text:
This handbook for mothers uses the question and answer method. Its value to the mother may be judgd from the following illustration:
"264. What should be done when the baby has a cold in the head?
"At the onset give a cathartic: calomel (10 doses of one-tenth grain each at intervals of 10 minutes), castor oil or milk of magnesia. Give a hot bath, followed by a hot drink after 1 year (milk or lemonade), and put to bed, covering warmly with the object of promoting sweating. Vaseline or albolene (a few drops of the latter) may be put into the nostrils several times a day. The nose may be irrigated with a Seiler's tablet solution (one tablet to half a glassful warm water) morning and night, allowing repeated small quantities to run into each nostril, using a medicine-dropper and so tipping the head as to allow each instillation to
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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jan 14, 1986
|Filing date
|Dec 13, 1984
|Priority date
|Dec 13, 1984
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Richard A. Baglione
|Original Assignee
|Baglione Richard A
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (3), Referenced by (59), Classifications (8), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to control devices for air conditioning refrigeration systems and particularly to a device that monitors the super-heat contained in a refrigerant to control operation of the compressor if the super-heat contained in the refrigerant either exceeds or falls below predetermined limits for more than a predetermined interval.
2. Description of Prior Art
This invention constitutes an improvement of the control device forming the subject matter of application Ser. No. 456,583 filed Jan. 7, 1983 as a continuation of Ser. No. 228,590 filed Jan. 26, 1981 by the inventor named herein.
It is believed that the prior art related to this invention may be found in Class 62, sub-classes 149, 158, 208, 209, 227 and 228. A search through the class and sub-classes indicated has revealed the existence of U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,913,347; 3,047,696; 3,400,552; 3,729,949; 3,303,663; 3,803,864; 3,786,650; 3,130,558; and 3,791,165.
In refrigeration systems there is a so-called "suction line" which runs from the evaporator to the compressor. This line normally returns the heat-laden refrigerant in gaseous form from the evaporator to the compressor. The line is so arranged that the refrigerant gas is warmed a few degrees as it picks up heat through the walls of the tubing. Heat may be applied to the tubing in various ways, such as by running the suction line through a heat exchanger so as to draw heat from the high pressure and relatively "hot" liquid refrigerant prior to its presentation to the expansion valve in the system. This method achieves the double function of adding "super-heat" to the refrigerant gas returning through the suction line to the compressor, and "sub cooling" the high pressure relatively "hot" liquid refrigerant prior to passage through the expansion valve. Super-heat may thus be defined as the heat contained in a refrigerant gas beyond the amount required to maintain its boiling point. Since super-heat causes a rise in temperature of the refrigerant gas in its return to the compressor, it is sensible heat. The fact that super-heat can be sensed or detected by the "sensing element" of an instrument is relied upon in U.S. Pat. No. 3,047,696 in which it is recognized that the thermostatic expansion valve which releases high pressure liquid refrigerant in a controlled manner into the relatively low pressure space provided by the evaporator normally controls the super-heat of the refrigerant leaving the evaporator. The super-heat control device disclosed by this patent is related to the control of the air conditioning system of an automobile, and teaches that with the particular refrigerant disclosed by this patent the normal level of super-heat in the suction line is approximately 23� F. The patent discloses that when the super-heat exceeds about 60� F., this is an indication that the refrigerant charge has been lost in the system. Accordingly, under normal conditions, such a loss of refrigerant can cause extensive damage to the compressor if the compressor is not shut down. According to the invention disclosed by this patent, when the exceedingly high super-heat is detected, an electrical circuit is closed which has the effect of blowing a fuse which results in deactivating the compressor unit. To close the electrical circuit, this patent discloses a device that utilizes differential pressure between suction line refrigerant and a second refrigerant which is responsive to the increase in temperature of the suction line refrigerant gas to shift the position of a diaphragm carrying an electrical contact.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,130,558 recognizes the destructive effect of a slug of liquid refrigerant admitted to the input port of the compressor. Since most liquids, including liquid refrigerants, are not compressible, and since a compressor is intended to be a vapor pump dependent for its operation upon the elasticity of the vapor it is compressing, the admission of an incompressible slug of liquid refrigerant to the input port of the compressor will obviously result in damage to the compressor. This patent teaches a system for protecting the compressor from such a slug of liquid refrigerant in the suction line and applying this temperature to the expansion valve in such a way that liquid refrigerant is normally admitted to the evaporator under controlled conditions that insure that the temperature of the refrigerant leaving the evaporator contains the requisite amount of super-heat.
This interrelationship of temperature of the refrigerant gas as it leaves the evaporator, and control of the expansion valve in relation thereto, is almost universally used in air conditioning refrigeration systems. This patent goes one step further and includes in the suction line a control device including a diaphragm enclosed within a housing. Movement of the diaphragm in one direction effects closing of electrical contacts which activate a solenoid valve arranged in a bypass line to permit the passage of high pressure and relatively "hot" refrigerant gas to be admitted to the suction line, thereby adding "super-heat" to the refrigerant gas returning to the compressor and eliminating the possibility of a slug of liquid refrigerant damaging the compressor. Movement of the switch-controlling diaphragm in one direction is influenced by the pressure within the suction line, as balanced by an appropriate spring, and movement in the opposite direction is influenced by the expansion of an appropriate second refrigerant in the space above the diaphram, expansion of the second refrigerant being controlled by the temperature of the refrigerant gas returning through the suction line to the compressor.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,303,663 and 3,400,552 both relate to apparatuses for controlling the charging of a refrigerant into an operating refrigeration system. Both utilize the pressure and temperature characteristics of the returning suction line refrigerant gas for control purposes.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,686,892 teaches the concept of utilizing the temperature of the refrigerant gas returning to the compressor to actuate a switch which in turn energizes a wire heater which in turn opens a thermally responsive fuse to de-energize the compressor circuit.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,729,949 relates to the use of a plurality of movable switch elements that are responsive to temperature and pressure to control the charging of a refrigeration system with an additional charge of refrigerant.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,786,650 relates to an air conditioning control system in which the expansion valve is controlled in such a manner as to permit maximum cooling capacity of the refrigeration system upon start-up, particularly when the space being cooled is particularly warm, such as the inside of an automobile that has been in the sun. When a reduced ambient temperature is attained, or when a reduced suction line temperature is attained, the expansion valve is automatically re-set to its normal operating parameters.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,791,165 also relates to a charging method and apparatus for a refrigeration system and is specifically applicable to a refrigeration system having a fixed restriction refrigerant expansion valve. Proper operation of such a refrigeration system is achieved by adding or removing refrigerant to the system to attain a preselected super-heat temperature of the refrigerant leaving the evaporator coil as determined by comparing the pressure and temperature of such refrigerant gas.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,803,863 relates to a system for controlling a refrigeration compressor which involves monitoring the super-heat contained in the refrigerant gas returning to the compressor, monitoring the temperature of the space to be cooled as compared with a set point, generating separate electrical signals correlated to the super-heat temperature and the differential between the set point and the space temperature, and utilizing these signals to produce a modulating signal for regulating the compressor operation in the refrigeration system.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,803,864 also relates to an air conditioning control system which utilizes a normally constant pressure expansion device for admitting liquid refrigerant to the evaporator but which is adapted to adjust the expansion device to maintain a relatively high evaporator pressure during the time that the temperature in the space to be cooled is being reduced to its desired level. When the space temperature has reached the desired level, the expansion device then reverts to its normal operation.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,803,865 utilizes two vacuum control valves, one in the feed line between the condensor and the evaporator and another in the suction line between the evaporator and the compressor. The vacuum port of the first mentioned valve is connected to the suction line while the suction port of the second valve is connected through appropriate conduit to the induction system of an automotive engine. Application of suction to the second valve results in a pneumatic signal being transmitted to the first valve to increase the control point at which the evaporator pressure is controlled.
Lastly, U.S. Pat. No. 3,913,347 relates to a mechanically operated switching arrangement controlled by pressure of refrigerant in the suction line on the one hand, and by pressure as it is related to the temperature of the refrigerant gas in the suction line on the other hand. Pressure responsive bellows are opposed to each other and each is in contact with a lever pivoted in such a manner to open or close or neutralize a pair of contacts, depending upon the differential in pressure as exerted directly by the pressure of the suction line and the pressure exerted by heating an appropriate refrigerant by means of the heat contained in the refrigerant gas.
From the above prior art it will be apparent that there have been many different mechanical devices utilized that respond directly to variations of pressure of the refrigerant gas in the suction line, and which respond to variations in pressure in an auxiliary bulb containing an appropriate refrigerant gas and responsive to temperature variations of the refrigerant gas in the suction line. Most of these devices, as indicated in the patents discussed above, are mechanical devices with the disadvantages inherent in such mechanical device, such as slow response time, different characteristics because of inability to maintain manufacturing tolerances, and space limitations that preclude many of these cumbersome mechanical devices to be retro-fitted to existing equipment. Accordingly, it is one of the principal objects of the present invention to provide a control device for air conditioning refrigeration systems that is almost instantaneous in its response time and which may be easily retro-fitted to existing air conditioning refrigeration systems.
In the operation of an air conditioning refrigeration system it frequently happens that the super-heat in the suction line will fluctuate through a relatively wide range in a very short period of time. Such fluctuations occur in most refrigeration systems and are usually not harmful because their duration is a relatively short period of time. With the mechanical structures disclosed in the patents above, such fluctuations would have their normal and expected effect on the mechanical transducers connected to the sensors and, because of the inherent lag time in the mechanical devices, the system might be shut down despite the fact that the super-heat fluctuation no longer exists and the super-heat is approaching a normal value. Accordingly, another object of the invention is to provide a control device for air conditioning refrigeration systems which is responsive to such extreme fluctuations of super-heat within a prescribed range and which is effective to delay the effect of such fluctuations so as to preclude shutting down the refrigeration system unnecessarily.
It is particularly surprising that it is not revealed in any of the patents disclosed above or in operation manuals and texts on refrigeration that there is a substantially linear relationship between the suction line pressure and the temperature of the refrigerant gas flowing through the suction line. I have found that when this relationship is defined as a ratio of change of the pressure in the suction line to a change of temperature of the refrigerant gas passing therethrough, as long as the ratio is maintained, the super-heat in the refrigerant gas returning to the compressor may vary over a relatively wide range without the need to activate protective devices. Accordingly, a still further object of this invention is to provide a control device in which a predetermined super-heat temperature may be selected as the optimum super-heat for a given system, and the device set to initiate remedial steps only if the super-heat either drops a significant predetermined amount below such set super-heat temperature or rises a significant predetermined amount above the preset super-heat temperature, and to not initiate remedial steps so long as the ratio of change of pressure and temperature remains constant within the preselected range.
It frequently happens that an abnormality in the operation of a refrigeration system will cause either a loss or a gain of the super-heat in the refrigerant gas returning to the compressor. Frequently the malfunction that causes the loss or gain in super-heat cures itself within a short interval. It is a disadvantage to have the system shut down because of a temporary abnormality in the operation of the system. Accordingly, still another object of the present invention is to provide a control device that initiates a counter which locks out other protective devices for a predetermined interval to thus permit the system a sufficient time to return to its normal mode of operation without shutting down the system.
In most electrical apparatus it is known that spurious voltage surges occur that cause undesirable effects in related electrical circuits. For instance, in the control device of the instant invention, a spurious or transient voltage surge through the power supply, occurring infrequently and randomly during the start-up cycle, could conceivably momentarily energize the lock-out relay of the control device, thus shutting down the refrigeration system unnecessarily and without regard to the pressure-temperature ratio of the super-heat in the system. Accordingly, it is one of the objects of the present invention to provide means in the control device which disables the power supply until the start-up timer has completed its cycle of operation to thus prevent unintended activation of the lock-out relay by a spurious voltage surge.
The invention possesses other object and features of value, some of which, with the foregoing, will be apparent from the following description and the drawings. It is to be understood however that the invention is not limited to the embodiment illustrated and described since it may be embodied in various forms within the scope of the appended claims.
In terms of broad inclusion, the super-heat monitoring and control device for air conditioning refrigeration systems of the invention comprises separate temperature and pressure monitoring sensors the signals from which are converted to electrical signals applied to a bridge circuit including a set-point adjustment and a throttling range adjustment which may be manipulated to set the ideal or desired super-heat temperature and the range of such temperatures, respectively. The bridge circuit also possesses a ratio adjustment that permits calibration of the bridge to the particular sensors being used, to thus set up the optimum pressure/temperature ratio. The output from the bridge circuit is channelled to a preamplifier adjustable to exactly offset the output of the bridge under balanced conditions, and the output from the preamplifier upon the occurrence of an imbalance is in turn channelled to an integrator that includes a pair of adjustable potentiometers manipulable to select the deadband range and a control function comprising an adjustable timer which may be adjusted to a time interval that corresponds to the time interval that the system in question requires to reach its normal super-heat condition. From the integrator circuit, the signal is channelled to a pair of comparator circuits which control a lockout relay which in turn controls the compressor circuit of the refrigeration system, to shut down the system if the super-heat level remains at too high or low a value for too long an interval.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the various components of the super-heat monitoring and control device of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic illustration showing the manner of incorporation of the device of this invention in an air conditioning refrigeration system assembled at the factory.
FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the manner of retrofitting the device of this invention in an already existing system.
FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic view illustrating a portion of the entire control device circuit, including electronic and electrical components and their values and identifications.
FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic view constituting a continuation of the circuit illustrated in FIG. 4.
FIG. 6 is an alternate arrangement for a portion of the circuit as illustrated in FIG. 4 by the line 6--6.
FIGS. 7-11 are graphical illustrations of the pressure and temperature relationships in the system of the invention.
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a bridge circuit usable with the system of the invention.
FIG. 13 is a diagrammatic illustration of a conventional refrigeration system using the control device of the invention.
In terms of greater detail, the super-heat monitoring and control device for air conditioning refrigeration systems which forms the subject matter of this invention, comprises a system or device that functions to control the operation of a refrigeration system in relation to whether the super-heat exceeds or falls below upper and lower limits that are selected for the particular refrigeration system in question. It is a matter of common knowledge that the reciprocating compressor, usually driven by an electric motor, is the heart of most air conditioning refrigeration systems. The compressor is a mechanical unit that is highly susceptible to damage as a result of abuse. Most compressor failures are not the fault of the compressor per se, but rather the fault of some other component in the system in which the compressor is used.
For instance, hermetic compressors usually fail in one of two ways, i.e., mechanically or electrically. Electrical failures may stem from power line or control problems, but oftentimes it is simply the overheating of the compressor that initiates the electrical failure. Mechanical failures may be caused by inherent defects, but more often than not they are caused by the presence of liquid refrigerant in the compressor. It is of course well known that refrigerant vapor is utilized to cool the compressor into which it is sucked at low pressure. If the refrigerant vapor is saturated, however, then there is usually a finite amount of liquid refrigerant that passes into the compressor, with attendant damage to the compressor valves, requiring an expensive shut-down and overhaul of the compressor.
Thus it is imperative for proper operation of the compressor that the low pressure gaseous refrigerant sucked into the compressor not be saturated, i.e., that it be completely gaseous. This condition is most usually ensured by controlling super-heat in the refrigerant gas in the evaporator and suction line before it reaches the compressor. The presence or absence of super-heat in the refrigerant gas in the evaporator and moving toward the compressor through the suction line is closely controlled under ordinary circumstances by the thermostatic expansion valve. This valve closely controls the amount of liquid refrigerant that is admitted to the evaporator by monitoring the temperature of the refrigerant gas leaving the evaporator. If the temperature monitored is greater than the boiling temperature of the particular refrigerant, then it can be assumed that all the liquid refrigerant admitted to the evaporator has evaporated. Thus, it is the differential in temperature between the temperature sensed at the outlet port of the evaporator and the boiling temperature of the refrigerant that controls the amount of liquid refrigerant admitted to the evaporator by the thermostatic metering expansion valve. This differential temperature, when greater than the boiling temperature, constitutes super-heat in the refrigerant gas.
It thus becomes apparent that the thermostatic metering expansion valve is a "watch dog" that controls the rate of evaporation of liquid refrigerant in the evaporator, and that the rate of evaporation ultimately determines the degree of super-heat contained in the refrigerant gas leaving the evaporator. The measure of super-heat in the refrigerant gas leaving the evaporator, and the super-heat if any, added to it during its passage through the suction tube, determines in large measure the effectiveness of the refrigerant gas to cool the compressor. If the super-heat becomes too high, the refrigerant loses its cooling effect and the compressor runs too hot. If the super-heat becomes too low or non-existent, it indicates that there is saturated vapor and/or liquid refrigerant in the suction line which if permitted to enter the compressor may result in extensive damage.
As indicated above, there are devices that protect the compressor from overheating, and there are devices that protect the compressor, indirectly, from the effects of liquid refrigerant. Surprisingly, however, nowhere have I been able to find a device or control system that will protect the compressor against adverse super-heat conditions, high or low. I have found that such protection can be provided by closely monitoring the pressure and temperature relationship of the refrigerant gas which indicates the amount of super-heat present, and controlling operation of the compressor in relation to fluctuations thereof.
