text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Apr 20, 1999
|Filing date
|Jun 24, 1997
|Priority date
|Apr 3, 1997
|Fee status
|Publication number
|John Grunwald
|Original Assignee
|J.G. Systems Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (38), Classifications (26), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
1. Technical Field of the Invention
The present invention is directed to forming copper conductors on a PCB via a computer-controlled imagewise laser scanning without using phototools.
2. Prior Art
U.S. Pat. No. 3,469,982 to Celeste describes the prior art currently practiced to image PCBs via phototools, using a polymeric UV sensitive dry film usually ˜25 micron thick as the sole etch, or plating resist. It is the predominant method, because of its ease of application. The drawbacks reside in the high cost of generating phototools and the cost of manufacturing the dry film, limited resolution and laser imaging capabilities of the dry film, due at least in part to its heavy thickness of over 25 micron, and the environmentally unfriendly disposal features inherent in the manufacture and use of dry films.
The industry is making strenuous efforts to develop DW systems and thus obviate the need for phototools. Such efforts are abundantly reflected in the wealth of prior art literature, both in the form of patents and publications. The following published articles are referenced herewith as typical and pertinent: (1) Emerging technologies, PC fabrication, volume 18, No. 9, September 1995; (2) Laser Direct Writing of Copper on Various Thin-Film Substrate Materials, Applied Surface Science 46 (1990) 143-147, Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. (North Holland); Kuchta, Technological Requirements for Direct Imaging, Technical Paper No. 1, A 8/1, PC World Conventions, June 1990.
The contents of U.S. Pat. No. 5,328,811 is included by its reference. The method it describes has yet to surface in the industry. The patent teaches DW imaging via thermal laser energy that causes a redox reaction between two "reagents" applied on a metallic surface, such as the copper cladding of an unimaged PCB panel. Typically, the patent discloses the redox reaction of CuO with a reducing layer such as polyaldehyde, when impacted with the heat of a thermal laser. Areas that have been scanned with the thermal laser will cause the CuO to be reduced to copper metal, thereby allowing the copper to be selectively etched where exposed. Essentially, the CuO acts as etch resist or plating resist, wherein perhaps lies the reason for the difficulties that can be expected when attempting to practice the teachings of above-cited U.S. Pat. No. 5,328,811. Indeed, CuO cannot be relied upon to safely serve as a reliable etch resist, whether copper etching is done in ammoniacal or acid-based etchants. In the above cited patent, copper oxide or sulphide acts also as absorber of heat generated by the thermal laser. In some examples of above cited patent, etch resistance of copper metal can be aided by the reducer film covering the underlying copper oxide or sulphide. But the thrust of U.S. Pat. No. 5,328,811 is a redox reaction initiated by thermal laser between a first and second "reagent" overlying the copper cladding, and its application is therefore limited to thermal lasers. Herein perhaps lies the difficulty in its achieving industrial success, since such redox reactions are relatively slow and do not generally enable sharp image delineation.
It is an objective of the present invention to form copper conductors on a PCB via a computer-controlled imagewise laser scanning without using phototools. A further objective involves the use of UV as well as IR (thermal) or other lasers that can form an image, applying one or more metal-bearing layers over copper cladding, topped by a laser patternable organic polymeric coating. An additional objective is the use of a top laser patternable coating in the order of only 1 to 10 microns, avoiding "thick" (25 microns or higher) polymeric films which impede practicable scanning speeds, and thus enable low scanning energies.
Another concept objective is to allow the metal-bearing layers present between the copper-cladding and the top, laser imageable organic/polymeric coating, to minimize the deleterious effects on imaging of the high heat conductivity of copper, which can be especially detrimental when thermal lasers are the choice for imagewise patterning, causing poor line definition and poor image demarcation. Finally, the major purpose of this invention is to achieve DW, imagewise laser patterning of organic/polymeric coatings, wherein the organic/polymeric coating is in direct contact with metal-bearing layers other than essentially pure metallic copper, as currently practiced in the industry; and to rely on laser-patternable organic/polymeric coatings that do not react chemically with the underlying metal bearing layer or layers in a way to significantly alter the nature and etch resistance of such metal layers.
The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing a printed circuit board (PCB) without using phototools and via laser imaging, comprising,
1. Coating the surface of the copper cladding of a copper-clad laminate with at least one thin layer of metal other than copper, a metal alloy, and/or at least one thin layer of metal-based compound(s) that can act as copper etch resist;
2. Coating the surface of the layer(s) obtained in step No. 1 with at least one laser-patternable polymeric coating;
3. Laser imagewise scanning the coating(s) obtained in step No. 2;
4. Developing (if needed) the laser-scanned surface resulting from step No. 3, so as to expose/uncover the layer(s) obtained in step No. 1;
5. Etching or stripping (if needed) the layer(s) obtained in step No. 1, so as to expose the bare copper metal cladding of the laminate;
6. Etching a copper pattern of alternating conductors separated by insulating spaces on the laminate;
7. Stripping away the polymeric areas left on the surface of the metallic coating(s) obtained in step No. 2 and which co-acted as etch resist during copper etching; and
8. Optionally stripping away the layer(s) obtained in step No. 1, so as to expose the copper surface of the conductor pattern.
FIG. 1 is a schematic description of this invention, wherein a single metallic layer etch resist is coated with the laser imageable coating.
In FIG. 2, a cupric oxide layer acts as the auxiliary etch resist and is covered with the laser-imageable coating.
In FIG. 3 a tin immersion step is inserted over the cupric oxide coating, to minimize the presence of possible pin holes. Tin immersion can be replaced with other immersion-type metallic layers, i.e. electroless nickel. The laser-imageable top coat covers the two metallic type etch resist layers to principally achieve laser patterning.
In FIG. 4 a combination of electroless nickel and tin serve as metallic etch resists, topped by the laser patternable coating.
There are two major components to the embodiment of this invention:
1. Laser imagewise patterning of an organic polymeric top layer, creating areas that remain covered with the organic/polymeric coating, and other areas from which the coating has been removed as a result of laser-induced chemical reactions.
2. Each-resistant metal-bearing layer or layers that will stand up to the copper etchant solution, used to produce an array of copper electric conductors when exposed/uncovered/bared after laser imaging. Again, copper etch resistance is principally (though not solely) relied-upon the metal-bearing layer(s). The metallic etch resist can/will be complemented in the overall task of etch resistance by the organic/polymeric layer in areas where it remains after laser-induced selective patterning. It is thus a major concept of this invention to achieve copper metal etch resistance by relying principally on a metallic etch resist, assisted by the possibly limited etch resistance of the laser-patterned organic/polymeric coating overlaying the metallic resist layer or layers.
The attempts that have been made in the prior art to rely on metallic coatings for resisting copper etching, were mainly directed to replacing the predominantly used nefarious electroplated Sn/Pb with more environmentally friendly metals such as electroless nickel or chemical (immersion) tin. None of these attempts have achieved commercial success, mainly because of the presence of pinholes, or because of insufficient metallic coating thickness, both of which will cause defects in the copper conductors during copper etching.
In the present invention, such defects will be minimized by the complementary etch resisting function of the laser-patterned organic-polymeric layer on top of the metallic resist(s).over copper (or a combination of several very thin metallic layers), thereby enhancing their function as co-resists and minimize damaging effects of pinholes that may be present in the top laser-imaged layer.
As an alternative to producing such metallic layers by the PCB job shops or OEM shops, suppliers of PCB laminates such as GE, NELCO, Isola and others may conveniently market materials already coated with layer or layers of such metallic coatings.
The choice of the metallic coatings will be influenced by the nature of the copper metal etchant to be used, i.e. ammoniacal solutions disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,231,403, 3,466,208, or acidic cupric chloride, acidic ammonium persulfate, acidic hydrogen peroxide, etc. When the laser of choice is of the IR, thermal type, the metallic coating should preferably be black, such as the well-known cupric oxides or black nickel (taught in U.S. Pat. No. 3,097,117), and the like. There is a host of literature that applies to solar energy absorbers from which one can draw helpful information on metallic coatings that optimize thermal efficiency.
