text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Oct 21, 1980
|Filing date
|May 23, 1979
|Priority date
|May 23, 1979
|Publication number
|Geoffrey Ryding
|Original Assignee
|Nova Associates, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Non-Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (34), Classifications (6), Legal Events (1)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates to apparatus for providing relative movement in vacuum chambers for treating workpieces with beams, particularly for implanting ions in semiconductor wafers.
In ion implantation of semiconductor wafers and other processes in which a beam of particles or radiation is directed at a workpiece through a vacuum, it is necessary to support the workpieces in an array on a support element (e.g., a spinning disk), and the support element is moved with respect to the beam, usually in two directions.
The vacuum chamber must either house the drive equipment or the drive equipment must be introduced from the outside. Housing the drive equipment in the vacuum chamber presents problems of contamination of the vacuum environment with grease, etc., and makes the chamber large and costly to pump down after opening. Driving the equipment from outside has caused mechanical complexity and expense and has made it difficult to introduce cooling water and the like to the wafer support members.
Some conventional beam-treatment devices employ planar vacuum seals consisting of two very smooth (optically flat) planar surfaces that move relative to one another without making contact. The smooth plates required are extremely expensive, particularly when large enough to accomodate several inches of relative movement. This cost makes them unattractive for many applications. To maintain a vacuum with such devices, the gap between the two smooth surfaces is pumped from a plurality of positions.
In other evacuated beam devices, such as electron microscope sample stages, sample position is adjusted a small distance (e.g., one inch) by sliding a single annular seal against a planar surface. To maintain a vacuum, the seal is very tightly compressed against the surface. The seal compression force results in very large frictional resistance to movement, but because beam position adjustments are made slowly and infrequently the friction is of little consequence.
I have found an inexpensive and effective means for slideably sealing two parts of an evacuated beam treatment apparatus so as to markedly reduce the complexity and make water-cooling simple. When used to slideably-connect two chambers, one housing the wafer support and the other the beam, the evacuated volume is reduced thus reducing the time required to reestablish a vacuum after a workpiece substitution, and increasing workpiece throughput.
Broadly, the invention concerns an apparatus for directing a beam at a workpiece, this apparatus including a support member for carrying the workpiece and an evacuated region surrounding the support member and the path of the beam, the source of the beam and the support member for the workpiece being relatively movable in a direction transverse to the beam, there being a sealing means accomodating the relative motion while maintaining the evacuated condition. According to the invention the sealing means comprises a slide member defining a planar sliding surface extending in the direction of relative motion, seal support member generally parallel to and spaced from the surface by a gap, aligned apertures in the members, one of which is larger in the direction of relative motion than the other, enabling the relative motion while maintaining the alignment, and a plurality of resilient seals bearing with sliding sealing contact against the planar surfaces. These seals each span the gap and extend in successive loops fully around the first and second apertures in all relative positions of the apertures, these loops being such that outer loops wholly surround inner loops, and a between-seal pumping means is provided for pumping the region radially intermediate two of the seals.
In the preferred embodiment, one vacuum chamber encloses the support element and workpieces (and is preferably just large enough to contain the support element and workpieces), and the other chamber provides a passage for the beam (and is preferably no larger than required for beam passage). The two chambers are sealed by the plurality of resilient seals each supported in a seal support member fastened to one chamber. A vacuum pump is connected to the region between seals to thereby lower the drop in pressure that must be achieved across any one seal. The seals span the gap between the seal support member and a planar slide surface fastened to the other chamber. Beam-passage apertures are provided in both the seal support member and the planar slide surface, with the apertures sized to overlap at the beam location for any relative position of the two chambers. The resilient seals then extend in generally concentric loops around the apertures in any of their relative positions.
By providing a plurality of resilient seals and between-seal pumping, each seal need not be compressed much in the direction normal to the slide plate. This lower compression reduces friction, thereby reducing seal wear and power requirements for the drive mechanism, and makes such a planar, sliding seal practical for a continuously operating machine such as a vacuum scanner.
In preferred embodiments, an array of workpieces are supported on the support element; relative movement exceeds 6 inches; the beam and chamber enclosing it are stationary; the workpiece support moves in a straight path to traverse the workpiece across the beam; apparatus is provided to move the workpiece in a second direction (e.g., rotating) orthogonal to the straight path, to enable treatment over an extended area of the workpiece; the support element supports workpieces at a substantial angle (e.g., 90�) to the beam; a plurality of generally concentric resilient seals extend in an oval racetrack configuration, each seal bearing against the planar slide surface; each resilient seal includes a low-friction member in contact with the planar slide surface and a more-resilient member bearing against the low-friction member and urging it toward the planar surface; the two members are supported in a recess in a second planar surface parallel to the first surface; and ports are provided between the plurality of seals for establishing a series of different pressure levels, thereby allowing each seal to be under relatively low compression and thus provide lower overall friction resistance.
The seal is preferrably of composite construction including a wear resistant seal element (e.g. high density polyethylene) engaged by a soft resilient ring (e.g. durometer of the order of 40) which is compressed no more than about 10%. The thinness (e.g. 1/8" in the direction normal to the planar slide surface) of the wear resistant element enables it to conform in good sealing relation to a slide surface made with a normal manufacturing tolerance.
The structure and operation of a preferred embodiment of the invention will now be described, after first briefly describing the drawings.
FIG. 1 is somewhat diagrammatic, cross-sectional view of the preferred embodiment in which wafers are supported on a rotating disk.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view at 2--2 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is an enlargement of a portion of FIG. 2, showing vacuum seals.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view at 4--4 of FIG. 1, showing the seal plate.
Referring to the figures, wafers W are mounted on the surface of a spinning disk 104, which rotates at approximately 800 rpm. The disk is contained in vacuum chamber 106, (FIG. 1), and is approximately 25 inches in diameter and 3/4 inch thick. Chamber 106 is only slightly larger than the disk so as to minimize evacuated volume, the chamber being approximately 25 1/2 inches in diameter and 1 and 1/2 inches thick. Eighteen three-inch-diameter wafers W are mounted on the disk in a single annular layer. Alternatively, thirteen 4" wafers could replace the eighteen smaller ones. The disk is supported on a spindle 110, which passes through the wall of the vacuum chamber 106. In order to effect a high vacuum seal around this spindle, well-know ferrofluidic seals 121 are used. The disk is driven by a DC servo-system 112, with the velocity of rotation held constant to better than 0.5%. The second axis of motion enables the entire disk chamber 106 to be moved laterally so as to move the stationary beam radially with respect to the disk. A sliding high-vacuum seal 114 permits this lateral motion. The seal consists of fixed concentric sealing rings 116, 118, 120 in fixed plate 126 bearing against moving slide plate 128. The seals have a high-wear-resistance ring 122 (high-density and high-molecular weight polyethylene) backed by an O-ring 124 of soft-durometer buna, which provides the necessary sealing forces. Three successive seals are provided so that the individual seals do not need to undergo full atmospheric to high-vacuum differential pressure.
O-ring 124 has a durometer value of 40, which is softer than conventional O-rings, which generally are of 60 durometer. The cross-sectional diameter of the O-ring is 0.275 inches uncompressed. The installed compression is from about 0.005 to 0.010 inches, which is considerably less than the compression conventionally used in an O-ring seal, i.e., 20 to 30 percent, or about 0.070 inches for this size O-ring. The softer O-ring and smaller compression add up to a very low compression force on the polyethylene sealing ring 122. Slide plate 128 has a flatness and parallelism tolerance of 0.005 inches or less. This amount of variation can be accommodated by the resilience of the O-ring without significant leakage occurring, although a small amount of leakage can be accepted because of the between-seal pumping arrangement. Sealing rings 122 are designed to have sufficient flexibility to conform to the variations in plate 128. The rings are about 1/4 inch wide and 1/8 inch thick. The grooves containing rings 122 and O-rings 124 are about 0.010 inch wider than rings 122 to assure that rings 122 have freedom of movement to bend in conforming to undulations in the surface of the slide plate. Slide plate 128 has about a 16 microinch finish.
By use of the concentric planar seals and between-seal pumping, adequate sealing across each seal can be achieved while also using relatively low compression forces on the seal, thereby reducing frictional resistance to lateral motion and improving wear and vacuum reliability. In order to further reduce friction, surface 127 of slide plate 128, against which the seals slide, is hardened and polished (hard anodized coat of aluminum infused with DuPont's Teflon (polyletrafluoroethylene) by the Nituff process of Nimet Industries). An alternative to the Nituff surface is a hard-chromed surface, as hardness is an important consideration. The Teflon in the Nituff surface is believed to fill the pores, and thereby provide a lubrication effect. The anodizing of the surface provides the desired hardness. The between-seal pumping is provided by conventional rotary vane, two-stage vacuum pumps which have oil lubrication. Pressure P1 (FIG. 3) in the region between seals 116 and 118 is typically 1 torr. Pressure P2 in the region between seal 118 and 120 is typically 5�10-2 torr. Pressure P3 in the chamber is typically 1�10-6 torr.
Chamber 106 is supported by a linear bearing system and a linear drive system, which provide the desired lateral motion of the chamber and hold the chamber away from the slide plate. The linear bearing system includes two stationary Thompson linear bearings 143 through which slide circular shafts 134, attached to the moving chamber 106. The chamber is moved laterally by stepping motor 140, which drives lead screw 138, threaded in nut 136 attached to the chamber. Beam current striking disk 104 from which electrons are suppressed by electron deflection means 186 is measured by a Faraday cage 142 positioned on the back side of the disk. A slot 141 is provided in the disk at a suitable location between the wafers from near the outer edge of the disk to the innermost radial position at which the beam strikes the disc. As the disk spins, a sample of the beam passes through the disk once every revolution, and strikes the Faraday cage 142. The samples of beam current measured during each disk revolution are fed to control electrons 144, which control motor 140. The control system moves the spinning disk through the stationary beam at a speed proportional to the detected beam current and inversely proportional to the desired ion dosage.
Disk 104 is constructed of aluminum, to provide good thermal conductivity and relatively good inertness to contamination of the semiconductor wafers. Aluminum also has a reasonably good heat capacity and it provides adequate rigidity for the high-speed rotating disk.
Cooling water inlet and outlet passages are provided within rotating shaft 110, and serve to remove heat from the hub of disk 104. Water passages can also be provided within the body of disk 104.
Heat transfer from the wafer to the disk must not be impeded in order for the thermal energy created by the ion beam to be transferred to the disk thereby keeping the total temperature rise of the wafers during implantation less than about 100� C. Beam 102 is generated by a source (not shown) and passes through vacuum gate valve 148, cylinder 130, circular hole 170 in plate 126, slot 172 in slide plate 128, and into chamber 106. Electron source 154 provides a shower of electrons to neutralize the charge of the ions being deposited on the wafers.
In operation of the preferred embodiment, the disk chamber is opened to exchange wafers by closing a vacuum gate valve 148 to seal off the evacuated ion beam generator, venting the chamber to atmospheric pressure, and opening the chamber.
In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the chamber cover 109, to which the disk 104, spindle 110, and drive motor 112 are attached, is rotatably supported on hinges 150. The cover is rotated 90� by cylinders 152 to the position shown in phantom lines, and a new disk with new wafers is substituted for the existing one. The cover is then restored to its normal closed position, the chamber is evacuated, and gate valve 148 is opened to connect the high-vacuum pumping system of the beam generator (not shown). At this time the rotary motion of the disk is initiated and the DC servo-system is used to bring the rotary velocity of the disk up to the fixed and constant operating velocity required for implantation. The operator selects the desired ion dosage, the wafer size, and the required number of scans, and gives a start signal to the electronics to initiate lateral motion of the chamber and disk. Once the implant is started, the entire disk chamber is moved laterally, with the disk moving through the beam the prescribed number of scans and at a velocity consistent with the measured beam intensity and the required dosage. During this scanning motion the cylinders 152 previously used to close the cover 109, now are furnished with hydraulic fluid by a constant pressure source and serve the purpose of bearing the weight of the disk-chamber assembly throughout its range of vertical travel.
Typically the scanning process may take anywhere from 1 to 60 minutes. On completion of the traversal of the disk and after it is determined that the disk has returned to initiation position with the beam located at the outer edge of the disk, the implantation is complete, and the sequence for closing the gate valve 148, venting the chamber 106, and reloading the disk spindle is initiated again.
All components have been designed to give a dosage accuracy of better than 1%. The lateral velocity has been limited so that it does not exceed maximum velocity of 1.0 inch per second. This means that the lateral distance between two successive passes of the beam will not exceed approximately 2 mm. As the beam 102 is typically on the order of 2 cm in diameter, this constraint on lateral velocity ensures excellent overlapping characteristics of the beam during the implantation process. In the described embodiment, the disk has a single sampling slot, and, as the disk is rotating at approximately 800 rpm, the period between successive beam samples is about 75 m sec. This sampling rate is sufficient to achieve an overall dosage accuracy and uniformity of better than 1%.
Other embodiments of the invention are within the scope of the following claims. For example, with a suitably large wafer chamber, only the disk shaft and parts supported by it may be translated, and the sliding seal can be arranged at the shaft behind the disk to accommodate this motion. Here again water cooling passages through the shaft can provide cooling to the disk.
|"High Speed Rotating Vacuum Seal" by Booth & Logan UCRL 78792 Oct., 1976.
|"Vacuum Sealing Techniques" by Roth, pp. 538-540.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jun 9, 1989
|Feb 6, 1990
|Varian Associates, Inc.
|Disk scanning apparatus for batch ion implanters
|Jan 7, 1997
|May 12, 1998
|Eaton Corporation
|Loadlock assembly for an ion implantation system
|Nov 26, 1996
|Jun 2, 1998
|Eaton Corporation
|Plasma chamber for controlling ion dosage in ion implantation
|Nov 26, 1996
|Aug 11, 1998
|Eaton Corporation
|Ion implantation system for implanting workpieces
|Nov 26, 1996
|Sep 22, 1998
|Eaton Corporation
|Control mechanisms for dosimetry control in ion implantation systems
|Nov 26, 1996
|Oct 20, 1998
|Eaton Corporation
|Large area uniform ion beam formation
|Nov 26, 1996
|Oct 27, 1998
|Eaton Corporation
|System and method for cooling workpieces processed by an ion implantation system
|Nov 26, 1996
|Apr 20, 1999
|Eaton Corporation
|Ion beam shield for implantation systems
|Sep 10, 1997
|Apr 27, 1999
|Orion Equipment, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for controlling a workpiece in a vacuum chamber
|Apr 23, 1998
|Feb 15, 2000
|Eaton Corporation
|Ion implantation system for implanting workpieces
|Mar 19, 1999
|Dec 19, 2000
|Applied Materials, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for controlling a workpiece in a vacuum chamber
|Oct 10, 2000
|Aug 20, 2002
|Applied Materials, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for controlling a workpiece in a vacuum chamber
|Apr 17, 2000
|Aug 5, 2003
|Asml Netherlands B.V.
|Gas bearings for use with vacuum chambers and their application in lithographic projection apparatuses
|Jul 7, 2003
|Jan 18, 2005
|Asml Netherlands B.V.
|Gas bearings for use with vacuum chambers and their application in lithographic projection apparatus
|Jan 5, 2010
|New Way Machine Components, Inc.
|Vacuum chamber stage with application of vacuum from below
|Jun 7, 2007
|Mar 15, 2011
|Fei Company
|Compact scanning electron microscope
|Feb 1, 2011
|Nov 13, 2012
|Fei Company
|Compact scanning electron microscope
|Apr 26, 2007
|Dec 3, 2013
|Fei Company
|Slider bearing for use with an apparatus comprising a vacuum chamber
|Jun 7, 2007
|May 5, 2015
|Fei Company
|User interface for an electron microscope
|Aug 23, 2011
|May 17, 2016
|Nikon Research Corporation Of America
|Vacuum chamber assembly for supporting a workpiece
|Jul 7, 2003
|May 20, 2004
|Asml Netherlands B.V.
|Gas bearings for use with vacuum chambers and their application in lithographic projection apparatus
|Jun 7, 2007
|Jul 8, 2010
|Fei Company
|Compact scanning electron microscope
|Jun 7, 2007
|Aug 5, 2010
|Fei Company
|User Interface for an Electron Microscope
|Apr 26, 2007
|Nov 4, 2010
|Fei Company
|Compact Scanning Electron Microscope
|Jun 9, 2011
|Fei Company
|Compact scanning electron microscope
|Sep 7, 2012
|Aug 14, 2014
|Commissariat � I'�nergie atomique et aux �nergies alternatives
|Device for the Relative Displacement of Two Parts Under Differential Pressure
|Aug 11, 2014
|Mar 19, 2015
|Applied Materials Israel, Ltd.
|Slit valve with a pressurized gas bearing
|Sep 3, 1986
|Mar 12, 1987
|Eaton Corp
|Sep 3, 1986
|Jul 9, 1998
|Eaton Corp
|Vorrichtung zum Einladen eines Halbleiterwafers in eine Behandlungskammer und Ionenimplantationsvorrichtung mit dieser Vorrichtung
|Sep 14, 1990
|May 4, 1995
|Varian Associates
|Device for transferring a mechanical movement into a vacuum chamber
|Apr 26, 2007
|Dec 21, 2007
|Fei Company
|Slider bearing for use with an apparatus comprising a vacuum chamber
|Apr 26, 2007
|Apr 17, 2008
|Fei Co
|Slider bearing for use with an apparatus comprising a vacuum chamber
|Aug 23, 2011
|Mar 1, 2012
|Nikon Corporation
|Vacuum chamber assembly for supporting a workpiece
|Aug 23, 2011
|Aug 16, 2012
|Nikon Corporation
|Vacuum chamber assembly for supporting a workpiece
|U.S. Classification
|250/400, 250/492.2, 250/492.3
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|May 6, 1983
Owner name: EATON CORPORATION, CLEVELAND, OHIO,
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:NOVA ASSOCIATES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004142/0226
Effective date: 19830428


