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Thanks SO much for you nice compliment on my newest layouts "She's Beautiful to Me" Much appreciated. sherry
Thank you for visiting and for the kind words:)
Thanks so much for stopping by and leaving love on my file folder album. Totally appreciate your time!
Hi!!! Thanks for stopping by and leaving sweet comments on my gallery! Have a wonderful day! Hugs!!! Lisa
Thanks for stopping by with some gallery love, on my sons JUST TEN YEARS layout.. much appreciate!
I am working on an angel package for you. Sorry the last one didn't arrive. Maybe it will still get there. Sent it out early December. :(
Merry Christmas from my house to yours!!!!
Happy Thanksgiving Christia!
Ho Ho Ho Secret pal! I have been thinking about you!!!
Hello Secret Sister! I am done shopping for you and I think you are going to LOVE what I have put together for you!
Hi Secret Sis! I just stopped by to say HI and I have been looking at your wishlist! Be sure to keep it up to date! Have a good rest of your week!
Hello Secret Sis!!!
Hiya new friend - Just had a very enjoyable stroll through your gallery - that was fun! Take care & see you 'round. :)
Thanks for the love on my book cover and book mark!
Christia-- THAT STINKS! If you will tell me what you want, I will cut it for you and send it to you!I would be HAPPY to do it for you!!!!JLMK what you want!
Hey Christia-
PVC pipe is plumbing pip and you can get it at lowes. They should cut it for you but you will have to ask. I glued mine together with Aleene's tacky glue. I have just finished spray painting it black so I can embellish it. I would use a little larger pip if I were you-- mine filled up in a hurry! I used 9 pieces- one for each color group (Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple, black, white, brown). It was SOOOOOO easy!. You mentioned a back for it-- just buy the end caps for the PVC. Tell the Lowe's guy what you want and he/she should help you and know what you need. Let me know if you make one!
Thanks for stopping by and leaving me some love! I knew you would like my Coffee ATC! I have been asked where I got the stamp! I told them from the best coffee/tea pal EVER!
hi just stopped in to say hello and have a nice day! hugs left some for you!, joan
I have been shopping!


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Showing 1-24 of 127 items found in Outdoors & Play
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If you're looking for a challenging and scenic Chicago area golf course, then Water's Edge is for you. Designed by Rick Robbins and PGA Consultant Gary Koch, this golf course is 18 holes of championship golf that is as challenging as it is scenic. Robbins is known for designing playable courses and Water's Edge is no exception. Measuring 6904 yards from the back tees and 5332 yards from the forward tees, golfers of every skill level will enjoy a day at Water's Edge. And with lush natural grasses, protected wetlands and dense forest golfers will remember this upscale, par 72 as one of the most beautiful courses in the Chicagoland area.
A multipurpose open play area, Woodridge Town Center hosts a variety of festivals in Woodridge.
Includes three ice surfaces, public skate 7 days a week, learn-to-skate and hockey classes, observation area, off-ice training center, party/conference rooms, arcade and a pro shop.
Village Greens of Woodridge golf course, located in Woodridge, Illinois, features an 18-hole, fun, affordable, public daily fee golf course always in great condition and considered one of Chicago's best value for golf. Golfers find Village Greens tree-lined fairways and golfer friendly atmosphere an ideal layout.
Seven Bridges Golf Club, a 4-Star rated course by Golf Digest, provides a golf experience unlike any other. Seven Bridges is recognized as one of the top 5 public courses in the Chicagoland area. It's a public course with a private course feel. Our finely-manicured course boasts a bucolic setting featuring 100-year-old oaks, picturesque lily pad ponds, and, of course, at least seven bridges. Following your round, you can enjoy a meal and drinks at the best 19th hole setting anywhere, The Dock, which offers great dining and sunset views.
Home to catfish, walleye, northern pike, bass, pan fish, picnic and recreation.
This site's 5,500 acres make up one of the largest and most used hunting and field trailing areas in the state. It also offers camping, picnicking, boating, fishing, two small natural areas and 12 miles of equestrian trails with cross-country jumps.
Largest open space in northeast Illinois.
The Gemini Giant is a landmark statue on U.S. Route 66. The 30 foot tall statue is named after the Gemini space program and holds a silver "rocket ship" in his hands, while sporting an astronaut's space helmet that looks more like a welding mask.
Cinder Ridge is an exciting 18 hole regulation course located at the Cinder Ridge Golf Links facility in Wilmington, IL. From the longest tees it presents 6,968 yards of golf for a par of 42. The course was designed by George Kappos and opened in 1995. The course rating is 74.1 with a slope rating of 139.
Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie
The Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie is located about 60 miles south of Chicago on Historic Route 66. Midewin is not only the largest prairie restoration site east of the Mississippi River, but also the largest open space in northeastern Illinois. Trails available for hiking, biking, and horseback riding. A small herd of bison was introduced here in October 2015 and it is possible (although not guaranteed) to spot them from our trails.
Ten-acre horse farm offers hayrides and riding lessons, plus a petting zoo, exotic animals and even a monthly line dancing event.
Little Red Schoolhouse Nature Center - Willow Springs
Forest preserve nature center designed to educate the public about the importance of wildlife and our environment.
CITY:Willow Springs
Little Red Schoolhouse Nature Center
Nature center with 3 miles of walking/hiking trails through woodland, wetland, and prairie. Exhibit building displays local wildlife. Educational activities year round.
CITY:Willow Springs
Columbia Woods Forest Preserve
Offers places to fish and picnic. Canoe access. Biking. A host for "A River Thru History" each September, where you can step back 200 years into Chicago's past with a festive gathering of fur trappers, settlers, craftsmen, and entertains along the banks of the Des Plaines River.
CITY:Willow Springs
An easy 30-minute drive from downtown Chicago places you squarely in this sprawling forest preserve. With 78 miles of wide and singletrack trails at an intermediate level of difficulty, you should expect the unexpected, starting with plenty of hills, fast descents, meandering paths and more.
CITY:Willow Springs
Cemetery Trail in Palos lives up to its name with narrow tracks that snake through dense foliage. A must ride for any thrill-seeking trekking enthusiast.
CITY:Willow Springs
Sited outdoors over some 300 acres, the 21-piece collection contains monumental works by many of the 20th century's most important sculptors, including Puryear, Nauman, Disuvero and Hunt.
CITY:University Park
Welcome to Chicago Southland's Best Conditioned Golf Course. Deer Creek Golf Club is rated 3 1/2 Stars by Golf Digest Magazine and is continually voted as one of Chicago's places to play. Deer Creek is a beautifully manicured Championship golf course with bent grass greens, 7 lakes and 55 sand bunkers. Throughout the course you will find aesthetically pleasing naturalized areas, which include a wide variety of wildflowers.
CITY:University Park
Riegel Farm & Conservation Center
Riegel Farm has a very diverse group of animal residents. We have exotic birds and reptiles such as an alligator and snakes. Birthday parties, group tours, pony rides and hayrides.
CITY:University Park
You'll find 32 bowling lanes, all equipped with bumpers for kids, cosmic bowling on weekends, a snack bar, lounge and a bowling pro shop that's open daily during the season.
CITY:Tinley Park
White Water Canyon Water Park is an affordable, wet and wild oasis just 30 minutes from downtown Chicago, perfect for the whole family!
CITY:Tinley Park
Odyssey Fun World - Tinley Park
Visit our website for discounts and packages. Games, Laser Tag, Batting Cages, Soft Playland, Go-Karts, Bumper Boats, Inflatable Park & more!
CITY:Tinley Park
Tinley Junction Miniature Golf and Batting Cages
Are you a mini golf pro? Bring the family to Tinley Junction, an 18-hole miniature golf course with a garden railroad theme. All Aboard!
CITY:Tinley Park


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Looking to strengthen your expertise of Cassandra and DataStax Enterprise? This DataStax Training Webinar will arm you with the knowledge and hands-on skills to get the most out of your DataStax Enterprise environment. If you've already taken a DataStax training, consider this a free refresher. Considering training? Then this is a solid intro for developers and admins on your team.
This webinar will highlight the training curriculum and drill into each of the Cassandra expert-led courses so you can determine what meets your needs. Training topics:
Core Concepts, Skills, and Tools
Operations & Performance Tuning
Data Modeling
Using Apache Solr within DataStax Enterprise
And more!


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The Anatomy of a Residential Mortgage Crisis: A Look Back to the 1930s
Looking back to the 1930s provides the opportunity to examine one severe mortgage crisis as we live through another. This paper examines the development of the residential mortgage market during the 1920s, the institutional disruptions that occurred in the 1930s and the policy response of federal and state governments. The crisis reshaped the structure and development of the residential mortgage market and led to a postwar system in which portfolio lenders dominated both local and interregional markets. Some pre-1930 innovations--mortgage insurance and high-leverage, affordable loans--were written into federal programs and became part of the new system. But early experiments and proposals for securitization did not survive the 1930s and the implementation of this innovation was delayed for forty years.
If you experience problems downloading a file, check if you have the proper application to view it first. In case of further problems read the IDEAS help page. Note that these files are not on the IDEAS site. Please be patient as the files may be large.
|Date of creation:
|Jul 2010
|Publication status:
|published as "The Anatomy Of A Residential Mortgage Crisis: A Look Back To The 1930s", in L. Mitchell (ed.) The Panic of 2008: Causes, Consequences and Proposals for Reform.
|Contact details of provider:
| Postal: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Phone: 617-868-3900
Web page: http://www.nber.org
More information through EDIRC
References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
- Kenneth Snowden, 1995. "The Evolution of Interregional Mortgage Lending Channels, 1870-1940: The Life Insurance-Mortgage Company Connection," NBER Chapters, in: Coordination and Information: Historical Perspectives on the Organization of Enterprise, pages 209-256 National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Snowden, Kenneth A., 1988. "Mortgage Lending and American Urbanization, 1880–1890," The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 48(02), pages 273-285, June.
- Kenneth A. Snowden, 2010. "Covered Farm Mortgage Bonds in the Late Nineteenth Century U.S," NBER Working Papers 16242, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Snowden, Kenneth A, 1997. "Building and loan associations in the U.S., 1880-1893: the origins of localization in the residential mortgage market," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(3), pages 227-250, September.
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Grand Masters in Summerland
Summerland curling rink is hosting the Grand Masters Men 70-plus event that starts Feb. 5 to 7. There are six teams entered. Three from Summerland, two from Kelowna and one from Osoyoos. The winner will represent zone 3 at the provincial playoffs in Nanaimo.
We encourage an open exchange of ideas on this story's topic, but we ask you to follow our guidelines for respecting community standards. Personal attacks, inappropriate language, and off-topic comments may be removed, and comment privileges revoked, per our Terms of Use. Please see our FAQ if you have questions or concerns about using Facebook to comment.


