text:
Configuring basic personal preferences
Configuring basic personal preferences
And now it's time to delve in the system preferences, specifically those for configuring the look and feel of the Mac's interface. I am going to start with General. So we are going to System Preferences and we'll click on the General system preference. First thing you can do is change a couple of the colors. When you click on the menu bar, you'll notice that the top of the menu is blue. You can change that if you like. You can change that to Graphite. Click up here, and we've got gray menu, plus notice the buttons here have changed color as well.
We'll go back to blue. You can also change the highlight color of text. By default it's blue, but you can change that to gold, which is really yellow. Red, orange, green, purple or tutti frutti. When we first set up our Mac we changed the way the scroll bars work. As a reminder if you choose Automatically based on input device. If you use a mouse that's plugged into your Mac, the scroll bars will appear at all times. If you use a trackpad, they will appear only when you're scrolling.
I like to see scroll bars all times, so I'll leave the Always option enabled. Now when you click in the scroll bar a couple of things can happen. By default if you click in the scroll bar it will jump to the next page. However, you can also choose to jump to the spot that's clicked. So if you have a long scroll bar, you can click way down the scroll bar and the thumb of the scroll bar will move all the way down to where you've clicked. So you can more easily move to the end of a document, if you like. The Use smooth scrolling option means exactly what it says, and what that is, is when you drag on a thumb with this option on, the scrolling will be very smooth.
The page will move very smoothly. If you turn this off you may be able to scroll more quickly, but the look will be a little jumpier. You could also double-click a window's title bar to minimize. Let me turn that on to show what that looks like. Double-click and down it goes minimized into the dock. And bring it back. I am going to turn that off for now. You can change the size of the Finder sidebar icons. Currently, they're set to Medium, but you can make them Small or you can make them Large, and back to Medium.
Also, within the Apple menu you will find a Recent items command. Here you will find a list of items. So, Applications, Documents, and Servers. By default you will see up to 10 of these items, but you can change that so you see none at all or up to 50. Same settings for all of these. We touched on this in another movie, but I will remind you what this means. Restore windows when quitting and re-opening apps. So if I have launched TextEdit for example and I have five windows open, when I quit TextEdit and then relaunch it, those windows will appear again. And then there's Use LCD font smoothing when available.
This makes your fonts look a little crisper and nicer when it's on. It's worth keeping on. Now let's look at Desktop & Screensaver. Now there are a couple of ways that we can get there. We could of course click Show All and then choose it here, but you could also go to the View menu and choose your Preference from there, which we've done. This is a desktop that we are using, this blue color, but you can change that as well. There are desktop pictures that come with a Mac. Some of them are very pretty, but you can add your own and a way to do that is click the plus button and then navigate to the pictures that you want to find.
So in this case I'm in my Documents folder. I've created this folder called Pretty Pictures. Here are the images and here's the preview of this image. So I can choose that and that becomes my desktop pattern. I will go back to my solid color and now let's take a look at Screensaver. There are a number of screensaver options offered with the Mac. Here is Arabesque. Click Test and ooh, isn't that pretty? There are some other pretty ones too.
Flurry is another popular one. So what's the point of these things? Well, back in the old days when we were using CRT monitors, those big tube monitors like TVs, there was something called screen burn-in. If you left your computer on for a long time and it was showing the same thing, eventually that image would burn into the screen. Particularly you'd see things like menu bars that were burned in. This isn't really a problem with the kind of monitors we have today. So why do we have these? For one, they're nice to look at, but also it's part of a security setting.
You can for example turn on your screensaver, walk away from your computer, and set a setting so that when you come back you cannot restore your computer to its regular desktop until you enter a password. So if you're working somewhere where you have a Mac and there are a lot of other people around and you don't want them to see your work, just kick in the screensaver and then they won't be able to see your stuff without being able to enter your password. And we'll cover that later when we talk about security. One other screensaver worth looking at is RSS Visualizer.
Now RSS stands for Really Simple Syndication and essentially it is the headlines from various websites. Currently, it's got it set up so it's showing you Apple's Hot News and it looks like this. I will click Test. Here is Apple's site, and then you'll see headlines for that day appear on the screen. Hmm, Creating Media-Savvy Journals with Mac, I should look into that. And we'll get out of that. Now you'll see that the Hot Corners button appears here.
This appears in a couple of other places, and this is what it does. You click on it and then you can choose things to happen when you put your cursor in a corner. So for example, Start Screen Saver. I drag my cursor down to left bottom, and here's the screensaver. To make it stop, I does drag my cursor out. So there are lots of options here. You can disable the screensaver, you can kick in Mission Control, you can share application windows, Desktop, Dashboard, Launchpad, and you can put the display to sleep.
I'll leave this off most of the time, and for new Mac users, it's not a bad idea to leave that off, because oftentimes we are sitting at a computer, we are not paying attention, and oh, look I've just dragged my cursor to the corner and something happens. This can be confusing for some people, because, well, I don't know what happened. Why did that start? Well, it's because a Hot Corner has been set. So if you know what you're doing, if you really want something to happen when you drag your cursor to a corner, fine, turn that on. But for a lot of people it's really not worth it. And we click OK to get out of there.
Now let's take a look at dock settings. I am going to invoke this again by going to the View menu and choosing Dock. Now one thing we set up when I originally set up this computer is to turn Dock Hiding on. I am going to turn it off now so that we can see the dock and see what I'm doing here. The first thing you can do is change the Size of the dock, and you use this Size slider to do that. So I can make it as big as that and I can reduce its size so it's really, really tiny. I'll put it back to its medium size.
One reason to use this slider is because you don't really want this dock getting in your way taking up a lot of real estate where you could be putting some other stuff. Now note that when you put more things in the dock, the dock is going to get bigger to accommodate those things. So let's say I've got it on to Large. Now you see it's taking up pretty much the entire bottom of the screen. As I add more items to it, the icons in the dock will get smaller to accommodate the items that I put into it. I'll put it back to a reasonable size there.
You also have a Magnification setting. Turn that on and I will show you what that effect is. As you drag your cursor across the dock, the icons get bigger as your cursor passes over them. I'll make this really extreme here. Really big. So this is just a visual cue to see what your cursor is over so that you can more easily launch these applications. I will now turn Magnification off. You can also show the dock in three positions.
By default it's at the bottom, and when it's at the bottom it's in 3D. Click Left and it appears on the left side of the screen, but it becomes a two-dimensional dock. So it appears flat. On the right it's the same idea, 2D on the right. It's up to you where you want to put it. I really find it convenient to keep it on the bottom, but some people I know put on the left or they put on the right. Then there's the effect that occurs when you minimize a window. So by default we have Genie effect. I am going to show you how this works in slow motion.
So I'll hold down the Shift key and click on the Minimize button, and it gets sucked down into the dock, and that's called the Genie effect. I'll bring it back in real time. There's one other effect. It's called the Scale effect. I'll do this in slow motion. So again hold down Shift key, minimize, and you see it doesn't get sucked out, but rather the rectangle is reduced proportionally. Back to Genie, back to the desktop.
This option, Minimize windows into application icon, changes the way application windows are put into the dock. Let me open TextEdit to show you how that works. I have a TextEdit document. By default when I minimize it, it occupies the right side of the dock. However, if I turn on Minimize windows into application icon and minimize it, it goes into the application icon itself.
Well, how do I find that document if I want it? All I have to do is click and there it is. Here is my test file. I choose it and it comes out of the dock. I'll put it back to its default setting which is off. You can animate opening applications, so that you get a little bounce in the dock. You get things swooping around. That's the default. If you have a recent Mac, go ahead and leave this on. It really doesn't take up much processing power and it doesn't slow down your Mac. So it's a perfectly fine thing to leave on.
In a bit I am going to re-enable the Automatically hide and show Dock, so that the dock will disappear when I want it to. The last option is to Show indicator lights for opening applications. Live applications, the ones that are currently running, have a little blue dot underneath them. So the Finder is active and we can see that System Preferences is also active. If I turn that off, those blue dots disappear. So you can't see what's currently running. I am not sure why you'd want to turn that option off, but some people may choose to.
In my case, I am going to turn it back on. So let's clean things up. I am going to automatically hide my dock as I originally did it. Close this Finder window and quit System Preferences. And there's your look at configuring general system preferences.
Configuring basic personal preferences provides you with in-depth training on Business. Taught by Christopher Breen as part of the Mac OS X Lion Essential Training
- Subject:
- Business
- Software:
- Mac OS X
- Author:
- Christopher Breen
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the unofficial replacement for "sup". Shortened form of "what's popping?" Used as an inquiry into the current events of a person, group, etc.
Gangsta: "wa pop?"
Gangsta2: "Nuttin yet szeen?"
Gangsta2: "Nuttin yet szeen?"
by Yakshini January 02, 2008
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Means "What's Up?." or "What's going on"... it is the short term of What's Popping
person # 1: yo wa pop?!
person # 2: nutthin' yo.. juss here chillin
person # 2: nutthin' yo.. juss here chillin
by ruhhhhhde December 07, 2007

subset: commoncrawl


text:
I need your help in a task. I have measured a object which has shape like a parabola. i have X,Y,Z coordinates of the object. The task is to suit a rotating paraboloid to these coordinates, and determine the deviation(difference[dx,dy,dz]) between my parabola and the theoretical rotating paraboloid. Is there any way to do that in Matlab?
Thanks you so much, and sorry for my bad english, its long time since i've used it.
