text:
Transitions® SOLFX Sunwear Summer Sun Essential for Outdoor Sports and Recreation
PINELLAS PARK, Fla., July 9 /PRNewswire/ -- Transitions® SOLFX sunwear is quickly becoming a must-have among outdoor enthusiasts and athletes and Transitions Optical is ramping up for the high-intensity summer season with an expanded product line. The company has partnered with other leading brands to create prescription and non-prescription sunwear optimized for specific outdoor sports and activities. The lens colors and unique features of each product are specifically designed to improve visual performance.
To view the multimedia assets associated with this release, please click: http://multivu.prnewswire.com/mnr/transitions/44956/
(Photo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20100709/MM31689 )
(Photo: http://www.newscom.com/cgi-bin/prnh/20100709/MM31689 )
"Transitions SOLFX lenses can take you from dawn to dusk, throughout all your favorite outdoor activities, without having to take sunglasses on and off as the sunlight changes," said Grady Lenski, global director, Transitions sunwear.
Transitions SOLFX sunwear uses state-of-the-art photochromic technology from Transitions Optical to automatically self-adjust and optimize lens darkness in changing sunlight. The lenses are compatible with nearly any frame style and brand name and are available primarily through eyecare professionals and retail locations. Available products include:
- Oakley® Transitions® SOLFX sunwear enhances visual performance and is tested and worn by members of the Team Garmin-Transitions professional cycling team.
- Drivewear® Transitions® SOLFX polarized lenses react to both visible and UV light to self-adjust even behind the windshield of the car for optimal vision while driving.
- Bell® Transitions® SOLFX motorcycle visors are worn by top racers like Josh Herrin, and change from clear to dark.
- SHIELD Tech Transitions® SOLFX motorcycle visors change from clear to dark for day and night use.
Pro golfers Kenny Perry and Trevor Immelman enjoy the benefits of Transitions® adaptive lenses both on an off the course; reaffirming why Transitions® lenses are the official eyewear of the PGA TOUR®.
- DEFINITY FAIRWAY Transitions® SOLFX progressive sun lenses are specifically designed for golfers who need both near and distance correction.
- Oakley® Transitions® SOLFX specifically designed to enhance visual performance while playing sports like golf.
- NEOX® Transitions® SOLFX designed to provide improved vision on the golf course. NEOX lenses are currently the exclusive lenses featured in Callaway® Eyewear.
- Autumn Gold Transitions® SOLFX lenses are specifically designed to enhance contrast and improve clarity of images in cloudy, foggy or very bright outdoor environments.
- iRx Xperio® Transitions® SOLFX polarized lens are perfect for running, hiking, cycling and water sports activities.
About Transitions Optical
Transitions Optical's family of products includes everyday lenses, designed to be worn indoors and darken outdoors, and performance lenses, designed to be worn outdoors in place of sun lenses. Transitions everyday lenses adapt to light to provide more comfortable vision while protecting eyes from UV. Transitions performance lenses include the company's sunwear line, Transitions® SOLFX sun lenses, which enhance visual performance in specific outdoor activities by adapting to optimize color and darkness in changing light conditions.
For more information, visit Transitions.com or TransitionsSOLFX.com, or contact Transitions Optical Customer Service at (800) 848-1506 (United States) or (877) 254-2590 (Canada).
SOURCE Transitions


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Fair Youtube Video Review ≤ 30m
Watch a Youtube video* you provide a link to, then:
--Like or Dislike the video depending on the Quality of Content and Presentation.
--Leave a comment (Review) with my detailed point of view on the Subject of the video.
--If I find it personally inspiring or interesting enough then I will share it on my Facebook.
*The Youtube video must be less than or equal to 30 minutes to qualify.
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My availability depends on my work schedule, I will do what I can to respond quickly but, I may not be able to do so on the same day sometimes. Just message me and I'll get back to you ASAP.

subset: commoncrawl


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Looking for restaurants open for Easter?
China Town Restaurant
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Halifax, NS B3M 2L3
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McQ in London
An interactive boutique for the English brand
On 14 Dover Street in London opens the new flagship store of McQ, Alexander McQueen's secondary label. Inside the boutique it's possible to find both womenswear and menswear, besides some of the most spectacular designs from the brand's London Fashion Week show debut last season on display.
"We want to create a story and a home for McQ and the flagship on Dover Street is an extension of this world," said Sarah Burton. "The store will offer special catwalk pieces alongside ready-to-wear collections in a rich and immersive McQ environment."
Even technology will help customers to come into full contact with McQ's world: thanks to floor-length mirrors include inbuilt cameras, customers can take pictures of themselves trying on clothes, which they can then email to their friends.
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Fashion shows are changing: Burberry and all that's new on the runways
Menswear and womenswear collections will walk together and will be on sale right after the show. These are the news from Burberry but the evolution is generalized: runway shows are changing


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Pomegranate Martini
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FOR all the upheaval, change and uncertainty in Welsh rugby, there remains one constant — Llanelli Scarlets in the knockout stages of the Heineken Cup. It is taken as read. The club that have been the standard-bearers for Wales for many seasons in Europe rarely disappoint. Only once in eight years have they failed to progress beyond the pool stages.
Tonight at Stradey Park, the Scarlets meet Biarritz determined to put behind them an indifferent record against French clubs in the last eight of the competition and reach a third semi-final in five years, probably against Toulouse. They have played


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Home Owner in Coeur D Alene
A pleasant personality, and be self-motivated, ability to multi-task, strong attention to detail, Job duties include replacing room amenities and linens, removing trash, dusting and polish furniture, vacuum, and cleaning bathrooms. Thoroughly cleans guest rooms and/ or other assigned areas in a timely and organized manner to ensure guest comfort with cleanness satisfaction, sanitation, and tidy appearance
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The SourceForge Speed Test measures Latency/Ping, Jitter, Download Speed, Upload Speed, Buffer Bloat, and Packet Loss. Upon completion, you can view detailed reports about your connection. This HTML5 speed test does not require Flash or Java, and works on all devices including tablets and smartphones. Host on your own infrastructure or use ours. For licensing, inquire today.Sponsored Listing
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Abridged edition [CD-Audio/MP3 Edition]
By (author) Sebastian Faulks
Read by Michael Maloney
Format: CD-Audio
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Engleby by Sebastian Faulks
Book DescriptionMike Engleby says things that others dare not even think. A man devoid of scruple or self-pity, he rises without trace in Thatcher's England and scorches through the blandscape of New Labour. In the course of his brief, incandescent career, he and the reader encounter many famous people - actors, writers, politicians, household names - but by far the most memorable is Engleby himself. This work is a lament for a generation and the country it failed. It is also a meditation on the limits of science, the curse of human consciousness and on the lyrics of 1970s rock music. And beneath this highly disturbing surface lies an unfolding mystery of gripping narrative power. For when one of Mike's contemporaries unaccountably disappears the reader has to ask: is even the shameless Engleby capable of telling the whole truth?
Buy Engleby book by Sebastian Faulks from Australia's Online Bookstore, Boomerang Books.
Book DetailsISBN: 9781846570476
(142mm x 125mm x 25mm)
Pages: 5
Imprint: Random House Audiobooks
Publisher: Cornerstone
Publish Date: 3-May-2007
Country of Publication: United Kingdom
Other Editions...
Books By Author Sebastian Faulks
Pistache Returns, Hardback (October 2016)
pistache (pis-tash): a friendly spoof or parody of another's work. [Deriv uncertain. Possibly a cross between pastiche and p**stake.] From the writer of such brilliant parodies as Thomas Hardy's football report and Dan Brown's visit to the cash dispenser comes another collection of witty pastiches.
Broken World, Paperback (November 2015)View all books by Sebastian Faulks
Offering a collection of personal and defining moments, this book offers insight into the Great War as it was experienced and as it was remembered.
