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Beware of MilletHealthy Living
Gluten allergies are clearly on the increase in our modern society. It seems like practically every other person I know these days has some sort of digestive issue that avoiding gluten would probably improve.
At the top of the list of gluten containing foods is wheat, the indisputable, primary staple of the Western diet and the very foundation of the hopelessly misguided USDA Food Pyramid. Given how important bread and other wheat based carbohydrates are to our society's basic food requirements, it's no wonder that folks seek a quick and easy substitute for wheat bread and wheat based snacks when a gluten allergy or celiac disease has been diagnosed.
Millet: An Ancient Whole Grain
Enter millet. This ancient grain was cultivated in East Asia as far back as 10,000 years ago, according to archaeologists. Surprisingly, cultivation of millet in prehistoric times was more prevalent than even rice, particularly in what is now China and the Korean peninsula.
Millet's resistance to drought is perhaps the reason for its popularity in ancient times and its spread to Europe by 5000 B.C.
Despite the 5000 year difference in adapting this whole grain as a staple food, millet porridge is considered a traditional food in Russia as well as China! Use of millet is also widespread in Africa, known for its drought prone climate.
Millet Bread: A Logical Substitute for Wheat
The protein structure of millet is quite similar to wheat. The one glaring exception is that millet is a non gluten grain. Wheat contains copious amounts of this hard to digest plant protein.
When millet flour is used for baking bread, the resulting loaf is light, white, and quite similar in texture to wheat bread. As a result, people who wish to avoid gluten tend to immediately gravitate to millet bread as the most logical and palatable substitute.
Millet bread is extremely popular in healthfood stores. Sami's Bakery and Deland Bakery are two local bakeries that sell an absolute ton of millet bread to these stores around my local metro area. I recently corresponded with a person up the East Coast of the USA who was consuming a lot of the millet/flax chips from Sami's Bakery as an alternative to wheat based snacks and had no idea of the potential health risks from consuming so much millet.
It was this discussion that led me to write this blog and warn folks about the dangers of consuming too much millet!
Beware of Millet – A Potent Goitrogen
While millet may not contain gluten, it does contain goitrogens. Goitrogens are those substances in food that suppress thyroid activity and can lead to goiter, an enlargement of this very important gland which resides in the throat. Low iodine intake can also lead to goiter.
Hypothyroidism is a serious and sometimes debilitating condition that accompanies a weak or enlarged thyroid such as what occurs with goiter. Depression, difficulty losing weight, loss of hair, cold hands/feet, and fatigue are common hypothyroid symptoms. By some estimates, hypothyroidism is at epidemic proportions in Western society.
While the goitrogens in foods that contain them are usually reduced by cooking (such as cruciferous vegetables), cooking actually increases the goitrogenic effect of millet! Therefore, when folks begin eating large amounts of millet bread with a wholesale switch over from wheat, the goitrogenic effects of this simple dietary change can be profound.
Eat Millet in Moderation
Protect your thyroid at all costs! It is a real challenge to unwind the effects of hypothyroidism once this vital gland is weakened or enlarged. Don't take any chances with your thyroid health by consuming large amounts of millet bread or millet based snacks. If gluten and/or wheat is a problem, then simply reduce bread consumption or use another grain that is both non gluten containing and non goitrogenic such as rice or oats. Occasional millet bread consumption is fine if your thyroid is healthy – just don't overdo!
Given how difficult it is in modern society to maintain thyroid and overall glandular health, taking a chance by eating a lot of millet bread is a risky proposition indeed. Traditional peoples did not have the constant stresses and strains on their glands like modern people do with the pollution of our food, water, air and overall environment. Therefore, we must be overprotective of our glandular health and avoid regular consumption of foods that might impair it in any way.
Sarah, The Healthy Home Economist
More Information
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Comments (189)
Not only does the following blog post go in the same direction as The Health Economist, but sources are cited as well:
Too much of everything is bad, even drinking too much water causes hyponetremia. so moderation in everything is better, but avoid it if it's poison for you. thanks
Re millet: I like millet porridge. I also take iodine/iodide drops. It is also necessary to get enough tyrosine (amino acid) in your diet thru consumption of complete protein. And also, just avoid unhealthy foods and substances in general.
Therefore, I don't worry about socalled goitrogenic foods. All things in moderation. Of course, if thyroid problems run in your family, simply avoiding millet and other socalled goitrogenic foods would not be enough. You have to get to the heart of things. Further investigation and advice are necessary.
I'm hypothyroid and have been taking thyroid meds for many years. I recently read that sorghum is goitrogenic too, because supposedly it's closely related to millet. Do you know if that is true? I can't find any confirmation of this claim.
I just came across this post, as I have been on a GAPS diet for two years and have just decided to introduce organic millet into my diet in a very small amount. I prepare the millet by soaking it in a mixture of 1 tablespoon ACV to 1 cup filtered water overnight before using it as an addition to coconut flour muffins. While I am soaking them to make them easier to digest, I am very interested in what the soaking does to the goitrogens. Thank you.
Robert Barton
What if i cook the millet with kombu? The sea kelp contains iodine thus ensuring no iodine deficiency. Problem solved. Thx
Ginger Coleen
Avoiding goitrogens because they can "cause" thyroid issues has pretty much been debunked. In fact, plants do not "contain" goitrogens. They may have a goitrogenic effect but there is no element in a plant called a goitrogen
Here is a current take on goitrogens: http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=george&dbid=250. So many things that we once thought were harmful have been proven not to be now. So, I feel that this is simply "old school" thought patterns being repeated. The link I provide above is not the only place you will find more up-to-date information about this subject.
Telling people to substitute rice or oats can also be harmful in some individuals. Eating too much rice can raise glucose levels and possibly contribute to Diabetes 2. Oats contain phytic acid which binds to minerals and keeps your body from absorbing them.
Sarah TheHealthyHomeEconomist
I haven't found any credible sources that debunk this at all!
I stated eating millet flour in bread and pancakes this last winter. Thyroid gland was removed in 2011 so on total medication. Debilitating fatigue overtook me but hadn't changed my dose so wondered if it was the millet. Things corrected when I cut back on the millet so maybe there is something to this. I'm going to be more aware from now on but millet is a great flour for gluten free baking. Will miss it but maybe try subbing with other things like oats.
Hi everyone!
It is the american diet!
Go to Africa they live up to the 110+. It is because of their diet.
The American diet is killing our people! Why? SUGAR!
Claire Paravel
No they are dying of aids life expectancy now is between 37-43 in sub Sahara Africa.
But you are right about sugar public enemy number 1
That's a lie! Stop listening to what the media tells you and educate yourself.
Claire, you have just lied professional about aids killing everyone in Africa. I can assure you that Africa is closer to nature in terms of diet than the western world. And nature keeps your life longer.
Frederick, those are very harsh words and simply not true. According to Bloomberg rankings the healthiest populations in the world reside in Western countries and Asia. Meanwhile all of the unhealthiest populations in the world live in Africa with the exception of Israel. You should do your research before spouting off at some else especially when they are right.
If hypothyroidism is rampant in the West, yet millet is frequently consumed in Russia and China (and other areas of the world), yet those areas are not showing increase of hypothyroidism, one has to wonder if millet actually constitutes a threat or perhaps other dietary 'norms' in the Western (if not US) diet is to blame?
Put more simply, if the billions of millet-eating Chinese are not showing signs of hypothyroidism, millet does not suggest to be a problem.
Sarah TheHealthyHomeEconomist
Yes, within the context of a traditional, iodine rich diet and the absence of thyroid disease, moderate millet consumption would be fine. Westerners don't typically have these two things going for them, however.
Cara Morales
I would like to point out that broccoli and many other "healthy" greens are goitrogens as well.
The other things Westerners do that many others don't is they find an alternative food then overdue it on eating eat. This happened with soy over a decade ago. People in the US heard "it is good for you" so they started eating it 5 times a day. They then increased their estrogen-mimicking compounds. Some women may have gotten breast cancer from this. Then they re-interviewed Asians many whom ate soy and they only ate 1-2 servings a day. Many Americans overdue it whether it is healthy exercise, healthy food, bad food, alcohol, excess seems to be a trend. So I think it is good to be warned about Millet because someone will read about it and start eating it 5 times a day-such a US American thing.
Sarah, you need to distinguish between "Westerners" and "Americans" when it comes to diet. This is very misleading. Westerners in general have extremely healthy diets, in fact they are the longest living and healthiest populations in the world. Western Europe and Australia dominate the list and they are all Western countries. America is only one Western country, it has its own diet which has yielded its own issues and does not represent what the rest of the Western world eats. We (Americans) invented and embraced the fast food toxic garage diet (SAD) and we need to own that. In fact if more of us ate like the rest of the Western countries we would all be a lot better off.
Thinking Man
Your point makes sense.
I would ask whether the goitrogens remain there after fermentation since most people through most of human history consumed fermented grains. If they are no longer present after fermenting millet batter or dough, then problem solved. Ferment before you bake.
Same question for sprouting.
Holly Dumont
From my research, it appears that since pearl millet is the most widely eaten of the millets, followed by fonio millet, that only these have been assessed. The causative components resulting in goitre are apigenin and luteolin, both of which can interfere with thyroid function. Fonio millet also contain these, but no other millets have been assessed for the presence of these substances.
Millet is a group of 500 grains. Many of them from different families. So far, Setaria italic, Foxtail Millet, Eleusine Coracana, Finger Millet, and Panicum Miliaeum, Proso Millet have not been tested for apigenin and luteolin.
So, don't throw the baby out with the bath water.
Thank you very much. This is good to know as I was considering switching from rice to millet for nutritional reasons.
Sarah TheHealthyHomeEconomist
Nothing wrong with millet in moderation … just don't overdo!
Sarah, what is mild moderation? Let's say you had four slices (small sandwhich size) daily and no more.
Would that constitute as too much?
