text:
Values are the mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated. BMD = bone mineral density; GC = glucocorticoid; NS = not significant.
Special Article
Osteoporosis and fractures in systemic lupus erythematosus
Version of Record online: 28 DEC 2011
DOI: 10.1002/acr.20568
Copyright © 2012 by the American College of Rheumatology
Arthritis Care & Research
Volume 64, Issue 1, pages 2–8, January 2012
Additional Information
How to Cite
Bultink, I. E. M. (2012), Osteoporosis and fractures in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Care Res, 64: 2–8. doi: 10.1002/acr.20568
Publication History
- Issue online: 28 DEC 2011
- Version of Record online: 28 DEC 2011
- Accepted manuscript online: 31 AUG 2011 06:09AM EST
- Manuscript Accepted: 20 JUL 2011
- Manuscript Received: 28 MAR 2011
- Abstract
- Article
- References
- Cited By
- Top of page
- Introduction
- Osteoporosis in SLE
- Fractures in SLE
- Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and fractures
Osteoporosis and fractures contribute to damage in one of the most frequently involved organ systems in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): the musculoskeletal system. In recent studies, a high frequency of low bone mineral density (BMD) and both peripheral and vertebral fractures has been demonstrated in patients with SLE. Moreover, a relative high frequency of undertreatment of SLE patients with manifest osteoporosis or at high risk of the development of osteoporosis has been reported. These findings highlight the need to develop better strategies for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and fractures as important disease complications in SLE.
SLE is a chronic autoimmune disease that usually affects women. Because survival of SLE patients has improved over the last decades, attention is now focused on complications that contribute to increased morbidity and mortality. The etiology of bone loss and the occurrence of fractures in SLE is supposed to be multifactorial, involving both non–disease-related and disease-related factors. Importantly, several risk factors associated with reduced BMD and fractures in SLE are modifiable by lifestyle measures or medication. This review discusses the etiology of osteoporosis and fractures in patients with SLE and proposes measures for the prevention and treatment of these complications.
Significance & Innovations
The etiology of bone loss in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is supposed to be multifactorial, including traditional osteoporosis risk factors, inflammation, metabolic factors, and medication-induced adverse effects.
The occurrence of symptomatic fractures is increased 5-fold in women with SLE.
Prevalent vertebral fractures are present in 20–26.1% of the SLE patients, and 1 in 3 of these patients has normal bone mineral density at the lumbar spine and hip.
Several risk factors associated with osteoporosis and fractures in SLE are modifiable by lifestyle measures or medication.
Osteoporosis in SLE
- Top of page
- Introduction
- Osteoporosis in SLE
- Fractures in SLE
- Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and fractures
Etiology of osteoporosis in SLE.
The etiology of bone loss in SLE is supposed to be multifactorial, including traditional osteoporosis risk factors, inflammation, metabolic factors, hormonal factors, serologic factors, and medication-induced adverse effects (Figure 1).
Traditional osteoporosis risk factors.
Similar to findings in the general population, age (5–7), postmenopausal status (5, 8), and low body weight (7) or low body mass index (BMI) (5, 7, 8) are independent risk factors for osteoporosis in SLE patients. In addition, reduced lean body mass is associated with low BMD in SLE (9).
The influence of sex on BMD in SLE is unclear, since the majority of studies investigated (almost) exclusively female patients. Of the few studies performed in male patients, one demonstrated reduced BMD in men with SLE compared to healthy controls (10).
In the general population, white ethnicity is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis, whereas African American ethnicity is associated with a higher peak bone mass (11). In 2 studies in SLE patients, white (12) or non–African Caribbean ethnicity (13) was a risk factor for osteoporosis, while another study showed reduced BMD in African American women as compared to whites (14). The reasons for these conflicting results are unclear and warrant further research on this subject. In general, the reported prevalence of osteoporosis in premenopausal Asian patients with SLE is lower (1.4–6.1%) than that reported in white patients (4, 15), but BMD was significantly lower in premenopausal Asian patients who had had glucocorticoid (GC) treatment than in those who had not (4). In postmenopausal Asian women, the frequency of osteoporosis (48%) is in the same range as whites (2, 4).
Smoking and excessive alcohol use have adverse effects on bone. Smoking is not reported as a risk factor for bone loss in SLE (5, 8, 10, 13, 16), but has been identified as a risk factor for osteoporotic fractures in a large study from the Hopkins Lupus Cohort (17), while the percentage of current smokers among SLE patients is not different from healthy controls (10, 18). Alcohol use was associated with bone loss in male lupus patients in Hong Kong (10).
Role of inflammation.
Systemic inflammation in SLE may contribute to bone loss by increasing osteoclastic bone resorption and by reducing osteoblastic bone formation. In patients with active disease, increased serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) (19) and elevated levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (20) are demonstrated. Oxidized lipids can activate T cells, which may induce increased production of RANKL and TNF. Both RANKL and TNF increase the maturation and activity of osteoclasts (19). Moreover, oxidized LDL might also negatively influence bone formation by reducing osteoblast maturation (21). Decreased serum levels of osteocalcin, a marker for bone formation, and increased crosslinks excretion in the urine, a marker for bone resorption, were demonstrated in premenopausal women with untreated recently diagnosed SLE (22).
In the Hopkins Lupus Cohort, low serum complement C4 levels (a measure of active disease) were a predictor of low lumbar spine BMD (7). In patients with prolonged periods of disease activity, organ damage will accumulate. Several studies report a relationship between higher organ damage index and reduced BMD (5, 12, 23, 24), which suggests that disease activity adversely affects bone mass in SLE. However, clinical studies fail to demonstrate an association between disease activity score and BMD (4, 8, 12, 24), which might be explained by the cross-sectional design of these studies.
Inflammation-induced lupus nephritis occurs in 50–60% of SLE patients ever during the disease course and can result in renal failure (25). In severe renal failure, bone loss is increased by the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism and increased osteoclastic bone resorption, and by the development of low 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH]2D) serum levels, which might impair intestinal calcium absorption. However, an association between impaired renal function and low BMD was reported in only 1 study, in older female lupus patients (5). Importantly, the majority of studies performed employed decreased renal function as an exclusion criterion. Therefore, the impact of renal disease on bone mass in SLE is still partly unclear.
Metabolic factors.
Hyperhomocysteinemia and vitamin D deficiency are metabolic conditions associated with SLE that can induce bone loss.
Hyperhomocysteinemia adversely affects bone quality by stimulating bone resorption and by disturbing collagen crosslinking (26). In the general population, high homocysteine levels have been associated with bone loss (27). In SLE patients, an increased prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia was demonstrated, but homocysteine levels were not associated with BMD change (18).
Studies in different geographic regions show an increased prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among SLE patients (28–30). Moreover, low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels were associated with low BMD in the lumbar spine in Dutch SLE patients (8).
Several factors might negatively influence vitamin D status in SLE: photosensitivity, dark skin pigment, use of sunscreen, renal failure, GC use, and probably hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) use, disease activity, and anti–vitamin D antibodies.
Ultraviolet light intolerance is highly frequent in SLE patients and leads to avoidance of sun exposure and subsequent reduced de novo vitamin D synthesis in the skin.
Patients with darker skin pigment might be at an increased risk for the development of vitamin D deficiency, since melanin blocks vitamin D synthesis in the skin. Kamen and colleagues demonstrated that African American patients indeed had significantly lower vitamin D levels than whites (31).
Patients with SLE are strongly advised to use sunscreen continuously, which can lead to decreased and sometimes completely stopped de novo vitamin D synthesis in the skin. Studies have shown that continuous use of sunscreen can reduce serum vitamin D levels (32).
Renal failure induces low 1,25(OH)2D levels by loss of the renal enzyme hydroxylase α1. Recently, an association between high serum creatinine and low 1,25(OH)2D levels in SLE patients was reported (30).
GC treatment might reduce vitamin D levels by suppressing the intestinal calcium absorption. Toloza and colleagues found an association between cumulative GC exposure and low serum levels of both 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D (30).
The antimalarial HCQ, which is frequently used for the treatment of SLE, is supposed to inhibit the conversion of 25(OH)D to 1,25(OH)2D by inhibiting hydroxylation α1. A cross-sectional study in SLE patients demonstrated lower 1,25(OH)2D levels in HCQ users as compared to nonusers, while 25(OH)D levels were not different between both groups (29). However, another study showed higher 25(OH)D levels in HCQ users (33).
In contrast to a cross-sectional study demonstrating a negative association between vitamin D levels and disease activity (28), a longitudinal study did not confirm this relationship (34).