US Kirkus Review » The gifted British Faulks (Human Traces, 2006, etc.) rings changes on the untrustworthy narrator technique with this titillating, ultimately engrossing study of a loner with a dark past. Mike Engleby is at Cambridge University in 1973, a student from a poor background on a full scholarship. As he tells us his story, often engagingly (his vignettes of the faculty are razor-sharp), it becomes clear he keeps to himself, whether he's drinking, doing drugs or driving around country villages. But the name of one fellow student keeps coming up: Jennifer Arkland. He goes to lectures with her and later, as one of the crew, participates in an experimental student film in Ireland; Jennifer has a lead role. However, when he steals a letter she's written to her parents, he realizes he's just a footnote in her life, a joke. Mike started stealing at Chatfield, the terrifying private boarding school he attended, also on scholarship; it boosted his "morale," which needed boosting after incessant vicious bullying by older boys and beatings by his father. What's really chilling, though, is Mike's casual admission that in time he became a vicious bully himself. Back in Cambridge, the big news is that Jennifer has disappeared. The police search Mike's rooms, but fail to discover Jennifer's diary, Mike's latest theft. Might Mike have "stolen" Jennifer? Possibly, but it's a big leap from obsession to abduction, though he's clearly maladjusted, unlike Jennifer (the marvelous diary entries reveal a radiantly happy, normal young woman). Life goes on, Jennifer is not found and Mike eventually becomes a successful journalist in London. Then the past returns, and it is devastating. If Mike has not been leveling with us, it's because of involuntary memory loss. We finally learn the gripping truth about what happened in Cambridge, even as we ponder the nature of the self. Faulks knows exactly how to keep the reader off-balance in this deft, funny, scary combination of suspense and psychic exploration. (Kirkus Reviews)
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Author Biography - Sebastian Faulks
Sebastian Faulks was born in April 1953. Before becoming a full-time writer in 1991, he worked as a journalist. Sebastian Faulks's books include A Possible Life, Human Traces, On Green Dolphin Street, Engleby, Birdsong, A Week in December and Where My Heart Used to Beat.
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Blue Valley
By (author) Morgan
Format: Paperback
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Blue Valley by Morgan
Book DescriptionFrom Civil War prison camps to contemporary trailer parks, these thirteen memorable tales of life in the Southern Appalachians come alive with an array of intriguing characters -- male and female, young and elderly, learned and unlearned. The separate passions and dreams of these individuals mirror the larger cultural and historical dramas of American life, revealing the strengthening and loosening of the strong bonds of families over generations.
Buy Blue Valley book by Morgan from Australia's Online Bookstore, Boomerang Books.
Book DetailsISBN: 9780743204224
(203mm x 127mm x 10mm)
Pages: 180
Imprint: Touchstone
Publisher: Simon & Schuster
Publish Date: 1-Oct-2000
Country of Publication: United States
Books By Author Morgan
Sewing Church Linens, Paperback (December 1999)View all books by Morgan
The classic book on sewing linens in a new edition. Revised instructions, worksheets, and special advice for beginners, and new patterns included.
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Author Biography - Morgan
An accomplished novelist and poet, "Robert Morgan" has won the James B. Hanes Poetry Prize, the North Carolina Award in Literature, and the "Jacaranda Review" Fiction Prize. His short stories have appeared in "Prize Stories: The O. Henry Awards" and "New Stories from the South, " and his novel "The Truest Pleasure" was a finalist for the Southern Book Critics Circle Award for Fiction. He is a professor of English at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York.
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Shil'nikov E.V.,OAO Metallurgical Plant Electrostal |
Paderin S.N.,National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"
Russian Metallurgy (Metally) | Year: 2013
Pure gaseous oxygen at a pressure pO2 1/2 is taken as the standard state of oxygen dissolved in a liquid metal. In the case of such a standard state of oxygen, its activity is equal to the equilibrium oxygen partial pressure in the vapor, which is risen to a power of 1/2. This allowed us, using two thermodynamic functions, i.e., the standard Gibbs energy for the oxidation reaction of liquid metal with oxygen to form a lower oxide and the experimentally determined oxygen solubility in a liquid metal, to obtain equations for the energies of mixing of each metal with oxygen and to calculate them, to find linear temperature dependences of the energies of mixing, and to describe oxygen solutions in liquid metals by pseudoregular-solution model equations. Linear dependences of the solubility functions on the standard Gibbs energies for oxidation reactions of liquid metals are found. The aim of the study is to suggest the energies of mixing of four metals (Ni, Co, Fe, and Mn) with oxygen and their temperature dependences for the calculations of the activity coefficients and the activity of oxygen in the solutions of these liquid metals by the pseudoregular-solution model equations. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. Source
Shil'nikov E.V.,OAO Metallurgical Plant Electrostal |
Paderin S.N.,National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"
Russian Metallurgy (Metally) | Year: 2011
Thermodynamic analysis of the oxidation reactions that occur in decarburization of a metal during making a 1Kh18N10T corrosion-resistant steel in a 20-t arc furnace is performed. © 2011 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. Source
Thermodynamic laws of the oxygen solubility in liquid metals (Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, Cr) and the formation of oxygen-containing solutions in the alloys based on them
Paderin S.N.,OAO Metallurgical Plant Electrostal |
Shil'nikov E.V.,OAO Metallurgical Plant Electrostal
Russian Metallurgy (Metally) | Year: 2015
The solubility of oxygen in liquid Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, and Cr metals (Group IV in the periodic table) has been found for the first time. Linear dependences of the oxygen solubility on the standard Gibbs energy for the oxidation reaction of a liquid metal with gaseous oxygen are found. The revealed function of oxygen solubility is of scientific importance and allows one to develop a theory of oxygen solutions in liquid metals and liquid multicomponent metallic compositions and to calculate the energies of mixing of liquid metals with oxygen from ΔGMO ° for metal oxidation reactions with allowance for pseudoregular-solution model equations. Using the energies of mixing and metal compositions, we calculated the equilibrium oxygen concentrations in a metal molten pool at the end of oxidation stage of melting 08Kh18N10T steel in an arc furnace. This fact indicates practical importance of the found function of the oxygen solubility in metals. © 2015, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. Source


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Access WA Migration & Recruitment Consultants.
Western Australian Migration, Migration to Wa, Migration Wa,
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Finding the perfect Blue Ray Player is tougher than it seems. Sony and Samsung tend to dominate the market so there are not tons of choices, but picking the right one can make all of the difference. Below are 7 Players ranging from expensive to cheap. But if you want quality check out one of […]
The Best Computer Speakers For Desktop Computers to Get Quality Sound
Whether you're playing games, watching youtube videos, or listening to music, the speakers built into your desktop computer just won't cut it. Thankfully there are some great desktop computer speakers out there to really great quality sound. Here is a out list for seven of the best. #1. Logitech Multimedia Speakers Z200 with Stereo […]
The Best Worst Television Deaths of All Time
The Scariest Moments from Poltergeist
The original Poltergeist written by Steven Spielberg, yes that Steven Spielberg, is still one of the scariest movies I've ever seen. Besides just being visually frightening, the idea that you aren't safe in your home still freaks me out. Relive the horror of the 8 scariest moments below: The first time a TV became actually […]
The Best Scenes from War Games
There has never been a teen movie as frightening as War Games. And, the movie, about the time Matthew Broderick almost caused World War 3, is as relevant as ever. Here are 8 of the funniest and scariest moments of this lighthearted teen comedy about Thermal Nuclear War. (I have a feeling we might start seeing […]
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Nintendo NES Classic is going to save Christmas
Clue is Coming to the Stage
To make a long story short (too late.) Clue The Movie is being made into Clue The Play according to Variety. And the best part is, the movie's director and writer, Jonathan Lynn has written the play. The only question I have is why did this not happen sooner? According to Variety the world premiere of "Clue" will […]
The 8 Best Moments from the Movie Magnolia
There has never been a movie quite like Magnolia and there will never be another one like it. P.T. Anderson's Masterpiece pretty much has everything. Here are 8 of the best moments. #8. The Opening Green . . .Berry . . .Hill #7 Julianne Moore When you call her lady #6 Tom Cruise And his interview […]
How The Most Epic Meltdown of All Time Saved My Soul
The Funniest Moments from Waiting for Guffman
