text:
Rudolph Schindler's house in the West Hollywood of 1920.
Designed for himself, his wife and another couple with whom they shared the timber and concrete tilt-slab built house, each of the couples had their own wing, their own studios, and their own courtyards in the cunningly designed pinwheel layout.
Nothing like it had been seen before in Southern California.
TAGS: Architecture


text:
The Rossoneri forward is hoping for success in the Scudetto, Coppa Italia and Champions League, and has also hinted at how his recovery from injury is progressing.
"I love playing in the Champions League," he told a Google + Hangout on the club's website.
"I hope to score this year because last season I did not succeed.
"A team like Milan must always aim to win everything.
"My recovery is going okay. It takes patience.
"Today I made a visit [to a specialist] and it seems things are progressing well."
Read the original article on FootballItalia
- Sports & Recreation
- Soccer
- Coppa Italia

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The Exumas from the air
Arriving at Sandals Emerald Bay
First glimpse of the main pool
The main pool has two jacuzzis
and a swim up pool bar
A 2nd quiet pool
has comfy pool beds
and another large jacuzzi
Off to the beach
A mile of powder white sand
Kayaks, hobiecats, snorkeling, paddleboards, scuba & tricycles included at no extra cost
Everything I need
Butler luxuries
and the beach just keeps on going
The picture perfect wedding gazebo
has a reflecting pool in the foreground
the turquoise sea as a background
Here comes the bride!
Bahama Bay Restaurant
Fine dining at Il Cielo
Barefoot by the Sea
Drunken Duck Pub
One of several outside dining areas
Wood fired pizza
Game Room
Pool, Darts, Poker, Ping Pong
In room bar
Looks like these guys are having a little too much fun!!
Fitness center (it's air conditioned!!)
with all the equipment
Island Routes offers excellent tours
Seaside villas
offer toes in the sand
2nd story view
My favorite room category
Ground floor view
Bedroom area in villa suites
Beachfront patio and hammocks
Marble baths
Walk in shower
and deep soaking tub
View from 2nd floor Bay House 3
View from 1st floor Bay House 1
Entry level room
Royal Estate 2 story villa with private pool
an amazing beach
Sandals Emerald Bay
one more reason to visit the Bahamas!


text:
In a large network if there is an Ethernet port in the wall, is it possible to tell if a switch or wireless adapter is plugged into it? (I'm talking about the cheap home routers - with the built in switch). In other words would packets appear different than those coming from a single computer?
A basic router is both a network switch and another local system with an IP address. Things vary depending on how the router was configured, and how the network was configured, and what level of surveillance is applied.
The "switch" part is nominally undetectable at the software level: a switch is a relay system, which does not have a MAC address, let alone an IP address, and it is passive: it produces no ethernet frame on its own. What the network admin might detect is that a device has been plugged: when a device is plugged, the LED on the network switch at the other end of the wire goes up, indicating an active link. If the router has been plugged into a normally "empty" plug, then this could be detected, at least if the network switches have extended reporting capabilities or the sysadmin is enough of a maniac to count the LEDs on his switches every morning. Correspondingly, the "attacker" (by which I mean "whoever plugged the router") may make himself less detectable by replacing an existing machine with his router: unplug a desktop system (or a printer), put the router in its place. Of course, this makes the unplugged system unavailable, which may show up on the sysadmin radar, depending on what that system usually does.
Then comes the "system with IP address". Now we must look at what a typical home router offers and how it behaves. The router has three kinds of "ports":
Most routers will maintain a bridge between the ethernet ports (other than the uplink port) and the WiFi, so that we may consider, for the purposes of this question, that the WiFi and the ethernet ports are equivalent.
If the attacker links the router's "uplink port" with the corporation network, then the router will automatically request an IP address with DHCP from the network infrastructure. Afterwards, it will do NAT on behalf on machines connected to its other ethernet ports or to the WiFi (the router will itself be a DHCP server on the ethernet/WiFi LAN). This can be detected by the sysadmin through the following ways:
The attacker may try to evade the first kind of detection by making his router assume the MAC address of the desktop system or printer which normally uses the plug (typically, his own desktop system). Though every piece of ethernet hardware has its own MAC address, this can be overridden in software. A stock home router will not necessarily offer this feature, but reflashing the router with a better firmware (e.g. OpenWRT) can unlock that kind of manipulation. However, this won't help the attacker against OS fingerprinting. It is very hard to emulate the network behaviour of a Windows system, down to that level, unless the OS is indeed running Windows -- and Windows won't fit in the router.
An alternative way for the attacker is to configure the router NOT to act as a DHCP server on its ethernet/WiFi LAN, and to plug one of its non-uplink ethernet port into the local network. In that case, the router is no longer used as a "router" but as a switch. With this setup, all the machines which connect over WiFi are "as if" they were directly plugged in the local network. This moves the problem of evading detection to these machines.
On the one hand, this allows the attacker to plug back his desktop system in one of the router ethernet ports, so his system will work as usual. At that point, the home router is undetectable. On the other hand, every host which connects to the WiFi becomes subject to the detection powers of the sysadmin, since there is no NAT. The local switches may block the unexpected MAC addresses. The local DHCP server may refuse to give IP addresses to these newcomers.
To sum up, the sysadmin will be able to detect the "router" by doing the following:
With this setup, the sysadmin stands a very good chance of detecting any shenanigans related to a home router plugged in the local network.
At some point, you would have to consider the social side of things. When a user plugs a home router, this is for a reason, which may be legitimate. It is possible that the user wants to give free Internet access to a friend living in the next building; but it is also possible that the user really needs that kind of extra access to do his work. This might be a situation where the presence of a company-sponsored WiFi router, possibly suitably isolated in its own DMZ, could be a good idea. Detecting forbidden actions from users is good; making it so that the said users do not even wish to perform forbidden actions, is better.
You can't detect if it's a wireless access point or not, what you can do is detect that a device was plugged in. With port security you can only allow your corporate devices to be plugged into the network whereas other detected apparatus will immediately cause the port to be shut down (white listing based on MAC address). Note that MAC spoofing is theoretically still possible.
The problem of plugging devices into free ethernet ports in the wall is also a sign of not having enough security awareness. Port security is one line of defense, the second line should be educating your users on corporate security and why they shouldn't be plugging in devices, even when it can be more convenient for them.
If you are lucky enough to own Fyodor's Nmap Network Scanning book, then you will have a chapter dedicated to this question: "8.8 SOLUTION: Detect Rogue Wireless Access Points on an Enterprise Network", p. 202.
While you cannot detect all access point with 100% certainty, you should be able to detect most of them by scanning and searching toward most common characteristics which distinguishes an access point from an expected workstation:
As stated above, all this is largely discussed within Fyodor's book and I do not have the intention to copy-paste his work here. If you are not lucky enough to already have this book, I can only strongly suggest to buy a copy since it is really a good investment over a good security book which goes well beyond a "nmap manpage-like" book.
In all case, you have now the general idea over which you can build your very own solution.
If you plug a switch into the wall there and plug multiple computers/devices into the switch you will be able to see multiple MAC addresses on that network port.
If you plug a NAT device (home router) into the port and plug everything into the NAT device, it will look like the NAT device is the only thing plugged in from the upstream switch's point of view (one MAC address is all it sees) but there are ways through packet analysis to determine that that device is in fact providing NAT services to other devices.
The primary method of NAT detection is through TTL. But also there is protocol analysis, watching for host names, OS fingerprinting.... So in short, yes, you can detect differences in the packets.


