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Missing(ness) in action : selectivity bias in GPS-based land area measurements
Land area is a fundamental component of agricultural statistics, and of analyses undertaken by agricultural economists. While household surveys in developing countries have traditionally relied on farmers'own, potentially error-prone, land area assessments, the availability of affordable and reliable Global Positioning System (GPS) units has made GPS-based area measurement a practical alternative. Nonetheless, in an attempt to reduce costs, keep interview durations within reasonable limits, and avoid the difficulty of asking respondents to accompany interviewers to distant plots, survey implementing agencies typically require interviewers to record GPS-based area measurements only for plots within a given radius of dwelling locations. It is, therefore, common for as much as a third of the sample plots not to be measured, and research has not shed light on the possible selection bias in analyses relying on partial data due to gaps in GPS-based area measures. This paper explores the patterns of missingness in GPS-based plot areas, and investigates their implications for land productivity estimates and the inverse scale-land productivity relationship. Using Multiple Imputation (MI) to predict missing GPS-based plot areas in nationally-representative survey data from Uganda and Tanzania, the paper highlights the potential of MI in reliably simulating the missing data, and confirms the existence of an inverse scale-land productivity relationship, which is strengthened by using the complete, multiply-imputed dataset. The study demonstrates the usefulness of judiciously reconstructed GPS-based areas in alleviating concerns over potential measurement error in farmer-reported areas, and with regards to systematic bias in plot selection for GPS-based area measurement.
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518, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan.
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- Dwayne Benjamin & Loren Brandt, 2000. "Property Rights, Labor Markets, and Efficiency in a Transition Economy: The Case of Rural China," Working Papers benjamin-00-02, University of Toronto, Department of Economics.
- Lamb, Russell L., 2003. "Inverse productivity: land quality, labor markets, and measurement error," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(1), pages 71-95, June.
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- Binswanger, Hans P. & Deininger, Klaus & Feder, Gershon, 1993.
"Power, distortions, revolt, and reform in agricultural land relations,"
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1164, The World Bank.
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- Benjamin, Dwayne, 1995. "Can unobserved land quality explain the inverse productivity relationship?," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 46(1), pages 51-84, February.
- Michael Kevane, 1996. "Agrarian Structure and Agricultural Practice: Typology and Application to Western Sudan," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 78(1), pages 236-245.
- Bhalla, Surjit S & Roy, Prannoy L, 1988. "Mis-specification in Farm Productivity Analysis: The Role of Land Quality," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 40(1), pages 55-73, March.
- Schenker, Nathaniel & Taylor, Jeremy M. G., 1996. "Partially parametric techniques for multiple imputation," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 22(4), pages 425-446, August.
- Claire Vermaak, 2012. "Tracking poverty with coarse data: evidence from South Africa," The Journal of Economic Inequality, Springer;Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, vol. 10(2), pages 239-265, June.
- Barrett, Christopher B., 1996. "On price risk and the inverse farm size-productivity relationship," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(2), pages 193-215, December.
- Carter, Michael R, 1984. "Identification of the Inverse Relationship between Farm Size and Productivity: An Empirical Analysis of Peasant Agricultural Production," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 36(1), pages 131-145, March.
- Michael W. Robbins & T. Kirk White, 2011. "Farm Commodity Payments and Imputation in the Agricultural Resource Management Survey," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 93(2), pages 606-612.
- Assuncao, Juliano J. & Ghatak, Maitreesh, 2003. "Can unobserved heterogeneity in farmer ability explain the inverse relationship between farm size and productivity," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 80(2), pages 189-194, August.
- Yotopoulos, Pan A & Lau, Lawrence J, 1973. "A Test for Relative Economic Efficiency: Some Further Results," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 63(1), pages 214-223, March.
- Schenker, Nathaniel & Raghunathan, Trivellore E. & Chiu, Pei-Lu & Makuc, Diane M. & Zhang, Guangyu & Cohen, Alan J., 2006. "Multiple Imputation of Missing Income Data in the National Health Interview Survey," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 101, pages 924-933, September.
- Nkonya, Ephraim M. & Pender, John L. & Jagger, Pamela & Sserunkuuma, Dick & Kaizzi, Crammer & Ssali, Henry, 2004. "Strategies for sustainable land management and poverty reduction in Uganda:," Research reports 133, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
- Scheuren, Fritz, 2005. "Multiple Imputation: How It Began and Continues," The American Statistician, American Statistical Association, vol. 59, pages 315-319, November.
- Eswaran, Mukesh & Kotwal, Ashok, 1985. "A Theory of Contractual Structure in Agriculture," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 75(3), pages 352-367, June.
- Kelly, Valerie A. & Donovan, Cynthia, 2008. "Agricultural Statistics in Sub-Saharan Africa: Differences in Institutional Arrangements and their Impacts on Agricultural Statistics Systems. A Synthesis of Four Country Case Studies," Food Security International Development Working Papers 54558, Michigan State University, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics.
- Eswaran, Mukesh & Kotwal, Ashok, 1986. "Access to Capital and Agrarian Production Organisation," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 96(382), pages 482-498, June.
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This review is from: Thermaltake Toughpower DPS 850W Digital PS-TPG-0850DPCGUS-1 ATX 12V 2.31 & SSI EPS 12V 2.92 80 PLUS GOLD Certified Full Modular Active PFC Power Supply – Black New 4th Gen CPU Haswell Ready
Pros: stable running modular psu with many features, aesthetically pleasing as well, got this psu to go with the black silver and gold theme in my rig, didnt expect to be surprised with how easy it is to perform cable management with this modular psu, very easy to set up. comes with plenty of necessary and extra cables that come in a separate carrying bag, monitoring software is complete with lots features. powers my 780ti, 4770k rig with no issues at all at maximum load. may be even be a bit of an overkill for my setup. but i like it.
Cons: 1 con that is of no fault of the psu itself is my pc case itself, the in-win 904 case that i have doesn't leave much space for any normal sized psu's and cables, it can fit but you have to bend the cables to a 90 degree and install the psu upside down to where the fan is pointing up, you dont see this issue on other pc cases, just my poor case buying decision i guessREAD FULL REVIEW
This review is from: Tt eSPORTS Level 10 M MO-LTM009DTJ Iron White 7 Buttons 1 x Wheel USB Wired Laser 8200 dpi Gaming Mouse
Pros: very nice aesthetically pleasing mouse, customization options are a cool plus, 4 different glow colors to choose from, adjustable sensitivity, very accurate mouse on multiple surfaces
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This review is from: Thermaltake TR2 TR-500 500W ATX12V v2.3 SLI Ready CrossFire Ready ATX12V & EPS12V Power Supply Power Supply
Pros: got this psu for a media setup with for some reason more gaming potential than it needs (i have a hard time limiting myself). does great tho, great cable setup, simple and affordable, stable current. nothing super extravagant like thermaltake's higher end psu's but it gets the job done very well
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Sober-living home operator Morningside drops appeal over Newport rules
NEWPORT BEACH – Morningside Recovery has dropped its appeal of last year's Superior Court ruling against it, ending one of multiple legal battles over the city's regulation of homes for recovering addicts.
The voluntary dismissal was issued by the appellate court on Monday, court records show.
The dismissal ends an ongoing fight between the city of Newport Beach and the recovery service provider over the regulation of "group homes," which includes homes for recovering addicts. By city law, sober living homes, as they're often called, are restricted to certain neighborhoods in the city with a permit.
In 2011, after several violations, including illegal parking, loud music and disturbance calls, the city revoked the permit that allowed Morningside to operate. Morningside sued.
Last August, Orange County Superior Court Judge Sheila Fell entered a judgment against Morningside, saying the provider violated city code. The judge ordered the facilities out of Newport Beach.
Since then, Morningside clients have moved to other sober living homes, mainly in Costa Mesa, executive director Joel Edwards said in an interview last month.
Newport Beach city attorney Aaron Harp said Monday's dismissal was "a win for the citizens of Newport Beach who no longer have to endure living with the secondhand effects of non-permitted uses."
Morningside's attorney and executives did not respond to requests for comment.
Monday's dismissal does not end the city's legal battles over its regulation of sober living homes.
Earlier this month, city lawmakers agreed to hire former U.S. solicitor general Ted Olson to petition to the U.S. Supreme Court over a separate suit brought by three sober-living home providers.
It's unknown if the Supreme Court will agree to hear the case.
Information about the city's "group home" law is available at newportbeachca.gov.
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Not quite complete yet, this pergola and deck face west, with a great view of the small river i live on year round.I live in zone 5, central east Ontario. I've bought an Engleman's Ivy, and Clematis-President. Looking for suggestions on where to plant these and other plants at the base of the deck. I have two large baskets that will hold 5 gallon plastic planters, both are planted with -Impatiens and Fushia.
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My budget is tight, the two chairs will be replaced, yard sales and clearance stock will be my source for new to me garden furniture. I'm hoping to pick up some more plants at endow season sales. Suggestions, pics?


