text:
New Smyrna Beach Municipal Airport
|New Smyrna Beach Municipal Airport
Jack Bolt Field
|IATA: none – ICAO: KEVB – FAA LID: EVB
|Airport type
|City of New Smyrna Beach
|New Smyrna Beach, Florida
|Elevation AMSL
|10 ft / 3 m
|29°03′20″N 080°56′56″W / 29.05556°N 80.94889°WCoordinates: 29°03′20″N 080°56′56″W / 29.05556°N 80.94889°W
|Statistics (2002)
New Smyrna Beach Municipal Airport (ICAO: KEVB, FAA LID: EVB), also known as Jack Bolt Field,[2] is a public airport located three miles (5 km) northwest of the central business district of New Smyrna Beach, a city in Volusia County, Florida, United States. It is owned by the City of New Smyrna Beach.[1] The fixed-base operator on field, Epic Aviation, offers flight training. Airgate Aviation, full service fixed based operator, with Hertz rental cars on site. Airgate Cafe is open daily, from 6:00 am until 2:00 pm. Airgate offers single point and overwing JetA fuel as well as 100LL Avgas. Although most U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, New Smyrna Beach Municipal is assigned EVB by the FAA but has no designation from the IATA.[3]
Prior to World War II, the present airport site was home to both a golf course and a grass airstrip. In 1942, the site was taken over by the U.S. Navy and the present paved runway complex constructed. Designated as Navy Outlying Field New Smyrna Beach, it operated as an auxiliary field to advanced naval flight training operations being conducted at nearby Naval Air Station Daytona Beach, NAS Sanford and NAS DeLand. In 1947, NOLF New Smyrna Beach was decommissioned and the facility conveyed back to the City of New Smryna Beach for use as a civilian airport.
As a Navy airfield, the facility originally incorporated four intersecting asphalt runways. Although all paved areas remain, only three of the runways remain operational today.[4] Prior to 2004, the airport was an uncontrolled facility. In October 2004, a Level I contract control at the airport became operational, changing the airport's status to that of a controlled field. Today the airport serves the needs of charter airlines and general aviation activities, to include flight training and corporate air travel.
In 2006, the City of New Smyrna Beach added the additional name to the airport of Jack Bolt Field in honor of the late Naval Aviator, LtCol John "Jack" Bolt, USMC (Ret). A former New Smyrna Beach resident, LtCol Bolt was both an aerial ace and a recipient of the Navy Cross.[5][6] While flying the F4U Corsair with VMF-214, LtCol Bolt shot down six Japanese Zero fighters during World War II. During the Korean War, while on an exchange assignment with the U.S. Air Force's 39th Fighter Interceptor Squadron flying the F-86 Sabrejet, LtCol Bolt also shot down six North Korean MiG-15 jet fighters. A military aircraft propeller and a plaque commemorating LtCol Bolt's accomplishments was erected at the airport in 2006.
Facilities and aircraft[edit]
New Smyrna Beach Municipal Airport covers an area of 769 acres (311 ha) which contains three asphalt paved runways:[1][2]
- Runway 2/20: 4,000 x 100 ft (1,219 x 30 m)
- Runway 7/25: 5,000 x 75 ft (1,524 x 23 m), Lighted without PAPI
- Runway 11/29: 4,319 x 100 ft (1,316 x 30 m), Lighted with PAPI
For the 12-month period ending May 7, 2002, the airport had 140,554 aircraft operations, an average of 385 per day: 99.6% general aviation, 0.3% air taxi and <0.1% military. There are 159 aircraft based at this airport: 86% single-engine, 13% multi-engine and 2% helicopter.[1]
Accidents and incidents[edit]
On August 1, 1980, a Douglas R4D, civilian registration number N45864, crashed at New Smyrna Beach, Florida shortly after take-off on a ferry flight to Queen Beatrix International Airport, Aruba. The unqualified pilot had been drinking.[7]
- ^ a b c d FAA Airport Master Record for EVB (Form 5010 PDF), effective 2007-10-25
- ^ a b c New Smyrna Beach Municipal Airport at city website
- ^ Great Circle Mapper: KEVB - New Smyrna Beach, Florida (New Smyrna Beach Municipal Airport)
- ^ http://www.cfaspp.com/FASP/AirportPDFs/newsmyrnabeachmuniapril2005.pdf
- ^ http://www.myhometownnews.net/index.php?id=3586
- ^ http://jackboltfield.com/
- ^ "N45864 Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved July 24, 2010.
External links[edit]
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to New Smyrna Beach Municipal Airport.
- New Smyrna Beach Municipal Airport PDF brochure from CFASPP
- Epic Aviation
- Epic Flight Academy
- AirGate Aviation
- Stella's Skyline Cafe
- FAA Airport Diagram (PDF), effective July 21, 2016
- FAA Terminal Procedures for EVB, effective July 21, 2016
- Resources for this airport:
- FAA airport information for EVB
- AirNav airport information for KEVB
- FlightAware airport information and live flight tracker
- NOAA/NWS latest weather observations
- SkyVector aeronautical chart, Terminal Procedures


text:
V.25 No.12 | 03/24/2016
via morguefile
Event Horizon
Plumbing the Depths
Saturday, Apr 2: Dahl's Best Seat in the House Art Contest
By Joshua Lee [ Thu Mar 31 2016 11:30 AM ]
Toilet seat art contest benefitting Albuquerque and Rio Rancho art students.
V.25 No.10 | 03/10/2016
Event Horizon
Off the Wagon, Into the Cocoa
Saturday, Mar 19: Southwest Chocolate and Coffee Fest
By Joshua Lee [ Thu Mar 17 2016 12:00 PM ]
Over 120 vendors showcasing, sampling and selling chocolates, candies, fresh roasted coffee, cakes, teas, beer, wine and much more.
V.24 No.47 | 11/19/2015
Event Horizon
House Hunters: Gingerbread Edition
Friday, Nov 27: 7th Annual Pueblo Gingerbread House Contest
By Cerridwen Stucky [ Wed Nov 25 2015 2:00 PM ]
Children and adults are invited to enter a gingerbread house inspired by a Pueblo village, house, community, church or historic building. Entries accepted Nov. 27-Dec. 7.
V.24 No.35 | 08/27/2015
Alibi Picks
Caliente Burger Battle
2015 Green Chile Cheeseburger Smackdown
By Ty Bannerman [ Tue Sep 8 2015 12:00 PM ]
V.24 No.13 | 03/26/2015
Sign of the times: Our weekly Instagram photo contest winner
By Amelia Olson [ Fri Mar 27 2015 2:26 PM ]
Each week we reward one passionate Alibi reader-slash-Instagrammer with $10 in Alibi Bucks. Alibi Bucks can help you get anything from tickets to Naked Food Fair to a sandwich at Cafe Lush and each week we have new deals to spend your bucks on.
This week we asked you to tag us in pictures of your favorite Albuquerque signs and you posted some pretty killer retro signs.
Our second runner up, gq.ninja posted this awesome old school KOB sign. The vintage simplicity is really a sign of the times and we love the bare tree branches in the distance. Thanks for posting!
This week's winner is lettersfromburque's gorgeous picture of the Helen's Bakery sign. We love the backdrop of our dreamy Albuquerque skies and the vibrant turquoise cross against the weathered white wooden sign. Thank you for posting! To collect your prize and Alibi Bucks email email@example.com.
Stay tuned for next week's guidelines and if you don't already, follow us on Instagram!
V.24 No.12 | 03/19/2015
Flower Power: Our weekly Instagram photo contest winner
By Samantha Anne Carrillo [ Sat Mar 21 2015 11:09 AM ]
Yesterday, spring sprang. Here in Fringecrest, nature is waking—unfurling leaves, buds and blooms along Ridgecrest Boulevard and throughout labyrinthine tributary neighborhoods. Dreaming of springtime last weekend, I selected Flower Power as the Alibi's weekly photo contest theme.
Nature proffers sensory gifts aplenty on this second day of spring. And kindred Alibi readers offered up some gorgeous photos of Albuquerque flora on Instagram (@weeklyalibi / #alibiflower). The spectrum of color on display in Burque is proving well worth the wait. Here at the Carrillo casa, winter jasmine and climbing roses exist in various stages of bloom—erupting cadmium yellow and carmine.
Scroll on and smell the metaphorical roses by scoping some of our favorite entries and this week's photo contest victor.
Our favorites:
The winner:
V.24 No.11 | 03/12/2015
Quintessential Albuquerque: Our weekly Instagram photo contest winner
By Samantha Anne Carrillo [ Sat Mar 14 2015 3:18 PM ]
Instagram is no longer the sovereign province of "the hipster." Your mom and grandma are probably there too, posting Rise-filtered snaps of their latest programming manual or regional cookbook. We dig Instagram because an inclusive ethos motivates our social media efforts. Put simply, we love seeing the world through your eyes.
So every week we reward one passionate Alibi reader-
Last week's theme was Quintessential Albuquerque (#alibiburque / @weeklalibi), and the winner is Instagram user @andreamichellelove29. Her ristra photo captures the earthy effulgence of two of New Mexico's core elements, red chile and sunshine. Please email email@example.com for deets on retrieving your prize package of $10 Alibi Bucks and an extra something or two (CDs, books and/or promotional schwag).
V.24 No.9 | 02/26/2015
This Week's Instagram Photo Contest Winner!
#alibigraf February 20-26, 2015
By Amelia Olson [ Fri Feb 27 2015 1:28 PM ]
It's a good time to be alive when you can pee and snap a photo of stall graffiti in hopes of winning some cool loot from your local alt. weekly!
We especially loved this post by @genevievemueller,
but this post by @durwoodkerbyburger sums up the human experience of using public stalls and therefore is this week's winner!
Congrats to @durwoodkerbyburger! Email firstname.lastname@example.com to retrieve your surprise and alibi bucks. And thanks to our pals on Instagram who posted. Stay tuned for next week's photo contest guidelines!
V.23 No.14 | 4/3/2014
Mark Lopez
The Mouthful
Chocolate Judgement
Playing Paula Abdul at the The Southwest Chocolate and Coffee Festival
By Mark Lopez
Mark Lopez gets to play Paula Abdul at the 4th annual Southwest Chocolate and Coffee Fest.
