text: Repositório Colecção: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/77 2016-07-27T21:17:33Z Mineral profile and arsenic accumulation in brown rice (Oryza sativa L.) from organic and conventional agriculture http://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/3769 Título: Mineral profile and arsenic accumulation in brown rice (Oryza sativa L.) from organic and conventional agriculture Autor: Nascimento, Ana; Mota, Carla; Coelho, Inês; Gueifão, S.; Santos, M.; Matos, A.S; Castanheira, Isabel Resumo: Portugal is the largest consumer of rice in Europe, with a consumption of 17 kg per capita per year. The process that produces brown rice removes only the outermost layer, the hull, of the rice kernel. This process is the least damaging to the nutritional value of the rice and avoids the loss of nutrients that occurs with further processing. This cereal has a key role in the world's food. However rice could be one of the main source of arsenic. Therefore risks benefits associated with the consumption of rice in Portugal needs to be clarified. The aim of this study is correlate the profile of minerals with arsenic accumulation levels in brown rice (Oryza sativa L.) from organic and conventional agriculture. Mineral profile and the total and different species of arsenic levels were determined in 17 samples of different types of brown rice, from organic and conventional agriculture, grown in different areas of Portugal. The determination of minerals, manganese, copper, zinc, iron, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, sodium and potassium was performed by Inductively Couple Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry – ICP-OES, while the arsenic was determined with a coupled mass spectrometry (ICP-MS / MS). Furthermore samples, with the highest content of arsenic, were analyzed to identify the different arsenic chemical species eventually present. The speciation analysis was carried by coupling an HPLC to the ICP-MS. Brown rice from organic agriculture, the highest mineral contents ranged from: 71.5 - 840 mg/100g (phosphorus), 69.6 - 497 mg/100g (potassium) and 37.8 - 301 mg/100g (magnesium). The content of copper and iron were the lowest and varied from 0.14 - 0.28 mg/100g and 0.76 - 0.97 mg/100g, respectively. Brown rice from conventional agriculture the highest mineral contents ranged from: 308 to 870 mg/100g (phosphorus), 221 to 278 mg/100g (potassium) and 111 to 290 mg/100g (magnesium). The content of copper and iron were the lowest and varied from 0.89 to 1.75 mg/100g and 0.17 to 0.77 mg/100g, respectively. Total arsenic ranged from 71.7 to 252 µg/Kg (organic agriculture) and 98.0 to 237 µg /Kg (conventional agriculture). The results, coherent for all samples, showed that the species present were mainly arsenite (AsIII), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA). Using ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis to find differences between organic and conventional brown rice, regarding arsenic levels, no differences between the characteristics under study were observed. Using Spearman correlation to compare total arsenic and mineral profile in organic and conventional brown rice, for a significant level of 95%, it was observed: positive correlation between arsenic and calcium, magnesium and phosphorus and a negative correlation between arsenic, copper and zinc, for organic brown rice. Conventional brown rice, showed a positive correlation between arsenic and phosphorus and a negative correlation between manganese and iron. 2015-09-01T00:00:00Z Accuracy evaluation in thiamin quantification in food matrices http://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/3768 Título: Accuracy evaluation in thiamin quantification in food matrices Autor: Flores, Cristina; Dias, M. Graça; Santos, Mariana Resumo: The performance evaluation of an RP-HPLC method to determine thiamine using different food matrices and reference materials, showed the method suitability to its purpose and to be submitted to accreditation. Intermediate precision evaluate through the relative standard deviation (RSD%) was under 8% for all food matrices tested an all the z-scores obtained for the reference materials were < 1.5.The estimated expanded measurement uncertainty was 13%. 2015-09-01T00:00:00Z Short run control charts as an internal quality control tool http://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/3755 Título: Short run control charts as an internal quality control tool Autor: Matos, Ana Sofia; Requeijo, José; Coelho, Inês; Gueifão, Sandra; Castanheira, Isabel Resumo: A novel methodology based on short run control charts was developed to establish simultaneous intra and inter daily control of instrumental blank samples for trace elements analysis through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Eleven inorganic trace elements were analyzed, where chromium was selected to illustrate the methodology. The use of joint control charts, both based on the Quesenberry Q-statistics, revealed to be a suitable tool in detecting possible instrument contaminations as well as evaluating IPC-MS stability. Descrição: Conference paper. 2015-08-01T00:00:00Z Iodine database: content of this trace element in food http://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/3753 Título: Iodine database: content of this trace element in food Autor: Delgado, Inês; Coelho, Inês; Castanheira, Isabel; Calhau, Maria Antónia Resumo: Iodine is an essential trace element in human and animal diets. However iodine deficiency is reported in most of the countries. Food is the natural source of iodine. Traceable analytical values to SI units are required to guarantee reliable measurement results which are used to estimate iodine intake overtime at national and international level. The aim of this study was to create an iodine database containing analytical values, methods of analysis and metrological concepts, described in scientific publications reporting food data. This database will be used as a starting tool to define the iodine key foods as part of national diet programme. Descrição: Conference paper. 2015-08-01T00:00:00Z


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Released: Apr 30th, 2009
Running Time: 90 Min.
Director: Various
Company: Magnus Productions
DVD Extras: Widescreen
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Genre: Compilation, Gay and Bi, Gay Specialty, Internal
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Oct 28, 2011 Live Review by Live Limelight
Illicitizen has a great sound that isn't heard often anymore...I did hear a distinct Talking Heads sound, with Elvis Costello thrown in and some Joe Jackson...A great look all around as well as a great sound...have a creative approach and a wonderful interplay between them and their instruments. The bass playing is fantastic, keeping the songs going yet great with Maria playing octaves and driving along runs. Eric's guitar solos are sharp and melodic...got their own sound and are really an enjoyable show to see as well as hear. I look forward to hearing anything they've recorded as well as seeing them perform again. If you like your early 80's New Wave with a modern twist, this is definitely the band for you...sound is definitely a pop/folk/indie sound that reminds me of the Talking Heads, crossed with Elvis Costello...They Might Be Giants...Crash Test Dummies...was very impressed with the intricate bass lines that Maria threw all over the place. She had a song or two that reminded me of the Red Hot Chilli Peppers bass lines, and she definitely holds her own during the song creating a very fine underlying mesh of sound for Eric to work with. Eric does a few "talky" songs, which are not high on my list of things I enjoy in a song. They are minimal though, as most of the time he's singing and he has a very good vocal range. Eric... is very charismatic on stage, silly, funny, and has a great time performing. I also enjoyed that lyrically he often uses more intelligent words...you've got to check these guys out. They just may surprise you with just how much talent they bring to the stage.
Pop Stalinist Review of Illicitizen - s/t
Charlotte, North Carolina's Illicitizen are Eric Cavanaugh and Maria Zaccaro and their first release, self-titled, is an eclectic mix of fluent blues guitar playing and soft, rhythmic synths and programming to back it up. The two-piece have combined their musical skills expertly to create this great first album, a real testament to their hard work and tireless effort...
Cavanaugh's vocal style echoes David Byrne from his Talking Heads days and a young Jarvis Cocker, slow, quiet yet attention-grabbing and melodic while Zaccaro's steady bass line, similar to that of Joy Division, compliments it wonderfully. The guitar blues are not revolutionary but the tight playing of Cavanaugh is implicative of an accomplished player and the programming is indicative of an imaginative and well-versed band.
33 Magazine Live and Record Review Apr 2, 2011
By day, the duo composed of Eric Cavanaugh and Maria Zaccaro are average, well-meaning, law-abiding citizens, coloring within the lines that society set for them. By night, they don their Chuck Taylors and latex skirts, breaking all the musical rules as indie group Illicitizen. The couple's rebellion against the tyranny of the Top 40 has earned them the praise of critics and a legion of fans from Boston to Savannah. Yet there's more to them than horn rimmed glasses and PBRs.
Live Preview on Knoxivi.com Nov 17, 2011
Illicitizen of Charlotte, N.C. is the duo of Eric Cavanaugh and Maria Zaccaro, who make New Wave electronica they're quick to admit in their bio earns them comparison to the Talking Heads. But wait, there's more! Their quirky songs also nod to modern hip-hop and '50s slow-dance-in-the-gym songs.
WHEN: 10 p.m. today.
WHERE: Snug Harbor, 1228 Gordon St.
WHY: The duo celebrates the release of its self-titled 17-track debut, which highlights demonstrative vocalist Cavanaugh, whose dramatic delivery echoes David Byrne in his Talking Heads days and Violent Femmes' Gordon Gano. On the' eclectic disk, the pair swerves from cabaret-folk to arty post-punk to jangly minor chord alt-pop without losing its, identity or its sense of humor on tracks like "Two Eggs Any Style," "Therapy" and "Olives and Almonds."
It's not easy to try and categorize the music of Illicitizen – hints of '80s rock, dark mod, indie rock, blues, punk, folk – combined with the fact no two songs sound the same musically. "Detached" reminded me of the tone of "Hurdy Gurdy Man" – though I couldn't decide if it was closer to Donovan or Butthole Surfers interpretation. The music retains a stripped-down, garage feeling to it, without sounding cheap or "high school." "New New One" had the vibe of a song from the 1950s with some punk riffs thrown over the top of it. "Two Eggs Any Style" uses a bit of a reggae groove in it...The band finds a way to be unique in its approach while combining familiar elements – giving them a foothold of their own on the music scene. Illicitizen will hold its CD release party at Snug Harbor on June 4...


text: I was just wondering the reasons NOT to get an epi. I have yet to hear a story about the baby being affected. Has anyone ever had a bad experience with one? I'm starting to think the only reason some women choose to go without, is for the bragging rights.


