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1UP Club HeadquartersWelcome to 1UP's Clubs home. Here's where you can join, create, and manage clubs on your favorite topics.
Andrew's Clubs (124)
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- Members
THE XBOX 360 CLUBWelcome to 1up's biggest and best Xbox 360 Club. I started this club a long time ago and never thought it would reach as many members as I have right now. I honestely believe that because of my few little rules I have in my club comments that this is one of the main reasons this club has been so succesful. If your not a member come in have a look and if you like what you see then join up.
- 4828
1UP's Blog of the Day1UP has some of the greatest bloggers on the face of the planet. Hands-down. What do you think of our picks for Blog of the Day? Voice your opinions here or suggest some of your own. We're listening...
- 1249
Final Fantasy ClubAnything you want to talk about FF (favourite FF, sequel predictions, chocobos, FF wierdnes...) or any other Square-Enix games.
- 1738
Useless Video Game FactsDid you know that Nintendo as a company is more than 100 years old and used to make playing cards? Or that the original Play Station was supposed to be a cd add on for the Super NES? Well if you have a thirst for useless knowledge of video games or have a useless fact of your own then this is the place to be. Just try to be as accurate as possible.
- 996
CLUB HALO:This is the way the world endsThis club is dedicated to the Halo fan who simply can't get enough of a good game! Feel free to post pictures of your Halo collections and/or adventures! If you love anything and everything HALO... Then this club is for you!
- 488
Final Fantasy Fans UniteThis is for anyone that loves Final Fantasy, that just want to talk about Final Fantasy. If you just want to have a good time, talking about the games you love, this is the club for you! hope to talk to ya ;)
- 1510
Word AssociationType the first word that comes into your mind from the last person's word. No Regular Chatting, No Phrases, and most importantly ONE WORD ONLY! Please read the Rules before playing! Posts will be deleted if moderator deems it inappropriate or not following the rules.
- 579
Does God Exist?Debate the endless debate-does god exist? Post your thoughts and let's have at it!
- 499
Gears of WarFansA club of people who love this game.
- 995
That movie sucked!Bad movies. We've all seen 'em. The only thing good about them is talking with your friends about how much they suck. So, in this club we will talk about crappy movies and laugh about all the stupid shit in them. Any genre, any decade, any language. All bad movies are welcome. Bad quotes from ANY movie are welcome too.
- 688
The 1up Competition ClubRun by 1up members for 1up members this community is full of GREAT COMPETITIONS, TOP PRIZES and ACTIVE MEMBERS! We're bringing the fun back to 1up with a competition once a month that is run for the whole month. There are 12 months in a year so that's 12 competitions, 12 prizes and 12 chances for YOU to win!
- 268
Resident EvilAll about Resident Evil here talk about ur fav char or fav part from the lickers to nemesis u can talk bad about resident evil and all the other good stuff this is a democracy
- 791
*Halo Fanatics* ClubAny news about halo 3, and the movie "Halo". Also tons of great pics on halo related things also, some stuff on xbox 360!
- 578
Addicted to 1UP!*Updated* 8.24.09 It's more addicting than crack! Listen, if you find yourself on 1up 24/7, come here to talk with other people that do the same thing.
- 251
*Banners V.3*The place for banner requests. Two years old and still kickin'. In this club you can request a banner for your profile page or club, get your avatar cleaned up, or request one. This club is the third incarnation of the original *Banners*. Club Exchange Spotlight Award Winner
- 381
Final Fantasy VII ClubNow a proud club of the Square Enix Alliance. This club for people who think Final Fantasy VII is the best or if they just love it. Feel free to say anything you like about Final Fantasy VII. You could also talk about other Square-Enix games but don't forget that this is a FFVII club. Final Fantasy VII stuff should still remain the main subject. Post any crazy rumours you've heard about Final Fantasy VII stuff. Warning: no Final Fantasy hatin fanboys or people dissin' people allowed.
- 342
Philosophers AnonymousThe question separates humankind from all its brothers in the animal kingdom. By simply asking one, he engages innumerable facets of the human condition. The question invites debate; the question posits possibility; the question pinpoints flaws. Here at Philosophers Anonymous, your urge to question and posit can run as freely as it likes (just not into no-no zones). Topics of frequent conversation include the cosmos, God, virtue, society, war, and maybe even breakfast cereal. It's a big wide world out there, anyway.
- 121
*HALO 3 THE BEST*this is a club for all halo fans to join...and just enjoy saying everything good about *halo 3*..enjoy..
- 427
Halo WarsThe first Halo Wars Club. Join and talk about what you hope to see in the game!
- 300
The 1up Blog RingDo you get little or no views a day? Do you love to blog? Well then this is the club for you! Here you just post whenever you've made a new blog, and people are sure to come as long as you visit other peoples pages. You get however much back, that you put in. Happy Blogging ^_^
- 407
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8 reviews | 4.3 out of 5
This spinner works fine and the price is low. But it just does not work at the place I am fishing. It is tailwater after a dam. Maybe I should go for some other lures other than this kind of spinner. I was thinking it is not the functioning of the spinner, it is the problem of not choosing the right lure.
black and yellow is MONEY and for a dollar? i will be buying more!
Have caught alot of fish on these lures and for $1.00 they work great.
This works just fine and was a great price!
looks like it will work great, price was definitely right. just need some more time to get out on the water and test. come back in 60 days
The only reason i gave this 4stars is because the skirt is a little thin. Everything else is great works like it should and bass down here in Florida slam it! No matter the color
great promo. bought several strike king is a trusted brand....