Sarah TheHealthyHomeEconomist
I would say that 4 slices daily is far too much. We eat a millet sourdough in our home and I won't allow our family more than 1 or 2 slices at the most … with many days none at all.
lucy worthington
I am getting really into my wholefoods and cooking everything from scratch. I ordered some Millet and have made a DELICIOUS soup out of it and thought I'd cracked the best recipe yet…. that was until someone at work mentioned that millet can be incredibly hard to digest. I suffer from poor digestion and am now worried that my souper soup wis bad for me!
I soaked the grain for 24 hours, boiled it & then blended half of the mix (kept the other half chunky). Can you please advise if this is a grain I should avoid reusing?
Read an article saying millets are very effective in kidney stone removal. How far is it true? Also,when i checked the grocery store I found different varities of millets like Jowar,Bajra etc. Which millet is exactly used to treat kideney stone?Kindly reply.
Hi Sarah, very well written. Can you please provide details regarding the goitrogenicity of millets? Can you suggest the best way of cooking to reduce the goitrogens in millets?
Would sprouted millet have goitrogens as well?
Sarah TheHealthyHomeEconomist
Yes it would.
Pingback: About Millet porridge - IndusLadies
Hi Sarah, TY for this information. I recently learned that I am allergic to the entire wheat plant (not just a sensitivity to its gluten part) and now cannot have anything that contains wheat at all. (Do you know how many, condiments, sauces, drinks and other stuff are made with wheat in them??? Most everything!) It's so frustrating. I thought I'd simply make an easy "switch" to millet… but now have second thoughts on that idea. I'll certainly research some more– Thanks again!
Jody Balda
Dina I have a simaler issue with wheat but I have switched to spelt and have had not problems. Also I would look into the blood type diet. I follow it and have had great results in my health. I am B blood type and Millet is proven through the studies of this diet by a MD that millet is a highly benacicial grain for Bs. I am curiouse to know the blood type of the person sighted in this post.
Spelt IS wheat!
Yes, but it is the original. Today's wheat is hybridized, hence the allergies. Many people who can't tolerate wheat do tolerate spelt.
Dina, please be careful about trying spelt! Do research and speak with your doctor. Here is an article that has a lot of information: http://www.allergy-details.com/gluten-free-diet/spelt-safe-wheat-free-or-gluten-free-diet/
My son is highly wheat allergic and I am wheat intolerant, though not tested for celiac. Neither my son nor I can have spelt. If your doctor says you can try spelt, please do so with another person present who knows what to do if you have a reaction. Allergies can be life-threatening.
Lately the word I have been hearing is that a chemical found in roundup may be what people are allergic to. If been hearing anecdotes of folks that have been diagnosed gluten free having no issues with organically produced wheat products. I think the chemical is called Glyphosate.
Maybe there is an issue of chemical sensitivity for many people, as opposed to gluten sensitivity.
Sourdough is one great solution to the gluten problem. The culture eats all of the gluten in wheat.
I have always been a big fan of sourdough bread and now for the first time I am about to bake my own, because I have discovered a very simple way to make it. Kefir – water or milk kefir. No need to maintain a sourdough starter. The kefir which I always have growing in my kitchen anyway, because of its incredible health benefits is loaded with many different probiotic bacteria & yeast cultures, and it acts as the starter. I mixed water kefir with flour yesterday morning and by evening I had a bubbling mass of dough. I let it go another 16 hours to make it more sour and to be sure all gluten was gone. Now ready to bake. I used 80% whole wheat and 20% millet flour. I made a wet dough initially and added much of the millet flour this morning to get the right moisture content. I made it wet initially so that it would culture more quickly.
Tim, could you possibly post your recipe for your bread made with Kefir–I would be very interested. How do you start your kefir supply, does it last a long time before you start a new batch?
Steve Gumieny
Millet contains high amounts of Vitamin B17,this Vitamin is actually on the controlled substance list in America,along with the chemicals that produce lab quality cocaine,meth,etc……While I agree with the limitations of access to the chemicals that help produce harmful drugs for society….Vitamin B-17 ?
It is proven B-17 is a naturally occurring vitamin that the human body needs to be healthy,it is purposely removed by the FDA,why ? Idyuno …..As I research ,I have yet to find any valid reasons for it as of this date.
Yes B-17 is proven to keep the body from harmful cancer effects,hence when the body is determining it is not getting the vitamin and mineral needs it requires,it goes into a natural shutdown process,of which is cancer .Cancer is simply to the bodies cells and the degenerative process of eliminating the body from planet earth,because it is not getting treated the way it should be in nature.
Nature doesn't care about it,nor does it have any sympathy for it….
As far as any Thyroid issues developing,,,?
I'll take my chances OK.
5000 years of history of generations of life, proves a little more to us than one vague ,unproven study of the recent age.
Lastly,check out the rise in Cancer in America,since the removal of Millet as the flour of choice in America in 1977……
That's not a study its statistical proof….
Any questions ?
If you develop thyroid issues,your still not treating your body the way you should.
Simple activity,rest,proper sleep with a varied healthy choice in the foods you eat.This is the key to a longer,healthier life,.It'll never make you live till 200 years old,but while your here ,you should enjoy less of a nuisance from your body as Socrates quotes in the Symposium.
"vitamin" B17 is not proven to protect from cancer or cure it. It isn't even a vitamin, but calling it one is just an attempt at hiding what it really is.
The reason it is banned is because it can be easily processed to produce cyanide. It is also toxic to humans and will produce cyanide in the body after ingestion.
Apparently you didn't go very far in your research.
Geogal, this is what the government will tell you because quite frankly they stand to benefit more by sick people needing pharmaceuticals, than healthy people who can heal themselves. Here is a link to some information on this and its pertinence to almonds. I think you will find it interesting to say the least. Researching both sides of this story is important however and I am still doing the research, but hence to say this has honestly made me question everything when it comes to our food supply and what we should believe to be true. http://www.lewrockwell.com/2014/09/no_author/death-by-almonds/
I don't think you have researched it very extensively.
I think the only "valid" study is the first listed…that being said, it concludes, "that in areas of iodine deficiency in which millet is a major component of the diet, its ingestion may contribute to the genesis of endemic goiter." Iodine deficiency if very rarely a problem in western countries. As someone else stated, this study is from 1989…very old.
I think it's too bad that so many people take what others post in blogs and personal websites as truth. You should always do your own research.
I definitely agree with Rachel! There are so many comments and blogs which have not been properly researched! There is a vast variety of grains and seeds that are called Millets. Actually many of them are not even related to others. Eliminating all of them from your diet is a very sad consequence of reading this article, especially for those who are gluten intolerant. By making sure that you have a source of iodine in your diet, then you should be quite safe. This author did not give her credentials, nor what kind millet she was referring to. If she really understood millet, she would have been more specific. It is highly unlikely that all millets have this quality, and it shouldn't be dangerous to the majority of people, as stated in the research study, if they have a normal amount of iodine in their diet! I certainly won't be eliminating Millets from my GF diet! Variety is the key.
Thanks for the information on millet. Any suggestion on diet for people with diabetes and hypothyroidism? Since wheat has gluten and millet has goitrogen, is rice the only healthy option for people with diabetes and hypothyroidism?
Nope you guys can also try Amaranath or its called RajGaro in Gujrati available as a flour in all Indian supermarkets in the USA. This Grain is Gluten Free, has a little bit of a strong odor, so I have to mix it in other flours when making. I can't have millet.
Helga Powell
Thank you so much for the information about millet. Just found
Sami's millet sourdough bread, but I will limit myself to 2 slices per week for French toast on Sunday. (Also watching blood sugar levels.)
Actually Sarah, oats are not gluten free and should not be consumed by Coeliacs.
I think we are all individual and too much of any food is bad for us, people have even died from consuming too much water.
I follow the D'Adamo Genotype diet for Explorer individualised through SWAMI which suits me to a tee. I have a focus on maintaining an optimal PH balance towards slight alkalinity as despite eating a "healthy" diet I was highly acidic with symptoms of joint aches and pains.
We need to start listening to our bodies as they will give us signs at to what is wrong, sadly all the food guidelines are horribly wrong and it grieves me to see clients with Diabetes following a low fat, high carbohydrate diet with very poor results.
Actually Melanie, non contaminated oats ARE gluten free. Oats do not contain gluten, and are not even related to grains that do contain gluten.
La Frite
Well, bread in general is to be ditched as a staple food. But occasional millet based foods, why not ? Like everything in nutrition, the dose makes the poison and looking into minutia will drive you crazy with unfounded worries. Unless you know yourself some specific allergies to this or that, I see no reason to avoid millet at all cost. Gluten bearing grains are another matter. Gluten is known to be very problematic even at small doses and is not worth the deal (as much as I liked my french baguettes …).
Pat Brand via Facebook
Good info.
Tracy Timmerman Callow via Facebook
Just like anything… moderation. I'm always surprised how people follow the latest food fad and eat said food daily because it's reportedly "good for them." It's the same with anything. Thanks for this info!
Shantell Langford via Facebook
What would you say is moderation? Once or twice a week? Thank you for this information! It is always so very helpful!
Daedra Surowiec via Facebook
Jeez, is there ANYTHING we can eat?!? Kelly Modreski Planko
John Yates via Facebook
Antonina Trotska
Josephine Wennerholm via Facebook
Gosh, I didn't know … thank you!
Alma Aranda via Facebook
Sources to back up your claims?
Larry Thomas via Facebook
Sue Geeser
Yelena Zakharova via Facebook
Thank you so much for sharing this important information, Sarah! Ate some millet as a child growing up in Soviet Union, and did have goiter when came to live in the US, but I think my thyroid was affected by lots of stress- do take good care of it! So grateful for your page!!!
Laila LisaMarie Prescott via Facebook
I only bought it once after reading that it promoted lactation – relieved it didn't become popular in my kitchen!
JÚst Bec via Facebook
Dee J Angel this is it.
Carissa Catellier via Facebook
Traci Puschak Pretzel read this!!!! Ehh, not sure what to think, let me know your thoughts.
