text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Apr 30, 2002
|Filing date
|Mar 31, 1999
|Priority date
|Mar 31, 1999
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Uwe Paul Schroeder, Gerhard Kunkel, Alois Gutmann, Bruno Spuler
|Original Assignee
|Infineon Technologies Ag
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (17), Referenced by (28), Classifications (10), Legal Events (9)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
1. Technical Field
This disclosure relates to photolithography in the field of integrated circuit manufacture, and more particularly to a method for improving the etch resistance of photoresists used in such photolithography.
2. Background of Related Art
Photolithography is a commonly used technique in the manufacture of integrated circuits for use in computers and other such applications. In photolithography a photoresist layer is formed on a substrate such as, for example, a silicon wafer. The photoresist is then covered with a mask containing a pattern, in transparent and opaque areas, which is intended to be etched onto the substrate. The mask is then exposed to actinic radiation, such as ultraviolet light (UV), X-ray, electron beam, and the like, which is transmitted through the transparent areas of the mask to cause a chemical reaction in corresponding regions of the photoresist. In a negative type photoresist the radiation impacted areas of the photoresist become insoluble in a developing solvent. For example, the radiation can initiate cross-linking, chain growth, photocondensation, or other such reaction to cause a chemical change in the photoresist. In a positive type photoresist the radiation impacted areas become more soluble in a developing solvent. For example, the radiation can cause photodegradation of the photoresist molecular structure. After radiation exposure the photoresist is developed by exposure to the developing solvent which washes away the soluble portions of the photoresist to leave a pattern. After this patterning step an etching process is conducted wherein the substrate is exposed to an acid, for example in a wet etch process, or an ion beam, for example in a dry etch process. The areas of the substrate covered by the remaining photoresist remain unetched. Finally, the remaining photoresist is removed by a suitable solvent or other conventional removal methods, leaving the substrate with a pattern etched therein.
In order to develop more powerful microprocessors, more electronic components must be put into the chip. Since the physical area of the chip is limited this means that the patterns etched into the substrate must become finer with higher resolution. At the present state of technology the patterns are of such fineness that the wavelengths of light used to expose the photoresist have become an important factor, the shorter wavelengths producing a higher resolution image.
Another factor is the thickness of the photoresist layer. The thinner the photoresist, the sharper the image. However, as the photoresist becomes thinner it becomes less able to withstand the etching process.
A method is provided herein for producing a photolithographic structure. The method includes (a) providing a photoresist having a base resin containing protected active sites which upon deprotection provide reactive sites and a photoactive component which is responsive to actinic radiation; (b) applying the photoresist to a substrate; (c) exposing selectively patterned areas of said photoresist to an effective dose of said electromagnetic radiation; (d) exposing said photoresist to a developing agent to create a patterned photoresist; then (e) deprotecting protected active sites of the base resin to provide reactive sites; then (f) reacting the reactive sites resulting from step (e) with an etch protectant containing a silylating agent to incorporate the etch protectant into the structure of the base resin; and, (g) etching the substrate.
The method described herein advantageously improves the etch resistance of the photoresist while maintaining the sensitivity of the photoresist to the patterning radiation.
Various embodiments are described herein below with reference to the drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a structure after a step of a method in accordance with this disclosure;
FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the structure after a further step of a method in accordance with this disclosure;
FIG. 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the structure after a further step of a method in accordance with this disclosure; and,
FIG. 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the structure after a further step of a method in accordance with this disclosure.
The etch-resistant photoresist system described herein includes a photoresist that is well-structurable and responds to electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength below about 2500 Å. An etch protectant is employed to react with the photoresist after development to increase its etch resistance.
More particularly, the photoresist can be a positive or negative photoresist. The photoresist includes a base resin and a photoactive component (i.e., a photoacid generator) and is usually provided in the form of a solution of the base resin and photoactive component in a suitable solvent. Imagewise exposure of the photoresist to actinic radiation (e.g., UV radiation, X-rays, or electron beam radiation) through a mask releases acid from the photoacid generator in the exposed areas of the photoresist. With negative photoresists the exposed areas become less soluble in a developing solvent, for example by cross-linking of the polymer chains of the base resin. With positive photoresists the exposed areas become more soluble, for example by degradation or the formation of more soluble groups on the molecular chain. Aromatic groups tend to block transmission of UV radiation, especially at shorter wavelengths. Hence, for use with 2000 Å to 2500 Å UV radiation the base resin should have a reduced amount of aromatic groups ranging from 0% to about 20% by weight of aromatic content. For use with UV radiation having wavelengths of less than 2000 Å the base resin in the photoresist should contain substantially no aromatic groups.
The base resin includes active sites, or groups, which initially are protected by protecting groups which, in a later deprotecting step of the process herein, are removed. This process is catalyzed by the presence of photoacid and is generally used to provide higher base solubility of the exposed regions of the photoresist. The deprotection mechanism can also be used to generate reactive sites for further reaction. Useful reactive groups include hydroxyl (—OH), carboxyl (—COOH), mercapto (—SH), amino (—NH2), alkylamino (—NHR), imino (—NH—), formyl (—CHO), sulfo (—SO3H), an phosphono (—P(O) (OH)2). Hydroxyl and carboxyl are preferred. The active sites can be protected with a suitable blocking agent having protecting groups. Suitable protecting groups include, e.g., benzyloxycarbonyl, trifluoroacetyl, benzyl ester, t-butyl ester, N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, and the like. A preferred blocking agent for the method described herein includes tert-butoxycarbonyl groups (t-BOC).
By way of example, the base resin for the positive or negative photoresist can be selected from polyhydroxystyrene, polymethylmethacrylate, poly(t-butyl)methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylphenol, polynorbonene, poly(p-formyl)oxystyrene, poly(t-butoxycarbonyloxystyrene), polyvinylpyrrolidone, polymethylisoprenylketone, phenolformaldehyde polymers, melamine-formaldehyde polymers, and copolymers, blends and derivatives of these resins. Examples of commercially example positive photoresists include M20G available from JSR Co. of Japan and UV2HS available from Shipley Co. An example of a commercially available negative photoresist is UVN30 available from Shipley Co.
Photoactive components include photoacid generators such as, for example, diaryliodonium salts, triarylsulfonium salts, and substituted aryldiazonium salts, the salts having counterions such as tetrafluoborate, hexafluoroantimonate, hexafluoroarsenate and hexafluorophosphate. Other photoacid generators are halomethanes, trichlorotriazine, �-naphthol, nitrobenzaldehyde and polyvinylchloride. The photoresist may include additional substances used in conventional resist formulations. These additional substances may include, for example, additional polymers, sensitizers, crosslinking agents, speed enhancers, flexibility enhancers, adhesion enhancers, heat resistance enhancers, and surfactants. Such components are well known in the art. Examples of sensitizers are diazoquinones such as naphthoquinone-(1,2)-diazide sulfonic acid esters, and particularly the 5-sulfonic acid ester of diazonaphthoquinone. Formulated photoresists and photoresist components are widely available from commercial suppliers.
The actinic radiation employed is preferably short wave ultraviolet light having a wavelength of about 2480 Å and more preferably far ultraviolet having a wavelength less than about 2000 Å (e.g., 1930 Å UV). Also useful are X-rays (having a wavelength below about 100 Å, and electron beam radiation.
The method of the present invention is performed according the following steps.
The photoresist is applied to a substrate such as silicon in a conventional manner. Usually, the photoresist solution is applied to a silicon wafer, which is then spun to distribute the photoresist in the form of an even layer over the wafer. The photoresist is then mildly heated to about 100� C. drive off the solvent. The preferred thickness of the photoresist layer is preferably no more than about 1 micron, preferably no more than about 0.8 microns, more preferably no more than about 0.5 microns, and most preferably no more than about 0.3 microns. FIG. 1 illustrates a photoresist layer 2 deposited on a silicon wafer substrate 1.
The photoresist is then patterned as follows. First, the photoresist is masked. The mask can contain lines and other features within a resolution of less than 1.0 micron, preferably less than 0.5 micron, and more preferably less than 0.3 micron. Then the photoresist is exposed to the electromagnetic radiation through the pattern of the mask at a sufficient dose level of radiation, typically from about 50 to about 200 mJ/cm2. Next, the photoresist is patterned by exposure to a developing agent. An example of a suitable developing solution is an aqueous solution of developer AZ 400K (available from Hoechst AG) and ammonia. The photoresist is then dried under mild heating.
After development, the patterned photoresist is subjected to a deprotection step to expose the active sites of the base resin for reacting with the etch protectant. The deprotection is accomplished by flood exposure of the patterned photoresist to deep UV radiation (below 2500 Å) followed by a heat treatment, or baking step. The dosage of UV can be, for example, from about 20 mJ/cm2 to about 50mJ/cm2, although other dosages can also be used as deemed suitable. Under deep UV radiation, acid is generated from the photoacid component of the composition. The acid, in turn, deprotects the base resin during the heat treatment by exposing the active groups (e.g. hydroxyl, carboxyl, etc.). The exposed active groups thus become available for reaction with the etch protectant, and the latter, following reaction with the active groups, become chemically integrated into the polymeric structure of the base resin. The heat activation which achieves deprotection is conducted at a temperature of from about 100� C. to about 150� C. and for a duration of time ranging from about 1 minute to about 5 minutes. FIG. 2 illustrates the patterned photoresist at this stage of the process having patterned structures 3 on substrate 1.
Next the photoresist is treated with an etch protectant, which can be a reactive gas or in the form of a solution prepared by dissolving a reactive etch protectant in a suitable solvent such as hexanol. The etch protectant includes a silylating agent having one or more functional groups capable of reacting with the deprotected active groups of the base resin to bond the silylating agent to the base resin. Preferred silylating agents can be selected from the group consisting of silicon tetrachloride, silicon tetrafluoride, trimethylchlorosilane, trichlorosilane, dimethylchlorosilane, and hexamethyldisilazane. Other suitable silylating agents are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,707,783 which is herein incorporated by reference. The silylating agent provides increased etch resistance by contributing silicon to the photoresist structure.
Referring now to FIG. 3, the patterned photoresist structures 3 include chemically modified surface regions 4 in which silicon is incorporated. The surface regions 4 possess greater etch resistance than unmodified regions.
The photoresist and substrate are then subjected to a known etching process such as wet etching or, preferably, plasma etching. Wet etching is usually accomplished with acid etchants such as hydrofluoric acid. However, wet etching is not suitable for etching lines and spaces of less than about 3 microns because it is an isotropic process. That is, the etching also proceeds laterally through the substrate, thereby undercutting the photoresist. This may cause the polymer photoresist to swell or lift off.
Plasma etching is preferred because it can be performed anisotropically, leaving sharper edge profiles. Plasma etching can be accomplished with oxygen-containing etch gas. FIG. 4 illustrates the substrate 1, having trenches 5 etched therein.
As noted above, plasma etching also can degrade the photoresist. However, silylated photoresists are more resistant to plasma etching. Silylation is particularly advantageous for imparting etch resistance to the photoresist wherein oxygen plasma is used. For example, photoresist silylated in accordance with the method described herein exhibit an etch rate in oxygen plasma of less than 45% of the etch rates of unsilylated photoresists. Hence, silylated photoresists can be formed into thinner layers, which also can produce sharper images.
Treatment with the reactant also causes a swelling of the resist structure. Swelling, due to the reactant treatment, can be an additional, positive benefit, in that it provides a controllable growth layer that creates an etching reserve due to the greater layer thickness. Thus, the resist can be structured in a thin layer with good resolution, and can be thickened with the reactant up to an adequate etch resistance. Also, the photomask can be set to a negative bias towards the target size of the printed structure. By deliberately overexposing the photoresist and adding silicon the final target size of the printed structure can be achieved. This procedure provides a greater flexibility in the process procedures.
The following Example is provided to illustrate the present invention.
A silicon wafer is coated with shipley UV2HS photoresist to a depth of 7380A. The coated wafer is then baked at 140� C. for 60 seconds to harden the resist. Selected areas of the photoresist are then exposed to 2480A UV radiation by means of a NIKON EXX 248 nm Excimer Laser Step & Scan exposure tool. The photoresist is then developed to remove the exposed areas of the photoresist. The wafer with imaged and developed photoresist is then treated by flood exposure of the photoresist to 2480A UV radiation at a dosage of 20 mJ/cm2. Next the photoresist is treated with hexamethyldisilazane vapor at 100� C. for 60 seconds to silylate the photoresist. Then etching of the wafer by conventional means is performed for 30 seconds in an oxygen containing plasma (100 sscm Ar, 7 sscm 02) to provide an etched silicon wafer.
It will be understood that various modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein. Therefore, the above description should not be construed as limiting, but merely as exemplifications of preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art will envision other modifications within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
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|Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft
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|Clariant Finance (Bvi) Limited
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|International Business Machines Corporation
|Method of creating patterned multilayer films for use in the production of semiconductor circuits and systems
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|EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY (a New Jersey corporation)
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|Francis Ko
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|Klaus Elian
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|Jorg Rottstegge
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|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
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|U.S. Classification
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|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Mar 31, 1999
Owner name: SIEMENS MICROELECTRONICS, INC., CALIFORNIA
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text:
Originally written on Fox Sports South | Last updated 8/29/14
SAN ANTONIO - APRIL 06: Center Tina Charles #31 of the Connecticut Huskies celebrates while cutting down the net after a 53-47 win against the Stanford Cardinal during the NCAA Women's Final Four Championship game at the Alamodome on April 6, 2010 in San Antonio, Texas. (Photo by Jeff Gross/Getty Images)
ATLANTA (AP) -- Tina Charles scored 23 points, pulled down a season-high 22 rebounds and hit a pair of free throws with 3.1 seconds left to give the Connecticut Sun their first lead of the game in a 75-73 victory Sunday over the Atlanta Dream. Renee Montgomery finished with 19 points and Kara Lawson added 11 for Connecticut, which has won five of six. Armintie Price scored a season-high 20 points and Sancho Lyttle had 15 for the Dream. Angel McCoughtry, the WNBA's leading scorer, missed the game for Atlanta because of a sprained left knee. Lyttle missed a baseline runner that didn't touch the rim as time expired. Charles, who has a franchise-record 22 straight games of scoring in double digits, grabbed a rebound with 3.1 seconds remaining after Renee Mongomery missed a 17-footer. After Price fouled her, Charles made both free throws for Connecticut's 75-73 lead. The Sun were coming off a 97-55 win Friday over New York that included a 34-halftime lead, the largest in WNBA histo...
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Questions and answers
Ask and answer questions on a variety of PEUGEOT BOXER models. Help and advice on everything PEUGEOT BOXER. Feel free to ask and answer as many PEUGEOT-related questions as you wish.
Search the questions and answers section:
Below are the latest PEUGEOT BOXER questions submitted by visitors to RoadTestReports.co.uk. To supply an answer, simply click on the "Answer this question" link underneath each question. Alternatively, if you want to ask a question, please use this simple form. Please try to make the question as detailed as possible, with all the information necessary for a comprehensive answer included. Please do not use "text speech" or type everything in CAPS LOCK.
Hi any ideas what might cause this? 1997 2L petrol. Had the cam belt changed, new plugs, filters, liquids etc. When I went ot pick it up it started and died. It would start, as soon as you pressed the throttle it died. Mechanic came out and said it had previously been botched to make it run (it was running on the throttle all the time) He said it may be MAP sensor so had to leave the van. Got charge 70 quid for a map sensor and told the van was ok so went to pick it up. Started it up and it started and ticked over, as soon as I put pressure on the throttle it cut out. It did this for 5 minutes then started running ok mechanic reckoned he spent 4 hours fault finding and found a dry joint on the ecu. Mechanic reckoned it had been running rich for ages and needed a run out. drove it home and it did seem nippier and to run smoother than before. Parked it up (a week ago - its a motorhome) went to start it today; It started and ticked over lovely, no spluttering or change in tickover. Put it in reverse and started pulling off the drive and had to stop. Tried to continue and it died. Now, every time I start it it starts ok and ticks over, but on any pressure on the throttle it dies. Im asking the wider audience, any ideas what this could be? Cheers
Submitted: 06/02/2016 11:31:06 | ID: 127204
why engine is not rising than 2500 rpm in peugeot boxer 2200 cc 2005 model van
Vehicle may have gone into limp mode where it won't go higher than 2500rpm to prevent damage to the engine. get it hooked to diagnostic machine to see what's up. R Evans from Caerphilly
Submitted: 31/01/2016 18:14:22 | ID: 126968
Hi, I have a Peugeot Boxer Auto sleeper Symbol van ( 2004) and have just had a new Alternator fitted due to red light coming on the dash which resulted in my testing with a multimeter to find out it was not charging properley etc. The van has only done 45,000 miles so not happy! Although it is fine now regarding charging......the red battery light will not go off so could it be something else as well? Any help on this matter will be gratefully received!
Submitted: 30/01/2016 12:44:12 | ID: 126902
Coul any one tell me where I can buy petrol fuel injectors for my peugeot boxer symbol motor home 270MWB Peugeot dealers tell me they are know longer able to get them ask where do I go from here and they were not at all helpfully can any one advise
Submitted: 25/01/2016 13:58:31 | ID: 126685
Boxer 2.2 2016. Cab heater fan runs constantly when the ignition is off. Why? How can I stop it.? It is a camper van and a real pain at night. Thank you Barry
Submitted: 24/01/2016 11:05:35 | ID: 126607
Hi have a Peugeot boxer 2.2d motorhome how do you set the clock , have had battery off over winter Thanks
Have the ignition set to on but engine not running.... then when you go through the menus using the mode button to the right of steering wheel the clock setting is allowed... with engine running it is not allowed. Richard from Caerphilly
Have the ignition set to on but engine not running.... then when you go through the menus using the mode button to the right of steering wheel the clock setting is allowed... with engine running it is not allowed. Richard from Caerphilly
Submitted: 22/01/2016 16:04:49 | ID: 126533
Hi can anyone tell me were I can find the window wiper relay on a Peugeot Boxer 2013 Please.??
Submitted: 14/01/2016 21:53:11 | ID: 126150
I have an elddis motorhome based on the Peugeot boxer. I have noticed that when the cruise control is turned on, and the green cruise control lights, so does the water level and airbag with a dim glow. As soon as the cruise control is turned off these lights go out. The voice was registered in March 2013 so wondered if this a problem that is covered under warranty
I had the same problem with my then 2.5 year old Elddis in April 2015 and the dash was replaced under warranty. I now have the same problem with the second dash after 10 months and further 4,000 miles. The solution is a third dash at a cost of approximately £800 which Peugeot are asking me to pay £500. We are in dispute with Peugeot at the moment. Not happy!!!! Jeff from Northamptonshire
Just had ours replaced under warranty at under 1000 miles. Apparently, a not uncommon occurrence. Good luck with Peugeot. Paul from Lancashire
Submitted: 02/01/2016 21:44:35 | ID: 125437
Hello, could anyone tell us how to access the lock barrel in the fuel filler cap please? We have replaced the door and ignition barrels successfully and fairly easily, but cannot seem to work out how to access it in the fuel filler cap without risk of damage to the hard plastic casing. Many thanks in advance Peter
Submitted: 31/12/2015 17:04:07 | ID: 125359
1995 boxer 2l petrol Hi, I've fixed a few small issues on the old camper i bought in June but i cannot fathom how to stop water getting on the battery and tray. The battery is very close to the drivers side wing and i think that each downpour is shortening out the battery. I've put a new battery in to ensure it wasn't down to an old battery. Anyone else had similar issues- if so how resolved? Can't gamble withthis fault when out on me hols! Cheers
Submitted: 28/12/2015 21:18:23 | ID: 125258
I've just recently had the steering pump and pipe replaced on my boxer after that I had the engine management come on a couple times for a few seconds and once the fan was still running after the engine was stopped but went off when I flicked the ignition on and off again drive a considerable distance the day after with no problems at all my mechanic has also told me the pulley is going on the alternator and the cat needs replacing at some point as it may fail the mot any ideas on why the engine management light has come on ?
Matt, EML lighting up can be caused by a host of things.. you really need to get it hooked up to a diagnostic computer to see what's stored in the ecu faults. R Evans from Caerphilly
Submitted: 26/12/2015 14:25:46 | ID: 125155
Nearside mirror won't fully open out just stuck vehicle is a camper 2014
Submitted: 26/12/2015 12:11:39 | ID: 125151
i have a peugeot boxer 2.2 diesel auto sleeper symbol camper van 2006. it takes ages to get engine temperature up to normal . i think the thermostat needs changing, like to know were it is and how to change it, please can you help.
If your vehicle is the type II relay then the thermostat is to the right of the engine as you look in the engine bay from the front.. there are three screws fixing the housing.. take them out and the thermostat is underneath that. Thermostat part number is 1338-23 and gasket is 1348-48. On the Type III Relay the part number is 1338-F5 and gasket is 1340-90.. the location is much the same.. to the right of the engine, but there are a few more pipes to get out of the way to access it properly. Both housings are fixed by three screws to remove the cover and then take out the thermostat and gasket. To change either, you drain the system .. move pipes out the way to access the fixings for the housing... remove the pipe that goes to the thermostat housing then the three screws that fixes the housing and pull it away.. on Type II it pulls upwards.. on type III it pulls forward. clean the area tidy before putting the new parts in.. there is likely to be some dirt and corrosion. When you refit the three housing screws, put some copper ease on them for future ease of removal. The part numbers given may differ, depending on your specific spec of vehicle... with the VIN number known, the exact part numbers and fitting could be given. R Evans from Caerphilly
Submitted: 15/12/2015 20:56:44 | ID: 124744
Can any one please tell me if there is another oil seal within the body unit of the gear box speedometer drive. I have replaced the two O ring seals that actually fit on to the outer cable that you push in to the unit, but still oil spews out via the cable and eventually half empties the gear box. My van is Peugeot Boxer year 2000 with a 1950cc none turbo diesel engine.
Hi, I'm pretty sure you need a new speedo cable, I've just had this and the boot at the top seals the gear oil in and stops it coming up through the middle of the cable. Not available from dealer but someone is selling them on ebay Tom from Merseyside
Submitted: 28/11/2015 23:02:25 | ID: 124123
