text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|PCT number
|Publication date
|Jul 17, 2007
|Filing date
|Feb 14, 2003
|Priority date
|Feb 15, 2002
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Donald Dominic Arnone, Philip Francis Taday
|Original Assignee
|Teraview Limited
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (16), Non-Patent Citations (1), Referenced by (13), Classifications (10), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention relates generally to the field of apparatus and methods for obtaining information about the macro structure of a sample and particularly a molecular sample. More specifically, the present invention relates to obtaining information about the polymorphs of a molecular sample using radiation in the range from 25 GHz to 20 THz.
Many elements and molecules are capable of exhibiting at least one crystallographic arrangement when in the solid state. These different crystallographic arrangements are referred to as polymorphs or allotropes. A classic example of two polymorphs or allotropes is that of graphite and diamond which are both allotropes/polymorphs of carbon. Graphite and carbon have different mechanical, electrical and chemical properties and are easily distinguishable from their physical appearances.
However, many polymorphs exist which also have different chemical or other properties, but which are not so easily distinguished. Such polymorphs are of particular concern in the pharmaceutical fields where the chemical properties of one polymorph are well understood and whereas the chemical properties of the other polymorphs of the same molecule are either not understood or known to be disadvantageous. Thus, it is important to be able to accurately identify a particular polymorph of a molecule.
Further, as some molecules undergo phase changes to a different polymorphic state or pseudopolymorphic state, over time or due to pressure, temperature, radiation etc, it is also necessary to have a reliable and relatively quick method for establishing that the polymorphic structure of a sample has not changed during storage or transportation. A pseudopolymorphic form is a crystalline form containing solvent molecules such as ethanol or isopropanol.
Previously, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy has been used to distinguish between different polymorphs. This method has its drawbacks in that, ideally, large single crystals are required and the use of ionising radiation (X-rays) means that extra safety measures are required. Further, this method must be performed under vacuum.
Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in the mid infra-red range (900–3000 cm −1) may also be used to obtain information about the crystallographic structure of a molecule. This technique probes the intra-molecular structure i.e. the nature of the bonds which form the individual molecules. The natural vibrational frequencies of the intramolecular bonds are affected by molecular interactions. Thus, a vibrational frequency for a particular intra-molecular bond may be shifted in frequency between different polymorphs. It is difficult to accurately interpret the results from this technique since small peak shifts are hard to measure and may arise due to other factors such as water absorption by the molecule.
Diffuse reflectance infra-red fourier transform spectroscopy can also be used but this is limited to the mid infra-red part of the spectrum. This technique provides good information about the structure of the molecule itself but is hard to interpret for information about the macromolecular structure.
Raman spectroscopy may also be used to study molecular vibrations close to the laser exciting line. However, the Raman scattering process is relatively inefficient and this results in long data acquisition times. The selection rules which control both Raman and infra-red absorption are different and thus different spectral information about the molecule is obtained from both of these techniques.
Solid state nuclear magnetic resistance (NMR) has also been used. However, currently, the technique is suffering from large errors when applied to solid state samples. Other non spectroscopic techniques have also been suggested such as scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy.
The above problems are at least partially addressed by the present invention which uses radiation in the so-called THz regime in order to probe the intermolecular bonds as opposed to the intramolecular bonds.
Thus, in a first aspect, the present invention provides method for investigating the macro structure of a sample, the method comprising irradiating the sample with radiation having a plurality of frequencies in the range from 25 GHz to 20 THz; detecting radiation reflected from and/or transmitted by said sample to obtain a spectra of the sample; and identifying structure in the resultant spectra which arises from intermolecular interactions in the sample.
The term macrostructure is used to refer to the amorphous or crystallographic structure of a solid or liquid sample. A liquid sample will often have some crystallographic structure, especially if the liquid sample is a saturated solution or a solution which is close to saturation.
Using radiation in the above frequency range, intermolecular vibrations are excited. The above frequency range is colloquially referred to as the THz frequency range. Preferably, the frequency range from 50 GHz to 15 THz is used, more preferably 100 GHz to 12 THz, even more preferably 0.5 THz to 10 THz.
Typically, the structure in the resultant spectra will manifest itself as peaks and/or troughs in the spectra. The user of the above method can then identify this structure in the spectra in order to determine information about the macrostructure of the sample.
The above method has many applications. For example, the method may be used for analysing new pharmaceuticals to establish the exact polymorph of a synthesised preparation. The exact structure of an unknown polymorph or pseudopolymorph may be determined by analysing each peak or trough of the resultant spectra which is believed to arise from an intermolecular bond.
The resultant spectra may also be compared with that obtained from a known polymorph in order to determine information about the sample. Thus, the method may be used to establish if a particular known polymorph has been obtained from a new or existing synthesis process. Hence, the method may be configured for use as a verification method for establishing if a desired polymorph has been correctly synthesised.
Some polymorphs are unstable and may revert to a different polymorph of the molecule if the storage temperature of the sample is changed, the storage pressure, storage illumination conditions are changed. Also, sometimes, the sample may change to a different polymorph over time in the absence of any change in the storage conditions of the sample. This causes serious problems during storage and transportation of pharmaceutical products.
The present invention may thus also be used as a monitoring method to verify the polymorphic or psuedopolymorphic structure of a molecule after or during storage or transportation.
The spectra of the sample may be obtained when the sample is located in a plastic bag or the like which will thus allow a sample to be monitored without the needed for the sample to be removed from hygienic packaging.
This allows the actual samples which will be sent to a client to be monitored as opposed to just performing a check of samples which have been stored under similar conditions.
The method of the present invention also allows a manufacturer to easily establish the optimum storage and transportation conditions for a sample.
In addition to determining information about the polymorphic structure of a sample, it is also useful to additionally obtain information about the intermolecular structure. Thus, preferably, the method further comprises irradiating the sample with radiation in the range of 25 THz to 120 THz and identifying structure in the resultant spectra which arises from intramolecular vibrations.
The above allows the method to establish both the inter and intramolecular structure of a sample. This is of particular use when the molecule may have isomers.
The absorption coefficient and/or the refractive index of the sample may be measured in order to obtain information about the sample.
The radiation may be pulsed or continuous wave radiation. Continuous wave radiation sometimes provides a cheaper alternative to pulsed radiation.
The incident radiation may be broad band radiation or it may comprise a plurality of discreet frequencies. The discrete frequencies may be chosen to coincide with expected structure in the resultant spectra of the sample.
The use of coherent radiation allows the power of the radiation to be kept low so as to avoid the sample heating. Preferably, the maximum power used is 2 mW/cm2, more preferably 1.5 mW/cm2, even more preferably about 1.3 mW/cm2.
The sample may be cooled for analysis as this may enhance the efficiency of the source of the incident radiation or the detector. However, care must be taken to first establish that the sample does not undergo a polymorphic phase change when it is cooled for analysis. Thus, the sample may be held at a maximum temperature of up to 150K during irradiation, more preferably up to 10K.
Radiation in the claimed frequency range may be strongly absorbed by water which may affect the spectra for some samples. Thus, the sample is preferably irradiated under vacuum or in a dry atmosphere such a dry nitrogen or dry compressed air.
The sample may be irradiated using either transmission and/or reflection measurements. For transmission measurements, the sample is preferably, less than 5 mm, more preferably less than 2 mm, even more preferably less than 1 mm. The ability to perform transmission measurements on samples which are as thick as 5 mm, means that standard tablets which have a thickness of from 4 mm to 5 mm and generally about 4.5 mm can be analysed by the method.
The sample may be powderised prior to irradiation, The sample may then be compressed into a thin structure or may be sprayed onto a suitable supporting structure. The suitable supporting structure is preferably an inert material such as polyethylene.
The sample may also be powderised an mixed with an inert material such a polyethylene. Often, pharmaceuticals are supplied in tablet form where the actual ingredient is mixed with an inert filler material.
The spectra may be obtained by plotting the amplitude or a parameter related to the amplitude of the detection radiation in the time domain or frequency domain. The power of the detected radiation may also be plotted in the time or frequency domain.
More preferably, the absorption is plotted, this is calculated by plotting the log of the radiation detected from the sample divided by the radiation detected from a reference. The reference may be obtained by removing the sample from the apparatus and measuring the detected radiation, or it may be obtained from a suitable reference sample. For example, when the sample is of a mixture of an inert material and an active material, the reference sample may comprise the inert material.
It has been previously mentioned that the method is of particular use in determining the polymorphic structure of pharmaceuticals. Examples of pharmaceutical compounds which either exhibit or are expected to exhibit polymorphs are: AG-337, Ampicillin, Androstanolone, Aspartme, Benoxaprofen, Captopril, Carbamazepine anhydrate, Carbamazepine dihydrate, Carbovir, Cefaclor dihydrate, Cefamandole nafate, Cefazolin, Cefepime.2HCl, Chlorpropamide, Cimetidine, Compound H, Cortisone acetate, Cyclopenthiazide, Delavirdine mesylate, Diflunisal, 1,2-Dihydro-6-neopentyl-2-oxonicotinic, 11-α-Dimethyl-3-hydroxy-4-pyridone, Diphenhdramine HCl, Dirithromycin, Disodium clodronate, DuP 747, Erthtrocin, 13-Estradiol, Fluconazole, Flucinolone acetonide , p-Formyl-tiazs-cinnamic acid, Fosinopril sodium, Frusernide, Glburide, Glycine, Griseofulvin, Indomethacin, L-660,71, Lactose, Losartan, Lufenuron, Mefloquine HCl, 4′-Methyl-2′-nitroacetanilide, 5-Methyl-2-{(2-nitrophenyl)amino}-3-thiopheneccarbonitrile, MK-571, MK-679, Mofebutazone, Nabilione, Nedocromil magnesium, Neotame, Nicardipine HCl, Nimodipine, Oxyphenbutazone, Paracetamol, Paroxetine HCl, Phenylbutazone, Prednisolone teit.-butylacetate, Ranitidine HCl, RG-12525, Salbutamol, SC-25469, SC-41930, Spironolactone, SQ-33600, Sulfamethoxazole, Sulfaproxiline, Sulphanilainide and Testosterone.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for studying the macro structure of a molecular sample, the apparatus comprising:
Preferably, the means for identifying structure comprises comparing means to compare the detected spectra with known spectra. For example, the apparatus may comprise memory means which is preloaded with at least one spectra which is expected to at least closely correspond to the spectra of the sample. Alternatively, the memory means may be pre-loaded with a plurality of known spectra, the apparatus being configured to compare each of the spectra in the memory means with that of the sample.
The apparatus may be configured to monitor the quality of a batch of samples, the apparatus comprising comparing means to compare a resultant spectra with that of the established spectra of the batch of samples and alarm means which ermits an alarm signal when the spectra obtained from the sample differs from that of the established spectra.
The detector may be a direct detector of THz radiation or it may be of the type which converts THz radiation into an easily readable signal.
For example, the detector may comprise a non-linear crystal which is configured such that upon irradiation of a probe beam and a THz beam, the polarisation of the probe beam is rotated. The probe beam can be of a frequency which can be easily measured (for example near infra-red). Typical crystals which exhibit this effect, the so-called "AC Pockels" effect are GaAs, GaSe, NH4H2PO4, ADP, KH2PO4, KH2ASO4, Quartz, AlPO4, ZnO, CdS, GaP, BaTiO3, LiTaO3, LiNbO3, Te, Se, ZnTe, ZnSe, Ba2NaNb5O15, AgAsS3, proustite, CdSe, CdGeAs2, AgGaSe2, AgSbS3, ZnS, organic crystals such as DAST (4-N-methylstilbazolium. This type of detection mechanism is generally referred to as 'Electro-optic sampling' or EOS.
Alternatively, the detector could be a so-called photoconducting detector. Here, the detector comprises a photoconductive material such as low temperature grown GaAs, Arsenic implanted GaAs or radiation damaged Si on Sapphire. A pair of electrodes, for example in a bow-tie configuration or in a transmission line configuration are provided on a surface of the photoconductive material. When the photoconductive material is irradiated by the reflected radiation and also, the probe beam, a current is generated between the two electrodes. The magnitude of this photovoltage current is an indication of the magnitude of the THz signal.
Although it is possible to generate THz radiation directly, the most effective THz generation can be achieved by converting a pump beam into a THz beam. To do this, the source comprises a frequency conversion member and a source of a pump beam.
The pump beam may be supplied by a Ti:sapphire Yb:Er doped fibre, Cr:LiSAF, Yb:silica, Nd:YLF, Nd:Glass, Nd:YAG or Alexandrite laser
There are many possible options for the frequency conversion member. For example, the frequency conversion member may comprise a non-linear member, which is configured to emit a beam of emitted radiation in response to irradiation by a pump beam. Preferably, the pump beam comprises at least two frequency components, (or two pump beams having different frequencies are used), the non-linear member can be configured to emit an emitted beam having a frequency which is the difference of the at least two frequencies of the pump beam or beams. Typical non-linear members are: GaAs or Si based semiconductors. More preferably, a crystalline structure is used. The following are further examples of possible materials:
NH4H2PO4, ADP, KH2PO4, KH2ASO4, Quartz, AlPO4, ZnO, CdS, GaP, BaTiO3, LiTaO3, LiNbO3, Te, Se, ZnTe, ZnSe, Ba2NaNb5O15, AgAsS3, proustite, CdSe, CdGeAs2, AgGaSe2, AgSbS3, ZnS, GaSe or organic crystals such as DAST (4-N-methylstilbazolium).
In order to produce an emitted beam having a frequency in the THz regime, preferably the at least two frequencies of the pump beam or beams are in the near infra-red regime. Typically, frequencies between 0.1�1012 Hz and 5�1014 Hz are used.
Alternatively the frequency conversion member is a photoconducting emitter, such an emitter comprises a photoconductive material such as low temperature grown or arsenic implanted GaAs or radiation damaged Si or Sapphire.
Electrodes which may be of any shape such as a dipole arrangement, a double dipole arrangement, a bow-tie arrangement or transmission line arrangement are provided on the surface of the photoconductive material. At least two electrodes are provided. Upon application of a bias between the electrodes and irradiation of a pump beam(s) having at least two different frequency components, a beam of radiation is emitted having a frequency different to that of the at least two frequency components of the pump beam or beams.
p-i-n emitters may also be used as the source. These are photodiodes which are irradiated with a short pulse laser (pulse length approximately 10 fs, wavelength approximately 800 nm). These emitters can emit at frequencies up to 20 THz.
When a pulse having a plurality of frequencies passes via a sample to a detector, the various frequencies will not arrive at the detector at the same time due to the frequency dependent response of the sample. A time domain signal can be established by measuring the amplitude of the detected radiation with respect to time. In order to achieve this, it is preferable if a scanning delay line is inserted into either the path of the probe or pump beam. The delay line can be configured to scan over the whole length of the pulse. This time domain spectra will be converted to a frequency domain spectra by fourier transforming the spectra
The present invention will now be described with reference to the following preferred non-limiting embodiments in which:
Vibrations due to intermolecular interactions are shown as 17, this intermolecular bond is believed to be a hydrogen bond between the two molecules 11 and 13.
The formation of this hydrogen bond 17 between the two molecules 11, 13 will also affect the vibrational frequency of intramolecular bonds 15. This means that the absorption frequency of the intramolecular bond in an isolated molecular will be shifted slightly from that of the absorption frequency of an intramolecular bond in a water molecule which is hydrogen bonded to another molecule.
The present invention looks at the inter molecular reactions directly, i.e. the absorption due to hydrogen bond 17 in this situation.
The apparatus comprises an ultra-short pulse laser 21 which may be, for example, Ti:sapphire, Yb:Er doped fibre, Cr:LiSAF, Yb:silica, Nd:YLF, Nd:Glass, Nd:YAG or Alexandrite laser. This laser 21 emits pulses of radiation 23 each of which comprise a plurality of frequencies. This pulse is reflected by first mirror 25 and second mirror 27 into beam splitter 29. The beam splitter splits the beam into a pump pulse 31 which is used to irradiate the sample and a probe pulse 33 which is used during detection.
The pump pulse 31 is into first scanning delay line 35. Scanning delay line 37 in its simplest form comprises two mirrors which serve to reflect the beam through a 180�. These mirrors are then quickly swept backwards and forwards in order to vary the path length of the pump pulse 31. The output pump pulse from the first scanning delay line is then directed by mirrors 37 and into parabolic mirror 43.
Parabolic mirror 43 directs the pump pulse onto a source which comprises a frequency conversion member and a bow-tie emitter. The frequency conversion member is configured to mix the incident radiation and output radiation derived from the differences of the input frequencies, so-called difference frequency generation. This technique is described in more detail in GB 2 347 835.
The output is then reflected off second parabolic mirror 45 and onto third parabolic mirror 47 which directs the radiation onto sample 49. The sample may be replaced with a reference sample 51 in order to remove background features from the final results. The radiation which is transmitted through sample 49 is then collected by fourth parabolic mirror 53 and is then combined with the probe beam using combining parabolic mirror 55.
Combining parabolic mirror 55 comprises a parabolic surface with an aperture. The detected radiation is directly collected by parabolic surface, this is combined with the probe beam 33 which is transmitted through the aperture in the parabolic surface. The combined beams are then sent into an electro-optic sampling detection unit 57. The details of this are described in GB 2 347 835.
Prior to recombining with the pump beam 31, the probe beam 33 is directed by mirror 59 into second scanning delay line 61. This operates in the same manner as the first scanning delay line 35. The outputted probe beam 33 is then reflected off first probe beam 63 onto second probe beam mirror 65 and onto third probe beam mirror 67 into probe beam parabolic mirror 69. Parabolic mirror then directs the probe beam into the aperture of recombining parabolic mirror 55 for recombination with the pump beam.
The sample introduces a time delay in the path of the pump pulse. The delay is dependent on both the absorption coefficient and the refractive index of the sample. In order to obtain an EOS detection signal, the frequency component of the probe beam must be in phase with a frequency component of the pump beam. Variation of the first and second scanning delay line allows the phase of the probe beam and/or pump beam to be swept with respect to the pump beam and/or probe beam and thus allows for measurement of the delay time of each frequency component which passes through the sample.
In the apparatus of
The measurement was performed at room temperature. Polyethylene is a relatively inert material. This material is used as a reference.
The lower trace is obtained by forming a second polyethylene disk (as described with reference to
The upper trace is formed by making a disk comprising a mixture of ion (ii) phthalocyanine, obtaining a spectra of this polymorphic compound and dividing the spectra with a spectra measured from one of the polyethylene disks. The divided spectra is then logged to obtain absorption which is plotted on the "y" axis.
It can be seen that the sample in the upper trace shows strong absorption characteristics, especially around 2 THz.
Ranitidine-HCl can exist in two polymorphic modifications, forms I and II, as well as in several pseudopolymorphic forms, i.e. in crystalline modifications containing solvent molecules such as ethanol or isopropanol.
In both of
It can be seen by comparing the spectra of
In order to derive the absorption data, the spectra of the radiation detected from the sample is divided by a spectra of radiation detected in the absence of the sample. This "air" signal was then used as a reference and the absorption was derived in the same manner as above by plotting the log of the sample signal divided by the reference signal. It is clear from this data that the present invention can be used to analyse bulk samples.
In addition to obtaining information about the polymorphic structure of a sample, information about the intramolecular structure may be achieved by probing the sample at slightly lower frequencies.
Previously, we have mainly concentrated on the use of the method to obtain information about samples in the solid phase. However, it is also possible to apply the method to samples in the liquid phase and especially samples in solution.
Similarly if the experiment is repeated in an FTIR spectrometer with a sample of glucose solution dried on a piece of cellulose nitrate filter paper, the absorption of THz radiation increases at 9 THz. This absorption band is due to the hydrogen-bonded vibration between with water and glucose molecules. In this experiment all the non-hydrogen bonded water was removed, leaving only water that has been hydrogen bonded with the glucose molecule thus revealing a strong absorption peak at 9 THz.
The table below illustrates the position of the peaks in THz recorded for the first and second polymorphs of
First Polymorph
Second Polymorph
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|U.S. Classification
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|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Mar 14, 2005
Owner name: TERAVIEW LIMITED, GREAT BRITAIN
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ARNONE, DONALD DOMINIC;TADAY, PHILIP FRANCIS;REEL/FRAME:016417/0934;SIGNING DATES FROM 20040914 TO 20040915
|Jan 10, 2008
Owner name: ETV CAPITAL S.A., LUXEMBOURG
Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:TERAVIEW LIMITED;REEL/FRAME:020339/0443
Effective date: 20071025
Owner name: ETV CAPITAL S.A.,LUXEMBOURG
Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:TERAVIEW LIMITED;REEL/FRAME:020339/0443
Effective date: 20071025
|Dec 16, 2010
|Fee payment
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|Jan 14, 2015
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8