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The 16th century was the century which lasted from January 1, 1501 to December 31, 1600 in the Gregorian calendar.
2k views
Why were there no religious wars in Poland?
During the 16th and 17th centuries, there were many religious wars in Europe. In countries, were it was very close to Rome (like Spain, Portugal, Austria, Italian states), they did not occur. In ...
446 views
Why was the capital of Poland moved from Krakow to Warsaw in 1595?
This question is a follow-up to the question Why did Poland keep Warsaw as its capital instead of returning it to Krakow in the 20th century? In particular: Now as for Warsaw becoming the capital....


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Real Women Makeover Hall of Fame
We hear you're a sucker for before and after shots -- you're so not alone. Peruse the best makeup looks we've done in the past few years for these real women makeovers
Hair: Jose Muniz, master colorist at the Ted Gibson Salon, gives Liz's yellow hair much-needed dimension with a dark blonde base and cool blonde highlights. Next, hair guru, Ted Gibson, layers Liz's thin hair and creates sexy, side-swept bangs.
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SEE NEXT PAGE: The Fabulous Hair Makeover
Older comments
by EricaF123 Saturday, December 29, 2012 at 07:26AM Report as inappropriate
these are great new looks
by LittleBunny Sunday, July 29, 2012 at 05:52PM Report as inappropriate
Most of them look soooo much better!!
by AutumnFlower Monday, July 23, 2012 at 10:26AM Report as inappropriate
Why are they wearing different clothes and no makeup in the 1st pic? Of course they look better in the 2nd. A pet peeve.
by asiagirl4ever Monday, July 16, 2012 at 07:49PM Report as inappropriate
it's nice and reassuring to have some "real women" articles on here, thanks totalbeauty :))
by LeSucre Thursday, June 14, 2012 at 01:32AM Report as inappropriate
makes her look younger
by memaw59 Thursday, May 3, 2012 at 06:09AM Report as inappropriate
I'm not a hug fan of nude lips. We all need a bit of colour, and a bit of lippy (in the right shade) will make teeth look whiter, and complete the look. Excellent results on the hair colour changes, though!
by Perfectionist Tuesday, April 24, 2012 at 05:20AM Report as inappropriate
the first one is my favorite but all these women look amazing in the after shots
by sportimonki13 Sunday, April 15, 2012 at 10:20PM Report as inappropriate
simple and gorgeous...fabulous job!
by olkrav319 Thursday, April 5, 2012 at 04:09PM Report as inappropriate
Great makeovers! Love it! :)
by Brandi27 Thursday, March 22, 2012 at 07:50AM Report as inappropriate
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Spinner 360 Workshop @ Lomography Gallery Store NYC Greenwich VillageShare Tweet
The Spinner 360 is an incredible panoramic tool!
With just a swift pull of the rip cord you can create amazing 360 degree photographs. During this workshop we will be discussing the tips and tricks you'll need to make stunning panoramic photographs with ease.
photos via majorted
For more October events at Lomography Gallery Store NYC Greenwich Village click here!
Lomography Gallery Store NYC
41 West 8th Street NYC 10011
written by lomographynyc on 2011-10-20 #news #spinner-360 #nyc #lomography-gallery-store #workshop #greenwich-village #new-york-city #event


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When a Activity have a long text, the preview image does not show in the Activity Stream. When you open the Activity single-page both the image and all the text shows, so the problem seems to be in the preview.
When I'm looking at the text in the Activity (in wp-admin) I can see the tags [bpfb_images] in the end of the post and my guess is that they are left out in the preview. When I move [bpfb_images] to the top the preview image shows in the Activity Stream, so there seems to be some kind of limit of characters in the stream? Now I have to do this manually every time a user post an activity with a long text. Not a good solution.
Thank you in advance!


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In spite of the checked option for
iframe (full support) using the Visual tab in TinyMCE / RTE / rich text editor will result in the Google Maps "embed code" iframe being stripped out.
I realize KSES is about what is alowed by WordPress to be saved as post/page content but this plugins description suggest that it will make TinyMCE not strip it either. This is not the case...
Steps to reproduce:
1. Activate Extend KSES and check
iframe (full support)
2. Go to Google Maps and get an iframe embed code for any map
3. Edit a post in HTML view and paste that code in content
4. Switch to Visual view and see the map being rendered inside the content pane
5. Switch back to HTML view and notice the iframe has been stripped!
To make TinyMCE not strip iframe stuff, I found some helpfull code suggested by user:eswhite at the end of http://wordpress.org/support/topic/google-maps-iframe-deleted-with-tinymce-and-advanced-tinymce (closed thread)
add_filter('tiny_mce_before_init', create_function( '$a','$a["extended_valid_elements"] = "iframe[id|class|title|style|align|frameborder|height|longdesc|marginheight|marginwidth|name|scrolling|src|width]"; return $a;') );
The code pasted in functions.php works. Maybe it can be used in this plugin too? To make it do what it says on the box, so to speak ;)


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Hi All
I'm still slowly but surely working on converting my old Nucleus blog over to WordPress. One feature I'd definitely wanted but am not quite sure how to handle now? Tags.
My blog is really quite random, and I'd thought I could use tags to help keep things organized. But i'm wondering whether in the long run its best to use tons of tags with all the variations I can think of, or whether I should try to keep things consolidated somewhat. For example:
photography, product photography, macro, close-up vs just a simple
It does seem the former style seems to make for a gigantic and redundant looking tag-cloud formation, so if I go that route I'll likely hide the formation all together. But then how else would they be used?
Any thoughts?


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A Kansas State University senior is among a group of eight collegiate journalists selected to participate in the 2014 class of the National Newspaper Association Foundation News Fellows program.
This page and other exclusive local content require a subscription.
Terms of Service | Privacy Policy | The Manhattan Mercury, 318 North 5th Street, Manhattan, Kansas, 66502 | Copyright 2012
Reproduction of any kind is prohibited without written consent.


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Five Lone Star State Type III Incident Management Teams are stationed in College Station.
The teams have been requested by the Governor's Division of Emergency management. The Type III teams will leave Thursday for the Alamo Regional Command Center in San Antonio.
The Lone Star State IMT is supported by the Texas Forest Service. These teams support impacted communities by managing security and continuity of government issues, assessment of critical infrastructure and restoration of essential services following a catastrophic incident.
The teams are currently stationed at the Emergency Operations Training Center at TEEX.


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What I want to do is put up a web site to help mark my mother's 80th birthday (in December). I'll use it to let people know about a family party but mostly, want family and friends to add content easily.
Do you think I should use a Directory plug-in or maybe there's a better option. I'm fine with a site where I am admin and have another one or two contributors but all I need here is for say a half dozen people to be able to post without access to *only* the posts they might create.


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charming nice bed&breakfast in the middle of a cosy silent village. Very clean rooms, friendly host and a superb service during the breakfast. Pls note that there are no dinner possibilities in the village, but the town Bosa is only 5 minutes away with plenty of restaurant.
Top-rated Attractions Nearby
Top-rated Restaurants Nearby


text:
Hello Hendison,
I updated my plugin to the newest version 3.8.2 and most of my previous settings where
lost or incorrect. I also saw the video is not updated for a while, are those settings still valid for the new update 3.8.2? Why are the settings in this plugin influenced by the update?
Thanks in advance,


