text:
Crikey Group Subscription
Every year, Club Troppo econoblogger Nicholas Gruen organizes a group subscription to Crikey. If you're interested, check it out here
Every year, Club Troppo econoblogger Nicholas Gruen organizes a group subscription to Crikey. If you're interested, check it out here
Because of writing and travel commitments, I'll be blogging less frequently for the next few months. I'll try to put up some open threads – please keep discussion on these threads civil and friendly, so that I don't have to intervene in their management.
I've seen this kind of article many times but is it correct? I'd say that I've generated several million words in papers, newspaper articles, blog posts and so on since I got my first Mac in 1984 (a bit over 100kw/yr for 25+ years, for something like 3 million), and also attracted maybe 10 million more in blog comments (over 100k of non-spam comments. Of that, I've lost
* a fair bit of material I produced before 1990, when hard disk space was v expensive, and stuff had to be stored in various external disk formats. Sadly that includes my first econ theory book and a book of satirical songs I turned out in the 198s0
* The first year or so of comments on my blog in the now-obsolete Haloscan system.
* The blog has also suffered a lot of linkrot, including internal links to its older incarnations
* A lot of my older text is in formats that can now only be read by extracting a text-only format, and some old stuff (eg pre .qif financial records) is in formats that are no longer readable in any way. But again, that's mostly a problem with pre-1990 stuff.
Compared to my slightly obsessive desire to preserve every revision of every piece I've ever written, those are substantial losses. But compared to my paper records, my digital stuff is almost perfectly complete, not to mention instantly accessible and searchable.
I've been very gratified by the number of my fellow economists who've come to my defence[1] following the attack on me in the Oz. Among the first was Joshua Gans at Core Economics. I wrote to thank him, but haven't got around to a public mention. Now that I am around to it, it's a good opportunity to mention that Core Economics is a great blog, where quite a few of Australia's leading economists (aka my mates) hang out. Go and read some of the posts.
fn1.* With notably rare exceptions * (I'm (ab)using this blogmeme ironically), any members of the profession who agreed with the hit have kept pretty quiet about it
Not exactly, but Paul Krugman, writing in his NY Times blog, has backed me up in my latest stoush with the Murdoch Press, as has Brad DeLong. As Paul says, this kind of attack is a badge of honour.
I'm taking a break until after Easter. I hope that, by the time of my return, the performance problems that have been affecting the blog will have been resolved. In the meantime, best wishes to everyone for a happy and safe holiday.
I've finally decided to move this blog from its current hosting service (who inherited me from a smaller service they took over) to Jacques Chester's Ozblogistan which is home to many of the leading Oz political-economic blogs these days. The first attempt at the weekend didn't go so well, taking the blog offline for a while. But I'm hopeful we'll manage the transition and that service will be greatly improved in the long run.
I recently banned commenter "Charlie" for the suggestion that Queenslanders deserved to suffer from the floods because we didn't build enough dams. Immediately, a new commenter "Henry Maltby" sprang to Charlie's defence claiming, among other things to be a recent arrival in Queensland, considering study at UQ. The behavior patterns were suspicious enough for me to do an IP check that revealed, unsurprisingly, that Charlie and Maltby were the same person, with an address in Adelaide (I have my suspicions, as to who it is, but nothing definite). For any site-owners who don't like abusive sockpuppeteers, the IP address to look for is 184.108.40.206.
Any sockpuppeteer is, by definition, a liar and fraud. But Charlie/Maltby also told numerous specific lies, and explicitly pretended to be two different people (rather than merely reappearing under a new name). And, as well as being a liar and fraud, s/he/it's obviously a fool – too dumb even to spoof a fake IP address.
Update While Charlie/Maltby has been trolling here, Tim Curtin has been emailing me in an apparently civil fashion, and he sent me another email shortly after this was posted, admitting to it. It was, in any case, a very simple matter to check that he is using the same IP address as the sock puppets.
Hi everyone, The blog has been down for a few days due to a server failure, but that's fixed now. I'm currently on the road, so posting will be light for a while.
Anyone who's spent time in the blogosphere has seen it happen, and most of us have been on the wrong side of it once or twice. A blogger or commenter says something silly, gets called on it and doubles down. Before long, they are engaged in meta-disputes about who said what about whom. As the flame war escalates, all sense of proportion is lost, and innocent remarks produce threats of litigation. Somewhere along the way, Godwin's Law comes into play. If the process runs its full course, the blog in question is taken down (but of course the Internet never forgets), or the commenter identity is abandoned, leading to suspicions of sockpuppetry when someone with similar style and opinions turns up.
Of course, most of us stop before it gets that far. The wisest and most gracious recognise error, thank those who set them straight and may even emerge with an enhanced reputation. Those of us not quite as sensible stump off in a huff before making complete fools of ourselves.
But some go all the way. That's sad for a blogger, but disastrous in the case of a national newspaper.
Update It appears that the problem may have been related to the server, and fixed by some emergency maintenance at Joyent. If anyone is still experiencing errors or slow loading, please advise me (assuming you have enough access to read this). Conversely, I'd appreciate confirmation in comments from readers for whom the problems have been fixed.
Problems with access to the blog have re-emerged. I will post via http://johnquiggin.posterous.com until they are resolved. Posts should propagate here in due course, but readers may prefer to visit the posterous blog.
My last post responding to Paul Howes led me to this piece by him in the Daily Telegraph, denouncing anonymous Internet commenters for their unfair attacks on politicians, with specific reference to Joe Tripodi. I don't want to spend too much time on Tripodi, but my non-anonymous view is that he is a prime representative of the type of cronyism that has ruined the NSW government, and also of the culture of impunity which has led so many members of that government to sail close to (or over) the edge on matters of personal and financial propriety. Moreover, his political views aren't noticeably different from those of, say, Peter Costello. Howes' observation that
Tripodi is a nice and fiercely intelligent man, in real life. He loves his family and he loves public policy. He's been described by another paper as 'the smartest man' in NSW politics
doesn't (for the relevant values of "nice") contradict this assessment in any way. Tripodi's resignation is welcome and would have been more so a year ago, when it might at least have saved Labor from a landslide.
Coming to the notion that anonymous comments on blogs and Twitter are making life impossible for politicians, I have a couple of thoughts
First, what's mostly happening is that things that would have once been said at the pub, and heard only by those present are now out in cyberspace, easily detectable by Google. Some of that stuff is nastier than most people are used to hearing, or seeing in print, about themselves. That's part of life for bloggers as well as politicians. On the other hand, politicians have long used, and on occasion abused, the privilege of saying what they like about anyone in Parliament.
Second, as regards anonymity, I'd be more impressed by these complaints if journalists and politicians hadn't long since developed their own self-serving culture of anonymity. I don't know anything specific about Joe Tripodi's media contacts, but he'd be an unusual politician if he'd never gone on background to bag out his political opponents or (very likely) his Labor colleagues. This kind of cowardly dirt-dishing, which forms the basis of much political journalism is the opposite of the principled, and personally risky, whistleblowing that journalists like to invoke when they defend their own use of anonymous sources.
See also: Andrew Elder on Howes and a similar whine from Leigh Sales.
I just got an automated message from my hosting service saying my bandwidth limit had been exceeded. I'm not sure what this means, but it's possible the blog will go off air without warning. In the meantime, please don't download any big files, and use the RSS feed if you want to check the site regularly. I will see if I can get the comments feed working again.
If the site goes down, I'll post directly to Posterous
As I've mentioned a few times, the Oz is extremely sensitive to blogospheric criticism. In response, its typical MO has been an unsigned editorial, or a piece by a 'staff writer', in which unnamed and unlinked (but easily identifiable) bloggers are castigated for their sins. Typically, the piece ends with a flourish of bravado, in which the brave, though anonymous, editorialist, backed only by the multi-billion dollar resources of News Corporation, pledges to carry on in defiance of the powerful, but unnamed, bloggers arrayed against it.
The script has been reversed, however, in the case of Grog's Gamut, a pseudonymous political blog which made some useful contributions during the election campaign. Apparently acting under the misconception that public servants aren't allowed to engage in political activity, Oz journalist James Massola took on himself to out the blogger concerned. He works in the film section of what was the Department of Environment, Heritage, Water and the Arts, which suggests that the potential for political activity to compromise his public service role is, shall we say, limited.
There are still some decent journalists working for the Oz, but the paper itself is a sad joke. On the other hand, as Steve Hind observes, the downmarket spiral of the Age and SMH (at least in their online versions) means that there is not much competition.
Hi all,
I'm about to close down comments for the duration. Anyone who would like to continue discussions is welcome to start up a blog or maybe some sort of social media site – email me and I will link to it.
I've been meaning to give some recommendations for alternative blog reading. Apart from the big group blogs (like Larvatus Prodeo, Club Troppo and Crooked Timber) you can find interesting reading from some of the smaller ones like David Horton, Tim Lambert and Gary Sauer-Thompson, or just stroll random through the blogroll.
I'll be doing occasional posts here and there possibly including Crooked Timber, Crikey, The Drum and The Daily Bludge (http://dailybludge.com.au).
See you all in September.
With various commitments, I've been finding increasingly difficult to post to the blog, moderate the comments section and so on. Unfortunately, my commitments are only going to increase over the next few months, so I've decided to take a three-month hiatus, until early September. According to my current plans, I should have plenty of free time to return, refreshed and ready for more by then. No doubt things will turn up to derail those plans, but hopefully I will still be less busy than I am now.
Possum at Pollytics reports that Andrew Leigh, economist and blogger has won Labor preselection for the seat of Fraser. A great choice by the preselectors.
I've just edited several comments from sockpuppets 'Julia' and 'Colin' posting Liberal Party talking points. Both posted using IP 18.104.22.168, then 'Julia' switched to another one, also in the range 114.78.2x.xxx. Spurious email addresses [email protected] and [email protected] Anothe commenter advises 'Julia' has been seen at LP.
If anyone can out these pests, I'll happily publicise the results.
I did a couple of interviews earlier this week on South Australian legislation banning anonymous blog comment on the forthcoming election. The same idea came up at the Commonwealth level after the last election and I testified against it at the Parliamentary inquiry – they decided not to go ahead. This time around, the result has been the same. Facing a storm of protest, the SA government has backed down.
For me the big change that came with the last decade was blogging. I started in 2002, and it's been a big part of my life (sometimes too big) ever since. So, when it came to review the decade, the obvious place to look was the Wayback Machine, which captured my old blogspot blog on 27 July 2002. Looking at the blog as it was then, two things jump out at me
* Looking at the blogroll, I feel like the last of the Mohicans. The bloggers of those days have nearly all retired, and almost no-one runs a solo blog like this one anymore.
* I'm singing the same song now as I was all those years ago. The top post on the page is about how the financial crisis has discredited the efficient markets hypothesis, trickle down economics, privatisation and so on. Of course that was the dotcom financial crisis of 2000-01. I think a few more people are paying attention this time around, but we will have to wait and see.
The blog has been patchy for some time, and down altogether for several days. I've installed the WP Supercache plug in on the advice of my hosting service. I'd appreciate any feedback (+ve or -ve) on whether people are still having problems getting to the page and any suggestions from WordPress experts on other possible measurs.
I've started doing occasional posts for a new venture, Asian Correspondent. You can find me here. Only occasional, so RSS is probably the way to go.
Another "Internets makes you stupid story" from the Brisbane Courier-Mail (irony detector overload alert !!).
The original source is something called the Levitt Institute and the Courier-Mail story is a pretty fair summary of the Levitt Institute report, which is here (PDF). I'll leave the deconstruction as an exercise for readers, with a bonus mark for the question "Which basic concept of classical hypothesis testing is ignored in this study of 'ability to detect erroneous information'"
Update xxx ????? sex ????? ?? ??????? Sucked in! It turns out the whole thing is in fact a hoax by Andrew Denton's new show.. Sad to say, with the irony detector already blown, it's hard to tell the difference between genuine and fake stupid. ??????? ?????????
Here's my piece from the Fin on Thursday
Gov 2.0* is an interesting exercise in trying to use new communications technology (Web 2.0) to promote the public good. Blogger and economist Nicholas Gruen is running the show (or playing a big role anyway) and is looking for tenders on a variety of issues. Take a look.
* To anticipate the standard joke, I'll be waiting until the 2.1 release.
A combination of work, travel and my book commitment means that blogging here will be light for the next few months. I plan to post excerpts from the book in progress, and I'll try to put up open threads from time to time.
From Christian Kerr in the Oz today
BLOGS attack newspapers all the time. It's rarer for a broadsheet to launch into an ezine.
I've had an increase in disruptive troll comments here and at Crooked Timber, and have now discovered that a large number of them appear to be from someone who has posted here and elsewhere in the past as "John/Jack Greenfield". I discovered it when "Greenfield" put up a comment at Catallaxy identical to one posted by a trollish commenter here posting as "S. Haines". I challenged Haines on the point and he/she/it promptly disappeared. An IP check has now revealed numerous similar trolls several of whom had already been banned. The list includes:
S. Haines
Phyllis P.
Jake Bowden
Belgian Dentist
Milton Keynes
Mark Milankovitch
Ian. Mc
IP numbers vary, but all begin with 203.171.192 or 203.171.195. If any of the above want to dispute their sock puppet status, they are welcome to email me. Bloggers who don't wish to encourage trolls, sockpuppets and other such lowlifes are welcome to contact me for further details, and are urged to ban "Greenfield" and associated socks.
Blogs kill books. At least, that's what I always thought. Between 1988 and 2000, I wrote four1 books and edited a couple of volumes. In 2002, I started blogging, and I haven't done a book since then.
But, in the mysterious way of things, it turns out that blogs generate books, or at least book contracts. In comments at Crooked Timber not long ago, Miracle Max wrote
The discredited ideas theme really needs a book, and JQ appears to be the ideal person to write it.
I will even contribute the title: "Dead Ideas from New Economists." No charge.
Brad DeLong picked it up, and a couple of days later I got an email from Seth Ditchik at Princeton University Press suggesting that it really would be a good idea. Now, we have a contract, and we're going to use Max's suggested title.
The sacking of Dan Froomkin by the Washington Post reminds me a remark attributed (IIRC) to Auberon Waugh on being told that Randolph Churchill had undergone the surgical removal of a tumour that turned out not to be malignant.
It is a marvel of medical science that they could first locate the one part of Randolph that was not malignant, and, having found it, immediately remove it
More from the ever-growing Wapo fan club.


