for the pixel p(k, l) in the lo-res bitmap 22 is calculated from the pixel values in its corresponding block B(p). Preferably the gradation level Lp(k, l) for the pixel p(k, l) is taken equal to the average of the gradation levels of the pixels in B(p) or equal to the gradation level closest to this mean value.
In this way the hi-res bitmap 21 is converted to the lo-res bitmap 22, which has lower spatial resolution. When the document consists e.g. out of pure black text fonts, the hi-res bitmap 21 will only contain levels 0 and 1, but the lo-res bitmap 22 will contain also other grey levels in the range 0.0, 1.0/(Nlev−1), 2.0/(Nlev−1), . . . , 1.0.
The font edges will appear softer after this operation.
It is clear that this operation combines local averaging and subsampling, and that the local averaging operation can be replaced by other filtering methods, linear or non-linear. This is especially advantageous if the hi-res bitmap 21 contains continuous tone data values, i.e. values within the interval [0.0, 1.0]. Alternatively we may want to use a linear filter, e.g. a gaussian filter and allow the blocks to overlap. Let p represent the location 30 of the lo-res pixel (the centre of B(p)) and q represent the location of a hi-res pixel in block B(p). W represents a weight function. By linear filtering or convolution is meant a mathematical operation that produces a weighted local average value {overscore (L)} of the pixel values Lq in the hi-res block B(p) i.e.:
Preferably for the weights W(q−p), 0≦W(q−p)≦1.0 and Σ W(q−p)=1.0 but W(q−p) may also take negative values. W is called the filter or convolution mask.
A gaussian filter is a linear filter for which the weights Wq have gaussian values e.g. W(q−p)=t.exp (−q−p2/s), with t and s scaling factors, q−p is equal to the distance between p and q.
Instead of taking a linear function to obtain {overscore (L)}, a non-linear function is also conceivable. An example of such a non-linear function is median filtering of the values of the block. More detailed information can be found in "A simplified approach to image processing, Randy Crane, Prentice Hall, New Jersey (1997)".
In fact, these operations are all special cases of the more general procedure of resampling.
According to the sampling theory, to regain a continuous signal from its sampled version, it is advantageous to pass this signal through an ideal low-pass filter, to reconstruct the continuous signal exactly when this continuous signal is band-limited in frequency space. Since images are always limited in spatial extent, they can never really be band-limited in frequency space, but low-pass filtering nevertheless provides an approximation of the continuous signal. To resample a signal, the appropriate strategy is to first try to approximate the continuous signal and then sample this continuous signal.
The RL process described herein above amounts thus to low-pass filtering followed by sampling.
When the operation is viewed in this way, there is no need to restrict the method according to the current invention to the case where Hf=Hres1/Hres2 and Vf=Vres1/Vres2 are integer numbers and Hf�Vf=Nlevp−1.
The sampling operation can be interpreted as a geometric shrinking of the image wherein a pixel (i, j) is mapped onto (k, l)=(i/Hf, j/Vf). But in general k and l are not integer values. To determine the pixel value for a pixel(k, l) of the sampled image interpolation between the pixels lying close to (Hf*k, Vf*l) in the hi-res image is advantageous. To this end nearest neighbour interpolation, bilinear interpolation, bicubic interpolation, etc. may be used. These techniques are described in the book by "Crane" referred to before.
A possible draw-back of this procedure is the following. Most conversions from abstract page data to bitmap characters use so-called font hinting. This font hinting guarantees that vertical or horizontal lines within the same character and among different characters are all equally thick, e.g. all three stems in the letter 'm' are equally thick, and they are equally thick as the stems of the letter 'n'. The conservation of this property is not guaranteed by the above procedure. In practice however, this seems to be not of major importance, and the benefits of the current procedure outweigh this possible drawback.
Moreover, there is the possibility in the algorithm to choose Hf and Vf (see table 1). For Nlevp=4, one can choose Hf=3, Vf=1 or Hf=1, Vf=3. The first option will guarantee the vertical stems to remain balanced, while the latter option keeps the horizontal stems, e.g. in the letter 'E', balanced. Alternatively, the chosen low-pass filter involved in the above described resampling procedure can be larger in the horizontal direction than in the vertical direction or vice versa.
