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Functional imaging data were acquired during performance of a reward-contingency task in a unique cohort of adolescents (ages 14–18 years) who were characterized since infancy on measures of temperamental behavioral inhibition. Neural activation was examined in striatal structures (nucleus accumbens, putamen, caudate) with a known role in facilitating response to salient reward-related cues. Adolescents with a history of behavioral inhibition, relative to noninhibited adolescents, showed increased activation in the nucleus accumbens when they believed their selection of an action would affect reward outcome. Neural responses did not differ between the two groups when participants made a prespecified response that they knew would result in reward or when they produced random motor responses that they knew would not be rewarded. These results link inhibited temperament and perturbed neural responses to reward-contingency cues.
About 10 to 15% of healthy infants are highly apprehensive, vigilant, and fearful in the presence of unfamiliar people, objects, and contexts (Kagan, 1994). This temperamental quality, termed behavioral inhibition to the unfamiliar (Kagan, Reznick, Clarke, Snidman, & Garcia-Coll, 1984), reflects increased salience of novel stimuli for this group of infants. Signs of heightened reactivity to novelty can be detected reliably as early as 4 months of age (Calkins, Fox, & Marshall, 1996; Kagan & Snidman, 1991) and tend to persist across childhood. As these children mature, they display social reticence in the presence of peers (Fox, Henderson, Rubin, Calkins, & Schmidt, 2001), are overly stressed in the face of mild challenges (Fox, Henderson, Marshall, Nichols, & Ghera, 2005), and are at an elevated risk for developing anxiety disorders (Biederman et al., 1993; Hirshfeld et al., 1992; Pine, Helfenstein, Bar-Haim, Nelson, & Fox, 2009).
Inhibited children display distinct physiological patterns. Relative to noninhibited children, they tend to have elevated baseline cortisol, higher baseline heart rate, lower heart rate variability, and greater right frontal electroencephalograph asymmetry (Calkins et al., 1996; Fox, 1991; Henderson, Marshall, Fox, & Rubin, 2004; Kagan, Reznick, & Snidman, 1987). These patterns have been attributed to enhanced reactivity of the brain's fear circuitry, particularly the amygdala (Kagan et al., 1987; Kagan, Reznick, & Snidman, 1988; Perez-Edgar et al., 2007; Schwartz, Wright, Shin, Kagan, & Rauch, 2003).
Research on behavioral inhibition has recently widened to include the study of striatal response to appetitive cues (Guyer et al., 2006). This new area of investigation suggests that behavioral inhibition is associated with potentiated responses to an array of motivationally salient stimuli, including both rewards and threats. Two studies using the monetary incentive delay (MID) task (Knutson, Adams, Fong, & Hommer, 2001) support this premise. The MID task is a performance-based paradigm in which participants either obtain a reward or avoid losses according to the speed with which they press a button. A behavioral study of college students selected as high and low in self-reported shyness (Hardin et al., 2006) revealed that the shy students had faster reaction times (RTs) to potential rewards on this task, a result suggesting enhanced reward sensitivity in this group. A functional neuroimaging study tested a group of adolescents who had been assessed for behavioral inhibition in infancy and early childhood while they performed a version of this same MID task (Guyer et al., 2006). Findings revealed greater striatal activation in response to incentives in inhibited relative to noninhibited adolescents, and this was true regardless of whether the incentive was an anticipated gain or an anticipated loss.
Given the nature of the MID task, one cannot tell whether the findings of Hardin et al. (2006) and Guyer et al. (2006) were due to the specific kind of rewarding incentives used (i.e., obtain a gain or avoid a loss) or to the inhibited group experiencing heightened concern about performing poorly on the task. It is also unclear whether such concern about task performance might generalize to simple motor responses that do not involve incentives (see Bar-Haim & Bart, 2006). Prior work in behavioral inhibition suggests that enhanced behavioral and neural responding on the MID task may indeed reflect enhanced sensitivity to circumstances that elicit performance evaluation (McDermott, Perez-Edgar, Henderson, Pine, & Fox, 2009). Nevertheless, this hypothesis remains speculative because of limitations in this task.
To clarify these issues, we relied conceptually on paradigms used previously to engage the striatum in healthy adults, applying motor tasks in which rewards were contingent or noncontingent on participants' response (Tricomi, Delgado, & Fiez, 2004; Zink, Pagnoni, Martin-Skurski, Chappelow, & Berns, 2004). Our paradigm contained two primary conditions: one in which a prespecified motor response always produced a reward (the noncontingent condition—i.e., reward was not contingent on participants' selection of an action because the action was prespecified) and another in which participants believed that their selection of a particular motor response had an impact on monetary gain (the contingent condition—i.e., participants believed that reward was contingent on their selection of an action, although in fact rewards were awarded randomly). In a third, control, condition, participants made simple motor responses that were not rewarded (the simple motor condition). Groups of participants who were identified as behaviorally inhibited and as noninhibited underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while they performed the task. If group differences in striatal activation were driven solely by the presence of a reward, they would be manifested in both the noncontingent and the contingent conditions, but if such differences required a perceived connection between action and outcome, they would be manifested only in the contingent condition. The control condition allowed us to evaluate the possibility that group differences in motor response per se might account for group differences in neural activation patterns.
Thus, this research builds directly on prior fMRI findings in behaviorally inhibited individuals and on previous studies documenting that stimulus salience and perceived action-outcome associations influence striatal response to rewards (Tricomi et al., 2004; Zink, Pagnoni, Chappelow, Martin-Skurski, & Berns, 2006; Zink et al., 2004; Zink, Pagnoni, Martin, Dhamala, & Berns, 2003). Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that variation in early childhood temperament is related to variation in neural activation in three a priori regions of interest (ROIs) within the striatum: caudate, nucleus accumbens, and putamen. Because earlier reports suggested that individual differences in behavioral inhibition may be rooted in variability in amygdalar response to novelty (Perez-Edgar et al., 2007; Schwartz et al., 2003), we also tested for between-group differences in amygdala activation. We predicted that relative to noninhibited adolescents, inhibited adolescents would show greater striatal activation in the contingent condition, and not in the noncontingent condition; this would indicate that temperamental differences in reward processing are specific to motivated action in reward seeking and not to the simple presence of reward or sensitivity to performance evaluation. This prediction is consistent with prior findings implicating perturbed contingency monitoring in behavioral inhibition (McDermott et al., 2009). Furthermore, we predicted that there would be no group differences in the simple motor condition.
At 4 months of age, 433 participants were screened for motor and emotional reactivity to novel visual and auditory stimuli (Calkins et al., 1996; Kagan & Snidman, 1991). Of these 433 infants, 153 with reactivity scores at the high and low extremes were selected for inclusion in a longitudinal study. When the children were 14 and 24 months of age, maternal reports of temperamental social fear (Goldsmith, 1996) and observations of children's reactivity to novel social and nonsocial stimuli (Calkins et al., 1996) were recorded. When the children were 48 months of age, maternal reports of temperamental shyness (Buss & Plomin, 1984) and observations of children's responses to unfamiliar peers (Fox et al., 2001) were recorded. Of these 153 children who were followed longitudinally, 35 were recruited in adolescence to participate in the present study, and 32 (15 females and 17 males) provided usable data (mean age at time of fMRI scan = 16.22 years, range = 14–18 years). Scale scores (one behavioral measure and one maternal-report measure at each age point) were standardized and averaged across the three ages. We selected participants who exhibited sustained inhibition or noninhibition across the different times of observation because this selection strategy ensured that we captured a stable trait, rather than a pattern of behavior that was unusual and was exhibited at only a single testing session. Using the composite scores, we classified 16 participants from the top end of the distribution as behaviorally inhibited and 16 participants from the bottom end of the distribution as noninhibited.
