text:
Is the EPA unhinged?
While most shippers want to strip the complexity out of the supply chain, government regulators are adding on layers of new rules for the nation's two biggest seaports.
in the NewsState of Logistics 2016: Pursue mutual benefit Outsourcing the Indirect Supply Chain Accraply acquires Harland Machine Systems of England Q&A: Abtin Hamidi, chief vice president and co-founder of CargoChief Diesel prices head down for third straight week, reports EIA More News
While most shippers want to strip the complexity out of the supply chain, government regulators are adding on layers of new rules for the nation's two biggest seaports.
That's the contention held by the Pacific Merchant Shipping Association, which says that enough is enough when it comes to adding to the "alphabet soup" of agencies charged with oversight.
This new process is called an HIA, or Health Impact Assessment. Earlier this year the EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) began a process to potentially add this new acronym to the list.
According to shippers, the consultant that EPA selected to head this process—the only entity that seems to understand what an HIA is—"has been either unwilling or unable to communicate that understanding to those of us who have asked simple and basic questions about what an HIA is, what it covers, who is responsible for preparing it, who is responsible for funding it, and who is responsible for deciding when it is finished."
Finally, shippers ask: "Why is it needed?"
Without saying that the current environmental review process is perfect, or that it can't be improved, many shippers maintain that the creation of yet another environmental evaluation process is not the answer.
Indeed, just when container volumes are returning to Los Angeles and Long Beach, any effort to stifle port development may influence vessel deployments in the coming years.
About the AuthorPatrick Burnson, Executive Editor Patrick Burnson is executive editor for Logistics Management and Supply Chain Management Review magazines and web sites. Patrick is a widely-published writer and editor who has spent most of his career covering international trade, global logistics, and supply chain management. He lives and works in San Francisco, providing readers with a Pacific Rim perspective on industry trends and forecasts. You can reach him directly at [email protected]
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Article TopicsContainer · Shipping · Supply Chain ·
2016 State of Logistics: Third-party logistics 2016 State of Logistics: Ocean freight View More From this Issue


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Noel Gallagher Trained Ewan McGregor to be a JediApparently the two were neighbors at the time McGregor was cast as Obi-wan Kenobi.
Blur and Oasis Agree about 'Brexit'Members of Blur and Oasis agree on one thing: Great Britain's exit from the European Union ("Brexit") is cause for grief, not celebration.
JACK's Inside Track: OasisReady for an Oasis reunion?
Liam Gallagher Hilariously Refutes Oasis Reunion RumorsGallagher refers to his brother's head as a potato.
JACK's Inside Track: OasisWhat fuels Noel Gallagher's creativity?
Paul McCartney's Advice to Oasis' Gallaghers: Make Up & 'Make Some Good Music'Easier said than done, but can you deny a Beatle?
JACK's Inside Track: OasisIn the immortal words of the great philosopher Rodney King—"Can't we all get along?"
Noel Gallagher's High Flying Birds Announce Sophomore Album, 'Chasing Yesterday' with First Single, 'In the Heat of the Moment': ListenIt's been over three years since Gallagher's new outfit has released a full-length album.
Pharrell Wants to Reunite & Collaborate With the Gallagher BrothersPharrell's Producer of the Year GRAMMY might have gone straight to his head or at least his hat, since he's making some crazy suggestions about who he'd like to work with next.
Noel Gallagher Looks Back in Anger at Old Oasis VideosLove or loathe him, it's hard to deny that Oasis guitarist Noel Gallagher is one of rock's most consistently entertaining and genuinely hilarious characters
JACK's Inside Track: OasisLook, just cuz it's the 20th anniversary of Oasis' big breakthrough album, don't go expectin' Noel Gallagher to care!
Q&A: Dave Davies Talks Documentary, Oasis as The Kinks 2.0, Rock Hall NomsSpeaking with Kinks guitarist Dave Davies, it's almost difficult not to focus on that riff.


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Conceived and designed the experiments: IW CB RM. Performed the experiments: IW GC AT RB RM. Analyzed the data: IW GC AT RB RM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: TH. Wrote the paper: IW.
Transcriptional repression of ribosomal components and tRNAs is coordinately regulated in response to a wide variety of environmental stresses. Part of this response involves the convergence of different nutritional and stress signaling pathways on Maf1, a protein that is essential for repressing transcription by RNA polymerase (pol) III in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here we identify the functions buffering yeast cells that are unable to down-regulate transcription by RNA pol III. MAF1 genetic interactions identified in screens of non-essential gene-deletions and conditionally expressed essential genes reveal a highly interconnected network of 64 genes involved in ribosome biogenesis, RNA pol II transcription, tRNA modification, ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis and other processes. A survey of non-essential MAF1 synthetic sick/lethal (SSL) genes identified six gene-deletions that are defective in transcriptional repression of ribosomal protein (RP) genes following rapamycin treatment. This subset of MAF1 SSL genes included MED20 which encodes a head module subunit of the RNA pol II Mediator complex. Genetic interactions between MAF1 and subunits in each structural module of Mediator were investigated to examine the functional relationship between these transcriptional regulators. Gene expression profiling identified a prominent and highly selective role for Med20 in the repression of RP gene transcription under multiple conditions. In addition, attenuated repression of RP genes by rapamycin was observed in a strain deleted for the Mediator tail module subunit Med16. The data suggest that Mediator and Maf1 function in parallel pathways to negatively regulate RP mRNA and tRNA synthesis.
The Maf1 protein is an essential negative regulator of transcription by RNA polymerase III in S. cerevisiae and functions to integrate responses from diverse nutritional and stress signaling pathways that coordinately regulate ribosome and tRNA synthesis. These signaling pathways are not well-defined, and efforts to understand the role of Maf1 in this process have been complicated by a lack of known functional motifs in the protein and by a paucity of direct physical interactions with Maf1. To understand the biological importance of down-regulating RNA polymerase III transcription and to identify functional relationships with Maf1, we employed synthetic genetic array (SGA) analysis. We show that the genetic neighborhood around Maf1 is highly interconnected and enriched for a small number of functional categories, most of which are logically linked to the function of Maf1 as the regulator of RNA polymerase III transcription. We found that deletions in a subset of MAF1 SSL genes, including subunits of the RNA polymerase II Mediator complex, lead to defects in transcriptional repression of ribosomal protein (RP) genes. Since Mediator subunits are not efficiently cross-linked to RP genes in chromatin, our results suggest that Mediator interactions with these highly expressed genes are fundamentally different from many other genes.
Nuclear gene transcription in proliferating cells is dedicated primarily to the synthesis of ribosomes and tRNAs. As illustrated by studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the doubling of cell mass with each cell cycle involves the production of ~200,000 ribosomes along with 3–6 million molecules of tRNA and consumes >80% of the nucleotides needed for transcription during this ~100 minute interval [1]–[3]. This expenditure of metabolic energy is tightly regulated by diverse signaling pathways that sense the quality and quantity of nutrients or environmental stresses [1],[2]. Under conditions that are unfavorable for cell growth, transcription of rDNA and tRNA genes by RNA pols I and III and RNA pol II transcription of ribosomal protein (RP) genes is rapidly and coordinately repressed [1],[4]. Current evidence suggests that this coordinate response results from the convergence of specific signaling pathways on one or more transcription components in each polymerase system [4]–[9] and references therein. However, substantial gaps in understanding remain concerning the components and structure of these pathways, their targets and mechanisms of action.
Studies on RP gene transcription have identified several regulatory factors including Sfp1, Rap1, Fhl1, Ifh1 and Crf1 [5]–[7],[9] and references therein but it is unclear how these proteins communicate with the general RNA pol II transcription machinery. In contrast to this complexity, a single negative regulatory protein, Maf1, appears to serve as the conduit through which all repression signals pass in order to affect transcription by RNA pol III [4],[10]. The Maf1 protein interacts directly with Brf1, a subunit of the initiation factor TFIIIB, as well as RNA pol III and these interactions inhibit the assembly and function of TFIIIB-DNA complexes in vitro [10],[11]. The functional importance of these interactions is supported by their conservation from yeast to humans [12]. The essential role of Maf1 in the repression of RNA pol III transcription demonstrates a capacity to integrate responses from multiple nutritional and stress signaling pathways that coordinately regulate ribosome and tRNA synthesis [13]. This property of Maf1 provides unique opportunities to examine the mechanisms of signal integration, the nature of the upstream pathways, their downstream targets and their effects on the transcription machinery.
Yeast strains deleted for MAF1 are viable and exhibit wild-type growth rates even though 10–15% of nuclear gene transcription is refractory to repression [2]. Maf1 does not contain any motifs of known function and evidence from a variety of sources suggests that the majority of Maf1 in yeast is not stably associated with other proteins under normal or repressing conditions: Co-immunoprecipitation experiments find only 10–20% of cellular Maf1 associated with RNA pol III and <1% of Maf1 associated with Brf1 [10],[11]. No other significant interactions have been found by affinity purification and mass spectrometry of protein complexes in yeast or in genome-wide two hybrid screens [14]. Given the limited physical interactions of Maf1, we initiated a study of its functional relationships using synthetic genetic array (SGA) analysis. The local genetic neighborhood around MAF1 is highly interconnected and enriched for components of several protein complexes involved in ribosome biogenesis and RNA pol II transcription. We show that genetic interactions between MAF1 and subunits of the RNA pol II Mediator complex, in particular MED20, are functionally linked by a common role in repression of tRNA and RP gene transcription, respectively.
