text:
CoffeeCup Free FTP tool
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CoffeeCup Free FTP is a fast, no-frills FTP program that makes it easy to drag and drop files to and from your Website. It supports multiple server profiles, resumes broken uploads and downloads, and can transfer files in binary, ASCII, or auto-mode. Free FTP works with any server and is so easy to set up. Just enter your username and password and click Connect. Free FTP remembers your server information, so reconnecting to your site is a snap.
Free download from Shareware Connection - CoffeeCup Free FTP is a fast, no-frills FTP program that makes it easy to drag and drop files to and from your Website. It supports multiple server profiles, resumes broken uploads and downloads, and can transfer files in binary, ASCII, or auto-mode
Version: 184.108.40.206 | Size: 4501 KB | Platform: Win2000, Win7 x32, Win7 x64, WinOther, WinVista, WinVista x64
Released Date: 24-01-2012 | Rating: 5 | Title: CoffeeCup Free FTP tool
Author Url: http://www.coffeecup.com/
Program Info Url: http://www.coffeecup.com/free-ftp/
Download Url: http://www.coffeecup.com/free-ftp/CoffeeFreeFTPInstaller4.5.exe
Screenshot Url: http://www.coffeecup.com/images/software/screenshots/free-ftp_4.3_win_en_free-ftp68large.jpg
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text:
President Jacob Zuma has tried to play down the effect of labour unrest on the economy but managed to trigger a nearly 3% plunge in the rand.
South Africa's labour laws have their pros and cons, but who do the tough legislations ultimately protect?
The growing divide between the ANC and the "born frees" may present a concern for the ruling party when the 2019 presidential election comes around.
Soccer body Safa has reinstated its chief and four other leading officials suspended over a match fixing scandal involving the national team.
Africa's rhinos and elephants have been poached in near record numbers in 2012, with surging demand for horn and ivory driving the slaughter.
A record number of rhinos have been poached in South Africa this year as rising demand in Asia for their horns led to a massive upswell in killings.
The former head of the ANC Youth League, Fikile Mbalula, is beating a path that may lead right to the top using sport to help unite a nation.
About 150 000 SA coal workers seeking 14% wage increases plan to walk off the job from Sunday in a strike that could hurt power supplies.
Labour protests sweeping South Africa are stoking worries about inflation and dealing blows to the long-term prospects of the country's economy.
Fuel shortages, icy rain and power failures are hampering Japan's worst humanitarian crisis since World War II, but workers are reporting progress.
Japan may build robots to run marathons and preside over weddings, but it has not deployed any of the machines to help repair its crippled reactors.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
, Volume 165, Issue 1, pp 29-47
First online:
Emerging from the causal drain
- Richard CorryAffiliated withSchool of Philosophy, University of Tasmania Email author
Rent the article at a discountRent now
* Final gross prices may vary according to local VAT.Get Access
For over 20 years, Jaegwon Kim's Causal Exclusion Argument has stood as the major hurdle for non-reductive physicalism. If successful, Kim's argument would show that the high-level properties posited by non-reductive physicalists must either be identical with lower-level physical properties, or else must be causally inert. The most prominent objection to the Causal Exclusion Argument—the so-called Overdetermination Objection—points out that there are some notions of causation that are left untouched by the argument. If causation is simply counterfactual dependence, for example, then the Causal Exclusion Argument fails. Thus, much of the existing debate turns on the issue of which account of causation is appropriate. In this paper, however, I take a bolder approach and argue that Kim's preferred version of the Causal Exclusion Argument fails no matter what account one gives of causation. Any notion of causation that is strong enough to support the premises of the argument is too strong to play the role required in the logic of the argument. I also consider a second version of the Causal Exclusion Argument, and suggest that although it may avoid the problems of the first version, it begs the question against a particular form of non-reductive physicalism, namely emergentism.
KeywordsJaegwon Kim Non-reductive physicalism Causal Exclusion Supervenience Emergence Causation
Reference tools
- Title
- Emerging from the causal drain
- Journal
Philosophical Studies
Volume 165, Issue 1 , pp 29-47
- Cover Date
- 2013-08
- 10.1007/s11098-012-9918-3
- Print ISSN
- 0031-8116
- Online ISSN
- 1573-0883
- Publisher
- Springer Netherlands
- Additional Links
- Topics
- Keywords
- Jaegwon Kim
- Non-reductive physicalism
- Causal Exclusion
- Supervenience
- Emergence
- Causation
- Industry Sectors
- Authors
- Richard Corry (1)
- Author Affiliations
- 1. School of Philosophy, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 41, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia


text:
Released: Jan 02nd, 2008
Running Time: 108 Min.
Director: Manuel Suave
Company: Street Corner Studios
Cast: Eduardo (I), Alan Black, Roger (II)
Critical Rating: AAAA
Genre: Gay Specialty
Leave it to the Brazilians to make an all-bareback production that looks like a picture postcard, shot with rich, deep colors and in widescreen HD. Of course, the men are as spectacular as the beach they fuck raw on, with muscles, handsome faces, and oversized dicks slamming into open, waiting bubble butts in every scene. Some of the cum-shots almost make it into cream pie territory, and the live sound is amazingly vivid.
RETAILING: One of the most beautiful bareback productions you're ever likely to see, with HD photography capturing the hot men and the scenery beautifully.
-Tyler Dunn


text:
Within Biology, there are some biological terms that differ in spelling between the British English and American English dictionaries. For example, oestrogen and oesophagus, as well as the word oestriol are all spelled differently in British English dictionaries. Is there anything in particular that makes this so?
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The word oestrogen comes from the Latin word oestrus, and oesophagus is a Latin word as well.
The oe spelling in Latin originally represented a diphthong [oj] ("oy"), but then later (in Latin) became a long vowel [ee]. When we borrowed such words into English, it was pronounced more like [i], [e], or [ɛ] (depending on the word), following English pronunciation rules.
And since we pronounce them like "estrogen" and "esophagus", the US English spelling was changed to reflect the English pronunciation more closely, by dropping the o. In British English, the connection to the original Latin spelling was retained.
(Something similar to this happened with, e.g., encyclopaedia (British) / encyclopedia (US).)
The person most credited with these systematic changes in American spelling is Noah Webster. He developed and published the first complete American English dictionary about 200 years ago. He was a believer in spelling according to sound and consequently removed a number of silent letters. He also changed "s" to "z" in certain words (realise" to "realize" e.g.) And finally, he changed the "-re" ending found in French-derived nouns to "-er". ("theatre"-"theater")
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text:
have stayed at this hotel on meny occasion from 2000 staff very plesent rooms spotless clean towls asnd maid service every day food very good getting better every time i go back. entertainment at night they try to please all ages. pool good size pool bar food good also. only downfall is the sun beds backs dont lift up but by a lilo put it on top cheeper than 4.50 euro each day for bed at beach umbos same price.
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New Student Research
Julie Lowenstein, Yale College Class of 2016
written for Professor Wai Chee Dimock's Spring 2013, English 012b
Literary Cities: New York, Chicago, San Francisco
Racialized Blindness in Native Son
An excerpt: "Bigger Thomas's story represents a key development in black American literature. Its profound impact is illustrated by letters written by readers to Richard Wright, which are now housed in the Beinecke Rare Books and Manuscripts Library. This essay analyzes racialized blindness in both the black and white communities in Native Son by comparing the racial attitudes observed in the book with those expressed by readers in their mail to Wright."
Read the whole essay: Lowenstein--Racialized Blindness in Native Son
Beinecke Collections consulted: Richard Wright Papers, JWJ MSS 3
Photograph: Richard Wright, photographed by Carl Van Vechten (used with the permission of the Van Vechten Trust; the permission of the Trust is required to reprint or use Van Vechten photographs in any way. To contact the Trust email: Van Vechten Trust.)
Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library
121 Wall Street | New Haven, CT 06511
Campus Map
Tel: (203) 432-2977 Fax: (203) 432-4047
USPS: Mailing Address and Information
email: Ask a Librarian
The exhibition gallery is closed while the library's building is under renovation.
Temporary Reading Room Hours
Monday - Friday: 9 am to 4:45 pm
The temporary reading room is located in Yale's Sterling Memorial Library, across Wall Street from the Beinecke.
Beginnig September 6, 2016 our hours will be
Monday 10 a.m. to 7 p.m.
Tuesday-Thursday 9 a.m. to 7 p.m.
Friday 9 a.m. to 5


text:
Any I idea I keep getting block, this is messgage:
Attack details follow :
- Variable 'content' of the POST method triggered the filter 'JavaScript location/document property access and window access obfuscation' for the content '
Upcoming Event in the Next 10 days