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Oligodendroglioma is characterized by unique clinical, pathological, and genetic features. Recurrent losses of chromosomes 1p and 19q are strongly associated with this brain cancer but knowledge of the identity and function of the genes affected by these alterations is limited. We performed exome sequencing on a discovery set of 16 oligodendrogliomas with 1p/19q co-deletion to identify new molecular features at base-pair resolution. As anticipated, there was a high rate of IDH mutations: all cases had mutations in either IDH1 (14/16) or IDH2 (2/16). In addition, we discovered somatic mutations and insertions/deletions in the CIC gene on chromosome 19q13.2 in 13/16 tumours. These discovery set mutations were validated by deep sequencing of 13 additional tumours, which revealed 7 others with CIC mutations, thus bringing the overall mutation rate in oligodendrogliomas in this study to 20/29 (69%). In contrast, deep sequencing of astrocytomas and oligoastrocytomas without 1p/19q loss revealed that CIC alterations were otherwise rare (1/60; 2%). Of the 21 non-synonymous somatic mutations in 20 CIC-mutant oligodendrogliomas, 9 were in exon 5 within an annotated DNA interacting domain and 3 were in exon 20 within an annotated protein interacting domain. The remaining 9 were found in other exons and frequently included truncations. CIC mutations were highly associated with oligodendroglioma histology, 1p/19q co-deletion and IDH1/2 mutation (p<0.001). Although we observed no differences in the clinical outcomes of CIC mutant versus wild-type tumors, in a background of 1p/19q co-deletion, hemizygous CIC mutations are likely important. We hypothesize that the mutant CIC on the single retained 19q allele is linked to the pathogenesis of oligodendrogliomas with IDH mutation. Our detailed study of genetic aberrations in oligodendroglioma suggests a functional interaction between CIC mutation, IDH1/2 mutation and 1p/19q co-deletion.
Oligodendroglioma, a glioma subtype marked by unique clinical, pathological, and genetic characteristics, is composed of neoplastic cellular elements that resemble oligodendrocytes. Unlike other gliomas such as astrocytomas and ependymomas, oligodendrogliomas are chemosensitive and often progress in a slow and predictable manner [1]. Oligodendrogliomas display a classical appearance of cells with round, regular nuclei associated with clearing of the cytoplasm and in close proximity to fine branching vasculature [2]. Most importantly, oligodendrogliomas are strongly linked to co-deletions of the short arm of chromosome 1 (1p) and the long arm of chromosome 19 (19q). These recurrent genetic alterations in turn have been strongly linked to favourable clinical behaviour and classic oligodendroglioma histology such that 1p/19q co-deletion is considered a defining feature [2–4].
Recent developments in brain tumour genomics have highlighted the uniqueness of oligodendrogliomas [5–7]. In particular, it has been shown that the proneural gene expression signature is enriched in oligodendrogliomas, particularly those with 1p/19q co-deletion [5, 8]. In addition to displaying the proneural signature, 1p/19q codeleted oligodendrogliomas are associated with a constellation of positive prognostic markers including methylation of the MGMT promoter, IDH1 mutations, and the recently-described CpG island methylator phenotype (G-CIMP) [9]. Although these markers are also present in glioblastomas that arise from low- grade astrocytomas, an important divergence in the molecular pathogenesis of low-grade oligodendrogliomas and astrocytomas is 1p/19q co-deletion in the former and TP53 mutations in the latter [10]. The mutual exclusivity of these events underscores the distinct molecular characteristics of oligodendrogliomas.
Despite these advances, our understanding of the genetic underpinnings of oligodendrogliomas remains unclear. Deletions of 1p and 19q, which result in loss of heterozygosity in those regions, may unmask mutations leading to the oligodendroglioma phenotype. This could arise strictly within 1p and 19q or could be the result of global genomic or epigenomic changes. However efforts to find candidate tumour-associated genes in 1p and 19q, and more globally, have met with limited success [11–14]. Until recently, our progress in understanding oligodendrogliomas also has been hampered by a dearth of robust model systems with which to conduct functional studies [15].
Next generation sequencing technology and advancements in bioinformatics have transformed the field of cancer genomics. Together, these developments afford rapid, cost-effective "deep- sequencing" of cancer genomes, thus enabling genome-wide searches for cancer-associated mutations [16–23]. Within the last month, two groups have independently reported their findings from next-generation sequencing of oligodendrogliomas with markedly different results. One group sequenced all exons, microRNA, splice sites, and promoter regions on 1p and 19q in 7 oligodendrogliomas and found no recurrent alterations [14]. The other sequenced the exomes of 7 oligodendrogliomas, and performed directed sequencing in an additional 27 oligodendrogliomas, and reported recurrent mutations in CIC in 53% of their cases and FUBP1 in 15% [24].
Here, we report the results of our concurrent effort to identify somatic mutations potentially contributing to 1p/19q codeleted oligodendroglioma through a combination of exome, transcriptome, and whole genome shotgun sequencing. We found frequent mutations in the CIC gene, noting that these cluster in the DNA-interacting HMG domain and the protein- protein interacting GRO-L domain. 13/16 tumours in our discovery set harbored protein altering somatic mutations, nonsense mutations, or insertions/deletions (INDELs) of CIC. Subsequent deep amplicon sequencing of CIC from 73 gliomas with matched normal tissues identified a further 8 somatic CIC mutations and INDELs, and 7/8 of these were found in 1p/19q codeleted oligodendrogliomas with IDH1 mutation. Our study highlights a unique relationship between recurrent chromosomal aberrations and mutations in CIC and suggests that mutations in CIC are key events in the development of oligodendrogliomas.
Fresh frozen tumour tissue, matched normal blood, and formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue from patients undergoing surgery for oligodendroglioma, oligoastrocytoma, and astrocytoma were obtained from the Calgary Brain Tumour Bank. H&E-stained sections of the samples were examined for sample quality. Tumour samples with estimated >60% tumour cell content and <20% necrosis were used for nucleic acid extraction. DNA was extracted from fresh frozen tissue, FFPE tissue, and frozen blood buffy coat using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA). RNA was extracted from tumour tissue using Trizol (Invitrogen, Burlington, ON) and was evaluated for quality using an Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent, Mississauga, ON). RNA samples with a RIN ≥8 were used for transcriptional analyses. Additional tumour and matched normal specimens were provided by the Cancer Genetics Laboratory at BCCA and from the Massachusetts General Hospital Brain Tumour Repository. All samples were collected, de-identified, and used in accordance with approval by the respective local research ethics boards.
Demographic, diagnostic, treatment, and follow-up information from Calgary cases was retrieved from medical records. 1p and 19q status was determined previously by routine PCR microsatellite analysis or FISH. IDH1 and IDH2 genotyping was performed as described previously [25]. Progression-free survival (PFS) was calculated from the date of diagnosis to the date of recurrence or the date last seen without recurrence. Overall survival (OS) was calculated to the date of death or date last seen. Comparisons of mutation status with tumour histology or grade were performed using Fisher's exact test. Stratified analyses were performed using Mantel-Haenszel statistic. PFS and OS according to mutation status were examined using Kaplan-Meier survival curves with statistical testing by log-rank test. P-values were 2-tailed and a level of <0.05 was considered significant. SAS version 9.2 (SAS Institute, Cary, NC) was used for statistical analyses.
WGSS was performed on the SOLiD 4.0 platform as previously described [26]. Paired end reads were aligned to the reference human genome (NCBI Build 36.1, hg18) using diBayes. Single nucleotide variant (SNV) detection was performed using the Samtools package (0.1.5) [27] and candidate somatic mutations were identified by comparison of tumour and matched normal DNA sequence data. Candidate somatic mutations were disqualified if one or more reads from the matched normal sample presented evidence for the SNV.
Agilent SureSelect target enrichment kit was used for exome library construction as per the manufacturer's protocol (Agilent, Mississauga, ON). Library construction for RNA Seq was performed as described [16, 28]. Sequencing was performed on the Illumina GAIIx platform. RNA-Seq reads were processed as previously described [16, 19], and paired end reads were aligned to the reference human genome assembly using BWA (0.5.7) [29]. SNV detection was performed using SNVMix2 with somatic non-synonymous SNVs identified by referring to the matched normal pileup [29] with filtering to include SNVs such that the combined probability of either heterozygous or homozygous SNV > 0.99 [30].
Deep sequencing of the entire CIC gene (chr19: 47,467,725-47,480,658; hg18), including the unannotated exon 0 identified in RNA-Seq, was performed using the Illumina HiSeq2000 platform (Supplemental Data for detailed methods).
All somatic SNVs identified in WGSS and exome sequencing were examined and confirmed manually using IGV Browser 2.0 (Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA). PCR and Sanger sequencing were used to validate all CIC mutations and INDELs in tumour and matched normal samples (Supplemental Data). Lastly, exons 5 and 20 were Sanger sequenced in an extended validation set of 111 gliomas.
To survey the spectrum of somatic aberrations in the coding sequence present in oligodendrogliomas, we conducted Illumina exome sequencing on a discovery set of sixteen pairs of 1p/19q codeleted oligodendrogliomas and matched normal bloods. Sequencing was performed to >100X average redundancy of the on-target region from the Agilent SureSelect kit (v1.0). After identification of somatic SNVs, non-synonymous mutations were identified and grouped by gene (Table 1). This analysis revealed 3212 candidate somatic non-synonymous mutations in 2696 genes. Of the 3212 mutations, 340 SNV's were manually verified in IGV.
Three genes were mutated in three or more cases (IDH1, CIC, NOTCH1). The canonical mutation resulting in p.Arg132His in IDH1 was seen in 14 cases and the remaining 2 tumours were mutated in IDH2 resulting in p.Arg172His. Out of a total set of 340 IGV validated non-synonymous mutations, 54 more mutations were seen in the same gene in more than one case – these included alterations of SOX11, DACH1, PTPRZ1 and ATM. Two post-treatment tumours displayed significantly elevated rates of somatic mutation approximately 9- fold greater than the rest of the tumour exomes (Supplemental Data). Similar to a subgroup of recurrent glioblastoma, somatic mutations in the mismatch repair gene MSH6 were present in both of these cases [31, 32]. TP53 mutations were present only in these two hypermutator tumours.
Although somatic coding mutations of FUBP1 were recently reported in a subset of oligodendrogliomas [24], we did not find any non-synonymous somatic mutations in this gene in the 16 oligodendroglioma cases, despite having 5 fold redundant coverage or better of all the FUBP1 exonic regions except in the first and last exons. We did, however, identify two FUBP1 candidate somatic splice site variants at chr1:78205319 and chr1:78193604.
After IDH1, the gene next most frequently mutated in our discovery cohort was CIC (Source:UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot;Acc:Q96RK0), located on chromosome 19q within the commonly deleted region [33]. In our exome libraries, we found 13 of 16 tumours mutated in CIC, one of which carried two distinct mutations. To validate the exome findings and to determine the frequency of CIC mutations in oligodendrogliomas, we performed CIC-focused deep sequencing on the original 16 tumour/normal pairs in the discovery set as well tumour/normal pairs from 13 additional known 1p/19q codeleted tumours. All mutations identified in the 13/16 discovery samples by exome sequencing were confirmed by deep amplicon sequencing. Seven of the 13 additional cases were also identified as having CIC mutations, yielding a CIC mutation rate in oligodendrogliomas of 20/29 (69%).
In contrast, deep sequencing of 60 tumour/normal pairs from a variety of astrocytomas and mixed oligoastrocytomas without 1p/19q co-deletion revealed only 1 mutant tumour (2%). This set contained 4 cases with 1p loss only and 9 cases with 19q loss only. Interestingly, the single somatic non-coding mutation was found in a tumour with 19q loss only.
To further determine whether CIC mutations were commonly found in other cancer types, including those outside the brain, we searched for CIC alterations in the Genome Sciences Centre (GSC) database containing SNVs from next-generation sequencing of 2315 cancer and normal libraries [34]. Whereas CIC mutations were present in 13/16 (81%) of our oligodendroglioma exome libraries, the GSC database search revealed that CIC alterations in general are rare -- 0% of normal libraries and only 7.3% of libraries from other non-oligodendroglial cancers.
Of the 21 mutations detected in the 20 CIC-mutant oligodendrogliomas (one carrying two distinct mutations), 9 were clustered in exon 5 within an annotated DNA interacting domain; 3 were in exon 20 within an annotated protein interacting domain, and the remaining 9 were in other exons (Figure 1). We also detected recurrent somatic mutations resulting in p.Arg201Trp and p.Arg215Trp changes and a recurrent out-of-frame deletion at chr19:47483653delTCC in exon 5. Another recurrent somatic mutation in codon 1515 of exon 20, leading to change of Arg>His and Arg>Leu, was also identified. When the rare CIC mutations were identified in the GSC human variant database, exons 5 and 20 mutations were represented in 8.6% of non-oligodendroglial tumours but disproportionally in 69% of oligodendrogliomas. Similarly, a survey of the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC v54) database showed 10 reported mutations in CIC, none occurring in exons 5 or 20.
To assess the significance of the clustering of somatic mutations in CIC exons 5 and 20, we performed multiple sequence alignments using CLUSTALW [35]. This analysis revealed that CIC exon 5 encoded a conserved annotated DNA-binding region, while exon 20 encoded a conserved domain lacking annotation in humans (Supplemental Data). Side-by-side alignments of human and fruit fly CIC protein sequences revealed that the second conserved region mapped to a protein-protein interaction region, annotated in the fly as the "GRO-L interaction region" (not shown).
Focused PCR and Sanger sequencing of CIC exons 5 and 20 was then performed on an extension set of 111 primary glioma specimens including 68 oligodendrogliomas (WHO II and III), 11 mixed oligoastrocytomas (WHO II and III), 32 astrocytomas (WHO II–IV), and 4 normal brain specimens. The association of CIC mutations with 1p/19q codeleted oligodendrogliomas was seen again in this cohort. In this extension set, 15 mutations were detected of which 14 (93%) were found in IDH1 mutated, 1p/19q codeleted oligodendrogliomas. (See Supplemental Data for detailed list of samples and mutations).
