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Contrary To Contrarian Claims, IPCC Temperature Projections Have Been Exceptionally Accurate
by Dana Nuccitelli, via Skeptical Science
There is a new myth circulating in the climate contrarian blogosphere and mainstream media that a figure presented in the "leaked" draft Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report shows that the planet has warmed less than previous IPCC report climate model simulations predicted.
Tamino at the Open Mind blog and Skeptical Science's own Alex C have done a nice job refuting this myth. We prefer not to post material from the draft unpublished IPCC report, so refer to those links if you would like to see the figure in question.
In this post we will evaluate this contrarian claim by comparing the global surface temperature projections from each of the first four IPCC reports to the subsequent observed temperature changes. We will see what the peer-reviewed scientific literature has to say on the subject, and show that not only have the IPCC surface temperature projections been remarkably accurate, but they have also performed much better than predictions made by climate contrarians (Figure 1).
Figure 1: IPCC temperature projections (red, pink, orange, green) and contrarian projections (blue and purple) vs. observed surface temperature changes (average of NASA GISS, NOAA NCDC, and HadCRUT4; black and red) for 1990 through 2012.
The IPCC First Assessment Report (FAR) was published in 1990. The FAR used simple global climate models to estimate changes in the global mean surface air temperature under various CO2 emissions scenarios. Details about the climate models used by the IPCC are provided in Chapter 6.6 of the report.
The IPCC FAR ran simulations using various emissions scenarios and climate models. The emissions scenarios included business as usual (BAU) and three other scenarios (B, C, D) in which global human greenhouse gas emissions began slowing in the year 2000. The FAR's projected BAU greenhouse gas (GHG) radiative forcing (global heat imbalance) in 2010 was approximately 3.5 Watts per square meter (W/m2). In the B, C, D scenarios, the projected 2011 forcing was nearly 3 W/m2. The actual GHG radiative forcing in 2011 was approximately 2.8 W/m2, so to this point, we're actually closer to the IPCC FAR's lower emissions scenarios.
As shown in Figure 2, the IPCC FAR ran simulations using models with climate sensitivities (the total amount of global surface warming in response to a doubling of atmospheric CO2, including amplifying and dampening feedbacks) corresponding to 1.5°C (low), 2.5°C (best), and 4.5°C (high). However, because climate scientists at the time believed a doubling of atmospheric CO2 would cause a larger global heat imbalance than today's estimates, the actual climate sensitivities were approximately 18% lower (for example, the 'Best' model sensitivity was actually closer to 2.1°C for doubled CO2).
Figure 2: IPCC FAR projected global warming in the BAU emissions scenario using climate models with equilibrium climate sensitivities of 1.3°C (low), 2.1°C (best), and 3.8°C (high) for doubled atmospheric CO2
Figure 3 accounts for the lower observed GHG emissions than in the IPCC BAU projection, and compares its 'Best' adjusted projection with the observed global surface warming since 1990.
Figure 3: IPCC FAR BAU global surface temperature projection adjusted to reflect observed GHG radiative forcings 1990-2011 (blue) vs. observed surface temperature changes (average of NASA GISS, NOAA NCDC, and HadCRUT4; red) for 1990 through 2012.
The IPCC FAR 'Best' BAU projected rate of warming from 1990 to 2012 was 0.25°C per decade. However, that was based on a scenario with higher emissions than actually occurred. When accounting for actual GHG emissions, the IPCC average 'Best' model projection of 0.2°C per decade is within the uncertainty range of the observed rate of warming (0.15 ± 0.08°C) per decade since 1990, though a bit higher than the central estimate.
The IPCC Second Assessment Report (SAR) was published in 1995, and improved on the FAR by including an estimate of the cooling effects of aerosols — particulates which block sunlight and thus have a net cooling effect on global temperatures. The SAR included various human emissions scenarios; so far its scenarios IS92a and b have been closest to actual emissions.
The SAR also maintained the "best estimate" equilibrium climate sensitivity used in the FAR of 2.5°C for a doubling of atmospheric CO2. However, as in the FAR, because climate scientists at the time believed a doubling of atmospheric CO2 would cause a larger global heat imbalance than current estimates, the actual "best estimate" model sensitivity was closer to 2.1°C for doubled CO2.
Using global climate models and the various IS92 emissions scenarios, the SAR projected the future average global surface temperature change to 2100 (Figure 4).
Figure 4: Projected global mean surface temperature changes from 1990 to 2100 for the full set of IS92 emission scenarios. A climate sensitivity of 2.12°C is assumed.
Figure 5 compares the IPCC SAR global surface warming projection for the most accurate emissions scenario (IS92a) to the observed surface warming from 1990 to 2012.
Figure 5: IPCC SAR Scenario IS92a global surface temperature projection (blue) vs. observed surface temperature changes (average of NASA GISS, NOAA NCDC, and HadCRUT4; red) for 1990 through 2012.
SAR Scorecard
The IPCC SAR IS92a projected rate of warming from 1990 to 2012 was 0.14°C per decade. This is within the uncertainty range of the observed rate of warming (0.15 ± 0.08°C) per decade since 1990, and very close to the central estimate.
The IPCC Third Assessment Report (TAR) was published in 2001, and included more complex global climate models and more overall model simulations than in the previous IPCC reports. The IS92 emissions scenarios used in the SAR were replaced by the IPCC Special Report on Emission Scenarios (SRES), which considered various possible future human development storylines.
The IPCC model projections of future warming based on the various SRES and human emissions only (both GHG warming and aerosol cooling, but no natural influences) are shown in Figure 6.
Figure 6: Historical human-caused global mean temperature change and future changes for the six illustrative SRES scenarios using a simple climate model. Also for comparison, following the same method, results are shown for IS92a. The dark blue shading represents the envelope of the full set of 35 SRES scenarios using the simple model ensemble mean results. The bars show the range of simple model results in 2100.
Thus far we are on track with the SRES A2 emissions path. Figure 7 compares the IPCC TAR projections under Scenario A2 with the observed global surface temperature change from 1990 through 2012.
Figure 7: IPCC TAR model projection for emissions Scenario A2 (blue) vs. observed surface temperature changes (average of NASA GISS, NOAA NCDC, and HadCRUT4; red) for 1990 through 2012.
TAR Scorecard
The IPCC TAR Scenario A2 projected rate of warming from 1990 to 2012 was 0.16°C per decade. This is within the uncertainty range of the observed rate of warming (0.15 ± 0.08°C) per decade since 1990, and very close to the central estimate.
In 2007, the IPCC published its Fourth Assessment Report (AR4). In the Working Group I (the physical basis) report, Chapter 8 was devoted to climate models and their evaluation. Section 8.2 discusses the advances in modeling between the TAR and AR4. Essentially, the models became more complex and incorporated more climate influences.
As in the TAR, AR4 used the SRES to project future warming under various possible GHG emissions scenarios. Figure 8 shows the projected change in global average surface temperature for the various SRES.
Figure 8: Solid lines are multi-model global averages of surface warming (relative to 1980–1999) for the SRES scenarios A2, A1B, and B1, shown as continuations of the 20th century simulations. Shading denotes the ±1 standard deviation range of individual model annual averages. The orange line is for the experiment where concentrations were held constant at year 2000 values. The grey bars at right indicate the best estimate (solid line within each bar) and the likely range assessed for the six SRES marker scenarios.
We can therefore again compare the Scenario A2 multi-model global surface warming projections to the observed warming, in this case since 2000, when the AR4 model simulations began (Figure 9).
Figure 9: IPCC AR4 multi-model projection for emissions Scenario A2 (blue) vs. observed surface temperature changes (average of NASA GISS, NOAA NCDC, and HadCRUT4; red) for 2000 through 2012.
The IPCC AR4 Scenario A2 projected rate of warming from 2000 to 2012 was 0.18°C per decade. This is within the uncertainty range of the observed rate of warming (0.06 ± 0.16°C) per decade since 2000, though the observed warming has likely been lower than the AR4 projection.
As we will show below, this is due to the preponderance of natural temperature influences being in the cooling direction since 2000, while the AR4 projection is consistent with the underlying human-caused warming trend.
IPCC Projections vs. Observed Warming Rates
Tamino at the Open Mind blog has also compared the rates of warming projected by the FAR, SAR, and TAR (estimated by linear regression) to the observed rate of warming in each global surface temperature dataset. The results are shown in Figure 10.
Figure 10: IPCC FAR (yellow) SAR (blue), and TAR (red) projected rates of warming vs. observations (black) from 1990 through 2012.
As this figure shows, even without accounting for the actual GHG emissions since 1990, the warming projections are consistent with the observations, within the margin of uncertainty.
Rahmstorf et al. (2012) Verify TAR and AR4 Accuracy
A paper published in Environmental Research Letters by Rahmstorf, Foster, and Cazenave (2012) applied the methodology of Foster and Rahmstorf (2011), using the statistical technique of multiple regression to filter out the influences of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and solar and volcanic activity from the global surface temperature data to evaluate the underlying long-term primarily human-caused trend. Figure 11 compares their results with and without the short-term noise from natural temperature influences (pink and red, respectively) to the IPCC TAR (blue) and AR4 (green) projections.
Figure 11: Observed annual global temperature, unadjusted (pink) and adjusted for short-term variations due to solar variability, volcanoes, and ENSO (red) as in Foster and Rahmstorf (2011). 12-month running averages are shown as well as linear trend lines, and compared to the scenarios of the IPCC (blue range and lines from the 2001 report, green from the 2007 report). Projections are aligned in the graph so that they start (in 1990 and 2000, respectively) on the linear trend line of the (adjusted) observational data.
TAR Scorecard
From 1990 through 2011, the Rahmstorf et al. unadjusted and adjusted trends in the observational data are 0.16 and 0.18°C per decade, respectively. Both are consistent with the IPCC TAR Scenario A2 projected rate of warming of approximately 0.16°C per decade.
AR4 Scorecard
From 2000 through 2011, the Rahmstorf et al. unadjusted and adjusted trends in the observational data are 0.06 and 0.16°C per decade, respectively. While the unadjusted trend is rather low as noted above, the adjusted, underlying human-caused global warming trend is consistent with the IPCC AR4 Scenario A2 projected rate of warming of approximately 0.18°C per decade.
Frame and Stone (2012) Verify FAR Accuracy
A paper published in Nature Climate Change, Frame and Stone (2012), sought to evaluate the FAR temperature projection accuracy by using a simple climate model to simulate the warming from 1990 through 2010 based on observed GHG and other global heat imbalance changes. Figure 12 shows their results. Since the FAR only projected temperature changes as a result of GHG changes, the light blue line (model-simulated warming in response to GHGs only) is the most applicable result.
Figure 12: Observed changes in global mean surface temperature over the 1990–2010 period from HadCRUT3 and GISTEMP (red) vs. FAR BAU best estimate (dark blue), vs. projections using a one-dimensional energy balance model (EBM) with the measured GHG radiative forcing since 1990 (light blue) and with the overall radiative forcing since 1990 (green). Natural variability from the ensemble of 587 21-year-long segments of control simulations (with constant external forcings) from 24 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 3 (CMIP3) climate models is shown in black and gray. From Frame and Stone (2012).
Not surprisingly, the Frame and Stone result is very similar to our evaluation of the FAR projections, finding that they accurately simulated the global surface temperature response to the increased greenhouse effect since 1990. The study also shows that the warming since 1990 cannot be explained by the Earth's natural temperature variability alone, because the warming (red) is outside of the range of natural variability (black and gray).
IPCC Trounces Contrarian Predictions
As shown above, the IPCC has thus far done remarkably well at predicting future global surface warming. The same cannot be said for the climate contrarians who criticize the IPCC and mainstream climate science predictions.
One year before the FAR was published, Richard Lindzen gave a talk at MIT in 1989 which we can use to reconstruct what his global temperature prediction might have looked like. In that speech, Lindzen remarked
"I would say, and I don't think I'm going out on a very big limb, that the data as we have it does not support a warming…I personally feel that the likelihood over the next century of greenhouse warming reaching magnitudes comparable to natural variability seems small"
The first statement in this quote referred to past temperatures — Lindzen did not believe the surface temperature record was accurate, and did not believe that the planet had warmed from 1880 to 1989 (in reality, global surface temperatures warmed approximately 0.5°C over that timeframe). The latter statement suggests that the planet's surface would not warm more than 0.2°C over the following century, which is approximately the range of natural variability. In reality, as Frame and Stone showed, the surface warming already exceeded natural variability two decades after Lindzen's MIT comments.
Climate contrarian geologist Don Easterbook has been predicting impending global cooling since 2000, based on expected changes in various oceanic cycles (including ENSO) and solar activity. Easterbrook made two specific temperature projections based on two possible scenarios. As shown in Figure 1, neither has fared well.
In 2009, Syun-Ichi Akasofu (geophysicist and director of the International Arctic Research Center at the University of Alaska-Fairbanks) released a paper which argued that the recent global warming is due to two factors: natural recovery from the Little Ice Age (LIA), and "the multi-decadal oscillation" (oceanic cycles). Based on this hypothesis, Akasofu predicted that global surface temperatures would cool between 2000 and 2035. Akasofu's prediction is the least wrong of the contrarian predictions examined here, but with a 0.02°C per decade cooling prediction between 2000 and 2012, has not matched the 0.06°C per decade warming trend, despite the fact that according to Foster and Rahmstorf, natural climate influences have had an approximately 0.1°C cooling effect since 2000.
John McLean is a data analyst and member of the climate contrarian group Australian Climate Science Coalition. He was lead author on McLean et al. (2009), which grossly overstates the influence of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on global temperatures. Based on the results of that paper, McLean predicted:
"it is likely that 2011 will be the coolest year since 1956 or even earlier"
In 1956, the average global surface temperature anomaly in the three datasets (NASA GISS, NOAA NCDC, and HadCRUT4) was -0.21°C. In 2010, the anomaly was 0.61°C. Therefore, McLean was predicting a greater than 0.8°C global surface cooling between 2010 and 2011. The largest year-to-year average global temperature change on record is less than 0.3°C, so this was a rather remarkable prediction, and not surprisingly turned out to be very wrong.
IPCC vs. Contrarians Scorecard
Figure 1 at the top of this post compares the four IPCC projections and the four contrarian predictions to the observed global surface temperature changes. We have given Lindzen the benefit of the doubt and not penalized him for denying the accuracy of the global surface temperature record in 1989. Our reconstruction of his prediction takes the natural variability of ENSO, the sun, and volcanic eruptions from Foster and Rahmstorf (2011) (with a 12-month running average) and adds a 0.02°C per decade linear warming trend. Note that this was not a specific prediciton made by Lindzen, but rather is our reconstruction based on his 1989 comments. All other predictions are as discussed above.
Not only has the IPCC done remarkably well in projecting future global surface temperature changes thus far, but it has also performed far better than the few climate contrarians who have put their money where their mouth is with their own predictions.
Conservative IPCC Errs on the Side of Least Drama
Although the IPCC climate models have performed remarkably well in projecting average global surface temperature warming thus far, Rahmstorf et al. (2012) found that the IPCC underestimated global average sea level rise since 1993 by 60%. Brysse et al. (2012) also found that the IPCC has tended to underestimate or failed to account for CO2 emissions, increased rainfall in already rainy areas, continental ice sheet melting, Arctic sea ice decline, and permafrost melting. Brysse et al. concludes that the on the whole the IPCC has been too conservative in its projections, "erring on the side of least drama" — in effect preferring to be wrong on the conservative side in order to avoid criticism.
Dana Nuccitelli is an environmental scientist at a private environmental consulting firm in the Sacramento, California area. This piece was originally published at Skeptical Science and was reprinted with permission.
21 Responses to Contrary To Contrarian Claims, IPCC Temperature Projections Have Been Exceptionally Accurate
Our choices today are between very bad and worse. I'm all for a positive outlook, but there has to be some basis for optimism. Otherwise, it becomes wishful thinking or delusion. I have seen no credible Strategic Plan or Roadmap that will allow us to ameliorate climate change given the restrictions we have on adding further CO2 to the atmosphere in the process.
I find it interesting that the climate science community is willing to generate environmental variable time series from thousands or millions of years ago, and extrapolate to the present and future. However, when it comes to generating time series of actions to reverse climate change, a polar opposite approach is used. Consider the past thirty years, since Hansen elevated the climate change alarm to a new level. We have a time series of thirty annual points of ZERO action taken to address climate change, yet we extrapolate super-exponentials into the future that will reverse climate change. The voluntary, democratic, free market approach to limiting emissions and other ameliorating practices has not worked, is not working, and, as far as I can see, will not work. There is zero evidence to the contrary!
Where are we now? According to Anderson (and others) there is sufficient man-made CO2 that has been added to the atmosphere to place us in the Extremely Dangerous regime. Not only will we be seeing a dramatic increase in what were once considered Extreme Events, both in frequency and magnitude, but there is increasing probability that some degree of runaway temperature will occur. That translates into the extinction of civilization before the end of this century.
We need to minimize the temperature increase in the near term. Practically, this requires eliminating CO2 emissions ASAP, and removing as much CO2 from the atmosphere ASAP. It probably also means some form of geo-engineering for the short term to minimize the temperature increase and 'quench' the self-sustaining positive feedback mechanisms that we are observing already.
So, what are our options today? Thirty years ago, had we had the awareness of today relative to climate change, we could have made a transition to renewables with modest discomfort. We had some CO2 concentration 'slack' in the atmosphere. Today, that no longer exists. So, if the voluntary approach I outlined above is not working, there are two generic choices. One is business as usual, which results in the loss of seven billion people by century's end. The other is some form of involuntary approach. In another post, I mentioned takeover by those who control the physical levers of power because that's the only group who has the ability to enforce the required level of changes. There is nothing the President or Congress could, or would, do to enable these draconian changes. They could not impose the type of rationing we had during WWII, or even more extreme, or double or triple the price of fuel. The electorate would not stand for it.
So, the only thing I see that gives us any chance is this assumption of power by those with the physical forces to impose it, and then imposition of the most draconian measures. As some posters have pointed out, this could result in the premature deaths of hundreds of millions of people. Well, in 1941, when the Germans invaded the USSR, it appeared they would reach Moscow in a month or two, and the game would be over. Stalin ordered troops to fight a series of delaying battles to forestall the advance. Even the troops knew they were being sacrificed, as later letters showed. Stalin was willing to sacrifice hundreds of thousands so that millions, or tens of millions, would survive. It worked. That's the position we are in today with respect to climate change. This is not something I am 'promoting'; this is the only lifeline I see at this point in time. If anyone sees a better option, please outline.
If a political candidate claims that his opponent sleeps with pigs, the opponent must take the time to prove that he does not, in fact, sleep with pigs.
Our likely future…
(anyone here seen this documentary?)
Along those lines, if Guy McPherson claims we are on the read to irreversible extinction due to unstoppable feedbacks, perhaps within a generation or two, must those with more optimistic views prove he is wrong?
I see what you're saying Superman1, but I also think the likelihood of individuals (or groups of individuals) who could essentially take over the control of (governments?) acting in a rational and responsible manner with all that power and control at their fingertips (as opposed to using it to their own ends) is – well I think the likelihood of that (based on my own observation of human behavior) is extremely….unlikely.
I'd rather take my chances with a corrupted democracy (like we have here in the U.S.) and hope we can turn the ship on climate change in the next decade or so as stronger climate effects possibly enable action over the interests of fossil fuel players at the federal and world level. JMHO…
In the middle of the 20th century, the global climate cooled over the short term. Carbon dioxide pollution is warming our planet over the long term. http://clmtr.lt/cb/nEp0fx
Social change is not the sort of phenomemom that is easily measured by linear means. It tends to remain relative invisible until it burst through when there is a critical mass. Glimpses of it from things like opinion polls and the data Joe has posted above on the decline of denier sites are indications of it. You will get a critical mass of demand for action over there, ME
This will demand some extreme 'creativity' from Mr Watts but I'm sure he is up to the task, ME
Hah, Watts' response (via Twitter) is that this post is a "Major fail" because it doesn't show the IPCC AR5 graphic referenced at the top of the post. The graphic that I explained I wasn't going to show because it's part of an in-process draft document, but linked to two sites where people can see it if they'd like.
Talk about a major fail, but that's pretty standard fare for Watts.
Unfortunately, as Superman so cogently argues, when and if it (popular awareness) arises (mass sentiment can also be diverted by the cunning into dead-ends like fascism, which is rearing its head again in austerity-ravaged Europe)it will almost certainly be too late. I'm all for optimism, as pessimism never achieved anything, but, as Superman says, when it becomes self-delusion then it turns toxic. Indeed those with the preponderance of the means of violence are going to take power sometime in any case, as societies crumble,so it could be construed as optimistic to hope that they might prove more enlightened than the current generation of political and business rulers who are, have been, and, I believe, will remain utterly useless.
I'd expect the pigs to vigorously deny it, also. They have their reputations to protect.
Yep, he is not bright but that gives an insight into that fascinating little cult, ME
Fascism and related are always a danger particularly when people have been sensitized to inequality and 'them and us'. They see a possibility of themselves becoming the new bosses. However, there are increasing numbers of well educated people who know it is the system that must be changed – how it plays out will probably vary by culture, ME
A waste of carbon.
Whenever I contemplate The Dunning-Kruger mob, and their congruence with the political Right, I always recall the eejit at High School who was of the Right because he imagined that the term denominated correctness, as in right and wrong, not having grasped the concept of 'Left' in any way. We were all 'Communists' in any case.
Excellent post.
2013 could well be the warmest on record. UAH lower troposphere temperatures have been so high lately that they had to rewrite the software and launch a 5.5 version that showed less warming. As they always do when temps get into record territory.
"hope we can turn the ship on climate change in the next decade or so". Hope has never, is not, and will never be a substitute for a credible Roadmap and Strategic Plan. How many data points do you need before you can conclude that this 'imperfect' voluntary democracy is not up to the job of addressing climate change, and never will be?
Observations appear in the lower quadrants of IPCC narrative. Okay. By 2015, if observations don't rise above 2012, then the IPCC narrative most closely followed is the lower one.
Is there a catastrophic end when the rise is at the lower end? Should not the upper end scenarios not be retired, and the forcings of CO2 be "settled" at the lower end of the ranges to-date?
2015 will be 27 years. Should be long enough if we really have a good handle on the science and observational techniques. So then we will really know what future we will face. So far it does not look like 6C and 6m of sea-rise, so our financial danger will be better than worse.
Thanks for your highly thoughful, informative and, of course, disturbing post. But yes, it seems to sum up our most basic situation at present. I've accepted your challenge of coming up with some better solution, but for now all I can do is ponder.
But like you I'd rather go down with my eyes open and accepting whatever the truth might reveal, than in delusion and denial.
Ridicule if you must, but I think we should look into closer contact with whomever is creating the crop circles…(and I conclude aliens, especially as two circles seemed to come in direct response to the Challenger's 1974 message, and I have seen no other even remotely plausible explanation for cc's).
Perhaps some measure of technological assistance might be available…(though whether truly intelligent aliens would actually help such a dangerous and intransigent sort of species as the enemy that is us is another matter entirely…)
Great post. Fact filled and informative.
It might be useful to observe that while the IPCC has been accurate with regard to temperature increases, they have consistently underestimated the consequences of those increases on sea level rise, draughts, fire, storm intensity etc,


