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"Coram captures General Krulak's striding march across the Marine Corps, and across the American century...[and] is a meticulous investigator of the things that drove Brute Krulak, not all of them pretty... Brute is plainspoken and absorbing...and captures its subject in strokes that are sharp, simple and often funny."
Brute: The Life of Victor Krulak, U.S. Marineby Robert Coram
Victor "Brute" Krulak is arguably the most important officer in the history of the U.S. Marine Corps. In China, he went on daring spy missions. In World War II, he was instrumental in developing amphibious vehicles, and masterminded the invasion of Okinawa. In Korea, he was a combat hero and pioneered the use of helicopters in warfare. In Vietnam, he
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Victor "Brute" Krulak is arguably the most important officer in the history of the U.S. Marine Corps. In China, he went on daring spy missions. In World War II, he was instrumental in developing amphibious vehicles, and masterminded the invasion of Okinawa. In Korea, he was a combat hero and pioneered the use of helicopters in warfare. In Vietnam, he devised a holistic strategy to fighting the Viet Cong, but when he stood up to LBJ, Krulak was forced to retire. Yet perhaps all of his accomplishments pale in comparison to what he did after World War II and again after Korea: Krulak almost single-handedly stopped the U.S. government from abolishing the Marine Corps. And all the while, he kept secret the truth that he feared would destroy him.
Published to rave reviews in hardcover, BRUTE is Robert Coram's masterpiece.
Editorial Reviews
The New York Times
Wall Street Journal
The Washington Times
USMCR(Ret), author of Chesty: The Story of Lieutenant General Lewis B. Puller, USM
author of I'm Staying with My Boys
Seattle Post-Intelligencer
Los Angeles Times
The story of a legendary Marine Corps commander who championed innovative tactics in World War II, Korea and Vietnam.
In this admiring biography, novelist and biographer Coram (American Patriot: The Life and Wars of Colonel Bud Day, 2007, etc.) traces the life of Lt. Gen. Victor Krulak (1913–2008), who was born the spoiled only child of a Denver watchmaker and grew up to become "a man of dazzling intellect and extraordinary vision" and "the most important officer" in Marine Corps history. Against the broader story of the modern U.S. Marines, the author shows how Krulak's tremendous drive and friendships with top officers fueled his rapid rise through the ranks; he eventually commanded all Marine Corps forces in the Pacific. He helped create the Higgins boat (its square bow became a retractable ramp), which famously carried troops onto the invasion beaches of Normandy and the Pacific in World War II; pioneered the use of helicopters in battle during the Korean War; and developed techniques for counterinsurgency warfare in Vietnam. He also successfully fought attempts to dissolve the Corps. But Krulak's ceaseless quest for recognition was "driven by a dark wind." The short, flinty officer hid secrets and told lies about himself. He never revealed that his parents were Russian Jews. Nor did he tell anyone—not even his wife and three sons—that he had been married, however briefly, at 16, a fact that would have prevented his admission to the Naval Academy. He claimed falsely that he was raised as an Episcopalian, that his father was a scientist and his great-grandfather had served in the Confederate army. Saddled with these and other lies, Krulak maintained an "icy self-control" to protect his inner self and the reality that "were it not for the Marine Corps, he would be an obscure little Jewish boy working in the family jewelry business in Denver." Coram suggests that Krulak's exemplary devotion to military duty and rectitude outweighs his duplicity.Krulak was denied the post of Marine Corps commandant after criticizing President Johnson's conduct of the Vietnam War.
A revealing—and troubling—portrait of a much-revered figure.
Product Details
- 9780316067430
- Publisher:
- Little, Brown and Company
- Publication date:
- 11/01/2011
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- 8.50(w) x 5.40(h) x 1.20(d)
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BruteThe Life of Victor Krulak, U.S. Marine
By Coram, Robert
Little, Brown and CompanyCopyright © 2010 Coram, Robert
All right reserved.
Once Upon a Time
HE was never a promising young man.
From a selfish and headstrong boy who lied, falsified documents, and was guilty of moral turpitude, he grew to become the most important officer in the history of the United States Marine Corps, a man of dazzling intellect and extraordinary vision who was at the center of or deeply involved in some of the most important issues facing America during the tumultuous middle years of the twentieth century. He became a man whose contributions to his country are almost impossible to measure.
In America we believe that a person's early years are crucial to the understanding of that person's life, and we have common, even trite, expressions to bolster that belief: "The child is father of the man," "As the twig is bent, so grows the tree," and "The apple does not fall far from the tree." In one sense, the life of Victor Harold Krulak is a stark refutation of this belief. Krulak's icy intellect, unbending will, and extraordinary self-control enabled him to turn his back on his childhood—even on some family members—and create a life far removed from his early years.
Krulak changed, hid, or denied almost everything of importance about his childhood, and for good reason. If the great secret of his childhood—a secret not known to his wife and three sons—had been revealed, he may not have been admitted to the U.S. Naval Academy. Had he not minimized another part of his youth, he either would have been driven from the Marine Corps or would have advanced no further in rank than captain or major. He became an important historical figure only because he kept a secret and because he never looked back. "My father steered by the stars, not by the wake," said one of his sons.
Krulak wrote three books, numerous magazine articles, dozens of speeches, and hundreds of letters. Yet those close to him over the years say that rarely did he make even tangential reference to his parents, his childhood, and his personal beliefs. They remember only that he was assertive and controlling and that he had a pile-driving personality—attributes that indicate an attempt to hide the inner man.
Krulak's bravery in four wars—the second Sino-Japanese War, World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War—are well documented, as are his contributions to the Marine Corps, to the U.S. military, and to America. But the glory was never enough. Krulak was driven by a dark wind and all his life was a fabulist who craved recognition, concocted stories, and added untrue events to his highly decorated career.
Many will find it difficult to sympathize with Krulak's duplicity—with the fact that even as a boy, he displayed such a marked lack of character. But the thirty-four-year arc of Krulak's military life is a model of rectitude, discipline, and duty. Nothing more demonstrates this than when, at the pinnacle of his career, when the two things he wanted most—a fourth star and to become Commandant of the Marine Corps—were within reach, he risked everything by confronting a U.S. president. For that act of great moral courage, a vengeful commander in chief would deny Krulak his dream.
The story of Victor Krulak is a quintessential American story. And like many American stories, it begins elsewhere, among the Jews of Russia.
AS America entered the twentieth century, more than two million Jews flooded its ports, made their way through the confusing and often humiliating immigration procedures, and dispersed into the marrow of this still-raw country. That first generation of Jews helped fill out and make whole their adopted country.
Many of those Jews were from Russia and had experienced the pogroms, the large-scale anti-Semitic riots ordered by Czar Alexander III. They heard that the area around Denver, a town in the state of Colorado, would welcome them. By 1900, this western town was home to some 7,000 Jews, one of the largest Jewish populations in America. The Denver Jews were educated professionals from Germany and central Europe, who were fighting to become accepted by the "Sacred 36," the families who ruled Denver's social life. They were embarrassed by the poor and uneducated Jews coming out of Russia—a rowdy, raucous, and darker-skinned Yiddish-speaking group, many of whom would become peddlers or clerks. In many ways, Russian Jews faced more discrimination from fellow Jews than they did from the Christian business community in Denver. The president of Denver's Temple Emanuel even sent a warning to Russian Jews to stay away from the city. Nevertheless, they came—8,167 by 1910.
Many of these Russian Jews were catootniks, a twist on the Yiddish word catooteh, which means "quarrel" and was a euphemism for "consumption," as tuberculosis was then called. Indigent, they came to Denver in hopes that the dry mountain air would alleviate their symptoms.
The story of Jews in the West is largely unknown, overshadowed by that of those who settled in the East and Midwest. But Jews helped build western states and were active in politics almost from the beginning. In 1876, the year Colorado became a state, a road builder and railroad man named Otto Mears—a "Hebrew," as the Denver newspapers referred to prominent Jews—carried the electoral votes to Washington that elected Rutherford B. Hayes president. Colorado's Simon Guggenheim was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1906. Idaho had a Jewish governor in 1915, Utah in 1916. By contrast, it was not until 1948 that Herbert Lehman of New York became the first Jewish U.S. senator from the East, and not until 1974 that Abraham Beame became the first Jewish mayor of New York.
