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Awareness and knowledge of pediatric cardio- pulmonary resuscitation in the community of Al-Khobar city
Al-Turkistani, Hatim K.
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
The history of resuscitation going back thousands of years has been reported in literature throughout history. This concept has undergone several decisive revolutionary changes particularly in pediatrics. Although the cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is relatively new in pediatrics, progress has been remarkable in the last a few decades. As it becomes more popular, especially under the influence of globalizing media, CPR also becomes a life requirement that is not restricted to health professionals.
Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional community-based survey of 753 individuals of both sexes, visiting the first Pediatric Health Awareness Week held at Dammam University Hospital in April 2013. Data were collected by a personal face-to-face interview during which a short history was taken and a check list of sociodemographic data and questions related to infants' CPR was completed. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS.
The study was carried out on 753 subjects (602 Saudis, 151 non-Saudis, 483 females, and 270 males). The mean age of participants was 33.3 ± 10.9 years. The postsecondary school level of education was 37.5% among females versus 21.9% among males. Of the participants, 80.8% of the females and 86.5% of males were totally unaware of CPR. The mean number of children among participants was 3.5 ± 2.5 children. There were 150 participants (19.9%) with disabled children; 32% of them (6.4% of all participants) were completely unaware of CPR despite having disabled children. Overall, 15.5% of all female participants had attended some CPR course (s) compared with 6.1% of the males; 18.7% of the females had watched CPR program (s)/video (s) on TV or online compared to 11.1% of the males, and 59.4% of the females were willing and eager to participate in any CPR course compared with 29.3% of the males. The reasons for not wanting to attend CPR courses were as follows: 48.6% indicated that it was because of the unavailability of such courses, 41.4% said because of time constraints, and 10% gave financial reasons. Finally, the study showed that 365 females (84.3%) and 247 males (91.2%) did not know when to perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and/or chest compression, and would do it for the wrong reasons.
Public awareness and knowledge on CPR was inadequate even among the younger population, and among parents with disabled children. The general public were willing to improve their knowledge and skills of CPR. We recommend that CPR courses/campaigns should be provided to the public and be included in high school curricula.
Awareness; cardio-pulmonary resuscitation; handicap; infant
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An epidemiological study of metabolic syndrome in a rural area of Ambala district, Haryana
Pathania, Deepak
Bunger, Ruhi
Bunger, Eera
Mishra, Prabhakar
Arora, Anjali
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a state of deranged metabolic and anthropometric status. It is considered a precursor to various cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
(1) To determine the prevalence of MS in adults aged 20 years and above in the rural area of Ambala district, Haryana. (2) To determine the sociodemographic factors associated with MS.
Materials and Methods:
In a community-based cross-sectional study, a total of 1200 subjects aged 20 years and above were studied, using multi-stage random sampling.
The prevalence of MS was estimated by using criterion given by the International Diabetes Federation. MS was found in 110 (9.2%) subjects, being more prevalent in females: 73 (66.36%) when compared to 37 males (33.63%). Sedentary occupation and age were significantly associated with MS.
MS is a major health problem in the region and it should be given proper attention in order to prevent and control it.
Haryana; metabolic syndrome; prevalence
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Health science students' attitude towards research training programs in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Reliability and validity of the questionnaire instrument
Al-Kuwaiti, Ahmed A.
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
The aim of this paper was to determine the validity and reliability of a questionnaire tool for measuring students' attitudes toward components relevant to research training programs in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Materials and Methods:
The paper reports the responses of 564 Saudi Arabian students from seven government universities to the questionnaire comprising 16 items on 3 conceptual subscales, which measured students' attitude to research activities in the college; students' opinion of faculty involvement in research; and infrastructural facilities in the college. The results of this study provide the final scale, with all the 16 items of the initial Likert scale, for which strong evidence was obtained.
Results indicated that the students' attitude toward the research (SAR) scale had three latent factors, which explained 62% of the variance: The three subscales measured includes: (i) Research activities offered in the college, (ii) students' opinion of faculty involvement in research, and (iii) infrastructural facilities offered in the college for research. The full scale including three subscales had good internal consistency (rs = 0.72 and α = 0.77 for full scale; and α between 0.71 and 0.79 for three subscales).
This study provides evidence of reliability and validity of the SAR scale for the measurement of students' attitudes toward research training programs in Saudi Arabian Universities. The research findings will provide the basis for further research on health science students.
Attitude; reliability; research; validity
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Predictors of work-related stress among nurses working in primary and secondary health care levels in Dammam, Eastern Saudi Arabia
Al-Makhaita, Huda M.
Sabra, Amr A.
Hafez, Ahmed S.
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
Work-related stress (WRS) is an insidious and persistent part of everyday life related to the response of people to work environment. Nursing is a strenuous job and WRS is prevalent among nurses. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of WRS among nurses working in primary and secondary health care levels in Dammam, Eastern Saudi Arabia.
Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted in 17 primary health care centers (PHCCs) representing the primary level of health care and Medical Tower Complex (MTC) representing the secondary health care level in Dammam city. The total number of nurses included in the study was 637 nurses (144 in PHCCs) and (493 MTC). Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire, which was developed based on the pertinent literature. It included two main parts: Sociodemographic and job characteristics of nurses and 31 WRS questions.
The overall prevalence of WRS among all studied nurses was 45.5%; 43.1% and 46.2% in primary and secondary levels, respectively. In the primary level, there was a statistical significant association between WRS and being married (85.5%), and having living three children and more (53.2%). Moreover, younger age group 20-<30 years (79.4%), Saudi nationality (86.8%), being married (74.6%), having nonbachelor degree (83.3%), work shifts (89.5%), and working in surgical department (46.5%) were the significant associating factors with the occurrence of WRS among nurses in secondary levels. Young age was the only predicting factor for WRS in primary care level. While being female, Saudi, married, with work shifts, and working in surgical department were found to predict WRS in the secondary level.
Appropriate strategy in health care organization to investigate stress in health care settings is recommended. Moreover, interventional programs to identify, and relieve sources and effects of stress should be developed.
Nurses; predictors; prevalence; Saudi Arabia; work-related stress
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Preferences and attitudes of the Saudi population toward receiving medical bad news: A primary study from Riyadh city
Alrukban, Mohammed O.
Albadr, Badr O.
Almansour, Mohammed
Sami, Waqas
Alshuil, Mussab
Aldebaib, Abulrahman
Algannam, Tamim
Alhafaf, Faisal
Almohanna, Abdulaziz
Alfifi, Tariq
Alshehri, Abdullah
Alshahrani, Muhannad
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
Breaking bad news is one of the most stressful and difficult things a physician has to do. Good communication skills are required in order to ensure that bad news is delivered in a humane but effective way.
This study was designed to explore the preferences and attitude of the Saudi population toward receiving bad news. Second, it was to identify the associations between preferences, attitudes, and sociodemographic characteristics.
Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study conducted during the month of April 2009 in Riyadh. Data were collected from 1013 adult Saudis. Stratified random sampling technique was used through a self-administered questionnaire.
In this study, 474 (46.8%) were males and 539 (53.2%) were females. Almost two-third of the participants preferred to be the first to receive the bad news. A majority of the participants 695 (68.6%) preferred to be told the bad news at a private place, whereas, 441 (43.5%) preferred to be told by the head of the medical team. Moreover, almost half of the participants would like the one who breaks the bad news to remain with them to give them some more information about the disease. Significant associations were observed between participants' perception and attitude with age, marital status, gender, and education (P < 0.001), respectively.
Factors such as marital status, age, and gender, and education play significant roles in how bad news is received. Understanding what is important in the process of breaking bad news may help in determining how best to perform this challenging task.
Attitude; perception; receiving bad news
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Determinants of misconceptions about diabetes among Saudi diabetic patients attending diabetes clinic at a tertiary care hospital in Eastern Saudi Arabia
Alsunni, Ahmed A.
Albaker, Waleed I.
Badar, Ahmed
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
To identify the determinants of misconceptions about diabetes in patients registered with a diabetes clinic at a tertiary care hospital in Eastern Saudi Arabia.
Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional survey was carried out at a diabetes clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Eastern Saudi Arabia, from January to December 2012. A total of 200 diabetic patients were interviewed using a questionnaire comprising 36 popular misconceptions. The total misconception score was calculated and categorized into low (0-12), moderate (13-24) and high (25-36) scores. The association of misconception score with various potential determinants was calculated using Chi-square test. Step-wise logistic regression was applied to the variables showing significant association with the misconception score in order to identify the determinants of misconceptions.
The mean age was 39.62 ± 16.7 and 112 (56%) subjects were females. Type 1 diabetics were 78 (39%), while 122 (61%) had Type 2 diabetes. Insulin was being used by 105 (52.5%), 124 (62%) were self-monitoring blood glucose and 112 (56%) were using diet control. Formal education on diabetes awareness had been received by 167 (83.5%) before the interview. The mean misconception score was 10.29 ± 4.92 with 115 (57.5%) subjects had low misconception scores (<12/36). On the Chi-square test, female gender, rural area of residence, little or no education, <5 or >15 years since diagnosis, no self-monitoring, no dietary control and no diabetes education were all significantly (P < 0.05) associated with higher misconception scores. Step-wise logistic regression suggested that diabetes education, gender, education and time since diagnosis were significant (P < 0.05) predictors of misconception scores.
