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TBO.com is reporting this morning that infielder/outfielder Sean Rodriguez will be playing 3B today against the Toronto Blue Jays. Rodriguez is tied for the Grapefruit League home run lead this year with 6. Rodriguez provides great depth and unlimited possibilities for the Rays this year. And that help might be in the nick of time heading into the regular season. Ben Zobrist is likely to play much more in RF early on this season with OF Matt Joyce sidelined with an elbow injury.
Rodriguez has played 2B, SS and all three outfield positions this Spring Training.
TBO also reports that C Dioneer Navaro was seen walking without crutches this morning.
Jeff Neimann take


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NEW YORK (AP) Bret Michaels is set to return to the stage a little more than a month after suffering a brain hemorrhage.
His representative announced Friday that the rocker and reality star would perform at the Hard Rock Live in Biloxi, Mississippi, on May 28.
Michaels has been sidelined since April. On April 12, he had an emergency appendectomy. Ten days later he suffered the hemorrhage that left him in intensive care for two weeks in a Phoenix hospital.
Many of his concert dates were postponed, but they are being rescheduled. Michaels also is set to begin a tour with Lynyrd Skynrd on June 10 in West Palm Beach, Florida.
Michaels who has been in rehabilitation since the hemorrhage is hoping to return to New York to compete on NBC's Celebrity Apprentice. He will appear on The Oprah Winfrey Show on Wednesday.
Copyright 2010 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
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Makes 8 servings
Preheat oven to 475 degrees F with rack in the lower third of the oven. Rinse turkey and dry with paper towels. Sprinkle cavity with salt pepper and rosemary. Truss turkey, then rub the entire skin with butter.
Place turkey in a roasting pan and roast for 45 minutes, breast side up. Reduce temperature to 375 degrees. Combine syrup and 1/4 cup of bourbon, and baste turkey with it frequently. Cook until an instant meat thermometer inserted into the thickest part of the thigh reads 160 degrees, about 1-1/2 to 2 hours. (Start cooking your favorite stuffing about a half hour before the turkey is finished.) Transfer turkey to a heated serving platter.
In a medium saucepan, bring poultry stock to a simmer, cooking until reduced by three-quarters, about 10 minutes.
In a large skillet over high heat, melt butter for the sauce, add pears and sauté for 3 minutes. Add stock and the remaining 1/2 cup of bourbon, cooking until the sauce coats the back of a spoon, about 3 minutes. Whisk in the Maple-Ginger Butter. Remove to a metal bowl, and continue whisking for 1 minute to stabilize before serving. Transfer to a sauce boat. Serve the sauce and turkey immediately.
Nutrition details per serving: Roast Turkey with Maple
Percent of calories from fat—39%
Fat—90 gm
Protein—255 gm
Carbohydrate—56 gm
Cholestorol—876 mg
Sodium—1,508 mg
Diabetic exchange—2 fruit, 3/4 fat.
Jimmy Schmidt's Cooking Class:
Seasonal Recipes from A Chef's Kitchen
By Jimmy Schmidt
$19.95 / Paper
Ten Speed Press
Publication Date: May 20, 1996
Reprinted with permission
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Many genders. Many appearances. Many stories.
When Cupid Was Loved By Darkness
- by Smudged Bandit
- Rating:
- Published: 12 Oct 2014
- Updated: 5 Jan 2015
- Status: In Progress
Once every year, there is a contest. A contest that whoever wins, will get to be the Chosen Angel for Valentine's Day. Two contenders, Cupid and Dee, are the perfect match, until Dee snaps-and changes the course of Valentine's. For ever.
Join MovellasFind out what all the buzz is about. Join now to start sharing your creativity and passion
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A Smoke Free Life: Could E-Cigarettes be the Solution?
By Martin Brown
This November 15th is the Great American Smokeout Day, which occurs every year on the Thursday before Thanksgiving.
There is a popular myth in America today that smoking as a health issue is a thing of the past. Nothing could be further from the truth. A couple of simple facts:
First, the famous Surgeon General's report on the dangers of smoking was released in 1964. At that time, 40 percent of the American population smoked. Forty-seven years later that number has been cut in half to 20 percent. But did you know that 16 years ago, in 1995 the number was reduced to 25 percent. In other words there has been a great slowing in the declining rate of smokers.
Second, smoking is still a leading cause of death in America. An incredible 1,200 people per day die of smoke related illness, principally in the form of heart disease and lung cancer deaths, but cigarettes kill in other ways as well. That's 400,000 people per year.
Can you imagine what the public outcry would be if 1,334 commercial jets, loaded with 300 passengers each, crashed each and every year. Certainly no one would get anywhere near an airplane. But most smokers slip away quietly in the privacy of their home and family lives. Smoking is the number one preventable cause of death in America and based on the fact that one out of five continues to smoke it is likely to remain so for many years to come.
In truth, most of us are hooked on smoking long before we have the maturity to realize how dangerous a habit we are falling into. The majority of smokers start the habit by age 14 and by age 19, 90% of smokers are solidly hooked on nicotine. The one silver lining in all this is that more effective products are coming out all the time to divert smokers away from this deadly habit and onto a safer substitute.
Probably the most effective solution has been the new line of electronic cigarettes, metal look-alikes that provide nicotine delivery without the harmful tars and gases inherent to tobacco-based products. Dr. Michael Siegel, a tobacco researcher and professor at Boston University's School of Public Health explains, "Here we have a product (e-cigarettes) that is much safer than regular cigarettes and, by anecdotal evidence, helping literally thousands of smokers to quit smoking. Another major benefit of e-cigarettes is there's no secondhand smoke. (Smoker exhale harmless steam.) In some ways, this is the product we've been looking for all these years."
Some anti-smoking groups have come out against these new e-cigarettes, but as Siegel explains, "Anti-smoking groups just have trouble saying something good about anything that looks like and acts like a cigarette. And every one of the groups that has come out against e-cigarettes has taken money from or partnered with pharmaceutical companies. If e-cigarettes are successful, they will take over the smoking cessation market from the pharmaceutical companies."
So if you're a smoker and you've been thinking about quitting for weeks, months, or even years, you owe it to yourself to look for alternatives to this deadly habit. Celebrate the Great American Smokeout Day by learning more about e-cigarettes and other new approaches to kicking this deadly habit once and for all. Everyone who loves you will be so happy that you did.
Martin Brown is the Heath Channel Editor for SingleMindedWomen.com, and co-author of The Complete Idiot's Guide to Finding Mr. Right.
His latest book is Fit in 50 Days.
More SMW Dieting Tips
Are You a Nibbler? Curbing Empty Calories
Dieting With the Support of Online Girlfriends


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Civil services, Judiciary, and Legislature are the strong pillars of the biggest democracy of the world, Republic of India. In fact, the Civil Services offer a unique career opportunity combined with constructive challenges and high growth prospects. By getting into the civil services, you will not only be associated with the decision-makers and implementers of policies & programmes but you will also be a crucial contributor as policy maker to the development of the nation as a whole. In fact, it is an opportunity to serve the country.
The Institute is founded by Mrs. N.Sujatha Ramesh, B.Sc. (Agri), MBA, who has more than half decade experience as both civil aspirant and teacher in many IAS Coaching Institute in Chennai. She has been teaching in number of educational Institutes, before starting the Academy. Indian IAS Academy was started with the noble cause of training the civil service aspirants in a focused manner and preparing them for facing the Civil Service Examination and also focusing for State Service Commission Examinations.
The Indian IAS Academy covers optional subjects like Geography, History, Public administration and General Studies. The faculty members are highly qualified in the subject and are f...
Admission - UPSC
Admissions open for UPSC-2016-2017 Batch Preliminary and mains Admission in progress.
Admission - TNPSC
Admissions open For TNPSC Exam,2016-2017 TNPSC Group-I, II. Admission in progress. The entire syllabus will be completed in 6 months.
Admission - BANK
Admissions opened For Bank 2016-2017 Batch and SSC Exams. Admission in progress you attend the Classes till you clear the exam. The details of the schedule for 3 months will be given at the time of admission.
August 20, 2016
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The December 18 issue of The Economist highlights the work being done by the not-for-profit Planetary Skin Institute (PSI), created by Cisco Systems and NASA, on measurement of the extent and health of the world's forests. Key to that effort has been the data-mining work led by Professor Vipin Kumar (MSI Fellow, Computer Science and Engineering). Professor Kumar and his collaborators participated in the United Nations recent climate change conference in Cancun and gave a joint presentation there with the PSI and NASA.
MSI Principal Investigator and Associate Fellow Elizabeth Amin, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, was highlighted in the OVPR's Research News Online. You can read the article on the OVPR website.
