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In need of some features but a nice plugin that explores an area that no other plugin comes close.
Good job
This is a very powerful and adaptive plugin... fantastic for setting out a sports website with multiple players, teams, league tables, sponsors, and merchandise BUT...
it has a few bugs and a serious capability limitation. You cannot display multiple 'projects' on any one page, if you intend to display any single 'dataset' from those projects!
If you can work around this limitation, it's a great little plugin
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- Anonymous
- Australia, Male, 31-40
- Novice Nomad
- 1 review
The 'super deluxe' room I booked was dark and stuffy with no outside window. We were moved to a room with loud construction work next door. The bed was too short for me to fit on. We were told breakfast wasn't included when it stated it was. Our bed sheets were ripped and stained. My girlfriend had someone looking at her through the bathroom exhaust fan and when I informed the staff I was told it was impossible. The owner of the hotel will continually demand guests to leave positive reviews.
- Anonymous
- England, Male, 41+
- Novice Nomad
- 4 reviews
During my recent trip to India, this hostel was, by a big margin, the very best place that I stayed and the cheapest. The proprietor is always on hand and helpful, the location is great for the old city, 10 minutes max in a Tuk tuk, and a very comfortable roofer race to sit on and eat or just relax.
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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Feb 8, 2000
|Filing date
|Nov 24, 1995
|Priority date
|Nov 24, 1995
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|John Mĺrten Norman
|Original Assignee
|Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (16), Non-Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (8), Classifications (12), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention relates generally to systems for performing arithmetic operations, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for expediting the evaluation of an expression commonly used in signal processing of convolutionally encoded information to combine metrics associated with state changes.
Perhaps even more than other types of communications, radio communication suffers from the irregularities of its transmission medium. Radio communication system designers must compensate for time dispersion, fading and other changes in radio channels which impact transmitted signals. Frequently, these irregularities cause random bit errors. One way in which random bit errors are combatted in radio communication systems is by convolutionally encoding the signals prior to transmission.
In a convolutional code, code digits generated by an encoder in a particular time unit depend not only on the data to be characterized by those bits, but also on the code digits in a previous span of time units. A convolutional decoder operates by manipulating candidate code sequences through shift registers and decoding each new bit by evaluating its probable value (e.g., 1 or 0) in view of previously received bits.
By predicating the encoding scheme of each bit on the values of other, earlier transmitted data bits, a decoder can correctly reconstruct received data sequences which, to an extent, include random bit errors.
This type of encoding can be referred to as polynomial encoding, where the polynomial describes the code relationship between previous bits and a current bit. Consider the encoder hardware illustrated as FIG.(a). Therein, encoded output of a bit depends upon the values of two previous bits and the current input bit. Specifically, a value of a current bit dn is added modulo-2 (i.e., exclusive OR'ed) with the value of a previous bit dn-1 at block 10. Then, the output of block 10 is added modulo-2 with the value of the bit prior to dn-2 at block 20 to provide an encoded output. This exemplary type of encoding can be described by the polynomial
______________________________________dn-2 dn-1 dn E______________________________________0 0 0 00 0 1 10 1 0 10 1 1 01 0 0 11 0 1 01 1 0 01 1 1 1______________________________________
A trellis diagram is a form of code tree that is helpful in illustrating how systems employing convolutional codes operate. The exemplary trellis diagram of FIG. 1(b) depicts coded output of the encoder of FIG. 1(a) for possible sequences of two digits wherein an initial value for dn-1 and dn-2 are zero. Accordingly, the depicted trellis diagram corresponds to an encoder having four states (i.e., 00, 01, 10, 11). The binary values that constitute these states correspond to the values of dn-2 and dn-1, respectively. The output E of the encoder is thus controlled by dn, dn-1, dn-2 and the generator polynomial. In the illustration of FIG. 1(b), the encoder output values E are given by the binary values depicted in the figure, each of which is associated with an arrow emanating from a node. The type of arrow indicates the value of dn (solid: dn =0, dotted dn =1) associated with each path through the trellis.
Consider the nodes encircled by line 30. At node 31, the current state remains 00. If dn =0 (solid arrow emanating from right side of node 31), then the encoder output is also zero and the state remains 00. This is in accordance with the top row of the logic table illustrated above. If, on the other hand, dn =1 (dotted arrow emanating from right side of node 31) then the encoder output E is 1 (as shown in the second row from the top of the logic table above) and a transition is made to state 01.
Next, consider node 32. At this node current state is 01 since dn =1 occurred as an input to this node from state 00. If the next dn =0 (solid arrow emanating from right side of node 32), then the encoder output is one and the state transitions to 10 (as shown by the third row from the top of the logic table). If, on the other hand, dn =1 (dotted arrow emanating from right side of node 31) then the encoder output E is zero (as shown in the fourth row from the top of the logic table above) and a transition is made to state 11.
Having encoded and transmitted a data sequence, the next task in, for example, a radiocommunication system is to receive and decode the signal. A common technique for enhancing the decoding of convolutionally encoded data is to use Viterbi's maximum likelihood algorithm. A maximum likelihood receiver operates by selecting a known bit sequence closest to a received bit sequence. Because 2k bit sequences are involved (k being the number of data bits within a frame) in an ordinary convolutional maximum likelihood receiver decoder, the system stores the 2k bit sequences for comparison with a received bit sequence. For a large value of k, this can be unwieldy. Viterbi simplified the maximum likelihood evaluation by noting that each of the states represented has only a finite number of possible predecessor states, and that only the path (e.g., through the trellis diagram) that agrees most with the received sequence (the minimum distance path) need be retained for each state. For the trellis diagram depicted in FIG. 1(b), this is noted by considering that for each of the four states (00, 01, 10 and 11) each has only two possible predecessor states. That is, each node can only be reached through two states (e.g., you can only reach the 00 state from a previous 00 state or from a 10 state). Viterbi recognized that the likelihood evaluation could be significantly enhanced by using this factor in assessing possible paths through a trellis diagram, or like table.
Each possible path, or combination of state transitions, has an associated likelihood, or probability, of being correct. The probability of any given transition is based on the value of a newly received value, in view of a succession of predecessor values. The transition probabilities are commonly referred to as metrics or bit metrics, and a succession of bit metrics are referred to as a path metric denoting the likelihood of a sequence of possible state transitions.
Consider an example wherein a data bit stream is encoded using a Viterbi convolutional encoder to generate an encoded bit stream. To introduce redundancy, two code generators are used to produce two separate code bit streams, each based on the same data bit stream. The two bit streams are interleaved and transmitted over a medium, e.g., an air interface, that renders the bit streams susceptible to random bit errors. At the receiver, the bit streams are received by a detector. The detector produces a pair of outputs: a detected binary value (e.g., 1 or 0); and a metric indicating the probability of the detected binary value being correct. This information is then deinterleaved and passed to a decoder for evaluation as described above. In the examples discussed herein, a lowest accumulated metric value indicates a high probability of correctness, however, those skilled in the art will be aware that other metric conventions can be used.
Consider a somewhat oversimplified example of a decoder having, for example, four states for processing the deinterleaved bit streams wherein each state corresponds to a proposed bit sequence. This decoding example is illustrated in FIG. 2 as a four state trellis. The selection of the correct proposed bit sequence depends on the accumulated metric associated with each path tested by the decoder. In this example, an accumulated path metric is generated for each bit received. Each bit received alters the assessment of the possible paths through the trellis. Hence, for each bit received, a metric associated with the decoder's level of certainty of the value, i.e., 0 or 1, of that bit is conditionally added to the accumulated path metric. For the example given above wherein two bit streams, each having an associated metric, are received, the capability to quickly and efficiently evaluate the various metric sums is desirable.
Evaluation of the accumulated path metric, in the context of performing the decoding process, requires repeated evaluation of the expression given by Equation (1):
x(n,m)=n*a+m*b (1)
where: a and b are metrics in the form of numerical constants (integer or floating point);
n and m are binary state integer variables;
* corresponds to multiplication; and
+ corresponds to addition.
The values of a and b above represent the metric values corresponding to the first and second bit streams, respectively. The metrics, a and b, are used for assessing the probable correctness of the proposed received bit in the context of the various possible paths through the trellis. The addition of either or both of the metrics to the accumulated path metric is controlled by the binary integer state variables n and m. Output from Equation 1 is given by the following table which illustrates the usage of these metrics to indicate possible errors in the hypothesized bit streams.
TABLE 1______________________________________0 no bit errors in either bit streama bit error in the first bit stream onlyb bit error in the second bit stream onlya+b bit errors in both bit streams______________________________________
A numerical example will aid the description. Suppose that a first bit, corresponding to a first bit in a bit stream encoded using a first polynomial, is detected as a logical "0" with a 70% certainty. A second bit, corresponding to the same original bit stream, albeit encoded at the transmitter with a different polynomial, is received by the detector, and determined to be a logical "1" with a 90% certainty. After deinterleaving, a decoder, e.g., a Viterbi decoder, will then evaluate the different paths available between the plurality of states used in the trellis. In this simplified example, there are four states and eight paths.
For example, with reference to FIG. 2, the decoder, operating on the first deinterleaved bit, will evaluate the hypothetical transition between states 00 and 00, i.e., testing a transition denoted by the topmost arrow 50 where the hypothesized bit is a logical "0" as indicated by the "0 " above arrow 50. Since the metric associated with this bit indicates that the received bit is believed to be a zero, the decoder will add zero, i.e., no bit error, for this bit stream to the accumulated metric. At the same time, the decoder, when operating on the second deinterleaved bit, will evaluate this state transition, however, with a different result. Since the transition indicates a hypothetical logical "0", and the received bit is believed to be a logical "1" with a 90% certainty level, the decoder will add 0.9 to the accumulated metric. Thus, this example can be described by the third row of Table 1 above.
In a conventional system, Equation (1) is evaluated by the circuit arrangement depicted in FIG. 3. In this arrangement, the multiplexors (MUXs) 301 and 303 will output either a zero or their respective constants (a and/or b) based on the binary input control signals n and m. Regardless of the output selection, the outputs of the MUXs are added together by adder 305 to produce an output x. The output x is then added to the accumulated metric associated with that path.
A problem with the arrangement of FIG. 3 is that, notwithstanding the ultimate output value x, the adder 305 is used for the evaluation of every path in the trellis. However, adders are relatively complex (and hence slower) as compared to other digital logic devices, for example multiplexors. Accordingly, use of the adder 305, in the conventional manner depicted in FIG. 3, slows the solution speed of the evaluation of Equation (1). It is desirable however, to be able to quickly and efficiently evaluate path metric, especially in view of present digital signal processing wherein high bit rates are commonly used to transmit and receive data.
According to exemplary embodiments of the present invention, Applicant has recognized that the bit metrics which are accumulated to provide a plurality of path metrics vary relatively slowly as compared to the number of times that they are used in the computations. That is, for each bit received, each decoder has a bit metric that is used many times over to recalculate Equation (1) depending upon the number of states in the convolutional decoder. For some of the outputs, e.g., the first three rows of Table 1, no addition is actually needed since one or more addends may be zero. Other additions of the same metrics may be performed multiple times.
Rather than using an adder for every iteration of Equation (1), Applicant has instead created a new circuit arrangement which is used to evaluate Equation (1) to reduce the number of additions and thereby improve performance of the overall system. According to exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the bit metrics are first added together and then the appropriate combination of bit metrics (or an individual bit metric) is output using a multiplexor. In this way, each possible combination of bit metrics is computed only once which increases the speed of the calculation.
The foregoing description provides examples wherein two interleaved bit streams are received for combination of metrics in a receiver. However, those skilled in the art, will appreciate that the present invention can also be extended to include instances where three or more interleaved bit streams are received and, thus, three or more metrics are conditionally combined in various ways. Thus, according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of adders may be used to supply inputs to a multiplexor to provide all of the various combinations of metrics which may be needed depending upon the number of bit streams that are received.
The foregoing, and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more readily understood upon reading the following detailed description in conjunction with the drawings in which:
FIG. 1(a) is a block diagram of an exemplary convolutional encoding scheme;
FIG. 1(b) depicts a trellis diagram used to describe the convolutional encoding scheme of FIG. 1(a);
FIG. 2 is a simplified trellis diagram used to describe exemplary conditional additions which may be performed while evaluating trellis paths;
FIG. 3 is a conventional circuit arrangement for evaluating the expression given by Equation 1;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a radiocommunication system in which the present invention can be applied;
FIG. 5 depicts a circuit arrangement in accordance with a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 depicts a circuit arrangement in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 7 depicts an architecture of a conventional cellular communications system.
The present invention provides a method and apparatus for expediting the evaluation of the expression given in Equation (1) for the purpose of, for example, improving the performance of convolutional decoders. In accordance with the present invention, methods and apparatuses for evaluating path metrics associated with the decoding process are significantly enhanced, e.g., in terms of speed, by first adding all of the combinations of bit metrics that may be used as outputs together and then selecting the desired metric or sum of metrics that is to be added to the accumulated metric for each path to be evaluated.
To provide a reference point for this discussion, a more detailed description of a radiocommunication system having interleaved bit streams will now be described. An example of such a system is illustrated in FIG. 4. To introduce redundancy, a sequence of data bits 402 is provided to both a first encoder 404 and a second encoder 406. The first and second encoders 404 and 406 generate first and second encoded sequences 408 and 410 using different generator polynomials. Thus, sequences 408 and 410 contain the same data but are encoded differently. The encoded sequences 408 and 410 are interleaved by an interleaver 412 to produce an interleaved sequence 414. The interleaved sequence 414 is provided to a transmitter 416 for transmission. The interleaved sequence is transmitted over a medium, e.g., an air interface, that renders the bit streams susceptible to random bit errors. The transmitted interleaved sequence is received by a receiver 418. A detector 420 generates a candidate sequence 422 from information received by the receiver 418. The candidate sequence 422 contains data (e.g., XOA) comprising detected bit values (e.g., EOA) and a metric value corresponding to each bit value which indicates a confidence level of detector 420 with respect to that bit value. The candidate sequence 422 is provided to a deinterleaver 424 to separate the candidate sequence 422 into sequences corresponding to those generated by encoders 404 and 406. The deinterleaver 424 produces a pair of outputs that are provided to a Viterbi decoder 426. The Viterbi decoder 426 interprets the pair of outputs which comprise a detected binary value (e.g., 1 or 0); and a metric indicating the probability of the detected binary value being correct to reproduce the original bit stream as sequence 428.
To show how conditional additions of the metric values are performed in decoder 426 according to the present invention, consider again the example provided above with respect to FIG. 2. For a particular bit of interest, assume that a hypothesized bit for the first stream is a logical "0" with 70% certainty and that a hypothesized bit for the second stream is a logical "1" with a 90% certainty. The tables below summarize the various paths which can be evaluated.
TABLE 2______________________________________Current Next Hypothesized Metric To BeState State Bit Accumulated______________________________________00 00 0 000 01 1 0.701 10 0 001 11 1 0.710 00 0 010 01 1 0.711 10 0 011 11 1 0.7______________________________________
TABLE 3______________________________________Current Next Hypothesized Metric To BeState State Bit Accumulated______________________________________00 00 0 0.900 01 1 001 10 0 0.901 11 1 010 00 0 0.910 01 1 011 10 0 0.911 11 1 0______________________________________
For each row in the fourth column of Tables 2 and 3, the values of the corresponding rows are combined and the sum added to an accumulated path metric which takes into account the evaluations of previous hypotheses. In this very simple example having just two bit streams and four states only two sums are needed, i.e., 0+0.7 and 0+0.9. Thus, for these exemplary values, the only two outputs of equation (1) would be a or b individually. This particular example was selected because it points out a situation where no additions are actually needed prior to summing with the accumulated path metric. Nonetheless, in the conventional system of FIG. 3, the adder 305 would add the outputs of MUXs 301 and 303 eight times in generating the eight outputs x to be added to the different accumulated metrics.
An apparatus and method in accordance with the present invention takes advantage of the fact that the branch metrics are constant during the evaluation of all the possible state transition combinations (i.e., paths) associated with achieving the current state of the decoder and that not all of the possible outputs, i.e., those that have none or one non-zero addend, require an addition before summing with the accumulated path metric.
An exemplary apparatus in accordance with the present invention for evaluating the expression given by equation (1) is illustrated in FIG. 5. A MUX 501 is employed to select one of the four possible inputs (which are known to be the four possible outputs) 0, a, b, or a+b for output as x, wherein the path metric subcombination of a+b is performed by the adder 502. The selection is made based on the values of control variables n and m supplied by controller 503. The combinations output as x by the arrangement of FIG. 5 are then:
______________________________________n m x______________________________________0 0 00 1 b1 0 a1 1 a + b______________________________________
Consequently, for each evaluation of possible bit sequences based on a present bit, the values of a and b will remain constant. In view of this fact recognized by Applicant, the evaluations can be expedited significantly by utilization of circuit arrangements which are based on the concepts depicted in FIG. 5. This is due to, for example, the addition operation (a+b) only being performed once for the evaluation of all possible bit sequence combinations. By adding the values of metrics a and b together, in advance, appreciating that this sum is constant for a plurality of path evaluations, performance of the expression given by Equation (1) then becomes a matter of making an output selection. Cumulatively, the arrangement depicted in FIG. 5 provides a significant increase in throughput over the prior art arrangement of FIG. 3 by avoiding performance of the addition operation for each path evaluation.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that methods and circuit arrangements in accordance with the present invention may be extended in several respects. For example, although only four states are shown in the example of FIG. 2, more states may be used depending upon the type of convolutional code employed. More states will increase the number of path evaluations per received bit and, concomitantly, the benefits of the present invention. Moreover, the present invention can be extended to more than two received bit streams. For z bit streams, the number of possible outputs will be 22. For example, an expression having three input terms (a1, a2, a3) can be given by:
x(n1,n2,n3)=a1*n1+a2*n2+a3*n3 (2)
An exemplary apparatus in accordance with the present invention for evaluating the expression given by Equation (2) is illustrated in FIG. 6. Therein, four adders 601, 603, 605 and 607 supply combinational inputs of metrics a1, a2 and a3 to MUX 609. Additionally, each of the non-additive outputs 0, a1, a2 and a3 are input to MUX 609. Then, depending upon the corresponding result of each of three trellises, one of the eight possible outputs will be selected by the appropriate binary value represented by state variables n1, n2 and n3 whose values are controlled by controller 611. The combinations output by the arrangement of FIG. 6 are:
______________________________________n1 n2 n3 x______________________________________0 0 0 00 0 1 a30 1 0 a20 1 1 a2 + a31 0 0 a11 0 1 a1 + a31 1 0 a1 + a21 1 1 a1 + a2 + a3______________________________________
One skilled in the art will appreciate that incorporation of the present invention into any decoding system requiring path metric evaluation significantly expedites operation. It is readily apparent that systems incorporating the present invention reduce the otherwise geometric increase in the number of additions which would be performed as the number of bit streams evaluated increases. Extension of the solution as depicted in FIG. 6 provides a gain in speed at an apparent cost of increased hardware. However, it will be appreciated that a number of advantages inherent with enhancements in speed can offset, or even reduce, the hardware requirements involved with the systems operating in accordance with the present invention.
An arrangement in accordance with the present invention provides an increase in speed of the evaluation of expressions like those given by equation (2) with little or no increase in components or silicon area. Power consumption is reduced because the amount of component switching is reduced. Cost may be reduced by replacing a large number of slow conventional circuit arrangements with a smaller number of faster circuit arrangements which incorporate the present invention (e.g., one component operating twice as fast can replace two components operating at half the speed). The cost, weight, silicon area and component count are correspondingly reduced. Application of the present invention may eliminate the need for other speed enhancement components or measures. Furthermore, a faster component will spend less time to perform an operation, thus allowing it to have more idle time during which an idle, or reduced power state may be invoked. The latter enables battery powered devices to operate for longer periods; reduces heat emissions and cooling requirements (e.g., fans, fins, and insulation).
The above-described exemplary embodiments are intended to be illustrative in all respects, rather than restrictive, of the present invention. In the instant application, various embodiments of the invention have been described in the context of a radiocommunications systems where an air interface renders transmitted bits susceptible to errors. However, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that arrangements and methods incorporating the invention can be applied in any pertinent communications environment. These include, but are not limited to, wire-based systems (e.g., telephone communications, computer modems, facsimile machines, and cable TV), and fiber optic systems.
One skilled in the art will further appreciate that systems in accordance with the invention are especially suitable for cellular communications. In a typical cellular radio system, a geographical area, e.g., a metropolitan area, is divided into several smaller, contiguous radio coverage areas called "cells." The cells are served by a series of fixed radio stations called "base stations." The base stations are connected to and controlled by a mobile services switching center (MSC). The MSC, in turn, connected to the landline (wireline) public switched telephone network (PSTN). The telephone users (mobile subscribers) in the cellular radio system are provided with portable (hand-held), transportable (hand-carried) or mobile (car-mounted) telephone units (mobile stations) which communicate voice and/or data with the MSC through a nearby base station. The MSC switches calls between and among wireline and mobile subscribers, controls signalling to the mobile stations, compiles billing statistics, and provides for the operation, maintenance and testing of the system.
FIG. 7 illustrates the architecture of a conventional cellular radio system built according to the Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS) standard. In FIG. 7, an arbitrary geographic area may be seen divided into a plurality of contiguous radio coverage areas, or cells, C1-C10. While the system of FIG. 7 is, for illustration purposes, shown to include only ten cells, the number of cells may be much larger in practice. Associated with and located in each of the cells C1-C10 is a base station designated as a corresponding one of a plurality of base stations B1-B10. Each of the base stations B1-B10 includes a plurality of channel units, each comprising a transmitter, a receiver and a controller, as is well known in the art. A plurality of mobile stations M1-M9 are found in various ones of cells C1-C10. These mobile stations also include circuitry for transmitting and receiving signals over the air interface.
Methods and arrangements incorporating the present invention can be readily applied in both base and mobile stations within a cellular system such as the one depicted in FIG. 7. For instance, in the arrangement depicted in FIG. 4, encoders 404 and 406, interleaver 412, and transmitter 416 can be, for example, signal generating components in a base station. While mobile stations, in communication with the base station, contain the receiver 418, detector 420, deinterleaver 424 and the Viterbi decoder 426. It is readily apparent that a base station can also include receiving components such as the receiver 418, detector 420, deinterleaver 424 and the Viterbi decoder 426 to receive signals generated by a mobile station containing the encoders 404 and 406, interleaver 412, and transmitter 416.
In accordance with the foregoing disclosure, it is readily apparent that the present invention is capable of many variations. Detailed implementation can be derived from the description contained herein by a person skilled in the art. All such variations and modifications are considered to be within the scope and spirit of the present invention as defined by the following claims.
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|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Dec 30, 1998
|Jun 12, 2001
|Itt Manufacturing Enterprises, Inc.
|Digital broadcasting system and method
|Mar 26, 1998
|Sep 11, 2001
|Erksson Inc
|Method for determining the position of a mobile station
|Apr 27, 2001
|Nov 19, 2002
|Itt Manufacturing Enterprises, Inc.
|Digital broadcasting system and method
|Nov 13, 2000
|Nov 29, 2005
|Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
|Methods and systems for accumulating metrics generated by a sequence estimation algorithm
|Nov 25, 2003
|Dec 2, 2008
|Sony Corporation
|Communication system, transmitting apparatus and transmitting method, receiving apparatus and receiving method, unbalance code mixing method and multiple code decoding method
|Nov 25, 2003
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|Sony Corporation
|Communication system, transmitting apparatus and transmitting method, receiving apparatus and receiving method, unbalance code mixing method and multiple code decoding method
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|U.S. Classification
|375/341, 375/262
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Mar 20, 1996
Owner name: TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON, SWEDEN
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:NORMAN, JOHN MARTEN;REEL/FRAME:007922/0154
Effective date: 19960311
|Aug 8, 2003
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Aug 20, 2007
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Feb 8, 2008
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Apr 1, 2008
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20080208