[events events=10 days=11 listtype=1 cat=9 startoffset=0]
[events events=10 days=7 listtype=1 cat=7 startoffset=0]'.
This is clearly the code from the page I'm developing, using amr event list. I use similar in other pages and widget without problem.


text:
ODT Online
ODT /directory
The 32 players from the Mosgiel band placed third in the
C-grade section of the street march.
Mosgiel Brass musical director Philip Craigie, who has been
with the band for 25 years, said they had made great
''We thought we played well. We were fairly happy with the
way it went,'' Mr Craigie said.
An estimated 1000 musicians from 26 bands were in
Invercargill for the nationals, which began on Wednesday and
finished on Saturday.
Thousands lined Kelvin St in the central city to watch 24
bands march past.
The bands were judged on their appearance, marching skills
and musicianship on the move.
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West Coast, Queenstown Times - Queenstown, Mountain Scene -
Queenstown, The Oamaru Mail - Oamaru, The
Greymouth Star - Greymouth, Hokitika Guardian - Hokitika,
West Coast Messenger - West Coast, The Ashburton Courier -
Ashburton, The News - North Canterbury, Extra! schools
publication, Property
Times South Canterbury


text:
You are missing some Flash content that should appear here! Perhaps your browser cannot display it, or maybe it did not initialize correctly.
Is anybody actually making money in the beef industry right now?
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Western Farm Press
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Lena "Mae" Ketter, 99, of Holton and formerly of Wetmore and Meriden died Saturday at a care home in Topeka.
This page and other exclusive local content require a subscription.
Terms of Service | Privacy Policy | The Manhattan Mercury, 318 North 5th Street, Manhattan, Kansas, 66502 | Copyright 2012
Reproduction of any kind is prohibited without written consent.


text:
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- 34What USB 3.0 functionality does Intel's iusb3mon monitor?
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- 14Android ICS : JNI error attempt to use stale local reference 0x1
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text: Close French Open: Day 11 0 0 More 0 0 0 View Gallery Next Previous Next Heinz Kluetmeier/SI No. 2 Rafael Nadal beat No. 23 Carlos Moya 6-4, 6-3, 6-0 in the quarterfinals. Nadal will face Novak Djokovic in the semifinals as he seeks his third straight French Open title. 1|6 Heinz Kluetmeier/SI "He's the best player in the world on this surface," No. 6 Novak Djokovic said of Nadal, whom he will face in the semis. Nadal is 19-0 in his career at the French Open and has not dropped a set in the tournament this year. 2|6 Jessica Kluetmeier/SI Carlos Moya, the 1998 champion, was unhappy with his play as he had difficulty attacking Nadal and made mistakes with his backhand. 3|6 Jessica Kluetmeier/SI With a straight set victory over Igor Andreev, Novak Djokovic advanced to the semifinals of the French open where he will meet second-seeded Rafael Nadal. 4|6 Heinz Kluetmeier/SI Twenty-year-old Novak Djokovic is 1-3 all-time against his French Open semifinal opponent, Rafael Nadal, but Djokovic's one win came during their most recent meeting. 5|6 Heinz Kluetmeier/SI After a strong run through the first three rounds of the French Open, 125th-ranked Igor Andreev bowed out in the quarterfinals, losing in straight sets, 6-3, 6-3, 6-3 to Novak Djokovic. 6|6 Next up Racing Bill France Jr. is named the second president of NASCAR, replacing his father as the head of stock car racing's premier organization. Just 38 years old, France had been the vice president of NASCAR for six years before his appointment, but that didn't stop skeptical observers from questioning whether the smaller, more even-tempered son of NASCAR's famous founder could get the job done. Turns out he could, pushing forward an ambitious agenda that lifted the sport into the national consciousness over his 28 years at the helm. 10 Bill France Jr.'s Greatest Accomplishments June 6, 2007 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 More Recommended Galleries Tennis 100 Wimbledon 2016 Top 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 More Tennis 40 Wimbledon 2016 men's final 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 More Tennis 40 Wimbledon 2016 women's final 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 More


text:
When we arrived, the woman who I think was the owner was dealing with an unpleasant guest who was complaining about the size of their room. She was trying her hardest to help resolve his issue but he was inconsolable. When it came to our turn to check in, she was visibly frustrated and looked at us as though we were just going to be another annoying American couple for her to deal with. She rolled her eyes and asked if she could help us. We replied in French and said that we were there to check in. Her demeanor changed and she became warm and welcoming and willing to do anything in her power to make us at home. She spoke English and apologized for the previous guest then took us to our room which was upgraded at no additional charge. It was still small but big enough for us to be comfortable in. We had a queen bed and a balcony with a small table and 2 chairs to gaze out at the water. Just beautiful.
The food at the restaurant was spectacular. Everything was amazing. The chef even gave us his friend's name in Antibes where we could go and buy foie gras to take home with us. We visited his store and he spoke no English but when we told him Chef Christophe sent us, he jumped out from behind the counter and helped us spend quite a lot of money in his store. To say thank you for our purchase, he even threw in a few freebies which we took back to the hotel and gave to the chef and our amazing waitress to share between them. Oh I wish I could remember her name. She was so so good to us. Everyone was.
Lazy Americans Everywhere - You don't have to be fluent but you do have to try. When travelling to a foreign country, it pays to try to learn and appreciate the culture you are visiting. We studied French for several months before taking our 3 week long trip around France and it paid off everywhere we went. French people are extremely friendly and accommodating if you don't give them a reason not to be (double negative but it's perfectly true).
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- HOTEL ON THE WATER ALL THE ROOMS FACING THE SEA 2 SWIMMING POOL (OUTSIDE and INSIDE) ... more less
- Also Known As:
- La Baie Doree Hotel Antibes
- La Baie Dore Antibes


text:
City We'd Love to Stop Writing This Story.
posted by December 12 at 17:22 PMon
Jonah Spangenthal-Lee has a story in today's paper about alleged police misconduct against young African American men in North Seattle.
I'd like to say it's an alarming story, but unfortunately, you've heard the basics before: Cop sees black man; black man gets "uppity;" cops beat the shit out of black man; black man turns out not to have committed a crime. (In this week's installment, cops chase black man into his house and taser him).
Again, I'd like to say it's an alarming story, but Jonah has already filed several similar stories this year.
Here. Here. Here. Here. And here.
Mike Carter at The Seattle Times has also written stories like this. Here. Here. And here.
Indeed, when it comes to police accountability, it's been a bummer year.
But the public outcry and resulting attention that the issue got last June quickly fell away after Mayor Nickels announced he supported the chief and was putting together a panel to look at the problem.
(Coincidentally, the next time the cops showed up in the news was in September after they raided clubs and shocked city council members by possibly, and sloppily, violating the civil rights of those arrested.)
It is inexcusable that there isn't more urgency in this city, on the council, in the press, in the public, to get to the bottom of the problem with police misconduct.
Personally, I don't think it's about forcing Chief Gil Kerlikowske to resign. I think it's about finding a real way to hold officers accountable. Certainly, an aspect of holding officers accountable is by holding a hammer over the cheif, but firing Kerlikowske won't accomplish long term accountability.
There will be two new city council members in JanuaryTim Burgess (a former cop) and Bruce Harrell (an attorney who says he's about public accountability). I interviewed both men during our endorsement process and came away discouraged with how both men fielded the police accountability question. Burgess was certainly more engaged in the issue and promised to tackle it, but he was reluctant to get behind legislation that would strengthen council oversight on the chief. Harrell was vague on policy and seemed like a blue ribbon panel type guy.
This issue is a big deal. : ) And if I may step away from the trendy Seattle liberal point of view (which, apologizing for raising its voice, goes out of its way to say police are good people and this is just a few bad apples), I'm starting to think it's not just about "bad apples."
Evidence is mounting that there is a problem with the system and the culture that apparently allows police to get away with off-the-charts behavior (again, read Jonah's story). As a result, more and more officers are getting caughtor at least sued.
Cops work hard and have uniquely demanding jobs. So, I understand why they get their backs up when they are criticized.
But it's time to stop with the "few bad apples" rap. That point of view pretends their isn't a larger problem. Problem: We have a system that doesn't allow the publicor our representatives on the councilto play a role in holding public servants accountable. That set up doesn't simply empower and protect bad apples, it also creates a culture at large that can breed delinquent behavior.
Anyone heard from Nickels panel lately?


text:
rainy afternoon by stephanieleighhWatch
©2013-2016 stephanieleighh
Been raining all week pretty much and I can't say I mind all the much
I like this shot. The focus on the bottom of the photo and the person walking with the umbrella.
this is amazing
Sweet shot Steph!
Is this Philadelphia?
Beautiful shot!


