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|Yale-New Haven Teachers Institute
Carmen Greenia
There exists in education a crucial socio-cultural and educational imperative in the curriculum and philosophy of our schools which involves contemporary cognizance and knowledge of our neighboring Spanish speaking countries. Classroom teachers and educators need to demonstrate a renewed effort to put the study of other cultures in its proper perspective in classroom instruction. A brief perusal of certain local events and the conclusions of many education reports clearly support the need for the study of foreign languages and cultures.
At the local level, one might consider a major event in the State Department of Education. Currently, the State Department of Education has mandated a re-evaluation of the educational system. In its recommendation for a high school diploma, it has reinstated the traditional package of four credits of English, three credits of Mathematics, three credits of Social Studies and others. It did not mention a foreign language requirement or cultural studies even though many colleges and universities have reinstituted their foreign language requirements.
Secondly, various statistics and major reports on education in the United States strongly recommended the study of foreign languages and cultural studies for many reasons. The following statistics summarized by the Connecticut Council of Language Teachers clearly advocate the study of foreign languages and cultural studies: one out of every six manufacturing jobs is directly related to export. Between 1977 and 1980, four out of every five jobs created in manufacturing were export related. More than a third of all corporate profits derive from foreign investment and trade. More than twenty percent of American industrial output is exported. Two fifths of our farmland produces for export. Despite this involvement with foreign trade and investment, only one out of twenty public high school students studies French, German or Russian beyond the first or second year. The United States is probably the only country in the world where a student can graduate from college having had less than a year of a foreign language.
The National Commission on Excellence in Education in its highly publicized and controversial report supported the study of foreign languages and cultural studies. It recommended that college bound high school students should study two years of a foreign language as a minimum. Furthermore, it said that since proficiency in a foreign language usually requires four to six years of study and immersion, instruction should commence at the elementary level. Studies also indicate that reading skills and comprehension are improved through second language study. SAT scores, both verbal and math, are higher for those who have studied foreign languages. The Twentieth Century Task Force on Federal Elementary and Secondary Education Policy also recommends that public school students study foreign languages and cultures. Other reports such as those conducted by the National Assessment of Educational Progress also indicate an urgent need for more cultural awareness and knowledge of different peoples and cultures.
Thus, writing a curriculum unit to supplement the existing programs can be justified in many ways and from different points of view. Besides the convincing conclusions of the aforementioned reports, there is preponderant evidence that the study of foreign languages, cultures and geographies enhances and facilitates communication and contacts between different individuals and groups. The multi-ethnic population of our schools necessitates more attention and study in languages and culture. A unit such as the one suggested here is a rather minute step in the achievement of an ongoing general goal of communicating and understanding of other people. It is the contention here that through the study of different manifestations of any given culture, one can gain insight into the collective mind of a people.
Folklore by its very nature is an important expression of a people which if studied can shed light on the traditions, beliefs, superstitions, poetry and history of a given culture. This unit presents a general overview of folklore, including its genesis and categories. First, it examines folklore in its historical perspective and as a preponderant occurrence of a people as well as a cogent pronouncement of its present. Secondly, it concentrates on the folklore of Panama and other Hispanic countries in as far as history and folktales might be interrelated. The history and folklore of Panama like that of other countries represent a wealth of material that can be attractive and interesting to students.
More specifically, the objectives of this unit are to introduce students to vocabulary of folklore in Spanish and English, to have students learn the history of Panama, to increase the students' writing and reading ability, to help students become conversant about the folklore topic, to have students improve their grammar and writing skills by converting a folktale to a mini drama, and finally, students utilize the information learned in a productive and comical way, by creating their own folktale, legend or proverb. Needless to say, none of these objectives can be attained in isolation. One goal or objective promotes another. For example, the total culmination of the above objectives can be to have all students involved in presenting a skit for the school assembly or PTA. This unit is a versatile supplement to the middle school curriculum which hopefully can be used even for the students who are so often and arbitrarily scheduled for foreign language classes without orientation or understanding as to why they are placed in these classes, as well as the student who has an "educated" interest in the culture or language and takes the course as an elective.
The first step towards developing the stated goals is to give a brief talk on the history of Panama and then supplement this by showing the filmstrip "Panama" available from the audio visual department of the central office or Sheridan Middle School. The teacher can use the following introduction to elicit attention and interest.
The name Panama was possibly derived from an Indian term meaning "man fish". It could have also come from the word "panaba" or "far away", the frequent reply the Indians gave explorers who demanded the location of the nearest gold mines. Pedrarias the "cruel" expanded his endeavors by founding the city of Panama in 1519. For a while Panama City flourished. By 1572, however, other adventurers like the pirates Francis Drake and Henry Drake, transformed Panama into an arena for a struggle to death between the established empire of Spain and the young aspiring English Empire. The Spanish eventually moved to the area that is the present city of Panama (founded in 1673). After 1739, Spain destroyed Panama's autonomy by attaching it to the Viceroyalty of New Granada (now Colombia). Panama, henceforth, began a century and a half long struggle to regain its independence from its aggressors.
In 1821, after much agony and defeat, Panama was successful in declaring independence from Spain and then became affiliated with Simon Bolivar's Gran Colombia. The Panamanian economy was on a continuous decline until the 1880's when interest in transportation across the Isthmus developed. Ferdinand de Lesseps, builder of the Suez Canal, began excavating the Canal, but later sold the rights to the United States. At the time, Theodore Roosevelt was a supporter of the Panamanian Independence Movement in his drive to obtain a favorable treaty for the canal construction. Eventually, Panama revolted and got independence from Colombia in November, 1903.
Subsequently, the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty was signed giving perpetual control of the Panama Canal Zone to the United States. This issue of control over the Panama Canal Zone has been the dominant desideratum in Panamanian history for a long time. In 1978 President Carter signed a treaty with General Torrijos stipulating complete transfer of the Canal to Panama by December, 1999. According to some experts in Central American history, relations between Panama and the United States have improved as a result of the treaty which gives Panama complete control over the Canal in the future.
The genesis of folklore as a taxonomic study of various aspects of society is a recent phenomenon despite the fact that its subject is perhaps as old as the human race. One might even venture to say that folklore came before the more enlightened disciplines of history, science, art, medicine and others, since these in a broad sense are interrelated. Historically, a definitive interest in the study of folklore seemed to come about in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries with the western world's focus on reconstructing society around principles of popular sovereignty and democratic organization. With the gradual decline of dynastic rulers and emphasis on the will of the masses, the concept began to take on new dimensions and ideas. New interest in the progress of human culture as reflected in the people's way of life took roots as classical-humanistic ideals gave way to the rise of romanticism. One recalls Rousseau's essays on the natural man unspoiled by civilization and how he expounded on intrinsic individual worth. As early as 1517, Hernando del Castillo wrote down popular verses found in the oral tradition of his people; Charles Perrault wrote his famous Contes de Ma Mere L'oye (Tales of Mother Goose) that were made available in many different languages.
It was not until 1878 that systematic folklore studies were introduced by the London Folklore Society, even though previously the word "folk-lore" was first used by the British archaeologist William J. Thomas in a letter published by the London Journal Athenaeum in 1846. The term was subsequently adopted by the London Folklore Society and later incorporated into different languages: (French (traditionnisme), Spanish (saber popular), Italian (demologia or demopsicologia), Danish (folkemunde), and German (volkskunde). Eventually, it was linked with "primitive cultures," traditions, customs and beliefs of peasants, fishermen and villages.
Folklore is often defined as the study of the lore of the "uneducated masses", a definition which does not do justice to its nature and complexity. Regardless of its definition, folklore is an important complement to all cultural science. Through folklore, one can gain insight into the collective mind of a people at a given place and time; close scrutiny of a legend can help understand migrations of people as well as early contacts between different nations. Many folklore ballads contain references to unrecorded historical facts. Alexander Krappe, among other folklorists, maintains that the scope of folklore is to reconstruct the spiritual history of man as exemplified in the more or less inarticulate voices of the folk.
Folklore is manifested in different forms and draws on documents which are partly historical, from chronicles, old law codes, proverbs and is expressed in as many different forms as life itself. Regardless of its traces or origins, it becomes the collective expression of its people. Some of the more popular categories of folklore suggested by various folklorists are popular beliefs and traditional customs, literature of oral tradition and folk arts (these include proverbs, riddles, folk poetry, folk music, folk dance and others). These different forms are manifested in a variety of expressions depending on the language. Many legends reflect the history of a given country. Others, like proverbs, reflect the mores of a national group and at the same time also convey universally accepted precepts that are found in similar or even identical wording in different cultures and languages.
As previously alluded to, one of the objectives is to make students aware of and appreciate the various aspects of folklore, among these being that history is often reflected in the lore of a country. To accomplish this, La Isla del Encanto, a famous Panamanian legend, will be translated, paraphrased and analyzed. It will then be staged as a mini-drama for the school or PTA.
One of the most distinctive features of folklore is that a given theme or story may be found in different countries. Students will understand this feature through reading and comparing the Panamania version of Cinderella (Maria la Cenicienta) which is found in other cultures with variations. Students are encouraged to write their version of this story as well as given opportunities for paraphrasing.
One of the ultimate goals is to enhance and further develop the students' ability and skill to express themselves in verbal and oral forms. For this dual purpose speech improvisations in verse from folklore poetry is read, interpreted and acted out. For example, the popular Tingalayo, which has counterparts in Panama and in the Caribbean, will be studied. Another strategy that is used for an overall attainment of objectives is to invite native Panamanians in the community to visit our foreign language classes during "foreign language week" and encourage them to tell the students "living" versions of folktales. After listening to these folktales students attempt to reconstruct them by writing the stories they heard, and perhaps adding their own creative endings. Students can compare what they write with other tales they know or have heard at the same time have an extra opportunity to develop listening and writing skills (This is also a city-wide objective of the New Haven Public Schools).
- 1. State at least five important facts about the history of Panama.
- 2. Identify geographical facts about Panama on a map of Central America, including the capital, area of political conflict, important rivers cities, mountains, and water boundaries.
- 3. Read, write, and pronounce the Spanish names of the rivers, capital and mountain ranges of Panama.
- 4. State the main natural resources and monetary currency of Panama.
- 5. Compare Panama with the U.S.A. and other countries of Central America.
- 6. Write a short but well organized paragraph on the history of Panama with acceptable grammar and style.
- 7. Draw a map of Panama.
The teacher begins with probing and warm-up questions such as Where is Panama located? Why study this country? It is surprising to find that not many students know the location and importance of countries like Panama.
- 1. Globe or Wall Map
- 2. Filmstrip with cassette "Panama" available from Audio Visual Department or University of Bridgeport library on free of-charge loan.
- 3. Crayons
- 4. Outline map of Panama
- 5. Mimeographed information fact sheet on Panama
- 6. Overhead projector
- 7. Drawing paper
After viewing and listening to the presentation, the teacher randomly calls on various students to paraphrase the material. Many students lack the ability to summarize what they hear. Students complete question SHEET #1. Again, depending on various factors, the first encounter with this unit takes at least one class period, which culminates with the homework assignment, depending on what the teacher wishes to assign.
An integral part of each section of this unit is keeping class minutes. The teacher assigns the task to a different student each day. These assignments can be given at the beginning of each week. There are many benefits that can be derived from keeping class minutes. It affords the student an extra opportunity to practice listening and notetaking, as well as being able to select important information and read aloud in front of a group. Students can have a quick review of missed material, they might recognize the importance of contributing to group effort, and perhaps a wandering mind will be brought back to class. The instructor can use class notes as an aid to self-evaluation by asking questions such as was the lesson well structure? Were important points omitted? Do my classroom management strategies need change? Did the students assimilate the material? Were important issues raised?
Before giving students their class minutes assignment, the instructor explicates the mechanical aspects of the procedure. This procedure varies according to teacher's style, but might include the following. The format must be clear to the student, including the name of the student and teacher, date and subject. The teacher gives carbon paper to the student so that a copy of the minutes is available for reference and editing. Notes are taken by assigned student at beginning of the class, a copy is given to the instructor at the end of the class, then the student; takes home the other copy for editing. The next class day the same student reads the minutes which are edited and corrected by teacher and students. The next student assigned for this class session now takes minutes and follows same procedure.
After the teacher explains the note keeping procedures she continues with the following activities.
- 1. Gives a brief recapitulation of previous class.
- 2. Discusses the geography of Panama and shows geographical data on the globe, wall map or with overhead projector
- 3. After discussion students are assigned the task of completing a map of Panama which has to be completed in class. Teacher walks around room checking and assisting.
- 4. Gives a mini talk on keeping classnotes and if necessary, the teacher also gives an entire class a practice session on keeping notes or minutes on a particular class following the guidelines previously suggested.
- 5. Homework assignment: write ten short sentences on the geography of Panama.
The teacher checks homework assignments and proceeds as follows:
- 1. Warmup: previously designated student reads class minutes (of previous class). This takes less than three minutes. Minutes are edited by teacher and students with deletions and additions.
- 2. The second main topic of this unit is introduced. The teacher proceeds with the following presentation and keeps these objectives in mind:
- a. students will attain a general understanding of "folklore" and be able to state general genres and one example of folktales, proverbs and folk art they are acquainted with.
- b. students will listen to the translated version of Seis Choreao and Cielito Lindo and write a short paragraph comparing both folksongs after having heard a class discussion presented by the teacher. (These two songs are available from the Connecticut Migratory Children's Program at Hamden-New Haven Cooperative Educational Center upon request, free of charge).
- c. Students will be able to use, spell and define the folklore vocabulary listed in the Worksheet Vocabulary list for Folklore.
- d. Students improve their oral reading ability.
- e. Students will improve their note taking skills, their ability to paraphrase a given text and develop the skill of writing well organized and guided short paragraphs.
- f. Students will understand and appreciate the possible relationship between the folklore and history of a given country.
- 3. The teacher presents the narrative section on the subject of folklore after probing and eliciting responses from students to questions like What is folklore? Do you know any folktales? proverbs old sayings?
- 4. After presenting narrative material on the topic of folklore, students and teacher discuss questions on worksheet #4.
- 5. Homework assignment: write out answers to questions on worksheet # 4.
The teacher continues to develop the students understanding and appreciation of folklore material with the following activities:
- 1. Previous class meetings are read and edited.
- 2. Teacher prepares the students for the reading of Maria la Cenicienta (the Spanish version of Cinderella found in Panama and other Spanish speaking countries) by having one student tell the class the English version of Cinderella. The class also discusses the concept of "fairytales" and folktales.
- 3. Students read Maria la Cenicienta as directed by the individual style of the teacher. This story is on worksheet #5.
- 4. After reading and discussing Maria la Cenicienta students work on questions on the story.
- 5. Homework assignment: write out questions and answers on Maria la Cenicienta.
- 6. Next class session begins with reading of class minutes, followed by correcting and editing. Homework is reviewed and corrected.
- 7. The rest of this section is used to help the students write a short play based on Maria la Cenicienta. It has been found that many students enjoy creating their own playlets and dialogues. The teacher can assist by introducing the students to techniques like diversified copying, and by enlisting the assistance of the Drama department of the particular school. The language teacher and English or Drama teacher can work together in a team teaching situation and help the class prepare a drama for the school assembly or PTA.
In this section the teacher emphasizes that many aspects of history are sometimes reflected in the folklore of a given country.
There are a variety of activities that can be used to further enhance the students' appreciation and knowledge of folklore that will at the same time heighten his cultural awareness and improve reading, writing and listening skills. In the area of proverbs, aphorisms and old sayings, the teacher can ask the students to write down as many completions as they can to common proverbs such as: it never rains but _____; where there is a will, there _____; a stitch in time _____ and so on. There are a variety of exercises and activities that can be used besides these:
- 1. Minutes of the previous class we read by the designated student. Minutes are edited and corrected by teacher and students.
- 2. The teacher gives each student a copy of La Isla del Encanto. She assigns short passages to various students who read aloud. After reading and discussion, the students answer comprehension questions.
- 3. Homework assignment: write a two paragraph summary of La Isla del Encanto. If time permits students may write a short play based on La Isla del Encanto. The teacher can find excellent techniques in Viola Spolin's Improvisations for the Theatre.
- 1. Compare proverbs in Spanish and English. For example "a bird in one hand is worth two in the bush" is comparable to "más vale pájaro en mano que cien volando." Students can be asked to give literal and personal interpretations, which may include "a bird in the hand is worth more than a hundred flying" or the saying "Don't count the chickens before they are hatched." Excellent examples of proverbs from Mexico, Panama and other countries are found in Frances Toor's A Treasury of Mexican Folkways.
- 2. Students can be encouraged to interview their teachers, principal and relatives for proverbs and old sayings. They write the proverbs from the adults' dictation. These dictations are a valuable listening and writing exercise when edited and viewed by the instructor.
- 3. The teacher writes two proverbs on the board, a student acts out one of them in front of the class, and the rest of the students must guess which one is being acted.
- 4. A technique which has been used by many teachers is interpretation of different situations with a drum. The teacher can write two proverbs on the board and a student interprets one of these. The class guesses which one is being interpreted they may listen for the number of beats in given groupings of "drummings", especially if the student is attempting to catch the spirit of the proverb by tapping out the number of syllables of the word.
One practical and comical final activity is to present the various versions of Tingalay or Tingalayo which is a popular verse improvisation found in Central America and the Caribbean. The teacher initiates discussion by asking if the students have heard Harry Belfonte sing. Then the teacher plays or mentions "Matilda" or "Stop the Carnival", which are very popular. The English and Spanish versions of Tingalayo are written on the blackboard. Students compare both and eventually memorize the Spanish version because it has few words to learn:
|Come, little donkey, come;
|Come, little donkey, come.
____My donkey eat, my donkey sleep,
____My donkey kick with his two hind feet.
____My donkey walk, my donkey talk,
____My donkey eat with a knife and fork
____My donkey sing, my donkey hum,
____My donkey play on his little round drum
|Ven, mi burrito, ven.
|Ven mi burrito, ven.
|Burrito si, burrito no
|Burrito come con tenedor
Maria la Cenicienta Mary Cinderella
Once upon a time there was a widower who had a daughter named Maria. Every morning the girl used to go to her next door neighbor for embers with which to start her fire. The neighbor, a widow, would give her morsels of bread dipped in honey, saying: "Tell your father to marry me and you will have honey-dipped bread the rest of your life." The girl would go back to her father and say to him: "Father, you should marry our neighbor; she is very kind and always gives me bread dipped in honey."
Her father would reply: "No, Maria. Now she dips it in honey, but later she would dip it in gall."
"I don't believe it father," the girl would insist. "Our neighbor is so very kind."
At last her father agreed to marry the woman, but he warned Maria not to complain if her stepmother should prove to be wicked.
The neighbor had a daughter of her own, whose name was Sofia. She was Maria's age. No sooner did the marriage take place than the woman began to beat and maltreat Maria, who was so much prettier than Sofia; she nicknamed her la Cenicienta, Cinderella, and put her to work in the kitchen dressed in old rags.
Maria Cenicienta owned a heifer calf with which she loved to play every free moment of the day. The envious woman persuaded her husband to buy a calf for her own daughter to play with, and eventually she demanded that he should have Maria's calf slaughtered because la Cenicienta wasted too much time playing with it. The father gave in.
When Maria heard about the killing, she burst into tears and ran to the calf. While she petted it and fondled it, the calf said to her: "Do not cry, Maria; next to my heart you will find a small magic wand which has the power to make all your wishes come true; the moment I am killed, you ask to wash my insides in the brook. Take the wand and keep it securely attached to your waist. No one should see it."
The following day the calf was slaughtered and Maria went to the brook to wash the insides. Sure enough, she found the magic wand and hid it in her sash. When she had finished rinsing the insides and had placed them in her wash basin, they slipped and drifted down the stream.
Terrified at the thought of punishment that awaited her at the hand of her stepmother, she began to cry.
"Why are you crying, Maria," said a kind voice in back of her. The girl turned about and saw a little old lady dressed in blue. "Why should I not cry, my good lady?" answered Maria. "My wash basin and the insides of a calf I just finished washing drifted down the stream; when my stepmother sees me come home without them, she is going to beat me to death."
"Do not cry," said the little old lady, "go to that cottage by the brook, lie down and sleep a while; in the meantime I shall look for what you have lost."
Maria went to the cottage; she swept it, made a fire and prepared supper for the little old lady and then she lay down and fell asleep. After some time there was a knocking at the door. She got up and went to open it: the washbasin and the insides were on the doorstep. She picked them up and went home.
"What took you so long?" asked the stepmother. Maria told her just what happened.
"What is that on your forehead?" asked the stepmother.
"I don't know," said Maria.
A mirror was brought to her and in it she saw a star shining on her forehead. The stepmother tried to rub it out, but the harder she rubbed the more the star would sparkle. Finally, she bandaged the girl's head with an old rag so that no one should see the shining star which made Cinderella stand out even more brightly next to her step-sister.
Sofia then said to her mother: "Mother, I want to have my calf killed and I will do just as Cinderella did so that I, too, will have a star on my forehead."
The woman had Sofia's calf killed; the girl went to the brook, began to wash the calf's insides, sent the washbasin down the stream, and then she pretended to cry. Immediately the little old woman in blue appeared and said: "Why are you crying little girl?" "Should I not cry when my washbasin went down the stream?" said Sofia. "Go and take in nap in that cottage by the brook," said the old lady, "and when you wake up you will find your washbasin."
The girl went to the cottage and said to herself, peevishly: "I can't sleep in this hard bed in this dirty house." She sat on a chair and waited. After some time, she went to the door and finding her washbasin there, she took it and went home. When the mother say her, she said: "What is that on your forehead Sofia?" A mirror was brought and the girl saw the crest of a turkey in the middle of her forehead. The mother tried to remove it but the harder she pulled, the larger and uglier the crest would grown. Finally, she bandaged her daughter's head in a silk kerchief.
One day there was to be a ball at the palace and Maria Cinderella, who wanted to go, took out her magic wand and wished for fine clothes, carriages, and servants, so that she might appear in grand style. Instantly her wish was granted and with those fine clothes she appeared prettier. When everyone in the house was fast asleep, she stepped into her carriage and soon arrived at the palace. The ballroom became suffused with the light of the star on Maria's forehead and the prince was so taken with her that all night long he danced with no one but her. When the time came for Maria to leave, she fled from the ballroom and ran to her carriage. The prince tried to follow her, but she was so quick that he could not catch up with her and was left holding one of the girl's glass slippers which she had lost in her flight.
The next morning the prince gave orders to all servants to search the city for the girl who had worn the glass slipper, announcing that he wanted her, and no one else for his wife. The servants went from house to house, but the slipper would fit no one.
When Cinderella's stepmother heard that the prince's servants were to stop at her house, she told her daughter to bandage her feet tightly so that slipper would fit her and that the prince would marry her. Fearing that they might see Maria with the star on her forehead, she hid her under the kneading trough.
Sofia had a little dog and when the prince's servants arrived and were trying the slipper on the girl's foot, the dog began calling out; "Bow-wow-wow! A turkey crest upon the bench; a star beneath the kneading trough!" And as the dog kept repeating the same thing over and over again, one of the servants became suspicious. The servant tried the glass slipper on Cinderella, after he found her. Then Cinderella took out of pocket the other slipper and put it on her other foot; and everyone knew that she was the one who had danced with the prince the night before. Cinderella was taken to the prince who recognized her immediately. What happened next? Guess? You are right! A royal wedding took place and the prince and Cinderella lived happily ever after.
- 1. Compare the "negative" character in the English version with the "negative" character(s) in Maria la Cenicienta.
- 2. Do you think both folktales come from the same source?
- 3. Is there a "moral" to be learned from la Cenicienta?
- 4. Create another ending for Maria la Cenicienta.
- 5. Are their any allegories in this folktale? If so, what do they represent?
La Isla del Encanto is the name of a small island situated at the mouth of the Tuira River. It is very verdant and full of rich vegetation which has stimulated the imagination of the Darienitas or inhabitants of Panama.
During the colonial period, the Spaniards constructed on the island a solid castle to defend the entry from the pirates such as Sir Francis Drake. There are still remnants of the strong walls which have the inscription: "If you enter Darien (Panama) commend yourself to Maria (the Virgin) for in your hands is the entry and in God's hand your exit." This disturbing warning gives the idea of how dangerous the navigation was in these places, infested with sanguin pirates.
Many inhabitants of La Palma, a village on the Tuira River, say that in the months of April and May, they hear a majestic orchestra when approaching the Isla del Encanto. Some have heard the music in the morning, others at night. Different kinds of music are heard: sometimes the melodies of a religious hymn emanating from an enormous organ or the sweet notes of a flute like that of Pan, other times the wailing notes of a violin, the symmetry of a piano or the harmony of delicate. No one has been able to pin the source of the music because it constantly changes its direction: sometimes it comes from the sky or is floating with the wind. It is most moving when it seems to be burgeoning from the waters. When this happens the rowers strike the canoes and whey they make the surface of the waters vibrate, the music acquires higher tonalities. The symphony that seemed to come from a distance before, then surrounds the traveler and inundates the whole region with its new notes. Why the music and from where?
According to the leyenda La Isla del Encanto was colonized by the Spaniards. In Panamania history there is also an account of a combat between a troop of marine guards and the English pirate who tried to capture the Island of Enchantment. The pirate and his beautiful were imprisoned. The pirate was condemned to death but his daughter was given perpetual imprisonment. Her beauty kindled love in many of the military officers. The military chief, afraid that the others would win her heart first, had the pirate's daughter locked in the castle on the island. He and other admirers sent her many gifts among them musical instruments. He visited her most frequently and demanded her love. As time went the captive daughter perfectionized her music and artistic abilities.
Before her imprisonment she had dedicated much of her life to art and music. She dedicated her time toward the cultivation of art and learned to execute majestic music until she became an exquisite artist. The travelers and fishermen in the proximity of the river would detain themselves to listen to the suave music that emanated from the castle.
The military chief did not cease to importune his beautiful captive with amorous advances. She continued to exhibit dignity and valor before her impassioned pretendiente (lover) whom she viewed as the oppressor and accomplice in the murder of her father. The chief, who was unaccustomed to military defeats and much less amorous ones, gave up the wooing and moral fortitude, and tried to rape her.
The daughter of Albion (the pirate in history also) fought with incredible vigor until she jumped out of the windows of the castle and threw herself into the river.
Thus, according to legend and the inhabitants of the island, the music heard is the grandiose soul of the artist that floats in the environment of the waters. The music dilutes the sadness but sings the epic poem of arrogance (the military officer) and virtue (the daughter). The enchantment is the mysterious music that cannot be accounted for and which brings to mind the similar phenomenon that can be found in other areas like the grotto of Fingal, on the Island of Staffa, on the coast of Scotland, according to Vicente Vera in his book Amenidades Cientificas.
History and geography of Panama.
- 1 Where is Panama located?
- 2 What are its geographic boundaries?
- 3. What is the capital of Panama?
- 4. Two important cities are _____ and _____.
- 5. In 1907 Panama got its _____ from _____.
- 6. What are Panama's Natural Resources?
- 7. What are the possible origins of "Panama"?
- 8. Panama's monetary currency is _____.
- 9. Identify:
Isthmus Hispaniola Ferdinand de Lesseps Viceroyalty Autonomy Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty
|folk art
|folk music
- 1. Who were the Darienitas?
- 2. What happens in the months of April and May?
- 3. Where does the music come from?
- 4. Describe the music that is heard.
- 5. According to popular legend, how did the music business begin? Who are the characters involved?
- 6. What does the music represent?
- 7. How does the Island of Enchantment relate to history of Panama?
- 8. Write your version of Isla del Encanto with a different ending.
Belpre, Pura. Once in Puerto Rico. New York: Warne and Co., 1973. A collection of Puerto Rican folktales...in English.
Kitzhaber, Albert R. Myths, Fables and Folktales. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc., 1974. A good collection of international folklore with questions and exercises and activities after each selection in English
Paredes, Americo. Folktales of Mexico. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970. Shows how various folklore forms reflect the history of Mexico and other countries.
Soule, Robert, Folklore of Other Lands, New York: Vanni, 1944. A good collection for students of all levels.
Contramaestre, Carlos. La Mudanza del Encanto. Caracas, Venezuela: Italgrafica, 1979. An anthology of Latinamerican folklore, including legends and stories written in Spanish.
Garay, Narciso. Tradiciones y Cantares de Panamá, Panamá. Legation of Panama, Washington. Given to Yale University, 1933. A compilation of Panamanian folklore.
Granger, Byrd Howell. Culture, Awareness. A manual for Access to information on the Lores of People and Guides for Teaching. Tucson, Arizona: University of Arizona, 1970. Contains an excellent description of readily available materials about lore in many cultures. Includes not only printed material but 35 mm, slides, music archives and overhead projectiles.
Guardia, Roberto. Mitologia Panameńa. Panama: Instituto Nacional de Cultura, 1976. This is an interesting study on the different themes of Panamanisn mythology.
Krohn, Kaarle. Folklore Methodology. Austin, Texas; University of Texas Press, 1971. A rather technical treatise on the various original methods of studying folkloristic material.
La Feber, Walter. The Panama Canal. New York: Oxford Press, 1978. Full length survey of relations between United States and Panama. It spans the relations from the 19th century to 1977: includes history of Panama , how U.S. policies after 1903 shaped the Panama we must deal with.
Picazo, Jose. El Folklore Espańol. London: Hirschfeld Brothers, 1953. Covers subjects as varied as the tertulia, the sereno, Holy Week, folk dances and folk songs that are reflected in some Panamanian folklore.
Rodriguez, Mario. Central America. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1965. A candid history of the forces that shaped Panama and Central America.
Sousa, Elisa M. El Hombre y La Tierra en Panamá. Madrid: MCMLIX. A very dense but interesting study of Panamanian folklore written in Spanish.
Contents of 1984 Volume III | Directory of Volumes | Index | Yale-New Haven Teachers Institute