subset: commoncrawl


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SOMERS POINT- Two local ShopRite associates were congratulated for their efforts in collecting donations during National Hunger Awareness Month in September, and putting the community store on the map.
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- Quick Links:
- Blog 'n' Gold
- From 10 to Ben
- Steelers Blog
Ed Bouchette's Steelers chat transcript: 7.26.16
Ed Bouchette answers questions about Le'Veon Bell, training camp and more in his weekly chat with Steelers fans.
Paul Zeise: Steelers linebackers, secondary have questions to answer
The Steelers' pass defense was their Achilles heel last year and will be again this year unless they step up.
Le'Veon Bell on Instagram: 'I'm not going to miss games, trust me'
Steelers running back Le'Veon Bell suggests on Instagram that he will win his appeal against the NFL.
Ray Fittipaldo's Steelers chat transcript: 7.25.16
Ray Fittipaldo answers Steelers questions in his weekly chat with readers.
Steelers roster: offense
Offensive players who will report to Saint Vincent this week and the skinny on each of them.
Steelers roster: defense
Defensive players who will report at Saint Vincent and the skinny on them.
Unfinished business for Steelers: 'If we don't win it this year ... it's on us'
It's Super Bowl or bust for the Steelers in 2016 as they try to win their seventh Lombardi Trophy.
Fan guide to Steelers camp
How to get to Saint Vincent, practice info, autograph tips, places to stay, etc.
Five questions concerning the Steelers entering training camp
Can the high draft picks at outside linebacker produce? Is 30 points per game a realistic goal?
Ron Cook: Le'Veon Bell is latest Steelers player to embarrass ownership, teammates
Steelers' top running back faces four-game suspension from NFL for missing a drug test.
How does Le'Veon Bell's drug suspension affect the Steelers' and his long-term future?
Steelers running back Le'Veon Bell is facing a four-game suspension for violating the NFL's substance abuse policy.
Paul Zeise: Steelers should not offer Le'Veon Bell a new contract
Le'Veon Bell can't stay with the Steelers beyond the end of his current contract because they can't count on him.
Report: Steelers running back Le'Veon Bell faces four-game suspension
Le'Veon Bell is facing a four-game suspension for violating the NFL's substance abuse policy.
'Different but good': Ex-Steelers tight end Miller enjoying retirement
The longtime Steeler has no regrets about retiring following the 2015 season.
Veteran tight end Matt Spaeth fails physical, is released by Steelers
The Steelers have released veteran tight end Matt Spaeth with a failed physical designation one week before they report to training camp.
Gene Collier's all-sports chat transcript: 7.21.16
Columnist Gene Collier discusses sports of all sorts in his weekly chat with readers.
Ray Fittipaldo's Steelers chat transcript: 7.18.16
Ray Fittipaldo answers Steelers questions in his weekly chat with readers.
Speaker Ryan a natural with a Terrible Towel
The speaker courted Pennsylvania's Republican delegates Monday morning.
Ron Cook: Athletes can play an important role in social change
Though professional athletes certainly don't have an obligation to incite societal change, it doesn't hurt for them to try.
Brady decides to drop appeal of 'Deflategate' suspension
On Wednesday, a federal appeals court rejected Brady's attempt to get a new hearing on his "Deflategate" suspension.
Greene asked Steelers to have Hall of Fame ring ceremony at Heinz Field
The linebacker only spent three years in Pittsburgh, but he said Thursday it was the "time of his life."
Gene Collier's all-sports chat transcript: 7.14.16
Gene Collier answers questions about sports of all sorts in his weekly chat with readers.
How valuable are the Steelers?
Twenty-seven of the NFL's 32 teams made the Forbes list of the top-50 most valuable sports teams worldwide.
Brady ruling forces QB practices issues on Patriots
How does a team prepare a backup for the first four games of the season while keeping the regular sharp?
Tom Brady's 'Deflategate' appeal rejected by federal court
NEW YORK — A federal appeals court has rejected Tom Brady's attempt to get a new hearing on his "Deflategate" suspension.
Steelers to honor former linebacker Kevin Greene with Oct. 2 ring ceremony
The Steelers will honor Kevin Greene for his enshrinement into the Pro Football Hall of Fame before their Oct. 2 home game against Chiefs.
In affidavit, James Harrison says he never met, communicated with Charles Sly
The Steelers linebacker's sworn statement to the NFL says he never took the Delta 2 performance enhancing drug.
Ray Fittipaldo's Steelers chat transcript: 7.11.16
Ray Fittipaldo discusses the Steelers in his weekly chat with readers.
Who is the Steelers' best player?
Antonio Brown has the respect of his peers and was voted as the No. 4 player in the NFL. But is he the Steelers' best player?
Gene Collier: Le'Veon Bell's rap makes NFL history
Eventually, all NFL contracts will be launched from rap lyrics.
Ray Fittipaldo's Steelers chat transcript: 7.5.16
Steelers beat writer Ray Fittipaldo answers your questions on Le'Veon Bell, Ryan Shazier and more.
It's a rap: Steelers' Le'Veon Bell reveals contract demands in his newest single
The running back indicates he wants $15 million per season in his next contract.
Ron Cook: Hard not to be intrigued by Steelers linebacker James Harrison
After all that he has done, Harrison wants to let the NFL interview him about performance-enhancing drug use, but only on his terms.
Gene Collier's all-sports chat transcript: 6.30.16
Sports columnist Gene Collier discusses sports of all sorts in his weekly chat.
Steelers' Harrison wants evidence before talking to NFL about PEDs
The NFL Players Association sent a letter on Harrison's behalf to NFL executive Adolpho Birch on Tuesday asking for more information.
Paul Zeise: Show Antonio Brown the money
The Rooneys better get out their check book before walking into any meeting about a contract extension for Antonio Brown
Buddy Ryan, an NFL defensive innovator, dies at 82
Buddy Ryan, pro football's famously combative defensive guru, died Tuesday in Kentucky.
Former Steeler wanted by police on criminal mischief charges
Police plan to arrest former Steeler and artist Baron Batch, who they hold responsible for graffiti at Heritage Trail and Hot Metal Bridge.
Ray Fittipaldo's Steelers chat transcript: 6.27.16
Ray Fittipaldo discusses the Steelers in his weekly chat with readers.
James Harrison: 'I will do an interview, but I'll do it with my stipulations'
In an interview with the Post-Gazette, the linebacker says any meeting must happen at his house with the NFL commissioner present.
Paul Zeise: James Harrison rightfully standing up to NFL
Steelers linebacker James Harrison has taken his fight against the NFL public and seems to be winning.
James Harrison invites Roger Goodell to his house
Steelers linebacker James Harrison will meet with NFL investigators, but it has to be at his house and the commissioner must be there
A humbling road leads Jordan Zumwalt to another chance with Steelers
Injuries sabotaged his chances of making the Steelers' 53-man roster the past two years. He's hoping 2016 is a different story.
NFL to interview Steelers' Harrison, others in PEDs probe
Al-Jazeera America reported allegations by Charlie Sly, who worked as an intern at an anti-aging clinic. But Sly later recanted his claims.
Paul Zeise: Suisham's release a reminder of how tough NFL can be
It's tough to realize that the body you rely on to do things only a few people can do is no longer capable of getting the job done.
Steelers release veteran kicker Suisham, who calls knee injury 'catastrophic'
Suisham injured his knee in the Hall of Fame game last August and missed the entire season after undergoing reconstructive surgery.
Pro coaches ... and families ... often lead a mobile lifestyle
Coming in and out of school districts common for children of coaches.
Paul Zeise: Are the Steelers Super Bowl favorites? Health will play major role
The Sporting News on Wednesday tabbed the Steelers as the favorites to hoist the Lombardi Trophy next season.
Ray Fittipaldo's Steelers chat transcript: 6.20.16
Ray Fittipaldo discusses Steelers minicamp and more in his weekly chat with readers.
'Super dad' Roethlisberger hosts youth football camp on Father's Day
Steelers quarterback Ben Roethlisberger took the hands-on approach at his two-day camp for 400 youths at Bethel Park High School.


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Chat with a trained HopeCoach about any issue you are facing. Chat is open 24/7 and it's safe, private, and free.
Dawson McAllister shares clear thinking and right values with live callers on his radio shows. Listen Now.
The Shine Effect
The Shine Effect is a full-time, energetic 3-piece Christian rock band from Jacksboro, TN striving to answer the call God has placed on their lives to serve Him and minister to others through music. The band consists of Josh Roberts (vocals/guitar), wife Christa Roberts (drums), brother Ben Roberts (bass/vocals), and Ben's wife Maria Roberts (merchandise/lighting/sound)….
Dealing With Abandonment
I've written blogs about physical, sexual, and verbal/emotional abuse, but there is one more kind of abuse I'd like to address…neglect and abandonment. What Is Neglect and Abandonment? You can be considered neglected or abandoned when you don't know where your parents are, if they have left you alone, or have failed to maintain contact…
Adopted Does Not Mean Abandoned
If you have been adopted and have experienced feelings of abandonment, your biological mom (and/or biological dad) might have been trying to give you the best life possible by allowing another family to adopt you. Consider the possibility that they may have chosen adoption out of extreme love; as well as a desire for you to have…
PTSD and Suffering
PTSD and Suffering – David Seligman, guest blog writer for Courage Beyond, shares his experience having PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder) and how he has come to the conclusion that he doesn't like to say he is suffering: I have heard a lot of words used to describe PTSD: "tragic", "heartbreaking", "scary", "pitiful". The more I heard…