The role of anti–vitamin D antibodies in SLE is unclear. These antibodies were detected in 4% of SLE patients, but were not related to vitamin D serum levels (35).
Hormonal factors.
SLE is characterized by a relatively high estrogenic and low androgenic state. In patients with SLE, increased hydroxylation α16 of estradiol, increased testosterone oxidation, and a decrease in dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) have been described (36). In addition, an association between low dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) levels and low BMD in patients with SLE has been reported (37).
Serologic factors.
Mok and colleagues studied the relationship between serologic profile and BMD in postmenopausal SLE patients in Hong Kong and revealed that the presence of anti-Sm and absence of anti-Ro were associated with a higher BMD at the lumbar spine (2). The relationship between the absence of anti-Ro and higher bone mass might be explained by the fact that patients with positive anti-Ro are generally advised against sun exposure (2).
Role of medication.
GCs are extensively used for the treatment of SLE disease flares and complications. GCs predominantly affect trabecular bone and the cortical rim of the vertebral body. However, in prolonged use, GCs can also affect the cortex of long bones. On the other hand, GCs might also have beneficial effects by reducing the adverse effects of systemic inflammation on bone. Cross-sectional studies on the relationship between GC use and BMD in SLE show conflicting results. In contrast to studies reporting an association between GC use and low BMD in the lumbar spine or at the hip (12, 16), other studies did not demonstrate any relationship between GC use and BMD (5, 8). Only a few longitudinal studies on BMD change and its determinants, in small groups of SLE patients and with a relative short followup duration, were performed (3, 38–41) (Table 1). The studies by Kipen et al and Jardinet et al demonstrate that lumbar spine bone loss occurs exclusively in patients treated with a mean prednisone dosage of >7.5 mg/day (39, 40). Boyanov et al showed increased bone loss in both the lumbar spine and hip in patients treated with GC as compared to patients who had never taken GC (3).
|Author, year (ref.)
|No. of patients (no. of GC users)
|Mean followup duration, months
|Daily prednisone dosage in GC users, mg/day
|Change in lumbar spine BMD
|Change in hip BMD
|Influence of GCs on BMD change
|Pons et al, 1995 (41)
|21 (21)
|36.6 ± 12.7
|7.9 ± 3.8
|Hansen et al, 1998 (38)
|36 (17)
|Kipen et al, 1999 (40)
|32 (21)
|Prednisone ≥7.5 mg/day significant BMD lumbar spine
|Jardinet et al, 2000 (39)
|35 (28)
|15.8 ± 14.9
|Prednisone >7.5 mg/day significant BMD lumbar spine
|Boyanov et al, 2003 (3)
|48 (32)
|−4.20%/year (GC users) −1.02%/year (nonusers)
|−3.59%/year (GC users) −0.83%/year (nonusers)
|Prednisone users increased BMD lumbar spine and hip
HCQ use was associated with higher BMD in the lumbar spine (2, 12) and at the hip (12) in 2 cross-sectional studies in female SLE patients. In contrast, male SLE patients who had ever used HCQ had significantly lower BMD both in the lumbar spine and at the hip as compared to patients who had never taken HCQ (10). Clearly, further studies of the relationship between HCQ use and BMD in large groups of SLE patients as well as in patients with other diseases treated with HCQ are needed.
Fractures in SLE
- Top of page
- Introduction
- Osteoporosis in SLE
- Fractures in SLE
- Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and fractures
Epidemiology and etiology of symptomatic fractures.
In a population-based cohort of 702 women with SLE, fracture occurrence was nearly 5-fold compared with healthy women of a similar age (42). The combined risk for hip and vertebral fractures was increased with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.9 in a Swedish study (43). Symptomatic fractures since lupus diagnosis occur in 6–12.5% of patients (7, 13, 42, 44), and the hip/femur, vertebra, rib, foot, ankle, and arm are the most frequent sites of fractures (7, 42, 44). Age (7, 13, 42), postmenopausal status (7), smoking (17), disease duration (44), renal insufficiency (17), Raynaud's syndrome (17), lupus anticoagulant (17), and reduced BMD (13) are reported as risk factors for symptomatic fractures in SLE patients. In addition, GC treatment (both cumulative and highest dose [7, 45]) is a predictor of osteoporotic fractures, and longer use of GCs is associated with time from lupus diagnosis to fracture (42).
Epidemiology and etiology of (prevalent) vertebral fractures.
In a case–control study, the risk for (symptomatic) vertebral fractures in SLE patients was increased with an OR of 2.2 (43). However, studies focusing on symptomatic fractures have a disadvantage in that only one-third of all vertebral fractures come to clinical attention (46). Identifying prevalent vertebral fractures is important, since prevalent vertebral deformities are associated with reduced quality of life (47), an increased mortality rate, and an increased risk of future fractures in the general population (48).
Only a few studies on prevalent vertebral fractures (using a standardized method of scoring vertebral deformities) were performed, which demonstrated the presence of at least 1 vertebral fracture in 20–26.1% of the SLE patients (8, 24, 49, 50) (Table 2). Low BMD (24, 49, 50), age (24, 50), previous use of intravenous methylprednisolone (8), male sex (8), and, surprisingly, higher BMI (50) were associated with vertebral fractures.
|Author, year (ref.)
|No. of patients
|Age, years
|% with ≥1 vertebral fracture
|Risk factors
|Bultink et al, 2005 (8)
|41.1 ± 13
|Previous treatment with MP IV Male sex
|Borba et al, 2005 (49)
|32.8 ± 8.1
|Low BMD lumbar spine and/or hip number of fractures
|Mendoza-Pinto et al, 2009 (24)
|Median 43
|Age Low hip BMD
|Li et al, 2009 (50)
|47.9 ± 10.5
|Age Low lumbar spine BMD High body mass index
Importantly, among the patients with vertebral fractures, 29–35.8% had normal BMD (24, 50). This finding is in line with results from studies in the general population reporting that the proportion of fractures attributable to osteoporosis is only 10–44% (51).These data point to the limited value of BMD measurement in the assessment of future fracture risk.
Fall risk might be increased in SLE patients due to fatigue, muscle weakness (due to GC-induced myopathy and/or vitamin D deficiency), arthritis, neuropathy, epilepsy, or visual impairment, but studies on fall risk in lupus patients have not been published yet.
Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and fractures
- Top of page
- Introduction
- Osteoporosis in SLE
- Fractures in SLE
- Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and fractures
General measures.
First, lifestyle measures are important, which include avoiding smoking, limiting alcohol intake, maintaining a normal body weight, avoiding falling, and performing regular weight-bearing exercise.
Second, attention must be paid to an adequate calcium intake and sufficient serum 25(OH)D levels, which are important for bone mineralization and neuromuscular function. The total calcium intake (dietary intake plus supplement) should be at least 1,000 mg daily and in GC users, 1,200–1,500 mg/day is recommended (52). The cutoff value of adequate serum 25(OH)D levels is still under debate. A level of at least 50 nmoles/liter has been proposed, but probably a level of at least 75 nmoles/liter is necessary in the context of optimal muscle function (53). Vitamin D supplementation (800–1,000 IU/day) is recommended in patients with insufficient 25(OH)D levels and patients receiving GCs (52).
Third, the prescription of immunosuppressive medication, to reduce inflammation-induced bone loss, and minimizing dose and duration of GC treatment are essential measures.
Fracture risk.
The etiology of osteoporotic fractures is multifactorial, including bone- and fall-related factors. The identification of patients with increased fracture risk solely using BMD measurements has several disadvantages, such as its inaccuracy in measuring bone quality and its age dependency (54). Several algorithms for calculating the absolute fracture risk for the individual patient have been developed in the last decade. A disadvantage of using the absolute fracture risk is the lack of consensus regarding at which cutoff point treatment should be started. A frequently used model is the Fracture Risk Assessment (FRAX) tool as proposed by the World Health Organization (55). The FRAX tool takes into account BMD and family history, but does not include the evaluation of the risk factors of falls and the presence or absence of prevalent vertebral deformities. The latter is a great disadvantage in lupus patients, since prevalent vertebral fractures are frequent in patients with SLE and are often present in patients with a normal or only slightly reduced BMD. In addition, the FRAX tool takes GC usage into account, but not GC dose. Furthermore, using this algorithm is not appropriate in the large subgroup of premenopausal women with SLE, since the FRAX tool has been developed for postmenopausal women.
Drug treatment of osteoporosis.