I have found that there are basically four steps in setting up this control or monitoring device on an air conditioning refrigeration system. The first step is to measure and note the operating super-heat of the system on which the control and monitoring device is to be installed. Secondly, it is important to determine and note how long from start-up it takes the equipment in question to reach this stable super-heat value. These measurements are made with conventional equipment that is available to all refrigeration or air conditioning technicians or servicemen. Once these determinations have been made the start-up delay timer is set. It is important to set this timer because almost all systems experience momentary fluctuations of super-heat from start-up to about five minutes after start-up, and it is not desirable that the system be shut down because of these normal momentary fluctuations. The delay timer thus enables the system to accommodate the individual start-up characteristics of most systems. During this observation interval of a normally functioning refrigeration system, it is important to note the normal fluctuations of super-heat. The range of fluctuations of super-heat from high to low thus suggests the throttling range adjustment of the control device of this invention, shutting down the system if the fluctuations exceed the high or low values of the range for longer than a predetermined interval. Also important is that the set-point of the device be set to the measured super-heat of the system during normal operation.
Once the set-point and throttling range are established in the device, the lockout timing becomes a function of the amount that the throttling range is exceeded, on either end, i.e., high or low, by the super-heat and the time interval that it continues outside the throttling range. If the super-heat falls back within the acceptable range before the lockout relay is energized, the timer will reset itself, and will not become reactivated unless the throttling range is exceeded again. If the system is locked out by activation of the lockout relay, it can only be reset manually. This is usually provided for in most conventional systems by the provision of a reset relay. For the incorporation of my control and monitoring device, if a refrigeration system does not have a reset relay, one should be installed as will hereinafter be explained, at the time the control and monitoring device of this invention is installed.
The monitoring and control device of this invention can be used on almost every air conditioning system utilizing a thermostatic metering expansion valve. In the detailed description that follows, the parameters have been selected for use with Refrigerant 22 systems. It should be apparent however that the device can be easily changed to accommodate most of the commonly used refrigerants in reciprocating type systems, e.g. R-12, R-500 and R-502.
The circuit illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5 is designed on the premise that a constant value of super-heat is correlated to a direct substantially linear proportional relationship between suction line gas pressure and suction line gas temperature. This being true, an increase in suction line gas pressure is manifested by a proportional increase in suction line gas temperature. FIGS. 7 and 8 exemplify these relationships. In FIG. 7, suction line gas pressures in pounds per square inch gauge for a gas containing 12� F. of super-heat are plotted against suction line gas temperatures. It is seen that the resulting "curve" is substantially a straight line. Calculations indicate that for Refrigerant 22 and a constant 12� F. super-heat the proportional change in pressure is an average of 1.31 psi per degree change in temperature. Thus, over a super-heated vapor pressure spread of 11 psi (68.5-57.5) there occurs a temperature spread of 8� F. (52�-44�), producing an overall ratio of 1.37 psi/�F. The same calculations made at the 62.8 psi level in relation to the 57.5 psi level and corresponding temperature spread (4� F.) produces a 1.32 psi/�F. ratio, while the 57.5 psi level and 55 psi level produce a 2.5 psi variation which results in a 1.25 psi/�F. ratio when divided by the temperature differential of 2� F. The average of these ratios is 1.31 psi/�F. as indicated in FIG. 7.
In FIG. 8, the substantially linear and proportional change of the pressure-temperature relationship is illustrated by plotting temperature against pressure of a saturated vapor (without super-heat) on a single graph again showing the linearity of the "curve A" between lowest and highest values. Superimposed on "curve A" is "curve B" which represents the addition of 2� of super-heat to the boiling point temperatures plotted as ordinates in FIG. 8.
The significance of these linear relationships is illustrated in FIGS. 9 and 10. In FIG. 9, actual suction line gas temperatures sensed are plotted as ordinate values against measured electrical resistance in ohms plotted as abscissa values. Note the substantially linear relationship that results. The slope of this "curve" is based on the fact that the particular sensor used is calibrated to provide 1000 ohms electrical resistance at 70� F., and a 2.2 ohm change per degree change in temperature. In FIG. 10, actual suction line gas pressures sensed are plotted as ordinate values against measured electrical resistance in ohms plotted as abscissa values. Again a linear relationship is manifested by the slope of the line that results. The slope of this "curve" is based on the fact that the particular sensor used is calibrated to provide 1000 ohms electrical resistance at 100 psig, thus resulting in a 10 ohm change in resistance per pound change in gauge pressure. The difference in slope of these two "curves" (FIGS. 9 and 10) is accounted for by the fact that the rate of change of resistance caused by variations in pressure (10Ω per pound per square inch gauge) is greater than the rate of change of resistance resulting from a change of temperature (2.2Ω/�F.) by a factor of approximately 6.36 to achieve a pressure/temperature ratio of 1.4 psig/�F., and by a factor of approximately 5.91 to achieve a pressure/temperature ratio of 1.3 psig/�F. It is this factor that must be considered when calibrating the bridge to provide a balanced output at a 12� F. super-heat and a pressure/temperature ratio of 1.3 psig/�F.
From FIGS. 9 and 10 it may thus be concluded that since the change in electrical resistance is linear in response to similarly linear changes in suction line gas temperature and pressure for a constant super-heat value, then such linear electrical resistance increases and decreases may be applied to a bridge circuit as will hereinafter be explained, with the result that the resistance changes will be balanced out by the bridge circuit so long as the super-heat remains constant (e.g. at 12� F.) When an abnormal condition occurs, e.g., an overcharge, undercharge, expansion valve malfunction, clogged or dirty filters, broken evaporator fan belt, defective fan motor, or any other of numerous types of failures, the operating super-heat will increase or decrease abnormally, indicating that the pressure has risen or fallen at a faster or slower rate than normal, as opposed to temperature, thus changing the 1.3 psig/�F. ratio set in the bridge circuit. When the super-heat value, either high or low, exceeds the high or low limits set by the throttling range for a predetermined interval, the lock out relay will be energized and the system will be shut down.
Referring to the drawings, the entire device in block diagram form is illustrated in FIG. 1, where reference numeral 2 designates a temperature sensor of the thermistor type in which the resistance of the thermistor varies directly with temperature change. I have found that a thermistor having a resistance value of 1000 ohms at 70� F. and a rate of change of 2.2 ohms per degree F. is satisfactory. A pressure sensor 3 is also provided. This unit may be a commercially available type that responds to pressure variations to effect movement of a wiper blade across an elongated resistor. Its rate of change may be 10 ohms per pound per square inch of pressure change and its range is from zero to 100 psig. Because the operating parameters of the temperature and pressure sensors are usually fixed for specific units, the ohmic rate of change being different for the temperature and pressure sensors, the ratio of change must be set in the bridge circuit, as previously discussed. This ratio adjustment is exemplified by FIG. 11 in which the temperatures of both super-heated vapor and saturated vapor are plotted as ordinate values against pressure values plotted as abscissa values. From FIG. 11 it will be seen that for a pressure rise of 7.2 psig from 62.8 psig to 70 psig, there is a corresponding 5.5� F. rise in temperature from 36� F. (saturated vapor) to 41.5. The ratio of 7.2 to 5.5 thus equals approximately 1.4 psig change for each degree change in temperature. Correlated to pressure and temperature sensors that vary electrical resistance as indicated above (10Ω/lb. and 2.2Ω/�F.) it will be seen that 1.4 psig translates to 14 ohms which, when divided by 2.2 ohms, provides a balancing ratio adjustment factor of 6.36 which is dialed into the bridge circuit to compensate for the different rates of the pressure and temperature sensors. Thus, a Barber-Coleman Model CP8102 bridge illustrated in FIG. 12, provides adjustment bridge 40 for setting the temperature set point, another adjustment bridge 42 for setting the pressure set point, a third adjustment network 44 for selecting the balancing ratio adjustment factor, and an adjustment network 46 for setting the throttling range as previously discussed.
Receiving power from a standard 120 VAC source is a power supply 4 (FIG. 4) which is designed to provide a regulated output of +20 VDC and -20 VDC, which is fed into bridge circuit 5, which also receives inputs from the two sensors 2 and 3. The bridge circuit may be purchased commercially from Barber-Coleman Company in several different models to meet different needs. For instance, I have found that Model CP8102 having the adjustability flexibility noted above provides satisfactory results. The bridge circuit is provided with potentiometric set point adjustment knobs 6 and 6', a ratio adjustment knob 7' and a throttling range adjustment knob 7 as shown in FIG. 1, and by their counterpart potentiometer adjustment, shown in FIG. 12. The set point adjustment knobs 6 and 6' are utilized to set the desired super-heat for the system (FIG. 13) in which the control device of the invention is being installed, while the throttling range adjustment is used to set the high and low points or limits of the super-heat for the system in question. When the bridge circuit is properly calibrated and adjusted for the system in question under normal operating pressure and temperature, its output voltage on output line 48 will be 7.5 VDC when the two inputs from the temperature and pressure sensors are balanced. The point at which the bridge circuit will be balanced is determined by setting the ratio adjustment knob 7'. The throttling range adjustment is determined by amplifier response to variations in output from the bridge circuit. Total resistances of each side of the bridge must change at a constant rate to keep the system in balance.
The control device includes a preamplifier 8 that amplifies the output of the bridge circuit and channels the signal to the integrator 9. The output of the preamplifier is adjusted by the pre-amp bias circuit 10 so that when the bridge output is 7.5 volts, the amplifier output is 0 volts. Any change in bridge output then produces an offset voltage which is supplied to the integrator 9, so that the output of the integrator is a function of the input offset voltage and offset duration. "Offset voltage" is any voltage greater or less than zero volts DC. The output from the integrator may vary from -20 VDC to +20 VDC, with zero volts being the balance point of the bridge, i.e., when the bridge circuit is balanced and its outpout is 7.5 VDC. The integrator 9 as illustrated in FIG. 5 is designed to provide an adjustable "dead band" or interval in which the voltage to the preamplifier 8 may swing �2 volts above or below the 7.5 balanced output from the bridge circuit 5, to provide a voltage fluctuation spread or "dead band" from 5.5 to 9.5 volts, thus accommodating momentary fluctuations and precluding unnecessary triggering of the integrator. If a different "dead band" range is needed for a given application, the potentiometers R3 and R18 may be adjusted to provide the desired "dead band" limits. The provision of adjustability of this "dead band" spread through provision of preamplifier bias adjustment as illustrated is one of the improvements over the control device of application Ser. No. 456,583.
Associated with the integrator 9 in the control device is a start-up timer 12 which is a solid state, adjustable timer incorporating two mechanically linked single pole-double throw relays 12' and 12" which disable the integrator and the power supply, respectively, during start-up. The normally closed contacts 12' associated with the integrator are magnetically latched open when the timer is energized, and the normally open contacts 12" in series circuit with transformers T1 and T2 of the power supply remain open while the timer cycles, and then are magnetically latched closed to energize the power supply and the integrator when the timer times out. This permits the system parameters to fluctuate for whatever time is set in the start-up timer so that the system will not be shut down by such fluctuations, which are usually of short duration. Disabling the power supply during this timed cycle eliminates the possibility of a spurious or transient voltage surge from affecting the comparator circuit and lock-out relay LR1 (FIG. 5) during start-up. Test of the control device illustrated in Ser. No. 456,583, wherein the power supply was not disabled during start-up, indicated the possibility of randomly occurring spurious voltage surges when start-up occurred that could energize the lock-out relay unnecessarily and thus shut down the system. When the start-up timer 12 times out, contacts 12' and 12" close simultaneously, energizing the power supply, completing a path through the integrator, and causing the output from the integrator to be channelled to comparator circuits 13 and 14 which are effective, upon appropriate circumstances, to energize the lock-out relay 16. Energization of the lock-out relay 16 is effected through two current amplifiers 17 and 18 (see FIG. 5). The two comparator circuits energize the lock-out relay 16 when their input voltages reach preset levels, e.g., +10 VDC or -10 VDC. One comparator circuit is set to trip at -10 VDC, and the other comparator circuit is set to trip at -10 VDC. If either comparator circuit trips, it will allow a +20 VDC signal to energize the lock-out relay 16 through current amplifiers 17 and 18.
FIG. 2 illustrates schematically a typical installation of the control and monitoring device of this invention in a system containing a reset or lock-out relay. Line voltage is applied as indicated to the two terminal leads 21 and 22, between which are connected various types of protective devices such as the control relay 23, a high pressure safety relay 24, external motor overload relays 26, a solid state motor protector 27, and an oil failure switch 28. The control device of this invention is tapped into the system circuit as shown in broken lines and designated by the numeral 29, ahead of the reset relay contact points 31 which are activated or controlled by the reset relay solenoid coil 32. My control device is also tapped into the system circuit ahead of the low pressure safety switch 33 and the compressor contractor 34 as shown.
There are of course many systems which do not incorporate the safety features discussed in the previous paragraph, and particularly do not utilize a reset relay with appropriate contact points so that the system can be reset once it has been tripped off by the control relay 23. These systems provide a compressor contactor 34, and before the control and monitoring device of this invention is installed, the system should be provided with the reset relay solenoid 32' and the reset relay contacts 31' as shown in FIG. 3.
Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5 wherein the detailed circuitry of the device is illustrated, I have found that components having the following values, when connected as shown, provide satisfactory monitoring and control functions.
______________________________________T1 and T2 Step-down transformers 120 or 240 VAC/30 VAC at 200 ma.B1 and B2 Full Wave Bridge Module 200 PRV at 500 ma.VR1 and VR2 Lambda or equivalent voltage regulatorsTR 100K, 1/2 Watt linear taper pptentiometerTimer SPDT time delay relay 110 VAC input voltage Adjustable from 1-30 min.A1 to A4 Operational Amplifiers National Semiconductor μa741C-DIPC1 and C2 50 V, 0.33 μfd.C3 50 V, 10.0 μfd.D1 and D2 Zener Diodes -2 V at 10 μa.D3-D7 Silicon Diode IN645 (or equivalent)17 and 18 Transistors-National Semiconductor Type 2N2222LR1 SPDT Relay, 5 Amp. contacts, coil voltage 20-24 VDC at 1K ohms.R1 and R2 1000 ohms (in bridge circuit)R3, R18 10K ohmsR4, R5, 100K ohmsR9-R11,R14 & R15R7 51.0K ohmsR8 1 M ohmsR12, R13, 20K ohmsR16, R17______________________________________
In some isolated instances, it may be necessary to increase the time interval during which the control and monitoring device of the invention will permit momentary fluctuations of an existing system during the start-up period. To increase this interval, the Zener diodes D1 and D2 may be arranged as in FIG. 6 of the drawing to prevent unnecessary tripping of the system.
In summary, the present control device protects a compressor 50 against abnormal superheated conditions of a superheated gas in the suction line 52, of a refrigeration system of the type illustrated in FIG. 13. Typically, to maintain a compressor at normal operating temperatures there is a cooperative interaction between the compressor and the refrigerant being compressed. The refrigerant cannot be so hot that it causes the compressor to operate beyond a safe temperature, yet it must be hot enough to insure that there is no liquid in the return (suction) line. Heat in the return line above that required to convert all the liquid to gaseous form is called "superheat", and is a function of the temperature and pressure within the return line. The superheated refrigerant normally is admitted to the compressor at between about 42 and 55 degree F. at a pressure ranging between 55 and 70 psig. In order to protect the compressor, the pressure-to-temperature ratio should remain relatively constant, and the control device of this invention is directed to circuitry for monitoring the return line and shutting down the refrigeration system if that ratio deviates from a preset range of values. Both the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant gas in the return line are measured, and the ratio of the output signals from the pressure and temperature sensors 2 and 3 is determined in bridge circuit 5.
The bridge circuit 5 is conventional, and includes a pair of input bridges 40 and 42 which are adjusted to a balanced condition when the respective temperature and pressure sensors 2 and 3 are connected thereto, as shown in FIG. 12. The ratio of the two input bridges at their balanced values is established by adjusting an offsetting ratio network 44, and the bridge circuit is adjusted (calibrated) to produce nominal output, e.g., 7.5 volts, when the inputs are balanced, and at the correct ratio. Thereafter, the desired range of operation is established by selecting the desired range resistor (15�, 25�, etc.) and adjusting the throttling range potentiometer 7 in the throttling adjustment network 46, which is a feedback loop for a proportion voltage control amplifier 54 and a series current limiter 56. This range adjustment allows the measured values to fluctuate within a selected normal range without affecting the bridge output.
Once the normal operating range is established, the control system of the present invention functions to provide a safety shut-down (or lock-out) of the system if that range is exceeded, on either the high or low side, by a predetermined amount. Thus, the output of the bridge 5 is supplied to a scaling preamplifier 8 equipped with a potentiometer 8' which enables accurate calibration of the preamplifier, which provides an offset equal to the nominal output voltage from the bridge, e.g., 7.5 volts, and under balanced conditions and within the normal operating range of the system provides a 0 voltage output. In the circuit illustrated in copending application Ser. No. 456,583, the preamplifier circuit was designed for fixed values of resistors R3 and R6. In practice, it has been found to be impractical to find resistors that did not vary slightly in value from batch to batch, thus making it difficult to fabricate a preamplifier that exactly offsets the 7.5 volt output of the bridge. If the sensed pressure and temperature exceed (or fall below) the range determined by bridge 5, the preamplifier 8 will produce an output which is integrated in integrator 9, and supplied to comparators 13 and 14. The integrator serves as a delay so that the signal received by the comparators lags behind the output of the preamplifier, thus requiring a fault condition to exist for a predetermined period of time (determined by the integrator characteristics) before the comparator will produce an output that activates the lock-out relay 16. If the supplied voltage exceeds the base voltage supplied to the comparators by more than a preset amount, one of the comparators will supply a voltage to lock-out relay 16, which will shut down the system.
The start-up timer is provided to disable the control device at the start-up of the system, since the measured values will normally exceed the preset deviations during the period.
Having thus described the invention, what is believed to be novel and sought to be protected by letters patent of the United States is as follows:
|Cited Patent
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|Publication date
|Aug 12, 1974
|Oct 21, 1975
|Stevens Raymond F
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|Sep 18, 1979
|Nippondenso Co., Ltd.
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|Jan 20, 1981
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|Method and apparatus for monitoring pressure sensors
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|Jun 25, 1991
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|Sanden Corporation
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|Sep 21, 1990
|Oct 8, 1991
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|Dec 8, 1992
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|Oct 17, 1995
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|Oct 7, 2011
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|Air filter monitoring system
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|Sep 23, 2013
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|Aug 19, 2004
|Behr Gmbh & Co.
|Method of monitoring refrigerant level
|Aug 25, 2004
|Apr 14, 2005
|Wallace John G.
|Refrigeration control system
|Oct 13, 2004
|Apr 13, 2006
|Tracey George R Jr
|Refrigeration mechanical diagnostic protection and control device
|Jan 23, 2006
|Jun 8, 2006
|Abtar Singh
|Model-based alarming
|Mar 30, 2006
|Oct 26, 2006
|Horowitz Stephen A
|Enterprise control and monitoring system and method
|Aug 2, 2006
|Nov 30, 2006
|Horowitz Stephen A
|Enterprise controller display method
|Aug 2, 2006
|Nov 30, 2006
|Horowitz Stephen A
|Enterprise control and monitoring system
|Oct 21, 2005
|Apr 26, 2007
|Abtar Singh
|Predicting maintenance in a refrigeration system
|Oct 21, 2005
|Apr 26, 2007
|Abtar Singh
|Monitoring refrigerant in a refrigeration system
|Oct 21, 2005
|Apr 26, 2007
|Abtar Singh
|Proofing a refrigeration system operating state
|Oct 21, 2005
|Apr 26, 2007
|Abtar Singh
|Monitoring a condenser in a refrigeration system
|Oct 26, 2005
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|David Venturi
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|Sep 22, 1988
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|Refrigerating system having a compressor with an internally and externally controlled variable displacement mechanism
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|U.S. Classification
|62/115, 62/228.3, 62/158, 62/209
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Aug 15, 1989
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Nov 9, 1989
|Surcharge for late payment
|Nov 9, 1989
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Aug 17, 1993
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Jan 16, 1994
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Mar 29, 1994
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 19930116

