text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jul 11, 2006
|Filing date
|Feb 26, 2004
|Priority date
|Feb 27, 2003
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Carl E. Fabian, Philip M. Anderson, III, Gordon E. Fish
|Original Assignee
|Fabian Carl E, Anderson Iii Philip M, Fish Gordon E
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (17), Referenced by (22), Classifications (10), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application claims the filing date of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/451,069, filed Feb. 27, 2003, entitled Miniature Magnetomechanical Marker For Electronic Article Surveillance System.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an electronic article surveillance system and a marker for use therein; and more particularly, to a system comprising a miniature magnetomechanically resonant marker that enhances the sensitivity and reliability of the article surveillance system.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Attempts to protect articles of merchandise and the like against theft from retail stores have resulted in numerous technical arrangements. Among these, a tag or marker is secured to an article to be protected. The marker responds to an interrogation signal from transmitting apparatus situated proximate either an exit door of the premises to be protected, or an aisleway adjacent to the cashier or checkout station. A nearby receiving apparatus receives a signal produced by the marker in response to the interrogation signal. The presence of the response signal indicates that the marker has not been removed or deactivated by the cashier, and that the article bearing it may not have been paid for or properly checked out.
Several different types of markers have been disclosed in the literature, and are in use. In one type, the functional portion of the marker consists of either an antenna and diode or an antenna and capacitors forming a resonant circuit. When placed in an electromagnetic field transmitted by the interrogation apparatus, the antenna-diode marker generates harmonics of the interrogation frequency in the receiving antenna; the resonant circuit marker causes an increase in absorption of the transmitted signal so as to reduce the signal in the receiving coil. The detection of the harmonic or signal level change indicates the presence of the marker. With this type of system, the marker must be removed from the merchandise by the cashier. Failure to do so indicates that the merchandise has not been properly accounted for by the cashier. In addition, markers of these types typically are relatively expensive, making it economically desirable to reuse them.
A second type of marker consists of a first elongated element of high magnetic permeability ferromagnetic material disposed adjacent to at least a second element of ferromagnetic material having higher coercivity than the first element. When subjected to an interrogation frequency of electromagnetic radiation, the marker causes harmonics of the interrogation frequency to be developed in the receiving coil. The detection of such harmonics indicates the presence of the marker. Deactivation of the marker is accomplished by changing the state of magnetization of the second element. Thus, when the marker is exposed to a dc magnetic field, the state of magnetization in the second element changes and, depending upon the design of the marker being used, either the amplitude of the harmonics chosen for detection is significantly reduced, or the amplitude of the even numbered harmonics is significantly changed. Either of these changes can be readily detected in the receiving coil.
Ferromagnetic, harmonic-generating markers are smaller, contain fewer components and materials, and are easier to fabricate than resonant-circuit or antenna-diode markers. As a consequence, such a marker can be treated as a disposable item affixed to the article to be protected and subsequently disposed of by the customer. Such markers may be readily deactivated by the application of a dc magnetic field pulse triggered by the cashier. Hence, handling costs associated with the physical removal requirements of resonant-circuit and antenna-diode markers are avoided.
One of the problems with harmonic-generating ferromagnetic markers is the difficulty of detecting the marker signal at remote distances. The amplitude of the harmonics developed in the receiving antenna is much smaller than the amplitude of the interrogation signal, with the result that the range of detection of such markers is generally limited to aisle widths less than about three feet. Another problem with harmonic-generating ferromagnetic markers is the difficulty of distinguishing the marker signal from pseudo signals generated by nearby ferrous objects, including both items ordinarily found in the retail environment such as building structures, shopping carts, and display racks, and items routinely carried by shoppers, such as belt buckles, pens, hair clips, and the like. The merchant's fear of embarrassment and adverse legal consequences associated with false alarms triggered by such pseudo signals will be readily appreciated. Yet another problem with such ferromagnetic markers is their tendency to be deactivated or reactivated by conditions other than those imposed by components of the system. Thus, ferromagnetic markers can be deactivated purposely upon juxtaposition of a permanent magnet or reactivated inadvertently by magnetization loss in the second ferromagnetic element thereof. For these reasons, article surveillance systems have resulted in higher operating costs and lower detection sensitivity and operating reliability than are considered to be desirable.
Another type of marker is disclosed by U.S. Pat. No. 4,510,489 to Anderson et al. The marker comprises an elongated, ductile strip of magnetostrictive ferromagnetic material adapted to be magnetically biased and thereby armed to resonate mechanically at a frequency within the frequency band of the incident magnetic field. A hard ferromagnetic element, disposed adjacent to the strip of magnetostrictive material, is adapted, upon being magnetized, to arm the strip to resonate at that frequency. The strip of magnetostrictive material has a magnetomechanical coupling factor, k, greater than 0, given by the formula k=[1−(fr/fa)2]1/2, wherein fr and fa are the resonant and anti-resonant frequencies of the magnetostrictive element, respectively. In the presence of a biasing dc magnetic field the effective magnetic permeability of the marker for excitation by an applied ac electromagnetic field is strongly dependent on frequency. That is to say, the effective permeability of the marker is substantially different for excitation by an ac field having a frequency approximately equal to either the resonant or anti-resonant frequency than for excitation at other frequencies. A detecting means detects the change in coupling between the interrogating and receiving coils at the resonant and/or anti-resonant frequency, and distinguishes it from changes in coupling at other than those frequencies.
However, known resonant markers comprising magnetostrictive material and systems employing such markers, including those of the type disclosed by U.S. Pat. No. 4,510,489, have a number of characteristics that render them undesirable for certain applications. The markers are elongated and relatively large in size, especially in their longest direction. As a result, they are too large to be accommodated on some items of merchandise, including many for which protection is highly desirable because of their high value. A large marker is also relatively conspicuous when affixed externally to a merchandise item. In addition, the cost of the marker disclosed by U.S. Pat. No. 4,510,489 is necessarily governed by the size of the marker and the amount of the magnetic material that accordingly must be used.
There remains a need in the art for antipilferage systems employing markers that are small, light, and inexpensive to construct and reliably detected.
The present invention provides a miniature marker capable of producing identifying signal characteristics in the presence of a magnetic field applied thereto by components of an article surveillance system. The marker has high signal amplitude and a controllable signal signature and is not readily deactivated or reactivated by conditions other than those imposed by components of the system.
In addition, the invention provides an article surveillance system responsive to the presence within an interrogation zone of an article to which the marker is secured. The system provides for high selectivity and is characterized by a high signal-to-noise ratio. Briefly stated, the system has means for defining an interrogation zone. Means are provided for generating a magnetic field of varying frequency within the interrogation zone. A marker is secured to an article appointed for passage through the interrogation zone. The marker comprises a magnetomechanical element having at least one elongated, ductile strip of magnetostrictive ferromagnetic material adapted to be magnetically biased and thereby armed to resonate mechanically at a frequency within the frequency band of the incident magnetic field. A hard ferromagnetic element, disposed adjacent to the magnetomechanical element, is adapted, upon being magnetized, to arm the strip to resonate at that frequency.
Upon exposure to the dc magnetic field, the marker is characterized by a substantial change in its effective magnetic permeability as the applied ac field sweeps through at least one of the resonant and anti-resonant frequencies that provide the marker with signal identity. A detecting means detects the change in coupling between the interrogating and receiving coils at the resonant and/or anti-resonant frequency, and distinguishes it from changes in coupling at other than those frequencies.
In one aspect of the invention there is provided a marker adapted for use in an electronic article surveillance (EAS) system that exhibits mechanical resonance at a resonant frequency in response to the incidence thereon of an alternating electromagnetic interrogating field, whereby the marker is provided with a signal-identifying characteristic. Preferably, the resonant frequency ranges from about 70 to 300 kHz. The system further comprises an interrogating means for generating an electromagnetic interrogating field having a preselected interrogating frequency, preferably modulated as a series of pulses; a detecting means for detecting the signal-identifying characteristic; and an indication means activated by the detecting means in response to the detection of the signal-identifying characteristic, which is preferably a ring-down of the electromagnetic dipole field emanating from the resonant marker. The marker preferably comprises: (i) a magnetomechanical element, preferably having one or more elongated strips of amorphous metal alloy; (ii) a bias means, preferably a bias magnet disposed within the marker, that applies a biasing magnetic field to the magnetomechanical element, whereby the marker is armed for resonance; and (iii) a housing enclosing the magnetomechanical element and the bias means, wherein the magnetomechanical element is free to mechanically vibrate at its mechanical resonant frequency. The housing preferably comprises one or more means for attaching the marker to an item appointed for detection. It is further preferred that the marker comprise a plurality of elongated strips, increasing the signal generated during resonance and/or providing the marker with sensitivity to excitation by interrogating fields directed in a plurality of orientations relative to the marker.