text:
Hi, Lance,
You need to include some details. I checked the tree you have on this site and all I can see are people whose data is private.
A quick search online finds two Lance Ashford BENTONs born in CA. One born in 1987 whose mother's maiden name was SOOTH and one born in 1954 whose mother's maiden name was DOWNEY. There's also a Lance A. BENTON born in 1965 whose mother's maiden name was HOWE. I'm guessing that the youngest one is you and one of the other two is your father.
Since the most recent census available is 1940, tracing further back would require the names of your grandparents.
My second great grandfather Frank Preston Connolly was buried in Berkely, Alameda, California, USA. I have not found any information validating that he was buried in Berkely, Alameda. Frank Preston Connolly was born in Ireland in 1870 and married Jessie Rena Tapp Butler in Mendota, Fresno, California in 1898. I am told he died in 1906 in Placerville, El Dorado, California. Can you help me find information on his buriel in Berkely, Alameda, California?
I am tring to find all I can to help save the ranch and house of Valentin Alviso and Josefa Livermore Alviso.
Love to hear form anyone interested or with information!
My great Uncle, Frederik Vilhelm Throndsen migrated to the USA in 1875 and resided in Berkeley, Alameda until his death on 9 May 1940. He was born on 20 November 1858 in Oslo, Norway. Frederick William Thronsen and Fred Thrunsen - these names appear in newspaper articles and the 1910 and 1920 US Census records. 1920 Census states residence: Oadland Township, City of Berkeley, Precinct 72, Alameda, California. In America he married Anna N Nielsen and they had 5 children, Harry, Alexander, Lulu M, George and Annie. Frederik was known under the names:
Harry was born 1885 and died in 1940 In Alameda. Also appears in records as Harry Thrunson. He married Emma, who came from Germany, sometime after 1906 in California.
Alexander, also appears in records as Allie Frederick Thronsen, Alec Thrunsen and Alexander Thrunson, was born on 14 Jan 1887 in California and died on 6 Aug 1954, Alameda, California.
Lulu M was born in September 1888 but I haven't been able to find any other records about her.
George was born on 9 Jan 1892 and died on 16 January 1957 in Alameda, California. United Ststes Census of 1910 & 1920 states residence: Oakland Township, City Of Berkeley, Precinct 72, Alameda, California.
Annie Throndsen was born on 1 August 1894 and died on 22 March 1896 - I found a newspaper article about her death.
It seems the Throndsens were fairly well known in Berkeley, Alameda in the late 1800s.
I have not been able to find any other records about these people nor about any descendents. Can anyone help me?
Would love to hear from you.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
I'm trying to set up an rss2 feed for a category.
It's working, but I've noticed the feed name does not get named after the category, but rather the blog.
I thought the feed got named after the page title?
The title of my blog pages are generated in the header.php like this:
<title>My Blog<?php wp_title(); ?></title>
This seems to work fine when viewing posts by category using a url like this:
So the the page title is:
My Blog >> My Category
All well and good, BUT, if I click on the feed link:
<?php echo '>Feed Link
The feed DOES NOT get named
My Blog >> My Category.
How can I get the feed to include the categroy name?
Thanks in advance.


text:
I really wouldn't mind that being the case, everything else is perfect, which is why I'm worried
Oh the 3rd is still running?
Too many bars.
Feel like I'm on a pub crawl in Sheffield again.
I'd excuse it if you'd all be wearing costumes. Last time I ended up dancing with a Misty from Pokemon in some nightclub.
Took me a year to even find that nightclub again.
Hurry keep posting so it gets to 1001 pages, FIGHT THE POWA


text:
503,345 deals (and counting)
from around the web, shared and ranked by a community of deal fiends like you.
Go to Deals.Woot.
Don't think I've had this one. Any comments?
Woot Cellars Quaffmor 2010 Sauvignon Blanc 6-Pack
2010 Woot Cellars Quaffmor Sauvignon Blanc
fogtower wrote:Don't think I've had this one. Any comments?
Lots of notes here
I believe this is $10 less than before.
Both the wife and I like this one. Clean, easy to drink white. Nothing exceptional, but I have never had a Woot Wine I didn't like, and this is no exception.
If I remember correct, melon, a bit of lemon rind....but it has been a while.
Been hoping to get more Tøøthstejn. Given the last 2 offers are Woot Cellars I am somewhat optimistic. Fingers crossed...


text:
Kings Park Lady Knights looking for scrimmages on June 23rd and July 7th and July 21st.
I have a field and we can get an ump or umpires. 2 games will be played. We are a low/mid B team.
Call Coach Tony at 646-4346-0783 or email me at email@example.com
We might also be looking to put on a 4 way scrimmage at our field with one of those dates above. Cost would be around
200-250 per team which pays for umpires, extra port a potty and field liner (fields will be relined after every game)
ACTIVE is the leader in online event registrations from 5k running races and marathons to softball leagues and local events. ACTIVE also makes it easy to learn and prepare for all the things you love to do with expert resources, training plans and fitness calculators.


