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The Bay tree is indigenous to the Caribbean Islands from where it really is considered to have spread to other regions of the world. Bay held an essential place in Ancient Rome as well as Greece too, within their religion, culture, as well as in their medicines.
Bay Laurel or Laurel Leaf essential oil is well-regarded in aroma therapy because of its distinctive molecular structure. It has elements of almost all of the primary chemical groups that make up essential oils. The result is an extensive range of therapeutic uses. Bay Laurel along with other essential oils of Mediterranean plants were the subject of research into possible anti-viral activity. Bay Laurel was noted to have 'interesting' anti-viral action against the SARS coronavirus, or SARS-CoV, that causes serious acute respiratory syndrome.Most eminent is the mention it gets by Dr. Kurt Schnaubelt in 'Advanced Aromatherapy': "Its positive results on the lymphatic system are indisputable. Massaging a few drops of bay laurel essential oil on inflamed lymph nodes will provide an instantly apparent relieving effect. The positive as well as enjoyable effect of this particular oil is really distinct and powerful that one application will usually be enough to persuade the most hardened skeptic to use it."
The bay laurel essential oil has got traditionally been utilized to relieve digestive issues, however its modern aromatherapy uses make use of its antiseptic, anti-microbial, expectorant, mucolytic, anti-bacterial and anti-infectious properties. It might be contained in blends for breathing support, and also the aroma might be more valued by some that other oils utilized for this purpose. Laurel leaf essential oil could be safely utilized as an immune system support agent, specially when one might come in contact with higher-risk situations, or might find their immune system exhausted from traveling or stress.
Further, Bay Laurel essential oil is shown by some authorities for nerve regrowth (blending with Helichrysum may be useful), in addition to rheumatoid arthritis. The oil features a lovely aroma as well as makes a fantastic accessory for arthritis/joint/muscular formulas not just because of its therapeutic action, however its beautiful spicy & herbaceous scent!
This particular oil is extracted by steam distillation of fresh leaves of the Bay tree, whose scientific name is Laurus Nobilis. The main constituents of Bay Essential Oil are alpha pinene, alpha terpineol, beta pinene, chavicol, geranyl acetate, eugenol, limonene, linalool, methyl chavicol, myrcene, and neral.
Health Benefits of Bay Essential Oil
The health benefits of Bay Essential Oil could be related to its properties just as one germ killing, anti-biotic, anti-neuralgic, anti-spasmodic, analgesic, aperitif, astringent, cholagogue, emenagogue, febrifuge, insecticide, sedative, stomachic, sudorific, and tonic substance.Listed here are several well-known health advantages of utilizing Bay essential oil-
1. Antiseptic
Wounds shouldn't be overlooked, even when they appear moderate, more so when they're from iron objects, rustic or otherwise, or from dirty or even unclean things. Wounds are extremely much susceptible to Septic or Tetanus, which can lead to serious convulsions, cramps, breathlessness, pain, hydrophobia, and also madness. The antiseptic property of the oil safeguards wounds from such infections as well as prevents bacterial growth, whilst assisting to prevent those painful scenarios.
2. Antibiotic
This oil is additionally recognized for its anti-biotic qualities. This means that it prevents any kind of biotic growth (growth of microbes, bacteria, or fungi) within the body, successfully safeguarding you from those bacterial infections. There is one more benefit of using this oil as a possible anti-biotic. It's totally safe and it has no undesirable negative effects (unless utilized in very heavy doses), unlike those anti-biotic medicines available that seriously impact the liver, heart, along with other internal organs.
3. Emmenagogue
This particular property of bay laurel essential oil is beneficial in turning on obstructed menses as well as making them more regular. Additionally, it helps reduce the pain along with other troubles related to menstrual periods.
4. Anti-Neuralgic
Neuralgia is extremely painful also it leaves almost the whole oral zone, including the throat, ears, tonsils, base of the nose, larynx, pharynx, and also the surrounding areas struggling with serious pain. It really is brought on because of compression of the Glossopharyngeal or even the Ninth Cranial Nerve by the surrounding bloodstream, that has a tendency to swell whenever excited or even stimulated because of chewing, eating, laughing, shouting, or other excitement or even movement in this region. The essential Oil of Bay has got analgesic and astringent properties, each of which helps offer rest from the pain of Neuralgia in the own way. Being an analgesic, it lowers the feeling of pain within the affected area. Then, just as one astringent, it causes contraction within the blood vessels, therefore reducing the pressure around the cranial nerve, giving immediate rest from the pain.
5. Anti-spasmodic
Cramps, coughs, aches, diarrhea, nervous afflictions, as well as convulsions are the health conditions brought on by spasm, that is an extreme contraction within the respiratory tracts, muscles, nerves, blood vessels, as well as internal organs. It doesn't only result in the ailments discussed above, but sometimes it may also become fatal if it's excessively abnormal. As an example, extreme spasms within the respiratory system can leave someone breathless or even literally choke them to death. The Essential Oil of Bay provides rest from spasm by relaxing the contractions as well as assisting to prevent the associated hazards or ailments.
6. Analgesic
An analgesic, just like the Essential Oil of Bay, decreases pain, and is particularly great at pains caused by coughs and colds, viral infections, influenza, and also sprains. Again, this really is much better than the analgesic pills in the marketplace, which can damage the heart, digestive system, as well as nervous system.
7. Aperitif
Loss of appetite is a kind of trouble with individuals who lead a metropolitan life-style. Together with the extreme pressure of work at the office in addition to the home, a never-ending look for money, and almost no time to relax or exercise, it's guaranteed to happen! This particular appetite loss ultimately causes acute deficiencies in those individuals. As a result, an appetizer or an aperitif could be a helping hand in these instances. Nothing is much better than a natural aperitif just like the Essential Oil of Bay to assist them want and also have a delicious lunch or dinner.
8. Astringent
We have currently read that astringency could be valuable in dealing with painful conditions just like Neuralgia. However, it's not its sole benefit. An astringent's main function is always to induce contractions in muscles as well as tissues. This particular contraction works well in many different ways. It strengthens the grip of gums on teeth, pulls up the sagging skin as well as muscles, strengthens the hold of the scalp on hair roots, therefore avoiding loss of hair and lastly, it induces contractions within the blood vessels, therefore assisting to stop hemorrhaging.
9. Cholagogue
Bay Oil encourages the release of bile in the stomach, therefore assisting maintain the acid and base balance within it. This bile is utilized to break down the complex food molecules and also to neutralize the extra acids discharged in the stomach, that is extremely important, because this excessive acid can easily wear down the interior lining of the stomach, leading to ulcers.
10. Emenagogue
This property of Bay Essential Oil is beneficial in turning on obstructed menses and leading them to be more regular. Additionally, it eases the pain sensation along with other difficulties related to menstrual periods.
11. Stomachic
The stomach is definitely the root to health and is the root to all health issues too. Any malfunctioning by the stomach leads to an ailment. So long as it is operating well, then your total health remains fine. This is just what bay laurel essential oil does. It will keep the stomach functioning fine and maintains it in excellent health, keeping it protected from infections, ulcers, and acidity.
12. Febrifuge
Since particular components of Bay Oil can handle fighting infections that create cough, cold, and fever, this particular oil helps in reducing fevers. Its sudorific property also plays a role in this, since perspiration helps reduce body's temperature.
13. Insecticide
Being lethal for insects and lower animals is an additional advantageous property of the oil, which will help drive away insects. As a result, you can use it in fumigants, sprays, vaporizers, as well as in several other methods to ward off insects.
14. Sedative
This oil sedates nervous afflictions as well as disturbances and helps offer rest from conditions just like epilepsy, hysteria, convulsions, anxiety, stress, depression, anger etc.
15. Stomachic
The stomach is definitely the root to health and is definitely the root to all health issues too. Any malfunctioning by the stomach leads to an ailment. As long as it really is functioning well, then this total health remains fine. This is just what Bay Oil does. It will keep the stomach functioning fine and maintains it in excellent health, keeping it safe from infections, ulcers, as well as acidity.
16. Sudorific
Bay Essential Oil encourages perspiration as well as facilitates the removing of toxins, excessive salt, water, and fat through the body through sweat. This will make the body lighter as well as safeguards it from ailments caused because of the accumulation of toxins, salt, as well as water within the body. Perspiration also lowers body's temperature with regards to fever.
17. Tonic
This property of Essential Oil of Bay is effective for the entire body. It increases the metabolic functions like decomposition of food and also the absorption of nutrients by toning up the liver, stomach, as well as intestines, assisting you grow stronger and healthier. Additionally, it manages proper excretion, manages the endocrinal secretions of hormones and enzymes, and in addition tones up the central nervous system, therefore making you more alert and also active. Finally, it enhances the defense mechanisms, therefore protecting you against infections.