Of the 204 tumour samples studied (16 discovery set exome and CIC deep sequenced, 77 CIC deep sequenced, 111 CIC ex5/20 Sanger sequenced), 191 were informative for CIC, IDH1/2, and 1p/19q. CIC mutations were closely associated with classic oligodendroglioma histology (p<0.001), and therefore also associated with other oligodendroglioma-related mutations in IDH1/2 mutations (p<0.001), and 1p/19q loss (p<0.001). No exon 5 CIC mutations were noted in tumours that were both IDH1/2 wild-type and 1p/19q intact. The single instance of a CIC mutation outside of classic oligodendrogliomas occurred in exon 20 in a case of WHO IV astrocytoma/gliomatosis cerebri, raising the possibility that exon 20 mutations may be less specific for oligodendrogliomas than other mutations. No CIC mutations were identified in 4 normal brain tissue samples. Thus, CIC mutations appear to be a specific to prototypical oligodendrogliomas wherein we frequently observed co-alteration of IDH, 1p/19q, and CIC abnormalities.
To determine whether the presence of CIC mutation has prognostic significance, we examined relationships with tumour grade, progression-free survival, and overall survival. Among the 84 oligodendrogliomas with 1p/19q co-deletion (out of 99 oligodendrogliomas total), CIC mutations were detected in 15/44 (34.1%) of low-grade tumours and 19/40 (47.5%) of high-grade tumours (p=0.27). Controlling for 1p/19q status in a stratified analysis, there was a trend toward an association between the presence of a CIC mutation and high-grade histology (OR 2.05, 95% CI 0.86–4.66, p=0.10). Clinical follow-up was available for 43 patients with oligodendrogliomas of known CIC status (23 wild-type, 20 mutant). In this cohort, CIC mutation was not associated with recurrence (13/22 wild type vs. 10/21 mutant, p=0.55), progression-free survival (p=0.89), or overall survival (p=0.99) (Figure 2).
The initiation and maintenance of different types of brain tumours has been linked to the presence of "tumour initiating cells" (TICs) [36, 37]. These cells have the ability to undergo asymmetric and symmetric division to propagate and to generate various types of neoplastic progeny. TIC lines propagated under stem cell promoting conditions have become valuable reagents in the study of cancer biology as they more reliably maintain phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of their parent cancers. Recently, two oligodendroglioma-derived TIC lines (BT54 and BT88) were established that display the oligodendrogliomatous phenotype and co-deletions of 1p and 19q [15]. To determine whether these cell lines were similar at the DNA sequence level to our patient cohorts and to assist in the use of the lines for functional studies of oligodendroglioma, we sequenced the genomes of the two TIC lines using SOLiD technology to an average of 30X haploid coverage (Supplemental Data). We confirmed that line BT54 carried the mutation chr19:47483801G>C affecting the CIC exon 6 splice acceptor site and line BT88 has a missense mutation leading to p.ARg1515His, both of which were identified in the respective parental tumour tissues from which the lines had been derived.
Analysis of RNA Seq data confirmed that the CIC mutations identified at the DNA level in the exomes resulted in expression of mutation-bearing CIC transcripts. Additional gene expression analyses of 16 oligodendrogliomas, including 4 wildtype and 12 with mutated in CIC also showed no significant difference in transcript expression levels between wildtype and mutated CIC (data not shown). The assembly of RNA Seq data using ABySS [38, 39] revealed the presence of a novel alternative transcript. A previously unknown exon (exon 0) was spliced to exon 2. Thus we predict two predominant transcripts of CIC in oligodendrogliomas: a short isoform predicted to encode a protein of 1608 amino acids (160 kDa), and a long isoform, incorporating exon 0 and predicted to encode 2517 amino acids (250 kDa). We confirmed the specificity of our antibody via CIC sequence specific siRNA knockdown which also confirmed the presence of both short and long form proteins in protein blot and immunoprecipitation-MRM assay (Figure 3A, B1–2). Next we confirmed CIC protein expression in lysates from control human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK293), BT54 (somatic mutation affecting splice acceptor in exon 6), and BT88 (p.Arg1515His) were equivalent, indicating that CIC mutant protein is expressed and that both predicted transcripts encode CIC protein (Figure 3C)
The data presented in this study, generated from systematic sequencing of tumour exomes, genomes, and transcriptomes of oligodendroglioma, demonstrate the power of massively parallel next generation sequencing in uncovering novel genetic changes in cancers. We sequenced a total of 628,096,883,783 bp of tumour and 499,887,339,249 bp of normal DNA from genome, RNA-seq and exome libraries. From this, we confirmed that IDH mutations are a universal feature of oligodendrogliomas. We also found novel potential driver mutations in CIC in a majority of the tumours.
On a broad level, the data show that oligodendrogliomas carry a relatively modest and stable somatic mutational load compared to many other cancers -- much lower than that present in glioblastoma, melanoma, lymphoma, and colorectal cancer (Broad Institute, unpublished). In addition to known positive prognostic factors such as the proneural gene signature and MGMT promoter methylation, the finding that oligodendrogliomas bear mutations relatively infrequently might also explain the relatively benign clinical course of this tumour and its initial chemosensitivity, an hypothesis that has yet to be formally tested. A particularly striking finding from our analysis, however, was the identification of recurrent mutations in CIC and the apparent relationship between mutations in CIC and IDH genes, and the 1p/19q anomaly, which appear to be distinguishing features of oligodendrogliomas.
CIC, found on chromosome 19q13.2, encodes the mammalian homolog of the Drosophila transcriptional repressor Capicua. In Drosophila, Capicua is a transcriptional repressor with crucial roles in development – it represses genes downstream of the RAS/MAPK pathway that signal the differentiation of wing veins, imaginal eye discs, and head and tail polarity development [40–42]. Mammalian Capicua is highly expressed in the brain, particularly in the external granular cells of the developing cerebellum [43], and its over-expression has been identified in medulloblastomas, an aggressive primitive neuroectodermal tumour of the central nervous system [44]. However CIC mutations in medulloblastoma have not been reported. Association of CIC alterations with human disease is restricted to two diseases affecting cells of the neural crest lineage. Spinocerebellar Ataxia I (SCAI), a progressive neurodegenerative disease, and Ewing's Family Tumours, a cohort of aggressive soft tissue tumours affecting children and young adults, both involve defects of the CIC gene which in turn lead to dysregulated interactions of the CIC protein with downstream signaling partners [45, 46]. With respect to the Ewing's family of tumours, rare cases of Ewing's sarcoma have a recurrent chromosomal translocation t(4;19)(q35;q13) that generates a novel CIC –DUX4 fusion protein. The fusion oncoprotein exhibits enhanced transcriptional activation of the ETS family genes ERM/ETV5and ETV1 [45, 47] whose expression levels are also elevated in "traditional" Ewing's sarcoma with the EWS-FLI1 fusion [48].
It is intriguing that recurrent mutation in CIC, located on chromosome 19q, is found almost exclusively in 1p/19q codeleted oligodendrogliomas with IDH1 mutation. Yet loss of chromosome 1p is more strongly associated with the oligodendrogliomatous phenotype and clinical behaviour than 19q loss [3]. In addition, 19q loss, which is occasionally found in astrocytomas, has traditionally been considered less specific to oligodendroglioma. Thus, it was unexpected that our sequencing did not yield more recurrent candidate coding point mutations in 1p, including mutations in FUBP1 as reported by others [24]. Since our study focused on the detection of recurrent point mutations, other types of recurrent alterations affecting the 1p region have not been excluded. Larger scale sequencing of panels of whole tumor and normal genomes would address this possibility.
High levels of cross-species sequence conservation and identification of functional domains encoded by the human CIC gene support possible functional consequences of mutations in CIC. Two highly conserved regions in CIC include the high mobility group (HMG) DNA binding domain in exon 5 and the protein-protein interaction GRO-L domain in exon 20 at the C-terminus of the protein – both these regions contained recurrent mutations in our patient series. We have confirmed that mutant CIC mRNA and mutant CIC protein are expressed. Thus, based on the known structure/function of CIC, it is likely that the oligodendroglioma mutations play a key role in the biology of the disease.
Two- thirds of CIC somatic mutations in oligodendroglioma occurred in exon 5 within the HMG-box domain. A majority of these are clustered around several hotspots in the following order of frequency – p.Arg215 > p.Arg201 > p.Arg202, and the affected residues display a high degree of evolution conservation in all examined vertebrate homologs. Furthermore, 33% of the unique exon 5 mutations were predicted to affect protein function using POLYPHEN2 analysis which included the recurrent p.Arg201Trp and p.Arg215Trp changes. Interestingly, 5/20 exon 5 mutations affected amino acid position 215 and 3 of these caused p.Arg215Trp changes, which corresponds to the Drosophila cicArg505Trp mutation associated with loss of CIC function. These mutations result in aberrant Drosophila eye development [42]. After exon 5, the next most frequently altered CIC region was in the C- terminal portion of exon 20. We found 4 mutations causing amino acid changes at p.Arg1515 to His, Leu, and Cys. All were predicted to be deleterious to protein function by POLYPHEN2 analysis. It is undetermined, however, whether the hemizygous CIC mutations in oligodendroglioma result in loss or gain of protein function. Whatever the consequence, the recurrent nature of CIC mutations in such a high percentage of tumours supports that they are driver mutations central to the genesis and/or identity of the tumours. It is clear that carefully designed functional studies taking into account genomic context (such as 1p/19q loss and IDH mutations) are necessary to delineate the role of CIC in the pathogenesis of oligodendroglioma.
Further investigation of this complex relationship and of the downstream molecular consequences of CIC mutation will necessitate the development of novel biological reagents and appropriate model systems. To this end, the two oligodendroglioma TIC lines analyzed here represent a unique resource to study the relationship between 1p/19q co-deletions and the special biology and clinical behaviour of this tumour. Future studies should also concentrate on sequencing of CIC in larger cohorts of oligodendrogliomas with clinical follow-up data to better distill potential influences on outcome. This will most likely involve international multicenter collaboration similar to a recent study [49].
In the minority of oligodendrogliomas where we do not find CIC mutations, it is reasonable to speculate that other mutations in the RAS/MAPK pathway or in CIC interacting proteins may result in a phenocopy of CIC mutants. One potential candidate is ATXN2, which we found mutated in two oligodendrogliomas in our exome dataset. CIC is known to interact with ATXN1 in human disease [46], and ATXN1 is modulated by ATXN2 [50]. Similarly, we and others [24] have found a low frequency of NOTCH mutations in oligodendrogliomas. Recent work suggests direct involvement of ATXN1 in the NOTCH signaling pathway that has critical roles in neural development and tumourigenesis [51] [52]. Lastly, FUBP1 was reported to be mutated in oligodendroglioma [24], and although we did not find non-synonymous coding mutations in our tumours we did detect infrequent somatic splice site variants. The possible relationship between FUBP1 and CIC, however, remains to be elucidated. Our working model is that mutations in CIC (in the majority of tumours) or a number of related genes such as ATXN2, NOTCH1, and FUBP1 (in a minority of tumours) may be functionally equivalent in the context of 1p/19q loss, IDH1/2 mutation, and the genesis of oligodendroglioma (FIGURE 4). In our exome discovery cohort, we noted various patterns of co-occurrence of somatic mutations affecting CIC, NOTCH genes, and ATXN2. However, such a model has yet to be formally tested in a larger cohort of tumours and also in the context of the two predominant patterns of mutations in CIC affecting the two functional domains.
Our discovery that CIC mutations are a core abnormality in the majority of oligodendrogliomas has translational and clinical implications in neuro-oncology. Improved understanding of the role of CIC in a background of IDH1/2 mutations in codeleted oligodendroglioma will significantly enhance our understanding of this disease and may pave the way for the development of more targeted therapies for this common type of glioma.
We would like to acknowledge Dr. John Kelly for cell lines, Dr. Peter Forsyth and the Calgary Brain Tumour Bank for tissues, Colleen Anderson and Susan Hui for technical assistance, Alberta Innovates Health Solutions (JAC, EES), Brain Tumour Foundation of Canada (JGC), Alberta Cancer Foundation (JGC), and the Clark Smith Family. We also acknowledge Dr. Robert Jenkins for performing mFISH on the brain tumour initiating cell lines BT054 and BT088 and sharing the data. MAM acknowledges the support of the BC Cancer Foundation, Western Economic Diversification, Genome Canada and Genome British Columbia. MAM is also grateful to Dr. Brian Thiessen, BCCA, for early conversations that helped shape the project. SY acknowledges the generous support of BrainCare BC and the BCCA Hershey & Yvette Porte Neuro-Oncology Endowment Fund. We would also like to acknowledge Maria Mendez-Lago, Diane Trinh, Kane Tse, and Thomas Zeng at the BCGSC for invaluable scientific advice and technical support.
Author contributionsJGC and MAM funded and co- directed the project, designed the study. SY planned and executed the validation experiments, performed data analysis. YSB conducted next generation sequencing (NGS) bioinformatic analysis (WGSS, exome, amplicon). JAC identified tumours and performed the histopathology and analysis, provided tumour and blood samples for NGS. MDB collected and identified tumour samples for sequencing. AK and S Young contributed additional tumour and blood samples for validation. DNL contributed additional tumour samples for validation. CC and MP assisted in collection and identification of tumour samples. OM conducted NGS bioinformatic analysis (WTSS, exome, hypermutation, CIC homology). SM conducted NGS bioinformatic analysis (WTSS). SC coordinated and led the amplicon deep sequencing and functional/proteomic validation, assembled the data. GBM coordinated and performed proteomic analysis. AN performed proteomic analysis. AJM coordinated NGS. YZ performed NGS. SJ coordinated NGS bioinformatic analysis. RC conducted NGS bioinformatic analysis (WGSS). KLM conducted NGS bioinformatic analysis (ABySS pipeline). IB, RC, EC, RD, MH, SJ, HL, JQ, NT, RV assisted in NGS bioinformatic analysis. MF and JTW performed deep amplicon sequencing and biochemical analysis. RM coordinated sequencing and NGS bioinformatic analysis. AM conducted biochemical analysis (Mass spectrometry). GR and EEE contributed clinical information and performed survival analysis. SW generated TIC lines from tumours. WW performed statistical analysis. JGC, MAM, SY, YSB, JAC, OM and SC wrote the manuscript.
PubMed Central Canada is a service of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) working in partnership with the National Research Council's national science library in cooperation with the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the U.S. National Library of Medicine(NCBI/NLM). It includes content provided to the PubMed Central International archive by participating publishers.


