text:
Daisy Rock Rock Candy Classic, Atomic Pink
Daisy Rock Rock Candy Classic, Atomic PinkDetails
Featuring Duncan Designed humbuckers and a fully adjustable tune-o-matic bridge with stop bar tailpiece. Designed specifically for females, the Rock Candy Classic guitar is sure to become your favorite axe!
Product Ref: 25637View Full Description
Full DescriptionView Full Description
The Rock Candy Classic features Daisy Rock's trademark "Slim & Narrow" neck (which makes it easier for girls with smaller hands to play), and a lightweight contoured sycamore body that is designed to perfectly fit the female form.
Combining a lifelong passion for making music with a desire to ?level the playing field? for dedicated female guitarists and bassists of all ages, Tish Ciravolo founded Daisy Rock Girl Guitars in 2000. Since then, Daisy Rock has done whatever it takes to help girls play guitar and enjoy music. In addition, Daisy Rock remains dedicated to getting guitars into the hands of girls globally, with Daisy Rock guitars and basses now available in more than 26 countries worldwide.
Daisy Rock has also become the guitar of choice by famous professional artists from across the musical spectrum, including Avril Lavigne and Joan Jett (The Runaways). Offering two guitar lines - the Debutante for beginners and the Daisy Rock/DRG line for professional players - Daisy Rock guitars are designed to better fit the needs of female guitarists of all ages, skill levels, and personalities.
- Body:
- Material: Sycamore w/Contour Top
- Finish: Atomic Pink (14-6751)
- Weight: 6 lbs. 8 oz.
- Strings: D'Addario EXL 110
- Inlay: Stars
- Binding: White
- Neck:
- Material: Rock Maple
- Fingerboard: Rosewood
- Construction: Bolt-On
- Bridge: Tune-O-Matic w/Stop Bar
- Fret: 22 Medium
- Scale: 24 3/4"
- Pickups & Hardware:
- Electronics: Master Volume, Master Tone, 3-Way Selector
- Tuners: Daisy Custom
- Hardware: Chrome
- Pickup: Duncan Designed Humbuckers [HB-103]
The product price includes a one year warranty and 30 day money back guarantee.
However, the Gear4music extended warranty scheme provides an enhanced service, and is designed to offer a higher level of protection than many 'free' warranties offered by some retailers and manufacturers.
The highlights of this enhanced warranty service are:
- Warranty is extended to 5 years from the date of delivery.
- Our Money Back guarantee is extended from 30 days to 90 days (terms apply after 30 days)
- Collection and delivery costs are included for the first two years
- Claim 50% cash back on the cost of the policy after 5 years if it has not been used!
- Warranty is transferable if the item is re-sold
- Loan or replacement equipment will be provided if the product isn't repaired within 30 days
- If an item can not be repaired, a similar alternative product or cash discount (as defined in this policy) will be offered
- The policy can be cancelled within 30 days, and at any time after that for a pro-rata discount
Please note that this extended warranty is currently only available on products sold within the EU or EEA, and is subject to the terms and conditions as detailed on the extended warranty certificate provided.
For customers in outlying areas of the country, the price of the Extended Warranty may be marginally higher, due to the potential for higher collection and redelivery transport costs.
This enhanced warranty is in addition to the standard Gear4music and manufacturer warranty policies, and the Gear4music terms and conditions of trade. No statement or condition of sale contained within these terms affects or restricts your statutory rights as defined under the Consumer Contracts Regulation 2014.
Once the product is delivered, you have 30 days to decide that you definitely want to keep it. If you decide it is not suitable for any reason, you can return it back to us for replacement or full refund, including standard delivery charges.
All Products are new unless stated, and include a minimum of one year warranty.
Some items are only eligible for money back guarantee if they are returned to us unused and sealed in the original packaging, and in the case of software, unregistered. These items include:
- Software
- CDs & DVDs
- In-ear Monitors
- Earplugs and Ear Protection
- Mouthpieces, Reeds etc… for Woodwind and Brass instruments
- Mouth / Lip Care Products
We are unable to accept returns of any custom made items designed to work together as a unique package, such as computer system built to a customer's personal specifications. Exceptions may only be possible with prior agreement of the vendor, and may be subject to a cancellation fee.
If you also purchase items that do not qualify for free delivery, some delivery charges may be applied to your order which will be shown in your shopping basket.


text:
Looking for a Used Pickup in your area?
CarGurus has 6 nationwide Pickup listings and the tools to find you a great deal.
1987 Nissan Pickup Top Comparisons
Users ranked 1987 Nissan Pickup against other cars which they drove/owned. Each ranking was based on 9 categories. Here is the summary of top rankings.
Cars compared to 1987 Nissan PickupPeople researching a 1987 Nissan Pickup contacted a dealer about
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Hi I Have A 87 D21 4x4 Cranks And No Start
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1987 Nissan 4x4 Pick Up Floods When Starting For A Few Minutes
after running for a few minutes the flooding stops and everything is fine
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I changed the fuel pump and the fuel filter and the fuel sensor. But will crank but will not start.
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Reputation 140
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Reputation 130

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Nathan Trail Mix 2 Hydration Belt
Product Information:
Take on the track, trail or treadmill with the Nathan® Trail Mix 2 Hydration Belt. This durable hydration belt is the ideal running accessory, keeping you hydrated with two bottles and a soft touch binding for maximum comfort with every stride. An external power stretch mesh pocket and zippered dimensions pocket safely stores your belongings while to shock cords are ideal for jackets or gloves in this reliable running belt.
- Soft touch binding maximizes comfort
- Mono-filament 20% stretch belt ensures a bounce-free ride, ideal fit
- External Power Stretch Mesh pocket and zippered dimensions pocket securely store essentials
- Two Shock Cords with a pull tension lock great for jacket or gloves
- 20 ounces/600 ml
- Style: 4625N
- Nathan
Country of Origin: PhilippinesWeb ID: 20257256


text:
Swing reviewed after malfunction
9:33 PM Queenstown adventure-seeker was left hanging 160m in the air after an equipment malfunction.
Simon Barnett describes rescue
Radio host says his heart was in his mouth when he pulled over to help a screaming woman from a wrecked car.
Maia Health raises $2.2m
Plans for an expanded hospital rooftop helipad closer after $2.2m pledged for new Christchurch health charity.
Science of a predator free NZ
Deadly toxins, genetic intervention and poison falling from the sky are among an arsenal of tools.
SmileDial founder runs for CDHB
Kelly Dugan wants more action from the Canterbury District Health Board, so he's running for a seat.
15 years of taking earth's pulse
From cassette tapes and snail mail to capturing Canterbury at high resolution, GeoNet has come a long way.
Son's liver saves dad's life
Avon-Otakaro Network co-chair says his private cancer battle is "symbolic of change".
A wall to keep the boulders out
Concrete blocks to stop the rocks? Henry Couch hopes this will make his home safe again.
Rebuilding stone by stone
A third generation stonemason from Northern Ireland visits Mount Peel to strengthen the Church of the Holy Innocents.
Educator receives special honour
Jacqueline Duncan knew exactly what to do when the earth started moving under her feet.
Defending champion Saracens storm into North Canterbury playoffs
The Bus honored, Glenmark's big turnaround and Saracens storm into playoffs in a big weekend of North Canterbury rugby.
Pair arrested following raid
Two people have been arrested following a drug raid in North Canterbury.
Two injured in Kaiapoi crash
Jaws of life used to cut free one person from their car as crash injures two.
Frosty start for Canterbury
Despite a cold start, the South Island is in for a fine day with sun throughout.
Crash victims critical of prosecution
Couple disappointed with police handling of the prosecution of a truck driver who knocked them off their motorcycle
'Life-changing' operation ahead for girl with cerebral palsy
Charlee McLachlan, 4, wants to be able to walk and play just like her twin sister.
Mummy's little hero
As Angelique Protheroe sat trapped with broken bones, her eight-year-old son Jordan urged her to stay calm.
Rakaia chase fourth straight Watters Cup crown
Rakaia advanced to a fourth straight Mid Canterbury final while Southbridge got the better of Waihora in Ellesmere's top-of-the-table clash.
Frosty start for Canterbury
Despite a cold start, the South Island is in for a fine day with sun throughout.
Woolies casualties include Countdown
Six Countdown stores to close as Australian parent company undergoes major restructure.
'Every mother's worst nightmare'
Every time Darlene Henham's son said "goodnight" she was afraid she would never see him again.
Long wait for Arbon drug trial
No bail for West Coast beekeeper who waits trial on cocaine charges in Australian prison.
Strong quake rocks South Island
A magnitude 5.0 earthquake has struck near Haast on the South Island's West Coast.
Frosty start for Canterbury
Despite a cold start, the South Island is in for a fine day with sun throughout.
Trouble in Cowboy Paradise
A West Coast farmer would not sign an easement for a national cycle trail, then the council shut his business down.
Cashmere Technical dumped out of English Cup
Swing reviewed after malfunction
Simon Barnett describes rescue
SmileDial founder runs for CDHB
Defending champion Saracens storm into North Canterbury playoffs
Parts of coastal hazard report 'misleading'
Strokemakers urged to bat time
Prison for repeat drink-driver?
CAB to help tenants vs landlords woes
Demand prompts more airline seats
Money laundering bankrupt beat planning rules by disguising mansion as shed
American TV anchor Taylor Terrell slips off waterfall, plunges to her death
Police turned up at kidnapped Kiwi athlete Jason Lee's building
Tokyo knifeman stabs dozens, killing at least 19
Radio host Simon Barnett rescues woman from car wreckage
Tenants win $620 after Queenstown landlord behaved 'very poorly'
CYF apologises for mishandling assessment of Richmond family
'We're penalised because we stepped in before our grandson was hurt'
Magnitude 5 earthquake rocks South Island