Various advantages attend one or more embodiments of the present invention. By virtue of the increase in resonant operating frequency from that of conventional magnetomechanically resonant tags, the present invention affords smaller, more compact markers that are attachable to a larger range of items. The increased frequency also reduces or eliminates the possibility of false alarms and missed item detection. Detection sensitivity is enhanced and detection accuracy is increased. Certain electronic noise sources generate electromagnetic interference that must be distinguished by the detection electronics from legitimate signals produced by actual activated markers. The increase in operating frequency in the present system enhances the detection reliability.
Markers in accordance with certain aspects of the invention are sensitive to interrogating fields having a wider spread of orientation than conventional markers, making it highly unlikely that a marker of the invention passing through an interrogation zone would escape detection. In light of the aforesaid advantages, systems incorporating the markers of the invention are small, lightweight, inexpensive to construct and maintain, easy to use, and operate in an accurate, reliable manner.
The invention will be more fully understood and further advantages will become apparent when reference is had to the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the invention and the accompanying drawings, in which:
The present magnetomechanical marker and article surveillance system can be fabricated in various configurations. As a consequence, the invention will be found to function with many varieties of surveillance systems. For illustrative purposes the invention is described in connection with an antipilferage system wherein articles of merchandise bearing the markers are surveyed by the system to prevent theft of the merchandise from a retail store. It will be readily appreciated that the electronic article surveillance system and marker of the invention can be employed for similar and yet diversified uses, such as the identification of articles or personnel, wherein the marker and the system exchange magnetomechanical energy so that the marker functions as (1) a personnel badge for control of access to limited areas, (2) a vehicle toll or access plate for actuation of automatic sentries associated with bridge crossings, parking facilities, industrial sites or recreational sites, (3) an identifier for checkpoint control of classified documents, warehouse packages, library books and the like, and (4) product verification. Accordingly, the invention is intended to encompass modifications of the preferred embodiment wherein the magnetomechanical resonance of a marker provides a signal-identifying characteristic that allows recognition of any object appointed, by attachment of the marker, for detection by an electronic article (EAS) system. It is further intended that invention encompass the identification by an electronic article surveillance system of a person or animal bearing the marker provided in accordance with the invention.
Referring to
The response of marker 16 to an ac electromagnetic field is manifest in various changes in its mechanical and magnetic properties, notably including changes in its effective magnetic permeability. An excitation frequency at or near the resonant and/or anti-resonant frequency results in a permeability markedly different from that seen for excitation at other frequencies. At resonance, the marker is urged to vibration by the external field, with a coupling that may be characterized by the marker's magnetomechanical coupling factor, "k," which is greater than 0 and given by the formula k=[1−(fr/fa)2]1/2, wherein fr and fa are the resonant and anti-resonant frequencies of the magnetostrictive element, respectively.
In system 10, interrogating means 14 comprises a source of ac current that is produced and fed to excitation coil 24 to create an ac electromagnetic field in interrogation zone 12. The coupling of this field into receiving coil 22 of detection means 20 is detectably altered by the presence of a marker 16 of the invention.
In the embodiment depicted by
Disposed on a checkout counter 34 near cash register 36 is a deactivator system 38. The latter can be electrically connected to cash register 36 by wire 40. Articles 19 that have been properly paid for are placed within an aperture 42 of deactivation system 38, whereupon a deactivating magnetic field is applied to marker 16. The desensitizing circuit applies to marker 16 a magnetic field that places the marker 16 in a deactivated mode, by either increasing or decreasing the magnetic bias field strength of the hard ferromagnetic material, by an amount sufficient to move the fr and fa outside of the frequency range of the applied field or to decrease the coupling factor k sufficiently to make it undetectable. The article 19 carrying the deactivated marker 16 may then be carried through interrogation zone 12 without triggering the alarm 28 in cabinet 30. Optionally, deactivation system 38 has detection circuitry adapted to determine if marker 16 has been properly deactivated. If not, the circuitry re-triggers the deactivation process.
The theft detection system circuitry with which the marker 16 is associated can be any system capable of (1) generating within an interrogation zone an alternating electromagnetic interrogating field of an appropriate frequency, (2) detecting changes in coupling at frequencies produced in the vicinity of the interrogation zone by the presence of the marker and (3) distinguishing the particular resonant and/or anti-resonant changes in coupling that provide the marker with a signal identifying characteristic from other variations in signals detected. Such systems typically include means for transmitting a varying electrical current from an oscillator and amplifier through conductive coils that form a frame antenna capable of developing a varying magnetic field. An example of such antenna arrangement is disclosed in French Pat. No. 763,681, published May 4, 1934, which description is incorporated herein by reference thereto. In some implementations the transmitting antenna arrangement comprises a plurality of coils that may be selectively interconnected and energized to provide a plurality of patterns of generated electromagnetic field that impinge on a marker during its passage through the interrogation zone. Some embodiments include plural receiving coils that also may be selectively interconnected. Each such connection is characterized by a different pattern of directional sensitivity to the electromagnetic fields emanated by excited markers. Sequential excitation of the target by differently oriented interrogating fields markedly increases the probability that a given marker will be favorably oriented within at least one of such field patterns, thus markedly decreasing the probability that a marker will pass through the interrogation zone without being activated by the interrogating field and consequently detected. In a system having but a single fixed antenna element, there is a slight probability that a marker in an orientation that is fortuitously unfavorable might escape detection. As a result, an EAS system employing plural antenna coils in at least one of the transmitting and receiving circuits is preferred.
In another embodiment the theft detection circuitry comprises an interrogating means capable of generating within an interrogation zone an alternating electromagnetic interrogating field provided as a preselected interrogating frequency, modulated as a series of pulses. Optionally, the interrogating frequency is chirped, that is to say, swept through a preselected range encompassing the resonant frequency of the marker, to ensure that the resonance is excited. The magnetomechanical element of the marker is urged to resonance during each pulse. After each pulse is completed, the energy stored in the magnetomechanically resonating element decays and as a result, the marker dipole field emanating from the marker decays or rings down correspondingly. The amplitude of the alternating field generally remains within an envelope that decays exponentially, affording the marker a signal-identifying characteristic that is detectable by a detecting means. The detection of this ring-down in synchrony with the activation of the marker by the interrogating field provides a preferred way of reliably discriminating the marker's response from other ambient electronic noise or the response of other nearby ferrous objects which are not resonantly excited. An indication means is operably associated with the detecting means and is activated in response to the detection of the signal-identifying characteristic by the detecting means. Preferably the indication means is a visible or audible alarm that signals and thereby alerts relevant persons to the presence of a tagged item, allowing timely response. Optionally, the indicating means further provides a printed record or a message transmitted to a computer system, video recorder, or other recording system to memorialize the detection of a marker of interest.
Referring now to
The housing of the marker of the invention is preferably constructed of a rigid or semi-rigid plastic material. In other aspects of the invention parts or all of the housing may be integrally formed in packaging, e.g. that used for an article of commerce. Cavity 60 accommodates the magnetomechanical element in a manner that permits it to vibrate freely. A variety of manufacturing methods are suitable for producing the housing, including casting, molding by vacuum or injection techniques, and folding of sheet-form materials. The marker may further comprise additional cavities wherein the one or more bias magnets are disposed. The housing may be provided with apertures or other structures facilitating attachment of the marker to an appointed item. For example, a rivet, screw, lanyard, or adhesive may be used for the attachment. Alternatively, the marker may be disposed within an item of merchandise or similar article of commerce. In one embodiment, the packaging of the merchandise is provided with internal or eternal structures to accommodate the marker. The location of such structures may intentionally be made inconspicuous or not.
In an embodiment of the invention, the marker has a magnetomechanical element comprising at least one elongated strip of a magnetostrictive amorphous metal alloy. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "strip" includes forms such as wire, ribbon, and sheet. By elongated strip is meant an object with a geometrical form having a characteristic elongated length direction or orientation and a characteristic thin direction perpendicular to the length direction, with the dimension of the object along the elongated direction substantially greater than the dimension along the thin direction. Preferably the ratio of the dimensions is at least 100:1. For example, the thin direction in a cylindrical wire is along a diameter of the wire, while the long direction is along the cylindrical axis. A generally planar sheet or ribbon has a small thickness direction normal to the plane and a length direction in-plane. Preferably a rectangular sheet used in the marker of the invention has a long direction in-plane that is at least five times the in-plane width direction perpendicular thereto. Those skilled in the art will recognize that an elongated strip as defined herein possesses a low demagnetizing factor for magnetization along the elongated direction.
