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Hardware Emulation Journal
Lauro Rizzatti
Verification Consultant & Investor at Oregon Angel Fund
Great Ideas, Solid Information Exchange Define DVCon India
September 19th, 2016 by Lauro Rizzatti
In its third year, DVCon India 2016 was held in Bangalore September 15-16, hosted in the Leela Palace, as it was in 2015, an island of serenity, peace and comfort in the center of Bangalore.
Although I don't want to repeat myself, my 2015 report included my assessment that "the traffic on Bangalore's roads reminded me of a Circle of Hell from Dante Alighieri's 14th-century poem, 'Divine Comedy.'" It was like that again this year. As if this wasn't enough, the timing of this year's conference coincided with an unanticipated and unpleasant event.
A little background. Bangalore is the city center of the Karnataka State bordering the Tamil Nadu State. The border is delimited by the river Cauvery that provides crucial and life sustaining water to the two states via a dam. In good years, the dam has enough water to fulfill the needs of both. In bad years, the scarcity of water causes grief, tensions and confrontations. The Summer of 2016 was really bad. I was told that the discord between the two states turned into an enormous political crisis that escalated to the attention of the Prime Minister of India.
Read the rest of Great Ideas, Solid Information Exchange Define DVCon India
DVCon India Kicks-Off Fall Season
September 6th, 2016 by Lauro Rizzatti
DVCon India could be considered the official start of the fall season for our industry. It kicks off Thursday, September 15, and runs through Friday, September 16, at The Leela Palace in Bangalore, an elegant hotel and a great place to host a content-rich technical event like this.
The two-day event, now in its third year, will offer a bit of technical everything for design and verification engineers and engineering managers, from keynotes and panels to tutorials and papers. I hope to see an increment in attendance from about 650 in 2016. The attendees will have the opportunity to take part in many of the informal technical discussions. It's a great networking opportunity.
One not-to-be missed keynote, "Design Verification: Challenging Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow," will be delivered by Mentor Graphics' Wally Rhines. According to the abstract found on the DVCon India website, he will review the major phases of the verification evolution over the past several decades and focus on the challenges of newly emerging problems. I'm looking forward to his insights and expect to see some terrific visuals.
As I did last year, I will moderate a panel titled, "The Future Verification Flow," the first day from 12:10 p.m. until 1 p.m. in the Grand Ballroom. Panelists will be Mike Bartley of Test and Verification Solutions (T&VS), Shankar Narayana Bhat who hails from Qualcomm's Bangalore Design Centre and Ashish Kumar who will join us from the Broadcom India Design Centre.
We plan on a lively discussion as we review the challenges of the current verification flows and hash over whether emulation will become the de facto verification tool replacing simulation and, if so, the kind of disruption it could create. We intend to take a hard look at emulation versus simulation in the verification flow and determine the effectiveness of a simulation/formal verification flow versus a simulation/emulation flow. I'm planning to put each panelist on the spot and ask them to predict what's coming next in the continuing evolution of verification.
Descriptions of all the technical sessions, papers and tutorials, make them all seem interesting and thought-provoking, but one in particular stands out for me. It's the ESL Tutorial: Hybrid Solution Combining Emulation and Virtual Prototyping. That's high on my "Must See" list.
And then, there is the exhibit floor. The big three –– Cadence, Mentor and Synopsys –– will have booths, as will Verific, Aceic Design Technologies, Breker Verification Systems, Dassault Systemes, Doulos, Magillem, NEC, Real Intent, SmartDV Technologies, T&VS and True Chip.
This year's DVCon India should be as much of a standout event as it was last year. For more information, visit: https://dvcon-india.org/
My next blog post will be a trip report on DVCon India. Look for it later in September.
Much Less Efforting Required
August 24th, 2016 by Lauro Rizzatti
I had a chat with a friend yesterday who announced: "Less efforting is working for me." The use of the noun effort as a verb –– efforting –– didn't send me to my online dictionary to check my grammar or linguistic skills. Instead, it took me back 30-odd years to the early days of hardware emulation when efforting could have been the catchphrase.
In those days from the 1980s, the emulator arrived with a crew of applications engineers (AEs in a box, we used to say). Even they didn't have a magic touch –– it seemingly took forever to tweak the system just so to get it to work. Pricing required some justification efforting as well because they were expense verification tools. As a result, they were reserved for only the largest and most complex chip designs, which, in those days average about 100,000 ASIC gates. Big price tag, big chips, lots of efforting.