text:
$7.19Blaine McCracken races to stop terrorists from unleashing an ancient weapon of unimaginable power at the president's State of the Union speechBlaine McCracken pulled off the impossible on a mission in Iran, but his work has just begun. Returning to the US, he faces another terrible threat in the form of Reverend Jeremiah Rule, whose hateful rhetoric has inflamed half the world, resulting in a
Caitlin Strong Novels (Book 1)INCLUDES A SNEAK PEAK OF JON LAND'S THRILLING NEW CAITLIN STRONG NOVEL, STRONG AT THE BREAK, AVAILBLE IN JUNE!Caitlin Strong is a fifth-generation Texas Ranger, proud to wear the badge of her father and grandfather—until a deadly shoot-out along the Mexican border causes her to question her calling.Five years later, Caitlin is still trying to purge herself of guilt from the day that ended her
Caitlin Strong Novels (Book 3)Fifth-generation Texas Ranger Caitlin Strong returns in an adventure with roots in a gunfight where her father shot down the cult-like leader of a separatist church.Two decades later, that man's son, Malcolm Arno, has become head of a militia movement bent on unleashing chaos and anarchy across the country. With all the guns and money he needs to wage a second Civil War, nothing seems to be
$7.19A space shuttle is destroyed during flight, and the CIA recalls disgraced agent Blaine McCracken to uncover the people responsibleA space shuttle disappears during a routine repair mission, 180 miles above Earth's surface. An intelligence operative with a dark secret is murdered, his car set ablaze, while he is in the middle of fulfilling a depraved fantasy. And a reporter receives a message from
Caitlin Strong Novels (Book 2)Fifth-generation Texas Ranger Caitlin Strong is back, pursuing justice the Ranger way. She takes on the case of a Mexican girl on the run from white slavers. For Caitlin, the case evokes memories of her legendary grandfather's run with the Rangers, even as it brings her face-to-face with a serial killer who's left a trail of bodies along the Mexico border.Pursuing the killer brings Caitlin to a
The Jared Kimberlain Novels (Book 1)A killer proves he can penetrate the world's finest security systems, and an undercover op must come out of retirement before the President enters the crosshairs$25,000 a week buys an impressive security system, and America's billionaires have the best they can get. Round-the-clock guards, electrified fences, and bulletproof glass protect their mansions—but they are no longer enough. Three of the
$7.19In Egypt, Blaine McCracken tracks down a secret society whose ancient weapon threatens the entire world Far beneath the sands of Alexandria, an archaeological team digs deeper than anyone has before, seeking an ancient power older than the pyramids. What they unearth is an evil that threatens the whole world. First it targets the worst of humanity: Ex-Nazis, Central American warlords, and the
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Caitlin Strong Novels (Book 4)1818: In the Gulf waters off the Texas coast, the pirate Jean Lefitte and his partner Jim Bowie launch an attack on the Mother Mary, a slave ship carrying an invaluable treasure.The Present: Fifth-generation Texas Ranger Caitlin Strong finds herself investigating the murder of the oil rig crew that had found the long-lost wreckage of the Mother Mary. The crew also uncovered something else beneath
$7.19When his estranged son is kidnapped, Blaine McCracken goes to work for a group of Arab militants to recover the child he never knewSince he first went behind enemy lines in Vietnam, Blaine McCracken has faced death on every continent. In the line of fire he is an iron man, but now he faces a different challenge: fatherhood. His son, Matt, is thirteen—the unknown product of a long ago tryst. When