A variety of magnetostrictive amorphous metal alloy ribbons are useful in the construction of the marker of the present invention. Many amorphous metals combine high mechanical hardness and relatively low magnetic anisotropy and loss, leading to low internal friction, a high magnetomechanical coupling factor and magnetomechanical resonance with high Q. One amorphous metal suitable for the present marker consists essentially of an alloy having 40% Fe, 38% Ni, 4% Mo, and 18% B (atomic percentages) plus incidental impurities. Other amorphous metal alloys exhibiting desirable magnetomechanical behavior are also useful in the present marker. Optionally the magnetomechanical properties and response of the amorphous metal strip of the marker are enhanced by a heat treatment process. Such a process preferably is carried out in the presence of a magnetic field that promotes induction of magnetic anisotropy in the ribbon that is directed in a direction away from its elongated strip direction. Such an anisotropy may be directed either out of the ribbon plane or in a direction in plane but substantially transverse to the elongated direction.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, marker 16 is composed of a magnetostrictive amorphous metal alloy. The marker is in the form of an elongated, ductile strip having a first component composed of a composition consisting essentially of the formula MaNbTcXdYeZf, wherein M is at least one of iron and cobalt, N is nickel, T is at least one of chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, and niobirum, X is at least one of boron and phosphorous, Y is silicon, Z is carbon, "a"–"f" are in atom percent, the sum of a+b+c+d+e+f is 100, "a" ranges from about 35–85, "b" ranges from about 0–45, "c" ranges from about 0–7, "d" ranges from about 5–22, "e" ranges from about 0–15 and "f" ranges from about 0–2, and the sum of d+e+f ranges from about 15–25. Up to about 1 atom percent of impurities may also be present.
The marker is further provided with a bias means that provides a magnetic field to bias the magnetomechanical element and thereby arm it to resonate. The bias means may comprise one or more magnetized elements composed of permanent (hard) magnetic material or semi-hard magnetic material. Preferably magnetic material of either type has a magnetic coercivity sufficient to prevent the material from becoming demagnetized due to inadvertent exposure to other magnetic fields. A wide variety of magnetic materials are suitable. High anisotropy, high coercivity materials, such as ferrites and rare-earth magnets, may be provided as magnets having a short aspect ratio, i.e., a low ratio of the dimensions along the magnetization direction and in a perpendicular direction. Other materials, such as Arnochrome, vicalloy, and hard steels, are advantageously employed as thin strips, preferably aligned generally parallel to elongated magnetomechanical amorphous strips. In some implementations the bias means may comprise magnetized magnetic powder, such as barium ferrite, which may be dispersed within a polymeric matrix comprising part or all of the marker housing. Other forms by which the bias means may be incorporated in or on the housing will be apparent to persons skilled in the art. In still other implementations the bias field is provided externally by a dc magnetic field from a permanent magnet or an electromagnet.
It has been found that a strip 18 of material having the formula specified above is particularly adapted to resonate mechanically at a preselected frequency of an incident magnetic field. While we do not wish to be bound by any theory, it is believed that, in markers of the aforesaid composition, direct magnetic coupling between an ac magnetic field and the marker 16 occurs by means of the following mechanism.
When a ferromagnetic material such as an amorphous metal ribbon is in a magnetic field (H), the ribbon's magnetic domains are caused to grow and/or rotate. This domain movement allows magnetic energy to be stored, in addition to a small amount of energy which is lost as heat. When the field is removed, the domains return to their original orientation releasing the stored magnetic energy, again minus a small amount of energy lost as heat. Amorphous metals have high efficiency in this mode of energy storage. Since amorphous metals have no grain boundaries and have high resistivities, their energy losses are extraordinarily low.
When the ferromagnetic ribbon is magnetostrictive, an additional mode of energy storage is also possible. In the presence of a magnetic field, a magnetostrictive amorphous metal ribbon will have energy stored magnetically as described above but will also have energy stored mechanically via magnetostriction. This mechanical energy per unit volume stored can be quantified as Ue=(1/2) TS where T and S are the stress and strain on the ribbon. This additional mode of energy storage may be viewed as an increase in the effective magnetic permeability of the ribbon.
When an ac magnetic field and a dc field are introduced on the magnetostrictive ribbon (such as can be generated by and ac and dc electric currents in a solenoid), energy is alternately stored and released with the frequency of the ac field. The magnetostrictive energy storage and release are maximal at the material's mechanical resonance frequency and minimal at its anti-resonance. This energy storage and release induces a voltage in a pickup coil via flux density changes in the ribbon. The flux density change may also be viewed as an increase in effective magnetic permeability at the resonant frequency and a decrease at anti-resonance, thus, in effect, increasing or decreasing, respectively, the magnetic coupling between the driving solenoid and a second pickup solenoid. The voltage induced by the purely magnetic energy exchange is linear with frequency and the change in voltage with frequency is small over a limited frequency range. The voltage induced by the mechanical energy exchange is also linear with frequency except near mechanical resonance.
The transfer of magnetic and mechanical energy described above is called magnetomechanical coupling (MMC), and can be seen in all magnetostrictive materials. The efficiency of this energy transfer is proportional to the square of the magnetomechanical coupling factor (k), and is defined as the ratio of mechanical to magnetic energy. The larger the k factor, the greater the voltage difference between resonant peak and anti-resonant valley. Also, the larger the k, the larger the difference in frequency between resonance and anti-resonance. Therefore, a large k facilitates the observation of the MMC phenomena.
Coupling factors are influenced in a given amorphous metal by the level of bias field present, the level of internal stress (or structural anisotropy) present and by the level and direction of any magnetic anisotropy. Annealing an amorphous metal relieves internal stresses, thus enhancing k. The structural anisotropy is small due to the ribbon's amorphous nature, also enhancing k. Annealing in a properly oriented magnetic field can also induce magnetic anisotropy in the ribbon along the field direction, further enhancing coupling factors. Domain movement can be maximized when the ribbon has a magnetic anisotropy which is substantially perpendicular to the interrogating field. Because of demagnetizing field effects, it is generally practical to interrogate the ribbon only along its length (this being the longest dimension). Therefore, it is preferred that the induced magnetic anisotropy be in a direction substantially perpendicular to the long dimension of the ribbon. More preferably, the anisotropy is in the ribbon plane and transverse to its length.
One suitable marker for the practice of the invention has a magnetomechanical element comprising a plurality of elongated strips, preferably composed of amorphous metal, disposed in a non-parallel orientation, i.e., a configuration in which the respective elongated directions of the strips are not parallel. In this aspect it is preferred that the strips are disposed in a stack with their centers generally coincident.
The marker 43 depicted by
A number of advantages are conveyed by the use of markers having plural strips. The strength of the dipole field radiated by the marker in resonance increases in rough proportion to the volume of resonating material. The signal available for detection is in general increased by use of markers having more magnetomechanical material, thereby enhancing the reliability of the detection system in identifying the presence of a tagged item. In addition, the increased signal significantly improves detection accuracy, increasing the efficacy of the EAS system as a deterrent to would-be thieves or shoplifters. Further, a marker of the present invention with strips having more than one orientation is readily excited by interrogating fields that range widely in vector direction. Since at least one of the directions in which the marker is most sensitive is inevitably oriented sufficiently close to the direction of the interrogating field that the marker encounters, it is even less likely that the marker would pass through an interrogation zone without being detected. On the other hand, markers comprising a single elongated strip are most sensitive to excitation by an interrogating field having a strong vector component along a single preferred marker orientation, in most cases the elongated direction of the strip. Even though the interrogating field may vary in both magnitude and direction as a function of position within the interrogation zone, a marker fortuitously oriented in an unfavorable direction has a small chance of never being excited while traversing the interrogation zone. While this possibility is remote, a marker sensitive to interrogation fields in more than one orientation by virtue of having differently oriented elements is nonetheless preferred for use in the present system to provide enhanced reliability and detectability.
In another aspect of the invention depicted by
It is further preferred that the magnetomechanical element of the present marker resonate at a high frequency. Conventional magnetomechanical article surveillance systems employ markers resonant at frequencies of 50 to 60 kHz. Such a marker normally employs a strip of amorphous metal about 4 cm long. Significant advantages attend systems using markers resonant at higher frequencies and comprising one or more elongated strips of amorphous metal. Many commonly encountered sources of electronic noise have a 1/f frequency spectrum, so less noise is present at higher frequencies. More importantly, the resonant frequency of an elongated strip is approximately inversely proportional to the strip's length. Increasing the chosen resonant frequency thus allows use of shorter strips in constructing the marker for the system of the invention. As a result, the entire marker may be made advantageously smaller. Beneficially the marker of the invention uses a smaller amount of the relatively expensive amorphous metal strip and bias magnetic material. More importantly, items of merchandise too small to accommodate existing markers may be tagged using the present marker. In addition, markers of decreased size are far more easily made inconspicuous or concealed in packaging. Advantageously, markers of the invention that are resonant at 120 kHz or more are about half the length of conventional markers or less, yet provide adequate signal for detection. A single detection system sensitive to the present marker is thus readily adapted for identifying a much wider variety of items than existing systems.