V.23 No.5 | 1/30/2014
We Want Your Bloody Valentine: Deadline Extended!
Alibi's 11th Annual Valentine's Day Card Contest is on
By Lisa Barrow [ Tue Jan 28 2014 4:51 PM ]
Love may be multidimensional, but let's get two-dimensional: Alibi's 11th Annual Valentine's Day Card Contest has gone all digital.
V.22 No.13 |
Ty Takes a Meal
Randomized edition
By Ty Bannerman [ Tue Apr 2 2013 11:35 AM ]
Congrats to commenter 27eh for identifying Christy Mae's Restaurant from the Tricarico family portrait (it turns out that Christy Mae hasn't been involved in the place for a couple of decades now).
After a month of some seriously top-notch guessing, the moment you've all been waiting for has arrived. I've retrieved the Randomizer 3000 from its secured underground vault, deactivated the incredibly dangerous biological booby traps that prevent it from being misused by unscrupulous randomizers, and entered the PhotoGuesser names into its sophisticated data bank.
Emptyv. LundyJ. Okeefine. 27eh. Who will walk away with the big prize? Close your eyes and picture a swirling array of blinking LED lights, hear the click and hum of a thousand powerful ASIC circuits tabulating the probabilities and reticulating the splines.
*Bing!* It's done. The lovely Geoffrey Plant, Circulation Manager and contributing writer, receives the results:
LUNDYJ! You have won two $10 Alibi Bucks certificates to Mirai Light and Healthy Japanese Cuisine, Sake and Beer!
Now, if you'll excuse me, I must deactivate the Randomizer 3000, which involves a team of four technicians, 25 pounds of dry ice and a six pack of beer.
V.22 No.12 |
Our weekly photo game
By Ty Bannerman [ Tue Mar 26 2013 2:03 PM ]
Congratulations to emptyv for identifying the wood stove in Cecilia's downtown dining room!
I get the feeling that this week's restaurant might be a little more challenging for you guys (the clientele seemed a bit more ... midwestern than I peg our readership [that's a hint]), but feel free to prove me wrong.
A quick rules run down: See the picture? It's from a restaurant that I've been to recently. Figure out where it is and post your answer in a comment below (not on Facebook, don't email them to my Alibi account, don't tap it out in code on the wall of your prison cell; put them in the comments section or you won't win). The first person to do so with the correct answer will be declared Dark Lord of the PhotoGuessers for the Week AND, at the end of the month, will be entered into a drawing for an Alibi Bucks prize along with the other Dark Lords of the PhotoGuessers.
Got it?
Now, one more thing. If you win, I'll be notifying you via Alibi.com's message feature, which some of you may not know about. Look at the upper-right hand corner of the screen. See that block of red text that tells you if you're logged in, etc.? If I send you a message, that block will also display a notification along the lines of "2 messages." Click on it, and it will take you to your inbox where a cheery "YOU ARE A WINNER" message may very well be waiting. Read it and then write back to me to acknowledge that you've received it. You can also get to your inbox through the "my alibi" drop down menu.
Okay, GUESS.
V.22 No.11 |
Our weekly photo game
By Ty Bannerman [ Tue Mar 19 2013 12:43 PM ]
Congratulations to Okeefine for correctly identifying O'Niell's Irish Pub in Nob Hill (and even spelling the name right) from some table-side metalwork. Now, send me a message Okeefine (email@example.com)
A quick reminder of what this contest is all about. See the picture I've posted there? It's of an Albuquerque restaurant. If you are the first one to name it correctly in a comment below, you will be declared Grand Moff PhotoGuesser of the week, and what's more, you'll be eligible for our prize drawing (free Alibi bucks to a local restaurant!) at the end of the month. Not too, shabby eh?
So, get to it! Figure out which restaurant I've been to recently!
One more thing: If you win, I'll be sending a short message to your Alibi.com mail account. Look in the upper right hand corner of the screen; if you're logged in and you've got a message, you'll be notified in that little block of text up there. It's important that you write me back after you've won so that I can notify you if you win the big prize at the end of the month.
V.22 No.10 |
The Alibi's weekly contest
By Ty Bannerman [ Tue Mar 12 2013 11:53 AM ]
Congratulations to Lundy J for correctly identifying the Model Pharmacy from a herd of ceiling-strung elephants. Now on to the next!
A quick rules run down: See the picture? It's from a restaurant that I've been to recently. Figure out which joint it is and post your answer in a comment below (not on Facebook, don't email them to my Alibi account, don't flash them via signal lamp from your luxury yacht; put them in the comments section or you won't win).
The first person to post the correct answer will be declared Baron PhotoGuesser of the Week AND, at the end of the month, will be entered into a drawing for an Alibi Bucks prize along with the other Baron PhotoGuessers.
Got it?
Now, one more thing. If you win, I'll be notifying you via Alibi.com's message feature, which some of you may not know about. Look at the upper-right hand corner of the screen. See that block of red text that tells you if you're logged in, etc.? If I send you a message, that block will also display a notification along the lines of "2 messages." Click on it, and it will take you to your inbox where a cheery "YOU ARE A WINNER" message may very well be waiting. Read it and then write back to me to acknowledge that you've received it. You can also get to your inbox through the "my alibi" drop down menu.
Okay, GUESS.
V.22 No.9 |
Prize day edition
By Ty Bannerman [ Tue Mar 5 2013 1:13 PM ]
Another month has passed, and the day of the TTM drawing is here!
But first, I must address a point of controversy. A scandal, even. There were three successful photo-guessers last month, but only two will be competing for the prize. Why? It turns out that last week's winner, GardenGnome, was actually ineligible to play and his name has been cast out of the Randomizer 4000.
With that ugliness out of the way, let us turn to the big event. Our two contestants are commenter Schmetlzy, who deduced Loyola's Family Restaurant from a roadrunner themed lamp, and commenter Evarockstar who correctly identified Limonata Italian Street Food Caffe from a group of crowded shelves.
As usual, the contestant's names were placed within the secure confines of the Randomizer 4000. Our guest drawer, music editor Samantha Anne Carrillo then activated the randomizing sequence (mixed up the names with her fingers) and then selected the lucky winner. Two impartial observers (myself and staff writer Mark Lopez) were unhand to make sure that everything was on the up and up.
The winner? Commenter Schmeltzy!
Congratulations, you've won two $10 Alibi Bucks for breakfast at Cafe Lush.
Check back tomorrow for another mysterious photograph and another chance to win.
Today's Events
Third Annual Jewish Film Festival at Jewish Community Center
The Midnight Orchestra, the story of the son of a once famous Jewish musician, Marcel Botbol. Directed by Jérôme Cohen Olivar.
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Dark Sermon • deathcore • Exalt • Lucia • industrial metal • Lithopaedion • Louder Than Sirens at LaunchpadMore Recommended Events ››
Kombat Kitty at Stoneface • 7.29.2016
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Quality Inn & Suites Atlantic City North
328 East White Horse Pike, Absecon, NJ 08205, United States of America – Show map
|Room Type
|King Suite - Non-Smoking
|King Room - Non-Smoking
|Queen Room with Two Queen Beds - Smoking
|King Room - Smoking
|Queen Room with Two Queen Beds - Non-Smoking
5 Reasons to Choose Quality Inn & Suites Atlantic City North
Low rates
17 properties in Absecon
Manage your bookings online
Booking is safe
Facilities of Quality Inn & Suites Atlantic City North
- Outdoor Pool (seasonal)
Pets are allowed on request. Charges may apply.
Free! WiFi is available in all areas and is free of charge.
Free! Wired internet is available in all areas and is free of charge.
Free! Free public parking is available on site (reservation is not needed).
- Vending Machine (drinks)
- Vending Machine (snacks)
- 24-Hour Front Desk
- Express Check-in/Check-out
- Fax/Photocopying
- Newspapers
- Non-smoking Rooms
- Facilities for Disabled Guests
- Heating
- Air Conditioning
From 3:00 PM
Until 12:00 PM
Cancellation and prepayment policies vary according to room type. Please enter the dates of your stay and check what conditions apply to your preferred room.
Children and Extra Beds
All children are welcome.
Up to two children under 17 years stay free of charge when using existing beds.
There is no capacity for extra beds in the room.
Pets are allowed on request. Charges may apply.
Cards accepted at this property
Hover over the cards for more info.
2 Appealing Options:
- Red Roof Inn & Suites Atlantic City has a location score of 7.1
- Best Western Garden State Inn has a review score of 7.5
Pets are allowed at a charge of USD 15.00 per night per pet. Pets may weigh no more than 50 lbs and only 2 pets are allowed per room.
Guests are required to show a photo ID and credit card upon check-in. Please note that all Special Requests are subject to availability and additional charges may apply.


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jun 26, 2001
|Filing date
|Jun 4, 1998
|Priority date
|Jun 4, 1998
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Joseph Porzucki, David W. Lloyd, William R. Procopio, Edward K. Hoffman
|Original Assignee
|Hughes Electronics Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (7), Referenced by (15), Classifications (9), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
(a) Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to intrasatellite communications. More particularly, it relates to a wireless method of intrasatellite communication that uses infrared transceivers to replace hardwired electrical connections.
(b) Description of Related Art
Conventional satellites are designed to collect, process, and transmit a multitude of digital and analog signals. Typically, hundreds of signals must be coordinated and distributed within the satellite. Conventional intrasatellite signal distribution systems are based on a hierarchical hardwired arrangement of data collection and transmission devices.
A conventional hierarchical satellite signal distribution system 10 is depicted in FIG. 1. Telemetry and command signals are collected from and distributed to a variety of transducers, sensors, and user units 11 that are located within various compartments or sections of the satellite. User units 11 are distinguished from individual (i.e. stand alone) sensors or transducers in that they comprise a more complex functional module within the satellite that typically requires and produces a plurality of telemetry and command signals. Telemetry signals may be bi-level (i.e. 1 bit digital), analog, conditioned analog, and digital words (multi-bit digital). Bi-level signals may, for example, represent the on/off operational status of a sub-system or functional module within the satellite. Analog signals may, for example, be a voltage value that represents the RF power level of a microwave signal in a communication channel, or may alternatively be the filament voltage of a traveling wave tube. Conditioned analog signals may, for example, be a voltage produced across a resistive temperature sensor in response to a precise current source. A multi-bit digital signal may, for example, represent the angular position of the satellite's antenna with respect to the earth.
