text:
Mardi Gras is coming up on February 28th...and while you might not be at the parade in the Big Easy, you can (and should!) still celebrate at home. To help you plan the most fab fete (that's French for party)...
The chemistry between you and your BF/GF might be off the charts, making one-on-one time with them super easy. But when it comes to hanging out with their fam, we know things can get awk. It might seem impossible to...
Let's face it—the holidays aren't just about spending quality time with the fam, it's also about devouring some delicious food! Sure you can help your parents with the Thanksgiving menu by scoping out recipes on Pinterest, but there's just something...
Take a little extra time this holiday season to test out these super simple makeup looks. Whether you're into a sparkly eye or a bold lip, there's something for everyone to try.
A new friend invited you over to celebrate the first night
of Hanukkah with her family. You're psyched…until you realize you have
absolutely no idea what you should wear, how you should act or what the whole
evening is really about. Not to...
Celebrate the beginning of 2014 in style! With a few smart fashion secrets, you'll totally start the year off on the right (well-heeled) foot. The best part? These looks are super easy to recreate with pieces you may already own—just...
The polishes:
Tips: Sephora Collection Color Hit Nailpolish in Black Lace, $5, sephora.com
Toes: Cult Nails Nail Lacquer in Dance All Night, $6, cultnails.com
Call us crazy, but there's something so ultra-chic about
short black tips. And when you're getting...
Just because it's cold out, doesn't mean you have to stop wearing all those cute dresses in your closet. A great way to keep them going all winter long is to pair them with adorable sweaters that will keep ya...
What is your favorite Starbucks order?
Trendy, well-traveled and totally cool? That could be you!
From Paris to New York City, jewel thieves March and Jules McQuin know a thing or two about jet-setting. CLICK HERE to check out all the essentials for your next exotic escape...and snag
travel tips that will take your adventures to a whole new level.
A 1920s mystery to solve
18-year-old Piper Sail searches the dark underbelly of 1920s Chicago to solve the disappearance of her best friend. CLICK HERE to score your copy for free!
What artistic talent are you meant to have?
Which rom-com should you watch based on your taste in food?
What stress-busting hobby is right for you?


text:
Monique Alexander & Jessy Jones [HD 720p] (2014/Housewife1On1.com/1.35GB)
Here you will find fresh porn videos, movies for every taste. You can download their by clicking on the link site file-sharing service Nitroflare, Uploaded, Gigapeta, Keep2Share.cc and many other.
Year release: 2014
Genre: All Sex, Blow Job, Bubble Butt, Cum on Stomach, POV, Red Head, Titty Fucking, Hardcore
Site: Housewife1On1.com / NaughtyAmerica.com
Duration: 00:36:12
Description: Monique Alexander is tanning by the pool when her husband arrives. She knows how much her husband loves watching her oil herself up so she starts getting her body nice and shiny for him. Monique see's that he's getting hard so she whips his dick out and starts fucking it good
Format: MP4
Quality: HD/720p
Video: MPEG4 Video (H264) 1280x720 30fps 5250kbps
Audio: AAC 48000Hz stereo 111kbps
Size: 1.35 GB
Download :
Users of Guests are not allowed to comment this publication.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
|Science & Medicine
The Skeptics' Guide to the Universe is a weekly science podcast discussing the latest science news, critical thinking, bad science, conspiracies and controversies. -The Skeptics' Guide to the Universe: Your escape to reality - Produced by SGU Productions, LLC: http://www.theskepticsguide.org
November 18th, 2006
Episode 69 of 608 episodes
Interview with Seth Shostak; News Items: Qi-Gong on You Tube, Cryotherapy,Chicken-Tac-Toe; Your E-mails and Questions: Hallucinations, Chiropractic, Religion and Mental Illness; Randi Speaks; Science or Fiction; Skeptical Puzzle
You'll need to sign in to write a comment.
Welcome to the daily audio workout for your head.


text:
Our Music Promotion is Express » Clean » Classic » Dope » Well Packaged » And Very Cheap Call >>> 08069041389
He started from the ghetto parts of Port-Harcourt termed as waterside and was fondly called the waterside boy when he first started. Going through a hard process of making it big in the Entertainment industry, he never kept his eyes off the ball. Mr 2Kay will be closing the year with a major deal with the Christian brothers brandy that will see him as an ambassador to promote the American originated brand of brandy soley distributed by Hart G Associates limited around Nigeria starting with the south.
Opportunity To Win Prizes Now!!!
Click Here To Download Wadupafrica.com Andriod App On Your Phone For Free and Win Prizes...
Mr 2kay who is well known in the south south and the Niger delta has made his mark on the music scene. After winning the Niger delta artiste of the year in 2015 and being the highest nominated artiste for the 2016 Niger delta advancement awards, there is no doubt Mr 2kay has worked so hard releasing consistent hits.
Representatives of the Christian brothers brandy from Hart G Associates ltd said there choice of Mr 2kay is because they see a vibrant young artiste making an impact in the region with consistency and smooth delivery of content in his music and that aligns with the smooth and rich product of Christian brothers brandy.
The Christian brothers organisation was founded in 1882 by the largest religious community of men devoted entirely to education worldwide. The brothers weren't priest but laymen who dedicated themselves to living and working in teaching congregation. They founded several schools in the United states
Mr 2kay will be leading activation events around the south of Nigeria starting early next year through 6 to 8 cities. You can follow Mr 2kay on instagram @mr.2kay to start winning complimentary prices from the Christian brothers in Nigeria.
Our Music Promotion is Express » Clean » Classic » Dope » Well Packaged » And Very Cheap Call >>> 08069041389


text:
Sen. Jeff Sessions defends his civil rights record, promises to prioritize law over his personal views
Published in News & Features
Sessions is again being assailed by civil rights groups, who point to his Senate record of voting against hate-crime legislation, immigration reform and efforts to ban torture as evidence that he would not fairly enforce the laws protecting minorities.
Sessions testified he hoped to work closely with local police and would aggressively combat gun violence, gang crimes and drug trafficking. He said he felt criticism of police misconduct should be "narrowly focused on the right basis" because too often mistakes are used to "to smear whole departments" and that "places those officers at greater risk."
The senator did not stray from his previous long-held hard-line views on immigration enforcement, testifying he would aggressively "prosecute those who repeatedly violate our borders" and support rescinding an Obama administration program that deferred deportation of hundreds of thousands of so-called Dreamers, those brought to the country illegally as children.
"It is very questionable constitutionally," Sessions said of Obama's 2012 Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program. He did not say whether he believed the 742,000 immigrants protected under the program should be deported.
An unabashed opponent of marijuana use, Sessions was non-committal about whether he might use his authority to resume raids of marijuana-growing operations and dispensaries. Such law enforcement actions, deeply unpopular in states like California and Colorado, were effectively halted in recent years.
On counter-terrorism, Sessions said he would fight the "scourge of radical Islam" and believed that the U.S. military prison at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, should continue to house terror suspects. President Barack Obama was unable to fulfill his pledge to close the detention facility, which still holds 55 detainees, 19 of whom have been cleared for release.
Sessions added that he not support "the idea that Muslims as a religious group should be denied admissions to the United States," a position Trump once backed.
The hearing is scheduled to continue Wednesday with a long list of witnesses, including Democratic Sen. Cory Booker, who said he will take the unprecedented step of opposing a fellow senator's candidacy for a Cabinet job.
Sessions was the first of Trump's Cabinet contenders to begin what is expected to be a combative confirmation process over the next few weeks.
Sessions, one of the most conservative members of Congress, is widely expected to win confirmation from his colleagues in the Republican-controlled Senate. No sitting U.S. senator has ever been rejected for a Cabinet position, and GOP senators on the committee offered nothing but unstinting support on Tuesday.


