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Somethingtofoodabout is a testament to what you can do when you reach the upper echelons of pop cultural cool. By all accounts, Questlove (drummer, producer, musical director, NYT bestselling author and culinary bon vivant) has reached the highest heights of hipness and now is basically tenured in the university of cool and can seemingly do whatever he pleases. Thankfully, Questlove's celebrity was earned the old-fashioned way, through hard work and talent, as opposed to the "Kardashian" way, and he continuously makes interesting creative choices, including this new book. Instead of creating a celebrity cookbook or turning himself into yet another made-for-tv food impresario, Questlove gives us a book about the creative aspect of high-level cooking, filled with interesting photographs and rich conversations with chefs at the white-hot center of the food world. The book is artistic, unexpected, and casually but totally unapologetically cool. Check it out.
Summer is the perfect time for
light reading, so I have another graphic novel to tell you all about! Lucy
Knisley, an artist with a knack for turning her personal experiences into
entertaining graphic memoirs, is back with Something New! Literally—that's the
name of the book.
Knisley has written about the
important role of food in her life, and some of her exciting travel adventures,
but this time she's covering her experiences grappling with the beautiful and
incredibly stressful task of getting married. This lovely memoir includes many
fun components, such as, a section on to buy, or DIY, how she and her husband
met, and wedding traditions from around the world. I'd recommend this to book
to anyone, whether they're married, engaged, or single, because honestly, it's
just fun going on this wedding
journey with Lucy Knisley.
Looking for more books by Lucy
Knisley? Be sure to check out some of her other titles here.
Mira loves to "doodle, draw, color, and paint" so her room is filled with vibrant pictures that she created herself. Her neighborhood, on the other hand, is dull and gray. Until the day a muralist moved in. Together the two of them set off to paint the town.
Based on a true story, this picture book is about the East Village neighborhood in San Diego. It tells the story of a community that Rafael and Candace Lopez brings together and the creation of the Urban Art Trail. Lopez (who is also the illustrator of the book) along with community leaders, teachers, artists, and residents worked together to turn their neighborhood into a walkable piece of art. This picture book is an inspiring story with wonderful illustrations that young children will love.
Lane Smith's picture book titled: There Is a Tribe of Kids is both curious and educational, plus, it's a reference book. Patrons have traditionally asked librarians questions such as: what do you call a group of this or that, whether it be animals (animal aggregations), or some other group. Familiar animal aggregations are: a school of fish, a flock of geese, pack of dogs, you get the idea. In Smith's book, a lone child takes us on a journey from animal group to animal group and eventually to a group of children. Lane Smith's illustrations are truly amazing and full of antics and delightful detail. Lane Smith has written and illustrated many children's books, and Lane received a Caldecott Honor Award for Grandpa Green. He was named an Eric Carle Artist for "lifelong innovation in the field of children's picture books" in 2012!
Do you need more dinosaurs, time travelers, and girl power
in your life? If so, I have two fantastic graphic novels for you. First up, is Paper Girls, Volume 1 by Brian
K. Vaughn, the writer named by Wired Magazine as " the greatest comic book visionary of the last five years." This suspenseful mystery starts
with a slow burn as four paper delivery girls head out to cover their route the
morning after Halloween in 1988. After
the girls accidentally set off a strange machine, the story kicks off at
break-neck speed, and soon the girls are facing off against dinosaurs,
laser-blasting knights, and sub-human creatures that might just be from the future. It's intense, fast-paced, wicked
fun, and the series is only just beginning.
Also, make sure to check out the Lumberjanes series by Grace
Ellis and Noelle Stevenson. Lumberjanes follows five "hardcore lady types"
spending the summer at a crazy camp surrounded by bizarre supernatural
mysteries. The girls fight werewolves, solve riddles, and avoid the ever-watchful
eye of their group counselor in this manic, off-beat, fantastic read. This
series has been out for a while, but you can catch up on Hoopla digital.
Both of these series are a great mash-up of sci-fi, fantasy,
action, and mystery with fabulous artwork. So what are you waiting for?
To say that Ashley Bryan has been around for many years is
an understatement. After all, he is only 92. His work has been recognized by
many and he has been the recipient of many awards. The book Ashley Bryan'spuppets: making something from everything is not only full of amazing, clever
and unique puppets but also full of great and thoughtful prose.
Ashley Bryan grew up in NYC during the depression. He and
his sister started salvaging for things they could reuse at a young age. He
made his first puppet at age eleven. His puppets are made from tangled fishing
nets, weathered bones, sea glass, and driftwood….whatever else he can find. He sees
possibilities in all things. His characters and poems include Anansi: the
trickster and storyteller, Kwesi: conquering strength (who looks like an
elephant) and Animata: good character (made of shells and an upside down champagne
glass as a crown).
Jojo: his storyteller
In every finger of my glove I tap
tall tales of peace and love
The fingers of my well-gloved
hands store stories told in foreign lands.
I wish I could share every amazing and unique picture. But
that would get me into trouble so I will suggest that you read this or one of
his other fantastic books and you'll see what I mean.
Graphic novels have a reputation for being all about
superheroes and explosions, but they can be a really great format to tell more
nuanced stories as well. I'd like to shine a spotlight on two evocative,
character-focused, slice-of-life stories that really shine in a graphic novel
The first is a manga called Solanin by Inio Asano. The story
follows Meiko, a recent college grad, and her friends a group of 20-somethings
living in the background of a Japanese city. Over the course of the summer they
grapple with all of the challenges of new adulthood: starting careers, finding
their purpose in life, and how to break it to their parents that they've moved
in with their boyfriend. Though the characters are Japanese, the themes are
universal. Solanin is a novel with fantastic art work, and a story that will
stay with me for a long time.
The second graphic novel is called Token by Alisa Kwitney,
with illustrations by Joelle Jones. Token is a story about fifteen year old
Shira Spektor, living in Miami, Florida in 1987. She lives with her father in
an apartment building on South Beach, and spends most of her time with her best
friend, a spunky 80-year-old woman who shoots straight from the hip. When her
father starts dating his secretary, and the girls at school turn decidedly
nasty, Shira turns to shoplifting. Just when she feels that there's no one she
can talk to, she meets a tall handsome stranger. She is falling in love for the
first time just as everything else in her life seems to be falling apart. Token
is fun, flirty, and timeless.
Both books have a lazy summer vibe perfect for the upcoming
warmer months.
I've read a lot of books in my life, but I have never seen a book quite like this. Martin Vargic is an artist who is interested in how maps can convey information. He draws original maps not just of the physical world as it is, but of abstract concepts such as the Map of the Internet, and the Map of Literature. Each map includes an astonishing amount of detail and information, but at the same time is a work of art.
In addition to the abstract maps, he also includes world maps that highlight diverse aspects of the world, such as obesity, the probability of being struck by lightening, and metal bands per capita (Finland has the most).
This is a book that, if you let it, will take up hours of your time just looking at the details. Truly a strange and unique work of art.
It's not even mid-year but it is likely The Last Painting of Sara de Vos will be one of my top ten fiction books of the year.
Three continents, three centuries, three lives are linked by a rare 17th century painting. Add in art forgery, death, deception, and love from the Dutch countryside in the 1600s to an art collector in New York City in the 1950s to an art scholar in Sydney, Australia in 2000 for an enthralling novel.
Although there are no illustrations, I can see in my mind the painting in question, "At the End of the Wood," from the vivid description.
I'm recommending this book to all my reading friends. Look for it on my "Best of 2016" list in the late fall.
The Iranian photographer Abbas has been taking emblematic and emotionally charged photographs since the 1970's. Often focusing on world religions and politics, Abbas's latest collection, IN WHOSE NAME?, points the lens at the Islamic world after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States. The 173 black-and-white photographs made by Abbas in 16 countries over a seven-year period represent a unique perspective on the Islamic world that attempts to overcome the implicit bias of western politics and attitudes and to present the subjects and situations as they were found and without judgment. The photographs are striking and thought provoking on a number of levels and the included honest and raw journal entries from the photographer only add to the dramatic effect.
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Join Couchsurfing to see Alexandre's full profile. It's free!
About Me
Find the place where I should spend the rest of my life !
Young and easygoing . If I love travelling it's for tons of reasons but especially because I m really interested in all the different cultures. It s also to see everything that needs to be seen
Why I'm on Couchsurfing
Lately, it has been a bit more complicate... it s a shame, I used to go to meetings, host and guide people but haven't done it for a while now.
I ve hosted plenty of people and I ve been hosted by plenty of people in the past... and with every single one of them, we shared something special!
Everything!!! Night life,history,wilderness,cutlures(that includes sports,People,food-drinks ... )
...really Anything ... just share ur passion and I ll listen ... and I ll try it
- dining
- drinking
- traveling
- canoeing
- sports
- history
- tourism
One Amazing Thing I've Done
I think a 10 days Canoe trip on the North Saskatuan river in Alberta ... it was a really intense adventure... no shower,no house,nothing ... just us and the wonderful wilderness
Teach, Learn, Share
Share what I know about my country, share my happiness, teach you some french...
And I can certainly learn from you !
Countries I've Visited
Canada, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, Liechtenstein, Portugal, Romania, Tunisia, United Kingdom, United States
Countries I've Lived In
South Korea

subset: commoncrawl


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Talk:B. J. Ward (actress)
|This article must adhere to the biographies of living persons policy, even if it is not a biography, because it contains material about living persons. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libellous. If such material is repeatedly inserted, or if you have other concerns, please report the issue to this noticeboard. If you are connected to one of the subjects of this article and need help, please see this page.
|WikiProject Biography / Arts and Entertainment
|(Rated Stub-class)
|WikiProject Women
|(Rated Stub-class)
Which birth year is correct?[edit]
The infobox says B.J. was born in 1953, and the list of categories includes "1953 births", but the article itself says she was born in 1944. Which year is correct? JHVipond (talk) 02:56, 5 April 2011 (UTC)
Birth year again; Playboy Bunny[edit]
These are two separate but related issues.
