text:
The Backlash Against Data Dogmatism
Have you noticed it as well? The tide is turning against dogmatism in data visualization, as witnessed by the increasing number of voices speaking out against a rigid approach and closed-mindedness regarding practices that are often ridiculed in knee-jerk fashion. It's about time.
To which voices am I referring, and which data visualization practices are they defending?
1. Charts with non-zero y-axes
Can you tell Vox's Johnny Harris and Matthew Yglesias have had it with readers taking pot shots about their choice of y-axis starting points? Their well-reasoned video entitled "Shut up about the y-axis. It shouldn't always start at zero" says it all:
Harris and Yglesias show that the choice of axis starting point depends on the context, the unit of measure, and on the comparison being made.
2. Artistic approaches to data visualization
In Andy Cotgreave's recent ComputerWorld article "Why Do We Visualise Data?", Andy argues that not all data visualizations need to be burdened with the requirement of imparting ultimate precision of comparison. It depends on the purpose.
"The purpose of a visualization will also determine the extent to which you should inform effectively…Sometimes it's more important to make someone engage with the overall message rather than the minutiae."
Andy uses the example of Stephanie Prosavec's "Air Transformed": a wearable data visualization necklace showing air quality in Sheffield, UK:
Should this project really be ridiculed as "ineffective" and horribly contrary to "best practices", with no place for it at all in the field of data visualization? Or could it be that this form of expression engages human beings in a way that a rigorous report complete with bar charts and compliant zero y-axis timelines of air quality in Sheffield could hardly do? Maybe both the report and the necklace are valid, each in their own way.
Which should you create? It depends on your purpose and your audience.
3. Pie charts
Oh, the poor, maligned pie chart. The chart type that gets pushed around and bullied on the data viz playground more than any other. Randal Olsen of /r/dataisbeautiful ran a twitter poll asking "Do you think pie charts should be banned from #dataviz?". Scientific or not, nearly 2 in 5 responded affirmatively:
Another Twitter poll: Do you think pie charts should be banned from #dataviz?
— Randy Olson (@randal_olson) October 29, 2015
That's amazing if you stop and think about it. Almost 40% of respondents, likely mostly data viz enthusiasts who follow Olsen, think that pie charts should never, ever, ever be used. Hilariously, Andy Kirk of Visualising Data asked whether we should also run a poll about whether those people should be banned, and Irvin Almonte's response was sheer genius:
.@inivri Exactly, thank you! Pie charts are useful for showing simple proportions like this. pic.twitter.com/Rsg7e6ilBR
— Randy Olson (@randal_olson) November 5, 2015
Again: It depends. Say it with me: IT DEPENDS.
Pie charts, in certain instances, can actually be more effective than bar charts at showing specific part-to-whole comparisons. And if the part-to-whole relationship is far more important to your message than comparing uber-accurately between categories, and if there are a very small number of slices, go ahead, give thought to using a pie chart. Don't be intimidated by pie chart haters. There, I said it.
4. Word Clouds
I entered the fray last week with my blog post "My 3 Basic Tenets of Data Visualization" in which I argued that rules of thumb, not black-and-white rules, should prevail, along with a spirit of humility and openness to exploration and innovation in data viz.
I also did the unthinkable: I defended the Word Cloud. The poor, lowly pal of the pie chart, united on the playground in mutual fear of the roving data-dogma bully. My point is that if you only had a very short amount of time to impress upon a large room of people the most commonly used passwords, which of these four visualization types would you choose?
The word cloud sacrifices precision for completeness (all of the passwords actually appear on the screen in only the word cloud) and readability (the most commonly used passwords almost shout out at the reader). Is that a reasonable trade-off to make? Maybe. It depends.
Since that blog post, "What are your most used words on Facebook" has gone viral, and we've been inundated with over 16 million word clouds as of the writing of this blog post. Of course one can only hope this app is not a gigantic phishing scam, but do you think a bar chart version of your most commonly used words, or a concise and thorough text analytics report would have also gone viral? Maybe, but probably not. And I'm not saying "going viral" is a end that justifies all means, but in this case, ultimate precision of comparison is probably not needed anyway. It actually worked a little too well.
Let's not let the pendulum swing too far, though.
This casting-off of suffocating restraint and a fearful spirit of ridicule is a REALLY GOOD THING in data visualization, but let's not let the pendulum swing too far the other way. It's true that pie charts are very often the wrong choice, and the majority of the time a y-axis that starts at zero is a really good choice.
I'm not a big fan of the word "best" in "best practices", which seems to promise some optimal solution, but I do like the sentiment in this response by Vance Fitzgerald to my question on twitter about rules of thumb in data visualization:
@DataRemixed @UW Leverage the best practices of the dogmatic experts, but don't be dogmatic.
— Vance Fitzgerald (@vancefitzgerald) November 11, 2015
I'm hopeful that the next phase of data visualization is one that embraces the gray of "it depends" and encourages open dialogue and constructive criticism. In order to get there, we'll definitely have to shed dogma. Let's absolutely do so, but let's also carry forward the principles and rules of thumb that just make good sense, while being open to the possibility that breaking those rules might be a great idea in specific situations.
Wouldn't this be a more mature approach? Wouldn't it also be more welcoming, and more enjoyable?
Thanks for reading,
3 Fun Vizzes, 2 Useful Tableau Tips and 1 Dangerous One
I believe in the creative power of play in any discipline. Data visualization is no different. I've acquired new skills and grown in ways I would have never predicted, all because I spent a little bit of time playing with a data set I found intriguing. Here are a three recent side projects of mine, and a useful tip that comes from each.
1. Play specific YouTube video segments when users click on corresponding marks
I'm pretty sure most of you were aware that it was (the real) "Back to the Future Day" this past October 21st. To celebrate the occasion, as any data-loving 80s kid would want to do, I created a dashboard using what I call dimension line charts to show all 13 trips the DeLorean time machine took over the course of the trilogy.
The dashboard gives the reader the ablity to watch the movie clip associated with each DeLorean trip by clicking on the corresponding arrows. To add this feature, I first had to find a video on YouTube that includes each time travel clip back-to-back. Then, I had to grab the embed URL for the video:
Finally, I had to add the embed URL with the following parameters to each row in the spreadsheet I created:
Where XXX and YYY are the start and stop times in seconds, respectively. The "&autoplay=1″ parameter means the user doesn't have to click the arrow and then click play. Clicking the arrow automatically starts the video clip.
Great Scott, that's a cool tip!
2. Use the TODAY() function to have a countdown clock in your dashboard update every day
The genesis for this next project came from eyeo. I had the chance to present at the eyeo conference last year, and the day of my presentation happened to be both a Friday the 13th and a full moon. Spooky, right? I wondered how often these two events coincided, so I found a calendar listing of each one, and figured out all the instances in which they occurred or will occur on the exact same day:
The helpful tip that comes from this side project is the use of the function TODAY(). To create the "Days Till Next" table on the far right hand side of the dashboard, I first created the following three calculated fields, the first to pull in the date value for "today", the second to compute the number of days between today and each given event, and the third to null out events that have already happened in the past:
Next, I created a new Sheet and placed MIN(DaysTillNext) on the Text shelf, like so:
What's great about this technique is that every day you load the dashboard, Tableau Public server will update all of these calculated fields, including the day that TODAY() maps to, and give you a brand new countdown. Who says Tableau Public dashboards don't update automatically?
3. Invert the y-axis to stack marks downward — if you dare!
The third side-project was undertaken on the 166th anniversary of Edgar Allen Poe's mysterious death. It was born out of a simple question: How many works of literature did the revered writer and poet produce over the course of his life? The following dashboard stacks 150 red boxes, one beneath the other, over the course of two and a half decades to visualize his prolific career:
WARNING: This is a dangerous technique! Just ask Christine Chan, who's "Gun Deaths in Florida" viz, which used a similar technique, drew the widespread and harsh ire of the internet. People called her graphic "misleading" and "deceptive" for making something that was getting worse look to many like it was getting better.
Fair enough. I feel that in this case, the stacked boxes in the Poe viz isn't as likely to be misinterpreted as a line chart which slopes "downward" from one value to a greater value. We're just stacking boxes here, and it's pretty clear that 1845 has "more" boxes than 1844, not less. By why do it at all? Why risk misleading with the inverted y-axis? It's for dramatic effect – it makes it appear like blood is falling down onto Poe's head. Dramatic effect is a double-edged sword, though, so tread with caution.
And to open the Pandora's Box on this technique, simply right click on the axis you want to reverse (it can be the x-axis or the y-axis), and check the "Reversed" box:
Thanks, I hope you enjoy these side projects as much as I did. I hope you find the tips helpful (and that you don't burn yourself on them!). What side projects have you learned from lately?
Book Review: Storytelling with Data
I had the pleasure of reading Cole Nussbaumer Knaflic's recently released book Storytelling with Data over the past week. I highly recommend it to anyone who uses charts and graphs to convey a data-driven message to an audience – that is to say, basically everyone.
In brief: Cole shows what clear and well-designed visualizations look like, and explains why they're effective. She also gives sound advice on practices to avoid in most cases, such as pie charts, 3D views and dual axes. She stops a good exit short of Dogmaville, though, explaining that you should be able to give a good explanation why you're using a challenging chart type if you decide to go that route.
Well beyond merely choosing chart types, the value of this book is that you will learn how to eliminate clutter, focus attention on what matters, and de-emphasize everything else. The pages are filled with high quality before and after images that bring the subject to full color and show you what "good" looks like.
She doesn't deal with "How" from a tools perspective – her techniques and principles can be put into practice using pretty much any tool from Excel to Tableau to D3. And she doesn't talk about "data dashboards" that are characterized by multiple charts and graphs placed side-by-side. The book deals entirely with individual visualizations and how they can be designed, annotated, and shown in sequence to tell a story and build to a coherent conclusion.
I especially enjoyed chapters 7 and 8, where Cole gleans lessons from theater, cinema and fiction and then shows how they can be applied to crafting a story with data, including determining flow and storyboarding. Chapter 8 concludes with a great example that I have attempted to recreate here using the Tableau Story Points feature. Note that this interactive graphic is entirely adapted from Cole's work, not mine, and if you want to understand the principles behind this specific example, I encourage you to read the book:
Excerpted with permission of the publisher, Wiley, from Storytelling with Data: A Data Visualization Guide for Business Professionals by Cole Nussbaumer Knaflic. Copyright © 2015 by Cole Nussbaumer Knaflic. All rights reserved. This book is available at all booksellers.
The book concludes with case studies that deal with special topics like survey data, animating visualizations, slopegraphs, alternatives to pies, and strategies to "avoid the spaghetti graph." In each of these cases, what I really appreciated about the book is that Cole doesn't merely provide platitudes, she shows with clear visuals what works well and what doesn't work as well. The book reminded me of Naomi Robbin's Creating More Effective Graphs in that regard.
If you've also read the book, leave a comment below and tell us what you think. I've added this book to my Recommended Books page. Note that Cole also has a blog that you can follow if you find her instruction helpful.
A Pew Chart Redesign
I'm a huge fan of the Pew Research Center. They consistently publish interesting statistical insights about society in well-designed visual form.
Recently I saw this chart tweeted by Conrad Hackett that Pew published about a year ago showing which news outlets Americans of different political ideologies prefer as their main source of news about government and politics:
Pluses and Deltas
Pluses: It's a clean design and easy to see the relative proportions for each particular ideology. There is no clutter in this chart. Obviously it's an interesting data story that is very relevant to the news in the United States today.
Deltas: I believe there's an opportunity to improve the ease with which a reader can track the popularity of the various news outlets across the different ideology group columns. Right now it's tough to see, for example, how the popularity of CNN, or Fox News compares across the ideological groups. You have to scan the bars and read each label to find them. To make this comparison easier, we can use color to link the outlets across the columns, and we can arrange the rows so as to make the relative popularity of particular outlets immediately apparent. Here are three different chart redesigns:
Three Alternatives:
First, we can simply add color to the bars, a hover action to highlight the bars, and a URL action to open the outlet source when a reader clicks on the bars:
Second, we can use the rows differently, so that instead of arranging them by rank, we give each outlet it's own row. This has the added benefit of showing us how many outlets there are in total, and which outlets aren't in the top 5 for each group:
Lastly, we can keep the table format and switch the primary encoding from bar length to cell saturation:
I'm curious to know what you think, so here is an informal, unscientific poll of readers of this site:
Avoiding Data Pitfalls, Part 3: Confusing Colors