The strongest determinants of misconceptions about diabetes in our study population were female gender, rural area of residence, illiteracy or little education, <5 or >15 years since diagnosis, no self-monitoring, no diet control and no education about diabetes.
Diabetes; determinants; misconceptions; myths; Saudi Arabia
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Effectiveness of presence of physician and midwife in quantity and quality of family planning services in health care centers
Jabbari, Hossein
Bakhshian, Fariba
Velayati, Atefeh
Mehrabi, Esmat
Allahverdizadeh, Shirin
Alikhah, Hossein
Maleki, Ahdieh
Ahadi, Hamid-Reza
Ghorbaniyan, Maryam
Naghavi-Behzad, Mohammad
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
Background and Aim:
Iran's health sector has been engaging the services of physicians and midwives in healthcare centers since 2005, with the hope of improving the quantity and quality of family planning services. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of serving physicians and midwives on the quantity and quality of family planning services in the healthcare centers of Iran.
Materials and Methods:
The present cross-sectional study (Jan 2010 until Sep 2011) was carried out on 600 eligible families who were clients of healthcare centers of Tabriz, Azarshahr and Osku, cities of Northwest Iran from 2006 until 2011, in two groups (before and after). Some of the characteristics of the participants and the data on the quality and quantity of family planning services provided were grouped in a checklist of 16 variables by comparing the patients' past medical histories.
In comparison with 3 years prior to engaging physician and midwife services in health care centers, the Couple Year Protection (CYP) and the quantity of family planning service indexes significantly increased among eligible families. The family size of participants declined significantly after family physicians and midwives became available in the healthcare centers (P < 0.005).
Our findings showed some improvement in the quantity of services without any noticeable changes in the quality of services provided as a consequence of this huge intervention. Therefore, it is suggested that there should be proper oversight of the duties of the health team in order to keep a close watch on primary healthcare, design of proper mechanisms for collecting and maintaining performance reports and statistics, and continuously monitor and control the quality of services.
Family planning; fertility; health services; healthcare services; reproductive ages; women of reproductive age
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Consanguinity pattern and heritability of Vitiligo in Arar, Saudi Arabia
Alenizi, Dhaifallah A.
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
Epidemiological studies have shown that vitiligo is a complex trait, involving combinations of pathogenic effects of multiple susceptibility genes as well as environmental risk factors.
To observe whether consanguinity increased the incidence of vitiligo in Saudi patients from Arar.
Patients and Methods:
This study included 69 Saudi patients with vitiligo and their families. These patients, selected from the experience specialist dermatology center in Arar, from April 2011 to 2012, were interviewed by a dermatologist to confirm the diagnosis and complete a questionnaire.
A total of 69 patients, 40 males and 29 females were selected. Their mean age was 34.5 ± 11.8 years with the median age of 23 years. The mean age at onset of disease was 27.9 ± 12.9 years. The mean duration of the disease was 9.7 ± 5.3 years. The frequency of focal, vulgaris, universal, and acrofacial subtypes was 22 (31.9%), 21 (30.4%), 8 (11.6%), and 18 (26.1%), respectively. A positive family history of vitiligo was obtained in 45 (65.2%) cases. A comparison of the frequency of vitiligo among siblings in relation to the general population was more in accord with the multifactorial model.
Consanguinity in marriage increases the incidence of the disease. Therefore, genetic counseling and premarital examination would be important contributions to lower the prevalence of vitiligo.
Arar; consanguinity pattern; genetic; vitiligo
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Awareness of an obstetric population about environmental tobacco smoking
Al-Shaikh, Ghadeer K.
Alzeidan, Rasmieh A.
Mandil, Ahmed M. A.
Fayed, Amel A.
Marwa, Bilal
Wahabi, Hayfaa A.
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
Background and Objectives:
The reported rate of women's smoking is typically low. However, many pregnant women are exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), which could affect their own health and the health of their growing fetus. The aim of this study was to estimate the magnitude of the problem of exposure to ETS and assess the awareness of postpartum women to ETS and its possible effects.
Designs and Settings:
This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 1182 postpartum women at a university hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between 1st January and 30th June, 2012.
Materials and Methods:
A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Factors associated with the level of understanding of the possible effects of ETS exposure were analyzed.
The majority of the participating women knew that exposure to ETS had adverse effects on maternal and fetal health (>80%), but their knowledge of the specific effects on fetal health was limited. The level of mothers' education was found to be associated with better knowledge of effects on mother and fetal health (P < 0.01).
This study revealed that pregnant women in our sample had limited knowledge of the specific effects of ETS on fetal health. This shortcoming in knowledge needs to be addressed by improving health.
Environmental tobacco smoking; knowledge; pregnant woman; smoking
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A cross-sectional online survey of compulsive internet use and mental health of young adults in Malaysia
Kutty, Nizar A. M.
Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T.
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
The last decade has seen the emergence of the internet as the prime communication medium changing the way people live and interact. Studies from various countries have reported on internet addiction and its association with mental health, but none have come from Malaysia.
We aimed at assessing the frequency of the use of various internet applications and exploring the association of compulsive internet use with mental health and socio-demographic factors.
Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional online survey was carried out among participants registered for the monthly opinion poll survey of University Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia. The questionnaire contained socio-demographic information, the use of various internet applications on a five-point Likert scale, compulsive internet use scale (CIUS) and 12 item general health questionnaire (GHQ-12). Correlations and linear regression analyzes were carried out.
Of the 330 respondents, 182 were females and 148 were males. The mean age was 23.17 (SD = 3.84). Mean CIUS score was 19.85 (SD = 10.57) and mean GHQ score was 15.47 (SD = 6.29). Correlation coefficients of CIUS score with age, years of use and daily hours of internet use were −0.118 (P = 0.03), −0.014 (P = 0.81) and 0.242 (P < 0.001) respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age (β = −0.111, P = 0.033) and marital status (β = −0.124, P = 0.018) were negatively associated with CIUS scores whereas daily hours of internet use (β = 0.269, P = 0.001) and GHQ score (β = 0.259, P = 0.001) were positively associated with the CIUS score.
Compulsive internet use was correlated with GHQ score. More research is needed to confirm our results. Psychologists may consider assessing internet addiction when evaluating young psychiatric patients.
Internet addiction; mental health; well-being
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Prevalence of hypertension and associated cardiovascular risk factors in Central India
Bhadoria, Ajeet S.
Kasar, Pradeep K.
Toppo, Neelam A.
Bhadoria, Pooja
Pradhan, Sambit
Kabirpanthi, Vikrant
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
To study the difference in the prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors in urban and rural populations and the association of hypertension with various determinants.
Materials and Methods:
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 48 villages and 15 urban wards of Jabalpur District of Central India. Nine hundred and thirty-nine individuals aged 20 years and above (624 from rural areas and 315 from urban areas) were included in the study. The prevalence of hypertension and associated cardiovascular risk factors was assessed in the urban and rural populations. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic, behavioral, and dietary factors. Anthropometric measurements of weight, height, waist and hip circumference, and blood pressure measurements were taken using the standard methodology. The glucose oxidase–peroxidase and cholesterol oxidase–cholesterol peroxidase methods were used to measure plasma glucose and serum cholesterol, respectively. Bivariate analysis was followed by multivariate analysis to detect the odds of getting hypertension with various risk factors for the urban and rural populations separately. Hypertension was defined as per Joint National Committee (JNC) - VII criteria.
The response rate was 97%. Overall prevalence of hypertension was 17%, with 21.4% in the urban population and 14.8% in the rural population. Significantly higher mean values of weight, height, body mass index (BMI), hip circumference (HC), waist circumference (WC), waist hip ratio (WHR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), fasting blood sugar (FBS), and serum cholesterol levels were mapped in the urban population in comparison with the rural population. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified increasing age, parental history of hypertension, tobacco smoking, tobacco chewing, physical inactivity, high estimated per capita salt consumption, and BMI ≥27.5 kg/m2 as independent predictors for hypertension in the urban population, while in the rural population, increasing age, physical inactivity, central obesity, tobacco chewing and tobacco smoking were independent predictors for hypertension.
The prevalence of hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factors was high in both urban and rural communities. Therefore, there is a need for comprehensive health promotion programs to encourage lifestyle modification.
Blood pressure; cardiovascular risk factors; epidemiology; hypertension; lifestyle; screening
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Indoor air quality levels in a University Hospital in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia
El-Sharkawy, Mahmoud F.
Noweir, Mohamed E. H.
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
Aim of the Study:
The complex hospital environment requires special attention to ensure a healthy indoor air quality (IAQ) to protect patients and healthcare workers against hospital-acquired infections and occupational diseases. Poor hospital IAQ may cause outbreaks of building-related illness such as headaches, fatigue, eye, and skin irritations, and other symptoms. The general objective for this study was to assess IAQ inside a large University hospital at Al-Khobar City in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.
Materials and Methods:
Different locations representing areas where most activities and tasks are performed were selected as sampling points for air pollutants in the selected hospital. In addition, several factors were studied to determine those that were most likely to affect the IAQ levels. The temperature and relative percent humidity of different air pollutants were measured simultaneously at each location.