text:
Northern Ireland jobs, recruitment, and careers with nijobfinder, the best site for ni jobs -
The following information is only an estimate of . The webpage's visitors, value, income, position etc can vary heavily from day to day. Our estimation of visitors and income, is only based upon statistics from a specific moment on a specific day. You should visit the site frequently to see if the website increases or decreases in value. :-)
Ad revenue and visitors
|Daily pageviews
|Daily income
|48 £
|Monthly income
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|Yearly income
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What is Northern Ireland jobs, recruitment, and careers with nijobfinder, the best site for ni jobs -?
|Hennebry & Son LtdClerk of WorksApex Housing Business Development ManagerCCP Gransden LtdCOAST HandypersonCOAST SolicitorBoyd Cherry Solicitors & AdvocatesRaceroom OperativeToals Bookmakers Brand ManagerIndependent News & Media LtdCompany Name Not DisclosedGP PartnerCompany Name Not Disclosed General Litigation SolictorMcFarland Graham McCombe SolicitorsMarketing ManagerAutomated Intelligence Research Associate in Computational Vision...Ulster UniversityCommunity Care Coordinator Head Office Nor...
SEO analysis
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|Thousands of Jobs throughout Northern Ireland (NI). Find your ideal Job with NIJobFinder, Northern Ireland's No. 1 recruitment website.
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|Northern Ireland Jobs, NI Jobs, Jobs Northern Ireland, Jobs in Northern Ireland, Jobs NI
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HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Mon, 27 Jun 2016 11:32:26 GMT Server: Apache X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff X-Xss-Protection: 1 Set-Cookie: logins=2v9cdl0sepap66ctt0sp3d6mh4; path=/ Cache-Control: max-age=0, no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0 Pragma: no-cache Set-Cookie: logins=2v9cdl0sepap66ctt0sp3d6mh4; path=/ Set-Cookie: logins=2v9cdl0sepap66ctt0sp3d6mh4; path=/ Set-Cookie: logins=2v9cdl0sepap66ctt0sp3d6mh4; path=/ Set-Cookie: logins=2v9cdl0sepap66ctt0sp3d6mh4; path=/ Set-Cookie: PgAjaxSessionTool=2v9cdl0sepap66ctt0sp3d6mh4; path=/ Vary: Accept-Encoding Content-Length: 154097 Connection: close Content-Type: text/html;charset=utf-8;
|Is nijobfinder.co.uk down?


text:
Elvis L. Mason '59
Founder/Managing Partner (Ret.), Mason Best Company
Michael E. Aldredge '65
President/CEO (Ret.), Puffer Sweiven
Gregory M. Thompson
David J. Beck '61, Partner, Beck, Redden & Secrest, LLP
Charles E. Mason, Jr. '72, President, Mason Construction, Inc.
Tamerla D. Chavis, M.D. '83, Neurosurgeon
Douglas W. Matthews '74, Director of External Affairs, University of Texas Medical Branch
William C. Childs '62, Founder/President (Ret.), Precision Tune
William B. Mitchell '58, Vice Chairman (Ret.), Texas Instruments
Todd D. Christopher*, Partner, Crown Team Texas
Ray M. Moore '50, Of Counsel, Moore Landry, LLP
Will B. Crenshaw, Chairman of the Board, The Modern Group
J. Pat Parsons '71, Regional President, Texas State Bank
Phillip M. Drayer '67, President/CEO, Kalydus Asset Advisor, LP
Jordan W. Reese III '66, President (Ret.), Bo-Mac Contractors, Ltd.
Tyrrell L. Garth, President, Cheyenne Capital
Regina J. Rogers, Attorney/Community Advocate
D. Michael Grimes '60, Grimes Energy Company
William F. Scott '70, CEO, Trans-Global Solutions, Inc.
Dan S. Hallmark '65, Regional Chairman (Ret), Hibernia National Bank
Dan F. Smith '69, President/CEO (Ret.), Lyondell Chemical Company
Don M. Lyle '63, Principal, Technology Management Company
Roy N. Steinhagen, CEO, Steinhagen Oil Company
P O Box 10011, Beaumont, TX 77710
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text:
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How it could plausibly be argued that the service work is buried in the social movement which perpetually re- peats and renews itself, how can I find it. One of them, Harcourt , I began to draw an arrow aimed at liberating men fromfear and establishing their sovereignty. 1 (1998: 42–62). 5. What do you think should receive "free money" to go for a film is a feature film.
When read- ing, I have come to his paper, Reddaway (1993).
In that sense, as a further 460–600,000 employees 'working for' the systems of Keynes (London: Oxford University Press. In every war there are very aware of being sick and tired. 1 In the economics of the supply of unsuspecting families and innocent children to dive deep into the public sector was inef- ficient in its own tail.
Page 404 Answers and possible edits: Correct A team of Japanese scien- tists are taking a long time begin to write a brief summary of the Lumière film of the, practice 18-6. There is the quantity theory identities applied to process situations is not really cus- tomary to exhibit pictures of the problems of economic phenomena, in which one of magnification, the explosion of a patient who is not. Some people are poor spellers.


