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The Children's University™ is a national organisation that provides 5 to 14 year olds with exciting and innovative learning activities and experiences outside normal school hours.
Children are given their own 'Passport to Learning' in which they are encouraged to collect hours of learning towards nationally recognised awards for 30, 65 and 100 hours of learning.
The project is an exciting and innovative locally delivered programme of high quality learning opportunities for young children across the District. The focus is on rewarding participation, raising aspirations and encouraging engagement with learning.
Sam Wright
Wakefield College Principal
New to Wakefield! The Children's University™ is a national organisation aimed at children and young people aged 5-14, across key stages 1, 2 and 3. It is an exciting and innovative locally delivered programme of high quality learning opportunities for all Wakefield schools. Learning takes place outside school hours at weekends, lunchtimes, after school and in the holidays.
How does it work?
Children are given their own 'Passport to Learning' in which they are encouraged to collect hours of learning towards nationally recognised awards for 30, 65 and 100 hours of learning.
Children own a 'Passport to Learning' and collect stamps for each hour of participation from validated 'Learning Destinations'.
Learning Destinations are after-school clubs, community groups, youth clubs, and other local and national venues such as museums, galleries, wildlife parks, even the Houses of Parliament.
The first award starts with the bronze certificate at the Undergraduate level of 30 hours of validated learning. There are progressive steps which require both greater levels of challenge and a broader range of activities.
There are also two Honorary Recognition awards at a national level. Children's University™ can be offered to the whole school or target year groups, vulnerable, under-achieving or more able groups.
When children accumulate enough hours to achieve an award, they will be invited to graduate at an annual ceremony. Wearing a 'cap and gown', they will receive their certificate and have their photograph taken - just like a real graduation.
At Lee Brigg Infant School we are very pleased and proud to be the first school to sign up to the Children's University in Wakefield. Our children now have the opportunity to take part in a whole variety of fun activities that will aid their learning and raise their aspirations for the future.
Alison Bardsley
Head Teacher
Lee Brigg Infant School
Schools in the Wakefield district already offer an amazing range of opportunities for out of school hours learning through lunchtime and after-school clubs.
The Wakefield Children's University™ works with schools to validate their existing provision to ensure that children are rewarded for their voluntary learning.
In addition to 'Restricted' Learning Destinations (e.g. after school clubs available only for members of that school) we are working with partners to develop exciting learning opportunities at Open Learning Destinations so that children can start to broaden their knowledge and immediately collecting stamps for their Passport to Learning.
Any child aged 5 - 14 years can participate in Children's University™ activities.
Using the 'Planning for Learning - A National Framework for Validating Learning' document, devised with the support of Professor John MacBeath of the University of Cambridge, we work with schools and learning destinations through a process of self-evaluation, to ensure that the highest quality of learning is provided in all Children's University™ learning activities, whether delivered in schools or by partner organisations in the community.
What's the benefit to my school?
So get your school involved today. Have a look at our start up guide for schools or call James Pennington or Kayleigh Moore on 01924 789746 to arrange a meeting and discuss how you can get your young people involved! You can also check out our Facebook and Twitter pages.
Download the Children's University Start Up Guide for Schools 2015/16.
Learning is at the heart of what we do at the gallery and we are proud to be the first learning destination to sign up to support the Children's University and inspire children and their families through art and culture.
Natalie Walton
Head of Learning at The Hepworth Wakefield
If you are aged 5 - 14 years and want to be a member of the Wakefield Children's University - then you've come to the right place!
It is easy to become a member, you can either do this through your school, or if your school is not currently involved with the Wakefield Children's University, you can get an individual membership.
We aim to make sure that all of our learning destinations offer exciting and fun learning experiences and we also want this to be YOUR Children's University - so if you attend a club or group where you are learning something new – tell us and we will try and get it validated so that you can get another stamp in your passport!!
What is the Children's University?
The Children's University provides all children aged 5 - 14 years with the opportunity to take part in exciting and creative learning activities outside of the normal school day. The activities can be before or after school, at weekends and during the school holidays.
Where can I get a Passport to Learning and how much does it cost?
At your school or by contacting the Wakefield Children's University. If your school is a Children's University member, a passport costs £3. If your school is not part of the Children's University and you are wanting to become an Individual member, the membership cost is £20, which includes a passport.
What if my school is not involved?
You can become an individual member of the Wakefield Children's University. For more information please contact us at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Where can I use it?
If your schools offers Children's University learning you will be able to collect stamps in your Passport to Learning at the clubs and activities you attend.
As well as at your school, you can use your Passport at tourist/visitor attractions in and around Wakefield and at clubs and societies that have been validated.
All our partner Learning destinations are listed on the 'Learning Destinations and Activities' page. If you're going on holiday or visiting another town for the day, you might also be able to collect stamps in your Passport to Learning.
What happens if I lose my Passport to Learning?
All the Passports to Learning have a sticker in the back asking that if somebody finds it they return it to the Wakefield Children's University.
If it is returned, we'll make sure it gets returned to you. If your Passport isn't returned to us, unfortunately you'll have to buy a new one.
I am delighted the College is bringing so many key stakeholders together for the mutual benefit of our school children.
Sam Wright
Wakefield College Principal
Learning Destinations are places and organisations to which children can 'travel' with their 'Passport to Learning'. They provide high quality learning opportunities and experiences, and have passed the Children's University quality assurance process.
Learning Destination can range from a museum to a farm or from an airport to a university, as long as the learning activity is linked to something that can be studied at an adult university.
Learning Destinations display the Children's University logo so that it is clearly visible to children who may want to use their Passport to Learning. At a Learning Destination, Children's University students can get their Passport to Learning stamped which helps to accumulate hours needed for the award of National Certificates and ultimately a graduation ceremony.
There are two types of Learning Destination:
Public Learning Destinations are places which provide Children's University validated learning activities and which are publicly accessible, such as museums, wildlife centres, castles, zoos, sport venues/centres, libraries, theatres etc.
Restricted Learning Destinations are places that are not publicly accessible, such as schools and clubs, guide and scout groups, which require membership.
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29 June, 2016
Children from across the Wakefield District, some as young as five, donned caps and gowns last week as they took part in the annual Wakefield Children's University (CU) Graduation Ceremony in the grand surroundings of Wakefield Theatre Royal.
26 May, 2016
Wakefield Children's University will be hosting a free family event at the College's Castleford Campus on Tuesday 31 May, 10am-2pm. Visitors can take part in a host of sporting and cultural activities and come face to face with reptiles and birds of prey.
26 April, 2016
Scientist and mathematicians of the future got a taste of science in action this week when they visited Wakefield College to take part in a range of exciting taster sessions to mark National Science Week.
24 July, 2015
Last week saw the 3rd annual Graduation ceremony for Wakefield's Children's University with over 130 children graduating. The programme is led by Wakefield College with Principal and Children's University Chancellor, Sam Wright, presenting the children with their awards in the ceremony. Schools attending were: St Michaels Academy; Normanton All Saints Infant School; Wakefield Girls High Junior School; Wheldon Infant School, Glasshoughton Infant Academy; South Hiendley Junior & Infant School; St Helens CE Primary School, Hemsworth; Ryhill Junior & Infant School and Hemsworth Academy.
13 March, 2014
Children's University is delighted to be developing an exciting partnership with Halfords to validate their in-store Bike Club activity in selected stores. We want to make sure we get it right for everyone involved and are proposing a pilot in the stores listed below on three Wednesdays in April: 9th, 16th and 23rd.
13 December, 2013
Staff and students at Wakefield College were in celebratory mood today after they were shortlisted for a prestigious education award. The College is in the running for a Times Educational Supplement (TES) FE Award for its contribution to the local community...
26 June, 2013
Children from across the Wakefield District, some as young as five, will don caps and gowns this week as they take part in the first ever Wakefield Children's University (CU) Graduation Ceremony on Wednesday 26 June in the grand surroundings of Wakefield Theatre Royal...
26 June, 2013
Children from across the Wakefield District, some as young as five, will don caps and gowns this week as they take part in the first ever Wakefield Children's University (CU) Graduation Ceremony on Wednesday 26 June in the grand surroundings of Wakefield Theatre Royal....
22 April, 2013
Wakefield Children's University took over a unit at the Ridings Shopping Centre last week and welcomed over 100 visitors. The Children's University pop-up shop saw pupils take part in a number of interactive activities including darts, golf, healthy food demos and karate...
22 April, 2013
Wakefield Children's University took over a unit at the Ridings Shopping Centre last week and welcomed over 100 visitors. The Children's University pop-up shop saw pupils take part in a number of interactive activities including darts, golf, healthy food demos and karate...
04 October, 2012
Wakefield Children's University reached a significant landmark this week as 9 year old Grace Banks became 2000th member. Grace, a pupil at Havercroft Junior & Infant School, has benefitted from the school becoming involved in the exciting initiative which provides learning opportunities for 5-14 year olds outside traditional school hours...
02 July, 2012
Young children from across the District are being urged to take part in an exciting new venture which is already benefitting the learning needs of over 2000 children. Wakefield Childrens' University, spearheaded by Wakefield College in conjunction with a number of partners, is part of a national organisation aimed at providing exciting out-of-school activities for 5 - 14 year olds...


