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Used Convertible - 2009 Mazda MX-5 Miata in Bridgewater, Nj
Actual costs may vary.
Grand Touring Package, Automatic, Only 15,062 Actual Miles! Just serviced! 8 others to choose from! We are NJ's Miata Headquarters! We don't play games like our competitors and add on Certification charges, Prep fees and other BS charges. What you see is what you pay, nice and easy-how buying a car should be! No one sells more Sport Compact, Modern Classic and Special Interest vehicles than Bridgewater Acura! We ship Worldwide. Camaro's, M3'S, Mustang's, S2000'S, VIPER'S, STI'S, SRT'S, GTI'S, WRX'S, Mazdaspeed's, RX8'S, EVO'S, M3'S, AMG'S, V8, VTEC'S, Turbo's...If you can dream it, chances are we have it in stock!
- Power Windows
- Power Mirrors
- Cruise Control
- Air Conditioning
- Drivers Front Airbag
- Passengers Front Airbag
- (abs) Anti-lock Braking System
- Side Impact Air Bags
- Traction Control
- C.d. Player
- Premium Sound System
- Multi-function Steering Wheel
- Bose Stereo System
- Front Bucket Seats
- Leather Upholstery
- Heated Passenger Seat
- Leather Wrapped Steering Wheel
- Auto Dimming Mirror
- Homelink System
- Rear Defroster
- Fog Lights
- Heated Seat
- Airbags - Front - Dual
- Air Conditioning - Front - Single Zone
- Air Conditioning - Front
- Airbags - Front - Side
- Airbags - Passenger - Deactivation Switch
- Reading Lights Front
- Abs Brakes (4-wheel)
- Power Steering Speed-proportional
- Multi-function Remote Trunk Release
- Center Console Front Console With Armrest
- Power Outlet(s) 12v
- Driver Seat Manual Adjustments: Recline
- Windows Solar-tinted Glass
- Warnings And Reminders Lamp Failure Low Fuel Engine Oil Coolant
- Mirror Color Body-color
- Seatbelts Seatbelt Force Limiters: Front
- Exterior Mirrors Power
- Front Suspension Type: Double Wishbones
- Convertible Roof Manual
- Security Engine Immobilizer
- Windows Side Window Defogger
- Front Suspension Classification: Independent
- Convertible Roof Soft Top
- Passenger Seat Manual Adjustments: Recline
- Rear Bumper Color Body-color
- Body Side Reinforcements Side Impact Door Beams
- Convertible Roof With Wind Blocker
- Seats Cloth Upholstery
- Front Suspension Type: Strut
- Tachometer
- Seatbelts Seatbelt Pretensioners: Front
- Convertible Rear Window Glass
- Vanity Mirrors Dual
- Seats Front Seat Type: Bucket
- One-touch Windows: 1
- Windows Front Wipers: Dual-stage Intermittent
- Suspension Rear Gas Shock Absorbers
- Suspension Rear Coil Springs
- Suspension Front Spring Type: Coil Springs
- Power Windows: Front
- Suspension Stabilizer Bar(s): Front
- Suspension Stabilizer Bar(s): Rear
- Suspension Rear Coil Over Shock
- Suspension Front Shock Type: Gas Shock Absorbers
- Windows Rear Defogger
Major Accidents, Lemon History and Odometer Problems
» View The FREE CARFAX History Report
Visit our website or call us at 908-704-0300 for more financing information.
2009 Mazda MX-5 Miata ReviewThis car review is specific to this model, not the actual vehicle for sale.
The MX-5 Miata is Mazda's sleek convertible sports car for those who appreciate high performance mixed with a little well-engineered fun. The MX-5 Miata roadster comes in two basic configurations: a soft-top or a power retractable hardtop. Three transmissions are offered, a five-speed manual, a six-speed manual and a six-speed automatic with steering wheel mounted paddle shifters. The only engine available, a 2.0-liter, inline four-cylinder, comes in two power levels, one rated at 167 horsepower with either manual transmission, or 158 horsepower with the automatic. Standard safety equipment across the line comprises dual front airbags with passenger deactivation switch, side impact airbags, tire pressure monitoring and anti-lock brakes with electronic brake-force distribution; electronic stability and traction control is optional on the Grand Touring trim. For 2009, the MX-5 Miata has had a exterior styling refresh with new fascias, headlights, taillights and wheel designs; as well as some functional changes such as one extra horsepower for manual transmission models, improved fuel economy, improved suspension and some new standard equipment throughout the trim levels.
Route 22 West
Bridgewater, Nj. 08807
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4717 Ridgedale Drive
Plano, TX 75024
Reliable & Fast Plumbing Services
3115 W Parker Rd Plano, TX
4101 E Park Blvd # 150 Plano, TX
My mom will only use Abel Appliance Repair whenever she needs a repair done. She's used them for her garbage disposal, her oven, her a/c unit and the fridge. thanks for providing such great service guys5

subset: commoncrawl


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Don't forget, you have $50.00 on us
Use code GIFT50 for $50 off any first purchase over $400.
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Avon Spring Sparkler 7 pair earring set - NEW
Listed by Sharon O.
Price: $14.50
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New day - new pair of earrings! There is a style and color to match all your moods: faux pearls, faux stones and enamel look. These silvertone earrings come in a lovely gift box, ready for your next social event, or as a treat for you!
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A pyramid is a solid with one base and lateral faces that meet at a common vertex. The edges between the lateral faces are lateral edges. The edges between the base and the lateral faces are base edges.
A regular pyramid is a pyramid where the base is a regular polygon. All regular pyramids also have a slant height, which is the height of a lateral face. A non-regular pyramid does not have a slant height.
Surface Area
The net shows the surface area of a pyramid. If you ever forget the formula, use the net.
To find the volume of any solid you must figure out how much space it occupies. The basic unit of volume is the cubic unit.
What if you were given a solid three-dimensional figure with one base and lateral faces that meet at a common vertex? How could you determine how much two-dimensional and three-dimensional space that figure occupies?
Example 1
Find the slant height of the square pyramid.
The slant height is the hypotenuse of the right triangle formed by the height and half the base length. Use the Pythagorean Theorem.
Example 2
Find the surface area of the regular triangular pyramid.
"Regular" tells us the base is an equilateral triangle. Let's draw it and find its area.
The surface area is:
Example 3
Example 4
Find the height and then volume of the pyramid.
In this example, we are given the slant height. Use the Pythagorean Theorem.
Example 5
Find the volume of the pyramid with a right triangle as its base.
Example 6
Use the formula for volume and plug in the information we were given. Then solve for the height.
Fill in the blanks about the diagram to the left.
- \begin{align*}x\end{align*} is the ___________.
- The slant height is ________.
- \begin{align*}y\end{align*} is the ___________.
- The height is ________.
- The base is _______.
- The base edge is ________.
For questions 7-8, sketch each of the following solids and answer the question. Your drawings should be to scale, but not one-to-one. Leave your answer in simplest radical form.
- Draw a square pyramid with an edge length of 9 in and a 12 in height. Find the slant height.
- Draw an equilateral triangle pyramid with an edge length of 6 cm and a height of 6 cm. What is the height of the base?
Find the surface area and volume of the regular pyramid. Round your answers to the nearest hundredth.
- A regular tetrahedronhas four equilateral triangles as its faces.
- Find the height of one of the faces if the edge length is 6 units.
- Find the area of one face.
- Find the total surface area of the regular tetrahedron.
- If the surface area of a square pyramid is \begin{align*}40 \ ft^2\end{align*} and the base edge is 4 ft, what is the slant height?
- If the lateral area of a square pyramid is \begin{align*}800 \ in^2\end{align*} and the slant height is 16 in, what is the length of the base edge?
- If the lateral area of a regular triangle pyramid is \begin{align*}252 \ in^2\end{align*} and the base edge is 8 in, what is the slant height?
- The volume of a square pyramid is 72 square inches and the base edge is 4 inches. What is the height?
- The volume of a triangle pyramid is \begin{align*}170 \ in^3\end{align*} and the base area is \begin{align*}34 \ in^2\end{align*}. What is the height of the pyramid?
Review (Answers)
To see the Review answers, open this PDF file and look for section 11.5.


