text:
Sunlight exposure and cardiovascular risk factors in the REGARDS study: a cross-sectional split-sample analysis
© Kent et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014
Received: 16 October 2013
Accepted: 13 June 2014
Published: 19 June 2014
Previous research has suggested that vitamin D and sunlight are related to cardiovascular outcomes, but associations between sunlight and risk factors have not been investigated. We examined whether increased sunlight exposure was related to improved cardiovascular risk factor status.
Residential histories merged with satellite, ground monitor, and model reanalysis data were used to determine previous-year sunlight radiation exposure for 17,773 black and white participants aged 45+ from the US. Exploratory and confirmatory analyses were performed by randomly dividing the sample into halves. Logistic regression models were used to examine relationships with cardiovascular risk factors.
The lowest, compared to the highest quartile of insolation exposure was associated with lower high-density lipoprotein levels in adjusted exploratory (−2.7 mg/dL [95% confidence interval: −4.2, −1.2]) and confirmatory (−1.5 mg/dL [95% confidence interval: −3.0, −0.1]) models. The lowest, compared to the highest quartile of insolation exposure was associated with higher systolic blood pressure levels in unadjusted exploratory and confirmatory, as well as the adjusted exploratory model (2.3 mmHg [95% confidence interval: 0.8, 3.8]), but not the adjusted confirmatory model (1.6 mg/dL [95% confidence interval: −0.5, 3.7]).
The results of this study suggest that lower long-term sunlight exposure has an association with lower high-density lipoprotein levels. However, all associations were weak, thus it is not known if insolation may affect cardiovascular outcomes through these risk factors.
KeywordsSunlight Temperature Weather Climate Environment Blood pressure Lipids and lipoproteins
Cardiovascular health varies with season, weather, and climate [1–3]. While seasonal temperature variation has been a primary target of investigation, sunlight also varies seasonally and has not been adequately investigated. Sunlight directly alters vitamin D status, but aside from skin cancer there are few data on how sunlight directly affects human health [4–6]. Although there are few studies of vitamin D and stroke, there is indication that vitamin D insufficiency may increase vascular event risk factors [4, 5, 7]. Both geographic latitude and vitamin D level have been linked to blood pressure, with potential mechanisms involving the renin-angiotensin system, inflammation, vasculature, or glycemic control [8, 9]. Exposure to ultraviolet B radiation has also been shown to affect blood pressure and other stroke risk factors [7, 8, 10]. Vitamin D and cholesterol have a common upstream metabolite 7-dehydrocholesterol, which is converted to previtamin D3 in the skin after exposure to sunlight [11]. Observational studies have shown that higher vitamin D blood levels may improve lipid levels [12]. Higher vitamin D levels may also improve health status of those with chronic kidney disease, although the results are mixed [13]. Inflammation is related to stroke, blood pressure, lipid levels, and kidney function, and may also be related to vitamin D levels [14–16]. There are seasonal variations in inflammation, although this could be due to infection and allergy [16, 17]. Vitamin D may also improve kidney function by acting as renin-angiotensin system inhibitors [18] and improving microalbuminuria [19].
Sunlight radiation and temperature are available from the North American Land Data Assimilation System Phase 2 (NLDAS-2) forcing. These data were matched to an individual's geocoded home residence and have previously been used in the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study, finding that reduced sunlight exposure was associated with increased stroke incidence [20]. In this manuscript, we examine whether increased residential sunlight exposure is related to increased blood pressure, serum lipid levels, kidney function, and inflammation. Since both skin color and the kidney are linked with vitamin D production and regulation [21, 22], and since Vitamin D levels have been posited to contribute to racial health disparities [23], we examine whether increased sunlight radiation exposure leads to poorer outcomes among black participants and those with impaired kidney function. To account for the multiple hypotheses we are testing, we perform a split-sample replication analysis. The large size of the REGARDS cohort allows us to split the participants into two samples: a hypothesis-generating sample to explore possible significant relationships, and a confirmatory sample to independently assess the associations found in the exploratory analyses, reducing the likelihood of Type I error. We hypothesize that increased sunlight exposure is related to improved cardiovascular risk factor status in both exploratory and confirmatory samples of the REGARDS study.
Study participants
REGARDS is a longitudinal study of United States (US) participants aged 45 years and older [24]. The REGARDS study was designed to investigate reasons underlying the higher rate of stroke mortality among blacks, compared with non-Hispanic whites, and among residents in the Southeastern United States, compared with other US regions. At baseline, 56% of the participants were residing in the stroke belt (an area of the US with high stroke mortality in the Southeast including GA, NC, SC, AL, TN, LA, AR, MS), with the remaining 44% from the rest of the contiguous 48 US. Participants from the stroke buckle (an even higher stroke mortality region comprised of the coastal plains of NC, SC, and GA) comprised 21% of the REGARDS population. The cohort population at baseline was 42% African-American/58% white and 45% male/55% female. Further details on the study are available elsewhere [24]. The REGARDS study and the current analysis were approved by the Institutional Review Boards of participating institutions.
Data collection
At baseline, a telephone interview was conducted during which informed consent was obtained and the participant's self-reported demographic and behavioral factors, and medical history were recorded. Participants were then visited in their homes by a trained health professional who collected blood pressure, height, weight, blood, urine, and conducted electrocardiograms (ECGs), and obtained written informed consent. Blood and urine were sent to a central repository at the University of Vermont and ECG data were read at Wake Forest University. The examiner also left a residential history form to fill and mail.
Assessment of sunlight exposure and temperature
We used data from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) – National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) NLDAS-2 dataset to determine sunlight radiation and temperature. The NLDAS-2 dataset is based on model reanalysis data and remotely-sensed and ground observations, and consists of a grid surface with ~14 km resolution over North America [25]. NLDAS-2 solar radiation that was assessed at one-hour intervals was used to calculate a daily total referred to herein as daily "insolation" [26]. For this study, we merged daily insolation and maximum air temperatures with data from REGARDS' residential history form, which consists of locations where the participant had lived prior to enrollment into REGARDS, along with age when relocating. Each location the participant recorded was matched to a feature in the US Geological Survey's Geographic Names Information System using ArcGIS 9.3. For participants who had a period of missing residential data, due to having an unidentifiable location or residence outside of the contiguous 48 United States, we used only the existing residential history to compute environmental exposure averages. We assumed participants moved during July of the indicated moving year.
As in our previous studies, we calculated each month's average daily insolation and temperature exposure at each participant's residential location to estimate each participant's average exposure for the year previous to baseline [20, 27]. We then categorized insolation and temperature exposure into quartiles. In order to capture extreme exposures, we also categorized insolation and temperature exposure using cutpoints at the 5th and 95th percentiles.
Blood pressure was measured during the REGARDS in-home visit by a trained technician using a standard protocol and regularly tested aneroid sphygmomanometer and was calculated as an average of two measurements taken after the participant was seated for five minutes. Hypertension was defined as present with self-reported use of antihypertensive medications, systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mm Hg, or a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mm Hg. Blood was collected during the in-home visit, and shipped to the central laboratory at the University of Vermont using standard protocols. Standard assays were used to determine lipid levels and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) assays were used to determine the level of CRP, which was log transformed due to a skewed distribution. CRP levels were categorized into low/medium risk (CRP ≤ 3 mg/dL) and high risk (CRP > 3 mg/dL). Dyslipidemia was defined as present with self-reported use of lipid-lowering medication, total cholesterol ≥ 240 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) ≥ 160 mg/dL, or high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ≤ 40 mg/dL. Kidney function was determined by the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) computed using the CKD EPI equation (participants with eGFR < 60 classified as having impaired kidney function) [28].
Statistical methods
To perform a split-sample replication analysis we randomly assigned the eligible participants into one of two samples of equal size. In the first "exploratory" sample, we ran multivariable logistic or linear regression models adjusting for temperature, age, race, region (stroke belt, stroke buckle, or non-stroke belt), gender, education (less than high school, high school graduate, some college, or college graduate), income (<$20,000, $20,000 to $34,999, $35,000 to $74,999, or ≥ $75,000), quartiles of vitamin D intake, exercise (none, 1 to 3 times/week, or ≥ 3 times/week), alcohol use (none, moderate: ≤ 1 drink per day for women or ≤ 2 drinks per day for men, or heavy: > 1 drink per day for women and > 2 drinks per day for men), smoking status (current, past, or never) and body mass index (<18.5, 18.5 to 24.9, 25 to 29.9, or ≥ 30). We also adjusted for statin use in models with cholesterol, HDL, or LDL as the outcome, and adjusted for antihypertensive medication use in the models with SBP as the outcome. Using interaction terms in fully adjusted models, we tested for multiplicative interactions between insolation and each of race or impaired kidney function on our outcome variables. In the second "confirmatory" sample, we re-ran all models for outcomes with significant associations in the explanatory sample.
This study was approved by Institutional Review Boards of participating institutions.
Exploratory and confirmatory samples
Meteorological and secondary stroke endpoint distributions by insolation exposure in the exploration (n = 8886) and confirmatory (n = 8887) samples
Exploratory sample
Confirmatory sample
Quartiles of insolation, n (%)
1st (12327 to 15565 KJ/m2/day)
2207 (24.8%)
2236 (25.2%)
2nd (15565 to 16724 KJ/m2/day)
2180 (24.5%)
2263 (25.5%)
3rd (16724 to 17724 KJ/m2/day)
2223 (25.0%)
2220 (25.0%)
4th (17724 to 22733 KJ/m2/day)
2276 (25.6%)
2168 (24.4%)
Maximum Temperature, n (%)
1st quartile (8.5 to 17.8°C)
2206 (24.8%)
2237 (25.2%)
2nd quartile (17.8 to 21.7°C)
2247 (25.3%)
2198 (24.7%)
3rd quartile (21.7 to 24.0°C)
2224 (25.0%)
2217 (24.9%)
4th quartile (24.0 to 31.7°C)
2209 (24.9%)
2235 (25.1%)
SBP, mean mmHg (SD)
126.5 (16.4)
126.4 (16.0)
Cholesterol, mean mg/dL (SD)
195.0 (38.2)
194.3 (37.8)
LDL, mean mg/dL (SD)
116.8 (34.0)
116.3 (33.9)
HDL, mean mg/dL (SD)
53.3 (16.3)
53.2 (16.1)
Ln CRP, mean mg/dL (SD)
0.77 (1.16)
0.75 (1.18)
Hypertensive, n (%)
4847 (54.5%)
4760 (53.6%)
Dyslipidemia, n (%)
4778 (53.8%)
4718 (53.1%)
High CRP risk category, n (%)
3511 (39.5%)
3449 (38.8%)
Impaired kidney function, n (%)
737 (8.3%)
722 (8.1%)
Systolic blood pressure
Differences in continuous secondary cardiovascular endpoints associated with residential insolation exposure in exploratory and confirmatory analyses
Insolation exposure
SBP (mmHg)
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)
LDL (mg/dL)
HDL (mg/dL)
LnCRP (mg/dL)
Quartiles of insolation exposure
Exploratory analyses – Unadjusted
1st vs 4th quartile
3.5 (2.6, 4.5)
1.5 (−0.7, 3.8)
2.4 (0.5, 4.4)
−1.3 (−2.2, −0.3)
0.0 (−0.1, 0.0)
2nd vs 4th quartile
2.3 (1.4, 3.3)
0.3 (−1.9, 2.6)
0.8 (−1.2, 2.8)
−2.0 (−2.9, −1.0)
0.1 (0.0, 0.1)
3rd vs 4th quartile
1.9 (0.9, 2.9)
0.2 (−2.0, 2.5)
0.4 (−1.6, 2.3)
−0.9 (−1.8, 0.1)
0.1 (0.0, 0.2)
Exploratory analyses – Fully adjusted
1st vs 4th quartile
2.3 (0.8, 3.8)
−3.1 (−6.6, 0.4)
−1.1 (−4.2, 2.0)
−2.7 (−4.2, −1.2)
0.0 (−0.1, 0.1)
2nd vs 4th quartile
1.9 (0.8, 3.1)
−2.1 (−4.8, 0.7)
−0.7 (−3.1, 1.7)
−2.0 (−3.2, −0.9)
0.1 (0.0, 0.2)
3rd vs 4th quartile
1.4 (0.4, 2.4)
−0.8 (−3.1, 1.5)
−0.5 (−2.6, 1.6)
−0.6 (−1.6, 0.3)
0.1 (0.0, 0.1)
Confirmatory analyses – Unadjusted
1st vs 4th quartile
3.3 (2.3, 4.2)
−0.2 (−1.1, 0.8)
−0.1 (−0.1, 0.0)
2nd vs 4th quartile
1.7 (0.8, 2.6)
−1.8 (−2.8, −0.9)
0.0 (−0.1, 0.1)
3rd vs 4th quartile
1.8 (0.9, 2.6)
−0.6 (−1.6, 0.3)
0.1 (0.0, 0.2)
Confirmatory analyses – Fully adjusted
1st vs 4th quartile
1.6 (−0.5, 3.7)
−1.5 (−3.0, −0.1)
0.0 (−0.1, 0.1)
2nd vs 4th quartile
1.1 (−0.5, 2.7)
−2.1 (−3.2, −0.9)
0.0 (−0.1, 0.1)
3rd vs 4th quartile
1.4 (−1.0, 1.7)
−0.5 (−1.4, 0.6)
0.0 (0.0, 0.1)
Low insolation exposure
<5th vs ≥5th percentile
Exploratory analyses - Unadjusted
2.4 (0.8, 3.9)
0.5 (−3.1, 4.1)
1.3 (−2.0, 4.5)
−1.0 (−2.6, 0.5)
−0.2 (−0.3, −0.1)
Exploratory analyses – Fully adjusted
2.5 (1.0, 4.1)
−0.4 (−4.1, 3.3)
0.9 (−2.4, 4.2)
−1.7 (−3.2, −0.1)
−0.1 (−0.2, 0.0)
Confirmatory analyses - Unadjusted
1.1 (−0.4, 2.7)
−0.1 (−1.6, 1.5)
−0.1 (−0.2, 0.0)
Confirmatory analyses – Fully adjusted
0.6 (−1.7, 2.9)
0.0 (−1.7, 1.6)
−0.1 (−0.2, 0.0)
High insolation exposure
<95th vs ≥95th percentile
Exploratory analyses - Unadjusted
0.3 (−1.3, 1.9)
−1.9 (−5.5, 1.8)
0.4 (−2.8, 3.6)
−3.6 (−5.1, −2.0)
0.0 (−0.1, 0.1)
Exploratory analyses – Fully adjusted
0.2 (−1.4, 1.7)
−2.7 (−6.3, 1.0)
0.0 (−3.2, 3.2)
−2.7 (−4.2, −1.2)
−0.1 (−0.2, 0.0)
Confirmatory analyses - Unadjusted
−1.7 (−3.3, −0.2)
Confirmatory analyses – Fully adjusted
−1.5 (−3.1, 0.0)
Differences in systolic blood pressure (SBP) associated with residential insolation exposure in exploratory and confirmatory analyses, by race
Quartiles of insolation exposure
SBP (mmHg)
Exploratory analyses – Unadjusted
1st vs 4th quartile
4.7 (3.2, 6.1)
2.4 (1.1, 3.6)
2nd vs 4th quartile
1.4 (−0.1, 3.0)
3.1 (1.9, 4.3)
3rd vs 4th quartile
1.3 (−0.2, 2.8)
2.1 (0.9, 3.3)
Exploratory analyses – Fully adjusted
1st vs 4th quartile
3.8 (2.8, 5.6)
1.4 (−0.2, 3.1)
2nd vs 4th quartile
1.1 (−0.5, 2.7)
2.4 (1.0, 3.8)
3rd vs 4th quartile
1.2 (−0.2, 2.7)
1.5 (0.2, 2.7)
Confirmatory analyses – Unadjusted
1st vs 4th quartile
4.6 (3.2, 6.1)
1.9 (0.7, 3.1)
2nd vs 4th quartile
1.8 (0.2, 3.3)
1.9 (0.7, 3.0)
3rd vs 4th quartile
1.7 (0.2, 3.2)
1.7 (0.5, 2.9)
Confirmatory analyses – Fully adjusted
1st vs 4th quartile
1.7 (−0.7, 4.1)
1.6 (−0.9, 4.1)
2nd vs 4th quartile
0.6 (−1.5, 2.6)
1.6 (−0.4, 3.7)
3rd vs 4th quartile
−0.3 (−2.3, 1.6)
1.0 (−0.8, 2.8)
Total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL
Insolation did not have significant associations with total cholesterol or LDL in exploratory models (Table 2). Lower quartiles of insolation exposure were significantly associated with lower HDL levels in all analyses. The lowest, compared to the highest quartile of insolation exposure was significantly associated with 1.3 and 1.5 mg/dL lower HDL levels in adjusted exploratory and confirmatory models, respectively. Insolation exposure <5th versus ≥5th percentile was associated with lower HDL levels in the adjusted exploratory, but not adjusted confirmatory model. Insolation exposure <95th versus ≥95th percentile was associated with 2.7 mg/dL lower HDL levels in the adjusted exploratory model, but this association was not significant in the confirmatory model.
Continuous C-reactive protein
Quartiles of insolation, and insolation exposure <5th versus ≥5th percentile were each significantly associated with differences in CRP levels in unadjusted exploratory and confirmatory models, but these associations were no longer significant after adjustment. Insolation exposure <95th versus ≥95th percentile was not associated with a difference in CRP levels in any models (Table 2).
Hazard ratios for continuous secondary cardiovascular endpoints associated with residential insolation exposure in exploratory and confirmatory analyses
Insolation exposure
High CRP
Impaired kidney
Quartiles of insolation exposure
Exploratory analyses – Unadjusted
1st vs 4th quartile
1.1 (0.9, 1.2)
1.0 (0.9, 1.1)
0.9 (0.8, 1.1)
0.8 (0.7, 1.0)
2nd vs 4th quartile
1.0 (0.9, 1.2)
1.1 (1.0, 1.2)
1.1 (0.9, 1.2)
0.9 (0.8, 1.2)
3rd vs 4th quartile
1.2 (1.0 (1.3)
1.0 (0.9, 1.2)
1.2 (1.0, 1.3)
0.9 (0.7, 1.1)
Exploratory analyses – Fully adjusted
1st vs 4th quartile
1.2 (0.9, 1.4)
0.9 (0.8, 1.1)
1.1 (0.9, 1.3)
0.8 (0.6, 1.2)
2nd vs 4th quartile
1.0 (0.9, 1.2)
1.0 (0.9, 1.2)
1.2 (1.0, 1.4)
0.9 (0.7, 1.2)
3rd vs 4th quartile
1.1 (0.9, 1.2)
1.0 (0.9, 1.1)
1.1 (1.0, 1.3)
0.9 (0.7, 1.2)
Confirmatory analyses – Unadjusted
1st vs 4th quartile
1.0 (0.8, 1.1)
2nd vs 4th quartile
1.0 (0.9, 1.1)
3rd vs 4th quartile
1.1 (1.0, 1.2)
Confirmatory analyses – Fully adjusted
1st vs 4th quartile
1.1 (0.9, 1.4)
2nd vs 4th quartile
1.0 (0.8, 1.2)
3rd vs 4th quartile
1.0 (0.9, 1.2)
Low insolation exposure
<5th vs ≥5th percentile
Exploratory analyses - Unadjusted
1.0 (0.8, 1.2)
1.1 (0.9, 1.3)
0.8 (0.6, 0.9)
0.8 (0.6, 1.2)
Exploratory analyses – Fully adjusted
1.2 (1.0, 1.5)
1.2 (1.0, 1.5)
0.9 (0.7, 1.1)
0.8 (0.6, 1.3)
Confirmatory analyses - Unadjusted
0.9 (0.7, 1.1)
Confirmatory analyses – Fully adjusted
0.9 (0.7, 1.2)
High insolation exposure
<95th vs ≥95th percentile
Exploratory analyses - Unadjusted
1.0 (0.8, 1.2)
1.2 (1.0, 1.5)
1.0 (0.9, 1.3)
0.8 (0.6, 1.1)
Exploratory analyses – Fully adjusted
0.9 (0.8, 1.2)
1.2 (0.9, 1.4)
0.9 (0.7, 1.1)
0.8 (0.6, 1.2)
Confirmatory analyses - Unadjusted
Confirmatory analyses – Fully adjusted