I have been ask about the immobiliser by insurance is it Thatcham approved immobiliser ? they also would like to know full make and model of immobiliser ? date fitted ? name and address of fitters and their qualifications? how would I find this out please ?
Submitted: 28/11/2015 10:56:43 | ID: 124103
My Marqis Motorhome with a 2015 150 hp diesel flattens the battery if left parked up for a few weeks, so I took the motorhome manual's advice and disconnected the negative terminal. An easy to remove clamp is supplied to facilitate this. On reconnecting the radio/nav and climate control consoles are both dead, any ideas?
I have experiencedsom of these symptoms in my Autosleeper motorhome on a Boxer. Battery drain was proved to be cab radio and TV aerial amp continuing to take power from the battery when everything is switched off. If there is a faint glow on the radio on/off button, the radio is in standby mode and consuming power. Autosleeper fitted an isolator switch as standard to prevent this. Once I was aware of this and used the switch - problem half solved. The other half was solved by fitting a switch in the 12 volt supply to the TV aerial amp myself. You can get the radio back up by inserting a four figure code. This code should be in your vehicle documentation and instructions in your handbook. Sorry I do not know anything about your climate control. Steve Lawson from Cornwall
Steve, many thanks for your answer. Very useful. Christopher from Oxfordshire
Submitted: 25/11/2015 18:08:30 | ID: 123988
Where can I get an electrical circuit diagram for this vehicle it is a 2008 Motorhome.
Submitted: 19/11/2015 11:45:19 | ID: 123696
I have a pre-owned Compass Avantgarde 180 motor home 2009. Recently, it has developed a high pitch whine from the engine compartment. It only lasts for a few minutes then goes away as engine warms up. The whine is more noticeable on cold days. Thought it may be a leaking turbo but cant find any evidence of this when engine bonnet is open. Engine still responsive and achieving an average of 32.2 mile per gallon. Any suggestions ?
It may be a loose or worn auxiliary belt if you don't have the aircon version... but that is more like a high pitch scream/screech than a whine. R Evans from Caerphilly
Submitted: 18/11/2015 19:41:06 | ID: 123660
i have a boxer 2.8 hdi i have aproblem with my gears whenever it is put into fifth gear it has a constant knocking sound can anyone please helpo me with this
Submitted: 18/11/2015 16:48:28 | ID: 123656
Have "batt" display on dash, no indicators or Hazard lights, also trip keeps resetting to Zero! Any help would. Be great
Did you ever solve this? Richard from Rutland
Submitted: 15/11/2015 21:32:37 | ID: 123546
with a 2015 boxer 2.3 diesel, how do I know if it is 130 or 150 bhp ? thanks.
Submitted: 13/11/2015 21:42:01 | ID: 123469
I have a Bailey autograph 740 registered oct 2014 the new model I too have the gear shift indicator problem in 6th gear. Also my Bluetooth for the phone does not work on the steering wheel controls I can't make the call but can end it I have to use the main head unit to start the phone call and also to get the contacts as the scroll on steering wheel does not work . The call always sounds crackling and as if I have poor reception no matter where I am but I sound clear to them .the dab also has trouble keeping hold of the signal any ideas what the problem is.i think I have the correct variant no my logbook just says 335 zuckoff tl hdi.
Submitted: 07/11/2015 13:10:53 | ID: 123249
What are the four circles that appear in the vehicle instrument panel for ? Vehicle is a Elddis Motorhome.
I presume you mean when the ignition is switched on.. and four circles appear.. then go off after a short while.. if so.. this is an indication of oil level.. it should be five circles when optimum level, but four is fine... PS.. never rely on electronic indication of oil level.. they do develop faults.. always rely on dipstick checking for correct oil level. R Evans from Caerphilly
Submitted: 22/10/2015 11:38:15 | ID: 122585
i have just got a peugeot boxer r reg motorhome but the interior lights wont turn on the rest of the electrical equipment is ok i have been told that there is a master switch to turn on but i cant find it?
Malcolm.. it is more likely that the lights are covered by a fuse rather than a master switch, in particular id the rest of the electrics are fine.. does not really make sense to fit a master switch for what is essentially a low power lighting circuit.. unless previous owner added one !! It could be possible that one exists, but not a likely candidate. R Evans from Caerphilly
Malcolm.. it is more likely that the lights are covered by a fuse rather than a master switch, in particular id the rest of the electrics are fine.. does not really make sense to fit a master switch for what is essentially a low power lighting circuit.. unless previous owner added one !! It could be possible that one exists, but not a likely candidate. R Evans from Caerphilly
Submitted: 21/10/2015 22:26:06 | ID: 122567
Sliding side door won't open using the key fob on my Peugeot boxer 2007 any ideas how to resolve this problem
Submitted: 12/10/2015 18:12:12 | ID: 122247
two drainage holes at the extreme right and left of the cab at bottom of windscreen,( and outside of squirt holes for screen washes) are both blocked. Have tried pushing 8 inch plastic cable tie through to clear blockage but no luck. I can feel the tubes under the bonnet but don't know where they end up. Can you advise an intrepid lady pensioner to sort out her beloved motorhome? I think I've got the model right, as it is a 2014 150 euro 5 engine. thank you
Both pipes should simply feed through an opening in the inner wing body panel and on many vehicles just dangle there.. you should be able to pull them down from the upper mountings and then get the whole tube out to clean.. but check first. Reinstallation is reverse of removal R Evans from Caerphilly
Submitted: 09/10/2015 20:34:51 | ID: 122122
Hi can any one tell me where the Crank angle sensor is on my 2001 2.8 HDI turbo diesel Boxer. is it the one at the top of the bell housing towards the back of engine close to turbo ?. mine is faulty but Peugeot dont stock anymore mine is 15mm diameter , 30mm long . 2 pin plug . 2 holes for screws . thanks any one can help .
Submitted: 05/10/2015 14:01:09 | ID: 121999
Hi, I've got to replace door mirror , I need to know how to get to the electric window control unit , does it just pop out or do I need to remove the whole door card? Thanks in advance
Paul, on a 2006- Boxer you don't need to do any of that to remove a door mirror.. just remove the plastic trim to the small window... that will reveal the four mounting screws which are hex.. remove them and then go to outside and lift upwards and outwards to remove the mirror.. feed the wiring loom out to unplug it. If you really do need to get the window control unit out then you have to remove the door card. R Evans from Caerphilly
Submitted: 03/10/2015 14:28:16 | ID: 121917
Intermittently, when turning the ignition key to start the vehicle, absolutely nothing happens - no lights, no sounds, dead as a dodo. Simply by knocking (tapping) the Central Fuse and Relay Box, everything comes to life and the engine can be started. There is either a sticky relay or a dry joint. Can anyone tell me which relay is suspect please ?
Steve, I'd check the main cable into the box first.. sounds more like you have loose wiring rather than faulty relays.. it could also be dirty connections. R Evans from Caerphilly
I had same problem .I replaced the earth cable from the engine to body. not had the problem since dave broomfield from Kent
I had same problem .I replaced the earth cable from the engine to body. not had the problem since dave broomfield from Kent
Submitted: 01/10/2015 21:55:27 | ID: 121866
My problem is i have very recently bought this camper van the Cab heater not blowing as as hot as it should be , have changed antifreeze and flushed the system ,i think i have all the air out but maybe some left in heater unit,, can you help please.
couple of questions first whats the age of the van, engine cc, does the temp gauge run nicely in the middle of the clock normal temp? my initial diagnosise would be the thermostat is stuck open so the engine is not getting up to running temperature. hope this helps mike wilkes from Oxfordshire
couple of questions first what is the age of the van, engine cc, does the temp gauge run nicely in the middle of the clock normal temp? my initial diagnosis would be the thermostat is stuck open so the engine is not getting up to running temperature. hope this helps mike wilkes from Oxfordshire
Thanks Mike Wilkes, the age of the van is 1996 its a 2.5 non Turbo Diesel. the Temp gauge runs nicely just on 90 and will stay there. Have bought a new Thermostat but not fitted yet as not sure if that is the problem. don hopkins from Suffolk
Thanks Mike Wilkes, the age of the van is 1996 its a 2.5 non Turbo Diesel. the Temp gauge runs nicely just on 90 and will stay there. Have bought a new Thermostat but not fitted yet as not sure if that is the problem. don hopkins from Suffolk
Submitted: 27/09/2015 14:15:36 | ID: 121694
We have a 2015 Peugeot Boxer 2.2 hdi based motorhome. the 'upshift' indicator on the dash lights up even when in 6th gear. has anyone had this problem? and know how to fix it. seems to have the dealers scratching their heads as the don't seem to be able to fix it.
We have had exactly the same problem and the dealer has disabled the function all together and tried to tell us that our model (which is the same as yours) should not have had this function in the first place!! We have e mailed the EU to try and establish if this is the case as our belief was that all Euro 5 vehicles should have this function. Would be really interested to hear how you have got on with your dealer on this one. Paul Paul Wardell from Warwickshire
We have had exactly the same problem and the dealer has disabled the function all together and tried to tell us that our model (which is the same as yours) should not have had this function in the first place!! We have e mailed the EU to try and establish if this is the case as our belief was that all Euro 5 vehicles should have this function. Would be really interested to hear how you have got on with your dealer on this one. Paul Paul Wardell from Warwickshire
Paul/Malcolm My Peugeot boxer light problem was referred to Peugeot France back in August 2015.Appears they suspect engine computer system but won't replace it for fear of being wrong! I, too have been offered the "switch off" option which I have rejected. My motorhome has also a fault with the rear fog lights,a yellow warning triangle comes on as well as the normal light on the dashboard plus a scroll message telling me to get the lights checked.When switching the fog lights off the yellow triangle still remains on hence masking any further problems with the engine unless I stop and turn off the ignition. It would be interesting if you could try your vans to see if you have this problem.Peugeot claim it is in the wiring loom when Elddis converted the Peugeot chassis to a motorhome but they could be connected Mark Mark Crossley from South Yorkshire
Hi Mark, Thanks for your reply. I have since been in contact with the EU regarding this issue and having found out the answers have escalated it with Peugeot via customer service and its created quite a stir. Firstly let me advise you that if your vehicle was built after September 2014 it has to be Euro 6 compliant. This means that it MUST have a fully functioning gear up-shift notification system fitted to the dashboard,if it does not then it is breaking EU Law. The solution to correct the problem is a complete instrument and dashboard replacement so I've been told which takes about ten days to order in and a couple to refit......both of which obviously fall under the vehicles warranty. I'll let you know the outcome in due course as I am away from home from next Monday for three weeks on business and so will get the sorted in December. With regards to the fog lamp issue you have I'm afraid I cannot help as the problem does not replicate itself on my vehicle. Hope this helps, Best regards, Paul Paul Wardell from Warwickshire
Peugeot have offered me money to have the function "switched off".I'd be very interested how you learnt about the dashboard replacement solution.This sounds an expensive option but one I've not been offered Mark Crossley from South Yorkshire
Peugeot are fitting a new instrument panel to put it right. Refuse the cash and go directly to head office. i've pushed hard and they have relented. Hope you manage to get yours sorted. Paul Wardell from Warwickshire
Paul I am very interested who told you at Peugeot UK re new instrument panel.I have been in regular contact with Peugeot Customer Service by either email or telephone.I have mainly dealt with either a Joanne or Emma and they have not spoken about your solution at all Mark Crossley from South Yorkshire
Hi Mark, As a matter of interest how much have they offered you and do you have it on writing?? Paul Wardell from Warwickshire
Paul Below is a section taken from Peugeot UK email.I wrote to the MD of the company re the light and several other issues rejecting the van.The habitation issues were dealt with ,even having Elddis engineers come down to re-direct the kitchen sink waste as it wouldn't drain.Peugeot claim the light is only advisory so the van is ok to drive.We are still pursuing the rejection if the light issue cannot be sorted in a reasonable time ,as to me ,the van is unsaleable. "Following your email I would like to confirm that the offer of £1000.00 in recognition of the inconvenience caused was made on condition that you retained your motorhome. If you decide after taking legal advice to proceed with the rejection via ******* Caravans, I'm afraid this offer would be withdrawn. " Who are you in contact with at Peugeot? Mark Crossley from South Yorkshire
Hi Mark, John Keegan has been my case officer and it has now been agreed to reinstate the up-shift lights for the gearbox but there is no guarantee that it will fix it because it appears to be an inherent fault. If it does fail again I'm stuck with it until the 'fix' is released by Peugeot sometime in the future. My motorhome (A Bailey) is booked in for next Monday. Mark, I've had to push really hard for this and believe it's a disgrace that they try and treat their customers like they're an inconvenience. John Keegan was helpful up to a point and then reneged on what he'd agreed (on Monday eve) until I ripped him apart on the phone only yesterday!!! Let's hope the issue gets resolved. I demanded to be put up the chain of command until someone with enough to clout could agree to put right a problem that they had knowingly put out into the market. Let me know how you get on! Paul Wardell from Warwickshire
Hi Paul, I have the same problem with our new Accent motorhome. it is like pushing water up hill. I have been told that the software fix is to turn off the gear shift light altogether but reading these notes this seem to breach regulations. Can you please advise where I can find out about the EU regulations and who is the best contact at Peugeot. Derek Brown from Cheshire
Hi Paul, I have the same problem with our new Accent motorhome. it is like pushing water up hill. I have been told that the software fix is to turn off the gear shift light altogether but reading these notes this seem to breach regulations. Can you please advise where I can find out about the EU regulations and who is the best contact at Peugeot. Derek Brown from Cheshire
This is the final response from Peugeot which I have accepted. Peugeot dealers fitted a new BSI unit. Mark Crossley from South Yorkshire
Further to your recent communication, I have sought clarification in regard to the specification of your vehicle and can confirm that the 'Gear Shift Indicator' which is currently in your vehicle, has been fitted additionally to specification. The current Euro5 emissions standard Boxer/Relay should not have a Gear Shift Indicator (G.S.I.). This function will not be fitted as standard until Euro6 emissions vehicles come out next year, when it is a legal requirement. Mark Crossley from South Yorkshire
Submitted: 24/09/2015 15:16:08 | ID: 121591
My campervan is new. I find it very difficult to shut the side sliding door. Reading some other reports, I am not the only one. I wondered whether anybody on here has found a cure. Only way to close it fully is to go outside and give it a good pull.
Quite ofte this will be down to a door runner either going faulty or just dropping.. if it's a new van get the dealer to check this out and adjust the door position. R Evans from Caerphilly
Submitted: 23/09/2015 15:17:32 | ID: 121537
Chassis used for an Elddis Motorhome.When in 6th gear and cruising at around 60 mph,the "Change Up" light appears
For what it is worth, my new van does the same. I just ignore it as I know I do not have 7 gears. Reading the manual, it states it is just an information light that does not actually mean change up, it just means change gear(??), so could mean change down. Very odd. ron eccles from North Yorkshire
I have exactly the same issue with my 2015 Marquis (Elddis) Majestic. Also the battery runs down after a few weeks parked up, so I took the Marqis owners' manual advice and disconnected the battery's negative terminal. When reconnected the audio/nav and climate control consoles were dead. Any ideas? Christopher from Oxfordshire
I have exactly the same issue with my 2015 Marquis (Elddis) Majestic. Also the battery runs down after a few weeks parked up, so I took the Marqis owners' manual advice and disconnected the battery's negative terminal. When reconnected the audio/nav and climate control consoles were dead. Any ideas? Christopher from Oxfordshire
Ron Peugeot UK and Peugeot France are now involved trying to come up with a solution including a software re-write so I don't believe the problem is trivial especially on a new m/home. On a different forum it has been suggested a new dashboard console is required! Chris Peugeot have suggested to me that a new engine management unit maybe needed (look up Peugeot ECU and BSI).when I googled them all sorts of problems appear to go wrong when the battery is disconnected as the action appears to be part of re programming the ECU/BSI which can affect any electrical item in the van! Mark Crossley from South Yorkshire
Submitted: 22/09/2015 19:03:15 | ID: 121506
hi,,, 2008 boxer swb , the drivers side wiper has come disconnected from long arm that both screen wipers are connected to. It seems to have popped out of a rubber socket , Thanks
Just pop it back on fella.. if it keeps coming off there is wear in the plastic within the socket.. get a new mechanism or go to a breakers R Evans from Caerphilly
Submitted: 22/09/2015 17:34:07 | ID: 121503
My newly acquired motorhome has developed an engine squealing noise at a cold start up. It last for a few second only and does not occur again when restarted. Any ideas? Thanks
Fan belt possibly needs adjusting. ron eccles from North Yorkshire
Fan belt possibly needs adjusting. ron eccles from North Yorkshire
Submitted: 22/09/2015 15:37:25 | ID: 121489
Hi, the drivers side wiper has come un plugged from the long arm that both wipersare connected to, tried to take off light unit but was not too succesful to get at the problem. Thanks ,
Submitted: 21/09/2015 17:26:41 | ID: 121449
When in reverse there's an occasional beeping sound (not the parking sensors). Is there anyway I can turn this off? Thanks Dave
Submitted: 15/09/2015 23:55:00 | ID: 121198
hi my van suddenly stopped . no maniacal noise, changed cam belt , had fuel pump fixed ( now engine warning light goes off . yippeeee ) still wont start . is the big valve on the back of the fuel pump a cut off valve ??
phone me in krugersdorp 0843903841 gawie from South Africa
phone me in krugersdorp 0843903841 gawie from South Africa
Submitted: 12/09/2015 07:27:56 | ID: 121062
Driver's side window will not close. Passenger side seems in order.
Ken, it really may be something as simple as dust got into the switch if it's an older van.. I had that very issue on my 57 plate.. was told by garage that the switch was faulty and needed replacement.. then told dealer only part.. at £130+vat.. ain't paying that.. so I took the switch out and stripped it.. cleaned it and reassembled.. BINGO! But I did find that the cause WAS dirty contacts inside the switch and was satisfied it was not faulty. R Evans from Caerphilly
Submitted: 07/09/2015 14:45:53 | ID: 120888
Power is not getting to the radiator cooling fan. I have tested the fan by connecting it directly to the battery and it runs fine. Checked the connection from the switch in the radiator to the fan and thats ok. NOTE; it switches the negative side. My Russek manual shows a fuse in the positive side of the circuit but I can not find a fuse anywhere, it is not in the passenger side glovebox fusebox. Any ideas would be greatly appreciated.
Martin, I base this entry on presumption that you have a 2006- van which essentially is same as a Cit Relay (which I have).. in the engine compartment towards the right, there is a box for fuses and relays.. two 10mm screws fit the lid on it... the fuses are not the standard but MAXI fuses. Take the top off the box and the fuse for the fan should be 40/50A fuse.. and on mine it's the third from left on the top row.. there are eight fuses in all (if I remember right).. my fuse blew when the bearings in the main fan went.. there are two fans on a Relay and each has it's own fuse, thankfully, or I could have ended in disaster. R Evans from Caerphilly
Submitted: 06/09/2015 16:46:52 | ID: 120862
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There's a familiar refrain coming from commenters in the Murdoch press:
Aug 5, 2011
There's a familiar refrain coming from commenters in the Murdoch press:
There's a familiar refrain coming from commenters in the Murdoch press:
ANY comparison with other Western nations demonstrates that Australia is the luckiest of countries – yet the Gillard Labor-Green-independent government seems hell-bent on destroying this legacy.
Why Piers? Why would these people who have chosen to enter politics want to harm Australia?
Why Andrew? Why would our Prime Minister want to harm the economy? Wouldn't that be political suicide?
So what we have is a government obsessed with the things most of us don't really care about, and not seeming to be in control, says Chalke.
Why Miranda? Why would a government that will have to face voters at some point dismiss them out of hand?
Can anyone explain to me in clear terms why they believe that an Australian government would actively work to sabotage our nation, and its own electoral chances? It just doesn't pass the sniff test, and yet we are relentlessly being told that our Federal Government wants to see the citizenry put in the poor house. Why?
I was no fan of a lot of the decisions made by the Howard government, but I never believed that he wanted our nation to fail. I vehemently disagreed with his vision of how a successful Australia should look, but I didn't think that he was planning to deliberately undermine the whole of Australia. Yet since the election of Kevin Rudd in 2007, and his replacement by Julia Gillard in 2010, there have been wails of anguish from right wing commentators that our government means to do us harm. Why? And more importantly, why are people believing it?
Why aren't the harbingers of doom ignored and ridiculed for their ongoing chicken little routines? How have we allowed our national discourse to slide to the point where government policy, and the PM, are called treasonous? Why does anyone take seriously the moronic accusations that we are close to being subjected to a totalitarian state?
Why do journalists who haven't yet left the realms of sanity continue to provide cover for their unhinged colleagues rather than calling them out? Why doesn't the fourth estate seem to care that they have lost the respect of so many of their customers?
An informed citizenry is an essential part of a healthy democracy, and our media are supposed to provide us with the information to make choices about how we are governed. What seems to have evolved, not just in Australia, is a situation where the fourth estate has decided that it's more interesting to wield power than to hold it to account. Journos would rather be "insiders" than speak truth to power, our mass media is more interested in representing those with wealth and influence than holding them responsible for their words and actions. How has this become the status quo?
Our public discourse doesn't represent a battle of ideas at the moment, News Ltd in particular has shown that it is willing to use a number of tactics to delegitimise and silence those whose views it disagrees with, and so we are reduced to sloganeering and partisanship. Under the cloak of a free press and the "right to know" our mass media are operating in a fashion where moral and sometimes even legal breaches are ignored, why doesn't anyone speak out against this behaviour?
It seems to me that the first step in slowing down the "he said, she said", overwrought, vapid styles of news reporting is to keep asking "Why?". Why is this claim being made? Why is that relevant? Why should we believe that? These are questions that we used to expect our press to ask, but if they won't, then we need to. The amazing thing is how quickly a lot of the hysterical claims in the media fall apart if you simply ask "Why?". The second step is to dismiss any journalist whose answer is "I don't know, but…", if they have not asked "Why?", then the information they are trying to convey is meaningless.
It's time to ask the commentariat why they believe the things that they are espousing. Why don't they believe the IPCC? Why do they believe that our government wants to ruin our economy? Why should we trust them to base their work on unprintable secrets, told to them by unnamed people in the corridors of power? Why should we accept that anything they say has authority?
If the fourth estate now wants to wield the power it was supposed to keep in check then it is well and truly time to ask, "Why?".
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Mimicware is a high-level cross-platform, multimedia engine. It has been used in multiple commercial video game releases, and has been in active development at Funavision, Inc., since 2008. Mimicware is available under the Apache 2.0 license.
The Psyched 3D Engine
Psyche3D is a class library utilizing Microsoft's Managed DirectX API written in C#. The features include but is not limited to: Normal/Parallax/Ambient Inclusion Mappings, RPG/MMO capabilities, NexGen Physics and Artifical Intelligence, and EASE of use.
X Engine
A cross-platform graphics engine initially for XNA, Managed DirectX and Symbian OS games development. The engine is a 2D sprite engine that allows the use of 'layered' sprites, pre-calculated sprite paths and automated animation.
X* Programming Language
X* is a powerful, extensible programming language that is using an Extensible Entity approach (A very enhanced OOP). I've been programming for the past 10 years with dozens of Programming Languages from different Paradigms... I wanted more.
XNA Xtender
A project to develop a library or set of libraries for extending the XNA Content Pipeline by way of custom content importers and processors. The project aims to develop content importers for as many file formats as possible.
This project is an all in one UPnP server and adapter for the Xbox and Xbox 360. This project is to address the lack of compatibility for Xbox and Xbox 360 in other solutions.