A maf1Δ strain was screened in triplicate against an ordered array of ~4700 viable gene-deletion strains and the relative growth of the double mutants was scored by computer-based image analysis [15]. Random spore analysis was then used to validate candidate genetic interactions. The initial list of MAF1 SSL interactions contained 35 genes (Figure 1 and Table S1). Subsequently, the analysis was extended to an array of ~800 strains containing different essential genes under tetracycline (Tet) promoter control [16]. Consistent with the ~five-fold higher interaction density of essential genes in synthetic genetic networks [17], an additional 29 SSL interactions were validated by random spore analysis from triplicate screens of a maf1Δ query strain against the Tet-promoter array. The entire collection of 64 genes exhibiting synthetic interactions with MAF1 is highly enriched for a small number of functional categories, several of which are logically linked to the function of Maf1 as a transcriptional regulator of RNA pol III genes. Notably, 40% of MAF1 SSL genes (26/64 genes, p<7.0E-18) are involved in ribosome biogenesis or translation (Table S1). Other functional categories that are represented at significantly higher frequencies than expected by chance include RNA pol II transcription (9 genes, p<5.0E-4), tRNA modification (6 genes, p<4.0E-6) and ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis (5 genes, p<7.9E-3). These data suggest important functional relationships between MAF1 and the genes within these categories [18].
To determine the relationships between the genes in the MAF1 genetic interaction network, each SSL gene was queried against the BioGRID database [14] to compile a list of known genetic and physical interactions. These interactions were then superimposed on the set of MAF1 SSL genes and the overlap was displayed graphically using Osprey software (Figure 2). The resulting interaction network is remarkably coherent; 70% (45/64) of MAF1 SSL genes are connected by genetic or protein-protein interactions to one or more genes in the network. The majority of these interactions (47 gray edges out of 54 total interactions, Figure 2) were determined from multiple studies by affinity purification and mass spectrometry [14] and identify components of several well known macromolecular complexes (the 26S proteasome, the ssu processome, the exosome, pre-ribosomal processing intermediates, the cytoplasmic Lsm complex, the TFIID and SAGA complexes and the RNA pol II Mediator complex). The connectivity between these complexes suggests that a relatively small number of biological explanations could account for the ability of MAF1 SSL genes to buffer cells that are unable to down-regulate RNA pol III transcription (see below and in the Discussion).
Within the broad functional category of ribosome biogenesis, defects in the synthesis of the large or small ribosomal subunits resulting from impaired rRNA processing, reduced levels of ribosomal proteins or their inefficient assembly yield synthetic phenotypes with MAF1. Interestingly, some of these genes (TIF6 and several RPL genes) have previously been shown to block repression of rDNA and RP gene transcription following interruption of the secretory pathway [19],[20]. Similarly, the genetic interaction between UTP22 and MAF1 (Figure 2) suggests a functional relationship between the transcription and processing of the large rRNAs and the transcription of RP and RNA pol III genes. These functional associations reflect the role of Utp22 as a subunit of both the ssu processome and the CURI complex [21],[22]. Based on these results, we hypothesized that other MAF1 SSL genes in the ribosome biogenesis category, along with genes in some of the other functional categories, might play a role in regulating the transcription of ribosomal components. Indeed, a survey of all the non-essential MAF1 SSL genes revealed that rapamycin-mediated transcriptional repression of RP genes was substantially attenuated in RPL20B, MRT4, KEM1, BUD20, LSM1 and MED20 mutant strains (Figure S1A and S1B). Relative to the untreated wild type and mutant controls, northern analysis of the affected strains showed that the levels of RPL3 and RPL28 mRNAs following rapamycin treatment were elevated three to nine fold over wild type (Figure S1B). Along with the elevated levels of RP mRNAs that are seen in cells depleted for Utp22 and Tif6 [20],[22], it appears that a subset of MAF1 SSL genes is associated with defects in the repression of RP gene transcription.
In light of the preceding observations, we were especially intrigued that Med20 (Srb2), a non-essential subunit from the head module of the Mediator complex, was among the MAF1 SSL genes exhibiting defects in the repression of RP genes. Given that the role of the head module of Mediator and of Med20 specifically, is not typically associated with transcriptional repression, we confirmed the effect of deleting MED20 on RPL3 and RPL28 mRNA levels by northern analysis of multiple biologically independent samples (Figure S1C). In these experiments, rapamycin-mediated repression in the med20Δ strain was reduced 2.6–5.0 fold relative to the wild-type strain. This result led us to question why only one subunit of the 25 subunit Mediator complex [23] was identified as having a genetic interaction with MAF1 (Figure 2). Estimates of the false negative rate in SGA screens [18] and potential differences in the strength of the synthetic phenotype suggested that other Mediator subunit deletion strains might exhibit fitness defects in combination with a deletion of MAF1. To examine these possibilities, direct random spore tests were performed on an additional nine deletion strains representing Mediator subunits from the other three structural modules of the complex; the middle, tail and Cdk modules. Growth of the haploid meiotic products was conducted at 30°C and at elevated temperatures since we had noted that MAF1 SSL phenotypes were frequently stronger under these conditions. This is illustrated for the med20Δ maf1Δ strain which shows conditional synthetic lethality at or above 35°C (Figure 3 and Figure S2B). While none of the other tested Mediator subunit deletion strains exhibited fitness defects with maf1Δ at 30°C, eight of the nine deletion strains showed reduced viability and/or slow growth at higher temperatures (Figure 3 and data not shown). Notably, deletion of MED16 (SIN4) conferred conditional synthetic lethality at 37°C. Consistent with the fact that loss of MED16 dissociates a set of physically interacting tail module subunits (including Med2, Med3, Med15) from the rest of the complex [24], a similar conditional synthetic phenotype was observed with deletion of MED3. In summary, these results extend the functional relationship between MAF1 and MED20 inferred from their genetic interaction at 30°C to subunits in every structural module of the Mediator complex.
The finding that multiple Mediator subunits interact genetically with MAF1 suggests that Mediator and Maf1 function in parallel pathways. We considered that these buffering pathways might involve the transcriptional response to conditions that repress ribosome and tRNA synthesis since the role of Maf1 in repressing RNA pol III transcription entails the integration of signals that coordinately regulate these processes [4],[10],[13]. To examine the function of Med20 under repressing conditions, we conducted microarray experiments in wild-type and med20Δ strains that had been treated (or not) with rapamycin to inhibit TOR signaling (microarray data are available at the National Center for Biotechnology Information GEO database under accession number GSE11397). Messenger RNA representing each of the four conditions (wild-type, med20Δ, ±rapamycin) was used to prepare Cy5- and Cy3-labeled cDNAs. Pairs of dye-reversed cDNA samples were then hybridized to spotted arrays of yeast ORFs. The resulting data were filtered to select genes whose expression increased or decreased two-fold or more in any of the four pairwise comparisons (med20Δ/MED20, MED20±rapamycin, med20Δ±rapamycin and med20Δ+rapamycin/MED20+rapamycin, Table S2) and then subjected to hierarchical clustering (Figure 4). Several important conclusions emerged from these experiments: (i) Deletion of MED20 does not appreciably affect the global pattern of gene expression under normal growth conditions: Only 116 genes were affected beyond the two-fold cutoff in our experiments. Using the same criteria, even fewer genes were affected in a previously reported comparison of unstressed wild-type and med20Δ strains [25] (see Text S1). An analysis of the combined datasets for shared GO Bioprocess terms indicates that major cellular process such as ribosome biogenesis and assembly, translation, transcription, the organization and biogenesis of the nucleus, membranes and the cytoskeleton, as well as other processes, are largely or entirely unaffected by deletion of MED20 (Table S3). In particular, the expression of genes involved in the synthesis, processing or function of RNA pol III transcripts is not affected in the med20Δ strain and RNA pol III gene transcription is effectively repressed by rapamycin treatment in the absence of MED20 (Figure S2A). Thus, a function for Med20 in RNA pol III transcription can be discounted as an explanation for its genetic interaction with MAF1. (ii) Rapamycin treatment of the wild-type strain showed a characteristic response with the induction and repression of specific sets of genes representing ~20% of the genome (Figure 4, Text S1, and Figure S3). As reported in other studies ([26] and references therein), RP genes and genes of the Ribi regulon involved in ribosome biogenesis and related functions were strongly repressed by rapamycin while general amino acid control genes and many other Gcn4-regulated genes were strongly induced (Text S1). (iii) Within the group of rapamycin-responsive genes, deletion of MED20 selectively diminished the level of induction and repression (Figure 4). For example, the level of activation of a subset of Gcn4-regulated genes was attenuated significantly: Of the 197 genes whose expression after rapamycin treatment was 2–12 fold lower in the med20Δ strain than in the wild-type strain, 74 (38%) were Gcn4 targets (p=1E-32). Notably, genes involved in amino acid biosynthesis and related metabolic processes were highly enriched within this group (25 genes, GOID 6519, p=7.34E-19, Figure 4C). These results are consistent with the requirement for Mediator in the activation of specific Gcn4-regulated genes [24],[27] and extend this requirement to a larger group of Gcn4-target promoters by identifying a critical role for Med20 in their activation following rapamycin treatment. In addition, we found 97 out of 138 RP genes among the 170 genes whose expression following rapamycin treatment was 2 to 6-fold higher in the med20Δ strain than in the treated wild-type strain (Figure 4B, Table S2). In agreement with our expectations from northern blotting of specific RP mRNAs (Figure S1), deletion of MED20 compromises the repression of RP genes by rapamycin. The attenuated repression of RP genes in the absence of Med20 is highly specific as repression of genes in the Ribi regulon, which show nearly identical transcriptional responses under many different environmental conditions [5],[28], was unaffected: Similar numbers of Ribi genes were down-regulated by rapamycin in both wild-type and med20Δ strains (125 and 133 genes, respectively, above the two-fold cutoff). Moreover, only six Ribi genes (statistically equivalent to a random distribution) were found among the 170 genes exhibiting a two-fold or higher difference in expression when comparing rapamycin-treated med20Δ and wild-type strains. Thus, the data indicate a unique and highly selective requirement for a head module subunit of Mediator in the repression of RP gene transcription by rapamycin.