text:
Possible Duplicate:
What is the Linux command to find out hardware info?
I need a tool for Linux to view my computer's hardware details while I'm logged in.
For example, hardware details like:
- Laptop Serial No
- Processor
- RAM Capacity
- HDD Capacity
- IP Address
- Wireless MAC Address
- Ethernet MAC Address


text: Posted March 18, 2009 again...you're being serious You liberals are a fickle bunch. I pay my bills btw...and my charitable donations exceed that of Biden. Don't know what Obama did. I'm calling you on this one....Sean Hannity says that Joe Biden is "the gift that keeps on giving." Share this post Link to post Share on other sites


text:
"Heathers: The Musical": Single Admission
New World Stages • New York, NY
Performances Begin March 15
What you get
- Two Ticketing Options
- Seating in Orchestra or Front Mezzanine Depending on Availability
- Performance Dates Begin March 15 at New World Stages
If you love croquet matches, black comedy, and scrunchies, "Heathers: The Musical" is for you. Based on the 1988 film starring Winona Ryder and Christian Slater, this new musical concerns Veronica, a high-school outcast trying to make it amidst a group of popular girls all named "Heather." The musical, which boasts choreography from Emmy-winner Marguerite Derricks and music and lyrics from the team behind "Legally Blonde," enjoyed a sold-out premier in L.A. earlier this year. Snag tickets while you still can and choose between two sets of dates. "Heathers: The Musical" begins March 15 at New World Stages.
Choose between two ticketing options, including:
• $45 ($75 value) for one orchestra or front mezzanine ticket for select dates between March 15 and 30
• $55 ($95 value) for one orchestra or front mezzanine ticket for select dates between April 2 and May 5
Like the cult movie to which it pays homage, "Heathers: The Musical" should score with all those teen misfits who fantasized about getting even with the popular kids who humiliated them in high school — which is to say, just about everyone.
Fine printALL SALES ARE FINAL; NO REFUNDS OR EXCHANGES ALLOWED • Limit 6 per purchaser • Voucher is valid for 1 ticket • The deal is valid only for tickets on the date[s] of the event as selected at time of purchase and may not be exchanged or redeemed for any other dates • Must buy in one transaction to be seated together • Purchaser must pick up ticket(s) at Will Call the day of the show; purchasers are encouraged to arrive at least 30 minutes prior to performance time to pick up tickets • Tickets are subject to availability; cast and schedule subject to change • May not be combined with any other offer; not applicable to previously purchased tickets • Value includes includes service charges, handling charges and facility fee • Entire value must be used in a single visit
Other conditions apply
Except where noted in the fine print:
• Cannot be combined with any other offer or promotion
• Tax and gratuity are not included
• Merchant is responsible for the quality of the products or services provided to you at redemption
• LivingSocial Terms and Conditions - https://m.livingsocial.com/terms
"Heathers: The Musical": Single Admission
times for
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Ticket to "On Your Feet! The Story of Emilio & Gloria Estefan"
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New Dates Added: The Radio City Rockettes
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Whitewater Rafting, Lunch & Transportation
Pick-Up Locations: West 45th and 11th Avenue | 85 Delancey Street (Between Ludlow & Orchard)
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VIP Ticket to Señor Frogs Drag Brunch with Unlimited Cocktails
Señor Frogs - NYC
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All-Day General Spa Admission + 4-Season Grand Spa Pools
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Children's Museum of Manhattan
Admission or Membership to Children's Museum
Urban Beauty Skin Care and Spa
Six Laser Hair-Removal Sessions with Touch-Up
Northstar 2 Fishing
3-Hour Fluke/Flounder Fishing Trip


text:
NEW YORK (April 17, 2013)—Shakira, the singer and judge on "The Voice," is asking a New York judge to throw out a $250 million lawsuit filed by her ex-boyfriend, Antonio de La Rua.
De la Rua, the son of former Argentine President Fernando de la Rua, dated Shakira for more than a decade before the two split up in 2011.
De la Rua has been waging an international war against his ex, saying he shaped the "Shakira brand."
Shakira said in court papers filed in Manhattan that she does not owe her success to de la Rua, who she says was just one of her numerous advisers.


text:
All of the sudden my widgets and dropdown menus stopped working. the problems are as follow:
1- I can no longer add any widgets to the sidebar.
2- I can no longer add submenus to an item in the dropdown menu.
Both of these were working fine before. I disabled all my plugins, but that did not fix the problem. I am running version 1.2.4 and I don't want to update it because my theme is heavily customized.
Can you please help me figure out what is causing this?
Thank you in advance


text:
Hey all,
I have a problem when trying to burn any Xbox game...
I use CloneXB v2.3 (Beta)... and After all the reading and ISO building and Writing and everything it says DeviceIoControl(FSCTL_LOCK_VOLUME) Failed!
If anyone could help at all that'd be mad!
Clonexb Error - Deviceiocontrol(fsctl_lock_volume)
Started by jimmyg123 , Dec 19 2004 09:02 AM
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text:
McClain's Law (1981–1982)
Episode List
Season 1
20 Nov. 1981Pilot
27 Nov. 1981Requiem for a Narc
When an undercover cop, who's the son of an old friend of McClain's, is killed by a drug dealer he was working on. McClain tries to get the man but because of a legal technicality, the man is released. So McClain turns to a female informant known as a black Widow to try and get the man.
4 Dec. 1981A Time of Peril
There's a rapist at large. McClain and Gates respond to the latest attack. While there McClain encounters a man who is running away so he chases him and knocks him out. Later a TV reporter is covering his arrest and the man cries out that McClain was brutal towards him and she backs him. McClain thinks he's the rapist but has no proof.
11 Dec. 1981Let the Victims Beware
18 Dec. 1981Portrait of a Playmate
8 Jan. 1982To Save the Queen
15 Jan. 1982A Matter of Honor
While investigating a man's death. Evidence leads McClain to a family who are friends of his. It seems that the man was having an affair with the daughter. And the family is extremely proud. And the father and son don't have an alibi. McClain doesn't think they're guilty but the Captain decides to turn it to the D.A.
22 Jan. 1982The Sign of the Beast: Part 1
29 Jan. 1982The Sign of the Beast: Part 2
5 Feb. 1982What Patric Doesn't Know
12 Feb. 1982Green Light
19 Feb. 1982Use of Deadly Force
6 Mar. 1982Takeover
13 Mar. 1982From the Mouths of Babes
20 Mar. 1982The Last Hero
Season 1


text:
I've installed Windows 7 on one of the partitions of my laptop's secondary HD.
I've decided to purchase a solid state drive (SSD) to replace my primary drive.
Can I just copy the entire partition to the new SSD, using a tool like Paragon Partition Manager, or any of the others out there, or am I'm doomed to re-install, the OS, re-install all my software, re-arrange all the settings again, etc?


text:
We'll guide you to the most beautiful motorcycle riding on the back roads of this grand State of Texas. Our tours include the Texas Hill Country, and the magnificent Big Bend area in West Texas. We offer 2, 3, 4, and 7 day tours with excursions.
Browse thousands of listings for Big Bend Country Texas.


text:
Contact a lawyer; have him read over the documents. Get yourself out of the situation legally, protecting yourself.
Hope that helps.
You don't want to be stuck between the sellers real estate agent and the seller when and if it goes court in 10 or 15 months, agents as well as sellers get short term memory loss real quick .. plus, you don't know what else has been played with.
The reality is you're pretty much out of luck. I'd run, not walk, away from this house and this seller and chalk up the $1,500 to eduactional expense. You already know he's lied and none of your professionals have given you much of a green light. Whatever you know about with this house and owner, there are probably 50 other things you don't know and won't know about until after you close and then you're stuck with it. Realistically, you can forget about getting your expenses back, it's not going to happen and it's not worth trying to sue over.
I'd just move on. There are so many houses on the market without these problems. Why sign on for sure trouble?
This perception of additional value persists in the mind, even if the final objective achieved is no better ( or worse ) a result than the achievement of a goal by simpler means that is more easily obtainable. .
Examples: What is a better home run? One that goes over the fence or an inside the park home run?
What is a better touchdown ? A photo op play with 3 hand offs, 6 lateral passes and a hard tackle at the end zone... or a straight open field run ?
Some of us thrive on complication and intrigue. Sounds like Wayne's seller prefers doing things the hard way.