The above resampling operation can be followed by an additional non-linear mapping from 0.0, 1.0/(Nlev−1), 2.0/(Nlev−1), . . . , 1.0 to 0.0, 1.0/(Nlev−1), 2.0/(Nlev−1), . . . , 1.0. This mapping can compensate for the fact that the multiple levels, which the printer is capable to produce, are not necessarily linearly related in luminance. For color documents, it is not necessary to treat all bitmaps of the color separation in the same way. The above outlined procedure can e.g. be applied to the bitmaps in the color separation using different block sizes and number of levels for different bitmaps, only to the black component, etc.
A third step in the printing process according to an embodiment of the current invention is an image-processing step that reduces the number of gradation levels from Nlev to Nlevp and which converts (IP) the lo-res high-gradation multi-level bitmap 22 into a lo-res output bitmap 23. Nlevp is preferably the number of levels that can be printed with one ink on a single pixel or microdot. For this conversion (IP) one can use a multi-level screening procedure or multi-level error diffusion.
An example of multi-level error diffusion is multi-level Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion, an extension of the algorithm by Floyd and Steinberg, see FLOYD R W and STEINBERG L, An adaptive algorithm for spatial grey scale, Society for Information Display 1975 Symposium Digest of Technical Papers, 36-37 (1975) herein incorporated by reference. In this algorithm the image pixels are processed in a sequential way. As shown in FIG. 3 a pixel value 25 in the range 0.0, 1.0/(Nlev−1), 2.0/(Nlev−1), . . . , 1.0 is set to its nearest value for the output 26 in the range 0.0, 1.0/(Nlevp−1), 2.0/(Nlevp−1), . . . , 1.0 by quantizer 27. The error made by this quantisation is calculated by the error calculation circuit 28 and is distributed over its neighbours 29, 30, 31, 32 that have not yet been processed.
An alternative way to reduce the number of gradation levels is the use of binary or multi-level screening techniques instead of error diffusion.
As shown in FIG. 4 screening may be performed by defining a (preferably periodic) screen function S(k, l) and adding this function to the pixel data level L(k, l) that is to be screened. The result of this addition L(k, l)+S(k, l) is then thresholded by a constant function T to yield binary pixel values B(k, l). When e.g. both the screen function S(k, l) and pixel data levels L(k, l) take values in [0,1], the following binary value B(k, l) may be assigned to the pixel (k, l)
For clarity in FIG. 4, the screening operation S(k, l) is represented in only one dimension instead of two.
This procedure can be extended to multi-level screening in the following way:
In FIG. 5 the situation is shown for mapping continuous tone pixel data L(k, l) (0≦L(k, l)≦1) to 4-level data N(k, l)=0, ⅓, ⅔, 1 by using a screen function S(k, l) (0≦S(k, l)≦1)
More generally, suppose that continuous tone pixel data L(k, l) must be mapped to N-level data N(k, l) (0, 1/(N−1), 2/(N−1), 1) by using a screen function S(k, l) (0≦S(k, l)≦1), N(k, l) can be calculated as follows:
This is illustrated in FIG. 5 where N=4.
Alternatively, it is possible to use N−1 screening functions S1, . . . , SN−1, chosen such that for all pixels (k, l)
and to assign
This procedure is illustrated in FIG. 6 for N=3 (three levels 0, �, 1, two screening functions S1(k, l), S2(k, l)).
The fourth step is the printing of the output bitmap by a multi-level reproduction device such as an ink-jet printing head. Printing heads exist today that can deliver variable drop sizes of a single ink, thereby giving the opportunity to create multiple grey or color levels. The XaarJet 500 printheads, which are available in binary and greyscale versions are an example of these. The printhead specification includes a printing width of 70 mm with 500 nozzles, and a printing resolution of 180 dpi (7 dots/mm) or 360 dpi (14 dots/mm).
The image processing procedures as outlined in the first three steps can be combined with a printing step by such a printhead to print out the obtained multi-level bitmap data. This technique may also be used in electrographic or electrophotographic printers having multi-level capabilities as described e.g. in EP 0 634 862.
FIG. 7a-7 c give an example of the effect of the different methods used in the process on a text sample.
FIG. 7a depicts the text sample as it would be printed without making use of the present invention. The page data is converted to a lo-res bitmap and the text is merely printed by the low resolution printhead using binary microdots. The binary dots can only have minimum and maximum density. This gives an unfavourable result with dominant aliasing distortion.
