text:
Speck waited to hear the first screams from upstairs before freeing himself from his protective prison. The sound of the nearby carnage made him shudder. As he headed towards the stairs, he noticed a pale reflection in one of the cages… the story continues in this second part of the Crocodyls' background devblog!
In honor of Moon Island and its new zone, accessible in the next patch, we are offering you a series of background devblogs to gradually lift the curtain on its inhabitants: this weekend, the Legend of the Crocodyls will be unveiled!
Starting today, we're going to take you behind the scenes of WAKFU regularly. On our first visit we'll be accompanied by two 2D artists, NoSocks and Pulpo, who will tell us all about their latest creations, the Moon Monsters! You'll find out more about their origins in a future publication that is more background-focused...
In group play, Cras inflicted less damage in comparison to other classes.
Soon you'll be able to discover the Divine Dimensions and enter the heart of the subject! Accompany Pandora in her adventures beyond Astrub, the World of Twelve, and even time. Set foot on unknown lands. Discover Srambad, its murders, its plots, its corruption... and so much more!
Aaah, Saharash... Its wild and abundant nature, its fresh water sources and its friendly people... Do not make that face, Saharash has not always been a dry wasteland and desert like it is today! And for proof, here are some testimonials from former residents or passing adventurers who tells us of a time that whoever less than twenty years old may not know...
The Protoflex is the new Sidekick that you can choose to have by your side starting with the next game update on March 18th... But who or what is this Protoflex? Where does he come from? This great robot of a new era…
You might have just finished Chillberg Island but you do not have the level you rub your shoulders with the Wabbits? Discover what awaits you on Saharash Island, the next new WAKFU adventure island available with the next game update on March 18th!
This devblog is going to give you more details on the Shustufft Crust Dimension which will arrive soon in WAKFU!
It's been a long time coming for the craft system to have a "small" dusting done so that it becomes a really interesting piece of WAKFU. It has now been quite a while that the GD team planned to tackle it and the task is not easy, as there is much to do, since the current craft system is a pile of gameplay layers, one on top of another. That is why, instead of trying to rebalance the current craft system and attempt to just fill the cracks, we preferred to break down the walls and rebuild based on new healthy strong foundations (hopefully you are understanding this metaphor). Forget the craft system as it is now: Our revamp will not only make a few changes, but will offer you a totally different concept!
The long-awaited revamp of the Feca will arrive with the next update, and today Grou want to share with you the planned changes! Discover later on more details on these modifications to continue to have an early dialogue and ensure that they are as close as possible to your expectations.
In this Devblog 3xited (aka Exi) will explain the experience revamp that will be implemented in WAKFU. Why this revamp? How does it work? What purpose does it serve? Find all the answers here!
A few weeks ago, we revealed the Multiman, and the Sidekick feature to be implemented on December 10 in WAKFU.
These Sidekicks will allow you to play up to three entities in a same time, on a single account. One of these entities will be your main character, while the other ones will be Sidekicks that can be added to your group.
Many questions were asked regarding this feature, and it is now time to shed some light.
Azael comes back with a new Letter to the Community. In this issue, he will talk about the November update, as well as the upcoming one in December.
Today Grou tells you about the novelties coming with the new revamp of Smithmagic, which will be implemented on December 10th. Why another revamp? What are the new goals? How will it work? Read the answers to these questions now.
Starting tonight at midnight (server time) Merkator welcomes you to his open cell party. Is your ticket to Alkatrool ready? Who is this Merkator?
Hello everyone! Here is the second Letter to the Community, which will now be a regular announcement that will come soon after a game update.
Today we come back to present to you the one who has mastered the art of the bubble: Decepticod!
Alkatrool the prison Island... A haven of criminal concentration as dangerous as unknown at this time. But why keeping such secrecy about the prisoners so far? What dark secret has found its home in Alkatrool?
Today, our goal is to present and explain to you the new equipment item revamp which will concern directly the level 65 + and a few level 65 - equipment items. With the help of Zeorus, discover a preview of the changes coming your way with the next update on October 8th.
Incarnam and Astrub get a makeover to better welcome all the newcomers that will be joining us starting from October 1st!
After the revamp of its Stasis branch a few weeks ago, it is now time for the Foggernaut class to go under the magnifying glass! We have tightened the screws, checked all the oil gauges and especially gave it a new shine! You will discover in the rest of this devblog, details of the planned changes. The goal is to continue to have an early dialogue with you and ensure that they are as close as possible to your expectations.
Hello everyone! From now on I will regularly (after each update if possible) publish a "Letter to the Community" to talk about WAKFU and announce important information or modification brought to our previous plans.
With the Wabbit Island out, we talked with the Community Managers about your feedback and expectations. Here's what came out of it. We tried to identify the most important subjects: we won't be able to address all demands that will be posted in the comments but we will try our best to answer.
Have you noticed this Cawwot smell in the last few weeks? It might just be because of the soon to be arrival of Wabbit Island. Designed for levels 120 and more, this place is going to bring you a lot of surprises! Loaded with mystewy, action, quests, dungeons and fiwstly... Wabbits starting August 27th!
During the last recent weeks, our reporters from the World of Twelve Gazette have worked hard under the leadership of Zezette. You may ask: "But why?". Simply in order to gather as much information to help you prepare for your future visit of the Wabbit Island and its mysteries.
Here is what we have collected through various publications of each of the Four Nations.
We will do our best to keep you informed of any new informations about this island which has been inaccessible for way too long!
The healing class of WAKFU, the Eniripsa, get its turn on the revamp table! Today we give you more details about the planned changes, to establish an early dialogue with you and ensure that they are as close as possible to your expectations.
In the next update, on July 30th, the character level cap will reach 125, and spells will be designed up to level 200! Concerning these spells, let us tell you about how these modifications will go…
Azael tells you about the new equipment rules implemented on July 30th: AP/MP limitation, stats rebalancing, replacement of sets, more unique items, relics, etc. Learn everything in this devblog!
Long awaited, the Xelor revamp is now becoming reality, and will come to the game in the upcoming update, in July. Today, we offer you a closer look at the modifications to expect.
Following the latest information revealed about Haven Worlds, we decided to sit with Azael and Fhenris for a last round of Questions.
In this Dev Diary, Azael, Fhenris and Troyle tell you about Haven Worlds and all the new experiences you will get to live with them.
We went to Azael to get him to answer the most important question we received about Haven Worlds, that will be opening their doors on June 18!
We already revealed a bit of information, but it's now time to completely unveil the modifications brought to the Guild system.
Haven Worlds are coming soon, and you probably already want to know everything there is to know about them. After all, you surely want to maximize your chances to make your guild the greatest one of the World of Twelve! Here's a Devblog that should catch your attention and help you achieve success: how to construct buildings in a Haven World!
Zeorus refused to comment his embarrassing defeat to the Dragon Pig, but agreed to tell you more about this formidable opponent and how to best prepare yourself for the showdown of May 21….
Today we will talk about an improvement that has been long awaited: Nation change!
