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The Ivy League: A place where it's still all about the game, not the moneyAugust 24, 2008 8:00 AM
NEW HAVEN, Conn. -- College football is a multibillion-dollar business. Television networks pay the Bowl Championship Series conferences millions of dollars to broadcast their games on an annual basis. Record attendance figures are being set every year as the biggest stadiums in the world are expanded. And merchandising sales continue to go through the roof as fans adorn themselves in their school's colors.
The sport has never enjoyed more popularity as a new season gets under way in earnest this week. As a result, it's easy to forget the first word of this country's Saturday fall pastime:
Perspective is almost impossible to find in this age of college football. But there is one league where the sport is played in time-warp fashion with some old-school principles.
Looking for a game where as many students can be seen walking to the library as the tailgate party? Where stadiums are half-filled? Where not a single ESPN or ABC camera can be found? Where the league's administrators bask in the glow of this image?
Look no further than the Ivy League, where college football is preserved in its purest form.
"You'll never find a group of guys who love to play the game more," said Cornell senior linebacker Graham Rihn, a Central Catholic High School graduate. "We're not getting paid to play the game. We're paying tuition to go to school. For players in the Ivy League, going to practice at four o'clock is a release from the rest of their life, from working hard and trying to do well in class or trying to find a job."
The Ivy League never has allowed scholarships and is one of the few remaining non-scholarship leagues in Division I-AA. At Ivy League schools, football is truly an extracurricular activity.
At major colleges, it's a job. It has become common for players to dedicate themselves as if they were professionals.
Most major-college football players stay on campus during the summer and work out in anticipation of the coming season. At Ivy League schools, football training is a distant second to the student's future pursuits.
Rihn, a Hampton resident, spent the summer working on Wall Street. He had an internship for Bank of America, where he learned the ins and outs of investment banking.
Rihn is not the exception; he is the norm.
Dan Kopolovich, a McKeesport native and junior quarterback at Princeton, came back to Pittsburgh this summer and took two physics courses at Duquesne University. When he wasn't going to class or studying, Kopolovich, a pre-med major, was shadowing Dr. David Neuschwander, McKeesport High School's team orthopedist. Kopolovich aspires to be an orthopedist.
Weight lifting and conditioning were a priority for Rihn and Kopolovich, but they did it on their own schedule and without coaches watching their every move.
"We don't get many that stay around during the summer," Cornell coach Jim Knowles said. "It's totally different from a place like Pitt where everyone stays. One of the reasons they come to an Ivy League school is because they want that opportunity to expand other aspects of their life also. Graham is in a fraternity, but it's not a regular fraternity. It's a business fraternity."
It is an idea that has been fostered since the Ivy League was formed more than 50 years ago. Sports competition is important and encouraged, but not at the expense of the overall educational experience.Ivy = NFL squaredThe NFL isn't out of the question for Ivy Leaguers. Reggie Williams (Dartmouth, '76), right, played 14 years for the Bengals. He even moonlighted as a city councilman in his final seasons. Ivy Leaguers currently in NFL camps:PlayerSchoolPos.TeamSean MoreyBrownWRCardinalsRyan FitzpatrickHarvardQBBengalsNate LawrieYaleTEBengalsClifton DawsonHarvardRBColtsMatt BirkHarvardCVikingsKevin BoothCornellGGiantsZak DeOssieBrownLBGiantsJeff OtisColumbiaQBRaidersZak KeaseyPrincetonRB49ersCasey CramerDartmouthTETitans
Carm Cozza coached at Yale from 1965 through 1996. Cozza coached 10 Ivy League championship teams, but football was never the priority for his players. Academics always came first.
"I always used to joke with the alumni that I had to be the best pre-med and pre-law coach in the nation," Cozza said. "No one had as many doctors and lawyers as I had. I remember one year in the 1970s our whole offensive line, except for our left tackle, was pre-med students."
Many of those doctors and lawyers were also fantastic football players. It is a tradition that Kopolovich and Rihn are continuing.
Kopolovich, the quarterback who led McKeesport to the WPIAL and PIAA Class AAAA championships in 2005, started at defensive back as a freshman and sophomore for the Tigers. He is competing for the starting quarterback position this fall. Rihn was named honorable mention all-Ivy last season and voted a team captain by his peers for this season.
"The great thing about the Ivy League is you're not sacrificing that much with athletics," Kopolovich said. "We have 10 all-state players on our team. It's not like the Ivy League is slacking."
The Ivy League is not slacking, but it is vastly different than it once was. At one time, its teams were crowned national champions, had regular presences in the national polls and some of its teams were considered to be among the nation's elite.
For many years, Ivy League schools competed with the best of the best in college football. But that all changed 30 years ago when the NCAA passed legislation that proposed a split between the big universities competing in Division I and the smaller schools that composed the division.
Smaller schools had a choice to make. Did they want to continue competing against bigger schools with bigger athletic budgets or did they wish to downgrade to a more cost-contained level of athletics?
The year was 1978, and the NCAA was beginning to recognize how big the business of college football was getting. The NCAA created two classifications for Division I football -- Division I-A and Division I-AA. Each school in Division I had five years to decide which classification it would choose.
Ivy League administrators voted to play at the Division I-AA level, a decision that they believed would enhance their reputation as academic-first institutions.
"Our presidents made very clear back when they formed the Ivy League ... that athletics would be approached as part of the overall educational experience," said Jeff Orleans, the commissioner of the Ivy League since 1984. "We expect our athletes meet the expectations of our other students and we give them the time to meet those expectations."
The Ivy League was founded under some simple premises:
• The admissions process should assure that Ivy athletes are "representative" of their non-athlete classmates;
• Ivy athletes should have full access to need-based financial aid up to their full cost of actual attendance, but Ivy schools will not use athletic grants-in-aid;
• Ivy athletes should have and meet the same high academic expectations as their non-athlete classmates, and should have the opportunity to participate in the full range of campus activities;
• The Ivy athletic experience should be structured so that Ivy student-athletes can meet these expectations and take advantage of these opportunities.
As the business of college football grew exponentially, the Ivy League's administrators looked back and adhered to those founding principles.
If abiding by those principles meant not being on television as much, shrinking attendance and fewer mentions in the nation's sports pages, so be it.
"Our alumni understand the way the landscape of college football has changed," Orleans said. "When we first made the move to [Division I-AA], there was a lot of breath-holding. But our alumni have seen us continue to prosper."
Most Ivy League alumni who were a part of the league's glory days have begrudgingly accepted the downsizing, but they agree that the decision has been a smart one in the long run.
Reggie Williams, who graduated from Dartmouth in 1976, is one of the Ivy League's greatest success stories. He had no scholarship offers from Division I schools coming out of his Flint, Mich., high school, but he became a College Football Hall of Famer and played linebacker for 14 seasons in the NFL with the Cincinnati Bengals.
In his final seasons with the Bengals, Williams had a second job as a Cincinnati city councilman.
"The essence of an Ivy League education demands that you prioritize the academics," Williams said. "I believe I became a better football player because I became a better thinker by attending Dartmouth College. Yet living in Florida for the last 15 years and being around Florida, Miami and Florida State ... I played in Cincinnati in the shadows of Ohio State. There is something idyllic about recapturing [the old Ivy League tradition]. But if the game had to suffer to really put academics in its proper perspective, then I can live with the comparative mediocrity of Ivy League football today."
The last time an Ivy League team finished the season ranked in The Associated Press poll was in 1970 when Dartmouth was No. 14. As the decade progressed, bigger schools with bigger fan bases and bigger athletic budgets were playing a game the Ivies did not wish to play.
"I took tremendous pride in competing against some of the best student-athletes in the country," Williams said. "But the league at its core is about having things in perspective. There are other colleges where it is so obvious that the football program drives the academic curriculum. That's the wrong message for kids everywhere."
Cozza spanned two very different eras in Ivy League history. From the 1960s until the early 1980s, Yale was a competitive team against the major-college powers of the time.
After the move to I-AA, the Ivy League underwent a transformation.
"When it first happened, I didn't think it would have any effect," Cozza said. "We were going to play the same teams anyway. But, for whatever reason, it did affect us. It was hard to get some of the top players because of the I-A image. I can remember having two or three players, if not drafted, then signed every year [by the NFL]. Now we're lucky if we have three in the whole league. So it did affect us."
The reclassification and the price of an Ivy League education have been the major impediments in recruiting.
"When I had Calvin Hill and Brian Dowling and some other great guys, they could go to Yale for $3,000 more than getting a full ride," Cozza said. "Now it's $40,000. A lot of kids don't want to be a burden on their parents, so they'll take the scholarship even if they want to go to an Ivy League school."
Recruiting in the Ivy League is a job description unlike any other in college football.
Knowles coached in the Mid-American Conference and the Southeastern Conference before being hired as Cornell's coach in 2004. He said navigating the rules associated with the stringent Ivy League admissions standards is difficult.
All Ivy League schools adhere to something called the Academic Index for its athletes. It is a complicated mathematical formula that takes into account a student's SAT scores, high school class rank and grade-point average.
"I always say if you can recruit in the Ivy League, you can recruit anywhere," Knowles said.
Dartmouth coach Buddy Teevens is in his second stint as the Big Green's head coach. After his first tenure at Dartmouth, he was the head coach at Tulane and Stanford. He has witnessed college football from every angle imaginable and has a new-found respect for Ivy League football.
"I have a better appreciation for it the second time around," Teevens said. "When I was coming up the first time, I was focused on going to the next level. But after you go through it and come back, you really can't take this for granted, what this level of football is about. These kids work just as hard, but you have to find the right kids for your program, guys who fit in academically as well as athletically."
It's not always easy for football players to adjust to life at Ivy League schools. Brown, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Harvard, Penn, Princeton and Yale are some of the most academically prestigious institutions in the world. Competing in the classroom can be just as difficult as the competition on the field.
Kopolovich and Rihn were excellent students in high school, but they would not have been admitted to Ivy League schools based on their academic credentials alone.
Kopolovich was second in his graduating class, had a 4.2 grade-point average and scored 1,300 on his SAT. But he said he "kind of got lucky" to get admitted and knows "a ton" of his peers who scored a perfect 1,600 on their SAT, including two or three members of the football team.
Rihn was in the top 20 of his graduating class, had a 4.4 grade-point average and scored 1,160 on the SAT. Even so, he said it was frightening to walk on campus as a freshman.
"I was extremely intimidated that I was going to have to compete with the best of the best every day," Rihn said. "But what I've learned is that it's not about how inherently smart you are. It's about how hard you're willing to work. I've been able to score above the averages in my classes by working hard."
Cozza said one of the benefits of being a football player at an Ivy League school is that once a student is admitted, the professors and staff will work with him tirelessly to make sure he stays on course to graduate.
In his long and distinguished career, Cozza garnered many accolades. But he is not most proud of those 10 Ivy League titles or all those players he sent to the NFL. He is most proud of his graduation rate.
In his 32 seasons as coach, Cozza said he only had seven players who failed to earn a degree.
"In the end," he said, "that's what it's all about."
Ray Fittipaldo can be reached at email@example.com or 412-263-1230. First Published August 24, 2008 4:00 AM


