text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Publication date
|Oct 1, 1963
|Filing date
|Mar 30, 1959
|Priority date
|Mar 30, 1959
|Publication number
|Ownby Warren G
|Original Assignee
|Camco Inc
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (17), Referenced by (11), Classifications (11)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
Oct. 1, 1963 w. e. OWNBY SELECTIVELY ACTUATED WELL TOOL 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 30, 1959 VV. 6. Ownby INVENTOR. BY Q Q. 1%
A Trap/v5 V Oct. '1, 1963 w. G. 'OWNBY SELECTIVELY ACTUATED WELL TOOL 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 30, 1959 ATTORNEY 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 W INVEN TOR.
W. G. OWNBY SELECTIVELY ACTUATED WELL TOOL /v/ a? am m 5 Z .6 /2\\\ w f .7///// v v////// 5 Oct. 1, 1963 Filed March 30, 1959 x I i 7///////n// fin a a ATTQRNEY Oct. 1, 1963 w. G. OWNBY 3,105,547
SELECTIVELY ACTUATED WELL TOOL Filed March 30, 1959 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 l 2 BY A Tram/f Y United States Patent 3,165,547 SELECTIVELY ACTUATED WELL TUGL warren G. Ownhy, Houston, Tex., assignor to Cameo, Incorporated, Houston, Tex., a corporation of Texas Filed Mar. 30, 1%59, Ser. No. 803,049 32 Claims. ((32. 166-65) This invention relates to well tools and more particularly to an improved wire line type of equipment to be lowered into a well for automatic operation upon reachmg a preselected depth and the present application is a continuation in part of pending application Serial Number 778,826, filed December 8, 1958, now abandoned.
An object of the invention is to provide a tool to be lowered into a well and to carry a signal detector which responds to a given signal in triggering the performance of an operation at a selected depth.
A further object of the invention is to provide an imroved tool having several signal detectors co-operatively dependent on one another to control a work performing operation upon their simultaneous responses to Signals received at a given location.
Another object of the invention is to employ several permanent magnets located in a well tubing string and arranged in sets at given depth stations and with the magnets of each set spaced apart in different relations and to use a lowering tool having magnetically actuated switches whose pole pieces are adjustable to key their relation selectively to any one of the sets of permanent magnets whereby the switches act to close a control circuit under magnet influence in unison only when they are in the magnetic fields of the selected set of permanent magnets, the completion of the control circuit serving to trigger a release of energy suitable for the job in hand.
A still further object of the invention is to enable the owner of a well to install a series of spaced apart tool receiving nipples in a well string for the subsequent latching of a well working tool in any one nipple and -to associate with each nipple a magnetic field arrangement different from the others and to which there can be coded the field detector of a tool lowering device so that latch actuation will be effect at the proper moment for anchoring the tool in the desired nipple.
Another object of the invention is to provide an electro-mechanical locating and actuating running tool having an electrically operated work performing device connected in a control circuit containing a number of series connected switches responsive to radial disposition of tubing string feelers or surface followers which are set in predetermined axially spaced apart relation coded or in correspondence to known mechanical surface formations in a specim nipple incorporated at a given location in a string of well tubing sections whereby when the location of the nipple is reached by a tool being passaged through the string the fact will be signaled by transmission of feeler movement or displacement to close the several switches simultaneously and complete a circuit for current flow to the work performing device.
In the accompanying drawing, illustrating preferred but not necessarily the only embodiments of the invention, FIG. 1A is an elevational view with parts in section of the upper portion of a tool according to one form; *lGS. 1B and 1C are elevations respectively showing an intermediate portion of the tool and a lower tool fragment and a hanger detachably connected thereto, parts of the apparatus being in section and the tool being located in a well production string shown in section; FIG. 2 is a wiring diagram of the circuitry employed in the tool; FIG. 3 is a vertical section of a well production conduit with the improved tool located therein during a lowering operation; FIGS. 4A, 4B and 4C are vertical lid-$5,542 Fatented Got. 1, 1963 sectional views illustrating respectively an upper portion of a selectively actuated well tool, a lower portion thereof and a work performing device suspended therefrom with the lower part of FIG. 4C being in a larger casing; FIG. 5 is a vertical section corresponding generally to FIG. 4B but illustrating an alternative setting of the parts; FIG. 6 is a transverse section as on line 6-6 of FIG. 5; FIG. 7 is a wiring diagram of the circuit employed in the mechanical-electrical embodiment and FIG. 8 is a perspective view with broken-away parts of a magnetic field sensing switch.
The usual well production conduit comprises a string of steel tubing sections including the section 1 in the drawing, and according to this invention certain of the tubing sections are specially formed with upper counterbored ends of given length. Within the enlarged diameter upper counterbored pocket of each of the several specially formed tubing sections and as seen in FIGS. 18 and 3, there will be fitted a series of separate rings including annular permanent magnets, spacer tubes for setting the magnets at selected axial distances apart and nonmagnetic nings, one on each side of each magnet. As illustrated, each pocket has two spaced apart magnets comprising an upper magnet 2 and a lower magnet 3 so magnetized that their pole portions are radially inwardly and outwardly thereof. On opposite sides of the magnet 2 are the rings 2a of nonmagnetic material. Similar nonmagnetic rings 3:: are placed above and below the magnet 3. The lower set of rings 3 and 3a is hottomed on the shoulder at the lower end of the counterbore and separating the two sets of rings is a tubular spacer 4 of magnetic material. An upper spacer tube 5, also of magnetic material, occupies the pocket above the upper magnet ring. By installing spacer tubes 4 and 5 of varying lengths, the axial spacing between the two magnets can be varied to provide any of several distinctly different reference markers or detector signaling fields and according to the present invention, a number of sets of magnets are to be used at spaced apart depths as the station markers and the spacing between the magnets of each set will be different, advantage beingtaken of the spacing differences for selectively coding thereto field sensing detectors or magneto mechanisms for controlling their simultaneous responses.
The radially inward and outward faces of each permanent magnet ring are of opposite polarity and for the purpose hereof the inner face may be considered as a north pole and the outer or peripheral face may be considered as the south pole of the magnet. The magnetic field between the poles is extended by the shields or guards afforded by the nonmagnetic rings above and below each magnet. Thus the how path extends into the tubing bore from the north pole and both upwardly and downwardly around the nonmagnetic rings and through the tubing wall to the south pole, and the field can be employed for a response in or to signal operation of a magneto mechanism when the same traverses or is properly brought into intersecting relation with the field.
Such response can be employed for effecting operation of work performing equipment of various kinds and an example of such operation is the actuation of a latch for securing a tool hanger in a landing nipple. Accordingly, the drawing illustrates a conventional tool hanger and a tubular receiver or landing nipple 6 incorporated in the tubing string, and one of such nipples is immediately below each of several magnet carrying tubing sections. That is to say, at a given distance below the lower magnet 3 of each magnet mounting tubing section, there will be a latch keeper notch 7 in a nipple 6.
The keeper notch 7, as seen in FIG. IC, has projected thereinto a number of latch lugs 8 forming parts of a conventional tool hanger assembly and which comprises essentially a pair of telescopically fitted inner and outer concentric tubes 9 and 19. The innermost tube constitutes a slidable plunger having an annular carn ming enlargement 11 which upon downward retraction of the plunger 9 is brought into alignment with and projects the latches 8 outwardly from their locating tube 10. Upward projection of the plunger 9 carries the carnming enlargement 11 above the latches 8 and enables their retraction from the keeper notch 7. Thus removal of a previously latchedin tool hanger will necessitate the use of a wire line pulling tool which can be clutched onto a fishing neck at the upper end of the plunger 9 for raising it upwardly, first permitting latch retraction and then carrying the whole hanger assembly out of the well.
Hanger installation is by means of a running tool arranged so that when the retracted latches come into alignment with a keeper notch of a nipple at a preselected location, a controlled force can be applied for a relative downward projection of the plunger 9 in its housing 10. Thereaftenseparation of the running tool from the latched hanger can be effected, for example, by breaking a shear pin connection 12 connecting the upper end of the housing or outer tube with the lower end of the running tool.
The running tool disclosed herein includes a wire line suspended hollow tubular barrel 13 housing plunger operating mechanism. Such mechanism includes a slidable hammer or jar 14, shown by dotted lines in FIG. 1B, and which can be forced downwardly to strike the upper end of and to push down the hanger plunger 9. Hammer force may be supplied by various agencies, including an energy storing spring held under stress by a solenoid releasable detent, but as illustrated in the drawing, the release of operating energy is supplied by an explosive charge mounted in the chamber 15 above the hammer 14 and provided by a squib with an electrically responsive firing cap. In the upper part of the running tool there will be housed the electrical components arranged in a circuit as diagramed in FIG. 2 for firing the explosive charge or squib 16.
in the wiring diagram, a main or manually set ofi and on switch 17 is shown in a position to open a control circuit and to close a grounding circuit for the squib 16 as a safety factor against accidental ignition. When the device is ready for use and before it is lowered through the well, the main switch 17 is thrown into engagement with a contact for closing a circuit involving a battery 18 and a pair of oscillatory coils 19 and 20 of magneto machines, the coils being in parallel and supplied with current from the battery 18 as controlled by variable resistances 21 and 22. A switch having a fixed contact 23 and a movable contact 24 is associated with the coil 19 and a similar switch comprising a fixed contact 25 and a movable contact 26 is associated with the coil 24). The switches are series connected in a control circuit having therein a battery 27 and the coil of a relay switch 28. When both switches are concurrently closed due to magnetic field responses at the coils 19 and 20 as will be described, the relay switch 28 will be actuated for supplying current from a battery 29 to fire the squib 16. The squib thus constitutes an electrically responsive actuator for the explosive charge or other work performing device and the switch assemblies constitute field sensing or detector units since magnetic fields at the previously mentioned station markers are detected or sensed by switch closing responses upon tool traverse of the field.