- What is her birth year? There's one source currently being used that supports the 1954 year here. I know nothing about how reliable that source is, it's possible that it's not reliable at all or of limited use (like IMDB) even though I see it is used elsewhere on Wikipedia.
- This same source also claims that she was a former Playboy Bunny. Again, not sure how reliable that is.
To date I have not been able to find any other source to corroborate either of those claims. The Playboy Bunny claim might be considered controversial which would fall under WP:BLP meaning that unless we're absolutely sure about the source we shouldn't include that information. But if we can't trust that source on that piece of info, can we trust it for the birth date? It's always possible that they got their information from an earlier version of this article. At this point I'm inclined to remove both the birth date (in its entirety) and the Playboy Bunny claim unless another reliable source(s) is found to support those claims. Any other ideas? SQGibbon (talk) 15:21, 29 April 2011 (UTC)
- A different source was supplied for her years as a Playboy Bunny which definitely makes the 1954 birth year highly improbable. Not sure whether Explayboybunnies.com is a reliable source, though. For now her birth date has been removed entirely. I suspect the Playboy Bunny claim still needs a better source. SQGibbon (talk) 15:45, 1 May 2011 (UTC)
"I Suspect the Playboy Bunny claim still nees a better source" Well aren't we very doubthful and suspicious today. What are you a Democrat? (that was a joke)BHillbillies (talk) 16:30, 1 May 2011 (UTC)
- Well, that site doesn't state where it gets its information and it is entirely possible that the list linked to is based on what the site owner has seen online like, say, on Wikipedia. That sort of thing does happen where something is inserted as a hoax on Wikipedia then gets quoted as true by on outside website which then gets used as a source on Wikipedia to support the hoax. This doesn't mean that the Playboy Bunny claim is false but I would like to see a better source, a reliable source, for the claim. SQGibbon (talk) 17:32, 1 May 2011 (UTC)
Requested move[edit]
- The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.
The result of the move request was: page moved to the spaced version, since the lede uses the spaced version. -- JHunterJ (talk) 11:52, 21 May 2012 (UTC)
Betty Jean Ward → B.J. Ward (actress) – Per WP:COMMONNAME. Trivialist (talk) 21:11, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
- Comment: the house style is with a space between initials, i.e. "B. J. Ward (actress)". HandsomeFella (talk) 07:21, 14 May 2012 (UTC)
- Actually, although using the space is more common, both forms are acceptable. Jafeluv (talk) 10:15, 14 May 2012 (UTC)
- The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.
Smurf role(s)[edit]
I've seen her moniker on The Smurfs but she's not given on the voice list here; does anybody know who she was on the 1980's show? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2602:302:D85:4C39:AD69:CF8B:F87E:30C0 (talk) 05:17, 12 January 2015 (UTC)
- Biography articles of living people
- Stub-Class biography articles
- Stub-Class biography (arts and entertainment) articles
- Unknown-importance biography (arts and entertainment) articles
- Arts and entertainment work group articles
- Wikipedia requested photographs of artists and entertainers
- WikiProject Biography articles
- Stub-Class WikiProject Women articles
- WikiProject Women articles


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Think Idaho is only for potatoes? Think again. Worley, Idaho has a gem with its Coeur d'Alene Casino Resort and its luxury spa, Spa Ssakwa'q'n (pronounced sock-walk-in). Set on the massive Coeur d'Alene tribe's reservation, this amazing resort is all about utilizing it's natural resources, giving back to the local community (taking care of its own tribe as well as helping non-indians) and giving visitors a taste of what Idaho has to offer.
Coeur d'Alene Casino Resort:
The resort and casino have undergone many expansions since it first came into existence in 1993. When I first approached the resort, I was in awe of how large it was. On the one side is the original casino and lodge, then an expansion, then the new Spa Towers and spa (which were added about 2 years ago.) It is beautiful on the outside with a great view of snow covered mountaintops.
I stayed in the new Spa Towers, which has a gorgeous lobby with a long horizontal fireplace. As you head to the elevators, you pass a second seating area which has beautiful tribal pieces set behind glass to browse. Past the elevators is a smaller, non-smoking casino that leads into the newly renovated Chinook Steak House. Down the hallway to the right is the second Spa Tower, fitness center, and Spa Ssakwa'q'n. Read more


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With four games left in the Greene King IPA Championship season, Bedford Blues are delighted to confirm one new signing along with two re-signings for the 2016/17 campaign.
Lock Will Carrick-Smith is heading to Goldington Road having signed on from fellow Championship side London Scottish. The second row star who stands at an impressive six feet 11 inches and tips the scales at 129kg (that's 20 stone 4lb) has had one season at the Exiles having previously gained Premiership experience with Exeter Chiefs.
The final 2016 Six Nations fixture will be screened live on the big screen in the Scrum Bar this Saturday night as England face France with the opportunity of sealing the Grand Slam.
In a slight change to the original plans, doors now open at 7:30pm on the evening, ready for the big 8pm kick off with Happy Hour prices available on most draught beers.
Food will not be being served, but you are more than welcome to bring your own, whether it's pizza or picnic, but strictly no drink allowed. Support your club by watching England with a few reduced priced beers.
Bedford Blues' Piers O'Conor has been named February's Greene King IPA Championship Player of the Month. The fullback won the title after securing top spot in a public vote, with Doncaster's Matt Challinor coming in second.
Twenty year old O'Conor was nominated in February's line up after proving a revelation for the club during their march back to the top six of the Championship table. After playing for England in the World Rugby U20 Championship final last June, O'Conor has continued his excellent form to stake a regular claim for the Blues coveted fullback shirt.
Bedford Blues went out of the British and Irish Cup on Friday evening as they went down 15-19 to Jersey - you can see all of the tries HERE.
The Islanders have proven to be the thorn in the side for Mike Rayer's men this season as they have racked up their third win wins out of three in the league and cup.
Bedford were left massively frustrated at the final whistle as they did have opportunities to win the tie but on one too many occasions the greasy ball slipped out of hand - most notably when Piers O'Conor made a fantastic break with Pat Tapley in support but the winger just couldn't grasp the odd shaped ball.
British & Irish Cup action returns to Goldington Road on Friday night as Bedford Blues play host to Jersey in the Quarter-Final of the competition.
While the Islanders have two victories over the Blues in the Greene King IPA Championship, Bedford have been in superb form in the cup with the only blot on the page being an away loss to Bristol in the Pool stage.
Bedford make two changes in the backs to the team that came from behind to beat Ealing Trailfinders in the league last weekend with Jordan Burns and Jake Sharp starting at scrum half and fly half respectively while Sam James, James Currie and Paul Tupai all start in the pack.
It's Cup Quarter Final week at Goldington Road as Blues head straight back into home action this Friday against Jersey in the British & Irish Cup knockout fixture (Kick Off 19:45).
Following Saturday's thrilling comeback win versus Ealing Trailfinders, the Bedford boys return to confident spirits ahead of the Friday night lights match where they again meet the Channel Islanders who have managed to get the better of Mike Rayer's men twice already this season.
The Blues will be hunting a revenge mission with a semi-final berth at place away at either Yorkshire Carnegie or Moseley the following weekend.
Bedford Blues fullback Piers O'Conor has been nominated for The Greene King IPA Championship Player of the Month for February and he needs your vote to take the title.
O'Conor has proven to be a revelation for the Blues during their march back to the top four of the Championship table. After playing for England in the World Rugby U20 Championship final last June, O'Conor has kept the likes of club stalwarts James Pritchard and Steffan Jones out of the club's fullback shirt. Already touching down seven times this season including against Ealing Trailfinders at the weekend, his electrifying pace suggests he'll have plenty more to add to that tally before the campaign concludes.
As much as I don't want to say it, it really was a game of two halves at Goldington Road on Saturday afternoon as Bedford Blues recovered from 7-24 down to beat Ealing Trailfinders 33-24.
Despite a second minute try, the Blues were on the back foot during the opening 40 with a resurgent Ealing running in three converted tries and a penalty to lead by 17 at the break.
Whatever was said at the interval had the desired effect as Bedford shut up shop in defence and scored four tries to win the game and send their fans home happy.
Bedford Blues return to Goldington Road this weekend for a crucial Greene King IPA Championship game against Ealing Trailfinders.
The Blues head into the encounter off the back of two league defeats to Jersey and Rotherham, and they know that Ealing will be fighting for everything as they try to put some light between themselves and Moseley at the bottom of the table.
Bedford have been left disappointed with their last two league outings, but will be doing everything that they can to get back on track as they look to finish the season on a high.
This Saturday's big shop sale item will be an official Blues Hoodie with 20% off both the original and full zip hoodies only available on match day v Ealing Trailfinders.
Each remaining home game the Blues Shop will feature one big sale item to get your hands on and this weekend's represents a fantastic bargain for one of the Blues' best-selling leisurewear garments..
The 20% discount of all in stock adults and kids hoodies equals a saving of nearly £10 off the adult range. Just pop into the Club Shop on match day to take advantage.