For SLE patients with osteoporosis, with a previous fragility fracture, and/or receiving GCs, it is important to consider the prescription of an antiresorptive agent. The bisphosphonates alendronate, risedronate, and zoledronic acid are recommended for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in GC-treated individuals without renal impairment (52). Bisphosphonates should not be prescribed to premenopausal women planning a pregnancy, since these agents are associated with fetal abnormalities in animal studies (56). In addition, no data are presently available on the effectiveness of bisphosphonate treatment in premenopausal women. Therefore, bisphosphonates should only be prescribed in premenopausal women with severe osteoporosis or at a high risk for severe bone loss (e.g., those who are likely to be treated with high GC doses for a prolonged period of time). These women should have completed their families or they should have decided not to become pregnant for several years. Furthermore, physicians should remind patients that osteonecrosis of the jaw (57, 58) and atypical femoral shaft fractures (59) are potential complications of bisphosphonate therapy, especially in patients with concomitant GC treatment.
The anabolic agent teriparatide can be considered for the treatment of postmenopausal women and men ages ≥50 years with osteoporosis and high fracture risk (52).
The use of estrogen-containing agents to prevent osteoporosis in SLE is not recommended, since these drugs are associated with an increased thrombotic risk in the general population and an increased flare rate in SLE patients (60). The estrogen receptor modulator raloxifene may be a useful alternative in postmenopausal women with inactive lupus and without antiphospholipid antibodies or a history of thromboembolism (61).
The low DHEAS serum levels, which are correlated with low BMD in patients with SLE, offer the opportunity for the therapeutic use of DHEA to prevent bone loss. Studies have demonstrated that DHEA treatment offers mild protection against bone loss in postmenopausal and GC-treated patients with active disease (6, 62). This therapeutic option is relevant for patients in whom treatment with bisphosphonates or raloxifene is contraindicated or is not tolerated.
Recent studies on the molecular pathways underlying bone metabolism have identified potential novel therapeutic targets for the management of osteoporosis.
It may be expected that new drugs (denosumab, cathepsin K inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies against sclerostin) interfering with the Wnt signaling pathway or the RANKL/osteoprotegerin pathways may prove more effective than currently used drugs (e.g., bisphosphonates) in the treatment of osteoporosis, especially in GC-induced osteoporosis (54). Denosumab, a monoclonal antibody against RANKL, has recently become available for the treatment of osteoporosis. This drug is an attractive new therapeutic agent for the subgroup of SLE patients with impaired renal function, since denosumab may be prescribed in patients with renal failure.
Recently, quality indicators for osteoporosis prevention and treatment in SLE were published, recommending screening for osteoporosis by BMD testing in GC-treated patients (63). However, in line with the American College of Rheumatology recommendations for prevention and treatment of GC-induced osteoporosis, additional vertebral fracture assessment must be considered since vertebral fractures are frequent in SLE and might change treatment recommendations for GC-treated patients (52). Moreover, osteoporosis screening should also be considered in subgroups of SLE patients without GC treatment, i.e., postmenopausal women and patients with other osteoporosis risk factors.
- Top of page
- Introduction
- Osteoporosis in SLE
- Fractures in SLE
- Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and fractures
Dr. Bultink drafted the article, revised it critically for important intellectual content, and approved the final version to be published.
- Top of page
- Introduction
- Osteoporosis in SLE
- Fractures in SLE
- Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and fractures
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And of course our lovely, hunky topless waiters will be on hand to take care of the drinks for you."
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Venue Facts
Venue: Urban Tiger
Website: urbantigerclub.co.uk
Enquiries: 01604 824766
→ Northampton 16 min walk

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text:
Plate Rack Cabinet Insert: Pro Advice
Use your own plates as a guide. Before securing the rack in place with wood glue and screws, make sure dishes are centered inside and don't stick too far out of the cabinet; leave at least 2 inches at the front and back.
Ask TOH users about Easy Upgrades


text:
Index of content:
Volume 73, Issue 3, March 2005
The wave function and reality73(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1806480View Description Hide Description
On an elliptical property of parabolic trajectories73(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1834922View Description Hide Description
Work and energy73(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1842752View Description Hide Description
Feynman's reverse sprinkler73(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1842733View Description Hide Description
Response to the Letter to the Editor by Carl E. Mungan73(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1842753View Description Hide Description
Linear resisted projectile motion and the Lambert W function73(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1852542View Description Hide Description
Repeated universes in the AJP statistics literature73(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1858483View Description Hide Description
- Top
AJP Reviewers73(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1858482View Description Hide Description
- Top
In situ laser power measurement at the focus of microscope objectives used in optical tweezers73(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1819930View Description Hide Description
We discuss measurements of the laser power at the focus of high numerical aperture objectives used in optical microscopy and optical tweezers. For a given power, the focused incident laser beam heats a small mercury bead that jumps when it reaches the boiling temperature of water, the medium used in the experiments. From the size of the mercury beads, the heat conductivities of water and glass-slide, and the absorption coefficient of mercury for the laser wavelength used, the incident power can be obtained using the solution of the associated heat problem. This problem is mapped onto the problem of a charged conducting sphere embedded in a semi-infinite medium of dielectric constant separated from another semi-infinite medium of dielectric constant
Measurement of the electrical conductivity of metallic tubes by studying magnetic screening at low frequency73(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1842730View Description Hide Description
We discuss a technique for measuring the electrical conductivity in metallic tubes based on Faraday's induction law. A detailed study of magnetic screening in the low frequency approximation leads to expressions that relate the screening coefficient to the geometry, magnetic permeability, and conductivity of the metallic tubes. We discuss experimental results for different tubes.
Experimental demonstration of the physics of resonant cavities73(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1834921View Description Hide Description
We describe an undergraduate experiment that demonstrates the physics of cavity resonators. A mobile wall lets students alter the position of the nodes, thus changing the mode pattern. The nodal structure is made apparent by placing a metallic plate at different positions inside the cavity. A technique for dielectric characterization also is introduced, which helps students understand the boundary conditions in dielectrics, as well as highlighting the characteristics of fields in cavities.
Hot gases: The transition from line spectra to thermal radiation73(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1819931View Description Hide Description
The question of how the line spectrum of atoms is transformed into the continuous spectrum of thermal radiation of a gas by repeated absorption and emission of photons is addressed. We consider a simple model of a hydrogen-like gas in thermal equilibrium where only the Lyman-α transition is allowed and calculate the spectra for increasing thickness of the gas. The transition from line spectra for optically thin samples to the spectra of thermal radiation for optically thick samples is demonstrated. We estimate the emissivities for hot gases and study the line width of spectral lines due to self-absorption processes.
A nondestructive tool for nanomaterials: Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopy73(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1819933View Description Hide Description
Modern materials science requires efficient processing and characterization techniques for low dimensional systems. Raman and photoluminescencespectroscopy are important nondestructive tools which provide much information about such systems. Commercial Raman spectrometers are expensive. We discuss a less expensive apparatus with assembled collection optics. Studies of Genanoparticles, porous silicon (nanowire), carbon nanotubes, and two-dimensional InGaAs quantum layers demonstrate that this apparatus is useful for teaching and research on nanomaterials.
Visualizing the extra symmetry of the Kepler problem73(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1791272View Description Hide Description
The extra symmetry of the Kepler problem corresponding to the conservation of the Runge–Lenz vector can be visualized by studying how entire Kepler ellipses evolve under symmetry transformations. After discussing the general case, we show that the evolution generated by a component of the Runge–Lenz vector in the plane of the orbit yields the same family of ellipses in the plane as the projection onto the plane of a rotation of a certain circle in three dimensions.
is the speed of light, isn't it?73(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1819929View Description Hide Description
Theories for a varying speed of light have been proposed as an alternative way of solving several standard cosmological problems. Recent observational hints that the fine structure constant may have varied over cosmological scales have given impetus to these theories. However, the speed of light is hidden in many physics equations and plays different roles in them. We discuss these roles to shed light on proposals for varying speed of light theories. We also emphasize the requirements for attaining consistency of the resulting equations, when what was previously a constant is made a dynamical variable.
Visualizing curved spacetime73(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1830500View Description Hide Description
I present a way to visualize the concept of curved spacetime. The result is a curved surface with local coordinate systems (Minkowski systems) living on it, giving the local directions of space and time. Relative to these systems, special relativity holds. The method can be used to visualize gravitational time dilation, the horizon of black holes, and cosmological models. The idea underlying the illustrations is first to specify a field of timelike four-velocities Then, at every point, one performs a coordinate transformation to a local Minkowski system comoving with the given four-velocity. In the local system, the sign of the spatial part of the metric is flipped to create a new metric of Euclidean signature. The new positive definite metric, called the absolute metric, can be covariantly related to the original Lorentzian metric. For the special case of a two-dimensional original metric, the absolute metric may be embedded in three-dimensional Euclidean space as a curved surface.
