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22nd February 2017
Liberals of India, unite – else you'll lick the boots of corrupt socialists, bureaucrats and police the whole of your life
It is extraordinarily easy to point fingers at problems, extraordinarily difficult to do even the smallest thing about them.
A lot of "liberals" and "academics" spend their life in elitist and remote criticism, as if they are spectators and as if the world is in any way beholden to their views.
Let them try to create even the smallest organisation of men to address the problems they rail about. Getting teams of men together is so hard, most people will fall flat on their face at their first attempt. And yet, only through organisation can any real change occur.
Note that you will fail if you try to change India's misgovernance alone, on your own. But if you work in a team and multiply intellectual and financial resources, you will succeed.
Sadly, I have heard one alleged "liberal" tell me that liberals do not unite. They work alone. Well, in that case they are merely going to end up licking the boots of socialists or corrupt police/ bureaucrats.
The socialists totally transformed the culture of numerous countries through organisation. The liberals have no choice but to unite.
Join SBP or leave, go away. That's my simple message to all my friends (and relatives) from India.
I have no intention to keep listening to your whingeing about India. If you are THAT STUPID that you can't understand this, you DESERVE your fate.
And let me tell you – when you join SBP, don't come in with the view that only your ideas have to work. You will need to learn to work in a team and let the best ideas evolve through discussion and experimentation.
Yes, it is hard. But if you avoid this on whatever pretext, you DESERVE to be trampled upon by the socialists.
19th February 2017
Open Letter to Gurcharan Das: Please clarify your position regarding BJP and India's only liberal party, SBP
(A bit of background first.)
Yesterday I expressed some frustration with Indians who purportedly want liberty but have sworn to abjure the political process (or worse – to lick the boots of socialist parties and foreign agencies to fund their fake liberal efforts).
Liberty is is a political concept. To imagine that liberty is about think-tanks or writing articles/ books reflects a gross misunderstanding about the concept of liberty. There is no way to ensure liberty but to be in the political fray. It is about directly connecting with the people in their daily lives.
Till Swarna Bharat Party was launched in June 2013, India never had a genuine liberal party. But now there is such a party. At this point, in early 2017, I have a clear position on this: if you don't join or directly support SBP, you are illiberal – since you are effectively supporting the opponents of SBP, the enemies of liberty.
Many of the "liberals" who engaged with me over the past around 20 years were fundamentally pseudo-liberal. For instance, most of those who participated in the 2004 five-day workshop I had organised went on to support – and I count meeting corrupt socialist party leaders to seek funds as support, as well – hardcore socialist Congress or BJP.
Some of them even made a song and dance about the need of a liberal party (e.g. Parth's 2002 article) but did next to nothing about it – and in fact have actively kept away from any such work for well over a decade. Many of those who (much later) joined the Freedom Team of India, swearing to fight for liberty politically, likewise turned out to be limp liberals (those who do not engage in politics) or worse – direct supporters of BJP or AAP.
There is one liberal, however, whose position was unambiguous in the past but has probably become a bit unclear over the past few years: Gurcharan Das, whom I hold in the highest esteem. I'm writing this open letter to him with a request to clarify his position.
Why open, why not in private? I think some matters need to be deliberated publicly, and this is one of them.
Dear Gurcharan
As you are aware, in 2013, after a series of implausible events, a group of liberals formed the Swarna Bharat Party. Prompting this was the December 2012 agreement with Ramdev to form a party under the logo of sone ki chidiya and the ideology and manifesto whose drafting I had led since 1998. Implausible as it sounds now, the agreement was that this party would be driven by me and the liberals. I would also lead the team of trainers of the party – we would coach the candidates of the party in liberalism and ethical leadership.
This agreement to form the new party continued well into April 2013 when I led a 4-day national reform summit at Patanjali in the big hall where Ramdev holds his public sessions and talks. Ramdev's team put out many videos about me on his TV channels during late 2012, well into 2013. I also shared the platform with him on major events whenever we were together, such as at Jantar Mantar in December 2012 to protest the killing of Nirbhaya.
It was only when the day that had been scheduled for the launch of the party came closer that Ramdev backed out. Last year I came to know that Ramdev had been threatened with severe consequences by Ram Jethmalani. Ramdev backed out because he is dishonest to the core. His empire is made out of straw with significant violations of the law and he has amassed significant amounts of black money. Had Ramdev been honest, he could never have been blackmailed by BJP.
Now, you became personally aware about my work to have a liberal party established in India -from around 2000, when we first met. I had started this work in February 1998.
Till mid-2013 I had no doubt about your commitment to having such a liberal party for India. For instance, you joined Sharad Joshi's Swatantra Bharat Party as national executive member in 2004 as part of my efforts in 2003 and 2004. You also helped raise funds (around Rs. 4-5 lakhs, including from your friends) for the Swatantra Bharat Party.
When Swatantra Bharat Party didn't work out I proposed the Liberal Party of India in mid-2005. You were one of the first charter members. Nothing came out of that effort, however, which died a premature death within a few months.
Later, in 2007-08 you asked Indians to read the book that I had written (started in early 2005 to support Swatantra Bharat Party), Breaking Free of Nehru, in which I explain how a liberal party could be formed if we are able to find sufficient leaders.
I'm grateful to your support for my limited efforts since you came to know about me.
Your personal search for a liberal party continued, regardless of various failed attempts by liberals. For instance, in 2012 you published India Grows at Night in which you made a strong case for a liberal party for India. You wrote:
I advocate the setting up of a secular, liberal political party in India. Now that the middle class is growing rapidly and none of the existing parties addresses its needs; the timing is also right as the nation's centre of gravity has shifted to the right. Such a party is needed to transform India into a strong, liberal state.
In 27 January 2013, a few weeks after I had personally briefed you about my work with Ramdev and the decision to form a liberal party, you wrote this in Times of India: An aspiring young India needs a new liberal party. In particular, you wrote:
A young aspiring, secular India needs a new liberal party of the 21st century which trusts markets rather than officials for economic outcomes, and relentlessly focuses on the reform of the institutions of governance. Only thus, will the country begin to move away from crony capitalism and towards rules-based capitalism. It may not win votes quickly but it will bring governance reform to centre stage and gradually prove to voters that open markets and rules-based government are the only civilized ways to lift living standards and achieve shared prosperity.
On 1 June 2013, we launched Swarna Bharat Party without the participation of Ramdev. This has turned out to be a blessing in disguise, as Ramdev would have weighed heavily on the party given his association with black money and corruption.
On 16 June 2014, the Election Commission registered Swarna Bharat Party. Although we are obliged to swear allegiance to socialism due to legal requirements that derive from the Indian Constitution, we have the most liberal manifesto possible. It is comparable to other high quality manifestos from across the world.
In a 4-day meeting held in Delhi in July 2014 (which you also attended briefly, but by then you had started supporting Modi) I made clear to participants that we had the option to scrap SBP and merge with any other sensible alternative. However, the assembled group decided that SBP must go ahead. No other party (Navbharat, Swatantra Bharat, Lok Satta or another nascent effort called Bharatam) came even close to SBP in terms of its objectives, approach, and sophistication of the manifesto.
On 26 January 2016, SBP launched its new website and added a payment gateway in April 2016. We actively started working on the ground since late 2015 and have by now made incremental progress in various parts of India. Swarna Bharat Party is now a seriously growing liberal party. We are actively considering contesting a few parliamentary seats in 2019.
I am writing all this to remind you about your support for my work and your commitment to a liberal party for India – till around 2013-14.
But somewhere during that period you deviated from the straight and narrow – since Modi came on the scene. You have been extremely solicitous about Modi, and have effectively exonerated him of his many crimes and the destruction of the law and order machinery in Gujarat. You have personally met him on numerous occasions.
But actually, there has been no change to anything substantive in India over the past 70 years, and definitely not with the advent of Modi.
Objective data suggest that liberty in India has gone backwards since Modi came on the scene (see this). And the reckless manner in which demonetisation was implemented has laid bare the plans and livelihoods of millions of people. I personally know of a number of persons whose businesses have suffered grievously from the ill-thought out consequences of this policy.
My question for you at this stage is this: what makes you think that Modi will do anything liberal when BJP's manifesto and all antecedents of Modi and BJP directly contradict such an expectation? Further, have you now formed a clear view that BJP will suffice for India and that no liberal party is needed now or in the future?
Between 2004 and 2017 nothing has really changed in terms of the logic for a liberal party. Modi's presence has not changed anything, as nearly three years of dismal performance attest.
I know you believe that political action is about what it's practicable, or as you say, "politics is the art of the possible". And I have no doubt that politics is the art of the possible. But I also believe that what is possible is determined by human action and is not something given to us in stone.
I do not accept the reality of India and am determined to participate in a process to change it. I am determined to make a new future for India possible. Politics may well be the art of the possible, but leadership is about making a new future possible. No progress has ever taken place without leaders who make new things happen.
As a liberal, I am foundationally – by the logic of liberalism – a leader, not a follower. I think for myself and, in particular, I do not believe in following failure. As Einstein said, "insanity is doing the same thing over and over again and expecting different results". India can't keep doing socialism and expect different results. I do not accept even an iota of the socialist ideology. BJP and Modi are arch socialists and I have nothing to do with them. I am determined to change the Nehruvian demand for socialism in India.
Since February 1998 I have acted upon my belief that India needs a liberal party. I have been supporting people like Anil Sharma (whom you referred to me) in their similar quest. When I came to the view that India needs a liberal party I did not know anything about any antecedent efforts or anyone in India who had ever thought on similar lines. I decided what I needed to do and started working on it. That's what leaders do, they don't wait to act on matters that are of essential importance to them. I also resigned my job in the IAS so I could create the freedom and space to pursue the political option.
What I now find intriguing is why, since 2014, you have chosen to repose so much faith in the BJP and Modi. You should have known that these organisations have a foundational DNA that is illiberal. The RSS is not going to become something different no matter what you may otherwise wish. Regardless of whether Modi had a hand in the massacre of hundreds of innocents in 2002, Modi was a member of this illiberal outfit and is a Hindutva fanatic to the core. On top of that, his manifesto and policies continue to be as socialistic as that of his predecessors.
I therefore invite you to clarify your position publicly. And if you are still a liberal and believe India needs a liberal party, I invite you to join Swarna Bharat Party and "put your money where your mouth is" (please note that this is not a request for any money – although that is something that all parties need in order to grow; this is a request for you to join the party – it costs a mere Rs.100 to become a life member).
I believe you need to choose and make publicly clear where you stand. India now has a real and functional liberal party, howsoever small. No doubt should remain in anyone's mind about which side you are on – given that SBP is no longer a thought bubble but a party with real roots on the ground.
If you join SBP, it will send a strong signal to everyone in India (and the world) that India cannot succeed with Modi/BJP. Today, a lot of people across the world are confused. They think Modi can change India. He can't – that's something that's been crystal clear to me since the very beginning. If I had thought that BJP had the capacity to change India, I'd have joined it in 2000 itself and never left India. I was very close to (the late) Ashok Saikia, a right hand man of Vajpayee, and could have easily obtained a key role in BJP decades ago – if I had wanted such a role. But BJP is not – and was never – the answer for India.
As a thought leader, you can clarify these matters to the world.
The position you take on this will also become your legacy.
With regards
Gurcharan had first made the case for a liberal party in 2002, here.
18th February 2017
Hayek's HIMALAYAN BLUNDER – his advice to Anthony Fisher. There is ZERO correlation between think tanks and liberty.
As everyone knows, I admire Hayek's work. That doesn't at all mean that he is any kind of "god" to me. I mostly agree with his economics, but his politics was abysmal.
It is also important to note that my agreement with his economics is post-facto, well after I had formed my own views about economics.
Hayek's work is never taught in any economics course (I had started my economics studies at the post graduate level – which is purely mathematical: and in the three continents I studied, there was no mention of Hayek in any standard economics textbook). My understandings about economics – including about the price system – were formed in almost total ignorance about the very existence of Hayek.
Yes, one of my teachers at USC cited Hayek's article, The Use of Knowledge in Society – to illustrate his maths. I found Hayek's article well written and around three years later became the first to get permission from the AER to publish it on the internet (in 1998). Although I had become incidentally aware about Hayek, I never had any time till well after my PhD to read his work. Even the formal course that I took to study classical economists did not include any consideration of either Mises or Hayek.
Despite all this, I hold Hayek in great esteem for his excellent understandings about law and economics.
But Hayek has proved to be a dismal failure and, indeed, a nuisance when it comes to the spread of liberty across the world. (Yes, I later came to know about Mont Pelerin, etc. but its influence on the real world is grossly over-rated).
The discovery and spread of liberty across the world for the past 330 years or so had little or nothing to do with Hayek. There are hundreds of illustrious names that contributed. ALL the real contributors to liberty have always been POLITICALLY active – e.g. Hobbes, Locke, Jefferson, Maddison, Franklin, Burke, Macaulay, JS Mill. See The Discovery of Freedom.
Hayek's contributions to actual human liberty are next to minimal. When a person like me had not even heard about him (and I note that not a single professionally trained economics graduate from an average university in the West has heard about him) it is hard to conceive of Hayek as having advanced liberty in any meaningful way.
Hayek's advice to Fisher has set back liberty across the world by decades. It has given a short cut to lazy "liberals" in countries like India to avoid engaging in the political process.