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Video Industry News Video Company News Technology Industry News Technology Company News Novelty Industry News Novelty Company News Gay Industry News Gay Company News Legal Industry News All Company News
Released: Jun 01st, 2000
Running Time: 88
Director: William Witrock
Company: Witrock
Distribution Companies: Legend
Cast: Anya (I), Justin (I), Angel (I), Voo Doo Child, Skylar (I), Max Cady, Mike Horner, Angelina (I)
Critical Rating: AAA 1/2
Genre: Pro-Am
Pro-am, newcomers.
After a momentary interview, blond, 18-year-old Angelina and her 18-year-old boyfriend drop into a 69 position and we're off to the races. Saying "I'm in control," she rolls him on his back and drops his pussy on his dick, rolling her hips as she moans with pleasure. Skylar is up next, giving Voo Doo a teasing b.j. in tight close-up before he reciprocates - with such intensity that there's a focus lapse, and Witrock never does that. The fourth scene is somewhat marred by Angel's poor English skills, which inhibits building a rapport between her, photographer Witrock and co-star Mike Horner.
Four scenes altogether, with minimal interviewing and maximal sex. If you are still unacquainted with RSM, now's as good a time as any to introduce yourself.


text:
Dagger Alchemy, destroyed at Point Lobos
Not good
Eddyline Merlin LT had Bed liner sprayed on the hull for armor. This made it very durable!This boat and I was penned against a wall. The water pressure while under was conforming the boat and me to the wall. Lot's of pressure!
Another LT this one really took a beating. The boat was armored with Methyl methacrylate and fiberglass