Schwarzschild and Birkhoff a la Weyl73(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1830505View Description Hide Description
We provide a simple derivation of the Schwarzschild solution in general relativity based on an approach by Weyl, but generalized to include Birkhoff's theorem. This theorem states that the Schwarzschild mass must be constant in time. Our procedure is illustrated by a parallel derivation of the Coulomb field and the constancy of the electric charge in electrodynamics. We also explain the basis of Birkhoff's theorem and note that even the original Weyl approach can be used to illuminate the special role played by the Schwarzschild coordinates.
The enigma of nonholonomic constraints73(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1830501View Description Hide Description
The problems associated with the modification of Hamilton's principle to cover nonholonomic constraints by the application of the multiplier theorem of variational calculus are discussed. The reason for the problems is subtle and is discussed, together with the reason why the proper account of nonholonomic constraints is outside the scope of Hamilton's variational principle. However, linear velocity constraints remain within the scope of D'Alembert's principle. A careful and comprehensive analysis facilitates the resolution of the puzzling features of nonholonomic constraints.
The quantum mechanical picture of the world73(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1830504View Description Hide Description
We present a picture of the world suggested by quantum mechanics in a manner accessible to nonspecialists. We construct a model of subatomic reality and use the model to present a geometrical proof of the Kochen–Specker–Bell no-go theorem, which demonstrates that the properties of a microscopic system are not completely defined before we look at it.
- Top
Teaching Reiser's extremal principle for hydrodynamics73(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1806481View Description Hide Description
The Reiser extremum principle in hydrodynamics is discussed.


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"I use a lot of repetition. And it becomes a filmic way of talking because as you put the same image after the other, even though it's the exact identical image, everyone sees something changing from one image to the next."
"I'd been making casts, copies, and replicas of things like the Individual Works and Surrogate Paintings but I wanted to create things that satisfied our expectations of art. One of the things that we love about art is often that it's old."
-Allan McCollum


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Companies in Virginia
Current filtering criteriaYou can remove a filter by clicking on the x
Myron L Company
Distributor in VIRGINIA (USA)
Myron L Company manufactures cost-effective high performance tools for solution control and water quality analysis, as well as calibration solutions, accessories and kits that keep instrumentation operating at peak performance in diverse applications. Our current product line includes handheld instruments, inline monitor/controllers and field test kits that measure ...
Office in Chesapeake, VIRGINIA (USA)
DESMI is a global company specialised in the development and manufacture of pump solutions for marine, industry, oil spill combating, defence & fuel and utility both locally and globally. Our product range supplemented with agency products from other leading, world class manufacturers – is completed by related services such as the design and installation of pump plants, ...
Enhesa - Global EHS & Product Compliance Assurance
Office in Arlington, VIRGINIA (USA)
Enhesa is a global environmental, health and safety consulting firm, providing EHS regulatory compliance assurance support to businesses worldwide. Over the past 20 years, Enhesa has built a knowledgebase of EHS regulations which includes the `What` of business requirements, the `How` to develop cost-effective solutions and the `When` of enforcement activities in over 200 ...
General Oceanics Inc.
Distributor in HERDON, VIRGINIA (USA)
From inception, the company`s goal has been to design and manufacture the highest quality instrumentation and water sampling products available to the oceanographic community. In January 1992, General Oceanics Inc. created the G.O. Environmental Division. The goal of G.O. Environmental is to develop products for the air and water environmental industry. Agressive research ...
KELLER AG für Druckmesstechnik
Office in VIRGINIA (USA)
Worldwide, we are the largest manufacturer of isolated pressure sensors on piezoresistive basis 600,000 sensors are delivered to OEM-suppliers for system integration every year In Europe the largest manufacturer of industrial transmitters. 300,000 sensors are yearly processed in-house as a basis for industrial transmitters, level transmitters, digital pressure measuring ...
Schneider Laboratories Global, Inc
based in Richmond, VIRGINIA (USA)
A leading National Testing Laboratory offering comprehensive analysis for the Asbestos, Metals, Industrial Hygiene and Environmental Industries. Independent, AIHA / NELAC accredited, woman-owned, commercial analytical testing laboratory located in Richmond, VA. The laboratory is dedicated to serving the testing needs of occupational / environmental health and safety ...
NAG Marine
based in Norfolk, VIRGINIA (USA)
NAG Marine sells, services, designs, and installs advanced products for shipboard fluid systems. Our staff of marine engineers and technicians have practical, deck-plate experience on the simplest and most cost-effective product solutions for various fluid applications. We take pride in our ability to help customers choose the best product for the following applications: ...
Filter Magic
based in Sandston, VIRGINIA (USA)
Filter Magic® is a universal, simple, reliable and low-cost Filter Control System perfect for retrofit solutions or new construction.
Cycle Systems Inc
based in Roanoke, VIRGINIA (USA)
Roanoke Scrap Iron and Metal Company, we`ve helped western Virginia businesses recycle steel, copper, aluminum and paper. We now serve customers across a three-state region. Through the years our primary market area has grown. Today, we serve a wide variety of customers in Central and Southwest Virginia.
Donley Technology
based in Colonial Beach, VIRGINIA (USA)
Donley Technology has been analyzing and reporting on the environmental, health & safety software industries and market. The company is a clearinghouse for EH&S software information, with records on more than 4,000 software packages, databases, and on-line systems. Donley Technology`s publications and consulting services deliver objective, accurate information to EH&S and ...
Expert Choice, Inc.
based in Arlington, VIRGINIA (USA)
We improve your understanding of the decisions you and your organization face. Our software and approaches help organizations combine expertise, intuition, and hard data in a collaborative environment. Over the past 30 years we have built an unparalleled set of skills in bringing the right stakeholders together to collaborate, set priorities, and move forward with ...
American Geological Institute
based in Alexandria, VIRGINIA (USA)
AGI was founded in 1948, under a directive of the National Academy of Sciences, as a network of associations representing geoscientists with a diverse array of skills and knowledge of our planet. The Institute provides information services to geoscientists, serves as a voice of shared interests in our profession, plays a major role in strengthening geoscience education, ...
NEVA Associates
Office in VIRGINIA (USA)
NEVA Associates specializes in engineered systems to reduce noise and vibration. Designing for the industrial, architectural and commercial environments, NEVA has 20 years of expertise in the design, supply and installation of noise control products.
Advanced Oxidation Technology (AOT)
based in Fredericksburg, VIRGINIA (USA)
Advanced Oxidation Technology (AOT) has provided innovative, highly cost-effective, catalyzed chemical oxidation processes for treatment of contaminated soil, sludge, and wastewater since 1994. The unique VTX catalyst, in combination with a variety of oxidants, allows for the treatment of a wide variety of recalcitrant chemicals, including pesticides, chlorinated ...
A&L Eastern Laboratories, Inc.
based in Richmond, VIRGINIA (USA)
A & L Eastern Labs provides agricultural and environmental analysis to a variety of industries. We have been serving customers for 30 years not only in the Mid-Atlantic region, but around the world. A&L offers a full range of services, including soil testing, plant analysis, feed and mineral supplement analysis, biosolids and sludge analysis, water and wastewater ...
Environmental Engineering & Technology, Inc.
based in Newport News, VIRGINIA (USA)
EE&T was founded in 1985 by our President , Dr. David A. Cornwell. After a successful career as a Professor at Michigan State University, Dr. Cornwell ventured into the consulting field on the belief that state-of-the-art research and technology could be merged with practical evaluations and designs for utilities to provide the best of both worlds for the environmental ...
IOS Press
Office in VIRGINIA (USA)
IOS Press is an independent, international STM publishing house established in 1987 in Amsterdam. One of our guiding principles is to embrace the benefits a lean organization offers. While our goal is to keep things simple, we strive to meet the highest professional standards. Our business practices are straightforward, transparent and ethical. IOS Press serves the ...
TYMCO, Inc.
Distributor in VIRGINIA (USA)
TYMCO is the originator of the Number 1 Regenerative Air Sweeper in the world, with such long term customers as the U.S. Military; cities such as Atlanta, Austin, Las Vegas, Memphis, Portland, San Antonio, Toronto, Washington D.C., San Francisco and Tyler; international airports such as Atlanta, Dallas/ Fort Worth, Houston, Las Vegas, Orlando, Phoenix and practically ...