The choice of lasers will depend on the composition/chemistry of the laser-imageable layer. The prior art offers an abundance of lasers covering a wide spectrum of wavelengths, from the low region (248 nm and 308 nm) to the longer bands, extending into the frequencies of about 1000 nm and higher. Thus, the person skilled in the art can match the chemistry of the top, laser-patternable layer to the type of laser that is suitable for the task.
The lasers that are most often encountered in the DW prior art, will emit either in the UV region (i.e. systems supplied by Polyscan Inc., a corporation of Arizona), blue light Argon beams (i.e. systems offered by Agfa-Gevaert A.G. of Germany) or higher wavelength lasers such as Nd: YAG, diode or CO2 type offered by a host of companies. The latter types (IR thermal lasers) have achieved, in recent years, significant commercial use in the digital printing arena. Indeed, wherever technologically possible, IR or thermal lasers are preferred over UV lasers due to availability and cost.
The types of laser patternings known in the prior art can be grouped in the following categories:
1. Laser that results in ablation of the organic/polymeric layer, exposing the underlying surface, without further steps. U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,054,094, 5,459,017, 5,506,086, 5,353,705, 5,262,275, 5,310,869 and EP0664211A2 are only some of the prior art teachings in the field of ablation.
2. Laser scanned regions lead to decreased solvent-solubility, usually due to chemical crosslinking of the polymeric compositions. A development step that follows laser scanning will cause the unscanned regions to be washed away by suitable solvents, thereby exposing the underlying surface. Chemistries that become less solvent-soluble following irradiation, are called negative-acting.
3. Laser-scanned areas undergo increased solvent-solubilization, usually due to chemical bond-breaking, or decomposition reactions, causing film removal in laser-scanned areas after development in a suitable solvent or, preferably water-based solutions. Such systems are called positive-acting
Some references relative to prior art imaging systems that broadly cover applications both for PCB and digital printing plates:
1. Emerging Technologies, Printed Circuit Fabrication, pp. 12-15, Vol. 18, No. 9, September 1995.
2. Technical Information, Bulletin AQM-130A, entitled AQUA MER CFIL, UV LASER DIRECT IMAGING PHOTORESIST, issued by Hercules in 1995.
3. U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,132,168, 4,717,639, 5,401,618, 4,555,471, 5,487,852, 5,353,705 and many others.
As to polymeric compositions that are envisioned for use as top, laser-patternable layers overlaying the metallic resists of this invention, one skilled in the art has at his/her disposal a very broad selection relying on chemistries reported in the field of microlithography, printed circuits primary/secondary resists, digital or flexographic printing, and generally the very vast field of photochemical polymer reactions. The guidelines to successfully choose the top layer chemistry for this invention are:
1. High sensitivity, or low energy needs, affording fast scanning by the appropriate laser.
2. Coating thickness as thin as practicable that achieves both high scan-speed and adequate protection during copper metal etching, acting in a complementary, synergistic manner with he underlying metallic resist.
3. Compositions should preferably be water-based for environmental considerations.
4. Easily strippable after selective copper metal etching is completed, unless stripping is unnecessary because the top patternable layer, together with the underlying metallic resist can remain as part of a permanent structural composite of the PCB assembly. This can indeed be the case if laser patterning is done on inner layers of multi-layer PCB (well-known in the art), where the top layer is an epoxy and the underlying metal-based resist is for example tin immersion or copper oxide.
5. The metallic-based layer that is to act as a "co-resist" during copper etching, should preferably be chosen to optimize absorption of the laser energy at the selected wavelength, and minimize reflection. Black cupric oxides well-known in the art of PCBs can also advantageously act as IR energy absorbers, as well as co-resists during copper etching, especially if copper etchants are ammoniacal.
6. The top, laser-imageable layer can itself be designed to optimize energy absorption via incorporation of suitable dyes as suggested by U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,262,275, 5,501,938, 4,555,471, 5,401,618 and many others.
The metal-bearing, metallic-type coating or coatings that are to act as co-resist during copperetching can be applied by numerous techniques known in the prior art, i.e. vapor deposition, sputtering, chemical deposition over the copper cladding of the PCB basis material, chemical reactions with the copper base substrate, etc., or combinations thereof. Typically, CuO, non-electrolytic tin (known in the art as "chemical" or "immersion") Bismuth, black nickel electroless nickel, etc., will preferably be done chemically.
The invention can be practiced via a single metallic layer or via combination of several metallic layers, preferably no more than two, in order to keep the process simple and easily practicable.
As mentioned earlier, very thin metallic coatings tend to be prone to pinhole formation. When such coatings serve as etch resists, the pinholes will result in defects during etching. Multiple coatings, or at least more than one, will greatly improve pinhole-free etch resisting. As an example, if metallic resists are applied to the copper-cladding by way of sputtering, the choice can be aluminum followed by bismuth, or titanium, not necessarily in this order.
If deposition of the metallic resist is done chemically, one may for example follow the CuO formation with immersing the laminate in alkaline tin-immersion solutions that will "plug" possible pinholes in the cupric oxide with immersion tin. Indeed, tin deposition will only occur where the copper-cladding foil is exposed to the alkaline tin solution, i.e. where pinholes in the cupric oxides are present allowing the displacement reaction to take place (Cu0 +Sn2 +⃡Cu++ +Sn0). Combinations of sputtering one metallic layer, then following the operation with an immersion type chemical deposition of another metallic layer, is well within the scope of the present invention. Also, it is an inherent benefit of the present invention that the laser-imageable top coating will also contribute to pinhole "plugging" in the metallic resist.
Again, the copper-clad laminate already coated with thin metallic resists can be supplied by PCB laminate producer as an article or "package", ready for laser imaging.
In one preferred embodiment of this invention, the copper etchant itself also removes the metallic layer or layers that are exposed following laser pattemings, at the same time as it etches out unwanted copper, to form conductors. This is especially true if the copper etchant is based on cupric chloride chemistry, predominantly used in manufacturing copper conductors for inner-layers that are part of a multilayer board (MLB) assembly. Indeed, acidic cupric chloride will remove thin layers of copper oxide, tin, Bi, AI, Ti and others in the same etcher that dissolves the copper cladding (25 5o 30μ thick) from unwanted areas, to form conductors.
In the case where the etchant of choice is of the ammoniacal type, a separate "pickling" step may be required that will strip the metallic layers that are bared (uncovered) following laser imaging of the top polymeric coating. This is then followed by ammoniacal copper etching. The entire PCB patterning process, including imaging can be streamlined and automated via horizontal spray processing equipment, another advantageous feature of this invention, as a result of laser imaging without phototools.
Again, acid "pickling" solutions that will quickly strip/remove the layer(s) of metallic resist prior to copper etching, can be chosen from proprietary or published compositions based on acidic FeCl3, Fe(NO3)3, Ammonium persulfate, and many others, some of which are used in the industry to strip tin-lead, where the latter serves as copper etch resist.
As to the polymeric, laser imageable chemistries, the industry and the prior art offer a wealth of methods to precision-coat substrates with liquid polymeric photosensitive compositions. Such methods include spin-coating (the method of choice in wafer fabrication/imaging, where 1 micron resist thicknesses are predominant), coating via "roller", curtain, spray, and many others. Of special interest are coating methods used in producing UV-sensitive imaging film for PCBs, known in the trade as "dry films", perfected by companies such as Rexham Graphics Inc., Eastman Kodak, MacDermid Inc., DuPont and others.
As to the chemistry of laser-imageable compositions, they can be adapted by modifying prior art imaging formulation designed for conventional "phototool-exposed" systems, or laser DW systems, whether ablation type, or negative/positive-acting chemistries that require development. Thus, in the practice of present invention, the top, laser-imageable layer can be adapted from product offerings in microlithography, printed circuit imaging, and especially from the field of digital printing, as mentioned earlier. As a reference, U.S. Pat. No. 5,262,275 mentioned earlier provides detailed options for IR laser-ablatable chemistries, albeit designed for digital printing. In essence, the above reference teaches IR-ablatable compositions based on polymeric binders and IR-absorbing compounds, i.e. dyes, carbon black and the like.