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Video Industry News Video Company News Technology Industry News Technology Company News Novelty Industry News Novelty Company News Gay Industry News Gay Company News Legal Industry News All Company News
Released: Dec 01st, 1996
Running Time: 85
Director: Al Borda
Company: Sin City Entertainment
Cast: Dick Nasty, Nici Sterling, Fonda French, Luna Parker, Rachele, Al Borda, Skyla Woods, Wolde Oscar, Tabitha Stevens
Critical Rating: AAA
Genre: Gonzo
Tabitha Stevens is back, ready to lick Borda's butt again, while the bad boy himself sits back on his leather couch, watching himself receive skull in Sinboy 2 on his big screen TV. Next, Nici and Wilde Oscar take direction from the Unholy One, who eventually takes command of her orifices. With eight fingers up her cooze, spread wide open to offer an unobstructed view of her left kidnet, he enlists the cock of Wilde in a d.p. that has the English songbird singin'. While not groundbreaking, stock this in accordance to past Borda successes.


text: 16 May 2013 David Beckham's hairstyles through the years Previous slide Next slide 1 of 24 View All Skip Ad David Beckham might have announced his retirement from football, but we can still look back at his statement hairstyles, which became as famous as his goals 1997: Before his experimentations with Bic razors, bleach and Brylcream, David Beckham was just a promising Manchester United football player whose hairstyle didn't get much more sophisticated than mousy, lank curtains. 1998: Cue a relationship with a Posh Spice, then known as Victoria Adams, and Beckham's greasy curtains were traded for a luscious highlighted hue, earning him a contract with a man's ultimate styling companion: Brylcream. 1999: The matching outfits begin, but thankfully not matching hairstyles. Though Posh was sporting a 'do reminiscent of 'There's Something About Mary', David was all about the sweeping, highlighted fringe. 2000: Beckham's penchant for sporting a pair of diamond-encrusted earrings coincided with his skinhead phase. Far from making him look like an East End bad boy, the less hair he had, the prettier he looked. 2001: The mohawk that spawned a million more mohawks. Boys and men across the land copied Beckham's mini-mohawk, which was less Punk and more perfectly preened. 2001: David said bye-bye to the mini-mohawk later the same year, shaving it off and replacing it with two very 'gangster' tracks. Add some serious pinky-finger bling, a diamond-bedazzled watch and two sparkling cross studs and et voilà, he was all set to join P.Diddy and his crew. 2002: Lashings of hair gel created David's next look - second-hand-car-salesman-come-wannabe-rapper-from-Essex. Not his finest hour. 2002: A new style of mohawk reared its head in May 2002. Slightly longer this time, and bleached too. No less heinous though. 2002: As if by magic, a few months later the footballer was sporting a peroxide blonde mop, artfully mussed up, of course. 2003: If someone had given a ponytailed Beckham a chair, he could have passed for the sixth member of the Backstreet Boys. 2003: Bored with the simple ponytail, Beckham tried out a masculine mini-bun, hmmm. 2003: He introduced hairbands to the male species later on in 2003, sporting one to keep his golden locks out of his eyes during matches. 2003: Without a doubt, Beckham's most epic fail on the hair front. Nope, as far as we're aware he hadn't been on a package holiday to the Dominican Republic - which is about the only plausible excuse. The visible scalp-to-hair ratio and little rat-tails creeping down his neck make this 'do shudder-inducing. 2004: Corn rows thankfully abandoned, Beckham let his locks grow top bob length and returned to the bleach bottle. 2005: Bleach abandoned again, and Dave returns to a natural mousy hue with his mullet-esque number, which made him look more trainee hairdresser than hair hero. 2006: Probably David's most 'normal' haircut to date. Natural colour, and longish all over, he was clearly a little tired from the years of experimentation. 2007: This was a blink-and-you'll miss it comb-over moment, but we rather like it. Dave looked quite pleased with himself at the time, too. 2008: Does Becks secretly hope we'd all forgotten his peroxide blonde fuzz-ball stage? Never, we won't let him… 2008: He might be sporting a microphone head here, but at least he grew out that blonde tint. 2009: Even when slacking on hair maintenance (an SOS bleach and trim is job required here), the footballing hero still manages to exude cool. 2010: A bit windswept and with his tint au naturel, David looks every inch the knackered working father-of-four. 2011: Certainly his most distinguished cut to date, here Beckham looks like the perfect gent with short back and sides at the wedding of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge. 2012: Here to stay? A 38-year-old Beckham appears to be enjoying his classic 'do. Back to image Back to image Back to image Back to image Back to image Back to image Back to image Back to image Back to image Back to image Back to image Back to image Back to image Back to image Back to image Back to image Back to image Back to image Back to image Back to image Back to image Back to image Back to image Back to image Back to image


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Carbon Motors E7 police car – Click above fore high-res image gallery
Carbon Motors Police Car
38Carbon Motors picks Connersville, IN for new HQ, E7 police car production
- Jeremy Korzeniewski
- Jul 30, 2009
- 38
Carbon Motors E7 - Click above for high-res image gallery
21Carbon Motors reports 10,000 preorders for diesel-powered E7 police car
- Jeremy Korzeniewski
- Jun 12, 2009
- 21
Carbon Motors E7 - Click above for high-res image gallery
39Carbon Motors reports 10,000 pre-orders for diesel-powered E7 police car
- Jeremy Korzeniewski
- Jun 12, 2009
- 39
17Diesel-powered Carbon E7 police car to go on sale in 2012
- Jeremy Korzeniewski
- Feb 6, 2009
- 17
Click on the image above for a high-res image gallery of the Carbon Motors E7
79Carbon E7 police car headed for duty in 2012
31Carbon Motors releases first video of E7 cop car and in-car gadgets
- Jeremy Korzeniewski
- Oct 15, 2008
- 31
Law enforcement officers have more reasons to be excited with Carbon Motors' release of a few more images and a video of its purpose-built Police car. The E7, as it is currently known, looks to be much more capable than the thousands of Crown Vics, Impalas and Chargers currently roaming our streets due to its rather amazing list of specifications and gadgetry. Included are a diesel engine capable of accelerating to 65 in under 7-seconds, composite body panels attached to an aluminum structure, 3
31Carbon Motors releases real shots of purpose-built E7 police car
- Jeremy Korzeniewski
- Oct 9, 2008
- 31
Click above for more shots of the Carbon Motors E7
2Carbon Motors hopes to put the Police in diesels
- Jeremy Korzeniewski
- Sep 29, 2008
- 2
Click above for more renderings of the Carbon Motors E7
- Volvo shoots for self-drivers by 2021
- Jeep spends $1 billion on factories
- Find Parts & Accessories for your vehicle!
- Obama rolls out new EV plan
- Infiniti dealers ranked best, Tesla worst
- Compare Volvo XC90 and Lincoln MKX


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2 reviews | 3.5 out of 5
I bought this cd because I am a Usher fan. I have all his previous cd's so I chose to buy this to add to my collection. Little did I realize, every song has something to do with or is about..."graphic material". I didn't realize this until my family noticed the graphic lyrics. I wouldn't recommend this album to anyone. :/


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jul 26, 1983
|Filing date
|Aug 27, 1981
|Priority date
|Aug 27, 1981
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Peter A. Crean, John M. Schneider, Anthony F. Lipani
|Original Assignee
|Xerox Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (8), Referenced by (23), Classifications (7), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to ink jet printing and more particularly concerns an ink jet printer configuration which enhances ink droplet placement accuracy.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,596,275 to Sweet discloses a recording system wherein a sequence of ink droplets are directed to a recording medium in a controlled manner in order to encode that medium with information. Subsequent to the work done by Sweet, a variety of ink jet architectural designs have been proposed to enhance ink jet recording performance. These alternate designs have had as an aim, increased speed, improved resolution, reduced cost, and improved reliablity and maintainability.
A typical Sweet-type ink jet printer has one or more ink jet nozzles through which ink under pressure is directed toward a record medium which might, for example, comprise a sheet of paper. As ink is forced through the one or more nozzles, an exterior source of energy provides a perturbation to the ink to induce droplets of ink to break off at controlled intervals a well-defined distance from the ink jet generator. At the point of droplet breakoff, these droplets may be immediately charged by induction so that the droplet trajectory may be altered by a uniform electric field downstream from the droplet formation point.
The Sweet-type ink jet generators can be subclassified according to the particular configuration employed. In one type of arrangement, the ink droplets travel in a path dependent on their charge to a guttering system or in the alternative, the ink droplet is charged to avoid the guttering systems and travels to the paper. This architectural scheme is the basis for so-called binary ink jet systems. In the binary system, either a 1:1 correspondence exists between the number of ink jet nozzles and the incremental areas of coverage on the paper, or some type of relative transverse movement between generators and paper is provided so that one nozzle can throw ink to more than one picture element or pixel.
A second type of Sweet ink jet system employs a transverse scanning arrangement wherein once the droplets have been charged to an appropriate value, passage through the uniform electric field interposed between the generator and the record medium causes the ink droplet to scan transverse to the direction of paper motion. In this so-called "stitched" arrangement, a given ink jet nozzle supplies ink droplets to a number of incremental areas (pixels) on the paper. The term "stitched" derives from the fact that ink droplets from adjacent nozzles must be carefully positioned so they stitch together to completely cover the paper. It should be appreciated that for both a stitched type and binary type ink jet arrangement, relative longitudinal movement between the generator and the paper is provided as the ink droplets fly toward the paper.
One generic type ink jet printer uses a so called "drop on demand" drop printing technique. In this type system, relative movement between the paper and the ink jet generator is provided in a manner similar to the Sweet system. In the drop on demand system, however, ink droplets are generated only for those incremental areas on the paper where information is to be encoded. These systems require no guttering system since all droplets emitted from the generators strike the paper. A second feature of the drop on demand system is that no charging mechanism is required to alter the path of ink droplet travel. Each droplet follows a straight path to the paper so that no electric field generating apparatus is required. From the above it is apparent that both Sweet-type and "drop on demand" type jet printers have certain similarities, i.e. both configurations direct droplets of ink at a recond medium such as paper or the like, at controlled times to encode regions of the medium in a controlled way. The attraction of the "drop on demand" technique is that no charging and guttering equipment is required.
