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Landmark Lesson Plan: Man and Materials through History
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1 Landmark Lesson Plan: Man and Materials through History Grades: 9-12 Subject areas: Chemistry, Materials Science, Polymers and History Based on The Development of Bakelite, a National Historic Chemical Landmark The following inquiry-based student activities are designed for use in high school lesson planning. The handout, video and activities will help students gain insight into the connection between materials science and cultural and technological developments, specifically relating to the development of the world s first synthetic plastic, Bakelite. The discovery of Bakelite marked the beginning of the Age of Plastics. The activities are designed as a ready-to-go lesson, easily implemented by a teacher or his/her substitute to supplement a unit of study. In chemistry, the activities relate to the definition of polymers and polymerization reactions. In history, the themes are the periods of human history and the chronology of technological and materials science developments. All resources are available online at While these activities are thematically linked, each is designed to stand alone as an accompaniment for the handout and video. Teachers may choose activities based on curricular needs and time considerations. Take a few minutes to introduce the lesson with a few conversation starters. Almost anyone can name a dozen familiar products that are made in whole or in part from polymers: smart phones; appliances; containers for beverages, toiletries, and foods; toys; sports gear; automobile parts; cookware; wiring insulation; shopping bags; etc. But some are less visible: medical implants (pacemakers and lenses for cataracts), construction materials (wire insulation, carpets and paints), etc. Modern society is reliant upon the materials we have at hand, and the development of plastics has made many of the lifestyle improvements of the 20 th and 21 st century possible. Show the video Plastics go Green (9 min.). Have students read the handout on Man and Materials through History. Distribute the Activities selected for the class. After class use the Answer Guide for student feedback and discussion. Student Activities with Objectives Recognizing Polymers: Classifying Everyday Materials Students explore their beliefs about what polymers are using familiar examples. Students learn that polymers, both natural and man-made, are all around us. Technology Timeline: Chronology of Materials Using the handout, students place the various material developments on a timeline to give them some perspective of how long ago various technologies came into existence. Polymer Structures Students gain an idea of what some of the monomer subunits actually look like and how they bond together chemically. (10-20 min.) (10-15 min.) (25-30 min.) American Chemical Society Office of Public Affairs National Historic Chemical Landmarks
2 Man and Materials through History Human history is shaped by the materials we develop and use. Some 5,000 years ago, humans learned how to turn copper and tin ore into metallic bronze, and the Stone Age became the Bronze Age. Nearly two thousand years later, humans learned to turn iron oxide into iron and steel and the Bronze Age became the Iron Age. Today, we do more than mix and modify natural materials to improve them. We create entirely new materials by manipulating the structure of chemicals. This era was inaugurated in 1907 by Leo H. Baekeland, inventor of the first synthetic plastic, Bakelite. Human history is tied to the materials past cultures have had available to them, and more recently to the materials we ve been able to create. Ancient cultures began their existence making use of the stone, soil, plants and bones found in their local environments. The only metals available to these cultures were native metals like gold and copper that are found in rare instances in metallic form directly from the Earth. For nearly 2.3 million years, humans lived using only these naturally occurring and easily obtained materials in a period known as the Stone Age. Around 3000 BCE, a technique of producing metal from mineralrich ores was developed and the Bronze Age started. Cultures learned to produce copper and later alloys such as bronze (a mixture of the elemental metals copper and tin) by smelting. The technique uses heat and chemical reactions to produce metal from the more complex mixture of minerals found in ore. These metals were useful for their strength and ability to be shaped. They replaced stone as the most important material for tool making and artwork. The discovery of a method for producing iron and steel (an alloy of iron and carbon) from ore was developed around 1200 BCE, and the Iron Age began. Making iron is a more complicated smelting process than that for copper and bronze. It requires a more consistent temperature and therefore a greater mastery of furnace technology. Steel tools and weapons are nearly equal in weight to those made of copper and bronze, however they are stronger, making steel a more desirable material. As cultures grew more technologically capable, they gradually developed some of the familiar tools and technologies we know today. Agriculture, a key development in the progress of human history, has been practiced since at least BCE. The wheel was developed around 4000 BCE, and the first writing systems, cuneiform and hieroglyphics, developed about 500 years later. The earliest method for producing glass from the melting of sand and other quartz-based minerals, developed around 2500 BCE. Around 500 CE, the Middle Ages began to take form. The American Chemical Society National Historic Chemical Landmarks Discover more stories and activities about chemistry s history at introduction of paper to Europe (first developed in China around 200 CE) and invention of the printing press in 1450 were important technological developments in this period of time. By the 1500s, cultures entered the Early Modern period, when trade and technology reached new levels of complexity. The Industrial Revolution began around 1760 and marked the introduction of a new period of scientific and technological breakthroughs, including the development of steam power, factory manufacturing and the use of iron and cement as structural materials. More recent milestones include the development of synthetic plastics around 1900 and the identification of the first synthetic nanomaterial, the carbon fullerene, in As these new materials have been developed, they ve made new products and technologies such as computers, spacecraft and robotics possible. The growth of materials science and introduction of new materials in each age of history has made technological advances and new cultural practices possible.