text:
by Suzanne Collins
Mockingjay Chapter 1 Summary
How It All Goes Down
- Katniss Everdeen stands in the ash-covered ruins of her house. "Firebombs" (1.2) have destroyed her hometown in District 12.
- The people she's working with in District 13 didn't want her to visit the ruins of her home, but she insisted on it.
- The former Head Gamemaker turned rebel, Plutarch, backed her up.
- Katniss's head hurts from where another Hunger Games competitor, Johanna, attacked her during the Quarter Quell. She tries to remember what happened before she was rescued from the Quell, but can't quite recapture it.
- She reviews what she does know: her name, age, and the fact that she got out of the Hunger Games. Oh, and her good friend Peeta is MIA.
- Her friend Gale calls to her from his position in an air protective control. Katniss says she's all right, and moves out from her old house into the rest of the city.
- She has to walk through the remains of all the people who died as a result of her actions, when she tested the parameters of the arena used in a previous Games.
- Katniss remembers a warning she got from President Snow, who told her she could set the world aflame with what she'd done.
- So she mourns the incredible loss of life in her old district, and the fact that even the survivors have been forced to seek shelter elsewhere.
- Katniss also regrets how District 13 played a big part in destroying District 12.
- Katniss thinks back to the end of the Quarter Quell (the last Games); as soon as it happened, District 12 lost all power and was attacked from the air. Gale saved people by taking them to the Meadow where he and Katniss used to hunt.
- Among the people he saved were Katniss's mother and sister, who helped take care of the refugees until people from District 13 showed up and took 12's remaining folks to safety.
- A man named Dalton later told Katniss that the people from 13 did this not from the goodness of their hearts but because they needed more workers and citizens.
- Katniss, full of all these terrible feelings and memories, passes through the town square and by Peeta's family's bakery. The rest of Peeta's family died in the bombings. This likely doesn't help her mood.
- She stumbles over what turns out to be a piece of a gallows, and her mind fills with – yes, even more – negative, frightening images. She wishes she could contact Peeta, but she can't.
- She tries to escape from the ashes and heads to the other house she used to live in.
- Katniss goes over what other people, including the president of District 13, Alma Coin, have been trying to tell her. They want her to step forward and lead the revolution: become the Mockingjay.
- The way they treat her reminds her of the way she was treated for the arena. She can tell they wish they'd gotten Peeta out to lead the revolution, and the whole situation just makes her more unhappy.
- Katniss thinks over who else escaped from the arena: Beetee, the electrics whiz in poor health, and Finnick, the other tribute who's emotionally damaged.
- Katniss moves through her house and tries to determine what choice she should make.
- The biggest thing keeping her involved is that Peeta isn't safe yet. Otherwise she might just walk away from the responsibility and power served up on a platter for her.
- Katniss finds her sister's cat, Buttercup, and packs him up to take with her. She has to get going. She goes to get her dad's hunting coat and realizes something is wrong.
- She finds a beautiful white rose and realizes it's a message from President Snow – that he's still out to get her. Great.
- She leaves the house and gets onto the hovercraft to return to District 13, still preoccupied by the creepy warning rose.


