text:
5455 N Main St UNIT 8A, Fall River MA, 02720
Sold Price:
2 beds , 1 Full baths
724 sqft
Status: Sold
Listing Provided Courtesy Of: THE MELLO GROUP, INC.
Kinlin Grover Real Estate Real Living
Last Updated: 2/20/2017 12:26 PM
Description for 5455 N Main St UNIT 8A Fall River, MA 02720
Well Kept 2 Bed Condo Featuring an Open Floor Plan, Fully Applianced Kitchen with Island Seating, AC, Coin-Op Laundry in Building and Assigned Parking. Subject to Lender Approval of a Short Sale.
Sold Price:
Sold Date:12/31/2015
1 Full
724 (approx)
Well Kept 2 Bed Condo Featuring an Open Floor Plan, Fully Applianced Kitchen with Island Seating, AC, Coin-Op Laundry in Building and Assigned Parking. Subject to Lender Approval of a Short Sale.
Listing Information
Gas Water Heater
Circuit Breaker Box
Room Information
Kitchen, Living Room
First Floor Master Bedroom
Interior Features
Range, Dishwasher, Disposal, Refrigerator
Carpet Wall to Wall, Vinyl
Window Air Conditioning
Gas Heat, Forced Air
Exterior / Lot Features
1 Parking Spaces, Off Street, Assigned Parking Space, Paved Driveway
Public Transport, Close To Shops, Park Adjacent, Golf Course, Highway Access
Driving Directions
North Main St.
Financial Considerations
Listing Price History
Fall River Real Estate
Fall River is located in Massachusetts. Fall River, Massachusetts 02720 has a population of 89,049.
The median household income in Fall River, Massachusetts 02720 is $34,437. The median household income for the surrounding county is $55,995 compared to the national median of $53,046. The median age of people living in Fall River 02720 is 38.1 years.
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text:
Interesting day today...bubs has slept in blocks of just over 2 hours...we decided that even though he's newborn and we've been told there's 'no time' for a lot of stimulation at this point we noticed that Orlando has been more alert so DH was on his play mat with him for a while and he lay on his back and then had tummy time he loved it! We also did our first family walk today I pushed the pram and DH had the dogs and we walked up to the park and back - was beautiful! So nice to get out for some vitamin d and fresh air! My MILs bday today so we also drove round to their house for the first time and she was so pleased to see her grandson at 'casa di nonna' got home had time to eat dinner together before he woke. Then had a nice bath (which he screamed through) and a big feed and he went down for 2hrs 45 mins! Sorry for essay but its been a good day! Just woke up and hopefully tonight will be a good night too! To say that I need the sleep is an understatement lol!!
Glad you had a good day SL, hope it was a good night!
Whoops sent without finishing! Ivy slept from 11:45 - 4!!! Then we have fed at 4 and again now at 630 but I'm happy with that, most likely a 1 off but ill take it nonetheless .
Haha nice one nicsta! We had a better night like you probably a once off but I'll take it! Longest stint awake was 11.30-2am which is a big improvement! He slept from 2-4.15 and then again from 5.15-7.40 so we got in a couple of stints of 2 hours sleep! I'm hoping he'll go down easily after this feed so that I can have a quick brekky and go back to bed for another couple of hours! The only hard part about getting more sleep is that it's much harder to wake up and also it makes me feel more tired in general even though I know my body is better off
We had a better night too (maybe something in the air!!!!)
She went from 9.30 to 1
Then woke at 4 then 7!
It feels semi normal to only be up twice!!
Our good run came to an end last night maddison was awake most of it
She last woke at 6 am slept till 9am now asleep again hubby has taken the in laws out thank god house to our selves just maddison and I
Mrs simmo.. It's hard enough with a new Bub, but having your in laws too must be really hard! My dad was here for 2 weeks while Ella was in hospital and it drove me batty!!!
You are doing amazing!!!!!
I still cry at the drop I the hat is that normal ??? Oh has you GD gone mine did as soon as maddison was born an her sugars were fine still have to have the 6 wk test tho so finger cross
sorry this is a bit late - my DD! is still a nightmare and im so busy disciplining her!
have you tried wrapping him semi tightly and placing him in the bouncer, then turning on ABC2 - "in the night garden" at 630pm - when they are tired it helps if their arms aren't flapping everywhere and sometimes they sit contently for a while. theres something mesmorising about in the night garden for little ones. alternatively baby einstein DVDs are good too....
but in the end 5-630 is a good stretch for a little one too.
AFM: my little elizabeth sleep from a 8pm feed to 3 am - then awake again at 7 am.... shes done this for the last 3 ngihts so im hoping its a pattern but who knows - they change all the time!! however im not getting any sleep as my DD1 devil is up til 10pm screaming and causing mayhem - stomping feet, crying, broke her door the other night - she is way out of control and we are at a loss. weve tried everything, reward charts, the hard line, specail mummy time, walks, treats, but not yet resorted to spanking but ive contemplated it ti be honest.
for those of you struggling with feeding - elizabeth is 6 weeks now and ive just got the breast feeding to be painfree on the right and only slightly painful on the left. it is a hard struggle and i guess my only advise is set a time limit to how long you want to keep trying for, and if its still not working - say at 10 weeks, then consider giving it up....??/? My feeding experience with DD1 was horrific and i wish i handt perserved so long at it as it did tarnish my early memories of my baby.
have a good day girls - try to get some rest.
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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Aug 3, 2010
|Filing date
|Nov 9, 2005
|Priority date
|Aug 12, 2005
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|William Bradford Silvernail, Jody Snow, John Glenn, David Ridgway, Joseph Huang, Christopher Church, Olivier Singla, Paul Kehle
|Original Assignee
|William Bradford Silvernail, Jody Snow, John Glenn, David Ridgway, Joseph Huang, Christopher Church, Olivier Singla, Paul Kehle
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (23), Referenced by (58), Classifications (27), Legal Events (8)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Application 60/707,523, filed Aug. 12, 2005.
The 2nd Generation Mobile Digital Video Recorder (MDVR) is referred to as the Improved Mobile Digital Video Recorder system or TransitCAM Platform. The TransitCAM Platform consists of the MDVR and all possible components and configurations necessary to support safety and surveillance activities requiring audio, video, and transaction data of evidentiary quality. Various configurations of the TransitCAM platform will serve two primary markets, Public Safety and Transit. This document defines the Product Design Specification for the TransitCam Product developed by Integrian, Inc. The TransitCam product is focused on the Transit market—Municipal Bus, Commuter Rail/Light Rail and ParaTransit/School Bus—with a priority on the safety and surveillance needs of the Municipal Bus market.
This invention relates generally to a mobile security system for mass transit vehicles in which multiple cameras capture a plurality of images that are integrated with sound and data of interest and saved to a storage device. The cameras continuously record images from a plurality of directions and points of view that are of interest in protecting the vehicle and the occupants of the vehicle, monitoring the interior of the mass transit vehicle, and providing a video, audio, and data record of events that are preset as trigger events, such as a collision.
Installing a camera in a security vehicle such as a patrol car is known in the art. Attaching a digital video recorder to capture video, audio and text is also know as is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 6,831,556, issued to Boykin et al. However, these systems are intended to provide a record of activities that are from a single point of view, that of the operator of the patrol car, that may be used later in evidentiary proceedings. The systems in the prior art do not address multiple points of view within and surrounding vehicles composed of multiple components, such as those composing a train, or that are more that 40 feet long. Prior art systems also do not address data streams integrated together to provide a complete picture of all activities occurring within the viewing envelope, a continuous record of all imagery, sound, and data for said envelope of interest, with all of the information stored in digital media for real time and after-the-fact viewing by interested parties, such as a transit supervisor or security expert.
The Improved Mobile Video Recordation System addresses the shortcomings in the prior art with innovations that develop and hold a defensive audio and video envelope for the protection and safety of the users of a mass transit vehicle. In addition, the imagery data, including audio and other types of data, is continuously recorded to a storage device, with higher quality video automatically stored as the result of a trigger event.
The present invention is an elegant solution to the problems inherent in systems that are designed as an adjunct to law enforcement activities and not intended for the broader needs of private companies and agencies charged with providing for the safety and security of users of all types of mass transit.
The Improved Mobile Digital Video Recording (IMDVR) System was created as a means to provide for security and safety for users of all types of mass transit systems. The primary means for gathering information about the interior and immediate exterior proximity of the mass transit vehicle is through the use of from two to eight video cameras and a plurality of audio microphones per vehicle or car. The input audio and video data information from these devices is synchronized and combined with data from other input devices that gather operational, control, maintenance, analytic and telemetry data to produce an integrated information data stream. This integrated information data stream is stored in real-time to hi-capacity storage devices installed within a mass transit vehicle, and, in addition, to hi-capacity storage devices located external to the mass transit vehicle. Transfer of the integrated information stream to an external hi-capacity storage device is effected through wired or wireless communication channels.