This Devblog will introduce you to this new feature and its implementation in the game.
To a zealous son wishing to brave cold and flakes, a Frigostian would say "Stay where you are, Harebourg ain't never very far". Despite all warnings, our Heralds braved the island, and decided to break the ice before Frigost unveils to everyone!
Today Grou tells you about the novelties coming with the revamp of Smithmagic, implemented on April 16. Why a revamp? What are the goals? How does it work now? Read the answers to these questions now.
A new class revamp devblog appears, about Sadidas and Ecaflips. With these modifications applied on April 16, Eniripsas will no longer be the one and only healing class, since these 2 classes will get their own healing abilities!
Azael tells you everything about the upcoming Kama revamp deployed on April 16, including the important new feature: Kama drops!
Following our last article about Chillberg Island, we received a lot of feedback and many questions. Azael and Fhenris answer to you in a Dev Diary!
Hey you, spineless landlubbers, it's me, Capt'n Chafer! Klak Klak Klak!
Well, Colonel Vert-Beret and I are here to announce the beginning of a new era, the era of treasure hunters! So listen closely, you won't believe it…
Hello friends! Interested by a bowl of fresh air, with limited cost, all at your expense? You probably heard about my island already, the Chillberg Island! A new land full of treasures and perspective for the tough guys like you!
Since I feel generous today, I'll tell you about how things work on my ice rock. And if you stay until the end, you might even get a little discount on the taxes I set on everything you can find there. I'm sure we can agree on something, if you don't get cold feet.
This Devblog article will show you the spells of the Masqueraiders: the three branches and specialties. All you need in order to prepare your build and decide which mask you'll be wearing!
Latest addition to our class revamps Devblogs series; discover the changes brought to Rogues and Enutrofs.
Today Ourson, Tool developer for WAKFU, will show you the brand new Updater that he developed, and that should soon be in your hands…
If you own a White Crow Set, or were planning to acquire one, you might want to read this note first. The White Crow Amulet and White Crow Wings will be significantly modified in the next update.
In this article, Azael will tell you about the economy in WAKFU, and his plan to improve its impact on your daily life!
The new extension of your favorite MMO is coming out tomorrow: Krosmaster Arena! Friday we went back on all that we already communicated around the game Krosmaster Arena itself so that you have a little reminder of the rules and you can practice with the help of the tutorial before the release date. Today, we are doing a final briefing on the theme "Krosmaster Arena in WAKFU MMO" so that you have all the weapons in hand tomorrow. And finally, all the figures in hand!
Well hello there! Today, it's my turn to bring you the making of! I'm Fhenris, WAKFU Level Designer, and I'm going to serve you up a meaty portion of what we've been working on for several months now... Calamar Island!
Greetings, adventurers of the Krosmoz! Hito, at your service! I'm here to explain all about how Krosmaster will soon be available in WAKFU!
As part of our continuing endeavour to give more responsibility to the players, Haven Worlds are soon to make an appearance in WAKFU. Real worlds that can be built and managed, they are a special feature of the MMORPG universe that will demand commitment from the entire community. Let us explain!
The story of Magmog the Gobbalrog has been revealed! Discover his tragic past and begin your quest to defeat this Ultimate Boss located within the depths of the imposing volcano of Brakmar.
The next update will feature significant changes to give weapons linked to the crafting professions a new shine!
The chances are you've already heard murmurs about the new adventure island soon to appear in WAKFU: the Whispering Island. If you're desperate to know more about the strange creatures that live there (and of course when exactly you'll get to meet them for yourself!), then read on...


text:
Hey folks
We could use some guidance here. Next week we're travelling to Chicago
to watch my son graduate from basic training and since the only time I
have visited that city was when I was going somewhere else I'm looking
for a few suggestions that Linda, Jason and I would enjoy visiting. I'm
sure there isn't much in the garden line this time of year but that
wouldn't make Linda and Jason overly happy anyway. So, for you folks
that know the windy city and can make some restaurant suggestions that
would be great.
Thanks guys
To sign-off this list, send email to email@example.com with the
message text UNSUBSCRIBE GARDENCHAT

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Nobody should be surprised that rating agencies are again trying to close the barn doors after the horses have fled. But as yields on Ecuador sovereigns reached 100% on Friday, even credit default swap traders and political risk insurance principals were left wondering whether they should simply be deleting probability-driven emerging market risk pricing models from their computers.
Emerging market mutual funds manager have been deeming this year's collapse in junior equity exchanges as an undervalued opportunity. But, after the exceptionally dramatic degradation in bond default risk spreads on Ukraine, Hungary, Russia, Argentina and Ecuador in recent weeks, the question investors must ask is this: Do their asset managers really understand what formative impact the global recession will have on highly-favoured countries like China, India, Turkey, Brazil, Russia and South Africa?
On Friday, Ecuador's credit rating was cut from "B-" to "CCC-" by S&P, and from "B3" to "Caa1" by Moody's. Both rating agencies now place the recovery potential for Ecuador sovereigns due in 2012 and 2013 at zero, implying that bondholders can expect no more than 10 cents on the dollar. Both rating agencies acknowledge that Ecuador's decision to skip the coupon payment (on the 2012 bonds) due next week is more a consequence of "unwillingness" than inability to service debt; oil-exporting Ecuador has about US$2 billion cash on hand today.
What the rating agencies are belatedly recognizing is that well-argued, if not acceptable, political considerations are supporting Ecuador's default decision. On the one hand, President Rafael Correa has been stating publicly for months that he considers foreign loans secured by military dictatorships and corrupt politicians as "illegitimate" and that Ecuador has no moral or contractual obligations to comply with loan terms. On the other hand, President Correa's cabinet colleagues reiterate, almost daily, that any international commitment, made by previous administrations, which conflicts with the anti-poverty (Bolivarian) social agenda will be not be met.
Shades of Fidel Castro and Hugo Chavez? Quite clearly, yes. However, emerging market investors still need to address two questions before they heed Wall Street analysts who are continuing to issue "buy" signals. Firstly, as far as Latin America is concerned, will Nicaragua, Bolivia, Guatemala and Peru follow Ecuador's lead and encourage revisions to their sovereign bond obligations? Argentina already has its own default-to-restructure history. Secondly, will deteriorating economic and consumer conditions force non-Latin American political leaders to enact legislative changes (e.g. currency controls, food subsidies, taxation, leverage caps and protectionist measures) which will lay the foundations for a comprehensive revaluation (down) of emerging market assets?
While it is indeed critical that investors not embroil themselves in any type of ideological debate, one cannot ignore the populist nature of the thesis that the failure to diminish or eradicate poverty amongst huge proportions of third-world populations, despite IMF and World Bank interventions, is now threatening to bring real growth (not GDP numbers) in dozens of emerging economies to a grinding halt in the first half of 2009.