18. Other Benefits
The Essential Oil of Bay is equally great at symptoms just like rheumatism, neuralgia, muscular pain, circulation problems, cold, flu, dental infection, diarrhea, skin infections as well as promoting hair growth, and general health of the scalp.
How to Make Bay Oil
Bay essential oil is received once you steam-distill the fresh leaves of the bay tree. The leaves are collected from a tree aged at least 5 year old. Salt or seawater is often included in the still. About 0.5 -1.5 percent of the weight by volume could be extracted into Bay Oil.
Side Effects of Bay Oil
Even though bay oil works just as one germ killing as well as decongestant for respiratory ailments, the oil's eugenol content can bother mucous membranes and skin. It ought to be utilized sparingly or upon the recommendation of the physician or even professional aromatherapist.
The chemical's presence additionally implies that the oil might be hepatoxic and may even stop blood clotting. It shouldn't be utilised by individuals struggling with kidney and liver diseases and cancer, or those utilizing anticoagulants. It really is strictly advised not to use the oil onto sensitive or damaged skin, as it might result in further harm.
Pregnant or even nursing women should avoid using bay oil even after its dilution to avoid any sensitizations. Children and infants ought to be kept faraway from bay oil because of their delicate nature.


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"You can if you can get it to go through the item you are using. Some things are hard for the drill sothat is why the electric one is better. I love making my own things to because you can make them as unique as you want them and no one else will have the same thing. I see so many wonderful things in thrift stores, yard sales or flea markets that I like but do know what to do with and now I do and you are right it is so cost effective and cute."
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Tiny Painted Teacups and Saucers
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Tiny Painted Teacups and Saucers are adorable. Paint them with some cozy designs by Suzie Shineski for I Love to Create to keep your home looking fresh and comfortable. Little phrases painted on the side bring cheer to anyone that steps foot in your home, but this project is also a great DIY gift idea. You can use any plain teacups in your house or go out and buy some miniature ones for this DIY kitchen craft.
- Duncan Concepts Underglazes for Bisque C1 CN 507 Neon Red
- Duncan Concepts Underglazes for Bisque C1 CN 504 Neon Orange
- Duncan Concepts Underglazes for Bisque C1 CN 501 Neon Yellow
- Duncan Concepts Underglazes for Bisque C1 CN 253 Dark Black
- New Bisque Designs C1 Flower Peek-A-Boo Mug 5.25 x 3.75 x 3.25
- Duncan®Concepts Underglazes for Bisque C1 CN 151 Light Blue Spruce
- Dinnerware Bisque Designs C1 Teacup & Saucer
- Signature Brushes C1 SB 802 No. 1 Liner
- Signature Brushes C1 SB 803 No. 4 Liner
- Signature Brushes C1 SB 807 No. 6 Fan Glaze
- Duncan® Pure Brilliance® Clear Glaze
- Potter's sponge
- Pencil
- Paper cup
- Foil or foam plate for palette
- Container for water
- Clay carbon paper
Wipe ware with damp sponge to remove bisque dust.
Pour some Pure Brilliance into a paper cup and thin with water to a heavy cream consistency. Pour into mugs and roll around to coat entire insides. Pour out any remaining glaze back into paper cup and wipe away any drips with a damp sponge. Let dry.
Use the Fan Glaze to apply three flowing coats of Neon Orange onto one of the saucers and three coats of Light Blue Spruce onto the other. Let dry completely.
Use pencil to divide mug handles into four sections, then apply three coats of Neon Yellow, Neon Orange, Neon Red and Light Blue Spruce to sections of handles. Refer to photo for placement.
If desired, use pencil to lightly sketch "NO PLACE LIKE" and an outline of a house on front of mugs. Or, place clay carbon paper on front of mugs with pattern on top and trace over design to transfer onto front of mugs.
Use the No. 1 Liner to apply two coats of Black to lettering.
Apply three coats of Neon Orange to the house on one of the mugs and Light Blue Spruce on the other. Let dry completely.
Use sponge to dab one coat of Pure Brilliance onto mugs; let dry and use the Fan Glaze brush to apply a second coat. Use the Fan Glaze to brush two coats of Pure Brilliance onto saucers. Let dry completely.
- Stilt and fire to cone 06.
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Nephros Reports 2008 First Quarter Financial Results
"The first quarter of 2008 marked another milestone for Nephros on thepath toward U.S. approval of the Nephros HDF treatment for end-stage renaldisease," commented Norman J. Barta, Chairman and CEO of Nephros. "In thefirst quarter, Nephros completed enrollment in the Company's pivotal U.S.clinical trial for the OLpur(TM) H2H(TM) Hemodiafiltration Module andOLpur(TM) MD 220 Hemodiafilter. More recently, Nephros solidified itsmanagement team with the addition of two new executives as we strive to growand expand our water filter sales and European hemodiafilter sales whilepreparing for the anticipated U.S. launch of the Company's HDF therapysystem."
Financial Performance for the First Quarter Ended March 31, 2008.
For the quarter ended March 31, 2008, Nephros reported product revenues of$387,000, attributable to sales of its OLpur(TM) MD190 and MD220 products inEurope, compared with $296,000 in the corresponding period of 2007, anincrease of 31%. The Company's net loss was $1,640,000 or $.04 per basic anddiluted common share for the first quarter of 2008 versus a net loss of$1,517,000 or $.13 per basic and diluted common share in the first quarter of2007. The substantial change in the per share loss is primarily due to therebeing 38,165,380 weighted average common shares outstanding basic and dilutedduring the 2008 period as compared to 12,317,992 during the 2007 period.
As of March 31, 2008, Nephros had cash and cash equivalents in the amountof $2,505,000. In addition, Nephros had $4,286,000 invested in auction ratesecurities, which are classified as non-current investments at March 31, 2008.
ESRD Clinical Trial Update
In the first quarter of 2008, Nephros completed enrollment in theCompany's pivotal U.S. clinical trial for the OLpur(TM) H2H(TM)Hemodiafiltration Module and OLpur(TM) MD 220 Hemodiafilter products for thetreatment of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Nephrosanticipates that all enrolled patients will have completed the study protocolby June 1, 2008.
"In the second half of 2008, we plan to seek FDA approval to market ourleading-edge products here in the U.S.," said Mr. Barta. Nephros believesthat, if approved in 2008, its mid-dilution HDF technology would be the firstapproved online HDF therapy in the United States.
Water Ultrafiltration Products
Nephros is finalizing improvements to the functionality and ergonomics ofits water ultrafiltration products and has applied for stringent water filterperformance certifications from NSF International, an independent non-profitproduct evaluation laboratory. NSF has completed its initial stage of testing,and Nephros anticipates final completion of required NSF testing during thesecond quarter of 2008.
Nephros expects to continue its military product development with supportfrom its existing cost contract with the Office of Naval Research and othercontracts that may arise out of the U.S. Department of Defense appropriationsthat have been made for such purpose.
About Nephros, Inc.
Nephros, Inc., headquartered in New York, is a medical device companydeveloping and marketing filtration products.
The Nephros HDF system is designed to improve the quality of life for theEnd-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patient while addressing the critical financialand clinical needs of the care provider. ESRD is a disease state characterizedby the irreversible loss of kidney function. The Nephros HDF system removes arange of harmful substances more effectively, and with greater capacity, thanexisting ESRD treatment methods, particularly with respect to substances knowncollectively as "middle molecules." These molecules have been found tocontribute to such conditions as dialysis-related
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Zero Hotel has been beautifully restored into a stylish boutique hotel with wide spaces & high ceilings. This chic retreat is perfectly located and is walking distance from the most of the best restaurants in Valparaiso, Chile.
Chic Retreats ™ © 2002 - 2017 is a registered trade mark of Chic Lifestyle Ltd.


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Which Joe gave his name to 'sloppy joes'? We look at five interesting sandwiches and their lexical origins.
Synonyms of interrogate in English:
See definition of interrogate
1'the police wished to interrogate her'
question, put questions to, cross-question, cross-examine, quiz, probe, catechize, sound out
interview, examine, debrief
informal pump, grill, give someone the third degree, put someone through the third degree, put the screws on, put someone through the wringer, worm something out of someone
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Hotels in Kleinmond
Hotel reservation
South Africa
Hotel rooms in Kleinmond
There are not so many hotel rooms in Kleinmond, just 18, still everyone can find an offer to suit his choice. The most common offers in this city are guest houses, they count 13 out of 18, and their prevalent location is central district. According to our practice, it is the most profitable to book a hotel in the north of Kleinmond, as it is the location of the hotels with optimal cost and quality offers along with the cheap hotels. Taking into account the small size of the city, there is no need to dwell hotel reservation on the location: the road to the city center would take less then half an hour, so one can book a hotel in any district of Kleinmond. The most populated with hotels district of Kleinmond is the south, 70% of cheap hotel rooms are concentrated here. However, even those who want to live in the center can choose from 3 variants of hotel rooms. Kleinmond is a truly multifaceted city, here everyone can find a hotel of his choice: a business person, a young couple or a family with little children. The view to garden, mountain, sea and pool from the hotel room can serve as a pleasant addition to the journey. Apart from all these, hotels in Kleinmond offer their customers laundry service, pets allowed, spa and gym. Take a look at our selection of the cheap hotel rooms in Kleinmond to make a well-informed choice for your reservation!