text:
A Georgia man has made his first appearance in federal court on
charges related to a sex trafficking ring prosecutors say he operated out of the Atlanta area.
Prosecutors say 37-year-old Soloman Manasseh Mustafa of Stone
Mountain and 24-year-old Kalandra Annette Wallace of Jonesboro used websites like Craigslist and Backpage to recruit young women to force them into prostitution.
They were indicted by a grand jury last week.
Mustafa also faces charges of child pornography and attempting
to have sex with a minor.
Mustafa pleaded not guilty Wednesday.
An initial court appearance has not been scheduled for Wallace.
Prosecutors say they physically assaulted the young women,
prevented them from leaving and forced them to perform sex acts.
In some cases victims were brought to Alabama and North Carolina
for sex.


text:
Benn, Eubank, Watson, Collins v Ward? Who has the best chance to upset SOG?
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Re: Benn, Eubank, Watson, Collins v Ward? Who has the best chance to upset SOG?
I dont understand why people give so much significance to a fighters chin. Many fighters with great chins have been knocked down, but some even needed that to get the fire going in the fight. Wounded animals sort of thing. I think people should start to give "retaliation" more significance, it doesnt matter if you get knocked down (unless of course it means your down for 10 and lose the fight) what matters is how you come back and win the fight. Fighters that get knocked unconscious, that isn't 100% to do with the chin. Its mainly to do with the ability and vision to see that oncoming punch and be able to prepare for it. It tends to be a second of carelessness or recklessness that sees these sort of knockdowns occur. This multiplies the effect of the punch and the immediate reaction it has to the brain.
Hence the reason we have seen some wonderful punches thrown from Russia to the UK seemingly have no effect on the recipient. Purely because they had distance away and saw the punch coming.
The ones you dont see coming, are the ones that send you to sleep or give you serious chicken legs for a longer duration. Which leads to a longer needed period of recovery whilst receiving more punches in the process if your still "standing" that is.
How has that got everything to do with an Amir Khan like-chin? If you dont see the punch or prepare for it, its not got a lot to do with the chin. Fighters with the best so called "chin", tend to be fighters that dont get hit in that way at any time in a fight, they make sure they see the oncoming punches.
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text:
Norfolk signs Pelley to tryout
The Norfolk Admirals have signed forward Rod Pelley to a professional tryout contract, assistant general manager Bob Ferguson announced today.
Pelley, 5-foot-11, 200-pounds, is a veteran of 407 career professional games. In 256 career NHL games between the Anaheim Ducks and New Jersey Devils, Pelley has scored nine goals and 29 points with 102 penalty minutes. Last season, Pelley was acquired by Anaheim along with Mark Fraser and a seventh-round draft pick in the 2012 NHL Entry Draft from New Jersey in exchange for Kurtis Foster and Timo Pielmeier.
In 52 games between the Ducks and Devils in 2011-12, Pelley posted two goals and three points with 16 penalty minutes.
A 28-year-old native of Kitimat, B.C., Pelley established a career high by appearing in 74 games in 2010-11 with New Jersey. He scored three goals and 10 points in 2010-11, matching a career high in points and establishing a season best in goals.
Pelley last played in the American Hockey League in 2008-09 with the Lowell Devils. In 151 career AHL games over three seasons with Lowell, Pelley accumulated 34 goals and 70 points with 131 penalty minutes.
New Jersey signed Pelley as a free agent on July 17, 2006.
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- Lipon never strayed too far from home
- Stolarz looking to make another step forward
- Reid Cashman named Bears' assistant coach
- Syracuse signs Adam Comrie
- Sydor, Tkaczuk join Wolves coaching staff
- Columbus signs Broadhurst, Tynan, Harrington


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|Ichirô Araki
|Toyoaki Nakamura
|Kazuko Tajima
|Mayuko Fujiwara
|Jûzô Itami
|Ôtake (as Ichizô Itami)
|Akiko Koyama
|Takako Tanigawa
|Koji Iwabuchi
|Hideo Uede (as Kôji Iwabuchi)
|Kazuyoshi Kushida
|Katsumi Hiroi (as Kazumi Kushida)
|Hiroshi Satô
|Kôji Maruyama
|Nobuko Miyamoto
|Sanae Satomi
|Hiroko Masuda
|Satoko Ikeda
|Hideko Yoshida
|Sachiko Kaneda
Directed by
|Nagisa Ôshima
Writing credits
|Tomomichi Soeda
|Tsutomu Tamura
|(screenplay) &
|Mamoru Sasaki
|(screenplay) &
|Toshio Tajima
|(screenplay) &
|Nagisa Ôshima
Produced by
|Masayuki Nakajima
Original Music by
|Hikaru Hayashi
Cinematography by
|Akira Takada
Film Editing by
|Keiichi Uraoka
Set Decoration by
|Jusho Toda
Second Unit Director or Assistant Director
|Osamu Yasui
|assistant director
Sound Department
|Hideo Nishizaki
Camera and Electrical Department
|Yasuhiro Yoshioka
|still photographer
Other crew
|Takuji Yamaguchi
|production assistant
I'm slowly suspecting that music will continue to play a large part in
the festival films presented, as thus far we got treated to the jazzy
tunes in Good for Nothing, the punk rock Fish Story (still a earworm),
and now a slew of Japanese folk songs with some recognizable Western
evergreens peppering the soundtrack of Sing a Song of Sex, which is
also known by its other title Treatise on Japanese Bawdy Songs, and boy
are they bawdy when left to the devices of the singer to improvise.
Directed by Nagisa Oshima outside of the studio system, Sing a Song of Sex as the name implies has as a chief plot element a number of bawdy songs, as explained by Otake (Juzo Itami) to be an outlet for expression by the oppressed masses who have no other avenue to describe their misery, other than to sing about the pleasures of sex and desire, although a number of the lyrics tell of stories about the poor and the things they have to resort to for a living. It's quite clear that Oshima crafted a pointed commentary of society at the time (since he's largely involved in various student demonstrations), through the discussions between Otake and his group of co-ed students as they bar hop after the student examinations, the girls truly being enamoured by their handsome teacher, while the boys just tagging along because of their fantasy in bedding some, if not all, of their female schoolmates.
Like Good for Nothing, these four male students do seem like the usual teenage idle bunch, perhaps so because the examinations are just over, and they're looking for some sort of release and letting their hair down, one of which is to hit the town painting it red, and spend time watching the latest pinku film. Why not, for all hot blooded males, that the topic of sex will pop up inevitably when they talk crap and thrash talk about women and their individual sexual fantasies, that ironically, they do not know how to act around one, especially when they start boasting about what they intend to do with the school flower Fujiwara (Kazuko Tajima) whom they all call "469" based on her examination hall seating assignment.
And the way Oshima had presented this lustful desire had a ring of Nolan's Inception to it, that it deals with a shared fantasy dreamscape where all of them exist and can bear witness to one another's actions in his realm, but instead of falling into deep sleep and needing a kick to wake up, here it goes a one up in being able to do while day-dreaming, therein eliminating the risk of falling into limbo. Of course there's no idea to be planted, only idle boasts of what they're capable of which will have its bluff called later on in the film. This section of the film was one of my favourites for its conceptual execution, but the subject matter will surely disturb.
Like the films from the 60s I've seen thus far, the cinematography and the landscapes are quite the sight to behold, especially those wide shots of a wintry landscape, and the few scenes of the downtown city and subway which seem quite quaintly familiar. We follow the four friends, of whom the leader of the pack Nakamura (Ichiro Araki) stands out for having more to do in the film, and responsible for the death of Otake due to his inaction, a preventable death by a silly mistake on Otake's part if you will, but with irresponsible youths, there's always no due consideration where their actions or inactions will take them in the future.
The second half of the film splits its narrative into two tangents, leading up to the realm of the strange. In the first, we follow Nakamura to the home of Otake's sweetheart Tanigawa (Akiko Koyama)where Nakamura is contemplating how to break the news of his responsibility to her, and it becomes a guilt trip enactment of what happened. The second follows the rest of his friends as they seek out Fujiwara at an anti-Vietnam war movement, also to apologize to her for their virtual violation, but get sort of involved and caught up in the song-singing rallying of the students, and when both threads merge for the finale, it's one really warped mix of lust and desire against a quick folktale history of that between Korea and Japan, taking place inside a pyramid shaped building.
Far out. Hoi hoi!
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I have set up WooCommerce to sell a digital download product and a physical product.
The only way I can get a link to the digital download is to manually process the order and then the link is sent via email.
I have followed online instructions, and I can't figure out what I am doing wrong.
I have checked simple product, virtual and downloadable
I have settings to Force Downloads
and checked
Grant Access to downloadable products after payment.
Any suggestions are appreciated!


