text:
We found 9 cardiologists who accept Humana Bronze HMO near Boston, MA.
Dr. Mjaye Mazwi is a medical specialist in pediatric cardiology. He is an in-network provider for Humana HMO, Humana Bronze, and Humana Catastrophic, as well as other insurance carriers. Dr. Mazwi attended medical school at the University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences. His medical residency was performed at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center. Dr. Mazwi's hospital/clinic affiliations include Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Boston Children's Hospital, and Northwestern Memorial Hospital.
Dr. Peter Kang's area of specialization is adult cardiology. Dr. Kang accepts Humana HMO, Humana Bronze, Humana Catastrophic, and more. He graduated from George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences. He has received distinctions including Hispanic, Asian And Native American (hana); Scholarship For Community Service, 1988-1991; and 1994-Finalist, 75th Acp Annual Session: Associate. He is conversant in Korean. Dr. Kang's hospital/clinic affiliations include Winchester Hospital and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC). His practice is open to new patients.
Dr. Priya Kohli practices adult cardiology. She is in-network for Humana HMO, Humana Bronze, and Humana Catastrophic, as well as other insurance carriers. After attending Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, she completed her residency training at McGaw Medical Center of Northwestern University. Dr. Kohli is affiliated with Emory Clinic, Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH), and VA Boston Healthcare System. Dr. Kohli has a closed panel.
Dr. Yuri Pride is a medical specialist in adult cardiology. He graduated from Boston University School of Medicine and then he performed his residency at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. He is an in-network provider for Humana HMO, Humana Bronze, and Humana Catastrophic, in addition to other insurance carriers. Dr. Pride is professionally affiliated with Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC). He is closed to new patients at this time.
Dr. Carlos Montes specializes in adult cardiology and interventional cardiology. He is professionally affiliated with Boston Medical Center (BMC). He takes Humana HMO, Humana Bronze, Humana Catastrophic, and more. Dr. Montes is accepting new patients. Dr. Montes graduated from the University of Florida College of Medicine. He completed his residency training at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. He speaks Spanish.
Dr. Reza Fazel is a specialist in interventional cardiology. His areas of expertise include cardiac imaging. Humana HMO, Humana Bronze, and Humana Catastrophic are among the insurance carriers that Dr. Fazel accepts. He attended the University of Michigan Medical School and then went on to complete his residency at a hospital affiliated with the University of Michigan. He welcomes new patients.
Clinical interests: Cardiac Imaging
Dr. Erin Coglianese, who practices in Boston, MA, is a medical specialist in adult cardiology. Clinical interests for Dr. Coglianese include heart transplant, heart failure, and cardiomyopathy. She takes Coventry, TRICARE, and Tufts Health Plan, as well as other insurance carriers. She obtained her medical school training at the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry and performed her residency at Massachusetts General Hospital. She is affiliated with Massachusetts General Hospital. Dr. Coglianese has an open panel.
Clinical interests: Cardiomyopathy, Heart Transplant, Heart Failure, Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices
Dr. Santosh Varkey's medical specialty is adult cardiology and cardiac electrophysiology (heart rhythm). He is affiliated with Boston Medical Center (BMC). Dr. Varkey is in-network for several insurance carriers, including Humana HMO, Humana Bronze, and Humana Catastrophic. He is not currently accepting new patients. After attending Boston University School of Medicine, he completed his residency training at Boston Medical Center. Dr. Varkey offers interpreting services for his patients.
Dr. Stanley Forwand is a physician who specializes in adult cardiology. He honors Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Neighborhood Health Plan, Humana HMO, and more. Dr. Forwand attended Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons for medical school and subsequently trained at Tufts Medical Center and Boston Medical Center for residency. He has received professional recognition including the following: Fellow, American College Of Cardiology; Testamur-North American Society Of Pacing; and Electrophysiology. He is closed to new patients at this time.
Conditions / Treatments
New Patients
Medicare Patient Age
Medicare Patient Conditions
Medicare Patient Ethnicity
Medicare Patient Gender
Medicare Patient Insurance Eligibility
Additional Information
Foreign Language
Online Communication
Patient Demographic
Practice Affiliation
Medical School
Years Since Graduation
- Hypertension, or high blood pressure
- Heart attack prevention and treatment
- Congestive Heart Failure, where the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the needs of the body
- Heart transplant evaluation and care after surgery
- Peripheral vascular disease, where arteries in the limbs narrow and reduce blood flow
- Aneurysm, or a swelling in the blood vessels
- Coronary Artery Disease, where the blood vessels delivering oxygen and nutrients to the heart become blocked
- An electrocardiogram, which checks the heart's electrical activity
- X-rays to see tissues more clearly
- Cardiac catheterization, where a small tube is directed into the heart to test pressure, oxygen levels, and blood flow


text:
>Who doesn't like praises? And more so actresses. But it seems T-town actress Ileana doesn't, even when it came from popular film maker Ram Gopal Varma. RGV tweeted a week back that Ileana is a brilliant actress and would like to make a movie with her. He went ahead and also compared her to legendary actress Vyjayanti Mala Bali.
The comparison drew severe ire from movie buffs. While a few replied saying Ileana can't act to save her life, others termed it a blasphemy and insult to Vyjayanti Mala. A few think it was RGV's way of provoking public ire and humiliating Ileana. The actress now feels humiliated at RGV's way of making people lash out on her acting skills. She is believed to have expressed her unhappiness to RGV on being compared to veteran actress that has defamed her.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
A United States citizen or permanent resident may sponsor his wife's permanent residency, also known as a green card, through the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services. Immediate family members, including a spouse, are not required to wait for a visa number to apply for an adjustment of status, and permanent residency is effective once granted by the USCIS. Issuance of a green card requires approval of financial sponsorship by a qualifying citizen or lawful resident based on income and assets. The USCIS also verifies the current marriage and prior divorces, as well as legal entry and presence in the U.S. of both individuals.
Request the required forms electronically through the USCIS website or by calling 800-870-3676. Provide your name, mailing address and the specific forms, as well as the quantity required. Current forms and instructions are also available at the USCIS website to download and print.
Complete the petition for an alien relation (I-130), an affidavit of support (I-864) and a biographic information sheet for both you and your spouse (G-325A).Your wife must complete the application to adjust her status on form I-485.
Schedule an appointment for your wife with a civil surgeon in your area to conduct a medical checkup. Have your wife bring her photo ID and form I-693 to her appointment. The form must be completed by the physician following the examination and signed by your wife in the presence of the doctor.
Make copies of both sides of your permanent resident card, your marriage certificate and divorce decrees for any prior marriages. Copy your wife's birth certificate, visa and I-94 arrival and departure record.
Gather supporting documentation of the marriage and finances, including income and assets. The marriage must be validated by documentation of joint ownership of property, a lease or the birth certificate of you and your wife's child. If you are unable to provide one of these documents, an affidavit attesting to the validity of the marriage may be completed by a third party
Make check or money order payable to the Department of Homeland Security or U.S. Citizen and Immigration Services in the amount of the total of all filing fees. As of 2011, the cost of filing an I-130 is $420 and $985 or a I-485 form, as well as an $85 biometrics fee.
Provide two passport-size photos (2 by 2 inches) of you and two of your wife. Photos must be recent, within the last 30 days, and clearly display your face against a white or light background.
Enclose the completed forms, supporting documents, photos and applicable fee in an envelope.
Mail the application packet to the USCIS Chicago lockbox as required for simultaneous submission of the I-130 and I-485 forms.
Check your mail for receipt of your application, as well as further instructions. You may be advised to provide additional documents or fingerprints at a local application support center. Attend the interview as scheduled and bring any requested paperwork.
Follow up on the status of your application by visiting the USCIS website and choosing the "My Case Status" page. Enter the application number listed on the receipt notice from USCIS to find your current status and any further instructions.


text:
As we work with our partners on Apple Watch support, I thought that I'd share some tips on Apple Watch development.
How does it work?
When you add a WatchKit app target to your existing project, Xcode creates 2 directories: WatchKit extension and WatchKit app. WatchKit extension runs on your iPhone, but in a separate sandbox than your iOS app though. WatchKit app contains only Storyboard and Resources. The data is synced between WatchKit app and WatchKit extension over Bluetooth Low Energy so it's a good practice to avoid sending big chunks of data between these two targets.
How to synchronize your data?
There are several ways to send data between WatchKit extension and iOS app running on iPhone. After trying NSKeyedUnarchiver and NSUserDefaults I've come across a great open-source library called MMWormhole developed by folks at MutualMobile. It basically uses NSKeyedArchiver to write data to files which are written to the application's shared App Group. It also lets you register objects as listeners, so you get notified when new message is passed around.
Let's try it in practice!
I've created a simple app called Contacts, which lets you browse, add and show details of contacts on the iPhone. Every time user enters the contact details view - corresponding contact details are displayed on the AppleWatch.
Take into account that you have to be a member of Apple Developer program to run and test out the demo project in Xcode. Here's a short guide on how to configure your app to support App Groups.
So we simply want to send Contact object. Here's how Contact model looks like:
final class Contact: NSObject {
let firstName: String
let lastName: String
let phoneNumber: String
init(firstName: String, lastName: String, phoneNumber: String) {
self.firstName = firstName
self.lastName = lastName
self.phoneNumber = phoneNumber
Since MMWormhole uses NSKeyedArchiver for encoding objects and NSKeyedUnarchiver for decoding,
our Contact class must conform to NSCoding protocol thus we need to override these two methods:
init(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
firstName = aDecoder.decodeObjectForKey(firstNameKey) as! String
lastName = aDecoder.decodeObjectForKey(lastNameKey) as! String
phoneNumber = aDecoder.decodeObjectForKey(phoneNumberKey) as! String
func encodeWithCoder(aCoder: NSCoder) {
aCoder.encodeObject(firstName, forKey: firstNameKey)
aCoder.encodeObject(lastName, forKey: lastNameKey)
aCoder.encodeObject(phoneNumber, forKey: phoneNumberKey)
Also we need to specify unique keys used by a Contact object to encode or decode its instance variables.
To do so, we need to put this line of code before we try to send message through wormhole
NSKeyedArchiver.setClassName("Contact", forClass: Contact.self)
and this one before we try to read message from wormhole
NSKeyedUnarchiver.setClass(Contact.self, forClassName: "Contact")
Otherwise we'll receive the following error:
[NSKeyedUnarchiver decodeObjectForKey:]: cannot decode object of class (Contacts.Contact)'
And that's it. Now we're ready to use MMWormhole to pass around our custom class objects.
I've created a WatchKitDataManager class responsible of sending and reading messages between iOS app and WatchKit extension.
class WatchKitDataManager: NSObject {
let contactClassName = "contact"
let wormhole = MMWormhole(applicationGroupIdentifier: "group.tooploox.com.Contacts", optionalDirectory: nil)
func sendContact(contact: Contact) {
NSKeyedArchiver.setClassName(contactClassName, forClass: Contact.self)
wormhole.passMessageObject(contact, identifier:contactClassName)
func readContact() -> Contact? {
NSKeyedUnarchiver.setClass(Contact.self, forClassName: contactClassName)
return wormhole.messageWithIdentifier(contactClassName) as? Contact
It's that easy!
Another great feature of MMWormhole library is ability to register object as listeners for new messages so we can very easily update our UI. Here's how to do this:
wormhole.listenForMessageWithIdentifier(contactClassName) { (message) in
if let contact = message as? Contact {
self.delegate?.watchKitDataManagerDidUpdateContact(self, contact: contact)
And now when we run our iOS and WatchKit apps simultaneously we'll be able to see that contact details on Apple Watch are updated each time user enters contact details view on corresponding iOS app.
If you have any questions feel free to contact me via email@example.com. You can view the source code on Github here