Efforting continued into the 1990s as hardware emulation became a bit more popular, though they were an unsightly mess with cables snaking around the boxes, like spaghetti enveloping meatballs, so much so that they were relegated to a back room. With all those cables came in circuit emulation (ICE), the default, actually the only use model to verify the design-under-test (DUT) with real traffic data. While effective, the data in and out of the emulator ran at a lower speed than the actual speed of the real traffic data, requiring the insertion of speed adapters and additional efforting. Further, the manned supervision commanded by the ICE mode limited hardware emulation's ability to become a shared remote resource.
11 Verification Trends
August 5th, 2016 by Lauro Rizzatti
A panel in DAC's technical program this year continues to yield returns. I looked over my notes the other day and found that the moderator and the five panelists identified a few trends that are outside the scope of the traditional verification as known for many years.
Trend #1: Engineering and verification teams are becoming more strategic. They are looking more carefully at the objectives to determine which verification engine is best suited for the task.
Trend #2: Verification today encompasses much more than just simulation, engineering and verification teams acknowledge. It includes hardware-based verification, whether in the form of emulation or FPGA prototyping, and formal verification. It involves pre-silicon verification and post-silicon validation.
Catching up at DAC in Austin
July 6th, 2016 by Lauro Rizzatti
Recently, I spent a few enjoyable days in Austin at the Design Automation Conference, June 6-9, attending sessions, checking out verification vendors exhibiting on the show floor and catching up with long-time friends and colleagues. Evenings were filled with dinner events and more catching up.
The event was opened Monday morning by Chuck J. Alpert, general chair of the 53rd DAC, who delivered a motivational welcome supported with a few statistics. The following summarizes the paper and poster submissions and the acceptance rate, including the territorial breakdown.
DAC Panel on Hardware Emulation's Growing Use Models
May 31st, 2016 by Lauro Rizzatti
Of course, anyone who reads my blog posts on EDACafe knows I have a huge bias toward hardware emulation –– In fact, my blog is called Hardware Emulation Journal! I've been a part of this Design Automation market segment since 1995 and continue to believe it is the most versatile of all verification tools.
If you happen to be at DAC and want to learn more about hardware emulation and its growing use models, stop by the Mentor Graphics Booth (#949) Monday, June 6, at 4pm. I'm moderating an hour-long panel of exceedingly qualified verification experts who will help me answer the intriguing question: What's up with all those new use models on an emulator?
Sitting on the podium with me will be the inimitable Alex Starr from AMD, Guy Hutchinson of Cavium Networks and Rick Leatherman at Imagination Technologies. Guy and I had a conversation earlier this week and I can attest to his enthusiasm and knowledge about hardware emulation.
The four of us agree that hardware emulation is moving into the mainstream and away from the dusty back corners of an engineering department. Its reputation has been rehabilitated as well. That's because it's accessible to all types of verification engineers and, fortunately for them, they do not need to be experts in the nuances of emulation. This means that emulation can be used to solve problems that previously were almost too tough to solve, and many verification tasks can be completed more quickly and thoroughly. One easily recognizable example is hardware/software co-verification. Hardware emulation is the only verification tool able to track a bug across the embedded software and the underlying hardware. By all accounts, a big challenge these days.
Another point of agreement is emulation's horsepower, flexibility and versatility, which suggests we're moving into the fourth era of emulation where applications rule. In the "apps" era, the emulator becomes the "verification hub" of a verification strategy because it is able to address the end-to-end verification needs of today's complex designs. Applications extend the use of emulators beyond RTL verification, making it possible to develop new scenarios to target an increasing number of vertical markets, from networking and graphics to automotive and beyond.
Given hardware emulation's emerging popularity and growing uses, each panelist will be asked to describe the types and sizes of designs he's asked to debug, along with their applications and the basic verification flow. DAC attendees have noted their interested in hardware emulation's various deployment modes, so we'll look at several, including traditional ICE, TBA/TBX and virtual. I'll ask each panelist to describe which modes they've used and the varying degrees of success. We'll attempt to identify the capabilities lacking in each.
Hardware emulation is being used for some new and, perhaps, unlikely tasks, such as low-power verification, power estimation and design for test. I intend to ask each panelist whether he's familiar with these new modes and his perspective on the effectiveness of hardware emulation to debug chips with these characteristics.