text:
We sincerely thank anonymous reviewers for their critical comments, suggestions, and insights that helped us improve the manuscript.
Original Article
Developing Sustainable New Products in the Textile and Upholstered Furniture Industries: Role of External Integrative Capabilities†
Version of Record online: 2 APR 2013
DOI: 10.1111/jpim.12013
© 2013 Product Development & Management Association
Journal of Product Innovation Management
Volume 30, Issue 4, pages 642–658, July 2013
Additional Information
How to Cite
Dangelico, R. M., Pontrandolfo, P. and Pujari, D. (2013), Developing Sustainable New Products in the Textile and Upholstered Furniture Industries: Role of External Integrative Capabilities. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 30: 642–658. doi: 10.1111/jpim.12013
- †
Publication History
- Issue online: 12 JUN 2013
- Version of Record online: 2 APR 2013
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
You Are…
Before I catch up to the few blog posts I've been slacking on with my "30 Days 30 Topics" series, I have a blog posts that I deem quite a bit more important… As many of our Facebook Friends and Family already know, today is a very special day. Today I give thanks to two wonderful people in my life, Lucian and Belinda Hatfield, for creating and bringing into this world such a beautiful soul 29 years ago to the day… my husband. Anyone who has ever met him, briefly or personally, knows that he is not your average every day Joe. He is one amazing individual, and amazing is putting it lightly. So today, I want to acknowledge and share all the wonderful qualities that he possesses and radiates to those around him. I know I'm far from covering all of them, because he's such a phenomenal human being… so please, add to the list and flood his heart with lots of love.
You are love
You are inspiration to more people than you know
You are kind-hearted
You are passionate in all you do
You are positive
You are the the ultimate role model of the greatest husband, father, and friend
You are joy
You are laughter
You are a bit nerdy, but oh so sexy =) (had to throw that one in there)
You are comfort
You are beautiful memories
You are gentle
You are patience
You are intelligence
You are the definition of determination
You are sleeping… literally… right now as I type =)
You are logical
You are respectful
You are a good singer (a hidden talent of yours I truly believe)
You are hard-working
You are persistence
You are Putting Others Before You
You are thoughtful
You are always appreciative of anything I do for you
You are Manners and so wonderful at teaching those manners to Cash
You are a leader
You are my rock
You are your boys' hero
You are my best friend, my husband, my soulmate, my life.
Happy Birthday Love.
7 Comments on "You Are…"
Clifton HatfieldSeptember 20, 2011 at 10:55 am
You bring out the best in me and I am so thankful for you and our children. Together we bring light into this world that will cover all land and water. I love you so much and thankful everyday I get to see you.
I love u both! Cliffy, u r pretty damn amazing! 🙂 lol the way u make my Ash smile is unbelievable… And the father u r to ur sons… U r the epitome of what every father and husband should be! Crossing my fingers I get one… One day! 😉 lol <3 to u both and Happy Friggin' Birthday sugar!!! 🙂
You are a jewel and you have brought out the best in Clifton!
Together you make a great team as parents to Cash and to Roman. Roman's journey to get here to meet you and join in the fun is almost over and we will see him soon!
You put that beautifully sweetie. You both are amazing people and in this world, you have created an amazing family together. We love you so much…!!
Everything you said is true plus so much more….I am soooo proud to call Clifton my grandson!!!!!!! Our family has been truely blessed!!! What a wonderful human being!!!
AshleySeptember 22, 2011 at 11:03 am
Thank you all for the love and support you show our family. Each of you have made an impact in our lives, and we are forever grateful for that. Clifton, let's make many many more beautiful memories together:) I love you.
Waqas AhmadSeptember 20, 2012 at 1:38 pm
WOW, Clifton looks like cash 🙂
May you have all the joy your heart can hold,
All the smiles a day can bring,
All the blessings a life can unfold,
May you have Gods best in everything..
Wishing u a Happy Birthday!