For that matter, why are these developing country governments being asked to implement stimulus packages if their growth rates are between 5 and 10 percent? Or, are these growth rates bogus? Remember, if a truckload of toxic chemicals spills somewhere, the money spent cleaning it up counts towards GDP. When near-famine conditions exhaust all natural sources of water, the money spent on bottled water is added to GDP. When the lack of basic preventive health care leads to serious illnesses, medical costs also contribute to GDP.
In brief, GDP, by its very nature, has the ability to convert harm and waste into positive gains, and independent, verifiable data (not government-generated statistics) shows just that; this conversion process has been rampant right across the emerging market spectrum for the better part of two decades.
Recommendation: Stay out of emerging market ETFs, or sell on rallies for healthy profits as deleveraging gathers momentum.
Disclosure: none


text:
15 Bean and Ham Soup
|Regular 15 bean soup mix
|1 Pound (or 1 (1 lb) bag cajun 15 bean soup mix)
|1 Large, chopped
|Garlic cloves
|5 Large, minced
|Canned tomatoes
|15 Ounce, crushed
|Celery stalks
|3 Large, chopped (leaves included)
|Ham hock
|2 Large (or 1 ham bone, with meat still on it)
|Dried parsley
|1 Tablespoon
|Dried rosemary
|1 Teaspoon, crushed (crush with fingertips before adding this releases the flavor)
|Cracked black pepper
|1 Teaspoon
|1 Teaspoon (or to taste)
|Olive oil
|2 Tablespoon
|Chicken bouillon cubes
|2 Medium
1. Wash the beans; put in large pot and cover with water. Bring to boil; stir and remove from heat. Cover and let sit 1 hour. After that hour, drain beans and set aside.
2. Add oil to pot. Sauté your ham hocks, onion, and celery until tender.
3. Next add garlic and sauté 2 minutes more.
4. Add your beans and cover with water (about 2 inches over top of beans).
5. Add tomatoes with the juice, parsley, rosemary, black pepper, bouillon cubes, and about 1 teaspoon of salt to start with.
6. Mix well. Bring to boil; stir, reduce heat cover and simmer for 2 to 21/2 hours or until all the sizes of the beans are tender.
7. Keep watching it and stirring it every once in a while. You may need to add more water; you want it to keep a consistency a little thicker than a soup.
8. Taste it after it cooks--you may need more salt or pepper.
9. During the last 15 minutes of cooking, add the flavor package that comes with the beans.
10. Serve by itself or over rice.
Recipe Summary
Rate It
Nutrition Rank
Nutrition Facts
Serving size
Calories 2206 Calories from Fat 1370
% Daily Value*
Total Fat 152 g234.4%
Saturated Fat 43.2 g216.2%
Trans Fat 0 g
Cholesterol 330 mg110%
Sodium 2080.3 mg86.7%
Total Carbohydrates 121 g40.4%
Dietary Fiber 45.2 g180.8%
Sugars 13.5 g
Protein 130 g260.5%
Vitamin A 27.7% Vitamin C 40%
Calcium 27.8% Iron 50.9%
*Based on a 2000 Calorie diet


text:
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.0; en-US; rv:1.9b3pre) Gecko/2008010813 Minefield/3.0b3pre
Build Identifier:
When dropping file (its name contains %) from Explorer (or desktop) to browser,
browser opens incorrect file.
Reproducible: Always
Steps to Reproduce:
1.Create file named test>%21.html in a foloder
2.Open the folder with browser.
3.Click link to test>%21.html
Actual Results:
Error (File not found) for Firefox can't find the file at test>%21.html.
Expected Results:
File should be opened.
According to DOM inspector,
Value of href of "A" element in directory view is "test>%2521.html",
So, it should be "test>%2521.html"
(In reply to comment #0)
> So, it should be "test>%2521.html"
oops, Its value should be "test>%2521.html"
(html source should be "test&gt%2521.html).
Reproduced at other HTML character entity references.
%xx is not needed.
It is also reproduced by "test"-a.html"
Replacing "&" to "&" may not work well ("&" is also spacial character for URI).
It may be better to replace "&" to "%26" is needed.
# Opera replaces & to %26 at link to file in directory list.
Confirmed with Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.9b3pre) Gecko/2008010813 Minefield/3.0b3pre ID:2008010813
using filename from comment 3: test"-a.html
Accoring to nsIndexedToHTML.cpp, this bug contains two issue.
1.HTML Escape for link is needed but not executed.
2. "&" in filename is not QUERY DELIMITER of URL.
So, It should be replaced to %26 when creating URL String ( and it should be done before HTML escape).
# May this bug causes XSS? on ftp:// or jar ?.
# (Windows does not allow " or > in filename, But Unix/linux allows. )
# If yes, this bug may be needed to change Security Sensitive.
Please set this bug as Security Sensitive.
This bug may be very dangerous.
I have forwarded your comment to email@example.com
added security sensitive flag until this is figured out.
I don't have OS that accepts '"','<','>' for filename(Windows rejects them)
But I think '"><&;+' is needed to be encoded like "%22%3E%3C%26%3B%2B" by
security and stability reason.
1. ">< may causes to enable to inject any tags into html.
2. "&" causes invalid link (Comment #3)
3-a. According to RFC, ";" is special character for URL at ftp scheme.
3-b. At "file" scheme, firefox requires ";" in filename to be escaped as "&3B".
(testcase: a;b.html)
4. Filename
causes to run script when user selects UTF-7 as character encoding.
And ,I think character encoding should no be changeable at directory list.
Current HTML Escape in directory list can not escape UTF-7 encoded "<>.
folloing filenames may be danger.
These filenames are testcase to check URL encode is valid.
I'm not sure this really needs to be security sensitive. Any potential exploit needs to get a file on the user's hard disk, and then get the user to click on it in a file:// directory listing, right? And even if they manage that, all they get to do is run script in the context of the file:// page, which isn't privileged afaik.
A more interesting scenario would be an ftp server that allows uploads and doesn't vet filenames. You'd be laying potential traps for other users of that server.
This bug is starting to cover several different issues which should be filed as sub-bugs with testcases otherwise we're likely to miss parts of the fix.
1. non-working directory links
2. tag injection
3. character-set interpretation (e.g. UTF-7), though I'm not too worried
... what else?
Reason to mark this bug as security sensitive is related as Bug 411480.
At trunk, UI of directory list is implemented by JavaScript.
If auther of ftp server (or CD-ROM,etc.) can inject to script to directory list,
both of injected scripts and UI of directory list is executed.
I filed bug 412428 for problem around ";" in file/directory/extention name (It seems to be non-security bug), and bug 412431 for UTF-7 encoded tag injection.
I started to trying to write patch.
But, There are three questions.
1. Is it needed to check result of nsEscapeHTML2(),nsEscapeHTML() and nsEscape() ?
In current source, only Line 967 checks result.
2. If it is needed to check, How should I check it and exit function ?
3. Is it needed to deallocate it using using nsMemory::Free() ?
In current source, it is used in only Line 971.
