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Gers Ogely - Traditional Kuwaiti Cake (Oil Free)
Total Time
Prep 30 mins
Cook 35 mins
This recipe from my mother's aunt, its old traditional Kuwaiti style cake, the recipe is too easy and its oil free cake, only you have to get right way before and after baking. The best way to have the cake with a cup of tea.
Ingredients Nutrition
- 6 eggs (normal size)
- 177.44 ml white sugar
- 4.92 ml cardamom powder
- 2.46 ml saffron
- 295.73 ml all-purpose flour
For gressing the pan
- 4.92 ml all-purpose flour
- 9.85 ml vegetable oil
- 14.79 ml sesame seeds
- 1) Preheat oven to 355 degrees F (180 degrees C). Grease and flour a 9 inch round pan with a middle hole and sprinkle with 1/2 tbs sesame seeds.
- 2) With electrical mixture beat the Eggs with the Sugar on high speed for 15 to 20 minutes till it become foamy (extra faomy), then add the Cardamon and Saffron.
- 3) With wooden spoon, add the Flour and mix in vertical motion (in & out). Pour into prepared pan & sprinkle with remaining Sesame seeds.
- 4) Bake in the preheated oven for 30 to 35 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted into the cake comes out clean. Ones its ready turn out onto a wire rack Immediately and cool completely.
Most Helpful
the flavours of the cake are intense and unique and the recipe was easy to follow and I achieved good results at my first try and I love that the cake is dairy and practically oil free which means it's as light as a feather. Highly recommend you try this recipe.
This was exceedingly simple to make, and it tastes great. I cooked it in a fan forced oven at 170C and it only took 25 minutes. Not a sweet cake (as expected), but would be great with a cup of tea as suggested.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Today's Devotional
Red HousesWhat has God given you—time, finances, ability—that you can use to help someone in need today?
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text:
STORRS, Conn. -- Connecticut freshman A.J. Price had
successful radiosurgery Wednesday night as part of his treatment
for a blood vessel abnormality in his brain, school officials said.
Price suffered a brain hemorrhage in October and spent several
days in critical condition at Hartford Hospital. He has since
returned to class but his doctor said a vascular abnormality known
as arteriovenous malformation will keep him out of practice and
games for several months.
The condition is marked by masses of abnormal blood vessels
which grow in the brain. It can develop or malform into a mass
capable of bleeding. The radiosurgery, which uses a focused beam of
radiation to eliminate the mass, was performed at Brigham & Women's
Hospital in Boston.
It was an outpatient procedure and he and his family returned to
Storrs on Wednesday night.
A top national recruit when he was signed out of high school,
Price led Amityville (N.Y.) to two state championships and averaged
28.5 points last season. He was expected to shore up UConn's
backcourt, which lost Ben Gordon and Taliek Brown from last
season's national championship team.


text:
So is Dexter a musical fan? Michael C Hall supports Idina Menzel at the opening night of her Broadway show If/When
He became a household name by portraying an organized serial killer.
And based on that character, not many would have picked Michael C. Hall for a musical theatre aficionado.
But on Sunday night, the Dexter star did in fact show up and lend his support at the opening night of New York's Broadway show If/When, starring Frozen's Idina Menzel.
Scroll down for video...
A change of scenery? Dexter star Michael C. Hall and his girlfriend Morgan Macgregor showed up for the opening night of the Broadway show If/Then in New York City on Sunday night
The Golden Globe Award winning actor
looked dapper in a black blazer over casual black jeans, which he teamed
with a basic V-neck T-shirt at the relatively casual event held at the
Richard Rodgers Theatre.
his hair slicked back and his face roughly unkempt, Michael wore the
enigmatic expression of Dexter himself as he stood beside his pretty
blonde girlfriend Morgan Macgregor.
Modern Family star Jesse Tyler Ferguson and his husband Justin Mikita looked dapper in matching brown leather shoes and smart bow ties for the event.
Green with envy: Idina was dazzling in a form fitting emerald dress which showcased her porcelain skin
Representing the television musical
world, Glee star Darren Criss showed up, flashing his stunning eyes with
a crisp suit layered with an overcoat for extra warmth.
Much of the musical theatre community was out to support the new contemporary production, with the likes of Daphne Rubin-Vega, Maura Tierney, Susie Essman, Brian d'Arcy James and George C. Wolfe dressed up in their Sunday best for the event, as was comedian Mario Cantone.
Michael C. Hall and news editor Morgan debuted their relationship at last year's Emmy Awards and have been together ever since.
Group snap: James Snnyder, Idina Menzel, LaChanze and Anthony Rapp were a smart looking bunch
Best in show: Modern Family star Jesse Tyler Ferguson and his husband Justin Mikita attended the event
Musicals forever: Glee star Darren Criss looked suave in a crisp suit at the opening night
Ready to watch: Maura Tierney (L) and Susie Essman opted for elegant black ensembles at the special night at the Richard Rodgers Theatre in NYC
Michael was previously married to his
Dexter co-star Jennifer Carpenter - who played his onscreen half-sister
- and before that Broadway actress Amy Spanger, who perhaps spiked his
interest in theatre.
and Jennifer, 33, met while playing opposite each other on the hugely
successful show with Michael as Dexter, the lab technician by day and
serial killer by night. Jennifer in the role of his sister Deb.
They dated for a year before eloping on New Year's Eve in 2008 - which was Michael's second marriage.
Pretty in pink: Broadway star Daphne Rubin-Vega - best known for starring in Rent - opted for Spring colours
Suited up: Comedian Mario Cantone (L) and actor Brian d'Arcy James looked dapper as they showed support
Their territory: Playwright George C. Wolfe struck a pose beside actress Maura Tierney on the chilly eve
What a smile: James Snyder posed with Idina on the carpet looking dapper in a grey suit
Style mavens: Idina Menzel wore Herve Leger whilst LaChanze wore a chic Andrew Lippes number
Take a bow: The stars of the show welcomed the audience to the contemporary production
Rebuilding: Idina plays a woman who has moved to New York to create a new life for herself
Menzel stars as Elizabeth, an urban planner who arrives in New York City in her late 30s after a failed marriage.
She ends up leading parallel lives as two women - Beth and Liz - as fate and circumstances change, like a musical version of Sliding Doors.
To tell the heroines apart, Menzel wears glasses as one of them, like Clark Kent.
This also is a show about New York City and its changing face, a metaphor for Elizabeth's twin rebuilding projects.
But there's a shockingly large amount of blather about low-income housing units, daily park usage and West Side reclamation projects (One character virtually screams: 'We can rezone over 1,000 city blocks in the next three years!').
This is clearly a musical urban theorist Jane Jacobs would have loved.
It may be the first Broadway show that uses a siteline level on a tripod.
But if the show is all about New York and cities, then why did it sound so smaltzy, smooth jazzy and sleepy? No gritty guitar or big beats? Not even a little hip-hop for a show that celebrates an urban landscape?
Speaking about landscapes, what's with the huge, rotating mirror courtesy of set designer Mark Wendland? Wasn't the spinning stage, wondrous trees and bifurcating scaffolding enough? The mirror really just gave us all a super view of Anthony Rapp's skull.
Yes, the always-welcome Rapp is reunited with his old Rent co-star Menzel.
Seeing the pair go from that show set in the gritty drug- and AIDS-plagued East Village to a corporate mayoral office in If/Then is a funny subtext.
Rapp does well as Elizabeth's apparently bisexual best friend - he is her wannabe lover in one scenario, and a gay man in another - but the inherent dramatic tension between his urban organizer and her urban planner is mostly just abandoned.
Also abandoned: LaChanze, who bursts out of the gate with verve and soul only to wither in Act 2, undeveloped and left as a mere accessory.
Welcome, welcome: Jerry Dixon, James Snyder, Idina Menzel, LaChanze and Anthony Rapp took the stage to welcome their new show
The tonal difference between the two acts is striking; a whimsical comedy in the first is taken over by a series of tragedies and sadness.
One of the best crafted scenes and songs - The Moment Explodes - will bring gasps, and not just because it's a bit too manipulative.
It's set on a plane in trouble. Sometimes, real tragedies intrude on Broadway.
Kitt is always best with Menzel singing.
There's the touching duet with herself in You Learn to Live Without, and the furious Always Starting Over has the singer just prowling the stage in agony against a starry sky.
Her - unprintable here - regret song also is funny.
But too many songs lack punch, like the unfortunately titled Ain't No Man Manhattan and Hey, Kid, a new father's lullaby to his son that has so much promise but lands flat.
Lyricist and book writer Yorkey seems to think that tossing in casual expletives is coolly edgy - he actually gets more laughs with poop jokes - and he really doesn't impress by rhyming 'schmuck' and 'suck' or penning these lines for Beth: 'Some other me is homeless/Some other me is queen.'
Making fun of Arizona and Brooklyn, though, gets big chuckles.
Leading role: Idina Menzel stars in the Broadway musical alongside Anthony Rapp, LaChanze, James Snyder, Jerry Dixon, Jenn Colella, Jason Tam, Tamika Lawrence, Jackie Burns and more
Larry Keigwin's choreography is simply unfinished, as if he was a kitchen contractor called away midway through a renovation.
A few half twists and some lame jumping around from the cast is all we have.
Credit goes for attempting to explore parallel lives onstage and the acting is great, but a show with so much potential is marred by poor editing.
So, the overall answer is, if you really, really need to see and hear Menzel, then go and watch an actress wonderfully giving it her all.
But if you're of two minds, then go see Frozen and just listen to her voice.
Take a bow: Idina looked positively thrilled to be standing before the star-studded crowd
- Dramatic moment machete attacker is arrested by German police
- Spine-chilling moment ghost women trails man into taxi
- Trump supporter goes on a racist tirade during NY subway ride
- Strange phenomenon lights up the night sky over Miami
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- 'You b*****d!' Crowds shout abuse at attacker in Reutlingen
- Moment raccoon loses its rag when homeowner tries to remove it
- Shocking moment English-speaking man slaps Chinese man round face
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- German shepherd joins in with HOWLING wolves from Zootopia
- Injured man is carried on stretcher following attack in Reutlingen
- Syrian refugee, 21, hacks PREGNANT woman to death with...
- Are Theresa May and Angela Merkel in the ILLUMINATI?...
- Horrifying moment a woman is dragged off by a TIGER after...
- ENTIRE Russian team of 387 athletes will be banned from...
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text:
The Huckleberry Hound Show (1958–1962)
Episode List
Season 4
18 Aug. 1961Caveman Huck/Jinks' Jinx/Movies Are Bitter Than Ever
Caveman Huck tells us how he manages to survive in a world full of dangerous, savage animals.
25 Aug. 1961Huck of the Irish/Fresh Heir/Poached Yeggs
Ace photographer Huckleberry Hound is on a mission to be the first to photograph the Irish leprechaun.
1 Sep. 1961Jungle Bungle/Strong Mouse/Rushing Wolf Hound
Jungle Huck shows us what life in the jungle is all about.
8 Sep. 1961Bullfighter Huck/Bombay Mouse/The Glass Sneaker
The bravest matador in the world, Huckleberry Hound, shows us how to fight a bull.
15 Sep. 1961Ben Huck/Mouse Trapped/Indian Giver
In ancient Rome, Ben Huck must fight the Mad Barbarian.
22 Sep. 1961Huck de Paree/Magician Jinks/Chock Full Chuck Wagon
Huck is the great Parisian defender of law and order.
29 Sep. 1961Bars and Stripes/Meece Missiles/Bring 'Em Back a Live One
As the warden of Alkatrash Prison, Huck must deal with a prisoner who refuses to be paroled.
6 Oct. 1961Scrubby Brush Man/Homeless Jinks/A Star Is Bored
Super salesman Huck is given a dangerous secret mission, make a brush sale in the 13th district.
13 Oct. 1961Two for Tee Vee/Home Flea/West of the Pesos
T.V. repair man Huck has his job complicated by a bad dog.
20 Oct. 1961Phony-O and Juliet
27 Oct. 1961Hokey's Missing Millions
3 Nov. 1961Loot to Boot
10 Nov. 1961Guesting Games
17 Nov. 1961Sick Sense
24 Nov. 1961Aladdin's Lamb Chops
1 Dec. 1961Bean Pod'ners
24 Nov. 1961Huckleberry Hound Meets Craig
« Season 3 | Season 4