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While You Were Sleeping: Stella McCartney's Daughterly Love, Tyra is a Bestselling Author, Plus More!
-Stella McCartney designed Nancy Shevell's wedding dress for her weekend wedding to Stella's dad, Paul. [ContactMusic]
-Tyra Banks' Modelland is #2 on the New York Times children's chapter books best-seller list. [NewNowNext]
-Brit band The Feeling is providing the soundtrack for the new Burberry Body commercial starring Rosie Huntington-Whiteley. [FashionEtc]
-Anderson Cooper took on The Row's $39,000 backpack in a CNN segment. [CNN]
-Model Anne V. stars in the campaign for Gucci Westman's new Revlon collection. [PageSix]
-Karlie Kloss, Jourdan Dunn and Lindsey Wixson played a lively game of 20 Questions at Rodarte's spring fitting. [Styleite]
-Sayonara, skinnies: oversized pants are taking over the runways and the streets. [WhoWhatWear]


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OpenSUSE Leap 42.2 Beta2 OpenSUSE Leap 42.2 Beta2Submitted by Roy Schestowitz on Tuesday 27th of September 2016 09:47:56 AM Filed under
Leap 42.2 Beta2 is looking pretty good, except for the problems with Plasma 5 and the nouveau driver. That's really an upstream issue (a "kde.org" issue). I hope that is fixed in time for the final release. Otherwise, I may have to give up on KDE for that box.
Lenovo G50 & CentOS 7.2 MATE - Fairly solidSubmitted by Roy Schestowitz on Saturday 24th of September 2016 09:37:53 PM Filed under
Is there a perfect track record for any which distro? No. Do any two desktop environments ever behave the same? No. Is there anything really good and cool about the MATE offering? Yes, definitely. It's not the finest, but it's definitely quite all right.
You do get very decent hardware support, adequate battery life and good performance, smartphone and media support is top notch, and your applications will all run happily. On the other hand, you will struggle with Samba and Bluetooth, and there are some odd issues here and there. I think the Gnome and Xfce offerings are better, but MATE is not to be dissed as a useless relic. Far from it, this is definitely an option you ought to consider if you're into less-than-mainstream desktops, and you happen to like CentOS. To sum it all up, another goodie in the growing arsenal of CentOS fun facts. Enjoy.
2016 LiFT Scholarship Winner Yasin Sekabira: Open Source EntrepreneurSubmitted by Rianne Schestowitz on Friday 23rd of September 2016 09:29:09 PM Filed under
Being a LiFT Scholarship 2016 recipient on paper is like a dream come true. It's an opportunity to work even harder, train harder, and stay competitive in what you really do best,
Today open source and Linux are absolutely up there in the top, it's an opportunity to sharpen my open source skills from newbie to Ninja Pro. With The Linux Foundation and Linus Torvalds, you just feel like you're learning and mastering Kung fu from Bruce-Lee.
The LiFT Scholarship will help me to prepare for my LFCE (Linux Foundation Certified Engineer), and hopefully pass it and add it to my belt. The LFCE badge really shows the world that you can play like Messi or Score like T.Henry of Arsenal.
A Not For The Everyday Linux User Review Of Porteus 3.1Submitted by Rianne Schestowitz on Friday 23rd of September 2016 09:26:12 PM Filed under
Ok, so this is the way I see it. Porteus is fine as a USB based distribution if you just want to use a web browser and maybe type a document.
For everything else it is just too difficult and for no real reward. For instance I could create a Xubuntu or Lubuntu persistent USB drive and all the hardware stuff would work out of the box and I would have access to the full software repositories.
With Porteus it feels like you are fighting it and if something is difficult to master then it needs to provide some reward for the effort such as having something so cool that you go wow.
Yes it is small at around the 300 megabytes mark and it boots quickly. The download screen is a good idea and whilst the idea of save files isn't new (Puppy does it, as do persistent *buntu distributions) the concept is a decent one.
The fact that you have to mess around with configuration files to get it to work and the fact that there is a concept of cheat codes and the fact that finding and installing software is so convoluted just makes it too much effort.
OpenMandriva Lx 3.0Submitted by Roy Schestowitz on Thursday 22nd of September 2016 02:41:25 AM Filed under
OpenMandriva is a member of the Mandriva (formally Mandrake Linux) family of Linux distributions. OpenMandriva strives to be a newcomer friendly, desktop operating system. The latest release, version 3.0, features version 5.6 of the KDE Plasma desktop environment and the Calamares system installer. This release of OpenMandriva was compiled using the Clang compiler which is unusual for a Linux distribution as most distributions use the GNU Compiler Collection to build their software. From the end-user's perspective the choice of compiler will probably have no practical impact, but it does suggest the OpenMandriva team sees either a practical or philosophical benefit to using the liberally licensed Clang compiler.
OpenMandriva is available in 32-bit and 64-bit builds for the x86 architecture. I downloaded the project's 64-bit build which is approximately 1.8GB in size. Booting from the project's media brings up a menu asking if we would like to start a live desktop session or launch the Calamares system installer. Taking the live option brings up a graphical configuration wizard which asks us a handful of questions. We are asked to select our preferred language from a list, accept a license agreement, select our keyboard's layout from a list and confirm our time zone. With these steps completed, the wizard disappears and the Plasma desktop loads. The desktop displays an application menu, task switcher and system tray at the bottom of the screen. The wallpaper is a soft blue and, on the desktop, we find an icon which will launch the Calamares system installer. Other icons on the desktop are available for launching a welcome screen and accessing the OpenMandriva website.
Parsix Normalizes GNOMESubmitted by Rianne Schestowitz on Tuesday 20th of September 2016 01:07:35 PM Filed under
The Parsix project's goal is to provide a ready-to-use and easy-to-install Debian operating system with the latest stable release of the GNOME desktop environment. The Parsix distro meets that goal and even goes beyond it.
The developer community is far more independent than other Debian testing-based derivatives. The Parsix community keeps four software repositories enabled by default. Official repositories contain packages maintained by project developers that are built on the community's own build servers.
Content repository is a snapshot of Debian's stable branch. Wonderland repository contains multimedia-related software packages and is a snapshot of Debian multimedia repositories.
Even better is the fact that the community maintains its own security software repository for both the stable and testing branches. Parsix Developers closely follow Debian Security Advisories and port them to the distro's own security repository.
GNU/Linux Review: elementary OS 0.4 LokiSubmitted by Roy Schestowitz on Sunday 18th of September 2016 11:10:39 AM Filed under
elementary OS 0.4 "Loki" has released at 9 September 2016. I tried elementary OS Loki for 6 days and now it's time for the review. I wrote this review for beginners and first timers in GNU/Linux, especially in elementary OS. I cover shortly 18 aspects such as shortcut keys, memory usage, audio/video support, desktop experiences, and also elementary OS Loki default software applications. As overall (mentioned below), it's really exciting and comfortable experience for me to review and use elementary OS now, in Loki release. I hope this review is really helpful to you.
Movie Review: Snowden (2016)Submitted by Rianne Schestowitz on Friday 16th of September 2016 01:23:32 AM Filed under
As a Linux fan, one thing that dissapointed me was the use of way more Microsoft Windows and Mac OS in the computer screen shots... than Linux. Sure there was a ton of command line windows and text streaming by... but usually with a Windows logo at the bottom left corner. I don't think the word "Linux" was ever mentioned. One thing that was highly featured in the film was the"Electronic Frontier Foundation" (EFF) sticker Edward had on the back of his laptop. At times it almost felt like a commercial for the EFF... and that was a good thing.
I don't think I spoiled the movie too much and I highly recommend you go and see it. By the way, since we got such a late start, the cinama folks gave each audience member a free ticket to see another movie. That was awesome. Thanks Regal Gallatin Valley Cinemas 11!
An Everyday Linux User Review Of Linux Lite 3.0Submitted by Rianne Schestowitz on Friday 16th of September 2016 01:13:28 AM Filed under
Lets start with the positives because there are many. The first thing is that Linux Lite works and it is easy to use.
You can install most of the major packages using a simple tool and you can install updates and drivers quite easily.
There is a major downside and that is the lack of EFI support. I could understand this if Linux Lite was targeting older hardware but it comes in a 64-bit version and I would imagine most 64-bit computers are EFI enabled.
The target audience for Linux Lite is clearly the average computer user but it is at an immediate disadvantage to Linux Mint which is easier to install and just as easy to use.
I will leave it on a positive though. The artwork within Linux Lite is excellent with really good theming and hey, Steam works.
Lubuntu 16.04 - good operating system with a bit of disappointmentSubmitted by Rianne Schestowitz on Wednesday 14th of September 2016 09:45:44 AM Filed under
The reason? I am not so fond of an LXDE desktop environment that isn't an integrated desktop environment per se, but rather a collection of different small tools under the same roof.
But anyway I thought there should be a review for this distribution, especially because it is in the Top-20 of Distrowatch rating.
As happened multiple times before, the trigger was a request from my customers. One of them ordered a disk with Lubuntu 16.04 operating system. You can order your personal copy of Lubuntu operating system too!
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Kerala saves Rs 300 cr as schools switch to open software
The Kerala government has made a saving of Rs 300 crore through introduction and adoption of Free & Open Source Software (FOSS) in the school education sector, said a state government official on Sunday. IT became a compulsory subject in Kerala schools from 2003, but it was in 2005 only that FOSS was introduced in a phased manner and started to replace proprietary software. The decision made by the curriculum committee to implement it in the higher secondary sector has also been completed now.