What was this advice? You can read about it here. I've also uploaded Hayek's letter to Fisher here.
I first heard about this advice from Parth Shah when I first met him (in San Francisco) in 1999.
Now, since February 1998, I had unambiguously (and without any prompting from anyone – nor any awareness of others in India who might support liberty) chosen the path of political action. I wanted a party that is founded on the principles of liberty and good economics. I had no doubt whatsoever in my mind that this was an urgent necessity in India.
Parth said that, in accordance with Hayek's views, he believed that there needs to be a think tank in India to promote liberty. We agreed to disagree on this. In my view then (and today) there can be NO change in India without political action, and think tanks are not the vehicle for political action.
Indeed, it puzzled me that Hayek (or anyone in his right senses) thought that Thatcher was in any way "CREATED" by Fisher. Thatcher would have mocked this utterly preposterous idea. Thatcher was a creation of her own understandings and beliefs – let this basic fact never be even remotely confused by anyone. It is fundamentally wrong to imagine any chain of causality between the IEA and Thatcher.
ALL change is ALWAYS political. And politics is about beliefs, commitment, social engagement and persuasion. It is extremely personal and human. No one can be a politician without fire in their belly, and that fire is not let by some random think tank article/s.
If Fisher had any real calibre, he would have transformed England politically in the 1960s itself. Of course, he chose the easy way out and started IEA. Running think tanks is a short cut, and can NEVER work.
Time and again I've been proven right on this fundamental point. The USA has tens of liberty-oriented think tanks, yet we get some really hopeless politicians (and policies) in the USA. That's because doing politics is hard, and doing think tanks is easy. I find that a lot of self-aggrandising think tanks and academics run down American politicians in their writings, but these "better than thou" writers don't understand how hard and complicated real politics is. They are therefore always unpleasantly surprised with real life. They are nuts to imagine that they can EVER influence American politics.
All the think tanks of the world, together, can't put Humpty Dumpty together again. Doing that requires BEING in politics.
Empirically, there is ZERO correlation between think tanks and liberty. All ADVANCE IN LIBERTY HAS BEEN (AND WILL BE) POLITICAL. PERIOD.
My great regret is that although I've been involved in trying to get a liberal party up and running in India since the past 20 years, not ONE person from (or trained by) ANY Indian think tank has stepped forward to fight for political liberty in India. Most of these people have, instead, licked the boots of socialists and foreign donors for their survival. Foreign funding in matters related to liberty is particularly obnoxious.
Nonetheless, Parth seemed to be reasonably willing to try out a liberal political party idea – at least at first. In 2000, Parth let me hold a small meeting in his place where I discussed the prospect of India's first liberal party being established (no, Swatantra was not a truly liberal party: let me make that clear once again).
Then in May 2002 he published an article saying that India does need a liberal political party. It appears he had realised by then that running a think tank was not going to work.
To a small extent he provided some assistance when, in 2004, the liberals (whom I'd invited to a 5 day workshop) supported Sharad Joshi's Swatantra Bharat Party. But since then there has been close to zero contribution of CCS to any liberal political work. Parth's write-up on a liberal party was clearly the typical hot air that such think tank "intellectuals" spout: meaningless nonsense. Lazy words.
For 20 years I have come across an abundance of "liberals" in India who have cited Hayek's advice to Fisher as a reason to do NOTHING about liberty in India. Apparently, India doesn't need a liberal political party and some random think tanks (that have ZERO impact on politics) can do the work.
That's pure tripe.
Let this remain on public record – that HAYEK WAS FUNDAMENTALLY WRONG on this matter. Anyone who cites Hayek on this issue is fooling himself/herself and is NOT a supporter of liberty or doesn't understand what it means. He/she should stay away fro me. Much appreciated.
Btw, I had written about what classical liberalism really means here – and it is ALL political.
My FB comment here:
It is extraordinarily easy to point fingers at problems, extraordinarily difficult to do even the smallest thing about them.
A lot of "liberals" and "academics" spend their life in elitist and remote criticism, as if they are spectators and as if the world is in any way beholden to their views.
Let them try to create even the smallest organisation of men to address the problems they rail about. Getting teams of men together is so hard, most people will fall flat on their face at their first attempt. And yet, only through organisation can any real change occur.
Abraham Arsalan's response, here:
Every change is political. There are no two ways about it. No 'think-tanks' or 'advocacy groups' can bring change. They, at best, can catalyse the process through awareness. If you do not have a political representation, you will be trampled on in this dubious system we call "democracy". You will be short-changed via "government schemes" and you can rue your fate in a safe-space.
18th February 2017
Minimum wage's origin in ultra-racists who wanted the poor/blacks/minorities to be wiped out
Yesterday I had a debate with a friend who argued that minimum wages are good. I explained to him that the concept of minimum wage is racist and driven by the eugenic desire to kill blacks and monitories. He didn't think that's the case. Well, ignorance doesn't make someone right.
I'll be providing him with a link to this blog post of mine, plus this, below – an important extract from a peer reviewed article published in JEP.
Thomas C. Leonard – Retrospectives: Eugenics and Economics in the Progressive Era – Journal of Economic Perspectives—Volume 19, Number 4—Fall 2005—Pages 207–224
The Eugenic Effects of Minimum Wage Laws
During the second half of the Progressive Era, beginning roughly in 1908, progressive economists and their reform allies achieved many statutory victories, including state laws that regulated working conditions, banned child labor, instituted "mothers' pensions," capped working hours and, the sine qua non, fixed minimum wages. In using eugenics to justify exclusionary immigration legislation, the race-suicide theorists offered a model to economists advocating labor reforms, notably those affiliated with the American Association for Labor Legislation, the organization of academic economists that Orloff and Skocpol (1984, p. 726) call the "leading association of U.S. social reform advocates in the Progressive Era."
Progressive economists, like their neoclassical critics, believed that binding minimum wages would cause job losses. However, the progressive economists also believed that the job loss induced by minimum wages was a social benefit, as it performed the eugenic service ridding the labor force of the "unemployable." Sidney and Beatrice Webb (1897 [1920], p. 785) put it plainly: "With regard to certain sections of the population [the "unemployable"], this unemployment is not a mark of social disease, but actually of social health." "[O]f all ways of dealing with these unfortunate parasites," Sidney Webb (1912, p. 992) opined in the Journal of Political Economy, "the most ruinous to the community is to allow them to unrestrainedly compete as wage earners." A minimum wage was seen to operate eugenically through two channels: by deterring prospective immigrants (Henderson, 1900) and also by removing from employment the "unemployable," who, thus identified, could be, for example, segregated in rural communities or sterilized.
The notion that minimum-wage induced disemployment is a social benefit distinguishes its progressive proponents from their neoclassical critics, such as Alfred Marshall (1897), Philip Wicksteed (1913), A. C. Pigou (1913) and John Bates Clark (1913), who regarded job loss as a social cost of minimum wages, not as a putative social benefit (Leonard, 2000) .
Columbia's Henry Rogers Seager, a leading progressive economist who served as president of the AEA in 1922, provides an example. Worthy wage-earners, Seager (1913a, p. 12) argued, need protection from the "wearing competition of the casual worker and the drifter" and from the other "unemployable" who unfairly drag down the wages of more deserving workers (1913b, pp. 82–83). The minimum wage protects deserving workers from the competition of the unfit by making it illegal to work for less. Seager (1913a, p. 9) wrote: "The operation of the minimum wage requirement would merely extend the definition of defectives to embrace all individuals, who even after having received special training, remain incapable of adequate self-support." Seager (p. 10) made clear what should happen to those who, even after remedial training, could not earn the legal minimum: "If we are to maintain a race that is to be made of up of capable, efficient and independent individuals and family groups we must courageously cut off lines of heredity that have been proved to be undesirable by isolation or sterilization …."
The unemployable were thus those workers who earned less than some measure of an adequate standard of living, a standard the British called a "decent maintenance" and Americans referred to as a "living wage." For labor reformers, firms that paid workers less than the living wage to which they were entitled were deemed parasitic, as were the workers who accepted such wages—on grounds that someone (charity, state, other members of the household) would need to make up the difference.
For progressives, a legal minimum wage had the useful property of sorting the unfit, who would lose their jobs, from the deserving workers, who would retain their jobs. Royal Meeker, a Princeton economist who served as Woodrow Wilson's U.S. Commissioner of Labor, opposed a proposal to subsidize the wages of poor workers for this reason. Meeker preferred a wage floor because it would disemploy unfit workers and thereby enable their culling from the work force. "It is much better to enact a minimum -wage law even if it deprives these unfortunates of work," argued Meeker (1910, p. 554). "Better that the state should support the inefficient wholly and prevent the multiplication of the breed than subsidize incompetence and unthrift, enabling them to bring forth more of their kind." A. B. Wolfe (1917, p. 278), an American progressive economist who would later become president of the AEA in 1943, also argued for the eugenic virtues of removing from employment those who "are a burden on society."
In his Principles of Economics, Frank Taussig (1921, pp. 332–333) asked rhetorically, "how to deal with the unemployable?" Taussig identified two classes of unemployable worker, distinguishing the aged, infirm and disabled from the "feebleminded … those saturated with alcohol or tainted with hereditary disease … [and] the irretrievable criminals and tramps…." The latter class, Taussig proposed, "should simply be stamped out." "We have not reached the stage," Taussig allowed, "where we can proceed to chloroform them once and for all; but at least they can be segregated, shut up in refuges and asylums, and prevented from propagating their kind."5
The progressive idea that the unemployable could not earn a living wage was bound up with the progressive view of wage determination. Unlike the economists who pioneered the still-novel marginal productivity theory, most progressives agreed that wages should be determined by the amount that was necessary to provide a reasonable standard of living, not by productivity, and that the cost of this entitlement should fall on firms.6
But how should a living wage be determined? Were workers with more dependents, and thus higher living expenses, thereby entitled to higher wages? Arguing that wages should be a matter of an appropriate standard of living opened the door, in this era of eugenics, to theories of wage determination that were grounded in biology, in particular to the idea that "low-wage races" were biologically predisposed to low wages, or "under-living."7 Edward A. Ross (1936, p. 70), the proponent of race-suicide theory, argued that "the Coolie cannot outdo the American, but he can underlive him." "Native" workers have higher productivity, claimed Ross, but because Chinese immigrants are racially disposed to work for lower wages, they displace the native workers.
In his Races and Immigrants, the University of Wisconsin economist and social reformer John R. Commons argued that wage competition not only lowers wages, it also selects for the unfit races. "The competition has no respect for the superior races," said Commons (1907, p. 151), "the race with lowest necessities displaces others." Because race rather than productivity determined living standards, Commons could populate his low-wage-races category with the industrious and lazy alike. African Americans were, for Commons (p. 136), "indolent and fickle," which explained why, Commons argued, slavery was required: "The negro could not possibly have found a place in American industry had he come as a free man … [I ] f such races are to adopt that industrious life which is second nature to races of the temperate zones, it is only through some form of compulsion." Similarly, Wharton School reformer Scott Nearing (1915, p. 22), volunteered that if "an employer has a Scotchman working for him at $3 a day [and] an equally efficient Lithuanian offers to the same work for $2 … the work is given to the low bidder."
When U.S. labor reformers reported on labor legislation in countries more precocious with respect to labor reform, they favorably commented on the eugenic efficacy of minimum wages in excluding the "low-wage races" from work. Harvard's Arthur Holcombe (1912, p. 21), a member of the Massachusetts Minimum Wage Commission, referred approvingly to the intent of Australia's minimum wage law to "protect the white Australian's standard of living from the invidious competition of the colored races, particularly of the Chinese." Florence Kelley (1911, p. 304), perhaps the most influential U.S. labor reformer of the day, also endorsed the Australian minimum -wage law as "redeeming the sweated trades" by preventing the "unbridled competition" of the unemployable, the "women, children, and Chinese [who] were reducing all the employees to starvation …"
For these progressives, race determined the standard of living, and the standard of living determined the wage. Thus were immigration restriction and labor legislation, especially minimum wages, justified for their eugenic effects. Invidious distinction, whether founded on the putatively greater fertility of the unfit, or upon their putatively greater predisposition to low wages, lay at the heart of the reforms we today see as the hallmark of the Progressive Era.
Not all progressives endorsed eugenics, and not all of those who endorsed eugenics were progressives, traditionally defined, still less proponents of minimum wages. Taussig was not especially well-disposed to minimum wages, but his intemperate remarks measure the influence of eugenic ideas upon economics in the Progressive Era.
6As Lawrence Glickman (1997, pp. 85–91) argues, the progressive view of wage determination drew upon the labor union theory of the 1880s. Frank Foster of the American Federation of Labor, for example, argued (as quoted in Mussey, 1927, p. 236) that "it is not commonly the value of what is produced which chiefly determines the wage rate, but the nature and degree of the wants of the workers, as embodied in their customary mode of living." Likewise, the influential and pioneering labor reformer Carroll Wright (1882, pp. 4–5) , one of the first Americans to call for a legal minimum wage, asserted that "[t]he labor question" is a matter of the "wants of the wage-laborer."
7 Progressives also argued that there was a "female" standard of living, something that was determined by women's biological nature, or by their "natural" roles as mothers and helpmeets (Leonard, 2005).
16th February 2017
The fraudulent "liberals" of India who lick the boots of socialists and foreign donors for their survival
I'm keeping this for the record – and won't add names here, but one day I will.
I'm sick to the bone of these FRAUDULENT LIBERALS of India who spend their entire life soliciting funds from foreign agencies or currying favours from socialist Indian political parties.
And they have the audacity to tell me they are following Hayek's advice! What bogus nonsense. These bootlickers ought to be ashamed of themselves.
I condemn them outright – as enemies of India. Traitors to the cause of liberty.
See this: https://www.facebook.com/sabhlok/posts/10154989960303767