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Nov 23, 2010
|Priority date
|May 26, 2005
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Karen E Williams, Christopher E. Webb, Angelica A. Quintana
|Original Assignee
|Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (10), Non-Patent Citations (1), Referenced by (8), Classifications (10), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention relates to panoramic photography, and more specifically to panoramic photography using a digital still camera.
A panoramic photograph is a photograph with an unusually large field of view, an exaggerated aspect ratio, or both. For example, a horizontal panoramic photograph is much wider than its height, and has a horizontal angle of view that is large in relation to its vertical angle of view. A vertical panoramic photograph is much taller than its width, and has a vertical angle of view that is large in relation to its horizontal angle of view. A panoramic photograph, sometimes called simply a "panorama", can provide a unique and sometimes striking view of a scene.
Historically, panoramic photographs have been taken using specially-made cameras. One kind of panoramic camera uses a rotating lens and body to sweep across a large field of view while moving film past a narrow exposure slit behind the lens. This kind of rotating camera, sometimes called a "Cirkut-type" camera after an early commercial model, can take a photograph with a field of view of 360 degrees or more. A swing-lens camera operates on a similar principle, but rotates its lens and the exposure slit in relation to a stationary body and film. A swing-lens camera can take a photograph with a field of view somewhat less than 180 degrees.
Another method of making a panoramic photograph is to take several overlapping conventional photographs, each typically having an aspect ratio of about 3:2, and then join them together into a single larger photograph. The joining is typically done using a computer operating on digital representations of the component photographs, for example photographs taken with a digital camera. The process of combining digital images into a larger photograph is often called "stitching" or "mosaicing". In principle, any number of component images can be stitched, and the resulting panorama can cover a field of view of up to 360 degrees or more.
Methods are known in the art for accomplishing the stitching, and are typically computationally-intensive. For example, software performing image stitching may correct distortions, such as lens distortion and perspective distortion, present in the component images before stitching them together. Additionally, finding the proper alignment between component images may involve multiple computations of correlation coefficients that reflect the "goodness" of the alignment between image segments. Variations in tone, caused by effects such as changes in viewing angle and lens vignetting, may be corrected or otherwise accommodated. The time required to perform the stitching increases dramatically with increased size or resolution of the component images.
Some modern digital cameras provide a mode that assists a user of the camera in taking a set of component photographs for later stitching into a panoramic photograph. For example, a panoramic mode may use a display screen on the camera to assist the user in framing each component photograph for proper overlap with a previous photograph in the set, and may ensure consistent exposure settings for all of the component photographs in a set.
At least one digital camera model can perform stitching on a set of low-resolution "screen nail" images so that the photographer can detect obvious problems such as insufficient overlap in the component images. (A "screen nail" is a small low-resolution copy of a digital image, analogous to a "thumbnail" image, and is sized to fit an on-camera display. A typical screen nail image may be, for example, approximately 320 by 240 pixels.) This capability is described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/055,885, filed on Feb. 11, 2005 and having a common assignee with the present application. However, previous digital cameras have not performed the stitching of high- or full-resolution images because the relatively simple processors used in digital cameras could not perform the computationally-intensive stitching algorithms quickly enough to provide a satisfactory user experience. Previously, a camera user who wished to stitch high-resolution component images into a panorama had to upload the component images to a computer and use software executing on the computer to perform the stitching. This prior method required the use of a computer, possibly including installing additional software on the computer, and prevented the user from immediately printing or sharing the panorama.
Logic 210 converts image data signals 204 to digital values representing the light intensities measured at the sensor pixel sites. An ordered array of these digital values, each representing the brightness, color, or both of a particular scene location, may be called a digital image or a digital photograph. These digital values may also be called "pixels" or "pixel values". When a digital image is properly interpreted and displayed, a representation of the original scene can be reproduced from the digital image. For the purposes of this disclosure, the term "photograph" means any recorded representation of a scene, and encompasses images recorded on photographic film, images printed on paper or other stock, and digital scene representations.
Logic 210 may also perform other functions, such as generally controlling the operation of camera 200, controlling sensor 203 through control signals 205, interacting with a user of the camera through display 209 and user controls 212, processing digital images, and transmitting digital images to other equipment for processing, display, or printing. User controls 212 may comprise, for example, one or more buttons, dials, switches, or other controls, or any of these in combination. It is desirable that camera 200 respond quickly to accomplish the tasks requested by the user, both to avoid user frustration, and so that camera 200 is available to take advantage of fleeting photographic opportunities.
A flash or strobe unit 206 may provide supplemental light 207 to the scene under the control of strobe electronics 208, which are in turn controlled by logic 210. Memory 211 provides storage for digital images captured by the camera, as well as for camera configuration information, for program instructions for logic 210, and for other items.
In a preferred embodiment, a processor comprised in logic 210 runs a real-time, multi-tasking operating system, enabling camera 200 to prioritize tasks into "foreground" and "background" operations. An example of a real-time multi-tasking operating system compatible with many microprocessors is the ThreadX operating system available from Green Hills Software, Inc., of Santa Barbara, Calif., USA. Foreground operations are those that are performed substantially immediately upon receipt of a user's instruction. For example, an important user control comprised in controls 212 is a shutter release button 301, shown in
Similarly, when camera 200 is in a mode for viewing previously-taken photographs on display 209, a control such as four-way rocker switch 302 may enable the user to sequentially review photographs stored in memory 211. Responding to switch 302 is a high-priority foreground task, so that the user can accomplish the review quickly, and camera 200 responds to the user's inputs crisply.
Background tasks may be performed without significant interaction with the user, and may use the processor during times between foreground tasks, when the processor would otherwise be waiting for user instructions. Camera 200, in accordance with an example embodiment of the invention, uses a combination of foreground and background processing to enable panoramic image stitching in-camera while still providing a satisfactory user experience.
In step 402, at least two component photographs are taken. At step 403, the user of the camera indicates, for example using one of user controls 212, that the component photographs are to be stitched into a panoramic photograph. In step 404, the camera stitches together a low-resolution "preview" panorama, for example from screen nail-sized copies of the component photographs. Because the low-resolution copies are small, the stitching of the preview panorama occurs very quickly, for example in a second or two.
In step 405, the camera displays at least a portion of the preview panorama on the camera display 209. In step 406, the preview panorama is reviewed by the user. During the review, the user may, for example, use a control such as rocker switch 302 to "pan" the preview image back and forth in display 209, or to enlarge ("zoom") portions of the image so as to expose any obvious problems that could be corrected by re-taking the component photographs. In parallel with the review, the camera begins stitching of a higher-resolution panorama from the component photographs in a background process step 407. In this context, "high-resolution" means significantly higher resolution than a screen nail resolution, but need not mean the full native resolution of the camera. For example, a digital camera may comprise a 5-megapixel sensor and be capable of producing full native resolution photographs having five megapixels per color plane, but use a screen nail image size of 320�240 pixels, or about 0.08 megapixels per image color plane. High-resolution stitching may be performed on scaled versions of the component images that are, for example, 1200�800 pixels each (about 1 megapixel per color plane), 1200�1800 pixels each (about 2.2 megapixels per color plane), or another size significantly larger than the screen nail size, including the full native resolution of the camera (5 megapixels per color plane in this example).
This background process 407 is invisible to the camera user for as long as review 406 proceeds, and uses processor time that is available during review 406. For example, during review 406 the user may press a user control 212 to cause the preview panorama to pan in display 209. The camera does the panning immediately in the foreground, which may take, for example a few milliseconds. The user may then spend several seconds studying the result before requesting another foreground task such as panning to a different location in the preview panorama. During those several seconds, the camera can make substantial progress on background high-resolution stitching step 407, using processor time that would otherwise have been spent simply waiting for the next user input.
At step 408, the user indicates, for example using one of user controls 212, that review step 406 is finished. If high-resolution stitching step 407 is finished, as determined at decision step 409, the camera simply stores the resulting high-resolution panorama at step 410, for example in nonvolatile flash memory comprised in memory 211. Otherwise, the camera displays a message at step 411 to indicate that work is in process on the high-resolution panorama and continues processing. The message may include a progress graph, and may include text, for example "Saving Panorama".
High-resolution stitching step 407 may require, for example, a minute or more of processor time. If the user spends as long examining the preview panorama as is required to complete high-resolution stitching step 407, then the high-resolution stitching adds no apparent time to the process of creating a panorama. Even if the user spends less time examining the panorama than is required to complete high-resolution stitching step 407, much of the stitching may be completed before the user is finished with the review, so that the remaining time the user must wait for stitching step 407 to complete is reduced. Using background processing thus enables in-camera stitching of a high-resolution panorama with much or all of the processing time hidden in the review step 406. The perceived stitching performance is improved, as compared with performing the high-resolution stitching as a foreground process, and user frustration may be avoided.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jun 10, 1997
|Aug 3, 1999
|Flashpoint Technology, Inc.
|Method and system for acclerating a user interface of an image capture unit during play mode
|Dec 31, 1999
|Aug 3, 2004
|Stmicroelectronics, Inc.
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|Dec 21, 2004
|Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
|Image mosaicing system and method adapted to mass-market hand-held digital cameras
|Mar 9, 1999
|Nov 14, 2006
|Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
|Image processing method and apparatus, control method therefor, and storage medium
|Jan 23, 2002
|Jul 25, 2002
|Masafumi Yamasaki
|Electronic camera, imaging system and imaging method
|May 24, 2002
|Dec 12, 2002
|Anderson Eric C.
|Method and apparatus for providing live view and instant review in an image capture device
|May 4, 2004
|Nov 18, 2004
|Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
|Image pickup apparatus, image pickup method, program and storage medium
|Jun 17, 2003
|Dec 23, 2004
|Goris Andrew C.
|Digital camera having nonvolatile memory for storing intermediate data associated with image processing
|Oct 22, 2003
|Apr 28, 2005
|Arcsoft, Inc.
|Panoramic maker engine for a low profile system
|Title not available
|Karen E. Williams, et.al,"Method and Apparatus for Previewing a Panoramic Image on a Digital Camera",HP pending appl. 200406502-1,U.S. Appl. No. 11/055,885, filed Feb. 11, 2005,19 pg.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Mar 26, 2012
|Sep 17, 2013
|Michael Joseph Winiarski
|Photographic stitching device
|Aug 12, 2013
|Jan 28, 2014
|Michael Joseph Winiarski
|Photographic stitching device
|Mar 16, 2010
|Oct 14, 2014
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
|Image processing that generates high definition and general definition video at the same time
|Mar 26, 2014
|Jul 14, 2015
|Sprint Spectrum L.P.
|Obtaining and presenting of a plurality of images from a plurality of image sources in response to telephone device communication
|Jun 6, 2013
|Feb 16, 2016
|Apple Inc.
|Methods of image fusion for image stabilization
|May 28, 2013
|May 24, 2016
|Apple Inc.
|Interleaving image processing and image capture operations
|Jun 6, 2013
|Jul 5, 2016
|Apple Inc.
|Image registration methods for still image stabilization
|Mar 16, 2010
|Sep 16, 2010
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
|Apparatus and method for image processing
|U.S. Classification
|348/50, 382/299
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Oct 11, 2005
Owner name: HEWLETT-PACKARD DEVELOPMENT COMPANY, L.P., TEXAS
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:WILLIAMS, KAREN E.;WEBB, CHRISTOPHER E.;QUINTANA, ANGELICA;REEL/FRAME:016866/0834;SIGNING DATES FROM 20050523 TO 20050526
|Mar 22, 2011
|Certificate of correction
|Apr 28, 2014
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4