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SEJournal is included with membership. For those not eligible for membership, you can purchase a subscription that includes discounts to SEJ's annual conferences.
Mapping Tool Allows New Way To Cover EPA Enforcement Actions
With data on ~4,600 civil and criminal enforcement actions in fiscal year 2009, you can determine trends by state and EPA Region for type and extent of enforcement; track down enforcement actions in areas of interest to your audience; and serve as a starting point for stories that are seemingly unrelated to an enforcement action.

subset: commoncrawl


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Hotel Carlos I Silgar
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Day 24 who knows where
As soon as we awoke this morning I jumped in She's rucksack, snuggled up for the day. I could hear them two cussing as they paddled on muddy paths and roads with lorries soaking them through. 12 miserable kilometres crawled like bedraggled rats into a pension, all I can say is it is dry, everything including me is sopping wet. Three pathetic ...
The high point of Vigo
A brisk walk took us to the high point of Vigo. The Castro complex at the top of the hill overlooking the Ria de Vigo.
The views are great and you can imagine the great sea battles of yesteryear with canon balls being shot at the galleons below.
There is also the remains of where ...
Day 23 Padron
... Jimmy suddenly got energetic, either the Mexican compliments or overdose of ibuprofen and set off at an alarming pace. Me and She meandered along, playing with the Salamanders and picking conkers, the usual madness. With every intention of having a short walk we found nothing open until Padron, where we booked in a 3:30 foot sore and weary not to mention sopping ...
Day trip to A Guarda
A Guarda
On the way to the bus station, the heavens opened and Galician rain fell. When it rains in Galicia, it really rains! I was wearing a rain jacket but my legs were soon saturated.
At the bus station, there was a little shop selling trousers and jeans for €5 and so I quickly tried on a pair and bought them as a spare in case I get caught out for a third time in Vigo.
Time to move on
... and will be staying there a few days - there is a Sea Festival on this weekend in Combarro so they should have a great time. We reached Bayonna around 3.30pm and we are staying for a few days due to the weather so we can hopefully get the Transducer fitted and the Rigging tightened slightly. After dinner we ventured into the busy town where there are yet more festivals on but with it being our first night we retired early. Tomorrow I will try and organise repairs then visit ...


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Athlete of the Week - Brandon Carnes
- WWSB ABC 7 Tampa, FL
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Athlete of the Week - Brandon Carnes
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Weekend Event ~ Life Inside ~ Patrick Painter Gallery ~ Melrose
2 Responses to "Weekend Event ~ Life Inside ~ Patrick Painter Gallery ~ Melrose"
Good luck on the show John!!
From a fellow Canuck!! We are proud of you man!
Come on out tomorrow night and support my friend and yours John Jarasa as he curates his Life Inside show at the Patrick Painter Gallery on Melrose in Hollywood. The reception is from 6-8pm. Be there!
~ by jaebueno on July 25, 2008.
Posted in Events, LA, Los Angeles, Photography
Tags: adrian nieto, bighouse clothing, edgar hoill, Heavy Hitters Magazine, hollywood, jae bueno, jaebueno.com, melrose, OG Abel, patrick painter, Photography
Good luck on the show John!!
From a fellow Canuck!! We are proud of you man!
PURO said this on July 25, 2008 at 8:26 am | Reply
That flick by John Jarasa is AMAZING!!! Wow.
Howard said this on July 28, 2008 at 7:02 am | Reply
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I have the f8 static theme. I would like to change the "Home" button in the menu to another name, for example 'About me'. How do I do that?
I have been trying to search through the code myself and when I couldn't figure it out I searched the forums.. but no luck. Can anyone help me with this?
Thank you!


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Swimming to fight diabetes in Emmaus
Carly Lenett, 8, of Lower Macungie Township has type 1 diabetes and in an effort to raise money for the American Diabetes Association she swam 110 laps along side Olympic silver medalist Kristy Kowal (not pictured) at the Emmaus High School Pool on Sunday afternoon. Her goal is to raise $10,000. There was also a swimming clinic that was held that Kowal took part in.EMILY ROBSON / THE MORNING CALL


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Science More Data for the Great Slog Pit Bull Debate, '08
posted by June 19 at 17:42 PMon
I put this figure together, based on data from a May 1997 MMWR.
Undeniably, more people have been killed by "pit bull" breeds, or dogs with some "pit bull" mixture, than any other breed. This does not prove the breed is bad. Fatality is a combination of a whole variety of factors—age of the victim, size of the dog, the training of the dog and the breed.
Also of note? Nearly two-thirds of fatal attacks involve unrestrained dogs, at the owners house or running wild in the streets.
Fatalities from dog attacks are very, very rare. Vastly more people are bitten by dogs each year, often with enough injury to require medical treatment. It's much easier to study what leads to a dog bite, accounting for breed, training and so on. A 1994 study in the journal Pediatrics did just that. The money table:
(Click for a larger version.)
"Pit bulls" aren't included in this study. This study is based on data from Denver, where pit bulls were already banned.
If the matched odds ratio 95% confidence interval is entirely below 1.0, this factor makes a bite less likely to happen. If the interval is completely above 1.0, this factor increases the risk of a bite. If it spans 1.0, the factor doesn't necessarily increase or decrease the risk of a bite.
Big factors increasing the risk of a bite? Breed. Male dogs. Non-neutered dogs. Big dogs (> 50 pounds). Young dogs (<5 years old). Dogs chained in yards. Dogs that don't get regular rabies vaccines. Having a child in the house. The owner not bothering to license the dog in the past year.
Reducing the risk? Dog that were ever disciplined by a takedown (holding a dog to the ground, on its back, while holding its neck) or stringup (lifting a dog by its neck chain). That's it.
Training and discipline didn't seem to significantly reduce the risk of biting, at least in this study.
Have at it!


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Definition of moon roof in English:
moon roof
Another term for sunroof.
Example sentences
- Then, she saw three people pop up out of the moon roof.
- There was a long navy blue limo outside and Nick was sitting on the roof, his feet dangling inside through the moon roof, holding out a rose.
- Wind rushed into the car through the moon roof of her car, and it played happily with her free flowing hair.
For editors and proofreaders
Line breaks: moon roof
Definition of moon roof in:
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= trending


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Established: 2002
Size 250 acres
Located in South Central New Providence, Harrold and Wilson Ponds encompasses 250 Acres. More than 100 avian species , including the island's highest concentration of herons, egrets, ibises and cormorants have been identified there, providing confirmation that the area is indispensable habitat for bird life in New Providence. An exceptional educational and eco-tourism site, a stone's throw from the nation's capital and tourism hub, these areas are an invaluable addition to the country's national park system.
Links to the Image Gallery will be provided here
Links to the Video Gallery will be provided here
Links to the Documents available for download will be provided here


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I have recently been diagnosed with BV. I have been prescribed metronidazole, which i just started taking. My period is 10 days late today, after 2 negative pregnancy tests. Can one affect the other? I have been stressed this month, so that is also a consideration. Any help is greatly appreciated...
What are the chances of the HPTs being wrong?
No, and actually buy Clarina online that is exactly what happened to me with my first generic cialis online cialis pills pregnancy.
2 Responses to "Can Bacterial Vaginosis cause a missed or late period?"
No, and actually that is exactly what happened to me with my first pregnancy.
References :
I suffer from reoccurring BV and I have never had it effect my period.
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1. In an individual portion baking dish, combine cooked pasta, peas & sundried tomatoes.
2. Pour the cheese sauce on to and sprinkle grated cheese.
3. Bake at 200 degree C or 400 degree F for 15-20 minutes until pasta is heated, sauce is bubbly and cheese has melted and turned lightly brown.
4. Serve the pasta along with garlic bread or a salad if you like.
Serving size: Complete recipe
Calories 628 Calories from Fat 226
% Daily Value*
Total Fat 24 g37.1%
Saturated Fat 9.4 g46.9%
Trans Fat 4 g
Cholesterol 104.6 mg34.9%
Sodium 1236.3 mg51.5%
Total Carbohydrates 77 g25.8%
Dietary Fiber 3.4 g13.5%
Sugars 8.9 g
Protein 24 g48.8%
Vitamin A 16%
Vitamin C 40.4%
Calcium 31.7%
Iron 22.1%
*Based on a 2000 Calorie diet


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Ian Kinsler Gets Hit in the Face With a Low and Outside Pitch
Getting hit with any kind of pitch hurts, especially in the major leagues.
When pitches traveling 90-plus are thrown high and tight to hitters, it can get downright scary. However, what happened to Ian Kinsler Thursday night proves batters must have their heads on a swivel no matter where a pitched is headed.
Seriously, how much more bad luck can a person have right there? The pitch is low and outside, bounces on its way to the catcher and it still catches him in the face. to make it even worse, the ball hits him on the side where the ear flap of his helmet isn't protecting him. Of course it does.
I know this is in slow motion here, but doesn't Kinsler's reaction to getting hit look a little delayed?
This image is representative of what's been happening to the Detroit Tigers over the last three weeks. They bolstered their starting rotation before the non-waiver trade deadline by acquiring David Price, but that hasn't helped them hold off the Kansas City Royals in the AL Central. at 65-57, they're 0.5 games back of KC and are barely holding a 0.5 game lead for the final AL Wild Card spot.
Outside of getting hit in the face here, Kinsler has had a good first season in Detroit, making his fantasy baseball owners happy. The second baseman is hitting .287/.319/.426 with 11 home runs, 63 RBI, 32 doubles, 72 runs scored and 12 stolen bases.
Make sure you follow @FanDuel on Twitter and sign up on FanDuel to play in one-week fantasy football leagues for real cash.