Once again, one of the salient advantages of the present invention is that the laser imageable resist layer does not need to carry the full "burden" of the etch resistance, in contrast with prior art practices, where a single polymeric resist determines success, failure, and overall quality of the copper conductor patterns, especially as to defects such as pinholes, shorts, edge-wall profile, i.e. whether conductor "walls" are straight or sloped. Straight wall conductor walls are highly preferred where constant electrical impedance is desired.
Negative-acting UV laser imageable chemistries can be adapted from the prior art teachings currently practiced via phototools, for example such as disclosed U.S. Pat. No. 3,469,982 (dry film) U.S. Pat. No. 4,789,620 (solder-mask), and many others, by incorporation of appropriate dyes and sensitizers designed to improve sensitivity (greater scanning speeds). Indeed, the teachings of this present patent make the choice of the laser imageable resist chemistry less stringent, less critical and easier, because etch resistance is principally contributed by the underlying metallic layer or layers, relying on the laser imageable layer principally, often solely, for high resolution and sharp/clean image development.
In the selection of appropriate dyes for a given laser, see Laser Dyes by Mitsuo Maeda, Academic Press, Inc. 1984. It is one of the many helpful references in the literature.
Positive-acting UV laser imageable chemistries can be chosen from abundantly disclosed information both in publications and patents, related to microlithographic imaging. The two principal resist types are solvent-based diazo-novolak solutions or on chemistries known as amplification, the latter being of special interest in the Deep UV absorption region (˜240 nm). Again, provision may need to be made for optimum absorption for a given laser by incorporation of appropriate dye or dyes, binders, etc.
Some helpful references are:
1. Polymer Materials for Electronics, ACS Symposium Series 184, 1982.
2. Chemically Amplified Resists, AT & T Bell Laboratories, SPIE Volume 1086. Advances in Resists Technology and Processing VI (1989).
3. An aqueous base developable novel deep UV resist for KrF excimer laser lithography, SPIE vol. 1262, Advances in Resist Technology and Processing VII (1990).
As to the thickness of both the metallic resist(s) and laser-imageable resist(s), both should be as thin as practicable, as long as freedom from pinholes and other defects are insured. Indeed, a balance will need to be achieved between the thickness and number of layers (the thicker the coatings, the more pinhole free) and the speed of operation (the thicker the coating(s), especially the laser-imageable layer), the slower the operation.
Also, while the present patent is mainly directed towards manufacturing PCBs, other applications where patterning via laser offers an opportunity (chemical milling, LCDs, etc.), are within its scope and will be obvious to those skilled in the art.
FIGS. 1 to 4 are schematic presentations of potential variations of the ways the present patent can be implemented. The examples certainly not exhaustive as to other modes of execution and reductionto-practice.
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|General Electric Company
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|Hembree David R.
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|Method and system for real-time monitoring and controlling height of deposit by using image photographing and image processing technology in laser cladding and laser-aided direct metal manufacturing process
|May 20, 2009
|Nov 25, 2010
|Uma Srinivasan
|Metal patterning for electrically conductive structures based on alloy formation
|Mar 24, 2011
|Gallant Precision Machining Co., Ltd.
|Method for processing films attached on two sides of a glass substrate
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|Oct 21, 2009
|Method and system for real-time monitoring and controlling height of deposit by using image photographing and image processing technology in laser cladding and laser-aided direct metal manufacture pro
|Nov 17, 2001
|Apr 18, 2012
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|Hitachi Chemical Company, Ltd.
|Photosensitive resin composition, photosensitive element comprising the same, method for producing resist pattern, and method for producing printed wiring board
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|Mar 26, 2015
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|U.S. Classification
|216/13, 216/47, 216/65, 428/209, 430/316, 216/51, 430/318
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Nov 18, 1997
Owner name: J.G. SYSTEMS INC., FLORIDA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:GRUNWALD, JOHN;REEL/FRAME:008813/0380
Effective date: 19970617
|May 21, 2002
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Nov 8, 2006
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Apr 20, 2007
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Jun 19, 2007
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20070420


text:
FOXBORO — Rob Ninkovich came to camp this week with a freshly shaven mug, ready to look the part of a young playmaker on defense.
Ninkovich, who turned 32 on Feb. 1, is the oldest returning veteran on the defense. He keeps his job by not just maintaining a high level of play on the field but learning to do more on defense as he gets older.
The competitiveness amps up for rookies and veterans alike on Saturday with the start of full pads practice on Saturday.
"We're starting training camp with pads and I think everyone is focused on getting those pads on and starting training camp, hitting somebody. I'm excited. It's always good to start real football, and that's when the pads come on." Ninkovich said. "That's the fun part of training camp. Right now, we're focused on getting better and coming together as a team."
And staying cool as a team. Ninkovich took one look at the forecast this week and saw temperatures in the 90s and knew one thing that had to go was the full beard.
"It's hot, it's hot," he said. "I saw the temps so I figured I needed to take the beard off. And I look a little younger now. In this business, you don't want to look too old, right?"
But Ninkovich knows as well as anyone, with age comes experience. And that's gold to Bill Belichick, as long as your skills remain viable at the NFL level.
In the spring, he worked extensively with the linebacking corps, a role he hasn't played much of late. That's because he's been one of the mainstays of the edge pass rush, along with Chandler Jones. But with Jones gone, it's up to Ninkovich, Jabaal Sheard, Geneo Grissom, Trey Flowers and Chris Long to pick up the slack. It's a role that Ninkovich will likely play again but just in case, Ninkovich could spot a few reps in the second level of the defense if the situation arises.
Why does Belichick trust him to handle both?
"Rob's got a great feel for the game," Belichick said. "First of all, he's got great physical skills. He can run, he's athletic, he's strong, so he can hang in there against the big guys but is athletic [enough] to play in space. Whether that be in the kicking game or as an off-the-line linebacker; you can drop him into coverage from the line of scrimmage. Mentally, he sees the game as well. He can move around, do different things. He doesn't get bogged down. He has the ability to play in coverage, which means you have to see the game a little bit behind you in pass coverage.
"It's not all in front of you, especially in zone defense. There are plays behind you. You have to have an awareness for where receivers are, where people are on the field. Mike [Vrabel] was able to do that. Junior [Seau] was able to do that, although Junior primarily played inside linebacker, but he played on the line quite a bit, rushed quite a bit. Tedy [Bruschi] certainly did that over the course of his career even though the majority of his college career was down and the majority of his pro career was up, but he showed the ability to do both of those things at a very high level. You get players that do that. Not everybody can do it but when you have one that can it is a big advantage."
Belichick isn't the only one who trusts Ninkovich. His teammates are the ones on the field with him.
"He' s a great player, a great leader," Dont'a Hightower said. "He orchestrates the front very well, just as far as in the meeting rooms, and he's just a great ball player."
Can versatility improve over time?
"Again, Lawrence [Taylor] did that, Carl [Banks] did that, Pepper [Johnson] did that in New York," Belichick said. "I don't think you really usually ask that guy, guys like that, to do it all at once – 'Your first year you're going to do all of this stuff.' Usually it's a progression over time due to either the player's development, or possibly injuries or game plan situations where you need to make some variations like that.
"So, I'd say generally it's a buildup over time but that's kind of the way, but that would be kind of the way it would be anyways. Again, I don't think there are too many players that you would want to bring into the league in year one and give him that kind of multiplicity defensively in a pretty short amount of time. I guess it could happen. I haven't seen it too often."
Ninkovich is about to enter his eighth season with the Patriots. Whether it's long-snapping (like he did against Green Bay in 2014), playing special teams early in his time in New England, playing the edge like he did in college, shifting to linebacker early in his NFL career or switching back to play the edge like he has the last several seasons, Ninkovich feels confident he will be ready.
"Every year it's going to be different, there is going to be change," Ninkovich said. "That's just the way the game is. This is really when guys start coming together in training camp. You're working on all of the communication and just getting a feel for one another, communicating and getting everything down.