FIG. 7b gives the image obtained after the first step of the method, i.e. the page data is converted to a hi-res, multi-level bitmap. In this example the hi-res bitmap has a resolution three times higher in the horizontal and the vertical direction. The microdots still show only two levels, i.e. the minimum and maximum density because the text in page data corresponds to a black text on a white background. This image exists only in an electronic form and can not be printed out by the low-res printhead. Although the bitmap is multi-level, the microdots only take the minimum and maximum density value.
In the second step the multi-level bitmap is converted to a multi-level bitmap (Nlev levels) at the resolution of the printhead. The horizontal and vertical reduction factor is set to 3. This is not shown in a figure.
In the third step the number of levels of the multi-resolution bitmap is reduced to the number of levels (here Nlevp=10 levels) which can be printed by the printhead. To obtain an easy conversion, the reduction factors Hf and Vf and Nlevp fulfil the requirements of Hf�Vf=Nlevp−1 (3�3=10−1).
The obtained lo-res, multi-level bitmap can be printed by the printhead resulting in the image of FIG. 7c. As can be seen an optimum use is made of the printhead's multi-level capability in combination with the resolution of the printer. Due to this method a smoother image is obtained avoiding aliasing effects.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that numerous modifications and variations may be made to the above disclosed embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jul 24, 1987
|Jul 25, 1989
|Naiman Abraham C
|Grayscale character generator and method
|May 28, 1991
|Mar 2, 1993
|Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd.
|Method of converting gradation of a digital image and a circuit thereof and a print density controlling apparatus for a printer and a printer using this method
|Nov 30, 1992
|Sep 12, 1995
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Resolution enhancement system for combined binary and gray scale halftone images
|Nov 16, 1992
|Oct 3, 1995
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Low resolution grey level printing method from high resolution binary input file
|Apr 23, 1996
|Jan 19, 1999
|Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.
|Image processing apparatus and image forming apparatus
|Oct 25, 1994
|May 3, 1995
|Xerox Corporation
|Apparatus and method for arbitrary binary resolution conversion
|Jan 23, 1997
|Jul 30, 1997
|Adobe Systems Incorporated
|Adjusting contrast in antialiasing
|Oct 17, 2000
|Apr 24, 2002
|Multi-level printing process reducing aliasing
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Oct 12, 1995
|Apr 25, 1996
|Canon Research Centre Europe Ltd.
|Anti-aliasing printer
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Oct 24, 2005
|Apr 14, 2009
|Adobe Systems Incorporated
|Using nonlinear filtering while resizing an image to preserve sharp image detail
|Mar 2, 2009
|Jan 4, 2011
|Adobe Systems Incorporated
|Using nonlinear filtering while resizing an image to preserve sharp image detail
|Nov 13, 2006
|Oct 18, 2011
|Riso Kagaku Corporation
|Image processing method and apparatus comprising an image processing in which a RIP process is performed on original image data
|Jan 29, 2013
|Apr 28, 2015
|Microsoft Corporation
|Hybrid image format
|Nov 13, 2006
|May 17, 2007
|Riso Kagaku Corporation
|Image processing method and apparatus
|Jun 6, 2013
|Microsoft Corporation
|Hybrid Image Format
|U.S. Classification
|101/483, 101/485, 382/266
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Oct 16, 2001
Owner name: AGFA-GEVAERT, BELGIUM
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:VAN DE VELDE, KOEN;MINNEBO, LUC;DELABASTITA, PAUL;REEL/FRAME:012275/0099
Effective date: 20010705
|May 29, 2007
Owner name: AGFA GRAPHICS NV, BELGIUM
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:THEUNIS, PATRICK;REEL/FRAME:019390/0241
Effective date: 20061231
|Aug 29, 2007
|Fee payment
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|Sep 25, 2009
Owner name: AGFA GRAPHICS NV, BELGIUM
Free format text: CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT THE ASSIGNOR FROM PATRICK THEUNIS TO AGFA-GEVAERT N.V. PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ON REEL 019390 FRAME 0241;ASSIGNOR:AGFA-GEVAERT N.V.;REEL/FRAME:023282/0106
Effective date: 20061231
|Dec 12, 2011
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Apr 27, 2012
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Jun 19, 2012
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20120427


text:
Sew Much Better: Reducing Your Fabric Water Footprint
March 1st, 2016 | by Becky Striepe
Cotton is a thirsty and chemical-intensive crop. Here's how to choose fabric for your next project that reduce your fabric water footprint
March 1st, 2016 | by Becky Striepe
Cotton is a thirsty and chemical-intensive crop. Here's how to choose fabric for your next project that reduce your fabric water footprint
January 29th, 2014 | by Becky Striepe
March 1, 2014 is going to be a great day for sustainable fabrics when hemp legalization becomes official in Colorado!