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With financials rallying, my bullish calls are starting to net followers considerable wealth. One stock that investors are overly discounting is Charles Schwab (SCHW). In this article, I will run you through my DCF model on the company and then triangulate the result with an exit multiple calculation and a review of the fundamentals compared to TD Ameritrade (AMTD) and JPMorgan (JPM). While I find Schwab significantly undervalued, JPMorgan has an even more attractive "long case" going for it.
First, let's begin with an assumption about the top-line. Schwab finished FY 2011 with $4.7B in revenue, which represented a 10.4% gain off of the preceding year. I model growth trending from 12% to 3% over the next half decade or so.
Moving onto the cost-side of the equation, there are several items to consider: operating expenses, capital expenditures, and taxes. I model SG&A eating 60.5% of revenue versus 3.3% for capex. Taxes are estimated at 38% of adjusted EBIT (ie. excluding non-cash depreciation charges to keep this a pure operating model).
Taking a perpetual growth rate of 2.5% and discounting backwards by a WACC of 10% yields a fair value figure of $19.03, implying 33.5% upside. The market seems to be factoring in a WACC of 14% which is much too high for a company that has plenty of cash at hand. This just shows you the extent to which investors have irrationally blown up risk for financials.
All of this falls within the context of encouraging momentum:
Taking a look at 2011, you can see some of the metrics. We continue to grow whether it was brokerage accounts, new assets. The core up, a little bit over $80 billion, 145 total, but that does include a large clearing amount, which we always like to break out for you, because the revenue on it is much smaller.
Our client asset is approaching $1.7 billion at the end of the year. I think the last one is the one that we are most pleased about and that is hitting a record-client promoter score in our retail business, which, of course, is around 2/3 of the firm's revenue and 2/3 of the firm's earnings, hitting a record in December of 2011.
From a multiples perspective, Schwab is reasonable. It trades at a respective 20.1x and 16.8x past and forward earnings versus 17.2x and 14.6x for TD Ameritrade and 9.9x and 8.1x for JPMorgan. Assuming the multiple falls to 18x and management produces a conservative 2013 EPS of $1.04, the stock would hit $18.72 - close to my DCF result.
Consensus estimates for TD Ameritrade's EPS forecast that it will grow by 1.8% to $1.13 in 2012 and then by 18.6% and 22.4% in the following two years. Assuming a multiple of 18x and a conservative 2013 EPS of $1.31, the stock would hit $23.58, implying 21.2% upside. In my view, this securities broker is thus less attractive than its competitor. The Street nevertheless views the companies as equally attractive.
Consensus estimates for investment banking giant JPMorgan's EPS forecast that it will grow by 6.9% to $4.79 in 2012 and then by 15.2% and 9.8% in the following two years. Assuming a multiple of just 12x and a conservative 2013 EPS of $5.45, the stock would explode skyward by nearly 50%. Accordingly, I strongly recommend investing in the company as overzealous focus on the risk of financials dissipates.
Disclosure: I have no positions in any stocks mentioned, and no plans to initiate any positions within the next 72 hours.
Disclaimer: The distributor of this research report is not a licensed investment adviser or broker-dealer. Investors are cautioned to perform their own due diligence. We seek business relationships with all of the firms in our coverage, but research covered in this note is independent.