text:
U.S. Military
The United States Armed Forces are the military forces of the United States of America. They consist of the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, and Coast Guard. [ Wikipedia → ]
Page12345...Continue Reading »
LGBT pride event set to take place at Alaska military baseThursday, June 11, 2015The June 19 event at Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson will feature a drag show. It also will feature a speech by an Anchorage transgender activist.
Defense Department adds sexual orientation to non-discrimination policyWednesday, June 10, 2015Defense Secretary Ashton Carter's announcement made no reference to transgender service members, who are still banned from serving openly.
AMA: No medically valid reason to ban transgender individuals from U.S. militaryMonday, June 8, 2015The American Medical Association has adopted a policy stating there is no medically valid reason for the military's ban on transgender service members.
Air Force policy change will make it more difficult to discharge transgender troopsFriday, June 5, 2015The U.S. Air Force has announced policy changes that will make it more difficult to discharge transgender troops, a move that mirrors one made in March by the Army and puts the Pentagon a step closer…
Out Army veteran named chair of West Point Board of VisitorsMonday, March 30, 2015A 1980 West Point graduate active in the fight for gay rights in the military has been named chairwoman of the board that reviews programs at the U.S. Military Academy.
Carter getting pushback from military leaders over easing ban on transgender service membersWednesday, March 25, 2015Defense Secretary Ash Carter has gotten pushback from senior military leaders on whether the Pentagon should lift its ban on transgender people serving in the armed forces.
U.S. Army elevates authority requirement for dismissing transgender soldiersSaturday, March 7, 2015A spokeswoman emphasized the directive was not a change in policy toward transgender service members, who are still barred from serving in the military.
Military court recognizes WikiLeaks defendant Chelsea Manning as a womanThursday, March 5, 2015A military appeals court says references to Manning in all future filings, orders and decisions shall use either feminine pronouns or gender-neutral phrases.
Defense Secretary Ashton Carter: Transgender Americans should be allowed to serve openly in the militaryMonday, February 23, 2015U.S. Defense Secretary Ashton Carter said Sunday that transgender individuals should not be prevented from serving in the U.S. military solely based on their gender identity.
U.S. Army proposal would make it more difficult to discharge transgender soldiersTuesday, February 17, 2015The decision to discharge transgender soldiers from the U.S. Army would be made by a top, senior civilian official under a plan outlined in a draft document obtained by USA Today.
Page12345...Continue Reading »


text:
Bricker Spotlight
"Significant guidance" on transgender student rights
In a bold assertion of their enforcement authority over America's public schools, the U.S. Department of Education and the U.S. Department of Justice have issued "significant guidance" on the rights of transgender students.
Bricker ranked 31st largest health care firm
Modern Healthcare, an industry leader in healthcare business news, research and data, recently listed Bricker & Eckler as the 31st largest health care law practice in the country for 2016.
Department of Labor's new overtime rules
The U.S. Department of Labor announced a major change in the way it defines which employees are exempt from federal overtime law requirements. Do these changes affect you?


text:
Innovative Swirl Injector for LOX and Hydrocarbon Propellants
Award Information
Small Business Information
IN Space, L.L.C.
1220 Potter Dr., Suite 100, West Lafayette, IN, 47906-1334
Principal Investigator:
B.J. Austin
Principal Investigator
(765) 775-2107
Principal Investigator
(765) 775-2107
Business Contact:
Benjamin Austin
Business Official
(765) 775-2107
Business Official
(765) 775-2107
Research Institution:
AbstractGases trapped in the propellant feed lines of space-based rocket engines due to cryogenic propellant boil-off or pressurant ingestion can result in poor combustion efficiencies, combustion instabilities, or long startup transients. To assist NASA in the use of the high performing liquid oxygen propellant combinations in space engines, IN Space proposes to investigate the feasibility of an innovative swirl injector design for liquid oxygen and hydrocarbon propellants to achieve high combustion efficiencies, stable operation, and short and smooth startup transients despite potential two-phase oxidizer flow. Additionally anticipated benefits of the injector include low inert mass and low manufacturing costs. IN Space plans to carry out the feasibility assessment of the injector design by conducting broad parametric test fire evaluations of a notional LOX/hydrocarbon workhorse thruster based on present NASA needs to assess the effects of several design considerations on the combustion efficiency, static combustion stability, and startup transient duration performance merits. A preliminary flightweight injector design will also be generated in order to compare the estimated injector mass with similar injector designs.
* information listed above is at the time of submission.
An Official Website of the United States Government


text:
Min comment interval: 14 seconds
Remaining character count: 4000
Remaining character count: 4000
Spoiler Image
Shortcuts: "C" opens comments. "R" refreshes comments.
Record voice message?
Refresh Comments
Anonymous comments allowed.
#3 - modernclassmusic (11/05/2012) [-]
jump in a fire
#4 to #3 - mrcrowleysr (11/05/2012) [-]
that's not nice
#5 to #4 - modernclassmusic (11/05/2012) [-]
your right, don't jump in a fire, i want you to suffer a little longer
stick an eggbeater down your throat, and get it on tape
stick an eggbeater down your throat, and get it on tape