RP genes are coordinately down-regulated under a wide variety of nutrient-limiting and stress conditions [1],[28]. Virtually all of these conditions also cause Maf1-dependent repression of RNA pol III transcription [4],[10],[13]. Given the essential function of Maf1 in conveying the signals from diverse pathways to the RNA pol III transcription machinery, we were interested to know whether Med20 serves a general or condition-specific role in repressing RP gene transcription. Microarray profiles were generated from pairs of fluor-reversed experiments where wild-type and med20Δ strains were treated with tunicamycin, chlorpromazine (CPZ), hydrogen peroxide or mild heat stress (29–39°C). In addition, expression profiles of the two strains were compared following the diauxic shift from glucose fermentation to respiratory metabolism. All of these conditions repress dramatically the transcription of RP genes [1],[28]. Clustergram comparisons of 1063 genes whose expression differed two-fold or more in any of the six conditions (including rapamycin), revealed similar profiles for rapamycin, tunicamycin, and CPZ treatments along with post-diauxic cells (Figure S4). These similarities were especially pronounced for RP genes (Figure 5), which were highly enriched among the genes exhibiting attenuated repression in the med20Δ strain (p values ranged from 1.85E-9 to 1.7E-128). These data suggest an integral role for Med20 in the repression of RP gene transcription under four of the six conditions. In contrast, no significant contribution of Med20 was evident in the down-regulation of RP genes under conditions of oxidative or mild heat stress (Figure 5). The lack of an effect on RP genes in these experiments is apparently specific since deletion of MED20 clearly affected other responses (Figure S4). For example, the induction of many heat shock genes was increased in the med20Δ strain following heat stress (11 out of 62 genes above the two-fold cutoff, p=2.42E-8, Table S4). The recruitment of Mediator to heat shock genes and its requirement for gene activation by heat stress is well known [29],[30] although a role for Med20 in this process has not previously been described. Similarly, the characteristic induction of many oxidative stress and heat shock response genes in hydrogen peroxide-treated cells was also increased substantially in the med20Δ strain (17 out of 260 genes, p=1.16E-7, Table S4). The contribution of Med20 in this response is consistent with previous work demonstrating the importance of Cdk module inactivation for the induction of oxidative stress response genes [31].
Expression profiling of Mediator subunit deletion strains under normal growth conditions has revealed epistatic relationships and a pathway of signal transduction between specific Mediator subunits [25]. This led us to examine the role of subunits in the middle, tail and Cdk modules of Mediator in the repression of RP gene transcription by rapamycin. In contrast to the deletion of MED20 in the head module, deletions of MED31 and CYCC in the middle and Cdk modules, respectively, had no detectable effect on the repression of RP genes at 30°C relative to the wild-type strain (Figure 5, Table S5). Repression of RP gene transcription was also examined by northern analysis in a strain deleted for MED13 (SRB9). This subunit in the repressive Cdk module is a direct target of protein kinase A (PKA) and TOR kinase signaling is thought to control ribosome biogenesis in part by antagonizing the Ras/PKA pathway [32],[33]. However, the wildtype and MED13 deletion strains showed no differences in their response to rapamycin (data not shown). These results are consistent with the genetic interaction data in that synthetic phenotypes between MAF1 and Mediator subunits from the middle and Cdk modules were not apparent at 30°C but were only revealed at 37°C (Figure 3). Deletion of MED16 (SIN4) in the tail module showed a modest reduction in the extent of repression of RP genes at 30°C (1.5±0.2 fold relative to wild-type for the 121 RP genes yielding signals in the repressed gene set, Figure 5, Table S5). This effect is consistent with the difference in the strength of the synthetic phenotypes of the med16Δ maf1Δ and the med20Δ maf1Δ strains at 30°C. Considering that these double mutant strains are both synthetically lethal at elevated temperatures (Figure 3), the findings indicate that Med16 plays a minor role relative to Med20 in rapamycin repression of RP genes under normal growth conditions.
The large (>1 MDa) Mediator complex is organized into four structurally distinct modules, the head, middle, tail and Cdk modules, and functions to transduce regulatory information from DNA–bound activators and repressors to the general RNA pol II transcription machinery [23],[34],[35]. In addition to its role in regulating transcription, studies with temperature-sensitive head module subunits (e.g. Med17/Srb4) have suggested that Mediator is essential for all transcription in vivo [36]. This is supported by the ability of Mediator to stimulate basal transcription in vitro and by the temperature-sensitivity of this stimulation in extracts of an srb4-138 mutant strain [37]. Recently, the ubiquitous function of Mediator in transcription has been questioned based on chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments showing that the association of Mediator and RNA pol II with many actively transcribed genes is not correlated [29]. Indeed, the observation that Mediator associates very poorly with the enhancer regions of RP and glycolytic genes, which together account for 50% or more of RNA pol II transcription in actively growing cells [1], has suggested that Mediator may not be required for their transcription [29]. Other groups have reported Mediator associations with the coding regions of highly expressed genes [38],[39]. However, Mediator binding ratios in RP coding regions are also very low (e.g. an average binding ratio of 1.3 was determined from 28 experiments versus 4.3 from 13 experiments for RNA pol II, [38]). Our examination of the molecular basis for synthetic fitness defects between Maf1 and different Mediator subunits has revealed a prominent role for a non-essential head module subunit, Med20, in the repression of RP gene transcription under several different conditions. Together with similar observations for a tail module subunit, Med16, our results bear directly on the issue of Mediator involvement in RP gene transcription.
Studies published to date have attributed the head module of Mediator with a largely positive role in transcription [25]; negative regulation by head module subunits under specific nutritional or environmental conditions has not been reported. We find that Med20 functions both positively and negatively on different subsets of genes under a range of environmental conditions (Figures 4, ,55 and Figure S4). For the induction of Gcn4-regulated genes by rapamycin, the effect of deleting MED20 is consistent with other reports showing reduced recruitment of Mediator by promoter-bound Gcn4 and diminished transcriptional activation of Gcn4-controlled genes when Med20 or subunits of the tail module are deleted [24],[27]. For RP genes, where the association of Mediator by ChIP is poor, the evidence supporting a direct role for Mediator in repression is based on the specificity of the response and the fact that changes in gene expression in unstressed med20Δ cells are minimal and are unlikely to impact RP gene transcription ([25] and see below). RP and Ribi genes show nearly identical transcription responses to environmental and genetic perturbation [5],[28] even though the promoters of these genes generally contain different cis-acting elements (Rap1 and/or Abf1 sites for RP genes, PAC and/or RRPE elements for Ribi genes). Despite these differences, both sets of genes are regulated by Sfp1 in response to nutrients and stress conditions including rapamycin [5]. The fact that the Ribi genes are repressed normally by rapamycin in med20Δ strains whereas the repression of RP genes is attenuated indicates that the TOR signaling pathway mediating this response is not impaired and suggests that the differences in repression are likely independent of Sfp1. Molecular genetic, biochemical and structural studies indicate that deletion of MED20 does not significantly perturb the overall structure of Mediator: The absence of Med20 does not affect the assembly of other head module subunits into a stable complex [40] or the association of the head module with other modules of Mediator [23],[24],[41]. These data together with the crystal structure of a Med8-C-Med18-Med20 submodule and EM images suggest that Med20 occupies a peripheral position in the head module and in the complete complex [40],[41]. In support of the limited structural effects of deleting MED20, the expression profile of unstressed med20Δ cells shows that only a small number of genes are affected (Figure 4, Table S3, [25]). Importantly, the annotated functions of this small group of genes do not reveal changes in transcription or other processes that might indirectly account for the attenuated repression of RP genes. Given the data indicating that Mediator is essential for all RNA pol II transcription [36],[37], our findings are consistent with a direct effect of Mediator on RP gene transcription under specific repressing conditions. However, as noted above, Mediator subunits are not efficiently cross-linked to RP genes in ChIP assays [29],[38],[39]. We infer from this that the nature of the interactions between Mediator and RP genes is fundamentally different from other genes that exhibit robust Mediator ChIP signals. One possibility is that the function of Mediator on RP genes may require only a transient association. Alternatively, the physical nature of the interaction between Mediator and the nucleoprotein complexes assembled on RP genes may not be compatible with its efficient crosslinking. Focusing on the prominent effect of Med20 (Figure 4), a third explanation is that this protein functions independently of the Mediator complex in the repression of RP genes. While we cannot exclude this possibility, it does not account for the attenuated repression observed when the tail module subunit Med16 is deleted (Figure 5 and Table S5). Moreover, the synthetic interactions between MAF1 and Mediator subunits representing each structural module of the complex imply that a function of Mediator, not just Med20, underlies the functional relationship with Maf1. As discussed below, a growing body of evidence supports the view that this relationship involves the coordinate regulation of ribosome and tRNA synthesis. Given the role of Maf1 in repressing RNA pol III transcription, an analogous role for Mediator in RP gene transcription is consistent with the typical interpretation of SSL interactions, namely, that the genes function in parallel pathways. Therefore, we suggest that Mediator and Maf1 function at the downstream end of distinct signaling pathways to negatively regulate RP mRNA and tRNA synthesis, respectively.
