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Lung Cancer
Lung cancer is one of the most common types of cancer. The lungs are a pair of cone-shaped organs situated inside the chest, they bring oxygen into the body and take out waste carbon dioxide. There is a strong link between smoking and lung cancer. There are two main categories of lung cancer; Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) , and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). World-wide over 1 million people are diagnosed with lung cancer each year.
Information for Health Professionals / Researchers
Latest Research Publications
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Small Cell Lung Cancer
Risk Factors and Prevention of Lung Cancer
Information Patients and the Public (19 links)
Established in 2001, the GLCC comprises 28 non-government patient organisations from around the world. It aims include increasing awareness and destigmatising the disease amongst patients, the medical community, policy makers, the general public and the media, by delivering highest quality information and programmes through its member groups,
Cancer Research UK
CancerHelp information is examined by both expert and lay reviewers. Content is reviewed every 12 to 18 months. Further info.
Content is peer reviewed and Cancer.Net has an Editorial Board of experts and advocates. Content is reviewed annually or as needed. Further info.
Macmillan Cancer Support
Content is developed by a team of information development nurses and content editors, and reviewed by health professionals. Further info.
NHS Choices
NHS Choices information is quality assured by experts and content is reviewed at least every 2 years. Further info.
National Cancer Institute
PDQ summaries are written and frequently updated by editorial boards of experts Further info.
Information about methods of cancer detection including new imaging technologies, tumor markers, and biopsy procedures.
What You Need To Know About Lung Cancer
National Cancer Institute
Detailed booklet covering the lungs, types of lung cancer, tests, staging, treatment, nutrition, sources of support and other topics.
Founded in 1904, this national organisation aims to improve lung health and prevent lung disease through Education, Advocacy and Research.
An independently incorporated, international, educational and scientific society, founded in 1905, with a focus on respiratory and critical care medicine. There is a detailed public site with detailed information and also a members area.
Biological therapy for lung cancer
Cancer Research UK
Includes details of a number of biological therapies, for example Erlotinib, which is locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC which is EGFR positive.
Founded in 2002 to increase awareness about lung cancer, support patients living with lung cancer and the individuals who care for them and provide educational resources to lung cancer patients, their family members and health care professional.
Association for International Cancer Research
Lung Cancer Foundation of America
Founded in 2002 LCFA aims to improve the survival rate of lung cancer by raising money from the private sector and channeling those funds to lung cancer researchers, so that researchers find effective ways to predict, detect, and treat lung cancer.
Cancer Research UK
Statistics for the UK, including incidence, mortality, survival, risk factors and stats related to treatment and symptom relief.
Covers the lungs, risks, symptoms, staging, treatments and other topics.
Email discussion and support list
National Lung Cancer Partnership
Founded in 2001 NLCP is an advocacy organization founded by doctors and researchers working together with survivors and advocates to increase lung cancer awareness and research funding.
Roy Castle Lung Cancer Foundation
A national charity dedicated to lung cancer, raising money for research, prevention, advocacy, and supporting people living with lung cancer.
Spot lung cancer early
Cancer Research UK
Dr Chris Steele describes the signs and symptoms of lung cancer. (2012)
Information for Health Professionals / Researchers (17 links)
- PubMed search for publications about Lung Cancer - Limit search to: [Reviews]
PubMed Central search for free-access publications about Lung Cancer
MeSH term: Lung Neoplasms
US National Library of Medicine
PubMed has over 22 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Constantly updated.
Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment
National Cancer Institute
PDQ summaries are written and frequently updated by editorial boards of experts Further info.
National Cancer Institute
PDQ summaries are written and frequently updated by editorial boards of experts Further info.
Information about methods of cancer detection including new imaging technologies, tumor markers, and biopsy procedures.
Patient UK
PatientUK content is peer reviewed. Content is reviewed by a team led by a Clinical Editor to reflect new or updated guidance and publications. Further info.
NHS Evidence
Regularly updated and reviewed. Further info.
Association for the Study of Lung Cancer
Founded in 1974, the association's membership includes more than 3,500 lung cancer specialists in 80 countries.
Australasian Lung Cancer Trials Group
ALTG is a multi-disciplinary organization dedicated to reducing the incidence, morbidity and mortality of lung and other thoracic cancers and improving the quality of life of these patients, carers and families in Australia and New Zealand through the coordination and facilitation of high quality clinical research.
Improving Lung Cancer Outcomes Project - ILCOP
Royal College of Physicians
Since 2010 this project joins up healthcare teams including doctors and nurses from different NHS Trusts to share best practice in diagnosing, treating and supporting patients with lung cancer, and to look for the underlying differences in rates of lung cancer survival at different Trusts.
International Thoracic Oncology Nursing Forum
An international organisation for those who are directly caring for people with lung cancer or mesothelioma in a nursing role.
Oncolex - Oslo University Hospital (Norway) and MD Andersen (USA)
Detailed reference article covering etiology, histology, staging, metastatic patterns, symptoms, differential diagnoses, prognosis, treatment and follow-up.
Cancer Research UK
Statistics for the UK, including incidence, mortality, survival, risk factors and stats related to treatment and symptom relief.
National Familial Lung Cancer Registry
Johns Hopkins Medical Institute
The Registry was established at The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions in September 1993. Over 270 lung cancer families are registered to date. So far, research with these families includes studies of DNA repair capacity and genetic markers and their relationship to environmental factors.
SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Lung and Bronchus
SEER, National Cancer Institute
Overview and specific fact sheets on incidence and mortality, survival and stage, lifetime risk, and prevalence.
Translational lung cancer research
An Open Access journal of the Society for Translational Cancer Research
Türk Akciğer Kanseri Derneği | Turkish Lung Cancer Society - Türkçe - English
TAKD is a professional association for lung cancer and tobacco control established in 2003. The society represents multidisciplinary approach in the lung cancer care policy and education.
九州肺癌研究機構 | Lung Oncology Group in Kyushu - 日本語 - Translate to English
A clinical research group founded in 2004, now with 89 collaborating institutions, running clinical trials in lung cancer.
日本肺癌学会 | Japan Lung Cancer Society - 日本語 - English
A non-profit organisation founded in 1960, promoting research on lung cancer and and helping to diffuse knowledge and understanding of the disease among society.
Latest Research Publications
This list of publications is regularly updated (Source: PubMed).
Synthesis and Characterization of Inhalable Flavonoid Nanoparticle for Lung Cancer Cell Targeting.
J Biomed Nanotechnol. 2016; 12(2):371-86 [PubMed] Related Publications
Prognostic significance of overexpressed matrix metalloproteinase-2, mouse-double minute: 2 homolog and epidermal growth factor receptor in non-small cell lung cancer.
J BUON. 2016 Mar-Apr; 21(2):341-8 [PubMed] Related Publications
METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study conducted from 2003 to 2008 among 184 NSCLC patients who underwent tumor resection. Each patient's clinical history and tumor characteristics were obtained from histopathology reports and medical records. EGFR, MDM2 and MMP2 expression were assessed by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of the tissue specimens.
RESULTS: MDM2 overexpression was observed in 70 (38%) of the patients studied, and was significantly higher in younger patients (p=0.01). Only 46 (25%) of patients had overexpression of MMP2. EGFR positive staining occurred in 105 (57%percnt;) of the evaluated tumor specimens and was more frequent in specimens with squamous cell carcinoma (p<0.001), the elderly (p<0.001), and in smokers (p<0.001). Independent risk factors for mortality were older age (adjusted odds ratio/aOR 1.3=), being a smoker (aOR 10), having stage II disease (aOR 10.8) or stage III/IV disease (aOR 28.3), expression of EGFR (aOR 5.9) and MMP2 (aOR 4.1). However, the expression of MDM2 independently predicted a reduced risk of death (aOR 0.3).
CONCLUSION: Overexpression of MMP2 and EGFR were independent risk factors for mortality in NSCLC patients, while overexpression of MDM2 independently predicted a reduced risk of death.