This is the 3rd in a blog post series called "Avoiding Data Pitfalls" (1st, 2nd) that I'll conclude with this blog post, as I'm turning the rest of the content into a book that I hope to publish next year.
There's a pitfall that's quite easy to fall into when creating dashboards with multiple charts and graphs: using color in ways that confuse people. There are many ways to confuse with color, including the oft-maligned red-green encoding that color blind viewers can't decipher. That's just one of many, though, and I'd like to use this blog post to illustrate three additional versions of the "confusing color" pitfall that I see people like myself fall into quite often.
Then, I'll wrap it up by talking about the design goal that I aspire to achieve any time I create a dashboard with multiple views.
Color Pitfall #1. Using the same color hue for two different variables
The example for the first type of this common pitfall comes from a New York City Marathon dashboard (click the "Participation Trends" option at the top) that was created using Qlik. Qlik is a competitor to the company I work for, Tableau, but let me be clear that the product Qlik makes isn't to blame for the mistake, here. I see this error made with any and every data dashboard product, including Tableau.
Without further ado, here is the portion of the dashboard that I propose could be improved upon by using a different color scheme:
Following my tenet to provide critique with humility, here are some pluses (things I like) and deltas (things I would change) about this dashboard:
Pluses: I like the use of color in the histogram that shows the clear cut-off points, where finishers cross the line in droves immediately before the turning of the hour, especially the 4th hour of the race. This shows how goal-setting can affect the performance of a population, and it's fascinating.
Deltas: Notice that the same green hue, though, applies to the increase in number of finishers from Italy, Netherlands, people who finished between 4 and 5 hours, and Switzerland. Likewise, the same yellow is used to encode the increase in the number of finishers from Germany, Mexico, and people who finished between 5 and 6 hours after starting. Similarly, red has multiple meanings. Of course there is no actual relation between these particular groups, though it may seem like there is at first glance.
To avoid this confusion, I propose using entirely different color schemes for the histogram and the treemap (and not repeating any colors within the treemap itself), or, better yet, not putting these two charts next to each other at all, as they tell completely different stories.
Color Pitfall #2. Using the same color saturation for different magnitudes of the same variable
Similarly, I've made the mistake of using the same color saturation to effectively create two conflicting color legends for the exact same dashboard. Consider this trivial (population?) map that I created with data about mileage of California roads by county to illustrate the point:
Notice that there are two different sequential color legends on the dashboard that use the exact same turquoise color (R:0,G:102,B:99). In the choropleth, the fully saturated turquoise color maps to a specific county (Los Angeles County) with 21,747 total miles of roads. In the bar chart, the full turquoise color saturation maps to a specific road type (Local roads) with a total of 108,283 miles for the entire state. Just eyeing the dashboard in passing, the viewer may connect Los Angeles County with Local roads, and think they are connected. Or, the reader may look at the wrong color legend (if both are in fact included) and be misled about how many miles of road the county or type actually include.
From a software UI perspective, this error was easy to make because all I had to do was drag the "Miles" data field to the Tableau Color shelf in the map Sheet, and also drag it to the Color shelf in the bar chart Sheet. These two Sheets have totally different aggregation types, but I can easily force the same color encoding if I'm not paying attention.
How to Avoid this 2nd Type of Color Pitfall
Notice that the color encoding on the bar chart is actually redundant. We already know the relative proportions of the miles of different road types by the lengths of their corresponding bars, which is quite effective all by itself. Why also include Miles on the color shelf, especially considering the fact that the color would conflict with the choropleth map, where color is totally necessary?
My colleague Dash Davidson came up with a good solution: remove color from the bars altogether and just leave an outline around them:
Color Pitfall #3. Using too many color encodings on one dashboard
It's very common to use too many color schemes on a dashboard, especially with big corporate dashboards where the various stakeholders call for everything but the kitchen sink to be added to the view.
Here's a dashboard I create to illustrate the point – my first dashboard that uses the Sales SuperStore sample dashboard that comes with Tableau Desktop:
In this dashboard we see not just one red-green color encodings but two, and they have different extremes for the exact same measure (Profit). We also see red and green used in the scatterplot encoding, but now they refer to different regions instead of different profit levels. Finally, we have another bar chart that uses no color scheme, but each bar is blue – the same color as the Central region in the scatterplot.
You get the point. This isn't what we want to create. I think I broke all of the rules in creating this one.
My Design Aspiration: One (and only one) color encoding per dashboard
This goal isn't always possible, but as much as possible, I try to include one and only one color scheme on every dashboard I create. The reason is that I find it takes me a lot longer to figure out what's going on in someone else's dashboard when they've used more than one. It's that simple.
This means I often have to make a tough choice – which is the variable (quantitative or categorical) that will be blessed with the one and only one color encoding on the dashboard? It'll become the variable that receives the most attention, so it should be the one that is most related to the primary task the user will perform when using the dashboard.
For example, if the dashboard was created for a sales meeting in which the directors of each US sales region talk about what's working well and what's not working well in their respective regions, then the "Region" attribute could very well take the honored place of prominence:
I hope this was helpful! Do you have any pet peeves or recommendations when it comes to using colors on data dashboards?
Thanks for reading,
My 3 Basic Tenets of Data Visualization
I have a few thoughts I'd like to put out there, in the spirit of contributing to the ongoing dialogue within the field of data visualization. I'm still relatively new to this field, having participated as a practitioner, consultant and teacher for about ten years. That decade has left me with more questions than answers, and I find more opportunities than ever to expand my knowledge and skill set, and more people than ever with unique perspectives to learn from.
There are a few things, though, that I feel particularly passionate about. The three concepts I describe below amount to "tenets" that I'd like to humbly propose others in the field consider adopting. I definitely didn't receive them in the form of a carved stone tablet from on high. It's just stuff I think is true and important.
1. There are no black and white rules
I don't believe that we can ever declare that a particular visualization type or design decision either "works" or "doesn't work". This binary approach is very tempting, I'll admit. We get to feel confident that we're avoiding some huge mistake, and we get to feel better about ourselves when we see someone else breaking that particular rule. I started off in this field with that mindset.
The more I've seen and experienced, though, the more I prefer a sliding gray scale of effectiveness over the black-and-white "works" / "doesn't work" paradigm. It's true that some choices work better than others, but it's highly dependent on the objective, audience and context. This paradigm makes it harder to decide what to do and what not to do, but I believe this approach embraces the complexity inherent in the task of communicating with other hearts and minds.
Sometimes the most effective choice in a particular situation might surprise us. Consider two analogous examples: chess and writing. Data visualization is like chess in that both involve a huge number of alternative "moves". Garry Kasparov decided to sacrifice his queen early in a game against Vladimir Kramnik in 1994. He went on to win that game in decisive fashion. Data visualization is like writing in that both involve communicating complex thoughts and emotions to an audience. Cormac McCarthy decided to eschew virtually all punctuation in his 2009 novel The Road. He won the Pulitzer Prize for that novel. Would I recommend either of those decisions to a novice? No, but I wouldn't eliminate them from the set of all possible solutions, either. This diagram in Tamara Munzner's Visualization Analysis & Design illustrates why:
If we start with a larger consideration space, it's more likely to contain a good solution. On the other hand, labeling certain visualization types as "bad" and eliminating them from the set of possible solutions paints us into a corner. Why do that?
For example, consider the word cloud. Most would argue that it's not terribly useful. Some have even argued that it's downright harmful. There's a good reason for that, and in certain situations it is harmful. It's difficult to make precise comparisons using this chart type, without a doubt. And using a word cloud to analyze or describe blocks of text, such as a political debate, is often misleading as the words are considered entirely out of context. Fair enough. Let's banish all word clouds, then, right? Let's malign any software product that makes it possible to create one, right?
I wouldn't go so far. Word clouds have a valid use, as well, even if it is rare. What if we had a few brief moments during a presentation to impress upon a large room of people, including some sitting way in the back, that there are only a handful of most commonly used passwords, and they are pretty ridiculous. Wouldn't a word cloud suffice? Would you choose a bar chart, a treemap or a packed bubble over a word cloud, in this scenario? You decide:
I admit it – I'd likely choose the word cloud in the scenario I described. The passwords jump right off the screen at my audience, even for the folks in the back. It doesn't matter to me whether they can tell that 'password' is used 1.23 times more frequently than '123456'. That level of precision isn't required for the task I need them to carry out. The other chart types all suffer from the fact that only a fraction of the words fit in the view. The audience can't scan the full list at a glance to get a general sense of what's contained in it – names, numbers, sports, batman.
If what you take from this example is that Ben thinks word clouds are awesome, you've completely missed my meaning. In most instances, word clouds aren't very good at all, just like sacrificing one's queen or omitting quotation marks entirely from a novel. But every now and then, they fit the need pretty well. We could probably come up with other scenarios where we would choose one of the other three chart types instead. Choosing a particular chart type depends on many factors. That's a good thing, and frankly, I love that about data visualization.
2. Critique needs to be given with humility
Since there are so many variables in play, and since we hardly ever know the objective, the audience, or the full context of a particular project, we need to be humble when providing a critique of someone else's data visualization. All we see is a single snapshot of the visual. Was this created as part of a larger presentation or write-up? Did it also include a verbal component when delivered? What knowledge, skills and attitudes did the intended audience members possess? What are the tasks that needed to be carried out associated with the visualization? What level of precision was necessary to carry out those tasks?
These questions, and many more, really matter. If you're the kind of person who scoffs at the very mention of word clouds, your critique of my example above would be swift and harsh. And it would largely be misguided.
Open dialogue is necessary in data visualization, and healthy debate should be encouraged. When engaging in dialogue and debate, though, I try to remind myself that I don't know all the details. Seeking to understand some of these details is an important first step. Then providing a few "pluses" and a few "deltas" almost always works. What works well (pluses), and what ideas do I have to make the visualization work better (deltas)? It's really not that hard.
3. Freedom to innovate is necessary for growth
Lastly, I enjoy that there are so many creative and talented people in this space who are trying new things. I believe that freedom to innovate is necessary for any field to thrive, and I try to do what I can to make sure such a freedom persists in data visualization.
Making blanket statements about certain visualization types, design choices, tools, or even individuals or groups in this space isn't helpful, and tends to reduce the overall spirit of freedom to innovate. I don't have data to back that up, by the way, it's just the way I feel. You may agree or disagree.
And "innovation" doesn't just involve creating new chart types. It can also include using existing chart types in new and creative ways. Or applying current techniques to new and interesting data sets. Or combining data visualization with other forms of expression, visual or otherwise. As long as we can have a respectful and considerate dialogue about what works well and what could be done to improve on the innovation, I say bring it on.
Adding the winning ideas to the known solution space is good for us all.
I hope these tenets make sense to you. Let me know if you agree, if you'd change anything about my list, or if you'd add any tenets of your own.
How to Make a Scatterplot with Marginal Histograms in Tableau
First, apologies for the blog post drought! It was that kind of summer. It's good to be back, though, and I hope you've been well.
Scatterplots are my favorite visualization type, hands down. From my very first interactive data graphic about The Great One to the most recent visualization below on major league pitchers, I've learned a great deal from these Cartesian classics over the years. In this post I'll show you how to make them even better than the standard ones in Tableau.
Recently, Shine Pulikathara published a scatterplot of NFL player heights and weights that included two marginal histograms – one for each axis. I tweeted that I liked it, and Lynn Cherny replied that it's pretty common to see this kind of thing in R:
@DataRemixed those are pretty common in R plots
— Lynn Cherny (@arnicas) September 14, 2015