As you might expect, our goal is to make this panel lively and thought provoking. I predict the panelists will confirm through experience and expertise that it's much more usable than most commercial verification tools. We will leave room for questions, so please come armed with questions that we can try to answer or stump us.
Please join us. I look forward to seeing you in Austin.
Should it Take a Village to get a Design Tool to Work?
May 20th, 2016 by Lauro Rizzatti
What happens when a project team under a tight schedule takes delivery on a tool promised to change the way it does chip design and verification and it doesn't live up to the promise?
Why, the vendor sends in a village of AEs, R&D engineers and PhDs, of course, to work onsite with the lead designer and his or her designs. Yes, it's common for a design automation company to send AEs into an account as "super" users of a specific software tool, such as formal verification, because it's specialized and specific technology not everyone has mastered. And yes, old-style hardware emulators came with AEs because early generations of the tool were difficult to deploy. They required expertise and plenty of manual effort to get them operational, and hence the refrain "time to emulation."
Some more positive project teams would assume this gesture seemingly is a sign of commitment. Actually, it's not. Not even close. It's a sign of the tool's weakness because it doesn't work.
Almost Everything on Hardware Emulation
May 3rd, 2016 by Lauro Rizzatti
Many proponents and users of hardware emulation continue to enthuse about its benefits, expanding use models and growing popularity among hardware design and verification engineering groups. We believe it is the foundation of almost all verification strategies today, not replacing simulation, but augmenting it.
The topic of hardware emulation's popularity is starting to show up in technical conferences and other industry events, reinforcing what we're seeing. Wall Street's paying attention as well.
Five Questions about Emulation No One's Afraid to Ask
March 31st, 2016 by Lauro Rizzatti
Attending a conference like DVCon offers many benefits, including the opportunity for loads of hallway discussions. I was stopped continuously during DVCon by friends, colleagues and acquaintances all wanting to talk about emulation, which convinced me that it's the hottest verification tool and topic today.
Here are five of the questions I was asked, along with the answers.
Q1. For many years, emulation has been an exotic and rather expensive tool used in very limited market segments, such as the largest processor and graphics designs. Today, it is used across the board by virtually all semiconductor industry segments. What facilitated this broad adoption?
A1. Significant improvements in the emulation's hardware and in the supporting software. Perhaps even more significant is a dramatic drop in the cost of ownership (COO). Just consider that on a dollar-per-gate basis, the cost dropped from $5 in the early 90s to less than half a penny now. Add to that the radical enhancement in system reliability, the dramatic improvements in the usage model, the multi-user and remote access capabilities and it's a COO that is a small fraction of what it used to be a decade ago.
2016 DVCon San Jose Report
March 21st, 2016 by Lauro Rizzatti
As customary, the 2016 DVCon/San Jose was held at the DoubleTree Hotel. The dates this year were February 29-March 3.
Attended by approximately 1,200 visitors (about 700 paying customers and 400+ on the free day) and 30 exhibitors, its program included 12 tutorials, 13 technical papers and 45 posters. Topics were on various aspects of design and design verification, with particular emphasis on hardware emulation, Universal Verification Methodology (UVM), portable stimulus, low-power design, and formal.
The event offered a keynote, two panels, one roundtable and three sponsored lunches by each of the three main EDA giants. A conversation between Jim Hogan and Ajoy Bose titled "Crossing the Chasm: From technology to Valuable Enterprise," was hosted by the EDA Consortium and based on Dr. Bose's career in building several businesses in the high-tech industry.


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Recipe Time
Prep: 10 Minutes
Cook: 15 Minutes
1 (14-oz.) can chicken broth
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1. Bring chicken broth and 1 1/2 cups milk just to a boil in a large saucepan. Slowly stir in grits and 1/4 tsp. salt. Cover, reduce heat to medium-low, and cook, stirring occasionally, 6 to 7 minutes or until mixture is thickened. Add Cheddar cheese and pepper, stirring until cheese is melted.
November 2006

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The Golden Globes are an anomaly among major film awards: decided not by an industry body, such as the Academy, but by the Hollywood Foreign Press, a group of some 90 non-American journalists routinely accused of corruption and of pandering to the industry's most prominent stars.