Created attachment 297644 [details] [diff] [review]
Patch rv1.0
This patch contains adds HTML escape for all "href"s
1. <base>
2.  for parent directory
3.  for members of directory.
Is it needed ui-review ?
Created attachment 297647 [details] [diff] [review]
Patch rv1.1 for Trunk
Fixed broken indent (code is no chanced).
(In reply to comment #16)
> 1. Is it needed to check result of nsEscapeHTML2(),nsEscapeHTML() and
> nsEscape() ?
> In current source, only Line 967 checks result.
> 2. If it is needed to check, How should I check it and exit function ?
> 3. Is it needed to deallocate it using using nsMemory::Free() ?
> In current source, it is used in only Line 971.
Please ignore them. Adopt contains null-check and Adopt does give the ns(C)String ownership. So, there is no memory-leaks and null-pointer exceptions.
> Created an attachment (id=297647) [details]
> Patch rv1.1
I think it will conflict to patch for Bug 411854.
Is "bug 411854" more important than this bug ?
Please fix the "htmlEscaedURL" typo, and pass the string lengths to nsEscapeHTML2 (so put the converter string on the stack, and then pass its .get() and .Length() in)?
Created attachment 306194 [details] [diff] [review]
Patch rv.1.2 for Trunk
Comment on attachment 306194 [details] [diff] [review]
Patch rv.1.2 for Trunk
>Index: netwerk/streamconv/converters/nsIndexedToHTML.cpp
>+ nsString utf16BaseUri = NS_ConvertUTF8toUTF16(baseUri);
NS_ConvertUTF8toUTF16 utf16BaseURI(baseURI);
Avoids a string copy...
Same thing in the other two places, and sr=me.
Created attachment 306224 [details] [diff] [review]
Patch rv1.3 for Trunk
but this patch seems entirely unrelated to comment 0
(In reply to comment #25)
> but this patch seems entirely unrelated to comment 0
Comment 0 contains important mistake. please see also comment 1.
Testcase of Comment 0 contains 2 bugs. (";" and "&")
(1)problem about ";" (bug 412428)
I think it is caused by mismatch of handling ";"
between URL enbcoder and URL encoder.
(2)problem about "&" (URL is not HTML escaped)
It is fixed by this patch.
Oh I see. I was confused by this part of comment 0:
>When dropping file (its name contains %) from Explorer (or desktop) to browser,
>browser opens incorrect file.
Comment on attachment 306224 [details] [diff] [review]
Patch rv1.3 for Trunk
At Trunk(1.9), Directory listing uses JavaScript for User Interface.
It is needed to disable to inject script using malformed file name.
(User believes directory listing is safe.)
Comment on attachment 306224 [details] [diff] [review]
Patch rv1.3 for Trunk
Oh, isn't this checked-in???
Masayuki: thanks for noticing the lack of progress on this bug. The "checkin-needed" volunteers generally can't see security bugs unless explicitly CC'd.
The patch still applies cleanly. Who is going to do the checkin? I can do it (since I just applied the patch), if you want. Does it only need to be checked in on trunk?
mozilla/netwerk/streamconv/converters/nsIndexedToHTML.cpp 1.92
Verified at
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.9pre) Gecko/2008041707 Minefield/3.0pre
Created attachment 317507 [details] [diff] [review]
Patch for 1.8 Branch Rev.1.0
I did't tested this patch (Only worked on text editor).
Sorry, My PC has CPU-cooler trouble. I cannot build Firefox now.
Created attachment 317510 [details] [diff] [review]
Patch for 1.8 Branch Rev.1.1
Sorry, path is not valid.
C++ source diff is same as Rev.1.0
Comment on attachment 317510 [details] [diff] [review]
Patch for 1.8 Branch Rev.1.1
If 1.8Branch does not use UTF-8 for local file path, this patch should be obsolete.
Because this patch requires local file path to be UTF-8.
(related to Bug 278161)
(In reply to comment #37)
> (From update of attachment 317510 [details] [diff] [review])
> If 1.8Branch does not use UTF-8 for local file path, this patch should be
> obsolete.
> Because this patch requires local file path to be UTF-8.
> (related to Bug 278161)
Fx2 uses UTF-8.
I have one more question.
At Linux.Unix based OS, directory name can contain double quotation '"'.
But, <base href="......"> is deleted if its base uri contains '"' (bug 358128).
Is disrectory list on file scheme works correctly on Unix/Linux based system if the directory name contains \x22 (")?
Works correctly in what sense? What needs to be tested?
Comment on attachment 317510 [details] [diff] [review]
Patch for 1.8 Branch Rev.1.1
This supposed 1.8-branch patch didn't apply to my 1.8 branch -- I am confused...
>diff -u -8 -p -r126.96.36.199 nsIndexedToHTML.cpp
Yup, that's the version I get, so how can each of the three chunks not apply?
> buffer.AppendLiteral("\n\n
");
End of the first chunk, I several lines of a big '


text:
the way the sky looked on that night,
it was so spectacular
the sunlight is just like me,you see
the sunlight seems as if it is just free
it can go wherever it wants
it can roam free in the universe
but it has obstacles that block it
it pleas for freedom just as i do
it just wants out of those places it gets blocked in the same way i just want to get out of this town
that's blocked me from so many things,
that's shielding me from the real world,
that's keeping me in hiding.the clouds hide the sunlight,
but the sky doesn't give off that happy feeling without sunlight.
© Copyright 2017 thepretender. All rights reserved.
Status: Finished
Genre: Poetry
Book / Romance
Book / Other
Book / Young Adult
Paste the link to picture in the entry below:
Paste the link to Youtube video in the following entry:
Cannot annotate a non-flat selection. Make sure your selection starts and ends within the same node.
An annotation cannot contain another annotation.
There was an error uploading your file.


text:
More Videos...
427 Windsor Stroker Start Up
SBF Windsor 427cid Engine Model - 427cid SPORTSMAN STREET SMALL-BLOCK FORD WINDSOR horsepower - 535+ HP Torque - 600 Ft Lbs Bore and Stroke - 4.030 x 4.170 Inches Compression Ratio - 10:1 Fuel - Premium pump gas Very Rough Lopey Idle Fully Balanced and Blueprinted by TBR Machine
Ford 408 windsor Stroker in 70 Mach 1 test drive
351windsor, bored & stroked to 408 with EFI 8 stack. 572 HP and 560 TRQ
V8 - Ford 351 Cleveland
This is my current project for my 1967 Mustang
530+hp 427W Stroker Ford Cobra Engine
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text:
I got rid of cable completely. I setup a Desktop PC with Windows Vista Home Premium (Vista Ultimate will work too) and use an XBox 360 as a TV receiver. Connect the XBox 360 as a Windows Media Center Extender to the Desktop PC. Purchase a Digital TV Tuner for your computer and install. Windows Media Center which is on the Desktop PC will receive signals to watch and can record shows as a DVR. This will let you get all the over the air digital signals (many in my area are in HD 1080i). The XBox 360 will then play the shows live or recorded from the Desktop PC over a home network. I found it best to get a digital TV tuner with 2 inputs connected to the same antenna so you can record 2 TV shows at the same time or watch one while recording another. Also if you have more than one TV, get another XBox 360 as a receiver and connect it to your network. If you don't want to wire your house with Ethernet cables, set yourself up with Wireless N networking and connect the XBox 360 to a Wireless N Bridge (http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16833164036) through an Ethernet cable to make it wireless.