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Immigration and Border Enforcement
Immigration policy experts talked about the Obama administration's immigration and border enforcement record, focusing on the potential for congressional action on immigration…421 views
Immigration policy experts talked about the Obama administration's immigration and border enforcement record, focusing on the potential for congressional action on immigration…421 views
Economists, authors, and immigration advocates talked about the economic effects of naturalization. Topics included the difficulties of the naturalization process and why millions of…115 views
Panelists talked about the bipartisan effort to pass immigration legislation, focusing on the Senate's "gang-of-eight" bill. They spoke about several challenges…68 views
Witnesses testified at the second in a series of Senate Judiciary Committee hearings on immigration reform. Topics included visa waiver programs, family reunification, and immigration…604 views
Latino leaders and scholars talked about the impact of Latino voters on the 2012 presidential election, and the issues that influenced their votes. The November 2012 election had a…342 views
Authors, political scientists, and sociologists talked about the issues that divide and separate Americans. Topics debated include immigration, poverty, and race. Former Supreme…944 views
State attorneys general and former U.S. immigration officials participated in a discussion on state immigration laws. This program was part of the eighth annual Immigration Law and Policy…769 views
Officials and representatives of advocacy groups spoke about Arizona's immigration law, potential challenges to the law, and enforcement measures contemplated by state…1,226 views
Tamar Jacoby spoke about the Obama administration and immigration reform. She advocated a "legalization only" approach to reform. She responded to telephone calls and…137 views


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DenimBlog.com › Blog › Celebs in Jeans › Celebs in Denim: JoJo in DKNY
We would like to thank the following sponsors who support us in bringing you all the celebrity denim news you love.
Celebs in Denim: JoJo in DKNY
Singer JoJo (Levesque) wears DKNY? Wow! It never ceases to shock me when I find celebs wearing moderately priced clothing. But denim? That doesn't happen too often does it? I think she looks good though.
On another note, All I Want Is Everything will be her 3rd album. The album will be released in February, 2009 & will feature production from Danja, J. R. Rotem, Toby Gad and others.
images via celebutopia.net
6 responses to "Celebs in Denim: JoJo in DKNY"
Hmm…I'm curious to see more of those panties peeking out 😉
Ha Ha LOL @ Ben
WOAH look at those hips/waist daaaaaaaaannnng ……puberty
she looks cute 🙂 i love grey jeans.
She needs to invest in some itty bitty panties.


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Pay now, save later
Two years ago, my husband and I kept our remodeling budget down by repairing the plaster walls in our dining room ourselves and stripping and painting all the millwork. But we were torn over what to do with the ceiling. The acoustical tiles surely concealed badly failing plaster, but we feared the time, cost, and mess of pulling it down. We compromised with a fresh coat of paint. It bothered us daily. So recently, when we hired a plasterer for some other work, we asked him to do the ceiling, too. Unfortunately, his repairs meant all new carpentry and paint touch-ups where the ceiling meets the walls.
—Deborah Hood, Producer, TOH TV
—Deborah Hood, Producer, TOH TV
Ask TOH users about Befores and Afters


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Carrefour Replaces Bouchut With Sivignon as CFO
Carrefour SA, the world's second-largest retailer, said Pierre-Jean Sivignon will replace Pierre Bouchut as chief financial officer as the company struggles to turn around its French business.
Sivignon, 54, will take the post starting Sept. 1, Carrefour said today in a statement. Bouchut will head the growth markets division, starting in November, replacing Thierry Garnier, who will take on an unspecified role.
Sivignon stepped down as CFO of Royal Philips Electronics NV earlier this year as a new chief executive officer came aboard. During his tenure there, the Dutch maker of lighting and DVD players increased its cash pile by more than a third as of October. Sivignon had worked to reduce the company's fixed cost base by more than 700 million euros ($990 million). He also previously worked as CFO of car-parts maker Faurecia SA after a career at Schlumberger Ltd., an oil services company.
"He can bring valuable skills to the board, even though he has no retailing experience," said analysts at Espirito Santo Retail in a note today. "International experience at Philips, Faurecia and Schlumberger could help to bring fresh thinking." The analysts have a "sell" recommendation on the stock, citing a "struggling" business in western Europe.
Shares of Carrefour, based in Levallois-Perret near Paris, reversed earlier losses and gained as much as 31 cents, or 1.7 percent, to 18.88 euros today and were up 0.3 percent as of 10:10 a.m. local time, giving the company a market value of 12.6 billion euros. France's CAC 40 Index fell 1 percent.
Under Chief Executive Officer Lars Olofsson, Carrefour is revamping its biggest stores and introducing lower prices and more own-label products in a bid to turn around its ailing domestic business, while scrambling for opportunities to grow in markets like Brazil. The company spun off its Dia hard-discount business last month.
The biggest French retailer on July 13 reported second-quarter sales that trailed analysts estimates and said first-half operating profit fell about 23 percent as it lost market share in France.
Bouchut joined Carrefour in 2009 from Schneider Electric.


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Rutgers (English)
DeSales (MEd)
I have been a newspaper reporter for 26 years and a high school and middle school coach for 14 years. Also, in the last two years I have taught an SAT prep class with an emphasis on the Writing section, in which I have done in-home instruction. Because I have been a writer, editor and reader on several levels for several years, I have an eye for both the mechanics and art of writing.
I have been a newspaper reporter for 26 years and a high school and middle school coach for 14 years. Also, in the last two years I have taught an SAT prep class with an emphasis on the Writing section, in which I have done in-home
I will drop to $30/hour if you can help me bring in another student.
Always on time to sessions. Really helped me improve my score over 100 points in a short time span. Very flexible with schedule and tutoring procedures. Thanks a lot for your help!!!
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I have six years of experience teaching reading and writing at a learning center, including several students on the middle school level. I have a B.A. in English from Rutgers University and an M.Ed. in English from DeSales University.
In SAT Critical Reading I can show students how to find the big picture through the small details. Your son or daughter and I will put together a method which works for him or her. We will also read a novel together, during which I will show him or her the finer points of not just reading, but reading with intent and purpose to get the most out of it.
As someone who has written professionally for more than 25 years and taught it for more than six years, I can help writers improve their thinking as well as their writing processes. I can help the student through the mechanical processes of grammar through thoughtful, interesting lessons.
I have been a writer, editor and journalist for 26 years. I have taught writing and SAT writing for seven years. My students learn the value of using better vocabulary, better transitions and better thesis development while learning the nuts and bolts of grammar. My students also learn the basic elements of good writing -- theme and thesis development, point of view, vocabulary, style and organization.
Writing coach for hire


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I've been using Otto's plugin since he released it to generate my shortlinks. On upgrade to 3.5, it crashed on me. So I tried your plugin.
It installs perfectly, and works great on new posts. On my test post here
The shortlink was made, and displays when I call for it
But I'm not getting any of my existing shortlinks showing up for any previous posts, they come up as:
I'm using
<input type='text' value='<?php echo wp_get_shortlink(get_the_ID()); ?>' onclick='this.focus(); this.select();' />
to spit out the shortlink


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Vernon Manor Apartments
Official apartment prices and pictures. Check Availability!
100 Wells St, Clay City, KY 40312
See Clay City Apartments near Vernon Manor Apartments...
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Clay City Westwood Apartments (more info)
30 1St Ave Clay City KY 40312 USA
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177 4Th Ave Clay City KY 40312 USA
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555 W Railroad St Stanton KY 40380 USA
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8110 Main St Ofc Jeffersonvlle KY 40337 USA
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Hello everyone, I'm pretty new to WordPress and I have a very basic question. I'm adding a page to my website and I'm trying to add some headers in the body. I want the headers to be the same font, size, and color as the title.
Can someone please tell me the html code I need to make this work?