3 Polymers in History The Polymer Age is also called the age of plastics. "Plastic" (from the Greek "plastikos," meaning moldable) is the popular term for a variety of synthetic, or manmade, polymers. Polymers are very large molecules giants in the molecular world comprised of smaller molecules called monomers ( poly means many, while mono means one). Most polymers, but not all, consist of monomers that are similar to each other and joined together in a straight chain, like a long string of pearls. Thousands of polymers exist in nature. The most plentiful natural polymer in the world is cellulose, the major structural material of trees and other plants. The proteins that make up our bodies are polymers too, including deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the material that carries the genetic codes for all living creatures. Origins of polymer science Chemists did not fully understand or identify polymers until the turn of the 19 th century. But as early as 1861, the British chemist Thomas Graham had noted that when he dissolved organic compounds in solutions, some of them (cellulose, for instance) would leave sticky residues when passed through fine filter paper. These compounds could not be purified into a crystalline form. Graham thought such substances represented an entirely different class of matter. He called them "colloids," after "kolla," the Greek word for glue, another material that could not penetrate filters. Many 19 th century scientists modified colloids and natural polymers to form new materials. In 1870, the American inventor John Wesley Hyatt produced an astonishing new product called celluloid. Celluloid is a plastic made from natural cellulose, and it could be used for everything from movie film to billiard balls. Celluloid and other early plastics were made from existing natural materials. The next step the creation of completely synthetic plastics was still to come. Development of Bakelite Around 1907, Belgian-born American chemist Leo H. Baekeland took two ordinary chemicals, phenol and formaldehyde, mixed them in a sealed vessel, and subjected them to heat and pressure. The sticky, amber-colored resin he produced was the first plastic ever to be created entirely from chemicals, and the first material to be made entirely by man. Bakelite could be molded quickly into different shapes, an enormous advantage in mass production processes, and retained its shape even when heated or subjected to solvents. Buttons made from Bakelite. Courtesy Gregory Tobias/Chemical Heritage Foundation. Bakelite was particularly suitable for the emerging electrical and automobile industries because of its extraordinarily high resistance not only to electricity, but to heat and chemical action. It was soon used for all non-conducting parts of radios and other electrical devices, such as light bulb sockets, distributor caps and other insulators. Bakelite found a place in almost every area of modern life. From novelty jewelry to radios and telephones, Bakelite was everywhere. Ultimately, Bakelite was replaced by other plastics that had greater qualities of strength, flexibility and appearance. However Baekeland's new material opened the door to the Age of Plastics and seeded the growth of worldwide production of synthetic plastics that are just as familiar to us as wood or metal. Most of the plastics we know today are made from petroleum. Like Bakelite, these plastics are extremely resistant to natural decomposition. Recycling is a process that breaks down and reuses some types of plastics and other materials to make new products. The numbers found on the underside of many plastic products are used to sort them for recycling. The numbers correspond to the composition of different plastics for example polyethylene and styrene. In the current era of sustainability, scientists hearken back to the earliest man-made polymers by developing new plastics based on natural, renewable materials like vegetable oil or corn starch. Material scientists hope these plastics will have equivalent properties to petroleum-based plastics, but with environmental benefits. American Chemical Society National Historic Chemical Landmarks Discover more stories and activities about chemistry s history at
4 Student Name: Date: _ Period: Recognizing Polymers: Classifying Everyday Materials 1. In the table below, choose whether you think each material is a polymer or a non-polymer. Mark P for materials you believe are polymers or NP for materials you believe are not polymers. If you are unsure, write U. My Choice My Choice My Choice Salt Styrofoam Polyethylene Hair Fingernails DNA Sugar Paper Muscle Nylon Vinegar Cellulose Baking soda Silk Silver Rayon Wool Iron Glass Silly Putty Plastic milk jug Wood Gold Neon 2. Once everyone had made their choices your teacher will lead a class discussion about each of the types of materials. Record the reasons for the type of classification of each substance. Class Consensus Reasoning Salt Hair Sugar Nylon Baking soda Rayon Glass Wood Polyethylene DNA Muscle Styrofoam Fingernails Paper
5 Vinegar Silk Wool Silly Putty Gold Silver Iron Plastic milk jug Cellulose Neon
