text:
|Numéro de publication
|Type de publication
|Numéro de demande
|Date de publication
|27 aoűt 2002
|Date de dépôt
|4 janv. 2000
|Date de priorité
|4 janv. 2000
|État de paiement des frais
|Autre référence de publication
|Numéro de publication
|Peter Rentrop
|Cessionnaire d'origine
|Peter Rentrop
|Exporter la citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Citations de brevets (53), Citations hors brevets (1), Référencé par (42), Classifications (8), Événements juridiques (5)
|Liens externes: USPTO, Cession USPTO, Espacenet
Not Applicable.
Not Applicable.
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a catheter used to deliver laser energy from an excimer laser to a lesion within an arterial system or to a body organ. The catheter is particularly suited for use in endovascular therapy to ablate calcified or non-calcified deposits in atherosclerotic lesions.
2. Discussion of Related Art
U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,429,604 and 4,844,062 reveal that fiber optic catheter assemblies have increasingly been used for probing and clearing obstructions in various vessels such as arteries. The size of the vessel and the distance from the insertion point to the critical region in the vessel determine the characteristics of the catheter to be used. For example, in some situations it is desirable to insert a very thin catheter a considerable distance into a vessel. The catheter must be quite flexible so that it may be steered considerable distances through winding vessel passages.
The excimer laser enables the disintegration of targeted tissue and can yield relatively pure disintegration without excessive thermal damage to otherwise healthy tissue. The excimer laser is a combination of argon fluoride or krypton chloride and a rare earth gas. This combination forms a laser beam having a very short wavelength and hence photons of very high energy.
Excimer catheters for endovascular therapy are presently produced by the Spectranetics Corporation in the United States. Presently approved laser catheters in the United States for endovascular therapy range in diameter from 1.4 mm to 2.2 mm. The energy output for ablating atherosclerotic tissue in coronary or peripheral arteries is 60 fluence, 40 Hertz.
The ablation of atherosclerotic lesions by excimer laser energy transforms the lesions into water and carbon dioxide. A gas bubble forms at the laser catheter tip and expands rapidly, which stretches the vessel wall. The abrupt stretch can result in dissection and even occlusion of the vessel.
Calcium can not be ablated with commercially available catheters. Spectranetics has recently developed an excimer laser with more densely packed optical fibers, which results in a decrease of dead space and a higher energy output of 80 fluence or more, 40 Hertz or more. This recently developed excimer laser enables laser catheters to ablate calcium, but the higher energy output increases the likelihood of dissections. Also, existing laser catheters are relatively stiff, which precludes them from negotiating acute bends, which are common in arterial systems or in body organs.
It is desired that an excimer laser catheter be provided that is capable of being used to ablate hard, calcified areas and which may negotiate acute bends in the arterial system.
One aspect of the invention resides in an apparatus and method for providing endovascular therapy. The apparatus includes an elongated catheter containing optical fibers arranged in a concentric manner, the catheter having a tip whose diameter is smaller than a remainder of the catheter, the tip having a length of at least 1 cm and a diameter of less than 1 millimeter. The apparatus preferably also includes an excimer laser connected to the optical fibers capable of delivering laser energy through the optical fibers. The method also includes the step of inserting the catheter through an artery by pushing the same until the tip is in within laser energy striking distance of a lesion for ablating the same. For treatment of heavily calcified lesions, the excimer laser should be capable of delivering laser energy at higher energy levels in excess of 60 fluence and in excess of 40 Hertz. For treatment of non-calcified lesions, the excimer laser need only be capable of delivering laser energy at lower energy levels, i.e., 60 fluence or less at 40 Hertz or less.
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following description and accompanying drawings, while the scope of the invention is set forth in the appended claims.
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a catheter tip segment in accordance with the invention that is in position to ablate atherosclerotic lesions.
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a laser support catheter in accordance with the invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-section taken from lines 3-3 of FIG. 2 in accordance with an embodiment using a single row of optical fibers.
FIG. 4 is a distal end view of FIG. 2 for the embodiment of FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a cross-section taken from lines 5—5 of FIG. 2 in accordance with an embodiment using a double row of optical fibers.
FIG. 6 is a distal end view of FIG. 3 for the embodiment of FIG. 5.
Turning to FIG. 1, a coronary vessel 6 is shown having atherosclerotic blockage 8. A catheter contains optical fibers 12 and has a tip 16 that is inserted through the vessel 6 to reach the atherosclerotic blockage 8. An excimer laser that is connected to the catheter emits ultraviolet laser radiation energy through optical fibers 12. The laser radiation energy emerges from the catheter tip 16 to strike atherosclerotic blockage 8 to ablate the same.
The catheter tip 16 has a length of at least 1 centimeter and a diameter of less than 1 millimeter. Also, a guide wire 22 extends through a centerline of the catheter and is used in a conventional manner for guiding the catheter. Preferably, the tip length is at least 1 centimeter and up to 30 centimeters, although the optimal maximum length need only be as long as required for the catheter to come within laser striking distance of a lesion within the artery and traverse the lesion.
Presently available laser catheters that have tip diameters greater than 1 millimeter are unable to effectively ablate the calcium that is commonly present in atherosclerotic lesions. Experimental laser catheters have been developed that enable delivery of elevated laser energy levels that risk obtaining unwanted dissections. Dissections arise when the vessel wall stretches too much under stress from expanding gas bubbles that form at the tip of the laser catheter as the ablation of the atherosclerotic lesion transforms the lesion into water and carbon dioxide. Further, existing laser catheters are relatively stiff, which prevents them from negotiating acute bends common in the arterial systems.
By reducing the diameter of the catheter tip 16 to less than 1 millimeter, several advantages are realized. The smaller tip will cause less tissue to become vaporized per laser radiation emission. This results in a smaller gas bubble being formed than would otherwise be the case. The higher laser energy required to ablate calcium can be employed without increasing the likelihood of major dissections. In addition, the smaller tip is more effective for crossing heavily calcified lesions than are catheters having wider tips. Catheters having a tip diameter less than one millimeter are capable of crossing certain lesions that resist their crossing by wider diameter tip catheters. Furthermore, long lesions, which are not completely resistant to wider catheters, may be crossed with greater speed. That is, the use of the smaller catheter tip is more effective in crossing heavily calcified lesions than the use of the wider catheter tip.
By providing for a length of the catheter tip 16 to be at least one centimeter, additional advantages arise. One advantage resides in the tip 16 being more flexible because the diameter is smaller than for the wider conventional catheter tips. This greater flexibility enhances the ability of the laser catheter to negotiate bends within the arterial system, which often are present before reaching the lesion. That is, it enhances the likelihood of the laser catheter reaching the intended site of treatment. Another advantage is that the thinner tip enhances the likelihood of the laser catheter traversing severely calcified lesions that wider tips can not traverse.
A further advantage is that the catheter shaft is wider than the catheter tip 16 and thus readily pushable. Very thin catheters tend to store longitudinal energy when they are pushed forward over a guide wire 22. This reduces the ability to advance the tip 16. The thicker shaft of the present catheter is stiffer than the tip 16, which improves longitudinal energy transfer to the thin tip segment of the catheter. Thus, the present invention combines optimal pushability, because of the thicker shaft, with optimal flexibility, because of the thinner tip 16.
The use of a high energy miniaturized excimer laser may achieve the same luminal diameter as traditional lower energy laser catheters, because the relatively larger energy output of the miniaturized laser catheter should result in the formation of relatively larger gas bubbles. Gas bubble formation of a small high energy laser catheter may be comparable to that of a larger traditional energy laser catheter. Thus, the extent of vessel wall stretching may be comparable so the use of the miniaturized laser catheter is suited for calcified vessels of average and large diameter, in addition to being suited for small vessels.
In any size vessel over 2 millimeters in diameter that requires endovascular therapy, therefore, in which an excimer laser catheter is used to ablate calcified vessels, preferably a catheter tip segment of about at least 1 centimeter in length should be provided to have a diameter that is less than 1 millimeter. The catheter shaft, however, has a more conventional cross- sectional dimension that is larger than one millimeter. The use of high laser energy of more than 60 fluence and more than 40 Hertz has the specific goal of effectively treating heavily calcified lesions while the small tip dimension allows the high laser energy to be delivered without excessive gas bubble formation. Lower laser energy levels may be used such as 60 fluence at 40 Hertz to ablate holes through non-calcified tissue. A pilot hole was drilled through calcified tissue rapidly by emitting 2660 pulses of laser energy at 100 fluence/80 Hertz so the fastest and best results for ablating calcified tissue was for at least 80 fluence/80 Hertz excimer laser parameter settings.
The smaller tip segment (at least 1 cm in length) is flexible and enhances the ability to negotiate bends within the arterial system, affording better and easier access to the site of the lesion. Since the remainder of the catheter 14, i.e., the shaft, may be thicker and thus more rigid, the resulting device provides enhanced "push" and torque characteristics.
FIGS. 3-4 show a further embodiment of a single row laser support catheter 70 and FIGS. 5-6 show an additional embodiment of a double row laser support catheter 72. Both share the following conventional components depicted in FIG. 2: capillary tube 74, proximal coupler 76, tail tubing 78, bifurcate cover 80, proximal shaft 82, optical fibers 84 and an inner lumen 86. The proximal shaft 82 is preferably made of hytrel material. Also shown is a distal jacket 88 preferably made of hytrel material, a distal tip 90 preferably made of platinum and an excimer laser 92 (shown in box form). The main difference between the embodiments of FIGS. 3-4 and FIGS. 5-6 is that the embodiment of FIGS. 3-4 has a single row of optical fibers 84 concentrically arranged, while the embodiment of FIGS. 5-6 has two rows of optical fibers 84 concentrically arranged separated from each other radially.
With respect to the embodiment of FIGS. 3-4, a suitable optical fiber arrangement has 30 fibers each being a 45 to 50 micron fiber. With respect to the embodiment of FIGS. 5-6, a suitable optical fiber arrangement has 68 fibers each being a 45 to 50 micron fiber. The guide wire (not shown) has an internal diameter preferably of 0.014 to 0.016 inches. There are dimensional constraints on how small in diameter the catheter may be made. One constraint is the diameter of the optical fibers and the number of rows of optical fibers. While two rows are preferred for better consistent performance of laser energy delivery over that for just one single row, three rows may be used instead of just two rows to provide even better laser energy delivery performance. Of course, using three rows of optical fibers will make the catheter more densely packed and thus less flexible and more stiff than using two rows. Another constraint is the diameter of the guide wire and the wall thickness of the catheter, which must be taken into account for the dimension of the catheter. Taking all these dimensional constraints into consideration, the catheter preferably has a dimension of about 0.8 to 0.9 millimeters.
While the drawings show catheters that have a generally circular cross-section, the cross-section may instead be polygonal.
While the foregoing description and drawings represent the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
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|Classification aux États-Unis
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|Classification internationale
|Classification coopérative
|Classification européenne
|27 févr. 2006
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|11 nov. 2008
|Request for reexamination filed
Effective date: 20080919
|5 janv. 2010
|Reexamination certificate first reexamination
Free format text: THE PATENTABILITY OF CLAIMS 1-16 IS CONFIRMED.
|1 mars 2010
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|27 févr. 2014
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