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Malate Pensione: "Clean and simple accommodation" Malate Hotel Tip by elpescador6
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Lot 843: ITALIAN RENAISSANCE STYLE ARMCHAIR, early 20th cen
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Description: ITALIAN RENAISSANCE STYLE ARMCHAIR, early 20th century, having a carved walnut frame with pictorial needlepoint seat and back panel flanked by relief-carved male and female guard figures.
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IF THERE was one performance above all others that augured well for the future of British athletics in the Norwich Union Olympic trials in Manchester yesterday, it was that produced by Christine Ohurougu, the surprise winner of the women's 400 metres. Aged only 20, and a relative novice, Ohurougu was a convincing winner over Lee McConnell, a European and Commonwealth medal-winner in 2002.
If London's 2012 Olympic bid succeeds, Ohurougu may, in years to come, become Britain's Cathy Freeman. She comes from Stratford, the site of the proposed Olympic stadium, and would, at 28, have all the experience she lacks


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Quebec Autoroute 540
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Quebec Autoroute 540 (Quebec City))
For the former Autoroute 540 in the Montreal suburb of Vaudreuil-Dorion, see Quebec Autoroute 540 (Vaudreuil-Dorion) and Quebec Autoroute 30.
|Autoroute Duplessis (Duplessis Autoroute)
|Route information
|Maintained by Transports Québec
|5.1 km[2][1] (3.2 mi)
|1966[1] – present
|Major junctions
|North end:
|Route 138
|Autoroute 40
|South end:
|Autoroute 73 & Route 175
|Major cities:
|Quebec City
|Highway system
Autoroute 540 is a short spur highway, connecting Route 138 to Autoroute 73 and linking the Jean Lesage International Airport with the Pierre Laporte Bridge. It is also known as Autoroute Duplessis, honouring former Premier Maurice Duplessis. Exits are numbered from North to South, unlike other Autoroutes which have their exits numbered from South to North.
- ^ a b "Répertoire des autoroutes du Québec" (in French). Transports Québec. Retrieved 2008-02-23.
- ^ Ministère des transports, "Distances routières", page (?), Les Publications du Québec, 2005
External links[edit]
|KML file (edit • help)
- Transport Quebec website
- Transports Quebec Map (French)
- A-540 at Quebec Autoroutes
- A-540 at Exitlists.com
|This Quebec road, road transport or highway-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.