ON July 24, 1889, Meyer Krulak, a Russian Jew from Boslov (Bugoslav), a town on the fertile steppes east of the Carpathian Mountains and some sixty-three miles southeast of Kiev, arrived in Philadelphia aboard the SS Pennland. Two of Krulak's brothers were already in America, Samuel in Philadelphia and Harold in Denver.
Little is known of the Krulak family in the next few years, except that Samuel and most of his family moved to Cleveland. Also, about a year after Meyer arrived, on September 17, 1890, the SS Belgenland arrived in Philadelphia carrying four of his children—Milke, thirteen; Rochel, eleven; Moschku, nine; and Jochled, seven. Upon landing in Philadelphia, Moschku (a Yiddish nickname for the Hebrew Moshe) became Morris. Though only nine years old, Morris had taken—or had been forced to take—the first step toward creating a new life.
Morris first shows up in the Denver city directory in 1908 as a jewelry store clerk; his age is given as nineteen rather than twenty-seven. He would later fill out documents describing himself as a slender man with brown eyes and black hair. The 1910 U.S. census shows him living in a boardinghouse and working as a clerk in a pawnshop. It lists his nationality as Russian and his native language as Yiddish.
It was probably through the pawnshop that Morris met Bessie Zalinsky, the daughter of Herman and Jennie Zalinsky, both Russian Jews from Brest Litovsk who had immigrated to Denver in 1888. Herman, who later changed the family name to Zall, owned a jewelry store. Bessie and Morris were married on November 27, 1910. She was sixteen.
These details, gleaned from ships' manifests, immigration records, census records, city directories, draft registrations, and other documents, are important because in a few more years Morris and Bessie would construct a fable about their origins. Their only child would elaborate on the fable, continuing even after he became a general officer in the U.S. Marine Corps.
Morris and Bessie—who would soon prefer "Bess"—were living with her parents when Morris filed a declaration of intention to become a U.S. citizen on September 28, 1911. On the application, he said that he had entered the United States through the port of New York in 1898. Given that he was only nine years old and in the company of older siblings when he actually arrived, in 1890, he should be given the benefit of the doubt in misrepresenting both the year and the place of his entry. Nevertheless, considering the smoke screen he would create over the next several decades to obscure his origins, it gives one pause.
Morris and Bess had been married a little more than two years when, on January 7, 1913, their son, Victor Harold Krulak, was born. In 1915, Victor's parents were involved in an auto accident that only bruised Morris but caused Bess severe abdominal injuries. The resulting surgery rendered her incapable of having any more children. Disconsolate, Morris and Bess showered their love and attention on Victor. They were determined that all the opportunities of America would be available to their only child.
In 1917, Morris registered for the draft. His registration form identifies him as a native of Russia. By then he and his family had moved out of the Zall house and into their own apartment. Morris, his age now listed as twenty-eight, was proprietor of his own pawnshop.
But by the fall of 1917, Morris was no longer a pawnbroker and, in fact, did not provide an occupation for the city directory. In the 1918 and 1919 city directories, his occupation is listed as watchmaker. No employer is given, so it is likely he was working for the Zall family.
In September 1919, Victor entered the first grade at Gilpin Elementary School, a block away from the Zall home. He left the school on October 24 and ten days later was enrolled at Cheyenne Central School in Cheyenne, Wyoming.
HERE we must pause to gain perspective. Morris left a relatively sophisticated city of more than 225,000 inhabitants—a city where his wife's family was prosperous and becoming well-known—to move some hundred miles north to a rough-and-ready cow town of 13,829. The Jewish population in Cheyenne was so small that the single synagogue had trouble keeping a rabbi. There would have to have been some sort of serious precipitating incident to justify Morris's withdrawing his son from school less than two months after he began the first grade and moving the family to another state, especially given that Morris was a thoughtful and deliberate man. Samuel Zall, Bess's brother, moved to Cheyenne at the same time.
These were years of rampant anti-Semitism in America. A man named Leo Frank was lynched near Atlanta. Membership in the Ku Klux Klan reached four million. Henry Ford would soon take over the Dearborn Independent, make it the second-largest paper in America, and fill it with such virulent anti-Semitic articles that it would eventually be shut down by legal action.
But national events rarely inform personal actions. Whatever Morris's reason for uprooting his family, it is almost certain it was immediate and personal. He may have wanted to start a new life in Cheyenne. He may have wanted to break away from his in-laws and go into business for himself. Surviving family members do not know. When Victor Krulak was ninety-five, he said that the sole reason his father left Denver was "to make my life a success." He would not elaborate.
THE West is the part of America that gave us our origin myth, and few places better represented that myth—the chance to create a new life—than Cheyenne, Wyoming. When the Krulaks arrived, they found a town on the make.
Cheyenne was created by the Union Pacific Railroad and was a major stop on the first transcontinental route. It would be a refueling stop for pilots flying mail from the East to San Francisco. There had once been an opera, and people boasted that the town had "culture." But steam locomotives would fade away and long-distance aircraft would mean that planes could overfly Cheyenne, and eventually the town would return to its cowboy heritage.
In 1919, Cheyenne still had more horses than cars, and horse manure dotted the main street. The town thrived on its history of cowboys and Indians and the Johnson County range war, fought between cattlemen and farmers. Tom Horn, the legendary detective-assassin, had been hanged only a few decades earlier, and people still talked of him. During Frontier Days, a weeklong celebration at the end of July, cowboys raced horses up and down the main street.
James Montgomery Flagg, the artist who created the World War I recruitment poster of Uncle Sam leaning forward and saying, "I Want You," went through Cheyenne a few years later and reported that the town was shabby and dusty and that all the citizens talked about was Frontier Days. He said local post cards featured just one subject: "a horse giving an imitation of interpretative dancing."
If Cheyenne was a town on the make, Morris Krulak was a man on the make, for himself and his son. In the 1920 census, he no longer identified himself as a Russian Jew. Instead, he now said that he had been born in Pennsylvania, and that is what he told his son. Perhaps because his "official" birthplace was now Pennsylvania, he allowed his citizenship application to lapse. He never became a U.S. citizen.
Victor knew that his parents were Jewish, but they never spoke Yiddish in their home or elsewhere. "I never heard my father use a foreign word," Krulak said. "He always spoke simple King's English." Bess Krulak, however, sprinkled her conversation with Yiddish words, and it is difficult to imagine that her son never heard his parents use the language.
Nevertheless, Morris was a secular Jew, and his desire for assimilation was so strong that Victor never received any religious instruction, never attended synagogue, and, as far as can be determined, never had a bar mitzvah. In this way, Morris paved the way for his son later to minimize his Jewish background. "It is not who you were or where you were from, but it is what you do that is important," he told Victor. "If you study and if you succeed, it will not matter what you were."
Victor later said that when he moved to Cheyenne, he began attending St. Mark's Episcopal Church, the only Episcopal church in town. He may have attended—although his three sons doubt it—but he never became a member. On his admission form for the Naval Academy, however, he wrote that he was "Jewish," showing that he still self-identified as a Jew. When he said, "I grew up Episcopalian," he was telling the story he wanted to be true.
Morris became manager of the Hub Shoe & Clothing Store, a dry goods store at 210 West Lincoln Highway, a short block from the imposing Union Pacific train station and across the street from the Atlas Hotel and the Atlas Theatre. The train station, hotel, and theater were the epicenter of Cheyenne's business, political, and social life. Senator Francis Warren, the political muscle of Wyoming, had a mansion around the corner, and when he was home, he walked the streets visiting local businesses. Cheyenne remained a small town—everyone knew everyone—and it was the seat of Senator Warren's national political power. Morris met the distinguished senator and was also on good terms with Vincent Carter, the state's sole congressman.
John (Jochled) Krulak, Morris's younger brother, who served as an enlisted man in the U.S. Army, flitted in and out of Cheyenne during these years and may have lived with Morris and Bess for a while. The Cheyenne school census of 1923 and 1924 shows Victor living with "J," which would have been his uncle John, a mystifying entry. In later years, when Victor spoke of his uncle, it would be with scorn.
A few doors down from the Hub, Bess's brother Samuel, who was three years older than Morris, worked as a jeweler. Despite what Victor would later say, the Krulaks were open about being Jewish, about Samuel being Bess's brother, and about most of their close friends being Jewish. But those people, too, were secular Jews.