text:
Originally posted on isportsweb.com | Last updated 11/10/13
For four weeks, the silence surrounding Rick Nash was deafening. When it comes to concussions, no news is bad news. With the Rangers keeping mum, fans inevitably began fearing the worst. Was this a Sidney Crosby situation? Would Nash be forced to sit out an entire year? This wasn't – knock on wood – a Chris Pronger tale, was it? It couldn't be…right? Rick Nash could be nearing a return to the Rangers. After news finally came this weekend, it appears it is neither. Nash skated for the first time since being sidelined October 8th after reporting three to four symptom-free days. He is still closer to week-to-week than day-to-day, as a number of hurdles stand between him and an NHL game, but the fact that has emerged from the fog is an encouraging sign for the Rangers. And, of course, it's an invitation to piece Nash back into this puzzle. Aside from Henrik Lundqvist, Nash is the closest thing to indispensable the Rangers have, which makes their surge back to .500 all the more impressive. But don't buy into "addition by subtraction" – the Rangers, no matter how they've played of late, aren't a better team without Nash. So when he comes back, whether it's this week or next month, whether the Rangers have ripped off ten in a row or dropped five straight, expect Nash to slide right back into a first line type of role. Expect him to play big minutes at even strength and on the power play, and when the team needs a goal, expect him to be on the ice. That much is obvious. But what does Nash's return mean for everyone else? Who gets dropped down the depth chart? Who gets squeezed out entirely? Given the way the team has played recently, someone is bound to be dealt an unfair fate. But that's a luxury for a team that has often struggled to find enough talent in their top six. Before Nash was sidelined, he was playing on the first line with Derek Stepan and Brad Richards. Those three found some success together, but it's hard to say they'll be reunited right away. Stepan is now centering Chris Kreider and Mats Zuccarello on the top unit, and if that trio continues to emerge, Alain Vigneault will be hard pressed to separate them. Does that place Nash on the second line, then? How about this: with the resurgent Brad Richards playing between Nash and Callahan, there is no second line. And this is to say little of Carl Hagelin, who has 4 goals and 7 points through six games, and nifty-mitted forwards Derick Brassard and Benoit Pouliot. Remember what we were saying about luxury? In all likelihood, the Kreider-Stepan-Zuccarello line will run into a wall at some point, clearing space for Nash on the top unit. Stepan, the best center on this team, will stay up there with him, but it's anybody's guess as to who will slide into that second wing spot. My money's on Hagelin, who can play with Nash's pace through the middle of the ice and track down pucks in the offensive zone. When the dust settles on Nash's return, the odd man out may be Zuccarello. Kreider has established himself as a top-six forward under Vigneault, and it's hard to make a case against any one of Nash, Stepan, Hagelin, Richards and Callahan. And Zuccarello, though an effective offensive player, has little value on the third or fourth line. If he wants to stick around the Rangers, he'll have to stick around the top six. All of this is admittedly premature. Nash needs to work himself back into shape, start skating with his teammates, and eventually begin taking contact in practice. And through all of that, the headaches must stay away. That last condition is a volatile one. Still, with the news that Nash is on the road to recovery, it's hard not to be excited for this Rangers team. They have won six of eight, have surrendered two goals or less in nine straight, and are beginning to find the back of the net with more regularity. And they're doing it all without Rick Nash, a first-rate, pure-bread goal scorer whose mere presence on the ice makes this team better. The Rangers have found their game. When Nash comes back and finds his, it's "heads up!" for the rest of the NHL.
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text:
Upcoming Events
August 9 Registration 12:00-6:00
August 22 Unpack Your Backpack 4:30-6:00
August 23 1st Day of School 1st-5th
August 24 1:25 Dismissal
August 24 1st Day of School Kindergarten
Buchanan Elementary School
Principal: Rachel Ivory
SAM: Mary Thissen
4515 N. Fairmount Street
Davenport, Iowa 52806
Phone: (563) 391-1463
August 9 Registration 12:00-6:00
August 22 Unpack Your Backpack 4:30-6:00
August 23 1st Day of School 1st-5th
August 24 1:25 Dismissal
August 24 1st Day of School Kindergarten
Check out our Student and Parent Resources Tab to review our Student Handbook and our School Dress Code.
Check out our Classroom Happenings tab (updated at the beginning of each month) for the latest news going on in your grade level!
Office Hours 7:00-3:30
Breakfast 7:10-7:30
School Day 7:30-2:25 (Wednesday 1:25 Dismissal)
To ensure the safety of all students, thank you for following our procedures for car lane pick up at dismissal. Students will not be able to enter vehicles in the driveway at the front of the building. They should be exiting out the north doors and waiting for an adult to load them into their vehicle. If you wish to exit your vehicle, please pull around into a parking place.
From Student Handbook:
If you need a student name card for your vehicle, please contact Mrs. Johnson in the office. Name cards allow for a more efficient dismissal. Thank you for your support.
Attendance is one of the major keys to student success. Here at Buchanan, we have a new initiative focusing on attendance. The next time you visit the school, check out our Perfect Attendance Bus in the hallway near the cafeteria. Every day that all students are present, their class is mentioned on the next morning's announcements for having perfect attendance and they earn a star to be placed under their teacher's picture on the bus.
Incentives for Perfect Attendance may include an extra recess, a prize from the prize cart, a popcorn party, or a pizza party. The students are very excited about this. They LOVE hearing their class mentioned on the announcements and of course the prizes they earn. Please read over Attendance Works to learn the importance of attendance and how you can help us achieve our goal of having every student here and on time!!
If you have any further questions please contact Ms. Bergert at 563-391-1463 or at firstname.lastname@example.com
Register for Engineering Kids Camp this summer at the Putnam. Scholarships are available.
Click the link below for all the orchestra news.
Julia Cook has become one of America's most recognized authors of guidance storybooks for children. As a former teacher and guidance counselor, Julia writes practical, easy to use stories that not only make a positive difference, but are fun to read. Her storybooks have become staples in elementary schools and homes throughout America, as they continue to thrill young students.
Buchanan was lucky to have Julia Cook visit for the entire day, May 9. She read stories, talked about book publishing and urged kids to "be better". http://www.juliacookonline.com


text:
Free personalized radio that
plays the music you love
Khoobsurat Hasina Jane Jaa
Features of This Trackmale lead vocals
a sophisticated song form
acoustic instrumentation
acoustic guitar
a string ensemble
prominent percussion
mallet percussion
influences of Indian Pop-Rock music
These are just a few of the hundreds of attributes cataloged for this track by the Music Genome Project.show more
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text:
Hatteras Island Real Estate: Frequently Asked Questions
Each summer, our columnist answers some questions that prospective buyers and sellers frequently ask about Hatteras real estate. Here is the summer 2016 version.
....Read more
Hatteras Island Real Estate: Are your insurance coverages adequate
Since the 2016 tropical cyclone season started June 1, the word "hurricane" seems to work its way into conversations and press reports on a regular basis. As the storms approach the U.S. mainland, residents and property owners can be expected to start scurrying to find their insurance policies to confirm their protection coverages. After the weather clears, the focal point of attention turns toward policy claims.
With graphic images still in our minds of the devastation of coastal areas in Louisiana and New Jersey after past storms, this is an opportune time to review some of the issues associated with insurance protection of our properties.
....Read more
Hatteras Island Real Estate: What's hot and what's not
Every now and then it is both informative and fun -- for those readers who like numbers -- to take a look at market data at both a general overview and more detailed levels. Island Free Press real estate columnist Tom Hranicka gives readers a summary of real estate sales on the island through April of this year.
....Read more
Hatteras Island Real Estate: First quarter market report
When we look back on the first three months of 2016, real estate results are mixed. The number of sales of both residential properties and undeveloped lots are down from the January to March period in 2015. However, the average and median sale prices are higher than last year for the same time period. The total dollar value of residential sales was up a little over 8 percent, while the corresponding result for lot sales was down nearly 19 percent.
....Read more
Sea Gull Motel changes hands after more than 60 years
The Sea Gull Motel – a familiar Hatteras Village motel that has been run by the Oden family for more than 60 years – has reached the end of an era.
The property was sold last week to SAGA Construction of Kill Devil Hills, and while for now there's little indication that a change has occurred – with the exception of a new Kees Vacations placard that's subtly tucked under the main Sea Gull Motel sign – the owners, locals, and long-time visitors alike are fully aware that in a small town like Hatteras, the transfer comes with a big dose of sentimentality and nostalgia.
....Read more
Hatteras Island Real Estate: Changes in flood insurance costs
Beginning on April 1, a number of changes took place in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). The changes that could have the most direct effect on policyholders are those related to premium increases.
....Read more
Studio 12 opens in a new Avon location
After spending the better part of the past year renovating the old "pink building" on Highway 12 in Avon, owners Carolyn and Gary Schena today opened their business, Studio 12, in a new location in Avon.
You will now find Studio 12 at 41008 Highway 12, situated across from the Avon Pier and in between Surf or Sound Realty and Hatteras Island Boardsports, in a building that is now painted a cheerful green.
....Read more


text:
== Search results for santa paula car show october 27 ==
Searched file: santa paula car show october 27
*Filename: santa paula car show october 27.zip
*Year: 2015
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*Uploaded: 02/27/2015 00:07:41
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*Supported OS: All
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The Yellow Submarine and the Partenopei are ready to go into battle once more.
Much is expected of Villarreal's Europa League encounter against Napoli, but the first leg wholly failed to live up to expectations. In the opening match between the two generally attractive sides, there were few good opening for either team, resulting in a rather stale 0-0 draw. The tie is therefore in the balance as the teams prepare for act two.
After challenging so effectively for a place in the top three for so long, the wheels have come off Villarreal's season a little in recent weeks. Over the course of their last three league encounters, Juan Carlos Garrido's men have not only lost their unbeaten home record to a rather modest Levante side, they've also failed to beat struggling Deportivo La Coruna and stuttered to a 1-1 weekend draw against Malaga.
While finishing fourth in the Primera Division is clearly their primary aim for the campaign, the Spaniards also hope to make real progress in Europe. "If we were knocked out of the Europa League by Napoli on Thursday, we would be disappointed, because we have high hopes for it. A 0-0 draw in the first leg was not a bad result, but a draw with goals would have been better," Cani affirmed.
"Napoli are a great team with good players who are enjoying a great season in the league. That means that this is going to be a tough game, and we are going to have to produce a great game if we want to progress."
With their domestic season ailing somewhat, Garrido will look to use Thursday's fixture as an opportunity to spark some life back into his men. At home, they have to be considered favourites.
Focus On Villarreal
Tending to play in an offensively-minded 3-4-3 system, Napoli are considered to be one of the most attractive Serie A sides to watch. Though they've got a strong defensive record this season, they rarely look totally at ease at the back, and boasting an offence that is capable of some explosive play, excitement is generally a factor when they play.
A strong domestic campaign has left the Partenopei very well placed in Serie A. They lie only three points behind leaders Milan, but on Sunday they have a big encounter against the Rossoneri that could make-or-break their campaign. Neapolitan thoughts will not be drifting towards that big encounter on Sunday, president Aurelio De Laurentiis has assured the media.
"For now I am not thinking about Milan, but Spain, and Villarreal," he said. "It will be a great meeting. They never scored in the first leg, and this is good because a goal away is worth two.
"We hope we can score and our goal is to get through in the Europa League."
Last weekend, Napoli kept their title hopes alive with a narrow 1-0 victory over struggling Cesena, with the only goal arriving from Juan Camilo Zuniga. Though not a spectacular result by any means, a repeat would be heartily welcomed.
Veteran midfielder Marcos Senna will be sidelined for this encounter, while Angel Lopez is absent for the remainder of the season due to injury.
Carlos Marchena is banned.
Luigi Vitale and Gianluca Grava are injured, while fellow defender Salvatore Aronica is banned. Cristiano Lucarelli is missing from the offense.
Follow Goal.com on to get the latest soccer news directly. Check out Goal.com's page; be part of the best soccer fan community in the world!