Kleinmond cheap hotels
Guest Houses
All cheap hotels in Kleinmond
Best hotels in Kleinmond
Hotels in Kleinmond are spread around the city within the distance of 9.3 kilometers, while 3 hotels are located directly in the city center. The most popular accommodations in Kleinmond is
Kleinmond Panorama Apartments
located in a 0.1 kilometers from the city center.
The best hotels are here and now. Try them!
All cities in South Africa


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The charcoal canister -- technically called the EVAP canister -- is part of the vehicle's evaporative emission control system. It works with the natural vacuum leak detection (NVLD) pump to store gas vapours and keep them out of the atmosphere. This canister should last as long as the vehicle, but you may need to remove it to work on other components like the fuel tank. On the Jeep Grand Cherokee, it is mounted to the vehicle with multiple brackets and connected through hoses. This procedure may vary depending on the vehicle's exact year.
- Skill level:
- Moderately Challenging
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Things you need
- Floor jack
- Jack stands
- Screwdriver
Show MoreHide
- 1
Raise the vehicle's rear end using a floor jack and support it on jack stands. The charcoal canister is directly in front of the fuel tank, which is on the side of the vehicle with the filler door, and the hoses/wiring are connected on the canister's left side.
- 2
Squeeze the inner edges on the release tabs to the EVAP hose's light-coloured connector to release their locking teeth from the canister pipe's raised ridge. Pull the connector off the pipe to disconnect the hose.
- 3
Push the sliding lock on the NVLD pump's electrical connector away from the pump and toward the wiring harness to move it to the release position. Press the release tab near the lock and pull the connector off to disconnect the electrical connector.
- 4
Disconnect the filter hose from the NVLD pump, which is on the opposite side of the electrical connector.
- 5
Press the locking tabs at the canister's right-side mounting brackets with a screwdriver to disengage the canister from the brackets.
- 6
Swing the canister's right end out and away from the vehicle and disengage the mounting slot from the tab at the left mounting bracket to remove the canister.
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Refine your search
Search availability for Box House and book online
The Old Crab Shop,
1 Cross Street,
The Street,
This charming detached property is in the small village of Bodham, close to the North Norfolk Coast . Box House is spacious and tastefully furnished, with a large kitchen dining room that has French doors opening into the large enclosed garden. The sitting room is comfortable with a wood burner for cooler days. On the first floor there are three bedrooms and a super bathroom with a bath and seperate shower. This is great property for a holiday whatever the season
Size: Sleeps up to 6, 3 bedrooms
• Nearest amenities: Within walking distance
• Access: Driveway parking for 3 vehicles
• Family Friendly: yes
• Pets: pets are not accepted at this property
• Smoking: Not allowed at this property
• Luxuries: 37" SMART TV, Blu Ray player, WiFi
• General: Oil fired central heating. Wood burner
• Standard: Kettle, toaster, iron
• Utilities: Electric cooker, microwave, fridge, freezer, dishwasher, washer/dryer
• Rooms: 3 Bedrooms, 1 Bathroom, Sitting Room, Kitchen/Dining Room
• Beds: 1 king size, 1 double, 1 twin
• Other: Books & games, radio, hairdryer
• Outdoors: Fully enclosed garden with lawn, patio, table and chairs
• Mobile signal: variable
- Children welcome
- Private parking
- Garden
- Central heating
- Freezer
- Dishwasher
- Linen provided
- WiFi or internet access
- High chairs available
- Real log/coal fires
- Barbecue
- Drying facilities
- Washing machine


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By (author) Joan Richards Wright
Illustrated by Nancy Winslow Parker
Format: Paperback / softback
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Availability: Available, ships in 8-11 days
Bugs by Joan Richards Wright
Book Description"What slippery bug made Doug say 'ugh'? A slug." Slugs, spiders, centipedes and other creepy creatures can be found in this delightful encyclopedia of insects for young readers. Combining funny rhymes, scientific drawings and solid facts, "BUGS" is a pleasant introduction to 16 familiar insects.
Buy Bugs book by Joan Richards Wright from Australia's Online Bookstore, Boomerang Books.
Book DetailsISBN: 9780688082963
(255mm x 202mm x 3mm)
Imprint: Greenwillow Books
Publisher: Greenwillow Books
Publish Date: 15-Sep-1988
Country of Publication: United States
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Hotfrog Ireland provides information regarding The Baileys in Dublin. The Baileys is located at Naas Road, Dublin 12 and provides Songs services. Contact them on 98104 3191.
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Over many years of representing people, Jeff McAdams has noticed some important ideas and principles that arise continually in litigation and life. They've helped Jeff win cases, and clients have a better future. Perhaps you too will find these 21 concepts valuable.
To find out more about how Jeff McAdams can help with your legal concerns, call 212-406-5145.
El Habla Español.
Click here to see Success Stories and results Jeff McAdams, Esq. has obtained for clients.
McAdams Law
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The information you obtain at this site is not, nor is it intended to be, legal advice. You should consult an attorney for individual advice regarding your own situation.
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Who can forget My Big Fat Greek Wedding? It was the tale of Greek American Toula with a very bossy family – some would call it plain intrusive and put their foot firmly down but that doesn't make good TV, does it? – who want her to marry a nice boy. Instead Nia chooses Ian, played by John Corbett, who is indeed a very nice boy, he's just not Greek. Still, a film like this deserves a suitably happy ending and that time honoured tradition of a makeover, so they get the fairytale and she gets this enormous frothy frock which, according to Wikipedia, and quite rightly, was called 'the snow beast'. The biggest fairytale however was behind the scenes. The movie cost just US$5 million to make but grossed US$368 million worldwide.
Related: Brides on Film #4: The One with Phoebe's Wedding I Brides on Film #3: Cristina Yang in Grey's Anatomy I Iconic Brides


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As an award winning blog, Anfield HQ is always trying to expand to ensure that we offer Liverpool fans with a vast array of opinions and views on all matters associated with the club. As a result, we are always on the lookout for new and upcoming writers of all ages and welcome any content produced. If you are interested and believe you would suit a role on our team then make sure you contact us via email with any material you have produced:
If you have any other queries or want to get in touch with us, please let us know by using the form below.
We look forward to hearing from you soon.


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As USB device driver engineers we know how problematic it is to find and reduce the number of bugs or defects during the software development process. It is a complicated and tedious task that takes a lot of time to analyze thousands of packets and megabytes of binary information to detect and eliminate errors.
To save time and to make any debugging process easy and fast we developed an effective USB traffic analyzer for Windows. USB Monitor Pro lets you monitor incoming and outgoing data of any USB device on your computer. It gives you a possibility to decode, filter, detect errors in the USB data stream without any additional expensive hardware.
USB Monitor Pro was created based on extensive experience in USB device driver development. Simply install the program on your computer, choose an USB device and start monitoring.
Any critical information will not pass by USB Monitor Pro. INTERNAL_IOCTLs, URB packets and IRP packets of PnP and Power Management subsystems will be captured and displayed immediately. The process of data monitoring is performed in both directions from and to the device you monitor.
The captured data is displayed in an arranged format which makes it easy to perceive, understand and search the information you need.
All the data are shown in chronological order. Click on a packet to get detailed information of URB and INTERNAL_IOCTL packets whenever you want.
USB Monitor Pro is always ready to work. If it is configured, the program will wait for a device to be plugged in to start monitoring. At the moment you plug a USB device into your computer the program starts data gathering automatically.
You don't have to choose between two different processes like analyzing information and monitoring a USB device. Thanks to this feature you can scrutinize the needed data while monitoring a USB device. Beyond that, you can easily monitor several USB devices simultaneously.
With USB Monitor Pro you don't have to buy any expensive hardware USB analyzers to monitor your USB devices. The program works without any additional hardware, it is 100% software solution. Just plug any USB device into a USB port and start data gathering.
USB Monitor Pro enables quick and easy searching for captured data of the USB device you need. You can search data by inner content of a URB packet.
Built-in filter lets you quickly find packets you need. The filtering mechanism allows dynamic displaying of required data and automatic hiding of unnecessary packets.
USB Monitor Pro is used for error detection, monitoring, decoding, optimizing all types of data. With USB Monitor Pro you can monitor all types of URBs, IRP's of PnP and Power Management subsystems.