6 Student Name: Date: _ Period: Technologies of the Ages: A Timeline of Development There are many ways to describe the history of mankind. One way is by tracking the major developments in technology. History is shaped by the materials we use and by the technology we have to create them. Directions: Use the handout provided to place the following events on the history timeline. Events Stone Age Age of Plastics Glass production Bronze Age Industrial Revolution Invention of wheel Middle Ages Writing Agriculture Modern Age Copper smelting Paper production Iron Age Printing press Nanotechnology History Timeline Ages of History Time Technological Developments BCE BCE BCE BCE BCE BCE 9000 BCE 8000 BCE 7000 BCE 6000 BCE 5000 BCE 4000 BCE 3000 BCE 2000 BCE 1000 BCE 0 BCE 1000 CE 2000 CE
7 Student Name: Date: _ Period: Building Polymers Polymers are chains of smaller molecules called monomers. The monomers fit together like toy pop beads. The physical and chemical properties of the polymer depends on the type of monomers that make it up. There are many examples of natural polymers in nature. Proteins, for example, are chains of amino acid monomers. The type of protein (such as hair, or muscle) depends on the kind and number of amino acid monomers in the chain. Most polymer chains are huge, and are classified as macromolecules. The long chains can have a molecular mass (the mass of all the atoms in a molecule in atomic mass units) in tens or hundreds of thousands or more, depending on the type of polymer and how it was formed. Some typical monomers: 1. In the space below, draw a short section of at least three repeating units of the following polymers, based on the chart above. Polyvinyl chloride: Polystyrene
8 Polymerization In the exercise above we simply added the monomers together using the open bonds on each end. But what kind of chemical reaction is involved in actually making bonds? Consider joining the two glycine molecules below. They can bond when the OH (hydroxyl) group on the right side of the first molecule combines with one of the H atoms connected to the N atom of the second molecule. The H and the OH combine to form water. This type of reaction is called a condensation reaction because two or more separate units come together to make something dense. Because a molecule of water is lost in each bond, it is also called a dehydration reaction. 2. Write a balanced chemical equation that shows the two glycine molecules joined together by a condensation reaction. Make sure to include all reactants and end products. Notice that one end of the chain has an open -OH group and the other end has a free -NH 2 group. We can use these open groups to add more glycine molecules to the chain. 3. Now draw a chain of at least two glycine molecules connected to each other below, with the appropriate number of water molecules resulting from the condensation reaction. This is just one example of the kinds of chemical bonds that can join monomers together to make polymers.
9 Man and Materials Through History Answer Guide Recognizing Polymers: Classifying Everyday Materials 1. In the table below, choose whether you think each material is made from polymers or not. Mark P for materials you believe are polymers or NP for materials you believe are not polymers. If you are unsure, write U. Student answers may vary. 2. Once everyone had made their choices your teacher will lead a class discussion about each of the types of materials. Record the reasons for the type of classification of each substance. The idea of this lesson is to give students an appreciation for the many polymers that are all around us. There are many examples of synthetic polymers that are used in a wide variety of consumer products plastics we are familiar with such as toys and soda bottles. But there are also many natural polymers, including things like wood, hair, skin, and silk. Class Consensus Reasoning NP Salt Table salt is a simple molecule, sodium chloride. P Hair A natural polymer made of amino acid monomers. NP Sugar Table sugar (sucrose) is made of two molecules, glucose and fructose. P Nylon A manmade polymer of two repeating subunits. NP Baking soda A simple molecule, sodium hydrogen carbonate (also called sodium bicarbonate). P Rayon A modified natural cellulose polymer. NP Glass Glass is mostly silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ). P Wood Mostly made of cellulose, a natural polymer. P Polyethylene A manmade, synthetic polymer, and the most common plastic. P DNA Genetic polymer made of repeating nucleic acids. P Muscle Made of protein, a natural polymer of amino acids. P Styrofoam Made from polystyrene, a synthetic polymer. P Fingernails Made of protein, a natural polymer of amino acids. P Paper Made mostly of cellulose, a natural polymer. NP Vinegar A simple solution of water and acetic acid. P Silk A natural polymer of amino acids. P Wool A natural polymer of amino acids. P Silly Putty A synthetic, silicone-based polymer. NP Gold A pure chemical element, made of only one type of atom. NP Silver A pure chemical element, made of only one type of atom. NP Iron A pure chemical element, made of only one type of atom. P Plastic milk jug Mostly made of high-density polyethylene, a synthetic polymer. P Cellulose The most common natural polymer, made of glucose. NP Neon A pure chemical element, made of only one type of atom.