PESCO-BEAM Environmental Solutions, Inc.
based in Roanoke, VIRGINIA (USA)
PESCO-BEAM is dedicated to implementing affordable, custom, reliable, state of the art technologies that allow your business to be good to the environment AND profitable. From Bio-fuel Production Facilities to Solvent and Oil Recovery Plants, it is our mission to improve the environment one business at a time.
Automotive Recyclers Association (ARA)
based in Manassas, VIRGINIA (USA)
Since 1943, the Automotive Recyclers Association (ARA) is an international trade association which has represented an industry dedicated to the efficient removal and reuse of automotive parts, and the safe disposal of inoperable motor vehicles. ARA services approximately 1,000 member companies through direct membership and over 2,000 other companies through our affiliated ...


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OKLAHOMA CITY -- A marketing program pilot by the New York retail division of Fleming Cos. here will distribute as many as one million store-specific coupons attached to automated teller machine receipts by the end of the year. The program, which kicked off earlier this month, distributes the coupons via 40 ATMs in the Buffalo, N.Y., area. Coupons are redeemable at seven area stores operating under the Jubilee Foods banner, according to David Elchynski, marketing director of Fleming's New ...
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The Aggies travel to Arlington on Tuesday to play UTA at Global Life Park and host Texas Southern at Blue Bell Park on Wednesday.
Click here for the original story.
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Tim Paek
Principal Researcher | Research Manager
I manage the Intelligent User Experience team which incubates projects spanning human-computer interaction (HCI) + machine learning (ML) + mobility, as well as their intersections. In pursuing research and development that impact millions of real users, we work very closely with Microsoft product teams. Recently, we released the Editor's Choice app Word Flow for iPhone as a Microsoft Garage project. Prior to that, we were directly involved in shipping Microsoft Band as well as new productivity features for the Band such as keyboard, dictation and intelligent auto-replies. We also broke two Guinness world records for texting and shipped a new version of Word Flow for Windows Phone 8.1, building on work which was profiled as secrets of the Windows Phone 8 keyboard by our partners. In years past, I helped develop the original Windows Phone 7 virtual keyboard, auto-completion for Bing Mobile and the mobile speech product, Voice Command 1.6.
I have an inter-disciplinary educational background, with a Ph.D. in Cognitive Psychology and M.S. in Statistics from Stanford University, and a B.A. in Philosophy from the University of Chicago.
Refereed Conference, Workshop & Symposium Papers
Journal Papers
Last updated: March 2015
E-mail: timpaek at microsoft dot com
Directions: Microsoft Research
U.S.Mail: One Microsoft Way, Redmond WA, 98052-6399, USA
Tel: 425.703.8647
Fax: 425.706.7329 (This is the main MS FAX number so please use "Attention: Tim Paek")


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Boston musician Chris Pereira and his fast slappin' fingers filled all corners of our studio with his gorgeous crimson Spector Bass playing. We modeled this sound after the legendary Marcus Miller bass sound and sure enough, it will knock you into the next room with its punch and clarity. The Spector Bass was recorded using an all tube Ampeg bass pre-amp processor and the bulletproof Manley tube compressor. This multi-velocity soundfont is so unbelievably playable you WON'T be able to stop slapping. So get your bass tracks in record mode, check out our MP3 demo and prepare to be blown away.
- Windows System Requirements
- Windows 7, XP, or Vista
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- MME Compatible Audio Hardware ASIO Compatible Audio Hardware Recommended
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- A VST or RTAS compatible host application (not required for Stand-Alone Mode)
- Apple System Requirements
- OS X Version 10.4.1 or higher
- Intel Based Processor
- Minimum 512mb RAM 2GB Recommended
- A VST, AU or RTAS compatible host application (not required for Stand-Alone Mode)
Audio Samples
You mean I can buy all the individual virtual instruments, with all the quality of the high priced software brands I want for about 1/10 of the USUAL price? Sold!!!
Kyle Wichita


text:
The Baader Meinhof Complex
- Studio: Vitagraph Films
- Release Date: Aug 21, 2009
Critic Reviews
- Critic score
- Publication
- By date
An explosive but scrupulously journalistic drama about the radical group that terrorized Germany for nearly 30 years.
It leaves us with a question that may be unanswerable: How does one extinguish terrorism when its causes are myriad?
A long but powerful true-life drama of 1970s German terrorists features masterful storytelling and bravura performances.
The end result is an electrifying, morally complex story of the evil that men (and women) do in the name of the greater good.
Has been criticized as endorsing or condoning violence, but that assessment is unfair and inaccurate. If terrorism is to be eliminated, it must be understood, not oversimplified.
Fascinating history, very good movie -- but demanding, and its lack of easy answers will frustrate some. Lessons about 21st century terrorism are implicit, but not overly stressed.
Edel's clear-eyed and exhaustively researched account is unique in its refusal to either romanticize or villainize the terrorists. It's a study in the seductive appeal, and inevitable failure, of the attempt to bomb one's way to a better world.
I have seen The Baader Meinhof Complex three or four times now, and, despite exasperation with its fissile form, I find it impossible not to be plunged afresh into this engulfing age of European anxiety.
A fascinating hybrid of a film. Even though its purpose couldn't be more serious, its style could hardly be more pulp.
Seems propelled by a doomed sense of inevitability and is all the more gripping for it.
For a thoroughly fascinating, true glimpse into the horrors that vanity and self-delusion can wreak, take some time to see The Baader Meinhof Complex.
If Edel's Oscar-nominated film drags in its final 40 minutes, it's a function of the director's fidelity to the facts - and the fact that the founding trio (and the film's stars) have become prisoners of the state, confined and confused.
Swift, brutal, lurid, often overheated, and occasionally comical, but it's also a serious, well acted, and unromantic exploration of the rise and demise of a terrorist gang whose radicalism ultimately reached beyond the young men and women who set it in motion.
The film is gummed up by Bruno Ganz as an intelligence officer who wants not only to capture the bad guys but to understand them -- and to explain them, hand-wringingly, endlessly.
The movie is a sweeping, hectic docudrama that would have been immeasurably helped by the use of informational intertitles.
This is no art film, but Edel and Eichinger supply an action-packed, reasonably coherent account of youthful rock 'n' roll idealism run amok, and how it produced the craziest phenomenon of the crazy European far left.
The film would have benefitted by being less encompassing and focusing on a more limited number of emblematic characters -- Meinhof and Herold, for starters.
Awards & Rankings
User Score
Generally favorable reviews- based on 23 Ratings
User score distribution:
Positive: 5 out of 6
Mixed: 1 out of 6
Negative: 0 out of 6
Jul 3, 2014Muhteşem bir film. Almanyada çekmil bu dehşet-i cengiz filmi bence kaçırmayın. Almanya siyasi hayatına ışık tutan bu filmin iyi irdelenmesiMuhteşem bir film. Almanyada çekmil bu dehşet-i cengiz filmi bence kaçırmayın. Almanya siyasi hayatına ışık tutan bu filmin iyi irdelenmesi lazım. Puanım: 10/8.1… Full Review »
Jun 18, 2013"The Baader-Meinhof Group" is a provocative, brutal, German film meticulously directed by Uli Edel "Last Exit to Brooklyn" (1990), written by"The Baader-Meinhof Group" is a provocative, brutal, German film meticulously directed by Uli Edel "Last Exit to Brooklyn" (1990), written by Bernd Eichinger "Downfall" (2004), and stars some of Germany's best actors: Martina Gedeck, Moritz Bleibtreu, Johanna Wokalek and Bruno Ganz. These talents come together to tell the story of the founders of the Red Faction Army (RAF), one of Germany's violent left-wing anti-capitalist group against western imperialism in Germany, whose logo is a combination of a Red Star and an MP5 sub-machine gun.
Working off of transcripts and real-life accounts, Uli Edel simply re-creates the story and history of the Red Army Faction in accordance with the historical record, while never imposing judgment or opinions.
Germany in the 1970s: Murderous bomb attacks; the threat of terrorism and the fear of the enemy infiltrating high levels of government is rocking at the very foundations of the fragile German democracy. The radicalized children of the Nazi generation are led by Andreas Baader, Ulrike Meinhof, and Gudrun Ensslin who are fighting a violent war against what they perceive as the new face of fascism: American imperialism supported by the German establishment--many of whom have a Nazi past. Their aim is to create a more human society, but by employing the use of terrorism and the threat of violence, they lose their own humanity in the process.
