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1 SCALE AND MODIFICATION IN INDONESIAN Dr. Suhendra Yusuf, MA. Nusantara Islamic University Bandung, INDONESIA (DRAFT) ABSTRACT This paper discusses degree modification involving scales related to several linguistic categories in Indonesian syntax. This scale of modification is applied to the concepts associated with quantity words, adverbial phrases, adjectival phrases, verb phrases, and noun phrases. The paper identifies that banyak 'many' and sedikit 'few' are the only quantity words in Bahasa Indonesia that can be modified by almost all of the degree words. Adverbial phrases modify adjective phrases (like lebih 'more' and sangat 'very') and verb phrases (such as sering 'frequently' and pelan-pelan 'softly, slowly, gently') using particular degree words. In adjectival structures, monomorphemic and polymorphemic adjectives fit in very nicely with degree words. In the comparative clauses, the three basic constructions have been discussed, i.e., equative, comparative, and superlative constructions. Each construction has its own rule. In addition to this discussion, result clauses and the rule of cosntructing them are also presented brieftly. Finally, the discussions were devoted to identifying and examining degree modification in verb and noun phrases. Keywords: scale, degree modification, syntax, Indonesian 1. Introduction This paper attempts to examine degree modification in Bahasa Indonesia. This kind of modification, according to Baker (1989: 313), involves the concepts of "scales" related to some linguistic categories, i.e. adverbial phrases like softly and beautifully, adjectival phrases such as smart and long, quantity words like much and many, verb phrases like love and admire and noun phrases such as fool and players. In Bahasa Indonesia, this degree modification can also be applied to the concepts associated with a. adverbial phrases like in mati-matian 'whole-heartedly' --> begitu matimatian '(so) whole-heartedly' and hati-hati 'carefully' --> hati- hati sekali 'very carefully'; b. adjective phrases such as cerdik 'clever' --> cukup cerdik 'clever enough' and cantik 'pretty' --> tidak terlalu cantik 'not too pretty'; c. quantity concepts like sedikit 'few' --> cukup sedikit 'few enough?' and banyak 'many' --> kurang begitu banyak '(less) so many?'; d. verb phrases like menertawakan 'to laugh at' --> agak menertawakan '(rather) to laugh at?' and mencemaskan 'to worry about' --> lumayan mencemaskan 'to worry about (enough)?'; and e. noun phrases such as kesempatan 'opportunity' --> begitu banyak kesempatan 'so many opportunities' and orang 'people' --> tidak cukup orang 'not enough (many) people'. As we can see from the above examples, some of the concepts of degree modification in Bahasa Indonesia are almost as same as those in English. However, some
2 of Indonesian structures are quite unique. Take for example the degree modification for the word sedikit as illustrated in the following sentence: (1) [Sedikit] orang yang datang ke pesta itu. few people that come to party the 'Few people were present at the party' For the word [sedikit] we can use various degree words to show which one is fewer than the other, for instance, in the following sentence: (2) [Sangat sedikit sekali] 1 very few [Sedikit sekali] few very very [Sangat sedikit] very few [Begitu sedikit] so few [Lumayan sedikit] enough few [Agak sedikit] rather few [Cukup sedikit] enough few [Tidak terlalu sedikit] not too few [Tidak sedikit] not few orang yang datang ke pesta itu. If we are expecting that fifty people will be present at the party, the following chart my help to estimate the number of the people: (3) Scale for sedikit Number of people sangat sedikit sekali 5 sedikit sekali 10 sangat sedikit 15 begitu sedikit 20 lumayan sedikit 25 agak sedikit 30 cukup sedikit 35 tidak terlalu sedikit 40 1 Some native speakers will consider it as 'redundant'. However, I will consider sangat sedikit sekali is fewer than sangat sedikit and sedikit sekali. In real life, in the point of fact, some people use it.
3 tidak sedikit This estimation is of course very relative; however, the idea that the word sedikit has a "scale" is obvious. Even though the word sekali and sangat have the same meaning ('very'), there is a subtle difference between the two, especially when they are used in spoken Bahasa Indonesia; and -- as seen from the above chart -- I will consider sekali as higher than sangat. We will continue this discussion on degree words on the next section. First of all, the discussion will be focussed on the identification of several groups of degree words in Bahasa Indonesia, i.e., degree words in adverbial phrases, degree words in adjectival phrases, degree words in verb phrases, degree words in noun phrases, and degree words in clauses and then followed by the discussion on the basic structures of degree modification. The next is the the syntax of degree modification in Bahasa Indonesia and the analysis of degree modification associated with adverbial phrases, adjectival phrases, verbal phrases, noun phrases, and degree modification in clauses, i.e., in result clause and comparative clause (equative construction, comparative construction, superlative construction). And, finally, a brief conclusion will be presented. 2. ree words in Bahasa Indonesia Quite interestingly, the idea of degree words (and of course degree modification) in Bahasa Indonesia linguistic is something new. Not a single linguist has ever done an analysis on this very important aspect of Bahasa Indonesia grammar. The Tata bahasa baku Bahasa Indonesia 'The Standard grammar of Bahasa Indonesia' edited by Moeliono (1988) does not mention this concept at all. Samsuri (1985: 87-88), on the other hand, categorized the degree words sekali, nian, and benar as "kata sarana sangatan" meaning the words for describing the concept of "very" and sangat, lebih, kurang, terlalu, and paling as "kata sarana tingkatan" meaning the words for describing degree, level, or rank without analysing any further. In Bahasa Indonesia, the words sangat, amat, sekali, nian, benar 'very', sungguh, demikian, begitu 'so', cukup, lumayan 'enough', agak 'rather', and luar biasa 'extraordinary' can be categorized as degree words modifying adverbs, adjectives, verbs, nouns, and quantity words. It is possible also to combine sangat with sekali, amat with sangat and agak with lumayan to form other degree concepts, for example in the following: (4) a. [sangat penting sekali] very important very 'very very important' b. [amat sangat kaya] very very rich 'very very rich' c. [agak lumayan baik] rather enough good 'quite good' Please notice that other combinations are not possible in Bahasa Indonesia, e.g. (5) a. *sangat penting nian b. *amat penting benar c. *demikian penting sekali
4 d. *begitu cukup penting e. *luar biasa agak penting f. *sungguh lumayan penting These degree words and the combinations of them then form a relative "scales", like in the following concepts of "length": (6) a. luar biasa panjang b. sangat panjang sekali c. panjang sekali d. sangat panjang e. panjang f. cukup panjang g. agak panjang h. tidak terlalu panjang i. tidak panjang If we consider that twenty meter-long spaghetti is panjang, we might expect that twenty five meter is sangat panjang, thirty meter is panjang sekali, thirty five meter is sangat panjang sekali, and forty meter is luar biasa panjang. Fifteen meter can be considered as cukup panjang, ten meter as agak panjang, five meter as tidak terlalu panjang, and one meter as tidak panjang. But, again, this measurement is very relative depending upon the notion, opinion, or perception of the observer. The example is done simply to make a clear picture that there is a scale is the above concept. Even though sangat and sekali have the same meaning ("very"), I will consider that sekali is a slightly higher than sangat. It is due to the fact that in spoken Indonesia, if you want to express something that is very very long, you simply lengthen your pronounciation in the second syllable, e.g., in the following sentence : (7) Antriannya (panjaaaaaang sekali) The line is very very long In contrast to sangat panjang, you can not say for instance. or (8) * Antriannya (sangat panjaaaang) (9) * Antriannya (sangaaaat panjang) From the above evidence, it is obvious that sekali is higher than sangat in its scale. In talking about degree of comparison, Indonesia also recognizes different kinds of degree words like terlalu 'too', lebih 'more', sedikit lebih 'a slightly more', sama-sama 'same', sedikit kurang 'slighth less', kurang 'less', and tidak terlalu 'not too' in combination with daripada 'than', dibandingkan dengan 'compare from', ketimbang 2 'than', and -- especially in Sundanese dialect -- tinimbang 'than'. This kinds of degree words will be discussed in depth in the next section or comparative and result clauses. The next is the discussion on some basic structures of degree modification. 3. Basic Structures 2 In certain dialect, especially Betawian
5 The words sekali, nian, and benar (some dialect betul) are the only degree words that behave differently. While the others are always premodifier banyak 'many', for example, we can construct (10) a. sangat banyak but we can not say b. cukup banyak c. agak banyak (11) a. *sekali banyak instead, we have to say b. *nian banyak c. *benar banyak (12) a. banyak sekali b. banyak nian c. banyak benar or combination of two degree words: (13) a. sangat banyak sekali b. agak lumayan banyak c. amat sangat banyak This structures can be illustrated in the following three diagrams : (14) a. sangat banyak b. quant banyak sekali c.