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The Kittitas County Public Health Department (KCPHD) will hold a drive-thru flu vaccination clinic on October 9, 2012, in the parking lot of the Grand Meridian Cinema located at 504 East Mountain View Avenue in Ellensburg. Anyone can get a flu shot between 7:30 am and 3:30 pm. Vaccinations are free for children 18 and under; vaccinations for adults are $30.00, check or cash.
KCPHD has been conducting drive-thru flu vaccination clinics since 2003. The department uses the annual drive-thru flu clinic to practice for the possibility of a disease outbreak that would either require vaccinating or distributing medication to large numbers of people in Kittitas County.
Getting vaccinated is the best way to prevent getting the flu and now you can protect yourself without even getting out of your car. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that everyone over the age of 6 months receive a flu shot every year.
It is especially important for certain groups of people to be vaccinated every year including:
For more information about flu vaccination or about the drive-thru flu vaccination clinic, call the Kittitas County Public Health Department at (509) 962-7515.


text:
A beautiful, modern, and luxurious hotel in Guanacaste. The breakfast buffet was out of this world! The presentation of the food at the other restaurants on the property was also incredible. A very friendly and helpful staff, and a decent variety of options to sign up for excursions. It's also a nice option to take a short walk to Riu Guanacaste to spend the day at their pool, but for a romantic and luxurious experience I would recommend Riu Palace.
I admit, the area of Guanacaste is not very green (during then dry season in April), and the hotel grounds are somewhat barren looking. Going on excursions to the other side of the country (to Arenal, Monteverde, Manuel Antonio, etc.) to experience the natural beauty of the country and the green/rain forest/natural hot springs was an amazing experience! But, our time at the Riu Palace was relaxing and luxurious. We loved it.
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- Also Known As:
- Hotel Riu Palace Costa Rica Guanacaste


text:
Void Vision
0 Shouts - 53,492 Scrobbles
Void Vision is a Philadelphia-based solo female dark wave / electronic / synthpop project from Shari Vari .Read More...
The project underwent many transformations as it evolved. Void Vision functioned as a duo consisting of Shari and Hayden Payne, who later left after the recording of their first 7" vinyl 'In 20 Years' on Blind Prophet Records to pursue his project, Dream Affair. Shari continues on presently recording and preforming as Void Vision. In 2013 the band toured the West Coast and released a split 12" with Vice Device (Portland) on Accident Prone Records and the full length entitled 'Sub Rosa' is set to be released in early 2014 on Mannequin Records.
Shari Vari is also a member of the band Hot Guts.
Void Vision also appears on a number of compilations:
Rough Trade: Synth Wave 10 (2010)
Track: 'In 20 Years'
FlexiWave - 290.625" Cassette Compilation (2012)
Track: 'Everything is Fine'
Electric Voice - Sand Beach Compilation (2013)
Track: 'Hidden Hand' Read more on Last.fm. User-contributed text is available under the Creative Commons By-SA License; additional terms may apply.
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text: On Tue, Aug 04, 2009 at 10:28:16PM +0200, Miloslav Trma?? wrote: > This patch adds a "secret" as a separately managed object, using a > special-purpose API to transfer the secret values between nodes and > libvirt users. > > Rather than add explicit accessors for attributes of secrets, and > hard-code the "secrets are related to storage volumes" association in > the API, the API uses XML to manipulate the association as well as > other attributes, similarly to other areas of libvirt. > > The user can allocate an ID for the secret using virSecretAllocateID() > (or use some other way to allocate secret IDs, e.g. reuse IDs used by > the user in other databases), set attributes of the secret using XML, e.g. > <secret ephemeral='no' private='yes'> > <volume>/var/lib/libvirt/images/mail.img</volume> > <description>LUKS passphrase for our mail server</description> > </secret> > The secret value can be either generated and stored by libvirt during > volume creation, or supplied by the user using virSecretSetValue(). > > A simple API is provided for enumeration of all secrets. Very large > deployments will manage secret IDs automatically, so it is probably not > necessary to provide a specialized lookup function (allowing the volume > key -> secret ID lookup in less than O(number of secrets)). These > functions can eventually be added later. > diff --git a/include/libvirt/libvirt.h.in b/include/libvirt/libvirt.h.in > index e6536c7..093c89e 100644 > --- a/include/libvirt/libvirt.h.in > +++ b/include/libvirt/libvirt.h.in > @@ -1448,6 +1448,30 @@ void virEventRegisterImpl(virEventAddHandleFunc addHandle, > virEventAddTimeoutFunc addTimeout, > virEventUpdateTimeoutFunc updateTimeout, > virEventRemoveTimeoutFunc removeTimeout); > + > +/* > + * Secret manipulation API > + */ > +char * virSecretAllocateID (virConnectPtr conn); > +int virSecretSetXML (virConnectPtr conn, > + const char *secret_id, > + const char *xml); > +char * virSecretGetXML (virConnectPtr conn, > + const char *secret_id); > +int virSecretSetValue (virConnectPtr conn, > + const char *secret_id, > + const void *secret, > + size_t secret_size); > +void * virSecretGetValue (virConnectPtr conn, > + const char *secret_id, > + size_t *secret_size); > +int virSecretDelete (virConnectPtr conn, > + const char *secret_id); > +int virSecretNumOfSecrets (virConnectPtr conn); > +int virSecretListSecrets (virConnectPtr conn, > + char **ids, > + int maxids); > + This looks like a reasonable set of operations to start with, just have a couple of minor tweaks to suggest. - Instead of using "const char *secret_id" as the entity to pass around the APIs, introduce a opaque struct type. eg in libvirt.h.in typedef struct _virSecret virSecret; typedef virSecret *virSecretPtr; and internally in datatypes.h, have that struct be struct _virSecret { unsigned int magic; /* specific value to check */ int refs; /* reference count */ virConnectPtr conn; /* pointer back to the connection */ unsigned char uuid[VIR_UUID_BUFLEN]; /* the unique secret identifier */ }; this just gives us a little more flexibility in the API for dealing with the unexpected in the future, and follows the paradigm of the other APIs. - Rename virSecretSetXML() to virSecretDefineXML() and rename virSecretDelete() to virSecretUndefine() Again this is simply for consistency with API naming scheme used by other objects in libvirt. virSecretAllocateID() would then be unneccessary, since virSecretDefineXML would simply return an instance of the virSecretPtr object. We would probably want a virSecretGetUUID() method to retrieve the id for an object, and a virSecretLookupByID() method to fetch an existing secret based off its identifier - that would allow O(1) lookup from the ID in a volume XML doc as you suggested. In the SetValue/GetValue fields you have a const void *secret size_t secret_size This implies an arbitrary data type being passed in or out. I'm guessing that you're really meaning a opaque byte array, in which case I think it would be preferrable to use 'unsigned char *' for the data instead of 'void *' Regards, Daniel -- |: Red Hat, Engineering, London -o- http://people.redhat.com/berrange/ :| |: http://libvirt.org -o- http://virt-manager.org -o- http://ovirt.org :| |: http://autobuild.org -o- http://search.cpan.org/~danberr/ :| |: GnuPG: 7D3B9505 -o- F3C9 553F A1DA 4AC2 5648 23C1 B3DF F742 7D3B 9505 :|