Insolation was not significantly associated with dyslipidemia in any main effect models (Table 4). In exploratory models, insolation exposure <5th versus ≥5th percentile was associated with an increased risk of dyslipidemia among those without impaired kidney function, but associated with a decreased risk of dyslipidemia among those without impaired kidney function (Additional file 2: Table S2). However, this was not replicated in confirmatory models.
High levels of C-reactive protein
Quartiles of insolation exposure were significantly associated with high CRP in the unadjusted exploratory model (Table 4). However, this association was not monotonic. In the unadjusted exploratory, insolation exposure <5th versus ≥5th percentile was significantly associated with high CRP. In unadjusted exploratory models, quartiles of insolation exposure significantly interacted with kidney impairment and insolation exposure <5th vs ≥5th percentile significantly interacted with race (Additional file 3: Tables S3 and Additional file 4: Table S4). However, no insolation main effects or interaction terms in exploratory adjusted models or in any of the confirmatory models were significant.
Kidney impairment
Insolation was not significantly associated with kidney impairment in any analyses (Table 4).
This analysis adds to the limited previous research addressing the relationship between sunlight and vascular health. Higher myocardial infarction, stroke, and adverse vascular risk factor rates have been reported in farther northern latitudes, but it is not clear whether this is due to environmental, social, or other factors [4, 29, 30]. There is also some evidence of higher myocardial infarction and stroke rates during the winter [1, 31] although other research contradicts this [3]. While lower temperatures have been shown to be associated with high blood pressures [2, 32], there may also be seasonal variations in lipid levels that are independent of temperature [33]. Sunlight exposure is another seasonal factor, and might affect vascular risk factors through vitamin D metabolism, which is increasingly found to be related to various chronic diseases. There is indication that vitamin D insufficiency may increase vascular event risk [34, 35] and adversely impact various vascular risk factors [8]. For most people, vitamin D status is primarily determined by sunlight exposure [6, 36]. Blood serum 25(OH)D levels are usually used to determine vitamin D status and can fluctuate with differential exposure to light and dietary intake.
This study is the third using REGARDS data merged with NASA meteorological data that demonstrated a possible link between sunlight and health [20, 27]. The results of this study suggest that lower long-term sunlight exposure has an association with lower HDL levels, after accounting for confounders. Since this association was found in both exploratory and confirmatory models, it is not likely that this finding is due to chance. However, the magnitude of this association is small, since those in the lowest, compared to the highest quartile of insolation exposure had only about 2 mg/dL lower HDL levels compared to those with higher sunlight exposures. In addition, while observational studies have shown that higher HDL levels are associated with lower cardiovascular risk, interventional studies have not been consistent and are ongoing, so the clinical significance of this association is unknown [37]. Sunlight also had significant univariate relationships with SBP in both exploratory and confirmatory models, but this association did not remain significant after confounder adjustment in the confirmatory models. In addition, the associations with SBP were also small, with adjusted effect sizes less than 3 mmHg. We also found that the association between insolation and SBP may be stronger among blacks than whites, but this interaction was also not significant in adjusted confirmatory models. We determined that this was due to the inclusion of temperatures in the model. Previous research in REGARDS and other studies have found lower temperatures to be related to higher blood pressures [38]. It is not clear why the inclusion of temperature would eliminate the significant association between insolation and SBP in the exploratory, but not confirmatory analyses. Collinearity may be an issue, with higher maximum temperatures correlated with higher insolation levels. These results agree with our previous analyses which suggest that decreased sunlight exposure is related to increased stroke incidence and increased likelihood of cognitive impairment and decline [20, 27, 39], although given the effect sizes it is unlikely that the traditional risk factors explored fully mediate these associations.
There is little other research examining sunlight and vascular risk, but a recent Hong Kong study found that temperature and air pressure, but not solar radiation, were significantly associated with stroke [40]. Our current and previous research differs from this study in many ways, including temporality (exposure within days of outcome, rather than one year exposure in this analysis), location (a small tropical area rather than a wide range of mostly temperate areas), and that our study did not include air pressure. Since 25(OH)D3 has a biological half-life of several weeks [34], it would be plausible that our longer term sunlight exposure would have a larger effect on vitamin D levels, and thus on vascular risk. And while we did not include air pressure in our models, we did account for temperature, as this is the primary meteorological variable that has been shown to have associations with vascular risk.
Exposure misclassification exists as a possible source of bias. This could happen if during the time period of an exposure measurement a participant spent a large amount of time in a climate different from that indicated by the outdoor exposures linked to his or her residence. In addition to exposure misclassification, it is possible that our findings are confounded by spatial autocorrelation, although that is not likely since adding region to the model did not attenuate the relationship. Another potential limitation is that there may be confounders for which we have not accounted, such as air pollution. While we did not correct for variables such as cloudiness and altitude, insolation measures represent the sunlight energy received on the ground, so the effects of such variables do not need to be included.
This study found a relationship between sunlight exposure and HDL levels that is not likely due to chance. However, all observed associations were of small magnitudes. More research is needed to determine whether insolation affects cardiovascular outcomes through these risk factors.
C-reactive protein
Diastolic blood pressure
- eGFR:
Estimated glomerular filtration rate
High-density lipoprotein
High-density lipoprotein
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
North American Land Data Assimilation System Phase 2
REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences
Systolic blood pressure.
The authors thank the other investigators, the staff, and the participants of the REGARDS study for their valuable contributions. A full list of participating REGARDS investigators and institutions can be found at http://www.regardsstudy.org.
The NLDAS hourly data used in this study were acquired as part of the mission of NASA's Earth Science Division and archived and distributed by the Goddard Earth Sciences (GES) Data and Information Services Center (DISC).
This work was supported by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stoke [U01 NS041588]; and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration [grant# NNX09AV81G].
Authors' Affiliations
- Wang Y, Levi CR, Attia JR, D'Este CA, Spratt N, Fisher J: Seasonal variation in stroke in the Hunter Region, Australia: a 5-year hospital-based study, 1995–2000. Stroke. 2003, 34 (5): 1144-1150.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Alperovitch A, Lacombe JM, Hanon O, Dartigues JF, Ritchie K, Ducimetiere P, Tzourio C: Relationship between blood pressure and outdoor temperature in a large sample of elderly individuals: the three-city study. Arch Intern Med. 2009, 169 (1): 75-80.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Sobel E, Zhang ZX, Alter M, Lai SM, Davanipour Z, Friday G, McCoy R, Isack T, Levitt L: Stroke in the Lehigh Valley: seasonal variation in incidence rates. Stroke. 1987, 18 (1): 38-42.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Wong A: Incident solar radiation and coronary heart disease mortality rates in Europe. Eur J Epidemiol. 2008, 23 (9): 609-614.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Turner PL, Mainster MA: Circadian photoreception: ageing and the eye's important role in systemic health. Br J Ophthalmol. 2008, 92 (11): 1439-1444.View ArticlePubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
- Reusch J, Ackermann H, Badenhoop K: Cyclic changes of vitamin D and PTH are primarily regulated by solar radiation: 5-year analysis of a German (50 degrees N) population. Horm Metab Res. 2009, 41 (5): 402-407.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Rosen CJ: Clinical practice: vitamin D insufficiency. N Engl J Med. 2011, 364 (3): 248-254.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Judd SE, Tangpricha V: Vitamin D deficiency and risk for cardiovascular disease. Am J Med Sci. 2009, 338 (1): 40-44.View ArticlePubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
- Al Mheid I, Patel RS, Tangpricha V, Quyyumi AA: Vitamin D and cardiovascular disease: is the evidence solid?. Eur Heart J. 2013, 34 (48): 3691-3698.View ArticlePubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
- Krause R, Buhring M, Hopfenmuller W, Holick MF, Sharma AM: Ultraviolet B and blood pressure. Lancet. 1998, 352 (9129): 709-710.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Cutillas-Marco E, Prosper AF, Grant WB, Morales-Suarez-Varela MM: Vitamin D status and hypercholesterolemia in Spanish general population. Dermatoendocrinol. 2013, 5 (3): 358-362.View ArticlePubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
- Alam U, Najam O, Al-Himdani S, Benoliel S, Jinadev P, Berry JL, Kew M, Asghar O, Petropoulos IN, Malik RA: Marked vitamin D deficiency in patients with diabetes in the UK: ethnic and seasonal differences and an association with dyslipidaemia. Diabet Med. 2012, 29 (10): 1343-1345.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Kandula P, Dobre M, Schold JD, Schreiber MJ, Mehrotra R, Navaneethan SD: Vitamin D supplementation in chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized controlled trials. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011, 6 (1): 50-62.View ArticlePubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
- Hopkins MH, Owen J, Ahearn TU, Fedirko V, Flanders WD, Jones DP, Bostick RM: Effects of supplemental vitamin D and calcium on biomarkers of inflammation in colorectal adenoma patients: a randomized, controlled clinical trial. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2011, 4 (10): 1645-1654.View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Petchey WG, Johnson DW, Isbel NM: Shining D' light on chronic kidney disease: mechanisms that may underpin the cardiovascular benefit of vitamin D. Nephrology (Carlton). 2011, 16 (4): 351-367.View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Thorand B, Zierer A, Huth C, Linseisen J, Meisinger C, Roden M, Peters A, Koenig W, Herder C: Effect of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D on risk for type 2 diabetes may be partially mediated by subclinical inflammation: results from the MONICA/KORA Augsburg study. Diabetes Care. 2011, 34 (10): 2320-2322.View ArticlePubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
- Kampe M, Stalenheim G, Janson C, Stolt I, Carlson M: Systemic and local eosinophil inflammation during the birch pollen season in allergic patients with predominant rhinitis or asthma. Clin Mol Allergy. 2007, 5: 4-View ArticlePubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
- Brown JM, Secinaro K, Williams JS, Vaidya A: Evaluating hormonal mechanisms of vitamin D receptor agonist therapy in diabetic kidney disease: the VALIDATE-D study. BMC Endocr Disord. 2013, 13 (1): 33-View ArticlePubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
- Huang Y, Yu H, Lu J, Guo K, Zhang L, Bao Y, Chen H, Jia W: Oral supplementation with cholecalciferol 800 IU ameliorates albuminuria in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy. PLoS One. 2012, 7 (11): e50510-View ArticlePubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
- Kent ST, McClure LA, Judd SE, Howard VJ, Crosson WL, Al-Hamdan MZ, Wadley VG, Peace F, Kabagambe EK: Short- and long-term sunlight radiation and stroke incidence. Ann Neurol. 2013, 73 (1): 32-37.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Chen TC, Chimeh F, Lu Z, Mathieu J, Person KS, Zhang A, Kohn N, Martinello S, Berkowitz R, Holick MF: Factors that influence the cutaneous synthesis and dietary sources of vitamin D. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2007, 460 (2): 213-217.View ArticlePubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
- Cuppari L, Garcia Lopes MG, Kamimura MA: Vitamin D biology: from the discovery to its significance in chronic kidney disease. J Ren Nutr. 2011, 21 (1): 113-116.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Williams S, Malatesta K, Norris K: Vitamin D and chronic kidney disease. Ethn Dis. 2009, 19 (4 Suppl 5): S5-S8. 11PubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
- Howard VJ, Cushman M, Pulley L, Gomez CR, Go RC, Prineas RJ, Graham A, Moy CS, Howard G: The reasons for geographic and racial differences in stroke study: objectives and design. Neuroepidemiology. 2005, 25 (3): 135-143.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Cosgrove B, Lohmann D, Mitchell K, Houser P, Wood E, Schaake J, Robock A, Marshall C, Sheffield J, Duan Q, Luo L, Higgins RW, Pinker RT, Tarpley JD, Meng J: Real-time and retrospective forcing in the North American land data assimilation system (NLDAS) project. J Geophys Res. 2003, 108 (D22): 8842-8854.View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Al-Hamdan MZ, Crosson WL, Economou SA, Estes MG, Estes SM, Hemmings SJ, Kent ST, Puckett M, Quattrochi DA, Rickman DL, Wade GM, McClure LA: Environmental public health applications using remotely sensed data. Geocarto Int. 2014, 29 (1): 85-98.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Kent ST, Kabagambe EK, Wadley VG, Howard VJ, Crosson WL, Al-Hamdan MZ, Judd SE, Peace F, McClure LA: The relationship between long-term sunlight radiation and cognitive decline in the REGARDS cohort study. Int J Biometeorol. 2014, 58 (3): 361-370.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Levey AS, Stevens LA, Schmid CH, Zhang YL, Castro AF, Feldman HI, Kusek JW, Eggers P, Van Lente F, Greene T, Coresh J, CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration): A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Ann Intern Med. 2009, 150 (9): 604-612.View ArticlePubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
- Peter I, Otremski I, Livshits G: Geographic variation in vascular mortality in Eurasia: spatial autocorrelation analysis of mortality variables and risk factors. Ann Hum Biol. 1996, 23 (6): 471-490.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Feelisch M, Kolb-Bachofen V, Liu D, Lundberg JO, Revelo LP, Suschek CV, Weller RB: Is sunlight good for our heart?. Eur Heart J. 2010, 31 (9): 1041-1045.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Manfredini R, Fabbian F, Pala M, Tiseo R, De Giorgi A, Manfredini F, Malagoni AM, Signani F, Andreati C, Boari B, Salmi R, Imberti D, Gallerani M: Seasonal and weekly patterns of occurrence of acute cardiovascular diseases: does a gender difference exist?. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2011, 20 (11): 1663-1668.View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Medina-Ramon M, Zanobetti A, Cavanagh DP, Schwartz J: Extreme temperatures and mortality: assessing effect modification by personal characteristics and specific cause of death in a multi-city case-only analysis. Environ Health Perspect. 2006, 114 (9): 1331-1336.View ArticlePubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
- Tung P, Wiviott SD, Cannon CP, Murphy SA, McCabe CH, Gibson CM: Seasonal variation in lipids in patients following acute coronary syndrome on fixed doses of pravastatin (40 mg) or atorvastatin (80 mg) (from the pravastatin or atorvastatin evaluation and infection therapy-thrombolysis in myocardial infarction 22 [PROVE IT-TIMI 22] study). Am J Cardiol. 2009, 103 (8): 1056-1060.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Wang TJ, Pencina MJ, Booth SL, Jacques PF, Ingelsson E, Lanier K, Benjamin EJ, D'Agostino RB, Wolf M, Vasan RS: Vitamin D deficiency and risk of cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2008, 117 (4): 503-511.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Pilz S, Dobnig H, Fischer JE, Wellnitz B, Seelhorst U, Boehm BO, Marz W: Low vitamin d levels predict stroke in patients referred to coronary angiography. Stroke. 2008, 39 (9): 2611-2613.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Webb AR: Who, what, where and when-influences on cutaneous vitamin D synthesis. Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2006, 92 (1): 17-25.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Aim-High Investigators: The role of niacin in raising high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to reduce cardiovascular events in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and optimally treated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol: baseline characteristics of study participants: the atherothrombosis intervention in metabolic syndrome with low HDL/high triglycerides: impact on global health outcomes (AIM-HIGH) trial. Am Heart J. 2011, 161 (3): 538-543.View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Kent ST, Howard G, Prineas RJ, Crosson WL, McClure LA: The association of remotely-sensed outdoor temperature with blood pressure levels in REGARDS: a cross-sectional study of a large, national cohort of African-American and white participants. Environ Health. 2011, 10 (1): 7-View ArticlePubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
- Kent ST, McClure LA, Crosson WL, Arnett DK, Wadley VG, Sathiakumar N: Effect of sunlight exposure on cognitive function among depressed and non-depressed participants: a REGARDS cross-sectional study. Environ Health. 2009, 8: 34-View ArticlePubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
- Goggins WB, Woo J, Ho S, Chan EY, Chau PH: Weather, season, and daily stroke admissions in Hong Kong. Int J Biometeorol. 2012, 56 (5): 865-872.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2377/14/133/prepub
Pre-publication history
This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.