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Winter Sports Clinic with EMS
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Meet the staff of Eastern Mountain Sports and learn the essentials of snowshoeing and cross-country skiing on the Fruitlands fields. Equipment will be available to try so you can set out to practice these energetic winter sports on the Museum's hills and trails. Free with admission.
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a Wi-Fi based feature of the Nintendo 3DS, 3DSXL and 2DS handheld consoles where if one system comes within wireless range of another, data will automatically be exchanged. Many games and apps utilize this feature to provide the player with in-game bonuses and opponent challenges.
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Can hacked 3DS game files be used for Streetpass or online multiplayer?
Someone recently showed me that he had used Action Replay to gain impossible stats for custom fighters in Super Smash Bros for 3DS. This prevented him from uploading characters to the Wii U version of ...


text: Violence Erupts in Rome as Occupy Wall Street Goes GlobalMax Read10/15/11 1:11pmFiled to: Occupy Wall StreetRomeBucharestSarajevoLondonUnited KingdomItalyRomaniabosniaGermanyProtestsTear GasPoliceCopsbrutalityViolenceanarchistsTweetgFbTop1002EditInvite manuallyPromoteDismissUndismissHideShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalink Hundreds of thousands of people around the world marched on dozens of cities on Saturday, joining the Occupy Wall Street demonstrations against greed, inequality and everything else that's screwed up right now. Actually, it seems a little unfair to say that the world is joining Occupy Wall Street—some countries, like Spain, have had strong anti-inequality and anti-austerity movements for months now, so it's more like Occupy Wall Street was America joining the world—but either way, it's the global interest in the Zuccotti Park encampment (and its imitators nationwide) that spurred the October 15 marches. Click through the rest of the gallery for pictures from other Occupy marches, and news. If you were at a march today and have photos or stories to share, email us at firstname.lastname@example.com. Advertisement [Above, a young protester checks out police near the London Stock Exchange, where a group of around 500 people are currently kettled. Image via AP] Rome Italian police fired tear gas on protesters, some of whom allegedly "set fire to cars, broke shop and bank windows and clashed with officers" during the demonstrations. Authorities blame the violence on "hooded radicals known as 'black blocs' who'd infiltrated a crowd of as many as 100,000; apparently an Interior Ministry building caught fire. [Image via Manuel Parilla] Sponsored London Wikileaks' Julian Assange came to the London demonstration (along with around 500 other people), which set itself up in front of the London Stock Exchange and was promptly kettled by the Metropolitan police. [Image via AP] Zagreb Leslie Mestman sent us this photo of today's protests, taken at Ban Jelačić Square. Bucharest Protesters set up a banner reading "If you speak - you are placed in an enclosure" [Image via AP] Sarajevo Translation: "Good day for protest," top, and "What did bank do? The bank bankrupted!" bottom banner. [Image via AP] Advertisement Madrid Madrileños are, actually, old hands at this whole "occupation" business, having set up long-term encampments in their city (and across Spain) months ago. [Image via Gabriela Arreola] Tokyo There weren't many protesters in Tokyo, but there were plenty of security officials, seen here hiding in the bushes. [Image via Hiroko Tabuchi] Lisbon [Image via Jose Moreno] Berlin Some 4,000 protesters demonstrated in Berlin; another 5,000 marched in Frankfurt. [Image via Getty] Hong Kong [Image via Patrick Boehler] Stockholm [Image via Anders Pettersson] Melbourne [Image via Daniela Perez Nunez] Vienna The New York Times' Jim Roberts describes the Vienna protests as "mellow." [Image via tipster Karina Tischlinger] Toronto Thanks to Larissa, who sent us a bunch of photos from Toronto. Auckland A tipster sends us this photo from New Zealand, pointing out that the protests are "coinciding with the Rugby World Cup semi-finals." Bratislava Thanks to Marlena Bittner for the photo.Reply100 repliesLeave a reply