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11204 Railway Avenue East #2
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Phone: (306) 446-0646
Fax: (306) 445-3702
Toll Free: 1-800-265-1002
Are you looking for a small business tax accountant in North Battleford, Saskatchewan?
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In addition to filing your personal and farm or small business tax returns, we focus on year-round tax planning to provide tax saving strategies to save you the most money over the long term.
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We Come to You - Don't worry if you're not near one of our offices. We'll meet you any time at your home or business so you can spend more time on your business.


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Inside every human, and underneath a relatively thin gloss of civilization, is the ancient genetic code of a social pack predator that is not so very different from that of a wolf.
The very shape of our face informs us of what we are: a predator.
Why does this matter in the world of dogs? Simple: the mind of the dog and the mind of man are no so very different.
Just 20,000 years ago, we were both living wild and close to the bone. A snapped stick could mean either opportunity or danger.
A predator's brain is incredibly fast and robust as it has to judge velocity and distance, angle and size, probability and potential, and do it again and again in order to eat.
Neither dog nor man are well built for this modern world.
The speed of external change has eclipsed that of internal evolution.
What happens to a predator's brain when it is dropped into a world of Happy Meals and all you can eat bagged kibble? Does it stop firing off?
Not hardly.
The predator brain is constantly on the alert for clues and stimulus; the sound of a can opener, the click of a door, the scent of perfume, the rattle of a cup, the swish of a skirt, the greasy smell of a hamburger, the chime of an elevator.
As a consequence, both people and dogs seems to have epic levels of Attention Deficit Disorder.
What happens when the ADD mind of a dog meets the ADD mind of a human?
Often a great deal of misery!
When distracted people interact with distracted dogs, the result is inconsistent and poorly timed feedback. Connections, if made, are poorly reinforced. Frustration grows. Both sides get bored and begin to question the intelligence of the other.
What can be done?
From the beginning, dog training tools have been about conquering ADD both up and down the leash.
Oddly, two modern dog training tools, often set in opposition to each other, work in very similar ways.
One tool is a clicker, the other the e-collar remote.
The clicker's canine focusing mechanism is the promise of food.
The modern e-collar's canine focusing mechanism is an electronic tap on the shoulder.
One signal is saying "give me a little more of this."
The other is saying "give me a little less of that."
In both cases, however, what is being shaped is not just downward to the dog, but also upward to the human.
Look what happens when someone has a clicker or an e-collar remote in their hand.
Suddenly, they are focused. They are no longer flailing with their hands. They are no longer simultaneously talking and drinking while watching TV.
Instead, for at least a few minutes, the human is focused and sending just one signal to the dog rather than half a dozen.
And the signal that is being sent is both calm and assertive. You have the dog's attention, and they have yours, and you are both tuned to one channel without a lot of static.
A predator's brain is not built for too much of this. At least not at first.
Experience has shown that two or three 15-20 minute training sessions a day works better than one one-hour training session.
If asked to focus for too long, the ADD brain of both the dog and the human starts to drift off and edit out. Training both up and down the leash starts to degrade. For every two steps forward, the dog or the human may end up taking one or more steps back if an early training session goes on too long.
So what's the difference between the proper use of a clicker, and a well timed and properly delivered e-collar correction?
Not much, other than the obvious --- one signal is saying "give me a little more of that," and the other is saying "give me a little less of that."
There is place in the bag for both signals of course; something every dog trainer understands in theory, if not in practice.
But when it comes to both tools, too much attention is probably placed on the mechanics down the leash, and not enough on the mechanics up the leash.
It is not just the dog's ADD that is "trained away" with a clicker and an e-collar remote; it's the person holding the device as well.
Calm assertive dog training, with focused attention and consistency, combined with a daily exercise regime, cures quite a lot in the world of dogs. But it's not just the dog that is being trained with the tool, but the human as well. The ADD is on both ends of the leash.


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Joel 1GOD'S WORD Translation (GW)
The Prophet Joel
This is what the Lord said to Joel, son of Pethuel.
Judah Is Plagued with Locusts and Famine
2 Listen to this, you leaders!
5 Wake up and cry, you drunks!
8 Cry loudly like a young woman who is dressed in sackcloth,
13 Put on your sackcloth and mourn, you priests.
15 This will be a terrible day!
16 Food disappears right before our eyes.
19 O Lord, I cry to you for help!
GOD'S WORD Translation (GW)
Copyright © 1995 by God's Word to the Nations. Used by permission of Baker Publishing Group
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text:
Odion Ighalo was in action but did not get on the score sheet as 10-man Watford opened the new ...
Odion Ighalo was in action but did not get on the score sheet as 10-man Watford opened the new English Premier League campaign with a 1-1 away draw against Southampton on Saturday.
Record signing, Success Isaac, did not feature for Watford as he was ruled out with injury. Etienne Capoue gave Watford the lead before former Norwich forward Nathan Redmond drew Southampton level.
Southampton had the game's first chance on second minute but Heurelho Gomes was on hand to stop Dusan Tadic's free-kick and made another quick save off Virgil van Dijk.
Redmond almost made it 1-1 in the 58th minute as he cuts inside only to see his right-foot strike tipped away by Gomes.
Redmond finally got the equaliser for Southampton a minute later as he volleyed in Gomes' poor clearance.
With 10 minutes remaining, Ikechi Anya was introduced for Ighalo as Watford sought to plug the hole caused by Watson's dismissal. .
Redmond's goal ensured Claude Puel came away with a point from his first game in charge of Southampton, while Watford played the final 15 minutes a man down after Ben Watson's dismissal.


text:
2 thoughts on ""
Yes… it's an all out, last minute grab for anything tangible. While there were plenty of resources the issue of fiat currency wasn't a problem but as we begin to hit peak-everything, the value of everything increases exponentially when you attempt to tie the fiat to something real. The bankster elite know that the global financial system is nearing collapse, they need to get their hands on tangible wealth while their fiat monopoly money still counts for something.
The sad part is that they think it's legal and that they will get away with it. They do have a lot to learn about the upcoming events.