Waiting for Guffman is the funniest movie ever made about community theatre and Christopher Guest is a genius. Every single time I watch this I still hold out hope that he will actually show up. #1 Meet your Director #2 The Auditions #3 The Rehearsal #4 Supporting Your fellow Thespian #5 Living the […]
The Funniest Moments from The Waterboy
The very best movie ever to be made about a waterboy is The Waterboy. One of Adam Sandler's funniest movies, The Waterboy tells the harrowing story of a young man who follows his dream to become a waterboy. #9 Taking pride in your job is always important #8 Always believe in yourself. #7 truth. #6 #parenting […]
The Best Moments from Terminator 2
It is a rare for a sequel to better than the original. But Terminator 2 changed everything. Every action movie that has come out since owes a little something to James Cameron's Masterpiece. Here are 10 of the best moments of action ever captured on film. #10 The Intro. #9 1-800-Flowers ivers. #8 […]
Rey is actually a Skywalker and a Kenobi
The Best Dowager Quotes from Downton Abbey
10 Best Lines from Alanis Morissette Songs
The Funniest Lines From Christmas Vacation
The 10 Best Quotes from The Rocky Horror Picture Show
The 10 Most Underrated Movies of All Time
Phil Collins Must Be Stopped
Phil Collins has announced he is coming out of retirement and the internet is not happy. Over 3,000 people have signed a petition at change.org to stop him. Here are some of the reasons: "I struggled for years with addiction to Phil Collins's music. Just take a lo at me now." Greg Stone, Newcastle upon Tyne, […]
The Best Moments from Fast Times at Ridgemont High
To this day Fast Times at Ridgemont High is the best and most realistic portrayal of the american teen ever captured on film. Every great teen movie that came out after owes a little something to Amy Heckerling's masterpiece. Here are 10 moments that capture its greatness. 1. That font! plus "We got the beat" by the Go-Gos […]
The Best Valentine's Day Cookies You Can Make Yourself
…because the best way to your true 's heart is with a coie you made all by yourself. Flip through our picks for the best coies to make this Valentine's Day EXTRA sweet. [ Swipe Left ] Sometimes the best gift is one you can bake yourself. Whether you're just comfortable decorating a store bought coie or want to […]
The 9 Best Quotes from Austin Powers
7 Reasons Why Airplane II The Sequel is Better than the Original
The jes are funnier, the situation is dramatic, and we're not in the past any, Elaine. This… is the FUTURE. Here are the 7 best reasons why Airplane II is actually better than the original Airplane. 7. Coffee is very important 6. Scraps is fine 5. I'm sorry, I don't do impressions… my training is in […]
The 10 Best Real Genius Moments That Made Me Even Smarter
They Might Be Giants Plus Wizard of OZ is the Best Thing to Ever Happen
The Super Mario Bros Movie Finally Gets the Recognition it Deserves
"Trust the Fungus" with these immortal words, Mario of the Mario Bros. fame saves the world once again in the Immortal Movie Classic Super Mario Bros. Mario Mario played by Bob Hoskins and Luigi Marion played by John Leguizamo rescue Princess Daisy from King Koopa somehow played by Dennis Hopper in this incredibly odd movie. The folks over […]
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Best Worst Special Effects Ever
I still can't believe Howard the Duck made the list. But, in all seriousness did we actually think any of the these seemed realistic? I vaguely remember being incredibly freaked out by the end of Robocop. Also why did my parents let me see that movie when I was ten years old? Seeing it now makes […]
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Is All Ways Park & Fly Christchurch incorrect or missing key business information? Update your Hotfrog listing today.
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Posted on 30 September 2015
- 20:00
The squad went through pre-training stretches outside on the running track before light work with the ball and short-sided games in the hour-long session ahead of tomorrow evening's Europa League Group J encounter.
We take on the Ligue 1 side on Matchday Two at 6pm UK time, 7pm local.
Not as easy at it looks! Someone always gets caught out. #COYSpic.twitter.com/QoloFcSlAX
— Tottenham Hotspur (@SpursOfficial) September 30, 2015
Not as easy at it looks! Someone always gets caught out. #COYSpic.twitter.com/QoloFcSlAX
Below: Federico Fazio and Harry Kane
22 November 2016
Advice and information for fans travelling to Monaco for our Champions League Group E, Matchday Five fixture against AS Monaco on Tuesday night.
21 November 2016
Images of the players in training at Stade Louis II in Monaco this evening (Monday, November 21) ahead of Tuesday night's UEFA Champions League clash.
13 September 2016
Travel information for fans attending Wednesday night's UEFA Champions League Group E fixture against AS Monaco at Wembley Stadium, connected by EE.
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© Tottenham Hotspur Ltd 2017. All rights reserved.
All photography copyright Getty Images (unless otherwise stated)


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Father: Daniel Emerson Cross b: 04 SEP 1745 in Methuen, Essex, Massachusetts, USA
Mother: Elizabeth Betty Tiler b: BEF 27 OCT 1745 in Boxford, Essex, Massachusetts, USA
Marriage 1 John Bailey b: 14 SEP 1783 in Haverhill, Essex, Massachusetts, USA
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Greetings Guest!!Dismiss Notice
In order to combat SPAM on the forums, all users are required to have a minimum of 2 posts before they can submit links in any post or thread.
CBDs, horned and barbed kits, and vet rewards 4 sell
Discussion in 'UO Siege Perilous' started by Sir Ha-ward, Feb 29, 2008.


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We hired them to paint all the main walls of our house – living room, dining room, stairwell, and a 18 ft floor to ceiling wall. They did a great job and the price was very reasonable compared to the competition in Ottawa. They were neat and tidy and even fixed up missed imperfections in the wall we didn't notice. We would definitely recommend for painting project!
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Our team is focused on providing quality painting services at an affordable rate. We treat every project like it's our own and pride ourselves on massive attention to detail. No sloppy jobs – we leave your residence as clean (always cleaner!) than when we found it. We're 100% dedicated to satisfying every customer and our customer reviews show it.
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Editorial Review
- Rating:
- 10 / 20
- Price:
- $$$$$
- Read Gayot Review »
Write a review!
3 reviews of Hooters, first by you?
July 12, 2012
The chicken wing r awesome and the food isn't the only good thing ;)
January 22, 2012
hot serve
I have been too many different hooters but Doral tops them all the girls that work here are gorges I love to come here view the hotties drink a beer and crack some crab legs the wing are grate to can't wait to go back
January 2, 2012
The music is to loud !!!
Best Dishes at Hooters
These dishes from the Hooters menu are contributed by Menuism users directly, as part of a restaurant review, or as part of an image upload.
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- Want to impress the boys? Ante up for the "Gourmet Chicken Wing Dinner": a bottle of Dom Perignon and 20 wings.
- Website
Recent Visitors
5/22/2015 A diner from Miami, FL tried it and liked it.
5/02/2015 A diner from Atlanta, GA tried it.
12/21/2014 A diner from Newark, NJ tried it, liked it, and rated it . They liked the food, liked the service, and liked the ambiance.
3/31/2014 A diner from Atlanta, GA tried it, liked it, and rated it . They liked the food, liked the service, and liked the ambiance.


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Hotels near Kostanjevica Monastery
Search Kostanjevica Monastery Hotels
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Trending now in Nova Gorica
Hotels within 0.5 miles of Kostanjevica Monastery
- Most bookedPark, Casino & Hotel
14 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"Had a day's work in Nova Gorica so the Park, a short walk from the bus station, was perfect. Also a short walk from Italy, the hotel is half casino – the same as its sister, the Pearl. Spacious room comfortable, equipped with a bathtub and working WiFi. Guests may take advantage of the luxuriant ..."
A Traveller, Aug 2015, GB
Hotels within 1 mile of Kostanjevica Monastery
41 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"Middle in the vineyards, at the sunny side of the Alps, the hotel offers spa and other facilities to relax, however, if you don't mind that a huge casino is located at the first floor. The restaurants (altogether three different ones) offer very good food and reasonable prices. The breakfast is a..."
J, Nov 2016, US
18 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Hotels within 2 miles of Kostanjevica Monastery
15 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"We were a bit disappointed that we couldn't get a room in a more attractive area of the region for that night and our first impression of the hotel wasn't great--no elevator, the room not very attractive or convenient for work. However, by the time we left, we fell in love with the place. Absolut..."
A Traveller, Aug 2015, US
14 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"This is the cheapest place I stayed in Slovenia, and only because it's not in a touristy town--the quality is just as good as elsewhere. The staff members were polite and efficient, and the room was large and clean. I did get some noise from neighbors slamming doors, but that's common. It's maybe..."
A Traveller, Jul 2014, US
13 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"Pros: Large, clean, private bath, 5 minute walk to town, quiet neighborhood. Cons: Mattress was really, REALLY firm. I actually like them a bit firm, but this is like a wood plank. I actually hate to complain about anything because it was so nice and the host was very lovely."