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Posted by a client
Contacting Mr. Hanken's office was a great decision. They were very helpful and made me feel comfortable throughout the entire process. I could not be happier with the results. You're in good hands with Scott.
Posted by Ev
When I was faced with a DUI and possession charges I assumed my life was over. As a full time student and worker, with goals to work in humanitarian aid, charges such as these would completely destroy all the ambitions that had. Thankfully, a friend recommended W. Scott Hanken. He able to defend me and help me to continue to pursue my goals, also he was a no candy coat type of guy which is a personality I like in any individual. If you're someone who is looking for a great criminal defense attorney, Scott is by far the easiest choice on the matter.
Posted by a client
This was our first time as a company asking for Scott Hanken's assistance, and we couldn't be any more happy with the outcome of the trial and of his exceptional performance. Not only that, but with the lawyer we typically go through (and pay twice as much for), couldn't even get the ticket's dollar amount lowered as much as Scott did. You can bet that we will be keeping in touch with Scott Hanken for any future requests.
Posted by Jeremy
Mr Hanken made clear that a DUI was not the end of the world and assured me he was going to do everything he could to help me get through the process. He also stated he was going to look into getting the penalty reduced as much as he could. Mr Hanken kept his word. I would recommend him to anyone looking for a DUI attorney!
Posted by a client
Scott was great to work with, a true professional who knows his stuff and when it came to my case, it could have been much worse than it was even for a first offense but he did a great job reducing my charge to a fine and 1 year of court supervision. He was very responsive to me and I always felt like I knew exactly where I stood and was well informed along the way. I would recommend him to anyone at least for the situation I was in, I plan to never need him again, but would suggest using him if you get charged with OUI, BUI, DWI as he was great!!!
Posted by Nick
Mr. Hanken has represented me on a few dui cases. I have been very satisfied with his performance. I have never lost my license, as he has had the offenses reduced to other traffic violations. He was able in all cases to get the summery suspension for not blowing or not submitting to field sobriety tests recended. He offers a realitivly painless representation to an otherwise stressful situation. Court proceedings were also fast and painless with virtually no lost time from work. I would recommend Mr. Hanken for any criminal defense case, especially dui cases.
Posted by a client
When something bad happens like getting a DUI your mind goes crazy and you think about the worst case scenario. I know people that have ended up in the worst case scenario and had an attorney. Not the case with Mr Hanken. He handled it the way he said he would from the beginning. I have recommended him to anyone I know that has had ANY issues (not sure if he appreciates that or not but whatever, lol) with the law. Thanks for everything Mr Hanken.
Posted by a client
Mr. Hanken has helped me with 3 dui cases. He has had 2 of 3 reduced to minor traffic offenses. I never lost my license. He has handled several dui cases for several aquaintances of mine, and every one of them is very happy with him. I have never heard of anyone displeased with his criminal and DUI services. I would strongly recommend using him for any criminal/DUI case.
Posted by a client
Well long story short I was a 16 year old with a summary of suspension and 2 counts of DUI when I walked in to his office. During the consultation he made me comfortable and put me at ease. As I was 16 my parents didn't pay for anything it was all up to me, and Mr. Hanken was verry fair and did everything he went above and beyond em what he promised. He saved my future, he immediately got the summary of suspension thrown out and got me supervision with community service, I have no DUI'S on my record and my insurance did not go up by even one penny. It's worth it in the big picture to hire a attourney like Mr. Hanken that really knows his stuff and is honest and fair. Thank you Mr. Hanken, You literally saved my ass and my future!
Posted by Daniel
I was out with my wife celebrating New Years Eve and even though I had only a couple drinks I was stopped for and charged with a DUI. Horrible way to start the year right! I am a college student so now my future was in question. Scott W. Hanken saved my future and prevented the state from suspending my licence. Now I am able to drive to school and continue my future. I don't have to have one of the bait machines in my vehicle either. Best choice for you to make if you get pulled over for anything is to call Scott W. Hanken he is worth every penny. He will help you!!
The Student


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Loved the room on the 5th floor with the balcony. Room had everything you need including a window in the bathroom and large shower. It was my husband's birthday and they gave him a gift!! The driver from the airport they set up was superb. As was the driver to our car rental. We arrived at 3 am and they were ready and waiting for us. Terrific location, close to Piazza Navona and lots of things to see and do and great restaurants.
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text: Chocolate Cricket Bats by Choc on Choc £8.99$16.09€10.84$12.06 72 customer reviews(72) In stock This item is not available for delivery to United States. International delivery available quantity by Choc on Choc Location: Avon, GB read seller's profile see seller's complete range more items from this seller Chocolate Tea Cups And Cakes by Choc on Choc £8.99$16.09€10.84$12.06 Months Supply Of Chocolate Pills by Choc on Choc £7.99$14.30€9.63$10.72 20% OFF 'Mine, Mine, Yours' Chocolates by Choc on Choc £8.99$16.09€10.84$12.06 £7.19$12.87€8.67$9.65 Sporting Set by Choc on Choc £8.99$16.09€10.84$12.06 Chocolate Five A Day Vegetables by Choc on Choc £9.99$17.88€12.05$13.40 60% OFF Seaside Chocolates by Choc on Choc £8.99$16.09€10.84$12.06 £3.60$6.44€4.34$4.83 view all you may also like PRODUCT DETAILS CUSTOMER REVIEWS DELIVERY RETURNS Made in Britain ask seller a question save for later Handmade chocolate cricket bats. These delicious chocolate cricket bats would make a great present for anyone who likes cricket and appreciates chocolates! Skillfully carved and lovingly handmade by our small team in Somerset from luxury white and dark Belgian chocolate. Unique look and taste will make this slab of chocolate a very special gift to a sports person. Shelf life one year (if you can resist). Gluten free. made from: blend of white and dark Belgian chocolate dimensions: Box size 10x10cm, weight approx 95g product code: 64353 72 customer reviews see more customer reviews read about our product rating system ratings guide trusted independent customer feedbackforum excellent bad good poor This product is dispatched to you by Choc on Choc. MAINLAND UK order now and receive this item by price Standard Delivery Wednesday 3 August £2.75$4.92€3.31$3.69 Tracked Two Day Delivery Wednesday 3 August £6.70$11.99€8.08$8.99 Tracked Next Day Delivery Tuesday 2 August £7.70$13.78€9.28$10.33 Saturday Delivery Saturday 6 August £15.70$28.10€18.93$21.07 NON-MAINLAND UK estimated delivery price Highlands & Islands of Scotland 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £2.75$4.92€3.31$3.69 Northern Ireland 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £2.75$4.92€3.31$3.69 Other UK Islands 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £2.75$4.92€3.31$3.69 INTERNATIONAL DELIVERY estimated delivery price Western Europe 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £11.50$20.58€13.87$15.43 Rest of Europe 5-10 working daysfrom dispatch £11.50$20.58€13.87$15.43 You have 28 days, from receipt of cancellable goods, to notify the seller if you wish to cancel your order or exchange an item. Please note: goods that are personalised, bespoke or made-to-order to your specific requirements, perishable products and personal items sold with a hygiene seal (cosmetics, underwear) in instances where the seal is broken are non-refundable, unless faulty. Read more about our returns policy.Should you choose to return or exchange your order you will need to deliver the item(s) to the UK, where this seller is based. Choc on Choc's return policy Please see notonthehighstreet.com's returns policy.


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1. This is Moo and she is one voluptuous beauty.
2. As you can see, she really knows how to work a camera.
3. Oh, the looking-into-the-distance pose? She's got that.
4. Looking into the OTHER distance with some soft lighting? Yep, she's got that too.
5. She looks great in floral backdrops as she contemplates.
6. Fierce as hell, she sent in her headshots for NYFW.
7. This one opened up her portfolio so she's still unsure why she hasn't been called back.
8. She has the quality desired by many models: the ability to blend in…
9. …and the power to stand out.
10. Let's stop for a second and admire those gams.
11. Sometimes she has to hide her assets so she can show off her other features. In this case, her eyes.
12. She's responsible for bringing pinks, corals, and — we'll say it — sexy back year after year.
13. Karl, she's still awaiting your phone call.
Preview Your Response
In The News Today
- Hillary Clinton has picked Virginia Sen. Tim Kaine as her running mate. He was considered a favorite for the ticket.
- At least 10 people, including the gunman, are dead after a shooting at a mall in Munich, Germany.
- ISIS has claimed responsibility for a bombing Saturday that killed at least 80 people in Afghanistan.


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*image shown is 5 x 8 or larger rug
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Additional 10% discount will be applied in cart once discount code is entered.
Name: Oasis Rainbow Multi Color
Manufacturer: Couristan Rugs
Collection: Oasis
Material: Wool
Construction: Hand Made
Thickness: approx. 0.5 in
Colors: Yellow/Golds , Blues
Made in: India
Description: Each design offered in this unique transitional collection carefully harmonizes the clean, distinctive appearance of nature-inspired designs with the rich, sensuous feelings of a brilliant color palette. Surely to become a statement of style for the floors of today's most fashionable transitional and contemporary room-settings, these rugs offer an extra heavy luxurious pile that is constructed of 100% semi-twisted Virgin wool. (Oasis Rainbow Multi Color - Hand Made Wool Rugs from Couristan)
Other Related Patterns You Will
Related products are usually selected because they employ the same materials and colours of the product featured above but in different patterns and therefore are often perfect for use in the same or adjacent rooms.


