text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Feb 2, 1999
|Filing date
|Jul 12, 1993
|Priority date
|Jul 12, 1993
|Also published as
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|Michael Alan Masse, James Robert Erickson
|Original Assignee
|Shell Oil Company
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|Patent Citations (9), Non-Patent Citations (4), Referenced by (2), Classifications (9), Legal Events (1)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates to radiation cured conjugated diene-vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon block copolymers which are cured at low radiation doses. More particularly, the invention relates to improved crosslinking of such epoxidized polymers.
Curing of adhesives based on conjugated diolefins and vinyl aromatics has increased the range of service properties for such adhesives. Radiation curing of polymers to make such adhesives is known. Curing of coatings and sealants based on these polymers has reduced solvent content required for such products. This curing causes covalent crosslinking of the polymerized conjugated diolefins which is evidenced by a high gel content of the crosslinked polymer. Before crosslinking, the polymers are melt and solution processable but after crosslinking, the gel cannot be processed as melts or in solution. Crosslinking therefore enhances solvent resistance and improves elevated temperature shear properties, toughness and cohesion. Compositions can therefore be applied to a substrate in a melt or from solution and then crosslinked to form a superior adhesive, coating or sealant. However, improvements in the adhesives, coatings and sealants could be made if the adhesives could be cured at lower dosages of radiation.
Epoxidized block copolymers of conjugated diolefins and vinyl aromatic hydrocarbons have been disclosed as being useful in radiation cured adhesive, coating and sealant compositions (see U.S. Pat. No. 5,229,464). Such polymers were said to be curable using electron beam and ultraviolet radiation. It has been found that epoxidized polymers of conjugated dienes which also contain aromatic moieties require much more irradiation when ultraviolet radiation is used to cure the polymers than such polymers which do not contain aromatic moieties. Such aromatic moieties may be provided by a vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon monomer which is copolymerized with the conjugated diene or they may be provided when an aromatic coupling agent such as divinyl benzene is used to couple polymer arms together.
Radiation curing of such polymers is not an inexpensive process. Increasing the amount of irradiation necessary to cure a polymer increases the overall cost of producing the product. Therefore, it would be advantageous to provide a method wherein epoxidized diene polymers which contain aromatic moieties could be cured to the same extent with approximately the same amount of irradiation as is necessary to cure epoxidized diene polymers which do not contain aromatic moieties. The present invention provides such a process.
This invention is an improvement upon the process for curing epoxidized polymers of conjugated dienes by exposing the polymers or a formulation containing such polymers to ultraviolet radiation in the presence of a photoinitiator. The epoxidized polymers of the present invention contain aromatic moieties which may be present as a result of copolymerization of a vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon monomer or as a result of the use of an aromatic coupling agent such as divinyl benzene. The present invention is also used when an epoxidized diene polymer which does not contain aromatic moieties is formulated with an aromatic additive such as an aromatic antioxidant or an aromatic resin. The improvement comprises reducing the amount of irradiation necessary to achieve an effective cure by adding a small but effective amount of a photosensitizer, which absorbs UV radiation in a wavelength range which is not obscured by the polymer or aromatic additives, to the polymer prior to or during irradiation. It is preferred that the amount of the photosensitizer range from 0.05 to 0.5 parts per hundred polymer. The preferred type of photosensitizer is thioxanthene and halogen and alkyl derivatives thereof.
Polymers containing ethylenic unsaturation can be prepared by copolymerizing one or more olefins, particularly diolefins, by themselves or with one or more alkenyl aromatic hydrocarbon monomers. The copolymers may, of course, be random, tapered, block or a combination of these, as well as linear, star or radial.
The polymers containing ethylenic unsaturation or both aromatic and ethylenic unsaturation may be prepared using anionic initiators or polymerization catalysts. Such polymers may be prepared using bulk, solution or emulsion techniques. In any case, the polymer containing at least ethylenic unsaturation will, generally, be recovered as a solid such as a crumb, a powder, a pellet or the like, but it also may be recovered as a liquid such as in the present invention. Polymers containing ethylenic unsaturation and polymers containing both aromatic and ethylenic unsaturation are available commercially from several suppliers.
In general, when solution anionic techniques are used, copolymers of conjugated diolefins and alkenyl aromatic hydrocarbons are prepared by contacting the monomer or monomers to be polymerized simultaneously or sequentially with an anionic polymerization initiator such as group IA metals, their alkyls, amides, silanolates, napthalides, biphenyls or anthracenyl derivatives. It is preferred to use an organo alkali metal (such as sodium or potassium) compound in a suitable solvent at a temperature within the range from about -150� C. to about 300� C., preferably at a temperature within the range from about 0� C. to about 100� C. Particularly effective anionic polymerization initiators are organo lithium compounds having the general formula:
wherein R is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or alkyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms and n is an integer of 1 to 4.
Conjugated diolefins which may be polymerized anionically include those conjugated diolefins containing from about 4 to about 24 carbon atoms such as 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, piperylene, methylpentadiene, phenylbutadiene, 3,4-dimethyl-1,3-hexadiene, 4,5-diethyl-1,3-octadiene and the like. Isoprene and butadiene are the preferred conjugated diene monomers for use in the present invention because of their low cost and ready availability. Alkenyl aromatic hydrocarbons which may be copolymerized include vinyl aryl compounds such as styrene, various alkyl-substituted styrenes, alkoxy-substituted styrenes, vinyl napthalene, alkyl-substituted vinyl napthalenes and the like.
These polymers are epoxidized and, whether they are hydrogenated or not, it is preferred that the epoxidation take place only to the extent that about 0.1 to about 3 milliequivalents of epoxide per gram of polymer (0.1 to 3 Meq epoxide/g) are generated. Hence, the preferred epoxidized polymer has an epoxide equivalent weight of between about 10,000 and about 333. The polymers may then be crosslinked through at least some of the epoxy functionality, preferably, by radiation.
Preferred block copolymers which are useful in the present invention have the formula
(A--B--Ap)n --Yr --(Aq --B)m
wherein Y is a coupling agent or coupling monomers, and wherein A and B are polymer blocks which may be homopolymer blocks of conjugated diolefin monomers, copolymer blocks of conjugated diolefin monomers or copolymer blocks of diolefin monomers and monoalkenyl aromatic hydrocarbon monomers. An aromatic moiety, whether in the form of a comonomer or coupling agent, must be present in the polymer (or an aromatic additive must be in the polymer formulation). These polymers are described in more detail in allowed U.S. Pat. No. 5,229,464, which is herein incorporated by reference. Generally, the A blocks should have a greater concentration of more highly substituted aliphatic double bonds than the B blocks have. The A blocks will have a greater concentration of di-, tri-, or tetra-substituted aliphatic double bonds. For example, in one embodiment, the A blocks will have a greater number of tertiary unsaturation (TU) sites per unit of block mass than the B blocks, where a TU site is defined to be an olefinic double bond (ODB) between a tertiary carbon atom and either a primary or secondary carbon atom. The A blocks have a molecular weight of from about 100 to about 3,000 and the B blocks have a molecular weight of from about 1000 to about 15,000. n is greater than 0, r is 0 or 1, m is greater than or equal to 0, and n+m ranges from 1 to 100. p and q may be 0 or 1. When either p or q or both are 1, extra TU sites are available in the interior of the polymer chain. By way of example, polymer block A could be polyisoprene having about 14.7 milliequivalents of residual ODB's per gram, all of which would be TU sites (14.7 Meq TU/g), and polymer block B could be polybutadiene having 18.5 milliequivalents of residual ODB's per gram, none of which would be TU sites (0 Meq TU/g).
The present invention also encompasses polymers which have midblocks formed of monoalkenyl aromatic hydrocarbon monomers, preferably styrene. In this situation, the A blocks would be conjugated dienes containing di-, tri- and/or tetra-substituted aliphatic double bonds and the B blocks would be formed of the monoalkenyl aromatic hydrocarbon. This type of polymer is not a rubbery polymer, but rather is hard and rigid. This type of polymer can be cured in situ to give a material with reinforcing crosslinks.
The polymers described immediately above are relatively low molecular weight low viscosity materials. Higher molecular weight higher viscosity epoxidized polymers containing aromatic moieties may also be used to advantage according to the present invention. Indeed, the epoxidized diene block copolymers of the present invention may have molecular weights of from about 3000 to about 3,000,000. Lower molecular weight materials require excessive crosslinking whereas higher molecular weight materials are very difficult to apply to a substrate by melt or other means. Blocks comprising predominantly conjugated diolefin monomer units generally will have molecular weights between about 300 and about 200,000 prior to epoxidation and, if present, blocks comprising predominantly aromatic monomer units will have molecular weights between about 500 and about 50,000 because polymers built from larger blocks are very difficult to apply and smaller blocks fail to adequately localize covalent or physical crosslinking.
Useful randomly epoxidized star polymers containing aromatic moieties are described in allowed copending application Ser. No. 901,349, filed Jun. 19, 1992, entitled "Randomly Epoxidized Small Star Polymers," which is herein incorporated by reference. That application describes randomly epoxidized star polymers, based on at least one conjugated diolefin monomer, that contained di-, tri- and/or tetrasubstituted olefinic epoxides. The star polymers have greater than four arms or branches. Each arm has a molecular weight from 1500 to 15,000 and the concentration of di-, tri-, or tetrasubstituted olefinic epoxides (1,1-disubstituted, 1,2-disubstituted, 1,1,2-trisubstituted and 1,1,2,2-tetrasubstituted olefinic epoxides) is from 0.05 to 5 milliequivalents of epoxide per gram of polymer. In this invention, we prefer 0.1 to 3 Meq/g.