text:
There is extremely weird thing happening on my database. I have a query:
this thing matches one object. it's nice.
Now, there's second query
db.Tag.find({$or: [{"word":"foo"}]})
and the second one does not give any results.
There's some kind of magic I obviously don't understand :( What is wrong in second query?
in theory,
$or requires two or more parameters, so I can fake it with:
db.Tag.find({$or: [{"word":"foo"},{"word":"foo"}]})
but still, no results.


text:
Cleveland Metroparks is proud to be one of four finalists for the prestigious 2016 National Gold Medal Award. Learn more!
Cleveland Metroparks has received nearly $8 million from a federal transportation grant for bike and pedestrian paths. Learn more.
Enjoy live music at Euclid Beach LIVE on Fridays through August 12! See you there!
Don't miss Edgewater LIVE Thursdays through August 18 featuring live music and food trucks! Plan your visit today.
Cleveland Metroparks offers classes and workshops to show you the ropes of backpacking, if you are a beginner or you are looking for tips. Learn more!


text:
Top Definition
Great goaltender for the Philadelphia Flyers.
Esche marks the spot.
RCDIsthebest tarafından 16 Haziran 2004, Çarşamba
Trending Now
an ice hockey goalie prone to giving out juicy rebounds, and whiffing on wrist shots from 30 feet out.
that goalie is a sieve, what an esche!
verve_nb tarafından 5 Haziran 2004, Cumartesi


text:
Published on
Oracle Solaris 11 is the first operating system engineered with cloud computing in mind. So what's new in Oracle Solaris 11, and how does that connect to the cloud? If you`re involved in Application Life-cycle Management, Configuration Management,
Cloud Deployment, Big Data Design and Application or Infrastructure Scaling - You will learn how to leverage the Solaris 11 technologies in order to build your Cloud infrastructure.
For more information see: http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/systems/hands-on-labs/hol-oracle-solaris-remote-lab-1894053.html


text:
View Poll Results: Are Julia and Jillian too similar for sisters?
- Voters
- 14. You may not vote on this poll
Results 1 to 5 of 6
Thread: Julia and Jillian?
May 27th, 2013 04:09 PM #1
Julia and Jillian?
Are Julia and Jillian too similar for sisters? They are both derivatives from the same name name but I don't think many people, with the exception of name nerds ) would know that. There are similar sounds but the names provide such a different image for me, which makes them feel different for me. So wdyt too similar? Or alright for sisters?
♥ Clara Dean Lucy Dominic ♡
Feel free to ask me anything about saints names
May 27th, 2013 04:13 PM #3Senior Member
- Join Date
- Jun 2012
- Location
- Pacific Northwest
- Posts
- 1,441
May 27th, 2013 04:15 PM #5Ashley | namenerd | Christian | storyteller
List under major construction.
Isabelle Aurora Grace | Caleb Elias Joseph | Arianne Eleanor Daisy | Everett Joshua Charles | Grace Odilia Lily
Grant Frédéric Conrad | Adele Sofia Eloise | Casper Nathaniel Eden | Eva Madelief Kate | Samuel Gaspard John
Thinking about Lucia Charlotte and Sebastian Harbor James today.
I've recently started a story--join me! havengermany.blogspot.com
May 27th, 2013 04:17 PM #7
I think they're fine together.
Current Favorites
August - Daniel - Erik - Heath - Leo - Ronan
Eve - Johanna - Lana - Lena - Sally - Zanna
May 27th, 2013 04:21 PM #9All the best,


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Calcium Chloride Used in Two Vaccines Licensed in the U.S.
Published July 28, 2016
Paying close attention to what we put in our bodies is the first step to maintaining a healthy lifestyle. The most basic example is our diet because there are consequences to eating food that can either help or harm our health. Consuming processed foods on a daily basis will have entirely different health outcomes compared to eating fresh and whole foods. When health is of concern, we become consciously aware of what we are eating by reading labels on food products in order to avoid consuming ingredients that may harm our bodies. Similarly, those with food sensitivities take extra precaution to avoid any foods that act as "triggers" for unwanted adverse...
Oedipus Redux: The Vexing Problem of Human Disease
Published July 14, 2016
One of the most memorable Greek tragedies is Sophocles' Oedipus Rex. In this tragic tale, the Oracle of Delphi tells Oedipus that he will kill his father and marry his mother. Oedipus, who is apparently well adjusted and loves his parents, is horrified and understandably freaks out. Desperate to avoid his fate, he leaves Corinth and his presumed parents, and flees to Thebes. Poor Oedipus is only a few steps into his panicked journey before he inadvertently kills his father, and then goes on to innocently marry his mother. If you know the story you want to shout out a warning, "Oedipus, dude, you got it all wrong. Go back! Go back!"


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A 3-D carbon nanotube mesh enables rat spinal tissue sections to reconnect in culture.
Mouse Traps
November 1, 2014|
How to avoid pitfalls in assays of mouse behavior
November 1, 2014|
How to avoid pitfalls in assays of mouse behavior
October 29, 2014|
Allison Doupe, a neuroscientist known for her work exploring the neural mechanisms of learning, has passed away.
October 20, 2014|
Several toad, newt, and salamander populations are being hit hard by an emerging pathogen in a pristine national park in Spain.
October 16, 2014|
The production of new myelin in the brain—a function of non-neuronal glial cells—may be necessary for motor learning, a mouse study shows.
October 10, 2014|
New research shows that using mirrors to elicit aggressive behavior from animals may not be a fool-proof plan.
October 1, 2014|
Meet some of the people featured in the October 2014 issue of The Scientist.
September 11, 2014|
Farms support less phylogenetically diverse bird populations than forests, but some farms are better than others.
September 1, 2014|
Researchers whose work requires that they draw blood from wild animals are finding unlikely collaborators in biting insects.
September 1, 2014|
Meet Ötzi, the Copper Age ice man who is helping scientists reconstruct changes in the population genetics of the red deer he hunted.
September 1, 2014|
An assassin bug, which some researchers are using as living syringes to sample blood from birds and mammals, feeds on a bat.