text:
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Kuala Lumpur: World number one Lee Chong Wei arrived at the
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Scoring System for Badminton Singles Badminton Singles is a match consists of the best of 3 games of 21 points. Every time there is a serve – there is a point scored. The side winning
Scoring System for Badminton Doubles Badminton Doubles is a match consists of the best of 3 games of 21 points. Every time there is a serve – there is a point scored. The side winning
When playing badminton, it is important to develop tactics and strategies a game plan to out-think and beat your opponent. By identifying and focusing
Usually, when I am coaching my new students, the first thing I check is how they hold the badminton racket. It is important and easy to learn


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Synonyms of dissident in English:
a dissident who had been jailed by the regime
freethinker, nonconformist, independent thinker;
rebel, revolutionary, recusant, renegade;
subversive, agitator, insurgent, insurrectionist, insurrectionary, mutineer
informal refusenik
[Antonyms] conformist
adjectiveBack to top
a demonstration coordinated by dissident intellectuals and workers
opposing, opposed, opposition, objecting, protesting, complaining;
rebellious, rebelling, revolutionary, recusant;
[Antonyms] conforming
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the harder i put the brake pedal down the more it revs up; then it will just return to normal --- doesnt happen all the time at periodic times
when at stop light or full stop the engine revs up with brake pedal depressed on 2000 Saturn SL1
The nation's largest network of independent repair shops certified for expert training, quality work and fair pricing
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seek diag on this as someone needs to see car to give an opinion
What does it do when in park? normal idle , but then fluctuates when stepping on brake pedal? If so have brake booster checked.