text:
With Business Space, users can work with business processes that require human interactions, which are modeled as human tasks. For each task, the client settings in the human task editor refer to a user interface. This user interface is displayed so that users can interact with each task. IBM Lotus® Forms and HTML-Dojo forms are supported, but for the scope of this article we will focus on the HTML-Dojo forms.
To understand how this user interface for the human task works, it helps to understand certain facets of human tasks. Human tasks expose an interface to a runtime environment that consists of an input and output message. In Business Space, a human task can be displayed in three modes. In the first mode, called init in this article, the user wants to start a process through a human task and does so by entering and then submitting initial data.
To work on a human task that someone has already started working on, the user works in the second mode, called the edit mode in this article. This human task might have been assigned to the user or the user might have claimed it. The business user must read the input message and then enter a correct output message.
The user works in the third mode, called the view mode in this article, when he or she wants to see the status of a human task or the result of another human task that is finished. In the view mode, the user does not enter information; he or she just reads the input message and the output message.
Now we will explain the different requirements for the visualizations in each mode of operation. In the init mode, the user enters only the required information in the input message. In this mode, the user cannot see or enter data in the output message. In the edit mode, the user can see both the input and output messages. However, in this mode, the user cannot change the information that the input message delivers. In the view mode, the user sees the information for each type of message but cannot alter it. The input fields are locked by default.
Figure 1 summarizes the different modes.
Figure 1. Summary of the init, edit, and view modes
Human tasks can have the same message type for both input and output. For example, a user might want to review the input data and copy the reviewed and possibly changed data into the output form of the review processes. In this case, the message is handled in a way that makes it easier for the user to work with the HTML-Dojo form. The time and effort of copying all of the input data to the output form is saved by prepopulation. The view mode remains unchanged; the business user just enters the information as he did to initiate a task. The difference is in the edit mode. The user thinks that he is working in the same form that the initiator of the task used because the user interface looks the same and already contains the data that the user would update. To achieve this user interface, no separated input and output message is displayed. Instead, the input form is hidden and its data is used to prepopulate the output form. Figure 2 summarizes how the user interface is displayed if the human task has the same input and output message.
Figure 2. Summarizes how the user interface is displayed if the human task has the same input and output message
To work with Business Space, you need to install:
- WebSphere Integration Developer V6.1.2
- WebSphere Process Server V6.1.2
Understanding the generated HTML
As we described before, each human task consists of an input and an output message, which the HTML form must also reflect. Therefore, the generated HTML pages contain a section for the input message and another section for the output message. These message sections are compiled from Dojo widgets that are used to display the input elements that the user interacts with. Both sections are wrapped in a <form> element. Furthermore, the HTML pages that are generated in WebSphere Integration Developer contain a wrapping
 element around the form and a cascading style sheet (CSS) definition. Figure 3 depicts the generated HTML-Dojo form:
Figure 3. Generated HTML-Dojo form
Because all generated pages use the same CSS classes, a change in one file affects all HTML pages in Business Space unless you use an extra
 element with a custom CSS class. With this extra
 element, you can specify the CSS selectors that address only the elements in this scope.
Business Space assigns different CSS styles to the <form> element, depending on the mode (init, edit, or view) that the form displays in; therefore, the <form> element must not be removed. The class names are the mode names init, edit and view. With the <form> element, how the message display is controlled. Listing 1 shows three CSS definitions:
Listing 1. Three CSS definitions
.http_//myNameSpace .init div.businessObject { visibility :collapse; display: none; } .http_//myNameSpace .edit div.businessObject { } .http_//myNameSpace .view div.businessObject { color: gray; }
The first line of each definition consists of three selectors that narrow the number of affected elements down.
The first selector, .http_//myNameSpace, is the class of the surrounding
 element, which narrows the selection down to the elements that are included in this
 element and, therefore, excludes all elements in Business Space that are not part of this HTML form.
The second selector, .init, .edit or .view, specifies the mode of operation for which this CSS definition is valid.
The third selector, div.businessObject, is an example class of one
 element that is included in the form, one that has the class businessObject. This selector could be any other element in the form that you want to define a CSS for.
These selectors define the style differently in Business Space.
The
 element with the class businessObject will not be visible if the <form> node has the class init. If the <form> is displayed in the edit mode, the form has the class edit and the element, therefore, is displayed. In view mode, the <form> has the class view and the
 element is visible, although the text will be gray.
The next important concept to understand is how the messages are constructed out of the message fields. The following text is a sample of what a generated Dojo widget definition looks like:
Listing 2. Text is a sample of how a generated Dojo widget definition looks
<input type="text" name="output1/foo/bar" value="" dojoType="dijit.form.ValidationTextBox" regExp=".*" id=" http_//myNameSpace " sdoMessageType="output" sdoPrepopulation="/input1/foo/bar" required="true" class="fieldInput"/>
In addition to the typical HTML-Dojo attributes, this widget definition contains custom attributes that each have a semantic in Business Space. Table 1 contains a summary of the attributes and their usage.
Table 1. Summary of the attributes and their usage
|The name attribute binds the <input> element to an element of the input message. The binding will be specified in as an XPath-like statement that refers to a specific part of the message that this input field represents. Note: If you change these statements, runtime failures will occur when a message is created out of the form.
|The sdoMessageType attribute specifies whether the widget belongs to the input or output message. It is required for enabling or disabling form elements depending on the current mode. It can have the values input and output.
|The required attribute specifies whether the widget contains mandatory fields. If the required attribute is set to true, the user cannot submit the form until he has entered valid data.
|The sdoPrepopulation attribute specifies that the value of the widget will be prepopulated with a value of the input message, saving the user the effort of copying every value from the input to the output form. The message contents are automatically generated into the HTML forms if the interface of the human task has identical message types for both the input and output. You can use the sdoPrepopulation attribute only for widgets that belong to the output message, and then only for when the user is in edit mode. The binding is specified as an XPath-like statement.
|This new attribute in WebSphere Integration Developer 6.2 specifies a sequence number for all input fields. This switches the ordering of the fields while still maintaining the correct order upon later form processing. Therefore, you cannot change this number.
Understanding the loading process
When a user works with a human task, Business Space loads the HTML-Dojo form that is specified in the client settings of the human task. When the page is loaded, the raw HTML code is preprocessed, which includes, among other actions, setting the class attribute of the <form> node. Depending on which mode the page is displayed in, the value is set to init, edit, or view. Then the prepared HTML code is added to the DOM tree, which triggers the Dojo parser to render the new fragment of the page. Hereafter, Business Space loads the input and output message if the page is opened in edit or view mode. If the messages are not empty, the content is added to the Dojo widgets on the page. Notice that the Dojo widgets of the input and output are enabled or disabled depending on the mode that the HTML page is displayed in.
However, if a business user has just claimed a task, he could not have entered any data for the output message. In this case, Business Space receives an empty message and copies values form the input message to the Dojo widgets, placing a matching value in the sdoPrepopulation attribute.
Now we will introduce a sample scenario that we will use later to illustrate typical customizations of the HTML form.
Sample scenario
Imagine that you want to modify the user interface of a human task that is used to approve incoming money transfers. Figure 4 shows the approveTransfer operation in this human task.
Figure 4. The approveTransfer operation of a human task
Figure 5 shows three business objects: ApprovalRequest, BankTransferInformation, and Remark. BankTransferInformation, which is a child business object of the ApprovalRequest business object, contains fields that describe the details of the transfer (such as who it is from and who is the beneficiary) as well as metadata (such as when it was received and what the phone number and e-mail address are). Either the PhoneNumber field or the EmailAddress field stores contact details, depending on how the request is received. An additional array with child business objects of type Remark stores comments from the employees who handle the transfer.
Figure 5. ApprovalRequest, BankTransferInformation, and Remark business objects
Common uses
Most customizations do not require special knowledge about Business Space, only experience in Web development, so we will focus on some issues that might arise because of how Business Space handles HTML pages.
Most of the customizations that work in a typical HTML page will work in Business Space as long as these changes are restricted to the content between the body tags or the CSS definitions. All of the other changes outside of these tags are ignored.
The most typical customization is to rename the input element labels because the names are originally derived from the business objects, which are not the names that you want to expose to the business user. You can rename the input element labels by editing the HTML file with a text or HTML editor and changing the value between the label tags.
In addition, you can include images using the img tag, referring to files using both absolute and relative URLs. Using relative URL makes developing the HTML pages easier because you can test them in WebSphere Integration Developer.
Furthermore, you can externalize the style sheets, which is useful when all human task forms should have a common appearance. Instead of changing the CSS in each file, you can remove the existing CSS from the pages, replacing the CSS with the following import statement that refers to a common style sheet, style.css:

The following examples show you how to handle customizations that you would handle differently in typical HTML forms.
Example 1: Removing or hiding fields
Imagine that you want to remove the EmailAddress field from the generated HTML form because the bank wants this field kept empty for transfers that are received over the phone. In a typical HTML form, you would remove the EmailAddress field from the generated HTML, either by deleting it directly from the source code or by using a visual tool, such as the Page Designer included with WebSphere Integration Developer. The corresponding field in the business object is automatically set to null.
However, you should not remove an input field when the field is required or should be set to a default value because the field is required. Instead, you must hide the particular field type and set its value attribute. Because attributes other than type, name, and value are used only when the field is displayed, the necessary HTML tag is short:
<input type="hidden" name="/transferInformation/EmailAddress" value="no address provided" />
In this case, the EmailAddress field is not displayed, although the value âno address providedâ is submitted.
Example 2: Prepopulation
Imagine that you want to manually retrofit prepopulated fields into a generated HTML form. By default, prepopulation is enabled when an interface contains the same business object type for the input and output. In other cases, such as when the input is a child business object of the output, prepopulation is not triggered. Therefore, you must add prepopulation manually.
The ApproveTransfer interface is one of these cases. The BankTransferInformation input business object is a child business object of the ApprovalRequest output business object (see Figure 5). Therefore, you can prepopulate all of the fields of this child business object with the values from the input business object, by following the steps described in the paragraph below.
As mentioned before, the sdoPrepopulation attribute of the <input> tag determines which part of the input message should be used to initialize the value of the field. In this example, you want to populate the Amount field of the BankTransferInformation child business object with its corresponding value of the input message. To accomplish this, find the <input> tag for the field that you want by searching for the XPath expression /output/Transfer/Amount. Then, change the sdoPrepopulation attribute to the XPath that points to the correct part of the input message. In this case, the value is /input/Amount. The updated piece of HTML would look like this:
Listing 3. Updated HTML
<input type="text" name="/output/Transfer/Amount" value="" dojoType="dijit.form.ValidationTextBox" regExp="\d*([.|,]\d*)?" sdoMessageType="output" required="true" class="fieldInput" sdoPrepopulation="/input/Amount"/>
If you are not sure about the correct XPath, you can look it up in the input part of the generated HTML file. It contains <input> elements for each field of the input business object that has the correct XPath statements as the value of their name attributes.
Example 3: Changing the input field order
The order of the input fields on the generated page depends on the order in which the corresponding fields are defined in the business object definition. Because these fields are typically ordered arbitrarily, without usability considerations, you might want to re-order the input fields to better suit the userâs needs.
As mentioned above, you can completely customize the appearance of HTML-Dojo form by editing the HTML and CSS; however, editing the generated HTML source code will make the resulting file incompatible with Business Space. Because business object generation using the data in the form relies on the sequence of the fields, the order of the input elements in the HTML must not change. Therefore, rearrange the input fields using a custom CSS class with relative positioning.
In the following example, two new CSS classes, fromAccount and amount, have been inserted to define a position offset of 40 pixels, which is the approximate distance of two consecutive rows. Elements of the fromAccount class will move downwards by 40 pixels and elements of the amount class will move upwards; therefore, switching the vertical position of these classes. To switch an input field with its label, assign the CSS classes to both the field and the label as illustrated in Listing 4:
Listing 4. HTML code shows the assignment of the CSS classes to both the field and the label
 ...
 <form dojoType="dijit.form.Form" class="view">

input

  FromAccount *
 <input type="text" name="/input/FromAccount" value="" dojoType="dijit.form.NumberTextBox" id="http___â¦WidgetID" constraints="{min:-2147483648,max:2147483647,places:0}" sdoMessageType="input" sdoPrepopulation="" required= "true" class="fieldInput"/>