Comparison of the efficacy of radiotherapy between postoperative mediastinal lymph node recurrence and stage III disease in non-small cell lung cancer patients.
J BUON. 2016 Mar-Apr; 21(2):333-40 [PubMed] Related Publications
METHODS: Patient characteristics, treatment response and survival were compared between NSCLC patients with mediastinal lymph node metastases treated between 2002-2009 by radiotherapy alone or by chemoradiotherapy (group A, N=33) and those with primary stage III disease (group B, N = 157).
RESULTS: Men accounted for 60.6% of group A and 78.9% of group B (p=0.04 patients). ECOG performance status 0 was detected in 78.7% of group A and 57.3% of group B (p=0.02). The response rates in groups A and B were 66.6 and 72.3%, respectively (p=0.64). Progression-free survival (PFS) was similar between groups A and B (median 15.0 vs 11.0 months; hazard ratio [HR] 0.78; 95% CI 0.51-1.20; p=0.26). However, overall survival (OS) was better in group A than in group B (median 67.0 vs 39.0 months; HR 0.56; 95% CI 0.29-0.97; p=0.03). Postoperative PFS (median 12.5 vs 19.0 months; HR 1.50; 95% CI 0.64-3.49; p=0.34) and OS (median, 67.0 vs 60.0 months; HR 1.22; 95% CI 0.36-4.14; p=0.74) were similar between the group A treatments (radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Postoperative mediastinal lymph node recurrent NSCLC demonstrated distinctive features including better OS compared to patients with primary stage III disease, despite similar response rates and PFS.
A randomized study comparing the effectiveness of microwave ablation radioimmunotherapy and postoperative adjuvant chemoradiation in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.
J BUON. 2016 Mar-Apr; 21(2):326-32 [PubMed] Related Publications
METHODS: Ninety-six patients with stage II and IIIa NSCLC were randomized into two groups. Group A included 49 patients who were treated with chemotherapy with docetaxel and cisplatin and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy 3-4 weeks after surgery. Group B included 47 patients treated with 131I-chTNT and PMCT sequentially, with follow-up chemotherapy.
RESULTS: The survival rates of patients in group A for the first and second years were 79.59% and 48.98%, respectively. The median survival was 23.0 months. Survival rates at 1 and 2 years for group B were 82.98% and 53.19%, respectively and the median survival was 29.1 months. The survival rate of group B patients for the first and second years was better compared with group A, and the difference in median survival between the groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). However, median survival and the incidence of adverse events were not significantly different between the two groups.
CONCLUSIONS: 131I-chTNT radioimmunotherapy with PMCT has a complementary effect in NSCLC, which can effectively improve therapeutic ratio and survival of patients effectively and has the same effect as that of post-operative adjuvant chemoradiation.
MiR-31 Functions as a Tumor Suppressor in Lung Adenocarcinoma Mainly by Targeting HuR.
Clin Lab. 2016; 62(4):711-8 [PubMed] Related Publications
METHODS: The levels of miR-31 and HuR in lung carcinoma cells and lung cancer tissues were explored using RT-qPCR and western blot, respectively. Luciferase reporter assay was used to determine the target gene of miR-31. Cell apoptosis and migration were studied using flow cytometry and the transwell invasion assay. The down-stream genes of HuR were explored with western blot assay.
RESULTS: miR-31 was decreased in lung carcinoma cells and lung cancer tissues, while the protein level of HuR was increased. HuR was the target gene of miR-31. Inhibition of miR-31 and overexpression of HuR resulted in the upregulation of cyclins A2, B1, D1 and VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor). Furthermore, overexpression of miR-31 prompted lung cancer cell apoptosis and inhibited cell migration.
CONCLUSIONS: Reduction of miR-31 expression enhanced lung cancer proliferation and migration by repressing HuR expression.
Comparison of Next-Generation Sequencing, Quantitative PCR, and Sanger Sequencing for Mutation Profiling of EGFR, KRAS, PIK3CA and BRAF in Clinical Lung Tumors.
Clin Lab. 2016; 62(4):689-96 [PubMed] Related Publications
METHODS: A total of 138 FFPE samples of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were examined in parallel with assays developed on the next-generation sequencing (NGS), quantitative PCR (QPCR), and Sanger sequencing (Sanger) platforms for somatic mutations in EGFR, KRAS, PIK3CA, and BRAF. The assays with the three platforms were compared and analyzed.
RESULTS: Compared with Sanger, NGS and QPCR assays have significant higher sensitivity, as Sanger failed to detect variants with mutation rates lower than 15%. Meanwhile, NGS and QPCR assays showed similar analytical sensitivity, specificity, and high concordance. In addition, the NGS assay exhibited advantages over QPCR in providing accurate information of allele sequence and mutation frequency, and detecting non-hotspot mutations.
CONCLUSIONS: We reported the validation of NextDaySeq-Lung panel for mutation analysis in the clinical samples of lung cancer. The NGS assay has significant technical advantages over Sanger and QPCR assays. It shows good potential as a solid molecular diagnostics assay in the clinical setting.
The combination use of 1-O-acetylbritannilactone (ABL) and gemcitabine inhibits cell growth and induces cell apoptosis in lung adenocarcinoma cells.
Pharmazie. 2016; 71(4):213-7 [PubMed] Related Publications
Development and Validation of Risk Models to Select Ever-Smokers for CT Lung Cancer Screening.
JAMA. 2016; 315(21):2300-11 [PubMed] Free Access to Full Article Related Publications
OBJECTIVE: Comparison of modeled outcomes from risk-based CT lung-screening strategies vs USPSTF recommendations.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Empirical risk models for lung cancer incidence and death in the absence of CT screening using data on ever-smokers from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO; 1993-2009) control group. Covariates included age; education; sex; race; smoking intensity, duration, and quit-years; body mass index; family history of lung cancer; and self-reported emphysema. Model validation in the chest radiography groups of the PLCO and the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST; 2002-2009), with additional validation of the death model in the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS; 1997-2001), a representative sample of the United States. Models were applied to US ever-smokers aged 50 to 80 years (NHIS 2010-2012) to estimate outcomes of risk-based selection for CT lung screening, assuming screening for all ever-smokers, yield the percent changes in lung cancer detection and death observed in the NLST.
EXPOSURES: Annual CT lung screening for 3 years beginning at age 50 years.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: For model validity: calibration (number of model-predicted cases divided by number of observed cases [estimated/observed]) and discrimination (area under curve [AUC]). For modeled screening outcomes: estimated number of screen-avertable lung cancer deaths and estimated screening effectiveness (number needed to screen [NNS] to prevent 1 lung cancer death).
RESULTS: Lung cancer incidence and death risk models were well calibrated in PLCO and NLST. The lung cancer death model calibrated and discriminated well for US ever-smokers aged 50 to 80 years (NHIS 1997-2001: estimated/observed = 0.94 [95%CI, 0.84-1.05]; AUC, 0.78 [95%CI, 0.76-0.80]). Under USPSTF recommendations, the models estimated 9.0 million US ever-smokers would qualify for lung cancer screening and 46,488 (95% CI, 43,924-49,053) lung cancer deaths were estimated as screen-avertable over 5 years (estimated NNS, 194 [95% CI, 187-201]). In contrast, risk-based selection screening of the same number of ever-smokers (9.0 million) at highest 5-year lung cancer risk (≥1.9%) was estimated to avert 20% more deaths (55,717 [95% CI, 53,033-58,400]) and was estimated to reduce the estimated NNS by 17% (NNS, 162 [95% CI, 157-166]).
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Among a cohort of US ever-smokers aged 50 to 80 years, application of a risk-based model for CT screening for lung cancer compared with a model based on USPSTF recommendations was estimated to be associated with a greater number of lung cancer deaths prevented over 5 years, along with a lower NNS to prevent 1 lung cancer death.
Lung Cancer Care Before and After Medicare Eligibility.