Greetings! Daniel


text:
CMBS appears to be the asset du jour for the hedge fund crowd, getting a mention as a favored spot from Boaz Weinstein, Tom Kempner, and Jamie Dinan at a recent conference. Formally just a residential player, Annaly (NLY) is buyer with its proposed acquisition of CreXus (CXS). Among stocks benefitting from better commercial real estate performance: WD, ARI, SFI, GKK. Others?
CMBS appears to be the asset du jour for the hedge fund crowd, getting a mention as a favored...
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text:
The Opposite of Sloth
Here's an interesting article about a new breed of executive, referred to in the article as "extreme workers," who eagerly work 70 hour weeks with little vacation. In reading Catholic Social Teachings on labor (e.g., Laborem Exercens) for the CST class I've taught at three different law schools, I've often strugged to make its lessons relevant to a class full of future (usually highly paid) lawyers.
Part of the problem is that the CST discussions of wage and hour issuestypically address the question of workers who work long hours in orderto put food on the table. Most of my students, however, are heading for the law firm world, where they will bill anywhere from 2200 to 3000 hours per year and work many additional non-billable hours and be well compensated for their sacrifice. The question of what to say to workers who would volunteer to work overly long hours is, apparently, not something the encyclical writers have even considered. But many of the harms identified in the CST writings as resulting from too much time at work -- e.g., not enough time for family, leisure, worship, or spiritual reflection -- are the same, whether the long hours are chosen or imposed by necessity.
In our culture, the idea of too much work as a bad, even sinful, thing just has no traction. Maybe it's our Calvinist heritage. Or maybe it's that, while many sins are conceived as paired examples of excess (e.g., cowardice and foolhardiness), with virtue (courage) as the mean, I'm not sure there is a counterpart to the sin of sloth. We would do a better job of discouraging people from working too hard, I've concluded, if we had a name for this sin and understood industriousness, like courage, as a mean. My question for the commenters is: if there were, what would a good name for it be?
About the Author
Eduardo Moisés Peñalver is the Allan R. Tessler Dean of the Cornell Law School. He is the author of numerous books and articles on the subjects of property and land use law.
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Unless I'm missing something, it seems to me that greed and pride rather cover those bases--those are two of the big 'uns that share an appartment with sloth.What you describe is also an offense against prudence. Sacrificing oneself and one's family to become a cog in the legal machine hardly seems to dovetail with the personalist norm.Does that cut it or were you looking for something else?
Greg -- I don't think greed and pride capture the sin with the same specificity that sloth does. I know many people (maybe this is peculiar to lawyers) who just love to work for the sake of work -- they're not doing it for the money (they've already made enough) and they're not really in it for their pride. They just get a kick out of, say, litigating. The result is that they're at work 80 hours per week and not spending time with their kids, etc. and causing other people (coworkers, subordinates, etc.) to spend more time at work as well. I know other people who do it not because of greed or pride but because of social pressure in their workplace to put in long hours. I'm sure in every case we could shoe-horn the actions into an existing sin. I just think it would be helpful for our particularly cultural situation to see a nice tidy opposite sin for sloth, like we have with cowardice and foolhardiness.
What about "overwork" as the opposite extreme from sloth? As in, he is overworking himself and his colleagues. This denotes that he is working too much to the detriment of other important elements in his life. The cause of overworking can be (a) his own desire to engage in the activity because of the satisfaction or pleasure that it provides him or (b) coercion in the form of economic or social pressure to do it. In the first case, overwork can be a form of selfishness, which puts one's own pleasure above the needs of others (one's spouse, children, extended family, friends, community, etc.). In the later case, one is subject to the same kind of exploitation, against which the encyclicals rail. Granted social pressure to work long hours may seem less ornerous than economic pressure. Nevertheless, it can be equally powerful given that human beings are socially oriented and threats to our loss of standing with in the community can be perceived as life threatening to some people.
I take your point, but I don't think I'm shoe-horning anything. I would suggest that you're using an unecessarily limiting definition of both pride and greed.I deal with this issue a lot in my practice as well as in my book, God Help Me! This Stress is Driving Me Crazy (Loyola).Nobody "just likes work." People like work for what it does for them. The personalities you describe like work because they're good at it. It makes them feel good about themselves. Family life on the other hand is hard. These hard-charging types are rarely good at intimacy, but billable hours they understand. Putting myself and my interests above the interests of those I am called to love and be loved by is pride. No shoe-horning about it. This sort of behavior says that "I and my interests" are the only thing that matters even to the exclusion of the souls that have been placed in my care. That isn't "enjoying my work" that's having an unhealthy obsession with work that is rooted in pride and self-aggrandizement. The fact that people being prideful don't recognize it as such is hardly the point. As Mrs Gump might have said, "Prideful is as prideful does."Incidentally, your characterization of sloth isn't really correct. Sloth isn't mainly about laziness and a poor work ethic. It's about not doing the spiritual and relational work that needs to be done so that you can become the person God is calling you to be. A person could work 80 hours a week and still be slothful if they are ignoring their spiritual and relational responsibilities.I don't think the issue is that we need new virtues. I would argue that we have to have a deeper understanding of the virtues that already exist, but are largely ignored and poorly understood. After all, unchecked ambition is hardly a 21 century phenomenon. The Church has been confronting sin in all its forms for 2000 years. Perhaps going deeper is what's called for, not re-inventing the moral wheel.Just my off-the-cuff thoughts. Thanks for the conversation.Greg
I wrote an article, "Billable Hours in Ordinary Time," published in Loyola Law Review, and published in the theological journal Communio under the title "Living the Fullness of Ordinary Time," which contrasts the view of time in a billable hours world (and by extension, in most of corporate America) with the liturgical and theological view in Catholic Christianity. I do, incidentally, think there is something to the Calvinization of time in America (Weber). Incidentally, this is another way in which Catholic liturgy and theology (liturgy of the hours, liturgical seasons, days of feast and fast) shape - or used to shape --Catholic sensibilities in ways very different from Protestant theology and liturgy. One of the texts I discuss is JPII's Dies Domini-which talks about the importance of keeping the Sabbath.
How about "workaholism"? There are two problems here that ought to be distinguished. Some people spend a great deal of time working because they need, or at least think they need, the money which they receive for what they do. Actually some people are not paid enough and do need the money that long hours brings in. That is one thing. Another is that some people actually so enjoy what they work at that they want to keep at it. The solution here is to make people do work they do not enjoy so that they will not work at it more than is reasonable. This may be more difficult. Some people enjoy drinking so much that they inevitably do it to excess. They should not drink at all. Should workaholics be warned not to work? Perhaps they might be counseled to change to a job they do not like.
Here's a candidate for the vice opposed to sloth, although it's a term that's guaranteed not to catch on: Hyperopia, an excess of farsightedness, interestingly described in Sunday's NY Times:http://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/10/magazine/10hyperopia.html?_r=1&oref=sl... contrasted sloth (an insufficiency of love) with two classes of vices, either perversions of love (pride, envy, wrath) or excessive love of good objects (avarice, gluttony, lust). His exemplars practicing sloth's contrasting virtue, zeal, included Mary and Julius Caesar. Purgatorio, cantos 17 and 18.
I was going to offer "25/7," but Joe's "workaholism" entry is much better... Immediately recognizable as a disorder.When's the first "Workaholics Anonymous" meeting? My calendar's REALLY tight through March, and I'd like to pencil it in asap.
The difficulty with a neologism or even a popularly accepted word like "wokaholism" is that someone can always simply say, "You're telling me that workaholism is a sin? Who says that? Why should I believe you?" Then you're left stammering something that makes you sound like a low-rent Marianne Williamson wannabe. The word is perhaps a more palatable descriptor to the modern ear, but it lacks the moral authority needed to really challenge people. Heck, I know people who wear "workaholic" as a badge of distinction.I think Patrick's traditional reformulation of my point above, that the opposite vices of sloth are variations on the themes of pride and greed, pack a much harder moral punch because they are backed up by both theological and intellectual tradition. To use a metaphor that might appeal to the company I'm keeping in this box, it seems to me that there's something to be said for appealing to precedent rather than writing new law.
Greg -- thanks for the discussion and the pointer towards your book, which I look forward to reading. I think you're right that I have an overly-secularized understanding of sloth, about which I have read very little. Cathy -- I am familiar with your excellent article, which I commend to all the blog's readers, along with an article by your former colleague Patrick Schiltz on the same topic.Patrick -- I like your proposed vice, but I think Bill and Joe capture more narrowly the phenomenon of working too much, as opposed to the traits of character that cause such behavior, on which you and Greg are more focused. The focus on character is probably more interesting in the long run, and more consistent with our moral tradition, but I like the idea of a sin focused narrowly on work, in the same way that gluttony is (in our popular understanding of the word) focused on food. But maybe that is just wrongheaded, for reasons Greg points to in his second comment.Anyway, thanks to all for participating. I'm learning a lot from this fantastic thread.
For those who like Greek names, try "hyperponeseiosis". The excess is caught "hyper" and "poneseiosis" suggests a desire for toil or hard work. The word is not attested in antiquity, but then maybe no ancient Hellen thought of this as a problem.
I agree with Greg Popcak that sloth should be understood in the sense of the term acedia and that it is a spiritual problem, not simple physical laziness.But I would argue that we won't gain any profit from seeking a term for overwork or whatever this is. The moral problem of overwork is that while working hard appears on its face to be a virtue, no virtue is truly a virtue unless the virtues are unified. This business of trying to identify them individually and in the process segmenting them, is part of the problem.