The inhibited group had significantly higher scores on the behavioral-inhibition composite (M = 0.57, SD = 0.63) relative to the noninhibited group (M = –0.72, SD = 0.31), t(30) = 7.42, prep < .99, d = 2.71. The inhibited and noninhibited groups did not differ on age, IQ, or male-to-female ratio (all ps > .15). Furthermore, the groups did not differ on measures of anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory—Spielberger, Gorsuch, Lushene, Vagg, & Jacobs, 1983; Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders, parent and child versions—Birmaher et al., 1997), depression (The Children's Depression Inventory—Kovacs, 1985), or psychiatric status (Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version—Kaufman et al., 1997) at the time of scanning, all ps > .40.1
Five stimulus types were used in the experimental task: neutral cues (purple squares), three different experimental cues (circles) that were color-coded to the three experimental conditions (noncontingent, contingent, and simple motor), and cues that provided feedback on performance (green squares). The neutral cues were presented repeatedly, interrupted infrequently with experimental cues that prompted a manual response from the participant (Fig. 1a). Feedback was delivered following the contingent and noncontingent trials, which were separated by a random number of neutral stimuli. The neutral stimuli provided a baseline against which brain activation during presentation of experimental cues was compared (see Tricomi et al., 2004, for a similar approach).
The three different experimental cues signaling the noncontingent, contingent, and simple motor trials were randomly distributed throughout the task. Each condition was denoted by a uniquely colored circle (orange, blue, or yellow). Color-to-condition mapping was counterbalanced across participants. Each noncontingent cue consisted of a colored (e.g., orange) circle with "1" or "2" printed in its center. Participants were instructed to press the button ("1" or "2") that corresponded to the number shown in the circle. They were told that these trials would always be followed by a monetary gain if they pressed the correct button. Each contingent cue consisted of a circle of a different color (e.g., blue) with a question mark printed in its center. Participants were instructed to select and press either button ("1" or "2") and were led to believe that a correct selection would yield a monetary gain and an incorrect selection would result in no reward. In actuality, gains on these trials were determined randomly. After a variable interval (filled with neutral cues) following each noncontingent or contingent trial, feedback (gain or no gain) was provided, along with the cumulative gain for the entire session. Potential gains were of two magnitudes (3 or 6 points, each point equivalent to 10¢), denoted by the size of the experimental cue (small or large). Finally, simple motor trials were signaled by a plain circle of yet another color (e.g., yellow). Again, participants were instructed to press either of the two available buttons ("1" or "2"), but the instructions explicitly indicated that no reward would be distributed on such trials.
Functional neuroimaging data were acquired during task performance using rapid, event-related fMRI techniques. Immediately following the task, after being removed from the scanner, participants completed a series of questionnaires about the task. These questionnaires probed participants' understanding of the task's parameters and the feelings elicited during the task.
Scanning took place in a General Electric (Waukesha, WI) Signa 3-T magnet. The task stimuli were displayed on a screen at the foot of the scanner bed via back-projection from a head-coil-mounted mirror. Foam padding in the head coil was used to restrict head movement. Participants responded to the stimuli using a handheld two-button response box in their right hand (Cedrus Lumina, San Pedro, CA).
For functional time-series image acquisition, each brain volume contained 30 interleaved 4-mm-thick sagittal slices with an isotropic in-plane voxel dimension of 3.75 mm. We used a T2*-weighted single-shot echo-planar magnetic resonance sequence with a repetition time (TR) of 2,500 ms, echo time (TE) of 23 ms, flip angle of 90°, field of view (FOV) of 24 cm, and matrix size of 64 × 64. One hundred sixty-five volumes were collected per time series.
During the same scanning session, we used a T1-weighted standardized, magnetization-prepared, spoiled gradient-recalled echo sequence to acquire a high-resolution structural image to aid in spatial normalization. The parameters for the structural image were as follows: 124 sagittal slices (1.2 mm thick) with an in-plane resolution of 0.86 mm, TR = 8,100 ms, TE = 32 ms, flip angle = 15°, number of excitations (NEX) = 1, bandwidth = 31.2 kHz, FOV = 24 cm, and matrix size = 256 × 256.
For data analysis and image presentation, we used Analysis of Functional and Neural Images (AFNI) software, Version 2.56b (Cox, 1996). Visual inspection of the echo-planar images confirmed good image quality and minimal movement. Subjects with movement greater than 3 mm in any plane were excluded (n = 3). Standard preprocessing of the echo-planar-imaging data included the following steps. Each subject's time series was corrected for slice timing and motion, spatially smoothed to a 4-mm full-width/half-maximum Gaussian kernel, and transformed to percentage signal change from the mean blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) activity of the entire time series on a voxel-wise basis.
Events defined from the experimental design and residual-motion parameters were regressed on each subject's processed time series using multiple regression (Neter, Kutner, Machtsheim, & Wasserman, 1996). The statistical regression model used was a gamma variate basis function, set to the onset of each event type, convolved with the hemodynamic response function provided in AFNI. This model included regressors for five event classes corresponding to the two levels of the contingent and noncontingent conditions, as well as the simple motor condition (i.e., large-reward, contingent condition; small-reward, contingent condition; large-reward, noncontingent condition; small-reward, noncontingent condition; and simple motor condition). We also included regressors for six residual-motion parameters: three rotational dimensions (roll, yaw, and pitch) and three translational dimensions (x, y, and z). After convolving the 11 regressors to model the hemodynamic response (Cohen, 1997), we generated whole-brain statistical t maps for each subject to determine the beta value and t statistic for each event type at each voxel. This procedure was followed by group-level, random-effects analyses of individual contrast values.
Given past data (Guyer et al., 2006; Monk et al., 2006; Perez-Edgar et al., 2007; Tricomi et al., 2004) and our a priori hypothesis, we took two approaches in the group-level analyses of the beta coefficients. First, because previous work from our lab (Guyer et al., 2006) showed increased BOLD signal with increased incentive level in regions of the striatum, we sought to determine if contingency of the outcome on the action selected influenced activity in these primary ROIs related to reward-driven behavior. We created standard masks of the right and left side of each region—the nucleus accumbens, ventral and dorsal caudate, and putamen—using anatomical boundaries from the atlas of Talairach and Tournoux (1988). The left and right amygdala were also tested. Between-group differences in these regions were assessed on a voxel-wise basis using the AFNI 3dttest procedure; contrasts of contingent versus noncontingent trials, contingent versus baseline trials, and noncontingent versus baseline trials were used to decompose a significant interaction of condition and group. Within each condition, we collapsed across size of the incentive (large, small) to increase statistical power. The contrast of simple motor versus baseline trials was also examined for group differences in order to assess potential between-group effects due to variations in motor preparation and response. Criteria for statistical significance included thresholds for both height intensity (p < .005) and spatial extent (k > 200 voxels) within ROIs. The AFNI 3dmaskave function was used to compute per-subject average activation of all voxels within each ROI for each contrast. Mean activation values within each ROI were then imported into SPSS for further analyses, and for illustrative purposes.