Angelika Dorothe Veach via Facebook
anything sprayed w a Roundup could not be healthy to breathe or eat. (y)
Simple solution, when you make millet bread add a tsp of KELP powder to your bread.
It doesn't affect the taste or rising ability of the dough but adds enough iodine to the diet to help counteract the goitrogens effect on the thyroid.
Add kelp, and you're adding arsenic — kelp is very high in arsenic.
Wind Lakotah-Lolli Sammisjay via Facebook
I know first hand…have it as well.:(
Kerry M Adams via Facebook
Nothing is safe anymore …
Thank you so much for this information! My daughters and I have been gluten free due to auto immune disorders. We have struggled finding a bread we enjoy and pretty much gave up until we found the Deland bread last week. This article was sooooo important for me seeing that I suffer from Hashimoto and was just adjusted again with my meds in hopes of shrinking a nodule which has started to grow quicker recently. Having this knowledge will hopefully give me the best chance to avoid surgery. I can't imagine not having known this until 2 months down the road for my next check up! I really can't thank you enough for this life changing information!!!! Thank you from the bottom of my heart!!!!
Osmond Naylor
Goitrogens are found in a number of foods but in low levels. The levels may be higher in millet but the other health benefits of all of these foods are such that reducing or even cutting them out your diet can easily saddle you with a lot of other health problems. Well balanced diets even out the poor health effects of any food. Unless you have a serious problem with your thyroid do not take the article too seriously foods containing iodine will level out the goitregens just as the goitregens will level out the of too high an iodine diet. If you cut out all foods that have unhealthy effects then death by starvation will no doubt result. Such a death is not healthy.
In South Karnataka which is a part of southern India(300kms radius around bangalore) has been consuming Finger Millet as their Staple Food for thousand and thousand of years. They eat for breakfast, lunch and dinner. I do not see any Goitrogen effect. Anyone who consumes Finger Millet has the least health problem in this region. Please do not get panicked by this. Some time experience and history is better than research. Some thing missing in the research which cannot justify this Goitrogen effect in millet in this region
I agree with Sashi, Even in Tamil Nadu , south India , People ate only millets in their diet.I confirmed with my granny and she said they use to eat rice only in some festival times.Other days only millets were their only diet.Millet is called wonder grain.Please dont fall prey in some data in the internet.Both actual and opposite data will be available.So better surf every other source of information before beleiving in one single post.
Please include the wonder grain in your diet for living a healthy life.
How about pearl millet found in abundance in india and jowar?
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For many people dairy and animal products are more problematic than grains. Most healthy cultures do not eat a lot meat , but grains, beans etc.And is some even no dairy at all.
Important note. Bird seed is often Millet. Birds aren't all getting Goiter or Health thyroid related problems are they? The rats are fed exclusively millet 95%. This can create Nutrient Deficiencies. These Deficiencies could cause problems for health. For example with many people a deficiency of Fat Soluble vitamins get many health issues. That doesn't mean some toxic substance in those people's diet is causing problems, rather the lack of a necessary nutrient. Lack of vitamin A can cause thyroid problems and 100 grams of millet contains 0% daily recommended intake of A, or E fat soluble vitamins..HOWEVER… the fact that unlike other grains, millet contains vitamin B -17, well known to cure cancer, is a strong motivation for a smear campaign of stupid lab tests to scare people away from millet. ( FACT: at least a dozen cancer cures have been suppressed as it's a huge money making industry) Just eat a balanced diet including fat soluble vitamins (cold fermented cod liver oil) and I believe millet isn't a problem. PS it seems grey colored millet is the worst according to the lab tests for anti thyroid affects, on the extremely restricted lab diet. I might be wrong but this is my current belief unless I learn more to change my mind. Ps thanks to the writer of this article as all facts should be researched and because of this article I've been doing some interesting research.
Thanks for the info. My research show almost all the tons of research papers about millet being bad for the Thyroid are probably only tested with Pearl Millet. Just 1 type out of at least 14 types of Millet!! Are all varieties of beans the same? Of course not! Why would all millets be the same? The anti-thyroid chemicals in the Pearl Millet are the Flavanoids which is from the Latin word Flavus meaning yellow. Pearl Millet is Yellow!! Why don't you buy a healthy red millet such as Finger Millet, which has more calcium than milk (and any other food that I'm aware of), and is much healthier than Pearl Millet. Buy some 15% Lugols Iodine from Austrailia, (That strength was banned in America by corrupt officials on grounds that it could be used in a Meth lab to make drugs, Yeah right, as if that's what people buy it for and a stick could be used to kill someone why don't you ban sticks.) Supplement your Iodine and your good to go. Wash and drain millet or any grain before using as they do in Asia, you'll drain colored water a few times till it stops coloring so easy, then cook or use. If you don't feel safe, fine, do a grain free diet and don't look back. It's no big deal. A plate full of veggies and meat will fill you up and eat fruit, eggs, and milk or yogurt as well. You won't even miss grains. Good luck.
A post at curezone from someone who experienced dental healing on a vegetarian
diet. He attributes a lot of that to millet.
It looks like there are no hard and fast rules when it comes to health and healing.
How discouraging! I just switched to millet to offer a hearty side dish to my always-hungry husband and growing boys. For those of us trying to avoid inflammation, all grains (including rice) are out. Some people are saying now that oats are extremely toxic and should be completely avoided – read Cure Tooth Decay by Ramiel Nagel. Heavy sigh.
Rayben Sanga
I have experienced severe pains after taking millet porridge for three consecutive days because my friend had suggezsted that it helps to supress ulcers. How after three days it turned a nightmare. Severe pains in the upper part of the abdomen like burning fire! A Ugandan lady told me that millet porridge is not good for people with ulcers or hypergastric. May be thos prepraring the millet flour mix with othe substances to make more money at the expense of our health. That the challeneg of urbanisation even in Africa, my continent.
I ate millet porridge one time and threw it all up and felt extremely ill. Plus it tastes horrid. I don't throw up as a rule, only when I tried millet, and then gin one time, and sherry on another occasion, in my lifetime… I am in my late fifties.
Millet is featured on the site "World's Healthiest Foods."
I'm sure your heart was in the right place but, you need to provide references. I work in research. This is the first I've heard of millet causing health issues. I've searched the web, even called a good friend who has a PhD in Health science and Nutrition. Everyone else talks about the health benefits. And My PhD Friend said Millet is a "Light" goitrogen, which matches what I've read online. You need to make sure the places you are finding information are valuable. While your intentions may have been good, there are people who have read this and might stop eating millet when it is actually good for them.
Thanks for the article, Sarah. I'm wondering if the consumption of high iodine foods such as kelp, seaweed, etc. might help to counter the effects of goitrogenic foods?
Before you remove Millet from your diet, do your own research. This is the first I've heard of millet causing health issues. I've searched the web, even called a good friend who has a PhD in Health science and Nutrition. Everyone else talks about the health benefits. And My PhD Friend said Millet is a "Light" goitrogen, which matches what I've read online. I'm not sure Sara made sure the places you are finding information are valuable.
Eric Brooks
On iodine and goitrogens. Get -adequate- iodine but don't overdo it, because consuming too much iodine can also cause thyroid problems.
My 2.5 yr old son is allergic to wheat and intolerant to gluten and oats. We gave him a Millet flour sandwich and an hour later he broke out into hives. It was a strange reaction since he gets rashes or severe itching (eczema) when he eats (or has eaten) foods he is allergic or intolerant to.
Agatha Cherubin
Hi Sarah,
Thanks for the extra info on millet, but your mention of oats as gluten free is not correct, because being some one who suffers from gluten allergy, oats is also a problem for me. But you can buy special gluten free oats on the market or shops, though the cost is sky high. I love oats very much, but I have had to stop eating it because of it's effect on my digestive organs, and it's the same as wheat. Right now my diet consists mainly of rice; rice bread, rice cereal, just riceeeee! I can't imagine adding more rice to my diet. Any other ideas? Thanks.
Oats are gluten free if you buy those that are not contaminated by wheat. Just because you have issues with oats does not mean they are not gluten free, it just means you have an issue with oats.
You can try sorgham, coconut flour, quinoa. Freedom foods and Bobs red mill make gluten free oats,but there can be reaction to some people.There is a misconception that the oats is contaminated with wheat but this is not the case. Some people's immune system cannot tolerate oats and it may be worth a try as this occurs in a small number of cases. If your reactions are severe then its best to avoid.
I know this article was written in June, however I have had so many of my clients tell me that they are eating copious amounts of millet that I just had to share this post on my website. See you next week in Santa Clara! I'm so excited for this year's conference!
Before you remove Millet from your diet, do your own research. This is the first I've heard of millet causing health issues. I've searched the web, even called a good friend who has a PhD in Health science and Nutrition. Everyone else talks about the health benefits. And My PhD Friend said Millet is a "Light" goitrogen, which matches what I've read online. I'm not sure Sara made sure the places you are finding information are valuable.
I've never researched Millet, but my mother-in-law (old-school Farm-girl and 1/2 Cherokee) always told me that if you had nothing else to eat you could survive on millet because it's got every nutrient a body needs. I'm going to research more on this. thanks for your reply.
Laura Cortes via Facebook
Thanks for the info I do eat Grain free and have been on meds for 20 years for hypothyroid..About 6 mon ago I stared using coconut oil and I have seen improvement my doc lowered my meds I was happy..learning more very day about it thanks to sites like your's
Katie Funk via Facebook
Take turmeric for an incredible anti inflammatory
Katie Funk via Facebook
Goitrogenic foods like cabbage/broccoli/kale need to be steamed or cooked ….then they are fine
Georgia Brinkley via Facebook
thanks for this, i've started replacing rice with it.
Becky Sher via Facebook
According to people's experience in the Hashimoto's 411 group, you can try the goitrogenic food and see which one bothers you. It may not affect you. Everyone is different. Plus if you cook it or ferment it, it destroys most of the goitrogenic substance, except millet and soy. Dr. K also mentioned that it should not cause problem except if you a lot of it.