One perceived constraint on the "drop on demand" configuration is an upper boundary to the speed of information throughput such a system can handle. If, for example, the ink jet system is to be employed in a letter quality printer, it is presently believed a copy rate of about one page every thirty seconds is possible with the drop on demand system. While this speed may be adequate for a typewriter, it is not adequate for other ink jet applications. Those ink jet applications requiring high speed operation have favored the Sweet-type continuous drop production systems.
In a high speed ink jet copier/printer, the record medium must move past the ink jet generator at a fairly high rate of speed, and while doing so, each of the droplets generated must either be accurately directed to a particular paper position or to an ink gutter. Sources of inaccuracy of drop placement are encountered from either drop to drop electrostatic interactions or drop to air aerodynamic forces which divert the droplet from a preferred trajectory to the paper.
The aerodynamic interaction between a drop and the air in the vicinity of the drop would produce few, if any, adverse affects if the droplet were passing to the paper by itself without the slipstreaming effects caused by the presence of neighboring droplets close to a particular droplet. Each droplet would experience braking forces due to air resistance and deaccelerate uniformly. In a stream of droplets, however, those drops that lead the way experience greater braking than those drops in their wake. The lead drops spend a longer time in the deflecting field than does an identical droplet traveling in its wake. The increased time the droplet is deflected by the electric field causes a greater deflection of the drop and this difference in deflection caused by aerodynamic effects must be taken into account in a drop placement strategy.
The difference in drop speed caused by aerodynamic effects alters the placement strategy in a second way. It should be recalled that the paper is moving relative to the drop generator at a fairly high rate of speed. The braking cause by aerodynamic forces will cause an otherwise identically generated droplet to arrive at the paper plane later than a droplet traveling in the wake of a preceding drop. This difference in transit time again introduces a further source of drop misplacement.
The aerodynamic effects experienced by moving drops can also have affects on the drop to drop electrostatic interaction. Droplets experiencing greater aerodynamic braking will fall back into close proximity to faster moving drops. Since the drops are charged, this can result in either a merging together of two droplets or possibly an electrostatically generated bouncing away of one drop from another. Either phenomenon will disrupt the originally anticipated droplet trajectory and lead to drop placement error.
Electrostatic interactions in addition to the aerodynamically induced electrostatic interaction as mentioned above can affect the trajectory of the droplets in their travel to the paper plane. A first electrostatic interaction occurs as the droplets are being charged in a charging tunnel. Each of the three or four droplets preceding a given drop will induce a secondary charge on the drop as that drop is being formed. Unless compensated for at the time of droplet formation, this induced charge phenomena adds another source of droplet misplacement.
Even without the aerodynamic affect discussed previously, the electrostatic forces between drops in flight can deflect them from their intended trajectory and thereby cause droplet misplacement errors. Electrostatic interaction begins once the droplets are produced and continues until the droplet strikes either the paper or the gutter. Sweet-type architectures with a stitched drop configuration encounter particularly severe electrostatic interaction. In the stitched configuration, where bipolar scanning is used, i.e. droplets are both positively and negatively charged depending upon their desired trajectory, highly charged droplets directed to the gutter can have significant interactions with either negatively or positively charged droplets in close proximity to the gutter droplets. Droplets whose intended trajectory is to the paper can interact with the gutter ink droplets before deflection occurs. It is therefore seen to be desirable that the charge on all droplets be minimized so that electrostatic interactions are also reduced.
Once charged droplets enter the deflecting field, a drop may experience electrostatic attraction or repulsion as it begins to deflect away from the gutter trajectory. This phenomenon is particularly troublesome for those droplets in close proximity to highly charged gutter droplets in a bipolar system. The length of time a given drop spends close to a highly charged gutter drop varies inversely with the intended deflection of the droplet. A drop deflected to a pixel far away from the gutter stream experiences the least affect because of its rapid deflection away from the gutter stream. Conversely, drops directed to pixels in close proximity to the gutter stream experience the greatest electrostatic effects and therefore the most pronounced drop placement errors.
From the above it should be seen that so long as a charged droplet is moving through air in close proximity to other charged droplets, sources of drop placement inaccuracies are inevitable. It is an aim, however, of the present invention to reduce as much as possible, the deleterious effects such interactions cause.
2. Prior Art
Efforts to reduce the adverse affects caused by electrostatic and aerodynamic interactions between closely adjacent droplets are known in the art. U.S. Pat. No. 4,054,882, for example, discloses a technique for interlacing or non-sequentially directing ink droplets to a recording medium. The theory behind the technique disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,054,882 is that once the droplets are charged, it is desirable that closely adjacent droplets be separated so that the inverse square drop off in coulomb interaction is experienced. An interlace strategy such as the one disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,054,882 also reduces the aerodynamic interactions between closely adjacent droplets in the droplet stream. A more uniform aerodynamic breaking effect is experienced by each of the droplets in the stream rather than some droplets having their path shielded by previous droplets in the sequence.
Another technique known in the art for reducing electrostatic and aerodynamic interactions is the use of guard drops. Guard drops are drops which are directed to the gutter but separate those droplets which are intended to strike the paper. Use of guard drops is inefficient since all guard drops are guttered and never used for printing.
While U.S. Pat. No. 4,054,882 addresses the aerodynamic and electrostatic interaction between droplets, practice of the present invention further reduces the adverse effects of these phenomenon and in particular reduce these effects in a bipolar scanning type Sweet system. It should be appreciated that bipolar scanning systems are not new per se, but that the present invention relates specifically to an improved bipolar system in which the interaction between droplets and air are reduced. U.S. Pat. No. 3,877,036 to Loeffler et al., for example, discloses a bipolar scanning configuration wherein both positively and negatively charged droplets are directed to an electric field which causes those droplets to impinge upon a record medium at a location dependent upon the magnitude of the charge. While both bipolar and interlace strategies exist in the prior art, to applicant's knowledge, there has been no suggestion to modify the conventional bipolar and/or interlace strategy in conformity with the technique disclosed in the present application.
The present inention combines an interlace strategy with a bipolar architectural configuration and in addition takes into account drop charging histories to reduce the adverse affect experienced by drop to drop and drop with air interactions. Through practice of the invention an improved performance bipolar stitched configuration is achieved wherein the flight path between ink jet generator and paper is shortened and drop placement accuracies are enhanced.
Apparatus constructed in conformity with the invention comprises an ink jet marking array having a number of ink jet column generators, each generator including means for directing a series of ink droplets in the direction of a recording medium. The apparatus includes spaced electrodes for creating regions of substantially uniform electric field strength through which the ink droplets travel in their trajectory towards the recording medium. The electrodes are configured in relation to the generator such that each series of droplets from a given generator enters an associated region substantially midway between the electrodes. In other words, a bipolar scanning arrangement is envisioned.
A charging mechanism is included for inducing charge on the droplets prior to the travel to an associated region thereby causing the droplets to strike a particular area of the recording medium or to travel to means for intercepting the droplets. The subsequent droplet trajectory depends upon the induced charge polarity and magnitude provided by the charging mechanism. The charging mechanism operates to spatially separate closely adjacent droplets to diminish electrostatic and aerodynamic interactions between the closely adjacent droplets in their path to the recording medium.
The combination of interlace strategy with bipolar scanning reduces the flight path required to properly stitch the ink jet coverage. By reducing the flight path, both aerodynamic and electrostatic interactions are diminished thereby increasing the predictability of proper droplet placement on the recording medium. It has been observed that the use of an interlace approach with a bi-polar scanning architecture obviates the need for guard drops.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the spaced electrodes for creating the electric fields through which the droplets pass are configured to maintain the regions at electric field strength slightly less than the breakdown field of air for the particular environment in which the ink jet apparatus is to perform. By maintaining the electrodes at very high potentials, the charge necessary to completely cover the recording medium is diminished and therefore the coulomb interaction between highly charged gutter drops and those droplets directed to the paper are diminished.
According to a second feature of the invention, the drop charge history is taken into account for each of the subsequent drops in determining how large a charge should be induced at the charging tunnel. Thus, for example, a droplet in close proximity to a number of highly charged gutter drops has the induced charge modified to take into account both the secondary charge induction caused before droplet breakoff and the inevitable coulomb interaction between the drop and those highly charged gutter drops.
According to the preferred architectural design, the gutters for intercepting droplets not directed to the paper form an integral part of the electrodes for creating the high intensity electric field. In this configuration, alternate ones of the electrodes are grounded and these grounded electrodes are utilized as both field generating electrodes and as a conduit for recirculating unused ink droplets back to the ink jet generator.
From the above, it is apparent that one object of the present invention is to reduce the adverse effects experienced by ink droplets through coulomb and aerodynamic interactions on their trajectory toward the paper path. This and other objects of the present invention will become better understood when the detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the invention is considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic elevation view of an ink jet printing apparatus.
FIG. 2 is a top view of a unipolar ink jet deflection configuration.
FIG. 3 is a top view showing a bipolar deflection configuration constructed in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows a series of an ink droplets in travel to a printing medium.
FIG. 5 shows a series of droplets similar to those shown in FIG. 4 but wherein the droplets have been interlaced to reduced drop placement inaccuracies.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the interlaced droplets depicted in FIG. 5.
FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation of the drop placement on a record medium corresponding to interlaced and non-interlaced drop trajectories.
FIG. 8 is a schematic showing a method for charging the ink droplets in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 9 shows an amplifier subsystem used for converting a digital signal related to the desired charge on a droplet to analog voltage for charging that droplet.
Refer now to the drawings and in particular FIG. 1, wherein there is depicted a schematic representation of a Sweet type ink jet printer 10 comprising an ink jet generator 12 having a manifold for generating a plurality of jet columns 14. Since FIG. 1 is a side view only one column is seen in that figure but it should be appreciated that a series of nozzles extend along the manifold to generate a series of parallel ink columns. The generator 12 is coupled to an ink reservoir 16 from which ink is pumped by a pump 18 to the generator 12. The pump 18 maintains ink inside the generator 12 at a pressure sufficient to cause ink to be squirted through orifices in the manifold toward a recording member 20 moving in relation to the ink jet generator 12. Also coupled to the generator 12 is a source of excitation 22 which causes the columns 14 to break up into ink droplets 24 at a well-defined distance from the generator 12. As the columns 14 are breaking up into individual droplets 24, a charging electrode 26 induces a net electric charge on each droplet in accordance with a scheme related to a desired subsequent droplet trajectory.
Downstream from the charging electrode 26 are located a number of field creating electrodes 28 which are energized to voltages which create an electric field through which the charged droplets 24 must pass. As is well known, a charged particle passing through an electric field will experience a force related to both the magnitude and polarity of the charge on the particle and the electric field strength through which it is passing. An uncharged droplet, therefore, will pass unimpeded through the electrodes 28 toward the recording member 20. A charged particle will be diverted in its initial trajectory depending upon its charge magnitude and polarity. By transmitting appropriate charging potentials to the charging electrode 26 as each droplet passes that electrode, it is possible to selectively bend or redirect those droplets to a desired portion of the recording medium.
As will be seen below in relation to the discussion of an exemplary bipolar ink jet printer, certain highly charged droplets are directed to a gutter 30 for recirculation to the ink reservoir. The reason that these droplets must be highly charged will become apparent when discussing the bipolar system.
Droplets which are either uncharged or charged to a level insufficient to cause their trajectory to lead to the gutter 30, are directed past a droplet sensor 32 to the recording medium 20. The drop sensor 32 is used to sense passage of ink droplets toward the recording media and modify printer operation to insure that ink droplets from the plurality of columns are properly stitched together to allow each incremental region on the recording medium to be accessed by droplets from one of the manifold nozzles. An example of the use and application of a typical drop sensor 32 is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,225,754 to Crean et al. entitled "Differential Fiber Optic Sensing Method and Apparatus for Ink Jet Recorders" which has been assigned to the assignee of the present invention. The Crean et al. patent is herein expressly incorporated by reference. The functioning of the drop sensor 32 is to calibrate the printer by observing droplet trajectories during a calibrate mode of operation.
A second gutter 34 for recirculating ink droplets is used to intercept droplets generated while calibrating the system with the aid of the drop sensor 32. One application to which the present invention has particular applicability is a high speed ink jet device wherein successive sheets of paper are transmitted past the ink jet print and encoded with information. Experience has indicated that it is desirable to recalibrate the printer at periodic intervals to insure that the droplets 24 are directed to desired regions on the recording member 20. To accomplish this calibration, ink droplets are generated and caused to travel past the sensors 32 when no recording member 20 is in position to receive those droplets. In the calibrate mode of operation, it is therefore necessary that a gutter 34 be positioned to intercept droplets when no recording member is present.
A transport mechanism 36 is also shown in FIG. 1. The transport 36 is used to move individual sheets of paper or the like past the printer 10 at a controlled rate of speed. Since the present printer is a high speed device, a mechanism must be included in the transport 36 for delivering unmarked paper to the transport and for stripping marked paper away from the transport once it has been encoded by the priner 10. These features of the transport 36 have not been illustrated in FIG. 1.
Ink droplet generation, charging and recording medium transport are all controlled by a central processor or controller 38 which interfaces to the various components of the printer 10 by digital to analog and analog to digital converters 40-44. Details regarding the functioning of the controller 38 and in particular the details regarding the application of charges to the droplets will be discussed subsequently in relation to FIGS. 8 and 9.
As mentioned previously, the present application relates to an improved ink jet printer wherein the particular architecture chosen comprises a bipolar Sweet type generator. To illustrate the advantages of such a bipolar arrangement, both a unipolar and bipolar system have been illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3. The unipolar system shown in FIG. 2 is similar in design to the ink jet printer illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 4,238,804 to Warren which issued on Dec. 9, 1980. In a unipolar system, each droplet is either uncharged or charged to a magnitude related to its desired position in the paper plane. In the illustrated unipolar architectural design, it is necessary that the droplets which are charged (i.e non-guttered drops) all receive the same polarity charge at the charging electrode 26. Thus, if the electric field in FIG. 2 is directed from electrode 28a to 28b and from 28b to 28c, the charge applied by the charging electrode 26 must apply a positive charge to each droplet at the time of droplet breakoff to cause those droplets to be deflected as illustrated in FIG. 2. In a unipolar arrangement, uncharged droplets pass in close proximity to one of the field generating electrodes 28 and are collected by the gutter 30.
The distance between the end of the field generating electrodes 28a, 28b, and 28c and the paper plane is more than half the entire distance between the entrance to the electrodes and the paper plane. This rather long path length is required to enable droplets from adjacent ink jet columns to be stitched together to cover the entire width of the paper. Thus, the lowermost stream of droplets from the bottom column in FIG. 2 must be capable of being deflected to a point P where droplets from the next column can intercept the paper. Due to the unipolar construction, droplets from this adjacent column must be charged an amount to cause them to miss the gutter 30 and travel to the stitch point P. It is seen that the deflection distance y that a maximumly deflected droplet must traverse between each pair of electrodes is almost equal to the separation between those electrodes.
Choice of a unipolar system has adverse affects on drop to drop and drop with air interactions. In order to insure that droplets from adjacent columns are properly stitched together, a long flight time is required after the droplets leave the charging electrodes 6 until they strike the paper. Coulomb and aerodynamic interaction occur over a substantial timespan and as a result, the charged droplets which strike the paper can be badly misplaced. The droplet misplacement occurs non-linearly with time so that small initial placement errors are amplified the longer it takes those droplets to reach the recording medium.
Turning now to FIG. 3, there is illustrated a bipolar ink jet arrangement wherein the geometrical relation between the charging electrodes 26 and the generator 12 has been modified to reduce drop misplacements. The term bipolar is used since the charged droplets passing through the deflection electrodes 28 may be either positively or negatively charged depending upon their desired locations in the print plane. According to a preferred embodiment of the bipolar arrangement, alternate ones of the field generating electrodes 28 are grounded. For this reason, the direction of the electric field generated by the electrodes 28 alternates between subsequent ones of the electrode pairs. Thus, if the electrodes 28d is grounded while the electrodes 28e and 28f are maintained at a positive potential, the lines of electric field would be directed toward the grounded electrode 28d. In the bipolar configuration, ink droplets enter the region between field generating electrodes 28 at a position approximately midway between those electrodes. If uncharged, these droplets will pass straight through the electrodes and strike the paper path. If positively charged, they will be deflected toward the grounded electrode 28d. If negatively charged, they will be deflected away from this electrode. Those droplets which are not to be printed on the recording medium 20 are charged to a sufficient degree to cause them to be deflected to a gutter 46 comprising a portion of the grounded electrode 28d.
A comparison of the bipolar arrangement (FIG. 3) with the unipolar arrangement (FIG. 2), illustrates the advantages of the bipolar system from a drop placement strategy standpoint. The maximum deflection y for a given droplet between the deflection electrodes is only approximately one half the spacing between those electrodes 28. By incorporating the gutter 46 into alternate ones of the field generating electrodes it is no longer necessary that paper-bound droplets avoid a protruding gutter as was the case for a unipolar system. It is seen by comparing the FIG. 3 bipolar arrangement with the FIG. 2 unipolar architecture that the requirement that adjacent ink droplets be stitched together at a stitch point P is achieved much easier with a bipolar system and that the distance between the electrodes 28 and the paper plane is significantly reduced.
It is apparent that the reduced distance between electrodes and paper path reduces the electrostatic and aerodynamic interactions which the droplet must experience on its trajectory to the paper. Since the maximum deflection of any printed drop has been decreased in the bipolar system, it is also possible that the total charge applied to the droplets can be reduced with accompanying reduction in coulomb electrostatic interactions. The magnitude of the electrostatic force between two charged droplets is proportional to the product of the absolute value of the charge on those droplets. A bipolar system using both positive and negative charges results in smaller charge magnitudes and thus smaller droplet misplacements. From the above it is seen that the utilization of a bipolar ink jet printing architecture can have significant advantageous effects on droplet placement accuracy since both causes of droplet inaccuracies have been reduced.
Representative distances for a unipolar configuration using 2 mil diameter drop and 85 mil channel separation might be on the order of one inch between the beginning of the field generating electrodes 28 and the paper plane. With the proposed bipolar construction, this distance has been reduced to approximately 0.7 of a inch.
In accordance with the present invention, the previously discussed bipolar deflection architecture is combined with a droplet interlace strategy which further reduces aerodynamic and electrostatic interaction between droplets. Turning now to FIGS. 4 and 5, there are illustrated two sequences of twelve ink jet droplets a-l as they might appear in their trajectory toward the paper plane. In both sequences all twelve droplets are directed to strike the paper, i.e. no gutter droplets have been illustrated. In the sequence of droplets directed to the paper shown in FIG. 4, it is seen that the drop to drop spacing is quite close and that some drops experience a much greater aerodynamic braking effect than other drops in the series. The short drop to drop dimension will increase coulomb repulsions and attractions between droplets especially when aerodynamic braking effects further reduce the drop to drop spacing. For this reason, if the sequence of droplets shown on FIG. 4 is directed to the recording medium 20, the drop misplacement for each droplet would be significant.