December 4th, 2013 | by Becky Striepe
Have you been hunting for food safe fabric to make DIY snack bags? I found a solution for you!
July 27th, 2013 | by Becky Striepe
Got some recycled felt in your stash? We have some project ideas for you!
July 6th, 2013 | by Becky Striepe
One frequent reader question that we get is where to find ethically-made garment labels. These custom labels on organic cotton are the perfect solution!
June 19th, 2013 | by Becky Striepe
Sara Lee Parker creates beautiful organic fabrics, and she just released a new line!
May 22nd, 2013 | by Becky Striepe
We talk a lot about sustainable fabrics around here, both as part of our Fab Fabrics series and when we're sharing tutorials. A quick scan through our archives turns up the usual suspects: hemp, organic cotton, recycled felt, jute, linen, and - of course - vintage fabrics. But every once in a while we run across a fabulous fabric that's from more of an offbeat source
May 15th, 2013 | by Becky Striepe
Finding sustainable, waterproof fabric can be tricky. Even recycled synthetics contain quite a bit of new plastic in addition to the recycled content. That's why I was super excited to learn about a brand new waterproof fabric made from lotus flower stems. The fabric is a blend of lotus flower fibers and silk, and it's sustainable and waterproof!
February 16th, 2013 | by Becky Striepe
We love Daisy Janie around here! She's a sustainable fabric designer from way back, and it's great to see an old favorite still keeping things fresh with new collections and beautiful patterns and colors
October 18th, 2012 | by Bonnie Getchell
Fall is here and the cooler weather has arrived! My favorite accessory for cool weather is a scarf. After finding tons of tutorials for scarves, I decided to put together 5 of my favorite DIY scarves!


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Osborne, Malta (all)
- Free WiFi
Main amenities
- 63 smoke-free guestrooms
- Restaurant and bar/lounge
- Outdoor pool
- Rooftop terrace
- Breakfast available
- Airport shuttle
- 24-hour front desk
- Coffee/tea in a common area
- Air conditioning
- Daily housekeeping
- Laundry service
- Conference space
For families
- Private bathroom
- Free toiletries
- Daily housekeeping
- Laundry facilities
- Hair dryer
- Coffee/tea maker
What's around
- Heart of Valletta
- Mediterranean Conference Centre (0.7 mi / 1.1 km)
- Fort St. Elmo (0.9 mi / 1.4 km)
- National Museum of Fine Arts (0 mi / 0 km)
- Hastings Gardens (0.1 mi / 0.2 km)
- Fortifications Interpretation Centre (0.1 mi / 0.2 km)
Osborne, Malta (all)
Hotel Info: 866-539-8117from $158
- Double Room Single Use
- Double or Twin Room
Also popular with travelers from the USA
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 63 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 7 floors
- Check-in time 3 PM-5:30 AM
- Check-out time is Noon
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
Travelling with others
- Pets not allowed
- Free WiFi in public areas
- Free WiFi in rooms
- Airport shuttle *
- No parking
- Free nearby parking
Other information
- Smoke-free property
Nearby Three Star Malta (all) hotels
In the hotel
- Full breakfast daily (surcharge)
- Restaurant
- Bar/lounge
- Coffee shop/café
- Room service (during limited hours)
- Free reception
- Coffee/tea in a common area
- Outdoor seasonal pool
- Outdoor pool
- Pool sun loungers
- Conference space
- 24-hour front desk
- Concierge services
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Laundry facilities
- Free newspapers in lobby
- Luggage storage
- Multilingual staff
- Year Built 1700
- Elevator/lift
- Rooftop terrace
In the room
- Air conditioning
- Coffee/tea maker
- Iron/ironing board (on request)
- Blackout drapes/curtains
- Individually decorated
- Private bathroom
- Bathtub or shower
- Free toiletries
- Hair dryer
- 32-inch LCD TV
- Cable TV channels
- Desk
- Free WiFi
- Phone
- Daily housekeeping
- In-room safe (laptop compatible)
Top Malta (all) hotels
Recently reviewed hotels in Malta (all)
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Osborne, Malta (all)'s small print
Also known as
- Osborne Hotel
- Osborne Hotel Valletta
- Osborne Valletta
- Osborne Hotel Malta/Valletta
This property requires full payment upon check-in for any bookings where payment for the stay will be made on site instead of at the time of booking. To obtain additional information, please contact the office using the information on the reservation confirmation received after booking.