"As you're progressing through your career, you learn a position, then you learn another one, and towards the end, you know a couple. So for me, it was playing defensive end early in my career, then learning how to play linebacker. Being able to do multiple things, for me, has helped me play as long as I have. You've got to continue to do that as your career moves along."
FOXBORO — Over the past few years, Patriots first-round picks have been able to make impacts in their first seasons in the league, most notably Malcom Brown and Dont'a Hightower.
This year it could be Cyrus Jones, as the cornerback has seen extensive time lining up inside Logan Ryan and Malcolm Butler as the slot cornerback and also plenty of reps returning punts over the first two days of training camp.
Jones, an Alabama product, is confident he can contribute.
"I have ultimate confidence every time I step on the field," Jones said. "Just the way the coaches prepare us and just being a competitor. It helps to have that confidence. The more prepared you are the more equipped you are to go out there and do your job at a high level. I'm definitely confident every time I step on the field."
The Patriots struggled to find a No. 3 cornerback last season to play along with Ryan and Butler. Taking Jones in the first round is a sign the Patriots feel he could be that guy and potentially a top cornerback in a year or two.
"I feel pretty comfortable [in the slot]," Jones said. "I think I am comfortable everywhere I am on the football field. I just go out there and play my assignment, be in the right spot and make plays."
With Danny Amendola and Julian Edelman as the primary punt returners in year's past, the Patriots could go with Jones this year to take some of the pressure off the receivers, who have taken some big hits over the years.
"I'm really comfortable back there," Jones said. "I did it in college, so just like all the other things, trying to come out here, listen to the coaching points and just be consistent. Not drop any balls, have secure ball-handling and use my skills when I get the ball in my hands."
Jones praised all the veterans for helping him in his first training camp and he's just looking to get better every day.
"Just have to come in with the mindset of learn as much as you can, especially in the film room and try and come out here and apply the best you can on the field," he said. "String good days together and continue to progress through camp and into the season."
FOXBORO — After an apparently excused absence that managed to get him out of first day of tr
FOXBORO — After an apparently excused absence that managed to get him out of first day of training camp, linebacker Jamie Collins was back on the field with the rest of his teammates on Friday.
Collins talked with the media following Friday's workout, and said that while he understands why his absence was perceived as a big deal, he wasn't going to offer any information as to why he wasn't at practice with the rest of his teammates.
"That's my business," he said.
The linebacker is one of a handful of potential free agents who will be up for a new deal prior to the start of the 2017 season, a group that includes Dont'a Hightower and Jabaal Sheard. Reportedly, there hasn't been a lot of talk about a new deal for Collins yet when it comes to him re-upping in New England. On Friday, he didn't sound like a guy in a rush to get a new contract completed.
"I'm just handling business, man," Collins said. "That'll take care of itself."
For more Patriots news, check out weei.com/patriots.
FOXBORO — WEEI.com's Mike Petraglia and Chris Price discuss the return of linebacker Jamie Collins to the practice field Friday on Day 2 of Pariots training camp and what it means for the Patriots defense going forward. New tight end Martellus Bennett also made headlines with a couple of colorful quotes comparing working with Jimmy Garoppolo and Tom Brady with his past dating experiences and Brady's competitiveness.
FOXBORO — Even though Tom Brady and Jimmy Garoppolo have plenty of other things to worry about, they've made sure to make sure rookie quarterback Jacoby Brissett is up to speed for his first NFL training camp.
While at times over the first two training camp sessions Brissett has looked like a rookie, there have been other times where he's looked like he's been in the league a few years.
The rookie out of NC State praised Brady and Garoppolo after practice on Friday.
"A lot," he said when asked how much they've helped him. "They've been through this so they've been a great asset to have. Our room has been great."
Added Brissett: "It's great. We've got a great group and we just all help each other and try and get better each day."
Despite almost being 39 years old, Brady has taken the time to give some advice to the rookie.
"[To take it] one day at a time," Brissett said of the advice he's received from Brady. "[I'm] just watching him and Jimmy operate, and seeing how they operate faster and [I'm] trying to get up to their speed."
Brissett knows he has a long way to go, especially being behind Brady and Garoppolo on the depth chart, but he's willing to put the work in.
"It's learning every day," Brissett said. "I won't stop learning, that's for sure."
For more Patriots news, visit weei.com/patriots.
FOXBORO — When it comes to developing chemistry with two different — and new — quarterbacks at the same time, Martellus Bennett doesn't see an issue.
"I've dated two girls at the same time before," the tight end said with a smile shortly after Friday morning practice.
FOXBORO — When it comes to developing chemistry with two different — and new — quarterbacks at the same time, Martellus Bennett doesn't see an issue.
"I've dated two girls at the same time before," the tight end said with a smile shortly after Friday morning practice.
There are only two training camp workouts in the books, and the pads have yet to go on, but it's been hard not to notice Bennett's impact, regardless of who is throwing him the ball. He had a dynamite catch the back of the end zone over Patrick Chung on a pass from Jimmy Garoppolo in 7-on-7 work on Friday, and has showed a nice chemistry with Tom Brady in all phases of work, including their side sessions that also feature Rob Gronkowski.
"Football is just fun. Anytime you get to play is exciting. I ended up on IR, in like, November, so I really haven't had that much football for a long time," he said. "It's like when you break up and finally get back with the girl that you love in the first place. It's been great to be back out there."
He said Friday that working with Garoppolo has been "cool," but it sounds like he's been blown away by his experience with Brady.
"He's been competitive even when we've been working out," he said. "He plays at such a high level that you have to match that level. Oil and vinegar don't mix. You just have to make sure that you rise to the top when he rises to the top as well."
He also reminds some of his new teammates just how lucky they are.
"I just tell them every day, 'Man, you guys are lucky. You guys have been playing with Tom Brady forever.'"
For more Patriots news, check out weei.com/patriots.
FOXBORO — While wide receivers Julian Edelman and Danny Amendola haven't participated yet in the first of two Patriots training camp sessions as they both are on PUP, it would appear they are making strides towards joining the rest of the team.
Edelman had offseason foot surgery after missing significant time last year with a broken foot, while Amendola had minor offseason surgeries on his knee and ankle.
The two were on the field for the second straight day, but didn't participate in any drills. At the beginning of Friday's session the two threw passes back and forth with one another for a good portion of time and then during practice ran hills together for about five minutes.
This is promising news for both of them as if they weren't close to be returning, they wouldn't be doing what they did Friday.
It's especially encouraging for Edelman, as some timelines made it sound like his Week 1 availability was up in the air.
Saturday the team will practice in pads for the first time and while it's highly unlikely the two wide outs return then, their returns could be coming sooner rather than later.
For more Patriots news, visit weei.com/patriots.

subset: commoncrawl


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It has been a decade since the Red Sox have gone to an arbitration hearing with a player. In 2002, the process taking place between the team and pitcher Rolando Arrojo received little notice. This year, however, the stakes will be a bit higher if the Sox end up in front of a panel of three arbitrators.
The Sox and DH David Ortiz are scheduled to have an arbitration hearing in the Vinoy Hotel in St. Petersburg, Fla., Monday. Regardless of the outcome, Ortiz is under contract to the club for 2012. All that arbitration will determine -- if the two sides are not able to find common ground and reach an agreement before the hearing -- is how much he costs the club.
But that matter could be significant for a Sox team that is limiting its expenditures and trying to maximize its financial flexibility this offseason. While general manager Ben Cherington recently said that the team does not feel that the outcome of its arbitration cases would represent a "significant" swing in potential resources, the $3.85 million difference between the salary that Ortiz is requesting ($16.5 million) and the one that the team is offering ($12.65 million) could, in theory, represent the cost of acquiring a player like Matt Garza near the trade deadline.
That being the case, if the Sox and Ortiz end up in an arbitration hearing next week, it would represent a development with meaningful ramifications for the 2012 Red Sox.
Figuring out what's at stake is the easy part. But the opaque world of salary arbitration (a process that is open to neither media nor the public) has all manner of fascinating subplots. Here are a few notable considerations about the potential hearing between Ortiz and the Sox.