A preferred marker of the invention is resonant at a frequency ranging from about 70 to 300 kHz. The markers disclosed by prior art workers typically use a housing slightly longer than the length of the magnetomechanically resonant element which is often about 4 cm long. This length is constrained principally by the length of an amorphous strip that exhibits a magnetomechanical resonance at an operating frequency preselected in the range of 50 to 60 kHz. The amorphous metal ribbon used conventionally is typically between 4 and 12 mm wide. The higher resonant frequency of the present marker allows it to be correspondingly shorter, thereby allowing tagging of items heretofore not amenable to such protection. Advantageously, an increase to 120 kHz allows a marker to be shortened to about 2 cm, or less than 1 inch. However, the shortened marker also needs to use correspondingly narrower ribbon to maintain a similar demagnetizing factor and definition of its characteristic modes of resonant vibration. Preferably, the marker of the invention comprises a rectangular ribbon having an aspect ratio, i.e. a ratio of length to width, of at least about 4:1. More preferably the aspect ratio is at least 8:1. It is preferred that at least the same dimensional ratios be maintained for elongated strips of other forms, e.g. wire. Without being bound to any particular theory, it is believed that maintaining the same aspect ratio of length to width for rectangular ribbon of constant thickness results in an amorphous strip having a volume that decreases approximately with the square of the operating frequency, with a concomitant loss of signal strength as discussed hereinabove in greater detail. This decrease, along with the need for tighter dimensional control in marker manufacture and the generally faster ring-down in structures resonating at higher frequencies, makes it preferable for the resonant frequency not to exceed about 300 kHz and for the marker to comprise plural strips to increase the radiated resonant signal. An excessively high resonant frequency also impinges on other sources of electromagnetic noise, such as the 455 kHz intermediate frequency of conventional superheterodyne AM broadcast receivers. A 300 kHz marker will have a length about one fifth that of a conventional marker, allowing a very wide range of implements to be tagged. More preferably, the resonant frequency ranges from about 110 to 250 kHz, permitting the marker to be significantly shorter than conventional markers, yet have sufficient magnetic material for detectability and consistent manufacture. Still more preferably, the marker has a resonant frequency ranging from about 120 to 200 kHz.
In many cases, the plastic housing used for the marker of the present invention provides some structure that allows the marker to be attached to an item appointed for protection. The term "marker" as used herein thus refers generically to the combination of the magnetomechanically active element, any required bias means, and a housing that may provide structures needed for mounting or affixing the marker to an article. In addition, it will be understood that a marker may further include one or more active elements responsive to article surveillance systems of different types.
Having thus described the invention in rather full detail, it will be understood that such detail need not be strictly adhered to but that various changes and modifications may suggest themselves to one skilled in the art, all falling within the scope of the invention as defined by the subjoined claims.
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|Dec 30, 2014
|Bally Gaming, Inc.
|Game related systems, methods, and articles that combine virtual and physical elements
|Sep 22, 2010
|Apr 21, 2015
|3M Innovative Properties Company
|Magnetomechanical markers for marking stationary assets
|Nov 26, 2003
|Jul 8, 2004
|Fabian Carl E.
|Miniature magnetomechanical tag for detecting surgical sponges and implements
|Jul 15, 2005
|Jan 26, 2006
|Johan Skjellerup
|Security tag assembly
|Dec 4, 2006
|Apr 12, 2007
|Ryusuke Hasegawa
|Marker for mechanically resonant article surveillance system
|May 23, 2007
|Nov 29, 2007
|Johan Skjellerup
|Security system for preventing unauthorized removal of merchandise
|Aug 13, 2007
|Mar 27, 2008
|Bally Gaming, Inc.
|Resonant gaming chip identification system and method
|Jul 7, 2008
|Nov 27, 2008
|Johan Skjellerup
|Security system for preventing unauthorized removal of merchandise
|Dec 12, 2008
|May 21, 2009
|Johan Skjellerup
|Security system for preventing unauthorized removal of merchandise
|Jan 28, 2010
|May 27, 2010
|Checkpoint Systems, Inc.
|Alarm systems, wireless alarm devices, and article security methods
|Nov 5, 2010
|Mar 3, 2011
|Johan Skjellerup
|Security tag assembly
|Mar 31, 2006
|Oct 12, 2006
|Metglas, Inc.
|Marker for coded electronic article identification system
|U.S. Classification
|340/572.6, 340/552, 340/551, 340/572.1, 340/572.2, 340/572.5
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jan 8, 2010
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Feb 21, 2014
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|May 30, 2014
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|May 30, 2014
|Surcharge for late payment
Year of fee payment: 7


text:
This message was for Israel in Ezekiel's day.
Ezekiel 15
The word of the LORD came to me:
"Son of man, how is the wood of a vine better than that of a branch on any of the trees in the forest? Is wood ever taken from it to make anything useful? Do they make pegs from it to hang things on?
And after it is thrown on the fire as fuel and the fire burns both ends and chars the middle, is it then useful for anything?
If it was not useful for anything when it was whole, how much less can it be made into something useful when the fire has burned it and it is charred?
"Therefore this is what the Sovereign LORD says: As I have given the wood of the vine among the trees of the forest as fuel for the fire, so will I treat the people living in Jerusalem.
I will set my face against them. Although they have come out of the fire, the fire will yet consume them. And when I set my face against them, you will know that I am the LORD.
I will make the land desolate because they have been unfaithful, declares the Sovereign LORD."
Christians have also been grafted into the same vine, and would be wise to heed the warning. Our's is the responsibility to bear the good fruit of the Spirit: righteousness, peace, goodness, gentleness and kindness. We must avoid setting idols in our hearts or before our eyes that are more important to us than the Lord.
How will we rescue America? If America can be rescued, the best place for me to start is by making sure this American pleases God.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
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Video: Rioters loot Oakland Foot Locker after Mehserle verdict
By PoliceOne Staff
OAKLAND, Calif — Protesters gathered in Oakland, Calif. to demonstrate in respose to the Involuntary Manslaughter verdict of ex-BART cop Johannes Mehserle, who was on trial for the fatal New Years Day shooting of Oscar Grant in 2009. The demonstrations turned violent as the evening wore on despite a large number of riot police in the area.
The videos below show looters breaking into an Oakland Foot Locker. They were taken on the streets some hours after the verdict was read.
Join the discussion
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RISE Award nominee: How a small police department found a big voice
Video: Footage of fatal Houston OIS refutes claims suspect was unarmed


text:
Rent Introduction to Human Factors and Ergonomics for Engineers 1st edition today, or search our site for other textbooks by Mark R. Lehto. Every textbook comes with a 21-day "Any Reason" guarantee. Published by CRC Press.
Need help ASAP? We have you covered with 24/7 instant online tutoring. Connect with one of our tutors now.


text:
Release Date:
September 7, 2004
Saturday Night Live: The Best of Chris Kattan features the most representative moments from the career of the very physical comedian. Included are sketches involving many of his most loved characters like Mango the ******, Mr. Peepers the missing link, and the club-hopping brothers he portrayed alongside long-time co-star Will Ferrell. Perry Seibert, Rovi
- Genre: Comedy
- Category Variety Show TV, Sketch Comedy
- Run Time: 01 hr 17 min
- Language: English
- Release Date: September 7, 2004
other Info.
- Online Item #: 11333782
- Store Item Number (DPCI): 246-00-7255
- Made in the USA or Imported


text:
This promotional pen features hot neon colors with rubber grip echoing chrome band design.
A wine bottle custom stopper with an open circle shape design.
A great way to organize your keys and also double your promotional potential with this Double Ring Billboard Promo Keychain.
This Post-It Notes Promo Cube will last a long time, and so will your message.
A stainless steel custom tumbler with a unique vertically textured grip design.
Easy-to-carry drawstring promotional cooler bag will keep your beverages cold and food hot!
A beautiful gift box filled with delicious gourmet custom candy that is ideal for sharing any time of the year.
Here is the perfect imprtined duffle to put your logo on and give to your frequent flyers.
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Large stainless steel promotional sports bottle with screw on lid.
This promotional picture frame and logo magnet makes a great gift.
16 oz. double wall insulated custom tumbler with stainless steel exterior and BPA-Free plastic interior has a contemporary design with slant lid.
A great promotional gift set with custom thermos that is both delicious and will promote your logo with every chocolate craving.
Make unpacking while traveling a breeze with these pack and hang custom duffle bags by California Innovations imprinted with your logo.
Make a bold statement with this edgy custom umbrella that features a colorful edge that pops against the black canopy.
This promo BBQ set comes packed with everything you'll need for a day at the grill.


text:
Confederate sub made history 150 years ago Monday
CHARLESTON, S.C. (AP) – On a clear, moonlight night 150 years ago, the hand-cranked Confederate submarine H.L. Hunley glided out over glassy seas off South Carolina, sailing into history as the first submarine ever to sink an enemy warship.
A century and a half later _ and nearly a decade and a half after the sub was raised _ just why the Hunley and its eight-man crew never returned is a mystery, albeit one that scientists may be closer to resolving.
Monday marks the 150th anniversary of the Feb. 17, 1864, mission in which the Hunley sank the Union ship Housatonic as the Confederates desperately tried to break the Civil War blockade that was strangling Charleston. While the Housatonic sank, so did the Hunley.