The EOLOS consortium led by the University of Minnesota and supported by a US Department of Energy grant has a new website (http://www.eolos.umn.edu/) up. The consortium was established to create collaboration between universities, government organizations, and industry in hopes of learning more about wind powered energy. Members of the consortium have used MSI's Itasca supercomputer to perform simulations of turbine flow and modeling of the atmosphere.
MSI participated in the College of Science and Engineering's Math and Science Family Fun Fair on Saturday, November 13th. More than 200 kids and their parents came to MSI's booth at Coffman Union. The families were able to see first-hand how supercomputers are helping researchers at the University of Minnesota and beyond by getting to experiment with some computing equipment and view some of our 3-D visualizations. Pictures from the event are available.
MSI, and more specifically, our Itasca supercomputer, was recently featured on a television program called "The Global Learning Series." In the video you will see former MSI Director Tom Jones, as well as University of Minnesota chemistry professor and MSI Fellow, Darrin York, talk about the development of computers over time, the importance of supercomputing at a research institution and how modern supercomputers work. The program will be used as interstitial programming on a network of 349 public television stations across the country.
In Summer 2010, MSI made available to its users its newest supercomputer, named Itasca, and Itasca is already making a world of difference to researchers at the university. Charles Campbell, a University of Minnesota physics and astronomy professor uses MSI to study layered quantum magnets. He says of Itasca, "Our research has benefitted tremendously from being able to use Itasca. Some of our calculations are so intensive that they are simply impracticable without it."
Intel has recently released a case study about their Xeon processors and software-development products that spotlights MSI. The study discusses our two newest systems, Itasca and Koronis. Koronis will be available to users later this year.
MSI has recently been awarded an NIH grant to purchase a new SGI Altix UV 1000 supercomputer, which will be called "Koronis." This machine will be used by MSI researchers working on a number of NIH-funded projects in the areas of multi-scale modeling, chemical dynamics, bioinformatics and computational biology, and biomedical imaging. The Principal Investigator on the grant is Professor Darrin York (Chemistry, MSI Fellow).
Professor and MSI Fellow Vipin Kumar (Computer Science and Engineering) will be leading an interdisciplinary team from the University of Minnesota and other universities nationwide in a $10 million NSF project to study climate change. Professor Kumar's group uses MSI resources to develop the high-performance data-mining algorithms used in this research. The supercomputers are necessary because of the huge size of the datasets involved. The UMNews story has further details.
Professor and MSI Fellow Jiali Gao of the Department of Chemistry and the Biomedical Informatics and Computational Biology Program was recently named winner of the global annual IBM Faculty Award. The award recognizes Professor Gao's research in the development of quantum mechanical methods. Some of this research was done using MSI resources. Professor Gao has been an MSI Fellow since 1998.
On July 31, 2010, Professor Tom Jones, Department of Astronomy and MSI Fellow, stepped down after serving as MSI Interim Director for two years.
MSI is very happy to report that Jorge Vinals has accepted the offer to become the next MSI Director. He will also become a professor of physics. Jorge will assume the directorship on August 1, 2010.
During Summer 2010, MSI hosted two courses for grad students and postdocs in association with the Virtual School of Computational Science and Engineering (VSCSE) of the Center for Computational Science (Miami, Florida). The VSCSE brings together faculty from throughout the country to create courses that focus on petascale computing and petascale-enabled science and engineering. MSI hosted Petascale Programming Environments and Tools (July 6-9, 2010) and Big Data for Science (July 26-30, 2010).
On July 1, Brian Ropers-Huilman, MSI Director of Systems Administration and Technical Operations, spoke to a group of seventh-grade students about MSI, high-performance computing, and programming for computers. The students are taking a class in Math and Programming as part of the Minnesota Institute for Talented Youth's "Expand Your Mind" Program. Mr. Ropers-Huilman also took the class and their teacher on a tour of the MSI machine room to show them the supercomputers.
The University of Minnesota's latest solar car took second in the biennial American Solar Challenge race. This year's race went from Tulsa, Oklahoma to Chicago, Illinois on June 19-26, 2010. The vehicle, named Centaurus II, was designed and built by University of Minnesota students. Team members used MSI supercomputers for modeling airflow around the shell of the vehicle. An article about the Solar Vehicle Project's work appeared in the Summer 2009 Research Bulletin.
On June 14th, a group of high school students began their week at Exploring Careers in Engineering and Physical Science (ECEPS) summer sessions with an all-day session at the Supercomputing Institute. The seminar, Molecular Modeling with Super(duper)computers, allowed the students to explore some simple, but robust, models that let chemists make predictions about things like sweetness, drug activity, gas pressures, and fuel values, using the software available at MSI.
Research Exhibition prize winners and pictures are now linked from the MSI 25th Anniversary Research Exhibition page.
Two MSI Principal Investigators have recently won prestigious awards: Regents Professor Ron Phillips (Agronomy and Plant Genetics) has been awarded the ISA 2010 Medal for Science Regents Professor David Tilman (Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior) has been awarded the Heineken Prize for Environmental Sciences More information can be found on the University Relations People page.
Blue Waters, which is expected to be the world's most powerful supercomputer for open scientific research when it goes online in 2011, is already providing researchers with opportunities for state-of-the-art computing research. Professor and MSI Fellow Paul Woodward (Astronomy) is one of the astrophysicists using Blue Waters. See a brief discussion on HPCWire.
Professor and MSI Associate Fellow Carrie Wilmot (Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics) and her research team recently published an article in Science about a molecular image they have created of a system that moves electronics between proteins in cells. The article appears in the March 12 issue. The University News Service story about this research appears on the UMN website.
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Photo Gallery MMM 2016
Official galleries, photo reports from participants and videos from the 19th Million Marihuana March in Prague.
read article
Million Marihuana March 2016 Press Release: We have legalized
On Saturday, May 7th 2016 the 19th traditional annual demonstration and march for legalization takes place in Prague. With this event, Czech republic joins the worldwide protest against persistent criminalization of cannabis and its growers and users. The action starts at 12:30pm at Charles square (Karlovo náměstí), from where the joy- and peaceful march departs and continues through the city centre up to the fields of Letná. There, the event will culminate with the popular and legendary culturally uplifting happening.
read article
MMM 2016 is coming up!
The 19th annual demonstration, march and culturally enlightening event for legalization of cannabis will take place on Saturday, May 7th, 2016, as a part of the worldwide campaign Million Marijuana March.
read article
Acknowledgements to participants of Million Marihuana March 2015
9.5.2015 16:00
Dear legalizers,
big thanks to all of you for your participation at this year's demonstration for the legalizations of cannabis. You were awesome! Although the weather conditions in the evening had been unfavorable, we are pleased that many of you, hardcore supporters, stayed till the very end.
read article


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It's The Apprentice, but not quite as we know it. For one thing, Surallen has gone – that terrified smear of an honorific rendered obsolete by last year's ennoblement. It's Lord Sugar now, which doesn't have the same ring to it at all, though it did provide for one unintentional moment of comedy in last night's opener, when a prospective firee fell over himself trying to make the depths of his humility clear: "No no... definitely not Sir... Lord," he stammered, making Sugar sound like a wrathful Jahweh, putting in an appearance to smite the unprofitable. For another thing, all the contestants in Junior Apprentice are teenagers, which leaves the avid viewer in something of a conscience trap when it comes to gleeful loathing. Half the pleasure of The Apprentice has always been comeuppance – the certifiable ego-pump of the opening few minutes stirring in us a desire for public humiliation. Do we want to see teenagers cry, though? And even if we do (don't judge me till you've seen them in action), won't our self-indulgence leave a slightly sour taste behind it?
They certainly appear to have grasped the basic principles of Apprentice participation, which is to oversell and under deliver. "I pretty much do anything to win... I even cheat on board games to win," said one of them, in the Sociopaths Parade that traditionally opens a new series. "I'm ruthless in business," said another, a dapper Irish toff called Jordan. "If somebody is there that I don't need in my company they're gone. It's as simple as that." Jordan, to put it mildly, doesn't suffer from self-esteem issues, but then I don't suppose the shy boys got very far through the selection process. Arjun, who loves maths, is also confident about his people skills: "From a very early age, I've learned how to mirror people and how to charm them without them learning my ulterior motives," he explained cheerfully, a Star in Psychological Manipulation clearly tucked away there among his top percentile GCSE results. If it was a competition to look insufferably precocious, then Jordan had some stiff competition.