Power is provided to the system from the vehicle power source. The power system includes a separate battery, which is used for smoothing the power profile to the IMDVR system, and emergency charger to insure continuous operation of the recording function. The power supply system also includes a software controlled voting function that decides whether to supply power to the IMDVR from the vehicle source or the battery backup based upon the instant power profile. The power supply system is responsible for adjusting input power to provide a plurality of voltage levels required by the various sub-systems within the IMDVR.
The primary mission of the IMDVR is to capture continuous video, audio, data and meta-data information from the moment the system comes online until some time after the vehicle is shut down, said time span being configurable by the user. In support of this mission, the IMDVR utilizes two modes for recording—normal mode and an event mode. Each mode records two separate integrated data streams simultaneously with one integrated data stream recoded in low-resolution and a second integrated data stream recorded in high-resolution. The definitions of low-resolution and high-resolution are user configurable and dependent upon the frame rate, bit rate, and image resolution chosen for each level of resolution, however, low-resolution is configured to result in a smaller storage file size than high-resolution.
In normal mode, the low-resolution integrated data stream is saved to the on-board high-capacity storage device in non-erasable data files, and the high-resolution integrated data stream is saved to a portion of the high-capacity storage device that has been constructed as a ring buffer with a configurable storage limit. The storage limit may be set to hold between 1 and 180 seconds of continuous recording of the high-resolution integrated data stream. At the end of the configurable storage limit, the data stored at the beginning of the buffer is overwritten with the most current data from the integrated data stream. This process continues with the most current data overwriting the next position in the buffer such that the buffer always contains the most recent recording of the integrated data stream. This circular buffer therefore contains the most recent 1 to 180 seconds of the high-resolution integrated data stream.
Event mode is triggered by a plurality of pre-set events, such as notification by an integral rules engine that a certain speed has been exceeded, a crash has occurred, or the driver hits a panic button, for example, or multiple events such as the opening of a vehicle door when the speed is greater than zero. In event mode, the high-resolution integrated data stream is redirected from the circular buffer directly to the high-capacity storage device in place of the low-resolution integrated data stream. In addition, the circular buffer, containing the previous 1 to 180 seconds of the high-resolution integrated data stream is prepended to the data files created on the high-capacity storage device such that the data from the integrated data stream record now contains a full data record from the configurable time prior to the trigger event until the event mode times out. At which time the IMVDR system returns to normal mode recording.
The IMVDR system internal communication is supported by the MDVR data bus and the Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) bus. The I2C bus communicates with the General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) controller and systems external to the IMDVR that provide data or control information critical to the operation of the IMDVR. These systems include sensing ignition of the mass transit vehicle, the real-time clock, a Global Positioning System (GPS) input, vehicle forward/reverse and speed sense, etc. The MDVR data bus provides communication between all other components of the IMVDR system.
The IMVDR communicates stored data files to an external high-capacity storage and retrieval server through wired or wireless communication channels. In wired mode, a user may attach an Ethernet cable to an Ethernet port integrated into the front or rear panel of the IMVDR or, optionally, retrieve the removable on-board high-capacity storage device. If an Ethernet connection is established, data files are transmitted from the on-board high-capacity storage device to the external server, which then saves the files to the high-capacity storage device on the external server. If the removable on-board high-capacity storage device is removed it is then docked with the external server and the files downloaded into the high-capacity storage device on the external server. In wireless mode, the IMDVR establishes a network communication path with an external server through the use of an integral wireless modem. Once the wireless communication path is established, data files are transmitted from the on-board high-capacity storage device to the external server, which then saves the files to the high-capacity storage device on the external server.
In addition to the input data streams from video and audio devices, the IMVDR provides standard connectors for a plurality of external systems. These connectors include DB9 and Universal Serial Bus (USB) connectors for attaching external devices to support the mission of the IMDVR. For example, these devices can include a monitor, keypad, output from intra-vehicle data sources such as the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) J1708 and J1939 buses, or other devices deemed necessary to the optimal operation of the IMVDR.
The invention also involves a computer server and software modules required to configure, operate, maintain, and administer the IMVDR system.
The functionality can be seen split between the MDVR 100 and the power supply 300 unit. There is a serial communications link between the two components for accessing and controlling the various functions. This interface is a 2-wire serial interface.
Real Time Clock Operation
The real-time clock 502 and associated battery are located in the power supply unit 300. Access to clock functions will be over an I2C interface 500 to the Power Supply Processor (PSP) 501. The real time clock 502 is polled at power up to set the time for the system. The real time clock can be updated through GPS time data or Network Time Protocol (NTP) during docking. Standard functions include current time and current date. If the MDVR 100 is off, a periodic, repeatable, wake-up alarm (with configurable duration) is used to implement a "wake up and look" scheme for the WiFi interface.
Accelerometer Operation
The Accelerometer will be located in the MDVR 100 unit. It is a single 3-axis device accessed by the PSP 501 over the I2C bus 500. The accelerometer will measure at minimum 3G with a 0.01 G resolution.
The accelerometer can be pre-configured with a threshold. If this threshold is exceeded the PSP 501 will be notified and in turn the PSP 501 will notify the GPP 101 so that appropriate action can be taken. Polling of the accelerometer by the PSP 501 will occur at a maximum of 10 milliseconds.
GPS Operation
The GPS module 610 will be mounted externally to the power supply 300. The electrical interface will be via the DB-15 connector located on the power supply interface board.
The GPP 101 will communicate directly with the GPS module 610. The module will generate location messages as well as data reliability information so that an assessment of the readings can be made in software. These will include signal strength, EPE, number of satellites, etc.
The GPS 610 incorporates Dead Reckoning (DR) as not only a backup for positioning when satellites are not in view, but also as a sanity check for GPS information in urban canyon environments. To accomplish the DR function, a gyroscope will be used. The gyroscope can accurately measure inertial changes in the X and Y axis. Since the unit can be mounted in either the horizontal or the vertical plane, the gyroscope must also be mounted with the X and Y axis in the horizontal plane.
General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) Operation
Twelve general purpose inputs 612 are provided to interface external trigger devices to the system. These inputs are read over the I2C bus 500 of the PSP 501. Through configuration, the inputs can be set for either active high or active low operation.
Three general purpose outputs are provided to control devices external to the system. Control of these devices is accomplished via on board relays. Relay contacts are rated for 24 VDC at a maximum current of 1.0 amp.
Control of outputs and notification of input triggers is accomplished by the PSP 501 and passed to and from the GPP 101 over the serial interface.
Access to the GPIO 600 is done through the terminal block connected to the DB-37 connector on the power supply.
Power Supply Operation
The power supply 300 generates all primary power used by the system. In consists of six switching power supplies, generating 9.5 VDC 308, 3.3 VDC 306, 1.4 VDC 305, 1.5 VDC 307, 5.0 VDC 304 and 12.0 VDC 303. These power supplies are enabled/disabled by a microcontroller 501, which is powered by its own 3.3 VDC LDO regulator. Additionally, a back up battery 301 is provided that maintains full operation of the system for 10 minutes in case the primary power to the unit is interrupted.
The microcontroller 501 not only controls the individual power supplies, but also monitors/controls GPIO 610 external to the unit. It monitors current to the cameras and fans, while also enabling/disabling them as required.
Pre-Event Buffer Operation
The Pre-Event Buffer is used only in non-event mode (Video only): in this case, two recording for the same video source (one camera per DSP) are performed, one in low-resolution (saved to High-Capacity Storage (HCS 730)), and the other in high-resolution mode (saved into the pre-event buffer). Note that the pre-event buffer is using the HCS 730 only, and not the memory. There is one HCS file for all video frames between 2 I-Frames, e.g. if the pre-event buffer is configured to hold 30 seconds, and there is one I-frame each 30 frames (30 fps recording), there will be 30 files for each camera input using a pre-event buffer. This method allows an easy file roll-over.
HCS Cache Operation
An HCS 730 buffering scheme has been implemented in order to minimize the access to the HCS 730 and improve performance. A DSP delivers the Audio/Video (A/V) compressed frames to the core_app 800 program, which queues the frames into a FIFO (Shared Memory Queue). The av_wdisk 811 process reads the frames from the Shared Memory Queue and writes them to the HCS 730.
Instead of writing frames directly to the HCS 730, the frames are saved in memory, at a location where a dedicated software component can retrieve them at a later time and then save them to the HCS 730. This process optimizes the disk access time and minimizes the time the HCS 730 is in use, saving electrical and processing power. The HCS cache is implemented as a C++ class, which accepts several parameters to determine operational limits and timing for the process. These parameters include the amount of total memory allocated for the cache, and the percentage of cache used before the data must be stored to the HCS 730.
The HCS cache maintains statistic information that the main application can query and use for information, debugging and tuning purposes such as the maximum cache space utilization, average cache space utilization, minimum, maximum, and average cache flush time, and the average disk writing time (MB/sec).