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USC offensive tackle Zach Banner, a likely preseason All-American, is huge (6-foot-9, 360 pounds), smart and social-media savvy. So he's not likely to get into a battle of Twitter verbiage over the Trojans' marquee season opener against Alabama, the defending national champions.
That said, he is not going to let a comment like this from former Alabama and current San Diego Chargers offensive lineman D.J. Fluker completely slide.
Former Alabama OL & current SD Chargers Guard DJ Fluker talking..@USC_Athletics @TEAM_JUJU9 @zachbanner73 pic.twitter.com/IxFFD9ublG
— GIANT SKILLS (@PTP_CoachChris) June 20, 2016
Banner replied in three three Tweets, taking note, paying due respect to Fluker and Alabama and taking the high road, while being just a tad annoyed.
Good 4 him being a NFL guy getting in a college football talk but whatever. I talk with my pads. I see 2 Great Teams https://t.co/VyUb2dlvh0
— Zach Banner (@zachbanner73) June 20, 2016
Talking back to Fluker makes me look stupid because he was a 1st round, College Natty Winner. Stuff I want to do. But stay in the pros sir!
— Zach Banner (@zachbanner73) June 20, 2016
So with that said, Alabama is tough, aggressive, and trained well. You will never see me say anything bad about them be4 or after the game!
— Zach Banner (@zachbanner73) June 20, 2016
Anyone else getting excited about Sept. 3, the greatest opening weekend in college football history?
Banner, of course, rose to Twitter fame when he documented his ordeal while trapped with a teammate in an elevator.