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'Got Faith 'N Phat' is a classic grooving TT track with Scott Kinsey's keys sounding so much like a Tower of Power horn section that I looked at the liner notes to see who was playing. Gary Willis's bass is stunning - pulsing delicately in places and then pumping. Each new track he seems more impressive. His choice of notes and articulation is superb.Read more ›
If you've heard Rocket Science, this album will sound very familiar. This is a plus and a minus. It's a plus, because these guys are awesome. Rocket Science is my favorite TT CD. Thick probably the next favorite. All their albums (and member's solo projects) are very good. It's a minus, because it sounds like a the red-headed stepchild of, or out-takes from, Rocket Science.
Any TT album, even their "worst" one, is going to put most other funk/fusion bands to shame. Henderson is one of the best electric guitarists ever (I think he's better than Hendrix and Stevie Ray were.). Willis is in my top two favorite bassists (The other is Percy Jones.). Kinsey's Kinesthetics is just about as good as any Weather Report album. And speaking of WR, a lot of their (and Zawinul's solo) albums sound pretty similar too, while still being great. So, take that into account.
If you require new, improved, groundbreaking TT, this isn't it. But, it's very good. I'm glad to have it complete my collection, but it simply pales in comparison to most of Henderson, Willis and Kinsey's solo projects (I wasn't totally wild about the last two solo Willis CDs, while Bent and No Sweat are amazing.).
Just my opinions.
And this is why I'm only giving it three stars... I'm grading on a curve. Contrasted to anything by U2 or Lady Gaga, I'd give it a million stars.
Most Recent Customer Reviews
It's Tribal Tech. I love it. You love it. Otherwise you wouldn't be reading this. Henderson and Willis are back and they sound great. Buy it and enjoy the onslaught of Tech.Published 5 months ago by Ohms
Not the best Tribal Tech but still the best in actual jazz-ROCK fusion band there is today. Shame they didn't do any touring after doing this CD.Published 13 months ago by CALLAHAN
A well-played, well-produced project - most of the music feels and sounds like jams cobbled together into finished work. Read morePublished 15 months ago by Matthew
oh my greatness, could these guys get any better, wish there were more people out thererlike them...Published 22 months ago by Jeff Plummer
Toss out the annoying "Let's get swunck", and you have a shredding album. Not for the faint of heart. It isn't background music.Published on May 25, 2014 by R. Haenggi
Scott Henderson, Gary Willis, Scott Kinsey and Kirk Covington have done it again! I think this one raises the bar once again for us hardcore Fusion Jazz fans.Published on January 1, 2014 by J.S.
Okay, they got back together and rocked the house...and the results are truly worth the purchase. Incredible playing by all.Published on September 11, 2013 by Gary Granger
Amazing - if you liked the old Tribal Tech CD's then you are in for a treat! The final rendition of the band sounds as fresh as they ever have. Read morePublished on April 1, 2013 by flodaddy