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UST 65 Gold Wood Shafts
- Medium-high launch angle
- Lightweight design for greater accuracy
- Best in value
The GOLD wood shafts are a new light weight shaft designed quite simply - to hit the ball farther with greater accuracy. The very same, advanced, high modulus carbon fiber materials used in the original PROFORCE models are used in the 65 GOLD. We believe this shaft offers the best value in the industry for a true high performance golf shaft.
This Item Also Goes Well With: Shaft Installation Tools & Supplies
Ferrules (Wood & Irons) Parallel Tip - 12 ct
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Use these shaft butt extensions for steel shafts to extend shafts and increase the length of club...More Details →
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The Oversize Graphite Shaft Extensions fit most of the thin walled Graphite Shafts. Grafalloy, US...More Details →
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Shim (.335-.350) - Perforated Adaptor Ferrule
WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW Adapts .350 hosel tip heads to .335 tip shafts Perforated design prevents ...More Details →
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WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW Tool to measure graphite shaft diameter (ID) 11 different size Also measur...More Details →
Ferrules (Wood) .350 Tip - 12 ct
Ferrules are required on metal clubheads with flat-topped (non-radiused) hosels to provide the ta...More Details →
Brass Shim (Universal Converter)
WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW Universal converter brass shim for woods or irons Adapts the following hos...More Details →


text:
- Anxiety
- Headache
- Shortness of breath
What causes anxiety, headache and shortness of breath? 5 possible conditions
See a list of possible causes in order from the most common to the least.
People who suffer from generalized anxiety disorder, or GAD, worry uncontrollably about common occurrences and situations. The condition may also be called chronic anxiety neurosis.GAD is different than normal feeling...
The recommended amount of caffeine is usually 400 mg per day for healthy adults. Caffeine overdose may occur if you ingest more than this amount.
This condition is considered a medical emergency. Urgent care may be required.
Learn how people often react to black widow spider bites. Read about how they can be treated and avoided.
Malignant hypertension is a rare and severe condition in which blood pressure is dangerously high. Learn more about symptoms and treatments.
A transfusion reaction is when your body has an adverse response to a blood transfusion. Learn how transfusion reactions occur and how to minimize your risk.
Please consult a healthcare professional if you have health concerns.
Click to add a symptom to your list
- Top Symptoms
Copyright © 2005 - 2017 Healthline Media. All rights reserved for Healthline. Healthline content is strictly informational and should not be considered medical advice. See a certified medical professional for diagnosis and treatment recommendations. Terms of Use | Privacy Policy


text:
Margaret A.WinkerMDIndividualAuthorPhil B.FontanarosaMD, Senior EditorsIndividualAuthor
In Reply.—Ms Hodge is concerned about inaccuracies and deficiencies in abstracts as they compromise indexing and thereby impair future retrieval of references. This is an important question, but it is not quite the one our research addressed. We were concerned that data in the abstract could be verified in the body of the article, whereas Hodge wants to be sure that important aspects of the article find their way into the abstract. In other words, we asked,
"Is what is in the abstract accurate?" and she asks, "Is what is important in the abstract?"
Pitkin RM. Improving the Accuracy of Abstracts in Scientific Articles—Reply. JAMA. 1998;280(24):2071. doi:10-1001/pubs.JAMA-ISSN-0098-7484-280-24-jbk1223
© 2017


text: Nicola-Jayne Coonan 14,771pages on this wiki Add New Page Edit History Talk0 Share This article is not part of the Harry Potter universe. This article covers a subject that is part of the real world, and thus should not be taken as a part of the Harry Potter universe. Nicola-Jayne Coonan Nicola-Jayne Coonan is a British actress who appeared as an extra in Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them.[1] Notes and references ↑ Nicola-Jayne Coonan's profile on Casting Call Pro Retrieved from "http://harrypotter.wikia.com/wiki/Nicola-Jayne_Coonan?oldid=1025475" Ad blocker interference detected! Wikia is a free-to-use site that makes money from advertising. We have a modified experience for viewers using ad blockers Wikia is not accessible if you've made further modifications. Remove the custom ad blocker rule(s) and the page will load as expected. Categories: Out of universe Actors (real-world) Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them actors Languages: Polski


text:
Ivy Crew Blue Camouflage Print Sleep Pants
30.0 -1- 14.99 -2- 50 -3- -4- -5- yes -6- -7- no
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Color: Blue
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Take the first step towards comfort when you put on these knit sleep pants from Ivy Crew. For the full effect, turn the fan on high and snuggle in for a solid night's rest. He'll love the elastic waist and contrast front drawstring which makes for easy dressing.
- Elastic drawstring waist
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- Blue camouflage print
- 100% cotton
- Machine washable
- Imported


