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|Yale-New Haven Teachers Institute
Jean Sutherland
In contrast, my fifth grade pupils appear to have little realization or appreciation that things weren't always as they are today. Most live in neighborhoods which struggle on a daily basis with the all too common problems of inner-city life. Poverty, drugs, violence, and their assorted ills are exerting an ever increasing influence upon these pupils whom I teach. They often can identify little chance that anything is going to change for the better. It is difficult for them to imagine that their neighborhood and New Haven as a whole was once far different.
Their view of history is limited and fragmented at best, especially as it relates to African Americans. Due to a system-wide emphasis on "black history" during the month of February, they are generally knowledgeable regarding a wide variety of isolated individuals and particular incidents. In varying degrees, most are aware of Martin Luther King, Jr., the March on Washington, Harriet Tubman, the Underground Railroad, George Washington Carver, Jackie Robinson, and other vital yet disconnected parts of the whole. It has been a reoccurring theme of my last three units that until these people and events are fit together in more of an historical continuum, my pupils not only will miss much of the historical significance played by these individuals and events, but also, and probably more importantly, they will find it difficult to see themselves as part of the larger picture. Without this broader understanding and appreciation of the past, they are unable to fully draw upon this knowledge as a source of self-esteem, direction, and hopefully positive inspiration.
Regarding their understanding of an African American role in the history of New Haven, I imagine that for most there is little more than the image of a courageous Cinque standing tall midst the trials and tribulations of the Amisted affair. With the variety of positive activities planned for this Fall to commemorate the hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the 1842 decision, his imposing figure should stand even more dominantly, yet more isolated, as the symbol of African American history in New Haven.
As with United States history, I strongly feel that in order to gain from the past and to understand their place in the present, my pupils need to be presented with at least a framework of historical information while studying their city. Similarly, it seems logical that a framework of general African American history must clarify the development of the African American history of the smaller municipal unit. The means of providing this broader view of African American history in the United States will vary depending upon the teacher and the nature of the class. I intend to use various combinations of my three units written previously for the Yale New Haven Teachers Institute: "Poetry: A Mirror in which to See Myself" (1989), "The Family that Endured" (1990), and "Building Dreams: Who is There to Help You?" (1991). These units employ a combination of poetry, art, American literature, and specific works of autobiography. Although I realize that not all or even most pupils of this age are developmentally ready to fully understand the order and interrelationship of historical events, I strongly feel that an intent to achieve this understanding should influence the teacher's manner of presentation.
In this particular unit on New Haven, I hope my students will become more aware of the changes that have taken place in their city and neighborhoods. I especially plan to highlight the role played by African Americans in this development. This will include examining some of the factors which motivated their movement to New Haven, the problems they faced, their sources of strength (family, church, and community), and the progress they have made. Though focus will be on the changing city as it relates to African Americans, the study cannot and should not ignore the development of New Haven as a whole, for the two are unavoidably intertwined. I will also use general works related to any city: non-fiction, fiction, art, and poetry. These will help to further illustrate the physical aspects and atmosphere of a city in the hope that understanding gained will be transferred to the specific, New Haven. These more general works can also open the door to a variety of related classroom activities.
As an interrelated goal, this unit will attempt to utilize and develop my pupils' writing skills. Opportunities for motivating various types of written creations will be discussed later. Such assignments will not be isolated but will be integrated with the presentation of historical and other types of material.
Although this particular unit is designed with a fifth grade class in mind, the material to be covered and the activities suggested could easily be adapted to other grade levels. The fact that African Americans are its focus does not render it less valuable to white students who also need to acquire a more complete picture of New Haven's historical development. Though the same is true for New Haven's Hispanic student population, I strongly feel that additional material related to the Hispanic role in New Haven's history must be included for these and all New Haven students. I hope in the future to expand this unit to include material of this type.
The unit's length can vary greatly, depending upon the needs of each classroom and what is feasible in each setting. Though there is some flexibility in the amount of historical material which may be included, I feel that much of the unit's purpose will be lost without at least presenting the minimal developments which will be discussed here. Without a knowledge of these facts, the students have less chance of feeling the personal connection and the resulting increased understanding of the events which are designed to lead them to the city and neighborhoods in which they live today.
For my purposes, I see this as an integrated unit taught within a self-contained classroom. It is probably most easily initiated in the area of social studies but could grow from the areas of language arts such as with the reading of an appropriate "city" story or with a similarly related writing assignment. New Haven's fifth grade focus on American history could easily take a more detailed sidetrip to examine our city. In fact, our city's history obviously includes the major threads of our nation's history, helping to make the larger events more meaningful to students as they are encountered. Whatever the approach employed, the minimal continuity of events mentioned in this unit should be maintained.
In launching the historical material to be wavered, attention needs to focus on the company of Puritans led by Theophilus Eaton, the religious man of business and trade, and John Davenport, the practical minded clergyman, who after sailing from Massachusetts Bay reached the harbor by the Indian village of Quinnipiac (Long River Place) on March 30, 1638. We will examine the intertwining religious and economic motives which brought them to this point, factors which to a large extent determined the future development of New Haven.
The words of hymns sung and written throughout this early period vividly reflect the influence which religion had upon all aspects of life. Two examples which might be presented to pupils for examination are included later in the unit.
The physical establishment of the town, relationships with Indians, expansion to other towns, the prominent role which religion continued to play, along with business and education, the plight of the "three judges", and the facts behind the "Phantom Ship" are a few examples of topics from the history of New Haven Colony which provide material of value and interest to the pupils I teach. The fascination which this grade level usually has with Indians, any type of "phantom", or a good old fashioned chase should suggest a number of roads to follow in expanding some of these topics.
The unit should now lead us through the inclusion of New Haven Colony as part of Connecticut Colony in 1665, events surrounding the Revolutionary period, incorporation as a city in 1784, and on to the years leading to the Civil War and war itself. From there we will highlight important points of economic, physical, and social change as New Haven moved toward the present. It is difficult to present the amount of specific detail which should be included in each area since I think exact content will vary depending upon the class and their previous background. Considerable information on these early periods may be found in Rollin G. Osterweis' "Three Centuries of New Haven 1638-1938." The material is invaluable for teacher reference and also may be modified to a level appropriate for presentation to pupils. "New Haven: An Illustrated History," edited by Floyd Shumway and Richard Hegel, is similarly valuable. In addition, it is written on a level which may be understood by most fifth grade students and contains excellent maps and thought provoking pictures.
Throughout, references will be made to the roles played by African Americans in New Haven and to the related attitudes and actions taken by white New Haveners at various times in our city's history. Beginning with the early days of New Haven Colony until the present, when John Daniels serves as New Haven's first African American mayor, there is much to be examined.
From the early days of New Haven Colony, blacks were present, but initially had little impact upon the community at large. Probably most of them were slaves. Although blacks were not allowed to become members of the Connecticut militia before the war, a few fought in the Revolution, with one being killed during a British invasion. For a short period in 1781-2, Connecticut formed an all black unit. The city's black population was around 200 in 1790 and rose to over 600 in 1820.
After the War, a number of New Haven leaders spoke out against slavery. Black churches also took an active stance on this issue. Amos Beman (1812-1874) was one of New Haven's most effective black spokesmen of this time. During the late 18th Century, African Americans of Connecticut achieved the official status of "Free People of Color." Then in 1784 the Gradual Emancipation Act provided that all those born of slave parents would be free at age twenty-five. (This was later changed to twenty-one.)
Despite these official changes, life for New Haven's African Americans was still a hard and segregated one. As has been the case throughout history, the black community of New Haven turned within itself to develop its own social, religious, and political system and leadership. The first official African American church, the United African Society, was established in about 1820 on Temple Street with the aid of same concerned whites, especially Simeon Jocelyn, Its first minister was a runaway slave, James W.C. Pennington, and later the famous leader Amos Beman. The church eventually became the Dixwell Avenue Congregational Church and is now ministered by Edwin Edmonds, an equally prominent community figure.
The first "colored school" was established in 1811 with the next coming in 1825. Known as the Artisan Street School, the Spireworth or Mt. Pleasant School, and the Goffe Street School, they were physically quite inadequate and offered only a very basic education. In 1864 a new Goffe Street School was built. A picture of this and other important structures in the African American community may be found in a brochure titled New Haven's Afro-American Heritage. (See bibliography.)
On July 7, 1969, the Board of Education finally incorporated African American pupils into the school system. Earlier, in 1831, there was a movement by Simeon S. Jocelyn to establish a black college in the city, but general sentiment was strongly opposed, at least partly in response to fear motivated by the Nat Turner insurrection of the same year. Since newspapers of the time spoke out against the proposal, pupils might be asked to write opposing articles giving appropriate arguments for establishing such an institution.
Since the circumstances proved less threatening to whites, Cinque and the Amisted crew gained the sympathy and backing of most New Haveners. From this point forward there was an increase in abolitionist sentiments. With this Fall's anniversary celebration, considerable information and suggested activities should be available to expand upon the circumstances surrounding New Haven's role in this famous historical event.
With the North 's eventual triumph, the Emancipation Proclamation, the Thirteenth, the Fourteenth, and the Fifteenth Amendments, the long deserved rights of African Americans were finally won. Freedom, however, did not mean an end to prejudice. Generally housing regained segregated, with most blacks living in the Dixwell area after initially locating in the Oak Street neighborhood. Although some craftsmen and professionals emerged, most were blocked from any real advance by prejudice and the availability of only low paying jobs as servants, drivers, porters and waiters, with no real chance of advancement.
With the advent of both World War I and II, the North in general and New Haven in particular saw a dramatic increase in the number of blacks, mainly from the South. Conflict had brought a greater need for labor in the Northern industrial centers. The military conflicts had both stifled the flow of immigrant labor and cut European demand for cotton. Opportunities for blacks in the South were limited. Pay in the North was higher, schools were better, and life was generally safer away from the intimidation of the Klan. Black migration to New Haven to fill jobs created by the wartime boom saw black population figures grow to about 5,000 in 1930 and to 10,000 in 1950. Already limited housing in black neighborhoods became increasingly crowded, black neighborhoods spread, and whites began to move to the suburbs. (The Yale New Haven Teachers Institute has a volume published in 1989, "American Communities 1880-1989," which contains a number of units on the development of specific neighborhoods if more information is desired.)
The economic decline which spread through the area from the late 1950's through the 60's, the closing of factories, unemployment, an increase in Hispanic population, and the acceleration of white flight to the suburbs had a devastating effect upon the New Haven area, especially upon its African American population. The hope of urban renewal under Mayor Richard C. Lee from 1954-1970 did not fulfill its promise to many of the city's poor. Complicated social and economic forces were too great to overcome in the manner its planners had hoped. Top this off with the neighborhood disturbances of the 70's, the increase in drug use and its related crime in the 80's and 90's, the seeming failure of the educational system, and the general resumption of economic decline in the area, and you don't have a very hopeful picture to present to the African American youth of New Haven. Unfortunately, this is reality, but fortunately it is not the entire picture.
In order to become more aware of recent progress, pupils will now examine the positives to be found within the New Haven African American Community. This will include some exposure to individual and some group accomplishments dating back to the early 1900's, including those covered during the initial historical investigation. "Black New Haven 1920-77" and "Black Women in Greater New Haven" are examples of a number of sources which contain a wealth of what may seem a hodgepodge of isolated facts about black New Haveners. Taken as a whole, however, they let us know that in the face of general adversity, much was going on in New Haven's African American neighborhoods, progress was being made.
Today, schools, including faculty and administration, are integrated, New Haven's mayor and former superintendent of schools are African Americans, black churches and their clergy are major forces in community and city life, African Americans are prominent in the city's leading businesses, the political structure of New Haven is amply represented by blacks, and African Americans have assumed a visible role in nearly every phase of New Haven's life. When compared with the early days of the Colony and measured against the negative forces which have and still do exert themselves against the black Community, this change can certainly be termed progress.
(Other references which present the accomplishments of African American New Haveners of now and from the past are listed in my bibliography. )
Finally, in order to confirm and expand my pupils' awareness that similar positives still do exist, that progress is still being made, and they still can be part of a better New Haven, they will be asked to investigate their neighborhood as it is today, searching for these sustaining elements.
The pupils who attend my school came from a variety of neighborhoods. This hopefully will provide a variation in material gathered. If this variety of neighborhoods does not exist in another classroom using this unit, lessons will still be applicable and should yield positive results. Many of them have been designed to examine the city as a whole.
Besides the three lesson plans which I have spelled out in detail, activities will include formulating questions for interviews with family and friends, conducting these interviews, and reporting the results to the class; compiling oral history from an older friend, neighbor, or family member; gathering positive newspaper and magazine articles related to both New Haven in particular and cities in general; arranging presentations by members of community, religious, political, and/or social groups from the city; taking a field trip designed to view recent positive physical changes, or those in progress; reading and reacting to fictional stories and poetry about the city; writing "city" fiction and poetry, and finally looking at themselves to find the positives which they each are contributing or might contribute in the future.
Subject Matter Area Social Studies: Map Work
Vocabulary Compass rose, continent, colony
Despite years of exposure, I am constantly surprised that my pupils have so little awareness of basic geographic locations. I am equally amazed how quickly and eagerly most improve their ability to use and understand a map. As a result, I think it necessary at a very early point to establish the location of New Haven in relationship to Connecticut, the United States, North America, and the World. Otherwise I can easily imagine going through the entire unit and discovering some pupils still lacking this understanding. Also, since one of my main objectives is for pupils to see themselves as part of an historical whole, I think the same should be true of their ability to see their place in the larger geographical picture.
- Ability to recognize maps of early New Haven (1641 and 1748) and to identify changes in them.
- Understanding of the geographic relationship of New Haven to Connecticut, the United States, North America, and the World.
- Ability to map out a portion of some New Haven neighborhood.
The means of establishing an understanding of these geographical relationships is probably best left to the judgment of the individual teacher using the appropriate maps and activities suited to the particular class.
Once the understanding has been established, maps of New Haven Colony as part of Connecticut and those showing the physical lay-out of early New Haven will have more meaning to pupils. There are a number of copies of these early maps available, but the clearest that I have seen are found in Shunway and Hegel's "New Haven: An Illustrated History." There are three I would present for discussion as we cover the colony's beginning days: the Brockett map of 1641, the three separate geographic areas of 1656, and the plan of the town in 1748 including buildings.