The main switch 17 has its positions controlled by means of a set screw 39 shown in FIG. 1A. This set screw is arranged for lateral adjustment to move its tapered tip for position setting engagement with the conical upper end of a head 31 on a switch actuating slidable stem 32 V normally urged upwardly by a coil spring. When the screw is threaded inwardly, the switch 17 will be in the grounded relationship shown in FIG. 2 and when the screw 39 is backed outwardly, as seen in FIG. 1A, the
main switch will be in position for current flow in the circuit having the battery 18. The wiring for the various components corresponding to those diagramed in the upper part of the circuit of FIG. 2, lead to a connector panel 53 of FIG. 1A from which other wires lead downwardly to the components represented in the lower half of the diagram of FIG. 2.
The coil 19 controlling the contacts 23 and 24 and the coil 20 controlling the contacts 25 and 26 are parts of a pair of axially spaced apart magneto mechanisms located in the housing 13 and each mechanism also includes two soft iron disks 33 and 34 spaced apart axially a distance which will approximate the vertical dimension of each of the nonmagnetic rings 2a and 311. Thus when any disk comes into transverse alignment with any permanent magnet, the disk will constitute a pole piece or pole portion of the mechanism for co-operation with the inner face of the magnet and the field between the north and south poles of the magnet will be extended to include that pole piece and its companion disk pole piece. In simplified form, FIG. 8 illustrates the magneto mechanism controlling the switch contacts 23 and 24. It includes the oscillatory coil 19 and co-operating field pole pieces arranged for current flow from battery 18 through the coil so that whenever a magnetic field of proper polarity is extended across the coil windings, the coil will swing to close the contacts 23 and 24. The lower pole piece disc 34 has secured centrally of its upper face a transverse strap from whose opposite ends rise the two legs of an upstanding semicircular or inverted U-shape'd extension 35 which projects through peripheral notches in and has clearance relation to the upper pole piece 33. For convenience of assembly, the upper pole piece 33 is formed as two half segments joined together and fixedly secured in insulated relation with the bottom pole piece 34 and its upward extension 35. Within the space surrounded by the semicircular pole extension 35 and the upper pole piece 33 so as to be infiuenced by a magnetic field across the pole pieces and wound on a pivotally mounted cylindrical core for oscillation, is the coil 19 in the form of a rectangular winding of fine Wire whose opposite ends, as shown in FIG. 2, are in circuit connection with the battery 18. Supported by and movable with the oscillatory coil 19 is the switch contact element 24 for co-operation with the fixedly positioned switch contact 23 and these normally open switch contacts are parts of the control circuit (see FIG. 2) containing the battery 27.
When the master switch 17 is thrown for passage of current from the battery 13 through the oscillatory coil 19, the switch contacts 23 and 24 remain open except when the coil 19 is within a magnetic field of proper polarity for influencing the coil 19 to swing, in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in FIG. 8, and shift the switch contact 24 into closing relation with the fixed contact 23. This operation is in accord with the principle of the dArsonval galvanometer. The upper magneto mechanism, including the coil 20 for circuit connection with the battery 18 and the contacts 25 and 26 in the control circuit of the battery 27, is identical in arrangement and operation of parts to the lower magneto mechanism just described and in conjoint use the switches 23-24 and 25- 26 are in series connection in the control circuit of the battery 27.
In tool passage through the tubing string,a magnetic field of proper polarity to swing either coil into contact closing relation will be impressed on the coil when its associated upper pole piece 33 comes into substantial alignment with the inner face or north pole of any permanent magnet and at which time the lower pole piece 34 is in the flux path toward the magnet south pole. Because of the series connection of the two switches 2324 and 25-26, the magnetic field response of either magneto mechanism by itself fails to complete the control circuit of the battery 27. Completion of the control circuit and closure of the relay switch 28 in the firing circuit containing tne battery for the s acing between the u er oole ieces of the two sets to be coded or matched with the spacing between the permanent magnets.
Dependency on the simultaneous alignment of upper pole pieces 33 or" both spaced apart sets with the spaced apart magnets in the tubing string enables selective actuation of the control circuit at a given depth since the two magnets in each of the several sets are spaced apart differently than those of other sets and only one set of magnets of the group will match the setting of the two pole pieces 33 for the tool carried magnetically responsive coils. FIG. 3 shows a lowering tool passing one set of magnets and having its pole pieces spaced differently from the magnets whereby their traverse of and response to the respective magnetic fields occurs at different times and the series connection of the switches in the control circuit keeps the control circuit open and precludes operation of the firing circuit switch. With a tubing string having a series of magnet containing or signaling stations, the magnetic switches can be coded to a particular one set of magnets by a presetting of the spacing between two upper sensing or detector pole pieces for determining the release of the work performing energy, whether at the first or other of the magnet sets in the tubing assembly.
For selectively setting the relative spacing of the ma netic switches to coded relation with any set of magnets, there is here provided a novel control or position selector means for adjustably varying the axial spacing between the two field infiuenced switch units. As shown, the lowermost unit is fixedly positioned by a screw stud 36 in FIG. 13, extending through a fixed insulator plate and into threaded engagement with the lower pole piece 34. The upper magnetic switch is suspended by a U-shaped coupling 37 on the lower end of a rod 33 slidably mounted at its upper end in a reduced diameter opening through the housing. This upper end of the stem 33 has a series of axially spaced apart annular grooves 39, any one of which can be brought into alignment with and receive a projecting end of a set screw 49 threaded in the lateral bore in the wall of the housing 13. The grooves 39 are uniformly spaced apart and the spacing is equal to the diiference in lengths between successively longer magnet spacing tubular members 4 of a set and which are installed in any desired order beveen the magnets of the different groups. Thus it will be noted in FIG. 3 that the spacer 5 of the topmost group is of shorter length than the spacer 4 in the lowermost group of magnets illustrated. The spacing distance between the several grooves 39 is followed in placing a number of magnetic inserts 41 through the wall of the housing 13 for alignment in all settings and contact with the pole pieces 33 and 34 for minimizing resistance in the magnetic flux path. Several vertical rows of such magnetic inserts preferably are provided in circularly spaced apart relation.
To minimize fluid pressure differentials between the inside and the outside of the housing 13 as might otherwise occur at different levels and temperature conditions, the housing chamber enclosing the magnetic switches is preferably filled with a liquid, such as silicon oil, to a level determined by a floating piston 42 at the upper end of the housing chamber, and a coil spring 43 exerts a light force downwardly on the piston. A lateral port 44 through the wall of the housing communicates the chamber above the piston 42 with the outside of the casing for an equalization of pressure. submersion in oil of the delicate parts protects them from inertia forces and improves electrical characteristics.
Inasmuch as the action of the earth as a magnet will induce magnetism in a piece of magnetic material projected vertically through the ground and whose upper and lower ends are then of opposite polarity, it may be feasible in some installations and in place of permanent magnets, to employ terrestial magnetism for the controlled actuation of the magneto mechanism. This would involve a tubing string including magnetic and nonmagnetic tubing sections of predetermined lengths coupled end to end and selectively in given order, whereby a signaling station is constituted at a short nonmagnetic tube section which couples adjacent ends of two magnetic sections. The separated but mechanically coupled ends are then magnetic poles of opposite polarity and present a magnetic field from one to the other. Two such adjoining couplings will afford a pair of spaced apart mag netic fields and several sets of different vertical spacing can be incorporated in the tubing string, as in the case of the permanent magnet installation.
As an alternative for signaling performance of work and completion of an electric current flow control circuit through selective switch actuation in response to traverse of magnetic fields as heretofore described, the arrangement illustrated in FIG. 4B and its compan on views provides a mechanical system for triggering release of energy when the running tool reaches a predetermined depth location during passage through the tubing string. The illustrated mechanical switch actuating linkage is for use with tubing string installations which incorporate internally grooved nipples as commonly employed in sets of several spaced apart nipples differently grooved and located at varying depths in a given well for QO-OPBIEtlOIl with various types of conventional well w rking tools arranged for selective reception in the nipples. One of such nipples 51 is shown in HS. 43 as m insert or tubing string section between adjoining lengths of the tubing string 52 and the nipple interior diameter conforms generally to that of the other tubing string sections except for a pair of axially spaced apart internal grooves 53 and 5 5 separated by a given length of land 55. The axial length of the land 55 and/ or of each groove 53 and 54 will diifer in each of several nipples in a string and will provide diseriminatorily dissimilar station markers or signaling devices at spaced apart depths. In making up the string, the nipples are assembled with tubing sections in selected order and for axially spaced apart locations at predetermined final depths in the well hole. Differing nipples in a set enable coding thereto of av working tool to be run into the tubing string at any later time and including marker detector means for co-operation with a particular nipple.
For selective co-operation with a double grooved nipple 51, a running tool as here proposed includes a wire line suspended body carrying a number of axially spaced apart and radially movable feelers or tube surface followers arranged to ride or track down the interior surface of the tubing string during tool descent and individually to move radially inwardly and outwardly as controlled by contact with surface irregularities or gaps in tube internal surface continuity. Relative radial disposition of the feelers is utilized when all are in given .correlated settings as governed by alignment with groove and land formations or station markers of a selected nipple, for effecting signaled responses to said reference markers and simultaneously closing a number of switches serially connected in an electric control circuit in completing the circuit and thereby eifecting a desired operation.
As shown in the drawing, the running tool assembly .56 comprises a hollow body or housing enclosing and mounting the several operating parts and conveniently made up of an assembly of tubular members joined in end to end succession. Primarily, the housing comprises a pair of upper and lower tubes 57 and 58. The lower tube 58 has opposite ends internally screw threaded for reception of end coupling plugs or spacer sleeves 59 and 60 and the tube wall intermediate its ends has a set of three windows or axially elongated slots 6]; equally circumferentially spaced apart, as seen in FIG. 6. The upper housing tube 57 also is internally threaded at opposite ends and receives coupling plugs 62 and 63 (see FIG. 4A), of which the plug 62 terminates in a fishing neck 64, as well as a threaded stud similar to that shown at the top of FIG. 1A, by which a suspension wire line is to be connected. Another hollow tube or tie rod 65 of smaller diameter than the lower tube 58 is nested concentrically within the lower tube and extends throughout the length thereof and through and slightly beyond the spacing and coupling plug 60 at the rod lower end and through and slightly beyond the spacing and coupling plugs 59 and 63 at the upper tie rod end so as to be centralized within the tool :body 56. Clamping nuts 66, threaded on opposite ends of the central tube 65, bear on end faces of the coupling plugs 69 and 63 and hold the upper and lower tubes 57 and 58 in assembly.