text:
This coed camp is designed for beginning golfers with little or no experience in playing the game. Skills and other areas to be covered during the week will include putting, driving, hitting irons, chipping, rules, etiquette, and golf attire. We will conclude the week by playing an actual round of golf.
Please bring a bagged lunch.
Dates: Monday - Friday, August 1 - 5, 2016
Time: 10:00 a.m. - 3:00 p.m.
Fee: $150
Register online
For more information about a specific camp or to obtain a brochure about all academic and sports camps at Penn State Beaver, please contact the Office of Continuing Education, 724-773-3700.
Boys' Basketball and Girls' Basketball
Robotics and Advanced Robotics
Volleyball and Advanced Volleyball


text:
The 2015 Housing Market in the state of Oklahoma is a sellers market. According to Susanna Lorg, the president of the Oklahoma City Metro Association of Realtors, the most active price range is the entry-level buy-in range, which includes houses priced between $120,000 and $150,000. With inventory still low throughout the state, sellers maintain a serious advantage (particularly in the metro areas). In April of this year, realtors facilitated the … [Read more...]
The Best Real Estate Markets 2013
When considering which real estate markets are the best, it is wise to look at home sales among other aspects as this number often reveals a thriving real estate market. Below is a list of the top 25 real estate markets in America today from the least to the greatest: Oklahoma City, Oklahoma: According to trulia.com, the median sales price for homes in Oklahoma City from April 13th to June 13th was $126,000. This represents an increase of … [Read more...]
2013 Oklahoma Housing Market
Oklahoma Realtors are predicting the spring of 2013 will be one of the most successful home-buying seasons in the state since 2007. According to television news channel KTEN (¨Real Estate in Ardmore is on the Rise,¨ March 21, 2013), hopes are high among regional real estate professionals. ¨Christi Frederick is a real estate agent in Ardmore and said lately the amount of people wanting to buy and sell their home has been booming,¨ reads the … [Read more...]
Real Estate Appreciation in 2008
Only 3 States with Appreciation It's getting harder and harder to find housing markets that are doing well in what has developed into a national housing depression in most places. But there are 3 states with enough markets that are appreciating to still make the Housing Predictor top appreciation list. Texas, Oklahoma and North Dakota are the exceptions to the rule. Their majority of housing markets are experiencing appreciation or at least … [Read more...]
Higher Home Values Forecast in 85 Cities
As the recovery of the U.S. housing market gains traction, higher home values are forecast to develop by the end of 2012 in 85 cities, according to Housing Predictor analysts. The upturn in home prices is especially evident in many of the hardest hit states. The growing trend of home price inflation is developing strongly in Nevada, Arizona, Kansas, Nebraska, Oklahoma and greater portions of the Mid-West. Improving communities include five of … [Read more...]
Home Prices Forecast Higher
By Mike Colpitts Home prices in a larger number of cities are forecast to inflate in value in 2012 as many U.S. cities make inroads towards a housing recovery. Signs of progress are developing in a growing number of U.S. states, including hard hit Florida, Michigan and Mississippi. Improving conditions in many cities are attributed to growing job creation and higher prices being paid for some commodities, spurring home sales and higher … [Read more...]
2012 Oklahoma Housing Market
Higher employment levels driven by energy rich oil fields and natural gas, and a strong agricultural industry are sending most housing markets in Oklahoma into a full-fledged recovery, even as many areas of the nation suffer in the throws of the financial crisis. Stronger home sales and fewer foreclosures to hurt the values of surrounding homes along with record low mortgage rates are driving buyers back into the Oklahoma City housing market, … [Read more...]
Real Estate Markets Most Likely To Recover
The five most likely U.S. metropolitan real estate markets to recover in 2012 are demonstrating signs of economic recovery in at least a couple of areas, despite the troubled U.S. economy. However, there are few other similarities aside from growing employment and a climate for change. A sense of cautious optimism prevails in Miami, Florida where the real estate market is already rebounding. Home and condominium sales along with prices are … [Read more...]
Record High Crop Prices Inflate Home Values
By Mike Colpitts Record high prices farmers are being paid for crops in the Mid-West are pressuring home prices, and are forecast to inflate home values as the real estate collapse moves closer to an end for part of the U.S. in 2012, according to the new Housing Predictor annual forecast. In all, a total of 15 states will witness at least some cities with inflating home prices, despite the horrific foreclosure crisis and ailing economy in … [Read more...]