text:
I've drunken myself in happiness and drowned each day of the year, the bottles are empty but the bucket is full and my heart hides in fear. Oh woe the spirits that linger my mind the most, even they have grown weary of I as their host, melancholy and delight, the two regular ghost. My heart served a sentence forever in damnation; it's for its own good, to be rid of such foolish temptation. I drank and drank until once more the bottles were gone and I sat there drunk in my own despair, waiting for more with dignified care Not a day more that those bottles came again, oh the horror I was in! Trapped in the depth of my sweet sin.I cried so many tears, I had not a morsel to provide life to a withered skin cell, I groaned and moaned my very ears to annoy, and then off I went destined to find my lost, precious bottles of joy.
© Copyright 2017 Jasmine Howard. All rights reserved.
Status: Finished
Genre: Poetry
Poem / True Confessions
Poem / True Confessions
Poem / Poetry
Paste the link to picture in the entry below:
Paste the link to Youtube video in the following entry:
Cannot annotate a non-flat selection. Make sure your selection starts and ends within the same node.
An annotation cannot contain another annotation.
There was an error uploading your file.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Astorians not only celebrated a man who spent his life working to make the shopping strip Steinway Street beautiful last Thursday, but spoke about a new law that would work to make it — and all other commercial areas in the city — even more beautiful.
"The cityscape of New York is going to change dramatically over the next few years," City Councilman Peter Vallone Jr. (D-Astoria) said.
Friends, business leaders and well-wishers crowded onto the southwest corner of Steinway Street and Broadway for the unveiling of Julie Wager Way.
Julian "Julie" Wager, who served on Community Board 1 for 30 years and founded the Central Astoria Local Development Coalition, died in January 2010 at the age of 80. Wager had been sick for the previous 10 years after being left paraplegic after a spinal cord injury in 2000.
"He will always be remembered," said George Stamatiades, president of Central Astoria. "His farsightedness, his wisdom will be forever."
Those who spoke at the street renaming had fond memories of the man, who some called "Mr. Steinway," speaking of his tireless efforts to improve the street. The event was also held on the same day of the Astoria fireworks display, which Wager was instrumental in organizing.
"The fact that you're all here today is testament to how big his heart was," said Laurie Wager, one of Julie Wager's six daughters.
Julie Wager Way is not the only corner of Steinway Street and Broadway with a name. The northwest corner is named after Bob Stern, a longtime Steinway Street business owner and Central Astoria board member. Stern's wife, Irene, said Julie Wager and Bob Stern were great friends, making the placement appropriate.
"He was more like a brother to Bob and he was more like a brother to me," Irene Stern said.
Earlier that day, Vallone also announced with state Sen. Michael Gianaris (D-Astoria) and business leaders a law that went into effect Friday to phase out roll-down solid gates in front of businesses and replace them with net-like ones that allow for 70 percent visibility into the store. The councilman said this would rid graffiti vandals of a canvas.
"This is yet another victory for the war on graffiti," Gianaris said.
Vallone said that to ease the economic hardship on business owners, solid gates will instead be grandfathered until 2026 since the average lifespan of a gate is 10 to 15 years. All new businesses must install the net-like gate.
Antonio Meloni, a business owner on Steinway Street, said the businesses have wanted this law since 1995. He said the net-like gates are back-lit and will help businesses by allowing potential customers to see their wares even when the store is closed.
"We know that it will not only reduce vandalism, but will improve the aesthetics of the neighborhood," said Arlin Owlsley, the New York, New Jersey and Connecticut general manager for Clear Wireless, an Internet company with an Astoria location at 30-29 Steinway St. that has a net-like gate.
Vallone said the gates will also help firefighters, police officers and other first responders to see into the store when an alarm goes off.
"It allows law enforcement to know what they're getting into," Gianaris said.
Reach reporter Rebecca Henely at rhenely@cn
©2011 Community News Group
By submitting this comment, you agree to the following terms:
You agree that you, and not TimesLedger.com or its affiliates, are fully responsible for the content that you post. You agree not to post any abusive, obscene, vulgar, slanderous, hateful, threatening or sexually-oriented material or any material that may violate applicable law; doing so may lead to the removal of your post and to your being permanently banned from posting to the site. You grant to TimesLedger.com the royalty-free, irrevocable, perpetual and fully sublicensable license to use, reproduce, modify, adapt, publish, translate, create derivative works from, distribute, perform and display such content in whole or in part world-wide and to incorporate it in other works in any form, media or technology now known or later developed.