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How Did Brooklyn Perv Andrew Goodman Get Off With A 2-Year Prison Sentence? Seriously...How?
A Brooklyn pervert convicted of molesting a pair of brothers for years proudly declared during his sentencing hearing yesterday his unwavering love for one of his victims, a 17-year-old boy -- all as the boy sat just feet away, shaking in fear, before calling his abuser "the devil disguised as a human."
"Every second of every day, all that I think about is [you]," convicted creep Andrew Goodman reportedly said of his victim during his sentencing hearing yesterday.
Judge Martin Murphy shot back, telling Goodman that "Your statement that you made today was ill-advised, to say the least."
Only not really; Murphy's the same judge who signed off on a sweetheart, slap-on-the-wrist plea agreement for Goodman that puts the perv away for a mere two years -- despite the fact that he was charged with 48 pervert-related felonies for abusing the boys for years.
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As one of the victims pointed out during yesterdays hearing, 48 counts is more than the number of crimes with which Penn State monster Jerry Sandusky was charged. Unlike Goodman, Sandusky will die in prison.
Goodman's been behind bars since his arrest in 2010, which means he could potentially be out on the streets -- possibly cuddling up to your kids -- by September.
So, how the fuck did this happen? Your guess is as good as ours -- the Brooklyn District Attorney's Office didn't respond to our request for an explanation.
Other news outlets have let the Brooklyn D.A. off the hook, placing the blame for the ridiculous deal on the shoulders of Murphy (New York Post, we're looking in your direction). But plea deals don't exist without prosecutors (a judge can either accept or reject the deal), which means the Brooklyn D.A. had to sign off on the shitty deal -- much to the apparent dismay of the victim, who told the court that "The best thing for [Goodman] and society is if you're locked in a cage away from society - especially children."
Oh, and if you think the sentence is appropriate, and Goodman will learn his lesson in two short years (read: if you're an idiot), Goodman's neighbors have video footage of him sneaking up to 11 underage boys in and out of his 15th Street home in "predawn hours."
So, yeah -- this guy's gonna be a free man in a few months, and you can thank the Brooklyn District Attorney's Office and Judge Martin Murphy.
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I thought I was going to buy a Samsung but this TV
I thought I was going to buy a Samsung but this TV got me. It has outstanding picture colors. It has excellent contrast and deep black levels. It comes with this 2012 Magic Motion remote which is really magical because of its voice-recognition features powered by Nuance, scroll wheel for easy navigation of the Smart TV menu, motion-based command that if you'd on the other hand just like to find your recently viewed videos, you'll be able to use magic motion gestures to get to this by simply making the letter "V.
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I didn't think Suffusion could get any better, but it's becoming more and more like a quality red wine: the older it gets the better it grows.
Perhaps on the box it should say "Complex, yet smooth, mellow, full of character and nuances", though I won't go so far as to suggest 'hints of blackberry' or 'complex tannins', and I certainly wouldn't call it 'cheeky' LOL! :D But Sophisticated? OH YEAH!
I just want to thank you Sayontan, for work of such superb quality I couldn't put a price on it... so, another cup of tea, and I would make it a perfect Darjeeling. or perhaps an elegant, delicate Sencha tea. :)
Best of the best!
aka Gea Vox