text:
Every Outdoor Basketball Court in Manhattan
Select your print and framing options:
Artist Statement
"Thus the life of the collector manifests a dialectical tension between the poles of disorder and order." , Walter Benjamin
My series of satellite prints is a collection of collections, in that each print houses a selection of things cut out from Google Satellite View , whether that be swimming pools, parking lots or sections of the Great Salt Lake. Though geographically they represent a vast (and fragmented) amount of landscape, the collections carry with them the feelings of smallness, vulnerability and nostalgia that I find inherent in satellite imagery. These prints are, on the one hand, collapsed pictures of my own disoriented wanderings through the endlessness of a scanned world , endlessly scrolling, endlessly zooming in. But they are also, as in any collection, acts of love. In accumulating, cutting out and ordering each piece of satellite imagery, I have fixed them here against the perpetual tide of updated satellite pictures and the ephemerality of the internet.
Jenny Odell | See All Editions
Jenny Odell is a Bay Area native who mines imagery from online environments, most typically Google Maps, in an attempt to create candid portraits of humanity and its built environment. Because her practice exists at the intersection of research and aesthetics, Odell has often been compared to a natural scientist (specifically, a lepidopterist). Her work has been exhibited at the Google Maps Headquarters, Les Rencontres D'Arles, Arts Santa Monica, Fotomuseum Antwerpen, La Gaîté Lyrique in Paris, and East Wing Gallery in Dubai. It's also turned up in TIME Magazine's LightBox, The Atlantic, The Economist, WIRED, the NPR Picture Show, and Imagine Architecture (Gestalten, 2014). Odell teaches at Stanford University. Learn more about Jenny in our In the Studio interview and our Artist Spotlight!


text:
- {{matchup.date.fullday}}{{matchup.date.month + ' ' + matchup.date.day}}
Clemson Falls 71-66 Against Florida State - Game Recap
Okaro White scored 15 points leading Florida State to a 71-66 victory over Clemson at Littlejohn Coliseum on Saturday.
Florida State was the ATS victor, as they covered the 3-point spread as an underdog.
Terry Whisnant II had 11 points for Florida State and Terrance Shannon chipped in with 11 points. Aaron Thomas had 4 assists for them, while Terrance Shannon was the team's top rebounder, grabbing 8 boards.
Clemson got 19 points from Devin Booker in a losing cause and another 15 points from K.J. McDaniels. Rod Hall contributed 3 assists for them, while Devin Booker had 11 rebounds.
Florida State hit the break leading 38-25 before taking care of business in the second half.
Clemson had a 37-33 advantage in the rebounding department as they won the battle in the paint.


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All set
to go down the South Kaibab trail.
Quite a bit of snow near the rim.
Ooh aah point.
Long way to go...
Almost half way there.
Switchbacks on the trail.
Impressive views (and drops).
First glimpse of the river!
Campground was across the river.
Residents of the campground.
Quick wash
Ranger's hut at the campground.
Bubbling brook by the campsite.
Dinner time.
On our way up the next day.
Mules got an early start too.
Wild west.
See the switchbacks on the trail?
Lunch at Indian Garden.
Cooking the old fashioned way.
Ice is good news. Getting near the rim.
Finally remembered to click one with both of us.
Made it back out of the canyon.


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I was able to customize the slider header.. but just one last thing I am trying to do..
is there a way to make the last image of the 7 the default image to show the whole thing?
not sure if you can see what i mean...
but go to.. http://www.wtf411.ca then hover the last image "crisis services" and see how the whole thing shows up? is there a way that i can get the default of that slider menu to look like that all the time instead of it partially showing them all?


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House Democrats' Key Goal: Defend Obama Against GOP
As they watched the pomp of the Republican takeover of the House on Wednesday, Democrats made no bones about readying their defenses against hard-charging GOP committee chairmen.
At the front lines will be the ranking or top Democrats on several powerful committees who will be responsible for trying to block GOP legislation and deliver the Democrats' counter message.
Few of them will be more important than Rep. Elijah Cummings (D-Md.), the top Democrat on the Oversight and Government Reform Committee chaired by Rep. Darrell Issa (R-Calif.), who has promised probes of seemingly every nook and cranny of government.
Issa has the authority to subpoena anyone to testify, on virtually any topic—without the consent of fellow committee members.
"My role is to try to make sure that we're about the business of true oversight as well as reform," Cummings said Wednesday. "We need to make sure the process is fair and that in hearings we present the entire picture."
In other words, Cummings will be defending President Obama.
Democrats believe Issa served early notice about his plans back in October, when he told conservative talk radio host Rush Limbaugh that he expects "a certain degree of gridlock as the president adjusts to the fact that he has been one of the most corrupt presidents in modern times. …He's going to have to come back a different direction."
On Wednesday, Issa defended his remarks in a recorded interview on CNN's "John King, USA," saying he hadn't intended to suggested illegal conduct on the president's part but that "people misunderstand the meaning of the word corrupt. …It's no different than a disc drive that's given you some bits that are wrong."
Cummings said Wednesday that Issa is "drawing conclusions before we ever delve into the matter."
In gearing up, Cummings has hired veteran congressional investigator David Rapallo as his Democratic staff director. Rapallo, an attorney, previously served as chief investigative counsel on the oversight committee under Democratic Rep. Henry Waxman.
Other Democrats expected to serve similar roles include Rep. John Conyers Jr., of Detroit, who is the ranking member of the Judiciary Committee. New chairman Lamar Smith (R-Texas), aided by immigration subcommittee chairman Steve King (R-Iowa), is a expected to bring legislation that would eliminate "birthright" citizenship for children born in the U.S. to illegal immigrants.
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Rwanda Holds Key Rate to Bolster Growth Amid Donor Aid Cuts
Rwanda left its key lending rate unchanged for a third meeting to help support an economy under pressure from the suspension and delay of foreign aid.
The policy rate remains at 7.5 percent, where it's stood since May, National Bank of Rwanda Governor Claver Gatete told reporters today in the capital, Kigali.
International oil prices are stabilizing, regional inflation has slowed and "there is no pressure on foodstuffs in the region, so we decided to keep the benchmark interest rate unchanged," he said.
Rwanda may cut its 2013 economic growth forecast to as low as 6 percent, from 7.5 percent, after a United Nations group of experts accused the country of backing the insurgent M23 group in eastern Congo, prompting Western donors to withhold aid. Rwandan President Paul Kagame denies any involvement. External support accounts for about 40 percent of Rwanda's planned spending in the current financial year through June 2013.
The fallout from the allegations also forced Rwanda to postpone plans to issue its maiden dollar-denominated foreign bond because the perception of increased political risk causes investors to demand higher yields, Gatete said on Dec. 5.
Rwanda is rebuilding its economy after about 800,000 people, or more than a 10th of its population, were killed in a 1994 genocide when ethnic Hutu militias slaughtered minority Tutsis and moderate Hutus over a 100-day period.
The country's expansion is on track to "surpass" 7.7 percent this year, Gatete said. Still, a poor economic backdrop in Europe may further undermine Rwanda's growth next year as it may damage the main sources of the country's foreign-exchange earnings including tourism, coffee and tea exports, he said.


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Ohio Republican forced to retract voter supression threat
Facing calls by area members of Congress for a Justice Department investigation, Secretary of State John Husted retracted a threat not to process mail ballot applications sent to voters by the Cuyahoga County government.
Working class issues highlighted in Kentucky governor's race
The latest polls for the Kentucky gubernatorial election show a lead for the Democrat, with 52 percent of likely voters leaning towards him.
Ohio rallies for union rights, voter rights
Thousands rallied in Columbus and hundreds in Cleveland Saturday to support efforts to repeal laws suppressing trade union and voting rights enacted by the extremist Republican administration of Gov. John Kasich.
Koch money aids Scott Walker in Wisconsin voter suppression
It appears that the GOP is not alone in initiating voter suppression: Americans for Prosperity has joined in on the action.
Wisconsin recall drive falls one seat short
With the GOP holding a 19-14 lead in the state senate, labor-backed Democrats needed to win three of the six races to wrest control.
Right wing running scared in Wisconsin
With the first big electoral test of whether organized labor can successfully push back at the polls against the radical right, it is apparent here that labor's opponents are running scared.


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Welcome to the Newton Department of Health and Human Services Website. I am Dori Zaleznik, the Commissioner of this department. We have reorganized our site to help you to get the information you need more easily. The mission of the department is to protect, promote and sustain the health, harmony, and well-being of all Newton residents, in a culturally-sensitive, customer-friendly manner. Our focus is on prevention.
How do we attempt to accomplish such a broad mission? Our department is organized into five different divisions: Environmental Health, School Health, Public Health and Education, Emergency Preparedness, and Human Services.
• Environmental Health enforces state laws, codes, local ordinances and regulations around safety including for food establishments, swimming pools, housing complaints etc.
• We oversee the school health program and employ all of the school nurses. The medical needs of children in public schools today can be quite complex, and the presence of a highly trained school nurse in each school building is essential for the health and well-being of our young students.
• Public health and education focuses on community disease prevention and health promotion including conducting public health nurse run health maintenance clinics, flu immunization clinics, and follow up of communicable disease reports from the state. This division also is assisting in wellness programs for city employees and the community.
• Emergency preparedness is essential for all municipalities. Our department participates with other public safety officials in planning and training for all types of emergencies and organizes the volunteer Medical Reserve Corps.
• While many view Newton as a wealthy community, we have many vulnerable populations including those with financial needs, families in crisis, individuals with disabilities, and victims of discrimination. Within the human services division, we have a community social worker and two part-time mental health nurses. The city contracts out for youth outreach and other mental health services. All of these providers strive to assist our residents without regard for socioeconomic status, race or ethnic background.
You will find a link to each of the five divisions on the left hand side of this page. As examples:
• If you need a form for a license or permit, click on environmental health.
• If you are looking for school health information such as vaccine requirements for school entry, click on school health.
• If you want to know what resources are available through our community social worker, click on human services.
• If you want to volunteer for the Medical Reserve Corps to assist others in the event of an emergency, click on emergency preparedness.
We also post current information about public health issues. We hope you find what you need when you come to this website and that you will visit regularly. Stay tuned for exciting features and new programming to come. If you have more questions, don't hesitate to contact us at 617-796-1420. We are open from 8:30 a.m. until 5:00 p.m. Monday through Friday and Tuesdays until 8:00 p.m.