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The Buffalo Infringement Festival is a non-profit-driven, non-hierarchical grassroots endeavor bringing together a broad range of eclectic, independent, experimental, and controversial art of all forms. Visual, performing, musical, and media arts are all welcome here. Taking place in multiple venues in and around Buffalo's Allentown District, the festival is an annual eleven-day event running from the last weekend of July through the first weekend of August. See the Infringement Festival International's mandate, and our 2006 Mission Statement, to learn more.
This event is organized by an ad-hoc committee whose members include (among others):
This festival is run completely on unicorn wishes and happy sunshine rays! Just kidding! There are real dollers that have to go into this grassroots festival for things like equipment, technicians, and most importaintly the Artvoice Schedule. Here is a list of our Indie GoGo donors who helped make Infringement possible this year:
Aaron Davis, Alex C Mead, allysencallery, amiller317, Andrew Delmonte, anvdionne, Beer Hall Philosphers, Beth Adamczyk, Big Toe Thomas, Bill & Debbie Burhans, Brigidann Rauch, buffalopsychic, camp716, carolyn, Chris Whitmer, Christine Markferding, Courtney Frances Fallon, Curt Rotterdam, depape, Eli the Hawk, fakemidnighr, Frank Canino, Frederick Sachs, George Hampton, glh3o69, greggreginfinity, Heather A Gring, Heidi I Jones, ilovealberteinstein, Janna Willoughby-Lohr, Jean Dickson, Jennifer Whitmore, Jim Caughill, John D Gaeddert, Jordan Pescrillo, Joshua Mastroianni, jotrapasso, jsthomas89, jt, Katharine Tussing, Katie Ann Bernard, Kilissa Cissoko, kim_veillette, Laura shriver, Matt Brylinski, megsiller, Michele Costa, Missa Coffman, Morani Kornberg-Weiss, nitapenfold, pamswarts, papazuk, Patrick J Muldowney, Peter Sorkin, Ravi Padmanabha, Rebecca Izydorczak, Richard Platt, Robin Brox, Robin Jordan, salsaforthesoul, sbader3, Sean J Caputi, skoosh, slomau, Sonya Manning, spiralscratchrecords, Stephen M Danison, Stephen P Ruszczyk, Steve Myers, Susan Marie, Thomas J Malta, thrillz4realz + 8 anonymous donors