And then there are the corporate worker bees (usually over the age of 50) who, when they look around at the ever-increasing younger cohorts in the meetings they attend, start to get nervous. They read the articles and hear the comments that they are too old, too inflexible, have out of date skill sets and (of course) are overpaid.These usually are the folks who bought into the cruel middle class myth that getting a college degree and a white collar job would facilitate the trip up the ladder and into a solid, comfortable middle class life.They are at an age in which the most likely have college-age kids, a substantial mortgage, and have gotten used to a certain lifestyle that they dont want to lose.So, they put their heads down, work the longer hours, and worry about what they can do to ensure that they are still seen as being valuable in a world that values youth, vigor and lower salaries, updated skill sets and wages. Experience is too expensive. Each day becomes a case of deliver, deliver, deliver as fast as possible. And dont forget to keep your Blackberry on 24/7 so you can ALWAYS be found.You can call that workaholism if you like. I call it unbridled fear. Fear of losing it all and facing the fact that you more than likely wont be able to easily replicate your comfortable little niche that you thought was yours for being good, obedient, educated girls and boys in the sheltered corporate life.People ask me if I miss working how that I have been retired for 3+ years. My answer is a firm, not only "no" but "hell no!"
This retireee proposes the simple word 'neglect' --- as in neglecting one's physical (and mental?) health, one's family or other loved ones, etc.I can only echo Jimmy's comment: "Hell no," I don't miss so-called "gainful employment" a bit, not one stinkin' bit!My younger brother (mid-50s) routinely puts in 12 hours a day at his desk, not because he wants to but because it's the only way he can keep up with the work that keeps piling up on his desk. He intends to retire for good at age 62.As someone once said, "I've never seen a guy on his deathbed say, 'I wish I'd only worked longer.'"LIfe is too short.
Im a scholar who has worked in the so-called real world for many years (Information Technology), and I have observed workaholism in action. Pace Joseph Gannon, I actually think most workaholics DONT like their jobs. And they arent just in it for the money either. (These are generally workplace nomads, always chasing after the better deal, both in terms of money and the time spent following it.) Rather, workaholics are driven to succeed according to absurdly inflated standards of success they themselves have set up. Everything rides on their self-identification with a career, and their gaining power and reputation in it. They dont see their work as inherently worthwhile. They are textbook obsessives, as Greg Popcak pointed out. They are stressed out and generally miserable, because, to paraphrase Santayana, they keep doubling their effort when theyve forgotten their aim.So, rather than counseling them to change to a job they do not like, I would tell them to find a job they actually do like, but just enough to put down once in a while, so they could take some time to live well. Itll be there when they come back..I
Two footnotes to the discussion:1) Heres a contrarian view on trends in the American workplace, argueing that American workers are experiencing both increasing hours of paid work and increasing hours of leisure. What allow this to happen is that hours of unpaid work are declining. If so Eduardos law students, despite their logging of more and more billable hours, have a decent chance to lead even a fuller life than their predecessors. http://www.tcsdaily.com/article.aspx?id=020706C2) A tangential consideration on sloth can be found in an old essay of Wilfrid Sheed, one of my favorite writers and an erstwhile Commonweal luminary:Every vice has some good in itas for sloth, it is not really all that far from nirvana, the garden of Allah, or Abrahams bosom; it is just a mite premature. Rest in peace, but not yet. I still think it is one hell of a sin. Essays in Disguise.
Being a workaholic can be a sin as most things done excessively. In medio stat applies here. The real problem of immersion into work is avoidance to face other things in our life. Like relating to spouse, children or family. Many get into comfort zones which can be very dangerous. People who are perpetually in school usually are afraid to grow up. That old irascible "St" Jerome said that he immersed himself into studying Hebrew to avoid the temptations of all those Roman damsels he associated with. The Vulgate came out but the person might have lost out.In sum the problem is one of fear of intimacy. Whether emptying oneself before God or others.
Bill, I must say I agree with you. I recall my maternal grandfather who moved from Mt. Vernon, IN (near Evansville) to St. Louis at age 14 to look for work to help support his mother and his younger siblings back home. He was constantly on the go later in life as an industrial insurance adjustor. Work was his life until he retired. Even then, he downplayed the importance of feelings, telling us to ignore them. By coincidence, I just finished viewing the film "5X2" in which the lead male character cannot relate to intimacy. When he gets called at work about his newborn son being delivered prematurely by caesarean, he leaves for the hospital but stops on the way to have a nervous lunch. He then spends time alone in his car. Only when he knows he must finally get to the hospital does he proceed to visit his wife. Even then, she and we sense this man's discomfort with intimacy. At work, he apparently is OK. Not so at other times.Thanks for the insight.


text:
Build Log
FlyRC's Bob Aberle's Boeing L-15 Scout Park Flyer
This is the L-15 that was shown in the March 2009 FlyRC magazine. I've checked and I haven't seen anyone talk about this little plane, nor have I seen any build threads. So...I thought I'd start one
The link to the plans and some of Bob's build pix is here --
My pix are below. I've done a couple upgrades to his design.
1. I ran a carbon fiber rod along the leading edge of the wings to help strengthen the design.
2. I ran a 1/8" balsa sheet inside the fuse from the firewall to the rear compartment. I did this for two reasons:
a) It helped shape the fuse.
b) It strengthened the fuse
I'm going to put hook/loop fastener on it and then build a cover to cover the battery.
3. Instead of simply gluing the landing gear wire to the inside of the fuse, I took two(2) pieces of 1/16" balsa and sandwiched the wire between them. Then I took 1/16" ply and sandwiched the balsa. A lot of 15-min epoxy was used to make sure it was sturdy and well mounted.
4. I'm using an FM receiver on this one. I had one handy. I ran the antenna through and around the inside of the tail-boom. That way no wire shows.
5. I'm thinking of using hinges instead of hinge tape for the controls. Thinking of sandwiching them on the controls with a small piece of balsa. Will let you know how I decide to attach.
While not an upgrade to the design, I did mis-cut the windscreen from the plans. Bob's picks show the side cockpit windscreen cut to be very steep. I actually mis-cut and made it about 45deg. This in turn made the windscreen itself shallower and longer than Bob's. You can see this in my pictures. Especially the ones that show the top of the fuse where the wing joins. There is a long piece of filler balsa between the leading edge and the windscreen. This is wrong...but I'm not tearing it all down to fix it...so I'll live with it.
In the pix, the wing / tail-boom / and horizontal stabilizer are NOT glued together. They're just sitting in place. So if you see anything out of line...that's why. I'll make sure everything is aligned before gluing. I'm planning on covering the wings tonight and making the hatch covers if I have time. I hope to have this thing done by the weekend.
More build pix....
I'm using an ELE I got from BlackdogRC a while back. The EC28PM
Which will be attached to a CC Thunderbird-18 ESC and then I'll be hanging a GWS 6x5 prop. With a Zippy 3S1000 or 3S1300 (I haven't fitted the battery yet). According to BlackdogRC, this should produce about 19oz of thrust at 14A. I'll run the watt meter once it's done. Assuming 14A and the 3S1300 pack, I should be looking at flight times of 5.5 minutes (assuming WOT the whole time. Flight Time = Pack capacity (Amps - not mAh) * 60 / Amps used). I figure half throttle flights since AUW should be close to 12 ounces (minus paint and covering). I'm planning on 10 minute flights.
I'm also thinking of making a secondary hatch under to hold the FlyCamOne camera. Will have to see how the balance works out...but it is an obervation plane, and I think it would be cool if I could rig the camera with a servo tied to the rudder channel -- to move the lens --. I'll wait for it's completion before testing this idea...I made the hatch covers 100% removable, so replacing it with a specialized one for the FlyCamOne would be a non-issue if I can get the balance right.
She's done. I'll post pictures, and maybe a video of her maiden tomorrow. Here is some info --
Weight -- 12.6oz
AUW -- 14.6 oz (includes 3S1000 pack)
Power -- 158 Watt
AMPS -- 13.9 Amp
Estimated flight time -- 7.5 minutes at 1/2 throttle.
Power-to-Weight -- 173 Watts/lb.
Should be interesting
She weights more than the designer's plane for a couple reasons...
1. I'm using a bigger engine
2. I'm using a bigger ESC
3. I covered the entire airplane in finish-cure epoxy. Figured it would strengthen the entire plane, but especially the foam and spackle I used for filler.
4. One coat primer, one coat color, one coat clear-coat.
Okay...a few comments about the pix --
1. I ran out of OD paint...there are a few thin spots. I know...I may fix them when I get back to the store...but in the mean time...think of it as weathering.
2. I ran out of clear-coat. The controls are not clear-coated. Oh well....
3. I went with Hinge Tape instead of hinges. Why? Wanted to get it done and it was faster...and it covered part of the controls so the lack of clear-coat wasn't as evident.
4. The wings are not 100% 90-degs to the fuse. Was a M-A-J-O-R pain to get them aligned while 5-min epoxy kept wanting to leak out of the seams, while trying to keep the control rod to the elevator in place on the servo. Looking at it...I'd say its about 2 deg off. I can live with that. The important alignment...the horizontal and verticals to the main wing are straight...so it should fly straight.
5. Please don't criticize my covering job. I stink at covering wing-tips...those curves screw me up.
6. Be advised...trying to cut out windows from shelf-paper....NOT EASY. Did my best...not the best I've ever seen...but looks good enough to me.