I think that exact questions for discussion should grow from the individual teacher and his/her group's responses but should aim to highlight the physical plan and possible reasons it was chosen, the importance of the Green and what was placed upon it, how this area of the city appears to have changed in the first hundred years, and finally, ways in which this area has changed and/or is similar today.
I would then have the class map a portion of the area around the school. This would be done together under my guidance and would lead to an individual assignment in which each pupil would map a portion of her/his neighborhood including streets and structures in a manner similar to the 1748 map.
Depending on circumstances, an ambitious group might decide to map the area around the Green for comparison and discussion.
Subject Matter Area Social Studies
One way of discovering the positives occurring within the African American community throughout New Haven's history is to examine the contributions made by its various members. There are a variety of books and pamphlets (see bibliography) available which chronicle these accomplishments. Additional material may also be found at the African and New Haven Historical Societies.
- Increased knowledge and appreciation of contributions made by New Haven African Americans, past and present.
- Ability to compile and present biographical material on New Haven African Americans, past and present.
Towards the unit's conclusion, when pupils have a fairly clear picture of the historical past, I would ask each pupil to research two or three African Americans who have played a note-worthy role in New Haven's history. It seems best to have pupils make their own selections if possible. After a few days of preparation, with the appropriate guidance, the material gathered on each individual would be presented as a report to the entire class with follow-up discussion as needed. It is important that pupils are clear where each person falls chronologically in the city's history.
As an example of how such an investigation should enhance pupils' understanding of related historical events while at the same time helping to establish a feeling of pride in the accomplishments of African Americans from the past, I shall briefly examine the life of Edward Bouchet, illustrating how these goals might be achieved.
Born in 1852, Edward Bouchet was to become the first African American to earn a Ph.D. degree in the United States. Edward's father had come to New Haven in 1824 as the servant of John B. Robertsen, of Charleston, South Carolina, who was entering his freshman year at Yale. The elder Bouchet remained in New Haven when Edward was born.
Edward's first school experiences were at Sally Wilson's Artisan Street Colored School, one of the primary-level "colored schools" which were first established in 1811. These were charity schools which also received special allotments from state funds. They were privately operated, primarily by women reformers. It was not until 1869 that the Board of Education incorporated African American students into the New Haven Public School System.
Despite the generally inadequate physical conditions and rudimentary curriculum existing in these "colored schools", Bouchet then entered and graduated from Hopkins Grammar School, before enrolling at Yale, five years after the Civil War's end. These achievements were made despite the fact that the War had not brought much improvement to the everyday life of New Haven African Americans.
At Yale, Bouchet became a member of Phi Beta Kappa and eventually the college's first Black graduate. He went on to graduate school, where he studied science and in 1876 became the first African American to receive a Ph.D. in the United States. Most of his life was devoted to improving education in Philadelphia and working as a dedicated member of the N.A.A.C.P. In 1918, he died in his home on Bradley Street and was buried in Evergreen Cemetery.
This information was taken primarily from the works of Shumway and Osterweis but is touched upon in most histories of New Haven. Shumway's text contains an excellent photograph, and "New Haven's Afro-American Heritage" pictures one of the early "colored schools." (See bibliography.)
As should be apparent, an examination of Bouchet's life by pupils not only reveals the individual accomplishments and triumphs of this man, but also places them in their historical setting, making both more meaningful to pupils. Further development might include an investigation of Mary Goodman, the African American woman who, while Bouchet was a student at Yale, left her property to establish a scholarship for black students in the Yale Divinity School.
Below, I am including a short list of suggested people from the many possible subjects, together with a very brief statement on some aspect of each person's contributions.
After these reports have been presented, I would then ask pupils to research at least one African American who is living in New Haven but who has not gained the same prominence as those just studied but whom the pupil considers a positive, contributing member of our city. Subjects might be relatives, family friends, neighbors, church members or people connected with the schools. The results of this research would be presented in the same manner. I would encourage the use of interviews, tapings, photographs, or even a visit by the individual being researched.
When all reporting is completed, subjects should be placed chronologically into categories based upon the area of their contributions. (For some individuals there will be more than one.) The list could be expanded to include other individuals whose accomplishments are known. Categories might vary some but should include politics, education, civic leadership, economic development, religion, and sports. In this way, pupils should be able to more clearly see the variety and range of African American contributions throughout New Haven's history. Hopefully the inclusion of people with whom pupils are personally familiar will demonstrate the existence of positives on a more intimate level, encouraging positives in the pupil him/herself.
- Bristol Baker: Slave and Revolutionary soldier.
- Edward Bouchet: First black graduate of Yale.
- Mary Goodman: Established scholarship for black students of Yale Divinity School.
- George Williamson Crawford: First black corporation counsel for New Haven.
- Levi Jackson: First African American captain of Yale football team.
- Constance Baker Motley: Judge and politician.
- Laura Belle McCoy: First African American woman on the Board of Aldermen.
- Earnest Saunders: Civil engineer. Founded Connecticut African American Society.
- Ella Scantlebury: First African American and first woman City Treasurer.
- Helene Grant: Teacher and civic leader.
- Hannah Gray: Established hame for "indigent colored families."
- Leo Clark, Sr.: Founded house and window cleaning service in 30's.
- Rufus Greenlee: Vaudeville dancer; opened Monterey Club famous in40's and 50's for jazz performances.
- John Dow: First African American Superintendent of Schools.
- John Daniels: City's first African American Mayor.
- Susan Lincoln: Dean of Students, South Central Community College.
- Henry Parker: State Treasurer; politician.
- Edwin Edmonds: Prominent clergyman and Board of Education member.
Subject Matter Area Readings Language Arts
"Thank You, M'am"
Willow-wild, daybed, gas plate, latching onto, barren, stoop
"Hard But Soft"
Ability to recognize the existence of positives in what many would initially view as negative city setting, populated by potential criminals.
In the course of discussing the problems encountered by African Americans during the more recent history of New Haven, there should be ample opportunity for pupils to share some of the negatives which they have experienced or observed in their city or neighborhood. Though during such discussions, on the surface there is often an appearance of admiration for the rebellious and bold, someone who will go against the system, even if the rebellion is unlawful, there is also a deeper hint of shame and desire to disassociate from the negatives being discussed. While all of these feelings are understandable, they do little to foster understanding of people and events or to help to develop a positive feeling towards one's city, neighborhood, and self.
- Ability to express through a short story or poem some thoughts motivated by either or both of these works.
Hopefully some of the historical background presented in this unit will serve to explain some of the influencing forces which often motivate an individual caught among the pressures of an urban setting. This background should enable pupils to better understand, though not always accept, the negative behavior they often see or participate in.
In examining the poem and short story which I suggest, they will be encouraged to look beneath the surface to discover possible motivation and to recognize the existence of any positives. Armed with a historical background and experiences gained through the examination and discussion of poetry and prose related to city experiences, pupils then may find another way of finding positives in similar individuals and settings in their own lives. There is a wide variety of selections the teacher may choose from. I have selected two from the many to illustrate my approach.
"Hard But Soft" is a short poem found in "I Heard a Scream in the Street: Poetry by Young People in the City." It was written by William Barbour, Jr. of New York City. It tells of six "Negro" boys brashly walking down the street; three curse, and three hold a knife in hand. An old woman in the path of a car with failed brakes cannot be saved by the dashing boys. Like the human beings they are, the boys cry.
"Thank You, M'am", a short story by Langston Hughes, introduces us to a less than capable, slightly frightened purse snatcher named Roger and his imposing, yet compassionate victim, Mrs. Luella Bates Washington Jones. After easily subduing her attacker, Mrs. Jones deals with Roger with an honesty and caring that leaves him completely disarmed. In parting, she gives him ten dollars for the blue suede shoes which were the motivation for his attempted robbery. Overwhelmed by her treatment of him, Roger is unable to express his feelings, and they part without a "Thank you, m'am".
Both pieces suggest a variety of topics for discussion and/or written response. The following are some possibilities. where do you think the six boys were going? Give them names, and tell us something about each boy. Bring out their strengths and weaknesses. Why were they acting so tough? Who was the old woman? Why did they try to save her? Did the accident have any long-range effect on the boys? Do you know people who act like the boys? Why do they act that way? Have you ever acted that way? Why? Was Roger like the six boys? Would he have tried to save the old woman? Why did Mrs. Jones take him home? Tell us what her life is and has been like. Do the same for Roger. Why did she admit she was ashamed of some of the things she had done? Why did she give him money for the shoes? What does "shoes got by devilish means will burn your feet" mean? Is that saying true? What would Roger say if he could express what he was feeling? Do you know anyone like Roger or Mrs. Jones? Will Roger ever see Mrs. Jones again? Might what she did have any effect upon his life?"
These questions and others which these pieces might suggest should lead pupils beyond an analysis of the characters and events discussed. Hopefully, they will search for motivation, for circumstances which influence others and themselves.
After reading and discussing both works, a follow-up written assignment is recommended. Any of the more provoking of the above suggestions could be used, or pupils might write a continuation of either work, developing another situation involving the established characters. Sharing the results would be a positive conclusion to this lesson. These activities might take more than one session depending upon the teacher's judgment.
Two examples of hymns which reflect the influence of religion upon the early development of New Haven.
Psalm IXV: Thy praise alone. Tune: York
At the opening of the first College bidding erected in New Haven, in 1718, the congregation united in singing this psalm in Sternhold and Hopkins's version.
- Thy praise alone, o Lord, doth reign
- In Sion thine own hill:
- Their vows to thee they do maintain,
- And evermore fulfill.
- Of thy great justice hear, O God,
- our health of thee doth rise:
- The hope of all the earth abroad,
- And the sea-coasts likewise.
- With strength thou art beset about,
- And compast with thy pow'r:
- Thou mak'st the mountains strong and stout,
- To stand in ev'ry show'r.
- The folk that dwell thro'out the earth
- Shall dread thy signs to see:
- Which morn and evening with great mirth
- Send praises up to thee.
Hymn: O god, Beneath thy guiding hand. Tune: Duke Street
These wards were written by The Reverend Leonard Bacon, B.A. 1820, minister of the First Church of New Haven from 1825 to 1881 and Member of the Yale faculty and of the Corporation, to mark New Haven's Bicentennial in 1838.
- O God, beneath thy guiding hand,
- Our exiled fathers crossed the sea;
- And when they trod the wintry strand,
- With prayer and psalm they worshipped Thee.
- Thou heard'st, well pleased, the song, the prayer:
- Thy blessing came; and still its power
- Shall onward, through all ages, bear
- The mem'ry of that holy hour.
- Laws, freedom, truth, and faith in God
- Came with those exiles o'er the waves;
- And where their pilgrim feet have trod,
- The God they trusted guards their graves.
- And here thy name, o God of love,
- Their children's children shall adore,
- Till these eternal hills remove,
- And spring adorns the earth no more.
Bingham, Michael. "New Haven, The Official Guide to New Haven's 350th Birthday Celebration." New Haven: New Haven Advocate, 1988.Interesting articles and pictures from a number of points in New Haven's history.
Fraser, Bruce. "The Land of Steady Habits: A Brief History of Connecticut." Hartford: Connecticut Historical Commission, 1988. Main focus is on Connecticut with little mention of blacks. Some interesting pictures and sketches.
Gutman, Herbert G. "The Black Family in Slavery and Freedom; 1750-1925." New York: Vintage Books, 1976. Mainly of value for material on migration of African Americans to the North.
Hughes, Langston. "The Best Short Stories of Negro Writers." New York: Little Brown, 1967. Collection of short including "Thank You, M'am". See lesson plans.
Larrick, Nancy. "I Heard A Scream in the Street: Poetry by Young People in the City." New York: Dell, 1970. Pertinent poems. See lesson plans.
Osterweis, Rollin G. "Three Centuries of New Haven. 1638-1938." New Haven: Yale University Press, 1953. Valuable examination of the first three hundred years of New Haven history.
Randall, Dudley. "The Black Poets." New York: Bantam Books, 1971. Examines African American poetry from times of slavery through the 60's. Same poems are relevant to this unit. Some are not suitable for this grade level without modification.
Roth, David M. "Connecticut History and Culture: An Historical Overview and Resource Guide for Teachers." Hartford: Connecticut Historical Commission, 1985. Contains a section on African American history, much of which is pertinent to New Haven.
Saunders, Ernest. "The Autobiography of a Dual American." New Haven: Advocate Press, 1979. Interesting personal account of African American New Havener's struggle for success.
Saunders, Ernest. "Blacks in the Connecticut National Guard: A Pictorial and Chronological History. 1870-1919." New Haven: New Haven Afro-American Historical Society, 1977. Most sections would be best read or interpreted by the teacher. Contains excellent photographs.
Shumway, Floyd and Hegel, Richard. "New Haven: An Illustrated History." Windsor Publications, 1987. Interesting text. Excellent maps and thought provoking pictures.
Stewart, Daniel. "Black New Haven. 1920-1977." New Haven: Advocate Press, 1977. Presents a picture of African American lives in New Haven from 1920's until the late 70's. Discusses a number of prominent black New Haveners.
Stewart, Daniel. "Black Women in Greater New Haven." New Haven:Southern New England Telephone, 1986. Information on many African American women, past and present.
White, David. "Heroes: A Look at Black History in Connecticut." New Haven: Southern New England Telephone, 1986. Bristol Baker is the only New Havener mentioned in this short pamphlet.
———. "New Haven's Afro-American Heritage." New Haven:New Haven Preservation Trust. Small but excellent brochure containing information and pictures of historic structures and individuals from New Haven's African American past
Fraser, Bruce. "The Land of Steady Habits: A Brief History of Connecticut." Hartford: Connecticut Historical Commission, 1988. Main focus is on Connecticut with little mention of blacks. Some interesting pictures and sketches.
Gutman, Herbert G. "The Black Family in Slavery and Freedom; 1750-1925." New York: Vintage Books, 1976. Mainly of value for material on migration of African Americans to the North.
Hughes, Langston. "The Best Short Stories of Negro Writers." New York: Little Brown, 1967. Collection of short including "Thank You, M'am". See lesson plans.
Larrick, Nancy. "I Heard A Scream in the Street: Poetry by Young People in the City." New York: Dell, 1970. Pertinent poems. See lesson plans.
Osterweis, Rollin G. "Three Centuries of New Haven. 1638-1938." New Haven: Yale University Press, 1953. Valuable examination of the first three hundred years of New Haven history.
Randall, Dudley. "The Black Poets." New York: Bantam Books, 1971. Examines African American poetry from times of slavery through the 60's. Same poems are relevant to this unit. Some are not suitable for this grade level without modification.
Roth, David M. "Connecticut History and Culture: An Historical Overview and Resource Guide for Teachers." Hartford: Connecticut Historical Commission, 1985. Contains a section on African American history, much of which is pertinent to New Haven.
Saunders, Ernest. "The Autobiography of a Dual American." New Haven: Advocate Press, 1979. Interesting personal account of African American New Havener's struggle for success.
Saunders, Ernest. "Blacks in the Connecticut National Guard: A Pictorial and Chronological History. 1870-1919." New Haven: New Haven Afro-American Historical Society, 1977. Most sections would be best read or interpreted by the teacher. Contains excellent photographs.
Shumway, Floyd and Hegel, Richard. "New Haven: An Illustrated History." Windsor Publications, 1987. Interesting text. Excellent maps and thought provoking pictures.
Stewart, Daniel. "Black New Haven. 1920-1977." New Haven: Advocate Press, 1977. Presents a picture of African American lives in New Haven from 1920's until the late 70's. Discusses a number of prominent black New Haveners.
Stewart, Daniel. "Black Women in Greater New Haven." New Haven:Southern New England Telephone, 1986. Information on many African American women, past and present.
White, David. "Heroes: A Look at Black History in Connecticut." New Haven: Southern New England Telephone, 1986. Bristol Baker is the only New Havener mentioned in this short pamphlet.
———. "New Haven's Afro-American Heritage." New Haven:New Haven Preservation Trust. Small but excellent brochure containing information and pictures of historic structures and individuals from New Haven's African American past
Contents of 1992 Volume III | Directory of Volumes | Index | Yale-New Haven Teachers Institute