Additionally if you are a fan of www.hulu.com or use Netflix you could purchase a program called PlayOn for 39.99 from http://www.themediamall.com/playon/ which will stream Hulu, Netflix, CBS, YouTube, CNN, and ESPN web content to your TV. This is done by installing PlayOn on your Desktop PC and using the XBox 360's Upnp client to receive the media.
The whole setup may cost a decent amount up front, but I have been using it for several months now and I am saving around $80 a month on HD cable service and the money saved from canceling cable has paid for the original setup cost.
XBox 360: $200
Desktop PC with Windows: ~$400-$600
Digital TV Tuner: ~$70-170
Network Router (Wireless N): ~$70
Is there any way to get cable HDTV without a satellite and without having to pay a monthly charge to Comcast? I would prefer to pay a one time installation and/or access charge than a monthly rate.


text:
Pathogenic effect of interleukin-17A in induction of Sjögren's syndrome-like disease using adenovirus-mediated gene transfer
DOI: 10.1186/ar3207
© Nguyen et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2010
Received: 20 September 2010
Accepted: 23 December 2010
Published: 23 December 2010
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) involves a chronic, progressive inflammation primarily of the salivary and lacrimal glands leading to decreased levels of saliva and tears resulting in dry mouth and dry eye diseases. Seminal findings regarding TH17 cell populations that secrete predominantly interleukin (IL)-17A have been shown to play an important role in an increasing number of autoimmune diseases, including SS. In the present study, we investigated the function of IL-17A on the development and onset of SS.
Adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) vectors expressing either IL-17A or LacZ were infused via retrograde cannulation into the salivary glands of C57BL/6J mice between 6 and 8 weeks of age or between 15 and 17 weeks of age. The mice were characterized for SS phenotypes.
Disease profiling indicated that SS-non-susceptible C57BL/6J mice whose salivary glands received the Ad5-IL17A vector developed a SS-like disease profile, including the appearance of lymphocytic foci, increased cytokine levels, changes in antinuclear antibody profiles, and temporal loss of saliva flow.
Induction of SS pathology by IL-17A in SS-non-susceptible mice strongly suggests that IL-17A is an important inflammatory cytokine in salivary gland dysfunction. Thus, localized anti-IL17 therapy may be effective in preventing glandular dysfunction.
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease characterized most notably by development of dry eyes and dry mouth manifestations, indicative of secretory dysfunction of the lacrimal and salivary glands [1–3]. Although the etiology of SS remains unknown, intensive studies of an ever-expanding number of animal models is beginning to unravel the genetic, molecular and immunological basis for this disease [1]. Previous studies have implicated critical roles for both interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL)-4 in the development and onset of SS-like disease in NOD/LtJ and C57BL/6.NOD-Aec1Aec2 mice [4, 5], strongly suggesting involvement of TH1 and TH2 cell populations, respectively. While IFN-γ regulates cell-mediated immunity through activation of macrophages, NK cells and CD8+ T cells, this cytokine appears to predispose these SS-susceptible mice by retarding salivary gland organogenesis, especially proliferation of acinar tissue [5]. This delay in acinar cell maturation has been postulated to prevent expression of cellular antigens at the critical time of self-tolerance, resulting in inefficient clonal deletion of acinar tissue-reactive T cells. In contrast to the role of IFN-γ both prior to and during development of SS, IL-4 appears to be essential during development of adaptive immunity and subsequent onset of glandular dysfunction. Specifically, IL-4 was shown to be necessary for proper isotypic switching, regulating B lymphocyte synthesis of pathogenic IgG1 anti-muscarinic acetylcholine type III receptor (M3R) autoantibodies [6, 7].
Although these earlier studies have implicated both TH1 and TH2 cell-associated functions in the development and onset of clinical SS, recent identification of the CD4+ TH17 memory cells within the lymphocytic focus (LF) of lacrimal and salivary glands of SSs C57BL/6.NOD-Aec1Aec2 mice, as well as minor salivary glands of human SS patients, greatly expands the potential complexity in deciphering the autoimmune response underlying SS [8, 9]. The TH17 cell population, while clearly a subset of CD4+ memory effector T cells, appears to be distinct from, and unrelated to, either the TH1 or TH2 cell lineages [10–14]. TH17 effector cells secrete at least one of the six cytokines belonging to the IL-17 family, that is, IL-17A, IL-17B, IL-17C, IL-17D, IL-25 and/or IL-17F; however, IL-17A, the signature cytokine, has received the greatest attention in studies of autoimmune diseases [15]. The IL-17 cytokines are potent pro-inflammatory molecules, actively involved in tissue inflammation via induction of pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine expressions [16]. In addition, IL-17 is involved in the mobilization, maturation and migration of neutrophils via the release of IL-8 at the site of injury [17]. Interestingly, IL-17A is known to regulate Foxp3+ TReg cells and vice versa [18].
While TH17 cells have been implicated in several autoimmune diseases (for example, Crohn's disease [19, 20], experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) [21], collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) [21], SS [8] and others [2, 3]), this characteristic may require signaling from TH1 cells already present in the lesion [3]. In any event, recent observational studies in SS patients and animal models of primary SS have identified the presence of IL-17A and its activating cytokine IL-23 in the lymphocytic infiltrates of the exocrine glands, as well as higher levels of circulating IL-17A in both sera and saliva [8], raising the question of the importance of IL-17 in SS. Thus, the goals of the present study were to determine whether IL-17A can directly influence the pathology leading to the onset of SS-like disease by administrating exogenous IL-17A to the salivary glands at specific time points.
Materials and methods
SS non-susceptible C57BL/6J mice were bred and maintained under specific pathogen-free conditions. The animals were maintained on a 12-hr light-dark schedule and provided food and acidified water ad libitum. At times indicated in the text, mice were euthanized by cervical dislocation following deep anesthetization with isoflurane, after which organs were freshly explanted for analyses. Both the breeding and use of these animals for the present studies were approved by the University of Florida's IACUC and IBC. Salivary glands of mice were cannulated with mouse IL-17A-expressing Ad5-IL17A vector using retrograde injections at either 7 weeks (wks) of age (n = 11) or 16 wks of age (n = 8). In addition, mice at 6 wks (n = 4) and 15 wks (n = 4) were randomly selected and used as pre-treated or baseline analysis. Age- and sex-matched control C57BL/6J mice (n = 10 per age group) received the Ad5-LacZ control vector using the same protocols.