The first challenge was to sell £500 worth of cheese, hitting a London street market to unload as much smoked mozzarella and Stinking Bishop as was possible by the end of the day. The girls, as is traditional, began with the task of deciding who they hated most and working out how to show it. The boys, equally true to type, created a pumped-up sense of matey camaraderie that you knew was doomed to shatter at the first sign of trouble, which came about an hour in, as they flapped around their market stall trying to sort their goudas from their stiltons. Across town in Covent Garden, the girls had deployed their secret weapon – Zoe. Or rather Zoe had deployed herself – her experience of flogging vintage schmutter on Greenwich Market giving her a certain sassy assurance when it came to whipping up sales. "She has a commanding presence," said Nick, giving the adjective a little edge of ambiguity. Zoe's project manager, Hibah, a bit put out by how successful her "employee" was proving, went off to have a little weep round the back.
Thanks largely to Zoe's flirtatious hard sell the boys tanked – a late attempt at pavement selling delivered only mixed returns ("Are you a fan of fresh cheese?" ran one fine pitch line) and their success in persuading a bemused-looking restaurateur to buy £400 of prime cheese for just £250 effectively killed off any hope of a profit. In the end, they lost £210 of the Lord's money, which, as regular viewers will know, he careth not for. Happily, justice was done in the end. Jordan (the one who had boasted about his ruthlessness) got the stubby finger, though in deference to his youth – and the liquid trembling of his eyes – Lord Sugar coated the pill with a lot more kind words than he usually employs. And in another departure from protocol, the firee gets to ride off into the sunset in the Sugar Roller, rather than a black cab, though when its owner learns what Jordan was saying in it, I think he may regret his generosity. "Give it five years, I can be just as successful, if not more successful, than Lord Sugar," he said. There's nothing like learning from your mistakes.
Cracking Antiques – a handy little programme for the austerity years – is a hymn to the pleasures of the flea market and auction room. It's essentially a makeover show in which someone's living room is first done up with high-street furniture and then all over again – for a fraction of the cost – with stuff from the cheap-and-cheerful end of the antiques trade. In between times, an antiques expert called Mark Hill – something of a precious object himself, with his elaborately scrolled eyebrows and Biedermeier cheekbones – informs us about sections of the knick-knack market that are currently seriously underpriced. Last night, he and his co-presenter were rustling up a mid-century modern look, which meant a lot of Ercol furniture, Swedish built-in cabinets and a Seventies sideboard given "a bit of a zhuzh" with paint and a bit of pinstripe fabric. And whereas the high-street version of this look would have set them back £11,507, the pre-owned way of doing it only cost them £2,552. The result looked horrible to me, but I think Lord Sugar would have approved of their tight control of capital expenditure.
- More about:
- Alan Sugar
- Antiques
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Post-Game: Bennett Is Good, Flames Lose Anyway
Ryan Pike
September 25 2014 10:20PM
The Vancouver Canucks visited Calgary to face the Flames on Thursday evening. They had no Sedins. They were out-shot and out-played by the locals for the lion's share of the contest. But the Canucks weathered the storm, the Flames were unable to capitalize on their advantages and scoring chances, and the Canucks skated away with a 3-1 loss.
On the other hand, Sam Bennett appears to be quite the hockey player, and that's probably what people are more interested in.
The Flames carried the play quite a bit during the scoreless first period. They had several instances of sustained offensive pressure, and the Stajan line (with Bollig and Hathaway) were able to retain possession and execute a full line change. That's skill. Unfortunately, their 20-3 shot advantage did not translate into goals. They also held a 27-12 shot attempt edge.
In the second, Devin Setoguchi took a penalty that negated a power-play. The Canucks didn't score on that power-play, but they did score soon after on a sustained possession from that advantage. With the Flames running around in their own zone a bit, Nick Bonino found Chris Higgins at the far post and set up a simple tap-in to make it 1-0. Sam Bennett undressed Canucks defender Kent Huskins but couldn't score. Late in the period, Nicklas Jensen tapped in a chance following a flurry around the Flames net to make it 2-0. But the Flames drew a penalty late and some nice passing led to Sean Monahan tapping in a rebound off a Sam Bennett scoring chance, making it 2-1. The Flames held a 26-12 shot edge after the second, as well as a 50-27 shot attempt advantage. But on the scoreboard? 2-1.
The Flames seemed to tire in the third, with Brad Thiessen in net for Jonas Hiller. The Canucks pressed the play a lot more, and the Flames made some gaffes. One, involving blown coverage by rookie Ryan Culkin, left Hunter Shinkaruk all alone to put a rebound of a Huskins shot behind Thiessen for a 3-1 lead. And with the Flames' inability to bury their chances, 3-1 was insurmountable. Despite some nice opportunities, including Bennett taking the puck up ice on a penalty kill and generating a nice scoring chance, the locals went down by a 3-1 score. Overall shots were 31-23. Shot attempts were 67-42. Both favoured Calgary.
The Flames wildly out-chanced the Canucks early-on, but a combination of bad luck and Eddie Lack being in mid-season form meant that the locals couldn't press the advantage. The Canucks, on the other hand, were opportunistic and really took advantage of their chances.
Sam Bennett led the entire hockey game with 7 shots. He also had a shot that got blocked and a pair of missed shots. And he created tons of chances via fighting through traffic, dangling the puck and all-together being good at the ice hockey.
Michael Ferland, Sven Baertschi and Bill Arnold (10 for 11 at the face-off dot) were also pretty good this evening. Heck, Dennis Wideman may have had his best game as a Flame. Yes, in the pre-season.
Devin Setoguchi, Ryan Culkin and Raphael Diaz were not that good. Diaz was -3 and Culkin was -2 with a penalty and was caught wildly out of position on Hunter Shinkaruk's goal.
The Flames drop to .500 in the pre-season via this loss. But they cannot stew about it for long, as they hop on a plane and head to Vancouver for a return engagement at Rogers Arena tomorrow evening. The puck drops at 8pm MT and the game airs on Sportsnet One (with the Canucks crew) and on radio via Sportsnet 960 The Fan.
Bennett WILL be making the trip to Vancouver, we're told.
September 26 2014, 01:15PM
I listened to the game last night and so my views are tinted by that experience and will defer to those who watched the game. Up front who played well: the kids! Bennett, Monahan, Bouma, Ferland,Hathaay, Arnold and Sven. Who did not play well; the vets. Gouchi, Jones and Bollig. ON the back end who played well: TJB,Gio, Wides and Cundari as adequate. Who as bad? Diaz and Culkin.
Watched the game on TV. Agree with who played well. Disagree on vets, thought Bollig played decent, and Setoguchi had a few moments. Monahan overall good but did have two terrible DZ passes. Diaz with Culkin definitely the weakest D, mostly overmatched...
September 26 2014, 01:25PM
Monahan wasn't much better in the draws last night than Bennett was.
Fact is, faceoffs are almost irrelevant. Evgeni Malkin took about seven years to become merely "below average" at faceoffs. He had at least two 100 point seasons with a faceoff% in the vicinity of 33%.
It was one game. Relax. Faceoff prowess will come with time. In the mean time, Bennett controlled the game from center ice. In spite of his lack of draw wins.
Losing draws was definitely an area of weakness, and something to work on. Having said that, apparently Arnold was almost perfect. Agree with WW here overall.
Oiler fan here, and I'm not here to compare one prospect to another, because I haven't seen Bennett play...and I was kind of rooting for the Oilers to take him. But in defence of the german - he does have good hands, and while he's not fast, he's certainly fast enough, and he's very strong on the puck, with good vision & passing skills. I'm very happy with how he's been playing early - and his summer commitment to fitness seems to be paying off.
In 5 years, I think Bennett will likely have risen to a higher level of play than Draisatl in terms of overall offensive play. That's not to say Draisatl will be bad - I'll project him to be in the 60 - 70 pt range by that time - but I think we all knew Bennett was a potential #1 overall for a reason - he was going to kill it in the NHL at some point.
We in Oiler land happen to be further along in our rebuild than you guys, yet we had a bit of an issue: drafting solely for skill for years without thinking about size had left us with an improper mix. Plus Gagner was frustrated. So we drafted for need...and a 105 pt campaign by a sizeable German, whereby he showed plenty of good 5X5 play, backchecking, and strength on the puck, even though not dirty or rough in the corners, couldn't be overlooked. He doesn't quite have the skill that Bennett does, but we've already got Nuge who impresses more every season.
The battle of Alberta is getting good. It may not be this year, and chances are it's not next either, but we will see you $%^#ers in the playoffs soon enough.
I like you. A reasonable Edmontonian... who knew such a thing existed?
Seriously though, good comment.
September 26 2014, 02:04PM
I like you. A reasonable Edmontonian... who knew such a thing existed?
Seriously though, good comment.
Haha, thanks. That being said, as soon as the regular season starts I'm sure we'll all be going back and forth with ugly vulgarities, then after the season is over we'll look at each other and say "I'm sorry, I didn't mean that, Monahan/Hall isn't a douche. Since neither team is in the playoffs, let's go golfing".