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Le Programme international de l'OCDE pour le suivi des acquis des élèves (PISA) analyse non seulement les savoirs des élèves en mathématiques, en compréhension de l'écrit et en sciences, mais également leur savoir-faire. Vous avez entre les mains l'un des six volumes qui présentent les résultats de l'enquête PISA 2012, la cinquième édition de cette évaluation triennale. Le volume VI, Les élèves et l'argent : Les compétences en culture financière au XXIe siècle, examine l'expérience et les connaissances des élèves en matière d'argent.
The OECD-Singapore Conference on Higher Education Futures will explore forward-looking themes in the global higher education landscape. The Conference will bring together some 500 participants from over 40 countries, representing senior government officials, higher education administrators, academics and practitioners, for an engaging exchange of ideas and best practices.
Got a minute? How about 218 of them? That's the average amount of time students in OECD countries spend in mathematics class each week (although to some, it feels like an eternity). Spare a thought, though, for students in Chile: they spend about twice that amount of time (400 minutes, or 6 hours and 40 minutes) each week in maths class. But who's counting?
There is no real consensus on how much class time is enough when it comes to learning mathematics, science and reading. But educators and policy makers generally agree that while it's important for students to spend considerable time in school lessons to acquire new skills, spending more hours and minutes in class is not enough to ensure that students succeed in school.
An open, liberal economy combined with redistribution and social welfare: The Danish model has largely weathered the storm of the financial and euro crises. Yet, when looking at education and integration, not all is rosy in the Kingdom of Denmark.
In most OECD countries, the large majority of adults had at least an upper secondary qualification in 2013, making the completion of upper secondary education the minimum threshold for successful labour market entry and continued employability or the pursuit of further education.
In just a couple of decades, upper secondary schooling has been transformed from a vehicle towards upward social mobility into a minimum requirement for life in modern societies.
Interview with Allan Päll - Secretary General of the European Youth Forum
Education occurs in many forms; it's not the same as schooling.
Did you ever wonder if education has a role to play in stemming the obesity epidemic sweeping across all OECD countries? Or what the impact of increasing urbanisation might be on our schools, families, and communities?