Inquiry. 2016; 53 [PubMed] Related Publications
Adenocarcinoma of Lung Presenting as Interstitial Lung Disease.
Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci. 2015 Oct-Dec; 57(4):239-41 [PubMed] Related Publications
Pulmonary Tumourlets: Case Report and Review of Literature.
Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci. 2015 Oct-Dec; 57(4):235-8 [PubMed] Related Publications
Dual Specificity Phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) Polymorphism Predicts Prognosis of Inoperable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer after Chemoradiotherapy.
Clin Lab. 2016; 62(3):301-10 [PubMed] Related Publications
METHODS: This study included 152 surgically resected NSCLC patients and 277 chemoradiotherapy treated inoperable cases. DNA samples from each patient were genotyped for DUSP6 and TOP2A SNPs. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazard model were used to evaluate the association between these variants and NSCLC overall survival.
RESULTS: DUSP6 rs2279574 A/A genotype was associated with significantly poor inoperable NSCLC patient overall survival (A/A vs. C/C, adjusted HR = 1.549, 95% CI = 1.019-2.355). Stratification analysis against clinical stage, histology, weight loss, and ECOG performance status revealed that the DUSP6 rs2279574 A/A variant homozygous genotype is associated with a decrease in survival of stage IV NSCLC patients compared to those with the C/C genotype (log-rank, p = 0.003). No association was found among histology, weight loss, and ECOG performance status. Moreover, there was no association of TOP2A SNPs between clinicopathological and survival data.
CONCLUSIONS: Data obtained from the current study demonstrated that functional DUSP6 rs2279574 polymorphism was able to predict inoperable NSCLC patient survival after chemoradiotherapy.
A Preliminary Study on RCN3 Protein Expression in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.
Clin Lab. 2016; 62(3):293-300 [PubMed] Related Publications
METHODS: In this study a total of 41 paired NSCLC specimens (cancer group) and the adjacent normal tissues (control group) were obtained from patients undergoing lung lobectomy or pneumonectomy surgeries in Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University. The RCN3 mRNA and protein level in each clinical sample was determined using quantitative real time-PCR and immunoblotting, respectively. Immunohistochemistry analysis was utilized to compare the protein expressional patterns of RCN3 between the two clinical sample groups.
RESULTS: Immunoblotting showed that levels of RCN3 protein in the NSCLC tissues were significantly lower than those in the control group (p < 0.001), suggesting ER stress is closely associated with the cancer cells. Accordingly, the ER stress protein GRP78 (glucose-regulated protein 78, also known as BIP) was remarkably upregulated in the cancer group (p < 0.05). Within the cancer group, a significant difference in RCN3 protein expression was observed in squamous cell carcinoma versus adenocarcinoma (p < 0.05). In the lung cancer group, however, RCN3 protein levels were not correlated with the age and the gender. In addition, RCN3 mRNA levels showed no significant difference between the cancer and the control groups, suggesting that the differential regulation of RCN3 is likely at post-transcription stage in NSCLC.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that RCN3 protein level was significantly down regulated in NSCLC, suggesting a potential correlation between RCN3 protein depletion and development of NSCLC. Although the exact cause-effect relationship between RCN3 and NSCLC needs to be further investigated, the study helps to shed additional lights on the molecular regulation of the lung cancer.
A case of endobronchial leiomyoma treated by sleeve resection of the right upper lobe bronchus.
Vojnosanit Pregl. 2016; 73(2):208-10 [PubMed] Related Publications
CASE REPORT: The presented case, 39-year-old male, had been admitted to our hospital complaining of hemoptysis. Chest X-ray showed no abnormality in either lung field, but computed tomography scan found the tumor in the upper right bronchus. The diagnosis was made by histological and immunohistochemical examination of the specimens obtained during bronchoscopy.
CONCLUSION: The presented patient was treated by thoracotomy and sleeve resection of the right upper lobe bronchus with the removal of all the tumor.
Factors related to local recurrence of non small cell lung cancer and its operability.
J BUON. 2016 Jan-Feb; 21(1):221-6 [PubMed] Related Publications
METHODS: The research was conducted on 114 patients with NSCLC and LR that had initial surgery in two reference institutes in Serbia from January 2002 to December 2010. PT size and disease stage were defined according to the revised 2004 WHO classification. PTs were grouped by size into 3 categories. Due to great diversity, surgical procedures were sorted into 6 operation types. Standard statistical methods and tests were used for data analysis.
RESULTS: Statistical analyses showed significant difference in DFS and LR reoperability that were related to PT size, disease stage and the extent of initial surgery. LR localization on the chest wall was favorable for secondary surgery due to LR.
CONCLUSIONS: Squamous cell lung carcinoma relapses locally more frequently than other lung tumor types, and the commonest LR site is the chest wall. This localization provides high possibility for surgical retreatment. Adequate staging, proper indications for surgical treatment and quality surgery provide longer DFS in patients with NSCLC. All these suggest that the surgeon may be considered as the most significant factor of prognosis.
Expression profiles of SMAD1 protein in lung cancer tissues and normal tissues and its effect on lung cancer incidence.
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2016 Jan-Mar; 30(1):165-71 [PubMed] Related Publications
Primary small cell carcinoma of the vagina with pulmonary metastasis: a case report.
Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 2016; 37(1):129-32 [PubMed] Related Publications
Can calcified pulmonary metastases detected by (18)F-FDG PET/CT suggest the primary tumor?
Hell J Nucl Med. 2016 Jan-Apr; 19(1):10-2 [PubMed] Related Publications
Metastatic Lung Carcinoma Involving the Maxillary Gingiva.
J Okla State Med Assoc. 2016; 109(1):15-6 [PubMed] Related Publications
Community-Guided Focus Group Analysis to Examine Cancer Disparities.
Prog Community Health Partnersh. 2016; 10(1):159-67 [PubMed] Article available free on PMC after 01/01/2017 Related Publications
OBJECTIVES: This paper describes the collaborative process our partnership used to conduct focus groups and to code and analyze the data to inform two components of the ACCURE intervention: 1) a "power analysis" of the cancer care system and 2) the development of the intervention's training component, Healthcare Equity Education and Training (HEET), for cancer center providers and staff.
METHODS: Using active involvement of community and academic partners at every stage in the process, we engaged Black and White breast and lung cancer survivors at two partner cancer centers in eight focus group discussions organized by race and cancer type. Participants were asked to describe "pressure point encounters" or critical incidents during their journey through the cancer system that facilitated or hindered their willingness to continue treatment. Community and academic members collaborated to plan and develop materials, conduct focus groups, and code and analyze data.
CONCLUSIONS: A collaborative qualitative data analysis process strengthened the capacity of our community-medical-academic partnership, enriched our research moving forward, and enhanced the transparency and accountability of our research approach.
Acta Clin Croat. 2015; 54(4):536-40 [PubMed] Related Publications
Research Advances in Molecular Mechanisms of the Invasion and Metastasis of Lung Cancer.
Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao. 2016; 38(1):108-12 [PubMed] Related Publications
The Macroscopic Appearance of Computed Tomography-guided Needle Biopsy Specimens Correlates with Tumor Metastasis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.
Osaka City Med J. 2015; 61(2):105-12 [PubMed] Related Publications
METHODS: A total of 111 patients who underwent CT-guided lung needle biopsy at Osaka City University Hospital between May 2009 and May 2013 were enrolled. Macroscopic appearance was categorized as either loose or tight cohesion. Samples were evaluated using Azan staining to detect collagen fibers. The staining intensity was multiplied by the percentage of positive cells, and the specimen was categorized as having either low (<100) or high expression ( ≥100). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate significant covariates for tumor metastasis.
RESULTS: In the cohort of 111 patients, the diagnostic rates in loose and tight cohesions were 82.6% and 87.5%, respectively (p=0.509). In 60 patients diagnosed with NSCLC, Azan staining of collagen fibers was positive in 93.5% of the samples with tight cohesion and 28.6% of the samples with loose cohesion (p<0.001). In the multivariate logistic regression models, distant metastasis was significantly associated with loose cohesion (p=0.026).
CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the macroscopic appearance of CT-guided biopsy samples correlates with tumor metastasis in NSCLC.
Ground-Glass Opacity Lung Nodules in the Era of Lung Cancer CT Screening: Radiology, Pathology, and Clinical Management.
Oncology (Williston Park). 2016; 30(3):266-74 [PubMed] Related Publications
Visualization of immediate immune responses to pioneer metastatic cells in the lung.
Nature. 2016; 531(7595):513-7 [PubMed] Article available free on PMC after 01/01/2017 Related Publications
Atezolizumab versus docetaxel for patients with previously treated non-small-cell lung cancer (POPLAR): a multicentre, open-label, phase 2 randomised controlled trial.
Lancet. 2016; 387(10030):1837-46 [PubMed] Related Publications
METHODS: In this open-label, phase 2 randomised controlled trial, patients with NSCLC who progressed on post-platinum chemotherapy were recruited in 61 academic medical centres and community oncology practices across 13 countries in Europe and North America. Key inclusion criteria were Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0 or 1, measurable disease by Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors version 1.1 (RECIST v1.1), and adequate haematological and end-organ function. Patients were stratified by PD-L1 tumour-infiltrating immune cell status, histology, and previous lines of therapy, and randomly assigned (1:1) by permuted block randomisation (with a block size of four) using an interactive voice or web system to receive intravenous atezolizumab 1200 mg or docetaxel 75 mg/m(2) once every 3 weeks. Baseline PD-L1 expression was scored by immunohistochemistry in tumour cells (as percentage of PD-L1-expressing tumour cells TC3≥50%, TC2≥5% and <50%, TC1≥1% and <5%, and TC0<1%) and tumour-infiltrating immune cells (as percentage of tumour area: IC3≥10%, IC2≥5% and <10%, IC1≥1% and <5%, and IC0<1%). The primary endpoint was overall survival in the intention-to-treat population and PD-L1 subgroups at 173 deaths. Biomarkers were assessed in an exploratory analysis. We assessed safety in all patients who received at least one dose of study drug. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01903993.
FINDINGS: Patients were enrolled between Aug 5, 2013, and March 31, 2014. 144 patients were randomly allocated to the atezolizumab group, and 143 to the docetaxel group. 142 patients received at least one dose of atezolizumab and 135 received docetaxel. Overall survival in the intention-to-treat population was 12·6 months (95% CI 9·7-16·4) for atezolizumab versus 9·7 months (8·6-12·0) for docetaxel (hazard ratio [HR] 0·73 [95% CI 0·53-0·99]; p=0·04). Increasing improvement in overall survival was associated with increasing PD-L1 expression (TC3 or IC3 HR 0·49 [0·22-1·07; p=0·068], TC2/3 or IC2/3 HR 0·54 [0·33-0·89; p=0·014], TC1/2/3 or IC1/2/3 HR 0·59 [0·40-0·85; p=0·005], TC0 and IC0 HR 1·04 [0·62-1·75; p=0·871]). In our exploratory analysis, patients with pre-existing immunity, defined by high T-effector-interferon-γ-associated gene expression, had improved overall survival with atezolizumab. 11 (8%) patients in the atezolizumab group discontinued because of adverse events versus 30 (22%) patients in the docetaxel group. 16 (11%) patients in the atezolizumab group versus 52 (39%) patients in the docetaxel group had treatment-related grade 3-4 adverse events, and one (<1%) patient in the atezolizumab group versus three (2%) patients in the docetaxel group died from a treatment-related adverse event.
INTERPRETATION: Atezolizumab significantly improved survival compared with docetaxel in patients with previously treated NSCLC. Improvement correlated with PD-L1 immunohistochemistry expression on tumour cells and tumour-infiltrating immune cells, suggesting that PD-L1 expression is predictive for atezolizumab benefit. Atezolizumab was well tolerated, with a safety profile distinct from chemotherapy.
FUNDING: F Hoffmann-La Roche/Genentech Inc.
Computed Tomographic and Pathological Features of Primary Pulmonary Sarcomatoid Carcinoma.
Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao. 2016; 38(1):93-8 [PubMed] Related Publications
METHODS: The clinical data and CT images of 20 patients with pathologically confirmed PSC were retrospectively analyzed.
RESULTS: Solitary pulmonary mass was identified in 18 patients and multiple pulmonary masses in 2 patients, amounting to 22 masses. There were 17 peripheral masses and 5 central masses, including 11 masses larger than 5 cm. The smooth margin was identified in 9 masses, deep lobulation and/or spinous protuberance in 11 masses, and ill-defined margin in 2 masses. Pleural indentation was identified in 2 masses and pleural thickening with wide basement was identified in 14 masses. On plain CT, cavity was observed in 5 masses, hypo-density in 7 masses, and homogeneous density in 10 masses. On contrast-enhanced CT scanning, irregular ring/patchy enhancement were shown in 15 masses and slightly homogenous enhancement in 2 masses. Of all patients, 6 patients had unilateral or bilateral hilar and/or mediastinal lymphadenopathy. There were 16 pleomorphic carcinomas and 4 spindle cell carcinomas. Immunohistochemically, anti-pan cytokeratin antibody was positive in 13 patients, cytokeratin was positive in 8 patients, Vimentin was positive in 15 patients, epithelial membrane antigen was positive in 1 patient, and thyroid transcription factor-1 was positive in 8 patients.
CONCLUSION: PSC has some specific CT features; however, the final confirmation of PSC still depends on pathological and immunohistochemical examinations.
Nutritional knowledge, diet quality and breast or lung cancer risk: a case-control study of adults from Warmia and Mazury region in Poland.
Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2016; 67(1):9-15 [PubMed] Related Publications
OBJECTIVE: Analysis of the relationship between the level of nutritional knowledge, diet quality and risk of breast cancer in women or lung cancer in men from the Warmia and Mazury region in Poland.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was carried out in 202 subjects aged 23-80 years, including 107 women (17 cases of breast cancer) and 95 men (54 cases of lung cancer) from the Warmia and Mazury region in Poland. Nutritional knowledge was evaluated with the Questionnaire of Eating Behaviours (QEB), including 25 statements. Based on the frequency of the consumption of 16 food items, two diet quality indices were created: the pro-Healthy-Diet-Index-8 (pHDI-8) and the non-Healthy-Diet-Index-8 (nHDI-8). The values of pHDI-8 and nHDI-8 were calculated on the basis of the sum of the daily frequency of consumption of the selected food items and expressed as times/day. The Odds Ratio (OR) of both breast cancer or lung cancer in relation to the level of nutritional knowledge was calculated based on a logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS: The incidence of breast or lung cancer in the bottom, middle and upper tertile of nutritional knowledge was 57.6%, 32.6% and 15.8%, respectively. As nutritional knowledge grew in the subsequent tertiles, pHDI-8 was on the increase (2.63 vs. 3.78 vs. 4.22 times/day) and n-HDI-8 was on the decrease (1.32 vs. 1.21 vs. 0.94 times/day). In the upper tertile of nutritional knowledge, the Odds Ratio for the incidence of breast or lung cancers varied from 0.06 (95% CI: 0.02; 0.17; p<0.05, with adjustment for cancer type and age) to 0.17 (95% CI: 0.04; 0.69; p<0.05, with adjustment for age and sex) when compared to the bottom tertile (OR=1.00). In the middle tertile of nutritional knowledge, the Odds Ratio of both cancers varied from 0.27 (95% CI: 0.12; 0.62, p<0.05, with adjustment for cancer type and age) to 0.35 (95% CI: 0.18; 0.71, p<0.05, variables without adjustment) when compared to the bottom tertile.
CONCLUSIONS: A higher level of nutritional knowledge was associated with the higher quality of a pro-healthy diet and lower risk of breast cancer in women or lung cancer in men. In contrast, a lower level of nutritional knowledge was associated with a lower diet quality and a higher risk of both types of cancers.