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|Table of Contents
|Vol. 161, No. 1, 2013
Issue release date: April 2013
|Section title: Original Paper
Allergen Sensitization Is Associated with Increased DNA Methylation in Older MenSordillo J.E.a, c · Lange N.E.a–c · Tarantini L.f · Bollati V.f · Zanobetti A.e · Sparrow D.d · Vokonas P.d · Schwartz J.e · Baccarelli A.e, f · DeMeo D.a–c · Litonjua A.A.a–c
aChanning Laboratory, bDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, cHarvard Medical School, dVeterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, and eDepartment of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass., USA; fCenter of Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Università degli Studi di Milano and IRCCS Maggiore Policlinico Hospital, Mangiagalli and Regina Elena Foundation, Milan, Italy Corresponding Author
Correspondence to: Dr. Joanne E. Sordillo
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
Brigham and Women's Hospital
181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 (USA)
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Background: Variation in epigenetic modifications, arising from either environmental exposures or internal physiological changes, can influence gene expression and may ultimately contribute to complex diseases such as asthma and allergies. We examined the association of asthma and allergic phenotypes with DNA methylation levels of retrotransposon-derived elements. Methods: We used data from 704 men (mean age 73 years) in the longitudinal Normative Aging Study to assess the relationship between asthma, allergic phenotypes and DNA methylation levels of the retrotransposon-derived elements Alu and long interspersed nuclear element (LINE)-1. Retrotransposons represent a large fraction of the genome (>30%) and are heavily methylated to prevent expression. Percent methylation of Alu and LINE-1 elements in peripheral white blood cells was quantified using PCR pyrosequencing. Data on sensitization to common allergens from skin prick testing, asthma and methacholine responsiveness were gathered approximately 8 years prior to DNA methylation analysis. Results: Prior allergen sensitization was associated with increased methylation of Alu (β = 0.32 for sensitized vs. nonsensitized patients; p = 0.003) in models adjusted for pack-years of smoking, body mass index, current smoking, air pollutants, percentage of eosinophils, white blood cell count and age. Of the men interviewed, 5% of subjects reported a diagnosis of asthma. Neither Alu nor LINE-1 methylation was associated with asthma. Conclusions: These data suggest that increased DNA methylation of repetitive elements may be associated with allergen sensitization but does not appear to be associated with asthma. Future work is needed to identify potential underlying mechanisms for these relationships.
© 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel
Allergic diseases are known to arise from both genetic and environmental causes. Epigenetics, or the study of changes to the genome peripheral to the DNA sequence itself (i.e. histone modifications, RNA interference and DNA methylation), is key to understanding how the environment alters the function of genes. DNA methylation, which occurs through the addition of methyl groups to cytosines located within CpG dinucleotides, is a reversible modification that can alter chromosome stability and suppress gene transcription. Epigenetic pathways, mediated by environmental exposures, may change gene expression profiles, ultimately resulting in a particular phenotype [1]. A number of environmental exposures, including air pollution and dietary factors, have been shown to influence the epigenome [2].
Epigenetic changes are important in immune system development and may also have relevance for asthma and allergic disease etiology. The differentiation of T cells, a process necessary for normal immune function, is guided by changes in DNA/histone methylation and/or histone acetylation [3]. During differentiation of naïve T cells into type 1 T helper (Th1) cells, the promoter region in the interferon (IFN)-γ gene is progressively demethylated (thereby increasing the expression of this Th1 cytokine that enhances the Th1 response) [4,5,7,8]. Epigenetic mechanisms are also known to influence type 2 T helper (Th2) differentiation and may impact the expression of forkhead box P3 and T regulatory cell function [9,10,11]. While the opportunity for epigenetic-driven changes in gene expression provides plasticity in immune function, it also makes the system susceptible to aberrant modifications that could ultimately give rise to an allergic disease phenotype. In fact, studies on epigenetic regulation of T cells have led to the hypothesis that environmental exposures influencing DNA methylation may increase allergic disease risk by suppressing pathways (Th1 and T regulatory cell differentiation) that inhibit differentiation of allergy-promoting Th2 cells [12,13]. Consistent with this hypothesis, some [6,14] but not all [15] human and animal studies show an association between dietary supplementation with folate (a methyl donor) during pregnancy and increased risk of asthma in offspring.
While DNA methylation has been investigated in relation to a variety of diseases, little is known about its relationship to asthma and allergic disease. A large portion of DNA methylation sites are located within retrotransposons, repetitive sequences which are generally not expressed. Demethylation of these sequences could potentially interfere with proper expression of other genes [16]. Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements are retrotransposon-derived repetitive elements present in mammalian genomes. Retrotransposons utilize an RNA intermediary to create cDNA copies of themselves for reinsertion into the genome [17]. LINE-1 elements, which are 6,000 base pairs in their full form, comprise at least 17% of the human genome. More than one million copies of Alu sequences, a type of short interspersed nuclear element, are also interspersed throughout the genome [17]. In addition to serving as markers of DNA methylation in a large portion (approx. 30%) of the genome, LINE-1 and Alu repetitive elements may also directly influence asthma and allergic disease pathogenesis. Unmethylated CpG sequences in Alu repeats may mimic bacterial DNA CpG motifs [18], with the potential to stimulate the innate immune system and possibly mediate an allergic disease response. Transcriptionally active LINE-1 elements are potential activators of IFN-γ and other proinflammatory mediators through toll-like receptor pathways [19], with possible implications for allergies and asthma.
In this study, we determined whether methylation of Alu and LINE-1 (two common categories of retrotransposon-derived elements) was associated with allergen sensitization, airway hyperresponsiveness or asthma. To our knowledge, this is the first epidemiological study to examine DNA methylation of Alu and LINE-1 and allergic disease.
This study included 704 elderly men who, as of March 1999, were active participants in the Normative Aging Study. The Normative Aging Study cohort was established by the Veterans' Administration in 1961, which enrolled men 21–80 years of age from the greater Boston area (Mass., USA) who were free of known chronic medical conditions [20]. Since the time of enrollment, participants have had comprehensive clinical examinations at 3- to 5-year intervals. In examinations that took place between March 1999 and November 2007, participants agreed to donate at least one blood sample for DNA. A physician elicited a complete medical history and smoking history using the American Thoracic Society questionnaire [21]. The questionnaire (ATS-DLD-78) [21] was administered to each participant to obtain information on smoking habits, respiratory symptoms and illness, an average of 8 years prior to blood collection for DNA methylation (range 5–17.5 years). Of the 704 men with blood samples for DNA methylation data, 669 had questionnaire data for asthma. Men who reported a doctor's diagnosis of asthma were classified as asthmatic. All participants gave written informed consent. This study was reviewed and approved by the institutional review boards of all participating institutions.
DNA was extracted from stored frozen buffy coat of 7 ml of whole blood, using QiAmp DNA blood kits (Qiagen). DNA methylation was quantitated using bisulfite PCR and pyrosequencing, as described previously [22,23]. PCR primers were designed towards consensus LINE-1 and Alu sequences and allowed for the amplification of a representative pool of repetitive elements to serve as a surrogate for diffuse genomic DNA methylation changes. The degree of methylation was expressed as the percentage of methylated cytosines of the sum of methylated and unmethylated cytosines. This method quantitatively assessed the proportion of methylated sites in LINE-1 and Alu repetitive elements dispersed throughout the genome. Non-CpG cytosine residues were used as built-in controls to verify bisulfite conversion. For both Alu and LINE-1, we measured the percentage of methylated cytosines at each of three CpG dinucleotide positions that are repeated over the human genome with the sequence of interest. Each marker was tested in triplicate, and their average was used in the statistical analysis.
Skin prick testing was conducted an average of 8 years prior to blood sample collection. Skin testing was performed as previously described [24] by the prick method of Pepys [25]. Subjects were tested in a double-blind fashion with 4 common aeroallergen preparations preserved in glycerin (ragweed, 1:20; mixed trees, 1:20; mixed grasses, 1:20; house dust, 1:10) along with a glycerin control. Wheal reactions were measured at 20 min as the sum of the largest wheal diameter plus the perpendicular diameter divided by 2. A positive skin test was defined as subjects having a wheal diameter of ≥5 mm in response to any of the above allergens, after subtraction of the glycerin control. Of the 704 men with DNA methylation data, 591 (84%) had prior assessment for allergen sensitization. Serum total IgE was determined by a paper radioimmunosorbent test (Pharmacia Diagnostics, Piscataway, N.J., USA) an average of 8 years prior to blood sample collection for DNA methylation (range 6–17.5 years). The mean of 2 determinations on each serum specimen was used for analysis.
Methacholine challenge testing was performed on the same day as skin prick testing. Sixty percent of men with DNA methylation assessment (423/704) also had methacholine challenge testing [24]. Protocols for methacholine challenge testing were performed as previously reported [26]. A positive methacholine challenge test (airway hyperresponsiveness) was defined as a ≥20% decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) from the postsaline value at or before one inhalation of 25 mg/ml methacholine. Men with a ≥20% decline in FEV1 from the postsaline value at or before four inhalations of 5 mg/ml methacholine (equivalent to a cumulative dose of 8.58 µmol of methacholine) were classified as responders.