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Shop & Donate at the Same Time!
Whatever you're shopping for this month, if you do it on Amazon.com, you can also help AAVS and the animals. AmazonSmile is a simple way for you to support AAVS every time you shop, at no cost to you or … Continue reading


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Sept. 11 Panel: CIA Ignored Al Qaeda for Years
The CIA and other intelligence agencies were too slow to recognize and describe the threat posed by al Qaeda, and failed to warn other government agencies properly, according to findings by the Sept. 11 commission. But CIA Director George Tenet and FBI Director Robert Mueller warn some of the panel's proposed reforms might make things worse. Hear NPR's Larry Abramson.
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Today's Events
Third Annual Jewish Film Festival at Jewish Community Center
The Midnight Orchestra, the story of the son of a once famous Jewish musician, Marcel Botbol. Directed by Jérôme Cohen Olivar.
Star Party at Oak Flat Picnic Grounds
Battle Of The Bands Round III • variety at The Jam SpotMore Recommended Events ››
Kombat Kitty at Stoneface • 7.29.2016


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Pratt Community College will have a summer operating schedule starting May 23, 2016.
PCC Summer 2016 Hours
May 23-July 29, 2016
M-T 7:45a-5:15p and F 8-1p
Admissions Check Sheet
When getting ready for college there are many steps a student has to take.
Below is a list of what needs to be completed and in what order.
Click the file below for a printable version of the check sheet


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Decided to take a spontaneous trip up to Huntington Lake having never been there before. I was surprised to be able to get a reservation at the last minute. We LOVE this spot and will now be working it into our family vacation getaway routines. First, Huntington Lake is gorgeous and it's hard to beat the natural beauty of the place. But we really enjoyed where we stayed at Lakeshore Resort.
It should be stated that if the term "resort" makes you think of luxury accommodations like Club Med, this place is NOT for you (I read a previous review complaining about a spider. Really?! Seriously?! SMH). This is a real mountain community with all the joys that go with it (that includes not just natural beauty and fresh air, but yes, gasp! Insects and dirt). The cabins are rustic (which is precisely their charm). Think camping, but without having to haul all your crap (to me that's luxury!)
We had one of the smallest cabins (A10) that did not have a kitchen, because I didn't plan on cooking and there's no need to because there is a full restaurant there. Most cabins DO have a kitchen, and in retrospect, I do think we'll book one of those next to save some money on eating out for each meal. The food and service was good. The dinner menu a bit spendy though.
They also have a store with pretty much anything you might need or forgot (but you will pay small store prices (as appropriate). For a more planned trip, I will definitely bring snacks and drinks as it adds up pretty fast to shop there.
There is also a saloon. We did not go there, but it appeared to be quite the happening place (but not in an overly loud or obnoxious way.) On a different trip with friends, I think it might be fun to stop in.
Each cabin has a spot (or often deck) for sitting outside (with chairs provided), as well as an outside fire pit so you can have a camp fire, roast marshmallows, or sing Kumbaya (ha!) if you like. But when it's all said and done, you can take a hot shower and sleep in a bed.
Every cabin is different, and I suggest you spend some time examining all the photos of each one on their website. Some are older and more rustic (which I like) others are newer and offer a more modern charm.
The one comment that I agree with is that there is an area where large machinery is parked/stored and another area where there is a stockpile of what looks like old appliances from a remodel of the restaurant kitchen. This DOES take away from the natural beauty of the place. I realize the equipment is necessary to maintain the place....but maybe a more strategic parking spot (or perhaps a built up blind?) would help. As to the old appliances....I can't imagine they would be saving them for anything, get a scrap metal company to come and pick them up! Just a thought ;)
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- Lakeshore Hotel Lakeshore


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Reporting to the Oncology Nurse Educator Director, the Oncology Nurse Educator will implement the Oncology Nurse Educator Strategy, the commercial IO Franchise marketing plan, and product education plans to community institutions, hospitals, health...
We are pushing scientific boundaries. Join us in Oncology Sales and see what science can do. You can work anywhere. But in Oncology at AstraZeneca you can be remembered as an originator. An innovator. A pioneer. A leader. AstraZeneca is a place where...


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- Windows (12)
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Password Safe
Popular easy-to-use and secure password manager3,580 weekly downloads
ZK - Simply Ajax and Mobile
Ajax+Mobile Java Web framework. With 200+ Ajax components and event-driven, Ajax/RIA apps are as effortless and rich as desktop apps and HTML/XUL pages. Support JSP/JSF/JavaEE/Spring, Ajax Push and Client-fusion; also Java/Groovy/Python/JavaScript.415 weekly downloads
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eMule Plus is an evolution of the original eMule project, created to improve its abilities and features, in both work efficiency and user interface.2,372 weekly downloads
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professional CRM and groupware service, ready for the cloud340 weekly downloads
GPS Datalogger Device Control
i-Blue 747 / i-Blue 757 / Qstarz BT-Q1000 / i.Trek Z1 / Konet BGL-32 / Holux M-241 / ... control SW (for Java Phones, PalmOS, WinCe (PPC), Java platforms, Windows, Linux, and MacOS). Compatible with most MTK GPS Chipset based loggers.290 weekly downloads
PHP Address Book
Simple, web-based address & phone book250 weekly downloads
Modular, touch screen friendly navigation system with GPS tracking, realtime routing engine and support for various vector map formats. Works on a wide range of devices, from computers to smartphones.139 weekly downloads
jTarot personal advisor
jTarot is a tarot personal advisor. jTarot will do a "reading" for you when you need advice. A reading displays a number of cards and then describes what these cards mean. You take the reading and apply the meanings of the cards to your situation.3 weekly downloads
OpenChess for PalmOS
OpenChess is a Chess game, Opening Trainer and Chess data base for the PalmOS platform. It supports Palm devices with OS 3.0 and above and uses separate layouts for Grayscale, Color and HiRes (OS5 and Sony Clié OS4) devices.2 weekly downloads
ackerTodo is a web-based todo list manager which supports multiple users, recurring tasks, multiple languages, categories and much more! It's written in PHP/MySQL.1 weekly downloads
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Jewish prayer times1 weekly downloads
The TrainPlanner is a program to find public transport routes with you mobile phone. The plans the application uses have to be added to the MIDLet. To do that there is a J2SE Application where you can create Plans and finaly bundle them to the Midlet.1 weekly downloads
Mobber is a mobile communicator based on the Jabber protocol for cell phones with GPRS. It is written in java (MID Profile Version 1.0) - should work on any device that supports Java (it was tested on Siemens CX65 and phone emulators available for Linux)


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Garlic-Pepper Steaks
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Pepper-Garlic Strip Steaks
Grilled Balsamic- and Roasted Garlic-Marinated Steak
Espresso-Rubbed Steaks
Grilled Steaks with Chipotle Butter
A robust pepper rub on the beef is a nice contrast to slightly sweet caramelized onions.
You don't have to give up red meat to eat a healthful diet. Beef contains iron, folic acid, and vitamin B-12.
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Free personalized radio that
plays the music you love
Tu Vas A Volar
Features of This Trackmale lead vocals
minor key tonality
danceable grooves
acoustic instrumentation
accordion (or bandoneon) playing
hand drums
These are just a few of the hundreds of attributes cataloged for this track by the Music Genome Project.show more
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nice song .. arriba el ballenato <3 ;-)
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Hello All!
I'm seeking help and suggestions for how to move one of my multisites to its own independent location. Why? Privacy- 2 of my 3 sites are business sites, and the 3rd, which I want to move, is personal.
Here is my current setup:
> Multisite with domain mapping
> Each site has its own domain
> Shared server- subdomain installation
The personal site I want to move will retain its current domain name. Unless someone has a better suggestion, I'm inclined to copy all my posts and pages and permalinks, delete the site and rebuild it on a new account and installation with my shared host. It's a little starter site, so there won't be much rebuilding to do, but it will still be time consuming. But I sure am open to an easier, simpler way of doing this!