A Traveller, Jul 2015, US
11 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"We stayed here for almost a week and didn't want to leave! Gorizia is a beautiful town, the people are open and friendly. There are lots of beautiful shops bars and restaurants to enjoy. It's half an hour from the beach and the mountains. The hotel is spotless, the breakfast varied and plenti..."
A Traveller, Sep 2016, GB
10 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
10 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Hotels within 3 miles of Kostanjevica Monastery
- Dal RossoNo Guest Reviews yet
13 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Best Cheap Kostanjevica Monastery, Nova Gorica Hotels
5 of our most popular choices are:
1. Hotel Kendov Dvorec
2. Hotel Sanremo
3. Cassio
4. Castello di Spessa
5. Suite Maria Residence
And to help you make up your mind, you can read some of our reviews for Kostanjevica Monastery hotels.
Staying near Kostanjevica Monastery
Our map based hotel search function can be accessed from the map image above (or via standard search results) clearly showing the location of each hotel around Kostanjevica Monastery. You can also refine your search within Nova Gorica based upon other nearby landmarks and neighbourhoods as well as transport options to help you get around.
If you're driving, be sure to also check for hotels that offer onsite parking.
To get the best hotel deals near Kostanjevica Monastery you can also filter by price/ average nightly rate, and if you know what quality you are looking for, you can also filter by star rating and our own guest review rating, with reviews written by other guests from the UK and around the world.
If you're visiting Kostanjevica Monastery with the family or in a large group, be sure to check out the room options and facilities we list for each hotel to ensure we help find you the perfect hotel. Right now, our most popular hotel in Nova Gorica is Hotel Kendov Dvorec.
Deals on hotels near Kostanjevica Monastery
Hotels.com makes it easy to save money on every booking. We offer our Price Guarantee on most bookings. Plus we offer 4 more ways to save:
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4. City Breaks - Save up to 50% on weekend and short breaks.


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Is Thomson-csf Services Inds incorrect or missing key business information? Update your Hotfrog listing today.
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Hotfrog Singapore provides information regarding Thomson-csf Services Inds in Singapore. Thomson-csf Services Inds is located at 4 LOYANG LANE 06-02 LOYANG INDUSTRIAL EST, Singapore 508914 and provides Corporate Management services. Contact them on 65430861.
Is Thomson-csf Services Inds in 4 LOYANG LANE 06-02 LOYANG INDUSTRIAL EST, Singapore 508914 your business? Claim your listing and attract more leads by adding more content, photos and other business details.
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heritage building Adam Road Singapore 286658
ahmedabad 100 fit ring road setelaite Adam Road Singapore 286653
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If the plugin does not detect SSL, but you are sure you have SSL, it is possible the plugin could not open the test page, which is used to check if SSL is active. This might be caused by a security setting on your website, or of your server.
You can doublecheck your certificate by doing a scan on ssllabs.com/ssltest. It that checks out, you can bypass the Really Simple SSL certificate check in three steps:
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- Your site layout might break, but don't worry. This is because the stylesheets are not SSL yet.
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Your site will now be configured for SSL.


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Deadline & scheduling
After completing a Fine Arts Scholarship Application, you will also need to submit a portfolio of your work by March 1.
Portfolio guidelines
- Must be submitted electronically via email attachments or online portfolio such as ZeeMee portfolio link
- Photos must be submitted in JPEG format and be of high quality
- Include 5-15 pieces of your work
- For each work of art, include the title of the piece, medium, and dimensions
- Although you may use the same materials in your application for a fine arts scholarship and your application for admission, guidelines for the portfolio submissions may differ. Make sure to refer to the exact guidelines established by your department of interest as well as for admission.
- Optional
- Will be returned after review, upon request
- Scans of your sketchbook(s), in addition to your portfolio, are acceptable
Submitting your work
Submissions must be emailed to email@example.com before midnight on March 1.


text:
Bras d'Or Lakes
Issued 04:03 PM AST 06 December 2016
Forecasts have ended for the season.
Stay connected
Weather Conditions
Zoom-in to make a selection
Land Station
Ice Conditions
There is no ice forecast issued for this area.
No watches or warnings in effect.
Technical Marine SynopsisIssued 3:30 PM AST 25 February 2017 Tonight and Sunday At 3:30 p.m. AST today departing ridge located over Newfoundland.
At 3:30 p.m. AST today trough located over the East Coast of
the U.S.
By 10:00 a.m. AST Sunday trough located from Anticosti Island to
East Scotian Slope.
Marine Weather StatementIssued 3:09 PM AST 25 February 2017 A trough of low pressure will approach the district from the west
tonight and move to lie over the region Sunday morning. Strong
southeasterlies will develop ahead of the trough tonight. These winds
will reach gale force over much of the region on Sunday. In the wake
of the trough strong to gale force westerlies will develop.
Marine interests are advised that gale warnings are in effect for
eastern shore, Sable, East Scotian Slope, Fourchu, Banquereau,
Laurentian Fan, Cabot Strait, Gulf-Magdalen and Anticosti.
Marine interests are also advised that freezing spray warnings are in
effect for Gulf-Magdalen and Anticosti.
Atlantic - Newfoundland Area
- Anticosti - eastern half
- Anticosti - western half
- Banquereau
- Belle Isle Bank - eastern half
- Belle Isle Bank - western half
- Bras d'Or Lakes
- Cabot Strait - northern half
- Cabot Strait - southern half
- Chaleur - Miscou
- Eastern Shore
- East Coast - Cape St. Francis and south
- East Coast - north of Cape St. Francis
- Fourchu
- Funk Island Bank - northern half
- Funk Island Bank - southern half
- Gulf - Magdalen - eastern half
- Gulf - Magdalen - western half
- Gulf - Port au Port
- Lake Melville
- Laurentian Fan
- Mid Labrador Coast - Hopedale and south
- Northeast Coast
- Northeast Gulf
- Northern Grand Banks
- Northumberland Strait - eastern half
- Northumberland Strait - western half
- Sable
- Southeastern Grand Banks
- Southwestern Grand Banks
- Southwest Coast
- South Coast
- South Labrador Coast
- South Labrador Sea - western half
- Strait of Belle Isle
Another Region
- Arctic - Eastern Arctic
- Arctic - Western Arctic
- Atlantic - Labrador
- Atlantic - Maritimes
- Atlantic - Newfoundland
- Great Lakes - Lake Erie and Lake Ontario
- Great Lakes - Lake Huron
- Great Lakes - Lake Superior
What we are doing
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text: Overview Experience People Events News Intelligence Silicon Valley 975 Page Mill Road Palo Alto, CA 94304-1013 P 650.856.3700 F 650.856.3710 Directions Past Register Now Trade Secret Protection: Recent Sweeping Changes in Federal Law Sep 29 29 September 2016 –Palo Alto, CA Foley Partners Shawn McDonald and Victor de Gyarfas, members of the firm's Intellectual Property Litigation practice, will present on the legal issues concerning... Register Now Is This Being Recorded? Oct 13 13 October 2015 –Palo Alto, CA A former federal prosecutor discusses the state of government electronic surveillance. Register Now Winning Strategies in Life Sciences: Pursuing Success in Today's Changing Environment Oct 05 05 October 2012 –San Francisco, CA For life sciences companies, the pursuit of success involves meeting new regulatory and financing challenges. Our industry faces a changing environment as the delivery... Register Now The Full Complement Sep 27 27 September 2012 –Palo Alto, CA Thought you knew chocolate? The women of Foley's Palo Alto office cordially invite you to join us for a unique chocolate experience. Register Now Cross-Border Technology Transfer to China: Traps, Pitfalls, and Critical Issues Sep 20 20 September 2012 –Palo Alto, CA With the Chinese government expending tremendous effort and funds to encourage technology innovation within China, the country is fast becoming competitive in an... Register Now Valuation Metrics and Drivers in Today's Economy Sep 19 19 September 2012 –Santa Clara, CA Please join RoseRyan, Assay, Foley & Lardner and Silicon Valley Bank on September 19 for "Valuation Metrics and Drivers in Today's Economy," and find out what... Related 1 2 3


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"A spin around the Summit Road" Top 5 Page for this destination Port Hills Tip by fishandchips
Port Hills, Christchurch: 5 reviews and 15 photos
The Summit Rd winds itself around the top of the Port Hills and has some great views over Christchurch, Lyttelton, Sumner and the coast north (aka Pegasus Bay). The road itself is a bit on the narrow side and has many walkers and cyclists nearby.