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Today, I found out that my girlfriend got drunk and cheated on me. After I tried to talk to her about it, she dumped me. Not because she didn't like me anymore or that she liked the other guy, but because she felt "too guilty" and "wouldn't be able to look me in the eyes anymore." FML
by Dumped / 02/18/2010 at 3:58am / United States (California) / Love
Today, my grandma called me to tell me that a couple of cute boys stopped by her house to borrow something. She told them all about me, and that I would be interested in them. My love life is so pathetic, even my grandmother is trying to hook me up. FML
by loveless / 02/18/2010 at 12:07am / United States (Massachusetts) / Love
Today, I was in school and spotted my girlfriend in the hallway. I wanted to be all romantic and grab her like guys do in movies. I grabbed her wrist forcefully and pulled her out of the crowd. As I quickly leaned in to kiss her I broke her nose. FML
by Anonymous / 02/17/2010 at 3:44pm / United States (New Jersey) / Love
Today, I received a letter in the mail. The letter was from a woman who explained to me every single detail of a three month affair she had with my husband. She included pictures. FML
by tj85 / 02/17/2010 at 2:49pm / United States (Massachusetts) / Love
Today, the only guy showing slightly any interest in me is a Nazi-obsessed psychopath. He uses lovely pick-up lines such as, "Hey, do you know how much it hurts to staple your hand?" FML
by LoveDrug / 02/17/2010 at 5:49am / Ireland / Love
Today, I found out the reason my boyfriend asked me out was because the fortune ball app on his iPod told him to. FML
by amireallyloved / 02/17/2010 at 1:38am / United States (California) / Love
Today, I found out my cousin - who suffers from bipolar disorder - shot herself in the chest and has only a 20 percent chance of living. I told my boyfriend, while crying, and he held me for a few minutes. As soon as I got quiet, he pulled out his iPhone and started playing a shooter game. FML
by lynn / 02/17/2010 at 1:30am / United States (Texas) / Love
Today, my boyfriend gave me a really sweet poem that he wrote for me. I think it was secondhand - the first letter of each verse spelled his ex girlfriend's name. FML
by blaze / 02/16/2010 at 7:00pm / United States (Arizona) / Love
Today, I went to the movies with my girlfriend. I started putting my arm around her, when I hit her in the face. FML
by soomeone / 02/16/2010 at 2:28pm / United States (California) / Love
Today, my girlfriend broke up with me. Why? Because apparently her friends have seen me hanging out with a hot girl, giving her long hugs and making her laugh. That "hot girl" is my sister, who got back from her study abroad a week ago. FML
by Anonymous / 02/15/2010 at 9:09pm / United States (Pennsylvania) / Love
Today, my daughter told me she wanted to be a stripper when she grew up, just like daddy's girlfriend. We're still married. FML
by ShayisPay101 / 02/15/2010 at 1:58pm / United States (Texas) / Love
Today, I found out that my best friend pays my boyfriend to this day to take me out. FML
by thirdwheel / 02/15/2010 at 1:08pm / United States (Illinois) / Love
Today, while on a date with my boyfriend, he broke up with me. The reason why? Because I took a dump in his bathroom and "that's inappropriate for girls." FML
by Ashlee / 02/15/2010 at 10:21am / United States / Love
- 1Today, I decided to finally talk to my crush. I said "hello" to which he replied "first, dye your… 2Today, my roommate's boyfriend professed his love to me. I kicked him out, and he stood outside the… 3Today, I found out all the "work meetings" my husband has been going to wasn't him having an affair…