text:
Hosted and on-prem private cloud provider to invest in product development, team expansion Read More
Cloud Computing
Browse by subcategory:
Latest Cloud Computing News:
EMC and NetApp Veterans' Startup Igneous Raises $23.6M
Startup says little about product, hinting at a cloud infrastructure solution for large-scale deployments Read More
Dell Reaffirms Commitment To Open, Agnostic Cloud
With massive bets on building Infrastructure as a Service taking place, Dell reaffirmed its commitment to being an impartial player, enabling open, agnostic cloud. Read More
Eucalyptus 4.0 Addresses Enterprise Private Cloud Pain Points
Developer of AWS-focused hybrid cloud platform adds new features to make hybrid cloud easier for enterprises Read More
HP Ramps Up Enterprise Cloud Play With $1 Billion Investment
Plans OpenStack-based IaaS, Cloud Foundry-based PaaS, deployed across 80 data centers around the world Read More
GoGrid Attacks 'Commodity Clouds' With Open Orchestration
Launches repository for on-demand cloud orchestration blueprints Read More
Alibaba's Cloud Subsidiary Opens Beijing Data Center
Cloud services provider launches third data center in China, eyes U.S., Southeast Asia expansion Read More
Greenpeace Takes Clicking Clean Campaign to Pinterest HQ
The environmental group's real target is not Pinterest, but the social network's cloud provider Amazon and its coal-powered data centers. Read More
CenturyLink Follows Cloud Giants' Lead With Big Price Cuts
Provider says its true differentiation is in its data center infrastructure, rather than price Read More
Red Hat Acquires Ceph Open Storage Provider Inktank for $175 million
Expanding its enterprise storage play, Red Hat gets the Ceph capability to turn commodity hardware into storage systems Read More
Additional Cloud Computing Articles
- OnApp Cloud Platform Available on IBM SoftLayer Infrastructure
- Judge: Microsoft Must Obey US Warrant Seeking Data Stored in Ireland
- VMware Boosts Infrastructure as its Gaze Shifts to the Cloud
- New Relic Receives $100 Million Financing Round
- CloudVolumes 2.0 Enables Software Defined Workload Management
- Dimension Data Acquires Nexus, Plans to Quadruple Data Center Business
- HP Updates CloudSystem, Integrity Servers
- How Amazon Stays On Top in the Cloud Wars
- Dell Advances Boomi Integation Platform as a Service
- How Mobility Has Become the New Normal
- Cloud Roundup: VMware, IBM, Oracle
- Linode Invests $45 Million to Retool its Infrastructure
- It's All About the App, as Red Hat Drives Containerized Application Delivery
- Red Hat Summit Focuses on Cloud Integration
- Red Hat Announces OpenShift Marketplace


text:
Marek Wojtacki
Poland, Russia, Ukraine, Czech Republic, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia
Dear Colleagues,
I deeply hope that many of you – veterinary surgeons - will go for the Southern European Veterinary Conference (SEVC) that will be held in October 2016 in Granada. The Conference is organized jointly by NAVC and AVEPA for the first time in this beautiful and full of tourist attractions city.
The Conference Center is localized in the core of the city of Granada and it provides optimal conditions for such a big event like SEVC and accompanying workshops and social events.
October in Granada also lets us enjoy the sun and constant atmosphere of the holiday and traveling in the summer. This is why going for SEVC gives the possibility to combine education and leisure, that match each other perfectly.
We recomend you to fly to Malaga, as the closest International Airport. From Malaga you will be able to get a free Shuttle to Granada. (more detailed information will be provided soon)
I'll wait impatiently for all the participants from Poland, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia in Granada in 2016. I hope our group will be equally or even more numerous than it was last year.
With my best regards
Marek Piotr Wojtacki
tel.kom./mobile +48 530 70 37 45


text:
What a stunner! And beautiful name, congratulations!!!
What a stunner! And beautiful name, congratulations!!!
Thanks ladies! One of our friends brought her a giant monkey....
that sure is a giant monkey! she looks very content snuggled up to it. How are you feeling?
Not too bad. Just absolutely shattered. Ive slept like 3 hrs since thursday. Heading home today (day 2 woo go me!) so at least we can have one of us sleeping and the other in the lounge or somewhere with the screaming baby.
So happy to finally see your little one has arrived. Hope she finds a good sleep rhythm for you. I'm so very very happy for u xxx
Naww PB thats just too cute!! How are you handling your first week of motherhood?? I hope bubs is being a good girl..
Merri how are you travelling? Bubs still sticky? I hope everything is good.. Sending sticky vibes..
How is everyone else? I think bubs maybe sitting on a nerve, my back is killing me! Only on my left side, really low, right on my lower back/pelvic area.. I'm hoping its going to reslove itself soon, it's a pain in th a@#!! I feel like I'm walking lopsided lol..
Sitting at 7w2d so have made it past all other 3 m/c so I guess that's something and hoping these blood thinners are doing there magic. The furthest I've gotten in the past was the very first one which made it to 6w3d
Merri that is fantastic news!! I truly hope you've found the perfect treatment. It must be so emotionally draining for you but hopefully your holiday was the perfect escape
Nic I hope your back improves soon....its only going to get worse from here! Heat packs are amazing, a nice warm bath, or even sitting on a fit ball. If you don't already have one, I suggest you get one. It will be your best friend in your 9th month!
Motherhood has its ups and downs. But mainly it's ups I left hospital on day 2 as it was stressing me out to be there. DF has been my rock. We're now just trying to figure out how to get her to sleep at night. She's fine during the day but for some reason decides that the only way she's going to sleep at night is in our bed. We've borrowed a friends "safe sleeper" or whatever they're called which we're going to try out tonight, then try to get her used to the bassinet during the day. Its just too stressful trying out new things at night!
So here's what happened with me (finally getting a chance to sit down and write it). I went in on Tuesday and has the gel started at 3pm. My cervix was long, thick and posterior so we knew it was going to need at least a couple of doses. However, the pains came in pretty quickly and the CTG showed what they thought were contractions, so they held off on the second dose of gel to avoid hyper-stimulation.
Wednesday morning - minimal change to the cervix. The 'contractions' were just prostin pains, so we could have had the second dose that night. Instead, we wasted another 12 hours. Second dose inserted at 9am. Third dose inserted at 3pm. Minimal cervix changes - though it had started to thin out a wee bit and move forward.
Thursday morning - Cervix had continued to thin out but I was only 1cm dilated. After a long discussion, it was decided that a Cooks Catheter was our best option, rather than discontinuing the induction and trying again on Monday. I was allowed home for 5 hours to rest and recover. The catheter was inserted at 6pm that evening.
Friday morning - I was meant to be checked at 8am, however, the curse of Friday the 13th saw 5 women in labour in a hospital with only 2 birthing suites, so I had to wait until lunch time. I had finally made it to 3cm (and only just) so they ruptured the membranes and commenced the syntocin drip. 4pm and still no contractions despite being on the highest dose. Then all of a sudden, BAM. Too many contractions. The poor doctors had quite a rough ride trying to find the optimal rate for the drip but decided that 6 contractions in 10 minutes was going to have to do (instead of the optimal 3-4 in 10).
My blood pressure started to rise so i was encouraged to get an epidural at 530pm. 40 minutes later he finally got it in and my back resembled a dart board. Unfortunately, i only had a one sided block so it was removed around 9pm and i started on the gas and air.
A VE at 12am showed i was only 4cm. I asked to keep going. I continued like this until 430am when i had another VE. Only 5cm. I couldn't handle it any more. My body was giving up after 4 days of induction and 18 hours of labour. My heart was going into arrhythmias and my BP was uncontrollable, so we were rushed in to theatre for an emergency c-section. They were worried that I would need a general anesthetic after the epidural debacle but fortunately the spinal block was successful otherwise DF wouldn't have been allowed at the birth and I would have been completely under.
Hannah Sophia was finally born at 648am on Saturday morning. She was perfect. Apgars of 9 and 9. A good set of lungs and a beautiful head of hair - though she had a serious cone head as a result of the long labour. Our little girl is one strong baby. Through all of this she only ever showed signs of distress once, but was corrected when I was put on to my side.
The doctors and midwives said they'd rarely seen anyone go through a 4 day induction followed by an 18 hour labour. They were amazed at how well I had done and the obstetrician even bought Hannah and I a present for being so strong. Turns out that I wouldn't have been able to deliver her naturally even if I had gone into spontaneous labour as her head was just too big for my pelvis. But hey, we weren't to know.
It has been a very long and hard 9 months but we are both happy and healthy which is the main thing.
Hello my lovely ladies!
How are you all?
Merri, I hope you're still plodding along nicely
Time for another bragging photo of our gorgeous girl!
Prof 1.jpg
ohhhh that photo is so sweet! Look at all her hair!! Beautiful!
Sounds like you guys went through quite an ordeal, you must be exhausted still. How are you finding the sleeping is going now?
afm, not much to report, at my 28 week check I was measuring small so I have another dr appointment next week to check measurement, so long as there's growth its fine, otherwise they'll just do a scan to check it properly. How is everyone else going? Things still good with you Merri?
Pregnant for the first-time?
Not sure where to start? We can help!
Our Insider Programs for pregnancy first-timers will lead you step-by-step through the 14 Pregnancy Must Dos!