Effect of compound Kushen injection on T-cell subgroups and natural killer cells in patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer treated with concomitant radiochemotherapy.
J Tradit Chin Med. 2016; 36(1):14-8 [PubMed] Related Publications
METHODS: We randomly divided 60 patients with locally advanced NSCLC who were treated at our hospital between May 2011 and May 2013 into a treatment group and a control group by drawing. The treatment group (n = 30) received concomitant radiochemotherapy plus compound Keshen injection, and the control group (n = 30) received only radiochemotherapy.
RESULTS: After treatment, levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ and CD16+/CD56+ cells had significantly increased, and CD8+ cells had significantly decreased, in the treatment group compared with both their pretreatment levels and with levels in the control group. In the control group, post-treatment levels of CD3 +, CD4 +, CD4 +/CD8 + and CD16+/CD56+ cells were not significantly changed from pretreatment levels. The two groups did not significantly differ in their rates of toxicity reactions (P> 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Compound Kushen injections can increase immunologic function in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer who receive concomitant radiochemotherapy.
Nicotine-induced resistance of non-small cell lung cancer to treatment--possible mechanisms.
Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2016; 70:186-93 [PubMed] Related Publications


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Need Few Articles
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website build and eventually an app
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Project Budgetmin $5000 USD
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Total Bids57
Project Description
I'm looking to build a website from scratch. It would not need e-commerce capability or heavy design graphics, but it would require messaging, uploading content/photos, some search/location features, and other. Looking for a relatively quick turnaround time (<1 month). Templating ideas from various sites, for something internationally (you would not need to know the local language but would need some comfort with ambiguity and translating display to another language). There would definitely be a mobile app component that would come after the site buildout.
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The Federal Aviation Administration is proposing a rule that would require pilots to turn off personal electronic devices in the cockpit during flights. However, pilots would still be able to use iPads or laptops issued for professional use. Airlines for America plans to review the proposal and comment after looking at the proposed rule, a spokeswoman said.
Full Story:USA Today


text:
The Memo
This recently disclosed, internal HP memo, dated 2002, warns of potential open-source litigation from Microsoft.From: *Campbell*, *Gary*
Sent: Monday, June 03, 2002 7:27 PM
To: Stallard, Scott J; CTO Office Directs; Chaffin, Janice; Denzel, Nora; McDowell, Mary; Elias, Howard; Fink, Martin R; Becker, Rick (ISS); Beyers, Joe
Cc: Blackmore, Peter; Robison, Shane
Subject: Microsoft Patent Cross LicenseOpen Source Software Impact Microsoft Patent Cross LicenseOpen Source Software Impact Today we agreed on a new patent cross license with Microsoft that protects *HP* in the short term, but it has significant impact on *HPs* use of Open Source software in the long term.
More importantly, we now understand that Microsoft is about to launch legal action against the industry for shipping Open Source software that may force us out of using certain popular Open Source products.
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Added On: 2014-09-01 02:50:33 • Views: 584 • Duration: 10:16
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Saladaeng Colonnade
No prices found through our partners. Please contact the business directly or check some of our recommended alternatives.
How has this condo rated in the past?
- Suites
- Free High-Speed Internet
- Swimming pool
- Fitness/Health center
- Kitchenette
Travelers also looked at:
- Swimming pool
- Fitness/Health center
- Free High-Speed Internet
- Kitchenette
- Suites
TripAdvisor Reviews Saladaeng Colonnade Bangkok
Travel Blogs from Bangkok
Halloween fun
... because there were tons of decorations going up around the community. There was also a "haunted ship" set up in one of the Community buildings. We bought quite a bit of candy because we had heard that not only do the ex-pat kids trick or treat but the maids, drivers, groundskeepers, guards and other local Thais bring their kids to participate as well. I thought this was great because it would give these kids who have so little a chance ...
... but I think I was very reserved for once. I can't say why, but I just wasn't feeling the need to put myself out there today. Perhaps I recognised that these were single-serving friends. That these people would not make a regular appearance in my life. I guess I like commitment when it comes to friendships. I think I like knowing that I can talk to a person at any given time and know that they will respond. Perhaps I am just needy. The Cambodian crossing was ...
You would think a taxi to the station is easy
... morning. So this morning we woke up nice and early with about 4 hours spare before our flight, we got out of the hostel and walked to the main road. Our first worry came when a tuk tuk driver actually refused to take us to the train station. We were puzzled but kept on walking. Eventually we flagged down a taxi who reluctantly accepted us in and started driving. After standing in traffic for about 45 mins we eventually found ourselves vaguely in the area of the ...
Who needs overnight buses?
... contraption, as well as putting on the bed sheets, curtains and things for everyone. Most of the journey was spent playing rummy (I am 1-0 up in sets, in fine form and taking advantage of Gemma's bad luck recently!), or reading up on Bangkok and the Philippines. The long journey seemed to pass fairly quickly, though there was a very limited amount of sleep due to one of us being assigned a rather uncomfortable bed. Overall it was definitely better ...
Chiang Mai
... Bangkok. I freshened up, and came down to the lounge to just sit and and type today's entry. Soon, the girl from Holland, Danique, joined me. We were just talking and waiting for the others to join us. But it looked like they wouldn't anytime soon, so we decided to go explore the night bazaar in the city. She wanted to buy a pair of flip-flops. So off we went. On the way to the bazaar, a girl asked us for directions to the same place. She was a young American girl ...


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Hotel Miramar Badalona
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How has this hotel rated in the past?
- Breakfast Available
- Multilingual staff
- Beach
- Free High-Speed Internet
- Room service
- Restaurant
Travelers also recommend:
- Beach
- Restaurant
- Bar/lounge
- Breakfast Available
- Free High-Speed Internet
- Wheelchair accessibility
- Multilingual staff
- Room service
- Business Services
TripAdvisor Reviews Hotel Miramar Badalona
Travel Blogs from Badalona
Hot or not!
Merida...one of the places at the top of my 'to see' list on this trip.
A bit of a setback this morning - we were running a little late and also managed to lose the garage where the car was parked. I can imagine you asking how do you lose a garage? But it's easier to do than you might think. The roads all look similar, with all the one-way streets and twists and turns you can never be sure what direction the parking is, there are very few signs that you can interpret ...
Going back in time
... functional with aesthetics. I assume of course given the size of buildings that like all things only the exclusive level of society got the good stuff. The bridge in Merida is nearly 800 m in length over extremely shallow water. It does however occasionally surge and flood over the hundreds of years. It is also obviously not in original condition as various leaders added some ramps and dividers and new tops etc etc. The base is fairly original so still something to think about. ...
Mérida - Augustus Rome
The Roman Theatre of M�rida is a construction promoted by the consul Vipsanius Agrippa in the Roman city of Emerita Augusta, capital of Lusitania. It was constructed in the years 16 to 15 BCE. The Amphitheatre of M�rida is a ruined Roman amphitheater situated in the Roman colony of Emerita Augusta, present-day M�rida, in Spain.
Blissful 15.5km
... to be freed and quickly started burrowing as soon as he was freed and the humans had stopped gawking and being amazed at seeing him. One of those oh wow moments in life.
Arrived in the village and found the Albergue straight away. Got motioned that we had to go to cafe to sign in. No hospitalario here. We grab that coffee at last, check out the wifi - complete **** and a one wifi town, can barely get Facebook let alone email! Blog will get written, pics chosen, but ...
Oh what a beautiful day!
... is still allowed. Full of cork trees and an easy walk though a slow incline all day. There are signs that we are not allowed to pick the acorns (as if) but the locals may like them but all the notes say they are for the livestock as a supplement food. Heaven on the feet though stupido somehow managed to do a good full ankle roll while still in darkness on absolutely nothing. Was checking the rocks for slaps of yellow paint to say we were all ok. Walked on ...