Children under 16 years old are not allowed in the swimming pool without adult supervision.
Mandatory fees
You'll be asked to pay the following charges at check in or check out:
- Destination fee: EUR 0.50 per person, per night
- Shuttle transfer per adult: EUR 20.00 (one way)
The charges below are included in the total price displayed:
- Christmas Eve gala dinner fee for stays on 24 December
- New Year's Eve gala dinner fee for stays on 31 December
Optional extras
Rollaway beds are available for EUR 20.00 per day
Full breakfast is offered for an extra charge of EUR 10.00 for adults and EUR â¬5.00 for children (approximately)
Airport shuttle service is offered for an extra charge of EUR 20.00 per vehicle (one way)
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.
Recent reviews
Good 3.9 /5 from 195 reviews
Adequate hotel. Great location in central Valetta. Great breakfast. Very helpful as tobsights tobsee.
Front desk not very helpful. Room was pleasant, clean.
The only plus for this hotel is the location!
The room was small, the bathroom tiny. The shower about 2 feet square. Caroline, at the front desk was wonderfully helpful and friendly. was in walking distance of many of the sights
We very much enjoyed our stay at the Osborne. Great location, nice room and better than usual breakfast with fresh fruit salad and a few hot items on the buffet. You can purchase cards and use your own lap top or purchase a password and use their system. We chose the latter and their log-off procedure did not work and therefore we were unable to use remaining purchased time. They refused to address the problem. I recommend buying the more expensive cards or having the desk person log out for you.
Is the description of this hotel not correct? Tell us


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$6.99Как и Эллиот, я также был заинтересован в понимании внутренних процессов движения рынка. В конце концов, в чем заключается наша деятельность? Мы пытаемся предсказать, что произойдет в ближайшем будущем. Если мы будем знать, как цена движется на рынке, то мы сможем, основываясь на этом, более надежным способом «предвидеть» будущий курс. При этом закон Фибоначчи оказывает большую помощь. Эти уровни
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X86 Assembly Language and C FundamentalsThe predominant language used in embedded microprocessors, assembly language lets you write programs that are typically faster and more compact than programs written in a high-level language and provide greater control over the program applications. Focusing on the languages used in X86 microprocessors, X86 Assembly Language and C Fundamentals explains how to write programs in the X86 assembly
X-Ray Computed Tomography in Biomedical EngineeringComputed Tomography gives a detailed overview of various aspects of computed tomography. It discusses X-ray CT tomography from a historical point of view, the design and physical operating principles of computed tomography apparatus, the algorithms of image reconstruction and the quality assessment criteria of tomography scanners. Algorithms of image reconstruction from projections, a crucial
Writing Virtual Environments for Software VisualizationWriting Virtual Environments for Software Visualization book describes the software for a networked, 3D multi-user virtual environment that allows users to create and share remotely visualizations of program behavior. Collaborative virtual environments such as World of Warcraft or Second Life are a popular way to share interactive internet experiences, but they are complex and difficult to create.
Worst-Case Execution Time Aware Compilation Techniques for Real-Time SystemsFor real-time systems, the worst-case execution time (WCET) is the key objective to be considered. Traditionally, code for real-time systems is generated without taking this objective into account and the WCET is computed only after code generation. Worst-Case Execution Time Aware Compilation Techniques for Real-Time Systems presents the first comprehensive approach integrating WCET considerations
Workload Characterization for Computer System Design
The Springer International Series in Engineering and Computer Science (Book 542)The advent of the world-wide web and web-based applications have dramatically changed the nature of computer applications. Computer system design, in the light of these changes, involves understanding these modem workloads, identifying bottlenecks during their execution, and appropriately tailoring microprocessors, memory systems, and the overall system to minimize bottlenecks. This book contains
Wireless, Networking, Radar, Sensor Array Processing, and Nonlinear Signal ProcessingNow available in a three-volume set, this updated and expanded edition of the bestselling The Digital Signal Processing Handbook continues to provide the engineering community with authoritative coverage of the fundamental and specialized aspects of information-bearing signals in digital form. Encompassing essential background material, technical details, standards, and software, the second
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Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering (Book 44)Wireless technology and handheld devices are dramatically changing the degrees of interaction throughout the world, further creating a ubiquitous network society. The emergence of advanced wireless telecommunication technologies and devices in today's society has increased accuracy and access rate, all of which are increasingly essential as the volume of information handled by users expands at an
$75.99In the wake of the growing use of wireless communications, new types of security risks have evolved. Wireless Security covers the major topic of wireless communications with relevance both to organizations and private users. The technological background of these applications and protocols is laid out and presented in detail. Special emphasis is placed on the IEEE 802.11x-Standards that have been
Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks on Reconfigurable Hardware
Information Reduction TechniquesTraditional wireless sensor networks (WSNs) capture scalar data such as temperature, vibration, pressure, or humidity. Motivated by the success of WSNs and also with the emergence of new technology in the form of low-cost image sensors, researchers have proposed combining image and audio sensors with WSNs to form wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs). This introduces practical and research


text:
Dear Visitor,
We are justly proud of our school. Castle Donington is a wonderful, safe and special place. Our children are at the heart of everything we do and we are a dedicated and creative staff who have the privilege of helping our children be the best they can be. We are increasingly successful. Children feel safe and looked after; feel they do well and love the time they spend here: they particularly value the after school, pre- school and lunchtime extra-curricular activities we have on offer. We love having them here too.