And a week later we'll be going "just because you got 1st overall in 2015 doesn't mean your team is going anywhere, you suck!"
or "Connor McDavid is going to be a bust" - and then we'll cry ourselves to sleep.
September 26 2014, 02:27PM
Regarding Hartley and his "Centre Dilemma".
Original Plan: 1C Backlund, 2C Monahan, 3C Stajan, 4C Bouma
Recap: Backlund hurt and out 3-5 weeks(?).
Action Plan Option #1: 1C Stajan, 2C Monahan, 3C Colborne, 4C Bouma.
New Issue: Granlund and Bennett looking great. What to do?? Bring in Granlund, likely for the season, and Bennett for 9 games while Backs heals
Option #2: move Colborne back to wing, bring in Granlund. 1C Stajan, 2C Monahan, 3C Granlund, 4C Bouma
Option #3: 1C Stajan, 2C Monahan, 3C Bennett, 4C Granlund
Interesting dilemma, interesting options.
September 26 2014, 02:37PM
If Bennett starts the season with the Flames, the 9th game of the season would be played on Thurs Oct 23rd against Carolina.
If Bennett skips a couple games during the first couple weeks (which is quite possible, especially for back-to-back games), he could play at home against the Ovechkin and the Caps on Oct 25th and against Montreal on Tues Oct 28th.
Depending on Backlund's prognosis, Bennett's 9 games would nicely fit with covering Backlund and giving him 4-5 weeks healing time.
Is Backlund really injured, or are they holding him out for a trade????? :-/


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I am looking at relocating to Bulgaria with my partner (we have no kids). However to do this one of us needs to secure work.Can anyone give me or put me in touch with any agencies that deal with non bulgarian speaking brits as I am struggling to find any connections....We would be looking at learning the language once we get out there...I am currently an HR Manager and he works in the Security Industry....Is it hard for Brits to find work out there? Is it worth coming out first then looking for work? HELP please


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In operation since 1850, the farm features a blacksmith shop and Clydesdale horses. Chuck wagon cookouts are available.
We offer select cuts of prime rib, steaks, veal and seafood. Since 1993 Binion's Steakhouses have tantalized tens of thousands of steak-loving casino enthusiasts. Everything is prepared by master chefs, plated with impeccable attention to detail and complemented with an extensive wine list. In Horseshoe Casino.
Daily specials, lunch buffet with good home-cooking and friendly service.
The museum houses an agricultural display that includes antique tractors (1922-1937), engines, a 1919 grain/dump truck, a replica of a 1920s farmstead kitchen, and more.
Atwood Visitor & Information Center
Early trains made an "at-the-woods" stop, and in 1873 the town of Atwood was formed. Main Street today features split-rail fences, benches, grassy areas and country crafts, collectibles and antiques.
Amishland's Country Restaurant
Enjoy Atwood's meat services, award winning meats. Home cooked meals include drink and dessert. Open for breakfast and lunch.
Enjoy the "best steak and prime rib dinners in Central Illinois". Try their ribs, chops and seafood.
This charming Amish wood shop and store features locally made Amish goods. Toys, treats, quilts, crafts and baked goods can also be purchased here.
Beautiful flowers, gifts, candy and cards. While away a few minutes in this treasure trove.
Marsha's Vineyard Bed & Breakfast
Built in spring 2000 by a local Amish contractor, this 1 1/2 salt-box cottage includes two spacious siutes, private baths and kitchen located in the heart of Illinois Amish Country.
Conveniently located on IL 133, this facility is a short distance from an Amish pastry and coffee shop, a cheese shop, woodcraft store, and a family restaurant. The 16 modern rooms are all moderately priced.
The town of Arthur is located in the heart of Amish country, home to more than 2,000 Amish residents and hundreds of charming countryside businesses, Illinois' Amish Country offers shopping, dining, special events and guided educational tours (some of which feature meals in actual Amish homes).
Arthur Amish Country Information Center
This visitor's center offers maps and information on the entire Amish area, including the 150 Amish craft shops that dot the countryside surrounding the village of Arthur.
The Woodloft works directly with the local Amish craftsmen here in the Illinois Amish Country to ensure that we can offer the finest heirloom quality pieces of custom furniture. The Wood Loft prides itself on being the best store in the Illinois Amish area with the ability to create custom furniture made right here by the Arthur Amish. We have a great staff who stand ready to help you create your heirloom today. Visit our showroom in Arthur, Illinois, or browse our on-line catalog for ideas or to select items that fit your needs.
Floral items.
We are the largest custom furniture and cabinet manufacturer in the area. If the item you want is not currently available, we will be happy to custom make it.
Amish/Mennonite homestyle cooking. Lunch/dinner buffet, full menu, homemade pies and rolls. Be sure to visit our new gift shop. Let us serve your next banquet. Enjoy a unique dining experience in our relaxed friendly atmosphere.
Located between Arthur and Arcola in the small group of houses called Chesterville. This is a one bedroom house, with living room, full kitchen and bathroom. The bedroom has a queen size bed and the living room has a queen size sofa bed. It also has air conditioning and a washer & dryer, it is newly remodeled.
Belly up to this old-time soda fountain that serves up ice cream treats. The marble-topped counter was moved here in the 1930s and is surrounded by 600 vintage soda bottles and photos of the town of Arthur's yesteryear.
A shop full of antiques and 30+ dealers, plus a large inventory of antique oil and gas lamps. Repair and parts are available for antique and modern oil and gas lamps. Authorized Aladdin Lamp dealer and repair.
Fine art located in the heart of the Illinois Amish country. The Villa Galleries has dedicated its gallery to local artists who have ties to the central Illinois area either through living situation or artwork subject. Photography, watercolors, colored pencil, oil and acrylic, stained glass, and pottery are just a few of the mediums featured in the gallery.
Many gift ideas, from miniatures to decorative and functional items. Mementos of the Arthur area, in pewter and brass.
Calico Workshop and Oak Furniture
Along with Amish Oak furniture, the Calico Workshop offer a lot of, you guessed it, calicos and fabric. Pre-made quilts, patterns, and quilting supplies.
Amish Country Tours with ACM Tours
ACM Tours is a full service, receptive tour guide company with many special services available at no additional cost. We literally open the door to fabulous Illinois Amish Country! We are ready to assist you with meals, attractions, lodging and step on guide service. We have available trained, professional, local step-on guides who are well versed in the history, customs and folklore of this most unique part of Illinois.


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As we tend to make the rashest decisions especially when we are in rush.It is only obvious that after facing such traumatic event we will only succumb to making a choice that would not be very helpful. So, when you face such problems leave it to the experts.


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The United States Supreme Court recently agreed to hear a case brought by a property owner who challenged permit conditions imposed by the St. Johns River Water Management District for permits to develop a portion of the property.
The property owner, Coy A. Koontz, applied for permits to develop 3.7 acres of a 14.2-acre parcel of land in Orange County, Florida. According to Koontz's petition for certiorari, the District deemed that 3.4 acres of the development site were wetlands. Under state law, permits to dredge and fill the wetlands would require mitigation. The District agreed to issue the permits conditioned on two forms of wetland mitigation:
Koontz did not object to the dedication requirement but refused to pay for the off-site improvements, the cost of which his expert estimated was between $90,000 and $150,000. The District denied the permit application.
The petition states that Koontz brought an inverse-condemnation suit against the District, claiming that the off-site mitigation requirement was an illegal exaction by the District and therefore unconstitutional under the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments of the United States Constitution. Koontz's claim was successful in the trial court, which found that the District did not prove the necessary relationship between the requirement to conduct off-site mitigation and the effect of the proposed development on Koontz's property.
As a result, the trial court concluded, the permit denial was invalid and constituted a regulatory taking. In making its decision, the trial court relied on two U.S. Supreme Court precedents, Nollan v. California Coastal Commission, 483 U.S. 825 (1987) and Dolan v. City of Tigard, 512 U.S. 374 (1994). Respectively, Nollan and Dolan stand for the propositions that, for the government to impose a condition to development approval, there must be 1) a connection between the condition and the projected impact of the proposed development, and 2) rough proportionality between the required condition and the projected impacts.
After the trial court's ruling, the District reevaluated the impact of the proposed development, determined that the impact would be substantially less than it originally thought, and issued the permits. The trial court subsequently awarded Koontz $376,154 in damages for the temporary taking of his property during the 11 years that the District had denied the permit.
The District appealed the damages award to Koontz, arguing that the Nollan/Dolan rule applies only to permit approvals that contain unconstitutional conditions. In this instance, the District had denied the permit, and therefore, the District argued, Nollan/Dolan did not apply because Koontz had not actually complied with an unconstitutional condition.