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Snow event?
As I watched the snow fall gently from London skies on Sunday night, I asked an acquaintance if I would have to go to work the next day.
My Canadian "snow radar" — fine-tuned from living in the snowy cities of Toronto, Ottawa and Halifax — was telling me that there wasn't going to be much accumulation, but given the regular daily London transit delays in fair weather during the rush hour, I had a gleeful feeling a "snow day" might be in store.
"If the snow is 3-feet deep you might get away with it," said my acquaintance, who commutes in and out of London from the Southwest each day.
I awoke the next day to discover that he was wrong.
Almost the entire Tube system was shut, buses cancelled and within a few hours Heathrow, the world's busiest international airport, had closed, although there was nowhere near 3 feet of snow.
The heaviest snow fell in southern England. Epsom, Surrey, had depths of 31 centimetres (12 inches), south London had 28 cm and the North Downs in Kent got 25 cm.
Where I live in southwest London, it looked like the snow was about 15 cm deep.
(Can you tell I am trying not to smirk as I write?)
That amount of snow would be noticed in a Canadian city – but barely. It would take much more than that to put the brakes on the engines of capitalism.
Some years ago in Toronto, so much snow accumulated so quickly that former Mayor Mel Lastman called in the army to help dig out in a frantic effort to keep the city operating. This action left Toronto open to the ridicule of the rest of the country, which in general sees much more annual snowfall.
I lived in Washington, D.C., for four years and witnessed that city shut down due to a few inches of snow several times. President Obama, who moved there from Chicago in January, mocked the city last week for its panic over a day and night of snow and freezing rain, which led to school closures.
The storm in London this week cost the UK economy up to 3.5 billion pounds ($5 billion) according to Britain's Federation of Small Businesses.
Even my British relations expressed disgust at the transit closures.
An aunt near Maidstone, Kent, said: "It's typically British."
A cousin in Paignton, Devon, said: "I'm sorry, I just don't believe it."
Their attitude seemed to be that people were just looking for an excuse to take the day off.
And why not? Given that it was the worst snow here in almost 20 years, I think it does call for a holiday. I certainly enjoyed my two days working from my studio flat.
"What are you doing at home? You are used to worse than this," a Canadian colleague asked. I've never had a day off work due to snow in Canada.
"When in Rome, do as the Romans do," I replied.
Looking forward to the possibility of more snow . . .
We welcome comments that advance the story through relevant opinion, anecdotes, links and data. If you see a comment that you believe is irrelevant or inappropriate, you can flag it to our editors by using the report abuse links. Views expressed in the comments do not represent those of Reuters. For more information on our comment policy, see http://blogs.reuters.com/fulldisclosure/2010/09/27/toward-a-more-thoughtful-conversation-on-stories/
London transit system sounds as sissy-ish as Vancouver's! Nice to milk it though and enjoy the snow rather than battling it.
In England I gather the policy from citizens is.
The govenment is to blame for every thing when it comes to Winter.
They have not gritted the roads, not salted them.
It,s a safety issue not to go to schools .
What happened to making provisions YOURSELF.
THIS does,not happen in North America, Canada, Scandinavia, Russia, Etc.
Tires mainly are the answer.
And Not the Government for Loss in the Economic Earnings.
Nothing like a snow day to add an element of good cheer and banish the midwinter blues. Enjoy the snow and the festive break it brings – it'll be back to the grind soon enough.
Thanks for sharing thoughts from the "big snow." I remember snow days growing up in New York … but schools wouldn't close until it was at least a foot high. Maybe in LA we can take "earthquake days"
Stay warm!
hey great to hear you had snow…what a whacky season huh ..we have had our fair share here in halifax..keep in touch and how do you like living in london give more details..take care ronalda
I am from the U.S. in theory…New York…This is not much snow to closed everything down.