Production of Ad5-LacZ and Ad5-IL17A vectors
The recombinant adenovirus vectors used in this study were generously provided by Dr. Jay K. Kolls (Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA). These vectors are based on the first generation adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) and shown to produce their appropriate and functional mouse IL- 17A and LacZ products [22–24]. To obtain sufficient viral vectors for the present studies, each recombinant vector was amplified in HEK293 cells, purified by two rounds of CsCl gradient centrifugation, then dialyzed against 100 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4), 10 mM MgCl2 and 10% (v/v) glycerol, as described elsewhere [25].
Retrograde salivary gland cannulation of Ad5-LacZ or Ad5-IL17A vectors
Previous studies have demonstrated that retrograde salivary gland cannulation is an effective method to direct local gene expression in the salivary glands [26–28]. In brief, prior to cannulation, each mouse was anesthetized with a ketamine:xylazine mixture (100 mg/mL, 1 mL/kg body weight; Fort Dodge Animal Health, Fort Dodge, IA, USA) and xylazine (20 mg/mL, 0.7 mL/kg body weight; Phoenix Scientific, St. Joseph, MO, USA)) intramuscularly. Stretched PE-10 polyethylene tubes were inserted into each of the two openings of the salivary ducts. After securing the cannulas, the mouse received an intramuscular injection of atropine (1 mg/kg), followed 10 minutes later by a slow, steady injection of viral vector. Each salivary gland received 50 μl of vector solution containing 107 viral particles). The cannulas were removed five minutes later to ensure successful cannulation.
Measurement of saliva flow
To measure stimulated saliva flow, individual non-anesthetized mice were weighed and given an intraperitoneal injection of 100 μl of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing isoproterenol (0.02 mg/ml) and pilocarpine (0.05 mg/ml). Saliva was collected for 10 minutes from the oral cavity of individual mice using a micropipette starting 1 minute after injection of the secretagogue. The volume of each saliva sample was measured. Prior to vector cannulation and again at each time-point designated in the text, saliva and sera were collected from each mouse. Samples were stored at -80°C until analyzed.
Determination of cytokines levels
Measurements of IL-6 and IL-17A cytokine levels in sera samples were performed by an independent contractor (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) using Luminex® platform.
Intracellular cytokine staining and flow cytometric analysis
Spleens were freshly explanted, gently minced through stainless steel sieves, suspended in PBS and centrifuged (1,200 rpm for five minutes). Erythrocytes were lysed by seven-minute incubation in 0.84% NH4Cl. The resulting leukocyte suspensions were washed two times in PBS, counted and resuspended inculture media (RPMI 1640 medium, 10% FBS, 2 mM L-glutamine, 0.05 mM β-mercaptoethanol) at a density of 2 × 106 cells/ml. One million cells were pipetted to individual wells of a 24-well microtiter plate pre-coated with anti-CD3 (10 μg/ml) and anti-CD28 antibodies (2 μg/ml) for T cell activation. Cells were incubated for five hours with Leukocyte Activation Cocktail containing GolgiPlug (2 μl/ml). Collected cells were fixed and permeabilized using Cytofix/CytopermFixation/Permeabilization. Flow cytometric acquisition for intracellular staining was performed following staining with PE-Cy5-conjugated anti-mouse CD4, FITC-conjugated anti-IFN-γ and PE-conjugated anti-IL-17AA. The cells were counted on a FACSCalibur (BD, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) and analyzed by FCS Express (De Novo Software, Los Angeles, CA, USA).
Following euthanasia, whole salivary glands containing submandibular, sublingual, and parotid glands were surgically removed from each mouse and placed in 10% phosphate-buffered formalin for 24 hrs. Fixed tissues were embedded in paraffin and sectioned at 5 μm thickness. Paraffin-embedded sections were de-paraffinized by immersing in xylene, followed by dehydrating in ethanol. The tissue sections were prepared and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) dye. Stained sections were observed under a microscope for glandular structure and leukocyte infiltration determination. A double-blinded procedure was used to enumerate leukocytic infiltrations (lymphocytic foci) in the histological sections of salivary glands. Lymphocytic foci (LF) were defined as aggregates of >50 leukocytes quantified per each histological section. Calculations were based on one histological section per mouse.
Immunofluorescent staining for CD3+T cells and B220+B cells
Histological sections of salivary glands were incubated with rat anti-mouse B220 (BD Pharmingen, San Jose, CA, USA) and goat anti-mouse CD3 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA), followed by incubation with Texas Red-conjugated rabbit anti-rat IgG (Biomeda, Foster City, CA, USA) and FITC-conjugated rabbit anti-goat IgG (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). The slides were mounted with DAPI-mounting medium (Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA, USA). Sections were observed at 200X magnification using a Zeiss Axiovert 200 M microscope.and images were obtained with AxioVs40 software (Ver. 184.108.40.206, Zeiss) (Carl Zeiss, Thornwood, NY, USA). Enumeration of B, T cells and total number of nuclei in the LF were performed using Mayachitra imago software (Mayachitra, Inc, Santa Barbara, CA, USA).
Immunohistochemical staining for IL17A in salivary glands
Immunohistochemical staining for IL17A were carried out as previously described [8]. In brief, paraffin-embedded salivary glands were deparaffinized by immersion in xylene, followed by antigen retrieval with 10 mM citrate buffer, pH 6.0. Tissue sections were incubated overnight at 4°C with anti-IL-17A antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology). Isotype controls were done with rabbit IgG. The slides were incubated with biotinylated goat anti-rabbit IgG followed by horseradish peroxidase-conjugated strepavidin incubation using the Vectastain ABC kit. The staining was developed by using diaminobenzidine substrate (Vector Laboratories), and counterstaining was performed with hematoxylin. Sections were observed at 200X magnification using a Zeiss Axiovert 200 M microscope. And images were obtained with AxioVs40 software (Ver. 18.104.22.168, Zeiss) (Carl Zeiss). Enumeration of IL17A-positive cells was performed on the entire histological sections of the whole salivary glands using Mayachitra imago software (Mayachitra, Inc.), although lymphocytic infiltrations are normally seen only in the submandibular glands.
Detection of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in the sera
ANA in the sera of mice were detected using HEp-2 ANA kit (INOVA Diagnostics, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA). All procedures were performed per manufacturer's instructions. In brief, HEp-2 fixed substrate slides were overlaid with appropriate mouse sera diluted 1:40, 1:80 and 1:160. Slides were incubated for one hour at room temperature in a humidified chamber. After three washes for five minutes with PBS, the substrate slides were covered with Alexa 488-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (H/L) (Invitrogen Inc, Carlsbad, CA, USA) diluted 1:100 for 45 minutes at room temperature. After three washes, fluorescence was detected by fluorescence microscopy at 200X magnification using a Zeiss Axiovert 200 M microscope and all images were obtained with AxioVs40 software with constant exposure of 0.3 seconds (Carl Zeiss). Negative controls are secondary antibody only and positive controls are standard serum with nuclear speckled pattern provided with the kits. Data presented in the results are from slides using 1:40 dilutions of sera from each experimental group.