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Travel five continents in a 55 country rail trip in this ten part series. On this journey, we travel on the Orient Express, which takes us from London to Venice, Switzerland and Paris.
From London's historic Victoria Station to the sunny cities of Italy, ultimately climbing into the astounding summits of Switzerland, this video takes the viewer on a stunning trip through Europe by rail. The first leg of the journey takes the fabled Orient Express from London to the English Channel, then, after a ferry crossing, resumes a luxurious train trip through France and into Italy. The scenery shown in the video is spectacular, and it easily establishes the point that a train window might be the ideal vantage point from which to appreciate Europe. The second leg of the journey takes the viewer through Venice, Florence, Rome, and Milan, and in the third leg of the trip, the Glacier Express rolls upward into the Alps. The footage shot in Switzerland is particularly astonishing as the trains doggedly move up the mountains (but inside, things remain calm--wineglasses in the luxurious cars are specially made to sit on tables that are always slanted). This commendable video features an understated narration that lets the scenery and the classic trains speak for themselves; when portraying a combination train station and observatory 13,000 feet high in the Alps, the photography says more than any narrator could. --Robert J. McNamara --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title.
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The comfortable rooms are 3-star rated. Arriving and departing is easy thanks to the nearby Central Railway Station. Ivan Vazov National Theatre, National Assembly of Bulgaria and Saints Cyril and Methodius National Library are within a short walk from here. St. Nedelya Church is near this accommodation, and well worth a visit. Thrill-seekers should consider a visit to SofiaLand.
Prime Rentals offers a fine array of services, including a laundry service, a baby-sitting service and a late check-out option. Forgot something? A minimarket, located on site, can solve that. Animal owners may enjoy staying here, as guests' pets are permitted on the premises. Book one of the 3 rooms. Thanks to a paid airport shuttle bus you won't even need to negotiate public transportation. If you're coming by car, free parking at limited hours is available at the accommodation.
At Prime Rentals you can adjust your own room temperature and A/C. You can enjoy wireless high-speed Internet access (complimentary) from the rooms of this property. Bathrooms include a complimentary toiletries set and a rainfall showerhead. Rooms here are equipped with a refrigerator, a coffee/tea maker and cookware.
|From 14:00 Check-out: Until 11:00
|Wireless high-speed Internet access (complimentary)
|Free Parking (limited)
|Airport shuttle:
|Airport Transportation (surcharge)
|Pet policy:
|Pets allowed
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|Note: It is the responsibility of the hotel chain and/or the individual property to ensure the accuracy of the photos displayed. We are not responsible for any inaccuracies in the photos.
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|Activity Schedule
Stay Active, Be Part of Columbia Intramurals!
The Columbia Intramural program provides Dodge Fitness Center members with opportunities to participate in competitive leagues and tournaments in a variety of team and individual sports and activites. Intramual competitions scheduled for 2015-2016 include:
Team Leagues:
Individual Leagues:
There is a refundable $50 deposit per team and a refundable $20 deposit per individual in league and tournament play.
A schedule of Fall Leagues and Tournaments can be found at the top of this page.
For registration instructions, please click here.