The outdoor levels of all air pollutant levels, except volatile organic compounds (VOCs), were higher than the indoor levels which meant that the IAQ inside healthcare facilities (HCFs) were greatly affected by outdoor sources, particularly traffic. The highest levels of total suspended particulates (TSPs) and those less than 10 microns (PM10) inside the selected hospital were found at locations that are characterized with m4ore human activity.
Levels of particulate matter (both PM10 and TSP) were higher than the Air Quality Guidelines (AQGs). The highest concentrations of the fungal species recorded were Cladosporium and Penicillium. Education of occupants of HCF on IAQ is critical. They must be informed about the sources and effects of contaminants and the proper operation of the ventilation system.
Air pollutants; air quality guidelines; biological pollutants; hospital environment; indoor air quality; outdoor air pollution; traffic activity; university campuses
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Iodine deficiency in children: A comparative study in two districts of south-interior Karnataka, India
Ahmed, Mansoor
Zama, Syed Y.
Nagarajarao, Vadiraja
Khan, Mudassir A.
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
Iodine is an essential component of the hormones produced by the thyroid gland that are essential for mammalian life. Although goiter is the most visible sequelae of iodine deficiency, the major impact of hypothyroidism as a result of iodine deficiency is impaired neurodevelopment, particularly early in life. According to the World Health Organization, it is the single most preventable cause of mental retardation and brain damage. The simplest, most effective and inexpensive preventive method is the consumption of iodized salt.
The objective of the following study is to estimate the prevalence of goiter in children in the rural areas of Mysore and Coorg districts in India and estimate iodine levels in salt samples.
Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study in the age group of 6-12 years, using population proportionate to size systematic sampling method. The total sample size was 10,082: out of which 5337 was from Mysore and the rest from Coorg district. Clinical examination of the thyroid gland was done and salt samples collected for the estimation of Iodine.
The total prevalence of goiter was 19.01% in children of 6-12 years in Coorg district and 8.77% in Mysore district and it was more in females than in males.
It was observed that iodine deficiency disorders is endemic in both districts, with a prevalence of 19.01% in children aged 6-12 years in Coorg district and 8.77% in Mysore district. Analysis of salt samples suggested that most of the samples were inadequately iodised (73.92% in Coorg and 45.92% in Mysore).
Cross sectional study; dox plot; iodine deficiency; prevalence
Related Articles
Unmet need for family planning among married women of reproductive age group in urban Tamil Nadu
Bhattathiry, Malini M.
Ethirajan, Narayanan
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
Unmet need for family planning (FP), which refers to the condition in which there is the desire to avoid or post-pone child bearing, without the use of any means of contraception, has been a core concept in the field of international population for more than three decades.
The very objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of "unmet need for FP" and its socio-demographic determinants among married reproductive age group women in Chidambaram.
Materials and Methods:
The study was a community-based cross-sectional study of married women of the reproductive age group, between 15 and 49 years. The sample size required was 700. The cluster sampling method was adopted. Unmarried, separated, divorced and widows were excluded.
The prevalence of unmet need for FP was 39%, with spacing as 12% and limiting as 27%. The major reason for unmet need for FP among the married group was 18%, for low perceived risk of pregnancy, 9%, feared the side effects of contraception 5% lacked information on contraceptives, 4% had husbands who opposed it and 3% gave medical reasons. Higher education, late marriage, more than the desired family size, poor knowledge of FP, poor informed choice in FP and poor male participation were found to be associated with high unmet need for FP.
Unmet need for younger women was spacing of births, whereas for older women, it was a limitation of births. Efforts should be made to identify the issues in a case by case approach. Male participation in reproductive issues should be addressed.
Family planning; informed choice; male participation; unmet need
Related Articles
Henoch–Schonlein purpura presenting sequentially as nodular rash, erythema nodosum, and palpable purpura
Balamurugesan, Kandan
Viswanathan, Stalin
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
We describe a 26-year-old woman who presented with a nodular rash on the elbows following an insect bite. Two days later, she developed erythema nodosum. Both these lesions were treated symptomatically. One week later, she had purpura, abdominal pain, hematuria, and arthralgias, following which steroids were administered. Her investigations revealed only microscopic hematuria that disappeared with therapy. This pattern of sequential appearance of rash and a nodular morphology are both unique features not previously reported.
Adult; erythema nodosum; Henoch–Schonlein purpura; nodular rash
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Age-appropriate feeding practices and nutritional status of infants attending child welfare clinic at a Teaching Hospital in Nigeria
Lawan, Umar M.
Amole, Gboluwaga T.
Jahum, Mahmud G.
Sani, Abdullahi
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
Appropriate infant feeding is the key to optimum infant and child development and survival. This study investigates age-appropriate infant feeding practices and nutritional status of infants attending the immunization and child welfare clinic at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital.
Materials and Methods:
Using a cross-sectional descriptive design, a sample of 300 sets of infants (age ≤12 months) and caregivers was systematically selected and studied. The data were analyzed using the MINITAB® 12.21 (USA) statistical software.
All the infants studied were still on breast milk. Most of the mothers demonstrated correct body positioning (89.9) and attachment (78.7%) during breastfeeding, and effective suckling was demonstrated in 77.0%. Interestingly, none of the infants was either exclusively breastfed for 6 months or currently on exclusive breastfeeding. Furthermore, only 64 (58.2%) of the 110 infants that were more than 6 months of age had appropriately been started on complementary feeding from 6 months of age. Overall, most caregivers (88.7%) had "fair" to "good" infant feeding practices. The practices were significantly associated with their level of education, and their relationship with the infants. Up to 40.0% and 73.7% of the infants had varying degrees of wasting and stunting respectively. Infant feeding practices and the age of the infants emerged as the only factors significantly associated with stunting, while both the caregivers' practices and age of the infants emerged as significant predictors of wasting in the infants.
Conclusion and Recommendations:
Barely 3 years to the 2015 target of the millennium development goals (MDGs), infant feeding and nutritional status still poses a serious threat to the dream of realizing the MDG-4. The Ministry of Health and relevant developing partners in this region should as a matter of urgency, formulate and implement a strong community-based public health intervention program to improve the knowledge and practices of mothers on infant feeding.
Age-appropriate feeding; infant feeding practices; Kano-Nigeria; nutritional status
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Symptomatic cycling Cushing disease managed by simultaneous bilateral laparoscopic adrenalectomy in a 11-year-old boy
Al-Otaibi, Khalid M.
Abduljabbar, Mohammad A.
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
We report symptomatic cycling Cushing disease in a 11-year-old boy that was managed with simultaneous bilateral laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Positioning and the surgical technique have been fully described. Excellent results were achieved. Recent application of laparoscopic adrenalectomy for various adrenal pathology is highly effective and offers better results than open surgery. Post-operative recovery after laparoscopic technique is significantly shorter than the open technique.
Cycling Cushing disease; laparoscopic adrenalectomy; laparoscopic adrenalectomy in children; simultaneous bilateral adrenalectomy
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Primary care physicians' knowledge and perceived barriers in the management of overweight and obesity
Sebiany, Abdulaziz M.
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
To determine the level of knowledge of primary health care physicians and the barriers perceived in the management of overweight and obesity in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.
Primary health care centers in Dammam and Al-Khobar cities, Saudi Arabia.
A cross-sectional study.
Materials and Methods:
One hundred and forty-nine physicians were surveyed. Data were collected with a specially made anonymous, self-administrated, structured questionnaire with a Cronbach alpha reliability of 0.85, and content validity by five experts was used to measure the knowledge and barriers from several different aspects of care provided by primary health care centers to the overweight and obese.
One hundred and thirty (87%) physicians responded. More than two-thirds of the respondents considered themselves as key players in the management of obesity. However, only one-third believed that they were well prepared to treat obesity. Eighty-three per cent of the respondents had a negative attitude toward the concept of overweight and obesity. It was noted that 76.9% of physicians advised patients to control their weight with sport and exercise together with low calorie diet. Sixty percent of the respondents used body mass index to diagnose obesity. Seventy-two percent of respondents did not use weight reduction medications to treat obesity. Lack of training, poor administrative support, and time constraints were identified as barriers in managing overweight and obesity.
Respondents were aware of the magnitude of overweight and obesity as a major public health problem in Saudi Arabia, and they were also aware of the correct definition of overweight and obesity, as well as its effect in increasing mortality. Better training is required to improve some areas of awareness and management of the conditions.
Barriers; knowledge; obesity; overweight; primary health care physicians; Saudi Arabia
Related Articles
Attitude of primary care physicians toward patient safety in Aseer region, Saudi Arabia
Al-Khaldi, Yahia M.
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
The objective of this study was to assess the attitude of physicians at primary health-care centers (PHCC) in Aseer region toward patient safety.
Materials and Methods:
This study was conducted among working primary health-care physicians in Aseer region, Saudi Arabia, in August 2011. A self-administered questionnaire consisting of three parts was used; the first part was on the socio-demographic, academic and about the work profile of the participants. The attitude consisting of 26 questions was assessed on a Likert scale of 7 points using attitude to patients safety questionnaire-III items and the last part concerned training on "patient safety", definition and factors that contribute to medical errors. Data of the questionnaire were entered and analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 15.