The District also argued that Nollan/Dolan applied only to conditions requiring a property owner to dedicate real property, not to a condition requiring the owner to spend money to improve the District's land. The Fifth District Court of Appeal rejected the District's arguments and upheld the damages award. In its opinion, however, the court recognized a nationwide split of authority on these issues.
The Florida Supreme Court granted the District's petition for review of the decision and overturned the lower court's conclusion that the District's refusal to issue the permits constituted a temporary regulatory taking. In so deciding, the Florida Supreme Court held that the Nollan/Dolan rule requiring an "essential nexus" and "rough proportionality" only applies where the condition imposed by the government involves a dedication of the property owner's real property (not money) and when the regulatory agency actually issues the permit.
Koontz died during the pendency of the litigation. The petition to the U.S. Supreme Court was brought by Koontz's son, the personal representative of Koontz's estate, who is represented by the Pacific Legal Foundation. The petition asked the Supreme Court to clarify whether the government can be liable for a taking when it refuses to issue a permit because the applicant refuses to accede to a permit condition that would violate the Nollan/Dolan rule, and whether the Nollan/Dolan rule applies to a permit condition that requires the applicant to dedicate money, services, labor or other personal property (in contrast to real property) to a public use.
In its response opposing the petition to the U.S. Supreme Court, the District argues that the only mitigation Koontz proposed for the wetland impacts was the dedication of the 11 acres of his property. The District stated that this proposal would not be adequate under Florida law, which requires no net adverse impact to wetland resources and functions.
The District further stated that Koontz refused to propose any alternative mitigation options that might have been more palatable to him. The District also argued that Koontz brought a state law takings claim below, not an inverse condemnation case under the U.S. Constitution, and, therefore, the U.S. Supreme Court lacks jurisdiction over the case.
Koontz's attorneys, the Pacific Legal Foundation, have a strong interest in defending the scope of the Nollan decision; according to the group's press release, the Pacific Legal Foundation brought the Nollan case to the U.S. Supreme Court.
The outcome of the Koontz case will be closely watched by the Florida development community. Payment for off-site mitigation is routinely required as a condition for local, state, and federal approvals for the development of properties containing wetlands and has become part of the accepted cost of doing business for large property developers.
Ironically, a decision finding such conditions to be an unconstitutional taking could result in greater requirements for impact avoidance and on-site mitigation, giving developers less flexibility to develop their sites to its greatest commercial advantage.
See more »
DISCLAIMER: Because of the generality of this update, the information provided herein may not be applicable in all situations and should not be acted upon without specific legal advice based on particular situations.
© Bilzin Sumberg Baena Price & Axelrod LLP
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Patent application title: BIOACTIVE GLASS COMPOSITION
Robert Hill (London, GB)
Delia Brauer (Jena, GB)
David G. Gilam (Whitechapel, GB)
Natalia Karpukhina (London, GB)
Andrew Bushby (London, GB)
Mohammad Mneimne (London, GB)
IPC8 Class: AA61K3342FI
USPC Class:
Class name: Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions preparations characterized by special physical form cosmetic, antiperspirant, dentifrice
Publication date: 2013-07-04
Patent application number: 20130171220
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A bioactive glass composition comprising one or more glasses comprising
Si02, P205 and a fluoride, the Si02 content being less than 40 mole %,
the P205 content being at least 4 mole %, and the fluoride content being
greater than 1 mole %. The bioactive glass or glass-ceramic can be used
in a number of medical applications, including dental applications such
as toothpaste.
1. A bioactive glass composition comprising one or more glasses
comprising SiO2, P2O5 and a fluoride, the SiO2
content being less than 40 mole %, the P2O5 content being at
least 4 mole %, and the fluoride content being greater than 1 mole %.
2. The bioactive glass composition of claim 1, wherein the SiO2 content is less than 39 mole %, more preferably less than 38 mole %, most preferably less than 35 mole %.
3. The bioactive glass composition of claim 1, wherein the SiO2 content is more than 25 mole %.
4. The bioactive glass composition of claim 1, wherein the P2O5 content is greater than 4.5 mole %, more preferably greater than 5 mole %.
5. The bioactive glass composition of claim 1, wherein the P2O5 content is less than 10 mole %, more preferably less than 7 mole %.
6. The bioactive glass composition of claim 1, wherein the fluoride content is greater than 3 mole %, more preferably greater than 4 mole %, most preferably greater than 5 mole %.
7. The bioactive glass composition of claim 1, wherein the fluoride content is less than 25 mole %, more preferably less than 18 mole %.
8. The bioactive glass composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises up to 57 mole %, more preferably up to 50 mole %, of CaO and SrO combined.
9. The bioactive glass composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises up to 40 mole % K2O.
10. The bioactive glass composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises up to 5 mole % ZnO and ZnF2 combined.
11. The bioactive glass composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises up to 12 mole % of MgO and MgF2 combined.
12. The bioactive glass composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises an apatite.
13. The bioactive glass composition of claim 12, wherein the composition comprises at least 0.1 weight percent of an apatite.
14. The bioactive glass composition of claim 12, wherein the apatite is fluorapatite.
15. The bioactive glass composition of claim 12, wherein the apatite is crystallised from the glass, and the size of the crystals is in the range 30 nm to 5.mu., preferably 30 nm to 3.mu..
16. The bioactive glass composition of claim 1, wherein the glass(es) have been pre-treated so that they have crystallised fluorapatite on their surface.
17. The bioactive glass composition of claim 16, wherein the surface fluorapatite has a crystal size less than 5 μm, preferably less than 1.mu..
18. The bioactive glass composition of claim 1, for use in dental applications or as a bone substitute.
19. A bioactive glass composition substantially as described herein with reference to the examples.
20. A toothpaste comprising a bioactive glass composition according to claim 1.
[0001] The present invention relates to a bioactive glass composition.
[0002] A biologically active (or bioactive) material is one which, when implanted into living tissue, induces formation of an interfacial bond between the material and the surrounding tissue. Bioactive glasses are a group of surface-reactive glasses, which exhibit bioactivity. The bioactivity of these glasses is the result of complex reactions which take place on the surface of the glass under physiological conditions, and which result in the formation of hydroxycarbonated apatite (HCA) on the surface of the glass. The term "bioactive glass" as used herein is intended to encompass bioactive glass-ceramics as well as bioactive glasses. Bioactive glass-ceramics are similar to bioactive glasses but contain a crystalline phase in addition to the glass phase.
[0003] Because of the ability of bioactive glasses to bond with living tissue, and in particular bone, they are used in a number of medical applications, including dental applications such as toothpaste.
[0004] For many applications, and in particular for toothpastes, it is preferable that the glass phase should release fluoride and form fluorapatite (FAP), instead of HCA. This is because FAP is more resistant to acid dissolution in oral fluids than HCA and aids in the prevention of dental caries. Moreover, fluoride ions are known to aid apatite formation and stimulate the cell division of osteoblasts, the bone forming cells. For these reasons, fluoride may be incorporated into bioactive glasses.
[0005] While it is desirable to incorporate a fluoride in a bioactive glass, it has been found that, if the fluoride content of a glass is too high, it will result in the formation of fluorite (CaF2) at the expense of fluorapatite when the glass is immersed in a body fluid.
[0006] Another problem that has been found with existing bioactive glasses is that they are very abrasive towards enamel and can result in excessive and undesirable wear of enamel. This is because the known glasses are harder than enamel. The common bioactive glass (45S5) used currently has a measured hardness of 4.58 GPa compared to enamel at approximately 3.5 GPa.
[0007] It is an object of the invention to seek to mitigate these problems which have been found with existing bioactive glasses.
[0008] The invention provides a bioactive glass composition comprising one or more glasses/glass-ceramics comprising SiO2, P2O5 and a fluoride, the SiO2 content being less than 40 mole %, the P2O5 content being at least 4 mole %, and the fluoride content being greater than 1 mole %.
[0009] The applicant has found that the tendency of FAP formation to be suppressed at higher concentrations of fluoride is reduced in glasses with a relatively low SiO2 content and a relatively high phosphate content.
[0010] In addition, the applicants have found that glasses with a relatively low SiO2 content and a relatively high phosphate and fluoride content have lower hardness values and so are softer and less abrasive towards enamel.
[0011] Moreover, the applicants have found that such glasses form apatite not only in simulated body fluid (SBF), but also readily in Tris buffer at pH 7.25.
[0012] The bioactivity of bioactive glasses is usually studied using an ISO Standard, ISO 23317. Under this standard, the glass is immersed in SBF, a saturated calcium and phosphate solution that mimics the ionic concentrations found in body fluids/blood plasma. If the glass results in the formation of HCA within the time period designated under the standard, then it is termed bioactive. For the purposes of the present patent we extend this definition to include the formation of fluorapatite.