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Merry Unbirthday Alice In Wonderland Cake
Alice in Wonderland on top of a half sheet cake with purple and lavender Cheshire Cat stripes. Alice was created with vintage Wilton Storybook Doll pan. All buttercream icing. Cheshire cat face done with buttercream on wax paper, frozen then transferred to cake.
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Oscar Mayer Lunchables Mega Pack Ultimate Nachos Cheese & Salsa 6.7 oz ()
found in
Oscar Mayer
Oscar Mayer Lunchables Mega Pack Ultimate Nachos Cheese & Salsa 6.7 oz ingredients (72)
Lunchables Cola, Water Carbonated, Corn Syrup High Fructose, Caramel Color, Phosphoric Acid, Citric Acid, Caffeine, Flavors Natural, Tortillas Chips, Corn Whole Grain, Vegetables Oil, Salt, Cheese Dip, Cheese Dip, Water, Cheese Cheddar, Soybeans Oil, Corn Syrup Dried, Whey, Cheese Enzyme Modified ( Milk, Water, Milk Fat, Sodium Phosphate, Cheese Culture, Salt, Enzymes, Vitamin A Palmitate ), Sodium Phosphate, Salt, Vinegar, Sodium Alginate, Lactic Acid, Monoglyceride, Sorbic Acid, As Preservatives, Apocarotenal, Color(s), Salsa, Water, Tomatoes Paste, Peppers Green Chili, Vinegar, Peppers Bell Green, Onions Dehydrated, Contains less than 22% of, Salt, Corn Syrup High Fructose, Food Starch Modified, Garlic Powder, Sodium Benzoate, and, Potassium Sorbate, As Preservatives, Citric Acid, Spices, Candies, Corn Syrup, Dextrose, Sugar, Coconut Oil Hydrogenated, Malic Acid, Magnesium Stearate, Eggs Albumen, Silicon Dioxide, Flavors Artificial, Xanthan Gum, Mono and Diglycerides, Carnauba Wax, Red 40 Lake, Yellow 5 Lake, Yellow 6 Lake, Yellow 6, Red 3, Blue 2 Lake, Blue 1, Blue 1 Lake
ingredients color
• controversial • avoid • non-controversial
members, please sign in to view which ingredients are on your
personalized "avoid" list.
personalized "avoid" list.
things to know
This product contains multiple controversial ingredients
Contains trans-fat
High in calories per serving
High in sugar(s)
Low in Saturated Fat per serving
Great source of Iron
Low in cholesterol per serving
Contains both naturally occuring and added vitamins
Contains fiber
Excellent source of Vitamin C
Excellent source of Vitamin A
Low in sodium per serving
Excellent source of Calcium
Soybeans Oil is exempt from being labeled as a soy allergen according to U.S. labeling laws. There are only slight traces of the soy protein present to trigger a reaction, however people who are allergic to soy should use caution and check with their allergist before consuming this product.
Coconut Oil Hydrogenated : Whether coconut should be considered a tree nut is a matter of some controversy. The FDA mandates that coconut be considered a tree nut for labeling purposes; however, as the Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Network notes, coconut allergies are exceedingly rare, with fewer than 10 reported cases. A June 2007 study in the Annals of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology indicated cross-reactivity between coconuts, walnuts, and hazelnuts in one patient. Your allergist can advise you on the suitability of coconut for your diet.
Oscar Mayer Lunchables Mega Pack Ultimate Nachos Cheese & Salsa 6.7 oz Nutrition Facts
Serving Size: 189 g
Servings Per Container: 1
Servings Per Container: 1
amount per serving:
calories from fat: 290
total calories per container: 780
total calories from fat: 290
% daily value* (DV)
recommended (DV)
total fat 32g
trans fat 0g
polyunsaturated fat 0 g
monounsaturated fat 0g
total carbohydrate 113g
protein 9g
Vitamin A
Vitamin C
Weight Watchers Winning Points® Value* = 17
Weight Watchers PointsPlus® Value* = 21
Weight Watchers SmartPoints® Value* = 32
Weight Watchers PointsPlus® Value* = 21
Weight Watchers SmartPoints® Value* = 32
*Weight Watchers® and Points® are registered trademarks of Weight Watchers International, Inc. The number of Points provided here were calculated by Food Facts, Inc. based on published Weight Watchers International, Inc. information and do not imply sponsorship or endorsement of such number of Points, Food Facts, Inc., or the above product by Weight Watchers International, Inc.


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Reload the page and try again.
Off-Campus Dining:
Very delicious healthy food, but VERY expensive.They have no student discounts!
Off-Campus Dining:
Living in New York City, options are plentiful. Options around the school can be expensive at times, because this is the Upper East Side and what isn't expensive here.
Off-Campus Dining:
Its a bit of a walk to find something other than pizza and chipotle.
Off-Campus Dining:
The food cart. thats all I have to say
Off-Campus Dining:
Some of the best things near the school were the food carts and pizza places. They were a bit more affordable than the cafeteria option. It would have been nice to have more variety and affordability though.
{{review.SectionLabel}} at {{review.EntityName}}:
Sorry, there are no reviews.
Since Hunter is right in the middle of Manhattan, there are a wide variety of places to eat. Unfortunately, most places are rather too expensive for college students to eat at every day. However, there are a few places such as the halal stands around Hunter and a 24-hour grocery/deli/buffet shop on 72nd and Lexington that are relatively affordable. There is also The Food Emporium that's three minutes away from Hunter, and Walgreens, which has ready-to-go meals if you are in a hurry.
For healthy food, there is a fruit stand in front of Hunter, an Au Bon Pain store a few stops away (on the 6 train), and a Hale and Hearty store near Hunter. For those that like fast food, the closest McDonald's or Wendy's is on First Avenue. Around the main campus and the dorms, there's enough variety to keep you satisfied—Indian, Thai, Italian, you name it. A number of places offer Hunter students a discount; they won't ask you if you're a student, though, so be ready with your ID when you pay. There are many places to eat at in and around Hunter; however, a lot of them tend to be slightly expensive, and it takes a while for one to decide which restaurants and stores are in your price range or offer the types of food you enjoy.
Non-registered users are limited to 5 school profile page views per month.
Register for free to gain full access!


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5 years in jail for heroin chargesFebruary 09,2013Five-year jail term
for heroin charges
BRATTLEBORO A Connecticut man has been sentenced to serve five years in prison for selling heroin.
Jesse Anderson of Hartford pleaded guilty last month to three counts of heroin sale or delivery. He was arrested in September following an investigation that resulted in police-controlled purchases of 91 bags of heroin.
Court documents say police used a cooperating individual to set up an initial drug buy in August from a man they knew only as Country, according to the Brattleboro Reformer. He was later identified as the 33-year-old Anderson.
Police said the deal was supposed to be for 20 bags of heroin, but the informant returned with only 18. The informant then returned to Country, who apologized by offering three more bags.MORE IN This Just InNORTH BENNINGTON Two public meetings, in North Bennington and Shaftsbury, have been set for... Full StoryThe Board of Aldermen has endorsed a major jump in city pension funding. Full StoryHUBBARDTON The annual celebration of Hubbardton has been moved to Sunday due to the weather... Full Story
- Most Popular
- Most Emailed


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Hi Guys
Can folks go and have a look at http://www.abistudios.co.uk and give a critique of the design? My first go and I have spent a lot of the day at it!
Also could anybody explain why the links in the brown column are so far over? Can't work it out!


text:
Noonan Syndrome (cont.)
In this Article
- Noonan syndrome facts*
- What is Noonan syndrome?
- What are the signs and symptoms of Noonan syndrome?
- How common is Noonan syndrome?
- What genes are related to Noonan syndrome?
- How do people inherit Noonan syndrome?
- What other names do people use for Noonan syndrome?
What other names do people use for Noonan syndrome?
- familial Turner syndrome
- Female Pseudo-Turner Syndrome
- Male Turner Syndrome
- Noonan-Ehmke syndrome
- pseudo-Ullrich-Turner syndrome
- Turner-like syndrome
- Turner's phenotype, karyotype normal
- Turner syndrome in female with X chromosome
- Ullrich-Noonan syndrome
"Noonan syndrome." Genetics Home Reference. 30 Dec. 2013.
Last Editorial Review: 12/30/2013
Source: MedicineNet.com
Women's Health
Find out what women really need.