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Jennifer Lolley, outreach administrator, supervises grounds and facilities, and acts as chief curator of programs, live collections, and outreach activities. Jennifer's enthusiasm and knowledge of environmental education are the cornerstone of the Kreher Preserve and Nature Center's award-winning programs and the inspiration for student and citizen volunteers alike. Contact Jennifer at (334) 707-6512 or email (jrl0006 @ auburn.edu).
We are pleased to welcome Daisy Griffin as our new Education Director at the Kreher Preserve and Nature Center. Daisy holds a BS in Zoology from Auburn University. She is a longtime educator and has written and published a series of children's chapter books which focus on how children interact with the natural world. To schedule school visits, birthday parties or other educational events contact Daisy at (334) 844-8091 or email (griffdt @ auburn.edu).
Jamie Anderson assists with planning and budgetary oversight. She also manages marketing, communications, and business development activities for the Kreher Preserve and Nature Center. Her focus is to grow membership, foster community awareness, and create alternative income sources in support of the KPNC's mission and operations. Contact Jamie at (334) 703-2953 or via email (jla0015 @ auburn.edu).
Sharon Tatum, development coordinator, assists the Kreher Preserve and Nature Center with its fundraising and public awareness activities and acts as liaison for corporate and private giving through the School of Forestry and Wildlife Science's Development Unit. Contact Sharon at (334) 844-1983 or via e-mail (sharon.tatum @ auburn.edu).
The Kreher Preserve & Nature Center routinely employs seasonal and part-time teachers, naturalists, and care-takers. If interested in learning more about potential job opportunities, please contact Jennifer Lolley at email@example.com.


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Claus (007)
37,082pages onAdd New Page
this wiki
this wiki
Claus is a villain of the 1981 James Bond movie, For Your Eyes Only.
He was played by Charles Dance, notable for his role as Tywin Lannister in Game of Thrones.
An assassin and henchman of Aris Kristatos, smuggler and main villain. At Cortina, Locque, a dragon, sends Claus and his accomplice to cut Bond off. Following 007, Locque and Claus enter the ski jump and on the ski jump James Bond knocks Claus off his feet. After Locque and he kill Countess Lisl, Claus tries to order Bond into Locque's car but Claus gets harpooned and killed by Colombo's men.


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View All Favorites
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What's the first thing to do when entering the park? Get a picture with your favorite furry friends, of course! Walk through the brightly decorated front gate and get ready for a big furry hug and an adorable photo with everyone's favorite Sesame Street® friends! Standing right outside of our soaring roller coaster, Vapor Trail, you won't be able to miss any of our characters at this photo spot!
Photo Times and Characters vary daily.


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We Find The Money,You Find The House
Our calculators and tools allow you to work out the size home loan you are likely to qualify for, how much your bond repayments will be, the likely size of bond and transfer costs and the effect of increasing your monthly home loan repayments.
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Exactly what will your home cost you in monthly bond repayments and what will be the total overall cost of the home loan? And, if you could pay extra every month, how much faster would you repay your loan? These are important questions, which can be answered using our home loan calculators.
When you buy a property you will also need to work out other costs, like bond registration and transfer costs. You'll need to consider these in terms of your overall affordability as they can push up your total spend quite dramatically, so you need to be realistic about including them in your calculations. Our bond affordability calculator can greatly assist with this regard.
Our bond status or amortisation calculator makes it possible to get a good picture of the whole life of a bond. Based on a fixed monthly repayment, you'll see what amount you'd be paying in interest every month of every year that you're bonded. And you can calculate the total you'd pay in interest over the whole period. You'll also see how much your loan reduces by every month over the full period of the bond, and how quickly the balance reduces near the end of the term of your bond. Try out our bond repayment calculator to get an idea of what your monthly repayments will be like.
Buying your first home can be a very exciting time!
If you're in the property market, or just considering buying your first home, you should be thinking about these things in 2014 to save you money and to protect your investment. Make one of these resolutions now, and stick to it!
A prequalification certificate will take some of the uncertainty out of the house
View all news
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Originally posted on Fox Sports South | Last updated 5/9/13
SAN FRANCISCO (AP) -- Fredi Gonzalez is leaving the Atlanta Braves for a whirlwind, cross-country trek back to Georgia. After managing Thursday night's series opener at San Francisco, Gonzalez is set to depart from the Bay Area at 6 a.m. on Friday so he can arrive in Statesboro, Ga., in time to attend his daughter's graduation from Georgia Southern first thing Saturday morning. He will fly from San Francisco to Atlanta, then to Savannah before renting a car and driving another 45 minutes to Statesboro. "I couldn't be any further away," Gonzalez said of playing out West. "Hey, whatever it takes, if you've got to take Stagecoach or Pony Express to go see your daughter graduate college, you've got to do it. ... I wonder where Chipper's (Jones) at. I'd think he'd swing by and come get me." Bench coach Carlos Tosca, a former Toronto Blue Jays skipper, will manage in Gonzalez's place for two games -- and even again Sunday if the first two are wins, Gonzalez joked. He is scheduled to return late Saturday. "If he loses them, he gets credit," Gonzalez said. "No matter what, it goes under mine. He's more than capable of doing it. He's managed, he's done it, we've been together seven years. ... If they go out and win three in a row, they may not want me back. I tell you what, if we win those two games I may stay out Sunday. You can't play with superstition, right?" Gabrielle "Gigi" Gonzalez is set to earn a bachelor's degree in marketing and public relations, and has an internship set to begin in Atlanta. She is the oldest of Gonzalez's two children. "She did it in four years. I'm going to go watch her walk. I'm so pumped up," the proud father said. "Some summer school, a lot of sleepless nights but she got it done. I'm really excited for her. ... I got a text from her the other day that, This degree is yours and mom's for helping me go through college.' I'm really excited to see her. I told my wife to make sure we pack some handkerchiefs."
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Blog Postings
Over the past few days, there has been a very good video going around Facebook. The speaker is Simon Sinek, and he generally focuses on leadership and management. This particular video is about Millenials, and our perspective on them today, in the workplace. Millenials are generally those that were born between the early 1980's and … More Parenting in a Fast Food Technology WorldRead Full Post
Today, I found myself in an all too familiar situation. As I was leaving Prague, and heading home for two weeks of family time for Christmas, I found myself growing angry and frustrated as the day played out. First, I get a text, at 4 am, telling me that my flight had been delayed, and … More Gratitude….the reason for the season?...Read Full Post
There has been so much turmoil, in our country, over the past year, that I really do not know where to start. Honestly, I go through different emotions everyday. Some days I feel angry. Other days I feel sad. But mostly I feel disappointed. We live in the greatest country on earth, yet we continue … More A Broken Country...Read Full Post
Well, it's another Independence Day, in the US. This year we celebrate 240 years of freedom. In this case, it is pretty easy to identify what freedom means. Freedom, for our nation, is from British rule, in 1776. Hopefully, we have all learned about this in our history lessons. But I am talking about something … More What Does Freedom Mean to You?...Read Full Post
What are we doing? Why have we become such a cynical society? In the past week, there was a tragedy when the young boy fell into the gorilla enclosure at the Cincinnati zoo. Yes, it was a tragedy that a gorilla lost its' life, just for being a gorilla when he did not ask to … More Why Are We So Cynical?...Read Full Post
Another Mother's Day is upon us, and I find myself thinking more and more what it means to be a mother in God's eyes. I must admit that this not something that I have thought much about, in the past. So I set off to do some research. There are so many great characteristics of … More Happy Mother's Day!!!...Read Full Post
This past week, Kirk Cameron made national news by telling The Christian Post that wives should submit and follow their husband's lead. Actually he said, "Wives are to honor and respect and follow their husband's lead, not to tell their husband how he ought to be a better husband," he said. "When each person gets … More God's Instructions for Marriage...Read Full Post
Well, I figured that everyone else has weighed in on this subject, so why shouldn't I? I am sure that everyone is aware of Target's decision, last week, to allow people to use the restroom of the gender of which they identify. This is a landmark decision by them, and one that comes with a … More The Great Restroom Controversy...Read Full Post
It's sometimes a struggle to really understand what it means to be the spiritual leader in the family. Consequently, I often stumble in my attempts to get it right. I find that I am over thinking it, or not thinking about it enough, or saying the wrong thing, etc…. And what does it mean to … More Spiritual Leadership in the Home...Read Full Post
Wow!! What a great message today! And, as usual, it comes at just the right time. The sermon was about overcoming pride. And it sparked a lot of thought for me. Of course, we all deal with selfish pride, and we often think about pride manifesting itself in ways that have to do with wealth … More Humble Yourself…...Read Full Post