Other useful block copolymers containing aromatic moieties are based on at least one conjugated diolefin monomer, contain a greater concentration of di-, or tri-, or tetrasubstituted olefinic epoxides in the exterior blocks, and lesser concentrations of these epoxides in the interior blocks of the polymer. The exterior blocks generally contain such epoxides within the concentration range of 0.2 to 10 milliequivalents of exterior block and the ratio of the concentration such epoxide groups in the exterior blocks to the concentration in the interior blocks is at least 3:1. The molecular weight of the exterior blocks ranges from 3000 to 50,000 and the molecular weight of the interior blocks ranges from 15,000 to 200,000. Such polymers are described in more detail in copending application Ser. No. 863,579, filed Apr. 3, 1992, entitled "Epoxidized Diene Elastomers for Exterior Block Crosslinking," which is herein incorporated by reference. A special case is where the exterior blocks are formed of polyisoprene polymerized under conditions that yield primarily 1,4-polyisoprene (trisubstituted) and the interior blocks are of polybutadiene (mono- or disubstituted). Another special case is where the exterior block is a random polystyrene-polyisoprene copolymer in which a majority of the polyisoprene is 1,4-polyisoprene and the interior block is polybutadiene. Such polymers give the advantage of localizing the crosslinking in the exterior blocks.
In general, any of the solvents known in the prior art to be useful in the preparation of such polymers may be used. Suitable solvents, then, include straight and branched chain hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane and the like, as well as, alkyl-substituted derivatives thereof; cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane and the like, as well as alkyl-substituted derivatives thereof; aromatic and alkyl-substituted derivatives thereof; aromatic and alkyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, napthalene, toluene, xylene and the like; hydrogenated aromatic hydrocarbons such as tetralin, decalin and the like; linear and cyclic ethers such as methyl ether, methylethyl ether, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran and the like.
More specifically, the polymers of the present invention are made by the anionic polymerization of conjugated diene monomers and alkenyl aromatic hydrocarbon monomers in a hydrocarbon solvent at a temperature between 0� and 100� C. using an alkyl lithium initiator. The living polymer chains are usually coupled by addition of divinyl monomer to form a star polymer. Additional monomers may or may not be added to grow more branches or to terminally functionalize the polymer and the living chain ends are quenched with a proton source.
Diblock molecular weights are conveniently measured by Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), where the GPC system has been appropriately calibrated. Polymers of known molecular weight are used to calibrate and these must be of the same molecular structure and chemical composition as the unknown diblock polymers that are measured. For anionically polymerized diblock polymers, diblock polymer is essentially monodisperse and it is both convenient and adequately descriptive to report the "peak" molecular weight of the narrow molecular weight distribution observed. Measurement of the true molecular weight of the final coupled star polymer is not as straightforward or as easy to make using GPC. This is because the star shaped molecules do not separate and elute through the packed GPC columns in the same manner as do the linear polymers used for the calibration, and, hence, the time of arrival at a UV or refractive index detector is not a good indicator of the molecular weight. A good method to use for a star polymer is to measure the weight average molecular weight by light scattering techniques. The sample is dissolved in a suitable solvent at a concentration less than 1.0 gram of sample per 100 milliliters of solvent and filtered using a syringe and porous membrane filters of less than 0.5 microns pore size directly into the light scattering cell. The light scattering measurements are performed as a function of scattering angle and of polymer concentration using standard procedures. The differential refractive index (DRI) of the sample is measured at the same wave length and in the same solvent used for the light scattering. The following references are herein incorporated by reference:
1. Modern Size-Exclusion Liquid Chromatography, W. W. Yau, J. J. Kirkland, D. D. Bly, John Wiley & Sons, New York, N.Y., 1979.
2. Light Scattering from Polymer Solution, M. B. Huglin, ed., Academic Press, New York, N.Y., 1972.
3. W. Kaye and A. J. Havlik, Applied Optics, 12, 541 (1973).
4. M. L. McConnell, American Laboratory, 63, May, 1978.
There are a wide variety of coupling agents that can be employed. Any polyfunctional coupling agent which contains at least two reactive sites can be employed. Examples of the types of compounds which can be used include the polyepoxides, polyisocyanates, polyimines, polyaldehydes, polyketones, polyanhydrides, polyesters, polyhalides, and the like. These compounds can contain two or more types of functional groups such as the combination of epoxy and aldehyde groups, isocyanate and halide groups, and the like. Many suitable types of these polyfunctional compounds have been described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,595,941; 3,468,972, 3,135,716; 3,078,254; 4,096,203 and 3,594,452 which are herein incorporated by reference. When the coupling agent has two reactive sites such as dibromoethane, the polymer will have a linear ABA structure. When the coupling agent has three or more reactive sites, such as silicon tetrachloride, the polymer will have a branched structure, such as (AB)n Y. Coupling monomers are coupling agents where several monomer units are necessary for every chain end to be coupled. Divinylbenzene is the most commonly used coupling monomer and results in star polymers.
If a substantially saturated polymer is desired, the epoxidized polymer is hydrogenated to remove substantially all remaining olefinic double bonds (ODB) and normally leaving substantially all of the aromatic double bonds. If only substantially saturated interior blocks are desired, the epoxidized polymer may be partially hydrogenated in a selective manner with a suitable catalyst and conditions (like those in Re 27,145, U.S. Pat. No. 4,001,199 or with a titanium catalyst such as is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,039,755, all of which are incorporated by reference; or by fixed bed hydrogenation) that favor the hydrogenation of the less substituted olefinic double bonds (rate or hydrogenation: monosubstituted >disubstituted >trisubstituted >tetrasubstituted olefinic double bonds) and also leaves aromatic double bonds intact, so as to saturate the B blocks and leave some or all of the unsaturation intact in the A blocks and/or any portions of the optional M block or the C arms that may also contain unepoxidized higher substituted olefinic double bonds.
Alternatively, selective partial hydrogenation of the polymer may be carried out before epoxidation such that between 0.2 and 11.6 Meq of olefinic double bonds are left intact, as required of an A block for subsequent epoxidation. Fully epoxidizing 11.6 Meq of ODB per gram of polymer gives 10.0 Meq of epoxide per gram of the final polymer because of a 16% weight gain due to the added oxygen. If selective partial hydrogenation is done first, the epoxidation does not need to be selective with respect to the degree of substitution on the olefinic double bonds, since the objective is usually to epoxidize as many of the remaining ODB's as possible. After hydrogenation, it is preferred that the ratio of ODB's in the A blocks to that in the B blocks be at least 3:1.
Generally, if a hydrogenation step is used, sufficient improvement of the polymer's chemical and heat stability should be achieved to justify the extra expense and effort involved, and this generally means at least saturating the interior blocks B to the point that they have less than 1 Meq of olefinic double bonds per gram of B left intact. For greatest heat stability, all of the olefinic double bonds, anyplace in the polymer, that are not epoxidized should be removed so that less than 1 Meq of ODB per gram of polymer remain, more preferably less than 0.6 Meq/g, and most preferably less than about 0.3 Meq/g of polymer.
The epoxidized copolymers of this invention can be prepared by the epoxidation procedures as generally described or reviewed in the Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology 19, 3rd ed., 251-266 (1980), D. N. Schulz, S. R. Turner, and M. A. Golub, Rubber Chemistry and Technology, 5, 809 (1982), W-K. Huang, G-H. Hsuie, and W-H. Hou, Journal of Polymer Science, Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 26, 1867 (1988), and K. A. Jorgensen, Chemical Reviews, 89, 431 (1989), and Hermann, Fischer, and Marz, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 30 (No. 12), 1638 (1991), all of which are incorporated by reference.
Epoxidation of the base polymer can be effected by generally known methods such as by reaction with organic peracids which can be performed or formed in situ. Suitable preformed peracids include peracetic and perbenzoic acids. In situ formation may be accomplished by using hydrogen peroxide and a low molecular weight fatty acid such as formic acid. Alternatively, hydrogen peroxide in the presence of acetic acid or acetic anhydride and a cationic exchange resin will form a peracid. The cationic exchange resin can optionally be replaced by a strong acid such as sulfuric acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid. The epoxidation reaction can be conducted directly in the polymerization cement (polymer solution in which the polymer was polymerized) or, alternatively, the polymer can be redissolved in an inert solvent such as toluene, benzene, hexane, cyclohexane, methylenechloride and the like and epoxidation conducted in this new solution or can be epoxidized neat. Epoxidation temperatures on the order of about 0 to 130� C. and reaction times from about 0.1 to 72 hours may be utilized. When employing hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid together with a catalyst such as sulfuric acid, the product can be a mixture of epoxide and hydroxy ester. The use of peroxide and formic acid in the presence of a strong acid may result in diolefin polymer blocks containing both epoxide and hydroxy ester groups. Due to these side reactions caused by the presence of an acid, it is preferable to carry out the epoxidation at the lowest possible temperature and for the shortest time consistent with the desired degree of epoxidation.
Epoxidation may also be accomplished by treatment of the polymer with hydroperoxides in the presence of transition metals such as Mo, W, Cr, V and Ag. Epoxy functionality may also be created by direct oxidation of ethylenic unsaturation by 02 in the presence of tetra cyanoethylene. A temperature of about 150� C. and an oxygen partial pressure of about 58 atmospheres is suitable for this reaction.
The epoxidized polymers may then be formulated for their specific applications. The present invention embodies the use of photoinitiator/ photosensitizer systems with aromatic formulation ingredients. Resins and antioxidants are such formulating ingredients.
Examples of aromatic resins useful in the formulation of epoxidized diene polymers are AMOCO� 18 series resins, which are composed of alpha methyl styrene (AMOCO), Kristalexe series resins, which are composed of alpha methyl styrene (HERCULES), PICCOTEX� Series resins, which are composed of alpha methyl styrene and vinyl toluene (HERCULES), NEVCHEM� (NEVILLE) and PICCO 6000 (HERCULES) series resins, which are composed of aromatic hydrocarbons, CUMAR� series resins and CUMAR LX-509 (NEVILLE), which are composed of coumarone-indene, PICCOVAR� AP series resins (HERCULES), which are composed of alkyl aryl species, PICCOVAR� 130 (HERCULES), which is an alkyl aromatic poly indene resin, and PICCOFYN� A100 (HERCULES), which is a terpene phenolic resin.