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August 3, 2012
Bus C had a lovely day while getting ready for Shabbat in the South. They began by learning more about the Amidah during Shaharit. Later, on their drive to North Carolina, they stopped at Abbott's Peach Farm, to taste some scrumptious fruit. To cap off their day, they went for their last Shabbat shopping to prepare for their "Under the C" Shabbat. The Wheelniks look forward to being with their friends before spending a meaningful last Shabbat together.


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Automobile costliest transportation mode
Published: Sunday, February 19, 2006 at 4:30 a.m.
Last Modified: Sunday, February 19, 2006 at 12:00 a.m.
To The Editor: Evidently, many citizens believe the gasoline tax, license tags, fines and fees pay all expenses related to serving automobile users. That would be a good deal for the taxpayers if true, but unfortunately the initial investments and annual support of the roads and byways has taken billions of dollars from general funds.
In addition, health problems related to pollution vehicles emit compound the cost with expensive medical treatment. Add the individual's dollar contribution and you end up with a huge cost for every car mile driven. Personal transportation is a luxury beyond our means and needs as well.
The logical answer is mass transit. Certainly not a new idea; as a matter of fact, it's still prevalent in most areas of the world.
With the difficulties associated with our present sources of energy, we should be aware that conservation should be our top priority. The less fuel burned, the fewer vehicles on the road, the less cost and pollution.
Remember: Traveling 250 miles on water, 45 miles by rail and 15 minutes on a road takes the same number of bucks from your billfold. Why have we chosen the most expensive way to travel and transfer goods and supplies?
Paul Stepp
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At first sheet pans act real nice and innocent, just sitting there all metal, flat and rectangular. "Bake cookies on me," one whispers seductively. "Or me," puts in another. "We're all the same, no big deal."
Be wary of whispering sheet pans, I tell you! Not only are they a surefire sign of psychotic disassociation, but they are also notorious liars and probably trying to trick you. Luckily, FSW has long been on to their plots and we are here to share with you all you need to know about sheet pans.
There are two basic sheet pan styles, each designed for different applications.
Bun Pan
Also known as a jellyroll pan, this style of sheet pan has raised edges. Bun pans are best for baking items that need to be contained, such as sheet cakes or cookie bars.
Cookie Sheet
Cookie sheet pans either have no raised edges, or only raised edges on two sides. When baking items that do not need to be contained, cookie sheets make it easy to remove the baked goods from the sheet.
Sheet pans only have three sizes, some of which are designed for commercial use and some for residential or countertop ovens.
Full size
Full-size sheet pans measure 18″ x 26″ and are only for use in commercial ovens, as they do not fit in residential ovens.
Half size
Half-size sheet pans measure 18″ x 13″ and fit in some residential ovens, but it can be a tight squeeze.
Quarter size
Quarter-size sheet pans measure 9″ x 13″ and are typically found in residential settings, though they can also be used in small, commercial countertop ovens for small batches or specialty items.
Here is where it gets fun. The three basic sheet pan materials are aluminum, steel and aluminized steel. Choice between the three mainly relies on personal preference, but here is a breakdown in the differences between the three materials.
Steel sheet pans are very durable and can last for decades, but some chefs complain that they are not great heat conductors, leaving an uneven baking surface. These are great for prep as well as storing cold items. Steel sheet pans are also preferred by chefs who believe that cooking with aluminum is unhealthy or who need to bake acidic foods.
Learn more about whether it is safe to cook with aluminum.
Aluminum sheet pans are durable and great conductors of heat, creating an evenly-heated baking surface. However, acidic foods react with these sheet pans in such a way that added amounts of aluminum can get into the food. It is still safe to eat, but it may change the taste of food.
Aluminized Steel
Aluminized steel sheet pans are steel that has been dipped in an aluminum coating. Aluminized steel provides the best of both worlds – better conductivity than steel, and stronger durability than aluminum.
Some sheet pans come with a non-stick coating so that you do not have to use butter or shortening when baking. Non-stick pans are convenient for this reason; however, the coating does not last forever. Teflon and other non-stick coatings peel off, especially when used with metal utensils. Many chefs bake with a parchment paper lining as an alternative to Teflon, butter or shortening.
Though both aluminum and steel are durable materials, the durability of your sheet pans depends largely on the gauge. Sheet pan gauges range from 12 to 19, with 19 being the most economical option and 12 the thickest and most durable. Keep in mind that higher-gauged sheet pans will warp over time, especially if used at a very high heat.