text:
Listen for the first sound of each word.
What is the first sound in each word? What two letters spell the first sound in each word?
Find something in the classroom that begins with the sound /sl/.
The first sound in each word is the /sl/ sound.
The letters S and L spell the first /sl/ sound.
Count the blocks. How many are there?
There are 674 blocks.
6 100-block squares = 600 blocks
7 10-block strips = 70 blocks
4 single blocks = 4 blocks
600 blocks + 70 blocks + 4 blocks = 674 blocks
Sunflowers are a type of wildflower. They are native to North and South America. They grow in gardens, too. Sunflowers usually grow to between 3 and 15 feet tall. The tallest sunflower stood 27 feet tall. It was grown in Germany.
The planet Earth has four layers. The first layer is called the inner core. It is hot, liquid rock at the center of Earth. The second layer is the core. It is liquid rock, too. It is cooler than the inner core. The third layer is called the mantle. It is very thick and made of rocks and minerals. The fourth layer is called the crust. Earth's crust is made of different kinds of solid rocks.
Read the question. Listen for the word work in the question.
What kind of work do you want to do when you grow up?
Use the word work in an answer to the question.
What kind of work do you want to do when you grow up?
Write a number sentence for each picture.
5 + 7 = 12
6 + 8 = 14
On land, sloths are very slow mammals. Sloths spend almost all of their time in trees. They hang on branches with their long claws. They eat leaves and fruit from the trees. Sloths sleep in trees, too. They sleep between 15 and 20 hours a day.
Sand is made of tiny bits of rocks and shells. Waves, wind, and ice break large rocks and shells into small pieces. Many of the little pieces end up in the ocean. They are sometimes carried by the ocean currents. Eventually the pieces wash up on shore and form beaches.
Unscramble the letters. What is the first sound in each word? Which letters spell the first sound? What other words begin with the first sound?
First sound: /sl/
Letters that spell the first sound: S and L
First sound: /sl/
Letters that spell the first sound: S and L
Other words beginning with the /sl/ sound include slow, slip, sleeve, sling, slippers, and sled.
Which piggy bank has 85¢ in it?
The piggy bank on the upper right has 85¢ in it.
25¢ x 2 quarters = 50¢
10¢ x 3 dimes = 30¢
1¢ x 5 pennies = 5¢
50¢ + 30¢ + 5¢ = 85¢
People used to write with quills. A quill is a bird's feather. The inside is hollow. Writers dipped the tip of the quill in a jar of ink. The quill sucked up some of the ink. Then the writer pressed the quill against paper to release the ink.
Turtles have bony shells. The shells cover the top and bottom of the turtles' bodies. A turtle's shell is part of its body. Turtles cannot leave their shells like snails and crabs can.
A contraction is a shortened way of writing two words.
I + am = I'm
he + is = he's
she + is = she's
In those contractions, an apostrophe (') takes the place of the missing letter a in am and i in is.
Rewrite each of these sentences with a contraction in place of the bold words:
I am making a card for my father.
He is going to the park with his dad.
She is playing catch with her sisters.
Use one of the contractions in a sentence of your own.
I'm making a card for my father.
He's going to the park with his dad.
She's playing catch with her sisters.
Count half of the school buses shown below.
Finish the number sentence to go with the picture:
1/2 of 14 = ___
1/2 of 14 = 7
The Liberty Bell is a symbol of American liberty. Between 1753 and 1846, it was used to call the Pennsylvania Assembly to meetings in Philadelphia. It also rang for important announcements. The Liberty Bell is large and bronze. It was made in 1752. It cracked during a test strike. The bell was remade, but in 1846 it cracked again. Now the bell is kept as a historical object in the Liberty Bell Center.
You should always fold the American flag the same way. There are 13 steps. The flag ends up in the shape of a triangle. Only the stars are visible when the flag is folded correctly. Folding the flag this way shows honor and respect for the flag.
Some words have more than one meaning.
- a piece of fabric worn knotted around the collar of a shirt
- the same score in a game; equal in number
- to join or knot two pieces of string, ribbon, or line together with a knot or bow
What does the word tie mean in each sentence?
- Each team scored 25 points, ending the game in a tie.
- Sam and Sonya gave their dad a tie for Father's Day.
- Please tie your shoelaces so you don't trip and fall.
Use one meaning of the word tie in a sentence of your own.
1. Each team scored 25 points, ending the game in a tie.
Here, the word tie means the same score in a game; equal in number.
2. Sam and Sonya gave their dad a tie for Father's Day.
In this sentence, tie means a piece of fabric worn knotted around the collar of a shirt.
3. Please tie your shoelaces so you don't trip and fall.
Here, tie means to join or knot two pieces of string, ribbon, or line together with a knot or bow.
Arkansas became a state in 1836. What anniversary did Arkansas celebrate in the year 2000? To figure this out, follow these steps:
- Count on from 1836 to 1840 = ___
- Count on from 1840 to 1900 = ___
- Count on from 1900 to 2000 = ___
- Add your answers together to find out how long Arkansas had been a state in the year 2000.
- 1837, 1838, 1839, 1840 = 4 years
- 1850, 1860, 1870, 1880, 1890, 1900 = 6 10s = 60 years
- 1900, 2000 = 1 100 = 100 years
- 4 years + 60 years + 100 years = 164 years
In 2000, Arkansas celebrated its 164th anniversary.
Flag Day is June 14. On this day, we celebrate the American flag. The flag has 13 red and white stripes. The stripes represent the 13 original colonies. The flag has 50 white stars on a dark blue background. The stars represent the 50 states. The first American flag only had 13 stars because there were only 13 states.
Father's Day is the third Sunday in June. We celebrate and honor our fathers. A woman named Sonora Smart Dodd organized Father's Day in 1909 and 1910. At the time, Mother's Day was becoming a holiday. Dodd wanted to recognize fathers' hard work, too.
Daily Starters are on hiatus for the summer. Please come back on August 8, 2016, when they will begin again.
If you'd like to plan ahead, the Daily Starters Grades 1–2 Teacher's Guide describes how these quick grade-level-appropriate prompts can be used in your classroom.
For fun grade-specific activities you can download, see the Summer Stay-on-Track Packs from Scholastic Printables.
Touch the letters. Name the letters.
The letters are A, B, C, D, E, and F.
Match the numeral to the number name.
2 three
1 five
0 two
3 one
5 four
4 zero
2-two, 1-one, 0-zero, 3-three, 5-five, 4-four
What do the letters SPF on a bottle of sunscreen stand for? Sun Protection Factor. Make sure the number you use is at least 15. Wear it every time you go outside!
August is National Back-to-School Month! Long ago, not everyone went to school. In the 1840s that started to change. Schools for all children started to be built.
Read the words.
be do am can
Put them in ABC order.
am, be, can, do
1 + 1 = ___ 1 + 2 = ___ 2 + 1 = ___
1 + 1 = 2
1 + 2 = 3
2 + 1 = 3
Watermelon is a sweet summer snack. How did it get its name? It is 92% water!
Does your school have a bell that tells you when to come inside? In the 1800s, many teachers had to stand at the door of the school and ring their own bell.
Unscramble the boy's name.
The boy's name is BEN.
Match the digital time to the correct clock face.
A hermit crab's shell is not hard. But the crab needs protection. So it borrows leftover shells from other creatures.
Schools didn't always have textbooks. The first one in the United States was called the New England Primer. Today, schools have libraries full of books.
Write the words in order to make sentences. Remember, a sentence begins with a capital letter and ends with a period.
1. fly birds
2. cows grass eat
1. Birds fly.
2. Cows eat grass.
Connect the dots from 1-10 in order and then connect back to 1. What shape did you draw?
The connected dots form a rectangle.
The first bathing suits for women were actually long-sleeved dresses. Women even wore bloomers, or pants, underneath them.
The first blackboard ever used was in Philadelphia in 1809. It was made of wood and some things you might not expect: egg whites and potatoes!
Use the letters in the word rainbow to spell as many two-, three-, and four-letter words as you can. Four is good, eight is great!
Bonus: A five-letter color you do not see in a rainbow is hiding in the word rainbow.
Possible answers: rain, ran, raw, rob, row, rib, air, an, in, now, nab, nib, war, bar, bin, bran, boar, brain, bow, brow, own, win, won
Bonus Answer: brown
Jack gets up at 7:00 a.m. He must be in school one hour later.
What time does Jack start school?
Jack starts school at 8:00 a.m.
The letters of the alphabet that are used most in English are e, t, a, and o. Some of the words that we use the most are the, of, and is.
If you went to school in the 1800s, you probably would have brought your lunch in a metal bucket. Many children ate hard-boiled eggs and pickles.


text:
The air seems to have gone out of the World Cup.
Except when you are German or Argentinian of course.
But even the supporters of Monday's finalists will admit that the host country has not just gone into mourning but is keen to wipe the World Cup from their collective memory and ignore that silly match for third place.
After not seeing a drop of rain in Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro for the entire tournament, the heavens opened up since the semi-finals, and the locals have commented that even the football gods are crying for Brazil.
The Brazilian players are making the politically correct noises about redemption on Sunday morning but in reality they all just want to sneak off to some holiday resort and hide under a rock.
The Dutch have been a bit more up front and coach Louis van Gaal said that there was only one prize and that Sunday's game is a farce.
The Netherlands played for third place in 1998 after a similar, heartbreaking penalty shootout loss against Brazil and virtually rolled over for Croatia.
Many of that generation have since voiced their regret for not trying harder as they left a fantastic tournament with the hollow feeling of two defeats, so assistant coach Patrick Kluivert, who was part to that team, can possibly inspire the team to give it one last crack.
Hopefully, the Brazilians will rediscover their 'jogo bonito' and the match in Brasilia could turn into an attacking extravaganza if both teams truly don't care who wins.
The final, however, will be a different affair.
It's all on the line, and with both teams sharing the cup victories in the 1986 and 1990 finals, there is plenty of history to fuel the contest.
Having watched the Argentinians four times in the flesh, I expect they will park the bus against the rampant Germans who must be on a high after their semi-final destruction of Brazil.
Coach Joachim Loew though will realise that the Belo-horror was one out of the box and we may never see a repeat in another 20 World Cups.
Argentina will not collapse like the Brazilians in the semi-final and with four-time World Player of the Year Lionel Messi, they have a player who can change the nature of the final in a split second.
Sadly however, Messi has shown only flickers of his unique brilliance and been unable to put his stamp on the tournament, so the Argentine collective will again have to step up to stop the German machine.
We now know that the Germans can score from anywhere and most importantly, they look as fresh as they did in the opening rout of Portugal. While the Argentinians, Dutch and Brazilians all looked drained from the long World Cup and their marathon club seasons, the Germans are still running their opponents into the ground with their blisteringly fast attacks.
With their iron-clad defence they may even be hard to break down for the little flea from Barcelona.
Still, a final is a one-off contest where anything can happen, so let's join an expected four billion people around the globe to enjoy the return of the football World Cup final to the sacred grounds of the Maracana.


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Big Bear Lake, CA, August 7, 2015 - The 26th annual Big Bear Lake Antique Car Club Fun Run Car Show will take place on Saturday August 8th from 9 am until 3 pm in the downtown Village area of Big Bear Lake. The Big Bear Lake Antique Car Club reports a total sell-out of 535 pre-1975 automobiles, pick-up trucks,Cobras, Corvettes, Hot Rods, … [Read more...]
Big Bear Lake Antique Car Club Fun Run Sure To Please!
Big Bear Lake Antique Car Club Fun Run
The Antique Car Club's Fun Run takes place Friday August 12th through Sunday August 14th. The Fun Run features a car show with nearly 500 cars - roadsters, classics, antiques and hot rods, lining the streets of Big Bear Village. Vendors, a Fun Run drive around the lake at the end of day on Saturday, and of course the Sunday awards ceremonies. Too … [Read more...]
Events Have Economic Impact In Big Bear
Big Bear, Ca, April 14, 2:00pm - The Event Resource Office of Big Bear Valley presented an executive summary of visitor economic impact in relation to 2010 Big Bear Special Events. The study focused on 18 events including the Amgen Tour of California: Big Bear Climb, 4th of July Fireworks, Antique Car Club Fun Run, Oktoberfest, and … [Read more...]