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Dog Feeder, Food Storage Bin, 25 Lb. Capacity
This automatic dog feeder and food storage bin is constructed of heavy duty galvanized steel that is durable and rust resistant. Your dog can nudge open the magnetic door to eat and when the door is closed the food stays dry and pest free. Food is placed into the top of the feeder and storage container. An angled chute dispenses a steady flow of food on demand. MPN-CH25
Use this dog feeder with a storage bin to make feeding your dogs easier. This storage bin will hold up to 25 lb. of dry dog food. Your dog can access the food by nudging open the feeding door that is held shut by magnets. Food flow is on demand via a special angle chute from the storage bin. Once finished eating, the door will close and the magnets will help keep food dry and pest free. This food bin can be wall mounted or framed.
Pet Lodge Chow Hound Pet Feeder and Storage Bin, CH25
HEAVY DUTY DOG FEEDER 25# CAP. in Pet Feeders & Waterers and Pet Supplies at Agri Supply ®.Shipping & Return Information
Review Summary (Based on 1 Reviews)
- Overall Rating: 4/5
- Write a Review
Customer Reviews
one of the best ive ever owned
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text: "You Only Live Once" ~ Sideshow Mel 18,820 articles beingedited here Add New Page Edit History Talk0 No file by this name exists. About File History Description Category: Comedy Retrieved from "http://simpsons.wikia.com/wiki/File:%22You_Only_Live_Once%22_%7E_Sideshow_Mel?oldid=522714" Ad blocker interference detected! Wikia is a free-to-use site that makes money from advertising. We have a modified experience for viewers using ad blockers Wikia is not accessible if you've made further modifications. Remove the custom ad blocker rule(s) and the page will load as expected.


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Web Design, Website Design
We believe that every healthcare practice has unique needs, yet healthcare practices as a whole are unique compared to other businesses. We focus on these unique needs, while treating each client as an individual.
When it comes to building a website, we work with a diverse network of designers, choosing the right one for each project. Ultimately, WebForDoctors will help you develop a website that allows you to effectively communicate with patients, and serves as a tool to get you new patients. Services include:
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We provide a mix of online and traditional marketing services customized for the specific needs of each client.
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|Top 200
|News & Politics
The Economist was founded in 1843 "to throw white light on the subjects within its range". For more from The Economist visit http://shop.economist.com/collections/audio
July 31st, 2015
Episode 413 of 942 episodes
Our science columnist, Oliver Morton, joins Matthew Sweet to talk about energy in our cells. It flows across cellular membranes with a force as strong as lightning, helps to explain why things age, and may even give us a new way to understand life itself
You'll need to sign in to write a comment.
Welcome to the daily audio workout for your head.


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Tape & Supplies for Production Professionals
What's A Gaffer?
We're Ready To Solve Your Problems
Harrison Bros. Inc.
47 N. Chatham Pkwy.
Chapel Hill, NC 27517
Dear Friends;
Before you read this letter, jump in your car, fill up the gas tank, drive to the mall and buy a pair
of khaki pants. Then come back, catch your breath, and read on.
Perhaps, now it will be a little clearer to you why gaffers tape prices are going up, yet again.
The primary components in gaffers tape are cotton cloth (remember the khaki pants) and oil
based synthetic adhesives (the "fill up the gas tank" part of my introduction).
U.S. based adhesive-backed tape manufacturers are competing on a global basis for the raw
materials they need to make tape. In addition to global demand for cotton (prices doubled in
the last year), continued problems in the primary oil producing countries of the Middle East
make the price for this tape component more volatile than it has ever been.
We appreciate your orders and your ongoing loyalty and feel the pain of anyone in the
production business who must deal with price increases at a point where the economy in our
industry is just getting back on its feet.
I am confident that the manufacturers of the products we offer are doing all they can to hold
down price increases, and we applaud their efforts. They are in a tough spot.
If you have any observations or comments regarding tape pricing, or any strategies you would
like to share regarding how to get the most out of a roll of tape, please let me know. I can be
reached at the number above, or email me at email@example.com.
Jeff Harrison


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Featuring Jeff Foxworthy's good-natured, redneck humor, these fun coffee mugs are sure to make you chuckle as you enjoy your morning coffee or other beverage! Large, 12-ounce, ceramic mugs make great gifts for co-workers, friends, and students, too. Order one mug, or pick several to give as a set for birthdays, holidays and other special occasions! All mugs are dishwasher safe and come in a sturdy box for easy gift-wrapping!
Don't forget to check out the Jeff Foxworthy greeting cards and other funny redneck gifts!
We guarantee your complete satisfaction! If for any reason you are not completely
satisfied with our merchandise or service, we will promptly and cheerfully exchange the
merchandise or refund your money - whichever you prefer. No hassles!


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The Jaguars spoke today of staying the course, and it's not like there is a choice.
They were hurt last season, and they are hurt again already, and the injuries are largely at two positions. When you have several injuries at the same spot -- for Jacksonville, on the offensive line and at linebacker -- odds are you don't have the depth to maintain a standard there.
Then the question becomes, can you survive it?
So far the Jaguars haven't. Tackling and protection/run blocking have been big issues through two losses, because they are down two of the three guys they expected to start at linebacker, and at least two of the five they would like to be starting on the offensive line.
I've written a lot about my thinking that the Jaguars didn't do enough for their offensive line depth during the offseason. I know they lost Jason Spitz and John Estes to camp injuries. But they seem to be the only people around that think Guy Whimper is a competent third tackle.
Let's talk defense here, though.
Linebacker is a spot where many teams don't spent too much money. In a 4-3, you need pass-rushers and cover guys. On the level between them, have one fast sideline-to-sideline guy who can be a physical tackler, another who might be a lesser version of that, and a guy who can play well on run downs who won't be part of the nickel.
Jacksonville went against that thinking. With Daryl Smith, a very good outside guy, already on board, the Jags spent big dollars in the 2011 free-agent market for Paul Posluszny and Clint Session.
It's a great group, but it has not played together since Nov. 20, 2011 and has played just half of 18 possible regular-season game together.
Sunday in Indianapolis, the Jaguars will be without Session and Smith again. Neither has played this season, with Session's career seemingly in jeopardy as he deals with post-concussion issues on PUP, and Smith out again with a groin issue.
Russell Allen and Kyle Bosworth are OK as fourth and fifth guys. Move them up two slots apiece, and you've got issues.
And the Jaguars have issues.


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Ebooks from category "forensic - Page 11"
|Title:Color Atlas of Forensic Pathology
Author: Jay Dix
Rating: 4.22/5
Published Date: 1999
|Title:Forensic Fingerprints: Remarkable Real-Life Murder Cases Solved by Forensic Detection
Author: Hugh Miller
Rating: 3.79/5
Published Date:
|Title:Forensic Pharmacology. Inside Forensic Science.
Author: Morris Zedeck
Rating: 0.0/5
Published Date: 2007
|Title:Forensic Anthropology. Inside Forensic Science.
Author: Bradley Adams
Rating: 3.50/5
Published Date: 2007
|Title:Forensics: Book 2 (Forensics Series)
Author: Gary Margrove
Rating: 5.00/5
Published Date: 2014
|Title:Forensics of Capital
Author: Michael Ralph
Rating: 3.25/5
Published Date: 2014
|Title:Architectural Forensics
Author: Sam Kubba
Rating: 3.00/5
Published Date: 2008
|Title:Forensic Discovery
Author: Dan Farmer
Rating: 4.50/5
Published Date:
|Title:Forensic Dentistry
Author: Paul G. Stimson
Rating: 0.0/5
Published Date: 1997
|Title:Forensic Science
Author: Jay A. Siegel
Rating: 3.50/5
Published Date: 2012
|Title:Forensic Science
Author: John C. Brenner
Rating: 0.0/5
Published Date: 2003
|Title:Two Parts Bloody Murder (Abbott and Lowell Forensic Mysteries, #4)
Author: Jen J. Danna
Rating: 4.06/5
Published Date: 2015
|Title:Forensic Anthropology: Contemporary Theory and Practice
Author: Debra Komar
Rating: 3.94/5
Published Date: 2007
|Title:An Introduction to Forensic Linguistics: Language in Evidence
Author: Malcolm Coulthard
Rating: 3.71/5
Published Date: 2007
|Title:One Grave Less (Diane Fallon Forensic Investigation #9)
Author: Beverly Connor
Rating: 4.25/5
Published Date: 2010
|Title:The Handbook of Forensic Sexology
Author: James J. Krivacska
Rating: 4.33/5
Published Date: 1994
|Title:Ask A Forensic Artist
Author: Lisa Bailey
Rating: 4.20/5
Published Date: 2014
|Title:Wordcrime: Solving Crime Through Forensic Linguistics
Author: John Olsson
Rating: 4.04/5
Published Date: 2009
|Title:Violent Python: A Cookbook for Hackers, Forensic Analysts, Penetration Testers and Security Engineers
Author: T.J. O'Connor
Rating: 4.08/5
Published Date: 2012
|Title:Simpson's Forensic Medicine, 13th Edition
Author: Jason Payne-James
Rating: 4.29/5
Published Date: 2011