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The Washington Monument seen from the Lincoln Memorial
Martin Luther King Memorial - Washington, DC. Taken on a hot, humid day in late June 2013. 18 x 7 (126 images) pano of the memorial. Taken with a Canon G9 @ 1/1000s, f4.5, iso80.
The Royal Air Force Shelter, at the eastern end of Brookwood Military Cemetery. Primarily run by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission, in association with the American Battle Monuments Commission who maintain an American Military Cemetary within the Commonwealth site. www.cwgc.org/find-a-cemetery/cemeter ...
The monument of mens of honor, the veterans who served overseas and those who have stay in Canada
This is a picture of the Memorial Fountain outside of the Memorial Student Center at Marshall University in Huntington, WV. The Memorial Student Center Fountain was dedicated to the memory of the plane crash victims on November 12, 1972, by President John G. Barker. Each year on the anniversary of that fateful day - N...
On the memorial day we spent the morning in the Peace Memorial Park and visited the Peace Memorial Museum. Built with Panoramastudio Pro You find my panoramas with gigapan.org/gigapans/most_popular/?q=fritz%hanke or gigapan.org/gigapans/most_recent/?q=fritz%hanke


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Schnitzler's Century: The Making of Middle-Class Culture 1815-1914by Peter Gay
View All Available Formats & Editions
"This is cultural history of the first order, and it is liberal and humane history at its very best."—David CannadineAn essential work for anyone who wishes to understand the social history of the nineteenth century, Schnitzler's Century is the culmination of Peter Gay's thirty-five years of scholarship on bourgeois culture and society. Using/em>/p>
"This is cultural history of the first order, and it is liberal and humane history at its very best."—David CannadineAn essential work for anyone who wishes to understand the social history of the nineteenth century, Schnitzler's Century is the culmination of Peter Gay's thirty-five years of scholarship on bourgeois culture and society. Using Arthur Schnitzler, the sexually emboldened Viennese playwright, as his master of ceremonies, Gay offers a brilliant reexamination of the hundred-year period that began with the defeat of Napoleon and concluded with the conflagration of 1914. This is a defining work by one of America's greatest historians.
Editorial Reviews
Product Details
- 9780393347821
- Publisher:
- Norton, W. W. & Company, Inc.
- Publication date:
- 05/06/2013
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- 368
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Read an Excerpt
Schnizler's CenturyThe Making of Middle-Class Culture 1815-1914
By Peter Gay
W. W. Norton & CompanyCopyright ©2002 Peter Gay
All right reserved.
Chapter One
Everything in the scene starting Arthur Schnitzler's diary speaks of prosperity: the boy inhabiting a room of his own complete with desk; his attending a Gymnasium, which only a select minority of Vienna's families could afford; his father's well-appointed consulting room. The ambiance exudes an aura of comfort, with expensive music lessons Schnitzler became a competent amateur pianistand with servants hovering in the background. At the time of this closet drama, the Schnitzlers were living in Leopoldstadt, Vienna's Second District. It was being rapidly transformed into a quarter populated by Jews, most of them poor, who were immigrating by the thousands from the countryside and the eastern reaches of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in search of a better life and relief from anti- Semitic outrages: around 1880, nearly half of Vienna's Jews lived there. But during Schnitzler's childhood, he recalled, it was "still genteel and respectable." As a young man, he mainly frequented "good Jewish middle-class circles," which is to say, his own.
Through the years, he would not confine himself to his thriving, well-educated Vienneseworld as he traveled across the range of respectability at times beyond. As a physician, he had professional, if rather distant, connections with the medical world. As a writer, he came to make friends with publishers, journalists, novelists, playwrights, critics, actors, to say nothing of actresses. As a bachelorhe did not marry until 1902, at fortyhe spent many evenings in his favorite haunt, the café Griensteidl, with friends like Richard Beer-Hofmann, Felix Salten, Hugo yon Hofmannsthal, all of them writers, trading literary gossip, manuscripts, sometimes mistresses. And, as will emerge, as a lover he ventured among women from the petty bourgeoisie of the outer districts, the Vorstadt. He was crossing boundaries, knew it, and used in his writings the knowledge he stockpiled by living hard.
Schnitzler's excursions up and down the social ladder provide an instructive glimpse of a wider social reality. They are just one instance of an important characteristic of nineteenth-century urban life: the Victorian bourgeoisie was sizable, diverse, and deeply fissured. One other telling illustration of this complexity will suffice. In the 1850s, the marchese Massimo d'Azeglio, painter, novelist, and politician, then prime minister of Piedmont, noted that in his country, "the hierarchical instinct dominates the whole of society." To capture these subtle gradations, one needed "a whole series of subcategories" more refined than merely "nobility, bourgeoisie, people and plebs." He believed a little complacently that such shadings were more nuanced at home than elsewhere, but there he was mistaken. Everywhere, the slightest subdivisions in the middling ranks could generate social discrimination, economic nepotism, envy, and gossip, to say nothing of marital strategies wherever bourgeois clustered in appreciable numbers. The historian attempting to understand the nineteenth-century bourgeoisie must come to terms with pervasive conflicts among those who defined themselves as "middle class" as much as with the qualities that made them kin.
Not unexpectedly, conflicts within the middling orders were more pronounced than peaceful cooperation. Tariffs on imports were a boon to domestic manufacturers but a burden on merchants. Distribution of largesse from the central government, whether paintings donated to provincial museums or subsidies provided to struggling industries, led to disputes about favoritism among cities or regions. The issue of state support for sectarian schools became a contentious issue between devout and secular citizens. The location of the railroad network, which speedily spread through most of Europe in the 1840s and 1850s, became a matter of virtual economic life and death across the map. And, as we shall see, limitations on the right to vote on the basis of income were sore points between bourgeois safely at home in the political elite and bourgeois aspiring to join them. Some of these contests were trivial: in the late nineteenth century, Munich and Berlin engaged in a rivalry, carried on mainly in the press, over which was the cultural capital of Germany. But most of the time, the stakes were higher than this. Economic self-interest, religious agendas, intellectual convictions, social competition, the proper place of women became political issues where bourgeois battled bourgeois.
These divisions were so acute that it is tempting to doubt that the bourgeoisie was a definable entity at all. This nominalism can only be fed by the recognition that all collective statements necessarily oversimplify the rich diversity of social life and likely slight singular variations. But unless historians reduce every report on the past into a collection of biographies, a literally impossible task, they must, however circumspectly, gather into diverse baskets substantial similarities, shared family traits. I have written this book in the conviction that while it may be hard to live with generalizations, it is inconceivable to live without them.
At all events, for at least two centuries, journalists and politicians, ideologues and historians, intent on making partisan, or at least intelligible points, have ignored glaring exceptions to their global statements about the bourgeoisie. And grand simplicities about it have long been particular favorites among its detractors. Yet it will emerge that there are ways of gathering Victorian bourgeois into a single class, even if its internal strains are as interesting as its fragile unity. The nineteenth-century British practice of resorting to the pluralthe "middling ranks" or the "middle classes"has much to commend it.
Though average victorians were no doubt impatient with fine discriminations, their linguistic conventions document their awareness that the bourgeoisie was one and many at the same time. They retained the collective name but subdivided it: the Germans had their Grossbürgertum and Kleinbürgertum, the French the grande, bonne, and petite bourgeoisie. In the course of years, they sliced these rough divisions even more exquisitely: the Germans drew a distinction between the bourgeoisie of property and that of cultivationBesitzbürgertum and Bildungsbürgertum. Everywhere, popular locutions underscored the intricacies of class hierarchies: in France, the epithet l'aristoeracie financière paid homage, in an amalgam of jealousy and disdain, to the political weight of bankers, as did the term Geldaristokratie for the German aristocracy of money. Contemptuous of the bottom of the heap, Germans nicknamed the lowest segments of their Bürgertum, the lowest paid in the army of clerks, proletarians in stand-up collars, Stehkragenproletarier. Such oxymorons were essential to the search for precision.