10 Man and Materials Through History Answer Guide Technologies of the Ages: A Timeline of Development In this activity you will use the handout provided to place the following events one a history timeline. Place the following ages of history and technological developments on the timeline. History Timeline Ages of History Time Technological Developments BCE BCE BCE BCE Stone Age BCE BCE Agriculture (10000 BCE) 9000 BCE 8000 BCE 7000 BCE 6000 BCE 5000 BCE Bronze Age (6000 BCE to 200 CE) 4000 BCE Wheel (4000 BCE) Writing (3500 BCE) 3000 BCE Glass (2500 BCE) 2000 BCE Iron Age (1200 BCE to 200 CE) 1000 BCE 0 BCE Middle Ages (200 CE) 1000 CE Paper (200 CE) Modern (1500 CE) Polymer Age (1900 CE) 2000 CE Printing press (1450 CE) Industrial Revolution (1760 CE) Plastics (1907 CE) Nanotechnology (1985 CE)
11 Man and Materials Through History Answer Guide Building Polymers 1. In the space below, draw a short section of the following polymers, based on the chart above. Polyvinyl chloride: Polystyrene 2. Write a balanced chemical equation that shows the two glycine molecules joined together by a condensation reaction. Make sure to include all reactants and end products. C 2 H 5 NO 2 + C 2 H 5 NO 2 = C 4 H 8 N 2 O 3 + H 2 O 3. Now draw a chain of at least two glycine molecules connected to each other below, with the appropriate number of water molecules resulting from the condensation reaction.
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L'expresso Coffee Machine
Guide price: £200
Last updated on 18th Jul 2010
Tags: kitchen electrical coffee machines
L'expresso Coffee Machine
Sophisticated technology together with ease of use- enables you to make the finest espresso or cappuccino you have ever tasted. L'Expresso, auto coffee flow stop with Brita filter cartridge, Auto descale programme, descale warning light, water hardness setting, removable reservoir, one/two cup coffee holder, accepts coffee pods, pre-brewing function, cup warming plate, 2 hour auto shut-off, cappucino venturi-spout, vario s/steel thermo boiler, 15 bar pressure pump, touch control with neons, stainless steel fascia - Gold seal service 2 year guarantee.
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de Nicaragua] "Nicaragua" was coined by
the Spanish explorer Gil González Dávila after Nicarao,
a leader of an indigenous community inhabiting
the shores of Lake
Nicaragua, and agua,
the Spanish word for "water."
By Honduras, Costa
Total Area
59,998 sq mi (129,494 sq km)
Greatest Distance N-S 293 mi (472 km)
Greatest Distance E-W 297 mi (478 km)
Coastline 512 mi (824 km)
Highest Point Cordillera Isabella; 8,000
ft ( 2,438 m)
Lowest Point sea level
Natural Resources gold, timber,
hydropower and geothermal power potential
Population (July 2014 est) 5,848,641
Largest Cities Managua, Butterfield,
Chinandega, Granada, Jimotega, Leon, Masaya,
Matalgalpa, Rivas
Ethnic Groups Mestizo, white, black,
Religions Roman Catholic
Languages Spanish (official),
English, indigineous
Form of Government republic
Present Constitution Adopted
Chief of State and Head of Government President
Jose Daniel Ortega Saavedra (since January
10, 2007)
Cabinet Council of Ministers appointed
by the President
Legislature unicameral National Assembly
(Asamblea Nacional)
Judiciary Supreme Court (Corte
Suprema de Justicia)
Local Administration 15 departments, 2
autonomous regions, 153 municipalities
Per Capita Income $4,500
Industries agriculture, cattle,
forestry, fishing, retail, tourism, government
Agricultural Products coffee, bananas,
sugarcane, cotton, rice, corn, tobacco, sesame,
soya, beans; beef, veal, pork, poultry, dairy
Export Commodities coffee,
shrimp and lobster, beef, sugar, industrial
goods, gold, bananas
Import Commodities consumer
goods, machinery and equipment, raw materials,
petroleum peoducts
Independence Achieved
September 15, 1821
From Spain
National Holiday
Flag three equal
horizontal bands of blue, white, and blue with
the national coat of arms centered in the white
band; the coat of arms features a triangle
encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on
the top and AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom; the
banner is based on the former blue-white-blue
flag of the Federal Republic of Central America;
the blue bands symbolize the Pacific Ocean and
the Caribbean Sea, while the white band
represents the land between the two bodies of
Costa Rica
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2 Section 65 & 65 A substituted for section 65 ((w.e.f. 14.05.2003) by s. 159 of the Finance Act, 2003 (32 of 2003)
6 section 65 not applicable w.e.f.1-7-2012 vide Notification No.20/2012-ST, dated 5-6-2012.