A set of three axially spaced apart feeler and switch subassembly units are sleeved and mounted on the central tube or rod 65 and each includes one or more wall feeler members to extend through windows 61 in the outer tube 58. Three such feelers for each switch unit are contemplated for centering the running tool during its travel in .a tubing string. These subassemblies are generally similar but not necessarily interchangeable.
The uppermost unit includes a pair of axially spaced apart and relatively movable tube embracing bands or collars 67 and 68 interconnected by end to end pairs of swinging or folding shackle links 69 having their remote ends hinged to the upper and lower collars 67 and 68 and their adjoining ends pivoted on a trunnion pin or axle shaft for a rotatably mounted and tubing string engageable tracking wheel or follower roller 70. The collar 67 threadably contains one or more set screws 71 by which the collar is adjustably fixedly fastened to the mounting tube 65 in a selected axial set position. Its companion collar or band 68 is free to slide or move axially toward and from the fixed collar 67 as determined by lateral movement and position of the tubing string follower wheel 70 as transmitted through the extensible shackle links 69. A microswitch 72 is bracketed or fixedly carried on the stationary collar 67 and contains a pair of contacts to be opened and, closed by a bridging blade a slidable nose projection for bearing abutment and movement with a post 73 on the slide collar 6%.
As previously indicated, the remaining two feeler and switch units are similar to that just described. The lowermost unit has a slide collar 74 and an adjustably fixed collar 75 carrying a microswitch 76 which operating nose is engaged by an abutment on the slide collar and the collars are interconnected by foldable motion transmitting linkage responsive to follower 77 carried thereby. The intermediate unit has the follower wheel 78 and motion transmitting linkage for controlling travel of a slide collar 79 relative to a fixed collar 3t? for opening and closing the microswitch 81 mounted on the fixed collar.
A coil compression spring 82 surrounds the mounting rod 65 between the slide collars 68 and 79 of the upper and intermediate units and yieldably biases each collar toward its fixed mounting collar, or more particularly urges the interconnecting links and the feeler members carried thereby radially outwardly from an inwardly contracted relationship. A spring coil 83 is interposed between the fixed collar 80 of the intermediate unit and the slide collar 74 of the lowermost unit for outwardly biasing the feeler members of the lowermost unit. These coil springs 82 and 83 accommodate a range of relative axially spaced settings of the adjustably fixed collars 67, 75
and 89 but springs of different lengthrmay be substituted 7 'to fit various spaced relations of the spaced apart units.
In the arrangement illustrated, the contacts of the intermediate microswitch 31 may be considered as normally closed and the contacts of the two endmost switches 72 and 76 may be considered as normally open; the normal relationship being that obtaining when the several feeler members are in their radially contracted or laterally in ward positions. Thus, prior to the introduction of the running tool into a tubing string and with all feelers free of radially restraint, all of them will be extended outwardly under the elastic force of the coil springs 82 and S3; wherefore the switches 72 and 76 are closed and the intermediate switch 81 is opened. Upon insertion of the running tool into the tubing string at the start of the lowering-in operation and when all feelers are contracted V by engagement with tubing string internal surfaces of uniform internal diameter, the inward contraction of the feelers opens the endmost switches 72 and 76 and closes the intermediate switch 81.
As the tool is run into the tubing, the several feelers 70, 7-7 and 78 track on the tube interior and each will tend to move out as it comes into alignment with any outward depression or clearance such as may be presented at certain tubing joints and at nipple grooves or the like. Annular enlarged space at any region and which in axial dimension is less than the space between the endmost sets of feelers, on being traversed by the tool will enable each set of three teelers to drop out or extend into the radially enlarged space as each set in succession traverses or comes into alignment with the space but no more than any two of the microswitc-hes will be closed at any instant during complete traverse of the space by the tool. Should any such annular clearance space or outward tube depression be of greater axial length than the distance between the endmost sets of feelers, then again at least one microswitch will be open throughout the traverse of the depression by the three switches. In other words, if all three sets of feelers are expanded coincidentally, the centermost switch 81 will be open and if the switch 81 is closed while either of the endmost switches 73 and 76 has its feeler contracted, its associated microswitch will be open. However, if the spacing between the three sets of feelers is coded beforehand for alignment to a particular double groove spacingarrangement of a given nipple 51, as illustrated in FIG. 413, then as tool descent brings the =followers into the relationship in which the centerrnost center feelers 78 engage the land 55 and are contracted and the endmost feelers 7t? and 77 are extended into the grooves 53 and 54, then all three micros-witches 72, 76 and 81 will be closed. Therefore, regardless of tubing internal surface shape and irregular formations or diametrical variations, one or more of the switches will be opened except when all three are positioned by their follower co-operation to a given nipple as in FIG. 4B.
Series connection of the several switches in a control circuit :ior electric current fiow only when all three switches are concurrently closed is contemplated for the performance of work at a predetermined location, such as previously described for setting a hanger latch mechanism or for various other jobs, inclusive of a tube perforating operation. Circuit wiring of long distance extended clear back to the surface is eliminated'by mounting a small battery or dry cell 84 within the upper housing tube 57, as seen in FIG. 4A. One terminal of the battery may be grounded to the tool wall through a master switch 85 containing contacts which are closed when a plunger 86 slidably mounted in theplug 62 is depressed by an inward adjustment of a stud S7 threaded through the plug wall and formed with an inner conical tip in camming engagement with the upper terminal of the plunger 36. This main switch 85, by manipulation of the screw stud 87, is adjusted to open position at all times except in the interval between the start of a lowering operation and the final removal of the running tool from a well. The other battery terminal is joined by a arcane? conductor wire 88 extended downwardly through the tube 65 and passed through the wall of the tube for connection with one contact of the uppermost switch 73. A short length conductor wire 89 joins the other contact of the uppermost switch with one terminal of the centermost switch 81, whose other terminal is joined by a conductor wire 90 with a contact of the lowermost switch 76. The remaining contact of the lowermost switch 76 is joined by a conductor wire 91 extended dot wardly for connection with a conventional electric plug connector at the bottom of the tube 65. Through the plug connector, the control circuit may be continued to a suitable wc-rk performing tool suspended from the well tool 56 and to be energized whenever the battery circuit is completed.
Devices which are coded, as in either embodiment previously described, for response to a selected tubing string insert are especially adapted for performance of perforating jobs through small diameter tubing. For such usage, a conventional perforator 92 of either the bullet gun type or shaped charge explosive type may be hung below the running tool, as in FIG. 4C, from an adapter 93 threadedly coupled to the lower end of the tube or tie rod 65 and from which extends a shielded or armored conductor cable 94. One end of the conductor cable has a detachable plug connection with the connector terminal 'of the conductor wire 91 for current flow to the perforator 92 and from which the circuit is completed through the cable metallic shield to the grounded housing of the running tool 56. Suspension cable length is preselected to present the perforator at a distance below the running tool and microswitch assemblies to correspond with the distance between the region to be perforated and the tubing string nipple to which the series connected switches are coded for their concurrent closing of the control circuit. Thus, upon lowering of the perforator to a position opposite a preselected region of the tubing and the surrounding formation to be pierced, there will be completed automatically the control circuit through which current will be supplied for effecting the perforating operation. This control circuit, as previously described, is diagramed in FIG. 7 with the master switch S in its safety oil-position, with the intermediate switch 31 in its normally closed position and with the endmost switches 72 and 76 in their normally open positions.
in conventional oil and gas well completion practices, a string of casing is inserted and cemented throughout a substantial portion of the bore hole length during and immediately following the drilling operation and one or more narrow diameter tubing strings are run inside the casing and properly packed or cemented for Zone isolation and production. Thereafter, it is customary to make a combination radioactivity and collar log to correlate pipe joints with the traversed formations and then run a perforator through the tubing to a selected production zone and actuate the per-forator to pierce through the casing and the formation and provide flow channels through which well fiuids can pass for production upwardly within the tubing string. If perforating can be performed after the narrow tubing and its associated production equipment at the surface have been set, then a relatively light fluid can be employed instead of the ordinary heavy drilling mud normally used to minimize blowouts but which also presents difficulties, and particularly that of mud filter cake deposits which seal off the perforations. t is desirable, also, to be able to do workover jobs with equipment lowered through the narrow tubing under pressure for such things as supplemental perforating without th need for recirculating heavy mud with likelihood of contaminating the formation. The equipment here described can be lowered through narrow tubing by means of a slick, small and solid wire line, and accurately perform perforating jobs under well pressure. High accuracy of measurement is obtainable by a coded switch actuation of a triggering nipple adjacent the zone to be perforated. More successful performance of perforating operations is to be had than when measurements are referenced from the well head and are subject to influences of cable stretch, frictional engagement with the wall surface and flotation conditions. Tubing string nipples to which a running tool triggering mechanism may be adjusted or coded for actuation provide a reference marker closely adjacent the zone to be worked. Marker location will be relatively permanent and determinable from installation records or detectable by simple collar locator tools which also can record a radioactive log for reliable depth location. The zone of interest can be perforated by automatic response to running tool position without dependence on observation of surface indications of tool travel or wire line suspension cable measurement.
What is claimed is:
1. Well working equipment to be passed through a well tubing string having a number of station markers providing spaced apart of variously spaced apart magnetic fields extending into the interior space of the tubing string, said equipment including a tool to be passed through said tubing string space, energy releasing means constituting a part of said tool and having an activating device therefor responsive to the supply of electric current to the evice, a current supplying circuit containing said device, switches in series relation in said circuit, switch closing means including magnetically responsive elements connected each to a different switch and means mounting said elements for relative adjustment in the tool to spaced apart relations which correspond to the spaced relations of said variously spaced apart magnetic fields.