Nina King via Facebook
Good grief what am I going to eat then. So sad about that list above.
Firstly, I really appreciate your WAPF videos. I bought 'Nourishing Traditions' recently and the videos are a big help. Have a question though – a lot of the focus is on hypothyroidism, which is apparently more widespread, but how about HYPERthyroidism (which my mom has)? Does eating goitrogenic foods like bok choy and broccoli actually help in this case? Trying to find some answers. If anyone knows, please share. Thanks!
Charlotte Lee via Facebook
I have graves, I shod probably just start eating down that list.
Lucia Paterra Catania via Facebook
Wich food are inflammatory?please i need to know i love cabbage
Lucia Paterra Catania via Facebook
Becky Sher via Facebook
Other goitrogenic foods:
Cassava and Cabbage both due to the foods containing thiocyanate[6]
Soybeans (and soybean products such as tofu, soybean oil, soy flour, soy lecithin)
Pine nuts
Bamboo shoots
Sweet Potatoes
Vegetables in the genus Brassica [7]
Bok choy
Broccolini (Asparations)
Brussels sprouts
Chinese cabbage
Choy sum
Collard greens
Kai-lan (Chinese broccoli)
Mustard greens
Rapeseed (yu choy)
Maybe I should just not eat.
Haha… After Becky's list — which consists of everything I LOVE — I feel the same way. Defeat.
If a food makes you feel ill after eating then don't eat it again.
good grief!
"don't eat goitrogenic foods; don't eat gluten containing foods, etc. etc."
what an incredibly limited diet. i can't imagine that it is healthy.
WHY are all these healthy foods now not-so healthy.
what is flipping left to eat???
Question: Are there any other gluten-free grains that would work better for the occasional treat? (Spelt is on my list of things to avoid.)
Geneviève Homza via Facebook
hypothyroid is also usually in direct correlation with Adrenal fatigue/exhaustion. Building up the adrenal glands usually balances out the hypothyroid as well! Adrenal support supplements are great! Example…when youre in overloaded stress, the adrenals pump out the sympathetic hormones, which are going to suppress and shut down the thyroid, and then people tend to take care of the thyroid when the adrenals are usually the hidden culprit. It makes complete sense with food too, because different foods can send your body into this sympathetic overstimulation of the adrenals when you have allergies, not to mention when you eat foods that are inflammatory. Just thought I'd share! I literally just learned all of this in school the past week in patient management
Becky Sher via Facebook
If you have Hashimoto hypothyroidism, food plays an important role of your well being. Dr. K has great advice on what to eat and what to avoid.
thehealthyhomeeconomist via Facebook
Buckwheat is fine from what I've read.
Rachel Greenfield via Facebook
Good to know, I have autoimmune hypothyroidism, wheat allergy, and gluten intolerance that hasn't progressed to full blown Celiac because I caught it soon enough. I eat a wide variety of replacement grains in small doses, but millet shows up in a lot of places. Considering I also eat bok choy sometimes (I LOVE it), a known thyroid suppressing veggie, I should probably be extra careful with millet.
Julie Gerasimenko via Facebook
All things in moderation!
Try eating arsenic in moderation – we have to make intelligent dietary choices. :o)
Gayle Provost via Facebook
Didn't know this. Thanks!
Becky Sher via Facebook
Actually, could be leaky gut. Learn the link between leaky gut and GMOs, which cause many disease.
My 8 month old Granddaughter has 'leaky gut', which I never heard of until she got diagnosed. I've learned so much about it, and you're right, there is definitely a difference between the two.
Aagaard Farms via Facebook
Good info – thank you!
Kelly Kindig via Facebook
Good to know! What about buckwheat?
Annie Atkin Rasmussen via Facebook
Oooh, thanks for the heads up! You know, I would really love a break down comparison between various grains and grain alternatives. I am (at this moment!) making soaked spelt muffins for my non-grain-sensitive family to eat tomorrow, but I have no clue as to whether they are a better choice than soaked wheat.
Leilani Luna via Facebook
I just learned about this on Sunday.
Erika Queen via Facebook
Good to know… Might explain why my thyroid functions better nearly grain free than whilst eating millet as a close second to rice…
Suzanne Kelly via Facebook
I always felt I had issues with millet but never knew why…buckwheat I seem to do well with though.
Yaffa Kayla Karan via Facebook
Wow I didn't know this. Thank you.
thehealthyhomeeconomist via Facebook
I personally love millet but eat it sparingly to protect my delicate thyroid at all costs!
Kathryn Zochert Berg via Facebook
Good to know. I don't use it much….but I will cut back. I have learned better choices since but have been a bit lazy in making the switch.
Elena Marshall via Facebook
All things in moderation…………..
Suzanne Kelly via Facebook
TY! Excellent to know.
Cherie Stander via Facebook
Wow, I had no clue. TY for sharing.
Hi Sarah, I just tried millet for the first time and felt that something was not feeling right. I have a gluten sensitivity, and must eat gluten free, but after eating the millet, I got the bloated feeling, and even my liver seems to be sensitive to the millet. So I decided to check it on the internet where I found your warning to "Beware of Millet". I am glad I came across your warning, because I think my body was trying to tell me something, now I know what it is. Thank you very much for the info. I love the taste and texture of the millet, but my health is more important. Thank you again and keep up the good work.
Sorry this is the biggest BS article I have read. Where is the support for this? You shouldn't write a article on such little support when there are countless articles on the wonders of millet. Get your facts straight before you post something like this.
I completely agree!
I have to agree also. A "potent" goitregen? Hardly! Research does not support this! The article you linked doesn't support it either, saying that it "may" cause goiter in populations with low iodine, not that it does. And as usual, they didn't feed the rats just millet, they fed them extracts. I'm very disapointed with the sensational way you blog about healthy foods as if they are dangerous (green smoothie blog comes to mind) with little to no fact or research to back I up. Many in the whole food/healthy community are on restricted enough diets without someone blasting healthy foods as if they are evil.
Millet has been a staple in diets for thousands of years with no ill effects, as have fermented cabbage and other veggies.
Found a thread on millet titled "Looking for Gluten Free? Millet could be the perfect whole grain for you":
The 'goitrogenic" aspect is addressed there, and this seems sensible:
"It would be impossible to avoid goitrogens and eat a healthy diet. It's really only an issue for those with borderline or undiagnosed hypothyroidism. People with normal function, especially if getting enough iodine, are not really at risk. If you are on thyroid replacement be it T3, T4, both or Natural Thyroid, goitrogens become a non-issue because your thyroid isn't making much anyway and you are taking replacement hormones. I cannot find my source at the moment, but I vaguely remember, when researching millet, that it and soy were the highest goitrogenic foods and that goitrogens in millet actually increase when it is cooked rather than decrease as in all other foods. The primary thing is to make sure you are getting enough iodine."
I for one get plenty of iodine (I supplement with Lugol's, plus I eat seaweed regularly)
so I'm not going to "beware of millet."
Eric Brooks
Unfortunately, now that the Fukushima disaster has resulted in a continuous massive flow of radioactive water into the Pacific, eating seaweed, (and fish and any other ocean life) at least out of the Pacific, is unwise. You may want to be very selective about where you get your seaweed, if at all (and miso as well). Currently I am using iodized Mediterranean sea salt for my iodine intake.
yes you are right people are posting conflicting information. My grandmother passed away at the age of 105 millet was her staple food.She also reared traditional chickens and were very prolific they were millet fed and the hens and cocks were both laying eggs.Millet is a stuff to use to raise chickens organically.
In my recent comment about gluten and wheat spraying – I forgot to add that the article stated that the grain was sprayed while in STORAGE. Does anyone know anything about this?
Regarding gluten intolerence becoming an epidemic……………..quite some time ago I read about wheat and perhaps another grain being sprayed………………perhaps due to FDA regulations………..am not sure. Cannot remember where I read it. Could it be that chemicals are the real reason behind the gluten problem? This problem is growing like wild fire – even among people who have had very healthy digestion…… there has to be something behind it. Any comments?
Hi Sarah! It is the first time I read your articles and it is WOW! I discovered I have low tyroid and I have been on BED diet for two years, eating lots of fermented cabbage, miso soups, and the ogi (millet cereal)… etc. Just read what you had to say about goitrogens in miso. How about goitrogens in fermented cabbage and broccoli and kale? Some health experts say that fermentation eliminates (minimizes) the goitrogens in veggies in fermentation. Please help. Thank you!
Sarah, The Healthy Home Economist
Hi Isabelle, fermentation does NOT reduce goitrogens in cruciferous veggies. They should be consumed in moderation especially for those with thyroid issues! Even for those with no thyroid issues, they should be consumed only when the rest of the diet is sufficient in iodine(as in contains grassfed dairy). Shame on the doctor who is putting you on these foods with your condition!
Does anyone know what fermented veggie, if any is good to eat? I've been trying to get good probiotics without dairy, and this is very disheartening.
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism:
The last sentence of the abstract says, "We conclude that in areas of iodine deficiency in which millet is a major component of the diet, its ingestion may contribute to the genesis of endemic goiter."
I know that I get plenty of iodine, and I eat a variety of grains, so I plan to continue enjoying moderate amounts of millet without worrying. It may be different for someone who has a history of hypothyroidism, but for the rest of us, I don't think this should be a concern.
What about those of us with a history of hyperthyroidism. Would moderate amounts of goitrogens present any issues? Thanks.
Traditional people ate millet and give to small babies in asia a a light porridge. i dont think i know many people in these places who has thyroid as a major problem. everything in moderation is the key. its not like we stop eating cabbabe, saurkraut, brocolli or cauliflower because it has goitrogenic effect. ofcourse, we dont. likewise millet is ok too to consume in moderation.
So. Very. True. It's incredibly funny how according to western dietitians/doctors many types of food commonly consumed in China or Japan are bad for us, yet they hold the record for longest lifespan! Millet, white rice, meat, fat, etc. It works because of variety and moderation.