text:
Sampling Pumps Companies serving Iceland
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based in St. Petersburg, FLORIDA (USA)
Industrial and Environmental Health and Safety Instrumentation: Air Sampling Pumps, Calibrators, Equipment, and Accessories. Colorimetric Gas Detector Tubes. Point Gas Monitors. Open Path Gas Detection. Sound, Noise, and Vibration Measurement Instruments. Real-time Dust Monitors. Flame Detectors.
AXI International
based in Fort Myers, FLORIDA (USA)
AXI International, an A rated company by the Better Business Bureau, designs, engineers, and manufactures pre-configured and custom built fuel solutions. They work side by side with customers, architects, engineering firms, and facility management companies to create innovative and fully automated fuel optimization and maintenance systems.
Biowater Technology
based in Cumberland, RHODE ISLAND (USA)
BioWater Technology is a company focusing on development of sales of innovative technologies and solutions for biological treatment of water and wastewater. Products include but are not limited to: MBBR, IFAS and Package Plants. We have offices in the United States and Norway and partners and representatives around the world. We provide Combined Fixed-Film Activated ...
EON Products Inc.
based in Snellville, GEORGIA (US) (USA)
EON Products Inc. has been the environmental and industrial testing professionals` partner in sampling, measuring and monitoring technologies since 1995. Offering the widest selection of top quality products and accessories, the skilled and experienced representatives at EON make it Easier for You! EON is your single Sales & Rental source for sampling, measuring and ...
Enviro Technology Services plc
based in Stroud, UNITED KINGDOM
Enviro Technology Services plc (ET) was founded in 1983. Now active in over 45 countries with a multi-million pound turnover. ET is a global provider of air quality and emissions monitoring systems and servicing. The UK-based company sell and lease equipment, systems and services covering the monitoring of ambient air quality (AQM), continuous emissions (CEM) and indoor ...
Ashtead Technology Ltd
based in Letchworth, UNITED KINGDOM
Ashtead Technology was formed in 1985 when Ashtead Group plc acquired SubSpek Limited, which at the time provided underwater positioning, survey and inspection equipment rental from a base in Aberdeen. In 1994 the Singapore base was opened, focussing on the offshore oil and gas industry and the subsea telecommunications cable market in Asia Pacific. The first US ...