subset: commoncrawl


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£75, florislondon.com
First created in the 18th century, Floris Limes was intended to help sweeten the stink of living in an overpopulated city. Some would say that's still relevant today, making this a classic that hasn't dated. The heart of the fragrance is made from refreshing and invigorating limes and given longevity and strength with a little musk.
£61, theperfumeshop.com
Eros, a new fragrance from Versace, can't promise to turn you into a god of love but there's no harm trying. This flamboyant scent is a mix of mint, apple, lemon and cederwood.
£70, czechandspeake.com
This uplifting scent was inspired by an original 18th-century formula allegedly made for Napoleon Bonaparte. Citrus fragrances usually lack depth but not this one; it's given kick and heat by the addition of ylang ylang.
£42, burberry.com
This fragrance is released as a limited edition in anticipation of the coming summer. At its heart there's thyme and, as with all spring fragrances, uplifting notes of citrus. Coming in an eye catching aquamarine bottle it's a welcome addition to the already existing successful Burberry fragrances.
£76, esteelauder.co.uk
As you'll all know, intuition is a very personal thing, something you grow to trust. This Estée Lauder fragrance supposedly captures this magical ingredient in a bottle. Whether that's true is up for debate but it does smell amazing. Based around the resin amber, this is a fragrance with warmth and strength.
£155, boots.com
The amber backbone of this Tom Ford fragrance is lifted by the orange blossom, making it a vibrant everyday unisex scent. You only need a small dab of this and you're taken to the Italian Rivera.
£85, diptyqueparis.co.uk
There are some fragrance fanatics who change their scent as often as their mood. If you want to lighten your mood then this lively fragrance from Diptyque is perfect. And it does have quite a fancy name for such a simple smelling scent. Despite its simplicity it doesn't lack power; citrus mixed with geranium gives over to mellowness because of a healthy splash of musk.
8. Dries van Noten for Frederic Malle
£155, liberty.co.uk
How do you translate the world of Dries Van Noten into a scent? Ask the excellent perfumier Frederic Malle of course. Malle took inspiration from the designer's Flemish roots; sandalwood is at the heart of the scent reflecting the designer's warmth. The addition of Jasmine and vanilla makes for a heady mix.
£60, boots.com
This is a modern-smelling fragrance mixing bergamot and violet, creating a powerful but still very light smell. It's an all-rounder of a scent that can be worn either in the day or the evening.
£39, boots.com
Another limited-edition release for 2013, this comes in a striking blue bottle reminiscent of sun and blue skies. But you don't have to wait for the blue-sky reality; indulge your senses now with mandarin, grapefruit and pepper.
- More about:
- Apple (fruit)
- Perfume


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By Ravi Balakrishnan and Juan Solé
(Version in Español)
Last month's report on U.S. jobs was disappointing, with far fewer jobs than expected added in March. A longer-term look at trends yields a different picture, however. Over the past year, U.S. job creation has been impressive. Payroll gains have averaged 260,000 per month—well above the 160,000 monthly average seen throughout the 2010–13 recovery.
Filed under: Advanced Economies, Economic Crisis, Economic outlook, Economic research, Employment, Financial Crisis, Government, growth, IMF, International Monetary Fund, unemployment | Tagged: Great Recession, human capital, immigration, job creation, labor force, Macroeconomic policies, reform, U.S., U.S. Fed, unemployment, United States | Leave a comment »