7. Yes...I know the rear wheel is yellow. As I said...ran out of OD paint. Might paint it black....
8. I started building a hatch cover for the battery...may finish it...might not.
9. FYI...the Zippy 3S1000 pack fits the well perfectly. TP 3S1320 should fit as well...will test that one out later.
10. She's nose heavy. Not a lot...but she is. Should be able to add the FlyCamOne in a replacement rear hatch cover (specially designed with a servo, etc. Next part of this build) and keep her balance. More to come one that one.
11. I don't have an US Army decals...nor the means to make (I have a laser printer...not a inkjet). Will keep my eyes out for them.
12. I'm hoping to maiden her today on 25% for the ailerons and 60% for the elevator. No expo. The servos I put on her have given here MASSIVE throws for the ailersons....I'd say about 60deg. W-A-Y too much for this bird on her maiden...so have them tamed down. High-Rates are still 100%
Flight Report
Not the best maiden in the world ... had winds upwards of 10 MPH. I did get it up and down okay (although on landing I did bounce it in...no damage). The wife did video it...but it's not the best...I'm editing now. I may post to Youtube if I can make it viewable.
As for the plane...I think it needs the following tweaks --
1. Re-align control surfaces. Something is off
2. Put a bigger prop on it. Feels under powered at less than 1/2 throttle, and it loses speed quick. Be aware.
3. Put gyro in it on the ailerons to help stabilize it. I like Gyros in my planes...makes them more stable and wind resistant.
4. Put a little left thrust angle on it ... it wants to crab to the right. It could have been the wind....will fly again in zero wind before I do this one.
Here's a video of her Maiden. I know ... it stinks, but better than nothing. I have already made the adjustments mentioned above (minus the thrust angle. And no, I didn't reduce the Aileron size). Hope to fly her tomorrow morning ... suppose to be in the 40's with no wind.
Okay, I got out and flew it again today. **MUCH** better. I'm throwing a GWS 8060 (8x6) prop now, and with the gyro on board....a different plane. Simply flew AWESOME!!!!!!! I went through three(3) packs today --
Zippy 3S1000 = 11 minutes (800 mAh refill from charger)
TP 3S1320 = 12 minutes (I brought it down...still had power to spare..850 mAh from charger)
Zippy 3S800 = 6 minutes (400 mAh on charger)
Flew great great great!!! Couldn't be more pleased. Rolls were nice and axial. Inverted flight was as it should be...requiring a touch of down elevator to maintain level flight. I still have a slight port crab, which is from a straight motor mount...no 3% of right thrust. I'm fixing that tonight. It has great high AOA flight, and I've gotten the landings down perfect.
Recommendations to builders --
1. You want about 25-30deg of control throw on the ailerons. More than that...gets too twitchy! I am now using 40% expo. HUGE difference.
2. If you can get your hands on a gyro...use it. My third flight today was with winds like the video above. 10+ MPH gusting. The Gyro made the wind a non-issue. It literally took off in about one(1) foot of take-off roll. I goosed the throttle..it leapt in the air.
3. Mount the firewall square, and add one (estimated) washer on the port side to create some right motor thrust.
Also, if your going to attempt to scale this plane down, be aware that the plans printed on 24"x36" create a battery well that can accommodate a TP 3S1320. If you go much smaller...you'll either have to redesign the battery tray or use a smaller battery.
I'm going to try and get some more video and post it. I'm building the hatch-cover for the FlyCamOne tonight...hope to have some inflight video tomorrow, with possible ground based video as soon as I can get the wife out there to do it.
To all reading....this has quickly become a very nice airplane that I'm very please to have spent the time and $$$ making. Just make sure all controls are aligned correctly, you have about 30-40% expo, and enough power.
Well, I got the FlyCamOne-2 mounted to a replacement hatch cover. Because of the design of the L-15, the hatch cover lies below the wing, so the CG sits just right. I made the cover so it locks in place in the front and the hatch cover latch secures it in the rear....nice and solid.
This is a temporary design...I want to build a cover that has gimbals and two servos so the camera can move left/right up/down. First things first, though...I have to get this stupid camera working more than 1-3 minutes before it cuts off due to the battery voltage drops. I'm about to crack the case and solder a battery lead off it and hook it up to a 1s pack.
Here are some pix...and a video made via this set up. Please notice how stable it flies and how well...even with an additional 1.6 ounces added.
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Photo Details
in Jamestown, Chautauqua Co., NY
Lyn Hamilton My grandfather, Dominic Coffaro had a brother named Frank and John and Andrew and Anthony and can't remember the rest---from Bagheria Palermo Sicily. They came to Chicago in 1912 and then 1921. Could they be brothers?
Jul 29, 2003 · Reply


text:
hi all ,
before using jetpack, i was using the classik WPSTAT plugin, and with a little php trick, it was possible to display the total visitor's number
now i'm using jetpack, and its impossible for me to go bacl to WPSTAT plugin (it say my account is not authorised)
the question is , how to display this number with jetpack ???


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By Kevin B. Bucknall
Japanese culture is not easy to understand for the Westerner examining it from the outside. It takes many years of study for a foreigner to get a grip on it, be able to understand what is going on, and at least in some cases see why something is happening. I have put together a list of the major components as I understand it but apologize in advance for things that I have missed or imperfectly understood. I am after all only a foreigner. Self-Awareness, the Group, and Conformity The Japanese are one of the most homogenous nations in the world Japan has been isolated by both geography and choice for many centuries so that relatively few foreigners live there. Marrying a foreigner has always been virtually taboo and, although it has started to become a bit more respectable, it is still not encouraged. Some 98.5 per cent of the residents of Japan Are ethnic Japanese and the remainder are mostly Koreans, who often look Japanese to the casual eye. Koreans are one of only two sizeable minority groups resident in Japan, the other being Chinese. Japan possesses a long and rich cultural history although many of the basic elements originated abroad, especially in China. Almost all Japanese are strongly aware and proud of their nationality. There is a deep fascination with the culture, history, and society and it would seem that for many, the proper study of mankind is Japan. The uniqueness is taken for granted and is a strong source of satisfaction. There is a major degree of self-absorption and a widespread interest in questions like "What does being Japanese mean?", "Why has Japan been so economically successful?" and "What should be the role of Japan in the world?" Despite the general homogeneity, there are some minor regional differences; in particular the Eastern areas facing the Pacific Ocean are seen as more outward looking when compared with the parts facing the Sea of Japan. Another important difference exists between Kansai (the old traditional area that includes Kyoto and Osaka) and Kanto, the Tokyo area, which represents modern Japan - accents, art, and cooking styles all differ. The Consciousness of Being Japanese is Part of a Strong Nationalism These deep feelings of nationalism are tapped by Japanese firms which for years successfully sold the idea that imports are generally inferior, are not suited to local habits or lifestyles, or might even be dangerous to health. For instance, many Japanese believe that they cannot eat imported rice without suffering indigestion. Similarly, consumers often used to prefer to buy Japanese products, even if they were more expensive. This was one of several reasons why foreign firms found it difficult to penetrate the Japanese market. The recession that began in 1991 brought unemployment and as belts tightened people began to seek cheaper products even if they were imported. This has allowed foreign firms more access and American cash-and-carry stores have opened. Foreign beef is now actually sought, especially since the arrival of BSE in Japan in 2001. Old habits die hard but the old "buy the best at any price" attitudes have begun to wane. This can be seen in magazines aimed at consumers . once they focused on the best; now they run articles on where to buy cheaply. The Desire to Conform is Strongly Built into the National Psyche It is widely held that it is dangerous for an individual to distance himself or herself from the group: one should do what the others are doing and not buck the trend. There is a well-known folk-saying
Copyright Kevin Bucknall
that it is the nail that stands up that always gets hammered down. You might remember that it is a mistake to try to get a Japanese to act in a way that would make him or her stand out from the crowd. They will often not be able to comply, and if they try to do so, they will feel awkward and resent you for it.
Table 1.1 The strong urge to conform can be seen in things such as: The uniform-like sameness of clothing that is essential in the business world The identical apparel necessary in virtually all sports or leisure activities The sudden sweeping crazes for a single leisure activity The standardized lunch boxes and back packs which schoolchildren carry The identical raincoats worn by children and young students
Harmony in Group Relations is Heavily Prized People go to great lengths to avoid any action that would disrupt the harmony of the group (wa). The effort to keep harmony increases the level of hidden stress and there are usually strong undercurrents and rumours circulating behind the scenes. Perhaps to help defuse the stress of having to constantly behave correctly, Japanese adult males often enjoy reading thick manga comics, some of which feature a hero totally unconstrained by any social mores and contain sex, sadism and violence. You might notice men openly reading them on trains or subways; there is no stigma attached to this. Some Japanese television programs also involve extreme violence or are grossly humiliating to the individual concerned, and probably serve a similar function of cathartic release. Group harmony is everywhere and can be broken in unusual ways, for example, when on a train some Japanese prefer not to have a foreigner join their coach as they feel that it upsets the peaceful harmony of the existing group. There is a vague fear, although not articulated, that foreigners could do something unexpected and this worries people. They will, however, still be polite to you. There is No Strong Class System in Japan Japan moved so rapidly from a feudal society with a strong rural basis to a modern urban industrial society that it avoided the build up of a large working class with an awareness of its identity and bound by feelings of antagonism towards the ruling classes in theoretical Marxist fashion. Consequently, there are few feelings of the "us and them" kind. Despite this, the descendants of the samurai class and old rich families are definitely better placed to get their children into the top educational establishments and from there into positions of authority. It is hierarchy without modern class warfare. Young Japanese Sent Abroad to Study Quite often young Japanese are sent to English-speaking countries like America or England to study. In Japan they are subject to rigid expectations about their behaviour and need to conform; in contrast, while abroad they may engage in extreme forms of dress or dye their hair blond etc. This is
particularly likely if a small group bands together. Each person knows that this is their main chance to be different and express rebellious attitudes. If you have encountered punk or otherwise extreme individuals in your country, be aware that this may not be the norm when they return to Japan. Should you come across one later, working in Japan and dressed very formally, it would be extremely unwise to mention the brief period of rebellion, especially in front of other Japanese. This said, some youngsters in large Japanese cities are starting to dress and behave in ways considered both extreme and offensive by their elders. In major cities you can expect to see youth with coloured hair or curly hair, and wearing lurid clothing, often mixed in somewhat surprising ways. A generation gap has appeared and is gradually widening (see below).