Every year, a few free agents accept offers of salary arbitration and thereby pass on the opportunity to take their services to market for the highest bidder. But rarely do players of Ortiz's pedigree take part in the process.
A case can be made that Ortiz is the most prominent free agent to accept an offer of arbitration since Greg Maddux stunned the Braves by accepting such an overture after the 2002 season, a decision that yielded a one-year, $14.75 million deal.
This winter, Ortiz was one of three players to accept an offer of arbitration, joining reliever Francisco Rodriguez and infielder Kelly Johnson. But Rodriguez settled with the Brewers on a one-year, $8 million deal, while Johnson agreed to a one-year, $6.375 million deal with the Blue Jays.
Ortiz, meanwhile, stands as a potential rarity in the arbitration process. Free agents almost never go to hearings. Since 2007, the only ones to do so were Todd Walker (who won his case and then was summarily cut by the Padres in 2007) and Mark Loretta (who lost his case to the Astros prior to the 2008 season). Both were infielders; both were complementary players rather than elite free agents.
Top free agents almost never go the arbitration route. Free agent designated hitters who have gone to hearings? Good luck finding those. (There aren't any instances of such players in at least the last 15 years.)
Suffice it to say that there isn't a lot of precedent for how players like Ortiz might fare in an arbitration hearing.
Ortiz asked for $16.5 million for 2012. The Red Sox made an offer of $12.65 million. In the context of a hearing, those numbers would become only secondary concerns.
If the case goes in front of an arbitration panel, the number to keep in mind is $14.575 million -- the midpoint of the offer by the Sox and the figure requested by Ortiz. The panel will be ruling on whether Ortiz is worth more or less than the midpoint, a decision that is an all-or-nothing proposition.
If the case makes it to a hearing and the arbitrators feel that Ortiz is worth one dollar more than $14.575 million, he would win the case and get the full $16.5 million he's requesting. If the Sox can prove that $14.575 million is too much -- even by a penny -- for the designated hitter's services, then the team would win the case and he would get $12.65 million.
There can be a lot of gamesmanship involved in establishing the midpoint. Indeed, one of the most fascinating parts of the arbitration process comes in the offer stage by the player and the club, since the two sides are trying to anticipate what the other will offer and to build their own offers in an effort that will keep them on the correct side of the midpoint.
Translation: Suppose that the Sox thought that Ortiz had a legitimate case -- not a certainty, but at least a case -- for winning a midpoint of $14 million, but not much more than that. Suppose further that they'd guessed that Ortiz would submit an arbitration request of, say, $15.5 million. The team would want to make an offer that would move the midpoint of its offer and Ortiz's request above $14 million so that it would be on the right side of a verdict.
If the team thought that Ortiz would request $15.5 million, an offer of $12.5 million would establish a $14 million midpoint. Bumping up that offer to $12.65 million -- which happens to be the total earnings that Ortiz made in 2011 between his base salary ($12.5 million) and bonuses for making the All-Star team ($50,000) and winning the Silver Slugger ($100,000) -- would nudge the midpoint north, and thus make the midpoint more winnable for the Sox.
In the end, the two proposals placed the midpoint at $14.575 million. If there's a hearing, while both sides will go into detail about why their proposed salaries are fair, they also will spend time addressing the midpoint, and why Ortiz is worth either more or less than that figure.
Arbitration hearings are based on salaries for comparable players.
In order to win the midpoint, Ortiz will have to prove that he deserves more for the coming year than any DH has ever received for an average annual salary. Here are the biggest contracts ever conferred upon designated hitters:
Travis Hafner, Indians: 4 years, $57 million ($14.25 million AAV) -- a complicated extension signed mid-2007 (at a time when Hafner was amidst a run that suggested he was as impactful a hitter as there was in the game) that covers 2009-12; could also be viewed as a six-year, $66.1 million deal ($11.02 million AAV), since it restructured Hafner's salary for 2007 and his option for 2008
Gary Sheffield, Tigers: 2 years, $28 million extension ($14 million AAV) -- signed prior to 2007 season, covering 2008-09; at the time he signed that contract, Sheffield was still primarily a position player
Adam Dunn, White Sox: 4 years, $56 million ($14 million AAV) -- signed after 2010 season; Dunn had been a first baseman/left fielder to that point in his career, and the White Sox viewed him as primarily a DH but someone who would also see time in the field
David Ortiz, Red Sox: 4 years, $52 million ($13 million AAV) -- signed in 2006 season, covering 2007-10
Victor Martinez, Tigers: 4 years, $50 million ($12.5 million AAV) -- signed after 2010 season by the Tigers, with the initial intention of having him be a DH and backup catcher
David Ortiz, Red Sox: 1 year, $12.5 million ($12.5 million AAV) -- option exercised by Red Sox after 2010 season
Ortiz could try to compare himself (favorably, as it were) to Michael Young of the Rangers, who became the Texas DH last year in the middle of a five-year, $80 million deal ($16 million AAV) that runs from 2009-13. However, Young signed his contract while he was still an everyday shortstop. For the first two years of the deal, he was still an everyday third baseman. Last year, he was a DH in 69 games; he played 90 games at the four infield positions.
In other words, there aren't a lot of good apples-to-apples contract comparisons for Ortiz as someone who is purely (rather than primarily) a DH save for a couple games of interleague. Indeed, one could suggest that Ortiz's contracts are the best points of comparison for Ortiz, since he was purely a DH both when he received his four-year, $52 million deal with the Sox and when the team exercised its option on his contract last winter.
That being the case, Ortiz would have to convince an arbitration panel why he deserves significantly more now than he received when he was amidst a run as a perennial top-five MVP candidate from 2003-07, or why he deserves a significant raise over what he was paid a year ago. After all, for 2011, the $12.65 million that Ortiz received reflected the fact that he was the best in baseball at his position, thanks to a handsome base salary and two different award bonuses (All-Star game, Silver Slugger) that served as a reflection of his status as the top DH in the land.
That said, Ortiz could make the case that he should be compared not just to the pure designated hitters (himself and Travis Hafner when he signed his deal) but also to the other primary designated hitters on that list (Dunn, Martinez, even Young) and even to other sluggers.
In the last two years, Ortiz could suggest, Prince Fielder -- who just cashed in on a nine-year, $214 million deal ($23.78 million AAV) with the Tigers -- has hit .280 with a .408 OBP, .518 slugging mark, .925 OPS, 70 homers and 203 RBI. Ortiz over the last two years is hitting .290 with a .384 OBP, .542 slugging mark, .926 OPS, 61 homers and 198 RBI.
Fielder, Ortiz' side could contend, might have small advantages in terms of his ability to play a defensive position (even if not terribly well) and his recent consistency of performance (more on that in a bit). But, Ortiz' representatives could contend, if Fielder is worth $23.78 million a year, is he really worth roughly $9 million more than Ortiz?
Each side gets one hour to make an initial presentation and then 30 minutes for a rebuttal and closing arguments. The panel can extend the time if there is a particularly lengthy cross-examination.
The argument is structured around the following (per the terms of the last collective bargaining agreement):
-- The quality of the player's contribution to his club during the past season (including but not limited to his overall performance, special qualities of leadership and public appeal);
On this front, Ortiz has a compelling case on multiple fronts. As one person familiar with the process from the agency side said, "It's David freaking Ortiz."
Ortiz can make an appeal that his value to the Red Sox exceeds that of comparable free agents on an open market. He is an iconic player the last link (assuming that neither Jason Varitek nor Tim Wakefield is brought back) to the Sox' two championships, a player whose standing as one of the most popular and successful players in franchise history is significant. That was true in 2011, just as it has been since Ortiz achieved stardom in 2003.
In terms of his on-field performance in 2011, Ortiz also played at a compelling level. Last year, he led all designated hitters in home runs (29), OBP (.398), slugging (.554) and OPS (.953) while finishing second in average (.309) and RBI (96). As to leadership and public appeal, he is obviously a very public face of the franchise, as well as an icon in the game, someone who was named the winner of the Roberto Clemente Award for contributions on and off the field.