Statistical analyses
Statistical evaluations were determined by using the Mann-Whitney U test generated by the GraphPad InStat software (GraphPad Software, La Jolla, CA, USA). The two-tailed P-value < 0.05 was considered significant.
Induction of IL-17A and IL-6 cytokine levels in sera following transduction with Ad5-IL17A vector
Adenoviral vectors have been reported to show peak gene expressions around Day 5 post-infusion and then persist for approximately two weeks [29]. In the current study, immunohistochemical staining for the presence of LacZ protein in the infused salivary glands demonstrated that optimal transduction efficiency was approximately 26 ± 5% at two weeks post-infusion which decreased to 15 ± 3% by nine weeks post-infusion. The cells within the salivary glands positive for LacZ expression were predominantly ductal cells, as expected, and acinar cells (data not shown), indicating the virus was capable of passing through the ducts.
Increased numbers of IL-17A-producing CD4+ T cells in the spleens of Ad5-IL17A transduced mice
As mentioned previously, salivary glands were cannulated with Ad5-IL17A vector at either 7 wks or 16 wks of age. The time points chosen are based on extensive studies of the development and onset of disease in our C57BL/6.NOD-Aec1Aec2 mouse model of SS [1–3, 30, 31]. The two time points selected represent the innate and adaptive immune response phases, respectively, in the disease model, thus they were chosen to mimic these changes in the parental C57BL/6 mouse. Microarray analyses examined the temporal differential gene expression of salivary and lacrimal glands of C57BL/6 mice revealed gradual change in pathophysiological related genes from 16 to 20 wks of age, concomitantly, leukocyte infiltration in the exocrine glands is often observed at these ages [32, 33]. Thus, it is important to examine the role of IL17A in the development of SS prior and post to any pathophysiological changes.
Induction of SS immune-pathology in C57BL/6 mice following treatment with Ad5-IL17A vector
Quantification of lymphocytic foci (LF) in salivary glands
No LF
Mean LF
No LF
Mean LF
9a (90%)b
1 (10%)
1 (9%)
10 (91%)
4 ± 1.32c
9 (90%)
1 (10%)
2 (25%)
6 (75%)
2 ± 0.83
Besides the number of LF detected in the salivary glands of the experimental animals, immunofluorescent staining to detect B and T cells revealed further differences in the cellular composition of the infiltrations between mice administered Ad5-IL17A at an early or late stage. At time of euthanasia, C57BL/6J mice treated with Ad5-IL17A vector at 7 wks of age generally exhibited smaller foci containing fewer IL-17 positive cells compared to mice receiving the vector at 16 wks of age (Figure 3c-f, i-l). Consistent with previous observation, the smaller foci in mice treated at 7 wks of age may have resulted from the longer duration of time after cannulation (19 wks) reflecting the decreases in IL-17A serum levels and IL-17A- positive cell numbers. Detailed examination of IL-17A-positive cells revealed that a majority of IL-17A cells are present in the LF and ductal cells with smaller percentage of positive cells found in the epithelium and acinar cells. Nevertheless, these data support the concept that formation and maintenance of LF are due, in part, to the expression levels of IL17A in the salivary glands.
Changes in ANA profiles following instillation of the Ad5-IL-17A vector
Induction of salivary gland dysfunction in C57BL/6J mice following cannulation with Ad5-IL17A vector
The TH17-derived IL-17A cytokine is a potent inflammatory cytokine that has been implicated in a growing list of autoimmune diseases, for example, multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and SS, as well as autoimmunity in animal models [3]. As the TH17/IL-17A system is considered to be an important factor in innate immunity that, in turn, regulates development of the adaptive immune response, it is not surprising that environmental microflora trigger IL-17A responses [34]. The consequence of TH17/IL-17A activation includes, in addition to the production the IL-17A family of cytokines, the production of IL-21, IL-22, chemokines (MIP-2, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL5), and matrix metalloproteases (MMP3 and MMP13) [16] all actively involved in tissue inflammation. Interaction of the IL-17A with its receptors evokes activation of IL-8, resulting in recruitment of neutrophils to the site of injury. However, the relationship between such early innate/inflammatory events mediated by the TH17/IL-17A system and the role TH17 cells play in subsequent autoimmunity remains unknown, especially in light of the multiple functions now associated with the TH17 cell populations. Thus, in the present study, we have attempted to elucidate the importance of the cytokine IL-17A per se in the development of SS and whether its function may be dependent on when it is expressed.
Results in which SS-non-susceptible C57BL/6J mice were cannulated with the Ad5-IL17A vector revealed that increased IL-17A expression could induce several pathological features of SS, irrespective of whether the mice received the vector at 7 or 16 wks of age, two time points corresponding to innate and adaptive immune responses in SS-susceptible C57BL/6.NOD-Aec1Aec2 mice. This was noted by decreases in saliva production compared to control vector, elevated production of specific pro-inflammatory cytokines detected in sera, changes in the weak cytoplasmic/nuclear ANA patterns to nuclear specked staining on HEp2 cells and increased numbers of LF and IL17A positive cells present in the salivary glands at time of euthanasia. Interestingly, mice received Ad5-IL17A at 7 wks of age showed a slight recovery of saliva secretion at 7 wks of treatment in contrast to mice received Ad5-IL17A at 16 wks of age. This observation might be supported by the differential immunological or biological response of mice at different ages and the effect of Ad5-IL17A exerted on the mice.
Previous studies have indicated that genes placed within Ad5 vectors are generally expressed transiently and locally restricted (that is, 7 to 14 days) [29]. The present study demonstrates that a rapid and significant increase in the levels of plasma IL-17A was affected at 12 days post-cannulation by the Ad5-IL17A transgene vector. Interestingly, this systemic increase in IL17 cytokine levels correlated with significant increases in splenic IL-17A secreting CD4+T cells that persisted at least 19 wks for mice treated at 7 wks of age and 11 wks for mice treated at 16 wks of age. These observations indicated that the Ad5 vector effect was longer than anticipated. Whether this effect might be due to an indirect secondary effect of the Ad5-IL17 vector is unknown. In addition, the systemic increase in IL17A production by local treatment of Ad5-IL17A presented in this study is consistent with previous studies by Bruce Baum's laboratory [35–38]. Adesanya et al. [39] has demonstrated that acinar cells can be punctured by retrograde salivary gland cannulation at a certain vector dosage. The injured acinar cells, which have compromised mucosal barrier integrity, allow for leakage of the vector systemically. Further studies by Kagami et al. [37] and He et al. [40] provided evidence that ductal cannulation of salivary glands can also have systemic effects due to the secretory nature of the salivary glands which are well endowed with protein synthesis organelles and secretory machinery.
Nevertheless, these observations are consistent with the concept that SS develops along specific biological processes in a sequential fashion and interference with this process alters development of disease [1–3]. Therefore, this study clearly indicates the pathogenic nature of IL-17A in inducing SS-like phenotypes when cannulated in the salivary glands.