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Which Joe gave his name to 'sloppy joes'? We look at five interesting sandwiches and their lexical origins.
Definition of Alps in English:
proper noun
A mountain system in Europe extending in a curve from the coast of SE France through NW Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, southern Germany, and Austria into Slovenia. The highest peak of the Alps, Mont Blanc, rises to a height of 4,807 m (15,771 ft).
Late Middle English: via French from Latin Alpes, from Greek Alpeis, of unknown origin.
Further reading
6 punctuation marks you might be using incorrectlyRead more
We take a look at several popular, though confusing, punctuation marks.
An A-Z of country name originsRead more
From Afghanistan to Zimbabwe, discover surprising and intriguing language facts from around the globe.
How brothers became buddies and brosRead more
The definitions of 'buddy' and 'bro' in the OED have recently been revised. We explore their history and increase in popularity.

subset: commoncrawl


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HCA, Hospital Corporation of America Registered Nurse-Emergency Room (Part-time) in Fort Worth, Texas
Registered Nurse – RN – Emergency Room Plaza Medical Center Part-time
_Why work for HCA?_ Learn more about our commitment to our providers both culturally and professionally by checking out our mission/values and our benefits, then come back to apply for another great opportunity brought to you by HCA-Plaza Medical Center of Fort Worth.
Our ER team is one of the most dedicated, patient focused teams at Plaza. This team works hard to keep our ER waiting times at a minimum-all while providing the best service and care to the citizens of Fort Worth and the surrounding communities.
Do you have ER experience in your background and want to try HCA out? This part-time role is the one for you. Apply today.
The Emergency Department RN provides direct nursing care in accordance with established policies, procedures and protocols of the healthcare organization.
The tasks and responsibilities include: * Assesses, plans and evaluates patient care needs. * Prioritizes patient care based on acuity level and available resources. * Carries out physician orders. * Assists physician during examination, treatment and procedures. * Administers prescribed medications, changes dressings, cleans wounds, monitors vital signs. * Serves as the primary coordinator of all disciplines for well coordinated patient care. * Monitors, records and communicates patient condition as appropriate utilizing computerized documentation systems. * Instructs and educates patients and families. * Assesses and coordinates patient's discharge planning needs with members of the healthcare team. * Provides age and culturally appropriate care. * Orients and mentors new staff members. * Follows Standard Precautions using personal protective equipment as required.
Required Job Qualifications include: * Current licensure as an RN * Current certification as a BLS Healthcare Provider. * ACLS Certification * Graduate of an accredited school of professional nursing. * Customer service abilities including effective listening skills. _Minimum Experience to apply:_ Minimum 1 year progressive nursing experience in an Emergency Room in an acute care or hospital setting.
Contact our corporate recruiter Shelley Gabriel at (972)345-1587 or firstname.lastname@example.com, if you have questions about this position and others that might be coming up.
Title: Registered Nurse-Emergency Room (Part-time)
Location: Texas-Fort Worth-Plaza Medical Center of Fort Worth - Fort Worth
Requisition ID: 00073-79948


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Jumping Bean Party Rental Inc
Jumping Bean Party Rental Inc is a professional party rental company offering Moon Bounces and more for your big event or small gathering in Manchester Center.
Party by Design
What do you need for your next event in Manchester Center? If you need Lighting and other supplies, contact us today.
Saratoga Photobooth Company
What do you need in terms of Photo Booths for your party? Saratoga Photobooth Company will be able to provide that and your other rental needs.
Technical Video Inc
A great party certainly needs Audio / Video and other elements to really stand out. At Technical Video Inc, it's our pleasure to make sure you have the best rental items.
FOTOMAGIC FOTO MAGNETS should be the first stop on your list when it comes to finding Photo Booths and other great party rentals in your area.


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It's the trans-global satiricast that leaves no hot potato unbuttered. Andy Zaltzman breaks down the news with comedians from across the world including Wyatt Cenac, Hari Kondabolu, John Oliver, Nish Kumar, Anuvab Pal and his sister Helen.
Parental Advisory
January 20th, 2012
Episode 3 of 381 episodes
This week - oh PIPA, Republican't candidates and Craptain Italia. Remember to #savethebugle at http://www.thebuglepodcast.com
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Welcome to the daily audio workout for your head.


text: A hanging decoration with a heart of gold. Share the love in your home with this heart pendant, suitable for enhancing any room. The golden decoration features a twisted outline in the shape of a heart. Complete with a long golden thread for hanging. E.W. Features: Gold Hanging Decoration Heart Twist Outline Material: Steel Metallic finish Height: 14cmCheck stock and price


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Generate traffic and votes
This project was successfully completed by marjanahmed13 for $250 USD in a day.Get free quotes for a project like this
Project Budget$250 - $750 USD
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Project Description
I need my website, Facebook and online contest to be voted on by 100 thousands US genuine traffic surfers. I am not looking for adult or child content or references to be affiliated with our legitimate business which offers small claims court online using video conferencing and heard by real court experienced judges.
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Get hands on with your marketing promotions when you imprint your logo on these customized keychains.
Your giveaways will be off to the races when you add your logo to these race car custom stickers!
Your message will be clear with these round clear polyester promo decals.
A Van Shape Imprinted USB Drive is the perfect way to announce your delivery service for restaurants and much more!