Any statistics can be used. However, the panel is not necessarily comprised of baseball experts, and so it is unlikely that elements such as WAR (wins above replacement player) or even OPS+ (a player's OPS relative to his league) would be used. Traditional counting stats like home runs and RBIs remain in vogue, as does batting average and, increasingly, OBP, slugging percentage and OPS.
-- The length and consistency of his career contribution;
Ortiz has had a remarkable career that has established him as one of the greatest designated hitters in baseball history. He has more homers and more RBI than any DH in history. Among the short list of players who spent at least 50 percent of their careers without a glove, Ortiz ranks third in OPS with a .922 mark, behind only Frank Thomas and Edgar Martinez.
However, whereas Ortiz in 2011 returned to perform at a level that was near his offensive output in his extraordinary peak of 2003-07, he was bouncing back from a three-year stretch from 2008-10 in which, while still an excellent player for much of the time (save for two atrocious months to start 2009 and one similarly horrible month to begin 2010), his numbers were clearly down from his peak. That fact is relevant when considering his consistency, and could play into the Sox making a case that Ortiz does not deserve to be compensated now as he was when he signed his last long-term deal in 2006.
Moreover, even though Ortiz continues to post significant power and run production numbers, his 29 homers and 96 RBI in 2011 (both marks that fell outside of the American League top 10) were not as impressive as the 47 homers and 141 RBI he averaged from 2004-06, in the seasons immediately preceding his last contract.
Indeed, the Sox can make the case that a player like Dunn had been more consistent in the years leading up to his four-year, $56 million deal than Ortiz had been leading up to a potential hearing. Dunn's metronomic ability to slam at least 38 homers in seven straight years entering his free agency, along with his annual OPS of .892 or better for four straight years and in six out of seven seasons, not to mention the fact that he was not solely a DH when the White Sox signed him, offer a potential case for the Sox to make that Ortiz has been subject to some inconsistencies that diminish his market value.
-- The record of the player's past compensation;
As mentioned, Ortiz had a four-year, $52 million deal that ran from 2007-10 and included a team option for $12.5 million for 2011. With awards bonuses, he received $12.65 million in 2011.
-- Comparative baseball salaries;
There are many instances in which the market has devalued the pure DH in recent years. A player like Vladimir Guerrero received a one-year, $8 million deal from the Orioles as a free agent last offseason on the heels of a season in which he won a Silver Slugger award as the top DH in the American League. Hideki Matsui, after a fine 2009 season in which he hit 29 homers, had an .876 OPS and ended up winning World Series MVP honors, could find only a one-year, $6 million deal on the open market.
That being the case, the battle for the midpoint also will be a battle for the set of comparables, as Ortiz will want to identify himself with a class that is as broad as possible while the Sox will try to make the case that he should be viewed in as narrow a class as possible.
The question for Ortiz is whether he can convince the panel to view him as comparable to players who have served solely as a DH (such as himself and Hafner), to designated hitters who also play in the field (such as Martinez, Dunn, Young, etc.) or to a class of power hitters at additional positions (most notably, prototypical slugging first basemen) -- with the contracts signed by Albert Pujols and Fielder and Mark Teixeira representing potential talking points for Ortiz).
Ortiz may also try to make the case that, by virtue of his iconic standing within the organization, he deserves a salary that reflects that. After all, the Yankees gave Derek Jeter a three-year, $51 million deal as a free agent after the 2010 season that was wildly out of line with his statistics in no small part because of what he represents in franchise lore.
-- The existence of any physical or mental defects on the part of the player;
Ortiz has played in 145 or more games in seven of the last eight years, so while he has suffered through some injuries over the years (a torn tendon sheath in his wrist in 2008, knee woes that he played through in 2007 and that required surgery after that season, right heel bursitis that cost him a bit more than a week in 2011), health should not play a major role in a hearing.
-- The recent performance record of the club including but not limited to its league standing and attendance as an indication of public acceptance.
Though the Sox have missed the playoffs the last two years, their sellout streak suggests that it will be difficult for the team to suggest that Ortiz has been part of a sinking ship.
The CBA also outlines elements that cannot be considered by an arbitration panel, including the financial position of the player or club; press comments or testimonials; offers by the player or club made prior to arbitration; salaries from other sports; and the luxury tax.
The arbitration panel is supposed to make an effort to submit a verdict within 24 hours of the hearing.
If Ortiz's case ends up in front of an arbitration panel, it would represent a startling development. Indeed, the fact that it has gotten this far remains surprising to multiple industry executives who have taken part in the arbitration process.
Ortiz recently told MLB.com that he wants to resolve the matter and avoid going through the arbitration process, but that he's leaving the matter in the hands of his agents and team officials. Meanwhile, the Sox have a decade-long track record of avoiding arbitration hearings, even though general manager Ben Cherington has acknowledged that it his team is preparing for a hearing with Ortiz should the two sides not settle their differences.
There is still time for the two sides to find middle ground, though the $3.85 million gap between what the Sox offered and what Ortiz requested as well as the fact that the matter remains unresolved suggests that the midpoint is not viewed as a mutually agreeable option.
That, in turn, has brought the Sox closer to an arbitration hearing than they've been at any point since Kevin Youkilis and the team reached a late agreement on a one-year, $3 million deal (more than $100,000 below the midpoint) to avoid arbitration prior to the 2008 season.
All bets are off if the case goes to a hearing. That said, here were the thoughts from a couple of veterans of the arbitration process who are not involved in this case:
"I don't know where he's arriving at that number," said one team executive when informed that Ortiz had requested a $16.5 million salary. "I don't think it's in his benefit at all to go to a hearing. I just don't know where he's coming from."
"It's hard when you don't have a comp. Maybe [Ortiz's side] thinks they do with Pujols and Fielder. We'll see," said a veteran from the agency side. "I think it's a strong case in that it's David Ortiz."
Dale, Michael and Jerry dig into the details of this draft for the Patriots with ESPN's Mike Reiss.
Giardi and Price discuss the Tom Brady appeal getting overturned and Roger Goodell's victory tour. The guys can't believe the victory lap and some of his behavior. The more you listen to him, the more frustrating his behavior becomes.
Giardi and Price break down how the teams in the AFC East altered their futures after the NFL Draft weekend.
Sam Packard is joined by Celtics 2nd Round draft pick Abdel Nader to discuss his path to the the NBA and how he plans to improve his game. Sam then talks to Player Development Coach Nick Friedman from Elite Skills Training, the pre-Draft camp Nader attended. Friedman also gives his opinion on the Celtics performance at summer league and the development of Jaylen Brown.
Isaiah Thomas talks to Glenn and Lou about why he loves Boston, the NBA Money Bump, oh, and some Durant guy
Danny Ainge joins Glenn and Christian to explain the Celtics draft process; and he also discusses the trade rumors that permeated the night.
Drew Pomeranz looked stronger in his second Red Sox start but the offense wasn't there to back him up tonight. Mut recaps the 4-2 loss to the Tigers. Thoughts on the manager, the bullpen, and your Sox calls as well.
Joe Castiglione & Tim Neverett talked to the new Sox reliever, who got his first save for the team today against the Twins.
Christian recaps the Sox 2-1 loss to the Twins. Eduardo Rodriguez had a good showing tonight but couldn't get the run support needed to secure a W. Thoughts on all of that as well as your calls on Red Sox Review.
Joey Mac joins Ken Laird on his Saturday show to discuss the David Backes addition and Loui Eriksson departure in NHL free agency
DJ and Pete continue to assess the season that was for the Bruins and look toward the future for the franchise and how they can improve.
DJ and Pete are together for the final Sunday Skate of the season. They get into their overall thoughts on the season, the Bruins keeping Claude Julien on as head coach and the end-of-season press conferences last week. They discuss the rebuild process, what the Bruins need and how they can obtain it. Plenty of callers have their own theories and opinions on all of these topics as well.
John, Gerry and Bradfo discuss a rare political stance by Michael Jordan, and the ensuing criticism he received from ESPN talking head Kevin Blackistone. A Black Lives Matter discussion ensues.