She's right, and it turns out that it's also a common convention with other statistical graphing platforms, like Matlab and Plotly. It's called a Scatterplot with Marginal Histograms. While Tableau has scatterplots and histograms as standard chart types, it doesn't automatically combine them for you into a single view. The goods news, though, is that it's fairly easy to combine them using a dashboard with three sheets. There's only one small trick to make the charts interact the way you want, which I'll cover below. If you want to follow along, download 2015pitchingstats.xlsx.
First, here is the finished version, showing pitchers "skill" (Earned Run Average, or ERA) and "luck" (Runs Scored by their team, or RS) so far in the 2015 season:
Now, let's consider the four easy steps to create a scatterplot with marginal histograms:
Step 1: Create the Three Sheets
This part is fairly straightforward – create a scatterplot and two histograms as three separate sheets in the same workbook. To create the scatterplot, drag ERA to Columns, RS to Rows, W% to Color, Player to Label, and then add two Average reference lines, like this:
Next, to create the first histogram, create a new sheet, click on the Measure (say, ERA), click Show Me in the top right, and then choose Histogram. Do the same in another new sheet with RS, but click the Rotate icon in the top icon bar to flip the RS histogram 90°. Notice that two new data fields appear in the Measures area: "ERA (bin)" and "RS (bin)". Right click to edit these fields and change the "Size of bins" to be 0.25 and hide the axes.
Step 2: Add the Histogram Bin Dimensions to the Scatterplot Chart Detail
Without this step, you won't be able to get the sheets to interact together in the dashboard. Go back to the scatterplot sheet you created in Step 1 and drag both "ERA (bin)" and "RS (bin)" to Detail. You should now see these two fields listed in the Marks card area:
Step 3: Add the Three Sheets to a Dashboard
Next, create a new dashboard and add the three sheets you created in Step 1. Aligning the histograms with the scatterplot is the one messy part of this method. Add blanks to the left and right of the ERA histogram, and above and below the RS histogram. Drag the blanks until the extreme bars of the histogram align with the extreme points of the scatterplot:
Step 4: Create Two Highlight Actions:
The last step is to get the sheets to interact with each other. There are lots of ways they could potentially interact, but here's what I'd like to see happen:
- When I hover my mouse cursor over any of the histogram bars, the corresponding circles on the scatterplot highlight
- When I hover my mouse cursor over any of the scatterplot circles, the corresponding histogram bars highlight
To do this, create two new dashboard actions by clicking Dashboard > Actions > Add Action > Highlight, and fill out the dialog boxes as follows:
That's it! For finishing touches, I added a title, lead-in paragraph, data source and last accessed note, four area annotations to define the four quadrants, and two mark annotations to call out points of interest. I also edited the two Average reference lines to uncheck "Show recalculated line for highlighted or selected data points". This was strictly a matter of preference, and you may not decide to modify the reference lines in that way.
Other Variations
Here are a couple other variations that don't involve the binning concept inherent in histograms, and therefore don't required Step 2 above:
Scatterplot with Marginal Box-and-Whisker-Plots
Scatterplot with Marginal Hash Lines
Thanks for reading! I hope you found this helpful. Let me know if you have any further tips by leaving a comment. Also, I'm curious, which of the three variations – marginal historgrams, box plots, or hash lines – do you prefer?
Nature and Viz
I spend a lot of my free time with my family in nature, and it occurred to me recently that there is something particularly captivating about data visualizations that resemble nature. It makes sense if you think about it. As a species, we're awed and inspired by majestic landscapes, and we're drawn in by the intricate patterns we see in the world around us.
It's the same with data visualizations. We use words like "enlightening," "stunning," and "beautiful" to describe the really good ones. Some people tire of the use of these adjectives, but I think there's a good reason they have found their application here. They describe our inner experience.
To illustrate the point, I chose five visualizations published to the new Tableau Public "Greatest Hits" gallery and found five corresponding images from nature.
Here is the same content posted to Slideshare:
I'm not suggesting we all go out and start making visualizations that look like sand dunes or tadpoles, as appealing they might look. And relatively few visualizations will work in "petri dish" form, though one about rapidly growing companies just might be in that small set. I'm just sharing my observation that I tend to stop and look closely at patterns that are familiar.
And we can take an important cue from nature as well. Many of nature's patterns are both mesmerizing and incredibly informative, like the tree rings that encode important data about the life of a tree. If you can inspire as well as inform, then why wouldn't you do both? Nature does.
Thanks for stopping by,
On Visualizing Data Well
William Zinsser, 92, died last week. Zinsser, author of On Writing Well, the classic guide to writing nonfiction, has been an inspiration to writers and aspiring writers since he first published his manual in 1976. Douglas Martin of the New York Times has written an excellent obituary on Zinsser.
1.5 million copies of On Writing Well have been sold to people all around the world who care about "getting the words right", as Ernest Hemingway put it. I first read On Writing Well before launching this website four years ago, and I referred to it countless times while writing my first book, Communicating Data With Tableau (O'Reilly, 2014). Zinsser's book taught me to respect sentences and words more than I had before. Or, to put it another way, it made me realize that my writing sucked. It was a harsh realization at the time, but I needed to know that upfront. I'd like to think that my writing sucks a little less thanks to Zinsser.
As I read On Writing Well it struck me that his advice for communicating well with words applies directly to the craft of communicating visually with data. His seven principles in Part I – The Transaction, Simplicity, Clutter, Style, The Audience, Words, and Usage – could be written about visualizing data as well.
Let's call it On Visualizing Data Well:
1. The Transaction
Zinsser opened his classic book by teaching that "the product that any writer has to sell is not the subject being written about, but who he or she is." (emphasis mine). The transaction, then, is a personal one – the reader is drawn in by the "enthusiasm of the writer for his field," and the two most important qualities that result are "humanity and warmth."
The same is true when someone examines the product created by a data visualizer. The humanity of the visualizer should shine though:
- What does the person creating the visualization think about the topic?
- Why does he or she care about this topic?
- How does he or she feel about it?
- Do you know something more about them, not just their topic?
Take another look at one of the most talked about visualizations of 2014, Periscopic's animated U.S. Gun Deaths. Regardless of what you think about the design, form or aesthetic of the final product, you can't help but feel the emotions of those who created it. Is there any doubt about what they're trying to say, and more importantly, why they're saying it? Kim Rees and her team brought their own humanity to the transaction:
2. Simplicity
Zinsser taught that "the secret of good writing is to strip every sentence to its cleanest components," and that there are a "thousand and one adulterants that weaken the strength of a sentence." Here's an example he gives of "the clotted language of everyday American commerce:"
"The airline pilot who announces that he is presently anticipating experiencing considerable precipitation wouldn't think of saying it may rain."
It's easy to laugh at this bloated phrase because we see it all the time, and we even fall prey to it ourselves. The same is true when we communicate with data. The lesson is that we shouldn't overcomplicate the message.
This lesson is often misunderstood to mean that we should dumb down the message, or only choose simplistic messages in the first place. This interpretation is wrong. Just as a writer sometimes seeks to articulate a profound thought, we sometimes seek to show relationships that are complex. That's okay, and we shouldn't shrink from that challenge in the name of simplicity. But if there's a clear way to show it, then we should show it clearly. In the words of Albert Einstein, "everything should be made as simple as possible, but not simpler."
3. Clutter
Zinsser wrote "writing improves in direct ratio to the number of things we keep out of it that shouldn't be there." He opens his third chapter with a funny example from the annals of U.S. history:
"Consider what President Nixon's aide John Dean accomplished in just one day of testimony on television during the Watergate hearings. The next day everyone in America was saying 'at this point in time' instead of 'now'."
His admonition is to "examine every word you put on paper." When working with his students at Yale, Zinsser would "put brackets around every component in a piece of writing that wasn't doing useful work." Sound familiar? Edward Tufte's notion of chartjunk is the same notion. Designers and artists celebrate the white space in their creations. Obviously we shouldn't remove every pixel, just the ones that aren't doing any work. The trick is knowing which is which.
4. Style
Next Zinsser addresses the objection that reducing a writing product to its simplest form leaves no room for style. He concedes that "simplicity carried to an extreme might seem to point to a style little more sophisticated than 'Dick likes Jane' and 'See Spot run'."
In data viz, the corollary to these preschool sentences is the bar chart. Simple, easy to understand, but no flair. We're in familiar territory. It's the never-ending "clarity vs. beauty" debate. But it's a false dichotomy. Clarity and beauty are not mutually exclusive. Of course we can achieve both. Information visualization design firm Accurat does it all the time. Here's an example of their work:
How can we achieve both simplicity and style? Clarity and beauty? Zinsser's advice for writers applies to us, too. There's a reason his chapter on style follows the previous two. A singer with loads of personality who sings out of tune won't sell records. A carpenter who adds bevels and carvings galore to a chair that doesn't hold your weight won't stay in business for long. "This is the problem of writers who set out deliberately to garnish their prose." Zinsser uses the wood-working analogy to show us the way:
"Extending the metaphor of carpentry, it's first necessary to be able to saw wood neatly and to drive nails. Later you can bevel the edges or add elegant finials, if that's your taste. But you can never forget that you are practicing a craft that's based on certain principles."
To create a data visualization that is both clear and beautiful, we first must get the raw materials and basic proportions right. Only then we can add what Willard Cope Brinton calls "judicious embellishment of charts". What's judicious? Fortunately, as Zinsser puts it, "there is no style store", and you'll have to answer that for yourself. Your audience will also have an opinion on the matter.
5. The Audience
Speaking of audience, Zinsser addresses this critical element in the fifth chapter of his masterpiece. We often talk about "knowing your audience" in data viz, and user-centered design in product development. It's a very popular topic. I even give similar platitudes in the first chapter of my own book.
But Zinsser gives what at first seems like shocking advice on this subject. He says:
"You are writing for yourself. Don't try to visualize the great mass audience. There is no such audience – every reader is a different person."
Only write for yourself and don't even consider who will see your work? Really? He clarifies by differentiating between a mechanical act ("work hard to master the tools") and a creative act ("the expressing of who you are"). If you lose someone through sloppy workmanship, then it's your fault. If you lose someone because they don't like what you have to say, don't worry. "You are who you are, he is who he is, and either you'll get along or you won't."
In other words, care about your audience's ability to decipher your message, and get that part right, but don't care about whether they'll agree with you or like you. Just say what you need to say based on what you find in the data.
6. Words
Zinsser's sixth chapter, entitled Words, deals with avoiding "cheap words, made-up words and cliché that have become so pervasive that a writer can hardly help using them." His advice: "You must fight these phrases or you'll sound like every hack."
Do we have clichés in the world of data viz? Yes, we do. We all seek to imitate others in some way. The cliché in any field is just the tacky or ineffective element that people continue to use in spite of the fact that it's bad, just because others use it. Think Periodic Tables and Subway Maps.
At the Tapestry Conference in 2014, Martin Wattenberg and Fernanda Viegas gave a presentation on genres in data visualization. They explained how we often use a shared language that gives our readers shortcuts to understanding. While this can be good, we are in danger of getting stuck in these genres, which can become formulaic.
Here's their full presentation:
Wattenberg and Viegas say the key is awareness. Awareness of the elements of the genre or genres we're in, and those elements to which we really shouldn't adhere, because they don't work or are tacky. We have to care enough to examine each element and root it out if it's cliché, regardless of what our peers might be doing. According to Zinsser, "the only way to avoid it is to care deeply about words." We also have to care about the data.
7. Usage
Zinsser's last principle is about determining whether what's new should be "ushered in" as accepted practice, or whether it should be "thrown out on [its] ear." For any field to be vibrant and thriving, and for it to be at all fun, it must be fluid and not static. Is data viz fluid, or is it static?
Just as there is "no king to establish the King's English," there is no anointed panel to accept or reject new methods or tools in data viz, at least not that I know of. We all get to cast a vote by what we use. One of the chief values that innovators like Accurat and Periscopic bring to the field of data viz is a fresh take on this business of communicating with data. We all get to observe one another's work, and if we keep the principles in mind, the history books will determine what gets kept and what gets left behind.
I'm confident that we'll get the pixels right.
Thanks for reading,
Sunset Color Palettes
Earlier this week I was visiting family in Ventura County, California. I had a nice view of the sunset one evening, and I noticed how much the color palette of the sky changed in seven minute increments. I used an iPhone to snap the pictures, Instant Eyedropper for Windows to pull out the hex codes of the uploaded images, and the website Color-hex.com to create the color squares beneath. Enjoy!


