text:
I would like to install self-sticking FLOOR tiles on a wall. Can this be done? Do I need additional adheasive on the wall?
I would like to install self-sticking FLOOR tiles on a wall. Can this be done? Do I need additional adheasive on the wall?
They should stick just fine, but I wouldn't recommend doing so. It's bad enough using this type of product on the floor, it's going to be even worse using it on the wall. When you get tired of it you're going to then have adhesive residue all over the wall to contend with.
Additionally, this product is not water proof nor does it do well in heat or direct sunlight, so if any of these conditions exist, I would strongly advise against using it.
i second a spruce though. i have seen this type of tile used many times locally by slumlord types in apartments and small business's. in every case they are bubling up and creating a trip hazard within months.
ive never seen them used on walls
fire up the saw and make some dust
One tenant did it to me one time. He put stick on tiles around THE STOVE/RANGE.
He eventually moved out, and when I discovered this I replaced them with ceramic tiles.
floor tiles belong on the floor.
preach it father spruce, preach that gospel
fire up the saw and make some dust
Actually, Spruce, good quality square no wax self stick floor tiles are very useful for rental properties.
They are inexpensive and can be easily replaced after every abusive tenant. And when they are new, they make it easier to rent the place.
The 29 cent type are garbage, I agree.
thanks for your useful and needed info. I was trying to get away from the seemingly more labor intensive installation of ceramic tiles. I'm a newby at this remodeling thing.
You also must know your limitations as a DIY'r, if you can do the work yourself with a little assistance from us or other information sources great, but hiring a pro for things beyond your abilities is the prudent thing to do. Quality does not necessarily mean expensive. You will pay a little more up front for it, but it's going to look better and last longer. Doing things right the first time is ALWAYS cheaper than doing them wrong and having to do it over.
Peel and stick tile is not meant for walls, nor will it hold up near heat or water, so using it as a kitchen backsplash, for example, is out. This type of material is also cheap, so it's going to look cheap once installed. If you'd prefer tile, then get bids on the work you want done and choose the one that suits your needs the best from the contractor you like the best - again, cheap is not always best, and neither is most expensive.


text: I was called for an interview for one source agency and i am pissed off that i was excited to go to a fake setup but very grateful that you people decided to share your bad experiences it saved me money time and headaches.....thank you for the advice theres no way in *** im going to that interview. It really sucks that people just like me have dreams and all their hopes get shattered by predators like these. i personally dont have patience so... Read more ›

subset: commoncrawl


text:
For Manuscript Submission, Check or Review Login please go to Submission Websites List.
For the academic login, please select your country in the dropdown list. You will be redirected to verify your credentials.
|Table of Contents
|5, No. 3, 2012
Issue release date: June 2012
|Section title: Original Article
Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Gene (FTO) in Eating Disorders: Evidence for Association of the rs9939609 Obesity Risk Allele with Bulimia nervosa and Anorexia nervosaMüller T.D.a, b, # · Greene B.H.c, # · Bellodi L.d · Cavallini M.C.d · Cellini E.e · Di Bella D.d · Ehrlich S.f · Erzegovesi S.d · Estivill X.g · Fernández-Aranda F.h · Fichter M.i · Fleischhaker c.j · Scherag s.a · Gratacòs M.g · Grallert H.k · Herpertz-Dahlmann B.l · Herzog W.m · Illig T.k · Lehmkuhl U.f · Nacmias B.e · Ribasés M.g · Ricca V.e · Schäfer H.c · Scherag A.n · Sorbi S.e · Wichmann H.-E.k, o · Hebebrand J.a · Hinney A.a
aDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, bInstitute Diabetes and Obesity, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, cInstitute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany; dDepartment of Neuropsychiatric Sciences (DSNP), Fondazione Centro S. Raffaele del Monte Tabor, Milan, eDepartment of Neurology and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy, fDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany, gCiber en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Genes and Disease Programme, Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG-UPF), hCIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN) and Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain, iDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Munich, Munich, jDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg, Freiburg i.Br., kInstitute of Epidemiology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, lDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinics, Technical University of Aachen, Aachen, mDepartment of Internal Medicine II, General Internal and Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, nInstitute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, oInstitute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany Corresponding Author
Dr. Anke Hinney
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
University of Duisburg-Essen
Virchowstraße 174, 45147 Essen (Germany)
E-Mail email@example.com
Objective: The common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs9939609 in the fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) is associated with obesity. As genetic variants associated with weight regulation might also be implicated in the etiology of eating disorders, we evaluated whether SNP rs9939609 is associated with bulimia nervosa (BN) and anorexia nervosa (AN). Methods: Association of rs9939609 with BN and AN was assessed in 689 patients with AN, 477 patients with BN, 984 healthy non-population-based controls, and 3,951 population-based controls (KORA-S4). Based on the familial and premorbid occurrence of obesity in patients with BN, we hypothesized an association of the obesity risk A-allele with BN. Results: In accordance with our hypothesis, we observed evidence for association of the rs9939609 A-allele with BN when compared to the non-population-based controls (unadjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.142, one-sided 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.001–∞; one-sided p = 0.049) and a trend in the population-based controls (OR = 1.124, one-sided 95% CI 0.932–∞; one-sided p = 0.056). Interestingly, compared to both control groups, we further detected a nominal association of the rs9939609 A-allele to AN (OR = 1.181, 95% CI 1.027–1.359, two-sided p = 0.020 or OR = 1.673, 95% CI 1.101–2.541, two-sided p = 0.015,). Conclusion: Our data suggest that the obesity-predisposing FTO allele might be relevant in both AN and BN.