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By Lizzie Kamenetzky
Print this Recipe
Nutritional info
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How to be fair? We just came off visits in Vail at the Marriott Mountain Resort an Ritz Carlton Club. We stayed in a Casita - 2 bedrooms, living room, dining/work area. We were a bit early for check-in. We told our room was "dirty", not "unmade" or "not ready" - a bit off-putting. We were told 3pm was guaranteed check-in. After a few check-backs (room was still "dirty"), we were finally checked in a 4pm. they did give us a few "bennies" for the inconvenience (thank you!). The rooms have modern conveniences and nicely appointed in an "old Santa Fe" decor but we were never able to rid the living room of a stale, musty smell. (Maybe because the Casita building used to be a stable.) The worst feature was the fact the toilets don't have a door separating them from the rest of the bathroom area and the 2 bathrooms share a shower/bathtub area. There is no lock on the door for the 2nd bedroom's entrance to the shower area. Definitely a major negative. It was impossible to open the right half of the master bedroom closet and a tight fit for the left half due to the bed and nightstand. Putting aside those annoyances, the location cannot be beat, there is a definite old Santa Fe charm to the property. The breakfast buffet is a plus. Our server was super friendly. Overall, this is our second stay here and we will probably stay again. Just be prepared for a few wrinkles if you stay in the Casitas.
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- Located just 2 blocks from the famous Historic Plaza, the Hilton is one of the best hotels in downtown Santa Fe. Not many hotels near Santa Fe, NM can compete with our excellent service and amenities. ... more less
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Hilton Hotels, Booking.com, Expedia, TripOnline SA, Hotels.com, Hotwire, Travelocity, Cancelon, Priceline and Odigeo so you can book your Hilton Santa Fe Historic Plaza reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
- Hilton Santa Fe Historic Plaza Hotel Santa Fe
- Hilton Hotel Santa Fe