Plenty of walking & MTB tracks are just off the road so be careful not to watch the action happening around you as the next corner may have a campervan on it. These tracks (all finishing on the Summit Rd) include Harry Ells track (from the Sign of the Takahe), Rapaki Track (from Rapaki Rd in St Martins) Bowenvale track ( from Bowenvale valley) and Worsleys track (from Cracroft - quite steep). There are also a number of tracks just below the Summit Rd.
With such stunning views driving here can be tricky so watch out!!
Address: Summit Rd
Directions: Go up Dyers pass Rd and turn left at the Sign of the Bellbird. You can drive all the way around to meet up with Evans Pass Rd which takes you to Lyttelton (right) and Sumner (left) plus stright on to Godley Head.
Phone: +64 3-379 9629
Website: http://www.christchurchnz.com/
More Things to Do in Christchurch (20)
More Reviews (86)
Restaurants (16)See All Pomeroys
Nightlife (10)See All Pegasus Arms
Off The Beaten Path (10)See All The Bridle Path
General (10)See All Edmonds Band Rotunda
Sports & Outdoors (12)See All Football
What to Pack (2)See All Winter Travel
Warnings and Dangers (4)See All Boy Racers
Local Customs (7)See All Town Crier
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Hotels (4)See All formerly the Park Royal
Shopping (3)See All Cashel Street Mall
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text:
SD cards can offer a great deal of convenience when working with electronic gadgets, offering plenty of additional storage space for cameras, phones and gaming systems. An SD card can quickly become a necessary item. If you've recently begun to experience problems with your Sandisk SD card, you may need to format it in order to return it to working condition. Thankfully, formatting an SD card takes only a few seconds and should solve most problems associated with inaccessible memory.
Things You'll Need
- SD-to-USB Converter ( If your PC does not have an on-board SD card reader)
Insert your Sandisk SD card into your SD-to-USB converter; if your computer already has an SD card slot, simply insert the SD card directly into your computer
Power up your PC. When the computer has finished loading, insert your SD-to-USB converter into your computer's USB port.
Open Windows Explorer, and locate the SD card. You should see it under "Removable Storage."
Right click your SD card, then locate the option "Format" in the right-click menu.
Select "Format" to open the formatting wizard. In the formatting window, select "Quick Format," then select "OK" to automatically format the SD card. It should now appear as an empty drive.
Tips & Warnings
- If there is still data accessible on the SD card, you may wish to copy it to your computer before formatting the card. Any data left on the card will be erased once the formatting process is complete.
- If your SD card is physically damaged in any way, do not attempt to insert it into your computer or converter. It may not be repairable in its state, and could damage your other peripherals.
Related Searches
- Photo Credit Brand X Pictures/Brand X Pictures/Getty Images
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text:
The royal fast track
Abu Dhabi's rulers are rushing to build a new economy and establish the emirate as a sporting, leisure, cultural, scientific, media and business hub
Frank Gehry's design for the Guggenheim, a pet project of Sheikh Mohammed (Claire Malcolm) There are rollercoasters and then there is Ferrari World's Formula Rossa. From a standstill, you accelerate to 62mph in just two seconds, pulling 1.7G.
The cars reach a top speed of 149mph before flicking through the chicanes and crossing the finish line. The ride, which opens next week, is the centrepiece of Abu Dhabi's latest attraction on Yas Island, home of the Formula One Grand Prix, which will conclude this year's season next month. It is also the perfect metaphor for the emirate, one of the seven that form the United Arab Emirates.
Abu Dhabi is a city state in a hurry. From a standing start, it wants to establish itself as the undisputed sporting, leisure, cultural, scientific, media and business hub of the Gulf in a generation. If it succeeds it could become the unofficial capital of the Middle East. While its neighbour, debt-hobbled Dubai, continues to chase financial services, property investors and footballers' wives, Abu Dhabi intends to build a more balanced and secure economic base that will endure once its oil reserves finally run out.
The pace of change is remarkable.
Six years ago, after the death of conservative-minded leader Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan al-Nahyan and the succession of two of his 19 sons, Sheikh Khalifa, his eldest, as president, and the much younger Sheikh Mohammed as crown prince, Abu Dhabi started to use its oil wealth — it has 10% of the world's known reserves — to impose itself on the map of the world.
One of the first projects to get off the ground was Abu Dhabi's international carrier, Etihad Airways, a rival to Dubai's Emirates. Next came the landmarks, such as the $3 billion (£1.9 billion) Emirates Palace hotel, with its $1,000-a-night rooms and $10,000 suites, and the magnificent Sheikh Zayed Mosque, one of the largest in the world. Next, laws were changed to allow foreigners to buy property, prompting the first residential developments. Sport followed, with the purchase of Manchester City Football Club, the debut of the Grand Prix last year, and now Ferrari World.
So far, so razzle-dazzle. But there's more. Saadiyat Island is being transformed from dusty desert scrub into a $27 billion, 670-acre cultural district with museums, galleries and concert halls designed by some of the world's best-known architects, including Zaha Hadid, Jean Nouvel, Tadao Ando and — at the special request of the crown prince — Frank Gehry, who will try to outdo what he did for the Guggenheim in Bilbao.
For good measure, Abu Dhabi has paid $1.3billion for an outpost of the Louvre, the first outside France. Another star architect, Norman Foster, is behind Masdar, a low-carbon city.
Abu Dhabi is investing in nuclear power, with no hint of the US opposition evident in Iran. The emirate is diversifying its industrial base by expanding into high-tech industry, thanks to tie-ups with the American giant GE and computer chip makers Advanced Micro Devices of the US and Chartered of Singapore.
The desert kingdom is becoming an aerospace hub, attracting Germany's Daimler and investing in Richard Branson's Virgin Galactic commercial space-flight programme. It is also pushing ahead with aluminium production, solar energy and high-tech healthcare. To boost trade, a vast new port is being built. Overall, the city state is spending $1 trillion on infrastructure alone.
New deals signed with Fox and Warner Bros are creating the Gulf's film and media hub. The Abu Dhabi Investment Authority (ADIA), the world's biggest sovereign wealth fund with holdings worth up to $1 trillion, has invested cannily in blue-chip assets such as Barclays and the private-equity group Carlyle.
Abu Dhabi has done so much, so fast, in spite of the credit crunch and the fall in oil prices, thanks to its vast capital reserves and what supporters call streamlined decision making and is dismissed by detractors as autocracy.
Put simply, the city state is the world's largest, richest family business. The heads of the ruling family are chairman, chief executive and chief operating officer of Abu Dhabi Inc, so to speak. They give orders to a board of loyal subordinates, who implement policy without the need for approval from any elected body. There are no political parties. The press is owned by the ruling elite and uncritical of it.
Sheikh Khalifa, 62, is the chairman of Abu Dhabi Inc, and his half-brother, Sheikh Mohammed, is the chief executive. Sheikh Mohammed is the driving force behind Vision 2030, the emirate's development blueprint. The Sandhurst-educated 50-year-old, who carries the rank of general, is also the chairman of the executive council, essentially Abu Dhabi's cabinet. Sheikh Khalifa, who Forbes magazine estimates has personal wealth of $23 billion, is less hands-on than Sheikh Mohammed, but it would be wrong to underestimate his role. He is chairman of ADIA and president of Abu Dhabi's supreme petroleum council, which sets the emirate's policies for hydrocarbons, the key source of revenue.
Sheikh Mansour, 40, is the chief operating officer. He is a full brother to the crown prince and is among six sons of Sheikh Zayed who share the same mother, Fatima, a favourite wife of the late ruler. Sheikh Mansour has been chairman of International Petroleum Investment Co since 1994 and is the federal minister of presidential affairs. He sprang to global prominence by spearheading the acquisition of Manchester City and investing $3.5 billion in Barclays bank.
Below the ruling family elite are a small number of handpicked lieutenants. Key among them is Khaldoon Khalifa al-Mubarak, the urbane, 35-year-old, US-educated head of Mubadala, a state-backed investment house. He is behind the Ferrari World development (Mubadala has bought a 5% stake in Ferrari), Masdar and much of the industrial diversification. As head of the elite Executive Affairs Authority, he is a key adviser to Sheikh Mohammed, and the unofficial spokesman for the sheikhs.