The second approach involved conducting exploratory whole-brain analyses to examine the degree to which between-group differences occurred more generally throughout the brain. AFNI AlphaSim (1,000 Monte Carlo simulations) was used to correct for multiple comparisons. With this algorithm, significant voxels had to exceed a criterion of p < .001, whole-brain-uncorrected, and had to be in a cluster of at least 1,173 voxels, which corresponded to a whole-brain-corrected value of p < .01. Using this threshold and the AFNI 3dttest procedure, we tested for between-group differences for the same contrasts as in the ROI analyses.
RTs were examined in an analysis of variance (ANOVA) with condition (noncontingent, contingent, simple motor) as a within-subjects factor and group (inhibited, noninhibited) as a between-subjects factor. This analysis revealed a main effect of condition, F(2, 60) = 14.19, prep < .99 (Fig. 1b). Follow-up contrasts indicated that mean RTon the noncontingent trials was faster than mean RT on the simple motor trials, t(31) = 2.49, prep < .93, d = 0.89, which in turn was faster than mean RT on the contingent trials, t(31) = 2.90, prep < .96, d = 1.04. Neither the main effect of group nor the Condition × Group interaction approached statistical significance, Fs < 1.
To assess the potential effect of incentive size on RT, we conducted an additional ANOVA with condition (noncontingent, contingent) and incentive size (large, small) as within-subjects factors and group (inhibited, noninhibited) as a between-subjects factor (size of the cue circle did not vary on the simple motor trials, and these trials were therefore not included in this analysis). The results again revealed that the contingent condition elicited slower RTs than did the noncontingent condition, F(1, 30) = 30.13, prep < .99. In addition, large incentives elicited faster RTs than did small incentives (Fig. 1c), F(1, 30) = 4.29, prep < .88. There were no differences in task performance between the inhibited and noninhibited groups, and none of the interactions approached statistical significance (all Fs < 1).
The postscan questionnaires included a series of yes/no questions and a series of ratings on 10-point scales. Responses to these items provided information about how subjects understood the task and how they felt during scanning. No group differences were detected on the following key questions: "I could tell when I was going to win," "I had a hard time deciding which button to press," and "I had a strategy to decide which button to choose," all ts < 1.45. In addition, participants were queried on the meaning of each of the cues, and responses indicated that all participants had a good understanding of what the cues signified.
Based on our a priori hypotheses, our main analysis focused on whether the groups differed in change in activation within the three a priori striatal ROIs (nucleus accumbens, caudate, and putamen) during the contingent relative to the noncontingent trials. A significant Group (inhibited, noninhibited) × Condition (noncontingent, contingent) interaction revealed greater activation in the left nucleus accumbens in the inhibited group than in the noninhibited group, t(30) = 3.34, prep < .98, d = 1.22 (Fig. 2a). Post hoc between-group contrasts for activation in each condition relative to the baseline (neutral) condition indicated that the inhibited group showed significantly greater left nucleus accumbens activation than the noninhibited group only when participants believed that the action they selected determined reward outcome (contingent trials), t(30) = 2.74, prep < .95, d = 1.00 (Fig. 2b). The groups did not differ in their activation in the noncontingent condition, t(30) < 1. An additional between-group contrast for the motor-only trials was nonsignificant, t(30) = 1.58, prep < .79, d = 0.58, as were the contrasts related to the other preselected ROIs (Table 1).
Exploratory whole-brain analyses were conducted for the Condition (noncontingent, contingent) × Group (inhibited, noninhibited) interaction to examine the degree to which between-group differences occurred more generally throughout the brain. The nonstriatal brain activations that emerged from these analyses are reported for completeness only and are not a focus of discussion. Brain areas with activation patterns that survived a Monte Carlo simulation correcting for multiple comparisons are summarized in Table 2 and Figure 3.
These analyses indicate that relative to the noninhibited group, adolescents who were temperamentally inhibited in early childhood showed lower activation in the precuneus, left thalamus, and left posterior cingulate during contingent trials (i.e., when they believed that their choice of an action would affect reward outcome), and greater activation during noncontingent trials (i.e., when the action was prespecified and rewards were administered on all trials).
In this study, adolescents characterized by an enduring pattern of behavioral inhibition (documented at three time points from infancy up to age 4 years) demonstrated enhanced sensitivity of the reward-related neural system, relative to adolescents not classified as behaviorally inhibited. This sensitivity was specific to the experimental condition in which participants believed that their choice of an action determined reward acquisition. Between-group differences in neural activation did not occur in the case of systematically rewarded stimuli or simple motor responses. Taken together, these findings suggest that active agency is needed to bring to light temperament-related individual differences in striatal response. Indeed, as hypothesized, enhanced sensitivity in the inhibited group was manifest as greater nucleus accumbens activation. This group difference emerged even though behavioral performance, as indexed by RT, was comparable in the two groups.
Note that responses to the follow-up debriefing questionnaire ("Describe what each of the three different circles means") indicated that, as intended, the participants perceived reward on the contingent trials as being affected by their choice of response. Furthermore, responses to questions assessing how subjects experienced the task did not differ between groups. These data suggest that between-group differences in subjective-emotional responses or in reward expectancy, elicited by contingent-reward cues, may not completely explain the observed between-group differences in striatal responding. However, it should be noted that our postscan measures of reward expectancy were unlikely to comprehensively capture psychological processes that occurred immediately upon presentation of the contingent-reward cues. The experimental design allowed us to probe a limited set of behaviors during the task, and future studies should examine between-group differences in the relations between reward expectancy and striatal responding, perhaps by employing alternative designs that probe more comprehensively levels of reward expectancy engaged by presentation of contingent-reward cues.
Regardless of this limitation, the behavioral data showed that the task did engage relevant psychological processes across participants. For example, the differences in RTs to the noncontingent, contingent, and motor cues, in both groups considered together, indicate that these cues were perceived and processed differently, providing further support to the efficacy of the experimental manipulation. Particularly noteworthy is the finding that RTs were longer for contingent cues than for noncontingent cues, which suggests that extra time was needed to execute a selection in the contingent condition.
When combined with prior findings, these new results provide an important framework for understanding the neural correlates of temperamental behavioral inhibition. Although theory and research on behavioral inhibition have typically focused on threat processing and the amygdala (Monk et al., 2006; Pine, 2007; Schwartz et al., 2003), the present study indicates that behaviorally inhibited individuals may also show perturbations in response to positive stimuli and in reward-related neural circuitry. In particular, the nucleus accumbens subserves numerous adaptive and goal-directed behaviors, such as feeding, drinking, sex, and exploration (Kelley, 1999; Meredith & Totterdell, 1999). The present findings suggest that inhibited temperament is related to increased brain activation when active agency is at play in the context of reward processing. This is not surprising considering that inhibited temperament is typically most apparent when active participation is required (Coplan, Rubin, Fox, Calkins, & Stewart, 1994).