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About KME
KME is a global leader in the supply of customized specialty trucks and vehicles. Markets currently served include automotive, aviation, petro-chemical, industrial, energy, military, police and fire-rescue.
Learn more about KME
KME Fire and Rescue Division
KME manufactures a wide range of fire and rescue products for aviation, industrial, military, wildland and municipal customers. KME is the leader in sole source, custom built apparatus.
Learn more about the fire/rescue division
KME Fuel Delivery Division
KME has a long history of tank truck expertise. KME manufactures aircraft refuelers, fuel trucks, propane trucks, fracking tankers and a wide range of specialty tank trucks and service vehicles.
Learn more about the Fuel Delivery division


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- Anonymous
- England, Female, 18-24
- Novice Nomad
- 3 reviews
Very basic but that's what you expect for the money. Really impossible to get much sleep as they kids are running sound the house till 2am making noise then everyone is up around 6-7am shouting. If you want to party and collapse somewhere it's perfect but if you want sleep no ideal. Kim is lovely and it's very safe but you can't overlook the noise.
- Anonymous
- Australia, Male, 31-40
- Globetrotter
- 31 reviews
Room excellent, location excellent, family who run the place excellent, wifi excellent. Yay!
- Anonymous
- Spain, Female, 31-40
- Novice Nomad
- 3 reviews
I didnt really stay here. When I arrived, she didnt really have a room for me. She called someone else who took me to another guess house. It was ok, as it was cheap but I would have done with a bit less dirt. The sink had a leak.
Hostelworld Mobile Apps
Book on the go with the new Hostelworld mobile apps.


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Jobs in Clackamas, Oregon
Jobs in Clackamas, Oregon now hiring
Health insurance (medical, vision, Rx, and dental). Demonstrate initiative to develop objectives, strategies and exercise judgment, discretion and decision...Precertification Specialist
Successful completion of criminal background check and drug screen required. In line with these beliefs, employees are given substantial responsibility to...Records Management Analyst
Health insurance (medical, vision, Rx, and dental). Keep in mind we may use your responses to supplemental questions as a screening tool, without reviewing the...Patient Engagement Coordinator
Take appropriate action based off protocols and use critical thinking skills to escalate calls to appropriate parties when needed....Database Administrator II
Designs, implements, and maintains databases with respect to access methods, access time, batch processes, device allocation, validation checks, organization,...Chief Appraiser
Health insurance (medical, vision, Rx, and dental). If so, then I invite you to learn more about this exciting and challenging role....Outpatient Coding Specialist 2
Registered Health Information Administrator (RHIA), Registered Health Information Technician (RHIT), Certified Coding Specialist (CCS) through the American...Associate Systems Engineer
Join our Talent Network! Apply Share Share Opportunity via Email Refer. COTS hardware and software interoperability, new technologies assessments, statistical...Daypatient Coding Specialist 3
Registered Health Information Administrator (RHIA), Registered Health Information Technician (RHIT), Certified Coding Specialist (CCS) through the American...Part-Time Facilities Assistant
Strong attention to detail and good manual dexterity to work with small parts. Must be available Monday through Friday between the hours of 5:00 am to 5:00 pm....
Enjoy Talking on the Phone ---- USA (Newyork Listlux Classified)
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1000810008Start Working Today1000810008 USA (Newyork Listlux Classified)
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Clackamas, Oregon Top Stories
Beer Hall: Oregon Brewers Festival, Baileya s Barrel-Aged Beer Fest, and Roscoea s Oregon Beer Summit
Portland Metro Thursday Weather: Ready for the first seriously hot days in over a month?
Report: Oregon hospitals faring better as ranks of insured grow
Portland man who threatened to 'mow' down teachers with shotgun at a Tualatin Christian school sentenced
Details emerge after arrest in death of Oregon woman
Details emerge after arrest in death of Oregon woman
Time Spent Commuting
Average commute time to work from Clackamas, Oregon is 27 minutes compared to the national average of 26.4 minutes.


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Cross-Dressing China Cosplayer Caught
- Categories: Anime, News
- Date: Mar 3, 2016 03:25 JST
- Tags: China, Comparison, Cosplay, Crossdressing, Image Gallery, Teachers
The supposedly secret second life of one particular Chinese teacher has been exposed by his own student, revealing that the beautiful "Crome Moe" is actually a double-crossing cross-dresser, a rather common act that even popular models have happily been guilty of.
- Anonymous commented on April 6, 2016 01:20
If he has a feminine personality, as long as he's wearing those girl clothes and makeup I'd do him senseless.... More
- Anonymous commented on March 25, 2016 18:48
When in doubt, check throat, and yep, looks like it's a male. Seriously skilled though, nonsummerjack pales in comparison, and this guy didn't even change his gender.... More


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I'd be interested in hearing the thoughts of this board on investing during retirement. What would you recommend for the following situation? Retired couple, age 65, with the mortgage paid off and having $500,000 to invest, all in a taxable account. Social security income of $10K, currently spending $40/yr for living expenses, including taxes. Expected inflation of 3%/yr. How would you recommend they invest the $500,000?What I was aiming for here was someone needing to earn inflation plus 5% and not being able to tolerate much volatility. By my arithmetic, if the above couple averaged inflation plus 5%/yr, they would run out of money in 37 yrs, even without a bad investment year or unexpected expenses, so the assets I specified are a bit low. The real question I wanted was, can someone count on inflation plus 5%? If not, what can they count on earning, and how must they invest?
on faber...<and Rogers> I have moved to asian and commodities and uk equities more in the last couple of years <about 15% of total>
this is where I would leverage the house...probably with a reverse mortgage,to provide income for the lean times....otherwise, I dont see how they make it.....
I do not get the link through yahoo....sorry...go to the search machine....and look for "early retirement spreadsheet".....take the first result....and look at the right part down on that site!Stephan
Inflation plus 5% is a very lofty goal in this type of retirement situation IMHO. Especially if you consider that during bad years you are going to be selling a larger percent of your holdings to meet expneces forcing you to sell low. With volitility you probably need to average signficantly higher than 5%+inflation to actually get 5% plus inflation.
Roberts, wright and humming-hallo!There are a lot of things written about "safe"withdrawel-rates in Retirement.Motl. F. has an own section on this......but I find the following page-that basicly works upon the idea of "early" retirement quite conclusive: "retireearlyhomepage"History has obviously shown,that a 3% withdrawel-yearly adjusted for the respect.inflationrate is a "safe" rate in order to never run out of money.....if invested in at least 50% S+P 500 etc.....but look for yourself!You even might find,that the idea is for you....};>)Stephan


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Psychology. Owner Steve's Stair Rails, LLC. specializing in interior stair and railing installations. I started college on the GI Bill after serving 2 years in the US Army during the Viet Nam war. I spent my first two years at Burlington County Community College and then transferred to Stockton as a junior the very first year it opened. The college opened up in the old Mayflower Hotel on Tennessee Ave and the Boardwalk. The old hotel sat right on the boardwalk and a newer section referred to as the motel sat behind the hotel between Tennessee Ave and St.James Place. The hotel was used for both classes and student housing while the motel section was strictly housing. I believe classes were only held in the hotel for the first semester. The new campus in Pomona opened in time for the second semester.
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Mattawan, MI
Online Offers
Mattawan is a village suburb of Kalamazoo, in Antwerp Township, Van Buren County of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2000 census, the village population was 2,536.
The town was named after Matteawan (now Beacon, New York), a village on the Hudson River.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 4.1 square miles (10.7 km²), of which, 4.1 square miles (10.7 km²) of it is land and 0.04 square miles (0.1 km²) of it (0.48%) is water.