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But what is the nature of the causal process by which emotion drives thought and behavior? I argue that it is a form of downward causation, of a sort that occurs in many hierarchical systems. Consider a neutrally buoyant balloon filled with gas and hanging in a room. If the balloon as a whole is moved -- say 2 inches to the left -- this large-scale movement causes all of the gas molecules within it (as well as the molecules in the plastic skin of the balloon) to move, on average, 2 inches to the left. A similar sort of top-down causation occurs, it seems, in the emotion-behavior and emotion-thought relationship. The evidence is that these relationships seem to follow certain key principles of hierarchy theory. 1. Rates. Lower levels move quickly relative to the higher level. The gas molecules in a balloon typically move quickly relative to the balloon as a whole. Likewise, thought and behavior are fast relative to change in emotional state. 2. Causal asymmetry. Lower-level units cannot, as individuals, much affect the higher level. A single gas molecule cannot much affect a whole balloon. Likewise, individual thoughts and behaviors ordinarily do not much affect an emotion. Rather, an emotion hovers more or less unchanging, in the background, while thoughts and behaviors aimed at satisfying that emotion play out. 3. Vagueness. Lower-level units do not directly interact with higher levels and therefore "perceive" them only "vaguely." Thus, thoughts and behaviors are clear and distinct, but we perceive our emotions only vaguely. 4. Downward causation. Higher levels exert their causal influence on lower-level units via boundary conditions, and therefore higher-level control is not precise, with the result that lower-level units have considerable freedom. Consistent with this, in two similar higher-level systems, the sequence of behaviors of lower-level units could be very different. The movements of individual gas molecules in two very similar balloons will be very different. Likewise, the same emotion, the same motivation, in two different people is consistent with their thinking and behaving very differently. (Although presumably some very general similarities can be found. To the extent that the two share the same emotion, the goals they are pursuing are similar. Analogously, the movements of the gas molecules in the balloon share a general similarity, in that they all move two inches to the left on average.)
My past work has been mainly on large-scale evolutionary trends, that is, trends that include a number of higher taxa and that span a large portion of the history of life. Features that have been said to show such trends include complexity, size, fitness, and others. In my research, I worked mainly on developing operational measures of these features, devising methods for testing empirically whether trends have occurred, and studying the causes and correlates of trends. Most of this work so far has been on trends in complexity. In a recent book (Biology's First Law 2010) with the philosopher Robert Brandon, we argue that complexity change in evolution is partly governed by what we call the Zero-Force Evolutionary Law (ZFEL). The law says that in the absence of selection and constraint, complexity – in the sense of differentiation among parts – will tend to increase. Further, we argue, even when forces and constraints are present, a tendency for complexity to increase is always present. The rationale is simply that in the absence of selection or constraint, the parts of an organism will tend spontaneously to accumulate variation, and therefore to become more different from each other. Thus, for example, in a multicellular organism, in the absence of selection and constraint, the degree of differentiation among cells should increase, leading eventually to an increase in the number of cell types. As we argue in the book, the law applies at all hierarchical levels (molecules, organelles, cells, etc.). It also applies above the level of the organism, to differences among individuals in populations, and to differences among species and among higher taxa. In other words, the ZFEL says that diversity also tends spontaneously to increase. The ZFEL is universal, applying to all evolutionary lineages, at all times, in all places, everywhere life occurs. A consequence is that any complete evolutionary explanation for change in complexity or diversity will necessarily include the ZFEL as one component.
Other interests include the philosophy of biology generally. (See my textbook coauthored with philosopher Alex Rosenberg, Philosophy Of Biology: A Contemporary Introduction 2009.) More specifically: 1. The connections among the various evolutionary forces acting on animal form -- functional, formal, and phylogenetic. 2. Animal psychology generally. 3. The relationship between morality and human nature.
How shall we understand apparently teleological systems? What explains their persistence (returning to past trajectories following errors) and their plasticity (finding the same trajectory from different starting points)? Here I argue that all seemingly goal-directed systems-e. g., a food-seeking organism, human-made devices like thermostats and torpedoes, biological development, human goal seeking, and the evolutionary process itself-share a common organization. Specifically, they consist of an entity that moves within a larger containing structure, one that directs its behavior in a general way without precisely determining it. If so, then teleology lies within the domain of the theory of compositional hierarchies. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
The view that complexity increases in evolution is uncontroversial, yet little is known about the possible causes of such a trend. One hypothesis, the Zero Force Evolutionary Law (ZFEL), predicts a strong drive toward complexity, although such a tendency can be overwhelmed by selection and constraints. In the absence of strong opposition, heritable variation accumulates and complexity increases. In order to investigate this claim, we evaluate the gross morphological complexity of laboratory mutants in Drosophila melanogaster, which represent organisms that arise in a context where selective forces are greatly reduced. Complexity was measured with respect to part types, shape, and color over two independent focal levels. Compared to the wild type, we find that D. melanogaster mutants are significantly more complex. When the parts of mutants are categorized by degree of constraint, we find that weakly constrained parts are significantly more complex than more constrained parts. These results support the ZFEL hypothesis. They also represent a first step in establishing the domain of application of the ZFEL and show one way in which a larger empirical investigation of the principle might proceed.
The history of life is punctuated by a number of major transitions in hierarchy, defined here as the degree of nestedness of lower-level individuals within higher-level ones: the combination of single-celled prokaryotic cells to form the first eukaryotic cell, the aggregation of single eukaryotic cells to form complex multicellular organisms, and finally, the association of multicellular organisms to form complex colonial individuals. These transitions together constitute one of the most salient and certain trends in the history of life, in particular, a trend in maximum hierarchical structure, which can be understood as a trend in complexity. This trend could be produced by a biased mechanism, in which increases in hierarchy are more likely than decreases, or by an unbiased one, in which increases and decreases are about equally likely. At stake is whether or not natural selection or some other force acts powerfully over the history of life to drive complexity upward. Too few major transitions are known to permit rigorous statistical discrimination of trend mechanisms based on these transitions alone. However, the mechanism can be investigated by using "minor transitions" in hierarchy, or, in other words, changes in the degree of individuation of the upper level. This study tests the null hypothesis that the probability (or rate) of increase and decrease in individuation are equal in a phylogenetic context. We found published phylogenetic trees for clades spanning minor transitions across the tree of life and identified changes in character states associated with those minor transitions. We then used both parsimony- and maximum-likelihood-based methods to test for asymmetrical rates of character evolution. Most analyses failed to reject equal rates of hierarchical increase and decrease. In fact, a bias toward decreasing complexity was observed for several clades. These results suggest that no strong tendency exists for hierarchical complexity to increase. © 2007 The Paleontological Society. All rights reserved.
This paper -- now in press at Paleobiology -- is the culmination of about three years of work by my (now former) postdoc, Jon Marcot, and me. The project was funded by two major (for me) grants (NASA and NSF). The results undermine one aspect of the conventional wisdom about evolutionary trends in complexity, in particular, trends in hierarchical complexity, the integration of lower-level units (e.g., cells) to form higher-level wholes (e.g., multicellular individuals). The conventional wisdom holds that the trend is driven by natural selection, so that increases are, and ought to be, more frequent than decreases. Our study examined hierarchical transitions over four levels of organization, from bacterium to colony/society, using state-of-the-art phylogenetic methods. And no upward tendency was found. Decreases in complexity -- losses of hierarchy -- abound in evolution, and on average are as common as increases! The trend would appear to be a sort that is called passive. In one version of this mechanism, the trend arises as a result of passive diffusion away from a lower bound, a lower limit on hierarchy (perhaps the bacterial level).