6 sangat banyak sekali d. agak lumayan banyak The exactly same structures might also be applied to adjectival constructions such as for the word cantik 'beautiful' (15) a. sangat cantik b. cantik nian c. sangat cantik sekali d. Agak lumayan cantik and adverbial constructions like is the word hati-hati 'carefully' (16) a. sangat hati-hati b. hati-hati sekali c. sangat hati-hati sekali d. amat sangat hati-hati For the verb phrase structures, for example for the words mencintai 'love' and membaca 'read' we can draw structures and even add the quant diagrams i.e. (17) a. VP VP sangat mencintai b. VP VP VP sangat mencintai sekali
7 c. VP VP mencintai sekali d. VP VP VP and (18) VP amat sangat mencintai VP for example in (19) VP membaca VP agak lumayan banyak membaca And finally for constructing the noun phrase structures, we can either make this diagram: (20) NP CNP Such as for the word uang 'money'
8 (21) NP CNP N agak lumayan banyak uang or add the yang-phrase which contains the adjective phrase to form: (22) NP CNP yang-p Such as in: (23) NP CNP yang-p NP yang Adj-P Adj-P Adj kucing yang amat cerdas cat that very smart 'the very smart cat' And then by combining (20) and (22) we can construct the following structure (24) NP
9 CNP for example in (25) NP CNP Yang-P CNP quant CNP Yang-P quant NP yang adj-p deg Adj agak lumayan banyak kucing yang amat cerdas 4. ree modification of quantity words Banyak 'many' and sedikit 'few' are the only quantity words in Bahasa Indonesia that can be modified by almost all the degree words, such as in : (26) a. John membeli [banyak sekali apel yang busuk] tembaga] John to buy many very apples that rotten 'John bought very many rotten apples' b. Jill mempunyai [agak lumayan sedikit uang Jill have rather enough few money copper 'Jill has (rather) few (enough) copper coins' c. Jean harus [banyak sekali membaca] koran Jean have to many very read newspaper 'Jean has to read the newspaper so many times' d. Jim [agak sedikit memberikan] perhatian kepada masalah-masalah kemiskinan of proverty Jim rather few give attention to problems proverty Jim didn't pay too much attention on the problems As we can see from the above example, the quantity phrases banyak sekali and agak lumayan banyak in the first two sentences modify noun phrases [apel yang busuk] and [uang tembaga] respectively; while in the last two sentences, the quantity phrases banyak sekali and agak sedikit modify verb phrases [membaca] and [memberikan] respectively.
10 Interestingly, while we can move the quantity phrase in the first two sentences to the end of the sentences without changing the meaning, we can not do the same thing to the last two quantity phrases. So, (26.a) and (26.b) will have the same meaning as the following. (27) a. John membeli [apel yang busuk banyak sekali] sedikit] b. Jill mempunyai [uang tembaga agak lumayan If we put the quantity phrases in (26.c) and (26.d) at the and of the sentences, these quantity phrases will not anymore modify phrases [membaca] and [memberikan] respectively but rather they will modify noun phrases [koran] and [perhatian], and of course, the meaning of the two sentences will change. The following sentences have the same structures as those in (27): (28) c.?jean harus [membaca koran banyak sekali] These sentences, in fact, can be changed into: d.?jim [memberikan perhatian agak sedikit] (29) c.?jean harus [membaca banyak sekali koran] d.?jim [memberikan agak sedikit perhatian] As we see from the above structures, we can summarize that quantity words banyak and sedikit can be modified by almost all of the degree words which then form quantity phrases. These quantity phrases can modify either verbs phrases or noun phrases but they never occur in the same sentence; e.g.: (30) a. *Jean harus [agak banyak membaca] [banyak sekali koran] perhatian] b. *Jim [cukup sedikit memberikan] [agak banyak 5. ree modification in adverbial structures Adverbial phrases in Bahasa Indonesia can modify : a. sentences e.g. sebenarnya 'in fact' and sesungguhnya 'actually' b. predicate noun phrases such as hanya 'only' and bukan 'not'; c. adjective phrases like lebih 'more' and sangat 'very', and d. verb phrases like sering 'frequently' and pelan-pelan 'softly' In relation to degree words in adverbial structure, only the last two types of adverbs can be modified by degree words, for example: (31) a. [agak lebih tua] rather more old 'rather older' b. [amat sangat padat] very very condensed 'very very condensed' c. [agak lumayan cantik] rather enough beautiful
11 '(rather) beautiful enough' It is clear from the above adjective phrases that only degree words agak dan amat can modify adverbs lebih, sangat and lumayan, and that the combinations of those adverbs are fixed. We can not change the order or find another one; e.g. (32) a. *amat lebih tua b. *agak sangat padat c. *amat lumayan cantik A very limited number of adverbs which modify verb phrases can also be modified by degree words. These adverbs include words like hati-hati 'carefully', pelan-pelan 'gently', 'softly', mati-matian 'whole-heartedly', sering 'frequently', jarang 'rare', besar-besaran 'largish', 'on a large scale', kecil-kecilan 'on a small scale', and the like. The following are the examples of this type of degree modification: (33) a. [sangat hati-hati] ia membuka pintu e. Perkawinan itu dirayakan secara [agak besarbesaran] scale' very carefully he open door 'He opened the door very carefully' b. [pelan-pelan sekali] Jean berbicara softly very Jean speak 'Jean spoke very softly' c. Kendaraan ini [agak sering] mogok Car this rather frequently broken 'This car is broken very (rather) frequently' d. Jane [sangat jarang] mengunjungi kebun binatang Jane very rare visit zoo 'Jane (very) rarely visited the zoo' Mariage the celebrated by rather largish 'The mariage was celebrated in a rather larger Other adverb phrases from the same type can be modified by degree words, e.g. for the words hampir 'nearly', hampir tidak 'hardly', selalu 'always', pernah 'ever', and secepat mungkin 'as fast as possible' (34) a. *Ia membuka pintu [sangat secepat mungkin] binatang b. *Jane [agak selalu] berbicara c. *Kendaraan ini [lumayan pernah] mogok d. *Jane [sangat hampir tidak] mengunjungi kebun e. *Perkawinan itu [cukup hampir] dirayakan Some of the degree words i.e. lumayan, nian, and sometimes benar can not be used to modify certain adverbial phrases e.g. (35) a. *[Lumayan hati-hati] ia membuka pintu
12 benar] b. *[Pelan-pelan nian] Jane berbicara c. *Perkawinan itu dirayakan secara [besar-besaran 6. ree modification in adjectival structures In Bahasa Indonesia there are at least four types of adjective, i.e.: a. monomorphemic adjectives such as cerah 'bright' and murah 'cheap'; b. polymorphemic adjectives like kekanak-kanakan 'childish', and pemarah 'hot-headed', and alamiah 'natural'; c. reduplication (plural) such as besar-besar 'big', and pintar 'smart' d. double adjectives like cantik jelita 'very pretty', and gelap gulita 'pich dark'. Only the first two types of adjectives can be modified by degree words. So, we can not say for example: (36) a. *Anaknya sudah [besar-besar benar] child-his already big very 'His children have already grown up' b. *Murid-murid sekolah itu [sangat pintar-pintar] students school that very smart 'The students of that school are all very smart' c. *Jean [cantik jelita sekali] Jean pretty pretty very 'Jean is very very pretty' d. *Ruangan ini [amat sangat gelap gulita] room this very very dark 'This room is very very dark' This is due to the fact that those reduplications always have plural meanings and it is very difficult to make a scale of those plural things. In the double adjectives, the second ones, e.g., jelita in cantik jelita function more as intensifiers, in addition to the fact that semantically the two words are almost the same. An Indonesian-English dictionary (Echols and Shadilly, 1985) defines cantik as 'pretty', 'charming' and jelita as 'graceful', 'charming', 'beautiful', or 'sweet'. So, they do not need degree words anymore. In the examples below, we can find that the first two types of adjectives are possible to modified by degree words: (37) a. Langit tampak [amat cerah] sky look very bright 'The sky looks very bright' b. Barang-barang di sini [cukup murah] goods at here enough cheap 'Things are cheaper here'