text:
Question Bank Metal Trades Technology
- Gervase Giles Holt
- 1 years ago
- Views:
1 Question Bank Metal Trades Technology
3 Table of Contents Question Bank Metal Trades Technology...1 MATERIALS...1 BENCH WORK...11 MACHINE TOOLS, GENERAL...26 MACHINE ELEMENTS...36 BRAZING AND WELDING...64 HEAT TREATMENT...72 THREADS...77 TURNING...83 MILLING SHAPING AND PLANING DRILLING AND REAMING GRINDING MEASURING AND CHECKING i
4 ii
5 Question Bank Metal Trades Technology metal trades T.T.P Series No. 44 This Question Bank with its sections DEVELOPMENT CELL FOR SKILLED LABOUR TRAINING DIRECTORATE OF MANPOWER & TRAINING GOVERNMENT OF THE PUNJAB LAHORE MATERIALS, BENCH WORK, MACHINE TOOLS GENERAL, MACHINE ELEMENTS, BRAZING and WELDING, HEAT TREATMENT, THREADS, TURNING, MILLING, SHAPING and PLANING, DRILLING and REAMING, GRINDING, MEASURING and CHECKING covers all main aspects of technology relevant for trainees in the metal trades. It provides a multitude of questions to the Trade Testing Authorities and to teachers and instructors in Training Centres and undertakings and thus to a great extent relieves them of the time consuming work of again and again finding and compiling new questions for intermediate and final tests. Throughout this Question Bank multiple choice questions have been used, as only this type of questioning allows for a high degree of objectivity and for a time saving method of checking. Of great importance for the assessment is the fact that only one of the given answers is correct. For teachers and instructors a main advantage of this Question Bank is that not only can tests be set up in a very short time but that they can also be carried out within minutes (e.g. an intermediate test with 15 different questions on a special topic can be conducted within minutes). Thus it is much easier for the teacher to permanently maintain a clear picture of the knowledge of his students. The student himself is able to check his knowledge regularly and the whole series of questions may help him in preparing for the final test as well. DO NOT WRITE ON THE QUESTION SHEETS! ALWAYS USE A SEPARATE MARKING SHEET! This Question Bank was prepared and published under the Pakistan German Technical Training Programme in the DEVELOPMENT CELL FOR SKILLED LABOUR TRAINING 25 Amin Park, P.O. Ferozepur Road, Lahore. First edition: August 1978 Printed at: Istiqlal Press, Lahore Price: Rs. 15. MATERIALS Mat 1.1 Cast iron can be identified at the grinding wheel by its producing A. dark red interrupted sparks. B. a large number of yellow whitish sparks, branching and lighting. C. long continuous light red sparks. 1
6 D. a few continuous yellow sparks. Mat 1.2 When converting pig iron into steel A. the blast furnace is used. B. the content of carbon, sulfur and phosphorus must be increased. C. the pig iron is rolled into bars, pipes and sheets. D. the LD process (oxygen converter process) is applied for mass production. Mat 1.3 Iron carbide is A. a mixture of iron and graphite. B. a chemical compound of 3 atoms of iron and 1 atom of carbon. C. a molecule forming crystal in white pig iron. D. the main element in iron ore. Mat 1.4 The best protective coating of steel is achieved if it is covered with A. a layer of plain copper. B. a layer of copper followed by a layer of zinc. C. subsequent layers of copper, nickel and chromium. D. a layer of nickel which is polished and coated with lacquer. Mat 1.5 The application of oxygen in LD converters (oxygen converters) A. results in higher shares of scrap for steel making. B. makes a better fuel usage possible for the flame. C. reduces the wear of the air nozzle at the bottom of the converter. D. gives a longer processing time and allows an accurate analysis of the melt. Mat 2.1 Unalloyed steel with a carbon content of % C is suitable for A. welding constructions on bridges and ships. B. bars, ropes and wires in general engineering constructions. C. producing saw blades, scraper and files. D. gears, chains, spanners and levers. Mat 2.2 What is asbestos? A. A mineral B. A thermosetting plastic C. A material made of fibre glass and cement D. A thermoplastic E. A material made of graphite and lead Mat 2.3 Which of the following are the components of brass? 2
7 A. Copper and tin B. Copper and iron C. Magnesium and lead D. Copper and zinc E. Copper, nickel and zinc Mat 2.4 A steel with the denomination St 33 is A. a heat treatable steel. B. an unalloyed tool steel. C. an automatic steel. D. a mild steel. E. a special spring steel. Mat 2.5 A steel is called high alloyed steel if A. it contains at least 2 % chromium and 1 % nickel. B. it contains more than 5 % alloying elements C. it contains more than 1.7 % alloying elements D. it contains at least 0.9 % carbon and 2 % chromium. E. at least a hardness of 60 HRC can be achieved. Mat 2.6 Up to which temperature do cutting tools of cemented carbides preserve their cutting ability? A. 500 C B. 900 C C. 721 C D C E C Mat 3.1 Which statement about aluminium is incorrect? A. For the mechanical engineer the low weight and the resistance to corrosion are important. B. The building constructor finds important its wear resistance and brittleness. C. For the electrical engineer the electrical conductivity and resistance to corrosion are of much interest. D. The housewife likes the good heat conductivity and low weight of aluminium. Mat 3.2 Brass can be identified in a group of workpieces made of brass, copper, mild steel and aluminium by its A. light weight. B. dark red appearance. C. high ductility. D. forming short chips when cut on a machine tool. Mat 3.3 Which statement is incorrect? A. The electric furnace is used for refining steel. B. White pig iron is used for the production of steel. C. In the cupola furnace pig iron is converted into cast iron. D. Siemens Martin steel is produced with pure oxygen only. 3
8 Mat 3.4 Whether a drill is made of high carbon steel or high speed steel, can be checked by using A. a file for filing test. B. the spark test on a grinding wheel. C. the vernier caliper to measure the hole. D. the highest possible cutting speed until the drill gets blue and dull. Mat 3.5 Corrosion causes A. the formation of alloys on the surfaces of metal pieces. B. wear of guideways. C. a chemical compound of at least two metals reacting with air. D. destruction of metallic surfaces by means of chemical or electro chemical reactions. Mat 4.1 Which statement about brass is correct? A. It gets more brittle with decreasing copper content. B. It is an alloy of copper and tin. C. Brass is more ductile than copper. D. Brass castings are very ductile but show no good resistance to corrosion. Mat 4.2 In contrast to the Thomas Converter, in the LD converter A. an air oxygen mixture is used. B. oxygen supply is carried out through a pipe inside the converter. C. the temperature is relatively low. D. scrap cannot be utilized. Mat 4.3 Steel workplaces can be protected against corrosion by A. keeping other metals away from them. B. keeping bright surfaces free from rainwater and saltwater. C. covering the surface with a layer of lacquer, plastic or metals. D. greasing, when workpieces must stand atmospheric influence for a long time. Mat 4.4 The hardness of a metal cannot be checked by A. penetration of a file or saw blade. B. its sound when knocked. C. means of centre punch. D. the bending test. Mat 4.5 The connection of copper and aluminium sheets on the body of a lorry will cause A. permanent chemical corrosion of copper and aluminium. B. electro chemical corrosion as soon as dirty water reaches the connection. C. the destruction of copper. D. reactions between dirty water and aluminium. 4