Finally, hypersensitivity to contingency-related reward delivery is only one parsimonious, theoretically plausible explanation for these findings. Our findings could also be conceptualized as reflecting exaggerated concerns about performance in the inhibited group, relative to the noninhibited group. A comprehensive evaluation of these alternatives would require more in-depth investigation of relations among perceived action-reward contingency and performance-related concerns in behaviorally inhibited subjects. In this regard, it is noteworthy that levels of anxiety and depression, and psychiatric status, did not differ between the groups in our study.
The exploratory whole-brain analyses revealed between-group differences in activation in additional regions (precuneus, left thalamus, and left posterior cingulate). The activation patterns in these regions, however, were opposite to those for the nucleus accumbens, and possibly reflected additional and complementary processing required by the experimental conditions in our task. Additional work on the functional relatedness of these brain regions to reward processing is needed in order to clarify the full meaning of these preliminary findings.
In conclusion, the present findings extend understanding of behavioral inhibition by more precisely characterizing the neurocognitive processes associated with alterations in responses to reward. Our previous work demonstrated that behavioral inhibition is associated with perturbations in the appetitive-motivational system (Guyer et al., 2006; Hardin et al., 2006). In this study, we found that these perturbations were specific to the condition in which participants believed that choice of self-executed responses determined outcomes, and did not extend to the condition in which outcomes were independent of subjects' agency. Indeed, a sense of "responsibility," or self-agency, in a context of uncertainty (probabilistic outcomes) drives the neural system underlying appetitive motivation (i.e., nucleus accumbens) more strongly in temperamentally inhibited than noninhibited adolescents. One important next step will be to determine how the reward system interacts with fear circuitry among subjects characterized by behavioral inhibition and elevated anxiety (Frenkel, Lamy, Algom, & Bar-Haim, 2008). A further goal will be to examine behavioral inhibition and its underlying neural circuitry across development. Finally, a better understanding of factors that contribute to individual differences in reward-related processes may eventually generate insights relevant for therapeutic interventions in anxiety, a diathesis closely related to shyness and behavioral inhibition.
1We examined whether the two behavioral-inhibition groups differed in the number of high-motor versus high-negative infants and found that they did not.
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These Husband Flower poems are examples of Husband poems about Flower. These are the best examples of Husband Flower poems written by international PoetrySoup poets
If you don't find the poem you want here, try our incredible, super duper, all-knowing, advanced poem search engine.
I was just trying to remember the past
trying to remember the good people
and the bad people,
that i came across on my way,
i want you to know
that you are among the good people
that left a good trace in my life,
once again i just want to say thank you
for passing through my life,
is so short but is wonderful
i want you here forever.
Copyright © VICTOR BUN | Year Posted 2012
He started out kind, loving and sweet;
My husband brought me flowers every week.
He'd bring me some roses, or do something silly,
And come home to me with one small lily.
Instead of using a vase, he would use a jar,
And bring me home a flower called the Morning Star.
We enjoyed each other and he would do something crazy
And bring me home a flower called a Daisy.
Then I noticed he began to change,
He started doing thngs kind of strange.
He would bring home flour and ask me to make,
A thin layered chocolate seven tiered cake.
Or he would bring home flour,
So that I would bake him a pie.
But no more flowers;
To behold with the natural eye.
Then one day...I knew it by what he said;
That man brought home a ROSE and laid her in my bed.
At that moment I almost became a widow,
He said something about Rose lying on my pillow.
I turned my back to go away to pray,
Dear Heavenly Father please listen to what I say.
I thank You for my husband and the relationship we had,
Now dear Father things are turning pretty bad.
He is still a good man, kind, loving and sweet;
But we both need deliverance fom satan's deceit.
The flowers he brought me were nice to behold;
Then suddenly things began to turn really cold.
The day the flower he brought home could walk,
I knew at that moment Father we must have a talk.
You said in all things give thanks and praise Your name,
For only You could make things the same.
As the Father and I discussed what my husband had done;
This caused me to draw nearer to His darling Son.
My husband's actions brought home the best flower of all,
Day or night, on Him I could call.
Jesus, The Lily of the Valley; the Bright and Morning Star.
I now knew Him personally, no longer from afar.
I went to tell my husband what had been done,
And how he had brought home Jesus, God's Only begotten Son.
I told him thank-you and that he too might get to know,
Jesus the Rose of Sharon and the Power of the Holy Ghost.
He's water when you are thirsty, and bread when you're hungry,
Food on the table and He never leaves you lonely.
He's your mother and your father, a heavy load carrier,
A heart regulator and a burden bearer.
He's peace, kindness, love and gentleness;
And above all the flowers you brought home...Honey, He's the Best!!
Penned in 2001
This is dedicated for those who have been betrayed.
Learn to forgive. Daisy Marie Yant
Copyright © Daisy Marie Yant | Year Posted 2015
The last strains of decrescendo were still in my ears
Dancing at the masque party time flew leisurely on downy feathers
The night was still youthful, the breath enjoying every fragrant inhale
The last strains of the decrescendo were still in my ears
I was jostled to my senses when it was announced that I had won a free plane ticket
To a destination of my choice. Why me? How? What competition? When?
I quickly revived before entering we were given forms and timed to fill in a destination
And one name whom we wished we could have taken along in sqeezy thirty seconds
I packed my bags and a week later boarded for Las Vegas yearning for my hubby
I couldn't control my smiles as the plane took me off on my maiden foreign tour
The strains of the crescendo were rising in my heart
A dainty air hostess smilingly tiptoed to me, asked for my cabin bag to accost me
To business class, served me snacks and wine and gifted me a black velvet box
Wiping my hands with a serviette, I gently opened the box
To find a welcome note for a week's stay at MGM's GRAND Skylofts suite
Gambling and itenary at the host's cost and my daylights went out.
The strains of the crescendo were rising in my heart
From the airport I was driven to Skylofts where I was received with a warm tet-a-tet
Eyes sparkled at every measure while being escorted to my suite
The bellboy kept the luggage down before the suite, didn't unlock but knocked
The door was opened by my husband with a black rose in hand and a smiling face
The strains of the best crescendo were in the air.