We used multiple linear regression models to determine the association between prior allergen sensitization and markers of DNA methylation of Alu and LINE-1. Distributions of Alu and LINE-1 were approximately normal, so these outcome variables were untransformed in the analyses. For models of allergen sensitization and DNA methylation, we used atopy (sensitization to any allergen) and specific allergen sensitization as predictors. Both univariate and multiple regression models for specific allergen sensitization were constructed. We also considered asthma and methacholine responsiveness as predictors of DNA methylation. Models were adjusted for body mass index, age at blood sampling for DNA methylation analysis, pack-years of smoking, current smoking, air pollutants (7-day moving averages of particles less than 2.5 µm in diameter and black carbon), percentage of eosinophils in the peripheral blood cell count and total white blood cell count. Air pollutant exposures at the time of blood sample collection were assessed using a stationary monitoring site 1 km from the examination site. We also examined dietary folate (estimated from a food frequency questionnaire) as a predictor of DNA methylation and as a potential confounder in multiple regression models.
The characteristics of the study population are shown in table 1. The study subjects were older male individuals between the ages of 55.3 and 100.9 years (mean age 72.7, SD 6.7). Mean blood DNA methylation levels, expressed as the percentage of methylated cytosines, were 26.4 (SD 1.1, range 22.8–32.4) for Alu and 76.8 (SD 1.8, range 70.1–84.6) for LINE-1 methylation.
Twenty percent of the men tested for allergen sensitization were sensitized to at least one allergen (table 2). In men sensitized to at least one allergen, mean DNA methylation levels were 26.6 (SD 1.2, range 23.6–30.7) for Alu and 76.9 (SD 1.8, range 71.1–81.0) for LINE-1; for unsensitized men, mean levels were 26.2 (SD 0.96, range 22.8–30.1) for Alu and 76.8 (SD 1.8, range 70.1–84.6) for LINE-1 methylation. In multiple regression models, prior sensitization to at least one allergen was associated with a 0.32 increase in the methylation of Alu (p = 0.003) but showed no association (p = 0.63) with LINE-1 methylation (table 3). Adjustment for potential confounders did not alter this effect. Dietary folate consumption was not associated with methylation of Alu or LINE-1 and did not confound the relationship between allergen sensitization and DNA methylation (data not shown). Adjustment for air pollutants (levels of particles less than 2.5 µm in diameter and black carbon) did not change the association between allergen sensitization and DNA methylation. Alu methylation increased with each additional positive skin prick test (β = 0.21, p < 0.05 in adjusted models; fig. 1). Total IgE levels were not associated with methylation of either Alu or LINE-1 elements (p > 0.25). The percentage of blood eosinophils was elevated in sensitized versus nonsensitized individuals (4.0 vs. 3.4%, respectively; p value for t test = 0.03) but was not associated with DNA methylation. Of the men who tested positive for allergen sensitization, 6% were sensitized to tree allergens, 12% to grass, 9% to ragweed and 2.5% to house dust extract. In univariate models, specific allergies to tree (p = 0.007) and grass (p = 0.07) were associated with increased methylation of Alu but not LINE-1 (table 4). However, in multiple regression models including a panel of specific allergies, only sensitization to tree allergens was significantly associated with increased methylation of Alu. Specific allergen sensitization was not associated with LINE-1 methylation in multiple regression models (p = 0.63). The percentage of methacholine responders was also similar in sensitized versus nonsensitized subjects (22 vs. 25%; p = 0.5).
One quarter of the men tested for bronchial hyperresponsiveness showed a ≥20% drop in FEV1 (table 2). Methacholine responsiveness was not associated with methylation of Alu or LINE-1 (table 5). Similarly, methacholine responsiveness expressed as a continuous variable (log10 slope of response) showed no significant relationship with DNA methylation (data not shown).
Five percent of men with DNA methylation data (n = 35) reported a doctor's diagnosis of asthma. Thirty-nine percent of self-reported asthmatics (12 out of 31 with skin prick testing) tested positive for allergen sensitization. Asthma was not associated with Alu and LINE-1 methylation levels in adjusted models (table 5).
Our study shows that prior allergen sensitization is associated with increased DNA methylation of the repetitive element Alu in a cohort of elderly men. No associations with allergic disease were observed for LINE-1. Hypermethylation of DNA from sensitized individuals suggests a potential underlying epigenetic mechanism for altered immune response in allergic disease. Although a considerable amount of epigenetic programming occurs during fetal development [27], the association between increased Alu methylation and allergen sensitization in this older population suggests that epigenetic changes in later life may also be relevant for allergy. Epigenetic modifications in adulthood may occur as a result of the aging process or due to environmental exposures. In this cohort, aging [28,29], lead exposure [30], and air pollution [31] have all been associated with a decrease in methylation of repetitive elements in DNA. In contrast, dietary consumption of methyl donors may increase DNA methylation levels, potentially leading to an increased risk of allergic disease. Human and animal studies of prenatal exposures have shown a link between consumption of high levels of folate during pregnancy and increased risk of allergies and asthma in offspring [6,14]. Folate consumption was not associated with DNA methylation in this cohort. However, data on folate supplementation and DNA methylation in humans are mixed [32,33,34], and the relationship between methyl donor consumption, allergies and asthma in adults requires further study.
While prior allergen sensitization was associated with increased Alu methylation in this cohort, we did not find similar effects for total IgE levels or methacholine responsiveness. Total IgE as a marker of allergen sensitization is much less specific than skin prick testing, which could explain why we did not observe an effect for this predictor. Methacholine response showed a minimal overlap with sensitization, with only 20% of responders demonstrating sensitization to at least one allergen. This limited overlap may explain why a concomitant association was not detected for methacholine responsiveness and Alu methylation. An alternative explanation may relate to statistical power. Our sample size was larger for subjects with skin prick test data (n = 591), as compared to the number of subjects with IgE measurement (n = 469) or methacholine responsiveness (n = 423).
Since epigenetic patterns may be influenced by cell populations, we adjusted for the percentage of eosinophils, which was elevated in subjects with allergen sensitization. The relationship between prior allergen sensitization and DNA methylation remained unchanged after adjustment for the percentage of eosinophils. While sensitization to any allergen was significantly associated with increased methylation of Alu, multiple regression models examining individual specific allergies showed tree sensitization as the strongest predictor.
Methylation of repetitive DNA sequences like Alu and LINE-1 may serve as a broad indicator of global DNA methylation (with potential implications for groups of specific genes involved in allergy, like those in T cell differentiation and adaptive immunity), or the repetitive elements themselves may alter immune function in a way that influences allergy. While the majority of Alu copies are hypermethylated and therefore inactive, hypomethylation (as a result of vitamin B deficiency, treatment with medications such as 5-azacytidine, procainamide and hydralazine, or toxin exposure) results in transcription of Alu elements [18]. Transcripts of this transposon-derived DNA are perceived as 'foreign' to the immune system and may have immune-stimulatory capabilities. Additionally, the unmethylated CpG-rich Alu DNA fragments could potentially mimic the effects of bacterial CpG-rich motifs, which are known to prime the Th1 response, suppress IgE production and initiate the release of the cytokines interleukin-12 and IFN-γ [35].
While this study showed a clear association between allergen sensitization and increased DNA methylation, there were some study limitations. The allergen sensitization data in the cohort were collected several years prior to DNA methylation data; therefore, we were not able to assess the association between current allergen sensitization and DNA methylation. While sensitization to tree allergens seemed to drive the relationship between current allergen sensitization and methylation, the number of subjects within this subgroup was relatively small. Also, our analysis was limited to older, predominantly white men. Lastly, although methylation of repetitive elements may represent epigenetic modifications in a large portion of the genome, the significance of these epigenetic markers can be difficult to interpret.
In summary, this study suggests that increased methylation of repetitive elements may be associated with allergen sensitization, but not asthma, in this cohort. Future work is needed to identify potential underlying mechanisms for these relationships.
We would like to thank the Normative Aging Study subjects for their participation. The Normative Aging Study is supported by the Cooperative Studies Program/Epidemiology Research and Information Center of the US Department of Veterans Affairs and is a component of the Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center. Dr. Sparrow is the recipient of a Research Career Scientist award from the Veterans Affairs Clinical Science Research and Development Service.
This study was funded by National Institutes of Health grants AG027214, ES015172, 014663, HL007427, HL089438, ES015172-01 and ES00002 and the Doris Duke Clinical Scientist Development Award.
Correspondence to: Dr. Joanne E. Sordillo
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
Brigham and Women's Hospital
181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 (USA)
E-Mail email@example.com
Received: February 09, 2012
Accepted: August 27, 2012
Published online: December 14, 2012
Issue release date: April 2013
Number of Print Pages: 7
Number of Figures: 1
Number of Tables: 5
ISSN: 1018-2438 (Print)
eISSN: 1423-0097 (Online)
For additional information: http://www.karger.com/IAA
Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher or, in the case of photocopying, direct payment of a specified fee to the Copyright Clearance Center.
Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.