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50belair (224) Florida | July 1, 2016
Crowded tasting room/brewery bordering on a semi-industrial area of town. Super friendly staff. Nice selection of house beers. Definitely worth stopping in if you find yourself in Bozeman.
bytemesis (754) Sunnyvale, California | October 1, 2014
Stopped in after work. Fairly industrial area, doing a decent business with a dozen or so locals hanging out. Long bar plus several tables. Eight taps running, plus their canned offerings. Prices good. Flights offered, but i did not get one. Staff was friendly and helpful. Lots of merch for sale, plus popcorn to eat. Cool little gaming area. All in all a pleasant place.
beernovice39 (250) Idaho | January 25, 2013
Nice tasting room. Good selection and service.
daknole (464) Scottsdale, Arizona | July 29, 2012
Badass tasting room! Service is as friendly as you will EVER find. Beer is clean and good. Damn what a fun place.
savnac (284) Anchorage, Alaska | July 12, 2012
This place has a nice little tasting room. Service was decent. They had all there core beers on tap along with some seasonals. Value is about average for the area. Beers were just ok, nothing that really got me excited except the Pilsener. Worth checking out, just dont have really high expectations when it comes to the beers.
Braudog (824) Yorktown, Virginia | July 8, 2012
Tried to visit on July 4th but they were closed, stupid Patriots (just kidding). We gladly returned the next day. They have a cozy little tasting room featuring $4 pints and free popcorn. The bartender was a friendly lass and the beers went down well. Nice place brewery #586.
jake65 (132) Meridian, Idaho | December 28, 2010
Tucked away a bit from the main drag, but not too far. Feels like an old part of town that just happened to have a vacant building with enough space to brew. Eight taps and popcorn, the day I visited. Pretty busy with people doing growler fills. They did have two growler styles, regular brown jug or a clear bomb looking contraption. Fun place to stop in during their short hours of operation.
Beerona97 (114) Washington | May 14, 2010| Updated March 4, 2011
Small, dimly lit place. Pretty good beer. Service is hit or miss.
kyzr (20) Belgrade, Montana | May 30, 2007
5-8 taps, just depends on what day you are there. Try and hit it when they open, usually the brewer will be there and is very helpful with questions. Usually something special on tap that is found only there.
argo0 (253) Washington DC | June 12, 2006
Tap house is open most afternoons, and had 8 of their offerings. Just a room to try their beers, though they also provide a few games. One person behind the counter, very friendly and helpful. No food other than popcorn.