Not long after moving to Cheyenne, Morris told his son, "Nobody ever learned a bad habit from a horse." He went out to nearby Fort D. A. Russell, until a few years earlier the largest Army cavalry post in America, and bought a horse for Victor. (The gentle old animal was retired and came at a good price.) Named Jim, the horse stood at sixteen hands, so tall that Victor had to climb up on a fence to mount him. He rode bareback until he was a skilled horseman, then Morris bought him a pony named Beauty, a spirited animal who threw Victor countless times. One year his Christmas present was a small western saddle. Learning to ride a horse, a common skill in Cheyenne, would later stand Krulak in great stead.
School census records in Cheyenne present strong but inconclusive evidence that Victor spent at least part of the seventh grade in Coronado, California. If he did go to California, records indicate that Morris and Bess did not. Why Victor went, whom he stayed with, and why the stay was so short are not known. All his life, Krulak talked about how important Coronado was to him in his youth, but he never disclosed precisely how he ended up there.
In 1928, when Victor was a freshman at Cheyenne High School, he became a member of the two-person debate team. The next year, he joined the Dramatic Club, the newspaper staff, and the Boys' Pep Club. In retrospect, these four activities foreshadowed crucial aspects of a career in which he would become a feared advocate with a pronounced flair for the dramatic.
As a sophomore, Victor stood a little over five feet tall and weighed about 110 pounds, a size that indicates he would have had a tough time in the cowboy culture of Cheyenne. But photographs in The Lariat, the school yearbook, show him standing, feet apart, with a self-confident, even cocky, expression on his face. Genetics had given him a small, slight body but, almost in compensation, an outsize intellect, a dominating personality, and far more self-confidence than reposes in most boys.
Victor took part in no athletics at Cheyenne High School, and surprisingly, given his career, he did not join the Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC). The latter is significant for two reasons. First, pictures of the Cheyenne High ROTC unit indicate that almost every boy at the school joined. Second, Victor was about to apply for a nomination to the U.S. Naval Academy, and the ROTC training would have been of considerable benefit to him. Perhaps he did not join ROTC because of his involvement in so many other school activities. Or perhaps it was because of a budding cerebral bent. "I was thinking about things that boys that age don't usually think about," he later said.
When Victor was a freshman in high school, Morris asked Senator Warren to nominate his son as a candidate to the U.S. Military Academy. Warren would have been happy to accommodate Morris's request, but his nominations to West Point were filled. However, landlocked Wyoming lads had little interest in the Navy, and there was an opening at the Naval Academy for the class entering the next summer. In a December 15, 1928, letter, the senator offered Victor the chance to take the entrance exams in April 1929. Victor was one of the senator's last military academy nominations, as Warren died in November 1929.
THE Naval Academy would be a pivot point in Victor Krulak's life. Thus it is important to understand why he wanted to go there and how he got there. The why is the more important question. Why would a short, scrawny boy from Wyoming want to enter the harsh physical world of the Naval Academy? Why would a boy from a Jewish family want to enter a place then infamous for its anti-Semitism and overt racism? Why would a boy with a Jewish background want to leave the relatively tolerant environs of the West and move to a part of America where hotels and restaurants bore signs saying "Christians Only" and "No Dogs or Jews"? Why would Morris want his only son to go to a service academy when Russian Jews, because of the pogroms, generally loathed the military?
The answers are complex. First, Morris Krulak did not have the money to send his son to college. Second, he knew that graduates of a U.S. military academy were afforded automatic entry into the boardrooms and drawing rooms of America. Being a military officer was a shortcut to the American dream. What better way for a Jew to show his allegiance to America than by joining the military and fighting for his country? It would be a matter of immense pride in the Jewish community back in Denver that a second-generation Jewish boy was accepted at the Naval Academy. Victor's cousin Ronnie Zall, Samuel's son, would later say, "That was a big deal. He was the hero of the family. We were all proud of him."
Victor later gave researchers various reasons for why he wanted to go to the Academy, one of which was that while he was in Coronado, the sight of warships in the bay had excited his interest in the Navy. He also said that his uncle John had awakened his interest in the military. And he had still another reason, this one probably true: "I had a friend whose father was in the military, and that influenced me." The friend was Doris Macklin, daughter of Major Walter F. Macklin, an Army physician stationed at Fort Russell. Doris was in the Dramatic Club with Victor, and she was more than a friend.
Sometimes Krulak said that his father wanted him to go to Harvard and become a lawyer, while his mother wanted him to go there and become a doctor. There may have been conversations along these lines, but given that Morris was a clerk in a clothing store, he probably couldn't afford the tuition to Harvard. In addition, Jews were far from welcome at Harvard. The truth is that had it not been for his appointment to the Naval Academy, Victor Krulak may not have received a college education. Krulak recalled, "I was the apple of my mother's and father's eye. They spoiled me." Beyond that, and noting that every Christmas his mother made little sugar cookies called kiffles for him, he had little to say about his parents. "My childhood was too boring for me to remember much about my parents," he declared. In 2007, when Krulak was shown the family genealogy going back to Russia, he was amazed—particularly that Morris had never become a U.S. citizen. "I thought my father came from Philadelphia. I must study this for several days before I can discuss it," he said.
A few days later, Krulak said more. His choice of words was revealing in that when he talked about his parents, he could not force himself to utter the words "Jew," "Jewish," or "Yiddish." "My father never talked of his spirituality. It was always about hard work. My father was a very serious man. He was very quiet about his background, about everything, almost silent. I learned from him that life is serious, that sometimes you have only one chance. My father always talked of my future."
He paused and added, "I would hope that this book not dwell on my father's spirituality, but rather his lessons of hard work."
If he and his father never discussed their religion, what of importance did they discuss?
"He told me, 'You will be short, and you will be bald. But you don't have to be fat.' "
There was but one addition: "He told me the way to get along with a new acquaintance is to express genuine interest in the day-to-day affairs of the other person."
And that is all Victor Krulak would say about his parents.
ON March 23, 1929, when he was sixteen, and only a few weeks before he was to take the entrance examinations for the Naval Academy, Victor assumed the name Donald V. Merrell and boarded a train for Boulder, Colorado. Accompanying him was Doris Macklin, age fifteen, who assumed the name Virginia D. King. The young couple went to the county clerk in Boulder, affirmed that they were twenty-one and eighteen, respectively, and obtained a marriage license. Then they went before a justice of the peace in Longmont, Colorado, and were married. Nine days later, the marriage was annulled, and Doris resumed her maiden name. (The annulment is not surprising. Because Victor and Doris had married under assumed names, the marriage was invalid. Immediately after the annulment, Major Macklin obtained an emergency transfer to Schofield Barracks in Hawaii. Three years later, he was ordered to Fort McPherson in Atlanta, where Doris met and married an Army lieutenant.) Given that the Naval Academy does not accept students who are married or who have been married, Morris Krulak was no doubt outraged that his son would jeopardize his opportunity to attend Annapolis. Everything Morris had planned for his son was now at risk.
When I asked Krulak why he married at sixteen, he threw his arms wide and said, "Goddamned if I know." The most likely explanation is that Doris was pregnant, which Krulak vigorously denied. Another explanation would be affirming the obvious: sixteen-year-old boys are devoid of sound judgment.
Applicants to the Naval Academy are expected to have judgment beyond their years, so Krulak hid this marriage when he applied to Annapolis. Legally, of course, the annulment meant that the marriage had never happened. But such an argument is sophistic, as Victor violated the spirit, if not the letter, of the Academy's regulations. In so doing, he failed to meet the standards of the Academy, whose mission is to imbue students with the highest ideals of duty and honor.
Indeed, not only did he hide the marriage from officials at Annapolis, but he also hid it from his second wife and from his three sons. About that marriage, he would say only, "It was a moment in time that went nowhere. I have not thought of her in decades. I don't see this as a significant factor in my life." He would talk no more about it, except to say, "This should not be included in the biography."
This cold dismissal of Krulak's first love is indicative of the hard-edged pragmatism and lack of emotion he would display most of his life. It was also indicative of his propensity to revise information that was not in accord with the biography he wanted.
KRULAK flunked the entrance exams to Annapolis. By then news of the marriage and annulment had no doubt made the rounds in Cheyenne. As soon as the school year ended, Morris and Bess took Victor back to Denver, where he enrolled in the summer session at Denver's East High School. He lived with the Zalls, whose home was only a few blocks from the school.
Morris now appealed to Congressman Carter to give Victor another chance at attending the Academy. He said that his son would attend a preparatory school and would do better on the next admission tests. The congressman agreed to make Victor his principal nominee for entrance in 1930, but now there was some fear that the Academy might reject Victor because of his size. Although he had grown, he was still only five feet four inches tall and weighed 116 pounds. On August 28, 1929, Carter wrote a letter to the superintendent of the Academy asking for a preliminary physical examination by Navy doctors "in order that Mr. Krulak may correct any minor physical defects, if any."