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Teams prepare for robotics
With a deadline looming, area high schoolers have been busy tweaking and testing their robots.
Warren G. Harding, Girard and Champion high schools in Trumbull County and Austintown Fitch, Canfield, Chaney and Youngstown in Mahoning County are set for the start next month of the 2013 robotic competition season.
Part of the FIRST (For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology) competition, the task this year requires each robot to throw a disc a certain distance and height into a goal to earn points. The robot must also climb a pyramid structure and hold itself up off the ground earning 10, 20 and 30 points based on how high the robot climbs.
This year's challenge is dubbed "Ultimate Ascent" and the deadline to complete the robots is today.
In Girard, retired school superintendent Joe Jeswald is among the coaches helping the students.
He said that over the years the robotics program has inspired students to enter careers in engineering.
The Girard RoboCats is marking its 14th year of competing with 40 students on the team. The first regional event for them is March 21.
Sam Horn, a Girard senior, said getting the robot to climb has been the most challenging task. He said the robot has a set of hooks attached to arms that help to pull it up.
Teacher and adviser Ashraf Hadi said getting the robot to climb "has been one of the hardest tasks the robot has ever taken on."
Hadi said he is sure the team will do well and they "intend to get to the top level and earn all points."
Nick DiFabio, a retired General Motors employee and a volunteer, said that every year the students get a lot of experience building and programming the robot to meet the specifications.
The Champion Flashes Lightning Bots is marking its seventh year of competing.
The team started building on the first Saturday in January and has been meeting after school daily and on weekends.
Samantha Young, a senior at Champion, said the team has been through a lot of trial and error.
Delphi Packard employees have volunteered their time as adviser as well as Champion alumni who provide guidance.
Brandon Bosley, a senior, said there are 35 team members, including foreign exchange student Andreas Krainer from Austria.
The team will be competing March 28 in Cleveland at the Buckeye Regional event, and April 3 and 4 at the Midwest Regionals. The national championships are held April 22 in St. Louis.
Bosley and David Sypert, robot team captain, said the team has been successful in past years making it to events in Cleveland, New York and New Hampshire,
"We have been to Cleveland every year," Bosley said.
To raise money for the competition, the team is hosting a "Are You Smarter than Robotics Team Member" challenge at 6 p.m. March 1 at Champion High School auditorium. Guests include Miss Ohio Elissa McCracken and local officials competing. Cost is $4 for students and $6 for non-students
Harding High School's team also has been busy the past six weeks.
Last year's Harding team, Delphi E.L.I.T.E. Team, took first place regional finishes in Pittsburgh and Wisconsin, and an overall 41-11 competition record at three regional events, and placed in the top eight in their division in the World Championship in St. Louis.
Delphi has served as the corporate sponsor for the Harding team since its inception 16 years ago, including the 1999 national championship year.
Retired teacher Greg Christman is their team coach / adviser.


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First Lutheran Church, Marshall
Is Angelology even a world?
If it is, it could mean the study of angels. The month of February finds us about half way between Christmas and Easter. At Christmas, we hear the angel in the gospel of Luke saying not to be afraid and that good news and joy are the message of this holy messenger. At the resurrection account in John, we hear a question from one of the two angels sitting where Jesus had been lying in the grave and the angel asks a question of Mary. (No answer from this angel - just a question about her tears.)
I have not studied angels formally but have heard these and other scripture references to biblical angels or angel-like appearances all of my life. I have done a significant amount of commuting for nearly 17 years and someone thought I should have this pin for the visor in my car which reads, "Don't drive faster than your guardian angel can fly." Probably good advice for us all, so maybe cruise control and guardian angels have something in common.
On Saturday and Sunday, Feb. 18, and 19, at First Lutheran, Marshall, all are welcome to come hear Scott Gottschalk preach and teach on his significant encounters with death (27 at least) and how he speaks of God's protection through angels and other life-giving protection from God.
Two of my favorite movies (entertainment, not "angelology") are "Michael" with John Travolta as an angel and "City of Angels" with Nicholas Cage as an angel. They are entertainment, but they do give the message about human life and our relationship with God and how angels may or may not be able to impact that relationship.
So in this inbetween time of February, I invite you to hear the words of the Luke angel who says don't be afraid and to hear the message of good news and great joy for all people. Peace to you for the journey.


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The top 10 operators in the new Global 100 ranking include a name from Latin America for the first time.
America Movil's recent endeavours to build up its business both at home in Mexico and int he Latin American region as a whole have pushed it up to number nine in the rankings, up from 15th place in both 2010 and 2009. And with lofty ambitions to do more, the mobile operator group could mount a credible challenge for a higher placing in coming years.
The telco added more than €15 billion to its revenues in 2010, recording a turnover of €36.75 billion, in no small part due to the consolidation of fixed-line operator Telmex into its results from 1 July 2010. America Movil is currently in the process of acquiring the 40% of Telmex it does not already own. It has also recorded strong growth in key markets, particularly its Mexican wireless business and its Brazilian operation, which each contributed more than 25% to turnover.
America Movil has ambitious growth plans, insisting in its most recent 20-F report that it aims to build on its position, and crucially its subscriber base, in Latin America and the Caribbean, "both by developing our existing businesses and by making strategic acquisitions when opportunities arise."
However, the operator's strategy has triggered some concerns that it might sacrifice profitability for growth. America Movil CFO Carlos Garcia Moreno Elizondo told analysts on a conference call on its Q2 results in July that the company will keep a close eye on EBITDA, but that it will prioritise growth. "We have been always careful on EBITDA, but I think what we need to do is to take advantage of the growth in Latin America," he said.
America Movil's recent growth puts in touching distance of some of the biggest operators in the industry: for example, it sits just one place - and less than €9 billion in revenues - behind France Telecom, which has staked its claim to... <download document>
The unmissable 2011 Global 100 Operators report is now available, the definitive ranking of the world's largest telecoms network operators. Download the report for:Mary Lennighan's commentary on this years figuresRanking by Revenue figures for the top 100 operatorsA look at the top 100 operators ranked by profitsAnalyst viewpoint: Ernst & Young, looks at the challenges facing the telecoms sector during an unprecedented period of transformationThe full 2011 Global 100 table, including revenues and profits shown in both euros and local reporting currencies, and reporting periodsTable: CEOs and employeesThe people at the helm of the world's biggest telecoms companies and the number of employees working under themReturn on revenues: A measure of profitability, calculated as net income divided by revenuesExplanations and clarifications on how the Global 100 is compiled
Want more detail or data you can manipulate? Buy the Global 100 datasets 2009 - 2011
Rogers CEO Guy Laurence heads for the exit
Vodafone reveals NB-IoT rollout plan
T-Mobile Netherlands to beat Vodafone to world's first NB-IoT launch
Softbank sets up venture capital fund
Global G.fast connections to reach 29m by 2021
Orange launches €50 VR headset
Liberty Global to acquire Multimedia Polska for €694m
Telstra nears Gigabit LTE launch
China Mobile nine-month profit rises on 4G customer growth
Vodafone Egypt, Etisalat acquire 4G licences
Brazil propels Vivendi, America Movil up VoIP ranking
America Movil seen posting steady Q3 revenue growth, lower net
Brazil aims for 1bn mobile connections by 2022
GPON certification to fuel superfast broadband
Friday Review: It's getting hot in here...
America Movil Q3 net drops on exchange losses
Brazil president signs new pay TV bill into law
Friday Review: Weekend whinge


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John Austin
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this wiki
|John Austin
|Gredenko's man
John Austin is an actor who played one of Dmitri Gredenko's henchmen in Day 6: 8:00pm-9:00pm. He was in the seat behind Gredenko when they were driving to 8613 Bianca Drive.
Austin is a regular TV background artist, and has appeared in several episodes of Star Trek.
24 creditsEdit
- "Day 6: 8:00pm-9:00pm" (uncredited)
- Webcast Diaries - in the "background talent" diary, there is a shot of a noticeboard with the actors playing Gredenko's men on it. Austin's picture is there, along with Zoli Dora, Gregory Klein, David Brickman and others.


text:
The winter collection
21 May 2013
A visit to the Arctic Council meeting in Kiruna during last week showed that international diplomacy can be cool, sort of.
When politicians try to look relaxed they often end up looking like idiots. Picture the starch-stiff US presidential candidate trying to enjoy a beer, the British opposition leader flying down a rollercoaster wearing a…


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Today's hours: 9:30 a.m. to 4 p.m.
Three U.S. zoos announced a new agreement with Borneo-based wildlife organizations today to protect the endangered Borneo pygmy elephant.
Donald E. Moore, Ph.D. — a senior scientist at the Smithsonian's National Zoo with nearly 40 years of experience in wildlife conservation, animal welfare and zoo...
Read More
Back by popular demand, museums and attractions in the Portland metro area have teamed up to offer a reciprocal membership program in 2016.
A look back at of some of 2015's most memorable Oregon Zoo images.
Recalling the year's welfare advances, wildlife victories and awww-inspiring moments.