Unlike deletion of MAF1, which quantitatively blocks repression of RNA pol III transcription [4], deletion of MED20 only attenuates repression of RP genes. Thus, the signaling pathways that repress RP genes must have multiple targets within the RNA pol II transcription machinery. Besides Mediator, what other transcriptional targets are involved in the repression of RP genes? Previous work has identified Crf1 as a TOR kinase-regulated corepressor of RP genes [7]. We tested whether deletion of CRF1, either by itself or in combination with a deletion of MED20 could affect rapamycin-mediated repression of RP genes in the SGA strain background (S288C). Although we generated the crf1Δ strains de novo, northern analysis of multiple RNA samples did not reveal any quantitative differences compared to the controls (data not shown). This result is consistent with findings in the W303 strain background [42], indicating that the corepressor function of Crf1 at RP genes is strain-specific. Other observations suggest that the TFIID complex may participate in the repression of RP genes. TFIID occupancy of RP genes is high [43] and the transcription of RP genes is strongly TFIID-dependent [44]. This dependence reflects both a core promoter recognition function and a coactivator function of TFIID on these promoters [44],[45]. Our SGA screens identified synthetic fitness defects between MAF1 and five TAFs, two of which (TAF8 and TAF11) are unique to the TFIID complex [43]. The basis for these genetic interactions may be similar to MED20. In other words, synthetic growth defects may result, in part, from the inability to repress RNA pol III transcription coupled with attenuated repression of RP gene transcription. This interpretation is consistent with the identification of genetic interactions between MAF1 and genes in the ribosome biogenesis category (TIF6 and several RPL genes), where functional insufficiencies are known to block the repression of rDNA and RP gene transcription following interruption of the secretory pathway [19],[20]. Another link to transcriptional control of ribosome synthesis is provided by the genetic interaction between UTP22 and MAF1. UTP22 encodes one of three essential gene products (the others being Ifh1 and Rrp7) that associate with casein kinase II (CK2) to form the CURI complex [22]. This complex is thought to coordinate two parallel pathways necessary for ribosome synthesis, namely, the transcription and processing of pre-rRNA and the transcription of ribosomal protein genes. The presence of CK2 in the complex further strengthens the proposed functional association between MAF1 and ribosome synthesis based on studies of CK2 in the transcriptional response of RNA pols I and III to DNA damage [46]. Finally, we found that nearly one-fifth of the MAF1 SSL genes identified in the non-essential gene-deletion array are associated with defects in the repression of RP gene transcription (Figure S1). These observations support our hypothesis that the genetic interaction between MAF1 and MED20 is related to the combination of defects in the repression of RNA pol III and RP gene transcription. This interpretation does not exclude the possibility that other changes in the maf1 med20 double mutant strain may contribute to its synthetic phenotype. Given the genetic interactions of MAF1 with subunits of Mediator and the TFIID complex, our identification of a negative regulatory function for Med20 at RP genes suggests a possible relationship with TFIID in this process since the head module of Mediator contains a multipartite TBP-binding site that includes a direct interaction between TBP and Med20 [41].
In addition to genes involved in ribosome biogenesis and transcription, our SGA analysis of MAF1 revealed a significant functional relationship with enzymes involved in tRNA modification (Figure 2, Table S1). This group of interactions supports a previous proposal concerning the paradoxical anti-suppressor phenotype of maf1Δ strains. Loss of MAF1 function causes a significant increase in the cellular level of mature tRNA (from ~10% to ~25% of total RNA) yet the activity of the SUP11-o nonsense suppressor decreases [47]. This anti-suppressor phenotype was suggested to result from incomplete isopentenylation of an adenine base (A37, adjacent to the anticodon) which is important for tRNA decoding efficiency. A recent study of synthetic interactions between certain non-essential tRNA modifying enzymes has highlighted their function in tRNA stability and cell survival [48]. Our findings demonstrate that tRNA modifications become critical in the maf1Δ strain since the additional loss of any one of six tRNA modifying enzymes results in a synthetic growth defect (Figure 1). We anticipate that an analysis of the genetic interactions between MAF1 and this group of enzymes will provide new insights into their biological function.
Triplicate SGA screens of a maf1Δ query strain (Y6338 Matα can1Δ::MFA1pr-HIS3 lyp1Δ ura3Δ0 leu2Δ0 his3Δ1 met15Δ0 maf1Δ::natR) were performed against the non-essential gene-deletion array (~4700 strains) and against an array of conditionally-expressed essential genes (~800 Tet-promoter strains). Each screen was conducted with duplicate copies of the array in a 768 colony per plate format as described previously [15],[17],[18]. In Tet-promoter array screens, the haploid double mutant strains were scored for growth on medium with and without doxycycline (10 µg/ml). Visual inspection and computer-based analysis of digital images was used to identify double mutant strains exhibiting fitness (growth) defects [18] relative to a control set of double mutants obtained using strain Y5518 (Matα mfa1Δ::MFA1pr-HIS3 lyp1Δ ura3Δ0 leu2Δ0 his3Δ1 met15Δ0 can1Δ::natR). Candidate synthetic genetic interactions were validated by random spore analysis [15],[17] at either 30°C or at elevated temperatures (35–37°C) since this enhanced the severity of the synthetic fitness defect in many cases. The enrichment of GO Bioprocess terms in the MAF1 SSL gene set was calculated by hypergeometric distribution with aid of the MIPS Functional Catalogue Database.
Random spore-validated MAF1 SSL genes were queried against the BioGRID Database version 2.0.23 (released Jan 3, 2007) to compile a list of 4012 interactions involving 1225 genes. Interactions were found for all but two MAF1 SSL genes (Fyv5, and YGL007W). The set of interactions was superimposed onto the MAF1 SSL gene set using Osprey software and filtered to reveal interactions between nodes in the MAF1 genetic interaction network.
Strain BY4741 (Mata ura3Δ0 leu2Δ0 his3Δ1 met15Δ0) and isogenic deletion strains (xxxΔ:kanR) were grown in YPD at 30°C to an optical density (A600) of ~0.2 before addition of drugs or drug vehicle, unless otherwise indicated. Treatments with rapamycin (0.2 µg/ml from a 1 mg/ml stock solution in DMSO, AG Scientific) and CPZ (250 µM from a 500 mM stock solution in water, Sigma) were for 1 hour [4]. Treatments with hydrogen peroxide (0.32 mM, Sigma) and tunicamycin (2.5 µg/ml from a 5 mg/ml stock in 75% methanol, Sigma) were for 30 min. and 90 min. respectively [4],[28]. A transient mild heat shock treatment of cells growing at 29°C was achieved by centrifugation and resuspension in pre-warmed, 39°C medium for 20 min. [28]. To compare cells following the diauxic shift, an early log culture (OD600=0.01) was grown for 48 hours at 30°C and then harvested. Detailed procedures for culturing cells, RNA preparation, hybridization, image acquisition and data processing for microarrays have been described [49]. Replicates of each sample were performed using a fluor-reversal strategy [50]. Microarray data have been deposited in the Gene Expression Omnibus Database under accession number GSE11397.
Northern analysis of RP genes in wild-type and MAF1 SSL strains before and after rapamycin treatment.
Transcription of a tRNALeu gene is robustly repressed by rapamycin in the med20 strain.
Genes induced and repressed by rapamycin treatment of strain S288c.
Clustergram comparison of med20Δ versus wild-type expression ratios under different environmental conditions.
Phenotypes and functions of MAF1 SSL genes.
Expression ratios (log base 10) comparing med20Δ and wild-type strains before and after rapamycin treatment.
Yeast GO bioprocess terms represented in merged med20Δ versus wild-type datasets.
Expression ratios (log base 10) comparing med20Δ versus wild-type strains under different repressing conditions.
Expression ratios of ribosomal protein genes comparing different Mediator subunit deletions versus wild-type after rapamycin treatment.
Supporting text.
IMW thanks CB, Brenda Andrews and the members of the Boone laboratory for their hospitality during my sabbatical leave. We also thank Huiming Ding and Bilal Sheikh for help with computed-based image analysis and Jon Warner and Greg Prelich for comments on the manuscript.
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
This work was supported by a National Institutes of Health grant GM42728 and funds from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine to IMW and by grants from the Canadian Institute of Health Research to CB and TRH.
PubMed Central Canada is a service of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) working in partnership with the National Research Council's national science library in cooperation with the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the U.S. National Library of Medicine(NCBI/NLM). It includes content provided to the PubMed Central International archive by participating publishers.


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Doesn't add up: Caddie ditches 15th club
story on the European Tour. Jose Manuel Lara , after his opening round at ..... drawing suspicion, he did and Jose Manuel Lara is disqualified from the event ..... him future employment as far as Jose Manuel Lara , he's got open qualifying
Golfing World: Top 10 unusual trophies
flight home. Big isn't always beautiful. And at nine, it's diminutive Austrian Open trophy sported here by Jose Manuel Lara . And previously by his fellow Spaniard, Rafa Cabrera Bello, who certainly found it to his taste. At eight, the
PGA Tour Q-School first stage: Lewisville, Texas
- WD Andrew Buckle +8 80 80 WD Izzy Beisiegel WD Jose Manuel Lara WD Bret Parker WD B.J. Staten WD Matt Weibring Related Articles By | Nov 6, 2013 9:41 AM ET After being treated
Tee times for the 139th Open Championship
Ben CRANE Richard S JOHNSON Thomas AIKEN 10:15 AM Jason BOHN Kurt BARNES Laurie CANTER 10:26 AM Darren FICHARDT Jose Manuel LARA Heath SLOCUM 10:37 AM Paul STREETER Brian GAY Gareth MAYBIN 10:48 AM Tim PETROVIC Paul GOYDOS Jean HUGO 10:59
Quotes of the Week
European Tour chief referee, John Paramor, on caddie Mathias Vinson's attempt to hide an extra club from Jose Manuel Lara 's bag in a bush at the BMW International Open. 'The rule is the rule, but it's just poorly written, it
Poulter in the Hunt Lefty Misses Cut
after a second-round 68. Defending champion Ernie Els posted a 3-under 68 and is tied for 24th at minus-4. Jose Manuel Lara , the remaining first-round leader, managed a 75 on Friday and is part of group tied for 39th at 2-under-par
Jacquelin Wins Maiden Title in Madrid
have any chance, so good luck to him,' Lawrie said. 'He was so far ahead, second place seems like winning.' Jose Manuel Lara fired a 7-under 64 to climb into a tie for sixth at 16-under-par 268. He was joined there by Jose-Filipe
Dredge Alone on Top Clarke Two Back
of Merit winner Colin Montgomerie (71), Jamie Spence (72), Stephen Browne (67), Christian Cevaer (69), Jose Manuel Lara (68) and Steven O'Hara. Lehman is one stroke behind that group, as is Henrik Stenson, World No. 4 and 2004
Two Players Break Course Record Lead in Portugal
been matched earlier in the day by Gonzalo Fernandez-Castano of Spain. Fernandez-Castano was tied for third with Jose Manuel Lara of Spain and Swedens Michael Jonzon. Related Links: GOLF CHANNEL CoverageFull Coverage - Open de Portugal
Cabrera Back in Action at K Club
K Club for the first time since their rout of the Americans. Last year, Stephen Dodd shot a 70 on Sunday to beat Jose Manuel Lara and Anthony Wall by two shots for his third European Tour win. This year, the GOLF CHANNEL will have coverage of
Hanson Holds 54-Hole Lead in Spain
par 209. South African Hennie Otto fired a 3-under 69 to move into second place at 5-under-par 211. Spaniard Jose Manuel Lara tied for the low round of the day with his 4-under 68. He shares third place at 3-under-par 213 with Scotsman
Scott One Back at Johnnie Walker
pleased with everything to be honest.' Among those tied for 14th at minus-3 are Arjun Atwal, Soren Hansen and Jose Manuel Lara . Vijay Singh is one of 12 players at 2-under 70, while defending champion Anton Haig is one shot further back


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NEW YORK Private equity firms Carlyle Group LP (CG.O), Blackstone Group LP (BX.N) and TPG Capital LP are bidding for Allscripts Healthcare Solutions Inc (MDRX.O), a healthcare technology company exploring a sale, people familiar with the matter said.