AFTER Victor spent three months at East High School, he and his mother boarded the Union Pacific and headed to Annapolis, where Victor enrolled in the Bobby Werntz Preparatory School, the sole purpose of which was to enable young men to pass the entrance exams to the Academy. Tuition for the October–May term was $125.
About the time he arrived in Annapolis, he took a physical examination at the Academy and was deemed physically acceptable. Officials there believed that he would grow during the four years of tough physical conditioning.
In his application, Victor said that he had completed twelve years of school when in fact he had completed only the tenth grade. He studied hard for the exams, and on May 23, 1930, Congressman Carter notified him that he had passed and that his appointment had been confirmed. With a grade of 4.0 being perfect and 2.5 considered passing, Victor had scored 3.4 in geometry, 3.8 in algebra, 3.6 in English, 3.7 in history, 3.9 in ancient history, and 3.9 in physics, for an average of 3.7. Carter ended his letter by saying that Victor's father knew many people in Cheyenne and he hoped the Krulaks would help in Carter's upcoming reelection campaign.
For Victor, it was not enough that he had been accepted to the Naval Academy. He later told people that his grades had placed him first among all the plebes entering Annapolis that year. The Academy, citing privacy constraints, would not confirm this. Nevertheless, a 3.7 average was more than respectable. Victor Krulak was ready, physically and academically, for the U.S. Naval Academy.
THE year that Victor entered the Academy, Morris told U.S. census takers that his parents were from England, while Bess claimed that her father had been born in Switzerland and her mother in Poland. Morris and Bess had created a new life in the American West. Their son, who would show that in family matters the apple did not fall far from the tree, would create another new life in the East. Although he had been appointed to the Academy as a resident of Wyoming, Cheyenne quickly became a footnote. He was now the man from Denver with deep roots in America. Krulak told people that his great-grandfather had served in the Confederate army, that his grandfather had moved from Louisiana to Colorado to homestead 640 acres of land, and that his father had been born in the Colorado capital. Krulak added that his father had graduated from the Colorado School of Mines and had "started off in silver" before doing "engineering work." Sometimes, even years later, he claimed that his father was "a scientist" and hinted of material success by saying, "My father had capital," and "I spent my summers on a ranch." He told one researcher that his father retired to San Diego in 1928 but lost all his money in the stock market collapse of 1929 and had to return to Denver. The baby book kept by his mother included a diploma from Coronado Elementary School in San Diego showing that Victor graduated on June 10, 1927, and a program of the 1930 Cheyenne High School graduation showing that Victor was a graduate. The provenance of the first is doubtful; the second is a fabrication.
Victor Krulak would tell his own version of his life story until the day he died. To his Jewish relatives in Denver, it was a story that caused immense pain.
Excerpted from Brute by Coram, Robert Copyright © 2010 by Coram, Robert. Excerpted by permission.
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Robert Coram was twice nominated for the Pulitzer Prize for his work as a reporter for the Atlanta Journal-Constitution. He is the author of several novels and nonfiction books, including American Patriot and Brute. He lives in Atlanta, Georgia.
Patrick Lawlor has recorded over three hundred audiobooks in just about every genre. He has been an Audie Award finalist multiple times and has garnered several AudioFile Earphones Awards, a Publishers Weekly Listen-Up Award, and many Library Journal and Kirkus starred audio reviews.
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This book was superbly written. It's amazing how much impact Krulack had on the history of the Corps. As a former Marine myself, I appreciate the efforts taken by the author (a civilian), who clearly knows his stuff. I could not put this book down.
Brute is a fair handed biography of Victor H. Krulak. He was a major figure in the American Military pantheon. He rose from working class roots to be a single step from the Commandant of the Marine Corps. This position was later achieved by his son Charles who fallowed his father's trade. He is considered to be a seminal thinker in military problems. Through the course of three wars he advocated, explored, and did much to bring about the use of landing craft, the military use of helicopters, and current thinking of counter insurgency warfare. Robert Coram traces his life from his birth in Denver through his Graduation from the U.S. Naval Academy. He moves his subject smartly through his early days as an "old china hand" to active service in WWII, Korea, and Vietnam. Krulak, himself, was the author of First to Fight: An Inside View of the U.S. Marine Corps, a work that remains on the professional reading list of the Marine Corps. He lived a full life and died at the age of 95 in 2008. The author outlines the many conflicts within the US force structure that Krulak was a participant in or an observer off. In this his opinions will differ with other writers. However, It is my feeling that a fair accounting is given. I found this to be a most enjoyable book and would recommend it to any lover of military history or biography in general.
As former Marine. I read these books penned by civilians in disgust. They tend to be anti military or worse. This book on the other hand is VERY honest. At times it glorifies Brute and at other times it shows his weakness and that he was human. The jealousy from the Army an Navy is well outlined here. The armys failure in Okinawa was very glaring. The navys coward retreat from Guadacanal is passed down from one Marine to the..We will never forget. Krulaks amazing ability to see the future and make happen was stunning ie helocopters
This little-known General (outside of Marine Corps circles) spent much of his career hovering close to the centers of US power - both Military and Civilian. He was hard, tough and saw things only one way - his. He also had remarkable insight obtained during his long Marine career. His biggest problem was he had so much common sense few in Washington political leadership roles wanted to listen to him. If they had, a lot of lives and treasure would have been saved. Not a perfect man but a great Marine. We'll never see another like him.
Well researched, fascinating character, glorifies the military and to some degree war.
General Krulak was a visionary Marine who had the who overcame perceived faults like small physical and Jewish family background. These things seemed to drive him to overachieve at all levels of his career. The Commandant who never was, displayed the moral courage to tell LBJ how things really were in Viet Nam. When LBJ threw him out of the Oval Office, "Brute" lost a sure 4th star, and what appeared to be a sure thing as Commandant. Then, as now, careerists abound in Washington DC, but there appear to be even fewer "Brutes" today. This book does appear to show us the General, warts and all, but also does a service in reminding the American people about petty inter-service and career rivalries that have often shaped American history and wasted American lives and treasure.
I enjoy the book. I could'nt put it down, that's how AWESOME it is!!!!


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Grimm season 03 - download fast -=JBTL=-
Grimm season 03.zip - download 2015
Name: Grimm season 03.zip
Release: 2015
Type: WinZip
Total Downloads: 14196
License model: Shareware
Language: English
Last updated on: 01/21/2015 04:39:13
Supported OS: Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows XP
Keys:01/21/2015 04:39:13
Grimm is an American dark fantasy crime drama television series created by Stephen Carpenter, David Greenwalt and Jim Kouf. It debuted on the National Broadcasting ...The second season of the NBC American supernatural drama series Grimm premiered on August 13, 2012 and consisted of 22 episodes. The series, created by David ...1/12/2015 · Grimm Episodes - Read the latest episode guides from Grimm Season 4 2015 from NBC, Find Cast and Listings Information and MoreWatch Grimm online at XFINITY TV. Find the latest on Grimm TV Show including full episodes, clips, and more now.Amazon.com: Grimm: Season 3: David Giuntoli, Russell Hornsby, Silas Weir Mitchell: Movies & TVWatch Grimm full episodes and online videos for Grimm Season 1 on TVGuide.comSeason 2 is the second season of Grimm. Grimm was renewed for a second season on March 16, 2012 and the season was filmed in the Portland, Oregon area.Find great deals on eBay for grimm season 1 grimm season 2. Shop with confidence.GET INFORMED. Industry information at your fingertips. GET CONNECTED. Over 200,000 Hollywood insiders. GET DISCOVERED. Enhance your IMDb Page. Go to …The following is a list of episodes of the NBC series, Grimm. Each season has 22 episodes that usually air from late October to mid May, excluding season 2 which ...
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Luci di Puglia
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Set in its garden surrounded by the countryside, B&B Le Meridiane is just 12 km from the picturesque Ostuni. It offers self-catering apartments, each with its private patio, BBQ facilities and countryside views.All apartments are decorated in a cosy rustic style and fitted with tiled floors and wooden furnishings. Each is composed of separate bedrooms, a living room, a fully equipped kitchen, and a bathroom. Accommodation is provided with a cooling fan and a flat-screen TV.Staff at the Meridiane B&B are available to book a tourist guide, and also give information about the surrounding areas.The coast, with its beautiful beaches, is a 25 km from the property. Both Cisternino and Ostuni are a 20-minute drive away.