Mark Mitchley
All pupils were involved in the Memorial Walk and raised £431 for this wonderful charity. Read the full article...
Huge thanks and congratulations to the many pupils and staff who supported our efforts towards Read the full article...
Here at Castle Donington College, we are concerned, first and foremost with people. The staff and governors are committed to providing the best possible education for all of our pupils. We care passionately about the quality of education we provide.
Although our facilities are modern, we consider traditional attitudes and values to be important. We aim to provide individual, caring attention for each child and to create a stimulating environment so that effective teaching and learning can take place. Castle Donington College has high expectations of its maturing 10–14 year olds both academically and socially.


text:
- Member since Dec 22, 2002
Cc Key
I enjoy Digging up Bones & looking for those twigs that drifted away from the TREE. I have found my GGgrandparents BUT, can't find their daughter & her husbaand(my Ggrandparents).
Families researching: Andrews, Birdsell, Brimberry, Carr, Edinburgh, Jordy, Key, Manning, Minyard, Patton, Redden, Rhodes, Russell, Wood, Woods
Recent Activity
- Cc became a member of AncientFaces. Dec 22, 2002
Cc's Photos
Cc hasn't shared any photos yet.
Cc's Posts
Cc Key Pat, Do you show any relation of the NANCE line to the MINYARD line Thanks CC
Sep 25, 2006 · posted to the photo John A & Ailcey A (Nance) Key Wedding Photo
Cc Key Pat, It is very likely we are related, it may be distant, but my line is KEY and MINYARD, that some married NANCE females....I would love to get an enlarged picture, my eyes are bad, but the lady on left looks like my Ggrandmother....Some of the men in the back, seem familiar....What is your key line in the mid 1800-early 1900's....
Jan 29, 2005 · posted to the photo Key Family House & Family


text:
Definition of Ta'if in English:
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About the Authors
IFM Biology, AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, BMC, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Department of Medical Sciences, The Research Group of Autoimmunity, Akademiska Sjukhuset, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedics, Akademiska Sjukhuset, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
Corresponding Author
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: DW LA PJ OK. Performed the experiments: DW IG MJ A-SS OE SK. Analyzed the data: DW MJ C-JR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DW KBJ OK LA PJ. Wrote the paper: DW MJ.


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- Zombie Undead
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Home>>Films By 2012>>Argo (2012) film online free
- Argo (2012)
- Runtime:
- Release Date:2016-07-24 10:44:23
- Director: Ben Affleck
- Genres: Drama
- Studio: Warner Bros. Pictures / GK Films
MOVIE REVIEW:Argo (2012)
Auhtor:Chris Terrio
Based on true events, Argo chronicles the life-or-death covert operation to rescue six Americans, which unfolded behind the scenes of the Iran hostage crisis--the truth of which was unknown by the public for decades. On November 4, 1979, as the Iranian revolution reaches its boiling point, militants storm the U.S. embassy in Tehran, taking 52 Americans hostage. But, in the midst of the chaos, six Americans manage to slip away and find refuge in the home of the Canadian ambassador. Knowing it is only a matter of time before the six are found out and likely killed, a CIA exfiltration specialist named Tony Mendez (Affleck) comes up with a risky plan to get them safely out of the country. A plan so incredible, it could only happen in the movies.
Watch Argo (2012) Online for Free
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