2. In combination, a tubing string, spaced apart pairs of permanent magnets carried by the tubing string with the magnets of each pair spaced one from another a distance different from the space distances between the magnets of other pairs, a tool to be passed through the tubing string and having an electrically actuated device therein, a pair of spaced apart switch closing elements responsive to the influence thereon of said magnets upon traverse thereof, means adjustably mounting said elements on the tool for relative adjustment of the spacing therebetween to matched correspondence with the space distance between the magnets of any of said pairs, normally open switches connected to the elements respectively for switch closure upon magnetic response of the elements and a switch controlled circuit supplying current to said device and containing said switches in series connection therein.
'3. Well working equipment including current actuated means, a control circuit therefor, a pair of magnetically actuated switches in series relation in said circuit and each comprising a pair of co-operating contacts, a movable coil mounting one of the contacts for movement therewith into engagement with the other contact and a pair of coil influencing pole pieces having spaced apart relation for exposure in a magnetic field, a switch containing housing to belowered in a well, means fixedly locating said switches in the housing with the pole pieces of one switch in given spaced relation with the pole pieces of the other switch. 7
4. Well working equipment as set forth in claim 3, wherein the switch locating means includes a hired connection between one of the switches and the housing and an adjustable connection between the housing and the other switch for selectively fastening the same to the housing in any of several positions by which said given spaced relation of the pole pieces is established.
5. Well working equipment as set forth in claim 3, wherein the switch locating means maintains the switches in vertically spaced apart relation and includes a fixed connection joining the lowermost switch to the housing, a post having one end vertically slidable in the housing, a set screw connection between the housing and post and operative to hold the slidabie post in a selected position of vertical adjustment and a fixed connection joining the uppermost switch on the lower end of the post for movement with the post and the selective positioning of the uppermost switch relative to the housing.
6. Means for performing work at a preselected depth in a well, including a well tubing string, a series of sets of permanent magnets mounted in the wall of the tubing string in vertically spaced apart relation and with the permanent magnets of each set vertically spaced from one another at a distance which is different in each set, a well tool having a housing to he passed through the tubing string, electrically triggered energy releasing means carried by the tool, a control circuit therefor, spaced magnetically actuated switches, each adapted to be closed under the influence of a magnetic field, series connected in said control circuit, vertically spaced apart pole pieces for the respective magnetic switches, means positioning said pole pieces in the housing for individually traversing the fields of the permanent magnets successively during passage of the housing through the tubing string, and adjustable means operable to set the pole pieces in various vertically spaced apart positions a distance apart to correspond selectively with the vertical spacing of a given set of said permanent magnets for the unisonal magnetic influencing of the series connected switches when their pole pieces simultaneously traverse the permanent magnet fields of said given set of permanent magnets.
7. Means for performing work in a well hole, including a well conduit, a housing to be lowered in the conduit, an electrically actuated explosive charge in the housing, a control circuit for firing said charge, a pair of spaced magnetically actuated switches, each adapted to be closed under influence of a magnetic field, connected in series relation in said control circuit and provided with pole pieces positioned by the housing in vertically spaced apart relation and means in the wall of said well conduit to present magnetic fields in the path of the housing and in vertically spaced apart relation corresponding to the vertically spaced relation of said pole pieces.
8. The structure of claim 7, wherein the wall of the conduit has a number of pairs of permanent magnets differently spaced apart and said switch pole pieces are mounted in the housing for relative adjustment and can be preset to a vertically spaced apart relation in correspondence with the spacing of a selected pair of magnets.
9. Means for performing work at a selected well depth, including a tubing string having means therein at each of a number of depths to present a pair of vertically spaced apart magnetic fields whose spacing dififers from that of the fields of other pairs, a housing to be passed through the tubing string, means in the housing inclusive of a source of energy, a control circuit, a pair of switches connected in series in the circuit, separate magnetic field detector units connected one to each switch and operating to close such switch in response to magnetic field influence on the detector unit and means adjustably mounting said detector units in the housing and adjustable for setting the detector spacing to match the spacing selectively of any pair of said magnetic fields.
10. Means for performing work at any of several selected well depths, including a series of reference markers located at various depths in a well hole and each being comparatively dissimilar from the others, a housing for passage through the well hole, electrically actuated workperforming means carried by the housing in an initially inactive condition and means to activate said work a well hole including a number of sets of spaced apart magnets positioned in the Well, magnet positioning means maintaining the magnets of the several sets spaced apart differently in each set relative to the other sets and a tool to be passed through the well, said tool comprising a housing, work performing means carried by the housing and responsive to current flow in a control circuit therefor, a set of magnetic switches, each adapted to be closed and r the influence of a magnetic field, connected in series relation in the control circuit, a pair of pole pieces for each switch and means adjustably mounting the pole pieces in said housing to set the spacing therebetween to substantially correspond selectively with the spacing of the magnets in any of said sets.
12. Apparatus for the performance of work at any of several selected depths in a well including tubing string means located in a well, tool means to be passed through the well, a series of spaced apart pole portions carried by the tubing string means and arranged in sets of pole portions spaced apart diiferently in the several sets, a set of pole portions carried by the tool means and arranged for adjustment of the pole portions to spaced apart relations in substantial correspondence selectively with the spacing of the pole portions in any of the several sets carried by the tubing string means, means providing magnetic lines of force at and constituting functionally integral parts of the spaced apart pole portion carried by one of the means and magneto mechanism in magnetic circuit connection with the pole portions carried by the other means and responsive to said lines of force upon extension thereof through the pole portions carried by said other means upon their concurrent alignment with the pole portions in any of the sets carried by the tubing string means.
13. Well working equipment including a tubing string, a tool to be passed through the tubing string, a work performing electrically actuated device embodied in the tool for actuation at a selected depth within the tubing string, an electric control circuit for said device containing a number of series connected switches mounted by said tool and arranged for individual switch closing action, a series of switch closing and reference marker responsive detecting means, one for each said switch, carried by said tool in given spaced apart relation and a series of reference markers carried by said tubing string at a determinable well depth location and spaced apart in coded relation to the spacing of said last mentioned means for co-operation therewith in effecting simultaneous response of the series connected switches.
14. Well working equipment as in claim 13 said reference markers comprising a pair of internal groove s axially spaced apart a predetermined distance in a tubing string region at a known depth, and said reference marker responsive detecting means including radially movable feeler members, one for each switch, in motion transmitting connection therewith whereby switch open and closed positions are dependent on the radial disposition of the feeler member, means mounting said feeler members on the tool to ride on the interior of said tubing string during passage therethrough of the tool for controlling the radial disposition of the feeler members, said last mentioned means locating said feeler members in axially spaced relation corresponding to the predetermined spaced apart distance between said internal grooves for the coincident closing of said switches only when passage of t .e tool through the tubing string reaches said tubing string region at known depth.
15. The structure as in claim 14 wherein the means for mounting the feeler members has a range of adjustment enabling selective variation in axial spacing of the feeler members.
16. A well working tool as described in claim 13 for interchan eable use in difierent wells having tubing string nipples formed with axially spaced apart internal grooves to constitute said reference markers, said reference marker responsive detecting means comprising a set of tubing string engageabie feelers connected one with each switch for the actuation thereof and carried by the tool for movement radially thereof as controlled by tubing string engagement and adjustable mounting means for the feelers enabling variation in their axially spaced apart relation to correspond selectively with the spacing of nipple grooves.
17. A well working tool as described in claim 16, together with biasing means active on and urging the feelers to move radially outwardly from an inwardly contracted position and wherein the number of feeler connected switches includes two sets of switches with each switch of one set being open when its feeler is inwardly contracted and each switch of the other set being open when its feeler is radially outwardly from its contracted position.
18. A well working tool as described in claim 16 wherein said electrically actuated device is a perforating gun and is suspended a predetermined distance from the tool by means inclusive of a current conductor in said circuit.
19. In combination, a well tubing string having a plurality of spaced apart stations, each conta ning a set of reference markers whose disposition relative to one another is dissimilar to that of other sets, a work performing device for passage through the tubing string and actuation at a given location therein, a set of reference marker detectors responsive individually to each marker or" all stations traversed thereby, means mounting said detectors for their relative adjustment with the device and enabling positioning of the detectors in selected relations corresponding with the relative dispositions of the markers in the several sets and means responsive to marker detection by all the detectors in unison and connected with and active on said work performing device to etfect its actuation.
20. A unit to be actuated at a selected locationupon movement through a passage having a number of stations comprising spaced apart sets of several marker elements and having the elements of each set disposed in contrasting relation to those of other sets, said unit comprising a work performing device, a control circuit therefor, a set of switches connected in series in said circuit, separate operating means for each switch including a station marker detector active to operate the switch in response to each station marker traversed by the unit and means positioning the detectors relative one to another in preset conformity with the relative disposition of the marker elements of any set selectively for concurrent responses of the etector solely to the markers of a selected set.
21. 'In combination; a tubing string, a plurality of permanent magnets carried by the tubing string for the protuberance of separate magnetic fields inwardly thereof and arranged in spaced apart sets and in different spaced apart relation in each set, a work performing tool for suspended travel through the tubing string, tool carried means to release working force and control mechanism therefor including an electric circuit having series connected switches therein, separate actuating means for each switch responsive to magnetic field influence thereon and means for presetting the switch actuating means in spaced apart relation corresponding to spacing between the magnets of any one set and for simultaneous response to the fields thereof to efiect concurrent actuation of said series connected witches.
22. For signaling operation of a well tool being run through a well tubing string, a well tubing string section having an annular internal pocket, a succession of separate rings stacked within said pocket, magnets caried by certain of said rings and adapted to be selectively spaced apart by the disposition between magnet carrying rings of other rings of predetermined axial lengths.
23. For signaling operation of a well tool being run within a well tubing string, a tubing string section, mounting means on said section for locating a stack of spacer elements and magnetic field providing elements, a stack of such elements positionable by the mounting means with the elements in preselected succession, said elements being interchangeable for enabling variation in successive disposition of the spacer elements and the magnetic field providing elements.
24. For use with a well tubing string having a subsurface signal providing marker and an internal latch keeper notch adjacent said marker, wire line equipment including a lowering tool adapted for lowering to said marker and a well tool adapted to be releasably coupled to the lowering tool and to be positioned thereby in the tubing string, said well tool comprising a tubular body, a laterally projectable latch shiftably mounted by the body for projection into and out of said keeper notch, a latch expander plunger axially slidably contained in the body and provided with latch engageable bearings controlling lateral disposition of the latch and said lowering tool comprising an initially inactive force storing means arranged to release its stored force for transmission to said plunger for sliding the same to latch projecting relation, a marker signal responsive means rendering effective the action or" said force storing means when the responsive mearis is brought to the marker by a lowering operation and a releasable coupling initiall joining said tools and being releasable in response to latched Well tool resistance to movement with the lowering tool.