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VIDEO: 200 Ton Palfinger Folding Boom Crane
May 5, 2016
Below is a video Eagle West Cranes new 200 Ton Palfinger folding boom crane hoisting rooftop units in Surrey for…
Supplying Vancouver and the Lower Mainland with Redi-Rock retaining walls, concrete blocks & barriers and concrete wheel-stops.
The new Redi-Rock installs like a one-ton Lego, and who doesn't love playing with Legos? Each massive, one-ton block has a knob and groove design that makes retaining walls fast and easy to install.
At Eagle West Precast we have installed 1000's of MOT certified barriers. See more about our certified barriers for your next project.
At Eagle West we believe that the culture of our company and the people who choose to live and work in this culture deliver a significant advantage to you our customers. Read more.
Learn about the latest industry trends, thought leadership and how our concrete products are being used in current case histories and press releases.
May 5, 2016
Below is a video Eagle West Cranes new 200 Ton Palfinger folding boom crane hoisting rooftop units in Surrey for…
April 22, 2016
The below video is for the Eagle West Cranes 270 ton hydraulic crane hoisting concrete panels on Ellis Street in…
April 8, 2016
Low Level Road Project – North Vancouver – Redi-Rock Retaining Walls
The Low Level Road Project located in Nort…


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Clunie Lodge Guest House
Cluniebank Road Braemar, Aberdeen AB35 5ZP, United Kingdom
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Check-in: 15:30
Check-out: 10:00
The Aberdeen Northern Hotel has many original features, it has a ballroom and a bar with two large screens tv and two pool tables. It also offers free WiFi access and public parking in the area (also free).
The hotel is located downtown, just 100 meters from the bars and restaurants. The train station is about 5 minutes, the airport is 10 minutes.
The hotel has 50 rooms all equipped with television, radio, telephone, tea / coffee making facilities, private bathroom and hairdryer.
Cluniebank Road Braemar Aberdeen AB35 5ZP, United Kingdom


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Arms: Far West Belated 12th Night Baronial Visit
Sponsoring Branch: Stronghold of Warrior's Gate
Location: Seoul, South Korea
The Pacific Rim
Sponsoring Branch: Stronghold of Warrior's Gate
Location: Seoul, South Korea
Barony of the Far West Coronet Rapier Tourney
Hosted by Vale de Draco
Site Information: Kadena Air Base, Marek Park, Pavilion 1, Okinawa Japan
We welcome one and all to come and participate in the Baronial Coronet to determine who our next Baron and Baroness will be. Victor will be determined by right of heavy Marshal Combat.
Current Baron / Baroness of a Baronial branch group.
The seneschal is the legal representative of a branch. Seneschals sign all contracts, make sure that things are done pursuant to the restrictions of all modern laws, corpora and kingdom law, work with the chatelaines to handle all public relations, and normally conduct the business meetings.


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Majorly awesome!
Reviewed By Broqsten B (Wilmington, OH) Reviewed for a 2013 BMW 3-Series —2/8/2017 8:29 PM
Suction cups go on in about 10 seconds each. Easily removed by pulling the tabs on the edge of the cups. My Cannondale mountain bike attached at the front fork and the back wheel was supported by the Velcro loop and suction cup. It feels very solid up there. No noticeable road noise. Took it up to 80 mph and no issues at all. Highly recommend this bike rack to anyone looking for a low cost alternative to rear strap mounts. I didn't want the roof bars because of the cost, bulk, and noise.
ProZ Hitch
Reviewed By Johnathan R (FORT WALTON BEACH, FL) Reviewed for a 2016 Volkswagen GTI —2/8/2017 6:33 AM
I was hesitant at buying an item that has no reviews but I took a chance. The discounted price was too good to pass up. The installation is straight forward and easy. The rack is plenty sturdy and has enough clearance on my 16 GTI.


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Smart cities—filled with sensors and connected tech to help solve everything from traffic jams to pollution—have been slow to materialize. But Singapore has come up with a plan to become the world's first "smart nation." Every inch of the country will be wired and collecting data to help build better services.
"We are working to 'dashboard' the entire nation of Singapore, and to use a range of data to continuously improve how we provide critical services to citizens in areas such as health care, transport, and resources," says Steve Leonard, the executive deputy chairman of Infocomm Development Authority, Singapore's national technology arm.
Various cities are experimenting with smart technology, like Copenhagen, which is testing out dozens of smart streetlights that can save massive amounts of energy. But if Singapore is successful, it will be the first place to fully connect all infrastructure.
"A city does things that are a little bit more narrow," Leonard says. "There's smart streetlights, smart traffic light management or smart waste collection, and those are are great things, but we believe that at a national level we could and should be doing much more."
Singapore already collects a wide range of data about systems like transportation; the country even knows where individual cars travel, through in-car devices that are also used for paying tolls on certain streets. But they hope to understand even more about how the country's infrastructure works, and how the systems work together.
"The important thing is not to let that data be in a silo," says Leonard. "We're trying to think about how to mesh data from different sources to tackle some of these big problems of the future, such as urban density and aging population."
Transport data, for example, could be used with health data to figure out how self-driving cars might soon help take elderly patients to the doctor or hospital.
Now, the country has opened up 8,000 government data sets to the world, and now is inviting startups everywhere to try to come up with new solutions that the country can test. The government is also working to quickly collect more data about every possible system.
"We're working on something that we've named E3A, which is our way of looking at communications for the future: Everything and everyone, everywhere, all the time," Leonard says.
It's the kind of project that raises big questions about privacy. If everything is tracked, including where you drive in a private car or when a patient goes to the doctor, there's the obvious risk of personal information being misused. But there's also the potential for better urban planning and new innovation.
"A smart nation is about anything you can imagine," Leonard says. "We know energy efficiency is important, we know health care is important, transport, public safety, all these things are important. Which is why we're saying nation, not smart city, because we think that's a smaller map."
Singapore might be uniquely suited to be the first country to take smart infrastructure to scale—it's manageably small (in area, it's about half the size of Los Angeles) and already highly connected. The semi-authoritarian government—while it has other challenges—also has the power to actually build something like this quickly.
"There's no doubt that Singapore's government has the ability to be more nimble and to move these things along in a way that will get things done much more quickly," says Leonard. "We have the ability to anticipate the future and do something about it."
Singapore plans to roll out the new system in stages, working with entrepreneurs and startups around the world to test new solutions. "We're trying to represent a living lab," Leonard says. "These things are going to be important for a lot of governments around the world in the future, and we're just trying to get a jump on it."