(92) "scientific or technical consultancy" means any advice, consultancy or scientific or technical assistance rendered in any manner, either directly or indirectly, by a scientist or a technocrat or any science or technology institution or organization, 1[to any person], in one or more disciplines of science or technology;
1 Substituted (w.e.f. 16.05.2008) by s. 90 of the Finance Act, 2008 (18 of 2008).
(93) "securities" has the meaning assigned to it in clause (h) of section 2 of the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956 (42 of 1956);
(94) "security agency" means any 2[person] engaged in the business of rendering services relating to the security of any property, whether movable or immovable or of any person, in any manner and includes the services of investigation, detection or verification, of any fact or activity, whether of a personal nature or otherwise, including the services of providing security personnel;
2 Substitued (w.e.f. 01.05.2006) by s. 68 of the Finance Act, 2006 (21 of 2006).
(95) "service tax" means tax leviable under the provisions of this Chapter; 3 [(95a) "share transfer agent" means any person who maintains the record of holders of securities and deals with all matters connected with the transfer or redemption of securities or activities incidental thereto;]
3 Inserted (w.e.f. 01.05.2006) by s. 68 of the Finance Act, 2006 (21 of 2006).
(96) "ship" means a sea-going vessel and includes a sailing vessel;
4[(96a) "ship management service" includes,-
4 Inserted (w.e.f. 01.05.2006) by s. 68 of the Finance Act, 2006 (21 of 2006).
(97) "shipping line" means any person who owns or charters a ship and includes an enterprise which operates or manages the business of shipping;
1[(97a) "site formation and clearance, excavation and earthmoving and demolition" includes, -
1 Inserted (w.e.f. 16.06.2005) by s. 88 of the Finance Act, 2005 (18 of 2005).
2[(98) "sound recording" means recording of sound on any media or device including magnetic storage device, and includes services relating to recording of sound in any manner such as sound cataloguing, storing of sound and sound mixing or re-mixing or any audio post-production activity;]
2 Substituted (w.e.f. 16.06.2005) by s. 88 of the Finance Act, 2005 (18 of 2005).
(99) "sound recording studio or agency" means any 3[person] engaged in the business of rendering any service relating to sound recording;
3 Substituted (w.e.f. 01.05.2006) by s. 68 of the Finance Act, 2006 (21 of 2006).
4[(99a) "sponsorship" includes naming an event after the sponsor, displaying the sponsor's company logo or trading name, giving the sponsor exclusive or priority booking rights, sponsoring prizes or trophies for competition; but does not include any financial or other support in the form of donations or gifts, given by the donors subject to the condition that the service provider is under no obligation to provide anything in return to such donors;]
4 Inserted (w.e.f. 01.05.2006) by s. 68 of the Finance Act, 2006 (21 of 2006).
(100) "steamer agent" means any person who undertakes, either directly or indirectly, --
5[(101) "stock broker" means a person, who has either made an application for registration or is registered as a stock-broker 6[****]in accordance with the rules and regulations made under the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992 (15 of 1992);
5 Substituted (w.e.f. 10.09.2004) by s. 90 of the Finance (No. 2) Act, 2004 (23 of 2004).
6 Omitted (w.e.f. 01.09.2009) by s.113 of the Finance (No 2) Act, 2009 (33 of 2009).
(102) "storage and warehousing" includes storage and warehousing services for goods including liquids and gases but does not include any service provided for storage of agricultural produce or any service provided by a cold storage;
1[(103) [Omitted]
1 Omitted (w.e.f. 10.09.2004) by s. 90 of the Finance (No. 2) Act, 2004 (23 of 2004).
2[(104) [Omitted]
2 Omitted (w.e.f. 01.06.2007) by s. 135 of the Finance Act, 2007 (22 of 2007).
3[(104a) "survey and exploration of mineral" means geological, geophysical or other prospecting, surface or sub-surface surveying or map making service, in relation to location or exploration of deposits of mineral, oil or gas;]
3 Inserted (w.e.f. 10.09.2004) by s. 90 of the Finance (No. 2) Act, 2004 (23 of 2004).
4[(104b) "survey and map-making" means geological, geophysical or any other prospecting, surface, sub-surface or aerial surveying or map-making of any kind, but does not include survey and exploration of mineral;]
4 Inserted (w.e.f. 16.06.2005) by s. 88 of the Finance Act, 2005 (18 of 2005).
5[(104c) "support services of business or commerce" means services provided in relation to business or commerce and includes evaluation of prospective customers, telemarketing, processing of purchase orders and fulfilment services, information and tracking of delivery schedules, managing distribution and logistics, customer relationship management services, accounting and processing of transactions,
5 Inserted (w.e.f. 01.05.2006) by s. 68 of the Finance Act, 2006 (21 of 2006).
6[Operational or administrative assistance in any manner], formulation of customer service and pricing policies, infrastructural support services and other transaction processing.
6 Substituted (w.e.f 1-5-2011 by s.74 of the Finance Act, 2011 (8 of 2011).
Explanation.-For the purposes of this clause, the expression "infrastructural support services" includes providing office along with office utilities, lounge, reception with competent personnel to handle messages, secretarial services, internet and telecom facilities, pantry and security;]
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Badgers' Season Ends At Hands of Rebels
Wisconsin battled back after trailing by 12 at the break. But after falling behind by five in the second half, a Kevin Kruger-led Rebel run got UNLV out in front for good. Kammron Taylor led the Badgers with 24 points and Alando Tucker added 17 as the duo along with Jason Chappell played their final games in a Wisconsin uniform. Further coverage to come.