Rob Bradford is thrust into 'Headlines' duty by John Dennis, and Bradfo does his best to spin a few entertaining news yarns.
Rob Bradford is in studio with Dino and Gerry to discuss Red Sox trade possibilities and to throw cold water on Chris Sale trade chances.
Glenn and Tom Caron talk about Michael Jordan's letter where he calls for a halt to gun violence. They also talk about MJ's timing in using this platform; something he'd not done in the past.
Debbie Wasserman Schultz was booed by her Constituency at a breakfast to kick off the DNC, and Glenn and Tom Caron discuss what that means for the Convention.
Glenn and Tom Caron talk about the Aroldis Chapman trade; looking at what the Cubs gave up, the price for Relievers might be too steep for the Sox to consider.
Dale and Holley close out the show with the day's best sound.
The guys welcome back Michael from vacation and give him crap for his outfit.
We look back at some of the classic temper tantrums of athletes and coaches.
Kirk Minihane is joined by Boston comedy legend Lenny Clarke. If you are a fan of stand up comedy this is the podcast for you. Kirk and Lenny talk about Carlin, Pryor, Williams, Murphy and many more.
Kirk Minihane is joined by former ESPN ombudsman and New York Times writer Robert Lipsyte. Kirk and Robert discuss the current state of ESPN and how Robert feels he did in his role as ombudsman. They both criticize ESPN for the lack of journalism at ESPN and look at some of the curious decisions the world wide leader has made in the past few years.
Kirk Minihane is joined by Lenny Dykstra to talk about his book, his life pleasing older women, and Lenny tries to avoid his past issues with money. This is one explosive episode.
Christian Fauria and Dr Gill talk about what you need to do to be in the best shape to help your golf game. What exercises you should and shouldn't be doing so you can impress on the course.
Uncle Buck breaks down the WWE Draft and the new rosters for Monday Night Raw and Smackdown Live.
This week we look back at the Open Championship.
ESPN's Jackie MacMullan are in studio to discuss the state of the Celtics, including Gerald Green's signing over the weekend and a glut of players on the roster.More from this show
Dino, Gerry and Rob Bradford give their thoughts on the opening night of the Democratic Convention in Philly. Paul Simon, Al Franken, Sarah Silverman, Michelle Obama and Bernie are among those discussed.More from this show
Dino, Gary Tanguay and Jackie MacMullan discuss the state of the presidential race, including whether Donald Trump or Hillary Clinton have driven any voters from one side of the political spectrum to the other.More from this show
John Dennis, Jackie MacMullan and Gary Tanguay discuss the opening of Patriots camp which is just three days away.More from this show
Kirk Minihane is joined by Boston comedy legend Lenny Clarke. If you are a fan of stand up comedy this is the podcast for you. Kirk and Lenny talk about Carlin, Pryor, Williams, Murphy and many more.More from this show


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|Reviews for Razor
| giadadz chapter 12 . 7/13
Beautifully written, I love it! Thank you for writing it, you truly are gifted!
| damariz chapter 12 . 8/7/2014
This story caused me tears and to wake up at 4:30 am to read how it ended. What a an incredible gift you have for words.
| lost0and0found chapter 1 . 3/20/2013
Bitter, intriguing and so Jess... you got me hooked (for which I'm truly grateful) ! Thank you for sharing this :):):)
| Buffychick chapter 12 . 8/21/2011
LOVED this! Great job!
| KallianaCorus chapter 5 . 6/30/2011
Okay, I usually don't review until the end, but I feel like it so your getting at least two reviews from me...
I don't know why I'm reading this. Seriously, absolutly no clue... I am not a Lit fan... I don't dislike Jess, in fact I actually like him a lot, I've just never been able to see anything beyond friendship and, to be honest, I've never tried... So, I don't read Lit and stick to Logan, Finn and Tristan (though how I manage to see her in a relationship with the last two yet not Jess or Dean confuses me) well, actually the Dean thing comes from reading one too many Dean-bashing fics... Anyways, I read the blurby thing more commonly known as a summary and found myself wanting to read it... Still not sure why... And although my opinion about them has not changed even slightly I find myself continueing to read... And since I've been on a Rogan spree it is even weirder that I can stand or read this... So I can't tell you what I think of the story so far because I don't know why I'm still reading it...
And just incase it isn't clear, this is far from a bad story, it's just not something I would usually read...
| kitty j chapter 12 . 6/27/2011
Dearest abc,
Even though I've always been a fan of the Rory/Logan, I love what you're doing here. The emotions are deep and wide. Jess has the opportunity to create his own version of fatherhood, the one he always wanted but no one gave. Rory has the opportunity to live with love and a little sacrifice on her part will bring more joy in the long run. Very, very few people say, 'I wish I had spent more time at work.' when lying on their death bed.
The only thing to worry about right now is how badly is Logan going to misbehave? And Mitchum?
Will they be vindictive or will they rise above it? Can't wait to see what's coming next.
Thank You,
kitty j
| ArianaKristine chapter 12 . 6/20/2011
I love this story. It's all-consuming. Beautifully descriptive, wonderfully character-driven. Both are perfectly in-character, a mere growth from where they were in the series. And even though there is so much pain and worry, there is so much hope. Lovely, lovely fic. Definitely a favorite.
| watram chapter 12 . 6/19/2011
I'm very sad to see this story end, but also very happy and relieved to see it end this way.
I liked Rory's reflections on the baby and things she had to take into consideration, the line about wanting the father to be happy about it was particularly wonderful.
I also thought the things said about Logan were spot on, that's how I imagine him acting too.
Jess being worried about how she was was adorable. He'll make such a great dad, though he'll never admit it.
And I'm so happy to see that Rory finally saw sense and stopped insisting on that job, although Jess didn't want her to drop that idea completely; she's finally showing some maturity, making compromises (that don't really do her much harm either).
You did such a beautiful job with this story, from start to finish. I don't have much to add, just... Thank you. So much.
| Jeremy Shane chapter 12 . 6/19/2011
Good Chapter & More Please
| Sarai chapter 12 . 6/19/2011
Good chaper
| sanfrangiantsfan chapter 11 . 6/17/2011
Another really cute chapter. The picture she had of the little boy was adorable. The would really make good parents together.
| PlrtzGlrb chapter 11 . 6/17/2011
| Jeremy Shane chapter 11 . 6/17/2011
Good Chapter & More Please
| kitty j chapter 11 . 6/16/2011
Dear 79 Alphbet,
Looks like Jess is going to be a daddy. It also looks like he wants it, really wants it. No more running in his future. What a concept. I feel a bit sorry for Rory for having to tell Logan she is moving out. And that she's pregnant. With another man's child. Quite honestly, I think I would avoid some of that gut spilling, but knowing Rory, all the secrets will end up on the floor. She is nothing if not thorough. One crushed and angry Logan coming up. Can I get that with a side of fries? Sorry, bad joke. There's a world of hurt headed our way. Please bring it soon. Hey, just call me a masochist.
Thank You,
kitty j
| watram chapter 11 . 6/16/2011
Just last night I was reading over chapter 10 and wishing we'd get more soon.
And oh my goodness. This story continues to be incredible, though I kind of hate Rory here. When she was opening the envelope, I thought my heart was going to pop out, that's how fast it was beating. And then, the "what was the book?", it was PERFECT. Rory's whole 'vision' was adorable, and the way Jess referenced it there, it was just so beautiful.
Also, for that moment at the end, I actually got a feeling that he was happy. Not just relieved, but genuinely happy, despite the fact that it wasn't said; it just kills me how much more pain she can still cause him.
Going backwards, I just wanted to point out that this line: "He couldn't help but feel pain at the thought of losing what might be the one woman and the one child he wanted to be around for, to love." had a huge effect on me, it was amazing. I kind of regretted that we saw so little of Jess's stay with Rory in her and Logan's apartment, I have so many questions about that, their routine, how close they got, how staying on Logan's turf made Jess feel; but after all this is also what I love about this story: I can never predict what's going to happen and which parts are you going to concentrate on.
To end my review, I'm just going to say that the kiss on the nose was one of the cutest things I've seen in Lit stories. I have melted.