British academic Christopher Davidson, author of a recent history of Abu Dhabi, describes the system by which the emirate's oil wealth is distributed among the ruling family, the government and its people as "tribal capitalism". If the wealth were shared equally between the 420,000 citizens of Abu Dhabi, all would be millionaires, but, in fact, for ordinary Emiratis the benefits mostly come in the form of new schools and jobs. For overseas investors, the benefits come in the form of investment opportunities.
London forum
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Chapter 20: The Knee and Related Structures
Complex joint that endures great amounts of trauma due to extreme amounts of stress that are regularly applied Hinge joint w/ a rotational component Stability is due primarily to ligaments, joint capsule and muscles surrounding the joint Designed for stability w/ weight bearing and mobility in locomotion
Knee and Related Structures 1.Anatomy of the Knee A. Bones i. Femur Medial Condyle Lateral Condyle Medial Epicondyle Lateral Epicondyle ii. Tibia Tibial Plateau Tibial Tuberosity Gerdy's Tubercle Intercondylar Eminence iii. Fibula Head iv. Patella Largest seasmoid bone Located within the tendon of the quadriceps femoris
Knee and Related Structures b.Articulations i.Femur and tibia ii.Femur and patella iii.Femur and fibula iv.Tibia and fibula c.Menisci i.Two oval fibrocartilages that deepen the articular facets of the tibia ii.Cushion iii.Maintain spacing between femur and tibia
Knee and Related Structures iv.Maintain stability 1.Medial Meniscus a."C" shaped 2.Lateral Meniscus a."O" shaped v.Blood supply i.Red-red zone = peripheral 1/3 edge = good blood supply ii.Red-white zone = middle 1/3 edge = minimal blood supply iii.White-white zone = inner 1/3 edge = avascular = no blood
Knee and Related Structures d.Ligaments i.Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) 1.Anterior medial tibia to Posterior lateral femur 2.Prevents femur from moving posterior during wt bearing 3.Stabilizes tibial internal rotation 4.Main knee ligament stabilizer ii.Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) 1.Posterior lateral tibia to Anterior medial femur 2.Prevents hyperextension 3.Prevents femur from moving anterior during wt bering
Knee and Related Structures iii.Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) 1.Medial femoral epicondyle to Medial tibial epicondyle 2.Prevent valgus and external rotation forces 3.Has attachment to the medial meniscus iv.Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) 1. Lateral epicondyle of femur to Head of fibula
Knee and Related Structures e.Joint Capsule Components i.Bursa – Synovial fluid filled pouches 1.Reduce friction 2.Two dozen in and around the knee a.Suprapatellar b.Prepatellar c.Infrapatellar d.Deep infrapatellar ii.Fat pad 1.Cushions front of the knee 2.Separtates patellar tendon from joint capsule
Knee and Related Structures f.Musculature i.Knee flexion – hamstring group 1.Biceps femoris 2.Semitendinosus 3.Semimembranosus 4.Gracilis 5.Sartorius 6.Gastrocnemius 7.Popliteus 8.plantaris
Knee and Related Structures ii.Knee Extension – Quadriceps Group 1.Vastus Medialis 2.Vastus Lateralis 3.Vastus Intermedius 4.Rectus Femoris
Knee and Related Structures g.Nerve Supply i.Tibial nerve = hamstring and gastrocnemius ii.Common peroneal nerve = proximal fibula head = contusion causes sensory and motor deficits distally iii.Femoral nerve h.Blood Supply i. Popliteal artery = stem of femoral artery
Knee and Related Structures 2.Leg Alignment Deviations a.Predispose to injury i.Patellar malalignment ii.Genu valgum iii.Genu varum iv.Genu recurvatum b.Leg-Length and Patella Discrepancies i.Anatomical leg length (true leg length) 1.ASIS to Lateral Malleolus ii.Anatomical leg length (functional leg length) 1.Umbilicus to Medial Malleolus iii.Girth Measurement iv.Q-Angle Measurement 1. ASIS to Mid-patella to Tibial Tuberosity
Knee and Related Structures 3.Special Tests for Knee Joint Stability a.Valgus Stress Test b.Varus Stress Test c.Anterior Drawer d.Lachman Drawer Test e.Pivot Shift Test f.Posterior Drawer Test g.Posterior Sag Test h.McMurray's Test i.Apley Compression Test j.Apley Distraction Test k.Patellar Compression, Grinding, Apprehension, Chandelier Tests
Functional Anatomy Movement of the knee requires flexion, extension, rotation and the arthrokinematic motions of rolling and gliding Rotational component involves the "screw home mechanism" –As the knee extends it externally rotates because the medial femoral condyle is larger than the lateral –Provides increased stability to the knee –Popliteus "unlocks" knee allowing knee to flex
Capsular ligaments are taut during full extension and relaxed w/ flexion –Allows rotation to occur –Deeper capsular ligaments remain taut to keep rotation in check PCL prevents excessive internal rotation, guides the knee in flexion, and acts as drag during initial glide phase of flexion ACL stops excessive internal rotation, stabilizes the knee in full extension and prevents hyperextension
Range of motion includes 140 degrees of motion –Limited by shortened position of hamstrings, bulk of hamstrings and extensibility of quads Patella aids knee during extension, providing a mechanical advantage –Distributes compressive stress on the femur by increasing contact between patellar tendon and femur –Protects patellar tendon against friction –When moving from extension to flexion the patella glides laterally and further into trochlear groove
Kinetic Chain –Directly affected by motions and forces occurring at the foot, ankle, lower leg, thigh, hip, pelvis, and spine –With the kinetic chain forces must be absorbed and distributed –If body is unable to manage forces, breakdown to the system occurs –Knee is very susceptible to injury resulting from absorption of forces
Assessing the Knee Joint Determining the mechanism of injury is critical History- Current Injury –Past history –Mechanism- what position was your body in? –Did the knee collapse? –Did you hear or feel anything? –Could you move your knee immediately after injury or was it locked? –Did swelling occur? –Where was the pain
History - Recurrent or Chronic Injury –What is your major complaint? –When did you first notice the condition? –Is there recurrent swelling? –Does the knee lock or catch? –Is there severe pain? –Grinding or grating? –Does it ever feel like giving way? –What does it feel like when ascending and descending stairs? –What past treatment have you undergone?