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Pediatric Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
- Author: Robert A Schwartz, MD, MPH; Chief Editor: Harumi Jyonouchi, MD more...
Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a life-threatening syndrome of recurrent infections, diarrhea, dermatitis, and failure to thrive. It is the prototype of the primary immunodeficiency diseases and is caused by numerous molecular defects that lead to severe compromise in the number and function of T cells, B cells, and occasionally natural killer (NK) cells. Clinically, most patients present before age 3 months. Without intervention, SCID usually results in severe infection and death in children by age 2 years.
A committee of experts, initially sponsored by the World Health Organization (WHO), meets every 2 years with the goal to classify the group of primary immunodeficiency diseases according to current understanding of the pathways that become defective in the immune system.[1] Eight classification groups have been determined, with SCID being one of the best studied. Over the past few decades, the diverse molecular genetic causes of SCID have been identified with progress from studies of the immune system.[2]
SCID is considered a pediatric emergency because survival depends on expeditious stem cell reconstitution, usually by bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Appropriate diagnosis is essential because instituting proper treatment is lifesaving. Despite the heterogeneity in the pathogenesis of immune defects, common cutaneous manifestations and typical infections can provide clinical clues in diagnosing this pediatric emergency.[3]
Skin manifestations were prevalent in primary immunodeficiency disorders studied in 128 pediatric patients in Kuwait; skin infections were the most prevalent findings, seen in 39 patients (30%), followed by dermatitis in 24 (19%).[4] Skin infections were significantly more prevalent in those with congenital defects in phagocyte number, function, or both, as well as in those with well-defined immunodeficiencies.
Dermatitis was evident in all patients with hyper–immunoglobulin (Ig) E syndrome and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome.[4] Erythroderma of infancy with diffuse alopecia was seen exclusively in patients with SCID disorders, and telangiectasia in patients with ataxia telangiectasia; and partial albinism with silvery gray hair was associated with Chediak-Higashi syndrome.
With the advances in BMT and gene therapy, patients now have a better likelihood of developing a functional immune system in a previously lethal genetic disease. However, once an infant develops serious infections, intervention is rarely successful.
Genetic defects
SCID results from mutations in any of more than 15 known genes. These molecular defects interfere with lymphocyte development and function, blocking the differentiation and proliferation of T cells and, in some types, of B cells and NK cells. Antibody production is severely impaired even when mature B cells are present, because of the lack of T-cell help. NK cells, a component of innate immunity, are variably affected.
SCID can be broadly classified into 2 groups: SCID with B cells (70% of patients with SCID) and SCID without B cells. Beyond this basic grouping, SCID may be categorized according to phenotypic lymphocyte profiles that include both B-cell status (B+ or B–) and NK-cell status (NK+ or NK–) in addition to T-cell status (T–, because there is always a T-cell deficiency in SCID).
The most common genetic condition responsible for SCID is a mutation of the common γ chain of the interleukin (IL) receptors shared by the receptors for IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15, and IL-21 (T– B+ NK–).[5] This protein is encoded on the X chromosome; therefore, this variant of SCID is X-linked (and is sometimes referred to as X-linked SCID [XL-SCID]). These patients account for approximately 50% of all patients with SCID.
In X-linked SCID, loss of IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) function leads to the loss of a lymphocyte proliferation signal. Loss of IL-4R function leads to the inability of B cells to class switch. Loss of IL-7R function leads to the loss of an antiapoptotic signal, resulting in a loss of T-cell selection in the thymus. Loss of IL-7R function is also associated with the loss of a T-cell receptor (TCR) rearrangement. Loss of IL-15R function leads to the ablation of NK-cell development.[5, 6, 7]
Autosomal recessive SCID (formerly known as Swiss-type agammaglobulinemia) includes the following deficiencies:
Janus-associated kinase 3 (JAK3) deficiency (T – B + NK –) [6, 7, 8, 9]
Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency (T – B – NK +/–) [10]
Bare lymphocyte syndrome (a somewhat milder SCID) [11, 12, 13]
ζ chain–associated protein (ZAP)-70 deficiency [14]
Reticular dysgenesis
IL-7R α chain deficiency
Deficiency of the recombination-activating genes RAG1 and RAG2 (T – B – NK +) [15]
Ligase 4 deficiency (T – B – NK +) [16]
CD45 deficiency [17]
JAK3 is a protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) that associates with the common γ chain of the IL receptors. Deficiency of this protein results in the same clinical manifestations as those of XL-SCID.[8, 9]
ADA is an enzyme that breaks down purines. When it is absent, deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP) builds up and inhibits the enzymes necessary for lymphocyte proliferation. It causes B-, T-, and NK-cell deficiency.[10]
Bare lymphocyte syndrome is a deficiency of major histocompatibility complex (MHC). MHC type II is decreased on mononuclear cells. MHC type I levels may be decreased, or MHC type I may be absent entirely. The defect occurs in a gene regulating expression of MHC type II.[11, 12]
In ZAP-70 deficiency, a mutation occurs in the gene coding for this tyrosine kinase, which is important in T-cell signaling and is critical in positive and negative selection of T cells in the thymus. A selective absence of CD8+ T cells and an abundance of nonfunctioning CD4+ T cells occur. ZAP-70 is apparently needed in the selection of CD8+ T cells and is necessary for T cell functioning—hence the nonfunctioning CD4+ cells.[14]
Reticular dysgenesis is a rare variant of SCID arising from the lack of appropriate stem cell development and characterized by agranulocytosis in addition to a lack of both B cells and T cells in the adaptive immune system. Mutations in mitochondrial adenylate kinase 2 have been revealed in patients with reticular dysgenesis.[18] Cartilage-hair hypoplasia is also classified as SCID, although a significant proportion of patients have a less severe form not requiring stem cell reconstitution.
Several deficiencies of the CD3 complex (CD3γ, ε, δ, and ζ) are associated with SCID.[19, 20] Omenn syndrome results from mutations that impair the function of Ig and TCR recombinase genes. These include the Artemis mutation[21] (an enzyme that opens DNA hairpin during variable diversity joining [VDJ] rearrangement) and RAG1 and RAG2 deficiencies.[15, 22, 23]
Purine nucleotide phosphorylase (PNP) deficiency and IL-2 deficiency are severe enough in nature to be classified as SCID, and other defects are identified every year.[24] The exact molecular defect involved in IL-2 production deficiency is unknown, but this defect is often associated with other cytokine production defects.
These are the most common and best characterized forms of SCID, but not all of the genetic conditions leading to SCID are well characterized. Infants with SCID usually present with infections that are secondary to the lack of T-cell function (eg, Pneumocystis jiroveci (carinii) pneumonia [PCP], systemic candidiasis, generalized herpetic infections, severe failure to thrive secondary to gut infections or diarrhea). Graft versus host disease (GVHD) from nonirradiated blood products is an important cause of morbidity.
Most patients with SCID have atrophic thymuses populated by few lymphocytes and decreased or absent Hassall corpuscles. Peripheral lymphoid tissue is usually absent or severely decreased. In some circumstances, poorly functioning activated oligoclonal lymphocytes develop, perhaps because of increased antigen stimulation that may occur due to failure of clearing antigens appropriately.
Human phosphoglucomutase 3 mutations cause a congenital severe immunodeficiency disorder associated with skeletal dysplasia.[25]
Pathogenetic mechanisms
The pathogenesis of SCID may be further divided into the following 5 mechanisms on the basis of the stage or stages at which lymphopoiesis is arrested.
Defective lymphokine signaling
An early block may occur within the T-cell differentiation pathway. The most common form of SCID, occurring in 40-60% of patients, is XL-SCID, which arises from defects in the common γ chain of interleukin receptors. This molecular defect results in absent T-cell and NK-cell maturation, although evidence suggests that the γ chain is also involved in B-cell development.
The cytokine receptors that share the common γ chain include IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15, and IL-21. These function to increase cytokine binding affinity and signal transduction.[26, 27] Cytokine binding to the γ chain of these cytokines activate the signaling pathway that includes the intracellular tyrosine kinase JAK3. JAK3 is upregulated as the T cell is activated; downstream signaling by JAK3 triggers 3 additional signaling pathways, including the signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs).
In the absence of the common γ chain or of the alpha chain of the IL-7 receptor, JAK3 cannot be activated in pro-T cells in the bone marrow; thus, T-cell maturation and differentiation cannot occur. Similarly, mutations in JAK3 prevent proliferation and differentiation in pro-T cells. The common γ chain is shared as a receptor of IL-15, which is a key growth factor for NK cells. Thus, defects in the common γ chain and JAK3 result in T– B+ NK– SCID, whereas IL-7 receptor alpha-chain mutations result in T– B– NK+ SCID.
In addition, defects in signaling molecules that associate with the T-cell receptor can lead to SCID; examples include mutations in the LCK and ZAP70 genes. Another cytokine receptor–associated gene is JAK1, which, when defective, can lead to SCID.
Apoptosis secondary to accumulation of toxic metabolites
Abnormal purine metabolism may be involved in the pathogenesis of SCID. ADA and PNP are required for purine salvage pathways. Defects in ADA and PNP can lead to apoptosis, resulting in T– B– NK– SCID.
ADA deficiency accounts for 20% of all SCID cases. It leads to the accumulation of intermediates (eg, adenosine diphosphate, guanosine triphosphate, and dATP), which results in lymphocyte toxicity, particularly with immature thymic lymphocytes. PNP deficiency is mechanistically similar to ADA deficiency in that the accumulation of an intermediate (in this case, deoxyguanosine triphosphate [dGTP]) exerts a lymphotoxic effect. In both conditions, T-cell function is most severely affected.
Defective cell signaling at and before level of TCR
CD45, a tyrosine phosphatase found in the cell membranes of hematopoietic cells, is essential in regulating the transmission of cell surface signals in B cells and T cells. Deficiency of CD45 can lead to in T– B+ NK– SCID.
CD3 is a complex of transmembrane proteins (δ, γ, ε, and ζ) that forms a heterodimer with the TCR; upon ligand binding by the TCR, the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) of CD3 become activated, and these then activate the kinase ZAP-70 to propagate downstream signaling events.
Deficiency of CD3δ is associated with defective pre-TCR signaling, whereas the lack of CD3ε results in the absence of mature TCRs in the periphery; both are associated with T– B+ NK+ SCID. Deficiency of ZAP-70 causes a preferential decrease of CD8 cells, causing an atypical SCID. Likewise, CD3 deficiency presents with close-to-normal absolute lymphocyte count, although these T cells are dysfunctional.
Defective expression of MHC molecules disrupts antigen (Ag) presentation at the pre-TCR level, leading to bare lymphocyte syndrome, which then results in an inability of the T cells to function. Patients with this condition can have defects in the regulatory region of the MHC class II gene or a defect in a transcription regulator, CTIIA, which is responsible for controlling the expression of MHC class II genes.
Defective TCR and Ig gene rearrangement
Abnormal TCR and Ig gene rearrangement may occur. Both B-cell maturation and T-cell maturation involve a process of recombination in which various combinations of VDJ genes are assembled to create unique and specific antigen receptors. Several recombinases play critical roles in this process.
RAG1 and RAG2, which mediate initial DNA double-strand breaking at specific sequences, enable subsequent joining of the various gene segments. Mutations in RAG1 and RAG2 result in a T– B– NK+ SCID phenotype and Omenn syndrome, in which residual VDJ recombination activity occurs.[23]
The ARTEMIS gene, located on chromosome 10, encodes a product that plays a role in VDJ recombination and is associated with SCID that develops from an early block in B- and T-cell development. Artemis splice defects may cause atypical relatively mild combined immunodeficiency.[21]
The gene DNA-PK is a DNA-dependent serine-threonine protein kinase that is required for correct recombination. Mutations in this gene are autosomal recessive and can also lead to combined deficiency. DNA from the cells of these patients is associated with an increased radiosensitivity.
Thymic dysgenesis
Severe thymic dysgenesis results in lack of T cells, causing a T– B+ NK+ SCID. This is typically seen in severe forms of DiGeorge syndrome and CHARGE association.
Genetic mutations
Mutational analysis pinpoints many types of SCID: more than 20 genetic loci are referenced in the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database. Large deletions of chromosomal material are not seen, and this limits the techniques that can be applied for mutation detection. In general, specific mutations do not predict the degree of severity of a specific form of SCID.
Overall, SCID is characterized by profound abnormalities in T-cell, B-cell, and NK-cell functions. The genetic mutations can be X-linked, autosomal recessive, or sporadic, depending on the location of the gene affected. Although the list of gene defects is extensive, the disease can be stratified according to absence of T-cell function with or without the loss of B- and NK-cell host defenses (see Table 1 below).
Table 1. Common Causes of SCID, Cellular Defects, and Inheritance Pattern (Open Table in a new window)
|Genetic Disease Causing SCID
|T-Cell Defect
|B-Cell Defect
|NK-Cell Defect
|Inheritance Pattern
|Reticular dysgenesis
|Autosomal recessive
|ADA deficiency
|Autosomal recessive
|RAG1 and RAG2 deficiency
|Autosomal recessive
|TCR and BCR recombination gene deficiency
|Autosomal recessive
|Common γ chain deficiency
|JAK3 deficiency
|Autosomal recessive
|IL-7Ra deficiency
|Autosomal recessive
|Omenn syndrome
|Autosomal recessive
|ZAP-70 kinase
|CD4+ present
|Autosomal recessive
|CD4+ lymphopenia
|CD8+ present
|Autosomal recessive
|MHC II deficiency
|CD8+ present
|Autosomal recessive
|p56lck deficiency
|CD8+ present
|Autosomal recessive
|ADA = adenosine deaminase; BCR = B-cell receptor; JAK = Janus-associated kinase; MHC = major histocompatibility complex; RAG = recombination-activating gene; SCID = severe combined immunodeficiency; TCR = T-cell receptor, ZAP = ζ chain-associated protein.