Captured data can be saved to a file. You can open this file with USB Monitor Pro any time and scrutinize the information. Saved data will be displayed as if they were just captured.
If you need to monitor several USB devices at a time, you can easily do it. It makes no problem at all! USB Monitor Pro allows monitoring of multiple USB devices simultaneously.
The software supplies you with the feature to emulate the restart of a USB device without unplugging when you need it. So with USB Monitor you don't have to physically unplug the USB device every time you need to reinitialize it.
With USB Monitor Pro you can gather the information you need and see it in an organized and convenient format. USB Monitor Pro allows you to gather the following types of data:
You don't have to search for corresponding outgoing and incoming packets manually. Just press the appropriate hotkey and the program will switch you to IN/OUT corresponding packets automatically.
"I love it awesome I am a student little broke 5 more months till BS. Thanks for letting me use it great learning tool."
Jim Clapp
News15 February 2017
After a number of internal versions and a lot of testing efforts Webcam for Remote Desktop 2.7.10 finally available! This release brings revised and polished tray GUI, support of new video resolutions and improved behaviour of webcam auto-selecting feature. Under the hood: a lot of issues have been fixed, program modules location has been ordered, new licesing options have been added.6 January 2017
USB over Network 5.2 for Windows and Linux has been released with a lot of new features and changes!
New features have been added: the possibility to use SSL in callback connections, devices can be connected by its VID/PID using the command-line utility. Sharing Rule Manager has been improved also: now it is possible to assign a nickname to a device and change its serial number.
Overall stability and performance have been improved for high load situations with extremely large number of Servers or Clients or devices. Compatibility with some USB devices has been enhanced as well.5 December 2016
USB for Remote Desktop 5.2 has been released for Windows and Linux. Tray UI has been revised and furbished up. Command line interface has been greatly improved, there is a possibility to administrate Device Policies using command line now. Compatibility with some USB devices has been enhanced. A lots of small bugs have been fixed in this release as well.8 November 2016
Biometrics for Remote Desktop 1.3 has been released. It's the first public release of new redirection software which allows to use biometric and fingerprint scanners in remote desktop session.
Feature RequestShare your


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|Message view
|« Date » · « Thread »
|« Date » · « Thread »
|Aleksandar Ivanisevic <aleksan...@ivanisevic.de>
|Re: Slow throughput after several hundred messages
|Tue, 14 Dec 2010 10:01:45 GMT
Gary Tully <email@example.com> writes: > Non persistent messages can be sent to a durable sub, but the durable > sub will only get the messages if it connected, a backlog will not be > retained as the messages will not be stored > It will behave like a regular topic subscription in this regard. Thanks, thats what I figured too. Is it possible to configure AMQ to have persistance store only in memory? Or do I have to wrangle tmpfs? [...]
|View raw message


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Two old radiators transformed into a design chair...but do you think it is very comfortable?!?
More info: stylenorth.ca
Stourley Kracklite says
Makes you want to curl up with a good book (on medieval torture).
cool idea, but is it comfortable?
Who said design seats have to be comfortable ??? Most of the time they're only made to be shown, not to sit on !
Melanie Allard via Facebook says
talk about heated seats..
Fritz Meier says
Cool craftman´s idea but as useless as another design-furnishing. Kids listen up: This is what happens when you can´t deal with alcokol and/or drugs.
Wes Tomchuk says
The HOT seat.
Creative Ideas based on Repurposed, Recycled, Reused, Reclaimed, Upcycled and Restored Things! Do not hesitate to contribute by sending us your idea/work or discovery!
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text:
PreSchool Registration Info Session will be March 1st, 2017; ECC, 11 Memorial Drive, at 10am-11am or 6pm-7pm.".
*NEW* Student Registration Click here for the registration portal
Neptune Township School District Home Page
I invite you to follow us on Twitter: @NeptuneSchools to learn about school closings, important events, and the good work that goes on in the Neptune Township School District. If you are on Instagram, you can also follow us there using the same handle, "NeptuneSchools".
Let us know how we're doing by emailing the Superintendent at email@example.com.
10:00 AM - 11:00 AM PreSchool Registration Info Session 2017 - 2018 @ ECC
6:00 PM - 7:00 PM PreSchool Registration Info Session 2017 - 2018 @ ECC


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Top News
U.S. SC arguments in consolidated cases over arbitration agreements to be set for 2017 term
Attorney: U.S. SC review of arbitration agreements to impact businesses
Attorney: Trump U.S. SC pick likely more pro-employer
Attorneys fees added when factoring maximum punitive damages in California case
Spokeo decision leads to dismissal of Lyft class action
SAN FRANCISCO (Legal Newsline) – Though a district judge used a U.S. Supreme Court decision issued last spring to dismiss a Lyft driver's proposed class action over alleged Fair Credit Reporting Act violations, that high court ruling hasn't killed all such putative actions, a Tampa, Florida-based attorney says.
WLF pushing case relating to recess appointment of CFPB director
Arizona leads coalition urging Supreme Court to protect consumers in class action settlements
Comments sought on proposed changes to federal class action rule
Eleventh Circuit confirms U.S SC's Spokeo ruling on standing, concrete harm
Time Warner benefiting from Spokeo decision in Wis. federal court
Delaware case of missing money heads to Supreme Court
Attorney: U.S. SC ruling on 'pick off' defense doesn't change much for TCPA class actions
Spokeo impact remains to be seen as lawsuits over N.J. law advance
Plaintiffs attorney: U.S. SC decision won't stop companies from finding ways to head off class actions
Sixth Circuit sides with plaintiffs in data breach class actions, says it would be 'unreasonable' for customers to wait for misuse
Mohammad Galaria and Anthony Hancox brought their class actions, in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Ohio and U.S. District Court for the District of Kansas, respectively, after hackers breached Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company's computer network in October 2012 and stole their personal information, along with more than 1 million others.
Eighth Circuit cites Spokeo ruling in dismissing class action against cable company
A three-judge panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit this month affirmed a federal district court's ruling, holding that the plaintiff's allegation was, on its own, insufficient to establish Article III standing. Pointing to the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in Spokeo v. Robins, the panel said the plaintiff, a former Charter Communications customer, did not allege an injury in fact as required by Article III.


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Watch The Animal Kingdom (1932) Free Online
The Animal Kingdom
IMDB Link:
Rating: 6.6/10 (622 votes)
Director: Edward H. GriffithGeorge Cukor
Writer: Horace Jackson (screenplay), Philip Barry (play)
Stars: Ann Harding, Leslie Howard, Myrna Loy, William Gargan
FULL CAST: The Animal Kingdom (1932) - Full Cast and Crew
Runtime: 85 min
Rated: APPROVED
Type: movie
Year: 1932
Genre: Comedy, Drama
Quality: HD
Language: English
Released: 28 Dec 1932
|Storyline: Tom Collier has had a great relationship with Daisy, but when he decides to marry, it is not Daisy whom he asks, it is Cecelia. After the marriage, Tom is bored with the social scene and the obligations of his life. He publishes books that will sell, not books that he wants to write. Even worse, he has his old friend working as a butler and Cecelia wants him fired. When Tom tries to get back together with Daisy to renew the feelings that he once felt, Daisy turns the tables on him and leaves to protect both of them.
Watch The Animal Kingdom (1932) - Alternative Servers
|Version 2
|Version 3


text:
Watch Last Days Here Movie Online
Published 02 23, 2015
Year : 2011
Release date : false
Country: USA
Genres: Documentary, Music,
Director : Don Argott, Demian Fenton,
Stars: Phil Anselmo, Bobby Liebling, Sean Pelletier,
Time: 91 min.
Quality: DVDRip/BDRip
Keywords: Watch Last Days Here Movie Online
Last Days Here Movie Online
Last Days Here follows Bobby Liebling, lead singer of Pentagram, an Alexandria, Virginia-based heavy metal group founded in 1971 and active sporadically throughout the following four decades. At the films outset, Liebling is in his 50s, living in his parents basement, and addicted to drugs. After Pentagrams music is rediscovered by the heavy metal underground scene, Liebling begins to recover from his lifestyle. His friend and manager Sean Pellet Pelletier attempts to help Liebling overcome his drug addiction and escape his old life. The film ends in 2010 with Liebling and Pentagram returning to the stage and Liebling sober, married and his new wife expecting their first child.


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I will design a COOL logo for you(1)
About This Gig
Frequently Asked Questions
Are these logos unique?I guarantee you that all these logos are designed by me.( can provide proof)
Is there any guarantee?I personally guarantee you that you will be refunded if you are not satisfied with our service. *Conditions apply.