The ceremony itself can be a ramshackle affair by Hollywood standards, not least because its attendees can drink, and do – a lot. Sunday evening saw teleprompter glitches, presenters forgetting their glasses (nice recovery, Matt Damon), and winners taking what seemed like forever to find their way to the stage, because the seating planners had bafflingly placed them at the back of the room.
The first sign that this was not quite like Oscar night came before the stellar attendees had even begun to arrive for the ceremony at the Beverly Hilton in Los Angeles, when black, stinking water began to pour onto the red carpet, and onto several appalled showbiz journalists. The spray was later identified as a sprinkler set off by an overheated lighting rig.
Once the guests and their gowns had navigated the now-brown carpet, they were treated to a 10-minute opening duologue from second-time hosts Amy Poehler and Tina Fey, who revealed that "The original title of [American Hustle] was Explosion at the Wig Factory", that "For his role in Dallas Buyers Club, [Matthew McConaughey] lost 45 pounds, or what actresses call 'being in a movie'", and that Gravity is "the story of how George Clooney would rather float away into space and die than spend one more minute with a woman his own age".
The Golden Globes are unique in presenting awards to film and television in the same evening, which can lead to a few "who?" moments. Yet not so much "who?" as "WTF?" was the lengthy, loopy acceptance speech from Brit Jacqueline Bisset, accepting one of the first gongs of the evening, for Best Supporting Actress in a Series, Miniseries or TV Film, for the BBC drama, Dancing on the Edge. Her speech was also notable for the censors' failure to bleep a profanity. "I want to thank the people who've given me joy, and there have been many!" Bisset said. "The people who've given me shit, I say, like my mother… used to say, 'Go to hell and don't come back'."
As the booze flowed and the evening wore on, the weird moments came thick and fast. P Diddy, presenting two musical awards, tried to muscle in on their acceptance speeches: U2 rushed the stage to take their prize for Best Original Song, "Ordinary Love", from Mandela, and Diddy tried and failed to embrace an unreceptive Bono. Then, as singer-songwriter Alex Ebert accepted the award for Best Original Soundtrack, Diddy decided to mention that Ebert had once come aboard his yacht in St Barth's. Ebert's soundtrack was for All Is Lost, about a sailor alone and adrift in the open ocean. Would that the same fate might befall Diddy.
Though Emma Thompson didn't triumph in the Best Actress category, she surely took home the honours for Best Presenter: Louboutin heels in one hand, Martini glass in the other, she was either drunk or – equally likely – acting drunk. A searing performance.
Golden Globes 2014: Style winners (and losers)
Golden Globes 2014: Style winners (and losers)
1/12 Emma Watson
Thoroughly grown-up and pleasingly youthful at the same time, Watson was one of the few brave enough to eschew a gown in favour of a pair of trousers and this dramatic red top, both Dior, and it's a gamble that has paid off.
2/12 Kerry Washington
Tackling red carpet dressing must be a sartorial minefield, so hats off to Washington who stuck to her directional guns with a sculpted Balenciaga floor-sweeper that was hopefully as easy to wear as it looks.
Getty Images
3/12 Lupita Nyong'o
Nyong'o's sharp style on the red carpet has made a big impact in a relatively short time, not least because of her confidence and demeanour. This Ralph Lauren cape-back dress is a case in point – on someone else it could be overpowering, but instead is another hit to add to a growing list.
4/12 Jennifer Lawrence
Long may the actress' relationship with Dior continue, this deceptively simple white couture gown may be a bit wedding cake-y for some, but Lawrence has the personality to pull it off with aplomb.
5/12 Helen Mirren
Some might say that the colour of this Jenny Packham gown is too young for Mirren, but we all know how little she would care about such an opinion – and that's precisely why it works so well.
Frederic J. Brown/AFP/Getty Images
6/12 Rashida Jones
Prints and patterns often look strangely out of place on the red carpet, but the kitsch glamour of embellished and embroidered palm trees on such a simple, almost sporty base make this Fausto Puglisi a rare exception.
Jason Merritt/Getty Images
7/12 Sally Hawkins
Plumping for vintage on the red carpet is a clever move, especially when you can get your hands on a beautiful Dior ensemble such as this. Extreme embellishment is balanced beautifully by the shape and shade of the skirt, while the cut of the top looks fresh and modern.
Jason Merritt/Getty Images
8/12 Sandra Bullock
There were mullet hems aplenty among the female celebrity guests, and some worked better than others. The clean lines and shape of this Prabal Gurung gown worked well with Bullock's look, but the pink lining is overkill.