© 2012 S. Karger GmbH, Freiburg
FTO Eating disorders Anorexia nervosa Bulimia nervosa Association study Fat mass and obesity-associated gene
Several SNPs in the first intron of the 'fat mass and obesity-associated´ (FTO) gene are strongly associated with obesity in young individuals [1,2] and in adults [2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. The most frequently described SNP in FTO associated with obesity is rs9939609, which is located 82.431kb downstream of ATG start codon of FTO. The association of rs9939609 with obesity was discovered by a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for type 2 diabetes mellitus [3] and subsequently was convincingly corroborated by numerous other studies including the first GWAS for early onset (extreme) obesity [1]. Accordingly, since it was first described in 2007 [3], the obesity predisposing risk A-allele at rs9939609 has become one of the most solidly confirmed risk factors for polygenetic obesity worldwide [9]. Homozygous carriers of the risk A-allele at rs9939609 weigh about 3 kg more and have a 1.67-fold increased odds of obesity compared to homozygous carriers of the T-allele [3]. Whereas the association of rs9939609 with obesity is indisputable, uncertainty remains about the potential association of this variant with eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa (AN) [10,11] and bulimia nervosa (BN). We and others have previously hypothesized that genes relevant in weight regulation might also be relevant in eating disorders [12,13,14,15,16]. Premorbid overweight and obesity are common in patients with BN, and a familial loading with obesity has also been described [17,18]. In contrast, premorbid BMI in AN covers the whole BMI range [19], and a familial predisposition to obesity has not been reported. Accordingly, due to the frequently reported premorbid occurrence of obesity in patients with BN, we hypothesized an association of the rs9939609 A-allele with BN, whereas for AN we had no specific a priori hypothesis. Additionally, we hypothesized that the obesity risk allele at rs9939609 is associated with maximum BMI-SDS in patients with these eating disorders. To determine whether the rs9939609 obesity risk-allele is associated with BN or AN, we analyzed a total of 6,101 individuals from three European countries (Germany, Italy, and Spain).
The ascertainment strategy was previously described in detail [13,20,21]. Written informed consent was given by all participants and, in the case of minors, by their parents. All patients with eating disorders were diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria [22]. The study was approved by the Ethics Committees of the Universities of Marburg, Duisburg-Essen, Heidelberg, Freiburg i.Br., Berlin, Aachen, Milan, Florence, and Barcelona as well as the Helmholtz Center Munich and carried out according to the Declaration of Helsinki.
In total, the study comprises 6,101 individuals from three European countries (Germany, Italy, and Spain). They were recruited at the Departments of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry of the Universities of Marburg, Duisburg-Essen, Aachen or Freiburg i.Br., Germany (N = 805); the Charité Hospital Berlin, Germany (N = 200); the German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany (N = 3,951), the Medical Psychosomatic Clinic Roseneck, Germany (N = 90); the Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Germany (N = 48), the Eating Disorders Unit of the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Spain (N = 503); the Neurology Unit of the Department of Neurology and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Florence, Italy (N = 232); or at the Fondazione Centro San Raffaelle del Monte Tabor, Milan, Italy (N = 272). Anthropometric data of the study subjects are listed in table 1.
The German samples included 103 patients with BN and 348 (10 male) patients with AN; of these 297 (6 male) individuals had acute AN, and 51 (4 male) were recovered individuals from two long-term follow-up studies of AN [23,24]. The German controls included 692 non-population-based German normal-weight or lean healthy individuals. We chose to also include lean individuals as controls, as their BMI is similar to the BMI of patients with AN. Thus, a detected association should be attributable to AN rather than to low body weight. In this sample, all individuals with a current eating disorder, like AN or Eating Disorder not Otherwise Specified (EDNOS), as assessed by a short version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), were excluded from the study. The CIDI questionnaire was kindly provided by Professor Wittchen. In addition, we further compared genotypes of AN and BN cases with a second control group that comprised of 3,935 individuals of a population-based cohort (Kooperative Gesundheitsforschung im Raum Augsburg, (KORA); i.e. Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg). The KORA sample is a representative study group of the population in the city and region of Augsburg (Bavaria, Germany) [25].
The Italian samples included 261 patients with AN and 243 patients with BN. Italian controls were not available. The Spanish samples included 80 patients with AN, 131 patients with BN, and 292 Spanish healthy non-population-based controls covering all weight categories (table 1). In total, the 689 patients with AN had a mean age of 21.83 ± 7.13 years and a mean BMI of 15.87 ± 2.77 kg/m2. The 477 patients with BN had a mean age of 25.10 ± 6.51 years and a mean BMI of 23.12 ± 5.17 kg/m2.
Genotyping: The FTO SNP rs9939609 was either genotyped using ARMS-PCR as described previously [26], by KASPAR genotyping technology (KBioscience, Hoddesdon, UK), or (in case of the KORA samples) by MassARRAY system using iPLEX™ Gold chemistry (Sequenom, San Diego, CA, USA) [27]. PCR conditions and primer sequences can be obtained from the authors. For validity of genotypes, alleles were rated independently by at least two experienced individuals. Discrepancies were resolved unambiguously either by reaching consensus or by retyping. All missing calls (approximately 2% of all genotyped individuals) were successfully re-genotyped. To ensure validity of genotyping between the described methods, we genotyped rs9939609 twice in 93 individuals; the genotypes were identical.
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for all independent study groups was tested with an exact test [28]. It is also noteworthy that the reported genotype and allele frequencies of SNP rs9939609 are very similar among samples of European origin, including those from Italy [3], Spain [29,30] and Germany [1,26]. As stratification is therefore negligible, previous studies for different phenotypes have assessed association of rs9939609 in combined samples of European origin [31,32]. Accordingly, the case-control analyses reported here were also initially analyzed, irrespective of their origin; subsequent analyses were stratified by country (with the exception of the Italian cases due to a lack of controls from the same country). This post-hoc stratification of the samples was performed after obtaining a nominally significant result at level α = 0.05 for the global test. The reasons for stratification were to explore the robustness of the association across subsamples and to analyze the association, as far as possible, in subsamples in which the possibility of population stratification is reduced. For this reason, odds ratio (OR) estimates and nominal p-values from each subsample are unadjusted for multiple testing and not intended to provide confirmatory evidence at the 0.05 significance level.