text:
Top Definition
Where a person runs out on a basketball court pulls down there pants and shits on the court. They do this for attention and/or to win a bet with someone that they won't do it.
John is court shiting.
by Deep blue 2012 March 17, 2010
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text:
For over 5,000 years, olive oil proclaimed as "liquid gold" has been used as a healing elixir, restoring "new" life to anything it touched. With consistent use, olive oil has historically been known to improve elasticity and hydration in hair. Deep penetrating conditioner helps restore moisture and rebuild damaged hair. Known to improve elasticity & hydration. Deep penetrating. Restore moisture &...
ORS HAIRepair Anti-Breakage Crème helps moisturize and condition weak and damaged hair. Formulated with a blend of bamboo extract, shea butter and other essential ingredients that have been known to help reduce breakage and dryness in natural and relaxed hair. With continued use, hair will appear stronger with a beautiful healthy-looking shine.
The mix for dry, damaged hair.
Shealicious gives you a chance to mix and blend to your own specifications in a convenient one time use conditioning cup. One side rich shea butter conditioner, and the second side is filled with a pure essential oil blend. Bathe your hair in moisture and nutrients offering simple solutions to your every day hair care needs.
Carefully balanced...
An extra rich hair softener and moisturizer for naturals.
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Moisturizes and strengthens damaged and overprocessed hair from within the hair shaft Helps mend split ends and provides incredible body and shine Contains egg protein and olive oil for additional moisturizing ability Infused with essential oils and organic amino acids for added strength and shine
ORS HAIRepair Vital Oils for Hair & Scalp is a non-greasy oil which revitalizes dry hair and relieves dry scalp.
Formulated with a rich blend of light oils and extracts, including grape seed and sweet almond oils, it easily penetrates the hair shaft and soothes the scalp. It won't weigh the hair down or clog the pores and adds shine.
The HAIRepair Straightening & Strengthening Treatment by ORS is designed to strengthen and smooth the cuticle helping you achieve more manageable hair with impeccable body and shine. With the help from thermal irons, our system helps to create a protective shield that locks in moisture and guards against humidity.
Enriched with natural ingredients like coconut extract, aloe vera and...


text:
Feb. 24, 2017– For a 10th year the Norman Regional Health System, the Norman Regional Health Foundation, Moore Norman Technology Center's Dental Assisting class and Norman Public Schools have... read more
Feb. 23, 2017 -- This spring Moore Norman Technology Center offers free tax education courses taught by Whitney Craig, director of tax and accounting and Monica Hickok, tax consultant, both with... read more
(NORMAN, Okla.) Feb. 17, 2017 – The Norman Kiwanis Club and the Moore Rotary Club have selected two students of the month from Moore Norman Technology Center.
Crobin Ary is the Moore Rotary Club... read more
"Screwing up and learning from it is better than succeeding." This statement by Computer Aided Design and Drafting Instructor John Means defines the philosophy behind MNTC's trebuchet project.
The... read more
by Rob McClendon, Oklahoma Horizon TV Show
There may be dark economic clouds gathering around the capitol, but today beneath the dome a celebration is underway for those who battle against the storm... read more
(NORMAN, Okla.) Jan. 25, 2017 – The Norman Kiwanis Club and the Moore Rotary Club have honored two students of the month from Moore Norman Technology Center.
Ryan Groh is the Norman Kiwanis Club... read more
School Boards Make a World of Difference
January 5, 2017 – January is School Board Recognition Month, an opportunity for local schools and communities to honor more than 2,700 elected school board... read more
Applicants for Dental Assisting and Surgical Technology are required to attend an information session as part of the application process. Information sessions are an opportunity for... read more
(NORMAN, Okla.) Dec. 14, 2016 – The Norman Kiwanis and Moore Rotary Clubs selected two students from Moore Norman Technology Center to honor as December students of the month.
Southmoore High School... read more
Dec. 6, 2016 -- The Air Conditioning, Heating & Refrigeration Institute recently announced that Moore Norman Technology Center student Joseph De Santiago is the recipient of a $1,500 Rees... read more
Dec. 2, 2016 – Moore Norman Technology Center's Federation of Teachers Union #4890 awarded three student scholarships totaling $1,050 to current MNTC students this week. The students are enrolled in... read more
Nov. 17, 2016 — Moore Norman Technology Center's Franklin Road Campus in Norman and South Penn Campus in south Oklahoma City are closed for the Thanksgiving holiday from Nov. 23-27. Both campuses... read more
Nov. 11, 2016 – The Norman Kiwanis Club and Moore Rotary Club selected two students from Moore Norman Technology Center to honor as November students of the month.
Moore High School junior and MNTC... read more
Nov. 1, 2016 -- Moore Norman Technology Center has two dates scheduled to assist high school seniors and adult students in preparing their college applications as a part of National College App Week... read more
(NORMAN, Okla.) Oct. 28, 2016 -- Moore Norman Technology Center will host an Oklahoma Blood Institute public blood drive from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. Nov. 3 at MNTC's South Penn Campus located at the... read more
Oct. 19, 2016 – The Norman Kiwanis Club and Moore Rotary Club selected two students from Moore Norman Technology Center to honor as October students of the month.
Southmoore High School senior and... read more
Oct. 13, 2016 -- Moore Norman Technology Center, in partnership with Moore and Norman Public Schools, will host a student transition fair called Connect Now for the Future from 5:30 to 8 p.m. Oct. 18... read more
Sept. 15, 2016 -- Moore Norman Technology Center's annual Frank S. Coulter Memorial Golf Tournament was held Monday at the Belmar Golf Club in Norman. Dozens of local businesses and individuals... read more
July 19, 2016 – The National Association of School Resource Officers (NASRO) recently awarded the Safe Schools Leadership Award to Jerry McConnell, facility and operations director at Moore Norman... read more
July 7, 2016 – Moore Norman Technology Center's Small Business Management Coordinator Henry Dumas recently earned the Associate Certified Coach (ACC) designation through the International Coach... read more
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Home > News > Nanotechnology to take off: ICSTI
July 14th, 2004
Nanotechnology to take off: ICSTI
Nanotechnology is emerging worldwide as a key enabling technology that will impact significantly on the majority of sectors comprising the Irish economy, according to Dr Edward Walsh, chairman of the Irish Council for Science, Technology and Innovation, or ICSTI.
RTÉ Business
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text: Girls' wafer terry zip hoodieItem 58222Color:NEON GERANIUM Size:All sizes are US sizes.234-56-7810121416Size Charts Quantity:123456789Prices do not include taxes.Add to Bag Wishlistshare:size & fit Product Details An essential layer for girls on the go. Made from lightweight terry cotton, this hardworking hoodie will zip her up in comfy style from homeroom to hang time at home. She'll wear it every day of the week if you let her.Terry cotton.Long sleeves.Slant pockets.Machine wash.Import.Our colors really pop, but you can't tell just how vibrant some of them are until you see them in person.Item 58222.