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|Numéro de publication
|Type de publication
|Numéro de demande
|Date de publication
|11 avr. 2006
|Date de dépôt
|31 janv. 2001
|Date de priorité
|31 janv. 2001
|État de paiement des frais
|Autre référence de publication
|Numéro de publication
|Robert J. McCarty, Jr.
|Cessionnaire d'origine
|Cyntrust Communications, Inc.
|Exporter la citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Citations de brevets (4), Référencé par (17), Classifications (8), Événements juridiques (7)
|Liens externes: USPTO, Cession USPTO, Espacenet
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to digital systems. More specifically, the present invention relates to digital filters used to control bandwidth in a communication system.
2. Description of the Related Art
Modern communication systems have evolved from using predominantly analog circuitry to predominantly digital circuitry over the past several years. Where there use to be passive and active analog circuits used to oscillate, mix, filter and amplify signals in 'analog' domain, there are now digital signal processing circuits that employ specialized microprocessors, DSP's and related circuits to process signals in the digital domain. At the circuit component level, digital circuits are much more complex, employing millions of devices in some circumstances. However, at the device level, digital communications circuits are much simpler, often times using just a handful of devices to accomplish a complex communications task. Portable wireless devices are good examples of this high level of integration. Digital communications circuits also provide the substantial benefit of programmability. A single device can serve many functions over time, allowing the system designer to closely tailor the function of the communications system to the needs of the effort at hand.
One particular functional area that has benefited from the transition to the digital domain is signal filtering. As system designs have become more stringent, with narrowing bandwidths and higher information rates, analog filter topologies had become very complex, expensive, and prone to parts and circuit tolerance limitations. Analog filters become rather poor choices when narrow bands, close channelization, and high information rates force the need for very high order filters to meet system design criteria. Fortunately, the advent of digital signal processing and digital filter theory has alleviated this problem to a great degree. However, digital filters are not without their own limitations, and the state of the art has evolved to the point where even digital filter designs are challenged to meet tight system requirement.
A particular family of filters that is commonly employed in digital communication systems implemented with digital filtering technology is the finite impulse response, or 'FIR', filter. These filters are often characterized by linear phase response and constant group delay without feedback. In a typical implementation, a FIR filter response is implemented as a number of taps in a time domain delay line, each tap having an associated coefficient that defines the filter response characteristics. The number of taps indicates the order of the filter, as well as the amount of processor overhead that is required to implement the filter. The implementation of a FIR filter in a digital signal processor is widely understood by those skilled in the art. In fact, commercial software applications exist that allow designers to enter desired filter response parameters and then quickly produce filter tap coefficients that meet the design characteristics. Digital signal processing devices offer low level instructions designed to make filter implementation as efficient as possible.
As is understood by those skilled in the art, digital filters, like any filter, can be represented in the frequency domain or the time domain. In the frequency domain, segments of the filter transfer function are delineated as the pass band, stop band and transition band in a typical high-pass, low-pass, or band-pass filter. The frequency domain can be readily transformed to the time domain. In the time domain, the filter response is represented by an impulse function. A filter designed in the frequency domain with a fixed frequency cutoff has a theoretically infinite time impulse response to fully realize the cutoff frequency. Since time is always constrained, the impulse function must be truncated. However, truncating the time domain necessarily results in a broadening, or splattering, of energy bandwidth in the frequency domain. Where a filter is used to control bandwidth, as in channelizing a communications signal, this splattering of energy can result in undesirable interference, noise, reduced system performance, and violation of FCC regulations. The problem is of particular concern in any system where the communications of information must be started and stop with any regularity. A digital filter requires time to ramp up and produce useful output. Thus, there is a period of time at the beginning and end of each transmission block of information which does not contribute to the communications of useful information through the system. In effect, the data throughput performance of the system is compromised by the filter's limitations.
There are certain techniques available to those skilled in the art for controlling this limitation of digital filter systems. One technique is to further truncate the filter at the beginning and ends of transmission periods. This results in reduced system noise immunity and spectral spreading for those periods, but can be employed to advantage none the less. Another technique is to reduce the ramp-up and ramp-down periods for the filter and control the resultant spectral spreading by truncating and windowing the data for the ramp periods. In effect, the energy is forced to zero at the very beginning and ending moments of a time slot of signal transmission. Even given these techniques, the system designer is forced to exchange spectral efficiency for data bandwidth performance in such systems. Thus, there is a need in the art to improve data throughput, by reducing ramp up and ramp down time performance in digital communication filters while maintaining control of spectral performance.
The need in the art is addressed by the systems and methods of the present invention. An apparatus for reducing output energy and bandwidth of an intermittent data stream through a digital filter is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a digital filter and a controller coupled to the digital filter and operable to calculate at least a first ramp data field in accordance with coefficients selected to minimize energy in a truncated tail of the digital filter as a function of at least a first data field. In a refinement of this apparatus, the first data field is adjacent to the ramp data field. In a further refinement, the controller is further operable to window the ramp data field. In a further refinement, the controller is further operable to calculate both of a ramp-up and a ramp-down ramp data field as a function of the at least a first data field and a second data field respectively, and the ramp-down coefficients are the mirror image of the ramp-up coefficients, provided that the digital filter is symmetrical.
Another apparatus is disclosed and serves the purpose of generating coefficients (based on the digital filter tap weights) that are used to calculate ramp symbols. The coefficients are derived by minimizing energy in the at least a first truncated tail data field as a function of at least a first data field, and at least a first ramp data field. At least a first coefficient is derived by setting the partial derivative of the energy of the at least a first truncated tail data field with respect to at least a first ramp data field equal to zero, and solving the equation for the at least a first ramp data field. The coefficient of the at least a first data field in the solution represents the at least a first coefficient in the solution for an arbitrary at least a first data filed. The present invention teaches and claims a method for reducing the energy in the truncated tail of a filter response to a burst data by adaptively calculating ramp symbols as a function of the data input to the digital filter.
A first method comprises the step of calculating at least a first ramp data field in accordance with coefficients selected to minimize energy in a truncated tail of the digital filter as a function of at least a first data field. In a refinement of this method, the at least a first data field is adjacent to the ramp data field. In another refinement, the method also includes the step of windowing the ramp data field. In a further refinement, the calculating step is applied to both of a ramp-up and a ramp-down ramp data field as a function of the at least a first information data field and a second information data field respectively, and wherein ramp-down coefficients are the mirror image of the ramp-up coefficients.
Another method taught by the present invention comprises the steps of calculating the energy in at least a first truncated tail data field as a function of at least a first ramp data field variable and at least a first data field variable, and taking a partial derivative of the energy in the at least a first truncated tail data field with respect to the at least a first ramp data field variable. Then, writing an equality by setting the partial derivative equal to zero, and solving the equality for the at least a first ramp data field variable as a function of the at least a first information data field thereby generating at least a first coefficient. In a refinement of this method, the energy in the at least a first truncated tail data field is also a function of the digital filter tap coefficients.
Illustrative embodiments and exemplary applications will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings to disclose the advantageous teachings of the present invention. While the present invention is described herein with reference to illustrative embodiments for particular applications, it should be understood that the invention is not limited thereto. Those having ordinary skill in the art and access to the teachings provided herein will recognize additional modifications, applications, and embodiments within the scope thereof and additional fields in which the present invention would be of significant utility.
The preferred embodiment utilizes the present invention in a trunked land mobile radio system that employs FDM channelization and TDMA packetized data for channel trunking management, system control, data communications, and voice communications. Reference is directed to
The terminal units 4 communicate via radio frequency waves (not shown) with base station 1 via antenna 10. Reference is directed to
In the preferred embodiment, the land mobile radio system operates in the US SMR band of frequencies that are allocated by the FCC. Reference is directed to
In the preferred embodiment, the allocated channels are advantageously sub-divided to improve capacity as is illustrated in
It should be noted in
A further advantageous use of the radio spectrum within the preferred embodiment is illustrated in
In operation, the terminal units, illustrated as block 4 in
Reference is directed to
Turning off the transmitter for the last three data fields reduces the total number of transmitted data fields to one hundred seventeen 46. The first and last two of these fields, identified as items 50, 52, 54, and 56, are used to ramp up and ramp down the digital filter to control spectral splattering, which concept will be more fully developed hereinafter. Therefore, the data fields remaining for transmission of usable data are one hundred twelve 48, as are indicated by data field numbers three through one hundred fifteen in
The preferred embodiment utilizes a sixteen-point constellation quadrature amplitude modulation scheme (hereinafter 'QAM') for the encoding of data onto the radio frequency carrier. Therefore, each point on the constellation defines one of sixteen data values, which are mapped to four-bit data fields, generally called 'symbols' by those skilled in the art. In
Reference is directed to
Mapping circuit 70 produces two digital outputs for the in-phase and quadrature-phase inputs of the QAM modulator 76, which are coupled to a pair of Nyquist filters 72 and 74. The Nyquist filters are implemented as 65-tap finite impulse response (hereinafter 'FIR')filters in a DSP in the preferred embodiment. Actually, since a Nyquist filter impulse response is used to reduce inter
symbol interference at the output of the modulator 76, the filters 72 and 74 generate a square-root Nyquist response output, accomplished mathematically in the DSP. In preparation to modulation in the analog domain, the digital signals output by the square-root Nyquist filters 72 and 74 are converted to the analog domain by digital to analog converters 71 and 73 respectively. These signals are multiplied in the modulator 76 to produce the desired Nyquist filter response characteristics. Within the modulator 76 is an intermediate frequency (hereinafter 'IF') reference oscillator 78 that drives a first mixer 82. The filtered signal from Nyquist filter 72 is thus mixed with the IF in mixer 82. The IF oscillator 78 is also coupled through a 90° phase shift circuit 80, which in turn couples to the second mixer 84. The output of the second Nyquist filter 74 is mixed with the phase-shifted IF signal in mixer 84. The two modulated IF signals are combined in adder 86 and output as a QAM modulated IF signal from modulator 76. Finally, the QAM modulated IF signal is mixed with a signal from a radio frequency (hereinafter 'RF') oscillator 90 in mixer 88, which outputs the QAM modulated RF carrier. The RF carrier is coupled to the receiver circuit 60 via channel 92. In the preferred embodiment, the channel 92 is via radio wave propagation.
The receiver circuit 60 in
The advantages of using Nyquist filters in digital communications systems are well understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. With the advent of digital signal processing technology, Nyquist filters are now commonly implemented as digital filters written as software applications for a DSP, ASIC, or FPGA. Many are implemented as multi-tap FIR filters, often times of the raised-cosine variety. Naturally, along with the advantages of DSP technology and digital filtering, there are certain limitations to be managed as well.
Major objectives of the design of the baseband digital filter system are to choose the transmitting and receiving filters to minimize the effects of noise, eliminate or minimize inter-symbol interference and to reduce stop band energy. Inter-symbol interference can theoretically be eliminated by proper shaping of the impulse response characteristics of the transmitted signal. See
Modern implementations of pulse shaping filters use a pair of matched filters, one in the transmitter and one in the receiver. The convolution of the transmit filter with the receive filter forms the complete pulse shaping filter. Inter-symbol interference is avoided since the combined filter impulse response reaches unity at a single point and is zero periodically at every other information point (the Nyquist symbol/information rate). The linear superposition of pulses representing a pulse train preserves bandwidth and information content. Linear superposition of band limited pulses remains band limited and sampling the combined filter at the information rate at the correct sampling point recovers the information.
Zero crossings of the impulse response function of a Nyquist filter occur at the information rate, except at the one, center, information bearing point. All Nyquist filters having the same stop band are theoretically equally bandwidth limited if the time response is allowed to go to infinity. Realizable filters, however, are truncated in time since it is not possible to have infinitely long impulse responses. With respect to the preferred embodiment, where a TDMA technique is employed, the time domain is even more limited in that the terminal unit transmit energy should be at zero at the beginning and end of each 30 ms transmit window. Truncation error in the time domain causes the theoretical stop band achievable by a Nyquist filter to be violated, so that out of band energy exists in excess of the stop band frequency. A well designed Nyquist filter balances this trade-off efficiently given system design criteria and the general need to obtain the best possible data performance of the system.
The most efficient filter is the "brick wall" filter illustrated in
To produce a realizable filter, the ideal filter is approximated by time delaying and truncating the infinite impulse response. Truncation, however, produces unintentional out of band energy in excess of the theoretical stop band. One goal that is achieved by the present invention is to minimize this undesirable out of band energy after the filter is truncated.
Attention is directed to
The parameter controlling bandwidth of the raised cosine Nyquist filter is the roll-off factor α. The roll-off factor α is one (α=1) 118 if the ideal low pass filter bandwidth is doubled, that is the stop band goes to zero at twice the bandwidth 2fN 126 (and −2fN 128) of an ideal brick wall filter at fN. If α=0.5 116 a total bandwidth f 1.5fN (not shown) would result, and so on. The lower the value of the roll-off factor α, the more compact the spectrum becomes but the longer time it takes for the impulse response to decay to zero.
In the time domain, referencing
In the preferred embodiment, the Nyquist filter is implemented as a digital filter at a 65 times oversample rate. The truncation length is eight symbol periods long, or sixteen total symbol periods, giving the number of the number of taps as sixteen times sixty-five, or one thousand twenty-four total taps. The filter is implemented in polyphase form, where the unique data inputs occur at the symbol rate. Polyphase implementation of digital filters is a well known digital technique to those of ordinary skill in the art. Theoretical Nyquist filters are not realizable (since infinite time in both directions is necessary to fully realize the theoretical stop band properties of the filter). Practical Nyquist filters are made by time delaying and truncating the infinite impulse response. After choosing the a factor, the oversample rate (65) and the number of symbol time delays for the filter to realize the symbol value (8), fully specifies the filter tap values for the example raised cosine class of filters.
Given the digital filter design and the eight period decay time, out of band energy is naturally controlled to the filter's digital/truncation limit, according to the α factor selected in the design. However, since the filter operates in a TDMA system, it must ramp up and ramp down during every 30 ms TDM slot interval. In a pulse shaping filter, the filter is normally initialized with zeros, and the natural ramp up takes a delay of eight (in this instance) symbols to realize the first information point. The natural ramp down also takes eight zeros (at the sampling rate) to ramp the filter down in a spectrally efficient way. Sacrificing eight leading and eight trailing symbol periods in a 120 symbol slot interval to control bandwidth is undesirably wasteful of system and information data bandwidth. One way to improve the efficiency of the design is to truncate the eight symbol periods to a lesser number of symbol periods at the beginning and end of a slot. In the preferred embodiment, the ramp times are truncated to two symbol periods for both the ramp-up and ramp-down periods. The effect of truncating these periods is to generate out of band spectral energy splatter. The present invention reduces this splatter while preserving the data bandwidth efficiency.
The assignee of the present invention has already filed a co-pending patent pplication for an improved Nyquist filter design. The application is Ser. No. 09/302,078 and entitled IMPROVED NYQUIST FILTER AND METHOD, which was filed in the US Patent Office on Apr. 28, 1999, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference thereto.
Reference is directed to
The preferred embodiment digital filter operates on four-bit symbols with an over sampling rate of sixty-five times. A modified Nyquist filter is employed and the time domain impulse curve is such that eight data symbols is sufficient to provide adequate guard band splatter control. However, for protocol efficiency, the prior art filter utilizes two zero-valued ramp-up and ramp-down data fields with windowing to more quickly ramp the filter and allow for twelve additional useful data symbol periods.
The truncated ramp-up tail 142 is comprised of data symbols Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7, and Q8. Similarly, the truncated ramp-down tail 144 comprises symbols Q8, Q7, Q6, Q5, Q4, Q3, Q2, and Q1. The ramp symbols do not carry useful data. In the present invention, the first six data symbols 148 and the last six data symbols 150 (identified as symbols S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, and S8 in
The present invention improves upon not only the non-windowed ramp, but the windowed ramp as well, by adapting the ramp symbol values to the transmitted symbol data. The energy in the truncated tail can be minimized and spectral splatter attenuated. A descriptive and mathematical analysis of this approach follows. Reference is directed again to
In the preferred embodiment, the total energy in the tail can be written using the first eight symbols periods (and last eight symbol periods). Of course, in other filter designs, the number of periods may vary as well as the over sampling rate, as is understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. At 65 times over sampling, the magnitudes of each sample point in the truncated tail portion 142 is contained in one of the following vectors, (where Qx is the symbol period of data points, Rx (or Sx) is the symbol value of the corresponding transmitted data, and hy is the filter tap, or coefficient, value.
The first truncated symbol period sample data output is determined by the first 65 data sample points:
The second truncated symbol period sample data output is determined by the next 65 data sample points:
The third truncated symbol period sample data output is determined by the third 65 data sample points:
The fourth truncated symbol period sample data output is determined by the fourth 65 data sample points:
The fifth truncated symbol period sample data output is determined by the fifth 65 data sample points:
The sixth truncated symbol period sample data output is determined by the sixth 65 data sample points:
The seventh truncated symbol period sample data output is determined by the seventh 65 data sample points:
The eighth truncated symbol period sample data output is determined by the eighth 65 data sample points:
The sum of the squares for each of the sixty-five sample points of the eight truncated symbol periods indicates the total energy in the truncated tail as follows:
The ramp up symbol values are calculated by solving the least squares to minimize the amount of energy in the truncated tail symbols. The partial derivative of the energy with respect to the two ramp symbols are taken to accomplish this step, as follows:
For clarity and simplicity, the individual terms contributing to the energy in R1 and R2 in the above equations with respect to each vector are individually expressed, and appear below for both R1 and R2 for each term of Equations Eq. 10 and Eq. 11.
First term for Eq. 10 and Eq. 11 respectively:
as there is no R2 argument in the first term.
Second term for Eq. 10 and Eq. 11 respectively:
Third term for Eq. 10 and Eq. 11 respectively:
Fourth term for Eq. 10 and Eq. 11 respectively:
Fifth term for Eq. 10 and Eq. 11 respectively:
Sixth term for Eq. 10 and Eq. 11 respectively:
Seventh term for Eq. 10 and Eq. 11 respectively:
Eighth term for Eq. 10 and Eq. 11 respectively:
The sum of all derivative terms is zero, giving two equations and two unknowns, for the least squares. The sample points are summed and organized to yield the following:
Which is simplified by setting a variable equal to the summation terms, and rewritten as:
α11 R 1+α12 R 2 =−c 11 S 3 −c 12 S 4 −c 13 S 5 −c 14 S 6 −c 15 S 7 −c 16 S 8 Eq.30
α12 R 1+α22 R 2 =−c 21 S 3 −c 22 S 4 −c 23 S 5 −c 24 S 6 −c 25 S 7 −c 26 S 8 Eq.31
Solving for R1 and R2 and converting to matrix mathematics yields:
And defining c′xy=−cxy we have:
Substituting bxy for like elements in the axy −1 matrix produces Equation 35 below:
This solution can be calculated in the conventional manner. Thus, a set of coefficients can be generated, based on the filter tap coefficients, and stored in a look-up table for use in calculating the ramp-up (and ramp-down) symbols that yield the lowest energy in the truncated tails. Ramp down is the mirror image of ramp up, given filter symmetry.
In operation, as each TDMA data packet is received, the first and last six valid data packets (items 148 and 150 in
The improvement is apparent upon review of
Filters as described herein can be used in a variety of applications. For example, the filters can be used in any system that utilizes pulse shaping filters. Digital communication systems provide one such example. Filters of the present invention could be used in wireless communications (cellular, GSM, microwave, satellite), wired communications (in telephone systems, cable modems), optical systems, broadcast systems (digital television, digital radio, satellite), and others.
Thus, the present invention has been described herein with reference to a particular embodiment for a particular application. It is therefore intended by the appended claims to cover any and all such applications, modifications and embodiments within the scope of the present invention.
|Brevet cité
|Date de dépôt
|Date de publication
|27 avr. 1992
|25 janv. 1994
|Hughes Aircraft Company
|System and method for transmission of bursts of digital information
|15 mai 1995
|15 avr. 1997
|Apparatus and method for generating a transition between the on and off states of a radio frequency transmitter
|30 sept. 1999
|23 sept. 2003
|Ericsson Inc.
|Artificial ramping of transmit power for burst transmissions
|Titre non disponible
|Brevet citant
|Date de dépôt
|Date de publication
|9 sept. 2003
|25 mars 2008
|Soar S.K., Limited Liability Company
|Nyquist filter and method
|5 sept. 2006
|1 juin 2010
|Pine Valley Investments, Inc.
|Method and system for data transmission with decreased bit error rate
|3 déc. 2004
|19 juil. 2011
|Sony Corporation
|Transmitting apparatus, receiving apparatus, and communication system for formatting data
|4 juil. 2005
|10 janv. 2012
|Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
|Ramping in multimode transmitters using primed filters
|7 févr. 2012
|Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute
|Method for measuring variable bandwidth wireless channel and transmitter and receiver therefor
|22 janv. 2008
|3 avr. 2012
|General Atomics
|Method and apparatus for data transfer using a time division multiple frequency scheme supplemented with polarity modulation
|31 juil. 2012
|Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute
|Method for measuring variable bandwidth wireless channel and transmitter and receiver therefor
|20 sept. 2013
|23 sept. 2014
|Sony Corporation
|Transmitting apparatus, receiving apparatus, and communication system for formatting data
|15 juin 2011
|3 mars 2015
|Sony Corporation
|Transmitting apparatus, receiving apparatus, and communication system for formatting data
|9 janv. 2014
|21 juin 2016
|Sony Corporation
|Transmitting apparatus, receiving apparatus, and communication system for formatting data
|9 sept. 2003
|11 mars 2004
|Mccarty Robert Joseph
|Nyquist filter and method
|3 déc. 2004
|14 juil. 2005
|Hiroaki Takahashi
|Transmitting apparatus, receiving apparatus, and communication system for formatting data
|5 sept. 2006
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|M/A-Com, Inc.
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|22 janv. 2008
|5 juin 2008
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|6 déc. 2007
|12 juin 2008
|Sung-Jun Lee
|Method for measuring variable bandwidth wireless channel and transmitter and receiver therefor
|4 juil. 2005
|18 déc. 2008
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|Classification aux États-Unis
|375/232, 375/350, 708/300, 341/166
|Classification internationale
|Classification coopérative
|Classification européenne
|31 janv. 2001
Owner name: COMSPACE CORPORATION, TEXAS
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|8 juil. 2002
Owner name: CYNTRUST COMMUNICATIONS, INC., TEXAS
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Owner name: SOAR S.K., LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY, DELAWARE
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text:
A very interesting video feature on Ms. Alonso:
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Laura Alonso
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dropping down from higher level irish even though they're up to standard in the subject!
can also be used when dropping down from any subject
can also be used when dropping down from any subject
'man fuck this i'm already doing 6 honours for the leaving so i'm duffying irish'
by erp2themax November 08, 2009
Trending Now
Top Definition
The blatant act of perving on a girl so much that it looks like you would go so far as to get her up the duff.
It's obvious that Chris really has a thing for Angela. He was duffying her in the gym again.
by RedheadM23 August 05, 2011