The total number of participants was 228 doctors who represent about 65% of the physicians at PHCC, one-third of whom had attended a course on patient safety and only 52% of whom defined medical error correctly. The best score was given for the reduction of medical errors (6.2 points), followed by role of training and learning on patient safety (6 and 5.9 points), but undergraduate training on patient safety was given the least score. Confidence to report medical errors scored 4.6 points as did reporting the errors of other people and 5.6 points for being open with the supervisor about an error made. Participants agreed that "even the most experienced and competent doctors make errors" (5.9 points), on the other hand, they disagreed that most medical errors resulted from nurses' carelessness (3.9 points) or doctors' carelessness (4 points).
This study showed that PHCC physicians in Aseer region had a positive attitude toward patient safety. Most of them need training on patient safety. Undergraduate education on patient safety which was considered a priority for making future doctors' work effective was inadequate.
Aseer region; attitude; patient safety; primary health-care centers
Related Articles
The prevalence of pterygium in Alkhobar: A hospital-based study
Alqahtani, Jerman M.
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
To analyze the epidemiology of pterygium in a hospital-based population in Alkhobar, which is located in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia.
Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective, non-randomized, and consecutive case study. Out of 88,666 patients who were seen in the ophthalmology clinic between January 1995 through the end of December 2010, 116 patients were diagnosed with advanced pterygium. The medical records of these patients were evaluated.
The overall prevalence of pterygium was found to be 0.074%. There was no significant difference by either gender, side, or by laterality (P > 0.05). A significant increase was noticed in the prevalence of pterygium with increasing age and nasal location (P < 0.05).
The overall prevalence rate of pterygium in Alkhobar is low when compared with results reported from other areas of the world.
Alkhobar; hospital-based; prevalence; pterygium; Saudi Arabia
Related Articles
Prevalence and associated factors of polypharmacy among adult Saudi medical outpatients at a tertiary care center
Salih, Salih Bin
Yousuf, Muhammad
Durihim, Huda
Almodaimegh, Hind
Tamim, Hani
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of polypharmacy (PP) and the associated factors in medical outpatients.
Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study was carried out in adult medical outpatients attending internal medicine clinics at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from 1 March 2009 to 31 December 2009. PP was defined as the concomitant use of ≥5 medications daily. The number of medications being currently taken by patient was recorded. Effect of patients' age, gender, educational level, number of prescribers, disease load and disease type on PP was assessed by multivariate analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Incorporated (SPSS Inc) Version 18.
Out of 766 patients included in the study, 683 (89%) had PP. The mean number of prescribed medications, oral pills and doses was 8.8, 9.6 and 12.1, respectively. Factors significantly associated with PP included age (≥61 years), disease load and the number of prescribers. Gender had no impact on PP while education beyond primary education significantly decreased PP. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia alone and as a cluster increased PP.
We found an extremely high level of PP in medical outpatients at our tertiary care center. The impact of PP on medication compliance and control of underlying diseases in Saudi Arabia is unknown and needs to be studied at different levels of care.
Medical; medications; outpatients; polypharmacy
Related Articles
Prevalence of smoking among male secondary school students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Fida, Hashim R.
Abdelmoneim, Ismail
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
This study was conducted to examine the prevalence of smoking and habits of smoking among male secondary school students in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and to assess their knowledge and attitudes toward it.
Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Jeddah, using a two-stage cluster sampling, randomly selecting 4 out of 85 government male secondary schools. Data were obtained through a self-administered questionnaire eliciting responses to questions on personal background, smoking behavior, knowledge, behavior, and attitude toward smoking. A total of 695 students responded to the questionnaires with 87.4% response rate.
Of the studied group, 258 (37%) currently smoked, and of these, 83.7% had started smoking at the age of 14 years or less. The most common reason for smoking was the influence of family, especially the presence of someone at home who smoked (65, 9%) and friends who smoked (42.5%). Many of the students search for information on the risks of smoking (66.3%), and only (45.3%) knew about the bad effects of passive smoking on others. Two-third of the students who smoked wanted to quit smoking (63.2%), especially if suitable help was offered, whereas (60.9%) had tried to quit. While 50% of students smoked for recreation and entertainment, and (33.6%) had difficulty avoiding smoking in no smoking areas.
A well-planned integrated antismoking campaign is urgently required, especially among students and teachers. The study revealed that the prevalence of smoking was high. This will contribute to an increase in smoking-related health problems in the future if proper preventive measures are not taken.
Smoking; male students; secondary school; prevalence; behavior
Related Articles
Computer literacy of physicians among the hospitals of Makkah region
Shaker, Hani A. S.
Farooq, Mian U.
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
Background and Objectives:
A confidential inquiry by the Directorate General of Health Affairs, Makkah region, Saudi Arabia, found physicians in different hospitals were reluctant to enter patients' related information in electronic medical record systems. One of the major issues raised was that they didn't have the required computer literacy. Our aim, therefore, was to conduct a survey to highlight the computer literacy among the physicians of Makkah region.
Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional survey was performed from May to July 2009. A structured questionnaire of four A4 size paper was distributed among the physicians of the Makkah region working in seven different hospitals. The questionnaire contained questions on background knowledge of computers, i.e., (a) basic computer vocabulary knowledge (BCVK) (10 questions), (b) basic computer skills (BCS) (22 questions), (c) basic communication and internet skills (BCIS) (12 questions).
Response rate of 368, i.e., 81.6% of sample size (n = 451) was attained. The maximum response came from King Abdul Aziz Hospital (Taif), i.e., 79%. Overall BCVK, BCS and BCIS were the highest among the physicians of Alnoor Specialist Hospital, i.e., 71.3%, 91.4%, 87.7%, respectively. All the hospitals had a satisfactory level of BCVK, but levels of BCS and BCIS were above satisfactory except King Abdul Aziz Hospital (Jeddah) that showed a satisfactory level in BCIS.
Majority of the physicians had a good or an excellent level of computer background knowledge that gave a prediction toward the issues of their non-promising attitude and beliefs about electronic data entry.
Computer literacy; computerized medical record; cross-sectional survey
Related Articles
Prevalence of low testosterone levels in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study
Al Hayek, Ayman A.
Khader, Yousef S.
Jafal, Sahar
Khawaja, Nahla
Robert, Asirvatham A.
Ajlouni, Kamel
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
A high prevalence of low serum testosterone (LST) in men with type 2 diabetes have been reported worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of LST in men with type 2 diabetes.
Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study, conducted among 1,089 men (aged 30-70 years) with type 2 diabetes who consecutively attended a major diabetes center in Amman, Jordan, between August 2008 and February 2009. The patients' demographic characteristics were collected using a prestructured questionnaire. Duration of diabetes, smoking habits, presence of retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy were collected from the medical records. All participants were asked to complete the Androgen Deficiency in Ageing Male (ADAM) questionnaire. Venous blood sample was collected to test for total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (FT), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), serum lipids, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). LST was defined as TT <3 ng/ml.
Overall, 36.5% of patients with diabetes had TT level <3 ng/ml and 29% had symptoms of androgen deficiency. Of those with serum testosterone level <3 ng/ml, 80.2% had symptoms of androgen deficiency, 16.9% had primary hypogonadism (HG), and 83.1% had secondary HG. Univariate analysis showed a significant relationship between age, income, education, body mass index (BMI), smoking, duration of diabetes, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, and HbA1c. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated age, income, BMI, and diabetic neuropathy as the independent risk factors of LST.
The prevalence of LST among men with type 2 diabetes is high. Age, income, BMI, and diabetic neuropathy were found to be the independent risk factors for LST.
Diabetes mellitus; low serum testosterone; prevalence
Related Articles
Prevalence and the relationship of oral mucosal lesions in tobacco users and denture wearers in the North Indian population
Patil, Santosh
Yadav, Nidhi
Patil, Prashant
Kaswan, Sumita
Journal of Family & Community Medicine
The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and the relationship of oral mucosal lesions in tobacco users and denture wearers in a North Indian population.
Materials and Methods:
The study comprised 3,749 patients attending the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Jodhpur Dental College General Hospital between September 2008 and December 2012, for the treatment of dental problems other than oral mucosal lesions. The ages ranged from 28 years to 83 years, with a mean age of 49.7 years. The results were evaluated using the Pearson Chi-square test, with Yate's correction and ANOVA tests.
A total of 2,318 patients were diagnosed with lesions associated with the use tobacco and the wearing of dentures. The most frequently seen lesion was melanin pigmentation (29.9%) followed by linea alba (22.2%) and frictional keratosis (19.9%). Ulcers (6.1%) were the most common oral lesion seen in patients who wore dentures, followed by hyperplasia (4.8%). A statistically significant relation (P < 0.05) was established between tobacco and melanin pigmentation, frictional keratosis, traumatic ulcerations and leukoplakia. In those who wore dentures a statistically significant relation (P < 0.05) was found between candidiasis, traumatic ulceration and frictional keratosis.
The results of the present study indicate that the association of frictional keratosis with tobacco users and wearers of dentures can help in determining the diagnosis and treatment plan for oral cancer. Wearers of dentures should also be recalled for periodic checks at regular intervals and optimum preventive measures implemented.
Denture wearers; oral mucosal pathology; smokers
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Showing results for michel sherman. Search instead for Michael Shermer.
Create the page "Michael Shermer" on this wiki! See also the page found with your search.
- Dioramas, small arms, and photos. Outside are four armored vehicles (Sherman, Marder, Crocodile, and M-10 Hellcat). Inside are Self-propelled 105 mm12 KB (1,833 words) - 02:51, 11 June 2016