The maximum BMI-SDS values were calculated in both German children/adolescents and German adults for which maximum BMI values were available. The maximum lifetime BMI was assessed by standardized questionnaires upon patient assessment. The patients were asked for their highest lifetime body weight and the corresponding age. As we previously showed that body height does not alter considerably after 13 years of age [19], we used the measured height at referral for the maxixum BMI estimations. Based on the German age-related reference data [33,34], the degree of maximum lifetime BMI was then quantified with Cole's least mean square method [35], which normalized the BMI taking gender and age into account, resulting in a standard deviation score (BMI-SDS).
For the case-control comparisons with regard to the obesity risk A-allele at rs9939609, we applied the Cochran-Armitage trend test and logistic regression without and with covariates BMI and age. For the outcome maximum BMI-SDS in BN and AN patients we applied Jonckheere's non-parametric trend test. We used a (log-)linear genetic model. Consistent with our unidirectional hypothesis that obesity is a risk factor for BN, we decided to display one-sided p-values for BN and two-sided p-values for AN in the case-control comparisons, whereas we reported one-sided p-values for the assessment of maximum BMI-SDS. All reported p-values are nominal and not adjusted for multiple testing, and we applied a level α = 0.05 for each test.
For BN, 477 cases and 984 European non-population-based controls were estimated [36] to yield a power of >0.80 to detect a multiplicative genotype-relative risk (GRR) of 1.27 (assuming a minor allele frequency (MAF) of 0.4). For the comparison with the 3,951 population-based controls, power estimates were >0.80 for a multiplicative GRR of 1.24 (again assuming a MAF of 0.4). For AN, power estimates for 689 cases and 984 non-population-based controls were >0.80 for a multiplicative GRR of 1.24 and >0.80 for a multiplicative GRR of 1.20 compared to the 3,951 population-based controls (again assuming a MAF of 0.4).
The combined analysis of all patients with BN (n = 477) and all non-population-based controls (n = 984) revealed an association of the rs9939609 obesity risk-allele (A) with BN (the unadjusted effect size estimate for the risk allele was an OR of 1.142, one-sided 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.001–∞; one-sided p = 0.049, 95%; table 2). Even though not statistically significant, a similar trend was observed when comparing all patients with BN with the 3,951 individuals of the population-based KORA-S4 cohort (one-sided p = 0.056; table 1). This trend did not change after exclusion of the 9 male subjects (468 cases and 3,951 controls; OR: 1.120, one-sided 95% CI 0.999–∞; p = 0.052, data not shown).
We also compared the patients with BN with the 3,951 population-based controls in a logistic regression model. In the case of BN, the unadjusted OR was 1.124 (one-sided 95% CI 1.003–∞; one-sided p = 0.046) and adjustment for age and BMI led to OR = 1.120 (one-sided 95% CI 0.932–∞; one-sided p = 0.155). Thus, the results were similar to the initial association test based on the Cochran-Armitage trend test (one-sided p = 0.056; table 2). The analyses stratified by country revealed that this observation was also consistent across subgroups with the exception of the German subgroup where no trend for differences in allele frequencies was observable (table 2).
In patients with BN we, however, observed no association of the obesity-predisposing risk A-allele at rs9939609 with BMI-SDS (TT 0.214 ± 1.24, TA 0.406 ± 1.49, AA 0.753 ± 1.89; one-sided p = 0.094).
In the case-control analysis including all patients with AN (n = 689) and all non-population-based controls (n = 984), we unexpectedly observed a nominal association of the A-allele at rs9939609 with AN (unadjusted OR = 1.181, 95% CI 1.027–1.359, two-sided p = 0.020, table 3). This association was also seen after exclusion of all 29 male subjects (660 cases and 3,951 controls; OR: 1.176, 95% CI 1.021–1.354; two-sided p = 0.025; data not shown).
Again, we also compared the patients with AN with the 3,951 population-based individuals and observed an unadjusted OR = 1.176 (95% CI 1.044–1.326; two-sided p = 0.008) and age- and BMI-adjusted OR = 1.673 (95% CI 1.101–2.541; two-sided p = 0.016). Thus, the results for AN were also similar to the initial association test based on the Cochran-Armitage Test (two-sided p = 0.015; table 3). The stratified analyses revealed that this finding was robust across subsamples.
The maximum BMI-SDS values were available for 105 German patients with BN and 214 German patients with AN. However, the trend test comparing the maximum BMI-SDS values revealed no evidence for an association of the rs9939609 obesity risk A-allele with increased maximum BMI-SDS in patients with BN or AN (nominal p = 0.066 or p = 0.180; table 4).