text:
This sale is two acres with two adjacent houses on two separate deeds. The intention is to show how valuable owning this combined real estate is. However, the owner is willing to sell individually. Combined taxes are approx $13,000 per year. 85 Kinnelon Rd is a modernized Cape with detached garage. It has 1.49 Acres on prime busy road, an ideal residential/professional location. Right around the corner is 3 Ricker Rd, a charming turn-of-the-century Cape with detached garage on a peaceful quiet 1/2 Ac. Both have deep wells. Kinnelon Rd house has septic. 3 Ricker Rd has cesspool but owner will be responsible for a new septic. Currently there are tenants in both houses.
Listing Courtesy of TERRIE O'CONNOR REALTORS


text:
Fix and document iOS Class to connect with SOAP style Web Services
- Status Closed
- Budget £20 - £250 GBP
- Total Bids 10
Project Description
I have a prototype project written using Xcode for iOS that attempts to log in to a web site that is currently under construction, using an existing web service.
I need the following;
Task List
Run Test on [url removed, login to view] native SOAP web service – (This new service allows users to log in to the web site that is currently under construction – we need to prove this works).
I have example 'solution' from the developer of the service that will run in Visual Studio which I can supply – please only bid for this project if you have [url removed, login to view] resource/experience and can carry out this test.
Take my iPhone App 'log in' prototype, featuring a third party written SOAP handler which currently does not work with the log in service and fix/replace it so that it does.
Provide a test example Xcode project that uses the finished SOAP class with another test Web Service e.g.
[url removed, login to view]
Show how to use the SOAP class with a 'step by step' guide in written english or better still a video showing how the test iOS project was built, the SOAP class added and interface to the SOAP classes were added to send/receive messages from the service.
Milestone payments will be made thus;
Test Service 5%
Fix SOAP Class 37.5%
Example of Use 37.5%
Communication Bonus 20%
Comms Bonus is paid to Freelancer who provides status updates at agreed intervals (too many 'disappear' without explanation for prolonged intervals!)Get free quotes for a project like this
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text:
Don't mention that S word - my first reaction is to get up and walk out of the room when I hear it!
have you tried looking at the Beretta (yes the gun manufacturer) jackets?
And yeah alpha industries run way large so i hear.
If heart is set on aspesi then yeah get it !
The olive green one right?
time to invest in some galoshes/ LL Bean duck boots?
TBM Get the olive; got a navy field jacket a few years back and regretted it after the first 3 months (sadly not aspesi); and in other news got my Luxire shirts!!! They fit like a glove #fuck yeah


text: I shall be working on some pending projects for the time being, so I won't be able to take requested artworks for a while. But once I'm done with these projects, I'll be available to take more requests. I promise! Thank you everyone for understanding and sorry for the little inconvenience. See you around!


text:
Wego.com recently found 210 hotels in Jiashan, China. Book last minute hotel or find great hotel deals such as Jiashan Luoxingge Hotel for US$58 per night. Save more on cheap hotels with rates from as low as US$16 per night.
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text:
Given how nice this one turned out, I'm keeping my fingers crossed to
get some half sibs from one of these (to get some more color diversity
along with rebloom probability) -
DECADENCE (Barry Blyth, R. 2001). Sdlg. H83-G. TB, 38" (96 cm), M.
LOOKING BEAUTIFUL (Barry Blyth, R. 2002). Sdlg. H83-A. TB, 38" (97 cm), EM.
LOVE ACTUALLY (Barry Blyth, R. 2004). Sdlg. H83-L. TB, 38" (97 cm), ML.
I don't have HELLO IT'S ME (Barry Blyth, R. 2002). Sdlg. H83-K. TB, 36"
(91 cm), EM - another sib possibility.
EASY LIVING (Barry Blyth, R. 2002). Sdlg. H83-C. TB, 38" (97 cm), EM. &
it has a nice stalk coming along - looking at bloom width on "easy
wide", I want to put pollen from it on <all> my retro looking kids.


text:
The Wigan manager, Roberto Martinez, believes his side have gained some much-needed momentum to help get their fight for survival under way.
Wednesday night's goalless draw against Liverpool followed a 1-1 result against Chelsea at the weekend and took Wigan's haul from six matches to nine points, with just one defeat in that time so that they have clawed themselves off the bottom of the Premier League and are now just four points off 13th-placed Fulham.
"We have a bit of belief and a bit of momentum, more than we had five weeks ago," Martinez said. "In that period of eight defeats we did many good things individually but we never reached a level as a team with real belief and confidence and understanding of each other which allows you to play well and get the result.
"I only think we have played badly twice this season and that is something for us to adjust. The other games we have played well but it is not enough to play well – you have to be ruthless, defend like lions when you have to and be a team, and we showed all those attributes against Liverpool and that makes me proud.
"We keep working on the training ground and growing as a team and that allows us to have nights like yesterday.
"As a football club we want to be in the best league in the world and to have the two performances we have had against Chelsea and Liverpool I am sure the fans will be extremely proud."
The display against Liverpool was a demonstration of what Wigan are capable of when in top form. Having weathered a storm from the visitors in the opening 20 minutes, they got themselves back into the game and finished the first half the strongest. The running of Victor Moses caused Liverpool's defence problems all night and Martin Skrtel was fortunate not to concede a penalty when he appeared to connect with the winger midway through the opening period.
A rapid, 60-yard run by Moses at the heart of the Liverpool back four caused panic and goalkeeper Jose Reina had to punch away the 21-year-old's shot.
Five minutes into the second half Wigan conceded a penalty when Gary Caldwell's arm stopped Luis Suarez's overhead kick, but Ali Al Habsi saved from Charlie Adam, Liverpool's fourth missed spot-kick from five this season.
In an open and entertaining game, Wigan posed numerous threats to leave Martinez full of praise for his players. "It is not as if Liverpool had a bad day or were not physically strong or had players missing," the Spaniard said. "They showed why they have such a fantastic record away from home and defensively why they are a solid unit. But for us it is another step forward. The performance was at the level we expect and that makes me very proud."
Next for Wigan is a Boxing Day trip to face Manchester United, to whom they have lost all of their 13 meetings. "It is one of the hardest places to go in this league but we will enjoy the feeling after the Liverpool game, have a nice Christmas and then go into the game at Old Trafford," Martinez said.Reuse content