text:
Lyrics Depot is your source of lyrics to Leave Home by The Huntingtons. Please check back for more The Huntingtons lyrics.
Leave Home Lyrics
Artist: The Huntingtons
Album: Fun And Games
note on my door said son we got to chat
got things to chat over love mom and dad
don't mean to hurt you it's just better this way
we're awful sorry you're welcome to stay but
we're leaving home
miss mom's home cooking and dad's stupid jokes
where are they now i guess nobody knows
sunny hawaii or montego bay
when i read that note i can still hear them say
i got a postcard and you say that you're alright
birthday's ther come and go still you're no where in sight
no mother to tuck me in my bed tonight
no father ther to help me with the christmas lights
The Huntingtons Lyrics
The Huntingtons Fun And Games Lyrics
More The Huntingtons Music Lyrics:
The Huntingtons - High School Rock-N-Roll Lyrics
The Huntingtons - I Wanna Be A Ramone Lyrics
The Huntingtons - Jeannie Hates The Ramones Lyrics
The Huntingtons - Lucy's About To Lose Her Mind Lyrics
The Huntingtons - Nobody Likes Me Lyrics
The Huntingtons - Rock N' Roll Girl Lyrics
The Huntingtons - She's The One Lyrics
The Huntingtons - Today Your Love, Tomorrow The World Lyrics