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On average, it costs $8.12 to see a film this year, but the summer's 3D epics are likely to drive prices up again
After enduring the highest ticket prices ever in 2014, American moviegoers had some extra change in their pockets during the first quarter, according to data released Monday by the nation's
The average cost of a movie ticket fell to $8.12 in the first three months of 2015, according to the National Association of
This year's first quarter drop is attributable, at least in part, to the absence of any blockbuster 3D titles. Neither of the quarter's two highest-grossing films, Disney's "Cinderella" and Universal's "Fifty Shades of Grey," were released in 3D, nor were the hits "American Sniper" from Warner Bros. or "Kingsman: The Secret Service" from Fox.
Also Read: 'Avengers: Age of Ultron' Explodes for $201 Million at Overseas Box Office
Also Read: 'Avengers: Age of Ultron' Explodes for $201 Million at Overseas Box Office
In the final quarter of 2014, the 3D epic "The Hobbit: Battle of the Five Armies" dominated the box office and closed out Warner Bros.' Middle Earth film franchises.
It might be smart for film fans to hang onto that extra change, however. The average ticket price is almost certain to rise this summer, when a slew of superhero movies and blockbuster sequels roll out, including "Avengers: Age of Ultron," "Jurassic World" and "Mad Max: Fury Road."


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Top Definition
Keeping dishes in the dishwasher for repeated washes to avoid putting them away. Also called 'dish limbo'.
I kept all my plates in dish do-over because I was too tired to put them away.
de c_dog01 10 avril 2009
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You have searched for: Samuel Hulse
- Reuben Samuel
Writer, Mumbai
20/5/22 - 26/1/08" Always remembered. always missed "In grief: Family & Friends.
EXP : 07-01-2015 First Year Anniversary. Ex- ADE Employee St.Barnabas Church Member (C.S.I). Those we love don't go away. They walk beside us every day. By Naveen 9980196661 Marathahalli
- Samuel moves High Court against SIT summons
Narada News editor-in-chief Mathew Samuel fears he will be arrested if he appears before the city police's SIT for questioning.His lawyer consul Arunava Ghosh on Monday moved Calcutta HC against the police summons.
(68 years) expired on 31st October 2015 Funeral service at Bethel Marthoma Church Pai Layout, Old Madras Road, Bangalore At 2-30 pm. On 1" November 2015 Deeply mourned by sorrowing family Ph: 9008497807
SAMUEL PAULFounder of Public Affairs Centre.Passed away peacefully on October 26, 2015 in Bangalore. Funeral service at 11 am, Primrose Church, on Oct 29.Deeply mourned byWife, Lily Paul; Children: Annie, Mohan and Neena Paul.His passing is deeply mourned by the team at PAC
- Police may seek arrest warrant against Samuel
The Kolkata Police probe in to the Narada sting has picked up pace - and more importantly has taken a direction.
- Gladstone Daniel Samuel
LEFT FOR HEAVENLY ABODE Expired on 25th January 2016. Funeral at Sewri Christian Cemetry at 4 pm on 26th January 2016. Prayer meeting in Rahator Memorial Church, 18-B Parel Station Road, Parel at 6.30 pm on 27th January 2016In Grief : -Pushpa Samuel, Reuben, Deepa, Job, Deborah, Jeremy & Relatives
- Mr. W J Samuel
Tributes I have fought the good fight, I have finished the race, I have kept the faith. II Timothy 4: 7 Mr. W J Samuel H-367, Palam Vihar, Gurgaon was called to glory the Lord on 17th January 2016. Memorial Service on Tuesday,19th January, 2016 at Cathedral Church of the Redemption, No.1, Church Road, North Avenue, New Delhi-110001 From the family members
- Test cricket is big-man cricket, says Samuels
Marlon Samuels can enthral you with his bat, his on-field celebrations and his words. His bare-torso, chest-thumping exultations at the Eden after the World T20 triumph earlier this year are still fresh in the memory. At the same time, he can also ruffle feathers.
- M K Samuel
( 71 Yrs ) ( Ex- Govt of India - MINT ) Husband of - MARIAMMA SAMUEL Father of - MINU JIFFY Son In Law - JIFFY ZACHARIAH Father of - BINU SAMUEL Daughter in Law - SHEJI BINU Grand Daughter - KRISTINE BINU Residence - C / 302, EMPRESS TOWERS, AGRAWAL TOWNSHIP, VASAI (W). Funeral - ST. THOMAS ORTHODOX SYRIAN CHURCH VASAI ROAD (W) on WEDNESDAY ( 16.12.2015 ) by 1.00 P.M Contact :- 9930940680
- Grace Justus Samuel
WITH CHRIST Our adorable, darling mother " went home to be with her Beloved Lord & Saviour Jesus Christ whom she served faithfully all her life on 8th December 2015. Funeral at Christian Cemetery, Sewri on Wednesday, 9th December at 3.30 PM. For details telephone 9820372591/ 9920372591
- Mathew Samuel seeks case details from Kolkata Police
Mathew Samuel seeks case details from Kolkata Police
- Narada sting probe: Samuel urges police to withdraw summons
Kolkata, Jun 27 () Narada news CEO Mathew Samuel has requested Kolkata Police to withdraw its summon in connection with the West Bengal government's probe into the Narada sting operation saying the matter is still sub-judice. He has e-mailed his request this evening.
- Narada sting probe: Samuel urges police to withdraw summons
Kolkata, Jun 27 () Narada news CEO Mathew Samuel has requested Kolkata Police to withdraw its summon in connection with the West Bengal government's probe into the Narada sting operation saying the matter is still sub-judice. He has e-mailed his request this evening.


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American University News
American University News RSS feeds
Updated: 34 min 2 sec ago
Research Yields Clues About Inflammation Control in Songbird Brains
A process in the brains of zebra finches shows that the songbirds respond quickly to trauma, thereby controlling inflammation that occurs to protect the brain from injury.
Trudeau engages with students on climate, optimism, and compassion at SIS
Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau visited SIS to engage with students on topics including climate, the refugee crisis, diversity, optimism, and compassion.
AU Arts Management Colloquium Tackles Diversity and Funding in the Arts
Focuses on funding inequities for arts organizations of color.
American University Headlines and Hosts DC Environmental Film Festival
The Center for Environmental Filmmaking has four projects in the 2016 DCEFF, and several student projects will also screen.
Awarding our Own: It's Time to Nominate Dynamic AU Alumni
Know amazing alumni that represents AU's best of the best? Then we want your nominations for the 2016 AU Alumni Awards
Clawed had a Ball!
450+ Eagles participate in 2nd annual giving day.
6 Ways Research Can Empower the Federal Workforce
With 2 million employees, how can government ensure the best available research is driving human resource and operation policies for this important sector?
When You Wish Upon a Star
AU filmmakers chronicle the campaign to thwart a VA-based Disney theme park.
Hashtag Activism Can Effect Real-World Change
New report explains the rise of #blacklivesmatter and uncovers how Twitter activism can help fight for racial justice.
Alumnae Leaders Celebrated during Women's History Month
In celebration of Women's History month, AU alumnae leaders (both past and present) are recognized.
Mock Trial Teams Advance to National Competition
Two American University mock trial teams have advanced to national competition as a result of their performance at a regional tournament that the School of Public Affairs hosted for the first time in early February.
DC Council Appoints AU's Andrew Huff To Boxing & Wrestling Commission
AU Director of Community Relations Andrew Huff Joins DC Boxing & Wrestling Commission
American University Game Students JOLT GDC
AU student talks about her experience at the GDC panel.
Scientific American (University)
AU's recent "big bang" of science-related happenings.
Students Awarded for Community Service and Leadership
Three SOC students have won awards from the AU Honors and Scholars programs.
SIS welcomes Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau March 11
Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau will speak at American University's School of International Service at 10:30 a.m., Friday, March 11.
"Managing Relations with an Increasingly Assertive Russia": A Foreign Policy Discussion with Ambassador Thomas Pickering
Ambassador Thomas Pickering, Career Ambassador with the U.S. Foreign Service, visited the School of International Service (SIS) on March 1 for a discussion with Dean James Goldgeier about U.S. relations with Russia.
#MySOC Election Contest Winners Announced
The New Hampshire primaries provided a great backdrop for the contest.
Super Tuesday the Key to Predicting Campaign Outcomes?
To shed some light how primaries impact the race, The School of Public Affairs' Jan Leighley, an expert in political behavior and voter turnout, weighs in.
2016 AU Global Health Competition: Solving Real-World Problems
Developing new approaches to addressing non-communicable disease.


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I am facing same problem as here
How to achieve relationships between entity in one store with other?
Kindly guide me through this.
We started with Q&A. Technical documentation is next, and we need your help.
Whether you're a beginner or an experienced developer, you can contribute.
I am facing same problem as here
How to achieve relationships between entity in one store with other?
Kindly guide me through this.
It is indeed possible and makes total sense in some cases to split objects across stores
lets assume obj A in Store #1 and obj B in Store #2.
easiest solution would maybe be a TRANSIENT property on A ... named 'allMyBs'
this isnt the fetched property yet but easy
see Cross-Store weak relationship with Fetched Properties? for a complicated way ^^
The short answer is that you can't. You can't have a relationship between managed objects that crosses persistent stores.
You can, however, implement a key or identifier in your model that YOU maintain across stores, and use that find 'related' objects in different stores.
If you have user records in one store, and application data in another, the application records might have a "belongsTo" property whose value is a user ID corresponding to a user record in the user store.
Apple's documentation is very specific about this:
From the Core Data Programming Guide: "Core Data does not let you create relationships that cross stores. If you need to create a relationship from objects in one store to objects in another, you should consider using fetched properties."
Again, from the Core Data Programming Guide: "You must be careful not to create relationships from instances in one persistent store to instances in another persistent store, as this is not supported by Core Data. If you need to create a relationship between entities in different stores, you typically use fetched properties (see "Fetched Properties")."
This is exactly what I am talking about above. If you implement fetched properties that way, it is up to you to maintain the integrity of the graph. The same document walks you through creating and using fetched properties. Perhaps you can be more specific in what you need answered.