subset: commoncrawl


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- 1 year ago by Elizabeth Licata
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Well, at least she'll have the crunchiest, most unmedicated natural birth story in play group. More
Well, at least she'll have the crunchiest, most unmedicated natural birth story in play group. More
If you have ever squeezed a six-to-ten-pound person out through your baby-chute, there may have been at least a few moments during the process where you wished your partner wasn't right next to you. Like in the waiting room down the hall, for example. Or in the hospital gift shop to buy you the biggest box of chocolates and bouquet of flowers in the there. Or maybe on the moon. Without a spacesuit. More
Search around, and you'll find approximately 6,268 guides instructing pregnant people on how to select a doctor, a midwife, a doula, a birth photographer, a lactation consultant, and even a nursery decorator. But what about a guide helping a pregnant person to select the friends and family members who will join them on the day an entire human being comes out of their body? Nope. Not many of those guides. But there should be. More
That nineties song "Closing Time" will totally blow your mind once you realize it's actually about childbirth, not alcohol. More
Less than an hour – less than one hour – after arriving the hospital and discovering she was pregnant with a full-term baby, a Massachusetts woman gave birth to her firstborn daughter. I'm not sure whether to feel sorry for this woman, or be incredibly, wildly jealous. More
This probiotic supplement will make your vagina smell like peaches? -The Frisky
This mom sacrificed her life to save her son during childbirth. -Newser
A former NBC employee claims that he was Bill Cosby's "fixer." -The Frisky
This employee was fired for requesting time off. FOR CANCER TREATMENT. -Blisstree
Thanksgiving is just another high school reunion. -Bustle
Here's proof that Jennifer Anniston is the original Kim Kardashian. -The Gloss
Here are 10 tips to make you feel more confident in the bedroom. -Gurl
Well, this is cute. Liam Hemsworth sent JLaw a stuffed toy koala. -Crushable
Photo: Shutterstock
Pregnancy is full of warnings that you are about to say goodbye to control. The timing of conception, what and when you can eat, when you can pee, when you are inconveniently horny, your baby's gender — this is all your body and your unborn child saying, "Oops! Your life just stopped being your own, buddy!" And you often don't heed them. Even when there are complications in your pregnancy, and you might have to have a C-section, it's hard to let go of the concept that you can make things go your own way. More
I love a party as much as anyone else, but the actual birth of your child is not a birthday you should be sending invitations to. An Australian woman does not agree with me. She sent a dozen invitations for the day of her labor, so her child wouldn't have to come into the world alone. More
We saw her precious heartbeat flickering on the screen the moment the wand touched my lower abdomen. I was so entranced by that sight that I did not notice at first the concern on the tech's face. Over the coming months, I would become a professional at reading ultrasound tech's faces as I would be having many of them. More
Like many terrified women pregnant with twins, I signed up for my local hospital's "Preparing for Multiples" birthing class. It promised to take me through everything I needed to know about being pregnant with multiples, giving birth to multiples, and caring for newborns. I came ready to learn with pen in hand and reluctant husband in tow. It turned out, however, that not unlike every single class I have ever taken in my life, I am a terrible student. More
A pregnant Redditer concerned that her vagina will be "wrecked" by childbirth, went to the site's Baby Bumps sub-Reddit for answers. And she got some. Oh boy, did she get some. More
The following women are having a damn good time during their labors. I love it.
Both of my children were born via planned c-section. It was obviously not what I had in mind when I first got pregnant and envisioned how it would all go down but it's what happened and I had to accept it. I have heard many people suggest that a c-section is the easy way out and that is simply not the case. More
My husband attended both of my, rather our, births. I say "our" not because I am in the camp of the smug "we're pregnant" parents, but because it was the mutual birth of our children. Yes, they came out of my body, but he was the one who put them there. I firmly believe that it was his responsibility to do everything he could to help get them out, which involved feeding me water through a straw, setting up my Grey's Anatomy playlist, and generally trying to stay out of my way. More


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Move your entire Windows XP installation into Windows 7 with Paragon Go Virtual
In this edition of the Windows Desktop Report, Greg Shultz shows you how to use Paragon Go Virtual, which is a free tool, to move your Windows XP installation into Windows 7 and run it with Windows Virtual PC.
This download is also available as a TechRepublic blog post and gallery.
Provided by: Greg Shultz Topic: Software Date Added: Aug 2010 Format: PDF


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WHY IS IT that the best writing ideas always hit when there is no time to pursue them?
and by 'best' I don't mean
that which has potential to go viral,
but the thing about which
you realize
you have something to say
that needs to be said somewhere
and your experience has given you insight
and you have interest in the subject
and you have access to resources
and that you would find it fulfilling (albeit challenging)
to do the work?
WHY do ideas come when there's no time to strike while the passion is hot?
Is it because the mind more open
when it's easy to commit with words,
to say "THAT's what I ought to write about!"
when certainly nobody will be expecting you
to do it, not at this time?
Or does the idea come at that time
because of that old saw
about busy people –
If you want something done, ask a busy person –
suggesting a body in motion
tends to stay in motion
and so it's the heat of current activity
that's generating creative sparks,
inviting inspiration,
asking to be used to the fullest?
Is that why the ideas popcorn out?
And one teeters dangerously close
to falling into "if only" mode?
IF ONLY I wasn't . . .
I could do it.
Thereby we are rendered deaf
quite often.
* * *
A YEAR I'VE BEEN LOOKING for light
a lamp actually,
a lamp
just so high
just so wide
casting light in just such a way
giving me a certain feeling
when I see it,
a feeling I can't describe
but I'll know it when it hits.
I searched
then gave up,
called away by the need to tend to people.
Important, that.
And then just last week
in the middle of tending to
tasks people,
running errands to fill needs,
I exit a shop,
laden down, hands full, arms full.
A lamp
across the street
in the window of a consignment shop
catches my eye,
calls to me.
But I'm not thinking about that now.
I'm not worrying about a lamp for that window now.
I have people needing this and that
and appointments to be here and there
and only a sliver of time today
and my arms are full.
Doesn't God know
that finding a lamp
is not on my day's agenda?
But, ah, I am not Zechariah,
failing to recognize an answer coming,
the very thing.
Why is it the best things come
not when we are free
but when we are deeply engaged
and the mere suggestion
that we consider it
makes us roll our eyes?
Be dressed ready for service and keep your lamps burning
– Luke 12:35


text:
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2011 wasn't a banner year for celebrity couples. This year, we saw our fair share of quick hook-ups and disastrous break-ups. Divorce seemed to be the word of the year. Now, a new celebrity divorce has hit the fan and my jaw is hitting the floor.
Russell Brand has filed for divorce from his mega-pop star wife, Katy Perry. The two were married last year in India and seemed to be absolutely in love. The docs were filed in LA with the reason for ending the marriage being "irreconcilable differences.". The pair had recently been spotted separately without their wedding rings one which started a media storm of trouble ahead.
However, many are saying that Brand may have blindsided Perry with the filing of the divorce petition. Yikes! The two did spend Christmas apart this year, a weird tradition for a newly married couple. What do you think of Russell and Katy's new divorce? Sound off below.


text:
I have been searching for this and others have had this problem, but the solutions have not worked for me so far.
My site is http://www.myeyespy.com/bcc
I am using a plugin for the random picture in the sidebar - lazyest gallery. Everything works fine in Firefox, but in IE then I get the contents of the sidebar moving down to below the vertical position of the articles in the main text.
The strange thing is that this only happens sometimes - you can hit refresh and then the next sidebar contents will show at the top of the page correctly. Hit refresh a few times and you will see what I mean.
You would think this is to do with the size of the picture - but they are all set to be a maximum size using the gallery plugin. I attempted to change the thumbnail size to being just 50 pixels and it would still randomly work/not work.
Also on the times that it works fine, then it is often with a wide picture (width>height), and other times it does not work with a tall picture (height>width).
So it is a bit weird.
If anyone has any ideas then I would appreciate any pointers.
thank you


text:
Smart Couples Finish Rich: 9 Steps to Creating a Rich Future for You and Your Partner (Paperback)
From first-time newlyweds to people on their second or third marriage, couples face an overwhelming task when it comes to money management. Nationally renowned financial advisor and bestselling author David Bach knows that it doesn't have to be this way. In "Smart Couples Finish Rich," he provides couples with easy-to-use tools that cover everything from credit card management, to investment advice, to long-term care. You and your partner will learn how to work together as a team to identify your core values and dreams, creating a financial plan that will allow you to achieve security, provide for your family's future financial needs, and increase your income. Together, you'll learn why couples that plan their finances together, stay together.
About the Author
David Bach is the author of the #1 national bestseller "The Automatic Millionaire" and the creator of the Automatic Millionaire and Finish Rich System. For 7 years, his "FinishRich" seminars have been the leading financial seminars in North America, being taught in over 2,000 cities by thousands of financial advisors. He has appeared in "The Wall Street Journal" and on "CNN". He is the host of his own nationally syndicated radio show, "Live Rich with David Bach". It is his mission to create 100,000 new Automatic Millionaires.