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Definición de flirtation en inglés:
sustantivo[mass noun]
1Behaviour that demonstrates a playful sexual attraction to someone: Fabia was in no mood for his light-hearted flirtation
Más ejemplos en oraciones
- Honest, open communication about flirtation, sexuality and attraction are in my eyes key to a healthy relationship.
- Some of us have become so worried about causing offence or sending the wrong signals that we are in danger of losing our natural talent for playful, harmless flirtation.
- The playful flirtation vanished from the dark woman's face in a flash and she straightened suddenly, firing a steel - cold glance my way.
informal chat-up, come-on
1.1 [count noun] A short or casual relationship: she had had plenty of flirtations—now she had fallen in love
Más ejemplos en oraciones
- Set in a bar, this is a series of flirtations, tiffs, relationships that make out or don't, full of vigorous, jazzy, skittish dances - though there are sags in interest.
- For a long time, what does happen seems almost aimless: scenic walks, music, casual flirtations.
- At sixteen, Gwenifer was worldly and knowledgeable about all things, especially flirtations and relationships between men and women.
1.2A short period of casual experimentation with or interest in a particular idea or activity: his brief flirtation with the avant-garde in the 1920s
Más ejemplos en oraciones
- At least, though, I learnt my lesson during my brief flirtation with this dangerous game.
- After a brief flirtation with the national interest, the aristocracy is back to putting dynasty before duty.
- I am at a point where I have to decide if I want to do something serious with technology or continue to waste my time with the casual flirtation.
For editors and proofreaders
Saltos de línea: flir|ta¦tion
Definición de flirtation en:
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= de moda


