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NIV Soul Survivor Youth Bible (Hardback)New International Version
Hardback Published: 16/08/2012
- Not available
Check availability At your local shop
With over 500 extra bits from the team and young people at Soul Survivor and other well-known experts, the NIV Soul Survivor Youth Bible digs deep into the Bible - its key themes, the big stories that run all the way through, the wisdom, stories and human lives that we can learn from. It also shows what the Bible has to say about things that we all face today, from tough life and world issues to the questions you really hope your mates don't ask. 'We've asked tough questions (like, 'Why does God allow suffering?' and 'What's Leviticus all about?!') as well as tackling important issues that we face today (like relationships, terrorism, money).There are different streams on each topic for individual or group study, Bible reading plans, helpful facts and accessible stories. In short, we've packed every last thing that we could into these pages- and we've banned all jargon so it all makes sense!' Soul Survivor Each summer we gather around 30,000 young people to worship Jesus, to learn, to pray and to hang out together. You can find out more about us and our events at www.soulsurvivor.com/uk The NIV Bible With over 400 million Bibles in print, the New International Version is the world's most popular modern English Bible. It is renowned for its combination of reliability and readability. Fully revised and updated for the first time in 25 years, the NIV is ideal for personal reading, public teaching and group study. British Text This edition uses British spelling, punctuation and grammar to allow the Bible to be read more naturally. Royalties from all sales of the NIV Bible help Biblica, formerly the International Bible Society, in their work of translating and distributing Bibles around the world.
Publisher: Hodder & Stoughton General Division
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By Widget Press Inc.
Open the Mac App Store to buy and download apps.
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ModelBaker delivers a clear and simple unified interface for all web novices, students, business analysts, graphic designers and web gurus.
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Add simple or complex associations rules.
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Work at a higher level of abstraction with the model diagram editor when you create entity models, add attributes and join other relationships with other models.
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- Validation Rules
When users add or update your web app, apply the validation rules you need for each attribute.
What's New in Version 2.1.1
Fixed build issues with different localizations
- Category: Developer Tools
- Updated: 03 September 2011
- Version: 2.1.1
- Size: 21.3 MB
- Languages: English, Dutch, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Simplified Chinese, Spanish
- Developer: Widget Press, Inc.
- © Widget Press, Inc.
Compatibility: OS X 10.6.6 or later

subset: commoncrawl


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Hello everyone. I thought I would introduce myself rather than just come in blindly to the forums. I am gardening in zone 5A and started gardening off and on a few years ago..I thought this year I would start my prepper square foot garden...Ya right!!! Nope the drought had better ideas for me..so hopefully next year will be better..so this winter I can look for heirloom seed that I would like to add to my garden and seed storage.
I'm a wife of 22 yrs and a mom to a jack Russell. As well as a breast cancer survivor.
I'm not much of a crafter but would like to take up one someday.What I do enjoy doing is birdwatching and pretty much anything outdoors,genealogy,cooking/baking and canning,traveling.
Looking forward to hearing from you.
A friendly wave from a fellow Midwesterner
Hello everyone. I thought I would introduce myself rather than just come in blindly to the forums. I am gardening in zone 5A and started gardening off and on a few years ago..I thought this year I would start my prepper square foot garden...Ya right!!! Nope the drought had better ideas for me..so hopefully next year will be better..so this winter I can look for heirloom seed that I would like to add to my garden and seed storage.
Welcome! You will enjoy DG. Lots of good people with a wealth of information.
~~~~~~~~Waving hi to you and your jack russell from me, two poodles and one that might be maltpoo.
Love bird watching (feeding lots and lots of feeding) as want the birdies to like us as new neighbors.
Ah..yes..the drought..nuf said.
Stay strong and garden with us. have cookie recipes to share.
Hi again..who is still at your feeder? I still have chickadees, red breasted woodpecker stops by, red breasted nuthatch, common nuthatch and various finches and sparrows. I haven't checked out the varieties of the latter, as they seem to have all shopped at the same feather store!! I think I will have to restock the finch food..and check the nyger..they seem to like that better than the black oil.
Really late on crafts, was going to try for a few $$ on concrete cast leaves etc..maybe next season.
Off to laundry
Autumn_prepper, you almost sound like my twin, except that I have been married 29 years, and I have two Cairn Terriers. I do like to quilt, but that is my winter hobby, as gardening takes up my time in the summer. I've been square foot gardening for about 12 years now. If you have any questions, maybe I can help. I had a so so gardening year because of the drought. The only good thing about it was that I didn't have much problem with early blight.
As for bird watching, I love feeding the birds, but I am having a terrible time with the squirrels this year. Not just one, but at least five. They can't get into the bird feeders, but they sure do try. But I read about this idea on Dave's Garden a couple of years ago. You cut off the bottom of your Christmas tree trunk off (mine is about 2 1/2 feet tall), and cut off the branches leaving about a two inch stub for the birds to perch on. Then drill one inch holes all over the trunk (especially above the branch stubs, and fill with peanut butter and bird seed. The woodpeckers and other birds love it. I set the trunk out on the deck a week ago to get it ready to set it up and fill with peanut butter, and before I got to it, a pair of Downy Woodpeckers were on it pecking at the empty holes. Well, my problem is that the squirrels love the peanut butter also. They can eat everything on it in about 10 minutes. I added cayenne pepper to the peanut butter, and it didn't deter the squirrels at all. Does anyone have any suggestions?
Marcia, I think we chatted here on Dave's Garden a few years ago about the Daylily sale. I didn't make it this year, but I made a new bed that is 10' x 30', and it is all daylilies and irises. I can't wait to see everything bloom next year.
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Kauffman Stadium will soon be the site of a college baseball border clash."The National College Baseball Hall of Fame Classic at The K" will feature a matchup between the Wichita State Shockers and the Missouri Tigers on Tuesday, April 22 at 7 p.m. Farmland Foods will be the presenting sponsor of the game, which will benefit the National College Baseball Hall of Fame, located in Lubbock, Texas.
Click here for the original story.
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I agree with the first reviewer's husband, the yukon gold's are unremarkable when prepared according to the recipe. The sweet potatoes, however, are delish!!!
Oven-Fried Potatoes & Sweet Potatoes
From EatingWell: January/February 1997, The Essential EatingWell Cookbook (2004)
Hungry for fries? Slice potatoes into long thin wedges, toss with a little oil, salt and pepper, and pop them in the oven. They'll crisp to perfection—irresistible.
9 Reviews for Oven-Fried Potatoes & Sweet Potatoes
I've made these with olive oil, a little pepper and a little chile powder but didn't add salt. I also leave the skins on. Delicious! They are great to serve with a turkey burger! Yum!
When red bell peppers are dried, they are ground into tiny particles, making paprika.
Great recipe! When I make oven-fried wedges, I substitute garlic powder and onion powder for the paprika (taste preference). I *do* add paprika when I'm making mashed potatoes, however.


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Have a tour. A new look of wordpress.
Have a tour. A new look of wordpress.
Nice theme. Simple but cool. Btw what is the concept of your site?
Thanks..the concept is a daily newspaper but with a difference. The news is people like me & you not the celebrities. People post their thoughts/photos & they become eligible for news editing of tomorrow's newspaper. The other users rate the content/photo & the next day's news is displayed in ascending order of the rank. That's it the day ends & news ends, the next day whole new newspaper!
I would much appreciate if you tell what you didn't like so that I can improve. Thanks a lot for your time.
I see. Interesting concept.
Btw I think if your site has an outer border, it will be better. You can put the border behind the dark man and woman on the left and right. That would be cool.
But it's just me.
Cheers :D
This topic has been closed to new replies.


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Kobe Bryant Becomes Youngest NBA Player to Reach 30,000 Points
Kobe Bryant became the youngest National Basketball Association player to score 30,000 points as the Los Angeles Lakers beat the New Orleans Hornets 103-87.
Bryant reached 30,001 career points with a jump shot one minute, 16 seconds before halftime at the New Orleans Arena last night. He ended the game with 29 points.
Bryant joins Wilt Chamberlain, Karl Malone, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and Michael Jordan in reaching 30,000 career points.
Bryant reached the mark at 34 years, 104 days. Chamberlain was 35 years, 179 days old when he achieved the feat. Malone was next youngest at 36 years, 189 days, followed by Abdul-Jabbar (36 years, 217 days) and Jordan (38 years, 321 days), according to Elias Sports Bureau.
Abdul-Jabbar ended his career with 38,387 points, Malone had 36,928, Jordan scored 32,292 and Chamberlain amassed 31,419.
The Lakers improved to 9-10 with last night's win, while the Hornets fell to 5-12.


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Elk Grove Village had a history of GIS information within individual departments and use by employing outside contractors.
Village staff recognized the benefits of the GIS Consortium's model by incorporating their existing GIS data with regional Consortium data. The ability to have technically experienced GIS staff onsite was another factor in Elk Grove Village's decision to join. The Village plans to integrate all map related data into the GIS and to provide this information for all staff to support operations and to aid decision making.
Click here to view in
The GIS material is made available as a public service. Maps and data are to be used for reference purposes only and the GIS Consortium, is not responsible for any inaccuracies herein contained. No responsibility is assumed for damages or other liabilities due to the accuracy, availability, use or misuse of the information herein provided. GIS information is in the public domain and may be copied without permission; citation of the source is appreciated.