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Length: 50 cm
An elegant pearl necklace that'll add an instant vintage cool to your pastel favourites! Grab one now before stocks run out.
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Illness Troubles Troops Back from Iraq
Some troops coming back from Iraq say larium — a medication they were given to ward off malaria — may be making them ill. Two studies have been ordered to study the drug's psychiatric side effects. NPR's Joseph Shapiro reports.
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All Thanksgiving Cookware
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Alistair Burt, Health Minister, resigned this week. It's important news. It's not because of a scandal, nor (as he joked) because resignations are contagious. He's just stepping down. Hardly worthy of headlines compared to the Brexit story, the leadership contests or the Chilcot enquiry, is it? Well actually, yes.
This article is not arguing for more outsourcing but it is a call for the public sector to promote a public service ethos and for the business sector to develop and match it with comparable ethical business standards if and when services are outsourced.
HIV support services are a vital resource for people living with HIV. Research around the world has demonstrated the positive impact these services have on people's health and wellbeing. Despite this, funding for HIV support is rapidly being cut.
If tomorrow we wake up to find we've left the EU - the biggest single reason will be that the Leave campaign seized the hope agenda. In reality, I think voting to leave the EU is essentially a gesture of despair. The only hope we have as a region is to help Europe, and by doing help ourselves as part of Europe.
Despite being born and raised in England, I no longer identify as British. It feels unsettling to say so, and I should add that I still hold a UK passport and have a deep affection for my country of origin. However, having having spent almost a third of my life living in France and Belgium, and learned a second language, I now see myself as European.
As those of you who read these blogs regularly will know, plans to cut pharmacy services by what might be anything up to a quarter threaten our sector...
A youth-driven Brexit could play the initial role in dismantling the EU, and without this disintegration any hope for social progress may become much more distant. For the sake of the youth, you only live once: vote for exit! Or as I should say, YOLOEXIT.
So no doubt those at the Another Europe conference came away feeling good about themselves, in spite of the essential pessimism of their message. And no doubt they continue to believe they are serving the interests of working people by fighting for a remain vote. In reality, they are driving a further wedge between the Left and the millions for whom the EU's contempt for democracy and enthusiasm for austerity and open borders are compelling reasons to leave.
You can't avoid it; in every newspaper, every day, another story about the NHS under increasing strain from all areas. Statistics show that GP p...
What is striking though, is the effect that strong, left-wing leadership has had on the current Conservative Government's policies. They have been forced to change their anti-worker policies in reaction to the strong criticism from The Labour Party. Here's five horrific policies that would have passed without people voting Labour.
If the government wants to improve patient access it should invest in this; in allowing community pharmacies to help, instead of closing 'potentially' a quarter of them. Instead of being forced to go to your GP you can walk in to the pharmacist with no appointment and be seen, in most cases, immediately.
My generation is caught in a vicious circle. For the most part, we are disillusioned with a political system that constantly lets us down, but of course when that disillusionment unsurprisingly translates in to less engagement, it gives the system free license to neglect or even actively discriminate against us all the more.
I wrote in my article earlier this week that pharmacists save lives, and was asked on this very page to back up my claim. This article is for the GP w...
The Big Lottery Fund's report and initiative on "The Future of Doing Good" is both timely and challenging. As the Government and others seek to redef...
This government seems to have ignored the real victims to their proposals: the elderly, the vulnerable, the immobile and those without access to transport. The housebound; those who pharmacy has helped to remain living independently in their own homes for longer. The frail, and those who have little resource or influence to fight back.
If a system is broken, trying to stretch it further for political gain appears foolhardy, especially if this is done through implementing change for a contract that will push junior doctors to breaking point.


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A woman has called for a crackdown on "lazy and irresponsible" St Mary Cray flytippers.
Maria Conroy lives in Hollybush Road, Gravesend, but works in St Mary Cray.
Her drive to work sometimes takes her through Sheepcote Lane, and she says she often sees rubbish dumped along the road.
She most recently came across a large pile of junk last Friday (March 28).
The 47-year-old said: "When I was driving there a few weeks ago there were quite a few piles of rubbish as well.
"In fact, every time I go down that road there has been some sort of rubbish.
"This one was on a bend so if someone is driving quickly down that road they would have just gone straight into it.
"Any obstruction in the road is dangerous.
"The gap it left was only just wide enough for a car to get through so what about farm vehicles?
"I think it is irresponsible, lazy behaviour.
"People caught doing it should have the book thrown at them.
"I'd also like to see it removed more quickly when it does happen."
Executive Councillor for Environment Councillor Colin Smith said: "As soon as we became aware of this flytipping incident, it was removed and the more quickly these problems are reported, the more quickly that we can react.
It is very easy to report street problems on our website and you can even do this on the move, using smartphones at www.bromley.gov.uk/fix and pinpointing the exact problem on a map.
"If a flytip actually is dangerous as the road is blocked for example, please take the time to call us so we can prioritise this as an emergency.
"We are also very keen to see these acts prosecuted and those responsible punished far more heavily than they are being at present, but we do need witnesses and evidence to enable that to happen.
"If anybody does see something untoward taking place, I would urge and remind residents the council continues to operate a £500 enviro crime reward scheme for information leading to a successful prosecution."
- UPDATE: Two arrests after 15-year-old girl gang-raped in Bromley park
- JAILED: Lidl cashier who let customers through without paying for everything
- Traffic through New Cross after gas leak sparks emergency repairs
- 'Bigoted and xenophobic': Councillors at war following 'vile' and 'hateful' protest in Sidcup
- Travellers pitch up on empty Ikea site in north Greenwich