  Amount *
 <input type="text" name="/input/Amount" value="" dojoType="dijit.form.ValidationTextBox" id="http___â¦WidgetID" regExp="\d*([.|,]\d*)?" sdoMessageType="input" sdoPrepopulation="" required="true" class="fieldInput"/>

 ...
Example 4: Working with array containers
As mentioned earlier, the BankTransferInformation business object can have multiple Remarks business objects as children. Business Space supports this scenario by using a Dojo widget, the bpc.widgets.FormArrayContainer, which contains the input elements for the child business object and enables you to add the input elements multiple times. Inspecting the generated source code, you can see the following lines in Listing 5:
Listing 5. Generated source code

  Remarks <button dojoType="dijit.form.Button" style="color: green" class="addButton button_input" title="+"> + </button> <button dojoType="dijit.form.Button" style="color: red" class="removeButton button_input" title="-"> - </button>
 ... <input type="text" name="/input1/Remarks[]/Name" value="" dojoType="dijit.form.ValidationTextBox" regExp=".*" sdoMessageType="input" sdoPrepopulation="" required="false" class="fieldInput"/> ...

The important element to customize is the
 element with the arrayTemplate class. When you click the plus sign (+), the inner HTML code is copied into a new
 element, which is added as a new child business object to the FormArrayContainer so that you can customize the HTML as long as you meet the restrictions that we described in the previous examples.
Example 5: Changing the input field widgets
WebSphere Integration Developer selects the best-fitting Dojo widget for each field of the business object, depending on data type. In some cases, these automatically selected widgets do not fit your requirements. Luckily, you can easily change the widgets as long as they are the standard Dojo widgets at the Dojo Web site. The only exception is the TextArea, which cannot be disabled because of limitations in the version 1.02 release of Dojo. Due to technical restriction, itâs not possible to add custom widgets to the page. Adding those widgets prevents the entire form from being shown.
Testing the HTML form faster using WebSphere Integration Developer
Testing the customized HTML file for the first time involves completing the steps that you would follow to deploy the Web project that contains the file to the server. After deployment, the form is displayed when the associated human task opens, for example when the user starts a new task. When the human task opens, the HTML page is loaded and is displayed in the Task Information widget.
If the form requires further customizations, you can enable âValidate, update deploy code, and update running serversâ in the Build view to avoid redeploying the Web project, which is time consuming, and instead redeploy only changed files. In this case, the HTML page is redeployed each time that it is saved.
Figure 6. Shows how to enable âValidate, update, deploy code, and update running servers in the build view
Important: Turn off caching in the WebSphere Integration Developer embedded browser; otherwise, a previous version of the HTML page is displayed in Business Space instead of the updated HTML page. To turn off caching on systems that run Internet Explorer on Microsoft® Windows®, complete the following steps:
- Start Internet Explorer.
- In the main menu, select Tools => Internet Options.
- Select the General tab.
- In the Browsing history section, click Settings and then select âEvery time I visit the webpageâ.
- Click OK on all of the windows.
You now know how the HTML-Dojo forms are used in Business Space and which rules you must follow to successfully customize human task forms to satisfy the needs of your users and business.
- Customize the appearance of a WebSphere Business Monitor business space (developerWorks 2008): This article shows you how to customize the appearance of your business space using custom graphics, color schemes, labels, and other visual artifacts.
- Managing tasks and business processes using WebSphere Business Space (developerWorks 2008): Learn how to create WebSphere BPM V6.1.2 Business Space dashboards using the run-time artifacts from the WebSphere BPM V6.1.1
- Meet the experts: What's new in the WebSphere BPM V6.1.2 product suite (developerWorks 2008): On August 21st, WebSphere experts Eric Herness, Christina Lau, and Michael Gilfix discussed and answered questions about the WebSphere Business Process Management (BPM) V6.1.2 product suite. The suite provides foundational offerings in the IBM BPM Suite that makes it easier for you to get started with BPM. The chat covered using business space and REST to enable the portfolio, using the asset repository for BPM, the integration of WebSphere Business Modeler and WebSphere Business Services Fabric, and extending the reach of Business Activity Monitoring (BAM) to mobile devices.
- IBM WebSphere Business Process Management Version 6.1 Information Center: Get complete product documentation for WebSphere BPM V6.1.
- WebSphere business process management zone: Get the latest technical resources for WebSphere BPM solutions, including articles, tutorials, events, downloads, and more.
- WebSphere application connectivity zone: Provides the latest technical resources for your application integration and connectivity business needs.
- Business Process Management enabled by SOA: Get complete product information on IBM BPM software, including features and benefits, downloads, and more.
- Browse the technology bookstore for books on these and other technical topics.
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- Download IBM product evaluation versions and get your hands on application development tools and middleware products from DB2®, Lotus®, Rational®, Tivoli®, and WebSphere.
- Participate in the discussion forum.
- Check out developerWorks blogs and get involved in the developerWorks community.
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- Details & Specs
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Welcome to WSU Employee Wellness
...enhancing the health and well-being of employees, spouses, and retirees through comprehensive health assessment, education, and intervention strategies...
June Events
Monthly Challenge
Wildcat Kitchen Cooking Challenge
- Enroll by June 10th
- Download the Wildcat Kithen Cookbook
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- Know Your H2O tracking sheets due June 5th!
Semester Challenge
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- Open enrollment starts May 9th
- Complete as many activities as you can throughout the summer
- Earn prizes for every 10 points you earn!
Davis Campus Traveling Assessment
- Next assessment in July
- Check back soon for more information


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Weighted Gymnastic Movements
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Donald Lee
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Join Date: Mar 2008
Posts: 620
I postd a bunch of calculations but the post got deleted. If you're basing your weights off your 1RM, you'll end up overshooting the weights by using the 100% BW calculation. If you're basing back-off sets off your top set of the day (for example, 95% of your top set), you'll end up undershooting the weights by using the 100% BW calculation.
The difference between using 100% BW and 85% BW is small though, about 2-4 lbs. With 5/3/1, it probably won't matter, since you're undershooting your 1RM anyways. If you're working with higher intensity and lower reps, the difference could mean a missed rep or an extra rep, grinding when you didn't mean to grind or a set being easier than it's meant to be. I don't think you need to be this accurate with the lower body, but I find that being more accurate with the upper body tends to help.
Some food for thought...
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Banana Cake
Total Time
Prep 20 mins
Cook 50 mins
Moist cake with nice banana flavor. Needs no icing.
Ingredients Nutrition
- 3 cups flour
- 1 teaspoon baking powder
- 1 teaspoon baking soda
- 3⁄4 teaspoon salt
- 3⁄4 cup shortening
- 2 1⁄4 cups sugar
- 3 eggs
- 6 tablespoons buttermilk
- 1 1⁄2 cups mashed bananas
- Preheat oven to 350 degrees.
- Sift dry ingredients together, set aside.
- Cream shortening and sugar.
- Add eggs and buttermilk to sugar mixture.
- Combine dry ingredients into wet.
- When incorporated, stir in mashed banana.
- Pour batter into a greased, floured tube pan (angel food cake pan).
- Bake 45-50 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted in center of cake comes out clean.
- Cool slightly, run knife around edges of pan to loosen cake, remove cake from pan.
- Finish cooling cake on a wire rack.
- Slice into wedges.
Most Helpful
This is a wonderful Banana Bread. I don't often make banana bread in a tube pan but will from here on in. This recipe is moist, nice height and has great flavor. I did put a glaze over the cake. Repeats on this one. Thanks Sheynath for sharing. Recipe swap #27 Aus/NZ
We love Banana Cake, and this one is great! Packs well for my daughter's lunch and doubles as dessert in the evening. Excellent recipe! Made for Aussie Swap :)
Good and easy is right! I did this exactly according to directions and it came out wonderful, although it baked about ten minutes longer than specified, in a Springform tube pan. DH and DD15 ate a third of the cake while it was still warm. Made for OZ/NZ swap April 2008.


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Fixed-Price - Expert ($$$) - Est. Budget: $25 - PostedSkills: Iptables LAMP Administration SSH Ubuntu
Need to do fresh installation of Fail2Ban. Problem 3: Install UFW for controlling Iptables. Problem 4: Additional Security Layers Implementation Further Security Layers Intrusion Detection - PSAD Implementation Implement Intrusion Prevention System Services (IPS) Prevent IP Spoofing Check for Rootkits-RKHunter and CHKRootKit Problem 5: Sub-domains creations Problem 6: Apache2 Securities and Performance Fine tuning Problem 7: PHP.INI optimizations Note : Please note that, all these have to be installed on my production server.


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After removing the
ol and
li tags in the settings and adding only a comma (,) in the after each entry setting, I get a list of all related posts as a continous sentence-style list separated with commas. But as expected, there is a trailing comma.
How do I remove this trailing comma?
(See an example of this here on this page http://test.potenz.co.in/photos/map-test under the heading Related Posts)


text: I'm struggeling with styling the adminbar. For me its seems like the bar has 2 different css. One for the front-end and another one for the back-end. I edited in wp-includes/css/admin-bar.css and my styles works perfect on the front-end but when I go to my dashboard the adminbar use wordpress standard style. How can it make change it so it works with the same style? There must be a refferenc or sth


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In This Section
Journal Forum
A Meta-Analysis of High Resolution Audio Perceptual Evaluation - June 2016
2 comments
Synthetic Reverberator - January 1960
3 comments
Sound Board: High-Resolution Audio - October 2015
4 comments
AES E-Library
Translating LEDE- Control Room Design into Practical Experience
Experience with the planning and construction of a fully qualified LEDE control room wherein the finished acoustic environment met all seven LEDE criteria as verified by Time Energy Frequency (TEF-) measurements (as developed by Richard C. Heyser).
Click to purchase paper as a non-member or login as an AES member. If your company or school subscribes to the E-Library then switch to the institutional version. If you are not an AES member and would like to subscribe to the E-Library then Join the AES!
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Start a discussion about this paper!