These buyout firms submitted second-round offers on Friday, a day after Allscripts reported weak quarterly earnings and following meetings with the company's management last month, four sources said this week. They asked not to be named because details of the auction are not public.
Allscripts, which has a market value of around $2 billion, has asked for a substantial premium to its current trading prices and there is no guarantee a deal will be reached, the people said.
The private equity bidders are in due diligence and any decision is still weeks away, they said.
A few other buyout firms that also looked at Allscripts, including Bain Capital LLC, have decided not to pursue a deal partly because of the company's high price expectations and management turmoil, the people said.
Allscripts, Carlyle, Blackstone and TPG declined to comment. Bain did not immediately respond to requests for comment.
The parties still involved in the process remain concerned about valuation, as well as Allscripts' declining earnings and market share losses to larger rivals such as Cerner Corp (CERN.O), according to the people familiar with the matter.
Allscripts shares are up more than 10 percent since September 28 when Bloomberg reported the company was exploring a sale. The news agency also reported that Allscripts attracted first-round offers from Blackstone, Carlyle and Silver Lake Management.
The stock rose 0.5 percent to close at $12.32 on the Nasdaq market on Tuesday.
Allscripts said last week it was evaluating strategic alternatives following potential buyout interest and has enlisted Citigroup Inc (C.N) to assist with the process.
The auction comes months after activist shareholder HealthCor Management installed three of its nominees to Allscripts' board, following a bitter fight with the company's management led by Chief Executive Glen Tullman.
HealthCor, which owned 7.5 percent of Allscripts as of June 30, sued the company in May to be allowed to launch a proxy fight after Tullman refused its demand to resign. The company settled the fight in June, by agreeing to add HealthCor's candidates to the board.
Tullman said last week that Allscripts' software bookings fell 39 percent in the third quarter from a year ago and blamed the results partly on speculation about the company's "future corporate autonomy."
(Reporting by Greg Roumeliotis and Soyoung Kim in New York. Editing by Andre Grenon)
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- Growth rises to 4.2% this year from 4% in 2015, BofA says
- Forecast for 0.5% Russia GDP slump better than consensus
Growth in emerging-market economies is getting a bit of a tailwind this year from a surprising source: Russia.
While Russia will still be in recession in 2016, the pace of the contraction in its gross domestic product will slow to 0.5 percent from 3.7 percent, according to Alberto Ades, head of global economic research at Bank of America Corp. That will be less of a drag on overall growth in developing nations, which he sees expanding 4.2 percent, after 4 percent growth in 2015.
"Russian gross domestic product is a relatively big part of the emerging-markets GDP, and just by standing relatively still and not plunging too much, Russia helps developing nations in general because it doesn't stand in the way of their growth," Ades said by phone from New York last week. "We are not expecting any miracles in Russia this year, but the fact that things won't be as bad as before is not a bad sign."
The slump in Russia shaved about 15 basis points off of overall emerging-market GDP growth in 2015. This year, that drag is reduced to 2 basis points, one of the biggest changes among 45 developing economies tracked by Bank of America, Ades said. Russia's $1.2 trillion economy makes up about 4 percent of emerging markets' $28-trillion of GDP, he said.
Russia is struggling to recover from a 3.7 percent GDP decline last year. Slumping crude prices and sanctions linked to the Ukraine conflict have stifled the world's largest energy exporter's economy, prompting an exodus of foreign capital and damping consumer demand. Plunging oil prices that drove the ruble to record lows in January pushed firms from Societe Generale SA to Credit Suisse Group AG to Capital Economics to cut their projections for Russia's economy.
The median estimate of 38 economists surveyed by Bloomberg is for a 0.8 percent GDP contraction in Russia in 2016. As recently as December, the forecast was for growth to resume in the third quarter.
Barclays Plc. also sees an increase in emerging-market growth in 2016. Developing economies will expand an average 4.3 percent in 2016, compared with 4.1 percent last year, as contractions in Russia, Brazil and Venezuela ease, Daniel Hewitt, a senior emerging-markets economist at Barclays, said.
The bank's forecast for Russia, however, has deteriorated in recent months. Hewitt last week forecast a 1 percent decline in 2016 GDP. His estimate in September had been for a 0.7 percent drop. The outlook worsened with the price of oil, which is selling for less than a third of its five-year average price. Barclays sees crude trading at an average of $37 a barrel in 2016. That compares with Bank of America's forecast of $46.
Recession Probability
"Russia was doing so poorly in 2015 that the 1 percent slowdown in 2016 could be seen as an improvement," Hewitt said. "Russia is so dependent on oil, and oil has not been showing sings of a rebound. When the outlook on oil is bleak, the outlook on Russia is also not too bright."
After three straight months of declines, the probability of Russia being in a recession in the next 12 months increased to 80 percent, according to economists surveyed by Bloomberg last month, up from 65 percent a month earlier.
Russian inflation slowed to 9.8 percent last month from 12.9 percent in December, the year-on-year rate declining for a fifth month to the lowest since November 2014, government data showed last week. The benchmark Micex index trades at 6 times projected 12-month earnings, the cheapest among emerging-market benchmarks.
"We have economic growth that's been less than stellar, inflation running a little bit ahead of itself, but a lot of that got reflected in the stock prices quite rapidly along with some additional hit from the various sanctions that were put on," Deborah Medenica, the head of emerging markets at Fred Alger Management Inc., which manages about $22.4 billion, said by phone from New York last week.
Medenica turned overweight on Russia about nine months ago and likes Luxoft Holdings Inc., Magnit PJSC and X5 Retail Group NV. "If inflation is not as bad as the market's anticipating, there's room for the central bank to do something on rates, which would maybe open up a little space in the economy," she said.


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Night and the City (The Criterion Collection)
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- Audio commentary by film scholar Glenn Erickson
- Video interview with director Jules Dassin
- Excerpts from a 1972 French interview with Dassin
- Two Versions, Two Scores, a look at two different scores composed for the British and American releases of the film
- New essay by film critic Paul Arthur
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"Night and the City" takes place among the hustlers, club owners, and purveyors of evening entertainment in London. Harry Fabian (Richard Widmark) works as a club tout for The Silver Fox nightclub, targeting monied guests at local hot spots, cozying up to them with tall tales, and sending them over to the club for a good time. But Harry's always got scheme to get rich, as opposed to a plan of how to make a living, much to his girlfriend Mary's (Gene Tierney) chagrin. Harry's "highly inflamed imagination, coupled by delusions of grandeur" -as his employer bluntly remarks- never get him anywhere but into debt. One night Harry overhears a conversation between a old Greco-Roman wrestling champion, Gregorius (Stanislaus Zbyszko), and his son Kristo (Herbert Lom), the promoter for all London's wrestling matches. Harry sees the opportunity to exploit the elder man's distaste for the new flamboyant style of wrestling to set himself up as a promoter of old-style Greco-Roman wrestling. Gregorius agrees to work with him, and, although Kristo has a monopoly on wrestling in London, he is forced to allow Harry to proceed.Read more ›
There is an audio commentary by none other than the DVD Savant himself, Glenn Erickson, author of The Film Noir essay on Night and the City. Erickson touches upon the film's troubled production history and references the book, the film's script and both versions, including cut scenes. This is a very knowledgeable track as Erickson covers many aspects of the movie.
In the "Jules Dassin Interview," he talks about how the Hollywood blacklisting made his life difficult. The veteran director tells some fascinating anecdotes in this substantial extra.
"2 Versions, 2 Scores" examines the musical score for the British version by Benjamin Frankel and the American one by Franz Waxman. Waxman's score is more dynamic while Frankel's is not as melodramatic.
"Cine-Parade Interview" is a 1972 French interview with Dassin who talks about his life and career, including an amusing anecdote about shooting a scene with Joan Crawford.
Finally, there is a theatrical trailer.
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I no longer write reviews on Amazon movies. I have written well over 600 reviews but stopped when Amazon stopped informing the number of reviews I had written. Read morePublished 5 months ago by Gary Gilfoy
I love the films of this director, Jules Dassin. He's an American crime drama filmmaker who made great movies in Europe too. Read morePublished 18 months ago by B. Adducchio
A good film, but not a great one. Richard Widmark is excellent as a egocentric loser and the story (taking place on a given night...and boy is he busy! Read morePublished on July 11, 2014 by Berigan Taylor
This very good and very influential film noir has been issued by Criterion in a remastered edition which well conveys the stark, expressionistic, brooding black and white... Read morePublished on October 19, 2013 by Jon Corelis
Excellent movie. Taut drama. Too bad Hollywood has lost its imagination, and can no longer develop such good work. Read morePublished on April 26, 2013 by J. Smith
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WinNT Backup Creator Script Set
This is a simple script set that allows a network administrator to easily set backup jobs on users systems. It's comprised of 5 file but only one (GetUserOU.vbs) needs to be run since it just uses the rest of the files.
StartMig is a collection of tools and scripts to migrate Windows NT/2000/XP clients from Windows NT/2000/2003 domains to a new domain. Without the loss of the user profiles. StartMig can be started with the domain login script or with services like SMS.