Telemetry signals within a given compartment or section of the satellite are typically connected via wires to a remote command and telemetry unit (RCTU) 13. Each section or compartment of the satellite may contain one or more RCTUs 13. The RCTUs 13 aggregate and digitize various analog and digital telemetry signals received from the sensors, transducers, and user units 11, and forward them to a central command and telemetry unit (CCTU) 15 along a high speed data bus 14. The CCTU 15 further aggregates the telemetry data received from the RCTUs 13 and produces a multiplexed data stream to be modulated on an RF carrier and transmitted to earth. The CCTU 15 may also forward the multiplexed data stream to an on-board computer system for ground scheduled or other autonomous action by the satellite.
Thus, telemetry signals provide a way for monitoring current satellite conditions remotely from the earth and from on-board the satellite itself. Based on these telemetry signals, the satellite may take autonomous actions and issue command signals to its various user units. Alternatively, satellite actions may be remotely invoked from the earth. In either case, command signals are received by the CCTU, routed via the high-speed data bus to the appropriate RCTU, distributed via wires to the appropriate user unit, and finally processed by the appropriate user unit to execute the desired action. Commanded actions may, for example, include turning on a function, routing a signal to a new destination, or initiating an action in response to an external event.
A single satellite may contain hundreds of user units that each produces and receives a plurality of telemetry and command signals. As a result, in the conventional intrasatellite communications approach hundreds of signal interconnections made between the RCTUs, user units, and stand alone devices are hardwired.
Several disadvantages are inherent in the conventional hardwired approach described above. One disadvantage is that hardwired systems are susceptible to capacitively or inductively coupled electrical transients, and conducted electrical surges and noise. In particular, the increased use of lightweight materials such as Kapton, Teflon, and fused silica to accommodate launch vehicle constraints have increased susceptibility to electrostatic discharge (ESD) events. Satellite appendages such as solar arrays and large diameter antennas can produce ESD events in the kilo-amp range, which can easily damage or destroy sensitive electronics on-board the satellite. Careful design of the satellite's structure and the liberal use of shielding (e.g. Faraday cages) can reduce the potential for damage, but cannot substantially eliminate it.
Another disadvantage of the conventional hardwired approach to intrasatellite communication is that the low cost of wire is more than offset by the higher manufacturing and deployment costs that the mass of wires generates. Hardwiring significantly increases the labor costs associated with producing a satellite because hundreds of electrical/mechanical wire connections must be made by hand. Furthermore, these hand connections are likely to produce manufacturing defects that result in expensive troubleshooting and rework or that, more significantly, may produce a latent defect that manifests itself after the satellite has been placed into orbit. Additionally, factory testing and debugging of satellite sub-systems is made more difficult by hardwired connections because physical connections must be reliably and repeatedly made between each sub-system and various factory functional test systems. Finally, hardwired systems require a large mass of wires that can increase deployment costs because a more expensive launch vehicle may be required to carry the additional weight.
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention a multiplexer receives a plurality of satellite telemetry signals and produces a multiplexed signal stream. The multiplexed signal stream passes through an analog to digital signal convertor, and is received by an ASIC as a digital data stream that represents analog and digital information selected from the plurality of telemetry signals. The ASIC processes the digital data stream and couples it to an infrared transceiver. The infrared transceiver transmits (via an infrared emitter) the telemetry data stream along an optical path. A command data stream impinges on an infrared detector within the transceiver and produces a command data stream at the transceiver output. The ASIC receives and process the command data stream to activate a command signal output that initiates some satellite action.
The invention itself, together with further objects and attendant advantages, will best be understood by reference to the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 illustrates a conventional intrasatellite communication system;
FIG. 2 illustrates a wireless intrasatellite communication system that embodies aspects of the present invention;
FIG. 3 illustrates by way of example an embedded services module in accordance with the present invention; the embedded service module is part of the IR interface 24 shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 illustrate by way of example an infra-red transceiver in accordance with the present invention; the infra-red transceiver is also part of the IR interface 24 shown in FIG. 2.
The present invention replaces hardwired intrasatellite connections with low cost, lightweight infra-red (IR) based interface modules. Illustrated in FIG. 2 is an intrasatellite communication system 20 that embodies aspects of the present invention. The system 20 comprises a plurality of command and telemetry user units 22, a plurality of IR interfaces 24, a plurality of optical paths 26, a plurality of IR central interfaces 28, a plurality of remote command and telemetry units 30, a high-speed digital data bus 32, and a central command and telemetry unit 34.
The command and telemetry user units 22 produce various analog and digital telemetry signals and execute various command signals in conventional manners previously discussed. The user units 22 are each electronically coupled to corresponding IR interfaces 24.
Each IR interface 24, further comprises an embedded services module 40 (shown by example in FIG. 3) and an IR transceiver 60 (shown by example in FIG. 4). The embedded services module (ESM) 40 comprises a power supply 42, an ESM ASIC 44, a telemetry signal multiplexer 46, and an A/D signal convertor 48 all coupled together as shown. The power supply 42 conditions electrical power received from a satellite power bus 43 and provides various supply voltages for internal ESM use, and for use external to the ESM 40. Internal supply voltages may be used to power various circuit components within the ESM 40, and external voltages may be used to supply electrical power to various sensors, transducers, electro mechanical devices, etc. associated with a user unit. For example, the power supply may provide internal voltages of +5 VDC, +10 VDC, and +30 VDC, and an external voltage of +10.24 VDC. The telemetry multiplexer 46 couples a plurality of telemetry signals 45 to the A/D convertor 48 as a multiplexed telemetry signal stream. The ESM ASIC 44 controls the multiplexer 46 and the AID convertor 48 to selectively receive and process digital data representations of the various telemetry signals produced by its associated user unit. The ESM ASIC 44 routes this digital data (representing various telemetry signals) to the command/data lines 50 for subsequent transmission to the remote command and telemetry unit 30 via the IR interface 24, the optical path 26, and the IR central interface 28 (as shown in FIG. 2).
The ESM 40 may also receive command data via the command/data bus 50. The ESM ASIC 44 processes, decodes, and distributes command data to one or more of a plurality of output drivers 51. The ESM may provide, for example, a low-level pulse output 52, a bi-level output 54, a bi-level output strobe 56, a plurality of switch drivers 58, and/or other similar command signals that a user unit may be responsive to. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the ESM 40 may be easily adapted or modified, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, to provide additional or different output drivers to accommodate the particular interface requirements of a wide variety of possible user units and stand-alone devices found within a typical satellite.
Illustrated in FIG. 4 is an IR transceiver 60 that communicates with the ESM 40 (shown in FIG. 3) via the command/data bus 50. The IR transceiver 60 comprises a comparator and signal conditioning logic (CSCL) sub-section 62, a transmit amplifier 64, a receive amplifier 68, an IR emitter 66, and an IR detector 70. Digital telemetry data received by the CSCL sub-section 62 via the command/data bus 50 is routed to the transmit amplifier 64. The CSCL subsection 62 may include circuitry to improve signal fidelity prior to transmission to minimize erroneous data produced as a result of coupled noise and signal degradation. The transmit amplifier/driver 64 receives a varying voltage waveform representative of the telemetry data and produces a varying or pulsed current through the IR emitter 66 that is representative of the digital telemetry data. The IR emitter 66 thereby produces an IR telemetry wave 72 representative of the digital telemetry data.
Similarly, a command IR wave 74 impinging on the IR detector 70 induces corresponding currents within the detector 70 that are amplified by the receive amplifier 68. The receive amplifier 68 generates a varying or pulsed voltage waveform representative of the command IR wave 74, and couples it to the CSCL sub-section 62. The CSCL sub-section 62 routes the resulting command data to the ESM 40 (shown in FIG. 3) via the command/data bus 50.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that a variety of specific ESM modules may be created to provide an appropriate interface to a particular user unit. Because there are a variety of possible user units, ESMs may be optimized or customized to interface with various types, categories, or groups of user units.
Referring back to FIG. 2, command and telemetry IR waves are communicated from the user units 22, through associated IR interfaces 24, along optical paths 26 as discussed above. Each satellite section or compartment may contain one or more RCTUs 30 that receive and transmit the telemetry and command IR waves from one or more of the user unit/IR interface pairs through the IR central interfaces 28. The IR central interfaces 28 are complementary to the IR interfaces 24. Thus, each IR central interface includes an IR transceiver the same as that shown in FIG. 4, and a processing module that coordinates the collection and further aggregation of multiplexed telemetry data from a plurality of user unit/IR interface pairs.
Each user unit 22 may be assigned a unique address to further facilitate coordination of data collection within the IR central interfaces 28. Preferably, user unit/IR interface pairs each have a unique address are uniquely assigned to communicate with one RCTU. Although a given user unit/lR interface pair only communicates with one RCTU, an individual RCTU typically communicates with multiple user unit/IR interface pairs.
Overall coordination of the communications along the optical paths 26 and the high-speed data bus 32 preferably employs conventional software techniques. For example, the IR central interfaces 28 may use a polling sequence that repetitively and sequentially interrogates the user units assigned to it one address at a time. Alternatively, an interrupt driven protocol may be used so that a given change in status at a user unit results in a request to transmit data to the remote command and telemetry unit. Yet another approach ay use a combination of interrupts and polling such that selected critical telemetry data is continuously polled, and less critical data is communicated using an interrupt protocol. In any case, the coordination of communication along the optical data paths 26 and the high-speed data bus preferably use software methods that are well-known by those having ordinary skill in the art.