The sequence of droplets shown in FIG. 5, however, have been interlaced so that whereas droplet a is the first droplet to strike the paper and droplet b is the second droplet, etc., the first and second droplets are not closely adjacent to each other but have been separated to reduce both aerodynamic and coulomb interactions. By utilizing, for example, a triple interlace arrangement, the spacing d (see FIG. 6) between droplets progressing along closely adjacent paths has been tripled. This increased separation reduces both aerodynamic slip streaming since each droplet experiences essentially the same air resistance but also reduces the coulombic interaction between droplets along the d1 direction.
By reference to FIGS. 5 and 6 it should be appreciated that a second coulomb interaction has been introduced along a direction d2 perpendicular to the direction of droplet travel shown in dashed lines. Since there is little or no aerodynamic interaction along this direction, however, and the flight path is shortened through use of the bipolar architecture, the coulomb interaction in this dimension is relatively insignificant.
The interlace technique enhances drop placement accuracy but at a slight increase in printing complexity. FIG. 7 shows the positioning of the FIGS. 4 and 5 droplets on the medium 20. To the left in FIG. 7 is the FIG. 4 droplet placement and to the right is the FIG. 5 interlace drop placement. The skewing of droplets is caused by the movement of the medium 20 in relation to the printer 10 as depicted by arrow 21. Techniques for adjusting for both the sequential and interlaced pattern are known in the art and need no further explanation.
The combination of a bipolar architecture with an interlace strategy for drop placement results in significant improvement in drop placement accuracy. A third feature when added to the above-mentioned concepts can be utilized to enhance even further the printer accuracy. This third feature is a utilization of drop charging histories to anticipate and correct for those aerodynamic and coulomb interactions which remain even through their adverse affects are reduced. The drop history strategy can be understood by examining the drop charging techniques and in particular by examining the methodology for applying voltages to the charging electrode 26.
Referring to FIG. 1, the methodology begins with the receipt by a controller input 50 of a series of signals representative of a desired voltage to be applied to the charging electrode 26. The controller 38 converts these signals to a digital voltage representation which is output to a digital to analog converter 42 which converts the digital signal representative of the desired voltage into an analog signal which is coupled to a power amplifier 52. In addition to generating a charging voltage for the plurality of charging electrodes 26, the controller 38 monitors and/or provides control signals for a variety of other components in the printing system 10. Thus, as seen in FIG. 1, the controller 38 receives inputs from the sensor 32 via an analog to digital converter 43, controls the speed of movement of the recording medium 20 via a second digital to analog converter 44 which drives a motor 45, controls perturbation in the ink jet generator 12 by the source of excitation 22 through a third digital to analog converter 41, and controls the p ressure maintained inside the generator by the pump 18 with a fourth digital to analog converter 40. Although critical to the operation of the printing mechanism 10, these functions do not relate directly to the preferred architectural design embodied by the present invention and therefore need no further description.
Turning now to FIG. 8, the input 50 to the controller 38 is represented at the left hand portion of the figure by the video data signal 60. The video signals comprise a series of print/no print commands representative of a desired information scheme to be encoded on the recording medium 20. The video data is transmitted to the controller in bit fashion where, for example, a set or high bit indicates a particular drop is to be printed on the paper and a reset or zero bit indicates the particular drop corresponding to that bit is to be transmitted to the gutter 30 shown in FIG. 1 or gutter 46 shown in FIG. 3.
The disclosed technique for converting these video signals to analog charging voltages utilizes a so-called "pipelining" technique wherein digital holding registers are series coupled between the video input and the amplifier 52. By controlled clocking of these registers, the data contained therein is moved stepwise through the processing path from one register to the next. As the data proceeds from one register to the next through the pipeline, it is processed according to the format to be described. After a discrete number of controller generated clock pulses, data in the pipeline has passed through all processing stations and reached a stage where it is output to the digital to analog converter 42.
The actual physical implementation of the pipelining can be accomplished in a variety of ways dependent upon the capabilities of the controller 38. Each block in FIG. 8 corresponds to a particular function rather than a particular circuit since that function might be performed by dedicated circuitry or alternatively through software control of a programmable processor.
As a first step in the pipelining process, the video bit data is stored in buffer 62 so that print or no print information for many pixels is stored for subsequent processing. The size of the particular buffer or storage can vary with the application and in one embodiment, the buffer has storage capacity large enough to store four consecutive lines of pixels at a given time. During each controller clock interval or drop interval, a pixel bit for each jet or nozzle comprising the printing system 10 is read from the buffer to the pipeline.
The buffered or stored information is a sequence of binary bits corresponding to the desired print or no print information for each pixel in sequence across a given nozzle's paper segment. When the data is read from the buffer, however, it is interlaced so that the serial data stored in the data buffers is scrambled as it enters the pipeline. This scrambling or interlacing of bit information is accomplished with the use of an interlace look-up table 64 which dictates the pattern by which the bits buffered in the controller enter the pipeline. According to one embodiment, the look-up table is implemented in a portion of controller memory.
Once a particular drop signal exits the buffer region it enters a portion 66 of the pipeline where a charging voltage is generated for that droplet. This voltage is related to the charging sequence on those droplets both preceding and following that particular drop and according to the preferred embodiment of the invention this so-called "history generator" is implemented with a serial shift register which is clocked at the drop generation frequency. The bit pattern from the shift register is combined with information regarding pixel location and nozzle position to generate a unique address in the controller's address space.
By way of example, in the illustrated embodiment of the invention each nozzle addresses 12 pixels across the width of the paper. Thus, four bit locations in the address space will uniquely designate the pixel location for a given droplet. If eleven drop histories (10 other droplets in addition to the droplet under consideration) are taken into account in computing the correct charge for the droplet under consideration these eleven bits of information (print or no print) are combined with the five pixel designating bits to create a 16 bit sequence related to charging history and pixel location. This combination of factors results in a 16 bit sequence of bits corresponding to an address in the controller memory space. Once this address is generated a 64K�10 bit memory look-up table is accessed at step 68 to provide a unique 10 bit drop charge voltage. If fewer than eleven drop histories are used, a smaller look-up table can be used to produce the correct drop charge.
The drop history look-up table technique enhances the bipolar and interlace strategy. The drop history look-up table compensates for instances in which a particular sequence or series of droplet charging would cause a drop misplacement even using drop interlace and bipolar charging. The look-up table improves drop placement in the situation, for example, where a series of gutter droplets which are highly charged both precede and follow a droplet which is not to be guttered but is scheduled to strike the recording medium at a location not far removed from the gutter 46. In this situation drop to drop interaction may be significant and the look-up table provides a means for taking this interaction into account to provide accurate drop placement.
The actual values stored in the look-up table 68 are derived from both theoretical modeling of the ink jet printing process and experience derived from observing actual drop to drop interactions and their effect on drop placement. The most straight forward technique is to image patterns corresponding to each sequence of drops (the print and no print pattern) and adjust the voltage in the look up table until the drop strikes the correct location. A less time consuming method is to experimentally determine some voltage value and mathematically interpolate the remaining look-up table values. The look-up table generation process is simplified by computer models of the flight coulombic and aerodynamic interactions.
Subsequent to the history look-up table generation of a charging voltage, this voltage is modified and delayed at a step 70 labeled modify V in the signal pipeline. The modification of charging voltage at this step is also obtained from a look-up table 72 which alters the charging voltage in accordance with the characteristics of the particular nozzle which is to generate the droplet. This correction factor or modifier takes into account non-uniformities in channel performance and insures that adjacent nozzles stitch together their coverage on the medium 20. It is at this point in the charging process that information from the drop sensor 32 is used to insure that the droplets from adjacent nozzles stitch together to cover the entire medium 20. Once these modifiers have been applied to the 10 bit digital charging voltage, the digital to analog converter 42 converts this digital signal into an analog signal which is amplified and coupled to the charging electrode 26.
FIG. 9 shows a circuit diagram of the digital to analog converter 42 and power amplifier 52. The 10 bit charging signal is presented on inputs labeled D0-D9. This data is strobed to a first data latch circuit 80 by a signal 81 from the controller 38. After a number of controller clock pulses the digital signal in this first latch 80 is strobed to a second latch 82 and the digital to analog converter 42 by a second signal 83 from a phasing circuit 84.
The delay between receipt of data by the first latch 80 and receipt of that data by the digital to analog converter 42 is programmable. The phasing circuit 84 includes a data latch 85 for inputting signals to the data inputs of a series of flip-flops comprising a down counter 86. Data from the latch 85 is strobed to the counter 86 by the first clock signal 81. The down counter is clocked by a controller clock and when it times out, the second signal 83 strobes the charging data to the digital to analog converter 42.
The timing of this data transfer depends on the values of five inputs 90a-e to the data latch 85. By changing the inputs 90a-e the charging of the electrode 26 is controlled. This adjustment insures the proper charging voltage as represented by the inputs D0-D9 appears on the electrode 26 at the time of drop breakoff so that a corresponding charge is induced on the droplet.
The output 92 from the digital to analog converter 42 is a relatively low level signal which is amplified by the power amplifier 52 and transmitted to the charging electrode 26. Both the digital to analog converter 42 and amplifier 52 must be fast acting since the drop generation frequency of a typical ink jet system is on the order of 200Khz and the voltage on the charging electrode 26 must be switched and stabilized at this frequency.