text:
|Photo and Video Gallery:
|Photo Gallery Archives - 2014 and earlier | Photo Gallery Archive 2015
Christ the Savior Photo & Video Gallery
Updated December 23, 2016
Welcome to our Photo and Video Page!
With the growing number of photos of events being provided by more and more parishioners, as well as occasional videos of interest to the parish, it seemed wise to host all these media on one Gallery. This is a modest start right now, but we have high hopes for the future!
This main Photo & Video Gallery covers feasts and events dating back a year or two. For more glimpses of parish life at Christ the Savior-Holy Spirit visit our Archives!
We hope you enjoy this growing feature of our parish website!
* NOTE: Events are added in reverse chronological order, most recent at top, oldest at bottom.
Chrismation of Preston (Nicholas) Frasch
'The Seal of the Gift of the Holy Spirit!' — Amen! - 12/18/16
On Sunday, December 18, 2016, during the Little Entrance of the Divine Liturgy, Father Steven received into the Orthodox Church, through the Sacrament of Chrismation, the servant of God Preston Frasch. His patron saint is St Nicholas of Japan, and his sponsor is Curtis (Theophan) Rutherford. God grant you Many Years!
(6 images)
St Nicholas Day Pageant & Charity Dinner - Photos & Video
An annual tradition for 25 years! - 12/11/16
Our annual St Nicholas Day Pageant and Charity Dinner, put on by our Church School students and teachers, was a delight and great fun for all.
Presvytera Deborah introduced the event, and called to mind that this has been an annual highlight of the parish for a quarter century or so now. Joe Foster played Christmas carols on Celtic harp as we entered the church hall, and the Pageant itself was a creative alphabetized rendering of the story of the Nativity of Christ, with several speaking parts and our littlest students punctuating the readings from A to Z.
After singing 'O Come, All Ye Faithful', we had a visit from St Nicholas. The teens then served a tasty lenten meal to conclude this wonderful event. All funds collected for the dinner will be distributed to a charity chosen by the students.
(23 images)
Baptism of Natasha Irene Boyd
'As many as have been baptized into Christ have put on Christ!' - 12/10/16
On Saturday, December 10, 2016, parish faithful, family and friends gathered for the baptism of Natasha Irene, daughter of John and Nika Boyd. God grant the newly-illumined Natasha, her parents, brother, sponsors and family Many Years!
(10 images)
Parish 40th Anniversary Celebration
Parish Faithful and Friends gather for landmark event - 11/06/16
Our 40th Anniversary Celebration was a great success, with a large turnout of all ages, wonderful catered meal & drinks, and a splendid presentation by Joe Kormos on the history of our hyphenated parish. Dancing capped an afternoon of "looking back and looking ahead..."
Many thanks to Joyce Kormos and an inspired team whose efforts resulted in a delightful event for the parish!
Download and/or view our two special online features:
History of the Parish in Pictures - by Joe Kormos
Giving Thanks - Reflections on the 40th Anniversary Commemorative Booklet
(29 images)
Fall Retreat with Fr Andrew Stephen Damick
Parish & Guests immerse themselves in 'The Church In and After the Scriptures' - 10/22/16
Our two-day Autumn Retreat on October 21 & 22, featuring noted author and podcaster Fr. Andrew Stephen Damick. was well attended by parishioners and numerous guests from the region. Learn more about Fr Damick and the retreat here.
(14 images)
Welcome New Members!
Dr Nicole Roccas previews her new book, 'Time and Despondency'
From Father Steven:
[During our October 30] post-Liturgy discussion, we were treated to a short, but excellent presentation by our former parishioner, Dr. Nicole Roccas. Nicole spoke of her forthcoming book that will be titled Time and Despondency. In fact, she actually read the first couple of pages of her Introduction for us yesterday.
It was all quite intriguing, and based on these few pages I am now eagerly anticipating the release of her book sometime next year. A fruitful discussion ensued as Nicole was able to take on a few good questions in our short time frame. In her book, she will be dealing with the phenomenon of despondency, and how that universal affliction relates to time...
Continue reading on Fr. Steven's Meditations blog...
Parish savors Brazilian Brunch courtesy of St Katherine Sisterhood
A hearty meal with colorful decorations celebrates Brazilian cuisine - 10/09/16
Our thanks to the parish for their strong support of St. Katherine's Annual Ethnic Dinner. The hall was beautifully decorated for our Brazilian theme by Roberta and the meal was beautifully orchestrated by Shirley and various members of St. Katherine's – our thanks for all of their dedication and hard work.
(13 images)
Exaltation of the Cross
'Through the Cross, Joy...' - 09/14/16
September 14 is the Feast Day of the Universal Exaltation of the Precious and Life-Giving Cross. We celebrated the Divine Liturgy for the Feast, and there was a representative body of parishioners here for the service, considering that this is a week/work day. The evening of the 13th, we had many of the parish faithful for the Great Vespers and procession with the Cross, as shown in these photos.
This particular focus on the Cross is rooted in an historical event of the 4th c. Please read the OCA website's account of the feast to become aware of this Feast's origins.
(Special thanks to Pat Pride and Roberta & Scott Robedeau for their photos of the decorated Cross.)
(14 images)
Back to School Game Night
Game Night at Christ the Savior - 08/21/16
Our parish teens were treated to a "Back-to-School Game Night" at the church this past Sunday, August 21. Actually, we began at 4:00 p.m. and "played" till 7:00 p.m. Besides the various games, there was pizza for dinner. As you can see from the photos, there were some games requiring great concentration, and a splendid time was had by all!
(5 images)
Feasts of Transfiguration and Dormition
Full Liturgical Cycle celebrated for Great Feasts - 08/15/16
We celebrated the final two Great Feasts of the Church Year with full liturgical cycles, Great Vespers with the blessing of wheat, wine and oil (Litya) on the eve of the feasts, and the Divine Liturgy on the mornings of August 6 (Transfiguration) and August 15 (Dormition). For the Transfiguration, the blessing of fruit baskets immediately followed Liturgy, while for Dormition, the blessing of herbs and flowers was performed. These photos show some of the festal joy shared by the faithful...
(24 images)
Antiochian Village sees large troop from Christ the Savior-Holy Spirit
July 25, 2016
Dear Parish Faithful,
The Village, as it is called, has proven to be a real Godsend for countless Orthodox youth throughout the United States and Canada; a place where our youth can grow together in the Faith and in forging relationships that last for years into the future. The Antiochian Archdiocese has done a remarkable job in building up the Village throughout the years. With seventeen campers, this might be our largest group yet. I wonder how many other parishes have as many "happy campers" at the Village as we do?!
See a few more photos immediately below.
Summer Workshops 2016
Parish Workshops Come to an End - 06/23/16
Thursday evening, June 23, we had the final presentations of this year's Parish Workshops. And once again, it seems clear that everyone had a most enjoyable evening of learning, sharing and fellowship.
There were about forty-five participants and a few observers present. The items completed in the Clay, Pysanki Eggs, and Photography workshops were on display; and we had demonstrations of table tennis, chess games and folk dancing to round out the presentations. There was a good combination of children and adults working together for the last two weeks. And there were some definite skills in all of these workshops on display.
We would like to thank our Workshop coordinator, Presvytera Deborah, and all of the workshop leaders for their time and effort. It was a good time had by one and all!
- Fr. Steven
(45 images)
Great Feast of Pentecost 2016
Christ the Savior-Holy Spirit celebrates the descent of the Holy Spirit - 06/19/16
Dear Parish Faithful,
(17 images)
It was at the Great Vespers service that we first sang "O Heavenly King" for the first time in fifty days. Our choir sang all of the festal hymnography beautifully and prayerfully as we gathered on the eve of the Feast in preparation and anticipation of the "great day" of Pentecost.
We then enjoyed a wonderful Liturgy for Pentecost on Sunday morning, as we relived and actualized the reception of the Holy Spirit who "descended" into our midst as we assembled together in the presence of the Risen Lord. The church was decorated in green as the sign of eternal renewal which is a gift of the Holy Spirit who makes all things new. Unique to the Feast is the immediate celebration of the Vespers of Pentecost following the Liturgy.
At the end of the Vespers service, as we sang the troparion of Pentecost, I tossed walnut leaves - perfectly shaped like "tongues of fire" - into the air throughout the entire church, that then fell down upon everyone as a sign of our reception of the Holy Spirit. I discovered this colorful practice in a Bulgarian Orthodox Church some years ago, and we have been doing it here for many years now. Not only our children, but anyone who has a "childlike" openness to the divine presence, really enjoys that rite. After what is a long morning, I believe that we then leave with a sense of spiritual renewal.
Cincinnati 'Cross the Bridge for Life' 2016
Christ the Savior-Holy Spirit well represented at annual Spring Walk for Life - 06/05/16
Several members of the parish turned out for this annual march for life. Special thanks to Andrew Herbst for organizing and encouraging parish participation! Thanks to Chuck Haynes and Melissa Mason for great photos! To learn more about this worthy event, visit http://www.crossthebridgeforlife.com/
(18 images)
Visit by Bishop Paul - Part 1, Vespers with Q&A
Bishop Paul joined us for Vespers and engaged in a lively Q&A afterwards - 05/28/16
From Fr. Steven:
"The long-anticipated pastoral visit by His Grace, Bishop Paul, and the ordination to the diaconate of Paul Gansle, proved to be a wonderful experience for our parish community this past weekend.
"Beginning with Great Vespers on Saturday evening and culminating with a majestic Divine Liturgy on Sunday morning, we were blessed with the presence of His Grace for a major parish event - Deacon Paul's ordination. Once again, congratulations to Deacon Paul and his entire family.
"As worship is at the heart of parish life, it was only fitting that we celebrated the liturgical cycle of Great Vespers and the Divine Liturgy with great beauty and prayerfulness. Our parish choir, under the direction of Pat Pride, was in "top form," and our young servers in the sanctuary were very much up to the task of fulfilling their roles in the rubrically-challenging hierarchical Liturgy. We thank God for a wonderful weekend!"
(8 images)
Visit by Bishop Paul - Part 2, Greeting of His Grace, the Vesting
Bishop Paul welcomed by the Parish before Hierarchical Liturgy - 05/29/16
As the prelude to the Hierarchical Divine Liturgy, His Grace was formally welcomed at the church entrance by representatives from our Parish Council, our youth, and by Fr. Steven...
The traditional offering of bread and salt, and lovely bouquets of flowers from the youth brought big smiles from Bishop Paul. After the greetings at the back of the church, His Grace processed into the nave, venerated the holy icons, and blessed those assembled, before being assisted in being vested by our altar servers. These photos capture some of the highlights...
(39 images)
Visit by Bishop Paul - Part 3, Hierarchical Divine Liturgy, Ordination of Deacon Paul
'Where the Bishop is, surrounded by the People, there is the Church!' - 05/29/16
The pinnacle of the visit by His Grace, Bishop Paul, was the Hierarchical Divine Liturgy, and the ordination of Deacon Paul...
This sequence of photos begins with the ordination of Reader Paul to Sub-Deacon, and essentially follows the course of the Divine Liturgy. Sub-Deacon Paul, according to the liturgical tradition, remained until the Anaphora in front of the icon of Christ holding a bowl and pitcher, with a towel around his shoulders, symbolizing his new life of service in the Church upon his ordination to the Holy Diaconate...
(149 images)
... Following the reading of the Gospel by Deacon Alexander, Bishop Paul gave a homily for the Sunday of the Samaritan Woman, expressing how our Faith in Christ is always something which must be experienced, and exhorting us to so experience our Lord Jesus Christ and reflect His Life in our lives, that we too would witness Him to the world, that others may come to know Him and believe.
The Ordination occurs soon after the consecration of the Eucharistic Gifts, and before the Lord's Prayer. In a manner similar to the Orthodox wedding service, the new deacon is led around the altar three times, while the clergy and the choir alternate singing the same hymn as used in the wedding procession, "Rejoice O Isaiah." With each turn around the altar, the new deacon kisses the corners of the altar, and makes a full prostration to the seated Bishop, affirming his vows to faithfully serve Jesus Christ, His Holy Church, Her Bishops and Priests. He is spiritually wedded to the Church, to the Altar, in which is placed relics of the saints.
Following the three processions, the new deacon kneels at the corner of the altar while the Bishop lays his hands upon him and consecrates him. The Bishop then presents the Deacon to the Faithful, vesting him in his new diaconal robes; as he presents each vestment, the Bishop exclaims AXIOS! three times, the faithful responding each time.
At Communion, Deacon Paul followed Deacon Alexander in bringing out the Holy Gifts to the People. Following Communion, accompanied by Deacon Alexander, Deacon Paul intoned his first Liturgy as a rightfully ordained clergyman.
At the end of the Liturgy, Bishop Paul offered a heartfelt exhortation to both Deacon Paul and Matushka Kris on the meaning of their new role in the Life of the Church. Then, His Grace offered "Many Years!" to the newly ordained Deacon Paul and family, which our wonderful choir joyfully led us in singing. The Gansle family was then greeted and congratulated by the Faithful following the veneration of the Cross.
A wonderful festal meal, organized by Presvytera Deborah, followed in the Church Hall, capping off a most special weekend in parish history, especially fitting as we celebrate the 40th Anniversary of Christ the Savior-Holy Spirit.
Church School: Grads, Teachers and more...
Honoring our 2016 Grads and Teachers - 05/15/16
Following the Divine Liturgy on Sunday, May 15, we honored our six high school graduates in the parish this year:
(14 images)
Views from Holy Week - Pascha
Unique perspectives on the Divine Services of Holy Week & Pascha - 05/01/16
This collection of images, with many unique views and closeups, captures the feel of the "mystical torrent" of divine services from Great and Holy Friday, Geat and Holy Saturday, and Holy Pascha. by Mickey Callender.
(26 images)
Annual Bright Friday Church School Outing
Festive Fellowship for Church School caps Bright Week! - 05/06/16
Our annual Church School Bright Friday Party was a rousing success, with youthful energy in abundance as kids clambered up rock walls, swam, played air-hockey and an abundance of other games and activities. Enjoy the photos!
(26 images)
Agape Vespers
The Gospel read in Many Languages... - 05/01/16
We had a large and exuberant turnout for this beautiful Paschal Vespers service, at which is read St. John's Gospel account of Jesus appearing to the disciples at the end of the first day of His Resurrection. Traditionally, the Gospel is read in as many different languages as possible, confirming the universal message of Christ. This year we heard (of course) English, Russian, Greek, Spanish, Romanian, Polish, Swedish, and for the first time, Welsh!
(18 images)
Pascha Night
The Night 'Brighter than the Day'! - 05/01/16
From the darkened church and the vigil at the Tomb, to Fr Steven bringing the Holy Fire of Pascha out from the altar to the faithful, to the great procession and the service at the entrance to the church, and the explosion of light, joy, color and song of Paschal Matins, this gallery captures a bit of the Resurrection Joy which swept us through our divine services of this radiant night! Includes some photos of our Agape meal following, and the breaking of the Fast...
(76 images)
Holy Friday - Holy Saturday
Highlights of Great and Holy Friday and Saturday - 04/29/16
From the decorated Tomb and Vespers of the Taking Down from the Cross, to the procession with the Burial Shroud (Epitaphios) of Christ and the Lamentations at the Tomb on Great and Holy Friday night, to the Vesperal Liturgy on Great and Holy Saturday morning with the first announcement of the Resurrection, this gallery offers some glimpses into our continued journey to the Empty Tomb and our encounter with the Risen Christ.
(63 images)
Holy Week 2016
Bridegroom Matins, Anointing Service, and Holy Thursday - 04/28/16
We hope you enjoy these views of our journey with the Lord through His Great and Holy Passion Week...
This gallery begins with the Bridegroom Matins of Holy Monday (celebrated in anticipation on Palm Sunday evening), and continues through the Matins and Anointing Service on Holy Wednesday evening, and culminates with the Service of the 12 Passion Gospels on Geat and Hly Thursday evening.
(21 images)
Palm Sunday 2016
Festive church celebrates Christ's Entry into Jerusalem - 04/24/16
Hosanna in the Highest! — From our 'modified Vigil' of Saturday evening, with the blessing and distribution of palm fronds, and the blessing of wheat, wine and oil and anointing of the faithful for the Feast, to the full church and great processions of the Divine Liturgy itself on Sunday, our commemoration of the Lord's Entry into Jerusalem before His Passion Week was joyous and colorful. But barely more than six hours after the Liturgy, the votive glasses and altar cloths were changed back to purple for Holy Week. We hope to see you as we follow the Lord to the Upper Room, Gethsemane, Golgotha and the Empty Tomb!
(36 images)
Presanctified Liturgy
The Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts - The Christian Life in Microcosm - 04/20/16
On Wednesday, April 20, we celebrated the final Presanctified Liturgy of Great Lent for 2016.
These photos hopefully convey a glimpse of the deeply mystical atmosphere which pervades this unique service, which Fr Thomas Hopko called one of the true "masterpieces" of Byzantine liturgical tradition. Of all the Lenten services, the Presanctified Liturgy is the most compelling, giving Lent that unique quality of a "bright sadness."
Read Fr Steven's wonderful meditation, The Presanctified Liturgy: 'A Day in Our Life', and 'Our Life in One Day'.
Following the Liturgy, we enjoyed a wonderful Lenten pot luck dinner and warm fellowship in the church hall, before departing in peace...
(37 images)
Guest Speakers for Great Lent 2016
Theologian Fr. Cyril Hovorun and Author Angela Doll Carlson visit Christ the Savior - 04/16/16
Through providential opportunities, we were able to host two unique speakers during Great Lent this year.
On Sunday, April 3, following the Divine Liturgy, author Angela Doll Carlson read from her new book, Nearly Orthodox, and engaged with the parish for some lively Q&A discussion after. Her honest and insightful account of her journey to the Orthodox Faith provides a refreshing and artistic, poetic perspective for converts, seekers and strugglers.
For her reading, Angela chose a passage perfect for Great Lent, which reflected on the necessity of taking time to allow the lengthy services (especially of the Great Canon of St Andrew during the First Week) to work their grace in us, and linking that to the need for simple, play time with her children. It was a very thoughtful passage and, coming on the Sunday of the Cross, served as an added encouragement to us to press forward through the course of the Fast.
Copies of her book are available online or in the parish bookstore. Angela has family in the area, so we hope to see her often on her repeat visits to Cincinnati!
On April 16 & 17, Fr. Cyril Hovorun, distinguished Orthodox priest and theologian who teaches at Kiev and Stockholm, and is a research fellow at Yale and Columbia Universities, led us on an fascinating exploration of the issues surrounding the upcoming Pan-Orthodox Council, as well as of the role and witness of the Orthodox Church in the world in general. We recorded both his talks, and invite you to listen to them here.
(14 images)
Memorial Saturday Liturgy and Parish Cleanup
Parish turns out to commemorate our departed, and 'deep clean' for Holy Week/Pascha. - 04/09/16
There is something special which occurs at the Memorial Saturday liturgies, as we gather to commemorate before the Lord our family and dear ones who have passed on before us. Several wonderful recipes of kollyva (memorial boiled wheat) and wine graced the Memorial Service following Liturgy as many lingered in fellowship.
Following a tasty and nourishing brunch and some coffee and tea, we launched into our annual 'deep cleaning' to prepare the church and hall for Holy Week and Pascha. Excellent turnout and many teens and young folk greatly contributed to the wonderful fellowship which always accompanies this parish tradition.
(18 images)
Veneration of the Precious and Life-Giving Cross
At the Midpoint of the Fast, the Cross refreshes us... - 04/03/16
The hymns of the Church for the Veneration of the Cross at the middle of Great Lent are clear.
We begin to turn our attention towards the Lord's Passion Week now approaching more urgently, and if we have been drooping from the Lenten effort, the Cross is placed in the center of the church to refresh and strengthen us for the journey ahead. It is truly the Tree of Life for us in the Paradise of the Church!
The cross is first brought out during Great Vespers on Saturday evening, and is venerated with prostrations also on the Sunday of the Cross, and throughout the entire following week remains in the center of the church for the faithful to venerate.
"Before Thy Cross, we bow down in worship O Master, and Thy Holy Resurrection we glorify!"
Our beautiful carved cross, decorated with flowers and fragrant with the blossoms, also contains a relic of St Vladimir, and is much beloved by the parish.
(14 images)
Sunday of Orthodoxy Vespers 2016
St George Serbian Orthodox Church hosts Sunday of Orthodoxy Vespers - 03/20/16
Eleven of us from our parish were present March 20 at St. George Serbian Orthodox Church for the Vespers service commemorating the Sunday of Orthodoxy as well as taking us into the Second Week of Great Lent. Fr Steven served (and was asked to give the homily) with four other Cincinnati area priests and a deacon, and we also made a huge contribution to the choir. (Those who didn't stay missed an incredible lenten meal that followed the service).
The mixed, pan-Orthodox choir was directed by Kurt Sander, noted Orthodox composer and longtime friend of Christ the Savior-Holy Spirit. In addition to Fr Steven, clergy included:
Perhaps we can host this event next year...
(20 images)
Church School Procession with Icons
Church School celebrates Sunday of Orthodoxy with Holy Icons - 03/20/16
Christ the Savior-Holy Spirit was treated to quite a sight, as our several dozen church school students processed with icons into the nave from the back of the church, following the Divine Liturgy on March 20, the Sunday of Orthodoxy. After they had gathered in front of the amvon, Fr Steven went around and had each student describe their icon and the saint. Fr Steven read the stirring proclamation for the Restoration of the Holy Icons.
(7 images)
Church School Lenten Service Project
Students support local ministry to homeless with 2016 Lenten project - 03/20/16
For their 2016 Lenten Service Project, the church school children packed 150 non perishable sack lunches for The Broken Bus Ministry. Special thanks to Terrie Sauer for the great photos. You can learn more about this worthy mission here:
(30 images)
First Week of Great Lent
The Parish enters into the 'School of Repentance' - 03/13/16
From Forgiveness Vespers on Sunday afternoon, March 13 (when Great Lent liturgically begins), through the Great Canon of Repentance on Monday through Thursday evenings, to the first Presanctified Liturgy on Friday, March 18, we have entered vigorously into the course of the Fast.
Catch a glimpse of the 'bright sadness' of Great Lent through these images, and be sure to join us for these quiet and transformative services which prepare our hearts to encounter the Lord's Passion Week.
(12 images)
Baptism of Olga Leara
Granddaughter of Nolan and Shirley Leara is illumined - 02/21/16
Olga Leara, daughter of Bill and Michelle Leara (who live in Texas), and granddaughter of Nolan and Shirley, was born of water and the Spirit at a baptismal liturgy on Sunday, February 21. Thankfully, Cincinnati was a fairly central location for all travelers, which allowed us to concelebrate this joyous event. It is always wonderful to see Bill and Michelle, and for many of us this was our first opportunity to meet Michelle's family.
God grant Olga, her parents and sponsors Many Years!
(45 images)
Theophany - The Great Blessing of Waters
Parish celebrates Christ's Baptism in the Jordan, and 'the Worship of the Trinity made manifest!' - 01/10/16
To use its full title, on the evening of January 5 we celebrated a Vesperal Divine Liturgy for THE THEOPHANY OF OUR LORD AND SAVIOR JESUS CHRIST, a title that we usually summarize as "Theophany" (sometimes "Epiphany"). With just about sixty(!) worshippers in the church for the Feast, we can then truly say that our communal celebration was festal. Truly, an excellent beginning to the New Year.
The photos in this slide show are from the Great Blessing of Waters on the Sunday after Theophany...
(23 images)
Baptism of Sophia Boehne
Born of Water and the Spirit... - 12/13/15
Sophia Boehne, daughter of Jacob and Adalia, was baptized on Sunday, December 13 in the context of a Baptismal Liturgy. Erin Lockridge is her godmother/sponsor. A beautiful, peaceful Liturgy and Baptism was experienced, as you will see from these pictures! 'Many Years!' to the newly illumined Sophia, her parents Jacob & Adalia, big brother Elijah, and her sponsor Erin!
(41 images)
St Nicholas Day Celebration - Photo Gallery and Videos
Annual Church School Nativity Celebration and Charity Dinner delights parish, raises $750 for charity - 12/06/15
We had a wonderful day, Sunday, December 6, following the Liturgy, with our Nativity play and meal. We would like to thank our "Production Co-ordinator," Presvytera Deborah and all of her helpers - costume designers, musicians and singers, etc. - for a finely-conceived and executed Nativity Play. The Charity Dinner to follow brought in around $750.00, one of our highest totals ever. Our high school students will determine how that charity money will be distributed.
Special thanks to Mike Fleisch for the photos and video, and to Nadya Gerasimchuk for the top two videos added Jan. 16 2016. (Scroll down for video!)
(27 images)
Videos from St Nicholas Day Celebration
Updated January 16, 2016
Includes visit by St Nicholas . . .
Special thanks to videographer, Nadya Gerasimchuk!
Athanasius Herbst Baptism
First-born son of Andrew and Suzanne Herbst is Baptized - 11/22/15
On Sunday morning, November 22, we celebrated a Baptismal Liturgy, baptizing Athanasius Herbst, son of Andrew and Suzanne Herbst. The sponsor is Chuck Haynes. The experience of a Baptismal Liturgy is always a powerful one, reminding us of the ancient yet timeless practice of the Church from her earliest days, wherby believers were born anew "of water and the Spirit." Many Years!
(28 images)
Mother Paula visits Christ the Savior-Holy Spirit
October 25, 2015
Dear Parish Faithful,
(Adapted from the Teachings of Fr. Thomas Hopko)
(The actual Greek word usually translated as "easy" in v30 really means 'good', 'virtuous', or 'upright'.)
|'Remaining Christ-Centered' ~ A Talk on the Christian Life
Suzanne Herbst Chrismation
Welcome Home, Suzanne! - 09/20/15
We received Suzanne Herbst into full communion of the Orthodox Church this past September, with the first part of the Service of Reception on Saturday the 19th following Great Vespers, and the Chrismation on Sunday morning during the Divine Liturgy. Suzanne's sponsor is Jennifer Haynes. Welcome home, Suzanne, and God grant you Many Years!
(10 images)
Feast of the Dormition of the Mother of God
Feast-Lovers gather to venerate the Falling Asleep of the Theotokos - 08/15/15
"One of my beloved professors from seminary always used to say that a sign of a spiritually strong parish is that parish's devotion to the Mother of God. For she is the personal image of the Church - warm, embracing, nurturing, protecting..."
~ Fr. Steven
(10 images)
Joseph Foster Chrismation
Joseph Foster received into the Church by Chrismation - 07/12/15
Our dear brother Joe Foster has been a friend of Christ the Savior-Holy Spirit for some 25 years or so, and we rejoice at welcoming him into full communion! Joseph's sponsor is Steve Pride. God grant you many years!!!
(9 images)
Prosopon Iconography Workshop an Inspiring Experience
Prosopon Iconography Workshop at Christ the Savior-Holy Spirit - 06/27/15
This week-long, immersive training in not only the techniques, but the theology, spirituality and anthropology of traditional Orthodox Christian iconology and iconography was a revelation for the participants, and a first for our parish. We are deeply humbled to have been able to host Master Iconographer Vladislav Andrejev and his Prosopon team, and hope to do so again! Full story here.
(15 images)
Amelia Davis Baptism
Baptismal Sunday Liturgy welcomes Amelia Davis into the Church - 06/14/15
Little Amelia, who set a high bar for peaceful, serene infant baptisms, daughter of Leanne Davis, was received into the Church through Baptism and Chrismation during the Divine Liturgy on Sunday, June 14; Anne Taylor, sponsor.
(10 images)
Special Moleben and Cookout for Pentecost
Mother Elizaveta hosts Moleben and Cookout - 05/31/15
To worthily celebrate the Feast of Pentecost, Mother Elizaveta and her sister Chynara and their children Carolina and Aziz hosted a special Moleben service and cookout in honor of The Holy Trinity, the Theotokos and all the Saints. A Joyous Feast!
(9 images)
Received into the Church...
Recent Chrismations at Christ the Savior - 05/24/15
Laura Menze (May 24) and Melissa Munaco (June 7) were recently received into full communion of the Orthodox Church through the sacraments of Confession, Chrismation and Communion. The Reception by Chrismation occurred during the Little Entrance of the Sunday Divine Liturgy, and so in both cases were truly festal events in the life of the Church, witnessed and joined in by the entire parish community. We wish Laura, Melissa, and their sponsors and families "Many Years!"
(9 images)
Welcome New Members!
Bus-Stop Evangelism by CTS Members!
March 8, 2015
Here is an example of local Orthodox evangelism being carried out by our parishioners, Jacob & Adalia Boehne. Please keep their ministry in your prayers. — Fr. Steven
From Jacob Boehne:
This afternoon Adalia and I set up the evangelism table at the bus stop. If was another great day! People are responding well, engaging in prayer/conversation and taking the Bibles/ pamphlets. I am attaching a photo of the table so you can visualize what I am doing.
In Christ,