Examples of aromatic antioxidants useful in the formulation of epoxidized diene polymers are ULTRANOX� 626 (GE Chemicals), bis(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, ANTIOXIDANT 330� (ETHYL CORP.), 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene, IRGANOX 565� (Ciba Geigy), 2,4-bis(n-octylthio)-6-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-t-butylanilino)-1,3,5-triazine, IRGANOX 1010� (Ciba Geigy), 2,2-bis 3- 3,5-bis-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl!-1-oxopropoxy! methyl!-1,3-propanediyl-3,5- bis(1,1-dimethyl ethyl)-4-hydroxybenzeneproprionate, IRGANOX 1076� (Ciba Geigy), octadecyl-3-(3',5'-di-t-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)proprionate, POLYGARD HR� (UNIROYAL CHEM.), tri-nonyl-phenyl-phoshite, and butylated hydroxytoluene.
Formulation ingredients of the present invention are not limited to aromatic compounds solely but are comprised of all compounds which absorb UV radiation in the range of 200 to 350 nm.
The process of the present invention involves the use of ultraviolet light to cure the polymers described above which contain aromatic moieties. Ultraviolet light sources may be based on the mercury-vapor arc. Mercury is enclosed in a quartz tube and a potential is applied to electrodes at either end of the tube. The electrodes can be of mercury, iron, tungsten or other metals. The pressure in the mercury-vapor lamp may be less than 1 atm to more than 10 atm. As the mercury pressure and lamp operating temperatures are increased, the radiation becomes more intense and the width of the emission lines increases. Other UV light sources include electrodeless lamps, Xenon lamps, pulsed Xenon lamps, Argon ion lasers and Excimer lasers.
The mechanism of the radiation crosslinking is believed to be generation of cations by removal of an electron from the polymer chain. The cation then readily reacts with an epoxy group, if an epoxy group is available. This reaction results in an ether crosslink between two polymer molecules and a new cation site on a polymer which formerly contained the epoxy functionality. The new cation will either propagate, forming another ether crosslink with another epoxy oxygen, or terminate by recapturing an electron.
The presence of water in the polymer composition during the radiation crosslinking is very undesirable due to the tendency of water to terminate the crosslinking. The radiation curing is therefore generally more effective if the polymeric composition is at a temperature near or above the boiling point of water at the time of the radiation curing.
The amount of radiation necessary for high gel formation varies with the thickness of the polymeric mass being irradiated, the amount of epoxy functionality, the extent to which the epoxy functionality is concentrated in specific regions within the polymeric mass and the type of radiation utilized.
When using non-ionizing radiation it is necessary to employ a photoinitiator to initiate the crosslinking reaction. Useful photoinitiators include diaryliodonium, alkoxy-substituted diaryliodonium, alkyl substituted diaryliodonium, triarylsulfonium, dialkylphenacylsulfonium, and dialkyl-4-hydrophenylsulfonium salts. The anions in these salts generally possess low nucleophilic character and include SbF6 -, BF4 -, PF6 - and AsF6 -. Specific examples include (4-octyloxyphenyl)-phenyl-iodium hexafluoroantimonate, UVI-6990 (from Union Carbide), FX-512 (3M Company), UVI-6974, an aryl sulfonium salt (Union Carbide), and UV9310C, alkyl-substituted aryl iodonium salt.
As has been discussed above, we have found that epoxidized polymers and epoxidized polymer formulations containing aromatic additives containing aromatic moieties do not cure as well using ultraviolet radiation with a photoinitiator as epoxidized polymers and epoxidized polymer formulations which do not contain aromatic moieities. We have also found that we can decrease the amount of irradiation necessary to cure epoxidized polymers and epoxidized polymer formulations containing aromatic moieties dramatically by the addition of a photosensitizer to the polymer prior to or during the irradiation treatment.
The amount of photosensitizer necessary is very small. The only requirement is that it be great enough to be effective in absorbing ultraviolet light in a wave length region which is not obscured by the aromatic moieties in the polymer or the formulation. It is theorized that the aromatic moieties present in these polymers or formulations absorb the ultraviolet light and prevent the radiation from activating the photoactive photoinitiator compound. The presence of the photosensitizer which is activated by ultraviolet light of a different wave length provides a species which absorbs this ultraviolet radiation and then is required to transfer its absorbed energy to the photoinitiator which then goes on to generate a cation to initiate crosslinking of the epoxy groups. This is the function of the photosensitizer. The preferred photosensitizer absorbs UV radiation in the range of 300 to 450 nm. It is preferred that the photosensitizer be used in an amount from 0.05 to 0.5 parts per hundred polymer because at the lower limit its effectiveness is minimized and at the upper limit the effectiveness is maximized and higher levels become economically impractical. If the polymer, with or without aromatic moieties, is incorporated into a formulation with additives which absorb UV radiation in the range of 200 to 350 nm, the photosensitizer should be used in an amount of 0.05 to 0.5 weight percent of the formulation.
It is important that the photoinitiator/photosensitizer/polymer system be suitably matched. The photoinitiator must be able to accept energy in the range emitted by the photosensitizer and both must be suitably compatible with the polymer matrix. For instance, while perylene is well known as a photosensitizer we have found it to be ineffective for enhancing crosslinking of epoxidized diene polymers when matched with CYRACURE UVI-6974 (Union Carbide). Generally, the effective photoinitiator/photosensitizer/polymer system is chosen through experimentation.
Examples of photosensitizers include thioxanthone and its halo-and alkyl-derivatives, anthracene, perylene, phenothiazione, 1,2-benzathracene, coronene, pyrene, benzophenone, phenothiazine, acetophenone and tetracene. Thioxanthone and its derivaties are preferred. The most preferred photosensitizer is 2-chlorothioxanthen-9-one because it is effective in sensitizing commercially available alkyl-aryl-iodonium salts and these salts have been found to be advantageously compatible with epoxidized diene polymers. The photoinitiator and photosensitizer are chosen to be compatible with the polymer being crosslinked and the light source available.
Reactive (radiation curable) diluents that can be added to the polymer include alcohols, vinyl ethers, epoxides, acrylate and methacrylate monomers, oligomers and polymers. They may also be blended with other diene-based polymers. Examples of epoxides include bis(2,3-epoxy cyclopentyl)ether, vinyl cyclohexene dioxide, limonene dioxide, vernonia oil, epoxidized soya and linseed oils and fatty acids.
The crosslinked materials of the present invention are useful in adhesives (including pressure sensitive adhesives, contact adhesives, laminating adhesives and assembly adhesives), sealants, coatings, films (such as those requiring heat and solvent resistance), etc. However, it may be necessary for a formulator to combine a variety of ingredients together with the polymers of the present invention in order to obtain products having the proper combination of properties (such as adhesion, cohesion, durability, low cost, etc.) for particular applications. Thus, a suitable formulation might contain only the polymers of the present invention and the curing agent. However, in most adhesive coating and sealant applications, suitable formulations would also contain various combinations of resins, plasticizers, fillers, solvents, stabilizers and other ingredients such as asphalt. The following are some typical examples of the UV curing of neat polymers which, by themselves, may be useful for adhesives, coatings and sealants.
204 is a linear isoprene-styrene/butadiene-isoprene molecule containing 38.7% styrene. It has been partially hydrogenated and then epoxidized. 205 is an isoprene-butadiene star polymer which has been coupled with divinylbenzene (DVB). It also has been partially hydrogenated and then epoxidized. 103 is a radial isoprene-butadiene polymer which has been coupled using silicon tetrachloride. It has been epoxidized.
Aromatic units have been incorporated into both 204 and 205. 103 does not have any aromatic units incorporated into its chain structure. 204 strongly absorbs UV light in the range of 200-300 nm. This UV absorption is attributed to the presence of styrene-monomer units in the polymer chain structure. 205 also absorbs in the same wavelength range. However, the absorption is considerably weaker. The absorption in this polymer is attributed to the presence of DVB in the star core. The level of DVB amounts to 6 wt % of the total polymer. Thus, the amount of aromatic monomer is less in 205 than in 204. The absorption spectrum of 103 shows that this polymer absorbs essentially no UV radiation in the range of 250-300 nm.
UV-9310C is an alkyl substituted aryl iodonium hexafluoroantimonate from GE Chemicals. It was used to crosslink these polymers. The initiator absorbs in the range 200-300 nm. Thus, 204 and 205 will act to filter some portion of the radiation necessary to activate the photoinitiators.
Experiments were undertaken to study the effect of a photosensitizer on the UV crosslinking of these polymers. In general, photosensitizers absorb UV radiation in a spectral region free of other absorptions and then transfer the absorbed energy to the photoinitiator to start crosslinking. One photosensitizer, 2-chloro-thioxanthen-9-one (CTX), was used in combination with iodonium salt initiators. The mechanism of the photosensitization is thought to be excitation of the sensitizer and subsequent electron transfer to the iodonium salt photoinitiator. The photoinitiator then decomposes to generate a cation which begins the crosslinking reaction. CTX absorbs strongly in the region 350-450 nm. This region is free of absorptions of both the polymers and the photoinitiator used which was 0.5 parts per hundred polymer UV-9310C photoinitiator. 0.0 or 0.1 parts CTX photosensitizer were used. The formulations were made in THF.
Films 1 mil thick were cast on poly(ethylene terephthalate) film. After air drying in the dark and a 2 minute bake at 120� C. the films were irradiated using a Linde Photocure System PS-2000-1HD. A prefocused, full spectrum bulb provided 800 Watts/ft in the spectral range 185-400 nm. The irradiation was carried out at both 30 and 90 feet per minute. The films were then baked for 10 minutes at 120� C. The gel fraction of the irradiated polymers was then measured using a standard technique. The results are listed in Tables I and II.