text:
Swedish Meatballs with Cream Sauce
These meatballs, drizzled with cream sauce, are light, juicy, and quick to disappear. You can also serve them as a main course, with mashed potatoes, lingonberry sauce, and quick-pickled cucumbers.
- Prep:
- Total Time:
- Yield: Makes 72
- 2 large eggs, lightly beaten
- 1/2 cup heavy cream
- 1 tablespoon plus 1 teaspoon coarse salt
- 1 teaspoon freshly ground pepper
- 2 1/2 pounds ground beef
- 1/4 pound ground pork
- 1/4 pound ground veal
- 1 cup finely ground fresh breadcrumbs
- 1 1/2 cups boiled, peeled, and mashed potatoes (from 1 1/2 pounds russet potatoes; use a ricer for best results)
- 1/4 cup grated onion (from 1 small onion)
- 1 tablespoon extra-virgin olive oil
Cream Sauce
- 2 cups heavy cream
- 1 tablespoon soy sauce
- 1/2 teaspoon coarse salt
- 1/8 teaspoon freshly ground pepper
- Pickled Beets
- Quick-Pickled Cucumbers
- Lingonberry sauce (optional; ikea-usa.com) or cranberry sauce
Meatballs: Stir together eggs, cream, salt, and pepper in a large bowl. Mix in ground meats, breadcrumbs, potatoes, and onion with your hands. Cover, and refrigerate at least 1 hour and up to overnight.
Preheat oven to 350 degrees. Form meatball mixture into 1 1/4-inch balls, and place on a rimmed baking sheet.
Preheat a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add oil. Working in batches (do not crowd skillet), brown meatballs all over, about 30 seconds on each side. Transfer to another rimmed baking sheet, and bake 20 minutes.
Cream sauce: Meanwhile, add cream to drippings in skillet, and simmer until reduced by half, 25 to 27 minutes. Add soy sauce, and simmer until sauce coats the back of a spoon, about 5 minutes. Stir in salt and pepper. Transfer meatballs to a platter, and drizzle with cream sauce. Serve with beets, cucumbers, and lingonberry sauce.


text:
According to the latest reports, Edy Reja wants to lead Lazio one last time against Fiorentina on Sunday, but Gigi De Canio is ready to take over.
The Coach tended his resignation on Wednesday and held today's training session, but a meeting with President Claudio Lotito did not go ahead.
Instead, it's claimed they communicated via phone this evening and Reja asked to have one final game at the helm on Sunday.
However, President Lotito has already agreed terms with De Canio and is even ready to announce the new Coach tonight.
According to Sky Sport Italia, Lotito is currently travelling for a meeting with Reja that will decide the situation.
Keep up to date with the latest news and action from Spain's Primera Division with Football Espana - from the team behind Football Italia.


text:
Call (888) 651-9785
June 2016
The boat was beautiful. The food was fabulous!! The staff was very pleasant. It was an incredibly wonderful experiece!!
May 2016
Susan knows her subject well and was very accommodating in matching our particular wants.
The last 2/3 weeks of persistent rain makes walking tours unacceptable - a wet weather option must be made available.
July 2015
Excellent experience! Highly recommend. The cruise staff were extremely courteous and very good at what they do. The food was exceptional as well. Overall, an unforgettable experience.
May 2014
It was wonderful the staff was great.
March 2014
Great- music and food good . pleasant staff. waiter could have come by a little more but they were fast when they did bring something requested. would recommend to others. What is the cost for children under 1 year
July 2013
Great food, great views, great boat and wonderful staff
Cathy A USA
July 2012
excellent trip, wonderful crew, food , music and sights
July 2011
One of the very best. SO VERY HAPPY WE DID THIS!
Debbie B Australia
July 2011
What a great way to see washington from the water. The service and food was just the best, would do it again.
Bonnie G USA
June 2010
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text:
Catalog #: 16100.4516
Ox Part #: GM10273-30
Locker on demand! OX Off Road now has three great ways to engage and disengage their locker systems. The Ox Lockers are made from some of the strongest materials produced here in the USA. Included with the OX lockers is one of the most rugged heavy duty differential covers on the market, with a lip free design to protecting your vehicle and gears from trail hazards. . A four pinion design is used doubling the strength of internal gears. Our special back cut locking gear design ensures your locker stays engaged even under extreme torque loads. You have the control at your finger tips. Shift Actuation Systems and Cables are required and purchased separately.
Made in USA.
Made in USA.
The thick machined differential cover material acts as a platform from which the fork engages the locker and its super tough design protects your pumpkin from trail hazards. There's also a threaded drain plug to simplify fluid changes. The Ox Locker System is aircraft quality CNC machining at it's finest. This technology has withstood the test of time in rigorous off-road conditions and is now available to the consumer. The Ox Locker System will engage every time on demand. Shift Actuation Systems and Cables are required and purchased separately. Made in USA.
- Lockers are made of 8620 forged and heat treated steel.
- Four spider gear design on all OX Lockers.
- Forged Steel Ramped Differential Cover.
- Back Cut gear tooth design for locking ring and locking gear.
- Axle Model: GM 10 Bolt
- Axle Position: Rear
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text:
Tommy Bahama
'Garden of Hope & Courage' Silk Campshirt
Product not available
Have questions?
Chat with us or call 1.888.282.6060.
HideDetails & Care
Lush foliage lends soft tropical style to a sophisticated spread-collar shirt cut from pure, airy silk.
- Chest pocket.
- Straight hem.
- Approx. length from shoulder: 29 1/2".
- Measurements taken from a size Medium and may vary slightly by size.
- Silk; machine wash.
- By Tommy Bahama; imported.
- Men's Sportswear.


text: Accepting only Mainland Chinese citizens, Quzhou Jiujiu Business Hotel offers accommodation in Kecheng District. It is located only a 7-minute walk from Fangmen Pedestrian Street. Free WiFi is available in all areas. The hotel is a 15-minute drive from Quzhou Railway Station. Jiulong Lake Scenic Area is located a 40-minute drive away. It takes 55 minutes to drive to Quzhou Airport. The guestrooms at the property are all equipped with air conditioning and a flat-screen TV. Guests may find an electric kettle. Every room also comes with a private bathroom fitted with shower. Other Comforts include slippers, free toiletries and towels. Jiujiu Business Hotel Quzhou has daily maid service. Parking is available for free.


text:
- Products
- Spares & Accessories
- Special Offers & Discounts
- Instruction Booklets
- Support
- Blog
- Redefine by Morphy Richards
- Cooking and Baking
- Floor Care
The 6.5L Sear and Stew slow cooker allows you to create meals with the added benefit of being able to sear the meat in the same pan. The light weight, non-stick coated pot is durable and dishwasher safe so cleaning up afterwards is easy.
Hob proof cooking pot
To sear and slow cooker in the same potCooking pot and glass lid dishwasher safe
For easy cleaning
Toughened glass lid
To monitor cooking
Shatter proof cooking pot
For peace of mind
Please note this product is not suitable for use on Induction Hobs.
Capacity: 6.5L
Settings: 3
Functions: Low, Medium, High
Separate Cooking Pot: Yes
Dishwasher Safe: Cooking Pot & Glass Lid
Power: 290W
Cool Touch Handles: Yes
Digital Display: No
Clear Lid: Yes
There are 2 levels of delivery for products on this website24 Hr Delivery
24 Hr delivery is charged at £4.99
Free delivery is available on product orders. This can take up to 7 working days to be delivered.NB If you order a product and a spare or accessory in the same order you will not be charged delivery and 24 Hr delivery is not available.
As part of our measures to deter fraudulent credit card transactions we will only deliver to the registered credit card address.Delivery Queries
If you have any queries relating to your order you can contact our Consumer Care Team, quoting your order reference number, who will be happy to answer your queries.


text:
OLED is an emerging display technology that enables beautiful and efficient displays and lighting panels. Thin OLEDs are already being used in many mobile devices and TVs, and the next generation of these panels will be flexible and bendable.
Different kinds of flexibility
When we talk about flexible OLEDs, it's important to understand what that means exactly. A flexible OLED is based on a flexible substrate which can be either plastic, metal or flexible glass. The plastic and metal panels will be light, thin and very durable - in fact they will be virtually shatter-proof.
The first range of devices that use flexible OLED displays are not really flexible from the user perspective. The device maker bends the displays, or curves it - but the final user is not able to actually bend the device. Besides the beautiful designs, a flexible OLED has several advantages especially in mobile devices - the displays are lighter, thinner and more durable compared to glass based displays.
Second generation flexible OLED devices may indeed be flexible to the final user. Finally, when the technology is ready, we may see OLED panels that you can fold, bend or stretch. This may create all sorts of exciting designs that will enable large displays to be placed in a mobile device and only be opened when required.
Flexible OLED products
In October 2013, following many years of development and prototype demonstrations, both Samsung and LG Display finally started producing flexible AMOLED displays on plastic (polyimide) substrates. Both Korean companies are now mass producing such displays, which are being used in mobile phones and wearable devices - such as the Galaxy S7 Edge (shown below), the LG G Flex 2 and Apple's Watch.
Samsung Display is currently producing flexible OLEDs in two production lines, the A2 5.5-Gen line with a capacity of only 8,000 substrates per month and the newer A3 Gen-6 line that has a capacity of 15,000 monthly substrates. Samsung is currently producing around 9 million flexible OLEDs per month - to satisfy demand for the S7 edge and other devices. LG Display currently produces plastic-based OLEDs in its Gen-4.5 fab, and is investing $900 million to build a Gen-6 line.


text:
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Japanese contemporaries uniform experiment drop a new trailer for the brand's upcoming Fall/Winter 2011 collection. The piece is just a short snippet of what's in store for the new season. Stay tuned for a more complete look once July 30, 2011 rolls around. Enjoy!