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The Staten Island Yankees' New York-Penn League contest Tuesday night against Connecticut was postponed due to rain.
The game will be made up as part of doubleheader Wednesday night at 6 at Richmond County Bank Ballpark at St. George.
Staten Island will enter the twinbill with a 27-29 record, while the Tigers have a 31-26 mark.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Results tagged ' Tsuyoshi Nishioka '
DH batting eighth, first baseman batting ninth? (Game 69 vs Padres)
MINNEAPOLIS — It's not every day you see the designated hitter batting eighth and the first baseman batting ninth.
But that's exactly what the Twins are doing against the Padres tonight, as Rene Tosoni is the DH and is batting eighth, and Luke Hughes is at first and batting ninth.
Catcher Joe Mauer and shortstop Tsuyoshi Nishioka remain in the same order as last night, with Mauer batting third and Nishioka hitting seventh.
Padres (30-41)
1. Chris Denorfia, RF
2. Jason Bartlett, SS
3. Chase Headley, 3B
4. Ryan Ludwick, LF
5. Brad Hawpe, DH
6. Anthony Rizzo, 1B
7. Nick Hundley, C
8. Will Venable, CF
9. Alberto Gonzalez, 2B
RHP Tim Stauffer (2-4, 3.28 ERA, 3.11 FIP, 2.96 K/BB)
Twins (29-39)
1. Ben Revere, CF
2. Alexi Casilla, 2B
3. Joe Mauer, C
4. Michael Cuddyer, RF
5. Delmon Young, LF
6. Danny Valencia, 3B
7. Tsuyoshi Nishioka, SS
8. Rene Tosoni, DH
9. Luke Hughes, 1B
RHP Scott Baker (4-4, 3.55 ERA, 3.93 FIP, 3.39 K/BB)
The return of Joe Mauer (Game 68 vs Padres)
MINNEAPOLIS — Joe Mauer is back in the lineup for the first time since April 12, and is batting third against Padres left-hander Clayton Richard.
Mauer, who missed 57 games with bilateral leg weakness, faced the left-hander five times back in 2008 when Richard was with the White Sox, going 2-for-5 with an RBI.
With Mauer returning to action, shortstop Tsuyoshi Nishioka slid down to seventh in the batting order after batting third on Thursday and going 1-for-4 with an infield single.
Friday night's game also marks the first of 15 straight Interleague games for the Twins, who also play the Giants, Brewers and Dodgers in Interleague action.
Padres (30-40)
1. Chris Denorfia, RF
2. Jason Bartlett, SS
3. Chase Headley, 3B
4. Ryan Ludwick, DH
5. Cameron Maybin, CF
6. Jesus Guzman, LF
7. Anthony Rizzo, 1B
8. Nick Hundley, C
9. Alberto Gonzalez, 2B
LHP Clayton Richard (2-8, 4.06 ERA, 4.11 FIP, 1.40 K/BB)
Twins (28-39)
1. Ben Revere, CF
2. Alexi Casilla, 2B
3. Joe Mauer, C
4. Michael Cuddyer, 1B
5. Delmon Young, LF
6. Danny Valencia, 3B
7. Tsuyoshi Nishioka, SS
8. Luke Hughes, DH
9. Jason Repko, RF
LHP Brian Duensing (3-6, 4.98 ERA, 3.74 FIP, 2.00 K/BB)
Nishioka activated from the DL (Game 66 vs White Sox)
MINNEAPOLIS — The Twins activated infielder Tsuyoshi Nishioka from the 60-day disabled list before today's game against the White Sox, but he was held out of the starting lineup with the plan to start him at shortstop tomorrow.
Nishioka missed 59 games with a fractured left fibula suffered on April 7 when Yankees outfielder Nick Swisher slid into him at second base while trying to break up a double play. He replaced first baseman Justin Morneau on the 25-man roster after he was placed on the 15-day DL with a left wrist strain on Tuesday. Left-hander Dusty Hughes was outrighted to Triple-A Rochester roster to make room for Nishioka on the 40-man roster.
"He's active for the game and I can use him, so I told him I might pinch-hit him late in the game or whatever," Twins manager Ron Gardenhire said. "But he'll be in the lineup tomorrow."
As part of his rehab process, Nishioka played in extended Spring Training before playing four games with Single-A Fort Myers and three games with Triple-A Rochester. He batted a combined .333 with a .448 on-base percentage in the Minors, while playing shortstop in all seven games.
But Nishioka, who began the year as the Twins' starting second baseman before his injury, worked out at both second and short during his rehab stint. Gardenhire said he expects him to be the club's starting shortstop moving forward with Alexi Casilla shifting to second base.
"I felt really comfortable playing shortstop so I told Gardy that I'm comfortable at any position — second or shortstop," Nishioka said through translator Ryo Shinkawa. "Whatever he decides, I'll be comfortable playing it."
Nishioka will also be playing in his first game at Target Field, as he was injured before the Twins' first home game of the season on April 8.
"I was looking forward to playing in front of the fans at Target Field so it will be special for me," Nishioka said.
Here are the lineups for both teams for Wednesday's 7:05 p.m. CT start at Target Field.
1. Juan Pierre, CF
2. Alexei Ramirez, SS
3. Carlos Quentin, RF
4. Paul Konerko, 1B
5. A.J. Pierzynski, C
6. Alex Rios, CF
7. Adam Dunn, DH
8. Gordon Beckham, 2B
9. Brent Morel, 3B
RHP Gavin Floyd (6-5, 3.89 ERA, 3.81 FIP, 3.00 K/BB)
1. Ben Revere, CF
2. Alexi Casilla, SS
3. Michael Cuddyer, RF
4. Delmon Young, DH
5. Luke Hughes, 1B
6. Danny Valencia, 3B
7. Brian Dinkelman, LF
8. Matt Tolbert, 2B
9. Drew Butera, C
RHP Carl Pavano (3-5, 4.54 ERA, 3.99 FIP, 1.83 K/BB)
Home Opener at Target Field
It's almost impossible to put a damper on the home opener at Target Field.
The ballpark is amazingly beautiful, it's packed full of fans and the weather couldn't be any better today.
But at the same time, the effects of Tsuyoshi Nishioka's injury could certainly be felt on his teammates and manager Ron Gardenhire.
It's clear Nishioka was excited about playing here at Target Field for the first time, but now he'll have to wait some time with his fractured bone in his lower left leg. He's being evaluated by Dr. John Steubs today, and so we'll get a better understanding of when he'll return after today's game.
But no matter how long Nishioka is out, the Twins have to move on and quickly, and it's exactly what they're doing with plenty of residual effects from Nishioka's injury.
Second baseman Luke Hughes gets his first start of the season at second base, Joe Mauer is moving into the two-hole and Michael Cuddyer even took grounders at second in anticipation of seeing time there in Nishioka's absence.
So it'll be interesting to see how the Twins do moving forward now that Nishioka is likely out at least a month, or possibly even longer.
Anyways, here are the lineups for the Twins and A's in the home opener at Target Field that's set for a 3:10 p.m. CT start.
1. Denard Span, CF
2. Joe Mauer, C
3. Justin Morneau, 1B
4. Delmon Young, LF
5. Michael Cuddyer, RF
6. Jim Thome, DH
7. Danny Valencia, 3B
8. Luke Hughes, 2B
9. Alexi Casilla, SS
RHP Carl Pavano (0-1, 15.75 ERA, 13.45 FIP, 1.50 K/BB)
1. Coco Crisp, CF
2. Daric Barton, 1B
3. David DeJesus, RF
4. Josh Willingham, LF
5. Hideki Matsui, DH
6. Kurt Suzuki, C
8. Mark Ellis, 2B
5. Kevin Kouzmanoff, 3B
9. Cliff Pennington, SS
LHP Brett Anderson (0-0, 1.50 ERA, 1.97 FIP, 5.00 K/BB)