Free modifications (MODs) developed by or enhanced by Jeff Law (aka Etymon at the Snitz Forums 2000 community forums [http://forum.snitz.com/forum]). All MODs are specifically designed for use with Snitz Forums 2000 forum software.1 weekly downloads
Signum Invenio's WEBSERVER
Signum Invenio webserver. 43.000 lines of advanced VB code (40 mb dev environment required). IDE and unattended versions. This is the most complete and stable VB6 webserver project at SF. Not a programmer? Just download msi binary, install and run!20 weekly downloads
Shoot Budget
A comprehensive commercial film budgeting spreadsheet designed to help service companies budget accurately and easily. It currently runs in excel with plans to port it to OpenOffice.org Calc.1 weekly downloads
Intel (R) RPIER
Intel(R) Regimented Potential Incident Examination Report (RPIER) is a 1st handlers tool used to obtain volatile information from Windows OS computer systems.1 weekly downloads
RoboRealm Extensions
RoboRealm Extensions are plugins to the RoboRealm application that allow you to extend RoboRealm in whatever way you need. RoboRealm is a powerful computer vision based application for use in machine vision, image analysis, and image processing systems.1 weekly downloads
Here is the ASP Forum I made including a CMS Administrator to manage the content of it. Any OS and/or environment you can run .asp on you can also use this forum on provided you modify the correct db configuration. [(:-)] Kyle1 weekly downloads
Simple Compiler
Registration Description: This project is to show people that you can make a compiler using BASIC. Sence this project is for educational perposes only there will be no standerd command set. Compiler my need to be changed depending on CPU...
SourceForge Local Government
This project exists as a central meeting place for those wishing to share in-house developed applications and tools for local government (and related industries) in Australia.1 weekly downloads
Pigboat's Studio Management Software
Recording Studio Management Software used to: Manage sessions, billing, scheduling, pre and post production. Maintain detailed records of studio operations (album, song, instrument, track production). Manage contacts, assets, much, much more.5 weekly downloads
Teletom's pe-builder plugins
PE-Builder Plugins2 weekly downloads
My Desktop Wiki
This is a personal desktop wiki (based on twiki syntax) which uses microsoft outlook memos as its store. This application can be used as Acrowiki desktop companion if you are a Palm user using Acrowiki application.
iEmendo - Remote Debugger
iEmendo allows a PHP application to seamlessly report errors and/or exceptions to a remote server by utilising PHP's custome error handlers. The iEmendo website provides a Web 2.0 type interface with an AJAX based console to view log updates in realtime
FTPD Search System
Maybe the fastest and most versatile plug-in/add-on based FTPd Search System. With true/native FTPd output/reply... Currently supported FTPd's: RaidenFTPd1 weekly downloads
Escape Strings
Small tool for escaping strings to be used in URLStringEncoded context. Uses VBScript escape() and unescape() functions and an HTML Application GUI to enable copy and paste of the text.1 weekly downloads
DS-Tech Enterprise Website Manager
DS-Tech Enterprise Website Manager is a web system development to be used on internet or intranet writed in asp languaje, DS-Tech Enterprise Website Manager is one of the creation´s of Digital Systems Technologies
dir2xml is an VBscript that generates an tree-structure XML file that contains detailed information and extended information for mp3 files, utilizing shazammp3.
Danternet Web Browser
A continnually updated web browser made in VB 2005 using you defualt web browser to navigate the web. Free for everyone to use and change but must have a link back to the original site of download. http://dantenet.tk
Intended for group policies. CipherAdmin adds an admin account with a random 3DES-encrypted PW, and fixes-up local group memberships, assigning authorized users to certain groups. Helpdesks can decrypt from AD or file for one-time access requests.
Pure ASP EXIF Functions
A set of pure ASP Exif functions for reading the metadata from various image formates. Currently JPG and TIFF files are supported.
The project already exists and it is now working and being gradually implemented. Here is its address: http://www.saber-digital.net ou http://www.biblioteca.pro.br Check it out!
Font end Program to prepare images for Autotrace program by automated DOS alchemy routines and run DOS Autotrace commandline program http://autotrace.sourceforge.net for vectorisation the same way. Also cleans tiff images for use with HDS Logcard progra4 weekly downloads


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The tour dates for this year are October 15-16, 2016 | 11am-5pm, there will be a sneak peek exhibit from September – October 2016 at Beaverton City Hall.
Registration is closed for the 2016 open studios. We have 44 artists and 5 galleries registered this year.
We hope that you will consider being a sponsor of the 2016 open studios tour. As a sponsor you will get to place an advert in the catalog, you will be mentioned on this website but most importantly you will be supporting the local arts community. For more information about sponsorship for 2016 including an online form click here. The last date to sponsor the tour and have your ad listed in the catalog is June 20th. If you are unable to be a sponsor yourself you can support the tour by supporting our many fine sponsors.Tell me more about sponsorship
Today's featured Sponsor – Hillsboro Arts and Culture Council
This page will be featuring artwork and announcements from the artists on the tour as well as information about our sponsors. This section will be updated every few days, these entries will also appear in our blog.
We would like to thank Hillsboro Arts and Culture Council for being a Platinum level sponsor of the 2016 Open Studios tour. The Hillsboro Arts & Culture Council is a citizen advisory committee appointed by the Mayor and confirmed by City Council. Under the general direction of the City Council, the HACC oversees policies and programs pertaining to arts and culture for the City of Hillsboro. It is housed in the Parks and Recreation Department and is administered by the City of Hillsboro's Cultural Arts Program Manager. The mission of the Hillsboro Arts & Culture Council is to promote and support the growth of arts and culture as assets for a vital, prosperous and livable community.


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Accidents Happen – 5 Items That Can Save Your Shoot
I'm always one to preach the importance of prevention and preparation before walking into a photo shoot, but there are some things you just can't prepare for. The more you shoot the more you come to find that gear will tend to fall apart after a excessive number of uses... and abuses.
Mercedes-Benz USA Wins on Instagram (Again) with #GLAPacked Campaign
Last year Mercedes-Benz USA (@MBUSA) ran a very successful social media campaign using Instagram and some of its top influencers to spread the word about the new CLA which you can read about here. Now, they are at it again with a new approach on the much anticipated Mercedes GLA. What better way to advertise than to hit social media with some absolutely stunning adventure photos?
DJI Phantom 2 Now Features Autonomous Flight
DJI has been a major player in the quadcopter arena for quite some time. While there are MANY other brands out there, DJI has set out to make flying easy, especially for those with no experience. Now it will be even easier to start flying thanks to the addition of Autonomous flight. They call it Ground Station.
How Would You Rate Your Photography, 1-5?
It's hard to look at our photography with objective eyes. We know how much planning went into the shoot. We know how complicated the shoot was. We know how many hours in Photoshop we spent. The sad truth is, none of that matters. Your image should speak for itself. Let me help you rate your photography fairly.
BTS: Beats by Dr. Dre World Cup Ad, "The Game Before the Game"
If you've been following the world's favorite sports championship as closely as they do everywhere except in the U.S., you've undoubtedly noticed snippets of Beats' beautifully filmed World Cup commercial, "The Game Before the Game." Featuring Serena Williams, Lil Wayne, and numerous soccer stars, the cinematic ad shows the world's greatest talents' pre-game/pre-show preparations from patriotic nail polish to prayers and phone calls to home.
Lighting Like Leibovitz – The One Light Challenge
I'm a huge fan of Annie Leibovitz and the imagery she has captured over the past few decades. Being a self-taught photographer, I looked to her work time and time again for inspiration and motivation. Over the course of a year, I scoured the internet for information on her lighting setups, equipment and methodology. But, the more I dove in, the less concerned I became about equipment and the more I felt the need to simplify my style.
Clint Davis Proves Promo Mailers Aren't Dead
Many people in the editorial and commercial industry still send out promotional mailers. But the truth is, if you are just sending out a flyer with a few photos, you are flat out wasting your money. Clint Davis worked a desk job as an Art Director for multiple national magazines, which gave him a front row seat to photographers and illustrators sending in promotional mailers. He branched out, and decided to defy the odds of being thrown in the trash.
Unconventional, Yet Effective, Method for Recording Audio with a 5D Mark III
My friend Chris Lavigne is what I like to call the "master of media" over at Wistia, which means he gets to make all their product videos and also spends a lot of time sharing tips and tricks he uses as a cinematographer. He recently released this video which explains how he records audio to his 5D Mark III in a somewhat unconventional, yet still effective, way.
The Power of Perception – Creating A Reality For Commercial Clients
The music business is a brutal, cutthroat, dog-eat-dog world and I lived it for nearly 10 years. Since the age of 16, I struggled as a touring musician, surviving off nothing but cold Spaghettios and sleeping in a decade-old 8-passenger van. I was fortunate enough to explore the nation and see things that most will never see, but by the time I left the business I was completely burnt out.
Fstoppers Atlantis: The Most Fulfilling Experience Of My Life So Far
I've had some pretty amazing experiences in my life. Fstoppers.com has given me incredible opportunities like meeting Bon Jovi, or riding in the first Lamborghini Aventador in America. Our international workshop last week took a year of planning and insane amounts of stress. On top of it all, I had the flu during the entire week. Even still, last week was the most rewarding week of my life.
The Photography behind the Monokini 2.0 Project - Swimwear for Women Who Have Had Mastectomies
The Finnish art duo Nutty Tarts / Tärähtäneet ämmät (Katriina Haikala and Vilma Metteri) are the artistic directors bringing to life an idea that Elina Halttunen (Ph.D.) originally came up with - swimwear for women who have had mastectomies. "Who says you need two?" That's the Monokini 2.0 tagline.
How Richard Thompson Photographed a Ford GT40 Mark IV with Only Natural Light
My friend Richard Thopmson just finished the post work on a shoot in the Southern California desert featuring a very rare Ford GT40 Mark IV using only natural light and a Phase One IQ250. He chose an incredible location in the desert and tried out two Schneider Kreuznach zoom lenses including the new 40-80mm LS f/4.0-5.6.