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Stan the T.rex
Please note due to event bookings some of our galleries will be closing early:
Thursday 5 May – Living Worlds gallery will close at 4:30pm
Saturday 21 May
Saturday 1 October
No visit to The Manchester Museum would be complete without seeing our terrific Tyrannosaurus rex, our very own Stan!
Named after Stan Sacrison, the amateur palaeontologist who discovered the skeleton, Stan the T. rex was excavated by the Black Hills Institute in 1992.
The fossil remains were found in an outcrop of Badlands (rough terrain) near Buffalo (South Dakota) in the USA.
Using a Bobcat ( a small earth moving machine), a jackhammer, picks and shovels the excavation removed the rock, known as overburden, above the fossil.
After this Knives, scribes and brushes were used to expose the fossil bones and teeth while glues and other chemicals were applied to stabilize and preserve the suface of the fossils and to keep them stable.
Before removal of the fossils, each one was drawn on a 'map' using a grid set over each section of the site.
The fossils were then covered with aluminium foil and encased in a field jacket, layered burlap (sack-cloth) and plaster, so they could be moved without breakage.
All excavated material was then transported to the lab for specialised cleaning, called preparation.


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The nation's birth certificate will be on display during the Republican National Convention.
St. Paul Mayor Chris Coleman says he and Secretary of State Mark Ritchie have arranged to have an original copy of the Declaration of Independence on exhibit during the upcoming political convention.
It will be on view at City Hall from Sept. 2-4.
Coleman says a national party convention is a perfect fit for a document that celebrates American civic pride.
This spring, the Minnesota History Center had the original printed version of the document on display, and 22,000 people came to see it. It is one of only 25 of the original printed versions used to deliver the colonial message of independence to the king of England.


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Modeled on the elegant ocean liners of old, the Queen Elizabeth offers exceptional service that never goes out of fashion.
Ian Carmichael, the Mayfair-based hairdresser who has been responsible for the Queen's hair for the past 15 years, declared that it was a "big mistake for women in their mid-40s and beyond" to have their hair cut short.
I propose that the priority of the next government budget should be to privatise the monarchy... The only difference is that the royal family will have to dip into their vast personal wealth in order to fund their luxurious lifestyles - and pay their fair share of tax.
If we lose Elizabeth Fry from our five pound note, we are left with the Queen as our only female representative. Are we really unable to find a single historical female figure worthy of being commemorated? Maybe we just can't collectively remember women that have done great deeds. That certainly seems to have been the trouble in sport this month.
The most significant influence in recent years has been Kate Middleton whose impeccable fashion sense has been instrumental in boosting takings in British High Street tills, inspiring optimism in a flagging clothing industry. The Reiss fashion chain, for example, is reported to have increased its fortune by £5 million to £130 million after Kate wore its creations.
Dear Mr Prime Minister, you've had a rough time lately. You party is in disarray. Your popularity rating has never been lower. You've resorted to acknowledging that Ed Miliband exists. So I have a solution: invade America.
A new baby trumps any guests, even royal ones. All special treatment is diverted to the newest member of the family and guests must respect this and accept that standards in the home you are visiting may not be what they usually are. So Your Majesty do not be surprised if you glance around the room and see William's underpants drying on the radiators.
I think we were all amazed that The Queen was travelling on public transport the day after the horrific murder of the young soldier Lee Rigby on the streets of Woolwich. It showed courage and a determination on the part of the Queen to carry on and not be intimated by the threats posed by those who think nothing of wantonly taking innocent lives.
Now that we are all looking at the Coronation again on its 60th anniversary, I can see that the Coronation being broadcast on TV was the real start of the new era when posh began to give way to popular culture.
Watching the BBC's The Apprentice, I am reminded of a show in last year's series when one of the contestants endlessly repeated 'What's the strategy? ...
Expectations of the Queen's Speech, in terms of economic measures, were low. Sadly, they turn out to be right. Nothing that was announced today will make much difference either to growth in the economy in the short-term or its potential to grow in the medium-term.
Over the last session of parliament we have seen a remarkably thin legislative agenda from the government. Swathes of parliamentary time have been left unfilled and the bills that they did produce have been chaotic, badly drafted and badly managed. I have calculated that since the last Queen's speech, the government have u-turned on average once every seven sitting days. If No10 briefing is accurate, they are u-turning on this Queen's Speech before it's even been delivered by dropping minimum alcohol pricing, plain cigarette packaging and their register of lobbying interests.
This St George's Day we - 22 very different faith organisations, plus anti-racist groups - are reclaiming St George, plus people of different ethnicities and different religions (even the Welsh!). St George does not belong to extremists.
When I first touched down in Heathrow on 2 June 2012 I was broke, had one tattoo and was engaged. Now, I'm still broke, but I have collected 21 more tattoos (soon to be 22 - sorry Mum), and I'm definitely not engaged anymore.
I send Simon Price a message to verify if he identifies as straight; he does, but adds that he is "culturally queer." That'll do. He says I'm "Wide of the mark" to call Hilary Mantel's remarks bitchy. Why? "Because it demeans the valid points she made and implies that her remarks were made with personal malice, when her beef wasn't personal."
While The Queen has spoken approvingly of the UK's many races and faiths, for six decades she has ignored LGBT Britons. If she treated black and Asian Britons in the same way, she'd be denounced as a racist. Why the double standards? The monarchy is homophobic - if not by conscious intent, then certainly by default.