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Select Local Merchants
Marilyn Pelias, MD Cosmetic Surgery CenterRead MoreThough she enjoys conversing with her patients, Dr. Marilyn Pelias's ultimate goal is to get them out her office quickly. The seasoned surgeon tries to minimize the downtime following her procedures, thus enabling clients to resume work and daily activities with little hassle. Even before her treatments begin, she puts guests at ease. During pretreatment consultations, she answers questions and describes her services thoroughly to educate her patients. Dr. Pelias's surgical treatments range from minor changes such as brow lifts and earlobe repair all the way to tummy tucks and liposuction. With the S-Lift, a faster, simpler alternative to a traditional face-lift, she reduces the appearance of sagging skin on the neck and lower face. Nonsurgical sessions often incorporate lasers, which the doctor uses for skin resurfacing, body contouring, or the removal of body hair, spider veins, and tattoos that say I Love My Body Hair and Spider Veins. She also uses skincare products from Obagi to complement chemical peels and microdermabrasion sessions. Dr. Pelias doesn't do it all on her own, though. Aesthetician Kelly LeBlanc jumps in with the assist on all matters beauty-related, including corrective make-up, microdermabrasion, and hair-removal.311 Octavia St.New Orleans, LA US
Avallon Salon and Day SpaRead MoreAvallon Salon and Day Spa - Morgan McCracken in Baton Rouge is a craft nail salon that offers trendy and fashion-forward nail designs. Treat yourself to something special and head to this salon for a customized facial. Fight off acne and wrinkles with a skin care treatment from Avallon Salon and Day Spa - Morgan McCracken. Soothe your body and your mind with a relaxing and replenishing massage, such as hot stone and deep tissue. Ready for a new 'do? The salon offers hair cuts, color and highlights, straightening, extensions, keratin treatment, blow dries, and perms and more to tame your mane. Can't manage to get the right look for your nails? This salon's happy to help with perfect manicures and pedicures for all of your digits. If you need help with stubborn hairs, you'll want to make an appointment at Avallon Salon and Day Spa - Morgan McCracken for one of their famous waxing. With the selection of alternative treatments at this salon, the care that you receive is always your choice. Take advantage of the full suite of beauty services at Avallon Salon and Day Spa - Morgan McCracken such as eyebrow tinting, eyelash extensions, and make up application. Like looking bronzed but hate the sun? Ask us about this salon's tanning services, including airbrush tan. This salon enforces an appointment-only policy, reducing the possibility of a wait. Although Avallon Salon and Day Spa - Morgan McCracken is a bit pricy, it's a great place to relax and enjoy a upscale spa experience. Avallon Salon and Day Spa - Morgan McCracken happily accepts all major credit cards as a form of payment. Don't spend time searching for parking — guests are welcome to use the adjoining lot. Make use of the luxurious bike racks at Avallon Salon and Day Spa - Morgan McCracken. When your nails need some extra love and attention, the techs at Avallon Salon and Day Spa - Morgan McCracken have you covered.7640 Old Hammond Hwy.Baton Rouge, LA US
Wellness CottageRead MoreSignature Service: Reflexology and Aromatherapy Established: 1998 Reservations/Appointments: Required Handicap Accessible: Yes Staff Size: 1 person Parking: Parking lot Minimum Age Requirement: 18 Q&A with Jeanie Miller, Owner, Facilitator Of Healing, Massage Therapist Do you agree with the phrase "beauty is on the inside?" Why or why not? Yes. Healing also starts from the inside out. When you feel good about how your body works, you feel good about yourself. How did you get started in the beauty industry? Did you have an "ah-ha" moment in life? I was searching for something. I knew, deep down, there was something more out there for me. Something that felt like I was doing good. I researched a few options, including speech therapy, but found that it would take too long to go to school, and too much money, and the program was being eliminated from LSU-S. I heard an ad on the radio about Blue Cliff School of Massage Therapy. They were holding an informational orientation, so I went. The first time I put my hands on someone to practice a massage stroke, I knew this was what I was meant to do. It did not feel strange to me, or uncomfortable. It made sense to me. I seemed to be able to feel where someone had pain, and could ease it. I signed up for the school that very day. The feeling I had when I left was, well all I can describe it as is "glowing from the inside out." I wanted to make other people feel that way. Is there anything else you want to add that we didn't cover? Most people, when presented with a disease in their bodies, look to a medical professional. That is good—something seriously could be wrong. But the mistake I see people make is looking to their doctor to fix it all for them, they don't ask questions. The don't realize that they have a big role in their own healing, and have to take charge of their treatment. Massage and bodywork, including reflexology, guide the body's own natural instinct to balance itself, to heal itself.2001 E 70th St.Shreveport, LA US
EarthsaversRead MoreEveryone deserves a day filled with bliss and pampering. At Earthsavers in Metairie, you can find just that. Rejuvenate your skin with a refreshing facial! It's never too early (or too late) to get the right treatment for your skin. Check out Earthsavers for a wide variety of skin care treatments, including a body wrap. This spa provides a wide array of treatments and services, including alternative services. Earthsavers' master stylists are trained in beauty services like make up application, and they're ready to help you look your best. Battling a pesky knot? Relieve the pain and tension with a massage from this spa. From French manicures to colored pedicures, this spa offers something for everyone. Due to high volume, this spa enforces a strict appointment-only policy to ensure timely and no-wait beauty treatments. For a high cost, you can experience signature spa treatments that will leave you feeling relaxed and stress free. Earthsavers is more than willing to accept your major credit card as a form of payment for your beauty services. Drivers can make use of the parking lots near Earthsavers. Ready for the royal treatment? Plan your experience at Earthsavers.3301 Veterans Memorial BoulevardMetairie, LA US
Spa MizanRead MoreTreat yourself to an affordable head-to-toe makeover from Lafayette's Spa Mizan, a trendy full-service salon. Treat your skin to a rejuvenating facial from this salon. Spa Mizan also offers a wide variety of skin care treatments, including a body wrap, microdermabrasion, and a steam bath. Pamper yourself silly with a wide array of beauty and cosmetic services, such as eyelash extensions. Need hair inspiration? Visit one of the stylists at this salon and treat yourself to an upgraded hairstyle. Keep your smile shining bright with a professional dental treatment from this highly-rated establishment. Treat yourself to a relaxing massage and attend to both your mental and physical needs. Delay hair regrowth with a hair removal treatment, such as waxing. This salon embraces spontaneity. Stop in for a walk-in appointment today. Although Spa Mizan is a bit pricy, it's a great place to relax and enjoy a upscale spa experience. This establishment allows you to safely and conveniently pay with one of your major credit cards. Spa Mizan is centrally located near many parking lot options. Spa Mizan offers parking for all customers, including those who travel by bike. Spa Mizan provides high quality service that you won't regret investing in.2319 Kaliste Saloom RoadLafayette, LA US
Golden Touch MassageRead MoreWhether you're new to the day spa experience or an experienced vet, Golden Touch Massage in Lake Charles has services to accommodate everyone. Enhance your skin and get your glow back with a facial from this spa. Try one of the relaxing skin care treatments from Golden Touch Massage, such as a body wrap, and leave with smoother and clearer skin. With a massage from this spa, you can provide some relief to your stress and busy day. If you decide to opt for an alternative treatment, such as physiotherapy, this spa has you covered. At this spa in Lake Charles, you will have to call and book all of your appointments ahead of time. Moderately-priced treatments are the norm, so you can unwind here more often than not. Let all those worries melt away as you relax at the luxurious Golden Touch Massage.1912 Southwood DriveLake Charles, LA US


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Edward E. Gardner
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Swinging on the branch of a broken family tree.
*** Memorial Transfers ***
Memorials I have created that are of people not related to me are in my "Up For Adoption" Virtual Cemeteries. Any person listed within these are transferable. The Virtual Cemeteries are named for the actual cemetery in the following format:
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bobby jett
Freddy Jett
Any idea who the parents of Freddy Jett were for the grave in the Robertsville Cemetery?
Added by
bobby jett
on Mar 22, 2016 11:51 AM
Penny Alexander
Robert's sister Pauline Forrester Stephens was my grandmother.
Added by
Penny Alexander
on Feb 26, 2015 4:42 PM
Penny Alexander
RE: James H. Forrester
If you are interested I can send you an invitation to my family tree. Would you mind telling me which one of his children is your grandparent?
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Penny Alexander
on Feb 21, 2015 8:07 PM
Mary Ann Lee
Thanks for the transfers of my Gallagher cousins. I really appreciate it.
Mary Ann
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Mary Ann Lee
on Feb 06, 2015 9:30 AM
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Billy Howard Gardner
I transferred Billy to your care as I saw you had his family.
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on Sep 18, 2014 3:05 PM
Penny Alexander
James H. Forrester
My name is Penny Alexander. I just wanted to let you know that the picture you posted of James H. Forrester is his son, not him. It's the top picture on the post. The one on the bottom with his wife is correct. They are my great grandparents.
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Penny Alexander
on Jul 31, 2014 10:32 AM
Re: Transfers
Thank you again!
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on Jan 21, 2014 10:12 AM
RE: Transfers
Thank you so much! I will go through them and send request. I know most of them but not related. You are very kind!
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on Jan 18, 2014 1:07 PM
RE: New Fairview Baptist Cemetery
Thank you so kindly for the transfers of my family members! Thank you for the hardwork of taking the photos and recording the dates. Shawnte
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on Nov 20, 2013 8:42 AM
Crystal Green
Emma J. McCulley & Rosamond McCulley
This is my Great Grandmother and her late husband. Can you transfer them to me please?
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Tim FinnVer en iTunes
Para escuchar en vista previa una canción, pasa el ratón sobre el título y haz clic en reproducir. Abre iTunes para comprar y descargar música.
Singer/songwriter keyboardist/guitarist Tim Finn was born in Te Awamutu, New Zealand. Influenced by not only British Invasion acts like the Beatles, the Move, and the Kinks, but also his Catholic upbringing and the communal singalongs of the native Maori people, Finn founded the '70s art-rock turned new wave band Split Enz, leading the band through several albums to moderate international success. The success of the between-albums solo project, Escapade, led to his leaving the band in 1983. He followed with the more ambitious second album, Big Canoe (1985) which went virtually ignored (it was unreleased in the U.S. until the success of his brother's band, Crowded House, stirred up enough interest by 1988). Finn returned in 1989 with a self-titled album for Capitol Records. Despite good reviews, this too failed to make much of a impact. He joined his brother Neil Finn's band, Crowded House, for their Woodface album but left mid-tour and released his fourth solo album, Before and After in 1993. In 1995, he joined with Hothouse Flowers' Liam O Maonlai and Andy White, releasing an album under the group name ALT. A long-rumored collaboration between the Finn brothers was finally released in late 1995 under the name Finn Brothers (it was released in the spring of 1996 in the U.S.). Finn returned to his solo career by the fall of 1996. In 1999, he completed work on his fifth solo album, Say It Is So, which was released early the following year. Together in Concert: Live, a live album documenting his highly successful tour of New Zealand with Bic Runga and Dave Dobbyn, was issued in early 2001. In fall the same year, Finn released another full-length, Feeding the Gods. A second Finn Brothers album was released in 2004 and in 2006, following a brief Split Enz reunion, he returned with a solo album, Imaginary Kingdom. In November of 2008, Finn released The Conversation, an intimate album recorded with former Split Enz members violinist Miles Golding and keyboardist Eddie Rayner, along with guitarist Brett Adams.
Top álbumes
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Nombre de nacimiento:
Brian Timothy Finn
25 de junio de 1952 en Te Awamutu, New Zealand
Años de actividad:
'70s, '80s, '90s, '00s, '10s


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Study programmes
Find courses
Find reading lists, lecture times and notes from all courses from the department.
Find staff and students
Medical science to the people via an app
Jan 21, 2016
Researchers at the institute are developing an app that can help spread new and credible knowledge.
The moral values of families in psychiatry
Mar 11, 2016
Elleke Landeweer is working in Norway on a two-year research project in medical ethics. The funding was sourced through Scientia Fellows.
The Fulbright Award to ebola researcher John-Arne Røttingen
Jun 13, 2016
The Fulbright Award for best article in 2016 goes to a major study of the effect of a new Ebola vaccine used during the Ebola outbreak in West Africa in 2014–2015.
Strategic research areas
23 Aug.
14:45, Auditorium, Fredrik Holst hus, Ullevål sykehus
06 Nov.
07 Nov.
08 Nov.