TABLE I______________________________________UV Initiated CureEffect of Photosensitizer(2-chlorothioxanthen-9-one, CTX) Photosensitizer LevelPolymer (phr) Gel Fraction______________________________________103 0.0 0.97103 0.1 0.98204 0.0 0.55204 0.1 0.44205 0.0 0.67205 0.1 0.75______________________________________ photoinitiator: UV9310C, aryl iodonium hexafluoroantiomonate, 0.5 phr source: medium pressure UV bulb line speed: 30 feet per minute
TABLE II______________________________________UN Initiated CureEffect of Photosensitizer(2-chlorothioxanthen-9-one, CTX) Photosensitizer LevelPolymer (phr) Gel Fraction______________________________________103 0.0 0.81103 0.1 0.76204 0.0 0.09204 0.1 0.63205 0.0 0.11205 0.1 0.50______________________________________ photoinitiator: UV9310C, aryl iodonium hexafluoroantimonate, 0.5 phr source: medium pressure UV bulb line speed: 90 feet per minute
The experiment carried out at the slower speed, 30 feet per minute, provided more irradiation to the polymers. It can be seen that the gel fractions of the samples containing styrene either decreased or did not increase very much at this higher level of irradiation.
However, the results were quite different at the faster line speed which provided much less irradiation. When no photosensitizer is present only 103 is crosslinked to a significant degree. Upon incorporation of 0.1 phr CTX the gel fraction of 204 is improved from 0.09 to 0.63. Likewise, the gel fraction of 205 is improved from 0.09 to 0.50. The gel fraction of 103 is essentially unchanged by incorporation of the photosensitizer. At this low level of irradiation, the limiting gel fraction of 204 and 205 is approached when the photosensitizer is present. When it is not present, only impratically low levels of gel are produced. These results show that the photosensitizer in conjunction with the photoinitiator significantly enhanced the cure rate of epoxidized polymers which contain UV absorbing aromatic segments.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Aug 20, 1979
|Dec 2, 1980
|The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company
|Hydrogenated block copolymers of butadiene containing a block of 1,4 and a block of 1,2-microstructure
|May 30, 1985
|Mar 28, 1989
|Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba
|Photocurable composition
|Jan 16, 1990
|Sep 22, 1992
|Mobil Oil Corporation
|Vulcanizable liquid compositions
|Aug 6, 1992
|May 11, 1993
|Mobil Oil Corporation
|Vulcanizable liquid compositions
|Apr 29, 1991
|Jul 20, 1993
|Shell Oil Company
|Epoxidized viscous conjugated diene block copolymers
|Jun 19, 1992
|Sep 21, 1993
|Shell Oil Company
|Randomly epoxidized small star polymers
|Nov 14, 1989
|Nov 14, 1990
|Japan Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.
|Hydrogenated block copolymer and composition thereof
|Jan 16, 1991
|Jul 24, 1991
|Mobil Oil Corporation
|Solid block and random elastomeric copolymers
|Jan 16, 1991
|Aug 14, 1991
|Mobil Oil Corporation
|Vulcanizable liquid copolymer
|J. V. Crivello and H. Sasaki, "Synthesis and Photopolymerization of Silicon-Containing Multifunctional Oxetane Monomers," J.M.S.-Pure Appl. Chem., A30(2&3), 173-187 (1993).
|J. V. Crivello and H. Sasaki, Synthesis and Photopolymerization of Silicon Containing Multifunctional Oxetane Monomers, J.M.S. Pure Appl. Chem. , A30(2&3), 173 187 (1993).
|J. V. Crivello, and J. L. Lee, "Alkoxy-Substituted Diaryliodonium Salt Cationic Photoinitiators," J. Polymer Science: Part A: Polymer Chemistry, vol. 27, 3951-3968 (1989).
|J. V. Crivello, and J. L. Lee, Alkoxy Substituted Diaryliodonium Salt Cationic Photoinitiators, J. Polymer Science: Part A: Polymer Chemistry , vol. 27, 3951 3968 (1989).
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Apr 27, 2001
|Jun 7, 2005
|Kraton Polymers U.S. Llc
|Non-aqueous solvent-free process for making UV curable adhesive and sealants from expodized monohydroxylated diene polymers
|Apr 27, 2001
|Feb 5, 2004
|Erickson James R.
|Non-aqueous solvent-free process for making uv curable adhesive and sealants from expodized monohydroxylated diene polymers
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Aug 31, 1998
Effective date: 19930708
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MASSE, MICHAEL ALAN;ERICKSON, JAMES ROBERT;REEL/FRAME:009437/0161
Owner name: SHELL OIL COMPANY, TEXAS


text:
Endurance exercise and metabolism are linked to transcriptional activation of human telomeres, researchers propose.
"Hunger Hormone" No More?
April 20, 2016|
Ghrelin promotes fat storage not feeding, according to a study.
April 20, 2016|
Ghrelin promotes fat storage not feeding, according to a study.
April 18, 2016|
The genomics pioneer shares the sessions she most looks forward to at this year's American Association for Cancer Research annual meeting.
April 13, 2016|
"Ego dissolution," and other things that happen to the human brain on LSD
April 7, 2016|
The immune cells—known for clearing dead cells—also chew up live progenitors in neurogenic regions of mouse brains.
April 7, 2016|
Analyzing resting brain scans, researchers can anticipate the brain activities of a person performing a range of tasks.
April 6, 2016|
Structural studies reveal how SSRI drugs bind to the human serotonin transporter.
April 5, 2016|
Certain immune cells surrounding the organ appear to block viral entry.
April 4, 2016|
People are attracted to others whose emotions they feel they can easily understand, according to a neuroimaging study.
April 1, 2016|
Methylation on adenine bases is involved in the dampening of gene expression in mammalian cells, according to a study.
April 1, 2016|
In the introduction to the book, author Sean B. Carroll draws the parallels between ecological and physiological maladies.

subset: commoncrawl


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Developing Story
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January 9, 2015, Harry J. Holzer
November 21, 2014, Brad Hershbein, Benjamin H. Harris and Melissa S. Kearney
June 19, 2014, Harry J. Holzer
June 19, 2014, Bridget Terry Long
June 19, 2014, Robert Lerman
June 13, 2014, Melissa S. Kearney and Benjamin H. Harris
February 24, 2014, Susan M. Dynarski
January 29, 2014, The Hamilton Project
October 21, 2013, Susan M. Dynarski and Daniel Kreisman
October 21, 2013, Sandy Baum and Judith Scott-Clayton
October 21, 2013, Phillip Levine
October 21, 2013
October 4, 2013, Melissa Kearney and Benjamin Harris, The Hamilton Project
July 5, 2013, Michael Greenstone and Adam Looney, The Hamilton Project
June 26, 2013, Caroline M. Hoxby and Sarah Turner
June 2013, Michael Greenstone, Adam Looney, Jeremy Patashnik, and Muxin Yu, The Hamilton Project
June 21, 2013, Michael Greenstone and Adam Looney, The Hamilton Project
June 7, 2013, Michael Greenstone and Adam Looney, The Hamilton Project
June 25, 2011, Michael Greenstone and Adam Looney
December 2010, Bridget Terry Long
June 2008, Sima J. Gandhi
February 2007, Judith Scott-Clayton and Susan M. Dynarski
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text:
"The Missionfield", from Into The Missionfield, recently covered by Freakwater on their brilliant new album, Sheherezade.
"The Missionfield", from Into The Missionfield, recently covered by Freakwater on their brilliant new album, Sheherezade.
Here they are, the first Drunken Prayer tour dates of 2016:
2/14 Great Scott – Boston, MA
2/15 3S Artspeed – Portsmouth, NH
2/16 The Bell House – Brooklyn NY
2/20 Zanzabar – Louisville KY
2/21 Riot Room – Kansas City MO
2/27 Tractor Tavern – Seattle, WA
2/28 Mississippi Studios – Portland, OR
3/01 The Chapel – San Francisco, CA
3/02 The Echo – Los Angeles CA
3/04 The Flycatcher – Tucson, AZ
3/05 Low Spirits – Albuquerque, NM
3/07 Kessler Theater – Dallas, TX
3/08 The Sidewinder – Austin, TX
3/11 Grey Eagle – Asheville, NC
3/12 Eddie's Attic – Decatur, GA
3/15 The Mill – Iowa City IA
3/18 Hideout Inn – Chicago, IL
All shows supporting Freakwater and Jaye Jayle
New Years Eve Party at The Grey Eagle, Asheville, NC with Unknown Hinson (Squidbillies)
8pm doors, 9pm show. $20 ADV, $25 day of show. ALL AGES. Standing room only.
"It's Christmastime" vinyl single – $7 also available on Itunes
Patches – $5
Vinyl Into the Missionfield album – $15
Email: email@example.com to directly place your order – if placed this week, we can deliver in time for Christmas.
Here are the dates:
11/27+28 The Next Waltz – The Alberta Rose Theatre
12/02 Old Gilbert Road Tavern (solo) with The Mutineers
12/03 Laurelthirst Public House (band) with Nick Peets
12/05 Fluff and Gravy Records House Party (solo) with Hip Hatchet
Humongous thanks to Mutiny Studios for the bitchin' poster!
Joy of Violent Movement says "Hand of God" from The Devil & The Blues exhibits "a humility and humanism that's sadly all too rare".
A few months ago we asked fans to submit clips of themselves wearing "Hello My Name Is" stickers for our new video. The response was overwhelming and the result is a happy thing. We hope you enjoy it. If you're reading this, chances are you're probably in it.