13 c. George tampak [agak kekanak-kanakan] George seem rather childish 'George seems rather childish' d. Ayahnya [pemarah sekali] father-his hot-headed very 'His father is very hot-headed' e. Zat ini [cukup alamiah] substance this enough natural 'This substance is natural enough' These adjective phrases can also be modified by comparative degree words. The following section will be devoted to the identification of comparative and result clauses in Bahasa Indonesia. 6.1 ree modification in comparative clauses One important characteristic of an adjective is that this word class can be used to express degree comparison : whether some thing is less, same, more, or the most compared to the other. This comparative claus in Bahasa Indonesia can be devided into three basic construction: equative, comperative, and superative constructions Equative constructions The equative constructions are used to express similarity or equality between two things being compared. These constructions can be manifested into three general rules: (38) a. se b. sama + adjective Phrase + nya + dengan c. sama-sama (a) se + adjective P. This rule can be applied particularly to monomorphemic type and some polimorphemic type of adjectives. The following are examples of monomorphemic type of adjectives. (39) a. Jean secantik ibunya Jean se + pretty mother-her 'Jean is a pretty as her mom b. John tidak setinggi adiknya John not se + high little brother-his 'John is a not as tall as his little brother' c. Jim mempunyai kucing sebesar anjing Jim have cat se+bid dog 'Jim has a cat as big as a dog'
14 d. Anak itu bicara seberani bapaknya Child that speak se+brave father-her 'That child spoke as brave as her father' And, below are polymorphemic types: (40) a. Jill berpikir seilmiah ibunya Jill think se+scientific mother-her 'Jill thinks as scientific as her mother' b. Orang itu tidak semanusiawi temannya People that not se+human friend-his 'That guy is not as human as his friend' c. John tidak sepemarah kakeknya John not se+hot-headed grandpa-his 'John is not as hot-headed as his grandpa' d. James sepemberani buyutnya James se+courageous grandson-his 'James is courageous as his grand-grand son' Some of those polymorphemic type are not acceptable in Indonesia: (41) a. *Jane sekeibuan ibunya Jane se+motherly mother-her 'Jane is as motherly (?) as her mom b. *Jack tidak sekekanak-kanakan kakeknya Jack not se+childish grandpa-his 'Jack is not as childish as his grandpa' Reduplication type and double type of adjectives are also unacceptable: (42) a. *Jim punya kucing sebesar-besar anjing Jim have cat se+big (pl) dog 'Jim has cats as big as dogs' b. *Anak paman saya sepintar-pintar bapaknya Child uncle I-gen se+smart(pl) father-they-gen 'My uncle'schildren are as smart as their father' c. *Jean tidak secantik jelita neneknya Jean not se+pretty grandma-her 'Jean is not as pretty as her grandma d. *Jill sekeras kepala kawannya Jil se+stubborn friend-her 'Jil is as stubborn as her friend
15 (b) Sama + adjective Phrase + nya + dengan This rule can be applied almost to all types of adjective, even though for reduplication type double adjectives, they sound weird, such as in (42) (43) a. Jean sama cantiknya dengan ibunya James same courageous-his with grand-grandsonhis anjing bapaknya Jean same pretty-her with mother-her 'Jean is as pretty as her mother' b. Jill berpikir sama ilmiahnya dengan ibunya Jill think same sceintific-her with mother-her 'Jill thinks as sceintific as her her mother' c. James sama pemberaninya dengan buyutnya 'James is as courageous as his grand-grandson' d. Jane sama keibuannya dengan ibunya Jane same motherly with mother-her 'Jane is as motherly as her mom' e. James sama kekanak-kanakannya dengan kakeknya James same childish with grandpa-his 'James is as childish as his grandpa' f. (?)Jim punya kucing sama besar-besarnya dengan Jim have cat same big (pl) with dog 'Jim has cats as big as dogs' g. (?)Anak paman saya sama pintar-pintarnya dengan Child uncle I-gen same smart-their with father-their 'My unle'schildren are as smart as their father' h. (?)Jean sama cantik jelitanya dengan ibunya Jean same pretty charming with mother-her 'Jean is as pretty as her mom' i. (?)Jill sama keras kepalanya dengan kawannya Jil same stubborn-her with friend-her 'Jil is as stubborn as her friend' Sentences (43f-i) sound weird in standard Bahasa Indonesia, instead of "pluraling" the adjective phrase, it is better to make its noun phrase plural e.g. in (44) Anak-anak paman saya sama pintarnya dengan bapaknya Children uncle I-gen same smart-their with father-their 'My uncle's children are as smart as their father' However, sentence (43-f) can not be paraphrased into
16 (45) *James punya kucing-kucing sama besarnya dengan anjing because Bahasa Indonesia does not recognize plurarity for object of the sentence, instead, we have to specify the amount of the object or use quantity word, e.g. (46) a. James punya dua ekor kucing yang sama besarnya dengan anjing James have two classifier cats that same big with dog 'James has two cats that are as big as dogs' b. James punya banyak kucing yang sama besarnya dengan anjing James have many cats that same big with dog 'James has many cats that are as big as dogs' Meanwhile sentences, (42 h-i) are better paraphrased into the third rule for equative construction below. (c) sama-sama + adjective-p This rule can be applied into all types of adjective except the reduplication one. Look at the following examples: (47) a. Jean dan neneknya sama-sama cantik Reduplication type is unacceptable, e.g.: Jean and grandma-her same pretty 'Jean and her grandma are all pretty' b. John dan adiknya sama-sama tinggi John and brother-his same high 'John and his brother are tall' c. Anak dan bapaknya sama-sama ilmiah Son and father-his same scientific 'Father and son are all scientific' d. Jill dan buyutnya sma-sama cantik jelita Jill and grand-grandma same pretty 'Jill and her grand-grandma are pretty' e. John dan temannya sama-sama pemarah John and friend-his same hotheaded 'John and his friend are all hot-headed' f. Jade dan ibunya sama-sama keibuan Jade and mom-her same motherly 'Jade and her mom are motherly'(?) g. Jim dan temannya sama-sama keras kepala Jim and friend-his same stubborn 'Jim and his friend are stubborn'
17 (48) a. *Gadis Bandung dan gadis Ohio [sama-sama anggunanggun] besar-besar] Instead we simply construct the following: girl Bandung and girl Ohio same pretty 'Girls from Bandung and Ohio are all pretty' b. *Suhamid punya kucing dan anjing [sama-sama Suhamid have cat and dog saame big 'Suhamid has cats that are as big as dogs' (49) Gadis Bandung dan gadis Ohio [sama-sama anggun] However, sentence (47b) is rather different. Comparing the object of a sentence is always difficult in Bahasa Indonesia. To say, for example, 'Suhamid has cats that are as big as dogs' we cannot construct the structure like the above sentence (49), e.g. (50) *Suhamid punya kucing dan anjing [sama-sama besar] because the meaning has changed, i.e., 'Suhamid has cats and dogs that are in the same size (big)'. We cannot also construct the following sentence: (51) *Suhamid punya kucing [sama-sama besar] anjing. The only way of saying it in Bahasa Indonesia is the sentence structure (45) above Comparative construction Comparative constructions are used to express the differences between two things being compared. The Bahasa Indonesia uses this construction by applying the following rule(s): (52) daripada kurang dibanding adjective phrase dibandingkan dengan lebih ketimbang tinimbang Below are some examples: (53) a. Suharta [lebih kaya daripada] gurunya Suharta more rich than teacher-his 'Suharta is richer than his teacher is' b. Mobil Jade [lebih bagus dibanding] mobil Jane car Jade more good compared car Jane 'Jade's car is better than Jane's is' c. Gina [kurang keibuan dibandingkan dengan] ibunya