Badger Nation Top Stories
Commitment Impact - Mason PlatterWisconsin taps into Menomonie (WI) High for the third straight season for a scholarship player. What are the Badgers getting in outside linebacker Mason Platter? We examine the…
Badger Nation12:54 AM
Commitment Impact - Boyd DietzenOne of the top high school programs in the country, Kimberly (WI) High is sending its third scholarship player to Wisconsin in two years with defensive end Boyd Dietzen. We examine…
Badger Nation12:54 AM
Platter makes three in a day for UWMenomonie (Wis.) linebacker Mason Platter talks about his decision to commit to Wisconsin only one day after receiving an offer.
Scout FootballYesterday at 1:29 PM
Dietzen Pops for WisconsinWisconsin taps into the Kimberly (WI) High School pipeline once again, as the Badgers land defensive end Boyd Dietzen Monday.
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Doctor Answers (1) on Red,black spots on face
Dr. Manoj Agarwala
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- Casual Dining
- Teen Appeal
Santana and Labbate plan to open their second restaurant named Vaca in the Fall of 2015. They will offer traditional Spanish cuisine with a creative twist and a wide variety of steaks from grass fed Argentinean beef to true Japanese Kobe. Focusing on small and shared plates, Santana plans to create an adventurous menu including paella, bocadillos (Spanish sandwiches), cured Spanish meats and an assortment of house-made charcuterie. The restaurant, which will seat 125, will serve lunch and dinner. The decor will feature an open kitchen, a wood-burning grill and two outdoor patios. Continuing the excellence of Broadway's cocktail program, the bar will specialize in craft cocktails, specialty gin and tonics, house sangrias and unique Spanish wines. Announcing a BRAND NEW COCKTAIL LIST at Vaca, in addition to NEW TAPAS just released! Make sure to come by and try out all the new items.
695 Town Center Dr, Costa Mesa, CA, United States
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ST. LOUIS (AP) - The NFL is abandoning St. Louis again, and this time, the mayor has no interest in trying to bring pro football back.
DENVER (AP) - Stephen Curry was just about unstoppable in the fourth quarter, except near the very end.
WINNIPEG, Manitoba (AP) - Tyler Myers admitted he let his frustration get the best of him.
HONOLULU (AP) - To compare Jordan Spieth with Tiger Woods is not a mistake because Spieth does it all the time.
NEW YORK (AP) - Cy Young Award winners Jake Arrieta of the Chicago Cubs and Dallas Keuchel of the Houston Astros were among 156 players who filed for salary arbitration Tuesday and are set to swap proposed figures with their teams this week unless they agree to contracts.
NEW YORK (AP) - LaMarcus Aldridge had 25 points and 11 rebounds as the San Antonio Spurs extended their winning streak to eight with a 106-79 victory Monday night over Brooklyn in the Nets' first game since an organizational shake-up.
ZURICH (AP) - Now score it Lionel Messi 5, Cristiano Ronaldo 3.
When Jason Kidd left the bench for the operating table, some NBA coaches understood exactly how he felt.
CINCINNATI (AP) - Bengals linebacker Vontaze Burfict was suspended for the first three games of next season as the NFL began handing down punishments on Monday for an ugly wild-card playoff game.
ENGLEWOOD, Colo. (AP) - The Denver Broncos are still smarting from their most recent encounter with the Pittsburgh Steelers.
CHARLOTTE, N.C. (AP) - The Carolina Panthers no longer appear apprehensive about playing the two-time defending NFC champion Seattle Seahawks.
Just get in is the mantra of NFL teams as they chase playoff berths. Wild-card weekend displayed why that philosophy works.
LOS ANGELES (AP) - The NFL has never been closer to ending its 21-year absence from the city that staged the first Super Bowl and supported several teams in several leagues through several decades of professional football.
NFL owners will try again to settle the issue of relocation to Los Angeles, this time knowing that Commissioner Roger Goodell has declared the stadiums inadequate in Oakland, St. Louis and San Diego.
CALGARY, Alberta (AP) - Logan Couture's long, frustrating wait for his first goal of the season is finally over.
Page 178 of 902
SANTA CLARA (AP) - The Seattle Seahawks are stumbling into the playoffs instead of peaking as usual at this time of year.
DENVER (AP) - Spoiler is an unfamiliar role for Von Miller and Chris Harris Jr., who get to see what it's like to play for ...
ALAMEDA (AP) - Suspended Oakland Raiders pass rusher Aldon Smith will not be reinstated by the NFL this season.