Genetic variation (e.g. at rs9939609) in the FTO has repeatedly been shown to be associated with obesity [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. Based on our results we argue that the gene might also be relevant for eating disorders. Increased rates of both premorbid and familial overweight and obesity have been described in patients with BN [17,18], whereas in patients with AN the premorbid BMI has been shown to cover the whole BMI distribution [37]. Hence, we had the a priori directional hypothesis that the obesity risk allele is implicated in BN and tested accordingly. We observed a nominally significant association of the rs9939609 A-allele in 477 patients with BN compared to 984 non-population-based controls (one-sided p = 0.049). For AN we had no specific a priori hypothesis. Nevertheless, for 689 patients with AN compared to 984 non-population-based controls we observed evidence for an association of the FTO obesity risk allele with AN (two-sided p = 0.020). Eating disorders are typically characterized by diagnostic instability, migration between different subtypes, and even between different eating disorders [38,39]. However, whereas several studies consistently show that 25–30% of patients with eating disorder migrate from AN to BN, migration from BN to AN is less frequently described [39,40]. Therefore, it is unlikely that the observed association of the rs9939609 A-allele with AN can be explained by AN patients with a history of BN. However, one of the limitations of our study is that detailed amnesic information, especially regarding previous eating disorders as well as follow-up data, was not available. Furthermore, even though substantial evidence indicates that stratification is, due to the very similar allele frequencies of rs9939609 among Europeans [1,3,29,30], negligible, the lack of Italian controls as well as the lack of anthropometric characteristics for the Spanish controls are other limitations of this study. Noteworthy, excluding the 243 Italian BN cases from our analysis (and thus decreasing the sample size by 49.1% from 477 to 234 patients with BN) would yield a nominal one-sided p-value of 0.110 for the comparison of the remaining 234 European BN cases versus 984 non-population based controls (OR 1.137, one-sided 95% CI 0.957–∞) and a nominal one-sided p-value of 0.137 for the comparison with the 3,951 German population-based controls (OR 1.111, one-sided 95% CI 0.948–∞). Exclusion of the 261 Italian patients with AN (and thus decreasing the sample size by 37.9% from 689 to 428 patients with AN) would yield a nominal two-sided p-value of 0.083 for the comparison of the remaining 428 patients with AN versus the 984 European non-population based controls (OR 1.155; 95% CI 0.981–1.360) and a nominal two-sided p-value of 0.094 for the comparison with the 3,951 German population-based controls. As solid evidence indicates that there are no stratification effects of rs9939609 among samples from Italy, Spain and Germany, the observed loss of significance is likely to be attributable to the dramatic loss of statistical power. Accordingly, to maximize the statistical power we choose to keep the Italian samples in our analysis. However, further studies are warranted to independently confirm our results and to analyze if, and to what extent, the association of the FTO risk allele is dependent on the DSM-IV AN and BN subtypes and the transversion of AN into BN (and vice versa). Another interesting aspect is the possible confounding effect of the behavioral influences on BMI in AN and BN patients. Since low BMI possibly influenced by FTO alleles will make individuals with eating disorders more likely to be diagnosed and become cases, this could be one potential source of confounding due to BMI in our analyses.
Besides a recent publication on the absence of an association of genetic variation in FTO in a sample of 267 patients with AN and 1,636 population-based controls [10], three studies investigated the effect of FTO variants on eating behavior [41,42,43]. Whereas, after adjustment for age and BMI, no association was found between rs9939609 and energy expenditure [41], two studies indicated a BMI-independent association of the rs9939609 risk A-allele with increased energy intake [41,42] and decreased satiety [43]. Similarly, our observed association of FTO with AN might be independent of the elevating effect of this variant on BMI as based on our regression analysis including BMI as a quantitative covariate. Alternatively, it is possible that both a weight-elevating effect of the risk A-allele and a modulation of eating behavior and satiety accounts for the observed associations. Noteworthy, a recent publication further reports no association of FTO variants with psychological and behavioral eating disorder phenotypes, such as anxiety, harm avoidance, novelty seeking, impulsivity, obsessionality, compulsivity, and concern over mistakes [11].
A subgroup of the German non-population-based controls was lean (BMI below the 15th BMI percentile) and might thus have biased our analyses due to the established association of rs9939609 with obesity. Hence, we added a comparison of AN and BN cases with 3,951 individuals of a German population-based cohort (KORA) and adjusted for BMI and age. These analyses supported the aforementioned findings. It is further noteworthy that within the 3,951 population-based controls we also observed a significant additive effect of the obesity risk A-allele for an increased BMI (mean BMI AA 27.67 ± 4.73, AT 27.25 ± 4.75 TT 27.00 ± 4.65, mean BMI increase per A-allele 0.321 ± 0.109; p = 0.0032). Noteworthy, this trend was robust after adjustment for age and gender (mean increase per A-allele 0.329 ± 0.104; p = 0.0016).
We also hypothesized that the risk allele (A) for obesity at rs9939609 is associated with maximum BMI-SDS in patients with BN or AN. Analyses of maximum BMI-SDS values of individuals carrying either one, two, or no risk A-allele at rs9939609 revealed, however, no association of the obesity risk A-allele with maximum BMI-SDS in patients with either BN or AN (one-sided p = 0.066 or 0.180).
In summary, we observed evidence for an association of the A-allele at rs9939609 with both AN and BN. In patients with AN, the association was robust after adjustment for BMI and age. While the observation for AN was unexpected, the observed association of the obesity-predisposing risk A-allele with BN is in line with previous findings [17,18]. As obesity is a risk factor for the development of BN, obesity risk alleles should be more frequent in patients with BN. We conclude that genetic variation in FTO might be implicated in the etiology of BN and AN. However, additional research is warranted to determine whether the risk allele has a direct, indirect, or synergistic effect on eating disorders. The trend observed for association with maximum BMI-SDS in patients with BN suggests that for this eating disorder the association is indirect or synergistic. To address this question, we also analyzed the effect of FTO alleles on BN after adjusting for age and maximum BMI. The caveat of this approach is, however, that many of the lean controls were recruited for low current BMI which is strongly correlated with the maximum BMI of these patients. To control for this bias we adjusted our data for current BMI, revealing a nonsignificant estimated effect from the FTO risk A-allele (OR 0.888, 95% CI 0.601–1.312; p = 0.552) and a significant effect from max BMI (OR 2.134, 95% CI: 1.779–2.560; p < 0.001), thus identifying that the effect of FTO on BN is indeed indirect.