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Russia expands its role in Syria, Greece (NATO member) considers US request to deny airspace
As the effects of the Syrian civil war spill over into Europe and Latin America, Vladimir Putin has publically confirmed that the Russian military is active on the side of Bashar al-Assad against the rebels and IS. Making strange bedfellows with the US and Iran, Russian air strikes have been confirmed as taking place in IS-controlled territory in eastern Syria. Meanwhile, France is preparing to launch air strikes against IS at the same time that Greece is considering the US request to deny Russia airspace and landing rights to launch air strikes from its territory.
Secretary of State John Kerry is warning Russia that its increased involvement risks obstructing the anti-
IS coalition efforts, due to the fact that Russia is conducting its operations without coordination with other forces. However, observers in Moscow speculate that Putin may be trying to curry favor by launching strikes against IS, seeking a reprieve of sanctions that have crippled the Russian economy. For its part, Russia defends its involvement in Syria as one in the same in the fight against terrorism.
Developments on the field may have forced Russia's hand: reports state that IS and Syrian Army forces are engaged in a battle for control of the Jazal oil field, which is the last remaining facility under Assad's control. While both sides have claimed victory, the pattern of attacks by IS on Assad strongholds points to a greater boldness on the part of IS to gain momentum as they inch closer to Damascus.
Iran deal after effects continue
As the nuclear deal continues to work its way through Congress, the Iranian leadership is now active in offering peace negotiations with the US and other powers over the Syrian war. While remaining a steadfast supporter of Assad along with Russia, the remarks were offered during a press conference with Austrian President Heinz Fischer, who is currently visiting Tehran in an apparent bid to line up business and trade deals as the sanctions on Iran are lifted in the wake of the nuclear deal.
As previously noted, Russia is now actively involved in the war, while Iran continues its support of Assad behind the scenes and through its Hezbollah proxy. This apparent about-face may be a tactic to divert attention as IS continues its advance and plots to break through to Damascus.
Must read: Iranian Warships Confront U.S. Navy On 'Daily Basis'
Routinely photographed by Iranians for intelligence purposes
"U.S. naval forces operating in and around the Strait of Hormuz, a critical shipping lane, are "routinely approached by Iranian warships and aircraft" on a "nearly daily basis," according to a Pentagon official familiar with operations in the region."
Also see:


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Overlap-Add STFT Processing
Another signal processing link that I think I need to understand:
WA0D on AO-51
The weather here is terrible, and standing outside with an antenna in your hand just isn't that much fun. But I did manage to handle a few minutes outside. It was rainy, it was cold, but I managed to get WA0D EM12 in Texas before I moved inside (where the noise increased a lot). Not a very pleasant pass to listen to. I think I'll skip the normal recording.


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Videos tagged "debreberhanselassiechurch"
Trekking in the Simien Mountains, Ethiopia06:09
Catch up with the Trekking the Planet team as they cover their time in Ethiopia. In this video, you will see the Blue Nile, gaze on the ancient monasteries around Lake Tana as well as witness the…+ More details
What are Tags?
Tags are keywords that describe videos. For example, a video of your Hawaiian vacation might be tagged with "Hawaii," "beach," "surfing," and "sunburn."


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I like big butts and I cannot lie.
You may not know this but wearing or not wearing tank tops is a hot issue in the Melbourne community.
This is some huge shit.
Try reading this stuff out loud to someone. It's hillarious. Really, try it.
We got some funny *'s up in here. I love the guy who makes the pictures.
Clubbing is a great career path.
That'a boy.
Shut up retard.
TOTAL WRECK - crazy-eyed hound is covered in cobwebs, has a vespiary on back, graffiti on side and savage thirst for boat fuel. Frankly, I'm in over my head. He's in room 115 at Motel 6, yours free. 555-2851
Yes, it's the perfect form for surviving a car crash. But it's also the perfect form for so much more, like surviving the trauma of reading any news headline in 2016.
Thirty games and a novel piece of hardware for sixty dollars? This is an insult to my honor.
Selling objects to the past, lighters, weed, etc. Pretty intriguing stuff.
Title of this one pretty much says it all. If it's what you're looking for, then uh, look no further
There are hundreds of stories happening on the World Wide Web. Let me tell you, that's a very wide web. Our goal at Weekend Web is to bring you the latest headlines from around the Internet. We go into the very bowels of message boards everywhere and find out what millions of online citizens have to say.
Copyright ©2016 Rich "Lowtax" Kyanka & Something Awful LLC.


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Rumour – Awesomenauts DLC characters uncovered
Ruin the joy of surprises thanks to the diligent detective work of Awesomenauts fans.
A Gamefaqs member managed to pull sprite sheets out of the game's data, apparently unearthing the two characters Romino Games is currently preparing for DLC release.
Other users then put their heads together and compiled impressive information dumps on Coco Nebulon and Derpl Zork.
As Romino's official stance is that the DLC characters are still being balanced ahead of release, these details must be considered tenuous at present.
Awesomenauts has already generated over 500,000 games since its PlayStation Network and Xbox Live launch earlier this month.
Thanks, Joystiq.
Sometimes we include links to online retail stores. If you click on one and make a purchase we may receive a small commission. For more information, go here.


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You said you wanted paintings only, but some of these are not paintings.
Added today
Man Ray(1890-1976)The Red Knight(1938)
Which ones are not paintings?
Charles-Ambroise-Napoléon Maignien (1805 - 1881)Chessplayer (1865)
Shaul Nameri (b 1942)The Chess Player (1973)
Great work.
Beautiful but why not colours?
i would say.. it's a battle between black and white :))
There is a lot of life in it
Martin Andrew (b 1976)Chess game (2003)
This is Estragon when the fog has lifted
William Gropper(1897 - 1977)Chess Player(1950)
Of yours, post #35, 57, 81 (looks charcol), 95-99, 105 doesn't look like paint, and there are more, but I think you get the point.
Now, pictures created by an artist would be a better criteria, but a photographer would argue that they're artists too, and that most other painters capture life just like they do, except the painter is slower. If you required that it be by hand, then some of these might be digitally created and/or modified (I'm thinking of #35, but don't know one way or another.)
See, it's hard to define the requirements!
Paintings/Drawings. Is simple Cavalier.
The collage doesn't fit, then :-p
Chess art in the theater
You mean post~#150 Clavalier?
Tantale did not say that was included or ''added'' but was merely asking a question about it.
I like good art= these portray the chess game in diferent life positions
chess improving
by Adaam123 13 minutes ago
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If there were only 1 chess book you could reccomend what would it be ?
by Immoney5252 24 minutes ago
Chess mentor courses and videos on Queen's Gambit
by ajaipradeep9 25 minutes ago
Why I absolutely HATE playing the King's Gambit Opening!
by Nuanese 36 minutes ago
Your game deeply annotated by a GM
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Who will win World Chess Championship 2016?
by Stolen_Authenticity 42 minutes ago
Queen's Gambit, why cxd or dxc stuff
by Rumo75 44 minutes ago
Best French Defence Books
by kindaspongey 52 minutes ago
My victory against THE ELEPHANT GAMBIT OPENING!
by MarcoBR444 52 minutes ago
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Highlights: J.J. Walker
A 6-0 175 WR from Linden who attended Linden-Kildare
2012 Fall Camp First Practice
The Owls held their first practice of their 2012 Fall Camp at Rice Stadium on Saturday.
Exciting prospect from Northeast Texas who will look to crack the wide receiver rotation.
Linden-Kildare High School
All District 8-2A D2 selection as a senior for Jerry Bennett ... Earned All NE Texas honors at defensive back... Caught 30 passes for 713 yards and 11 TDs on offense and picked off a pair of passes on defense... Won the 2A Texas Triple Jump title with a leap of 49-06.75,which was the fourth-best jump among all competitors in all classes at the state track meet... Also played basketball.
Full Name: Jerreck D'Trell Walker.. Born: August 17, 1992 in Ore City... Parents: Pamela Walker, Linden and Raymond Walker, Ore City, (two brothers)... Mother competed in track at Texas Tech... Rice major: undeclared.
|Lovett College
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Dillard Named to a Pair of Watch Lists
07/17/2016 - Senior running back Darik Dillard was named to the Wuerffel Trophy Watch List while also being named as a nominee for the 25th annual Allstate AFCA...
Rice Earns C-USA Institutional Excellence Award
07/12/2016 - For the ninth time in the past 11 years, Rice University student-athletes earned the Conference USA Institutional Excellence Award in 2015-16 by...
Fall Football Reception Set for Aug. 24
07/11/2016 - The 2016 Rice Fall Football Reception has been set for Wednesday, Aug. 24, at Houston's St. Arnold Brewery (2000 Lyons Ave.) from 7-9 p.m.
Cella Named to Mackey Award Watch List
07/06/2016 - Rice tight end Connor Cella is one of 45 tight ends who have been named to the 2016 John Mackey Award preseason watch list, which was released on...
New Video Board Dramatically Upgrades Rice...
06/27/2016 - Rice Owls football fans will soon enjoy a dramatically enhanced experience during games at Rice Stadium when the installation of a new scoreboard...
Lyons Leads Six Owls on Athlon's Preseason C-US...
06/17/2016 - Senior linebacker Alex Lyons leads a group of six Rice players who have been named by Athlon Sports to its preseason All-Conference USA team, which...
beIN to Broadcast UTSA Game
06/08/2016 - The Rice Owls will make their debut on beIN Network at 6 p.m. on October 12 when they host the UTSA Roadrunners at Rice Stadium. The broadcast was ...
Al Conover Passes Away
06/07/2016 - Former Rice head football coach Al Conover, whose four-year stint with the Owls was highlighted by notable wins and many colorful moments, has...
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As a pet lover, you probably love to take your pet with you when you travel. If you are traveling to the Farmington, New Mexico area and want to take your pooch along, there are plenty of pet-friendly hotels for you to choose from, though hotels vary in amenities.
La Quinta Inn Farmington
The La Quinta Inn Farmington is a small inn that offers a variety of rooms including suites. Pets are welcome. They also offer free Internet, free breakfast, free parking, free local calls and an outdoor pool. La Quinta Inn Farmington 675 Scott Avenue Farmington, NM 87401 505-327-4706 lq.com
Motel 6 in Farmington
Motel 6 in Farmington, New Mexico is right off US 64 and near the airport. This pet-friendly hotel offers free local calls, free coffee, an outdoor pool and wireless Internet for a small fee. Pets may stay free unless they pose a risk, in which case they are not allowed. Pets also must be on a leash at all times outside of your room. Motel 6 in Farmington 1600 Bloomfield Boulevard Farmington, NM 87401 505-326-4501 Motel6.com
Comfort Inn
The Comfort Inn in Farmington, New Mexico is a pet-friendly hotel. They accept all size pets. In addition to their pet-friendly policy, they also offer free continental breakfast, free coffee, free local calls, free newspaper and a seasonal outdoor pool. The rooms are simple and clean and have free internet access. Comfort Inn 555 Scott Avenue Farmington, NM 87401 505-325-2626 ComfortInn.com
Holiday Inn Express Farmington
A well-reviewed hotel, the Holiday Inn Express is also a pet-friendly hotel in Farmington, New Mexico. The Holiday Inn Express in Farmington offers the most amenities out of all the Farmington hotels. Their amenities include complimentary business services such as internet, faxing and copying. They also have a pool, Jacuzzi, complimentary breakfast bar and their hotel is 100 percent smoke free. Holiday Inn Express Farmington 2110 Bloomfield Boulevard Farmington, NM 87401 505-325-2545 Farmington-Hotel.com
Photo Credits
- girl lying with a dog on her lap image by eigi from Fotolia.com