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Bev Thorne is the chief marketing officer of Century 21, overseeing an organization known for its prowess in real-time marketing and aligning the brand with the consumer trends that matter today.At Real Estate Connect in July, Thorne will discuss whose brand really matters to consumers, and what that means for agents, brokers and franchisors. She'll share her insights on how all parties can work together to create a brand that people trust, and one that remains relevant even as what matters to today's buyers evolves. Don't miss her session Thursday, July 17, at Real Estate Connect San Francisco.Inman: What's the most disruptive force changing the economy and consumer behavior and why?Bev ThorneBT: Mobile connectivity and location-based services are likely the most disruptive forces that are impacting consumer behavior today. The opportunities these technologies provide to companies that are able to translate their vision into an economically viable business plan ...
Agents, brokers and franchisors must work together to create a brand that people trust
Insights from Century 21's Bev Thorne
Published on Jun 6, 2014


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Working in business enterprises or organizations with an international orientation, one may seldom rely on solid knowledge of economics and business conditions only. Mastering foreign languages and being able to cope with the challenges of foreign cultures is equally important, for instance when negotiating agreements on financial or other matters.
The master of science in business, language and culture offers you the opportunity of extending your knowledge in the areas of business economics and business language. Faced with growing political, economic, cultural, and social globalization, businesses will make increasing demands on their employees, who will have to work across national and linguistic borders.
This Business, Language and Culture (Flensburg/Sonderborg) master degree from University of Southern Denmark will provide you with a high level of qualifications for analysing, evaluating, and performing the tasks involved in the international activities of business enterprises, tasks in which communication and mediation skills often play an important role. Thus the study programme combines foreign language competences with the study of social conditions as well as economic and sociological factors influencing decision-making processes in various cultures.
In Flensburg, you will find an intercultural study environment in which German is not just a subject, but an integral part of your everyday life.
All the subjects have been integrated, which means that you will obtain solid theoretical knowledge in each main field, and that at the same time you will be able to recognize and understand their interrelations.
A master�s thesis concludes the programme. In the thesis you will have to describe, analyse, and solve a problem or complex of problems, applying the knowledge you have obtained during the study programme. Master�s theses are often written in co-operation with a private or public enterprise or other organization.
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Ensuring your horse is always sufficiently hydrated is a top priority when it comes to promoting total equine health and performance. It is often the case that horses refuse to drink when they need to most, especially during illness and convalescence, when competing, traveling or being stabled. Electrolytes are an effective method of re-hydration, helping to replenish lost body salts so that the performance of your horse is never jeapordised. Easy to administer and absorb, electrolytes are a must for highly active or recovering horses, ensuring they are never at risk of muscle damage, reduced kidney function or colic, characteristic of severe dehydration.
A complex, comprehensive formulation consisting of electrolyte salts designed to promote rapid rehydration, Dodson and Horrell Electrolytes is a delicious, highly palatable, easy to administer ion supplement that replenishes lost essential salts and.. Read more
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A mineral feeding stuff for horses. Rich in calcium and sodium salts. AZODINE supplies electrolytes particularly abundant in equine sweat: sodium, chloride and calcium. Nutritional value: Electrolyte balance and the interactions between different.. Read more
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Equine America Applelytes Granules is a salt-based formulation to supplement your horse's daily feed, assisting in re-hydration and restoring vital electrolytes to the bloodstream following intense exercise and exertion. Applelytes Granules contains.. Read more
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Science Supplements Complete Electrolytes is a highly palatable, fully balanced electrolyte which replaces those lost during exercise while being gentle on digestion too. Lack of electrolyte intake can cause poor performance and can be affected by.. Read more
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Isopro 2000 is a super concentrated, highly developed formula offering affordable and remarkably rapid electrolyte replacement. Specially formulated for performance horse, TRM Isopro is designed for daily use and quickly replaces the broad spectrum.. Read more
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Horse First Heavy Sweat puts back what sweat takes out during hard work travelling and exercise. Pure body salts with no fillers glucose bicarbonate or lactate. Suitable for all equine athletes from pony club to grand prix from hunting to racing... Read more
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Powder Nettex Electrolyte Maintenance Powder has been formulated to rapidly replace vital salts that are lost through any form of sweating brought on from strenuous exercise, travelling or stress related conditions.Nettex Electrolyte Maintenance.. Read more
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Contains soluble amino acids to counteract muscle fatigue, plus Dextrose to replace lost blood sugars, especially after hard work or competitions. Privides extra potassium. May administered in water or added to the feed with access to water.
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Horse Quencher is a new product to the UK having been a huge success in the US – across all equestrian disciplines and levels, including the American and Canadian Olympic event riders in Hong Kong. Horse Quencher is an all-natural product that.. Read more
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Equimins Dee-Tye & Drink Liquid Supplement is a product for horses that tie up (Azoturia). It will make horses drink for the nutritional support of healthy muscle function. One of the reasons for tying up, is horses not drinking enough and.. Read more
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Replenishing electrolytes in the exact same ratio as horses lose them in sweat, TRM Superlyte Syrup is a fast-acting electrolyte booster, ideal for immediate post-competition / exercise recovery. This easily fed, delicious feed syrup is vital for.. Read more
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Use Gold Label Electrolyte Liquid in the drinking water after competition, travelling or in hot weather. Replaces essential body salts. Contents include Liquid Seaweed, Liquid Glucose and major mineral salts.
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Add to feeds to balance the calcium/phosphorous ratio. Your right choice.
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Data Deluge
Researchers Turn to Cloud Computing as Genomic Sequencing Data Threatens to Overwhelm Traditional IT Systems
Seeking Young Scientists for Research in Space
Sounds of Science Podcasts
Infectious Fight
Tackling the Inevitability of Resistance One Genome at a Time
Long Noncoding RNAs: Clarity or Confusion?
Because They Are Such Elusive Prey, lncRNAs Have Yet to Emerge as Therapeutic Targets
Cloning and Stem Cell Research
Recent stem cell research advances have brought scientists closer to using somatic cell nuclear transfer for the development of cell replacement therapies for humans. These reports are also rekindling the debate over the application of this technology for human reproductive cloning. (For more on this, click here.)
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Dobama presents Pulitzer Prize-winner 'The Flick'
Kernels of stale buttered popcorn, sticky soda spills, and the occasional sandwich wrapper keep three underpaid employees of a run-down movie theater busy in "The Flick" by Annie Baker. Its regional premiere runs March 3–26 at Dobama Theatre, and is directed by Nathan Motta, Dobama's artistic director.
In awarding "The Flick" the 2014 Pulitzer Prize for Drama, the Pulitzer committee cited it as "a thoughtful drama with well-crafted characters . . . rendering lives rarely seen on the stage."
The play's unconventional setting situates the audience where the screen would be in a movie theater, facing rows of seats and aisles with a projection booth above.