text:
Find out more about Sustainable Conservation's efforts to address climate change, improve air and water quality, and protect biodiversity throughout California.
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- "Creating a Statewide Program for Voluntary Restoration on Private Lands", 2011
- "Cleaning Up Abandoned and Orphaned Mines in California. A Case Comparison: Pacific Mine (UT) and the Mount Diablo Mercury Mine (CA), The Good Samaritan Initiative", 2009
> Companion presentation
> Supporting Documents:
- American Fork Canyon - Mineral Basin Map
- EPA Region 8's Pollution Report - American Fork River, Pacific Mine
- EPA Executed Administrative Order on Consent - American Fork Canyon River
- American Fork Canyon River - Snowbird Access Agreement
- Trout Unlimited - Final Construction Report
- EPA Guiding Principles for Good Samaritan Projects - Model Settlement Agreement
- "Unnecessarily Hesitant Good Samaritans: Conducting Voluntary Cleanups of Inactive and Abandoned Mines Without Incurring Liability"
- "California Agriculture and Climate Change: Challenges and Opportunities for Profitability", 2009
- Report Details Promise of Storage Ponds for Endangered Fish, Central Coast Farms, 2008
- "High Performance Hospitality: Sustainable Hotel Case Studies", 2008
Bound, full-color version available from the American Hotel and Lodging Association.
- NMFS Programmatic Biological Opinion for Fisheries Restoration Projects within the Santa Rosa Field Office, 2006
- "Biomethane from Dairy Waste: A Sourcebook for the Production and Use of Renewable Natural Gas in California", 2005
- California Public Utilities Commission Self-Generation Incentive Program, Preliminary Cost-Effectiveness Evaluation Report, 2005
- "Cost-Effective and Environmentally Beneficial Dairy Manure Management Practices", 2005


text:
Useful plugin but could not find detailed instructions on how to apply the shortcode in contact form. After hours of digging I found the link here. http://contactform7.com/captcha
This should be on the first page of the plugin site.
due to this plugin form taking forever loading time...Keep updated...
Just can't get this to work. It's probably easier to find a contact form that already has captcha :-(
Downloaded and enabled on site with WP4.0.1, WooCommerce 2.2.8, Contact Form 7 V4.0.2, Contact Form 7 Dynamic Extensions V1.2.
Doesn't work. No Captcha. No nothing. View details says it has not been tested with my version of WP.
Deactivated. Deleted.
I hated the fact that in order to use this plugin I had to sign up for Google. Do I trust these guys to stay OUT OF MY WEBSITE?
GOOGLE tracks too much now in my opinion!
An developer has not responded to requests for assistance on the matter in 5 months.
I had too many spam on my blogs, so now i test Sweet Captcha
I've installed the contact form 7 and this 'simple' captcha. After installed and activated it, I've no idea how to make contact form work with this captcha. ...
Two hours later, I deleted this plugin and install 'contact form' and 'captcha'.
Install 3 more programs to see if it will work. I have no idea what to do with gd or the trial program you need to unzip it. Then install freefont. Over my head, thanks anyway.
this is a required plugin for Contact Form 7 but it didn't work and I've spent two hours trying to figure out why and [comments moderated.] This plugin should be bundled with Contact Form 7 and it should be able to notify the user if the WP install does not have the resources and libraries needed to function. All this can be accomplished by the plugin IF it were better-designed. Instead, it's a big time sink.
You must log in to submit a review. You can also log in or register using the form near the top of this page.