In the professions, gifted bourgeoispainters, singers, poets, eminent professors, or natural scientistscarved out careers outside the familiar economic hierarchies to establish a ranking of prestige rivaling that of wealth. Their grateful society showered them with medals, provided them with access to privileged circles, invited them to marry into the gentry, or buried them in national shrines. It even bestowed on a handful of them titles of nobility. The German painter Adolph Menzel was elevated to Adolph von Menzel; the English poet Alfred Tennyson, to Alfred, first lord Tennyson.
Less dazzling, though still gratifying rewards awaited other Victorian bourgeois. A phalanx of lawyers, physicians, middling bureaucrats, bankers, merchants, and industrialists, the solid core of the bourgeoisie, respected and respectable, were content with being of the middle classes, even proud of it. Some tycoons, like Alfred Krupp, the preeminent munitions maker in the German empire, politely rejected the offer of a title, saying that he would "rather be the first among industrialists than the last among knights." Another example: In Austria, Friedrich Lohmeyr, scion of a dynasty of glass manufacturers that took great pride in its craft origins, refused ennoblement, a rare and striking gesture in a society in which the imperial court scattered titles by the thousands. Mainly the upper crust of the bourgeoisie, the great plutocrats, some of them aching to escape into the aristocracy, and its lowest counterpart, poverty-stricken petty bourgeois afraid of being plunged into the mass of plebeians, monitored the prospects of their status closely and anxiously.
What further complicates any attempt to define the nineteenth-century bourgeoisie is the fact that it had a history. It was not static; many bourgeois harbored great expectations, of wealth, of prestige, of fame, of social ascent. They were not wholly unrealistic; there was a measure of upward social mobility in the Victorian century for the unusually talented, unusually lucky, or unusually unscrupulous. Only the very few could even dream of emulating John D. Rockefeller or Andrew Carnegie, but the rise of these two to stunning riches made for tales that fostered fantasies. A slender minority of enterprising bourgeois climbed economically, and soon after that socially, at vertiginous speed. The brothers Eugène and Adolphe Schneider, sons of a modest provincial notary, became the steel kings of France in one generation. And Carnegie himself had arrived in the United States from Scotland with his indigent family, yet made himself into one of the wealthiest men in the world, the stuff of legends.
One could recount many such stories, a number of them even true, of rags transformed into riches within a few decades. Aristide Boucicaut, the son of a lowly hatter, founded the Parisian department store Le Bon Marché and was worth 22 million francs at his death in 1877. George Peabody, born in 1795 to an impecunious branch of an old American family in a small Massachusetts town, had to leave school at eleven to work in a general store, but soon managed his own wholesale dry goods store in Washington, with branches in New York and Philadelphia. By 1827, he was worth $85,000; only a decade later, having become an international trader, he moved to London and went into banking. Twenty-five years later, in 1852, he had amassed a fortune of over $3 million, perhaps some $50 million in today's currency.
Arthur Schnitzler's father, the highly esteemed laryngologist Dr. Johann Schnitzler, belongs among these favorites of fortunes, one of many Jewseven unconverted Jewswhom the century of widespread liberation granted an entrance into the world of success. His life graphically demonstrates how far a bourgeois could go in that age with ability and ambition, especially if decorated with agreeable manners. Born in the Hungarian town of Gross-Kanizsa in what his son called "indigent, indeed shabby circumstances," the son of a skillful but illiterate and alcoholic joiner, he made his way to Vienna in a wagon, and there, like other penniless students, financed his medical education by giving lessons. Yet he climbed up the social and professional ladder to reach the summit with a professorship at the university and the prestigious title of Regierungsrat, coveted in a society in which waiters invariably addressed their regulars as Herr Baron or at least Herr Doctor, whether earned or not. No doubt ability counted for much in such life histories, but so did opportunities. In these social and economic success stories the cooperation of the historical moment was an essential prerequisite.
That moment of course appeared particularly sustained and alluring in the United States; the country, a virtually legendary beckoning giant, invited daydreams of easy success among Europeans desperate or enterprising enough to leave their continent behind. Germans looking westward for opportunities they could not hope for at home imagined the golden land overseas as the land of unlimited possibilitiesdas Land der unbegrenzten Möglichkeitenalthough they discovered after they landed that the country often proved reluctant to give them access to the secret map that showed the way to wealth and security.
Numerous newcomers to the United States accumulated fortunes, growing with its western and southern reaches, and in the burgeoning cities. But others remained mired in the shallows of the New World as they had been in the Old. After midcentury, the glut of Victorian success literature, modern fairy tales predictably addicted to happy endings, had become an international mainstay for publishers. Horatio Alger's vastly popular confections, mainly recounting the climb of a penniless orphanhe perpetrated more than a hundred narratives chronicling a near-miraculous rise in the worldwas a tribute to the power of the imagination. Far from documenting an open society, Alger and his imitators displayed wishful thinking at its most inflamed, in which all too real barriers to quick wealth melted away. In fact, the spectrum ranging from success to failure in America was very wide and far from predictable. Ascent was on a ladder with many broken rungs.
One trait that distinguished nineteenth-century bourgeois publics from one another was their habitual, though not unchangeable, mind-set concerning the authorities that governed themhere, as elsewhere, the definition of the Victorian bourgeoisie depends heavily on attitudes. Obviously enough, the more unchecked the holders of power, the more subservient their middle-class subjects, the less able they were to mount initiatives not just in politics but also in the arts, literature, or education. Two extreme middle-class types coexisted in Victorian civilization, the one forceful, the other inert, with mixed types in between.
A comparison between two nineteenth-century cities, Manchester and Munich, will mark the outer limits between bourgeois enterprise and bourgeois complaisance. The citizens of Manchester, a booming textile town, produced an efficient and magnanimous army of self-started philanthropists. In 1846, they founded Owens Collegeit was granted a university charter in 1880from a private legacy of about 100,000 [pounds sterling]. Two years later, the year of revolutions across the Continent that left Britain unscathed, three local merchants invited the German conductor and piano virtuoso Karl Hallé, long resident in France, to take Manchester's musical life in hand. In his long and impressive careerhe died Sir Charles Hallé in 1895he energetically transformed the city into one of the preeminent centers of music in the Western world. Before long, the Hallé Orchestra, launched in 1858 (typically Hallé's private property), secured an international reputation. There was more for Manchester's leading citizens to be proud of through the decades: they built themselves an assertive Gothic town hall, an art museum, and great libraries. In 1895, Her Majesty Queen Victoria graciously consented to have the exalted term "Royal" added to the name of the new Manchester conservatory. But that was pure decoration; local capitalists had already donated all the necessary funds.
Munich, the capital of Bavaria's Wittelsbach monarchy, could not have been more different. In twenty-three years of rule beginning in 1825, the art-loving Ludwig I had set the tone for, and largely financed, the city's cultural institutions. He was his country's unrivaled first builder, giving welcome employment to a swarm of architects, masons, carpenters, glaziers, framers, sculptors, muralists, and gardeners. The king's record is impressive: he was responsible, among other things, for moving the university to Munich from the provincial town of Langhut; building the Glyptothek, which provided a magnificent backdrop for classical sculpture, and the Alte Pinakothek, which housed a fine collection of old masters. Not content with these monuments to high culture, he permanently altered the appearance of Munich, commissioning churches, exhibition halls, and broad avenues. Only his forced retirement in 1848, compelled to abdicate over a pathetic (and expensive) affair with the dancer Lola Montez, kept him from completing yet another project, the Neue Pinakothek, designed to display his superb collection of contemporary German art.