25. For use with a well tubing string having a series of stations at spaced apart depths and each providing a signal difierent in kind from others for co-operation selectively with and to signal actuation of a tool assembly upon its passage through the tubing string, a tool assembly including a pair of separate tools capable of traversing said stations, means releasably attaching the tools for support of one from the other and their passage as an assembly through the tubing string, an initially retracted tubing string engageable anchor device carrie by one of the tools and radially expansible for anchoring to the tubing string, force transmitting means operable to expand said anchor device, signal actuated means carried by the other tool and arranged to be set in coded relation to and for actuation by any one selectively of the different signals, a releasable store of energy cooperating with the signal actuated means and responsive to signaled actuation thereof to supply force on the force transmitting means to expand said anchor device and said releasable attaching means being releasable upon movement of said other tool relative to the tool which has been anchored to the tubing string.
26. in combination, a well tubing string having a number of tool receiving nipples therein, permanent magnets mounted by the nipples to present inwardly protruded magnetic fields at spaced apart well depth locations, a work performing tool adapted to be passed through the tubing string for traversing any desired number of said fields, releasable energy storing means carried by the work performing tool, a field sensing assembly mounted in the tool and operatively connected with the energy storing means to release the energy thereof in response to magnetic field influence upon said sensing assembly and preset means in the tool operative to condition the field sensing assembly and restrict magnetic field response thereof to traverse by the tool of a magnetic field at a selected depth location. 27. In combination, a well tubing string having series of spaced apart latch assembly receiving sections each including an internal keeper groove for a latch dog and signal means whose signal is distinctively unlike the signals of other signal means in the tubing string, a running tool having a releasable work performing device responsive solely to the signal of a selected signal means, a latch assembly having a body releasably secured to the running tool, a laterally projectable latch dog carried by the body and adapted for projection outwardly of the body and into said keeper groove to latch the body against displacement both upwardly and downwardly, and a dog projecting plunger axially shiftably mounted in the body in co-operative relation with said work performing device for dog projecting actuation thereby upon signaled release of the work performing device, said tubing string sections, the running tool and said body all being devoid of locating abutments to interfere with travel through the tubing string of said latch assembly prior to latch dog projecting actuation by signaled response of the work performing device.
28. For use with a Well tubing string having a series of spaced apart hanger anchoring sections each comprising a latch dog receiving keeper and signaling means whose signal is distinctly unlike the signals of other signaling means in the tubing string and a running tool having a releasable work performing device responsive solely to the signal of a selected signal means for effecting anchoring of a hanger; the improvement which includes a hanger body whose outside surface is devoid of external locating protuberances such as would limit free travel of the hanger through and beyond said hanger anchoring sections of a tubing string, laterally propectable latch dogs carried by the body and adapted upon projection into a keeper to latch the hanger body against displacement both upwardly and downwardly and an axially shiftable plunger within the body provided with a latch dog engageable expander formation to project the latch dog into a keeper upon plunger actuation by the signaled release of the work performing device.
29. In combination, a Well tubing string having a series of spaced apart marker stations, each comprising a marker distinctly unlike the markers of other stations, a running tool for travel through the tubing string, a work performing device having actuator means responsive to electric current supplied thereto and constituting a part of said running tool and electric rneans wholly contained Within and as a unitary assembly with the running tool and comprised of a source of current and ohcuit means including switch means adapted to be closed and direct current from said source to said actuating means, marker responsive means controlling closure of said switch means and other means operable to preset the marker responsive means in responsive matching relation to the marker of a selected one of said series of stations and for response solely to the selected marker.
30. For use in a well hole having a wall which contains a series of signaling stations each providing a set of inwardly protruding fields of force vertically spaced apart and in given distance relation different from the field spacing of other stations, an improved self contained tool to be run into the hole and comprising a housing, an electrically controlled work performing means carried by the housing, an electric current supply circuit therefor containing normally open switch means, vertical- 16 ly spaced apart field responsive devices carried by the tool and operative on the switch means to close the same upon concurrent responses of said devices to fields of force and a presetting means for selectively controlling the relative vertically spaced apart relation of the devices to match the field spacing at any signal station.
31. Means for performing work at any of several selected -well depths, including a series of stations, means locating said stations at various depths in a well hole, means at each station comprising a discriminate marker comparatively dissimilar from the marker at the other stations, a housing for passage through the well hole, work performing means carried by the housing in an initially inactive condition and means to activate said Work performing means including energy storage means, marker responsive mechanism having adjustable settings within the housing and controlling delivery of actuating energy from the storage means to the work performing means, and preselector means operative on sm'd mechanism and setting the same to discriminating relation with any one marker of the several stations whereby said mechanism is responsive only to the preselected marker.
32. Well working equipment to be passaged through a well tubing having spaced apart sets of variously spaced apart magnets providing magnetic fields extending into the interior space of the tubing string, said equipment including a tool to be passaged through said tubing space, work penforming means constituting a part of said tool and having an energy responsive device :to activate the same, an energy supplying circuit containing said device, circuit completing means in series relation in said circuit and including a set of magnetically responsive control devices therefor, and means mounting said control devices for relative adjustment in the tool to selected spaced apart relations coinciding with the variously spaced apart magnetic fields of said spaced apart sets.
References (Iited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,147,544 Potts Feb. 14, 1939 2,228,623 Ennis Jan. 14, 1941 2,246,542 June 24, 1941 2,350,832 Segesrnan June 6, 1944 2,476,136 Doll July 12, 1949 2,476,137 Doll July 12, 1949 2,544,979 Brokaw et al. Mar. 13, 1951 2,550,004 Doll Apr. 24, 1951 2,729,494 Trobridge Jan. 3, 1956 2,741,316 Long Apr. 10, 1956 2,768,684 Castel et al. Oct. 30, 1956 2,798,559 Fredd July 9, 1957 2,862,564 Bostock Dec. 2, 1958 2,976,931 Dafiin Mar. 28, 1961 3,619,841 Ternow Feb. 6, 1962 3,027,944 Feeser Apr. 3, 1962 3,032,107 Rumble et al May 1, 1962
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Sep 29, 1938
|Feb 14, 1939
|Sharp Defiecting Tool Company
|Orienting sub
|Jun 25, 1940
|Jan 14, 1941
|Robert V Funk
|Method and means for locating perforating means at producing zones
|Nov 1, 1938
|Jun 24, 1941
|J J Kane
|Means and method of locating levels in wells
|Feb 21, 1941
|Jun 6, 1944
|Schlumberger Well Surv Corp
|Electrical depth marker
|Apr 19, 1940
|Jul 12, 1949
|Schlumberger Well Surv Corp
|Method and apparatus for locating predetermined levels in boreholes
|May 16, 1942
|Jul 12, 1949
|Schlumberger Well Surv Corp
|Method of positioning apparatus in boreholes
|Oct 20, 1947
|Mar 13, 1951
|Eastman Oil Well Survey Co
|Apparatus for orienting tools in well bores
|Dec 22, 1943
|Apr 24, 1951
|Schlumberger Well Surv Corp
|Method of establishing markers in boreholes
|Sep 14, 1951
|Jan 3, 1956
|Kingston Instr Company Ltd
|Magnetic retrieving tool
|Jan 23, 1952
|Apr 10, 1956
|Johnston Testers Inc
|Locating device for perforating guns
|Feb 20, 1952
|Oct 30, 1956
|Perforating Guns Atlas Corp
|Well perforating and logging methods and apparatus
|Apr 6, 1953
|Jul 9, 1957
|Otis Eng Co
|Hangers for well tubing extensions and the like
|Feb 21, 1955
|Dec 2, 1958
|Otis Eng Co
|Anchoring devices for well tools
|Feb 20, 1956
|Mar 28, 1961
|Camco Inc
|Well connector device
|Aug 15, 1957
|Feb 6, 1962
|Dresser Ind
|Casing collar locator
|Nov 14, 1960
|Apr 3, 1962
|Camco Inc
|Magnetically set packer
|Nov 28, 1958
|May 1, 1962
|Jersey Prod Res Co
|Completion of wells
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Feb 17, 1964
|Mar 2, 1965
|Camco Inc
|Well tubing signal marker for magnetically actuated tool
|Sep 28, 1962
|Apr 6, 1965
|Camco Inc
|Perforator initiating device
|May 8, 1962
|Aug 3, 1965
|Baker Oil Tools Inc
|Method and apparatus for completing wells
|Mar 13, 1969
|Mar 16, 1971
|Hamilton Howell M
|Subsurface control apparatus for use in oil and gas wells
|Feb 1, 1985
|Jan 28, 1986
|Camco, Incorporated
|Solenoid actuated well safety valve
|Dec 6, 1985
|Apr 14, 1987
|Exxon Production Research Co.
|Select fire well perforator system and method of operation
|Aug 23, 1991
|Jul 20, 1993
|Marcel Obrejanu
|Wireline hydraulic retrieving tool
|Apr 28, 1993
|Mar 21, 1995
|Obrejanu; Marcel
|Wireline hydraulic retrieving tool and downhole power generating assembly
|Feb 5, 1997
|Jun 1, 1999
|Preeminent Energy Services, Inc.
|Downhole triggering device
|Mar 27, 1980
|Oct 9, 1980
|Chromalloy American Corp
|Vorrichtung zur markierung einer stelle auf einer bohrlochschalung
|May 15, 2003
|Mar 9, 2005
|Owen Oil Tools LP
|Downhole tool deployment safety system and methods
|U.S. Classification
|166/66.4, 166/55.1, 166/66.5, 166/63, 166/52, 166/123, 324/221
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


text:
3 Days in Havana
"Havana is a heady mix of sun, sea, history, and vibrant Caribbean culture. The city is an eclectic combination of old and new, calm and hust…"
Featuring:Habana Bus Tour, Monument to Jose Marti, Heladeria Coppelia, &
19 moreplaces
Your coupon (that we'll email you) gets you 20% off when you spend at least $350 AUD on tours, activities and more that you can book on TripAdvisor or Viator. The more you spend, the more you save!