Some early reviews:
Morgan Geer – guitar, lead vocal
Lance Wille – drums
David Wayne Gay – bass, speech
Aaron Price – keys
Dallas Good – guitar
Joel Meredith – pedal steel guitar
Anna Tivel – fiddle
James Quong – clarinet
Henry Westmoreland – sax, trumpet
Aryana Lanning – speech
Juniana Lanning – background vocal
Recorded by Aaron Price at Collapseable (Asheville, NC)
Recorded and Mixed by Juniana Lanning at Fluff and Gravy (Portland, OR)
Original artwork – Jon Langford; layout and design – Suzie Million$
Worldwide distribution provided by The Burnside Distribution Company and Fluff and Gravy Records
"The drums stomp, guitars gallop and Geer's stand-and-deliver vocal style verges on violent. Wisps of smoke issue from the speakers — and there are still 11 tracks to go."
– Mountain Xpress, Asheville, NC
Thanks to the hard working children at Fluff and Gravy Records, the new Drunken Prayer album, THE DEVIL & THE BLUES shall be released on August 21, 2015. The album features members of Freakwater, The Reigning Sound and The Sadies, with artwork by Jon Langford.
PRE-ORDER NOW and get the first single "Hand of God" instantly.
As we prepare to welcome The Devil & The Blues, we close the door on The House of Morgan. "Apologies" is the final installment in the album's video series. Let's all celebrate the 4th of July with this soon-to-be nationalistic classic.
The layout just came together for our new record, The Devil & The Blues, and we're beside ourselves with the design. The brilliant Suzie Million$ tied the project together with her singular imaginative vision. I love it when a record looks like it sounds.
Suzie attended and dropped out of a couple of good art schools, the Munson Willliams Proctor Institute in Utica, New York, and the School of the Art Institute of Chicago.
She has also lived in Memphis, New Orleans, and now in Asheville, North Carolina, a rural town that prides itself on it's lighted roadside arrow signs. In New Orleans, Suzie tended bar at the legendary Saturn Bar, did design and promotion for a rock and roll club, The Howlin' Wolf, and worked briefly at a fascinating, but pathologically chaotic, folk art gallery in the French Quarter.
Suzie is one of our oldest, dearest friends and we're proud she deems this project worthy of her considerable talents.
When you get the chance, slap yourself a shady and visit her fun website: SuzieMillions.com
The Devil and The Blues, the new album from Drunken Prayer, will be available worldwide on July 21st from Fluff & Gravy Records and live at a limited number of release shows on both US coasts. The core band on this party record is The Unholy Trio of Morgan Geer (guitar, vox, keys), David Wayne Gay (bass, vox) and Lance Wille (drums).
Guests include Dallas Good of The Sadies (guitar), Aaron Price (keys), Anna Tivel (fiddle), Aryana & Juniana Lanning (background vox), Henry Westmoreland (sax, trumpet) and James "Names" Quong (clarinet). Original artwork by Jon Langford and design by Suzie Million$.
For more details please visit our calendar.
"…a pretty quintessential slice of backwoods poetry…" – KCRW (LA) is premiering our video for "Satin Sheets" this week!
The song was originally written and recorded by the criminally under-appreciated Willis Alan Ramsey. It's on Willis' masterpiece of an album he did in 1972 for Leon Russell's Shelter record label. This is side-b of the 7″ single Deer Lodge Records just put out for us. I recorded the two songs at home while I was mixing an upcoming LP; it pays homage to a couple of artists that were big around my house growing up – The Band ("Evangeline") and Willis Alan Ramsey.
Now get thee to a record store!
Thanks PopMatters!
Here's our "tender and curiously psychedelic" tribute to The Band, "Evangeline": a duet featuring Janet Beveridge Bean (Freakwater, 11th Dream Day, Horse's Ha).
Coattail riding, baby!
For the first Monday of the year, we bring you ULTRABAD from the House of Morgan series. This is vintage Super 8 footage of 60's motocross from Morgan Geer's family's archive of ultra-badasses from south Alabama.
Vinyl: deerlodgepdx.com/store
Digital: deerlodgepdx.bandcamp.com
Side A: "Evangeline" (The Band), duet with Janet Bean of Freakwater
Side B: "Satin Sheets" (Willis Alan Ramsey)
Brought to you by Deer Lodge Records of Portland, OR, these perfectly circular, exquisitely packaged, vinyl singles feature a glossy full-color cover photo, classy fonts, clear plastic sleeves and a Deer Lodge sticker, all for the low price of $6.50 + shipping.
What?! We're giving away the store!*
*not actually giving anything away
Happy Thanksgiving congregation. Gather 'round the hearth and reminisce about the "Things I Should've Done".
For the next two weeks you can follow my exploits with Freakwater via Twitter as we try our best to make a brand new record.
It's time to lawyer up, congregation.
Here it is for download:
Today we're proud to release our new single, Evangeline / Satin Sheets. These are covers of two songs by artists dear to my heart. Evangeline (The Band) was recorded as a duet with our beloved Freakwater's Janet Beveridge Bean. Satin Sheets is a song by my favorite songwriter, Willis Alan Ramsey. These were self-recorded at The House of Morgan in Asheville, NC this past summer and made listenable by Ezra Meredith, care of The Deer Lodge in Portland, OR.
As expected, the vinyl 7″ are taking a while to materialize but I'll let you know as soon as they're available.
It's great to be back in the Northwest. The beer is flowing, the volcano's erupting and the gospel music is still ringing in my ears from last night's rehearsal at Fluff and Gravy Records.
Congregation, we bring you a gift from Appalachia's soft white underbelly: the latest video from the House of Morgan series: "Lay Down".


text:
How To Replace The Drive Shaft On A String Trimmer
What do you think about this video?
Elsa Fernandez: Hi, how would I fix the part where the thread spool goes? My machine is no longer turning/moving /cutting. It has a brand new string. It's a black and decker weed whacker. Thank you so much.
John Dumas: Could someone tell me please. exactly the correct length of the drive cable for a PP135? And possibly a picture of the correct one?
I had mine apart and stored until I moved but can not find the shaft. Someone gave me one saying that they basically were all the same but it appears this one is too short.
I'd prefer not to start whacking the tube itself if I don't have to so I wish to make sure of the length and the part the shaft itself slides into and then fit into the tube,
Thank you,
Julia Sok: Hello. I would like to know the dimensions of oil seal crankshaft or where can I find this information. Thanks in advance. (I am asking as of now trimmer is nor right next to me(another city) but i need to buy spare part.
Gordon Paterson: which way does the drive shaft go ? if i put it in the wrong way it will get damaged easy
Marty Kelly (Makaveli): Thanks Mark! Quick question though. What do you call the ignition wire connectors that you separated? I am was assembling a new trimmer for my mum and found that one of the connectors was missing. Just need correct name to ensure I order correct one. Thanks again.
Malcolm Miles: your videos are always clear and direct. Thanks for the help!
Edward Bugash: My Echo GT-225 seems to spit out quite a bit of oil while using, is there a seal or gasket that's bad??? Is there a video on how to fix??
Brandon Bridges: i am having a hard time finding the driveshaft part for my trimmer. Its a homelite UT22600 doesnt appear to be on your site or I am missing it. Any advice?
Antonio Biggs: I have to replace the flex shaft coupler on an Echo power pruner (pole saw) ppt-266h, is it pretty much the same as doing this?
cameron Moore: Very helpful
Leslie Aussem: great video!
Daniel Kirkman: how do you replace the shaft on a split boom weed-eater?
Snow Angels Contracting: Thanks for the video that you posted. It gives me an idea on how to repair my drive shaft string trimmer. Good work.
Richard Moore: If you're replacing the shaft it means its broke you didn't show how to get the broken part out duh
Stephen Hughes: Thanks I had no idea its all trial and error to get the drive shaft in place! I had a fear I had to take apart the carburettor as well!
onfireee81: I don't use curve shafts but on straight shafts isn't it easier just to loosen the 2 hex bolts at gear case assembly instead of taking the power head off? Just asking
ruzzkon65: very usefull tutor for me as neubi..thanks
Sonya Centeno: I work for Sears Lawn and Garden Technical phone help and I just wanted to say thank you for facilitating my ongoing learning process that is not afforded me at work. We get a few weeks training and a few weeks on the phone training on then we are expected to trouble shoot and tell people how to repair their L&G equipment like a pro. Thanks to videos like these Sears customers have at least one fairly learned advocate for them when all goes wrong. Keep up the good work!
How to Replace the Drive Shaft on a String Trimmer 5 out of 5


text:
Zamalek0227354000, 0227359000
118 26th Of July Street, Entrance on Abdel Aziz Osman Street
Ask for our daily availability from the below
RegularLargeFamily (4pers)Add
Fresh vegetables stuffed with our special rice mix or meat mix and topped with tomato sauce for flavor. An excellent way to start your meal
Special of the day - Our daily specials include some of our classic and favorite entrees. Served everyday of the day. All you've got to do is take your pick
Come back again soon for offers.
La Poire0.00 KM
Makani Deli0.00 KM
Manoushe Street0.02 KM
Burger Joint0.02 KM
Makani Sushi & Deli0.02 KM
Sidewalk0.07 KM
Burger and Bagels0.07 KM
The Burger Factory0.09 KM
Mr. Wok0.09 KM
El Gomhoria Fish0.10 KM
Simonds0.11 KM
Manhattan Burger0.11 KM
Lychee0.13 KM
El Omda0.13 KM
Gelato Mio0.13 KM
Lo2met 3eish0.13 KM
The Four Fat Ladies0.14 KM
NOLA Cupcakes0.14 KM
Khameera0.14 KM
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text:
I have just been awarded the Yearling badge on SO, but have noticed that now my Beta badge has disappeared from my listed badges. The summary at the top of the page shows 2 silver and 8 bronze, but the list on my details page says 1 silver and 8 bronze. Perhaps a bug?
Meta Stack Exchange is where users like you discuss bugs, features, and support issues that affect the software powering all 158 Stack Exchange communities.
What is meta?
What is meta?