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Sites of the Week #118 - Ronin Giveaway Winners
- Sep 03, 2010
- fabiano
For this Sites of the Week, we're announcing the winners for the Ronin giveaway, check it out below! Also we have selected some great sites such as Quipsologies and Relogik. As usual we would love to hear from you, keep sending your suggestions to us and we will be more than happy to feature your site.
About Giveaway
Last week we lauched a giveaway from Ronin. And the 3 lifetime premium winners are:
- @thekevinjones
- @lloyd
- Francisco Frutuoso
Congratulation guys. We will get in touch to you soon! And if you're not one of the winners and want to know more about it, stay tunned on Twitter at @roninapp.
About Ronin
Ronin is an online invoicing and timetracking app geared specifically for freelance and small business designers, developers, photographers and creatives. You can easily set up projects, track tasks, send proposals, and invoices. You can even customize your estimates and invoices with HTML/CSS to get a custom look and feel that matches your brand and identity. Discover more at roninapp.com.
You can send me your suggestions via Twitter twitter.com/FabianoMe or twitter.com/abduzeedo, and include #abdz_sites in the message.
Webvanta - webvanta.com
Webvanta is a different kind of CMS, designed to help you work faster and smarter - no matter who you are.
Sensational Jobs - sensationaljobs.com
The Sensational Jobs board easily connects thousands of talented and creative web professionals with the world's best organizations.
Awesome - awesomejs.com
Awesome* is a small team of people who know their way around JavaScript. We keep things focused—only projects involving JavaScript—which means we have a keen sense for both the little details and the big picture.
check.fm - check.fm
Use check.fm to let people know you've arrived at your destination.
Quipsologies - underconsideration.com/quipsologies
Chronicling the most curious, creative, and notable projects, stories, and events of the graphic design industry on a daily basis. A division of UnderConsideration.
Edulender - edulender.com
EduLender compares interest rates on private student loan options.
Larissa Meek - Larissameek.com
I have over 9 years of experience designing for the web and consider myself a standards enthusiast with a passion for visual design. I am well versed in design trends and usability with a strong handle on CSS and HTML.
Monk - the-monk.com/
Crisp - woothemes.com
Designed by Tyler Galpin, and boasting all-new tumblog functionality with a quick publishing form on the dashboard Crisp is perfect for lazy bloggers who want a professional, slick looking site with Tumblr-like ease-of-use.
Sealight - woothemes.com
Sealight is a slick and colorful business theme that helps showcase your product/services using custom post types to highlight key features, testimonials and featured slides on the home page.


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Popeyes is engaging consumers with a social video contest asking fans to upload Instagram and Vine videos of themselves performing their own versions of Popeyes' theme song. Videos must be posted to the social networks with the hashtag #LoveThatChicken before the URLs are submitted to the Popeyes website. The site also lets contestants view other submissions and mix and match videos to create a chorus.
Full Story:MobileCommerceDaily.com


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Millbrae Jobs
Looking for jobs in Millbrae? Snagajob has great opportunities with the area's leading companies. And applying for Millbrae jobs has never been easier. Look at the job listings below, click on a job title that interests you and hit the "apply now" button. Part-time jobs, teen jobs, student jobs and summer jobs are now just a click away. Start your job search now.
Millbrae, CA Job Openings
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Rent Educating Students with Behavior Disorders 3rd edition today, or search our site for other textbooks by Michael S. Rosenberg. Every textbook comes with a 21-day "Any Reason" guarantee. Published by Pearson.
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ENFP on the Meyers-Briggs scale at the moment for those who are wondering. I feel like I waver back and forth between extrovert and introvert, but either ways I usually like and get along with most people.
By the way, my name is Sunil, not Reilly Parker. It's actually a really nerdy reference, all the bonus points if you get what it is :P
Other than that just spending time with the people closest to me. On my down time I also enjoy reading, taking road trips, and catching up on Netflix. More than anything else I love just hanging out with my friends, we could be doing nothing and still have a good time. My best friends and family are incredibly important to me.
Movies: Way too many favorites to list. Action, Adventure, Mystery, Comedies, Miyazaki, Tarantino, Kubrick I love 'em all.
Shows: I watch Game of Thrones, House of Cards, Parks and Rec (relationship goals: Andy & April), Cowboy Bebop, Doctor Who, Netflix Daredevil, and Jessica Jones, and a bunch of other stuff, but this pretty much sums up my tastes in shows.
Music: I mostly like rock (alt, indie, classic, etc.), but really I'll listen to anything good. I recently have been getting into house, trance, and EDM music.
Food: Just about anything. If it's good I'll eat it. If you're a foodie, you gotta show me the spots to hit up.
1. I'm a geek. I love comic books, video games, anime, manga, and the like.
2. The first thing is not at all private (come on where's the fun in that? :P)
In all seriousness, hooking up isn't my priority. I wouldn't mind making friends, but I'm on here primarily to find a serious relationship.
And if all else fails I hope to at least get some fun adventures out of this. No drama, No stress, No pressure.


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This business is not BBB accredited.
T & D Tree Farms LLC
Phone: (614) 864-7781 View Additional Phone Numbers 683 Mirandy Pl, Reynoldsburg, OH 43068 ! T & D Tree Farms LLC is Believed to Be Out of Business !
BBB Business Reviews may not be reproduced for sales or promotional purposes.
The sale of fruit and nut bearing trees between 2 feet and 8 feet in height with ornamental trees and bushes. Pruning, tree and bush diagnosis, tree evaluation, tree hazard evaluation, tree protection zone for construction, planting, fertilization, tree and bush herbicide/pesticide licensed applicator/sales.
BBB Accreditation
This business is not BBB accredited.
Businesses are under no obligation to seek BBB accreditation, and some businesses are not accredited because they have not sought BBB accreditation.
To be accredited by BBB, a business must apply for accreditation and BBB must determine that the business meets BBB accreditation standards, which include a commitment to make a good faith effort to resolve any consumer complaints. BBB Accredited Businesses must pay a fee for accreditation review/monitoring and for support of BBB services to the public.
Reason for Rating
BBB rating is based on 13 factors. Get the details about the factors considered.
Based on BBB files, this business has a BBB Rating of No Rating. The reason is as follows:
- This business has no rating because BBB has information indicating it is out of business.
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Customer Complaints Summary Read complaint details
|Complaint Type
|Total Closed Complaints
|Advertising/Sales Issues
|Billing/Collection Issues
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|Total Closed Complaints
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See Trends in Complaints on T & D Tree Farms LLC | View Complaints Summary by Resolution Pie Chart on T & D Tree Farms LLC Complaint Type Pie Chart: Overview
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Read Customer Reviews | Submit a Customer Review | See Trends in Customer Reviews on T & D Tree Farms LLC
Additional Information
Type of Entity
Limited Liability Company (LLC)
Business ManagementMr. Timothy Lee Dunn, Owner (Former)
Contact Information
Business Category
Tree Service Tree Service - Pruning Tree Service - Transplant Nurseries - Plants, Trees Arborist
Products & Services
T & D Tree Farms LLC sells the following brand(s): RAINBOW TREE CARE SCIENCE.
T & D Tree Farms LLC offers the following product(s): ORNAMENTAL TREES AND BUSHES. FRUIT AND NUT BEARING TREES.
Method(s) of PaymentCASH,CHECK
Refund and Exchange PolicyAll sales of trees and bushes are covered by a 1 year no-replacement cost provided the tree or bush was maintained in accordance with the instructions provided by the arborist at the time of sale or installation. Any deviation from the directions or after analysis, it is determined to not be the fault of the tree,bush or arborist, the warranty will become null and void.
Service AreaAll of Central Ohio to include a 14 county sweep around Franklin county.
Additional Information
This company offers trees, bushes, pest control,ornamental herbicide application and other ISA Certified Arborist services to consumers and businesses.
Out of Business
The widow of T & D Tree Farms, LLC Owner Timothy Dunn stated to BBB on Oct. 23, 2014, that Mr. Dunn passed away on Sept. 23, 2014 and the business would be closed through the settling of Mr. Dunn's estate.