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Piasa Bird Mural at Piasa Park
Located on the edge of Alton, Piasa Park is an attractive stop for motorists, picnickers and bicyclists. The park is set at the base of the giant Piasa Bird mural that is painted on the side of a huge bluff. A large granite arrowhead tells the story of the Piasa Bird, which, according to legend, Chief Ouatoga and his 20 warriors killed with poison darts.
Alton Museum of History and Art
Winged monsters, explorers, riverboats and a gentle giant. The Alton Museum of History & Art shows the crossroads of American history in Alton. The museum is located in the historic Loomis Hall across from the Wadlow statue. Loomis Hall is the oldest building in the state of Illinois continuously utilized for education. One of the most popular rooms, the Wadlow Room, pays tribute to Alton's "Gentle Giant" and the World's Tallest Man. The Pioneer Room explores the history of Alton from the Lewis & Clark Expedition to the Civil War with exhibits on Elijah Lovejoy, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates and the "Alton Route" on the Underground Railroad. Hours: Wednesday - Saturday 10 a.m. - 4 p.m., Sunday 1 - 4 p.m.
Amish Country Tours with ACM Tours
ACM Tours is a full service, receptive tour guide company with many special services available at no additional cost. We literally open the door to fabulous Illinois Amish Country! We are ready to assist you with meals, attractions, lodging and step on guide service. We have available trained, professional, local step-on guides who are well versed in the history, customs and folklore of this most unique part of Illinois.
The Bensenville Park District and the DuPage County Forest Preserve have been working to restore this property and land. Fischer Farm is believed to be one of the oldest remaining homesteads in the county. Explore the buildings, touch the artifacts, and connect with history.
Designed by Louis Sullivan with assistance from his junior draftsman, Frank Lloyd Wright, the Charnley-Persky House is recognized as a pivotal work of modern American architecture. Docent-led tours of the exterior and interior of the Charnley-Persky House (1891-1892) are offered on Wednesdays and Saturdays throughout the year. The National Historic Landmark building serves as the headquarters of the Society of Architectural Historians. Photos by David Schalliol.
The Chicago History Museum is a major museum and research center for Chicago and American history. From permanent galleries to special exhibitions and exciting programs, people of all ages are able to experience the past and better understand the present. Please call for museum hours, pricing and exhibitions.
Explore Chicago with a friendly, knowledgeable Chicago Greeter as your guide! Visitors can register for a free 2-4 hour guided walking tour of a neighborhood or special local interest of their choice. This free service matches an individual, family or small group of friends with one of over 200 enthusiastic volunteer Greeters who love sharing their expertise and passion about the city and all there is to see and do here. For more information, visit http://www.explorechicago.org/city/en/things_see_do/tours/tourism/chicago_greeter_tours.html.
Chicago's architectural showplace for the lively and visual arts. Daily programs and exhibitions covering a wide range of the performing, visual and literary arts are presented by the Chicago Department of Cultural Affiars. See the world's largest Tiffany stained-glass dome. It was initially built for dual purposes. It was the city's central library and a monument dedicated to the Civil War's Grand Army of the Republic. Since 1977 the building has housed cultural entities that included galleries, an auditorium, and the city's office of cultural affairs. The building architects are Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge.
Chicago Architecture Foundation/ ArchiCenter
Chicago: You Are Here, a permanent exhibition, is free and open to the public daily in the ArcelorMittal CitySpace Gallery from 9:30 am to 5:00 pm. Designed to encourage visitors to explore the architecture and infrastructure that make up the environment of Chicago, You Are Here includes a scale model of the Loop, along with bold images, artifacts, and multimedia presentations. Temporary, architecture-themed exhibitions throughout the year. Free and open daily. Check website for details. Full schedule of lectures, workshops, special events and presentations at noon, evenings, and weekends throughout the year. Free or low cost. Check website for listings.
Absolutely Chicago Segway Tours
Try a segway tour, where you'll enjoy fantastic views of Chicago's famous attractions. Explore Chicago by day or night with friendly tour guides.
Bobby's Bike Hike Chicago Tours
Tour Chicago on a cool cruiser-style bicycle and follow a guide who makes brief stops at the most popular sights, providing light-hearted commentary that will keep you entertained. Some fun rides include the Lakefront Neighborhoods Tour, Bikes, Bites and Brews Tour, and the Southside Gangster Tour.
These half-day bus excursions celebrate the history, stories, traditions, and most importantly, the people of our great city. Tours departing weekly from the Chicago Cultural Center. Explore Chicago's neighborhoods with local tour guides. All tours are conducted by motorcoach and by foot, and depart from the Chicago Cultural Center, 77 East Randolph Street. Check in at 9:30 am in the main seating area behind the Randolph Cafe. Unless otherwise specified, tours do not include lunch or refreshments. All tours are $30 for adults and $25 for seniors/students/children, with the exception of Taste of the Neighborhoods ($50/$45). Cash and major credit cards are accepted. Chicago Neighborhood Tours is presented by the Chicago Office of Tourism and Culture.
Chicago Cubs Wrigley Field Tours
Get an insider's look at this historic American landmark that has enchanted baseball fans for almost a century. Each 90-minute guided tour shows guests the clubhouses, bleachers, press box, dugout, field, and more.
Architect Frank Gehry designed this spectacular outdoor concert venue in Millennium Park that is home to the Grant Park Music Festival, along with other free concerts and events.
Chicago Savvy Tours specializes in architectural and historical tours of Chicago, and offers a variety of services for both private and group tours.
Victory Gardens Biograph Theater
Located in the famed Biograph Theater, one of Chicago's most celebrated historic landmarks, Victory Gardens Theater was the recipient of the 2001 Tony Award for Outstanding Regional Theatre. Victory Gardens is dedicated to presenting the work of great contemporary playwrights.
Housed in the historic Water Tower Water Works, this award-winning, local ensemble has offered dynamic, physical, intellectual theater since 1989. The main stage will allow Lookingglass to reconfigure the stage and audience seating as dictated by the needs of each production, allowing for a maximum capacity of 270 persons, 60 of whom may be seated at the balcony level.
The Black Ensemble Theater is a dynamic organization described as a local cornerstone, a national treasure and an international success. It has launched over 100 productions and employed over 5,000 artists since its inception. Annually 50,000 patrons experience its musical theater and it has become one of the most prominant African-American theater companies in the nation.
Visitors can enjoy a dazzling music, light and water show at the Clarence F. Buckingham Memorial Fountain, one of the largest fountains in the world. Located at Columbus Drive, shows runs from dusk to 11pm every hour and lasts for 20 minutes. Operates April through mid-October.
Chicago Trolley and Double Decker Co.
We operate Chicago's premier Hop On Hop Off ® city sightseeing tours in the classic red & green Trolleys and fun-filled Double Decker buses. We also offer private group transportation for special events such as weddings, parties, and corporate outings. For 19 years the Hop On Hop Off® sightseeing tour has been the gold standard for entertaining and informative tours. Covering 13 miles and 14 stops, the Signature Tour is an eye-popping adventure through the heart of Chicago, giving you the option of Hopping On and Off at your choice of stops to visit the hottest retail, cultural, and family attractions. Summer tours include neighborhood tours and night tours.
The Chicago Pedway Tour will lead you through the Pedway, the backdrop for an amusing and enlightening tour of some of the hot-spots (or a least warm-spots) of downtown Chicago. The tour focuses on interesting anecdotes and tales about some of the great buildings downtown, but it's also a study of the city underneath the city. The Pedway is a strange and wonderful place and adds so much to the city's personality. These are great tours for Chicagoans who want to learn more about the city and for tourists who want a full Chicago experience without ever going outside. The tour is 90 minutes and is $20. Monday/Thursday/Saturday at 10:30 am. Please note: the start location for the Monday and Thursday tour is at 40 W. Lake St. in the "Gallery of Shops." The start location for the Saturday tour is at start at Block 37 – 108 N. State St.
DuSable Museum of African-American History Black History Month Celebration of HEART & SOUL
Chicago's Renowned DuSable Museum of African American History serves as backdrop for Black History Month celebration of HEART & SOUL. A special presentation of HEART & SOUL, an ABC 7 series that taps into the essence of Chicago's African American community, will air Saturday, January 28 at 6:00 pm.
Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site
Illinois' only United Nations World Heritage Site. This 2,200-acre site preserves the central section of the largest prehistoric Indian city north of Mexico. An Interpretive Center presents a coherent account of this sophisticated prehistoric culture. Climb Monk's Mound, see the film and life-size village. Don't miss annual events that focus on Native American culture.
Danville Dans at Historic Danville Stadium
Built in 1946 as part of the Brooklyn Dodgers farm system, during the summer the field is home to the Danville Dans, a college summer wooden bat team. This NCAA-sanctioned, Major League-sponsored wooden bat collegiate league plays at Danville Stadium.


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Precipitation is one of few homozygous pinto warmblood stallions in the world.He has a great personality and wonderful movement .Tate by the dutch stallion…Stud Fee: $1,000
Special Edition GES is a young, up and coming pinto Oldenburg stallion by Sempatico out of an Art Deco mare. He has tested homozygous for the tobiano gene…Stud Fee: $400
This ad is for the stud fee of a registered KWPN jumper bay pinto DWB sport horse. At age 5 y.o., Camelot is a super eventing prospect. Has had 20 months…Stud Fee: $500
Gorgeous Pinto Friesian/Dutch Warmblood- KWPN Stallion available for Stud.service.Height 16.1 Grand son of SamberThe most successful colored sport horse…Stud Fee: $1,000
Gunner is uphill with wonderful movement and is solid jumping to 2.5 feet. He has an easy-going temperament. He passes temperament and big floaty gates…Stud Fee: $600
We are not going to be breeding any mares for a couple of years, so have decided, with permission from Silverwood Farms, to sell our remaining breeding…Not Available
Whitesboro, TX