OSD Operation
An On-Screen Display (OSD) is provided via a hardware OSD chip placed in line between the video inputs and the hardware video decoders.
The OSD inserts text into the video prior to compression. The text includes date, time, and camera name up to 12 characters. OSD information is provided on a per camera basis.
The OSD hardware chip may also be placed directly within any one of the DSP's (210-214), in order to minimize the number of chips required in the system.
Wireless Modem
The embedded wireless modem is 802.11 g. It is used for video and data transfer to the external system server (TVMS) during docking. The wireless modem is also used for local streaming. In this case a computer with 802.11 g capability in close proximity to the MDVR 100 can view real time video from any camera 250 within the system.
Primarily the wireless modem used is from DPAC, which has an Ethernet interface. Additionally, an 802.11 g PCMCIA card may be used.
Streaming Operation
Live and stored streaming both use the Session Description Protocol (SDP) to describe a streaming session and all media to be viewed within that session. Streaming descriptions include elements from the core SDP standard, RTP/AVP standard, MPEG4 elementary stream standards, and custom attributes defined by the streaming server. A custom library handles SDP generation and parsing. Streaming descriptions are retrieved via HTTP. The client will request the streaming description either 1) when the user initiates playback of one or more video streams, or 2) when the MDVR discovery process determines that live streaming should be started.
Live streaming uses a custom RTSP-like command set over HTTP to setup, play, pause and teardown the streaming session. Video and audio elementary stream data are transported using standard RTP packets; the MDVR 100 pushes the packets to the client(s) as live content become available.
The stored streaming process uses HTTP to transport video, audio, and data frames to an output device. The client pulls frames as needed from the MDVR 100 using custom URL queries and HTTP headers.
Streaming Server
The streaming description and control interfaces use the same HTTP server framework as device manager, allowing the streaming server to leverage the same encryption and authentication mechanisms as well. This takes advantage of database and file system access routines from the device manager in order to generate session descriptions and send back stored frame data. The streaming server implements custom handlers within the HTTP server framework for each of the required control and data requests.
File Transfer Operation
For retrieval of video and audio frames and per-frame information, docking relies on the streaming server and uses the same HTTP requests as the streaming client in order to transfer all or part of an elementary stream.
Driver Display Operation
An interface to a driver video display is provided 655. This interface contains power, video, RS-485 communications and contact closure interfaces. A button on the driver display will allow live video viewing to be switched between any of the connected cameras. Depending on the display control interface, this can be accomplished either through the RS-485 communications link or through pulling one of the contact closure lines low.
Audio Processing
Input audio processing is handled through a stereo codec 410. This allows up to two channels of audio input to the system. Each audio input can handle either line or microphone levels. The input level selected will be determined by the audio input on the appropriate pin on the connector. Digital audio will be passed from the codec to a DSP for MPEG4 (AAC-LC) compression.
Output audio process is also handled by the same codec 410 as the audio input. In this case, the stereo audio is summed to produce a mono audio output at line level. Audio output contains information from a streaming input from a device external to the unit. The audio output does not present live or pre-recorded audio from the MDVR 100 unit itself.
Video Processing (Recording)
When the TransitCam application 821 is running (which is normally the case after the MDVR 100 has booted), the MDVR 100 is always recording in either non-event (normal) or event mode.
Each camera is configurable for recording in low-quality, medium-quality, or high-quality video record mode. The recording modes are configured using parameters such as the frame rate per second (1 to 30), the bit rate (bits per second), and the image resolution (D1, Half-D1, VGA, SIF, etc.). In addition, each camera responds to advanced settings such as the rate control (Variable Bit Rate or Constant Bit Rate), the profile (ASP, SP, or H263), the Scene Quality (low, medium, or high), and the number of I-frames per second.
Two cameras are connected to a DSP (up to 8 cameras 200, and 4 DSPs 210-213 are used for video recording). As mpeg-4 encoding is very CPU intensive, it is possible to encode only one of the two cameras connected to the same DSP in the highest-resolution. A video splitter is implemented to allow compression of two separate qualities for one of the cameras connected to a DSP.
Normal Mode
In this mode the high quality recording for a first camera is stored into the Pre-Event Buffer, on the hard-drive, which can hold a configurable number of seconds of A/V frames. This buffer will begin to be overwritten when the data stored in the buffer exceeds the pre-determined size.
Simultaneously, the video frames from a first camera are compressed in the Low (or medium) quality and 'permanently' stored to the HCS 730. The video output from a second camera is also compressed in low (or medium) quality and stored onto the HCS 730.
Event Mode
Upon detection of a pre-configured event trigger, the 'overwriting' of the pre-event buffer will stop and high quality recording for the first camera is appended and stored 'permanently' on the hard-drive. The 1 low (or medium) quality recording for the second camera continues to be stored onto the HCS 730.
The MDVR 100 continues to operate in the current mode until the event trigger is reset and the post-event timer has expired, at which time the MDVR 100 reverts to Normal Mode.
Communication Ports Operation
Three Ethernet ports (641-643) are provided for connection to external devices. Two of the ports (642-643) are located on the rear of the unit. They will operate at 10/100 speed. These ports may be used for an external radio modem, mobile communications router, or for interface to a vehicle logic unit/mobile data terminal.
One Ethernet interface is provided on the front of the unit 641. It will be capable of operating at 10/100 speed and up to Gigabit Speed (Gigabit Ethernet). This port is primarily used for video file retrieval when a wireless method of retrieval is not available or desired.
Three USB 2.0 ports are provided for connection to external devices. Two of the ports 561,562 are located on the rear of the unit. These ports may be used for an external GPS, external radio modem, mobile communications router, or vehicle logic unit/mobile data terminal. Potentially, these ports may also be used for connection to an external mass storage device such as an external high capacity storage server.
One USB 2.0 port 563 is located on the front of the unit. This port may be used as for video file retrieval in lieu of the front panel Ethernet port.
The J1708 interface 657 serves as a general-purpose serial data communication interface. The software interface will give the host application the ability to listen to several stand alone modules attached to the serial chain. In a typical J1708 interface, the J1708 protocol serves primarily as the physical and media access functionality. SAE J1587 provides application layer functionality. As defined in the SAE J1708 spec, the software interface will be able to interpret messages matching the 1708 defined format parameters such as the Message Identification Character (MID), data characters, and a checksum.
The software will also have the ability to handle message type defined by both SAE J1708 (MID's 0-127) and application messages defined by SAE J1587 (MID's 128-255).
The J1939 interface is also known as the Car Area Network (CAN). Newer heavy equipment vehicles may use both J1708 and J1939 as a general purpose communications interface between vehicle systems. The J1939 is intended to replace J1708 in the future. The J1939 interface differs from the J1708 in the physical interface as well as the software protocol. The MDVR 100 supports both J1708 (J1587) and J1939.
One RS-232 only port 656 is provided on the rear of the unit. The port will be capable of speeds up to 115.2 kbps. The port will not only support data transmit and receive but also two hardware handshaking lines; request to send (RTS) and clear to send (CTS). Additionally the control line, data set ready (DSR) will be provided so that the MDVR can detect that something is connected to the port.
One port 655 is provided that can support either RS-232 or RS-485. The RS-232 will support only data transmit and receive; there will be no hardware handshaking support. The RS-485 will support a two wire differential connection.
Hardware Overview
The MDVR 100 unit contains three processors;
The accelerometer will be a single device, monitoring acceleration in all three axes. The accelerometer will be located on the power supply board and monitored by the PSP 501 over the I2C bus 500. The accelerometer will be capable of measuring up to 3 G at 1 mG resolution.
Real-Time Clock
The Real-Time Clock (RTC 502) is responsible for keeping time. It has a battery back up so that time is kept even when power is removed from the system. The RTC 502 can be updated periodically (once a day) via the GPS 610, Network Time Protocol (NTP) during docking, or from time supplied by the vehicle logic unit. At startup, the RTC time information is transferred to the GPP 501 and then used to synchronize all activities of the unit (elementary stream time stamps). The RTC 502 communicates with the PSP 501 over the I2C bus 500.
General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) 610 is monitored/controlled by the PSP 501 over the I2C bus 500.
Twelve inputs 612 are monitored and can be configured as either active high or active low through software control at boot up. The inputs are connected to the system via the external connector block. Each input can handle 0 to 32 VDC. The switching threshold is at 3.3 VDC. Input one is configured for ignition sense, so that the system will boot up whenever the vehicle ignition is on. Inputs eleven and twelve are not only routed to the PSP 501 but also to the GPS module 610. These inputs are used for vehicle forward/reverse sense and speed sense respectively.
Three outputs 614 are provided that are used to drive internal relays. The normally closed, common, and normally open contacts of the relays are routed to the connector block, external to the unit. Each relay is capable of handling 1 ampere of current at 32 VDC.