text:
Sur La Table Bar Gift Set
$69.96 $78.85
Details Is there an entertainer on your list this year? This gift set is perfect for beginning bartenders as well as experienced mix masters, with essential tools that are great for any home bar or kitchen. Our Bar Gift Set includes: Mrs. Lilien's Cocktail Swatch Book Beautifully designed in the swatchbook format, Mrs. Lilien's Cocktail Swatch Book is filled with 50 classic cocktail recipes for colorful entertaining. Internet bon vivant Mrs. Lilien takes a fanciful approach to cocktail making in this retro-chic swatch book, which includes 20 recipes for blended cocktails, 20 recipes for shaken cocktails, and 10 recipes for punch bowls. The gorgeous cover design (complete with embossed flamingos!) is dazzling on a bar cart, coffee table, or at any cocktail party. Tovolo® King Cube Ice Tray, Black Keep your drinks cooler than ever with our king-sized ice tray. Produces jumbo ice cubes, designed to melt more slowly than standard ice cubes. Silicone releases cubes cleanly and easily. Made from food-grade silicone that won't absorb odors or stains. 6" x 41⁄2" tray makes six giant ice cubes. Dishwasher safe. Stainless Steel Penguin Shaker Recalling a whimsical 1930s design, the Penguin Cocktail Shaker is an elegant yet fun way to liven up your essential barware. From eyes to beak to tie, flippers and feet, this shaker is styled in fine details. Created from 18/8 stainless steel, its bright finish complements any décor. Shake your drink with ice then simply remove the head and pour from the filtered spout. Holds one liter. 10" Hand wash only. Scrappy's Bitters® Orange Bitters As they say "A little goes a mile" when it comes to these bitters. Handcrafted in small batches, old-fashion style, Scrappy's Bitters was founded on the simple idea that bitters could be made better. That's why Scrappy's uses fresh, organic fruits and herbs-never oils, extracts or dried produce. It's why they process and bottle their natural ingredients in one location and why they number every batch after meticulous inspection. 5 oz. Handcrafted and bottled in Seattle, WA. Made in the USA. To add a personal message and gift-wrap this set select "Add Gift Services" when checking out. We'll take care of everything and ship it directly to the lucky recipient. This gift set is available only online.
- Includes: Mrs. Lilien's Cocktail Swatch Book , Tovolo® King Cube Ice Tray, Black, Stainless Steel Penguin Shaker, Scrappy's Bitters® Orange Bitters


text:
After releasing What For? earlier this spring, Chaz Bundick shared a number of varying tracks under his Toro y Moi moniker this summer. The range of tracks included "2 Late" with fellow East Bay musician Kool AD and "Room for 1zone". While there was no word of another Toro y Moi album on the horizon, Chaz shared a full new 20-track album today. You can download Toro y Moi "Samantha" in its entirety right here. "Samantha" features collaborations with Nosaj Thing, Rome Fortune, Washed Out, and SHORE.
Toro y Moi "Samantha" was recorded in Berkeley, CA from January 2012 and August 2015. The tracks were mastered by Patrick Brown.
Toro y Moi "Samantha" tracklist
01 Power of Now 02 2 Late [ft. Kool A.D. and SAFE] 03 Driving Day 04 Good Song 05 Pitch Black [ft. Rome Fortune] 06 Us 2 07 That Night [ft. Kool A.D. and SAFE] 08 Stoned at the MoMA 09 Room for 1zone 10 Want [ft. Washed Out] 11 ambient Rainbow 12 Benjiminz [ft. Rome Fortune] 13 Boo Boo Mobile 14 bytheneck 15 Real Love [ft. Kool A.D.] 16 Enough of You [ft. Nosaj Thing] 17 The Usual 18 Prayer Hands 19 Holy Nights [ft. SHORE] 20 welp, tour's over


text:
Apple puts one in the stink
Posted by | 4.27.2016 at 5:50 AM
And the muppets get a Goldman Shower.
0 comments:
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)
When the going gets weird, the weird turn pro.
2009 W.C. Varones, Using the StudioPress WordPress Theme
Also Twitter. Full RSS - Comments RSS


text:
Filter Results:
Publication Year
Publication Type
Publication Venue
Key Phrases
Learn More
In many recent studies on cognitive radio (CR) networks, the primary user activity is assumed to follow the Poisson traffic model with exponentially distributed interarrivals. The Poisson modeling may lead to cases where primary user activities are modeled as smooth and burst-free traffic. As a result, this may cause the cognitive radio users to miss some… (More)
—The growing problem of spectrum scarcity and the inefficient spectrum utilization in the licensed bands, are addressed by the emerging Cognitive Radio (CR) paradigm. It is seen that the choice of the spectrum bands, called as spectrum decision, must be organized carefully by considering the challenges in the spectrum availability over time, the short term… (More)
This article has been accepted for publication in a future issue of this journal, but has not been fully edited. Content may change prior to final publication. Abstract—The recent problems in wireless cellular networks such as network capacity and indoor coverage have been addressed by the OFDMA small cells deployments of the Next-Generation LTE Advanced… (More)
—Two-tier femtocell-based networks have been proposed as an economic solution to improve coverage and capacity in wireless cellular systems. Although widely studied in the literature, interference management in these networks remains as a technical challenge in need of effective solutions. In particular, the interference estimation is a relevant portion of… (More)
—Smallcell technology is gaining significance as part of the next-generation cellular systems due to their performance benefits in terms of increased network capacity and improved indoor and local coverage. Hybrid access smallcells, which provide service to both indoor as well as neighboring users, adopt adhoc policies to guarantee performance benefits to… (More)