Please let B&B Le Meridiane know your expected arrival time in advance. You can use the Special Requests box when booking or contact the property.


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Edinburgh Herald and Post
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The Edinburgh Herald & Post was a weekly Scottish freesheet that delivered to households in Edinburgh, Midlothian and Musselburgh. It consisted mainly of advertising and promotional pieces, with news items sourced from sister publication Edinburgh Evening News. It had a circulation of 138,000 and was owned by Johnston Press, which also owns The Scotsman and Edinburgh Evening News. It was delivered Thursday/Friday mostly by teenagers.[citation needed]
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copywriting articles
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Project Description
We need copywriters to write articles about movie production/animation production/CG production, etc. Fox Renderfarm is a render service provider, which means we provide render service with CG studios, FX house, and movie or animation production companies. We hope to have articles about CG industry; no matter it is about CG techniques, CG news or CG movies/animation. We have different topics every week; here are some requirements for this week assignment:
1. It is about the relationship between rendering and construction industry, or the relationship between CG industry and construction industry.
2. You can talk about how the technology of rendering functions in construction industry; or how CG techniques functions in construction industry.
3.It must be 100%original, words300-400.
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Sandrift Motel
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Everybody's Got a Cousin in Miami
... had booked a camel-back safari, so I ended up going with them on the back of my very own camel named Chewy. I then got to see the entire ranch again, including the pygmy hippos, from atop a wet camel who loved being scratched behind the ears. Afterwards I was finally able to meet with Omar, their equivalent of a zoo keeper, who takes care of the pygmy hippos (and all the other animals) and will be collecting poo samples for me. I talked to him about my project and then we ...
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Le Belle
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Shortstop Pretzels
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Selling a variety of homemade pretzels and assorted lemonades.
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Teton Point is a lifestyle clothing brand that helps BYU-Idaho students and neighboring community members to 'take their lives to new heights.' The name 'Teton Point' was chosen to help brand the valley and nearby mountain range where we live. This name and branded logo are featured on the items of clothing we sell, including, but not limited to, t-shirts, hoodies, beanies, snapback caps, and crewneck sweatshirts.
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Education policies come and go, but in one area there has long been a remarkable degree of political consensus – widening participation. Although the total proportion of the UK population going into higher education has risen over the past 30 years, your chances of going to university are still much lower if you come from a poorer background than if you come from a better-off family.
There has been no shortage of initiatives to increase the numbers of university students coming from lower socio-economic groups. The Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE) gives more than £350m a year to higher education institutions to support widening participation. And since 2004 Government has supported Aimhigher, a programme designed to raise the aspirations of young people through activities such as university taster sessions and summer schools.
When universities minister David Willetts announced last year that Aimhigher was to close in 2011, there was concern in the sector over Government's commitment to widen participation. Nevertheless Willetts said in his announcement he looked forward to much faster progress. In their subsequent grant letter to HEFCE Willetts and Vince Cable said: "Social mobility, fair access and widening participation should be a key strategic objective" and called for "a new and improved approach to outreach".
So far, so good. But with the shift towards students bearing more of the cost of their education, and university fees set to more than treble next year under the new funding regime, there are concerns that initiatives to widen participation may suffer a serious setback.
Dr Liz Marr is director of the Centre for Inclusion and Curriculum (CIC) which has responsibility for a number of widening participation initiatives at The Open University. She has little doubt that the prospect of incurring a large debt will discourage the type of student targeted by widening participation initiatives.
"There are many reasons why our education system is not giving everyone a fair chance to go to university, but among the barriers is finance: people from low socio-economic groups find it difficult to access the necessary funds, not just for fees, but other costs such as living expenses. Another barrier is perceptual – basically, people from these groups making the assumption that 'university is not for the likes of me'," she says.
Research suggests that people from low socio-economic groups are among the most debt-adverse, she adds. "If you are already debt-averse and worrying about whether university is 'for the likes of me', why would you want to incur £27,000 worth of debt for a degree?"
In theory, low earners should not be deterred by having to take out loans to pay university fees, because they won't need to pay anything back until they start earning more than £21,000 a year. But, says Dr Marr, the perceptual barrier remains. "Even though in reality they may never pay the loan back, the way it's being perceived is that being a student means being left with horrendous amounts of debt."
Higher fees are not the only thing worrying advocates of widening participation. Universities across the country are cutting back on part-time provision and access-type courses because they feel they can no longer afford them. Routes into higher education delivered by further education colleges are suffering in the same way. There is also concern that HEFCE's annual widening participation allocation is only confirmed until 2011/12.
The Open University – whose founding mission is to increase access to higher education – is currently looking for ways to try and make sure widening participation survives and, hopefully, thrives. One initiative it is likely to expand is OpenPlus, which began life in 2007 as the '2plus2' scheme to increase the numbers of physics and chemistry graduates. Students without the qualifications for a university place in these subjects can join the OU and after two years' preparatory study, transfer to one of a number of partner universities (currently there are 14 in England and Wales) to complete their degree with regular full-time study for a further two years.
The first students to graduate from OpenPlus this year have performed extremely well and feedback from their partner universities has been good, according to OpenPlus manager Sarah Brown, who believes the initiative "has more than proved the concept". At partner Lancaster University Dr Ian Saunders, who has been project officer for the scheme there since it began, agrees.
"We have been able to say to people with no qualifications, you can apply through us to The Open University, you can do certain courses and if you do well enough, you can get into one of the best physics departments in the country. We have admitted into Lancaster some very able students via OpenPlus, and we have significantly widened our variety of student backgrounds.
"The very high academic performance of almost all our OpenPlus entrants has reassured some colleagues who felt that this group would lower our average academic standards and pull us down in league tables."
OpenPlus plans to expand its range of subjects and partners, and in the longer term, according to Dr Marr, the OU could create a similar model for all subject areas. Another OU initiative called Openings – short, low-cost access courses designed to build up skills and confidence before students transfer to regular undergraduate courses – is also being used by some students without the right qualifications to access traditional university, and this is a part of the OU's role that could be expanded, says Dr Marr.
"What the OU is doing is providing opportunities not just for people to come and get a qualification with the OU, but to take other routes as well. With the different things that are currently in place to encourage widening participation now becoming less viable, I would like to see the OU doing more with other universities to further widen access."
For those lacking formal qualifications we need an alternative, recognised by the entire higher education sector, she says. "I would like us follow the example of New Zealand and develop something like their Certificate of University Preparation. This would be similar to students having done one of our Openings courses, but it would be recognised as a sector-wide solution, not just a route into the OU. It would include the skills and competencies needed for higher education, and a introduction to a particular subject, and it would also help people develop confidence in their abilities and encourage them to take that step and commit to a loan."
Unless we get widening participation right, our educational system will continue to deny poorer children a fair chance in life, says Dr Marr. "Many of the social problems we face today can be attributed to educational underachievement. Access to education is so important because it is transformative, it gives people the opportunity to change their lives."
Open Eye is the monthly bulletin of The Open University community. For OU courses information, call 0845 300 6090; or see www.open.ac.uk/coursesReuse content


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We head out to Albany, New York to get the Saab tuned by MPS Tuning. Stay tuned for more Saab videos and eurotrash stuff.
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Viggen "Dark" stretches its legs on the Superflow Dyno @ Taliaferros in Springfield, MO Full Power ~400whp 2.3L GT3071.64, T5 cams, JE pistons, Walbro 630cc, Taliaferro Full Exhaust... Maybe some cam timing next week.
viggen with Saab sport exhaust
2001 Saab Viggen with Stainless Saab Sport Exhaust.


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Ocean Village Club A1A - 2 POOLS WIFI - Best Beach
From $54 / night
|Per night:
|$79 - $129
|Per week:
|$545 - $725
|Pets allowed:
Bedrooms: 1
Bathrooms: 1
Sleeps: 4
Type: Condo
Pets allowed: No
Internet: Yes
Best beach Island location, one of Florida`s best kept secret. And just a short ride to the downtown historic St. Augustine, with all the charm of its Spanish heritage.
What makes OUR VACATION RENTAL so SPECIAL?
Ocean Village Cub is located right at the wide white sandy section of the beach, from where you have direct access via our private boardwalk.