"The Baader Meinhof Complex" is visually riveting with fantastic action scenes, and at times can become almost emotionally overwhelming. Edel propels the complex narrative and its myriad ricochets, and it surprisingly holds together quite well. That being said, the sheer length and constant brutality and bloodshed mount, making the viewing of last third of the film laborious. An impressive, well done period piece, but "The Baader-Meinhof Complex" is diluted by too many events, with too many characters, distributed over too much time.… Full Review »
Nov 14, 2012Great film. I went into it expending some propaganda piece one way or the other but i left with thoughts similar to Hitchens about theGreat film. I went into it expending some propaganda piece one way or the other but i left with thoughts similar to Hitchens about the beautiful display of blurring lines between criminality and rebellion/revolution. It's well casted, well acted. Baader seemed to be a bit over the top psychopath/sociopath, but i don't know the history well enough to know if he was really like that. The movie was very immersive and it hardly felt subtitled at all. Went in skeptical, left a fan.… Full Review »


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Other hotels in this area can be found on the map. Or have a look at one of these hotels:
130 West 46th Street, NY 10036 New York City Show map
This 4-star hotel in Manhattan's theater district is only a 10 minute walk from Rockefeller Center. The boutique hotel is eco-friendly. It features a state-of-the-art gym and rooms with a 37-inch flat-screen TV.
The Muse offers spacious rooms with modern décor. The unique rooms come with an MP3 docking station, fully stocked minibar and a large work desk. Guests can also arrange luxury in-room spa treatments.
The Kimpton Hotel—The Muse provides concierge and business services. Free newspapers and evening wine reception are available in the lobby living room. The award-winning NIOS Restaurant is next to the hotel.
The Muse A Kimpton is within a 15 minute walk of Central Park and Radio City Music Hall. Times Square is also within walking distance and the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center is a 5 minute drive away.
Rooms: 200
Hotel Chain: Kimpton Hotels
WiFi is available in all areas and is free of charge.
Public parking is available on site (reservation is needed) and costs USD 65 per day.
These are general hotel policies for The Muse New York, a Kimpton Hotel. As they may vary per room type, please also check the room conditions.
From 15:00 hours
Until 12:00 hours
Free! One child under 12 years stays free of charge when using existing beds.
Any additional older children or adults are charged USD 20 per person per night when using existing beds.
There is no capacity for extra beds in the room.
Additional fees are not calculated automatically in the total cost and will have to be paid for separately during your stay.
Free! Pets are allowed on request. No extra charges.
When booking more than 9 rooms, different policies and additional supplements may apply.
The hotel reserves the right to pre-authorize credit cards prior to arrival.
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Erin by Erin Fetherston RTW Fall 2014
Taking inspiration from New York's legendary all-women's Barbizon Hotel, the designer designed a glamorous collection of dresses with a slightly retro feel.
— February 7, 2014
Erin by Erin Fetherston RTW Spring 2014
"The ultimate garden party" is how Erin Fetherston described her spring lineup, made up entirely of dresses that read just that.
— September 4, 2013
Erin by Erin Fetherston Pre-Fall 2013
The designer had an Indian summer on her mind when dreaming up this collection.
— January 3, 2013
Backstage at Erin Fetherston Spring 2013
A hybrid of sweetness and naughtiness was the description MAC Cosmetics' lead makeup artist Lyne Desnoyers used to describe the look.
— September 6, 2012
Erin by Erin Fetherston RTW Spring 2013
Models milled about in the flirty party outfits the designer has come to be known for, along with a new, edgier element.
Erin Fetherston Debuts Alexandra McDermott
The designer's spring presentation at the Standard Hotel was accompanied by the debut of the up and coming musician.
Erin by Erin Fetherston RTW Fall 2012
Inspired by the human spirit and her connection to nature, the designer showed pretty party dresses in vibrant colors.
— February 12, 2012
Erin by Erin Fetherston RTW Spring 2012
Most notable was the orange tank dress with red sequin stripes and a shocking pink full-skirted and belted shirtdress with black lace overlay.
— September 11, 2011
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The jury found that he had flat-out lied.
Before the judge's sentence was applied,
Supporters of poor Scooter were awhirl.
So Kissinger and Wolfowitz and Perle
Wrote letters, as did other grand highfliers:
Support of lying from some famous liars.
On the Tributes to Scooter Libby That So Underwhelmed the Judge
It takes one to know one.
The jury found that he had flat-out lied.


text:
ODT Online
ODT /directory
Rockers from Queenstown and Central Otago were given an
opportunity to perform on Friday ahead of the
Seventeen bands from areas including Queenstown, Wanaka,
Cromwell and Dunstan performed at the Big Break concert in
the Queenstown Memorial Centre on Friday night.
The show was organised by the Rock Formation and chairman
Justin Eden said most of the bands were headed for the
Rockquest, which for Central Otago rockers will this year be
held at the Lake Wanaka Centre on July 3.
The Big Break's purpose was to give the youth bands,
including bands at primary school level, ''a run-through''
and it was not about competing, Mr Eden said.
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text: Buckle and Hasp, 6th century. Gilt bronze, 2 3/4 x 2 5/16 in. (7 x 5.8 cm). Brooklyn Museum, Museum Expedition 1909, Purchased with funds given by Thomas T. Barr, E. LeGrand Beers, Carll H. de Silver, Herman B. Stutzer, Colonel Robert B. Woodward and the Museum Collection Fund, 09.912. Creative Commons-BY (Photo: Brooklyn Museum (in collaboration with National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage, , CUR.09.913.1-.3_09.912_09.906.1-.2_X473.3_X476_X477_back_Collins_photo_NRICH.jpg)


text:
Please note that you must have an RN license to be considered for the BSN Completion program.
Through an integration of the liberal arts and the professions, Hood College provides an education that empowers students to use their hearts, minds and hands to meet personal, professional and global challenges and to lead purposeful lives of responsibility, leadership, service and civic engagement.
401 Rosemont Ave.
Frederick, MD 21701


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MO – Battle For WondLa Signing
April 26, 2014 by Colin Solan
Filed under Comic Books, Gaming, Missouri, Movies, Other, Science Fiction and Fantasy, Signing and Appearance Profiles
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Tony DiTerlizzi signs at Reading Reptile on WEDNESDAY, MAY 14th at 6:00 PM!
Press Release:
Tony DiTerlizzi is the co-creator (with Holly Black) of the bestselling Spiderwick Chronicles which became a major motion picture in 2008. He won the Caldecott Honor in 2003 for The Spider and the Fly. In 2010, he published The Search for Wondla, the first in a trilogy of juvenile novels featuring Eva Nine, a twelve-year-old girl who is raised apart from other humans by a robot in an underground sanctuary. The second book in the series – A Hero for Wondla – was released in 2012. Tony will present the third and final book – The Battle for Wondla – when he visits the Reading Reptile on Wednesday, May 14th at 6PM. A book signing will follow.
RESERVATIONS ARE REQUIRED. Call 816-753-0441 to make a reservation.
If you can't make it to the event, you may purchase books ahead of time (in the store or over the phone) and we will get them signed and dedicated for you!
Reading Reptile
328 W 63 Street, Kansas City, MO 64113
(816) 753-0441
MO – Mighty Robot Signing
April 18, 2014 by Colin Solan
Filed under Comic Books, Missouri, Other, Signing and Appearance Profiles
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Press Release:
The Reading Reptile welcomes Dav Pilkey and Dan Santat to the store for an exclusive meet-and-greet/book signing on THURSDAY, MAY 8th at 3:00 PM! This event is free but TICKETS ARE REQUIRED. Tickets can be reserved over the phone with the purchase of a book, or you can pick up tickets by stopping by the store prior to the event.
RECOMMENDED FOR AGES 7 and UP.
Only books purchased at the store will be signed by the authors. If you can't make it to this event, you may purchase books ahead of time (over the phone) and we will get them signed and dedicated for you!
Reading Reptile
328 W 63 Street, Kansas City, MO 64113
(816) 753-0441
MO – Marvel Writers Trifecta Signing
April 15, 2014 by Colin Solan
Filed under Comic Books, Missouri, Signing and Appearance Profiles
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Jason Aaron, Cullen Bunn, and Dennis Hopeless sign at Pulp Fiction Comics on Wednesday May 14, 2014!
Press Release:
A Marvel writer trifecta has been generous enough to coordinate their schedules for a signing at Pulp on May 14th! Each author has recently released an All New Marvel NOW series, so be sure to bring your issues to get signed. Also be sure to bring in any back issues or TPBs these guys have worked on previously. We've included a list of notable series by these authors below as a reminder:
Jason Aaron: Ghost Rider, Wolverine, Avengers vs. X-Men, Wolverine & the X-Men, Scalped, Thanos Rising, The Other Side, Thor God of Thunder, and Original Sin.