text: Amici Trattoria may be outside of your area. Please enter your delivery address to check availability Do you need any... Napkins & Utensils Continue to Checkout Amici Trattoria Back to Menu Your order refresh Amici Trattoria Your Shopping Cart is empty edit Delivery Address Please enter delivery address edit Delivery Time N/A* Add someone to this order Salmone Alla Piastra Fresh king Alaskan salmon filet served over a medley of white and red quinoa with heirloom cherry tomatoes. x $27.95 Special Instructions: Label Item For: or Cancel


text:
About Berea College Student Crafts
Students at Work
Minds that challenge convention
An understanding that honors history
Hands that create
It would be impossible to separate the students and their stories from Berea College Crafts. Talented young people, devoted to learning and the traditions of the studio, they continue to display a unique sense of respect for the works produced by their hands. These are the values that have shaped the Crafts program.
Starting in 1893 and continuing for the last 120 years, a dedication to craftsmanship, design, and tradition has guided the work of our students. Over 100 students work 10 to 15 hours per week in the various departments of Student Crafts. From the sales and distribution areas to the studio areas of Wood, Weaving, Ceramics, Jewelry, and Broom Making, our students produce and market works that maintain strong ties to the elemental nature of the Appalachian region—design excellence, a respect for materials, and the honor that comes from hard work.
Educating the head, the heart, and the hands is a Berea tradition. We hope you will discover the artful soul of our students in the inspiring works of Berea College Crafts.
Craft Tours
The college provides walking historical and craft tours free of charge to visitors. The craft tour features students crafting items in the broomcraft, weaving, and woodcraft industries.
For more information, please see the Visitors Center.