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2014-06-10 06:17:00
Metro Networks, Inc.
(Gresham, OR) -- Police say a car driven by an 82-year-old man crashed into two houses in Gresham, but no one was injured. Authorities say the crashes did cause extensive damage at the homes in the four-thousand block of Southwest Fifth Street, shortly before 6:00 p.m. yesterday. The man told police he hit the gas pedal instead of the brake as he headed south on Nancy Drive toward Fifth.
Hide Comments
King Solomon Lane closed between Ferguson Road and King David. (7/25)
Jones Road, full road closure between Bennington Lane and NE Butler Market Road. May 18 – August 18, local access only.
Oregon State University off-site improvements for intersection reconstruction, July 11 – August 3, 7 a.m. – 4:30 p.m., at intersection of Chandler Avenue and Yates Drive.
Orion Drive closed in two locations for sewer work; at the intersection with Avery Lane and between Desert Woods Drive and King Hezekiah Way. From July 11 to Sept. 6. Detours marked.
Valhalla Sewer Relocation Project, Mt. Washington Drive at Shevlin Park Road intersection and North to Regency Street. Nighttime closures with detours marked during roundabout construction. Daytime closures for construction towards Regency Street. 7 p.m. – 7 a.m., July 11 – November.
R.A.B. Construction:
Murphy Road and Parrell Road closed with detours. (9/30)
Powell Butte Highway at Neff and Alfalfa Market Roads (8/31)
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Best Of :: People & Places
Hill was our pick last year when she wasn't even in high school. As an eighth-grader, she took Minneapolis South High School to the state tournament, claimed a spot on the Star Tribune's All-Metro team, and averaged more than 20 points per game. This year, she propelled South to an unbeaten season until the District finals, where her squad fell at the hands of Bloomington Kennedy, whose senior center, Jenna Smith, is taller, older, and perhaps a tad more talented than Hill is right now. But with three years of eligibility left, the looming legend of Tayler Hill as the state's greatest female high school baller is right on schedule. Having sprouted two inches to five-foot-ten, she's already got the height and quickness to be a legit college guard. She's also busy polishing all the facets of her game: She's equally adept at shooting the three-pointer or scoring off the dribble; dishing to an open teammate or using her size and range to procure steals in South's tenacious, trapping defense.
Walk into St. Paul's Turf Club one Sunday night a month, and you'll be treated to an old-timey hootenanny radio broadcast, the likes of which may have never taken place around these parts before. Reminiscent of flatbed-truck revival meetings hosted by Bob Wills and the Carter Family and/or Hank Williams's "Health and Happiness Show," the House of Mercy Band soars on a magic carpet ride of fiddle and acoustic guitar. (If it's a more staid definition of "acoustic" you're hankering for, there are several groovy coffeehouse pickers to be had.) The most frequently heard adjective used to describe the vibe of the HOM's monthly Sunday gig is "cozy," but that doesn't quite do it. Not when Satan is ever present, heathen guest stars abound, and the acoustic can sound like alchemy.
We were tempted to give this award to Zombie's House of Curiosities on University in St. Paul for its unparalleled kitsch value: It's a classic head shop that carries pipes, water bongs, throwing stars, and—in a back room—uproariously trashy smut. But then we stumbled across the Adult Only Superstore on Washington Avenue and our mouths hit the floor. It's a new store—so new as to have an unlisted phone number and, as of yet, no credit-card machine. But this smallish storefront business puts larger competitors to shame with its dazzling variety of merchandise. This is a connoisseur's sex shop, as evidenced by its impressive selection of '70s-era adult movies, many starring the brassy, lecherous Georgina Spelvin, who was 37 when she came to prominence as a performer, and looked it. Also on hand, scattered among the more mainstream products: nonfiction books about the early years of the adult industry, including a bio of Russ Meyers; copies of Found magazine's adult counterpart, Dirty Found; and number of tacky paperback books with garish illustrations on their covers and titles such as I'll Whip Your Ass and Serve Your Mistress. This is a store that evidently views erotica as an adventure, and a surprisingly fun one. After all, among their inflatable sex dolls is one called "Fatty Patty" and another, named "G.I.L.F," whose dubious pleasures we dare not describe.
Yeah, yeah, yeah, so we went with the obvious choice. (We were all ready to crown Prince's new best-of, Ultimate, when we found out its release had been delayed.) But there's something to be said for such an easy decision. The fact that we uncontrollably bob our heads whenever we find the duo in the "A"s of our iPod means they're doing something right. From Slug we get frank talk about the world's problems with drugs (people do them every day and once in a while there are serious consequences) and sex (the rapper's reaction to the rape and murder of an Atmosphere fan is caught in a mournful rumination on sex-offender laws that never once exploits the girl.) Ant's soul-soaked production draws more emotion from his partner's words, spiking the anger and amusement with found sound seemingly created just for them. Atmosphere has claimed this honor before, and who will flinch if they do it again? It's no big thing. They're just that good.
The under-21 music scene is as diverse as any other kind, with a host of small venues catering to young people—community centers, bars with all-ages nights, high school cafés. Yet only one club in town has shows every weekend without age or genre restrictions. Founded in 1999 with backing from the city of Burnsville, the Garage features live music Fridays and Saturdays between 6:15 p.m. and 11:30 p.m. (as well as Thursdays when school's out), and these events routinely fill a cafeteria-sized main room, with adjoining game rooms and lounges. (The organization hopes to expand further in 2008, possibly to include a recording studio, a skate park, or an indoor gym.) This black-lit hall is no minor circuit, either: Bands pass through here to become live legends (Crashing By Design, Down and Above, Screaming Mechanical Brain—formerly Screaming Monkey Boner) and sign with national labels (Four-Letter Lie on Victory, Quietdrive on Sony). Older acts ignore this generation at their peril, and miss out on the most energetic audience in town.
The atmosphere in the Franklin Community Library is jubilant. Children—when they aren't parked with a book in the children's pavilion, teen arena, or stairwell—are run-walking the short maze of the small library's recently renovated footprint, often forgetting to heed the "inside voices" rule. Or they're staring slack-jawed at the kids'-area computer screen in front of them, too heavily weighed down with enormous earphones to be running in and out of the reading rooms. In short, the brightly painted library is consistently bustling with kids and adults taking advantage of its more accessible offerings. Built in 1914, the city's oldest community library reopened in May after an extensive reconstruction effort. The original stone and masonry on the building's facade was restored, as were indoor architectural elements such as the millwork and wood shelving. The elevator—a relic of an earlier renovation—was moved to regain some of the elegance of the front entryway. It worked. Other changes, such as removing interior walls and adding large rooftop skylights, open the library and manage to make it feel more spacious and cozier at the same time. An addition at the rear of the building makes room for a staff lounge, a kitchen, and unglamorous things like the mechanical room and storage space. Near the front, works by local artists hang above fireplace mantles. Above all, Franklin lives up to its name as a community library, with people streaming in and out of the building at a steady pace, some filing to the new tutor and technology rooms, others reading soundlessly wherever they can nab a spot.


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Reviewed By Peter G (ASTORIA, OR) Reviewed for a 2004 Toyota 4Runner —7/3/2016 5:47 PM
Very well made. East to install. Fit my 2004 Toyota 4Runner perfectly.
Reviewed By Marie M (BEDFORD, VA) Reviewed for a 2003 Toyota Tacoma —6/9/2016 1:12 AM
Had on truck one weed was backed into hunting only thing happened was pushed back to grill no damage to grill or brush guard just pulled it back in place. The other truck had a lot of damage on dumper this is a great product


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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For the word, see Can (disambiguation).
|Look up CAN in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
CAN may refer to:
- Andean Community of Nations, a South American trade bloc with Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru
- Campus Antiwar Network, an American network of students opposing the occupation of Iraq
- Caja Navarra, a former savings banks in Navarre, Spain
- Chechnya Advocacy Network, an American non-government organization for Chechnya advocacy
- Christian Association of Nigeria, an umbrella organization containing numerous Christian denominations in Nigeria
- Climate Action Network, an international non-governmental network to limit human-induced climate change
- Corporate Angel Network, an American non-profit organization that arranges free air travel for cancer patients
- Cricket Association of Nepal, governing body of Nepali cricket
- Cult Awareness Network, an American organization operated by the Church of Scientology
- Cure Autism Now, a former American organization for autism advocacy
- Cycling Advocates' Network, a New Zealand cycling advocacy group
Science and medicine[edit]
- CAN (gene), a human gene
- Calcium ammonium nitrate, a fertilizer
- Ceric ammonium nitrate, an inorganic compound
- Chronic allograft nephropathy, the leading cause of kidney transplant failure
- Campus area network or corporate area network, a computer network in a limited geographical area
- Cancel character, a precision control character in the C0 control code set
- CAN bus, controller area network bus, a type of microcontroller bus designed for vehicles
- Content addressable network, a distributed hash table for P2P
- Can (band), a German experimental rock band
- CAN, a South Korean band
- Canada (ISO country code, IOC code), a country in North America
- Coupe d'Afrique des Nations (CAN) or Africa Cup of Nations, an association football competition in Africa
- Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport (IATA airport code), the main airport in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
|This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title CAN.
If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.