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Renaissance man Matthew Barney is such a busy artistic powerhouse these days (Cremaster 3's climactic movement, "The Order," is out this month on DVD), we thought we'd lend him a hand with the scenarios for the next Cremaster "cycle." No, thank you, Mr. Barney!
Cremaster 8
Wearing a bronze jockstrap, an astronaut's helmet, and a coat of mango-peach latex paint, Barney scales Angkor Wat while the Green Bay Packers sit in an empty swimming pool, taking turns to blow up a used-car-lot balloon figure of Uncle Sam through a valve on its crotch. Cambodians slowly fill up the pool with cups of guacamole. By the time Barney finishes his climb and sings "If I Can't Sell It, I'll Keep Sittin' On It," the Packers are immersed.
Cremaster 6
Whoopi Goldberg reads the Magna Carta over the Yankee Stadium PA system, as a boa constrictor slowly slithers around the bases after a remote-control toy car with a real mouse in the driver's seat. In the outfield, 30 naked women play 30 grand pianos wearing cardboard Dalai Lama masks. When the boa makes it home, fireworks erupt, spelling "I LIKE IKE" in the sky.
Cremaster 7
Strapped together with bungee cords, Barney and a proboscis monkey run through a shopping mall as members of the Bolshoi Ballet and the cast of Mummenschanz battle each other with paintball guns. Barney is dressed as Elizabeth II; the monkey is completely shaved. In Sears, they meet Udo Kier, who's trimming dwarf juniper trees with a toenail cutter. Together the trio make it to the parking lot, board a circus elephant, and ride into the sunset.
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MIDDLEBURY — The Middlebury College baseball team posted a 2-8 record during its annual spring break trip to Tucson, Ariz. The final three games of the trip were NESCAC West games against Williams, and the Ephs came out with the three-game sweep. The Panthers' Wednesday game at Plattsburgh was postponed.
ADDISON COUNTY — Vermont State Police were called to look into an assault that occurred at the Big Wheel gas station on Route 116 South in Bristol on Monday, March 31, at approximately 5:30 p.m.
Editor's note: The lead item in this log was updated on Friday, April 4.
VERGENNES — Vergennes police on Monday said an allegation made early last week of embezzlement at the Addison Northwest Supervisory Union office remains under investigation.
MIDDLEBURY — Middlebury police on March 26 received a request from a local woman to destroy what was allegedly a bag of heroin that she had found in her husband's laundry.
In other action last week, Middlebury police:
• Quieted a noisy Jayne Court couple who said they were "play wrestling" while watching the TV show "Duck Dynasty" on March 24.
MONTPELIER — Hunters took 14,107 deer during Vermont's four deer hunting seasons in 2013, according to a report on last year's hunting success released March 20 by the Vermont Fish & Wildlife Department.
The number of legal bucks with at least two points on one antler totaled 8,831, up 8 percent from the year before.
The full text of this article is only available to online subscribers.
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ADDISON COUNTY — The Watershed Center, a nonprofit conservation group that maintains hundreds of acres of wilderness, mostly in northwestern Bristol but also in New Haven, held its annual meeting March 16 to plan its agenda and public events for the coming year, including a spring celebration and a birding outing.
The group promotes conservation practices and holds regular events on its two tracts of land for residents and school groups.
BRISTOL — An expanding food program at Bristol Elementary School will give more children access to healthy food during the week, and also on weekends.
The initiative, called "Bites in a Bag," is a partnership between the Bristol Have-A-Heart Food Shelf, the Bristol Elementary food service staff and parent volunteers.
The group sends students home at the end of each week with a snack bag stocked with foods such as cheese sticks, yogurt, popcorn, fruits and vegetables.
MIDDLEBURY — The Middlebury College Board of Trustees has approved a tuition increase of 2.5 percent to $45,637 for the 2014–2015 academic year. This is the fifth consecutive year that Middlebury College has limited the increase in tuition to 1 percentage point above inflation as measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI). The CPI increased by 1.5 percent in 2013.
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|An Old Coaster Comes Home
|enlightened the Government as to the true nature of the reverence in
which the Ashantis held this ancient shrine the shrine of the nations
soul .... From such a conflict the timely researches of Captain Rattray
saved Britain and Ashanti.71
|As soon as the Golden Stool affair was over, Rattray went off to Lake
|Bosomtwi for a fortnight. Like most people who have visited it, his
imagination was fired by this uncannily symmetrical volcanic bowl, about
five miles in diameter, surrounded by steep forest which gives it an air of
perpetual stillness. It feels like a place of origins, and Rattrays specific
reason for going there was to investigate the origin of the ntoro exogamous
divisions, one of which was called Bosomtwe. Each Ashanti individual is
descended from two family trees: the first, for most purposes more
important, is traced through the female line and is usually called abusua.
Property is usually inherited through this line, which is why Ashantis are
generally referred to as matrilineal, and why they mystify more
patrilineal Europeans by paying more attention to their material uncles
than their fathers. But there is also ntoro which goes through the male line.
Several of the ntoro clans are named after lakes or rivers, including
Bosomtwe. It is hard to know exactly what Rattray expected to find there:
what he brought back was a hotch-potch of statistics about the Lake; stories
of the origin of its name; a rite at a sacred stone by the Lake shore and a
sacrifice to the Lake spirit; an account of the way the inhabitants fish from
roughly-shaped logs, called mpadua, boats and paddles of all kinds being
tabooed; a description of the mysterious occurrences known as the Lake
conceiving, when the colour of the water in the lake changes to almost
black, and apparently quite suddenly, for they say this often happens at
night, the air becomes full of a choking smell of what they describe as
gunpowder72 .... simultaneously, or soon after, the whole surface of the
lake becomes covered with fish, either dead or flapping on the surface so
that they can be readily caught. Finally, there were soundings taken from
a trip three-quarters of the way across the Lake on a raft pushed by the
men on their mpadua they refused to go any further because there was
another taboo on crossing the Lake. A modern anthropologist might find it
unsystematic, and it is hard to see what some of the information is doing in
|71E.W. Smith: The Golden Stool (1926) pp.13, 14.
72Rattray, Ashanti, 1923, p.67.
|An Old Coaster Comes Home
|a paper on ntoro exogamous divisions. But one can argue in his defence
that Bosomtwe is both a ntoro division and a lake at one and the same time,
and it is misleading to separate these aspects. The Ashanti believe, Rattray
tells us, that just before death the sunsum or ntoro spirit, about to quit the
body for ever, flits from wherever the dying man or woman may be, to
this lake and says goodbye: hence the lakes cognomen Akowuakra,
which he translated as The Lake of the Last Farewell. A sense of its
symbolic or imaginative importance led him to Bosumtwe and by including
everything that caught his eye, he succeeded in communicating it, to give to
the abstract notion of ntoro a local habitation and a name.
|After Bosomtwe, he went up to his old home at Ejura, to record an
|Afahye ceremony the festival of the first-fruits of the yam harvest. It
had already started two days earlier and the day he arrived, a Saturday,
was a break in the proceedings, which would resume at eleven oclock. The
next day, he watched the women preparing the temple with whitewash and
red clay, then went back to the rest-house he had built himself. At eleven
oclock he went back to the town and
|sat down at the foot of a great baobab tree just at the entrance of the
courtyard of the Konkroma temple. Not a soul was about and the whole
of the village seemed asleep. I had the usual West African hurricane
lamp beside me, and as I sat a man came out of the shadows, peered into
my face, and next moment had thrown both his arms round my neck,
saying, Oboroni obofo, the European hunter. It was Opoku, his
elephant-hunter guide from his first days in Ashanti We sat and
talked about the old days and I made him tell me all about sasammoa, i.e.
animals which are spiritually, not physically, dangerous.73
|On his return to Kumasi in December, he found that in a smaller way
|fate had once more stepped in to help on his work. A deputation of all the
Ashanti chiefs except two came to Harper to ask him to ban A Vanished
Dynasty: Ashanti by the previous Chief Commissioner, Sir Francis Fuller,
which had just come out. They complained that Fuller had said on the first
page that the Ashanti royal family came from Bona, which they said was
impossible because the Bona people are all slaves and that their traditions
and histories should be compiles by the chiefs and elders who knew them,
|73Ibid, pp. 206-7.
|An Old Coaster Comes Home
|not by outsiders.74 Harper told them it was impossible to ban the book, but
he seized on the second part of the petition and asked if they would co-
operate in producing an official, authenticated history of each Stool. This
was the starting-point of the detailed stool-histories in Rattrays Ashanti
Law and Constitution: it must be a rare example of a pioneer
anthropological work produced at the instigation of the people studies.
|Rattray brought Harper the six papers he had completed in the five
|months since he came official anthropologist. They were: (i) The Ashanti
Family System; (ii) Queen Mothers (iii) The Golden Stool; (iv) Gold
Weights; (v) NtoroExogamous Divisions, with a special account of Lake
Bosumtwi; and (vi) Neolithic Implements in Ashanti. The titles show the
heterogeneous, ad hoc nature of his work at this stage. The Family System
and ntoro would be accepted at any time as sensible points from which to
start a survey of Ashanti culture, but the other subjects had simply
cropped up. The interest in neolithic implements dated from his time at
Ejura: it was revived when he was forced to stay during the first days of
his new job at Obuasi, out of reach of the best places for social-
anthropological fieldwork but rich in remains of the old material culture.
Similarly with the gold-weights. Like almost every European on the Gold
Coast, he had collected these marvellously varied and attractive bronze
miniatures, reflecting in caricature almost every aspect of everyday life in
Ashantiland; and he had been in a good position to build up a fine
collection. I suspect that one motive in producing a paper was to cater to an
interest which he already knew to exist in a great many government
officers, and so draw their attention and approval to his other work. From
the first both he and Harper intended that the papers should be circulated
amongst ordinary officers, and they both knew that some resistance would
have to be overcome.
|The other two titles, The Golden Stool and Queen Mothers, relate
|even more closely to what may be called the pragmatic basis of Rattrays
work. We have already seen how the report on the Golden Stool came
about. The paper on Queen Mothers arose originally from his study of
Ashanti Family System, but he soon saw its practical importance to
political officers. Europeans on the Gold Coast had discovered early on
that the female line was more important there than in their own societies,
but they had failed to follow its political implications, blinded by the
|74The Bona referred to by Fuller, and presumably by the chiefs, was the town in the
|Ivory Coast, north of Bondouku, and not the Brong area which is also often called Bona.
There may well have been truth in Fullers information.
|An Old Coaster Comes Home
|apparent prominence of males on public occasions: Mary Kingsley (That
great Englishwoman, as Rattray called her) had kept here eyes wider open
when she watched British officials holding palaver with a chief, on the
Queen Mother The old woman you may see crouching behind him, or
whom you may not see at all, but who is with him all the same, and says,
Do not listen to the white man, it is bad for you.75 Rattray demonstrated
that in the old days the Queen Mothers were in every sense the power
behind the throne, and that successive generations of Europeans had
alienated them by giving all their attention to the chiefs. Now, he claimed,
it has been my privilege to have broken down in some measure the
barriers of the suspicion and distrust that divide us from these old African
mothers, and the reward has been a revelation which is till so fresh upon
me as to make it perhaps difficult to grasp its fully significance.76 He
urged that the government should give the Queen Mothers official
recognition: it would do more for the moral welfare of the Ashanti race
than by the expenditure of many thousands of pounds on a campaign
conducted through the medium of the comparatively small number of
educated African women .... Some recognition of this kind would, I believe
mark an epoch in African administration, and the results for good would
be very great. If, however, we really wish to break up the clan system,
then we are doing the right thing by ignoring the position of these women,
for they are the keystone of the whole structure.77
|Future generations of D.C.s were to curse Rattray for giving Harper
|and Guggisberg this advice, which they were told to put into practice. Stool
disputes were blamed on the Queen Mothers getting above themselves.
And the disgruntled D.C.s had a point. Recognition of the Queen Mothers
showed up the essential contradiction in Indirect Rule that the
traditional forms of government were recognised without being given any
real initiative. It might even be argued that the British government had
won the co-operation of the chiefs by taking over the role of the Queen
Mothers or else by taking the chiefs side in the sex-war! Nevertheless,
Rattrays general point held then and holds even mores strongly now
how many modern Ghanaians would disagree that their country has
|75Cited in Rattray (1923) p.81.
77Ibid p.85.
|An Old Coaster Comes Home
|suffered from its adoption of the European tradition of keeping women out
of politics?
|Harper was understandably impressed by Rattrays work, as were the
|other Europeans in Kumasi. Officials and their wives, and the Mercantile
community, are eager to read his papers he wrote in his diary. There
would be a ready sale for his pamphlets and for albums of his photographs.
He is very interested in his work and can talk in an interesting way about
it. He is going to give lectures in Coomassie, and I propose to ask the
general community, Europeans and Native to attend. So far he has been
very successful in spite of a rather artistic temperament.78
|As Harper wrote these words, Rattray was already in the Bekwai area
|living in a small mud hut near the Queen Mothers village and preparing
for a visit to the Sacred Grove at Santemanso. Like Bosumtwe, this was a
place of origins, where the first human beings were supposed to have come
forth out of holes in the ground. It was just off the main motor road from
Kumasi to the coast, but as Rattray pointed out, the myth of origin seemed
to be borne out by the places appearance:
|In the vicinity of this spot is an area of dense primeval forest. The
|keen observer will note there are no clearings and no cocoa-trees, and if
the mounds through which every now and then the motor road cuts, are
minutely examined, they will be found not to be ant- hills but kitchen
middens from which project fragments of ancient pottery in which I
found many neolithic instruments. The forest around for miles is dotted
with these mounds, and the whole of this area along the banks of the
Asuben River must, at some remote period, have been the site of a great
settlement, larger by far than any Ashanti towns or villages of the
present day.79
|The grove itself was marked only by a few summe trees and an ancient
|wild-fig tree with eight pots half buried at its foot. A week elapsed between
his first and second visit, which he spent recording the history of the origin
|78Sir C.H. Harper, Memoranda etc.
79R.S. Rattray, Ashanti, 1923, pp. 121-2.
|An Old Coaster Comes Home
|of the people how very long ago upon a certain Monday night, a worm
came up through the ground followed by the seven first men, the first
women, a leopard and a dog; of the origin of the great Wukuda oath, when
Adu Ogyinae was killed by a falling tree as the first huts were made; of the
origin of fire and cooking, and the breaking of the clan into the Aduana
and Owoko. it may seem like a childrens fairy story, he said, but it was
otherwise in the environment where I first heard it, and as it was told me
by the old Queen Mother in the presence of the chief (the leader of the left
wing of the Ashanti army), old Kobina Wusu, the little hunchback herald,
and other grey-beards.80
|After recording an impressive ceremony at the Grove, Rattray left for
|Mampong, where he spent Christmas. Harper visited him there on New
Years Day, and they had a long discussion about his work and the
possibilities of publishing it. They agreed that the Anthropological
departments and societies in England should be approached: Harper had
already approached Guggisberg about this and favoured Oxford. Rattray
then set about his next project, which was to investigate the famous talking
drums, using his phonographic equipment. The secret of the talking drums
has been discovered many times as recently as the 1980s an article in the
Scientific American talked of it as shrouded with mystery.81 But Rattray
really was the first to explain it adequately. He had already approached the
problem in his Ashanti Proverbs, establishing as the basic principle that
Tympanophony, or drum-talking, is an attempt to imitate by means of two
drums (a male and a female) set in different keys the exact sound or
words of the human voice.82 But he had failed (rather surprisingly) to
connect this with the tonal character of West African language. Now, he
got Osai Kojo, the old court drummer of Mampong, to set up his drums in
his bungalow and go through the long drum-history of Mampong, and to
answer his questions. With the help of Christallers Grammar, he made a
phonetic analysis of the drum language, showing how the features of
speech tone, vowel, consonant, duration, emphasis and even gesture
are mimicked on the drums. He also pointed out the languages limitations:
how it was not really possible for the news of the fall of Khartoum to
reach Cape Town before the telegraph, because the drum-languages were
|80Ibid, p. 123.
81J.F. Carrington, The talking drums of Africa, Scientific American, 198?, pp. 91-4.
82Rattray (1916) pp 121,22.
|An Old Coaster Comes Home
|co-extensive with the spoken languages, and in any case they could only
work with a tonal language, which most of the East African languages are
not. He suggested that the real explanation for these miracles was that the
telegraph had been intercepted: How often in the little village in Scotland
in which I was brought up, have I had the news I was later to receive as the
contents of a telegram related to me by one of the villagers and we have
no drum language in Galloway!83 He also showed how much it depended
on a stock of conventional phrases: that it was not really flexible enough
for the drummer to communicate easily new combinations of words and
phrases.84 He may have been unduly influenced by the fact that he was
investigating a particularly formal and ritualised type of drumming. Dr.
A.L. Jones has shown how in Ewe music, words and music are virtually
the same thing, and that the drums have a range of an octave or more.85 I
myself have seen Ghanaian students talking to each other by whistling,
when it was too far to shout (the language in this instance was Ga).
|In February, Harper visited him again and reported:
|Had a talk with Rattray about his work. He is keen and responds very
|readily to a little encouragement.86 He has heard from a friend of his an
explanation of the phenomenon reported in one of his monographs in
connection with Lake Bosomtwe....87 Rattray had an attack of influenza,
and by way of convalescing went off with two fetishmen and a hunter
and lived in a cave on the Nkoranza road. One morning he was on the
trail of a couple of bull elephants and came across three Bongo, one male
and two females, within ten yards of him. He would not fire at them as
he wished to get the elephant. He could not come up with the elephant,
|83Rattray (1923) p.255.
84Ibid, 134.
85A.L. Jones, Studies in African Music, 19??, pp. ??.
86Guggisberg underlined this when he received the report.
87I.e. the Lakes conceiving (see p.69). The friend was T. Robertson of the
|Geological Survey office in London.
|An Old Coaster Comes Home
|and so threw away the chance of being the first European on the Gold
Coast to shoot a Bongo.88
|The cave was at Epira, and the hunter was almost certainly his friend
|Opoku. The episode with the Bongo is most mysterious. It is a large
antelope, one of the sasa animals which he had discussed with Opoku when
he had met with him again at Ejura two months earlier. In Religion and
Art in Ashanti, he was to write:
|Of all these sasa animals, the bongo is the most dangerous and the
|most feared. I can vouch for it being extraordinarily elusive. I have
hunted this noble-looking antelope for years; followed it through
swamps and under thickets where one hundred yards in half an hour is
good going; taken every precaution known to the hunter, e.g. never
mentioning it by name, and speaking of it by one of its sobriquets in a
whisper, and carried medicine to further the quest.89
|This being so, the only reason I can suggest why he did not kill one
|when the opportunity was offered at point-blank range is greed: perhaps he
wanted some ivory to support himself when he got home on leave, and
Bongos, however sought-after, do not grow ivory.
|Harper raised the question of Queen Mothers again, and it struck them
|that they might use the occasion of Princess Marys wedding, much in the
news, for some kind of ceremony of reconciliation between the
government and these old mothers of Africa. With the Golden Stool fresh
in their minds, they decided to put it to the Queen Mother of Mampong,
Sewa Akoto, that a stool, not Golden but Silver, might be presented on
behalf of the Queen Mothers to the English Princess. Sewa Akoto, with
whom Rattray had long been on the best of terms, agreed readily, and the
stool was duly carved, decorated and consecrated. On April 4th
|88Sir C.H. Harper, Memoranda etc.
89R.S. Rattray, Religion and Art in Ashanti, 1927, p. 183.
|An Old Coaster Comes Home
|Guggisberg and his wife came up to Kumasi for the ceremony of
presentation outside the fort. Sewa Akotos speech began:
|Lady Guggisberg, wife of His Excellency,
I place this stool in your hands. It is a gift on her wedding for the
|Kings child, Princess Mary.
|Ashanti stool-makers have carved it, and Ashanti silversmiths have
|embossed it.
|All the Queen Mothers who dwell here in Ashanti have contributed to
|it, and as I am the senior Queen Mother in Ashanti, I stand as
representative of all the Queen Mothers and place it in your hands to
send to the Kings child.
|It may be that the Kings child has heard of the Golden Stool of
|Ashanti. That is the stool which contains the soul of the Ashanti nation.
All we women of Ashanti thank the Governor exceedingly because he
has declared to us that the English will never again ask us to hand over
that stool.
|This stool we give gladly. It does not contain our soul as our Golden
|Stool does, but it contains all the love of us Queen Mothers and of our
women ....90
In his speech of thanks, on his wifes behalf, Guggisberg said: The
|Queen Mothers are a great power in Ashanti, and long may they keep that
power and use it for the betterment of the people!91 Rattray could feel that
at last he was at the centre of events.
|There was a certain irony for Rattray in these celebrations, because
|besides seeing the establishment of his new career as an anthropologist, the
last few months had seen the end of his marriage. Already in Accra he had
suspected Connie of infidelity, but the essential fact of the matter was that
|90Cited in R.S. Rattray, Ashanti, 1923, pp. 294-5.
91Cited in C.H. Harper: Memoranda, etc.
|An Old Coaster Comes Home
|she was not prepared to sit in a lonely bungalow indefinitely while he went
off on hunting and anthropological expeditions, and if she showed any
signs of enjoying herself he suspected the worst. He blamed her to some
extent for holding him back in Togoland, and he was not going to sacrifice
his plans again to save a marriage which he thought she had destroyed. The
last we hear of her in the Gold Coast is when they visited Harper in
September. As soon as he started on his ethnographic tour she left for
England: whether because he suspected another affair or because she was
finding the new life intolerable it is impossible to say now. He would spend
the next seventeen years trying to get a divorce from her, but she would
not help him. In any case, the marital upset did not prevent the year from
1921 to 1922 from being the most productive and satisfactory of his life.
|His search for origins took him next to the North of Ashanti. His friends
|in Mampong told him to go there because it was the home of the gods
above all of Tano, the river which is also the greatest of the Sons of
Nyame. He set up in Nkoranza, where he stayed for a few days making
friends with the priests and old fetish women, as Mary Kingsleys
African friend ungallantly described these very charming, old and young
ladies.92 On 11th April, with his guides and (when necessary)
interpreters, Kwaku Abu and Wisirka, he set out for Tano Oboase, Tanos
source and headquarters. On the way he had to go through Tekyeman,
where he was delayed:
|I had a good press, as we should say, for I was at once called upon
|by every one of note in their ecclesiastical world. A stroll round the
town, which included a return call upon the omanhene (chief) and the
presentation of letters of introduction from the Chief Commissioner of
Ashanti, an impromptu exhibition in the court-yard of the palace upon
the big talking drums, upon which I drummed out the prelude of one of
their set-pieces the only one I knew a certain reputation as an
elephant hunter that had preceded me here all these combined to make
these people accept me as almost one of themselves.
|92Rattray (1923) p.152.
Go to CSAC Pages