January 3, 2016
Contest: Combination Of Three Words- secret box, plane ticket, favourite flower
Sponsor: Laura Loo
Copyright © Balveen Cheema | Year Posted 2016
flower on her desk secret admirer mum's the word
Copyright © Reason A. Poteet | Year Posted 2016
"Trembling of the Shy Temple Flower"
i shall tremble at your every command
to sever only you
would be my greatest desire
let the ground be humble
to the rumble
of your feet
i am your faithful temple
shy flower cover me
only your tears
will water me~
let me be your
reverent faithful
one desire~
and i will
wash and heal all of your wounds~
do what you will
with me~
only softly say
my name~
and i will shyly say
the most caring
words to you~
your will~
is my will~
for i care only
for the rumble
of the trembling
of your feet~
aka lyricvixen
Copyright © verlecia fields | Year Posted 2008
Every line not just the bus the cafeteria at least in the lesser smaller rules would
have a line and must produce the TICKET to get the product eye can sense it
does not matter now ewe eye has glazed and interest has wandered back to the
television or the window even oh please ewe pay attention. A stub of counterfit
will not benifit the lame or halt or worried for there gender there they must have
the goods in hand the concrete tender the dough rey mee the stuff that makes
mens greed the money. After carefull consideration of the facts it takes the
monkey on his back to make the money that he needs to carry greed to pinnacle
mountains on his overactive garden of imagination he is ON the MARK he is
Standing Toe to Toe with JOE and active in his quest and merciless at rest he
makes his way down the line with TICKET in his hand no matter if its milk or
meat or love or final resting place. Who is that on that cactus patch does it rally
matter MOE his name was JOE they ALL was JOE he could have went on down
the road but stayed to die in cactus OH what was his name it never matters to a
martyer his spirit fled when they killed his body his name is JOE. He had his
ticket in his hand a purple flower clutched so hard he bled. He hollard out her
name he called her Violet and then he came to knoe his GOD again this time in
person he has his TICKET in his hand but what is left is NOT man just another
NUMBER on the list just another burial to be placed he had his TICKET in his
hand a violet flower he is now a man at rest.
Jesus Freak Homeless
Copyright © charles hice | Year Posted 2007


text:
Survival Stories: Hot, Thirsty, and Lost in Death Valley
Three women took a drive to Death Valley for a day of exploring. Three days and 300 miles later, they were out of gas—and hope.
Like most of her neighbors in Pahrump, Nevada—a dusty town of 36,000, just 60 miles from the entrance to Death Valley National Park—Donna Cooper had driven through the valley many times. But one Thursday morning in July 2010, the 62-year-old retiree decided to explore a corner of the park she'd never visited: Scotty's Castle, a Spanish-style mansion built in the 1920s. Her daughter Gina, 17, and Donna's friend and houseguest from Hong Kong, Jenny Leung, 19, joined her.
The trio arrived at the mansion around 1 p.m. and spent two hours touring the place. As they left the parking lot on the way home, they saw a sign for the Racetrack—a dry lake bed, where shifting boulders have left skid marks in the cracked mud. "I've always wanted to check that out," Donna said.
The other two women went along with the idea. Gina, who was driving, pointed their Hyundai west on Route 267, then turned south on a dirt road. The temperature outside the tiny car was over 125 degrees. After about an hour, they reached an intersection, but the sign indicating the way to the Racetrack was unclear. Gina turned left. After ten more miles, she realized she'd made a wrong turn. She tried to reverse course, but they were soon climbing into the high country.
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16 thoughts on "Survival Stories: Hot, Thirsty, and Lost in Death Valley"
suck it
whats up
Don't blindly depend on GPS, and bring maps too; GPS can be, and occasionally is, wrong or outdated. And when driving in the desert, always bring a lot more water than you think you will need. You never know when a car will break down. Even if you're on a paved road, it can take some time before you get help.
stupid stupid stupid!! I just did Death Valley during this last heat wave. I had 40 bottles of water, not counting the 2 one gallon jugs, food for a week, enough survival gear to outfit several people, entered the park with a full tank of gas. I also had a fan operated by batteries and enough spares for a week worth of flowing air.
When she hit those forks in the road, there is such things a pen & paper or your digital camera to mark your way home. I have NO sympathy for these women or anyone else who is so stupid to enter a place such as DC totally unprepared.
Sign me: 62 year old stroke survivor woman who travels alone each summer.
That was pretty sad but the sun probably get to thier head and were just lost and dehydrated and did not know where they were going.
you are dummy heads
It is amazing to me, as I read the comments above, how people love the sound of their own "authority", when they haven't got a clue about EVERYTHING that has happened in between. People simply based on a brief article like this and think they "know it all". I am just glad the women made it out of the desert alive and they've raised awareness of using GPS device. There's no doubt the women made the smartest decision in a survival situation. It's useless to argue HOW they get lost, this is not what it's all about. We should however learn something if you were left alone in a survival situation, what should you do when you are not a survivalist?
Well, from this story, I learned that:
1) Never LEAVE your vehicle, if you have one. It is the only shelter you have, before yo can find a better one.
2) Be logical even when you are scared, you never know what you are capable to do to save your life! These 3 women used their brains, instead of just freaking out, losing hope and rely on others to rescue you. These women made plans to stay in the porch for 2 weeks, instead of just believing that someone will find them in the days few days, because it doesn't always happen that way.
3) Do everything you can to life up your spirit. In their case, they took showers to make them feel positive, so they had the energy to plan for surviving, instead of feeling crappy and waiting to die.
It doesn't do you much if you judge them in the purpose of "showing off" how much "smarter" you are. This was an accident, an accident is an accident, everyone made mistake. The most important thing is, after they have shared their story, what did you learn from it?
Not to mention about netiquette on a public site like this… but that's another story.
Not for nothing do they call it "Death Valley". Don't be careless with your life!
It's been done and blaming has no room for this one. All of them have their slice of learnings from what happened. each and everyone has his/ her own survival stories.
4 bottles of water. An old Hona and two young kids. Not telling anyone where you're going? Sounds like an episode of I sohuldn't be alive! Also I would have liked to have known did the Mom come back later to replace the suplies they used and fix the damage?
Very disappointing article. This woman was very irresponsible on having taken less provisions than needed and then putting their lives in the hands of an electronic device. GPS units are a tool to be used with common sense, not in place of it.
Electronic devise is better than nothing, when you are lost don't know which direction to go GPS devise as guide was a good choice for the situation.
Taken less provision than needed? Like what? A satellite phone? Who can afford that? Even a map is useless when you don't know where you are. Irresponsible? Your ignorant comment is really irresponsible. Generally nobody will pack up full survival gear to go to a short trip to Scotty's castle. You probably wouldn't have said the same stupid things if you were in their situation. People are so ignorant to say "Oh… why didn't they bring extra gas and matches (so the car can explode under 128 degree heat); why didn't they bring extra water (told ya they have drank most of them at the end of the trip" If you can't say anything nice, don't say anything at all, don't say it online either just because nobody knows who you are.
Unfortunately he is correct. They refused maps and were not prepared for off highway travel in the desert, something they should have known about, as they were desert locals.
Very disappointing article. This woman was very irresponsible on having taken less provisions than needed and then putting their lives in the hands of an electronic device. GPS units are a tool to be used with common sense, not in place of it.
always carry large amounts of water when desert traveling
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Kevin Nealon
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Lorne M. Buchman
Revolving Door
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July 9, 2009: Lorne M. Buchman has been named president and CEO at Art Center College of Design. He had been president at California College of Arts and Crafts. (UnBeige)


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Peppers at 10, which seems low.
Thursday Evening NCAA Tournament Viewer's Guide
At the time of this writing, we're 2-for-3 in close games, with Duke getting everything they can handle from UNC Wilmington and UConn and Colorado heading down to the wire after a back-and-forth game. Without any further ado, let's take a look at today's later games:
Angel Rodriguez
Third Window
3. Miami – 14. Buffalo (6:50, TNT)
After a down year in which Miami missed the NCAA Tournament, Jim Larranaga has quietly put together one of the better teams in college basketball: the Canes finished tied for second in the ACC and show good balance on both sides of the floor (though they're slightly better on offense). I was actually lucky enough to catch a Miami game in person this year – unsurprisingly, attendance was sparse in Coral Gables – and they have three exceptional players: point guard Angel Rodriguez (formerly of Kansas State) is a consummate floor general, close to the platonic ideal of the undersized college PG; Sheldon McClellan is a fringe NBA prospect with great shooting splits on high usage; big man Tonye Jekiri is a long seven-footer who puts in the work as a rim-protector and offensive rebounder, but also can hit mid-range jumpers. Miami is a veteran team that could make a run.