Sarah, The Healthy Home Economist
Hi Marina, fermented cabbage is still goitrogenic. If consumed in small amounts in the context of an iodine rich diet, it is fine. But, people with existing thyroid issues may choose to avoid this food altogether for a time. Glad you like the new look of the blog!
Hi Sarah!
I love the new look of your blog!
Great article – I had no idea that cooking millet actually increases the amount goitrogens! And you are right, I am currently doing a practicum for my nutrition Diploma and doing case studies on real people, and most of the women who volunteered to be my case studies suffer from thyroid issues, I cannot believe how wides spread this condition is!! I was recommending they cooked any goitrogenic foods they consume raw, but I guess this will not help and I will now recommend they avoid them until they get their thyroid normalized.
Another thing. I know raw cabbage is a goitrogen, but do you know if fermented cabbage (saurekraaut) is ok to eat for people with thyroid issues? I would love your response to this!
Thank you!
Sarah, the Healthy Home Economist
Hi Anonymous, actually you are wrong – the endosperm of millet is goitrogenic also. Here is an excerpt from a research paper by Chris Masterjohn on this very subject:
"Although the bran is more goitrogenic than the endosperm, traditionally prepared millet that is dehulled (and thus has its bran removed), fermented and cooked into a porridge is exactly the type of millet that is associated with goiter in human populations."
The salient fact omitted in this post is that the goitrogen is in the bran. It the traditional preparation of African ogi, millet porridge, the millet is soaked, ground wet, and passed through a cloth to sieve out the bran. The liquid is then fermented and cooked into porridge. As with most foods, look to traditional preparations to learn the healthiest ways to consume them.
Personally, I love millet and have eaten it daily for several years to no ill effect. I find it the most digestible of all grains. My favorite way to serve it is with a raw egg yolk, a spoonful of red palm oil, and paprika. I soak a jar of millet overnight, blend it the blender, pour it through an unbleached cotton bag that hangs over a jar to sieve out the bran. The jar sits, covered with a piece of cloth and a rubber band, on the counter to ferment and be used as needed.
Sarah, the Healthy Home Economist
Thanks for popping over from Kelly the Kitchen Kop! Kelly is definitely one of my favorite people and I am a big fan of her blog!
Wow! I knew that millet is goitrogenic, but I didn't know about the increased goitrogens with cooking thing. Millet is a guilty pleasure of mine- but I guess I'll be tossing out what's left in my bag (family history of hypothyroidism- hence why I know about goitrogens).
For those who are interested- other goitrogens are cruciferous vegetables such as cabbage, spinach, broccoli, and cauliflower (I think there are others?), in which the goitrogens are reduced (but not eliminated) in cooking. And soy- which cooking does not reduce, though fermenting does. So, don't eat tofu, but tempeh and real fermented soy sauce are ok in moderation. I can't remember if miso counts or not, since it's a by-product of fermenting the soy sauce…
So- fermented soy= ok, cooked soy= bad, cooked veggies= ok, fermented veggies= bad (in other words, only eat sauerkraut if you also cook it!).
Thank you so much for this post! I really thought that cooking the millet would make it relatively ok. :-/ (I came over from Kelly the Kitchen Kop's link)
There is no way you can say that fermented veggies are bad! Have you read Donna Gates and Body Ecology? Eating Raw and including fermented veggies is the way to go and has changed my life.
Sarah, the Healthy Home Economist
Hi Amy!!!! Thanks for commenting. You were actually the inspiration for this blog – when you mentioned that you ate those Sami's bakery millet chips on our walk around the river. I couldn't remember who it was exactly as I get so many email questions everything tends to blur together sometimes. I am so glad you know now – those chips are so delish but I would hate for it to make your thyroid worse. Hope to see you again when I am up that way in the future!!
Hi, Sarah.
It was nice to meet you in Rockford last week!
Thanks for the info about millet.
I do have low thyroid issues and never knew this about millet.
God bless,
Sarah, the Healthy Home Economist
Spelt is one of the best choices for grains, I think. It is non hybridized unlike wheat, much lower in gluten and truly delicious. Sprouted organic spelt flour is a wonderful use for this healthy grain.
Thanks again, Sarah, so good to know this. We have to be very careful with grains, which are not the ideal food for us humans.
We eat mainly animal foods, but we use sprouted organic Spelt flour for what baking we do. Do you know anything bad about Spelt in this form?
Fresh Local and Best
This information is very helpful. I haven't jumped onto the millet bandwagon, but this is a good reminder that everything should be eaten in moderation.
Karen Vaughan
Most GF people seem to do better without appreciable amounts of any grain in their diet. Rice is the least problematic. But don't try to reproduce the wheat-based diet with other grains.
Adding sea vegetables to a meal with millet would help neutralize the goitrogenic effect though.
Through Rami Nagel, I learned that rice is high in phytates as well and soaking it doesn't help much. He did say you could make a rice starter by saving some of the liquid each time you soak it, which helps break down the phytates. But rice doesn't seem to be a good alternative and it seems to be the most used by those who are gluten-free. It's also probably one of the starchiest grains.
The book mentions brown rice as the rice high phytates, not, white rice. White rice is okay to consume and won't deplete your body of minerals.
Eric Brooks
I have been using whole organic brown rice and brown rice pasta as a substitute for general carbs and pasta for decades, and I am thriving. I eat a vegan, all organic Mediterranean style diet with lots of organic legumes (mainly lentils and mung beans) brown rice, brown rice pasta, a -lot- of cooked kale and collards, small amounts of potatoes, leeks, olive oil and flax oil after cooking, tomatoes, and a little tamari, with all of these in most of my meals; and I am doing just fine.
So eat brown rice to your heart's content.
Sarah, the Healthy Home Economist
Unfortunately, fermentation appears to have no effect on millet's goitrogenic effect either. If you have normal thyroid function, then you can continue to enjoy it in strict moderation, but if you suspect any glandular issues, then do not eat it at all. I myself have no thyroid issues, but still will not eat it as I think the stresses of modern life already pose a heavy burden to the thryoid even under the best of circumstances.
Sarah, I know you said that soaking and sprouting don't make a difference, but what about fermentation? I have a source of local slow fermented millet bread, and I am wondering if that is any better than regular millet bread.
UGH! I had NO idea! And having been diagnosed with wheat, corn, oat, and rice allergies, millet seemed the natural alternative! We have been one of those Deland-bakery bread-consuming families you reference. We are getting ready to start GAPS, so this will all go out the window anyway, but sad to hear that our millet zucchini bread that we so enjoy could be damaging to our thyroids … definitely don't need anny help with that! Thanks for the continued great info, Sarah!
Terri smith
Hwo are you doing on the Gaps diet. I've been on the intro for three weeks ?
Wow, I had no idea about millet. When I found out I needed to stay away from gluten, we naturally gave millet a try. We never got too much into it though (thankfully), only very occasionally. Quinoa became our favorite alternative for sides and cold salads, so millet got put on the back burner. Spelt, although does contain some gluten, has become our main bread grain, since I can tolerate it. It makes excellent sourdough (sourdough also helps with the gluten).
I've been considering starting a food diary to see what triggers upset stomachs with me, and I have a feeling it will include wheat!! :-
It seems even pasta upsets my stomach too, not that I eat it a ton, but often when I do, within an hour or two I'm crippled over in pain–think some ingredient in the pasta is really off-setting to my digestive tract?
What would be a better alternative than millet to wheat? For breads and such?
Sarah, the Healthy Home Economist
Unfortunately, no. Soaking, sprouting does not lessen millet's goitrogenic effects. I know, what a bummer. I enjoy millet myself but will no longer eat it except in very small amounts occasionally.
Thanks, Sarah. I think.
Would soaking or sprouting affect the levels at all?
I know of a good gluten free flour and grain substitute that has been historically proven to work. It is chestnuts and chestnut flour. They were the primary carbohydrate source for several healthy groups of middle eastern and european peoples until the corn and potatoes from the Americas came over in the age of exploration and the chestnut tree's succeptability to disease caused it's use to decline. I am currently experimenting with making a grain free bread with chestnut flour and chia seed, though i cannot get the ratios down.
Agreed. Singhoda flour (chestnut) and Amaranth flour [rajgara] is widely used in India for light roti/naan instead of wheat. However pearl millet can be far cheaper and easier to cook hence people going for that.
Sarah, the Healthy Home Economist
Hi Ann, here are a couple refs for you:
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism:
Cholesterol and Health, Vol 1, Issue 1, 2008:
I was browsing internet for some additional data on millet, particularly if there are any drawbacks – since everybody talks how wonderful& healthy are all these alternatives to the usual waterfall of wheat&rice in the supermarkets. An additional nag was a little sequence from Kurosawa's movie "Seven Samurai" where millet is mentioned in rather negative terms (as opposed to rice) by one of the characters.
Thank you for taking the time and sharing all this information ; it is very interesting and made me investigate more.
Regarding the links above – I have certain doubts about the second one, not because it's not from a medical journal, but because there are no references attached to that article and it has lots of recommendations & warnings made on the "trust me I know what I'm saying" base. While it's always good to keep an eye on the "dark side" of everything, it's even better to have it acknowledged and agreed by others too; or at least mentioned on the "reportedly" base if only the folklore is the source.
So, the only actual study listed in this article is based on one poorly designed study conducted on rats back in 1989? I am sure that you mean well. But, the results of this study are beyond questionable, cannot be properly extrapolated to humans and most certainly should not be used to give people dietary warnings. There is no legitimate evidence that millet is unhealthy with moderate consumption or that it causes thyroid suppression.
Approximately one in one hundred adults have Celiac disease (with roughly 90% currently undiagnosed) and as many as one in seven adults are believed to be gluten sensitive. Wheat is also a very common allergen. Millet bread is a reasonable and healthy alternative to breads containing wheat and/or gluten. There is no legitimate reason for most adults to avoid moderate consumption.