text:
News About: Cocky Raider
David's Duo Ready To Leave Furious Dynasty
David Payne is yet another trainer boasting chances in both the three year old races at Warwick Farm tomorrow and few appear to be in a better position at claiming the double.
Florentina will be flying his flag in the fillies event, the Group 2 Furious Stakes over 1400m.
It's a fantastic field of horses …
More Than 700 Nominations For Brisbane Winter Carnival
The 2011 Brisbane Winter Racing Carnival could be one of the biggest ever with a wealth of talent heading north to contest the major Group 1's this year.
A combined total of more than 700 entries have been released for the …
News Topics
- Chris Waller
- Melbourne Cup
- Gai Waterhouse
- Cox Plate
- Caulfield Cup
- Peter Moody
- Melbourne Spring Racing Carnival
- Golden Slipper
- Flemington
- Hugh Bowman
- Stradbroke Handicap
- Doncaster Mile
- Black Caviar
- Damien Oliver
- Caulfield Guineas
- Peter Snowden
- Queen Elizabeth Stakes
- Craig Williams
- Darren Weir
- James McDonald
- Caulfield
- Blue Diamond Stakes
- Newmarket Handicap
- David Hayes


text:
Help support us by turning off adblock and Enjoy more features.
Download hd wallpaper of Love is not a joke from Section: Innocent love & Category: Love beauty and hope. Filetype: Sweet love couples & Size: 21.78 kb
¤ Categories
¤ Direct download
¤ Most popular Wallpapers
¤ partners
Download hd wallpapers of "Love is not a joke" at your mobile cell phone.
File size : [21.78 kb]
240x320, 320x240, 320x480, 360x480
480x800, 480x854 720x1280
:Love is not a joke, Love is not a game,
Similar Downloads


text:
Sunday, September 26, 2010
Sunday Salon- Finally Fall
Yesterday my husband and I went to a great library booksale in the nearby town of Arlington; I got a whole stack of great new reads, including two Angela Thirkell novels, James Kelman's Booker Prize winner How Late It Was, How Late and Anthony Bourdain's new book, Medium Raw. Jeff found a first edition of a Nebula and Hugo Award winner, The Forever War, by Joe Haldeman.
I also found Laurie Halse Anderson's book Speak, which I read yesterday in preparation for Banned Book Week. If I read YA exclusively, I could probably read 5 books a week, but because I read adult literary fiction I'm lucky to read that much in a month! It was great but it reminded me why I don't read more YA- too much teen angst. I mean, I love The Smiths as much as anyone but a little goes a long way.
Anyway today I'm up for more teen angst as I'm reading The Perks of Being a Wallflower as my second Banned Books Week read. I'll have reviews of both later this week. I'm also reading and enjoying Julie Orringer's The Invisible Bridge, about the Holocaust from the Hungarian point of view. It's a marvel of a novel and I recommend it to anyone interested in the subject or not. I'm also putting together some reading lists for some theme reads I'm going to do for the rest of this year.
What are you up to today? Have a great Sunday. More Sunday Salon here.