On Monday evening, re-enactors planned a gathering at Breach Inlet between Sullivans Island and the Isle of Palms northeast of Charleston for a memorial service honoring both the Hunley crew and the five Union sailors who died. The loss of life came when the submarine set off a black powder charge at the end of a 200-pound spar, sinking the blockader.
The remains of the Hunley _ which was built in Mobile, Ala., and brought to Charleston in hopes of breaking the blockade _ were discovered off the coast in 1995.
Five years later, in August of 2000, cannons boomed, church bells rang and thousands watched from the harborside as the sub was raised and brought by barge to a conservation lab in North Charleston. There, scientists have since been slowly revealing the Hunley's secrets.
Among the first artifacts recovered from the silt and sand clogging the inside of the submarine were buttons from the crewmen's uniforms. Later came one of the most sought-after artifacts of the Hunley legend _ a gold coin that had deflected a bullet and thus saved the life of Hunley commander Lt. George Dixon at the Battle of Shiloh.
The $20 United States gold piece was given to Dixon by his sweetheart, Queenie Bennett. The words "Shiloh April 6, 1862 My life Preserver" are inscribed on the coin.
One of the initial surprises was that there were eight crewmen, not the nine thought to have been aboard before the Hunley was raised. The remains were found indicating the crewmen were at their positions at the crank. There was no evidence of an attempt to escape through the hatches, raising speculation as to what prevented the Hunley from returning from its mission.
Scientists announced a year ago they may be closing in on exactly what happened.
An examination of the spar found it was deformed as if in an explosion. Scientists now believe the Hunley was less than 20 feet from the Housatonic when it sank. That means it may have been close enough for the sub's crew to have been knocked unconscious by the explosion _ long enough that they may have died before awakening.
For years, historians thought the Hunley was farther away and had speculated the crew ran out of air before they were able to return to shore.
Those who went down on the Hunley comprised the third crew of the submarine. Two previous crews died in accidents before the sub could even attempt its mission.
In April of 2004, thousands of men in Confederate gray and Union blue as well as women in black hoop skirts and veils walked in a procession with the crew's coffins from Charleston's waterfront Battery to Magnolia Cemetery. There they were buried near the other crews in what has been called the last Confederate funeral ceremony.
On the Internet:
Friends of the Hunley:
(Copyright 2014 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)
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text:
Vasant Kunj RWA blocks work on airport link
- Wage battle hots up, Hero faces strike
- Heros Rajasthan workers may join strike at Gurgaon plant from tomorrow
- Hero Moto union leaders to go on hunger strike
- Wage battle hots up, Hero faces strike
- Heros Rajasthan workers may join strike at Gurgaon plant from tomorrow
- Hero Moto union leaders to go on hunger strike
Top Stories
- GST Bill in Rajya Sabha this week, Jaitley to discuss amendments with state finance ministers
- Narsingh Yadav fails dope test, Rio 2016 Olympics participation under threat
- AAP MLA Amanatullah Khan arrested for threatening a woman
- Kin of missing AN-32 passengers, crew: Across the country, they wait for word, hoping and praying
- Kashmir unrest: Of 317 with pellet injuries in action by CRPF, over 50% have been hit in eye
A city court on Tuesday stayed ongoing work on widening of a road in Vasant Kunj on a petition by residents that the construction violates their right over the land and could compromise their safety. The road widening is key to the development of an all new, congestion-free link to the airport and Gurgaon from south Delhi.
Public Works Department (PWD) officials plan to broaden the Mehrauli-Mahipalpur road, currently between 16 metres and 30 metres wide, to 75 metres and increase the number of carriageways from four to eight to reduce congestion.
Last November, the Delhi government gave financial clearance to widen the stretch from Andheria More to Masoodpur. The PWD estimated that work on widening the 3.5-km stretch from Andheria More to Masoodpur was likely to be completed by June 2013. Strengthening the existing road, improving footpaths and drains, providing retro-reflective road signages and upgradation of street lighting were also planned.
The widening plan proposed to take over land adjoining the main road. On February 20, the PWD began demolishing the boundary wall of the D2 colony and cutting trees.
However, the Residents Welfare Association of Sector D, Pocket 2, Vasant Kunj, representing 64 flat owners, sought a court stay on construction, saying they have a vested interested in the land.
Additional District Judge Vinod Yadav on Tuesday issued an interim stay on the work until March 13 and summoned the DDA, UTTIPEC, PWD and the construction contractor for replies on the petition.
The residents have argued that they paid for the land, which is being used for widening now, when it was being acquired years ago for developing the colony and they have a stake in it.
Their petition also claims widening work would destroy at least 1,000 trees, lead to safety problems and noise pollution once the work gets completed.
... contd.
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text:
The Very Quiet Cricket: Board Book (Board book)Eric Carle
Board book Published: 25/09/1997
- In stock
Click & Collect From your local shop
This book tells the story of a little cricket and his song - with a surprise sound! A little cricket has lost his song - he rubs his wings together and nothing happens. He sets off to find his voice and meets all kinds of creatures who make all kinds of noises, but still he can make no sound at all. One day he meets a special friend, another cricket and this time, when he rubs his wings together, he makes "the most beautiful sound you have ever heard." The sound, produced by a hidden chip, reinforces the joyful conclusion. Other Eric Carle titles; The Very Hungry Caterpillar; The Very Lonely Firefly; Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What do you see? The Bad-Tempered Ladybird; The Mixed-Up Chameleon; The Very Busy Spider; Mister Seahorse; 1, 2, 3 To the Zoo; Rooster's off to see the World, From Head to Toe; The Artist who painted a Blue Horse; The Tiny Seed; Draw me a Star; Today is Monday; Do you want to be my friend?; Panda Bear, Panda Bear, What do you See? Polar Bear, Polar Bear, What do you hear? And Baby Bear, Baby Bear, What do you see?
Publisher: Penguin Books Ltd
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|Diane Holt <hol...@yahoo.com>
|RE: gnoob question: if
|Mon, 18 Mar 2002 19:00:26 GMT
--- Michael Laccetti <firstname.lastname@example.com> wrote: > It's a bit more in depth than that. I actually was looking for > something embedded within a target block. I pass in a parameter, and > based on it's value, I want to copy certain files only. Anything fit > the bill? The <include> and <exclude> tags also allow for if/unless. Diane ===== (firstname.lastname@example.com) __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Yahoo! Sports - live college hoops coverage http://sports.yahoo.com/ -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: <mailto:email@example.com> For additional commands, e-mail: <mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com>
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text:
Respite Services and Resources
The Virginia Lifespan Respite Voucher Program was created to provide reimbursement vouchers to home-based family caregivers for the cost of temporary, short-term respite care provided to their family members with disabilities (children and adults, including elderly persons).
This project is supported by a grant, HHS-2014-ACL-AOA-LI-0078, from the Administration for Community Living, Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC 20201. Grantees undertaking projects under government sponsorship are encouraged to express freely their findings and conclusions. Points of view or opinions do not, therefore, necessarily represent official Administration for Community Living Policy.
Overview of the Program and Application Form:
Primary family caregivers MUST apply to the program first before requesting reimbursement under this program. The Overview and Application Form highlight how to apply. This program will be to use respite services for future days from the date your application is approved through July 31, 2016. This program cannot reimburse you for respite services you may have already used. This program has four (4) weeks to review your application.
To apply for the Virginia Lifespan Respite Voucher Program:
- You must be a Virginia caregiver of a child or children, or an adult or adults, who reside full-time in your household.
- You may receive up to $400 in vouchers per family per year. The primary caregiver for the person receiving care must apply for the funds.
- You may not use voucher funds to reimburse household expenses or daycare; for example, so that the caregiver can go to work.
- You may be eligible, but funds are limited. Not everyone who applies will be approved.
To apply for the Virginia Lifespan Respite Voucher Program:
Complete the two-part Virginia Lifespan Respite Voucher Application Form and attach proof of the individual's disability/special need see Application Form for a list of acceptable documents). We cannot review your application until both are received. You may apply for voucher funding up to $400 for reimbursement of respite care services, which must be used within 90 days of the date the application is approved. You do not have to use the $400 all at one time; it can be spread out over several periods of respite care (e.g., two or three weekends). For example, you may choose to use $200 to offset the cost of a week-long respite care program, and $200 to reimburse the cost of an individual providing in-home respite for a weekend while you travel out of town. Note that you will only be reimbursed for actual expenses that are documented and submitted to DARS (see below). The Application Form will be reviewed by DARS staff. * You will be contacted within four weeks to inform you of the status of your application. You may be notified by e-mail, phone, or regular U.S. mail.
Once you are approved for the program, you will receive a Virginia Lifespan Respite Voucher Reimbursement Form, a W-9 Form, and a Virginia Lifespan Respite Voucher Satisfaction Survey. These forms will be mailed either physically or electronically with notification of approval of the Application Form. The W-9 Form is required by the Commonwealth in order to issue the reimbursement check; it is not sent to the IRS or any other entity for tax purposes.