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Petit Point Protectors
These plastic protectors will prevent stitches from slipping off needles up to size #10 1/2. Light and easy to use. 4/pkg.
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Latest Updates
Press Release
November 9, 2015
This afternoon's United Nations Security Council meeting on Burundi's ongoing political and human rights crisis must include a clear and robust call on Burundian authorities to end the crisis, addr...
September 2, 2015
Use of Force – Guidelines for Implementation of the UN Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by law enforcement officials
From the streets of Ferguson, Missouri to the favelas of Brazil, the police use of force and firearms makes global headlines when it turns fatal.
August 24, 2015
"Just Tell Me What to Confess To" Torture and Ill-Treatment by Burundi's Police and Intelligence Service Since April 2015
Beatings with iron bars and acid burns are among an array of torture techniques used by Burundian security forces to extract "confessions" and silence dissent.
March 6, 2015
Journalist Bob Rugurika was released on bail on 19 February 2015 after being detained for a month. The Bujumbura Court of Appeal ordered his provisional release on 18 February 2015 with his bail se...


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|Reviews for Falling For the First Time
| Alamandorious chapter 8 . 9/5/2015
I really, really hope you'll consider continuing this.
It's a fun read, and it's interesting seeing a character aside from Ranma get crossed over into something else. I'm curious to see where this is going, and again I hope you will continue it. Last chapter was also a bit on the short side, but it was still amusing.
| Guest chapter 4 . 8/27/2015
Maybe you need to stop writing you are killing good stories we want to see updated by piling on 100 new ones.
| Guest I Guess chapter 8 . 2/1/2015
I don't usually do this for fanfics that haven't been updated in five years, but I'm marking this story to be followed. There aren't that many good Love Hina fics, and even fewer that are complete, but I hope you finish this one day. There need to be more people making both Love Hina fics and Ranma 1/2 fics featuring Shampoo and I was really glad to find a fic with both a Xian Pu pairing and the makings of an interesting Love Hina fic. The situation for their meeting is highly believable considering how often Keitaro is blasted out of the dorm. The pairing is unique and it will be interesting to see how it plays out. Along with Keitaro now knowing their feelings, and Su's comment on multiple marriage partners, it will be interesting to see how Keitaro's love life plays out. Please pick this fic back up and finish it. Will Keitaro end up married to more than one woman? Is Xian Pu pregnant after their first time? How will the other girls react to Keitaro's new wife? How will the amazonian girls react to Keitaro's abusers? I really hope to see these questions answered and this fic completed. Thanks for the good read.
| flood graves chapter 8 . 6/17/2014
nice app. of the rules of anime #145 all old people know each other !
| delax chapter 4 . 1/3/2014
Mmm Motoko... Lovely combo of confident skill and disgustingly adorable naïvety.
| delax chapter 2 . 1/3/2014
This is quite fun so far and it is a relief to find one with a clear grasp of English (just had a couple with constant misspellings and a hatred for the word "said". bleh, unreadable.)
It is nice to see a Ranma character, all love is unrequited and a joke in the original (also most are towards Ranma, and he's kinda a jerk).
Love Hina is similar harem-thingy, but at least romance gets screen time.
| FrostyMan122 chapter 1 . 11/5/2013
oh that was hilarious! and the best part? I can totally see something like this happening to keitaro! the poor bastard...or is it lucky bastard? lol. Xp
| Leah chapter 8 . 5/10/2013
Are u going to update this story? I want to know what happen next? What shampoo thought on his tenet? How his tenent feel about keitero being marry? Is his grandma going to make appearance and her take on her grandson marriage along with his family, too?
| BukkakeNoJutsu chapter 8 . 2/14/2013
I so want to read more of this. Wuhahahaha
| omnimon12 chapter 8 . 10/31/2012
I really wanna see the next chapter for this...Will the tenants fight for their manager?
| Blinded in a bolthole chapter 8 . 8/7/2012
or ever, actually.
| Blinded in a bolthole chapter 2 . 8/7/2012
The tricky old ghoul is damn good. Though she is not as good as Anything Goes Ranma.
| Blinded in a bolthole chapter 1 . 8/7/2012
The promised-girl should not have punched the immortal keitaro this hard, I mean the infamous violent tomboy is not THAT vicious...
A pity Shampoo did not have much of a personality development (very much like the whole Ranma bunch), she could have been my favorite character in the series, as well as the prettiest.
| calamine chapter 8 . 4/30/2012
please, please update this story it was well written and i really want to read about shampoo's reaction to motoko and naru
| pensuka chapter 8 . 4/9/2012
man i wonder what will happen next here please update it since haruka's reaction of what keitaro did to shampoo was funny i wonder how the others react i best be sure to have some popcorn in stock


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Do you feel like you�ve accomplished nothing unless you�ve accomplished everything on your to do list?� Thats a hard way to live, and for most of us, having that kind of expectation, leads to disappointment in ourselves.� Not good.
I�ve heard stories like that about healthy eating.� �Heck, I messed up this week - what�s the point? I might as well forget about ever eating healthy.�� Is that you?� If so,be kinder to yourself.� If your best friend said that, what would you say to him/her?� My guess is you would encourage them.
Here�s a plan for you.� Look at where you�re at right now in terms of percentages.� Are you eating 60% well and 40% not so good?� Or maybe you�re not even there yet, and you�re eating 40% well and 60% not so good.� Wherever you are, make a conscious effort to raise the healthy eating side of the equation a little bit at a time.� For instance, if you are eating a muffin or bagel for breakfast, switch 3 days a week to an organic egg with a like of Ezekial sprouted wheat bread, or an egg with a side of spring greens. it�s the little steps that lead to overall improvements.� Before you know it, that equation will shift to more on the positive side and less on the negative, Your health and your energy will feel it. And so will your sense of personal pride.
Forget perfectionism. No one is perfect. We�re not meant to be. We�re simply human. Perfectionist����������� Nutrition������ Diet��������� Health


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You are here
Almost Strawberry Cheesecake
|1⁄3 Ounce, sweetened with aspartame (Lemon Flavored Gelatin)
|Boiling water
|1 Cup (16 tbs)
|Cold water
|3⁄4 Cup (12 tbs)
|5 Tablespoon (Aspartame)
|Low fat cottage cheese
|1 Cup (16 tbs) (1% Low Fat Cottage Cheese)
|Whipped topping mix
|2 1⁄8 Ounce, sweetened with aspartame
|Graham cracker crust
|Strawberry topping
|1 Tablespoon
|Strawberry halves
|4 (For Garnishing)
Dissolve gelatin in boiling water, add cold water and sweetener, stirring well.
Chill mixture until consistency of unbeaten egg white.
Place cottage cheese in container of an electric blender, process until smooth.
Fold into gelatin mixture.
Prepare whipped topping mix according to package directions, fold into gelatin mixture.
Spoon mixture into graham cracker crust, chill until slightly set.
Spoon strawberry topping on cheesecake, and chill until firm.
Garnish with strawberry halves.
Rate It
Nutrition Rank
Nutrition Facts
Serving size
Calories 945 Calories from Fat 388
% Daily Value*
Total Fat 45 g69.2%
Saturated Fat 10.5 g52.4%
Trans Fat 0 g
Cholesterol 3.8 mg1.3%
Sodium 839.8 mg35%
Total Carbohydrates 121 g40.2%
Dietary Fiber 3.4 g13.6%
Sugars 40.1 g
Protein 15 g29.2%
Vitamin A 0.6% Vitamin C 8.4%
Calcium 8.8% Iron 25.2%
*Based on a 2000 Calorie diet


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Florida Georgia Line Address Alleged Police Incident"We want you to know that we have nothing but love and respect for the police. We are bummed anyone ever got a different impression."
Tyler Hubbard From Florida Georgia Line Is Done With Social MediaTyler Hubbard is done with social media...for now!
Florida Georgia Line's Tyler Hubbard Quits Social Media"Honestly it's a little ridiculous and I'm ready to get back to focusing all my attention on the things that really matter."
Florida Georgia Line Release 'May We All' Featuring Tim McGrawThe track is the new single from the band's third studio album 'Dig Your Roots,' which is set to be released on August 26th.
Listen: Florida Georgia Line Posted About A New SongAccording to FGL love is the answer and music is the healing
Florida Georgia Line Is Collaborating With The Backstreet BoysCould the greatest duet EVER happen?
Backstreet's Back! Here are the Boys' New (Country) CollaboratorsAccording to Nick Carter, BSB will record a new track with the men of Florida Georgia Line.
Florida Georgia Line Detail New Album 'Dig Your Roots'"Tyler and I are continuing to grow musically and personally," Kelley said.
Watch: Florida Georgia Line Performs A New Song "Smooth"FGL is so smooth!
Florida Georgia Line Cover Backstreet Boys"I love the Backstreet Boys. Sometimes I think that we are the Backstreet Boys."
Florida Georgia Line's Tyler Hubbard Shows Off His Black EyeThe shiner was a result of "dirt nap" after a weekend of motocross.
Watch: Tyler Hubbard Got A Black EyeTyler Hubbard got a black eye from motocross