text:
PC Components
Your Filters
Compare products
AMD Radeon HD 6990 graphics card
- 44 users want this
- Full Review
WoW Cataclysm MMO Gaming Mouse
- 2 users want this
- Full Review
Nvidia GeForce GTX 560 Ti
- 29 users want this
- Full Review
Swiftpoint Mouse
- 16 users want this
- Full Review
AMD Radeon HD 6950 graphics card
- 25 users want this
- Full Review
Razer Starcraft II Spectre Gaming Mouse
- 3 users want this
- Full Review
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 580 graphics card
- 14 users want this
- Full Review
Microsoft Arc Touch mouse
- 2 users want this
- Full Review
AMD Radeon HD 6850 graphics card
- 15 users want this
- Full Review
AMD Radeon HD 6870 graphics card
- 7 users want this
- Full Review
Sapphire Radeon HD5670 graphics card
Sapphire Radeon HD 5850 graphics card
Apple Magic Trackpad
Harman Kardon GLA-55 speakers
- 59 users want this
- Full Review
ATI Radeon HD 5550 (1GB) graphics card
- 6 users want this
- Full Review
CyberPower Value 600E-GP UPS
- 10 users want this
- Full Review
Lenovo Mini Wireless Keyboard N5901
- 9 users want this
- Full Review
Zotac GeForce GTX 480 graphics card
HP USB PS2 Washable Keyboard
Bowers & Wilkins MM-1 PC speakers
- 14 users want this
- Full Review
Father's Day Gift Guide
Most Popular Reviews
- 1 Witness a 241% Australian price hike: Dell Latitude 7370 review
- 2 Is this the best value phone on the market? Moto G4 Plus review
- 3 Sony Xperia X Performance review: Sony's most disappointing product in years
- 4 Huawei P9 review: lifting photography to another level... sometimes.
- 5 Huawei Mate 8 review: probably the best all-round Android phone you can buy
Join the PC World newsletter!
Best Deals on PC World
Latest News Articles
- AMD packs 1TB SSD into a GPU for better VR and gaming
- AMD's new SSG Technology blends an SSD with a GPU?!
- AMD's Radeon Pro WX GPUs can create VR content for under $1,000
- Nvidia's latest Quadro GPU delivers a blistering 12 teraflops of performance
- Gaming desktops with AMD Zen chips will be hard to come by this year
Business Centre
The latest business news, reviews, features and whitepapers
Online Shop
Visit our shop for the best deals on hot products
Watch our video news and reviews from around the world
Comprehensive buying guides, features, and step-by-step articles
GGG Evaluation Team
Kathy Cassidy
First impression on unpacking the Q702 test unit was the solid feel and clean, minimalist styling.
Anthony Grifoni
For work use, Microsoft Word and Excel programs pre-installed on the device are adequate for preparing short documents.
Steph Mundell
The Fujitsu LifeBook UH574 allowed for great mobility without being obnoxiously heavy or clunky. Its twelve hours of battery life did not disappoint.
Andrew Mitsi
The screen was particularly good. It is bright and visible from most angles, however heat is an issue, particularly around the Windows button on the front, and on the back where the battery housing is located.
Simon Harriott
My first impression after unboxing the Q702 is that it is a nice looking unit. Styling is somewhat minimalist but very effective. The tablet part, once detached, has a nice weight, and no buttons or switches are located in awkward or intrusive positions.
Latest Jobs
- FTSocial Media AssistantQLD
- CCSenior Systems SpecialistNSW
- CCContract Programmer (JAVA/J2EE/SQL) 160729/P/698Asia
- FTSenior Technical ConsultantVIC
- CC.NET DeveloperQLD
- CCCRM Technical Consultant / DeveloperNSW
- FTSystems Applications ManagerACT
- CCProject Manager CCTVNSW
- CCCisco CCIE Certified Network EngineerWA
- CCSenior Security SpecialistNSW
- FTMobile DeveloperWA
- CCProject CoordinatorACT
- FTMidrange Server Provision SMENSW
- CCService Coordinator/HelpdeskWA
- FTPortfolio & Program Management ManagerVIC
- FTDesktop Specialist - Application PackagingACT
- CCNetwork Designer/ConsultantVIC
- CCEnvironment Support AnalystQLD
- FTSharePoint DeveloperSA
- CCSenior Systems AdministratorQLD
- CCUX / UI Visual DesignerNSW
- CCChange CoordinatorNSW
- CCDatabase AdministratorNSW
- CCSenior Change ManagerVIC
- CCContract IT Assistant (SQL/Windows) 160804/ITA/151Asia