The eye and brain: standard thinking is that these devices are both complex and functional. They are complex in the sense of having many different types of parts, and functional in the sense of having capacities that promote survival and reproduction. Standard thinking says that the evolution of complex functionality proceeds by the addition of new parts, and that this build-up of complexity is driven by selection, by the functional advantages of complex design. The standard thinking could be right, even in general. But alternatives have not been much discussed or investigated, and the possibility remains open that other routes may not only exist but may be the norm. Our purpose here is to introduce a new route to functional complexity, a route in which complexity starts high, rising perhaps on account of the spontaneous tendency for parts to differentiate. Then, driven by selection for effective and efficient function, complexity decreases over time. Eventually, the result is a system that is highly functional and retains considerable residual complexity, enough to impress us. We try to raise this alternative route to the level of plausibility as a general mechanism in evolution by describing two cases, one from a computational model and one from the history of life. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York.
A simple principle predicts a tendency, or vector, toward increasing organismal complexity in the history of life: As the parts of an organism accumulate variations in evolution, they should tend to become more different from each other. In other words, the variance among the parts, or what I call the "internal variance" of the organism, will tend to increase spontaneously. Internal variance is complexity, I argue, albeit complexity in a purely structural sense, divorced from any notion of function. If the principle is correct, this tendency should exist in all lineages, and the resulting trend (if there is one) will be driven, or more precisely, driven by constraint (as opposed to selection). The existence of a trend is uncertain, because the internal-variance principle predicts only that the range of options offered up to selection will be increasingly complex, on average. And it is unclear whether selection will enhance this vector, act neutrally, or oppose it, perhaps negating it. The vector might also be negated if variations producing certain kinds of developmental truncations are especially common in evolution. Constraint-driven trends - or what I ca ll large-scale trends of the fourth kind - have been in bad odor in evolutionary studies since the Modern Synthesis. Indeed, one such trend, orthogenesis, is famous for having been discredited. In Stephen Jay Gould's last book, The Structure of Evolutionary Thought, he tried to rehabilitate this category (although not orthogenesis), showing how constraint-driven trends could be produced by processes well within the mainstream of contemporary evolutionary theory. The internal-variance principle contributes to Gould's project by adding another candidate trend to this category. © 2005 The Paleontological Society. All rights reserved.
Wants, preferences, and cares are physical things or events, not ideas or propositions, and therefore no chain of pure logic can conclude with a want, preference, or care. It follows that no pure-logic machine will ever want, prefer, or care. And its behavior will never be driven in the way that deliberate human behavior is driven, in other words, it will not be motivated or goal directed. Therefore, if we want to simulate human-style interactions with the world, we will need to first understand the physical structure of goal-directed systems. I argue that all such systems share a common nested structure, consisting of a smaller entity that moves within and is driven by a larger field that contains it. In such systems, the smaller contained entity is directed by the field, but also moves to some degree independently of it, allowing the entity to deviate and return, to show the plasticity and persistence that is characteristic of goal direction. If all this is right, then human want-driven behavior probably involves a behavior-generating mechanism that is contained within a neural field of some kind. In principle, for goal directedness generally, the containment can be virtual, raising the possibility that want-driven behavior could be simulated in standard computational systems. But there are also reasons to believe that goal-direction works better when containment is also physical, suggesting that a new kind of hardware may be necessary.
Characterizing internal variance as complexity needs justification, because in colloquial usage, complexity connotes so much more. A complex organism is ordinarily understood to be not just more internally varied, or more differentiated, but more capable as well. The human brain is thought to be complex not simply because it has many cell types, but because of its impressive functional capabilities, because of what it can do. Thus, as conventionally understood, complexity depends on both structure and function. However, in biology, a narrower view has been adopted, herein complexity refers to number of part types, or degree of differentiation among parts. Complexity has other aspects besides number of part types. For example, there is complexity of spatial arrangement of parts, a kind of second-order complexity (where number of part types is first order), and number of types of connections among parts. The chapter introduces three simple models to illustrate the internal-variance principle and also to reveal its robustness. In each successive model, the variations introduced are more finely tuned in such a way as to negate or overcome the internal-variance principle. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Toothed whales (order Cetacea: suborder Odontoceti) are highly encephalized, possessing brains that are significantly larger than expected for their body sizes. In particular, the odontocete superfamily Delphinoidea (dolphins, porpoises, belugas, and narwhals) comprises numerous species with encephalization levels second only to modern humans and greater than all other mammals. Odontocetes have also demonstrated behavioral faculties previously only ascribed to humans and, to some extent, other great apes. How did the large brains of odontocetes evolve? To begin to investigate this question, we quantified and averaged estimates of brain and body size for 36 fossil cetacean species using computed tomography and analyzed these data along with those for modern odontocetes. We provide the first description and statistical tests of the pattern of change in brain size relative to body size in cetaceans over 47 million years. We show that brain size increased significantly in two critical phases in the evolution of odontocetes. The first increase occurred with the origin of odontocetes from the ancestral group Archaeoceti near the Eocene-Oligocene boundary and was accompanied by a decrease in body size. The second occurred in the origin of Delphinoidea only by 15 million years ago.
The maximum degree of hierarchical structure of organisms has risen over the history of life, notably in three transitions: the origin of the eukaryotic cell from symbiotic associations of prokaryotes; the emergence of the first multicellular individuals from clones of eukaryotic cells; and the origin of the first individuated colonies from associations of multicellular organisms. The trend is obvious in the fossil record, but documenting it using a high-resolution hierarchy scale reveals three puzzles: 1) the rate of origin of new levels accelerates, at least until the early Phanerozoic; 2) after that, the trend may slow or even stop; and 3) levels may sometimes arise out of order. The three puzzles and their implications are discussed; a possible explanation is offered for the first.
A hypothesis has been advanced recently predicting that, in evolution, as higher-level entities arise from associations of lower-level organisms, and as these entities acquire the ability to feed, reproduce, defend themselves, and so on, the lower-level organisms will tend to lose much of their internal complexity (McShea 2001a). In other words, in hierarchical transitions, there is a drain on numbers of part types at the lower level. One possible rationale is that the transfer of functional demands to the higher level renders many part types at the lower level useless, and thus their loss in evolution is favored by selection for economy. Here, a test is conducted at the cell level, comparing numbers of part types in free-living eukaryotic cells (protists) and the cells of metazoans and land plants. Differences are significant and consistent with the hypothesis, suggesting that tests at other hierarchical levels may be worthwhile.