To learn more about this Book on TripAdvisor Bonus, Viator, and the full list of official rules, click here.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Item #63432
Product Description
The right lighting in your bathroom is important and our Mezzanine 4-Light Vanity will brighten your space in more ways than one. It features a sleek, modern design and an oval dimension that gives it a shallow profile from the wall. Hang yours with the shades either up or down for a custom look.
Product Details
Mezzanine 2-Light Vanity Light
Mezzanine 4-Light Vanity Light
Mezzanine Wall Sconce
Mezzanine 3-Light Vanity Light
Ellison 18"W Vanity
$129.00 - $224.00
Briscoe Mirror
Was: $199.00
Sale: $159.00
Wynwood One-Light Wall Sconce
$49.00 - $134.00
Savoy Beveled Mirror
Was: $149.00
Sale: $119.00


text:
Emilio Zuniga's Profile
Future Art Historian and Fashion Designer......was very much involved in counter culture punk (much different than subculture) but am now immersed in art and fashion. I am a big fan of Post Impressionism, Fauve, Art Deco, and anything Gustav Klimt. As far as fashion goes, I'm really into UK Mod, Teddy Boys, and Original Skinhead styles. Les Flaneurs is most certainly helping to pay my tuition so I am very appreciative of any purchases made. Thanks for reading.
- Male
- Born on March 2
- Joined February 26, 2012
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- Emilio Zuniga
- Santa Ana, CA, United States


text:
Imation (NYSE: IMN) is a global scalable storage and data security company. Our portfolio includes tiered storage and security offerings for business and products designed to manage audio and video information in the home. Imation reaches customers in more than 100 countries through a powerful global distribution network and well recognized brands.
Our Website: http://www.imation.com
Latest Content From Imation
by ImationMar 21, 2012
by ImationMar 21, 2012
by ImationApr 29, 2009


text:
We want to help you find a
warm Christmas Dinner Prayer
to bless your family.
- -
Note we added new prayers
for the 2015 season
which are found after our first two prayers.
- -
It is our hope that
one of the following prayers will bless you.
Also note that we have another page of
And note that we have: Office Christmas Party Prayer.
Dear Heavenly Father,
Love brought Jesus to the earth, and love brings us to this Christmas table.
Today as we share this holiday feast, may we also share with one another a joyful heart and a warm smile.
May our Christmas dinner be filled with kindness. And may the memories of today warm our hearts for years to come.
Copyright © 2012 Beth McLendon of Inspirational-Prayers.com
Dear Heavenly Father,
We bow our heads as we honor your presence at this table.
We will remember that Jesus is the reason for the season. We
will celebrate the arrival of the King of Kings and Lord of Lords in a little stable in Bethlehem.
We thank you for each family member who has come to share this meal. We thank you for the delicious food that has been provided.
Lord, help us find and enjoy all of the blessings that you have placed in this Christmas day.*
Copyright © 2012 Beth McLendon of Inspirational-Prayers.com
* If your meal is not on Christmas day - you may want to end with the word "season" instead of the word "day."
Dear Lord,
We give thanks to you for this
time of sharing
a Christmas meal with our family.
And we thank you for the blessings of the love of Jesus.
With joy we pray,
Copyright © 2015 Beth McLendon of Inspirational-Prayers.com
Dear Lord,
We give thanks to you for our
Christmas meal
and for this special time together.
Thank you for all the blessings
you have given us this year.
In Jesus' name we pray,
Copyright © 2015 Beth McLendon of Inspirational-Prayers.com
Dear God,
We give thanks for this time when we can all be together.
We give thanks for this food which is bountiful and delicious.
We give thanks for this joyful holiday when we can celebrate our Savior and his love for us.
With joy we pray,
Copyright © 2015 Beth McLendon of Inspirational-Prayers.com
Dear Lord of Love and Mercy,
We pray a thankful prayer today.
We are thankful for the Christmas gift of the birth of our Savior.
We are also thankful for the joy of being with our family and the blessings of sharing a festive meal.
Lord, we ask that you bless this food and bless our fellowship.
In Jesus' name we pray,
Copyright © 2015 Beth McLendon of Inspirational-Prayers.com
Joy to the World
the Lord has come!
We pray that the Christmas Prayer you pray
adds warmth to your holiday meal.
For a list of all our prayers, visit our
Prayers for All Occasions page.
We invite you to consider our Prayer for New Year and our warm prayers for drawing close to God: Prayers for Women Prayers for Men and Morning Prayers
Thank you for visiting our Christmas Dinner Prayer page.
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Psalm 46 Prayer
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who feel


text:
The U.S. Department of Labor's Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has cited two companies for workplace safety violations that led to the deaths of two window washers in Manhattan last December.
The workers fell 47 stories when their scaffolding platform detached from the window-washing rig attached to the building's roof.
The workers' employer, City Wide Window Cleaning, based in Richmond Hill, was cited. Also cited was Tractel Inc., of Long Island, which serviced the scaffold before the accident.
OSHA found that Tractel improperly installed the equipment used to secure the platform's hoist ropes. Neither City Wide nor Tractel inspected the scaffold before it went into service the day of the accident. In addition, OSHA found the workers lacked safety harnesses and lifelines.
OSHA fined City Wide $24,000, and Tractel $21,000.
Related Articles...
- How to Fire an Employee the Legal Way: 6 Termination Guidelines
- 10 Secrets to an Effective Performance Review
- Religious accommodations: Know when to say 'Yes' or 'No'
- Before firing, make sure employee hasn't made any recent safety complaints
- Texas AG lawyer blows whistle on hostile work environment
- Notify staff how you count FMLA year


text:
Brisbane's Homestead
No prices found through our partners. Please contact the business directly or check some of our recommended alternatives.
TripAdvisor Reviews Brisbane's Homestead
Travel Blogs from Brisbane
Brisbane again.....3rd time lucky!
... our beers and dinner!
We spent the night on camp with Gra icing his calf as we prepared for our big day tomorrow at the cricket!
Thursday 5 November...
We woke to a very hot van with bright sunshine peaking through the curtains......I headed out for a run which was significantly hampered by the heat then we got our picnic ready for the cricket!
We caught the bus into Brisbane then ...
19 October, 2015 (Fly Pupae vs. Leek Frittata)
... left to catch her bus and I
raised the bat food to the ceiling with Beck. Then, it was off to the
Indooroopilly Police Station to see if my money had found its way
there. The receptionist behind the bullet-proof glass was initially
standoffish, but once we talked a bit, she warmed up amazingly. My
cash had to be processed and converted into a personal cheque, so it
was not yet in there. All my information was confirmed and the
possessions officer would contact ...
6 September, 2015 (Mount Coot-tha)
... it was a female). She peed and jumped around and
peered at us with pricked ears. I know Aussies think possums are the
scourge of the Earth, but I think they are precious. It was great
seeing one in the wild who was not too shy.
Daniel and I parted ways and I got on
the bus. It was not for about 15 minutes that I really looked around
the 444 and saw Sandra sitting in the first row of the upper part of
the bus. I went over and sat with her for the rest of the ride.
29 August, 2015 (Biking the City)
... slip into the river. It
was a rich area, for sure, but not as clean as I would have thought
money would bring.
I went through the tiny Botanic Gardens
(not that impressive) and swung around the coast facing Kangaroo
Point. At New Farm Park, I paused at End of the Road Coffee. It was a
cute little house on the corner of the park, slightly overhanging the
river. You could see the park with their family picnics and the ferry
Modern Accommodation in Queensland – a sooth
... day visitor. Australis Cairns Beach Resort, a reputed Cairns resort, for instance has inviting features of modern accommodation.
Many resorts are located not quite far away from the Cairns Airport. These resorts also have cafes, restaurants and nightclubs. The most attractive part about these resorts is that most of them are located close to the beach. With the apartment already tidy and spacious, you will be in for ...
Other places to stay in Brisbane
Rydges South Bank Brisbane9 Glenelg Street, Brisbane | 4 star hotelfrom $152
- Best location in town, wonderful staff
- A little bland
- Quite a good hotel
Sofitel Brisbane Central249 Turbot Street, Brisbane | 4 star hotelfrom $192
- A bit disappointed
- Nice Hotel but MyBed not for all
- Proudly Supports Our Veterans
Oaks Festival Towers108 Albert Street, Brisbane | 4 star hotelfrom $127
Novotel Brisbane200 Creek Street, Brisbane | 3 star hotelfrom $153
- Would never stay at this hotel again
- Novotel - comfy, clean and efficient
- Very Good
Hilton BrisbaneHilton Hotel 190 Elizabeth St, Brisbane | 4 star hotelfrom $81
- Polite Staff
- Hilton Brisbane - a dump which smells like a stale nightclub
- Fantastic Business Hotel
Brisbane Marriott Hotel515 Queen Street, Brisbane | 4 star hotelfrom $198
- A typical Marriott Hotel
- A Great Place to Stay
- Good hotel
Stamford Plaza BrisbaneCnr Edward & Margaret Sts, Brisbane | 5 star hotelfrom $200
- Great Stay in Brisbane
- Excellent service & location
- Very nice Hotel
Mantra South Bank161 Grey St, Brisbane | 4 star hotelfrom $163
- Great stay at the Saville!
- Valet Parking
- Great Value, Well Appointed
Oaks on Felix26 Felix Street, Brisbane | 4 star hotelfrom $130
Traders Hotel, Brisbane159 Roma Street, Brisbane | 4 star hotelfrom $128
- Great rooftop deck
- What a fantastic surprise this hotel is!!!
- You're not going to get any closer to transport around Queensland than here!