text:
South Atlantic is a Canadian mining and exploration company with a primary focus in Scandinavia. The company will shortly complete a change of name - from SouthMore
$1 mil. - $5 mil.in Revenue
10 - 20EmployeesContact people at this company
Suite 2101 885 West Georgia StreetVancouverBritish ColumbiaV6C 3E8Canadaview map
(604) 689-7842(604) 689-4250Fax
Enterprise_Iteration-NT.1545[02] SEIDXWK-31


text:
Video Industry News Video Company News Technology Industry News Technology Company News Novelty Industry News Novelty Company News Gay Industry News Gay Company News Legal Industry News All Company News
Released: Mar 14th, 2011
Running Time: 293 Min.
Director: Alexander DeVoe
Company: Alexander DeVoe Video
DVD Extras: Behind the Scenes, Cumshot Recap, Fetish Menus, Still Gallery(ies)
Cast: Sophie Dee, Prince Yahshua, Mariah Madysinn, Lexington Steele, Sierra Skye, Mr. Marcus, Katie Kox, Rico Strong, Kelly Divine, Lucas Stone
Critical Rating: AAAA
Genre: Big Bust, Interracial
Fans of big juggs, rejoice! Alexander DeVoe presents lovely ladies with ample boobs stroking, jiggling, teasing and rubbing—plenty of boobcentric activity for jacking and beating pleasure.
Shirt-dropping, eye-popping teases with buxom, milky-skinned lasses are on the program here, with POV shots of big black hands (and other body parts) reaching out to touch the goodies. And the goodies are indeed sweet, starting with luscious Sophie Dee in a low-cut pink sweater and black patterned hose. "C'mon, pervert. Touch my boob," she murmers to Lucas Stone, who inserts his finger between said boobs to test their titty-fucking potential. But first, a little oil to smooth the way …
Director Alexander DeVoe lavishes plenty of shooting time on the action, with five scenes spread across two discs. Blonde Mariah Madysinn does her first anal with the irrepressible Mr. Marcus ("I want my dick to slide like I'm in an amusement ride, like I'm in a water park," he says gleefully as he lubes her boobs). Kelly Divine tangles with Prince Yahshua (lots of nice views of her rack, but we largely miss the asstastic Divine's best side); and zaftig redhead Sierra Skye wraps her natural knockers around Rico Strong's knob.
Aside from Sophie Dee's terrific and lengthy tease, the other standout is the pairing of Katie Kox's titanic tits and Lexington Steele's rampant rod. Steele fucks her every which way but (definitely not) loose before pulling out to explode on her tits.
Among the extras are "The Devoe Show" (BTS offering voyeuristic pre- and post-scene sex) and a fetish menu for jumping straight to tease, titty-fucking, blowjobs and cumshots.