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Brookdale Fillmore Pond offers exceptional senior living options to seniors in the Bennington County, Vermont area. We are located just west of historic Bennington in the foothills of the Green Mountains. Our community has apartments in many size ranges, our common areas are warm and inviting and...
13 miles from Cambridge, NY
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The Cook Adult Home is a 13 bed residence. The home is in a civil war era house, built on a hill overlooking the City of Mechanicville in Saratoga County, New York and the hills of Vermont. We provide 24 hour supervision, medication management, assistance with all activites of daily living in a home...
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Located in West Sand Lake, New York, Ludder's Country Home Care provides compassionate, 24/7 long-term care for the elderly.
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Pine Valley Home Pine Valley Home is a residential care home located in the picturesque village of Hoosick Falls, in Rensselaer County, New York. Our beautiful home has a rich heritage and scenic architecture. We encourage our residents to visit some of our historical sites and become a part of our...
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Nichols Family Type Home for Adults Nichols Family Type Home for Adults is a residential care home located in the scenic city of Troy, in Rensselaer County, New York. Our beautiful home has a breathtaking natural landscape and tranquil atmosphere, perfect for seniors looking to relax and spend...
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Troy Adult Home Troy Adult Home is an assisted living community that benefits from being nestled among the natural beauty of Troy, NY. The forest of trees that surrounds our facility give off a cascade of color during the fall, and the wide open spaces on our grounds give residents plenty of places...
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Nope there is one here as well. Todays announcement
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I am in the label printing business and I have a
salt water aquarium. I cam up with these labels
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Welcome to Aquarium Home Farm Center, a
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I am the owner of Custom Acrylic Reef. We can
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Flights to Atlanta from San Francisco
Flights to Atlanta from San Francisco
Flights San Francisco - Atlanta fly from San Francisco to Atlanta at the best prices in the market. Flights from San Francisco (San Francisco) to Atlanta (HartsfieldJackson Atlanta) with Destinia. To search for availability and reserve your flight San Francisco - Atlanta look at the box above and select the departure and return date as desired. You can also buy several airplane tickets San Francisco (San Francisco airport) - Atlanta (HartsfieldJackson Atlanta airport) at the same time, by selecting the adults, children and babies travelling. You can filter the type of flight if you only want direct flights to San Francisco - Atlanta, multiple destinations or flight stopovers.
San Francisco and Atlanta are 3457 kilometres away from each other, with an estimated flight time of 04:56 h (this may vary depending on the weather or air routes)
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Atlanta has one airport: HartsfieldJackson Atlanta (ATL), located 13 km away from the city centre. The hotels in Atlanta closest to its airport are:
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The list is out for Forbes Korea magazine's annual ranking of the 40 Most Powerful Celebrities, a ranking that takes into account a whole host of factors including buzz, name recognition, successful projects, number of CFs, and so forth. I hope to forestall useless arguing since just because you/he/she think your oppa or unni is the most popular person on the planet doesn't make it so, just sayin'. The biggest shocker of all power surges has got to be Hyeri of Girl's Day who went from nowhere close to edging on the list last year to being a whopping #3 this year. Oh how one Answer Me 1988 and some aegyo will do for a career boost. She's the first girl on the list, with the #1 spot going to EXO and Yoo Ah In impressively landing on #2. Yoo Ah In squeezing past Kim Soo Hyun (#5) in the actor category is quite a feat. The highest ranking actress on the list remains Jeon Ji Hyun at #8, and while K-netizens seem to hate IU she's sitting pretty at the #9 spot. Check out the full list below. Continue reading
Tag Archives: Lee Jung Jae
It's a nice time to be Yoo Ah In right now, what with a ratings leader sageuk drama in Six Flying Dragons and now just crowned as the Best Actor winner at the 36th annual Blue Dragon Film Awards for … Continue reading
I'm always entertained by lists and polls, offering a snapshot of the general reaction to the topic at hand without needing to take it seriously. The latest list is interesting in how many selections elicited approving nods from me. tvN … Continue reading
Just because Jeon Ji Hyun did one mega hit K-drama without any indication she's planning anymore small screen forays doesn't mean she's not acting. She's just back to her day job is all, being one of the biggest K-actress movie … Continue reading
The 51st Grand Bell Awards went off without a hitch last night in Seoul, though apparently there was major behind-the-scenes conflict between the past and present organizers. It was also quite a dud of an affair with the wins mostly … Continue reading
The 50th annual Baeksang Art Awards concluded last night and actually managed to not render me wholly disappointed even with next to zero expectations. I can't say the entire endeavor rewarded and feted the most deserving movies, dramas, actors, and … Continue reading
Awwww, Jeon Ji Hyun can sell me anything. Toss in Lee Jung Jae and I pretty much just throw money at them so I can continue to stare at their collective cuteness. SK Telecom has brought them together for a … Continue reading
It's the 5th year the Korean entertainment industry has run its annual Good Downloader Campaign aimed at curbing piracy and illegal downloads. Good luck with that, but the campaign always gets the most famous and gorgeous stars to participate and … Continue reading
Nothing screams dead heat of Summer than a nighttime VIP movie premiere in Seoul where all the stars attending were glistening with the combination of BB cream and sweat. Blotting paper for all! It was a parade of actors and … Continue reading
Hot off the presses comes the first ever look at the poster for the upcoming Choi Dong Hoon blockbuster heist movie The Thieves. Billed as the Asian version of Ocean's Eleven, the cast of Korean and Hong Kong actors find … Continue reading
The upcoming Korean heist movie Thieves has a seriously mind boggling cast of Lee Jung Jae, Jeon Ji Hyun, Kim Hye Soo, Kim Yoon Seok (the undisputed box office winner of this Fall season with Wandeuki), and Kim Soo Hyun. … Continue reading
The tail end of 2011 for Korean dramas looks to be all about the cable networks. OCN has Vampire Prosecutor with Yeon Jung Hoon which is getting solid reviews for it's edgy style, and shortly tvN will be debuting it's first teen-targeted … Continue reading
The upcoming big-budget Korean movie Thieves, helmed by director Choi Dong-hoon (Tazza, The Big Swindle, and Jeon Woo Chi), has started filming this month. The entire cast is in Hong Kong for a primary location shoot, as the big heist in … Continue reading


text:
|[MISSHA (Misha)]
|Product name
| ESSENCE GEUM-SUL (snow money)
Cum Sol essence
|Content amount
|40 ml
|Product description
|New-Oriental premium Oriental line follows the earnest care "beauty I (chobojan)" care "Agung" from "Kim snow (Kum-SIL)
Support original power with pure gold extract (moisturizing ingredients) skin, the latest Oriental medicine focused on the beauty of the skin series.
♦ warms up the skin with rich comfort premium Oriental essence.
♦ to create from the horny layer moisture and shine to bring your skin.
[How to use]
After applying lotion, dosage (Pearl grain about one minute the pump 3 press) took palms on cheeks, forehead, nose, Chin and stretches.
Afterwards, use temperature of hands and gently press down to wrap.
• Secrets of Kim snow led to glowing skin (Kum-SIL).
1. Mountain gold extraction aged 3 (sannsann), Ling grass (reishi)
Mountain, extraction and aged in a gold vessel, taken during the most concentrated ingredients see (sannsann), Ling grass (reishi) proprietary purification and processing method.
* Mountain ginseng (sannsann): 25-30 years roots were collected in early fall will be most concentrated ingredients Korea natural mountain 3
By supporting the capacity of the skin youthful skin (* formulated as moisturizing moisture Panax ginseng root extract)
* Ling grass (reishi): turfgrass Ling were taken in the summer of growth is the best time
Healthy and alive on your skin (* formulated as a moisturizer moisturizing ingredients race ex)
2. Oriental give moisture to skin formulations
Korean people lead me to support your skin's natural power and forget your age your skin formulations
Moisturizing balm, honey, ginger, licorice & white 麪 & white blow and stagnancy's natural radiance of your skin.
• Instead of purified water "Koryo ginseng 100% of water use,
Moisturizing ingredients: Panax ginseng root root water as ingredients. Good anti-dry skin because it contains saponin, ginseng, said.
◆ "hundred two gold" containing extract calatacibana extract (moisturizing ingredients)
Leads to clarity and fine skin.
◆ "snow Lotus (setsurennka), in fragrance
Mind settle down with "snow Lotus" with a tough life to grow in a natural scent.
◆ 無taaru dyes and oils 無parabenn, 無torikurosann, 無mineraru
|Country of manufacture
|Skin care and intensive care
|Ads responsibility
|MAW Ltd.
06-6251-3316 (contact number)
Start Date:01/07/2016 00:00 JST
End Date:31/08/2016 23:59 JST
This product cannot be shipped to United States from the store.
Please contact the store for further information.


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Who Wins Tonight? Texas Tech or TCU? [POLL]
KFYO Poll of the Day
What does Chad have to say this afternoon? Check out today's podcast.
On Friday's edition of Lubbock's First News, Blayne Beal, associate athletics director for Texas Tech University, talked with Tom Collins and Laura Mac about the new changes fans can expect at Jones AT&T this season.
On Wednesday's edition of Lubbock's First News, Hailey Assiter from the Ronald McDonald House talked with Tom Collins and Laura Mac about the 2013 Quaterback Sack Attack.
Over 300 women took part in the annual Women's Football Clinic at Texas Tech
The 10 Biletnikoff Award semifinalists will be announced by the Tallahassee Quarterback Club Foundation, Inc. on November 18th, 2013.
The Double T Varsity Club will coordinate efforts to serve former student-athletes through reunion programs and activities while maintaining a lifelong relationship with Texas Tech.
Texas Tech football will kick off the 2013 season with a game at Southern Methodist University on Friday, August 30th at 7 p.m.