text:
Connecticut Condo & HOA NewsBack to homepage
Charging cell phone starts fire in West Hartford condo; 9-year-old credited with saving grandmother (CT)
A charging cell phone is being blamed for a fire that tore through a West Hartford condo Tuesday morning. Three people, including two firefighters, were sent to the hospital after a bedroom fire at 8 Rosemary Court in West Hartford.Read More
Alert Neighbor Saved Lives In Danbury Condo Blaze (CT)
The Danbury Fire Department credited an alert neighbor with saving the lives of others by calling 911 Monday night about a fire at the Birchwood Condominiums. Read the article………..Read More
Demolition begins at New Haven Harbour Landing condo complex units damaged by fire (CT)
Crews Monday started tearing through several units at the Harbour Landing condo complex building that were heavily damaged in a fire last month City Building Inspector James Turcio said the demolition of a section of the Harbour Landing complex startedRead More
Trump Parc Stamford targeted for Jan. 15 'Day of Action' (CT)
The residents at Trump Parc Stamford may find outdoor noise levels to be a bit more higher than usual on Jan. 15 when the Fairfield County Democrats plan to hold what is being billed as a "massive rally" in frontRead More
3-alarm fire hits condo complex in Milford (CT)
A three-alarm fire at 267 Melba St. was brought under control about 6:30 p.m. Sunday, according to the Milford Police Department's Twitter account. The address is listed online as a three-story condominium complex. The Stratford Fire Department was assisting, accordingRead More
Investigators say chimney caused New Haven condo fire (CT)
Fire investigators say it was a chimney that caused the large condo fire in New Haven and demolition could begin as early as Friday. The fire sparked Monday afternoon at the Harbour Landing condominiums. After speaking with several neighbors, investigatorsRead More
Fire at New Haven Apartment Condos Rekindles (CT)
After a devastating fire displaced nine families in New Haven this week, the fire at the apartment complex rekindled on Tuesday night. New Haven fire officials said they were responding to the Harbour Landing apartment complex at 99 HarborRead More
Fire Breaks Out New Haven Condo Complex (CT)
Firefighters are battling a three-alarm fire at a condo complex in New Haven. The fire was reported at the Harbour Landing complex at 99 Harbor Close and arriving crews found a fire on the roof and heavy smoke, according toRead More
Feds: Condo Must Allow Disabled Student's School Bus On Property
The mother of a teenager with medical and behavioral disabilities knew something was wrong when the board at her condo complex on the Berlin Turnpike voted to ban school buses from coming on the property. She has lived at ParkridgeRead More
Another condo complex found to have crumbling foundations (CT)
The Ryefield II condominium complex is the latest property in north-central Connecticut to be found to have failing concrete foundations, bringing the total known affected multiple-unit housing developments in the area to five. Consulting engineer William Neal of Residential EngineeringRead More
South Windsor Condo Building Severely Damaged by Fire (CT)
Officials said one resident of a unit where the fire appears to have started was taken to the hospital, but the injuries are not life-threatening. Four firefighters were also injured while fighting the fire and two were taken to theRead More
Three-Alarm Fire Heavily Damages Stamford Condo Complex (CT)
A three-alarm fire that broke out Wednesday evening heavily damaged the Waterside Green condo complex in Stamford, the Stamford Fire Department said via Twitter. Stamford firefighters responded to the blaze, which burned throughout three floors of the residential building, asRead More
Ex-condo manager faces new embezzling charges in Watertown (CT)
Police have arrested a local woman for a second time on charges of embezzling money from a condominium association. Joanne Fournier, owner of Custom Property Management in Watertown, (sorry it takes a subscription to read the entire article)Read More
Condo residents furious over alleged infestations
Residents of a condominium complex in Bridgeport are furious because they say their condos are infested with bed bugs and roaches. The residents at Embassy Towers condominium complex on Park Avenue tell News 12 that the infestation is so severeRead More
12 People Displaced in Guilford Condo Fire; 2 Hospitalized (CT)
Two people were taken to the hospital after fire broke out at a condo complex at 80 Seaview Terrace around 3 a.m. Friday, according to media reports. A total of 12 people were displaced in the fire, Fox 61 reports.Read More
Foundation issues spreading to condominium complexes (CT)
At least four developments in area towns, including three condominium complexes, are deteriorating from failing concrete foundations, an issue that continues to plague northeastern and north-central Connecticut homeowners. Along with Ryefield Condominiums in Vernon, parts of which were found inRead More
Sewer line raises concern (CT)
The massive project for Woodridge Lake seeks to put an end to a decades-long battle between the Woodridge Lake homeowners association and the state Department of Energy and Environmental Protection. In 1989, the agency issued a consent order over concernsRead More
Ganim (Mayor) told to stop renting out condo (CT)
Mayor Joe Ganim will have to eliminate "providing tenants fresh sheets and towels" from his list of responsibilities governing Connecticut's largest city. Ganim broke the rules when he launched short-term rentals out of his condominium at The Cove, a residentialRead More
Firefighters Battle Flames at Condo Amid Extreme Heat (CT)
Firefighters battled flames at a condo on Riverton Road in Winchester, along with the horrible heat and humidity on Thursday. "It was difficult in the beginning for the first crews," said Deputy Chief Curt Mongeau, of the Winsted Fire Department.Read More
Condo owners near trail complain about pedestrian, bicycle traffic (CT)
While nature lovers celebrate the newly open section of the linear trail, some Yalesville on the Green condo owners are upset by the illegal pedestrian and bicyclist traffic it has spurred through the complex. An easement allows for vehicular trafficRead More
Pedestrians, bicyclists prohibited from accessing new trail through Wallingford condo complex (CT)
As excitement mounts over the new stretch of linear trail recently unveiled at Firework Island, some condo owners are upset pedestrians and bicyclists are violating the law by passing through their property. Town officials hope a solution can be reachedRead More
Residents displaced after Bethel condo fire (CT)
Several residents of the Plumtree Heights condos were forced out of their homes Saturday after a fire tore through one of the units Saturday morning Read the article………Read More
Fire Causes 'Serious Damage' To Enfield Condo (CT)
A fire caused "serious damage" to a condo unit at The Hamlet, located near Orlando Drive, Saturday afternoon, according to Enfield Fire Departments' Public Information Officer Mark Zarcaro. Read the article………..Read More
Firefighters Battle 2-Alarm Fire in Middletown (CT)
Firefighters are battling a two-alarm fire at a condo at 826 Long Hill Road in Middletown. The resident, who rents the condo, said she was frying plantains and it got out of control.Read More
Condos have faulty concrete: engineer (CT)
A local condominium complex is the latest structure discovered to be affected by faulty foundations, an issue that continues to plague northeastern and north-central Connecticut homeowners. Read the article…………Read More
Neighbor Files Noise Complaint With HOA for Crying Baby (CT)
People file noise complaints against neighbors for all kinds of reasons, from dogs that won't stop barking to partiers who won't stop blasting Britney Spears. (Britney? Really?) Yet recently intrabuilding warfare—and a resulting official noise complaint—was lodged against a farRead More
Was police dog sniff outside Connecticut condo door legal?
A Connecticut marijuana bust has turned into a potential precedent setting case on whether apartment and condo dwellers have the same rights as house owners when it comes to police using drug-sniffing dogs outside their homes. Read the article…………..Read More
The Legitimacy Of Adopted Amended Or Repealed Rules
A source of conflict between boards and unit owners is the enforcement of rules. The power of the Association of the enact and enforce rules in not unlimited. To be enforceable, the rules must be legally adopted and within theRead More
Four Critically Injured In West Hartford (CT) Fire
Nine people were taken to hospitals, four of them with critical injuries, after an early-morning fire in a Kane Street condo complex fire. Read the article…………Read More
Fire crews respond to blaze at condos on County Street (CT)
Fire crews were called to Nor-West Condominiums on County Street Wednesday morning for a reported structure fire in one of the units. Read the article………..Read More
Wolcott (CT) neighbors worried about contaminated drinking water
Some neighbors who live at the Arrowhead by The Lake condominium complex in Wolcott are concerned with potential lead and bacteria contamination in their well water supply. "Aside from showers we don't use the water for anything," said Chuck andRead More
Crumbling Foundation Problem Has Added Headaches for Condo Owners (CT)
Patti Cucuzzo and her partner, Kathy, were ready to make a move. They found a buyer for their unit in Lydall Woods Colonial Village in Manchester, but at the final inspection, everything changed. "My realtor texted me and said it'sRead More
Berlin (CT) Reviews Condo Trash Rebate
Since 2014, the town has helped condominium complexes shoulder the costs of private trash removal. But tough economic times could end the rebates, Read the article…………Read More
Stamford cops: Ex-condo president embezzled
A former East Side condominium association president was arrested for alegedly embezzling thousands of dollars from her fellow condo owners after she left office with only $15 in the association account, the insurance lapsed and an unpaid sewage bill. ReadRead More
24 birds removed from condo after woman found dead in Stamford (CT)
Fierst said that it appeared that the birds, which ranged from babies to adults, hadn't been fed for days. Detective Bureau supervisor Lt. Diedrich Hohn said it appeared the woman had been dead for a few days. "She was aRead More
SBA offers disaster assistance to residents affected by Bridgeport (CT) condo fire
Connecticut businesses and residents affected by the condominium fire in Bridgeport on Dec. 31 may apply for low-interest disaster loans from the U.S. Small Business Administration, SBA Administrator Maria Contreras-Sweet announced today. Read the article………Read More
Firefighters Douse Manchester Condo Blaze
A fire at a Buckland Street condominium complex Wednesday displaced residents of three units, but no one was injured, a fire official said. Read the article…………..Read More
Some displaced by massive Bridgeport (CT) condo fire receive surprise assistance
All 120 residents of what was a 36-unit condominium complex on Bridgeport's Charles Street were displaced by a New Year' Eve morning fire. None were injured, but all are hurting. Many families packed the Social Services office in Bridgeport Monday,Read More
Smoke Detectors Were Disabled in Bridgeport Fire That Killed Toddler, Injured 5
Just days after a condo building fire displaced 120 people in Bridgeport on New Year's Eve, the community is mourning the death of a 3-year-old girl in an apparent stove fire Sunday that ravaged a condo unit and hospitalized fiveRead More
3-Year-Old Girl Dies In Overnight Fire In Bridgeport (CT) Condo
A 3-year-old girl died in a massive fire in her Bridgeport condo early Sunday despite efforts by her neighbors and firefighters to save her, according to NBC Connecticut. Read the article…………Read More
2016 brings hope to Bridgeport families devastated by fire
Hope for a New Year and new beginnings to the nearly 140 victims who lost everything but their lives on the last day of 2015, when when a fire consumed the 36-unit condominium complex at 215 Charles St. Read theRead More
Details released in case of alleged felony larceny, fraud at Plainville (CT) condo complexes
Two men accused of defrauding more than two dozen condominium associations were arraigned in Bristol Superior Court Monday. Dereck Cutone, 26, of 76 Chestnut St., Bristol, was charged with conspiracy to commit second-degree larceny. Donald Neff , 46, of 255Read More
Condo complex fire prompts large evacuation (CT)
A large-scale evacuation was ordered after a fire broke out in a condominium complex early Sunday. Read the article……….Read More
Trump Parc residents silent on request to drop GOP candidate's name from Stamford (CT) building
A day after members of Fairfield County's Muslim community asked the developers of downtown's Trump Parc to remove the GOP presidential candidate's name from the building, it remained unclear whether the request would be honored or even considered. Read theRead More
Third man charged in connection to theft from Plainville, Bristol, condo associations
A third man faces charges in connection to a case involving the reported theft of more than $275,000 from two dozen condominium associations in Plainville and Bristol. Read the article………Read More
City Orders Waterfront Access Restored (CT)
City Building Official Jim Turcio has given a City Point condo association until next week to repair and reopen a boardwalk so neighbors can walk along the harbor—as the condo association was legally required to do more than two decadesRead More
Condo management company owner, employee arrested after funds disappear (CT)
An investigation into missing condo funds has led to the arrest of two defunct property management company employees. Police said they arrested 36-year-old Devin Hill, the former owner of D&H Management. Read the article………Read More
Homeowners association treasurer may avoid prison (CT)
The former president and treasurer of the 94-member Arbor Ridge Homeowners Association in Torrington is expected to be sentenced today in Litchfield Superior Court to a suspended prison term along with a promise to pay back the rest of whatRead More
Stamford (CT) Condo Fire Displaces 5 Residents
Five residents of a Cove Road condominium complex were displaced after fire damaged walls and a part of the roof Sunday night. Stamford Firefighters prevented the spread of a fire in the walls at the two-story complex at 637 CoveRead More
Watertown (CT) Police arrest suspected embezzler
Police have arrested a woman they say embezzled approximately $50,000 over three years from a condominium association. Read the article……….Read More