CLEVELAND (AP) - Kyrie Irving scored 32 points and made two critical layups before leaving with a leg injury and Kevin Love scored 30, helping the ...
ALAMEDA (AP) - When the Oakland Raiders played the Denver Broncos the first time this season, they relied heavily on the run.
SANTA CLARA (AP) - The 49ers players realize significant changes could be coming after one of the worst seasons in franchise history.
SANTA CLARA (AP) - It took just two NFL seasons for Trent Brown to go from questionable prospect to a building block.
ALAMEDA (AP) - Plenty has changed around the Oakland Raiders between starts at quarterbacks by Matt McGloin.
PORTLAND, Ore. (AP) - CJ McCollum scored 20 points and the Portland Trail Blazers snapped a six-game losing streak with a 102-89 victory over the Sacramento ...
OAKLAND (AP) - The Golden State Warriors played one of their most dominant quarters to start the game, building a 25-point lead. Then, there were turnovers ...
Page 25 of 25
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Silverlight TV 53: T Minus 2 Weeks to the Silverlight Firestarter
Download this episode
Only two weeks remain until the Silverlight Firestarter.
In this video, John and Scott Guthrie discuss the upcoming Silverlight Firestarter and what the folks watching it online and in person should expect to see and hear. The event kicks off with a keynote presented by Scott and the session agenda takes the audience on journey, showing how to develop business applications in Silverlight.
Relevant links:
- John's blog and on Twitter (@john_papa)
- Scott's blog and on Twitter (@scottgu)
Follow us on Twitter @SilverlightTV or on the web at http://silverlight.tv
Register now for the Silverlight Firestarter, Dec 2, 2010!
Available formats for this video:
Actual format may change based on video formats available and browser capability.
More episodes in this series
Silverlight TV 54: New Silverlight Training Series
Related episodes
Migrate Azure IaaS Solutions from ASM to ARM Using migAz, Part 2
Migrate Azure IaaS Solutions from ASM to ARM Using migAz, Part 1
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Azure Virtual Machines - Scaling VM Scale Sets
Azure CDN with Akamai
Azure App Certificate
Azure Networking Fridays 10/14/2016
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Scaling Azure Container Service
The Discussion
Any word on Silverlight TV ?
I mean, Silverlight running on the TV, the big screen in the house? It could complete the "3 screens and the cloud" vision Microsoft has right now.
Silverlight running on the XBox would really strike agains Google TV apps. Don't be last with apps for the TV, be first!
@CKurt definite bump on that.. using the xbox as a base for silverlight on the TV makes so much sense, you'd instantly get a large install base, no need for people to get yet another box, and the value for xbox would be so much higher.. i really really hope microsoft doesnt let this one slip by
I really looking forward to this event. I'm glad that I registered to attend in person.
Somewhere an Apress exec is really happy and a Wrox exec (who actually hired MS employees to write their books) is super p#ssed.
Cannot download the high quality mp4 file. Everything else is working fine
HUGE +1 to Silverlight apps on XBOX!
lol re wrox/Apress. I noticed that too. :)
SL is Still aLive! hurray!! Thanks for the free telerik controls. Bob..
My take: make a next gen x box that has the following:
1 Blue Ray drive
2 Cable card slots
3 SIlverlight runtime
4 the rest of the stuff the 360 has but updated with new hardware specs.
5 support 3d - i am not really looking for 3d but i see that more as "keeping up" with whats beeing marketed now.
BOOM! there ya go! the consumer does not need to buy a blue ray player and does not have to get a cable box for tv just plug in a cable card and hookup the hdmi ports and you are good to go.
@CKurt: +1 on expanding Silverlight to TV. At least a more formal way of doing that. Today you can build Silverlight apps targetting Media Center. I'd like to see a shared app store between Media Center, XBox and perhaps other devices. It would be interesting to know if anything came of that partnership with Intel and Broadcom to get Silverlight on their SOC solutions.
Our company invested heavily in Silverlight and in Microsoft, building our site in Silverlight 4 - www.snipey.com.au. It looks great, has great content but we miss 50% of the browsers because many refuse to install the plug in. Is it worth the pain? no, it does not. On top of that, during the last year, we got the iPad Apple guided bomb and, recently, the Muglia guided bomb, HTML 5. Enough is enough for us. Silverlight as a web technology is dead unless a dramatic shift in MS strategy is evident (e.g. MS purchase of Adobe or bundling Silverlight with Windows). We hope that the next Firestarter will ignite that.
Channel9,I like it :-)
re: Lee
>>> we miss 50% of the browsers because many refuse to install the plug in.
I would never, ever dare produce/develop/invest resources in a public-facing website in Silverlight. It's OK to use Silverlight for intranet/extranet websites.