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This program will include a very brief review of the basic elements of a workers' comp claim and types of settlements of them: Compromise and Release, Stipulated Awards with future medical treatment, Third Party Compromise and Release.
What are the different interests and principles at stake?
Please join the ADR and Trial Practice Sections for this brown bag event


text:
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North Carolina's largest city, Charlotte, is considered to be a fun city based on the number of sports teams, entertainment venues, restaurants, live performances, toy stores and other recreational activities available. Pulte residents in Charlotte enjoy a mild climate for year-round golf and other outdoor activities. Charlotte is home to many Fortune 1000 companies and is the second largest banking center in the US, offering excellent employment opportunities. Known as one of the most visitor-friendly areas, Charlotte is nicknamed the "Queen City" in honor of Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, queen consort of King George III before the city was founded. Pulte communities are located in desirable school districts with easy access to top-notch entertainment, dining and shopping opportunities as well as other recreational activities.
Pulte Homes in The Charlotte Area
Pulte Homes offers Life Tested® home designs that ensure a smarter, more practical use of space where you spend the most time. Our homes include the high-quality energy-efficient features that our homeowners tell us matter most. These are some of the features that are available to you, depending on where you choose to live.
- Owner's Retreat
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- Conveniently located 2nd floor laundry
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- Pulte Planning Center™ provides space to manage your busy home life
- Everyday Entry™ allows for storage and reduces clutter at the most-used entrance of the home
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- High efficiency low-emissivity windows
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- Expanded pathway through the most-used entrance in the home
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Pulte Planning Center®
- Unique space to manage your busy home life and stay organized
- Room near the main living area of the home, typically located off the kitchen
Life Tested® Living Spaces
- Open, functional living areas ideal for entertaining and everyday life
- No wasted space typically found in older homes
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Oversized Pantry
- More storage space for your bulk groceries means room to stock up on items you use most
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- Leisure space off the bedroom that accommodates different morning and evening routines
- Check email, watch the news or get dressed without disturbing your spouse
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- Functional space dedicated to laundry, from presoaking to washing, drying and folding
- Helps keep laundry out of high-traffic areas in your home
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- Bigger secondary bathroom to accommodate multiple people doing different things.
- Two sinks with large countertop space.
- Optional privacy door to toilet and tub.
- Extra storage space.
Where We Build Near The Charlotte Area
Whether you're looking for leading schools, art, music, dining, shopping, sports, nature or family fun, the Queen City of Charlotte has it all. Pulte Home communities in Charlotte offer innovative home designs, quality new home construction, and access to superior amenities, in locations that are exactly where you want to be.
Pulte Homes is proud to build new homes and communities in one of the towns listed among Forbes Magazine's "Best Places to Move". Located just outside of Charlotte, Huntersville boasts 24 parks and recreational facilities, an extensive greenway and trail system, and a location along the shoreline of Lake Norman. Find your perfect Life-Tested® Pulte floorplan design, and let us build your new home in Huntersville.
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Pulte Homes offers new Life-Tested® home designs in Marvin, just outside of Charlotte. Discover Pulte's quality construction in this charming small town with rustic appeal, top-notch schools, and low Union County taxes. It's easy to see why Marvin has been voted the best place to live in North Carolina.
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Also known as Race City USA, Mooresville, NC, just outside of Charlotte, is home to NASCAR race shops, top-notch schools, and abundant recreation at nearby Lake Norman--just minutes away. Find your perfect Life-Tested® Pulte floorplan design in Mooresville, and live exactly where you want to be.
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Build your new home in Waxhaw and enjoy the best of small town charm and the big city convenience of Charlotte, only minutes away. Known for excellent schools,beautiful surroundings, and a personality of its own, Waxhaw is a great place to raise a family. Discover innovative home designs, and an unsurpassed commitment to quality at any of our Pulte Home communities in Waxhaw, and find the perfect home to fit your lifestyle.
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Located southeast of Charlotte, the rapidly-growing town of Weddington is known for its charming surroundings, highly ranked schools and low Union County taxes. Find your perfect Life-Tested® Pulte Homes floorplan design here and live exactly where you want to be.
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Things to Do
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Revel Resort just launched their brand new players lounge, Premiere Lounge, which they describe as a private oasis that will welcome players looking to unwind away from the action and offer an extensive selection of food and beverage.
The opening of this VIP lounge also coincides with the introduction of their new loyalty card that boasts a simple and easy to understand program where tier points are earned faster with all new member benefits.
According to Revel's COO & President, Scott Kreeger, all these things are coming together as a chain of improvements that are catering to the gambling public. He adds, "The proof is in the pudding".
Having a great track record with their entertainment, nightlife, spa and other leisure activities, Revel is now enhancing the experience for the gaming customer as well. Kreeger is proud to say that with most businesses, they need to have a niche and can't be everything to everyone, but he feels that with a place like Revel Resort you can cater to everyone and do it successfully.
With that said, make sure to head over to revel and pick up your new players card. There are four different tiers: Blu, Gold, Platinum and Black all with special offers, discounts, events and perks so get yours today!


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The Midwest League home runs of Wladimir Balentien
Wladimir Balentien played for the Wisconsin Timber Rattlers in 2004. He hit 15 home runs in 76 games between April 8 and July 31 for the Rattlers that season.
As of Wednesday, he has 55 home runs this season for the Tokyo Yakult Swallows. That total ties him for the single season record for home runs in Japan.
Balentien sent a fastball deep to right in the sixth for his 55th home run of the season which tied the NPB single-season record held by [Sadaharu] Oh, Tuffy Rhodes and Alex Cabrera during the Tokyo Yakult Swallows' 6-2 loss to the Carp on Wednesday at Jingu Stadium.
"It's a great feeling," Balentien said. "It's something that was a long time coming. To get it done at this point, with a chance to get some more with so many games left and to hit at Jingu, to hit it to right field where the fans are, I couldn't ask for anything better than that."
Balentien moved into rarefied air, joining Japanese baseball great Oh, who first set the current record in 1964, Rhodes (2001) and Cabrera (2002) as the only players to hit 55 home runs in a single season.
"It's a special feeling," Balentien said. "I never imagined myself in that situation with all those great players, legendary players. To get my name on that list, only 29 years old, that's something very special."
I thought today would be a good day to look back at each of his 15 home runs with the Timber Rattlers in 2004.
#1 April 13 @ Burlington – Top of the 4th inning off Ambiorix Burgos. A solo home run with two outs that put the Rattlers up 2-0. Wisconsin would win the game 5-3. Wisconsin had been no-hit one night earlier by the Bees duo of Dustin Hughes and Jake Mullis.
#2 May 15 vs. Cedar Rapids – Bottom of the 7th inning off Aaron Pullin. A two-run homer with one out. The Rattlers were down 8-0 when Balentien hit this home run. He didn't homer between April 13 and April 30. Then, he went on the disabled list. He appeared as a defensive replacement in the game on May 14. The homer on May 15 was in his third at bat during his first full game off the DL.
#3 May 17 vs. Cedar Rapids – Bottom of the 2nd inning off Chris Hunter. A solo homer with one out. This one put the Timber Rattlers up 4-0.
#4 May 17 vs. Cedar Rapids – Bottom of the 8th inning off Allen Buckley. A three-run homer with two outs. His second home run of the game gave the Rattlers an 8-3 lead. Cedar Rapids had pulled to within 5-3 on a three-run home run by Matt Brown in the top of the eighth.
#5 May 22 vs. West Michigan – Bottom of the 2nd inning off Jordan Tata. A three-run homer with two outs. This home run tied the game 3-3.
#6 June 2 @ Lansing – Top of the 4th inning off Randy Wells. A solo home run with two outs. Balentien's blast put the Rattlers up 4-0.
#7 June 4 @ Lansing – Top of the 9th inning off Adalberto Mendez. A two-run homer with two outs. This homer allowed the Rattlers to avoid a shutout, but the Rattlers still lost 7-2.
#8 June 17 @ Dayton – Top of the 6th inning off Josh Thigpen. A grand slam with no outs. This bases loaded tater gave the Rattlers a 9-1 lead. The Rattlers would win this game 15-14….in nine innings…and needed to score three runs in the top of the ninth to come back from a 14-12 deficit. That happened.
That's the end his home runs in the first half of the season. Balentien batted 5th in the order for the first homer. He hit 8th…yes, EIGHTH… in the order for the rest of the half.
#9 June 26 vs. Peoria – Bottom of the 3rd inning off Jordan Pals. This leadoff home run put the Rattlers up 1-0. They would lose 2-1 when the Chiefs scored a run in the seventh and another in the eighth.
#10 June 29 vs. Dayton – Bottom of the 6th inning off David Shafer. A two-out solo home run gave Wisconsin a 4-0 lead.
#11 June 30 vs. Dayton – Bottom of the 6th inning off Trey Rice. A two-out, two-run homer put the Rattlers up 5-2. Wisconsin had a 5-4 lead going to the top of the ninth, but this guy by the name of Joey Votto hit a 2-run homer, his second two-run homer of the game. The final score wound up 8-6 in favor of the Dragons in ten innings.
#12 July 4 @ Kane County – Top of the 7th off JR Pickens. A leadoff homer pulled the Rattlers to within 3-2, but the Cougars won 5-2.
#13 July 15 vs. Cedar Rapids – Bottom of the 6th off David Austin. A two-run homer with one out made it 5-1. This game started on July 3, but was suspended by a bad storm with one out and a runner at third in the top of the fourth. The game restarted on July 15.
#14 July 17 @ South Bend – Top of the 3rd off Mark Rosen. A leadoff home run in the 3rd inning gave the Rattlers a 1-0 lead.
#15 July 26 vs. South Bend – Bottom of the 5th off Mitch Stetter. A two-run home run with one out put the Rattlers up 2-0.
Balentien hit eighth in the order for the entire second half of the season.
He played his final game with the Timber Rattlers at Battle Creek on July 31. He went 1-for-4 with a double in that game. My memory is a little foggy here. Balentien did not play another game in the Mariners system until August 28 for Inland Empire. I think that he went on the disabled list and was sent to Arizona to rehab and when he was ready, he was promoted to the California League. I think.
Balentien would hit a pair of home runs in ten games for the 66ers after the promotion.
I have always wondered if Balentien would have made a run at the Timber Rattlers home run record. He was at 15 over 76 games with the team during that 2004 season. There were still about 35 games left to play, Oh, he struck out…a lot – 77 Ks in 260 over those 76 games with the Rattlers. His slashline with Wisconsin was .277/.315/.519. He walked only 12 times – twice he was intentionally passed – during that season with Wisconsin. But, he could crush the baseball.
Now, he's about to write his name in the record books in Japan. Congratulations.