Ibis Brisbane27-35 Turbot Street, Brisbane | 3 star hotelfrom $107
- Fantastic view
- Barely Okay
- Excellent value and location
M on Mary Apartment Hotel70 Mary St, Brisbane | 4 star hotelfrom $141
Pullman Brisbane King George SquareCnr Ann and Roma Sts, Brisbane | 4 star hotelfrom $140
Mercure Brisbane85 - 87 North Quay, Brisbane | 3 star hotel
- Nice but Small
- It's okay, but not great
- Good place to stay
The Sebel King George Square BrisbaneKing George Square, Cnr Ann & Roma Street , Brisbane | 4 star hotelfrom $156
Hotel Urban Brisbane345 Wickham Terrace, Brisbane | 3 star hotelfrom $113
- Piece of crap
- Different Expectations?
- Very basic
Grand Chancellor Brisbane23 Leichhardt St , Brisbane | 3 star hotelfrom $111
The Sebel BrisbaneCnr Albert and Charlotte St, Brisbane | 4 star hotelfrom $130
NEXT Hotel Brisbane72 Queen Street, Brisbane | 3 star hotelfrom $196
Mantra on Queen570 Queen Street, Brisbane | 3 star hotelfrom $124
Treasury Hotel & Casino130 William Street, Brisbane | 5 star hotelfrom $140
- Beautiful Old Hotel, Great location!
- Beautiful Building but Poor Customer Service
- A truly grand hotel
Royal On The ParkCorner Alice & Albert Streets, Brisbane | 4 star hotelfrom $129
Rendezvous Hotel Brisbane Anzac Square255 Ann Street, Brisbane | 3 star hotelfrom $124
Dockside Apartment Hotel44 Ferry Street, Brisbane | 4 star hotelfrom $133
Park Regis North Quay Hotel293 North Quay, Brisbane | 3 star hotelfrom $116
Travelodge Hotel Garden City Brisbane18 MacGregor Street (Cnr Logan Road) Upper Mount, Brisbane | 3 star hotelfrom $102


text:
Burnout: Mile Hyped
Less than 24 hours later, Choco KOTR, still in Denver.
I woke up every morning to this. His diligence is unparalleled.
And fuck Scott Kartagagnem.
Easing into it.
First one seated. Nice.
Pre-breakfast hits.
Wall drop thee-atts.
Raging rooftop, overly-death defying edition.
Harsh track.
So fucked.
Local customs.
Ah, the freedom!
Back at the park.
The lower lip was there but the miller flip would have to wait.
Ever see a grown man on one of these? The average person makes no distinction between us and them. Just something to think about.
Hot bean.
The locals know this thing.
Trust exercise number 93.
These are the best days of our lives.
Late night at a suburban skate court.
Manuals and coozies.
Big Wheat arrives casually late. Straight to biz. This chick shreds!!!
Down to help the boys, too.
This girl, not quite so hot on the board.
Her spirit was there, though.
In a lot of ways, that's even more important.
'Oh, I'm sorry. Am I interrupting something?'
The locals wrangled a not-so-natty dread.
We're countin' it.
If we've given these kids at least one story they can laugh about with their buddies for the next few weeks then our work here has not been in vain.
Meanwhile, in the more athletic area of the park.
It's preferably palms-up, right?
A lil' GTWYC goes a long way on KOTR.
Next thing you know: Street Raven!
Here's where the skills of a vet come into play, though this switch 50 was totally on accident.
There's the stuff. Eldy kills!
Mark it, dude!
Burnout: Roll for Rob 3Friends of New England skater Rob Pontes held a massive skate jam/ benefit in Providence, RI sunday to raise cash for his fight with ALS.
Burnout: Brotherly LoveThe Waffle Squad hits Philly for a little hang time and some demo gold.
Burnout: Cleveland ReunionFriends and family reunite to watch the Vans crew shred Cleveland a new Trumphole.
Burnout: UprisingThe Vans Pro Tour mashes into Chi-Town with Chima, Dan Lu, K Walks, Dill and the boys thrilling the crowds at Grant Park.
Burnout: Cinco de SlammoThe video is coming soon, but for now feast your eyes on photos from yesterday's skating-con-carnage!
Burnout: KOTR 2015 FAQWant to know more about the upcoming KOTR TV show? Burnout breaks it down.
Burnout: PROWANAfter an avalanche of top-shelf shredding, Rowan Zorilla of the Shep Dawgs gets the pro nod.
Burnout: Waffle 50Vans celebrates a half century of skate shoe excellence with the first stop of a worldwide tour – NYC. You guys party?
Burnout: Rusty's Day OutA photographic journey through AVE's surprise party. What? You already saw the video? Fuck it!
Burnout: Hot ShoesA trip to the big Vans Syndicate party sets off an avalanche of old friends and hot skate action.


text:
Grand Hotel Paradiso, Catanzaro (province)
- Free WiFi and free parking
Main amenities
- 76 guestrooms
- Restaurant and bar/lounge
- Full-service spa
- Outdoor pool
- Breakfast available
- Fitness center
- 3 meeting rooms
- 24-hour front desk
- Coffee/tea in a common area
- Air conditioning
- Daily housekeeping
- Garden
What's around
- In Catanzaro Lido
- Scylletium Archaeological Park (1.5 mi / 2.4 km)
- Le Fontane Parco Commerciale (4.3 mi / 6.9 km)
- Copanello Beach (5.3 mi / 8.6 km)
- Natural History Museum (7.1 mi / 11.5 km)
- Pietragrande Beach (7.8 mi / 12.5 km)
For families
- Cribs/infant beds (surcharge)
- Children's pool
- Connecting/adjoining rooms available
- Private bathroom
- Free toiletries
- Garden
Grand Hotel Paradiso, Catanzaro (province)
Hotel Info: 866-539-8117from $65
- Suite
- Single Room
- Triple Room
- Standard double not refundable
- Standard Double Room
- Junior Suite
- Double Room Single Use
Also popular with travelers from the USA
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 76 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 4 floors
- Check-in time 2 PM-11 PM
- Check-out time is 11 AM
- Express check-in/out
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
Travelling with others
- Pets allowed *
- Specific rooms only, restrictions apply *
- Free WiFi in public areas
- Free WiFi in rooms
- Free self parking
Nearby Five Star Catanzaro (province) hotels
In the hotel
- Breakfast (surcharge)
- Restaurant
- Bar/lounge
- Coffee/tea in a common area
- Outdoor seasonal pool
- Outdoor pool
- Fitness facilities
- Full-service spa
- Children's pool
- Pool sun loungers
- Pool umbrellas
- Number of meeting rooms - 3
- Conference space
- 24-hour front desk
- Laundry facilities
- Free newspapers in lobby
- Luggage storage
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
- Year Built 2009
- Elevator/lift
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Garden
- Television in common areas
- Accessible bathroom
- In-room accessibility
- Roll-in shower
In the room
- In-room climate control (air conditioning)
- Air conditioning
- Minibar
- Slippers
- Private bathroom
- Bathtub or shower
- Bidet
- Free toiletries
- Hair dryer
- Digital TV channels
- Desk
- Free WiFi
- Daily housekeeping
- In-room safe
- Connecting/adjoining rooms available
Top Catanzaro (province) hotels
Recently reviewed hotels in Catanzaro (province)
- Popilia Country ResortFrom
"The cottage set up was fabulous for a family. The bathroom was spacious but didn't have a bathtub which made cleaning our toddler challenging. The restaurant was delicious and the…"Dec 31, 2015
- Hotel Ristorante La MimosaFrom
"Some friends and I stayed at the hotel while driving from Rome to Palermo. We arrived late, past midnight, but the innkeeper greeted us kindly and showed us to our room. It was…"Dec 5, 2015
- Palmed HotelFrom
"The restaurant was fantastic with regional dishes and an excellent wine selection. There was no need to drive after drinking with such a great restaurant inside the hotel. Check…"Oct 11, 2015
- Grand Hotel LameziaFrom
"It's a great place to stay if you have an early flight the next day. the hotel was clean and the staff was very friendly & helpful."Oct 6, 2015
Special features
Guests can indulge in a pampering treatment at the hotel's full-service spa, Paradisea. Services include massages, body wraps, body scrubs, and manicures and pedicures. The spa is equipped with a sauna, a spa tub, and Turkish bath/hammam. A variety of treatment therapies are provided, including aromatherapy.
DiningLArtiste - This restaurant specializes in Mediterranean cuisine and serves lunch and dinner.
Onsite venue #2 - This bar serves lunch only.
Grand Hotel Paradiso, Catanzaro (province)'s small print
Also known as
- Grand Hotel Paradiso
- Grand Hotel Paradiso Catanzaro
- Grand Paradiso Catanzaro
- Grand Paradiso Hotel
- Hotel Grand Paradiso
Cash transactions at this property cannot exceed EUR 2999.99, due to national regulations. For further details, please contact the property using information in the booking confirmation.
The property has connecting/adjoining rooms, which are subject to availability and can be requested by contacting the property using the number on the booking confirmation.
Pet-friendly rooms can be requested by contacting the property at the number on the booking confirmation.
Children under 12 years old are not allowed in the swimming pool without adult supervision.
Reservations are required for massage services and spa treatments and can be made by contacting the property before arrival at the number on the booking confirmation.
Optional extras
Breakfast is offered for an extra charge of EUR 5 per person (approximately)
Cribs/Infant beds are available for EUR 10 per night
Pets are allowed for an extra charge of EUR 10 per accommodation, per day
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.
Is the description of this hotel not correct? Tell us


text:
Simon Cowell Was 'Bored' on Idol After Paula Left, Might Be Planning New Show
Cowell spoke to the New York Times about his new gig on 'America's Got Talent' and looks back at why 'The X Factor' didn't work stateside.
Cowell spoke to the New York Times about his new gig on 'America's Got Talent' and looks back at why 'The X Factor' didn't work stateside.
"I don't know if it's a hiatus or a breakup, to be honest," Cowell said.
Between Tamyra Gray's shocking elimination and Kelly Clarkson's come-from-behind win, the show's first string of episodes played out like a reality TV fairy tale.
'...once he has had a chance to reflect on everything he will probably reconsider what he's said,' Cowell noted.
The music mogul dropped some serious One Direction bombs during an interview with 'The Sun' on Sunday.
No decisions have been made as to when the new season will begin.
It's the end of an era! The longstanding reality TV series will return for a final season in January in 2016.