text:
Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
Published byDoreen Boone Modified about 1 year ago
14-1 CHEM 312: Part 2 Lecture 14 Plutonium Chemistry Readings §Pu chemistry àhttp://radchem.nevada.edu/classes/rdch 710/files/plutonium.pdfhttp://radchem.nevada.edu/classes/rdch 710/files/plutonium.pdf §Challenges of Pu chemistry àhttp://radchem.nevada.edu/classes/rdch 710/lanl Pu book/LASCIENCE.PDFhttp://radchem.nevada.edu/classes/rdch 710/lanl Pu book/LASCIENCE.PDF Nuclear properties and isotope production Pu in nature Pu solution chemistry Separation and Purification Atomic properties Metallic state Compounds Isotopes from 228≤A≤247 Important isotopes § 238 Pu 237 Np(n, ) 238 Np * 238 Pu from beta decay of 238 Np *Separated from unreacted Np by ion exchange àDecay of 242 Cm à0.57 W/g àPower source for space exploration *83.5 % 238 Pu, chemical form as dioxide *Enriched 16 O to limit neutron emission Ø6000 n s -1 g -1 Ø0.418 W/g PuO 2 à150 g PuO 2 in Ir-0.3 % W container
14-2 Metallic Pu Interests in processing-structure- properties relationship Reactions with water and oxygen Impact of self- irradiation Density19.816 g·cm −3 Liquid density at m.p.densitym.p.16.63 g·cm −3 Melting point912.5 KK Boiling point3505 KK Heat of fusion2.82 kJ·mol −1kJ·mol −1 Heat of vaporization333.5 kJ·mol −1kJ·mol −1 Heat capacity(25 °C) 35.5 J·mol −1 ·K −1 Formation of Pu metal Ca reduction Pyroprocessing §PuF 4 and Ca metal àConversion of oxide to fluoride àStart at 600 ºC goes to 2000 ºC àPu solidifies at bottom of crucible §Direct oxide reduction àDirect reduction of oxide with Ca metal àPuO 2, Ca, and CaCl 2 §Molten salt extraction àSeparation of Pu from Am and lanthanides àOxidize Am to Am 3+, remains in salt phase àMgCl 2 as oxidizing agent * Oxidation of Pu and Am, formation of Mg *Reduction of Pu by oxidation of Am metal
14-3 Pu metal Electrorefining §Liquid Pu oxidizes from anode ingot into salt electrode §740 ºC in NaCl/KCl with MgCl 2 as oxidizing agent àOxidation to Pu(III) àAddition of current causes reduction of Pu(III) at cathode àPu drips off cathode Zone refining (700-1000 ºC) §Purification from trace impurities àFe, U, Mg, Ca, Ni, Al, K, Si, oxides and hydrides §Melt zone passes through Pu metal at a slow rate àImpurities travel in same or opposite direction of melt direction §Vacuum distillation removes Am §Application of magnetic field levitates Pu http://arq.lanl.gov/source/orgs/nmt/nmtdo/AQarchive/98fall/magnetic_ levitation.html
14-4 Pu phase stability 6 different Pu solid phases §7 th phase at elevated pressure §fcc phase least dense Energy levels of allotropic phases are very close to each other §Pu extremely sensitive to changes in temperature, pressure, or chemistry Densities of allotropes vary significantly § dramatic volume changes with phase transitions Crystal structure of allotropes closest to room temperature are of low symmetry §more typical of minerals than metals. Pu expands when it solidifies from a melt Low melting point Liquid Pu has very large surface tension with highest viscosity known near melting point Pu lattice is very soft vibrationally and very nonlinear
14-5 Pu metal phases Low symmetry ground state for phase due to 5f bonding §Higher symmetry found in transition metals f orbitals have odd symmetry §Basis for low symmetry (same as p orbitals Sn, In, Sb, Te) §odd-symmetry p orbitals produce directional covalent-like bonds and low-symmetry noncubic structures Recent local density approximation (LDA) electronic- structure calculations show narrow width of f bands leads to low-symmetry ground states of actinides §Bandwidths are a function of volume. ànarrower for large volumes
14-6 Pu metal phase atomic-sphere approximation calculations for contributions to orbitals fcc phase If Pu had only f band contribution equilibrium lattice constant would be smaller than measured Contribution from s-p band stabilizes larger volume f band is narrow at larger volume (low symmetry) strong competition between repulsive s-p band contribution and attractive f band term induces instability near ground state density-of-states functions for different low-symmetry crystal structures §total energies for crystal structures are very close to each other
14-7 Pu metal phase f-f interaction varies dramatically with very small changes in interatomic distances §lattice vibrations or heating f-f and f-spd interactions with temperature results in localization as Pu transforms from α- to δ-phase Low Pu melting temperature due to f-f interaction and phase instability §Small temperature changes induce large electronic changes §small temperature changes produce relatively large changes in free energy Kinetics important in phase transitions
14-8 For actinides f electron bonding increases up to Pu Pu has highest phase instability At Am f electrons localize completely and become nonbonding At Am coulomb forces pull f electrons inside valence shell 2 or 3 electrons in s-p and d bands For Pu, degree of f electron localization varies with phase
14-9 Pu phase transitions demonstrates change in f-electron behavior at Pu
14-10 Metallic Pu Pu liquid is denser than 3 highest temperature solid phases §Liquid density at 16.65 g/mL §Pu contracts 2.5 % upon melting Pu alloys and phase §Ga stabilizes phase §Complicated phase diagram
14-11 Phase never observed, slow kinetics
14-12 Metallic Pu Other elements that stabilize phase §Al, Ga, Ce, Am, Sc, In, and Tl stabilize phase at room temperature §Si, Zn, Zr, and Hf retain phase under rapid cooling Microstructure of phase due to Ga diffusion in cooling Np expands and phase region phase stabilized at room temperature with Hf, Ti, and Zr Pu eutectics §Pu melting point dramatically reduced by Mn, Fe, Co, or Ni àWith Fe, mp=410 °C, 10 % Fe àUsed in metallic fuel §Limit Pu usage (melting through cladding) Interstitial compounds §Large difference in ionic radii (59 %) §O, C, N, and H form interstitial compounds
14-13 Modeling Pu metal electronic configuration Pu metal configuration 7s 2 6d 1 5f 5 §From calculations, all eight valence electrons are in conduction band, §5f electrons in α-plutonium behave like 5d electrons of transition metals than 4f of lanthanides Bonding and antibonding orbitals from sum and differences of overlapping wavefunctions §Complicated for actinides àSmall energy difference between orbital can overlap in solids àAccounts for different configurations
14-14 Metallic Pu Modeling to determine electronic structure and bonding properties §Density functional theory àDescribes an interacting system of fermions via its density not via many-body wave function à3 variables (x,y,z) rather than 3 for each electron *For actinides need to incorporate ØLow symmetry structures ØRelativistic effects ØElectron-electron correlations §local-density approximation (LDA) àInclude external potential and Coulomb interactions àapproximation based upon exact exchange energy for uniform electron gas and from fits to correlation energy for a uniform electron gas §Generalized gradient approximation (GGA) àLocalized electron density and density gradient Total energy calculations at ground state
14-15 Relativistic effects Enough f electrons in Pu to be significant §Relativistic effects are important 5f electrons extend relatively far from nucleus compared to 4f electrons §5f electrons participate in chemical bonding much-greater radial extent of probability densities for 7s and 7p valence states compared with 5f valence states 5f and 6d radial distributions extend farther than shown by nonrelativistic calculations 7s and 7p distributions are pulled closer to ionic cores in relativistic calculations
14-16 Pu metal mechanical properties Stress/strain properties §High strength properties bend or deform rather than break àBeyond a limit material abruptly breaks *Fails to absorb more energy α-plutonium is strong and brittle, similar to cast iron §elastic response with very little plastic flow §Stresses increase to point of fracture §strength of unalloyed α-phase decreases dramatically with increasing temperature àSimilar to bcc and hcp metals. Pu-Ga δ-phase alloys show limited elastic response followed by extensive plastic deformation §low yield strength §ductile fracture For α-Pu elastic limit is basically fracture strength Pu-Ga alloy behaves more like Al §Fails by ductile fracture after elongation
14-17 Pu mechanical properties Tensile-test results for unalloyed Pu §Related to temperature and resulting change in phases Strengths of α- and β-phase are very sensitive to temperature §Less pronounced for γ- phase and δ-phase data represent work of several investigators §different purity materials, and different testing rates àAccounts for variations in values, especially for α-Pu phase
14-18 Pu metal mechanical properties Metal elastic response due to electronic structure and resulting cohesive forces §Metallic bonding tends to result in high cohesive forces and high elastic constants àMetallic bonding is not very directional since valence electrons are shared throughout crystal lattice àResults in metal atoms surrounding themselves with as many neighbors as possible *close-packed, relatively simple crystal structures Pu 5f electrons have narrow conduction bands and high density- of-states §energetically favorable for ground-state crystal structure to distort to low-symmetry structures at room temperature §Pu has typical metal properties at elevated temperatures or in alloys
14-19 Pu metal corrosion and oxidation Formation of oxide layer §Can include oxides other than dioxide §Slow oxidation in dry air àGreatly enhanced oxidation rate in presence of water or hydrogen Metal has pyrophoric properties Corrosion depends on chemical condition of Pu surface §Pu 2 O 3 surface layer forms in absence or low amounts of O 2 àPromotes corrosion by hydrogen Pu hydride (PuH x, where 1.9 < x < 3) increases oxidation rate in O 2 by 10 13 PuO 2+x surface layer forms on PuO 2 in presence of water §enhances bulk corrosion of Pu metal in moist air
14-20 Pu oxidation in dry air O 2 sorbs on Pu surface to form oxide layer Oxidation continues but O 2 must diffuse through oxide layer §Oxidation occurs at oxide/metal interface Oxide layer thickness initially increases with time based on diffusion limitation At oxide thickness around 4–5 μm in room temperature surface stresses cause oxide particles to spall §oxide layer reaches a steady-state thickness àfurther oxidation and layer removal by spallation Eventually thickness of oxide layer remains constant
14-21 steady-state layer of Pu 2 O 3 at oxide-metal interface §Pu 2 O 3 thickness is small compared with oxide thickness at steady state §Autoreduction of dioxide by metal at oxide metal interface produces Pu 2 O 3 àPu 2 O 3 reacts with diffusing O 2 to form dioxide Oxidation kinetics in dry air at room temperature
14-22 ln of reaction rate R versus 1/T §slope is proportional to activation energy for corrosion reaction Curve 1 oxidation rate of unalloyed plutonium in dry air or dry O 2 at a pressure of 0.21 bar. Curve 2a to water vapor up to 0.21 bar §Curves 2b and 2c temperature ranges of 61°C–110°C and 110°C– 200°C, respectively Curves 1' and 2' oxidation rates for δ-phase gallium-stabilized alloy in dry air and moist air Curve 3 transition region between convergence of rates at 400°C and onset of autothermic reaction at 500°C Curve 4 temperature-independent reaction rate of ignited metal or alloy under static conditions §rate is fixed by diffusion through an O 2 -depleted boundary layer of N 2 at gas-solid interface Curve 5 temperature-dependent oxidation rate of ignited droplets of metal or alloy during free fall in air Arrhenius Curves for Oxidation of Unalloyed and Alloyed Plutonium in Dry Air and Water Vapor
14-23 Oxide Layer on Plutonium Metal under Varying Conditions corrosion rate is strongly dependent on metal temperature §varies significantly with isotopic composition, quantity, geometry, and storage configuration steady-state oxide layer on plutonium in dry air at room temperature (25°C) §(a) Over time, isolating PuO 2 -coated metal from oxygen in a vacuum or an inert environment turns surface oxide into Pu 2 O 3 by autoreduction reaction §At 25°C, transformation is slow àtime required for complete reduction of PuO 2 depends on initial thickness of PuO 2 layer àhighly uncertain because reaction kinetics are not quantified above 150°C, rapid autoreduction transforms a several micrometer-thick PuO 2 layer to Pu 2 O 3 within minutes §(b) Exposure of steady-state oxide layer to air results in continued oxidation of metal Kinetic data indicate a one-year exposure to dry air at room temperature increases oxide thickness by about 0.1 μm At a metal temperature of 50°C in moist air (50% relative humidity), corrosion rate increases by a factor of approximately 10 4 §corrosion front advances into unalloyed metal at a rate of 2 mm per year 150°C–200°C in dry air, rate of autoreduction reaction increases relative oxidation reaction §steady-state condition in oxide shifts toward Pu 2 O 3,
14-24 Rates for Catalyzed Reactions of Pu with H 2, O 2, and Air Plutonium hydride (PuHx) §fcc phase §forms a continuous solid solution for 1.9 < x < 3.0 àPu(s) + (x/2)H 2 (g) → PuH x (s) §x depends on hydrogen pressure and temperature Pu hydride is readily oxidized by air Hydriding occurs only after dioxide layer is penetrated §Hydrogen initiates at a limited hydriding rates values are constant §indicate surface compounds act as catalysts hydride sites are most reactive location §Hydriding rate is proportional to active area covered by hydride Temperatures between –55°C and 350°C and a H 2 pressure of 1 bar §reaction at fully active surface consumes Pu at a constant rate of 6–7 g/cm 2 min §Advances into metal or alloy at about 20 cm/h
14-25 Hydride-Catalyzed Oxidation of Pu hydride-coated Pu exposed to O 2 §oxidation of PuH x forms surface layer of oxide with heat evolution Produced H 2 reforms PuH x at hydride- metal interface §Exothermic, helps drive reaction sequential processes in reaction §oxygen adsorbs at gas-solid interface as O 2 §O 2 dissociates and enters oxide lattice as anionic species §thin steady-state layer of PuO 2 may exist at surface §oxide ions are transported across oxide layer to oxide-hydride interface àoxide may be Pu 2 O 3 or PuO 2–x (0< x <0.5) §Oxygen reacts with PuH x to form heat (~160 kcal/mol of Pu) and H 2
Similar presentations
© 2017 SlidePlayer.com Inc.
All rights reserved.