Jason Merritt/Getty Images
9/12 Taylor Schilling
The lingerie details and vibrant colour of this Thakoon dress are perfect for the LA sunshine – I can't be the only one who feels a hot flush just looking at voluminous skirts and super-structured bodices.
Jason Merritt/Getty Images
10/12 Chris Hemsworth
A waistcoat and pocket watch can easily look a bit fancy dress costume, but Hemsworth's movie star hair and midnight blue velvet tux jacket complete the Dolce & Gabbana ensemble and make him stand out in a sea of black tuxes.
Jason Merritt/Getty Images
11/12 Matthew McConaughey
A deep jewel colour, velvet and Dolce & Gabbana seems to be a winning formula for the ceremony's best dressed males as McConaughey's buttoned-up version provides another highlight.
Kevin Winter/Getty Images
12/12 The Edge and Bono
Who wears a beanie and jeans to a formal awards do? The sort of person whose mate has been surgically attached to their sunglasses for two decades I guess. For all his millions you'd think Bono would be able to get a tailor to see to those schoolboy sleeves too.
Jason Merritt/Getty Images
Rivalling Thompson for potential inebriation, and Bisset for plain weirdness, was Diane Keaton, who accepted the Cecil B DeMille lifetime achievement award on behalf of her friend Woody Allen, concluding her speech with an a cappella rendition of the Girl Scouts song, "Make New Friends". Over on Twitter, Mia Farrow announced that she was going to "grab some ice cream & switch over to #Girls" rather than watch the tribute to Allen, her former husband.
One recurring criticism of the Golden Globes is its division of film categories into "Drama" and "Musical or Comedy" – a false distinction, particularly apparent in this year's crop of nominees. Accepting the award for Best Actor (Musical or Comedy) for his performance in Martin Scorsese's Wolf of Wall Street, Leonardo DiCaprio wryly praised his "fellow comedians": Christian Bale, Bruce Dern, Oscar Isaac and Joaquin Phoenix.
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Kohonen, Jukka and Corander, Jukka 2016. Computing exact clustering posteriors with subset convolution. Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods, Vol. 45, Issue. 10, p. 3048.
Puechmaille, Sebastien J. 2016. The programstructuredoes not reliably recover the correct population structure when sampling is uneven: subsampling and new estimators alleviate the problem. Molecular Ecology Resources, Vol. 16, Issue. 3, p. 608.
Kopelman, Naama M. Mayzel, Jonathan Jakobsson, Mattias Rosenberg, Noah A. and Mayrose, Itay 2015. Clumpak: a program for identifying clustering modes and packaging population structure inferences acrossK. Molecular Ecology Resources, Vol. 15, Issue. 5, p. 1179.
Biedrzycka, Aleksandra Konior, Magdalena Babik, Wiesław Świsłocka, Magdalena and Ratkiewicz, Mirosław 2014. Admixture of two phylogeographic lineages of the Eurasian beaver in Poland. Mammalian Biology - Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde, Vol. 79, Issue. 5, p. 287.
Hickerson, Michael J. 2014. All models are wrong. Molecular Ecology, Vol. 23, Issue. 12, p. 2887.
Jääskinen, Väinö Xiong, Jie Corander, Jukka and Koski, Timo 2014. Sparse Markov Chains for Sequence Data. Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, Vol. 41, Issue. 3, p. 639.
Aurelle, Didier and Ledoux, Jean-Baptiste 2013. Interplay between isolation by distance and genetic clusters in the red coral Corallium rubrum: insights from simulated and empirical data. Conservation Genetics, Vol. 14, Issue. 3, p. 705.
Garrido-Garduño, Tania and Vázquez-Domínguez, Ella 2013. Métodos de análisis genéticos, espaciales y de conectividad en genética del paisaje. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, Vol. 84, Issue. 3, p. 1031.
Wagner, Helene H. and Fortin, Marie-Josée 2013. A conceptual framework for the spatial analysis of landscape genetic data. Conservation Genetics, Vol. 14, Issue. 2, p. 253.
Baird, Stuart J.E. 2012. Evolutionary Ecology: Next Generation Inference. Current Biology, Vol. 22, Issue. 6, p. R182.
Bertoni, Bernardo Velazquez, Tatiana Sans, Mónica and Chakraborty, Ranajit 2012. Handbook of Statistics Volume 28.