text:
Water Garden Supplies Ames IA
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The Secret Life of Ponds
Water makes life on the planet not just livable, but possible. All organisms are utterly dependent on it for survival. Our bodies are 80 percent water. It covers three-quarters of the Earth's surface, but only 3 percent of that area is fresh water (the rest is oceanic salt water), and more than half of that is in the form of ice. There are lots of ways to wade into water in schoolyard gardens and habitats: exploring transpiration, experimenting with mulches and other means of conserving water, creating weather stations, restoring wetlands, and assessing the water needs of area wildlife, to name a few. Many teachers have also discovered the value of schoolyard ponds as teaching tools. They can inspire explorations of the life and chemistry of aquatic ecosystems, along with reading, writing, and quiet reflection. So, you have little space? You can create a mini-pond in a corner of a courtyard or even in a half-barrel.A Balanced Equation
As dynamic ecosystems, ponds feature a constant interaction among living and nonliving elements. To be a steward of pond life, you should have a basic understanding of this fascinating chemistry. Here's the (very) short course. First, the players:
Algae, the organisms that form the familiar green pond scum and grow on underwater objects, are neither plant nor animal, but organisms that photosynthesize (produce food and oxygen) using sunlight. They form the basis for aquatic food chains.
Pond plants come in two forms: submerged (those that grow completely under water) and floating-leaved (their leaves lie on top and roots reach to the bottom). The submerged plants, which are the pond's greatest source of oxygen, absorb nutrients through their leaves (competing with algae for light and food) and provide places for fish to hide. The floating-leaved plants take in nutrients through their roots and provide shading that keeps floating algae in check and helps moderate the temperature.
Fish require oxygen, nutrients, and places to hide their eggs. Their waste products, such as ammonia, are absorbed as nutrients by plants (as is and when broken down into nitrates). Snails, tadpoles, and other scavengers eat algae, plant debris, and other once-living matter.
Oxygen and carbon dioxide in the air dissolve into pondwater at the surface and where bubbles cause air and water to mix. During daylight, aquatic plants and algae release oxygen as they photosynthesize. Fish, other animals, and plants, meanwhile, consume oxygen from the water and produce carbon dioxide as they respire. On sunny days, the effects of photosynthesis outweigh the effects of plant respiration, so oxygen increases and carbon dioxide decreases (the opposite is true when sunlight is not available). On very sunny days, your students can look for small bubbles of oxygen gas on the leaves of aquatic plants. Oxygen is also consumed when organic materials, such as animal waste and plants, decompose in water. The pH of pondwater rises on sunny days (...
Click here to read the rest of this article from KidsGardening