Niall Horan is speaking out about One Direction's future on his own terms.
Simon Cowell has broken his silence following the controversial video that seemingly shows One Direction's Louis Tomlinson and Zayn Malik smoking a joint in a car.
Simon Cowell is the expert on music competition TV shows, gifting the world with the likes of the record-breaking 'Got Talent' series and the British-Irish heartthrobs of One Direction. The unstoppable mogul is at it again, searching for the ultimate Latino boy band with 'La Banda.'


text:
wooden camcorder shoulder rig from a raw branch
very cool! http://vimeo.com/11435910
wooden camcorder shoulder rig from a raw branch
12-29-2010 06:58 PM by John | 3 comments »
very cool! http://vimeo.com/11435910
Wood Art #10: What a fine artist does with branches
05-24-2010 01:32 AM by Gary Fixler | 6 comments »
I went to art school, and this kind of work was the domain of the "fine artists," who make abstract art to express ideas without getting literal about it. I.e. maybe they were inspired by an apple, but there may be no actual representation of an apple anywhere in the piece, and the point was for you to find your own interpretation, which probably wouldn't contain an apple. Much of the time, we in the computer animation major, and even those in more closely related majors,...
found wood #20: Eucalyptus branch from Venice Blvd in west LA
04-16-2010 02:24 PM by Gary Fixler | 6 comments »
I had a meeting today with a friend who does pet portraits here in LA. He left the film effects business last year to focus on his two passions: pets, and photography. It's working out for him. He did portraits of all of Paris Hilton's dogs last year. He has a bunch of freelance work for me – website stuff – which will be great to tide me over as I continue to pursue full time employment again. In other financial news, looks like I'm getting a tax refund to the t...
Wood IDs #10: Found limb - Bottlebrush
04-03-2009 01:51 AM by Gary Fixler | 10 comments »
This branch, found a week ago now, was a mystery for awhile, but then I accidentally identified it while looking up something about paperbark trees, which are in some ways related. Callistemon, or Bottlebrush Trees, in the Myrtaceae family, are – like many LA trees – native to Australia. My coworker and officemate, who knows about my log and tree-collecting shenanigans told me one morning that the city had roped off a big branch that had fallen. He saw it on his drive in to work. ...
Wood IDs #4: mystery ornamental branch identified
03-18-2009 04:12 AM by Gary Fixler | 4 comments »
After some online snooping, it looks like the branch I found the other day is of the Juglandaceae Family, which is to say it's a walnut. Here's some evidence… The chambers in the middle, seen here in my sample comprise what is known as a "chambered pith" (a pith being the center of a tree/branch/twig). Here's how it happens (in elaborate, if brief science talk). When it comes to chambered piths, it seems the only two choices spoken of online are black walnut (...
Wood IDs #3: Another found ornamental tree, with a mystery hole
03-17-2009 12:51 AM by Gary Fixler | 6 comments »
More trash pick… I mean, recycling this past Thursday night. Someone in the neighborhood threw out what in the dark after work seemed like it might be plastic, but back in my garage turned out to be something with the texture, and a bit of the overall look of a plum, with smooth brown skin that seemed to have a purplish cast to it. I think it's either a whole small tree, or the top of a very tall larger tree, as it doesn't seem to branch in the way a branch would. It̵...
Wood IDs #2: A look inside the second mystery branch
03-09-2009 12:17 PM by Gary Fixler | 2 comments »
It would seem Rob (user: socalwood) nailed another species down for me in my previous post – the Pride of Madeira – going off nothing more than one gnarled limb (which turned out to be the whole trunk and some branches of a small plant) and some withering leaves. Great job, Rob! I looked a bit more into one of the few branches of the second mystery species, and found a yellowy, eccentrically-ringed wood that seems to love to split along its length down its ring and ray lines. I...
Wood IDs #1: 2 species of branches found in my green waste bin - what are they?
03-08-2009 09:26 PM by Gary Fixler | 6 comments »
I've had quite a weekend here in LA with the free wood gathering. It's laughable to you folks on farms, or out in the deep woods with harvestable lumber all around you, but here, we have to beg for our scraps, or put down hard earned cash at the stores :) Thursday night after work, I came home to find the green plant-matter bin out by the road, indicating the gardeners had been by (landlady pays for them 2x/mo). Unusually, however, were limbs sticking out of it. I only have a f...
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Rabade attractions are listed below. Find things to do in or near Rabade, Spain for your upcoming individual or group travel for Rabade visitors. We also offer the great discounts on Rabade hotel and motel rooms.
Enter your stay dates and any discounts you qualify for to see Rabade, Spain rates found only on HotelPlanner!


text:
Some icons and new logo for my updated portfolio site. Still very much under construction:
Using a color version as my avatar here and on twitter/tumblr, etc
keyboard shortcuts:
L or F like
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post comment
Show and tell for designers
What are you working on? Dribbble is a community of designers sharing screenshots of their work, process, and projects.
Copyright © 2009–2016 Dribbble LLC. All screenshots © their respective owners. Shipped from Salem, Mass. USA.


text:
Ivalo Collection Catalog
By Lutron Electronics co., Inc.
Open iTunes to buy and download apps.
This catalog is the perfect introduction to Ivalo® lighting fixtures, a collection of modernist pendants, sconces, LED recessed downlights and LED linear light bars.
Ivalo fixtures are a combination of smart design, creative vision, and progressive technology, with each dimension and aspect of a fixture's form carefully considered and masterfully built. These beautiful, stylish solutions for any space are assembled in America with exceptional attention to detail.
The Ivalo Collection includes:
*Aliante® pendants, scones, and demi-sconces
*L'ale® pendants and sconces
*Rotare® pendants and sconces
*Daedalus® pendant
*Silvus® sconces
*Finiré® LED recessed lighting
*Lumaris™ LED linear lighting
Download the catalog app to access:
*Fixtures grouped by family or fixture type
*Interior and exterior application images
*Specification details, including dimensions and color options
*Product ordering guide
What's New in Version 1.5
- New 3" family in Finiré® LED recessed lighting
- Updated product specifications, color options and ordering guide for Lumaris™ LED linear lighting
iPad Screenshots
- Free
- Category: Catalogues
- Updated: 14 July 2015
- Version: 1.5
- Size: 336 MB
- Language: English
- Developer: Lutron Electronics Co., Inc.
- © Copyright 2015 Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. 2015 Ivalo Lighting Inc.
Compatibility: Requires iOS 6.0 or later. Compatible with iPad.


text:
The Amazing Race
New Kids on the Block's Jonathan Knight: How My Boyfriend Changed Me
Originally posted 02/24/2015 09:15AM
Jonathan Knight captured the hearts of millions as a teen idol and member of New Kids on the Block, but it's the man who has captured his heart who gives him the fuel to continue to perform all over the world.
It's a Boy for Amazing Race Winner Jennifer Hoffman Fowler
Originally posted 02/06/2015 04:05PM
The reality star and husband Ryan Fowler welcomed son Logan Ryan on Jan. 15, she tells PEOPLE exclusively
New Kids on the Block's Jonathan Knight Admits He's 'Nervous' About Running The Amazing Race with Boyfriend
Originally posted 01/20/2015 12:00PM
Jonathan Knight has traveled the world as a member of New Kids on the Block, but he's not sure anything could prepare him for competing on The Amazing Race with his boyfriend, Harley Rodriguez.
"This is probably going to be the most time that we've been together continually," Knight tells PEOPLE about spending more than three weeks traveling with Rodriguez on the 26th installment of the CBS reality competition show. "I don't know if I am looking forward to that much time together with him. It's going to be interesting."
In fact, since meeting through a mutual friend in 2008 (when Knight was in Los Angeles working on the NKOTB reunion album and tour), the couple have come to relish their time apart.
New Kids on the Block's Jonathan Knight Will Compete on The Amazing Race
Originally posted 12/19/2014 09:05PM
Does Jonathan Knight have the right stuff to win The Amazing Race?
The New Kids on the Block member and his boyfriend, Harley Rodriguez, have been revealed as one of 11 couples competing on the next season of the CBS reality competition.
Meet Amazing Race Winners Ernie and Cindy Halvorsens' Newborn Son
Originally posted 10/27/2014 12:45PM
The couple welcomed Maverick Zhang on Wednesday, they confirm to PEOPLE exclusively
Survivor's Whitney Duncan and Keith Tollefson are Married – and Running in The Amazing Race
Originally posted 09/26/2014 04:45PM
Whitney Duncan is no stranger to reality TV.
In 2007, she finished fifth on season five of Nashville Star. Then, in 2011, she lasted 28 days on Survivor: South Pacific. Now, audiences will see her again on The Amazing Race, which kicks off season 25 Friday night.
And who is Duncan competing with? Keith Tollefson, a fellow Survivor contestant – who also happens to be her new husband.
Rob and Amber Mariano Welcome Fourth Daughter
Originally posted 06/24/2014 12:55PM
The Survivor and Amazing Race alums are new parents to Adelina Rose, born Friday
Alleged Meth Users Steal $100,000 Worth of Cattle from Amazing Race Star
Originally posted 03/11/2014 09:00PM
It's a classic Western tale but with a prime-time TV twist – the cattle thieves could have appeared in an episode of Breaking Bad, and the cowboy is a reality star.
Rachel Reilly and Brendon Villegas Will Compete on The Amazing Race – Again
Originally posted 01/27/2014 12:00PM
Will the second time again be the charm for Rachel Reilly?
The Amazing Race's Jen Hoffman Weds
Originally posted 09/27/2013 04:05PM
Jen Hoffman is on a roll.
In 2011, she and her sister, Kisha, won the million dollar prize on The Amazing Race. The following year, she and her fiancé, Ryan Fowler, became parents to daughter Nylah Mackenzie.
And on Saturday, Hoffman and Fowler tied the knot during a sunset ceremony at the Muhammed Ali Center in Louisville, Ky.
"It was a fantastic ceremony," Hoffman tells PEOPLE exclusively. "We had about 130 guests – all close friends and family."
The most buzzed about stars this minute!
Treat Yourself! 4 Preview Issues
More On PEOPLE.com
Got a News Tip?
Send it to our People.com editors!
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