If i want the job done fast, can the time frame be arranged?Of course the time frame can be arranged as per your need. *Conditions Apply


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Apr 10, 2001
|Filing date
|Oct 31, 1997
|Priority date
|Oct 31, 1997
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Gregory S. Heady, Anne C. Heady
|Original Assignee
|Lacerta Enterprises, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (33), Referenced by (6), Classifications (11), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is related to other patent applications by Heady, et al. entitled "METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DISSIPATING HEAT FROM AN ELECTRONIC DISPLAY", Ser. No. 08/960,525, filed Oct. 31, 1997, and "METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR A TRANSPARENT NETWORK GUEST CONTROLLER", Ser. No. 08/992,372, filed Dec. 17, 1997, and each is incorporated herein by reference.
1. Technical Field
This invention relates to the field of equipment housings for outdoor communication structures. More specifically the invention relates to an apparatus for protecting equipment in a walk-up or drive-in ordering apparatus.
2. Background Art
One of the services that modern businesses offer with increasing frequency is the ability to transact business while remaining in an automobile or at a walk-up structure. Consumers find such services appealing because of the convenience and efficiency with which they can complete tasks such as purchasing goods, arranging for services, conducting bank transactions, and paying bills. Drive-in or walk-up ordering is commonly associated with fast-food restaurants and dry-cleaning businesses. However, these transactions may also occur at banks or other establishments where feasible.
The outdoor communication structures currently used by walk-up or drive-in businesses also have certain disadvantages. Because such structures are generally placed in an outdoor location and require some sort of communication link with a person or computer, exposure to adverse weather conditions, communication quality, and vandalism are often significant concerns. Very little, if any, patented technology exists for solving these problems with outdoor communication structures. However, a few patents exist that relate generally to the types of equipment often found in such structures. Some of these references include U.S. Pat. No. 4,002,831 issued to Aeschliman, U.S. Pat. No. 4,447,856 issued to Takahashi et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,836,625 issued to Catta, U.S. Pat. No. 4,985,803 issued to Pum et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,243,493 issued to Jeng et al., and U.S. Pat. No. 5,529,120 issued to Howard et al. The teachings of the indicated references do not adequately overcome the problems associated with outdoor communication structures and, more specifically, drive-in ordering apparatus which comprise one subgroup of outdoor communication structures.
A common concern with outdoor communication structures is their exposure to adverse weather conditions. Drive-in ordering apparatus are often positioned remotely with respect to the main business building and cannot receive the benefits of climate control and other protection from heat, wind, dust, and moisture. Remote positioning of a drive-in apparatus is a characteristic choice, for example, with fast-food restaurants where a driveway provides a controlled route for automobiles to approach an ordering apparatus. After placing an order, customers then proceed to a window at the main business building where they pay for and pick up their order. Remote positioning has the advantage of allowing restaurants to improve efficiency by preparing a customer's order while they wait in a line of automobiles to pay for and pick up their order. Other outdoor communication structures may be embedded within an outside facing wall of a building and may or may not be able to receive the benefits of climate control from the building. Even if climate control is possible, the equipment housed in the outdoor communication structure is still potentially exposed to adverse weather conditions.
Among the weather conditions listed above, heat, wind, and dust are particularly troublesome because few conventional equipment housings provide effective protection, particularly in arid or semi-arid climates. A common solution to equipment overheating inside a housing is to provide a fan along with intake and exhaust vents. This arrangement will probably cool the equipment, but at the cost of increased interference with communication, electricity usage, maintenance of fans, and intake of dust. Ordering apparatus typically have an intercom system with a microphone and speaker that allows customers and business personnel to communicate with each other. Accordingly, the vibration from a fan is transmitted to the intercom microphone and, thus, decreases the coherence of communication to and from the customer. Such interference is in addition to the already troublesome vibration from automobiles, pattering from rain, hissing from wind, and other sources. Also, because a fan continuously intakes and exhausts air, any dust or moisture in the air will be drawn into the housing where it can interfere with equipment such as speakers and/or microphones, fans, lights, and possibly electronic displays.
Another common concern associated with outdoor communication structures is vandalism. While typical equipment inside a structure, such as an intercom and internal reader-board lighting, is not particularly valuable, breaking into or damaging an outdoor communication structure is nevertheless a significant problem. Vandalized property requires repair or replacement for a business to avoid appearing shabby or run-down. Also, vandalism is often repeated and, with repetition, can become very costly even for damage to a inexpensive structure. Vandalism is an increasingly serious problem as more businesses begin to install relatively valuable equipment, such as liquid crystal displays, electro-luminescent displays, light-emitting diode displays, and field emission displays. In addition, down time associated with vandalism can reduce profits and lead to customer dissatisfaction.
Thus, it can be seen from the above discussion that it would be an improvement in the art to provide outdoor communication structures having a housing that protects equipment from heat, dust, vibration, and vandalism. Unless better protection is provided, businesses will continue to lose profits from equipment malfunctions that require costly repair and turn away inconvenienced customers.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus is provided for protecting equipment in an outdoor communication structure from adverse weather conditions, vibration, and vandalism. The equipment used for the outdoor communication structure is installed within a housing that possesses hidden lip door edges and is assembled such that no screws, nuts, hinges, etc. are left exposed. Such a construction discourages vandalism since there are no crevices or edges large enough to insert a typical prying bar and no screws, nuts, or hinges to remove. Also according to a preferred embodiment, the speakers and microphones are largely isolated from potential vibration by surrounding them with vibration dampeners such as foam or other padding or insulation. Any vibration of the housing that might effect the speakers and microphones will then be reduced.
Heat, dust intake, vibration, and electricity usage are reduced by providing convection venting. According to a preferred embodiment, the internal cavity of the housing narrows at a top region of the housing. Vents in the top region of the housing allow air from a narrowed portion of the internal cavity to escape as it heats and expands. As hot air is displaced from the narrowed portion, cooler ambient air is drawn into the internal cavity through bottom vents in a bottom region of the housing. By placing convection vents on the side of the housing rather than the top, rain entry into the enclosure is prevented. Also, placing side vents at both the top and bottom of the housing creates a Venturi effect when wind blows across the top vents, drawing additional ambient air into the internal cavity through bottom the vents.
With increased use of electronic displays in outdoor communication structures, even a small amount of dust on the display screen can reduce image clarity. Accordingly, a preferred embodiment provides a display adjustment mechanism with adjustable support members for tilting a shelf and pressing the display screen firmly against the front panel of the housing to seal it off from dust or moisture accumulation.
In summary, the apparatus protects equipment in an outdoor communication structure from vandalism with hidden lip door edges and the absence of exposed screws, nuts, hinges, etc. Also, speakers and/or microphones are isolated from vibration with vibration dampeners. Further, heat, dust intake, vibration, and electricity usage are reduced because the internal cavity is cooled by convection venting. And finally, dust accumulation on an electronic display screen is prevented by a display mechanism with adjustable support members.
The foregoing and other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following more particular description of preferred embodiments of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will hereinafter be described in conjunction with the appended drawings, where like designations denote like elements, and:
FIG. 1 is a front view of a drive-in ordering apparatus in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front view of an air flow pattern through the apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the top region of the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 taken along line 4—4;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the electronic display unit and display adjustment mechanism of the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 taken along line 5—5;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the electronic display unit and display adjustment mechanism of the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 5 taken along line 6—6;
FIG. 7 is a side view of an adjustable support member according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a rear view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the electronic display unit; and
FIG. 10 is a flow diagram of a method for sizing the electronic display unit to maximize heat transfer according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus is provided for protecting equipment in an outdoor communication structure from adverse weather conditions, vibration, and vandalism. Outdoor communication structures include, for example, automated teller machines, walk-up ordering apparatus, and, more particularly, drive-in ordering apparatus. A typical outdoor communication structure includes a housing with equipment such as speakers and/or microphones, fans, lights, and electronic displays. In a preferred embodiment, hidden lip door edges and an absence of exposed screws, nuts, hinges, etc. discourage vandalism since there are no obvious points of access into the housing. Also, the speakers and microphones are largely isolated from potential vibration by surrounding them with vibration dampeners such as foam, other padding, or insulation. Additionally, heat, dust intake, vibration, and electricity usage are reduced by providing convection venting. That is, by providing an internal cavity of the housing that narrows at a top region of the housing with vents in the top region and bottom region of the housing. Air from the narrowed internal cavity escapes through top vents as it heats and expands, allowing cooler ambient air to enter the internal cavity through bottom vents. A Venturi effect also occurs when wind blows across the top vents, drawing additional ambient air into the internal cavity through the bottom vents. Further, dust accumulation on an electronic display screen is reduced by providing a display adjustment mechanism with adjustable support members for tilting a shelf and sealing the display screen firmly against the front panel of the housing.
Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2, a housing 100 for an outdoor communication structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes top vents 110, bottom vents 120, a vibration dampener 130, a display adjustment mechanism 140, and an access door 150. The outer dimensions and shape of housing 100 may vary widely depending on the particular use for the outdoor communication structure of which it forms a part. For example, the dimensions and shape of a drive-in ordering apparatus may vary between different restaurants. Likewise, the dimensions and shape of a drive-in ordering apparatus at a restaurant may differ from a drive-in apparatus at a bank, even though the functions of the drive-in ordering apparatus are similar. FIGS. 1 and 2 depict one embodiment having dimensions and a shape typical for a drive-in ordering apparatus at a fast-food restaurant. Namely, a rectangular shape wherein the width is approximately one-third the height and the depth is approximately one-half the width. A common height for housing 100 is approximately 1.2 m (4 feet).
Also referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the inner shape and dimensions of housing 100 vary somewhat depending on the particular use for the outdoor communication structure. For the most part, the inner shape and dimensions of a preferred embodiment reflect the outer shape and dimensions, since housing 100 will generally be of single-wall construction. It is conceivable that housing 100 could have an outer shape or dimension very different from its inner shape or dimension. For example, in a double-wall construction, housing 100 could have both an inner and an outer shell where the outer shell served a primarily decorative purpose. The outer shell would have a shape and dimension largely independent of the inner shell's shape and dimension, while the inner shell served a primarily functional purpose. Housing 100 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a single-wall construction, accordingly there is no inner shell and the inner shape and dimensions are largely similar to the outer shape and dimensions.
However, in a preferred embodiment as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the inner shape differs in one significant way from the outer shape. Even though housing 100 is single-walled, a preferred embodiment of housing 100 includes vibration dampener 130 inside housing 100, altering the inner shape and dimension. Accordingly, the internal cavity of housing 100 narrows at a top region of housing 100 where vibration dampener 130 forms the border for a narrowed portion 160. It is this inner shape of housing 100 that provides the novel benefit of convection venting. Vents 110, located in the top region of housing 100 and in proximity to narrowed portion 160, allow air from narrowed portion 160 of the internal cavity to escape as it heats and expands. As hot air is displaced from narrowed portion 160, cooler ambient air is drawn into the internal cavity of housing 100 through bottom vents 120.
In FIG. 3, a diagram of an air flow pattern through housing 100 is displayed. The flow of cool air through bottom vents 120, up through the internal cavity, and out top vents 110 can be referred to as convection venting. In general, convection is said to be motion within a fluid due to density differences. For example, within a single body of air, if only a portion of the air is heated, then that portion will become less dense than the surrounding air. The less dense portion of air will tend to rise, causing air movement within the single body of air solely as a result of the density difference. Accordingly, when a portion of air in housing 100 is heated, it will tend to rise and exit top vents 110 as air flows in bottom vents 120 to replace the exiting air. As the sun heats the outer shell of housing 100, heat energy is transferred primarily through conduction and radiation to the surface of vibration dampener 130 that forms a border of narrowed portion 160. Consequently, all the surfaces forming the borders of narrowed portion 160 will heat the air within narrow portion 160 causing it to expand and exit through top vents 110. The actual air flow pattern exhibited by a particular housing 100 may vary depending on the inner shape and dimension of housing 100 and the equipment placed inside housing 100 that could form obstructions. For example, in housing 100 shown in FIG. 3, it might be necessary to size display adjustment mechanism 140 such that air could flow around it or to provide holes in mechanism 140 such that air could pass through it.
In convection venting according to a preferred embodiment, air flow would generally occur from the bottom region of housing 100 to the top region. However, depending on the inner shape and dimension of housing 100, eddies 300 may exist, providing additional pathways for movement of air through housing 100. Because a preferred embodiment provides convection venting, hot air in housing 100 is replaced with cooler ambient air. Additionally, because no cooling fans are needed, the power requirements of the outdoor communication structure are reduced. In conventional structures, 110 VAC is provided to meet power requirements, but in a preferred embodiment with convection venting, low voltage DC power is all that is needed to run the typical equipment in housing 100.
Top vents 110 shown in FIG. 4 could conceivably be placed in a top panel 400 of housing 100 rather than in a side panel 410 as shown. Conventionally, top vents in a housing that provides convection venting are placed in top panel 400 to allow effective heat dissipation. However, such placement is impractical in housing 100 for an outdoor communication structure since top vents 110 in top panel 400 would render the equipment inside housing 100 much more susceptible to rain, snow, hail, dust, and other adverse weather conditions. By placing top vents 110 in side panel 410, the equipment inside housing 100 is less affected by adverse weather conditions. Additionally, by forming top vents 110 as shown in FIG. 4 such that an overhang shields the vent opening into the housing, nearly all rain, snow, hail, and dust can be prevented from entering housing 100 while still allowing heat to escape. One benefit of the design according to a preferred embodiment for narrowed portion 160, is that top vents 110 can be placed in side panel 410 without loss of convection venting.
In addition to convection venting, a Venturi effect will also occur in a preferred embodiment of housing 100 when wind blows across top vents 110, drawing additional ambient air into the internal cavity through bottom vents 120. As wind blows across top vents 110, a pressure drop will occur, drawing air out of housing 100 through top vents 110. Because bottom vents 120 are closer to the ground than top vents 110, the wind velocity across bottom vents 120 will be less than the wind velocity across top vents 110. Accordingly, the pressure drop across bottom vents 120 will be less than the pressure drop across top vents 110. The pressure difference between the bottom vents 120 and the top vents 110 will tend to cause a net flow of ambient into the internal cavity through bottom vents 120, then out through top vents 110. Thus, when wind is present, it will typically assist the convection venting. The Venturi effect may be accentuated by planting ground cover in proximity to bottom vents 120, since the ground cover hinders the wind and further decreases its velocity near bottom vents 120. The localized wind velocity decrease in turn accentuates the pressure difference between bottom vents 120 and top vents 110, encouraging more ambient air flow through the internal cavity. When the ground cover is watered, the presence of the water will have a localized evaporative cooling effect on the ambient air drawn into bottom vents 120, offering still further improvement in heat venting.
FIG. 4 offers additional detail for vibration dampener 130. In a preferred embodiment, vibration dampener 130 is a shelf bracket 440 juxtaposed with a vibration dampening substance 430. Vibration dampener 130 surrounds a microphone 420 with a vibration dampening substance 430 to hold it in place and to isolate it from vibrations present in conventional outdoor communication structures. Typically, vibration sources include rain or hail, automobiles (particularly those near a drive-in ordering apparatus), wind, and cooling fans for the housing; although, in a preferred embodiment using convection venting, such fans are absent. Vibration dampening substance 430 at least partially dampens the vibrations from such sources to improve the clarity of communication through microphone 420. Vibration dampening substance 430 preferably comprises closed-cell foam, but could also comprise other foams, padding, or insulation such as polystyrene foam, fiberglass or foam insulation, cloth stuffing, or materials used for cushioning of packaged objects that will also dampen the vibrations. While it is preferred to locate only microphone 420 in vibration dampener 130, alternatively, a microphone/speaker combination may be placed therein. Typically, a speaker or multiple speakers (not shown) are placed separate from microphone 420 elsewhere within housing 100, depending on what location(s) would be most conducive to coherent communication.
In a preferred embodiment, vibration dampener 130 also helps define the shape and dimension of narrowed portion 160 which is important in facilitating convection venting. Vibration dampener 130 forms an inclined border of narrowed portion 160 sloping toward top vents 110. As top panel 400 and side panels 410 raise in temperature from sun exposure, heat is transferred to the surface of vibration dampener 130 that forms a border of narrowed portion 160. As indicate above, all the surfaces forming the borders of narrowed portion 160 will then heat the air within narrowed portion 160. Alternatively, a second shelf bracket or other apparatus separate from shelf bracket 440 could form an inclined border of narrowed portion 160. If such were the case, then two shelf brackets would be present. One bracket for the inclined border and another for vibration dampener 130.
Because vibration dampener 130, or perhaps another apparatus, forms an inclined border, a chimney effect as found in a common fireplace will occur. In a fireplace, the inclined surface above the firebox leads into the chimney. The fire below heats the inclined surface primarily through radiation and the inclined surface, in turn, heats a thin layer of air adjacent to it. The heated layer of air is less dense than surrounding air and rises quickly up the inclined surface and into the chimney, drawing other air with it and essentially creating a draft that keeps smoke and combustion gases from the fireplace routed out through the chimney. In a similar manner, the inclined border of narrowed portion 160 facilitates removal of heated air in housing 100 out through top vents 110. Additionally, because housing 100 is preferably constructed from metal, housing 100 will conduct heat. Thus, the heated top panel 400 and side panels 410 will transfer heat to the inclined border by conduction as well as radiation. The improved heat transfer may result in an improved chimney effect in comparison to a firebox, which primarily transfers heat to its inclined surface by radiation.