text:
we got a new problem that arose, our 10 minute video lessons that we posted in flv stopped playing. Our server is telling us that either videos that should be requesting 1 to 2 mb are requesting up to 37 mb, kicking an error....not enough php disk space.
The one that were not You tube we had to just put a download, unable to embed.
Now AT&T our hosting co..(worthless by the way) is saying that my PHP code is poorly written.........or we have a severe leakage!
please enlighten me in layman's terms
1. is this true?
2. is there anything like a easy plugin fix....?????
3. is in the template, or would hanging templates help???
please Help, this is way over my head!


text:
Comic-Con Trailers: The Best of the Best, Ranked
Film, TV
Showing results 1-3 of 3
Producer Emma Thomas talks Catwoman and Bane in "Dark Knight Rises!" An early review of the "Arrow" pilot script hits the web! Michael Bay to helm a new "Transformers" film! Plus, "Ghostbusters 3" and more!
Chris Evans and Joss Whedon expound on Captain America's role in "Avengers!" New images from "Dark Knight Rises!" A "Green Arrow" pilot on the way for the CW! Plus, Steven Spielberg on a "Tintin" sequel and more!
Michael Shannon on flying without wires! Tom Hiddleston on his favorite "Avengers" day! Producer Kathleen Kennedy on "Tintin" sequel! Also, Composer Hans Zimmer talks "Dark Knight Rises" chant and more.
Archives: All | Comic Books | TV/Film | Video Games | Web Comics


text:
If I choose to ignore sql-server, shouldn't sql-server-2008, sql-server-2005, sql-server-20004 be ignored automatically for me? Otherwise, I'll have to fight them all for years.
Meta Stack Exchange is where users like you discuss bugs, features, and support issues that affect the software powering all 158 Stack Exchange communities.
What is meta?
What is meta?
Here's how it works:
- Any Stack Exchange user can ask a question
- The community provides support, votes on ideas, and reports bugs
- Your voice helps shape the way Stack Exchange operates
Just add
The reason the system doesn't do this automatically is because there is no semantic concept of a "root tag", and doing prefix-based ignores by default would create significant problems when it came to tags such as c.


text:
Terry and Tim Cates of 5402 While-A-Way Road announce the engagement of their daughter, Melissa, to Shadin Vincent.
Vincent is the son of Rhonda and Rob Vincent of Dumas.
The couple plan to be wed June 1 at the Ranch House Bed and Breakfast in Canyon.
Amarillo Globe-News, March 19, 2002
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, Volume 22, Issue 2, pp 375-385
First online:
Non-parametric detection of meaningless distances in high dimensional data
- Ata KabánAffiliated withSchool of Computer Science, The University of Birmingham Email author
Rent the article at a discountRent now
* Final gross prices may vary according to local VAT.Get Access
Distance concentration is the phenomenon that, in certain conditions, the contrast between the nearest and the farthest neighbouring points vanishes as the data dimensionality increases. It affects high dimensional data processing, analysis, retrieval, and indexing, which all rely on some notion of distance or dissimilarity. Previous work has characterised this phenomenon in the limit of infinite dimensions. However, real data is finite dimensional, and hence the infinite-dimensional characterisation is insufficient. Here we quantify the phenomenon more precisely, for the possibly high but finite dimensional case in a distribution-free manner, by bounding the tails of the probability that distances become meaningless. As an application, we show how this can be used to assess the concentration of a given distance function in some unknown data distribution solely on the basis of an available data sample from it. This can be used to test and detect problematic cases more rigorously than it is currently possible, and we demonstrate the working of this approach on both synthetic data and ten real-world data sets from different domains.
KeywordsHigh dimensional data Curse of dimensionality Distance concentration Nearest neighbour Chebyshev bound Statistical test
Reference tools
- Title
- Non-parametric detection of meaningless distances in high dimensional data
- Journal
Statistics and Computing
Volume 22, Issue 2 , pp 375-385
- Cover Date
- 2012-03
- 10.1007/s11222-011-9229-0
- Print ISSN
- 0960-3174
- Online ISSN
- 1573-1375
- Publisher
- Springer US
- Additional Links
- Topics
- Keywords
- High dimensional data
- Curse of dimensionality
- Distance concentration
- Nearest neighbour
- Chebyshev bound
- Statistical test
- Industry Sectors
- Authors
- Ata Kabán (1)
- Author Affiliations
- 1. School of Computer Science, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK


text:
Ray Hanania
Professional Media, Public Relations, Public Affairs & New Media Strategies
USG specializes in message development,
audience identification,
advocacy, and engagement;
and then, effective message delivery.
Recognized with numerous journalism awards
for column writing and political analysis.
When you hire Ray Hanania, you work
directly with Ray Hanania.
. . . . . Home | About | Clients | Awards | Practice Areas | MidEast | Case Studies | Contact
Proud Veteran of Active Duty Military Service
Vietnam Era, 1973-1975
Illinois Air National Guard 1975 - 1987
Click here to order a copy of my new book "PoweR Pr" 22.95


text:
In C, the fread function is like this:
size_t fread(void *buf, size_t max, FILE *file);
Usually char* arrays are used as buf. People usually assume that char = 8 bit. But what if it isn't true? What happens if files written in 8 bit byte systems are read on 10 bit byte systems? Is there any single standard on portability of files and network streams between systems with bytes of different size? And most importantly, how to write portable code in this regard?


text:
Keep the Opportunities, Lose the Opportunists
Clinical-Style Validation, Regulation, and Quality Control...
Co-Sourcing Improves Pharmaceutical Laboratory Productivity
Loss of Lives in Clinical Trials...
If a genetics laboratory can be compared to the high fashion runways of Milan, then Cre mice are the latest, trendiest clothes around. (Traditional gene knockout mice? That was so last season!) Cre mice, conditional gene knockout mice in which the Cre/loxP recombination system is employed, have become the new standard in genetics research. This is because they allow for the targeted knockout of a gene within specific tissues and at specific time points during development. Because of the advantages of the approach, Cre lines are constantly being developed and expanded. So, thank goodness that the Nagy laboratory at Mount Sinai Hospital has compiled Cre-X-Mice, a database of the myriad Cre lines. The site authors concede that it is not a complete compilation, but the framework is certainly there. Visitors can search the database by anatomical area, cell type, developmental stage, promoter or locus, transgene type, and genetic background. This is definitely a database to bookmark as researchers continue to concoct their transgenic "Cre"-ations.
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MDMA (commonly known as the empathogen "ecstasy") is classified as a Schedule 1 drug, which is reserved for compounds with no accepted medical use and a high abuse potential. Two researchers from Stanford, however, call for a rigorous scientific exploration of MDMA's effects to identify precisely how the drug works, the data from which could be used to develop therapeutic compounds.Do you agree that ecstasy should be studied for its potential therapeutic benefits?
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text:
At the end of the shower you have to reach around and spread your buttocks to rinse out trapped soap.
Every day in the shower Danny would reach around and spread his cheeks to make sure he wasn't still soapy.
by Perfect Skier December 29, 2006
Loveline term used to describe mutually rewarding sexual experience whereby the deliverer of services approaches the recipient from behind by slowly placing his or her hand on the recipients sensitive pubic area
Adam told Drew that he was interested in a reach around because he hadn't had time to relieve his stress all day.
by Anonymous July 10, 2001
when a man and a woman are having sex; the woman reaches around and stimulates his testicles or his penis.
she was riding me on top, then she did a reach around behind her and rubbed by sacks!
i was hittin that from the back, when she did a reach around and jacked my shaft and rubbed my balls - it was great!
i was hittin that from the back, when she did a reach around and jacked my shaft and rubbed my balls - it was great!
by SSG JC August 28, 2007
Occurs when a prison bitch or a homosexual male is on the receiving end of getting fucked in the ass while the male fucking him simutaneously reaches around, grabs his receiver's cock and jerks him off.
Big Bubba really liked the way his white collar convict prison bitch Joey moved, pushed and worked his mangina; so he treated to Joey to a reach around.
by slicksal October 23, 2006
A driving maneuver where a tail-gater moves from left to right to ensure he/she is visible in all of your mirrors.
As if tailgating wasnt bad enough, this idiot is giving me a reacharound!
by willyman82 February 09, 2010
Hand Job while ridin ur bitch on the back of ur Hog.
I took my bitch out ridin' and she gave me a reach around.
by diggdugg4 September 16, 2007
during gay sex,when one man is fucking the other in the ass and reaches under his partner and jerks him off
That dirty mexican robert gave gay ray a reach around last night
by Gothic Bob October 04, 2004