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Will Bill Self's NBA credentials be forever tied to the fates of Wiggins and Embiid?
For all of Bill Self's accomplishments at KU, there has been a recent void of Jayhawks among the NBA's elite players. Joel Embiid and Andrew Wiggins could change that -- and, in turn, give Self some NBA street cred.
KANSAS CITY, Mo. -- Of all its hallowed, gothic charms, perhaps the most remarkable single feature about Allen Fieldhouse is that it remains one of the few places in America where the floor is almost as high as the ceiling. Kansas won 25 games this past winter, notched a 10th straight Big 12 regular-season title and landed a 2 seed in the NCAA Tournament.
And that was a "down" year. An "off" year, a "transition" year, the runt of the litter.
Bill Self's teams have won 325 games over the past 11 seasons, a statistic that shouts for itself. In terms of conference-level domination, the Jayhawks are pushing into John Wooden-UCLA territory now, a ship that wins 28-29 tilts on autopilot. Self inherited something pristine and made it sublime, winning a championship and reaching two Final Fours over the past six campaigns.
Mortals rebuild. KU reloads.
But for all the glitter, all the gold, there is also this:
From 2006-13, the Jayhawks turned out exactly one player -- forward Markieff Morris -- who has averaged at least 10 points per game in the NBA, and just one player (also Morris) to average at least five boards per contest in the NBA, and only one player (Mario Chalmers) to average at least three assists per tilt. From 1999-2005, the Jayhawks produced four NBA alums who've averaged 10 points or better; four who've averaged at least five boards per game; and two who averaged at least three dimes.
From 2007-13, Kentucky has bequeathed the NBA six players who've scored at least 10 points per tilt over their pro careers; North Carolina has sent one in the double-digit-scoring club, but has accounted for two players to average at least five boards per contest and two others to average at least three assists.
This very point has been made before, of course, and if you want to throw out the blanket statement that Self is incapable of turning out capable NBA fodder, well, Deron Williams and his 5,633 career assists would like to have a quick word.
Instead, let us just say this, and gently: It wouldn't hurt Self's street cred, or that of KU, one salt lick if Joel Embiid and Andrew Wiggins, however they come off the board next Thursday in the 2014 NBA Draft, don't stink up the joint.
"I mean, I'll be emotional," Self said earlier this week when asked about the pair, who are expected to account for two of the top three selections. "But not such that I'm hoping one goes ahead of the other. I just hope they both get in great situations."
The Jayhawks could very well account for half of the first four picks on June 26, which is rare air even by KU's lofty standards; Kansas has seen only four players taken among the top four in the NBA Draft, period, since 1954 -- the last being Drew Gooden, by Cleveland, at No. 4 in 2002.
Lookin' good! CLICK HERE to check out our gallery of cheerleaders from around the Big 12.
"Even though the draft is important and I know it changes lives on that day, but really, that's when the work begins, too," Self said. "And regardless of who drafts you and what number, now it's time to go prove yourself."
Because, let's face it, if you're going to throw the alumni card at Self, you have to play this one as well:
From 2007-13, the Jayhawks churned out eight top 14 NBA Draft picks.
From 1990-2006, they produced five.
Is it Self's fault Xavier Henry never quite panned out as a star at the next level? Or Josh Selby? Or Julian Wright?
Every kid is different; every scenario is unique. Some make the jump for love. Most make the jump for money.
Or, in the case of Embiid, because a slew of people told him he'd be nuts not to do it, right now -- regardless of whether he wanted to or not.
In terms of Self's NBA credence and whichever team lands the 7-footer -- Cleveland, which owns the No. 1 pick (again), is sending out more mixed signals than a Soviet submarine -- JoJo is the package with the most upside and the most risk, all in the same breath. The agility. The feet. The size. The shot. The smarts. The reach. Soccer toes. Volleyball hops. In terms of pure talent, pure tools, the native of Cameroon is a once-in-a-generation prospect. The individual pros outweigh the individual cons by tenfold.
Mind you, the only major con is a biggie: That back. That aching, aching back.
While Embiid could be the next Olajuwon or Oden, health pending, Wiggins is a surer thing in the pros -- one of the surer things in years. The 6-8 wing guard is a leaper and athlete first, a shooter and dribbler second; the more space he has to work with, the more dangerous he figures to become, a trait that should serve him well in the NBA.
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Even if the best-case scenario is Tracy McGrady, and not LeBron James, that's still one hell of a baseline to work with.
"I think (Wiggins) translates not to a good pro," Self said, "but to a great pro."
If Embiid's back goes south again, he just might have to be.
You can follow Sean Keeler on Twitter at @SeanKeeler or email him at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Gotham Early Music Scene
Music Before 1800 presents Davitt Moroney, harpsichord ~ Sunday, January 20 at 4 pm
Music Before 1800 presents
Davitt Moroney,
Davitt Moroney
Davitt Moroney, world-famous harpsichordist and musicologist, performs J.S. Bach's six
French Suites
, BWV 812 through 816. The
French Suites
have always been among Bach's most popular works. He composed them between 1717 and 1723 when he was in his mid-thirties and happily employed at the court of the music-loving Prince Leopold of Anhalt-Cöthen. Davitt Moroney relishes playing all the suites together, and in order. In his own words, "Each suite does have its own inner character, and here the richness of Bach's imagination can be appreciated. Bringing out these distinct characters within the overall concept of unity is, I feel, one of the principal responsibilities of the performer."
Davitt Moroney performs as a soloist in major music festivals around the world. During the summer of 2012 he played in Venice; Montreal; Wilmington, Delaware; and Washington DC at the Smithsonian Institution. This program was praised by the Washington Post: "Moroney is one of the most accomplished players in the world, marrying deep scholarship with a lively musical imagination." He has recorded over sixty commercial CDs, many of them winners of prestigious awards. Recent recordings on antique harpsichords for the Plectra label include Bach's harpsichord concertos, the complete works of Louis Marchand and Louis-Nicolas Clérambault, and the first book of harpsichord pieces by François Couperin; this will be followed by the remainder of Couperin's harpsichord works. Davitt Moroney has been a Professor of Music at Berkeley, CA, since 2001.
Key Information
Sunday January 20, 2012
4 pm
Corpus Christi Church
529 West 121st Street
between Broadway & Amsterdam Avenue
$10-$45; $5 discount
for students/seniors
$10 student rush
tickets at the door
More info & tickets
Map with nearby restaurants
Gotham Early Music Scene, Gene Murrow, Executive Director
340 Riverside Drive Suite 1-A, New York, NY 10025 P: (212) 866 - 0468 F: (212) 866 - 0477
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text:
COLUMBUS, Ohio - Several Ohio senators have banded together to revise Ohio's child-enticement law after an appeals court ruled the statute unconstitutional last week.
Majority Whip Larry Obhof, a Medina Republican, said changes would tighten the law's wording, which currently prohibits adults from attempting to "knowingly solicit, coax, entice or lure any child under 14 years of age to accompany the person in any manner."
Sen. Gayle Manning, a North Ridgeville Republican, said she plans to jointly sponsor a bill that would require an "unlawful purpose" for an action to constitute child enticement. Legislation will be introduced sometime next week with Sen. Bill Beagle, a Tipp City Republican, as the bill's co-sponsor.
The 9th Ohio District Court of Appeals last week overturned the conviction of an Akron man who had invited a 13-year-old girl to be his "special friend." Appellate judges acknowledged the good intentions of the law but deemed it too broad to enforce.
Other appeals courts in Ohio have overturned child-enticement convictions in the past several years, Obhof said. Courts have asserted the law infringes on First-Amendment rights.
"We probably could have introduced something already, but I think it's more important to get things right than to rush them," Obhof said.
Manning said she agreed with Judge Eve Belfance, who noted that parents would theoretically violate the law by asking their child's friend if he or she wanted a ride home. The child-enticement law, however, is an important one that exists to protect Ohio's youth, Manning said, and she doesn't want the statute to linger in debate.
"I taught for 37 years -- young kids," she said. "We don't want to see our children put in harm's way in any shape or form, so we've got to tighten this language up immediately."
Lawmakers are concerned with potential exploitation of a more refined child-enticement law by more serious criminals, said Sen. John Eklund, a Munson Township Republican and chairman of the Senate Criminal Justice Committee.
A person charged with kidnapping, for example, could potentially try to use the law's language to reduce an offense to child enticement, a much less serious crime, Eklund said.
"You can create, sometimes, more problems than you can solve," he said. "We'll have to be very deliberate and careful."
Obhof said legislators are taking the right steps to ensure no such discrepancies or future problems with courts exist. Senators met with the Ohio Prosecuting Attorneys Association Thursday to discuss the law.
The senators said they wouldn't weigh in on the law's constitutionality, but they will not shut their eyes to court rulings and children's safety issues.
"The fact is [the courts] think it's broken," Eklund said. "We aim to fix it."
Rex Santus is a Kent State University journalism student and a fellow in The E.W. Scripps School of Journalism Statehouse News Bureau at Ohio University.