text:
Four Rescued from Rain-Swollen Wash in Tucson; No One Injured
Monsoon under way; caution urged in traversing flooded roadways.
Monsoon under way; caution urged in traversing flooded roadways.
Industry has shrunken in recent years; new companies want it to regain prominence.
Average earners can get a house on less than one-third of income, RealtyTrac reports.
Other races change this week as candidate qualifications are challenged.
Four deaths in Tucson area from 115-degree heat last weekend.
Monsoon provides breeding ground, potential for west Nile, dengue fever infections.
Patient had traveled in Caribbean, has recovered; chances 'low' of contracting virus.
Upcoming heat wave will provide the fuels needed for more wildfires, and monsoons could provide the spark to get them going.
Funding revival brings heavy equipment driving, maintenance program on board.
High of 114 leads to excessive heat warning through Wednesday night.
Board of Supervisors unanimously passed it last month; talking on phone still OK.
Petitions of Republican Edna San Miguel in 3rd Congressional District questioned.
Warrant resolution day a 'success' with 100 getting driver's licenses back.
Lawsuit looks to throw out signatures collected by 3rd District's Edna San Miguel.
Temperatures are expected to top out around 113 in Tucson on Sunday.
Launch coincides with new Arizona Department of Housing mortgage assistance program.
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text:
A married couple went to the hospital to have their baby delivered.
Upon their arrival, the doctor said he had invented a new machine that
would transfer a portion of the mother's labour pain to the Father.
He asked if they were willing to try it out. They were both very
much in favour of it.
The doctor set the pain transfer to 10% for starters, explaining
That even 10% was probably more pain than the father had ever
experienced before.
But as the labour progressed, the husband felt fine and asked the doctor
to go ahead and bump it up a notch. The doctor then adjusted the
machine to 20% pain transfer.
The husband was still feeling fine.
The doctor checked the husbands' blood pressure and was amazed at
how well he was doing. At this point they decided to try for 50%.
The husband continued to feel quite well.
Since the pain transfer was obviously helping out the wife considerably,
the husband encouraged the doctor to transfer ALL the pain to him.
The wife delivered a healthy baby with virtually no pain.
She and her husband were ecstatic.
When they got home, the milkman was dead on the porch.
Pain Relief
Started by Blaatschaap , May 07 2007 08:27 PM
2 replies to this topic
Posted 07 May 2007 - 08:27 PM
Posted 07 May 2007 - 10:15 PM
Awwwwww......That's cute.
Posted 08 May 2007 - 03:10 AM
haha, that is great
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0 members, 0 guests, 0 anonymous users


text:
Immigration legislative and administrative policies, legal statutes and court decisions, and regulations collectively shape nations' immigration systems—from visa allotments and immigrant-selection mechanisms to immigrant integration programs, border controls, and more. As international migration has increased in size and spread and as a number of nations are more flexibly adjusting their immigration systems, the research offered here examines the many permutations of immigration policy and law, often with a comparative lens.
This practical handbook highlights policies and programs that can magnify the resources, both human and financial, that emigrants and their descendants contribute to development. It gives concrete examples of policies and programs that have been effective, and pulls out both useful lessons and common challenges associated with the topics at hand.
This brief outlines the key policy challenges governments and other stakeholders face in addressing the health needs of Asian labor migrants. It highlights the obstacles migrant workers face in accessing health facilities and services at various stages of migration, before proposing five key steps for translating the growing interest in migrant health issues to visible changes on the ground.
This report analyzes developments in UK integration policy over the past 15 years—a period in which immigration levels increased substantially, with the composition of migration flows becoming increasingly temporary and diverse in nature. The analysis focuses on whether or not policy has influenced national identity, integration outcomes, and neighborhood cohesion.
This report provides a comprehensive profile of the immigrant population in Napa County, CA. It examines the effect of immigration on the county's demographic trends and calculates the economic contributions of immigrants as well as their impact on government revenues and expenditures.
This report focuses on the effects of migration on political extremism in North America, Western Europe, and Central and Eastern Europe. The author explores nativist reactions, analyzes the role of migration in the identity and discourse of nativist actors, examines public effects of their impact on migration policies, and summarizes ways in which states respond to anti-immigrant extremism.


text:
Bachelor of Medical Radiation Science (Honours) (Diagnostic Radiography)
Information correct as at
30th Jul 2016 7:21pm
Program Code
AQF Level
Level 8 Bachelor Honours Degree
Locations and UAC Codes
Mode of Delivery
- Face to Face
Domestic - 4 years full time.
International - 4 years full time.
Assumed Knowledge
English and Mathematics or Physics. Applicants who have not studied these courses should consider taking relevant bridging courses before the commencement of the University year.
Term Type
Managing Faculty
Contributing Schools
Relevant University rules and policies
- Rules Governing Awards and Programs 000958
- Bachelor Honours (320) - Awards and Programs Schedule
CRICOS Code
The Bachelor of Medical Radiation Science (Honours) (Diagnostic Radiography) is an AQF level 8 program.
Diagnostic Radiographers produce images of the structure and function of the body to assist medical diagnosis and medical decision making. Diagnostic Radiographers use a large range of advanced imaging technologies such as plain x-rays, Computer Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Ultrasound, Angiography and Mammography, in settings such as accident and emergency, wards and operating theatres. Diagnostic radiography plays an important role in medicine and health care, and contributes significantly to improving health outcomes for the population.
Click on the headings to show/hide sections of content. Hidden information will not be printed. Hide all sections
Admission Information
Admission Requirements
Admission to this program is available to Australian students, residents and international students.Current Australian Year 12 students:
Apply for entry through UAC. Entry is based on ATAR or interstate equivalent.You may also be eligible to receive bonus points if you will be receiving an Australian Tertiary Admission Rank (ATAR).
Year 12 Bonus Point Scheme:
- Physics (Band 5 - 6 ) 2 points
- Mathematics (Band 5 - 6) 2 points OR Ext 1 (Band 3 - 4) 4 points OR Ext 2 (Band 2 - 4) 4 points
- English (Advanced) (Band 6) 2 points OR English Ext 1 (Band 3 - 4) 4 points OR English Ext 2 (Band 2 - 4) 4 points
Apply for entry through UAC. Entry based on:
- Previous year 12 studies
- Higher education, tertiary or post-secondary qualifications and/or
- Overseas qualifications considered equivalent to Australian qualifications.
- an Australian Year 12 in Australia
- an Australian Year 12 outside Australia
- an International Baccalaureate (IB) in Australia
Apply for entry through UAC. Entry based on ATAR or equivalent.
All other international students: Apply direct to International Admissions. Entry based on overseas qualifications considered equivalent to Australian qualifications, as well as satisfying English language requirements.
Minimum English Language Proficiency Requirements
Applicants who do not speak English as a first language must demonstrate that they meet the University's English proficiency requirement. Further information regarding English language proficiency requirements can be found at the English Language Proficiency for Admission Policy at http://www.newcastle.edu.au/about-uon/governance-and-leadership/policy-library/document?RecordNumber=D15/15438
Students who completed their education in a non-English speaking country must have an IELTS of 7.0 on admission in line with University policy.
Additional Selection Criteria
- Special Selection Procedures - Special selection procedures apply for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander applicants. For details call (02) 4921 6863.
Assumed Knowledge
English and Mathematics or Physics. Applicants who have not studied these courses should consider taking relevant bridging courses before the commencement of the University year.
Credit Transfer
If you wish to apply for credit for studies completed at another institution, or if you are changing programs within the University and wish to transfer your credit to the new program, go to http://www.newcastle.edu.au/service/credit-transfer/ and click on 'How to Apply for Credit'.
Compulsory Program Requirements
Students will complete approximately 40 weeks of practical experience throughout the program in a variety of settings both locally and nationally, including mandatory rural placements. Travel, accommodation and related expenses for clinical placements will be the responsibility of the student.
Students will attend on-campus simulation classes in state-of-the-art training laboratories to prepare for, and supplement, the clinical placement experience.
Post-admission Requirements
NSW Health Verification Requirements
Mandatory NSW Health Verification Requirements must be met. For more information please visit www.newcastle.edu.au/health-medicine-placement
Senior First Aid Certificate
Students must hold a current Workcover approved Senior First Aid Certificate.
Compulsory Program Requirements - Review of Progress
In addition to meeting the University's overall requirements for academic progression, students must satisfactorily complete the following courses in order to progress in their program.
MRSC1110 - Diagnostic Radiography Professional Practice 1
MRSC2110 - Diagnostic Radiography Professional Practice 2A
MRSC2160 - Diagnostic Radiography Professional Practice IIB
MRSC3111 - Diagnostic Radiography Professional Practice 3A
MRSC3160 - Diagnostic Radiography Professional Practice 3B
MRSC4110 - Diagnostic Radiography Professional Practice IVA
MRSC4160 - Diagnostic Radiography Professional Practice IVB
Academic Requirements for Program Completion
Total Units required
320 units
Program Duration
4 years full time up to 6 years maximum.
International student visa holders who are studying the program on campus are required to enrol full time as per student visa requirements.
Program Requirements
Qualification for the award of Bachelor of Medical Radiation Science (Honours)(Diagnostic Radiography) requires completion of 320 units consisting of:
- 300 units of Core Courses; and
- 20 units of Elective Courses for Non-Graded Honours (of which at least 10 units must be at 2000 level or above); or 20 units of Research Project courses for Graded Honours.
Not all courses are offered each semester.
Program Structure
Core Courses
Complete the following core courses to fulfil the requirements of this program.
Students in the Graded Honours Stream must take HLSC4310A and HLSC4310B. Students in the Ungraded Honours Stream must take 20 units of Electives.
All students who complete the requirements of the program will be eligible for Ungraded Honours. High performing students (minimum cumulative GPA of 5.5 at the end of Year 3) may be selected for admission into a Graded Honours stream. Positions within the Graded Honours stream are limited and entry is not guaranteed. Students selected into the Graded Honours stream are required to successfully complete 20 units of research courses as detailed in the Program Plan.The criteria for the determination of class of Honours are detailed in the Bachelor Honours policy [000990] section 5.2.2. Enquiries concerning eligibility for Graded Honours should be directed to the Program Convenor.
Program Learning Outcomes
- Competently apply advanced knowledge, atitudes and clinical skills to evaluate and implement modern and evolving diagnostic imaging procedures as registered pratitioners.
- Demonstrate the ability to work independently or as part of a multi-disciplinary healthcare team
- Demonstrate effective communication skills to provide clear and coherent information and ideas to individuals, groups and healthcare teams.
- Demonstrate skills to design and undertake research and competently apply evidence-based knowledge and clinical reasoning to deliver safe and effective professional practice.
- Demonstrate professional and personal behaviours consistent with a commitment to legal and ethical behaviour, accountability in practice, and the promotion and development of the profession.
- Effectively use technology in clinical practice and professional education
- Demonstrate the ability to take responsibility for reflection on their own clinical practice, and ongoing learning and professional development.
- Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the operation and clinical utility of advanced medical imaging techniques, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Additional Information
All students can access additional learning development mechanisms provided by the Centre for Teaching and Learning at http://www.newcastle.edu.au/current-staff/teaching-and-research/teaching-resources/supporting-students
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students can draw on the assistance and support provided by the Indigenous Student Support and Development service through The Wollotuka Institute.
International Students
All International Students enrolled in the program will be provided with an orientation to familiarise them with the rules, expectations, facilities and services offered by the University. Please visit http://www.newcastle.edu.au/international/while-you-are-here/orientation to find out more about the support services available to international students.
Special Needs
Students with a disability who require reasonable adjustments to undertake their program should contact the Disability Support Service before semester or early in the semester. Some adjustments need up to 4 weeks lead time to organise, so it is imperative that early contact is made. The Disability Support Service and relevant Faculty and School officers will work together to ensure reasonable adjustments are provided in a timely manner.
Please note: All students must fulfil the inherent requirements of the programs and courses they are undertaking. While reasonable adjustments can be made, these adjustments cannot compromise academic integrity. It is the student's responsibility to check all the requirements of courses, and consider the effects of any medical condition or disability on their ability to complete course requirements. Please visit http://www.newcastle.edu.au/service/disability/ for more information.