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Listen to free music played by werksjmt
Blip.fm is internet radio made social. It's easy to search for, play, and discover free music recommended by real people. Join today to create your own free station and start listening to @werksjmt.
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The Data Management (DM) Scientific Research Support Component (SRSC) aims to support the CHAVI-ID by providing comprehensive data management for the entire Center and to provide biostatistics and data analysis support for Center members. Specifically, the DM SRSC will provide archiving for all the data collected in the CHAVI-ID and develop a central database that will allow members and other approved collaborators to access, search and analyze the data. This SRSC will provide leadership and technical expertise to ensure consistency and quality control in data collection, collect all information on experimental protocols, procedures, sample acquisition and distribution. The SRSC will also provide support for data collection and analysis in the Center and provide access to the data generated by the CHAVI-ID to the broad scientific community. These goals will be accomplished by: 1. Establishing a backend data collection and archival infrastructure that will provide the essential backbone for data exchange between all CHAVI-ID components and investigators 2. Establishing a frontend multifaceted data management system, integrating data collected from all CHAVI-ID components into a unified database to facilitate data mining and analysis. 3. Establishing infrastructure to provide controlled access to the data collected in the project, for download and for searching and analysis, both to the Center members and to the broad scientific community. 4. Developing a central website that will serve as the main gateway to the CHAVI-ID, where outside users could access information about the project and data generated within the project, but also provide input send requests and submit proposals
This Data Management SRSC supports the CHAVI-ID by providing centralized data management, including data archiving, searches and analyses of the collected data. This is critical for both for functioning of the Center and for providing access to its results to the broad scientific community.
|Sok, Devin; Doores, Katie J; Briney, Bryan et al. (2014) Promiscuous glycan site recognition by antibodies to the high-mannose patch of gp120 broadens neutralization of HIV. Sci Transl Med 6:236ra63
|Murin, Charles D; Julien, Jean-Philippe; Sok, Devin et al. (2014) Structure of 2G12 Fab2 in complex with soluble and fully glycosylated HIV-1 Env by negative-stain single-particle electron microscopy. J Virol 88:10177-88
|Scharf, Louise; Scheid, Johannes F; Lee, Jeong Hyun et al. (2014) Antibody 8ANC195 reveals a site of broad vulnerability on the HIV-1 envelope spike. Cell Rep 7:785-95
|Doria-Rose, Nicole A; Schramm, Chaim A; Gorman, Jason et al. (2014) Developmental pathway for potent V1V2-directed HIV-neutralizing antibodies. Nature 509:55-62
|Tong, Tommy; Crooks, Ema T; Osawa, Keiko et al. (2014) Multi-parameter exploration of HIV-1 virus-like particles as neutralizing antibody immunogens in guinea pigs, rabbits and macaques. Virology 456-457:55-69
|Li, Shuzhao; Rouphael, Nadine; Duraisingham, Sai et al. (2014) Molecular signatures of antibody responses derived from a systems biology study of five human vaccines. Nat Immunol 15:195-204
|Gitlin, Alexander D; Shulman, Ziv; Nussenzweig, Michel C (2014) Clonal selection in the germinal centre by regulated proliferation and hypermutation. Nature 509:637-40
|Pulendran, Bali (2014) Systems vaccinology: probing humanity's diverse immune systems with vaccines. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111:12300-6
|Bates, John T; Keefer, Christopher J; Slaughter, James C et al. (2014) Escape from neutralization by the respiratory syncytial virus-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibody palivizumab is driven by changes in on-rate of binding to the fusion protein. Virology 454-455:139-44
|Sundling, Christopher; Zhang, Zhenhai; Phad, Ganesh E et al. (2014) Single-cell and deep sequencing of IgG-switched macaque B cells reveal a diverse Ig repertoire following immunization. J Immunol 192:3637-44
Showing the most recent 10 out of 58 publications


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These blackberry coconut cheesecake bars are something special. You can have these made in 30 minutes tops, plus the stage of allowing them to set up, which is the hardest part of this recipe. The crust is a simple blend of dates, oats, crunchy almonds and the cheesecake filling is creamy and fruity. Pair it with a drizzle of chocolate and coconut cream for the perfect flavor combo!
Blackberry Coconut Cheesecake Bars [Vegan]
This Recipe is :
For the Crust:
- 2 cup dates
- 1 cup gluten-free oats
- 1/2 cup almonds
For the Cheesecake:
- 2 cups blackberries
- 1 cup cashews
- 3/4 cup coconut shreds
- 1/2 cup dates
- 2 tablespoons coconut milk
- 2 tablespoons maple syrup
- Coconut sugar (optional)
- Melted vegan chocolate (optional)
- Coconut cream, for topping (optional)
To Make the Crust:
- In your blender or food processor blend together all ingredients.
- Press into parchment paper lined 6×10-inch pan. Set aside.
To Make the Cheesecake:
- Blend together all ingredients except coconut sugar, chocolate, and coconut cream in your blender until smooth. Pour into pan. Place in freezer to set up for 1-2 hours. Remove from freezer, and let thaw before cutting into bars.
- Top with coconut sugar, chocolate, and coconut cream, if desired. Serve.


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Regional Europe United Kingdom England Devon Westward Ho Travel and Tourism Accommodation
This category includes directories, reservation services and individual sites for temporary accommodation, primarily for travellers. Please see if sub-categories are available for specific types of accommodation such as hotels.
Related categories 1
Sites 10
Beachside Holiday Park
Self catering holiday park in central Westward Ho with static caravans overlooking the sea.
Braddicks Leisure
Braddicks is a company with bars, restaurants and holidays centers in and around Bideford North Devon including Westward Ho!
Brockenhurst Bed and Breakfast
Near the village centre. Includes details of the facilities, tariffs, local information and online booking facility.
Cornborough Cottages
Details of two self catering holiday homes, their facilities with gallery, availability calendar, terms, online booking, contacts and location at Pusehill.
Golden Bay Holiday Village
Group of chalets for self catering family holidays, with direct access to the sea shore. Profile includes local attractions, video, site plan and reception contacts.
Pig on The Hill Westward Ho!
Restaurant offering self catering holidays in cedar cabins. Includes profile details of facilities, menus, social media links, booking contacts, location above the town with sea view at Pusehill.
Surf Bay Holiday Park
Static caravan site offering self catering family holidays, with private access to beach. Include link for ownership offers, facilities and contacts..
Village Inn Westward Ho!
Pub with conservatory, patio garden and en-suite accommodation. Profile includes room details, menu, events calendar, social media link, tariff, online booking, contacts, and location.
The Water Front Inn
Bed and breakfast in a large family pub. Includes details of the facilities, prices and local information.
West Pusehill Farm Cottages
Self-catering holidays near Westward Ho! Includes details of the facilities, prices, walking holidays and the local area.
Last update:August 27, 2016 at 19:31:38 UTC
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This application joins two physician-scientist leaders in the use of genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) to evaluate the utility of these animals for preclinical studies that can directly impact human clinical trials. We will investigate the biology of therapeutic response in solid tumors with particular interest in the PI3-kinase (PI3K) pathway and cells that are resistant to standard of care treatments. Based on our expertise, we will be comparing and contrasting three tumor types where the PI3K pathway contributes to oncogenesis and therapeutic resistance, namely medulloblastoma, glioma, and prostate cancer. We anticipate similarities and differences between these tumor types and expect all three to be cross-informative. In the first project we will compare several drug combinations to determine optimal strategies for complete blockade of this signaling pathway in these tumors in vivo. The second project will investigate the character of the cells that survive radiation in the case of brain tumors and androgen depletion (castration) in the case of prostate cancer, and determine what role the PI3K pathway plays in their stem-like and resistant properties. In Project 3, we will use these mouse models to determine the impact of additional genomic alterations on treatment response and identify mRNA-based gene expression signatures as predictive biomarkers that could then be taken from the mouse into human trials. Collectively, the three Projects bring together experts in mouse modeling, experimental therapeutics, comparative pathology and translational medicine and provide a fertile environment for developing the careers of several promising young physician-scientists.
|Leder, Kevin; Pitter, Ken; Laplant, Quincey et al. (2014) Mathematical modeling of PDGF-driven glioblastoma reveals optimized radiation dosing schedules. Cell 156:603-16
|Pietras, Alexander; Katz, Amanda M; Ekström, Elin J et al. (2014) Osteopontin-CD44 signaling in the glioma perivascular niche enhances cancer stem cell phenotypes and promotes aggressive tumor growth. Cell Stem Cell 14:357-69
|Ozawa, Tatsuya; Riester, Markus; Cheng, Yu-Kang et al. (2014) Most human non-GCIMP glioblastoma subtypes evolve from a common proneural-like precursor glioma. Cancer Cell 26:288-300
|Halliday, John; Helmy, Karim; Pattwell, Siobhan S et al. (2014) In vivo radiation response of proneural glioma characterized by protective p53 transcriptional program and proneural-mesenchymal shift. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111:5248-53
|Polkinghorn, William R; Parker, Joel S; Lee, Man X et al. (2013) Androgen receptor signaling regulates DNA repair in prostate cancers. Cancer Discov 3:1245-53
|Katz, Amanda M; Amankulor, Nduka M; Pitter, Ken et al. (2012) Astrocyte-specific expression patterns associated with the PDGF-induced glioma microenvironment. PLoS One 7:e32453
|Jones, T S; Holland, E C (2012) Standard of care therapy for malignant glioma and its effect on tumor and stromal cells. Oncogene 31:1995-2006
|Wee, Boyoung; Charles, Nikki; Holland, Eric C (2011) Animal models to study cancer-initiating cells from glioblastoma. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 16:2243-58
|Pitter, Kenneth L; Galbán, Craig J; Galbán, Stefanie et al. (2011) Perifosine and CCI 779 co-operate to induce cell death and decrease proliferation in PTEN-intact and PTEN-deficient PDGF-driven murine glioblastoma. PLoS One 6:e14545
|Becher, Oren J; Hambardzumyan, Dolores; Walker, Talia R et al. (2010) Preclinical evaluation of radiation and perifosine in a genetically and histologically accurate model of brainstem glioma. Cancer Res 70:2548-57
Showing the most recent 10 out of 11 publications