Both the input and the outputs are monitored even when the system is in the 'off' state, as long as vehicle power is connected to the unit. This facilitates monitoring ignition sense. This feature also facilitates unit activation in a security application by monitoring motion sensors or door contact closures if so configured through software.
A Global Positioning System (GPS) 610 receiver is provided as a customer option in the system. The GPS employs Dead Reckoning (DR), which improves position accuracy and provides constant position when the satellite signals used for GPS 610 are blocked by tunnels or urban canyons.
The GPS unit 610 is mounted external to the unit and is interfaced to the unit via the DB-15 on the power supply board. The GPS 610 uses two signals from the vehicle; forward/reverse sense and speed pulses (both from the transmission). A gyroscope is used in the GPS unit 610 to detect change of direction. The gyroscope must always be mounted upright; therefore the GPS unit 610 can be mounted either vertically or horizontally depending upon the desired orientation within the mass transit vehicle.
Power for the GPS module 610 comes from the unit power supply 300. Communications with the system is handled over a serial interface to the GPP 501.
Power Supply
Power is provided to the system from the vehicle power source. The power system includes a separate battery 301, which is used for smoothing the power profile to the IMDVR system (
The Mobile Digital Video Recorder (MDVR) 100 is provided as the central record and storage engine within the system. The MDVR 100 includes a microprocessor for inter-process communication and control of all components connected to a primary information bus 101, which includes all of the following components. The MDVR 100 comprises up to eight cameras 200 strategically mounted in locations to observe interior and exterior scenes of activity in and around the mass transit vehicle. The MDVR 100 also comprises an input for each camera into a video codec 220, a multiplexer for joining video input and transferring to Digital Signal Processors (DSPs 210-214). Each DSP receives input from two cameras. The MDVR 100 includes two audio inputs and an audio codec for integrating audio data into the stored information stream. The MDVR 100 also comprises inputs from exterior data sources including a monitor output, keyboard input 655, input from serial ports supporting third party data sources such as the SAE J1708 and J1939 vehicle area network inputs 657 for recording data and meta-data comprising vehicle performance data, communication connections for external communications such as Ethernet 642-643, Gigabit Ethernet 641, wireless connectivity through a wireless modem antenna 651, Universal Serial Bus (USB) connections to external equipment control panels 561-563, and Diagnostic LEDs. The MDVR 100 comprises connections to on-board high-capacity storage devices 730, and heating 680 and cooling devices to provide for retaining operating temperatures for the storage devices within environmental operational limits. The MDVR 100 is tied together operationally through two high-speed, high-capacity communication buses to provide inter-process communication under GPP 501 control throughout the system.
OSD Module
On-Screen Display (OSD) is accomplished with a hardware OSD chip. OSD is only in-line with the recorded input. The chip is capable of integrating OSD information on eight inputs. A two-way multiplexer is used to switch between real-time video and OSD on a frame by frame basis, recording OSD video information on one-half of the frames. The OSD chip is controlled by the GPP.
Additionally, the OSD hardware can be replaced with a DSP algorithm that will add OSD to every recorded frame.
Wireless Modem
An internal 802.11 wireless modem 650 is provided in the system. This modem is connected to an internal Ethernet port on the GPP 651. This modem is the primary means of transferring recorded video, audio, data, and meta-data. Additionally, this modem can be used for video streaming as long as another 802.11 device is in range. The 802.11 650 can make connections via infrastructure or ad hoc on an as needed basis.
External wireless modems are also supported. These modems communicate over the cellular network. They are primarily used for streaming low resolution (low frame rate) video to a central point. Connection to the wireless cellular modems may be accomplished over USB 563, Ethernet 642, or RS-232 658.
Ethernet Module
Ethernet support is part of the integrated peripherals of the GPP 101. The Ethernet functionality goes through an Ethernet switch 110 that provides four ports. Two ports go to RJ-45 connectors on the rear of the unit 642-643. One port is reserved for an 802.11 internal wireless module 651. The last port is a spare, but routed to the front panel board connector as a backup to the Gigabit Ethernet 641.
Gigabit Ethernet 641 support is provided by an Ethernet chip on the PCI bus. This port is routed to the front panel board connector for connection to the front panel RJ-45 connector.
USB Module
Universal Serial Bus (USB) support is accomplished by a USB 2.0 host controller on the PCI bus. This controller supports three USB ports: two on the rear of the unit 561-562 and one on the front of the unit 563.
High Capacity Storage Device (HCS)
The MDVR 100 supports a plurality of High Capacity Storage Devices 730 including up to four 2.5 inch Hard Disk Drives, or high-capacity flash memory. The HDDs are mounted such that two drives are serviced by one connector on the main board. The HDD are controlled via a HDD IDE controller connected to the PCI bus. The high-capacity flash memory is connected to the PCI bus and controlled by the MPC 5200 through PCI device controls.
Audio Codec
The audio codec 410 processes both input and output audio to/from the system. Setup for the audio codec is accomplished over the I2C bus 500 connected to the servicing DSP 210-214. Audio input and output are stereo line level. Audio inputs at microphone level require filtering and amplification to line level for proper operation. The audio output left and right stereo channels are summed together to provide a monaural output.
Video Multiplexers
There are three 8:1 video multiplexers 225 used in the system. One multiplexer routes analog video to the live video monitor for real time viewing of video from the selected camera. The other two multiplexers route analog video to the two video decoders used for streaming.
Video Decoders
Ten video decoders are used in the system. One of the video decoders (eight total) is associated with each camera. Two additional video decoders are used for streaming. Each of these decoders is connected to the cameras through an 8:1 multiplexer. Two video decoders feed each DSP.
HDD Heaters
HDDs used in the system are capable of operating between −20� C. and 85� C. The low temperature specification for the system is −30� C. At boot-up, heaters 680 are used to raise the temperature of the HDD from below −20� C. to −20� C. at a rate of 1� C. per minute to achieve the proper temperature operation profile. The heaters have an integrated thermistor.
Software Processes
TransitCam Application
The transitcam process 821 starts, stops, and monitors all processes of the TransitCam application. Monitoring the processes consists of polling the system to check if all applications are running. If not, the missing process will be restarted, and the incident will be logged. The transitcam process 821 also monitors how much the CPU is used by the processes, and will adjust the priority of an 'offending' process if it consumes too much of the CPU. For instance, recording the A/V files onto the HCS should run at higher priority than the HTML server (configuration). If after adjusting the priority of the process, it is still using 100% of CPU for a 'long' period of time (more than 20 seconds), the process will be stopped, then restarted.
Shared Memory
Shared memory 840 is a first in, first out (FIFO) queue. This queue provides temporary storage of A/V frame for distribution to other applications. The size of this queue is approximately 4 MB, which will allow enough time for the programs reading this FIFO to handle the frames (saving to the HCS, streaming, etc.).
Logger Daemon
The application logger daemon (loggd) 820 logs events sent by the application processes. The communication between the loggd process 820 and all other application processes is done through shared memory 840.
Depending of the type of the log (system or application), the log will be saved either into a daily text file (system level log), or into a database (application level log):
IPC Daemon
IPC Daemon 810 handles the communication between the GPP 101 and the PSP 501. It runs as a separate process on the GPP 101, and is loaded at a very early stage during system initialization so that some primitive diagnostics are performed on the PSP 501 even before the main application starts.
Core Application
The core application (core_app) 800 is the main application process. It is primarily responsible for controlling and handling the recording of the A/V streams and provides the A/V compressed frames to the other processes that need them. This application is the only process that interfaces with the DSP 210-214 (configure and control). The core application 800 also handles the alarms. The core application 800 is responsible for changing the format of the A/V files, which are recorded according to the state of the system (event mode or non-event mode).
The core application 800 stores the compressed A/V frames into Shared Memory, which enables one writer process (core_app program 800) and several reader processes (streaming, av_wdisk 811).
Rules Management Process
The rules management process (rules_mgt 812) receives input data from various sources (I/O, etc.) and applies a set a configurable rules to determine the status of the system (mainly alarm or non-alarm mode). This information is then be forwarded to the other processes. The rules management process also initiates the generation and collection of meta-data that is incorporated into the integrated data stream and stored in the HCS.
A/V Recording Process
The A/V files recording process (av_wdisk 811) is responsible for writing the integrated data stream onto the hard-disk. It gets the frames from the core application via shared memory.
In event mode, this process writes the A/V frames onto the HCS 730 from the pre-event buffer.
If the HCS 730 is not available, this process will allow the MDVR 100 to continue recording, but will not save the integrated data stream files until the hard-drive will become available. When the HCS 730 becomes available again, this process will allow the MDVR 100 to start writing the integrated data stream files onto the HCS 730.
Streaming Server
The streaming server (streaming 822) is responsible to stream out the A/V streams to the streaming client. It gets the A/V frames from the core application via shared memory.