text:
The Case of the Dead Nicaraguan Diplomat Gets Stranger
César Antonio Mercado Pavón started acting morbid months before his murder.
Authorities still haven't announced possible suspects or motives for the death of top Nicaraguan diplomat César Antonio Mercado Pavón, who was found with his throat slashed yesterday in the Bronx. Neighbors heard loud noises the night Pavón, who was well regarded among the expat community for helping secure visas and providing outreach to residents struggling with homelessness and HIV, died. There was no sign of a forced entry, which could mean Pavón knew his killer. Cops are looking for evidence of "a tryst gone bad." This seems to point the investigation in a different direction than the political nature of the crime hinted at yesterday. Amparo Amador, a close friend, said the normally happy Pavón became morbid six months ago: "He told me, 'Don't let them have a funeral for me here if I die. I want a closed casket, just send me to my mother.'" Two weeks ago, he repeated the request.
Nicaraguan diplomat César Antonio Mercado Pavón found dead in Bronx [NYDN]


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Bints, or Bintz is a term made up by a few people from my school, misspelling the word pints on a a condensed window, they now use the word instead of things such as cool or awesome
Dude! That is so Bints!
by Jevostator January 29, 2009
Trending Now
Top Definition
English slang for a whore or bitch. Similar to a tart.
"Look...you can't proclaim yourself king just because some moistend bint lobbed a scimitar at you." -Monty Python, Holy Grail
by SnottyIrishman August 02, 2005
The Arab meaning of the word "woman" but often used as a sexist term towards women.
"Give me my food you bint"
by bob December 28, 2003
In Scots, used to be a term for an attractive female though now mostly used as an insult. A stupid, bitchy or undesirable girl.
"shutit ya wee bint"
"See that fucking bint of a bird you've got? She's doing ma nut right in. Get it sorted."
"See that fucking bint of a bird you've got? She's doing ma nut right in. Get it sorted."
by Bertie Bumwhistle May 30, 2005
An english slang word for a woman.
"Get me a beer you bint"
by Johnny Rubber October 30, 2006
In certain areas of Western Sydney, 'bint' functions as a term of endearment (if a somewhat cheeky one) devoid of standard derogatory connotations. The definition is closer to mate or china (plate).
How are you doing ya bint?
Have you heard that band 11:59? They're a right bunch of cool frockney bints!
Have you heard that band 11:59? They're a right bunch of cool frockney bints!
by mcledge April 27, 2011
A colloquial word for slag, tart, bimbo, a girl not well liked, etc
15 year old Rose was a bint! She went out with a 23 year old bloke!
by niem October 21, 2005
I hate you, bloody bint!
by Alex Mac June 13, 2005


text:
2013 Eligibility CriteriaEligibility Criteria for the Title I Academic Achievement Awards Program for 2012-13.
In order to be eligible for the 2013 Academic Achievement Award, schools must meet all of the following criteria.
Schoolwide Program Eligibility
The school must have:
- Received Title I funds in both 2010–11 and 2011–12.
- At least 40 percent of students classified as socioeconomically disadvantaged (SED) in both 2010–11 and 2011–12.
Adequate Yearly Progress
The school must have:
- Made Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) in 2011 and 2012.
- Not been identified as Program Improvement in 2011–12.
- Not been identified as Program Improvement in 2012–13.
Academic Performance Index
The school must meet the following schoolwide Academic Performance Index (API) criteria:
- A 2012 Growth API score that was above the median score for the school's grade type:
- Elementary school above 810
- Middle school at or above 782
- High school at or above 748
- Met their schoolwide API target and the API targets for all numerically significant subgroups in both 2010–11 and 2011–12, and in both years:
- Schools with a schoolwide Growth API greater than or equal to 800 could not have their API score decline.
- Schools with a schoolwide Growth API less than 800 must have doubled their schoolwide target.
In addition to the schoolwide API criteria, a school must also meet the following API criteria for their numerically significant SED subgroup in both 2010–11 and 2011–12:
- Schools with a SED Growth API greater than or equal to 800 could not have their SED score decline.
- Schools with a SED Growth API less than 800 must have doubled their SED target.
Testing Irregularities
- Schools cannot have any reported testing irregularities in 2010–11 and 2011–12.
- Schools cannot have any API flags in 2010–11 and 2011–12.
Questions: Awards Team | email@example.com | 916-319-0842
Last Reviewed: Friday, April 15, 2016
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Hi Gigi, Di, Pam, Val and Jann.
Sorry went MIA, decided to dust, clean the floors then take a shower, also called my Mom to see if she got everything unpacked and if she needed anything.
Gigi have a safe trip. Yes I think I do need one of those envie makers I do make lots and lots of cards.
Jann could I please get one also since you ordered several, let me know what I owe you.Thanks!


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Posted by a Lawsuits & Disputes client
I would not recommend obtaining Mr. Allen as counsel. He was extremely overpriced for the limited services he offered. He took offense at any suggestion or recommendation I made for my case. He had limited knowledge in the area of law my case involved and often times he appeared to be in favor of the person who had filed a frivilous lawsuit against me more than he was in favor of my case and I believe this was because I continued to challenge his representation. I would highly recommend using any other attorney in the Monroe LA area for a civil lawsuit case other than Mr. Allen. On a positive note he was responsive to inquiries I made via email even if I only received an acknowledgement that he received my question. I did consider this an advantage.


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Imagine wrapping up work for the day, grabbing your gear, and heading out on the water for an evening of fishing. This is just one of the many benefits of living in a small town that provides for healthy living, adventure, cultural events, a sense of community, and picturesque scenery. Imagine having all this, plus a rewarding technical career. Welcome to Resource Data, Inc. in Juneau, Alaska. At...
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I bought a new Dell Latitude E5410 that came with Windows vista. However, I have installed Ubuntu 10.04.
The installation went pretty smooth without any issues. Every thing works as well.
However, I am noticing that occasionally the keyboard looses sync when I am typing and the cursor jumps to a different part of the screen. What I am not sure is this a problem of the keyboard or the touchpad or the hardware itself or the drivers for it.
Spoke to the Dell and they say that they dont have any drivers for linux as off now to support the touchpad.


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As someone who attended the first MOOC run by Stephen Downes, George Siemens and Dave Cormier, I am particularly interested in how their ideas have been developed and refined since 2008.
Via Dr. Susan Bainbridge
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Jaapsoft's comment, February 21, 2012 4:19 PM
Teresa, I suppose you did not curate this scoop. You do not mention my name in this text. On my website is a Creative Common license, which says you could copy if you mention my name, you are violating this license. You should mention the name of the author of texts and images when you use copies of them. Now your name is on my and other authors texts as if you were the author. Scoop-it is not helping you with this. they fail in this.
regards Jaap