Referring now to FIGS. 5 through 7, display adjustment mechanism 140 is shown in greater detail. A preferred embodiment of display adjustment mechanism 140 consists primarily of a rigid shelf 500, a flexible shelf 510, and a compression rods 520. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a preferred embodiment of rigid shelf 500 is secured to a front panel 530 and both side panels 410, while a preferred embodiment of flexible shelf 510 is secured only to front panel 530. Front panel 530 is preferably a continuous sheet of metal with cutouts for display window 170 and a microphone window 180, as shown in FIG. 1. A gap exists between both side panels 410 and flexible shelf 510 allowing flexible shelf 510 to be rotated about its axis of connection with front panel 530. The extent of rotation need not be large as would exist if flexible shelf 510 were secured to front panel 530 by a hinge. Rather, all that is needed is about 1� to 5� of movement both up and down about the axis of connection. At least one compression rod 520, but preferably three, between rigid shelf 500 and flexible shelf 510 supports flexible shelf 510, preventing it from collapsing when an electronic display unit 600 is placed thereon. The ability to rotate flexible shelf 510 up and down and secure it in a suitable position with compression rods 520 provides a mechanism for pressing display unit 600 firmly against front panel 530.
Pressing display unit 600 firmly against front panel 530 decreases maintenance on the outdoor communication structure of which housing 100 forms a part. Display window 170, forms a part of front panel 530 and typically comprises a pane of transparent glass or plastic that protects display unit 600 but still allows the viewing of images and/or text presented by display unit 600 through front panel 530. Display window 170 must protect display unit 600 from adverse weather conditions, vandalism, etc. without diminishing the quality of images and/or text presented by display unit 600. In the event of vandalism or other damage to display window 170, it is preferable for it to be easily replaceable, as with a typical pressed-in-place display windows. Conventional housings 100 do not adequately seal display unit 600 against front panel 530, allowing dust, moisture, etc. to accumulate between display window 170 and display unit 600. Accordingly, frequent maintenance is required to maintain adequate image and/or text quality. However, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, display adjustment mechanism 140 presses display unit 600 firmly against front panel 530 to maintain an adequate seal and prevent accumulation of dust, moisture, etc. An adequate seal is achieved by first bolting display unit 600 to flexible shelf 510 in a position juxtaposing at least the lower edge of display unit 600 firmly against front panel 530. Next, compression rods 520 are adjusted upward, rotating flexible shelf 510 about its axis of connection with front panel 530, pressing display unit 600 against front panel 530, and sealing display window 170. An optional gasket between display window 170 and display unit 600 may provide additional assurance that a seal will be maintained.
A preferred embodiment of compression rod 520 is depicted in FIG. 7. Multiple alternative embodiments exist for compression rod 520 since all that is required is a mechanism for selectively adjusting the position of flexible shelf 510 sufficient to press display unit 600 firmly against front panel 530. The embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is a long bolt 700 secured between flexible shelf 510 and rigid shelf 500 by nuts 710 and lock washer 720. Compression rod 520 comprises inexpensive components that can be readily assembled and secured to flexible shelf 510 and rigid shelf 500 through holes drilled therein. It also provides simple up and down adjustment by turning one or more nuts 710. Two nuts are provided adjacent to rigid shelf 500 to lock flexible shelf 510 in position, otherwise, vibration of housing 100 or display unit 600 might cause gradual lowering of flexible shelf 510, releasing the seal of display unit 600 against front panel 530.
Also as depicted in FIGS. 5 and 6, display unit 600 mounted within housing 100 includes an electronic display 610, a display housing 620, cooling fins 630, and internal display fans 640. A wide variety of electronic displays 610 are conducive for use in an outdoor communication structure according to a preferred embodiment, including liquid crystal displays, electro-luminescent displays, light-emitting diode displays, and field emission displays. A given structure may include a monochrome display, a color display, or both and such displays vary in dimension depending on their purpose.
By itself, display 610 is relatively fragile and is mounted within display housing 620 for protection during handling and installation. Display housing 620 also protects display 610 and its associated wiring by providing plug receptacles for input/output and power connections. Because display 610 generates heat and receives heat from sun exposure to housing 100, cooling fins 630 and internal display fans 640 are provided to dissipate heat to the surroundings, otherwise, heat accumulates and damages display 610. Internal display fans 640 keep air circulating within the sealed display housing 620 so that it is distributed evenly, thus encouraging effective dissipation. Fans 640 are relatively small and operate adequately on the low voltage DC power supply since they need only circulate the air inside sealed display housing 620. Additionally, cooling fins 630 increase the surface area of display housing and, accordingly, increasing the rate of heat transfer to the surroundings.
As discussed above and shown in FIG. 3, the convection venting within a preferred embodiment of housing 100 will provide air flow/movement through housing 100. Notably, display adjustment mechanism 140 preferably only spans a portion of the internal cavity withing housing 100, allowing cool air from bottom vent 120 to easily flow past display adjustment mechanism 140. Additionally, rigid shelf 500, flexible shelf 510, and cooling fins 630 are sized such that the flow of air contacts cooling fins 630 further increasing the rate of heat dissipation. By providing an air flow through cooling fins 630, convective cooling of the equipment occurs in addition to the cooling that results from radiation and conduction of heat from display housing 600 to the surroundings. Further, the convective cooling occurs despite the absence of fans in housing 100.
FIG. 8 in combination with FIGS. 5 and 6 provide greater detail regarding access door 150. Access door 150 is inset into rear panel 540 of housing 100 and secured by key locks 800. No door edges, screws, nuts, hinges, etc. are exposed on housing 100, and yet, easy access is provided. The absence of such items discourages vandalism since no crevices or edges large enough to insert a typical pry bar and no protrusions capable of being grasped with pliers, bolt cutters, etc. are present. A very small crevice may exist between the outside edges of access door 150 and rear panel 540. However, housing 100 may be manufactured to sufficiently close tolerance that a pry bar capable of prying open access door 150 still may not be inserted into the crevice. Even if a pry bar could somehow be wedged into the crevice, the hidden lip door edges 550 provide additional protection by hindering the effectiveness of the pry bar. Essentially, the hidden lip door edges 550 only allow a small portion of the pry bar to be inserted into the crevice. Accordingly, it is difficult for the pry bar to obtain sufficient leverage to pry open access door 150. Access door 150 is preferably sized to provide easy access to microphone 420, vibration dampener 130, and display adjustment mechanism 140 in the event that equipment upgrades or maintenance are needed. This is accomplished by an access door 150 with a height equal to approximately 75% of the height of housing 100. In the event that additional speakers (not shown) or display screens (not shown) are mounted in side panels 410 or front panel 530, an access door 150 sized as indicated should nevertheless continue to provide the needed access.
FIG. 9 shows electronic display unit 600 with electronic display 610 mounted within display housing 620. Since electronic display 610 is part of an outdoor communication structure, it is subject to overheating from sun exposure, but it also generates heat during normal operation. It is imperative that electronic display 610 be relieved of this incessant exposure either to heat from the sun, self-generated heat, or both. Otherwise, the operation life of display 610 can be seriously shortened, requiring costly repair or replacement. To protect electronic display 610 from dust and moisture, it is encased within display housing 620, though it is somewhat paradoxical that the very housing that protects it from dust and moisture increases the likelihood of heat damage. Because the encasing prevents proper dissipation of heat, self-generated heat and heat from sun exposure tends to accumulate in conventional display housings. At times, a single episode of heat exposure is significant enough to cause sudden failure of the electronic display. Generally, however, the day-after-day exposure to elevated temperatures simply wears out the electronic display, gradually diminishing image quality and substantially shortening the display's operation life.
Fortunately, proper design of electronic display unit 600 will minimize heat retention and damage to display 610. In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention, display housing 620 is sized so that its width, height, and depth (Wh, Hh, and Dh, respectively as indicated in FIG. 9) exceed the display 610 width, height, and depth (Wd, Hd, and Dd, respectively as indicated in FIG. 9). Also, the product of the housing width times height must be greater than or equal to the product of two times the display width times height. In addition, the housing depth must be less than or equal to one-fiftieth of the product of the housing width times height. Display housing 620 sized accordingly will possess a maximized surface area for its volume, which assists in effective heat dissipation.
FIG. 10 provides a flowchart depicting a method 1000 for sizing display housing 620 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In step 1010 electronic display 610 is selected having a desired width, height, and depth (Wd, Hd, and Dd). Generally, the selection of electronic display 610 will involve other factors that may be of greater importance than its dimensions, or there may be a very limited choice as to different dimensions. Such other factors include the type of use, image size, image color requirements, image resolution, cost, power requirements, hardware/software compatibility, etc. Accordingly, it may often be the case that the dimensions of electronic display 610 are dictated by other more critical factors, and method 1000 is described with this condition in mind. In the contrary event that the dimensions of display housing 620 are a critical factor, the mathematical criteria discussed herein may be rearranged and the steps of method 1000 reordered to allow the dimensions of display housing 620 to dictate the allowable dimensions of electronic display 610.