Colonial organisms vary in the degree to which they are individuated at the colony level, i.e., in the degree to which the colony constitutes a unified whole, as opposed to a group of independent lower-level entities. Various arguments have been offered suggesting that evolutionary change along this continuum may be biased, that increases may be more probable than decreases. However, counterarguments can be devised, and the existing evidence is meager and inconclusive. In this paper, we demonstrate how the question can be addressed empirically by conducting a test for bias in a group of stenolaemate bryozoans, the cyclostomes. More specifically, we suggest three criteria for colony individuation: degree of connectedness among lower-level entities (in this case, zooids), degree of differentiation among lower-level entities, and number of intermediate-level parts. And we show these criteria can be used together with a phylogeny and ancestral-state reconstruction methods to test for bias. In this case, results do not unambiguously support any single interpretation but are somewhat supportive of a null hypothesis of no bias in favor of increase. As part of the demonstration, we also show how results can be transformed into a quantitative estimate of an upper limit on bias. Finally, we place the question of bias in a larger context, arguing that the same criteria and methods we employ here can be used to test for bias in other colonial taxa, and also at other hierarchical levels, for example, in the transitions from free-living eukaryotic cells to multicellular organisms.
The history of life shows a clear trend in hierarchical organization, revealed by the successive emergence of organisms with ever greater numbers of levels of nestedness and greater development, or 'individuation', of the highest level. Various arguments have been offered which suggest that the trend is the result of a directional bias, or tendency, meaning that hierarchical increases are more probable than decreases among lineages, perhaps because hierarchical increases are favoured, on average, by natural selection. Further, what little evidence exists seems to point to a bias: some major increases are known-including the origin of the eukaryotic cell from prokaryotic cells and of animals, fungi and land plants from solitary eukaryotic cells - but no major decreases (except in parasitic and commensal organisms), at least at the cellular and multicellular levels. The fact of a trend, combined with the arguments and evidence, might make a bias seem beyond doubt, but here I argue that its existence is an open empirical question. Further, I show how testing is possible.
The degree of hierarchical structure of organisms-the number of levels of nesting of lower-level entities within higher-level individuals-has apparently increased a number of times in the history of life, notably in the origin of the eukaryotic cell from an association of prokaryotic cells, of multicellular organisms from clones of eukaryotic cells, and of intergrated colonies from aggregates of multicellular individuals. Arranged in order of first occurrence, these three transitions suggest a trend, in particular a trend in the maximum, or an increase in the degree of hierarchical structure present in the hierarchically deepest organism on Earth. However, no rigorous documentation of such a trend-based on operational and consistent criteria for hierarchical levels-has been attempted. Also, the trajectory of increase has not been examined in any detail. One limitation is that no hierarchy scale has been developed with sufficient resolution to document more than these three major increases. Here, a higher-resolution scale is proposed in which hierarchical structure is decomposed into levels and sublevels, with levels reflecting number of layers of nestedness, and sublevels reflecting degree of individuation at the highest level. The scale is then used, together with the body-fossil record, to plot the trajectory of the maximum. Two alternative interpretations of the record are considered, and both reveal a long-term trend extending from the Archean through the early Phanerozoic. In one, the pattern of increase was incremental, with almost all sublevels arising precisely in order. The data also raise the possibility that waiting times for transitions between sublevels may have decreased with increasing hierarchical level (and with time). These last two findings-incremental increase in level and decreasing waiting times-are tentative, pending a study of possible biases in the fossil record.
Insect societies colonies of ants, bees, wasps and termites--vary enormously in their social complexity. Social complexity is a broadly used term that encompasses many individual and colony-level traits and characteristics such as colony size, polymorphism and foraging strategy. A number of earlier studies have considered the relationships among various correlates of social complexity in insect societies; in this review, we build upon those studies by proposing additional correlates and show how all correlates can be integrated in a common explanatory framework. The various correlates are divided among four broad categories (sections). Under 'polyphenism' we consider the differences among individuals, in particular focusing upon 'caste' and specialization of individuals. This is followed by a section on 'totipotency' in which we consider the autonomy and subjugation of individuals. Under this heading we consider various aspects such as intracolony conflict, worker reproductive potential and physiological or morphological restrictions which limit individuals' capacities to perform a range of tasks or functions. A section entitled 'organization of work' considers a variety of aspects, e.g. the ability to tackle group, team or partitioned tasks, foraging strategies and colony reliability and efficiency. A final section, 'communication and functional integration', considers how individual activity is coordinated to produce an integrated and adaptive colony. Within each section we use illustrative examples drawn from the social insect literature (mostly from ants, for which there is the best data) to illustrate concepts or trends and make a number of predictions concerning how a particular trait is expected to correlate with other aspects of social complexity. Within each section we also expand the scope of the arguments to consider these relationships in a much broader sense of'sociality' by drawing parallels with other 'social' entities such as multicellular individuals, which can be understood as 'societies' of cells. The aim is to draw out any parallels and common causal relationships among the correlates. Two themes run through the study. The first is the role of colony size as an important factor affecting social complexity. The second is the complexity of individual workers in relation to the complexity of the colony. Consequently, this is an ideal opportunity to test a previously proposed hypothesis that 'individuals of highly social ant species are less complex than individuals from simple ant species' in light of numerous social correlates. Our findings support this hypothesis. In summary, we conclude that, in general, complex societies are characterized by large colony size, worker polymorphism, strong behavioural specialization and loss of totipotency in its workers, low individual complexity, decentralized colony control and high system redundancy, low individual competence, a high degree of worker cooperation wher tackling tasks, group foraging strategies, high tempo, multi-chambered tailor-made nests, high functional integration, relatively greater use of cues and modulatory signals to coordinate individuals and heterogeneous patterns of worker-worker interaction.
The functional complexity, or the number of functions, of organisms has figured prominently in certain theoretical and empirical work in evolutionary biology. Large-scale trends in functional complexity and correlations between functional complexity and other variables, such as size, have been proposed. However, the notion of number of functions has also been operationally intractable, in that no method has been developed for counting functions in an organism in a systematic and reliable way. Thus, studies have had to rely on the largely unsupported assumption that number of functions can be measured indirectly, by using number of morphological, physiological, and behavioral partsas a proxy. Here, a model is developed that supports this assumption. Specifically, the model predicts that few parts will have many functions overlapping in them, and therefore the variance in number of functions per part will be low. If so, then number of parts is expected to be well correlated with number of functions, and we can use part counts as proxies for function counts in comparative studies of organisms, even when part counts are low. Also discussed briefly is a strategy for identifying certain kinds of parts in organisms in a systematic way.
Historically, a great many features of organisms have been said to show a trend over the history of life, and many rationales for such trends have been proposed. Here I review eight candidates, eight 'live hypotheses' that are inspiring research on largest-scale trends today: entropy, energy intensiveness, evolutionary versatility, developmental depth, structural depth, adaptedness, size, and complexity. For each, the review covers the principal arguments that have been advanced for why a trend is expected, as well as some of the empirical approaches that have been adopted. Also discussed are three conceptual matters arising in connection with trend studies: 1. Alternative bases for classifying trends: pattern versus dynamics; 2. alternative modes in which largest-scale trends have been studied: 'exploratory' versus 'skeptical'; and 3. evolutionary progress.