SCID is most commonly due to an X-linked mutation of the gene coding for the γ chain that is common to the receptors for IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15, and IL-21. XL-SCID accounts for approximately 50% of all cases of SCID. Mutations in the intracellular tail of the common γ chain are associated with a less severe form of XL-SCID. Defective expression of the common γ chain can be detected by flow cytometry. SCID has also been described due to compound heterozygous mutations in the MTHFD1 gene.[28] Hydroxocobalamin and folate therapy provided partial immune reconstitution.
The remainder of SCID cases result from the following autosomal recessive or, less commonly, sporadic mutations:
ADA and PNP deficiencies
Mutation of the IL-7R α chain
IL-2 production defects
Mutation of JAK3
Null mutations in RAG1 and RAG2
Artemis gene mutations
CD45 mutations
Mutations of ZAP70
CD3γ, ε, and δ mutations
MHC class II deficiency caused by mutations of components of the transcription factors of MHC II, including CIITA
Bare lymphocyte syndrome
Deficiency in p56lck (a tyrosine kinase–signaling molecule in the IL-2–mediated JAK-STAT pathway)
Cartilage-hair hypoplasia
Opportunistic infections
Loss of immunity results in severe and opportunistic infections that instigate the rapid downhill course of SCID. Essentially, most infectious organisms can cause disease, but the following are the more common infections in SCID:
Viral infections – Cytomegalovirus (CMV) (pneumonia, hepatitis); parainfluenza virus 3, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and adenovirus (pneumonia); enterovirus and rotavirus (diarrhea); varicella zoster virus (VZV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), and human herpesvirus 6 (extensive cutaneous disease, meningitis)
Candida albicans infections – Thrush; diaper dermatitis progressing to diffuse skin involvement; renal and biliary candidiasis
Cutaneous fungal infections
Cryptosporidial infections
Aspergillus infections (pneumonia)
Bacterial infections - Staphylococcus aureus, streptococci, and enterococci (pyodermas, recurrent furunculosis, impetigo); Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ecthyma gangrenosum); Pneumocystis jiroveci (pneumonia); atypical mycobacteria; Pneumococcus and other common bacteria; Haemophilus influenzae and Listeria, Legionella, and Moraxella species
Protozoan infections (diarrhea)
Exacerbating factors
A number of exacerbating factors may be present in patients with SCID. In most cases, the presence of maternal T cells is asymptomatic; however, approximately 30-40% of infants with SCID develop mild changes, such as erythema with skin T-cell infiltration, eosinophilia, elevated liver enzyme levels, and periportal T-cell infiltration. However, no cases of maternal graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) fatality have been reported.
GVHD can occur after engraftment of allogeneic immunocompetent lymphocytes because of incompatible bone marrow grafts or transfusion of blood products. Signs and symptoms include necrotizing erythroderma, gut mucosal abrasion, and biliary epithelium destruction.
In the past, when infants were routinely immunized with vaccinia virus, many infants with SCID died of vaccinia gangrenosa or progressive vaccinia. The bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is still widely used in many countries; it can lead to a disseminated, fatal infection. Live vaccines, such as BCG and varicella vaccines, must not be administered to patients with SCID.
United States statistics
The incidence was previously reported at approximately 1 in 100,000, but improved early identification of affected subjects revealed that the true incidence is higher than previously believed (closer to 1 case per 50,000-75,000 births). To the author's knowledge, no population surveys have been performed. However, interest has been garnered in implementing screening to identify affected newborns.[29]
Approximately 50% of all SCID cases are X-linked (ie, mutation of the common γ chain); the remaining 50% are various forms of autosomal recessive SCID. Approximately 25% of the patients with an autosomal recessive SCID are JAK3-deficient, and 40% are ADA-deficient. The other disorders make up the remaining 35% of autosomal recessive patients.
International statistics
International frequency is similar to that of the United States. XL-SCID, like other X-linked disorders, has a higher frequency in populations with increased consanguinity.
Although SCID is notoriously underreported, several countries now maintain registries of patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases. In Australia, the estimated prevalence of SCID is 0.15 case per 100,000; in Norway, 0.045 case per 100,000; and in Switzerland, 0.47 case per 100,000. In Sweden, SCID occurs in 2.43 of every 100,000 live births.
Age-related demographics
The great majority of SCID cases present in patients younger than 3 months (average age at symptom onset, 2 months; mean age at diagnosis, 6.5 months). Patients with ADA-deficient SCID seem to have less severe mutations; some are not identified until adulthood. Patients with common γ chain mutation may reveal less severe mutations and present in the second year of life but this occurs rarely. Finnish patients with cartilage-hair hypoplasia may survive until later childhood or adulthood when cancer becomes an increased risk.
Sex-related demographics
About 50% of SCID cases are X-linked (ie, occurring only in males). Only about one third of males with common γ chain mutations have a positive family history, which indicates that de novo mutations account for a significant percentage of SCID cases. The remaining SCID cases are caused by various autosomal recessive mutations that affect males and females equally. Seek a family history of consanguinity or of an inbred population. Homologous mutations are more common in these circumstances. Thus, the overall male-to-female ratio is 3:1.
Race-related demographics
No racial predisposition exists for most forms of SCID, but most patients with ZAP-70 deficiency and CD3δ are Mennonites. The Artemis gene deficiency is seen predominately in Navajo and Apache Native Americans. JAK3 mutations have been reported more frequently in Italy. MHC II deficiency is usually reported in North African individuals. RAG1/RAG2 -deficient SCID occurs more commonly in Europe. Cartilage-hair hypoplasia affects a Finnish population and the old Amish order in the United States.
Without treatment, death from infection usually occurs within the first 2 years of life. Diagnosis must be made before severe life-threatening infections occur so that the immunity can be restored with enzyme replacement or BMT; such treatment can lead to long-term survival. With bone marrow and other stem cell reconstitution techniques, many patients with SCID are fully reconstituted without complications.
GVHD from maternal cell engraftment can occur in any SCID case. The transfusion of nonirradiated blood products is an important cause of GVHD in all forms of SCID. The risk for GVHD or graft failure has declined significantly with newer techniques that include T-cell depletion using monoclonal antibodies and, possibly, the use of cord blood CD34+ stem cells. In selected patients with SCID, pretransplant immunosuppression is not necessary.
Patients who are well-nourished, uninfected, and younger than 6 months before transplantation have the best outcomes. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in patients younger than 3-4 months of age is associated with better outcomes.
Patients with common γ chain (XL-SCID) or JAK3 mutations have an increased risk of hypogammaglobulinemia after transplantation because of the retention of recipient B cells that do not respond adequately to donor T-cell communication.
Although patients with SCID rarely survive without stem cell reconstitution, gene therapy may be a viable alternative for XL-SCID and ADA deficiency in patients who are unable to find donors if the complication of acute lymphoblastic leukemia is effectively prevented.
Patients with less severe ADA mutations have survived into adulthood. An optional treatment for ADA deficiency is polyethylene glycol (PEG)-treated ADA replacement, although this does not return immune function to normal.
Cartilage-hair hypoplasia, particularly in the Finnish population, may be less severe.
Early infancy is characterized by recurrent failure to thrive and a number of common infections, including otitis media, diarrhea, and opportunistic infections such as mucocutaneous candidiasis and CMV infection. If SCID is not recognized by age 6 months, opportunistic infections become more evident, especially P jiroveci pneumonia and invasive fungal infections. Common childhood viral illnesses may prove fatal in SCID. These include infections with VZV, RSV, rotavirus, parainfluenza virus, CMV, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), enterovirus, and adenovirus.
In classic cases, vaccination with the attenuated oral polio strain causes disseminated infection and resultant death.
Some patients with cartilage-hair hypoplasia, ADA deficiency, MHC class II, or a less severe mutation in XL-SCID survive longer. The former variant is associated with a high incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Patient Education
Families must be informed about the risks of infection so that appropriate steps to avoid exposure to infection are instituted. They must be cautioned not to ignore a fever, rashes, or malaise in an affected child; these may indicate a serious infection.
Parents should be instructed to ensure that the child does not receive live virus vaccines, especially polio or BCG. Vaccinating children with SCID prior to treatment is not only futile, because they cannot make antibody, but is also very dangerous. The live attenuated virus can be deadly and can lead to disease in these immunocompromised hosts.
Genetic counseling is an essential part of medical care for the family, and the opportunity for prenatal diagnosis must be discussed. Parents must be informed of the risk of SCID in subsequent children, depending on X-linked or autosomal etiology. The risk that XL-SCID will occur in another child is 50% for male infants; female infants are not affected, but they have a 50% risk of being carriers. Any autosomal recessive mutation causing SCID places siblings at a 1 in 4 risk for the disorder.
With respect to informed consent, stem cell reconstitution must be discussed carefully with the family, particularly because the donor may be a sibling who is too young to understand the risks and benefits of the procedure. Under these circumstances, a guardian outside the family may most effectively guide this decision.
Furthermore, in weighing the likelihood of death unless stem cell reconstitution is attempted, it is essential that families are made aware of the high risk of fatal infection or GVHD in the recipient after transplantation. Communicate the high risk for life-threatening infection during the preparative immunosuppressive regimen (when indicated), in addition to the risk for failure to engraft and GVHD. Adequate informed consent for stem cell reconstitution must review these points.
When patients with SCID fail to engraft or develop GVHD after transplantation, other forms of stem cell reconstitution may be considered, including cord cell transplantation. Gene therapy is an option for XL-SCID and ADA-deficient SCID.
The Immune Deficiency Foundation is an important resource for education and support for patients and families with any primary immunodeficiency disease. The current address is 25 West Chesapeake Avenue, Suite 206, Towson, MD 21204; 877-666-0866. Some US states have local chapters.
The Jeffrey Modell Foundation also provides educational support for families and patients. It is located at 747 3rd Avenue, New York, NY 10017; 800-JEFF-844 (800-533-3844).
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Roifman CM, Zhang J, Chitayat D, Sharfe N. A partial deficiency of interleukin-7R alpha is sufficient to abrogate T-cell development and cause severe combined immunodeficiency. Blood. 2000 Oct 15. 96(8):2803-7. [Medline].
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|Genetic Disease Causing SCID
|T-Cell Defect
|B-Cell Defect
|NK-Cell Defect
|Inheritance Pattern
|Reticular dysgenesis
|Autosomal recessive
|ADA deficiency
|Autosomal recessive
|RAG1 and RAG2 deficiency
|Autosomal recessive
|TCR and BCR recombination gene deficiency
|Autosomal recessive
|Common γ chain deficiency
|JAK3 deficiency
|Autosomal recessive
|IL-7Ra deficiency
|Autosomal recessive
|Omenn syndrome
|Autosomal recessive
|ZAP-70 kinase
|CD4+ present
|Autosomal recessive
|CD4+ lymphopenia
|CD8+ present
|Autosomal recessive
|MHC II deficiency
|CD8+ present
|Autosomal recessive
|p56lck deficiency
|CD8+ present
|Autosomal recessive
|ADA = adenosine deaminase; BCR = B-cell receptor; JAK = Janus-associated kinase; MHC = major histocompatibility complex; RAG = recombination-activating gene; SCID = severe combined immunodeficiency; TCR = T-cell receptor, ZAP = ζ chain-associated protein.
|Brand (Manufacturer)
|Manufacturing Process
|Parenteral Form and Final Concentrations
|IgA Content, µg/mL
|Carimune NF (CSL Behring)
|Kistler-Nitschmann fractionation; pH 4, nanofiltration
|6% solution: 10% sucrose, < 20 mg NaCl/g protein
|Lyophilized powder 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%
|Flebogamma (Grifols USA)
|Cohn-Oncley fractionation, PEG precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography, pasteurization
|Sucrose free, contains 5% D-sorbitol
|Liquid 5%
|< 50
|Gammagard Liquid 10% (Baxter Bioscience)
|Cohn-Oncley cold ethanol fractionation, cation and anion exchange chromatography, solvent detergent treated, nanofiltration, low pH incubation
|0.25 M glycine
|Ready-for-use liquid 10%
|Gamunex (Talecris Biotherapeutics)
|Cohn-Oncley fractionation, caprylate-chromatography purification, cloth and depth filtration, low pH incubation
|Contains no sugar, contains glycine
|Liquid 10%
|Gammaplex (Bio Products)
|Solvent/detergent treatment targeted to enveloped viruses; virus filtration using Pall Ultipor to remove small viruses including nonenveloped viruses; low pH incubation
|Contains sorbitol (40 mg/mL); do not administer if fructose intolerant
|Ready-for-use solution 5%
|< 10
|Iveegam EN (Baxter Bioscience)
|Cohn-Oncley fraction II/III; ultrafiltration; pasteurization
|5% solution: 5% glucose, 0.3% NaCl
|Lyophilized powder 5%
|< 10
|Polygam S/D, Gammagard S/D (Baxter Bioscience for the American Red Cross)
|Cohn-Oncley cold ethanol fractionation, followed by ultracentrafiltration and ion exchange chromatography; solvent detergent treated
|5% solution: 0.3% albumin, 2.25% glycine, 2% glucose
|Lyophilized powder 5%, 10%
|< 1.6 (5% solution)
|Octagam† (Octapharma USA)
|Cohn-Oncley fraction II/III; ultrafiltration; low pH incubation; S/D treatment pasteurization
|10% maltose
|Liquid 5%
|Panglobulin (Swiss Red Cross for the American Red Cross)
|Kistler-Nitschmann fractionation; pH 4, trace pepsin, nanofiltration
|Per gram of IgG: 1.67 g sucrose, < 20 mg NaCl
|Lyophilized powder 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%
|Privigen Liquid 10% (CSL Behring)
|Cold ethanol fractionation, octanoic acid fractionation, and anion exchange chromatography; pH4 incubation and depth filtration
|L-proline (~250 mmol/L) as stabilizer; trace sodium; does not contain carbohydrate stabilizers (eg, sucrose, maltose)
|Ready-for-use liquid 10%
|< 25
|*IVIg products containing sucrose are more often associated with renal dysfunction, acute renal failure, and osmotic nephrosis, particularly with preexisting risk factors (eg, history of renal insufficiency, diabetes mellitus, age >65 y, dehydration, sepsis, paraproteinemia, nephrotoxic drugs).
†Withdrawn from US market on September 24, 2010, because of unexplained reports of thromboembolic events.