[0013] Although bioactivity is usually studied using ISO Standard, ISO 23317, this standard is not particularly suitable for studying bioactivity within the mouth. The reason for this is that saliva is somewhat diluted after taking in liquids and is often no longer saturated with regard to Ca2+ and PO43-. For this reason, bioactivity may also be investigated using Tris buffer, a simple buffer solution at pH=7.25 which contains no Ca2+ and PO43-. This represents a far more severe test of bioactivity.
[0014] Accordingly, the fact that compositions according to the invention have been shown to rapidly form FAP following immersion in Tris buffer has particular relevance for dental applications such as toothpastes.
[0015] Not only do the compositions according to the invention form apatite in Tris buffer, they also form more apatite than existing bioactive glasses and they form apatite faster than existing bioactive glasses. Thus, in tests, glasses with a low SiO2 content and a high phosphate content have shown very rapid formation of FAP in under six hours, following immersion in Tris buffer at pH=7.25.
[0016] The SiO2 content of the glass composition is preferably less than 39 mole %, more preferably less than 38 mole % most preferably less than 35 mole %. The SiO2 content is preferably more than 25 mole %.
[0017] The P2O5 content is preferably greater than 4.5 mole %, more preferably greater than 5 mole %. The P2O5 content is preferably less than 10 mole %, more preferably less than 7 mole %.
[0018] The applicant has found that incorporating fluoride in the glass composition aids FAP formation, provided that an excessive amount of fluoride is not used. The applicant has also found that higher fluoride contents reduce hardness, which correlates with the glass transition temperature, Tg. The glass composition should therefore preferably have the highest possible fluoride content which is consistent with forming FAP and no fluorite.
[0019] Accordingly, the fluoride content is preferably greater than 3 mole %, more preferably greater than 4 mole %, most preferably greater than 5 mole %. The fluoride content is preferably less than 25 mole %, more preferably less than 18 mole %.
[0020] Strontium may be used to replace calcium and is known to enhance bioactivity. Strontium has a well documented anti caries function and mixed calcium/strontium apatites have a lower solubility product than either the equivalent calcium or strontium apatites. Accordingly, the composition preferably comprises up to 57 mole % of CaO and SrO combined, more preferably up to 50 mole % of CaO and SrO combined.
[0021] In high-phosphate containing glasses, the lower charge to size ratio of the Sr2+ cation may result in the crystallisation of the glass, which is often undesirable as it reduces the solubility of the glass. Moreover sources of strontium are also much more expensive than sources of calcium which is important when the glasses are to be used in consumer health care products such as toothpaste. Accordingly, the composition preferably comprises less than 30 mole % SrO.
[0022] Potassium salts are often added to toothpaste formulations in order to treat dentine hypersensitivity and potassium may be used to replace sodium in the glass for this purpose. Accordingly, the composition may comprise up to 40 mole % K2O.
[0023] It is important to note, however, that high K/Na ratios are potentially undesirable with regard to their effect on cells. For glasses used in medical applications such as bone substitutes and periodontal treatment a K/Na ratio close to that found in blood plasma of 0.04 is preferred.
[0024] Zinc may also be incorporated into the glass. Zinc inhibits apatite formation and is thought to block sites on the apatite crystal lattice and hinder apatite crystal growth. However zinc is often incorporated into toothpastes for its antibacterial and antigingivitis effects. Low zinc plasma levels which occur in many over sixty year olds are also often associated with poor wound healing rates and osteoporosis. Low zinc contents are attractive in glasses for both dental and medical applications for these reasons. Accordingly, the composition may comprise up to 5 mole % ZnO and ZnF2 combined.
[0025] The composition may comprise up to 12 mole % of MgO and MgF2 combined. Like zinc, magnesium acts to suppress apatite crystal growth.
[0026] One of the problems with bioactive glasses is that, whilst they dissolve rapidly and form amorphous phases rapidly, the crystallisation process to form an apatite is generally slow. Whilst fluoride speeds this process up, the applicant has found that adding an apatite further accelerates the process.
[0027] Accordingly, the composition may comprise an apatite. Preferably, the composition comprises at least 0.1 wt % of an apatite. The apatite may be hydroxycarbonated apatite or it may be hydroxyl apatite, but it is preferably fluorapatite. Preferably, the apatite is crystallised, and the size of the crystals is in the range 30 nm to 5 microns, preferably 30 nm to 3 microns.
[0028] The apatite crystals are thought to act as seed nuclei for the formation of apatite and apatite nucleation is thought to be the slow step in the crystallisation of apatite from solution, whilst crystal growth is thought to be rapid. Thus adding an apatite reduces the time to form new apatite from solution.
[0029] Small crystals are preferred for this process with a large surface area and a large number density. However small crystals are also desirable as they can enter the dentinal tubules (which are typically 3-5 microns in diameter) and allow more apatite to form on them sealing and blocking the dentinal tubules. This process is shown schematically in FIG. 1. A further advantage of using an apatite to seed the nucleation process is that larger bioactive glass particles may be used without the need to have a significant fraction of small (<5 microns) bioactive glass particles in the particle size distribution. Such small particles are prone to dissolution and surface reaction with trace amounts of water in the suspending media such as glycerol used for forming the toothpaste.
[0030] As an alternative to adding seed apatite crystals to the composition, the glass(es) of the invention may be pre-treated so that they have crystallised to fluorapatite on their surface. This fluorapatite may be a calcium fluorapatite or a mixed fluorapatite comprising strontium.
[0031] The surface fluorapatite may have a crystal size less than 5 microns, preferably less than 1 micron.
[0032] The pre-treatment may take the form of treatment with SBF or Tris buffer. Alternatively, in the case of fluorine-containing glasses with high phosphate content and low alkali metal content, the glasses may be heat treated at a temperature of between 400 and 850° C. to selectively crystallise fluorapatite on their surface.
[0033] The bioactive glass compositions of the invention may be used for various dental applications including promoting remineralisation of teeth, preventing caries, blocking dentinal tubules, treating dentine hypersensitivity and treating periodontal disease. They may also be used for various medical applications including use as a bone substitute.
[0034] A number of specific embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings of which:
[0035] FIG. 1 shows schematically the blocking of dentinal tubules using a seed apatite crystal to nucleate further crystallisation of apatite from solution;
[0036] FIG. 2 shows XRD diffraction patterns of QMMM1 glass after immersion in Tris buffer in order bottom to top 3, 6, 9, 24, 72 and 168 Hrs. Ap=Fluorapatite;
[0037] FIG. 3 shows XRD diffraction patterns of QMMM2 glass after immersion in Tris buffer in sequential order bottom to top 3, 6, 9, 24, 72 and 168 Hrs. Ap=Fluorapatite;
[0038] FIG. 4 shows XRD of Glasses 3 to 8 after 9 Hrs in Tris buffer in order of increasing fluorine content. Ap=Fluorapatite, F=Fluorite;
[0039] FIG. 5 shows XRD patterns of Glasses 11 to 16 after 168 Hrs in Tris buffer. Note the absence of sharp diffraction lines corresponding to apatite in the fluorine free glass QMEL4 and the presence of fluorite in the high fluorine content glasses;
[0040] FIG. 6 shows open dentinal tubules in human dentine after exposure to 10% citric;
[0041] FIG. 7 shows a typical example of blocked dentinal tubules by fluorapatite crystals following etching with citric acid and after exposure to glass QMEL7 for 168 Hrs in Tris buffer;
[0042] FIG. 8 shows 19F MAS-NMR spectra of high phosphate fluorine containing glasses after immersion in Tris buffer after 3 days;
[0043] FIG. 9a shows 31P MAS-NMR spectra for QMMM1 as a function of immersion time in Tris buffer;
[0044] FIG. 9b shows the quantitative determination of proportion of residual orthophosphate species in the glass and formation of FAp obtained by deconvolution of 31P MAS-NMR spectra from FIG. 9a;
[0045] FIG. 10 shows a differential scanning calorimetry trace of Glass QMIF3 showing the glass transition temperature and crystallization exotherms; and
[0046] FIG. 11 shows the QMMM7 glass-ceramic.
[0047] The glass compositions shown in Table 1a were synthesised by a melt quench route.