In operation, each RCTU 30 aggregates telemetry data received from a plurality of user units and transmits this data to the CCTU 34 via the high-speed data bus 32. The CCTU may modulate this fully aggregated telemetry data on an RF carrier for transmission to earth. The CCTU may also route the fully aggregated telemetry data to a processing unit on-board the satellite.
Conversely, the CCTU 34 routes command data (received from earth or from a processing unit on-board the satellite) along the high-speed data bus 32 to an appropriate RCTU 30. The RCTU then distributes the command data through its associated IR central interface 28, along an optical path 26, to a designated user unit 22. The user unit 22 then executes the command data, which results in an autonomous satellite action.
Those skilled in the art can immediately appreciate that the IR based intrasatellite communication system 20 could potentially replace hundreds of hardwired connections with relatively few IR interface pairs because each optical path carries multiplexed telemetry and command data.
Of course, it should be understood that a range of changes and modifications can be made to the preferred embodiment described above. It is therefore intended that the foregoing detailed description be regarded as illustrative rather than limiting and that it be understood that it is the following claims, including all equivalents, which are intended to define the scope of this invention.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
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|Apr 18, 1991
|Sep 28, 1993
|Rts Electronics, Inc.
|Handheld facsimile and alphanumeric message transceiver operating over telephone or wireless networks
|Jun 1, 1993
|Jan 17, 1995
|Fujitsu Limited
|Supervisory and control signal transmitting system for use in optically amplifying repeaters system
|Jan 6, 1993
|Jan 24, 1995
|Photonics Corporation
|Infrared communication repeater architecture
|Oct 27, 1995
|Oct 7, 1997
|Location Science Corporation
|Apparatus for monitoring cable television system remote equipment performance and status using a cell modem
|Jul 29, 1996
|Mar 31, 1998
|Compaq Computer Corporation
|Computer system incorporating an infrared link for reduced interference communication with a radio transceiver
|May 1, 1997
|Oct 5, 1999
|Simionescu; Dan
|Method and apparatus for a customizable low power RF telemetry system with high performance reduced data rate
|Aug 7, 1997
|May 2, 2000
|The Boeing Company
|Bi-directional infrared communications system
|Citing Patent
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|Jul 13, 1999
|Sep 14, 2004
|The Boeing Company
|Spacecraft data acquisition and distribution interface
|May 22, 2003
|Mar 7, 2006
|Disney Enterprises, Inc.
|System and method of optical data communication with multiple simultaneous emitters and receivers
|Nov 26, 2002
|Jan 2, 2007
|Backbone interface, a terminal interface for communications in a space vehicle, and a communications network comprising such interfaces
|Nov 26, 2002
|Apr 3, 2007
|System for transmitting digital signals in a space vehicle
|Jan 11, 2011
|The Boeing Company
|Wireless operational and testing communications network for diverse platform types
|Mar 18, 2005
|Mar 6, 2012
|Raytheon Company
|Data handling in a distributed communication network
|Nov 26, 2002
|Jun 19, 2003
|System for transmitting digital signals in a space vehicle
|Nov 26, 2002
|Jul 3, 2003
|Backbone interface, a terminal interface for communications in a space vehicle, and a communications network comprising such interfaces
|May 22, 2003
|Nov 25, 2004
|Disney Enterprises, Inc
|System and method of optical data communication with multiple simultaneous emitters and receivers
|Mar 18, 2005
|Sep 21, 2006
|Barnhart Randy C
|Data handling in a distributed communication network
|Jan 11, 2006
|Mar 1, 2007
|The Boeing Company
|Wireless operational and testing communications network for diverse platform types
|Aug 23, 2005
|Mar 1, 2007
|The Boeing Company
|Wireless spacecraft operational and testing communications network
|Dec 16, 2005
|Jun 21, 2007
|Honeywell International Inc.
|System and method for receiving and processing telemetry
|Mar 16, 2012
|Aug 1, 2012
|Integrated detection equipment for pico-satellite
|Mar 16, 2012
|Apr 16, 2014
|Integrated detection equipment for pico-satellite
|U.S. Classification
|398/121, 370/277, 398/9, 370/316, 340/10.3, 398/126
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Aug 3, 1998
Owner name: HUGHES ELECTRONICS CORPORATION, CALIFORNIA
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Owner name: HUGHES ELECTRONICS CORPORATION, CALIFORNIA
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"Who cares what others think?" redux
A couple of days ago I commented on the whole podcastalley hullaballo and the role that popularity plays in the actions of blogger/podcasters. You can go back to here if you missed it all, or just wanted to review. My point was really that pursuing popularity (or more specifically, superficial measures of popularity) was kind of silly. You can get upset that you aren't at the top of somebody's list, but it's not going to make you more likely to do things that are of value, but rather only what you need to do to be popular.
But no less a network personage than Wil Wheaton gives me some pause in that overall assessment: he makes me think that perhaps more goes into it than I had presented in my simplified, two toned world.
You see, Wil is saddled with the legacy of having played Wesley Crusher on Star Trek: The Next Generation. As a young actor, he was given some of the most hackneyed, stilted, warped and generally contrived lines ever to grace a science fiction show (and that's saying something). The idea of having a boy genius on the Enterprise could have been good, with brilliant writing, but without brilliant writing it was a completely hopeless task. There were brief flashes where things worked out, but overall it came off as kind of silly.
That's not to say that I'm not a fan of Wesley Crusher. There are many characters on STTNG who I found much more consistently annoying, and virtually every character on the many successors to STTNG were more annoying. I think that Wesley gets a bum wrap.
But now I've shown my geek colors, what did this have to do with the original intro? I'm getting back to it.
Wil is faced with one of those TV Guide polls where people choose "their most annoying Star Trek character", and is dismayed by the fact that he (or his character, rather) was leading in the early polls. His comment:
Normally, I'd stuff this ballot box entirely on my own, but if some of you WWdN readers want to legitimately and honestly vote for another character, like The Computer Voice for instance. I mean, come on! How many times did the stupid Ship's Computer actually save the crew? Yeah! That's what I thought. She's got nothing on Wesley Crusher. I would be ever so grateful.
His comments seemed eerily familiar, but for some reason I found myself feeling more empathy for Wil than I did for my fellow podcasters who may have been suffering in similarly unscientific polls. And I wondered why I reacted differently to Wil than to others.
Perhaps it is because Wil has written so eloquently about the pain of being perceived as an unpopular character on a very popular television show. He spelled it out so that while we haven't experienced it, we do all relate to it, at least in some way. We all want to be perceived as being good at what we do. We crave that validation, even years after we've made our own internal peace with ourselves. We still want to be picked first. We want to work with the cool people at the cool job and do the cool thing that everyone talks about.
So perhaps I am being too harsh. If I can empathize with Wil, perhaps I should be able to empathize with others. We don't need praise because it will bring us fame or money. It's much more personal than that. And I shouldn't have pretended like that wasn't a valid concern.
Addendum: Most annoying character: Lwuxana Troi, definitely. But I bet you Majel had a blast playing her.
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Franklin opens discussion about grading practices
First of three public information meetings on tap
Franklin - A special committee has been studying grading practices in the Franklin School District since last summer. Now elementary school parents are invited to attend the first of three informational programs on the issue.
"Many districts have embarked on this journey, reviewing grading practices," said Jamie Foeckler, principal of Pleasant View Elementary School, who is leading the district's Grading For Learning committee. The 40-member committee includes teachers, administrators, parents and School Board member Melissa Klein.
The first informational program is scheduled for Jan. 17 at Pleasant View. Additional programs are set for Forest Park Middle School on March 14 and Franklin High School on April 18.
Foeckler said he began studying grading practices several years ago, when he was an assistant principal at Forest Park.
"At the core of this is standards-based teaching and learning," Foeckler said. "When you give a kid a test in the traditional model, you give a final test score. We're looking at breaking it down further for more specific feedback, so kids can see 'where I need to improve.' "
The principal has discussed the issue with administrators in the Elmbrook and Muskego-Norway districts, who have already been working on grading issues. The Franklin district also has initiated contact with districts outside Wisconsin that have implemented changes in their grading practices and has brought in educational consultant Rick Wormeli to discuss grading practices and how revised grading practices work in classrooms.
According to Foeckler, "Parents on the committee are very enthusiastic" about changing grading practices, and so are teachers.
"It's been very positive," Foeckler said of teachers' responses. "Anytime you talk about getting more specific feedback, teachers are enthusiastic."
So far, the district has worked to establish consistent practices on several other student performance issues, including homework, extra credit work and whether students can re-do work. Foeckler said the Grading For Learning committee has not yet set a target date for submitting recommendations to the School Board, but has a goal of instituting new report cards and grading practices in the 2014-15 school year.
"Report cards would change, the grading scale would change, and the assessments," he said. Revamped report cards would be more comprehensive, Foeckler added, but "not overwhelming, to the point where it would be pages and pages."
Ultimately, the district hopes to develop grading practices that better reflect students' learning and grade reporting that offers clearer indicators of students' progress.
Next Step
WHAT: public information meeting on grading practices
WHEN: 6 to 7:30 p.m. Jan. 17
WHERE: Pleasant View Elementary School, 4601 W. Marquette Ave.
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- Websites to get new look, realignment
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- Moth Night at Wehr Nature Center July 29&30
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- Traffic blocked for gas leak near Old Loomis Rd and Rawson Ave
- News & Notes: July 21, 2016 issue
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- Pokemon Go can go anywhere, but you shouldn't, police say


text:
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text:
Nonexudative ARMD
- Author: Raj K Maturi, MD; Chief Editor: Hampton Roy, Sr, MD more...
Practice Essentials
Nonexudative (dry) age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) (see the image below) comprises more than 90% of patients diagnosed with ARMD. ARMD is the most common cause of irreversible vision loss in the developed world; this condition is associated with the presence of drusen, without visual loss early in the disease, and often progresses to retinal atrophy and central retinal degeneration with associated loss of central vision. Generally, nonexudative ARMD has a much slower (over decades), progressive visual loss relative to exudative (wet) ARMD (over months).