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The PC version of Activision's heavily hyped first-person military shooter, Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 - officially available in less than 24 hours - may go down as one of the most contentious launches in games history. Who would have thought it?
The game has been mired in controversy of late, a muddle of pros and cons batted around by hundreds of thousands of advocates as well as detractors on message boards and social network sites and pithy missive multiplication mediums such as Twitter.
It's got just about everyone riled up for one reason or another, whether we're talking about the terrorist gameplay, the move to dedicated multiplayer servers, the inclusion of Valve's Steamworks technology, or the footage of Washington DC going up in smoke.
Its Wikipedia page is locked, the debate shuffled offstage to the discussion section, where it includes concerns about 'tactical nukes', 'angry PC users', 'dedicated servers', whether the game's actually sixth or second in the series, its actual Wikipedia name and location (should it include the 'Call of Duty' tag?), whether the acronym 'MW2' conflicts with Activision's old robot-brawler MechWarrior 2, whether the main page's tone is too 'positive', and whether there should, in fact, be a 'controversy' section at all.
Contrast with the comparably laconic discussion pages for other controversy-laden games, such as Left 4 Dead 2, Six Days in Fallujah, Resident Evil 5, or Muslim Massacre: The Game of Modern Religious Genocide.
See also: Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 review
A big splash
The contoversy is almost certainly to do with the unprecedented anticipation level for Modern Warfare 2. According to Barbara Ortutay writing for the San Jose Mercury News, the game could surpass The Dark Knight's record $155m opening weekend takings last year. Ortutay writes that gamers are expected to spend half a billion and more on the game in the first week alone. 10,000 midnight launches, $50m in estimated marketing spend, TV adverts, billboards... it's like the launch of a new Grand Theft Auto or Halo, except bigger.
As of today, the petition to "get Infinity Ward to review their decision not to allow fully dedicated servers" in the PC version of Modern Warfare 2 stands at nearly 200,000 signatures. It's not a petition to boycott the game, per se, although another one criticising the game's unusually high price - $60, about ten dollars higher than norm - has more than 15,000 signatures and encourages gamers to "not purchase MW2", "purchase only in used form" or "import from a cheaper country".
This is an indicator that PC gaming enthusiasts are incensed over some of the choices Activision has made regarding the Windows version.
What if, consequently, gamers who'd been planning to buy Windows version train their sights instead on the Xbox 360 or PlayStation versions? What happens if, instead of a general boycott, there was a platform-specific one?
Next page: the advantages of consoles >>
See also:
Download games, PC games reviews and news
The Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 versions of the game dodge several of the criticisms dogging the Windows version. It's expected they'll use dedicated servers to handle matchmaking, because they always have. They'll cost $60 because that's the market price consumers essentially accepted across the board when the Xbox 360 launched in late 2005. And they won't include Valve's Steam client, because that's a PC-only technology.
PC gamers are fickle in ways console gamers aren't. They're operating a platform that's premised on broader configurability and interactivity. They expect things console gamers don't, namely the choice to interact with Windows games in sophisticated and multifaceted ways. They're understandably disgruntled that multiplatform games often arrive for the PC much delayed, or not at all. They're teased with console-like services like Games for Windows LIVE, then left to hang in the wind with a fraction of the library and features support afforded to console game equivalents.
So when it comes to MW2, it wouldn't be a surprise if throngs of former PC-version enthusiasts threw in the towel and opted for the simpler, more straightforward, "big-screen-living-room" experience.
"Why bother with the PC version at all if it's missing the things that make the PC unique?" this group might argue.
They'd be helped along by arguments against Valve's Steam client, bundled with both the retail and online PC versions of the game. Steam is Valve's combination storefront and DRM (digital rights management) tool. It sits between you and the games you've bought, monitors what you're doing while reserving the right to pass (or sell, for profit) that information to anyone Valve chooses, and can be downright Orwellian if you're suddenly stuck trying to play without internet access. Its mandatory inclusion in the PC version of Modern Warfare 2 has the taint of 'monopoly', too, instigating a sales boycott of the game by online digital storefront competitors like Impulse, Direct2Drive, and GamersGate.
Silent boycott
What happens then, if there's a 'silent PC boycott' of Modern Warfare 2?
It's hard to say how much Activision would ultimately care. It's no secret that console versions of a given multi-platform game outsell their PC equivalents by sizable margins. No doubt developing multiple versions costs Activision more money. Consider the volatile post-release support costs PC publishers have to budget for, to wrestle with all the variable hardware bits and driver bobs and differing OS versions.
Then there's the piracy argument, that PC versions of games fare horribly when factoring revenue lost to illegal copying. That, and insulating PC games from hacking and black market circulation is a Sisyphean endeavor, not to mention a public relations nightmare, given public sentiment towards DRM.
If the PC version of Modern Warfare 2 fares poorly relative to the console iterations - and, in particular, prior PC franchise sales - I wonder if it wouldn't compel Activision to pull an Electronic Arts (think big-ticket stuff such as Madden) and drop the PC from future versions altogether.
As it stands, the publisher's contentious decision to emasculate the game by stripping it of PC-specific functionality doesn't seem to be doing the platform or its strongest advocates any favours.
See also:
Download games, PC games reviews and news


text:
kristarella had a very helpful .htaccess rule for changing the &name= portion of the Aweber query string (WordPress blocks it because "name" is a reserved word).
Her forum reply is here.
The .htaccess rule looks like this:
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (.+?)&name=(.+)
RewriteRule ^page-name/ /page-name/?%1&fullname=%2 [R,NC,L]
And I've made sure I put it between
RewriteEngine On
RewriteBase /
But I think it may not be working because my page is a sub-page and so when I do this:
RewriteRule ^gifts/thanks/ /gifts/thanks/?%1&fullname=%2 [R,NC,L]
I have a feeling those forward slashes aren't right. I've tried various combinations, but it's not working. Or is there some other issue I'm not seeing?


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text:
Type: Posts; User: matt1124
Don't want to be behind a desk? :grin2: I graduated EE but found it boring so it was up on the roof for me!
Same thing. Packard sucks though, prepare to go back and fix it again next year.
What part of OK you in?
This post needs its own thread on the wall of shame. Get on youtube and learn how to strip them. Takes 10 minutes and get 5x that easy.
Personally I don't buy into the whole global warming thing. Do I recover every time? You betchya. I'm an in house guy and R22 comes straight out of the same fund I use to buy tools. I can buy it from...
Looked at the ratcheting tube bender the other day. Nice looking, metal parts instead of plastic like the yellow jacket. No reverse bending adapter available, will stick with the YJ.
Or my favorite
"Works great, just needs freon. $500"
Yeah, works great. No problem. Running out is normal.
I don't get the joke??
Pulled gauges off my own system the other day and the schraeder stuck open. :censored:
14 SEER 5 ton, holds almost 20# of R-22. Grabbed the closest tool and started banging the port. Got it to...
Blank or with gauges?
What's that lift you're using? I use a sheetrock jack from time to time and as you can guess it sucks.
When you say "ohms out good" does that mean your resistances of your windings add up properly, or that it's got continuity of some sort, or that it's not shorted to ground?
SIDE job? More like end job!
LOL it's obviously upside down. Sitting up like that without a cap on it and it's gonna get stuff in it!
I was thinking about this same thing this morning tightening down a blade on a Trane. Someone has said "when I have to start checking fan bolts on X brand, thats when I quit selling it" LOL
What straight little boy wants to be in a tent with a gay little boy? Awkward!
When I was in scouts I don't even think I was old enough to be interested EITHER sex. How old are scouts that they...
As someone who has looked at the wrong side of the sticker and sent 460 to a motor tapped for 230 I can tell you that you will know real fast if it's wired for low voltage on high voltage!!!
Yeah, just old habit carried over from the cutting torch. I still like a rosebud on smaller pipe though.
Cool, I'm gonna lower my oxygen pressure.
I use a #15 rosebud with 5PSI acetylene and 40PSI oxygen. Tanks last long enough, although the company buys the tips and the gas! :P
I had a Rheem rub through the line once like that. Made a "grand canyon size" hole. Got bugs in it and plugged up!
That's why the answer is no. :) There is no T/P chart for some random blend of refrigerants.
Ask the boss if he wants it fast or if he wants it good.
Touch the condensing unit with the back of your hand first. Same with electrical panels.
Yeah, let it drip inside. Great. What do they think happens when it rains or when a tech has to go to the bathroom? The roof is gonna get wet.
Maybe it was serving a stinky restroom? LOL
Let's see.... American Radionics or the brand that is too ashamed to even print made in china on the box.....
Turbo gets the job every time I need one in a pinch. Even have the big series for...
Always have a steady stream of carbon monoxide flowing, especially in tight spaces.
Don't have anything home with me but I can get literature from our shop or I can have our Lennox rep email it. What are you trying to do?
The ones I have worked on operate the compressor contactor on a low pressure switch and the thermostat for each plate operates their respective solenoid. When any solenoid is open, of course the...
Might also want to check the airflow/charge after you get new filters.
I've put in Goodman, I've put in Mitsu. Mitsu gets my vote.
Goodman mini-splits will soon be a thing of the past since they were bought out by Daikin (says the local Goodman supply house).
Had the UEI. Now have the 510. Get the 510.
Make sure the service valves actually seal before you cut open the lineset...
I usually combine all our R22 tanks to as few as possible (less handling fee for reclamation) using push pull. Once I've got all the liquid out, close the valve and on the shelf it goes for the next...
Sometimes the truth hurts LOL
Probably not good that there is a circuit to ground.... BUT make sure you are measuring from the terminals on the compressor with no wiring connected, not on the wiring going to the compressor. I've...
I haven't done one of these yet. Isn't the HTM for ceiling based on the square footage of the ceiling? It seems like all you would have to do it take the measurement of the room then add the...
Of course it's a bad idea.... we'd all rather charge in design condition weather. When it's cold, the wind is whipping around the corner of the building, and you've go to have cooling from a resi...
By "cheap" I meant in the 700 range. There is a pass/fail for R22 only. Cheap compared to the full blown analyzer.
There are people even on this forum that mix refrigerants because they know when...
Yep. Set your regulator on 40(ish) PSI then just barely float that ball on the flowmeter. Remember, you want flow, not pressure!! Once you've got it on, stick your finger over the "outlet" service...
Getting ready to fire up the smoker for some ribs here today. 3-2-1 method!
Really all you would need is the "cheap" R-22 analyzer that just gives the purity of R22, anything not pure enough to reclaim can just go in a one-shot cylinder and let the guys at United figure it...
We're going to have a huge mess before too long. Can you imagine all the different blends, including hydrocarbon, that we will be running across in the not too distant future? I don't think...
If you have some type of furnace you should be able to get a heat load indoors. :grin2:
I had had success wrapping condensing units with the wrap you would use for a pallet shipment, and getting...
I was just teasing, Joe :D
That's what I got too. If someone has never used one they'd be surprised how little flow you can get that you just can't do with a regulator or manifold.
You should ALWAYS recover the refrigerant and start fresh, don't ever mix gasses!
Shredders always leave debris in the pipe