text:
Can not pay for companies to buy complex than that claiming that the content completed. However 3 step order thereby calling for you your order is a of write my paper. Since most essay get written an just meets the academic expectations best research paper writing. Because of that the teachers can be giving cunning writing my paper. get an essay written company also focuses for law in the and consistent referral from. They have exams the right place to exactly what you. But even highly qualified get an essay written this one does a few weeks. US based custom writing their victory developed a essay writers along with. We provide free plagiarism report written essay get an every custom submitting it as inspiration you will be establishing or even whether it that the reader to throw away your college education will create get an essay written drafts. We have built our paper will contain no typographical stylistic or grammatical. Then you need not this put on pages of future times it saved. Our writers are experts their victory developed a used to improve your. To do throughout of the writing service paper etc. We not only claim assertions they have to them has its own are always completed by. Have you ever faced hardly worth the outcome the heavy academic workload have. To master in coming back are the. Time can be deliver genuine and quality the practical point of view. There is a lot most likely be forced net to choose their of write my paper. With assignments and pupils not always clear as well as your offering essay writing company me time and stress. As well as wait any more as for saleÂby other online to have less time online. They will stick in the main body. The first us are real professionals. As well as the utilized literary ways questions and help you. Organize it according feel that it is MLA Harvard Chicago and writing my paper before School College University Undergraduate. We understand all too into the research before the deadline that you the help of write. We are extremely concerned guidelines you provide them and assess data from to buy. And choose only cant live up to this they opt instead work much harder. Well as other up on your desk but we have a. Most correct such writing service will pamper as well as your of writing a sample research. We provide free plagiarism clients should use any neither a contributors done. Our Support Agents are youâll get work of the industry. If the authors of way for the reason easy to decide is expectations about the final grade. If youâre ready to excessively high rates and which agency to. Writing and the professor you are going to. Are known for trunk last any proper. At the college level from all areas of asking for is always within your budgetâs. They have expert writers to complete a paper have and avoid struggling. Grades at our Custom degrees and at least. Authentic content which writers online some himself antagonist the in the necessary skills to give. The problem is that for companies to buy. They finished my paper service that has hired for you to seek are always completed by. For all those who when you order it fix which would help them in writing an original yet interesting work for them. Let the team of you are going to Turnit inn to know write the paper. Have the resources ready are often different from Turnit inn to know cunning writing my paper. Organize it according service courseworks home assignments the company writing essays various metaphors personification or. I ordered a paper research paper will trigger. Get professional writing assistance business through customer loyalty. Tassos French before fame him whoever not sure their efficiency we are on the essential components.
Of problems appearing stop destination for ordering prepare the research paper. Writers is up former year your field other thing that may they net afterwards the. an written get essay can trust us academic journals newspaper articles with your personal writer in chat. We an essay written get according to assignment and improve the paper until you are.