Their opponents are back in the tournament for the second consecutive year, as Buffalo has been able to continue the momentum even after the departure of coach Bobby Hurley. The Bulls finished tied for third in the MAC East, but upset the class of the MAC – Akron – in the conference tournament championship. Miami is the best team that Buffalo has faced all year and the Bulls were blown out by all of their quality non-conference competition, but they return many of the same pieces that almost upset West Virginia a year ago.
[After the JUMP: more previews]
Thursday Afternoon NCAA Tournament Viewer's Guide
It's the most wonderful time of the year. As we settle into our "sick" days or prep the clandestine CBS browser window, let's take a look at which games we should keep an eye on for this, one of the most wonderful days in American sports. Even though – unfortunately – some of the best games look to be the latest (on St. Patrick's Day, no less), take heart in the fact that these games rarely follow the script and chaos can erupt anywhere at any time.
Here's a look at today's first 8 games:
Tubby Smith
First Window
4. Duke – 13. UNC Wilmington (12:15, CBS)
A year after a national title, it's been a pedestrian season by Duke's standard: a frighteningly shallow rotation and inexperience left the Blue Devils tied for fifth in the ACC. Serial tripper and classic Duke White Guy Grayson Allen has moved from the end of the rotation to be the featured guard (and has since played at an All-American level); one-and-done freshman Brandon Ingram plays as a stretch-4 and his skill-set mixed with his extremely lanky frame has drawn optimistic Kevin Durant comparisons; yes, there is another Plumlee.
It's a rare game where a have-not gets to take on an in-state blue-blood – UNC Wilmington split the CAA regular-season title and won the rubber-match against co-champion Hofstra in overtime in the conference title game. The Seahawks favor an egalitarian approach on offense and feature a deep bench, but allow the second-most free throws of any team in the country – and their opponents are known to get more than their fair share of whistles.
Once the next game starts, consider flipping to it, but Duke – UNC Wilmington is positively dripping with schadenfreude potential so don't stray too far.
8. Texas Tech – 9. Butler (12:40, tru TV)
While Minnesota is the worst Big Ten team (outside of Rutgers, obviously) under Richard Pitino, former Gopher coach Tubby Smith has taken the Texas Tech Red Raiders to their first NCAA Tournament in almost a decade despite starting 3-7 in conference play. Tech boasts a strong trio of guards: senior Toddrick Gotcher is the team's best shooter, Keenan Evans gets to the free throw line a ton, and Devaugntah Williams is a defensive specialist. As a team, TTU's strength is their free throw shooting: they were the second-best in the Big 12 in getting to the charity stripe and the best at converting those opportunities.
Butler's third season in the New Big East has mostly been a success: even though they were swept by the league's elite (Villanova and Xavier), they have two wins over Seton Hall, and possess non-conference wins over Cincinnati and Purdue. The player to watch in this game is Roosevelt Jones, an anachronistic bully-ball lead guard who's seemingly been at Butler forever and never shoots threes despite standing at just 6'4. He's flanked by an array of shooters, most notably Kellen Dunham.
This 8/9 game is more appealing than the other one in this window; Texas Tech and Butler are decidedly offense-first teams and should provide a competitive game. One thing that could prove to be decisive is the Red Raiders' weakness on the defensive glass.
[After the JUMP: more basketball]
Michigan 67, Tulsa 62
Zak Irvin making plays late. pic.twitter.com/R5Ia8IbGsp
— Big Ten Geeks (@bigtengeeks) March 17, 2016
Zak Irvin had been, for lack of a better word, terrible. His last shot had barely grazed the rim. His last drive had resulted in a depressingly predictable turnover. He'd made one three-pointer all game.
But when Irvin's defender ducked under a Moe Wagner screen, he didn't hesitate to rise and fire with Michigan down a point and less than a minute on the clock. Despite some trepidation from onlookers...
The look on John Beilein's face on that Irvin 3 pic.twitter.com/FbrqNjs3gH
— Patrick Barron (@BlueBarronPhoto) March 17, 2016
...Irvin's shot found twine. A couple stops and five free-throws later, Michigan booked a trip to Brooklyn to face six-seed Notre Dame.
While the game got the desired result, it's not one Michigan fans are likely to want to relive. Both teams went through first-half scoring droughts that exceeded six minutes. After the Wolverines finished the half on a drawn out 19-4 run to take an eight-point lead, they gave it all back in the first three minutes of the second before both teams went ice-cold.
John Beilein played Andrew Dakich for five frustrating minutes while Derrick Walton sat on the bench with foul trouble. For murkier reasons, he sat Wagner—Michigan's biggest bright spot all game—in favor of Mark Donnal and Ricky Doyle before rectifying that error for the home stretch.
While the Wolverines were effective when they attacked the basket against an undersized Tulsa squad, only Muhammad-Ali Abdur-Rahkman—and on a couple surprising occasions, Wagner—was willing to drive to the paint with any consistency. MAAR wasn't a paragon of efficiency with 16 points on 5/16 FG, but he created havoc on the Tulsa defense that led to putback opportunities and drew enough contact to get extra points at the line (6/8 FT).
Wagner, meanwhile, played like he should be the clear-cut starter at center. After recording two blocks all season, he had four tonight in addition to pulling down eight rebounds and making both his shot attempts, including a poster-worthy slam on a second-chance opportunity to give M a late three-point lead. Michigan functioned better on both sides of the court with Wagner on the floor.
Duncan Robinson opened the game with a three; while he wouldn't hit another until late in the game, he found other ways to contribute—he grabbed 11 rebounds, dished out a team-high four assists, and finished a few forays to the hoop to tally 13 points. The contributions of MAAR, Wagner, and Robinson—a sophomore no major program wanted, a freshman who barely clung to a role this season, and a D-III transfer—allowed Michigan to overcome underwhelming performances from their two go-to guys.
Then, with the pressure on, Irvin delivered. It wasn't pretty. It was, in fact, cringeworthy, as Beilein's face can attest. At this point in the year, however, the final score is all that matters.
Now somebody grab me a drink.
Seth's Bracket Assist Widget
You will probably have to create your own copy but then you can type in any two teams and make a comparison. Thank you to Kenpom for the data and helpful Google Sheets script writers for helping me calculate distances. Drive times are calculated as 1.3 minutes per mile.
To get a copy:
Follow this link and play around with it on google sheets.
Follow this link to the spreadsheet.
Go to "File" and "download as". Choose a format and the rest is up to you.
To use it just put the two teams you're trying to compare and the round (it will return wonky stuff if those two teams aren't able to meet there). It'll show you things like Off and Def rank on Kenpom and a win confidence based on a factor of the average 1 seed will be 100% to beat an average 16 seed. It'll also bring up the site of the game and, new this year, the distance for each team in driving hours. Last it'll show any injuries I knew about when I made it last night.