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From Vanadzor to Dilijan
I was told the minibus to Dilijan, from Vanadzor, left at 9.00. When I had breakfast I was told it left at 8.30 and hurried up, didn't want to be without ticket. 8.15 I arrived at the bus station and was shown to the marshrutka (minibus) to Dilijan. In the window of the minibus there was a timetable, and apparently the 8.30 bus was just the first of six buses.
The bus ride to Dilijan took about one hour, but we had had a long break for fixing the engine. Dilijan is not the last stop for the bus so it stops to let passengers of by the roundabout below the town. The price was 500 drams (July 2006).
The landscape between Vandazor and Dilijan is very beautiful with green mountains.
- Budget Travel
- Backpacking
- Road Trip
To Haghartsin and Goshavank
I took a taxi from the guesthouse in Dilijan (Nune at the guesthouse called one for me) to Haghartsin and Goshavank. The whole trip took a bit more than three hours and then I went home to the taxi driver and met his lovely family, had coffee, ice cream and chocolate. The Armenian hospitality is great! The taxi tour was 5500 drams (July 2006).
In the evening I met a Dutch couple at the guesthouse who planed to take a taxi to Haghartsin, but walk back. They had bought a book in Yerevan with maps of different walking tours in Armenia, and Haghartsin - Dilijan was one. This sounds like a great option. You can also take a public transport and be dropped on the main road, by the road to Haghartsin, and have a lovely walk along the narrow road, through forests, to Haghartsin Monastery.
- Road Trip
- Backpacking
- Budget Travel
To Sevan from Dilijan
Nune from the guesthouse was going to Yerevan the same morning as I was going to Sevan. We decided to take the 10 o'clock minibus together. As we arrived at the bus stop (near the roundabout) it turned out the bus was late so we shared a taxi with two other people (I guess they were all going to Yerevan). I was dropped by the road leading out on Sevan Peninsula (some km before Sevan town). I paid 1000 drams and it took less than an hour (I think).
- Budget Travel
- Road Trip
- Backpacking
to visit the monasteries...
To visit the monasteries of Goshavank and Haghardzin you will need to hire a taxi. The guesthouse where you are staying will likely help you to find one - or else go to the main roundabout and you'll find one there.
You shouldn't pay more than 10000 for the trip - it'll take about three hours, including the visits.
- Backpacking
- Road Trip
- 1
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text:
The Associated Press is reporting this afternoon that a special grand jury has been convened to investigate both the construction and design of Boston's Big Dig tunnels as part of a criminal probe in to the tunnel ceiling collapse that killed a local woman in July.
According to the article posted on Boston.com this afternoon, a spokesman for the Attorney General's office confirmed the grand jury began hearing evidence Tuesday. They are expected to hear testimony from construction workers, their supervisors and ceiling designers, among others.
It will certainly be interesting to see what comes out of these investigations, who may be held responsible, and what missteps led to this disaster which made headlines nation-wide.