Cullen Bunn: Helheim, The Sixth Gun, Deadpool Kills the Marvel Universe, Deadpool Killustrated, Deadpool Kills Deadpool, Night of the Living Deadpool, The Fearless Defenders, Deadpool vs. Carnage, Sinestro, and Magneto.
Dennis Hopeless: Gearhead, Lovestruck, X-Men: Season One, Legion of Monsters, The Answer, Avengers Arena, Cable and X-Force, and Avengers Undercover.
Pulp Fiction Comics & Games
1100 SE Blue Parkway, Lees Summit, Missouri 64063
(816) 554-7333
MO – FCBD: The Sixth Gun Signing
April 7, 2014 by Colin Solan
Filed under Comic Books, Free Comic Book Day, Missouri, Signing and Appearance Profiles
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Star Clipper will be hosting a special signing with local star comic illustrator Brian Hurtt on Saturday May 3rd from 10:00 am till noon. During the signing, we are offering purchases of the awesome Sixth Gun Hardcover Volume 1 at a 30% discount!
Costumed Heroes: 10:00 am – 12:00pm
Live Music:
Vanilla Beans: 12 – 12:30 pm
The Little Big Bangs: 1 – 1:30 pm
Stonechat (comic release party): 2 – 2:30 pm
Dr. Dan The Pancake Man & The Psychedelic Psychonauts: 3 – 3:30 pm
Superfun Yeah Yeah Rocketship: 4 – 4:30 pm
Braining (set of Video Game Covers & Originals) 5 – 5:30 pm
Local Lo-Fi electronic act 3 of 5 will be playing a short set of Nintendo3DS music between each musical act.
Local Artists, including a collection of Ink & Drink artists, will be drawing for everyone ALL DAY: 10 a.m. until the sun goes down on the side walk in front of the store!
Free Comic Book Day is a single day (the first Saturday in May each year) when participating comic book shops all across the world give away comic books absolutely FREE to all comers! Star Clipper in the Delmar Loop always participates in this hugely popular event, to be held Saturday, May 4 from 10 a.m. to 10 p.m. We will feature comics from Ape Entertainment, Archie, Archaia, Boom!, Dark Horse, DC, Drawn & Quarterly, IDW, Image, Top Shelf, and Marvel, and many more!
Star Clipper Comics
6392 Delmar Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63130
Phone: (314) 725-9110
MO – Killjoy: The Raygun Chronicles Signing
April 2, 2014 by Colin Solan
Filed under Comic Books, Missouri, Signing and Appearance Profiles
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Meet comic artist Thomas Shaner for the release of his debut graphic novel Killjoy: The Raygun Chronicles at Star Clipper on Saturday, June 7th from 2:00 to 5:00 pm.
"Killyjoy" is an adult neo-noir/science-fiction comic about an elite taskforce of psionic internal affairs officers in charge of investigating the rest of thepsionic police forth in order to see if they are abusing their powers. They are part of the MPIS (Ministry of Psionic Integrity and Security). These officers are nicknamed "Killjoys", because they just seem to rain on everyone's parade. Spencer Solomon, a fresh faced naive young recruit straight from basic training, has reservations about joining the oddball group of Killjoys. Comprising the rest of the Killjoy team is Fabian Holst, a straight lace bureaucrat on the edge of retirement, and Maire Bluenote, a rebellious free spirited Irish woman whose current hair color changes more often than her boyfriends. They all work together under the Prime Minster of MPIS, Sherman Siofra. A very moody, cynical, and disparaging man with a shrouded past.
Art and original concept by Thomas Shaner
Colors by Ester Salguero
Written by Andrew M. Henderson
Character designs by Shayne Cassidy/ Carlos Cara
Letters by Samuel Grey.
Thomas Shaner is an Artist/Cartoonist from Cape Girardeau, Mo. He has two degrees from Southeast Missouri State University — B.A. in Art, and B.F.A. in Painting. He has been a lifelong fan of Star Trek, and his favorite series is Star Trek: The Next Generation.
Star Clipper Comics
6392 Delmar Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63130
Phone: (314) 725-9110
Hero Initiative Makes Its First Appearance at Wizard World St. Louis Comic Con in 2014
March 28, 2014 by Michael Pate
Filed under Comic Books, Convention News, Missouri, Top Stories
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Press Release:
Hero Initiative makes its first ever appearance at Wizard World St. Louis!
LOS ANGELES, CA (March 24, 2014) Hero Initiative, the non-profit that aids comic creators in medical and financial need, is travelling to Wizard World St. Louis from April 4-6 at the America's Center for the very first time!
Stop on by Hero's booth, #1016, to check out all our great merchandise!
In addition, visit our Hero Initiative ambassadors throughout the con floor who will be collecting donations for our worthy cause! Creators include Cullen Bunn (C20), Mike Grell (1022), Jai Nitz (D21), Chris Samnee (D19), and Arthur Suydam (A20).
About The Hero Initiative
The Hero Initiative is the first-ever federally chartered not-for-profit corporation dedicated strictly to helping comic book creators in need. Hero creates a financial safety net for yesterday's creators who may need emergency medical aid, financial support for essentials of life, and an avenue back into paying work. It's a chance for all of us to give back something to the people who have given us so much enjoyment.
Since its inception, The Hero Initiative has had the good fortune to grant over $500,000 to the comic book veterans who have paved the way for those in the industry today. For more information, visit www.heroinitiative.org or call 626-676-6354.
MO – Superman Biographer Signs
March 24, 2014 by Colin Solan
Filed under Comic Books, Missouri, Other, Signing and Appearance Profiles
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Author Larry Tye appears at Star Clipper on Wednesday April 2, 2014 at 7:30 pm to sign his newest book: Superman: The High Flying History of America's Most Enduring Hero!
Superman is the first full-fledged biography not just of the Man of Steel, but of the visionary writers and artists, publishers and performers, who kept aloft the red-and-blue-clad icon through seven decades and counting. Larry Tye shows us how Superman — like few other mythical characters before or since — has evolved in a way that offers a Rorschach test of his changing times and our highest aspirations.
The following night on April 3, at 7:30pm, he discusses his new book at The St. Louis Jewish Community Center in Creve Coeur (2 Millstone Campus Drive, 63146)
Tickets for the presentation will be available at Star Clipper for a discounted price of $16! That gets you admittance to the presentation AND the book!
Star Clipper Comics
6392 Delmar Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63130
Phone: (314) 725-9110
MO – Neal Adams Signing
March 22, 2014 by Colin Solan
Filed under Comic Books, Comic Strips, Missouri, Signing and Appearance Profiles
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Star Clipper is proud to announce a very special signing event with comic book legend Neal Adams on Wednesday, April 2nd from 4:00 to 7:00 pm.
Come meet Neal Adams and get one FREE autograph (Additional autographs are $10 each). Portfolios, art prints, books, and sketches will all be available for purchase. Neal Adams is also taking advance commissions, which will be available at the signing. Email Jason at adams[at]nealadams.com or call 212-869-4170 to set up an advance commission.
Adams is often cited as the comic illustrator who created the definitive modern design for such landmark DC Comic characters as Batman, Green Arrow, and Superman. He has also had legendary runs on X-Men, Deadman, Green Lantern/Green Arrow, and Avengers. He is famously the co-creator of legendary Batman villain Ra's Al Ghul with Denny O'Neil.
Avoid the massive lines at the convention and meet legendary comic illustrator, Neal Adams, for a personal signing experience!
As an added treat, Batman will be available for photos with Neal Adams. Get a photo of yourself with Neal and The Dark Knight!
Star Clipper Comics
6392 Delmar Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63130
Phone: (314) 725-9110
David Mack Provides Wolverine And The X-Men Variant for Wizard World St. Louis Comic Con 2014
March 21, 2014 by Anthony Aycock
Filed under Comic Books, Convention News, Missouri, Top Stories
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Press Release:
Marvel Comics & Wizard World Reveal 'Wolverine And The X-Men #1' Exclusive Variant Cover By David Mack For St. Louis Comic Con
VIP Attendees Receive Free Copy, April 4-6; Continues Year-long Series In Which Marvel Will Offer Exclusive Books At All 16 Wizard World Shows
NEW YORK, March 3, 2014 – Marvel Comics and Wizard World, Inc. (OTCBB: WIZD) today revealed the latest edition of its 2014 series of exclusive variant covers of the best Marvel titles with the unveiling of Wolverine And The X-Men #1, drawn by New York Times Best Selling author and artist David Mack. VIP attendees at Wizard World St. Louis Comic Con, April 4-6 at America's Center, will receive a free copy of the limited-edition book at registration.