text:
12 Thrifty Trash to Treasure Crafts
Bonus: Get our newsletter & special offers for free. We will not share or sell your email address. View our Privacy Policy
Latest Comments
"I agree with those who said projects with glass, glitter, etc., are adults-only projects. I would also add to the list any project that involves a lengthy set of instructions or takes a long time to complete, as I think kids would just get frustrated and impatient."
"I can not even tell you how cute these penguins are. I love them. Reminds me of Happy Feet an that is just what I will make them. So adorable and so simple to make using a water bottle and a sock. Now how many ones do I have that do not have mates and that hat gives the penguin some personality. How about making a few and changing them a little and making your own Happy Feet collection foe a mantel or centerpiece. How cute will that be. Great tutorial."
"A cute colorful wreath for getting in the spring mood. Soft pastels to remind us of the up coming beautiful spring days with a cute fun and easy project that can be done with the whole family inside or out on the patio enjoying the beautiful weather. So inexpensive and a great idea to use the food colors to paint the ends and you can even teach kids how colors mixed together make different colors. You can get creative with this wreath by using the colored cupcake liners, glitter or even embellishments. Super tutorial and a great spring break project. Let's see some pictures of creative minds."
Kristin Elaine
"Home decor pieces, such as furniture crafts or complex wall art. Not for kids because of skill level and also because they probably wouldn't care about the finished project!"
"I love it. It is simple once you get the idea. And think how versatile this pattern would be. You can dress them up by using glitter beads or switch colors for the seasons. Green and red at Christmas, pink or purple for Easter, brown and orange for thanksgiving and so on. I am going to have to experiment a little with them."
Wine Bottle Crafts
Combine your love of crafting with your love of vino with these stunning and simple wine bottle crafts. These crafts made from wine bottles and wine cork crafts help you recycle treasured bottles in brand new ways.
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text:
Good Dog: Studies & Research
The influence of each species' feeding ecology
Humans tend to be risk-averse, which is often illustrated by our decision when offered either $100 or the opportunity for a 50-50 shot at receiving either $200 or nothing. In general, humans go for the sure thing. We are not, as a species, risk-prone, or we would gamble on the shot at getting the bigger payoff.
It turns out that a number of studies across a broad range of species have shown that how a species responds to risk is predictable based on their feeding ecology. Animals who depend on erratic, ephemeral food sources, such as meat that they hunt or fruits that are patchy and only ripe for a brief time, tend to be risk-prone. They are willing to gamble on the big payoff. Species that eat diverse types of food or food that is more reliably available, such as vegetation, are risk-averse.
Some of our primate relatives are like us, and some are the opposite. For example, bonobos and lemurs (who both eat a very diverse diet that is mainly vegetarian) are risk-averse like us, choosing a sure thing of lower value over a chance at something better. Chimpanzees and capuchin monkeys—both meat and patchy fruit eaters—are different, being risk-prone and choosing the option that may yield a big reward but could leave then empty-handed. This pattern has appeared in closely-related species birds, too, where those who eat insects are risk-prone, while species who eat seeds are risk-averse.
Scientists haven't fully explored how widespread this pattern of feeding ecology predicting risk-taking behavior is, but wolves and dogs are an interesting test case. These two species diverged quite recently in an evolutionary sense, but their feeding ecologies differ greatly. Wolves are primarily hunters and dogs are mainly scavengers. Hunting has a high failure rate, but the rewards of a big kill are enormous. In contrast, the source of food for the vast majority of dogs worldwide is human refuse, which tends to be available far more regularly.
In a recent study called "Exploring Differences in Dogs' and Wolves' Preference for Risk in a Foraging Task" scientists investigated whether wolves and dogs conform to the pattern seen across so many other species. Based on their different feeding ecologies, they predicted that compared with each other, wolves would be risk-prone and dogs would be risk-averse. The study was done at Wolf Science Centre in Austria, using dogs and wolves who were raised and live at the facility and have had the same overall experiences there.
The subjects of the study were trained to choose either a bowl that contained a dry pellet of food or a bowl that had a fifty percent chance of containing a piece of meat and a fifty percent chance of holding a stone. After each choice, the subject was given the contents of the bowl. All the wolves and dogs in the study were subject to tests to confirm that they understood the choice they were making and also to confirm that they preferred the meat to the dry food pellet.
The researchers found that the pattern of risk-taking seen in other species also applied to wolves and dogs. As expected, wolves were more risk-prone than dogs. However, there is more to this study than that simple conclusion. Wolves learned the system faster than the dogs, and the researchers acknowledge that they may have understood it better than the dogs. Additionally, dogs' preference for the meat versus dry food pellet was not as strong as it was for wolves. Therefore, the risk of losing out and getting nothing for the chance to get something only a little better than a food pellet may not have been worth it to dogs. There was greater variation among individual dogs in risk-taking strategy compared with wolves, who were more similar in their choices, so it's possible that there are dogs who are risk-prone as well as dogs who are risk-averse. (Dogs made the risky choice from 38 to 76 percent of the time, while wolves took the risky option 70 to 95 percent of the time.)
Overall, despite the conclusions made from the data in this study, direct comparisons of the choices made by these two species may require further study. It would be very interesting to learn more about decisions to take risks by dogs and wolves in a study with more than seven of each species, though I realize possible subjects for a study such as this are limited. It would also be fascinating to know about the decisions foxes and coyotes would make if presented with the same choices. Comparative research that include dogs as one species among many allow us to learn a great deal about how their evolutionary history and ecology have affected their behavior. It's one of many ways that we can deepen our understanding of the animals who share our homes and live in our hearts.
Culture: DogPatch
Are We Smart Enough to Know How Smart Animals Are?
In Are We Smart Enough to Know How Smart Animals Are? Frans de Waal presents a fascinating history of the study of animal behavior and cognition. De Waal, who says his love of animals dates to his childhood, is a worldrenowned primatologist and ethologist and director of the Living Links Center at the Yerkes National Primate Research Center. We asked him to shift gears and give us his take on the canine mind.
Bark: Konrad Lorenz (co-founder of your field) wrote Man Meets Dog in 1954. And while it is still one of the best, if slightly flawed, books on canine behavior, why did it take so long for ethologists, and other researchers, to to study dog behavior?
Frans de Waal: Dogs were (and are) considered imperfect subjects of study because they are "unnatural." Many ethologists, including Lorenz, feel that natural behavior under naturalistic conditions is what we should focus on, and the dog is a product of artificial breeding. Lorenz liked all animals, however, and so couldn't resist describing his dog stories, and we should all be grateful.
Clearly, the dog is a mammal with many typical mammalian tendencies, so now scientists are finally seeing that the fact that they are domesticated also has advantages. For example, they are eager to work with us, they are generally not dangerous, they are smart, they have empathy. Lots of great things can be done with them. And they are easier to work with than other large mammals, such as apes and dolphins.
Bk: Can you give an example of how other species, including dogs, demonstrate empathy?
FdW: American psychologist Carolyn Zahn-Waxler sought to determine at what age children begin to comfort family members who sobbed or cried "ouch." It turns out that children do so at one year of age. In the same study, Zahn-Waxler accidentally discovered that household dogs react similarly. Appearing as upset as the children by the distress-faking family members, the dogs hovered over them, putting their heads in their laps with what looked like great concern. This work has recently been repeated in different studies, more focused on the dogs themselves, and it is clear that these animals show empathic concern for humans.
The ancestor of the dog, the wolf, probably behaves the same. If "man is wolf to man," as Thomas Hobbes liked to say, we should take this in the best possible way, including a tendency to comfort the whimpering and help the needy. This insight, of course, would undermine much of political philosophy based on Hobbes' dog-eat-dog view of nature.
Bk: Do you think human bias has played a part in some of the canine cognitive studies?
FdW: At first, dogs were rated as more intelligent than even apes and wolves because they followed the direction of human pointing (at a bucket with food), whereas apes and wolves ignored human directions. Then it was found that wolves raised in a human home will act more like dogs, following human pointing, suggesting that the earlier failures with wolves were probably due to lack of bonding and attention. The same probably applies to the apes. Now, dogs are seen not just as smart but rather, as finely in tune with the species that bred them.
They have a special bond with us, as also reflected in the oxytocin studies, which show that human-dog contact increases this "cuddle" hormone in both. The dog is perhaps the only animal that performs at its peak when tested by humans, whereas many other animals are not so into us, hence need to be tested in different ways. This is yet more proof that cognitive testing of animals always needs to take into account what kind of animal we are dealing with: we need to find the most species-appropriate way.
Bk: In contrast to behaviorism's reward/ punishment model, ethology views animals as "seeking, wanting and striving." Why do you feel the latter is a more productive way to look at animals?
FdW: The behaviorists (followers of B. F. Skinner) totally overlooked natural animal tendencies. Trying to explain all behavior on the basis of reward and punishment, they could not explain why you can train a dog to fetch, but not a rabbit or a goat.
Predators are obsessed with small moving objects, which we see every day in our dogs as well as cats. Their interest sets up a learning situation where they are going to absorb many lessons about how to catch these moving objects, how to trick them, how to outsmart them. Dogs eagerly learn all of those things.
Reward and punishment are only small parts of the story; their natural hunting instinct is, in fact, the driver of the process. This is where behaviorism failed. It had some good ideas, many of them applicable to animal training, but its perspective was far too narrow as it lacked attention to natural tendencies and the evolution of behavior.
Bk: Why do you think Darwin used dogs to illustrate emotional continuity?
FdW: Darwin was a dog lover, and he knew that to get his message across about the continuity between human and animal emotions, the dog would be the easiest way to communicate. Darwin mostly worked on the expression of emotions (it's hard to know what animals feel, but we can at least document how they signal various states, such as fear, submission, anger, affection). Of course, the dog is very expressive with its postures, facial expressions, tail-wagging, growling and so on. Darwin knew that most people could relate to all of this, and would have more trouble if he described other species that people have less exposure to.
Bk: In terms of an evolutionary advantage, how important is it for a species to have self-awareness, or theory of mind?
FdW: These capacities require large brains. In terms of recognizing oneself in the mirror or understanding what others know, the champion species are apes, dolphins, elephants and perhaps also the corvids (crow family). This doesn't mean that dogs lack them. They probably have similar understanding, but not as fully expressed.
The more complex the societies of a species, the more demands there are on cognition, and perhaps canines do not need social understanding at the level of an ape or dolphin. I feel we need to judge animals on what they are good at and what they need to know to survive. In this regard, canines have lots of specialized skills, often related to their sense of smell, their pursuit of prey, their need for tight cooperation and so on. This is where we should test them out, and probably find remarkable skills.
Bk: Clearly, emotions are important to the understanding of behavior; how do they relate to and inform one another?
FdW: In my book, I left emotions out on purpose because I felt it would muddle things. But there can be no studies of cognition without attention to the emotions, and vice versa. The two go hand in hand. In our famous capuchin monkey experiment with the grape and the cucumber, for example, you can see not only that the monkeys judge what they get relative to what others get, but also their strong emotional response. You cannot study the one and ignore the other.
Culture: DogPatch
The Vital Role of Dogs in the Search for Cancer Cures.
Bev Thompson: How challenging was it to separate from the loss of your sister in order to write Heal? What kept you going?
Arlene Weintraub: Well, not challenging at all, but quite motivating. For example, I learned about a drug for gastric cancer that was first tried with dogs with a particular genetic mutation; it was one of the first targeted drugs for cancer. Basil the Golden Retriever had his life extended by eight years, which, for a dog, is a lifetime. This cure inspired me to continue researching.
BT: How many dogs are in dog cancer trials, as opposed to human cancer trials?
AW: It's case-by-case in these trials. One advantage is that animal trials don't require thousands of patients. Just a couple of hundred are needed to get a drug approved.
BT: How can we find a reputable cancer trial?
AW: The way to find cancer trials for pets that translate to therapies that might help people is to contact vet schools. Many are leading a lot of the trials in comparative oncology. Also the Comparative Oncology Trials Consortium (COTC) is a source listed in the book.
BT: When should a companion animal owner pursue radical but potentially life-saving treatment?
AW: Standards are much stricter in veterinary than human medicine. Vets are very clear that if dogs are unhappy in the trial and the drugs have serious side effects, they will be taken out of the trial. Their duty to the pet is making them better—that's the vow they take as veterinarians.
BT: What was your most surprising research finding?
AW: I can't think of only one. Cancer research has advanced tremendously since the book was published. The thing I remember most was how grateful the dog owners were to enroll in these trials. Many owners were looking at nothing but euthanasia and were grateful to have extra time with their pets.
BT: I know that one of your favorite stories is "Cali's Total Mastectomy" in chapter six. Why is this so meaningful to you?
AW: I was able to meet the dog who was cured and her owner, a breast cancer survivor. Both suffered the same disease and were cured. The University of Pennsylvania is taking dogs from shelters with mammary tumors and adopting them out to families. They are trying to learn what makes benign tumors turn metastatic by looking at tumors in various stages in the same dog. Some of their findings have recently been published.
BT: Do you think we will push beyond traditional medical protocol and let a dog's nose nudge us closer to detecting cancer cells by scent even before symptoms show up?
AW: There is more interest in the idea of figuring out what dogs are detecting in the early stages of cancer, and then translating that into a breath-a-lizer or an electronic nose for use in an annual physical—devices that can be developed for lung, ovarian and gastrointestinal cancers. Any cancer-detection method —dogs or devices—must be close to 100 percent accurate. False negatives are a challenge for early detection.
BT: Coming full circle, did you find that you were able to heal by penning Heal?
AW: I had pretty much lost my faith in science with the death of my sister. I didn't think anything would work. No new ideas. Then I came to the realization that there are scientists out there exploring innovative scientific leads. New ideas from [the study of] dogs can offer tremendous benefits to the search for cancer cures.
Good Dog: Studies & Research
What you say and how you say it both matter
Humans use both words and the intonation of speech to decipher the meaning of language, and it turns out that our dogs do, too. In a research paper called "Neural mechanisms for lexical processing in dogs" scientists investigated how dogs process the meaning of language. They found that dogs' brains have even more in common with humans' brains than previously thought. (It's not clear when we will collectively stop being surprised by this, but I hope we always remain excited about new evidence to explain why we feel that dogs are kindred spirits.)
In this study, dogs who have been trained to remain still while their brain activity is recorded listened to recordings of their trainers talking. There were four types of recordings: 1) words of praise spoken with intonation typically associated with praise, 2) words of praise spoken with a neutral intonation, 3) neutral words spoken with intonation typically associated with praise, and 4) neutral words spoken with a neutral intonation.
Researchers analyzed the brain activity of the dogs in response to each of the recordings, and came to several conclusions about the way that dogs respond to words and the intonation of human speech. The dogs processed the vocabulary in the left hemisphere of their brains, which is where humans also process the meaning of words. The dogs processed the intonation of the words separately, in a different region of the brain. Just as humans do, dogs processed the intonation of human speech in the right hemisphere of their brain. Dogs also process sounds that convey emotion without words in this same region of the brain's right hemisphere.
Dogs process both words and the intonation of human speech to decipher meaning. Just as humans do, they process these two aspects of speech separately, then integrate them to determine the full meaning of what was said. Only the praise that was spoken like praise—higher pitched than normal speech and with more variation in pitch—activated the reward centers of dogs' brains. Though they may understand words of praise said in any manner, it only makes dogs happy to hear us praise them when we do it with proper feeling.
This research does more than reveal yet another similarity in the way that human and dog brains process information. It also suggests that the ability to connect a word to a meaning did not develop with the evolution of spoken language. Rather, it is a more ancient ability that can be made use of in the context of the human-dog relationship to link specific sounds to specific meanings.
The take away messages from this research are that dogs process two parts of spoken language—words and intonation—the same way that humans do and if you want to make your dogs happy, you have to praise them like you mean it!
Good Dog: Studies & Research
Individual variation explains a lot
Dogs are well known to be chowhounds. The idea that they love food more than anything else is practically (excuse the expression) dogma in the fields of canine behavior and dog training. The trouble is, recent research suggests that it is not true for all dogs.