text:
Our mission: To protect and enhance the quality of life for domestic, farm and wild animals in B.C.
July 25, 2016
Birds are the fourth most commonly kept companion animal in Canada after cats, dogs and fish. So why are there so many unwanted parrots?
July 24, 2016
The BC SPCA answers your questions about companion, farm, and wild animal behaviour. In this article: how to keep your cat from waking you up at night.
July 20, 2016
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The BC SPCA answers your questions about companion, farm, and wild animal behaviour. In this article: how to calm an anxious dog.
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Free hearing and vision screenings are available for children entering preschool and kindergarten in the fall of 2016.
SUMMER'S HERE...Remember to stay cool, drink plenty of fluids, check on elderly neighbors, and do the same for pets!
Check out what is happening at the Berrien County Youth Fair August 15-20 at the Fairgrounds in Berrien Springs!
During the months of June through October, WIC participants can receive additional benefits to purchase locally grown fresh fruits and vegetables at local participating farmer's markets through Project FRESH.
Berrien County Veterans Services is looking for volunteer van drivers for our Disabled American Veterans Transportation Program.


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by Tiffany Wang, YWCA USA Digital Communications Coordinator
In a powerful, scathing dissent yesterday in an illegal-stop-and-search case, Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor wrote passionately on police authority and harassment, individual rights, racial profiling, and unconstitutional searches. The case, Utah v. Strieff, weighed whether evidence uncovered during an unlawful police stop could be used in court against the person in possession of it. In a 5-3 vote, the court decided that an arrest warrant discovered during the stop legitimized it, making the evidence admissible despite the initial stop. Sotomayer, clearly, did not agree with this, warning,


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i dont understand
my car wont rise up in the back but the pump is pumping the shop say it to weak on 1995 Cadillac DeVille
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2 answers
Maybe the shop say you have a leak!
I agree with pushrod if the pump is running then you should check for a leak somewhere


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Monthly Archives: May 2012
Sew a Bunting for the Queen's Diamond Jubilee!
2012 marks the Queen Elizabeth II's Diamond Jubilee Year, the 60th anniversary of her reign over the United Kingdom. Elizabeth II took the throne on Feb. 6, 1952, and was crowned on June 2, 1952. The central weekend of Diamond … Continue reading
Free Stuff Friday Winner!
Thank you everyone for participating in Friday's giveaway! On Friday, we asked: How often do you reference your sewing library? Many of you flip through your library to reference specific techniques for a project you're working on. Still more of you … Continue reading
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Welcome to another edition of Free Stuff Friday! Today we're giving away a copy of the Singer Simple Sewing Guide. Not specific to a Singer sewing machine, this guide gives you essential tips and techniques– from information on sewing tools … Continue reading
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Free Stuff Friday Winner + a Free Girls' Skirt Project!
Thanks to everyone for participating in our Free Stuff Friday giveaway for Sewing Modkid Style by Patty Young! There are a lot of very lucky little girls out there! We chose randomly from among all the commeters, and the lucky … Continue reading
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Free Stuff Friday! Win Sewing Modkid Style!
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Helens Favorites
(Recipe Collection)
9 Recipes Created by SUNSHINECOOKIE
Recipes in this Collection
Technically this is a crustless quiche, but the addition of flour makes for a delicious crusty bottom and sides.Submitted by JENNLOVE
This easy, cheesy eggplant packs a mean veggie punch! A simple vegetarian meal that even meat-eaters will love.Submitted by CHEF_MEG
This comfort food classic is great for a family dinner. Members turn to this meal again and again for good reason: It's easy, tasty, and ready in just 30 minutes! Submitted by CHALIGAL155
A quick, easy and healthy meal in minutes!Submitted by DEFREYTAG
Peanut butter and bananas are a perennial favorite combination, so this pie is always a huge hit. Ive made the filling extra creamy by blending whipped fat-free evaporated milk with peanut butter and reduced-fat cream cheese. This is much better than simply spreading peanut butter on a banana!Submitted by MARISACHURCHILL
Enjoy a little red, white and blue with these festive yogurt parfaits! Recipe serves one, but can easily be tripled or quadrupled to serve at a cookout or party. Submitted by COACH_NICOLE
Ditch the crust and boost your veggie intake with these eggplant "pizzas." Submitted by GONZOSTAR
This tomato soup is so rich and thick you'll swear it's laden with cream and butter. The trick is really good tomatoes.
Submitted by CHEF_MEG
Serve up creamy, cheesy chicken enchiladas, and no one will be late to dinner!Submitted by SKEYDOO