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By: Shannon Ralph
I have discovered something mildly disturbing about myself this week. Something I did not expect. Something I am not sure how to process. Here it is…I am a male chauvinist pig. Okay, actually, that is biologically impossible. Rather, I am a female chauvinist pig. I always considered myself a raging feminist. But now…I am not so sure. And I don't know how to handle this new self-enlightenment.
It all began when Ruanita ironed my shirts. I came home from work one day last week to an announcement from Ruanita that she had ironed seventeen of my shirts that day. Seventeen?! These are shirts that I have simply been avoiding wearing to work because they needed to be ironed and I simply had neither the time nor the inclination to lug out the old ironing board. But Ruanita, without being asked to do so, ironed my shirts. When I asked her why, she responded, "I noticed you hadn't been wearing them, so I ironed them for you so you can wear them to work."
Ruanita's deranged ironing spree got me thinking. It was a lovely gesture and one that I greatly appreciated. I began to think about all of the other things Ruanita does while I am away at work. The dishwasher is loaded and emptied every day. The laundry is all washed and neatly put away (though she still has no clue when it comes to our socks versus Lucas' socks or Sophie's jeans versus Nicky's jeans, but I can forgive her that small blunder). The children are fed and happy. She turns off the television and limits their computer screen time. My carpets are vacuumed. My children go to the library and the park. My dog gets walked every day.
When I was a part-time stay-at-home mom, I absolutely sucked. If I made it to the end of the day and no one had inflicted bodily harm on anyone, I considered the day a success. Laundry sat in piles taller than me. We simply grabbed dishes from the dishwasher when we needed them. I did not, and still do not, know how to turn on the vacuum cleaner. The kids watched television and played video games and stared at the computer screen all afternoon. I was an utter failure as a stay-at-home-mom.
As a working woman, however, I rock. There is something inherently thrilling about putting on nice clothes and shlubbing off to the office every morning. I love suit coats. I love checking email at my desk while sipping my morning coffee. I love meetings and conference calls. I adore being part of work groups and committees. I am happy lugging around a laptop all day. I love having lunch with other adults. I even like working against deadlines and feeling under the gun. I simply enjoy working. It makes me happy. My desk is littered with pictures of my children that I stare at all day. I do not, however, feel a longing to be home with them. Does that make me a bad mom? Though I love coming home to their smiling faces in the evening, I am content to have them in Ruanita's safe keeping during the day.
So what does this say about me? I love being married to a housewife. Not being one. I love that Ruanita takes care of our home. I love that I walk into the house in the evening to the smell of candles burning and the sound of kids' laughter and sight of smiling faces running toward me to tell me about their day. If Ruanita had a glass of wine and some slippers ready and waiting for me, my life would be damn near perfect. Is that a horribly chauvinistic thought or what?!
I love living with a stay-at-home mom, but would probably have to fight the urge every day to flush my head down the toilet if I were one. Don't get me wrong. I still cook dinner every night and do homework with the kids. I don't come home and plant myself on the couch and veg out. But I certainly don't do as much around the house as Ruanita does.
What kind of mother happily leaves her children to head off to work every day? What kind of mother would prefer working late to complete a project rather than going home to her family? I have nothing but complete respect and adoration for stay-at-home moms. These women who can be loving and nurturing 24/7 amaze me. I simply do not have it in me. I think working makes me a better mom than I would be otherwise. A more patient mom. A more appreciative mom. I wish I could be the hands-on, 24/7, pearl-wearing, cookie-baking mom of the Leave It to Beaver era. Alas, I cannot.
Luckily for me, however, I can live with one.
The post Ramblings of a Working Mom appeared first on The Next Family.
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Originally published on The Seattle Lesbian
By Laura King
Life can get busy. With work, kids, family commitments, friends, chores, and the general chaos of everyday life, it can be near impossible at times to sit down for a cup of tea, let alone squeeze in an hour of exercise regularly. However, all things are possible if you set your mind to them. Those that prioritize their fitness nearly...
With the passage of marriage equality last year, laws have been quickly changing across the United States. LGBT couples with or without children weren't just given the right of marriage, they were provided new protections and benefits within their families. All of a sudden, LGBT couples and families had to figure out how to file jointly when it came to taxes, how to add...
By Alex Temblador
I recently wrote an article for The Next Family called, "Family-Friendly Films That Feature Adoption and Foster Care," that shared wonderful family films with adoption or foster care story lines. My reasoning behind doing so was because every family deserves a chance to see similar families like theirs represented in various forms of entertainment.
The same can be said of other...


text: Machhiwara Speed Dating at QuackQuack - Enroll and know how speed dating works in Machhiwara and makes easy to meet thousands of Machhiwara singles men and women. Meet Machhiwara dating singles in a single click with best speed dating Machhiwara! Why waiting, sign up now and start speed dating in Machhiwara.


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Owls Drop Heartbreaker in OT
McHargue totals 467 yards in loss
Blues Run Away with Spring Game, 57-22
2012 Spring Game
Broderick Jackson tackle vs. Kansas
Rice Wins C-USA Championship
Rice defeated Marshall 41-24 to win the C-USA Championship on December 7.
Liberty Bowl Photos II
More photos from the 2013 AutoZone Liberty Bowl
Rice 17, Tulane 13
Rice clinched the C-USA West title with a 17-13 win over Tulane on November 30, 2013
Senior Final Practice
The Rice football seniors were carried from the field by their teammates after their final practice at Rice Stadium on Friday.
Rice 23, Kansas 14
Rice defeated Kansas 23-14 at Rice Stadium on September 14.
Explosive hitter who found a home on defense and looks to expand his role at linebacker.
Another Owl who saw time on both sides of the ball in 2012... Opened the year on special teams and as a reserve running back... Had one carry for two yards vs. UCLA in the opener... Made the move to back to defense (played safety at Tyler JC in 2011) due to injuries... Saw action at both safety and linebacker and picked up a tackle at UTEP.
Played defensive back at Tyler JC... Was credited with 61 tackles, including three for loss, broke up one pass and intercepted a second.
Kirbyville High School
All-State selection as a senior for Coach Jack Alvarez at Kirbyville while leading the 13-1 Wildcats to a berth in the 2A Division 1 title game vs. Muleshoe... Wildcats were ranked #1 in the state during the season... Finalist for the Willie Ray Smith Award, presented to the top offensive and defensive players of the year in the Golden Triangle... Finished the year with 69 tackles and a pair of interceptions... All-District 22-2A on both offense and defense as a junior ... Regional qualifier on the Wildcats 4x100 and 4x200 relays as a junior... also a regional qualifier in powerlifting... Named Mr. KHS and was President of the school's chapter of FCA.
Full Name: Broderick Jamal Jackson... Born: Nov. 28, 1989 at Jasper, Texas. .... Parents: Keith Barnett and Sara Jackson, Kirbyville... (one brother)... Sport Management major.
|Baker College
More Headlines
Bailiff Announces New Defensive Staff Members
01/18/2017 - Brian Stewart, who has coordinated defenses at both the NFL and FBS levels, and Scott Vestal, who has coached defensive backs in both the Big 12...
McGuffie Wins First World Cup Gold
12/16/2016 - Former Rice standout Sam McGuffie opened his second season with the US Bobsled team in impressive fashion, teaming with three-time Olympic medalist...
Ellerbee, Martin and McGaskey Honored by Phil...
12/14/2016 - Linebacker Emmanuel Ellerbee, center Trey Martin and strong safety Tabari McGaskey have named by Phil Steele to his 2016 All-Conference USA squad. ...
Ellerbee Named to C-USA All-Conference Team
12/06/2016 - Rice junior linebacker Emmanuel Ellerbee leads a group of six Owls who were honored by Conference USA coaches in their annual voting to selected C-...
Ellerbee Named to C-USA All-Academic Squad
12/01/2016 - Rice junior linebacker Emmanuel Ellerbee, who led Conference USA in tackles in his first year as a starter, has been honored for his excellence...
Bailiff to Return in 2017
11/29/2016 - Rice Director of Director of Athletics, Recreation & Lifetime Fitness Joe Karlgaard announced on Tuesday that head football coach David Bailiff...
Rice Closes Season with Loss at No. 24 Stanford
11/26/2016 - Jowan Davis scored twice but it was not enough as Rice dropped its season finale at 24th-ranked Stanford, 41-17.
R Blog: Seniors Ride Off in Style
11/24/2016 - The Rice football team held its final practice of 2016 at Rice Stadium.
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This is your resource to discuss support topics with your peers, and learn from each other.
03-31-2014 01:37 PM - edited 03-31-2014 01:39 PM
I have problem with 9320 curve as i have it from 2 years battery it drains so fast within 7 hrs and mobile switches off at night without reason or application in background as i close Wi-fi and all application then i unistalled whatsapp application but the problm remains so i need to know why my battery draining so fast
Hi and Welcome to the Community!
I recommend that you attempt to boot into Safe Mode:
It may take you multiple attempts to get the ESC key sequence (press/release/hold) correct, so be patient. When successfully into Safe Mode, see what happens.
If the behavior ceases, then think carefully...what happened just before this behavior started? A new app? An update? A Theme? Something else? Think carefully as the smallest change could be causal...and attempt to undo whatever that was.
But if the behavior continues in Safe Mode, then you may need to consider more drastic actions -- WIPE, OS Reload, BBSAK Wipe/Reload, and the "Bare Bones" OS Reload Process. To prepare, you should be sure that you have a full backup to your PC...please review the Backup link in my auto-sig on this post for instructions.
Good luck and let us know!