Social Changes
Outside Influences are Strong The Japanese people usually regard their culture as unique, but it is surprisingly eclectic and open to outside influences. The written language came from China and the Buddhist religion from Korea. The Japanese language itself is full of English words which are generally liked and used widely. This contrasts strongly with France, where borrowing foreign words is officially frowned upon and resisted by the state. In Japan, foreign sports and fashions are avidly seized upon and modern technology has been quickly accepted, often improved, and then disseminated widely. If this issue arises in conversation, it would be a good idea for you to praise the flexible way they have used and often improved upon the import. The Second World War is a Touchy Subject In Japan, this is called "The Pacific War". The dropping of the atom bomb, as well as the ultimate defeat, had a major impact on people. The culture has a strong central core which sees things as either being right and proper or else totally wrong; to lose is improper and hence is unacceptable. In addition the Japanese perceive themselves as being generally superior: for an individual to lose at anything is regarded as a disgrace but to lose to a foreigner is an even greater blow to self-esteem. The occupation by the United States immediately after the war was traumatic and struck a severe blow to the accepted image of themselves. It not only underlined the failure, it also brought in by force various Western (mainly North American) liberal institutions and a new Constitution which many resented. As can be imagined, the behaviour of some of the foreign troops was alien and often offensive. As a result, some older Japanese have something of a love-hate relationship with the United States. Note that should the Pacific War or post war period be raised with you (you should never do so), it is customary to refer to the occupying powers as "The American visitors", and you should avoid the words "Occupation" and "Occupiers" as they would not endear you. The Generation Gap A generation gap has begun to open up as younger Japanese start to go their own way, although there is still widespread veneration of the elderly. The older generation is often aware of Japanese atrocities committed in China and South East Asia but ignore and try to repress the memory. In contrast, most of the youth have been deliberately kept in ignorance by the centralized and conformist educational system, which glosses over any reprehensible behaviour and presents Japan as a simple victim of the war. The youth are told repeatedly about the atom bombing of Japan, which is well publicized in an annual commemoration of the bombing of Hiroshima on August 6th 1945. The refusal to depict Japan as anything other than a victim in World War Two began to fray at the edges in the 1990s but still persists.
What are the Youngsters Coming to? A popular topic of conversation among Japanese adults is the behaviour of young people, particularly their questioning of traditional values such as group loyalty and conformity. A small but increasing number of younger Japanese are beginning to act independently and eschew the group. It is possible to meet single Japanese males cycling around countries like Australia, rather than going abroad in groups on organized tours. Even the identification of self with work has weakened a little and a few males are spending more time at home with the wife and children, and will even take more of their holiday entitlement to do this. Many older people worry about such changes in youth and the challenge to traditional values. Some of the elderly condemn the new generation in bitter terms, believing that they are rejecting an essential part of what is seen as "Being Japanese". It disturbs them, for example, that the young no longer bow formally on the street when encountering someone they know, and they worry that selfish individualism seems to be on the increase. This is frequently felt to be a disease imported from the West. The increasing numbers of Japanese studying abroad may eventually speed up the pace of change, including the adoption of new ideas and a more creative approach in business, but so far the young tend to be frustrated by the system and are often eventually forced back into more traditional modes of behaviour if they wish to advance their careers. One significant feature is that a small number of intelligent, well-educated youngsters are no longer following the traditional path of joining a top company and working their way up. Instead, they are choosing to set up their own businesses, particularly in the arts and creative areas. Such people are often the more successful youngsters or at least those who are trying hard. Behind them are unknown numbers of disenchanted youth, unemployed and living off their parents or moving from low-paid job to job. They appear to live to party. With an emphasis on way-out clothing, music and, until magic mushrooms were recently made illegal, psychedelic drug trips, it is very reminiscent of Swinging London in the 1960s or Haight-Ashbury around 1967. It is too soon to know if this trend of disenchanted youth will continue or merely be another short-lived fad.
Art and Culture
Symbolism Matters Much Symbolism goes back a long way and people are constantly on the lookout for it. They will examine the actual words used in conversations and any gestures that may accompany the chosen phrase. It is not only what is said and done that is considered, for people watch for things that are not being done or said and ask themselves why. It is useful to remember a few of the symbols in Table 1.2 (below) because you will come across them and can then make an appropriate comment. Symbolism is often a good topic of conversation if you are stuck. A comment by you about the painting on the wall of the meeting room, for example, might allow you to gain credibility and assist you in your negotiations. It shows that you have done your homework well, without you having to say anything that could be considered boastful or arrogant. More than that, it demonstrates an interest in Japan which most Japanese find hard to resist. In the West, an awareness of seasons and their changes, once so much a part of rural and peasant life that it was taken for granted, has largely disappeared. By contrast, in Japan there is still a strong identification with the periodic flow through the year. Each season brings its own relevant symbol, often drawn from agriculture. For example, such things as the first plum, the first tea, and the first rice are important to many people. They will take pride in buying them and serving them to family and friends, who will be expected to recognize the event as a sort of minor milestone marking the passing of time. As part of a seasonal awareness, most Japanese do not normally swim after August and it might be better if you did not suggest going for a dip after that.
Nature is Beautiful - but Only When Tamed Beauty and nature have a strong place in Japanese traditional culture. As a component of their view of life and the world, the Japanese feel a sort of "ongoingness" in both nature and life, of which they are a part. The Shinto religion with its stress on nature as central and the relatively unimportance of humans when set in the natural landscape is influential here. However, nature in the raw is considered to be only the crude essence and it is essentially too inelegant; man is also a part of nature and should mould it to an even greater perfection.
Table 1.2 Some standard symbolism in the arts Pine tree Bamboo Fern Lobster Carp fish Peach blossom Sweet potato Pine needles Mandarin ducks Long life Constancy and virtue Expanding good fortune Old age Strength and determination (good for boys) Happiness in marriage and the feminine virtues of softness, mildness and peacefulness (good for girls) Struggle of the poor to survive Marital fidelity Marital fidelity
This strong feeling for nature, accompanied by a need to shape it, can be seen in the composition of Japanese paintings; in the way flowers are arranged; or the design and placement of rocks, lakes and temples in parks and gardens. This "take and improve" approach is also evident in the treatment of imported technology. The Memory Can Beat the Actual Event An important part of culture and art was the recollection of a scene or event. This might have been regarded as inspiring at the time, but the memory of the event would often be seen as even more important and make up something truly beautiful. In the past, the recollection could be assisted by the person writing a poem to commemorate and record the main milestones in his or her life. These might include such things as visits to another place, family gatherings, marriages, or the arrival of the first born child. A poem might also be composed as a result of feelings created by something beautiful in nature, such as falling autumn leaves or seeing a mountain spring at dawn. When read years later, the true spiritual beauty of the event is reinforced and solidified, developing a new and deeper meaning. The widespread taking of photographs by Japanese travelling abroad seems to be the contemporary version of writing a poem and may serve a similar need.
Work and Hierarchy
Only The Best Is Good Enough Do note that the Japanese strive for total professionalism in whatever they do. Any task is taken seriously, and is normally done with careful dedication. Employees at all levels are expected to seek perfection and most try to do so. This is true even of low grade workers, who often wear a simple uniform, such as a headband, to show they are a dedicated, hardworking and supportive member of the group. The general attitude is that there is only one way of doing a job properly and it will be followed. Zen Buddhism encourages this view, seeing the world in terms of either right or wrong. A
person should not be wishy-washy and fudge things, but do things properly. If as a foreigner you do something the right way they might see it - but if you do it the wrong way you can guarantee that they will notice at once. The high quality achieved in products such as motorcars, cameras, and TV sets is a manifestation of this dedicated approach. Taking extreme care with details shows in Japanese flower arranging, Japanese gardens, the pretty way that food is arranged on plates, and the sudden group crazes for an introduced Western sport or commodity but which require particular dress or way of using it. The famous Japanese tea ceremony is an example, where the room itself, the simple decoration, the utensils used and even the movements made are precisely defined and must be followed. In Japan, training and education are highly valued, as befits the quest for professionalism and perfection. Training and retraining of workers is a constant feature of many Japanese firms. Hard Work is Regarded as Normal Companies expect their workers to voluntarily give up their evenings or part of the weekend to work or engage in work-related social activities. Hardly any staff members seem to take all of their allotted annual holidays. Lunch times are commonly restricted to half-an- hour and few people will drink alcohol in the middle of the day as it might impair performance. Excluding Australia and New Zealand, in 2003, the Japanese worked longer hours than any other developed nation. Attitudes are weakening over time, for in 1979 the average employed person worked 2,126 hours a year (USA 1,833) but only 1,801 hours in 2003 (USA 1,792) A preference for more leisure time has appeared and Japan is starting to resemble other developed countries. However, differences in recording methods probably underestimate the hours actually worked in Japan which in turn overestimates the convergence.