text:
Deals (2)
About this Business
- HoursSun-MonClosedTue-Fri10:00 AM - 6:00 PMSat10:00 AM - 3:00 PM
From Our Editors
From hair care services to massages, Lakeside's Day Dreams Salon and Day Spa offers a wide variety of full-service salon services. On the hunt for a professional and relaxing facial? Look no further than this salon. Even your skin tone with some tanning at Day Dreams Salon and Day Spa's tanning salon, offering services like airbrush tan. The professional stylists at this salon are readily available for all of your hair care needs, such as haircuts and coloring processes. Body hair can be hard to maintain, but Day Dreams Salon and Day Spa's hair removal services can help keep pesky unwanted hair away longer.
Beauty services at this salon are always available when you need them. All you have to do is walk in the establishment. Paying by cash or credit card should be your choice and at Day Dreams Salon and Day Spa it is. Day Dreams Salon and Day Spa is surrounded by a number of street parking options for patrons. Call Day Dreams Salon and Day Spa to check for openings and take advantage of these great services today.


text:
You are using an outdated browser. Please upgrade your browser to improve your experience.
warmongers hd
Instead Of Defending Your Castle, Go Out And Plunder The Battle Fields With Your Warmongers
This castle defense game puts your soldiers on the offensive side of the strategy. Fight enemies on their land instead of yours.
Lory Gil
| June 21


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Just wanted to say "Thanks" for the super service. Last week I placed my first order with you, to be delivered to my granddaughter in Arkansas. Since I live in Oregon, I don't get to see her very often, but we share a love of crafting & she frequently asks me to send her supplies that her dad can't find in their small town, you can be sure that I'll be send her more from your site in the future! Thank you again for your exceptional service!
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Americana Acrylic Dimensional Writers
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DuraClear Poly Varnishes


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The Caravelle Features Nine Great Buildings in One Amazing Resort
The Caravelle Resort
The Caravelle Resort building has been a Myrtle Beach standard for decades and after a recent transformation, The Caravelle has set a new standard in luxury at a spectacular value. Offering a variety of oceanfront and ocean view efficiencies and suites, The Caravelle offers accommodations for families, couples, golfers, and more!
Carolina Dunes
Our Carolina Dunes property offers oceanfront two and three bedroom condos. These condos are a good fit for larger families and small golf groups with 1200 - 1400 sq. feet of space. Your family or small group is sure to have plenty of space to enjoy after a long day on the beach or course. Guests of Carolina Dunes are able to use all of the amenities at The Caravelle Resort building.
St. Clement's Suites
The famous pink St. Clement's building offers a variety of oceanfront and ocean view suites. Each unit has a bedroom with a double bed, living room with a queen bed and sleeper sofa and a full kitchen. The units offer an oversized private balcony with amazing views of the Atlantic. The St. Clement's Pool Bar and Grill is located right out in front of the building for convenient quick dining and cool drinks. Guests of St. Clement's building are able to use all of the amenities at The Caravelle Resort building
Caravelle Tower
The Caravelle Tower is ocean view next door to the main resort building and offers studios and 2 room efficiencies. All units offer a fully equipped kitchen with coffeemaker and coffee and daily housekeeping. Studios include a king bed and sleeper sofa, while two room efficiencies offer choice of a total of 2 or 3 queen beds and sleeper sofa in the 2 rooms. The Caravelle Tower offers an indoor/outdoor pool and guests can use all of the amenities at The Caravelle Resort building.
Sea Mark Tower
The Sea Mark Tower is a great value option for families and other groups looking for the extra space of a large condo on your beach trip. Located across the street from the ocean, Sea Mark Tower offers a variety of spacious three bedroom condominiums. Sea Mark Tower provides guests with an outdoor pool and whirlpool in the marsh setting. Guests of Sea Mark Tower are also able to use the amenities at The Caravelle Resort building.
Arbor/Dry Dock/Harborside
The Arbor, Dry Dock and Harborside buildings offer two bedroom, two bathroom condos with living rooms and full kitchens. Located across the street from the ocean, these buildings all offer an outdoor pool for guests. All guests of these buildings are able to use the amenities at The Caravelle Resort building.
St. John's Inn
The St. John's Inn is a Myrtle Beach tradition that offers rooms and efficiencies with either two queen beds or one king bed. The St. John's Inn is located across the street from the ocean and offers a large outdoor pool and outdoor whirlpool on the beautiful brick pool deck. The Caravelle Conference Center at St. John's Inn is a convenient meeting and banquet spot for guests of St. John's Inn. Guests of St. John's Inn are able to use all of the amenities at The Caravelle Resort building.
Military Discount
To thank you for your service and dedication to our country, we are offering an additional 5% discount off our Best Available Rates.> BOOK NOW
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Summer Nights At Broadway At The Beach07/30/16
Enjoy summer the right way at Broadway at the Beach! There will be musicians, comedians, characters and performers from across the country performing every day.
SummerFest! at Barefoot Landing07/30/16
SummerFest! is here from June 1 to September 3 with boardwalk entertainers to amaze and amuse every night from 7 p.m. to 10 p.m.
Live Music on The Deck at the House of Blues07/30/16
Head to The Deck at the House of Blues for live music and entertainment all summer!


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I belatedly went to see The Hours, the Virginia Woolf biopic that figures to dominate Oscar night with its trifecta of female stars. The Hours is based on Michael Cunningham's Pulitzer Prize-winning novel of the same title, itself an homage to Woolf and her 1925 novel, Mrs. Dalloway. The film is thus an adaptation of a novel's meditation on another novel's rumination on suicide. Sound complicated? This is one movie you'd love to hear being pitched to the studio execs.
With its daunting leaps in time and place, Cunningham's novel presents a formidable challenge for a filmmaker, but David Hare's screenplay is audaciously faithful, giving us far-flung characters joined by thematic and circumstantial threads. Woolf's novel took a day in the life of Clarissa Dalloway, an English matron hosting a party amid an inner turmoil of unhappiness, and tied it to the simultaneous suicide of another character, the poet Septimus Smith, whom Mrs. Dalloway does not know, but who suffers a similar deep disaffection. These are characters united not by acquaintance, but by psychological affinity and spiritual predicament. The movie, like Cunningham's novel, takes this conceit and runs with it, intercutting a day in the life of Woolf (Nicole Kidman) during the writing of Mrs. Dalloway with pivotal days in the much later lives of two of her readers: Laura Brown (Julianne Moore), a housewife in 1950s Southern California, and Clarissa...
Links[1] https://www.commonwealmagazine.org/user/login?destination=print/30248
[2] https://www.commonwealmagazine.org/subscribe-Commonweal


text:
This question may be asked many times but I couldn't able to get a clear answer, so please forgive me.
I've an ASP.NET MVC blog running successfully, recently I came to know that google see both the requests
http://www.myblog.com and
http://myblog.com as different.
So I thought of doing some redirect from one to other but not sure from which one to other I've to do the redirect. Means, I want to do the 301 redirect from
http://www to
http:// or vice-versa.
Additionaly in the sitemap file I've specified the urls as
http://www.* and in google web master tools the site is displayed as
Can someone please help me on this?


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I'm using my WordPress blog to chronicle a 14-day "research project" (exploring Pinterest).
Each blog post is associated with the same Category and identical Post Tags.
Each title and slug is _almost_ identical to every other:
titles: "14 days exploring Pinterest, Day #[n]"
slugs: "exploring-pinterest-day-[dd]"
Should YARPP (I'm using 4.02 with WP3.5) be able to AUTOMATICALLY add each new post to previously published posts?
It didn't appear to be doing so. (I have 3 days posted as of this writing.)
The Day 1 and Day 2 YARPP lists weren't showing the Day 3 link after I published the Day 3 post. What I did - which worked - was Quick-Edit the Day 1 and Day 2 posts (just Quick-Edit, Save).
Here are my pertinent settings:
Match threshold: 2
Titles: "consider with extra weight"
Bodies, Categories, Tags: "consider"
(GREAT plugin, BTW.)
Jeff Cohan


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Cooler Master CM Storm Scout 2 Advanced review -
Product Showcase - Interior
So that top HDD could be removed should you not be able to mount a very lengthy graphics card up to 399mm / 15.7 inch. Realistically, however, is the fact that the most long graphics cards are 31 cm in length.
Above a production shot of the chassis, here you can see the overall LED lighting a little better. The two fans in the front will light up white. Photo's hardly do the chassis any justice as it really is an impressive piece of machinery alright.
The Scout 2 Advanced has a very sturdy feel to it as well, likely thanks to a good build quality. Motherboard installation is rather simple. The chassis will allow Micro ATX / ATX motherboard form factors so most motherboards are compatible.
Remember all fans are PWM controlled, so if your motherboard allows it, you can control the fan RPM. If not you could use a fan controller of course. The fans themselves are as noisy as you want them to be, but overall the chassis will produce a normal noise level if you keep all fans at say 40% rotation, and that will offer you a truckload of airflow.
A review on the Cooler Master Quick Fire XTi mechanical keyboard. This model has Cherry MX Brown switches and comes with new RB (yes not RGB) LEDs. Overall a simple yet very versatile keyboard with some very cool p...
Cooler Master MasterCase 5 (Pro) review
We review the new Cooler Master MasterCase 5 (Pro), a product series that is dsigned to mod and alter your chassis and transform it into something you make. The base chassis is just gorgeous to look ...
Cooler Master Nepton 240M review
We test and review the all new Cooler Master Nepton 240M, an All-in-One Liquid cooler kit that is performing quite OK in a very saturated LCS kit market. Can it keep up with similar products? Let's f...
Cooler Master Cosmos SE review
We review the new Cooler Master Cosmos SE. Based on the popular Cosmos design the more compact chassis now is available as an all black full tower, this chassis is just gorgeous to look at and has space for full size ATX motherboards, it comes with dark side panels and a whole lot of new innovations. Wanna have a peek ?