9 Mat 5.1 Which statement about aluminium is incorrect? A. Aluminium is used for the construction of aeroplanes because of its low density. B. Aluminium is used for ship containers because of its resistance to corrosion. C. Aluminium is used for electric wiring because of its electric conductivity. D. Aluminium is used in the production of cooking pots because of its melting temperature. Mat 5.2 Which statement is incorrect? A. Lead is very heavy and resistant to acids. B. Zinc is used for water containers and complicated press castings. C. Aluminium is an ideal metal for construction of aeroplanes. D. Copper is used for castings and for steel alloys mainly. Mat 5.3 Which material has the designation St 33? A. Malleable cast iron with 3.3 % carbon. B. Malleable cast iron with a minimum tensile strength of 330 N/mm 2. C. Steel with a minimum tensile strength of 330 N/mm 2 D. Steel, for which a minimum tensile strength is not guaranteed (but lies between 330 to 550 N/mm 2 ). E. Mild steel with a carbon content of 0.33 %. Mat 5.4 What disadvantage have ceramic cutting materials as compared with cemented carbides? A. A shorter service life B. More expensive C. Higher sensitivity to shock D. Not suitable for heat treatable steels E. Not suitable for cutting synthetic materials and non ferrous metals Mat 6.1 Which of the following materials is the basic material in aluminium production? A. Silica sand B. Bauxite C. Cryolite D. Manganese ore E. Eternit Mat 6.2 The hardenability of steel is mainly dependent on the A. amount of oxygen. B. amount of sulfur. C. amount of silicone. D. amount of carbon. E. amounts of alloys. Mat 6.3 Which of the following materials is the best conductor of heat? 5
10 A. Porcelain B. Iron C. Glass D. Plastic E. Copper Mat 6.4 Materials breaking under stress without stretching considerably are: A. brittle B. hard C. strong D. heavy Mat 6.5 The most popular workshop method for testing materials is the spark test. For which of the following materials can this method not be used? A. High speed steel B. Highly alloyed tool steel C. Heat treatable steel D. Aluminium E. Stainless steel Mat 6.6 Main alloying element of high speed steel is A. sulphur B. nickel C. vanadium D. tungsten E. silicone Mat 7.1 Hardness is the ability of a material to A. return to the original shape after being bent. B. resist penetration. C. stand deformation (bending) without breakage. D. stretch before breakage. Mat 7.2 Zinc is used for A. electric wiring in heavy machines and transformers. B. plates of batteries. C. pottery. D. coating on steel sheets. Mat 7.3 Manganese is an alloying element which makes steel A. more wear resistant. B. molten at a higher temperature. C. ductile and useless for forging or bending. D. invariable in length (no extension) while heated up. 6
11 Mat 7.4 Grey pig iron is A. the basic material for steel castings. B. sent to the rolling mill. C. brittle because of its high graphite content. D. manganous and contains a considerable amount of iron carbides. Mat 7.5 Copper can be alloyed with A. aluminium for making brass. B. tin for making brass. C. aluminium resulting in strong and hard aluminium alloys. D. zinc so that solder is produced for zinc castings. Mat 7.6 Cooking pots are made of aluminium mainly because of its A. low density. B. resistance to corrosion. C. heat conductivity. D. melting temperature. Mat 8.1 The main advantage of plain carbon steel as compared with alloy steel is A. its better edge holding properties and resistance to corrosion. B. its hardness combined with ductility. C. its lower costs and simpler production. D. the possibility to get any properties desired. Mat 8.2 Increasing carbon content in steel A. results in better resistance to corrosion. B. improves the ductility of steel (forging, bending). C. reduces the possibility of hardening. D. reduces the melting temperature. Mat 8.3 How high is the amount of carbon of hardenable steel? A % C B % C C % C D % C E % C Mat 8.4 Which are the components of cemented carbides? A. Metal carbides (e.g. WC, TiC) with mostly cobalt as a binding agent. B. Iron carbide and tungsten as binding agent. C. Silicon dioxide and titanium as binding agent. 7
12 D. Aluminium oxide and iron carbide as binding agent. E. Calcium carbonate and cobalt carbide as binding agent. Mat 8.5 Which are the main components of ceramic cutting materials? A. Tungsten oxide B. Aluminium oxide C. Tungsten carbide and porcelain powder D. Cobalt carbide and magnesium oxide E. Carbon and aluminium oxide Mat 9.1 Which of the following processes allows for the production of very pure copper (99.8 %)? A. Roasting B. Sintering C. Blast processing D. Electrolysis E. Tempering Mat 9.2 The special property of steel with a high amount of chromium is A. good ductility. B. good casting properties. C. good machinability. D. good welding properties. E. high resistance against corrosion. Mat 9.3 What is the influence of carbon on the malleability of steel? A. The higher the contents of carbon, the lower the malleability. B. No influence. C. The higher the content of carbon the greater the malleability. D. The lower the contents of carbon, the higher the malleability. Mat 9.4 A copper sheet is heated up to 600 C and subsequently quenched. What is the result of the quenching? A. The copper sheet becomes soft. B. The copper sheet is hardened. C. The layer of roll scales cracks off. D. The electrical conductivity is increased. E. At the surface an anti corrosion layer is formed. Mat 9.5 Which of the following metals has the highest melting point? A. Copper B. Grey cast iron C. Steel D. Tin E. Tungsten 8
13 Mat 10.1 The hardness of a diamond is 100 HRC. Which is the greatest possible hardness that can be achieved for tool steels? A. 45 HRC B. 50 HRC C. 67 HRC D. 73 HRC E. 82 HRC Mat 10.2 Which statement concerning the thermal conductivity of synthetic materials as compared with metals is correct? A. The thermal conductivity of synthetics is approximately twice as high. B. The thermal conductivity of synthetics is approximately 100 times higher. C. The thermal conductivity of synthetics is equal to that of metals. D. The thermal conductivity of synthetics is considerably lower. E. The thermal conductivity of synthetics is half that of metals. Mat 10.3 Rust is a chemical compound of A. Iron and nitrogen. B. Iron, carbon and nitrogen. C. Iron, oxygen and nitrogen. D. Iron and oxygen. E. Iron and sulphur. Mat 10.4 Which alloying elements are added to steel to achieve a high resistance against corrosion? A. Vanadium and tungsten. B. Chromium and nickel. C. Molybdenum and titanium. D. Tungsten and titanium. E. Vanadium and molybdenum. Mat 10.5 Iron ore is A. iron mixed with slag. B. a chemical compound of iron and carbon. C. a chemical compound of iron, sulphur and phosphorous. D. iron oxide in various compositions. Mat 11.1 Which statement is correct? A. Steel is used for ropes because of its resistance to corrosion. B. Tungsten is used for wires inside the bulbs because of its ductility. C. Springs are made of steel because of its brittleness. D. Copper is used for electric wiring because of its conductivity. Mat
14 Which of the following elements particularly influences the malleability of steel? A. Carbon B. Manganese C. Silicone D. Hydrogen E. Phosphorous Mat 11.3 Which statement is incorrect? A. Stainless steel is used for medical instruments, car parts, sinks. B. High speed steel is used in the production of cutting tools. C. Cast iron can easily be melted but is brittle. D. Cast iron is used for levers under shocking stress. Mat 11.4 The density of steel is A. 7.2 kg/dm 3. B kg/dm 3. C. 8.3 kg/dm 3. D. 8.8 kg/dm 3. E. 8.9 kg/dm 3. Mat 11.5 Steel with the denomination St 50 is used for a special purpose. What does the number in this standard symbol indicate? A. Hardening stress in N/mm 2. B. Carbon content in percentage. C. One tenth of the tensile strength in N/cm 2. D. Minimum tensile strength in N/mm 2. E. Bending strength in N/mm 2. Mat 12.1 Which statement is incorrect? A. Stainless steel contains at least 12 % of chromium. B. High speed steel is an alloy with at least 8 % tungsten. C. Nickel increases the hardness of steel. D. Carbon decreases the melting temperature of steel. Mat 12.2 High speed steel retains excellent hardness at high temperatures because of its A. chromium and nickel content. B. manganese and nickel content. C. sulfur and tungsten content. D. tungsten and chromium content. Mat 12.3 Cast iron is used for 10