18 kawannya gadis L.A. from L.A.' Gina less motherly compared with mother-her 'Gina is less motherly(?) than her mother is' d. Kabayan [lebih pemberani ketimbang] kawan- Kabayan more courageous than friends-his 'Kabayan is more courageous than his friends are' e. Gadis Bandung [lebih cantik-cantik tinimbang] girl Bandung more pretty than girl L.A. 'The girls from Bandung are prettier than those f. Jenny [lebih cantik jelita daripada] temannya Jenny more pretty pretty than 'Jenny is prettier than her friend is' friend-her As seen from the above examples, we can say that all the four types of adjective are acceptable in this structure. In addition, we can also use the word jauh 'far' and sedikit 'a few', 'a little' as a separation expression to the words lebih and kurang, e.g. (54) a. James [jauh lebih kaya daripada] gurunya ibunya d. Jack [jauh lebih pemberani ketimbang] kawakawannya. L.A. b. Jade [sedikit lebih ilmiah dibanding] Jane c. Jill [sedikit kurang keibuan dibandingkan dengan] e. Gadis Bandung [jauh lebih cantik tinimbang] gadis f. Gwen [jauh lebih cantik jelita daripada] Jade Interestingly enough, if a particular adjective has an antonym e.g. kaya 'rich', miskin 'poor', and cantik 'pretty', jelek 'ugly', it is better to use lebih rather than kurang; on the other hand, if there is no antonym we can either use lebih or kurang like in lebih alamiah-kurang alamiah 'more or less natural'. So in the following sentences, it is better to say (a) rather than (b) or (c): (55) a. James [lebih kaya daripada] gurunya b. James [kurang kaya daripada] gurunya c. James [kurang miskin daripada] gurunya (56) a. Gadis Bandung [lebih cantik tinimbang] gadis Ohio Ohio Ohio b. Gadis Bandung [kurang cantik tinimbang] gadis c. Gadis Bandung [kurang jelek tinimbang] gadis Superlative construction Bahasa Indonesia forms superlative construction by applying the following rule(s):
19 (57) paling adjective phrase ter- While we can use almost all the four types of adjective for a superlative marker paling, we cannot use them for morpheme ter-. Below are some examples of the usage of paling: (58) a. Di antara teman-temannya, Johnnylah yang [paling nakal] naughty naughty' berbahagia] among friends-his Johnny-part that most 'Among all of his friends Johnny is the most b. James [paling pemberani] James most courageous 'James is the most courageous' c. Bob [paling ilmiah] Bob most scientific 'Bob is the most scientific(?)' d. Joan yang [paling keras kepala] Joan that most stubborn 'Joan is the most stubborn' e. Mereka itu adalah orang-orang yang [paling they that be people 'They are the happiest people' that most happy f. Gambar itulah yang [paling menakutkan] picture that that most scary 'That picture is the most scareful(?)' It seems that the reduplication type does not fit with paling, e.g. (59) *Mereka adalah yang [paling cantik-cantik] they be that most pretty 'They are the prettiest' Morpheme ter- on the other hand has a very limited usage. While we can construct: (60) a. Johnny yang [ternakal] Johnny that ter-naughty 'Johnny is the most naughty' b. Jack yang [terpandai] Jack that ter-smart
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Firms and businesses looking to find the next generation of leaders must start training their young CPAs in "soft" skills they don't learn in business school. Read what some young leaders say is helping them climb the ladder and watch video interviews with attendees at the AICPA Leadership Academy.
Full Story:Journal of Accountancy print issue

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|Michelle Caisse <Michelle.Cai...@Sun.COM>
|JDO TCK Conference Call Friday, Jan 13, 9 am PST
|Fri, 13 Jan 2006 03:15:58 GMT
Hi, We will have our regular meeting Friday, January 13 at 9 am PST to discuss JDO TCK issues and status. Dial-in numbers are: 866 230-6968 294-0479# International: +1 865 544-7856 Agenda: 1. Test status (Michael) 2. Split alltests.conf status (Michael) 3. Fieldtypes test status (Michelle) 4. Suggestion to split alltests.conf into separate configuration files (Craig and others) 4. Build clean-up and enhancements (Michelle) 5. Assertions in the spreadsheet, unimplemented assertion categories in JIRA (Criag) 6. Other issues (any and all) Action Items from weeks past: [Jan 6 2005] AI: Michael: need to add a public static final field in a public class to test fully qualified class name static field in query. [Jan 6 2005] The JIRA issues associated with detachment need to be cleaned up; they mixed the life cycle and behavior of detached and persistent-nontransactional-dirty objects. AI: Matthew and Craig to fix up. [Dec 23 2005] Graduation issues, changes to the repository (Craig) AI Craig: follow up with DB PMC to see if all committers should become members of db group. [Dec 23 2005] Query tests (Michael B) Looking at JDO-194 errors on Windows that don't happen on Linux. Might be a JRE bug. AI Martin file a Java bug so we know that there is a Java issue. [Dec 23 2005] Schema for versioning AI Craig: poll jdo expert group for what we should require for versioning implementations and then adapt the tck to use a required version strategy. Done. We will use version number strategy for TCK tests. [Dec 23 2005] Fetch depth discussion: The spec needs more information than is there in the PFD. AI Craig get more jdo experts involved in the discussion. [Dec 23 2005] Consistency requirements for mapped-by: AI Craig call for a vote in the expert group. Done. The vote passed. The spec will be updated to require consistency on both sides of relationships mapped via "mapped-by" metadata. [Dec 16 2005] JDO-220 jdoPostLoad callback not invoked during queries. AI: Michelle and Craig will take a look. Done. Working now. [Dec 9 2005] What optional feature is making inheritance mapping 3 fail? AI: Craig discuss with expert group. [Dec 9 2005]: Nontransactional write semantics appear to differ between optimistic and datastore transactions. Is this intentional? AI: Craig discuss with expert group. [Dec 2 2005] Inheritance 3 fails. Optimization of inheritance 1 where there is no table for abstract classes. JPOX doesn't support it. AI Craig: discuss this mapping with expert group. It might be an optional feature. [Nov 18 2005] AI: BEA to sign the donation paperwork for their test suite. Review how to merge their test cases into JDO TCK. [Nov 4 2005] AI Martin: Update Martin's wiki with discusion of JDK 1.5 issues. in progress [Oct 14 2005] AI: Michelle distill the mapping support that JPOX has into a list of features that are/are not supported. [Oct 14 2005] AI: Push jars to Apache repository (Craig) In progress. Several things need to be updated, including project.properties, project.xml and maven.xml. [Sep 2 2005] AI: To recruit members, update the web site. Articles on TheServerSide directing attention to the site. T-shirts, logo. AI: Craig write a ServerSide article. [Aug 12 2005] AI: Craig to propose release of API20 and the entire 11 release (API, RI, TCK). This generated a large response on the incubator alias. [Aug 5 2005] AI: Brian McCallister can send info on the instructions how to sync Apache and ibiblio. Re: Brian Topping needs info on creating a maven package. [July 29 2005] AI: Michelle Chapter 18 wiki needs to be updated to include all JDO metadata elements and attributes. [not done] [April 15 2005] AI: Brian Topping will update the wiki to tell how to access our releases area. [April 15 2005] AI: Brian Topping will do the maven goal for creating and uploading the snapshots. He will create a directory parallel to trunk called "releases" and put the snapshots there. [May 13 2005] AI: Brian Topping will arrange for automated nightly builds. [May 20 2005] AI: Craig to define the JCP distributions and see if maven can help.