Observation –Walking, half squatting, going up and down stairs –Swelling, ecchymosis, –Leg alignment Genu valgum and genu varum Hyperextension and hyperflexion Patella alta and baja Patella rotated inward or outward –May cause a combination of problems Tibial torsion, femoral anteversion and retroversion
Tibial torsion –An angle that measures less than 15 degrees is an indication of tibial torsion Femoral Anteversion and Retroversion –Total rotation of the hip equals ~100 degrees –If the hip rotates >70 degrees internally, anteversion of the hip may exist –INSERT 20-9
–Knee Symmetry or Asymmetry Do the knees look symmetrical? Is there obvious swelling? Atrophy? –Leg Length Discrepancy Anatomical or functional Anatomical differences can potentially cause problems in all weight bearing joints Functional differences can be caused by pelvic rotations or mal-alignment of the spine
Palpation - Bony Medial tibial plateau Medial femoral condyle Adductor tubercle Gerdy's tubercle Lateral tibial plateau Lateral femoral condyle Lateral epicondyle Head of fibula Tibial tuberosity Superior and inferior patella borders (base and apex) Around the periphery of the knee relaxed, in full flexion and extension
Palpation - Soft Tissue Vastus medialis Vastus lateralis Vastus intermedius Rectus femoris Quadriceps and patellar tendon Sartorius Medial patellar plica Anterior joint capsule Iliotibial Band Arcuate complex Medial and lateral collateral ligaments Pes anserine Medial/lateral joint capsule Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Gastrocnemius Popliteus Biceps Femoris
Palpation of Swelling –Intra vs. extracapsular swelling –Intracapsular may be referred to as joint effusion –Swelling w/in the joint that is caused by synovial fluid and blood is a hemarthrosis –Sweep maneuver –Ballotable patella - sign of joint effusion –Extracapsular swelling tends to localize over the injured structure May ultimately migrate down to foot and ankle
Special Tests for Knee Instability –Use endpoint feel to determine stability –MRI may also be necessary for assessment –Classification of Joint Instability Knee laxity includes both straight and rotary instability Translation (tibial translation) refers to the glide of tibial plateau relative to the femoral condyles As the damage to stabilization structures increases, laxity and translation also increase –Valgus and Varus Stress Tests Used to assess the integrity of the MCL and LCL respectively Testing at 0 degrees incorporates capsular testing while testing at 30 degrees of flexion isolates the ligaments
–Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tests Drawer test at 90 degrees of flexion –Tibia sliding forward from under the femur is considered a positive sign (ACL) –Should be performed w/ knee internally and externally to test integrity of joint capsule
Lachman Drawer Test –Will not force knee into painful flexion immediately after injury –Reduces hamstring involvement –At 30 degrees of flexion an attempt is made to translate the tibia anteriorly on the femur –A positive test indicates damage to the ACL
Pivot Shift Test –Used to determine anterolateral rotary instability –Position starts w/ knee extended and leg internally rotated –The thigh and knee are then flexed w/ a valgus stress applied to the knee –Reduction of the tibial plateau (producing a clunk) is a positive sign
Posterior Cruciate Ligament Tests –Posterior Drawer Test Knee is flexed at 90 degrees and a posterior force is applied to determine translation posteriorly Positive sign indicates a PCL deficient knee
Posterior Sag Test (Godfrey's test) –Athlete is supine w/ both knees flexed to 90 degrees –Lateral observation is required to determine extent of posterior sag while comparing bilaterally
Instrument Assessment of the Cruciate Ligaments A number of devices are available to quantify AP displacement of the knee KT-2000 arthrometer, Stryker knee laxity tester and Genucom can be used to assess the knee Test can be taken pre & post-operatively and through rehab
Meniscal Tests –McMurray's Meniscal Test Used to determine displaceable meniscal tear Leg is moved into flexion and extension while knee is internally and externally rotated in conjunction w/ valgus and varus stressing A positive test is found w/ clicking and popping response
Apley's Compression Test –Hard downward pressure is applied w/ rotation –Pain indicates a meniscal injury Apley's Distraction Test –Traction is applied w/ rotation –Pain will occur if there is damage to the capsule or ligaments –No pain will occur if it is meniscal
Girth Measurements –Changes in girth can occur due to atrophy, swelling and conditioning –Must use circumferential measures to determine deficits and gains during the rehabilitation process –Measurements should be taken at the joint line, the level of the tibial tubercle, belly of the gastrocnemius, 2 cm above the superior border of the patella, and 8-10 cm above the joint line Subjective Rating –Used to determine patient's perception of pain, stability and functional performance
Functional Examination –Must assess walking, running, turning and cutting –Co-contraction test, vertical jump, single leg hop tests and the duck walk –Resistive strength testing Q-Angle –Lines which bisects the patella relative to the ASIS and the tibial tubercle –Normal angle is 10 degrees for males and 15 degrees for females –Elevated angles often lead to pathological conditions associated w/ improper patella tracking
Palpation of the Patella –Must palpate around and under patella to determine points of pain Patella Grinding, Compression and Apprehension Tests –A series of glides and compressions are performed w/ the patella to determine integrity of patellar cartilage
Prevention of Knee Injuries Physical Conditioning and Rehabilitation –Total body conditioning is required Strength, flexibility, cardiovascular and muscular endurance, agility, speed and balance –Muscles around joint must be conditioned (flexibility and strength) to maximize stability –Must avoid abnormal muscle action through flexibility –In an effort to prevent injury, extensibility of hamstrings, erector spinae, groin, quadriceps and gastrocnemius is important
ACL Prevention Programs –Focus on strength, neuromuscular control, balance –Series of different programs which address balance board training, landing strategies, plyometric training, and single leg performance –Can be implemented in rehabilitation and preventative training programs Shoe Type –Change in football footwear has drastically reduced the incidence of knee injuries –Shoes w/ more shorter cleats does not allow foot to become fixed while still allowing for control w/ running and cutting
Functional and Prophylactic Knee Braces –Used to prevent and reduce severity of knee injuries –Used to protect MCL, or prevent further damage to grade 1 & 2 sprains of the ACL or to protect the ACL following surgery –Can be custom molded and designed to control rotational forces
Recognition and Management of Specific Injuries Medial Collateral Ligament Sprain –Etiology Result of severe blow or outward twist –Signs and Symptoms - Grade I Little fiber tearing or stretching Stable valgus test Little or no joint effusion Some joint stiffness and point tenderness on lateral aspect Relatively normal ROM
–Management RICE for at least 24 hours Crutches if necessary Follow-up care will include cryokinetics w/ exercise Move from isometrics and STLR exercises to bicycle riding and isokinetics Return to play when all areas have returned to normal May require 3 weeks to recover
–Signs and Symptoms (Grade II) Complete tear of deep capsular ligament and partial tear of superficial layer of MCL No gross instability; laxity at 5-15 degrees of flexion Slight swelling Moderate to severe joint tightness w/ decreased ROM Pain along medial aspect of knee –Management RICE for 48-72 hours; crutch use until acute phase has resolved Possibly a brace or casting prior to the initiation of ROM activities Modalities 2-3 times daily for pain Gradual progression from isometrics (quad exercises) to CKC exercises; functional progression activities
–Signs and Symptoms (Grade III) Complete tear of supporting ligaments Complete loss of medial stability Minimum to moderate swelling Immediate pain followed by ache Loss of motion due to effusion and hamstring guarding Positive valgus stress test –Management RICE Conservative non-operative versus surgical approach Limited immobilization (w/ a brace); progressive weight bearing for Rehab would be similar to Grade I & II injuries
Lateral Collateral Ligament Sprain –Etiology Result of a varus force, generally w/ the tibia internally rotated Direct blow is rare If severe enough damage can also occur to the cruciate ligaments, ITB, and meniscus, producing bony fragments as well –Signs and Symptoms Pain and tenderness over LCL Swelling and effusion around the LCL Joint laxity w/ varus testing May cause irritation of the peroneal nerve –Management Following management of MCL injuries depending on severity
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Sprain –Etiology MOI - tibia externally rotated and valgus force at the knee (occasionally the result of hyperextension from direct blow) May be linked to inability to decelerate valgus and rotational stresses - landing strategies Male versus female Research is quite extensive in regards to impact of femoral notch, ACL size and laxity, malalignments (Q-angle) faulty biomechanics Extrinsic factors may include, conditioning, skill acquisition, playing style, equipment, preparation time Also involves damage to other structures including meniscus, capsule, MCL
–Signs and Symptoms Experience pop w/ severe pain and disability Rapid swelling at the joint line Positive anterior drawer and Lachman's Other ACL tests may also be positive –Management RICE; use of crutches Arthroscopy may be necessary to determine extent of injury Could lead to major instability in incidence of high performance W/out surgery joint degeneration may result Age and activity may factor into surgical option Surgery may involve joint reconstruction w/ grafts (tendon), transplantation of external structures –Will require brief hospital stay and 3-5 weeks of a brace –Also requires 4-6 months of rehab
Posterior Cruciate Ligament Sprain –Etiology Most at risk during 90 degrees of flexion Fall on bent knee is most common mechanism Can also be damaged as a result of a rotational force –Signs and Symptoms Feel a pop in the back of the knee Tenderness and relatively little swelling in the popliteal fossa Laxity w/ posterior sag test –Management RICE Non-operative rehab of grade I and II injuries should focus on quad strength Surgical versus non-operative –Surgery will require 6 weeks of immobilization in extension w/ full weight bearing on crutches –ROM after 6 weeks and PRE at 4 months