text:
Ten Day Review
Poop Tracker 2.0 has been available in the App Store for 10 days. Here are some stats and observations.
Many of these numbers may be considered too "green" for true consideration.
App Store Views have not changed dramatically
App Installations (downloads) are way down
Daily Users is down* but entries per user per day are slightly up
*there are a few straggling users still using the old version of the app
After 10 days and 8 days, both of my Mail Chimp campaigns to existing users have seen similar results.
Though the sample size was small (~100 per subject line), using mail merge to customize the subject line was most effective.


text:
Newegg.com - A great place to buy computers, computer parts, electronics, software, accessories, and DVDs online. With great prices, fast shipping, and top-rated customer service - once you know, you Newegg.
If you are reading this message, Please click this link to reload this page.(Do not use your browser's "Refresh" button). Please email us if you're running the latest version of your browser and you still see this message.
Newegg.com - Computer Parts, Laptops, Electronics, HDTVs, Digital Cameras and More!
Ships from United States. Most customers receive within 4-8 days.
Sold and Shipped by Costume Craze
The Boys Epic Robin Hood Costume is based on the famous character from English Folklore who was known for robbing from the rich to help the poor. The Boy's Epic Robin Hood costume features a green tunic with a brown wrap belt that ties in the front. It also has a short brown hooded cape, a brown wrist gauntlet and brown knee high boot covers. Although he does the wrong thing for the right reason we must appreciate his cause. He in an uncommon hero who devoted his life to helping those who are less fortunate. Robin Hood is a great character to be for Halloween. To give added authenticity to your Robin Hood costume you can purchase a toy bow and arrow, sold separately .
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Some manufacturers place restrictions on how details of their products may be communicated.
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text:
Gold Corners
More from Desert Spring Elements Kit
Recent Comments
yaaay! thanks a lot :D greetings from spain
This is pretty!
thank you.
Very nice
~*~ thank you ~*~
Designed By
About Me
Hi There! I'm Marisa Lerin and you'll see me around at Pixel Scrapper a lot. I started this site in 2010 soon after I discovered a new love in digital scrapbooking. Pixel Scrapper has gone through some significant changes since that time and it's grown into this lovely community site you are seeing now. I am daily surprised by the turn of life's events that has led me down this path. If you're new to the site, welcome! Here are a few tidbits about me that I hope will help you get to know me better!
I'm originally from Minnesota, USA, but spent a good chunk of my childhood living abroad (in Bolivia and Hong Kong). I returned to Minnesota to attend university, got married and then moved overseas again (Korea, then Jordan and 1 year of traveling). My designs are heavily influenced by these many nomadic years. I am currently back in the USA, now living in the great state of Oregon!
I have no official training for what I'm doing, since I decided very wisely (haha) to study physics in university. I am always learning new things about digital scrapbooking, and this community has been immensely helpful for that!
If I manage to stop digital scrapbooking you will probably find me watching TV, reading or baking. I also enjoy writing for the blog here at Pixel Scrapper where I talk about whatever happens to be catching my fancy at the moment.
gold, metal, corners, desert spring kit, embellishment, element
Image Dimensions
- 877 x 955 pixels
- 2.92 x 3.18 inches
You may have received this element in the newsletter mini kit.
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text:
18 Things a Cat Nap Can Fix
Yeah, we know. You didn't sleep well last night. So why not take a nap?
Studies show that not only will you feel better almost immediately, says Sara Mednick, Ph.D., a sleep medicine researcher at the University of California at San Diego and author of Take a Nap! Change Your Life, but a daily nap of between 20 and 90 minutes before 4:00 P.M. will also increase your mental performance, reduce your chances of gaining weight, and make you feel a whole lot more like having sex after dinner than you probably do now. What's more, it won't affect your nighttime sleep.
All told, a nap, according to Dr. Mednick, will:
- Increase your on-the-job alertness by 100 percent
- Sharpen your thinking so you make more accurate judgments and better decisions
- Ramp up your productivity
- Regenerate skin cells so you look younger
- Increase your sex drive
- Help you lose weight by altering metabolism and shifting chemicals that affect appetite
- Reduce your risk of heart attack, stroke, irregular heartbeat, high blood pressure, and other cardiovascular problems
- Lift your mood by bathing your brain in the neurotransmitter serotonin
- Speed up your ability to perform motor tasks, like typing, operating machinery, even swimming
- Improve your accuracy — in everything
- Improve the way your body processes carbs, which reduces your risk of diabetes
- Sharpen your senses so you take in what's important in your environment — and screen out the 24-hour culture chatter that surrounds us
- Put your brain into its creative gear so you can come up with fresh ideas
- Trigger a naturally occurring hormone that blocks the destructive chemicals produced by stress
- Boost your ability to learn something new — and, better yet, remember it
- Zap the need for drugs like caffeine and alcohol to manipulate your mood and energy level
- Relieve migrainesImprove your nighttime sleep by eliminating that wired feeling and thus shutting off the brain chatter
- Make you feel good all over
Republished from:
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Thanks! You're on our list.
And about to get a whole lot healthier.
Some people like to travel by train because it combines the slowness of a car with the cramped public exposure of an airplane.
Dennis Miller
I think my pilot was a little inexperienced. We were sitting on the runway, and he said, "OK, folks, we're gonna be taking off in a just few—whoa! Here we go."
Kevin Nealon
"I can't wait until your vacation is over." —Everyone following you on Instagram
A man knocked on my door and asked for a donation toward the local swimming pool. So I gave him a glass of water.
Comedian Greg Davies
Just found the worst page in the entire dictionary. What I saw was disgraceful, disgusting, dishonest, and disingenuous.
Client: We need you to log in to the YouTube and make all our company videos viral.
From clientsfromhell.net
My cat just walked up to the paper shredder and said, "Teach me everything you know."
"Just because you can't dance doesn't mean you shouldn't dance." —Alcohol
@yoyoha (Josh Hara)
My parents didn't want to move to Florida, but they turned 60 and that's the law.
—Jerry Seinfeld
Q: What do you call an Amish guy with his hand in a horse's mouth?
A: A mechanic.