text:
Browse Awards
Quick Search
|Award Name
|IOE-Conicyt Chile
|The IOE and Conicyt Chile offer jointly-funded scholarships for masters degrees in education.
Nationality: Chilean
Host Countries: Unrestricted
|International Academic Merit Scholarships
|Bachelor degree first year and transfer students will be awarded academic merit scholarships at time of admission. This is...
Nationality: Unrestricted
Host Countries: United States
|TURKEY: 50% Tuition Waiver for International Students at Kadir Has University
|Graphic Design, Broadcasting, Public Relations...
|50% tuition waiver for qualified undergraduate and graduate students:
Undergraduate level: high school GPA at least 70%, national and international high...
Nationality: Unrestricted
Host Countries: Turkey
|Ben-Gurion University Undergraduate Research Travel Grant
|Every semester, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU) offers two travel grants of $2,500 to highly qualified students from North...
Nationality: American and Canadian
Host Countries: Israel
|Bogigian Scholarship For Armenian Students
|A tuition scholarship will be offered to a full-time female, residential undergraduate student attending Wilson College. Recipients must be...
Nationality: Armenian
Host Countries: United States
|International P.L.U.S.
|Technology, Science, Physics...
|The fellowship is open for international Ph.D. students (besides CIS countries) who come to taught course(s) or research internship to...
Nationality: Kosovo, South Sudanese, ...
Host Countries: Russia
|Master in International Security Studies (MISS)
|Geography, Political Science, Liberal Arts/Humanities...
|Master in International Security Studies (MISS) is a two-year English-language Master's degree program, which offers students a complex guide through...
Nationality: Unrestricted
Host Countries: Czech Republic
|MS and Phd Scholarship, South Korea
|Computer & Information Systems and Communications
|From Dept. of IT Convergence, Kumoh National Institute of Technology (KIT), is recruiting graduate students (Master and Doctoral student)...
Nationality: Unrestricted
Host Countries: Korea, South
|E-Waste Scholarship
|This scholarship helps students understand the impact of e-waste and what can be done to reduce e-waste.
Who may enter: High...
Nationality: American
Host Countries: Unrestricted
|Digital Privacy Scholarship
|This scholarship helps students understand why they should be cautious about what they post on the Internet.
Who may enter: High...
Nationality: American
Host Countries: Unrestricted
|Don't Text and Drive Scholarship
|This scholarship helps students understand the risks of texting while driving.
Who may enter: High school freshmen, sophomores, juniors or seniors;...
Nationality: American
Host Countries: Unrestricted
|Technology Addiction Awareness Scholarship
|This scholarship helps students understand the negative effects of too much screen time.
Who may enter: High school freshmen, sophomores, juniors...
Nationality: American
Host Countries: Unrestricted
|Purple Scholarships 2014
|10 summer scholarships for English mother-tongue students
Nationality: Unrestricted
Host Countries: Unrestricted
|Violet Scholarships 2014
|Liberal Arts/Humanities, Languages/Linguistics, Creative Writing...
|Italian language courses for foreigners
Nationality: Unrestricted
Host Countries: Italy
|Chris Meyer Memorial French Scholarship
|Scholarship Overview
Christopher Meyer (1980-2009) was an outstanding member of Abbey Road's French Homestay Summer Programs Staff in 2002 and 2003....
Nationality: Unrestricted
Host Countries: France
|Green Ticket Scholarship
|Fine Arts, Languages/Linguistics, Culinary Arts...
|Scholarship Overview
Our Green Ticket Community Service Scholarships are designed to reward students who demonstrate an outstanding commitment to the environment...
Nationality: Unrestricted
Host Countries: Spain, Italy and France
|$500 Level Summer Enrichment Fellowships
|Languages/Linguistics, Culinary Arts, ESL & English Language...
|Summer Enrichment Fellowships are Abbey Road's most popular Student Ambassador award. Designed to promote study abroad and cross-cultural awareness through...
Nationality: Unrestricted
Host Countries: United States, Spain, Italy and France
|Türkiye Scholarships Postgraduate Programme
|Türkiye Scholarships Postgraduate Programmes are full government funded programmes for successful international students from all over the world for postgraduate...
Nationality: Unrestricted
Host Countries: Unrestricted
|Pocketbook-Zookal Scholarship
|The Pocketbook-Zookal Scholarship For Entrepreneurs is open to all students who are
Currently enrolled in a university course or tertiary course.
Nationality: Unrestricted
Host Countries: Unrestricted
|International Students Scholarship Award at Alcanta International College
|In support of the AIC Mission, Vision and Goals, and to create educational opportunities at AIC for international students of...
Nationality: Unrestricted
Host Countries: China
|Hessnatur Scholarship
|ESMOD Berlin is pleased to call for applications for the hessnatur Scholarship to attend the International Masters Programme - Sustainability...
Nationality: Unrestricted
Host Countries: Unrestricted
|The Malaysia International Scholarship (MIS) is an initiative by the Malaysian Government to attract the best brain from around the...
Nationality: Unrestricted
Host Countries: Malaysia
|University of Canterbury PhD Scholarship
|Engineering and Biology/Life Sciences
|This PhD scholarship is to support a student for three years to investigate the microbial digestion of abalone and the...
Nationality: Unrestricted
Host Countries: New Zealand
|Sarder Scholarship Program
|Technology, Web Design & Development, Computer & Information Systems...
|NetCom Learning is proud to announce the Sarder Scholarship Program. Every month, the Sarder Scholarship will be awarded to one...
Nationality: Unrestricted
Host Countries: United States
|Oxford Royale Academy Scholarships
|Candidates will be assessed on the following areas:
Academic Potential (Personal Statement and Teacher Recommendation), 50% weight; Academic History (Previous Examination...
Nationality: Unrestricted
Host Countries: Unrestricted