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Toy grenade prompts NYC office building evacuationPackage containing toy grenade leads to office building evacuation near ground zero
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$80K - $100K - Evansville, IN
In this role, you will serve as technical expert with broad process knowledge, acting as master architect on larger and more complex projects. Be involved with commercial items, including estimating, cost tracking, etc. from concept through completion. Industry segments will focus on metals, mining, plastics, utilities, manufacturing, plus other industries as economics drive business opportunities.
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3752az Review
Good value.
I am a fashion jewelry designer. I have my own business. This chain was a chance discovery. Fine quality. Satisfied.
- How did the image on site compare with the actual product? exact
- Please tell us about the quality of the product. Fine quality
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Eat. Drink. Play. Watch. Over 40,000 square feet of fun!! With more than 200 games in the Million Dollar Midway. Win tickets playing the games and turn them in for great prizes in the Winner's Circle. Grab an appetizer at the bar, or head into the dining room for awesome dishes. With a full menu featuring burgers, steaks, seafood, pasta, salads and more, everyone will find something that satisfies. Watch sports on big screens and enjoy great deals on signature cocktails, beer and wine. Specials: 1/2 Price Games Wed - open to close. Eat & Play is $16.99 at this location, restrictions apply. House Policies: Under 18 need a parent or guardian. 6 minors per adult. Kiddie call 11pm.
CITY:Vernon Hills
Don and Penny's is a family owned bar in downtown Alton. Both Don and Penny can be found nearly ever night at the bar visiting with old friends or making new ones. If you're looking for a affordable home cooked meal and friendly people, you've come to the right place! Drink specials and live entertainment throughout the year.
Chicago Burger Company and CBC Lounge
Located on the scenic Chicago River, this casual burger restaurant boasts the classics! Known as a local favorite, Chicago Burger Company serves juicy all-American beef or turkey burgers, red hot Chicago dogs and salads to name a few. In addition to great food, Chicago Burger Company offers cool shakes, icy blended cocktails and local craft beers.
Bourbon's Lounge at the Par-A-Dice Hotel Casino
Unwind with a nightcap at Bourbon's Lounge, located in the Par-A-Dice Resort & Casino. A gorgeous wood interior united with live piano music and friendly service will create the perfect end to your day. Choose from an array of premium beers, wines, and spirits, or choose a selection from our list of specialty cocktails.
CITY:East Peoria
Gather your friends for fabulous food in a warm atmosphere featuring a spectacular 19th century historical bar. The menu selection offers great sandwiches, fantastic pizza, and dinner entrees. Enjoy over twenty different beers on tap at the mahogany back bar imported from Belgium by the Pabst Blue Ribbon Brewing Company.
Buck's is a Southern-inspired bar and restaurant that champions easy-drinking cocktails, biscuit sandwiches, and buckets of fried chicken in a fun and funky atmosphere. Buck's brings Chicago a taste of "Down South, Up North" and keeps the party going each and every night.
Come see what Crane Alley has to offer. The best sandwiches, entrees and fresh seafood specials in town, 16 beers on tap and over 100 import and domestic bottles, extensive wine list, 4 diamond professional pool tables and 80 seat beer garden.
This modern restaurant and bar lounge is one of the swankiest spots in downtown Champaign. Enjoy American Cuisine with an Asian flare as you sip cocktails in the vibrant atmosphere. The executive chef brings a range of experiences, from the Four Seasons Hotel and upscale Korean and French restaurants, that contributed to their exotic menu.
Pia's is Chambana's Number 1 Sports Bar! Known for airing every University of Illinois game, both home and away, Pia's is the perfect spot to ensure that you never miss a beat. Grab a refreshing brew and hang with your fellow Illini Fans as you chow down on their delicious nachos.
An award winning upscale Brazilian steakhouse featuring an extravagant 50 item salad area and various cuts of beef, chicken, lamb, pork and Brazilian sausage to sample from until you beg for mercy.
Great neighborhood bar & grill, serving lunch & dinner, famous for their Taco Thursdays!!
Bavette's is a European-Style steakhouse. The signature is a prime rib eye that is dry-aged in house. There is also a wide variety of fresh seafood, including a daily selection of fresh oysters, king crab, and shrimp cocktail. Bavette's also specializes in classic cocktails with a focus of brown spirits; and the value driven wine list is eclectic and global.
Lounge and bar. This location has a jukebox, open mic nights, and live entertainment. Offers daily drink specials.
Uno Pizzeria & Grill - Schaumburg
Chicago Style deep dish pizza is just the beginning. Try the steaks, salads, burgers and more!
Home of the hand-dipped double coated onion rings, Chico's offers daily food and drink specials. Burgers, sandwiches and wraps and pizzas are among the menu features. Karaoke each Wednesday. Hours: Sunday - Thursday, 11 a.m. - 1 a.m. and Friday - Saturday, 11 a.m. - 2 a.m.
CITY:Wood River
Columbus Tap offers a quintessential tap house experience, masterfully blending sophisticated offerings with neighborhood charm. Located inside the AAA Four-Diamond Fairmont Chicago, Millennium Park and offers guests a modern gastropub experience in the heart of Chicago.
Woodbine Bend Golf Course and Restaurant
Immaculate 18-hole links-style golf course offers a challenge and a great time for golfers of all skill levels. Enjoy fresh, delicious entree choices plus all-you-can-eat fish/seafood buffet on Friday, prime rib on Saturday & our homemade specialty pizzas in our club.
Mary's Family Dining offers affordable home-cooked meals served on white table cloths. Lunch specials and a salad bar are offered daily. Enjoy the friendly lounge area while you wait for your seat.
Live music venue and pub with full bar. Two stages and an extensive sound system accommodates a variety of live music and entertainment ranging from original songwriters, local talent and regional acts. Open F & S 4 p.m. to 12:30 p.m.
Enjoy great food, great atmosphere, and good company. Full bar, carry outs, children's menu, live entertainment, and catering. Friday Fish Fry. Banquet space for 180.
The Green Door Tavern of Chicago
From its earliest days, The Green Door Tavern has been a neighborhood favorite. It's warm wooden interiors, decorative backsplash of memorabilia from days long past, and down-to-earth staff have kept its many loyal customers happy through Chicago's bitter winters to its hot, summer nights. Over the years the menu has changed, but the theme has remained the same – "eat, drink, be merry"…and occasionally cheer for Chicago's winning sports stars – the Bears, Bulls, Hawks, Sox and Cubs.
Jimmy D's District is a local bar and restaurant in Arlington Heights. With a menu featuring everything from burgers to pizza to salad, and an extensive drink menu. It's a great place for any gathering!
CITY:Arlington Heights
Winner of the Aurora Area's Best Burger Competition Bull Moose offers an inventive menu, with fresh, quality ingredients offered at affordable prices. The Bull Moose has taken on a Cheers-type atmosphere, becoming the local meeting place in town. The spectacular bar provides a great place for afternoon drinks or late night partying. •Award-winning Burgers •Unique Sandwiches •An array of Appetizers •Steaks & Ribs and other delicious entrees •Homemade Soups & Desserts •Great place for both Lunch & Dinner •A Full-service Bar & an Outdoor Patio •Wireless Internet & an ATM •Daily Specials & a NEW Lunch Specials Menu •Dine-In & Carry-Out
Enjoy a drink in the large bar area on the main level or head upstairs to the happening dance club. Local and national bands on select nights.