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LakeSong@LennoxHead - Pet Friendly
From $230 per night
123 properties
Prices may be subject to additional charges including a credit card surcharge.
From $141 per night
If you want accommodation ranging from holiday apartments to last minute accommodation deals, you'll find great accommodation options for your stay in Lennox Head!
Many properties in Lennox Head offer great last minute accommodation deals to ensure that you enjoy your perfect holiday!


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Hit or Miss: Jen Blanco
Best friends enjoy success as Little League All-Stars
LAKEWOOD RANCH — Twelve-year-old goalkeeper Trevor Mulqueen lay flat on his back in the middle of the field, staring up in disbelief.
Southeast High freshman Zoë Hawkins-Smyk crossed the finish line in 6:09.10 to win the 1,600 meters and help lead the Lady Seminoles to a second-place finish at the Class 2A-District 10 meet April 12. The 15-year-old also anchored the 4x800 relay to a first-place finish. Here is an inside look at this week's Athlete of the Week.
The East Manatee River Dawgs, which is affiliated with the Fellowship of Christian Athletes, added 9U and 13U teams.
Gulf Coast Fellowship of Christian Athletes members gathered April 16, at the Polo Grill and Bar's Fete Ballroom, for the FCA's Annual Spring Banquet, this year featuring legendary coach Bobby Bowden.
The Second District Court of Appeal in Lakeland has refused to overturn former Braden River High football coach Josh Hunter's 10-year prison sentence for a 2009 drunk driving accident that killed his best friend and fellow coach Doug Garrity.
The Lakewood Ranch High boys and girls tennis teams both won their respective regional finals April 12 to advance to the Class 3A state tournament April 17-20 in Altamonte Springs.
The Sarasota Crew collected 11 medals en route to winning the 2012 FSRA State Sculling Championship April 15.


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Release Date:
April 16, 2013
Rating: nr - Suitable for Children
Lt. Dick Chasen (Casey Adams) narrates the strange story of Charles "Butcher" Benton (Lon Chaney, Jr.), a condemned man who came back for revenge. In prison, Butcher refuses to reveal to his crooked lawyer Lowe (Ross Elliott) where he hid $600,000 from a bank robbery. Even though he's due to be executed, Butcher vows revenge on Lowe and his partners, Squeamy (Marvin Ellis) and Joe (Ken Terrell). Lowe visits ****** Eva (Marion Carr), to whom Butcher has sent a map of the spot in the Los Angeles sewer system where he hid the loot, but Lowe opens the letter first, and secretly takes the map. After the execution, Butcher's body is taken to San Francisco scientist Prof. Bradshaw (Robert Shayne) who's trying for a cure for cancer, but instead his experiments bring Butcher back to life. His cellular structure has been increased to the point where he's nearly indestructible, and he is incredibly strong. He kills the scientist and his assistant, and heads for Los Angeles. When ****** Eva turns out to be very different from the person he was expecting, Dick becomes attracted to her. Butcher, who can no longer speak, arrives and learns she doesn't have the map. Aware of Butcher's vow, he tries to inform Squeamy, but Butcher kills both Squeamy and Joe. The panic-stricken Lowe punches a cop and gets tossed in jail as a way of hiding from Butcher; when the cops threaten to release him, he talks and reveals the map. Butcher overhears Dick and the others planning to take care of him with flamethrowers, but just as he finds the loot, he's hit with a bazooka and blasted with the flamethrowers. Hideously burned, he leaves the sewers and climbs to the top of a big crane, which runs into high tension wires, and Butcher is disintegrated. And in the end, Dick and Eva get together. ~ Bill Warren, Rovi
- Genre: Sci-Fi & Fantasy
- Category Crime Thriller, Sci-Fi Horror
- Theme: Experiments Gone Awry, Disfigured Criminals, Criminal's Revenge
- Studio: Retro Media
- Run Time: 01 hr 13 min
- Language: English
- Picture Format: widescreen
- Release Date: April 16, 2013
- Lead Actor: Marian Carr , Lon Chaney , Jr. , Marvin Ellis , Casey Adams , Ross Elliott
- Supporting Actor: Robert Shayne , Ken Terrell , Stuart Randall
- Director: Jack Pollexfen
other Info.
- Online Item #: 14536271
- Store Item Number (DPCI): 246-09-4997
- Made in the USA or Imported


text:
February 17, 2016
"It does not do to dwell on dreams and forget to live." ― J.K. Rowling
January 16, 2016
"Happiness is not something ready made. It comes from your own actions." ― Dalai Lama XIV
January 1, 2016
"This is where it all begins. Everything starts here, today." ― David Nicholls
December 28, 2015
"Hope Smiles from the threshold of the year to come, Whispering 'it will be happier'…" ― Alfred Lord Tennyson
December 22, 2015
"I will honor Christmas in my heart, and try to keep it all the year." ― Charles Dickens
December 10, 2015
"There is nothing in the world so irresistibly contagious as laughter and good humor." ― Charles Dickens
December 7, 2015
"Success is not final, failure is not fatal: it is the courage to continue that counts." ― Winston S. Churchill


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Comment if only life was this easy (Score 2) 379
lots of comments here are saying 'get a life', 'get out', 'stay away from them if they make you miserable'
if only life was this easy
'get out' of the place you have been dedicating a lot of work
'get a life' when life and internet are something mixed up together now, and the people you most speak with are the one part of the community you are supposed to leave
'stay away from them if they make you miserable' and ignore all the ones that make your life brighter
i was part of a wiki community (UrbanDead Wiki), and it was a toxic environment at times. There were several occasions were i felt bad about what was happening there, and left it for a while, only to return a few weeks later and resume my work there. In other occasions, i prolly was the toxic guy, which helped drive some users away from it. Its insane, and full of Drama, and reflects the same kind of toxicity that i noticed on Wikipedia and other Wikimedia communities. Its not part of the code, but its something embedded on it like a curse.