text:
Created attachment 535986 [details]
Bookmarks pane
Mozilla/5.0 (Android; Linux armv7l; rv:7.0a1) Gecko/20110529 Firefox/7.0a1 Fennec/7.0a1
The following changeset [1] contains modifications to the Gingerbread theme which landed patches from Bug 659457.
[1] http://hg.mozilla.org/mozilla-central/rev/113014cf801a
The bookmark pane is not consistent in appearance with the other panes; see attached screenshot.
*** Bug 660571 has been marked as a duplicate of this bug. ***
This affects the entire Awesomescreen
Created attachment 536006 [details] [diff] [review]
This converts the awesomescreen (all pages, bookmarks, history, remote tabs) to gingerbread white-on-black theme..
There are some colors I need UX help:
* The blue subtitles look bad. I made them white for now
* Badge is still white-on-red
* "star" and"remote" lucky charm images in awesomescreen "all pages" might be too gray (dark) now
Screenies coming
Created attachment 536007 [details]
all pages
Created attachment 536008 [details]
Created attachment 536009 [details]
We need to show come consistency here with the rest of the users browsing experience. To switch from a light background to a dark background is not good for the anyone's eyes. While I understand trying to match the default OS's settings, however we cannot do so at the detriment of our own usability.
No please - I don't want the awesomescreen lists to have black backgrounds. To many of the recognizable elements you expect in a web-browser (favicons, blue links, etc.) just don't work on a dark background like that.
As to the consistency argument, prefs screens across pretty much all of android have black backgrounds, so changing our prefs/downloads/add-ons screens is a reasonable compromise (they also look just fine on a black background). Many apps keep a brighter white or light gray background for the lists that are their primary content -- see Twitter, Gmail, etc. Awesomescreen content is primary for us.
To be clear - all the lists in the awesomescreen (all, bookmarks, history, desktop) should have white backgrounds, as in v4.
Created attachment 536327 [details] [diff] [review]
This patch does a few things:
* Keeps the awesomescreen panels black-on-white
* Changes the selection color to the Android "orange"
* Cleanup the "disabled" text color for buttons and add-on items
* Cleanup some hardcoded color: #000 and background-color: #fff by making an "inverse" set of defines
I wonder if this might be a good place to use system colors now? We seem to support highlight and highlight-text on my phone (and its orangish).
Comment on attachment 536327 [details] [diff] [review]
Review of attachment 536327 [details] [diff] [review]:
Nice "grey", "gray", "#aaa", lightgrey clean up.
Asking the same question as Wes, why can't we use the system highlight color? Is it because we use custom colors for the rest of the theme and you are afraid of having a dark highlight on a dark theme if someone has a custom theme?
r+ with question answered
::: mobile/themes/core/gingerbread/browser.css
@@ +655,2 @@
> }
I wonder if this will have an impact on the bookmark-edit panel that is shown when tapping on the "edit" button of the star button popup?
@@ +766,2 @@
> }
@@ +859,1 @@
> }
Why do you hardcode "white" in many places but not here?
::: mobile/themes/core/gingerbread/platform.css
@@ +321,3 @@
> background-image: url("chrome://browser/skin/images/toggle-on.png");
> }
what does "???" means?
(In reply to comment #11)
> I wonder if this might be a good place to use system colors now? We seem to
> support highlight and highlight-text on my phone (and its orangish).
system colors will be the next step. we are not sure how do make sure some themes use the system colors and some themes don't
right now, we use prefs (in mobile.js) to kill the system colors. when we stop doing that, there might be fallout in other themes.
Comment on attachment 536327 [details] [diff] [review]
Review of attachment 536327 [details] [diff] [review]:
::: mobile/themes/core/gingerbread/browser.css
@@ +655,2 @@
> }
won't affect the dialog. only affects the richlistbox.
@@ +766,2 @@
> }
I want to remove that line. thanks.
@@ +859,1 @@
> }
oops. I will update
Looks great!
Verified fixed:
Mozilla/5.0 (Android; Linux armv7l; rv:7.0a1) Gecko/20110601 Firefox/7.0a1 Fennec/7.0a1
Comment on attachment 536327 [details] [diff] [review]
low-risk, android only, been baking on trunk for a while and vastly improves the gingerbread theme


text:
Bachmann HO-Scale Telephone Poles (12)
Super Saver Shipping!
|Low Price:
This item is eligible for Super Saver Shipping Learn More
This item earns up to 6 VIP Reward Points Learn More
This is a pack of twelve Bachmann HO-Scale Telephone Poles. You can add sound, lights, water features, and accent pieces to your railroad with Bachmann's extensive selection of operating accessories.
- 12 telephone poles
- Simulate telephone poles found near railroads everywhere
This product was added to our catalog on November 29, 2010.


text:
Questions on a 2010 Jeep Wrangler..
Well, for starters my name is Ben and i'm looking at buying a 2010 Jeep Wrangler this weekend. The package I get all depends on pricing, but as of right now it looks like a Sport with a/c and power everything. Oh, and a hardtop as well. My question to you guys is; Is there anything I should be aware of before buying this? I mean besides the obvious "it's not that comfortable on the inside" and "if you get a soft top theres not much security." I'm wondering about problems, and other downsides that people think I should be aware of. Thanks for reading, and thank you ahead of time. Ben
Hey Ben, My name is Jeff and I just got a 2010 Wrangler Sport 2dr about 2 weeks ago. Mine came with hard top as well as a soft top and a auto trans. Paid around 25K. This is my 1st jeep and I have always driven pick ups.. That said I love this thing. I have 4 friends who have jeeps and none have ever had a problem with security, but I guess it really depends on where you live and park it.
Good luck
Benny: I think you've covered the biggest issues already. From my perspective, the people who are most disappointed with their JK purchase are people moving from things like BMWs who expect the Jeep to meet that quality of fit, finish and performance. It just won't.
I think even the most rabid fans of the Wranglers will admit that it's not really the best built vehicle in the world. We love them in spite of their flaws, which I think says something really great about their good points!
Enjoy your new Wheels!
welcome to the forum... most people i know dont have any problem with security either... i use a soft top in the summer and have never had a problem even if i park it with the top down
Welcome to the forum!
You will have uncontrollable urges to go topless! ...but thats not a bad thing! :D
Welcome to the forum Ben!
welcome i m new also bought mine this week\traded my 06 mustang the jeep rides smoother and quieter.if my pony had been a stick i would have kept it but i wanted something to tow behind my motor home'its a base sunrider top only option is air.25 + years since i owned a stick ,to me an auto just doesnt seem right on jeep.
hope you find what your looking for then go and ENJOY
brianj / tncruiser
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text:
Emergency Manager Jack Martin showed up for work in the Highland Park Schools Thursday, despite a ruling from a judge that he must cease operating in the district.
Ingham County Circuit Court Judge William Collette ruled Wednesday that the work of the state financial review board that recommended Martin's appointment was null and void because the group's private deliberations violated Michigan's Open Meetings Act.
The ruling threw Highland Park Schools -- and the review team currently investigating the city of Detroit's finances -- into limbo.
Although local opponents of Michigan's emergency manager law, Public Act 4, are rejoicing over Collette's ruling, Martin appears unfazed.
Martin was not in his office when contacted by The Huffington Post late Thursday afternoon, but a staff member confirmed he had worked in the office earlier in the day.
State Sen. Bert Johnson said his staff had also contacted Martin's office Thursday and found him in. Johnson believes Martin is violating the law.
"It remains to be seen whether Jack Martin or the governor will be held in contempt," of Collette's ruling, Johnson said. "If the average citizen did not follow what a judge said in court, they would find themselves with a big problem."
Sara Wurfel, a spokeswoman for Gov. Rick Snyder, disagreed with this assessment Wednesday, telling MLive the administration believed the ruling wouldn't affect Martin's ability to run the school district.
"We are closely reviewing today's ruling and consulting with the Attorney General to determine specific and appropriate next steps, and that will help ensure the fiscal and academic health and well-being of our communities and schools," Wurfel said. "The ruling only really addressed review teams and the Open Meetings Act and we don't believe it affects the appointment by the governor of Jack Martin as emergency manager at this point in time."
Though Johnson said he is pleased with Collette's decision, he acknowledges Highland Park's schools still face extreme financial troubles.
"This EM was in the process of getting the state to give money for the payroll," Johnson noted. "That request is going to have to continue to go forward because that problem still exists."
In January, the state advanced the district $188,000 to make payroll and keep the schools operating. That loan was announced just hours after Snyder appointed Martin.
Johnson said school officials will still have to deal with the structural problems created by a shrinking student population and deteriorating, unused school buildings.
A community coalition called the Financial and Academic Reinvestment Commission formed soon after Martin's appointment to address some of these problems. FARC members, including Johnson, say they are trying rally public and private institutions to help create solutions to Highland Park Schools' problems.
Rev. D. Alexander Bullock is part of FARC and also leads Highland Park's NAACP chapter. He told The Huffington Post preparations for the group's first public meeting on Feb. 23 were coming along well.
"We expect statewide attendance at the hearing," he said.
Bullock said he thought Judge Collette's decision was "wonderful" and believed it supported an ongoing efforts to repeal the emergency manager law.
A petition campaign to force a referendum on the issue could freeze the ability of emergency managers to run cities and school districts until voters get an opportunity to decide on the measure in November.
Bullock said signatures would be turned in at the end of the month, and expects the repeal effort will gain some momentum from the judicial challenges to the law.
"It will be interesting seeing how all these different points of contention against Public Act 4 turn out," he said.
The Morning Email helps you start your workday with everything you need to know: breaking news, entertainment and a dash of fun. Learn more


text:
Closed or Expired Job Posting This job posting is closed or has expired and is no longer open for applications.
Creation Date: 2014/07/04 14:37:03
Expiry Date: 2014/09/02
Ref. JB3070705
Excutive Secretary
Confidential Company
Job Description
-Provide personal administrative support to the Company General Manager.
- Coordinate meetings and conferences.
-Telephones handle in appropriate manner and greet clients and visitors.
-General clerical duties to include but not limited to:photocopying, faxing, mailing, and filing.
- Maintain hard copy and electronic filing system.
-Other duties as assigned.
- University degree or certificate of secretarial
- Experience of at least 3 years
- Full knowledge of secretary works
- full access to all computer programs (Word, Excel, Access, Outlook, PowerPoint)
- can work under pressure
Job Details
- Job Location: Khobar, Saudi Arabia
- Company Industry: Administration; Real Estate
- Requirements : Employer (Private Sector)
- Job Role: Administration
- Employment Status: Full time
- Employment Type: Employee
- Manages Others: No
- Number of Vacancies: 1
Preferred Candidate
- Career Level: Mid Career
- Years of Experience: Min: 3 Max: 7
- Residence Location: Saudi Arabia