Fun bar with dance floor, jukebox and pool tables. Keep an eye out for drink specials.
Located in the heart of downtown St. Charles, Alibi offers a variety of food, beer, wine, and cocktails. Live entertainment to suit everyone. Tell' em you were here!
CITY:St. Charles
Fast service barbecue in a casual atmosphere is the goal at Real Urban Barbecue. Counter service leads you through the ordering process where you choose your meats, sides, drinks and desserts. Meals can be enjoyed at one of the many available tables or carried out. Real Urban Barbecue offers family-style meals for carryout as well as special holidays orders for things like a Smoked Thanksgiving turkey. All meats are cooked on two smokers that are environmentally friendly and can smoke up to 600 pounds of meat a day. There is something for everyone to enjoy at Real Urban BBQ.
CITY:Highland Park
This downtown sports bar serves as both a restaurant and hot spot for nightlife. Chow down on their top-notch burgers, sip refreshing brews, and enjoy the sound of classic rock on the speakers. Did we mention they have an event space too? Perfect setting for an after-hours get together or even a wedding reception!
An exceptional neighborhood cocktail bar. A menu of creative craft cocktails, unique wines and local beers is accentuated by a menu of small plates. Also offering retail sales, private event planning, and wine and spirits tasting classes.
Buffalo Wild Wings offers lunch and dinner. It includes an atmosphere great for any sporting event or family gathering.
Stop by for real homemade Mexican food. Can enjoy us at our Alton, Godfrey or Bethalto locations. Don't forget the margarita! Hours: Sunday - Thursday, 11 a.m. - 10 p.m., Friday and Saturday, 11 a.m. to 10:30 p.m.
Shoeless Joe's Sports Bar and Grille
40 monitors, 4 big screens, and 25 satellite feeds. Open for lunch, dinner, and late night fare! Dancing, pool tables, and great looking "shoeless" girls!
Intimate wine and martini bar and fine wine shop. Unique selection of wines, spirits, and gift items. Saturday wine tastings.
BB's Grand Palace & Majestic Grill
Featuring Southern Illinois' largest dance club with live music every Tuesday - Saturday nights. Also featuring the Majestic grill with many lunch and dinner specials.
Stop by after work for Happy Hour with colleagues or other friends, or party late into the evening with friends either for a special occasion, perhaps its just the weekend, or just need a place to kick back and relax while having a few beverages. Food establishment too.
The Dock is a great place to meet friends and relax with outside seating along the Mississippi River and live entertainment on an outdoor bandstand.
Welcome to Seven Ten Lounge - Lincoln Park Seven Ten Lounge is an Art Deco bowling and billiard mecca sure to please even your most discerning of party guests. Seven Ten Lounge has various private party rooms that accommodate many types of private functions, for groups from 20 to 400. Enjoy bowling, pool, darts, good food, and a great beer list.
Legends, located in the heart of campus town, is the cornerstone of Illini pride. Established in 1998 and conceptualized in the spirit of the great Orange and Blue, they pay homage to the legends of yesteryear who walked the hallowed halls of the University of Illinois. Among the faces that adorn their walls are Dick Butkus, Harold "Red" Grange, John "Red" Kerr, Dike Eddleman, Jim Grabowski, Ray Nitscke, and Lou Boudreau – just to name a few. Proudly displayed, as well, is Red Grange's football jersey, Dike Eddleman's varsity letterman's sweater, and an unparalleled life-size replica of Chief Illinwek – a definite must see. And, the food is good too!
The Grove Inn is a family bar and grill. They have sand volleyball and live bands in the summer. Come out and relax on the patio!
Located in Historic Downtown Shelbyville, this family-owned restaurant has unique clockwork decor, original tile ceiling and exposed brickwork walls. The Longbranch Grill pride itself on its homemade food and casual atmosphere.
The Vine first started out as a small tapas bar and within two years had expanded their bar and restaurant into a full operation that continues to focus on using fresh and local ingredients and features over 75 cocktails. Everything, from food to drinks, is made in-house and prepared to order. We hope you enjoy your time at The Vine as much as we enjoy having you here.
GameWorks is the perfect place for your next event. You can eat, drink and play all under one roof! GameWorks has an awesome catering menu, private rooms and lounge areas, pool tables and state of the art video games. GameWorks provides options for groups of all sizes from 10 to 1200 guests.
A major list of appetizers highlight the menu at Magnums Bar and Grill. Also on the menu: sandwiches, a variety of steak dinners, ribs, frog legs and a unqiue array of open faced dinner sandwiches. Hours: Monday - Saturday, 11:30 a.m. - 9:45 p.m. and Sunday, Noon - 8:45 p.m.
CITY:East Alton
Are you in the mood for authentic Mexican food? Riviera Maya offers a great variety of Mexican cuisine. Stop in for a family dinner or margaritas with the girls. Fresh chips and salsa as soon as you sit down. Open daily 11 a.m. - 10 p.m.
Mr. Tequila Bar & Grill offers the best in Mexican food. Our menu includes chimichangas, enchiladas, burritos, quesadillas, fajitas and several other Mexican dishes.
Fitzgerald's was established in 2007 with the idea of offering Princeton and the surrounding communities a different atmosphere in which to enjoy good company, the finest drinks, unique entertainment and excellent service. We are committed to uphold these four areas of importance as they apply to the hospitality industry.
The Dock is a great place to meet friends and relax with outside seating along the Mississippi River and live entertainment on outdoor bandstand.
Bijan's offers bistro classics in comfort far beyond the interesting. Selections are contemporary and smart with a wide variety of possibilities.
Fine Dining and entertainment since 1960. This old-school steakhouse showcasing diverse cuts of beef & seafood & a full bar. If you are in the mood to relax and listen to some music, Jim's Steakhouse piano bar is the perfect place to go.
John Barleycorn offers a something-for-everyone menu featuring wraps, burgers, steaks and more. The venue features a 75ft. retractable glass roof.
Smart Bar, located downstairs from the venerable music venue, Metro, continues to take its sounds seriously. The nightly lineup includes cutting-edge goth, underground hip-hop, techno house music and more.
A traditional Irish Pub setting with a warm, fun and inviting atmosphere. We have twenty beers on tap and have been repeatedly told by customers that our Guinness pint is nothing short of outstanding. The menu has a nice variety of options and features delicious Irish fare, fish and chips, shepherd's pie and boxtys are some of our top sellers, plus we easily have the best burger in the region!
Combine gourmet burgers with a sharp bar atmosphere and you will have the Pump House Bar and Grill. The signature Pumpjack Burger is a great "go-to" burger with pepper jack cheese, onion jam, tomato jam and banana peppers. Sides are as fresh as the burgers and sandwiches. Hours: Daily 11 a.m. - 10 a.m. Bar is open until 2 a.m.
CITY:Wood River
Geno's 140 Club in Bethalto is a great place to have lunch or dinner. The original owners began Geno's in 1942. The same traditions of excellent food and friendly service were begun on their opening day and have continued. Famous for our steaks, stromboli and salads, Geno's 140 Club has a wide menu that has something for everyone. Pasta and sandwiches are offered alongside steak and chicken entrees, with generous portions to satisfy the appetite. Venture out to Bethalto for your next meal at Geno's 140 Club. We'll be happy to see you and you'll be glad you came.
Can't decide between delicious pizza and tantalizing Mexican food. Head to Tower Pizza and Mexican for an amazing selection of both!
Scorched Earth Brewing Company
Scorched Earth Brewing Co is a production brewery and tap room in Algonquin. Our world class beer can be found in local establishments throughout the area. The tap room regularly features local food trucks, live music, tours and other special events.
Owned & operated by Chef Christopher Ala, Hemmingway's has a classic bistro interior that brings back the grand charm of Paris in the early 1930's. French staples such as Coq au Vin, Cassoulet Toulousain, Bouillabaisse, Beef Wellington and Duck a l' Orange rotate as special offerings, while the seafood is delivered from the East coast fresh every day. Nestled inside the historic Write Inn, Hemmingway's is sure to leave diners feeling as though they've just dined in France with its enticing mix of soft lighting, cozy seating, and delicate dishes.