Re footbar >>> I would never, ever dare produce/develop/invest resources in a public-facing website in Silverlight.
Yep, we know that now but in 2009 we thought SL has a future as a web technology. As Muglia said 'our strategy has shifted'. So did ours.
Comments closed
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Hotels in Schnepfau
Viewing all hotels.
Haus KatharinaHirschau 46, 6882, SchnepfauSituated in Schnepfau, 2 km from the Mellau-Damüls Ski Lift, Haus Katharina offers rooms and self-catering accommodations with free WiFi, a garden with a sun terrace, free ski storage and free bicycles. Free parking spaces can be found on site.Rates: EUR 38.00 - 0.00Stars: Rooms: 3
Haus FeuersteinHnr. 141, 6882, SchnepfauSituated peacefully in the centre of Schnepfau, Haus Feuerstein offers apartments with a fully equipped kitchenette and access to a garden with deck chairs.Rates: EUR 48.00 - 96.00Stars: Rooms: 2
Haus Kanisblick AppartementsHirschau 21, 6882, SchnepfauLocated in Schnepfau in the Bregenz Forest, Haus Kanisblick offers spacious apartments set in a modern building. Guests benefit from free internet access and flat-screen cable TVs in all apartments.Rates: EUR 90.00 - 120.00Stars: Rooms: 5


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Hotels in Bekes
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Hotels in Bekes are spread around the city within the distance of 13.3 kilometers, while 1 hotels are located directly in the city center. The most popular accommodations in Bekes is
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STRICTLY, this is not the final Budget which the chancellor will be presenting before the General Election in May 2015. However, in practice, by Budget 2015, an imminent election will reduce the scope for authentic tax reforms as, quite understandably, each coalition party will wish to be seen as having much more distinctive tax agendas.
From an overall perspective, I consider that Budget 2014 has achieved the right balance between continuing to restore the UK's fiscal position, incentivising key areas of the economy and some radical personal tax reforms.
Focusing firstly upon personal taxation, the increase in the personal allowance to £10,500 in 2015/16 was widely anticipated and the chancellor has not yielded to the calls for an increase in the basic rate income tax band by more than, a frankly derisory, 1% to £31,785 in 2015/16. It is not difficult to predict that more substantial increases in the basic rate band will become an important issue in the election manifestos.
I am confident that the key ministers and shadow ministers are well aware that the UK is increasingly out of step with its competitors on the income tax liabilities faced by lower and middle management and many professionals in both the public and private sectors. In the USA, such individuals would face a 25% rate and even in highly taxed France would face a 30% rate.
There was little in the Budget on either capital gains tax or inheritance tax but these taxes have become contentious areas between the coalition parties, so there were few anticipated material reforms in Budget 2014.
Bold savings reform
We are delighted with the chancellor's bold relaxations of the rules concerning both ISA investment and the incomes drawn from pension schemes.Indeed, we lobbied HM Treasury for the introduction of some of the key changes.
The withdrawal of the requirement to buy an annuity ought to be welcomed universally. There has been an understandable trend in recent years for individuals to prefer savings in ISAs rather than in SIPPS.
The changes recognise that it should not be for the state to determine how individuals choose how to spend their pension funds on retirement unless they could fall back on the taxpayer for support if they made imprudent decisions. The introduction of the new flat rate, single-tier state pension of (at least) £150 from April 2016 will ensure that most people will have pensions above the level of state support so there is no longer any reason for the state to control how and when individuals wish to draw their accumulated pension savings, and free choice should be preferred.
Down to business
Turning to business taxation, we called for the introduction of a much more generous annual investment allowance and we welcome the doubling of the annual limit to £500,000 until December 2015. We are confident that this measure will accelerate investment by many medium sized businesses with broader advantages to the economy as a whole.
We also supported the call for the abolition of the long haul rates of airline passenger duty and, by doing so, the Government has demonstrated its willingness to act where competing countries (in this case, principally France, Germany and Holland for long haul travel) have more attractive tax regimes.
So far as the anti-avoidance measures are concerned, we consider that these achieve a fair balance between protecting the tax base, reducing the scope for the marketing of abusive schemes (which generally fail in the tax courts anyway) but not wrongly attacking authentic tax planning strategies.
Stephen Herring is head of taxation at the Institute of Directors (IoD)
Related reading
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At HMRC, Dmitri Surendran was responsible for leading the London team of the offshore, corporate and wealthy unit of the fraud investigation service
Fifth of micro-businesses unaware of Making Tax Digital
Research also finds that 84% of businesses believe that the government has not provided enough information about digital tax plans
Tax fraud loses HMRC £16bn
A total of £16bn was lost through tax fraud last year, according to estimates released by Pinsent Masons
The rising significance of inheritances
Rosamond McDowell looks at key changes to inheritance tax policy, which apply from April this year


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