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This location is shown only to members
The Second Annual April Fools' dinner is underway (or at least has been planned).
Conway has graciously agreed to host, as I will be out of town. I'll give details at the next dinner out.
Since it's a school night, I'm scheduling this a little earlier so everyone can have a good dinner and not be out too late.
Let's enjoy a good dinner. We can discuss the current GOP presidential frontrunners, and the implications of having a president with the invisible Skydaddy. Conway has asked that if dessert is to be done, that people suggest places close to the dinner venue.
Please only RSVP yes only if you're confident that you can make it. Last minute cancellations (less than 24 hr notice) will be treated as no shows. Don't be a flake. Fool, sure, but not a flake.
So sorry, but can't make it tonight! Really sorry to cancel just a few hours before...hope everyone has a great discussion!
0 · April 1, 2012
Your call, Diana, but note that, while Nancy thinks the book might be a conversation starter, she also indicates that reading it is not a prerequjisite for attending, and my guess is that the focus of the evening will be much less about discussion of the book than about social interaction in the context of a good meal.
0 · March 20, 2012
I'll be opening up RSVPs in a few weeks so that whoever RSVPs yes will have a better idea of their plans.
0 · February 24, 2012
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Last Updated: 25/02/12 4:55pm
That's it! Wolves peg Newcastle back for a 2-2 draw and it's a huge point for the Midlanders on Terry Connor's first game in charge.
Doyle, who has been outstanding this afternoon, causes more problems as he surges forward down the left.
It goes straight back to Krul, who launches it again, looking for Ameobi, but Ward is there to intervene.
Milijas can't keep the ball in down the left of the Toon half and it goes to Krul for a long goal-kick.
Kightly's delivery is comfortably held by Krul. Berra is booked for his pressure on the Newcastle keeper.
A whopping five minutes of stoppage time are added. Enough for a winner? Wolves will be hoping so as they win a corner.
Hennessey is on the floor after colliding with Ameobi and the Toon man is handed a yellow card - the first of the match.
Newcastle are looking very panicky as Gutierrez allows a Santon ball to roll out. Obviously feeling the heat.
Guthrie produces a careless ball in midfield and it rolls out for a Wolves throw in the Newcastle half. Sloppy from the Toon man.
The minutes are trickling down and Ben Arfa tries a shot on the right but is denied by the outstretched leg of Berra. He comes again soon after but goes just wide with a fizzing shot.
Newcastle are back on the ball and Simpson takes a throw down the right, but it's given away by Guthrie to Doyle.
A good take from Hennessey puts an end to Newcastle's assault for the time being and Wolves break on the counter.
Zubar does well to rob Gutierrez of the ball down the left but Guthrie wins it back seconds later and the Magpies get forward again.
Ameobi's first contribution is to win Newcastle a corner after forcing Stearman to put the ball behind.
Coloccini gets a great little touch to feed Ben Arfa on the right but he can't keep it inside as Wolves earn a goal-kick.
Berra is penalised for a foul on Ba as the hosts earn a free-kick just inside the Wolves half. Shola Ameobi could be the third and final change for Newcastle.
Krul takes a long goal-kick conceded by Doyle but Demba Ba is caught offside, nipping in between Stearman and Berra.
Kightly does brilliantly to evade Cabaye down the left but his cross into the box is intercepted by the Magpies defence.
Ben Arfa is robbed of possession by Jarvis as he tries a charge into the Wolves box. The visitors are looking much more confident now.
The two sides battle for possession in midfield, with Tiote eventually taking charge of the situation and finding Gutierrez.
Gutierrez and Doyle battle down the left of the Newcastle half and the Wolves goalscorer comes off best.
It's Wolves' turn to make a change as O'Hara, who's had a great afternoon, makes way for Michael Kightly.
Just over 20 minutes to go and it's the Magpies pressing at this minute. Ba goes to ground off Berra in the penalty area but nothing is given.
Newcastle are on the ball in midfield, looking for a way through as Tiote tries to find Ba in the Wolves half.
What a comeback from Wolves - would not have predicted this early on. It's definitely in the balance now.
Cabaye tries a tame effort as Newcastle look for an immediate response but it goes straight into the waiting arms of Hennessey.
It's a fantastic delivery from O'Hara and Doyle reacts the quickest inside the six yard box to drive it home amid the resulting scramble.
Newcastle make a double change as goalscorer Cisse goes off for Hatem Ben Arfa and Ryan Taylor makes way for Danny Guthrie.
Hatem Ben Arfa is warming up for Newcastle and it appears he'll be introduced. Krul lofts a long ball upfield, picking out Ba.
Gutierrez clears in the aftermath of the corner and Newcastle break, with Cisse trying a highly-ambitious shot which doesn't trouble Hennessey.
Coloccini slides in with a timely tackle to deny Jarvis, looking dangerous in the box. Wolves win a corner after a great spell.
Ward weaves through the Newcastle defence, cutting inside with a shot from distance. It takes a deflection, this time off Tiote, and nearly catches Krul out but the keeper manages a crucial save.
Hennessey charges out of his goal to stop Gutierrez in his tracks as he powers forward, looking for Cisse and Ba.
Wolves win a throw in midfield and they enjoy some possession, trying to find a way through. A Zubar ball is knocked out by Gutierrez down the left for another throw.
Connor is up on the touchline shouting instructions. Cisse feeds Santon down the left but the flag goes up.
Edwards very nearly gets on the end of a great O'Hara cross but can't quite reach it at full stretch. Wolves are looking much more lively.
Krul boots a long ball upfield, looking to Ba, but the Newcastle man is beaten to it by Stearman. Cabaye tries a shot soon after after a nice one-two with Ryan Taylor but drags it wide.
Exactly the start to the second half Connor would have been looking for. Should be a tight contest now.
Jarvis unleashes a shot on the edge of the Newcastle box which takes a deflection off Danny Simpson and evades Tim Krul. Game on for the visitors.
Panic over, Cabaye gets over it pretty quickly and Tiote is back on the pitch seconds later. After that stuttering start hopefully that's it for injuries!
Newcastle players dropping like flies! Cabaye goes down off a Berra challenge before Tiote receives a boot to the stomach from O'Hara and looks badly winded.
Play resumes and there's a massive roar from the home faithful as Ba comes back on. Sighs of relief all round.
Big concern for Pardew - he's not one to go down easily and he looks in some pain. Appears a challenge from O'Hara did some damage to his knee.
There's a problem for Demba Ba - not what Pardew wants! The striker is receiving treatment on the field.
Newcastle kick us off this half, with Cisse getting things started. It's all up to Wolves if they want to turn this around.
Dan Sawyer hopes Alan Pardew's half-time team talk was up to scratch - "Hope Pardew keeps them motivated, we don't need another repeat of Fulham!"
Gary Stanger also dropped us a tweet - "think Newcastle will win 4 1 ba and Taylor bring on the 2nd half."
Adam Tapson emailed - "Wolves determination and workrate as always top class but they just don't have that quality in the vital moments finishing, final pall or that bit of genius that unlocks the door."
Andrew Goessen has tweeted in to say - "newcastle seem to be soaking up the pressure and hitting on the counter, expect to see more goals. Ba to add 3rd."
Newcastle have taken a comfortable lead but Wolves have shown some signs of coming back. Got something to say on that half? Tweet me @SkySportsRachG or email email@example.com.
The whistle blows for half-time and it's Newcastle 2 Wolves 0, with both goals coming inside the opening 18 minutes courtesy of Cisse and Gutierrez.
Tiote and Zubar come together in a clash of heads but it looks unintentional. Two extra minutes are added this half.
O'Hara plays through a lovely ball to Doyle, who appears to get caught by Tiote just outside the box but the referee is unmoved.
Henry knocks the ball out in midfield as Newcastle earn a throw. The seconds are trickling down this half and Wolves are desperate to pull something back.
O'Hara tries another charge for Wolves down the right wing but can't get beyond Santon, who holds firm in defence.
There's a great opportunity for Ryan Taylor off a Cisse cross but he can't make the most of it as he's blocked by Ward, before Berra clears.
Play resumes as Hennessy boots a kick upfield, but it goes straight to Tiote. Ward is back on the pitch as Wolves are restored to 11.
Looks like an ankle knock for the Wolves man, who is receiving some attention from the medics. Connor might have to make a change.
Ward gets caught by Ryan Taylor and appears injured. The Wolves skipper stays on the ground and there's a lull in play.
Wolves keep pressing forward but are driven back into their own half once again. O'Hara looks particularly dangerous at the moment.
Wolves are looking much more lively now but it's Newcastle that win a free-kick in the middle of the park after a dubious tackle from Berra.
More good goalkeeping by Krul, who makes a brave decision, charging out to deny the advancing Jarvis from close range.
Tiote gives the ball away to Foley inside the Toon half and Wolves look to build again, but are forced backwards.
O'Hara takes it quickly as Wolves get forward once again. Demba Ba, helping out at the back, produces a good clearance to ease the pressure.
Coloccini fouls O'Hara as Wolves win another free-kick inside the Toon half. The visitors look to be finding their feet.
Krul makes a crucial interception under pressure from Doyle, stretching to collect a powerful Jarvis cross at the far post. At the other end, Cisse tries a headed shot but it's off target.
Tiote is the first to O'Hara's delivery and Simpson prevents Wolves from earning a corner seconds later.
O'Hara is caught by Williamson just inside the Newcastle half and the visitors are awarded a long-range free-kick, which the same player steps up to take.
Wolves have a chance to pull one back but can't quite convert, with Doyle beating Williamson to a Jarvis cross in front of goal but nodding it just wide.
The offside flag goes up against Cisse as he has another go getting forward, much to the visitors' relief.
Ryan Taylor floats in the corner and Williamson meets it with a good header, but it's eventually dealt with by O'Hara.
Zubar tries a cross from the right but it's cut out comfortably by Santon. On the counter-attack Ba charges upfield and tries a shot but it's knocked behind by Berra. Newcastle corner.
Wolves win a throw-in on the centre line, which goes back to Zubar in the visitors' half. The defender trades passes with Henry.
The ball rolls back to Hennessy, who is forced to hoof the ball back upfield hurriedly, under pressure from Ba.
Santon makes a crucial clearance in the Newcastle penalty area to deny O'Hara a shot and Wolves have to start all over again.
Ward tries to find Foley in the box with a cross from the left but he overshoots his target and the Wolves man can't keep it in.
Coloccini hoofs a long ball upfield, looking for Santon on the left, but Berra is there with the crucial clearance.
Cisse works hard in midfield, producing a good sliding tackle to put the ball out for a Wolves throw-in.
Wolves pounce on the ball, keen for an immediate response. Edwards gives it away cheaply in midfield but reclaims it seconds later.
What a stunner! From 30 yards out, the Argentinian steadies himself with a quick first touch before blasting home a powerful shot.
Great effort from Danny Simpson! The Toon man picks the ball up just outside the box and unleashes a sizzling long-range shot but Hennessy gets his palm to it to tip it over.
Gutierrez looks for Ryan Taylor in the area but Ward gets his head to it first, diffusing the threat.
Newcastle reclaim the ball in their own half and Taylor feeds Simpson out on the right as they enjoy some patient possession.
Jarvis is held up by Simpson in midfield and the visitors are awarded a free-kick, which they take quickly.
Zubar does well to power past the Newcastle defence, getting in ahead of Gutierrez, but Coloccini produces a well-timed sliding tackle to close him down.
A Ryan Taylor pass falls to the feet of Gutierrez in the box but the flag goes up. If Ba had passed to the Argentinian moments earlier Wolves could have been in real trouble.
Doyle and Williamson battle down the left but once again the stopper makes sure they are denied a corner.
Santon tries to float a cross into the box from the left but Stearman is there to blast it away to safety.
Not exactly the start Wolves would have wanted. Connor's men try a response but Williamson prevents a corner and the visitors make do with a throw.
Brilliant stuff from Newcastle and a terrible mistake from Christophe Berra. Hennessy kept out a first backheeled effort from Demba Ba, which came from a superb Cabaye cross, but Cisse was there to tuck home from close range seconds later.
Tiote and O'Hara tangle in midfield, battling for the ball, and the advantage goes to the hosts. Ryan Taylor delivers a long free-kick from the middle of the park.
It's a less-than-stellar effort from O'Hara, who drives a tame shot straight into the Newcastle wall.
Wolves take a quick free-kick inside the Newcastle half but are driven back, with O'Hara finding Stearman as they build from deep.
Doyle almost makes the perfect start for Wolves as he breaks down the middle, evading the Toon defence and trying a shot, but Krul dives to save.
We're underway on Tyneside and it's the visitors who get things started this half, with Doyle taking the first touch.
The teams are out and it's almost time to get underway. Thanks for all your feedback - keep it coming at the break please!
Of course, the hosts are likely to be stinging following a 5-0 mauling by Tottenham last time out. That was their second defeat in six Premier League games - the rest were wins.
The return of Tiote and Cabaye will prove too much for Wolves to handle, according to Shane Jones. He wrote in - "I think today will be a good game, the wolves players will come out with a point to prove but I think the Toon will be to tough for them especially with Tiote and Cabaye back they seem to be the core for Newcastle this season, I think wolves will score but I'm going for a 3 - 1 win to the Toon. Howay the lads."
This afternoon marks the first time Senegal duo Papiss Cisse and Demba Ba have started together in front of a home crowd for Newcastle. Could prove a deadly combination in front of goal - should Wolves be worried?
Wolves fan Dave Farrier approves of Connor's selection but still thinks Newcastle will walk it - and guess who he's backing for a hat-trick? "FairPlay TC for making wardy captain and dropping Johnson, still think it'll b a loss today, 3-0 the magpies, ba hatrick!"
Meanwhile, victory in their last away game ended a run of 10 on the road in the Premier League without a win for Wolves.
A couple of stats for you before we get underway - Newcastle have won their last three home games in a row; they haven't won won four on the trot since October 2007.
Plenty of you backing Ba to find the back of the net. Michael Ewart wrote in - "I can see this being a fairly close match with Demba Ba netting for the Toon so 1-0 Newcastle!"
Wolves fan Andrew Marsh is keeping an open mind on new boss Connor. He tweeted - "I'm a wolves fan, going to give TC a chance today."
Zach Kingsburg thinks Wolves will come out fighting but Toon will snatch the points - "I can see a good game here today and the new Wolves manager will hope to get a good start following Mick McCarthy's dismissal. i don't think Wolves will win, but they will give it a good go and only go down 2-1 with a late Newcastle goal from Ba."
A quick update from our friends at Sky Bet: Newcastle are unbeaten in their five Premier League games with Wolves and are 8/15 to add another victory this afternoon. The draw is 3/1 and new Wolves interim boss Terry Connor is 5/1 to kick-start his reign with a victory.
Caretaker boss Connor has made four changes to the Wolves side which were thumped 5-1 by West Brom last time out; Richard Stearman, Christophe Berra, Ronald Zubar and Karl Henry come in for Roger Johnson, Sebastien Bassong, Sylvan Ebanks-Blake and Steven Fletcher.
Those two, along with Ryan Taylor, send Danny Guthrie, James Perch and Gabriel Obertan to the bench.
A bit of team news - Toon boss Alan Pardew has restored midfield generals Cheick Tiote and Yohan Cabaye to his starting XI as they return from the Africa Cup of Nations and a three-match ban respectively.
Wolverhampton: Hennessey, Zubar, Berra, Stearman, Ward, Foley, Henry, Edwards, O'Hara, Jarvis, Doyle. Subs: De Vries, Craddock, Kightly, Ebanks-Blake, Hunt, Johnson, Milijas.
Newcastle: Krul, Simpson, Williamson, Coloccini, Santon, Ryan Taylor, Cabaye, Tiote, Gutierrez, Ba, Cisse. Subs: Elliot, Guthrie, Ben Arfa, Perch, Shola Ameobi, Obertan, Ferguson.
The team line-ups are coming your way in just a second but first why not get in touch with your thoughts and predictions ahead of kick-off? You can Tweet me @SkySportsRachG or email firstname.lastname@example.com.
Interim boss Terry Connor takes charge of Wolves for the first time this afternoon following Mick McCarthy's sacking and will be hoping to get off to a bright start - but could face a tough test against surprise high-fliers the Magpies.