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NuVasive, Inc. (NUVA)
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NuVasive, Inc. (NUVA)
Q3 2012 Earnings Conference Call
October 24, 2012, 08:00 a.m. ET
Patrick Williams - VP, Strategy and IR
Alexis Lukianov - Chairman and CEO
Michael Lambert - EVP and CFO
Keith Valentine - President and COO
Matt Miksic - Piper Jaffray
Robert Hopkins - Bank of America/Merrill Lynch
Matthew O'Brien - William Blair & Company
John Putnam - Capstone Investments
Bill Plovanic - Cannacord Genuity
Michael Matson - Mizuho Securities
Richard Newitter - Leerink Swan
Matthew Taylor - Barclays Capital
Larry Biegelsen - Wells Fargo Securities
David Roman - Goldman Sachs
Jason Wittes - Brean Capital
Jeff Johnson - Robert W. Baird
Dennis Keller - Cowen and Company
Previous Statements by NUVA
» NuVasive Management Discusses Q2 2012 Results - Earnings Call Transcript
» NuVasive Inc. Q3 2009 Earnings Call Transcript
» NuVasive, Inc., Q1 2009 Earnings Call Transcript
» NuVasive Inc. Q4 2008 Earnings Call Transcript
It is now my pleasure to introduce your host Patrick Williams, Vice President of Strategy and Investor Relations for NuVasive. Thank you, Mr. Williams you may begin.
Patrick Williams
Thanks operator. Welcome to NuVasive's third quarter 2012 earnings conference call. NuVasive's senior management on the call today will be Alexis Lukianov, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer; Keith Valentine, President and Chief Operating Officer; and Michael Lambert, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer.
During our management comments and our responses to your questions, certain items may be discussed which are not based entirely on historical facts. Any such items should be considered forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties, assumptions, and other factors, which if they do not materialize or prove correct, could cause NuVasives results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These and other risks, and uncertainties are more completely described in today's press release and NuVasive's most recent 10-Q and 10-K Forms filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Finally, please try to limit the number of questions from each person and keep the conference call to a manageable time that allow everyone an opportunity.
With that, I'd like to turn the call over to Alex.
Alexis Lukianov
Good morning from Dallas, Texas. We are hosting this call from Dallas, home of this year's NAS conference. We will be spending the remainder of the week meeting with certain customers to reinforce that there is absolutely no substitute for the years of experience with minimally invasive solutions that NuVasive has accumulated.
Competitive product portfolios do not come close to the safety and reproducibility that surgeons achieve with our comprehensive product portfolio. Our fully integrated innovative approach to spine surgery and our procedural sophistication will drive palpable excitement at the NuVasive booth. We encourage you to stop by to experience it for yourself.
On today's call I will address our results for the third quarter, provide updated guidance for 2012 and offer general outlook for 2013.
Revenue in the third quarter grew 12% to $148.3 million. Non-GAAP operating margin was approximately 15% in the quarter. As I mentioned a few weeks ago, revenue fell short of our expectations due to a heightened level of account churn in the limited number of U.S. regions the impact of which accelerated late in the quarter. This was a result of both aggressive competitive tactics targeting our sales force and certain customers and continue surgeon adoption of the physician owned distributorships or POD model. These dynamics had a direct impact on our U.S. lumbar business which experienced flattish sales in the third quarter but are up 5% year-to-date.
The challenges also impacted the pull-through of our U.S. biologic solutions which were roughly flat in the quarter but are up 9% year-to-date. Our U.S. cervical and international business were both very strong growing about 15% and just over 40% respectively in the quarter.
Finally, our monitoring service revenue was approximately 9.6 million in the quarter which was shy of our expectations. So, first I want to talk about sales force and aggressive competitive tactics. So, let me provide some additional perspective around the current dynamics we are facing and offer a view of the outlook for each of them.
On the sales force front, we ended the third quarter 2012 with 310 quota carrying sales representatives globally, which was down on a net basis by 15 people from the previous quarter. The third quarter marked the first time that we have ever gone backwards in terms of the net number of reps. Some of these sales rep hold large accounts which will have a material impact on revenue in the short-term. Several reps went to various smaller competitors that are utilizing aggressive tactics to poach our industry leading sales team in three of our 12 geographies. In geographies where we did not experienced churn related to sales force departures, performance in the quarter was very strong. We believe that the strategy of offering huge and guaranteed compensation to poach our reps is unsustainable and we are taking steps to curtail this competitive threats as quickly as possible.
So, what are we doing about it? Well, first, the executive team is reengaging with our sales force at a much deeper level to best attract, retain and develop the face of NuVasive in the field. We have accelerated the pace of hiring with the intent of more than compensating for losses in the third quarter. We have already made progress adding six reps since the end of the quarter with the majority of the new hires in key regions. We are currently recruiting an additional 35 representatives and are making strong progress and obtaining top talent.
We continue to envision a team of 500 representatives globally as we approach $1 billion in revenue and despite the challenges of materialized in Q3, the efficiency of our sales reps continues to make excellent progress. In the third quarter, average annualized sales per representative was about $12 million up 13% compared to the same quarter of last year. Secondly, we are increasing our legal efforts to ensure that non-compete agreements are adhere to and we are pursuing those individuals (inaudible) companies that violate them. The market will clearly understand that we will aggressively protect the investments and agreements we have made to develop our industry leading sales force.
A couple of weeks ago we announced a decision of our President of Global Sales, Jeff Rydin to make the transition from his role at NuVasive. Jeff has been a very important member of the senior executive team and we are all supporting him in his decision. I thank him for his hard work and dedication throughout the years to build our global sales force. I'm excited that Jeff has agreed to a long-term consulting position and will continue to be a member of the NuVasive family working with members of the executive team. We have already begun the search and are also evaluating internal candidates for just replacement. In the interim I will assume U.S. sales responsibilities.
As you may know I have many years of experience executing sales strategies and leading sales forces in previous roles. We have made several changes already to better retain our top performers and I'm eagerly addressing the challenges we face head on.
Moving forward all international responsibilities will be led by our newly promoted Executive Vice President of International, Russell Powers who reports to me. Russell is very well verses in all international markets from his time at Medtronic. He has several years of experience leading international sales, marketing, development and global operations in spine and orthopedics. In just three weeks Russell has already set in motion high growth initiatives along with expense reductions. I'm really thrilled to be working alongside Russell to build our international business beyond a 10% of revenue that it is today.
Read the rest of this transcript for free on seekingalpha.com