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Hi Bob
It almost looks to me like he's named each and every one of his seedlings...
I'm wondering if he really intended that these pics be published??? Perhaps
he only sent them to you so you could have a look at what he's doing?
Speaking of standards, well, we won't get into that... But I'm sure everyone
on the list could innundate you with at least several dozen (or hundred)
pics of their seedlings - Maybe there should be some limit on this? I kind
of wonder how many of those plants will ever actually get introduced.
>Hi Helen
I am sort of torn by this myself. I know many people on these robins
work years to get a hosta or two that they consider good enough to
introduce and/or grow long enough to see the final quality of the plant.
I don't understand how one person can have somewhere in the range of 125
in a few years, most it seems in the last year or so. There are maybe
10% that are mutual intros.
I am trying to look at it like there is no limit or standards that
anybody follows so each person sets their own.<
To sign-off this list, send email to email@example.com with the
message text UNSUBSCRIBE HOSTA-OPEN


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Video: Int. Space Station fisheye fly-through at 4K (Ultra HD)
In this video, fly through the International Space Station at the 4k resolution setting for a super high definition tour of the orbital facility:
In this video, fly through the International Space Station at the 4k resolution setting for a super high definition tour of the orbital facility:
Universe Today hosts the latest Carnival of Space.
A new report from ESO (European Southern Observatory):
ESO's VLT Detects Unexpected Giant Glowing Halos around Distant Quasars
An international team of astronomers has discovered glowing gas clouds surrounding distant quasars. This new survey by the MUSE instrument on ESO's Very Large Telescope indicates that halos around quasars are far more common than expected. The properties of the halos in this surprising find are also in striking disagreement with currently accepted theories of galaxy formation in the early Universe.
The MUSE instrument on ESO's Very Large Telescope is able to collect three-dimensional data. Using this data cube, astronomers were able to create a 3D representation of the gas halos surrounding the distant quasars. Credit: ESO/S. Cantalupo
An international collaboration of astronomers, led by a group at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich, Switzerland, has used the unrivalled observing power of MUSE on the Very Large Telescope (VLT) at ESO's Paranal Observatory to study gas around distant active galaxies, less than two billion years after the Big Bang. These active galaxies, called quasars, contain supermassive black holes in their centres, which consume stars, gas, and other material at an extremely high rate. This, in turn, causes the galaxy centre to emit huge amounts of radiation, making quasars the most luminous and active objects in the Universe.
The study involved 19 quasars, selected from among the brightest that are observable with MUSE. Previous studies have shown that around 10% of all quasars examined were surrounded by halos, made from gas known as the intergalactic medium. These halos extend up to 300 000 light-years away from the centres of the quasars. This new study, however, has thrown up a surprise, with the detection of large halos around all 19 quasars observed — far more than the two halos that were expected statistically. The team suspects this is due to the vast increase in the observing power of MUSE over previous similar instruments, but further observations are needed to determine whether this is the case.
"It is still too early to say if this is due to our new observational technique or if there is something peculiar about the quasars in our sample. So there is still a lot to learn; we are just at the beginning of a new era of discoveries", says lead author Elena Borisova, from the ETH Zurich.
The original goal of the study was to analyse the gaseous components of the Universe on the largest scales; a structure sometimes referred to as the cosmic web, in which quasars form bright nodes [1]. The gaseous components of this web are normally extremely difficult to detect, so the illuminated halos of gas surrounding the quasars deliver an almost unique opportunity to study the gas within this large-scale cosmic structure.
This mosaic shows 18 of the 19 quasars observed by an international team of astronomers, led by the ETH Zurich, Switzerland. Each observed quasar is surrounded by a bright gaseous halo. It is the first time that a survey of quasars shows such bright halos around all of the observed quasars. The discovery was made using the MUSE instrument at ESO's Very Large Telescope. Credit: ESO/Borisova et al.
The 19 newly-detected halos also revealed another surprise: they consist of relatively cold intergalactic gas — approximately 10 000 degrees Celsius. This revelation is in strong disagreement with currently accepted models of the structure and formation of galaxies, which suggest that gas in such close proximity to galaxies should have temperatures upwards of a million degrees.
It is the first time that MUSE and its unique observing capabilities have been used for a survey of this kind. The discovery shows the potential of the instrument for observing this type of object [2]. Co-author Sebastiano Cantalupo is very excited about the new instrument and the opportunities it provides:
"We have exploited the unique capabilities of MUSE in this study, which will pave the way for future surveys. Combined with a new generation of theoretical and numerical models, this approach will continue to provide a new window on cosmic structure formation and galaxy evolution."
[1] The cosmic web is the structure of the Universe at the largest scale. It is comprised of spindly filaments of primordial material (mostly hydrogen and helium gas) and dark matter which connect galaxies and span the chasms between them. The material in this web can feed along the filaments into galaxies and drive their growth and evolution.
[2] MUSE is an integral field spectrograph and combines spectrographic and imaging capabilities. It can observe large astronomical objects in their entirety in one go, and for each pixel measure the intensity of the light as a function of its colour, or wavelength.
Jeff Bezos, founder and CEO of Amazon.com, recently received an award at the Museum of Flight near Seattle and he was interviewed on stage. He talked about plans for Amazon and about his various outside projects including the Blue Origin space development company: Jeff Bezos explains Blue Origin's space symbology – Alan Boyle/Geekwire –
In this segment of the interview, he talked about the 10,000 year clock project: Jeff Bezos shares big ideas, from drones to 10,000-year clock – Alan Boyle/Geekwire –
In this video, he talks
about the mission to recover the F-1 rocket engines from the Apollo 11 moon landing flight. His team was able to retrieve the engines from 14,000 ft under the sea.
Find more about Bezos's many projects at www.bezosexpeditions.com.
The U.S. Space Walk of Fame Museum in Titusville, Florida is holding its annual Charity Auction:
The Space Walk of Fame Charity Space Memorabilia Auction takes place on Oct. 29. Don't miss out on this chance to bid on exciting pieces of aerospace history — from photos signed by the Mercury Astronauts to pieces of the Hindenberg to a flown-in-space quilt and SO much more. Over 300 items offered! You can begin bidding NOW at Invaluable.com.
Click HERE to see the auction items and find out how to bid!
Remember that the museum makes a percentage from each sale so you are supporting our STEAM Space education program and helping students and at-risk youth learn about science and technology. Our goal is to move them from away from being passive consumers and TOWARD producing goods, services or digital products.
NO items featured in the memorabilia auction are being sold from the museum collection — these are all consignment pieces or are provided by astronauts or former space workers.
Check out the Space memorabilia auction items at Invaluable.com. Here are a couple of examples:
Mercury Astronaut signed photo
The latest TMRO.tv live program is now available on line: Masten Space Systems XS-1 and MXP-351 – 9.36 – TMRO
This week we bring on the CTO of Masten Space Systems, Dave Masten. Dave talks about what has been happening with the XS-1 DARPA program as well as his new safer, green Hypergolic fuel.
Space news topics discussed:
* Long March 2F launches Shenzhou 11
* Antares launches Cygnus 0A-5
* Soyuz MS-02 launches
* NASA's Juno Spacecraft Runs Into Problems
* Shenzhou 11 Docks with Tiangong-2
* Possible Active Lava Flows Have Been Observed on Venus
* TGO orbits Mars, Schiaparelli crash lands
TMRO is viewer supported:
TMRO:Space is a crowd funded show. If you like this episode consider contributing to help us to continue to improve. Head over to http://www.patreon.com/tmro for information, goals and reward levels. Don't forget to check out our SpacePod campaign as well over at http://www.patreon.com/spacepod
Some interesting technology videos:
** Demonstration of a fully autonomous self-driving Tesla: All Tesla Cars Being Produced Now Have Full Self-Driving Hardware | Tesla
** Urban Aero's Cormorant/AirMule vertical-take off and landing (VTOL) ducted fan autonomous vehicle is large enough to transport cargo and one or two persons. I've posted here several times over the years about Israeli-based Urban Aero and they appear close to a commercial vehicle. This video starts with an animation but at 1:22 there is footage of a working full-scale prototype flying quickly across the sky:
** The German electric Volocopter has flown a person on a low altitude demo flight. It is now being tested extensively in unmanned mode:
During the test flight program, the Volocopter demonstrated various dynamic flight maneuvers at higher speeds for the first time.
These test flights did not only serve as a presentation of possible flight dynamics. The actual goal was to gain important knowledge in order to optimize the current developments of the new prototype for serial production. This included determining the VC200's power requirements during different flight maneuvers and at different speed levels. In order to evaluate the limits of flight behavior, the positioning and height automation, as well as the flight maneuver limits were deactivated during some tests.
Some miscellaneous items in my requested link queue:
If you are thinking about a crowd-funding campaign, check out Plumfund, a "free online crowdfunding and fundraising website".
A friend at the institute in Sweden where I used to work asked me to post this astrophysics postdoctoral job notice: KTH | Postdoctoral scholarship in experimental high-energy astrophysics/astroparticle physics
A postdoctoral scholarship is available in the Particle and Astroparticle Physics research group ( www.particle.kth.se) at the Department of Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
The position primarily concerns the development of space missions with a focus on X-ray polarimetry. The research group has conducted ballooning campaigns for hard X-ray polarimetry (PoGOLite, PoGO+), participates in the X-ray Imaging Polarimetry Explorer (XIPE) mission proposal for ESA M4, and is developing a national small satellite concept for gamma-ray burst polarimetry. The successful candidate will participate in the further development of X-ray polarisation missons within the group (instrument development and analysis of data from on-going missions).
I'm pointed to the CR4 – Engineering Forum, an engineering discussion forum with
Another example of citizen scientists contributing to a published scientific finding:
Citizen Scientists Discover Potential New Exoplanet Hunting Ground
Via a NASA-led citizen science project, eight people with no formal training in astrophysics helped discover what could be a fruitful new place to search for planets outside our solar system – a large disk of gas and dust encircling a star known as a circumstellar disk.
A paper, published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters and coauthored by eight citizen scientists involved in the discovery, describes a newly identified red dwarf star, AWI0005x3s, and its warm circumstellar disk, the kind associated with young planetary systems. Most of the exoplanets, which are planets outside our solar system, that have been imaged to date dwell in disks similar to the one around AWI0005x3s.
The disk and its star are located in what is dubbed the Carina association – a large, loose grouping of similar stars in the Carina Nebula approximately 212 light years from our sun. Its relative proximity to Earth will make it easier to conduct follow-on studies.
"Most disks of this kind fade away in less than 30 million years," said Steven Silverberg, a graduate student at Oklahoma University and lead author of the paper. "This particular red dwarf is a candidate member of the Carina association, which would make it around 45 million years old. It's the oldest red dwarf system with a disk we've seen in one of these associations."
Since the launch of NASA's Disk Detective website in January 2014, approximately 30,000 citizen scientists have performed roughly two million classifications of stellar objects, including those that led to this discovery. Through Disk Detective, citizen scientists study data from NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer mission (WISE), the agency's Two-Micron All Sky Survey project, and other stellar surveys.
"Without the help of the citizen scientists examining these objects and finding the good ones, we might never have spotted this object," said Marc Kuchner, an astrophysicist at NASA's Goddard Space Fight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, who leads Disk Detective. "The WISE mission alone found 747 million objects, of which we expect a few thousand to be circumstellar disks."
The eight citizen scientist co-authors, members of an advanced user group, volunteered to help by researching disk candidates. Their data led to the discovery of this new disk.
"I've loved astronomy since childhood and wanted to be part of the space program, as did every boy my age," adds Milton Bosch, a citizen scientist co-author from California. "I feel very fortunate to be part of such a great group of dedicated people, and am thrilled to partake in this adventure of discovery and be a co-author on this paper."
Disk Detective is a collaboration between NASA, Zooniverse, the University of Oklahoma, University of Córdoba in Argentina, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Space Telescope Science Institute, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Carnegie Institution of Washington, University of Hawaii and Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute.
To learn more about opportunities for the public to participate in NASA science and technology projects, visit: www.nasa.gov/solve
Two launches highlight the latest Space to Ground report from NASA on activities related to the Int. Space Station:
[ Update Oct.21.2016: Here are videos of the Soyuz with three new crew members docking at the ISS today and then entering the station:
After launching on Oct. 19, in their Soyuz MS-02 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, Expedition 49/50 Soyuz Commander Sergey Ryzhikov and Flight Engineer Andrey Borisenko of Roscosmos and Flight Engineer Shane Kimbrough of NASA arrived at the International Space Station on Oct. 21 to complete their two-day journey.
A few hours after docking to the International Space Station on Oct. 21, Expedition 49/50 Soyuz Commander Sergey Ryzhikov and Flight Engineer Andrey Borisenko of Roscosmos and Flight Engineer Shane Kimbrough of NASA, opened the hatch of their Soyuz MS-02 spacecraft and were greeted by station Commander Anatoly Ivanishin of Roscosmos and Flight Engineers Kate Rubins of NASA and Takuya Onishi of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency.