text:
Co-Sourcing Improves Pharmaceutical Laboratory Productivity
Researchers Now Have a Myriad of...
Loss of Lives in Clinical Trials...
Keep the Opportunities, Lose the Opportunists
Mallinckrodt is buying CNS Therapeutics for about $100 million. The acquired firm is focused on the development and commercialization of pharmaceuticals for site-specific delivery to the central nervous system, for the treatment of neurological disorders and intractable cancer pain. Its FDA-approved product, Gablofen® (baclofen injection) is a branded AP-rated generic Lioresal® Intrathecal (baclofen injection) for the treatment of spasticity.
"This acquisition supports our strategy of leveraging our therapeutic expertise and our core capabilities in manufacturing, regulatory, and commercialization to serve patients," comments Mark Trudeau, Mallinckrodt president for pharmaceuticals. "CNS Therapeutics' marketed product line complements our branded portfolio. Their central nervous system and pain management products in development complement our pipeline and address an important need for patients."
Mallinckrodt is the pharmaceuticals business of healthcare products provider Covidien, which specializes in products for diagnostic procedures and the treatment of pain and related conditions. In December 2011 Covidien announced plans to spin off the firm as a stand-alone company. The move is expected to be completed during mid-2013.
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MDMA (commonly known as the empathogen "ecstasy") is classified as a Schedule 1 drug, which is reserved for compounds with no accepted medical use and a high abuse potential. Two researchers from Stanford, however, call for a rigorous scientific exploration of MDMA's effects to identify precisely how the drug works, the data from which could be used to develop therapeutic compounds.Do you agree that ecstasy should be studied for its potential therapeutic benefits?
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text:
Iraq - Telecoms, Mobile and Broadband
- February 2016
- Region: Iraq
- 31 Pages
- Paul Budde Communication Pty Ltd
- Asiacell
- Korek Telecom
- Newroz Telecom
- Regional Telecom.
- Zain Iraq
Future opportunities in Iraq's telecoms market once civil unrest stabilises
Iraq's telecommunications sector began on a positive note in 2015 with the roll-out of 3G services by the three major mobile operators Zain Iraq, Asiacell and Korek Telecom. In addition it was indicated by the Iraqi Commission for Media and Communications (CMC) that a proposal for 4G LTE license allocation would be put forward to the government in the near future. Prior to the current civil tension; 4G LTE had been deployed in some areas of Iraq by Fastlink (Regional Telecom) and there was also a progressive fibre optic deployment occurring across parts of Iraq.
While the introduction of 3G was certainly a step forward for Iraq this was offset by the introduction of new taxes which saw both the prices of Internet and mobile top-up cards increased by 20% as part of austerity measures by the Iraq government.
Iraq's economy faces continued pressure from the costs of financing war as well as the humanitarian costs related to the millions of displaced and destitute people. Iraq is also heavily dependent on oil prices which have recently declined. These demands on Iraq's economy does not bode well for significant investment in the telecoms sector - especially when at some point there will need to be finances directed towards the rebuilding of infrastructure that has been destroyed or damaged.
Overall, the ongoing civil conflict has created a challenging environment for operators in Iraq with the destruction of infrastructure, fluctuating subscriber bases and resulting revenue declines all adding significant pressure.
However in the longer term - the Iraq telecoms market offers many opportunities once the civil unrest stabilises and the government and operators are able to focus again on telecoms and digital growth. It has a large population of mobile phone users which have not yet adopted mobile broadband at any significant levels and it has recently launched 3G services with an intention to adopt 4G LTE in the future. Iraq has also traditionally supported the deployment or fibre infrastructure which will create a strong backbone for telecoms growth in Iraq. The younger and well educated population have demonstrated a keen interest in utilising video streaming, social media and potentially e-commerce and e-banking services in the future.
Key telecom parameters 2012; 2015
Sector | 2012 | 2015
Subscribers to telecoms services (million): (e)
Fixed Broadband | 0.15 | 0.25
Fixed-line telephony | 1.87 | 1.98
Mobile phone | 27.76 | 33.00
(Source: BuddeComm based on ITU)
Notes: 1Data for 2015 is estimated only as ongoing civil conflict has reportedly caused damage to Iraq's infrastructure and the extent is as yet unclear.
Key developments:
The mobile market has grown rapidly in Iraq since services were first introduced in 2004. This is due to the lack of fixed-line services and inherent popularity of mobile communication services. Mobile subscriptions are predominantly prepaid.
Affordability is an ongoing issue in Iraq and in 2015 a tax levy of 20% was added across the board to mobile and Internet services as part of Iraq's austerity measures.
Zain Iraq and Asia cell have both launched an IPO, as required as part of their license agreement and Korek Telecom is still required to do so.
Some mobile network sites are currently unavailable due to seizure by rebel forces and the operators are concentrating their efforts on maintaining services at the sites they are able to readily access.
Overall the current security situation is an impediment to telecommunications development in Iraq but there are positive signs for the future once stability has been reached.
Companies mentioned in this report:
Iraqi Telephone and Postal Company (ITPC), Newroz Telecom, Asiacell, Zain Iraq, Korek Telecom, Regional Telecom. SHOW LESS READ MORE >
- Asiacell
- Korek Telecom
- Newroz Telecom
- Regional Telecom.
- Zain Iraq
1. Executive summary
2. Key statistics
2.1 Country overview
3. Telecommunications market
3.1 Recent developments
3.2 Historical overview
3.3 Market overview
4. Regulatory environment
4.1 Historic overview
4.2 Regulatory authority
4.3 Telecom sector liberalisation in Iraq
4.3.1 Wireless Local Loop licences
5. Fixed network operator in Iraq
5.1 Iraqi Telephone and Postal Company (ITPC)
6. Telecommunications infrastructure
6.1 Overview of the national telecom network
6.2 International infrastructure
6.2.1 Submarine cable networks
6.2.2 Satellite networks
7. Smart infrastructure
7.1 Smart grids
8. Broadband access market
8.1 Overview
8.1.1 Internet statistics
8.2 Fibre-to-the-Premises (FttP) and Fibre-To-The-Home (FttH)
8.3 Satellite broadband
9. Other fixed broadband services
9.1 Fixed wireless (WiFi and WiMAX)
9.1.2 WiMAX
10. Digital economy
10.1 Introduction
10.2 e-Commerce
10.3 e-Banking
10.4 e-Government
10.5 e-Health
10.6 e-Education
11. Digital media
11.1 Videostreaming
11.2 Social media
11.2.1 Introduction
11.2.2 Statistical information
11.3 Communications: VoIP, messaging, conferencing
12. Mobile communications
12.1 Market analysis
12.1.1 Mobile statistics
12.2 Mobile subscriber forecasts
12.2.1 Scenario 1 higher growth
12.2.2 Scenario 2 lower growth
12.3 Regulatory issues
12.3.1 Temporary mobile licences awarded in 2003
12.3.2 Permanent licences awarded in 2007
12.3.3 Fourth mobile licence
12.4 Mobile infrastructure
12.4.3 Satellite mobile
12.5 Major mobile operators
12.5.1 Asiacell Communications
12.5.2 Zain Iraq (formerly MTC Atheer)
12.5.3 Korek Telecom
12.5.4 Regional Telecom / Fastlink
12.6 Mobile data
12.6.1 Mobile Messaging
12.6.2 Mobile Internet access
12.7 Mobile content and applications
12.8 m-banking
12.9 m-TV
12.10 Apps
13. Related reports
Table 1 Country statistics - Iraq 2015
Table 2 Telephone network statistics Iraq - 2015
Table 3 Internet user statistics Iraq - 2015
Table 4 Mobile statistics Iraq - 2015
Table 5 National telecommunications authorities
Table 6 GDP growth and inflation 2006 - 2015
Table 7 Fixed lines in service and teledensity - 1990 - 2015
Table 8 Internet user penetration and estimates 2001 - 2015
Table 9 Fixed broadband subscribers 2006 - 2015
Table 10 International Internet bandwidth 2005 - 2013
Table 11 Household PC penetration 2008 - 2015
Table 12 - Facebook stats for Iraq and the Middle East as at July 2015
Table 13 Mobile subscribers and penetration rate 2002 - 2015
Table 14 Mobile operator market shares 2004 Q2 2015
Table 15 Forecast mobile subscribers higher growth scenario 2020; 2025
Table 16 Forecast mobile subscribers lower growth scenario 2020; 2025
Table 17 Asiacell financial data (including ARPU) 2006 2014
Table 18 Asiacell subscribers 2006 - 2015
Table 19 Zain Iraq financial data 2006 1H 2015
Table 20 Zain Iraq mobile subscribers 2006 Q2 2015
Table 21 Zain Iraq prepaid subscribers 2006 - 2014
Table 22 Korek Telecom subscribers 2011 - 2014
Table 23 Zain total daily data volume 2010 - 2014
Exhibit 1 Background information - Orascom Telecom Iraq Corporation/Iraqna
Iraqi Telephone and Postal Company (ITPC)
Newroz Telecom
Zain Iraq
Korek Telecom
Regional Telecom.


text:
LOL thumbnails. LOL I can't seem to embed this video. LOL, please click here because we're friends.
LOL thumbnails. LOL I can't seem to embed this video. LOL, please click here because we're friends.
I'm turning 40 next month. I suppose the idea of bidding final farewell to my thirties ought to furrow my brow a little, but it doesn't. Maybe it's because I've had 39 years and 11 months to prepare for it. Maybe it's because I survived my husband's 40th freak-out earlier this year. Or maybe it's because 40 finally feels like I'm coming into my own.
Forty is a lot of things to a lot of people, but to me, 40 is:
When I gave up my full-time job to become a stay-at-home mom, part of me felt like I deserved it. I'd been at the same demanding job for 14 years. I'd placed two precious infants in daycare. I'd been a mom for more than a decade with too few precious moments to show for it. […][Continue reading...]
Dearest Daughter, You might not know this, but I've spent most of my life wishing for you. From the time I was a child, I diligently cared for my baby girl dolls with all the love and attention a mother could give. As I imagined my life as a wife and a mom, the someday […][Continue reading...]
Three days into summer vacation and my kids are already bored. Apparently 42.8% of one week is all it takes to eat all the "good" food, catch up on the DVR, and tire of video games. Did my kids think I had some kind of not bummer summer in the works? Did they assume […][Continue reading...]
Today I watched my son cross the stage in his 8th grade promotion ceremony. Dressed sharp in a charcoal vest and tie, he took to the field of his new high school seven inches taller and immeasurably wiser than the once-timid kid nearly swallowed whole by 7th grade. Junior high wasn't easy on any of […][Continue reading...]
When I was in high school, pagers were the ultimate status symbol. Clipped to your hip, a beeper told the world you were in demand. And everyone wanted one. Well, everyone except me. Because as cool as the Motorola Bravo ever was, the idea of my mom blowing up my beeper would never be. And […][Continue reading...]
"Can I see your ID?" the cashier asked as two bottles of Merlot made their way down the conveyor belt. "Of course!" I exclaimed with entirely too much enthusiasm. "Oh, you're almost 40," she remarked. As I nodded and braced myself for a pity compliment on good aging, she pointed to my kids. "How old […][Continue reading...]
It's 4 AM and we just returned home from a Vegas turnaround — with our kids. To go to a rock concert — with our kids. And you know what? It was the best time ever. It wasn't long ago that a trip like this was completely out of the question. We were parents of little ones […][Continue reading...]
Driving home from freshman orientation, my teenage son says nothing. Sprawled out in the passenger seat, bangs covering his eyes, he fidgets with the automatic window. "So, high school … it seems pretty cool, right?" I insist. "I guess," he shrugs, as he stares out the open window. "High school's going to be a lot […][Continue reading...]


text:
Lotus Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (LTUS.OB) is "One to Watch"Feb. 10, 2011 • QualityStocks
Lotus Pharmaceuticals – A Recap of a Impressive Business Plan or The Building of a Money Machine.Feb. 9, 2011 • Guildcrantz • 10 Comments
The Impending Flight of Reverse-Merger Chinese Companies and How American Investors Will SufferOct. 13, 2010 • The Deliberate Investor • 8 Comments
Are all chinese microcaps the same? Part I.Oct. 3, 2010 • Anton Akhmonen
A Line in the Sand for US-Listed Chinese CompaniesSep. 13, 2010 • The Deliberate Investor • 3 Comments
Betting The Pharm - Lotus Pharmaceuticals - LTUS.obJun. 26, 2010 • Guildcrantz • 16 Comments
Can Lotus Solve Liquidity Issues?Aug. 27, 2009 • The GeoTeam
Rally is unsustainableJul. 23, 2009 • djn21
Instablogs are blogs which are instantly set up and networked within the Seeking Alpha community. Instablog posts are not selected, edited or screened by Seeking Alpha editors, in contrast to contributors' articles.
Company Description
Lotus Pharmaceuticals is both a licensed manufacturer and distributor of pharmaceutical products in the People's Republic of China. Its principal manufactured products are prescription medicines, including Valsartan, used to reduce hypertension and high blood pressure; Brimonidine Tartrate, a... More
Sector: Healthcare
Industry: Drugs - Generic
Country: China
Other News & PR
See More »