Member since: 2008
County: Cook, DuPage
Community website: http://www.elkgrove.org
Ray Rummel
Village Manager
Telephone: (847) 357-4010
Maggie Jablonski
Assistant Village Manager
Telephone: (847) 357-4006
Email: mjablonski(at)elkgrove.org


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Response to the column about the death of tailgating has been spilling out the office windows and onto the sidewalks. Turns out tailgaters of all sports are mad as hell and aren't going to take it anymore.
I'll say it again. Get out of your lawn chairs and stop the madness! Fans need "Tailgating is Not a Crime" T-shirts. Fans need organized protests. Mostly, fans need to send protest letters to team presidents and university officials with limburger cheese inside. Believe me, they'll relent.
You overlooked arguably the biggest football school in the state of Michigan. While the crackdown on tailgating isn't happening in surrounding parking lots, the city of Ann Arbor has been attempting to silence and contain the pregame festivities at several houses that lead up to the stadium which have long been a part of the pregame tradition. Students are fighting back though, as protests have been organized recently. We will not go quietly!
-- Alex Moyer (Ann Arbor, Mich.)
Citi Field, Mets. Five friends and I met for the weekend to attend a Yankee and a Met game. Pulled into parking lot at 5:30 p.m. going to have one beer and go into check out the stadium. We are all 40-plus and had my white Mini Van. Two sips. Undercover (cop) comes by and asks for IDs. (Said) we didn't have cups to pour cans into so we were cited for open container in parking lot. We offered to dump the beer but were told too late. Five $25 citations that took 45 minutes to write. Was told no open flames or cooking, open containers, scalping (right) or no having fun (made that one up). Welome to Citi Field -- empty, bad team, undercover pompus rent-a-jerks.
-- Doug Jones (Sauquoit, N.Y.)
Amen! I was recently at the Colorado-Kansas game, and we've been going to the same tailgating spot (in Boulder) on the top of the parking garage by the engineering building for 10 years. Sure enough, (there were) cops threatening to give tickets to anyone tailgating! They instructed us to a parking lot NEXT to the parking garage for tailgating. A parking lot that requires a parking permit, not paid parking. Friggin pinko commies.
-- Jeff Fawcett (Denver/Colorado)
(Harvard) banned U-Hauls and anything similar (including fun) from Yale-Harvard games around 7-9 yrs ago.
-- Randy (NYC)
I am a student at Western Michigan University. This weekend was our biggest football game of the year -- Central Michigan. At 3 p.m. sharp, police stormed the parking lot demanding everybody leave. We barely had time to pack up our car before police on horseback came and herded us out of the parking lot like livestock. I understand what they are trying to do with this 3-hour time limit, but they have to understand that they are failing. Anyone can see this is done to prevent excessive drinking. However, by setting the allowable time to begin tailgating at 3 hours before the game and then kicking us out promptly at kickoff, all they are doing is setting up a shot clock (pun intended). Suddenly students are drinking against the clock. Isn't binge drinking exactly what these universities should be trying to prevent?
-- Jay (Kalamazoo, Mich.)
Try tailgating at Coors Field for the World Series. Arrived two hours early in our season ticket parking lot, parked, got out, opened beers, lit cigars. Within five minutes, told to stop by roaming parking lot tailgating police. Thanks Mr. Coors for not allowing 30 minutes of celebration for years of suffering.
-- Marv Spyker (Frisco, Colo.)
Opening Day at Citizens Bank Stadium. Me and my friends go down early to tailgate but the lot we were in was not allowed to tailgate and was punishable by a fine of 50 bucks! If we got there early we were not allowed to sit outside the car and listen to music and eat and drink.
-- Andrew (Philadelphia, Pa.)
See all of Rick Reilly's The One E-mail That Wasn't Insulting
More random mind dumps from the brain of Rick Reilly. Go fish!
Be sure to check out Rick's Life of Reilly


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Almost fifty years in the business, the ever-youthful Olivia Newton-John is still going strong and making history. With her latest single, "You Have To Believe," the 67-year-old legend just notched a Billboard first. Along with her daughter Chloe Lattanzi, who's featured on the track, the two become the first mother-daughter team to reach No. 1 on the Billboard Dance Club Songs chart.
"I am so excited that this collaboration with my daughter and Dave Audé has reached #1 on the Dance Club Songs chart," says Newton-John. "It's fun to have another number one at this point in my career but, I am even more excited that it's with my daughter and that we get to share this together!"
"Having had the chance to work with my mom was such a great learning experience," says Lattanzi. "Now add to that being #1 makes it icing on the cake – I'm so proud of being a part of such an amazing team!"
To date, the only other mother-daughter Billboard chart toppers are a little country act named The Judds. Heard of them 😉 They reached pole position on the country charts but not on the club one.
"You Have To Believe" is a reworking of Newton-John's chart-topper, "Magic," from her film Xanadu. It features production from prolific dance maestro Dave Audé.
If you haven't checked out the music video for "You Have To Believe" yet, watch it below. To catch Olivia live in person, she continues to pack houses at the Flamingo Las Vegas with her ongoing residency, Summer Nights.
"Magic" was a chart-topper for Olivia Newton-John in 1980. For the 35th anniversary of the film Xanadu that spawned the single, the 66-year-old singer teams up with her daughter for a new club-ready version produced by Dave Aude.
Chloe Rose Lattanzi her only daughter with first husband Matt Lattanzi is the star of the new recording. The 29-year-old saunters through Las Vegas' neon graveyard, hits the club with Chippendale dancers and hangs out with drag queens for the accompanying visual. Check it out below.
The infamous Grease duo, Olivia Newton-John & John Travolta have reunited to release a Christmas album together titled, This Christmas and today they've just released the music video for one of the songs: "I Think You Might Like It."
In the video, Travolta flies his plane home for Christmas where he is reunited with Olivia Newton-John, who drove to meet him in a convertible packed with presents. The two do a little line dancing throughout the video in black outfits, which feels like an homage to the outfits they wore in final scenes in Grease. Aside from John & Olivia, we also see clips of other families reuniting for the holidays, including some soldiers returning home as well.
In the final clip of the video, the two drive off in the convertible, with one last wave from Olivia. This is of course an homage to the final scene in Grease when Danny & Sandy drive off in the flying car.
Oh, along with the release of the music video, John and Oliva sat down with Ellen DeGeneres on her show today. Enjoy the cute (and cheesy) Christmas music video, as well as their segment on Ellen below.
Watch the video & their interview with Ellen after the jump..
Over the weekend, the cast of "Glee" attended an event at the Paley Center for PaleyFest. Named for William S. Paley, founder of the Center and CBS, the annual festival celebrates television's creative successes and diverse programming and the creative process behind the medium. In the largest audience in Paley's history, the cast and producers delighted 2000 fans and media to a screening of Glee's first episode back after its winter hiatus on April 13, 2010.
According to preliminary reports, the return episode is firing on all cylinders and expected to wow fans going through Glee withdrawal. With previously announced and rumored guest stars Idina Menzel, Olivia Newton-John, Neil Patrick Harris and J.Lo on board, the cast spilled a few more spoilers about upcoming musical numbers and storylines. If you're like me and love reading spoilers, keep on reading, otherwise, proceed with caution.
First off – GO buy tickets here… NOW! Xanadu is currently playing at the Paramount Theater in Seattle until January 24th (this Sunday) – this is a limited engagement and tickets will be gone quick. So GO – after you read my article of course.
Tuesday night I was fortunate enough to score tickets to Broadway's hit musical Xanadu, so I grabbed my friend Scott (Lady, as I affectionately call him) and made our way down to Seattle's Paramount theater. To be perfectly honest, when we sat in our seats I turned to Scott and said "I really don't understand how a musical about a roller skating and Greek gods can be a hit musical. I mean, REALLY?" Scott just looked at me, nodded and shrugged his shoulders. If I didn't understand why this wasn't a hit before the show started, I definitely did 10 minutes into it.
It's safe to say that both Scott and I gay-gasped throughout the musical, probably about every 20 minutes. Between the outfits, humor, glitter, lights, music and energy – there was no shortage of laughing out loud and definitely not much time spent without smiles plastered across our faces. The story line, while literally out of this world, is cute and not over the top in the cheese department. Clio (aka Kara), played by Elizabeth Stanley, kills it as the Leader of the Muses even adapting a comical version of Olivia Newton John's Australian accent. Her on-stage counterpart Sonny played by Max Von Essen is equally as entertaining as the goofy Venice Beach "valley boy" artist trying to make a name for himself.
It's a match made in Xanadu heaven. Glee producer, Ryan Murphy, unveiled the Grease's stars upcoming guest spot to E! Online. When Glee returns in April from it's mid-season hiatus, Olivia will be
track suiting it up with Jane Lynch's Sue Sylvester. Though no official word was released on what Olivia's role will be, Murphy did indicate that Newton-John will be dusting off her 80s headbands to perform her 1981 hit, "Let's Get Physical" with Lynch.
I was already dying without my weekly Glee fix and now with this latest news, I'm hoping April arrives even faster. With Idina Menzel also joining the cast when Glee returns, the second half of the season is shaping up to be better than the first part. Though producers and Fox have stated Menzel's role will be Vocal Adrenaline's coach, I'm cautiously optimistic that she'll end up being Rachel Berry's biological mother. During the pilot episode, it was revealed that Berry's character had two gay dads and was conceived via a sperm mash-up from the two combined with an egg.