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Season 5, Episode 15 | Published 04-08-14
Lea turns the questions on the host of Broadway Baby Brain Busters, Darren Criss. How will he do?
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text:
Real Techniques by Samantha Chapman Blush Brush
294 reviews
76% would repurchase
Package Quality: 4.2
Price: $$
Package Quality: 4.2
Price: $$
Where to Buy
Start your review
on 2/25/2017 3:07:00 PM
Age: 44-55
Skin: Combination, Medium, Warm
Hair: Brown, Wavy, Medium
Eyes: Brown
I find this brush works better when used for applying/blending bronzer, or powder contour.. I have pretty much every RT brush that there is, and I love them all. I also sometimes use this brush to apply my TheBalm powder foundation for a quick no fuss/light application...I much prefer my Ecotools blush brush, or RT stippling brush for blush application.
on 2/21/2017 2:40:00 PM
Age: 19-24
Skin: Dry, Fair-Medium, Neutral
Hair: Brunette, Straight, Medium
Eyes: Brown
This a lovely brush, the bristles are very gentle on the skin and it does not shed when you wash it. It's also very reasonably priced at £10 and is overall a very pretty brush (if appearance is important to you). However, I don't think this is good for blusher. It's far too big and applies the product too to much of the face.
I do think this is an amazing powder brush though, that's how I use it and because it's duo fibre, it doesn't pack on too much product, avoiding a powdery, cakey looking face.
Overall, yes, I would recommend this, as a powder brush but no, I wouldn't recommend this as a blush brush. I think smaller blush brushes are better as you can get a more controlled application, something you can't achieve with this.
on 2/21/2017 2:24:00 PM
Age: 56 & Over
Skin: Other, Other, Not Sure
Hair: Other, Other, Other
Eyes: Other
I agree with other reviewers that this brush doesn't work well for blush. It's just too big. That said, it is a very good powder brush and I use it for that. It applies just the right amount Chanel Double Perfection powder foundation.
on 2/9/2017 6:22:00 PM
Age: 56 & Over
Skin: Combination, Olive, Not Sure
Hair: Brown, Other, Other
Eyes: Brown
I've read so many beauty bloggers who've "raved" about this brand being the next best thing to sigma. Have to disagree. This is a horrible brush. It fell apart on the first washing, not to mention the numerous horrid applications of product...Big Never Again Purchase for me.
on 2/9/2017 4:01:00 PM
Age: 25-29
Skin: Combination, Fair-Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Black, Other, Other
Eyes: Brown
I dont know if its only me. But my blush is patchy using this brush. I wasted money
on 2/4/2017 10:03:00 AM
Age: 36-43
Skin: Sensitive, Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Blond, Other, Other
Eyes: Blue
I was confused when I opened the package and saw how large this is- seemed big for a blush brush. I use it for a highly pigmented blush- this brush gives me a wash of color and looks subtle. I like to use this brush for bronzer. The tapered head helps me place the product and it's a breeze to blend. For a synthetic brush, it's very soft. I am impressed with most of the RT brushes and this is no exception.
on 1/22/2017 3:55:00 PM
Age: 25-29
Skin: Normal, Medium, Neutral
Hair: Black, Straight, Medium
Eyes: Black
I loved this for a while but I agree with the below reviewer. It's not amazing with blush. Maybe when you first get it, it works great but after a few washes the bristles get a bit scratchy and it applies blush patchy and not perfectly even? I always find I have to go back in with my buffer brush to make sure everything is perfectly blended after I use this.
on 12/20/2016 7:57:00 AM
Age: 36-43
Skin: Dry, Fair, Warm
Hair: Blond, Wavy, Fine
Eyes: Green
I've had this for over a year and I just don't like it. Something about the shape makes it so I never get an even application of blush, and then I can't blend it out. I love my other RT brushes, but I'm retiring this one as soon as I find a better one.
on 12/20/2016 12:59:00 AM
Age: 25-29
Skin: Combination, Fair-Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Black, Other, Other
Eyes: Black
This is so soft, I use this to apply blush, powder, bronzer...anything, the finish is so natural, besides, this one pick up products not that much, so it will not lead to heavy makeup look, cons is that you need to do several times to achive what you want
on 11/15/2016 3:54:00 AM
Age: 36-43
Skin: Sensitive, Fair, Neutral
Hair: Blond, Straight, Medium
Eyes: Blue
This brush is affordable for most budget-conscious people and although it could be softer, the quality is better than some of the synthetic brushes I've tried from other brands. I recall a brush from Morphe and another from Bare Minerals that would shed profusely and had to be tossed after a few months. I am gentle when I clean brushes and dry them upside down, so my brushes rarely shed unless they are poorly made. I have some amazing brushes from Trish McEvoy that are more than fifteen years old that are in impeccable condition, but they were far more expensive than this. Real Techniques products tend to be good bargains.
1) It's cheap – 8.99.
2) It's great for applying bronzer, especially to larger areas.
3) Can be used as a powder brush to set foundation with loose powder.
4) Easy to clean. Dries quickly.
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1) Despite the fact that it's named the "Blush Brush," it's too big for me to use it as a blush brush. It should be called a bronzer brush.
2) Sometimes I wish it were softer. I have other brushes that are more luxurious than this (but naturally they cost more).
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PhoneDog's innovative comparison tool can help you save on cell phones and plans. Find the best phone and plan for you today with PhoneDog!
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Canon EOS-1D X unveiled, coming March 2012
The rumours have been flying around, and only yesterday was it almost certain that Canon would be launching its followup to the 1D Mark IV today (18 October). Needless to say the new Canon EOS-1D X looks like a beast, and if specs are anything to go by it should be able to take a sizeable chunk out of the competition.
Leading the way is a full-frame 18.1-megapixel CMOS sensor with up to 12fps and 14fps high speed mode. The 100-51200 ISO looks none too shoddy and a high-precision 61 point AF system, featuring 41 high sensitivity cross type sensors, should deliver some fast and accurate focusing.
And fast is exactly what the Canon EOS-1D X should be as it has not one, but two dual DIGIC 5 processors; expect this to be working hard to keep the noise levels down.
Your video shooting is taken care of by way of Full HD (1080p) capabilities, whilst a range of user selectable controls on the EOS-1D X such as exposure, frame rates, audio and compression control should give you plenty of flexibility.
A 100,000 pixel RGB AE metering system with a dedicated DIGIC 4 processor will hopefully give some natural results to your photography and a high-resolution 1,040k-dot 3.2-inch Clear View II LCD screen allows for accurate review of images and video - it's also described a "superbly durable".
Rounding off the high-end Canon DSLR is a 1GB ethernet connection so you can stream all your lovely pics to a suitable PC or Mac.
The Canon EOS-1D X will set you back $6,800 and will be available in March 2012.
With the professional end of Canon's DSLR updated, it's not unreasonable to expect updates featuring the DIGIC 5 processor rolling down the semi-pro range in 2012. We'd put our bets on a Canon EOS Mk 5 vIII or a Canon EOS 8D.
UPDATE: We've added Canon's promo video below if you want a glossy talk through of the new pro camera.
Looking forward to the new Canon? Excited about the specs? Let us know what you think in the comments below...
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Last Monday, Pregardien was billed to sing Lieder by Schubert and Schumann's Dichterliebe with the exciting period keyboard specialist Andreas Staier. Staier was replaced by Michael Gees playing the usual Steinway, but any disappointment on one level was more than compensated by delight and surprise on another. These 55 minutes would have been an education to anyone who still, in this enlightened day and age, thinks that the pianist in Lieder is secondary to the singer.
Not that Gees was good news absolutely all the time. In Schubert's Der Musensohn, he pounced on the accents so hard he destroyed any sense of rhythmic buoyancy; Pregardien must have found it hard to get airborne against this choppiness and though not actually out of time with each other, pianist and singer seemed far apart in feeling. In Erlkonig, on the other hand, Gees kept his eyes fixed on Pregardien throughout, heedless of the score or his hands, and the two men seemed to fuse. When Pregardien pushed his tone, at the start of this miniature drama, his voice seemed a bit tinny and small; but as he varied its colour, he was more impressive, producing a good bassy quality for the father's responses, and ringing out wonderfully for the boy's last appeal. In Erster Verlust I'm sure Gees didn't mean to upstage Pregardien but, in effect, that is what he did, because his sensitivity to nuances showed precisely what was lacking in the singer's rather stiff performance.
Schumann's Dichterliebe, 16 settings of Heine's love poems, was ideal for the two as a team, because the voice so often leaves the final word to the pianist. If I had to choose the loveliest song in the world, I should find it hard to beat the fifth of the cycle - Ich will meine Seele tauchen, in which the piano floats a descant above the voice part and then takes over when the singer falls silent. Gees was delicate, tender, then swelled with real ardour at the end, and Pregardien's perfectly tuned simplicity made for a performance you could hardly have bettered.
Ich grolle nicht was taken quite gently, very well sung against discreetly cushioned strumming on the piano - no pounding from Gees here. But in the next song, Und wussten's die Blumen, Pregardien showed an unyielding, wooden quality, as if the pain expressed in the words triggered a stiffening of musical feeling, and in Das ist ein Floten und Geigen, he started to ham up the implied drama, hands stretched out to grip the piano behind him, as if he had just seen a ghost. For the most part, he did not look very expressive, but rather like a machine for singing, so perhaps radio listeners created a better image for themselves.Reuse content