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I have one Dropbox (I suppose) shared between my business account / PC and my wife's account / PC running Windows XP and a laptop with Windows 7.
I created a folder and shared this one with both (or three) accounts.
I created an underlying folder (no need to share, says the help) but it is not visible on the other PCs, so I've shared it to both accounts.
Is this sharing necessary for every simple new folder?


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- Text Size:
- ASmall Text
- AMedium Text
- ALarge Text
One of the six adults and two teens arrested in a burglary ring was in court Wednesday.
Lamar Caviness and several others are accused of 60 break-ins at cellphone stores in Ohio, Indiana and Kentucky.
Investigators said the group stole more than $300,000 in electronics, such as iPhones, Galaxies and tablet devices between April 2012 and January 2014.
Caviness is being held on a $100,000 bond.


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[pimg]588[/pimg] [SET] name: Custap Lead move 1: Stealth Rock move 2: Spikes move 3: Rock Blast / Stone Edge move 4: X-Scissor / Earthquake item: Custap Berry ability: Sturdy nature: Adamant evs: 206 HP / 252 Atk / 50 Spe [SET COMMENTS]
Sturdy and Custap Berry are the main sellers of this set, as they let Crustle set up one entry hazard, take a heavy hit, activate Custap Berry the next turn, and set up another entry hazard. Crustle is also one of the very few Pokemon that possesses both Stealth Rock and Spikes, making multiple layers of entry hazards very simple to set up. Base 95 Attack is what separates Crustle from Smeargle; Smeargle is typically shut down completely by Taunt, whereas Crustle doesn't mind it as much and can deal some heavy damage with its STAB moves. Rock Blast permits Crustle to KO Focus Sash users such as Accelgor, Aerodactyl, and Snover (granted that Rock Blast hits at least 3 times). You can opt to use Stone Edge for more consistent damage, but its shaky 80% accuracy can make it a liability and it can't KO Focus Sash users. X-Scissor is Crustle's next STAB move, which gives it the power to hit Psychic-, Dark-, and Grass-types for super effective damage, in particular taking out the popular Regenerator core of Slowking and Tangrowth. Earthquake is another viable option to hit Steel-types and common Pokemon such as Emboar, Lanturn, and Manectric, for super effective damage.
 [ADDITIONAL COMMENTS]
An alternative spread of 252 Atk / 252 Spe and 0 IVs in HP and Defense and 17 in Special Defense allows Crustle to get into Custap Berry range more easily while still surviving two uninvested Psychics from Uxie. Max Attack and an Adamant nature secures OHKOs on Aerodactyl, Accelgor, and Snover if Rock Blast hits three times. The Speed and HP investment give Crustle the ability to outspeed standard Druddigon while taking two non-Choice Band Dragon Claws and enduring a Choice Band-boosted Rock Blast from Cinccino. Night Slash is an alternative so Crustle can hit Ghost-types such as Rotom and Dusknoir for super effective damage, but other than that it does not serve any other purpose. Flail is an interesting move because if Crustle is knocked into Sturdy, Flail turns into a 200 Base Power attack and offers great neutral coverage.