subset: commoncrawl


text:
John Harrington, retiring St. Paul police chief, may run for MN Senate
John Harrington said today he may run to replace retiring state Senator Mee Moua, who made the surprise announcement on Sunday that she would not seek a third term.
Harrington is ending his one-term stint as St. Paul police chief June 30.
He announced a while back that he would not stay on as top cop, and his replacement has already been chosen: Assistant Police Chief Thomas Smith.
Harrington was a finalist for the top cop job in New Orleans, but the city chose someone else. Now it looks like Harrington is seeking his next big challenge.
Hat tip, Pioneer Press, for breaking the story online today:
"I'm considering it," Harrington said this morning, saying he hopes to make a decision in a matter of days. "I'm hoping to talk to a couple more people ... including Senator Moua."
Moua represents the 67th Senate District of Minnesota, the highest elected office held by a Hmong-American.
Get the This Week's Top Stories Newsletter
Every week we collect the latest news, music and arts stories — along with film and food reviews and the best things to do this week — so that you'll never miss City Pages' biggest stories.
In Case You Missed It
Popular Stories
Sponsor Content


text: While most theater companies slow down during the dog days of summer, the New American Shakespeare Tavern continues its tradition of speeding up. Thanks to its AUGUST AND SEPTEMBER REPERTORY, you can see a different play every night beginning Thurs., AUG. 21, many of which are remounts from the season that just finished. The lineup switches each time, but this week, for instance, you can catch the rarely performed history play King John on Thursday, the classic comedies Much Ado About Nothing and Twelfth Night on Friday and Saturday, respectively, and the irreverent modern take on The Bard, The Complete Works of Shakespeare (abridged) on Sunday. Through Sept. 28. $12-$32. Thurs.-Sat., 7:30 p.m.; Sun., 6:30 p.m. 499 Peachtree St. 404-874-5299. www.shakespearetavern.com.