In a study called "Awake Canine fMRI Predicts Dogs' Preference for Praise Versus Food" scientists investigated whether dogs prefer treats or praise, and whether their choice can be predicted by their brains' response to both stimuli. In one experiment, they measured the level of activation of the brain's ventral caudate, an area known to function as a reward center, in response to items that predicted various outcomes. A toy car predicted that verbal praise was coming, a toy horse predicted that food on its way and a hairbrush was associated with nothing. Dogs were trained to make these associations with a series of 40 pairings of each object with what it predicted. The activation of the specific region of the brain was measured with functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), which is possible because the dogs in the study have all been trained to remain motionless while in the scanner.
The average activation of the reward center of the brain was higher in the food and praise conditions than in the neutral condition, which shows that the dogs did learn the associations between the objects and what the objects predicted. (Each dog's responses in the brain to seeing the toy horse and NOT receiving the expected praise was also measured.) There were 15 dogs in this experiment, and most of them had a similar response in the reward center to the food or to the praise. Four showed a stronger response to praise and two showed a stronger response to food. The average response to praise and to food did not differ.
In another experiment, dogs were placed in a Y-maze and given the opportunity to choose which arm of the maze to go to. One arm led to a food bowl with treats and the other arm led to the dog's guardian, who provided petting and praise. Each dog was tested in the Y-maze 20 times. Seven dogs in the study chose the guardian the more times than the food, and seven dogs chose the food more often. One dog chose the guardian and the food an equal number of times.
The relative value of praise versus food in the first experiment was highly predictive of the choices that dogs made in the Y-maze experiment. Dogs whose ventral caudate showed a strong response to praise were more likely to choose their guardian over food but dogs who did not show such a strong response to praise relative to food were more likely to head for the food when given a choice.
Regrettably, the results of this study have erroneously been reported in many places as proof that dogs prefer praise and belly rubs to treats, and suggested that using treats in training is therefore unnecessary. It has been written in many places discussing this study that 13 of 15 dogs prefer praise to food, and that's not correct. What the researchers actually wrote is that in 13 of the 15 dogs, the ventral caudate showed either roughly equal activation to food and to praise or greater activation to praise than to food.
It's quite interesting that roughly half of the dogs chose their guardian over food. For those dogs, social interaction such as praise and belly rubs may be more effective than treats in training. However, caution is important when acting on the findings in this study because the research may overestimate the response of dogs to their guardians relative to food in situations outside the laboratory setting.
The lab may have been stressful, causing a bias in dogs towards an increased interest in their guardians when compared with food. They may have been seeking comfort from their guardians in a way that they might not be during typical training situations. The scientists do point out that these dogs have been trained to stay still in the scanner and that the lab is a familiar environment. That does not mean the dogs are as comfortable as they are at home or in other areas such as on neighborhood walks, at the park or at the training center where they attend classes. It's important to know what dogs choose in the actual training setting before changing what reinforcement to use based on lab research.
Additionally, although dogs may value social connections over food when the social interaction is with their guardian, not all training occurs between guardian and pet. I do a lot of training with dogs who I adore, but I don't share quite the same bond with them as they do with their own guardian. So, just because dogs may prefer affection from their guardian over food does not mean that they prefer affection from just anyone over food. Finally, in many training scenarios, dogs receive praise in addition to food during training, and that may be more effective than either one alone.
Many people swear that their dogs prefer praise and petting to treats, and others are just as certain that food wins out every time with their dogs. Perhaps the most important lesson from this study is that individual variation in preferences is huge. If you feel strongly about what matters most to dogs, there's a good chance you're right—when it comes to your dog, anyway.
Do you think your dog would go for food or for praise and affection if given the choice?
News: Guest Posts
Not surprisingly, a study published July 29, 2016 found that the English Bulldog no longer retains enough genetic diversity to correct life-threatening physical and genomic abnormalities. This means breeders cannot use the established population of purebred dogs to reverse the trend in extreme and painful exaggerations such as crippling dwarfism and respiratory deformities - traits that uninformed pet-owners find appealing.
In the early 1800s Bulldogs were trained for bull-baiting, a particularly cruel and vicious sport. In 1835 the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals convinced Parliament to enact the first animal cruelty law for the protection of domestic animals, including outlawing bull baiting.
As such, the Bulldog had outlived its usefulness. Like the pre-19th century Wolfhound that disappeared with the eradication of wolves in the British Isles, and the Tumbler whose demise was the invention of hunting firearms, the Bulldog was destined for extinction.
English Bulldog from 1890
But it was not to be. Beginning about 1840, the Victorian dog fancy's unabashed sentimentality was a catalyst for saving even the most formidable working breeds from their inevitable demise. Like many others, such as the Dachshund and Mastiff, Bulldogs went from working hard to hardly working.
Utility dogs were "refined" and transformed to fill jobs they weren't originally bred for - as show dogs and companions. Altered physical and behavior characteristics along with decreased levels of aggression were more compatible for their augmented duties as house pets.
English Bulldogs from 1920s
Beginning in the late 1890s, Bulldog breeders (and other breeders as well) selected small groups of genes from a diverse genome and created new breed-types. They were in effect increasing the odds that genetic anomalies would more likely be expressed to bring out exaggerated traits, like the Bulldog's baby-like face, corkscrew tail and affable personality.
As "desirable" aesthetic traits were selected for, other genetic variants including beneficial genes that contribute to overall health were eliminated from the gene pool, never to be reclaimed.
In the last few decades the most exaggerated traits in the Bulldog - the extreme brachycephalic skull and deformed skeleton- have become increasingly pronounced because naive consumers want that type of dog and consequently that's what many breeders select for.
Driven by economics, fashion, and uninformed decisions, breeders and buyers either ignore or are unaware of the genetic problems that have spread throughout the population.
The demise of the breed may not be a good thing for Bulldog-lovers, but it will thankfully put an end to the malformed and painfully crippled modern Bulldog we recognize today.
The good news is that some breeders are intent on bringing back the "Olde-Fashioned-Bulldogge".
News: Guest Posts
Reason number I've-lost-count that dogs are better than pretty much everything else: They're sniffing out health disasters waiting to happen — and once again proving they are true lifesavers.
Studies out of Cambridge University and the University of Oxford have revealed new findings about a chemical called isoprene. It seems levels of isoprene rise when blood sugar levels fall, and its scent can be detected by dogs on human breath. Which is excellent news for Type 1 diabetics and for parents of children with diabetes.
Diabetics are particularly susceptible to experiencing life-threateningly low levels of blood sugar while they sleep. But Diabetic Alert Dogs, as they're called, are trained to watch over diabetic kids during the night. If a dog detects the smell of isoprene, she'll first try to wake the child. If there's no response, the dog is trained to then go alert the parents.
According to a report in the Endocrinology Advisor, the new role for humans' best friend is proving incredibly valuable: "Diabetic alert dog owners as a whole have expressed high satisfaction and confidence in their canine guardians."
So now, in addition to lowering blood pressure and sniffing out certain types of cancer, preventing hypoglycemic episodes can be added to the list of dogs' health-preserving abilities. Indeed, their noses remain a step ahead of science. Pretty amazing for a species who asks for so little from their human partners.
Good Dog: Behavior & Training
Differential use of the left and right nostril
The common wisdom that dogs can smell fear doesn't give dogs full credit to the nuances of their ability to sense emotion through their noses. A recent study titled "The dog nose "KNOWS" fear: Asymmetric nostril use during sniffing at canine and human emotional stimuli" examined dogs' tendencies to sniff various substances with the right or the left nostril. Exploring this side bias may seem like looking at random details, but the side of the nose used to sniff something tells us a lot about the dog's emotional reaction to the odor. The use of one side of the body indicates a differential use of one side of the brain or the other, which is a clue to the dog's emotions.
The left side of the brain processes more positive emotions such as happiness and excitement as well as stimuli that are familiar. The right side of the brain tends to take over when a dog is processing negative emotions such as sadness or fear as well as novel stimuli. In general, the right side of the body is controlled by the left hemisphere of the brain and vice versa. However, the nose is an exception; the right nostril sends information to the right side of the brain to be processed and the left nostril sends its information to the left side. The findings of this study suggest that the pathways used to process various olfactory stimuli are dependent on more than just whether they elicit negative or positive feelings.
Eight odors were tested—four from dogs and four from humans. The four human odors were collected as sweat from donors who were joyful, fearful, physically stressed, or in a neutral situation. The joyful and fearful states were elicited by movies, and the physical stress odor was collected after donors ran for 15-minutes. The four canine odors were collected from dogs who were happy following a play session with the guardian, stressed by isolation in an unfamiliar place, disturbed by a stranger approaching the car, and dogs who were asleep. The dogs who "donated" odors were different from the dogs whose sniffing behavior was studied.
To further explore the phenomenon of side bias in sniffing, the guardians of the dogs in the study filled out a questionnaire related to each dog's temperament. During the study, dogs were led to a video camera under which was mounted a Q-tip saturated with various odors. The videos captured the dog's sniffing behavior so that it was possible to determine a laterality index for each dog for every odor based on the amount of time spent sniffing with each nostril. A laterality index of 1.0 indicated exclusive use of the left nostril and negative 1.0 indicated exclusive use of the right nostril. Dogs' cardiac activity was also recorded during the tests of each odor.
I'm sure it's the science geek in me, but I got a kick out of reading the sentence, "Results for nostril use are shown in Figure 2." Three of the odors elicited consistent sidedness in nostril use and five of them did not. Dogs more frequently used the right nostril to sniff the canine isolation odor. They more frequently used the left nostril to sniff the human fear odor and the odor from human physical stress.
There were two ways in which the results of the questionnaire were correlated with the laterality pattern for a particular odor. The higher a guardian ranked the dog's fear/aggressiveness to other dogs, the more likely that dog was to use the right nostril for sniffing the disturbed canine odor. This suggests that individual differences in emotional arousal and perhaps even in temperament influence asymmetries in sniffing behavior. Dogs with higher scores for predatory behavior used the left nostril more for sniffing the odor that came from physically stressed humans. This makes sense when we consider that it is structures in the left side of dogs' brains that are involved in predatory behavior.
Dogs' brains are every bit as amazing as their noses, as research about both of them reveal!
Good Dog: Behavior & Training
Natural detection task is very revealing
We all know that Beagles have better noses than Whippets, right? This almost seems too obvious to point out, especially to anyone who has ever had a dog of either breed. However, the authors of a recent study claim to be the first to scientifically document a difference in olfactory abilities across groups of dogs.
The researchers compared scenting ability across four groups of canines: dog breeds that have been selected for scenting abilities, dog breeds that have not been selected for scenting abilities, short-nosed dogs and hand-reared wolves. The task asked of these animals was simple—find the raw meat in a container that is hidden underneath one of five pots. There were multiple tests that varied in difficulty based on the number of holes in the container's lid.
The results of the study were that dogs bred for scenting ability performed better than both short-nosed dogs and dogs who were not bred for their olfactory capabilities. The short-nosed dogs performed worse than any other group, suggesting that breeding for this head and face shape has adversely affected olfaction. In the most difficult of the tests, only wolves and the dogs bred for scenting abilities performed better than what would be expected if the animals were just guessing. Wolves improved their performance when they were re-tested, but the dogs in all three groups were no better the second time around.
Since dogs did not improve with repeated testing, this test may be a useful one-and-done way to assess a dog's scenting capabilities. That is important because there is currently no standard method for testing the olfactory ability of dogs, but the method in this study could be used for quick assessments of dogs' abilities. Most ways of testing dogs involve a match-to-sample design, which means that the dogs are taught a scent and they then have to find the same scent from among a group of scents. That requires extensive training, so it is impossible to determine to what degree those tests are assessing trainability and to what extent they measure scenting ability. Both trainability and olfactory ability are important for success as a working detection dog, but there's great value in evaluating each trait independently.
News: Guest Posts
An international group of scientists proposes dual domestication from wolves.
Among the many hotly debated topics related to the appearance of dogs in the lives of humans is how often and where it first occurred. In their landmark 1997 paper on dog origins, Robert K. Wayne, Carles Vilá, and their colleagues made the case for multiple origins, but many other students of dog evolution, including Peter Savolainen, a co-author on that paper, have repeatedly and strongly argued for a single place of origin.
In this week's Science magazine (June 3, 2016) [the article is available here, gratis], Laurent Frantz of Oxford University's ancient dog program, writing for more than a score of his colleagues from institutions around the world, presents the case for dual domestication of Paleolithic wolves in Western Eurasia and Eastern Asia. According to this hypothesis, a now extinct ancestral wolf split into at least two genetically distinct populations on opposite sides of the Eurasian continent where they encountered and joined forces with humans to become dogs.
Frantz and his coauthors pin much of their argument on analysis and comparison of the fully sequenced genome of a 4,800- year old dog unearthed at Newgrange, Ireland, to other ancient and modern dogs and modern wolves. They found it retained "a degree of ancestry" different from modern dogs or modern wolves. Using that and other evidence the researchers argue that the most comprehensive model for the appearance of the dog involves at least two domestication events 15,000 or more years ago. Frantz writes: "The eastern dog population then dispersed westward alongside humans at some point between 6,400 and 14,000 years ago, into Western Europe (10,11, 20), where they partially replaced an indigenous Paleolithic dog population. Our hypothesis reconciles previous studies that have suggested that domestic dogs originated either in East Asia (9, 19) or in Europe (7)."
I asked Greger Larson, co-director of the Oxford project and corresponding author on the paper, just what were the boundaries of "Western Eurasia," comprised apparently of Europe and the Middle East, and "Eastern Asia?" He answered in an email that the boundaries were left deliberately vague because where wolves became dogs remains unknown, like the date itself.
In Science, Frantz writes: [W]e calculated the divergence time between two modern Russian wolves used in the study and the modern dogs to be 60,000 to 20,000 years ago." The first number puts the dog in the time when Neanderthal was still the big kid on the European block, raising the possibility that Neanderthal had protodogs or that early modern humans came to Europe with dogs or soon allied with wolves. Either of the first two prospects must have set off alarms in some circles for Frantz cautions that those dates should not be taken as "a time frame for domestication" because the wolves they used may not have been "closely related to the population(s) that gave rise to dogs."
Fundamentally, this paper is at once a bold attempt to come up with a workable hypothesis to explain the appearance of the dog in human affairs and a tentative step into troubled waters. Left unanswered are virtually all outstanding questions regarding the who, what, when, where, and why of the transformation of wolves to dogs. Geographically all it does is exclude Central Asia. Whether it does so wrongly may depend on how you define Central Asia geographically.
What makes it bold and radical even is the suggestion that early humans and wolves could have gotten together wherever and whenever they met on the trail of the big game they were following. There are many reasons for that including similar social and familial cultures, but humans and wolves could have joined forces to have become more successful hunters. We learn from Wolves on the Hunt: The Behavior of Wolves Hunting Prey by L. David Mech, Douglas W. Smith, and Daniel R. MacNulty (Chicago, 2016) that while wolves appear excellent at finding and trailing game, they are not very good at making the kill, succeeding perhaps half the time. It is dangerous work at which humans with their weapons excel.
Imagine the scene: Human hunters locate wolves on the hunt by watching ravens who are known to follow them. Human hunters move in for the kill and take as many animals as they can. If smart, they might share immediately with the wolves. If not, the wolves might consume what the humans do not carry off or follow them back to their encampment to take what they can.
The rest is a tale of accommodation through socialization—the ability to bond with another being—and all that entails.
This article originally appeared in Psychology Today's Dog's Best Friend, used with permission.
Copyright © 1997-2017 The Bark, Inc. Dog Is My Co-Pilot® is a registered trademark of The Bark, Inc