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Constant Vigilance Is How You Win Your Fantasy Baseball LeagueWe've all heard the story from a friend how he or she simply drafted their fantasy baseball team and forgot all about it until finding out they won the league in October. Generally, that doesn't happen very often thanks to injuries, slumps and inevitable bad luck. You have to stay on top of your team's roster all summer long to win.
Beware Players That Switch Leagues At The Trade DeadlineEvery year it happens: Big-league trades send hitters and pitchers from the National League to the American League—and vice versa. This isn't always a good thing, though, as pitchers have a hard time adjusting going from the NL to the AL, while hitters have a hard time adjusting going from the AL to the NL.
5 Replacements For Rams' Sam BradfordWith Sam Bradford out for the season, it's time to look at who should become the new Rams quarterback this year.
Moore Wins 13th, Rays Sweep TwinsMatt Moore won his 13th game this season, Luke Scott and Evan Longoria hit back-to-back homers, and the surging Tampa Bay Rays completed a four-game sweep by beating the Minnesota Twins 4-3 on Thursday.
Matt Moore Must Step Up In Rays RotationComing into the 2012 season, Matt Moore was likely the most-hyped pitching prospect in baseball – not without good reason.


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Pheasant Valley Marketing Group LLC
1740 H Dell Range Blvd # 281, Cheyenne, WY 82009 http://www.wyomingbase.com/2010/07/22/2010-000587602-Pheasant-Valley-Marketing-Group-Trade-Name.html
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1200 Reviews
$1000 Protection*
Quick location on your site, easy ordering, quick shipment and perfect fit when it arrived. Great quality too. Thanks
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Our warehouse is stocked full of parts for all kinds of appliances.
Questions? Just ask - No call centers!
We are a USA business based in Denver, Colorado and we stand fully behind our products and service