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Free black gold and money for nothing.
They're the goals of a scheme that Bangor Township Supervisor Terry Watson has been exploring to get a private company to compost yard waste and share dumping fees with the township.
What's not to like about that?
Yet, some township board members, not yet brought into the plan, are cool to the idea. Board Trustee Neil Froncek has said a compost facility in the township isn't a big priority right now.
Priority, maybe not.
But it's definitely an opportunity to collect some cash for township budgets, create a few jobs and recycle local yard waste into rich garden compost.
If Watson hadn't brought the idea to the full board before The Bay City Times let the cat out of the bag with an article on Sept. 30, it's because he's still gathering information. It's what township supervisors ought to do, rather than submitting half-baked ideas for destruction in the furnace of full township board debate.
We like what we know so far about the idea.
Now, yard waste that people set out at the curb each week though November is collected by Waste Management and hauled to a composting facility outside of Bay County. That's because there aren't a lot of places for waste haulers to take material for composting, and state law doesn't allow yard waste in sanitary landfills.
The cities of Bay City and Saginaw run their own yard waste composting operations, but nearby townships are on their own.
So, Watson enlisted the help of state Rep. Charles Brunner, D-Bay City, and former Sen. Jim Barcia to explore the possibility of bringing a private company to Bangor to operate a compost yard.
They went to Wixom to look at how a private compost site operates and how something like that would work in Bangor.
In Wixom, the city gets a portion of the "tipping fees" charged to dump compost at the site run by Spurt Industries of Zeeland. The resulting compost — black gold for gardeners —is available to city residents free of charge.
Spurt officials said they could open a compost yard in Bangor by next spring if the project gets a go-ahead from Bangor Township.
Waste Management officials told The Bay City Times that they'd welcome another place to dump the yard refuse.
For its part, township hall would save the expense of collecting and chipping branches that residents leave at their curbs and collect property taxes on the compost operation in addition to getting a portion of the tipping fees.
There aren't any estimates yet how much money the township could collect from the operations, but any additional money to pay for public services would be welcome.
Bangor, like most municipal governments in the recent years, has seen property values shrink and so it gets less money from taxes on private property. State revenue sharing payments also have dried to a mere trickle.
A side benefit for Bangor residents would be all the rich gardening compost that they can haul away.
So far, a Bangor compost yard looks like it would be a winning proposition for all involved.
For those who'd raise some questions about a composting stink: Such operations don't smell if the piles of refuse are turned regularly and tended. We would hope that a professional composting company like Spurt would know how to handle composting without its neighbors holding their noses.
Bringing a private composter to Bangor may not be a priority for some in the township.
For them, we would ask: Got any better ideas to bring a little extra money into township hall?
If so, bring them to the table, after stamping a Bangor compost yard "approved."