In conjunction, the above disclosed methodology, bipolar architecture and interlace strategy cause the droplets from a given nozzle in the system to be placed on the recording medium with a great degree of accuracy. It is believed that the charging and interlace methodology can be accomplished in a variety of ways and it is the intent therefore that all design modifications and alterations falling within the spirit or scope of the accompanying claims be covered by the present invention.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Mar 25, 1964
|Jul 27, 1971
|Richard G Sweet
|Fluid droplet recorder
|Jan 2, 1973
|Jul 30, 1974
|Dick Co Ab
|Selective charging magnitude compensation
|Sep 27, 1973
|Aug 6, 1974
|Ink drop charge compensation method and apparatus for ink drop printer
|Jul 2, 1973
|Apr 8, 1975
|Precise jet alignment for ink jet printer
|Nov 15, 1974
|Mar 23, 1976
|A. B. Dick Company
|Charge compensation network for ink jet printer
|Jan 22, 1973
|Oct 18, 1977
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Non-sequential ink jet printing
|Feb 28, 1979
|Dec 9, 1980
|Xerox Corporation
|Stitching method and apparatus for multiple nozzle ink jet printers
|Sep 17, 1979
|Jun 9, 1981
|Ricoh Co., Ltd.
|Ink jet printer with multiple nozzle print head and interlacing or dither means
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Nov 13, 1986
|Sep 11, 1990
|Connaught Laboratories Limited
|Droplet generation
|Jun 30, 1993
|Jan 16, 1996
|Dataproducts Corporation
|Interlaced dot-on-dot printing
|Jan 30, 1999
|Jul 10, 2001
|Hewlett-Packard Company
|Ink ejection element firing order to minimize horizontal banding and the jaggedness of vertical lines
|Dec 28, 2000
|Jan 14, 2003
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Ink jet apparatus having amplified asymmetric heating drop deflection
|Dec 28, 2000
|Apr 29, 2003
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Printhead having gas flow ink droplet separation and method of diverging ink droplets
|Oct 12, 2000
|Sep 30, 2003
|Creo Americas, Inc.
|Interleaved printing
|Oct 22, 2001
|Jan 18, 2005
|Videojet Technologies Inc.
|Printing method for continuous ink jet printer
|Jul 3, 2003
|Feb 28, 2006
|Creo Inc.
|Ink jet printing system with interleaving of swathed nozzles
|Jan 24, 2003
|Feb 13, 2007
|Imaje Sa
|Converging axis dual-nozzled print head and printer fitted therewith
|Nov 24, 2003
|Oct 21, 2008
|Jemtex Ink Jet Printing Ltd.
|Inkjet printing method and apparatus
|May 31, 2002
|Nov 11, 2008
|Ulvac, Inc.
|Waveform generator for microdeposition control system
|Mar 6, 2006
|May 19, 2009
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Apparatus and method for electrostatically charging fluid drops
|Jul 20, 2010
|Ulvac, Inc.
|Waveform generator for microdeposition control system
|Oct 22, 2001
|Apr 24, 2003
|Shrivastava Dilip K.
|Printing method for continuous ink jet printer
|Jul 3, 2003
|May 20, 2004
|Pinard Adam I.
|Printing system
|Jan 24, 2003
|Jun 9, 2005
|Thierry Golombat
|Converging axis dual-nozzled print head and printer fitted therewith
|Nov 24, 2003
|Mar 16, 2006
|Jemtex Ink Jet Printing Ltd.
|Inkjet printing method and apparatus
|Mar 6, 2006
|Sep 7, 2006
|Steiner Thomas W
|Apparatus and method for electrostatically charging fluid drops
|Feb 28, 2006
|Oct 26, 2006
|Pinard Adam I
|Printing system
|May 31, 2002
|Nov 9, 2006
|Goerge Fellingham
|Waveform generator for microdeposition control system
|Oct 6, 2008
|Jan 29, 2009
|Ulvac, Inc.
|Waveform generator for microdeposition control system
|Aug 17, 1995
|Oct 1, 2002
|Thomas G. Hertz
|Method and apparatus for high resolution ink jet printing
|Oct 21, 2002
|Jul 8, 2009
|Printing method for continuous ink jet printer
|U.S. Classification
|347/76, 347/41
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Aug 27, 1981
Owner name: XEROX CORPORATION, STAMFORD, CT. A CORP. OF NY.
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:CREAN, PETER A.;SCHNEIDER, JOHN M.;LIPANI, ANTHONY F.;REEL/FRAME:003916/0073
Effective date: 19810818
|Dec 5, 1986
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Dec 14, 1990
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Nov 14, 1994
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


text:
Filter by content types:News stories Blog posts Feature articles Polls Image galleries
Filter by tags:
|Cases Chipsets Cooling Copyright CPUs Displays Folding Game consoles
|Gaming Graphics Input devices InternetLinux-Unix Mac Memory Miscellaneous
|Mobile computing Motherboards Multimedia Networking Operating systems Personal tech Podcast Power
|Servers Shortbread Software Storage Systems The Tech Report Windows Workstations
Poll: What's the best new web browser?
In the last few weeks, we've been treated to a bevvy of major browser releases: Chrome 10, Internet Explorer 9, and Firefox 4. If...
Poll Question: • What's the best web browser?
Type: News story Tags: Internet Software
Poll: Which tech company is the most evil?
Microsoft is generally assumed to be evil, Google likes to say that it's not, and Apple is too cool to care one way or another....
Poll Question: • Who's the most evil?
Type: News story Tags: Software Operating systems
Poll: How do you back up your data?
The more data we accumulate in our increasingly digital lives, the more we stand to lose in the event of a catastrophic storage failure. ...
Poll Question: • How do you back up your personal data?
Type: News story Tags: Software Personal tech
Poll: How powerful is your PSU?
The range of PSU wattages available today is truly staggering. At Newegg alone, the scale starts at 145W and goes all the way up...
Poll Question: • What's the wattage rating of your primary desktop's PSU?
Type: News story Tags: Power
Poll: How often do you browse the Web on your phone?
Only a few years ago, browsing the Web on a cell phone might have seemed like an entirely futile endeavor. Displays were too small and...
Poll Question: • How often do you browse the Web on your phone?
Type: News story Tags: Internet Personal tech
Poll: Your primary e-mail retrieval method?
Most of us probably use e-mail one way or another at work. However, with cell phones, text messaging, and instant messaging having grown in popularity...
Poll Question: • I usually fetch my personal e-mail using:
Type: News story Tags: Internet
|be quiet!'s Silent Base 800 case reviewed
|MSI Aegis Ti wraps up SLIed GTX 1080s in an aggressive shell
|Deals of the week: a Dell G-Sync monitor for $470 and more
|Radeon Software Crimson Edition 16.7.3 serves up the bugfixes
|AMD reveals the full specs of the Radeon RX 460 and RX 470
|Nvidia will pay GeForce GTX 970 owners $30 over memory snafu
|Gigabyte's GeForce GTX 1080 Xtreme Gaming graphics card reviewed
|Microsoft's free Windows 10 upgrade offer ends tomorrow
|ASRock H110M-STX mobo puts the 5x5 platform in builders' hands
|Now you can install Crysis directly on the video card!


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Le Pan TC 970 9.7-Inch Multi-Touch Google Android Froyo 2.2 OS
5 used & new
9 of 10 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars
Dinosaur No More
Dec 4 2011
This review is from:
Le Pan TC 970 9.7-Inch Multi-Touch Google Android Froyo 2.2 OS (Personal Computers)
For the past couple of years I wondered what all the hype was about. To me "touch screens" seemed unproductive, just another marketing gimmick, I'll stick with my mouse, win7, and my full size keyboard, besides my thumbs were just too big for these devices. I was a dinosaur and liked it! Been that way since my first Vic-20 (1982).
All of that changed a week ago, "I'm a dinosaur no more". After reading the reviews for the Lepan TC 970, and $169 price (I spend more than that on some ink cartridges), I bought one.
After charging it up, and reading the manual, I turned it on, nice resolution, plenty of preloaded apps, not too bad so far. I turned on the wifi, and it easily picked up my SSID, and connected. I started up the browser, and noticed it was very slow, what's going on? After many hours of troubleshooting, I read about the WPA2 problems, so I then reconfigured my router to WEP, but same thing it would connect and then disconnect. I then checked out some posts of other people with the same problem, but no real solutions. So I started trying different router configurations, then BINGO, using WPA Personal, BG Mixed and 3600 sec, key renewal it worked! A stable connection -57dbm (100%), downloaded WiFi Analytics to monitor the signal, never lost it again.
Discovered the "Market", amazing place, download apps for free? ARE YOU KIDDING! never heard of anything like this before. It not only downloads these apps in lightening speed, it installs them and automatically updates them, amazing stuff to me. Voice commands, GPS built in, Google Earth, Google Maps, Navigator, all good stuff. I wouldn't want to be in the handheld GPS business!
RECOMMENDATION: Best thing I ever bought, best value, fun, usefulness, if you are thinking about it don't, just buy it. Also battery last a VERY long time.
NEGATIVE POINTS: 1. Minor stuff, but these tablets are made for "right handed" people. Meaning I instinctively pick it up with my right hand, and hen peck with my left, but that means I'm always pressing some button accidentally, because that's where the buttons are. Ok you think just turn it upside down which is what I did but it seems unnatural.
2. Screen is highly reflective and get covered with fingerprints quickly, I ordered a screen protector so this may help.
Kudos to the LEPAN team for designing such an amazing value/performance based tablet. Also Amazon for the best place to research anything!