15 A. high quality gears B. beds, heavy steadies and pillars. C. general construction work. D. anvils, used in forging. Mat 12.4 Which of the elements given below is mostly used as binding agent for cemented carbides? A. Cobalt B. Tungsten C. Titanium D. Carbon E. Phosphorous Mat 12.5 In which method of hardness testing a diamond pyramid is pressed into the surface of the workpiece to be tested? A. Vickers hardness test B. Rockwell B test C. Rockwell C test D. Brinell test Mat 12.6 Hammers and files are not made of high alloy steel, because A. they need not be so hard. B. they are not used at high temperatures. C. their wear through usage is comparatively low. D. they need not be hardened. BENCH WORK BM 1.1 What happens if a soft material (pure aluminium) is cut with a hacksaw for steel? A. The spaces between the teeth will be blocked, the saw will stuck up. B. The teeth penetrate too deep into the material and break. C. The surface is damaged when the sawing operation is started. D. The teeth merely slide over the material and get blunt. BM 1.2 What is the correct name for this tool? A. Cone scraper B. Spoon scraper C. Triangular scraper D. Burring scraper E. Straight scraper BM
16 Which are the names of the three main parts of a hand file? A. Cut of file, file tip, edge of file. B. File handle, file tooth, file tip. C. File tang, file wedge, file handle. D. File tang, cut of file, file wedge. E. File blade, file tang, file handle. BM 1.4 For which of the following materials is a rasp mostly used? A. Copper B. Wood C. Lead D. Aluminium E. Ceramics BM 1.5 What is the correct name for this tool? A. Grooving chisel B. Crosscut chisel C. Punch D. Flat cold chisel E. Round nose chisel BM 2.1 A sawing operation has to be carried out. Which criteria are of importance for the choice of the saw blade (as far as the number of teeth is concerned)? A. The required surface quality of the workpiece. B. The lubricants available. C. The required depth of the cut. D. The material to be cut and the length of the cut. E. The cutting direction. BM 2.2 What is the correct name for this tool? A. Straight scraper B. Machine scraper C. Flat scraper D. Hand scraper E. Universal scraper BM 2.3 Which of the following is a correct statement about milled files? A. The top rake angle of the teeth is positive. B. The teeth of cut files act like scrapers. 12
17 C. Cut files are only used for light metals. D. The top rake angle is always negative. E. Cut files can only be used for roughing operations. BM 2.4 For which of the following materials is a single cut file used? A. Mild steel B. Ceramics C. Aluminium D. Leather E. Tool steel BM 2.5 Which of the following materials cannot be bent? A. Flat bar spring steel B. Tool steel C. Grey cast iron D. PVC hard BM 3.1 Why are saw blades set? A. To avoid that the saw cut becomes wider than the saw blade B. That long continuous chips can be formed. C. To guarantee a proper free cutting of the saw blade and to prevent the blade from being stuck up. D. To allow for the cutting of metal sheets in their upright position. setting of saw blades BM 3.2 Which of the following operations is usually carried out with this tool? A. Scraping of plane surfaces. B. Deburring of holes. C. Scraping of sliding bearings. D. Deburring of sheet metal workpieces. E. Scraping of outside radii. BM 3.3 What disadvantage has scraping as compared with grinding? 13
18 A. Hardened surfaces cannot be scraped. B. Tools for scraping are more expensive than tools for grinding. C. Only relatively small machine parts can be scraped. D. During the scraping procedure workpieces are heated up to a higher degree than during grinding. BM 3.4 For which of the following materials is a double cut file used? A. Copper B. Steel C. Rubber D. Leather E. Aluminium BM 4.1 Which of the following operations is usually carried out with this tool? A. Deburring of bored holes. B. Scraping of sliding bearings. C. Deburring of straight edges. D. Scraping of small plane surfaces. E. Scraping of prismatic guideways. BM 4.2 What is the proper procedure for checking the quality of scraped surfaces? A. With a bevelled steel (straight edge). B. With a measuring microscope. C. By applying the surface contact method (using colour). D. By sliding across the surface with the finger nails. E. By rubbing the surface on a hardened masterplate. BM 4.3 For which purposes are needle files used? A. For the production of needle bearings. B. To clean soldered joints. C. For the filing of small through holes in tools and dies. D. For finishing hardened steel moulds. E. For sharpening taps. BM 4.4 Which of the following is a correct statement about milled files? A. The top rake is always negative. B. The top rake has a size of 0. C. Milled files can only be used for light metals. D. The teeth of a milled file cut like the wedge of a chisel. E. Milled files are only used in filing machines. BM 5.1 Files are almost always cut in angular direction. Why? 14
19 A. The length of the cuts can be increased considerably. B. A better flow of chips is achieved. C. The stability of the file is increased. D. This makes a file suitable for soft as well as for hard materials. E. The production of files with angular cuts is easy and cheap. BM 5.2 On a drawing the surface quality of a workpiece is indicated by one triangle (?). Which of the following files is most suitable for this job? A. Swiss pattern crossing file B. Flat file C. Flat file D. Half round file E. Knife file BM 5.3 Which of the files mentioned below is suitable for hardened steel? A. Double cut file B. Needle file C. Dead smooth file D. Rasp cut file E. None of these files. BM 5.4 Which of the following must not be bent cold at right angles? A. Copper sheet long B. Aluminium sheet long C. Square brass long D. Flat bar steel long E. Steel sheet long BM 5.5 Pipes of certain dias have to be filled before bending. Which of the following materials is most suitable for this purpose? A. Kerosine B. Steel chips C. Grease D. Quartz sand E. Cotton waste Picture a Picture b Picture c 15
20 Picture d Picture e Picture f BM 6.1 Which picture shows a half round file? A. picture a B. picture b C. picture e D. picture f E. none of the pictures BM 6.2 Which picture shows a rasp? A. picture a B. picture c C. picture e D. picture f E. none of the pictures BM 6.3 Which picture shows a knife file? A. picture a B. picture b C. picture c D. picture f E. none of the pictures BM 6.4 Which picture shows files which are used for soft metals? A. all pictures apart from d B. pictures c to f C. pictures c, e, f D. only picture c E. only picture BM 7.1 Mushroom heads have to be removed in time. Which is the main reason? A. Because this mushroom head makes the hammer rebound when chiselling. B. To avoid accidents. 16
21 C. Because this mushroom head makes it difficult to hit the chisel exactly in the direction of the centre line. D. Because the mushroom head decreases the efficiency of the hammer stroke. BM 7.2 Which statement about chiselling is correct? A. Always watch the chisel head. B. The hammer has to rebound after having hit the chisel head. C. The chisel head has to have exactly the same hardness as the cutting edge. D. The angle between the centre line of the chisel and the surface to be chiselled must not be smaller than 60 E. When chiselling, always watch the cutting edge of the chisel. BM 7.3 When sawing a workpiece held in a vice, always arrange the workpiece so that the cut is A. 80 mm from the vice jaws. B. above the vice jaws. C. close to the edge of the vice jaws. D. about 35 mm from the vice jaws. BM 8.1 Two copper sheets have to be joined by riveting. What should preferably be the material of the rivets? A. Aluminium B. Copper C. Mild steel D. Brass E. Stainless steel BM 8.2 Which of the following is the correct name for the line marked with '1'? A. Bending line B. Zero line C. Tension fibre D. Axis of symmetry E. Neutral line 17