Device Manager
The Device Manager (devmgr 813) is responsible for the Server to MDVR 100 interaction. It also handles the system configuration through the HTML interface.
Time Zone
All events time stamped within the MDVR 100 (A/V frames, log events, etc.) are using UTC time, and not local time. An environment variable is used by the System to change the way the time is locally interpreted.
The GPS interface 610 communicates with the TransitCam platform via NMEA defined messages. In several different NMEA messages, UTC time is available. These messages include the following:
From the UTC time fix in any of these messages, and the time zone setting of the system, time sync can be achieved.
The Real Time Clock (RTC) 502 is a battery-backed clock that is external to the PSP 501, communication between the two occurs via I2C 500. Upon boot up of the MDVR system 100, the PSP 501 receives the current value of the RTC 502. The PSP 501 passes the time information to the GPP 101. RTC 502 data is supplied to the GPP 101 on a periodic basis and when requested. The RTC 502 is calibrated with the GPS 610 or with network connection during configuration/upload. The RTC 502 data is very accurate and has a difference of +1 second.
MDVR Discovery
The MDVR 101 and other system level devices that intend to discover it use Zero Configuration Protocols (Zeroconf) to support addressing, naming and service discovery. When an MDVR 101 joins a network or its discovery information (including status) changes, it will push the updated information to all listening clients, who can choose to take further action depending on the information received. A new client who joins the network can query the network for all attached MDVRs 101 and receive their discovery information back immediately.
Link Local IP Addressing (IPv4LL)
In the absence of a DHCP server or static address configuration, an MDVR 101 assigns itself a random IPv4 address in the 169.254/16 subnet. It is then able to communicate with existing operating systems (including Windows) that already implement this feature, allowing ad hoc local networks to be formed effortlessly.
Multicast DNS
Multicast DNS (mDNS) provides a mechanism for naming and service discovery on a local link where a DNS server may not be present. DNS queries and responses are instead sent to a locally-scoped multicast address (126.96.36.199, port 5353). It can be used whether an MDVR is configured with any of a link local, dynamic or static IP address. Every MDVR assigns itself a unique name in the .local domain based on its serial number. Each advertises its own A and PTR DNS records for forward and reverse lookups, respectively, as well as service discovery records described below.
DNS Service Discovery
Each MDVR 101 registers PTR records for service types it offers (such as _mdvr._tcp) and SRV records (such as MdvrId._mdvr._tcp) giving the address and port of the service. TXT records provide additional parameters for each service, such as the URL path to access the service or status flags so a client can determine if the MDVR needs attention.
Input Definition
Inputs are values read from peripherals, including among other things the data from GPS 610, the messages received from the J1708/J1939 bus 657, and the values read from the GPIO lines 612.
Each of the GPIO lines can be configured to have different meaning (e.g., ignition sense, door open . . . etc.)
Rule Definition
A rule is an input plus an operator plus a value. Some examples may be "Door open ==true", "Speed>=65".
Event Definition
An event is one or more rules logically ANDed together, and can be associated with zero or more actions. When all of the rules are satisfied for an event, the event is said to be "triggered". When an event is triggered, a log entry corresponding to that particular event will be logged. In addition, the actions (if any) associated with the event will be carried out. Some event examples may be "(Panic button pressed ==true)=>Start high-res recording (on pre-configured cameras)", "(Door open ==true) AND (Speed>=10)=>Notify the control center".
High-Quality Recording
One possible action for a triggering event is to start recording in high-quality mode. If this action is enabled, when the specific event triggers, the pre-configured cameras will switch to high-quality recording mode. A timeout period will be associated with each event (if high-quality recording is enabled) to resume normal recording mode after the timer has expired.
In the case of overlapping triggers (i.e., multiple triggering events whose actions result in the same camera going into high-quality recording mode), the normal recording mode will not resume until the last timer of the group of triggering events has expired.
Trigger Notification
Another possible action for a triggering event is to notify the control center. If this action is enabled when the specific event triggers a notification will be sent through an internal communication mechanism to a predefined host.
Rule Engine
The Rules Engine 812 is a separate program that uses the Input Definition and Rules Definition to generate the Triggers, according to the Triggers Definition. Each time a new I/O event is received, the rules are then checked to determine if there is a need to generate a trigger.
The Rules Engine program 812 is a high-priority process, designed with optimizations and performance in mind. For instance, for performance reasons, the Rules Engine 812 is using a local copy in memory of the Database tables involved.
The Rules Engine program 812 receives input information from the ipcd 810 program, applies rules to computer the Triggers state, and sends the Trigger state to a pre-defined set of programs within the system. The pre-defined programs are the main program (core_app 800), the streaming program (streaming 822), and the Device Manager (devmgr 813).
Audio/Video Analytics
The collection and storage of audio, video, and meta-data provides opportunities for the IMDVR to provide a number of functions as a result of analyzing the stored data stream in conjunction with the rules engine to search for specific activities and provide indicators when such activities have occurred. Activities that can be recognized and reported upon include:
In this mode the High Quality recording for the Camera 1 is stored into the Pre-Event Buffer (on the pre-event section of the HCS), which can hold a configurable number of seconds of integrated data stream frames. Only the Low Quality recording for a first camera and a second camera stored onto the Hard-Drive.
Event Mode
In this mode the High Quality recording for camera one is stored on the hard-drive, along with the Low Quality recording for camera 2. The Low Quality recording for the first camera is thrown away.
Pre-Event Buffer
The Pre-Event Buffer is used only in non-event mode (Video only): in this case, two recordings for the same video source (one camera per DSP) are performed: one in low-quality (saved to the HCS), and the other in high-quality (saved into the pre-event buffer). Note that the pre-event buffer is using the HCS only, and not the memory. There is one HCS file for all video frames between 2 I-Frames, e.g. if the pre-event buffer is configured to hold 30 seconds, the record speed is set to 30 frames per second, and there is one I-frame each 30 frames, there will be 30 files for each camera input using a pre-event buffer. This method allows an easy file roll-over.
When an event occurs, which triggers Hi-Quality recording, the video output from the Hi-Quality camera is now saved to the HCS 730 and the pre-event buffer is prepended to the camera output to provide a configurable (from 1 to 180) number of seconds of Hi-Quality data recorded prior to the trigger event
HCS Buffering
In order to minimize the access to the HCS 730 and improve performance, a Hard-Drive buffering scheme is implemented. The following is the flow of the A/V frames, from a DSP to the HCS 730:
The A/V files are split into two files:
The ES file is a MPEG-4 Video or Audio file.
The Frame Information file is a binary file, with a proprietary format, that provides:
The A/V files are stored into a sub-directory. The group of files (A/V ES files, A/V frame information files) is called batch files. To keep files with a reasonable size, a new batch file is created each 15 minutes (this is a system value configurable in the database). A new batch file is also created when the system switch from non-event mode to event mode, or from event mode to non-event mode, whether the trigger is configured or not to generate Hi-quality recording.
The integrated data stream files are stored in an off-vehicle storage system and follow the long term retention and review policies of each client.
Data Retrieval
Live and stored streaming both use the Session Description Protocol (SDP) to describe a streaming session and all media to be viewed within that session. Streaming descriptions include elements from the core SDP standard, RTP/AVP standard, MPEG4 elementary stream standards, and custom attributes defined by the streaming server. A custom library handles SDP generation and parsing. Streaming descriptions are retrieved via HTTP. The client will request the streaming description either 1) when the user initiates playback of one or more video streams, or 2) when the MDVR discovery process determines that live streaming should be started.
Live streaming uses a custom RTSP-like command set over HTTP to setup, play, pause and teardown the streaming session. Video and audio elementary stream data are transported using standard RTP packets and the MDVR 100 pushes the packets to the client(s) as live content becomes available.
Stored streaming uses HTTP to transport video and audio frames. The client pulls frames as needed from the MDVR 100 using custom URL queries and HTTP headers.
Streaming Server
The streaming description and control interfaces use the same HTTP server framework as device manager, allowing the streaming server to leverage the same encryption and authentication mechanisms as well. It takes advantage of database and file system access routines from device manager in order to generate session descriptions and send back stored frame data. The streaming server implements custom handlers within the HTTP server framework for each of the required control and data requests. The live streaming transport 822 runs as a separate task that receives recently encoded video and audio frames from the DSP task. Based on the status of client connections, this task packages relevant frame data into RTP packets and sends those packets out to waiting clients. A custom library handles packaging and sending RTP packets.
The HCS 730 located within the mass transit vehicle will require downloading when it is full. One method for retrieving the integrated data stream files from the HCS 730 and freeing the storage on the HCS 730 for further use is known as 'docking'. Docking the HCS 730 is to physically remove the HCS 730 from its cradle within the mass transit vehicle and place the HCS into a similar cradle attached to an off-vehicle storage server. The server then retrieves all of the stored data from the HCS by downloading it into the off-vehicle storage.