Under his successors as under his benevolent autocracy, the Wittelsbach spirit, and money, were active wherever Bavaria's, and Munich's, high culture needed attention and support. Maximilian II kept Ludwig's program alive, though at a more restrained pace, and invited humanists from northern Germany to settle in his capital. And it is only too well known that without Ludwig II, Richard Wagner's Bayreuth would have remained a pipe dream. It was typical of Bavaria's cultural style that the conductor Hermann Levi, who raised the city's opera and orchestra to the highest levels in Germany, perhaps in Europe, should be a civil servant. And, a few insubordinate gestures apart, the city's Bürger, at once pampered and patronized, followed their dynasty's lead. Even a private organization like the Kunstverein, which brought together practicing artists and art-loving amateurs, had to obtain the king's permission for its statutes and met under the vigilant eyes of the Royal Academy. It was not until late in the century that some enterprising Munich citizens began to organize their own exhibitions. It had taken them many long years before they dared to throw away the crutches of all-knowing authority.
Nineteenth-century Manchester and Munich were extremes. Most cultural capitals of the timeVienna, Paris, London, and, after the 1860s, Berlinwere mixed types, combining private and public sources of inspiration and of funds wrestling for supremacy, with the pressures from the top usually prevailing. But Manchester and Munich were not alone. Amsterdam's celebrated Rijksmuseum and Concertgebouw were the creations of a few cultivated and enterprising merchants. Berlin's Philharmonic Orchestra, which rapidly vaulted to the top of Germany's finest ensembles, was founded by its musicians in 1882. Similarly the Boston Symphony Orchestra was the product of Brahmin, which is to say private, initiative. And in serving literature and the arts, Birmingham was in many respects the twin of Manchester. After midcentury, it opened a major free public library complete with branches and founded an art museum, the first financed from local taxes and the second from the profits garnered by the municipal gasworks, remarkable exercises in democratic culture. Filled with justified pride, the citizens of Birmingham placed an eloquent inscription in the museum's entrance hall: "By the gains of industry we promote art." Nothing could contrast more sharply with the servile, but accurate, legend that Munich's grateful town fathers engraved into a copper plate they placed next to the corner stone of the Alte Pinakothek: "Bavaria owes the building and its art treasures to the noble disposition of its rulers, the House of Wittelsbach." Together, these two lapidary texts attest to the coexistence of bourgeois self-reliance and bourgeois dependency in the Victorian age.
The question whether the bourgeoisie of any country should be counted among the self-assertive or the submissive raises the tragicomedy of the nineteenth-century middle classes in politics. Nothing can advanceand complicatethe search for a definition of the Victorian bourgeoisie more fruitfully than this line of inquiry. For the historian, the study of past politics entails more than tracking the pursuit of power under specified rules; showing classes in action, it points directly at fundamental self-appraisals, at expectations and anxieties. The most energetic among Victorian bourgeois had to confront royal arbitrariness, aristocratic claims, clerical interference, time-honored cultural habits. Yet the quest for political power obsessed middle-class activists across most Western societies. "The middle class must govern," the Zurich politician and physician Johannes Hegetschweiler asserted in 1837, tersely summing up the agenda of those bourgeois across Europe smarting under their lack of access to public influence. For their part, obedient and indifferent bourgeois could only dream of power, much of the time not even that, and remain content with scratching a living and avoiding disputes with local potentates. "The Tuscan bourgeois," wrote Stendhal in the mid-1820s, hard as it was for him to admit it, "of a timid disposition, enjoys his quiet and his well-being, works to enrich himself and a little to enlighten himself, but without ever dreaming of taking his place in the government." All he and his kin aimed to do was to avoid work and annoyance. The same charge could be leveled against bourgeois in other countries.
A preponderance of discontented Italian opinion echoed Stendhal's rebuke through the decades. In fact, nineteenth-century Italian bourgeois, before their country's conclusive unification in 1870 and even after that, serve as a model of tameness. The elites essentially running the country were highly concentrated and rarely questioned. That celebrated Italian motto in praise of idleness, Dolce far niente, seemed to be inscribed over the entrances of banks, shops, and factories. Middleclass initiative and inventiveness, without which capitalism must stagnate, were rare.
Four decades after Stendhal, in the 1860s, another observant French visitor, Hippolyte Taine, literary and political historian and perceptive psychologist, virtually copied his precedessor. "Is there in Rome any degree of moral energy?" he asked, and responded skeptically, "Most of my friends reply, no; the government has demoralized men." Aided by the church, it had systematically obstructed independent thinking. "People are extraordinarily intelligent, adroit, and calculating, but no less egotistical." It followed that "as enterprise and action are prejudicial and regarded unfavourably, indolence becomes honourable." All that other eyewitnesses could add was that the country was beset by crippling corruption, that well-to-do northern borghesi were blasé about the appalling poverty and illiteracy in the country's southern regions, and that their own endemic attitude toward work was one of unabashed aversion. And it was true: Italian industrialization failed to match that of other European countries, and its most spectacular advances, as in the steel industry, were mainly generated by the state rather than through individual enterprise. The Italian bourgeoisie, witness to historic transformations in the peninsula, mainly sat and waited.
Other political cultures, however, experienced drastic shifts, learning to cope with world-shattering inventions and devising political instruments, like the widening of the suffrage, to keep the social peace. Each bourgeoisie took its own path, though most also responded to stimuli from their neighbors: the European revolutions of 1848 were sparked in France with the embers rapidly leaping across frontiers. These revolutions were essentially middle-class efforts with the working classes their weapon and their victim, and by and large failures; Yet by around 1900, the grip of the middle classes on political power was far tighter than it had been only a century before, even though it was far from complete.
Excerpted from Schnizler's Century by Peter Gay Copyright ©2002 by Peter Gay. Excerpted by permission.
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Meet the Author
Peter Gay (1923—2015) was the author of more than twenty-five books, including the National Book Award winner The Enlightenment, the best-selling Weimar Culture, and the widely translated Freud: A Life for Our Time.
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NEWARK, NJ – JANUARY 28: Defensive tackle Tony McDaniel #99 of the Seattle Seahawks speaks to the media during Super Bowl XLVIII Media Day at the Prudential Center on January 28, 2014 in Newark, New Jersey. Super Bowl XLVIII will be played between the Seattle Seahawks and the Denver Broncos on February 2. (Photo by Elsa/Getty Images)
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Jack French Kemp
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6-1, 201lb (185cm, 91kg)
Born: July 13, 1935 in Los Angeles, CA
Died: May 2, 2009 in Bethesda, MD
College: Occidental
Weighted Career AV (100-95-...): 70 (586th overall since 1960)
Draft: Detroit Lions in the 17th round (203rd overall) of the 1957 NFL Draft.
Relatives: Son: Jeff Kemp
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, Volume 74, Issue 2, pp 349-368
First online:
Are Psychological and Ecological Well-being Compatible? The Role of Values, Mindfulness, and Lifestyle
- Kirk Warren BrownAffiliated withCSP, Meliora Hall , University of Rochester Email author
- , Tim KasserAffiliated withCSP, Meliora Hall , University of Rochester
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Happiness and ecological well-being are often portrayed as conflictual pursuits, but they may actually be complementary. In samples of adolescents (Study 1) and adults (Study 2), we tested this proposition and examined the role of three factors in promoting both subjective well-being (SWB) and ecologically responsible behavior (ERB). In both studies, individuals higher in SWB reported more ERB. An intrinsic value orientation (Studies 1 and 2) and dispositional mindfulness (Study 2) related to higher SWB and ERB, while a lifestyle of voluntary simplicity (Study 2) related to higher ERB. Further analyses showed that the compatibility of SWB and ERB was explained by intrinsic values and mindfulness. These findings offer clues to a sustainable way of life that enhances both personal and collective well-being.
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- Title
- Are Psychological and Ecological Well-being Compatible? The Role of Values, Mindfulness, and Lifestyle
- Journal
Social Indicators Research
Volume 74, Issue 2 , pp 349-368
- Cover Date
- 2005-11
- 10.1007/s11205-004-8207-8
- Print ISSN
- 0303-8300
- Online ISSN
- 1573-0921
- Publisher
- Kluwer Academic Publishers
- Additional Links
- Topics
- Industry Sectors
- Authors
- Kirk Warren Brown (1)
- Tim Kasser (1)
- Author Affiliations
- 1. CSP, Meliora Hall, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627-0266, USA