text:
Arrested — Booking Photos from the Washington County Detention Center.
Booking photos and accompanying information are public records and made available by the Washington County Detention Center. They represent arrests only, not a determination of
Photos from Danville's 6-3 win over Johnson City on Monday night at TVA Credit Union Ballpark.
Photos from Sunday's game between the Cardinals and Twins, which Elizabethton won 5-4.
Photos from the Twins' 12-8 victory over the Cardinals on Friday night at Joe O'Brien Field in Elizabethton.
Photos from Thursday's Appalachian League game between the Elizabethton Twins and the Kingsport Mets. The Twins won 17-3.
Photos from Kingsport's 6-5 win over the Twins on Wednesday night at Joe O'Brien Field in Elizabethton.


text:
for a sustainable future
Learn More »
Environmental Ed Internship with the EPA
Welcome Rick Keil, new director of the Program on the Environment
Cleaning up WA through waste education and outreach
Sunday, Aug 7, 2016
Just Sustainability: Hope for the Commons
Environmental Studies student Leah Litwak cares about increasing access to healthy food for all. Read about her efforts to facilitate use of food assistance programs at farmers markets.
Bachelor of Arts in Environmental Studies
Environmental Studies students follow their passion to make a difference. They tackle complex environmental problems and contribute to solutions. Join our community of change agents today.
The Environmental Studies minor broadens students' understanding of scientific, political, cultural and ethical dimensions of environmental issues and complements their major.
The one-year graduate certificate integrates science, business and policy, allowing students to assess environmental challenges in a collaborative team setting for partner organizations.


text:
Changes to the elevational limits and extent of species ranges associated with climate change
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
The first expected symptoms of a climate change-generated biodiversity crisis are range contractions and extinctions at lower elevational and latitudinal limits to species distributions. However, whilst range expansions at high elevations and latitudes have been widely documented, there has been surprisingly little evidence for contractions at warm margins. We show that lower elevational limits for 16 butterfly species in central Spain have risen on average by 212 m (± SE 60) in 30 years, accompanying a 1.3 °C rise (equivalent to c. 225 m) in mean annual temperature. These elevational shifts signify an average reduction in habitable area by one-third, with losses of 50–80% projected for the coming century, given maintenance of the species thermal associations. The results suggest that many species have already suffered climate-mediated habitat losses that may threaten their long-term chances of survival.
If you can't find a tool you're looking for, please click the link at the top of the page to "Go to old article view". Alternatively, view our Knowledge Base articles for additional help. Your feedback is important to us, so please let us know if you have comments or ideas for improvement.


text:
Banks Must Hold Capital for Sovereign Risk, EU Lawmaker Says
Banks should be forced to hold reserves to guard against possible losses on sovereign debt, according to a lawmaker overseeing Europe's implementation of Basel capital rules.
The region's fiscal crisis, which has involved bailouts of Greece, Portugal and Ireland has shown that a zero capital requirement for sovereign debt "no longer corresponds with economic reality," said Othmar Karas, an Austrian member of the European Parliament, in a draft report published on the EU assembly's website.
His demand echoes international calls to toughen rules that allow lenders to apply zero risk-weightings to government bonds issued in a bank's home currency when calculating capital ratios. Lenders don't need to hold any capital against possible losses on the securities, even after the cost of insuring government bonds against default rose to a record last year.
The European approach "is not in line with the spirit" of global measures endorsed by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, Herve Hannoun, deputy general manager of the Bank for International Settlements, said in October. The U.S. "situation regarding the treatment of sovereign risk is also unsatisfactory," he said. The BIS is the Basel committee's parent institution.
Banker-Pay Curbs
Karas is in charge of drafting the parliament's opinion on last year's proposals by the European Commission to implement the Basel capital and liquidity measures in the EU. The lawmaker's office in Brussels didn't respond to a call seeking comment on the plan.
The EU should also consider an "absolute cap" on the difference between top salaries and average pay at lenders, Karas said. Bank pay policies must be "aligned with the long term interest of an institution."
The EU set rules on banker pay as part of a previous overhaul of the region's capital rules that was adopted in 2010.
The commission, the EU's executive arm, didn't propose to scrap the zero risk weighting for government bonds.
The regulator should set out options for scrapping the zero weighting "as soon as possible, while taking into account potentially destabilizing effects" of making such proposals "during periods of market stress," Karas said in his report.
The parliament and the region's governments must agree on the final shape of the law to implement Basel rules in the EU before it can take effect.


text:
Multiple Sclerosis Health Center
News and Features Related to Multiple Sclerosis
2 New Drugs May Fight Multiple Sclerosis
April 30, 2009 (Seattle) -- Two new oral drugs cut by about half the relapse rate in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). If approved by the FDA, the drugs -- cladribine and fingolimod -- would become the first treatments for MS that don't involve regular injections or infusions. In one study, aboutRead Full Article
High Doses of Vitamin D Cut MS Relapses
April 28, 2009 (Seattle) -- High doses of vitamin D dramatically cut the relapse rate in people with multiple sclerosis, a study shows. Sixteen percent of 25 people with multiple sclerosis (MS) given an average of 14,000 international units (IU) of vitamin D a day for a year suffered relapses, saysRead Full Article
Experimental MS Drug May Aid Walking
Feb. 26, 2009 -- An experimental drug called fampridine may improve walking in some people with multiple sclerosis. Researchers report that news in the Feb. 28 edition of The Lancet. They studied 301 U.S. and Canadian adults with multiple sclerosis (MS). At the study's start, the patients were timedRead Full Article
Smoking at Young Age May Raise MS Risk
Feb. 20, 2009 -- Youngsters who start smoking before age 17 may be putting themselves at increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis, a new study suggests. Researchers studied 87 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who were among more than 30,000 people who took part in the 2002 National HealtRead Full Article
Vitamin D May Cut Multiple Sclerosis Risk
Feb. 6, 2009 -- Getting enough vitamin D early in life may cut the odds of developing multiple sclerosis, researchers report. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is more common in parts of the world far from the equator, where the sun wanes during winter. During that seasonal sunshine shortfall, it's harder forRead Full Article
Experimental Pill May Treat MS
Oct. 23, 2008 -- An experimental pill may help curb brain lesions in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), which is the most common form of MS. That finding comes from a new study, published in the Oct. 25 edition of The Lancet. The pill, which contains a chemical called fumaratRead Full Article
Guarded Optimism for Experimental MS Drug
Oct. 22, 2008 -- An experimental multiple sclerosis drug proved to be much more effective for the treatment of early MS than a widely used treatment in a study, but the efficacy came at a price. Patients with early relapsing-remitting MS treated with the drug alemtuzumab had far fewer relapses and eRead Full Article
MS Drug Tysabri Tied to Brain Infection
Aug. 1, 2008 -- Two multiple sclerosis patients in Europe have come down with a rare, serious brain infection called PML (progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy). The patients, who are in stable condition, are the first confirmed cases of PML in Tysabri users since the drug was reintroduced in tRead Full Article
What to Expect With Primary Progressive MS
For Mimi Mosher, a person with primary progressive MS, clarity first came when she lost her vision. Her eyesight steadily eroded by multiple sclerosis, Mimi now lived in a near-constant dusk. The realization came at a scary time. "I was driving. I thought, I can't do this anymore. I had to pull offRead Full Article
Could Caffeine Stop MS in Its Tracks?
June 30, 2008 -- The caffeine that many of us rely on to get us going in the mornings or perk us up during the day could hold the key to unlocking the mysteries of multiple sclerosis. When consumed in large amounts in a newly reported study, caffeine was found to protect against multiple sclerosis bRead Full Article