2 Tropical Pools, Tennis, BBQ Grill Picnic Covered Area.
WIFI WLAN + PC in clubhouse. Work-Out @ our clubhouse fitness area.
We are a corner air-conditioned unit with ceiling fans and decorated in bright colored beach cottage style. A bright and spacious sun-inviting condo to accommodate 2 - 4 persons comfortably.
Free Wifi in the condo
NEW U-Verse TV with over 280 Channels.
42" Flat Screen TV + BluRay, DVD 2nd flat screen TV in the bedroom.
The FUN THINGS to do at our VACATION RENTAL:
Enjoy one of our 2 tropical pools, our tennis courts, shuffleboard courts, BBQ Picnic Area.
Nestled between the Ocean and the Intracoastal waterway, our excellent location offers the opportunity to enjoy the fascinating sunrise at the beach, and the most romantic sunset waterfront dinner at the famous "Saltwater Cowboys Restaurant".
Have your HEARD OF OUR COOLEST NEARBY ACTIVITIES?
* Learn to Fly at the airport.
* Take a Helicopter ride over St. Augustine and along the beach.
* "Zip Line" at the Alligator Farm.
* Free concerts at the Pier.
* Friday Art Walks
* Music sessions at the downtown "Barley Republic".
THE PGA PLAYERS at SAWGRASS. The World Golf Village.
Daytona Speedway. Bike Week. Biketober Week.
* Free hi-speed WLAN/WIFI internet connection in condo
* Direct access to great sandy beach via private boardwalk
* 2 large tropical pools, 1 heated
* 2 Tennis Courts
* 4 Shuffleboard Courts
* A gated fenced community - for owners and guests
* Free assigned parking
* Community Patrol
* All local phone calls free of charge
* Bed Linens + Towels + Beach Towels + Beach Chairs provided.
Set amidst the many tall-ranking palm trees in a beautiful tropical landscape, all our 1 and 2 bedroom condos are beautifully furnished and equipped with all modern amenities and comforts to include a fully accessorized kitchen with all modern appliances, and within a 2-3 minute walk through our tropical landscape to the miles of beautiful sandy beach.
We are located just 15 minutes drive south of St. Augustine Bayfront, Marina, Bridge of Lions, and the downtown historic district with all the charm of its Spanish heritage.
Anne W
Enjoy the beauty of the beach with the early morning sunrise gently making its way to the horizon, and the magnificant sunset over the famous Intra Coastal Waterway while enjoying a romantic waterfront dinner at the famous "Saltwater Cowboys", all at your doorstep.
A great location to enjoy the relaxing resort atmosphere and the great beach and visit the downtown St. Augustine bayfront, marina and the historic district of St. Augustine with all the charm of its Spanish heritage.
Take the SHUTTLE from our main gate.
AND, Its official - city of St. Augustine is one of ten prettiest in America!
Forbes magazine, one of the world's leading sources of business news and financial information, has named St Augustine as one of the "ten prettiest towns in America".
The exclusive list names the ten towns selected for Forbes by experts at National Geographic, the Travel Channel and Fodor's.
The selections were made based on natural beauty, a unique identity, or a combination of the two.
This is the third major distinction received recently by St. Augustine.
In December, National Geographic selected the city as one of the ten best places in the world to see XMAS HOLIDAY LIGHTS.
In January, TripAdvisor chose St. Augustine as one of the 15 vacation "hot spots" for 2012.
- Enjoy the sunset -Waterfront Restaurants within walking distance.
- Downtown Historic District with many cultural events,
4th of July Fireworks, Cruise`n into Summer
Nov - Jan - Xmas "Nights of Lights" - Take the Shuttle
- Free Summer Concerts at the Pier
- Friday evening Art Walk through the downtown area
- DISNEY, just 1 3/4 hr drive
- CAPE Canaveral 1 hr
- Daytona (Bike Week, Biketober Week, Speedway) 45 min.
- St. Augustine marina, bay front, downtown historic district
with all the charm of its Spanish heritage.
- Great Golf - discounted at the Shores Club for our guests
We are located right at the wide white sandy section of the beach, on Anastasia Island, St. Augustine Beach, FLORIDA.
Just 10 minutes from Flagler College, the bayfront, marina and the downtown St. Augustine Historic District, with all the charm of its Spanish heritage.
Just 5 minutes drive south of "the island fishing pier".
* Great Golf nearby
* The World Golf Village, St. Johns, Sawgrass, PGA *
* Downtown Historic District with many art galleries
* Wine Tasting at the Tasting Room + Joyful Cork
* Great restaurants
* Learn to Fly at the local Flight school
* Take an evening cruise in the bay
* Alligator Farm
* DISNEY is less than a 2-hr drive
* DAYTONA speedway
* Kennedy space ctr. Cape Canaveral
* Marineland
About the owner
Owner Profile
About:Discover as we have a haven of natural beauty and unspoiled natural dunes, miles of beautiful white sandy beach at our beachfront resort, Ocean Village Club, St. Augustine Beach, Florida where we have the pleasure of living locally for a few months of the year and have a wonderful time meeting and...
- View full profile
|Jan 01 2017
|Feb 28 2017
|1 Week
|Jun 01 2017
|Aug 17 2017
|Aug 18 2017
|Dec 21 2017
|Check In: 3 p.m. Check Out: 10 a.m.
|Deposits: CREDIT CARDS ACCEPTED 20% deposit required to guarantee the reservation. No Resort / No Amenity Fees
|Payment Options: Cashier's Check, Discover, Mastercard, Visa
|Other Fees: + ONE-TIME Cleaning + 10% Florida Sales Tax
Reviews (10)
Reviews for this vacation condo rental in Saint Augustine, Florida
Our Summer Vacation
Walter Minix
Our Summer Vacation
June 9, 2014
We really enjoyed our summer vacation in St. Augustine. Our stay at the Colony Reef Club was awesome. It was one of the best condos we have ever stayed in. It was very spacious and close to the pools and beach. I would truly recommend The Colony Reef Club condos to anyone.
Ocean access
Jim Stevenson
Markham Ontario Canada
Ocean access
March 23, 2014
We stayed for two weeks in early March and found our unit efficient, well equipped and close to very good restaurants. The Wildflower Cafe just to the south has good meals for pick up and the Seafood Kitchen across the road specializes in fresh fish such as flounder at reasonable prices. Dogs abound throughout Ocean View, as it is one of the few complexes that allow them. From our balcony, we enjoyed watching people introduce their dogs to each other like proud parents. Grounds were clean, as dog owners were conscientious. Renting bikes at the shop in the Publix plaza nearby was fun. We rode them on the flat packed sand along the shore. Jim and Jo Stevenson
Owner's reply:
Jim and Jo, Thank you so much for your comments on our Ocean Village Club, 2 Pools(1 heated) -Unit C31 - one of the PET FREE - and NON-SMOKING condos within our beachfront complex, from where you have direct access to miles of beautiful sandy beach, also a great beach to ride your bike. Thank you for the other recommendations about the local reastaurants. Another very popular one is Hurricane Wings and Oasis. And we are just about a 10-minute drive from downtown St. Augustine, Florida
I loved it!
Shereka James
fayetteville, Nc
I loved it!
November 20, 2013
When I first drove to the hotel I was very skeptical because we drove for seven hours to find the outside of the hotel was very old. When we went to the room it looked just like the pictures, very clean and on the beach. My husband and I were very pleased. We got married that weekend on the beach and couldn't have picked a better location.
Owner's reply:
Thank you for your review of our condos here at Ocean Village Club - a beachfront complex located right at the wide white sandy section of the Beach on Anastasia Island, St. Augustine, FL.
And congratulations on your wedding day here at our beach. We are so glad to hear you had a wonderful time.
We are located just about a 10-minute drive from the bayfront, marina and the downtown area of St. Augustine, the oldest city.
elzbieta kowalczyk-palka
July 18, 2013
I wanted to rent an apartment in june but no one gave me no answer and it also called a no one i'd wanted to visit this place with my family..
Great Place
Sylvia Hüttmann
Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
Great Place
May 29, 2013
We enjoyed our vacation this year in Condo SHT 113. The rooms were clean and good furnished. We hope to come back soon!!!
Best R&R
Caren Muessig
St.Louis MO
Best R&R
August 8, 2011
This was a much need vacation. My husband and I had a great time in St.Augustine. It ended too quick. Beach was nice. I will tell all my friends about here.