This work was supported by grants from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (01KU0903 and 01GI0823, 01GV0623, 01GV060, 01GV0624, 01GV0602, 01GV0905; NGFN2: 01GS0482, 01GS0483; NGFNPlus: 01GS0820), the European Union (FP6 LSHMCT-2003–503041), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG; HE 1446/4–1), the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science (SAF2005–01005), the 'Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias de la Seguridad Social, FIS (PI040632; PI081714), the Department of Health (Generalitat de Catalunya), CIBER is an initiative of ISCIII (Spain), the Department of Universities, Research and Information Society (2005SGR00008; 2009SGR 1554) (Generalitat de Catalunya), the Company of San Paolo (Grant No. 2007.0992 awarded to B. Nacmias), the University of Florence (Indagine genetica e studio dei fattori di rischio associati ai disturbi del comportamento alimentare : NACMATEN09), and by the Hilda and Preston Davis Foundation – Davis Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship Program in Eating Disorders. The KORA research platform was initiated and financed by the Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, which is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research and by the State of Bavaria. We thank all patients for their participation. The skillful technical assistance of Jitka Andrae and Sieglinde Düerkop is highly appreciated.
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
Dr. Anke Hinney
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
University of Duisburg-Essen
Virchowstraße 174, 45147 Essen (Germany)
E-Mail firstname.lastname@example.com
Received: June 17, 2011
Accepted: December 19, 2011
Published online: June 27, 2012
Issue release date: June 2012
ISSN: 1662-4025 (Print)
eISSN: 1662-4033 (Online)
For additional information: http://www.karger.com/OFA
Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher or, in the case of photocopying, direct payment of a specified fee to the Copyright Clearance Center.
Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.


text:
collective.upload 1.3b1
File upload widget for Plone with multiple file selection.
Table of Contents
- Life, the Universe, and Everything
- Mostly Harmless
- Don't Panic
- Not entirely unlike
- Share and Enjoy
- Changelog
Life, the Universe, and Everything
File upload widget with multiple file selection, drag&drop support, progress bars, client-side image resizing and preview images.
This package is smoothly integrated with Plone's UI and works with any folderish content type based on Archetypes or Dexterity.
Mostly Harmless
Got an idea? Found a bug? Let us know by opening a support ticket.
See the complete list of bugs on GitHub.
Don't Panic
To enable this product in a buildout-based installation:
- Edit your buildout.cfg and add collective.upload to the list of eggs to install:
[buildout] ... eggs = collective.upload
If you are using Plone 4.2 you need to add the following also:
[versions] plone.app.jquery = 1.7.2 plone.app.jquerytools = 1.5.7
After updating the configuration you need to run "bin/buildout", which will take care of updating your system.
Go to the 'Site Setup' page in a Plone site and click on the 'Add-ons' link.
Check the box next to collective.upload and click the 'Activate' button.
The upload widget can be accessed selecting the 'Multiple files' option in the 'Add new…' menu.
The upload widget in a modal window.
Select as many files as you want to upload using by the 'Add files or images…' button or the drag and drop feature (you can even do the later among diferent browser windows). A preview of all images will be shown. You can set the title, description and rights for any file or image in advance. Start the upload individually or in a batch by pressing the 'Start' button. You will see a bar indicating the progress of the upload. You can cancel the upload at any time and you can also delete any file or image already uploaded into the site.
The upload widget can be also used in the context of the folder contents view of any folderish object.
The upload widget in the folder contents view.
You can configure some aspects of the upload widget using the Upload configlet on Site Setup.
The Upload control panel configlet.
You can disable the display of the upload widget in the folder contents view (the widget will be always accessible via the 'Add new…" menu regardless this setting). You can set which files extensions are allowed to be uploaded using the widget. You can also set the maximum file size and maximum dimensions for images (images will be automatically resized client-side if they are bigger than these settings).
- Support for Archetypes and Dexterity-based content types
- Multiple file upload: Allows to select multiple files at once and upload them simultaneously
- Drag & Drop support: Allows to upload files by dragging them from your desktop or filemanager and dropping them on your browser window
- Upload progress bar: Shows a progress bar indicating the upload progress for individual files and for all uploads combined
- Cancelable uploads: Individual file uploads can be canceled to stop the upload progress
- Client-side image resizing: Images can be automatically resized on client-side with browsers supporting the required JS APIs
- Preview images: A preview of image files can be displayed before uploading with browsers supporting the required JS APIs
- Graceful fallback for legacy browsers: Uploads files via XMLHttpRequests if supported and uses iframes as fallback for legacy browsers
- Cross-site file uploads: Supports uploading files to a different domain with cross-site XMLHttpRequests or iframe redirects
Desktop browsers support
- Apple Safari 4.0+
- Google Chrome 7.0+
- Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0+
- Mozilla Firefox 3.0+
- Opera 10.0+
For a detailed overview of the features supported by each browser version, please have a look at the Extended browser support information.
Future features
We want to implement these features at some point in the future:
- Refactoring of widget's UI
- Resumable uploads: Aborted uploads can be resumed with browsers supporting the Blob API
- Chunked uploads: Large files can be uploaded in smaller chunks with browsers supporting the Blob API
- Enable/disable automatic uploads
- Server side image resizing
- Server side file type constraint
- Asynchronous Module Definition (AMD) support
- Widget for "allowed extensions" option
Developer's notes
In the folder "static" you are going to find the JavaScript used in this project; here a list with the file name and function:
- applications.js
- The main file; here you will find 2 important things: plugin initialization and inheritance of basic UI code with custom templates (e.g. every new file dropped in the file upload widget is going to generate a new row, here is the code for that).
- canvas-to-blob.min.js
- Converts canvas elements into Blob objects, is a polyfill for the standard HTML canvas.toBlob method.
- load-image.min.js
- Load Image is a function to load images provided as File or Blob objects or via URL.
- jquery.fileupload.js
- The most basic version of the File Upload plugin, with no UI.
- jquery.fileupload-fp.js
- Extends the basic fileupload widget with image processing functionality.
- jquery.fileupload-ui.js
- Extends the FP version, adds complete user interface interaction.
- jquery.iframe-transport.js
- Used for cross-site iframe transport uploads a way of degradation for the XHR upload.
- cors/jquery.xdr-transport.js
- jQuery XDomainRequest Transport plugin; enables cross-domain AJAX requests (GET and POST only) (not really used, its just there if you need to implement that kind of functionality).