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Publication date
|Jun 16, 1908
|Filing date
|Jul 18, 1907
|Priority date
|Jul 18, 1907
|Publication number
|Randolph E S Geare
|Original Assignee
|Randolph E S Geare
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Referenced by (17), Classifications (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
No. 890,764. PATENTED JUNE 16, 1908. R. E. S. GBARE. DREDGING APPARATUS. APPLIGATIOK FILED JULY18, 1907.
3 SHEETS-SHEET l.
No. 890,764. PATENTED JUNE 16, 1908.
R. B. s. GBARE.
g? 90% Q/wny RANDOLPH n. s. GEARE, or NEW YORK, v. v.
v "DREDGIN G 'APPARATUS.
Specificationof Letters Patent.
Patented June is, 1908.
Application filed. July 18, 1907. Serial No. 384,3d1.
T 0 all whom it may concern:
Be it known that l, RANDOLPH E. S.
GEARE, a citizen of the United tates, and a resident of the city and State of New York,
have im ented certain Improvements in Dredging Appara is a specification.
This invention relates to certain improvements in dredging apparatus, and has for its object to provide an apparatus of this gentus, of which the following eralcharacter of a comparatively simple and I inexpensive nature and of a strong and compact construction which shall becapable of convenient and effective operation at various depths for removing and elevating sand and the l to be adap'tedfor employment in 1' harbors, deepening water-ways and the re in a rapid and economical manner.
v The invention consists in part, in an appa' ratus'of this general character compris ng a.
rotary pump and a motor therefor, said pump and motor being connected for opera tion at the bottom of a water-way, means for supplying energy to said motor to operate the same, and a discharge conduit extend ed from the pump and extended upwardly therefrom for discharge of sand and the like therefrom.
The -in *ution also consists, in part, in a float or barge carrying receptacles wherein the sand discharged from said conduit is adapted to be received', said receptacles having means for discharging therefrom the. water supplied from said conduit so that the sand is permitted to settlewithin the recep tacles and is retained therein while such water supplied therewith is discharged from the receptacles.
The invention also contemplates -certain novel features ofthe construction, and com binations and arrangements of the several parts of the improved dredging apparatus, Wherebycertain important advantages are attained and the apparatus is rendered simpler, cheaper and otherwise better adapted and more convenient and economical for use,
. all .as will be hereinafter fully'set forth.
The novel features of the invention will be carefully defined 1n the claims.
In the accompanying drawmgs, which serve to illustrate my invention-Figure 1 is an axial section taken through the casing of the pump and motor andshowing various. features of construction thereof as will be hereinafter explained; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the casing for the pump and motor of the improved apparatus, showing the rods and connections for elevating and lowering said casing and for laterally moving and guiding the same; Fig. 3 is a general sectional view taken transversely through a barge or float provided with my improved dredging apparatus and showing the same with the pump and motor casing lowered in position for use in dredging; Fig. 4 is a plan view of the central portion of the barge or float shown in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the barge or float as shown in Figs. 3 and 4; Fig. 6 is a plan view of the barge or float as shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5; Fig. 7 is a plan view showing my improved dredging apparatus so applied to a-barge or float as to be capable of being swung completely round for operation on o posite sides and atlopposite ends thereof; 1g. 8 is a side elevation of the apparatus constructed as shown in Fig.
7, and Fig. 9 is a detail view showing the I means for draining water from the-tanks or receptacles of the barge or float according to my mvention.
As shown in these views, the improved dredging apparatus comprises .a combined pump and motor casing formed from an upper section 1, an intermediate section 2 and a lower section 3, said several sections being provided with flanges a, 4, fitting flush upon one another and adapted for the passage of bolts or other securing means for holdthus formed is provided at its upper part with a bail 5, the lower ends of which are pivotally connected, as seen at 6, 6, at opposite sides of the upper section 1 of the casing,
while the central portion of said bail is providod with an eye as shown at 7, for connection with thelower end of a cable 8 by means of which the casing may be raised and lowmg said sections in relation, and the casing ered as will be hereinafter explained. The
opposite sides of the casing thus formed are provided with lugs; or bearings 9, 9, at top and bottom, and said lugs. or bearings 9, 9,
serve for the connection of rods or poles 1f), 10,'whic h are extended upwardly so as to be adapted for. use by persons upon a float or barge above for'guiding the casing of the dredging apparatus laterally during use of the same.
, Within the upper section 1 of the casing is produced a chamber 11, wherein is arranged an electric motor 12 of-any preferredtype, and 14 represents the c rcuit conductors tion 1 from a similar chamber 20 produced in 1 the intermediate section 2.
\ At theupper part of the lower section 3of 1 the casing is extended a transverse partition is o or diaphragm 19 serving to close the bottom of chamber 20 in section 2 and 25 represents a shaft extended axially through a central boss 16* insaid lower artition or dia hragm, its upper end bein a 'ned beneath the lower end of armature s aft 15 and its lower end being extended down into a pump-chamber 23 produced in lower section 3. 24 and 24 represent stuffing-boxes located in chamber 20 of the intermediate section 2 at the central bosses 16 and 16 of the respective u per and lower partitions 17 and 19, said stu fin boxes-being accessible by way of a hand-ho e 20 in the side of the intermediate casing section 2 and whereon a cover is applied in a well known way to close the same when the device is in operation.
At the adjacent ends of the alined shafts 15 and 25 in chamber 20 there are provided coupling members 18'and 18 res ectively, hel upon the respective shafts an adapted for engagement with each other to produce a driving connection between the shafts while permitting a certain de ree of flexure or lateral movement of oneshaft relatively to the other without unduly straining the structure as would be liable to happen were said shafts fixedly connected. -This connection is also accessible by way of the hand hole 20' in the wall of casing section 2, so that repairs may be readily effected. At one side the section 2 has a nipple 21 with which is connected a flexible pipe or hose 22 which extends upwards and is adapted for connection with a source of compressed air upon a float or barge from which the casing is lowered in such a way that compressed air is thereby supplied to chamber 20. The upper stu'ffing-box 24 will preferably be less tight than the lower stuffing-box 24!, which latter affords a substantially air-tight inclo sure around the bearing of the lower shaft .25 at boss 16 and in this manner a certain leaka e of air is, permitted from the chamber 20 ofi'the intermediate casing section 2 into the motor chamber 11 of the upper casing section 1, whereby a certain heightened air pressure is maintained within said upper motor chamber 11 to prevent the entry of and has a central opening through which the blade 27 of the pump is extended in such manner as to be ada ted to be engaged in the sand or earth. under ying the 'casing to loosen said sand or earth and elevate the same within the impeller of the pump whence it is discharged under pressure in a lateral direction through a discharge outlet 31 at the side of the lower casing section 3.
The lower part of the blade 27 of the pump carries a downwardly extended head 28, having a neck portion of reduced diameter .as shown at 29 and said neck portion by preference has detachable connection with said blade 27, the arran ement of these parts being such that sai downwardly extended head will penetrate the sand or earth to a point below the lower portion of blade 27 during the operation of the pump so that if rock be encountered, said blade is prevented from coming into contact therewith and being thereby broken. Should the head 28 be broken off at its reduced neck portion 29, it may be readily replaced without material cost or loss of time.
30 represents a plurality of downwardly extended blades or fingers which are extended downwardly around the perimeter of the casing, being secured at their up er ends to the lower section 3 thereof an having their tip ends sharpened in such a way as to be ada ted to sink mto the sand or earth sufficientl y to prevent any tendency to rotative movement to which the casing might otherwise be exposed, and whereby damage might be done to the suspending means or to the air or power connections.
The discharge or eduction passage 31 of the pump chamber 23 is laterally directed therefrom and has an upwardly curved and contracted neck portion 32, wherewith is connected an u wardly extended flexible conduit 33 which is to be carried upward to the barge or float when the sand or earth discharged from the centrifugal pump casing is to be loaded thereon. ,An ordinary footvalve may be arranged at the base of this flexible conduit to support the sand and water discharged through the same, but as such a valve is an ordinary expedient I have not illustrated the same herein.
34represents the barge or fioatifrom which the improved dredging tapparatusijconstruct- .ed according to my lnvention is operated as herein shown, and 35 represents a derrick erated in raising and lowering the casing.
pon the barge or float are located tanks or receptacles 38-,38 into which the sand discharged throu the pump casing is supplied and 3-7 repref 38, to be traversed by the workmen elevations w th '40jand serving which will of course be supplied from the con gh the flexible conduit 33 from sents agenerator for supplying current for the motor 12 A foot-board 41 is shown extended across the tanks or sand receptacles guidmg the upper end of the flexible conduit so that the tanks or receptacles may be uniformly-filled for trimming the load and as shown'in Figs. 8 and 9, the walls 39 of said tanks or receptacles are provided at suitable outlets controlled by cocks for the discharge of water duit 33 together with the sand. By this arrangement, the sand is permitted to settle in the tanks ,or receptac es, while the water overlying the same will be rapidly discharged so as'to permit the effective loading of the barge er float.
The cocks40 may, of course,
' be omitted when desired, since the outlets '6', the barge or float has 'ation at op 7 an will be closed by the rise of sand at the base of the'tank or receptacle.
In the construction shown in Figs. 4, 5 and tanks at its opposite derrick is arranged for operositesides of the vessel, but in ends and the ing rotate permits the casing to be 0 erated at the ends of the barge i or float as welas at opposite sides thereof,
for use in certain wherefore this construction is better adapted cases.
In practical use, the barge or float is mooredat the point at which the dredging is to be accomplished, and the pump and motor casing is lowered therefrom with the c0nduit 33 arranged to discharge the ejected countered, the head 28 afifords'an eflective protection against breakage of the blade 27' thereby, since said head maintains the blade above such rock at all times. The fingers 30 also operate in a similar manner and may be readily replaced when broken, being held by bolts-:or the like to the lower casing section 3.
The improved dredging apparatus con- 8, I have shown the derrick. 'mounted u on a turn-table 42 which by bej pump and motor sure for the, motor, means ior use by reason of'the readiness and convenience with which it may be operated below the water, there being no mechanical driving connection requisite for the pump, and the motor being wholly inclosed and directly connected to the pump'and efiect- .ively protected againstdefective operation through leakage, and it will also be obvious from the above description that the apparatus is susceptible of some modification with out material departure from the principles and spirit of the invention and for this reason I do not desire to be understood as limiting myself to the precise form and arrangement of the several parts of the apparatus herein set forth in carrying out my invention in practice.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. An apparatus of the character described comprising a casing having its to and side wallsinclosed to produce a charm er within it, and adapted to be lowered from a float and to be completely submerged beneath the surface of the water, a motor within the casing, means for supplying energy to operate the motor, a pump driven from the motor and also adapted to be submerged below the surface of the water, and a discharge conduit extended from the pump to a point above the surface of the Water.
2. An apparatus of the character described comprising a casing having its to and side walls inclosed to produce a cham er within it, and adapted to belowered from a float and to be completely submerged beneath the surface of the water, a motor within the casto operate ing, means for supplying energy the motor, a pump also inclosed in the casing and driven from the motor, and a discharge conduit extended from the pump to a point above the surface of the water.
3. An apparatus of the character described comprising a rotary pump, an electric motor having an armature shaft whereon the pump is mounted, an inclosure for the motor, means for supplying electrical energy to the motor and a discharge conduit extended from the pump and adapted to be extended above the surface of the water.
4. An apparatus of the character described comprising a rotary pump, an electric motor operatively connected therewith, an inclo sure for the motor, means for supplying electric energy to the motor and means for main taining increased pressure within said motor inclosure.
. 5., An apparatus of the character described comprising a rotary pum an electric motor operatively connected t erewith, an inclofor supplying elec- -7. An apparatus of the character described comprising a casmg having tWoc-hambers, a motor mounted m one chamber and having a shaft extended in the other chamber, a pump on said shaft in such otner chamber an cLhaving blades extend ed therefrom for engagement in sand or the like, means for supplying energy to the motor and a discharge conduitconnected with the pump chamber and adapted to receive sand or the like therefrom to be conveyed above the surface of the Water.
8. An apparatus of the character described comprising a casing having two chambers, a motor mounted in one chamber and having a shaft extended in the other chamber, a pump driven from said shaft in such other chamber and having blades extended therefrom for enga ement in sand or the like, means for sup ying energy to the motor and a part car- 'rie by the pump and extended below the blades thereof and adapted to penetrate such sand or the like.
9. An appaifatusof the character described comprising acasing having tWo chambers, a motor mounted in one chamber and having a shaft extended in the other chamber; a pump driven from said shaft in such other chamber and having blades extended therefromfoi'engag'ement insand or the like and arts extended from the casing below said lades of the pum and adapted to penetrate such sand or t 1e like. I
- 10. An; apparatus of the character described comprising a casing having two'chambers, a motor mounted in one chamber and having a snaft extended the other chamber, a-pum driven from said shaft'in such other cham er and having blades extended therefrom for engagement in. sand or the like, means for supplying energy to the motor, and a part detachably connected with the pump and extended centrally therefrom below said blades a1. l adapted or the like.
11. An apparatus of the character described comprising a chambered casing, a motor therein, means for supplying energy thereto, a shaft for the motor, a pump having a shaft extended adjacent to the motor shaft and a flexible connection for driving the pump shaft from the motor shaft.
In Witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name this 28th; day of June 1907, in the to penetrate such sand presence of two subscribing Witnesses.
RANDOLPH E. S. GEARE. Witnesses:
H. G. Hosn,
WILLIAM J. Fian'rn.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Nov 23, 1944
|Oct 18, 1949
|Joy Mfg Co
|Heating apparatus of the fluid actuated fuel pump type
|Jul 6, 1953
|Apr 26, 1960
|Arthur J Nelson
|Elevator discharge hydraulic dredge
|Nov 19, 1959
|Jul 11, 1961
|Smith Harold Kellogg
|Digger wheel, pump and motor unit for dredges
|Dec 8, 1958
|Jun 26, 1962
|Pearson William S
|Drossing system for galvanizing kettles
|Oct 17, 1962
|Mar 2, 1965
|Ellicott Machine Corp
|Dredge and tunnel construction apparatus comprising a downwardly inclined housing mounting a cutter and motor therefor
|May 27, 1963
|May 31, 1966
|Allard Pierre Jean-Ma Theodore
|Underwater excavating device
|Sep 6, 1967
|Oct 28, 1969
|Ludwig Schnell
|Apparatus for conveying sand or the like
|Aug 28, 1967
|May 5, 1970
|Tone Boring Co
|Excavation of trenches for buried walls
|Sep 22, 1969
|Jul 4, 1972
|Alois Trondle
|Compressed air operated apparatus for raising underwater deposits
|Mar 7, 1973
|May 27, 1975
|Toshinobu Araoka
|Excavator for digging a hole beneath the water
|Jun 14, 1977
|Aug 7, 1979
|Konijn Nicolaas G
|Dredge cutter head having a volute compartment
|Feb 24, 1978
|Aug 19, 1980
|The Research Corporation Of The University Of Hawaii
|Submarine sand sampler
|Jun 25, 1980
|May 4, 1982
|Reba B.V.
|Gear case for a suction cutter dredger
|Jun 28, 1985
|Jul 21, 1987
|Pjh, Inc.
|Underwater dredging apparatus and cutter head therefor
|Feb 4, 2002
|Feb 3, 2004
|Major Turbine Pump & Supply Co.
|Water pump
|Jul 27, 1959
|Oct 29, 1964
|Verschure & Co S Scheepswerf E
|Mar 3, 1973
|Sep 12, 1974
|Toshinobu Araoka
|Vorrichtung zur herstellung von bohrloechern im grund von gewaessern sowie zum einebnen und ausheben von bodengrund
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


text:
The new warehouse is the first facility in Vietnam to provide a super frozen storage room, which reaches as cold at -58 degrees Fahrenheit.
Meanwhile, just this Friday, the Shanghai Shipping Exchange said its Shanghai Containerized Freight Index declined 6.2 percent from last Friday's reading of 670.29 to a reading of 628.59.
William E. (Bill) Woodhour became president of Maersk Line, Ltd. (MLL) July 1 and will eventually become chief executive officer of the company, taking over from Russ Bruner, who has been president and CEO of MLL since 2014.
Registration takes less than 1 minute.
The Ocean Carrier Equipment Management Association said that a key benefit of the terminal weighing approach is that shippers will not be required to perform any additional actions in order to provide the verified gross mass of containers.
The proposed change would give NVOs and import buyers the ability to directly transmit the Importer Security Filing, which is expected to improve security and eliminate confusion over who should file.
The massive $5.3 billion project comes with "considerable safety concerns," which could lead to accidents and delays for shippers and higher claims for insurers, according to a new report from the London-based risk management consultancy.