Gender Roles
Like Thursday's Child, Women's Lib. Still has far to go Japan is not a country where Women's Lib. has made much inroad. Although the Constitution guarantees equality, this does not in fact exist. Japanese males do not regard women as equals and most would subscribe to the view that "A woman's place is in the home". Note that few Japanese males would be interested in hearing about the feminist movement in your country! In Japanese companies, most women are young and engaged in mundane low-level jobs like typing and filing. A demure attitude is demanded of women, and their eyes are generally kept downcast in the presence of men. Few women will voice an opinion even in the unlikely event of being asked. The Office Ladies or "Fragrant Flowers" Young Japanese women in white-collar work are generally known as "Office Ladies" and referred to as "OLs". Their main function is to be young, decorative, well dressed, and fragrant, in order to brighten up the men's workday. In the evening they are expected to engage in mindless and frivolous entertainment. While at work they are only entrusted with minor tasks like making tea for the men and doing the photocopying. They are often expected to get in early to do mundane chores like dusting and cleaning. It is assumed that women will marry and leave work by their mid-twenties, after which they are disparagingly referred to as "Christmas cakes" (She's no good after the 25th!) In many companies a woman must resign if she marries. It is difficult for the intelligent and earnest-minded professional woman to be taken seriously; many of them have to serve a lengthy period of time undertaking mindless repetitive tasks before they can start to rise in their career path. In the business world, male networks are extensive and bonding activities are commonplace, normally being held after work hours or at the weekend. They include attending various sporting activities and going out for an evening's eating and drinking. Women have no place here: this is a hidden but powerful brake on their advancement.
The role of men Men are expected to be married by 35 years of age, i.e., about ten years older than for women. The function of the male is to earn sufficient money to take care of his family, which involves working hard, spending long hours at the company, and gaining promotion. There is little feeling that he should be at home, share in family life, help raise the children, or even love his wife, although he is expected to sire children. Once that has been achieved, he is largely perceived as a mere breadwinner and status-earner for the family. In general, the Japanese males are not really comfortable with modern Western views about the position and progress of women, nor the career-mindedness of modern Western women. To many it seems both alien and threatening. The Power of the Wife In Japan, the power of women is still largely restricted to the home, where they play a major role. They are expected to bear children, and are then responsible for bringing them up, virtually alone. They tend to spoil their children, especially the boys, and make the decisions about their education (although the husband would be consulted). A common term for a wife is okusan, which exactly translates as "Her Indoors", the same term used by Arthur Daley in the British TV show Minder. One of her steady tasks is to do the shopping, as most Japanese prefer fresh food bought daily and the tiny urban apartments allow little space for food storage in any case. Some change in these views is occurring in the new millennium and corner stores are beginning to reduce in number. The wife maintains a tight control over the purse strings: the husband hands over his monthly salary and the wife then gives her husband his daily spending money. This is often presented as indicating that she has real power in the family, but to my mind it really reflects weakness: the husband is never there and so is not able to make decisions about household expenditures. When the wife takes over this responsibility, it allows him to spend even more time away from home, drinking with colleagues and friends and carousing in bars and restaurants. Wifely control over the finances does actually prevent him from spending all his salary outside the house which would result in the family suffering. There is growing dissatisfaction among young women about their status and role, but only a little real change. A few highly competent women have succeeded in politics and business, but they have to be a lot better than the men at their level to do so. The Attitude Towards Women is Definitely Changing – a Bit Such attitudes towards women are still the most common, although there has been some relaxation and changes since the 1980s. A shortage of skilled labour is slowly eroding the traditional view that women have to resign on marriage and especially if they have a child, and a small, but growing, number of women are developing a career path. Younger Japanese in particular are changing their attitudes and becoming less "Japanese" in their views about the proper roles of husband and wife but they can still find it difficult to alter things. Over half of Japanese women are in the work force, but in the main they still occupy the lower positions. The recent recession meant less overtime at work and more time for some husbands to get home early enough to see their children before bed and participate at least a little in household chores. Older married men are still not generally expected to help around the house, cook, clean or shop. With younger couples, husbands are starting to do a bit along these lines, particularly if no outsider can actually see them doing it. The Japanese are not in agreement on whether this is a real and permanent change. Some observers express doubt that the young husbands will persist in helping around the house: they think that when the recession ends the men folk will revert to type and stay late at work or go out drinking with their colleagues. Others feel that it is more likely that they will revert to type after a few years as they grow older in any case. Few married men will take their wives out in the evening for pleasure, and those who do are virtually all young. A surprising change occurred back in 1993, when it suddenly became the fashion for young unmarried women to dress in wild brief costumes that possessed more than overtones of bondage and S & M, and to attend rave clubs after work. This contrasts sharply with traditional demands on women and their demure and silent behaviour while at work. It seems to be part of a changing and increasingly
rebellious attitude on the part of young women. Many of whom cannot yet reach far into the professional job area and are striking out in other directions instead. Yet their apparent rebellion still may involve spending heavily on fashionable and stylish clothing to attract the attention of the males. Some deny this and feel that by 2005, the increasing numbers of young women who dress in ways that look outlandish often do so to compete with each other and to be ultra-fashionable rather than to attract males. Indeed, many males may be put-off by the chosen rather extreme gear. By 2000, with the economy still sluggish and unemployment rising, it became fashionable to wear cheaper clothing, for example from Uniqlo a highly successful chain of stores, although an item from there might often be worn along with an expensive top brand item perhaps from Armani. Such "mix and match" is common. It is difficult to see any sudden change in the general male attitude towards women. It would involve sweeping alterations in the way business is conducted. For example, it would be difficult for a Japanese husband to spend more time with his family and engage in housework. In order to do this, he would have to adjust his attitude towards the firm, and to the person above him, as well as modify his feelings of loyalty to the work group. He might have to leave work before the boss, which is currently hard to imagine, or refuse to go out for a drink with colleagues, also difficult to conceive. This suggests that small adjustments, nibbling away at the edges, are more probable than a rapid and major change, for that would take a revolution in attitudes as well as behaviour.
Laws and Regulations
Over-Regulation Abounds Detailed laws and regulations are widespread in Japan which is a surprisingly bureaucratic society. This is accepted as normal to an extent that would probably be resisted in more individual cultures. Privacy and keeping secrets from the group are not important concepts and the idea that individuals may sometimes need protecting from their rulers is alien. All living in Japan have to fill in detailed forms for the local police station, which keeps the records. In order to do business, you will often find that there are awkward reporting requirements that have to be met. This is part of the belief that much knowledge should be in the hands of the state and it is not designed merely as a form of protection against foreigners, although it may work to that effect. There is nothing you can do but learn to live with it. Oddly, the Law Itself is Not That Important Despite the regulations, the law in an abstract sense is not taken particularly seriously. Rules are followed because group harmony (wa) demands this. Contracts are often ignored, or at least the words used in them are not taken seriously. This attitude towards contracts is slowly eroding as Western ideas are examined and some felt to be useful, but the general attitude persists. Many things are written into contracts because some foreigner insists on it, rather than because the Japanese company thinks it is necessary, or even a particularly good idea. Government Departments "Suggest" and People Jump Government departments are most powerful and a quiet suggestion from one almost has the impact that a law would have in Western society. A firm ignores such official advice at its peril. The state controls companies in indirect fashion, using the approach of administrative guidance. If you are operating a company in Japan, this is worth noting. By the mid 1990s, some minor relaxation of the seriousness with which official hints are taken had begun to appear, but most companies still comply immediately. The most powerful of the departments is the Ministry of Finance which does everything from drawing up the national budget, to raising taxes and supervising the financial sector of Japan. Many agree that its power is too great but, despite efforts, it is proving hard to trim back.
Orders are Followed Japanese tend to obey instructions without hesitation. They do not feel it clever or smart to get away with rule breaking, unlike say in the UK, USA or Australia where this might easily occur if it made sense to do so. In Japan, such behaviour is more likely to horrify than be regarded as sensible or amusing. If you skirt the law or find an ingenious way of getting around some regulation, it would be unwise to mention this to anyone and you should never boast about it.