Here's how it works:
- Any Stack Exchange user can ask a question
- The community provides support, votes on ideas, and reports bugs
- Your voice helps shape the way Stack Exchange operates
Jeff had a change of heart about who could get a Beta badge. If yours was stitched on, but you really only signed up during the beta period and didn't actually participate until it was open, then your Beta badge has been revoked.
Sounds fair seeing as "actively participated in the private beta" doesn't match with just signing up and waiting around.
But yeah, that counter at the top is still showing the count with that Beta badge in, like the little piece of skin left after ripping the scab off. Or when you take off a poster from the wall and see that it's a different shade to the rest.


text:
Outbound Telemarketing Role - Web Design/ Graphics Services
This project received 9 bids from talented freelancers with an average bid price of $2 USD / hour.Get free quotes for a project like this
Skills Required
Project Budget$-3 - $2 USD / hour
Total Bids9
Project Description
This job has been re-advertised due to unsuitable candidates.
Your task will be to promote our web based services by cold calling business customers. After discussing their needs you will recommend a product or service of ours and if appropriate close the sale.
The work is running on US time so you will need to be up and about and willing to work these hours.
We pay a retainer plus a commission of your sales. Minimum levels and targets will be discussed on approach.
Well spoken english is an absolute must.
You need basic pc skills to fill in orders and type up results.
A high speed internet connection, quiet place to work,good quality head set with? clear? microphone and reliable power is required to undertake the job successfully.
Please note, I currently manage contractors in India, Philippines, Pakistan, Sweden, Ukraine, Dubai and the US.? Be realistic with your rates as I am well versed in what is acceptable. As a guide, I would expect you to average $6 per hour if you meet your minimum sales. $8.5 is also attainable. Base rate (retainer is $1 per hour). If you only get paid your retainer you will not have a job at the end of the week.
? I am fully aware of the cultural and geographical challenges that outsourcing internationally brings. This is a legitimate job for an honest worker.
If you apply for this job and are successful, expect to provide your full name, address and other details. You will be handling customers credit card details and I need to ensure that you are who you say you are and you are trustworthy of such duties.
## Deliverables
1) All deliverables will be considered "work made for hire" under U.S. Copyright law. Employer will receive exclusive and complete copyrights to all work purchased. (No 3rd party components unless all copyright ramifications are explained AND AGREED TO by the employer on the site per the worker's Worker Legal Agreement).
2) 40 hours work3) Fluent english with clear spoken manner4) Sales target achieved4) Adherence to schedule (Presented for work ready to start at 8:30 am Arizona, US time on Wednesday, 8th of September. Worked until 5 pm Arizona, US time. Stuck to scheduled lunch break of 30 minutes and no more then two paid 15 minute breaks per shift).5) Maintained business reputation by behaving according to company code of conduct.6) Completed minimum 100 calls per day.7) Acted respectfully to work colleagues at all time8) Has not been dishonest9) Has not defrauded the business10) CV submitted with one form of photo id (must be drivers license or current passport)
## Platform
Skype You need to be able to run the call centre software. Headset with clear microphone PC, mouse and keyboard.
Looking to make some money?
- Set your budget and the timeframe
- Outline your proposal
- Get paid for your work
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Restaurants in Manchester
Showcasing all its original Edwardian beauty with a modern twist, the Corn Exchange is home to a mouth watering mix of restaurants in Manchester that offer a fusion of flavours from around the globe. Satisfying those looking for a truly individual and inimitable dining venue. The Corn Exchange is home to some of the most exciting restaurants in Manchester.
Looking for Restaurants near Manchester Arena?
The Corn Exchange is ideally situated in the heart of Manchester city centre, in walking distance of both Victoria train station and Manchester Arena. If you have a concert or event coming up at the MEN, the Corn Exchange offers a variety of restaurants and cuisines to suit any occasion.


text:
The Gender Stereotypes Test
Their result for The Gender Stereotypes Test ...
The Androgenous Hero
Your score is ###!
Their Analysis (Vertical line = Average)
They scored 100% on andropoints, higher than 94% of your peers.
All possible test results
Straight and Narrow
Are you ancient? Why have you not evolved with the rest of us? You believe in highly restrictive gender roles and clothing. You need to get out more. Read more
You believe in the freedom to choose what fits best for one and all. You wouldn't be caught dead cross-dressed, but you likely won't beat up the next cross-dressed individual. You have a decent unde... Read more
The Androgenous Hero
Well, if society only progressed with you, wouldn't this be a nice place to live. Go on wearing what you like and encouraging others to do so. Work and play with flexibility. You are great! Read more
Recent Results
finalflareid25 / m / Straight
Tests others are taking
beachblissme40 / f / Bisexual
Blkphoenix85641 / m / Gay
Milo_Amsterdam28 / m / Straight
The Tits, Ass, and Cuteness Test
BaseballMan1325 / m / Straight
More tests we think you'll like
Taken 77326 times.
The Humane Sexuality Test
Hi! And welcome to my Humane Sexuality Test. I'll be using advanced theory and research to determine how sexually open, educated and just plain weird ...
Taken 42739 times.
The Which Wife are You Test
This test is to show which kind of wife you are, or will be (if that is your thing). Remember to answer honestly, otherwise any future spouses out th...
Taken 9241 times.
The Fucked Stream of Consciousness Test
This test is intended to just give you a laugh. In a day and age of constant competition I decided not to make this test about scoring but rather a br...
Taken 19761 times.
The Should You Teach High School Test
Find out if I think teaching high school is the right career for you! Keep in mind, it's only my personal opinion. This test will be based on me, basically.
Taken 6837 times.
The MeTest
now do you really know me?
Taken 10187 times.
The Waht type of car person are ya Test
Hi! I'll be asking questions regarding the automotive cultural set u fit into. Also whether you are more speed/power oriented or more appearnce orien...
Taken 12303 times.
The Nightclub test
How intelligent are you when it comes to hitting the clubs for an evening?
Taken 8073 times.
The Real Deal Test
Hi! And welcome to my Real Deal Test. I'll be using advanced logic and knowledge to determine your true nature. TODO: REWRITE THIS.
Taken 3113 times.
The How over METAL are you? Test
You can only do so much with metal, and the music is following the same path as the worldly element did. when the first metal was smelted it revolutio...
Taken 50657 times.
The dumbest Test
Hi! And welcome to my dumbest Test. I'll be using no logic and little knowledge to determine something.
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text:
About Classic British Hotels
Best Price Guarantee
Advance Purchase Savings
The Treasure Houses of England
Contact Us
Join the Hotel Partnership (information for hotels)
Our UK Hotels
Special Offers & packages
Gift Vouchers
Meetings, Conferences & Events
Group Bookings
Booking Terms & Conditions
Privacy Policy
Cookie Policy
Hotel Breaks…
Discovery Breaks
Golf Breaks
Gourmet Breaks
Romantic Breaks
Spa Breaks
Special Offers
Weekend Breaks
Christmas & New Year Breaks
Hotel Types…
Art & Culture Hotels
City Centre Hotels
Coast & Lake Hotels
Country House Hotels
Eco Hotels
Family Hotels
Golf Hotels
Gourmet Hotels
Heritage Hotels
Hidden Gem Hotels
Luxury Hotels
National Park Hotels
Resort Hotels
Romantic Hotels
Spa Hotels
Wildlife & Safari Hotels
Our hotels…
Each Classic British Hotels has its own unique character, local flavour, style and facilities.
- Abbey Hotel, Golf & Spa
- Armagh City Hotel
- Barns Hotel
- Berkeley Square Hotel
- Blackpool FC Hotel
- Bridge Hotel & Spa
- Brownsover Hall Hotel
- Cavendish Hotel
- Chase Hotel
- Cotswold Lodge Hotel
- County Hotel
- Dartington Hall Hotel
- Deans Place Country House Hotel
- Donnington Valley Hotel, Golf & Spa
- Dunadry Hotel & Country Club
- Elstead Hotel
- Fairlawns Hotel & Spa
- Gellifawr Country House Hotel
- Gliffaes Country House Hotel
- Gomersal Park Hotel & Spa
- Gonville Hotel
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I was unable to register at the bugtracker (still haven't received no e-mail, and there doesn't seem to be any way to post to there without it), so posting this here.
Clicking render crashes instantly on Ubuntu 12.04. This goes for both 0.8.2.1 and 0.8.3. Doesn't matter if there is a project open or not.
Signal: Floating point exception (8)
Qt: 4.8.1
KDE Development Platform: 4.8.2 (4.8.2)
Crash dump: http://dl.dropbox.com/u/443596/kdenlive-20120506-035035.kcrash
- Chris
Sat, 01/05/2013 - 03:16
Same problem here ... it is super annoying as this is my only box. It is a serious inconvenience.
Sun, 01/06/2013 - 09:24
I have same problem but only for my last project (previous one from august is ok).
error message : "Segmentation Fault (core dumped)".
How can I investigate the problem ?
******problem partially solved********
I opened the render window from an empty project and then open my project file.I got a message : "No matching profile". selecting a custom profile seem to work then...
but kdenlive should not crash if there is no matching profile ;-)
Sun, 01/06/2013 - 11:37
ilkm and supercow - what vers of kdenlive are you running? 0.9.3 has lots of bug fixes. If you try that vers and still have a prob then start a bug report at mantis


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Sonic Reducer
By Marisa Demarco
17 Pygmies 13 Blackbirds, 13 Lotus (Trakwerx)
Who is manning the woodblock on 13 Blackbirds? I can get next to soupy folk ambience, super-blended vocals, even a mellow pace. But there is some woodblock-sounding thing (Or alternately, some other awkward percussion instrument. Is that a triangle?) plinking away in the foreground of a bunch of tracks. I zero in. I tap along. I jam ... with the woodblock. All the careful atmosphere falls away, and it's time for "The Woodblock Hour" with Woody and his Syncopated Block Boys. 13 Lotus, a second disc that remixes a song titled "Lotus," replaces the woodblock with decent electronic work that provides a nice, unexpected contrast to the folksiness of it all.