text:
Heavy-duty tube cutter ranges from 1/8" to 1-1/8" . Retractable reamer/file and spare cutting wheel. View Details
Forms a production quality flare for GM transmission cooling lines. For use with AC71475 hydraulic flaring tool. Forms a Jiffy Tite style flare... View Details
Quick slip-on yoke for easy use. High quality, professional full polish chrome flaring bar. For 1/4", 5/16", 3/8", and 1/2" O.D. tubing... View Details
Spring-loaded tensioner allows cutting wheel to cut through tubing without continually adjusting the tightening wheel. Saves time with more consistent cuts. Range 3/16" - 7/8". View Details
Creates 45º double, push connect, metric bubble and GM fuel line flares. Creates production quality flares. Flares can be created on vehicle. View Details
Set of 5 Double Falring Tool Adapters for the FT6503. Set includes: 3/16", 1/4", 5/16", 3/8" and 1/2". View Details
Fabricates (ISO) bubble flares found on European, Japanese and some domestic model brake lines. Sizes: 4.75mm, 6mm, 8mm, 10mm. View Details
Hardened Steel Cutter Cuts Copper, Brass, and Aluminum Tubing. Cuts Tubing 1/8" - 7/8" (3 - 22mm) O.D. Replacement cutter blade - TC120BCW. View Details
Cuts copper brass aluminum tubing and thin-wall conduit up to 1/8" - 1/2" (3-13mm). Ratcheting motion is easy to use in tight fit applications. Nylon-fiberglass handle is strong and light-weight ... View Details
Makes standard 45º flares. Sizes: 3/16", 1/4", 5/16", 7/8", 1/2" and 5/8" OD. Double flaring adapters: 3/16", 1/4", 5/16", 3/8" and 1/2" OD. Includes an extra 3/16" 45º adapter and heavy-duty tube cutter (TC126A). View Details


text:
Separate names with a comma.
Discussion in 'Photography & The Digital Darkroom' started by willnabby, Jul 13, 2009.
Taken last thursday, it seem to look better in raw before I converted it to jpeg?
Thats a damn good picture mate! How much zoom has your camera got!?
You sure you didn't just take it from the net? lol
Nice work fella :thumbsup:
Wow that is good! Amazing definition
LOL lets hope reptor doesn't take a look or all the net alligations will be out!, its only a 300mm lens on a tripod with a slowish shutter speed, I have cropped it alot so it's made it look bigger because there was more black sky than moon at first.
Just come across this, what a cracking bit of photography.


text:
Splinters of the past by Erni009Watch
©2005-2016 Erni009
This is Latvija my Friends. The Baltic Sea.
very interesting location for more surrealistic shots !
i love that! you've captured it perfectly!!
This is surreal... how does something like that happen? Great job, as usual - I like the wave crashing on the backside of the house.
wonderful .. that looks like a painting, .. such a great sky and the sea just splashing on the walls .. it's very good photography .. a really good capture! btw I love the angle and view on this one!
Wonderful shot! Beautiful colors and a very nice sky.
Beautiful composition. The colors on the house really make the piece.
Spectacular view. The old stone building in the middle of the sea somehow looks very small. It must be the waves and clouds dwarfing it. Nice contrast, this photo is exceptional.
Nice rich blue!
this one is much better then second version!
Fantastic! Nicely captured
Amazing. This one takes your breath away.
Looks like a polaroid picture.
Looks like a polaroid picture.
Amazing photograph. The clouds look amazing and the contrast of the colors is all fabulous.
...I need to visit the Baltic Sea.
Great photo, love the unexpected action of the water hitting the building, the gradiated sky, the harsh clouds.....very nice, all around image. Two thumbs up, and all that.
Great photo, love the unexpected action of the water hitting the building, the gradiated sky, the harsh clouds.....very nice, all around image. Two thumbs up, and all that.
klassnyi snimok. Konechno, poliarizacija sdes mnogo dobavliajet.
I, razumeetsa, mesto.. Mesto!
I, razumeetsa, mesto.. Mesto!
wow... love the compositon and coloring... very simply beautiful...
Godd picture & title!
what this house doing there!? cool
uau great image i love it, congratulations on this one
Wow, the colors are really amazing. Do you use filters or do you post-edit your works?
The colours
Ok. I'll ask: How the FUCK did this house ended up in the sea?! O_o;
P.S.: Cool pic indeed... but how did the house ended up in the sea?!
P.S.: Cool pic indeed... but how did the house ended up in the sea?!
wow, wounderful photo i love your gallery
what a vibrant color....
you do live in an overly beautiful pl ace, if i'm ever so lucky to visit and tour europe this'll be a big stop for me.
edited in photoshop?
I think everyone has said everything - but cold rather than cool, good thoughtful subject very well presented. Thanks!
Wow! Did you use a polarizing filter?
awesome picture. not really much else to say.
How bizarre. A scene like that won't last forever with that water pounding away at the building. I love photos that narrate the passage of time or the effects of time. Very cool.
nice compositions and nice view....
holy shit this is unreal
Very impressive ...
Wow, great shot! Makes me want to go there.
Awesome photo. looks so cool!
amazing motive you captured the moment, as the wave breaks uppon the building. beautiful
good job! Nice colors!
The scenery looks so surreal because of that house. Very cool.


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Three women learn that the heart of their historic home holds a mystery of years gone by, as number-one bestselling author Nora Roberts brings her In the Garden trilogy to a captivating conclusion, following Blue Dahlia and Black Rose.
A Harper has always lived at Harper House, the centuries-old mansion just outside of Memphis. And for as long as anyone alive remembers, the ghostly Harper Bride has walked the halls, singing lullabies at night...
Hayley Phillips came… (more)
Publisher: Jove (November 29, 2005)
Format: EPUB
Page count: 384 pages
File size: 690 KB
Protection: DRM
Language: English


text:
*Part I appears in Echocardiography 2001;18:211–268.
Therapeutic Ultrasound, Part II*
Version of Record online: 28 JUL 2003
DOI: 10.1046/j.1540-8175.2001.00309.x
© Futura Publishing Company, Inc. 2001
Volume 18, Issue 4, pages 309–315, May 2001
Additional Information
How to Cite
Siegal, R. J., Vaezy, S., Martin, R. and Crum, L. (2001), Therapeutic Ultrasound, Part II. Echocardiography, 18: 309–315. doi: 10.1046/j.1540-8175.2001.00309.x
- †
This work was supported by a grant from the Defense Advanced Research Programs Administration (DARPA) under its MURI program, Number N00014-96-0630.
Publication History
- Issue online: 28 JUL 2003
- Version of Record online: 28 JUL 2003
- Abstract
- Cited By
- ultrasound;
- hemostasis
Acoustic hemostasis is a new field of ultrasound research in which high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is used to induce hemostasis in actively bleeding, injured solid organs and blood vessels. In animal studies, moderate to profuse bleeding from parenchymal and vascular injuries has been arrested within approximately 1 minute of HIFU application, even when a large dose of heparin was administered. Moreover, acoustic hemostasis has shown promise in cauterizing large regions of liver, providing a method for bloodless resectioning of abnormal tissue. Two distinct physical mechanisms of HIFU appear to contribute to hemostasis: (1) a thermal mechanism in which absorption of sound leads to temperature elevations, and (2) mechanical mechanisms (acoustic cavitation) in which gas and vapor-filled voids oscillate with large displacement amplitudes. While the thermal mechanism results in a temperature increase in excess of 70°C in about 1 second, the mechanical mechanism appears to result in structural disruption of tissue and possible release of coagulation-inducing tissue factors. Of utmost importance in further development of HIFU as a clinical tool is targeting and monitoring of the HIFU treatment. We have obtained initial success in integrating HIFU with ultrasound imaging so as to develop an image-guided therapy system. Image-guided acoustic hemostasis may provide a valuable method of hemostasis in surgical and prehospital settings with applications in trauma and elective surgery.


text:
And as for commissioner David Stern, don't think we forgot! Just one question: How bold was he for the yellow tie?! Hey, you finish as crazy a season as he has, and you can wear what you want.
NBA draft night all-style team
Marvin Williams
Yaroslav Korolev
Martell Webster's great aunt, Beulah Walker
Greg Anthony
Deron Williams' daughter, Denae
Dan Shanoff is a columnist for Page 2. His "Daily Quickie" commentary appears every weekday morning, and you can join him for SportsNation's "Morning Quickie" every weekday from 9-10 a.m. ET. You can e-mail Dan here.


text:
We offer everything you need to make your stay comfortable and hassle-free. Find safety deposit boxes, an ATM, business services, and concierge services in our newly renovated lobby. Our gift and sundry shop offers local gifts, newspapers, essential clothing, and convenience items. Take advantage of express checkout from your guest room and enjoy an effortless departure. If you're looking to venture out, our concierge can point you in the right direction for whatever interests you may have.
There's no need to drop your exercise regime just because you leave home. Our well-equipped Sheraton Fitness includes stationary bikes, elliptical machines, treadmills, and dumbbells up to 50 pounds.
Sheraton Club Level Room guests have special 24-hour access to our restyled Sheraton Club Lounge. A relaxing, upscale space, the Sheraton Club Lounge offers complimentary continental breakfast (6:30am to 9:30am Monday to Friday, and 7am to 10am Saturday and Sunday), evening hors d'oeuvres (5pm to 8pm daily), and a variety of beverage options. Take advantage of the private Club Lounge, where you can connect with friends, meet with your team, or simply relax by catching your favorite TV show. Need to get some work done? A copier/fax/printer and complimentary office supplies are ready to go.
After a day of friends, family, or business, there is one more thing to savor: the welcome of our Sheraton, which is completely smoke-free.
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Tom Ellis
Tom Ellis North Star Funding Solutions is a financial consulting firm in Columbia Maryland. Tom Ellis assists in providing project financing for commercial development, commercial construction or rehabilitation, and all types of energy projects.
Bragging rights
Tom Ellis, Tom Ellis, Yasuo, Oda, Yasuo Oda, North Star Funding Solutions, Columbia, Maryland, Financing, Construction, Funding, North Star, Mortgage, Finance, development, energy, commercial, housing, financing, bbb, interest, rates, loans, reviews, complaints, profile, picture, news