To have the forms mailed to you or for information regarding the application or reimbursement process, please contact Liz Havenner by phone toll free at (800) 552-3402 or email at email@example.com.
Respite* is planned or emergency care provided to a child or adult with a special need in order to provide temporary relief to the family caregiver of that child
or adult. Respite services may be provided in a variety of settings, on a temporary basis, including the family home, adult day centers, respite centers or residential care facilities.
Respite is a key component of family support and home and community based long-term services and supports. Respite services strengthen family systems while protecting the
health and well-being of both caregivers and care recipients.
*As defined by the ARCH National Respite Network and Resource Center.
- Application and Reimbursement Procedures - Word version PDF version
- Application Form - Word version PDF version
- Program FAQ - Word version PDF version
- Voluntary Caregiver Burden Survey - Word version PDF version
Respite/Caregiver Resources
- ABCs of Respite, ARCH
- Caregiver Self-Assessment Questionnaire
- Making the Most of Respite (1 page)
- Practical Guide to Respite for Your Family, Virginia Commonwealth University (63 pages)
- Respite Services: Enhancing Quality of Life for Caregivers, University of Utah/Utah Coalition for Caregiver Support (16 pages)


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Who out there has a sweet tooth? Before you reach for another piece of candy, check out these helpful tips to stay off the sugar rollercoaster. http://bit.ly/1AFnBo4
It's #WorkoutWednesday which means it's time to work off that early week wine you had.
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Bay Club South Bay—located near Manhattan Beach in the heart of the South Bay—offers unparalleled excellence in a luxurious resort environment. Our immaculate 105,000 sq. ft. facility is easy to get to—and once you're here, you'll find a friendly, qualified staff and everything you need for an amazing workout!
There's a reason our club was voted #1 health club in the South Bay in Easy Reader magazine. In addition to the amenities featured above, Bay Club South Bay also offers:
• The beautiful Day Spa, offering massages, facials and other deluxe spa treatments
• Cafe Vida, a full-service restaurant with an eclectic menu of delicious, healthy entrees, snacks and beverages
• Our safe, secure Kids Club, with a great play area, arts and crafts, and activities designed to keep your kids engaged and entertained while you work out
• The industry's most qualified personal trainers
• Two full court gymnasiums for basketball and volleyball a new boxing studio
• Free WiFi access in restaurant and lounge
• An adults-only pool and a family pool
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• Clean locker rooms and free, unlimited towel service
• A friendly, inclusive environment
• A professional staff dedicated to helping you achieve your fitness goals
• A wide variety of group fitness classes
• A great location and well-maintained facilities


text:
ARY VacMaster 944200 6" x 10" FoodFresh VacStrip External Strip Vacuum Packaging Bags - 100/Box
- Quantity Discounts!
|Buy 1 - 2
Other Available Sizes:
- For use with external strip vacuum packaging machines; 6" open end
- Layer of perforated material for total air removal
- Industrial strength
- 3-mil thickness
- Perfect for sous vide cooking
- Made of 80% polyethylene, 20% nylon
|10 Inches
|6 Inches
|Freezer Safe
|Polyethylene / Nylon
|Out of Chamber Bag Type
|VacStrip Storage Bags
|3 Mil
Customer questions about this product
- How do I determine if a vacuum machine bag will work on my machine?
If you have a chamber-type machine: Buy a chamber-type bag (mesh-less design). The open end of the vacuum bag must be shorter than the seal bar on your machine, and the bag must also fit inside your machine's chamber.
If you have an external-type machine: You must buy an external-type, or "out of chamber" bag (mesh design). The open end of the vacuum bag must be shorter than the seal bar on your machine.
All of our vacuum machine bags list how large the open end is, and whether you can use them with external or chamber machines, in the content.
With the 944200 6" x 10" VacStrip external strip packing bags, you can keep your products for up to five times longer! Keep air out by sealing in the freshness of your foods. These bags can be used with any external strip, suction-type machine. Made of 80% polyethylene and 20% nylon, these bags feature a unique extra layer of perforated material. This allows air to flow out more efficiently in the vacuum process, so your foods will be as fresh as possible with maximum bag suction and hardly any stress on your machine! This improves the packaging of liquid-rich foods like fresh meat and fish. Also, these industrial strength bags are perfect for sou vide cooking. The bags can withstand up to 160 degrees to cook in, but are not boilable.
The 6" side of this bag is the open end, for sealing.
BPA Free
This item is free of the chemical Bisphenol A (BPA) and is safe for food contact.
Microwave Safe
This item can safely be used in the microwave for food service applications.
Freezer Safe
This item can withstand low temperature applications and is safe for freezer storage.
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ARY VacMaster 944220 8" x 11 1/2" FoodFresh VacStrip External Strip Vacuum Packaging Bags - 100/Box
ARY VacMaster 946102 8" x 50' Roll of Full Mesh External Vacuum Packaging Bags 3 Mil
ARY VacMaster 946152 11 1/2" x 50' Roll of Full Mesh External Vacuum Packaging Bags 3 Mil
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Customer Reviews
Arrange by
Super happy with this purchase! The price for the quantity is unbeatable! I use mine for separating large amounts of meat into smaller portions and then freeze.
Brenda M. Posted on 05/02/2016
Great price. Great quality. They work great with my vacuum sealer. I would buy them again. Keep meat free of freezer burn for a very long time.
Jamarie D. Posted on 03/21/2016
It works perfectly for my products. My customers love the package. Best price and qualities. Super fast shipping. Wish it has 1000 batch, so I can buy more!
Pu L. from CS Focus Posted on 03/05/2016
After buying a vacuum sealer, I started looking online for cheaper priced bags. That's how I discovered Webstaurantstore! These bags are great for when I buy in bulk, freeze garden produce, and do batch cooking. They work great every time.
Brenda C. Posted on 01/15/2016
These bags rock! I bought them to use with my FoodSaver machine and they work perfectly. They also save me a LOT of money from the name brand. I bought 2 different sizes of these bags and some rolls, but the 6"x10" bags are my favorite size for most food items. Very practical, durable, and yes I did tell my friends to go to Webstaurant to buy these for their FoodSaver machines, too!
Pamela D. Posted on 10/06/2015
Perfect bag for single portions or snack size items. So far I haven't had any of these bags break a seal and no freezer burn ever.
Bo G. Posted on 05/21/2015
Good Quality Bags. Never had one break on me, and the best price on the internet -provided that you can fit everything you need into 6x10.
Michael C. Posted on 03/17/2015
Great product for a great price. I use them with my food saver and I save a lot of money being able to buy in bulk and freeze.
Thomas W. from TRW Posted on 05/24/2013
What a great price for these bags. You can not find them at any store for this price. I am so spoiled from shopping at webstaurant.
Sheila M. from Sheila's Homestyle Posted on 11/14/2012
These vacuum bags are great quality and the price here is the best on the web. The large quantity box is the only way to purchase.
Rick C. from Wildlife Processors Posted on 07/29/2012
These are great Vacuum bags. I use them with the Food Saver brand of sealers. These are about 1/3 the price and every bit as good. These also hold up to long term storage.
Stephen K. Posted on 07/21/2011
Exceptional value and perfect design. This product is among many that have saved me hundreds of dollars a year in food costs. Works with any food sealing system without fail.
Shawn J. from Grand Lake Casino Posted on 04/03/2011
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- Home
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how to minimize 3g latency download A1Rb free file
== Search results for how to minimize 3g latency ==
Searched file: how to minimize 3g latency
*Filename: how to minimize 3g latency.zip
*Year: 2015
*Total Downloads: 33757
*Uploaded: 02/18/2015 16:15:58
*Type: WinZip
*Supported OS: All
== Searches related to how to minimize 3g latency: ==
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Generation: Peak data rate: Description: 1G. no data. Analog systems. 2G. Kbit/s. First digital systems as overlays or parallel to analog systems. 3G. Mbit/s ...With that in mind, mobile applications should aim to minimize their use of the radio interface. To be clear, that is not to say that you should avoid using the radio ...4/3/2013 · A recent study 1 (PDF) found that more than 80% of people are disappointed with the experience of browsing Web on mobile devices and would use their ...V. CONCLUSIONS Promising technologies to fulfill the requirements of the long-term 3G evolution include an AML-OFDM-based physi-cal layer supporting multi-antenna ...LTE/HSPA/UMTS/EDGE/GPRS: • Fallback to 3G/HSPA. • Optional dual cellular module. • Certified by leading carriers. Rugged/Robust Design: • No moving parts.May 2008 2 Contents • Technology Evolution for 4G • 3GPP HSPA Evolution • 3GPP LTE Requirements • 3GPP LTE Network Architecture • 3GPP LTE PHY Feature OverviewSlide 1: 0 Introduction to UMTS Radio KPI 3G network planning introduce www.huawei.com Huawei Northwest Africa Region RNP Solution Manage: …©2008 Oracle Corporation –Proprietary and Confidential <Insert Picture Here> Event-Driven Architecture Suite, CEP, SOA, and Web 2.0 TODAY'S AGENDAWhite Paper Evolved Packet Core & Policy Management for LTE Prepared by Gabriel Brown Senior Analyst, Heavy Reading www.heavyreading.com On behalf ofThis lesson teaches you to. Understand the radio state machine; Understand how apps can impact the radio state machine; Efficiently prefetch data; Batch transfers and ...
how to minimize 3g latency
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PHILADELPHIA -- The Ravens' plan was simple, as it usually is. So simple, in fact, that the man who had the biggest hand (or forearm, in this case) in foiling it, Philadelphia's Brian Dawkins, was able to summarize it in just a few sentences.