[0048] For each composition, appropriate amounts of the oxides and fluorides listed in Table 1a were weighed out to give approximately 200 g of batch. In the case of the oxides of calcium, strontium, sodium and potassium, the respective carbonates were used instead of the oxides. The batch was thoroughly mixed then placed in a 300 ml platinum/rhodium crucible. The temperature was raised to between 150 and 1550° C. and held at that temperature for 1.5 Hrs. The resulting melt was then shock quenched into water to produce a granular glass which was washed with ethanol and dried immediately at 125° C. for 1 hour. The glass was then ground in a vibratory puck mill and sieved to give a particle size less than 45 microns prior to characterisation.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1a Illustrative examples of glass compositions in mole percent Glass Code SiO2 P2O5 Na2O CaO SrO NaF CaF2 SrF2 K2O ZnO 1 45S5 46.1 2.6 24.3 26.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2 ICIE1 49.6 1.1 26.4 23.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3 QMMM1 34.8 5.8 22.7 28.0 0.0 8.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4 QMSMD 35.5 5.9 27.6 24.1 0.0 0.0 6.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 QMMM2 31.7 5.3 16.1 30.0 0.0 17.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6 QMMM3 29.0 4.8 10.5 31.7 0.0 24.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7 QMMM4 26.6 4.4 5.6 33.2 0.0 30.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8 QMMM5 28.4 4.7 22.1 19.3 0.0 0.0 25.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 9 QMMM6 25.7 4.3 19.9 17.4 0.0 0.0 32.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 QMMM7 34.6 5.7 0.0 50.4 0.0 0.0 9.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 11 QMEL4 44.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 16.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.3 1.0 12 QMEL5Na 42.5 4.8 5.1 16.8 18.0 8.9 0.0 0.0 8.0 1.0 13 QMEL6 40.2 4.6 9.1 13.7 15.2 0.0 4.7 4.0 7.6 0.9 14 QMEL7 38.4 4.4 8.7 13.1 14.5 0.0 6.9 5.9 7.2 0.9 15 QMEL8 36.7 4.2 8.3 12.5 13.9 0.0 9.0 7.7 6.9 0.8 16 QMEL9 33.4 3.8 7.6 11.4 12.6 0.0 13.0 11.1 6.3 0.8 17 QMEL10 30.3 3.4 6.9 10.3 11.5 0.0 16.7 14.4 5.7 0.7 18 QMIF2 35.9 5.9 4.9 48.9 0.0 5.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 19 QMIF3 35.9 5.9 7.3 46.4 0.0 5.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 QMIF4 35.9 5.9 9.7 43.9 0.0 5.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 21 CaNaR1 34.5 6.3 14.5 38.9 0.0 5.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 22 CaNaR2 34.5 6.3 19.3 34.1 0.0 5.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 23 CaNaR3 34.5 6.3 24.2 29.2 0.0 5.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 24 CaNaR4 34.5 6.3 29.0 24.4 0.0 5.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25 PhoIn4 35.6 5.8 25.2 27.6 0.0 5.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 26 PhoIn5 31.7 7.7 26.1 28.7 0.0 5.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Note Glasses 1-2 and 11 are included for comparison purposes only and are not according to the invention.
[0049] Table 1a includes a number of glasses not covered by the present invention for comparison purposes, including the well known 45S5 glass composition (Glass 1) and the extensively studied and characterised ICIE1 glass composition (Glass 2). These compositions are typical of those used commercially. Also included for comparison is Glass 11, which includes no fluoride, and Glasses 12, 13, 16 and 17 which include various fluoride contents.
[0050] In the existing patents and the majority of the published scientific literature, bioactive glasses are generally expressed in weight percent. However since SiO2, CaO and Na2O have similar molecular weights (60, 56 and 62 respectively), an amount given in weight percent does not significantly alter when converted to mole percent.
[0051] Glasses 3 and 5-8 have SiO2 contents below 35 mole % and would be regarded as highly invert glasses. An invert glass is a glass where there is less than 50 mole percent of the SiO2 the network forming oxide. Highly invert glasses are highly disrupted and are prone to crystallisation and are generally difficult to form. However they are very surface reactive and dissolve readily which is a very desirable feature for a bioactive glass. Glasses 6 to 8 have SiO2 contents below 30 mole %. It is generally considered impossible to produce highly invert glasses (ie with <40 mole % SiO2) without resorting to very specialised rapid quenching methods. It was therefore surprising to be able to synthesise glasses with silica contents well below 40 mole % with conventional quenching.
[0052] Glass composition 9 (QMMM6) has an exceptionally high fluoride content, and exploded on contact with water during fritting, that is, on pouring the molten liquid glass rapidly into water to produce a granular glass. It is thought that this glass reacted vigorously with water.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 1b Compositions of sodium free glasses As Tm Quenched SiO2 CaO P2O5 CaF2 Ca:P F:P (° C.) Glass QMXJC14 38.1 55.5 6.3 0 4.4 0.0 1550 Amorphous QMXJC01 37.0 53.9 6.1 3.0 4.6 0.5 1550 Amorphous QMXJC02 36.4 53.0 6.0 4.5 4.8 0.8 1500 Amorphous QMXJC03 35.9 52.2 6.0 6.0 4.9 1.0 1500 Amorphous QMMM7 34.6 50.4 5.7 9.3 5.2 1.6 1450 FAp QMXJC04 32.9 48.0 5.5 13.6 5.6 2.5 1450 FAp + C QMXJC05 31.4 45.7 5.2 17.8 6.1 3.4 1450 FAp + C + CaF2 QMXJC06 28.4 41.4 4.7 25.5 7.1 5.4 1450 FAp + C + CaF2
[0053] High fluorite content glasses from Table 1b crystallised to fluorine containing crystal phases such as FAP cuspidine (Ca4Si2O9F2) and fluorite upon quenching. The amorphous glasses in Table 1 all formed large amounts of apatite within 24 hours in both Tris buffer and SBF. The high melt temperatures of the low fluoride content glasses is undesirable for economic reasons
[0054] Each of the glasses of Table 1a was immersed in a Tris Buffer solution at a concentration of 75 mg in 50 ml. The Tris Buffer was prepared as follows:
[0055] 7.545 g of Tris (hydroxymethyl) amino methane (THAM) was transferred into a graduated flask filled with approximately 400 ml of deionised water. Once the THAM had dissolved, 22.1 ml of 2N HCl was added to the flask, which was then made up to 1000 ml with deionised water and adjusted to pH 7.25 at 37° C.
[0056] All of the Glasses in accordance with the invention formed apatite when immersed in the Tris buffer. Comparative Glasses 1-2 and 11 did not form significant quantities of apatite when immersed in the Tris buffer. As discussed above, immersion in Tris buffer represents a far more severe test of bioactivity than the standard test for bioactivity which determines whether the glass forms an apatite in SBF.
[0057] FIGS. 2 to 11 illustrate the invention.
[0058] 75 mg of glasses 11 to 16 with a particle size <45 microns were added to 50 ml of Tris buffer at pH 7.25 along with a 1 mm slice cut through the mid coronal section of a human tooth section treated with 10% citric acid to expose the dentinal tubules.
[0059] After periods of 3, 6, 9, 24, 72 and 168 Hrs the tooth section was recovered and the solution filtered. The resulting solid was dried at 37° C. and examined by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and solid state Magic Angle Spinning--Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS-NMR) spectroscopy looking at 19F and 31P. The pH of the solution was measured and the free fluoride ion concentration was also measured.
[0060] X-ray powder diffraction and FTIR spectroscopy showed the presence of a crystalline apatite formed in solution from 6 Hrs with a split phosphate band at approximately 560 cm-1 and 600 cm-1. The amount of apatite formed increased in time up to 24 Hrs. 19F and 31P MAS-NMR showed the apatite to be a fluorapatite with a characteristic peak with a chemical shift at -103 ppm in the 19F MAS-NMR spectra and a peak at 2.9 ppm in the 31PMAS-NMR spectra corresponding to fluorapatite.
[0061] Examination of the dentine slices by scanning electron microscopy showed the dentinal tubules to be open prior to treatment with the bioactive glasses (FIG. 6) and to be occluded after treatment with a calcium phosphate ratio close to that of apatite at 1.6 (FIG. 7).
[0062] The same procedure was repeated for Glass 1 which is the well known 45S5 glass. XRD and FTIR showed that no significant apatite had been formed under these conditions and there was no occlusion of the dentinal tubules under these conditions.
[0063] FIGS. 2-5 show the formation of apatite after immersion of the glasses in Tris buffer for various times.
[0064] FIG. 4 shows the formation of apatite and fluorite in Glasses 3 to 8 after 9 hours immersion in Tris buffer. The formation of fluorite at the expense of fluorapatite is seen at higher fluoride contents in the glass.
[0065] FIG. 5 shows the XRD diffraction patterns obtained for multicomponent Glasses 11-16 containing Sr, Zn and K after immersion in Tris buffer for 168 hours. The fluoride free glass, Glass 11, forms no apatite whilst the glasses containing fluoride form apatite until the glass contains 18 mol % MF2 where M is Ca and Sr, after which both fluorapatite and fluorite form. Above 18 mol % MF2, the glass forms predominantly fluorite and relatively little fluorapatite. It can be seen clearly that incorporating fluoride in the glass composition aids fluorapatite formation providing excessive amounts of fluoride are not used. There therefore exists an optimum fluoride content for FAp formation.