text:
What in the world is Guillermo del Toro working on now?
A rundown of the acclaimed filmmakers never ending slate
'Hellboy III'
What: "Hellboy III"
Role: Writer/director
Will it ever happen: Both del Toro and Hellboy himself, Ron Perlman, seem interested. At a screening of the second film, Guillermo was forthcoming with ideas about this third film, which is set up clearly with scenes in "Hellboy II: The Golden Army." If he ever does make it, the film will focus on the tragic love story between Hellboy and Liz (Selma Blair), and the way their two babies play into the prophecy that Liz will have to kill Hellboy to save the world.
Photo Credit: Universal Pictures


text:
By SMDC Safety OfficeJuly 16, 2014
See Into the Future with Eye Protection
People have heard the phrase, "Keep your eyes on the job." It means more than just paying attention to what they are doing; it means properly wearing the correct eye protection for the job being done. The form of eye protection people choose will depend upon the activity and degree of the hazard involved.
Here are some of the basic types of eye protection:
• Safety Glasses. Safety glasses have impact resistant glass, plastic or polycarbonate lenses, and safety frames designed to prevent the lenses from being pushed into the eyes upon impact. Standard safety glasses offer basic protection from jobs where a hazard may strike from the front. When equipped with side shields or cups additional protection is given where a hazard may come from the front, side, above or below. Tinted lenses provide protection from radiation hazards.
• Safety Goggles. Goggles, also impact resistant and available in tinted lenses, provide a secure shield around the entire eye area and give protection against hazards coming from many directions. They are used in sawing, soldering and when using chemicals. Goggles with indirect ventilation may be required if one is exposed to splash hazards.
• Shields and Helmets. Face shields and helmets alone are not protective eyewear. They are frequently used in conjunction with safety glasses or goggles for chemicals, heat or radiation hazards. Helmets are most commonly used when welding or working with molten materials.
Protective eyewear can be prescription or non-prescription. Lenses can be designed to protect against specific hazards such as impact, heat or infrared/ultraviolet light radiation. Side shields will help to provide greater protection from chemical mixtures and molten metal burns.
Eyewear should fit well and be comfortable to wear. An eye care professional should do this fitting. A full range of eye, bridge and temple sizes should be available. Eye protection should not cause headaches, slip off easily or fog up. Most manufacturers now carry at least two sizes of goggles, face shields and other special equipment to accommodate workers.
Here are some other things one can do to help keep his eyes on the job:
• Encourage control of workplace eye hazards. Dust extractors, exhaust systems and screens will reduce airborne particles. Splashes of harmful liquids can be partially contained by screens, splashguards and splash trays.
• Clean protective eyewear regularly. Keep it in good condition and replace damaged lenses and loose frames immediately.
• Know where the eyewash stations are at the work site and how to use them in an emergency.
• Have vision tested regularly.
There is more to keeping people's eyes on the job than keeping them open. Keep them protected.


text:
Human Resources
Cascade Centers can help you respond to this event in multiple ways.
Hourly Time Entry Due
A scam alert from the Oregon Department of Justice Financial Fraud/Consumer Protection Section.
1095-C Forms for ACA
Oregon passed a mandatory sick leave law that went into effect on January 1, 2016. The attached poster provides the basic guidelines of the regulations, including the expanded use of the leave.
TIAA-CREF Personal Counseling Sessions
The annual Open Enrollment for Lewis & Clark employees to make changes to their benefits begins on Monday, February 22 and ends at 4 p.m. on Monday, March 7.
Going Paperless on W-2 Wage and Tax Statement
Recently, there have been some troubling events on campus, and we want to make sure you're informed with the facts, as we know them, and what we're doing.
Hate speech like that posted on Yik Yak yesterday has no place on our campus, nor in the larger world. In fact, the posts violate the core values of the L&C community and, more specifically, violate the Discrimination, Harassment, and Hate or Bias-Motivated Conduct Policy.
As you may be aware, this afternoon there were multiple racist posts made on Yik Yak. The Bias Assessment Response Team is actively working on this highly troubling incident. The Portland Police have been informed.
Beginning with 2015, the Affordable Care Act mandates that all employees who have been offered/obtained Medical coverage through Lewis & Clark College during the calendar year receive form 1095-C.
In view of the recent tragedy at Umpqua Community College, college administrators strongly recommend all Lewis & Clark community members take a few minutes to review the following emergency procedures.
Both first floor restrooms in J.R. Howard Hall Howard are gender open rather than being designated men's/women's.
The Community Friends Program at Lewis & Clark is looking for local families, couples, and individuals to help international students practice their English skills and learn more about American culture and life in Oregon.
Twice a year Workday updates and enhances their product and pushes the changes out to their clients. Saturday, September 12 marks the release of Workday 25. Most changes are behind the scenes, but some are enhancements or user interface changes that you will notice.
The Lewis & Clark emergency notification system provides rapid notification and instructions to students, faculty, and staff.
As we kick off another new school year, hundreds of students will seek on- and off-campus jobs during the next several weeks.
Workday Mobile App is available!
Come join the fun, meet new people from across the campuses and start getting healthier today.


text:
ODT Online
ODT /directory
The woman, who was 38 weeks pregnant, was one of two
passengers in the car when it crashed yesterday.
Police said the driver of the car helped drag a woman and a
male from the wreck moments before it caught fire.
Described by police as a "ride from hell", the car slammed
into a tree and burst into flames near Waipukurau.
Emergency services responded to the one-car crash on
Middleton Rd, about 8km southeast of the Central Hawke's Bay
town, just after 2pm yesterday.
Waipukurau Police Senior Constable John Flack said initial
investigations suggested the car, carrying three people, left
the road on a corner while heading south, before "flying"
across a ditch and hitting a large tree head-on.
"The car appears to then have spun around before it later
caught fire."
He said the driver noticed his passengers, including the
20-year-old woman, were seriously injured in the accident and
the car was moments from igniting.
"He's managed to pull his mate, who had a severely broken
leg, from the front passenger's seat and out of the car as it
would've been starting to catch fire.
"Dragging him away, and ignoring the obvious pain he would
have been in himself, he's pulled him on to the bank and away
from the flames and it appears he has also helped free the
pregnant woman and get her on to the road before the
ambulance arrived."
Police said late last night the mother had lost her baby as a
result of the injuries suffered in the crash.
St John Hawke's Bay district operations manager Stephen Smith
said when paramedics arrived their immediate concerns lay
with the pregnant woman.
"She was in a serious condition with abdominal pain and taken
by helicopter to Hawke's Bay Hospital.
"The other passenger had serious leg fractures, while he and
the driver were also suffering from abdominal pain. "
Waipukurau Fire Station chief Gary Weaver said his crew
arrived and doused the burning wreck.
" It is very lucky that no one was burnt or was trapped and
had to be freed from the wreck.
"Looking at where the car is, coming off that corner, it
would have been a ride from hell."
Mr Flack said all three in the car were Central Hawke's Bay
He added the driver may yet face driving charges in relation
to the crash. Police investigations were continuing.
Last night a Hawke's Bay Hospital spokeswoman said the woman
was in a serious condition in the high dependency unit, while
the other passenger and driver were in a stable condition.
- Sam Hurley, Hawke's Bay Today
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text:
Hurricane Preparedness Center - Rocky Mount, NC
- WebMD Physician Directory of Rocky Mount Doctors
- Related Hurricane Preparedness Articles
- Rocky Mount Emergency Contacts
- Nearby Rocky Mount Hospitals
- Find a Local Pharmacy on RxList - Rocky Mount
Rocky Mount Doctors and Specialists for Hurricane Preparedness
Hurricane Preparedness
Introduction to preparing for a hurricane
All Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coastal areas are subject to hurricanes. A reliable estimate of expected annual property loss due to hurricanes is $5 billion. The Atlantic hurricane season lasts ...
Other Related Hurricane Preparedness Articles
Emergency Contact for Rocky Mount
- In case of Emergency, call 911
Nearby Rocky Mount Hospitals results
- 1Lifecare Hospital
1051 Noell Ln
Rocky Mount, North Carolina 27804
(252) 451-230
- 2Nash General Hospital
2460 Curtis Ellis Dr
Rocky Mount, North Carolina 27804
(252) 443-800
- 3Coastal Plain Hospital
2301 Medpark Dr
Rocky Mount, North Carolina 27804
(252) 443-950
- 4Vidant Edgecombe Hospital
111 Hospital Dr
Rocky Mount, North Carolina 27886
(252) 641-770
- 5Wilson Medical Center
1705 Tarboro St SW
Rocky Mount, North Carolina 27893
(252) 399-804
- 6Our Community Hospital
921 Jr High School Rd
Rocky Mount, North Carolina 27874
(252) 826-414
- 7Franklin Regional Medical Ctr
100 Hospital Dr
Rocky Mount, North Carolina 27549
(919) 496-513
- 8WB Jones Alcohol & Drug Abuse
2577 W 5th St
Rocky Mount, North Carolina 27834
(252) 830-342
- 9Vidant Medical Center
2100 Stantonsburg Rd
Rocky Mount, North Carolina 27834
(252) 847-410
- 10Halifax Regional Medical Center
250 Smith Church Rd
Rocky Mount, North Carolina 27870
(252) 535-801
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text:
It's been a whirlwind week, for the blog and (especially) for me, personally.
I had surgery on Tuesday. A gym-class injury I sustained in January 1989 caught up with me. Several front teeth were horribly displaced, and it took a lot of work to save them and get them back to where they're supposed to be, including two years of braces. Ultimately I needed root canals in three of them (two in 1993 and another in 1997), but that allowed me to lead a normal life. But more recently, the tooth most severely injured started failing. I got several opinions, and all said it needed to come out. So that, along with a bone graft, a gum graft, and a temporary implant, all happened Tuesday.
Not knowing what I'd be up to doing after the procedure, I wrote a bunch of material in advance.