text:
Today we celebrate Ditch Day, one of Caltech's oldest traditions. During this annual spring rite—the timing of which is kept secret until the last minute—seniors ditch their classes and vanish from campus. Before they go, however, they leave behind complex, carefully planned out puzzles and challenges—known as "stacks"—designed to occupy the underclassmen and prevent them from wreaking havoc on the seniors' unoccupied rooms.
Follow the action on Caltech's Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram pages as the undergraduates tackle the puzzles left for them to solve around campus. Join the conversation by sharing your favorite Ditch Day memories and using #CaltechDitchDay in your tweets and postings.
Yuki Oka, assistant professor of biology, has been named one of six recipients of the 2016 McKnight Scholars Award. The McKnight Endowment Fund for Neuroscience awards $75,000 per year for three years to support young scientists who are establishing their own laboratories and research centers. The award is only available to researchers in the first four years of a tenure-track faculty position.
"A McKnight Scholar Award is one of the most prestigious early-career honors that a young neuroscientist can receive," said Anthony Movshon, chair of the awards committee and professor at New York University, in a press release. "This year's Scholars are a superbly talented group, with as much promise as any selected in the past. … Their work will help us to understand the brain's function in health and in disease, and will shape the neuroscience of the future."
Oka studies the neural mechanisms controlling thirst. These mechanisms help the body maintain a healthy balance of water and salt. He is attempting to isolate exactly which circuits in the brain regulate thirst and to determine how those circuits are triggered by external signals. Understanding these key brain functions may lead to new treatments for appetite-related disorders.
The McKnight Foundation of Minneapolis, Minnesota has supported neuroscience research since 1977. It created the Endowment Fund in 1986 in honor of William L. McKnight, an early leader of the 3M Company who had a personal interest in neurological diseases and wanted his legacy to help find cures. Previous awardees from Caltech include Athanossios Siapas, professor of computation and neural systems, and Kai Zinn, professor of biology.
Caltech biologist Richard Andersen is working to incorporate a sense of touch into the neural prosthetics he has been helping develop for years—devices implanted in the brain that allow a paralyzed patient to manipulate a robotic arm.
Andersen and colleagues first reported success of their original implant in early 2015. The team, led by Andersen, placed their prosthesis in the posterior parietal cortex, an area that controls the intent to move rather than controlling movement directly as previous experiments had done. This allowed Erik Sorto, a 35-year-old man who has been paralyzed from the neck down for more than 10 years, to use a robotic arm placed next to his body to perform a fluid hand-shaking gesture, play rock-paper-scissors, and even grasp a bottle of beer and bring it to his mouth for a sip—something he had long dreamed of doing.
This research on how to make a robotic arm move resulted in a 2015 National Science Foundation grant to Andersen from President Obama's Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnology—or BRAIN—Initiative, as well as seed money from the California Blueprint for Research to Advance Innovations in Neuroscience (Cal-BRAIN) program, the California complement to the federal initiative, which gave out its first-ever monetary awards last year to a group of researchers that included Andersen.
Andersen is now using those Cal-BRAIN funds—designed to bring together interdisciplinary teams of scientists and engineers from diverse fields for fundamental brain research—to take his team's work to the next level. His hope is to enable people using robotic arms to literally regain their sense of touch—their ability to feel an object in their "hands."
For more on Andersen's work, read A Feeling Touch on E&S+.
Living things use DNA to store the genetic information that makes each plant, bacterium, and human being unique. The reproduction of this information is made possible because DNA's nucleotides—A's and T's, G's and C's—fit together perfectly, like matching jigsaw puzzle pieces. Engineers can take advantage of the matching between long strands of DNA nucleotides to use DNA as a kind of molecular origami, folding it into everything from nanoscale smiley face artwork to serious drug-delivery devices.
On Wednesday, May 25, at 8 p.m. in Beckman Auditorium, Paul Rothemund (BS '94), the inventor of the DNA origami technique, will explain how his group and groups around the world are using DNA origami in applications ranging from potential cancer treatments to devices for computing. Rothemund is research professor of bioengineering, computing and mathematical sciences, and computation and neural systems in the Division of Engineering and Applied Science at Caltech. Admission is free.
I use DNA and RNA as building materials to create shapes and patterns with a resolution of just a few nanometers. The smallest features in the DNA structures we make are about 20,000 times smaller than the pixels in the fanciest computer displays, which are each about 80 microns across. A large part of our work over the last 20 years has been just figuring out how to get DNA or RNA strands to fold themselves into a desired computer-designed shape. As we've mastered the ability to make whatever shape or pattern we desire, we've moved on to using these shapes as "pegboards" for arranging other nano-sized objects, such as protein enzymes, carbon-nanotube transistors, and fluorescent molecules.
Every task in your body, from digesting food to moving your muscles to sensing light, is powered by tiny nanometer-scale biological machines, all built from the "bottom up" via the self-folding of molecules such as proteins and RNAs. The billions of transistors that make up the chips in our cell phones and computers are tens of nanometers in size, but they are built in a "top down" fashion using fancy printing processes in billion-dollar factories. Our goal is to learn how to build complex artificial devices the way biology builds natural ones—that is, starting from self-folding molecules that assemble together into larger more complex structures. In addition to vastly cheaper devices, this will enable completely new applications, such as man-made molecular machines that can make complex therapeutic decisions and apply drugs only where needed.
As an undergraduate at Caltech, I had great difficulty trying to decide how to combine my diverse interests in computer science, chemistry, and biology. Fortunately, the late Jan L. A. van de Snepscheut introduced his computer science class to the hypothetical idea of building a DNA Turing machine—a very simple machine which can nevertheless run every possible computer program. He challenged us, suggesting that someone who knew about both biochemistry and computer science could come up with a concrete way to build such a DNA computer. For a project class in information theory with Yaser Abu-Mostafa, a professor of electrical engineering and computer science, I came up with a pretty inefficient, yet possible, way to do this. At the time, I couldn't interest any Caltech professors in building my DNA computer, but shortly after, USC professor Len Adleman published a paper on a more practical DNA computer in Science. I joined Adleman's lab at USC as a graduate student, and I've been trying to use DNA to build computers or other complex devices ever since. I returned to Caltech as a postdoc in 2001 and became a research professor in 2008.
Three Caltech professors and four Caltech alumni have been elected to the prestigious National Academy of Sciences (NAS). The announcement was made Tuesday, May 3.
Raymond Deshaies is a professor of biology, investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and executive officer for molecular biology. Deshaies's work focuses on understanding the basic biology of protein homeostasis, the mechanisms that maintain a normal array of functional proteins within cells and organisms. He is the founder of Caltech's Proteome Exploration Laboratory to study and sequence proteomes, which are all of the proteins encoded by a genome.
John Eiler is the Robert P. Sharp Professor of Geology and professor of geochemistry, as well as the director of the Caltech Microanalysis Center. Eiler uses geochemistry to study the origin and evolution of meteorites and the earth's rocks, atmosphere, and interior. Recently, his team published a paper detailing how dinosaurs' body temperatures can be deduced from isotopic measurements of their eggshells.
Ares Rosakis is the Theodore von Kármán Professor of Aeronautics and Mechanical Engineering in the Division of Engineering and Applied Science. His research interests span a wide spectrum of length and time scales and range from the mechanics of earthquake seismology, to the physical processes involved in the catastrophic failure of aerospace materials, to the reliability of micro-electronic and opto-electronic structures and devices.
Deshaies, Eiler, and Rosakis join 70 current Caltech faculty and three trustees as members of the NAS. Also included in this year's new members are four alumni: Ian Agol (BS '92), Melanie S. Sanford (PhD '01), Frederick J. Sigworth (BS '74), and Arthur B. McDonald (PhD '70).
The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit organization of scientists and engineers dedicated to the furtherance of science and its use for the general welfare. It was established in 1863 by a congressional act of incorporation signed by Abraham Lincoln that calls on the academy to act as an official adviser to the federal government, upon request, in any matter of science or technology.
A full list of new members is available on the academy website at: http://www.nasonline.org/news-and-multimedia/news/may-3-2016-NAS-Electio...
The community of beneficial bacteria that live in our intestines, known as the gut microbiome, are important for the development and function of the immune system. There has been growing evidence that certain probiotics—therapies that introduce beneficial bacteria into the gut—may help alleviate some of the symptoms of intestinal disorders such as Crohn's disease. By studying the interplay between genetic risk factors for Crohn's and the bacteria that populate the gut, researchers at Caltech have discovered a new potential cause for this disorder in some patients—information that may lead to advances in probiotic therapies and personalized medicine.
The results were published online in the May 5 edition of the journal Science.
Previously, scientists had found that patients with Crohn's disease often exhibit alterations in both their genome and their gut microbiome—the diverse collection of bacteria that reside in the intestine. More than 200 genes have been implicated as having a role in the susceptibility to Crohn's. For years, researchers in the field have believed that these are genes that normally function by sensing pathogenic bacteria and deploying an immune response to kill the unwanted microbes; when these genes are defective, the pathogenic bacteria survive, multiply in the gut, and lead to disease.
"While we believe that all of that is true, in this study we were curious to see if some of the genes that are important in sensing pathogenic bacteria may also be important in sensing beneficial bacteria to promote immune health," says the study's first author, Hiutung Chu, a postdoctoral scholar in biology and biological engineering at Caltech. "Typically, the signals from these beneficial commensal microbes promote anti-inflammatory responses that dampen inflammation in the gut. However, mutations in genes that sense and respond to pathogenic bacteria would also impair the response to the beneficial ones. So it's kind of a new spin on the existing dogma."
To figure this out, Chu and her colleagues in the laboratory of Sarkis Mazmanian, the Luis B. and Nelly Soux Professor of Microbiology, designed several experiments to study how genetic mutations might interrupt the immune-enhancing effects of a known beneficial bacterium, Bacteroides fragilis. The researchers tested their new theory by using B. fragilis to treat mice that had nonfunctional versions of two genes known to play a role in Crohn's disease risk, called ATG16L1 and NOD2.
The researchers found that if just one of these two genes was absent, the mice were unable to develop disease-protective immune cells called regulatory T cells in response to B. fragilis—and that even after treatment with B. fragilis, symptoms in an ATG16L1-deficient mouse model of intestinal disease remained unchanged.
Chu and Mazmanian then obtained blood samples from both healthy patients and patients with Crohn's disease at the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles. "We could see that certain patients' immune cells responded to Bacteroides fragilis, while immune cells from other patients didn't respond at all," Chu says. "Because the cells from Cedars had already been genotyped, we were able to match up our results with the patients' genotypes: immune cells from individuals with the protective version of ATG16L1 responded to the treatment, but cells from patients who had the mutated version of the gene showed no anti-inflammatory response to B. fragilis."
Mazmanian says the results suggest that the faulty versions of these genes may cause Crohn's disease in two different ways: by being unable to assist in destroying pathogenic bacteria and by preventing the beneficial immune signals usually elicited by "good" bacteria. "What Hiutung has shown is that there are specific bacteria in the human microbiome that appear to utilize the pathways that are encoded by these genes—genes normally involved in killing bacteria—to send beneficial signals to the host," he says.
This work reveals the important relationship between the genome and the microbiome—and it may also one day be used to improve the use of probiotics in clinical trials, Mazmanian says. "For example, our previous work has suggested using B. fragilis as a probiotic treatment for certain disorders. What this new study suggests is that there are certain populations that wouldn't benefit from this treatment because they have this genetic predisposition," he notes. "Right now, clinical trials don't do a good job of identifying which patients might respond best to treatment, but our experiments in mouse models suggest that, conceptually, you could design clinical trials that are more effective."
The research described in the paper, "Gene-Microbiota Interactions Contribute to the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease," was funded by the National Institutes of Health, the Cedars-Sinai F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, the Lupus Research Institute, the European Union, the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America, the Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust, and the Heritage Medical Research Institute.