CITY:Oak Park
Nice atmosphere small bar, with an outside courtyard. Serving sandwiches and appetizers for lunch & dinner.
Located in Lockport, IL, just 40 miles southwest of Chicago's Loop, Broken Arrow features 27 holes of Championship Golf, Driving Range, and Banquet Venue. Broken Arrow utilizes the "Prolink" GPS System by GPS Industries on its entire fleet of Club Car Golf Carts. These large and easy to use systems act as "virtual caddies" designed to give you all the information you need. At a glance, golfers can see the entire hole, hazards, bunkers, and rough areas. This system also allows the golf shop to issue weather warnings and other messages to golfers. The clubhouse features a full service golf shop, snack bar, locker rooms, restaurant, and banquet room. Accommodating up to 250 guest events, the Banquet Room is perfect for making your dream event a reality! With 27 holes of Championship Golf, Restaurant, and Banquet Venue, Broken Arrow has plenty to offer.
An eclectic urban bar with warm surroundings, filled with nightlife photography, hand-laid tile artwork and other local architectural touches. Made famous for handcrafted signature martinis, also features an exceptional selection of uniquely presented American food traditionally and regionally inspired, including small plates, burgers and sandwiches. While beer and wine connoisseurs will be impressed with extensive selection of imports, microbrews and over 20 wines by the glass, cocktail drinkers will revel in signature martinis, mojitos and margaritas made from the highest quality ingredients.
The Smoke Daddy is a must see in one of Chicago's hottest, and most eclectic neighborhoods. The best and most flavorful BBQ in the Windy City also brings you more character than any neighborhood rib joint has to offer. All their meats are smoked in house each day in the "Lil Red Smoker." With great Live Music 7 nights a week at no cost. Do yourself a favor and stop in for some amazing, world-renowned BBQ and enjoy the funky rhythms.
The Old Bakery Beer Company offers high quality local food and beer to downtown Alton. The brewery and restaurant, located at 400 Landmarks Boulevard, has been home to at least 3 bakeries over the last 100 years. Old Bakery Beer will offer four year- round beers, including a Wheat IPA, Rye Pale Ale, Mild Brown Ale, and a Pilsner-style Beer, as well as several rotating seasonal and local guest taps. Hours of Operation: Monday - Thursday 11:30 a.m. to 10 p.m., Friday & Saturday 11:30 a.m. - 12 a.m. and Sunday 10 a.m. to 7 p.m.
The BoodaLu Steakhouse / Muddy Dog Bar is located in Quincy, IL a few hundred feet from the Mississippi River in a beautiful, old, restored building. Our staff is dedicated to consistently providing great service, delicious food, and superb beverages all within a warm and inviting place with a view of the Mississippi River. We want our guests to have a satisfying dining experience every time they visit. Our menu is "classic steakhouse" and features great steaks, chops, seafood and salads. We serve only aged, certified Angus beef, which includes prime rib eye and KC strip steaks. We buy the best we can and cook it the way you like. We have an extensive wine list and offer classic cocktails like a Rob Roy or a Harvey Wallbanger but we can make nearly any libation you want.
A fun place to eat and drink, near the Quincy University campus. A Quincy favorite, open for dinner only. Unique recipes compliment a casual sports bar atmosphere. Check out our website.
Anyway's Chicago Restaurant & Pub
Classic neighborhood restaurant & pub is a favorite for gatherings of all occasions. Banquet rooms available. Bar has a traditional urban feel with pool tables, darts, video gaming, and plenty of TVs. Also popular are the all-season porch room and outdoor beer garden.
CITY:Oakbrook Terrace
Try the "Big Mac" pizza at JR's Place in Hartford and you'll be hooked. This signature pizza tastes just like it's famous namesake burger, but in pizza form. The menu is for those adventurous diners who like to step outside the box when they eat. The kitchen closes early on Saturdays and is not open on Sundays.
Harry's of Arlington is a local's favorite bar and restaurant. Located in downtown Arlington Heights it is where fun is had by all! Come on by with family and friends for dinner and one of our many drink options.
CITY:Arlington Heights
The casual elegance of art deco and brasserie-inspired cuisine come together in deca restaurant + bar – a new dining scene on the Magnificent Mile in The Ritz-Carlton Chicago, a Four Seasons Hotel. The recent recipent of a Michelin Bib Gourmand Award, deca celebrates the latest culinary trends with inventive twists on classic dishes. Executive Chef Mark Payne's market driven menus showcase the ingredients from farmers near and far with his innovative cooking style. The authenticity of the cuisine and the warmth of a stylish, comfortable setting is enhanced by approachable and personable service making for a memorable experience morning to night.
Billiards galore! Live music on Wednesdays, Fridays and Saturdays.
Located on the Chicago River, RIVER ROAST offers dramatic city and water views from every seat - inside and out. James Beard award-winning Chef Tony Mantuano and Executive Chef John Hogan's menu of contemporary American tavern fare is satisfying and soul-warming. Meat, fish and veggies are roasted and carved tableside. Inventive drinks are on draft and cold-brewed cocktails from two slow drip infusion towers are offered alongside a large selection of local and Midwestern beers, craft cocktails, and wine.
Buffalo Wild Wings Grill & Bar
A fun, family-friendly restaurant with a full menu that features award-winning traditional wings, boneless wings, chicken tenders, naked tenders, spun in one of 14 signature sauces. From barbeque to blazin', there's a sauce for everyone in the family. The menu also includes burgers wraps, salads, ribs and more. With a multitude of plasmas and big screen tv's it's the perfect place to watch your favorite team.
This chef owned since 1987 restaurant, offers a great line-up of "True Bistro Dishes", with special menu items available monthly. Offering Daily Specials available "A la Carte" or as a 3 Course Prix-Fixe Dinner. Gluten free, vegetarian and kids menus available. Private room for parties of up to 50 people.
CITY:Lake Zurich
Food, drinks, specials and live music. 221 North Main Street
CITY:Maple Park
Elder's Family Restaurant has been providing some of the best local flavor to the Tri-State area for over forty years. A Quincy tradition at 18th & State since 1970, Elder's continues to serve the appetites of generations of area residents. Owned by the Vogel Family for over thirty years, their staff offers decades of combined experience in the restaurant industry.
A great get-together neighborhood tavern. Don't miss the Crab Races every Thursday night.
Food, drinks and entertainment.
Metro St. Louis premier country night spot. Free country dance lessons on Wednesdays. Dance mix music and country featured.
Food, drinks, package liquor and entertainment.
The Rusty Fox Wine and Alehouse
We offer a full line-up of quality wines and micro-brews for your enjoyment. Always bringing in new beverage offerings.
Bennigan's Irish-American Grill and Tavern
Bennigan's Irish-American Grill and Tavern is a casual restaurant known for our great American food, large selection of beers and our special brand of Irish hospitality.
CITY:Rock Falls
Enjoy bar and pub style food including burgers, sandwiches, homemade soups, salads, and pizza. Full bar, catering and entertainment.
Helping you dodge life's curveballs since 1969. Founded in 1969, legend has it because Curt wasn't allowed into a tavern within 30 miles of Genoa, Hill's Tap remains nearly the same as the day it opened. It's hard to imagine why, 45 years ago, he thought he could provide for a growing family with a shot and a beer saloon, but I think many of us are a bit better off because of it.
Classic neighborhood bar and restaurant with four vintage hand-set bowling lanes, gorgeous billiards room and huge outdoor patio.
Food, drinks and entertainment.
A student coffee house and entertainment. A non-alcoholic venue for college students.
Walk-Ins Welcome. We are great for groups and kids. Take out and delivery available.