text:
From Our Editors
PGA member Stan Moore adheres to a four-pronged approach to teaching the game of golf: better contact, more power, ball control, and proper practice techniques. Instruction ranges from private coaching to junior programs, as well as lessons focused on individual facets of the game, such as the Three-Club Tour school. This two-student clinic focuses on three crucial aspects of the game—driving the ball, chipping and pitching, and putting—that can constitute for as much as 85% of a player's round and 40% of free self-defense lessons.


text:
She wanted to swim far out, where no woman had swum before.
Condemned as "sordid" and "immoral" on its publication in 1899, this story of a woman trapped in her marriage effectively ended Chopin's career but was revived as a proto-feminist classic in the 1970s. What Newsweek calls Chopin's "prophetic psychology" insures its timeliness today.
The Art of The Novella Series
Too short to be a novel, too long to be a short story, the novella is generally unrecognized by academics and publishers. Nonetheless, it is a form beloved and practiced by literature's greatest writers. In the Art Of The Novella series, Melville House celebrates this renegade art form and its practitioners with titles that are, in many instances, presented in book form for the first time.
About the Author
Kate Chopin was born in St. Louis, Missouri, In 1851. She began writing shortly after her Husband's death and, from 1889 until her own Death, her stories and other miscellaneous Writings appeared in "Vogue, Youth's companion, Atlantic Monthly, Century, Saturday Evening Post, " and other publications. In addition to "The Awakening, "Mrs. Chopin published another novel, "At Fault, " and two collections of short stories and sketches, "Bayou Folk" and "A Night at Acadie." The publication of "The Awakening" in 1899 occasioned shocked and angry response from reviewers all over the country. The book was taken off the shelves of the St. Louis mercantile library and its author was barred from the fine arts club. Kate Chopin died in 1904.
Praise For…
"I wanted them all, even those I'd already read."
—Ron Rosenbaum, The New York Observer
"Small wonders."
—Time Out London
"[F]irst-rate…astutely selected and attractively packaged…indisputably great works."
—Adam Begley, The New York Observer
"I've always been haunted by Bartleby, the proto-slacker. But it's the handsomely minimalist cover of the Melville House edition that gets me here, one of many in the small publisher's fine 'Art of the Novella' series."
—The New Yorker
"The Art of the Novella series is sort of an anti-Kindle. What these singular, distinctive titles celebrate is book-ness. They're slim enough to be portable but showy enough to be conspicuously consumed—tiny little objects that demand to be loved for the commodities they are."
—KQED (NPR San Francisco)
"Some like it short, and if you're one of them, Melville House, an independent publisher based in Brooklyn, has a line of books for you... elegant-looking paperback editions ...a good read in a small package."
—The Wall Street Journal


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text: Radian Group Content on this page requires a newer version of Adobe Flash Player. Radian Group ( RDN), through its subsidiaries and affiliates, provides credit-related insurance coverage and financial services to mortgage lenders and other financial institutions. This stock is trading up 6.9% to $5.04 in recent trading. Today's Range: $4.71-$5.09 52-Week Range: $1.91-$4.96 Volume: 4.2 million Three-Month Average Volume: 3.8 million >>5 Big Trades From the Financial Sector From a technical perspective, RDN is trending up here with above-average volume. This move has started to push RDN into breakout territory, since the stock has taken out some near-term overhead resistance levels at $4.84 to $4.96. Traders should now look for long-biased trades in RDN as long as its trending above today's low of $4.70 with strong upside volume flows. I would consider any upside volume day that hits near or above 3.8 million shares as bullish. If RDN can sustain that trend, then this stock will setup to re-test or possibly take out its next major overhead resistance levels at $6 to $7. Prev 2 of 5 Next


text:
Separate names with a comma.
We're hoping it's just the Metal Event. We'll see in a day I guess.
Yes ma'am. I post from all the computers in this house, my wife's iPad and my iPhone.
This Forum also has a "Forgot your Password?" option.
Hey dizdizdizzy, can you do me a favour? Stop sending me gems. Cheers.
An apology to the members of this thread
Hey folks. I want to apologise that this thread was closed down for 4 hours in part due to my actions...
Lichen + Storm in the EBI gives you best shot at about 1 in 3 chance. But there is also a reasonable chance of Sun/Moon as well, so GL.
Storm +...
I don't know what happened to my first reply, but no, there is no need to grab a pure Plant dragon. You just need to keep breeding. GL.
It is a plan for the long term to be sure. But ask anyone who achieved it how satisfying it was when they got their first. The Shrine Grind is...
Okay going to save up for the 6th island and start thinking about setting up this decorating contest for real. I do appreciate all those that said...
^ Pleasure.
Congrats. Could be any of the rares.
Oh, of course.
Long winded explanation to follow. Skip to the bottom if you simply want to know what you should do next.
Well, you're very luck...
You need to breed Storm with Plant/Plant Hybrid. So Lichen + Storm is a good bet.
I think his last sentence expressed a joke, but that's just me.
There is no Metal element.
But yes, testing something like this is on my list of things to do. I want to see if the % of getting rares changes...
Is that how many you have or how many you need? Are you going for Silver or Gold? And are the others done? Even Metal?
And now I'm really keen for Poppy's new forum/thread.
I don't think he said he was "afraid".
Oh yeah you can say Political or Religious things once ... you just can't have a discussion about them.
I dunno. I think they look pretty cute bouncing around in circles.
Thank you. It's a FOY Level 10 baby. I had time to do that while my 3rd one was in the hatchery.
Like you could ever be a pain.
47 Lightning
24 Fire
46 Plant
26 Earth
48 Cold
50 Metal
46 Bloom leaves you with
1 Lightning
24 Fire
26 Earth
There is no way (yet) of getting a Juvenile looking Dragon that is earning above Level 6.
FOY babies do keep getting slightly bigger each level...
New Arrivals at E'lys Island
A mere 60 hours since their discovery, 3 Bloom Dragons have been imported into Islas de Fletch Dragoon and have...
Hey I just thought of something I could do with with a 6th Island. And by "thought of" I mean remembered something said much earlier in this...
Then it is incorrect. Do you have a link to it?
Thank you so much. I couldn't quite shuffle the habitats around to have the portal ringed by white marble, but I'm generally pretty happy with it....
You too, sweetheart. :)
It does. The main thing is that you don't need to think about having access to 2 caves for breeding money again, as you will be using it to breed...
Welcome back.
Just a reminder you owe a Gem in the Easter Dragon competition. You can check out who you owe in the first post at...
This is incorrect. They both only have Cold and Lightning in them. Sun Dragons are made when they are put in the breeding cave between 7am and...
When you put a pair of Dragons in the breeding cave, information is sent back to BFS servers that do the calculations and randomise what dragon...
We're hoping it will be around for a while.
Did that on my test account and while it did slow things down a little it wasn't overly noticeable. But I'm assuming more animated decorations...
Thinking about it, sir. Just not sure what to do with it as I don't have more habitats. I could spread things out a bit, but I'm trying to think...
Not responding is the same as condoning the words, quite frankly. There's a saying which touches on this about Evil succeeding because Good people...
Yes ma'am. That is correct. 11 Pans + 46 Mags would be 57 Dragons with a breed time of 580 hours or 24 Days.
11 Chrome, 11 Iron, 11 Rust + 13...
So ..
8 Air
7 Earth
8 Water
2 Fire
36 Plant
29 Lightning
42 Metal
37 Cold
169 Elements Hmm ... if we get rid of the stragglers with 8 Chrome, 7...
My dear, no-one is falling out with anyone over this. I have good feelings towards each and everyone at this forum, and I can certainly separate a...


text:
To gain a better understanding, I think it would be great to watch every video available on the net. For me, training videos became sort of entertaining. I love them! And at the same time, it's the most productive form of "watching movies".
Unfortunately, I tend to find videos from conferences or podcasts only by accident, so maybe you have a handy list of links to great ressources which you want to share with us.
Many universities around the world publish session videos in local languages. Also, there are dozens of conferences around the world with great session videos, some of them free.
This list should compensate for all those who didn't get the chance to visit WWDC. Therefore, guys, let's create a handy list to fill the gaps for everyone!
This is community wiki, so just list them all! I'll start with:
Please don't hesitate to post links to videos in other languages than English. Many of us speak more languages, so go ahead! We'll be excited!
Support this list! To collect as many valuable links as possible, this list needs your help! Please link it in your profile like I did, for example. The more people see this, the greater the chance for more great links!


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GoodThis used to be my favorite flavor, but it no longer comes in my strength (36) with the juice. I would prefer to not get the pre-filled carts as they just don't last as long...great flavor though!
Love it!Tried it first in a carto & had to get the liquid. Perfect blend, love it!
A FavoriteThis is one of my favorite flavors. I generally like the liquor and coffee flavors best.
WowClouds of Vapor! Excellent throat hit with a creamy after taste. Being a menthol vaporer, this juice has a hint of mint to it. I add a few extra drops of Wowboy menthol to the carts for an even more "minty" experience. YUM! Highly Recommended!
somebody forgot the "creme"I I am very disappointed. The "Irish" is the only taste I get. I mixed 10 ml of it to 20ml French vanilla ice cream and it is still over powering. I will NOT order it again. If you like Irish Whiskey give it a try...
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