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Index of content:
Volume 55, Issue 19, 06 November 1989
Role of thermal fluctuations in nondegenerate two‐wave mixing55(1989); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102170View Description Hide Description
The influence of thermal fluctuations on nondegenerate two‐wave mixing in the nondepleted pump approximation is examined. For the specific case of an optical Kerr medium the spectrum of both amplitude and phase fluctuations as well as the signal‐to‐noise ratio are obtained. Detailed calculations suggest that a signal‐to‐noise ratio of order unity at argon‐ion wavelengths and room temperatures requires a probe power of 15 μW in the strong signal regime.
Voltage‐controlled Q switching of InGaAs/InP single quantum well lasers55(1989); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102171View Description Hide Description
The light emission characteristics of high performance InGaAs/InP single quantum well laserdiodes with a monolithically integrated intracavity loss modulator have been investigated. We demonstrate efficient voltage‐controlled tuning of the lasing threshold current over more than one order of magnitude. In addition, active Q switching of 7 mW lasing light power with a change in electrical power of <30 μW is achieved.
Angle tuning characteristics of second‐harmonic generation in KTiOPO455(1989); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102333View Description Hide Description
The angle tuning characteristics of second‐harmonic generation in KTP were experimentally demonstrated using stimulated Raman light in a single‐mode fiber as a fundamental light source. The type II phase‐matching condition for second‐harmonic generation in the y‐z plane can be satisfied over the range 1.06 –1.85 μm by varying the incident angle in the θ direction by 29°. The acceptance angles in the θ direction for type I and type II interactions were also measured. These experimental results agreed well with the theoretical values. It is also found that the effective nonlinear coefficient for type I interaction obtained experimentally is larger than the calculated value from nonlinear coefficients of the crystal.
Wide‐bandwidth, high‐efficiency reflection modulators using an unbalanced Fabry–Perot structure55(1989); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102172View Description Hide Description
A normally‐on electroabsorptive multiple quantum well asymmetric Fabry–Perot reflection modulator with an on/off ratio of 22, insertion loss of 3.7 dB, and optical bandwidth of 3.4 nm for a voltage swing of 11 V has been measured. The trade‐off between low insertion loss and high contrast in such devices will be discussed in the present letter and is shown to be due to the relative placement in wavelength between the Fabry–Perot resonant mode and the heavy hole exciton position in the multiple quantum well active region.
Diffraction‐limited operation from monolithically integrated diode laser array and self‐imaging (Talbot) cavity55(1989); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102153View Description Hide Description
The monolithic integration of a linear array and a separately pumped self‐imaging Talbot cavity has resulted in diffraction‐limited single‐lobe output beams to output powers in excess of 100 mW/facet. A study was made of the device operation as a function of the drive currents applied to the array region and the Talbot cavity.
High‐efficiency and narrow‐linewidth operation of a two‐crystal β‐BaB2O4 optical parametric oscillator55(1989); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102334View Description Hide Description
We report a novel, two‐crystal, walkoff‐compensated optical parametric oscillator design using β‐BaB2O4, which significantly improves the performance of the device. The oscillator is pumped at 354.7 nm and is tunable throughout 0.42–2.3 μm with overall conversion efficiencies as high as 32%. We also report on demonstration of linewidth narrowing in the same β‐BaB2O4oscillator, obtaining linewidths as narrow as 0.3 Å.
Optical reflectivity measurements using a laser plasma light source55(1989); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102335View Description Hide Description
Light produced by a laser plasma light source (LPLS) is used to perform optical reflectivitymeasurements on single crystals from 5 to 40 eV in a single experiment. The intense continuum generated by the rare‐earth plasma allows a significantly higher resolution above 15 eV and extends the measurements to higher energies than those attainable with other laboratory based light sources. This is the first application of a LPLS to vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy of solids and we demonstrate this capability on two insulating materials, α‐Al2O3 and MgAl2O4.
Lateral interface mixing in GaAs quantum well wire arrays55(1989); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102154View Description Hide Description
GaAs quantum wellwires with an (AlGaAs)1 / 2(GaAs)1 / 2 fractional‐layer superlattice(FLS) are fabricated on slightly misoriented (001)GaAs substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition.Transmission electron microscopeimages show clear contrast for the GaAs quantum wire array, although the lateral heterojunctioninterface is a little diffusive. Photoluminescences are measured for a quantum wellwire array having both FLS and GaAs layers as the well region. From a comparison of measured and calculated photoluminescence energies, the thickness of the lateral interfacemixing layer is estimated to be 1–2 nm.
Universal energy dependence of physical and ion‐enhanced chemical etch yields at low ion energy55(1989); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102336View Description Hide Description
Physical and ion‐enhanced chemical etch yields are shown to be a linear function of the square root of the ion energy down to the etching threshold for self‐sputtering of metals, sputtering of metals by noble gas ions, sputtering of Si and SiO2 by noble gas and reactive ions, and ion beam enhanced chemical etching of Si. The threshold energy must be taken into account for a quantitative description of etch yields even at intermediate ion energies. The relationship between the dependence of etch yields on ion energy and incident angle is also discussed.
Sequential surface chemical reaction limited growth of high quality Al2O3 dielectrics55(1989); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102337View Description Hide Description
Sequential surface reactions of trimethylaluminum and water vapor have been used to deposit Al2O3 on Si(100) surfaces. The self‐limiting nature of the surface reactions allows precise control of the thickness of the deposited layers and gives rise to films with highly conformal step coverage. High quality dielectrics have been deposited at temperatures as low as 100 °C. Resistivities of 1017 Ω cm, breakdown strengths of 8×106 V/cm, and interface‐state densities of 101 1 states/eV cm2 have already been achieved and they suggest possible applications as a gate insulator or a dielectric passivation layer.
Monolithic integration of a thin and short metal‐semiconductor‐metal photodetector with a GaAlAs optical inverted rib waveguide on a GaAs semi‐insulating substrate55(1989); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102134View Description Hide Description
The first fabrication of a thin and short GaAs metal‐semiconductor‐metal photodetector monolithically integrated with a GaAlAs optical inverted rib waveguide on a semi‐insulating GaAs substrate is reported. An only 0.2‐μm‐thick and 100‐μm‐long GaAs absorbing layer is needed to detect 90% of the optical signal at 0.85 μm wavelength. Static, dynamic, and noise measurements have been performed and a bandwidth in excess of 15 GHz is obtained.
Low‐frequency noise measurements on AlGaAs/GaAs resonant tunnel diodes55(1989); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102135View Description Hide Description
An experimental apparatus and procedure using noise measurement techniques in order to identify conduction mechanisms in resonant tunnel diodes (RTDs) due to defect‐assisted tunneling is developed. The theory of noise measurements is discussed as the basis for the appropriate modeling of RTD noise data. Nonlinear and linear algorithms are developed to model these data and simulation test results are presented. Equipment target specifications are outlined and a functional equipment setup and procedure are also discussed. Sample results of a RTD noise measurement and of a determination of activation energy and capture cross section are presented.
Contrast phenomena of band‐band and deep level photoluminescence topographs in annealed semi‐insulating GaAs55(1989); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102136View Description Hide Description
The effect of wafer annealing on radiative recombination is studied by high‐resolution photoluminescence imaging at room temperature. After long‐time annealing (920 °C for 7 h) remarkable changes of photoluminescence contrast are observed for the EL2‐related as well as for the band‐band emission. The EL2‐related emission at 0.68 eV becomes spatially homogeneous whereas the band‐band recombination shows a complete contrast reversal as compared to the as‐grown condition. It is concluded that after annealing the carrier lifetime is determined by recombination at the EL2 level. In as‐grown material the existence of an additional trap is postulated which is spatially anticorrelated with EL2 and leads to a dominating nonradiative recombination path.
Effect of ultraviolet irradiation on the white light degraded electronic properties of hydrogenated amorphous silicon films55(1989); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102137View Description Hide Description
The electronic properties of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H) thin films are known to undergo metastable light‐induced changes that can be reversed by annealing at elevated temperatures. We have observed for the first time that annealing of the light‐induced changes in the dark conductivity and photoconductivity of a‐Si:H thin films can also be achieved by ultraviolet (UV)irradiation (wavelength ∼254 nm) of the films at room temperature. It has been shown that the bulk photoconductivity changes in spite of the fact that UV radiation is mostly absorbed near the top surface of the films. A simple explanation of the observed phenomena has been proposed involving a nonequilibrium distribution of phonons generated by absorption of high‐energy photons in the material.
Thermal stability of Si/Si1−x Ge x /Si heterojunction bipolar transistor structures grown by limited reaction processing55(1989); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102138View Description Hide Description
The thermal stability of Si/500‐Å‐thick Si0.77Ge0.23 bilayers grown on Si by limited reaction processing is studied as a function of Si capping layer thickness. After annealing for 4 min at 850 °C, misfit dislocation spacings increase monotonically with cap thickness from 0.5 μm for an uncapped film to greater than 50 μm for a layer with a 500‐Å‐thick cap. Thus, an epitaxial Si cap of sufficient thickness prevents significant misfit dislocation formation during this anneal. Experimental observations are reported which indicate that the Si cap enhances thermal stability by inhibiting both dislocation nucleation and propagation. These results are very encouraging since they suggest that high‐temperature processing of Si/Si1−x Ge x device structures may be possible without significant misfit dislocation formation.
InGaP orange light‐emitting diodes on Si substrates55(1989); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102139View Description Hide Description
InGaP light‐emitting diodes(LEDs) that operate in the 600 nm region were fabricated on Si substrates using GaAsP/GaAs buffer layers. InGaP layers were grown by metalorganic‐chloride vapor phase epitaxy, and GaAs and GaAsP buffer layers were grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy at atmospheric pressure. An orange color emission was observed under room light at 20 mA dc injection. No degradation was observed in LEDcharacteristics after 2000 h operation at an injection current of 500 A/cm2 despite the high dislocation density of 108 cm− 2.
Relaxation and recovery of highly strained InGaAs/GaAs quantum wells55(1989); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102140View Description Hide Description
The growth of In0.4Ga0.6As on GaAs has been studied with a novel multiquantum well technique which amplifies the sensitivity of reflection high‐energy electron diffraction and x‐ray diffraction sufficiently to determine the quantum well critical thicknesses for very thin layers. The relaxation and recovery of the overlayer for growth between the single heterostructure and quantum well critical were measured and compared with theory.
Model of growth of single‐domain GaAs layers on double‐domain Si substrates by molecular beam epitaxy55(1989); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102141View Description Hide Description
Growth of single‐domain GaAs (100) layers on double‐domain Si (100) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy has been investigated. It has been shown that domain orientation of the top layer of GaAs depends on the surface structure of a buffer layer. The size of atomic step heights on the Si surface and the As‐Si interaction temperature before film growth are not important factors in controlling domain orientation. Suppression of an antiphase disorder is explained in terms of nonstoichiometric antiphase boundary annihilation operative during growth.
Diffusion of implanted beryllium in n‐ and p‐type GaAs55(1989); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102142View Description Hide Description
The diffusion of ion‐implanted Be in GaAs is studied by comparing the diffusion of implanted Be in undoped GaAs and in GaAs uniformly doped with Zn or Si. The Si‐doped sample exhibits much less Be diffusion compared to the undoped case, while the Zn‐doped sample shows much more Be diffusion. The diffusion in the doped substrate cases can be simulated with a constant Be diffusivity, as opposed to a concentration‐dependent diffusivity in the undoped case. The results are consistent with the substitutional‐interstitial diffusion mechanism, which predicts a diffusivity that is dependent on the net hole concentration.
Dislocation‐accelerated impurity‐induced layer disordering of Al x Ga1−x As‐GaAs quantum well heterostructures grown on GaAs‐on‐Si55(1989); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102143View Description Hide Description
Data are presented showing that dislocations and Si autodiffusion promote accelerated layer disordering of Al x Ga1−x As‐GaAs quantum wellheterostructures grown on GaAs‐on‐Si ''substrates'' via metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The accelerated impurity‐induced layer disordering is more extreme at higher temperatures (>800 °C) and virtually nonexistent at lower temperatures (≲775 °C).


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Business consultant M. Ray Perryman, whose weekly newspaper column, "The Economist," is published Tuesdays in the Amarillo Daily News, will be in Amarillo for the 16th Annual Economic Outlook Conference beginning at 11:45 a.m. Jan. 18 at the Amarillo Botanical Gardens, 1200 Streit Drive.
The Amarillo Chamber of Commerce and the First National Bank of Amarillo are sponsoring Perryman's appearance.
Perryman and his Waco-based economic development consultant company produce "The Perryman Economic Forecast" and "The Perryman Report" newsletters, and other economic, social and political reports. Perryman also hosts a radio commentary on economic affairs.
"Perryman's newsletters - forecasts and insight into state, national and international economic activity - are valued by many across the nation and world," said Jim Henson, chamber vice president of Business Development and Governmental Affairs.
Books written by Perryman include, "Survive & Conquer," an account of the Texas economy during the turbulent 1980s, and "The Measurement of Monetary Policy," a look at the Federal Reserve.
The conference, including lunch and material, costs $10 per person.
Reservations are required; call Sylvia Frisbie at 373-7800.
Amarillo Globe-News © 2016. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Service | Privacy Policy / About Our Ads


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I have installed plugin and set it up, but when I publish a new post, what is displayed in the widget does not update. If I go into the widget are and just "Save" the widget again, the new post will show.
The same applies to any changes that might have been made to existing posts. The updates do not show in the widget area unless I go save it again.


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I've scoured the help boards and considering I'm new to WordPress themeing I'm finding it difficult to display the product information where I need it.
I've defined custom attributes and I require them to be displayed and also link back to a filtered category landing page.
Ex. pa_Artist lists the Artist associated with the individual product and links to other products that are under that category.
I can output the categories that the product falls under, but I need to display the custom attribute in the same way, but I seem unable to.
Haven't found anything that simply explains how to display this in the WP codex nor the Woocommerce codebase. If there's someone out there who can give me an example I'd greatly appreciate it.