22 BM 8.3 The pitch (spacing) of a saw is the bigger A. the harder the material that is to be sawed. B. the softer the material that is to be sawed. C. the shorter the length of cut is. D. the thinner the sheet metal is, that must be cut. BM 8.4 Which of the following is used for locking purposes? A. Nut and bolt B. Pins C. Spring washer D. Screws BM 8.5 If we bend a sheet of metal across the direction of rolling instead of along the direction of rolling. A. the bending force is reduced. B. formation of cracks is lessened. C. further work on the job is easier. D. the neutral fibre is changed. E. the central fibre is not changed. BM 9.1 Below are given 4 methods of joining two steel pieces with each other. Indicate which of these methods is not a permanent one. 18
23 A. Welding B. Riveting C. Brazing D. Screwing BM 9.2 A big spacing of the saw blade is required for A. cast iron B. zinc C. high carbon steel D. aluminium BM 9.3 A negative rake A. can cause easier penetration of the cutting lip. B. is mainly used for chisels and saw blades. C. often goes together with a big wedge (lip) angle. D. can occur only when cutting with a small lip clearance. BM 9.4 The scraper removes very small chips because A. the hand force works on one cutting lip only. B. the contact points are scraped only during the last operation. C. the scraper's cutting lip is very short. D. the rake angle of the scraper is always negative. BM 9.5 Which statement is incorrect? A. Hand shears are used for steel sheets up to a thickness of 1.5 mm. B. Shear blades are opened to a limited angle of 15. C. The blankholder is necessary only when circular cuts are made. D. The burr is caused by the clearance between the blades being too wide. BM 9.6 Tilting of the sheet metal between the blades while shearing, is avoided by A. rounded blades. B. increased clearance between the blades. C. a blankholder. D. a reduced wedge angle of only 60 of the shear blades. BM 10.1 Shearing of brittle material is impossible because A. it is too hard and would dull the shearing immediately. B. it cannot be separated at all. C. the cutting lines run out of control as it breaks before being notched. D. this metal is not elastic enough. BM 10.2 The clearance angle of hacksaw blades is comparatively large because 19
24 A. in this way we have a smaller rake angle. B. sawing blades have always a short service life (breakage). C. penetration of the blade into the material is easier. D. there are only a few teeth cutting in most cases. BM 10.3 A blade will be stuck up when A. oil gets on the blade. B. it is too tightly clamped. C. the setting of teeth is worn. D. the blade is reversed. BM 10.4 A file A. is used for finishing a surface. B. is used to file small keys and holes C. is coarser than a file D. is finer than a file BM 10.5 With single cut files A. chip removal to one side is impossible. B. we cut soft metals like aluminium. C. the roughing of steel surfaces is easily done. D. we always get negative rake angles. BM 10.6 The bending radius can be smaller when A. the material is colder while bent. B. the material is very brittle. C. the material is very thin. D. the section to be bent is very long. BM 11.1 The teeth of a double cut file are cut under different angles in order to A. improve the chip removal to one side. B. give the teeth a negative rake angle. C. make the teeth more stable. D. prevent the teeth from standing in line behind each other parallel to the cutting direction. BM 11.2 Which statement about sawing is correct? A. While cutting thin walled pipes, turn them against the cutting direction. B. For thick walled pipes the blades have coarser spacings than for thin walled. C. Brass is cut with a wider spacing than aluminium. D. Set teeth permit free cutting of machine saw blades. BM 11.3 In riveting it is incorrect that 20
25 A. copper can be used when hammered cold. B. holes for hot rivets are usually drilled 1 mm larger than the rivet. C. the length of the shaft depends on the shape of the head. D. all steel rivets must be shaped when hot BM 11.4 Which statement gives a correct information about the screw shown in the picture? A. It can be used only once. B. It is suitable for screwing sheet metal parts. C. It is fixed by means of a hammer. D. It can be fixed only by a special machine. E. It is suitable for screwing wooden parts. BM 12.1 When sawing tubes and profiles, preference is given to fine toothed saw blades in order to A. reduce the risk that less than three teeth cut at one time. B. to simplify turning of the work during the sawing process. C. to make breakage of teeth impossible. D. to ensure a higher accuracy and avoid running off line. BM 12.2 When sawing, use the A. middle of the blade. B. front end of blade. C. full length of blade. D. central 75 per cent of the blade. BM 12.3 Which statement about bending is incorrect? A. The neutral line runs through gravity centre (middle) of the cross section. B. Bending of flat bars is easier when done in a hot state. C. Thin sheet metal cannot be bent over a sharp edge. D. Cold bending is possible when the metal is very ductile, like copper. BM 12.4 Select the fastening method which belongs to the group of temporary fastening. A. Hub and shaft, joined by a key. B. Lever on a shaft, joined by brazing. C. Two pieces of sheet metal, joined by rivets. D. Bottom of a tin, joined by soldering. BM 12.5 Which of the given threads is most suitable for preventing a screw from loosening itself? A. Knuckle thread B. Acme thread 21
26 C. Metric fine thread D. Buttress thread E. Metric thread BM 13.1 For the efficient cutting of metal, hand sawing should be done at the rate of A. 20 to 30 strokes per minute. B. 30 to 40 strokes per minute. C. 40 to 50 strokes per minute. D. 50 to 60 strokes per minute. BM 13.2 Which statement is incorrect? A. Cracks occur easily when forging is done at too low a temperature. B. Lowering of the temperature causes a louder sound from the hammer strokes. C. A dark red colour indicates the temperature at which to begin forging. D. Sulphur causes hot brittleness. BM 13.3 When bending a thin walled pipe, buckling of the pipe can be avoided A. by applying a small bending radius. B. by using a spring to bend the hot pipe. C. by hammering away the buckles after bending. D. by using dry sand and closing the ends of the pipe with wooden plugs. BM 13.4 Two paper washers (blotters) are to be put in between the grinding wheel and the flanges when a grinding wheel is mounted on the spindle. Which statement about these blotters is correct? A. The blotters should be of very thin paper. B. The blotters should be made of lead. C. The diameters of the blotters should be more than the diameter of the flanges. D. Blotters are required only when the diameter of the flanges differ. BM 14.1 This machine element has to be fixed into a blind hole. Special care must be taken so that A. grease is removed thoroughly. B. there is a provision for the air to escape out of the blind hole. C. a plastic hammer is used. D. the machine element is washed in kerosene to avoid corrosion. E. half the blind hole is filled with oil. 22
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To give guests something sweet to remember them by, this happy couple set out a delightful "Sweets & Treats" station, allowing guests to fill up a bag of candy for the road. Glass containers easily displays the candy and showcases the color.
To tie in family history and honor the people who mean the most to them, David and Kristen Wilson displayed wedding pictures of each of their parents and grandparents. The photos were glued to burlap then the burlap was glued to the back of painted window panes.
The bride and groom fell in love with this venue as soon as they saw it. Since there was a greenhouse on site, they were free to use any trees and plants they wanted. Running lights up the walls and wrapping the trees turned the space into a winter wonderland.
Let's explore this country together.