Signs and symptoms
Signs and symptoms of ARMD include the following:
- Difficulty with night vision and with changing light conditions (specifically, changes in Amsler grid self-evaluation and trouble with reading)
- Visual fluctuation (ie, some days vision is poor; other days, vision appears improved)
- Difficulty with reading and making out faces
- Metamorphopsia (distortion of visual images): Not a major patient complaint, but it may be present as the atrophy slowly progresses
See Clinical Presentation for more detail.
Funduscopic examination in patients with suspected ARMD includes the following findings:
- AMRD: Significant for the presence of drusen, usually confluent with significant pigment changes and pigment accumulation in the posterior pole; retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) often appears atrophic, with easier visualization of the underlying choroid plexus
- Advanced stages of nonexudative ARMD: Coalescence of focal islands of atrophy and formation of large zones of atrophy with severely affected vision
- Choroidal neovascularization: RPE elevation, exudate, or subretinal fluid
- Fluorescein angiography: Has value in patients with AMRD who note a recent onset or worsening of vision associated with metamorphopsia
- Amsler grid evaluation: Cornerstone of evaluation of nonexudative AMRD
- Slit-lamp biomicroscopy
- Biopsy and histologic examination
Imaging studies
- Fundus photography: Best modality to follow nonexudative ARMD
- Optical coherence tomography (optional; may be used to follow disease progression): To examine retinal thickness
- Multifocal electroretinography (optional; may be used to follow disease progression): To evaluate functional response of retinal rods and cones
See Workup for more detail.
Prevention is the best treatment for nonexudative ARMD, because no satisfactory method exists to treat this condition. Accumulated evidence suggests that ARMD is a genetic disease.
Management of nonexudative ARMD may include the following[1] :
- Intravitreal injection with ranibizumab, bevacizumab, or pegaptanib sodium
- Photodynamic therapy with verteporfin
- Thermal laser photocoagulation surgery
- Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements (vitamin A, vitamin E, zinc, and lutein)[2, 3, 4, 1]
- Screening for impaired visual acuity
- Wraparound shades (eg, orange-tinted, blue blocker lenses): Effective solution for delayed dark adaptation and to protect eyes from direct sunlight
- Avoidance/cessation of tobacco use
- Frequent follow-up for risk assessment of conversion to exudative ARMD
See Treatment and Medication for more detail.
Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is the most common cause of irreversible vision loss in the developed world. ARMD is associated with the presence of drusen, without visual loss early in the disease, and often progresses to retinal atrophy and central retinal degeneration with associated loss of central vision. The intermediate form is associated with loss of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and the overlying retinal layers (atrophy), with loss of contrast sensitivity, loss of reading speed, and difficulty with adaptation to changing light conditions. The advanced, nonexudative form of ARMD is characterized by the presence of atrophy that can be associated with severe central visual-field loss. In all forms of dry ARMD, peripheral visual acuity is preserved. Exudative ARMD is associated with the development of choroidal neovascular membranes that result in the development of exudate, subretinal fluid, and hemorrhage.
Greater than 90% of patients diagnosed with ARMD have nonexudative (dry) ARMD; nonexudative ARMD is generally associated with much slower (over decades), progressive visual loss compared with exudative (wet) ARMD, which is generally associated with more rapid (over months) visual loss. However, patients with the more advanced cases of dry ARMD can have as profound a visual loss as those with exudative ARMD.
ARMD describes a collection of inherited diseases (multifactorial) that share common features, including age predilection, positive family history, presence of yellow-gray material in the Bruch membrane (ie, drusen), RPE changes (eg, atrophy, clumping, RPE detachments) in the posterior pole or periphery, and visual disturbances (eg, abnormal reading, stereo and/or color vision disturbances, dark/light adaptation disturbances).
RPE degeneration is accompanied by variable loss of both the overlying photoreceptors and the underlying choroidal perfusion. When the appropriate age and clinical findings are accompanied by the loss of visual acuity, visual field, or other visual functions, the condition is often classified as ARMD. At times, the step prior to the onset of visual loss has been classified as ARMD if the patient has characteristic drusen and relevant family history.
ARMD usually manifests after age 50 years. The disease is often bilateral, and patients report a significant history of disease in family members who have lived to later years of their life. Many patients develop a more rapid form of visual loss secondary to the development of neovascularization from the choroid that develops either below or above the RPE; this form of ARMD is referred to as wet, while the more prevalent form is known as dry. When the dry form of ARMD progresses with larger areas of RPE atrophy, the condition is referred to as geographic atrophy (GA). GA usually is bilateral but not necessarily symmetrical. It can develop neovascularization and result in a more rapid loss of vision.
Antioxidant multivitamin therapy (consisting of vitamin A at 25,000 IU, vitamin C at 500 mg, zinc at 80 mg, copper at 2 mg, and vitamin E at 400 mg) has been shown in a large clinical trail, the Age-Related Eye Diseases Study (AREDS), to be helpful in decreasing the risk of visual loss with nonexudative ARMD. Most of the decrease in visual loss appeared to be due to a reduced risk of conversion to wet ARMD. The AREDS notably did not show any benefit with the use of these vitamins in very early ARMD or in those subjects without ARMD at baseline.
The Women's Antioxidant and Folic Acid Cardiovascular Study looked at a cohort of women without any evidence of ARMD. The randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial included 5442 female healthcare professionals and noted that a combination of folic acid (2.5 mg/d), pyridoxine hydrochloride (50 mg/d), and cyanocobalamin (1 mg/d) reduced the relative risk of developing visually significant ARMD by approximately 40%. The study also demonstrated a reduced risk of developing nonvisually significant ARMD by a similar amount.[5]
A phase I study demonstrated visual benefit and decreased progression of ARMD in subjects with advanced dry ARMD who were provided with an intravitreal implant that secreted ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF).
Additional therapies that have been tried include rheopheresis (apheresis) and laser to drusen. While these therapies demonstrated a small benefit over the short term (1-3 y), they did not prove to have any significant benefit after that time. In fact, the Complications of Age-related Macular Degeneration Prevention Trial (CAPT) has demonstrated that laser to drusen is ultimately not beneficial and may potentially be harmful.
Clinical pathophysiology
The clinical definition of early age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) varies with the source consulted. A clinically useful guideline is when drusen in the posterior pole are greater than 5 in number and at least 63 µm in size. With time, drusen enlarge and result in shallow elevation of the RPE that overlies the Bruch membrane. These deposits may merge over time, and they can be associated with pigmentation change visible on ophthalmoscopy.
Evaluation of the AREDS results provided a clinically useful method of determining risk of advanced ARMD by the use of simple criteria: (1) presence of large drusen (greater than 125 µm in size) and (2) the presence of pigment abnormalities. Thus, one eye having both large drusen and pigment abnormalities has a score of 2 (1 for each criterion), and if both eyes have each risk factor, the score is 4. Using this simplified criteria, the AREDS found that over 5 years, eyes with a risk factor score of 0 had only a 0.4% move to advanced ARMD, while those with 1 risk factor had a 3.1% move to advanced ARMD. However, when eyes had 2, 3, or 4 risk factors, the rate of advanced ARMD conversion (either large geographic atrophy or neovascularization) increased to 12%, 26%, and 47% respectively.[6]
Because the above matrix is a simple and powerful tool to determine the persons who will develop advanced ARMD, it is useful to recollect the criteria when performing a clinical examination. For example, the presence of a large druse (125 µm in size) would be most easily remembered by looking for drusen whose shortest diameter is approximately 125 µm (or as large as the diameter of a retinal vein at the optic disc margin). Only drusen within 2 disc diameters of the center were used during the analysis. Pigment abnormalities included any areas of hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation, as well as noncentral areas of geographic atrophy.
Visual acuity loss or visual-field loss occurs when the RPE atrophies and results in secondary loss of the overlying photoreceptor cells that it supplies. The variety of fundus changes described above defines dry ARMD. When the damaged RPE results in the development of choroidal neovascularization with late leakage on fluoresce in angiography and a decrease in vision and metamorphopsia, exudative (wet) ARMD is said to occur.
Molecular pathophysiology
Dry ARMD is an inherited autosomal dominant disease that appears to be affected by nutrition and environmental factors. Nonexudative ARMD is characterized by the degeneration of the retina and the choroid in the posterior pole due to either atrophy or RPE detachment. The atrophy is generally preceded (or coincident in some cases) by the presence of yellow extracellular deposits adjacent to the basal surface of the RPE called drusen.
Drusen are composed of vitronectin (a multifunctional plasma and extracellular matrix protein), lipids, immune and inflammatory related proteins, amyloid associated proteins, as well as other poorly characterized substances. While drusen were thought to be the result of accumulated waste material from subretinal tissues, data now suggest that the accumulation is due to the presence of inflammation in the subretinal space. This extracellular material in the Bruch membrane is composed of various substances, including vitronectin and proteinaceous material.
The complement system is an alternative system (ie, independent of antibodies) of defense against infection. Complement factor H (CFH) is a robust anti-inflammatory agent, in that it protects host cells from complement-mediated damage by binding to the activated complement component C3b.
In 2005, four separate groups reported that a common variation in the CFH (complement factor H) gene increased susceptibility to dry ARMD.
In 2006, two other genes were identified that increased the risk similarly. The CFH polymorphism that was most significantly associated with ARMD is a T→C substitution that results in a tyrosine-to-histidine substitution of the CFH protein. Thus, it appears that in affected individuals, RPE cells may undergo damage via the complement system because of their inability to inhibit the complement cascade as effectively. Additional indirect evidence in support of this chain of events is noted by a publication that indicates that choroidal levels of C-reactive protein are elevated in homozygote CFH polymorphic individuals.[7]
Some studies have dileneated a molecular pathway leading to geographic atrophy and visual loss. This pathway indicates that RPE death leads to secondary photoreceptor loss and consequent visual loss over time. Ambati et al found that RPE cells in patients with dry ARMD have low levels of a RNA-cleaving enzyme, DICER1. Low levels of this enzyme lead to decreased breakdown of RNA-Alu molecules. Overabundance of cytoplasmic RNA-Alu molecules (non-coding sequences of RNA) activates inflammatory proteins (NLRP3 inflammosome), which activates a cascade of molecular responses that lead to RPE cell death.[8, 9]
United States
Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the United States for people older than 50 years. The actual frequency of the disease depends on specific racial group studies. ARMD is more prevalent in whites and likely has a more severe course in patients who have light-colored eyes. A liberal definition of ARMD that includes all patients with significant drusen in the posterior pole, with or without visual loss, estimates the prevalence at greater than 20% of the population older than 60 years. A more rigorous, population-based survey with a definition that requires the presence of either late atrophy and/or choroidal neovascularization results in an incidence of 0% at age 50 years or younger, 2% at 70 years, and 6% at 80 years. In African Americans, dry ARMD is noted to be approximately half the incidence rate stated above.