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Orientation for first-year students is mandatory and will be held on Saturday, January 9, 2016 and is mandatory for first-year students. It will include skills-building workshops, social programming aimed at building camaraderie, and a variety of other activities geared toward helping you navigate your first semester. Please carefully review the information below to help you prepare for your arrival, the Orientation program, and the first week of classes. If you have questions about Orientation or the information on this page, please contact Lisa Robinson, the Assistant Dean of Student Affairs and Pro Bono Programs, at email@example.com, or Dean Harrison-Mercer, the Associate Dean of Student Affairs and Pro Bono Programs, at email@example.com or firstname.lastname@example.com.
Associate Dean's Welcome
Dear Students,
Welcome to Atlanta's John Marshall Law School! We hope that Orientation will accurately preview the first-year experience and help to prepare you for one of the most intellectually challenging and rewarding experiences of your legal career. If you aspire to make a difference and to be an agent of change, John Marshall is the right choice for you. I look forward to meeting you at Orientation and to you becoming part of the John Marshall legacy of producing high-quality lawyers with a desire to make a difference. Best of luck, and I look forward to seeing you soon!
Dean Harrison-Mercer, Associate Dean of Student Affairs and Pro Bono Programs
SBA President's Welcome
Greetings Class of 2018,
It is an honor and a privilege for me to congratulate each of you for pursuing your aspirations and demonstrating the courage necessary to take this significant first step in your journey to attain a legal education. On behalf of the Student Bar Association (SBA) at Atlanta's John Marshall Law School, I welcome you to our close-knit community. Have no doubt that you made the right decision.
Attending Atlanta's John Marshall Law School has been one of the most inspiring and gratifying experiences of my life. I have been able to form meaningful relationships with students, professors, administrators and alumni that will endure for years to come. I will not tell you that this journey has been easy, because it has not. But, every sacrifice has been worth it, and every challenge has been fulfilling. I am confident that you are all prepared for this challenge, and that all of you possess the requisite fortitude to overcome any obstacle in pursuit of your goal. I encourage you to contact me if you have any concerns regarding the law school. Be on the lookout for important dates and activities. Make the most of all the opportunities that are presented to you while in law school.
Again, I would like to welcome you and I wish all of you the very best of luck.
Travis O. Foreman, 2016 Student Bar Association, President 2015 – 2016
Orientation Schedule
January 2016 Orientation (updated 1/5/16)
Family and Friends Day
Adjusting to law school can be difficult without the support of your friends and family. In recognition of that, we want to make sure your friends and family members know what to expect and are well-prepared to assist you as embark upon this new journey. To that end, on Saturday, January 9th, at 11:30 a.m., we will host a session for immediate family members and significant others on "How to Support Your Law Student." We encourage you to invite your immediate family and/or significant others to participate in this educational program. This program will be held in room 710. All family members and significant others who attend this session are welcome to join you for lunch in the Student Lounge at 1:00 p.m.
Convocation on Professionalism
As part of the Convocation on Professionalism, Judge Bridgette Campbell will administer the Law School's Honor Code Pledge. As part of this ceremony, you will pledge your support for the Law School's Codes of Honor and Responsibility. The materials needed for this program are located in the link below; please review the materials prior to Orientation. Additionally, please review the Law School's Code of Student Responsibility and Honor Code before you come to Orientation. You will also be asked during this program to recertify that the information contained in your admission application is accurate. Please review your admission application before Orientation to make sure everything in it is accurate. Failure to update your application in timely fashion may result in disciplinary action being taken against you.
Convocation Materials (updated 1/5/16)
Code of Student Responsibility
During Orientation, you will attend a variety of events that will vary in their degrees of formality. Please dress in business attire (dark suits and ties for men and dark suits for women).
Getting to Orientation
Atlanta's John Marshall Law School is located at 1422 West Peachtree Street in the heart of Midtown Atlanta at the junction of two major interstate highways. Because of our location, the school is easily accessible to students in metropolitan Atlanta and in northern and central Georgia. Parking is free during Orientation. If you drive, you should park in our parking deck, which is located at the intersection of 18th Street and Spring Street. Please click on the link below for directions to the Law School using surrounding interstates and MARTA.
Attendance at Orientation is required for all incoming students. Below, you will find the link to the Academic Calendar for the 2015-2016 academic year. Classes begin on Monday, January 11, 2016.
The Michael J. Lynch Law Library at Atlanta's John Marshall Law School is one of the fastest growing libraries in the area. Our library provides students and faculty with access to all legal materials necessary to learn the methodology of legal research and to conduct the research essential to legal practice and scholarship. The library will be open during the week of Orientation for students to prepare for classes and Orientation. The library is located on the fourth floor of the Law School. For additional information on resources available in the library, please visit the Michael J. Lynch Law Library webpage.
Library Hours, Access to the Computer Lab
To prepare for Orientation, you will need computer access. To assist you in that regard, the Law School's Computer Labs, located on the fourth and fifth floors of the Library, will be open during the following hours the week of Orientation:
Thursday, January 7th: 1:00 pm – 6:00 pm
Friday, January 8th: 1:00 pm – 6:00 pm
If you currently do not have access to a computer or believe you might have difficulty accessing the Orientation material online, please take advantage of the computer lab's hours. Please keep in mind that it will take you several days to read the Orientation material critically and prepare for Orientation. So that you will not be unprepared, please begin reading the material and working on your assignments immediately.
Student IDs
Each student must have a student identification card. Photos for these cards will be taken in the library at the end of the Orientation program. Your ID will be made available to you after your photo is taken.
Student Health Insurance
Atlanta's John Marshall Law School does not require proof of insurance but encourages our students to maintain a health insurance policy. The Affordable Health Care Act allows each of you to go to the health insurance marketplace and shop for an insurance plan that suits your individual needs. Issues related to students in school can be found here. The Affordable Care Act allows you to remain on your parents' health plan until the age of 26.
Academic Peer Advisors
Atlanta's John Marshall Law School offers an academic peer advising program. The Academic Peer Advisors (APA's) are current students who can help you with course scheduling and planning, identifying course prerequisites, understanding the degree requirements and faculty expectations, selecting options for study, and understanding academic policies and departmental procedures. To meet with an APA, please stop by the Office of Student Affairs and Pro Bono Programs. You can also email your questions and/or concerns to one the APA's using the following email address: email@example.com.
Your Class Schedule
All first-year students have been pre-registered for their classes. You may view your course schedule via the student portal and may login here and follow the instructions found below in the CampusAnywhere section. Book lists will be posted as they become available here, you should use it to purchase your textbooks. If you have any questions regarding class schedules, please contact the Registrar, Cheryl Ferebee, at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Reading Assignments
Your law school professors will post reading assignments for the first day or week of classes in early January. Those assignments will be available online at here. Once the professor submits a reading assignment, it will be posted. If you do not see an assignment the first time you access the link, please check back regularly until it has been posted. If you have questions about an assignment, please contact the professor directly. Please make sure that you read your assignments before the first week of classes and are prepared for all of your classes. You will likely be called on by one or more of your professors the first week.
Before You Arrive
Recommended Readings
● James A. Gardner, "Legal Argument: The Structure and Language of Effective Advocacy" (Michie)
● Helene and Marshall Shapo, "Law School without Fear: Strategies for Success" (Foundation)
● Black's Law Dictonary (West—student softcover edition)—students need to be taught early on to learn the legal vocabulary, proactively.
● "Getting To Maybe: How to Excel on Law School Exams"
● Jay M. Feinman, "Law 101: Everything You Need to Know About American Law"
● Robert H. Miller, "Law School Confidential: A Complete Guide to the Law School Experience: By Students, for Students"
● Andrew J. McClurg, "1L of a Ride: A Well-Traveled Professor's Roadmap to Success in the First Year of Law School"
Transcripts If you have not already done so, please have two copies of your official transcript confirming receipt of your bachelor's degree from your undergraduate institution sent to: Atlanta's John Marshall Law School Office of Admissions 1422 West Peachtree Street Atlanta, GA 30309
Students with Disabilities
John Marshall Law School has a diverse population of students, including many students with disabilities. These disabilities range from learning disabilities to mobility impairments. If you need accommodations for Orientation or for your classes, please contact Dean Browning Jeffries as soon as possible at email@example.com. Information about our accommodations policy can be found at this link.
Full-time, Day Students:
Unfortunately, we are unable to accommodate full-time day students in our parking deck; however, there are parking lots within walking distance of the school. If you plan to drive to the Law School, we recommend finding a lot/deck where you can park for the entire academic year. A few companies with lots around us are:
Elite Parking, Park Simple, and Lanier Parking. Contact information for each of these lots is provided below. Please feel free to search for other lots near us if you are not interested in using one of the lots below.
● Elite Parking: Contact: Dana M. Hester o Phone: 404.892.1234 ext.2434 o Email: firstname.lastname@example.com o Website: www.eliteparking.com
● Park Simple: o Phone: (404) 671-3193 o Email: email@example.com o Website: park-simple.com
Part-time, Evening Students:
Parking permits for the 2015-2016 academic year are $237.00 per semester. Applications can be obtained online by following the directions below:
1. Go to www.johnmarshall.edu;
2. Move your mouse to "AJMLS Students". Click "Bursar";
3. On the left side of the screen, highlighted in the blue square, click "Downloadable Forms"; and
4. Click the Parking Application for the appropriate semester.
If you have any questions regarding parking, please contact Student Accounts at 404-872-3593, ext. 2608, or email Phyllis Crusoe, the Bursar, at email@example.com.
Westlaw and TWEN
Some of your professors will post their first assignments on TWEN, an online extension of the law school classroom. To access TWEN, you will need a Westlaw password and username. Your Westlaw username and password will be given to you on the first day of Orientation.
CampusAnyware is an administrative system platform that allows students to view academic and financial records, register for classes, view class schedules, sign up to receive security alerts by text and more. Your class schedule for the fall semester is now available on CampusAnyware and can be accessed using the instructions below:
1. Go to the following link: www.campusanyware.us/studentservices/7890 or click on "myAJMLS" on the homepage of the JMLS Website.
2. Click on "Schedule". Read the registration policy and then click "OK". You will then see a window instructing you to login.
3. You can use either your student number (9 digits) or your social security number (no hyphens) as your user ID.
4. Your initial PIN is your birth date in MMDDYYYY format. For example, if your birth date is May 17, 1986, then your initial PIN will be 05171986.
5. Choose the correct term and click the "LOGIN" button.
6. Upon your initial login, you will be required to change your PIN. Your new PIN must be between 4 and 9 digits and can be alphanumeric (letters and numbers).
7. Upon your initial login, you will be asked to verify your demographic information. This information is what we currently have in the database for you and can be updated at any time. The information that we keep on file includes your address, phone number, cell phone number and emergency contact information. To continue, you must select one of the two buttons at the bottom of the page that asks for your demographic information. Please be sure to logout when you are done. Should you have any questions about or need assistance with CampusAnyware, please email IT Support at firstname.lastname@example.com.
The Law School does not have a physical bookstore. However, in an effort to meet the needs of its students, AJMLS has partnered with Follett Virtual Bookstore to launch an online bookstore. Students are able to purchase either traditional bound books or digital books from this bookstore at www.johnmarshall.bkstr.com. For more information on payment methods, digital books, the delivery process and more, visit our online bookstore link.
Office of Student Services FAQ


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Germany expressed shock on Monday over last week's mob attack on the Israeli Embassy in Egypt and urged the two countries to resume peaceful relations. "I want to express the German government's shock and concern over the attack on the Israeli embassy in Cairo," government spokesman Steffen Seibert told a regular news conference. He added that Berlin was "relieved" that Israeli embassy staff emerged safely from the violence, adding that "everything must be done to ensure such incidents do not happen again."
Germany called on Israel and Egypt to resume "full relations in the spirit of the 1979 peace treaty" between the two nations.
The attack late Friday, in which crowds smashed through an external security wall, tossed embassy papers from balconies and tore down the Israeli flag, was the worst since Israel set up its mission in Egypt, the first Arab country to sign a peace treaty with the Jewish state.
It was the latest episode in worsening relations between Egypt and Israel since the killing of six Egyptian policemen on their common border as Israel hunted militants after a deadly attack last month.
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said Sunday that his government was consulting with Egypt on arrangements for the return of Israel's ambassador to Cairo.
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