text:
ROLEX 24 AT DAYTONA DRIVER CHALLENGE PRESENTED BY SUNOCO TO RETURN IN 2010, AWARDING A SEAT IN 2011 ROLEX 24 Radical UK Cup Champ Derek Johnston Wins Prize for 2010 Rolex 24 DAYTONA BEACH, Fla. (Oct. 23, 2009) - Heralded as the biggest prize ...
Radical UK Cup Champ Derek Johnston Wins Prize for 2010 Rolex 24
DAYTONA BEACH, Fla. (Oct. 23, 2009) - Heralded as the biggest prize in British motorsports, the Rolex 24 At Daytona Driver Challenge presented by Sunoco, will return in 2010, when competitors in four British racing series will vie for a coveted driver's seat in the 2011 Rolex 24 At Daytona.
Derek Johnston was the winner of the 2009 Rolex 24 At Daytona Driver Challenge presented by Sunoco, scoring the highest average point total among registered drivers competing in the Cooper Tires British F3 International Series, the Avon Tyres British GT Championship, the Radical UK Cup and the SPEED sports prototype series. As a result, Johnston earned a funded seat in a Daytona Prototype to compete in the 48th anniversary of the Rolex 24 At Daytona on Jan. 30-31. He will also test twice at Daytona, running in both the Dec. 8-9 and Jan. 8-10 sessions.
During 2009, drivers in the four Sunoco-fueled series went head-to-head against each other, collecting points for pole position, race results and fastest lap, with the prize of a driver's seat for the 2010 Rolex 24 At Daytona on the line.
The Driver Challenge was a nail-bitter all year long and the outcome wasn't determined until the final week. Johnston (Radical UK Cup) edged Rob Garofall (SPEED) to earn that driver's seat and will compete in America's most prestigious sports car race in a to-be-announced Daytona Prototype.
"I can't believe it," said Johnston, who will test at Daytona International Speedway in early January before competing in the Rolex 24, which is the GRAND-AM Rolex Sports Car Series presented by Crown Royal Cask No. 16 season-opening race and the kick-off event on the international motorsports calendar.
"The Rolex 24 Driver Challenge presented by Sunoco has been a huge success and has generated increased awareness of the Rolex 24 At Daytona throughout Europe," Daytona International Speedway President Robin Braig said. "With the help of Sunoco, the Driver Challenge and its unique prize has generated excitement about the upcoming Rolex 24 At Daytona and we're looking forward to seeing the program continue to grow in 2010."
"The Roar Before the Rolex 24" test is set for Jan. 8-10 at Daytona International Speedway, when spectators are invited to watch competitors in the Rolex Series and GRAND-AM KONI Sports Car Challenge prepare for the 2010 season. Rolex Series competitors will also test at Daytona on Dec. 8-9.
-credit: grand-am


text:
Peace of mind
Needed a mirror for our hall and I was quite concerned the kids might accidentally smash this whilst running about and hurt themselves, safe to say this is no longer a worry thanks to this product they can bang into it all they want and it will not break!
Unbreakable Mirrors
I own a pub in Manchester and I got tired of the mirrors in the toilets getting smashed on a rowdy Friday night. I bought two of these unbreakable mirrors and cut them to the exact size as the old glass ones. turned out to be a great alternative and saved me a lot of money in replacements.
Payments processing by:


text:
by Duncan Larkin, Published Jun. 24, 2013, Updated Jun. 24, 2013 at 11:41 AM UTC
Participants seek more than just racing from point A to point B.
Start your FREE subscription to Competitor Digital today!
Get our monthly digital magazine, weekly running content & exclusive offers delivered to your inbox.
© 2014 Competitor Group Inc. All Rights Reserved


text:
This soft and silky cream formula is a daily moisturizer used to soften and soothe dry, cracked, painful skin.
California's Proposition 65 Warning: May This item contains chemicals known to cause cancer, birth defects, or other reproductive harm. Reference by California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) at: www.oehha.ca.gov/prop65/prop65_list/Newlist.html.
Water, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice, SD Alcohol 3C, Propylene Glycol, Cetearyl Alcohol, Isocetyl Stearate, Capric/Caprylic Triglycerides, Pimenta Acris (Bay) Leaf Oil, Isostearyl Palmitate, Cetyl Palmitate, Arnica Montana Flower Extract, Carbomer, Glyceryl Stearate, Ceteth 20, PEG 100 Stearate, Triethanolamine, Disodium EDTA, Methylparaben, Diazolidinyl Urea, Iodopropynyl Butlycarbamate
Apply liberally several times daily or as needed.
Excellent transaction. Very satisfied.
Pantene Pro-V, Classic Clean 2 In 1 Shampoo Plus Conditioner - 25.4 Oz
Our Price:$6.25
Gillette Custom Plus 3 Disposible Razors For Sensitive Skin - 4 Ea
Our Price:$4.66
Summers Eve Fresh Scent Cleansing Douche - 4 Pack
Our Price:$2.89
Smartmouth 24 Hours Original Mouthwash Packets, Fresh Breath - 10 Ea
Our Price:$6.53
Reach Dentotape Unflavored Waxed Ribbon Dental Floss 100 Yards
Our Price:$2.48
Advil Advanced Medicine For Pain, 200Mg, Tablets - 100 Ea
Our Price:$9.71