Previous data have shown that lymphocytic infiltrates in the salivary glands secreting IL-17A and its related cytokines are more important in local glandular destruction. Staining salivary glands for IL-17A revealed that C57BL/6J mice receiving Ad5-IL17A vector not only expressed significant levels of IL-17A, but that IL-17A levels correlated with recruitment of inflammatory cells, specifically B and T cells, to the glands. This observation is important in light of the recent study suggesting IL-17A is a critical factor in the adaptive immune response by inducing the formation of germinal centers for the production of autoreactive antibodies [24]. Autoantibodies represent a major component in the onset of SS, thus the changes in the ANA profiles observed with sera of C57BL/6J mice cannulated with the Ad5-IL17A vector indicate that IL-17A affects even the B cell compartment in SS-non-susceptible mice. The presence of LF and loss of saliva secretion raises an interesting question about the possible role of IL-17A in B cell activation. As BAFF is capable of inducing TH17 cell differentiation in addition to regulating B cell activation [41], the possible role of BAFF and IL17A in this phenomenon needs to be better defined in SS pathogenesis.
The capability of IL-17A to induce features of SS in SS-non-susceptible mice demonstrates the major role this cytokine plays in the development, and possible onset, of the autoimmune process. How this one cytokine affects the various features of autoimmunity, and at what level or time point, will require additional studies. More importantly, the study demonstrates that IL-17A might be a potential therapeutic target for SS.
- Ad5:
adenovirus serotype 5
antinuclear antibodies
B cell activating factor
collagen-induced arthritis
chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand
experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
- IFN-γ:
lymphocytic focus
macrophage inflammatory protein-2
matrix metalloproteases
Sjögren's syndrome.
The authors would like to thank Dr. Jay K. Kolls and Dr. Julie Bindas (Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh) for generously providing the Ad5-LacZ and Ad5-IL17A vectors and Dr. Phil Cohen for his critical reading of the manuscript and helpful suggestions. We greatly appreciate the assistance of Dr. Craig Meyers and Dr. Nicholas Muzyczka for the use of the microscope. Publication of this article was funded in part by the University of Florida Open-Access publishing Fund.
Funding: This work was supported by PHS grants K99DE018958 (CQN) from NIDCR, R21AI081952 (ABP) from NIAID and funds from the Sjögren's Syndrome Foundation and Center for Orphan Autoimmune Disorders. HY and JAC were supported by an NIH, NIDCR intramural research grant.
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Bad Religion
Four presidential administrations later, socio-political firebrand Bad Religion is still making enemies and influencing imitators with its trademark melodic pop punk. Although guitarist/Epitaph founder Brett Gurewitz was suspiciously absent during the Clinton/Atlantic Records era, he re-upped in time for Dubya. One of the most recognizable and replicated voices in the biz, Greg Graffin is forceful and forthright without a lot of frills. Unlike cheap facsimiles who try to cram O.C. harmonies into ill-fitting punk receptacles, Bad Religion employs time-tested vocals on New Maps of Hell that burst out from the high-speed gallop and blend in like wind through luxurious locks. Desperate mechanized filters add a trans-genre fog to "52 Seconds," a lure to those seeking change, while "Requiem for Dissent" and "Submission Complete" are Celtic-based anthems worthy of New Model Army. New Maps is an apocalyptic followup to the act's first release, How Could Hell Be Any Worse? — with our current leader answering the question.
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Biosketch / Results /
Julie ProbstAssistant Professor, Department of Medicine
Interim Director, Endocrinology Fellowship Program
Contact Info
462 First Avenue
New York, NY 10016
Education1996-2000 — Univ of Medicine & Dentistry of NJ, Medical Education
2000-2001 — Mount Sinai School of Medicine (Internal Medicine), Internship
2001-2002 — Mount Sinai School of Medicine (Pathology), Residency Training
2002-2004 — St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Ctr. (Internal Medicine), Residency Training
2004-2006 — NYU Medical Center (Endocrinology), Clinical Fellowships


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Can a vegetarian person get a good meal at this restaurant?
Can a gluten free person get a good meal at this restaurant?
Does this restaurant have a TV?
Does this restaurant have private dining rooms?
Is this restaurant good for local cuisine?
Is this restaurant good for bar scene?
Does this restaurant offer highchairs for toddlers?
Is this restaurant good for dinner?
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We had a waiter and 2 of his assistants. they were so much fun. service extraordinary. food was great!. expense of meal was worth it from beginning to end.
Nice atmosphere. Good service. Get a reservation or you can eat at bar. Resort elegant attire. If not too hungry, split a porterhouse.
We got to the restaurant at 6 with no reservations. We ate at the bar tables and really enjoyed the food. We'll be back. Nice and friendly staff.
We visited here when we arrived wasn't so sure the lady at the front was so moody. But once we got through the staff were lovely the steak was amazing but very expensive me and my husband had a steak each and shared 2 sides. My son had chicken and chips he is only a toddler and had one glass...
Stopped here one night without a reservation, thank god it wasn't spring break when you will need one. We ate outside on where there's about 5-6 tables. They let me bring my own bottle of wine which was cool. Steaks were great, excellent wine list but like most restaurants there very pricey. Located in Marina Village.
As we like steaks we made a reservation at this steakhouse. The place is very noisy, however the staff was friendly and we had a nice table beside the kitchen were we could see how the steaks were cooked.
This was terrible! They burned the steaks on open fire and this was also the way the meat finaly looked and...
The food was below average and the prices are outrageous! Waitress is very rude! Total rip off, don't go there!
Hi Katharina M, We are disappointed that your experience at Atlantis did not live up to your personal expectations. For those reading this review, Atlantis offers affordable dining outlets such as Murray's Deli, Starbucks, Bimini Road, and Marina Pizzeria. We will share your comments with our internal team as we look to maintain Atlantis at the highest standards for all...
Our second time here. The waitstaff was so friendly and helpful and pleasant! The shrimp and couscous was superb. My husband had the lobster and braised beef. Absolutely delicious. We tried Bahamian Peas and Rice as a side dish- Nothing to write home about, but it was good! Thank you, Seafire!
Hi dreay, Thanks for writing multiple reviews about your experience at Atlantis! We appreciate your loyalty to Seafire Steakhouse and it sounds like you had another great meal with us during your time in paradise. We hope to see you again soon on future trips. - Atlantis Management Team
We ate in two separate groups. We had been told our first evening in Atlantis that the meal plan was expanded to include more choices. We told the waitress what we decided and were told we were mistaken. Choices were still limited. We worked our way up till someone in a suit told us once again we were ill informed...
We've tried all the steakhouses on and off Atlantis property. This one is the best. Good selection overall! Wish they had French onion soup and potatos au gratin, but that won't stop me from going back!
Hi George B, Thanks for visiting Atlantis! We are pleased to hear that you had a five-star experience at Seafire Steakhouse and we are excited that you're already looking forward to a return visit. See you back in paradise. - Atlantis Management Team
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