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Chase Medical have Practice Nurse locum shifts available now in North and North East London, which you can also book months in advance! These are at our fantastic locum pay rates of £25-£42 per hour!* Would you benefit from an increased income?
You can work when and where you want to, to earn more and stay flexible. There are no minimum number of shifts. And with these pay rates, even working ad hoc shifts is a great way to boost your earnings! So don't be a slave to the rota any longer - create your own rota and work the shifts of your choosing.
Locum work can give you job fulfilment, as our clients really appreciate the skills and experience you can bring to them, and their patients, as a Practice Nurse.
Working with Chase Medical has some excellent benefits:
With no limit to the number of shifts you work, and the ability to pick and choose where you work too, working with Chase Medical allows you to create your own career. And because we specialise in Primary Care, all the work you'll be receiving will be relevant to your experience!
We also have permanent roles available, (often exclusively!), so when you're looking for your next role, we can help alleviate the stress associated with searching for work
Chase Medical offers a helpful agency service, which begins with a quick, easy, and free application. All you need to do to get started is send your CV to [Click here to apply], or for more information call [Click here to apply] and ask for Bryony.
Due to the high demand for our staff locally, Chase Medical is also looking for Nurse Practitioners in the area. So if you know any Practice Nurses or Nurse Practitioners in the area, you could earn £50 just for referring them! What are you waiting for?
*Including holiday pay


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The meetings will occur on Tuesday and Wednesday nights. Note the nomenclature: the meeting was originally called the Quality of Life Committee, then morphed into Community Update, but, at least in this document issued by Empire State Development, is melded.
Sunday, December 13, 2015
The 2016 schedule for the "Quality of Life Community Update" meetings
Posted by Norman Oder at 7:00 AM
Labels: Quality of Life Committee
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


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- Project Details
Title STROMSCHIENEN - TRANSNATIONALE ANERKENNUNG DER ARBEIT ERFAHRUNG IN AUSLÄNDISCHEN UNTERNEHMEN
Project Number 2012-IT-1-LEO05-02779
Year 2012
Project Type Innovationstransfer
Status bewilligt
Country IT-Italien
Marketing Text Mehr erfahren Sie mehr Sie haben Chancen, mehr Ihren Lernens anerkannt wird, mehr Ihre Fähigkeiten werden von Unternehmen verstanden und mehr können Sie eine professionelle Wachstum haben. Wenn Sie ein Praktikum im Ausland zu machen, und Sie möchten Ihre neuen Fähigkeiten in Ihrem Arbeitsmarkt verbringen Sie Ihre Fähigkeiten sind durch die Produktion System erkannt werden. Dieses Projekt wird die aknowledgement von Fähigkeiten im Ausland durch Unternehmen Ihrer Hoheitsgebiet begründet hat. Jetzt kannst du gehen, lernen, komm zurück und verbringen Sie Ihren neuen Fähigkeiten
Raise the number of mobility processes within the vocational training system is one of the main objectives of the European Commission and one of the priorities for the upcoming 2014-2020 programming period. It is obvious that one of the variables through which the number of vocational training mobilities can be increased will be the ATTRACTIVNESS of these work experiences abroad and therefore their USAGE VALUE in the labour market of reference.
The project moves from the need to identify tools and practices for the RECOGNITION of the skills acquired during mobility and to improve their recognition by the labour market. More the experience will be usable, more beneficiaries will be interested in it and this will make mobility a natural thing to do and not an exception. The usage value given to the experience depends on the ability of the vocational training system to make skills acquired during mobility transparent, clear and recognizable.
Concerning this, Friuli Venezia Giulia has a system to describe and group vocational skills that has been working for years and refers to the organizations of the working process, the repertorire is not tied to the education and vocational qualifications system, making it more flexible and easy for enterprises to undestand and use. This "syntax" is an innovative practice that can be transferred for the codification of skills acquired during mobility combined with the validation of the acquired competences by local assessment companies and the use of Europass supplment of in-company experience as the reference for acknowledgement of the experience.
The general objective is to increase the quality and attractiveness of the European vocational training system by transferring innovative practices for the recognition of skills acquired during international mobility. The addressees of this strategy are students who are members of IVT and PLM groups. The aim is to transfer a model to codify and recognize the skills acquired during mobility so they will be easier to spend in the labour market.
The project aims to overcome problems that companies have in the recognition of qualifications. The aim is to develop and transfer the existing experience and tools, common guidelines to manage the acknowledgement made by the hosting foreign company and the validation made by a local "assessment" company of the work experience carried out during mobility periods.
The rationale of this project finds its origin in the following order of reasons:
... The increase in mobility processes within the system of the FP is one of the main objectives of the European Commission and one of the priorities for the next programming period 2014/2020. It's clear that one of the variables under which it will be possible to increase the number of mobility experiences in FP will be made even by the attractiveness of these experiences and their usability of the same labor market reference. The idea comes from the need to identify tools and practices relevant to the recognition of the skills acquired in the context of mobility experiences and to improve the usability of the same labor market. The more the experience will be spent, how much more will appeal by the beneficiaries and the more attractive it will be much easier it is to make mobility a rule rather than an exception. The usability of the experience depends on the ability of the FP system to make clear, readable, and therefore recognize the skills acquired in mobility.
... In FriuliVG a system of description and articulation skills related to the structures of work processes, and then dropped from the system of professional qualifications has been developed for many years. The "syntax" is an innovative practice can transfer the coding skills acquisition in the process of mobility.
... The focus of this project is therefore the need to increase the value in use of the mobility realized in a production environment of another country. The value in use may be increased as the labor market and the production system of reference acknowledge the useful experience of mobility. It follows that the certification of skills acquired can not be self-referential and therefore cut off from the system of production, but the production system must be able to find a match and its recognition. It follows that in order to structure an effective system of international mobility - as required by the future ESF programming is necessary to activate a system of certification of skills acquired in training that enhances the role of the company and even amplifies the ability to recognize the learning .
Anerkennung, Transparenz, Zertifizierung
Interkulturelles Lernen
Lebenslanges Lernen
Erziehung und Unterricht
Erbringung von Sonstigen Dienstleistungen
Product Types
Transparenz und Zertifizierung
Product information
- recommendations about transnational we's assessment and validation
- guideline about common assessment procedures
- sectoral (tourism, commerce, constructions) common (multilanguage) professional competence reference to be used for Europass compilation
- guideline about in-company professional competence validation
- multilanguage web tool, based on the common reference to be used for Europass compilation
- guideline about in-company competence validation
Projecthomepage http://www.trackmobility.eu/


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Before kids never late, after 3 kids under 4.5 yes, always late, but close to on time. I swear the earlier I get up the later I am tho sometimes... how that works, I dunno.
Before kids never late, after 3 kids under 4.5 yes, always late, but close to on time. I swear the earlier I get up the later I am tho sometimes... how that works, I dunno.
I aim to leave the house 15 minutes before I actually need to. It means I'm.normally on time, or sitting around for 15 minutes waiting.
Occasionally we'll be late but some things are out of my control (road works, child needing to poop NOW even though they didn't need to 5 minutes ago, etc)
Sent from my GT-I9100T using The Bub Hub mobile app
Nope, I am never late. I HATE being late and I hate when others are. My best friend is always late and it does my head in. We used to live together and I was always waiting for her. I have no idea what she does but every single day she is late for work, every time we have lunch she is late, argh just be on time for once!
Sure be late occasionally, but dh's BFF, wife and children are always always late. It is beyond rude. They just don't care about being on time. Usually at least an hour late, sometimes up to 3. And not a word of apology when they eventually turn up. It makes me so so cranky especially when we make an effort to be at their functions on time.
The most annoying time was when the wife didn't turn up to our wedding reception before we did. The reception started at 530, we got there a bit after 6 and she had decided it would be more fun to stay in their hotel room drinking. She got there just in time for mains to be served. So so rude.
I'm alwayssss early and I catch public transport!!!!
I get anxiety about being late!
I hate being late. The first few outings with ds we were always late, took us a while to get used to packing so much stuff!
me & he = ds 17/9/13 <3
I am late a fair bit. I am really bad with time management. If I know someone is hanging around waiting just for me, or an appointment, I am early but if it's a casual get together or kids' party often DP and I are both pretty bad. We can't even blame DS either. I am a lot better now that I don't work fulltime but when I was I was burning the candle at both ends and something had to give (that was my social life). I'm sure some people will say "I worked fulltime and was never late"....welllllll clearly you're just a better person then.
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The outsiders darry
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Patrick Swayze with C. Thomas Howell and Rob Lowe, as the Curtis Brothers in Francis Ford Coppola's The Outsiders (1983). Loved the book & movie! - this used to be my favorite book and was a great movie :). R.I.P Patrick Swayze. Three brothers Darry, Sodapop, and Ponyboy
Patrick Swayze in The Outsiders (1983) and steve in the back
i like the hair style in this picture this could be use to style one of models for my magazine, i also like the cigarette it creates a rebel vibe
The Outsiders- one of the best movies of all time!!<-And book! xD
Johnny's should be "Stay Gold" but I still love all these quotes. although I love everything from The Outsiders☀
The Outsiders anime art, w/their book descriptions (if you were wondering why dally was blond with blue eyes)
Piggyback rides from the big bro☀
Patrick Swayze as Darry Curtis in The Outsiders, male actor, dancer, artist, hands, sexy guy, r.i.p. you will be forever missed, portrait, photo
The Outsiders Two Bit and Steve | the outsiders ponyboy, darry, sodapop, johnny, steve, dally, two-bit ...
The Outsiders---C Thomas Howell, Patrick Swayze and Rob Lowe...what more could a girl want....!


text: On 16 September 2016, DCNS floated the FREMM multi-mission frigate Bretagne (Brittany) in Lorient, France. The achievement of this industrial milestone marks an important step in the construction of the vessel. It once again underlines the dynamism of DCNS and its capacity to deliver six FREMM frigates to the French Navy (Marine Nationale) before mid-2019, in accordance with the Military Planing Law 2014-2019.