- vendor/jquery.ui.widget.js
- jQuery UI widget factory; very lightweight, flexible base for building complex, statefull plugins with a consistent API. It is designed for general consumption by developers who want to create object-oriented components without reinventing common infrastructure.
- vendor/jquery.getimagedata.min.js
- It enables pixel level access to images from different origins. It works by sending a JSONP request with the URL of the image to the server. The server then converts the image into base64 encoded data URL and sends the image back as a JSON object. (what this script does, can be done with CORS)
To-do list
- Check if constraints are in place before adding the menu item.
Not entirely unlike
- collective.quickupload
- Pure javascript files upload tool for Plone, with drag and drop, multi selection, and progress bar.
- collective.uploadify
- Multi File Upload for Plone.
There's a frood who really knows where his towel is.
1.3b1 (2016-08-24)
- The IMultipleUpload behavior declaration has been removed as it's useless; the class will be also removed on next release. [hvelarde]
- Registry records are now correctly removed when uninstalling the package. [hvelarde]
- Package is compatible with Plone 4.2 again. [hvelarde]
1.2b1 (2016-07-19)
- Use a viewlet to display the upload widget on the folder_contents view instead of overriding it. The viewlet can be disable via a new option in the control panel configlet (closes #65). [rodfersou, hvelarde]
- Remove dependency on five.grok (closes #66). [rodfersou]
- Cross-site file uploads are working again (fixes #71). [rodfersou]
- Fix MIME type of images processed in jsonimageserializer view. [hvelarde]
- Add field to set the creator (closes #34). [rodfersou]
- Finnish translations. [petri]
1.1b2 (2016-04-25)
- Use jQuery .then() method instead of deprecated deferred.pipe(); fix image preview and upload progress bar. [rodfersou]
- Fix UnicodeEncodeError on JSVariables view. [rodfersou]
1.1b1 (2016-04-15)
- Remove dependency on Bootstrap (closes #46). [rodfersou]
- Use "application/javascript" media type instead of the obsolete "text/javascript". [hvelarde]
- Remove dependency on Products.CMFQuickInstallerTool. [hvelarde]
- Fix IE conditional comment on JS registry [tcurvelo]
- Drop support for Plone 4.2 (we no longer test under this version but it may work). [hvelarde]
- Make control panel configlet accesible to Site Administrator role (closes #35). [hvelarde]
- Updated Spanish translation. [macagua]
1.0rc1 (2014-10-24)
- Fix browser CORS check. [petschki]
- Add missing uninstall profile. [thet]
1.0b6 (2013-07-24)
- Fixes issue #24, upload not working on folderish objects with a default_page defined. [jpgimenez]
- Fix issue with collective.upload not setting filename on uploaded images (Archetypes). [ericof]
- Fix misplaced input element in chrome. [domruf]
1.0b5 (2013-06-13)
- Display viewlet only for users with Add portal content permission and if the context is a contaner [ericof]
- Fix issue with collective.upload ignoring title information [ericof]
1.0b4 (2013-05-02)
- Package now depends on plone.app.jquerytools >= 1.5.5 to keep it in sync with Plone 4.3 pinned versions. [hvelarde]
- Support Dexterity content types (plone.app.contenttypes). [ericof]
- Fix package dependencies. [hvelarde]
- Remove dependency on unittest2. This could break tests when ran under Python 2.6; you have been warned. [hvelarde]
- Package is now compatible with Plone 4.3. [jpgimenez, hvelarde]
- Add placeholders to input fields in upload template. [hvelarde]
- Fix translation. [quimera]
1.0b3 (2013-01-15)
- Added support for Cross-site file uploads. [quimera]
- Fixed URL generation in the sub menu item. [quimera]
- Fixed compatibility with Chameleon and the JavaScript template. [quimera]
- Refactoring (almost) all dirty JavaScript code. [quimera]
- Updated version of jQuery File Upload. [quimera]
- Add deprecation warning message on the IMultipleUpload behavior. [hvelarde]
- Tested compatibility with Plone 4.3. [hvelarde]
- Update package documentation. [hvelarde]
- Fix package license to GPLv2. [hvelarde]
- Package will now support Plone 4.2+ only. [hvelarde]
- Fixed browser layer interface. [hvelarde]
1.0b2 (2012-05-16)
- To avoid problems (for example with collective.googlenews) we pass portal site to namechooser instead of context, because the context could be another contenttype. [flecox]
1.0b1 (2012-05-02)
- Initial release.
|Py Version
|Uploaded on
|collective.upload-1.3b1-py2-none-any.whl (md5)
|Python Wheel
|collective.upload-1.3b1.tar.gz (md5)
- Author: OpenMultimedia
- Home Page: https://github.com/collective/collective.upload
- Keywords: plone jquery upload
- Development Status :: 4 - Beta
- Environment :: Web Environment
- Framework :: Plone
- Framework :: Plone :: 4.2
- Framework :: Plone :: 4.3
- Intended Audience :: End Users/Desktop
- Intended Audience :: System Administrators
- License :: OSI Approved :: GNU General Public License v2 (GPLv2)
- Operating System :: OS Independent
- Programming Language :: JavaScript
- Programming Language :: Python
- Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
- Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules
Requires Distributions
- Acquisition
- Products.ATContentTypes
- Products.CMFCore
- Products.CMFPlone (>=4.2,<5.0)
- Products.GenericSetup
- plone.api (>=1.4.11)
- plone.app.content
- plone.app.contentmenu
- plone.app.jquery (>=1.7.2)
- plone.app.jquerytools (>=1.5.7)
- plone.app.layout
- plone.app.registry
- plone.namedfile[blobs]
- plone.registry
- setuptools
- zope.component
- zope.container
- zope.event
- zope.i18n
- zope.i18nmessageid
- zope.interface
- zope.lifecycleevent
- zope.schema
- AccessControl; extra == 'test'
- plone.app.robotframework; extra == 'test'
- plone.app.testing[robot]; extra == 'test'
- plone.browserlayer; extra == 'test'
- plone.testing; extra == 'test'
- robotsuite; extra == 'test'
- transaction; extra == 'test'
- zope.browsermenu; extra == 'test'
- zope.viewlet; extra == 'test'
- Package Index Owner: hvelarde, quimera
- Package Index Maintainer: collective
- DOAP record: collective.upload-1.3b1.xml


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Lagos Fashion Lagos
19. - 21. September 2017 | International fashion fair
In 207 Days
professional visitors and general public
19.09.2017 - 21.09.2017*
Tuesday - Thursday, 3 days
30 Oct. - 02 Nov. 2016
10. - 12. February 2015
The Lagos Fashion is an international fashion fair to both the public and visitors have access. At the fair, many labels are represented and show 'latest trends, styles and colors of the coming season. At this show, the collections are presented to a broad audience in a pleasant atmosphere. The Lagos Fashion is communication and information platform in the industry and offers the exhibiting companies the opportunity to present themselves to a broad audience. Visitors can find in depth and comprehensive information on the latest trends from the fashion industry.