Innovative 'Bullet Time'? Stills Images With Camera Motion? A Savior Called Jesus? Welcome To The New Nokia Ad
Ever wanted to read about an innovative commercial production involving bullet time innovation, mobile photography, the use of camera motion in sequenced stills, and a guy called Jesus who is an Evangelist and a literal savior? If so, look no further, your prayers have been answered, because this post covers all of these bases and more.
Check out These Surreal Digital Manipulations of the Four Classical Elements
Edvin Puzinkevich is Senior Retoucher at Vault 49 - a New York design and illustration studio - where his clients have included notable names such as Nike, Intel, Audi, Levi's, Chevrolet and Oakley. One of his personal projects, Elements, is especially interesting. Edvin explained to me that he wanted to explore the idea of people being able to control their surrounding elements, and how people could change and interact with the elements' physical characteristics.


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If you have troubles since the update to WordPress 4.5 please read this post before opening a new thread.
Tagged: footer, missing, missing footer
My footer is missing in one page. hhttp://lemonova.com/contact/
I don't know where to fix it. :(
Thank you!
Hi Sebastianvanderwals!
Please edit the page then look for Layout > Footer Settings. Did you choose not to display the footer? If not, set it to default.
Best regards,
Fixed it! Thank you so much Ismael!
The topic 'Missing Footer in one page' is closed to new replies.


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The fictional country of Industralia is populated with creative eccentrics, high-flying airship crews, dazed automatons, brilliantly cracked inventors, adventurous explorers, mischievous kids and more. What they all have in common is a love of food. Breakfast, especially. Well, not the automatons, of course, though many of those serve as waiters or other food service workers. To be born in Industralia is to be born a foodie.
Read More »


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The Institute communicates its scientific and educational information in a number of ways. One major outlet is peer-reviewed publications and reports. Cary Institute staff regularly publish in the best-rated journals in their respective fields.
Export 125 results:Sort by: [ Author] Title Type Year
Filters: First Letter Of Last Name is R [Clear All Filters]
Earth Stewardship: Linking Ecology and Ethics in Theory and Practice, vol. 2. Cham: , 2015, p. 457.,
Integrating ecological sciences and environmental ethics into biocultural conservation in South American temperate sub-Antarctic ecosystems", Environmental Ethics, vol. 30, p. 229-234, 2008., "
Relaciones recíprocas enre las ciencias ecológico-evolutivas y la ética ambiental", Persona y Sociedad, vol. XIII, p. 41-52, 1999., "
"Natural drift" as a post-modern evolutionary metaphor", Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat., vol. 71, p. 5-17, 1998., "
A Call for Ethics Literacy in Environmental Education", in Linking Ecology and Ethics for a Changing World, Dordrecht: , 2013, p. 349 - 371., "
Environmental narratives and ethics: an experimental freshman course in nature writing", vol. 1. p. 10-11, 1998., "
Dos niveles de compromiso ético en la práctica de la conservación", Ambiente y Desarrollo, vol. XIV, p. 68-69, 1998., "
Three levels of integrating ecology with the conservation of South American temperate forests: the initiative of the Institute of Ecological Research Chiloe, Chile", Biodiv. Conserv., vol. 9, p. 1199-1217, 2000., "
Integrating ecology and environmental ethics: Earth stewardship in the southern end of the Americas", BioScience, vol. 62, p. 226-236, 2012., "
Linking Ecology and Ethics for a Changing World. Dordrecht: , 2013.,
The reciprocal links between evolutionary-ecological sciences and environmental ethics", BioScience, vol. 49, p. 911-921, 1999., "
Medio ambiente, bioético y globalización en el XX Congreso Mundial de Filosofía", Ambiente y Desarrollo, vol. XIV, p. 79, 1998., "
Changing lenses to assess biodiversity: patterns of species richness in sub-Antarctic plants and implications for global conservation", Front. Ecol. Environ., vol. 6, p. 131-137, 2008., "
Ecology: V Disequilibrium Ecology", in "Encyclopedia of Environmental Ethics and Philosophy," (eds.) B. Callicott and R. Frodeman, Volume 1, 2008, p. 257-259., "
Species loss in the brown world: are heterotrophic systems inherently stable?", Aquat. Sci., vol. 74, p. 397-404, 2012., "
Terrestrial subsidies of organic carbon support net ecosystem production in temporary forest ponds: Evidence from an ecosystem experiment", Ecosystems, vol. 9, p. 1170-1176, 2006., "
Forty-eight years of canopy change in a hardwood-hemlock forest in New York City", Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, vol. 116, p. 52-64, 1989., "
The New York Botanical Garden Forest-an urban natural area in the Bronx", Conservationist, vol. 43, p. 46-49, 1989., "
Completing the data life cycle: using information management in macrosystems ecology research", Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, vol. 12, no. 1, p. 24 - 30, 2014., "
Process-based modelling of regeneration dynamics and sustainable use in species-rich rain forests", in A.C. Newton (ed.). Biodiversity Loss and Conservation in Fragmented Forest Landscapes: Evidence from Mexican Montane Forests and the Temperate Rainforests of South America, 2007, p. 244-275., "
Ecological impacts of harvesting scenarios for temperate evergreen rain forest in southern Chile - a simulation experiment", For. Ecol. Manage, vol. 252, p. 52-66, 2007., "
Land Resources: Forests and arid lands", in P. Backlund, A. Janetos, and D. S. Schimel (eds.). The Effects of Climate Change on Agriculture, Land Resources, Water Resources, and Biodiversity, 2008, p. 76-120., "
Defining and using 'best available science'. A policy conundrum for aquatic ecosystem management", Mar. Freshwater Res., vol. 61, p. 821-828, 2010., "


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Crab Puffs
Deviled Crab Puffs
Mushroom-Crab-Asparagus Tart
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Make these your new go-to cheesy party appetizer. But then again, why wait for a party?
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Nus Org
United for Education: NUS and UCU announce national demonstration
Students and academics set to rally for free, accessible and quality further and higher education this November.
Law and (dis)order
Over the weekend, I started watching Law & Order – as in the Law & Order that spans across 20 seasons, one television movie and 456 episodes. It's probably rather ambitious on my part to think I'll be able to get through it without getting sick of the same smug faces. But the challenge has been accepted.
What does Brexit mean for students?
News Britain voted to leave the EU was met with disbelief and even tears from many young people. With 75 per cent of voters aged under 24 choosing remain, it's clear the result does not reflect the attitudes of most students towards the EU.
Sainsbury Review promises big shake up for Further Education
Today the government has published its post-16 Skills Planwhich proposes a huge overhaul to 16-19 vocational education. The Skills Plan is a direct response to Lord Sainsbury's review of technical education.
NUS celebrates win for young people's Careers Information, Advice and Guidance
Over the last two years NUS has been working to ensure that the government invest heavily in Careers Information, Advice and Guidance services.
We Want In: thank you for getting the student vote out!
As Britain holds its breath in anticipation of today's EU Referendum results, Megan Dunn praises the incredible efforts of students across the UK in amplifying their voices and shaping debate on a national scale.
NUS responds to EU Referendum result
The National Union of Students (NUS) is disappointed by the results of yesterday's referendum, particularly given the high proportion of young voters who are reported to have voted to stay in the EU. National President, Megan Dunn, has written to Downing Street and BIS ministers to ask for a range of assurances over the future of further and higher education in light of the Brexit vote. The letter is posted on the NUS website here.
#MoreInCommon: students are coming together to celebrate Jo Cox
Students across the globe are gathering on Wednesday 22 June to pay tribute to the late MP to show that we have #MoreInCommon than that which divides us.
NUS LGBT+ officers: statement on Orlando shootings
In light of the heart breaking news of the terrorist attack that took place in the Orlando LGBT+ club Pulse on a Latinx night the NUS LGBT+ Campaign would like to send our condolences and solidarity to the victims, their families and friends.
Ulster University car parking controversy continues
Ulster University have rejected suggestions to improve car-parking facilities for students at its Coleraine campus citing "cost effectiveness" it can be revealed.
EU referendum voter registration deadline extended
You have until midnight on Thursday 9 June to register to vote.
Eight surprisingly cool things to come from the EU
Brexit campaigners have thrown a lot of mud at the EU lately. They've relied on an image of grey suited, bespectacled bureaucrats pushing paper around and costing the UK billions.
In Conversation with Wolfgang Tillmans
Turner Prize winning artist Wolfgang Tillmans tell us why he's campaigning for young people to vote to remain in the EU.
Making the most of work experience
NUS Journalist Orianna Rosa Royle shares her top tips from her week's work experience with the Wandsworth Guardian.
EU referendum: final chance to register to vote
If you are not on the electoral register by Tuesday 7 June then you will not be allowed to vote in the EU referendum.
Damned if we stay, damned if we leave
In the run up to the EU referendum on 23 June, the last couple of weeks have seen scaremongering from both sides. In the midst of the battle between former London mayor Boris Johnson and prime minster David Cameron, the message has been lost.
Are you the next Amnesty International Best Student Journalist?
Nominations for the Amnesty Media Awards are open until 1 August
Belfast solar power station given go-ahead
A green light has been granted to construct a solar based power station near Belfast International Airport - the first ground-based solar power station on the island of Ireland.
EU Referendum: 16 and 17 year-olds are being denied a say on their future
New NUS research shows that three quarters would vote in the EU referendum if given the chance.
Work Experience Tips
NUS Journalist Orianna Rosa Royle shares her top tips for gaining work experience and getting a break on the employment ladder


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Your best hunting is still ahead with outstanding hunting clothes from Beretta, Guide Series, Under Armour, Browning, Drake Waterfowl, and Russell Outdoors. We have clothes for turkey hunting and waterfowl hunting, as well as upland jackets and vests. We offer shooting vests, baselayers, and clothing to aid in scent control from Scent-Lok and ScentBlocker.