Other Cultural Features
The Race Issue And Hierarchical Ranking The Japanese view many aspects of their own society in a hierarchical way. One area where this shows is race and there is a strong concern with racial purity in Japan. There is a powerful feeling that Koreans, Burakumin (see below) and Chinese are inferior people. The Japanese attitudes towards them are similar to those of traditional high caste Hindus towards the Untouchables in India. Over 600,000 Koreans live in Japan, having been forced or volunteered to come when Korea was a colony of Japan (1910-45), but they are usually regarded with contempt. A lot of Koreans actually look Japanese and are able to pass, but they are forced to carry ID papers at all times and are discriminated against in a variety of other ways, such as not being allowed to vote or work for the government. Even in Hiroshima, destroyed by an atom bomb in World War Two, the many dead Korean conscripts are not allowed a memorial in the Peace Memorial Park. When a couple wish to marry, both families are likely to hire private detective agencies to investigate the background of the prospective partner. If a report is negative, it is most common for the couple to cancel their plans. In part it is a fear of contaminating Japanese blood and losing the racial purity but even in the case where the partner is one hundred per cent Japanese, there can be much anxiety about the other family's genetic heritage, particularly any mental or physical illness. The general attitude is reminiscent of bloodstock horse breeders in the West. The Burakumin are untouchables who are still regarded with some feeling of horror and are the descendants of ordinary Japanese who were unfortunate enough to work in certain .unclean. occupations, largely concerned with dead animals. They included both those killing animals and those who used animal skins in some way, such as shoe makers. Burakumin are discriminated against in a variety of ways, including employment prospects and marriage partners, but few Japanese are willing to discuss the issue. Remember not to ask questions! The concern with "Japanese-ness" is deep: Japanese who come from the island of Okinawa are held in some contempt for not really being true Japanese. This misgiving extends to the Nisei, those ethnic Japanese who are born and raised abroad. They are not really accepted, trusted, or even liked much, despite possessing racial purity. Somehow they are felt to lack some magic ingredient and are not "proper". A Japanese sumo wrestler born in Hawaii does not really capture the hearts of the masses, as he is not seen as truly Japanese. The same feeling can apply to a Japanese person sent abroad to work for the company: on their return some have found that they are not always fully accepted. Their friends tend to fear that the returned expatriate has lost something intrinsically Japanese or may have picked up some foreign characteristics which have in some way contaminated him or her. They are now too different to be fully-fledged members of the group and will probably remain something of an outsider. Foreign Countries are Ranked - and Some are Rank There is a clear if loosely graded hierarchy in the Japanese attitude towards foreign countries. In this hierarchy, other Asians are often disliked or looked down on, and this easily shades into hatred in the case of Koreans. The Chinese are respected for having provided the source of much of Japanese culture, but are rather despised for not having responded better to the European invasions of the Nineteenth Century, unlike Japan which immediately buckled down and set to work to catch up, and triumphed. Europeans are respected (Japan borrowed widely from them in the last century, especially
from Germany) as are North Americans. The rest of the world is seen as inferior to these two groups of peoples. It is a difficult area to discuss, but on a racial basis, there is a widespread feeling that Negroes are mentally backward and somewhat inferior as human beings. Prime Minister Nakasone probably felt he was commiserating with a friend when he said the intellectual level in the United States was lower than that in Japan because of the presence of Blacks and Hispanics. He was, it seems, disturbed by the criticisms made abroad of his views, and many Japanese did not find it easy to understand what the fuss was all about. It must be admitted that many Japanese are racially prejudiced and just about all are strongly nationalistic, and feel thankful that they are Japanese and not anything else. Interestingly, Japan does not allow dual nationality for any adult: one either is, or is not, a member of the nation. Appearances are Very Deceptive There is a striking difference between appearance and reality in Japan. This is inevitable in a society which places great emphasis on appearance, presentation, politeness and style, while attempting to maintain many feudal attitudes in a modern and democratic world. These old-fashioned attitudes involve strong feelings of social ranking, and include automatic obedience and loyalty to those above. These ingrained views tend to clash with more modern and Western views of equality, as well as traditional ones of group solidarity and at least some participation in decision-making. In order to reconcile possible contradictions and avoid embarrassment, everyone understands that a surface appearance must be maintained, while a different reality proceeds underneath. The words tatemae ((tah-tay-ma-eh), meaning "face" or the image projected to the public, and honne (hone-nay), meaning "real intention", are used to describe this. This split allows the complex system to work and is flexible enough to deal with rapid change. The dichotomy between appearance and reality shows in many areas. The real holders of power are often invisible, even at the highest levels of the nation. In most major companies meetings of staff are constantly held to discuss issues and reach a decision . but everyone present waits for the leader to indicate the preferred view, which they then adopt. As a different example, things may be said which are known to be untrue, but uttering the falsehood prevents someone else from losing face. Related to this, the word "yes" can easily mean "no", "maybe", or even nothing at all. When dealing with Japanese, it is easy to see the appearance but it takes time and skill to delve through to the reality underneath. Experience and sensitivity are required. In similar vein, style, good taste and appearance are most important, often mattering more than substance. It all means that in Japan you can never accept things at their face value and you should try to think carefully about what might be the hidden meaning that lies behind the words you hear. What you are told and what you think you see may not be what you finally get. Education is Confucian - with its Attendant Problems The Confucian approach to education involves much rote learning, discipline, and emphasis on conformity. It often discourages questioning and creative thinking. This is a problem for any modern economy and the Japanese are well aware that they could do better here; there is just no agreement on how. Education is seen as serving a social purpose, such as building a national identity, and molding the young into a desired type of adult, and not as a way of helping individuals to develop their full potential. As a consequence, rigid central control exists, even down to the level of the detailed content of the textbooks used in all schools. There is a fiercely competitive struggle among children to succeed and climb the educational ladder to the finest universities; these are widely recognized and Tokyo University is seen as being at the top. All the institutions at each rung of the ladder are ranked, including high schools, junior schools and even kindergartens. For a Japanese family, it is important to get one's children into a kindergarten that has a good record for successfully promoting its young charges into excellent schools and ultimately to the elite universities. The child is under pressure all the way through, from teachers, peer group and parents, especially the mother. To Western eyes, Japanese children often seem to be
deprived of childhood. Many suffer, and some cannot stand it and crack up; too many commit suicide under the strain. Once at university there is an abrupt change: for most students the pressure is totally removed. It is difficult to fail, and many students tend to drift through doing little or no work, as if they were taking a holiday after the rigorous years of hard dedicated work to get where they are. For many this is a time of developing social skills and contacts. After graduation, the former students buckle down and start to work hard again. A degree from a well-regarded university, at least until very recently, meant a guaranteed job for life, in either a large company or the public service. The recession in the 1990s weakened the likelihood of this, but parental perception has not changed; the strong pressure to force their child to climb the ladder continues. Japan is a Very Safe Country By Western standards there is little crime. Street crime is particularly rare and it is generally safe to walk around all city areas, even the most sleazy, without fear. You might be seriously overcharged in a local bar but are unlikely to be physically mugged or robbed. The Japanese themselves tend to worry about rising crime levels, although there has actually been a fall in many crimes over the last few decades, in contrast with most other modern industrialized countries. Drugs are not a particular problem and until now the only real substance-abuse concerns glue-sniffing among a small minority of youngsters. The offenders are often unskilled and ill-educated, and already see themselves as having failed in life - in a land where every child is dedicated to succeeding and getting into the best university possible. The reason for the generally high level of safety is not the attitude to law, which as an abstract concept is not particularly respected, but a mixture of things like a strong social pressure to conform, a desire not to lose face, and a wish not to bring shame upon parents and family. Another and more formal crime deterrent is the conspicuous presence of neighbourhood policemen who are very familiar with the area and its residents. Local police stations are widely scattered throughout urban areas. A robust sense of local community is also a deterrent against crime. Neighbourhood Associations are common and function effectively as a group binding agent. Strangers stand out and people tend to keep an eye on them. The neighbourhood organization may also maintain a system of a sort of civilian "Duty Officer", to whom people can report any problems. In addition, there is a widespread urban public-address system, with loud speakers mounted on poles, which issue frequent announcements from a local municipal office; this helps to build a sense of community and also strengthens local control. In general, the older areas enjoy a greater sense of community than the multi-storey blocks of flats and the sprawling commuter belts. Shame on you! Shame is taken far more seriously in Japan than in the West. As an example of the seriousness with which shame is regarded, the parents of some Japanese Red Army terrorists actually committed suicide. As another example, in Japan, a manager may choose to punish an underling merely by staring hard at him or her. This actually works and the person would feel humbled and ashamed. Finally, the behaviour of Kamikaze pilots in the Second World War, when they were prepared to face certain death to help the common cause, never fails to amaze Western observers. The horror of the shame involved if they failed to hit the target, even when it meant dying as a result, lurked underneath the more positive feelings of obeying the dictates of group loyalty and sense of face. During negotiations, you might find the Japanese side tries to shame you into making concessions as it works for them and they may think it will work on you. For Working Spaces, Small is Beautiful Land is expensive and observing senior executives sharing an office is quite common. However, they will usually only share with someone of the same status; the all-pervasive hierarchical view of society prevents those above dealing equally with those below. It is common to see several vice-presidents
in one tiny area, whereas in the West, each would probably insist on having his or her own rather splendid office. This sharing of working space has the benefit that people know what their colleagues are doing and information passes quickly and easily between people. The notably high noise level that results does not seem to cause a problem for most Japanese, who have perhaps got used to it in the small, cramped dwellings in which many live, and their unusually heavy involvement in watching TV and listening to the radio. Homosexuality is Not Discussed Homosexuality has been tolerated in Japan, but it was never considered a fit topic for discussion and until recently was kept underground. A change is under way and back in the summer of 1994 the first-ever gay parade by lesbians and gays was held in Tokyo. AIDS is still not something that is openly discussed and it is often presented as solely a disease of foreigners. It is known that hospitals frequently do not inform sufferers with HIV that they are infected but because condoms are widely used in Japan (contraceptive pills are banned), AIDS has not spread quickly. You are unlikely to face a discussion about AIDS, but if it arises, you should not be surprised if foreigners are blamed for the whole thing! You might feel that polite sympathy is in order. Public "bad manners" can contrast sharply with private politeness For some reason, certain acts are more tolerated in public than in private which strikes some Westerners as very strange. For example, if you live in Japan for any period of time, it would be unusual not to have seen some man urinating or vomiting in a public place. This would be regarded as disgusting in most Western countries, but such behaviour is regarded as reasonable in Japan, as long as it done is in a public place and not, for example, in someone else's garden. Drunks Occupy a Special Place in the Culture Many Japanese seem to regard them tolerantly or with some amusement, even when they are rowdy. A sort of "stage drunk" appears in quite a few Japanese movies and despite the character being unreliable, untrustworthy, or possibly a thief, he is normally presented in a humorous and understanding manner. It is acceptable, probably desirable and really inevitable that you become drunk while doing business in Japan. When you are invited into a Japanese group and they are drinking heavily, you are expected to do the same. Under such circumstances, not to join in enthusiastically would be to let the side down and do your reputation considerable harm. Some of the drunks you will see in the street are highly respectable businessmen on their way home after a social business session with the boys. They are not the lager louts of some Western societies or skid-row residents with a bottle in a paper bag staggering along looking for a doorway to sleep in. The Name of the Emperor You might sometimes encounter a blank look if you refer to the current or any earlier Emperor by his name. This is because when a Japanese Emperor ascends the throne, he always chooses a name for his ruling era, and the counting of his reign starts with "Year 1" of that era. An occasional pause before you get a reply is because Japanese think of and refer to the name of the era rather than the Emperor as a person. When an emperor dies, he loses his own name and henceforth is referred to by the name of the era. The deceased Emperor Hirohito is now known as the "Showa Tenno", and not as Emperor Hirohito, because he is the Tenno of the Showa era. He was of course older than the name of the era which now refers to him. People are Generally Optimistic and Look on the Bright Side Perhaps because of the influence of Buddhism which emphasizes impermanence and the normality of suffering, most Japanese people tend to expect progress and improvements. After a bad event, such as a building being destroyed, many will tend to say that the new one will be better and more enjoyable than the old. There is a fatalism about the culture but it is not pessimism. This shows in
successive official pronouncements about the long-running recession that began in 1991 – there were a lot of announcement about it ending before the economy really began to pick up! White Gloves are a Form of Polite Dress in Some Occupations You will notice workers such as airline pilots, many police officers, bus and cab drivers, all staff working on trains and some politicians wearing white gloves. These are considered to be a badge of cleanliness, purity and professional respectability. Many of the heroes in manga comics and action video games are also depicted wearing them, presumably to look smart.