Bill Joe
This person knows whats up. Don't take health guru advice on the tip of the tongue, Millet has been used for thousands of years, scaremongers only help big industry by seeding doubt and confusion. Intentionally or no, you shouldn't be casting this web of ignorance over the grains without sourcing proper and up to date studies.
The only reason I can see this smear article against millet coming up at the top of google search is because millet contains laetrile (Vit B17) which is known to fight cancer. Vitamin B17 has been banned in many places including Canada and the US and it has all but been removed from the general food supply…. hence… more than one in three people are getting cancer. Cancer is big business and a sick population is more submissive and manageable to the overlords. .
Well said!
meta jay
Bull..stop adding more to peoples basket of what to avoid, as the bucket is already full and spilling over…
Millet has been consumed both as a staple and a comfort food by people in east Africa and the rest of Africa for centuries. Thyroid and its concomitant issues is not a common prevalence amongst this people as has been attested by medical research.
maybe these ill effects are geographically race or ethnic specific, but not a general one.
Absolutely right on. Well said meta jay and bill joe.
Dear Health Home Economist there are three millets commonly ingested by human beings Pennisetum-pearl millet,Panicum-proso millet and Setaria-foxtail millet. Pennisetum is the millet implicated in thyroid dysfunction Panicum is by far the most widely grown in the US for both human and animal consumption. However if one goes to Africa the pearl Millet implicated in thyroid dysfunction is more often encountered.
Thanks for that information. I want to try adding millet to my diet, but I was worried about the goitrogenic effects. I'm in the US, so it looks like the millet we have here is not a problem.
Ann Anagnost
Sarah, Can you give us some references on the science exploring the goitrogenic effects of millet? I would be interested in exploring this further. Thanks.
Douglas Turcios
I would also like to know more about it too, because lately I have been experimenting on millet a lot lately. Please and thank you.
Have to take caution with articles like this as there are higher Goitrogen containing foods then millet
i.e. Kale and broccoli. Kale is none as a super food by some.
Anything eaten in copious amounts is bad for you as you miss out on something else.
Lisa Wallen Logsdon
Thanks for the heads up on this Sarah. While I do not consume large quantities of millet it's still good to know considering I am borderline on thyroid issues. I had no idea millet contained goitrogens until now.


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"Natural Bridge - Cave Run" Natural Bridge State Park by rw-bigfoot
Natural Bridge State Park Travel Guide: 22 reviews and 61 photos
Here's the web site forNatural Bridge State Park There's a trail map there also. Things to see in the area are the Minor E. Clark Fish Hatcherys at Cave Run north of the Park and Rowan County Rock Tunnel (Nada Tunnel) it's on Route 77 that is between Cave Run and the Natural Bridge Park. It's in the Daniel Boone National Forest. We spent the day making our way through the back roads and going on the trails at Natural Bridge. I would pack a small picinic if you're going to the top to see the natural bridge it's only 3/4 of a mile hike straight up the side of the mountain. We could have stayed and had a nice snack up there and rested for a half hour or so. These trails weren't for the young or the old ones. Just too steep and there is no railings around the top of the mountains so one could very easy slip off the edge and there's nothing to stop you fall to the bottom. We went in Nov. 2005 the trail is slick in some spots wear good hiking shoes or something to support your ankles from twisting and something with a rubber sole. Very nice no charge to get into the hatchery or the parks. There's a rest stop right were the parkway onto the road to take you to the park stop and get a map there. But don't forget to see the Rowan County tunnel and during the summer the fish hatchery is full of fish. VT members Stephen-KarenConn have some more pictures and details about Natural Bridge and Red River Gorge.
- Pros:A full day of sight seeing!
- Cons:The trails are very steep not for the littleones or old.
- In a nutshell:See Natural Bridge Rowan Cty. Tunnel Cave Run Fish Hatchery
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Made it out for a nice hike through Natural Bridge yesterday. Totally dying to know what that little hostel/restaurant looking place is across the road. With the big sun on the door and loads of interesting cars in the lot and tents, etc.!! Do you know?
Nice photos. We love Natural Bridge State Park.
great place to visit. have been to ky many times. will visit again at xmas time or april next year (my son will study at uk next year)
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Your kids (or maybe even just you) are sure to get a kick out of Griffin's 2012 Crayola lineup.
Christine Chan
| January 12
AppAdvice EXTRA: Accessories For Your iPhone, iPod And iPad
On today's AppAdvice EXTRA we're doing an Accessory Alley, which means I have accessories for the iPhone, iPod and iPad.
Robin Rhys
| September 20


text:
Bubble a Forever Promise by HMissXXWatch
©2012-2016 HMissXX
Maybe because this year is almost at an end...
This is so sweet Christina, I love it!
great idea
Thats so cute ant the idea is amazing!
Awesome concept, this is so brilliant.
Ι'm happy you like it, my Partner, thank you!
Oh lady this is so beautifully done
this is lovely!!!
Ah, I love this!!
o r . a n o t h e r . o n e . i s . s t a r t i n g ...
Tierno y sencillo, muy bello, Feliz AÑO querida amiga.
Oh.. beautiful!
great job my friend
Thank you very much, Jeff, wish you a Very Happy New Year!!!
cool concept


text:
A father is charged with abusing his 2-month-old child.
Kurt Keetch, 19, is charged with child abuse resulting in serious injury, a felony. The infant suffered a severe head injury, bruising all over his body and a broken leg. He's had to undergo surgery just to stabilize him for transportation up to Children's Hospital in Denver.
The boy was first brought into Parkview Medical Center in Pueblo on May 7, but hospital staff called in the Sheriff's Department when they noticed his injuries to be consistent with physical abuse.
According to court documents, Keetch admits the baby hit his head on a car seat earlier in the day, but denies the baby fell or was shaken. He also reportedly admitted that he put the baby in a car seat in a back room and covered it with a blanket while it was crying.
Doctors say the injuries are consistent with shaken baby syndrome. They had to put the child into an induced coma and believe he will require special care for the rest of his life.
According to the affidavit, Keetch told police, "The baby cries a lot, and I'm a new father and I get frustrated."


text:
Shadow Master
Who here thinks that this game should have a multiplayer online DLC? It would be cool to have an arena where you pick your favorite Spider-Man (Classic, 2099, Noir, or Ultimate) and duke it out, and gain points for the leaderboard. This could be stylized like Super Smash Bros, or just have two players fight each other. Does any one think this would be cool? Let me know what you think. Someone should contact Beenox and Activision about this. lol.


text:
By Alcides Eduardo Zelaya
Open iTunes to buy and download apps.
Kampus is a school-exclusive social app that gives you anything and everything you'll ever need to live your college life to the fullest!
Home: See what your college peers are up to! From selfies to flyers to memes and anything in between, never miss out on what's happening around you!
Messages: Chat privately with anyone from your school. Whether it's for class, flirting or simply catching up, it's never been easier!
Market: From couches to smart phones to math tutoring, buy or sell anything you want in an organized manner!
Professors: Help your fellow students out by anonymously rating your professors and help yourself by checking a professor's rating before you sign up for a class!
Wanna talk some more?
Send us an e-mail: email@example.com
Follow us on Twitter: @KampusApp
What's New in Version 2.0.3
- Bug fixes and performance enhancements.
iPhone Screenshots
- Free
- Category: Social Networking
- Updated: Jan 28, 2015
- Version: 2.0.3
- Size: 32.4 MB
- Languages: English, Arabic, Catalan, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Malay, Norwegian Bokmål, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Simplified Chinese, Slovak, Spanish, Swedish, Thai, Traditional Chinese, Turkish, Ukrainian, Vietnamese
- Seller: Alcides Eduardo Zelaya
- © Kampus, LLC
Compatibility: Requires iOS 8.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.


text:
See projections for every game: Tomorrow's box scores, today!
Fantasy Game Notes for Sunday: American League
Jacobs Field (outdoor) 1:05 p.m. ET (sunny, high of 75 degrees)
Rich Harden, RHP (1-2, 2.45 ERA, 1.13 WHIP) versus
Jake Westbrook, RHP (5-9, 4.41 ERA, 1.44 WHIP)
Notable Injuries: Rich Harden, SP (shoulder, DL/will be activated)
Game Story: If Harden throws well at this point, it will be little more than salt in the wound of his owners this year. There is no reason to believe he is healthy after he burned everyone twice already this season, but if you are looking for the fantasy baseball equivalent of the Hail Mary play, look no further. Harden is available in 70 percent of ESPN leagues and will throw as many as 70 pitches in this outing. That's enough to get a win if he can find his spots. Westbrook has been so-so lately but has good career numbers against the remaining healthy A's. Nick Swisher is 1-for-16 against him, and Dan Johnson is 1-for-8. A lot of whether Westbrook can get a win depends on which version of Harden takes the hill for the Athletics, so if you need a win, don't put all your eggs in Westbrook's basket.
Comerica Park (outdoor) 1:05 p.m. ET (sunny, high of 77 degrees)
Jorge De La Rosa, LHP (8-11, 5.40 ERA, 1.60 WHIP) versus
Justin Verlander, RHP (17-6, 3.70 ERA, 1.24 WHIP)
Notable Injuries: none
Game Story: After a nearly two-month DL stint, De La Rosa makes his second September start against a team that could punish him. The Tigers are quite strong against southpaws (.822 OPS), and they managed seven runs off De La Rosa on July 21. Sure, Detroit's bats have been quiet lately, but that is no reason to test the waters with an arm like De La Rosa's. Verlander is more than safe against Kansas City. He is 2-0 in four starts this season with a 3.28 ERA. Billy Butler is 3-for-5 against Verlander, though, and makes a decent pickup for this game.