The incidence of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) in Japanese and other Asian populations is lower than the white population in the United States, but reports suggest that the incidence is increasing. The Inuit people in Greenland have a significantly higher incidence, as well as a distinctive phenotype. Most black Africans and other people with darker-pigmented skin in general have a lower incidence of symptomatic macular degeneration. Similarly, it is evident that the lesions resulting from ARMD in Asian populations are different from those in white populations. This is in agreement with the most accepted theory regarding ARMD: that it is a multigenic inherited condition. The background and the specific gene affected would affect the phenotype.
Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) results in significant visual morbidity. The presence of neovascularization results in a blurry central visual field. Even in dry ARMD, with relatively good vision, patients often report trouble adjusting to varying light conditions. Often, these patients note difficulty when initially placed in a dark environment from a relatively lighted one (eg, entering a restaurant from bright sunlight).
ARMD patients, especially those with the exudative variant, have a higher incidence of cerebrovascular accidents and cardiac disease.
Geographic atrophy may also be associated with cognitive impairment, as assessed by mini-mental status exams and other similar tests. One case control study demonstrated a 3x increased odds for mild cognitive impairment in geographic atrophy subjects when compared to normal controls even when controlled for age, visual acuity and education level.[33] Additionally, 3000 subjects in the AREDS trial were subject to a battery of cognitive tests. Among subjects with ARMD, those with poorer vision had worse cognition.[10] Participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study underwent cognitive testing as well as mini-mental state testing and those with poorer cognition were at a slightly higher risk of having dry ARMD.[11] Given the higher rate of impaired cognitive function in patients with dry ARMD, it is important for the clinician to consider cognitive function when assessing low vision options and treatments.
The incidence of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is higher in whites compared with African Americans. Some studies report a rate of approximately half in African West Indians in Barbados compared with whites in Baltimore, Maryland. The incidence in Asians is between the above 2 rates, although it appears that the incidence is increasing in this population.
No known difference exists between males and females in the incidence of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD).
As implied by its name, the incidence of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is related to the age of the patient. The incidence increases with each decade of life, with a significant rise in patients aged 70 years or older.
American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) Retina/Vitreous Panel. Age-related macular degeneration. AAO; San Francisco, Calif; 2008. Available at http://guideline.gov/content.aspx?id=14275. Accessed: December 3, 2013.
Blodi BA. Nutritional supplements in the prevention of age-related macular degeneration. Insight. 2004 Jan-Mar. 29(1):15-6; quiz 17-8. [Medline].
Dashti N, McGwin G, Owsley C, Curcio CA. Plasma apolipoproteins and risk for age related maculopathy. Br J Ophthalmol. 2006 Aug. 90(8):1028-33. [Medline].
Evans JR, Lawrenson JG. Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for preventing age-related macular degeneration. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Jun 13. 6:CD000253. [Medline].
Christen WG, Glynn RJ, Chew EY, Albert CM, Manson JE. Folic acaid, pyridoxine, and cyanocobalamin combination treatment and age-related macular degeneration in women: the Women's Antioxidant and Folic Acid Cardiovasacular Study. Arch intern Med. Feb 2009. 169(4):335-41.
[Guideline] Ferris FL, Davis MD, Clemons TE, et al. A simplified severity scale for age-related macular degeneration: AREDS Report No. 18. Arch Ophthalmol. 2005 Nov. 123(11):1570-4. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Johnson PT, Betts KE, Radeke MJ, Hageman GS, Anderson DH, Johnson LV. Individuals homozygous for the age-related macular degeneration risk-conferring variant of complement factor H have elevated levels of CRP in the choroid. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Nov 14. 103(46):17456-61. [Medline].
Tarallo V, Hirano Y, Gelfand BD, Dridi S, Kerur N, Kim Y, et al. DICER1 loss and Alu RNA induce age-related macular degeneration via the NLRP3 inflammasome and MyD88. Cell. 2012 May 11. 149(4):847-59. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Kaneko H, Dridi S, Tarallo V, Gelfand BD, Fowler BJ, Cho WG, et al. DICER1 deficit induces Alu RNA toxicity in age-related macular degeneration. Nature. 2011 Mar 17. 471(7338):325-30. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Clemons TE, Rankin MW, McBee WL. Cognitive impairment in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study: AREDS report no. 16. Arch Ophthalmol. 2006 Apr. 124(4):537-43. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Baker ML, Wang JJ, Rogers S, Klein R, Kuller LH, Larsen EK, et al. Early age-related macular degeneration, cognitive function, and dementia: the Cardiovascular Health Study. Arch Ophthalmol. 2009 May. 127(5):667-73. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Maller J, George S, Purcell S, et al. Common variation in three genes, including a noncoding variant in CFH, strongly influences risk of age-related macular degeneration. Nat Genet. 2006 Sep. 38(9):1055-9. [Medline].
SanGiovanni JP, Chew EY, Clemons TE, et al. The relationship of dietary lipid intake and age-related macular degeneration in a case-control study: AREDS Report No. 20. Arch Ophthalmol. 2007 May. 125(5):671-9. [Medline].
Christen WG, Schaumberg DA, Glynn RJ, Buring JE. Dietary {omega}-3 Fatty Acid and Fish Intake and Incident Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Women. Arch Ophthalmol. 2011 Jul. 129(7):921-9. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Seddon JM, George S, Rosner B. Cigarette smoking, fish consumption, omega-3 fatty acid intake, and associations with age-related macular degeneration: the US Twin Study of Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol. 2006 Jul. 124(7):995-1001. [Medline].
Hawkins BS, Bird A, Klein R, West SK. Epidemiology of age-related macular degeneration. Mol Vis. 1999 Nov 3. 5:26. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Millen AE, Voland R, Sondel SA, Parekh N, Horst RL, Wallace RB, et al. Vitamin D Status and Early Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Postmenopausal Women. Arch Ophthalmol. 2011 Apr. 129(4):481-489. [Medline]. [Full Text].
McCarty CA, Dowrick A, Cameron J, et al. Novel Measure of Cardiovascular Health and its Association with Prevalence and Progression of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: The CHARM Study. BMC Ophthalmology. 2008.
Klein R, Knudtson MD, Klein BE. Statin use and the five-year incidence and progression of age-related macular degeneration. Am J Ophthalmol. 2007 Jul. 144(1):1-6. [Medline].
Eter N, Krohne TU, Holz FG. New pharmacologic approaches to therapy for age-related macular degeneration. BioDrugs. 2006. 20(3):167-79. [Medline].
Bartlett H, Eperjesi F. Age-related macular degeneration and nutritional supplementation: a review of randomised controlled trials. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2003 Sep. 23(5):383-99. [Medline].
Jackson ML. Vision Rehabilitation Services. Medscape Ophthalmology. 2008. [Full Text].
Bird AC, Bressler NM, Bressler SB, et al. An international classification and grading system for age-related maculopathy and age-related macular degeneration. The International ARM Epidemiological Study Group. Surv Ophthalmol. 1995 Mar-Apr. 39(5):367-74. [Medline].
Christen WG, Glynn RJ, Chew EY, Albert CM, Manson JE. Folic acid, pyridoxine, and cyanocobalamin combination treatment and age-related macular degeneration in women: the Women''s Antioxidant and Folic Acid Cardiovascular Study. Arch Intern Med. 2009 Feb 23. 169(4):335-41. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Christen WG, Glynn RJ, Chew EY, Albert CM, Manson JE. Folic acid, pyridoxine, and cyanocobalamin combination treatment and age-related macular degeneration in women: the Women''s Antioxidant and Folic Acid Cardiovascular Study. Arch Intern Med. 2009 Feb 23. 169(4):335-41. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Christen WG, Glynn RJ, Chew EY, Albert CM, Manson JE. Folic acid, pyridoxine, and cyanocobalamin combination treatment and age-related macular degeneration in women: the Women''s Antioxidant and Folic Acid Cardiovascular Study. Arch Intern Med. 2009 Feb 23. 169(4):335-41. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Christen WG, Glynn RJ, Chew EY, Albert CM, Manson JE. Folic acid, pyridoxine, and cyanocobalamin combination treatment and age-related macular degeneration in women: the Women''s Antioxidant and Folic Acid Cardiovascular Study. Arch Intern Med. 2009 Feb 23. 169(4):335-41. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Coleman H, Chew E. Nutritional supplementation in age-related macular degeneration. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2007 May. 18(3):220-3. [Medline].
Comer GM, Ciulla TA, Criswell MH, Tolentino M. Current and future treatment options for nonexudative and exudative age-related macular degeneration. Drugs Aging. 2004. 21(15):967-92. [Medline].
Evans JR. Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006. (2):CD000254. [Medline].
Garibaldi DC, Zhang K. Molecular genetics of macular degeneration. Int Ophthalmol Clin. 1999. 39(4):117-42. [Medline].
Helwick C. MAHALO finds new biomarker for dry macular degeneration. Medscape Medical News. November 21, 2013. Available at http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/81482. Accessed: December 2, 2013.
Luibl V, Isas JM, Kayed R, Glabe CG, Langen R, Chen J. Drusen deposits associated with aging and age-related macular degeneration contain nonfibrillar amyloid oligomers. J Clin Invest. 2006 Feb. 116(2):378-85. [Medline].
Lutty G, Grunwald J, Majji AB, Uyama M, Yoneya S. Changes in choriocapillaris and retinal pigment epithelium in age-related macular degeneration. Mol Vis. 1999 Nov 3. 5:35. [Medline]. [Full Text].