Page: 1


text:
Spring 2016 Schedule
ENG 341 Introduction to Linguistics
MWF 9:00-9:50 a.m.
C. Sams
ENG 343 Linguistics of ASL
T 6:00-8:30 p.m.
J. Sams
ENG 344.001 Structures of English
MWF 12:00-12:50 p.m.
|J. Sams
|ENG 344.002 Structures of English
TR 2:00-3:15 p.m.
J. Sams
|ENG 442 Translation Studies
MWF 10:00-10:50 a.m.
C. Sams
ENG 458 Forensic Semantics
TR 9:30-10:45 a.m.
C. Sams
Spring 2016 Special topics course descriptions
ENG 343 Linguistics of ASL T 6:00-8:30 p.m.
Linguistic study of ASL, including the following: phonological features of individual signs (hand shape, orientation, location, movement) and how those features shift when placed in a stream of signs; morphological features of signs, including compounding and lexicalization of fingerspelled words; grammar, focusing on typical word orders found in ASL sentences; meaning of signs and how those meanings have shifted over time (as well as how those meanings shift for particular dialects); and typical pragmatic features of conversation in ASL. Knowledge of ASL is helpful but not necessary (nor will it be assumed). No prerequisite.
ENG 442 Translation Studies MWF 10:00-10:50 a.m.
This course will focus on basic communication (speaker/author, audience, and message), formal and dynamic equivalence (how much a translation reflects the grammatical forms of the original language), semantic theory (theory of meaning), language and culture, pragmatics (how language is used), ethics and translation, and technology and translation. The aim of the course is application and evaluation of theory. Knowledge of another language is not necessary but will be helpful. We will look at both language in isolation as well as literary passages in translation. No prerequisite.
ENG 458 Forensic Semantics TR 9:30-10:45 a.m.
This course will focus on the analysis of the meaning of words, clauses, sentences, paragraphs, and discourse in legal, personal, and commercial communication (e.g., bribery cases, contracts, copyright infringement, courtroom discourse, depositions, plagiarism, policies, perjury, wills). No prior knowledge of Forensic Linguistics is assumed, nor is there a prerequisite.
Linguistics Courses
ENG 341. Introduction to Linguistics (offered every fall and spring)
*Used to be ENG 441.
Introduction to the core concepts of linguistic study, including phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics, and to the application of those concepts, such as language acquisition, language disorders, sociolinguistics, and language change. Analyses of linguistic concepts and applications focus on data from languages spoken around the world (i.e., will not focus on or be limited to English).
Prerequisites: None
ENG 342. History of the English Language (offered every fall)
Study of language change and reasons for change in the English language over the three major periods: Old, Middle, and Modern English. Types of linguistic changes include sound, structure, and meaning; investigation of possible causes for these changes focus on literary developments and socio-political factors that influenced the language. Within Modern English, examination of current English dialects around the world.
ENG 343. Descriptive Linguistics* (last offered Spring 2014)
Linguistic analysis of a language or language family. May be repeated up to three times under different languages.
Languages in focus include the following:
Proposed for Spring 2016
Spring 2014
ENG 344. Structures of English (offered every fall, spring, and Summer I)Linguistic study of English, including phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics. Includes an examination of several applied topics, focusing on topics such as English stylistics, language acquisition as it pertains to structures of English, English dialects, and history of English.
ENG 411. Teaching English as a Second Language* (last offered Spring 2013)
Survey of pedagogical, language learning and language development theories relevant to the teaching of English as a second language. Application of theories for particular language-learning groups. 30 hours of lecture and 15 hours of field-experience practicum.
ENG 437. Invented Languages* (offered every odd spring)Examination of how language works and typical features of world languages in order to construct an invented language; also, examination of famous constructed languages (including Elvish, Na'vi, and Esperanto). Students will invent their own languages to better understand the challenges of constructing a language and linguistic principles at work in natural languages.
ENG 438. Forensic Linguistics (offered every fall)
Linguistic study of texts to determine authorship, evasion strategies, possible coercion, stylistic changes, deception, and so on. Linguistic tools include structural analysis and word choice. Texts analyzed include hate mail, suicide letters, ransom notes, confessions, manifestos, and text messages.
ENG 439. Advanced Grammar (offered every fall)
Advanced investigation of the concepts of grammatical form and function, including the application of labels such as noun, adjective, verb, subject, object, phrase, clause. Study will also include discussion of the use of grammar in written and spoken language, the teaching of grammar in classrooms, the debates about grammatical change in current language, and the notion of standard language.
ENG 440. Advanced Linguistics* (last offered Spring 2014 as Field Methods)
Advanced study of a combination of or all of the following areas of linguistics: phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics; topics (i.e., area focus) will rotate. Linguistic areas may be examined through historical analysis, typological principles, and/or theoretical application. Students can take this course up to three times under different topics.
Prerequisite: ENG 341 or instructor approval
ENG 442. Topics in Linguistics* (last offered Spring 2015)Advanced study of a topic within linguistics; topics will rotate. Example topics include sociolinguistics, language and culture, psycholinguistics, language and literature, corpus linguistics, and history of linguistic study. Students may repeat the course up to three times under different topics.
Past topics have included the following:
Spring 2015
Comparative Romance Linguistics
Spring 2014
Applied Linguistics in Media
Fall 2012
Conversation Analysis
Spring 2012
Language and Culture
Fall 2011
Second Language Acquisition
Fall 2010
ENG 458. Topics in Forensic Linguistics* (last offered Spring 2015 as Veracity and Language)
Advanced study of a topic within Forensic Linguistics; topics will rotate. Example topics include veracity and language, authorship analysis, and forensic semantics. Students may repeat the course up to three times under different topics.
*Denotes courses that are offered based on student interest and department need. If you are interested in a particular course/topic being offered, contact email@example.com.


text:
Welcome to canada.diplo.de
Germany is seeking to become a non-permanent member of the United Nations Security Council. Foreign Minister Steinmeier announced the candidacy for 2019/20 in Hamburg in June.
On June 25, 2016, Chris Hall, the CBC's National Affairs Editor and host of The House on CBC Radio, interviewed Ambassador of Germany to Canada Werner Wnendt on "The Brexit aftermath."
Listen (interview starts at 11:17)
German Ambassador to Canada Werner Wnendt spoke with CBC Power & Politics to discuss the reaction of the European Union to the Brexit vote on June 24, 2016.
Listen (interview starts at 1:23:40)
In an article in the July/August 2016 issue of Foreign Affairs, German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier analyses Germany's changing global political role.
Read more
On June 17, 1991, the Treaty of Good Neighbourship was signed by Poland and Germany. Over the past 25 years, German-Polish relations have developed across a very broad spectrum. Today, Germany and Poland enjoy close and friendly relations at all levels and in all areas of society. The Ambassador of Germany to Canada Werner Wnendt and his Polish counterpart Marcin Bosacki cohosted a commemorative concert on June 15, 2016.
Photo gallery
Edited by Canadian university professors and independent scholars, kultur360 produces original essays, reviews, and interviews. Among the topics being explored are Berlin the Metropolis, Film Culture, and The German Language Today.
The Youth Mobility Agreement between Canada and Germany offers a unique opportunity for young Canadians to complement their post-secondary education but most of all to experience Germany, its culture, language and people. Many young Canadians take the opportunity to live in Germany for a year; here, we are portraying some of them and their experiences as a YMA student in Germany.
Youth Mobility Stories
We are always thrilled to see German artists reach an international audience. German dramaturg and translator Birgit Schreyer Duarte is regularly involved in bringing German playwrights to Canadian stages – most recently by translating "Das Ding" by Philipp Löhle for the Canadian Stage. We spoke to Birgit about her work on the edge between Canadian and German stage culture.
Birgit Schreyer Duarte
Its interactive and informative app provides quick, easy access to the latest information from the FFO.
App "Auswärtiges Amt"
Werner Wnendt is Germany's ambassador to Canada.
Events in Canada
You would like to receive news about Germany, about German-Canadian relations, and about German cultural events in Canada? Please subscribe to one of our monthly newsletters!
... is a handbook for anyone seeking reliable, up-to-date information. It provides many facts and figures, covering topics such as population and geography, the political system, the economy, social life, education, culture, the media, and history.
Facts about Germany
©1995 -


text:
Pocket Guide
Author: Andrea Clark
What medical students need to know about this important topic! Includes information on prevalence, physical exam findings, and reporting of abuse. This project includes a powerpoint that can be used as a self-learning module or a presentation. It also includes a pocket card of basic tips.
Disclaimer: Please feel free to use or present this project, but Andrea Clark should be cited. This project may be modified.
- Sexual Violence within and towards the LGBTQ community
Author: Nicole Mushero
This project seeks to explain the prevalence of sexual violence that LGBTQ people face, both at the hands of intimate partners and within that community at large. Sexual violence is a large problem in society and LGBTQ people are not unaffected by this, and sometimes are at greater risk of victimization because of their queer identities. There are specific risk factors and manifestations of sexual violence that clinicians should be aware of when dealing with this patient population. In addition, I hope to expose some biases that may be present against LGBT people that inhibit or prohibit them from seeking or receiving help. Finally, I want clinicians to be aware of some of the common medical manifestations of sexual violence that are not obvious and how to help a patient who discloses that they have experienced sexual violence.
Disclaimer: Please feel free to use or present this project, but Nicole Mushero should be cited. This project may not be modified without the permission of the email@example.com.
- Please also see the section, Teaching About Sex for a project about "Educating on Sexual Violence".
© 2016 American Medical Student Association
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