text:
Rain for a Dusty Summer, aka Guns of the Revoludion (December 15, 1971)
Released on December 15, 1971: A lighthearted historic adventure about the last priest in Mexico, José Ramón Miguel Agustín Pro Juárez, aka Blessed Miguel Pro, in the early 1900's.
Produced by G.B. Buscemi
Directed by Arthur Lubin
Written by Franklin Lacey with screenplay by G.B. Buscemi and Julius Evans
The Actors: Ernest Borgnine (the General), Humberto Almazan (Miguel Pro), Sancho Gracia (Humberto Pro), Aldo Sambrell (Colonel Marinos), Harry Harris (Joe Weiler), Nela Conjiu (Senora Pro), Carlos Casaravilla (Captain Lerrera), Vicente Sangiovanni (Luis Vilches), Maida Severn (Senora Altera), Gemma Cuervo (Leureta), Marta Flores (Margarita), Tina Sainz (Anna Pro), Asuncion Vitoria (Nita), Florencio Calpe (Rector), Martin Porras (Roberto Pro), Manuel Bronchud (news vendor)
Free Download of the classic movie Rain for a Dusty Summer
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Hogan's Heroes in Mexico
Okay . . . real quickly before the actual description of this adventure . . . For those of you who remember the comedy television show from the late 1960's about prisoners of war in Stalag 17, here is the comparison for this adventure: Colonel Klink from Hogan's Heroes is Ernest Borgnine . . . Humberto Almazan, as Father Miguel Pro, is Colonel Hogan . . . Colonel Marinos in this adventure is the Sergeant Shultz character . . . Now back to our adventure from the Mexican Revolution. As the adventure opens the Mexican General, played by Ernest Borgnine, is ranting that he will bring change to Mexico - he will help the poor Mexican people in two ways . . . First he will destroy the wealthy people who only throw pennies to the poor, and he will also destroy the Church, killing every priest who deludes the poor with stories of hope. Every priest in Mexico is killed or driven from the country, and our hero Miguel, played by Father Humberto Almazán, is trying to decide whether to become a priest or not. After watching the shooting of a Bishop he decides to travel to California and become a priest. When Father Miguel Pro returns to Mexico as an ordained priest he discovers that he is the only priest in the entire country of Mexico. He goes undercover with the help of the people, always a few steps ahead of the General and Colonel Marinos, who are trying to find him and kill him, in the lighthearted style of the old Hogan's Heroes situation comedy. Based on a real historic priest, this is a masterful way to present a deadly serious slice of history, with enough comedy and intrigue to keep all of the non-religious viewers fully entertained. Finally, after serving the people of Mexico by performing secret weddings, baptisms and such, Father Miguel Pro, the last priest in Mexico, is captured by the General, and on a warm, dusty summer morning is led to a courtyard to face a firing squad. Pop a big bowl of white kernel popcorn with plenty of warm melted butter drizzled over it and enjoy the revolution.
Ernest Borgnine as the General
Aldo Sambrell and Maida Severn
Aldo Sambrell
Asuncion Citoria and Humberto Almazan
Carlos Casaravilla and Humberto Almazan
Carlos Casaravilla
Ernest Borgnine
Ernest Borgnine, Aldo Sambrell and Harry Harris
Ernest Borgnine and Aldo Sambrell
Ernest Borgnine
Ernest Borgnine
Gemma Cuervo
Gemma Cuervo
Harry Harris
Harry Harris
Humberto Almazán
Humberto Almazán and Asunción Vitoria
Humberto Almazán, Sancho Gracia and Nela Conjiu
Humberto Almazán
Maida Severn
Maida Severn
Manuel Bronchud and Humberto Almazán
Manuel Bronchud
Martín Porras
Nela Conjiu
Nela Conjiu
Sancho Gracia
Tina Sáinz, Humberto Almazán and Martín Porras
Tina Sáinz
Vicente Sangiovanni
Vicente Sangiovanni and Aldo Sambrell
Vicente Sangiovanni