For retrieval of video and audio frames and per-frame information to an off-vehicle storage server, docking relies on the streaming server and uses the same HTTP requests as the streaming client in order to transfer all or part of an elementary stream.
The J1708/J1939 serves as a general-purpose serial data communication interface for vehicle telemetry. The software interface will give the host application the ability to listen to several stand alone modules attached to the serial chain. In a typical J1708 interface, the J1708 protocol serves primarily as the physical and media access functionality. SAE J1587 provides application layer functionality. As defined in the SAE J1708 spec, the software interface will be able to interpret messages matching the 1708 defined format listed below:
J1708 Message
The software will also have the ability to handle message type defined by both SAE J1708 (MID's 0-127) and application messages defined by SAE J1587 (MID's 128-255).
AVL stands for Automatic Vehicle Location which is a term used for naming a system able to track vehicles, vessels, and mobile assets such as trailers, containers, and equipment, plot their coordinates into one or more computer generated maps and be able to interact with them in several ways. The TransitCam platform will have an AVL interface available to it as a customer option. The AVL interface will attach to the TransitCam via one of the available interfaces; Ethernet, J1708, USB, RS-232 or RS 485.
There are three kinds of log information:
If the HCS 730 is not available, no logging information is then saved, until the HCS 730 becomes available. But 128 K of memory is used to buffer (FIFO) the log messages and this buffer will be flushed to the HCS 730 when it becomes available.
The diagnostics utility has a broad overall description and purpose. In the very basic sense, one could run diagnostics to simply give information on the current state of some piece of architecture. In this case, however, the diagnostics package is expanded to include utilities for manufacturing tests, in-service tests and initial power-on tests.
The diagnostics description is divided into two major sections. The first describes differences between different levels of diagnostics, and their implications and dependencies to the system. The second lists the various targets of the diagnostics utility.
Test Levels
Manufacturing Diagnostics
Manufacturing tests are by far the most destructive tests to a usable environment. This is not to say that a device will be left completely unusable. Instead, it should be specifically noted that the end user should not expect a system to keep any personalization if this level of tests are performed. The manufacturing tests should restore a usable system to a default state. This includes initial HCS 730 configuration and initial image loading into flash.
Local/Off-Line Diagnostics
This level has the opportunity to be destructive, as the test implies that a unit has been returned by an end customer because of some sort of problem. In that sense, the end user cannot be guaranteed that user specifications will be saved. Therefore, these tests may not be as destructive as Manufacturing tests, but there is no guarantee that there will not be significant changes.
Remote/Off-Line Diagnostics
For any remote tests, it is assumed that the end user personalization will not be changed. However, this test set is in general a superset of remote on-line diagnostics. This means that while user data will not be lost, a user would have a more-complete test if they return their system to a very basic state. For example, if a user needs to run HCS tests, then it is recommended the user remove any saved data streams. This will allow for more areas of the disk to be tested, extending the test coverage.
Remote/On-Line Diagnostics
This level is a set of tests that are kept very short, in order to look for basic system state while the device is in use. This level, along with POST, is run in the background to look for errors in the system. These tests are not destructive, and the user should not be concerned with configuring their device in any specific way.
Power-On Self Test
In general, the Power-On Self Test (POST) is written to be a very short and basic test of the system each time the system is initialized. The end user will most likely always prefer a system that starts as fast as possible to avoid needless delays.
Power On Self Test (POST)
The main idea behind POST is to provide a working system to the main operating system. This is analogous to the BIOS test in a PC. Each step in the POST has a different path to take based on the result of the test. The details for each test are given in this section.
POST must be configurable with three test options are available: No-Test, Quick-Test and Full-Test. The No-Test option tests ONLY the communication between the PSP 501 and GPP 101, as this must be verified on each power-on to ensure the very basic communication path between the two boards. The Quick-Test performs a limited test of each of the applicable components of the boards. The Full-Test is a superset of the Quick-Test, in that some components will be tested exactly the same for both tests, but will also include a higher grade of test for other components.
Each of the test images has responsibilities to complete certain portions of POST. This is due to the requirements of each image.
FPGA Unit
The Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) unit is used within the system to provide maintenance and elemental level of control for devices within the TransitCAM system. The FPGA is connected to the primary data bus and interfaces with the primary processor to issue commands for device control, such as switching views between cameras, synchronization of timing for integration of audio, video, and data streams, and providing ad hoc maintenance access for technical and maintenance crews. This unit is field programmable and field upgradable and may be used to monitor and modify primary level commands within the TransitCAM system.
Interface with Device Manager/Core Application
The diagnostics application is responsible for running tests, logging results and updating the database with those results.
The Device Manager (DM) will write to the database and instruct the Core Application to rescan the database to start a specific diagnostic. The DM will monitor the database for status and results (as given by the diagnostics application).
The Core Application 800 sends a command to the diagnostics application to start a specific test.
It is assumed that when a user wishes to run a diagnostic, the DM disables critical operations that could possibly invalidate a diagnostic, or which a diagnostic could corrupt data that would otherwise be considered valid.
Flash Database
As a means of communicating between the diagnostics utility and the DM, a common flash interface is used. The DM tells the core application to rescan a certain section of the database when specific operations are desired. As an extension, when a user wishes to run a specific diagnostic, they select an operation in the DM, which then changes a database value. The core application 800 then reads the database, and sends a command to the diagnostics daemon. This daemon is then responsible for either running the test, or sending a message to the PSP 501.
External Control Description
A single external control is required. This control should be a push button located on the front panel. The push button will be used to notify the system that a device plugged into the front panel USB port is about to be removed. The system will gracefully close any connection to the front panel USB port.
External Indicator Description
Four external bi-color LEDs will be provided on the front panel. These LEDs are capable of displaying three colors: Red, Green, and Yellow (Red+Green). The following sections describe the meaning and indication of each LED.
LED#1, Self-Tests
The first LED will be labeled 'Power'. It will be used to indicate the progress of the system during boot up and to indicate any power on self test (POST) failures.
LED#2, MDVR Hardware
The second LED will be labeled 'Status'. It will be used to indicate the system status once the system if fully booted.
LED#3, Wi-Fi Network
The third LED will be labeled with a small antenna with three arcs emanating to the right of it. It will be used to indicate the status of the wireless network connection.
LED#4, Front USB Port
The fourth LED will be labeled with be the universal USB symbol. It will be used to indicate the status of the front panel USB connection.
While this invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
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|Mar 24, 2015
|Smartdrive Systems, Inc.
|Vehicle operator performance history recording, scoring and reporting systems
|Mar 16, 2006
|Mar 31, 2015
|Smartdrive Systems, Inc.
|Vehicle event recorders with integrated web server
|Dec 21, 2012
|May 26, 2015
|Coban Technologies, Inc.
|Method for video/audio recording using multiple resolutions
|Sep 27, 2013
|Aug 18, 2015
|At&T Mobility Ii Llc
|Method and apparatus for image collection and analysis
|Nov 5, 2013
|Sep 15, 2015
|Enforcement Video, Llc
|Laser-based speed determination device for use in a moving vehicle
|Sep 25, 2013
|Nov 10, 2015
|Smartdrive Systems, Inc.
|Distributed vehicle event recorder systems having a portable memory data transfer system
|Mar 16, 2006
|Dec 1, 2015
|Smartdrive Systems, Inc.
|Vehicle event recorder systems and networks having integrated cellular wireless communications systems
|Aug 2, 2013
|Dec 8, 2015
|Smartdrive Systems, Inc.
|Vehicle event recorder systems and networks having integrated cellular wireless communications systems
|Dec 31, 2014
|Dec 29, 2015
|Coban Technologies, Inc.
|Hidden plug-in storage drive for data integrity
|Nov 3, 2014
|Dec 29, 2015
|Smartdrive Systems, Inc.
|Memory management in event recording systems
|Jun 6, 2012
|Feb 16, 2016
|Enforcement Video, Llc
|Omnidirectional camera for use in police car event recording
|Apr 12, 2013
|Mar 15, 2016
|Wi-Tronix, Llc
|Mobile asset data recorder and transmitter
|Jan 29, 2015
|Mar 15, 2016
|Wi-Tronix, Llc
|Mobile asset data recorder and transmitter
|Jan 9, 2015
|Apr 5, 2016
|Coban Technologies, Inc.
|Wireless programmable microphone apparatus and system for integrated surveillance system devices
|Nov 25, 2014
|Apr 12, 2016
|Zoll Medical Corporation
|Systems and methods for video capture, user feedback, reporting, adaptive parameters, and remote data access in vehicle safety monitoring
|Jul 13, 2015
|May 24, 2016
|At&T Mobility Ii Llc
|Method and apparatus for image collection and analysis
|Feb 27, 2015
|Jul 26, 2016
|Smartdrive Systems, Inc.
|Vehicle event recorders with integrated web server
|Nov 17, 2015
|Oct 18, 2016
|Smartdrive Systems, Inc.