McBee WL, Lindblad AS, Ferris FL 3rd. Who should receive oral supplement treatment for age-related macular degeneration?. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2003 Jun. 14(3):159-62. [Medline].
Mitchell P, Smith W, Attebo K, Wang JJ. Prevalence of age-related maculopathy in Australia. The Blue Mountains Eye Study. Ophthalmology. 1995 Oct. 102(10):1450-60. [Medline].
Regillo CD. Lampalizumab (anti-factor D) in patients with geographic atrophy: the MAHALO phase II results. Presented at: The American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) 2013 Annual Meeting; November 16, 2013; New Orleans, La.
Schmidt-Erfurth U. Nutrition and retina. Dev Ophthalmol. 2005. 38:120-47. [Medline].
Sunness JS. The natural history of geographic atrophy, the advanced atrophic form of age-related macular degeneration. Mol Vis. 1999 Nov 3. 5:25. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Winkler BS, Boulton ME, Gottsch JD, Sternberg P. Oxidative damage and age-related macular degeneration. Mol Vis. 1999 Nov 3. 5:32. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Woo SJ, Park KH, Ahn J, Choe JY, Jeong H, Han JW, et al. Cognitive Impairment in Age-related Macular Degeneration and Geographic Atrophy. Ophthalmology. 2012 Jun 15. [Medline].


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Recent articles
DCO Orthodontic Specialists opens in Worcester
WORCESTER >> Dr. Daniel Cassarella launches DCO Orthodontic Specialists in Center Point Shopping Center this week with nearly a decade of orthodontic practice and Harvard School of Dental Medicine credentials to his credit.
Selma Mansion preservationists host flea market Saturday in Norristown
NORRISTOWN>>Hopefully one of the famous Selma mansion ghosts is a yard sale fan and can help arrange for a rain-free Saturday when caretakers of the grand old historic building host a flea market, from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m.
Remodeled Burger King coming to West Norriton this fall
WEST NORRITON >>The King is dead, long live the King.
Collegeville 'Pool Party' cools things off with classic rock fundraiser
COLLEGEVILLE >> The heat outside made conditions unbreathable, but inside DaVinci's Pub in Collegeville Sunday, Maureen "Reenie" Stanko and dozens of her musician pals breathed new life into immortal rock classics from the Eagles' "Take it Easy" to Fleetwood Mac's "Dreams."
DaVinci's Pub, Collegeville, to host 2nd Variety Club Pool Party fundraiser
COLLEGEVILLE>>When the stars align, the music flows and the good spirits follow, in more ways than one.
Bells toll at Valley Forge for Bastille Day victims
UPPER MERION >> Bells have played an important role in all kinds of events, both joyous and solemn, at Valley Forge National Historical Park.
Whitpain's TASA Group business connects experts with lawyers
WHITPAIN>>From automotive to construction to biomechanics, there are experts for everything, and The TASA Group has been rounding up these masterminds for 60 years now.
Einstein Medical Center Montgomery in East Norriton unveils "Who I Am" program
EAST NORRITON >> While a hospital stay isn't something most of us relish, some folks would prefer to slip in and out as anonymously as possible, remaining "the ulcer in room 302" until the day they get to go home.
Black Horse, Bridgeport churches combine forces for traditional feast
PLYMOUTH >>With the two Mount Carmels combining forces, some would say it's a match that could only have been made in heaven.
Theatre Horizon, Norristown test new ticketing pricing system
NORRISTOWN>>Letting the consumer determine the price for a product or service may be an unusual business practice, but a growing local theater company is taking this commercially benevolent step to hopefully deliver its stagecraft to a wider audience.


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Atlanta, GAUSA
April 7, 2013
The future thereof. It's not a matter of "if" it's a matter of "when". This technology seems inevitable and I want to be a part of it.
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Curiosity Quills Press Announces Release of Latest Novel by Nina Post
Celebrated author of The Last Condo Board of the Apocalypse and One Ghost Per Serving releases latest twist of humor and urban fantasy.
Danger in Cat World is a quirky procedural murder mystery about an isolated homicide detective and his cat problem. When he discovers a portal to a universe full of cats, his investigation into the death of a reclusive heiress is derailed. He must embrace the unknown to solve the case.
Hailed for her surreal and tongue-in-cheek novels, Nina Post's latest promises more of the great sardonic dark comedy readers have come to love.
"Those are not my cats. I've never seen them before." - Danger in Cat World
"If you have a sense of humor and would enjoy a light-hearted, fast paced, fun story" - Amazon.com review
Release date: February 4, 2013
Formats: Nook, Kindle, Kobo, Trade Paperback
Paperback Price: $12.99
Review Copies are available, in all digital formats (PDF, ePub, Mobi). Please specify preferred format when requesting.
Please contact us if you would like to interview author, Nina Post, or any member of CQ Press.
About the Author
Nina Post is a fiction writer who lives in downtown Chicago. Nina's writing falls under the categories of urban fantasy and contemporary fantasy, combining supernatural elements with realistic characters and a comedic tone. Her debut novel, The Last Condo Board of the Apocalypse, was published by Curiosity Quills Press in the Winter of 2012, followed by One Ghost Per Serving in the Summer of 2012.
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Hennepin County painted over Midtown Greenway mural
Since they hadn't issued a permit for the mural, Hennepin County officials began covering it up.
Artists in Storefronts -- click to enlarge
Earlier today, Hennepin County came clean as the entity responsible for painting over the Midtown Greenway mural near Sunrise Cyclery.
THE BACKSTORY: Somebody whitewashed Midtown Greenway mural [PHOTOS]
In fact, the only reason the mural wasn't totally whitewashed is because workers ran out of paint. But Hennepin County officials say their painting crew has "been instructed to leave the mural as-is while we work with Minneapolis and the artist on next steps."
In an email to City Pages, Midtown Greenway Coalition Executive Director Soren Jensen explained that the Greenway wall on which the mural was painted is owned the Hennepin County Regional Railroad Authority. The Railroad Authority "were not asked for a permit for that mural, so their crews thought it was graffiti," Jensen continued.
A Hennepin County Government Facebook post explains the mixup in more detail:
In light of recent posts about Midtown Greenway murals:
Permits for murals on the Midtown Greenway are issued by the Hennepin County Regional Railroad Authority ([email protected]). Any request to install art on the Midtown Greenway, or anywhere in Minneapolis, goes through the Minneapolis Arts Commission (https://www.facebook.com/MPLArtsComm) prior to the HCRRA granting a permit.
We are aware of the most recent incident of painting over a mural at Blaisdell. Our graffiti crew painted over it because it was not a permitted mural. Somewhat fortunately, the crew ran out of paint mid-job and have been instructed to leave the mural as-is while we work with Minneapolis and the artist on next steps.
-- Follow Aaron Rupar on Twitter at @atrupar. Got a tip? Drop him a line at [email protected]
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Here is a link from yahoo's page. Please have a look at the comments below the article. I am unable to understand what exact logic are they following. The comments are sorted by default using "Popular" filter, but still user comments with higher votes are appearing below the ones with lesser votes. Then I thought may be they are showing posts with recent activity on top. But that doesn't really seem to be true either. I am so confused with their logic.
How exactly are they showing comments?? What logic are they following?
Someone please help me understand. Thanks!
Edit 1 Can anyone pleaseeee help me out here?


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Re: Business Cards with 0%APR balance transfers for 12 months
thanks for the info. as far as bankrate, is that the absolute most comprehensive site for searching for credit cards? There are so many credit card websites out there; I need to find the one that is able to search through as many credit cards as possible
(1,085 Views)


text: Lauren Bush's Married Name: 'Lauren Bush Lauren'Maureen O'Connor8/09/11 3:27pmFiled to: Socialitesheiresseschildren ofBushesSocietyWeddingsLauren BushLauren bush laurenDavid LaurenNamesName ChangeMarriagesouthern bellesGettypicTweetg119EditInvite manuallyPromoteDismissUndismissHideShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalink Shiny-haired political heiress Lauren Bush has made it official: She'll take fiance David Lauren's last name, and go by "Lauren Bush Lauren" after her wedding. Two Laurens with a Bush in the middle. Easiest society punchline since Ima Hogg. [P6]Reply119 repliesLeave a reply


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Primary tabs
Polk launches new Heritage Collection of audio products
US manufacturer Polk Audio has announced the launch of its new Heritage Collection, which comprises two Bluetooth speakers; a pair of on-ear and a pair of over-ear headphones; two pairs of in-ear headphones; and a pair of bookshelf/desktop speakers.Mon, 04 Aug 2014, 05:22pm
New in-ear and on-ear headphones introduced by Beyerdynamic
Beyerdynamic has announced the launch of new headphones – the new DX series of in-ear headphones comprising the iDX 120 iE and iDX 160 iE models, as well as the DTX 350 p on-ear headphones.Fri, 01 Aug 2014, 11:23am
Soundsight unveils 'world's first' video recording smart headphones
Ever listened to music on your headphones and wished you could shoot some sharp visual content at the same time? Let us introduce you to Soundsight – the developer of the "world's first" video recording smart headphones.Thu, 31 Jul 2014, 03:16pm
4K TV for £450 and more – our September 2014 issue is out now
A 4K TV for £450 – a set that's too good to be true? You'll have to pick up a copy of the September 2014 issue of What Hi-Fi? Sound and Vision to find out more – and the good news is that it is available now.Wed, 30 Jul 2014, 11:03am
Creative announces new SB Inferno gaming headset
Creative has introduced its the new SB Inferno gaming headset, which can be used with PC, Mac, mobile devices and PlayStation 4 and promises "powerful audio and microphone performance".Tue, 29 Jul 2014, 03:22pm
Europe gives green light for Apple's $3bn Beats buy out
News that Beats has been accused of patent infringement might be giving Apple a headache as it looks to close its $3bn (£1.8bn) purchase of the headphone maker and music streaming service, but there is some good news for the Cupertino giant.Tue, 29 Jul 2014, 11:06am
Bose files lawsuit against Beats over noise-cancelling patent infringement
American audio manufacturer Bose has claimed that Beats has infringed five of its patents relating to noise-cancelling technology from its headphone range, and is now reportedly seeking to ban the sales and imports of certain pairs of Beats headphones.Mon, 28 Jul 2014, 12:16pm
CEA forecasts "all-time high" for consumer electronics industry revenues
A new report from the Consumer Electronics Association (CEA) has found that the industry's revenues are in line to reach an "all-time high" in 2014, with growth driven in part by sales of connected devices.Tue, 22 Jul 2014, 05:05pm
Brits pay "hundreds of pounds more" than US consumers for tech products
A new investigation undertaken has found that UK consumers pay more for tech products than their American counterparts, with the difference in some cases running into hundreds of pounds.Tue, 22 Jul 2014, 10:32am
ADL launches new dual dynamic driver earphones
Alpha Design Labs (ADL) has announced the launch of the EH-008 – earphones that include dual dynamic drivers that have been treated with Furutech's Alpha process.Wed, 16 Jul 2014, 03:27pm


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First of all, thank you everyone for your feedback and feature requests!