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The native stem cell niche is a dynamic and complex microenvironment. Recapitulating this niche is a critical focus within the fields of stem cell biology, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine and requires the development of well-defined, tunable materials. Recent biomaterial design strategies seek to create engineered matrices that interact with cells at the molecular scale and allow on-demand, cell-triggered matrix modifications. Peptide and protein engineering can accomplish these goals through the molecular-level design of bioinductive and bioresponsive materials. This brief review focuses on engineered peptide and protein materials suitable for use as in vitro neural stem cell niche mimics and in vivo central nervous system repair. A key hallmark of these materials is the immense design freedom to specify the exact amino acid sequence leading to multi-functional bulk materials with tunable properties. These advanced materials are engineered using rational design strategies to recapitulate key aspects of the native neural stem cell niche. The resulting materials often combine the advantages of biological matrices with the engineering control of synthetic polymers. Future design strategies are expected to endow these materials with multiple layers of bi-directional feedback between the cell and the matrix, which will lead to more advanced mimics of the highly dynamic neural stem cell niche.
The native neural stem cell niche is still largely unknown and highly transient. While certain areas of the body are known to contain stem cells, and within the adult central nervous system (CNS) we are aware of neurogenic regions such as the subventricular zone [20] and dentate gyrus [27], the exact contacts these cells make and their immediate microenvironment is still a poorly defined idea. For neural stem cells (NSCs) specifically, it is proposed that they are highly concentrated around blood vessels where they reside in close contact with both endothelial cells (ECs) and astrocytes [90]. Both ECs and astrocytes produce molecules important to NSC self-renewal and differentiation [74,71]. Adding further complexity, the presence or absence of mature neurons can influence the fate of new NSCs through a feedback loop [19].
The NSC niche, like all tissues, is a constantly changing microenvironment with many factors at play. Soluble factors including cytokines, neurotrophic or growth factors, and differentiation cues are constantly synthesized, secreted, transported, and depleted. In addition, these diffusible, soluble factors may temporarily bind to components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) such as hyaluronin and laminin, thus further modifying the niche. Several components of the ECM present cell-adhesion ligands in different conformations and densities. The density of the matrix itself affects a cell's ability to migrate, and matrix stiffness has been shown to impact the differentiation of NSCs [48,64,2]. The ECM is constantly being remodeled by NSC neighbors such as glial cells and capillary-lining ECs through matrix synthesis and degradation. Furthermore, the location of cells within these niches impacts their access to molecules even as small as oxygen. Deep tissue may be considered hypoxic in comparison to other tissues, and oxygen tension is a critical cue for stem cell maintenance and differentiation [58]. These dynamic niche processes create an environment in which cells must constantly sense and respond in real time. This series of dynamic feedback is hypothesized to be a critical ingredient to modulate NSC fate.
Recapitulating the stem cell niche is a critical goal of tissue engineers and biologists alike. Ideally, an engineered niche would include both spatial organization and dynamic modulation of cells, soluble factors, and matrix. While biomaterials technologies are being developed to address these needs [51], currently available matrices often lack this level of complexity. Nonetheless, even simplified models of the NSC niche are invaluable as reductionist models of cell–microenvironment interactions and as potential scaffolds for regenerative CNS therapies. This reductionist strategy asserts that not all aspects of the in vivo niche are required to create an in vitro mimic that guides specific cell responses, even while acknowledging that all of these cues are present and likely affecting cells in vivo. In order to study specific features of the NSC environment, many groups have attempted to engineer materials that allow isolation of individual variables, such as stiffness, without varying others, such as the density of ligands for integrin binding. For example, materials with tunable mechanical properties have been engineered to mediate NSC self-renewal and differentiation as well as astrocytic activation and glial scarring [48,64,2]. Such materials can be complex in their design and structure, but also elegantly simple.
In this review, we discuss engineered peptide and protein biomaterials that are designed at the molecular level to mimic critical aspects of the NSC niche. We explain the rationale for using peptide and protein design to create NSC niche mimics, illustrate design strategies to create controlled materials with tunable properties, and highlight recent advances in translating these materials to regenerative therapies. We conclude with a discussion of current efforts and future opportunities to move beyond reductionist approaches and to increase the complexity of peptide-engineered materials. In particular, efforts at making these materials more bio-responsive and bio-inductive by introducing dynamic feedback into the system will be instrumental in furthering fundamental studies and therapeutic applications of cell–niche interactions.
Engineered peptide and protein materials provide the advantages of a biological matrix with the control of a synthetic polymer. They could be considered a merger of the two, retaining the bioactivity of harvested protein materials, like collagen and fibrin, with the control and tunability of synthetic, chemically defined materials, such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA).
Most cell–matrix studies to date have utilized native ECM molecules harvested from tissues, e.g., laminin, fibrin, collagen, and Matrigel. These bioactive materials are often highly cell adhesive; however, they suffer from large batch-to-batch variations in chemical makeup and mechanical properties. Although these materials can be used as either two-dimensional (2D) coatings or 3D hydrogels, they are ill suited for controlled studies of cell–matrix interactions. For example, decreasing the stiffness of a collagen gel can be achieved by decreasing the collagen concentration; however this also results in a decrease of adhesive ligand concentration and an increase in diffusivity, thus confounding the anticipated effects with additional variables. Furthermore, harvested materials, such as Matrigel, are often a mixture of multiple, ill-defined components. As a consequence, Matrigel is unlikely to meet FDA criteria for clinical applications and is a non-ideal culture choice for cells with clinical potential.
Engineered peptide and protein materials are uniquely positioned to meet the desire for a bioactive scaffold that is completely defined and tailorable. Designing these proteins from the molecule up gives users a great deal of flexibility and creativity while also enforcing strict reproducibility. Peptide and protein material design can not only provide specificity in structure, cellular interaction, neighboring protein binding and dynamic events, but can also create additional functionality such as reaching adhesive site densities not possible with native materials [73]. Such molecular-level design leads to new strategies and affords greater control over resulting matrices than using harvested or synthetic materials. Both peptide and protein engineered materials have a polymer backbone made of amino acid sequences that are inherently bioactive and bioresorbable. These sequences can be derived from nature or identified through computational design or high-throughput screening to achieve functionalities beyond what are capable with native materials. Typically these bioactive sequences are utilized as functional building blocks in the modular design of engineered peptide and protein materials (Fig. 1). This mix-and-match strategy enables enormous creativity in the design of matrices with tunable mechanical, chemical, and biological properties. In the next two sections, we discuss several examples of this bio-inspired design strategy to create NSC niche mimics from engineered peptide and protein materials.
Synthetic approaches for peptide materials, i.e., short chains of amino acids, are quite different from protein materials, i.e., long chains of amino acids; however, both strategies allow researchers the unique ability to program the exact monomer sequence within the biopolymer. Utilization of synthetic peptides as a component within engineered biomaterials is now a standard technique. For example, peptides have been grafted to a variety of synthetic polymers to endow the material with cell-adhesive, enzymatically degradable, and growth factor-binding properties [89,17,66,68,37,39]. Common amino acid sequences employed to replicate the in vivo niche include cell-adhesive domains derived from collagen (DGEA, RGD), laminin (IKVAV, RGD, YIGSR), and fibronectin (REDV, RGDS).
More recently, groups have started using peptides not only as biofunctional modules that decorate synthetic polymers, but also as structural components that dictate the underlying network of the matrix. These structural components are often based on totally new peptide domains conceived through rational design based on predictable amino acid interactions. As with all polymeric materials, molecular interactions dictate the nanoscale architecture and the resulting bulk material properties. Through choice of amino acid monomer sequence, the peptides can predictably fold into secondary structures, such as α-helices and β-sheets, that further self-assemble through complementary electrostatic and/or hydrophilic/hydrophobic interactions. As a consequence, these peptides are programmed to organize into hierarchical forms like tubes, fibers, or micelles by controlling the processing conditions during self-assembly [16]. Microscopic structures such as fibers are a hallmark of native ECM, but have been difficult to reproduce with synthetic materials, which are typically amorphous hydrogels. In contrast, peptide engineered materials are commonly characterized by fibrous strands, providing a simple method to replicate this key aspect of ECM structure [16,35,94,59].
Typically, peptide hydrogels created through rational design are programmed to self-assemble into fibrous hydrogels under physiological conditions without the need for chemical crosslinkers. Often the individual peptide units are amphiphilic; they contain two distinct regions that are hydrophilic and hydrophobic. Under specific temperature, pH, and salt conditions, the hydrophobic domains self-associate to exclude water leaving the hydrophilic domains exposed on the surface of a fibril-like strand. As an example, peptide amphiphiles that utilize an increasingly hydrophobic sequence of four alanines, three glycines, and 16 alkyl groups have been designed to display hydrophilic, cell-adhesive IKVAV peptides (Fig. 1B) [36]. In aqueous conditions at pH 7.4, the molecules organize to form transparent 3D hydrogels with a composition of only 0.5 wt% matrix material, the remainder being aqueous cell culture medium. As a 3D culture matrix, these hydrogels support encapsulated neural progenitor cell (NPC) growth and differentiation into neurons at higher efficiencies than standard laminin-coated tissue culture plates [73].
Another example of amphiphilic directed assembly is a 200-amino-acid-long peptide family designed with hydrophilic polyelectrolyte segments and hydrophobic helical domains [59]. Termed diblock copolypeptide hydrogels (DCH), the molecules self-assemble in aqueous solution to form long fibril nanostructures that branch and entangle to create a 3D hydrogel network. Through an iterative design process, the researchers varied the length of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic segments to develop a fundamental understanding of the resulting structural properties and to gain control over hydrogel properties such as stiffness, porosity, and stability.