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Prakash escapes from troubled waters
It's a great time for Prakash Raj. His most-awaited trilingual movie 'Un Samaiyal Araiyil' directed by the actor-producer will be simultaneously released in Telugu and Kannada as well. The film stars Sneha opposite him in female lead with maestro Ilayaraja scoring music. While the film will be hitting screens shortly, Prakash Raj is now out of the troubled waters with the issues pertaining to his clash with an assistant director during the shoot of Aagadu. After the production council happened to hear the issues from the perspective of both the parties, they have sorted out the issues amicably. So, there would be no ban for the veteran actor Prakash Raj anymore in the Telugu industry.


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Teaching is at the heart of nursing. You could help build the next generation of nurses by sharing the lessons from your practical and academic experience as a nurse educator. Programs like Herzing's MSN nurse educator program empowers you to fulfill the ongoing, vital need for quality instructors in the field.
You may find opportunities in hospitals, private practice, universities or even in first and secondary education. Whether you want to make the shift full time into education or part-time, a MSN nurse educator degree from Herzing provides you with the knowledge that you need for the next stage in your nursing career. Being a nurse is a rewarding career, as is being a teacher – imagine doing both.
MSN Nurse Educator Program Highlights
- CCNE-accredited*
- 36-credit fully online nursing education program
- Learn from expert nurse educators with a passion for mentoring tomorrow's generation of nurses
Whether your calling is educating tomorrow's nurses in a faculty position, or branching out into industry, nurse educator programs like Herzing's MSN-NE program will prepare you for a number of positions in a variety of workplaces.
How long will the Nurse Educator program take?
The average length of time to complete Herzing's nurse educator program is 4 semesters (16 months) when attending full-time and completing a minimum of 9 credits per semester. Classes are taught in 8-week sessions and are 100% online - perfect for busy RNs. Online MSN education programs like those offered by Herzing provide a way to balance your education and other commitments because you have the flexibility to log into your virtual classroom when it's convenient for you. And like Herzing's local campuses, you can expect the personalized attention and support that Herzing is known for as you prepare for the next chapter in your nursing career.
Ready to take the Next Step?
Apply online, chat with an advisor or call 1-800-596-0724 to learn more about the Herzing University MSN-Nursing Educator online program.
Not all programs approved in all states. Applicants should check with their applicable state board of nursing before enrolling in any graduate nursing program.
*The Master of Science in Nursing programs offered by Herzing University Online are accredited by the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE, One Dupont Circle, NW, Suite 530, Washington DC 20036, 202-887-6791, www.aacn.nche.edu/ccne-accreditation).


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2-Mercaptobenzothiazole is used for detection of the equivalence point in volumetry (complexometry) and for concentration determinations in colorimetry. It is also used for the photometric determination of gold, cadmium, copper, lead and palladium. Further, it is used as a metalworking fluid, antifreeze, grease, anticorrosive agent, and adhesive. It acts as an antibacterial and antifungal. It is also employed in the rubber industry as a vulcanization accelerator. It inhibits dopamine beta-hydroxylase and biocorrosion in cooling systems, especially in the paper industry. In addition to this, it is used as a wood preservative and rubber additive.
Reagent for determination of Ag, Au, Bu, Cd, Hg, Ir, Pt, Tl.
Gries, W.; Küpper, K.; Leng, G. Rapid and sensitive LC-MS-MS determination of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, a rubber additive, in human urine. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2015, 407 (12), 3417-3423.
Balaskas, A. C.; Curioni, M.; Thompson, G. E. Effectiveness of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 8-hydroxyquinoline and benzotriazole as corrosion inhibitors on AA 2024-T3 assessed by electrochemical methods. Surf. Interface Anal. 2015, 47 (11), 1029-1039.
Gefahrenhinweise (EU): H400-H410-H302-H317
Very toxic to aquatic life. Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. Harmful if swallowed. May cause an allergic skin reaction.
Sicherheitshinweise: P261-P273-P280-P264-P270-P301+P312-P363-P321-P333+P313-P501a
Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. Avoid release to the environment. Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. Wash thoroughly after handling. Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell. Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. Specific treatment (see label). If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention. Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations.


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Milk Chocolate Foiled Hearts - if you`re looking for something romantic and chocolately... then you`ve just hit the jackpot with these...! Each heart measures 44mm across and 44m from top to bottom. - Qty In Order: 250g (8.8oz)
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Koch Records Won…
I admit that 'Curtis' will pwn everything in it's path when it is actually submitted for retail distribution, but those numbers won't matter for the second quarter of 2007. The winner for this fiscal period isn't really one artist, but the movement known as Koch Records. They single-handedly kept Hip-Hop alive this spring and even released an album from rap veterans KRS-1 and Marley Marl that proclaimed as much. No label has released as much quality Hip-Hop music as Koch has this year and the anticipation for other artists in their stable should keep them active for the rest of the year.
Let's review a short list of Koch's Hip-Hop albums so far this year…
Prodigy: Return of the Mac – This album was better than I thought it would be. Truthfully I wasn't really expecting to hear too much new spit from P and he surprised me by sounding as energetic and hungry as he did. He brought a different energy to this project then he did on the G-Unit disk. No wonder Fisty Scent was pissed off. This was the Prodigy that he paid for.
The RZA: Afro Samurai Soundtrack – Have you heard Cameo Afro? That shit is fire like a motherfucker. Somebody from Koch need to send me this album ASAP so I can review this shit.
Joell Ortiz: The Brick: Bodega Chronicles – You already know this kid is my nigga and he might have the best Hip-Hop album out right now. That joint called 'Connections' with Ras Kass and them other dudes has been my anthem for the spring. Your favorite rapper should hire Joell Ortiz to write for him.
Duke Da' God Presents: More Than Music 2 – A weedcarriers montage of already used quote unquote freestyles. If the same verse is spit in several different places it should lose it's freestyle status. I still think that Dip fans only buy bootlegs, but it's whatever whatever.
Snoop Dogg Presents: The Big Squeeze – Another weedcarriers celebration. Snoop recorded this joint in his backyard tool shed. No, he really did.
KRS-1 featuring Marley Marl: Hip-Hop Lives – As a statement to refute all the negativity and naysayers regarding Hip-Hop's demise. I enjoyed this album more than I thought I would. KRS-1 can be a little didactic with his rhyming and content but he didn't beat me over the head this time with his knowledge of Hip-Hop and when he was overbearing at least Marley Marl made the music enjoyable. You won't be disappointed if you copp this album.
DJ Khaled: We The Best – Weren't we just talking about this guy?
So far as variety of music Koch had the block on lock for the second quarter. No album other than maybe the DJ Khaled joint will do big numbers but they are all serviceable efforts and not the type of contract obligatory 12 track joints that some majors release. I think Koch will begin to become the A & R shop for the majors. Don't go to Koch to make money. Go to them to get your shit pressed and put into the streets.