text:
Marlins President tours Miami Lighthouse for the Blind
Did you know? There are 67,000 individuals in Miami Dade County who are blind or visually impaired.
After last season's inaugural touching tour at Marlins Park, our team President David Samson asked me to schedule him a visit to the Miami Lighthouse for the Blind. Today was the day, and we had a lovely morning with Virginia, Carol, and Cameron at MLB (of course Virginia pointed out the MLB connection!) The resources and services they provide our community range from free eyeglasses for children, to life enrichment classes for seniors who recently lost their sight. It's a wonderful complex filled with kind and caring individuals. The Marlins Foundation looks forward to continuing our partnership with our friends at MLB. Below are some pictures from the visit. Enjoy!


text:
About Me
My name is Cristian, i'm 22 and 'm from Osorno, Chile, I skate with my homies and we have a crew, we call it "DERRIAL CREW" you know "the real". I'm skating like 7 years and i never haved an emerica shoe, but my dream is have the reynolds 3 and ksl 2 shoe. Sorry for my bad english
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text:
Paul Sanchez and John Boutte co-wrote "At the Foot of Canal Street," performed during (and providing the title for) episode four of HBO's "Treme."
A live performance of the song, sung by Boutee backed by Sanchez, Glen David Andrews and the New Birth Brass Band, is also featured on the "Treme" soundtrack album, available for download Tuesday (September 28) and on disc in about a month.
Sanchez was interviewed about "Treme" and the writing of "At the Foot of Canal Street" during a rehearsal for the August 28 "A Night of Treme" soundtrack preview party and Make It Right benefit at the New Orleans House of Blues.
Watch the interview, conducted by the Times-Picayune's Dave Walker and Maria Montoya at Word of Mouth Recording Studio, here:


text:
[Previous] | [Session 7] | [Next]
J. R. Percy, J. M. Hosick (U. Toronto)
About thirty photometrically variable red giant stars have periods less than about ten days, as determined by the compilers of the Hipparcos Catalogue from Hipparcos photometric measurements. These periods, when combined with estimates of the radii and masses of these stars, and with pulsation theory, imply that these stars are pulsating in very high overtones. We present several lines of evidence which suggest that the Hipparcos periods may be spurious, as a result of the particular aliasing properties of the Hipparcos photometry. We review what else is presently known about pulsation modes in red giants. We conclude that there is no evidence for high-overtone pulsation in red giant stars.
Supported by a research grant from NSERC Canada.
The author(s) of this abstract have provided an email address for comments about the abstract: firstname.lastname@example.com
[Previous] | [Session 7] | [Next]
Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, 34
© 2002. The American Astronomical Soceity.


text:
The Eagles have been linked to Jairus Byrd since last season, and now it looks like it is close to happening.
According to a report from Dianna Marie Russini of NBC Washington, the Eagles and the Washington Redskins are the only two teams left competing for Byrd.
With teams allowed to sign players starting at 4 p.m., a resolution could come very soon.
The Eagles need for Byrd has been clear from the start, but their willingness to pay for him has not. Byrd is expected to sign a huge contract, with close to $20 million guaranteed.
With the other contracts handed out to safeties over the past few days, however, maybe his price has come down. Or maybe the Eagles have decided he is worth the big money.
Stay tuned.
Follow Eliot Shorr-Parks on Twitter at @EliotShorrParks


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Port discusses foot ferries for Kingston
KINGSTON New Port of Kingston Commissioner Pete DeBoer recently took part in his first executive decision one that could help bring long-awaited passenger-only ferry service to the Little City by the Sea.
During a special port meeting Jan. 13, DeBoer met with his fellow commissioners to discuss the possible addition of foot ferry service from Kingston to Seattle.
The board has hired political consultant Barbara Kitchens to prepare information that will be presented to the Kitsap Transit Board of Commissioners on Jan. 20. Kitchens will be analyzing the ports role in creating the transportation service from Kingston to Seattle.
Since Kitsap Transits countywide plan to establish foot ferries was knocked down by voters last fall, the agency is expected to consider allowing a private foot ferry company, Aqua Express, to provide temporary passenger-only services between Kitsap and Seattle.
I think, at this time, its good for the port to have someone like that, said Commissioner Marc Bissonnette.
Aqua Express executives have said they would like to have a Kingston-Seattle run established within six months.
Because of legislation passed during the 2003 session in Olympia, the state-regulated Washington Utility and Transportation Commission cannot approve Aqua Express application for ferry services unless the local transit authority, Kitsap Transit, approves it first.
Commissioners also discussed the ports options for a temporary docking area while it establishes a more defined plan for a permanent loading dock for the ferries.
The board also debated several options based on the ports Environmental Impact Statement for Passenger-Only Fast Ferries, a document that was developed for Washington State Ferries in 1999 when it was considering more POF services. These options included: an existing unused slip; docks within the Kingston Marina; and the existing fishing pier. Aqua Express officials have said they will provide a barge as a temporary loading dock but need a place to tie it up.
DeBoer said he was against having a ferry slip in the marina for several reasons, including security of the private boats, liability, ADA access, lack of guardrails and summertime boating traffic.
The port wouldnt be allowed to use an unused slip adjacent to the ferry dock as it is property of Washington State Ferries.
The only real viable spot (the port can offer) is at the end of the fishing pier, DeBoer said.
But that options raises its own questions as well.
I have concerns myself with the wake of wash when ferries come in, Bissonnette said, noting that small ferries will have a rough time with the jumbo ferries wakes when they dock. He suggested arranging the foot ferry schedule so the WSF boats and smaller passenger-only boats would not dock at the same time in Kingston.
Another concern with the pier stems from possible environmental impact on eel grass that is located beneath the dock. From the EIS drawings, the existing patch of eel grass in 1999 was small, observed commissioner Tom Coultas, noting it could be gone by now.
However, DeBoer suggested having divers investigate the underwater environment to see what has changed since the 1999 EIS.
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Ypsilanti police are investigating a daytime home invasion where an intruder stole a safe containing cash and multiple watches Saturday, investigators reported.
Police responded at 8:41 p.m. Saturday to the 800 block of Madison Street for a report of a home invasion. The break-in reportedly took place between 8 a.m. and 8:40 p.m.
The intruder, or intruders, broke a small basement window in order to gain entry to the home. A small gray safe was reported stolen.
The safe contained an unknown about of cash, a white Bulova watch and a blue watch of an unknown brand.
The incident is under investigation. Anyone with information on the break-in is encouraged to call the Ypsilanti police at 734-483-9510 or Crime Stoppers at 1-800-SPEAK UP (773-2587).
Kyle Feldscher covers cops and courts for The Ann Arbor News. He can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com or you can follow him on Twitter. Find all Washtenaw County crime stories here.


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The main point is that food contains carbs, proteins, and fats. All foods (atleast whole foods) contain all three of these but in varying amounts. The carbs will always turn to sugar, the proteins will sometimes, and the fats won't.
When most people think of food they are thinking of something that is mostly starch (for example bread). Since starch is just a chain of glucose, and glucose is a sugar, it will turn to sugar inside the body. While protein can also turn into glucose, but the process is pretty metabolically taxing. Protein is more commonly used for other purposes. Fat will not be turned into sugar, as the body views it as a perfectly good source of energy.
A counter example you could give is that a steak is certainly food, however very little of it will turn to sugar inside the body.


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The Everson Museum of Art is trying to patch its financial woes while plotting a course for the future. The museum is coping with potential losses amounting to nearly $500,000 and forming its budget for 2014.
As reported this week, the museum's board members canceled two national traveling exhibitions originally planned for this year to avoid falling into deeper financial trouble.
Our editorial Thursday challenged the museum board to fix the immediate while forming a plan that engages the public and welcomes new visitors.
We took to the streets Thursday afternoon to ask residents what would entice them to visit the art museum? Their answers are in the photo gallery above.
What do you say?
» How would you answer the question? Share your thoughts in the comments below.
Add your two cents We encourage and welcome your participation in the discussion of issues affecting Central New York. Send us a letter at email@example.com or follow the conversation on Twitter at @CNYOpinion.