In addition to Chu and Mazmanian, other Caltech coauthors include former graduate students Arya Khosravi (PhD '14) and Yue Shen (PhD '12); research technician assistants Indah Kusumawardhani and Alice Kwon; and Wei-Li Wu, a postdoctoral scholar in biology and biological engineering. Coauthors from other institutions include: Anilton Vasconcelos and Peter Ernst from UC San Diego; Larissa Cunha and Douglas Green from St. Jude Children's Research Hospital in Memphis; Anne Mayer, Amal Kambal, and Herbert Virgin from the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis; Stephan Targan and Dermot McGovern from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; and Ramnik Xavier from Harvard Medical School.
The American Academy of Arts and Sciences has elected two Caltech professors—Hirosi Ooguri and Rob Phillips—as fellows. The American Academy is one of the nation's oldest honorary societies; this class of members is its 236th, and it includes a total of 213 scholars and leaders representing such diverse fields as academia, business, public affairs, the humanities, and the arts.
Hirosi Ooguri is the director of the Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics and the Fred Kavli Professor of Theoretical Physics and Mathematics in the Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy. He works on quantum field theory and superstring theory, aiming to invent new theoretical tools to solve fundamental questions in physics.
Rob Phillips is the Fred and Nancy Morris Professor of Biophysics and Biology and has appointments in the Division of Engineering and Applied Science and the Division of Biology and Biological Engineering. He focuses on the physical biology of the cell using biophysical theory as well as single-molecule and single-cell experiments.
Ooguri and Phillips join 86 current Caltech faculty as members of the American Academy. Also included in this year's list are two Caltech trustees, David Lee (PhD '74) and Ron Linde (MS '62, PhD '64); as well as three additional alumni: Gerard Fuller (MS '77, PhD '80), Melanie Sanford (PhD '01), and Robert Schoelkopf (PhD '95).
Founded in 1780 by John Adams, James Bowdoin, John Hancock, and other scholar-patriots, the academy aims to serve the nation by cultivating "every art and science which may tend to advance the interest, honor, dignity, and happiness of a free, independent, and virtuous people." The academy has elected as fellows and foreign honorary members "leading thinkers and doers" from each generation, including George Washington and Ben Franklin in the 18th century, Daniel Webster and Ralph Waldo Emerson in the 19th, and Albert Einstein and Woodrow Wilson in the 20th. This year's class of fellows includes novelist Colm Tóibín, La Opinión publisher and CEO Monica Lozano, jazz saxophonist Wayne Shorter, former Botswanan president Festus Mogae, and autism author and spokesperson Temple Grandin.
A full list of new members is available on the academy website at www.amacad.org/members.
The new class will be inducted at a ceremony on October 8, 2016, in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Because billions of neurons are packed into our brain, the neuronal circuits that are responsible for controlling our behaviors are by necessity highly intermingled. This tangled web makes it complicated for scientists to determine exactly which circuits do what. Now, using two laboratory techniques pioneered in part at Caltech, Caltech researchers have mapped out the pathways of a set of neurons responsible for the kinds of motor impairments—such as difficulty walking—found in patients with Parkinson's disease.
The work—from the laboratory of Viviana Gradinaru (BS '05), assistant professor of biology and biological engineering—was published on April 20 in the journal Neuron.
In patients with Parkinson's disease, gait disorders and difficulty with balance are often caused by the degeneration of a specific type of neuron—called cholinergic neurons—in a region of the brainstem called the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN). Damage to this same population of neurons in the PPN is also linked to reward-based behaviors and disorders, such as addiction.
Previously, researchers had not been able to untangle the neural circuitry originating in the PPN to understand how both addictions and Parkinson's motor impairments are modulated within the same population of cells. Furthermore, this uncertainty created a barrier to treating those motor symptoms. After all, deep brain stimulation—in which a device is inserted into the brain to deliver electrical pulses to a targeted region—can be used to correct walking and balance difficulties in these patients, but without knowing exactly which part of the PPN to target, the procedure can lead to mixed results.
"The circuits responsible for controlling our behaviors are not nicely lined up, where this side does locomotion and this side does reward," Gradinaru says, and this disordered arrangement arises from the way neurons are structured. Much as a tree extends into the ground with long roots, neurons are made up of a cell body and a long string-like axon that can diverge and project elsewhere into different areas of the brain. Because of this shape, the researchers realized they could follow the neuron's "roots" to an area of the brain less crowded than the PPN. This would allow them to more easily look at the two very different behaviors and how they are implemented.
Cheng Xiao, a senior research scientist at Caltech and first author on the study, began by mapping the projections of the cholinergic neurons in the PPN of a rat using a technique developed by the Gradinaru lab called Passive CLARITY Technique, or PACT. In this technique, a solution of chemicals is applied to the brain; the chemicals dissolve the lipids in the tissue and render that region of the brain optically transparent—see-through, in other words—and able to take up fluorescent markers that can label different types of neurons. The researchers could then follow the path of the PPN neurons of interest, marked by a fluorescent protein, by simply looking through the rest of the brain.
Using this method, Gradinaru and Xiao were able to trace the axons of the PPN neurons as they extended into two regions of the midbrain: the ventral substantia nigra, a landmark area for Parkinson's disease that had been previously associated with locomotion; and the ventral tegmental area, a region of the brain that had been previously associated with reward.
Next, the researchers used an electrical recording technique to keep track of the signals sent by PPN neurons—confirming that these neurons do, in fact, communicate with their associated downstream structures in the midbrain. Then, the scientists went on to determine how this specific population of neurons affects behavior. To do this, they used a technique that Gradinaru helped develop called optogenetics, which allows researchers to manipulate neural activities—in this case, by either exciting or inhibiting the PPN neural projections in the midbrain—using different colors of light.
Using the optogenetic approach in rats, the researchers found that exciting the neuronal projections in the ventral substantia nigra would stimulate the animal to walk around its environment; by contrast, they could stop the animal's movement by inhibiting these same projections. Furthermore, they found that they could stimulate reward-seeking behavior by exciting the neuronal projections in the ventral tegmental area, but could cause aversive behavior by inhibiting these projections.
"Our results show that the cholinergic neurons from the PPN indeed have a role in controlling both behaviors," Gradinaru says. "Although the neurons are very densely packed and intermingled, these pathways are, to some extent, dedicated to very specialized behaviors." Determining which pathways are associated with which behaviors might also improve future treatments, she adds.
"In the past it's been difficult to target treatment to the PPN because the specific neurons associated with different behaviors are intermingled at the source—the PPN. Our results show that you could target the axonal projections in the substantia nigra for movement disorders and projections in the ventral tegmental area for reward disorders, as addiction is," Gradinaru says. In addition, she notes, these projections in the midbrain are much easier to access surgically than their source in the PPN.
Although this new information could inform clinical treatments for Parkinson's disease, the PPN is only one region of the brain and there are many more important examples of connectivity that need to be explored, Gradinaru says. "These results highlight the need for brain-wide functional and anatomical maps of these long-range neuronal projections; we've shown that tissue clearing and optogenetics are enabling technologies in the creation of these maps."
These results are published in a paper titled, "Cholinergic mesopontine signals govern locomotion and reward through dissociable midbrain pathways." In addition to Gradinaru and Xiao, other Caltech coauthors include Jounhong Ryan Cho, Chunyi Zhou, Jennifer Treweek, Ken Chan, Sheri McKinney, and Bin Yang. The work was supported by the National Institutes of Health, the Heritage Medical Research Institute, the Pew Charitable Trust, the Michael J. Fox Foundation, and the Sloan Foundation; the Beckman Institute supports the Resource Center on CLARITY, Optogenetics, and Vector Engineering (CLOVER) for technology development and broad dissemination.
The swirling skies of Vincent Van Gogh's Starry Night illustrate a mystery that has eluded biologists for more than a century—why do we perceive the color blue in the dimly lit night sky? A newly discovered mechanism of color vision in mice might help answer this question, Caltech researchers say.
The work, which was done in the laboratory of Markus Meister, Anne P. and Benjamin F. Biaggini Professor of Biological Sciences, will be published on April 14 in the print edition of the journal Nature.
In humans, vision is enabled by two types of light-sensitive photoreceptor cells called rods and cones. When these photoreceptors detect light, they send a signal to specialized neurons in the retina called retinal ganglion cells, or RGCs, which then transmit visual information to the brain by firing electrical pulses along the optic nerve.
A standard biology textbook would likely explain that vision in dim light is enabled by rods—sensitive light detectors that are only capable of producing black and white vision. Color vision, on the other hand, is enabled by cones, which are active in bright light. Humans have three types of cones, and each cone contains a different light-sensitive chemical, or pigment, that reacts to different colors, or wavelengths, of light. We have red-, green-, and blue-sensitive cones, and the brain perceives color by comparing the different signals it receives from nearby cones of each type.
To explore whether or not there were other modes of color vision, Meister and his team studied another mammal: the mouse. Previous behavioral studies indicated that mice are indeed capable of some form of color vision. As in humans, that vision is dependent on light signals picked up by cones. Mice have two types of cones—one that is sensitive to medium-wavelength green light and one that is sensitive to short-wavelength ultraviolet light (UV).
"The odd thing about the mouse is that these two kinds of cones are actually located in different parts of the retina," Meister says. "Mice look at the upper part of the visual field with their UV cones and the lower part with their green cones. We wanted to know how a mouse perceives color when any given part of the image is analyzed with only one cone or the other cone—meaning the brain can't compare the two cone signals to determine a color."
The researchers discovered that a certain type of neuron in the mouse retina, called a JAMB retinal ganglion cell (J-RGC), was critical. These J-RGCs can signal color to the brain because they fire faster in response to green light and stop firing in response to ultraviolet light. Curiously, the J-RGCs were turned on by green light even in the upper part of the visual field, which contained no green cones.
Through additional experiments, Meister and his team discovered how the J-RGC compares signals from the ultraviolet cones to signals from rods, which are also sensitive in the green part of the spectrum. This revealed, for the first time, an essential antagonistic relationship between the rods and the cones of the retina. Rods excite a neuron called a horizontal cell, which then inhibits the ultraviolet cones.
Meister and his colleague, first author Maximilian Joesch from Harvard University, wanted to determine how this color vision system would be helpful to a mouse in its natural environment. To find out, they fitted a camera with filters that would replicate the wavelengths detected by the mouse rods and cones and used it to take images of plants and materials that a mouse might encounter in nature.
Their photographic scavenger hunt yielded two materials—seeds and mouse urine—that were much more visible through the mouse's green and ultraviolet system than through human color vision. The researchers speculate that because mice need seeds for sustenance and use urine for social communication—via "urine posts," a form of territorial marking—they might use this mechanism to find food and spot neighbors.
Meister says there is reason to believe that this same pathway—from rods to horizontal cells to cones—is responsible for the human perception of the color blue in dim light. In the human retina, the horizontal cell preferentially inhibits the red and green cones, but not the blue cones.
"In really dim light, our cones don't receive enough photons to work, but they continue to emit a low-level baseline signal to the rest of the retina that is independent of light," he explains. "The rods are active, however, and through the horizontal cell they inhibit both the red and green cones. Because this baseline signal from the red and green cones is suppressed, it looks like the blue cones are more active. To the rest of the retina, it seems like everything in the field of vision is blue."
So, perhaps Van Gogh's color choice for the night sky was a biological decision as well as an artistic one. "Color has intrigued scientists, artists, and poets throughout human civilization. Our paper adds to the understanding of how this quality of the world is perceived," Meister says.
Meister's work was published in a paper titled "A neuronal circuit for color vision based on rod-cone opponency." Funding for the work was provided by the National Institutes of Health and The International Human Frontier Science Program Organization.