Thank you for this!


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Election Results and Monitoring Website; Design, Developmnt2
This project received 13 bids from talented freelancers with an average bid price of $ USD.Get free quotes for a project like this
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Three Best Free Items on Missoula Craigslist
What are you going to do with all that money I just saved you?
What are you going to do with all that money I just saved you?
Here is a list of the five items we found on the Missoula Craigslist that you wouldn't mind actually having in your possession.
Just before Christmas of 2013, seven individuals were caught in a sex sting operation conducted by several law enforcement agencies, including the Internet Crimes Against Children Task Force.
A Missoula hair stylist, Tracy Scott Pray, was arrested on Tuesday and charged with felony sexual abuse of children.
Convicted child sex offender Donald Gary Town appeared in Missoula Justice Court on Wednesday via video from the Missoula County Jail to hear charges that he attempted to lure who he thought was a 14 year-old boy for sex.
UPDATE - Judge Karen Orzech placed James Scott Richey on $100,000 bail after hearing from Deputy County Attorney Suzie Boylen.
If you have ever seen the Lord of the Rings, you know that rings can harness evil powers. Apparently the man trying to sell a diamond ring on Craigslist believes that claim to be true. Read the description to an epic Craigslist ad.
It never ceases to amaze me the things that are for sale on Craigslist. I enjoy seeing the items that people think they can sell. I'm sure we would all be surprised at what does sell. One of these days, when I have spare time on my hands, I'm going to see what crazy stuff I can sell. Here are a few crazy things I've found on Craigslist this week.
Hey Black Sabbath! We've found your new official drummer! Prepare yourselves, ladies and gentlemen, because no drummer alive has ever embodied the spirit of true, balls to the wall, panty-throwing, boob flashing, rock and roll domination and superiority like this Dave Mustaine-wigged, Los Angeles rock god.
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37 CFR 251.64 - Disposition of petition; initiation of arbitration proceeding.
After the end of the 45-day precontroversy discovery period, and after the Librarian has ruled on all motions and objections filed under § 251.45, the Librarian will determine the sufficiency of the petition, including, where appropriate, whether one or more of the petitioners' interests are "significant." If the Librarian determines that a petition is significant, he or she will cause to be published in the Federal Register a declaration of a controversy accompanied by a notice of initiation of an arbitration proceeding. The same declaration and notice of initiation shall be made for noncommercial educational broadcasting and the satellite carrier compulsory license in accordance with 17 U.S.C. 118 and 119, respectively. Such notice shall, to the extent feasible, describe the nature, general structure, and schedule of the proceeding.
[59 FR 23981, May 9, 1994, as amended at 59 FR 63042, Dec. 7, 1994; 65 FR 39820, June 28, 2000]
Beta! The text on the eCFR tab represents the unofficial eCFR text at ecfr.gov.
This section's status may have changed. It may have been renumbered, reserved, or removed.


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3D Dollar symbol made out of toy blocks
Credit: Paper Boat Creative
Creative #: 103165507
Licence type: Royalty-freeRoyalty-free pricing is based solely on the size of the product you need, not the specific use. You don't have to pay any additional royalties on a use-by-use basis. Once you license a royalty-free product, you may use it multiple times for multiple projects without paying additional fees. (Pornographic, defamatory, libellous or otherwise unlawful use of any image is, of course, prohibited.)
Collection: DigitalVision
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3d Dollar Symbol Made Out Of Toy Blocks Stock IllustrationBanking,Building Block,Business,Colour Image,Coloured Background,Digital Composite,Digitally Generated Image,Dollar Symbol,Economy,Green,Green Background,Growth,No People,Shape,Strength,Studio Shot,Three Dimensional,Vertical,newbusinessPhotographer Paper Boat CreativeCollection: DigitalVision Rebecca van Ommenblocks, pixels, lego, 3D, solid shape


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I am thinking about getting the green cardigan in the Gatsby collection. Will that ever go on sale?
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When is the Next Brooks Brothers Sale? - Page 308post #4606 of 79447/23/13 at 7:15pmpost #4607 of 79447/23/13 at 9:32pm
post #4608 of 79447/23/13 at 10:52pm
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Quote: Ya I have this jacket and I love it. I usually receive compliments, it is one of the most versatile winter pieces I own, and the Loro Piana storm system fabric never disappoints. I got it for a great deal last year, so I am not sure if it justifies the $600 retail, but it is definitely a great piece to own. You can get it down easily to $450 at one of their 25% off sales, and hopefully more with a coupon.post #4609 of 79447/25/13 at 5:02am
post #4610 of 79447/25/13 at 6:37pm
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I don't think Gatsby has been excluded from storewide stuff such as F&F, the last of which coincided with the movie's release. I know some but not all Gatz was reduced during the "summer clearance" sale. The green Nick was not part of the clearance.
Based on that I'd say you'll have to wait for the next F&F or Corporate storewide event.
Note that the retail one has a higher buttoning point than the one in the movie and the piping is also a bit different.post #4611 of 79447/25/13 at 7:35pm
Thanks. I went to BB and returned some shoes and I decided to get the Gatsby OCBD and the cardigan. They didn't have the cardigan in my size so they are sending it from another store.
Yeah I see those differences. In the movie it really looks good on Tobey. I'll try it out and see how it is on me. I just bought a RRL cardigan in faded olive so I might not keep both.
This one:
http://www.ralphlauren.com/product/index.jsp?productId=17408586&cp=2943767.21299886&ab=ln_nodivision_cs6_rrlupto65%25off&view=99&pg=2&parentPage=familypost #4612 of 79447/26/13 at 3:04pm
You should have saved up for the new $498 dress chino.post #4613 of 79447/27/13 at 12:51amQuote:Originally Posted by sjmin209
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You should have saved up for the new $498 dress chino.
Those look nice but I have found a bunch of Zegna pants like that at the thrift store so I am full up in that department. I almost never find cardigans while thrifting. I found a Christian Dior one once but it is Acrylic and it is kind of a weird orange color that is hard to pair with stuff.post #4614 of 79447/27/13 at 6:54am
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post #4617 of 79448/17/13 at 11:35am
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Can someone please help a law student here plan a strategy for buying a quality briefcase during the sales?
I have a BB Corporate Membership and the BB card. The way I see it, I can buy during the Corp Members sale in October (30% off plus 15% kicker with first-time purchase), or early December category-specific sale (40% off leather accessories plus 15% kicker), or after Christmas SA sale (30% off plus 15% after-X-mas only kicker plus 15% off first-time account kicker).
1. Are my discount numbers right for the sales?
2. Should I order online or go to the store and have them order it for me during sales (save shipping)?
3. Although you might save the most money after Christmas, do briefcases sell out fast online/are the server problems not worth losing your shopping cart?
4. Do certain sales exclude the brands I'm targeting i.e. SAB/Peal & Co, JW Hulme, and Brooks Brothers brand?
I'd appreciate any help. Thank you.post #4618 of 79448/17/13 at 11:37amQuote:
My SA told me it was mid October for the Corp event.post #4619 of 79448/17/13 at 11:53ampost #4620 of 79448/17/13 at 2:19pm
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News about reggae music, artists, culture and more...
A few years back with the arrival on the big stage of Reggae music of artists such as Queen Omega, Khari Kill and others, Reggae from out of the home of Soca, Trinidad, was going quite nicely. A few years on and while it seems things have slowed down just a bit, there're still very interesting occurrences, and one of the most recent would definitely be the New Day Riddim from up and coming Trini Reggae label, JahLight Records. This smooth Roots riddim is now set to be released to the rest of the world very shortly.
Appearing on the New Day Riddim are veteran Trini artists such as Mr. Royal [formerly Royal Dainties], King Solomon, Ras Pilot and Gounzman whose tune on the riddim, What Monkey See, was reportedly quite the local hit in Trinidad.
Listen to a quick sample of the New Day Riddim courtesy of JahLight Records and then pick up the full edition when it drops on etailers everywhere, December 7.
|Posted by jahlight on 11.13.2010
|Big up everytime. Give thanks. Jah bless.
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