[0066] FIG. 8 shows 19F MAS-NMR spectra for glasses after immersion in Tris buffer showing the characteristic peak for Fap at -103 ppm. FIG. 9a shows 31P MAS-NMR spectra for Glass 4 (QMMM1) following immersion in Tris buffer at pH=7.25 for time periods from 0 to 168 Hrs. The phosphorus is present in the initial glass as a mixed Ca/Na orthophosphate species with a chemical shift of approximately 9 ppm. Following the immersion the original peak disappears and is progressively replaced by a new peak at about 3 ppm corresponding to a calcium orthophosphate of which FAP is an example. Deconvolution of the spectra enables quantification of the proportions of glass and FAP as a function of time which are shown in FIG. 9b. It can be seen that this glass forms FAP very rapidly and FAP forms in under 6 Hrs.
[0067] FIG. 10 shows the DSC trace for glass 18 QMIF3 Table 1a This glass has a low sodium content and a Tg of about 670° C. The first crystallisation exotherm, Tc1 corresponds to the crystallisation of FAP. Heat treating this glass to 800° C. results in the formation of FAP, which acts as seed crystals for further FAP formation and accelerates the formation of further FAP when immersed in Simulated Body Fluid or Tris buffer. This FAP glass-ceramic may be used either as an additive for toothpastes or as a bone substitute. This glass with its sodium content reduces the melt temperature to below 1500° C. which facilitates economical melting compared to glasses containing no alkali metal, as well as casting to form complex shapes required for custom made bone protheses. The higher calcium content compared to glasses of the QMMM1 to QMMM5 series facilitates the formation of FAP in Tris buffer and SBF.
[0068] FAP was synthesised by mixing tricalcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2) and CaF2 in powder form with a particle size <50 microns in the stoichiometric ratio for FAP. This mixture was then solid state reacted for 16 Hrs at 1050° C. in an alumina crucible. The resulting solid was ground and sieved to give a powder <5 microns. An XRD pattern of the powder showed it to be FAP
[0069] The FAP was then added at a concentration of 2.5% to bioactive glass 4 QMSMD Following immersion of the glass/FAP mixture in Tris buffer it was found to accelerate apatite formation and resulting in larger FAP crystals as evidenced by reduced line broadening by XRD.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 2 Glass transition temperatures and calculated hardness values for example glasses. Tg Hardness Glass Code (° C.) GPa) NC 1 45S5 530 4.98 2.11 2 ICIE1 513 4.84 2.09 3 QMMM1 484 4.60 2.08 4 QMSMD 450 4.32 2.08 5 QMMM2 440 4.23 2.08 6 QMMM3 416 4.03 2.08 7 QMMM4 408 3.97 2.08 8 QMMM5 383 3.76 2.08 9 QMMM6 -- -- 2.08 10 QMMM7 663 6.08 2.08 11 QMEL4 500 4.73 2.44 12 QMEL5 480 4.57 2.43 13 QMEL6 469 4.47 2.44 14 QMEL7 454 4.35 2.44 15 QMEL8 441 4.24 2.44 16 QMEL9 425 4.11 2.44 17 QMEL10 400 3.90 2.44 18 QMIF2 700 6.39 2.08 19 QMIF3 674 6.18 2.08 20 QMIF4 630 5.81 2.08 21 CaNaR1 575 5.35 2 22 CaNaR2 523 4.92 2 23 CaNaR3 487 4.62 2 24 CaNaR4 462 4.42 2 25 PhoIn1 485 4.61 2 26 PhoIn4 487 4.62 2 27 PhoIn5 483 4.59 2 Enamel 3.5
[0070] Hardness calculated using an experimentally determined model where Hardness=0.0083*Tg+0.5812. Experimentally the hardness of the 45S5 glass was determined to be 4.68 GPa. close to the calculated value at 4.98 GPa. Note the hardness decreases with increasing fluorine content in the glass for glasses ICSW9 to QMMM5 and from QMEL4 to QMEL10.
[0071] Reduced hardness of the glass is an important factor with regard to abrasive wear of toothpastes and the bioactive glass should be no harder than that of enamel in order to avoid enamel wear during tooth brushing.
[0072] FIG. 11 shows the QMMM7 glass-ceramic. The initial glass was found to contain FAp on slow quenching (Bottom Pattern) and is in fact a FAp glass-ceramic. On immersion of this glass in Tris buffer the amorphous glass phase dissolves forming more FAp. The FAp is thought to form on the existing FAp crystallites. The diffraction lines are much sharper indicating the FAp crystals are >50 nm in contrast to totally amorphous glasses in the absence of FAp Crystallites that give rise to broad diffraction lines corresponding to Nano sized FAp crystals (ie <50 nm). Similar results were obtained in SBF. Rapid quenching resulted in this glass being amorphous but crystallization of FAp could be achieved by heat treating at 783° C.
[0073] The above embodiments have been described to illustrate the invention, and are not intended to be limiting. The skilled person will be readily able to devise alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the claims.
Patent applications in class Cosmetic, antiperspirant, dentifrice
Patent applications in all subclasses Cosmetic, antiperspirant, dentifrice
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Rebels killed 23 Syrian soldiers yesterday in battles around the town of Rastan, according to a rights group. The battles followed heavy army shelling of the town, in which opposition sources said at least nine people were killed.
The British-based Observatory for Human Rights said fighting began at dawn and rebels destroyed three armoured personnel carriers and seized two others, capturing around 15 soldiers.
Heavy fighting was also reported in Lebanon, as the conflict spilled across from Syria. At least four people were reported to have been killed in Lebanon's second city, Tripoli. reuters
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Idaho Hunt Planner We got game.
Hunt Area
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Results 11 to 15 of 22
Thread: Literary Baby Names
February 18th, 2013 08:56 PM #11Senior Member
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I'm an avid reader and an old fashioned-name lover so already have made the literary connections to the names I love without needing to research IYKWIM. However, I recently started liking the name Evan and wondered if it had literary links so did a bit of research on that.
I don't think I have fallen in or out of love with a name because of a character in a book but I door it when characters with one of my fave names are appealing - it feels like it adds weight to my good taste
February 18th, 2013 08:56 PM #13Senior Member
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February 25th, 2013 03:35 AM #15
I don't specifically go into a book, hoping to come out with name options. The only time I try and remember a name I've read is if it really strikes me,or catches me off guard.
It's not often I fall in love with a name that I've found in a book, but I did in Les Miserables! I can't even describe how much I love the names of almost all the characters.
Valjean, Marius, Cosette and Eponine were my favourites.
I desperately wanted to feel the same about Fantine as I did the others, simply because I adored her character. The sound of it just does not appeal to me at all, unfortunately :P
But I like that you mentioned song lyrics/albums as well! Music is huge for me.
It's the same as books, I guess, if I hear a name, or something that could be used as one, I don't really keep it in mind unless it really sticks out to me.
Valdosta (EP from Mayday Parade), Ocala (from Mayday Parade's Miserable At Best) and Arizona (from The Maine's Waiting For My Sun To Shine) are the ones I've really been into, Arizona being my favourite.
February 25th, 2013 04:41 PM #17Zelia • 20s • Exporting names from Greenland & Inuit mythologyHenry Ásgeirr Lórien • Alexander Adelin Pemba "Sasha" • Aksel Atticus Ivik • Oscar Edmund Igaluk
Nor Valdemar Oisín • Asa Bjørnstjerne Dante • Marcel Endymion Theo • Vincent Akiva Lysander
Cosima Ingrid Zenobia "Mimi" • Asta Ivalo Galadriel • Aviaaja Catherine Françoise "Avi" • Evelyn Brontë Cleopatra "Evie"
Olga Alvaret Lúthien • Noor Dagmar Evangeline • Edith Faraday Thérèse "Edie" • Eleonora Gry Patricia "Ellen"
February 25th, 2013 04:51 PM #19
Vienna by Billy Joel, Adelaide by Anberlin, Lavenders Blue - Various Versions, Meet Virginia - Train, well the lists go on! So many great names are involved in songs!
Rough n Tumble
Lachlan Alexander
Evander 'Anders' Alcott - Thatcher William - Peregrine North - Dresden Alasdair
Pretty in Pink
Lavender Irie/Alina/Ellen
Natalie Winter - Adelaide Pearl - Hermione Jane - Corisande Fable - Virginia Joy- Odessa Faye


text: Look, I'm pretty darn sure you like me and I'm pretty darn sure you know I like you. I'm fairly certain from the way people who've seen us together react they know we like each other. This is getting to the point where it's just silly. Go ahead and ask me out already. I'll say yes.


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