A spinblocker is a must have for Crustle's team so that entry hazards don't go to waste. Rotom and offensive Spiritomb are great partners because Spiritomb can Pursuit trap Cryogonal while Rotom can OHKO Kabutops with Thunderbolt and deal a massive amount of damage to Sandslash with Shadow Ball. Kabutops and Feraligatr that carry Aqua Jet can cause problems for Crustle, because they can limit it to only one layer of entry hazards. To solve this problem, Choice Specs Slowking or Tangrowth make great teammates because they can sponge any hit opposing threats might throw at Crustle. Dedicated Rapid Spin leads such as Kabutops or Sandslash can stop Crustle in its tracks. Both can 2HKO and 3HKO with Stone Edgewhile threatening spin Crustle's entry hazards away. Speedy Grass-types such as Lilligant, Rotom-C, and Sceptile can take a Stone Edge if necessary and then threaten with their STAB moves. This Crustle should be used on hyper offense teams that rely on entry hazards to net their KOs. Hard hitters such as Archeops, Druddigon, Entei, and Moltres are examples of Pokemon that appreciate the entry hazard support.
 Skeleton (Move your mouse to reveal the content) Skeleton (open) Skeleton (close) [pimg]588[/pimg] [SET] name: Custap Lead move 1: Stealth Rock move 2: Spikes move 3: Rock Blast / Stone Edge move 4: X-Scissor / Earthquake item: Custap Berry ability: Sturdy nature: Adamant evs: 252 Atk / 252 Spe ivs: 0 HP / 0 Def / 17 SpD [SET COMMENTS] Great hazard setter since it has access to Spikes and Stealth Rock Sturdy and Custap Berry almost guarantee 2 layers of hazards. Rock Blast allows you to hit Substitute users and sash leads such as Accelgor and Aerodactyl Stone Edge for more reliable power but has shaky 80% accuracy. X-Scissor because of STAB and hits Grass-types and Psychic-types for super effective damage. E.g Tangrowth and Slowking regenerator core. Earthquake so it's not walled by Steel Types and hits Pokemons such as Emboar, Nidoqueen, and Qwilfish. 0 ivs in the following so Crustle can get in Custap range more easier. 17 SpD allows Crustle to survive 2 uninvested Psychic's from Uxie [ADDITIONAL COMMENTS] Night Slash to hit Ghost types like Dusknoir and Rotom for decent damage Flail because at 1 Hp has a nice 200 BP Spin blocker is a must. Rotom and offensive Spiritomb make great partners as Spiritomb can Pursuit trap Cryogonal while Rotom OHKOs Kabutops and does massive amount to Sandslash due to low special defence. Should only be used on HO teams. Hard hitters such as Entei, Druddigon, Moltres, Nidoqueen appreciate the hazard support allowing them to net those OHKOs. Possible 252 HP to make its survivability last longer but better off with 0 ivs so it can get to Custap Berry range faster. Why this should be on site: I have been using this recently on a HO team that I made and have great success. Almost always gotten 2 layers of hazards up except the odd sleep inducers doesn't let Crustle set up its hazard so I paired up with Banded Entei with Sleep Talk. If anything you think needs to be added or change just comment.


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Watch This Video Tour of a $14.9 Million Soho Apartment
Butler's pantry! Outdoor kitchen!
As if you needed more proof that no one in your tax bracket will ever live in Soho again, chew on this: Billionaire CEO Leonard Stern is selling his pied-à-terre at 459 West Broadway for an asking price of $14.9 million. What could possibly justify that kind of price tag? We trekked there to find out for ourselves. In this little video walking tour (led by Jay Glazer of Warburg Realty), you'll see an outdoor terrace with a pool and a functioning kitchen, an industrial-grade kitchen where you can make a grilled-cheese sandwich in 20 seconds, a "zen solarium," and more bathrooms than you'd know what to do with. Watch and drool!