Wonderful stay at Ocean Village Club C31
Lorraine Tufano-Morreale
Wonderful stay at Ocean Village Club C31
July 29, 2011
Loved the place, loved the community, love St. Augustine!
Condo Review
Holly Browning
Lakeland GA
Condo Review
August 9, 2010
My family of four enjoyed our stay at Ocean Village Club. It is conveniently located near restaurants and tourist attractions. The condo was clean and family friendly!
vicky graves
Tucker, GA
July 1, 2009
I was surprised that our unit C-3 did not have an elevator, hated climbing those stairs every time we went out. Next time I will ask. Also I was told it was an ocean front, but it is a very long walk to the beach, which is lovely once you get there. Unit was very clean, but old. Could use a DVD player as no one uses VCR's anymore. We did not cook, but everything was there we needed. The water supply in the shower was unusally meager. I showered longer because there was no force. Overall we were pleased with the unit, its cleanliness and arrangement. There were plenty of towels, beach equipment and we enjoyed the many books available. We were disappointed the wi fi did not work in the condo...
October 15, 2008
I Stayed On St. George Island And It Is The Perfect Spot. Will Go There 2 A Yr. From Now On. Stayed Right On The Beach, Beautiful House, All Private And The Price Was Great. We Rented The Whole House For 7 Days For 500.00. We Fell In Love With The Whole Experience...people, Food, Activities,and The Beach Was The Best!! I Am Telling All My Friends And Family About This Little Piece Of Heaven Here On Earth.
13 Reviews
10 Reviews
21 Reviews
39 Reviews
5 Reviews
5 Reviews
53 Reviews
18 Reviews


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|Message view
|« Date » · « Thread »
|« Date » · « Thread »
|Aaron Mulder <ammul...@alumni.princeton.edu>
|Create a security committee?
|Sat, 19 Nov 2005 04:19:20 GMT
All, I'd really like to have a group of interested and available people to review security-related changes to Geronimo. And by this I mean, features dealing with SSL, security realms, storing files with passwords, showing passwords in the console, establishing procedures for "locking down the server", reviewing vulnerability reports, etc. I don't really mean nitty gritty details of JACC or conducting a comprehensive security audit of the entire codebase. What would people think of that, and are there any volunteers? I should also note that I expect some vulnerabilities to be reported to the PMC rather than to the public list, but I think a lot can be done outside the PMC as well (or maybe I should exclude reviewing vulnerability reports from what I'm talking about, I don't know if there's a policy there). Thanks, Aaron
|View raw message


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Pu-lao Hot Spring Hotel
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Pu-lao Hot Spring Hotel Hotel Reviews
Based on reviews from across the web.
Pu-lao Hot Spring Hotel Hotel Details
Check-in: 15:00
Check-out: 11:00
The hotel is located in Kaohsiung County and is famous for its historic hot spring. It is the first hot spring resort in Kaohsiung. The hotel is about 2 hours drive to Kaohsiung Train Station and 1.5 hours drive to Kaohsiung International Airport. The hotel offers free wireless Internet access in the lobby. Each room offers satellite TV tea/coffee making facilities and river view. The bathroom comes with hot spring water. The hotel also provides hot spring spa meeting facilities and 24 hours room service. Tour arrangement and convenient store are also available. The restaurant offers Chinese cuisine.


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Division Four of the Second Appellate District of the California Court of Appeal recently ruled that product manufacturers could be held liable for injuries to a customer's employee allegedly caused by their raw materials. In Ramos v. Brenntag Specialties, Inc., Cal.Ct.App.4th Div., No. B248038, the court made a distinction that the "component parts doctrine" does not shield product manufacturers from liability when the defendant's raw materials were used as intended. Just two years ago, in Maxton v. Western States Metals, 203 Cal.App.4th 81 (2012), Division Three of the same District Court of Appeal held that a defendant who simply supplies raw materials for use in its customer's manufacturing processes may not be sued by the customer's employee for injuries allegedly sustained as a result of exposure to the defendant's raw materials during the manufacturing process. This split of authority potentially weakens the component parts doctrine.
The underlying facts of Ramos and Maxton are fairly similar, amplifying the resulting conflict of authority on the component parts doctrine. Both the plaintiffs, Flavio Ramos and John Maxton, allegedly suffered from interstitial pulmonary fibrosis as a result of their respective employment. Ramos worked as a mold maker, machine operator and laborer for Supreme Casting & Pattern, Inc. Ramos was allegedly exposed to dust from the defendants' raw materials, such as marble, sand, limestone, plaster and metal, when the materials were used in the process of molding and casting metal parts. Ramos was also allegedly exposed to fumes from molten metal. Similarly, Maxton alleged that he was exposed to fumes and metallic dusts from the "melting, cutting, grinding, polishing, sanding, sandblasting, machining and soldering" of the defendants' stainless steel bars and other raw materials he worked with as a laborer for LeFiell Manufacturing.
The defendants in both Ramos and Maxton filed demurrers to the respective complaints based on the component parts doctrine. In Maxton, the trial court sustained the demurrers and the appellate court affirmed, holding that "[i]mposing liability on suppliers of product components would force them to scrutinize the buyer-manufacturer's manufacturing process and end products in order to reduce their exposure to lawsuits." The panel further ruled that "[t]his would require many suppliers to retain experts in a huge variety of areas, especially if the product components are versatile raw materials. Courts generally do not impose this onerous burden on suppliers of product components because the buyer-manufacturers are in a better position to guarantee the safety of the manufacturing process and the end product." Maxton, 203 Cal.App.4th at 89.
While the trial court sustained the defendants' demurrers under Maxton in Ramos, the appellate court disagreed with the Maxton interpretation of the component parts doctrine. In a departure from the court's ruling in Maxton, which predominantly relied on portions of the Restatement Third of Torts: Products Liability § 5 and on Artiglio v. General Electric Co., 61 Cal.App.4th 830 (1998), the Ramos court cited to cases that declined to apply the component parts doctrine, including a number of cases from other jurisdictions, such as Texas, Ohio, New York, New Jersey, Louisiana, Pennsylvania, and the Fourth and Sixth Circuit Courts of Appeals.
Distinguishing the Ramos complaint as alleging a direct injury from the intended use of the defendants' products as opposed to "any finished product, manufacturing system into which the products were integrated, or apparatus built to the employer's specifications," the panel held that "the component parts doctrine does not shield a product supplier from liability when a party alleges that he suffered direct injury from using the supplier's product as the supplier specifically intended."
The Ramos decision is a stark departure from the holding of Maxton and results in a palpable conflict of authority between the two divisions of the same district of the Court of Appeal on the "components parts doctrine." It remains to be seen what the lasting impact of this split of authority will be. Ultimately, the California Supreme Court will likely have to weigh in to resolve the conflict and clarify the extent to which product manufacturers can successfully assert the component parts doctrine as a defense to liability.
DISCLAIMER: Because of the generality of this update, the information provided herein may not be applicable in all situations and should not be acted upon without specific legal advice based on particular situations.
© Sedgwick LLP
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Corn Heads
Maximize Your Profit Potential with Calmer's Custom-Built Corn Heads!
Advantages of a Calmer Corn Head
- Faster harvesting speeds
- Superior stalk chop
- Less butt shelling
- Less moving parts
- Less weight
- Lower maintenance requirements
- Less trash intake in both standing and down corn
- Increased gathering chain life
- Warmer soils
- Drier soils
- Less horsepower requirements
- Less grain loss
- Less fuel needed
- More bushels per acre harvested per day
Standard Features
- 12", 15", 20", 22" and 30" row spacing
- Factory paint to match your combine
- Any color poly deck covers, dividers and wear points to match your combine
- Calmer BT Chopper® Stalk Rolls
- Calmer Multi-Zone Beveled Stripper Plates for unrivaled husking and leaf ejection
- Stainless steel back wall, tray, and auger stripper
- Single or dual chain design
- Calmer's patented 6-Tooth trash reducing drive sprockets for superior stalk ejection
- Outer row strippers offset ¼-inch for reducing ear loss over the end divider
- Calmer realignment package for ear toss reduction and maximum horizontal flow rates
- Cross auger with 18-inch diameter and 26-inch pitch
- Cross auger adjusted with 1 ¾-inch clearance for reduced ear slicing and cracked kernels
- John Deere gathering chain tighteners
- High-performance gathering chain with tall 2.25" x 2.5" nylon paddles
- Oil bath with 80H heavy chain and 1 ¼-inch heavy duty driveline
- Telescoping PTO shafts
- Flashers
- Automatic header height control
- One year parts/labor warranty
Additional Options
- Hydraulic stripper plates
- Stubble lights
- Field tracker/Contour Master™
- Row Sense (Auto Guidance)
Call us today at (309) 629-9000 to get a quote on building a new Calmer Corn Head or click here to see our inventory of certified reconditioned Calmer Corn Heads for purchase or rental!