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text:
I've said before that after the fact, I found that paying attention to all the little details was totally worth it. Even with the craziness of our day (you'd think a table number sign might get overlooked in a hailstorm), our guests made sure to mention to that they loved the favors, or the martinis, or the centerpieces, or even the wine glasses. It meant the world to me.
Here are a few more shots of the details for you""as usual, by the well-loved (by us!) Samantha Warren.
Buckets of flip flops, and evidence that yes, your male guests will sport them too:
Our signature drinks were a big hit. People were drinking our favorite Wild Maine Blueberry Martinis and Dark and Stormys all night.
Our escort cards were CDs – we decided to do a mix of love songs, and asked each member of our bridal party (which included all seven of our siblings), our moms and our dads for their favorites, and compiled them all together with our pick included too. It made for quite an eclectic mix (especially because we didn't tell them why we wanted their favorite love song when we asked, so a few were caught off guard!), and we loved what it said about us and those we love. From my 13-year old sister's Natasha Bedingfield tune, to my new favorite "Me and You" by Michael Reno Harris, to the more classic "When A Man Loves a Woman" and "What a Wonderful World", everyone was represented. We included on the song list who had chosen which song and what their relationship to us is""it was a big hit.
You're allowed to burn a song seven times when you buy it on iTunes, which made our CD favors cost approximately only $3.
From the iTunes site:
"You shall be authorized to burn an audio play list up to seven times.
You shall be entitled to export, burn (if applicable) or copy (if applicable) products solely for personal, noncommercial use."
Our wish bowl in action:
Last but not least, the sweetest detail of them all:
Our pretty and delicious cake was courtesy of the European Bakery.
Next time… we take some photos, and hey""didn't you say there was a storm?
1. The Pre-Game
2. We Practice the I Dos and the Party Part Too
3. The Day is Here!
4. Going to the Chapel
5. We Do
6. Sweet Little Details Part I
Mrs. Tiramisu
- Location:
- Annapolis, MD/Maine
- Occupation:
- Healthcare
- Wedding Date:
- July 2008
- Venue:
- Oceanfront lawn and tent
Related Posts
Once in a Blue Moon Love: Like Father, Like Daughter@ 7:47 am
How the Feathers Were Wed@ 1:34 pm
Puffed Up with Love: Show Time@ 7:17 am
Ocean Size Love: The Surprise!!@ 11:04 am


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Editor's note: We've designed the format of Muskegon's Capitol Workbook to periodically update readers on their elected state officials' legislative projects.
LANSING – The House of Representatives recently passed a bill by Rep. Jon Bumstead, R-Newaygo, that would give more local control to Michigan's Promise Zones.
The state's Promise Zones distribute college scholarships for qualified students. One of the 10 zones is the Muskegon Intermediate School District. Currently, a promise zone must provide financial assistance that would at minimum cover tuition for an associate's degree or its equivalent from a community or junior college.
House Bill 4575, passed by the House June 19, offers more local control to individual promise zone authorities. The bill would allow districts the Muskegon ISD to make more decisions about how the promise zone is operated.
"Baldwin and Muskegon students will have different needs than Pontiac and Detroit students," Bumstead said in a release. "This legislation allows the different authorities to operate in the best way for their individual school district."
The bill has been referred to the Senate Committee on Education.
Other news from Lansing:
- Rep. Collene Lamonte, D-Montague, added an amendment to House Bill 4466, a bill that reforms Michigan's Merit Curriculum — the set of standards Michigan high school students must satisfy before earning a diploma. Her amendment allows students to take their third year of math in either their junior or senior year. Lamonte, a former teacher, said the provision would help college-track students to score well on The Michigan Merit Exam and ACT, used by the colleges to rank applicants and award financial aid. The bill passed the House of Representatives June 6 and has been referred to the Senate Committee on Education.
- The Michigan Senate recently sent the governor a bill to promote the state's agriculture industry by allowing small winemakers to offer wine tastings at farmers markets. Senate Bill 79, sponsored by Hansen, would enable winemakers who produce up to 5,000 gallons of wine per year to purchase a new farmers market permit. The fee for an annual permit would be $25 for each farmers market location. The bill was presented to the governor last week, and is waiting to be signed.


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Assuming you use a 3-phase direct on-line contactor ....
Out of interest, why would you want to vary the voltage on a 3-phase motor
I suggest you consider using ready-made SSRs rather than roll your own with opto triacs and power triacs.
PS - also see the bit in the paper I linked to which explains why you should NOT use zero-crossing SSRs with 3-phase induction motors.
The resistor needs to be rated at 415VAC
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text:
Symphony #1 Completed
Strongly emotive full-scale symphonic work in 5 movements, 61 mins.:
- Movt. 1: Largo lacrimoso
- Movt. 2: Scherzando – Presto agitato con fuoco
- Movt. 3: Andante cantibile – Allegro
- Movt. 4: Scherzo
- Movt 5: Adagio grandioso – Andante luttoso – Allegro con brio
The symphony is on a grand scale, more than leaning toward the heroic, featuring enlarged percussion and brass sections and piano.
The Scherzo is the symphony's light comic relief, and can function by itself as a standalone piece. Hear it below (two other clips can be heard here and here):
Podcast: Play in new window | Download
Comments are closed.