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Do any of you know of an elk ranch near Mud Lake, ID??? I spoke to a man at a gas station a few days ago about elk hunting in that area and if he knew where the elk might be at. He said he was near a private game ranch just past Mud Lake. So I ventured out that way yesterday and couldnt find it.
There is a wildlife preserver (Camas), but that is not what I am refering too as I know where that is.
just thought I would ask.


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This type of application is usually handled with a high-speed disperser mixer. The impeller is usually a saw-tooth disk impeller running at a high speed, 1,000 rpm (17 rps). The recommended impeller diameter is 0.33 m driven by a 25 kW motor. Most such mixers have a hydraulic raising and lowering system to access the vessel and move the impeller location vertically to ensure complete mixing. Such mixers also have a variable speed drive to avoid splashing as the temperature increases and the viscosity decreases.
Have an insight or suggestion?


text:
I used just a leaflet one of the little (4" X 8") oval components that make
up the entire leaf. I just took one that came to a nice point with very
leaf tissue on either side of the mid-rib where I cut it off.
-----Original Message-----
From: Scott Taylor [mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com]
Sent: Thursday, September 18, 2003 2:02 PM
To: email@example.com
Subject: Re: [aroid-l] A. Titanum cloned
Just so I am clear on this cloning technique: does one use the entire leaf,
or trim the lateral material away from the midvein? And how much of the
petiole is retained?
D. Scott Taylor, Ph.D.
Brevard County Environmentally Endangered Lands (EEL) Program
Central Region Land Manager
5560 North US Highway 1
Melbourne, FL 32940
tel: 321.255.4466
email: email@example.com
-----Original Message-----
From: firstname.lastname@example.com
[mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com]On Behalf Of Douglas Ewing
Sent: Thursday, September 18, 2003 11:36 AM
To: 'aroid-l posting'
Subject: Re: [aroid-l] A. Titanum cloned
I too have been cloning titanum from leaf cuttings. We differ from Bill's
procedure slightly:
I use a 12" portion of the leaf with the mid-vein. I have not
experimented with smaller cuttings.
We apply no hormone. ( this is something I have avoided with all
leaf cuttings in the past, as I was under the impression that auxin would
promote root formation, but that it inhibits formation of shoots. Since we
want both to happen with a leaf cutting, we do not apply. Tubers are
shoots, perhaps this explains the difference in the gel vs. powder
We stick the cutting into a 8cm cube of rockwool, water, and
encapsulate the entire affair in a terrarium made from 2 2liter
pop-bottles. This creates almost total humidity, and cutting do not wilt.
If/when fungus appears on the cutting, we dust with cinnamon. Tuber
takes several months, then we wean from humidity by utilizing a pop-bottle
with the bottom removed and the cap off, this allows a bit of air exchange
for a few days , then the cutting is removed from the structure, potted up
and placed on the open bench. Typically the orig. leaf tissue dies,
followed by new leaf emergence. We also see multiple leaf emergence, which
I am assuming will result in multiple tubers.
I have not tried other sp. of this genus, but the fact that
several species produce tubercles on the leaf naturally,( A. bulbifer)
makes me think that all sp. might respond to this treatment.
Doug Ewing, Greenhouse Manager (206) 543-0436
Department of Biology
University of Washington
Box 351800
Seattle, WA 98195-1800


text:
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Ask An OC Expert: Trendy Halloween Costumes For KidsSome will be creepy, some shocking, some fantasy and some a reflection on pop culture. Halloween in America is the best holiday for dressing up and playing make-believe, whether you are a kid or an adult.
3 Reasons Why YouTube Is A Must For Your Small BusinessResearch has shown that one of the most effective ways to reach millennials is with branded YouTube videos.
Dogs Get Human Mouths In Bizarre Viral VideoThe YouTube user Markiplier created a video where he has super-imposed his mouth over dogs and cats making for a hilarious yet somewhat creepy viral video.
Inside The LA Company That Helped Make Silentó's 'Watch Me' A Viral HitFrom celebrities to parents and their kids, people worldwide have uploaded YouTube clips of themselves doing the "Whip/NaeNae" dance. But what started it all? Apparently, an LA company.
Video Capturing 2 Officers Jamming To Journey's 'Don't Stop Believin'' Goes ViralA touching video has surfaced online and shows two police officers in Colorado jamming to Journey's "Don't Stop Believin'. "
Ask A Los Angeles Expert: Best Ways To Discover New MusicMusic executive Eddie Gordon gives his tips on the best places around town and digitally to discover new music.
Adele's 'Hello' Fastest To Reach 1 Billion Views On YouTubeAdele has outpaced Psy on the race to 1 billion views on YouTube.
10 Years After Daughter's Death, Perris Family Still Looking For JusticeThis time of year is always tough for Kim Quinn, whose daughter was found dead 10 years ago on Thanksgiving night.
Keeping Friendly Skies Friendly When Flying With KidsA screaming child can quickly turn your trip into a high-flying nightmare. But there are ways to keep the friendly skies friendly whether you have children or not.
Young Boy Doesn't Let Bout Of Hiccups Derail His Big MomentEthan Hall was struck by a bout of hiccups as he sang Australia's National Anthem at a game.
Patti LaBelle's Sweet Potato Pie Sells Out At Several SoCal Stores After Viral Online ReviewOne man's hilarious review of Patti LaBelle's sweet potato pie has caused a tremendous surge in sales of the baked good, even resulting in the pie being sold out at locations across the Southland.
Cats Take The Stage At G-20 Summit Venue And It's All Caught On TapeIt was a sight to behold and one that was caught on video: a group of cats wandering across the stage at the G-20 Summit.


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text:
|Message view
|« Date » · « Thread »
|« Date » · « Thread »
|Mindaugas Žakšauskas <min...@gmail.com>
|Extending QueryParser
|Fri, 11 Jun 2010 16:46:07 GMT
Hi, I am extending QueryParser's newTermQuery and newRangeQuery methods to make it work with NumericFields. The problem I see with those methods is that they do not allow checked exceptions to be thrown. What I would like to do is - if I am parsing a query parameter (term text or a range part) which I expect to be long and fail, I'd catch NumberFormatException and rethrow it as ParseException. This is now impossible as superclass methods don't have any exceptions declared. QueryParser's methods which call newTermQuery(...) and newRangeQuery (...) do all throw ParseException and I cannot see why these ones shouldn't be allowed to. Another question - is there a recommended way to extend MultiFieldQueryParser for the same purpose? It looks like it extends QueryParser and there is no easy way to plug own parser here. Thanks in advance. Regards, Mindaugas --------------------------------------------------------------------- To unsubscribe, e-mail: email@example.com For additional commands, e-mail: email@example.com
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More information about this newspaper title may be available on the source website.
Source: Chronicling America [US Library of Congress]
Country: United States
State: Virginia
City: Staunton, Va.
Issues of this title available in Elephind: 796
Items (articles and/or pages) from this title available in Elephind: 3,217
Earliest Date: 16 September 1896
Latest Date: 29 December 1911
Located in in Augusta County, Staunton was the geographical center of Virginia prior to West Virginia becoming a state. Known as the "Queen City of the Shenandoah Valley," Staunton is famed for its Romanesque Revival architecture and was fortunate to avoid burning during the Civil War. The Staunton Spectator and the Spectator and Vindicator have an intriguing history spanning nearly a century. Published weekly from 1823 through 1916, save for a few months, the papers covered much local news and witnessed dynamic changes during their tenure. Most notable were the splitting of the Union and the coming of the Civil War. The Staunton Spectator gained its name from Kenton Harper in 1823. Harper purchased the Republican Farmer from Isaac Collett, who had obtained the paper from its founder, William Lyford, shortly after its establishment in 1809. Harper was from Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, where he learned the newspaper business from his father who published the Franklin Repository. The Spectator was conservative, publishing from the political perspective of the Whig Party.