text:
- February 26: Judge Dismisses Ford Power Steering Lawsuit news | 1 days ago
- February 11: Ford Wins $3 Million Ford Ranger Lawsuit on Appeal news | 16 days ago
- February 1: Ford Sudden Deceleration Lawsuit Aims At Throttle Body System news | 26 days ago
- January 26: Ford Recalls F-150, Focus and C-MAX recalls | 32 days ago
- January 13: Ford Recalls 816,000 Vehicles to Replace Takata Airbag Inflators recalls | 45 days ago
Transmission Failure
2003 Ford Explorer (Page 4 of 4)
This problem may be covered under warranty. Ask your Ford dealer.
CarComplaints.com Notes: The 2003 Ford Explorer one of our worst vehicles on record. "Avoid like the plague" is putting it lightly.
The 2002-2005 Explorer has a very well-established record of expensive transmission failure at under 100k miles. The Explorer has an enclosed transmission which is typically replaced with a rebuilt transmission at a cost of almost $3,000.
Another common problem for the 2002-2003 Explorer is wheel bearing failure at around 90k miles, with a typical repair bill of $500 to $1000 depending on how many wheel bearings failed.
Adding insult to injury, the 2002-2005 Explorer also has a massive problem with the rear panel cracking. While it's a minor annoyance compared to transmission failure, ironically the crack usually goes right through the Ford logo.
9.2really awful
- Typical Repair Cost:
- $2,638.00
- Average Mileage:
- 100,889 miles
- Total Complaints:
- 79 complaints
Most Common Solutions:
- replace/rebuild transmission (59 reports)
- not sure (12 reports)
- rebuild / replace transmission (4 reports)
- belt/clutch repair (2 reports)
- rebuild transmission (2 reports)
transmission problem
Helpful websites
- Burn It - 1st.use a burning agent,2nd. lite burning agent from safe distance,3rd let ford explorer burn.4th. blame fire on ford.OPTIONAL:contact ford dealer first,any shit,refer to step 1 thru 4.