text:
303 S. Broadway Riley, Kansas 66531-0176 |
Phone: (785) 485-2222
Saturday, February 18, 2017
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Tuesday, January 31, 2017
Thursday, January 19, 2017
Monday, January 9, 2017
Wednesday, January 4, 2017
Saturday, December 31, 2016
Friday, December 30, 2016
Friday, December 23, 2016
Thursday, December 22, 2016
Welcome to Anderes-Pfeifley Funeral Home
Our Family is Here for Yours.
For over 85 years our family owned funeral home has helped families with difficult decisions in arranging meaningful services for their loved ones.
Please feel free to browse our pages to learn more about pre-planning a funeral and grief support, as well as the traditional funeral and cremation services that we have to offer. If you have any questions or concerns please feel free to contact us at anytime, we are available by phone or e-mail, or drop by the office in person. We are always here to help.
We understand that it is not always possible to attend a service or visitation in person, so we encourage you to use our beautifully designed interactive online tributes to pay your respects. Leave a condolence, share a memory, post a photo, light a candle and more!
Looking for something you can't find? We make it easy to get the answers you need. Ask the Director a question anytime. Click here or on the image below!


text:
Love, Chunibyo & Other Delusions: Depth of Field - Love and Hate Theater (OAV)
[ related to Love, Chunibyo & Other Delusions! (TV) ]
Alternative title:
Chūnibyō demo Koi ga Shitai! Depth of Field ~Ai to Nikushimi Gekijō (Japanese)
中二病でも恋がしたい! DEPTH OF FIELD ~ 愛と憎しみ劇場 (Japanese)
Genres: action, science fiction
Objectionable content: Mild
Plot Summary: The delusions of Rikka and Dekomori takes them to an all-out mecha battle in a world devastated by war.
User Ratings: 101 ratings have been given [details]
Median rating: Good
Arithmetic mean: 6.743 (Good−), std. dev.: 1.5585, rank: #3364 (of 6860)
Weighted mean: 6.575 (Good−), rank: #3690 (of 6860) (seen all: 6.65 / seen some: 3.00 / won't finish: 4.92)
Bayesian estimate: 6.683 (Good−), rank: #3199 (of 5173)
Masterpiece: 4 votes (sub:3, others:1
1 Spanish subtitled)
Excellent: 8 votes (sub:6, dub:1, others:1
1 Spanish subtitled)
Very good: 16 votes (sub:15, raw:1)
Good: 34 votes (sub:30, others:4
3 Spanish subtitled)
1 Russian subtitled
1 Russian subtitled
Decent: 21 votes (sub:20, others:1
1 Spanish subtitled)
So-so: 10 votes (sub:9, raw:1)
Not really good: 3 votes (sub:3)
Weak: 5 votes (sub:5)
Bad: -
Awful: -
Worst ever: -Seen in part or in whole by 177 users, rank: #3148 (of 6846)
Median rating: Good
Arithmetic mean: 6.743 (Good−), std. dev.: 1.5585, rank: #3364 (of 6860)
Weighted mean: 6.575 (Good−), rank: #3690 (of 6860) (seen all: 6.65 / seen some: 3.00 / won't finish: 4.92)
Bayesian estimate: 6.683 (Good−), rank: #3199 (of 5173)
Running time: 4 minutes per episode
Number of episodes: 7
Episode titles: We have 7
Vintage: 2012-12-19 to 2013-06-19
|You can contribute information to this page, but first you must login or register
Director: Tatsuya Ishihara
Maaya Uchida as
Sumire Uesaka as
Animation Production: Kyoto Animation
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Answerman - Are Anime Music Videos A Dying Art?
Do anime fans still watch - or for that matter, create - anime music videos like they used to? Justin refreshes his understanding of the AMV scene. ― Federico asks: Is it just an impression, or are anime fans no longer interested in making and sharing anime music videos? I thought that, with the increasing availability of new series, new music and cheap or otherwise easy-to-use video editing program...
World War Witches
"Alternate history military witch" is a major thing in anime right now, from Tanya to Izetta to Strike Witches. But if you matched these combat-ready witches against eachother, which witch would dominate? ― Numerous anime titles over the years have to some degree dealt with the militarization of magic, with Fullmetal Alchemist, Strike Witches, and The Legend of the Legendary Heroes being prominent ex...
Sword of the Stranger BD+DVD
Sword of the Stranger offers a nearly perfect action package. ― Sword of the Stranger is something of a wonderful oddity. Bearing no source material or spinoff potential, it's one of those rare anime-original films that offer an unfiltered vision of a creator or even studio. Blessed with gorgeous art design and animation, it offers an incredibly pure distillation of precisely one thing: the classic s...
Vice & Luna - 02/21/2017
just for fun
Our weekly comic series returns! Preview guide is coming and the office needs a new intern - so it's a good thing Vice already hired someone! ―
Review: Berserk and the Band of the Hawk
Berserk: Band of the Hawk lets you slaughter your way through Guts' most traumatic adventures in classic Musou style - but it isn't without its problems. ― By now, the formula for Omega Force's increasingly prolific line of Musou anime adaptions has proven to be a mostly winning one. Take the basic Dynasty Warriors gameplay, replace Chinese historical figures with an array of fan-favorite characters,...
Returning Tomorrow: Vice & Luna
just for fun
Our weekly webcomic series rises from the grave with a whole new look! Find out what happened behind the scenes and get a look at the strip's new art. ― So last June we launched Vice & Luna, a weekly webcomic series that followed along in the spirit of Anime News Nina, the site's previous strip (it's 10 years old this year by the way - you can read the whole thing right here and there's even a hardc...
Answerman - How Do Japanese TV Shows Use So Much Anime Music?
If you watch Japanese TV, you'll hear anime soundtracks - like the OSTs for Evangelion - used as background music on talk shows all the time. How does that happen? ― Henpaku asks: I noticed that certain Japanese TV programs (mostly those showing entertainment specials with famous guests doing weird Japanese people things) use a lot of anime OST. In fact a show just a few days ago used some BGM from ...
Shelf Life - My Love Story
One of the most beloved romcoms in recent memory, My Love Story, is out on bluray from Sentai Filmworks, and James Beckett is here to let us know if it holds up. PLUS: all of this week's big new releases! ― We've got a ton of new releases to cover this week, so I'm going to use that to cover for my lack of clever or interesting thoughts to put into this intro paragraph. Let's get right into it, shal...
Seven Deadly Sins -Signs of Holy War-
This four-episode "second season" of Seven Deadly Sins popped up on Netflix - how does it move the story forward, and is it any good? Theron Martin investigates. ― Although this is (correctly) labeled as a TV series, that label can be misleading in this case, as it implies that it consists of more than just four episodes. That is clearly all that it was planned for, however, so what Netflix is listin...
The Mike Toole Show - Where to Be-GIN with Gintama
This week, Mike explores the weird and wonderful world of Gintama, a smash hit in Japan with a slight barrier of entry in the West. So what makes this action comedy so special? ― Earlier this week-- actually yesterday, if you go by column publication date—it was Anime Day at the video games retailer GameStop. This wasn't a major event; honestly, it was just an excuse to hawk some anime-related games ...
The Ancient Magus' Bride GN 4
The Ancient Magus' Bride continues to find wonder in both its central romance and its magical world. Nick Creamer digs into the details. ― While Ancient Magus' Bride's first and second volumes focused primarily on the magical world surrounding Chise and Elias, the manga's third volume turned inward, highlighting the emotional baggage that inspires both of their actions. This fourth volume essentially...


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Sweet Revenge
By (author) Jessica Tilles
Format: Paperback
Normal Price: $28.57
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Availability: Available, ships in 8-11 days
Sweet Revenge by Jessica Tilles
Book DescriptionSweet Revenge begins at the heated conclusion of the intriguing tale of Anything Goes. Raven engages in a series of erotic adventures, is caught up in plotting revenge, commits murder, gets away with it, and appears to be plunging headlong toward disaster when she black mails Arthur. Raven envies Morgan, loves Chas and thinks her secrets are safe until she slips up and meets her match.
Buy Sweet Revenge book by Jessica Tilles from Australia's Online Bookstore, Boomerang Books.
Book DetailsISBN: 9780972299039
(216mm x 140mm x 14mm)
Pages: 240
Imprint: Xpress Yourself Publishing
Publisher: Xpress Yourself Publishing
Publish Date: 1-Dec-2004
Country of Publication: United States
Books By Author Jessica Tilles
When I'm Loving You, Paperback / softback (April 2009)View all books by Jessica Tilles
For three best friends, falling in love was not an easy thing to do. Despite their personal struggles, Natasha Inglewood, Dianne Marshall, and Lynda Davis all find the kind of love they always desired.
» Have you read this book? We'd like to know what you think about it - write a review about Sweet Revenge book by Jessica Tilles and you'll earn 50c in Boomerang Bucks loyalty dollars (you must be a member - it's free to sign up!)
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- Personalize Your Buenos Aires Trip
- What style do you prefer?
- Plan Your Buenos Aires Trip
- Get the best Buenos Aires has to offer
Gran Bar Danzon Buenos Aires
Gran Bar Danzon - review by Nicole Allmann
Style: Wine Tasting in Lounge
1161 Libertad
, Vicente Lopez , Buenos Aires
Area: San Telmo
Phone: +54 11 4811 1108
Website: http://www.granbardanzon.com.ar/
Price: Mains US$8.- to US$14.-
The owners of Bar Uriart and Sucre Restaurant opened Gran Bar Danzon around the corner of avenue Santa Fe - trendiest area of Buenos Aires; cocktail lounge and wine bar a la supper club; wide range of appetizers and an in-house sushi chef; the bar and lounge is a regular hang-out for the Buenos Aires fashionistas, the rich and beautiful
Gran Bar Danzon - Map
Gran Bar Danzon
Wine Tasting in LoungeSan Telmo
WorldTop7 iphone city guides include information about the best restaurants, nightlife, clubs, bars and events. Have dinner in one of the best restaurants and party in the trendiest... read more


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"Bestotel doesn't mean the Best - misleading!" MiCasa Hotel Apartments Tip by dylankhor
MiCasa Hotel Apartments, Kuala Lumpur: 331 reviews and 5 photos
Letter to the hotel...
The Manager/Owner of Bestotel
Tel: (603) 4043 1888
I stayed in your hotel just a weekend ago, with COMPLETE DISSATISFACTION!
You should charge half the price because we only get half the value.
Room - Too small
Cleanliness - Your parquet floor is so dusty that we wear shoes all the time, and even dare not take off the shoes when we sleep.
Appliances - Kettles provided was not working and confirmed spoilt.
Extra Pillow - Not allowed after a couple of request attempts. The excuse was, "All our rooms are fully booked". Your rooms are not fully booked at all. There are less than 10 out of 88 rooms occupied, very obvious.
Breakfast - Extra sweet cordial, coffee and tea, bread and butter without butter spreader (no butter knife, you gotta use your fork to do the job, mate), an overfried, dark noodle which is so spicy that everyone had most of them leftover on the plates lying around the cafeteria, oily eggs. I could see a lot of guests left seeking food elsewhere behind the hotel.
Noise - This is very memorable. Your hotel is situated less than 2 metres from the mainroads of Jalan Ipoh. All speeding bikes, cars and loads of loads of traffics going through shakes and rattles the signboard situated just outside our bedroom. You can imagine how loud the noise in the room is.
Comfort - Both beds came with plenty of complimentary cracking and creeking sounds. So loud that you can still hear it with the loud traffic noise from the window.
Safety - Your wobbly ceiling mounted TV is collapsing anytime. You may kill someone!
Air Conditioning - But it either go very cold, or extreme hot and stuffy.
Bathroom - A door lock latch that does not lock. Once you manage to lock it, you'll lock yourself in the bathroom because there aren't any door handle from the inside. Provided 2 glasses, but a mixed variety of glass and plastic.
Conclusion: We stay awake whole night, admiring the extreme noise and thin pillows that we have to fold 4 times to make up a comfortable height.
Unique Qualities: Nothing, nothing and nothing. Avoid this.!!
Address: 368 Jalan Ipoh, , Kuala Lumpur, Selangor
Price Comparison: more expensive than average
Phone: (603) 4043 1888
Price: US$20-40
Theme: Hotel
Website: http://www.bestotel.com
Have you been to Kuala Lumpur?Share Your Travels


text:
In the latest Eduniversal ranking, studies offered by the Faculty of Management at University of Warsaw maintains top positions in Poland and Eastern Europe.
One of our visiting professor under Erasmus Mundus programme, Dr. Rajesh N. Pahurkar from University of Pune, about Faculty of Management
The Faculty of Management and the Centre for Latin American Studies of the Institute of the Americas and Europe, University of Warsaw have a pleasure to invite you to participate in the International Conference Polish – Brazilian Experiences in Economy and Management: Recent Trends.
On January 30, 2017 we hosted at our Faculty Professor Justin Yifu Lin. Who, on the invitation of the Dean of the Faculty of Management, gave a lecture: New Structural Economics and Industrial Policy for Catching Up Country.
Last Thursday, January 12th at the Faculty of Management, University of Warsaw was held The Baltic Sea Region University Network (BSRUN) Steering Committee meeting.
We kindly ask all international students from Faculty of Management to complete the survey prepared by Ministry of Science and Higher Education.
We have a pleasure to invite you to a lecture "The Economic Development of Brazil and Polish-Brazilian Relations", that will be delivered by H.E. Mr Alfredo Leoni, the Ambassador of Brazil.
The Institute of International Relations UW and the Network on Humanitarian Action (NOHA) would like to invite all interested students to the workshop on the rights of foreigners in Poland.
The workshop will be conducted by lieutenant colonel Gerard Bah – Human Rights Special Adviser to the Police Commissioner in Kielce.
© Copyright: Faculty of Management University of Warsaw
1/3 Szturmowa Street, 02-678 Warsaw, POLAND
tel.: +48 22 55 34 002, fax: +48 22 55 34 001
mail: email@example.com