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The membrane potential of nonexcitable cells, defined as the electrical potential difference between the cell cytoplasm and the extracellular environment when the current is zero, is controlled by the individual electrical conductance of different ion channels. In particular, inward- and outward-rectifying voltage-gated channels are crucial for cell… (More)
We analyze the coupling of model nonexcitable (non-neural) cells assuming that the cell membrane potential is the basic individual property. We obtain this potential on the basis of the inward and outward rectifying voltage-gated channels characteristic of cell membranes. We concentrate on the electrical coupling of a cell ensemble rather than on the… (More)
Bioelectrical signals and ion channels are central to spatial patterns in cell ensembles, a problem of fundamental interest in positional information and cancer processes. We propose a model for electrically connected cells based on simple biological concepts: i) the membrane potential of a single cell characterizes its electrical state; ii) the long-range… (More)
We explore the electrical rectification of large amplitude fluctuating signals by an asymmetric nanostructure operating in aqueous solution. We show experimentally and theoretically that a load capacitor can be charged to voltages close to 1 V within a few minutes by converting zero time-average potentials of amplitudes in the range 0.5-3 V into average net… (More)
We present a weakly coupled map lattice model for patterning that explores the effects exerted by weakening the local dynamic rules on model biological and artificial networks composed of two-state building blocks (cells). To this end, we use two cellular automata models based on: (i) a smooth majority rule (model I) and (ii) a set of rules similar to those… (More)
The single cell-centred approach emphasises ion channels as specific proteins that determine individual properties, disregarding their contribution to multicellular outcomes. We simulate the interplay between genetic and bioelectrical signals in non-excitable cells from the local single-cell level to the long range multicellular ensemble. The single-cell… (More)
The interplay between cooperativity and diversity is crucial for biological ensembles because single molecule experiments show a significant degree of heterogeneity and also for artificial nanostructures because of the high individual variability characteristic of nanoscale units. We study the cross-effects between cooperativity and diversity in model… (More)
Nanotechnology produces basic structures that show a significant variability in their individual physical properties. This experimental fact may constitute a serious limitation for most applications requiring nominally identical building blocks. On the other hand, biological diversity is found in most natural systems. We show that reliable information… (More)
KcsA constitutes a potassium channel of known structure that shows both high conduction rates and selectivity among monovalent cations. A kinetic model for ion conduction through this channel that assumes rapid ion transport within the filter has recently been presented by Nelson. In a recent, brief communication, we used the model to provide preliminary… (More)
We use a model by Nelson to study the current-voltage and conductance-concentration curves of bacterial potassium channel KcsA without assuming rapid ion translocation. Ion association to the channel filter is rate controlling at low concentrations, but dissociation and transport in the filter can limit conduction at high concentration for ions other than… (More)
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Who's next after Velasquez-Dos Santos?
LOS ANGELES – When the UFC aired its first live basic cable television card in 2005, it delivered one of the most memorable battles in mixed martial arts history. Forrest Griffin's win over Stephan Bonnar to win "The Ultimate Fighter 1" title in a back-and-forth struggle helped break the company through to the masses and lifted it to a higher-profile than anyone dared dream.
That's one way to make a first impression.
On the other hand, there was the MMA's prime-time network debut in 2008. Kimbo Slice fought a wretched bout against professional tomato can James Thompson, dragging into the third round before Thompson's ear exploded in a grotesque manner, live on CBS. While the event generated a big rating and quite a buzz, it also hastened promotional company Elite XC's demise a few short months and tens of millions of dollars later.
Which leads us to the next big step in MMA's television evolution. The UFC held a press conference Tuesday at Hollywood's W Hotel to push ticket sales for the Cain Velasquez-Junior Dos Santos heavyweight title fight at Anaheim's Honda Center on Nov. 12, which is the first live UFC network broadcast on Fox, kicking off a seven-year deal which calls for four live events per year.
Will champion Velasquez, who has the potential to become the Latino superstar the UFC has always wanted but never quite found, and Dos Santos, the hardest puncher in the heavyweight division, put on a show that makes new fans want to tune in for more? Or will they put in, if not a Kimbo-Thompson clunker, something that doesn't push the company to the next level?
"You can't guarantee another Griffin-Bonnar," said UFC president Dana White. "All you can do is put together the most exciting fight possible. With Cain and Junior, whether the fight goes 30 minutes or 30 seconds, you've got two guys who are known for delivering exciting fights."
The plain-spoken combatants, thus far, claim there's nothing out of the ordinary about their upcoming tussle.
"It's a big fight, but I'm not going to treat it any differently than any other fight," said Velasquez (9-0). "Junior is an impressive fighter, but I'm just going to go out and do it like I always do."
"It's an honor to be on the first Fox card, I'm glad to get the opportunity," said Dos Santos (13-1). "But I don't think that adds any more pressure to the fight."
Early signs indicate Fox is going to position the UFC for success on the network: With two months left before Velasquez-Dos Santos, Fox has already begun airing promo spots for the fight during NFL and MLB broadcasts, and Fox Sports president Eric Shanks reported Tuesday that the ad inventory for the Nov. 12 event has already sold out.
"I'll tell you what, we can do all the promotion in the world, we can put them in the right position, and all that," said White. "You can put all the bells and whistles on it. But every time out, when the cage door is shut, it's up to the fighters to deliver. We've been doing this for 10 years now and we have a track record because these guys deliver."
Velasquez and Dos Santos are clearly Nos. 1 and 2 at 265 pounds right now, but the heavyweight division constantly evolves, and there is no lack of potential challengers lying in wait. Who is waiting in line for a crack at the UFC gold and a potential future spot on network television? Here's a look at the top contenders:
Brock Lesnar
Credentials: Former UFC champion
Record: 5-2
Streak: Lost past 1
Next fight: vs. Alistair Overeem, Dec. 30
Questions remain as to whether Lesnar will ever be able to fully recover from his issues with diverticulitis. Since first falling ill two years ago, he's had to postpone fights twice and he lost the title to Velasquez in one-side fashion last October. Still, Lesnar remains one of MMA's elite drawing cards, and White confirmed Tuesday that the winner of the Lesnar-Overeem bout will get the next heavyweight title shot, barring any sort of injury or similar holdups.
Alistair Overeem
Weight class: Former Dream and Strikeforce champion
Record: 35-11 (1 no contest)
Streak: Won past 7
Next fight: vs. Lesnar, Dec. 30
Many a fighter has run up a big win streak overseas only to find the going just a bit tougher when they got to North America. The jury is still out on Overeem, who didn't exactly set the world ablaze in his June win over Fabricio Werdum. The Lesnar fight will be his sink-or-swim UFC moment: Overeem is a world-class kickboxer, and Lesnar's standup defense is his most glaring weakness. If Overeem can't get past Lesnar, how can he compete against Velasquez or Dos Santos?
Josh Barnett
Credentials: Former UFC champion
Record: 31-5
Streak: Won past 8
Next fight: vs. Daniel Cormier, date TBD
Barnett will meet Cormier in the finals of the interminable Strikeforce Grand Prix tournament, the winner of which will end up on the short list of fighters in line for a UFC title shot. Barnett comes with baggage: He's flunked enough steroid tests (three) to be banned from most international sporting competitions, and his corny pro-wrestling schtick during interviews comes off more like cable-access material than network prime time. But there's no denying Barnett's world-class wrestling and submission game, which has kept him in the picture nearly a decade after stunning the MMA world with his UFC title victory over Randy Couture.
Daniel Cormier
Credentials: Former Olympic wrestler
Record: 9-0
Streak: Won past 9
Next fight: vs. Barnett, date TBD
On paper, it might seem a bit too soon to include Cormier on the list. But he's passed every test thrown his way, none bigger than his upset win over Antonio Silva in the Strikeforce semis. Unfortunately, he also broke his hand knocking Silva out, so the bout, like said hand, is currently on ice.
Shane Carwin
Credentials: Former interim UFC champion
Record: 12-2
Streak: Lost past 2
Next fight: None scheduled
At the moment, this might seem a longshot. But let's not write off "The Monster" just yet. Carwin was within moments of finishing Lesnar and taking the UFC belt in the summer of 2010. And while he decisively lost his bout against Dos Santos in June, Carwin took the bout against a red-hot opponent on short notice after Dos Santos' bout with Lesnar was dropped. Carwin may be on the outside looking in at the moment, but a couple solid victories will put him right back in the mix.
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Firms can use fidelity rebates or loyalty discount schemes to offer better prices to buyers in exchange of their loyalty. Such schemes may sometimes prevent rivals from competing effectively. The OECD Competition Committee held a roundtable to discuss the topic in its June 2016 meeting. Access the documentation.
Brandon L. Garrett is the Justice Thurgood Marshall Distinguished Professor of Law at the University of Virginia School of Law and author of Convicting the Innocent (2011) and Too Big to Jail (2014). These comments on corporate criminal liability are a contribution to a public consultation conducted by the OECD Working Group on Bribery.
The Anti-Bribery Policy and Compliance Guidance for African Companies is a practical, concise guide to help African companies set up measures to stop the supply side of bribes to public officials in business transactions and support both the public and private sectors in their efforts to prevent bribery and improve the quality of corporate compliance and bribery prevention measures.
Abidjan, 27-28 October 2016 - This event focused on transparency and accountability, in particular tackling illicit financial flows and combating corruption. The event provided an occasion to launch the OECD-AfDB Anti-Bribery Policy and Compliance Guidance for African Companies.
Mongolia has made significant progress in developing its anti-corruption policy, legislation and institutions over the past few years. However, progress has recently slowed and there are increasing concerns about the future direction and pace of reforms, according to a new OECD report.
The Guidance provides recommendations for responsible mineral supply chains to help companies to respect human rights and avoid contributing to conflict through their mineral or metal purchasing decisions and practices.
Co-organised by the OECD and the German Federal Ministry of Finance, the seminar will focus on the policy implications of the increasingly interconnected global financial and economic system and the need for an open and orderly regime for capital flows in the context of the review of the OECD Code of Liberalisation of Capital Movements.
Established in 1999, the OECD-Asian Roundtable on Corporate Governance serves as a regional forum for exchanging experiences and advancing the reform agenda on corporate governance while promoting awareness and use of the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance.
This initiative works to help African countries in their fight against bribery of public officials in business transactions and to improve corporate integrity and accountability
The OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises give concrete advice to countries on how to manage more effectively their responsibilities as company owners, thus helping to make state-owned enterprises more competitive, efficient and transparent.


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Benjos Juicy Grill is a delicious grill restaurant situated in South East London.
Using the freshest herbs and spices teamed together with delicious vegetables and the best cuts of meat, the chefs at Benjo Juicy Grill create a menu that is perfect for every member of the family.
The waiters too work hard, striving to maintain a happy, calm and welcoming atmosphere. They are at hand to provide any assistance necessary, and to help make your dining experience a brilliant one.


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NPS RADAR May 2004
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