And here is a TMRO.tv Spacepod report on some of the cargo that was launched to the ISS: Cygnus carries cool cargo to Station – Space Pod 10/12/16 – TMRO
This week Lisa Stojanovski investigates the cargo onboard the next Cygnus to fly – including two Spire Cubesats, Cool Flames, and brand new lights.
TMRO Space Pods are crowd funded shows. If you like this episode consider contributing to help us to continue to improve. Head over to http://www.patreon.com/spacepod for information, goals and reward levels. Don't forget to check out our weekly live show campaign as well over at http://www.patreon.com/tmro
Here is an interview with Chris Lewicki, chief of the asteroid mining company Planetary Resources:
As Humans venture out far away from the Earth into the solar system, they will need material resources to keep us going. Where do we get those from? One for-profit company, Planetary Resources, wants to be the one to make it happen.
We had a chance to speak with the company's President and CEO, Chris Lewicki about the company's plans to survey, prospect, and exploit near-Earth asteroids. The company has a lot of financial backing and has plans to send its first satellite to an asteroid in 2020.
This interview was originally broadcast as part of our ongoing Facebook Live segment, The Convo: www.facebook.com/PCMag/videos…
Jason Dunn, CTO of Made In Space, talks about the role of 3d printing in space development:
NASA intern turned Silicon Valley entrepreneur, Jason Dunn, saw what was holding humans back from colonizing outer space…and decided to do something about it. With his company Made in Space's cutting-edge 3D printer, astronauts can break their reliance on costly resupply missions from Earth and—for the first time ever—build new supplies for themselves in space. Dunn and his team believe their invention will usher in a new era of dramatic progress in space.
Craig Clark, CEO of Clyde Space in Scotland, talks about their smallsat projects:
Update: An interview about long time space advocate and entrepreneur Rick Tumlinson and the New Worlds Conferences:
Here is the latest ESO (European Southern Observatory) report:
Highest Resolution Image of Eta Carinae
VLT Interferometer captures raging winds in famous massive stellar system
Led by Gerd Weigelt from the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy (MPIfR) in Bonn, a team of astronomers have used the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) at ESO's Paranal Observatory to take a unique image of the Eta Carinae star system in the Carina Nebula.
This animation zooms in on the massive star system Eta Carinae, located in the Carina Nebula. During the zoom the Homunculus Nebula and finally the violent surrounding of Eta Carinae becomes visible.
This colossal binary system consists of two massive stars orbiting each other and is very active, producing stellar winds which travel at velocities of up to ten million kilometres per hour [1]. The zone between the two stars where the winds from each collide is very turbulent, but until now it could not be studied.
The power of the Eta Carinae binary pair creates dramatic phenomena. A "Great Eruption" in the system was observed by astronomers in the 1830s. We now know that this was caused by the larger star of the pair expelling huge amounts of gas and dust in a short amount of time, which led to the distinctive lobes, known as the Homunculus Nebula, that we see in the system today. The combined effect of the two stellar winds as they smash into each other at extreme speeds is to create temperatures of millions of degrees and intense deluges of X-ray radiation.
This animation zooms from outside the Homunculus Nebula, which Eta Carinae ejected in a famous outburst in the 19th century, to the system's two massive orbiting stars. Credit: NASA Goddard CI Lab
The central area where the winds collide is so comparatively tiny — a thousand times smaller than the Homunculus Nebula — that telescopes in space and on the ground so far have not been able to image them in detail. The team has now utilised the powerful resolving ability of the VLTI instrument AMBER to peer into this violent realm for the first time. A clever combination — an interferometer — of three of the four Auxiliary Telescopes at the VLT lead to a tenfold increase in resolving power in comparison to a single VLT Unit Telescope. This delivered the sharpest ever image of the system and yielded unexpected results about its internal structures.
The new VLTI image clearly depict the structure which exists between the two Eta Carinae-stars. An unexpected fan-shaped structure was observed where the raging wind from the smaller, hotter star crashes into the denser wind from the larger of the pair.
"Our dreams came true, because we can now get extremely sharp images in the infrared. The VLTI provides us with a unique opportunity to improve our physical understanding of Eta Carinae and many other key objects", says Gerd Weigelt.
In addition to the imaging, the spectral observations of the collision zone made it possible to measure the velocities of the intense stellar winds [2]. Using these velocities, the team of astronomers were able to produce more accurate computer models of the internal structure of this fascinating stellar system, which will help increase our understanding of how these kind of extremely high mass stars lose mass as they evolve.
Team member Dieter Schertl (MPIfR) looks forward:
"The new VLTI instruments GRAVITY and MATISSE will allow us to get interferometric images with even higher precision and over a wider wavelength range. This wide wavelength range is needed to derive the physical properties of many astronomical objects."
[1] The two stars are so massive and bright that the radiation they produce rips off their surfaces and spews them into space. This expulsion of stellar material is referred to as stellar "wind", and it can travel at millions of kilometres per hour.
[2] Measurements were done through the Doppler effect. Astronomers use the Doppler effect (or shifts) to calculate precisely how fast stars and other astronomical objects move toward or away from Earth. The movement of an object towards or away from us causes a slight shift in its spectral lines. The velocity of the motion can be calculated from this shift.
The Urban Astronomer hosts the latest Carnival of Space.
Here are more details about the upcoming docudrama series from National Geographic and Ron Howard about the first missions to start the settlement of Mars: Inside Nat Geo's Incredible Documentary Mission to Mars | WIRED.
(See also the earlier posting here with the first two trailers.)
In this video, Andy Weir (author of The Martian) and others talk about the challenges of just getting to Mars:
The mission architecture as described in the TV program shares many aspects of the architecture for Mars settlement laid out recently by Elon Musk of SpaceX:
You can make your own model of the Orbital ATK Antares rocket and Cygnus cargo spacecraft that launched Monday night to the ISS: New Antares 230 OA-5 papermodel | AXM Paper Space Scale Models Blog –
Orbital ATK plans to launch the company's Antares rocket tonight at 7:40 pm EDT from Wallops Island, Virginia. It will send a Cygnus cargo spacecraft to orbit and the Cygnus will proceed to a rendezvous and docking with the International Space Station on Sunday. (Has to wait for a Soyuz that will launch from Russia [on Wednesday morning at 4:05 am EDT. 0805 GMT] with a crew of three to dock with the ISS first.)
Update: Here is a video of the NASA TV webcast of the launch:
Update 2: Here is the post-launch briefing:
The guests and topics of discussion on The Space Show this week:
1. Monday, Oct. 17, 2016: 2-3:30 pm PDT (5-6:30 pm EDT, 4-5:30 pm CDT): We welcome back Eric Berger of Ars Technica to discuss space news events and many of his latest blog posts.
2. Tuesday, Oct. 18, 2016: 7-8:30 pm PDT, 10-11:30 pm EDT, 9-10:30 pm CDT: Dr. Moriba K. Jah of the University of Arizona on space object behavior and more.
3. Friday, Oct. 21, 2016: 9:30-11 am PDT; (12:30-2 pm EDT; 11:30 AM – 1 pm CDT) We welcome Johannes Torpe from Denmark, fresh back from the Personal Spaceflight Symposium in Las Cruces, NM.
4. Sunday, Oct. 23, 2016: 12-1:30 pm PDT (3-4:30 pm EDT, 2-3:30 pm CDT): We welcome Vera Mulyani and Dr. Madhu Thangalevu regarding the Mars City Design Competition.
See also:
* The Space Show on Vimeo – webinar videos
* The Space Show's Blog – summaries of interviews.
* The Space Show Classroom Blog – tutorial programs
The Space Show is a project of the One Giant Leap Foundation.
The latest TMRO.tv live program is now available on line: The beautiful data of rocket launches – TMRO
We are joined by Declan Murphy of http://www.flightclub.io — Flight club is an innovative and nerdy way to look at rocket launch data to understand where the rocket is and the different characteristics of its flight.
News topics discussed:
* Boeing delays CST-100 by 6 months, consequences loom
* The Universe Contains 10-20 Times The Number of Galaxies We Expected
* Obama support for Mars sparks new incentives for ISS
* Astronomers Are Preparing to Study the Epoch of Reionization
* Boeing says they can beat SpaceX to Mars, here's How
* The Most Mysterious Star in the Milky Way Gets Even Weirder
TMRO is viewer supported:
TMRO:Space is a crowd funded show. If you like this episode consider contributing to help us to continue to improve. Head over to http://www.patreon.com/tmro for information, goals and reward levels. Don't forget to check out our SpacePod campaign as well over at http://www.patreon.com/spacepod
Last Thursday, President Obama and the White House held The Frontiers Conference in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The conference was
a national convening co-hosted with the University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University to explore the future of innovation here and around the world …
The conference [focused] on building U.S. capacity in science, technology, and innovation, and the new technologies, challenges, and goals that will continue to shape the 21st century and beyond.
Here is a video of the Interplanetary track, in which participants from industry and academia discussed the future of space development and space science exploration:
Try the Satellite Tracking Tool from BINARY SPACE hosted here at HobbySpace.
Sun and Space Weather
Real time images, charts and data displays
Aurora, Meteors & Fireballs
Real time images, charts and data displays
Check out Virtual Space 3D reports and other videos on the HobbySpace Youtube Channel.
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SEO and Link building for Oscommerce Website
This project was awarded to SuperWeb for $100 USD.Get free quotes for a project like this
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The conduct of monetary policy with a shrinking stock of government debt
In many countries, government-budget surpluses have led to a decline in the amount of federal government debt outstanding. This paper considers the consequences of this development for a central bank that conducts monetary policy through open market operations in treasury debt. A model is presented in which a treasury taxes, spends, and issues debt; a central bank conducts monetary policy through open market operations; and banks are intermediaries for all private savings. The model suggests potentially severe consequences from a shrinking stock of government debt in the absence of a change in the conduct of monetary policy. Specifically, the nominal interest rate and the inflation rate cannot be below their seigniorage-maximizing levels. In effect, a small stock of debt combined with restrictions on a central bank's portfolio can put the economy on the Pareto inferior side of the seigniorage Laffer curve, with an unnecessarily high inflation rate and nominal interest rate. Moreover, if the government also runs a primary budget deficit, equilibrium can fail to exist. The model presented can yield estimates of how much debt must be outstanding to avoid each situation. Discount-window lending is a feasible—and desirable— alternative method for conducting monetary policy. It relaxes any restrictions on the attainable set of interest rates and inflation rates implied by a decline in the stock of government debt outstanding. Unless the economy is on the Pareto inferior side of the Laffer curve, welfare is higher when discount-window loans are made at market-determined interest rates.
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Volume (Year): (2002)
Issue (Month): ()
Pages: 848-886
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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
- Leeper, Eric M., 1991. "Equilibria under 'active' and 'passive' monetary and fiscal policies," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 27(1), pages 129-147, February.
- Smith, Bruce D, 1994. "Efficiency and Determinacy of Equilibrium under Inflation Targeting," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 4(3), pages 327-344.
- Bruce Smith & J. Bhattacharya & Mark Guzman, 1998.
"Some Even More Unpleasant Monetarist Arithmetic,"
Canadian Journal of Economics,
Canadian Economics Association, vol. 31(3), pages 596-623, August.
- Bhattacharya, Joydeep & Guzman, Mark G. & Smith, Bruce D., 1998. "Some Even More Unpleasant Monetarist Arithmetic," Staff General Research Papers Archive 5084, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
- Smith, B.D., 1988.
"Interest On Reserves And Sunspot Equilibria: Friedman'S Proposal Reconsidered,"
RCER Working Papers
119, University of Rochester - Center for Economic Research (RCER).
- Bruce D. Smith, 1991. "Interest on Reserves and Sunspot Equilibria: Friedman's Proposal Reconsidered," Review of Economic Studies, Oxford University Press, vol. 58(1), pages 93-105.
- Thomas J. Sargent & Neil Wallace, 1981. "Some unpleasant monetarist arithmetic," Quarterly Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, issue Fall, pages -.
- Greenwood, J. & Smith, B.D., 1995.
"Financial Markets in Development, and the Development of Financial Markets,"
RCER Working Papers
406, University of Rochester - Center for Economic Research (RCER).
- Greenwood, Jeremy & Smith, Bruce D., 1997. "Financial markets in development, and the development of financial markets," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 21(1), pages 145-181, January.
- Stacey L. Schreft & Bruce D. Smith, 1999.
"The evolution of cash transactions : some implications for monetary policy,"
Research Working Paper
99-02, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City.
- Schreft, Stacey L. & Smith, Bruce D., 2000. "The evolution of cash transactions: Some implications for monetary policy," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 46(1), pages 97-120, August.
- Stacey L. Schreft & Bruce D. Smith, 1997. "The evolution of cash transactions: some implications for monetary policy," Financial Services working paper 97-04, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.
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Welcome to Cassar Group
The CASSAR family have been distributing the local market since 1885. The 3rd generation family member finally established CASSAR FUEL LIMITED in the year 2001 and is dedicated to the provision of professional and reliable services to marine and land based industries guaranteed by 125 years experience in the local petroleum sector.
As a bunker trader/supplier, we offer a range of grades of bunker fuels and blends (as per ISO/8217-2005 specs.) of the highest quality at prices that compete favourably not only with those offered by their local counterparts but also by their Mediterranean neighbours.
Major brand lubricating oils are also offered in drums. Bunker supplies are effected by barge and/or road tanker, and all bunker-related activities within the Company are self-supported. In fact Cassar Fuel currently owns and operates two bunker barges of varying capacities as well as a fleet of road tankers, all equipped, manned and operated to the highest of levels, with paramount consideration given to safety issues and to the protection of the environment.