text:
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- Klemm, Donald J. 1982. Leeches (Annelida: Hirudinea) of North America. 1-177
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text:
In a year of lackluster biotech IPOs, Eyetech (Nasdaq: EYET ) was a big exception. Its January 29, 2004 debut was one of the year's hot issues. Newly minted shares went out at $21, above the original anticipated range of $18 to $20, and popped 54% the first day to close at $32.40. Investors, hungry for a stake in Eyetech's Macugen, the company's novel treatment for wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), quickly sent shares to around $40 and kept them hovering there through much of 2004 and into this year. But one of last year's biggest winners has now turned into one of this year's biggest losers. Shares of Eyetech now trade in the $13 range, following a one-day drop last week of 46%.
Any informed investor knew at the time of Eyetech's IPO knew that a rival product to Macugen called Lucentis was under development at Genentech (NYSE: DNA ) . The products have some similarities -- namely, both target vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) -- but they have very different formulations. Lucentis is a fragment of the same antibody that makes up the cancer drug Avastin, while Macugen is an aptamer -- a modified string of RNA rather than a protein. Yet while investors always knew, or should have known, that these drugs could potentially compete in the marketplace, they assumed that Eyetech's head start, bolstered by the marketing clout of Pfizer (NYSE: PFE ) , would make its product a winner. After Genentech's May 24 announcement of interim results from a phase 3 trial of Lucentis, it's not clear what has changed with Eyetech, other than its stock price.
Certainly, the data on Lucentis are encouraging. Some 95% of patients enrolled in the study showed improved or maintained vision (which means their vision deteriorated by less than three lines on an eye chart). In the control arm of the study, 62% of patients maintained or improved their vision. That top line response rate is better than anything out of the Macugen trials. Yet as Charly Travers pointed out last week, using two separate studies to compare two different products is a big no-no. Of course, that doesn't stop analysts from making such comparisons anyway, or media outlets from reporting speculation that Lucentis will eclipse Macugen as the principal treatment for AMD.
Avoiding such apples-to-oranges comparisons isn't just a sort of homey admonition along the lines of waiting an hour after eating before going swimming. It's a statistical must, and is the only way to prevent being led toward false conclusions. Desperate to bring this point home, Eyetech management held a conference call last week to discuss reasons for their continued confidence in Macugen... and to talk a little smack about the Lucentis data.
Sure, they were clearly reeling from a big blow and were on the defensive, but they still raised some legitimate points. I won't go over them all, but one factor to consider is that the patients in the Lucentis trial appeared to have less severe AMD. The trial certainly looked at a different population -- only those with "minimally classic" or "occult" AMD, references to the location and pattern of abnormal vascularization in the eye, while Macugen has been studied in, and is approved for, all subtypes of wet AMD, including "predominantly classic," the most aggressive form of the disease.
In addition, the control arm of the Lucentis study had an unusually high rate of maintained vision, despite those patients not being treated with anything at all. Some patients in Eyetech's phase 3 trials had previously received photodynamic therapy (e.g., Visudyne from QLT (Nasdaq: QLTI ) ), while patients in the Lucentis trial had not. And the oft-reported statement that Macugen at best maintains vision while Lucentis improves it is simply untrue -- some Macugen patients have improved vision, just as some Lucentis patients apparently did. Maybe a much higher percentage of Lucentis patients will see vision improvements, but determining that will require a head-to-head trial.
Nevertheless, the reality is that drug sales are subject to marketing and perception just like everything else, and it looks like Lucentis could hit the market with a perception of superiority to Macugen despite any firm statistical evidence. Eyetech may have to take on the expense of conducting a head-to-head study if it hopes to maintain strong market share -- a risky move, since it could certainly turn out that Lucentis is indeed the better drug. Nevertheless, Eyetech management essentially indicated they would follow this course if no other obstacles trip up for Lucentis throughout the remainder of its development program.
One-trick pony
That Eyetech should swing so wildly on the fortunes of Macugen is no surprise. The company has little else in its pipeline; its anti-PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) aptamer that could be synergistic with Macugen is not expected to enter the clinic until the second half of 2006. The company does have big future plans for Macugen, including possible new indications in diabetic macular edema and retinal vein occlusion -- both big markets. But if it is eclipsed by Lucentis in one market, it could be eclipsed in others, too. The outcome of the Macugen-Lucentis debate is of paramount importance to Eyetech's future, and the market is voting very little confidence right now.
Investors would be well advised to be cautious about Eyetech, because it appears, fairly or not, that the company now must shoulder the burden of proof in establishing Macugen as the equal of Lucentis -- at least in the eyes of investors. (How the medical community will react is another as-yet untested matter.) But there are a few reasons for Eyetech shareholders to be optimistic. If Macugen can even achieve near parity to Lucentis in terms of efficacy, it may have some built-in advantages.
First is the issue of mechanism and safety. Macugen targets only isoform 165 of VEGF (one particular conformation of the protein), while Lucentis is thought to inhibit all five isoforms. Eyetech says this is an advantage because it believes that the 165 isoform is responsible for all the damage in AMD. If true, that may not make Macugen more effective, but it could make Macugen safer. VEGF plays a role in maintaining blood vessels, and lowering it across the board could theoretically raise safety issues. There was nothing reported from Genentech's interim data to make it look like this is the case, but a successful AMD treatment must be effective and safe over a longer period. The Lucentis interim report only covers one year.
Another factor is that Lucentis is dosed once every four weeks, while Macugen is dosed once every six weeks. Since having these drugs administered involves an injection in the eyeball, that's a serious consideration.
Also, Macugen should be much cheaper to manufacture than Lucentis, meaning Eyetech could offer a price advantage without significantly sacrificing margins. Eyetech's gross margins in the most recently reported quarter were nearly 96%, a rather astounding figure that deserves some explanation. While Eyetech management keeps its cards close to the vest on the manufacturing costs of Macugen, another aptamer company, Archemix, has previously estimated that ARC-183, an experimental aptamer in development, will cost less than $50 per gram to manufacture at commercial scale. Macugen is pegylated for greater serum half-life, so the manufacturing costs may be higher, but using $50/gram as a ballpark figure puts the cost of a 0.3 mg dose of Macugen at around one-and-a-half cents. (Or, if you prefer, 13 cents a year). Other things go into cost of goods besides raw material manufacture, but for their potency, aptamers are quite cheap to make.
A typical antibody can cost $1,000 or more per gram to manufacture (and commercial manufacturing facilities can themselves cost $400 million or more to build and validate). Lucentis is an antibody fragment and may be cheaper to produce than a full antibody, but since it is given at a 0.3 mg or 0.5 mg dose and half again more frequently than Macugen, the cost of goods sold will be much higher. The market won't be swayed significantly by a price advantage if there is a major difference in efficacy, but if the drugs appear roughly comparable, Eyetech could easily use pricing to shift things its way and not feel too much pain.
Finally, there is the big question of how the VEGF drugs will work with a photodynamic therapy such as Visudyne. Genentech has conducted a study of Lucentis in combination with Visudyne, but results have not yet been reported. Eyetech has at least reported that the combination is safe, and efficacy evaluation is ongoing.
So is Eyetech a bargain here? Well, if head-to-head trials can establish that Macugen has equivalent efficacy to Lucentis, the stock should soar from current levels. But that's a big "if," and we have no way of knowing that now. Unfortunately, Eyetech is pretty much a one-trick pony, which makes the stock a little too uncertain for this Fool. But investors seem to be counting Eyetech out before the fight has even begun. If you're a born contrarian with a little spare mad money lying around, Eyetech could be worth a small nibble at these levels.
Want more recommendations, insight, and updates on the biotech industry? Test-drive a free 30-day trial to our ultimate growth service,Motley Fool Rule Breakers, by clicking here. There's no obligation to subscribe, and you can cancel at any time.
Karl Thieldoes not own stock in any of the companies mentioned in this article. Pfizer is aMotley Fool Inside Valuerecommendation. QLT is aMotley Fool Hidden Gemsrecommendation. The Motley Fool has adisclosure policy.


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I think the blame is misplaced in this article. It is the fault of the researchers that they have chosen not to describe the specific placebos they chose to use in their studies. Doing so has resulted in the invalidation of the majority of studies examined for this.
The CW assumption that placebos are inert and biologically inactive (and thus do not merit consideration) may be very misplaced. In that respect the article is correct.
But I do not think a conspiracy exists to manipulate results.
Industry has manipulated the intent of placebos. Currently, placebos are the most basic 3rd party comparator. Companies do not want to test new drugs against old drugs in order to protect sales.
In order for true science and innovation to truly progress, we should test and compare the current best with the new innovation and keep this process going.
To test and compare to placebo is virtually meaningless.
I actually no longer believe that placebos ever existed. There is no such thing as placebos in my mind anymore.


text:
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text:
When Bossi tells the agent "It's my prosthesis because I've had breast cancer," the agent replies, "Well, you'll need to show me that." Bossi is forced to remove the prosthesis from her bra and show it to the agent.
The TSA told WBTV, who reported the incident, that agents aren't allowed to remove prosthetics themselves, but they are allowed to "ask to see and touch" any passenger's prosthetic.
Bossi, a veteran flight attendant of 32 years, was just trying to go to work. Read the whole story here: [WBTV via Daring Fireball, Photo: AP]


text:
COLUMBUS, Ohio -- A conference committee on snow days legislation agreed Tuesday to changes that would eliminate House language requiring teachers go to work for extra professional development as a condition of more calamity days.
The amendments also increase the Senate-passed version's permission for three more calamity days to four days. The additional days that do not have to be made up would be granted to districts only after they have made up four of their contingency days.
The new language allows schools to continue to make up missed days in 30-minute increments added onto the end of regular days. It clarifies, however, that districts that have already started adding the extra time will get credit for it after the bill passes.
The changes also allow the superintendent of public instruction to waive compliance with the minimum school year for schools operated by county boards of developmental disabilities, according to the comparison document.
The measure is expected to go to the House and Senate floors for final approval during Wednesday's sessions.


text:
23 Dec "I Told You To Smile" by Robert Cherry | Narrated by Sky Fortinski
"I Told You To Smile"
Author: Robert Cherry
Narrator: Sky Fortinski
Sound Design: Craig Groshek
Post-Production: Craig Groshek
Story © Robert Cherry
Audio production © Chilling Entertainment, LLC
Sky Fortinski narrates this classic creepypasta tale by author Robert Cherry that teaches us that sometimes when you hear strange noises at night, you shouldn't just assume it was the house settling, or someone playing tricks on you. If the hair on the back of your neck stands up and you feel a chill down your spine, just start running. You might get a head start before it catches you.Robert Cherry is a horror author who has penned some of the most popular creepypasta tales of all time, including I Told You to Smile. You can connect with him via his Twitter page here: https://www.twitter.com/MrRobertCherry Sky Fortinski is a one-time narrator for Chilling Tales for Dark Nights. Little is known about Mr. Fortinski. If interested, you can view his YouTube channel page here: https://www.youtube.com/user/MalevolentNut/
[dropshadowbox background_color=#dcdcdc]
[box type="shadow" align="aligncenter"]
"I Told You To Smile"
Author: Robert Cherry
It was the 2nd of January, 2:04 AM. I woke up to a knocking on the door. One knock every 3 seconds. I slipped on my slippers and walked down the stairs. As I walked down, the knocking on the door got faster, almost like a heartbeat. When I got to the door, the knocking stopped, I looked outside and nobody was there.
I went back up to my room and went back to bed, thinking it was just some kids playing a prank. At 4:21 AM I woke up to the front door slamming shut. I jumped, terrified. I looked over at my frosted window to find "smile" written all over it in the frost. I grabbed my phone next to me, ready to call 911, only to find a message written on it saying "I told you to smile". I cried and ran for my life running outside.
As soon as I got outside I knocked on my neighbors house across the road. They answered and held me while I sobbed. They phoned the police. At exactly 5:42, the police came to my neighbors house after an extensive search of my house. They told me there had been no evidence at all of anyone in my house other than me. The messages on the window were gone, same with my phone. They told me to get some sleep and advised me to see the doctor about stress and anxiety problems. I knew what happened to me was real.
The following evening, after spending the day at my neighbors, I went home. I went up to my bedroom and set up a camera. It was aimed at my bedroom door and my bed. I set it to record and went to sleep. Thankfully, I slept through the night. However, as I watched the footage, I couldn't believe what I saw.
At 3 in the morning, something crawled out from under my bed. It was a completely naked, anorexic man. He stood up and looked at me on the bed. He did so for another hour, not moving at all. Then he moved. He walked over to the camera until his face took up the whole shot. He was extremely pale and had bulging veins all over his head. His eyes were completely black, with a huge smile on his face. He stared at the camera for another two hours, not blinking, just slightly twisting his head every now and again.
After two hours of him staring went past, he walked back over to my bed and crawled back under. I skipped the video forward until it showed me getting up and walking over to the camera. The video finished. I was frozen with fear. The video showed him going back under, but not leaving. Whatever it was, the video finished. It was still there.
© Robert Cherry


text:
This deal has ended.
Walmart.com now has the Petmate Giant Litter Box on sale for just $8. This measures 34.8" L x 19.5" W x 9.8" H and features Microban antimicrobial protection and side storage. Shipping is $0.97, site-to-store pickup is free, and sales tax is charged in most states.No longer available