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Argentinian studios Marcelo Del Torto and Torrado Arquitectos have arranged a family home around a group of mature trees in a gated community in Buenos Aires Province (+ slideshow). More »
Tag: Buenos Aires
Luciano Kruk and María Victoria Besonías nestle exposed concrete holiday home in forest glade
Slabs of board-marked concrete form the walls, floors and roof of this holiday home designed by architects by Luciano Kruk and María Victoria Besonías for a coastal forest near Buenos Aires (+ slideshow). More »
Adamo-Faiden's rooftop extension proposes a "new idea of luxury" for Buenos Aires housing
Argentinian studio Adamo-Faiden has built a greenhouse-like structure over the top of a Buenos Aires residence, in its continuing bid to make better use of the city's vacant rooftops. More »
Adamo-Faiden adds giant conservatory to updated Buenos Aires townhouse
Buenos Aires studio Adamo-Faiden has refurbished a local 1970s townhouse and constructed a huge glazed enclosure at the back. More »
It Met uses modular panels to create flexible workspace for Buenos Aires ad agency
Argentinian studio It Met used corrugated plastic and sheets of wood to partition the workspaces of this advertising agency in Buenos Aires. More »
Luciano Kruk and María Victoria Besonías squeeze two concrete homes onto a narrow city plot
A robust concrete facade provides protection from traffic noise for these two houses squeezed onto a narrow plot in the Colegiales neighbourhood of Buenos Aires (+ slideshow). More »
Studio Job's Futopia Faena exhibition includes stained glass windows and a roller disco
Belgian duo Studio Job has patterned giant windows at the Faena Art Center in Buenos Aires with coloured symbols and replicated the motifs on the floor of a roller disco inside (+ slideshow). More »
Foliage-clad pavilion by Adamo-Faiden creates a home on a disused roof
Architecture studio Adamo-Faiden has transformed the vacant roof of a 15-storey block in Buenos Aires into a home for a young couple, by installing a glazed pavilion-like structure surrounded by plants (+ slideshow). More »
Foster + Partners pairs curving concrete
with glass for new Buenos Aires city hall
Foster + Partners has completed a new city hall for the Argentinian capital, featuring a wavy concrete roof, a quadruple-height atrium and a glazed facade offering views out to the park (+ slideshow). More »
Estudio Ramos completes concrete sailing
clubhouse on Argentina's Paraná River
Fiii Fun House cafe by Íris Cantante
features wooden swing seats
Concrete retreat by Luciano Kruk sits
on a sand-dune in Buenos Aires
A concrete volume projects from the top of a sand dune to form the upper level of this holiday home on the Argentinian coastline by local architect Luciano Kruk (+ slideshow). More »
Stepping stones traverse a pool at the centre
of this home by BAK Arquitectos
Timber screens bring fresh air into Pedro House
without compromising privacy
Perforated shutters fold back to reveal apartments
at Sucre 4444 by Esteban-Tannenbaum
Hitzig Militello Arquitectos combines two homes
in one building in Buenos Aires
Venturini House
by Adamo-Faiden
Argentinean studio Adamo-Faiden has overhauled an ageing townhouse in Buenos Aires with the addition of a rooftop courtyard and an underground yoga room. More »
Casa Martos by
This lopsided house by Argentinean studio Adamo-Faiden has a pointed balcony poking out of one side and a caged terrace on the roof (+ movie + photos by Cristobal Palma). More »
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|Prev Close
|Day Low/High
|21.74 / 22.15
|52 Wk Low/High
|15.37 / 29.05
|Avg Volume
|Prev Close
|Day Low/High
|21.74 / 22.15
|52 Wk Low/High
|15.37 / 29.05
|Avg Volume
|Shares Outstanding
|Market Cap
|P/E Ratio
|Div & Yield
|0.40 (1.80%)
Stocks with insider trader activity include CIEN, QRVO and FINL
Commerce Department says sporting-goods and online sales both rose.
UPS, Alphabet, Foot Locker and other holdings should benefit.
The S&P 500 closed out Thursday's session with its fourth record close in a row as hopes for global monetary stimulus kept hopes high on Wall Street.
Finish Line (FINL) will initiate a new 5 million share repurchase program once the current 600,000 share plan is complete.
The Finish Line, Inc. (NASDAQ: FINL) announced today that its board of directors has declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.
The most recent short interest data has been released for the 06/30/2016 settlement date, which shows a 843,185 share decrease in total short interest for Finish Line, Inc. , to 6,593,748, a decrease of 11.34% since 06/15/2016.
Morgan Stanley now forecasts a 23% price target downside for fiscal 2018.
Growth Seeker's view of Under Armour runs counter to Morgan Stanley's bearish stance.
Nike reports earnings on Tuesday after the close. Cramer can't wait.
Trade-Ideas LLC identified Finish Line (FINL) as a "perilous reversal" (up big yesterday but down big today) candidate
Finish Line (FINL) stock price target was increased to $25 from $24 at Jefferies after the company's first quarter results.
Cramer says you may be able to pick up a lot of high-quality stocks cheap this week.
In trading on Friday, shares of Finish Line, Inc. crossed above their 200 day moving average of $18.87, changing hands as high as $20.29 per share.
Finish Line is in the spotlight in Friday's trading session.
Global markets -- and Wall Street -- are in freefall as the pro-exit results of a British referendum send equities, crude oil and currencies downward.
Trade-Ideas LLC identified Finish Line (FINL) as a "barbarian at the gate" (strong stocks crossing above resistance with today's range greater than 200%) candidate
Finish Line (FINL) stock is rising in pre-market trading after the company reported better-than-expected financial results for the fiscal 2017 first quarter.
A vote for a 'Brexit' blindsides world markets on Friday morning after days of growing confidence that the United Kingdom would opt to remain in the European Union.
U.S. stock futures are falling sharply -- by nearly 4% -- in premarket trading after the U.K. voted to leave the European Union in a 'Brexit.'
The Finish Line, Inc. (NASDAQ: FINL) today reported results for the thirteen weeks ended May 28, 2016.
On Friday, June 24, investors will grapple with the fallout from Thursday's potential Brexit and some important economic data.
Trade-Ideas LLC identified Finish Line (FINL) as a weak on high relative volume candidate
Finish Line (FINL) stock is increasing before the company reports its fiscal 2017 first quarter financial results Friday before the opening bell.
These heavily shorted stocks could get squeezed much higher if they report positive earnings this week.
The Finish Line Youth Foundation announced today the award of $190,904 in grants for the first quarter of 2016.
Will it stay or will it go? U.K. citizens will head to the polls on Thursday to vote on whether Great Britain will remain in the European Union.


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Picture made available by the Italian Air Force in Rome, Wednesday, Nov. 12, 2008, with a press release on the causes on the Oct. 23 helicopter crash in northeastern France, killing all eight people on board. The Italian air force had said in a statement Monday Oct. 27, 2008 it had grounded its 35 HH-3F helicopters as a precaution while it investigated the causes of the crash. On Wednesday Nov. 12, the air force press release stated that the photo showed military personnel inspecting the HH-3F helicopter blade on the crash site in France. The statement also said the most "significant findings" indicated "technical problems which caused the breaking of a blade from the main rotor." (AP Photo/Italian Air Force, HO)


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Strong storms with the potential of strong winds and dangerous lightning will be moving through parts of Bay, Coffee, Geneva, Holmes, Walton, and Washington counties over the next hour.
Forecasters at the National Weather Service office in Tallahassee were tracking a line of storms that stretched from Elba to St. Andrews State Park. This line was moving to the southwest at approximately 20 miles per hour.
These storms will be near DeFuniak Springs at 2:30am Central and Santa Rosa Beach by just before 3am Central.
40 to 50 mile per hour wind and extremely frequent cloud-to-ground lightning is occurring with this storm.
Forecasters also warn that "this storm is capable of producing torrential downpours which may reduce visibility and cause ponding of water on roadways."
Stay with WTVY and WTVY.com for the latest weather developments.


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Is this the Dodge Dart SRT4?
While the Chrysler Group has all but confirmed the existence of the Dodge Dart SRT4, the company has done a fantastic job of making sure that no images or information on the high performance compact sedan has hit the internet…until now. Shown above is what appears to be an official company rendering of the Dodge […] More »
The 2013 Ram 3500 Heavy Duty gets a towing capacity of 30,000 pounds
This morning the Chrysler Group announced the new specifications for the 2013 Ram Heavy Duty lineup and the numbers are stunning – with the Ram 3500 being the most powerful and the most capable non-commercial truck on the market today. The 2013 Ram 1500 is currently racking up awards for being the most efficient and […] More »
The R/T package to debut as the 2013 Dodge Dart GT
Since early last year, we have believe that the midrange performance package for the new Dodge Dart would wear the R/T badge because – well – that was what Chrysler was calling it. However, the company announced this morning that the first performance oriented package for the sporty new compact sedan will debut at next […] More »
Take a look at the 2013 SRT Viper GTS on the dyno!
The first copies of the 2013 SRT Viper to reach consumers may not arrive until February as the Chrysler Group works to make sure that there are no "bugs" in the first batch of production supercars but thanks to the folks at Edmunds.com, we get a look at the 2013 SRT Viper GTS on the […] More »
2013 SRT Viper production began on December 5th
While it occurred with far less fanfare than most new models, the 2013 SRT Viper assembly line began producing the incredible new Mopar supercar earlier this month. On December 5th 2013, around 150 workers went to work building the first copies of the 2013 Viper and Viper GTS but unlike a "normal car" that would […] More »


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Category:Israeli generals
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The main article for this category is Israel Defense Forces.
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Generals of Israel.
This category has the following 3 subcategories, out of 3 total.
- ► Israeli Air Force generals (21 P)
- ► Israeli Navy generals (19 P)
Pages in category "Israeli generals"
The following 135 pages are in this category, out of 135 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more).