"They thought, especially with [running back Brian] Westbrook being out [rib injury], that they could keep us out of the end zone and (play) field position," the Eagles safety said. "'Get to the 50-yard line, punt them down there, our defense will hold them, they'll punt back, we'll be within the 40s, our offense can make a couple of plays, maybe put some field goals on the board, maybe get us a touchdown, we'll get up 7-zip, then let our defense take over.'
"We didn't let that happen."
Philadelphia played Baltimore's game and beat the Ravens at it, 15-10. It was a defensive game with four field goals (three by the Eagles) accounting for the scoring until Terrell Owens' game-breaking 11-yard touchdown with 9 minutes 12 seconds to go.
Owens' score and ensuing celebration were the most exciting moments of the game, but the turning point came nine plays and four minutes earlier. With the Ravens at the Eagles' 39 and looking like their offense was ready to have its say in the outcome after Kyle Boller's 21-yard completion to Travis Taylor, Dawkins forced Baltimore's only real turnover on the next play. (Officially, the Ravens turned it over twice, the other time on an interception on a Hail Mary at the end of the first half.)
Chester Taylor, replacing a suspended Jamal Lewis for the second and final game, was on his way down, courtesy of Dhani Jones, when Dawkins game in and put his right arm right on the football. Hollis Thomas recovered.
Philly took over and drove 65 yards in nine plays to the game's first touchdown, and the Ravens, though they made it interesting, with a touchdown on the ensuing possession, couldn't recover.
"When T.O. scored that touchdown, that definitely put us behind the 8 ball," said Ravens defensive end Anthony Weaver.
If that's the case, then Dawkins's forced fumble gave the Eagles ball in hand.
"I always do that," Dawkins said, explaining his decision to lay a hit on Taylor when he was already on his way down. "When the guy's going to the ground, I always try to deliver a big blow. It's not really to get the ball out, it's more just to let him know it's going to be like that all day long."
Did he feel like Taylor was in a vulnerable position? "It depends on the ballcarrier," Dawkins said. "When you're going down you may extend the ball a little bit just to brace the fall. That's not really in my head to tell you the truth."
Lewis, tight end Todd Heap, and left tackle Jonathan Ogden weren't in the Ravens' lineup, yet they had a chance late to be the first team to knock off the Eagles. Instead, their last possession ended at Philly's 48 after four straight Boller incompletions, including a first-down spike to stop the clock with 1:18 left.
The game went exactly according to Brian Billick's plan, except for the field position part. Thanks to David Akers's deep kickoffs (four into the end zone, three touchbacks) and Dirk Johnson's 42.5 net-punting average and three downed inside the 20, Baltimore's average staring field position was its 19. And then there was that little turnover in the fourth quarter.
"Yeah, we wanted to go in and lose. At the start of the day, I said, 'Let's go in, keep it tight, fumble the ball, and then lose,' " the Ravens coach said sarcastically. "Sure you want to play good defense and hopefully keep them from making it a high scoring game, which is their M.O. You want to be close enough at the end to make a difference. We couldn't quite pull it off."
"This is our style of game," Weaver said. "This is the way we play ball. Unfortunately, it didn't go our way today.
"This feels like a playoff loss. We're trying to reach that elite level, and in order to do that, you have to beat the elite teams. This was an opportunity and we didn't take advantage of it. We're trying to put the Ravens back on the map. We've just got to get to the playoffs. Once we get there, the playoffs were built for us."
But Sunday belonged to Philadelphia.
"We can win with our offense putting up points, we can win with our defense having to hold people," Dawkins said. "I think that's the sign of a pretty good team that can be a great team."
Michael Smith is a senior writer for ESPN.com.


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Newpark Drilling Fluids held a grand opening ceremony for its Newpark Technology Center in Katy, Texas. The celebration commenced with skydivers parachuting in while displaying American, Texas and Newpark flag replicas, followed by a flag raising ceremony conducted by the United States Army Color Guard and a ribbon cutting with Newpark executives as well. Festivities then continued indoors with tours of the center and its expansive laboratory facilities.
Newpark president Bruce Smith said, "This facility unites our technical staff and administrative staff under one roof and enables us to continue making technological breakthroughs with global effects."
According to Newpark, one of the most unique features of the facility is the lobby's two-story living water wall, which the company said symbolizes its commitment to environmentally conscious technology. It is the fourth largest living wall in the United States, housing nearly 700 plants. The structure uses recycled water to sustain plant life, and the hydroponic wall produces clean air within the facility.
The Newpark Technology Center is located on an expanse of 11 acres along the I-10 energy corridor near Mason Road. The 102,685 square foot complex consists of 37,000 square feet of research and development space, a high-tech training laboratory, and a field-testing and services area. The lab features a one-of‐a‐kind drilling simulator, as well as a training auditorium and a full range of world-class analytical capabilities.
Maritime Today
The Maritime Industry's original and most viewed E-News Service
Hoover Container Solutions' chairman and CEO, Donald Young, has been nominated and elected to the Petroleum Equipment & Services Association (PESA) Advisory Board for a three-year term.
The U.S. Navy conducted a series of cooperative air defense test exercises with the Spanish navy that culminated in live missile firing events using the latest Aegis Weapon System baseline July 20-21.
After 25 years as CEO of Antwerp Port Authority, Eddy Bruyninckx has been raised to the nobility by H.M. the king of Belgium with the rank of baron. In Belgium
Ithaca Energy Inc. reports that the "FPF-1" floating production facility has completed the required inclination test as planned and departed the Remontowa shipyard in Gdansk, Poland.
At high tide, the vessel "MARTIN SÆLE", the first Live Fish Carrier built by Gondan Shipyard in Figueras, was successfully launched today. Representatives of the owner of the vessel,
A new ferry being built at the Cemre shipyard in Turkey for UK operator Wightlink will feature a comprehensive range of modern Wärtsilä equipment and systems to
Tsakos Columbia Shipmanagement ("TCM") S.A. has strengthened its collaboration with Seagull Maritime AS to bring its in-house 'Tanker Competence and Promotion Management
The three shipping companies of the Offen Group, CPO Container, CPO Tanker and CPO Bulker, have decided to implement DNV GL's e-learning course "Energy Efficiency on Board" across their entire fleet.
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Authorities are building a new containment boom to fight an oil spill in a major western Canadian river, officials said on Saturday, after the spill breached a
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Pakistani Chat Rooms | Chat Rooms | Mix Paki Chat Room
Free Online Chat Rooms in Pakistan without registration
Mix Paki Chat Room or mixpakichatroom is among the best chat rooms and Pakistani chat rooms. This chat room provides a free platform to individuals of Pakistan who can appreciate free online chat rooms in Pakistan without registration. There are alot of Pakistani chat rooms which you can discover by surfing on the web. Mix Chat Room or mixchatroom, gupshup corner, hihellobye and funnypaki are the best chat rooms on web or you can say that they are the immense chat rooms where individuals can invest their relaxation energy by conversing with individuals from diverse urban areas of Pakistan and can enjoy spending their time in this extraordinary Pakistani chat room. By Joining Pakistani chat rooms and Mix Paki Chat Room you acclimate to distinctive individuals with diverse dialects. You can make new companions by joining Pakistani chat rooms and you can likewise share information and thoughts with other individuals in light of the fact that Mix chat room is a decent chat room among all the world chat rooms. Pakistani chat rooms gives this free chat space to individuals to make dialog about any theme, they can even share information about the present issues in Pakistan. In Pakistani chat rooms, you can write poetry and lyrics of songs and can even impart the perspectives about distinctive movies to diverse individuals who join the Pakistani chat rooms from distinctive urban areas and diverse countries. After the closure of yahoo chat rooms, individuals try to search for Pakistani chat rooms and they became acquainted to the colossal online chat rooms and Pakistan chat rooms. Pakistani chat rooms have few admins and moderators who moderate these online chat rooms so you can be comfortable enough to join these free Pakistani chat rooms. Pakistani chat rooms and mix chat room provides an incredible chat room service to people so don't hesitate to join these Pakistani chat rooms. You simply need to enter your nick in Pakistani chat rooms and than you can enjoy chatting with distinctive individuals.