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LONG BEACH TOWNSHIP — Gov. Chris Christie will visit Long Beach Island on Thursday to meet with officials and residents at the Bayview Park pavilion in the Brant Beach section of Long Beach Township.
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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Oct 12, 1993
|Filing date
|Dec 6, 1991
|Priority date
|Dec 6, 1991
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Jacqueline L. Berg
|Original Assignee
|Berg Jacqueline L
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (3), Referenced by (42), Classifications (8), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention generally relates to methods and apparatus for sensing physiological events, hereinafter referred to as biorhythms. Additionally, the invention relates to computer based systems for driving imaging and audio devices. Yet further, the invention relates to real time interactive multimedia computer based systems.
It is known to sense biorhythms and to generate signals relating thereto so that a subject whose biorhythms are being sensed can receive feedback relating thereto. It is known to use this feedback to effect control over the bodily function or activity generating the biorhythm. For example, it has been known that subjects can effect control over the heart rate by being provided with feedback relevant thereto. Further, subjects have been known to be able to control their skin resistance while receiving continuous measurements thereof.
The present invention provides a system by means of which a subject can utilize biorhythm feedback to generate creative expressions. Furthermore, the invention provides a system by means of which a subject can be provided with information concerning the interrelationship between various physiological events and activities.
To these ends, in an embodiment, the invention provides a computer system to which are coupled at least one sensor operative to sense at least one biorhythm, a video camera, a video monitor, and an audio system, as well as computer programs stored in the computer which are operative to process signals from the biorhythm sensor and the video camera to generate video and audio signals incorporating information relating to the sensed biorhythms. The computer programs preferably provide for selection of one of a variety of physical and/or mental activities which is then monitored to display the affect of the selected activity on the sensed biorhythm.
In an embodiment, the invention provides that the biorhythm sensor is a pulse sensor.
In an embodiment, the invention provides that the biorhythm sensor is a galvanic skin response sensor.
In an embodiment, the invention provides that the computer programs are operative to process a real time video image of the subject.
These and other features of the invention will become clearer with reference to the following detailed description of the presently preferred embodiment and drawing.
In FIG. 1, there is illustrated in block diagram form a computer based system for receiving biorhythm signals from a subject and providing for creative expression feedback.
In FIG. 2 there is illustrated a program tree for a main menu portion of a computer program for a system embodying principles of the invention.
FIG. 3 illustrates a program tree of a portion of the program of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 illustrates a program tree of another portion of the program of FIG. 2.
In accordance with the invention, a system is provided wherein a subject is provided with creative expression feedback relating to sensed biorhythms. By controlling the relevant biorhythms, the subject can alter the creative expression feedback thereby to obtain an understanding of various bodily activities as well as the interrelationships between them.
To these ends, the present system provides a real time interactive multi-media hardware/software system. This system is based on a human-machine interface of biorhythms which drive imaging and audio devices. Together, the technologies involved offer a unique configuration and application of tools for learning through creative expression.
With this interdisciplinary approach, an individual can use psychological output sensors to reflect thoughts and emotions. Further, a subject can interactively learn to relate psychological outputs to their own emotions and thoughts, as well as the imaging and audio feedback input.
The system is based on the biofeedback principle of learning which states that one can learn to change biological responses when one receives back visual or audible information about that response. This principle provides a dynamic, innovative approach to learning and healing. The method encourages the subject to choose a mental and physical state through positive reinforcement.
As illustrated in the drawing, in a preferred embodiment, a system 10 for providing creative expression feedback relating to biorhythms preferably incorporates a microprocessor 12 such as the so-called 386 class of microprocessor for personal computers. Of course it is known that the reference to 386 relates to the 80386 chip that is produced by Intel Corporation and its imitations or compatibles.
To the microprocessor 12 are coupled a graphics video image processing module 14, preferably a VGA graphics board. The VGA graphics module 14 is used to generate alterable video signals suitable for driving a color video monitor 16 also coupled to the microprocessor 12.
Additionally provided is an editor monitor 18 via on which, as will be explained more fully below, selections or options in a main program can be displayed and then edited. Thus, an overseer such as a therapist or other medical person can configure the system for the subject.
Also coupled to the microprocessor 12 is a color video camera 20 used to obtain a continuous real time video image of the subject who would be using the system 10. The real time image of the subject is displayed on the video monitor 16 as will be described below so that the image can be altered and controlled in view of sensed biorhythms thereby to provide a creative feedback relating to the sensed biorhythms.
To receive signals relating to the biorhythms, there is included a seven channel biofeedback device 22 coupled to the microprocessor 12 by means of an analog-to-digital converter 24. The biofeedback device 22 in turn preferably is coupled to a pulse sensor 26 and two small galvanic skin response sensors 28. Of course, other inputs for ECG, EKG, etc. type devices can be provided.
For further creative input, as will be described in further detail below, there is included a musical instrument digital interface (MIDI) 30 used for coupling a musical instrument such as a synthesizer to the microprocessor 12. In the exemplary embodiment, there is included a synthesizer 32 coupled to the MIDI 30. At the same time, there are included speakers 34 coupled to both the MIDI 30 and the synthesizer 32.
In addition to the foregoing, a mouse 38 is coupled to the microprocessor via a mouse driver 40 for alternate input to the microprocessor 12. The mouse is used for selection of creative expression options presented to the subject.
Yet further, the system 10 is provided with a digit switch console 42, preferably of the type known as DG24. Selections described below then can be made via appropriate actuation of digital switches on the console 42.
It can be appreciated that the analog-to-digital converter board 24, the musical instrument digital interface board 30, mouse driver board 40, and digital graphics board 42 can be constructed as computer boards so that the microprocessor and these boards are incorporated into a single personal computer cabinet.
With the foregoing overall description in mind, the manner in which the system is used is discussed.
In the illustrated embodiment, the pulse sensor 26 and two small galvanic skin response sensors 28 are placed on three of a subject's fingers also referred to hereinafter in female gender form. The subject is asked not to move her hand.
When the subject first enters the software, i.e., starts-up the relevant creative expression computer program, a large colorful main graphic menu is presented on the monitor 16 which offers three activities to work with: "Design Your Image," "Composing Music," "Painting With Lasers," and "Help." This and all other graphic menus described below are overlayed onto a live processed video image of the subject also presented on the monitor 16. The video image of the subject is altered by special effects provided by the image processor 14 which change with each selectable activity.
If the subject first picks "HELP," then a brief introduction about the various activities is presented and then a new screen will appear on the monitor 18 with a display of all icons and their meaning. There is a "HELP" icon on every menu which calls up instructions or directions for that specific part of the activity. After reviewing the information, the subject can close or exit the HELP routine and again be presented with the main menu.
If the subject chooses "Design Your Image," which is the video image processing activity, she is now taken into another menu which asks her to choose: "Design Effects," "Learning to Design," "Express Yourself," and "HELP." If she chooses "Design Effects," she can preview each of the special effects that will b correlated with her bio-rhythm activity.
It can be appreciated that the various design effects are provided by the image processing module 14. Thus, the different effects available in reality are a function of the particular module used. For ease of understanding only two are discussed herein.
"Learning to Design" is the learning tutorial for this activity. It is here that the user can learn how to change her bio-rhythms and thus redesign the video image of herself displayed on the monitor 18 with each of the special effects. To accomplish this, the next menu asks her to pick a special effect to work with. Since she will have previewed all effects, she can pick the design effect which was most interesting or attractive to her.
The next menu asks which bio-rhythm she wants to work with. She can choose between "Heart Rate" and "Skin Resistance." If she chooses "Heart Rate," then she is asked if she wants to use a physical or mental activity. If she chooses "Physical Activity," a menu will appear with selectable exercises, for example, the following exercises: Breathe Normal, Hold Your Breath, Breathe Deep and Slow, Breathe Fast, and Hold Up Your Arms. If she chooses "Hold Your Breath," the software will then hold the following information: the user wants to work with "Heart Rate," she will be using the physical exercise "Breathe Fast," and, for example, "Design Effect #3," which makes a split mirror image of her face, moves and changes color.
When the first tutorial begins, a live video screen comes up with the subject's face changed by the special effect. On the far right side of the screen is an opaque column for a heart icon to appear. The prompt "Breathe Fast" appears on an opaque strip at the bottom of the screen and EXIT if she wants to return.
The subject then would begin to breathe fast. If her heart rate increases, the heart icon appears with an arrow pointing up. The video effect will turn her face red and make an upward movement. If her heart rate decreases, the heart icon will appear with the arrow pointing down, her image will become blue and move downward. If it remains the same, the heart icon has no arrows, the effect turns yellow and does not move.
As a result of this interaction, the subject should come to understand that breathing fast changes her heart rate in a certain way and that it produces a certain change in that special effect. She can choose to go back to this lesson as many times as necessary to understand the correlations.
After this lesson, she can continue to work with each of the remaining special effects using "Breathe Fast" and "Heart Rate." Further, she can go back and choose another "Physical Exercise" or "Mental Exercise." Yet further, she can choose to work with "Skin Resistance" rather than "Heart Rate."
For example, in another lesson, the subject can chose "Skin Resistance," the mental exercise, "Think of a Soft Touch," and "Design Effect #5" which strobes her image slower or faster and changes its color. When her skin response increases, a finger icon will appear with an arrow pointing upward. The effect turns pink and her image will strobe faster.
Since the changes in each special effect happens in real time (as her skin resistance changes her image changes) the effects can change rapidly or slowly depending upon her biorhythm trend. The icons continually keep her informed about the bio-rhythm trend. These visual changes reinforce the subject to make a conscious effort to change her bio-rhythms. She may like certain effects, such as the one associated with her heart rate increasing, or, she may just like the effects to change rapidly. In the latter case, she can alternately increases and decreases her heart rate. Thus, a biofeedback learning loop is provided.
For both Heart Rate and Skin Response, there can be 72 choices each. Each special effect can be used with any one of, for example, six physical exercises or any one of six mental exercises. For example, six (6) effects�twelve (12) exercises =seventh-two (72) choices. Thus, is the subject wishes to, she could learn to manipulate 144 special effects changes using her heart and skin bio-rhythms.
The final stage of the "Design Your Image" activity is "Express Yourself." In this branch, the subject uses both her heart rate and skin response activity and each controls its own special effect. The subject chooses the special effect she wants for her heart and the one she wants for her skin. She can use any of the mental or physical exercises to make changes in her bio-rhythms. Using the examples above, her heart can change a mirror effect, with movement and color; and her skin can change the effect in terms of strobe speed and color.
This "creative" part of the activity gives the subject freedom to play with the effects at will and for any length of time. She can go back and choose another set of effects for her pulse and skin response at any time.
To make a permanent creative record of her work, the video output can be taped as it is happening. To this end, a video recorder can be coupled to the video image signal when she stops to change to other special effects, the tape can be stopped. It is then resumed when she begins the next session so there is an uninterrupted sequence of imagery (manual control of the tape deck is necessary). This final video tape is her personal creative imaging piece which she can view at her pleasure in the future. It can also be used by the therapist to make therapeutic evaluations of the subject's progress.
There are two other activities that operate in a similar way so no detailed explanation is included here. These activities are "Composing Music" and "Painting With Lasers." "Composing Music" uses the MIDI interface 30. The subject preferably selects between three tunes and her bio-rhythms control what instruments play the tune. Her bio-rhythms are actually a "sequencer" since as many as six instruments could be activated to play at once using both pulse rate and skin resistance.
The output of the MIDI interface 30 also is output into the image processor 14. Bass tones from the MIDI interface 24 can cause certain special effects to change. Therefore, as the subject is listening and changing her bio-rhythms in view of the output of the MIDI interface 30, she also can watch the monitor 18 with changing special effects as well. Thus, a real multi-media environment working in real time is provided.
Another section of the "Making Music" activity is the digital sampling in of sound effects which the subject makes or chooses. She can play with these sound effects--change them or put them together--in a creative way. These sessions can be audio taped in the same way as video taping of the visual effects. If the facility in which the system 10 is in use has in-house editing, the audio can be dubbed onto her video imagery tape to mix the two medias.
"Painting With Lasers" provides six sinusoidal waveforms to choose from. Bio-rhythms change the form, color, rotation and movement of these waveforms. The sinusoidal waveforms can be projected onto a small insert screen where a prerecorded video tape of the subject's face is being displayed. If the subject music is dubbed onto the video tape, a real time, multi-media event takes place with this combining and overlapping of media.
For the therapist there are two sections which the subject may or may not participate in. The first is a separate "Editor" which allows the therapist to modify the activities to meet specific goals for an individual subject. If the subject has a certain behavior that the therapist feels is hindering the individual, she can modify an activity to reinforce a positive behavior.
In the "Editor," the therapist can type in simple statements (via prompts) which will alter the activity to operate in a specific way. For instance, she may ask that only certain video special effects be offered based on their design and color. She may want to limit a menu selection or change its sequence. She could write special prompts into the mental or physical exercises which she believes would most quickly change the subject's bio-rhythms.
There are hundreds of special effects that the therapist can work with, preferably only six are placed in the "Design Effects" for the subject to choose from. Similarly, the subject preferably picks from six tunes and six instruments, but the therapist can sample in all the tunes she wants and there are as many as 100 instrument sounds in a MIDI sound module. The "Editor" opens up the system to an unlimited variety of image and sound possibilities. The system is also open to other channels of biofeedback signals such as EMG, EEG, and EKG.
One further section is called "Graphs." This produces real time line graphics of the bio-rhythm trends. Icons of the heart and finger also appear as the bio-rhythm changes. This section is directed towards the therapist to make on the spot evaluations such as the pen charts on an electroencephalograph.
The primary user support would be therapists, doctors, psychologists and technical/medical assistants. These individuals would assist or direct a mentally retarded patient during his/her time with an activity. Typically, a mentally retarded individual would not be able to learn how to use the activities alone. However, after guidance, certain individuals could run the activities without much assistance. If they have severe physical handicaps, there are specialized menu selection hardware devices available on the market that can be incorporated into the described system.
Again, the goal of these activities is to offer individuals with severe developmental disabilities an opportunity to express themselves artistically and to encourage positive reinforcement of behavior. Typically, such individuals are not able to access traditional art making tools because of mental or physical handicaps. Yet, they still need a method of making creative choices and artistic statements about themselves. Through the use of bio-feedback, the therapist is able to provide a dynamic, positive learning opportunity for their patients.
In FIGS. 2-4, there is illustrated a program tree generally outlining the selections available to a subject and/or therapist during the course of operation of the system. This tree should enable one of ordinary skill in the art to readily understand the system structure of the computer program used to enable the subject to operate the sysetm 10.
While preferred embodiments have been shown, modifications and changes may become apparent to those skilled in the art which shall fall within the spirit and scope of the invention. It is intended that such modifications and changes be covered by the attached claims.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Oct 15, 1981
|Jul 24, 1984
|Self Regulation Systems, Inc.
|Self adjusting bio-feedback method and apparatus
|Jul 11, 1984
|Dec 30, 1986
|Leonard Bloom
|Biofeedback method and apparatus
|Oct 14, 1988
|Jan 8, 1991
|Hillsman Dean
|Metered dose inhaler biofeedback training and evaluation system
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Apr 25, 1994
|Feb 20, 1996
|Daum Electronic Gmbh
|Home trainer with biofeedback
|Apr 24, 1995
|Feb 24, 1998
|Fisslinger; Johannes
|Interactive computer assisted multi-media biofeedback system
|Jul 30, 1996
|Apr 21, 1998
|Gero; Jeffrey
|Biofeedback apparatus
|Oct 22, 1997
|Aug 4, 1998
|Porto; Jinny K.
|Multi-media computer-based method and device for self-improvement by metal stimulation
|Aug 15, 1997
|Oct 26, 1999
|Fuller Research Corporation
|System for generating output based on involuntary and voluntary user input without providing output information to induce user to alter involuntary input
|Nov 20, 1996
|May 23, 2000
|Ultramind International Limited
|Apparatus for monitoring a person's psycho-physiological condition
|Nov 9, 1998
|Aug 8, 2000
|Zaltman; Gerald
|Neuroimaging as a marketing tool
|Feb 26, 1998
|Aug 15, 2000
|Eastman Kodak Company
|System and method of managing a psychological state of an individual using images
|Oct 29, 1999
|Sep 25, 2001
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Management of physiological and psychological state of an individual using images personal image profiler
|Oct 29, 1999
|Oct 23, 2001
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Management of physiological and psychological state of an individual using images overall system
|Oct 29, 1999
|Oct 30, 2001
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Management of physiological and psychological state of an individual using images biometric analyzer
|Feb 24, 1998
|Nov 13, 2001
|Gerald Zaltman
|Metaphor elicitation technique with physiological function monitoring
|May 4, 2001
|Dec 3, 2002
|Music Of The Plants, Llp
|Electronic device to detect and direct biological microvariations in a living organism
|Oct 29, 1999
|Feb 18, 2003
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Management of physiological and psychological state of an individual using images portable biosensor device
|Oct 15, 1999
|Feb 18, 2003
|Kewazinga Corp.
|Navigable telepresence method and system utilizing an array of cameras
|Nov 14, 2000
|Mar 4, 2003
|Joseph A. Manico
|Management of physiological and psychological state of an individual using biophilic images
|Apr 1, 1999
|Mar 18, 2003
|Kewazinga Corp.
|Navigable telepresence method and system utilizing an array of cameras
|Nov 2, 1999
|Jun 29, 2004
|Microsoft Corporation
|Method and system for authoring a soundscape for a media application
|Oct 29, 1999
|Sep 28, 2004
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Management of physiological and psychological state of an individual using images therapeutic imaging classification system
|Feb 15, 2002
|Dec 28, 2004
|Jon R. Stabler
|Method of reducing stress
|May 5, 2000
|May 17, 2005
|Personics A/S
|Communication method and apparatus
|Jun 16, 2004
|May 2, 2006
|Microsoft Corporation
|Method and system for authoring a soundscape for a media application
|Jun 30, 2006
|Oct 21, 2008
|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
|Shockwave system and method for operation of such a shockwave system
|Mar 8, 2011
|Mcnabb Gary
|Method, system and apparatus for accessing, modulating, evoking, and entraining global bio-network influences for optimized self-organizing adaptive capacities
|Dec 21, 2012
|Apr 12, 2016
|Senstream, Inc.
|Biometric sensing and processing apparatus for mobile gaming, education, and wellness applications
|Feb 15, 2002
|Aug 15, 2002
|Stabler Jon R.
|Method of reducing stress
|Jun 16, 2004
|Nov 11, 2004
|Microsoft Corporation
|Method and system for authoring a soundscape for a media application
|Dec 27, 2004
|May 26, 2005
|Stabler Jon R.
|Method of reducing stress
|Aug 31, 2005
|Jan 25, 2007
|Sunnen Gerard V
|Poker training devices and games using the devices
|Jun 30, 2006
|Feb 15, 2007
|Gerhard Buchholtz
|Shockwave system and method for operation of such a shockwave system
|Sep 18, 2006
|Mar 22, 2007
|Stabler Jon R
|Method of reducing stress
|Nov 17, 2008
|Mar 26, 2009
|Stabler Jon R
|Method of reducing stress
|Mar 6, 2009
|Jan 6, 2011
|Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
|Modifying a psychophysiological state of a subject
|Jul 23, 2013
|May 22, 2014
|Kewazinga Corp.
|Navigable telepresence method and system utilizing an array of cameras
|May 31, 2008
|Nov 13, 2008
|Andersen, Markus
|Ger�t zur Steuerung von Computerabl�ufen durch Messung, Integration und Reaktion auf einen oder mehrere Vitalparameter
|Jul 20, 1998
|May 16, 2001
|George Coggins
|Physiological parameter monitoring and bio-feedback apparatus
|Oct 11, 1995
|May 30, 1996
|Wilhelm Hennl
|Device for acoustically affecting physical and psychic functions
|Nov 26, 1996
|Jun 12, 1997
|Mcgowan Chris S
|Myoelectric feedback system
|May 8, 1997
|Nov 13, 1997
|Card Guard Scientific Survival Ltd.
|Apparatus and method for remote spirometry
|Jun 18, 1998
|Feb 25, 1999
|Fuller Research Corporation
|Interactive computer system
|Jun 3, 1999
|Dec 16, 1999
|Music Of The Plants
|Electronic device to detect and direct biological microvariations in a living organism
|Mar 7, 2007
|Sep 13, 2007
|Finch Kenneth B
|Biological rhythm modification by compute unit and intelligent table
|U.S. Classification
|600/301, 600/500, 128/905
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Mar 31, 1997
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|May 8, 2001
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Oct 12, 2001
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Dec 18, 2001
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20011012