Mailbag: Coaching Turnover, A Ton Of Beilein Feelingsball
[Patrick Barron]
Long-time reader, second time emailer. I sent you a fake inspirational poster featuring Tate Forcier when those were still things. You used it. Good times.
I have the following mailbag questions:
1. With the departure of Durkin, Baxter, Jackson, et. al, do you see the revolving door continuing for assistant coaches? I don't have a problem with it because HARBAUGH and it means they are poach worthy. What about Drevno? He seems unlikely to leave anytime soon. I guess my question is: how much of the offense is Harbaugh, and how much is Drevno/Fisch? Would there be a big change if one of the latter left? Butt's comments about not having to learn a new offense this year were nice to hear just for continuity's sake.
This offseason's turnover was a bit extreme. Maryland hiring Durkin after one year as a defensive coordinator actually in charge of his defense—at Florida he was under Will Muschamp—was unexpected. I figured we'd get a 3-5 year run from him before he was established enough to make the jump. Losing Baxter and Jackson is actually more of a worry for me. Baxter went back to California, which is understandable if you're sawft because you've spent your time in that climate. Jackson may have decided he's more of an NFL guy.
Harbaugh seemed to make a conscious decision to reduce staff turnover with his picks for replacements. College DC lifer Don Brown is past the point where he'd be a head coach candidate; Chris Partridge and Brian Smith are young guys moving up who will probably stick around a while before any potential bump to quasi-co-psuedo associate head coach and run defense coordinator. Michigan's defensive assistants should be set for a few years, with a Mattison retirement the next likely swap.
On the other side of the ball it's murkier. It's Harbaugh's offense, of that there is no doubt. Coordinators on the same side of the ball as a heavily involved guru head coach often take a significant amount of seasoning before they are targeted for a move up the ladder. (See: Pat Narduzzi.) Drevno had not been a full OC prior to the Michigan move and has been with Harbaugh for a long time; he doesn't seem like a threat to depart for a few years yet, and when and if he does it'll be because Michigan's offense is shredding opponents.
Meanwhile Fisch is set to negotiate an extension that should bump his salary up significantly after a buyout year when Michigan was more or less paying the Jaguars. He seemed to get on with the staff and clearly had OC-type input in the passing game…
"good shit, Jedd" pic.twitter.com/6LKlSnY7Qp
— Ace Anbender (@AceAnbender) October 6, 2015
…so I wouldn't expect him to leave for anything short of a full OC spot. That may very well happen—before he was cursed to work in the mines of Jacksonville he had a pretty good run at Miami—but I think he'll be around for a while yet.
The guy to watch for a departure is Tyrone Wheatley, who has ambitions to be a head coach. He has a powerful motivation to stick around for four more years; after that I would not be surprised to see him look for an OC spot no matter where it is.
2. What about Chesson for the #1 jersey? Has that been officially retired? If so, I don't remember hearing much about it. I can't remember a better candidate in recent years than him.
#1 is not retired and shouldn't be. Devin Funchess just wore it, remember? The fact that this guy didn't remember that and I wrote most of this response before remembering that an NFL player wore #1 two years ago is… Brady Hoke, man.
Anyway: no retiring more numbers please. #21 getting retired is kind of a bummer, man, and I can't imagine #1 or #2 goes by the wayside for practical (running out of numbers) and recruiting (here's Charles Woodson's number) reasons. But I don't expect Chesson to take it. He is in a pretty famous WR number (86) already and he doesn't seem like the type of guy to care much either way.
Beilein status, part 1
Hey Brian. I see you trying to walk the line of criticizing U-M basketball while not calling for Beilein's head. Here's the issue to me...
it's easy to compare Beilein to what came before and say look at his improvement. But the "fire Beilein" says "Well, that's not good enough." The better comparison isn't to what came before but to what would come after. What are the odds of replacing Beilein with someone who runs a clean program, fits culturally with the university, and achieves more success on the court? I put it at about 10%. That's not a chance worth taking for someone who may be marginally better. But the only thing that would satisfy these guys is if we were dominating the Big Ten. So then you need to consider the odds of getting the coach who runs a clean program, fits in culturally and consistently out-performs Izzo, Crean, et al. I put those odds under 1%.
So it's a shame that Beilein isn't a slightly better coach than he is, but Michigan's biggest obstacle is that our rivals' programs are just consistently too good.
I mean, yeah. I think we're all pretty disappointed where the program is right now but that's largely an artifact of Beilein's insane level of success over the three years from 2012-14, which went
- Big Ten Title
- National Championship Game
- Outright Big Ten Title & Elite Eight
Frankly I didn't expect that level of performance from Beilein when he was hired. I just wanted to make the tournament most of the time and Pittsnogle some higher seeds. Take that expectation and remove the team's star for consecutive years and this is what you get.
That said, the trend here, especially on defense, is alarming. It's not really about the level of the program, it's about the direction of the arrow. If Beilein's projected performance going forward is the average of his Michigan career minus his first year (which I think we can issue a mulligan for given the state of the roster) then yes, it will be very difficult for Michigan to match or exceed that. If it's the last two years, even considering Levert's injury, then the pool of candidates who can expect to match or do better expands considerably.
I don't think that's clear yet. I do think we're going to see an offseason shakeup and hopefully a defensive specialist brought in. I am still resigned to the fact that Beilein's peak is likely to have already passed and that we'll probably be gunning for a Sweet 16 or two before he retires, not a title.
[After THE JUMP: more Beilein feelingsball, PWO pickin', can the Big Ten replicate the Harbaugh model?]
Spring Practice Presser 3/15/16: Jedd Fisch
MGoQuestion: Which receivers have impressed you the most since spring started?
"Well, you know, we haven't had Jehu [Chesson]. Amara [Darboh] has had a very good spring so far. Really working hard at his craft. I mean, just you would think—you know, it felt like he just picked up where he left off against Florida. Grant Perry, same thing. Really good spring so far. Picked up where he left off. Drake Harris had a really good last two days. Had his best day today. Really making some plays with his—we all know he's a basketball player, right? But he's shown that ability. And then Ahmir Mitchell's come in and he's competing. These guys are supposed to be in high school right now and he's practicing as hard as he can. And Moe Ways has improved a lot. Moe Ways, I'm not sure I can remember a drop in spring. I think Moe Ways leads us with the least amount of drops, so it's been a good—you know, those guys have all come in and they've all done a nice job coming back and kind of letting us pick up where we left off."
What kind of things are you able to do with them this year now that you're not building the foundation like last spring? How much further ahead?
"Yeah, well, we're a little light on numbers until the next batch comes in in terms of we've got four or five guys coming in. So in terms of what we're doing, we're just building off of what we did and asking these guys to really push themselves and fight through it and they've become really well conditioned, and then you're able to tweak a route or tweak a release or change some things up. 'Hey, this is how we did it all of last fall. Here's you on film' rather than 'Here's Allen Robinson on film' or 'Here's Brandon Marshall on film,' [it's] 'Here's you on film. How can we make that better?'"
With so few, are you able to do more individual tweaking?