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|"Hunsberger, Peter" <Peter.Hunsber...@stjude.org>
|RE: [RT] Woody and round trip of parameters.
|Wed, 30 Jul 2003 14:37:53 GMT
Marc Portier <email@example.com> asks: > I can't see a need for a field that should be 'calculated > automatically' AND be editable at the same time. > (I tried though) > > > Thoughts ? > We have a couple of weak use cases for this: 1) Normally a medical protocol phase might take 14 days, however in unusual cases it might take longer or shorter. Thus, if someone gives us a "phase start date" we might want to automatically calculate the "phase end date" as start + 14 days, but allow the end user to override the calculated amount if needed. 2) The same thing happens with medication: normally the # of units prescribed = the # of units taken, however if the patient spits up something or refuses something then perhaps the # units taken might be less. So, yes, I'd say there are probably lots of cases where we would take advantage of such a capability if it was available, but we probably wouldn't miss it if wasn't possible... BTW, at the moment we're using XPath (actually anything that can be processed by Saxon's evaluate) as the "language" for specifying calculated fields. Don't know if that's possible given the direction you guys are headed or not?
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Adored Mailing List Recipients,
As winter and various holidays approach, we've added some new items to the Decemberists Shop! While you're there, be sure to check out the new sale section including items from this year's tour.
If you missed it on Giving Tuesday, we performed "Oceanside" from the comfort of our cots to raise awareness for MyMusicRx's Bedstock and their efforts to support sick kids who are stuck in their own beds. You can watch the video below and head over to Bedstockfest.com to see other performances and learn how you can lend a hand.
New Year's Eve is among the fast-approaching holidays, so don't wait too long to grab tickets for A Very December Evening in San Francisco at The Masonic with special guest Thao and the Get Down Stay Down. (Thao did her own Bedstock performance, which you can watch here).
The Decemberists
We performed "Oceanside" from bed for Bedstock to raise awareness of MyMusicRx and their efforts to support sick kids who are stuck in theirs. You can learn more and lend a hand at Bedstockfest.com
Speaking of the giving spirit, if you came out to one of our shows throughout 2015, $1 from your ticket price was set aside for charitable contributions. With your help, together we raised over $80,000 for support organizations doing important work related to autism, adolescent cancer, innovative medical research, music therapy, healthcare for musicians, support for artist philanthropy, homelessness, poverty, justice, and gun violence prevention. You can find out more about each organization, their work, and lend your support by clicking the links above.
Adored Mailing List Recipients,
We have some exciting news that we hope will help make your end-of-year festivities even more festive.
One afternoon this past June, we visited Penner-Ash Wine Cellars, one of the finest wineries in the northern Willamette Valley, known for their stellar pinot noir. Under the guidance of winemakers Lynn and Ron Penner-Ash, we blended our very own barrel. The result of that blending session is a custom Decemberists wine, Bandit Queen, a 2014 Willamette Valley Pinot Noir outfitted with a lovely Carson Ellis-designed label. We are pleased to now be able to offer you a chance to taste Bandit Queen yourself. A very limited-edition run of 300 bottles has been produced and you can find it here. The wine is only available to ship within the U.S., but you'll find all of the fine print on the purchase page.
Following what will likely be a consumptive weekend, please join us on December 1, or "Giving Tuesday," when we'll participate in Bedstock. Bedstock is an online music event which aims to raise awareness for childhood cancer. We'll be joining several other artists by posting a performance to YouTube taped from our beds, or some variation thereof. You can find more information here about the event and how to donate to the Children's Cancer Association.
Speaking of the giving spirit, if you came out to one of our shows throughout 2015, $1 from your ticket price was set aside for charitable contributions. With your help, together we raised over $80,000 for support organizations doing important work related to autism, adolescent cancer, innovative medical research, music therapy, healthcare for musicians, support for artist philanthropy, homelessness, poverty, justice, and gun violence prevention. You can find out more about each organization, their work, and lend your support by clicking the links above.
And finally, don't forget we'll be welcoming in the New Year in San Francisco with A Very December Evening at The Masonic with special guest Thao and the Get Down Stay Down. Tickets are available here.
The Decemberists
We're having a flash sale in the Decemberists Shop with 40% off our full archive of limited-edition silkscreen tour and show posters. Sale ends this Friday night at 11:59pm PT.
Adored Mailing List Recipients,
Apologies for that last message you likely received via these channels. Certain tax documents have come to light considering the group of "self-described motivational/spiritual mentors" to whom we loaned our mailing list and we have quickly moved to separate ourselves from their organization. Call 971-23-ALIVE and follow the speakers instructions AT YOUR OWN FINANCIAL RISK.
To make up for this great lapse in judgment on our part, we'd like to give you INSIDE INFORMATION regarding a very special event that is about to go down in the great city of SAN FRANCISCO.
Bear witness to a turning of the season! Come welcome in the New Year with The Decemberists and very special guest Thao & The Get Down Stay Down at the Masonic in San Francisco on December 31 at A VERY DECEMBER EVENING. This will be the second only New Year's Eve show the band has ever played (the first being, as far as anyone can remember, some random show at an arts center in Seattle in 2003 where the band was guaranteed the highest fee they'd been offered to date, which they promptly blew on tux rentals and a few cases of very high-end champagne – they will not make this mistake again).
Tickets will go on sale this Friday, October 30, at 10am PT here.
Please come. Dress nice. Or dress down. Bring your sweetheart. Or your friend. Or just yourself. Come say fare-thee-well to 2015 and a hale hello to 2016. Come see out December, awash in the glow of your newfound Decemberism.
The new year will bring about the band's return to AUSTRALIA for Bluesfest Byron Bay. As we're feeling generous with our INSIDE INFORMATION, we now can inform you that they will be following up the festival with shows in Melbourne and Sydney at Hamer Hall on March 29 with special guest Shakey Graves and Sydney Opera House on March 30, respectively. Tickets will go on sale this Friday at 9am AEST.
The Decemberists
Greetings, would-be parishioners to the Great Community!
I am C.M., founder and CEO of the Institute for the Research and Expansion of Decemberism Worldwide, LLC. I've "borrowed" this space from my friends and yours, The Decemberists, in order to make an appeal to your very soul.
Your life is limitless. It is. DID YOU KNOW THAT?
Researchers have shown that the human species uses only 5% of its brainial capacity – Cabraincity. A trivial amount. There remains an untapped 95% Cabraincity in all humans. Whither this surplus?
Additionally, scientists have successfully created – inside sterile labs – fractional dimensions outside of our own. Visible only via infrared light. DO YOU WISH TO LOOK INSIDE?
If these ideas frighten you, look away. If you are excited by the mention of UNCHAINED HUMAN POSSIBILITY then please watch – nay, experience – the following video, for which The Decemberists have graciously provided a soundtrack (all appropriate licenses via The IREDW, LLC, Tierra Del Fuego). The song is called "Cavalry Captain." We here at the Institute find it deliciously apropos.
It also bears mentioning that The Decemberists' new five song EP (for real this time) is also out in physical, digital and spiritual form today. Its title is Florasongs. Please peruse the tracklisting these comprise the NEW SOUNDTRACK OF YOUR LIFE.
1. Why Would I Now?
2. Riverswim
3. Fits & Starts
4. The Harrowed and the Haunted
5. Stateside
Watch. Listen. JOIN.
CEO, Institute for the Research and Expansion of Decemberism Worldwide, LLC
Adored Mailing List Recipients,
We'll be returning to Australia in March for Bluesfest Byron Bay! We're performing on the 26th and 27th, visit bluesfest.com.au for details and tickets. There will be a couple other shows while we're there but those are still a ways off from announcing.
We're currently out on the road for our last run of headlining shows in the states for a good while. If you're planning on coming to one of the dates, be on the look out at the merch table for the limited tour poster, designed by Nate Duval.
Our new EP, Florasongs, comes out next Friday, October 9, so aim to pre-order by this Friday to be sure it'll arrive by release day. You can opt for CD, vinyl, tee bundles, or digital on iTunes or Google Play.
Jenny is releasing an album of instrumental music entitled French Kayaking Music written for the film Voyagers Without Trace by Ian McCluskey and NW Documentary. Jenny and her husband Steve Drizos have collaborated to create a group of pieces, both beautiful and haunting, echoing the sounds of France and the old west. The film tells the story of a French trio who kayaked the Green and Colorado rivers in 1938. CDs, vinyl, and a companion sheet music book will be available at the Decemberists Shop on October 30. You can learn more at the sparkling-new JennyConlee.com. If you are in the Portland area there are a few events to celebrate the release:
– The film will be premiering at OMSI in Portland, OR on Thursday, October 22. At the event, Jenny will be doing a short concert with current and past Decemberists Nate Query and Ezra Holbrook.
– Record release show will be held Sunday, November 1 at the Doug Fir Lounge in Portland, OR, with special guests Blue Cranes.
– LP to be released on VINYL TUESDAY with in-store performance at Music Millennium on Tuesday, November 24.
All the best,
The Decemberists
Adored Mailing List Recipients,
Seems like only yesterday, AMLR, that we Decemberists arose, homonaledi-like, from the South African cavern of our hiatus and presented unto the world our 8th (Im pretty sure) long-playing record What A Terrible World, What A Beautiful World, but it was, in fact, last January.
It would be strange if it were, actually, yesterday. Because in the interim, weve toured the world*, performed on television and radio, made videos and have generally made a nuisance of ourselves in the face of an indulging public. For that, we thank you.
But to our point: you may not know this, but nineteen songs were recorded for WATW,WABW, each one of them a contender. Since there are very few records in existence that merit a nineteen-plus song tracklist (e.g. Tusk, Zen Arcade, and nope, thats it), we mercifully whittled it down to fourteen tracks.
Where did the other five songs go?
Well, since you asked, you might as well know they've been neatly slotted on to an EP which will be released by Capitol Records on October 9th. It will be called florasongs (a reference to that woody sanctuary that is Tucker Martines Portland studio) and here is the track listing:
1. Why Would I Now?
2. Riverswim
3. Fits & Starts
4. The Harrowed and the Haunted
5. Stateside
You can pre-order this tasty gem RIGHT NOW, via our webshop. Purchase it on its own, if you must, or opt for one of the PREORDER BUNDLES, by which the record will arrive in your mailbox or PO address with a tastefully designed t-shirt of your size specifications. 10 vinyl or CD, folks. For the digitally-inclined, we would direct you to iTunes. Wherever you order, you'll receive an instant download of the lead track from the EP, "Why Would I Now?
We have another run of tour dates starting in a few weeks that will lead us into the EPs release. Since we last wrote, we've added a show at the Capitol Theatre in Port Chester, NY on Sept 24 with Lucius and two more dates in Texas: the Majestic Theatre in Dallas on October 2 and an ACL Late Night Show in Austin on October 3. The tour also includes stops in Boston, NYC, Louisville, Indianapolis, Madison and the Pilgrimage Music & Cultural Festival in Franklin, TN and Austin City Limits Music Festival. There will be more dates to come beyond this run (perhaps a far off place that rhymes with Gosbrailia) so stay tuned for more.
All the best,
The Decemberists
We've just added an ACL Fest Late Night Show on October 3 in Austin, TX at ACL Live with Olivia Chaney. Tickets will go on sale this Friday at 10am here.
We've added two new tour dates!
Sept 24 – Port Chester, NY – The Capitol Theatre
Oct 2 – Dallas, TX – The Majestic Theatre
A limited ticket pre-sale will begin tomorrow, July 28, at 10am local time at Decemberists.com. If you miss out, public on sale is this Friday, July 31.