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Energy Efficiency at NYU Dorms
Dianne Anderson of NYU talks about energy efficiency in the student dorms.
Reader Comments
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Energy Manager News
- Geothermal Heating and Cooling is Worth Another Look
- Bruce County, Ontario, Tabs Ecosystem
- Oklahoma University Scores Almost $300K Incentive
- Smart Tech Takes Over, Bolstered By Record Investment
- Amendment 4 in Florida Would Expand Solar Property Tax Exemptions to C&I Ratepayers
- Pennsylvania PUC Approves Temporary Waiver of 'Instant Connect' Confirmation Letters
- Two Studies Show the State of Energy Efficiency
- Phoenix Airport LED Project Moves Along


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I'm going to be doing a carb rebuild this weekend on an 84 Ranger. The truck doesn't have a tach, but I'll be needing to read the RPMs to properly adjust the carb once its rebuilt. Is there a way of getting this information without having to install a tach? There is no obd/obd2 port either.
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You have a few options out there. There are meters that clip onto the ignition system that show the engine RPMs that are quite simple and cheap:
Tach meter at Amazon for example...
You can also pick up a "timing light" that has a tachometer function. Either of these tools have other purposes for a shade tree mechanic, so find one that you think you will use the most.
Yet another option is a digital, optical tachometer.
They use a laser to bounce off of a reflective object (like the blade of a fan) to measure RPMs.
All products and images for illustrative purposes only. I've never used those in particular.
In addition to what JPhi1618 said...
You can set any standard tach up with clips. I did this with a cheap tach when tuning my truck.
They have 4 wires - positive, ground, signal, light.
You can also use a dwell/tach meter. These are useful because they typically work in a range of 0-1000, so you can more accurately see the RPM you are trying to achieve. A dwell/tach is best if you have points and need to set the dwell also.


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'Reifen' attendance up 5% vs. 2012Comments Email
ESSEN, Germany (June 2, 2014) — Attendance at this year's Reifen Trade Fair was up about 5 percent from the 2012 event, with attendees from outside of Germany up about 12 percent, the organizers disclosed at the end of the four-day event.
Messe Essen G.m.b.H., the organizer of the Reifen exhibition, said preparations already are under way for Reifen 2016 and 2018, the latter of which will be the 30th edition of the fair held biennially since 1960. The 2018 event also will be competing with a new trade show, Tire Cologne, tentatively scheduled for May that year as well.
Attendance this year was around 20,000 visitors from 130 countries, Messe Essen said, up from 19,000 in 2012. Of those attending, 64 percent were from outside Germany.
The show hosted a record 670 exhibitors from 44 nations, including 20 from the U.S. and Canada and 146 from China. Exhibitor bookings for Reifen 2016 are occurring at a brisk pace, Messe Essen said.
Tire Cologne was announced earlier this year by the German Tire Trade Assocation (BRV)—which has been a supporting partner of Reifen for many years—and Koelnmesse G.m.b.H. The BRV is committed to the 2016 Reifen show but will then shift its support to the new show.
At the same time, Messe Essen has struck a deal with Messe Frankfurt G.m.b.H. of Frankfurt, Germany, for the exposition center companies to co-promote their respective Reifen and Automechanika shows.
TB Reader Poll
Is the uncertainty swirling about the U.S. presidential election this fall having any effect on your business plans?
|We've decided to put investments on hold.
(7 votes)
|We're not doing any hiring until the election's over.
(6 votes)
|It doesn't matter a bit. We're going full speed ahead.
(30 votes)
|We're taking a cautious approach and weighing every decision.
(26 votes)
|Is it too late to move to Canada?
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|I'm not planning to vote. It would be too painful.
(6 votes)
|Total votes: 88


text: In China, Durex Shows Difference Between Obama and Romney Risque Post on Sina Weibo Blog Uses Innuendo And Photos Of Candidates' Wives By Anita Chang Beattie. Published on November 07, 2012. Click here to view the ad Condom brand Durex posted a risque bit of post-election analysis in China, using its account on Sina Weibo, a Chinese microblog. The post features a picture of a smiling Michelle Obama holding her two hands widely apart, as if measuring the size of something. In another photo below, a less happy Ann Romney glumly holds up one small finger. The Mandarin-language caption says it all: "The difference between Obama and Romney is ..." In this article: Global News Ad Age Resources Sponsor Content Live Your Brand From the Inside Out: Why Employee Brand Culture Matters so Much Learn more Brought to you by: MOO Advertisement Most Popular


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Located in Athens, TX Near Tyler. Raising quality halter horses that can also ride.
Cash is Taking in Calf Horses, Head Horses, Steer Wrestling Horses, Steer Roping and Breakaway Cash is available for Private Lessons and Schools…
We offer boarding, training, lessons and horse sales
Selective breeding of Rocky Mountain horses. Excellent bloodlines at affordable prices! Find us on Facebook!
JRD Ranch is a small ranch near Cedar Creek Lake and 50 miles south east of Dallas. I have collected many horses over the years. Some of them have…
Registered Missouri Fox Trotters & AKC German Shepherds
This is a small family farm that raises our own food, and has horses as companions.
Gainesville, TX


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Kevin Kolb won't be playing quarterback for Arizona on Sunday against the Vikings at the Metrodome.
In fact, he probably won't be playing for a while.
Various reports say Kolb suffered a serious rib injury against Buffalo last Sunday and could be out six weeks or so.
John Skelton will start on Sunday.
ESPN's Adam Schefter reported that Kolb had "multiple" ribs detached from the sternum and would miss several weeks.
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How do you know players are ready to get back on the field? Vikings running back Adrian Peterson is tweeting pictures of himself as a ninja turtle.
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Video and images emerged Wednesday of the current Target Center scoreboard being lowered to the arena floor for a final time, removed permanently to make way for much-needed change.
Nathan, Morneau, Liriano: Good reason to catch up on three ex-Twins
We have this thing in Minnesota about keeping track of players who got away for one reason or another. But there's good reason to update three of them right now.


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All the latest from Baseball
Marwin's Homers Not Enough As Yankees Rough Up Fister, AstrosMarwin Gonzalez provided the first multi-homer day of his career but CC Sabathia was too much opposite a shaky Doug Fister as the Yankees earned a series win in Houston.
Astros 3B Luis Valbuena Takes A Nasty Spill, Is Day-To-Day With Hamstring StrainLuis Valbuena took a nasty tumble during Tuesday's game against the Yankees and he's day-to-day with a hamstring issue.
With Yulieski Gourriel On The Way, The Astros Might Stand Pat During The Trade Deadline"What I do know," Aroldis Chapman said of Yulieski Gourriel, "he's a really good player and I am sure the fans (in Houston) will enjoy to see him play."
Yankees Spoil Bregman's Big League Debut; Astros Lose 2-1
Astros Prospect Bregman To Debut Monday Against Yankees
Houston Astros Sign Another Cuban Star, Anibal SierraThe Houston Astros have signed Cuban shortstop Anibal Sierra.
Astros Make It Official: Alex Bregman Finally Gets The CallThe wait is over. Alex Bregman is finally en route to Houston for his MLB debut, as the Astros called up the former No. 2 overall pick after Sunday's win vs. the Angels.
Best Player in Baseball? Altuve's Career Day Sparks Astros To 13-3 Rout, Sweep of AngelsJose Altuve launched two home runs along with a career-best 6 RBI, as the Astros crushed the Angels to earn a series sweep.
Evan Gattis The Catcher Is Kinda Great, Might Be Time For Him To Do It Daily"I know I have seen the stats, I've heard that it's kinda a big split," Evan Gattis said of catching compared to DH'ing
Alex Bregman Not Joining The Astros On FridayThe Houston Astros made a roster move late Thursday night calling up Preston Tucker from AAA Fresno and sending AJ Reed back to the minor leagues. It was not the move many were hoping the Astros would make before they start their series against the Anaheim Angels on Friday. Top Prospect Alex Bregman is staying with the Grizzlies, for now.
The Very Best Of Gallant At NightThe Very Best of Gallant at Night on a Thursday!
Houston Dynamo And Supporters Groups Band Together To Remove Offensive Cheer From StadiumThe Houston Dynamo and the club's Supporters Groups have joined together to take a stand against the use of an oft-used offensive chant the team announced on Thursday. The "cheer" they are standing against, which is used by a small segment of the fans during games, involves the usage of a Spanish term which is considered a derogatory slur.


text: Ritualized finger-shortening, or "Yubitsume", is the ancient tradition of cutting off the end of one's own pinky finger just above the joint to atone for mistakes. Traditionally this was done on the left hand making it harder for the culprit to wield a katana properly; the ritual was then so eagerly adopted by the Japanese mafia that ex-mafia members have an incredibly hard time re-integrating into society due to the stigma against their obvious deformity. … read more