Concluding Words
Japanese culture is wonderfully rich and splendidly ancient; my words above are at best a superficial introduction and do not fully do justice to this amazing culture. There is much to be said that remains unsaid and this short presentation should be considered to be a somewhat bald description of the main building blocks of society as I see them. If occasionally it sounds harsh, if I have missed out important elements, or over-stressed some parts, I apologize. I love this culture and my one regret is that I stumbled across it a lot later in life than I might have.
(Extracted and adapted from Kevin Bucknall, Japan: Doing Business in a Unique Culture, Boson Books, North Carolina, USA, 2006, Chapter 1.)
Thank you for buying Going to University: the Secrets of Success, 2nd edition 2009, from the publisher, Kewei Press, UK, which meant that you received the bonus CD and this article. Good luck at your university or college - and in life!
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Macy's To Anchor West O'ahu, HI Mall
Wednesday June 4th, 2014 - 11:34AM
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Macy's, Inc. has signed an agreement that will make one of its store the anchor for the Ka Makana Ali'i mall in Kapolei, West O'ahu, HI. The store is scheduled to open in mid 2016.
Macy's will occupy a 103,000-square-foot, one-level location in Ka Makana Ali'i, offering a full range of apparel and accessories for women, men and children, as well as home merchandise. Macy's currently operates 17 stores in HI, including eight on the island of O'ahu. The new Macy's store is expected to employ about 180 associates, the retailer maintained.
With 1.4 million square feet on 67 acres, Ka Makana Ali'i, will be the first all-new regional shopping center built in Hawaii in more than 30 years, the retailer pointed out. The mall plan calls for Macy's to be the largest single retail tenant in the center. When completed, Ka Makana Ali'i will be among the largest shopping centers in the state, Macy's noted.
"West O'ahu is a vibrant marketplace for residents, tourists and military families, and Macy's will be the first fashion department store in this area," Peter Sachse, chief stores officer/Macy's, stated. "It will be a great place for us to serve customers with a tailored merchandise assortment and shopping experience that meets the needs of Hawaii's residents and visitors. We look forward to being part of this very special community."
Tags: Macys • Ka Makana Ali i • Hawaii • West Oahu • department store news • retail • home • housewares • Housewares • Cookware & Bakeware • Vacuum Cleaners/Electric Cleaning • Health & Personal Care • Home Décor • Home Environment • Small Electrics • Organization & Cleaning • Tabletop • Gadgets & Kitchen Tools • Retail •
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5 Reviews
Wonderful recipe. It was so flavorful. I used fresh tomatoes instead of tomato paste it was still really good.
Delicious! Just the right amount of heat. The chicken was tender and had lots of flavor. Served with basmati rice.
Great dish. I only did one breast but made the entire sauce recipe. Will save it for later this week and all I will have to do is the chicken. Served with rice and naan. YUM
What a delicious recipe. I use a bit more spice than called for. Someone told me I cook with the heart and soul of an Indian woman.
I made this recepie several times and everytime for guests, everybody loves it. I was also told it tastes pretty authentic by somebody from India. I would highly recommend it.


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To the Editor: Dr Mohr1
and Mr Gostin2 provide useful insight on
medical malpractice and medical error. Other commentators also have expressed
concern that malpractice litigation does not adequately reduce error in our
health care delivery system.3 However, none
of these authors discuss the ethics of physicians who serve as expert witnesses.
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The farebox will accept coins with the exception of pennies and will automatically count and display the amount as it is inserted. Paper money ($1, $5, $10 and $20 denominations; Canadian and US), will also be accepted.
Exact cash fare only on board any bus, operators cannot make change..
You can even add value to your i-Ride Pass Card on board any bus. You can also visit the Bus Terminal, City Hall or the MacBain Centre. If paying by Debit or Credit Card you must one of these locations. The buses accept cash only and do not provide change.
High School Student Semester Passes are $216.00 (13-19 years old).
Valid Brock Student ID for the current School year provides unlimited rides on all Niagara Falls Transit Buses. (Brock ID must be validated) see Student Union Rep for more information.
If you need to take another Niagara Falls Transit bus to get to the Niagara-on-the-Lake (Glendale) bus departure point, pay the $3.50 fare and get a transfer. There's no need to pay twice.


text: A few months ago i've written a topic about how you can share users on 2 different blogs(http://wordpress.org/support/topic/116181). But it seems it doesn't work on 2.3 (when I'm trying to login after i done the trick i've written earlier i'm getting a error about cookies). Does anyone know how you can do this?


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Ubiquitous tourist tat of Scotland: A tam o'shanter hat (a kind of tartan beret with a pompom in the middle) with ridiculous red hair attached to it, designed to make tourists look like they are trying to blend in with mythical highland natives.
Also known as a See You Jimmy hat.
Also known as a See You Jimmy hat.
Get that fuckin' daft Jimmy hat off yuir head, ye twat. D'ye want tae get us beat up?
by Fergus Ray Murray May 17, 2007
Trending Now
Top Definition
A Prophylactic, or condom
be sure to wear a jimmy hat
by JBlaine September 25, 2005
A complex device that can help prevent both overpopulation and intercellular war. This device can come in many different varieties - such as slippery, bumpy, and strawberry.
In other words, a condom.
In other words, a condom.
Make sure you always wear a Jimmy Hat while wildly thrusting into the subject of your lust.
by Orange Dingo December 29, 2005
A jimmy hat is slang for a condom.
Before you dip your stick, put on a jimmy hat.
by Kahn.no May 25, 2005
This is another word for condom
"All the times I should have worn a Jimmy-Hat. All the times I said "what the fuck"" - nofx
by fatmike February 12, 2003
Another term for condom
Hey man, do you have any jimmy hats?
by Book 29 March 18, 2005
A condom. Great word to use when asking a guy if he has a condom and you don't want the chick that you about to shack up with to know what you're talking about.
James put on a jimmy hat before he his girlfriend jumped on for the ride of her life.
Scott took off his jimmy hat before he skeet skeet skeeted all over her g-unit.
Scott took off his jimmy hat before he skeet skeet skeeted all over her g-unit.
by Kyle J. P. May 26, 2006
Condom, rubber
The bitch looked kinda nasty so I made sure I was wearing my jimmyhat when I was fuckin' her.
by Anonymous July 09, 2003


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Unity Day
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Unity Day may refer to:
- Unity Day (Burundi), a holiday in Burundi on February 5
- Unity Day (Kazakhstan), a holiday in Kazakhstan on May 1
- Unity Day (Leeds), a free open air festival in Leeds in early August.
- Unity Day (Philadelphia), a celebration in August in Philadelphia
- Unity Day (Russia), a holiday in Russia on November 4
- Unity Day (Tajikistan) a holiday in Tajikistan on June 27
- Unity Day (Vanuatu) a holiday in Vanuatu on November 29
- Unity Day (Yemen), a holiday in Yemen on May 22
- Unity Day (Zambia), a holiday in Zambia on the first Tuesday of July
- Unity Day (Zimbabwe), a holiday in Zimbabwe on December 22
- Day of National Unity, a holiday in Georgia to commemorate the April 9 tragedy.
- German Unity Day
- Hungary National Unity Day (A nemzeti összetartozás napja), a holiday in Hungary on June 4
- Rashtriya Ekta Diwas, National Unity Day for India
See also[edit]
- Union Day (Romania), a holiday in Romania on December 1
- Unification Day (Bulgaria), a holiday in Bulgaria on September 6
- Day of Unity of Ukraine, a non-public holiday in Ukraine on January 22
|This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Unity Day.
If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.