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Fredericktown. Ohio Website Design - Mount Vernon, Ohio Web Design and SEO Services
Is your website gaining the amount of visitors you need? Or is it just occupying space on a server while you hope someone will drop by and notice you?
The economy is tough enough as it is and with the growing importance of high ranking in the search engines, bogus or scam SEO companies have suddenly appeared out of cyberspace to take your money but give you virtually nothing in return. Here are a few tips of what to watch for when selecting a company to help you gain higher ranking in the search engines:
No search engine optimization company that does great work for their clients will ever cold call you to attempt to gain your business; Any true SEO company who has been successful for their clients does not have to resort to cold-calling to get clients. Word of mouth travels fast in this business and most SEO companies who can actually prove real results have potential clients contacting them!
Mass e-mailing their abilities; Again, the same rule applies as with cold-calling. If the SEO company is genuine, they do not need to advertise their abilities. Potential clients will find them based on the experiences of other people who will share their views in public forums and blogs. Word of mouth travels faster than ever before.
SEO companies who guarantee you number 1 position: If you get pinned down by some supposed SEO expert on the phone, ask them for proof of this expertise other than a company name being number 1. Most company names are unique, so being ranked number one under a unique name is easy as you are the only one there, getting ranked for the marketplace or product the client is selling is the only number 1 ranking that really matters. If your company sells "envelopes" you want to be ranked highly for "envelopes" not "pink and brown envelopes".
Proving the work and who did it: The lastest scam involves bogus SEO companies who take a number one ranked website and attempt to use that as proof of their abilities. If in doubt, look at the source code of the website in question and look for a digital signature or contact the owner of the site for verification. Many website owners will inform you who is truly responsible for their success and will share that information.
Scam SEO companies who send you to their website or ask you to download a file: Never do either one! Some scam artists try to direct you to a website where they can show you faked result pages which look very real, but actually exist on their servers, not on the actual search engine itself. Others will ask you to download a file which will modify your web browser and show you false rankings. You will not realize this until you check your rankings from a different computer.
Always check the SEO company's background. How long have they been in business? How many markets do they serve? Where are they physically located? Ask for a face-to-face meeting if in doubt. A reputable company will be glad to meet with you if possible within reasonable traveling distance. Check their domain name and see how long it has existed. Many scam SEO companies change their domain name and website after a year in business, then start the scam with a new look and name.
Don't be a victim! A true SEO company is worth their weight in gold to any business. Do your research before being pressured into a long term marketing contract that does nothing but take money out of your pocket.
We Specialize in RESULTS NOT Promises!


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Personally, I'm not sure which field is worse to get into in terms of potentially losing all your money: sports or movie stardom. Granted many athletes and celebrities have little to no money problems but you'd be surprised how many dumb moves some of these folks make.
15 celebs who went bankrupt
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Congrats, you're finally ready to take the plunge! Maybe you're a new startup? Or maybe you're an existing company and tired of improvised phone systems? Whatever the case may be, R.I. Telephone is pleased to help you take your first step towards elevated communications.THAT'S ME
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Oregon City, city, seat (1843) of Clackamas county, northwestern Oregon, U.S., at Willamette Falls (40 feet [12 metres] high) and the juncture of the Clackamas and Willamette rivers. It forms part of a tri-city complex, just southeast of Portland, that includes Gladstone and West Linn. In 1829–30 John McLoughlin of the Hudson's Bay Company settled the site at an Indian village on a narrow plain backed by high cliffs. His house, built in 1845–46, is preserved as a national historic site. Laid out in 1842, Oregon City became the first territorial capital. It flourished as a supply point during the California gold ... (100 of 212 words)
Oregon City
Oregon, United States


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Evi is our best selling mobile app that can answer questions about books, music, films, conversions, history, people, places and much more.
To experience the full power of Evi you can download her app for free on iOS, Android and Kindle Fire.
September 30th in the year 2006
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Buy Report That Will Be Highly AssessedWhy Pay Someone to Write My Report for Me?
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hi all
is it possible to load files (movies, images) without interrupting MAX? The drawing in my jit.gl.render pauses everytime i load a new texture, movie or geometry.
thanks for your help
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text: OverviewBack to top Natural Factors - Acidophilus & Bifidus with Goat Milk 5 Billion Active Cells - 180 Capsules Item# :49512UPC# :068958018010 Brand:Natural Factors Size/Form:180 Capsules Servings:180 Dosage:1 Capsule(s) Natural Factors Acidophilus & Bifidus w/ Goat Milk - 5 billion active cells This synergistic combination supports intestinal tract health and contains goat milk, an excellent growth factor for beneficial micro-flora. These cultures are freeze-dried to ensure long-term stability and maximum potency. At time of manufacture guaranteed minimum 5 billion active cells per capsule.Contains no artificial preservatives, color or sweeteners; no soy, starch, wheat or yeast.


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This has been a strong rebloomer this summer. Even ones that I have replanted.I have no clue what it is since the neighbor I got from doesn't pay attention to iris origins.Jack email@example.com
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I have the same model tv and i have the same problem. I have been trying to figure out fixes but so far have had no success.
I just bought a Samsung LED LCD TV (UN46C6500), and it's great except for one issue. When playing movies in anamorphic widescreen (bars on top and bottom), the screen flashes a horizontal green line across the bottom of the screen randomly and annoyingly (often during quick camera panning). It's not an issue with cables, as I play them from a USB flash drive I plug into the back of the screen. Is anybody else experiencing a similar issue with Samsung LEDs?


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Riding lessons, youth to adult. English.
We offer rider training, horse training, trail rides, arena rides, kids and adults, individuals, groups and parties,
Beautiful indoor facility with 24 heated stalls, oversize indoor arena, lounge, two apartments, hay and equipment storage, individual turn-out pens…
Lease and lessons offered. 3 rings: 1 jumping, 1 dressage, 1 lunging. 6 paddocks.
We offer riding lessons in a variety of disciplines including dressage, jumping, and western trail riding.
Training in barrel racing, basic riding, any speed events, rodeo queening and pageantry


text: Arctic Haute Route - Tromsø to Bodø Tromsø - Bodø Come join us for Norway's most beautiful ski touring cruise – The Arctic Haute Route. You will sail on the nostalgic Hurtigruten ship MS Nordstjernen (1956), tagging along the beautiful Atlantic coastline from the Arctic capital Tromsø to Bodø - to some of the secret skiing spots of Northern Norway. Travel above the Arctic Circle in the land of the Northern Lights Mini cruise - 3 nights and 3 days of skiing Visit hidden and spectacular gems of the high north Summit to sea free skiing with certified mountain guides


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Let us help you get up and running with Connect to Web™ technology or answer your questions about this exciting new product.
The loyalty webcard master the entire customer experience! Contact us and let's discuss how this dynamic new tool might enhance your current or future loyalty programs!
Intermed Asia Ltd
6/F., Block B, Eldex Ind'l Bldg.,
21 Ma Tau Wai Road
Hung Hom, Kowloon
Patent Pending
Web and Mobile communication offer endless possibility to marketers. But to engage clients and turn them into loyal customer you need touch and emotion.
Our Webcard combines the touch and emotional appeal of the most exclusive membership cards, with an Direct link to your digital world.
From now on, your best clients are just a "plug in" away from you, leading them intuitively and playfully to your online program, where they can learn, experience and buy Again and Again.
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After having demonstrated the high performance of the paper webkey solution and sold more than 3 Million Pcs, Connect-To-Web® is about to change the rules of Loyalty Marketing, with its patented Webcard solution launching in November 2012.
Our client base is international and our solutions are already used in many industries: automobile, insurance, medical, engineering, luxury, services etc. Our Drive-to-web solutions are also being used by 11 of the 12 largest pharmaceutical companies.
Polyconcept Group is the world's largest promotional products supplier with sales of over € 650 million, 3000 employees and 35 offices on four continents.


text: Welcome to Conceptual Creative Client Services. This site is only a placeholder. Behind the scenes we are working on our clients sites and perhaps even your site. All the real magic and great information is on our main website https://www.conceptualcreative.design Why not drop by and visit us for more information. We would love to discuss your project… And hey if you sign up soon your site might just be hiding behind here as well.