Calmer Corn Heads – Superior by Design
By design, Calmer Corn Heads help maximize your profit potential by enabling you to harvest faster and more effectively than ever before! Here's how:
Our patented single chain design in combination with our low profile, super short poly hoods and dividers result in one of the lightest row units in the industry.
Multi-zone Combo Stripper Plates
The unique design of our stripper plates helps reduce ear wedging and allows our patented BT Chopper® stalk rolls to engage more corn leaves, shanks and husks in order to reduce trash intake and minimize horsepower requirements. Our stripper plates' elongated design allows for more efficient harvesting of low hanging ears in down corn.
Calmer's Patented BT Chopper® Stalk Rolls
Calmer's patented BT Chopper® Replacement Stalk Rolls chop, cut and shear cornstalks into confetti-like residue for truly unrivaled residue management capabilities.
High-Profile Shorter Snouts
Among the shortest on the market, our high-profile snouts make it easy to maneuver through narrow rows and around tight contoured areas.
Strategically Realigned
Calmer Corn Heads are realigned to allow superior material flow from the tray to the feeder house, reducing ear toss and allowing for maximum flow in high yielding and high-speed harvest conditions.
6-Tooth Drive Sprocket
The Calmer® 6-Tooth Drive Sprockets slow down gathering chains by 25%, reducing trash intake by as much as 60%.
Single Chain Design w/Polyethylene Ear Guide
Calmer's UHMW (Ultra High Molecular Weight) polyethylene ear guide forms a retaining wall to maintain engagement of the ears with the enlarged hardened steel gathering chain paddles. By utilizing Calmer's single chain system, the second chain, chain guide, drive sprocket, drive shaft, idler block, idler sprocket and chain tension spring are eliminated, significantly reducing weight and maintenance.
Helpful Documents
- Marion's Combine Settings for a Better Soybean Harvest
- Marion's Combine Settings for a Better Corn Harvest
Relevant Videos
Calmer BT Chopper Demonstrates How Residue Is Evenly Distributed
Farm Equipment Video w/ Marion Calmer About 12 Inch Rows
Machinery Pete Video w/ Marion Calmer About 30 Row 12 Inch Corn Head
Calmer stainless steel 24-row, 15-inch corn head for CNH combines
Calmer stainless steel 18-row, 20-inch corn for Case IH combines
Calmer stainless steel 12-row, 30-inch corn head for John Deere combines
Stainless steel back walls, trays and auger strippers are standard features on all Calmer Corn Heads
All Calmer Corn Heads come equipped with our patented BT Chopper® Stalk Rolls and Deluxe Residue Management Upgrade Kit


text:
Piping Valve Flange Pipe Fitting Landee
Strainers, Stainless Steel Pipes
Y-Strainers with Stainless Steel Mesh Screen Key Specifications / Features
Y Strainer Size: 1/2 to 12 inches
Nominal pressure: PN1.0/1.6mPa
Face to face dimension: ANSI B16.1, DIN3202-F1, and BS2080
Flange drilled is according to ANSI B16.1, ANSI B16.5, DIN 2501, and BS4504
Test standard: API 598
Body and bonnet: cast iron and ductile iron
Disc: cast iron, ductile iron, and rubber water, steam, and oil as suitable medium
Mesh Screen: stainless steel
Bolt and nut: carbon steel with zinc plated
Standard: ANSI, DIN3202-F1, and BS2080
Print this page
Pipe Fitting Type: Union. Material: ASTM A105. Class Rating: 3000#. Size: 2". Ends: NPT. Standard: MSS-SP-83.
Type: Pipe Union. Material: ASTM A182 F316. Class Rating: 3000#. Size: 1/4". Ends: NPT. Standard: MSS-SP-83.
Hexagon Nipple NPT 3000# 0.25inch x 0.5inch A105 Type: Hex. Nipple. Material: ASTM A105. Ends: NPT. Class: 3000#. Size: 0.25
A182 GR F51 (UNS S31803) HEX HEAD PLUG MNPT. Type: ASTM A182 GR F51 (UNS S31803) HEX HEAD PLUG. Material:
A790 GR S31803 Pipe Nipple. NIPPLE, PIPE, 3/4IN X 3IN LG, SCH 160, PBE, A790, GR S31803. Type: A790 GR
Type: Pipe Nipple. Material: A333 GR. 6 LTCS (Low Temperature Carbon Steel). Surface finished: Black. Ends: PE (Plain Ends). Standard:
Type: Swage Nipple, Concentric. Material: ASTM A105, Carbon Steel. Surface finished: Black. Ends: TBE (Thread Both Ends). Standard: MSS-SP-95. Thickness:
Type: 90 Degree Seamless Elbow LR. Material: ASTM A234 WP11. Schedule: SCH 100. Size: 12". Ends: BW. Standard: ANSI B16.9.
Type: 90 Deg Seamless Elbow, LR. Material: ASTM A234 WP9. Schedule: SCH. 80. Size: 6". Ends: BW (Butt Welded). Standard:
ASTM A234 GR. WP5 180 degree seamless elbow, SR, with butt welded ends. Material: ASTM A234 GR. WP5. Type: Seamless.
Type: 90 degree Pipe elbow, LR. Material: ASTM A234 WPB. Standard : ANSI B 16.9. Ends: Butt Welded (Bevelled Ends).
ANSI B16.49 3D hot induction seamless bends Type: 90 Degree, pipe bend. Radius: 3D ( 1677 MM ). Material: ASTM
ASTM A312 TP304, Stainless steel, seamless. Size: 8 inch x sch 10s x 5.8 m. Material: ASTM A312 TP304.
A312 TP316, Stainless steel, seamless. Size: 6" x sch STD x 5.8m. Material: ASTM A312 TP316.
Alloy steel,stainless steel U tube for heat exchanger, evaporater, condenser, cooler, boiler, muffler. Type: Heat Exchanged Stainless Alloy Steel Tube.
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Klean Kanteen
Vacuum Insulated Growler 32oz$49.99 USD MSRP SHOWING: RED
Product Information
The Klean Kanteen Vacuum Insulated Growler makes keeping beer, kombucha, or cold-brew coffee at their original, tap-fresh temperature and carbonation for hours on end easy. Klean growlers are designed with high performance double-wall vacuum insulation and a 100% stainless, 18/8 food grade interior. As always, the Swing Lok Cap is removable, all stainless steel, and threadless for a tight seal and leak resistance.


text:
January/February 2017 Issue
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An Old English term for a cutting tool such as a knife or an athame.


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by Bert Rosenthal, Published May. 31, 2013
The American running legend will run Sunday's half-marathon in southern California.
by Duncan Larkin, Published May. 29, 2012, Updated May. 29, 2012 at 12:07 PM UTC
Mamitu Daska won the women's division.
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|Government & Organizations
Keep up with all of President Obama's remarks, town halls, and press conferences in this comprehensive podcast. This feed will occasionally include remarks from other principals like Vice President Biden and First Lady Michelle Obama.
April 8th, 2015
Episode 215 of 675 episodes
President Obama delivered remarks at Howard University on the impact of climate change on our public health.
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Welcome to the daily audio workout for your head.


text: Microsoft Buys Swiftkey, Will Integrate Predictive Tech Into Its KeyboardsEric Ravenscraft2/03/16 6:15amFiled to: typingmicrosoftswiftkeynewsupdates262EditPromoteShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalinkToday, Microsoft and SwiftKey made a joint announcement that the latter would be joining the former. Microsoft has acquired Swiftkey and will be implementing the company's predictive technology into its products over the coming months. Advertisement Microsoft says it wants to integrate SwiftKey into its Word Flow keyboard, which you might recognize as being Swype-like. Although this is a feature that most software keyboards have these days, SwiftKey's has been touting its neural network engine (as demonstrated in the video above) that they hope will predict whole messages, based on how it observes your writing style. In the meantime, SwiftKey says that its Android and iOS apps will continue to be available on their respective app stores for free.SwiftKey is joining Microsoft | SwiftKeyReply26 repliesLeave a reply