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Hard Drives
MaxTux wrote:
Hard drive brand is pretty much irrelevant: they all fail, sooner or later.
Agree. Beware of forum posters that have strong opinions that such-and-such drive brand is horrible. Unless what they are saying is backed by a long term study of 100,000+ drives, what they say is statistically meaningless. All drive manufacturers ship a few bad drives, just the same as all camera manufactures ship a few bad lenses.
What prevents the data loss is not a minuscule difference between the drive brand reliability, it's a good backup strategy .
Agree strongly. But you have to really think about details. Redundancy is easy (you need at be backing up to at least two different backup drives. With one of them preferably stored in a different location so you are protected from fire, flood, tornado, theft, etc. )
You also need to find an effective software solution. Drag-and-drop isn't it. You need to test your backup software. For starters, buy an empty drive and backup-and-restore your C: drive. The test isn't done until you are booted up and running on the 2nd drive. Alternatively, do you have everything you need to install all the software you use onto a brand new, factory fresh computer? Including any software that you downloaded? (Registration codes, etc.)
I only put Windows and my programs on my C: drive. All data goes on other drives. Data gets backed up several times a day. my C: drive only gets backed up when I've installed new programs.
Does your backup strategy protect you against subtle data corruption that you might not discover until you have gone through several cycles of backup? Do you have a strategy for detecting subtle data corruption?
You really need to think about details when implementing a good backup strategy.
Most cost-effective and reliable strategy is to use "raw" drives, not drives in USB enclosures and use external SATA to connect the drive to the computer.
One downside with this strategy is that raw drives often cost as much as drives in an enclosure these days. (Raw drives are rapidly becoming a niche retail market.) And SATA connectors aren't really designed to be connected-disconnected many times. But it can't be discounted--I use a combination of drives in enclosures and raw drives in a USB 3.0 dock.
(You will need a power source for the drive: any power unit from an old computer case will do nicely). If your desktop computer does not have an external SATA port, add a backplane connector, such as this:
Maybe. My$3,000 Dell Precision machine choked horribly when I tried using eSATA with one of those kinds of adapters. It was most decidedly not hot swappable plug-and-play: I needed to power down before attaching an eSATA drive. And again before detaching it. And drive letters on my internal drives had a tendency to change.
At least one DPReview reported that their Adobe software became deactivated when they plugged in an eSATA drive.
I am having better luck with USB 3.0. This is much faster than USB 2.0. and is plug-and-play with my computer. I use a PCI-E USB 3.0 card that came bundled with a Western Digital USB 3.0 external drive. I use a pair of WD USB 3.0 drives (one of which I store at my Mother's house), and an USB 3.0 dock for copying to a raw drive. (Supplemented by a Win XP computer that lives in my basement connected with Gigabit Ethernet that has four 1 TB drives which catches backups that run in the middle of the night. And a few more USB 2.0 drives that I rotate in-and-out of the mix.)
But e-SATA might work for you. e-SATA is faster than USB 3.0. If it works for you, then go for it. (But make sure that your first backup drive also supports USB 220.127.116.11, so you can fall back to that if e-SATA doesn't work for you.)
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Check Availability(216) 920-6594(888) 745-8947(216) 586-5880
Broadview Gardens
$530 - $590Contact for Availability
1907 Pleasantdale, Cleveland, OH 44109
- Lifestyles:
- College,
- Pet Friendly
Floor Plans & Pricing
Prices and availability subject to change without notice.
Apartment Features
- Cable Ready
- Ceiling Fan(s)
- Gas Range
- Internet Included
- Some Paid Utilities
- View
- Refrigerator
Special Features
- Pets
- Restrictions Apply Cats Allowed
Community Features
- Accepts Credit Card Payments
- Accepts Electronic Payments
- Emergency Maintenance
- Extra Storage
- High Speed Internet Access
- Laundry Facility
- Playground
- Public Transportation
- Wireless Internet Access
- Controlled Access
- On Site Maintenance
- On Site Management
- Pet Friendly
Additional Features
- Well-maintained suites
- ATT U-verse
- Sunny corner suites
- Some Utilities paid
- On-site laundry rooms
- Wall-to-wall carpeting
- Additional storage
- On RTA bus line
- Off-street parking
- Cable TV available
- Efficient gas heat
- Controlled access entry
- Blinds
- Professional 24 Hour Maintenance Team
- Professionally managed
- Ceiling Fan
- No Wax Tile Floors in Select Suites
- Courtyards
- Park-like setting
- BBQ and Picnic Areas
- Playground
- No Section 8
Ratings & Reviews
2 Reviews for Broadview Gardens
Sort by:
It meets my needs. A few issues, though, are doors that are hard to close and how the stove functions (2 pilot lights on stove top and unable to bake without smoke alarm going off).
Neighbors are loud and noisy. Paint is chipping. Terrible closet door.
What is a Certified Resident?
A resident who lives at the property and has completed a resident satisfaction survey.
Advertising properties provide a list of email addresses of its residents to Kingsley Associates, a third party market research firm, who then sends out the satisfaction survey to the residents. Properties may also conduct satisfaction surveys of its residents through other third party market research firms. In those cases, we will publish those survey responses as long as the questions conform to our standard survey format.
Because reviews are from Certified Residents, and are managed by a third party, you can feel confident that the feedback provided is accurate and trustworthy.
General Directions
From I-480, south on State Road; east on Brookpark Road. Then north (left) on Broadview Road. We are just ahead on the right. Please call for an appointment.