Yankee Stadium (outdoor) 1:05 p.m. ET (sunny, high of 82 degrees)
Dustin McGowan, RHP (11-9, 3.84 ERA, 1.17 WHIP) versus
Mike Mussina, RHP (10-10, 5.01 ERA, 1.45 WHIP)
Notable Injuries: John McDonald, SS (hip, questionable)
Game Story: McGowan looks as if he will give A.J. Burnett a run for who will be the No. 2 pitcher for the Blue Jays next season. He has fared just fine against the Yankees this season (2-1, 3.66 ERA) and makes a fine acquisition. I'm not saying bench him, but consider this a heads-up that Alex Rodriguez is 1-for-10 against McGowan. Mussina is coming off a fine outing versus Baltimore. Can he keep it up against a team that struggles against righties? Don't put too many eggs in that basket, but don't count against it.
Tropicana Field (indoor) 1:40 p.m. ET
Tim Wakefield, RHP (16-11, 4.73 ERA, 1.35 WHIP) versus
Edwin Jackson, RHP (4-15, 5.99 ERA, 1.80 WHIP)
Notable Injuries: Manny Ramirez, OF (oblique, out); Kevin Youkilis, 1B (wrist, questionable); Hideki Okajima, RP (arm, out); Carl Crawford, OF (groin, out); Brendan Harris, 2B (latissimus, questionable)
Game Story: Overall, Wakefield has killer numbers against the Devil Rays: 4-0 with a 3.56 ERA in five starts. However, that number would be a lot better had he not coughed up seven runs in three innings Sept. 11 in Boston. Let's focus on the fact that Wakefield is a perfect 2-0 in Tropicana Field this season with a 0.69 ERA. Pick him up and start him for a locked-in win. Jackson is going to be an interesting commodity next season; his stringing together a terrific August warrants at least some attention. For now, though, forget him. His 9.15 ERA in September means he is back to his old ways to close out the season. You know Doug Mirabelli will be behind the plate to catch Wakefield's knuckleball, so you can take advantage of a decent spot-start opportunity. Mirabelli is 2-for-3 against Jackson.
Metrodome (indoor) 2:10 p.m. ET
Gavin Floyd, RHP (1-4, 5.65 ERA, 1.53 WHIP) versus
Kevin Slowey, RHP (3-0, 5.00 ERA, 1.52 WHIP)
Notable Injuries: Alex Cintron, SS/3B (hand, questionable); Pat Neshek, RP (arm, questionable); Mike Redmond, C (finger/hand, out)
Game Story: Floyd has one start against Minnesota this season, and it resulted in a shellacking in which the Twins hit four home runs and chased him after 5 2/3 innings with six earned runs. Justin Morneau was kind enough to crank two of his three home runs that day off Floyd. Avoid Floyd even though the Twins' offense this month can be described as inept. Slowey was allowed to hit triple digits for his pitch count in his last outing, so he should be on a longer leash in this game, as well. He should pick his way through this lineup with ease and can be started in most leagues if you are looking for a win. Juan Uribe doesn't put up with Slowey's nibbling. He is 2-for-2 with two doubles versus the control artist.
Rangers Ballpark (outdoor) 3:05 p.m. ET (a slight chance of showers, partly cloudy, high of 90 degrees)
Jon Leicester, RHP (2-2, 7.78 ERA, 1.58 WHIP) versus
Kevin Millwood, RHP (9-13, 5.39 ERA, 1.63 WHIP)
Notable Injuries: Corey Patterson, OF (ankle, questionable)
Game Story: Don't mess with Texas. At least, not while its OPS is seventh in the league for September (.814). In other words, leave Leicester alone. Millwood can be fickle, but the Orioles aren't very intimidating with their 28th-ranked OPS this month. Millwood already has a six-inning start this season in which he allowed just one earned run against the O's. Tike Redman will fill in for Patterson, and he is 4-for-6 versus Millwood. He could be a cheap steal or two.
Angel Stadium (outdoor) 3:35 p.m. ET (sunny, high of 77 degrees)
Jeff Weaver, RHP (7-12, 6.21 ERA, 1.57 WHIP) versus
John Lackey, RHP (17-9, 3.13 ERA, 1.25 WHIP)
Notable Injuries: Gary Matthews Jr., OF (ankle, questionable)
Game Story: Maybe he gets intimidated by his younger, more talented brother, but Weaver has issues pitching against the Halos. In three starts this season, he has a 10.32 ERA and the Angels have hit .400 against him. Start all your big Halos. Lackey, on the other hand, is 3-0 with a 0.00 ERA in three starts against Seattle this season. Bench all your marginal Mariners.
Fantasy Game Notes for Sunday: National League
RFK Stadium (outdoor) 12:05 p.m. ET (sunny, high of 82 degrees)
Cole Hamels, LHP (14-5, 3.59 ERA, 1.14 WHIP) versus
Joel Hanrahan, RHP (4-3, 6.45 ERA, 1.95 WHIP)
Notable Injuries: Wily Mo Pena, OF (wrist, questionable); Dmitri Young, 1B (head/neck, out)
Game Story: Leave Hamels on the sideline still. He only will be up to 70 or 80 pitches in this, his second start off the DL. That might not even be enough innings for the win. Nook Logan should get in the mix with Pena banged-up, and Logan is 5-for-9 off Hamels. Forget Hanrahan is even pitching. He barely makes it into the fifth or sixth with regularity and offers little reward for spot-starting him.
Turner Field (outdoor) 1:05 p.m. ET (a slight chance of showers, mostly cloudy, a high of 87 degrees)
Chris Capuano, LHP (5-12, 5.21 ERA, 1.49 WHIP) versus
Jo-Jo Reyes, LHP (1-2, 6.98 ERA, 1.81 WHIP)
Notable Injuries: Ben Sheets, SP (hamstring, will miss start)
Game Story: Milwaukee is first in the league in OPS versus southpaws (.863) and first in the league in OPS for September (.855). Reyes is going to get lit, hard. Start every Brewer you can get your hands on. Capuano makes his first start since being relegated to the bullpen. He hasn't won a game since May 7; don't expect him to perform well. The Braves' bats are cold (25th in September OPS, .728), so the Brewers should get the win, but it won't be pretty.
Dolphin Stadium (outdoor) 1:05 p.m. ET (scattered showers and thunderstorms, high of 88 degrees)
John Maine, RHP (14-10, 4.04 ERA, 1.30 WHIP) versus
Chris Seddon, LHP (0-1, 8.44 ERA, 1.97 WHIP)
Notable Injuries: Carlos Beltran, OF (leg, questionable); Billy Wagner, RP (back, questionable); Armando Benitez, RP (back, questionable)
Game Story: Maine hasn't been having a great September, but he likes Dolphin Stadium and should do fine here. Maine is 2-0 in two starts in Miami and has a 2.77 ERA versus the Marlins. Florida's team bats a combined .197 versus Maine in its collective career. He'll do just fine. Hanley Ramirez is 1-for-9 versus Maine with three strikeouts. Seddon's ERA as a starter is 11.74, and he hasn't made it past the fifth in either game he's pitched. Start all your Mets, and maybe go out and get Moises Alou and his hot bat.
Wrigley Field (outdoor) 2:20 p.m. ET (sunny, high of 79 degrees)
Tom Gorzelanny, LHP (14-8, 3.55 ERA, 1.34 WHIP) versus
Carlos Zambrano, RHP (16-13, 4.20 ERA, 1.35 WHIP)
Notable Injuries: Jack Wilson, SS (hamstring/personal, doubtful); Cesar Izturis, SS (elbow, questionable)
Game Story: This should be a fine pitchers' duel, assuming both guys have their concentration. Gorzelanny might be fading a bit; his strikeout-to-walk rate this month is going to be his worst of the season. However, he has made the Cubs look like fools on two occasions this season, with a 1.29 ERA versus Chicago. Count Jacque Jones, Aramis Ramirez, Alfonso Soriano, Ryan Theriot and Mark DeRosa among the players who can't hit Gorzelanny; all of them are below the Mendoza Line against him. Zambrano is back on track after his late-August/early-September blowup, and he can be counted on for a solid start. Note that Jason Bay and Xavier Nady hit Big Z hard, though (both with an OPS better than 1.000 versus Zambrano).
Petco Park (outdoor) 4:05 p.m. ET (sunny, high of 72 degrees)
Jeff Francis, LHP (16-8, 4.25 ERA, 1.39 WHIP) versus
Greg Maddux, RHP (13-10, 3.95 ERA, 1.21 WHIP)
Notable Injuries: Willy Taveras, OF (quadriceps, questionable); Greg Maddux, SP (back, expected to start)
Game Story: Maddux has been money in Petco this season and, despite his aching back, is worthy of an NL-only start. That's a strong recommendation considering the Rockies are tied with Milwaukee for first in September OPS (.855). Maddux also has done very well against Colorado, though. He has a 2-2 record in five starts and a 3.30 ERA -- even though three of those starts were in Coors Field. Garrett Atkins is an exceptional hitter against Maddux, with a .500 career average (11-for-22), but Troy Tulowitzki is someone to consider benching (2-for-11, .182 versus Maddux). The Padres lineup eats Francis for breakfast. He has an 8.10 ERA in four starts against San Diego and, worse yet, was chased after three innings in Petco while surrendering eight runs. Kevin Kouzmanoff hits .364 against Francis, and Milton Bradley is 4-for-6 against him in his career.
AT&T Park (outdoor) 4:05 p.m. ET (sunny, high of 71 degrees)
Aaron Harang, RHP (16-4, 3.61 ERA, 1.13 WHIP) versus
Jonathan Sanchez, LHP (1-5, 5.88 ERA, 1.63 WHIP)
Notable Injuries: Josh Hamilton, OF (hamstring, out); Ken Griffey Jr., OF (groin, out); Scott Hatteberg, 1B (oblique, out); Alex Gonzalez, SS (knee, questionable); Barry Bonds, OF (toe, questionable)
Game Story: Dominant pitcher gets to face the worst offense in the league without its big slugger. Yeah, Harang is going to be just fine in this game. Sanchez is interesting too, though, as he is in the comfort of his home park and facing a depleted Reds lineup. He could provide some valuable strikeouts to deep NL-only leagues. Try to avoid the ragtag hitters from both sides.