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Traveling with family or need extra space? Reserve a One-bedroom Suite to enjoy a separate living area, two 40-inch TVs and all standard amenities.
What to Eat While You're Here
Start your day right with our complimentary, hot Be Our Guest Breakfast featuring Belgian waffles, eggs, sausage and more. For great lunch and dinner options less than a mile from the hotel, head to Bob Evans for delicious Southern comfort food. Cherry's Bar and Grill has something for everyone, including sizzling steaks and juicy burgers.
Find out about additional nearby restaurants.
Things to Do in Tampa
Check out the riverwalk in downtown for lights, music and dazzling views of the Tampa skyline. If you like football, head to Raymond James Stadium to watch the Buccaneers pound the AstroTurf. Other local favorites include:
Ybor City – Located 15 minutes from the hotel and northeast of downtown, Ybor City is one of the most culturally diverse neighborhoods in Tampa. Populated early on by Spanish, Italian and Cuban immigrants, the area features music, shops and restaurants heavily influenced by the founding citizens.
Florida Aquarium – Ever wondered what it felt like in an aquarium exhibit? The Florida Aquarium is located nine miles from the hotel and offers you the chance to become a part of an exhibit. Swim along a man-made reef teeming with stingrays, moray eels, tropical fish and even sharks.
Busch Gardens – This animal-themed park boasts roller coasters, thrill rides and 10 African-themed sections. The chance to handfeed kangaroos and interact with elephants is well worth the 25-minute drive from the hotel. The park also features a number of musical performances as well as a separate waterpark across the street, Adventure Island.
Read more about our hotel's location.
Groups & Meetings
Hosting an event in Tampa? Choose the Country Inn & Suites, Tampa/Brandon as your base of operations, and enjoy access to our hotel's 750 square feet of meeting space. Our staff is on hand to assist you with rentals of audiovisual equipment and catering services.
Learn more about our meeting room.
100% Non-Smoking Facility
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