Under Armour Men's Camo Big Logo Pullover Hoodie
Soft, brushed inner layer designed to trap heat
Lightweight, smooth outer layer dries quickly
Storm1 water-resistant finish keeps out moisture
Attached hood with drawcord adjustment
Self-fabric cuffs/waist; kanagaroo hand pocket
Under Armour Men's Scent Control NuTech Quarter-Zip Pullover
Moisture-wicking 100% polyester NuTech fabric
Anti-pick, anti-pilling surface for durable wear
UA Scent Control suppresses odor-causing bacteria
Ergonomic flatlock seams for reduced chafing
Mock-neck collar; quarter-length front zipper
Guide Series Men's Whisper Fleece Hoodie
Made of 100% polyester for comfort
Fully lined brushed tricot hood for warmth
Draw-cord on hood for a precise fit
Kangaroo front hand pocket for warming cold hands
Guide Series Full Body Ghillie Suit
Trim the fabric to the desired length and bulk
Customize the suit to your hunting environment
Generous fit lets you slip it on over your clothes
Breathable airmesh lining for improved airflow
Jacket, mask, pants, gun wrap, and storage bag
Carhartt Men's WorkCamo Hooded Sweatshirt (Style #K289)
Jersey-lined hood with drawcord closure
Leatherette Carhartt label
RealTree AP Camo
Guide Series Men's Whisper Fleece Micro Quarter-Zip Pullover
Moisture-wicking 100% polyester microfleece fabric
Brushed on both sides for softness and warmth
Anti-pill exterior finish for long-lasting wear
AirMesh panels at the underarms/upper sleeves
Underarm gusset for increased mobility
Carhartt Men's Force Cotton Delmont Zip-Front Camo Hoodie
65% Cotton, 35% polyester plaited jersey
FastDry Technology wicks sweat away
Stain Breaker technology releases stains
Raglan sleeves allow for added mobility
Two front pockets, three-piece hood
Robinson ScentBlocker Trinity Hoodie
Quiet, flexible, fleece-lined softshell
Trinity ScentBlocker Technology synthetic polymer
Adsorbs human odor
4-direction stretch
Kangaroo pocket and v-neck cut-out
Scent Lok Hi-Tech Hoodie
Quiet, lightweight outer shell for warmth
Carbon Alloy technology absorbs human scent
1/4-zip design for venting and easy field dressing
DWR-treated for repelling light moisture
Lycra bindings on hood waist for superior fit
Guide Series Men's ScentCore Stealth Lightweight Quarter-Zip ...
Ultra-lightweight 100% polyester fabric
Wicks moisture away from the skin
ScentCore antimicrobial finish reduces odors
Realtree Xtra camouflage pattern for stealth
Mock-neck collar; quarter-length front zipper
Bone Collector Assassin Performance Hoodie
Versatile hood with facemask and gaiter combo
Scent-Lok Technology for maximum odor adsorption
Roomy shoulder drop gives full mobility
Front pocket pouch warms hands and stores gear
Color blocked back panel, accent stitching
Guide Series Men's Whisper Fleece Heavy Pant
Midweight fleece is 100% polyester
Brushed for softness and layering
Partial elastic waistband
Browning Men's Wasatch Performance II Pullover Hoodie
Breathable 100% polyester fleece knit fabric
Smooth outer surface; fleece inner face
Drawcord-adjustable hood for a customized fit
Rib-knit trim at the cuffs and waist hem
Spacious kangaroo handwarmer pocket for storage
Guide Series Men's ScentCore Stealth Lightweight Pullover Hoodie
Made of ultra-lightweight 100% polyester fabric
Wicks moisture away from the skin to keep you dry
ScentCore antimicrobial finish reduces odors
Printed in a stealthy Realtree Xtra camo pattern
Attached two-piece hood with drawstirng adjustment
Guide Series Men's Elite Camo Quarter-Zip Pullover
High-stretch 88% polyester, 12% spandex fabric
Wicks away moisture to prevent overheating
Mock-neck collar; quarter-length front zipper
Raglan sleeves for increased ease of movement
Camo-print panels at the sleeves/interior hood
Guide Series Men's GS Full Body Leafy Suit
Ultra-lightweight 100% polyester fabric
Lined with breathable mesh for improved airflow
Generous fit allows room for pulling over clothes
Jacket: Attached hood with drawcord adjustment
Pant: Elastic waistband with internal drawcord
Guide Series Men's Whisper Fleece Heavy Vest
Ultra-cozy 100% polyester Wind Brake fleece fabric
Brushed on both sides for superior softness
Highly wind-resistant and extremely quiet
Flatlock seaming reduces chafing, layers easily
Full-length front zipper; mock-neck collar
Guide Series Men's Basic Blaze Quarter-Zip Fleece Pullover
Soft, brushed 100% polyester fleece fabric
Reinforced stitching throughout for durability
Mock-neck collar; quarter-length front zipper
Gander Mountain Men's Classic Camo Gear Hoodie
60% cotton, 40% polyester CVC fleece fabric
Three-piece hood with drawstring adjustment
Rib-knit sleeve cuffs and waist hem
Generous arm openings for increased mobility
Kangaroo pouch pocket for convenient storage
ROCKY Men's SilentHunter 1/4-Zip Shirt
SilentHunter suede fabric construction
Micro-denier fibers wick moisture
SiQ Atomic antimicrobial technology
Red Rock Outdoors Men's 5-Piece Ghillie Suit
Includes a hood, jacket, pant, and gun cover
Hood has a chin strap for easy adjustability
Jacket: Elastic waist and cuffs; easy-snap front
Pant: Elastic waistband with drawstring adjustment
Drawstring carry pouch included for easy transport
Guide Series Men's Midweight Ultra-Form Base Quarter-Zip Pullover...
Rugged 100% polyester performance fabric
Wicks away moisture to keep you comfortably dry
Antimicrobial treatment to help reduce odors
Built-in UPF sun protection shields your skin
Quarter-length front zipper; mock-neck collar
Carhartt Men's Midweight Camo Sleeve Logo Hooded Sweatshirt
Attached 3-piece jersey-lined hood w/ drawstring
Front handwarmer pocket
Stretchable rib-knit cuffs and waistband
50% Cotton, 50% Polyester Blend
Realtree Xtra camoflauge pattern
Scent-Lok BaseSlayer Attack 1/4-Zip Shirt
Versatile and comfortable for all-season hunting
Works great alone or with layers
Lightweight, breathable fabric minimizes bulk
Quarter-zip design allows easy field dressing
Carhartt Men's Midweight Houghton Camo Hood Lined Sweatshirt
Attached RealTree Xtra lined 3-piece hood
Convenient front handwarmer pocket
Stretchable, spandex-reinforced ribbed knit cuffs
Carhartt label sewn on front pocket
50% cotton, 50% polyester blend
Guide Series Men's Midweight Ultra-Form Base Hoodie
Rugged 100% polyester performance fabric
Wicks away moisture to keep you comfortably dry
Antimicrobial treatment to help reduce odors
Built-in UPF sun protection shields your skin
Three-piece hood with drawstring adjustment
Under Armour Men's Storm Caliber Pullover Hoodie
Soft, stretchy 100% polyester ColdGear fabric
UA Storm DWR finish repels water, breathes easily
Three-piece hood with drawcord adjustment
Self-fabric binding at the cuffs and waist hem
Kangaroo pouch pocket for convenient storage
Gander Mountain Men's Blaze Logo Camo Pullover Hoodie
9-oz., 80% cotton, 20% polyester fleece fabric
Vibrant, all-over Realtree camouflage print
Split-laced front placket with nylon skate lace
Rib-knit cuffs and waistband to seal in body heat
Kangaroo pouch pocket for convenient storage
Scent-Lok Men's Attack Quarter-Zip Hunting Shirt
Light for minimal bulk, warm to beat the chills
Carbon Alloy technology for odor adsorption
Low-profile mock-neck collar for extra warmth
Quarter-length zipper for controlled ventilation
Guide Series Men's Ultra-Form Base Performance Quarter-Zip ...
100% polyester smooth-face fleece fabric
Quarter-length front zipper; mock-neck collar
Raglan sleeves for increased ease of movement
Spacious kangaroo hand pocket for easy storage
Guide Series Men's Whisper Fleece Micro Quarter-Zip Pullover
Super-soft 100% polyester microfleece shell
Wicks away moisture to keep you comfortably dry
Anti-pill exterior for long-lasting durability
Airmesh panels at the armpits and under sleeves
Flatlock seaming throughout helps reduce chafing
Drake Waterfowl Eqwader Plus 1/4-Zip Pullover
Fully functional pullover for the field
Mid-chest adjustment
Magnetic chest call pouch
Zippered accessory pockets


text: We had yet another great evening in Zermatt at the Le Gitan Grill. If you look at my other reviews, this was our 2nd favorite in the town of Zermatt. The staff were a lot of fun (very friendly) and that helped have a special night. Food was also very good...probably a tick below great (therefore 4-stars).


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The Power Rangers: Deluxe Ultra Dragon Sword from Bandai is an electronic, role-play toy that is based on the Red Ultra Megaforce Ranger's Dragon Sword from the Megaforce series on Nickelodeon.
The sword's electronic features add to this toy's role-play fun. Two buttons in the handle operate the different functions with one causing the Dragon Head to spin, its eyes light up and makes awesome slashing sounds. The other button makes more sounds and lights up the dragon's eyes but the dragon head doesn't spin. Both buttons play the Megaforce theme song with words if you hold them down for a few seconds.
This Dragon Sword is designed to work with the Gosei Morpher, which can be slid onto the sword for more sounds. The Morpher is sold separately but even if you don't have it, the sword comes with a Power Rangers card that can be slid into the slot and play additional sounds.
Power Rangers fans, ages 4 and up.
The included Power Rangers card can be scanned by a mobile device using the Power Rangers Card Scanner App to unlock Power Rangers content on the device.
The sword's package and Power Ranger card show the Ultra Dragon Sword with a white paint job and an orb rather than the Dragon Head. That's because this is the American version of the Gosei Tensword from Tensou Sentai Goseiger.
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