Duchesne, P. and Turgeon, J. 2012. FLOCK Provides Reliable Solutions to the "Number of Populations" Problem. Journal of Heredity, Vol. 103, Issue. 5, p. 734.
RODRÍGUEZ-RAMILO, SILVIA T. and WANG, JINLIANG 2012. The effect of close relatives on unsupervised Bayesian clustering algorithms in population genetic structure analysis. Molecular Ecology Resources, Vol. 12, Issue. 5, p. 873.
Adaui, Vanessa Maes, Ilse Huyse, Tine Van den Broeck, Frederik Talledo, Michael Kuhls, Katrin De Doncker, Simonne Maes, Louis Llanos-Cuentas, Alejandro Schönian, Gabriele Arevalo, Jorge and Dujardin, Jean-Claude 2011. Multilocus genotyping reveals a polyphyletic pattern among naturally antimony-resistant Leishmania braziliensis isolates from Peru. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, Vol. 11, Issue. 8, p. 1873.
Borrell, Y. J. Carleos, C. E. Sánchez, J. A. Vázquez, E. Gallego, V. Asturiano, J. F. and Blanco, G. 2011. Heterozygosity-fitness correlations in the gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata using microsatellite loci from unknown and gene-rich genomic locations. Journal of Fish Biology, Vol. 79, Issue. 5, p. 1111.
Gladieux, Pierre Byrnes, Edmond J. Aguileta, Gabriela C. Fisher, Matthew Heitman, Joseph and Giraud, Tatiana 2011. Genetics and Evolution of Infectious Disease.
Olayemi, M. E. Bolormaa, S. van der Werf, J. H. J. Baillie, N. Le Jambre, L. F. and Walkden-Brown, S. W. 2011. Estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters for production, haematological and gastrointestinal nematode-associated traits in Australian cashmere goats. Animal Production Science, Vol. 51, Issue. 2, p. 123.
Safner, Toni Miller, Mark P. McRae, Brad H. Fortin, Marie-Josée and Manel, Stéphanie 2011. Comparison of Bayesian Clustering and Edge Detection Methods for Inferring Boundaries in Landscape Genetics. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol. 12, Issue. 12, p. 865.
Sillanpää, M J 2011. Overview of techniques to account for confounding due to population stratification and cryptic relatedness in genomic data association analyses. Heredity, Vol. 106, Issue. 4, p. 511.
Adler, Sharon Pahl, Madeleine Abboud, Hanna Nicholas, Susanne Ipp, Eli and Seldin, Michael 2010. Mexican-American Admixture Mapping Analyses for Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Seminars in Nephrology, Vol. 30, Issue. 2, p. 141.
We present likelihood-based methods for assigning the individuals in a sample to source populations, on the basis of their genotypes at co-dominant marker loci. The source populations are assumed to be at Hardy–Weinberg and linkage equilibrium, but the allelic composition of these source populations and even the number of source populations represented in the sample are treated as uncertain. The parameter of interest is the partition of the set of sampled individuals, induced by the assignment of individuals to source populations. We present a maximum likelihood method, and then a more powerful Bayesian approach for estimating this sample partition. In general, it will not be feasible to evaluate the evidence supporting each possible partition of the sample. Furthermore, when the number of individuals in the sample is large, it may not even be feasible to evaluate the evidence supporting, individually, each of the most plausible partitions because there may be many individuals which are difficult to assign. To overcome these problems, we use low-dimensional marginals (the 'co-assignment probabilities') of the posterior distribution of the sample partition as measures of 'similarity', and then apply a hierarchical clustering algorithm to identify clusters of individuals whose assignment together is well supported by the posterior distribution. A binary tree provides a visual representation of how well the posterior distribution supports each cluster in the hierarchy. These methods are applicable to other problems where the parameter of interest is a partition of a set. Because the co-assignment probabilities are independent of the arbitrary labelling of source populations, we avoid the label-switching problem of previous Bayesian methods.
Email your librarian or administrator to recommend adding this journal to your organisation's collection.


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face it it's over, will be in the 20's by next week.