text:
Ive got a terminal which sends data to a host that is wrapped with
<stx> and
However when it enters the network it always has 5/6 bytes of junk data in place of the
<stx> and the first few expected bytes which incidentally are all zeros.
More often than not a
<CAN> appears where I would expect the
There is no reason to doubt the network and the terminal is brand new. But I would reckon that the fault is on the terminal side. Anybody see anything like this before and how can I trouble shoot it?


text:
In reading several editorials in various media lately, yours seems to be on the same theme that the god Obama needs to be given four more years to finishing destroying this country. He hasn't been able to do what he needs to do so let's give him some more time. Time to lecture us on how we should not speak ill of anyone unless they do not have liberal ideas. Time to keep saying everything is not my fault and you need to blame someone else (just who is he going to blame if reelected). Time to lecture ...
Twenty-five years after sociologist William Julius Wilson's important study of urban decline and vanishing "marriageable men," poverty is still with us. At least, we're finding lots of new ways to argue about it, even if our theories are no less sharply divided than the rest of our politics.
Nobody's really sure whether or not presidential debates actually influence voters' decisions, although the so-called experts say the small minority of undecided voters are indeed subject to what goes on when candidates stand behind lecterns and fire bombs at each other. If that's indeed true, then the contest between President Obama and Mitt Romney got a bit tighter Wednesday night, as even the staunchest liberals conceded that Romney got the best of the president in their first debate.
For some time now, I have been attending Camden City Council meetings, reading letters to the C-I editor and participating in citizen meetings supporting a sports facility referendum.
I love Mrs. Montgomery. I am sure many of my former classmates enjoyed Harvey Teal's October 1 (Kershaw County Historical Society column), "A visit with 'Coota' Montgomery." I still find it very difficult to address her as Coota. She will always be Mrs. Montgomery to me.
Six weeks have passed since my oldest son walked through our back door. The mere mention of this makes the stretch seem even longer. Of course, aside from a normal dose of missing their brother, for his siblings, this time represents six weeks of more slices of pizza at dinner, shorter waits for the bathroom, and total control of the TV remote. For me, it suggests more intangibles. It is the void, the missing place setting at our table, and the one less body charging down the stairs for breakfast like a horse running for open country.
A graveside service for James L. " Jimmy" Creed, Jr., 54, of Camden, SC, will be held at 4:00PM, Friday, October 5, 2012 at Quaker Cemetery in Camden. Father Ernie Pollock will officiate. A gathering will be held following the service at the Camden Country Club. In lieu of flowers, the family requests that memorials in Jimmy's memory be made to Alphanet, Inc, 2937 SW 27th Ave., Suite 305, Coconut Grove, FL 33133; Grace Episcopal Church, 1315 Lyttleton St., Camden, SC 29020; or Walter M. Crowe Animal Shelter, 460 Fair St., Camden, SC 29020
Viola Wood, 87, of 16 Amhurst Lane in Lugoff, died Wednesday, October 3, 2012. Plans will be announced by Collind Funeral Home.
As Lyttleton Street United Methodist Church (LSUMC) celebrated its 225th anniversary during Sunday Homecoming, it bestowed a special honor, surprising one of its most beloved former ministers.
The Kershaw County Recreation Department and SAFE Federal Credit Union are sponsoring the Annual Trick-or-Treat Trail on Oct. 31 from 5:30 to 7:30 p.m. at the Rhame City Arena, 517 Broad Street, Camden.
Among the animals available for adoption at the Walter M. Crowe Animal Shelter are BlackJack, a young male retriever/lab mix and Petie, a 2-month-old gray domestic shorthaired kitten. The adoption donation includes spaying or neutering. The shelter, located at the south end of Fair Street and managed by the Kershaw County Humane Society, is open 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. Tuesday through Friday and 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. Saturday. The shelter is closed Sunday and Monday. The shelter is closed Sunday and Monday. For information on the shelter or to check for a missing ...
To showcase its continued commitment to recycling efforts, the city of Camden is offering a pilot program with a limited number of 65-gallon recycling bins which are 3.5 times larger than the current recycling containers. This allows for more space for weekly recyclables.
Mr. Clarence Benjamin, Jr. of Fairburn, GA entered into rest on Friday, September 27, 2012. Wake services will be held Wednesday October 3, 2012 from 6-7 p.m. at Greater Elizabeth Missionary Baptist Church. 4555 Campbellton Rd. SW Atlanta, GA with remains placed in state at 5p.m. Funeral services will be held Saturday October 6, 2012 at 1 p.m. at St. John Baptist Church 3238 John G. Richards Rd. HWY 97 Camden, S.C with Rev. Eddie C. Moore officiating. The remains will lie in state at the church from 12:00 p.m. until the hour of ...
James L. "Shotgun" Massey of 508 Dove Rd., Camden, SC entered into rest Monday, October 1, 2012 at his residence.
Ms. Estelle Louise Belton, 68, of 2404 Salmond Street, Camden, SC passed on Wednesday, October 3, 2012.
The Kershaw County Sheriff's Office (KCSO) is seeking information about the man in this picture who appears to be stealing an air conditioning unit ...
Mark Williams Collision Center LLC, of Lugoff, recently received recognition as a winner of the 2015 AutocheX Premier Achiever for outstanding customer service and satisfaction.
The board of directors of First Palmetto Financial Corporation, parent company of First Palmetto Bank, has declared a quarterly dividend of $385 per share of ...
Lugoff-Elgin High School recently announced its honor rolls for the fourth nine-weeks period.
It was an eventful spring for Auburn University sophomore and former Lugoff-Elgin standout Kelli Murphy.
Camden Branch
The Springdale 5k at Sunrise Walk and Run, will be held on Saturday August 20, 2016. The 5k Walk and Run will begin at 8 ...
With the school season rapidly coming to a close that means it is time for summer youth sports camps throughout Kershaw County.
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