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Journal of Mathematical Biology
, 51:629
First online:
Species Coexistence and Periodicity in Host-Host-Pathogen Models
- Herbert W. HethcoteAffiliated withDepartment of Mathematics, University of Iowa Email author
- , Wendi WangAffiliated withDepartment of Mathematics, Southwest Normal University
- , Yi LiAffiliated withDepartment of Mathematics, Hunan Normal UniversityUniversity of Iowa
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Models for the transmission of an infectious disease in one and two host populations with and without self-regulation are analyzed. Many unusual behaviors such as multiple positive equilibria and periodic solutions occur in previous models that use the mass-action (density-dependent) incidence. In contrast, the models formulated using the frequency-dependent (standard) incidence have the behavior of a classic endemic model, since below the threshold, the disease dies out, and above the threshold, the disease persists and the infectious fractions approach an endemic equilibrium. The results given here reinforce previous examples in which there are major differences in behavior between models using mass-action and frequency-dependent incidences.
Keywords or PharsesCoexistence Regulation Host-pathogen Infectious disease Dynamics
Reference tools
- Title
- Species Coexistence and Periodicity in Host-Host-Pathogen Models
- Journal
Journal of Mathematical Biology
- Online Date
- June 2005
- 10.1007/s00285-005-0335-5
- Print ISSN
- 0303-6812
- Online ISSN
- 1432-1416
- Publisher
- Springer-Verlag
- Additional Links
- Topics
- Keywords
- Coexistence
- Regulation
- Host-pathogen
- Infectious disease
- Dynamics
- Industry Sectors
- Authors
- Herbert W. Hethcote (1)
- Wendi Wang (4)
- Yi Li (2) (3)
- Author Affiliations
- 1. Department of Mathematics, University of Iowa, 14 MacLean Hall, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- 4. Department of Mathematics, Southwest Normal University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
- 2. Department of Mathematics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, P.R. China
- 3. University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA


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Palm Court
Rejoice with a festive twist on traditional Afternoon Tea with Holiday Tea in the decorated Winter Wonderland and bring in the New Year with Chef's specialty menu and live entertainment that'll leave you on your feet all night long.
Holiday Tea
Continuing its longstanding tradition of afternoon tea, Palm Court will reinstate Holiday Tea from Friday, November 20, 2015 until Sunday, January 3, 2016 from 11 a.m. to 5 p.m.. The Drake's Palm Court will introduce festive holiday pastries, a harpist will play daily, and for "The 12 Days of Christmas" Carolers will serenade guests in the magnificently decorated winter wonderland.
Adults: $45
Children: $22
New Year's Eve Black-Tie Affair
On December 31, 2015, celebrate Palm Court's New Year's Eve Black Tie Affair in Chicago's regal Drake Hotel. This event costs $195 per person including Chef's small plates and food stations with a bar package included.
One seating at 9 p.m.-12:30 a.m.
Please click the menu on the right for full details.


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Buddha probably never pulled a raisin out of a toddler's nose on his path toward enlightenment, but stuck raisins and other real-life moments have provided speaker/writer Polly Campbell, author of Imperfect Spirituality: Extraordinary Enlightenment for Ordinary People, and How Reach Enlightenment plenty of opportunities for spiritual growth and personal development. In her books Campbell shows how to integrate those real-life moments with spiritual practices and growth strategies that can help create a life of greater peace, joy and vitality.
Campbell is also inspires and motivates audiences during keynotes and trainings with her blend of practical personal development and spirituality. She lives with her family in Portland, OR.


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Definition of roundwood in English:
noun[mass noun]
Timber which is left as small logs, not sawn into planks or chopped for fuel, typically taken from near the tops of trees and used for furniture.
Example sentences
- The timber, called roundwood, is from the upper part of trees which is pulped to make paper or turned into chipboard.
- Internal trade does not fall under their responsibilities, but only a portion of tropical roundwood enters international markets.
- 'The mill in Grand-Mere still requires 4-foot roundwood,' he explains.
For editors and proofreaders
Line breaks: round|wood
Definition of roundwood in:
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= trending


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I just bought that frame for my son and he loves it. It is a very solid frame.
I also just bought the 07 XC 604 and am very pleased with it.
For the wife I bought a left over 06 XC 104 and she likes it waaaayy better then her Trek hard tail she had, but that is mostly becuase of the FS. Very happy family with the KHS bikes.
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Thread: Thoughts on KHS bikes