Big overcorrection this will bounce back at days end not go down.All the short term longs have jumped ship and shorts have jumped on.Whats left are long term longs this will keep the stock where it is.The shorts will soon cover taking profits and drive the stock up.No way should this announcement drop a stock by 11 percent.Buy now and make a quick bounce back to 35.By the way I bet aftermarket today you will see a big jump because of all the shorts covering. I got in at 33.59
Most probebly will , But I think they will downgrade it too in next few days , Normally when a stock goes down some anaylysts downgrade it too and it is like they put some iceing on the cake too , after few years in this game I have learned few things and that is one them .


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Antoni Vidiella-I-Anguera
This is information that was supplied by Antoni Vidiella-I-Anguera in registering through RePEc. If you are Antoni Vidiella-I-Anguera , you may change this information at the RePEc Author Service. Or if you are not registered and would like to be listed as well, register at the RePEc Author Service. When you register or update your RePEc registration, you may identify the papers and articles you have authored.
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|Virtut 6, principal 08012 Barcelona Catalonia, Spain
- Jan G. De Gooijer & Antoni Vidiella-i-Anguera, 2005. "Estimating threshold cointegrated systems," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 3(8), pages 1-7.
- De Gooijer, Jan G. & Vidiella-i-Anguera, Antoni, 2004. "Forecasting threshold cointegrated systems," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 20(2), pages 237-253.
- De Gooijer, Jan G. & Vidiella-i-Anguera, Antoni, 2003. "Nonlinear stochastic inflation modelling using SEASETARs," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 32(1), pages 3-18, February.
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- De Gooijer, Jan G. & Vidiella-i-Anguera, Antoni, 2004. "Forecasting threshold cointegrated systems," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 20(2), pages 237-253.
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As a lot of you know, the casting process for the next season of Power Rangers, Power Rangers Megaforce is well underway. With some of the cast already chosen, it's coming down to the wire. But today, outrage has washed over the fandom that questions the racial views of Saban Brands.
Saban Gets Racial During the Casting of Power Rangers Megaforce
18 Wednesday Jul 2012
Posted Newsin


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8 Reviews
Thumbs up! I substituted the beef with soy meat and made it a veggie dinner.
My mom's neighbor gave me a HUGE zucchini, wasn't sure what to do with it until I saw this recipe. I cut the zucchini lengthwise (x6) like lasagna noodles and made two separate layers rather than all the zucchini on the bottom. Other than that I followed the recipe exactly. EXCELLENT!
Again I have convinced my friends that I am a GREAT cook; thanks to you REAL chefs at "zaar". I also make a layered beef and zucchini casserole, but was in the mood for a change. Found this and treated DH and two DFs to this with a green salad and nice bottle of red wine. I was forced to make a few changes since I didn't want to go out in the 107 degree heat. I used a whole onion, lots of garlic and a small diced green pepper while browning the beef. The garden supplied the zucchini, I didn't have mozzarella but substituted Mexican 3 cheese combo, used fresh oregano, basil, and parsley also from the garden, and substituted cottage for ricotta cheese. I also used fresh mushrooms and sprinkled parmesan cheese over the top layer. It was delicious, but a tad too liquidy. I'll have to figure a way to remedy that next time I make this. Thanks for posting!
i made this and my family loved it we love anything creamy.the only thing different i did was used half cottage cheese and half ricotta think it made it cremier.my family said to thank kittencal for another great zuccini recipe as this is one veggie i usually dont cook.Thanks again for posting.
This is a real winner and a keeper as well! I make something similar except fry the zucchini after dunking in egg/flour mixture..this is much easier and saves time and calories! The taste is good too and I used my marinara sauce as well. The only other difference I did was I used fresh basil and parsley since the garden is full right now. And gotta have the garlic! Thumbs up! Thanks for sharing another yummy recipe! :)
Another excellent Kittencal recipe! I used just two cups ricotta, and that seemed to work for us, and used my own homemade Italian seasoning blend in place of the basil and oregano. I also added 8 oz. of fresh sliced mushrooms, to the layering mixture. I could see making this again using Italian sausage in place of the ground beef. Either way, it's a winner!
This was very good. Next time I make it, I will use single layers of zucchini (& more of it), cheese, and sauce. It helps to cut the zucchini into thicker slices in order to taste the zucchini. I will definately make again. Thank you for sharing!
yum! This was wonderful,tastes like zucchini lasagna. I made it when family stoped by unexpected and everyone loved it. Went together very easy,next time I'll use more cottage cheese and cook it the full time.(my oven runs hot so most time I have to shorten cooking time) Thank you for posting this.


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