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Embraer (NYSE:ERJ), the world's leading manufacturer of commercial jets up to 120 seats, recorded net sales of US$843.4 million, in the first quarter 2007 (1Q07) and net income of US$26.2 million, equivalent to diluted earnings per ADS of US$0.1412. Analysts had been expecting the company to earn $0.40 on $853 million in sales. As was reported a month ago, the miss resulted from production issues.
Due to difficulties with the supply chain of the EMBRAER 170/190 family, Embraer delivered 25 aircraft during the first quarter of 2007, compared to 27 deliveries during the same quarter in 2006. Furthermore, the Company's industrial costs increased as a result of longer production lead time and higher man/hour labor costs in its production process, including those related to overtime work, in order to achieve the scheduled deliveries.
Given that the shares rallied when the company reported the initial production levels last month, investors may fairly wonder why the shares are dropping on today's news. Obviously the report last month was just aircraft - not revenue or earnings. And analysts were able to get fairly close to the right revenue number but still fell way short on earnings. In part it is likely that the estimates didn't properly reflect operating leverage - it is something all too frequently underestimated. However, a good part of it was related to the efforts made to stem the production issues. As the company reported:
In order to be better prepared for the expected production ramp-up in the coming quarters, Embraer has hired approximately 2,000 employees, since January 2007 all of which engaged in a training program. Since the costs related thereto are accounted for as "industrial costs," the Company's gross margin for the quarter was adversely affected. Most of the new employees will be working a third shift, to be fully implemented during the third quarter of 2007. The training program can last up to 90 days, and all employees are coached by experienced professionals.
It sounds expensive, and clearly it was. It is also highly unlikely that they caught Embraer management entirely by surprise. It would have been a good idea for the company to give a heads-up regarding the extra costs when they reported the production levels in April.
ERJ 1-yr chart:


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|Message view
|« Date » · « Thread »
|« Date » · « Thread »
|Rick Hillegas <Richard.Hille...@Sun.COM>
|Re: [VOTE] Approve coding conventions for the Derby project
|Mon, 14 Aug 2006 20:02:03 GMT
I don't want to stop the vote if we can avoid it. However, I have some misgivings that we may not agree on what we're approving. Everyone may be hearing what they want to hear. I am ok with the vote continuing provided that we understand this: Clarity is the key goal of Derby's coding standards. The coding guidelines at http://java.sun.com/docs/codeconv/html/CodeConvTOC.doc.html are a style primer, not a law book. Mine this document for good examples but use your common sense. Feel free to disregard any advice which is religious in nature or which would make your code brittle. Above all else, write clearly. Regards, -Rick Kathey Marsden wrote: > Rick Hillegas wrote: > >> I am happy with this clarification. > > > great! That is a relief > >> I would prefer that the proposal stated this explicitly so that there >> is no confusion. > > > If you are ok in principle, I'd rather not stop the vote now if we can > avoid it. Perhaps you could propose new wording for a subsequent > revision if you think it is important. The important thing in > publishing a coding convention is that new developers joining the > project can set their IDE's/editors a certain way and know if they do > that they won't hit any tripwires. Just about every new developer in > this project (except for you) has hit this tripwire. You were keen to > it having navigated the course before. Most folks coming in to fix > their bug and get out, don't have time for the traditional code > formatting hazing ritual and I don't care to subject them to it > anymore. This has wasted a lot of people a lot of time. > > Kathey > >
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