text:
Sunday, 31 July 2016
Last updated 1 day ago
Dec 17 2008 | 2:11pm ET
Aurarian Capital has delayed the launch but increased the planned size of its alternative energy lending fund. The firm expects to launch the fund in January.
The firm has also lined up a slate of institutional partners to serve on its advisory board, including Cargill, Emirates National Oil, Marathon Oil, Southern Methodist University, United Technologies, the University of Tennessee and the University of Utah.
The Aurarian Capital Clean Energy Asset-Based Lending Fund will make loans to alternative energy developers to finance the construction of power plants and biofuel refineries. Recent market turmoil has dried up traditional lending sources, and Aurarian has benefited with a larger pipeline of deals at advantageous terms. The firm's initial fundraising goal of $60 million to 80 million has increased as a result, and the fund now expects to launch with more than $100 million.
"The capital markets' general unwillingness to finance these new infrastructure projects, coupled with the focus on renewable energy by the current and incoming Presidential administrations, has led to a substantial supply demand imbalance," said Jason Gold, the CEO of Aurarian Capital."
Jul 8 2016 | 7:01pm ET
Recent market volatility has investors seeking greater insight into alternative...
Jul 25 2016 | 6:29pm ET
If you are compelled by stories of entrepreneurial vision & drive, or simply...
Jul 22 2016 | 8:44pm ET
When the press reports extraordinarily strong relative or risk-adjusted returns...


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TuffRider® Children's Trio Socks meet the young rider's need for comfort and support inside boots. Designed with extra stretch in opening for easy on/off, a reinforced heel and toe for durability and a cushioned sole for comfort. Set of three.
Fill your sock drawer with fun and color with the TuffRider® Print Socks Three-Pack. These fun boot socks are supportive, comfortable and durable in a resilient stretch blend with cushioned sole construction. One pair boasts fanciful flamingos, one pair has topsy-turvy sailboats and one races with galloping horses.
TuffRider® Neon Ventilated Socks feature breathable construction to keep your feet comfortable. In vivid colors that add punch to your wardrobe, these tall boot socks have a padded sole, reinforced toe and heel and bold branding.
The Under Armour® Pure Stretch Hipster features laser cut edges for a smooth and flattering fit. This tagless, comfortable Under Armour® underwear is made of super-soft stretch fabric and has a fuller back cut for coverage. Cotton gusset.
The Under Armour® Mid Sports Bra is made from double-layer moisture-wicking HeatGear® fabric with UA compression for mid-impact support. A pullover style bra with racer back and a soft elastic band for a secure fit.
The UA® Seamless Bra has soft, seamless construction that feels smooth against your skin. This sports bra features power rib support on the inner layer for extra stability.
The Woof Wear Bamboo Riding Sock Two-Pack is a great choice in foot comfort. Bamboo fibers naturally wick moisture and resist the growth of odor-causing bacteria and fungi, while providing a thermostatic effect to help regulate skin temperature. Perfect boot socks at any time of the year.
Sleek and slim, you'll love the bulk-free fit of Woof Wear Competition Socks inside your tall riding boots. They're made with light padding on the soles and elastic in the cuffs, ankles and insteps for security. Two pairs.
Noble Outfitters™ XtremeSoft Boot Socks-Over the Calf prevent discomfort and blisters with Ankle Shield padding. This moisture-wicking tall boot sock is designed just for riders, with extra cushioning in the footbed, breathable stretch mesh panels that fit smoothly inside riding boots and a non-binding Perfect Fit top that keeps them pulled up. Unisex.