text:
I always follow my granpappy's adage "A hole's a hole, long as you're out before daylight."
Woman is the [seven words you can't say on TV] of the world.
I hope she gets released soon, if only so Charles can sleep with her and stop posting these sophomoric school-boy rants.
Yeah, Ziggity, like she'd sleep with Charles. Geez, get real here. Thanks for the laugh, though.
charles you make me want to puke.
Quick this young, good looking woman is in trouble! Where is Nancy Grace? Well at least Charles is in charge.
Pshh... the last thing the US should be doing right now is scrutinizing other country's judicial systems.
Dear Charles,
You're embarrassing yourself.
Dude. This is orders of magnitude more creepy and stalkerish than any of your other posts about Amanda Knox, including the feature where you went to Perugia.
Reading her diary? Check.
Posting a big, closeup picture? Check.
Cataloguing her sex partners? Check.
Posting an excerpt that talks about her desire for a boyfriend? Check.
Ending it all with the deeply misogynist line, "She is a hole that only knows how to be a hole" ? Check.
Seriously, Charles, this is fucked up.
This is pathetic and embarassing.
I like it.
Maybe she can commit suicide or OD in prison and Charles can follow her Sid and Nancy style.
If she didn't always sound so out of touch with reality and downright spooky, I'd feel sorry for her. But something tells me she has herself to blame for her situation.
she may be an ass but she is no assassin. she's a murdered. what a dumbass.
she may be an ass but she is no assassin. she's a murderer. what a d-bag.
35 Suitors wrote to her after her arrest? So...Charles has 34 other men to compete against?
the media is being ridiculous. i don't think she did it.
and why the hell are we still talking about her myspace nickname "foxy knoxy?" get over it.
Meh, everyone's too caught up in this. Guess what! It's not your business! Leave the poor girl and her diary alone
Amanda Knox is not, almost by definition, what you imagine her to be. You can write a thousand of these posts attempting to circumscribe her, to stick a pin in the significance of her, and you will never ever be right. Each of these posts is about you and your mind, not her.
Comments Closed
Comments are closed on this post.


text:
New to CicLAvia? Here are some things you need to know for August 14:
- CicLAvia is FREE!
- CicLAvia lasts from 9 AM until 4 PM
- CicLAvia closes streets to car traffic and opens them for people to walk, skate, bike, play, and explore parts of Los Angeles.
- CicLAvia is not a race! There's no starting point or finish line – begin where you like and enjoy the day your way.
- CicLAvia traffic flows in two directions, just like regular traffic. Check out some more safety tips.


text:
Yahoo has introduced "Search for a Cause," which was designed to support effort during October's Breast Cancer Awareness month. Search for a Cause is a SearchMonkey app that directs affiliate commissions for popular shopping sites to Susan G. Komen for the Cure.
For every searcher who uses the app, Yahoo will donate $1, up to $25,000.
Related reading
What the evolution of search can teach marketers about digital transformation
For years, search engines have proved themselves as the gateway to the web, an entry point to the content of webpages people wanted to read.
Four key digital transformation trends you must pay attention to right now
Last week ClickZ Intelligence held its webinar on The What, Why and How of Digital Transformation in association with Marketo.
Google launches imported call conversions
If the internet killed the phone call, the smartphone has revived it.
Will Pokémon GO become a marketing platform for local businesses?
Nintendo's Pokémon Go, a free augmented reality (AR) mobile game, is on fire.


text:
The goal of this event is to create conversations that provide necessary information to help indiviiduals to preserve their families and be able to address the unique challenges that affect them. This will be a premier forum for women & men to be open and honest about their experiences and the challenges of raising and leading a family as a single parent. or as a grandparent. Grandparents,men and women panesl and guest speakers will participate.
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7/21/2016Jonathan Newton, 3L & SBA President, In News For Activism, Leadership
8/8/2016 » 8/17/2016First Year Student Orientation (8/8 - 8/17)
8/17/2016Community Service Fair
8/30/2016Mini Bar Debriefing: Class of 2018 (FT)
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UDC David A. Clarke School of Law
4340 Connecticut Ave NW
(Mailing: 4200 Connecticut Ave NW)
Washington, DC 20008
Phone: (202) 274-7400
Fax: (202) 274-5583
Connect with the School of Law


text:
Top Definition
This is a insult you use to people who carry out really dumb actions. Use this insult sarcasticly!
Someone (Wise Duck) that tries to shave their beard with a electric meat knife, not thinking of the consequences ie total annihilation of the wind pipe!
by Weetz August 29, 2006
Trending Now


text: Close Dale Jr.'s Top 12 Career Moments 0 0 More 0 0 0 View Gallery Next Previous Next Karl Ronstrom/Reuters The Return to Daytona Dale Earnhardt Jr.'s winless streak was at 107 and counting after he finished a disappointing 21st at Michigan on June 19. While Junior Nation waits for him to end the skid, here's a rundown of his top 12 career moments. Less than five months after Dale Earnhardt Sr. died in a crash during the Daytona 500, Junior won the Pepsi 400 in NASCAR's return to Daytona International Speedway. Junior led 116 of the 160 laps, taking the lead for good four laps from the end. Afterward, an emotional Junior said of his father, "He was with me tonight." 1|12 Fred Vuich/SI; Marc Serota/Reuters Winning the Daytona 500 With President George W. Bush in attendance, Junior won NASCAR's biggest race six years to the day after his father picked up his lone Daytona 500 victory. Junior held off a pass attempt by Tony Stewart midway through the final lap, and then pulled away through turns 3 and 4 for a comfortable margin of victory. 2|12 John Raoux/AP Winning his 2nd Daytona 500 NASCAR's most popular driver had to wait out a rain delay of more than six hours, then a chaotic close to end a 55-race drought dating back to 2012. His breakthrough win came at Daytona International Speedway, where he'd finished second in three of the previous four 500s and won "The Great American Race" a decade ago. 3|12 Richard Drew/AP Becoming Mr. Popular Junior Nation officially took over NASCAR at the end of the 2003 season when Junior won the Most Popular Driver Award for the first time. He has held the honor every season since -- eight years and counting -- and will probably maintain a stranglehold on the award until he retires. Despite his struggles in recent years, Junior continues to be by far the driving force in NASCAR. 4|12 Chuck Burton/AP Winning the All-Star Race Junior became the first NASCAR Cup rookie to win the annual All-Star Race at Charlotte Motor Speedway, passing defending series champion Dale Jarrett with two laps to go. His father joined him in Victory Lane for a raucous celebration. In 2009, fans voted Junior's All-Star victory as one of the 12 greatest moments in the 50-year history of Charlotte Motor Speedway. 5|12 Glenn Smith/AP; ASP/Cal Sport Media Putting No. 3 Back in Victory Lane Junior paid tribute to his father at the 2010 Nationwide Series race at Daytona with a car that was adorned in the blue-and-yellow Wrangler paint scheme that the elder Earnhardt used in the early 1980s, complete with the familiar No. 3 on the side. He honored his father's memory the best way possible, by winning the race. Said Junior afterward, "With that number and that car, nothing but a win would have been good enough." 6|12 Chuck Burton/AP Taking his Talents to Hendrick Motorsports In what had to be a difficult decision, Junior parted ways with the race team his father founded, Dale Earnhardt Inc., to join the mighty Hendrick Motorsports operation beginning in 2008. He started off well with Hendrick, winning the preseason Bud Shootout and a Daytona 500 qualifying race, but managed only one victory in a points race that season before going winless in both 2009 and 2010. 7|12 Donna McWilliam/AP The First Victory Junior won his first NASCAR Cup race in only the seventh start of his rookie season, and he did so in dominating fashion. Junior led 106 of 334 laps at Texas Motor Speedway and beat runner-up Jeff Burton to the finish line by nearly six seconds. He picked up his second career victory a month later at Richmond International Raceway. 8|12 Dave Martin/AP A Four-peat at Talladega Talladega Superspeedway was transformed into Dale-adega during a four-race span from 2001-03. Junior became the first driver to win four consecutive Cup races at Talladega, and only the second driver to win as many as three in a row at the track. He nearly made it five straight in September but finished second to DEI teammate Michael Waltrip. 9|12 Wilfredo Lee, Amy E. Conn/AP Back-to-Back Championships Junior burst onto the NASCAR scene in the late 1990s by winning consecutive championships in the Busch Series (now known as the Nationwide Series). He won seven times in 1998 and nipped Matt Kenseth by 48 points for the title. He followed that up with six victories in 1999 and a 280-point margin over second-place Jeff Green in the final standings. 10|12 Worth Canoy/Icon SMI A Bristol Sweep Only two of Junior's first 12 Cup victories occurred on tracks of less than 1 mile in distance, and he was not considered to be a great short-track racer. But in 2004 he became the first driver in NASCAR history to have a weekend sweep of the Busch/Nationwide and Cup races at the half-mile Bristol Motor Speedway. Following the Cup victory Junior declared, "This is one of the biggest wins of my career." 11|12 Worth Canoy/Icon SMI Winning After 9/11 Like most of the sports world, NASCAR postponed its events that were scheduled for the weekend after the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks. When racing resumed the following week at Dover International Speedway, Junior thrilled the crowd with his second victory of the season. He held an American flag out the window of his car while taking a victory lap around the track. 12|12 Next up Racing Junior has never been a stranger to the racing circuit, captured here as a six-year-old atop a camper at the 1981 Richmond 400. 40 Classic Photos of Dale Earnhardt Jr. February 24, 2014 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 More Recommended Galleries Racing In the very first 500-mile race, Ray Harroun gave the automotive industry one of its greatest safety innovations when he rigged a mirror above the dashboard of his race car so he could see oncoming traffic. By doing so, he did not have to use a "riding mechanic," which gave him an advantage in the race. Though he still needed a relief driver, Harroun was in the cockpit for the last part of the race and drove to a 1:43.00 margin of victory over Ralph Mulford. Harroun retired after the race, claiming 500 miles was "too long." "It's too dangerous," he said. 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