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Man busted for stealing a guy's life -- and his underwear
Whether or not Timothy P. Gonzales is a Talking Heads fan, the "Once in a Lifetime" lyric "This is not my beautiful house!" should have gone through his head last week -- at just about the moment the man whose home he'd basically moved into fired a warning shot in his general direction.
According to the Golden Police Department, Gonzales made himself comfy at a house for sale on the 1200 block of Mesa Court. He parked his car (a nice one) in the garage, put food in the refrigerator, did his laundry and, of course, loaded up a work bench with ingredients used in making meth. Hell, he even posed as the home's owner when real estate agents arrived to show clients the property.
If only the actual owner hadn't turned up a short time later, packing heat. The cops followed, finding Gonzales clad only in the homeowner's boxer shorts. Which probably gave them a good look at Timothy P's giant cojones.
Check out pics of Gonzales and the rest of the details below. Same as it ever was...
This isn't your beautiful wife, either, Timothy P. Gonzales.
Homeowner nabs burglar
Golden, Colo. -- Date, November 16, 2009 -- On Nov. 09, 2009 Golden Police responded to a private residence in the 1200 block of Mesa Court for a reported Burglary in Progress, where shots were fired. On arrival they found the owner holding a male suspect at gunpoint.
The homeowner told police he returned home around 5:00 p.m. on November 09, 2009. When he opened his garage door he found that there was a white Lexus ES300 parked in his garage. He entered his home and went to the master bedroom. The home owner noticed that several items were out of place. He retrieved his hand gun and loaded it. He left his bedroom and entered the main living room, calling out as he walked. To his surprise a male voice answered. He looked upstairs and saw a male standing there wearing only a pair of boxers, belonging to the home owner. The homeowner ordered the man out of his house and showed the suspect his gun. The man argued with the homeowner, claiming the homeowner`s gun was not real. When the suspect moved aggressively toward him, the homeowner fired a warning shot, purposely away from the suspect. Police arrived a short time later.
The investigation revealed that the suspect, 24-year old Timothy P. Gonzales, had been in the residence most of the day. He showered, did his laundry and placed his own items in the refrigerator. Police also discovered materials commonly used to make methamphetamine on the work bench in the garage.
Through continued investigative interviews it was learned that Gonzales actually represented himself as the home owner when two real estate agents and their clients came to the residence for a home showing. The home is for sale.
The suspect is Timothy P. Gonzales, 12/25/1984 of Golden.
Gonzales was booked into the Jefferson County jail for burglary, possession of burglary tools and drug violations.
The Jefferson County District Attorney`s office will consider further charges.
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Telephone & Addresses
(1 - 4 from 28
Ada Lau, 79, Bellevue, Se 62nd Pl
View Ada Wc's social profiles and photos on Facebook, MySpace, and +40 Networks.
Ada Lau, 26
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Ada Lau, 73, Honolulu, Date St
View Ada Wc's social profiles and photos on Facebook, MySpace, and +40 Networks.
Ada Lau, 66, Mercer Island, Holly Ln
View Ada Wc's social profiles and photos on Facebook, MySpace, and +40 Networks.
Yellow Page contacts
Network Profiles
(1 - 4 from 128
LinkedIn: Ada Lau | LinkedIn
View Ada Lau's professional profile on LinkedIn. LinkedIn is the world's largest business network, helping professionals like Ada Lau discover inside connections to ...
Something extra | Entertainment | Jamaica Gleaner
With so many parties this season, it's no wonder we still have photos from the weekend...
Acupuncture transmitted infections
Woo, Patrick C. Y.; Lin, Ada W. C.; Lau, Susanna K. P.; Kwok-yung Yuen. PUB. DATE. May 2010. SOURCE. BMJ: British Medical Journal (Overseas & Retired ...
Pleural Space Infections: Microbiologic And Fluid Characteristics In...
Woo, Patrick C. Y.; Lin, Ada W. C.; Lau, Susanna K. P.; Kwok-yung Yuen // BMJ: British Medical Journal (Overseas & Retired Doctors Edition;5/29/2010, Vol.
Business Profiles
(1 - 4 from 5
Xing: Ada Lau
teller / brooklyn, Vereinigte Staaten
Xing: Ada Lau
Magister / Project Manager / La Molina, Peru
Ada Lau | LF Logistics | ZoomInfo.com
View Ada Lau's business profile as Senior Supervisor - Logistics at Li & Fung Limited and see work history, affiliations and more.
Ada Lau | ScotiaMcLeod Inc. | ZoomInfo.com
View Ada Lau's business profile as Manager , Business Support at ScotiaMcLeod Inc. and see work history, affiliations and more.
Private Homepages
Ada Lau
Welcome to your new Drupal website! Please follow these steps to set up and start using your website: Configure your website Once logged in, visit the administration ...
Expert Panels | Herbal Medicines Compendium
Brad WC Lau, Ph.D. Clara Bik San Lau, Ph.D. Ping Li, Ph.D. Rui Chao Lin, Ph.D. Shen Ji, Ph.D. Shangmei Shi Pengfei Tu, Ph.D. Zheng-Tao Wang, Ph.D.
Nursery, Ada Lau
Nursery, Ada Lau. Profile information to come, stay tuned. < Prev · Next >. Calendar Menu. LELC Events Calendar · Volunteer Schedule · Worship Helpers ...
ARA Financial Services - Our Team
Our Team
Church Staff - CPCC - Prepare to Meet Your God
Sonny Wan Associate Pastor. Rev. Steven Chen Assistant Pastor. Mrs. Susanna Sham Ministerial Staff. Ada Lau Children Director Chinese School Prinicpal ...
(1 - 4 from 6
classmates: Ada Lau
Baldwin Park High School, Baldwin Park, CA, 1994-1998
classmates: Ada Lau
Elsik High School, Houston, TX, 1994-1998
classmates: Ada (Nishizawa) Lau
Aiea High School, Aiea, HI, 1972-1976
classmates: Ada Liu (Lau)
Miami Sunset High School, Miami, FL, 1985-1989
Bad news
(1 - 4 from 6
findagrave: Lau, Ada
09/9/1859 - 05/16/1862, Waukesha (Waukesha County, Wisconsin)
findagrave: Lau, Ada Whitman
02/16/1907 - 10/5/2001, Tripoli (Bremer County, Iowa)
findagrave: Lau, Adalla
12/1/1917 - 12/12/1921, Lu Verne (Kossuth County, Iowa)
findagrave: Lau, Adam
04/17/1827 - 11/21/1905, Glen Rock (York County, Pennsylvania)
Ada Lau (1890 - d.) - Genealogy
Genealogy for Ada Lau (1890 - d.) family tree on Geni, with over 140 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives.
Ada Lau Posey in the 1940 Census | Ancestry.com
View Ada Lau Posey's 1940 US census record to find family members, occupation details & more. Access is free so discover Ada Lau's story today.
Ada Lau
Potential photos and documents for Ada Lau. Ada Lucinda Lowe. ... Top record matches for Ada Lau. 1920 United States Federal Census.
Ada Lau - Ancestry.com
Ada Lau
LAU, ADA - Bremer County, Iowa | ADA LAU - Iowa Gravestone Photos
ADA LAU - Bremer County Iowa - Ada Feb 16, 1907 - Oct 5, 2001 Art May 29, 1901 - Jujly 28, 1978
Books & Literature
(1 - 4 from 7
Booktopia - A Collection of Management Essays by Joseph Wc Lau,...
Booktopia has A Collection of Management Essays by Joseph Wc Lau. Buy a discounted Paperback of A Collection of Management Essays online from Australia's...
Current Surgical Guidelines - Abdullah Jibawi, David Cade - Google...
Lau WY, Teoh—Chan CI-I, Fan ST, Yam WC, Lau KF, Wong SI-I (1984).The bacteriology and septic complication of patients with appendicitis.Ann Surg 200 ...
CCN proteins in health and disease: An overview of the Fifth...
... Haibo Liu, Ada Lau, and Brahim Chaqour Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New ...
A Collection of Management Essays : Joseph Wc Lau : 9781512206272
A Collection of Management Essays by Joseph Wc Lau, 9781512206272, available at Book Depository with free delivery worldwide.
Related Documents
SelectedWorks - Patrick W.C. Lau
Berkeley Electronic Press Selected Works
[1003.0996] Approaches for multi-step density forecasts with...
Submission history. From: Ada Lau [view email] [v1] Thu, 4 Mar 2010 09:37:37 GMT (235kb) [v2] Fri, 12 Nov 2010 14:07:13 GMT (803kb)
Moffett v. Barclay (1995) :: :: California Court of Appeal Decisions...
App.4th 982] $25,000 on Ada Lau at State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company. fn. 3 The offer, which was addressed to "defendants and their attorneys ...
Ada Lau - Academia.edu
Academia.edu is a place to share and follow research.
Scientific Publications
Ada T. Lau
View Ada T. Lau's professional profile. Publications: 1 | Citations: 2 Field Rating: 1. Fields of study: Education
Chronic effects of ambient air pollution on respiratory morbidities...
The chronic health effects from exposure to ambient air pollution are still unclear. This study primarily aims to examine the relationship between long-term...
Acupuncture transmitted infections. (2010-03-18) · Q-Sensei
Woo, Patrick C Y · Lin, Ada W C · Lau, Susanna K P · Yuen, Kwok-Yung. Published online, 2010-03-18. Journal, BMJ (Clinical research ed.) See all Details ...
Publications Authored by Patrick Wc Lau - PubFacts
Patrick Wc Lau - Hong Kong Baptist University. Follow Patrick Wc Lau. Patrick Wc Lau. Are you Patrick Wc Lau? Claim your profile, edit publications, add ...
Ada Lau Pictures, Images & Photos | Photobucket
Browse Ada Lau pictures, photos, images, GIFs, and videos on Photobucket
Wc Lau 2 Pictures, Images & Photos | Photobucket
Browse Wc Lau 2 pictures, photos, images, GIFs, and videos on Photobucket
Video & Audio
wc Lau - YouTube
我是透過「YouTube 影片編輯器」(http://www.youtube.com/editor) 建立這部影片. wc Lau uploaded a video 4 months ago. 0:18. Play next; Play now ...
Ada Lau Chun Lan on Vimeo
Ada Lau Chun Lan is a member of Vimeo, the home for high quality videos and the people who love them.
William WC Lau - YouTube
William WC Lau. Videos · Playlists · Channels · Discussion · About · What to Watch. Best of YouTube. Popular on ... Loading... Working... William WC Lau. Home.
Basketball Bounce by Chrstina Chen, Christiana Fields, Ada Lau,,...
► 0:51► 0:51Awards Recital at Friday Morning Musicale (5/25/13)
Ada Lau - search
Publish all kinds of relevant football news of both inside and outside timely!
Reports & Statements
(1 - 4 from 5
Twitter Posts: Zakaria Simukonda auf Twitter: "@halianahalim haaha . tak jugak . jum...
@halianahalim haaha . tak jugak . jum la wc lau tak caye . wahahahaha. 0 replies 0 retweets 0 favorites. Reply. Retweet Retweeted. Favorite
Wikipedia: Reginald de Veulle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
He also now supplied her drugs, mainly sourced from Ada Lau Ping and her husband Yu Lau Ping in Limehouse, east London. In 1916, de Veulle married ...
azonna [azonna] on Plurk - Plurk
azonna [azonna] on Plurk
Notes/Domino 6 and 7 Forum : Lotus Script : Evaluate Function -...
+ abs+
(1 - 20 from 40
Wing Cheong Lau - Google Scholar Citations
Self-similar traffic generation: The random midpoint displacement algorithm and its properties. WC Lau, A Erramilli, JL Wang, W Willinger. Communications ...
Wee Lum Tan - Cytowania w Google Scholar
Performance evaluation of differentiated services mechanisms over wireless sensor networks. WL Tan, OC Yue, WC Lau. Vehicular Technology Conference ...
Ada Lau Hiu Yee CFA: Executive Profile & Biography - Businessweek
Ms. Ada Lau Hiu Yee, CFA, serves as a Portoflio Manager of The Premium China Fund and Value Partners Limited. Ms. Yee serves as Portfolio Manager at Value...
Blog | ada lau BLOG - Yahoo! Blog - blogging from Yahoo
Web. ada lau BLOG. ada lau BLOG. Posts · Photo. 0-0/0 posts. There is no article in this blog. ada. ada Edit .. View profile. Search. Categories. Uncategorized0 ...
Ada Lau (@ada) • Instagram photos and videos
See Instagram photos and videos from Ada Lau (@ada)
Ada Lau - China Export Sales Agent Profile Contact
Ada Lau International Export Sales Agent, Social Networking, Exporter, Manufacturer, Trader, Supplier, Buyer, heating shoes,heating insoles,heating gloves ...
Ada Lau design porfolio
Ada Lau design porfolio
William Wc Lau | Free Listening on SoundCloud
Listen to William Wc Lau | Explore the largest community of artists, bands, podcasters and creators of music & audio.. 2 Followers. Stream Tracks and Playlists...
Model One : Ada Lau
Model One - Ada Lau Information ... Height: 174cm: Hair: Dark Brown: Bust: 84cm: Eyes: Dark Brown: Waist: 60cm: Shoes: 38: Hips:
Nuestros Alumnos - PM Certifica
Abraham Mejía Sutti, PMP. Ada Lau, PMP. Adán Zarate Valera, PMP. Adela Esquivel, PMP. Adolfo Vargas, PMP. Adrian Gutierrez Bravo, PMP. Adriana Valloto, PMP
Ada WC Lau. adawc.lau. Adeniyi Funmilayo. adeniyi.funmilayo.5201. Adeonigbagbe Pelumi. adeonigbagbe.pelumi.1. Adeoti Funmilayo. adeoti.funmilayo.
Kant Marx and History | WC Lau - Academia.edu
By WC Lau.
老 中 网 - talk by Ada Lau (刘芳), top fem ale news anchor o...
Dear all, Please find below a fascinating talk next Monday by Ada Lau (刘芳), top female news anchor of the Chinese media (凤凰卫视).
Ada Lau: Real Estate Agent In Vancouver, BC | Sutton
Meet Ada Lau, an experienced Sutton real estate agent in beautiful Vancouver, BC. Ada will connect you with superior real estate opportunities!
A Collection of Management Essays by Joseph Wc Lau (9781512206272) -...
A Collection of Management Essays by Joseph Wc Lau (9781512206272) - (en)
Clapp Moroney | Vucinich | Beeman Scheley » Ada Y. Lau
Ada Y. Lau. Ada Lau joined Clapp Moroney as an associate in 2014 and is a member of the general liability practice group. Prior to joining the firm, Ada was a ...
Klamki i inne okucia. Zobacz całą serię LAU | klamex.pl
Koniec szukania i dopasowywania- stylowe klamki, ekskluzywne karnisze oraz inne retro okucia- WSZYSTKO W JEDNYM DESIGNIE, wybieraj z 12 serii. Klamki i inne...
Eko — Ada Lau
Eko is a customizable communication tool that streamlines the daily workflow. One-on-one conversations and group chats can easily be created and archived for ...
Ada Lau | WealthPrep
Ada Lau. (. CLU. CHFC. ) Elite Brokerage Service Inc. Location. #128 - 6540 E. Hastings St. V5B4Z5 Burnaby , BC. 0 RATINGS / 0 REVIEWS. 0. No votes yet.
Ada Lau, Sutton Grp West Coast (Van49) Real Estate Agent | REW.ca
Ada Lau, a realtor with Sutton Grp West Coast (Van49), specializes in residential houses and condos for sale. View the listings.
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Elite Runners
Before she became an Olympian, she had to outrun her brother's shadow.
Agent Merhawi Keflezighi represents some high-profile athletes making headlines this summer.
After years of injuries, the two-time national champion will remain active as a coach and advocate.
At a recent conference near Washington D.C., graduates learned the ins and outs of the running business.
Americans who fell short of making Team USA are setting personal bests in Europe.
The marathon phenom took home a statue at Wednesday's ESPY awards.
Clayton Murphy, the 800-meter Olympic Trials champion, heads to Rio on Team USA.
Frank Shorter, the father of the modern running boom, shares the dark truth about his own father, a truth he has run away from all his life but that ultimately has defined him as a runner, and as a man.
The steeplechaser made her naked debut the day before her U.S. Olympic Trials finals.
Unfortunately the Rio-bound champion can't drink until after the Games.