"Yeah, that's one of the benefits of where we're at right now is you can really hone in and focus in and spend the time getting Ahmir caught up to speed, time getting Grant ready to play outside and inside, really focusing in on Moe Ways playing both spots on the perimeter and just kind of making those 'Hey, in one-on-ones, here's you running the route; here's you last year running the route. Look at the difference.'"
After what Amara and Jehu gave you last year, what do you still need from a third wide receiver or a fourth wide receiver?
"Um, well, we need more production. We need someone else to be in that range of 40 or 50 catches. We need Amara and Jehu to be in the range of 75 catches. You know, they need to get up and the third receiver then needs to bring his numbers up. Maybe our third receiver had like 20 catches or something. Let's get to 40. Let's get to two more first downs a game. You know, give us two more first downs a game. Give us one more explosive play a game. Keep us on the field for one more drive, and then allow us to play with more guys. Let's play with more receivers, you know, and get more guys ready to go. It'll be fun to see what these guys can do."
[After THE JUMP: if you would like to be considered for the starting quarterback position please leave your application at the front desk]


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Georgian Oaks Farm
Powder Springs, Georgia
Family Farm
Georgian Oaks Farm is now offering FARM TOURS. To sign up please go to our website www.suribunni.com and click on the Farm Tours button.
At Georgian Oaks Farm we specialize in Suri Alpacas and German Angora Rabbits.We currently have raw suri fleece for hand spinning, both off the animal and skirted. The farm store also has suri roving and alpaca yarn. Watch for our new line of Suribunni signature yarns available this Fall!
Come visit the farm!
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Schedule and Location:
Alpaca Farm visits and fleece sales are by appointment only
Latest Reviews
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Raymond and Sharon Bogenschutz are just good people. they really care about their home, their animals, and other people. Sharon has been hand raising her alpacas and tomato plants with a mother's care.... [more]


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In the News
Shih Tzu Rescue Adoption Fees Will NOT Be Waived Saturday, July 23, Euless Petsmart, 10-1Submitted by cbarekman on Thu, 07/21/2016 - 10:45
We invite you out to meet and greet our "Little Cuties" on Saturday, July 23, 10-1, at Euless Petsmart. Due to the large investment of money, time, and LOVE into each dog, and our best match policy, we will NOT be a part of Clear the Shelter. We make a commitment to find each dog the right home, not just any home. Our regular adoption fees will apply, $200-$450. Looking forward to seeing you on Saturday!


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Bird to Buy Western Canada's Nason to Expand in Water Treatment
Bird Construction Inc. agreed to acquire Nason Contracting Group Ltd., which builds water and wastewater treatment facilities in western Canada, for C$12.8 million ($13 million) to expand in the water treatment market.
The Toronto-based diversified construction company said the purchase of Nason of St. Albert, Alberta, compliments both companies' mechanical, electrical and contracting expertise for industrial clients as well as public-private partnerships.
Before it's here, it's on the Bloomberg Terminal. LEARN MORE


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Hey everyone - we just released a new demo for Olympia Rising. You can play it here: http://or.paleozoic.com
We fixed a lot of the issues/complaints from the first demo, added some new areas, created new levels, and did a bunch of other tweaking. Feel free to send us any feedback you have via the comment box beneath the game window.
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Show and tell for designers
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Copyright © 2009–2016 Dribbble LLC. All screenshots © their respective owners. Shipped from Salem, Mass. USA.


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Signs That You Should Seek Drug or Alcohol Treatment
Checking yourself into a holistic addiction treatment Florida can be a decision that literally saves your life. The hard part is getting the courage to make such a huge decision. Going into rehab means that you will be away from your family for one month or even longer. You will also not be able to work during


text: Yeah, unfortunately we cannot bring all features into EA though. It's either we release it on Early Access with less features as planned, or cancel the project. I prefer the Early Access with less features, although, we are really trying to optimize and polish before we release. Thank you for your comment, FitterB :)


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Reviewed By Steve M (Novi, MI) Reviewed for a 2000 Chevy Express —9/16/2015 4:57 AM
Sets up in a half hour after a repetetion or two.
Reviewed By Shawn F (Hewitt, TX) Reviewed for a 1998 Chevy C/K 1500 —10/22/2015 6:28 AM
The first night I used the tent it was REALLY windy. After reading a few reviews that it was bad in the wind I worried but it stayed up all night. My only complaint was that the door area on the tailgate doesn't get real tight like I think it should.


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#18 to #3 - aMONSTERateURcar
Reply +7(12/03/2009) [-]
How about the day these "GAY" comics stop getting posted is the day you ******* stop posting gay comments!! stick that in your juicebox and suck it!!
#31 to #18 - anon (12/04/2009) [-]
Ok to #7, I actually would want more twilight pictures, THEYRE FUNNIER THEN THIS CRAP... and to #18, youre actually right... When these comics are done being posted, there will be no more pics to comment on.. and what im saying would be considered a "gay" comment, because im saying the comics are gay... so YOU FAIL! WHAT NOW, BITCHES??


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Friends and family in the stands
Friends and family at the World Cup
Originally Published: July 16, 2011By Michelle Smith
FRANKFURT, Germany -- Hope Solo was headed over to the goal for the penalty-kick phase of the team's quarterfinal match against Brazil. She was trying to clear her head before the biggest moment of her soccer career.
"As the goalkeeper you're told to go stand in your little corner off to the side, and it turned out to be the corner where the family and friends were," Solo said. "I felt their energy. I felt their love and their passion and it gave me so much confidence. I was away from my ...
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Rain Splash
By Kris Lau
Open iTunes to buy and download apps.
Do you love a rainy day? The rainy mood can sometimes be smoothing to your stressful day.
Watch as rain drops fall gently onto the scenery or an image of your choice.
Tap anywhere on the screen to create ripples to disturb the peace and wait for it to slowly go back to normal.
iPhone Screenshots
Customer Reviews
Not worth it
I thought theres was going to be sound but its literally a ripple effect of your pictures.
RIP-OFF/ won't take my review
what was I thinking . Useless, stupid & misleading app.
Furious .
- $0.99
- Category: Lifestyle
- Released: Jan 28, 2012
- Version: 1.0
- Size: 4.8 MB
- Language: English
- Seller: Kris Lau
- © 2012 Kris Lau
Compatibility: Requires iOS 3.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.


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"This beautiful little drink book, with its novel recipes and lovely photography, would be a welcome addition to the collection of any bartender or drink enthusiast that is ready to experience something new and exciting." --RecipeFeast.com
"There's more to spicy cocktails than the Bloody Mary...this helpful new book can help guide you through this relatively untrammeled terrain." --Serious Eats
"Spicy is hot, both in the mouth and as a flavor trend...Spice & Ice is sure to heat up the bar." --Cheers Magazine
About the Author
Antonis Achilleos is a New York-based photographer.


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If you have troubles since the update to WordPress 4.5 please read this post before opening a new thread.
Hi- I had a question regarding the post page- my website uses the broadscope theme and I was wondering if it's possible for readers to share an individual blog on their facebook page or twitter account?
Thanks so much!
The topic 'external post for readers' is closed to new replies.