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Tactical Equipment Supplier Announces Gear Has Been Approved by the LAPD
SAN DIEGO, Calif. - Shellback Tactical, Inc. of San Diego, a supplier of tactical gear and equipment, recently announced that its tactical gear has been approved for use by the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD).
The LAPD approved the gear on August 7, 2012 and this means that the Shellback gear will now be on the front lines in Los Angeles protecting the brave men and women of the LAPD.
The news was a source of pride for Shellback owner Michael Wratten who stated, "To have a product approved by the Los Angeles Police Department to protect their officers is an honor and a testament to the quality and design of our gear. I wake up every day thinking, how can we make gear that can better keep a police officer or military operator safe?"
The Shellback gear is manufactured solely in the USA and Wratten is proud to offer only USA made gear/products to law enforcement across the country. The tactical gear is cutting edge, forward thinking, advanced equipment that is made with the highest quality materials and design process that exceed the needs and expectations of most customers.
About Shellback Tactical, Inc.
Shellback Tactical sells a wide variety of tactical gear and equipment to law enforcement and military organizations including rifle plate carriers, tactical belts, armor carriers, shooter drop legs, tactical seat caddies, tactical clothing and much more. Those interested in learning more about this company can visit the website at shellbacktactical.com or email firstname.lastname@example.com. Watch the Shellback promotional video on YouTube.
Join the discussion
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DOJ to review fatal Ariz. police shooting of woman armed with scissors
Video: Texas police save robbery suspect from burning car after pursuit


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Islamic militants released US journalist Peter Theo Curtis on Sunday, less than a week after grisly footage emerged of the execution of James Foley.
African leaders at a business forum say they are optimistic about becoming full partners in a relationship with the US worth an estimated $85-billion.
US Secretary of State John Kerry will press Egypt President President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi over a crackdown on the Muslim Brotherhood.
A veteran economist at the IMF has accused the global lender of suppressing information on difficulties in dealing with the global financial meltdown.
African Development Bank president Donald Kaberuka has pledged to provide Malawi with $45-million in order to resuscitate the ailing economy.
The world's major emerging economies on Saturday rejected the tradition that an American is automatically selected to head the World Bank.
European policymakers are quickening their preparations to cope with an escalation of the region's debt crisis.
A meeting of emerging economies will consider a Brazilian proposal to buy European bonds to help crisis-hit eurozone countries, Pravin Gordhan says.
Greece has adopted more austerity measures to secure a bailout instalment, and the IMF warned Europe's debt crisis is putting banks' capital at risk.
The famine in the Horn of Africa is a result of the international community's failure to end Somalia's civil war.
An informal survey shows French Finance Minister Christine Lagarde appeared poised to become the head of the IMF this week.


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Style Note
Designed keeping in mind the aesthetics of the trendsetting youth of today, this bangle from revv is simple, smart and stylish. Crafted from steel, its shine does not diminish with time, while its classic design and colour combination allow you to pair it with a wide range of ensembles.
Product Details
Copper coloured bangle with stone embellishment
Materials and Care
Wipe with clean dry cloth to remove dust


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Epiglottitis (cont.)
What is the Treatment of Epiglottitis?
Currently, immediate hospitalization is required whenever the diagnosis of epiglottitis is suspected since the person is in danger of sudden and unpredictable closing of the airway. So doctors must establish a secure way for the person to breathe. Antibiotics may be prescribed to the patient.
Epiglottitis Follow-up
Patients should continue taking all antibiotics until the full course is completed. They should keep all follow-up appointments with the doctor. Most people improve significantly before leaving the hospital, so taking the antibiotics and returning to the hospital if there are any problems are the most important parts of follow-up.
Medically Reviewed by a Doctor on 5/26/2016
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Epiglottitis, also termed supraglottitis or epiglottiditis, is an inflammation of structures above the insertion of the glottis.


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