I have gone though the list and below you will find the new features coming to myCRED 1.2.
New Features:
- Inline editing of users points directly from your Users list in the admin area. The option to change users points when editing their profile will still be available.
- Points for viewing embedded videos. I will start off with YouTube videos but if anyone has experience with other services please let me know.
- Option to sort users in the User list according to their points balance.
- Sort BuddyPress Members list according to points balance.
- Sort Log ASC/DESC.
- Option to set a limit for awarding points for "Adding Post to Favorites".
New Add-on:
- Banking Allows you to charge / offer interest on point balances based on preset time-frames (hourly / daily / weekly / monthly / annually ). Will also support setting a fee (amount or percent) for buying Points or paying using points.
Add-on Updates:
- Gateway. Added support for Event Manager and Event Espresso.
- Ranks. Added support to assign ranks according to total accumulated points or current points balance. This way, your users can use their points to buy items without loosing their Rank.
Plugin Support:
- Event Espresso
- Sensei
Premium Plugins
In August I will the first premium add-on for myCRED bringing you some more advanced / special features. I intend to use these premium plugins to help develop myCRED. These plugins will be available though our website and will bring no limitations to existing features.
- Lottery. Allows you to setup lotteries where users can buy tickets to or pick winning numbers.
myCRED Website
The myCRED.me website will be offline from July 29th - August 1st for the 1.2 Update.
Support for Third Party Plugins
It's not going to be possible for me to add support for all third party plugins. So from now on, support for major plugins will be included in myCRED while all other plugins that you request, and those I can help you with, will be posted on our website instead.
This way, those who use these plugins can just copy and paste the code from our site to their installation to add support that way.
With myCRED 1.2 I will also add a support forum on our website. This support forum is good but I want to have more control over questions with several forums instead of everything under one. So with the 1.2 Update, I will prioritise our own support forum!
Also, I plan on introducing a reward system on the mycred.me website for those who help support this plugin. More on that later.


text: AdChoices Terms of Use Privacy Policy Hide HEALTH & SPORTS Health & Sports Galleries How To Live Longer How To Live Longer Forget Chai Tea; Grab a Beer, Instead Have a Lot of Sex Become a Shopaholic Surround Yourself With Funny People Start Flossing She May Live Longer If You Embrace Her Curves Win The Olympics, a Nobel Prize or an Oscar Don't Live in The South Serve Her a Cup of Joe Sitting Can Be Deadly; Take a Stand Against It Be an Attractive Person Make a Lot of Money Work Until You Drop Walk Around with Garlic Breath Go Nuts For Nuts?€? And Apples?€? And Chocolate How To Live Longer 1/16 How To Live Longer AskMen Editors February 19, 2014 Share Tweet 0 Shares This article was originally published on Elite Daily.Average life expectancy has been steadily rising over the past century, with men in the United States living 79.8 years and women to 82.2 years, on average. But who doesn't dream of thriving in their 90s or joining the exclusive centenarian club? We all know that exercise, a healthy diet and avoidance of all things tobacco go a long way to extending an individual's life. However, there are some lesser-known habits you should incorporate into your daily routine that could significantly prolong your time on Earth. Next Slide Healthy Diet life lessons Comments Share your opinion Your name More Like This Health Issues If You Care About Your Health, This Is The One Cause You Need To Support Read More Health & Sports News Trending News: Eating This Kind Of Fat Could Help You Lose Weight Read More Health & Sports News Trending News: Divorce Affects Men's Diets More Than Women's Read More Health & Sports News Trending News: Eating Too Little Salt Could Increase Your Risk Of Getting A Heart Attack Read More Health & Sports News Trending News: You Should Be Eating This Type Of Carb If You Want To Control Your Weight Read More Fitness & Workouts This Six-Pack Workout By Hollywood's Go-To PT Is Seriously Intense Read More Around the Web Special Features Special Feature The Ultimate Guide To Hooking Up Online Read More Guy Gear The Best Watches Under $500 Read More


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Sony PSLX300USB USB Stereo Turntable
|$128.00 & FREE Shipping. Details
- 33 1/3 and 45 rpm Speeds
- Fully automatic operation
- Built-in phono preamp
- Static balance tonearm
- USB audio output
- Belt Drive System
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This item: Sony PSLX300USB USB Stereo Turntable
Pioneer PL-990 Automatic Stereo Turntable B00005NDMR
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|15.7 inches x 13.5 inches x 3.9 inches
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Here's what I like about this turntable:
Great sound that in my opinion equals a number of CD recordings of the same music; USB connection that easily allows conversion of analog music to digital files; The MP3s that I made sound good. It is black and blends in well with my other stereo equipment and doesn't look like a bloated silver flying saucer (like some other USB turntables); Easy to operate; Price is great; Software works pretty good once you figure out how it operates.
As for my opinion of its shortcomings: I've owned this turntable for years now and there are a number of other turntables out there with equal or better features to consider. The plastic construction has a light cheap look. The software instructions in the manual will lead you to select a "record" option that will prevent you from hearing the audio as you record it. This was a little annoying until I found the "Vinyl Recording" feature under one of the drop down menus at the top of the screen.
It does the job for a great price but there are other turntables with more features to consider for not too much more money. I still recommend it.
My LP collection has been in the basement for the last 23 years. Frankly I assumed those records were ruined. I never had good stereo equipment or fresh needles, and I never treated them with more than casual care. However, I dragged them up to make a list of what MP3 tracks I'd like to buy and to my amazement I found that I had huge collections with songs that have never been digitalized. I also found that some of these old LPs are only available at astronomical prices. So I decided to try digitalizing my old LPs using the Sony PS-LX300 USB.
Before playing my first record, I spent a day on-line looking at the options for cleaning vinyl records. Spending hundreds of dollars on a disc cleaning system for records that I assumed were about ruined was out of the question. I settled for the RCA Discwasher for $14.95, even though reviews claimed it was vastly inferior to the old product (which sells at auction for well over $50.00). I also looked at the DIY options of washing vinyl records, but what I read indicated that drying was as important as getting a cleaner into the grooves and the RCA Discwasher brush was supposed to serve this function of both cleaning and drying.
I hooked the Sony turntable up to my Dell Laptop so I could keep working on my desktop computer while recording. The Sony turntable comes with a USB connection and also RCA cables (which are very short). The turntable comes with a switch to choose either Line or Phono.Read more ›
Like several other reviewers I've had a not so fun time trying to figure out the software. I do have sound through my computer. To make a long story short, here's what I ended up with for my settings: click "Tools" then "vinyl recording and restoration", be sure "monitor recording level" is checked. My Device Properties on the Audio tab is: Sound Playback: Realtek HD Audio Output
Sound Recording: USB Audio CODEC
MIDI Music Playback: Miscrosoft GS Wavetable SW Synth
I can listen to an album even if I don't want to record it by opening up the vinyl recording and restoration window and just letting it run in the background.
Hope this helps.
As someone previously described the process I will use their process except change the order because that is important:
Under Control Panel (Windows XP) and Sounds and Audio Device Properties:
Sound Playback: [enter your default sound card as Audio Output] Note that the installation software for Audio Studio LE changed this so that when you plug in the USB cable it will default to USB Audio CODEC. This is WHY your PC sound quits working.
Make sure Sound Recording is set to: USB Audio CODEC
MIDI Music Playback: Miscrosoft GS Wavetable SW Synth [I don't think this one makes any difference but it is where mine is at and it is working]
On Audio Studio LE; Click "Tools" then "vinyl recording and restoration" AND be sure "monitor recording level" is checked.
Make sure that the Sound and Audio Device properties are done BEFORE you call up the Sony software because it seems to NOT recognize changes in Windows once you have activated it.
I only gave this a 3 rating because the instructions are so poorly written. Those of you who have a working turntable and a sound card with a line in input do not need this device. All you need is a set of patch cords that will go to the line in from your stereo. (Note that you can NOT run it directly from the turntable to the line in because you need a higher voltage input (at least a pre-amp level). You also need a program that has "line in" as an option for recording. Windows Media Player does not have this option.
Update May: On reliability so far not a single problem.Read more ›
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I had three entry level Turntables from a different well known manufacturer and all of them started to play fast within one year of owning them. Read morePublished 17 days ago by Gerald Senear
I love listening to my old vinyl and i get dads old vinyl and put it to cd for him and i love the sound of old vinyl. Read morePublished 26 days ago by Fielding Isaacs jr
This is the turntable version of the iPod. The hardware is phenomenal, but the software that comes with it is somewhere between horrible and worthless. Read morePublished 26 days ago by Bruce E. Thomas
I like this turntable very much, a family member has one also, he said it was good, and he was correctPublished 1 month ago by rb1976
Awesome turntable, works and sounds great. Easy to setup. Great for the money.Published 1 month ago by Amazon Customer
Finely got it installed in my system sounds awesome to a fat finger to put that drive ribbon on the spin nob.Published 1 month ago by Larry E. Mestas
We still have LP's and ordered this turntable to be able to listen to them at home - NOT for use in a DJ setting. Read morePublished 1 month ago by Bruce Mackay