In 1848, Lyttleton Waddell and his nephew Joseph Addison Waddell purchased the Staunton Spectator. In his memoir "Home Scenes and Family Sketches" J. A. Waddell wrote, "my efforts to instruct and entertain the readers of the Spectator were certainly incessant and untiring." Waddell also commented on the management of the paper: "For a full year, Lyttleton and I did all the job work for the establishment. My editorial labors were performed principally at home, after night." On May 29, 1860, Joseph Waddell and Lyttleton Waddell's successor, Lyttleton Waddell Jr., relinquished control of the paper to Richard Mauzy. In his debut as sole editor and proprietor, Mauzy affirmed that he "will endeavor to preserve the reputation which the paper now possesses for dignity, truthfulness, sound morality and wise conservatism." An opponent of secession, Mauzy believed that there "exists no incompatibility between the Union of the States and the rights of the States." In fact, the Spectator witnessed the demise of the Whig Party and the dissolution of the Union. In his farewell editorial to his patrons J.A. Waddell commented, "In the political world, which has been our peculiar element, parties have sprung into existence, run their careers and passed away. We have witnessed the dismemberment and decay of the glorious old Whig party. Our heart's desire is, that this great and patriotic movement may be crowned with success."
On June 7, 1864, Union troops broke into the three-story building that housed the Spectator, destroyed the office, and threw the presses and type into the street. With the type destroyed, Mauzy was unable to publish until after the war. (In contrast, the rival Staunton Vindicator hid its printing press from the Union forces and within hours of the troops' departure printed a new issue of the newspaper.)
Richard Mauzy published the Staunton Spectator for more than 35 years, presiding over Staunton's evolution from a town to a city. On December 4, 1895, Mauzy turned editorial control over to Rudolph Samuel Turk, bidding farewell to his readership, "As 'Old Uncle Ned' had to 'lay down the shovel and the hoe'-the implements of his vocation-so we now lay down those of our vocation-the lead pencil, the scissors, and the mucilage brush-to take a long desired and much needed rest. We flatter ourself, however, with the belief that we have-what we value more than fortune-the esteem, respect, confidence, and good-will of the community in which we have so long lived."
Two years later, the editor of the Staunton Vindicator, William H. H. Lynn, retired and sold his paper to Turk, wherein Turk merged the two newspapers under the name of the Staunton Spectator and Vindicator. Several Virginia newspapers heralded this merger: The Rockingham Register in Harrisonburg applauded this merger, observing that "It will give Staunton and Augusta County one of the strongest newspaper establishments in the Commonwealth and the Democratic Party an influential and widely-read organ." R. S. Turk continued to publish the Spectator and Vindicator through 1916.
Provided by: Library of Virginia; Richmond, VA


text:
It would be easy to believe that the concept of 'stress' was created during the 21st century; a modern-day phenomenon brought on by juggling multiple commitments in a time-strapped society where a skewed work-life balance is weighted heavily in favour of the need to earn money.
Throw in a fast-paced 24/7 world in which time refuses to stand still and a lifestyle that includes round-the-clock access to emails and the internet, and it's no wonder many of us teeter on the edge of burnout.
In reality, the bedfellows of stress - tiredness, high blood pressure, anxiety, muscle tension, gastric problems, skin eruptions, headaches, and bad moods to name but a few - have been around for a long time, but the number of us facing stress-related health issues continues to increase.
Stress affects three million people in the UK and, according to the most recent figures from the Health and Safety Executive1, stress accounted for 35% of all work-related ill health cases and 43% of all working days lost due to ill health in 2014/15.
Additionally, it is more prevalent in public service industries, such as education, health and social care, and public administration and defence.
Causes cited included workload pressures, tight deadlines and overburdening of responsibility and a lack of managerial support.
Only this month a survey2 revealed that the average person is only able to fully relax for 36 minutes a day - amounting to just three hours across the working week.
The study into the working patterns and downtime of 2,000 people found seven in ten feel 'overworked' - with work stress and too few proper breaks the leading causes of a lack of 'me time'.
This month, Men's Health Week (13-19 June) is running with the theme of men's stress and how best to beat it.
Some people seem to be more affected by stress than others and men, in particular, are not the best at seeking medical attention when it is most needed.
However, it is important not to ignore the physical early warnings and, like many health issues, the first signs and symptoms could very well be found inside your mouth.
However, according to the 2009 Adult Dental Health Survey3 for England, Wales and Northern Ireland, men are less likely than women to have tried to make an NHS dental appointment in the last three years.
A dental examination reveals a lot more than just the health of the oral cavity so seeing a dental therapist or hygienist regularly offers blokes an opportunity for the dental team to detect and highlight any early predictors of systemic disease as well as dental disease.
We all relieve our stresses in different ways - with some less healthy than others - and, whilst a daily workout in the gym works for some guys, other men may turn to the pub for solace or find comfort in sugar-laden food.
Acidic foods and drinks are well known sources of the problem and, if your instinct is to have a glass or two of fizzy wine or reach for a packet of sour sweets when the going gets tough, your teeth are in for a rough ride.
It's also worth noting that the most significant contributory factors to oral cancer are the combination of smoking and heavy drinking, with stressbusters such as smokeless tobacco, chewing betel quid, and a poor diet also increasing the risk.
Indeed, according to the Men's Health Forum4, men are nearly three times more likely than women to become alcohol-dependent (8.7% of men are alcohol-dependent compared to 3.3% of women).
Also, men are three times as likely as women to report frequent drug use (4.2% and 1.4% respectively) and more than two thirds of drug-related deaths occur in men.
The impact of recreational drugs on oral health is well documented - and it is important that you share this information with the member of the dental team you visit.
Many people who take drugs or alcohol tend to use the substances in higher amounts in the evenings, before going to sleep - and neglect their oral hygiene routine as a consequence, which leads to leads to a higher rate of decay and plaque.
Stimulants such as ecstasy and cocaine can cause users to clench or grind their teeth when under the influence and this can lead to teeth being worn down, headaches, and neck aches.
Stress can also, in itself, cause bruxism - the proper name for tooth grinding - which also increases the risk of developing other symptoms such as headaches, TMJ disorders, facial pain and ear pain and is associated with sleep apnoea.
Although there is no specific cure for bruxism, your dental team can organise an occlusal splint to offer relief from the disorder - a custom-made device that reduces the parafunction forces and protects your teeth.
Amanda Gallie is President-elect of the British Association of Dental Therapists. She says: 'The dental team are often the first health professionals to spot early signs of stress with a look inside the mouth and by taking a medical history. By discussing the triggers and the problems, we can jointly address with patients a safer route to solving the problem with regards to their lifestyle and dietary habits.
'Cortisol - the stress hormone - can lead to swollen gums, bleeding and general discomfort. So, if you are suffering with stress, distress, anxiety or depression, it is worth having a check up with your dental team to prevent serious oral health issues such as tooth or bone loss.'
So, no excuses gentlemen - these days, many practices offer online booking services. If you can't get to a practice during working hours, find one near your workplace.
A dental therapist and a hygienist are always keen to discuss lifestyle and hygiene habits that may impact negatively on your health. And, because they record a patient's medical history at every visit, you can review your progress jointly.
1. http://www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/causdis/stress/
2. http://www.swnsdigital.com/2016/05/brits-can-only-fill-relax-for-36-minutes-a-day/
3. http://www.hscic.gov.uk/pubs/dentalsurveyfullreport09
4. https://www.menshealthforum.org.uk/key-data-mental-health
Men's Health Week runs from 13-19 June.


text:
Dance for life
Classical ballet schools in Third World countries. To pull children out of miserable conditions. And to give them a future
What is requested of the pupils of ballet schools in the South of the world is motivation and discipline. To pull them out of the slums and the favelas, offering them an alternative to a miserable life, means forming the identity of the person and the conscience of citizens through commitment. And classical ballet is amongst the ideal disciplines.
In Cape Town the organization Dance For All, has the most coveted classes. In Brazil, amongst the most well-known is Edisca di Fortaleza. On Castro's island, where it would not be necessary to defend the myth, for the presence of the Ballet nacional de Cuba and its legendary director, Alicia Alonso, under the aegis of the Bnc since 2002 however fifteen or so atelier all over the Country have been created.