It would be a CRIME on the producer's behalf to not reference the resemblance between the two Broadway divas. This type of casting perfection comes along once in a blue moon. Check out the side-by-side comparisons between the two talented brunette songstresses.
comparison and Olivia's "Let's Get Physical" music video after the jump


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This simulation exercise rests on the idea that people learn a lot better by doing something than by talking about it. My Product Owner classes were getting great reviews, but I really felt like there was something missing compared to my ScrumMaster classes which have a full-day ScrumMaster simulation exercise. It took a little while to figure it out, but this article describes in detail how I do the simulation for the Product Owner class. I'm sure it will evolve and get refined from here since I have only used the simulation twice so far.
NOTE: Permission to use this exercise / print associated materials is granted with a simple request: please link to this page on your blog, in a LinkedIn group or Google group, like it on Facebook etc. or write a comment in our comments section!
Pre-requisites: None! No prior Scrum or Agile knowledge or experience required.
Audience: Product Owners, Business Analysts, Project Managers, Product Managers and other people responsible for business results and who interact with a Scrum team.
Timing: This simulation takes at least 7 classroom hours. I usually run it from 8:30am to 5:00pm with a one hour lunch break and two 15 minute breaks during the day.
Materials Needed:
- Coloured pencils and/or coloured markers
- Black Sharpie fine-point markers
- Scissors
- Rulers
- Scotch tape and/or glue stick
- Blank white printer paper
- Pencils, erasers, pencil sharpeners
- Blank white 4×6 and 3×5 note cards
- Blank white box (e.g. a shirt box from U-Line)
- Planning Game cards (email me if you want a bunch for free!)
Room Setup: Round tables with 4 to 6 chairs at each table. Materials distributed to each table.
Agenda (with facilitator's notes):
- Lecture: Simulation Overview, Backlog Preparation and Refinement
The purpose of the overall simulation is to learn to create a good Product Backlog in preparation for a Scrum team's first Sprint. Review the agenda with participants.
- Exercise: Great Products and their Vision
5 minutes – at table groups, think about the consumer products you know and use often. How are those products marketed and sold? How are they presented? How do you decide to use that product vs. a competitive product?
- Discussion: What Makes a Great Product Vision?
Ask for the group to brainstorm the qualities of a great product vision. Ensure that "simplicity", "urgency", and "emotion" are all mentioned. (Great reference: "Made to Stick: Why Some Ideas Survive and Others Die" by Chip and Dan Heath.)
- Discussion: Choosing a Product for the Simulation
Give participants four product options (suggested options: "Doggy dating web site", "iPad app for plastic surgeons", "POS for food trucks with social features", or come up with your own app idea). A table group must agree to one of the options. They will stick with this product for the remainder of the simulation. 5 minutes to decide (usually takes much less).
- Part 1: Product Vision
- Exercise: Product Vision Statement
5 minutes – attempt to craft a brief, compelling product vision statement that communicates "simplicity", "urgency" and "emotion".
- Lecture: Innovation Games – Product Box
Product Box Handout [PDF]
Talk about the need for a compelling vision as a pre-requisite for high-performance teams, and a way to decide what is in vs. out of a Product Backlog. Introduce "Product Box" as a way to do market research in an Agile compatible way (collaborative, light documentation, quick). Talk about the pattern of a product box: front to attract, back to showcase, sides to deal with objections. Use of online resources / web research is allowed but should not dominate the exercise.
- Exercise: Building Your Product
30 minutes, with warnings at 15 minutes and 5 minutes remaining. Ensure that by 10 minutes in, the group has actually started using the craft supplies and isn't just talking.
- Exercise: Presenting Your Product
5 minutes – give additional time to allow groups to prepare for a trade show (in their market) presentation where other groups (or yourself) will role-play sceptical trade show participants.
- Exercise: Product Vision Statement Reprise
5 minutes – attempt to craft a brief, compelling product vision statement that communicates "simplicity", "urgency" and "emotion".
- Discussion: Debrief
- Exercise: Product Vision Statement
- Part 2: Product Users
- Handout: User Categories
- Lecture: User Categories
Describe "end users", "customers" and "admin users" as the three major categories. Users can be in hierarchies where a general user type may have two or more specific sub-types.
- Exercise: Identifying Users
10 minutes. One user of each main type (end, admin and cust), at least 5 users in total. More is okay.
- Lecture: Personas, Usability and Empathy
Introduce Persona concept (great reference: "The Inmates are Running the Asylum" by Alan Cooper). Usability as part of Agile, not separate (i.e. "working software"). Identifying personas as a way to build empathy from the development team to the end users/customers.
- Exercise: Generate a Persona
10 minutes. Choose a primary user. Generate name, age, background story, and relationship to product. Don't worry about an image. Try to be specific and write the background so it emphasizes the concept of empathy.
- Part 3: User Stories
- Handout: User Stories [PDF]
- Lecture: Writing Effective User Stories
Use the example "As a Job Seeker, I can upload my resume, so that I get a job." Explain the user story template based on the handout. Emphasize the idea of end user functionality. Explain user stories as an important tool, but optional part of Scrum.
- Exercise: Create User Stories
Goal: 20 user stories for each group's product, at least two user stories for each type of user, all done in 20 minutes. User Stories must be written on 3×5 note cards with a 2cm blank area on right side of each card. The groups start by writing one or two User Stories together, then divide and conquer to create the rest. At the end of the 20 minutes, there is a brief amount of time allocated to making sure there are no duplicated "features" described.
- Discussion: Review User Stories
Workshop examples from each group. Ensure that the "benefit" section of each story does not contain a feature. Possibly discuss the three parts of a User Story as "who", "what" and "why". The benefit is usually related to time, money or happiness and connects the User Story to the product vision.
- Handout: User Story Splitting [PDF]
- Lecture: Splitting User Stories
Go through each of the "top" six splitting methods. Provide simple examples where the group needs help. E.g. error conditions as an example of splitting by business logic.
- Exercise: Split Some
Goal: result in at least 30 user stories, use each of the top six splitting methods at least once, give 15 minutes.
- Discussion: Review Splitting
- Part 4: Estimation and Financial Modelling
- Lecture: Effort, Value and ROI
Customers and business stakeholders estimate value, Scrum team members estimate effort, and ROI is the calculation of the ration of value over effort. Discuss examples of ordering based on these ratios, e.g. 8/2 vs. 8/4 and 200/20 vs. 20/2.
- Handout: The Bucket System
- Lecture: The Bucket System
Review process based on handout.
- Exercise: Estimating Business Value
10 minutes. Goal: all user stories get a business value estimate written in the top right-hand corner of the user story card.
- Discussion: Debrief the Bucket System
- Handout: The Planning Game
- Lecture: The Planning Game
- Exercise: Estimating Effort
20 minutes. Goal: estimate 3 user stories using the Planning Game. Use the Bucket System to estimate the remainder with the ones already estimated as the reference points.
- Discussion: Debrief the Planning Game
- Handout: Methods of Ordering the Product Backlog
- Lecture: Ordering a Product Backlog
Review ROI as a method to order the PBIs. Reminder that the Product Owner has final authority and can ignore the estimates in deciding on the order.
- Exercise: Calculating ROI and Ordering
5 minutes. Just simple divide-and-conquer calculations of business value divided by effort for all the user stories.
- Lecture: Simulation Wrap-Up – Where Does This Fit?
Reminder of the idea of creating an initial Product Backlog that is "good enough" to start the first Sprint.
- Lecture: Effort, Value and ROI
NOTE: Permission to use this exercise / print associated materials is granted with a simple request: please link to this page on your blog, in a LinkedIn group or Google group, like it on Facebook etc. or write a comment in our comments section!
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Did you know 87 is the average number of children under the age of 5 who drown each year, in and around the home? 80 percent happen in a bathtub. Find out how to stop it.
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Alert! Middle school students wanted! Create a cool poster. Warn people about dangers of poisonous carbon monoxide (CO). Stop the invisible killer! Save lives! Win prize money!
CPSC staff briefs Commissioners on Infant Sling Carriers - Proposed Rule (Section 104)
CPSC hosted forum focused on technological means of reducing the risk of carbon monoxide (CO) exposure from vented gas heating appliances under a variety of conditions.
CPSC hosted forum focused on technological means of reducing the risk of carbon monoxide (CO) exposure from vented gas heating appliances under a variety of conditions.
This month on Recall Roundup. Office Depot recalls office chairs, Ontel recalls isometric exercise devices, and Dyson recalls bladeless portable electric heaters.
CPSC Commissioners discuss with staff operating plan adjustments.
CPSC staff briefs Commissioners on frame child carriers, notice of proposed rulemaking.
To prevent injuries and to keep kids safe, CPSC has approved a new federal safety standard for strollers and carriages.
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YOUNG AlUMNI CHAPTER
You are the future of the UCF Nation. Whether you just graduated or have been out of school for a few years, the UCF Young Alumni Chapter is your connection to UKNIGHT today and in the future. Welcome to the family!
Get Involved!
All Knights are welcome to join us for social, career and community events throughout the year.
Getting involved is easy! Here's how:
- Update your alumni profile so we have your current address and contact info.
- Use the social media links above to get connected.