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Department: Department of Counseling, Development and Higher Education
Collection: UNT Theses and Dissertations
Analyzing the Financial Condition of Higher Education Institutions Using Financial Ratio Analysis
Date: May 1999
Creator: Buddy, Nancy J.
Description: The problem concerned the financial indicators used to evaluate the financial condition of the six sister higher education institutions under the authority of the Board of Regents of Oklahoma Colleges. The purposes were to determine the financial ratios that best indicate financial condition; to calculate those financial ratios for the six designated Oklahoma higher education institutions; and to evaluate and compare the financial condition of the six institutions. This study attempted to further the use of financial ratio analysis as an objective addition to subjective studies that examine an institution's definition of its mission, objectives, and goals and its own assessment of the degree to which its resources allow it to attain those goals. The data were obtained from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System; the financial reports were audited by independent certified public accountants and presented to the Board of Regents of Oklahoma Colleges; and John Minter Associates, Inc., provided the national norms. The set of financial ratios identified provides a means to study a single higher education institution through trend analysis and in comparison to national norms. It also works well with a sample of homogeneous institutions with interinstitutional comparison. The techniques are intended to provide a general ...
Contributing Partner: UNT Libraries
Assessing the Adlerian Personality Priorities: A Formal Instrument for Therapeutic Practice
Date: May 2005
Creator: Allen, Elizabeth Gayle Soules
Description: The purpose of this study was to develop an effective formal instrument to assess the Adlerian personality priorities. The development of the Allen Assessment for Adlerian Personality Priorities, AAAPP, seeks to provide a strong comparability to assessing the Adlerian construct of personality priorities as the counselor interview. One hundred and seven participants were given the 1st administration of the AAAPP, Social Interest Scale and a demographic survey. Sixty-four participants completed a 2nd administration of the AAAPP two weeks later. Twenty participants experienced a counseling interview following the 2nd administration. The methods used to evaluate the validity and effectiveness of the AAAPP included: face validity, predictive validity, construct validity, test-retest reliability, multiple regression, Guttman split-half reliability and the Spearman Brown reliability.
Contributing Partner: UNT Libraries
The Assessment of Cognitive Development and Writing Aptitude Within Learning Communities
Date: August 2001
Creator: Barnard, Miriam K.
Description: Learning communities have emerged as an efficient and effective paradigm for improving undergraduate education, especially for entering freshmen. The academy has become increasingly interested in learning outcomes and student retention, especially as they are related to the assessment of various approaches to educating the whole student. Learning community pedagogy has developed through rigorous research. However, little is known about the impact of this pedagogy upon college students' cognitive development and writing aptitude. Cognitive development theory has been most significantly influenced by the work of William G. Perry, Jr. Though no theory exists which would address the stages of writing development in university students, many composition theorists suggest a correlation between cognitive development and writing aptitude. This study measured cognitive development and writing aptitude in learning community students and non-learning community students, matching them for SAT scores, high school grade point averages, gender, and ethnicity. The research questions of interest were: 1) How does participation in a learning community affect students' cognitive development; and 2) How does participation in a learning community affect students' writing aptitude? The participants were pre- and post-assessed for cognitive development, using the Measure of Intellectual Development (MID). Additionally, participants were preand post-assessed for writing aptitude, using ...
Contributing Partner: UNT Libraries
An Assessment of the Effectiveness of the CHAMPS/Life Skills Program at the University of North Texas: A Pilot Study
Date: May 2004
Creator: Goddard, Michael
Description: This study seeks to determine the effectiveness of the Challenging Athletes Minds for Personal Success (CHAMPS)/Life Skills program at the University of North Texas, as perceived by the student athletes who participate or participated in this program. The study attempts to measure the extent to which the student athletes feel that the program had value; if they received helpful information to support them through their college career to career transition; if the student athletes felt that the program provided them with skills to encourage better self-esteem; and if they believed that the CHAMPS/Life Skills program provided them with leadership and character education. The study, conducted in the Fall of 2003, had 163 respondents. An instrument was developed to determine student athletes' perceptions of the effectiveness of the CHAMPS/Life Skills program at UNT. The instrument consisted of 30 questions using a Likert-type scale. A Mann-Whitney U, a non-parametric t-Test, was utilized to analyze the data. This type of t-Test was used because it is specifically designed to compare the means of the same variable with two different groups and account for non-homogeneous groups. The lack of homogeneity was very likely influenced by the unequal group sizes. Generally, all aspects of the ...
Contributing Partner: UNT Libraries
An Assessment of the Parent Orientation Program at the University of North Texas
Date: December 2002
Creator: With, Elizabeth
Description: Although most institutions offer a parent program option to the orientation program, there has been little formalized research into the quality, planning or programming of parent orientation. There has been very little research into the impact parent orientation has on parents and whether or not they feel that such programs have met their needs, particularly by gender, minority status, educational background, or by geographic distance from the institution. This study seeks to determine the effectiveness of the parent orientation program at the University of North Texas to the parents who participate in this program. The study attempts to measure whether parents feel that they have adequate information about the institution to adequately support their student through the college transition; if parents feel welcomed by the UNT campus community; and if they feel that they have developed resources and institutional contacts that may be useful in the future in assisting their child to have a successful college experience at UNT. The study, conducted in the summer of 2002, had 736 respondents. An instrument developed to determine parent's perceptions of the effectiveness of the parent orientation program consisted of 31 questions using a Likert scale. A t-Test was utilized to analyze the ...
Contributing Partner: UNT Libraries
An Assessment of the Use of Student Price Response Models to Predict Changes in Undergraduate Enrollment at a Metropolitan University
Date: December 2004
Creator: Saxon, Randall J.
Description: Most colleges and universities invest substantial resources in an effort to strategically plan for a sound financial base. The revenue for the financial base is dependent on student enrollment that must be effectively managed. Increases in the price of tuition and fees can lead to decreased enrollment and negatively impact the revenue of an institution. The increases can also impact the enrollment of certain student populations such as minority students and high school graduates enrolling in college for the first time. Many studies have analyzed the price elasticity and student price response models that have been developed over time by reviewing historical price increases and enrollment across institutions. Few studies have used the models to predict changes in the enrollment of students for one college or university after the increases in the cost of attendance are imposed on students. This study sought to analyze the effectiveness of the most commonly reviewed student price response and price elasticity models in predicting changes in undergraduate enrollment at one metropolitan academic university. The three models introduced by Leslie and Brinkman, St. John and Heller were used to analyze the tuition and fee increases and to identify the likely percentage of increase or decrease ...
Contributing Partner: UNT Libraries
The Association between Sense of Humor, Coping Ability and Burnout among Nursing Education Faculty
Date: May 1996
Creator: Talbot, Laura A. (Laura Ann)
Description: A nonexperimental descriptive study was conducted to determine the interrelatedness among coping strategies, humor and burnout among nursing education faculty. The conceptual framework of this study was based on the constructs of coping strategies and humor which were conceptualized as having a direct relationship to burnout. Areview of the literature concerning coping, humor and burnout supported this proposition and emphasized the need for empirical testing. Coping Humor Scale. Wavs of Coping Questionnaire and Maslach Burnout Inventory were the instruments used to measure the constructs. Academic history and demographic data sheets were also used. Hie instruments were mailed to 285 nursing faculty teaching in programs of nursing in the Dallas /Fort Worth, Texas area. The return rate for the mailing was 70.07%. Burnout among nursing education faculty showed a low degree of emotional exhaustion (54.8%), a low degree of depersonalization (84.7% and a low degree of personal accomplishment (60.7%). The findings did not reveal a high or low degree of burnout but rather a pattern of burnout suggestive of a different stage. Humor as a coping mechanism during stressful events was not frequently used. The highest proportion of nursing education faculty used distancing (46.53%) as a coping strategy. The second strategy ...
Contributing Partner: UNT Libraries
Attachment Styles in a Sample from a Correctional Drug Treatment Facility
Date: December 2006
Creator: Shivpuri, Michelle Yvonne
Description: Substance abuse and dependence causes many problems in our society. Attachment style may be useful in the etiology of this problem. Using archival data, this study hypothesizes men in a court-ordered facility will be more likely to have an insecure attachment style. The participants were 73 males ages 18-49. The Adult Attachment Scale (AAS) was used to measure adult romantic attachment style. Through cluster analysis and conversion of the subscales of the AAS, four attachment styles were measured. Men were more likely to have an insecure attachment style especially a Fearful style. The study concludes with limitations of the results and a discussion about possible interventions based on attachment style.
Contributing Partner: UNT Libraries
Attitudes of American School Counselor Association Members toward Utilizing Paraprofessionals in School Counseling
Date: August 2000
Creator: Astramovich, Randall L.
Description: The principal investigator (PI) for this study surveyed 207 American School Counselor Association (ASCA) members on their attitudes toward utilizing trained counseling paraprofessionals in school counseling. The PI also examined the relationship between participants attitudes and their subjective reports of the counselor-student ratios in their schools, the amount of work time they spent providing direct counseling services to students, and the extent to which their districts experienced a school counselor shortage. The participants mean reported counselor-student ratio (1:464.63) significantly exceeded ASCA recommendations of 1:250. Elementary counselors reported the highest counselor-student ratios while high school counselors reported the lowest. Furthermore the PI found a significant linear trend for counselor-student ratios to decrease as school level increased. The participants reported mean percentage of time involved in direct counseling services (61.48%) fell significantly below the ASCA recommended 70%. Elementary counselors reported the highest amount of time involved in direct counseling services while high school counselors reported the lowest. The PI also found a significant linear trend for percentages of time involved in direct services to decrease as school level increased. Over one-fourth of the participants indicated school counselor shortages existed in their districts. A majority of participants supported utilizing counseling paraprofessionals in their ...
Contributing Partner: UNT Libraries
The Beginnings of Pedophilia: Lifestyles of Juvenile Perpetrators
Date: May 1996
Creator: Edmonds, Marilyn S. (Marilyn Sue)
Description: This study utilized a qualitative/phenomenological research methodology to study the development of child molestation. Five volunteer male juvenile perpetrators of child molestation and their consenting family members participated in three one-on-one in-depth interviews. The juveniles were referred by juvenile justice departments in Texas. The investigation was pursued along three paths: (1) what factors in the perpetrators' life experiences may have influenced the formation of molesting thought and behavior patterns? (2) how did the perpetrators construe social relationships? (3) in developing sexual preference, what process did the perpetrators utilize to achieve the degree of sexual arousal needed to motivate the act of molestation? During analysis, 16 categories and 9 subcategories were developed from the data; these were evaluated in order to address the lines of inquiry listed above. Factors contributing toward deviancy were identified: these included general environmental factors and relationship issues with both parents and peers. The data also elucidated the perpetrators' characteristic ways of viewing themselves and other people, as well as the strategies that they relied upon to cope with their lives. These same strategies were subsequently used in their molesting. The results revealed that the answers to the investigational questions posed above were synthesized by the individual ...
Contributing Partner: UNT Libraries


text:
Ham radio enthusiasts stand ready to step in when all else fails
Success on the rebound
Small people's wedding highlights Banneker-Douglass celebration of African American traditions
They're delicious, but what's their story?
But which butterfly is which?
Kinder Farm Park
The dads take fatherhood seriously, too
Animal sanctuary gets Bay-friendly upgrade
Fatherhood is a lifelong calling
It's a lesson for life
Croaker in the cooler makes for good eating at the table
The strained relationship of Cepheus and his daughter Andromeda
Humane Society of Calvert pays, but you don't have to live in Calvert
What could have been an interesting political satire or a subversive black comedy is instead a dreadfully dull horror movie laden with stereotypes
Take to the Road with Mr. Pish