Mos Def True Magic (Geffen Records)
I don't know about this one, Mr. Def. No one could accuse you of being too hooky, but most of it slides right over the ear, and if you asked me to repeat something I'd just heard, I'd have nothing. The beats plod along, tired. None of the flows make contact either. You're not Talib, and no one expects you to be. But you usually make up for it with singability and style. Yeah, it's probably better than a lot of crap out there, but the ironically titled True Magic is missing that certain something.
Rod Lacy Blacklung (self-released)
More than a year after recording the thing, local Rod Lacy, formerly of Weldon, pulled together a band (The Old Main) to release a disc of lilt, twang and alt.country/folk juice. He handles all the instruments on the CD, though he says he didn't know how to play any of them until he started fiddling around in the studio. Textures figure heavily into the first couple of tracks, with ambient noise invited in for a spell. Clearly a solid songwriter and guitar player, it's the rest of the instruments, a little wild in their newness, that really work for me.
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Josh Turner • country at Isleta Resort & Casino: The ShowroomMore Recommended Events ››
Low Life Vids'n'Vinyl • 8.11.2016
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HAVANA -- The pitcher who helped Cuba defeat the Baltimore Orioles in the United States a decade ago tried to stop a fight and was smashed in the face with a blunt object. His injuries are not life-threatening but he will need reconstructive surgery.
Norge Luis Vera is in "delicate, stable condition and fully conscious," the government-controlled Radio Rebelde said Monday. He is in the intensive care unit of Saturnino Lora Hospital in Santiago, Cuba's second-largest city.
The 38-year-old pitcher plays for Santiago in Cuba's top baseball league.
The government weekly newspaper Trabajadores reported Monday that Vera tried to break up a fight Sunday in Santiago and received a "a violent blow to the face, which provoked multiple fractures to the upper jaw," according to Zadys Navarro, one of the doctors treating the player. She said his life is not in danger but facial surgery will be necessary.
Official reports did not say where or exactly when the fight occurred or provide further details about the object used to hit Vera. It was unclear if any arrests were made and Cuba's Sports Ministry declined to comment.
Cuba's national team traveled to Baltimore for an exhibition series in May 1999 and beat the Orioles 12-6 after Vera relieved struggling starter Jose Contreras, who later defected and played for the New York Yankees and Chicago White Sox before joining the Colorado Rockies.
Against Baltimore, Vera allowed just three hits in seven scoreless innings, becoming an instant star in Cuba. Two months earlier, the teams had met in Havana with the Orioles winning 3-2 in 11 innings.
Vera won a gold medal with Cuba at the 2004 Athens Olympics and took silver with the team at the 2000 Sydney Games and last year in Beijing. He was a starter for Cuba in this season's World Baseball Classic and earned victories over South Africa and Mexico.
Vera has yet to start a game for Santiago this season, which began Nov. 1. In 14 seasons, he has a 152-57 record and a career ERA of 2.61.


text: Richies is a medium sized restaurant within 3 minutes of the Wyndham resort in Rio Grande and conveniently accessible via Richies personal shuttling service. The food is absolutely outstanding in taste and presentation. We chose to have baby back ribs and their pineapple stuffed with rice and shrimp dishes. These were recommended by Richies excellent shuttle driver, Robert. The ribs... More


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|By Marketwired .
Article Rating:
|February 26, 2013 12:01 AM EST
SAN FRANCISCO, CA -- (Marketwire) -- 02/26/13 -- FinancialForce.com, the cloud applications company, today announced the Winter '13 release of FinancialForce Professional Services Automation (PSA), a cloud-based solution that transforms how professional services (PS) organizations sell, resource, and deliver professional services projects. FinancialForce PSA Winter '13 reinforces FinancialForce.com's commitment to making PS teams more effective, mobile and social.
Built on the Salesforce Platform and natively embedded with Salesforce CRM, FinancialForce PSA is one of the industry's fastest growing PSA solutions. Winter '13 is based on enhancement ideas submitted online by the company's growing community of users via the FinancialForce Community. FinancialForce.com has delivered new capabilities in PSA Winter '13 to dramatically simplify expense entry and receipt capture via mobile devices. FinancialForce PSA Winter '13 also features a host of new innovations based on customer feedback to boost productivity and ease of use for services teams.
More Efficient, Mobile and Social
FinancialForce PSA Winter '13 features a new mobile expense entry application which complements the existing FinancialForce PSA timecard entry application. The new app gives highly mobile PS workforces the tools they need to focus on customer service and satisfaction and minimize the time spent on administrative responsibilities.
Mobile expense entry enables users to submit and track their expenses on their Android device, iPhone or iPad, taking photos of receipts and attaching them to expenses. Once submitted, expenses are immediately available for client billing and/or accounting for employee reimbursement. With everything centralized, PS professionals can access all the information they need to collaborate on the road, including via Salesforce Chatter, while getting their timecards and expenses entered anywhere, anytime.
PSA Winter '13 also introduces many time-saving features, based directly on users' evolving needs. For example:
- The FinancialForce Output Builder now offers automatic, scheduled project status reports. Output Builder can create project status updates directly from the data in the system, which can be automatically emailed to customers and stakeholders. In addition to keeping external and internal teams up-to-date, this capability also saves PS teams significant time and resources from the laborious process of gathering data manually, and assimilating the information into attractive and informative project reports based on the customers' needs.
- ClickLink, a FinancialForce Platform "click to integrate" tool now features Import/Export functionality to transfer integration rules and configurations between organizations. This allows integration rules to be shared between sandbox and live environments as well as sharing amongst the FinancialForce user community.
- Bulk Timecard and Expense Approval allows professionals to breeze through an often arduous process in bulk rather than manually manage approvals one by one.
"For professional services teams, maximizing their business value for customers remains the top priority," said Christine Dover, Research Director at IDC. "Mobile expense entry, bulk approval and customized real-time reporting capabilities allow consultants and services professionals more time to focus on what's essential -- customer service and satisfaction."
In addition, PSA Winter '13 includes dozens of productivity enhancements to reduce data entry, make resource assignments easier and allow more flexibility to adapt to changing project needs on the fly.
"Manual and time-intensive administrative duties consume too much of a consultant's time, both personal and potentially billable time," said Jeremy Roche, CEO at FinancialForce.com. "This new release not only gives them an edge in mobile and social capabilities but it gives them back time to do what they do best -- delighting customers."
FinancialForce PSA Winter '13 is available immediately to FinancialForce PSA users as part of their subscription fee. The Mobile Expenses Application will be available in the Apple App Store and Google Play within three weeks. To learn more, visit www.financialforce.com.
About FinancialForce.com
FinancialForce.com is the cloud applications company. We build the #1 Accounting, Billing and Professional services automation applications on the Salesforce cloud platform. We serve fast-growing organizations and dynamic enterprises, helping them to align Finance, Sales and Service in a way that enables profitable growth. We are backed by two of the biggest and best players in the business, UNIT4 and salesforce.com.
To learn more please follow us on Twitter @FinancialForce, visit our Facebook page or visit www.FinancialForce.com.
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I wanted to gather all of my Internet of Things (IOT) blogs into a single blog (that I could later use with my University of San Francisco (USF) Big Data "MBA" course). However as I started to pull these blogs together, I realized that my IOT discussion lacked a vision; it lacked an end point towards which an organization could drive their IOT envisioning, proof of value, app dev, data engineering and data science efforts. And I think that the IOT end point is really quite simple…
Jul. 30, 2016 07:30 PM EDT Reads: 1,315
Internet of @ThingsExpo, taking place November 1-3, 2016, at the Santa Clara Convention Center in Santa Clara, CA, is co-located with the 19th International Cloud Expo and will feature technical sessions from a rock star conference faculty and the leading industry players in the world and ThingsExpo Silicon Valley Call for Papers is now open.
Jul. 30, 2016 07:00 PM EDT Reads: 2,771
You think you know what's in your data. But do you? Most organizations are now aware of the business intelligence represented by their data. Data science stands to take this to a level you never thought of – literally. The techniques of data science, when used with the capabilities of Big Data technologies, can make connections you had not yet imagined, helping you discover new insights and ask new questions of your data. In his session at @ThingsExpo, Sarbjit Sarkaria, data science team lead ...
Jul. 30, 2016 05:00 PM EDT Reads: 1,303
WebRTC is bringing significant change to the communications landscape that will bridge the worlds of web and telephony, making the Internet the new standard for communications. Cloud9 took the road less traveled and used WebRTC to create a downloadable enterprise-grade communications platform that is changing the communication dynamic in the financial sector. In his session at @ThingsExpo, Leo Papadopoulos, CTO of Cloud9, discussed the importance of WebRTC and how it enables companies to focus...
Jul. 30, 2016 04:30 PM EDT Reads: 1,122
"My role is working with customers, helping them go through this digital transformation. I spend a lot of time talking to banks, big industries, manufacturers working through how they are integrating and transforming their IT platforms and moving them forward," explained William Morrish, General Manager Product Sales at Interoute, in this SYS-CON.tv interview at 18th Cloud Expo, held June 7-9, 2016, at the Javits Center in New York City, NY.
Jul. 30, 2016 04:30 PM EDT Reads: 2,275
SYS-CON Events announced today that 910Telecom will exhibit at the 19th International Cloud Expo, which will take place on November 1–3, 2016, at the Santa Clara Convention Center in Santa Clara, CA. Housed in the classic Denver Gas & Electric Building, 910 15th St., 910Telecom is a carrier-neutral telecom hotel located in the heart of Denver. Adjacent to CenturyLink, AT&T, and Denver Main, 910Telecom offers connectivity to all major carriers, Internet service providers, Internet backbones and ...