text: Asian chicks are fun, loving and really naughty. They love to go out partying with friends and be naughty with them. Once they got so drunk then they make out in front of their friends just for fun. Click the link to enter this site. See the full gallery >>


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In accordance with industry accepted best practices we ask that users limit their copy / paste of copyrighted material to the relevant portions of the article you wish to discuss and no more than 50% of the source material, provide a link back to the original article and provide your original comments / criticism in your post with the article.
[quote:Dr. Acula:MV8yMDk2ODk4XzM1MzE1NjY5XzI2NEJEMTE1] [quote:Anonymous Coward 28716667:MV8yMDk2ODk4XzM1MzE1NjQ5XzE0N0RCMzk3] It sounds quite nice check out my friends band [youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YttVe6v31Yk[/youtube] they are opening for Marilyn Manson on the North American leg of his 2013 tour BUTCHER BABIES will support MARILYN MANSON on a North American tour in January/February. A list of confirmed dates can be found on BUTCHER BABIES' Facebook page. BUTCHER BABIES recently signed a deal with Century Media Records. The band's full-length debut is scheduled for a summer 2013 release. Hailing from Los Angeles, the BUTCHER BABIES have emerged as one of the biggest draws on the Sunset Strip, their incendiary blend of heavy metal and horror-inspired theatrics inciting crowds worldwide. Fronted by Carla Harvey and Heidi Shepherd — named two of the year's "Hottest Women In Roc" by Revolver magazine — the blood-splattered band left its mark on the United Kingdom in June, appearing on the Download festival and supporting ANTHRAX in Cardiff. They returned to America as direct support for OTEP in fall, and wrapped up their first headlining tour last night in front of a hometown crowd at the Roxy on the Sunset Strip. The band — vocalists Harvey and Shepherd, guitarist Henry Flury, bassist Jason Klein and drummer Chris Warner — will perform with labelmates IN THIS MOMENT tonight in Las Vegas. The BUTCHER BABIES track "Axe Wound" is currently in rotation on SiriusXM Liquid Metal, and their short movie/video fo the track "Mr. Slowdeath" can be seen below. When asked by Revolver magazine why the BUTCHER BABIES refer to themselves as "slut metal" and what the hell "slut metal" exactly is, Shepherd said, "We can't go balls out — so we go tits out! When girls are perceived as sexual or outspoken, they get labeled sluts, but we embrace those qualities and bring them to our music as well. BUTCHER BABIES is true slut metal: We're doing what we want, how we want." On the topic of BUTCHER BABIES' goals, Harvey told Revolver, "To bring slut metal to the masses — duh! In all seriousness, we feel like we are just touching on what we are capable of, and we want to continue to grow, get our music out there, and get on the road! There are so many repressed people out there that need to see a show like ours. Hopefully they will take home with them the message that they are able to do everything they want to do regardless of who they are told they are supposed to be." 18-Jan Milwaukee, WI Eagles Ballroom 19-Jan Cincinnati, OH Bogart's 20-Jan Columbus, OH The LC Pavilion 22-Jan Detroit, MI The Fillmore 23-Jan Cleveland, OH House of Blues 25-Jan Wallingford, CT The Dome ... 26-Jan Boston, MA House of Blues 28-Jan Montreal, QC Metropolis 29-Jan Oshawa, ON General Motors Centre 30-Jan Hamilton, ON Hamilton Place Theatre 1-Feb Sudbury, ON Sudbury Arena 4-Feb Winnipeg, MB MTS Centre 5-Feb Moose Jaw, SK Mosiac Place 6-Feb Saskatoon, SK TCU Place 8-Feb Calgary, AB Stampede Corral 9-Feb Edmonton, AB Shaw Conference Centre 11-Feb Vancouver, BC Queen Elizabeth Theatre 12-Feb Seattle, WA Showbox SoDo 13-Feb Portland, OR Roseland Theatre 15-Feb Modesto, CA Modesto Centre Plaza 17-Feb Reno, NV Grand Sierra Resort and Casino 19-Feb San Francisco, CA Warfield Theatre 20-Feb Anaheim, CA The Grove of Anaheim 21-Feb Los Angeles, CA Club Nokia 23-Feb Las Vegas, NV House of Blues [/quote] i'll check em out at 2am thanks for the heads up! [/quote]
Original Message
You can stream it off that site... or download it...
(free either way)
My wife and I are guests on his upcoming album...
(just not on this song)
It was pretty exciting to record a song on the album
Its pretty heavy stuff... so if you arent into metals... then you wont like it...
EDIT: Do to dumb mother fuckers who didnt read the above...
I'm gonna bold this section and restate the fact...
ITS FUCKING HEAVY HEAVY DEATH/DOOM METAL YOU LIL PANSIES, your sensitive whiny ass ears will bleed if you dont like heavy shit
This is prolly my favorite song off the album
This version doesnt have any keys in it... The album version has keys in it.
But this one is good on its own without the keys.
this was done in a small at home studio, the label isnt some giant label its a small outfit... but its a great start to a great artist...
The album is currently being mixed and all that technical production stuff... but its gonna be released in 2013.
So check out "Wounded" by 'Agonal'
link to sanctusgladius.com
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Scholarship Night is an opportunity to hear a from a panel of departmental representatives as well as the UT Arlington Scholarship Office in preparation for the February 15th scholarship deadline.
The December 1st event will be held at the Plano Centre located at 2000 E. Spring Creek Parkway in Plano, Texas.
The December 8th event is held in the E.H. Hereford University Center in the Bluebonnet Ballroom.
Check-in will begin at 6 p.m. for both events and the satellite admissions office will also open at 6 p.m. The panel presentation will begin at 7 p.m. and a Q/A session will follow.
The Plano Centre has parking for event attendees adjacent to the building.
Parking for the event on UT Arlington's campus is available in any of the three parking garages on UTA Blvd. and Center St. ParkNorth's entrance is on UTA Blvd, before the intersection of Center St. ParkCentral and ParkSouth have entrances on Center St. Please refer to the Parking Map, ParkNorth, ParkCentral, and ParkSouth are on the eastern edge of campus in map quadrant H2. If you park in the north garage, please do not park in the spots marked for First Baptist Church.


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Neolithic Shamanism: Spirit Work in the Norse Tradition (Paperback)
Usually Ships in 1-5 Days
A step-by-step guide to working with the spirits of ancient northern Europe
Explains how to build relationships with Earth, Sun, Moon, Plants, Animals, Water, Fire, Craft, Air, and the Ancestors through 83 practical exercises
Explores the role of altered states in spirit work
Outlines the ancient cultural rules and taboos to avoid spiritual debt or offense
We are all surrounded by spirits. Many people feel called to work with them, but few know where to begin. Enjoined by the gods and spirits to fulfill this need, Raven Kaldera and Galina Krasskova have reconstructed the indigenous spiritual traditions of northern Europe and Scandinavia extinguished more than one thousand years ago by the spread of Christianity. Arising from basic survival needs, these practical traditions are fundamentally tied to the elements found in the harsh world of the ancient North.
Beginning with the skills tied to the Earth element, necessary for grounding prior to the more demanding aspects of the practice--working with Sun, Moon, Plants, Animals, Water, Fire, Craft, and Air--the authors explain, step by step, how to build relationships with each elemental spirit and the Ancestors. Offering 83 practical exercises, from cleansing with the Moon or borrowing the legs of Reindeer to making sacred space with Mugwort or creating an ancestor altar, they also explore building spirit relationships through altered states. Emphasizing the proper management of your spirit relationships to avoid spiritual debt or offense, the authors outline the ancient cultural rules and taboos that circumscribe these practices, essential knowledge for successful and fruitful spirit alliances.
Detailing the beginning set of skills needed to work with the spirits of this ancient world, this comprehensive workbook offers a unique ancestral spiritual outlet for those of northern European descent as well as an accessible guide for anyone trying to fulfill their shamanic callings.
About the Author
Raven Kaldera is a pagan priest, intersex transgender activist, parent, astrologer, musician, homesteader, and the author of "Hermaphrodeities: The Transgender Spirituality Workbook" (XLibris Press). He is the founder and leader of the Pagan Kingdom of Asphodel, and the Asphodel Pagan Choir. He has been a neo-pagan since the age of 14, when he was converted by a "fam-trad" teen on a date. Since then, he's been through half a dozen traditions, including Gardnerian, Dianic, and granola paganism, Umbanda, Heithnir, and the Peasant Tradition. He is currently happily married to artist and eco-experimentalist Bella Kaldera, and they have founded the Institute for Heritage Skills.
...'Tis an ill wind that blows no minds.'
Galina Krasskova has been a Norse polytheist and priest of Odin for more than twenty years. Her primary interest is Heathen devotional work, and she has both written and lectured extensively on the subject. Krasskova is a Northern Tradition shaman currently residing in New York, where she is pursuing her PhD in Classics. She is the author of several books, including Exploring the Northern Tradition.