The Beer Market is an old-world specialty beer pub with a lively, modern twist and charm. Featuring over 500+ microbrews, craft, flavored, organic, gluten-free, seasonal, and other specialty beers, wines, and beverages, The Beer Market is sure to quench the thirst of our distinguished guests. The wide variety of beverage choices are complemented by an open seating area and live entertainment delivered from our mezzanine stage.
Known for their cheeseballs appetizer, the Pub 2 is a hot spot for everyone! Offering numerous TVs, pub grub & a beer garden for sports fans & students since 1974.
Casually cool; Neighborhood restaurant and bar featuring oversized sandwiches and artfully concocted signature drinks. Private room rental available
Since 1995, Stir Crazy has been serving their Asian fare in a fun, vibrant atmosphere with a focus on fresh, quality ingredients and bold flavors to deliver a truly unique casual dining experience for its guests.
Elijah P.'s Burgers and Brews is a themed restaurant that celebrates Alton area history. Menu includes gourmet burgers, and other upscale menu items. Also serving 60 different beers on tap.
White Chocolate Restaurant and Bar
Created by the makers of White Chocolate Grill, White Chocolate is an American restaurant with modern approachability. "White Chocolate" offers a menu that meets the flight to quality the American dining public is seeking in a comfortable setting with friendly, consistently attentive service. A focused menu offers hardwood grilled favorites like Award-Winning Citrus-Soy Salmon and Tender BBQ Ribs. A full bar with eight televisions and plenty of seating, an offering of a dozen wines by the glass, craft beers and (of course) the finest selection of American Bourbons and Whiskeys make White Chocolate a neighborhood destination. Stop in for a drink, have a great dinner or make it a quick lunch. At White Chocolate we are eager to serve you.
A fusion restaurant created for a common ground for all to eat at and enjoy fun company. the best dishes from different countries and areas combined into "ONE." Now serving Thai, American, Tapas, Lickin's Smoked BBQ and additional Worldly foods from various Culinary Traditions.
This rowdy watering hole is a staple on the Division Street nightlife scene. Perhaps its most famous role has been as the hangout in the hit '80s flick About Last Night. Enjoy a D.J. every night and karaoke on featured evenings.
Great food, casual atmosphere and fun crowd. CLOSED MONDAY, open at 2 pm on TUESDAY, otherwise open daily at 11:30 am and serving lunch.
Savor the pleasures of an intimate cocktail lounge located just off the lobby of the Homestead. This warm, cozy spot is perfect of a quiet drink, light supper, or an impromptu cocktail gathering with friends. Guest can order from either the eclectic bar menu or from the Quince dinner menu.


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2005 Ford Mustang Car Reviews
Clear all filters (1 of 1 reviews match)
My son purchases a used 2005 Ford Mustang with about 89000 miles on it less than 6 weeks ago. He was shown this convertible on a nice sunny day. He has never driven a clutch and the salesman knew that. Also he was approved for a 5000 loan and they sold him a 8000 car. Which I do get was his decision. But come on, you show him a gorgeous mustang convertable on a sunny day with a clutch. He asked for an automatic when he came to buy. Now the...Read more
I liked
- Care when purchased
I didn't like
- Being told i make the clutch fail
#948664 by anonymous


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Products of the Educ'Gym range can also be linked to this range in order to create many different circuits.
This module is used alone or with the Ref : 0345 - 0344
Made from polyurethane foam, 1000 denier PVC cover with M2 fire rating, with high density foam for strong support. Anti-slip base.
This raised incline section has been studied in order to be adapted according to the user's abilities.
Thanks to its central opening, users can work on the rolls and be more confident during the descent.
New range of foam modules specially adapted for disabled adults making gymnastics accessible to all.
Allows both adults and children to develop self-control. Positive impact on self confidence.
Dimensions: 160 x 100 x 72 cm (LxH)
Central opening witdth: 30 cm
With 4 carrying handles
Please contact us for the manufacturing time
Use the number below and let us guide you.
(+33)4 91 87 51 20


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Results 1 to 6 of 6
January 10th, 2011, 09:01 PM #1
account suspended
- Join Date
- November 29th, 2006
- Posts
- 17
Hello just after christmas our account was suspended with google affiliate.
No warnings , no reason , we just went to log in and received a message stating that our account had been suspended.
We have sent a number of emails to google affiliate , both there email and threw the ticket system with still no response.
We had alot of money invested in traffic and alot of money owed to us.
Can the modulator here please help us out.
January 12th, 2011, 07:34 PM #2
- Join Date
- November 29th, 2006
- Posts
- 17
Modulator ? is there still one on this board ?
January 12th, 2011, 10:49 PM #3
GAN does have a moderator who frequents this forum. My recommendation is to contact the merchants you made money for and have them advocate for you.
January 14th, 2011, 11:21 AM #4
- Join Date
- November 29th, 2006
- Posts
- 17
January 14th, 2011, 03:15 PM #5
I don't think the GAN moderator is going to be able to get your account reactivated. If you made good sales and honest sales then your merchant would go to bat for you.
January 19th, 2011, 03:30 PM #6
Can you send me your publisher ID?
Thank you,
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550i... $39,899
Genesis $24,374
Used 2014 BMW 550i xDrive
34,784 miles
Used 2016 Cadillac ATS
19,124 miles
Used 2013 Hyundai Genesis
37,798 miles
Sponsored Everett Buick GMC of Bentonville 866-772-4919 2517 SE Best Lane
Bentonville, AR 72712
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- Doors: Two Door Coupe
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Learned from My Brother
"While I was visiting my brother's home, he said this prayer before we ate, and I've never forgotten it," says Elizabeth McBride of Hesston, Kansas.
Some have meat but cannot eat.
Some would eat but have no meat.
We have meat and we can eat.
For this we thank You, Lord.


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Now that "blogger engagements" are becoming ever-so popular among brands wanting to establish a long-term relationship with influential opinion leaders in the blogosphere, the public is seeking ways to avoid becoming victim of this new phenomena of brand-to-blogger bribery game.
Personally, my take to this question would be a "NO". And Why?
First, one of the reasons blogging came about was because of distrust in the press. Before Web 2.0 we grew up believing that the journalists job was to defend our interests. But given that many journalists work for a privately-owned publication their outputs would in one way or the other be determined by the company CEO. Probably because too many people heard about the bad examples set by Rupert Murdoch that brought about the rise of "blogs" as the new watchdogs of society. "Bloggers" are basically "freedom writers".
Bloggers wouldn't RISK their reputation for a few bucks from brands because:
1. Bloggers take full ownership of the content in their blogs, thus they are liable of any fraud or inaccurate information on their blog.
2. Bloggers don't want to drive away readers
3. A blog's success is built on credibility (and building a successful blog is as hard as building a successful career)
4. Bloggers would not give away a forest in return for a tree.
5. A blog is probably the greatest establishment of a blogger. Bloggers can't be bloggers without a blog. No one would kill their own babies.


text: A much debated point; however for interest I decided to do a quick wages comparison. The results are fairly shocking in that regulars are paid on average 10% more than their TA counterparts. This on top of much reduced living costs etc, etc (X-factor). Is this how the much publicised 'One Army' concept will work? Is it an army on the cheap? Discuss. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- To clarify:- 1) These figures have been taken from the Army Careers website. 2) Where pay increases within each rank the lowest figure has been taken. 3) The regular daily rate is the annual pay divided by 365 4) The table is arranged in ascending pay order not ascending rank order 5) For % TA pay has been taken as 100%. Thus regulars are displayed as a percentage of TA Edited to resolve formatting issues


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This Sunday 10th June Centro Galleria is open in support of the Princess Margaret Hospital Foundation from 10am-6pm. There's kids' activities all day long - dancing, music, face painting, balloon twisting, sausage sizzle, a teddy bear hospital for your injured bears to be repaired at, a fair and more! http://www.centrogalleria.com.au/whatson.php?ciid=8818
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Centro Galleria