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Restaurants, are you open on Christmas?
It's not too early, restaurant owners and general managers, to tell me your Christmas hours for a listing in the Journal Sentinel.
Open Christmas Day? At night on Christmas Eve? Send me the details at email@example.com. Put "Christmas" in the subject line, and send it by Dec. 11 for inclusion in the Dec. 14 edition. Please note your hours and if you're serving your regular menu or something different. »Read Full Blog Post
Yo La Tengo swings from calm to full-on rocking
Yo La Tengo's show at Turner Hall on Saturday showed that in music, there are different types of Zen.
The Hoboken, N.J.-based indie rock darling began a nine-song opening acoustic set with a meditative variation of "Ohm," the first track off "Fade," its lovely and relaxed 13th full-length studio album released in January. Georgia Hubley gently tapped the drums with brushes, her husband Ira Kaplan glided the song toward a subdued Middle Eastern-influenced guitar jam, and the couple along with primary bassist James McNew sang sweetly, quietly, together. »Read Full Article
MSO captures excitement of rarely performed Beethoven works
In the culinary world it's quite the event to plan a meal around a single delicacy, for instance a white truffle meal.
In the music world, it's a similar treat to plan a meal around a musical delicacy, for instance some of the infrequently performed symphonies of Beethoven. »Read Full Article
Milwaukee Rep's 'Clybourne Park' an electrifying production
Because "Clybourne Park" is so good and because it explores issues that aren't going away, it's easy to agree with Mark Clements' prediction - made in his director's notes for the new Milwaukee Repertory Theater production - that Bruce Norris' play is built to last.
It's much harder to imagine watching the inevitable revival, 10 or 20 years from now, without hearkening back to the electrifying performance I saw Friday night, in which Clements' all-star cast gave "Clybourne" the treatment it deserves. »Read Full Article(1)
Winter Jam tour brings full range of Christian music to U.S. Cellular Arena
The Christian music industry has long been a bit of an enigma.
Mostly, the genre has remained separate from its pop brethren. There it has thrived, in record sales, at festivals and on Christian radio. »Read Full Article(3)


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MRP: Rs. 16.66 for 1 strip(s) (10 tablets each)
Report Error
Composition for MEZOCAR LACarbamazepine(300 mg)
food interaction for MEZOCAR LA
alcohol interaction for MEZOCAR LA
pregnancy interaction for MEZOCAR LA
lactation interaction for MEZOCAR LA
It can be taken with or without food, but it is better to take Mezocar la 300 mg tablet at a fixed time.
Avoid Mezocar la 300 mg tablet with grapefruit juice.
Avoid Mezocar la 300 mg tablet with grapefruit juice.
Mezocar la 300 mg tablet may cause excessive drowsiness and calmness with alcohol.
Mezocar la 300 mg tablet is unsafe to use during pregnancy.
There is positive evidence of human fetal risk, but the benefits from use in pregnant women may be acceptable despite the risk, for example in life-threatening situations. Please consult your doctor.
There is positive evidence of human fetal risk, but the benefits from use in pregnant women may be acceptable despite the risk, for example in life-threatening situations. Please consult your doctor.
Mezocar la 300 mg tablet is probably unsafe to use during breastfeeding. Please consult your doctor.
SALT INFORMATION for MEZOCAR LA
Carbamazepine(300 mg)
Mezocar la 300 mg tablet is used to treat certain types of fits (epilepsy). It is also used to relieve a painful condition of the face called trigeminal neuralgia. Also used to control serious manic depression when another medicine (lithium) fails.
How it works
Mezocar la 300 mg tablet belongs to a class of medications called as anticonvulsants. It works by stabilizing the electrical activity of your brain and controls fits, pain and serious manic depression.
Common side effects
Vomiting, Nausea, Anxiety, Back pain, Chest pain, Memory impairment, Confusion, Dizziness, Drowsiness, Dry mouth, Headache, Heartburn, Unsteadiness, Vision disorder, Yellow discoloration of skin, Yellow discoloration of eye, Constipation, Diarrhoea
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- TEGRITAL CR 300 MG TABLET(10 tablets in strip)Novartis India LtdRs. 3.84/tabletRs. 38.42pay 131% more per tablet
- ZEN RETARD 300 MG TABLET(10 tablets in strip)Intas Pharmaceuticals LtdRs. 2.45/tabletRs. 24.50pay 47% more per tablet
- VERSITOL RETARD 300 MG TABLET(10 tablets in strip)Micro Labs LtdRs. 2.14/tabletRs. 21.40pay 28% more per tablet
- CARBATOL CR 300 MG TABLET(10 tablets in strip)Torrent Pharmaceuticals LtdRs. 2.30/tabletRs. 22.97pay 38% more per tablet
- CARBACONTIN 300MG TABLET(10 tablets in strip)Modi Mundi Pharma Pvt LtdRs. 1.91/tabletRs. 19.10pay 15% more per tablet
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- Dr. Kapil AgarwalMBBS, MD, DM
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Expert advice for MEZOCAR LA
- Do not perform activities that require alertness during the first week of taking this drug.
- Immediately consult your doctor if you develop blistering or skin rashes.
- Consult your doctor if you show signs of confusion, persistent abdominal pain, yellowing of eyes/skin, easy bruising.
- Carbamazepine can make birth control pills or implants less effective. Use a barrier form of birth control (such as a condom or diaphragm with spermicide) to prevent pregnancy while taking this medicine.
- Carbamazepine can pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. You should not breast-feed while you are using this medicine.
Frequently asked questions for MEZOCAR LA
Q. Is carbamazepine /Tegretol / Zeptol safe?
Carbamazepine is safe if used at prescribed doses for the prescribed duration as advised by your doctor.
Q. Is carbamazepine a controlled drug/ an opiate?
No. Carbamazepine is not a controlled drug or an opiate.
Q. Is carbamazepine an enzyme inducer?
Yes. It is an enzyme inducer. Please check with your doctor if you are taking other medications, which may get altered when taken together.
Q. Is carbamazepine an antidepressant/ MAOI/ benzodiazepine?
Carbamazepine is an antidepressant. It is not an MAOI or benzodiazepine.
Q. Can I take paracetamol/ Tylenol/ tramadol/ ibuprofen/ Advil/ amoxicillin/ codeine/ Nyquil/naproxen/ oral contraceptives with carbamazepine?
All the above mentioned drugs may interact with carbamazepine. Please consult with your doctor before taking this medication. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Q. Does carbamazepine cause weight loss or weight gain/ hyponatremia/ help anxiety/depression/ gingival hyperplasia make you tired/ cause high blood pressure?
Carbamazepine causing the above mentioned side effects are commonly or rarely observed. It is not known to cause gingival hyperplasia and high blood pressure. Please consult your doctor if you experience such side effects.


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The Portland Bureau of Transportation will close a portion of Southeast 17th Avenue from Dec. 7-23.
The street will be closed between Southeast Yukon and Tolman streets all hours and all days, according to the bureau.
Crews will fix the concrete road base beneath the asphalt surface.
There will be two detours: "Northbound traffic on 17th Avenue will be detoured onto Tolman Street, west to Milwaukie Avenue, north to Yukon Street, and back to 17th Avenue. Southbound traffic will be detoured onto Yukon Street, west to Milwaukie Avenue, south to Tolman Street, and back to 17th Avenue."
Local access will be available and sidewalks will remain open.


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Story on Oregon State hiring UNLV running backs coach Reggie Davis to perform the same duties for the Beavers at bottom of this entry. ...
THURSDAY ... we talked to Yvenson Bernard's agent this morning (the same firm represents OSU's Gerard Lawson and ex-OSU running back Ken Simonton) and Bardia Ghahremani of the International Sports Agency had plenty to say. ... fyi, Ghahremani thinks Simonton may be starting with the Calgary Stampeders.
What about YB? Will the sixth-leading rusher in Pac-10 history get a decent shot to make a team in the Fall? ... as coach Riley noted the other day, when he was giving us a run-down on spring football, his former star tailback faces an uphill battle with NFL scouts who like to think mostly in terms of size and speed.
Riley said that San Diego Chargers' coach Norv Turner "really likes 'Ev' but I told him, you're going to have to overcome your scouts because scouts pay attention to times and strength and all the measurables and the coaches watch the film. So there's always that inner struggle in those draft meetings.''
Said YB's agent, when I asked about his NFL draft chances, "it's going to be someone who likes him a lot because of the football player he is, because he's not going to test well and that's obvious with him running a 4.73 (40-yard-dash). ... we're still optimistic, thinking Round 6, Round 7, or Round 8. ... somebody will look at his value as a football player. Once he gets (to a camp) he's going to do just fine.''..
Ghahremani noted that Bernard's lack of Ron Dayne-like size or Darren McFadden speed shouldn't kill his chances. "You wish he would run faster, of course, but he's a good football player that will make a team because of his ability when he's on that field.''
The agent said Bernard had a 4.19 shuttle time, which he said, "is phenomenal.''
"He has quickness to hit the hole, not (dazzling) top-end speed,'' said Ghahremani. "Is he going to take it 90 yards to the house? Probably not.''
Although he wasn't even a starter in college - he was a special teams standout - it appears Lawson may have a chance to be drafted higher than Bernard, who is more likely to go the Matt Moore route and land in someone's camp as a free agent signee.
To increase Lawson's stock, Ghahremani said a pro day has been set up at UNLV so Lawson can lower his 40 time.
"He's not a 4.63 guy (what he ran at OSU's pro day) ... he's more in the 4.4 range,'' said the agent, who said Lawson's athleticism (his vertical was over 40 inches) and special teams talents have drawn interest from several NFL teams, who would probably use him as a reserve DB, a kick returner, and a kickoff and punt cover player.
Green Bay and the New York Jets have asked about Lawson.
Lawson has already visited with the Chicago Bears, said Ghahremani.
"There are a number of teams that value him very highly,'' he said.
Ghahremani raves about Lawson's pro future. "I think he's going to get drafted in the seventh round, and I think he'll be a core special team guy (and return kicks) for somebody,'' said the agent. "He's the kind of guy who will return a kickoff 95 yards, then turn right around and make the tackle on the next kickoff. ... he will play 7-10 years in the NFL. He is that good of an athlete. ... now, whether he ever gets to play DB, that's on him.''
The Reggie Davis release ...
Reggie Davis has been named assistant football coach at Oregon State University, Beaver head coach Mike Riley announced Thursday. He will coach the running backs while current Assistant Head Coach Jay Locey will take over wide receiver coaching duties.
Davis coached the running backs at UNLV the last three years after spending the 2004 season as the tight ends and assistant special teams coach at the University of San Diego.
"I have known Reggie for many years and he is a person of great character," Riley said. "He is a terrific addition to our coaching staff and I look forward to working with him."
Davis played tight end and on special teams in two full seasons (1999 & 2000) for Riley when he was the head coach of the San Diego Chargers. Davis began his post-playing career as a speed and strength coach for four years, training professional, college and high school athletes in weightlifting and running techniques.
"I'm very excited and consider it a pleasure to join Coach Riley's staff," Davis said. "I have a lot of respect for him as a man and as a coach."
Davis, from Long Beach, Calif., is a 1998 graduate of the University of Washington with a degree is sociology. While at UW he lettered four seasons at tight end, was one of four team captains as a senior and helped the program to four bowl games.
"This is a terrific opportunity for me to coach in a conference that I played in," Davis added. "I think Oregon State and Corvallis will be a very nice fit for me professionally and for my family."
Reggie and his wife Jennifer have five children, including two sets of twins.
Davis joins former Beaver player Keith Heyward as the new assistant coaches for the 2008 season. Heyward, who was on Riley's staff in 2005 and 2006 as a graduate assistant, serves as the cornerbacks coach.
The Beavers open spring practice on Monday.