- Find Knights in your neighborhood with the online alumni directory.
- Do business with Knight-owned companies.
- Contact us and let us know you're a young alumnus or alumna.
- Interested in a volunteer position? Let us know.
Latoya Jackson, '12
Coordinator, Constituent Programs, Outreach & Engagement
Signature Event
Black & Gold Takeover
During UCF Homecoming, the UCF Young Alumni Chapter hosts the annual Black & Gold Takeover downtown Orlando.
The Office of UCF Engagement and Annual Giving has partnered with Contiki Vacations, the world's No. 1 travel company for 18- to 35-year-olds, to offer both a European grad trip and optional excursion voucher ($50) for young alumni to use on a tour of eight or more days now through Oct. 10, 2015.
Take advantage of Contiki's new year sale, group discounts, early payment discounts and last-minute deals on vacations in the USA and Canada, Europe, Asia, Australia, New Zealand and Latin America.
Whether it's a senior trip celebrating college graduation, a quick break from work or an epic journey of a lifetime, Contiki has a vacation that's perfect for everyone.
Email email@example.com or call 866.652.4483 for booking information or visit http://www.contiki.com/ucfalumni.
Chapter Leaders
- Leah Maxwell, '10, '12 | Chair
- Victoria Manglardi, '08 | Vice Chair
- Alexandra Kennedy, '12 | Outreach/Engagement Chair
- Lauren Senninger, '09 | Marketing/Communication Chair
- Justina Oldehoff, '09 | Signature Events Chair
- Nick Pectol, '10 | Athletics Chair
- Octavia Powell, '09 | Immediate Past Chair
- Daniel Oldehoff, '13 | Member-at-Large
- James Gilmore, '11, '14 | Member-at-Large


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I have just flashed my BIOS and now my machine does not detect my raid5 array! It has three 2TB drives in it so that is a LOT of data that will be lost!
I have NOT deleted the array and it does not offer me to reboot
I'm using Nvidia MediaShield! and Windows 7. Any ideas guys? Thanks!
Update: here is the GUI raid configuration. As you see it shows one disk in the array but for some reason not the other two!


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Dani Pedrosa beat Jorge Lorenzo again in final practice for MotoGP's Malaysian Grand Prix.
Honda rider Pedrosa had also been quickest in Friday's sole dry session, and came to Malaysia with momentum on his side after wins in the preceding races at Aragon and Motegi.
Lorenzo had led the first half of practice three with a lap of 2m01.344s on his Yamaha, before Pedrosa set a 2m01.186s 25 minutes from the end. He would set several more low-2m01s times before the session finished.
Casey Stoner was third on the second Honda, nearly 0.7s off the pace.
Tech 3 Yamaha duo Andrea Dovizioso and Cal Crutchlow completed the top five.
Ben Spies recovered from a trip over the grass and gravel after a viscious twitch under braking for the final corner to take sixth.
Both Ducati riders fell, with near-identical incidents for Nicky Hayden and Valentino Rossi at Turn 1. The Italian's low-side happened near the start of practice, while Hayden waited until the final minutes before replicating it.
Hayden ended up eighth, Rossi 10th.
Avintia CRT rider Yonny Hernandez did not run in the session and is in doubt for the rest of the weekend amid continued pain from the collarbone he dislocated in a Japanese Grand Prix crash.
- Dani Pedrosa
- Casey Stoner
- Nicky Hayden


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The worst and most common boxing mistakes especially in beginner fighters. I would see the main fighting mistakes are the cause of all the other boxing mistakes when it comes to forgetting techniques watch video >>
How to improve your fighting reflexes and fighting reaction time. The answer is not necessary defensive drills or defensive technique or even muscle contraction rate. Watch the video to learn how you watch video >>
Simple strategic boxing tips to help you establish your fighting range and distance in the ring. You should know your punching range as well as your opponent's striking range. Being able to gauge dis watch video >>
Common mistake in many boxers and boxing stances. Having a fighting stance where your hips stick will greatly affect your balance and ability to move as well as transfer power. Check out "How to Box watch video >>
Learn how to shadowbox properly for boxing coordination, boxing skills, and overall fighting awareness. Shadowboxing is a useful exercise that can help drill new boxing technique and boxing strategy watch video >>
http://ChatMMA.com watch video >>
MMA H.E.A.T.'s Karyn Bryant talks with welterweight Dan Hardy about his upcoming bout with Duane Ludwig at UFC 146. Dan talks about the sabbatical he took after losing three fights in a row, why he w watch video >>
Finalist Rony "Jason" Mariano Bezerra talks about his experience on the first-ever The Ultimate Fighter Brasil®, including training with legendary Wanderlei Silva, and how a win will change his life. watch video >>
http://www.MMAWeekly.com TUF 18 Finalist David Grant is a friendly fellow from across the pond. The jovial Englishman will get his shot at MMA glory Saturday night at the Mandalay Bay Events Center watch video >>
How do you train an ultimate fighter? Team Sonnen assistant coaches run down the challenges they faced in Brazil and how the rivalry between the coaches impacted training. Catch a new episode of TUF watch video >>


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Jets and accretion disks have been observed to accompany widely varying types of astrophysical objects, ranging from proto-star systems to binary stars to galactic nuclei. While the mechanism for jet formation is the subject of much debate, many of the proposed theoretical models predict that jets form as the result of magnetic forces.
Now, a team of applied physicists at the California Institute of Technology have brought this seemingly remote phenomenon into the lab. By using technology originally developed for creating a magnetic fusion configuration called a spheromak, they have produced plasmas that incorporate the essential physics of astrophysical jets. (Plasmas are ionized gases and are excellent electrical conductors; everyday examples of plasmas are lightning, the northern lights, and the glowing gas in neon signs.)
Reporting in an upcoming issue of the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Caltech professor of applied physics Paul Bellan and postdoctoral scholar Scott Hsu describe how their work helps explain the magnetic dynamics of these jets. By placing two concentric copper electrodes and a coaxial coil in a large vacuum vessel and driving huge electric currents through hydrogen plasma, these scientists have succeeded in producing jet-like structures that not only resemble those in astronomical images, but also develop remarkable helical instabilities that could help explain the "wiggled" structure observed in some astrophysical jets.
"Photographs clearly show that the jet-like structures in the experiment form spontaneously," says Bellan, who studies laboratory plasma physics but chanced upon the astrophysical application when he was looking at how plasmas with large internal currents can self-organize. "We originally built this experiment to study spheromak formation, but it also dawned on us that the combination of electrode structure, applied magnetic field, and applied voltage is similar to theoretical descriptions of accretion disks, and so might produce jet-like plasmas."
The theory Bellan refers to states that jets can be formed when magnetic fields are twisted up by the rotation of accretion disks. Magnetic field lines in plasma are like elastic bands frozen into jello. The electric currents flowing in the plasma (jello) can change the shape of the magnetic field lines (elastic bands) and thus change the shape of the plasma as well. Magnetic forces associated with these currents squeeze both the plasma and its embedded magnetic field into a narrow jet that shoots out along the axis of the disk.
By applying a voltage differential across the gap between the two concentric electrodes, Bellan and Hsu effectively simulate an accretion disk spinning in the presence of a magnetic field. The coil produces magnetic field lines linking the two concentric electrodes in a manner similar to the magnetic field linking the central object and the accretion disk.
In the experiment an electric current of about 100 kiloamperes is driven through the tenuous plasma, resulting in two-foot-long jet-like structures traveling at approximately 90 thousand miles per hour. More intense currents cause a jet to become unstable so that it deforms into a theoretically predicted helical shape known as a kink. Even greater currents cause the kinked jets to break off and form a spheromak. The jets last about 5 to 10 millionths of a second, and are photographed with a special high-speed camera.
"These things are very scalable, which is why we're arguing that the work applies to astrophysics," Bellan explains. "If you made the experiment the size of Pasadena, for example, the jets might last one second; or if it were the size of the earth, they would last about 10 minutes. But obviously, that's impractical."
The importance of the study, Bellan and Hsu say, is that it provides compelling evidence in support of the idea that astrophysical jets are formed by magnetic forces associated with rotating accretion disks, and it also provides quantitative information on the stability properties of these jets.
The work was supported by a grant from the U.S. Department of Energy.
Contact: Robert Tindol (626) 395-3631
Astrophysicists at the California Institute of Technology, using the Palomar 200-inch telescope, have uncovered evidence that a special type of pulsar has the strongest magnetic field in the universe.
Reporting in the May 30 issue of the journal Nature, Caltech graduate student Brian Kern and his advisor Chris Martin report on the nature of pulses emanating from a faint object in the constellation Cassiopeia. Using a specially designed camera and the Palomar 200-inch telescope, the team discovered that a quarter of the visible light from the pulsar known as 4U0142+61 is pulsed, while only 3 percent of the X rays emanating from the object are pulsed, meaning that the pulsar must be an object known as a magnetar.
"We were amazed to see how strongly the object pulsed in optical light compared with X rays," said Martin, who is a professor of physics at Caltech. "The light had to be coming from a strong, rotating magnetic field rather than a disk of infalling gas."
To explain the precise chain of reasoning that led the team to their conclusion, a certain amount of explanation of the nature of stars and pulsars is in order. Normal stars are powered by nuclear fusion in their hot cores. When a massive star exhausts its nuclear fuel, its core collapses, causing a titanic "supernova" explosion.
The collapsing core forms a "neutron star" which is as dense as an atomic nucleus and the size of Los Angeles. The very weak magnetism of the original star is greatly amplified (a billion- to a trillion-fold) during the collapse. The slow rotation of the original star grows as well, just as an ice skater spins much faster when her arms are drawn in.
The combination of a strong magnetic field and rapid spin often produces a "pulsar," an object that rotates its beam of light just like a lighthouse, but usually in the radio band of the electromagnetic spectrum. Pulsars have been discovered that rotate almost one thousand times every second. In conventional pulsars that have been studied since their discovery in the 1960s, the source of the energy that produces this pulsing light is the rotation itself.
In the last decade, a new type of pulsar has been discovered that is very different from the conventional radio pulsar. This type of object, dubbed an "anomalous X-ray pulsar," has a very lazy rotation (one every 6 to 12 seconds) and pulses in the X- ray frequencies but is invisible in radio waves. However, the X-ray power is hundreds of times the power provided by their slow rotation. Their source of energy is unknown, and therefore "anomalous." One of the brightest of these pulsars is 4U0142+61, named for its sky coordinates and detection by the Uhuru X-ray mission in the 1970s.
Two sources of energy for the X rays are possible. In the first model, bits of gas blown off in the supernova explosion fall back onto the resulting neutron star, whose magnetic field is no stronger than an ordinary pulsar's. As the gas slowly falls (accretes) onto the surface, it becomes hot and emits X rays.
A second model, proposed by Robert Duncan (University of Texas) and Christopher Thompson (Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics), holds that anomalous X-ray pulsars are magnetars, or neutron stars with ultra-strong magnetic fields. The magnetic field is so strong that it can power the neutron star by itself, generating X rays and optical light. Magnetic fields power solar flares in our own sun, but with only a tiny fraction of the power of nuclear fusion. Magnetars would be the only objects in the universe powered mainly by magnetism.
"Scientists would be thrilled to investigate these enormous magnetic fields, if they exist," says Kern. "Identifying 4U0142+61 as a magnetar is the essential first step in these studies."
The missing observational clue to distinguish between these very different power sources was provided by a novel camera designed to look at optical light coming from very faint pulsars. While most of the light appears in X-ray frequencies, anomalous X-ray pulsars emit a small amount of optical light. In pulsars powered by disks of gas, optical pulsations would be a diluted byproduct of X-ray pulsations, which are weak in this pulsar. A magnetar, on the other hand, would be expected to pulse as much or more in optical light as in X ray frequencies.
The problem is that the optical light from the object is extremely faint, about the brightness of a candle sitting on the moon. Astronomical cameras designed to look at very faint stars and galaxies must take very long exposures, as long as many hours, in order to detect the faint light, even with a 200-inch telescope. But in order to detect pulsations that repeat every eight seconds, the rotation period of 4U0142+61, exposure times must be very short, less than a second.
Martin and Kern invented a camera to solve this problem. The camera takes 10 separate pictures of the sky during a single rotation of the pulsar, each picture for less than one second. The camera then shuffles the pictures back to their starting point, and re-exposes the same 10 pictures for the next pulsar rotation. This exposure cycle is repeated hundreds of times before the camera data is recorded. The final image shows the pulsar at 10 different points in its repetitive cycle. During the cycle, part of the image is bright while part is dim. The large optical pulsations seen in 4U0142+61 show that it must be a magnetar.
How strong is the magnetic field of this magnetar? It is as much as a quadrillion times the strength of the earth's magnetic field, and ten billion times as strong as the strongest laboratory magnet ever made. A toy bar magnet placed near the pulsar would feel a force of a trillion pounds pulling its ends into alignment with the pulsar's magnetic poles.
A magnetar would be an unsafe place for humans to go. Because the pulsar acts as a colossal electromagnetic generator, a person in a spacecraft floating above the pulsar as it rotated would feel 100 trillion volts between his head and feet.
The magnetism is so strong that it has bizarre effects even on a perfect vacuum, polarizing the light traveling through it. Kern and Martin hope to measure this polarization with their camera in the near future in order to measure directly the effects of this ultra-strong magnetism, and to study the behavior of matter in extreme conditions that will never be reproduced in the laboratory.
Additional information available at http://www.astro.caltech.edu/palomar/
A rare type of ammonia that includes three atoms of deuterium has been found in a molecular cloud about 1,000 light-years from Earth. The comparative ease of detecting the molecules means there are more of them than previously thought.
In a study appearing in the May 20 issue of the Astrophysical Journal Letters, an international team of astronomers reports on the contents of a molecular cloud in the direction of the constellation Perseus. The observations were done with the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory atop Mauna Kea in Hawaii.
The molecule in question is called "triply deuterated ammonia," meaning that each molecule is composed of a nitrogen atom and three deuterium atoms (heavy hydrogen), rather than the usual single nitrogen atom and three hydrogen atoms found in the typical bottle of household ammonia. While not unknown on Earth, the molecules, until recently, were thought by experts to be quite rare—so rare, in fact, that the substance was considered too sparse to even be detectable from Earth.
But now that scientists have detected triply deuterated ammonia in the interstellar medium, they're still wondering why they were able to do so at all, says Tom Phillips, a physics professor at the California Institute of Technology, director of the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory, and leader of the Caltech team. No other molecules containing three deuterium atoms have ever been detected in interstellar space.
"From simple statistics alone, the chances for all three hydrogen atoms in an ammonia molecule to be replaced by the very rare deuterium atoms are one in a million billion," Phillips explains. "This is like buying a $1 state lottery ticket two weeks in a row and winning a $30 million jackpot both weeks. Astronomical odds indeed!"
As for the reasons the molecules would exist in the first place, says Dariusz Lis, a senior research associate in physics at Caltech and lead author of the paper, the frigid conditions of the dense interstellar medium allow the deuterium replacement of the hydrogen atoms to take place. At higher temperatures, there would be a back-and-forth exchange of the deuterium atoms between the ammonia molecules and the hydrogen molecules also present in the interstellar medium. But at the frosty 10-to-20 degrees above absolute zero that prevails in the clouds, the deuterium atoms prefer to settle into the ammonia molecules and stay there.
The study is important because it furthers the understanding of the chemistry of the cold, dense interstellar medium and the way molecules transfer from grains of dust to the gas phase, Phillips explains. The researchers think the triply deuterated ammonia was probably kicked off the dust grains by the energy of a young star forming nearby, thus returning to the gas state, where it could be detected by the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory.
The study was made possible because of the special capabilities of the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory, a 10.4-meter telescope constructed and operated by Caltech with funding from the National Science Foundation. The telescope is fitted with the world's most sensitive submillimeter detectors, making it ideal for seeking out the diffused gases and molecules crucial to understanding star formation.
In addition to the Caltech observers, the team also included international members from France led by Evelyne Roueff and Maryvonne Gerin from the Observatoire de Paris, funded by the French CNRS, and astronomers from the Max-Planck-Institut fuer Radioastronomie in Germany.
The main Web site for the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory is at http://www.submm.caltech.edu/cso.
The observations were made with the Cosmic Background Imager (CBI), which was designed especially to make fine-detailed high-precision pictures in order to measure the geometry of space-time and other fundamental cosmological quantities.
The cosmic microwave background (CMB) originated about 300,000 years after the Big Bang and it provides a crucial experimental laboratory for cosmologists to understand the origin and eventual fate of the universe because at that remote epoch matter had not yet formed galaxies and stars. Tiny density fluctuations at that time grew under the influence of gravity to produce all the structures we see in the universe today, from clusters of galaxies down to galaxies, stars and planets. These density fluctuations give rise to temperature fluctuations which are seen in the microwave background.
First predicted soon after World War II and first detected in 1965, the CMB arose when matter got cool enough for the electrons and protons to combine to form atoms, at which point the universe became transparent. Before this time the universe was an opaque fog because light couldn't travel very far before hitting an electron.
The CBI results released today provide independent confirmation that the universe is "flat." Also, the data yield a good measurement of the amount of the mysterious non-baryonic "dark matter" —which differs from the stuff everyday objects are made of—in the universe. The results also confirm that "dark energy" plays an important role in the evolution of the universe.
According to Anthony Readhead, the Rawn Professor of Astronomy at Caltech and principal investigator on the CBI project, "These unique high-resolution observations give a powerful confirmation of the standard cosmological model. Moreover this is the first direct detection of the seeds of clusters of galaxies in the early universe."
The flat universe and the existence of "dark energy" lend additional empirical credence to the theory of "inflation," which states that the universe grew from a tiny subatomic region during a period of violent expansion a split second after the Big Bang —a popular theory to account for troubling details about the Big Bang and its aftermath.
Because it sees finer details in the CMB sky, the CBI goes beyond the recent successes of the BOOMERANG and MAXIMA balloon-borne experiments and the DASI experiment at the South Pole.
The previous findings relied on a simple model which the higher resolution CBI observations have verified. If the interpretation were incorrect, it would require nature to be doubly mischievous to be giving the same wrong answers from observations on both large and small angular scales.
"We have been fortunate at CITA to work closely with Caltech as members of both the CBI and BOOMERANG teams to help analyze the cosmological implications of these exquisite high precision experiments," says Richard Bond, director of the Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, " It is hard to imagine a more satisfying marriage of theory and experiment."
Given the radical nature of the results coming from cosmological observations, it is crucial that all aspects of cosmological theory be thoroughly tested. The fact that the CBI observations compared with others are at very different resolution, and that the various observations are made with widely differing techniques, at different frequencies, and cover different parts of the sky, and yet agree so well, gives great confidence to the findings.
The CBI hardware was designed primarily by Steven Padin, chief scientist on the project, while the software was designed and implemented by senior research associate Timothy Pearson and staff scientist Martin Shepherd. Postdoctoral Scholar Brian Mason and three graduate students, John Cartwright, Jonathan Sievers, and Patricia Udomprasert all played critical roles in the project.
The photons we see today with instruments like the CBI, the earlier COBE satellite, and the BOOMERANG, MAXIMA, and DASI experiments, have been traveling through the universe since first emitted from matter about 14 billion years ago.
The temperature differences observed in the CMB are so slight, only about one part in 100,000, that it has taken 37 years to get images with details as fine as these presented today. Though first detected with a ground-based antenna in 1965, the cosmic microwave background appeared to be quite smooth to earlier experimentalists due to the limitation of the instruments available to them. It was the COBE satellite in the early 1990s that first demonstrated slight variations in the cosmic microwave background. The celebrated COBE images were of the entire sky, but the details were many times larger than any known structures in the present universe.
The CBI and the DASI instrument of the University of Chicago, which is operating at the South Pole, are sister projects that share much commonality of design, both making interferometry measurements of extremely high precision.
The BOOMERANG experiment, led by Caltech's Goldberger Professor of Physics Andrew Lange, demonstrated the flatness of the universe two years ago. The BOOMERANG observations, together with observations from the MAXIMA and DASI experiments, not only indicated the geometry of the universe, but also bolstered the inflation theory via accurate measurements of many of the fundamental cosmological parameters. The combination of these previous results with those announced today covers a range of angular scales from about one-tenth of a moon diameter to about one hundred moon diameters, and this gives great confidence in the combined results.
The CBI is a microwave telescope array comprising 13 separate antennas, each about three feet in diameter, set up in concert so that the entire machine acts as an interferometer. The detector is located at Llano de Chajnantor, a high plateau in Chile at 16,700 feet, making it by far the most sophisticated scientific instrument ever used at such high altitudes. The telescope is so high, in fact, that members of the scientific team must each carry bottled oxygen to do the work.
In five separate papers submitted today to the Astrophysical Journal, Readhead and his colleagues at Caltech, together with collaborators from the Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, the National Radio Astronomy Observatory, the University of Chicago, the Universidad de Chile, the University of Alberta, the University of California at Berkeley, and the Marshall Space Flight Center, report on observations of the cosmic microwave background they have obtained since the CBI began operation in January 2000. The images obtained cover three patches of sky, each about 70 times the size of the moon, but showing fine details down to only one percent the size of the moon.
The next step for Readhead and his CBI team is to look for polarization in the photons of the cosmic microwave background. This will be a two-pronged attack involving both the CBI and DASI instruments and teams in complementary observations, which will enable them to tie down the value of these fundamental parameters with significantly higher precision. Funds for the upgrade of the CBI to polarization capability have been generously provided by the Kavli Institute.
The CBI is supported by the National Science Foundation, the California Institute of Technology, and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, and has also received generous support from Maxine and Ronald Linde, Cecil and Sally Drinkward, Stanley and Barbara Rawn, Jr., and the Kavli Institute.
Contact: Robert Tindol (626) 395-3631
In two papers appearing in an upcoming issue of the Astrophysical Journal, an international team of astrophysicists led by Shri Kulkarni of the California Institute of Technology reveals that new data show that supernovae are the source of gamma-ray bursts.
The new information was obtained from a gamma-ray burst that was detected in November and studied by the Hubble Space Telescope, the Australia Telescope Compact Array, the Anglo-Australian Telescope, and optical telescopes in Chile.
For the last few years astronomers have been chasing clues linking the mysterious gamma-ray bursts to their favored suspect: massive stars. Previous observations hinted at debris from an exploding star, but the observations were inconclusive.
Careful observations of gamma-ray burst GRB 011121 have uncovered remnants of the exploded star, whose signature was buried in the bright, fading embers. Now, for the first time, two compelling tell-tale signatures of the massive star were observed.
As explained by Kulkarni, who is the McArthur Professor of Astronomy and Planetary Sciences at Caltech and the head of the international team that made this discovery, "With these observations we have tied this gamma-ray burst to an exploding star. I am absolutely delighted that nature provided us with such a clean answer."
At the core of the observations, the data show that a supernova accompanied the burst. Supernovae are a natural consequence of exploding stars and difficult to make by other means. Joshua Bloom, Caltech graduate student and lead author on the supernova paper, said. "It is not often that a graduate student gets the chance to make a major discovery. I am very fortunate to be involved in this one."
The astronomers were also able to deduce that the explosion took place in a cocoon of gas fed by a "wind" of matter emanating from the progenitor star. Paul Price, graduate student at the Australian National University and a lead author on the second paper, was "intensely excited. Once it became clear that we had not only seen the supernova but also the cocoon I was very happy; I couldn't sleep for days."
The gamma-ray burst in question was detected on November 21, 2001, by the Italian-Dutch Satellite BeppoSAX in the southern-sky constellation of Chamaeleon. The position was quickly refined by a network of satellites. Astronomers from Poland and Chile, as well as another U.S. team from Harvard, used optical telescopes in Chile to rapidly identify the ``afterglow,'' or glowing embers, of the gamma-ray burst and determined that the galaxy in which the burst was located was quite near - a paltry five billion light-years from Earth.
The sensitive optical and infrared observations were in part possible because of the relatively small distance to the burst. Given the proximity, the Caltech team decided to dedicate a large portion of their allocated Hubble Space Telescope time toward observing any possible supernova component. Kulkarni says of the decision, "We simply went for broke because of the potential payoff."
Kulkarni believes that this is just the beginning of a new era in our understanding of the death of massive stars. The stars die by collapsing, and the collapse both fuels the explosion and leaves a stellar residue of neutron stars and black holes. Indeed, theorists have long speculated that gamma-ray bursts are the birth cry of spinning black holes. New facilities such as the Chandra X-Ray Observatory, and future facilities such as gravitational-wave observatories and neutrino telescopes, will allow astronomers to investigate the dramatic collapse process.
Kulkarni cautions, however, that all is still not known about gamma-ray bursts. It may be that other exotic phenomena, such as two colliding neutron stars, or a neutron star colliding with a black hole, produce some of the events that we see. "Despite extensive efforts, until now we have not seen clear signatures for a cocoon in dozens of other gamma-ray bursts, and there have been only hints of a supernova in a few other bursts," Bloom says.
Price adds, "It means there will be lots more to do in the future. I have a secure thesis now!"
In addition to Kulkarni, Bloom, and Price, members of the team reporting the results are Caltech professors S. George Djorgovski and Fiona Harrison and postdoctoral fellows and scholars Daniel Reichart, Derek Fox, Titus Galama, and Re'em Sari. Edo Berger and Sara Yost are Caltech graduate students also on the team, as are Dale Frail from the National Radio Astronomy Observatory, and many other international collaborators. Separately, P. M. Garnavich of the University of Notre Dame and his collaborators have reached similar conclusions with data taken from the Magellan telescope in Chile.
PASADENA, Calif.—Scientists have unraveled a mystery about hydrogen peroxide that may lead to a more accurate way of measuring a gas that contributes to depletion of Earth's ozone layer.
Scientists have long known that the HOx radicals -- comprising hydroxyl (OH) and hydroperoxyl (HO2) – destroy stratospheric ozone. Too little ozone may lead to unwelcome changes in the climate and to more ultraviolet radiation reaching Earth's surface. The HOx radicals cannot be easily measured in the atmosphere, but a product of their reaction with each other, hydrogen peroxide, is detectable.
The issue is important because atmospheric scientists would like to make global maps of HOx distributions to better understand the health of the atmosphere, and knowing how much peroxide is in the atmosphere is helpful in doing so.
However, there has always been a large, nagging discrepancy between the distribution of hydrogen peroxide as it is modeled and as it is observed. This suggests that complete understanding of the chemistry has been lacking. Now scientists from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), the California Institute of Technology, and the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics have resolved much of the disparity.
In an upcoming issue of the journal Geophysical Research Letters, the scientists report a collaborative laboratory study performed at JPL and funded by NASA that revealed an error in the calculation of the rate that hydrogen peroxide is formed. They showed that improved knowledge of the reaction mechanism largely reconciles measurements of HOx radicals and hydrogen peroxide in the upper atmosphere. Moreover, these results could ultimately allow HOx concentrations to be inferred by monitoring hydrogen peroxide from space or the ground, assuming all the other photochemical reactions involving peroxide are well characterized.
"The importance is not so much the hydrogen peroxide itself, but the fact that it opens the possibility for remotely measuring hydrogen peroxide to infer the HOx radicals," says Mitchio Okumura, an associate professor of chemistry at Caltech and one of the authors of the study.
"The HOx radicals are central to the chemistry of the stratosphere and upper troposphere in understanding ozone depletion," he adds. Atmospheric chemists had puzzled over why models could not correctly predict hydrogen peroxide concentrations. However, they had not suspected that the rate for forming hydrogen peroxide from two hydroperoxyl radicals (HO2), the calculation of which was thought to be well known, could be in error.