Mack is scheduled to be on site at the event to sign copies (autograph fees may apply). Leading professional comic grader CGC will also be on hand to accept books for grading and Signature Series.
The colored version of Wolverine And The X-Men #1 will be limited to 3,000 copies and provided free at registration to all Wizard World St. Louis Comic Con VIP attendees, including any celebrity VIP packages.
Mack's Wolverine And The X-Men #1 follows the first three entries, Miracleman #1 and Miracleman #2, both drawn by Eisner Award Hall of Famer Neal Adams for Wizard World Portland Comic Con (Jan. 24-26) and New Orleans Comic Con (Feb. 7-9), respectively, and Wolverine #1, illustrated by noted cover artist Greg Horn, for Wizard World Sacramento Comic Con (March 7-9). Artwork is also complete for Daredevil #1 by Michael Golden for Wizard World Louisville Comic Con (March 28-30).
"We're very excited to partner with Wizard to bring this exclusive David Mack cover to Wolverine and the X-Men #1," says Marvel SVP, Sales & Marketing David Gabriel. "What Jason [Latour] and Mahmud [Asrar] are putting together is a very exciting series that's sure to be a hit and we're proud to team up with Wizard to help make the launch of the book extra special."
Mack is the writer and artist of the Kabuki graphic novels and Daredevil from Marvel Comics and the author and artist of his children's book The Shy Creatures from MacMillan. His work has garnered nominations for seven Eisner Awards, four International Eagle Awards, and both the Harvey and Kirby Awards in the category of Best New Talent.
"David is a favorite among Wizard World fans, and we're honored and excited to have his take on the Wolverine vs. X-Men franchise in this collectible." says John Macaluso, Wizard World CEO. "This series from Marvel continues to produce high-quality books that our attendees have been anticipating at each event."
Welcome to the Jean Grey School Of Higher Learning! The All New Marvel Now smash hit series schools with Jason Latour (Winter Soldier) and Mahmud Asrar (X-Men) leading the charge with drama, action and homework(?)!
World-famous X-Men Wolverine, Storm, and a star-studded faculty must educate the next generation all-powerful, but inexperienced mutants! But with their own lives steeped in deadly enemies and personal crises, how can the X-Men guide and educate–let alone defend–the school?
At the Jean Grey School, you never know who will enroll…or who will lead the class! And what mysterious organization waits in the shadows to destroy Wolverine's mutant sanctuary?
These questions and more are answered in the All-New Marvel Now sure-to-be-smash, Wolverine And The X-Men #1!
For more on the 2014 Wizard World St. Louis Comic Con, go to http://www.wizardworld.com/home-stlouis.html.
About Wizard World
Wizard World, Inc. (OTCBB: WIZD) produces Comic Cons and pop culture conventions across North America that celebrate graphic novels, comic books, cosplay, movies, TV shows, gaming, technology, toys and social networking. The events often feature celebrities from movies and TV, artists and writers, and events such as premieres, gaming tournaments, panels, and costume contests.
About Marvel Entertainment
Marvel Entertainment, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company, is one of the world's most prominent character-based entertainment companies, built on a proven library of more than 8,000 characters featured in a variety of media over seventy years. Marvel utilizes its character franchises in entertainment, licensing and publishing. For more information, visit marvel.com.
The full event schedule can be found at www.wizardworld.com.
Wizard World 2014-15 Schedule
March 7-9 – Wizard World Sacramento Comic Con
March 28-30 – Wizard World Louisville Comic Con
April 4-6 – Wizard World St. Louis Comic Con
May 2-4 – Wizard World Minneapolis Comic Con
May 30-June 1 – Wizard World Atlanta Comic Con
June 19-22 – Wizard World Philadelphia Comic Con
August 1-3 – Wizard World San Antonio Comic Con
August 21-24 – Wizard World Chicago Comic Con
September 12-14 – Wizard World Richmond Comic Con
September 26-28 – Wizard World Nashville Comic Con
October 2-4 – Wizard World Austin Comic Con
October 31-November 2 – Wizard World Ohio Comic Con
November 7-9 – Wizard World Tulsa Comic Con
November 21-23 – Wizard World Reno Comic Con
January 9-11, 2015 – Wizard World New Orleans Comic Con
January 23-15, 2015 – Wizard World Portland Comic Con
Planet Comicon 2014 Report
March 19, 2014 by Colin Solan
Filed under Comic Books, Con Reports and Photos, Missouri, Movies, Science Fiction and Fantasy, Television, Top Stories
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Thousands of colorfully dressed fans flocked to Kansas City, MO this past weekend to party and meet their heroes. And there were also comic convention-goers! While the fans of Iowa State and Baylor University were in town to cheer on their teams in the Big 12 tournament, many fans of comics, cosplay, and science fiction were at the convention center for Planet Comicon!
This was my first visit to this convention, even to the Midwest, but I still had an idea of how big the con would be. The promoters had a stellar line-up of comic creators including writers Scott Snyder (Batman), Jason Aaron (Amazing X-Men), Greg Rucka (Lazarus), Cullen Bunn (Wolverine), and Frank Tieri (Deadpool) and artists like Darwyn Cooke (New Frontier), Tim Sale (Captain America: White), Jill Thompson (Beasts of Burden), Dave Johnson (100 Bullets), Don Rosa (Uncle Scrooge), and many more.
One of the highlights of the show was meeting hip hop icon Darryl "DMC" McDaniel (1/3 of the groundbreaking rap group Run-DMC). He was in town promoting his latest venture, Darryl Makes Comics. A self-avowed comic nerd, DMC spoke at length during his signings and his panel about how he connected with comic books growing up, particularly Marvel titles as many were set in New York City. He even told a story about he and his brother selling off their beloved collection of comics at age 14 in order to purchase his first turntable set. His new line of comics will be treasury sized set in a universe in which DMC is only the first superhero to debut. With prominent industry creators such as Damion Scott, Ron Wimberley, Greg Pak, Dexter Vines, and more on-board, DMC assures fans that his comics will be created with integrity and a love of the medium.
Another big draw for Planet Comicon this year was a Star Trek: The Next Generation reunion. While the crowds were too big on Saturday and Sunday to catch all of their panels, I was able to sit in on Marina Sirtis (Counselor Troi) and Michael Dorn's (Lt. Worf) on Friday afternoon. Sirtis told the audience that the rest of the cast gets very nervous whenever she does a convention in the Midwest because she's very outspoken politically. Then she launched into a tirade against Obamacare detractors while Dorn tried to get her back onto the subject at hand. They fielded Q&A from the crowd and told many stories from behind the scenes of the show, which Sirtis described as being "like kindergarten at recess." One fan asked about the connection between TNG and the Disney animated series Gargoyles, in which Sirits voiced lead villain Demona and Dorn recurring character Coldstone. Dorn said that the producers were fans of TNG but still made everyone audition. Sirtis described Demona as being much closer to her actual personality than the demure Counselor Troi.
Growing up the only reason I even started watching TNG was because Levar Burton was the host of my favorite kids' show, Reading Rainbow. Having missed out on his panel, I decided to purchase an autograph. When I introduced and explained how much Reading Rainbow had meant to me, Burton replied by saying, "Colin, would you like a piece of gum?" holding up a pack of Extra. A fan ahead of me had given him a bag of goodies (candy, toys, hand sanitizer, etc.) and at first I demurred stuttering that I already had gum. "Are you sure?" he asked, "It's the classic bubblegum flavor." That's when a woman behind hissed, "What are you, stupid? Take the gum!" I realized that that this was a unique opportunity and thanked Burton for the pack. Naturally he signed the photo, "Colin, Enjoy the gum!"
All in all, this was a really fun convention. The organizers are to be applauded for getting a great list of guests and smoothly running a large con. I honestly have no qualms or criticisms to offer. Thanks to Ben & Jeni Defeo for showing me around the city (and then some) and my travelling partners Randy House and Christian Miller.


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Hey guys! Just so you know, I'm not using the .phps, I'm running as a blog and tinkering with the CSS through the custom themes menu.
Anyway, I'm trying to format the blog to look like a normal website, and it's so far involved a lot of manipulating of margins and sneaky font sizes and such to remove unwanted content from the page, but the one thing I can't seem to do is get the main body of text closer to the menu bar. There's about a 150px gap between the menu bar and the first line of text and I've scoured the CSS code and can't seem to find the parameter for it.
Can anyone help?
The site is http://www.roadcamel.com - but this isn't unique to me; every Quintus page needs a bit of scrolling before you hit main text, and I want to get rid of that.
Thanks guys!