|Vehicle event recorder systems and networks having integrated cellular wireless communications systems
|Oct 16, 2013
|Nov 22, 2016
|Smartdrive Systems, Inc.
|Vehicle event playback apparatus and methods
|Apr 18, 2016
|Jan 10, 2017
|At&T Mobility Ii Llc
|Method and apparatus for image collection and analysis
|Jul 13, 2015
|Jan 17, 2017
|Smartdrive Systems, Inc.
|Vehicle event recorder systems and networks having integrated cellular wireless communications systems
|Dec 8, 2005
|Jun 14, 2007
|Smartdrive Systems Inc
|Multi-stage memory buffer and automatic transfers in vehicle event recording systems
|Mar 16, 2006
|Sep 20, 2007
|James Plante
|Vehicle event recorder systems and networks having integrated cellular wireless communications systems
|May 22, 2008
|Nov 27, 2008
|Stephen Jeffrey Morris
|Event capture, cross device event correlation, and responsive actions
|Jul 24, 2007
|Jan 29, 2009
|Honeywell International, Inc.
|Proxy video server for video surveillance
|Jul 6, 2006
|Feb 19, 2009
|Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha
|Video image transfer device and display system including the device
|Dec 28, 2007
|Jul 2, 2009
|Motorola, Inc.
|System and method for collecting media associated with a mobile device
|Feb 13, 2009
|Aug 20, 2009
|Andrew Cilia
|System and method for high-resolution storage of images
|Dec 7, 2006
|Sep 3, 2009
|Smart Drive Systems, Inc.
|Memory Management In Event Recording Systems
|Jan 29, 2009
|Oct 8, 2009
|Andrew Cilia
|Omnidirectional camera for use in police car event recording
|May 13, 2010
|Feb 24, 2011
|Vanman Robert V
|Method of and system for mobile surveillance and event recording
|May 14, 2010
|May 26, 2011
|Vanman Robert V
|Method of and system for mobile surveillance and event recording
|May 14, 2010
|May 26, 2011
|Vanman Robert V
|Method of and system for mobile surveillance and event recording
|Dec 18, 2009
|Jun 23, 2011
|At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp
|Wireless anti-theft security communications device and service
|Jan 31, 2011
|Jul 7, 2011
|Andrew Chinigo
|Security system for mass transit and mass transportation
|May 13, 2010
|Sep 1, 2011
|Vanman Robert V
|Method of and system for mobile surveillance and event recording
|Jun 6, 2012
|Sep 20, 2012
|Andrew Cilia
|Omnidirectional camera for use in police car event recording
|Apr 11, 2011
|Oct 11, 2012
|Ockerse Harold C
|Image synchronization for a multiple imager system and method thereof
|Oct 16, 2012
|Feb 28, 2013
|Motorola Mobility Llc
|Method for Collecting Media Associated with a Mobile Device
|Aug 2, 2013
|Nov 28, 2013
|Smartdrive Systems, Inc.
|Vehicle Event Recorder Systems and Networks Having Integrated Cellular Wireless Communications Systems
|Sep 27, 2013
|Apr 2, 2015
|At&T Mobility Ii, Llc
|Method and apparatus for image collection and analysis
|U.S. Classification
|348/148, 348/117, 348/123, 348/152, 348/118
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|May 15, 2007
Owner name: INTERSOUTH PARTNERS VI, L.P. AS LENDER REPRESENTAT
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|Jul 17, 2007
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Owner name: DIGITAL SAFETY TECHNOLOGIES, INC., NORTH CAROLINA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:HUANG, JOSEPH;GLENN, JOHN;SINGLA, OLIVIER;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20130102 TO 20130129;REEL/FRAME:030542/0043
|Sep 20, 2013
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Feb 21, 2014
Owner name: UTILITY ASSOCIATES, INC., GEORGIA
Free format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:LIGHTHOUSE CAPITAL PARTNERS VI, L.P.;REEL/FRAME:032272/0400
Effective date: 20140221
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Owner name: SQUARE 1 BANK, NORTH CAROLINA
Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:UTILITY ASSOCIATES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:036480/0315
Effective date: 20150630


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Boys Shirts
Related Categories: Big Applique T-shirt | Explorer | Train | Vehicle | Reversible | Walrus | Super Soft | Rescue
This 100% cotton T-shirt is perfect for all budding tractor, digger, boat and train drivers. Your little boy will love the appliqué vehicle motifs and you will adore the number of easy outfitting options – it's win-win.
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- Shoulder popper fastening
- 100% cotton
- Machine washable
Vehicle Appliqué T-shirt
$26.50 $15.90
Our smart and traditional baby boy dungarees are just the thing for those extra-special occasions. They can be easily layered over our T-shirts and bodies and the lightweight cotton will keep your little one cool and comfortable.
- Adjustable strap fastening
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- Outer 100% cotton
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- Machine washable
Check Overalls


text: bastian salmela wrote: > On Sunday 30 June 2002 12:23, Johannes Prix wrote: > > >> BTW, how do you >>like the newest non-player-characters Gert and Butch and the way >>image-background is now arranged with just zooming the existing droid >>images by factor 1.8. See ya, jp. > > > heh.. well, I have been trying to get past of the couple of droids in the > beginning of level, and they kill me everytime!! :) just now I managed to > get past, but then couple of other droids in the second room killed me :) so > I haven't find these gert and butch yet :) Haha. You might use Ctrl-Alt-Shift-C to enter the Cheat menu and the 'I' to activate the Invincible-mode for the influencer, so that nothing will hurt him any more. But since the droid south of the back exit has been deactivated for testing purposes it should not be so very difficult any more, iff you're quick :-) Also in the third mission (you can immediately 'solve' a mission with the 'M' key) you might encounter Helmholtz-alpha, gamma and delta and also Newton, the mechanic in the reactor room. > I'll really have to get some time for myself and really play this new level.. > so far I only tested out the graphics :) sorry.. I'll get back to you on > this later on the evening.. > > the zooming looks "ok".. of course the image quality is not really.. > perfect. maybe I should try out some "head"-renderings? what do you think? Yes, that might be a good idea. Perhaps that would also help a bit with the little problem of the droids 'floating' in the air, when they have wheels or tracks, though that's not really a problem. > also, I was thinking, what kind of animation-methods SDL has? maybe some 360 > rotating droid-portraits would be nice in the info console? > It can do mpeg-1 and some other animations rather easily I think. Would that help? See ya, jp.


text:
OMAHA, Neb. - College World Series newcomer TCU isn't acting like it plans to go home any time soon.
ATLANTA - Troy Glaus hit a leadoff homer in the ninth inning and the Atlanta Braves beat the Kansas City Royals 5-4 on Saturday night for their fourth straight victory.
PEBBLE BEACH, Calif. - Graeme McDowell opened the day looking like someone who knows how to win the U.S. Open.
JOHANNESBURG - The Netherlands became the first team to qualify for the round of 16 at the World Cup, beating Japan 1-0 Saturday and then watching Denmark defeat Cameroon 2-1.
PEBBLE BEACH, Calif. - The beachgoers spelled it out on the sand below: "Go Phil!"
For the United States' second group stage game of the 2010 World Cup, Carmike Cinema in Statesboro served as headquarters for Statesboro's show of national support.
JOHANNESBURG - The United States rallied from two goals down at halftime to salvage a 2-2 draw with Slovenia on Friday in Group C.
CAPE TOWN, South Africa - England is looking nothing like the soccer power it's supposed to be.
SALT LAKE CITY - Utah's road to the BCS just became a lot less complicated.
OMAHA, Neb. - His TCU teammates call him "Harry Potter."
LOS ANGELES - The two-time NBA champion Los Angeles Lakers' most important free agent this summer is a 64-year-old former forward with two bad knees, two artificial hips and two more championships than any coach in NBA history.
SAN FRANCISCO - Pac-10 expansion appears complete with the addition of Colorado and an invitation to Utah to be the league's 12th member.
PEBBLE BEACH, Calif. - The two best players in the world couldn't make a birdie. A dozen more got to the top of the leaderboard only to see themselves fall right back down.
JOHANNESBURG - They played 62 games over four years just to get ready for the World Cup, convinced obsessive preparation and attention to detail would turn around their fortunes after a quick exit in 2006.
JOHANNESBURG - Argentina again displayed the kind of attacking football that wins titles, and on Thursday at the World Cup the two-time champions even managed to put in the goals to show for it.
In the span of two days, Georgia Southern lost both its undefeated Sun Belt record and its two-game lead atop the conference standings.
HOUSTON - The quarterback served as ringmaster for "The Greatest Show on Turf." The running backs were known simply by their initials: LT and TD. And ...
HOUSTON - Matt Ryan and the Dallas Cowboys were big winners Saturday night.
DUBAI, United Arab Emirates - Tiger Woods withdrew from the Dubai Desert Classic on Friday with back spasms after shooting an opening-round 77 a day earlier ...