Next, in step 1020, a display housing 620 is selected having a desired width, height, and depth (Wh, Hh, and Dh). Since it is preferred that display housing 620 encases display 610, each dimension of display housing 620 must be greater than each corresponding dimension of display 610 as indicated in step 1030. If this criteria is not satisfied, then step 1020 must be repeated by selecting new display housing 620 dimensions. Alternatively, it is conceivable that a present or future display 610 will not need to be encased in display housing 620 and the criteria in step 1030 can be modified accordingly. As stated in FIG. 10 for step 1040, the product of the housing width times height must be greater than or equal to the product of two times the display width times height. Also as stated in FIG. 10 for step 1050, the housing depth must be less than or equal to one-fiftieth of the product of the housing width times height. The criteria in both step 1040 and step 1050 must be met for the surface area of display housing 620 to be maximized for a desired volume according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
A brief analysis of the practical effects of the criteria in method 1000 will help reveal how display housing 620 can be best sized. Noticeably, the criteria of method 1000 dictate both minimums and maximums for display housing 620 dimensions. For example, the product of housing width times height must be at least large enough to equal the product to two times the display width times height, but it can be larger. The housing width or height accordingly can increase infinitely and still meet step 1040 criteria. Of course there are other practical limitations on housing width and height, namely the dimensions of housing 100 into which display housing 620 must fit, the increased cost of a larger display housing 620, and other physical limitations. These practical limitations will vary depending on the type of outdoor communication structure of which housing 100 forms a part, but the limitations nevertheless dictate maximum dimensions. A similar analysis of step 1050 criteria reveals that housing depth being less than or equal to one-fiftieth of the product of housing width times height simply reflects a maximum depth for display housing 620.
Notably, step 1040 and step 1050 criteria are also interrelated. Specifically, once display housing 620 dimensions are selected in step 1020 and housing width and height satisfy step 1040 criteria, it may be necessary to select a new housing depth because the combination of width and height prevent the selected depth from passing step 1050 criteria. Similarly, once steps 1030 to 1050 are all satisfied for given housing dimensions, if either width or height are changed, then the maximum depth from step 1050 will also change and the selected depth may require modification to stay within step 1050 criteria. For example, in a housing 100 that is short and narrow but rather deep, it may be physically impossible for width and height of display housing 620 to be relatively large. Because width and height are physically limited, it may be that step 1050 will require a depth much less than could fit within housing 100. Clearly, it would be physically possible to install a deeper display housing 620 within housing 100, but display housing 620 would lack the benefits of maximizing surface for a minimum volume. Namely, even though such a display housing 620 has a relatively large surface area for dissipating heat, it comes at the cost of a larger volume than is necessary. If method 1000 were followed, then a display housing 620 of equivalent surface area could be designed having a smaller volume and less cost of materials and construction.
A preferred electronic display unit 600 also includes internal display fans 640 (shown in FIG. 6) that evenly distribute heat throughout the display housing to prevent localized overheating of the display. If display housing 620 is heated uniformly by distributing heat with internal display fans 640, then heat dissipation will take place over a greater surface area and, accordingly, increase. Without fans 640, heat accumulates in localized regions of display housing 620 and electronic display 610 resulting in diminished heat dissipation because the heated regions have a smaller surface area available for heat dissipation. Further, external cooling fins 630 are provided on display housing 620 to increase its surface area even more and correspondingly increase the dissipation of heat.
While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, unless otherwise specified, any dimensions of the apparatus indicated in the drawings or herein are given as an example of possible dimensions and not as a limitation.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Feb 26, 1963
|Oct 5, 1965
|Mc Graw Edison Co
|Ground level housing for electrical apparatus
|Feb 1, 1966
|Jan 23, 1968
|Gen Electric
|Cabinet for mounting, enclosing and cooling electrical apparatus
|Apr 21, 1970
|Nov 16, 1971
|Westinghouse Electric Corp
|Modular high-voltage electrical components cooperating within cabinet housing to provide electrical insulation and cooling air passage
|Nov 11, 1974
|Oct 14, 1975
|Gen Electric
|Raintight enclosure for electrical equipment
|Mar 29, 1976
|Jan 11, 1977
|Desoto, Inc.
|Console cabinet for portable television receiver
|May 1, 1978
|Jan 16, 1979
|Moyer Diebel Limited
|Framing unit for a plurality of rectangular structures
|Feb 4, 1977
|Dec 18, 1979
|Anthony Spencer
|Kiosk unit
|Oct 23, 1981
|May 8, 1984
|Fujitsu Limited
|Shelf unit for electronic communication devices
|Oct 7, 1983
|Jul 9, 1985
|Westinghouse Electric Corp.
|Electric control center having integral air-ventilation system
|Mar 1, 1984
|Dec 31, 1985
|Jba Company
|ATM Enclosure
|Dec 16, 1985
|Feb 17, 1987
|Rca Corporation
|Television receiver having multi-purpose chassis frame
|Dec 4, 1987
|May 2, 1989
|Texas Instruments Incorporated
|Factory floor operator interface console
|Jul 24, 1987
|Jun 6, 1989
|221241 Alberta Ltd.
|Console structure
|Jul 11, 1988
|Jun 19, 1990
|General Electric Company
|Electronic circuit module with improved cooling
|Apr 5, 1989
|Aug 21, 1990
|Zenith Data Systems Corporation
|Computer stand
|Mar 17, 1989
|Jan 15, 1991
|Square D Company
|Housing for a multi-board electronic module for a programmable controller system
|Sep 18, 1990
|Oct 1, 1991
|Broadcast Equipment Rental Company
|Video monitoring system for auto drive-through fast food restaurants
|Nov 26, 1990
|Feb 25, 1992
|Electromagnetically compatible vertical enclosure for the operating system of transmission equipment, in particular for transmission by radio beam
|Apr 29, 1992
|Sep 7, 1993
|Industrial Technology Research Institute
|Fanless convection cooling design for personal computers
|Oct 31, 1991
|Dec 21, 1993
|Pearlson Douglas L
|Transportable kiosk
|Jul 5, 1994
|Dec 12, 1995
|At&T Global Information Solutions Company
|Structure for cooling an equipment enclosure
|May 16, 1994
|Feb 20, 1996
|Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
|Optical disk apparatus with cooling arrangement
|Feb 14, 1995
|Feb 20, 1996
|Hewlett-Packard Company
|Enclosure with redundant air moving system
|Feb 1, 1994
|Jun 25, 1996
|Hubbell Incorporated
|Heat exchanger for electrical cabinet or the like
|Dec 5, 1994
|Jul 16, 1996
|Asea Brown Boveri Ltd.
|Jun 30, 1994
|Sep 24, 1996
|Hughes Aircraft Company
|BI-directional shock isolation mounting system and method
|May 10, 1995
|Nov 12, 1996
|Sony Corporation
|Bracket apparatus for a cabinet
|Sep 25, 1995
|Dec 31, 1996
|Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
|Drive through wireless order taking system
|Aug 30, 1996
|Feb 10, 1998
|Clutter; Tommy
|Telescoping drive-through menu system
|Jan 17, 1996
|Jul 14, 1998
|Nec America, Inc.
|Densely packed telecommunications equipment enclosure
|Mar 14, 1997
|Jan 19, 1999
|The Toro Company
|Equipment enclosure
|Jun 19, 1997
|Feb 9, 1999
|Apple Computer, Inc.
|Computer visual display monitor with integral stereo speaker and directional microphone and method for construction
|Mar 28, 1997
|Apr 13, 1999
|Lucent Technologies, Inc.
|Enclosures for heat producing devices
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Mar 10, 2003
|Oct 18, 2005
|Roland Corporation
|Speaker installation and method
|Oct 4, 2002
|May 16, 2006
|Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
|Optical filter module, and manufacturing method thereof
|Apr 24, 2003
|Jan 1, 2004
|Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba
|Electrode apparatus having a front door covering a front surface of a housing
|Mar 10, 2003
|Jan 29, 2004
|Roland Corporation
|Speaker installation and method
|Oct 4, 2002
|Jun 17, 2004
|Takaaki Furumochi
|Optical filter module, and manufacturing method thereof
|Nov 14, 2003
|May 19, 2005
|Motorola, Inc.
|Integrated flexible display and speaker apparatus and method
|U.S. Classification
|361/679.23, 381/354, 361/679.05, 181/198, 181/151, 381/353
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Oct 31, 1997
Owner name: LACERTA ENTERPRISES, INC., ARIZONA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:HEADY, GREGORY S.;HEADY, ANNE C.;REEL/FRAME:008880/0708
Effective date: 19971028
|Sep 7, 2004
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Aug 1, 2008
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Nov 19, 2012
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Apr 10, 2013
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|May 28, 2013
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20130410


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