text:
Translate your inspirations into lucky 4D numbers!
Check if your numbers have won any prize.
Find out where Jackpot winners bought their tickets.
Get 4D results on mobile phone.
Movie Night With Magnum
The wedding function that has the highest sales contribution from the wedding couples' purchase and guest ticket sales will win a free Movie Night. Herein below are the participating states and their campaign period -
Campaign Period
Participating States
June to November 2014
Negeri Sembilan
East Malaysia
Klang Valley
East Coast
The winning couple is to invite their family and friends to the movie. Magnum will provide a movie hall (normal standard) with a maximum capacity of 200 seats. Official cinema is either TGV or GSC depending on movie hall availability and location.
The results will be announced as follow:-
Campaign Period - June to November 2014 @ announcement of winner by 12 January 2015
Movie selection will be made by the winning couple but the movie selected must be within a month from the announcement date of the winner. There are no 3D movies can be chosen and is only applicable on weekdays (Monday – Friday). A small set of popcorn & soft drink will be provided for each ticket.
Kindly refer to the following link for your information on our Personal Data Protection Notice.
Copyright © 1998 -
2017. Magnum Corporation Sdn. Bhd. (8272-D). All Rights Reserved.
Disclaimer & Terms of Usage.
Personal Data Protection Notice. Contact Us


text:
In Pictures: Model / Actress Manju Kc Chhetri
Sikkim based Nepali Model and Actress Manju KC Chhetri to featured in Priyanka Chopra's... [+]
De' Celebrity Runway 2016 Images Gallery
Celebrity Fashion Show DE' CELEBRITY RUNWAY 2016 – Walking Down the Memory Lane, Jointly... [+]
IN PICTURES: Actress Pooja Sharma in Bikini Avatar
Actress Pooja Sharma's Sizzling Bikini Avatar Pictures Actress Pooja Sharma shared her Bikini photos... [+]
IN PICTURES: Dhurmus, Sitaram Kattel's Popular 8 Avatars
Sitaram Kattel, One of the famous comedy actors in Nepal, popularly known as Dhurmus.... [+]
Actress Shweta Khadka – Dipawali Festival Mood
Actress Shweta Khadka – Happy Dipawali Festival Mood Pictures Checkout these beautiful Pictures: Actress... [+]
Actress Shilpa Pokharel | Photo Gallery
Shilpa Pokharel, a popular face in Nepali Music videos and Film Industry. She had... [+]
IN PICTURES: Actress Shweta Khadka Celebrating Dashain
After 2 Years, Actress Shweta Khadka Celebrating this year's Dashain with Family and Friends.... [+]
Actress Shweta Khadka looks gorgeous in Pink Colored Gown
Actress Shweta Khadka looks gorgeous in Pink Colored Gown. Checkout the Kohinoor Actress Shweta... [+]
Actress Karishma Manandhar's Sizzling 10 Pictures
Actress Karishma Manandhar is a well-known Nepali Celebrity. She was born in 1971 in... [+]
In Pictures: Actress Anita Acharya (10 Images)
Actress Anita Acharya looks beautiful with outfits of Innov8 boutique. Anita Acharya, Gorgeous and... [+]
Aaslisha Thakuri, Prem Geet 2 Actress – Photo Gallery
Aaslisha Thakuri – Prem Geet 2 Actress New Actress Aaslisha Thakuri is finalized for... [+]
IN PICTURES: Dayahang Rai at Venice Film Festival
Nepali movie 'White Sun' has been premiered at the 73rd edition Venice International Film... [+]
IN PICTURES: Actress Sanchita Luitel
Actress Sanchita Luitel's Photos IN PICTURES: Actress Sanchita Luitel | All Images by Kamal... [+]
Vibrant Looks of Actress Benisha Hamal (5 Pictures)
watch these pictures, actress Benisha Hamal Looks Gorgeous in Yellow Saree.All Images courtesy by... [+]
Actress Rekha Thapa's Glamourous Images 2016
Check Out! Actress Rekha Thapa's Glamourous Photos of 2016, published on Kantipur Saptahik. all... [+]


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Brio Stunt
When the little boys go to bed, and the big boys are asked to clean up the mess it's
1 flash rear camera left
1 flash front camera left, lower power
1 flash rear camera right in order to create some separation with the backgroupnd. However I don't think it even hit anything. Bad aim after all the wine I guess...
Astrid has published a shot of the shooting of the second Brio stunt image.
7,091 views
174 faves
89 comments
Taken on October 6, 2007


text:
Daniel Craig isn't merely acceptable, but formidable. His Bond is at least the equal of the best ones before him, and beats all of them in sheer intensity.
Like Connery - but in different proportions - Craig is earthy and erotic, holding himself like a smoking gun. show more
Craig gives us James Bond in the fascinating act of inventing himself. This you do not want to miss. show more


text:
In March, kids are invited to vote for two book awards at any Hennepin County library: Star of the North (preK-grade 8) and Maud Hart Lovelace (grades 3-8).
Join us at Minneapolis Central Library for a community-generated conference to connect residents with Hennepin County and open data.
Countryman founded Hennepin County Library in 1924. Her own collection of photographs is now available online.
A photography exhibit by six young American Indian artists is in Cargill Hall at Minneapolis Central Library from Feb. 8 to March 28.
Learn about Hmong culture, celebrate the local Tibetan community and meet your favorite local Asian American authors at 9 libraries this spring.
Write about your life experiences, build writing skills, or write poetry with The Loft Literary Center at Hennepin County libraries.
In these books, amazing women from around the globe and throughout history share their life stories. Find one to read during March, Women's History Month.
All family members and your library can help prepare young children to be readers with early literacy activities to encourage early learning.
Zacks will be at Southdale Library, March 7, 7 p.m. to talk about "Chasing the Last Laugh," the tale of American humorist Mark Twain's round-the-world comedy tour.


text:
International Edition
February, 28, 2017
About Us
Contact Us
A Chinese early warning aircraft and U.S. Navy patrol plane had an "unsafe" encounter over the South China Sea this week, the U.S. Pacific Command said Friday, in the first such incident known to have taken place under President Donald Trump's administration.
President Donald Trump has reaffirmed America's long-standing 'one China policy' in a phone call with Chinese President Xi Jinping, potentially alleviating concerns about a major shift in Washington's relations with Beijing.
President Donald Trump has issued belated well-wishes to China for the Lunar New Year, the most important holiday in the world's most populous nation, saying he hoped to work with his Chinese counterpart Xi Jinping to build a "constructive relationship."1 Comment
The key to commemorating the 228 incident is to remember that the real masters of the country are the people and the state should be built on a foundation of liberal democracy, a Presidential Office official said on Thursday.
The former secretary-general of the National Security Council (NSC) and chairman of the Taipei Forum, a local think tank, said Thursday that academic exchanges between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait should continue, even though official exchanges have cooled.
Ethics experts and human rights lawyers slammed the Vatican Tuesday for inviting a top Chinese health official to an organ trafficking summit despite concerns the Asian giant still uses tissue from executed prisoners.
China has established a single network to monitor air pollution levels across the country, as the government attempts to control the spread of information about the country's toxic smog in response to rising public anger.
Chinese publishers from Jiangxi Province signed several strategic cooperation pacts with their Taiwanese counterparts at the 2017 Taipei International Book Exhibition Wednesday, the opening day of the annual event that is of major significance to the publication sector in Asia.
Taiwan was unwilling on Tuesday to call out Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen for his recent vow to ban Taiwan's national flag in his country because of Cambodia's "one China" policy.
United Microelectronics Corp. (UMC, 聯電), the second largest contract chip maker in Taiwan, Monday denied a local media report that a Chinese semiconductor firm has poached a number of the company's high-end chip developers.


text:
Today, I finally received my passport. Too bad my flight to Italy left last week. FML
By ontherun2012 / Tuesday 14 February 2012 04:22 / United States
Top comments
Thanks Capt. Obvious!
1-Sometimes, there are delays in actually making and registering a passport legally. You could do it weeks in advance and there would still be a chance that it could be delayed before your trip departs.
14 is absolutely correct. The application process flat out tells you it can take upwards of six weeks. You ALWAYS have to arrange passports, visas, and any other documentation as far in advance as you can. Furthermore, the website for passport applications includes a chart showing when there's highest volume for passports and suggests allowing for even more time. When that much money is involved, you deserve it for not taking the proper precautions.
yeah there are delays because alot of people get them updated. thats why you do it 1+ months in advance. YDI
By NotSoKawaii
Too many negative votes, comment buried. Show the comment
Wow, delay much? :/ Should've done it before..
Judging from some other comments I have read of yours (#11), I think you should think before you speak.
If OP had done it well before their trip and hasn't received it in time for the trip, then it would be a delay in processing passport data and other documents. >.>
The Mime has hit a rut.
By ZealIFeel
Too many negative votes, comment buried. Show the comment
Italy is not that much better than Wisconsin, is it?
They both have cheese at least?
By Lovina_fml
I know how that is..I'm going to another country in a few months but I can't find my passport anywhere.
You're right, btw, you're cute (; Hit me up, I like hentai.
By DrMime
Too many negative votes, comment buried. Show the comment
Oh no! It left a week ago?! Well then you'd better get in your horseless carriage and go find that plane! Italy ain't going to find itself, blibbidy blobbidy blooo!!!!
#11 I'm sorry, but you're weird as he'll. All your comments are just...weird.
#57 hell* damn auto correct.
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