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Top Definition
Normally a bad ass Bitch with a bad ass body.
Never underestimate the Bictoria side of that chick.
po yeayea9669 Новембар 14, 2009
Trending Now
Is a outgoing, Pillsbury dough girl, Italian Mozes who is very awkward and flirts with random people (when she does not no).
Is Bictoria having &*@^ with anatoliy!
po Jope wgw Јануар 23, 2009


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Questions about intentional or unintentional appearance of the "lego" effect: clear visibility that the image consists of little squares.
387 views
How to create a very big photo (like for a billboard) [duplicate]
So I'm designing a CD cover for my friends band. And I will have to use a photo of them for that cover. How am I supposed to create it so that it won't pixelize if they want to use that for a big ...
761 views
What is the resolution I need to make a picture to make curves look smooth and not pixelated?
I am using Paint to draw some swords for a character I have. I am not very experienced and this is my first time trying to draw swords. My question is how large (Preferably in pixels) do I need to ...
1k views
Possible to use fill tool in grid cells?
I would like to reconstruct a simple bitmap to vector, so I have put a grid and a layer on top of it. Is it possible to e.g. use the fill tool, to just fill out one of the grid squares at a time? Or ...
55k views
How to enlarge an image with as little pixelation as possible?
What technique(s) can I use to enlarge small digital (raster) image in order to best avoid pixelation? I can print the image and scan at high resolution, but I also want to preserve as close to exact ...
41k views
My web logo looks pixelated after resizing
I am trying to resize my logo for the web but so far I have not been seeing the result that I want to. It was in a vector format first (AI) and then it was converted to PSD. I then used the image ...
775 views
Problem with vectoring images from Photoshop to Illustrator
I am having problems vectoring art work for floor tiles. I vector the image in Photoshop then I save it as a Photoshop file and move it over to Illustrator. For these vector images the need to be able ...


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WITH LITTLE to go on three days after a Northeast Philadelphia woman was found strangled in Pennypack Park, police last night announced an increased reward for information leading to her killer.
In addition to the city's standing $20,000 reward for a tip leading to an arrest and conviction in any homicide, Fraternal Order of Police Lodge No. 5 kicked in $10,000, and Philadelphia Federal Credit Union added $5,000 for information in the case, bringing the total reward to $35,000.
The victim, Constance "Connie" Murray, 46, a wife and mother of two young daughters, left her home about 9 p.m. Monday to go for a jog and never returned. A woman walking her dog found Murray's body in the woods off Holme Avenue near Convent about 6 a.m. Tuesday.