Both of these peptide amphiphile hydrogels associate through non-covalent interactions, thus making them thixotropic, i.e., they can be shear-thinned into a flowing liquid by applying force. Upon removal of force, the molecules re-assemble into a hydrogel network with a characteristic time scale. This opens up the possibility of clinically applying these materials through direct injection, enabling minimally invasive patient delivery.
Perhaps the most familiar peptide hydrogel is PuraMatrix™, commercially available since 2001. Also called self-assembling peptide nanofiber scaffolds (SAPNS) and RADA peptides based on their repeating amino acid sequence, they too form nanostructured fibrillar hydrogels under physiological salt conditions [94]. The base of this class of peptides is a 16 amino acid sequence, RADA repeated four times end to end (Fig. 1A). RADA-based hydrogels form through ionic bonding between arginine (R) and aspartic acid (D) monomers on neighboring β-sheet molecules and through hydrophic interactions between the interspersed alanine (A) sites. The original PuraMatrix, consisting of the RADA 16-mer, does not contain any biologically active domains but is conducive to neuronal growth, synapse formation, and drug delivery [57,40]. Proliferative NPCs (BrdU- and nestin-positive) grew out of an organotypic hippocampal slice culture and into the adjacent RADA peptide matrix [69]. Human fetal NSCs also proliferated and underwent induced neuronal differentiation when cultured in 3D RADA hydrogels [83]. Recent modifications to this 16-mer peptide have expanded the library with bioactive sequences. In one example, a bone marrow homing peptide (BMHP1) was fused to the RADA sequence [28]. Interestingly, insertion of a short spacer between the bioactive sequence and the structural segment improved hydrogel stability and exposure of the bioactive motif, leading to greater NSC adhesion [79]. RADA peptides have also been fused with the laminin-derived IKVAV domain, resulting in increased NSC proliferation and more efficient neuronal differentiation [95].
Another peptide material that self-assembles via the β-sheet motif is the MAX family of peptides [32,45]. These amphiphilic molecules fold into two β-strands connected by a tetrapeptide β-hairpin turn. Through alternating lysine and valine amino acids, the resulting folded structure presents separate hydrophilic and hydrophobic faces enabling further assembly into a fibrillar, supramolecular structure. Through careful selection of the amino acid primary sequence in these 20-mer peptides, the kinetics of hierarchical self-assembly can be tuned. For example, replacement of one lysine residue in the MAX1 peptide with glutamic acid in the MAX8 peptide enables much faster assembly and a stiffer resultant hydrogel [32]. These materials have been well characterized for their drug release properties [7,8]. Mesenchymal stem cells demonstrated good viability upon encapsulation in MAX8 and after shear-thinning through a syringe needle [32]. Furthermore, recent in vitro studies demonstrated a lack of macrophage activation, encouraging future in vivo exploration of the MAX family of peptides for drug and cell delivery applications [33].
Similar to peptide-engineered materials, ECM-mimetic proteins are also created through rational design, with modular peptide units fused together to form a multi-functional protein chain. While peptide materials are typically produced using synthetic chemistry methods, engineered proteins are more commonly produced using recombinant technology for large-scale production [10,11]. By employing a cell's molecular machinery, researchers can produce high fidelity protein polymers with specified amino acid content according to the pre-programmed DNA code.
One example of this strategy is the recombinant production of collagen based on a native human sequence [92]. These biopolymers address the need for defined bioactive polymers, avoiding potential contaminants and the potential immunogenicity of proteins harvested from xenogenic tissue. This product has been explored primarily for bone, cartilage, and skin applications due to collagen's prevalence in those native tissues. In addition, recombinant collagen can deliver protein drugs via controlled release [81]. Similarly, recombinant silk proteins have been fashioned into drug delivery particles [46] and used for artificial ECM because of their remarkable mechanical strength [42]. These materials address the need for defined, controllable biopolymers by attempting to explicitly reproduce native amino acid sequences.
To take greater advantage of the recombinant protein engineering strategy, many ECM-mimetic proteins utilize different types of peptide domains that confer structural, bioinstructive, and bioresponsive properties into the biomaterial. These modules can be mixed, matched, and repeated multiple times within a full-length protein to create a multifunctional material with several desired characteristics. A common goal for niche-mimic applications is a material with the structural integrity to maintain encapsulated stem cells in a 3D environment. Sequences inspired from natural materials such as silk [4], elastin [18], and resilin [22] are commonly chosen for these applications, as each module has a unique combination of strength, elasticity, and resilience (the ability to recover after deformation under stress). While only elastin is native to the mammalian body, silk and resilin have unique strength and resilience properties, respectively, and all three have served as elements of successful cell scaffolds [4,77,6,41].
Along with these structural building blocks, other modules can instill a host of additional functionalities into the protein. In the creation of NSC niche mimics, well-known cell-adhesive domains RGD, IKVAV, and YIGSR amino acid sequences are frequently integrated into the material. Another type of commonly used biofunctional domain is preotolytically degradable sequences that enable cell-triggered degradation of the material via matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) or other protease enzymes. Varying the amino acid sequence in the protease degradation site will control which enzymes trigger proteolysis, and hence may confer cell-specificity in the material [55]. Further modification of the sequence can alter the kinetics of the target enzyme, leading to biomaterials with widely tunable degradation properties [77]. As an example, a family of elastin-like proteins has been created with both interchangeable cell-adhesive domains and enzyme-degradable domains. By mixing cell-adhesive proteins with a non-adhesive elastin-like variant, the adhesion site density can be controlled without modifying protein concentration or cross-linking, resulting in tunable cell adhesivity and neurite extension [77]. Further demonstrating their utility in creating stem cell niches, elastin-like proteins also have been engineered with Notch receptor ligands [50]. Signaling through the Notch pathway is critical during tissue development and plays a role in gliogenesis and neurite extension [56,70,26]. Having manipulatable control over this pathway via the immediate cellular microenvironment may help provide understanding of both the NSC niche and nervous system repair.
One advantage of protein design is the ability to incorporate multiple functionalities into a signal molecule. One specific resilin polypeptide has been engineered with a cell-adhesive RGD peptide, an MMP-cleavable sequence to enable proteolytic degradation, and a heparin-binding domain for non-covalent attachment and release of growth factors (Fig. 1C) [13]. The tight control over the amino acid code can be used to modify any sequence to alter protein folding, improve yields, or simply make single amino acid substitutions. Individual amino acids such as lysine, tyrosine, or phenylalanine [77,13] can be edited in for post-production chemical modifications. This may include the addition of pendant chemical functionalities for drug delivery, or they may serve as sites for protein cross-linking and matrix formation.
While many engineered proteins are processed into hydrogels through chemical cross-linking, a variety of other strategies can also be utilized. For example, electrospinning [61], self-assembly [54], and photo-crosslinking [12] can lead to formation of a bulk material. A recently described hydrogel strategy involves the simple mixing of two different multi-domain proteins, which is termed Mixing-Induced Two-Component Hydrogel (MITCH) [25]. One protein includes proline-rich domains separated by hydrophilic spaces with cell-adhesive RGD sequences dispersed throughout (Fig. 1D). The second protein consists of WW domains separated by hydrophilic spacers of a different length. Upon mixing, the proline-rich and WW domains hetero-assemble through hydrogen bonding to form a networked hydrogel. An entire family of native and computationally derived WW domains binds to proline-rich domains, allowing simple tuning of protein-protein binding affinity and the resulting hydrogel mechanics. One advantage of this gelation strategy is that cells can be encapsulated without exposing them to chemical crosslinkers or non-physiological temperature, pH, or ionic strength. Furthermore, the specific binding between the proline-rich and WW domains is undisturbed by the presence of other proteins, enabling the straight-forward encapsulation of growth factors and other bioactive molecules [25]. MITCH was used to create an in vitro artificial stem cell niche capable of supporting NSC growth and differentiation. This shear-thinning material also regains its structure after being ejected through a syringe needle, enabling future use as a stem cell-delivery vehicle in vivo [25].
Neural cell transplantation into the injured CNS is hindered by low post-transplantation cell viability [75,1,9]. In several transplantation models, improved outcomes have been achieved by using bioresorptive implant materials [80,98,82,60]. Peptide and protein materials may be ideally suited for these applications, as they can be tuned to mimic the compositional and mechanical properties of the surrounding environment, thus promoting integration with host tissue. In the last decade, peptide hydrogels have approached therapeutic realization, with notable successes in treating models of a cut optical track, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and spinal cord injury (SCI) (Fig. 2). In pre-clinical studies, these shear-thinning materials are often delivered by direct injection through a small-gauge needle, mimicking a minimally invasive clinical procedure. This route of delivery is particularly attractive for transplantation to the brain, as a needle can access sensitive deep regions of the brain without extensively disrupting the blood–brain barrier.
In an initial biocompatibility study, dipeptide co-block hydrogels (DCH) composed of poly-lysine and poly-leucine were directly injected into the caudate putamen of rat brains. Over eight weeks, DCH-injected animals showed minimal astrogliosis, inflammation, and neuronal toxicity, similar to saline controls (Fig. 2D). Moreover, the DCH deposit was invaded by glia and a small number of neurofilament M- and tyrosine hydroxylase-positive nerve fibers, indicating functional neurite growth [93]. Another injectable peptide material, the 16-mer RADA peptide, has been injected into the damaged optical track [21] as well as TBI [31] and SCI models [30] with regenerative success. In the TBI treatment, the peptide nanofibers reduced glial activation and inflammation in the surrounding brain tissue, a critical step in limiting the subsequent damage often associated with this type of brain injury [31]. In the SCI treatment, the RADA peptide was used to deliver Schwann cells or NPCs into the dorsal column. Both cell types survived and migrated through the hydrogel matrix (Fig. 2C). In addition, invading host cells and blood vessel ingrowth were observed in the material [30].
As a demonstration of further molecular-level design, the RADA peptides were modified with a bone-marrow homing motif (BMHP1) that affects adhesion and differentiation of multiple stem cell types [14]. The hydrogel was injected 24 h after a contusion (impactor) SCI injury. Compared to non-treated and saline controls, the scaffold increased cellular infiltration, axon regeneration, and native ECM deposition including laminin and collagen IV. The Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) score, a common rating used to assess hind limb locomotor skills after SCI, demonstrated a slight, but statistically significant improvement in locomotor function relative to controls at eight weeks.