Jul. 30, 2016 01:30 PM EDT Reads: 982
SYS-CON Events announced today that LeaseWeb USA, a cloud Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) provider, will exhibit at the 19th International Cloud Expo, which will take place on November 1–3, 2016, at the Santa Clara Convention Center in Santa Clara, CA. LeaseWeb is one of the world's largest hosting brands. The company helps customers define, develop and deploy IT infrastructure tailored to their exact business needs, by combining various kinds cloud solutions.
Jul. 30, 2016 11:30 AM EDT Reads: 1,412
For basic one-to-one voice or video calling solutions, WebRTC has proven to be a very powerful technology. Although WebRTC's core functionality is to provide secure, real-time p2p media streaming, leveraging native platform features and server-side components brings up new communication capabilities for web and native mobile applications, allowing for advanced multi-user use cases such as video broadcasting, conferencing, and media recording.
Jul. 30, 2016 10:45 AM EDT Reads: 1,126
SYS-CON Events announced today that Venafi, the Immune System for the Internet™ and the leading provider of Next Generation Trust Protection, will exhibit at @DevOpsSummit at 19th International Cloud Expo, which will take place on November 1–3, 2016, at the Santa Clara Convention Center in Santa Clara, CA. Venafi is the Immune System for the Internet™ that protects the foundation of all cybersecurity – cryptographic keys and digital certificates – so they can't be misused by bad guys in attacks...
Jul. 30, 2016 10:15 AM EDT Reads: 1,524
ReadyTalk has expanded the capabilities of the FoxDen collaboration platform announced late last year to include FoxDen Connect, an in-room video collaboration experience that launches with a single touch. With FoxDen Connect, users can now not only engage in HD video conferencing between iOS and Android mobile devices or Chrome browsers, but also set up in-person meeting rooms for video interactions. A host's mobile device automatically recognizes the presence of a meeting room via beacon tech...
Jul. 30, 2016 10:00 AM EDT Reads: 555
The cloud market growth today is largely in public clouds. While there is a lot of spend in IT departments in virtualization, these aren't yet translating into a true "cloud" experience within the enterprise. What is stopping the growth of the "private cloud" market? In his general session at 18th Cloud Expo, Nara Rajagopalan, CEO of Accelerite, explored the challenges in deploying, managing, and getting adoption for a private cloud within an enterprise. What are the key differences between wh...
Jul. 30, 2016 10:00 AM EDT Reads: 2,189
It's 2016: buildings are smart, connected and the IoT is fundamentally altering how control and operating systems work and speak to each other. Platforms across the enterprise are networked via inexpensive sensors to collect massive amounts of data for analytics, information management, and insights that can be used to continuously improve operations. In his session at @ThingsExpo, Brian Chemel, Co-Founder and CTO of Digital Lumens, will explore: The benefits sensor-networked systems bring to ...
Jul. 30, 2016 09:15 AM EDT Reads: 1,661
On Dice.com, the number of job postings asking for skill in Amazon Web Services increased 76 percent between June 2015 and June 2016. Salesforce.com saw its own skill mentions increase 37 percent, while DevOps and Cloud rose 35 percent and 28 percent, respectively. Even as they expand their presence in the cloud, companies are also looking for tech professionals who can manage projects, crunch data, and figure out how to make systems run more autonomously. Mentions of 'data science' as a skill ...
Jul. 30, 2016 09:00 AM EDT Reads: 633
Manufacturers are embracing the Industrial Internet the same way consumers are leveraging Fitbits – to improve overall health and wellness. Both can provide consistent measurement, visibility, and suggest performance improvements customized to help reach goals. Fitbit users can view real-time data and make adjustments to increase their activity. In his session at @ThingsExpo, Mark Bernardo Professional Services Leader, Americas, at GE Digital, discussed how leveraging the Industrial Internet a...
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Amazon has gradually rolled out parts of its IoT offerings in the last year, but these are just the tip of the iceberg. In addition to optimizing their back-end AWS offerings, Amazon is laying the ground work to be a major force in IoT – especially in the connected home and office. Amazon is extending its reach by building on its dominant Cloud IoT platform, its Dash Button strategy, recently announced Replenishment Services, the Echo/Alexa voice recognition control platform, the 6-7 strategic...
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In addition to all the benefits, IoT is also bringing new kind of customer experience challenges - cars that unlock themselves, thermostats turning houses into saunas and baby video monitors broadcasting over the internet. This list can only increase because while IoT services should be intuitive and simple to use, the delivery ecosystem is a myriad of potential problems as IoT explodes complexity. So finding a performance issue is like finding the proverbial needle in the haystack.
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There will be new vendors providing applications, middleware, and connected devices to support the thriving IoT ecosystem. This essentially means that electronic device manufacturers will also be in the software business. Many will be new to building embedded software or robust software. This creates an increased importance on software quality, particularly within the Industrial Internet of Things where business-critical applications are becoming dependent on products controlled by software. Qua...
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Big Data, cloud, analytics, contextual information, wearable tech, sensors, mobility, and WebRTC: together, these advances have created a perfect storm of technologies that are disrupting and transforming classic communications models and ecosystems. In his session at @ThingsExpo, Erik Perotti, Senior Manager of New Ventures on Plantronics' Innovation team, provided an overview of this technological shift, including associated business and consumer communications impacts, and opportunities it ...
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The 19th International Cloud Expo has announced that its Call for Papers is open. Cloud Expo, to be held November 1-3, 2016, at the Santa Clara Convention Center in Santa Clara, CA, brings together Cloud Computing, Big Data, Internet of Things, DevOps, Digital Transformation, Microservices and WebRTC to one location. With cloud computing driving a higher percentage of enterprise IT budgets every year, it becomes increasingly important to plant your flag in this fast-expanding business opportuni...
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IoT is rapidly changing the way enterprises are using data to improve business decision-making. In order to derive business value, organizations must unlock insights from the data gathered and then act on these. In their session at @ThingsExpo, Eric Hoffman, Vice President at EastBanc Technologies, and Peter Shashkin, Head of Development Department at EastBanc Technologies, discussed how one organization leveraged IoT, cloud technology and data analysis to improve customer experiences and effi...
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℃-ute was formed in the year 2005, consisting of seven girls from Hello! Project Kids who were not chosen to form the group Berryz Koubou (Berryz工房). Before their official debut, they released four indies singles only available in Japan. They also sung the theme song for the Nintendo DS game "Densetsu no Stafi 4". ℃-ute's debut single "Sakura Chirari" (桜チラリ) was released February 21st 2007 and reached #5 on the Oricon weekly charts. Read more on Last.fm Read more about ℃-ute
Similar Artists
℃-ute lyrics and discography
℃-ute top songs
- Bye Bye Bye!
- 大きな愛でもてなして
- まっさらブルージーンズ
- That's the POWER
- Massara Blue Jeans
- 都会っ子 純情
- 桜チラリ
- Kiss me 愛してる
- めぐる恋の季節


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GuildQuality customer satisfaction surveys enable homeowners to rate their contractor on a scale of zero to four (with zero being the worst and four being the best) in all sorts of categories. Our members can publish a summary of those answers here on their profile page, displaying a bar for as many or as few questions as they like. The score for each category indicates the percentage of survey respondents who answered a three or four to that particular question.
Water damage restoration (1211)
Fire damage restoration (1205)
Storm damage restoration (1193)
Tree damage restoration (1193)
Historic restoration (1192)
Basement remodel (1)
Bathroom remodel (1)
HVAC service job (1)
Windows & doors (1)
We display two types of written homeowner feedback on GuildQuality member profile pages: Comments and Reviews.
In response to our customer satisfaction surveys, homeowners share lots of comments about construction quality, communication, or any other question asked in the survey. Guildmembers can selectively publish these comments here on their profile page.
Reviews are different than comments. These are star ratings that homeowners ask us to publish, and they come with a written description of the type of experience they had working with their contractor. We publish all of the reviews we receive: positive and negative alike.
As a GuildQuality Guildmember, Menold Construction, Inc. relies on our customer surveying to help them deliver an exceptional customer experience.
We have surveyed customers on behalf of Menold Construction, Inc. in Peoria, IL; Bloomington, IL; Morton, IL; Normal, IL; Washington, IL; Pekin, IL; Dunlap, IL; East Peoria, IL; Bartonville, IL; Metamora, IL; and 59 other cities in Illinois.
In this report, Menold Construction, Inc. has published a summary of the customer feedback they've received in the past 12 months. In that time, 255 out of 503 customers (51%) responded to a GuildQuality satisfaction survey, with the most recent response in July 2016.
Menold Construction, Inc. surveys all of their customers with the following exceptions:
Customers receive a brief survey shortly after the completion of work, and their feedback appears in the summary on this page.
If you are a Menold Construction, Inc. customer, if your project doesn't match the above exceptions, and if Menold Construction, Inc. completed work for you after July of 2015 but you haven't yet received a survey, please let us know.
Thanks for letting us know that this comment may be inappropriate. A member of our team will review the comment.
Thank you for sharing your feedback. We will send you a post card with instructions on how to confirm your review. Once we receive your confirmation, we will publish your review.


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text: >> >> Update to newer builds. They contain some udev magic to start things >> automatically (for open networks anyway). >> I wonder if there isn't another timing/race issue lurking here. After boot, if WiFi is up and connected to an AP (or ad-hoc net), I issue: iwconfig wlan0 essid "1234" mode ad-hoc I will often times find no essid upon subsequent "iwconfig" commands. If I issue the "iwconfig wlan0 essid "1234" mode ad-hoc" a second time, it works, and the overo joins the ad-hoc network. It seems pretty consistent that it takes two calls to iwconfig to get the part in the right state. I'm running the 200907261233 image -- View this message in context: http://www.nabble.com/bitbake-errors-tp23753929p24900405.html Sent from the Gumstix mailing list archive at Nabble.com.