HOUSTON - It may have been a blip, explained as much by the must-watch presidential debates as by some wholesale turn away from football. Or, decades ...
American wrestler Jordan Burroughs saw this month's tournament in Iran as a chance to redeem himself after a rough performance at the Rio Olympics.
There are many steps on the road to the third state title in a row for Bulloch Academy, and the next-to-last step was taking their ...
STATESBORO, Ga. -Alexis Sams scored a season-high 14 points, including the last eight of the game for Georgia Southern, to lift the Eagles to a ...
MIAMI - Ask anyone in the Miami Heat locker room how this is happening, and the answers will all be largely the same.
Standing tall in the Ted Smith Family Football Center Wednesday afternoon, a large billboard proudly displayed the names of the 22 newest Eagles to join ...
MELBOURNE, Australia - Rafael Nadal took five sets and almost five hours to fend off "Baby Fed" and revive a classic Grand Slam final against the ...
SAN DIEGO - The return of Tiger Woods felt more like a celebration Thursday at Torrey Pines.
Join Statesboro Herald sports editor and Georgia Southern beat writer Mike Anthony, along with Herald sportswriter Chris Stanley with analysis, opinion and discussion about sports ...
South Georgia Tormenta FC turned plenty of heads nationwide in its first season of competition in the Premier Development League. A solid team on the ...
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UA Main Street Theatre 63720-40 Main Street Manayunk PA 19127(844) 462-7342
Child tickets are valid for children 11 years and under. Senior tickets are valid for adults 60 years and older.Not all ticket types are available for all performances.Moviegoers 17 years and under must be accompanied by a parent or legal guardian 21+ after 6:00pm until close, every day. Valid ID is required.Valid IDs will be required to attend "R" movies. You must be at least 17 years of age or have your parent accompany you to view the movie. Age requirement may be high
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25-34 year old woman treated with Breast Lift with Implants
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32 year old female with bilateral submuscular 375cc high profile smooth round silicone implants and circumareolar mastopexy (lift)
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Facebook All in One For Dummies
Facebook all-in-one for dummies by Jamie Crager, Scott Ayres, Melanie Nelson, Daniel Herndon, Jesse Stay .... Published date on: 2014-04-07 with total page: 528 pages. Publisher of Facebook All-in-One For Dummies is John Wiley & Sons.
Are you interested to read this ebook facebook all in one for dummies? If you have read an ebook before don't be hasitate to leave review about the book facebook all in one for dummies. But otherwise, you can registar/sign up before downloding this pdf book. We have huge database of ebooks in our library. If you bought an ebook than you want another ebook we suggest you to become our library member.
What do you get from becoming member in our library? 1.You can read free a lot of books from our database. 2.You can use any kind of ebook reader available on market, because our book available in various format. 3.You able to find your ebook fastly through our library because we put ebooks based on categories such as adventure, art, law, social, health, medical, science, romance, fiction, non-fiction and etc.


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Stopping Corporate Welfare
OverviewAt the local, state, and federal levels of government, the well-connected few receive special benefits at the expense of the rest of society. The result is a two-tiered system that features handouts for favored individuals and groups and the destruction of opportunity and prosperity for most Americans.
This form of government-granted privilege, commonly called "corporate welfare" or "cronyism," often falls within four major problem areas:
- Spending Subsidies: Government often directs targeted payments or other forms of benefit to favored individuals or groups. Spending subsidies can take the form of direct funding, loans or loan guarantees, or bailouts to certain businesses or industries. They are a direct transfer of wealth from one group (taxpayers) to another (special interests).
- Tax Preferences: There are special carve-outs in the tax code given by politicians to their favorite groups—often benefiting the well-connected. Tax preferences allow government to guide investment decisions rather than letting individuals decide what's most valuable to them. These preferences also make the tax code more complicated and costly to administer, giving the advantage to those individuals and businesses who can afford experts to navigate the tax code for them.
- Regulatory Preference: Government officials often write special rules in favor of chosen beneficiaries, which undermines consumer choice. Some regulations benefit big businesses over small ones; some require burdensome costs and training for certain jobs, making them less accessible; and some mandate that government approve or certify new businesses or individuals before they can participate in the market. Regulatory preference often creates barriers for those seeking employment or trying to start a business.
- Protectionism: Government officials also restrict international trade, limiting global competition to assist a few, well-connected businesses or industries. By imposing barriers like tariffs and quotas, government stifles innovation and harms consumers who benefit from increased competition and choice.
Our senior scholars on stopping corporate welfare
Alison Acosta Winters, managing director, research and policyPrior to joining the Charles Koch Institute, Winters spent 11 years at the Heritage Foundation, where she served as director of the Roe Institute for Economic Policy Studies, managing research on a wide range of domestic economic issues. Under Winters' leadership, Heritage's research helped define and communicate the long-term fiscal threats of spending and taxes. Winters has written numerous articles, testified before Congress, and appeared on many television and radio outlets, such as CNBC, CNN, Fox, Bloomberg, PBS, the BBC, and NPR. Her commentaries have appeared in USA Today, The Christian Science Monitor, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, The Philadelphia Inquirer, National Review Online, The Hill, The Washington Times, and The National Interest Online.
Dana Wade, senior research fellowWade spent several years on Capitol Hill working to stop government bailouts, reduce harmful regulatory barriers, provide needed oversight of federal agencies, and restore incentives for private markets to thrive. Most recently, she served as deputy staff director of the U.S. Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Prior to that, she served as the Republican deputy staff director of the Senate Committee on Appropriations and as a financial markets budget analyst for Rep. Paul Ryan on the House Budget Committee. She also served as a policy adviser to Senator John McCain in the 2008 presidential race and has worked for the U.S. Options Clearing Corporation and Accenture. Wade graduated from Georgetown University with a bachelor's in economics and earned a Master of Business Administration at the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania.
From the Blog
Walter McDougall on the Tragedy of U.S. Foreign Policy
By Editorial Team | January 24, 2017
Pulitzer Prize-winning author and University of Pennsylvania professor Walter McDougall is regarded as one of the finest contemporary American historians. On January 10, 2017, the Charles Koch Institute hosted him for a discussion of his latest book, The Tragedy of U.S. Foreign Policy: How America's Civil Religion Betrayed the National Interest. The Charles Koch Institute's […]Read More
Designing Discourse: How UX and Law Can Promote Free Speech and Debate
By Editorial Team | January 19, 2017
Interface and user experience designers could have a hand in promoting free speech and civil discourse through online platforms like Medium. As online platforms create more opportunities for people to engage in debate and discourse, there's a large role for interface and user experience (UX) designers to help showcase thoughtful content and spur civil interactions. […]Read More
Automation's Effects on Employment and Well-Being
By Editorial Team | December 13, 2016
Academics and venture capitalists recently came together in New York City to discuss how automation will affect employment. Earlier this month, the Charles Koch Institute, along with the Adam Smith Society and the Lincoln Network, brought together professors and venture capitalists for a discussion on the evolving nature of work and the challenges and opportunities […]Read More
Ripe for Reform: Criminal Justice in the Commonwealth
By Editorial Team | December 12, 2016
Earlier this year, Virginians sent a clear message about their desire to address flaws in the current criminal justice system, with a majority supporting reducing prison costs and the right for restored citizens to get work certification licenses after being released from prison. This month, the Charles Koch Institute, along with the National Association of […]Read More
Winston Churchill: "Prisoner's Friend"
By Editorial Team | November 30, 2016
Sir Winston Spencer-Churchill (1874-1965) was a British statesman, historian, and journalist, but he was also an ardent advocate for criminal justice reform. His efforts in the area reflect concerns that are familiar to us today. As he explained to Parliament, "The mood and temper of the public in regard to the treatment of crime and […]Read More


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We are delighted to offer for sale this no bedroom commercial in this sought after and convenient location within easy reach of local amenities and public transport links.
The property consists of a retail shop of approx 70m2 with separate toilet facilities. The retail shop is double fronted sandstone with 2 large display windows.
To the rear and above the retail shop is a space of approx 120m2 which has Full Planning Permission and existing Building Warrant to convert to a 1 bedroom town house with Living area with office and shower room on the ground floor and 1 large bedroom, separate bathroom and kitchen/diner on the first floor.
Please see the many photographs that accompany this listing and the indicative floor plan for further detail. To fully appreciate this property please arrange a viewing appointment which you can do 24/7 by clicking on the contact link provided.


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Serving Twin Cities and the surrounding areas
We help you look your best. Make your first impression a good one.
Stand out in today's competitive market with the best and most distinctive branding solutions from Performance Signs & Display, Inc. in Brooklyn Park, MN.
With over 40 years of experience in the industry, our locally owned and operated business has the knowledge to help your business get the attention it deserves. You'll get a large selection of signs and display options to choose from. Call us today to get a FREE estimate on all our signs.