Further work combined this peptide gel with macroscopically structured tubes to physically orient regeneration longitudinally along the spinal cord [29]. In a unique surgical approach that mimics therapeutic intervention long after an injury, scar tissue was removed four weeks after the SCI. The resulting cyst was filled with PLGA/PCL conduits filled either with saline, the RADA-BMHP1 hydrogel alone, or the hydrogel with brain-derived and ciliary neurotrophic factors to support neuronal survival and outgrowth, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to promote angiogenesis, and chondroitinase ABC to promote remodeling of the glial scar. Over six months, the implantation site was remodeled with infiltrating astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, endothelial cells, and axon fibers with particularly high densities of neuronal fibers localized within the peptide-filled conduits. Superior function was shown in the treated groups by BBB and electrophysiology tests. Furthermore, nerve growth was continuous through the cyst and crossed both the rostral and caudal interfaces, indicating directed neural regeneration (Fig. 2B). While this directional regeneration is likely a consequence of the spatial orientation of the conduits, the hydrolytic degradation of the PLGA/PCL may also play a positive role. Lactic acid released during PLGA degradation has been shown to improve NSC survival in the presence of reactive oxygen species [47,49], an inflammatory component of damaged and regenerating neural tissues.
Shear-thinning IKVAV self-assembling peptide amphiphile nanofibers also have shown a remarkable ability to reduce astrogliosis and cell death when injected directly into the damaged spinal cord 24 h after compression injury (Fig. 2A) [85]. A notable achievement was an increase in the number of myelinating oligodendrocytes found at the injury site in the treatment group, with ascending sensory fibers and descending motor fibers passing through the injury site. Treated animals resulted in greater BBB behavioral improvement by 9 weeks (Fig. 2A). Again demonstrating the high level of design control, substituting the IKVAV sequence with a VEGF peptide led to enhanced blood vessel formation [86], a critical element of tissue regeneration. Alternatively, heparinbinding peptide domains can be used to deliver growth factors [76]. Recently these peptide amphiphiles were made into large fibers of aligned fibrils that can induce cell alignment [96] perhaps allowing completely peptide-based aligned conduits for SCI.
Similar to engineered peptide materials, the use of tailored, full-length recombinant proteins for in vivo applications is also promising. In recent clinical trials, recombinant human collagen was applied in 10 human subjects with corneal degeneration or scarring [23]. At two years, the treatment demonstrated endogenous epithelium colonization, recovery of nerve connections, and restored function [24]. Average nerve density continued to increase through 24 months, with 9 of 10 patients having nerves at the basal epithelium by 24 months.
While harvested silk proteins have been used in peripheral nerve surgery [42], recombinant silk has been limited by the ability to accurately reproduce the desired strength characteristics of the native protein. Recently the recombinant production of full-length silk was reported, which may now enable the synthesis of recombinant high tensile strength fibers and eventual application in nerve regeneration therapies [91]. In a different approach, silk modules were fused with elastin-like sequences to create a silk-elastin fusion protein that can be fabricated into any arbitrary shape. The mechanical strength and durability of the resulting recombinant protein matrix was designed to mimic the nucleus pulposus, the material found in the center of an intervertebral disc [5]. In a human trial of patients with herniated discs and leg pain unresponsive to conservative treatment, the engineered protein implant resulted in significant pain improvement with no observed re-herniations [3]. Elastin-like proteins have also been studied in pre-clinical drug delivery applications. Controlled drug release from a supramolecular, elastin-like protein assembly was achieved by adjusting the amino acid sequence and the total protein molecular weight [53]. These thermo-responsive molecules gelled in vivo and served as a localized source of model drug to nearby dorsal root ganglion with a seven-fold greater half-life compared to soluble protein alone.
The dynamic "give and take" of cell–ECM interactions is an increasingly recognized critical component of stem cell function. Stem cells and their surrounding support cells constantly remodel, degrade, and replace the niche matrix, which in turn results in altered stem cell behavior. As a mimic of this dynamic interplay, several biomaterial strategies have been developed to enable triggered matrix modification. One of the most common design elements for this purpose is the inclusion of proteolytic degradation sites. Depending on the location of the cleavable target sites, this strategy has been used to accomplish matrix softening [77], release of tethered bioactive factors [66,65], and selective degradation of internal channels [78]. These examples demonstrate how cell-secreted enzymes can be harnessed to initiate matrix modifications "on demand".
In the future, it is expected that several individual cell–matrix interactions will be layered together in a single engineered material to create dynamic, bi-directional feedback systems (Fig. 3). For example, as stem cells proliferate in response to a growth-permissive matrix doped with time-released growth factors, they may secrete an accumulating amount of a specific protease. This stem-cell-specific protease may then trigger a modification of the material such as matrix softening. In response to the new microenvironment, the stem cells may be induced to follow a specific differentiation pathway. As the cells begin differentiation, their proteome is altered, leading to secretion of a different set of proteases. This second family of proteases can then be utilized to trigger a second type of matrix remodeling.
While protease secretion is perhaps the most recognized and straight-forward route through which cells can remodel an engineered matrix, a variety of cell-responsive elements could be designed into these materials. For example, cells are known to remodel the native extracellular matrix through fiber bundling [97], stretching of proteins to reveal hidden "cryptic" domains and molecules [43,88], and deposition of new proteins and stiffening of the matrix [67]. Each of these native cell behaviors could be replicated in an engineered polypeptide material. In addition, polypeptide materials can be designed to respond to a variety of external stimuli such as pH [72], temperature [53], ion concentration [84], and exposure to ultraviolet light [38,87,63]. An external light stimulus was recently utilized to induce material remodeling of a synthetic polymeric hydrogel [17,44]. Based on several different clever design strategies, a common external stimulus (i.e., light exposure) could be used to open up channels within the hydrogel, to weaken the mechanical properties of the matrix, or to reduce or increase the concentration of cell binding ligands within the matrix [17,44]. Each of these matrix-remodeling processes was observed to initiate specific, distinct cellular responses. These results highlight the importance of dynamic matrix control when designing biomimetic materials to interface with cells.
Engineered peptides and proteins are ideal building blocks to fabricate these dynamic, biomimetic matrices for both in vitro and in vivo applications. As platforms for in vitro culture, these materials can be used both to help maintain stem cells in a more "native-like" environment and to probe mechanistic pathways of cell–matrix interactions. During prolonged culture, stem cells often begin to display reduced proliferative capacity and limited differentiation potential, which is hypothesized to be a consequence of the absence of normal microenvironmental cues [52]. A key aspect of the native stem cell niche, and hence a critical goal of engineered niche mimics, is dimensionality. Most cell types, including neural cells, display markedly different morphology in three-dimensional versus two-dimensional culture platforms [48,62]. In general, it is thought that three-dimensional culture materials induce organization of cytoskeletal structures that more accurately replicate in vivo cellular phenomena [15,34]. Several engineered peptide and protein materials have demonstrated success at supporting the three-dimensional culture of neuronal cell types, encouraging the further development of these materials as reproducible culture platforms [73,28,25]. As these materials become dynamic matrices capable of bi-directional interactions with cells, they will open up new avenues of stem cell biology research by allowing temporal control of matrix properties.
Similar to biomaterials used as culture matrices, biomaterials used for in vivo applications must be bioactive and should allow reproducible control of chemical and material properties. In addition, for clinical application these materials must be minimally immunogenic and be composed of defined FDA-approvable ingredients. Engineered peptide and protein materials fulfill these needs and enable the development of combination therapies that deliver matrix, cells, and soluble factors in a single construct [30,29,76]. As development of these combination therapies continues, materials must be designed to serve not just as cell- and growth factor-delivery depots, but as niche mimics that can guide cell fate and development. Recent in vivo data highlight the combined use of soluble factor delivery from a nanoscale matrix structure to enhance the regenerative ability of endogenous cells in an SCI model [29]. While several peptide hydrogels form nano-fibrous structures, typically the fibrils are randomly oriented. To overcome this limitation, peptide materials can be combined with novel processing methods to produce aligned nano-fibrils that physically guide cell growth [96]. Future engineered materials are likely to include additional levels of molecular-, nano-, and micro-scale design in order to mimic the multiple structural length scales observed in native tissue. Peptide and protein materials will further our understanding of the stem cell niche and allow researchers to control and perturb system elements in a defined, bioactive, and bioresponsive three-dimensional matrix. Furthermore, as strategies to create dynamic bioactive materials develop, they will be molecularly designed to meet the evolving requirements of transplanted cells during the multiple stages of cell engraftment and tissue regeneration.
KJL was supported by a Ruth L. Kirschstein NRSA Postdoctoral Fellowship. The authors acknowledge funding from CIRM RT2-01938, NIH DP2-OD-006477, and NSF DMR-0846363. Special thanks to Widya Mulyasasmita for editing assistance.
PubMed Central Canada is a service of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) working in partnership with the National Research Council's national science library in cooperation with the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the U.S. National Library of Medicine(NCBI/NLM). It includes content provided to the PubMed Central International archive by participating publishers.


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|Georges Boutros <GBout...@interstarinc.com>
|tomcat with IIS on NT4
|Wed, 05 Sep 2001 14:55:17 GMT
hi, i installed tomcat for IIS on an NT4 machine. i can't access tomcat without writing it's port number (8080) http://localhost:8080/examples/servlet/HelloWorldExample i do not want to write the port number to access tomcat. I wanna be able to do this http://localhost/examples/servlet/HelloWorldExample i added the file "isapi_redirect.dll" to C:\Inetpub\wwwroot\tomcat\bin\iis\i386. could anyone tell me what should i do to stop writing the tomcat Port number and be able to access it anyways. the problem appears only on NT4 and not Windows 2000 thanks, Georges
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