Chase Field (indoor/retractable roof) 4:40 p.m. ET
Chad Billingsley, RHP (11-5, 3.15 ERA, 1.26 WHIP) versus
Edgar Gonzalez, RHP (8-2, 4.61 ERA, 1.25 WHIP)
Notable Injuries: Rafael Furcal, SS (back, questionable)
Game Story: Billingsley certainly is showing his quality heading into next season. The Diamondbacks are actually hitting the ball well in September. They are third in OPS (.848) and represent a formidable challenge for Billingsley. Eric Byrnes and Stephen Drew fare well against Billingsley, but forget about Conor Jackson (0-for-10). The Dodgers have hit .344 against Gonzalez this season, and he sports a 6.46 ERA in three starts to show it. James Loney is 3-for-4 with a home run against Gonzalez.
Busch Stadium (outdoor) 8:05 p.m. ET (cloudy, low of 70 degrees)
Roy Oswalt, RHP (14-7, 3.29 ERA, 1.33 WHIP) versus
Todd Wellemeyer, RHP (3-3, 5.14 ERA, 1.64 WHIP)
Notable Injuries: Jim Edmonds, OF (groin, questionable); Albert Pujols, 1B (calf, out); Russell Branyan, 1B (flu, questionable)
Game Story: Oswalt owners have a very tough call to make. He has been a very poor pitcher on the road this season (5.15 ERA), but he also has yet to pitch in Busch Stadium. In three games against the Cardinals at home, Oswalt is 2-0 with a 0.78 ERA. In the end, with the rash of injuries all across the Cards' lineup, Oswalt should have a terrific game -- almost as if he were pitching to a Triple-A team. Wellemeyer hasn't thrown 45 big league pitches since July and can safely be ignored.
Waiver Wire Pickups
Rich Harden, SP, OAK@ Cleveland Indians
Billy Butler, OF, KC @ Detroit Tigers
Dustin McGowan, SP, TOR @ New York Yankees
Tim Wakefield, SP, BOS @Tampa Bay Devil Rays
Juan Uribe, SS, CHW @ Minnesota Twins
Tike Redman, OF, BAL @ Texas Rangers
Nook Logan, OF, WAS vs. Philadelphia Phillies
Moises Alou, OF, NYM @ Florida Marlins
Xavier Nady, OF, PIT @ Chicago Cubs
Greg Maddux, SP, SD vs. Colorado Rockies
Kevin Kouzmanoff, 3B, SD vs. Colorado Rockies
Milton Bradley, OF, SD vs. Colorado Rockies
James Loney, 1B, LAD @ Arizona Diamondbacks
Please Note that the notable injuries are not meant to be a comprehensive report of each team's disabled list. For brevity, we include only day-to-day injuries or new DL additions for players you might otherwise consider using in these games. Long-term DL stints or day-to-day injuries to starting pitchers who were not scheduled to appear are omitted.
Sean Allen is a fantasy baseball analyst for ESPN.com. He can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
Cucumber Margarita
Total Time
Prep 10 mins
Cook 0 mins
From Guy's Big Bite. What a great fresh flavor this has! YUM
Ingredients Nutrition
- 1⁄4 cucumber, peeled, sliced, seeded, and diced
- 1 lime, juiced, plus a slice, for garnish
- 2 ounces tequila, reposado
- 1 ounce simple syrup
- 1 ounce prepared sweet-and-sour mix
- 1 pinch ground cayenne pepper
- In a cocktail shaker muddle cucumber, add ice, lime juice, tequila, simple syrup, sweet and sour mix and pepper powder. Shake and serve in a rocks glass with salted rim.
- Garnish with a wedge or slice of lime.


text:
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text:
This website uses cookies to give you the best, most relevant experience. Using this website means you're Ok with this. You can change which cookies are set at any time - and find out more about them - by following this link.
The 2016 First Half Results presentation took place on Thursday, July 28th, 2016 at 9.30 am (Paris time). > Go to the webcast
On 19 July, Carrefour Italy opened its latest hypermarket in Nichelino, south-west of Turin. This new retail outlet boasts a broad range of products, as well as numerous services. This store has a sales area of 7500 m² and is open every day, from 8 AM to midnight. The architecture of this new
At the end of June, Carrefour Taiwan opened its 24th Market in the municipality of Kaohsiung in south-western Taiwan, bringing the total number of stores up to 87. This new 514 m² retail outlet has a wide range of fresh produce, as well as a non-food counter. It also features free Wi-Fi, an
HALF-YEAR 2016 RESULTS: CARREFOUR CONTINUES ITS PROFITABLE GROWTH MOMENTUM Strong growth in organic sales: +2.9% ROI growth for the eighth consecutive half: +5.3% at constant exchange rates Adjusted net income, Group...
> Go to the webcast


text:
I am developing a multiplayer gaming server that uses Django for the webserver (HTML frontend, user authentication, games available, leaderboard, etc.) and Twisted to handle connections between the players and the games and to interface with the games themselves. The gameserver, the webserver, and the database may run on different machines.
What is the "best" way to architect the shared database, in a manner that supports changes to the database schema going forward. Should I try incorporating Django's ORM in the Twisted framework and used deferreds to make it non-blocking? Should I be stuck creating and maintaining two separate databases schemas / interfaces, one in Django's model and the other using twisted.enterprise.row?
Similarly, with user authentication, should I utilize twisted's user authentication functionality, or try to include Django modules into the gameserver to handle user authentication on the game side?


text:
The Dothan Police Department needs your help to catch an alleged purse-snatching thief.
The theft happened inside of Fred's Store on Oates Street back in September.
The victim admits to placing her purse in the shopping cart and walking off.
In surveillance video released by the Police Department, the thief waits for the customer to leave and then he grabs the purse and walks off.
The black male was last seen wearing all black and works as an independent window washer.
"Often times people who have independent trades like this will travel around and service numerous businesses and we're hoping business owners will take a look at the clip," said Corporal Rachel David with the Dothan Police Department.
Anyone with information about the case or the suspect's identity is urged to call Crime Stoppers at (334) 793-7000.


text:
I'm Chono Black from Vietnam. I fall in love with cosplay from the begining of 2014. o((*^▽^*))o My favorite are Jrock, cosplay, manga, anime o((*^▽^*))o [Facebook] https://www.facebook.com/Chono.Black.Cos [INSTAGRAM] https://www.instagram.com/chonoblack03/ [TWITTER] https://twitter.com/BlackChono [CURE] http://en.curecos.com/profile/?ch=371020
hey ~ I'm a german Cosplay since 2009 - feel free to contact me anytime - Twitter: https://twitter.com/DasGemini Deviantart: http://atunacosplay.deviantart.com/
Welcome! ✩ NAVIGATORS is a cosplay group from Luxembourg made of 2 sisters who decided to take on this hobby. We firmly believe that cosplay is for fun and to have a great time. We share our works and projects, progress, photoshoots etc. here. Stay in touch to see what we're up to! Thank you for following us ✩ Our Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/The-Navigators-Cosplay-578222159015555/?ref=aymt_homepage_panel
Rei Ruru from Philippines.. so.. YEAH \m/ I'm a beginner, so some of my cosplays are fail BUT I will do my best to improve it ^^ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ReiRuruChan Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/rururei_mercurei/
Hi there, I'm Maira from Italy. I do my cosplay "all" by myself since 2014. I hope you like my works ;) Thank you <3 You can also follow me on facebook. I've a private profile and not a page :/ so, I don't accept who has few friends in common with me. I'm so sorry about that :( https://www.facebook.com/maira.daleffe
はじめまして、コス歴10年以上の出戻りレイヤーでございます。 現在は年数回ペースで、のんびりやっております。 コスサミメインで参加しています。 へっぽこながらやっていきますので、皆様応援よろしくお願い致します。
Cheers! ♥ Hey-ho there! I'm a cosplayer freshman & would like to share my passion with you~ Thank you very much for your likes and comments guys ♥ I appreciate them all ♥ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/ginoandvanillasky/?fref=ts Twitter (German/Engish) https://twitter.com/Olli_kun
Hi i`m Harley I love to talk to people and hoping to make lots of friends So don`t hesitate to talk. ^_^
Hi! I'm Karina Tingzon 17 years old. Cosplayer From Philippines. Cosplaying is my hobby.I'm a new Cosplayer :) I hope that i can do more of this Add me in my Facebook Acct. https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100004213756460 https://www.facebook.com/Karina.Tingzon Follow me in my Twitter Acct. https://mobile.twitter.com/sanzeninnagi86 Follow me in my Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/nagi_sanzenin11/ Follow me in my WorldCosplay Acct. https://worldcosplay.net/member/543765
Hi everybody ! I'm a swiss cosplayer since 2010 and cosplay represents a real passion for me. I'm always curious to learn new techniques, improve my sewing and crafting skills and building props for my skits. I also like meeting other people in cons and share with other cosplayers ! Hope you will like my work. I do also play the piano, read a lot, and write some fictions. Enjoy your visit ;-) Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/ChechDan?bookmark_t=page
hiii i'm not THAT good ad socialize with others but i do my best. i am very openminded and love to meet new people! i adore alexstrasza and am a heavy tea drinker. i looove tea. (well sometimes it needs a bit of sugar haha) nice to meet you! thank you for visiting my profile! if you like my work, it would be cool if you give my facebook page 'weaquen' a like :3 thank yoooou! hope to see you soon at a convention? xoxoxo wea'


text:
3ounce is a game where the main goal is to find your way around randomly generated mazes. Lead the blue cube around the maze in search for pickups, avoiding dangers and finally finding the exit. You will never run out of new mazes to explore due to random generation. Endless generation, endless mazes, endless fun!More
Version notes
Version number: Varies by device
Oppdatert med støtte for windows 8.1
- Maze
- Labyrinth
- Random
- Never ending
- Puzzle
- Random Generation
- Random maze
- Pickup collection
- Physics
- Impossible to beat