Projects which the Repetto Foundation with Danse pour la vie, together with UNESCO, support through donations.
Valentina Bonelli, Vogue Italia, January 2012, n. 737, p.74
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Bring your children to Lucky Duck Swim School on their school break! We have fun and fabulous Day Camps that offer the children a variety of activities. Your child will have a blast learning and playing with our staff at the pool!
Crafts! Games! Safety Lessons! Swim Lessons! Snacks!
|Summer Camp 2016
June 27 – July 1
July 11 – 15
July 25 – 29
9:00am – 1:00pm
$175 student/week
Space is limited and is done on a first come, first serve basis.
Volunteer Opportunities available for ages 13+
Visit us on Facebook to see more pictures.


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Trade, Design & Inspiration
9 – 12 March 2017 | Singapore Expo
The next International Furniture Fair Singapore show will take place from 9 March (Thursday) to 12 March (Sunday) 2017 at the Singapore Expo.
While the show has always been design-led, we saw the need to take this to the next level. Our goal is to be a platform that facilitates business discussions, highlights the latest trends in design, and engages the imagination.
Want to get a glimpse on what's coming up in the next IFFS edition?
Looking to visit the fair but not sure which exhibitors are attending? Check out our detailed exhibitor listing or search categories to bookmark your favourite ones!
See our great range of exhibition & advertising packages created to broadcast your brand to a worldwide audience in both physical and digital formats!
Book now to get your desired booth space! It's never too early and it's never too late. IFFS wants you!
Gearing up to visit the exhibition? Know great deals, business prospects and networking opportunities.
The timeless beauty of solid wood by Ethnicraft
Bellagio Asia – Quality Furniture Manufacturer
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PlayStation Help
Sign In
Expert PlayStation 3 Hardware
psn help .please help
October 2008
hi.i desperately need your help .3 weeks ago i was able to connect to internet on my ps3 and play online and download demos and everything.then the internet service of the place where i live in KARACHI,PAKISTAN changed.i live in a flat type of housing where there are 4 buildings of 6 floor each with a single network service.in this new service i am not able to connect to the net.2 error come ps3 disconnected from media server and connection to server timed out.i have no clue what to do and also there is no router as there is no permission to visit it as it manages all the flats.my pc works finebut iam not able to connect with my ps3.someonetold me that it may be a problem with my service or it doesnt support ps3 so i brought a different sevice named wateen telecom from my friend.he brought a motorolla router and a cable and a power supply adapter but i still wasnt able to connect as the same error came but the disconnected from media server didnt came.when i connect on the pc both the watteen and my current service ask for a login id and password of some kind ,could it have something to do with it.i am fed up of searching on google and trying again and again with no success.please help.
Lyndon M STAFF
October 2008
The log in would be a big part of the problem. Also, that Motorola box would be the modem, not the router. I would suggest sticking with the service you got from your friend and purchase a router yourself- once it is installed it would handle the log in process and you would then be able to open up the ports needed for the PlayStation Network to get through.
October 2008
thanks for the advice but could you explain me that how would the router handle the log in process and also how to open up ports
Lyndon M STAFF
October 2008
When setting up the router you would give it the username and password your provider needs to allow you online- the router would then log in for you every time you want online.
As for how to open ports, it varies a bit between brands as each take a slightly different path to the spot in their settings.Mainly, though, it's a simple matter of typing in the numbers of the ports you want, set the type and check a box beside them to mark it as being active, then save the settings.
October 2008
ok suppose i purchase my own router...then can i operate my current net service by plugging in my ethernet wire to the router then to my pc or ps3?
"in my current service ps3 dosent works online".
and once i connected my ps3 with the motrola modem or router at my friends house and it worked fine..so i tried to do it at my home but it didnt work. and let me tell u only one out of 3 signal were comming.i think so tats the prob!?
Lyndon M STAFF
October 2008
The main problem, I think, is the internet service your building has. If you are unable to talk to the people running it to make some changes or get a different service you may be out of luck. But, if you are able to stay hooked up to the wateen service you would be able to use the router to share that connection with the PS3 and the PC. I would ask your friend about the log in, considering he sold it to you.
October 2008
i have also decided to buy that wateen service from my friend but i am confused because the only reason i want to purchase it because it would connect my ps3 online but currently it is not.actually i dont know how to login using the wateen on my ps3 but on pc when i open firefox or internet explorer they ask for user name and password.from where can i input the network user name and password of the wateen in my ps3?
i agree with you that the current service doesnt support the ps3 as my sevice provider said that there network have some sort of high security which may be preventing the ps3 from connecting?nonetheless i am gonna get that wateen.
Lyndon M STAFF
October 2008
Again, get yourself a router to use the Wateen internet service for both your PC and the PS3. You would be able to put the log in and password you get into the settings of it and it will log in automatically so you would not have to on either device.
October 2008
i wll get another service hopefully but if my current service works that would be great.today i tried to enter the user name and password in the PPPoE section and it said attempt to obtain IP adress timed out.Is it possible for me to connect through PPPoE.
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Help Mothers
Obstetric fistula is a devastating childbirth injury that affects millions of new mothers around the world.
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text:
(beep beep beep)
Damn, Are you for real?
It's time to wake up already?
Time to feel?
I'm so tired
And feel so weak
Maybe I hadtoo much to drink
You lie there
In the messed up sheets
Of course, you get to sleep
No socks on your feet
But what about me?
I gotta get up
And not be free
I get out of bed
And try to get dressed
Shirts over my head
And my hairs a mess
Do I have time for a shower?
Or is it just too late?
Fuck it I'll skip work!
it's too early anyway
I'm such a dork!
It's sunday!
I think....
I really can't remember
Why my hair is pink!
Fuck I hate hangovers
They're a bitch!
Exspecially when
You can't control it!
Well I'm off to sleep
So leave me alone
Let me be a loner
Just you, me and this big ass boner!
© Copyright 2017 DylanNewton. All rights reserved.
Status: Finished
Genre: Poetry
HA! Loved the last few lines! And all guys should get it! I've been living with my fiance for almost four years and I can tell you, from a girl's point of view, its quite funny!
This is a great poem, very observant yet still damn funny!
Short Story / Other
Poem / Romance
Poem / Romance
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Mercedes-Benz's first production plug-in hybrid is chock full of astounding numbers, including the price tag. The base price is 108,944.50 euros, or about $146,000 US. If that didn't make your eyes glaze over, the Daimler division is ready to take your down payments now that the Mercedes-Benz S500 Plug-in Hybrid is officially on sale. Deliveries to European dealerships start in September.
2014 Mercedes-Benz S500 Plug-in Hybrid: Frankfurt 2013
Sales start for $146,000 Mercedes-Benz S500 Plug In Hybrid
- Danny King
- Aug 3, 2014
Mercedes-Benz S500 Plug-in Hybrid ready for 'major role' in urban areas
- Danny King
- Jan 17, 2014
We finally got a clear look at the Mercedes-Benz S500 Plug-in Hybrid at the Frankfurt Motor Show last fall, but it took until this week to learn what the vision (see what we did there) is that Mercedes-Benz has for the PHEV. Despite it's generous size, Mercedes thinks this is a vehicle that will work well in urban areas.
2014 Mercedes-Benz S500 Plug-in Hybrid for fat cats frugal with fuel
- Jonathon Ramsey
- Sep 12, 2013
Judging by how long we waited to get a clear shot of the Mercedes-Benz S500 Plug-in Hybrid, you'd have thought hybrid cars were only driven by Terminators and that the technology arrived only 48 hours ago through a wormhole in the Mercedes stand. The newest member of the Mercedes-Benz S-Class hybrid band - joining the S400 Hybrid and S350 BlueTEC Hybrid, it hits notes like a 5.5-second sprint from standstill to 62 miles per hour, up to 19 miles of ion-powered running and uses three liters of gas
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