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A few probs Im having with setup.
I have added a text area, and add photo to the personal fundraiser fields and saved.
However, they do not appear anywhere when I try to create a fundraiser or view one or edit.
I've read other posts saying I then have to add the shortcode to each fundraiser.
Does this then mean I have to do this for every one created?
Is there a way to add these fields 'in general' to appear on all fundraisers that Im missing?
Also for displaying fundrasiers...
on menu - it lists each fundraiser individually. I don't want a separate menu link to each and every fundraiser... Can I add them to a page like a portfolio? Or in categories?
Or can I display a featured pic thumb for each fundraiser created somewhere instead of a text link by using /give ?
Thanks for the great work :-)


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Release Date:
October 1, 1993
Date Published:
October 1, 1993
A tragic, spiritual portrait of a perfect English butler and his reaction to his fading insular world in post-war England. A wonderful, wonderful book.
Kazuo Ishiguro's subtly observed third novel (1989) tells the story of a butler named Stevens. Over the years, as Stevens has perfected the art of self-effacement and complete submission to the needs of Lord Darlington, his aristocratic employer, he has managed to ignore the fact that Darlington was a prominent ****** sympathizer. Now, in the rapidly changing world of post-World War II England in which the class system is in decline and Stevens has outlived his usefulness, he begins to understand that his obtuseness has blinded him not only to the real nature of his employer but (as he prepares for an unprecedented visit to Mrs. Kenton, the now retired housekeeper) to the workings of his own heart. The overarching themes of the novel are those that Ishiguro has grappled with in many of his books: self-deception, the past's influence on the present, and the essential loneliness of struggling humanity. THE REMAINS OF THE DAY won the Booker Prize and was made into a well-received film directed by Ang Lee and starring Anthony Hopkins as the repressed and lonely Stevens.
Genre: Fiction + Literature Themes, Juvenile Fiction, Fiction + Literature Genres
Sub-Genre: Literary
- Genre: Fiction + Literature Genres, Juvenile Fiction, Fiction + Literature Themes
- Subgenre: Literary
- Publisher: Vintage Books
- Pages: 245
- Edition: Media Tie In, Reprint
- Language: English
- Release Date: October 1, 1993
- Author: Kazuo Ishiguro
- The Man Booker Prize , Fiction , 1989
other Info.
- Online Item #: 11527005
- Store Item Number (DPCI): 248-07-2725
- Item can be gift wrapped.
- Made in the USA or Imported


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Photos: Gardens
Butterfly In The Summer
Winter Berries
Close up of a Holly bush taken in my garden. View Photo »
Frozen Berries In The Snow
Frozen Berries in thr Snow View Photo »
Maple Leaf
A Maple Leaf rests on a moss covered stone. View Photo »
Bridge Of Flowers
Located in quaint Shelburne Falls MA, this is a reflective image of the famous Bridge of Flowers. View Photo »
The Great Pumpkin
In front of the Anchorage Hotel, in Ogunquit, Maine where these huge, beautiful scenes. View Photo »
A City Garden
Fall Blooms
Flowers that were blooming in one of my gardens. View Photo »
Butterfly Place View Photo »
Snowberry Clearwing Hummingbird Moth
A Snowberry Clearwing Hummingbird Moth eating at Kingwood Center View Photo »
The Red Flower
Taken at Topsmead State Forrest View Photo »
Vermont 2010
Garden at Van Trapp Family Lodge in Vermont View Photo »
Vermont 2010
Garden at Van Trapp Family Lodge in Vermont View Photo »
Fall Reflection
Reflections on a beautiful pond View Photo »
Sweet Pink Dahlia
I love this pink dahlia found at the Tower Hill Botanic Garden with its subtle purple and yellow... View Photo »
Perfect Sunflower
Had to take a picture of our sunflowers before Earl messed everything up. (they did survive). View Photo »
Sitting on my deck one morning this summer this bumble bee was having his breakfast. View Photo »
Sweet Potatoe Blossom
Picture taken of Potatoe blossom and vine growing in window box on my deck railing View Photo »
Daiseys And Bubbles
Bubbles in my garden View Photo »
Garden Ball
Reflections in the garden View Photo »
Garden Spider
My garden spider, Charlotte View Photo »
Fairy Festival
Young child dances in time with the swaying of the flowers at the 2010 Fairy Festival at the... View Photo »
In The Greenhouse
A large frog enjoying the water garden inside the Smith College greenhouse. View Photo »
Enjoying The Roses In West Hartford
The only way to enjoy roses is to stick your nose into them! Taken at Elizabeth Garden in... View Photo »
Waiting For The Snow
My friends, who are avid skiers, purchased an old chairlift, bronzed it and made it into a... View Photo »
The Wrath Of Abandonment
Grape vine left unattended in deserted house. View Photo »


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While it didn't end with a victory, Borgia boys volleyball Head Coach John Nieder saw positives in Tuesday's 25-11, 25-21 opening loss to Bishop DuBourg, last year's Class 3 state runner-up.
"It was a tough draw for the first match of the year to play a good team like DuBourg," Nieder said. "They just came off a three-game loss to Ft. Zumwalt South last night, last year's Class 3 state champion, so we knew they were going to be a team to reckon with and give us a chance to see where we stand at this point."
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"The expected ship date was much farther away than when I actually received the product. They were so fast; I was impressed! The cards are great quality and the picture looks beautiful on the card. I will definitely be ordering my next cards with them."
"I love Tiny Prints. There are so many wonderful designs to choose from and the quality is outstanding. This is the second year I have sent Tiny Prints cards for Christmas and I've been told my card is the best they've seen."
"It was so nice to find a Christmas and a we have moved all in one! So happy to get both done with one card! Great idea to incorporate both. Saved on postage! Thanks so much!"
"We love how we can play with this format and add our own details, font and pictures. So happy with the quality and customer service was so helpful."
"The card was a THANK YOU sent to folks who contributed to a fund raising walk for a fatal disease. My friend, who suffers from this disease, was pictured on the front with her husband. The card captured her positive spirit and in a bright color which matched the t-shirts color for our team, the words THANK YOU, were written. A personal message from me was on the back. I heard rave reviews from those who received them and many said they would frame the card."


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Co-Sourcing Improves Pharmaceutical Laboratory Productivity
Loss of Lives in Clinical Trials...
Clinical-Style Validation, Regulation, and Quality Control...
Keep the Opportunities, Lose the Opportunists
DxS and Epigenomics signed a technology cross-licensing agreement, which means both companies can now develop and commercialize DNA methylation-based in vitro diagnostics (IVD) utilizing DxS' real-time PCR technology, Scorpions®. The companies will also be able to sublicense the products licensed from the other party.The new deal results from a license and option agreement signed in January 2008. The original arrangement gave Epigenomics nonexclusive rights to use the Scorpions technology for R&D of research kits and an option to expand the license to the IVD field. It also gave DxS an option for a worldwide nonexclusive research and IVD license to specific Epigenomics IP covering the use of Scorpions technology for DNA methylation applications. Licensing the Scorpions technology for IVD use complements the Epigenomics' technology portfolio for DNA methylation analysis, notes Geert Nygaard, CEO. "This expands our freedom to operate and gives us maximum flexibility in the final product design and testing platforms for cancer molecular diagnostic products directly commercialized by ourselves as well as by our partners."
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MDMA (commonly known as the empathogen "ecstasy") is classified as a Schedule 1 drug, which is reserved for compounds with no accepted medical use and a high abuse potential. Two researchers from Stanford, however, call for a rigorous scientific exploration of MDMA's effects to identify precisely how the drug works, the data from which could be used to develop therapeutic compounds.Do you agree that ecstasy should be studied for its potential therapeutic benefits?
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Picturehouse Picks Up Adam Wingard's 'The Guest'
Posted on Friday, March 7th, 2014 by Germain Lussier
The genre-bending '80s-influenced action film The Guest will hit theaters this fall. Picturehouse has picked up rights to distribute the Sundance hit, directed by Adam Wingard, written by Simon Barrett and starring Downton Abbey's Dan Stevens. You can read our full review from Sundance here and the full press release below. Read More »


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As part of the Underground Christmas Party, a happening taking place at the Royal Albert Hall in London, John Lennon and Yoko Ono appeared onstage inside a large white bag. Read more »
John Lennon and Yoko Ono are interviewed for Dutch television
John Lennon and Yoko Ono gave a lengthy interview on this day to the Dutch television show Rood Wit Blauw (Red White Blue). Read more »
John Lennon and Yoko Ono are interviewed for BBC radio's Night Ride
Early in the morning of 12 December 1968, following their performances in The Rolling Stones' Rock And Roll Circus, John Lennon and Yoko Ono gave an interview to the BBC radio show Night Ride.
The show was presented by John Peel, and went out live from the BBC's Broadcasting House in central London from 12.05-2am on BBC Radio 1 and 2. The interview was in the first half of the show.
Night Ride also featured performances from folk musicians John Martyn, Harold McNair, Jacquie McShee and John Renbourn, and poet Christopher Logue was another guest.
Lennon and Ono discussed Two Virgins, and Peel played an extract lasting 3'41". The couple also mentioned the Alchemical Wedding, an event which they took part in on 18 December.
Lennon discussed his first guitar, and his plans for a photo book of the You Are Here exhibition he and Ono had recently staged. He spoke about the Rock And Roll Circus, sang a version of It's Now Or Never, and recited his poems Jock And Yono and Once Upon A Pool Table, introducing them as A Piece Of Paper Called Charles.
Towards the end of the interview Ono discussed their film projects, mentioning the screenings of Smile and Two Virgins at the Chicago Film Festival.
After the interview Lennon and Ono returned to Wembley to see The Rolling Stones' performance for their television special.
John Lennon appears in The Rolling Stones' Rock And Roll Circus
On this day John Lennon and Yoko Ono were among guests performing on The Rolling Stones' television spectacular, Rock And Roll Circus. Read more »
John Lennon rehearses for The Rolling Stones' Rock And Roll Circus
The Rolling Stones, always keen to keep up with The Beatles, wanted a television special to rival Magical Mystery Tour. Rock And Roll Circus was their version, intended to mix music with performers hired from Sir Robert Fossett's Circus. Read more »
George Harrison invites Hells Angels to Apple
On this day George Harrison circulated a memo at Apple to tell staff that he had invited a group of Hells Angels from California to stay at 3 Savile Row. Read more »
US album release: Wonderwall Music by George Harrison
Following its UK release on 1 November, George Harrison's first solo LP, Wonderwall Music (Original Soundtrack Album), was released in the United States. Read more »