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Community Cleanups
I Love A Clean San Diego is the go-to resource for beach and inland cleanups across San Diego County. We build awareness and invite the community's enthusiastic support. We've created a lot of momentum over the last sixty two years, bringing the best in all of us together for a lasting impact on our region. We are passion in action.
As with all of our volunteer events, we encourage you to bring your own reusable cleanup supplies—buckets, gloves and water bottles—though we'll have extras on hand, too. Each volunteer will need to have a signed waiver form, and volunteers under the age of 18 will need an additional parent/guardian signature.
Upcoming Events hosted by I Love A Clean San Diego:
Coastal Cleanup Day Packing Party
Mon. August 15th – Thurs. August 18th from 9am-4pm
ILACSD Office - 2508 Historic Decatur Rd.
Our annual Coastal Cleanup Day is drawing closer with registration opening August 1st for over 100 sites county-wide! In order to have all of the supplies ready for our site captains, we need your help assembling boxes with gloves, trash bags, and other supplies. This is a great teambuilding experience for coworkers, families, or anyone looking to help!
You can come in for a few hours or a full day if you please! Volunteer service forms will be available. If this interests you, please contact Lauren Short at firstname.lastname@example.com or 619-704-2772 to sign up!
Coastal Cleanup Day
Saturday, September 17th 9am-Noon
100+ Sites Countywide!
Registration opens August 1st
I Love A Clean San Diego invites you to save the date for the 32nd Annual Coastal Cleanup Day on September 17th! Join 8,000 volunteers for this countywide cleanup project as we beautify 100+ cleanup sites countywide. At last year's event, volunteers removed 190,000 pounds of debris and participated in beautification projects like invasive plant removal, trail building, painting, and planting. Registration will open on August 1 at CleanupDay.org. If you are interested in leading a site for Coastal Cleanup Day, please contact firstname.lastname@example.com.
When you register, consider taking the Bring Your Own (B.Y.O.) pledge, and make a commitment to bring at least one reusable cleanup item with you. Whether it's a plastic bucket to hold trash, work gloves or a reusable water bottle, you'll be able to help cut down on the amount of waste generated by such a large event. Each volunteer will need to have a signed waiver form (coming soon), and volunteers under the age of 18 will need an additional parent/guardian signature.
Tijuana River Action Month Cleanup
Saturday, October 1st 9am-Noon
Tijuana River Valley – exact location TBD
Register here!
Event Waiver
Join ILACSD and WiLDCOAST to celebrate Tijuana River Action Month on October 1st, 2016 from 9am-12noon! The Tijuana River Valley is a great location to show how much of an impact we can make when we work together. The trash that ends up in the river valley has traveled for miles and miles from inland areas. When the rain comes, that trash will travel even further to our oceans, affecting more than just the river valley. At last year's event, 106 volunteers collected over 5,620 pounds of trash and recycling! That's over 53 pounds per person! Come be a part of our amazing efforts in helping keep our oceans clean!
Beautify Chula Vista Day
Saturday, October 15th 8:30am-12pm
Memorial Day Park and Chula Vista Canyon
Mark your calendars for Saturday, October 15th from 8:30AM-12PM to help the City of Chula Vista and ILACSD celebrate Beautify Chula Vista Day! This event has two locations to choose from: Memorial Park and Chula Vista Canyon. Celebrating the 14th year of the event, we are looking to broaden our reach and impact in Chula Vista! Last year 721 volunteers picked up litter, painted out graffiti, and removed invasive plant species. The grand total of debris and trash removed last year was a staggering 14,320 pounds! Come help keep Chula Vista beautiful! For more information, visit www.BeautifyChulaVista.org.
Upcoming Events hosted by ILACSD partners:
Looking for additonal volunteer hours? Below are courtesy postings for events not coordinated by I Love A Clean San Diego. If you'd like to volunteer for these, please contact the person listed in the descriptions below, not ILACSD.
Check back soon!
Looking for independent volunteer projects?
If you would like to get started volunteering right away, check out volunteer programs like Adopt-A-Beach at www.AdoptSD.org, or check out our Storm Drain Stenciling program.


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Coal County OEM Director remembers OKC Bombing
Updated: 04/20/2016 - Oklahoma City, Okla. -- It's a day Oklahomans will never forget. The bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in downtown Oklahoma City happened 21 years ago.
Updated: 04/20/2016 - Oklahoma City, Okla. -- It's a day Oklahomans will never forget. The bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in downtown Oklahoma City happened 21 years ago.
Updated: 04/29/2016 - TEXOMA -- Road Closures
Posted: 04/17/2016 - GRAYSON COUNTY, Texas -- Starting Monday, TAPS is expected to resume operating transit services for the first time since January.
Updated: 04/18/2016 - GRAYSON COUNTY, Texas -- A Grayson County home is a total loss after it went up in flameson Sunday morning.
Updated: 04/18/2016 - PARIS, Texas -- Three people were taken to the hospital after a shooting outside a Paris nightclub Sunday morning.
Updated: 04/18/2016 - MARSHALL COUNTY, Okla. -- Authorities say four inmates escaped the Marshall County Jail on Sunday night.
Posted: 04/16/2016 - PONTOTOC COUNTY, Okla. -- Three children were injured after a two vehicle crash in Pontotoc County Saturday afternoon.
Posted: 04/16/2016 - MARSHALL COUNTY, Okla. -- Things just got a lot easier for drivers in Marshall and Bryan Counties. ODOT just reopened Highway 199.
Updated: 04/12/2016 - BRYAN COUNTY, Okla.-- A wildfire in Northwest Oklahoma is nearly contained, but not without the help of hundreds of firefighters including some from Texoma.
Updated: 04/13/2016 - BRYAN COUNTY, Okla. -- One woman was taken to the hospital Tuesday night after rolling her ATV in Colbert.
Posted: 04/11/2016 - SHERMAN, Texas -- Four people were taken to the hospital after a three vehicle crash in Sherman.
Updated: 04/11/2016 - GRAYSON COUNTY, Texas -- A new kitchen is on the way for Meals on Wheels Texoma thanks to a generous donation from a local company.
Updated: 04/11/2016 - MADILL, Okla. -- A Madill man is behind bars accused of arson.
Updated: 04/11/2016 - MADILL, Okla. -- Three people have been arrested after a teen was shot in Madill Saturday night.
Updated: 04/11/2016 - SHERMAN, Texas-- Sherman police are looking for the driver who hit and killed a man, and then fled the scene.
Updated: 04/11/2016 - DALLAS -- A federal official has identified a former FBI agent who later enlisted in the U.S. Air Force as the man who killed his commander at an air base in San Antonio before turning the gun on himself.
Posted: 04/09/2016 - DENISON, Texas -- A Colbert is dead after a single vehicle accident in Denison Saturday morning.
Updated: 04/05/2016 - GAINESVILLE, Texas -- The most patriotic town in America is kicking off Medal of Honor week with a new Wall of Honor.
Posted: 04/05/2016 - OKLAHOMA-- Southern Oklahoma school bond election results.
Updated: 04/04/2016 - DURANT, Okla. -- Baby Blair got to come home from the hospital Monday after having a heart transplant less than three months ago.
Posted: 04/03/2016 - JOHNSTON COUNTY, Okla. -- Troopers believe an Ardmore man was driving drunk when he rolled his car in Johnston County Sunday morning.
Posted: 04/02/2016 - COAL COUNTY, Okla.-- A Coal County man is facing first degree rape charges.
Posted: 04/02/2016 - COAL COUNTY, Okla. -- Troopers say inattention caused a man to roll his tractor trailer in Coal County Saturday morning.
Posted: 04/02/2016 - ARDMORE, Okla. -- A man jailed on drug charges after leading police on a chase through Ardmore.
Updated: 04/02/2016 - SHERMAN, Texas -- Things are booming in downtown Sherman.


text:
"It's ok, he saw it on the TV"
"It's ok, he saw it on the TV"
Aug 12, 2005 1:04PM PST
Gas is $2.70 a gallon, but watch out for tits in video games. Polygonal tits are ruining society. Good Morning America tipped me off that smoking is bad too, although I don't know who has money left over at the gas station to buy cigarettes. I guess if you have to walk there to buy cigarettes, it balances out the negative health effects.
"Maah, greatest generation, give us your money... greatest generation, give us the money... maaaah"
Thanks "liberal media"!
Gphoria is a gaming related example of how TV is letting us down. Here on the largely free internet, I never have to hear the Black Eyed Peas (famous for their hits "Best Buy" and "NBA"). While it is nice to see that looks are no longer so important in pop music, pissing yourself while lip syncing to a casio rapman drum beat is something anyone can do. Maybe she was pissing strategically to create publicity for her Gphoria appearance like Tom Cruise or the "Butterscotch Stallion" might do.
"Did you see that picture of Fergie pissing herself?"
-"Who? Oh yeah, I saw it last week, I have the internet."
No mention of piss pants on Gphoria when they have products to sell. If they were gonna get a band known from commercials they should've booked Coq Roq, those commercials kick ass. I want to eat chicken fries so I can rock more like them.
But I watched the whole show because I will watch anything having to do with video games, and I was working out to be more like my hero GWB. I was surprised to see Halo 2 get game of the year over GTA, what a tragedy. GTA is a great place you can go, a virtual world with awesomeness around every corner. Halo 2 is like Halo, except without fun pistol sniping, health, or shield free play. Instead you get to chase someone around with the "shower massage gun" shooting them in the back until they hide around a corner to magically replenish all their health and bitch at their mom about chocolate milk (that kid was robbed too). The graphics are worse than Halo 1 (live-itis, similar to port-itis) so they can get it on XBOX Live, a virtual world with real lag.
"They're shaping the market to fit the product, that XBOX Live! To hell with lag, I want Chicken Fries now!"
Cranky and I were also sad to see the star of G4, Morgan Webb, relegated to introducing game trailers. Her over exuberance and making love to the camera make me want to spend money.
"That can't be sweat, it is definitely piss"
I mentioned lots of products today.
- My prediction for Gphoria's "Online Moment of the Year 2010": Me, holding the Matrix for ransom, in "Transformers: the mmorpg".
Comments (1)
oh crapPosted: Aug 13, 2005 12:00AM PST by MissTypist
I am vegetarian but now even I want chicken fries!


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OVERWHELMED IT DEPARTMENTS LOOK NO FURTHER. With school districts moving to mobile, you can ensure software compliance, prevent hardware theft and do it all on a shoestring. Lifecycle management tools may not save the world, but they do allow you to monitor applications and licenses for mobile computers across an entire district, all from one location. IT staff can manage and install patches, keep inventory, enforce security configurations and may save your district thousands of dollars through a power management feature. Absolute Manage is for PCs and Macs including iPhones and iPads. Some customers have saved nearly 80 percent off their electric bill. Simple to install, it's even easier to operate. Check it out here.
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