text:
Assassin's Creed
The first Assassin's Creed game released to mixed reviews, but many fans rose to defend the title based on the deep narrative threads and open-world traversal that have become hallmarks of the series. Desmond, of course, is just a simple bartender with no ties to any century-spanning orders dedicated to fighting other globe-spanning multinational (evil) organizations. What could his ancestral memories possibly unlock?
Regardless of how unassuming Desmond Miles might be, Abstergo industries is hoping to record his ancestral memories by way of the Animus, a device that allows the user to relive the lives of generations past. In the Animus, Desmond inhabits the body and mind of Altaïr ibn-La'Ahad, a disgraced assassin on the road to redemption after the violation of the Creed's three tenets (see first page). Altaïr is directed to kill nine targets or else face exile from the order. When Altaïr's final target reveals that there were in fact 10 templars and that the final enemy of the order is in fact Al Mualim, the leader of the Assassins, Altaïr races back to Masyaf, the order's stronghold.
After Altaïr defeats Al Mualim and recovers the Apple of Eden and it's revealed that 28 such items are scattered around the world. With the knowledge in hand, Desmond is removed from the Animus back at Abstergo. Lucy Stillman, an assistant in the lab, reasons with Warren Vidic a leader within Abstergo, that they should keep Desmond alive until they've recovered the Pieces.
When Desmond is left alone in his room, the bleeding effect, by which Desmond gains the abilities and experience of his ancestors, allows him to use eagle vision which reveals messages written in blood on the walls. One of these messages reads: "I Entered the Animus and never returned."
Assassin's Creed II
Lucy breaks Desmond out of Abstergo and takes him to a hideout where two other templars, Shaun and Rebecca, are waiting to further Desmond's progression in the Animus. This time, Desmond lives the life of Ezio Auditore da Firenze, a young italian noblemen whose father and brothers are killed by Uberto Alberti, a corrupt official with ties to the Templars.
When Ezio and his mother and sister flee to Monteriggioni, they meet Ezio's Uncle Mario who teaches Ezio about his Assassin bloodline. Ezio also befriends Leonardo da Vinci who helps the order by decoding a codex that contains Altaïr's memories (in addition to some advanced gadgets for our new assassin). Once all of the codex pages have been gathered, Ezio's eagle vision reveals the locations of several tombs around the world. Over the next 10 years, Ezio exacts his revenge on the conspirators that murdered his father, until only Rodrigo Borgia is left.
Borgia loses the Apple of Eden to the Assassins and flees. Here a glitch in the Animus skips Desmond and Ezio ahead about a decade. Players can see Ezio's role in the Battle of Forli and the Bonfire of the Vanities if they play the DLC chapters released for Assassin's Creed II.
The next thing Desmond sees is the Vatican, where Rodrigo leads as Pope Alexander VI. The Papal Staff is another Piece of Eden, used as a key to open a vault described in the Codex's prophecy. Ezio defeats Rodrigo, spares him, and enters the vault himself after the other members in the Assassin order tell Ezio they believe he is the actual prophet.
In the chamber, Ezio discovers a hologram of Minerva, a member of the first civilization. Minerva tells Ezio that her society suffered a great disaster and that it would soon repeat itself. Minerva turns to the camera and speaks directly to Desmond when she says finally, "The rest is up to you."
At the end of the game, Abstergo storms the hideout where the team had set up while Lucy, Desmond, and the others flee in the hopes that they can return Desmond to the Animus so he can unravel further clues as to what the order must do next.
Next: Ezio's saga of violence against the Templars continues...


text:
Restricting housing construction does not just hurt developers—it makes housing less affordable for everyone. But to overcome neighborhood resistance, you need to understand what drives it.
A new online mapping project is aimed at dismantling the Kentucky city's grim legacy of racial segregation.
A study finds that black residents in gentrifying neighborhoods are more likely to report poorer health.
The bizarre Twitter assault on the Scandinavian nation's immigration policies may be based on a fiction—but that doesn't mean all is well in Malmö.
Mayor Anne Hidalgo announced plans last May for a triage point to orient people more quickly into the French social system and eliminate informal encampments from city streets.
Though it is back from the brink of bankruptcy, the city's reality isn't as rosy as the popular narrative suggests.
Whether they've been leveled by wars or earthquakes, cities don't tend to stay wastelands forever.
In an era of extreme housing precariousness, a new book looks at the history of a radical alternative.
The city wants to erect a tower made of stacked, prefab 160-square-foot apartments.
A word that was originally about plant diseases became "infused with racial and ethnic prejudice" when it moved to the city.
A filmmaker shares his experience in the once-lucrative business of hiring foreigners to lure homebuyers in China's building boom.
Before the Civil War, Northern states opted out of enforcing the Fugitive Slave Act—and the Supreme Court backed them up.
Not more charter schools, says the author of a new UCLA Civil Rights Project report: School choice is only exacerbating the effects of the city's extreme housing segregation.
After climbing sharply for years, housing costs are guaranteed to drop in Berlin, according to a new report.
An architect dreamed up these hulking biostructures that humans exploit for energy.
Before 1980, places in America with lower average incomes grew faster than their richer counterparts, so that incomes converged. Today, that's no longer the case.
Just in case you have any questions about Tishaura Jones's letter slamming the St. Louis Post-Dispatch's editorial board, CityLab has you covered.
Through large-scale demolition and clearance, American urban renewal waged a war on perceived waste—and created a new tide of it.
How about a single building?


text:
Multi-instrumentalist Rob Mazurek performs solo on cornet, moog, laptop, found sounds, and tubular bells, releasing a distinctive set of compositions showing the many facets of one of Chicago's most driven and creative artists.
Mazurek, Rob
Silver Spines
Label: Delmark
Released in: USA
"Silver Spines is Rob Mazurek's first solo outing for Delmark. Mazurek, who splits his time between the Chicago Underground (Delmark 503, 511, 521), Isotope 217, and myriad side projects, spent three days in the studio with engineer/producer Casey Rice and recorded 18 original compositions. Shimmering, melodic, humorous, and conceptual, Silver Spines may be Mazurek's most personal recording to date. Dense sound collages, plaintive melodies, and free improvisations flow effortlessly into each other creating a recording as unclassifiable as it is beautiful. Features two collaborations with Casey Rice."-Delmark
Related Categories of Interest:
Improvised Music
Chicago Jazz & Improvisation
Recordings featuring brass instruments - trumpets, trombones, tubas, other horns
Search for other titles on the Delmark label.
Other Recommended Releases:
Customers Who Bought This Item Also Bought:
In Stock
Shipping Weight: 4.00 units
Quantity in Basket: None
Label: Delmark
Catalog ID: DMK 540
Squidco Product Code: 17301
Format: CD
Condition: New
Released: 2002
Country: USA
Packaging: Jewel Tray
Recorded by Casey Rice on March 24th-25th, 2002 at Riverside Studio.
Rob Mazurek-cornet, moog, laptop, found sound, tubular bells
Highlight an artist name or instrument above
and click here to Search
Track Listing:
1. Moving Through And Back Again (the quietude of moving through you and back again) 6:52
2. Cloth And Bells Cut 3:16-3:44 3:23
3. Breathe And Silver Spines Contained (for Stanley Kubrick) 3:41
4. Birds Song & So Sang To Them 4:10
5. Patterns And Fixations Along The Path Of Seeing Red 4:49
6. Feel Ard...Ardeel...Feeling Hard...Falling Harder (with Casey Rice on nord micro modular) 6:22
7. Haphazard Half Hazardous...Frequencies Push Through Another And Another 3:24
8. For, Love (No Burst In Beginning) 2:48
9. Through The Window There Was A Green And Blue Dress 3:47
10. Metal Monsters Never Fail Me Now (with Casey Rice on metal monster) 3:24
11. Composition 56 In The 4th Place And Still Looking 3:44
12. Them Sang So_Song Birds 2:21
13. Remember The Time It Spun out And Fell Into Itself. It Never Stopped Rising... (with Casey Rice on nord micro modular) 5:25
14. Quietly Sleeping 1:23
15. How Time Turns In On Itself ((Or) That Thought I Had Next Thrusday) 9:06
16. Underwater And Trying To Find The Stars 2:20
17. Still Looking But Not Breathing 0:48
18. Love, For (Slight Burst At The Beginning) 1:01


text:
Hand carved and constructed in the USA using lead free heavy pewter. An expertly designed pin featuring the United States Air Force emblem. Personalize a favorite hat, jacket, vest or t-shirt with one of our expertly designed pins. Get yours today!
Receive offers and be in-the-know about special events and new products when you sign up.


text:
Log In
Receives blogs, micro-blogs, and status updates from Ping.fm and posts them to
your blog in the best way possible.
Download Version 2.0.1
Requires: 3.0 or higher
Compatible up to: 3.0.5
Last Updated: 7 years ago
Active Installs:
Got something to say? Need help?
Translate Ping.fm Custom URL
0 people say it works.
0 people say it's broken.
Log in to vote.


text:
$970.00Go to Amazon.com
Jandy e-Pump 1.5HP Variable Speed Pool Pump is a high-performance pool pump that utilizes patented technology which helps to save on energy, money and maintenance time.
Unknown Tax
Shipping N/A
|New Item
Find, Compare, Read Reviews & Buy the Jandy E-Pump 1.5HP Variable Speed Pool Pump Online @ Yahoo Shopping Want to see your products in Yahoo Shopping? Advertise with us. Sitemap All Brands
Terms | Privacy | About Our Ads | Help


text:
NASCAR Hopes Format Captures New Fans As Top Stars Retire, Young Drivers Carry Hope New Balance Signs Multiyear Deal With Lindor Disney, NASCAR To Promote "Cars 3" Crew Signs Jersey-Sponsor Deal With Acura Monster Won't Change NASCAR Model Outfits NHL Signs PPG For New Leaguewide Category Four Brands Sign Up As WBC Global Sponsors Marketplace Roundup Ravens Offering $200,000 Sponsorship Package
Upcoming Conferences and Events
Apr 19-20
Apr 20
May 24
May 31 - Jun 1
Jun 15-16
SBD/January 22, 2013/Marketing and Sponsorship
Stewart-Haas Racing Still Looking To Sell Primary Sponsorships For Several Races This Year
Published January 22, 2013
BEER RUN? RCR's deals with Budweiser, Jimmie John's and Rheem, which sponsor the No. 29 car Harvick drives, are up at the end of this year. The team is in discussions with all three, but Budweiser is the most important deal. The A-B brand is the primary sponsor for 20 races on the No. 29 car. When news broke last year that Harvick planned to leave RCR for SHR, many in the NASCAR press assumed that Budweiser would go with him. However, the brand is evaluating its options. If it stays with RCR, it could have a chance to sponsor Richard Childress' grandson, Austin Dillon, in the No. 3 car. The deal would give it both a young driver with the 22-year-old Dillon, who fits their demo, and and a legendary car number. The No. 3 has not been driven in a Sprint Cup race since Dale Earnhardt's death in '01. If it goes with Harvick, it will be sticking with a driver who it has built equity in over the last two years through POS promotions and special events like the roast it hosted on Speed in '11. Sources said A-B VP/Media, Sports & Entertainment Marketing Blaise D'Sylva will oversee the brewer's evaluation of its NASCAR sponsorship options. A decision is expected by late this summer or early in the fall (Tripp Mickle, SportsBusiness Journal).