Meniscal Lesions –Etiology Medial meniscus is more commonly injured due to ligamentous attachments and decreased mobility –Also more prone to disruption through torsional and valgus forces Most common MOI is rotary force w/ knee flexed or extended Can be longitudinal, oblique or transverse tears –Signs and Symptoms Effusion developing over 48-72 hour period Joint line pain and loss of motion Intermittent locking and giving way Pain w/ squatting Portions may become detached causing locking, giving way or catching w/in the joint If chronic, recurrent swelling or muscle atrophy may occur
–Management If the knee is not locked, but indications of a tear are present further diagnostic testing may be required If locking occurs, anesthesia may be necessary to unlock the joint w/ possible arthroscopic surgery follow-up W/ surgery all efforts are made to preserve the meniscus -- will full healing being dependent on location Menisectomy rehab allows partial weight bearing and quick return to activity Repaired meniscus will require immobilization and a gradual return to activity over the course of 12 weeks
Osteochondral Knee Fractures –Etiology Same MOI as collateral/cruciate ligaments or meniscal injuries Twisting, sudden cutting or direct blow –Signs and Symptoms Hear a snap and feeling of giving way Immediate swelling and considerable pain –Management Diagnosis confirmed through arthroscopic exam, w/ surgery to replace fragment to avoid joint degeneration and arthritis
Osteochondritis Dissecans –Etiology Partial or complete separation of articular cartilage and subchondral bone Cause is unknown but may include blunt trauma, possible skeletal or endocrine abnormalities, prominent tibial spine impinging on medial femoral condyle, or impingement due to patellar facet –Signs and Symptoms Aching pain with recurrent swelling and possible locking Possible quadriceps atrophy and point tenderness –Management Rest and immobilization for children Surgery may be necessary in teenagers and adults (drilling to stimulate healing, pinning or bone grafts
Loose Bodies w/in the Knee –Etiology Result of repeated trauma Possibly stem from osteochondritis dissecans, meniscal fragments, synovial tissue or cruciate ligaments –Signs and Symptoms May become lodged, causing locking or popping Pain and sensation of instability –Management If not surgically removed it can lead to conditions causing joint degeneration
Joint Contusions –Etiology Blow to the muscles crossing the joint (vastus medialis) –Signs and Symptoms Present as knee sprain, severe pain, loss of movement and signs of acute inflammation Swelling, discoloration Possible capsular damage –Management RICE initially and continue if swelling persists Gradual progression to normal activity following return of ROM and padding for protection If swelling does not resolve w/in a week a chronic condition (synovitis or bursitis) may exist requiring more rest
Peroneal Nerve Contusion –Etiology Compression of peroneal nerve due to a direct blow –Signs and Symptoms Local pain and possible shooting nerve pain Numbness and paresthesia in cutaneous distribution of the nerve Added pressure may exacerbate condition Generally resolves quickly -- in the event it does not resolve, it could result in drop foot –Management RICE and return to play once symptoms resolve and no weakness is present Padding for fibular head is necessary for a few weeks
Bursitis –Etiology Acute, chronic or recurrent swelling Prepatellar = continued kneeling Infrapatellar = overuse of patellar tendon –Signs and Symptoms Prepatellar bursitis may be localized swelling above knee that is ballotable Swelling in popliteal fossa may indicate a Baker's cyst –Associated w/ semimembranosus bursa or medial head of gastrocnemius –Commonly painless and causing little disability –May progress and should be treated accordingly –Management Eliminate cause, RICE and NSAID's Aspiration and steroid injection if chronic
Patellar Fracture –Etiology Direct or indirect trauma (severe pull of tendon) Forcible contraction, falling, jumping or running –Signs and Symptoms Hemorrhaging and joint effusion w/ generalized swelling Indirect fractures may cause capsular tearing, separation of bone fragments and possible quadriceps tendon tearing Little bone separation w/ direct injury –Management X-ray necessary for confirmation of findings RICE and splinting if fracture suspected Refer and immobilize for 2-3 months
Acute Patella Subluxation or Dislocation –Etiology Deceleration w/ simultaneous cutting in opposite direction (valgus force at knee) Quad pulls the patella out of alignment Some athletes may be predisposed to injury Repetitive subluxation will impose stress to medial restraints –Signs and Symptoms W/ subluxation, pain and swelling, restricted ROM, palpable tenderness over adductor tubercle Dislocations result in total loss of function
–Management Reduction is performed by flexing hip, moving patella medially and slowly extending the knee Following reduction, immobilization for at least 4 weeks w/ use of crutches and isometric exercises during this period After immobilization period, horseshoe pad w/ elastic wrap should be used to support patella Muscle rehab focusing on muscle around the knee, thigh and hip are key (STLR's are optimal for the knee) Possible surgery to release tight structures Improve postural and biomechanical factors
Chondromalacia patella –Etiology Softening and deterioration of the articular cartilage Possible abnormal patellar tracking due to genu valgum, external tibial torsion, foot pronation, femoral anteversion, patella alta, shallow femoral groove, increased Q angle, laxity of quad tendon –Signs and Symptoms Pain w/ walking, running, stairs and squatting Possible recurrent swelling, grating sensation w/ flexion and extension Pain at inferior border during palpation –Management Conservative measures –RICE, NSAID's, isometrics, orthotics to correct dysfunction Surgical possibilities
Patellofemoral Stress Syndrome –Etiology Result of lateral deviation of patella while tracking in femoral groove –Tight structures, pronation, increased Q angle, insufficient medial musculature –Signs and Symptoms Tenderness of lateral facet of patella and swelling associated w/ irritation of synovium Dull ache in center of knee Patellar compression will elicit pain and crepitus Apprehension when patella is forced laterally –Management Correct imbalances (strength and flexibility) McConnell taping Lateral retinacular release if conservative measures fail
Osgood-Schlatter Disease and Larsen- Johansson Disease –Etiology Osgood Schlatter's is an apophysitis occurring at the tibial tubercle –Begins cartilagenous and develops a bony callus, enlarging the tubercle –Resolves w/ aging –Common cause = repeated avulsion of patellar tendon Larsen Johansson is the result of excessive pulling on the inferior pole of the patella –Signs and Symptoms Both elicit swelling, hemorrhaging and gradual degeneration of the apophysis due to impaired circulation
–Signs and Symptoms (continued) Pain w/ kneeling, jumping and running Point tenderness –Management Conservative –Reduce stressful activity until union occurs (6-12 months) –Possible casting, ice before and after activity –Isometerics
Patellar Tendinitis (Jumper's or Kicker's Knee) –Etiology Jumping or kicking - placing tremendous stress and strain on patellar or quadriceps tendon Sudden or repetitive extension –Signs and Symptoms Pain and tenderness at inferior pole of patella –3 phases - 1)pain after activity, 2)pain during and after, 3)pain during and after (possibly prolonged) and may become constant –Management Ice, phonophoresis, iontophoresis, ultrasound, heat Exercise Patellar tendon bracing Transverse friction massage
Patellar Tendon Rupture –Etiology Sudden, powerful quad contraction Generally does not occur unless a chronic inflammatory condition persist resulting in tissue degeneration Occur primarily at point of attachment –Signs and Symptoms Palpable defect, lack of knee extension Considerable swelling and pain (initially) –Management Surgical repair is needed Proper conservative care of jumper's knee can minimize chances of occurring If steroids are being used, intense knee exercise should be avoided due to weakening of collagen
Runner's Knee (Cyclist's Knee) –Etiology General expression for repetitive/overuse conditions attributed to mal-alignment and structural asymmetries –Signs and Symptoms IT Band Friction Syndrome –Irritation at band's insertion - commonly seen in individual that have genu varum or pronated feet Pes Anserine Tendinitis or Bursitis –Result of excessive genu valgum and weak vastus medialis –Due to running w/ one leg higher than the other –Management Correction of mal-alignments Ice before and after activity, proper warm-up and stretching Avoidance of aggravating activities NSAID's and orthotics
Knee Joint Rehabilitation General Body Conditioning –Must be maintained with non-weight bearing activities Weight Bearing –Initial crutch use, non-weight bearing –Gradual progression to weight bearing while wearing rehabilitative brace Knee Joint Mobilization –Used to reduce arthrofibrosis –Patellar mobilization is key following surgery –CPM units
Flexibility –Must be regained, maintained and improved Muscular Strength –Progression of isometrics, isotonic training, isokinetics and plyometrics –Incorporate eccentric muscle action –Open versus closed kinetic chain exercises Neuromuscular Control –Loss of control is generally the result of pain and swelling –Through exercise and balance equipment proprioception can be enhanced
Bracing –Variety of braces for a variety of injuries and conditions –Typically worn for 3-6 weeks after surgery --used to limit ranges for a period of time –Some are used to control for specific injuries while others are designed for specific forces and stability Functional Progression –Gradual return to sports specific skills –Progress w/ weight bearing, move into walking and running, and then onto sprinting and change of direction
Return to Activity –Based on healing process - sufficient time for healing must be allowed –Objective criteria include strength and ROM measures as well as functional performance tests
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https://goo.gl/3UYIY0 [PAID]
Music Used :
Intro – Immortal by Invncble : https://goo.gl/0nwiOy
Nova by Ahrix : https://goo.gl/DbBr6h
Life Of Riley : https://goo.gl/yqcAob
Thanks for watching guys..
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