text:
Tracking of Aircraft Surroundings, Categorised Vehicles and Individuals for Apron's Activity Model Interpretation and Check
AVITRACK uses state-of-the-art video systems and intelligent algorithms to track objects and persons, and to interpret normal aircraft servicing operations on the tarmac.
The AVITRACK project automatically checks the sequence and timing of movements on airport aprons. An assembly of cameras capture images of the aircraft parking zone, in which individuals, objects and vehicles can be identified then a computer programme interprets the real-time three-dimensional representation of activities and movements.
Project objectives
Making air transport more competitive
Aircraft are dependent on the availability of airport bays and airport handling efficiency. Delays produce a knock-on effect, which impacts on all airport traffic and, ultimately, economic performance. Part of AVITRACK's mission is to create a new management system that can optimise platform availability and thus reduce aircraft servicing costs.
Increasing capacity
It is now widely recognised within the air transport sector that major increases in operational capacity will only come through changes in the way air traffic services are provided. Helping airlines, handlers and airports to make the best use of available facilities is another goal of AVITRACK. The project will allow better information sharing between airport service providers and aircraft operators, accelerating the throughput of traffic and optimising the entire range of airport activities.
Description of the work
AVITRACK combines several innovative technologies:
1. Video tracking
The assembly of cameras monitor the movements of individuals and vehicles around the aircraft. Image processing software detects movement in the scene. Detected objects are then classified as individuals, vehicles or mobile objects, all actors around the aircraft are detected and tracked, and vehicles are categorised by functionality (e.g. loader, truck, tanker, etc.). Multi-sensor data fusion is then used to create a real-time 3D representation map, which can be interpreted by the computer.
2. Apron Activities
To achieve automatic recognition of the handling operations, the scene and the activities are modelled. A geometric model of the apron is formed, including the operational function of specific areas (like waiting area, ERA, tanker area, gateway evolution area, GPU area). The aircraft functional model, containing all potential contact points (like refuelling point, passenger doors, cargo doors, etc.) completes the 'apron scenes and actors database'. This static apron representation is then combined with dynamic scenarios. (A scenario is a scheduled arrangement of basic and combined events.) Each event is the result of the semantic description of activities in connection with multiple individuals and vehicles around the aircraft. Using a dedicated ontology, the 'apron activities model' database covers a large part of all the handling operations.
3. Understanding AI
Ground handling operation recognition process:
- The video-tracking module captures the activities around the aircraft.
- The 3D generated current situation map (people, aircraft and vehicle location) is combined with the 3D models of the apron area.
- This observed apron situation is compared to the 'apron activities model', using artificial intelligence technologies.
- Every operation and movement around the aircraft, from the simple to the more complex, is analysed and identified.
- All pertinent events are dispatched to the apron manager, airport authorities, airlines and security services.
Expected results
The AVITRACK supervision tool is designed for the benefit of the passengers. The system outputs are intended to be used by airport operators, handlers and security services to:
- manage identified actions undertaken for aircraft operations
- grant the Estimated Off Block-Time (EOTB)
- improve security
- manage the existing scarce airport capacity, and feature:
- connection with Departure Management Systems (DMA)
- interoperability between the Eurocontrol Central Flow Management Unit and aircraft operators
- apron allocation supervision.
- Related Info
- Acronym: AVITRACK
- Contract No.: AST3-CT-2003-502818
- Instrument: Specific Targeted Research Project
- Total Cost: €2 600 268
- EU Contribution: €1 557 163
- Starting date: 01/02/2004
- Duration: 24 months
- Websitehttp://www.avitrack.net
- Coordinator:
6, rue R. Camboulives, BP 1133,
31036 Toulouse Cedex 1
- Contact:
David Cher
Tel: +33 5 34 61 93 57
Fax: +33 5 34 61 92 22
- EC officer :
Jean-Pierre Lentz
Tel: +32 2 296 6592
Fax: +32 2 296 6757
- Partners
- University of Reading UK
- Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (INRIA) FR
- Chambre de Commerce et d'Industrie de Toulouse Aéroport Toulouse-Blagnac FR
- Fedespace FR
- Euro Inter Toulouse FR
- IKT System Partner A.S. NO
- tekever lda PT
- Technische Universität Wien AT
- ARC Seibersdorf research GmbH AT


text:
$ 169.99 SALE: $ 99.99 Not Eligible For Return
The heat is on with the Ziah P by Betsey Johnson. A leopard print blankets the adorable curves of this ankle boot and features a flirtatious fringe on the side. This pointed toe style warps up with a 4 inch wedged heel.
|1 Total Review
|Sort By:
G by Guess
Gennie - Gold LL
G by Guess
Gennie - Black SY


text:
Hello, Hello. Sign In
Please enter a valid city, state or zip code
48 reviews | 4.6 out of 5
Tough, ridged, strong! Easy to use & has great locking wheels accessible from the hand brakes on the handles. It has a seat with storage underneath.
I have degenerative discs in my lower back and experience pain when walking. This rollator takes enough stress off my back and enables me to get around, both inside and outside the house. I am quite impressed with the all around quality of this product. It's light weight, sturdy, and versatile. Even the directions come on quality stock paper and the pictures and text are easy to read. (didn't need my reading glasses for this one) The seat with built in storage compartment is extremely handy when shopping. Highly recommend it.
I purchased this rollator for my mother three weeks ago after comparing reviews on all rollators at Walmart.com and all across Google and Amazon. This rollator has very strong features, works well, looks better than most, and is among the narrowest which makes it better able to get through doorways that are 30 inches wide. Many of the other rollators are not able to do this because those have wheels with shoulders that add more than 2 inches to the overall width.
The 8 inch wheels are a big plus when any type of doorjam is encountered, making less of a bump and rolling across easily. The 8 inch wheels do not make this model less agile in tight places as with other rollators.
I did have to do some minor adjustment to the brakes to make them exactly equal, but that was easy to do with the adjusting ferrels on both the brake handles and at the brakes itself.
The paint color is good quality, and my mother's 3 year old great granddaughter likes to sit on the seat backwards and be pushed around while she holds onto the backrest.
The only item that I would have liked for the rollator to have that it does not is an adjustable seat height. While the handle height is adjustable, an ability to raise the seat just a little would have been extra helpful, but it is not a deal breaker.
I would recommend this product for those with arthritis in the hands as the brakes require less effort than most rollators.
I am very satisfied with the purchase of the Hugo Rolling Walker, the walker is very easy to use and transport.
The Hugo Rolling Walker is a terrific aid for walking. As a person with MS, my ability to walk has decreased over the past few years. With this rolling walker, I can now walk much easier, and for longer periods of time than I had been able to do. It is easy to assemble, lightweight yet sturdy, and easy to manuver. I especially like the large wheels, the seat for when I need to rest, and the storage case under the seat. Also, it is a pretty blue color. It's great to be able to walk again - I love this product!
Purchased this product for a loved one and she is extremely happy with it her old one had small tires and was nowhere near as stable as this unit was.
Thanks Walmart for having " Just what was needed".
Walker has been a big help, seems to be durable, rolls over even grassy areas very easy. I really like the storage under the seat, I can put my purse in there while in the store and done have to worry about it. The seat its self could use a little more padding, would be ok if I didnt have to use it as much as I do but I am thankful for it, I dont have to use a wheelchair now so much so I get some excercise but cant make it clear through a store like a super walmart. I saw some reviews said something about having trouble with brakes but mine are good. Didnt take me too aweful long to put together, didnt even need the tools but good to have in case something loosens up. Over all a good price for a very helpful product, would recommend it to anyone, Very glad I ordered one. P.S. My 10 year old grandson really loves the sparkely blue paint job. and it is a bit heavy for me to get into my van by myself.
My 88 yr old mother-in-law calls this walker her Cadillac. We've had the Elite version almost 4 years, which is the same but with a front pouch. She's in senior living and loves the covered underseat storage for her purse, toiletries, dining room carry-out food, etc. It's almost 4 yrs old & tires are wearing down so brakes aren't tight. This model is a bargain at the rollback price so we're getting it and using the old pouch. Pouch & seat storage snaps off & on for easy cleaning.
Super item, the price was lower than most places and was easy to put together.Best part is being able to go outside ~ it rolls over most anything found in an normal yard.I can go out and sit down when i need to, whether it's in the yard or in a store> very easy to fold down and put in the car.No doubt I'd recommend this product to anyone who needs a lil help walking.
My physical therapist recommended I buy something like this. My husband researched them online, purchased this because of the larger wheels and durable constructioin. I have found it to be very useful and attractive. i use it when shopping and walking around our farm. The large wheels and heavy construction are great for bumpy uneven ground. It is a nice blue color, and the seat is extremely comfortable, more than others I tried. The storage compartment is very useful. The one drawback is the weight. I could not lift this into the car, my husband does that. It is also why I did not give it 5 stars. My physical therapist told me to buy the lightest one I could find, now I know why. Lighter ones would not have worked for me as well, though. Just keep this in mind when purchasing.
This Hugo rolator was bought for my elderly mother. She had one in the past that she wore out. She bought one brand off the shelf to replace her Hugo but it was no good. The new Hugo she has now is much better than the brand Walmart has on the shelf. Unfortunately, you can only get the Hugo brand from Walmart.com and not off the shelf.
I purchased this walker for my father and needed one rated over 250lbs that was light weight. It is easy to put together and light enough to easily put into the trunk of the car. He loves it!
This is the second Hugo we have purchased for my husband. Easy to use and very mobile.
This is very convienent and sure meets a need. Just a bit difficult to get in the trunk of our car....we need to take the handles off so it will fit. Otherwise, it is wonderful....so useful. Would highly recommend it to any one who uses a walker. Goes over grass and rough terrain much easier than the simple walkers.
i love my hugo, only thing is i wish the rear legs were straight on it, because i'm not used to them slanting there, but i'll get used to it, i love the privacy bag, alot of room,i have knee dislocation problems, and use it especially in stores and even around the house for support.. very sturdy product..
i bought this for relative recovering from long hospitalization. The large wheels allowed him to walk in the yard, and the seat allowed him to sit down and rest as we walked around the block. The compartment nicely stored a water bottle, too. Assembly was easy, and overall quality seems excellent.
I purchased this because I have problems walking long distinces. I recieve it within the time span promised and used it the very next day at the race. Loved it. It made my day so much more enjoyable. Thank you Walmart for having such a great product at a very good price.
Great product for anyone that needs assistance getting around. Product is strong and sturdy giving one the confidence and security to safely move about. It does take some getting use to as far as folding it up for storage. The built in seat option is great.
Love this Hugo walker! I got this for my husband who is disabled and he loves it. Easier for me to handle too. I was able to assemble this walker in about 30 minutes.
The width between the wheels is too narrow. My mom kept kicking into the wheels when she walked with it. This product did not work for us at all.