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You've got to try dukkah
This healthy North Park spot is too easy to miss
Ian Anderson 11 a.m., July 26
(Page 2 of 2)
Wednesday, December 12 Sam the Cooking Guy CA4SD 7:00 p.m.
While we're discussing food: I'd like all foodstuffs to be bioengineered, cross-pollinating everything's DNA with that of Teflon DNA. So when you drop a bit of meat or a prune on the floor and you pick it up, that one hair that managed to cling to the underside will magically slide off. Really, that gift is for us all. I'm nothing if not generous.
Thursday, December 13 Great Gifts QVC 7:00 p.m.
And the 400dsth and final Christmas present!: that Lawrence of Arabia outfit. I'm not joking. It's been 21 years. Let's hop to it. My friends and family should be ashamed of themselves, really.


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The new warehouse is the first facility in Vietnam to provide a super frozen storage room, which reaches as cold at -58 degrees Fahrenheit.
Meanwhile, just this Friday, the Shanghai Shipping Exchange said its Shanghai Containerized Freight Index declined 6.2 percent from last Friday's reading of 670.29 to a reading of 628.59.
William E. (Bill) Woodhour became president of Maersk Line, Ltd. (MLL) July 1 and will eventually become chief executive officer of the company, taking over from Russ Bruner, who has been president and CEO of MLL since 2014.
Registration takes less than 1 minute.
The collision in northern Texas left one injured and three missing Tuesday morning.
The United States Senate also confirmed the reappointment of Federal Maritime Commissioners Rebecca F. Dye and Michael A. Khouri, whose terms will now last until 2020 and 2021, respectively.
Wallenius Wilhelmsen Logistics has agreed to plead guilty and pay a $98.9 million criminal fine for its involvement in a conspiracy to fix prices on international ocean shipments of roll-on/roll-off cargo.


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Top Definition
Usually referred to as a piece of shit car. To be sold to a teenager, or a piece of shit human.
Dude! my parents must hate me, they bought me a used car for my birthday!
dari fasterthanfalcon Selasa, 28 Oktober 2014
Trending Now
Email dikirim dari firstname.lastname@example.com. Kita nggak bakalan nge-spam kamu kok :).×


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The Red Cross is helping with emergency housing and food needs.
Appointments for installations still available.
Installation Appointments Available for June 13
Seven Connecticut Volunteers Now Helping in Texas, Oklahoma
Volunteers are from Ansonia, Bolton, Uncasville and Bolton.
Teams Installed Smoke Alarms in Heritage Village; More Alarms Available
Granby's Ginny Brezza Honored for Exemplary Service


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Professional Pensions
PPF compensation cap may not comply with EU law, says Court of Appeal
The Pension Protection Fund's (PPF) compensation cap and restrictions on annual indexation increases could be at odds with EU law, according to a provisional judgement by the Court of Appeal.
FRC launches probe in connection with Guinness Peat schemes
The Financial Reporting Council (FRC) has launched investigations into the conduct of a number of individuals involved with various Guinness Peat pension schemes between 2004 and 2012.
PPF reveals proposed changes to insolvency risk model
The Pension Protection Fund has announced the changes it will consider making to the Experian insolvency model for the 2018/19 levy ahead of the formal consultation.
News continued
Upcoming events
In depth
In depth
BHS report exonerates TPR from failure and blames Green
MPs have concluded the regulator was not responsible for the collapse of plans to rescue the BHS pension schemes. Michael Klimes examines the report
Pensions Library
The impact of sluggish inflation on expected returns
UBS Asset Management publishes a white paper Lower for Longer which analyses the underlying factors that have recently suppressed inflation. The paper also looks at the latest macroeconomic data and for pointers indicating how inflation is likely to evolve in the near future.Download
Brexit: initial views from the investment floor at Columbia Threadneedle - 24 June 2016
In this special Brexit-themed Viewpoint our investment experts look at the impact of the UK referendum on UK and European equities, as well as the reaction of bond markets and the impact on currencies, credit and commodities.Download


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|Problems? Is your data what you think it is?
Puzzled by File::Findby dbae (Beadle)
|on May 03, 2012 at 13:54 UTC ( #968741=perlquestion: print w/ replies, xml )
|Need Help??
dbae has asked for the
wisdom of the Perl Monks concerning the following question:
Here is my code, in a file called ~/bin/t
Here are some hints from tcsh:
Here is the output:
What am I doing wrong? Thanks. David
Back to Seekers of Perl Wisdom


text:
Penguin Night Light£11.99 instead of £29.99 (from TIME 2) for a penguin night light star projector - add some magic to bedtime and save 60%
Save 60%
Promotion ends on
21 / 02 / 2014
- Get a super-soft penguin night light.
- Projects a comforting scene of stars onto the ceiling.
- In 3 soothing colours: amber, blue and green.
- Great companion for night time.
- Suitable for kids aged 3 or over.
The Fine Print
- May buy multiples.
- Voucher valid until 24th Feb 2014.
- Delivery costs an additional £3.95 per item.
- Please allow up to 10 working days for delivery after redeeming.
- Batteries not included.
- Subject to availability.
Full Details
What's black and white and can glow in the dark? No, it's not a badger that ate too many glow-sticks, it's today's super-cute deal!
Today we're offering you a penguin night light star projector for just £11.99, saving you 60% off TIME 2's price of £29.99 (correct as 16.1.14).
Perfect for those little (and big) kids who aren't too keen on the dark, this cuddly penguin night light is perfect for transforming dark and scary rooms into a magical starry night scene. The comforting pattern of stars should get your little one to sleep in no time - simply pop the adorable penguin onto a bedside table and project the soothing amber, blue and green stars onto a ceiling or wall. Voilà - a beautiful bedroom backdrop! Your penguin night light requires 3x AAA batteries (not included).
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- When the deal ends we'll send you your unique wowcher code.
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Once purchased, you can redeem this wowcher towards another wowcher or claim a Wowcher Wallet Credit. Click here for more info.
Japanese Garden Entry for 2 or 4£9 instead of £14 for entry for two adults to the Pure Land Japanese Garden, North Clifton, £13 for two adults and two children - save up to 36%
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2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin causes an increase in protein kinases growth hepatic associated with epidermal factor receptor in the plasma membrane
Version of Record online: 8 JUN 2006
DOI: 10.1002/jbt.2570030405
Copyright © 1988 Wiley-Liss, Inc., A Wiley Company
Journal of Biochemical Toxicology
Volume 3, Issue 4, pages 261–277, Winter 1988
Additional Information
How to Cite
Madhukar, B. V., Ebner, K., Matsumura, F., Bombick, D. W., Brewster, D. W. and Kawamoto, T. (1988), 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin causes an increase in protein kinases growth hepatic associated with epidermal factor receptor in the plasma membrane. J. Biochem. Toxicol., 3: 261–277. doi: 10.1002/jbt.2570030405
Publication History
- Issue online: 8 JUN 2006
- Version of Record online: 8 JUN 2006
- Manuscript Received: 2 APR 1988
Funded by
- Michigan Agriculture Experiment Station
- National Institute of Enviromental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Grant Number: ES03575
- Abstract
- References
- Cited By
- EGF receptor down-regulation;
- activation of protein tyrosine kinase
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), administered to male rats at a single intraperitoneal (IP) injection dose of 25 μg/kg causes down-regulation of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor in the plasma membrane of rat liver which starts after two days and continues throughout the experimental period (20 days). Using monoclonal antibody to EGF receptor, it was determined that TCDD-caused EFG receptor down-regulation in the rat liver was accompanied by increased protein kinase activity. Such an increase in the protein kinase activity involves, at least in part, an activation of protein tyrosine kinase. Examination of serum samples from control and treated rats revealed no detectable difference in the level of EGF itself or EGF receptor-reacting substances (eg, hormones and other growth factors). In vivo TCDD caused early eye opening and tooth eruption and poor body weight gain and hair growth in mouse neonates similar to those observed with exogenously administered EGE The results indicate that such EGF receptor–mediated effect of TCDD has some toxocilogical significance in vivo. Although TCDD causes significant reduction in [125I]-EGF binding in the hepatic plasma membrane in susceptible strains of mice, it has only modest effects in tolerant strains. The results are consistent with the idea that the action of TCDD on the EGF receptor is mediated through the cytosoliclnuclear TCDD receptor, which is known to be regulated by the Ah locus.


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The new EPUB 3 standard could promise a sea change, enabling publishers to integrate accessibility features into their ebook production workflows, creating ebooks that are immediately available to everyone, including customers with print disabilities.
"Ten years ago, it was 'How can the Library for the Blind produce more books?' Kerscher says. "Now, the thought is that all of the books published each year have the potential to be accessible right out of the box. That's just mind-boggling to a person who has had such restricted access to information."
Via Chuck Hitchcock