The Lagos Fashion will take place on 3 days from Tuesday, 19. September to Thursday, 21. September 2017 in Lagos.
Display e-mail address
Local time:
00:07 h (UTC +1)
Meridyen International Fair Organization
Halil Rifat paşa Mah. Abullah Eraslan Cad.
34149 Istanbul, Turkey
Tel: +90 (0)212 2105050
Fax: +90 (0)212 2101733
Display e-mail address
Product groups: bags, belts, caps, evening wear, hats, jewelry, ladies shirts, men's shirts, pants, scarves, shoes, skirts, watches, …
Industry sectors: Clothing, Fashion, …
Fairs of these Sectors: Clothing Trade Fairs and Exhibitions, Fashion Trade Shows, …
Disclaimer: No responsibility is taken for the correctness of this information. Errors and alterations excepted! Fair dates and exhibition sites are subject to change by the respective trade fair organiser.
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text:
Gerry O'Neill wrote:
> At 08:26 AM 6/23/98 -0500, you wrote:
> >>
> >>Gerry:
> > I am sure Joanne is right about the little sporting devils but there is
> >another reason too. If there happen to be some different sports that have
> >come out of the tissue culture they may well be worth saving. Remember
> >where 'June' came from. And many others. I just separated some 'Cherry
> >Berries' yesterday which had what appears to be a very different sport
> >included. In only 5 years it may be something! Or not. :-).
> >
> >Glen Williams
> >>
> Glen,
> Of course that raises an interesting question..If my Great Expectations (or
> whatever) throws an interesting sport and I remove it and grow it on and in
> five years there's enough to share with others, should I give it it's own
> name? Or is it forever "Sport of Great Expectations?" Suppose I give a pup
> to someone, and I've given it a whole new name, and then later their plant
> throws a sport that is identical to the original Great Expectations? The
> new owner, not knowing this, gives his/her sport a new name, and now we
> have a plant that looks identical to GE but with a different name.
> All this seems to lead to unbearable confusion..What is the convention with
> hostas regarding naming of sports? seems that only new seed grown plants
> should be given unique names..
> Gerry
> ---------------------------------------------------------------------
> To sign-off this list, send email to firstname.lastname@example.com with the
> message text UNSUBSCRIBE HOSTA-OPEN
Dear Gerry,
For hosta sports that occur naturally, they are put through the same
registration process as any other cultivar (whether from a hybrid
seedling, TC mutation, or natural sport).
Grand Tiara is a good example of a natural sport that arose from
Golden Tiara.
Most people will cut the new sport from the parent plant, and grow it
for about 5 years, or so, to be sure of stability. Then, you go through
the registration process with the AHS. (This is when you can pick a
name, if you haven't already).
If the plant gets growth crowns that revert to the parent plant's
form, most gardeners remove those crowns from the plant. Some hosta
cultivars are more stable than others as far as reversion goes. But that
doesn't mean the sported plant isn't good.
If, as in your example, you get a sport of Great Expectations, and
that sport sends out a new crown that is identical to GE, then it is
still GE and isn't re-named.
Am I making sense (sometimes I wonder. hehehehe). Hope I've been of
To sign-off this list, send email to firstname.lastname@example.com with the
message text UNSUBSCRIBE HOSTA-OPEN


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Days Inn Orange City Deland places you within 2 miles (3 km) of De Leon Spring State Recreation Area and Immanuel Presbyterian Church. This 37-room motel welcomes guests with conveniences like free breakfast, an outdoor pool, and free in-room WiFi. Blue Springs State Park and Deland Country Club are also close to this Orange City motel.
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- Free continental breakfast
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Days Inn Orange City Deland
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
A complimentary breakfast is offered each morning. Public areas are equipped with complimentary high-speed wireless Internet access. This Orange City motel also offers an outdoor pool, multilingual staff, and dry cleaning/laundry services. Complimentary self parking is available on site.
- 24-hour front desk
- Total number of rooms - 37
- Free breakfast
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Free WiFi
- Multilingual staff
- RV, bus, truck parking
- Free self parking
- Outdoor pool
- Outdoor seasonal pool
Family Friendly Amenities
- Family Hotel
- Outdoor pool
- Free Wi-Fi
- Refrigerator
- Microwave
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi
Free self parking, RV, bus, truck parking
Room Amenities
Days Inn Orange City Deland offers 37 accommodations, which are accessible via exterior corridors and feature coffee/tea makers. Guests can make use of the in-room refrigerators and microwaves.
This Orange City motel provides complimentary wireless high-speed Internet access. Cable television is provided.