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Osceola, NY -- Pebbles is a fighter.
When the 2-year-old pit bull was found in January, her rescuers didn't think she would survive the winter. The dog was hairless, with her backside covered in sores. She had been blinded, and her teeth had been pulled, her rescuers said.
But Pebbles has made a comeback.
The back sores have almost healed. She navigates the rooms of her new home with surprising agility, barking when she hears unfamiliar noises. Still hairless, she wears a pink hand-knit dog sweater to stay warm.
Now that Pebbles is out of danger, the woman who adopted her, Jane Anclam, says that someone should be held accountable for what happened to the dog. Making that happen, though, isn't as easy as she expected.
Pebbles was found at a farmhouse in Redfield, in the far northeastern corner of Oswego County. While the last owners of the house, Peter and Barbara Luberto, had not lived at the home for several months, there are conflicting accounts about whether the dog had been abandoned. The Lubertos, who now live in Pennsylvania, could not be reached for comment.
Anclam, of Osceola in nearby Lewis County, heard about Pebbles through a friend who runs a local dog food pantry. Together, the two women accompanied Trooper Jon Pelton to the basement of the farmhouse, where they found the dog.
Anclam said she believes Pebbles had been left there to die.
Pelton said he found evidence that the house had been recently inhabited. He said it looked like a party had been thrown at the house the night before Pebbles was found.
Regardless, he said it appears the pit bull had been mistreated.
"It was the worst thing I had ever seen," Pelton said. "I said, 'Holy moly.' It was pretty disturbing to look at."
After researching the dog's injuries, Anclam said she thinks Pebbles might have been used as a bait dog. Dog fighting is a felony in all 50 states, but the illegal sport has a widespread underground following. Tens of thousands of people nationwide are involved in dog fighting, the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals website says.
But Pelton said there is no evidence of a dog fighting ring in Redfield.
Though the circumstance may seem suspicious, no charges can be brought against anyone unless there is medical proof that Pebbles was abused, the trooper said.
"We have no proof of when or how these injuries occurred," he said. "We don't know -- she might have been born like that. Until there's medical proof that a crime occurred, my hands are tied."
Dr. Keith Blackmore of Upstate Animal Clinic treated Pebbles.
"The history would indicate that Pebbles was abused," Blackmore said. "I've never seen a dog like that."
Pebbles would need a head X-ray to confirm that her corneas were lacerated. But Anclam said she doesn't have the money.
She already has spent hundreds of dollars on veterinary appointments and medications for Pebbles. For weeks, she applied cold compresses to the dog's open wounds. Even now, Anclam must feed the pit bull wet dog food so that Pebbles can ingest the food without teeth.
It hasn't been easy, Anclam said, but she's happy knowing that she saved Pebbles' life. "She's a member of the family," Anclam said.
"She's the sweetest thing. She's never going to be completely well, but we need to make sure that this doesn't happen to other animals," Anclam said. "That's what we're trying to do."


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MEDINA Christmas will be coming to Medina Public Square a few months early.
Lights will sparkle on the buildings and trees on the four corners of the square during the holiday season.
City Council gave the go-ahead for the holiday light display, a project which had been in the works for two years.
"People will love it. Kids will remember it," said Councilman-at-large Bill Lamb. "But it will also bring thousands of people here every single weekend and throughout the week."
"We believe it will be a great addition to the square for about six weeks, from when it initiates throughout the Christmas season," said John Coyne, council president.
According to an initial plan, lights will outline rooftops and dot vertical corners of buildings around the square, and will also be woven through trees in Uptown Park. Uplighting also will illuminate the trees.
Don Cartier, a Medina resident who is known for his extravagant, Disney-themed holiday lights shows at his home on Alexandria Lane, has been helping plan the city's light display.
"He knows more about those lights than the light manufacturers," Coyne quipped about Cartier.
Also as part of the plan, large wreaths may be hung on the parking deck and on the new and old courthouse buildings, and a fireworks show could kick off the festivities. Cost will be a factor.
Council approved $43,500 to be put toward the Christmas light display, but that money must fund purchase and installation of the lights before a fireworks show or wreaths can be finalized.
Volunteers of Main Street will install the ground lights, and professional crews will be hired to install the lights on buildings.
"Some of this money could be spent on other areas of the Uptown that people can enjoy year-round," Ward 3 Councilman Mark Kolesar said. "It's a lot of money for Christmas lights and I'm struggling with it. I don't want to be a Scrooge for Christmas, but it's still a lot of money."
Coyne and other city officials who have helped plan the Christmas light display say that it will attract shoppers to city's nine-block downtown district.
"At least this will get it started off and hopefully get enough people to come," Coyne said. "The goal is to have more people come to square for the holidays and spend their money here instead of other communities."
The fireworks and wreaths would "give it that extra push to be fantastic," said Matt Wiederhold, director of Main Street Medina.
The fireworks show is estimated to cost approximately $6,500, he said.
"I'm not in favor of fireworks myself. It's Christmas, not the Fourth of July," Kolesar commented. "It's an awful lot of money to attract people for 10 minutes for an event you want to keep going from November to late December."
Wiederhold said that Main Street Medina could look for a business to sponsor the fireworks show if it does not fit the city's budget.
Property owners around the square have been notified about the Christmas light display plan, Coyne said.
See more Medina news at cleveland.com/medina.


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SAGINAW, MI — Seven awards were handed out at the conclusion of the eighth annual Old Town Motorfest, which took place in Old Town Saginaw on Sunday, July 21.
Best of Show honors went to Tim Volz of Freeland for his ivory colored 1958 Cadillac Coupe.
"It's an honor," Volz said upon receiving the award. "There are a lot of nice cars here."
Other award winners are:
Best Interior — Hal Smith, 1940 Ford
Best Engine — Jim Suppes, 1988 Monte Carlo
Best Paint — Nigel Yeacham, 1967 Chevelle
Best Bike — Shawn Coutz, custom chopper
Saginaw News Headliner Award — Skip and Peggy Shaver, 1955 Mercury Montclair
Mayor's Award (given by Saginaw Mayor Greg Branch) — Denis Szczepanik, 1957 Chevrolet Bel-Air.
About 175 vehicles were registered for Sunday's show and organizers estimated about 3,000 people turned out for the show.


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Home /
Human Resources /
Domestic Partners
Capital University provides the same benefit package to registered domestic partners of employees as it does to legal spouses of employees. For the purpose of Capital University's benefits policy, a "domestic partnership" is a relationship between an unmarried employee and one other unmarried person over 18 years of age of the same or opposite sex and who has a single, dedicated relationship, intend to remain in the relationship indefinitely, and meet all of the requirements for eligibility stated in the Capital University Affidavit of Domestic Partnership. Upon successful registration an employee's domestic partner is eligible to receive coverage under the following benefits: Medical InsuranceDental InsuranceSupplemental Life and AD&D InsuranceLong-Term Care InsuranceTuition Benefits
Employees must complete an Affidavit of Domestic Partnership (PDF) within the first 31 days of hire or within 31 days of a family status change in order to successfully register the domestic partnership and to be eligible for benefits.
Taxation The IRS considers the fair market value of health care benefits provided to domestic partners as taxable income to the employee. For this reason, employees electing health and/or dental insurance for their domestic partners will face unique tax consequences. These tax adjustments are as follows:


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Anita June Hurst of Dover, formerly of Frenchtown, passed away on Thursday, Aug. 30, 2012 at the Dwelling Place in Dover. She was 56.
Born April 7, 1956 in Phillipsburg, a daughter of Albert and Edith Opdyke Hurst, Anita lived in Frenchtown for many years and was a longtime resident of the McNamara House in Sergeantsville. She was as a graduate of North Hunterdon Regional High School. Anita had worked at Wendy's and at ShopRite, both in Flemington. She enjoyed traveling, bowling and country dancing. She was a cross-country skier and had competed in the Special Olympics. She loved her pet rabbit, Fonzi.
She was predeceased by her stepbrother, Carl Templeton.
Anita is survived by her loving stepsister, Diane Taylor and her husband John of Upper Black Eddy, Pa.; two aunts, one uncle, many nieces, nephews, cousins and friends, as well as her special friend, Margaret.
Services: Graveside service on Tuesday, Sept. 4, noon at the Rosemont Cemetery, Route 519, Delaware Township. Visitation on Tuesday, 10:30-11:30 a.m., prior to the graveside service, at the Johnson-Walton Funeral Home, 24 Church Road, Holland Township.
Memorial contributions can be made to the Frenchtown Presbyterian Church, Box 114, Frenchtown, NJ 08825. For more information or to send online condolences, visit JohnsonWalton.com