text:
Begin New Search
Refine Last Search
Cemetery Lookup
Add Burial Records
Help with Find A Grave
Top Contributors
Success Stories
Community Forums
Find A Grave Store
Log In
ad feedback
ad feedback
Brenda Reilley Hun
member for 13 years, 1 month, 13 days
Add to MyFriends
Bio and Links
Family names: Corn, Mickey, Blickensderfer, Gilmore, Mobberly, Reilley, Wilson, Dillon, Knowlton, Cline, and many more.
Please let me know if you have any additional information to add to any of the memorials that I have entered. I may also have some information to share with you. Good luck in your searching.
If I have placed a photo of a grave on a memorial, it is okay with me if you copy it to your ancestry information. Please mention where you have taken the photo from when posting the photo in other places. For example, "permission granted by Brenda ReilleyHun, contributor FindaGrave."
A Poem for Reflection
The limbs that move, the eyes that see,
These are not entirely me;
Dead men and women helped to shape
The mold which I do not escape;
The words I speak, my written line,
These are not uniquely mine.
For in my heart and in my will
Old ancestors are warring still,
Celt, Roman, Saxon, and all the dead
From whose rich blood my veins are fed,
In aspect, gesture, voices, tone,
Flesh of my flesh, bone of my bone;
In fields they tilled I plow the sod,
I walk the mountain paths they trod;
And round my daily steps arise
The good and bad of those I comprise.
~by English poet Richard Rolle, written over 600 years ago
The author may be unknown of this poem, but the name shown at the bottom was cut from a newspaper with this poem as it is written. Perhaps, he wrote it or just submitted it.
I would rather have one little rose
From the garden of a friend,
Than to have the choicest flowers
When my stay on earth must end.
I would rather have a pleasant word
In kindness said to me
Than flattery when my heart is still
And this life has ceased to be.
I would rather have a loving smile
From friends I know are true
Than tears shed round my casket
When this world I've bid adieu.
Bring me all the flowers today
Whether pink, white, or red
I'd rather have one blossom now
Than a truckload when I'm dead.
~John Dillon, Sr.
Frazeysburg, Ohio
Leave Public Message
Contributions to
Find A Grave
1,528 Memorials Added
1,668 Memorials Managed
2 Memorials/Week
1,546 Photos
3 Photo Requests
36 Volunteer Photos Taken
418 Virtual Flowers
10 Virtual Cemeteries
85 Fame Ratings
1 Sponsorship
43 Friends
Search Contributor's Records
First Name
Last Name
Virtual Cemeteries
116th Ohio
51st Pennsylvania
88th Pennsylvania
Corn Family Plus
Mattern Romer Ramer
Mt Moriah MOH and others
Mt. Moriah
My Civil War Ancestors
Revolutionary War Ancesto...
Stinger family
Find A Grave Friends
13th Generation...
Barbara Anne (B...
Chotsie Kelly
Cindy Coss
Dana Dancy
Donna Di Giacom...
Four Leaf Clove...
Gathering Roots
Grave Hunters
Grave Matters
Gregory Special...
Honoring our an...
Janice E Sanfor...
Jean Doherty
john haines
Karen (Ogburn) ...
Karen Marshall
, [
View all Find A Grave Friends...
Messages left for Brenda Reilley ... (149)
Leave Message
G.M. Genovese
RE: Thank you!
No problem, Brenda. My pleasure.
Added by
G.M. Genovese
on Jan 16, 2016 3:55 PM
Merry Christmas and Happy New Year to you Brenda, my Find A Grave friend! Let me hear from you!
Added by
on Dec 25, 2015 10:30 AM
Wayne Cornelius
RE: Ellen Corry
You're right about the year span, of course. I'm embarrassed to make that kind of a math mistake (although I sometimes joke about the three kinds of statisticians -- those who can count accurately, and those who can't).
I'm not personally related to this family. Someone I was researching a couple years ago (encountered in Iowa) happened to have been baptized at Grace Episcopal Church in Philadelphia, and when I realized there was a very intact parish register online I made a project of putting in Find A Grave those recorded burials that had not already been memorialized by others. When I encounter more than one person with the same surname in the same cemetery I like to look more closely at the family using ancestry.com and other resources. Occasionally I notice family historians working on these families who either are relatives or are part of a small community where the family was well known and interact a little with the researcher.
Added by
Wayne Cornelius
on Nov 06, 2015 12:36 AM
theresa wilson
Thank you so much for taking the time photographic the headstone of my Great-grandfather William and his wife. You don't know how much this means to me.
Thanks again.
Added by
theresa wilson
on Oct 30, 2015 5:26 PM
Jean Doherty
RE: Jean Doherty
The entry in the record book would probably have said (in German) something like: survived by 6 sons and 3 daughters.
The good news is that I have a photocopy of the original record in German and would be happy to send it to you. Use my personal e-mail to send me your mailing address and I will send you copies of all pertinent German records.
I used that format in case I discovered the names of these sons and daughters at a later date and could just fill in the blanks. Because they are not buried in the Moravian Cemretery at Lititz, they may have lived to adulthood, moved away and been buried in another Moravian Cemetery such as Bethlehem or Nazareth. I'm always surprised at how mobile these early Moravians were - going from community to community - and horsepower of the four-legged kind was always involved. No easy task!
Added by
Jean Doherty
on Oct 17, 2015 9:28 AM
Erin Levack Nijmeijer
Walter Burns Jr
hi - thanks for updating Walter burns Jr mothers name. I also just sent a suggested correction with his full date of birth and death (I have a copy of the death cert from Ancestry ;-)
Oh and his middle name was Joseph.
Added by
Erin Levack Nijmeijer
on Jul 07, 2015 11:38 AM
Cheryl Jones Smith
Thanks for the suggested correction to Harriet Reilley and not Read. I have deleted one and corrected the other. The information is always better when we help each other. Again thanks,
Chris and Cheryl Smith
Added by
Cheryl Jones Smith
on Jun 01, 2015 3:47 PM
Dani Ryan
RE: Gilmore photo
You're very welcome! Glad I could help.
Added by
Dani Ryan
on May 22, 2015 5:31 PM
Jamie Brenenborg Minner
Joseph Sylvester Ramer
You have a wonderful photo posted on Joseph's memorial - would you know who the woman is that is standing next to him? He's a relation to us through the Mattern line.
Thank you - and thanks so much for all of the work you've done. It's amazing and I appreciate it!
-Jamie Brenenborg Minner
Added by
Jamie Brenenborg Minner
on Mar 17, 2015 9:48 AM
Deborah (Vetrone) Long
RE: Madgwick
No problem whatsoever! Thank YOU for being so cooperative! I appreciate you!
Added by
Deborah (Vetrone) Long
on Feb 07, 2015 7:35 AM
View all messages...
Privacy Statement
Terms of Service
ad feedback


text:
Jeffery Douglas West (Fresh)
Position: Shooting Guard ▪ Shoots: Right
Height: 6-6 ▪ Weight: 200 lbs.
Born: May 27, 1967 in Altoona, Pennsylvania
High School: Altoona Area in Altoona, Pennsylvania
College: Villanova University
Draft: Minnesota Timberwolves, 2nd round (11th pick, 38th overall), 1989 NBA Draft
NBA Debut: November 3, 1989
Other Pages: College Basketball Stats
Let people know you like this site. Sponsor this page for $10. Your message will replace this ad.


text:
I keep seeing this fantastic picture go by in my gallery so I thought I'd stop in and see how it is doing. It is doing well and very well deserved.
thanks h, hope you are well. and thank you again jean! did you get my email i sent you?
Yes, and I'm totally confused!
Photo taken in Brockton, ON N0G, Canada


text:
Fidalgo (disambiguation)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A fidalgo was a traditional title in the Portuguese nobility or gentry, related to the Spanish cognate hidalgo.
Fidalgo may also refer to:
- Fidalgo Island, an island in Skagit County, Washington, USA
- Salvador Fidalgo, a Spanish explorer of the Pacific Northwest
|This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Fidalgo.
If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.


text:
|Message view
|« Date » · « Thread »
|« Date » · « Thread »
|Ask Bjoern Hansen <...@valueclick.com>
|RE: Prototype Mismatch - and AN APOLOGY
|Thu, 08 Nov 2001 02:24:17 GMT
On Wed, 7 Nov 2001, Jonathan M. Hollin wrote: > APOLOGY > --------- > I posted a message to this list with a small Perl script attached (without > ZIP-ing it first). This has triggered off numerous bounced mail virus > alerts and I apologise for this. I will avoid repeating that mistake in > future. Thank you for your patience. Please don't. It's much easier to open when it's not compressed or something like that. You could avoid triggering the brain dead virus checkers by just including the script within the mail. - ask -- ask bjoern hansen, http://ask.netcetera.dk/ !try; do(); more than a billion impressions per week, http://valueclick.com
|View raw message


text:
Event Calendar
- 3X Points
Jul 28
On Thursday, July 28th, play and earn 3X points...
- Boomers
Jul 28
Boomers 2-4-1
For those of you 55 and older, you...
- DJ Dave Rankin
Jul 28
Come experience Dave Rankin live up in Club V...
|Multimedia Gallery
Check out our Video!
|July 27th, 2016 Weather Update
Hello Everyone,
It looks like it will be a good week in Jacksonville. We will be in the summer weather pattern the entire week with winds light from the South and Southwest all week. The winds will average only 10-15kts so the seas will be at 2-3ft. This will produce a good ride all week.
We will not sail Monday or Tuesday for the AM or PM cruise.
Wednesday the winds will be Southwest at 5-10 kts. The seas will be 2-3ft. The ride will be good.
To see the rest of the weeks weather click "Read More"
|Read more...