- Access via exterior corridors
- Cable TV service
- Television
- Microwave
- Refrigerator
- Coffee/tea maker
- Private bathroom
- Connecting/adjoining rooms available
- Free WiFi
Where to Eat
Guests are offered a complimentary continental breakfast each morning.
Start your morning with a free continental breakfast, available each day of your stay.
Nearby Things to Do
Recreational amenities at the motel include an outdoor pool.
Hotel Policies
Minimum check-in age is 21
Check-in time starts at 1 PM
Check-out time is 11 AM
Payment types
Children and extra beds
- Children are welcome.
- Pets allowed for an extra charge of USD 10 per pet, per night
- Restrictions apply
- For more information contact the property at the number on the booking confirmation
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on property policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
Optional extras
- Pet fee: USD 10 per pet, per night
Hotel Name
- Days Inn Deland Hotel
- Days Inn Deland Hotel Orange City
- Days Inn Orange City Deland
- Days Inn Orange City Deland Hotel
- Days Inn Orange City
- Orange City Days Inn
We should mention
The property has connecting/adjoining rooms, which are subject to availability and can be requested by contacting the property using the number on the booking confirmation. Guests can arrange to bring pets by contacting the property directly, using the contact information on the booking confirmation (surcharges apply and can be found in the Fees section).


text:
Originally written on The Queensbury Rules | Last updated 9/24/14
There exists a nether zone, a big one, at welterweight after anyone named Floyd Mayweather and Manny Pacquiao, and anyone who isn't them. Kell Brook lives there in that secondary zone. Devon Alexander lives there. Those two might fight one another soon, so they're unlikely to ask for sugar from each other in this neighborhood. Also in the neighborhood are Andre Berto and Robert Guerrero, and they also will not ask for sugar from each other. The winner of Guerrero-Berto Saturday on HBO: He's a man who could be in line for a megabucks fight against Mayweather upon the moment that Mayweather again deigns to, like, you know, FIGHT. And because Guerrero-Berto is matched competitively, it's hard to figure the winner. Best not help the other guy with a cup of sugar if you can avoid it. Berto is the more naturally, physically advantaged one. He's also the one coming off a positive peeformance enhancing drug test, a result he writes off to a contaminated supplement, and whether you believe him or not shapes whether you think he can win or not Saturday. Guerrero is naturally smaller, but he's naturally composed of less fissile elements. Berto ha been inactive more than a year, benefiting as he has from California agreeing to grant him a license despite his positive drug test via the Voluntary Anti-Doping Agency. You will find a good number of people who contend he ought to have suffered some kind of penalty for that positive test, and those people are all mentally sound in extremis. But, per some recent discussion of what a positive test means these days to Golden Boy Promotions, he returns post haste to the boxing ring as an opponent most valid on pure competitive merits for Guerrero. Berto is an authentic welterweight with authentic power and authentic speed pre-PED test, and he is more than willing to go round and round with comparable mid-tier welterweights, be they Victor Ortiz (close loss) or Luis Collazo (close win). He was HBO's favored son, the one who never lived up to expectations. But he is a favored son not far removed from his status, a clueless pure athlete who cannot jab or tie up on the inside or other basics who on any given night could make any welterweight regret choosing him as an opponent just on sheer genetics. Guerrero is an exceeding ambitious lad who has found a bit of a ryhthym in recent fights after a career of inconsistency, eager as he is to snatch the big purses by fighting the likes of Mayweather or Pacquiao. He just keeps moving up in weight, and, incredibly, it keeps working out for him. His welterweight debut earlier this year against Selchuk Aydin was a closely fought bout, sure, but Guerrero, outpunched and outsized, found a way to outwork and outbox Aydin both, and now he's a legit welter as a result. He stands out in no way other than his willpower, and when he decides to flex it. When he flexes it, he looks like one of the best boxers alive. When he coasts, he is just some boxer or the other. Give me Guerrero on technical boxing ability and willpower. Guerrero tends to fight up or down to his competition, and Berto is the kind of opponent who ought to get him fighting up. He can use boxing ability to time Berto, to overcome his physical advantages. Berto has not done antyhing lately to make me believe in his ability to capitalize on those physical edges. He's just some aimless specimen, floating around in space, capable of winning because he's a specimen but not much more. It could be a good, tight fight, though. Guerrero edged by Aydin, the first real welter he had fought, because he outworked him and outboxed him. Berto hits harder and is faster than Aydin. He also doesn't have the stamina of Aydin, however, and Guerrero is the kind of boxer who can edge bouts by just trying harder. That is what I see here. Guerrero, by close decision.
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30:9 profit. The psalmist bargains with God for his life (Gen. 18) by pointing out that God would gain a voice of praise if He healed him. This is not a developed treatment of the afterlife. The point is that death would bring to a conclusion David's desire to glorify God in this world.
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michel gondry
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As The Green Hornet heads toward becoming the first big comic book movie of 2011, Sony has released the first official pictures of star Seth...
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The Green Hornet began shooting in Los Angles last week — without Nicolas Cage. The A-list actor had been slated to play the lead gangster...
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Amber: The Natural Time Capsule
Firefly Books, 2010 - Crafts & Hobbies - 112 pages
A comprehensive introduction to amber and all its uses.
Amber is an engaging overview of this natural substance. It also explores how the fossilized inclusions trapped in the golden resin of spruce trees provide a superb record of prehistoric species and habitats. Lavishly illustrated throughout, this book includes all the current knowledge and ongoing research, such as:
Exclusive and particularly valuable features of the book include:
Amber brings the study of this fascinating substance and its secrets within reach of any reader, and it will particularly fascinate rock hounds, fossil and gem enthusiasts, hobbyists and jewelry designers.
What people are saying - Write a review
Amber bookUser Review - luckyknee - Overstock.com
This book is fascinating. It talks about pretty much everything from jewelry to the science behind amber fossils insects formation etc.. Its not ridiculously long but it is thorough and well ... Read full review