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Fotomagico 4
Price: $99.99
Company: Boinx Software
Photographers like to show their work to people around them, and on the Internet. There are multiple ways of doing it, such as a web sites, image sharing, or social sites (Flickr, Google+, Facebook), but nothing comes close to a good slideshow. Read on to see how Fotomagico 4.6 can help you create good looking presentations.
About Steve Hammond
Steve is a computer geek, and he has been for many years. He has studied computer science for 15 years, with a college degree in computer science, a backchelor degree in computer with a minor in mathematics, and a Master degree in computer science. In high school he was initiated to computer on an Apple II, then his parents bought him a Commodore 64, then a Mac Plus. But in computer science, DOS and Windows PC were used mostly, so he switched to the dark side for a while. In 2000 he began doing some photography, then discovered iPhoto which make him come back to the Macintosh in 2002. Since, he became a Mac geek again and he sure won't turn back to the PC.
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iMovie The Missing Manual
Author: David Pogue
O'Reilly Press
Price: Ebook: $33.99
Print: $39.99
Print and Ebook: $43.99
The "Missing Manual" series, of course, aims to fill gaps that many pieces of software (may) leave by having no – or an inadequate – manual. iMovie The Missing Manual (O'Reilly) looks at Apple's venerable movie editing software.
The status (in and out of the iLife suite), pricing, versioning, naming, scope, purpose and popularity of Apple's own iMovie have all varied significantly since the software's introduction in 1999.
Continue reading »
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About Mark Sealey
Mark Sealey is a British expatriate working and living in Southern California with his artist/writer wife, Roberta Lannes-Sealey, whom he met in 1996, when the web, she and he were much younger. Mark's interest in computers began in the the early '80s when his father suggested that, If we don't understand how to control them, they'll creep up behind us and make life unbearable. Have they? Using the venerable Acorn system until his move to the US, Mark wrote extensively about the BBC and RISC machines. He concentrated chiefly on education, music and productivity/system software; at the time Micronet and Prestel led the way for wide area networking… he published over 2,000 articles for these outlets. After graduating with a humanities degree, Mark was a teacher for 20 years until 1994 - first in Italy then the UK. Becaming increasingly attracted to the world of information technology as a major contributor to children's learning and development, he eventually moved to editing the UK's chief journals in the educational computing. He has always enjoyed freelance reviewing, consulting, editing and writing. When he moved to the US, he was fortunate enough to find full time employment at a major arts non-profit as a software engineer; though it's doubtful if there's a single skill which he was originally hired to use that's still in daily use. Mark is also a composer of chamber and orchestral music, music critic, a published poet, photographer and environmentalist with an enthusiasm for fitness, vegan nutrition and long distance running. He is now convinced that only humans' humility can save our planet.
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iPad Animation How to Make Stop Motion Movies On The iPad with iStopMotion, GarageBand, and iMove
Author: Craig Lauridsen
Publisher: Acumen
Price: $9.99
328 Pages
At first glance iPad Animation How to Make Stop Motion Movies On The iPad with iStopMotion, GarageBand, and iMove by Craig Lauridsen looks like a giant advertisement or manual for the iPad app iStopMotion by Boinx Software. However, as you get further into the book it is much more. It is a great book on stop motion animation that has tips and techniques that can be used with any software, even though iStopMotion is the software used and explained in the book.
About Donny Yankellow
In addition to writing for MyMac.com since the Fall of 2005 he is an art teacher, freelance artist/illustrator, and is a father of one son. Donny is also the author/illustrator of several children's ebooks. Donny's degree is in Visual Communications and he hold certification in K-12 Art Education. His hobbies (besides Mac and Apple stuff) include soccer, animation, and reading anything written by Stephen King.
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New TVs, automobile accidents, HUGE watches that control scoreboards, and iCloud solutions make up quite a bit of this week's show. The GMen also talk about what's Cooking (oh so clever seque) over at Apple. Of course a lot of your comments as well along with a lot of Guy and Gaz nonsense. So buckle up, sit back, and enjoy the ride!
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Guy's Pick: iMovie from Apple
Gaz's App Mac app Pick – Snapheal
People's Pick: Allister Jenks Fontastic iOS and Rob Rait selects My Talking Pet app for iOS
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Guy and Gaz are finally back together to record a podcast after a few weeks and shake some of the rust off. Guy HATES the way he sounds and this caused a delay since his fix actually made it worse (surprise). Then the GMen talk (and disagree) on where Apple's future is going and whether or not the Mac will still be there to see it.
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For a show that started off with Guy desperately trying to find a topic, they sure talked a lot. Some email and Twitter questions are up first, followed by a long discussion about Apple's new shiny iMacs (Oh that quad-core goodness!) and another on how iMovie for iOS is NOT the only game in town.
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If you haven't noticed yet, each of Apple's main creative suite applications including iMovie, iDVD, Address Book, Keynote, Pages, Numbers, and now, Mail's Stationery feature, includes a photo browser whereby you can access photos stored and managed in your iPhoto and Aperture libraries. This means that if you're sending an email, creating a DVD slide show, editing a video movie, creating a postcard or newsletter letter layout in Pages, or putting together a spreadsheet in which you need photos or images, you can now access your images directly from the program you're working in.
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A long show this week as the guys look at all the latest iMacs, iLife 08, and iWork 08. The big news is the changes to iMovie, and the complete lack of third party support for iMovie plug-ins. As such, we chat with the biggest name in iMovie plug-ins, Bruce Gee of GeeThree.com. Also, who is David Cowan, and what did he say to get Tim so mad at him? Listen to the show to find out.
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iMovie 2 Solutions
Author: Erica Sadun
Publisher: Sybex
Price: $40.00
Say you make a fairly great movie with the worlds greatest program: iMovie. Still, you think your newly birthed video masterpiece lacks something. Perhaps it's a unique blend or a splashy title. At the moment of export you might stop and wonder: "Should I upgrade to Final Cut Pro?" I can answer that question for you, just follow the following formula: (Money you plan to earn from this movie)+(Money you plan to earn with next 10 movies)/(cost of Final Cut Pro)=Justification. If "justification" is greater than 1, I say buy the program. If not it is far wiser, fiscally speaking, to stick with iMovie.
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If I have a regular reader it's probably due to a high fiber diet, to which I say: "Keep it up Sir/Madam your chance of colon cancer is significantly reduced." If people exist who actually read the stuff I write more than once said individuals may have noted that I seem to be trending towards a subject matter that's a bit iMovie heavy. I feel certain this reader might be wondering "Hey Chris Seibold, why so much iMovie stuff?" and "If I shot you from a distance of six hundred yards would anyone be impressed?" Taking the second question first: No, no one would be impressed. My head is so large in comparison with my body that I resemble a bobble head doll. Addressing the second question: The reason I review so much iMovie stuff is because I love iMovie.
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Slick Transitions & Effects Vol. I and II
OS X Compatible
Company: GeeThree.com
Pricing: $29.95 (Each volume, $49.95 Bundle)
Ah, iMovie. As many of you know, iMovie was the very first application to fit in the "Digital Lifestyle" suite of applications and hardware from Apple. With iMovie, you could import digital video, edit, cut, and change the video somewhat, and export back out of the computer. Now at version 2, iMovie has become many Mac users favorite program, proving that the Apple CEO, Steve Jobs, may have been right. Editing digital video on your computer is the next big thing, such as document creation (desktop publishing) was in the 1980's. If so, Apple is far ahead of the competition. And iMovie, at least for home computer users, is by far the easiest and most intuitive video editing software yet made. But as good as iMovie is, there is room for improvements.
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Volume 98, Issue 1, 01 July 2005
Plasmonics: Localization and guiding of electromagnetic energy in metal/dielectric structures98(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1951057View Description Hide Description
We review the basic physics of surface-plasmon excitations occurring at metal/dielectric interfaces with special emphasis on the possibility of using such excitations for the localization of electromagnetic energy in one, two, and three dimensions, in a context of applications in sensing and waveguiding for functional photonic devices. Localized plasmon resonances occurring in metallic nanoparticles are discussed both for single particles and particle ensembles, focusing on the generation of confined light fields enabling enhancement of Raman-scattering and nonlinear processes. We then survey the basic properties of interface plasmons propagating along flat boundaries of thin metallic films, with applications for waveguiding along patterned films, stripes, and nanowires. Interactions between plasmonic structures and optically active media are also discussed.
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Compact high- filters based on one-dimensional photonic crystals containing single-negative materials98(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1949273View Description Hide Description
A mechanism to design compact high- filters is proposed in this paper, based on the properties of a defect mode in a one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystal composed of alternating layers of negative-permeability material and negative-permittivity material. The eigenfrequency equation for the defect mode is derived by means of the transfer-matrix method, and then, the dependence of the eigenfrequency on the thicknesses of the two host layers and the defect layer is calculated. In contrast to the case for a filter based on a conventional 1D photonic crystal (with positive refractive indices), we find that the quality factor of the filter involved in this paper can be boosted noticeably while the volume of the filter decreases.
A robust design against comb electrode spacing variations for in-plane switching mode thin-film transistor liquid-crystal displays98(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1949277View Description Hide Description
A method to reduce the transmittance nonuniformity caused by comb electrode spacing variations of in-plane switching mode thin-film transistorliquid-crystal displays is proposed. The method is based on the compensation of the effect of the comb electrode spacing variations with effective driving voltage variation via feed-through voltage in the thin-film transistor addressing. The conditions for this compensation were analyzed theoretically taking into account gate delay (recharging) effects. It was observed that the common dc driving was superior to the common inversion driving in terms of compensation efficiency. An alternative driving method was proposed to enhance the compensation in common inversion driving.
Characterization of buried photonic crystal waveguides and microcavities fabricated by deep ultraviolet lithography98(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1948507View Description Hide Description
We present results of the optical characterization of siliconphotonic crystal waveguides and microcavities that are completely buried in a silicon dioxide cladding and are fabricated by deep ultraviolet (UV) lithography. The advantages of buried waveguides and deep UV lithography are discussed. Transmission spectra and loss factors for photonic crystal waveguides, as well as quality factors for resonant microcavities, are obtained. The observed characteristics are in good agreement with three-dimensional simulations.
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Etching process of silicon dioxide with nonequilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma98(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1944219View Description Hide Description
An ultrahigh etch rate of and a high selectivity of over 200 were achieved using a microwave-excited nonequilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma source employing He, , and gases, which have been developed for application to microelectromechanical systems and other bionanotechnology fields. In order to clarify the etching mechanism, two diagnostic methods have been performed: (1) imaging of plasma emission with an intensified charge-coupled device camera, and (2) absorption measurements using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The etching characteristics are discussed in relation to the spatial distributions of the species involved. The etch rate depended considerably on the distance between the plasma and the substrate. Some radicals generated from the feed gases reached the substrate directly, while other radicals recombined into different species, which reached the substrate. An abundance of HF molecules were produced through a reaction between radicals generated by the atmospheric pressure discharge of and . From these measurements, it has been found that the HF molecules generated played a role in producing the high etch rate of and high etch selectivity of .
Numerical description of discharge characteristics of the plasma needle98(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1944218View Description Hide Description
The plasma needle is a small atmospheric, nonthermal, radio-frequency discharge, generated at the tip of a needle, which can be used for localized disinfection of biological tissues. Although several experiments have characterized various qualities of the plasma needle, discharge characteristics and electrical properties are still not well known. In order to provide initial estimates on electrical properties and quantities such as particle densities, we employed a two-dimensional, time-dependent fluid model to describe the plasma needle. In this model the balance equation is solved in the drift-diffusion approach for various species and the electron energy, as well as Poisson's equation. We found that the plasma production occurs in the sheath region and results in a steady flux of reactive species outwards. Even at small admixtures of to the He background, is the dominant ion. The electron density is typically and the dissipated power is in the order of . These results are consistent with the experimental data available and can give direction to the practical development of the plasma needle.
Formation of plasma and ion flux on a target, irradiated by an intense electron beam98(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1944217View Description Hide Description
Theoretical consideration shows that under the influence of an intense electron beam, first, an ion flux and then plasma are formed on the surface of a target. The target plasma is created when the density of the ion flux achieves a certain limiting value. The time necessary for the plasma formation depends on the beamcurrent density and the efficiency of gas desorption and ionization. This time is few microseconds under typical vacuum conditions of about , electron-beam current density in the range of , and kinetic energy of electrons in the range of . When the density of the ion flux reaches a limiting value the beam potential decreases to a level, which is half of the initial one. A transient layer is formed between the plasma boundary and the electron beam. For conditions mentioned above its length are few centimeters. The target plasma expands into the beam drift region, with a velocity increasing in time. The expansion of the target plasma is the main reason for neutralization of the electron-beam space charge.
The role of higher silanes in silane-discharge particle growth98(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1947895View Description Hide Description
A small concentration of stable higher silanes (HS) build up in an (initially) pure-silane discharge. Here it is shown that these HS cause a major increase in particle growth rates but have no effect on film growth rates. This explains the observed increase of growth rate during the first seconds of a transient discharge, as the HS build up toward a steady-state concentration of several percent. A rapid increase in particle versus film growth rate also occurs at larger values of discharge power and pressure, and the HS also appear to cause this. Possible reasons for this extreme sensitivity of particles, but not of films, to the HS are evaluated.
Plasma nonuniformities induced by dissimilar electrode metals98(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1941481View Description Hide Description
Nonuniformities in both sheath electric field and plasma excitation were observed around dissimilar metals placed on a rf electrode. Spatial maps of the rf sheath electric field obtained by laser-induced fluorescence-dip (LIF-dip) spectroscopy show that the sheath structure was a function of the electrodemetal. In addition to the electric-field measurements, LIF, optical emission, and Langmuir probe measurements show nonuniform excitation around the dissimilar metals. The degree and spatial extent of the discharge nonuniformities were dependent on discharge conditions and the history of the metal surfaces.
Spectroscopic characterization of laser-induced tin plasma98(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1977200View Description Hide Description
Optical emission spectroscopic studies have been carried out on a tinplasma generated using 1064-nm, 8-ns pulses from a laser. Temperature and density were estimated from the analysis of spectral data. The temperature measurements have been performed by Boltzmann diagram method using singly ionized Sn lines, while density measurements were made using the Stark broadening method. An initial temperature of 3.2 eV and density of were measured. Temporal and spatial behaviors of electron temperature and density in the laser-generated tinplasma have been analyzed. Time evolutions of density and temperature are found to decay adiabatically at early times. The spatial variation of density shows approximately dependence. The time-integrated temperature exhibits an appreciable rise at distances greater than 7 mm. This may be caused by the deviation from local thermodynamic equilibrium at larger distances from the target surface.
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Strain-induced enhancement of near-infrared absorption in Ge epitaxial layers grown on Si substrate98(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1943507View Description Hide Description
Epitaxially grown Ge layers on Si substrate are shown to reveal an enhanced absorption of near-infrared light, which is effective for the photodiode application in Si-based photonics. Ge layers as thick as were grown on Si substrate by ultrahigh-vacuum chemical-vapor deposition with a low-temperature buffer layer technique. X-ray-diffraction measurements showed that the Ge layer possesses a tensile strain as large as 0.2%, which is generated during the cooling from the high growth temperature due to the thermal-expansion mismatch between Ge and Si. Photoreflectance measurements showed that the tensile strain reduces the direct band-gapenergy to 0.77 eV (c.f. 0.80 eV for unstrained Ge), as expected from the theory. Reflecting the band-gap narrowing, photodiodes fabricated using the Ge layer revealed an enhanced absorption of near-infrared light with the photonenergy below 0.80 eV, i.e., with the wavelength above . This property is effective to apply the photodiodes to the band in the optical communications as well as the band . It is shown that the experimental absorptionspectrum agrees with the theoretical one taking into account the splitting of light-hole and heavy-hole valence bands accompanied by the band-gap narrowing. Based on the calculation, the performance of the photodiode using the tensile-strained Ge is discussed.
Near-band-edge slow luminescence in nominally undoped bulk ZnO98(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1946200View Description Hide Description
We report the observation of slow emission bands overlapped with the near-band-edge steady-state luminescence of nominally undoped ZnO crystals. At low temperatures the time-resolvedspectra are dominated by the emission of several high-energy bound exciton lines and the two-electron satellite spectral region. Furthermore, two donor-acceptor pair transitions at 3.22 and are clearly identified in temperature-dependent time-resolved spectroscopy. These donor-acceptor pairs involve a common shallow donor at and deep acceptor levels at 250 and .
Wavelength-tunable ( region) InAs quantum dots in (100) grown by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy98(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1938271View Description Hide Description
Growth of wavelength-tunable InAsquantum dots(QDs) embedded in a lattice-matched InGaAsP matrix on InP (100) substrates by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy is demonstrated. exchange plays an important role in determining QD size and emission wavelength. The exchange reaction is suppressed by decreasing the QDgrowthtemperature and the V∕III flow ratio, reducing the QD size and emission wavelength. The exchange reaction and QD emission wavelength are then reproducibly controlled by the thickness of an ultrathin [zero to two monolayers (MLs)] GaAs interlayer underneath the QDs. An extended interruption after GaAs interlayer growth is essential to obtain well-defined InAsQDs.SubmonolayerGaAs coverages result in a shape transition from QD to quantum dash at low V∕III flow ratio with a slightly shorter emission wavelength. Only the combination of reduced growthtemperature and V∕III flow ratio with the insertion of GaAs interlayers above ML thicknesses allows wavelength tuning of QDs at room temperature in the technologically important wavelength region for fiber-optical telecommunication systems. A GaAs interlayer thickness just above one ML produces the highest photoluminescence(PL) efficiency. Temperature-dependentPLmeasurements reveal zero-dimensional carrier confinement and defect-free InAsQDs.
High-resolution strain mapping in heteroepitaxial thin-film features98(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1938277View Description Hide Description
Heteroepitaxialthin-film features that are lattice matched to the underlying substrate undergo elasticrelaxation at the free edges of the feature. To characterize the degree of elasticrelaxation, we employed synchrotron-based x-ray diffraction techniques to map the change in lattice spacing in the thin film at a submicron resolution. Measurements were conducted on thick, heteroepitaxially grown SiGe strips of various widths on Si (001). A comparison of the SiGe diffraction peak positions across the features provides a real-space mapping of the extent of elasticrelaxation as a function of linewidth. The resultant in-plane normal film stress measurements were compared to calculated values from several elastic mechanical models to assess their validity in predicting stress distributions within the features.
Blueshift of optical band gap in ZnO thin films grown by metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition98(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1940137View Description Hide Description
The optical band gap of ZnOthin filmsdeposited on fused quartz by metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition was studied. The optical band gap of as-grown ZnO blueshifted from as the growth temperature decreased from . After annealing, the optical band gap shifted back to the single-crystal value. All the ZnOthin films studied show strong band-edge photoluminescence. X-ray diffraction measurements showed that samples deposited at low temperatures consisted of amorphous and crystalline phases. The redshift of the optical band gap back to the original position after annealing was strong evidence that the blueshift was due to an amorphous phase. The unshifted photoluminescence spectra indicated that the luminescence was due to the crystalline phase of ZnO, which was in the form of nanocrystals embedded in the amorphous phase.
Interaction of wide-band-gap single crystals with 248-nm excimer laser irradiation. IX. Photoinduced atomic desorption from cleaved NaCl(100) surfaces98(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1927701View Description Hide Description
Neutral atomic sodium and chlorine emissions from cleaved, single-crystal NaCl(100) surfaces due to pulsed, 248-nm excimer laser irradiation have been characterized by time-resolved, quadrupole mass spectroscopy. At laser fluences below the threshold for optical breakdown, the resulting time-of-flight signals are consistent with particles emitted in thermal equilibrium with a laser-heated surface.Activation energy measurements made by varying the substrate temperature are consistent with pair formation under UV excitation. By varying the laser fluence and estimating the effective surface temperature from the time-of-flight signals, additional activation energy measurements were made. The corresponding rate-limiting step is attributed to a thermally assisted, photoelectronic process involving atomic steps. Atomic force microscope images of surfacesirradiated at low fluences show monolayer islands that are created by the aggregation of material desorbed from steps. At somewhat higher fluences, monolayer pits due to -center aggregation are also observed.
Microstructural and electrical properties of thin films grown on and substrates using metal-organic deposition98(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1943514View Description Hide Description
(LCMO) thin films have been prepared on and (STO) (001) single-crystal substrates by the metal-organic deposition process. These films were characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and temperature dependence of the resistance . The microstructure of the LCMO films and LCMO/substrate interfaces were investigated through cross-sectional TEM observations. High-resolution TEM(HRTEM) observations and electron-diffraction patterns demonstrate the (001) epitaxialgrowth on both the LAO and STO substrates. The local structure of the LCMO film depends on the type of substrate. HRTEM observations along the LCMO/STO interface display a good epitaxy throughout the entire film without any microstructural defects. On the contrary, in the LCMO film and in the region close to the LAO substrate, we note the presence of misfit dislocations and twins. The temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) was calculated from the temperature dependence of the resistance measurements. The LCMO/LAO system exhibits a TCR value of compared with the measured for the LCMO/STO system.
Pressure and temperature dependence of shear modulus and yield strength for aluminum, copper, and tungsten under shock compression98(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1943510View Description Hide Description
Experimental data for the shear modulus and yield strength of shocked aluminum,copper, and tungsten were systematically analyzed. Comparisons between these data and calculations using the Steinberg–Cochran–Guinan (SCG) constitutive model [D. J. Steinberg, S. G. Cochran, and M. W. Guinan, J. Appl. Phys.51, 1498 (1980)] indicate that the yield strength has the same dependence on pressure and temperature as the shear modulus for aluminum for shock pressures up to 50 GPa, for copper to 100 GPa, and for tungsten to 200 GPa. Therefore, the assumption of is basically acceptable for these materials, and the SCG model can be used to describe the shear modulus and yield strength of the shocked material at high pressure and temperature.
Polymer cholesteric liquid-crystal flake reorientation in an alternating-current electric field98(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1944221View Description Hide Description
The motion of highly dielectric polymer cholesteric liquid crystal (PCLC) flakes suspended in a host fluid can be controlled with an acelectric field. The electric field acts to induce a dipole moment on the flake due to interfacial, or Maxwell–Wagner, polarization. Theoretical modeling of PCLC flakes as oblate spheroids shows that the flakes will reorient to align one of the two major axes parallel to the electric field. The theory also supports the observed dependence of the particle reorientation time on the electric-field magnitude, frequency, and particle shape. A PCLC flake's orientation determines its ability to reflect light of a specific wavelength and circular polarization. The ability to switch the position of PCLC flakes with an electric field has implications for electro-optic devices and display applications.
Delayed electroluminescence in small-molecule-based organic light-emitting diodes: Evidence for triplet-triplet annihilation and recombination-center-mediated light-generation mechanism98(2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1937472View Description Hide Description
We measured delayed electroluminescence in small-molecule-based organic light-emitting diodes based on -di(naphthalene-1-yl)--diphenyl-benzidine hole-transport molecule and tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum electron-transport and emitter molecule after the excitation currents are switched off and reverse bias applied to the sample. The experiments indicate that delayed light emission is a result of two distinct processes: emissive excited singlet-state generation by either triplet-triplet annihilation or recombination of trapped positive and negative charges in the device. Under reverse device bias these two mechanisms have distinctly different signatures. We also found that upon device aging, delayed light emission decreases faster (by about a factor of 4–5) than prompt electroluminescence, which is attributed to an increase of the triplet decay rate due to the presence of aging induced spin- trapped charges in the device.