Lance Christensen, a Caltech graduate student in chemistry working at JPL, and lead author of the paper, showed that at low temperatures relevant to the stratosphere, the actual reaction rate is slower than had been previously measured. The researchers found that earlier studies had neglected taking into account competing processes that could obscure the results, such as clustering and aggregation of the cold reactants.
"We're trying to improve our understanding of the atmosphere well enough to be able to model ozone depletion and climate change in general," says JPL researcher Stan Sander, one of the authors of the paper. "This work provides a tool for better understanding what's going on in the climate."
In addition to Okumura, Sander, Christensen, and Salawitch, the other authors are Geoffrey Toon, Bhaswar Sen, and Jean-Francois Blavier, all of JPL; and K.W. Jucks of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.
PASADENA, Calif.- Quick! Memorize this sentence: The temporoammonic (TA) pathway is a entorhinal cortex (EC) input that consists of axons from layer III EC neurons that make synaptic contacts on the distal dendrites of CA1 neurons.
If by chance you can't memorize this, say two researchers from the California Institute of Technology, it may be due to this very TA pathway that is modulating what your brain remembers.
In another clue toward understanding the processing of memories, graduate student Miguel Remondes and Erin M. Schuman, an associate professor of biology at Caltech and an assistant investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, have now gleaned two possible roles for the TA pathway that until now were not known. The research is reported in the April 18 issue of the journal Nature.
Using rat hippocampal slices, they've found that this pathway may be part of the brain's decision-making process about whether to keep a particular input and form a memory, or reject it.
Input from the senses—an odor, a sight, or a sound, say, is first received by the brain's cortex. Then, via a specific pathway of nerve fibers long known to scientists, the signals are sent on to the hippocampus. That organ processes the signals, then sends them back to the cortex, probably for long-term storage.
Scientists have also known about the TA pathway, but not its function. Now Remondes and Schuman report that the TA pathway may serve as a memory gatekeeper that can either enhance or diminish the signals of the specific set of neurons that form a memory. Further, they've shown that this pathway may also provide the hippocampus with the information it needs to form so-called place-selective cells; that is, cells that help animals to know where they are in their environments.
The hippocampal formation comprises several structures in the brain and includes the seahorse-shaped hippocampus and a second organ called the dentate gyrus. The formation is involved in saving and retrieving long-term memories. Scientists divide the hippocampus into four divisions, from CA1 to CA4. CA1 and CA3 play major roles in processing memory.
In their quest to understand how communication between neurons contributes to memory, scientists have focused on the "trisynaptic circuit." When input from the senses reaches the cortex, it's sent on to the dentate gyrus, then on to the hippocampus. There, the signals are serially processed by synapses in areas CA3 and CA1 of the hippocampus (synapses are gaps between two neurons that function as the site of information transfer from one neuron to another). Finally, the hippocampus sends a signal back to the cortex. That's the trisynaptic circuit.
Remondes and Schuman found that the TA pathway also sends signals. But its input comes from a different part of the cortex and goes directly to the CA1 section of the hippocampus. The TA pathway reacts depending on how close in time the synaptic signals from the hippocampus are from the original signal sent by the trisynaptic circuit. If it is close, within 40 milliseconds, the TA pathway will act as a signal (and thus a memory) enhancer; that is, it will allocate a stronger synaptic signal from the hippocampus. If it is far, more than 400 milliseconds, it will inhibit the signal.
"So the brain sends the information to the hippocampus," says Remondes, "and instead of just collecting the result of its activity, the hippocampus may very well perform 'quality control' on the potential memory. And it may be doing this by using the direct cortical input from the TA pathway." Perhaps, then, this is a further clue to how memories are stored—or forgotten.
In addition, although the scientists have not done any specific spatial memory experiments, their work may have relevance to how the brain forms place-selective cells. Since other studies previously established that the trisynaptic circuit is not necessary for spatial memory, some of the important information entering the hippocampus may actually be provided by the TA pathway.
"The TA pathway has been briefly described in the past, but not really acknowledged as a 'player' in the memory debate," says Remondes. "Hopefully, these findings will bring new insight into how we form, or don't form, memories."
In the March 21 issue of the journal Nature, California Institute of Technology researcher Mark Richardson and his colleague John Wilson of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration reveal that the higher average elevation of the Red Planet's southern hemisphere ultimately tends to drive water northward.
Their evidence is based on a computer model the two have worked on for years (Wilson since 1992, Richardson since 1996), coupled with data returned by NASA's Mars Global Surveyor.
"We've found a mechanism in the Martian climate that introduces annual average hemispheric asymmetry," explains Richardson, an assistant professor of planetary science at Caltech. "The circulation systems of Mars and Earth are similar in certain ways, but Mars is different in that water is not available everywhere."
The key to understanding the phenomenon is a complicated computer modeling of the Hadley circulation, which extends about 40 degrees of latitude each side of the Martian equator. A topographical bias in circulation pretty much means there will be a bias in the net pole-to-pole transport of water, Richardson explains.
A plausible explanation is that water ice is found at the north pole and carbon dioxide ice is found at the south for reasons having to do with the way the sun heats the atmosphere. As the Martian orbit changes on time scales of 50,000 years and more, these effects tend to cancel, with no pole claiming the water ice cap over geological time. It has been suggested that topography determines where carbon dioxide forms, and hence, where water ice can form, but the processes controlling carbon dioxide ice caps are poorly understood.
However, the mechanism Richardson and Wilson describe is independent of this occasional realignment of the pole's precession and the planet's eccentric orbit. The mechanism means that, while there is never a time in the past when water ice can be discounted at the south pole, one is more likely to find it more frequently at the north pole.
The importance of the study is its furthering of our understanding of the Martian climate and Martian water cycle. A better understanding of how water is transported will be particularly important to determining whether life once existed on Mars, and what happened to it if it ever did.
The Web address for the journal Nature is http://www.nature.com.
Reporting in the March 8 issue of the journal Cell, Caltech
biology professor James H. Strauss, lead author Richard J. Kuhn of
Purdue (a former postdoctoral scholar in Strauss's lab), and
Michael G. Rossman and Timothy S. Baker, both of Purdue, describe
the structure of the virus they obtained with a cryoelectron
microscope. The detailed electron-density map shows the inner RNA
core of the virus as well as the other spherical layers that cover
it. At the surface is the glycoprotein scaffolding thought to allow
the virus to interact with the receptor and invade a host cell.
This is the first time the structure of one of the flaviviruses
has been described, Strauss says. The flaviviruses are a class of
viruses that include the yellow fever, West Nile, tick-borne
encephalitis, and Japanese encephalitis viruses. All are enclosed
with a glycoprotein outer layer that includes minor projections out
of the lipid layer due to the geometry of the scaffolding.
"Most viruses that cause serious illness are enveloped,
including influenza, hantaviruses, West Nile virus, smallpox, and
herpes—though not polio," Strauss says.
The surprise for the researchers was the unusual manner in which
the glycoproteins are arranged. Details from the Caltech and Purdue
computer-generated images show a highly variegated structure of
glycoprotein molecules that are evenly dispersed, but with a
surprisingly complicated pattern.
"It's symmetrical, but not with the obvious symmetry of most
symmetric viruses," Strauss explains. "This was not an expected
Strauss says it's still unclear what the odd symmetry will
ultimately mean for future research aimed at controlling the
disease, because the precise function of the different structural
domains of the glycoproteins are still not known. Those that have
been false-colored blue in the image are the domain of
glycoproteins thought to be involved in receptor binding—and
thus responsible for the virus's entry into a cell. The
glycoprotein structures coded yellow are an elongated domain
thought to be responsible for holding the scaffolding together; and
the ones coded red have a function that is not yet known.
But a more detailed view of these structures is the beginning of
a more informed strategy for a focused medical or pharmaceutical
attack, Strauss says. "You can think of the protease inhibitors for
HIV. Those in large part came from knowing the structure of the HIV
enzymes you were trying to interfere with."
Thus, the new work could lead to drugs that will bind to the
virus to prevent it from entering the cell, or perhaps from
reassembling once it is already inside the cell.
Dengue fever is a mosquito-spread disease that has been known
for centuries, but was first isolated in the 1940s after it became
a significant health concern for American forces in the Pacific
theater. A worldwide problem, the disease is found throughout Latin
America, the Caribbeans, Southeast Asia, and India, and is
currently at epidemic levels in Hawaii.
Especially virulent is the closely related dengue hemorrhagic
fever, which is responsible for most of the deaths. The disease is
a leading cause of infant mortality in Thailand, where there is an
especially vigorous program to find an effective vaccine.
More information can be found on the Center for Disease Control
Web site at http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/dengue/index.htm.
Contact: Robert Tindol (626) 395-3631
Basing his instrument on a standard 300-millimeter telephoto lens for a 35-millimeter camera, Charbonneau will begin sweeping the skies this spring in hopes of catching a slew of "hot Jupiters" as their fast orbits take them in front of other stars. Admittedly, the charge-coupled device at the camera-end of the lens is a good bit more costly than the lens itself, but the total budget for the project—$100,000—is still a paltry sum when one considers that the next generation of earthbound telescopes will likely cost upwards of $400 million apiece.
Charbonneau, a recent import to the Caltech astronomy staff from the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, is one of the world's leading authorities on the search for "transiting planets," or planets that should be detectable as they pass into the line of sight between their host star and Earth. In November, Charbonneau and his colleagues made international news when they discovered the first planetary atmosphere outside our own solar system. But that work was done with the Hubble Space Telescope. The yet-to-be-formally-named telescope at Palomar Observatory will certainly be more modest in cost, but every bit as ambitious a program for searching out other worlds.
"Basically, the philosophy of this project is that, if we can buy the stuff we need off the shelf, we'll buy it," the Canadian native said recently in his new campus office.
At the fore-end of the new instrument is a standard 300-millimeter camera lens. Charbonneau settled on a telephoto lens because he reasoned that the optics have been honed to a fine degree of precision over the years. Too, he assumed that the lens would be robust enough for the duration of the three-year project.
The charge-coupled device (CCD), a standard imaging tool in astronomy for the last couple of decades, is a $22,000 item that accounts for the largest part of the instrument budget. The CCD will be mounted in a specially constructed camera housing to fit at the back of the lens, and the entire device will be fitted onto an inexpensive equatorial mount—also available at many stores carrying amateur astronomical equipment.
Meanwhile, the Palomar staff has stored away a 20-inch telescope so Charbonneau will have a small dome for his new instrument, and are also doing other preparations to mechanize the actual observing so that a telescope operator will not have to be on site at all times.
Palomar Observatory engineer Hal Petrie says the mountain crew is currently busy linking the new telescope with an existing weather-monitoring system at the nearby 48-inch dome, where another automated telescope is located. The system monitors the atmospheric conditions to determine whether the dome should be opened.
"The new telescope is a very good use of space," says Petrie. "The potential for results is very exciting."
Charbonneau will be able to photograph a single square of sky, about 5 degrees by 5 degrees. That's a field of view in which about 100 full moons could fit. Or, if one prefers, a field of view in which an entire constellation can be seen at one time.
With special software Charbonneau helped develop during his time at Harvard-Smithsonian and at the National Center for Atmospheric Research, he will compare many pictures of the same patch of sky to see if any of the thousands of stars in each field have slightly changed. If the software turns up a star that has dimmed slightly, the reason could well be that a planet passed in front of the star between exposures.
Repeated measurements will allow Charbonneau to measure the orbital period and physical size of each planet, and further work with the 10-meter telescopes at the Keck Observatory will allow him and his colleagues to get spectrographic data, and thus, the mass and composition of each planet.
"Once you get the mass and size, you have the density," he says. Weather permitting, Charbonneau will be able to get up to 300 images during an ideal night. Assuming that he can have 20 good nights per month, he should have about 6,000 images each month show up in his computer.
The ideal time will be in the fall and winter, when the Milky Way is in view, and an extremely high number of stars can be squeezed into each photograph. This, too, is an anomaly in astrophysical research, particularly to cosmologists, for whom the Milky Way is pretty much a blocked view of the deep sky.
"It's estimated that about one in three stars in our field of view will be like the sun, and that one percent of sunlike stars will have a hot Jupiter, or a gas giant that is so close to the star that its orbit is about four or five days," he says.
"One-tenth of this 1 percent will be inclined in the right direction so that the planet will pass in front of its star, so that maybe one in 3,000 stars will have a planet we can detect," Charbonneau adds. "Or if you want to be conservative, about one in 6,000."
Compared to other research programs in astronomy, the search for hot Jupiters is fairly simple and straightforward to explain to the public, Charbonneau says.
"An amateur could do this, except maybe for the debugging of the software, which requires several people working 10 hours a day.
"But it's easy to understand what's going on, and cheap to build the equipment. That's why everyone thinks it's an ideal project—if it works."
The new Palomar telescope is the final instrument in a network of three. Of the other two, one is located in the Canary Islands and operated by the National Center for Atmospheric Research; the other is near Flagstaff, Arizona, and is operated by Lowell Observatory.
The large span in longitude of the three-instrument network will allow Charbonneau and his colleagues to observe a patch of sky with one telescope while the patch is above the horizon in the night sky, and then pass it off to the next westward telescope as the sun comes up.
Contact: Robert Tindol (626) 395-3631


text:
GULFPORT, Miss. (AP) -- Isaac inundated low-lying areas along Mississippi's Gulf Coast on Wednesday as hurricane-driven water rose several feet in some spots while thousands waited out the storm in shelters.
Officials in Hancock and Harrison counties extended curfews until 9 a.m. to keep off roads until after the high tide passes at around 8 a.m.
Harrison County emergency management director Rupert Lacy said the storm surge coupled with the high tide could lead to more extensive flooding.
Lacy said coastal rivers also were beginning to rise from the rainfall.
More than 15,000 people remained without power in coastal areas.


text:
The laptop won't start after trying to install a virtual machine. It will show the windows logo and fails just before showing the logon screen? How do I fix this.
My computer gives me the options to
start normally which doesn't start the computer and
open startup repair which ends up in a blank screen. Upon clicking the
Start Normally windows logo appears but the startup fails before the login screen.
The problem is I don't have the installation disk( Windows).


text:
"Northern Ireland" Top 5 Page for this destination Northern Ireland by arty_girl
Northern Ireland Travel Guide: 2,104 reviews and 5,756 photos
Instead of focusing this page on the capital of Northern Ireland (Belfast) I've chosen to cover the key places in the north within the one travel guide.
It's a great place to explore and there are many hidden beauties along the way. I'm excited to see more and more tourists coming to my city over the past few years and I'd love to meet anyone who is thinking of paying a visit.
There are a handful of landmarks in the capital city and many more around the north which are a must-see if you're around this area. We've had a difficult time in the past with conflict and I'm happy to say that the conflict is much less prominant and the beautiful place that is N.Ireland has finally earned it's rightful status as a beautiful part of the UK to explore.
I'm gradually building upon my Belfast Travel Page. I'm hoping I can sway away from sounding like a guide book and speak to you in the way I'd speak to a tourist I might meet on the street. I'd love to hear any suggestions for topics/places to cover and I'll do my best to answer your questions. For me, writing this guide is a hobby and I hope I can make it as interesting as possible
I love photography and I'm a student at the Belfast Art College. I'm hoping all my pages will soon have my original photography and hopefully will begin to come to life a bit more.
- Pros:easy to manage,friendly
- Cons:often cold and rainy
- In a nutshell:a diverse & attractive location in the UK
Reviews (45)
This is a Megalithic tomb near a park called Shaw's Bridge in South Belfast. If you're in Belfast for a prolonged period... more travel advice
This place is only a few years old and it's one of the most interesting places to eat in Belfast. It's hidden away in a... more travel advice
The thing that strikes me most about Zen, other than the delicious food of course, is the interior design. Japanese... more travel advice
This is actually a long road in Belfast filled with mostly luxury shops. If you have cash to spare or simply want to... more travel advice
Off The Beaten Path (3)See All Ormeau Baths Gallery
Hotels (5)See All Guesthouse close to City Centre
Transportation (4)See All Parking
Local Customs (1)N.Irish phrases
Comments (9)
Great page Tierna! Some really good suggestions on places to visit in Belfast. The wheel looks like a fun idea.
Nice tips!
Really cool nightlife tips.
The pub crawl sounds good but the wheel is a bit of a non-starter now! fergy.
Nice page here !
interesting work on belfast , also not many go lucca italy ,its a walled town ,i liked it
Good information here. Shame I'm not visiting!!!
Hi Tierna! what's up? How is Belfast these days? I heard you had severe floods in Ireland. Hope your city wasn't badly hit. Greetings from Sicily.
Great page on your home town. I have several friends who have visited Belfast now (from Spain) so it seems it is really taking off as a holiday location! :)
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text:
PHP Shell: Muscle Play
Browser-based shell access
Firewalls often block shell access for remote users on a corporate network or at an Internet cafe. Luckily, tools like PHP Shell and Shell in a Box put the shell in a browser window.
Thanks to Secure Shell (SSH), managing a server externally is quite easy, and X forwarding means you can even use graphics programs for these management tasks on your computer at home. Unfortunately, in a corporate environment or an Internet cafe, you probably won't be allowed to install additional software, or the firewall settings will be so restrictive that nothing but HTTP/ HTTPS will get through. PHP Shell and Shell in a Box give you options for accessing your server.
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SUSE Joins the Microsoft Test Drive Program
Customers can take a free test drive of SLES for HPC on the Azure Cloud
SiFive Launches a Line of Open Source Chips
San Francisco-based chip company announces their first fully open source chip platform.
Fedora 24 Released
The whole distro gets rebuilt on glibc 2.3
Canonical Announces Cross-Distro Support for Snaps
Ubuntu Vendor tries to solve app packaging and distribution problem across distributions.
ownCloud Forked
Founder of ownCloud launches the Nextcloud project.
HP Enterprise Unveils a Futuristic Computer
Will The Machine change the way future programmers think about memory?
CoreOS Announces Distributed Storage System
The new Torus distributed storage system is available under an open source license on GitHub
Google Beats Oracle in the Android Lawsuit
Juries decides Google's use of Java APIs Was Fair Use
Linux is the Largest Software Development Project in History
But if you are not using the latest Linux kernel, your system is insecure.
Linksys Says Yes to Open Source Firmware
Home routers will give room for custom firmware but still comply with FCC rules