text:
Microfluidics and Nanofluidics
, Volume 14, Issue 1, pp 77-87
First online:
The influence of size, shape and vessel geometry on nanoparticle distribution
- Jifu TanAffiliated withDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University
- , Samar ShahAffiliated withDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University
- , Antony ThomasAffiliated withBioengineering Program, Lehigh University
- , H. Daniel Ou-YangAffiliated withBioengineering Program, Lehigh UniversityDepartment of Physics, Lehigh University
- , Yaling LiuAffiliated withDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh UniversityBioengineering Program, Lehigh University Email author
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Nanoparticles (NPs) are emerging as promising carrier platforms for targeted drug delivery and imaging probes. To evaluate the delivery efficiency, it is important to predict the distribution of NPs within blood vessels. NP size, shape and vessel geometry are believed to influence its biodistribution in circulation. Whereas, the effect of size on nanoparticle distribution has been extensively studied, little is known about the shape and vessel geometry effect. This paper describes a computational model for NP transport and distribution in a mimetic branched blood vessel using combined NP Brownian dynamics and continuum fluid mechanics approaches. The simulation results indicate that NPs with smaller size and rod shape have higher binding capabilities as a result of smaller drag force and larger contact area. The binding dynamics of rod-shaped NPs is found to be dependent on their initial contact points and orientations to the wall. Higher concentration of NPs is observed in the bifurcation area compared to the straight section of the branched vessel. Moreover, it is found that Péclet number plays an important role in determining the fraction of NPs deposited in the branched region and the straight section. Simulation results also indicate that NP binding decreases with increased shear rate. Dynamic NP re-distribution from low to high shear rates is observed due to the non-uniform shear stress distribution over the branched channel. This study would provide valuable information for NP distribution in a complex vascular network.
KeywordsNanoparticle distribution Shape effect Vascular network Péclet number
Reference tools
- Title
- The influence of size, shape and vessel geometry on nanoparticle distribution
- Journal
Microfluidics and Nanofluidics
Volume 14, Issue 1-2 , pp 77-87
- Cover Date
- 2013-01
- 10.1007/s10404-012-1024-5
- Print ISSN
- 1613-4982
- Online ISSN
- 1613-4990
- Publisher
- Springer-Verlag
- Additional Links
- Topics
- Keywords
- Nanoparticle distribution
- Shape effect
- Vascular network
- Péclet number
- Industry Sectors
- Authors
- Jifu Tan (1)
- Samar Shah (1)
- Antony Thomas (2)
- H. Daniel Ou-Yang (2) (3)
- Yaling Liu (1) (2)
- Author Affiliations
- 1. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
- 2. Bioengineering Program, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
- 3. Department of Physics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA