text:
Chapter 14. Biological Rhythms, Sleep, and Dreaming
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By Lisa L. Lewis On Tuesday, U.S. News and World Report released its annual public high-school rankings, with the School for the Talented and Gifted in Dallas earning the top spot for the fifth year in a row. The rankings are based on a wealth of data, including graduation rates and student performance on state proficiency tests and advanced exams, as well as other relevant factors—like the percentage of economically disadvantaged students the schools serve. But there's one key metric that isn't tracked despite having a proven impact on academic performance: school start times. First-period classes at the School for the Talented and Gifted start at 9:15 a.m. That's unusually late compared to other schools but is in keeping with the best practices now recommended by public health experts. Teens require more sleep than adults and are hardwired to want to sleep in. Eight hours a night may be the goal for adults, but teens need between 8.5–9.5 hours, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics. Unfortunately, few teens meet that minimum: Studies show that two out of three high school students get less than eight hours of sleep, with high school seniors averaging less than seven hours. Sure, kids could go to bed earlier. But their bodies are set against them: Puberty makes it hard for them to fall asleep before 11 p.m. When combined with too-early start times, the result is sleep deprivation.
Keyword: Biological Rhythms; Sleep
Link ID: 22133 - Posted: 04.23.2016
By Kj Dell'Antonia If you tell your child's pediatrician that your child is having trouble sleeping, she might respond by asking you how well you sleep yourself. A team of Finnish researchers found that parents with poor sleep quality tended to report more sleep-related difficulties in their children than parents who slept well. But when the researchers looked at an objective monitor of the children's sleep, using a bracelet similar to a commercial fitness tracker that monitored movement acceleration, a measure of sleep quality, they found that the parents were often reporting sleep problems in their children that didn't seem to be there. "The only thing that was associated with sleeping problems, as reported by the parents, was their own reported sleeping problems," said Marko Elovainio, a professor of psychology at the University of Helsinki and one of the authors of the study, which was published this month in the journal Pediatrics. The study was relatively small, involving 100 families with children aged 2 to 6. But the findings suggest that parents' report of sleep problems in their children are influenced by their own attitudes and behaviors surrounding sleep. The researchers were inspired to do their study, in part, by research showing that mothers with depression over-report behavioral problems in their children, seeing issues that teachers do not see. In pediatrics, the researchers noted, doctors rely heavily on parental reports for information — and if that information is biased by a parent's own experience, diagnosis becomes more difficult. "Sleep is a good measure of stress," said Dr. Elovaino, and it is one tool doctors use to evaluate how much stress a child is experiencing. But when making a diagnosis involving a child's sleeping patterns, "we can't rely on reports of parents. We need to use more objective measures." One reason to look at sleep in this context, he said, is that unlike other possible markers of stress, it can be measured objectively. © 2016 The New York Times Company
Keyword: Sleep
Link ID: 22073 - Posted: 04.06.2016
Feel like you haven't slept in ages? If you're one of the 5 per cent of the population who has severe insomnia – trouble sleeping for more than a month – then your brain's white matter might be to blame. The cell bodies and synapses of our brain cells make up our brain's grey matter, while bundles of their tails that connect one brain region to another make up the white matter. These nerve cell tails – axons – are cloaked in a fatty myelin sheath that helps transmit signals. Radiologist Shumei Li from Guangdong No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital in Guangzhou, China, and her team, scanned the brains of 30 healthy sleepers and 23 people with severe insomnia using diffusion tensor imaging MRI. This imaging technique lights up the white matter circuitry. Axons unsheathed They found that in the brains of the people with severe insomnia, the regions in the right hemisphere that support learning, memory, smell and emotion were less well connected compared with healthy sleepers. They attribute this break down in circuitry to the loss of the myelin sheath in the white matter. A study in November suggested that smoking could be one cause for myelin loss. The team also found that the insomniacs had poorer connections in the white matter of the thalamus, a brain region that regulates consciousness, alertness and sleep. The study proposes a potential mechanism for insomnia but there could be other factors, says Max Wintermark, a radiologist at Stanford. He says it's not possible to say whether the poor connections are the cause of result of insomnia. © Copyright Reed Business Information Ltd.
Keyword: Sleep
Link ID: 22069 - Posted: 04.05.2016
By Rachel Zelniker, A long dark winter can be mentally and physically exhausting, but a recent study published in the journal of Clinical Psychological Science challenges the idea that it's making people depressed. Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is commonly believed to affect a significant portion of the population in the Northern Hemisphere during the darker winter months. As many as 35 per cent of Canadians complain of having the "winter blues," according to the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health. Another 10 to 15 per cent have a mild form of seasonal depression, while about two to five per cent of Canadians will have a severe, clinical form of SAD. The disorder is based on the theory that some depressions occur seasonally in response to reduced sunlight — but recent research says that theory may be unsubstantiated. "We conducted a study using data that looked at the relationship between depression in a fairly large sample of people distributed over several degrees latitude in the United States," said Steven G. LoBello, a psychology professor at Auburn University in Montgomery, Ala., and one of the study's authors. "We looked across the four seasons to see if there was an association with sunlight, and we simply didn't find a direct relationship with sunlight, the seasons, or latitude." LoBello's study does not look at populations north of the 49th parallel, but he is confident his findings hold. "We cite in our paper a paper by [Vidje Hansen] that looked at this problem in Norway, which is north of the Arctic Circle, and they experience the polar night." According to LeBello, that research "did not find any relationship between an increase in depression and the duration of the polar night." A "seasonal pattern" modifier for depression diagnoses was officially added to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) in 1987. ©2016 CBC/Radio-Canada.
Keyword: Depression; Biological Rhythms
Link ID: 22063 - Posted: 04.04.2016
By Jordana Cepelewicz Last week a senior National Football League official acknowledged for the first time the link between head injuries in professional football and a degenerative brain disease called chronic traumatic encephalopathy. The admission—which has been compared with Big Tobacco's 1997 disclosure that smoking causes cancer—comes at a time when the dangers of less severe traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), including concussions, have also been making headlines. Scientists do not yet understand the biological mechanisms underlying the detrimental effects of TBI—and as a result, effective treatments remain elusive. In fact, how to deal with even a mild concussion is the subject of debate: Some doctors prescribe rest for several weeks whereas others claim this may have negative consequences and urge patients to stay active. Now it turns out that the type of rest patients get may be key. In a study on rats published this week in The Journal of Neuroscience a team of researchers at University Hospital Zurich (UHZ) found that enhancing the slow-wave cycle of sleep after a traumatic head injury preserves brain function and minimizes damage to axons, the long projections from neurons that send signals to other cells in the brain. Previous research has shown that TBIs cause axonal damage as well as the buildup of neurotoxic molecular waste products that result from injury. In the new study the researchers examined two different methods of inducing a slow-wave sleep state—the deepest sleep stage characterized by low-frequency, high-amplitude waves. During this stage, the brain clears out protein buildup, leading the researchers to question whether it could help treat rats that had suffered a brain injury. © 2016 Scientific American
Keyword: Brain Injury/Concussion; Sleep
Link ID: 22023 - Posted: 03.24.2016
Nicola Davis Suppressing bad memories from the past can block memory formation in the here and now, research suggests. The study could help to explain why those suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other psychological conditions often experience difficulty in remembering recent events, scientists say. Writing in Nature Communications, the authors describe how trying to forget past incidents by suppressing our recollections can create a "virtual lesion" in the brain that casts an "amnesiac shadow" over the formation of new memories. "If you are motivated to try to prevent yourself from reliving a flashback of that initial trauma, anything that you experience around the period of time of suppression tends to get sucked up into this black hole as well," Dr Justin Hulbert, one of the study's authors, told the Guardian. "I think it makes perfect sense because we know that people with a wide range of psychological problems have difficulties with their everyday memories for ordinary events," said Professor Chris Brewin, an expert in PTSD from University College, London, who was not involved in the study. "Potentially this could account for the memory deficits we find in depression and other disorders too." The phenomenon came to the attention of the scientists during a lecture when a student admitted to having suffered bouts of amnesia after witnessing the 1999 Columbine high school massacre. When the student returned to the school for classes after the incident she found she could not remember anything from the lessons she was in. "Here she was surrounded by all these reminders of these terrible things that she preferred not to think about," said Hulbert. © 2016 Guardian News and Media Limited
Keyword: Learning & Memory; Stress
Link ID: 21995 - Posted: 03.16.2016
By Victoria Sayo Turner Seasonal affective disorder was categorized under major depression to signify depression with a yearly recurrence, a condition far more debilitating than your average "winter blues." Credit: ©iStock Around March, some of us take a kick at the snow mounded on the curb and wonder if spring is finally going to drop by. The sun sets before we go home, and the cold coops us up except for runs to the grocery store. All of this amounts to something known informally as the winter blues, because those wintry days and dead trees can put us in a glum mood. But in the 1980s, research at the National Institutes of Mental Health led to recognition of a form of depression known as seasonal affective disorder (shortened, of course, to SAD). Seasonal affective disorder was categorized under major depression to signify depression with a yearly recurrence, a condition far more debilitating than your average "winter blues." Mention of SAD in research and books peaked in the 1990s, and today SAD is considered a diagnosable (and insurable) disorder. Treatment ranges from psychotherapy to antidepressants to light therapy — large boxes filled with lightbulbs that look like tanning beds for your face. However, a recent study questions the existence of seasonal depression entirely. Each year, the Centers for Disease Control conducts a large cross-sectional study of the US population. A group of researchers realized they could use the CDC results independently to investigate how much depression changes by season. The 2006 version of the CDC study included a set of questions typically used to screen for depression. By analyzing the answers gathered from 34,000 adults over the course of the year, the researchers might detect flareups of seasonal affective disorder. They might see wintertime surges in depression. "To be honest, we initially did not question the [SAD] diagnosis," writes investigator Dr. Steven LoBello, the goal being "to determine the actual extent to which depression changes with the seasons." © 2016 Scientific American
Keyword: Biological Rhythms; Depression
Link ID: 21994 - Posted: 03.16.2016
By HEATHER MURPHY Good morning. Or confusing morning, really. Come Daylight Saving Time each year, people often complain about how thrown off they feel by the shift of an hour. I thought they were just whiny. That is, until my dinosaur got jet lag and refused to glow. Since that's not an everyday occurrence, let me explain the dinosaur first, and then I'll get to how my dinosaur's problems may be connected to your own struggles to function over the next few days. (Hint: It's not only the loss of sleep that causes problems.) Created by a company called BioPop, my Dino Pet contains lots of itty bitty dinoflagellates. Dinoflagellates, if you are having trouble summoning a sixth-grade biology lesson, are usually ocean-dwelling, single-celled organisms also known as marine plankton. People typically encounter them when they clean the inside of their aquarium (this form is often referred "brown slime algae") or if they happen to be kayaking through a bay filled with lots of bioluminescent ones. The ones that live in my plastic dinosaur (a Christmas gift) are the latter kind. Shake them just a bit and the transparent creatures become a glow-in-the-dark snow globe. Except that a week after I set my dinosaur up, it still refused to put on its shimmer show. I tried everything. I moved it from darker to lighter spots. I played it music and whispered encouraging words. But when I turned off the lights, my little dino remained depressingly dark. © 2016 The New York Times Company
Keyword: Biological Rhythms
Link ID: 21981 - Posted: 03.14.2016
By Jerome Siegel To say whether an animal sleeps requires that we define sleep. A generally accepted definition is that sleep is a state of greatly reduced responsiveness and movement that is homeostatically regulated, meaning that when it is prevented for a period of time, the lost time is made up—an effect known as sleep rebound. Unfortunately, the application of this definition is sometimes difficult. Can an animal sleep while it is moving and responsive? How unresponsive does an animal have to be? How much of the lost sleep has to be made up for it to be considered homeostatically regulated? Is the brain activity that characterizes sleep in humans necessary and sufficient to define sleep in other animals? Apart from mammals, birds are the only other animals known to engage in both slow-wave and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Slow-wave sleep, also called non-REM sleep, is characterized by slow, high-amplitude waves of electrical activity in the cortex and by slow, regular respiration and heart rate. During REM sleep, animals exhibit a waking-like pattern of cortical activity, as well as physiological changes including jerky eye twitches and increased variability of heart rate and respiration. (See "The A, B, Zzzzs.") But many more animals, including some insects and fish, engage in behaviors that might be called sleep, such as resting with slow but regular respiration and heart rates and a desensitization to environmental stimuli. In addition to diversity in the neural and physiological correlates of sleep, species vary tremendously in the intensity, frequency, and duration of sleep. Some animals tend to nap intermittently throughout the day, while others, including humans, tend to consolidate their sleep into a single, long slumber. The big brown bat is the current sleep champion, registering 20 hours per day; giraffes and elephants doze less than four hours daily. © 1986-2016 The Scientist
Keyword: Sleep; Evolution
Link ID: 21974 - Posted: 03.10.2016
By Kerry Grens On a closed-circuit television I watch Marie settle into her room, unpacking her toiletries in the bathroom and arranging her clothes for the next day. Her digs at the University of Chicago sleep lab look like an ordinary hotel room, with a bed, TV, desk, nightstand. Ordinary, except for the camera keeping watch from across the bed and the small metal door in the wall next to the headboard. The door, about one foot square, is used when researchers want to sample the study participants' blood during the night without disturbing them; an IV line passes from the person's arm through the door and into the master control room where I'm watching Marie on the screen. She's come to the lab on a weekday evening to be screened for possible inclusion in a study on insomnia. Marie says her sleep problems started almost 20 years ago, on the first day of her job as a flight attendant. "The phone rang in the middle of the night," she recalls. It was work, scheduling her for a flight. "Something was triggered in my mind. It was the first time in my life I experienced a night with no sleep. Something clicked. Then the second night I couldn't sleep. It just went on. I lost my ability to sleep." After a few years, Marie (not her real name—she asked to remain anonymous for privacy) stopped working. Most nights she'll sleep for a short stretch—maybe a few hours—then wake up and lie awake for hours as pain in her neck consumes her and makes her uneasy and restless. "I've seen psychologists, physical therapists, doctors. I've been prescribed medications for depression. But it didn't work," she says. "Every single day it's a struggle . . . I feel like when Job was attacked by the devil. Someone is trying to take my vitality away." © 1986-2016 The Scientist
Keyword: Sleep
Link ID: 21959 - Posted: 03.07.2016
Ian Sample Science editor Too little sleep may bring on a form of the marijuana "munchies", say scientists who found that sleep-deprived people craved crisps, sweets and biscuits far more than healthier foods. The US researchers believe that skimping on sleep alters brain chemicals in much the same way as the hunger-boosting ingredient in cannabis, which has long propped up snack sales at 24-hour convenience stores. After several nights of poor sleep, healthy volunteers who took part in the study reached for snacks containing more calories - and nearly twice as much fat - than ones they favoured after sleeping well for the same period, the scientists say. When sleepy, the participants had terrible trouble resisting the snacks, even when they were full, said Erin Hanlon, who led the study at the University of Chicago. Research has shown time and again that sleep loss raises the risk of obesity, but the reasons are complex and unclear. Insufficient sleep disrupts hormones that govern appetite and satiety. But those who sleep less have more time to eat, and may be too tired to exercise. To muddy the waters further, obesity can lead to breathing problems that themselves disrupt sleep patterns. In a small study published in the journal Sleep, Hanlon invited 14 men and women in their twenties to spend two four-day sessions at the university's clinical research centre. The volunteers' time in bed was controlled, so that on one visit they averaged 7.5 hours of sleep a night, but on the other only 4 hours 11 minutes a night. During their stays, the volunteers ate identical meals, dished out at 9am, 2pm and 7pm.
By Claire Asher A poor night's sleep is enough to put anyone in a bad mood, and although scientists have long suspected a link between mood and sleep, the molecular basis of this connection remained a mystery. Now, new research has found several rare genetic mutations on the same gene that definitively connect the two. Sleep goes hand-in-hand with mood. People suffering from depression and mania, for example, frequently have altered sleeping patterns, as do those with seasonal affective disorder (SAD). And although no one knows exactly how these changes come about, in SAD sufferers they are influenced by changes in light exposure, the brain's time-keeping cue. But is mood affecting sleep, is sleep affecting mood, or is there a third factor influencing both? Although a number of tantalizing leads have linked the circadian clock to mood, there is "no definitive factor that proves causality or indicates the direction of the relationship," says Michael McCarthy, a neurobiologist at the San Diego Veterans' Affairs Medical Center and the University of California (UC), San Diego. To see whether they could establish a link between the circadian clock, sleep, and mood, scientists in the new study looked at the genetics of a family that suffers from abnormal sleep patterns and mood disorders, including SAD and something called advanced sleep phase, a condition in which people wake earlier and sleep earlier than normal. The scientists screened the family for mutations in key genes involved in the circadian clock, and identified two rare variants of the PERIOD3 (PER3) gene in members suffering from SAD and advanced sleep phase. "We found a genetic change in people who have both seasonal affective disorder and the morning lark trait" says lead researcher Ying-Hui Fu, a neuroscientist at UC San Francisco. When the team tested for these mutations in DNA samples from the general population, they found that they were extremely rare, appearing in less than 1% of samples. © 2016 American Association for the Advancement of Science.
Keyword: Sleep
Link ID: 21926 - Posted: 02.23.2016
Tina Hesman Saey Sonia Vallabh knows what will probably kill her. In 2011, the Boston-area law school graduate learned she carries the same genetic mutation that caused her mother's death from a rare brain-wasting prion disease. Prions are twisted forms of normal brain proteins that clump together and destroy nerves. About 10 to 15 percent of prion diseases are caused by a mutation in the PRNP gene, leading to such deadly diseases as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome and fatal familial insomnia, the disease that killed Vallabh's mother. Grief, shared with family and friends, came first. Eventually, Vallabh realized, "We can't get around this prognosis.… We've got to go through it." So began her and husband Eric Minikel's odyssey to learn about the disease that had turned their lives upside down. A scientist friend came by with a flash drive loaded with research papers about prion diseases. "We didn't have the vocabulary" to understand the information, Vallabh says. So she took a sabbatical from her job to take biology and chemistry classes. Minikel kept writing transportation software, but attended night classes with his wife. Vallabh's first foray into brain research was as a technician in a lab studying Huntington's disease. During "science nights" at the couple's home, scientist pals team-taught biology and biochemistry. The couple took the biggest step when Minikel left his consulting job and both enrolled in graduate school to study prion diseases. Prion proteins, some of which clump together or form fibrils, as in this E. coli bacteria, are often used to model how proteins misfold in some neurodegenerative disorders. © Society for Science & the Public 2000 - 2016
By Ariana Eunjung Cha The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention just published their first national survey of sleep for all 50 states and the District of Columbia. In many respects, it's consistent with our image of ourselves as bleary-eyed insomniacs downing triple espresso shots and melatonin pills as we stare at our iPhones like zombies. The CDC found that more than a third of American adults are not getting the recommended amount of seven-plus hours of sleep on a regular basis. Here's a look at what sleep looks like across the United States, as broken down by marital status, geography, race/ethnicity and employment. The results aren't always what you might expect. 1. First, here's a breakdown of how much sleep Americans are getting overall. This is based on a random telephone survey of 444,306 respondents. Overall, about 65 percent reported a "healthy sleep duration" (seven or more hours of sleep on a regular basis) and about 35 percent reported they were getting less than that. 2. Being unable to work or being unemployed appears to affect sleep in a negative way. That's consistent with previous research on sleep quality and mental health issues like depression that can be related to unemployment. 3. People with college degrees or higher were more likely to get enough sleep. Maybe it's because they are more likely to know how important good sleep is to your health or maybe because they have jobs or income that allow them to get more sleep?
By Jordana Cepelewicz Seasonal variations play a major role in the animal kingdom—in reproduction, food availability, hibernation, even fur color. Whether this seasonality has such a significant influence on humans, however, is an open question. Its best-known association is with mood—that is, feeling down during the colder months and up in the summer—and, in extreme cases, seasonal depression, a phenomenon known as seasonal affective disorder (SAD). A new study published in this week's Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences seeks to delve deeper into how human biology has adapted not only to day/night cycles (circadian rhythms) but to yearly seasonal patterns as well. Scientists have previously found seasonal variation in the levels and concentrations of certain compounds associated with mood (including dopamine and serotonin), conception and even mortality. Now for the first time, using functional MRI, "it's [been] conclusively shown that cognition and the brain's means of cognition are seasonal," says neuroscientist Gilles Vandewalle of the University of Liège in Belgium, the study's lead researcher. These findings come at a time when some scientists are disputing the links between seasonality and mental health. Originally aiming to investigate the impact of sleep and sleep deprivation on brain function, Vandewalle and his fellow researchers placed 28 participants on a controlled sleep/wake schedule for three weeks before bringing them into the laboratory, where they stayed for 4.5 days. During this time they underwent a cycle of sleep deprivation and recovery in the absence of seasonal cues such as natural light, time information and social interaction. Vandewalle's team repeated the entire procedure with the same subjects several times throughout the course of nearly a year and a half. © 2016 Scientific American
Keyword: Attention; Biological Rhythms
Link ID: 21882 - Posted: 02.10.2016
By Michelle Roberts Health editor, Exposure to short flashes of light at night could help sleeping travellers adjust to new time zones and avoid jet lag, according to US scientists. The light beams travel through the eyelids and this tells the brain to re-set the body's inner biological clock, the Stanford researchers believe. They tested the method in 39 volunteers and found it shifted a person's body clock by about two hours. An hour of the flashlight therapy was enough to achieve this effect. People's bodies synchronise to the 24-hour pattern of daytime and night they are used to. And when they travel across time zones to a new light-dark schedule, they need to realign. While most people can easily manage a long-haul flight across one or two time zones, crossing several time zones messes with the body clock. Jet lag can leave travellers tired, irritable and disorientated for days. As a remedy, some people take melatonin tablets, which mimic a hormone released in the evening. Some try phototherapy - light boxes that simulate daylight. But Dr Jamie Zeitzer and colleagues at Stanford University School of Medicine believe sleeping in front of a strobe light could work better. They asked volunteers to go to bed and wake up at the same times every day for about two weeks. Next, they were asked to sleep in the lab, where some were exposed to continuous light and others a strobe light (two-millisecond flashes of light, similar to a camera flash, 10 seconds apart) for an hour. The flashing-light group reported a nearly two-hour delay in the onset of sleepiness the following night. In comparison, the delay in sleepiness was 36 minutes for the continuous-light group. Dr Zeitzer calls his therapy "biological hacking". Cells in the back of the eye that detect the light send messages to a part of the brain that sets the body clock. The light fools the brain into thinking the day is longer than it really is, which shifts the inner clock. © 2016 BBC.
Keyword: Biological Rhythms
Link ID: 21881 - Posted: 02.10.2016
By John Bohannon Didn't get your 40 winks last night? Better not get yourself arrested, or you may admit to a crime you didn't commit. False confessions are surprisingly easy to extract from people simply by keeping them awake, according to a new study of sleep deprivation. It puts hard numbers to a problem that criminal law reformers have worried about for decades. The "crime" in question took place in a sleep lab run by Kimberly Fenn at Michigan State University in East Lansing. Together, she and Elizabeth Loftus, a psychologist at the University of California (UC), Irvine, and two of their former Ph.D. students recruited 88 Michigan State students to take part in an experiment. During two separate visits, the students worked at computers solving problems and filling out questionnaires. They were all given a stern warning: Do not press the escape key, because it will erase important study data. After their second session, the subjects were split into two groups. Half of them were forced to stay awake all night under the watch of the researchers. Scrabble, TV shows, and a card game called euchre seemed to do the trick. The rest were allowed to get a full night's sleep. But that also required policing. "We actually had a student leave the study because he wanted to stay awake all night to study for an exam the next day," Fenn says, adding that "I certainly do not advocate this!" The next morning, everyone received a typed statement describing their performance. The statement accused them of hitting the escape key on the first day, even though none of them actually did so—the computers recorded all keystrokes. © 2016 American Association for the Advancement of Science
Keyword: Sleep; Attention
Link ID: 21877 - Posted: 02.09.2016
Bruce Bower Winter doesn't deserve its dour reputation as the season of depression, scientists say. Rates of major depression, a psychiatric condition marked by intense sadness, hopelessness, insomnia and a general loss of interest or pleasure, don't markedly change from one season to another among U.S. adults, says a team led by psychologist Steven LoBello of Auburn University at Montgomery in Alabama. Neither do symptoms intensify or become more numerous during winter among those already suffering from depression, the researchers report online January 19 in Clinical Psychological Science. A small number of people with regular fall or winter depression may have gone undetected in the new study, which surveyed more than 30,000 U.S. adults. Still, it's becoming harder to justify the current psychiatric diagnosis of major depression "with seasonal pattern," LoBello and Auburn colleagues Megan Traffanstedt and Sheila Mehta conclude. Because it's a recurring disorder, depression can strike in two consecutive winters by chance, the researchers say. Depression in three or more consecutive winters could be due to personal and social factors unrelated to shorter days, they add. "Being depressed during winter is not evidence that one is depressed because of winter," LoBello says. © Society for Science & the Public 2000 - 2016
Keyword: Depression; Biological Rhythms
Link ID: 21876 - Posted: 02.09.2016
By Nicholas Bakalar Women with sleeping difficulties are at increased risk for Type 2 diabetes, researchers report. Scientists used data from 133,353 women who were generally healthy at the start of the study. During 10 years of follow-up, they found 6,407 cases of Type 2 diabetes. The researchers looked at four sleep problems: self-reported difficulty falling or staying asleep, frequent snoring, sleep duration of less than six hours, and either sleep apnea or rotating shift work. The study is in Diabetologia. Self-reported difficulty sleeping was associated with higher B.M.I., less physical activity, and more hypertension and depression. But even after adjusting for these and other health and behavioral characteristics, sleeping difficulty was still associated with a 22 percent increased risk for Type 2 diabetes. Compared to women with no sleep problems, those with two of the sleep conditions studied had double the risk, and those with all four had almost four times the risk of developing the illness. The senior author, Dr. Frank B. Hu, a professor of nutrition and epidemiology at Harvard, said that sleep problems are associated with excess secretion of two hormones: ghrelin, which increases appetite, and cortisol, which increases stress and insulin resistance. Both are linked to metabolic problems that increase the risk for diabetes. "And," he added, "it's not just quantity of sleep, but quality as well" that is associated with these health risks. © 2016 The New York Times Company
By JAN HOFFMAN One evening in the late fall, Lucien Majors, 84, sat at his kitchen table, his wife Jan by his side, as he described a recent dream. Mr. Majors had end-stage bladder cancer and was in renal failure. As he spoke with a doctor from Hospice Buffalo , he was alert but faltering. In the dream, he said, he was in his car with his great pal, Carmen. His three sons, teenagers, were in the back seat, joking around. "We're driving down Clinton Street," said Mr. Majors, his watery, pale blue eyes widening with delight at the thought of the road trip. "We were looking for the Grand Canyon." And then they saw it. "We talked about how amazing, because there it was — all this time, the Grand Canyon was just at the end of Clinton Street!" Mr. Majors had not spoken with Carmen in more than 20 years. His sons are in their late 50s and early 60s. "Why do you think your boys were in the car?" asked Dr. Christopher W. Kerr, a Hospice Buffalo palliative care physician who researches the therapeutic role of patients' end-of-life dreams and visions. "My sons are the greatest accomplishment of my life," Mr. Majors said. He died three weeks later. For thousands of years, the dreams and visions of the dying have captivated cultures, which imbued them with sacred import. Anthropologists, theologians and sociologists have studied these so-called deathbed phenomena. They appear in medieval writings and Renaissance paintings, in Shakespearean works and set pieces from 19th-century American and British novels, particularly by Dickens. One of the most famous moments in film is the mysterious deathbed murmur in "Citizen Kane": "Rosebud!" Even the law reveres a dying person's final words, allowing them to be admitted as evidence in an unusual exception to hearsay rules. © 2016 The New York Times Company
Keyword: Sleep
Link ID: 21852 - Posted: 02.03.2016


text:
Oct. 2, 2009 – Mergent Corporate Manual Search is a database of digitized versions of eight corporate manuals issued by Moody's and Mergent from 1909 to the present. Searchable by company name, manual, and year.
Manuals are from these categories
Each scanned page is presented as a separate file, using a browser-based viewer. (So printing is one page at a time.)
Sunday: Opens at 9:00 A.M.
Monday-Thursday: 24 Hours
Friday: Closes at 10 P.M.
Saturday: 9:00 A.M.-10:00 P.M.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Software, Iphone, Ssl Certificate
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BALTIMORE -- Manny Ramirez has rediscovered his home-run swing, and the timing couldn't be better for the Boston Red Sox.
Ramirez hit his 40th homer and drove in three runs to back a strong pitching performance by Bronson Arroyo, and Boston took advantage of a key error by Miguel Tejada to hand the Baltimore Orioles their sixth consecutive loss, 6-3 on Friday night.
Edgar Renteria had two hits and scored three runs for the Red Sox, who remained one game behind the first-place New York Yankees in the AL East with nine games to go. New York beat Toronto 5-0.
Ramirez singled in a run in the first inning and hit a two-run homer in the seventh. Boston's cleanup hitter has four home runs in his last three games and seven in his last 13 after going 17 games without connecting.
"It means we have one of the most dangerous hitters in the game hitting back-to-back with David (Ortiz)," Red Sox manager Terry Francona said. "When Manny gets hot, he's not going to hit singles. We hope he hits a bunch of homers."
It is Ramirez's third 40-homer season with Boston, tying the club record set by Carl Yastrzemski.
Arroyo (14-9) overcame a sluggish start to improve to 4-0 in his last five starts, allowing three runs and seven hits in seven-plus innings. He's 7-0 in September since joining the Red Sox last season.
"Whatever he did, he found himself, because early he didn't have his good stuff," Francona said.
After allowing three runs, Arroyo retired 10 in a row before giving up a leadoff walk in the seventh.
"I got some easy outs and some quick innings," he said.
Mike Timlin, the fourth Boston pitcher, worked the ninth for his 10th save. Timlin, who blew a late lead at Tampa Bay on Wednesday, has inherited the closer's role from Keith Foulke, who is out for the season with two ailing knees.
Jay Gibbons drove in two runs for the Orioles, who were coming off a four-game sweep at New York. Baltimore managed just one hit after the fourth inning after building a 3-1 lead in the third.
"I was really excited when we came out of the chute. That was as much energy as I've seen," interim manager Sam Perlozzo said. "We just couldn't muster anything else after that."
Before the game, the Orioles told first baseman Rafael Palmeiro that his season is over. Palmeiro, who was to return from a rehabilitation stint at home, has been a huge distraction to the team since his Aug. 1-10 suspension for steroid use.
Boston scored three unearned runs off Daniel Cabrera (10-12) in the fifth to take a 4-3 lead. With two on and two outs, Ramirez hit a bouncer to deep shortstop. Tejada, who faced questions this week about a vitamin he gave Palmeiro, made a high and wide throw to first that allowed a run to score. Trot Nixon followed with a two-run double to right-center.
Although Nixon's hit gave Boston the lead for good, the key to the inning was the grounder by Ramirez.
"Daniel got the ball that he needed to get on a great hitter, and we just didn't make the play," Perlozzo said. "It cost us."
Ramirez made it 6-3 in the seventh with a shot to center off Eric DuBose on a 3-2 pitch after Renteria hit a leadoff single.
"Beautiful swing," Francona said. "I will always take being up three as opposed to one."
Boston used an RBI single by Ramirez to go up 1-0 in the first inning, but Baltimore scored twice in the bottom half. After Tejada and Gibbons hit run-scoring singles, Arroyo averted further damage by retiring B.J. Surhoff and Chris Gomez with the bases loaded.
"I don't get Surhoff out," Arroyo said, "(Reliever Leonard) Dinardo's in there and I'm out."
Successive doubles by Tejada and Gibbons made it 3-1 in the third, but the Orioles did little else offensively in their eighth loss in nine games.
"I'm not tickled to death," Perlozzo said. "I don't like losing, they don't like losing. We've only got one choice, and that's to keep playing hard."
- Tejada's third-inning double was his 50th of the season, tying the club record set last year by Brian Roberts.
- The victory moved Arroyo over .500 for the first time in his career (33-32).
- The game drew a crowd of 46,850, the Orioles' 13th sellout. A majority of the fans cheered for Boston.
- The Red Sox improved to 8-8 against Baltimore this season.


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Most people know what cookies are or know not to click on suspicious links, but there are a number of hidden online hazards that could present risks to unsuspecting consumers. Anonymizer, Inc., a global leader in online privacy, anonymity, and identity protection solutions, is observing National Cyber Security Awareness Month by shedding light on privacy risks of which users may not be aware.
Related Topics : Unisys, Stimulus Package, Security Breaches, Symantec, Electronic Surveillance
Security professionals are in demand right now, and entry-level security jobs generally fall into either an engineer or analyst role. Find out more about required skills and career paths. ... More >>
Experts predict how cybersecurity will affect and involve our government, policies and politics in 2017. ... More >>
Examine some of the concerns involving shadow IT security and some of the riskiest behaviors, applications and devices. ... More >>


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It's the trans-global satiricast that leaves no hot potato unbuttered. Andy Zaltzman breaks down the news with comedians from across the world including Wyatt Cenac, Hari Kondabolu, John Oliver, Nish Kumar, Anuvab Pal and his sister Helen.
Parental Advisory
May 27th, 2014
Episode 289 of 380 episodes
Some stuff that happened in May, before this May (but since 2007).
You'll need to sign in to write a comment.
Welcome to the daily audio workout for your head.


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Baked Potatoes
18 Nov 2011
These Baked Potatoes are one of the best I've ever tasted. Just buy some baking potatoes and cook. Eat these potatoes as it is or include them in other dishes. Your family will simply love them. Try these Baked Potatoes in your own way and let me know how you liked them the best. Your suggestions for these Baked Potatoes is welcome.
|Baking potatoes
|1 1⁄2 Pound
1. Pierce potatoes with a fork.
2. Set aside.
Recipe Summary
Difficulty Level:Easy
Rate It
Nutrition Rank
Nutrition Facts
Serving size: Complete recipe
Calories 538 Calories from Fat 5
% Daily Value*
Total Fat 0.54 g0.84%
Saturated Fat 0.14 g0.68%
Trans Fat 0 g
Cholesterol 0 mg
Sodium 34 mg1.4%
Total Carbohydrates 123 g41%
Dietary Fiber 8.8 g35.4%
Sugars 4.2 g
Protein 15 g29.1%
Vitamin A 0.1% Vitamin C 64.6%
Calcium 8.8% Iron 32.5%
*Based on a 2000 Calorie diet
Baked Potatoes Recipe


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Lit Lang Library
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Sibelan Forrester, Professor at Swarthmore College: "A Russian in Persia, and Persia in Russian: Translating Yuri Tynyanov's 'The Death of the Vazir-Mukhtar'"
SpeakerSibelan Forrester, Professor of Russian Language and Literature at Swarthmore College
Date Nov 1, 2012
Time 4:00 pm
Location 101 International Studies Building, 910 S. Fifth St., Champaign
Cost Free and open to the public.
Sponsor Russian, East European, and Eurasian Center; The Center for Translation Studies; Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures; Program in Comparative and World Literatures
Event type Lecture
Views 469
Originating Calendar School of Literatures, Cultures and Linguistics Calendar
Forrester is Professor of Russian Language and Literature at Swarthmore College. She is a specialist in Russian Silver Age poetry, women's and gender studies, and literary translation.


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Inauguration stories wanted
There's a big, national party coming up in a couple of weeks – the inauguration. This time around, President Barack Obama gets sworn in publicly on Jan. 21 for his second term of office.
Most of us watch it on TV. A few million others are lucky enough to grab a spot along the Inauguration Parade route or score tickets to the swearing-in ceremony.
We'd like to hear from folks in Orange County who have had the pleasure of being in Washington, D.C., to attend a presidential inauguration. How did you luck out to be there? What do you remember most about it?
Send your memories in an email to firstname.lastname@example.com with the subject heading "Inauguration," and if you have a snapshot of yourself there, feel free to include that as an attachment.
Please try to keep what you write to 250 words or less, and include your first and last name, the city you live in and a daytime phone number. We'll need to hear from you by Wednesday.
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- OC Fairgrounds will shut down for March weekend amid concerns over pro-Trump rally
- Woman who drove with man's body on windshield in Torrance gets 25 to life
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Keep it civil and stay on topic. No profanity, vulgarity, racial slurs or personal attacks. People who harass others or joke about tragedies will be blocked. By posting your comment, you agree to allow Orange County Register Communications, Inc. the right to republish your name and comment in additional Register publications without any notification or payment.


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What Can You Do for Lenny?
Release of the new Debian 5.0, codenamed "Lenny", has been postponed. Scheduled for September, Lenny still suffers from too many release critical problems (RC bugs), and until these bugs are fixed, there will be no "Lenny".
Developer Alexander Reichle-Schmehl is trying to rally support. In a mail on the developer list he explains the problems in detail and asks for help in getting Debian released "in this quarter at least." The complete text can be found on his blog.
As well as asking developers to take their own bugs to task, he also asks for assistance in fixing RC bugs from other developers. He asks for an update from Etch to Lenny with notification of any problems because the update has hardly been tested. The release notes are also still missing a detailed description. With the devscripts package, users can check if packages with critical bugs have been installed on their system. They can then verify the bug and actively help to fix it.
Last but not least, Alexander asks maintainers to refrain from uploading new upstream versions of packages to Sid because, apart from wasting the build daemons time, they have no chance of reaching Lenny anyway. Also, uploading new packages makes it harder for other, dependant packages, to migrate to Lenny.
Issue 28: GIMP Handbook 4th Ed./Special Editions
Buy this issue as a PDF
Munich Plans to Ditch Linux and Go Back to Windows
A major setback for the Linux desktop.
Linux Kernel 4.10 Comes with New Security Features
Improved support for GPU in virtualization.
OpenSUSE Site Hacked
News site for the openSUSE community falls victim to a Wordpress exploit.
LibreOffice Goes Online with 5.3 Release
The source code is available online.
Microsoft Brings Clear Linux OS to Azure
One out of three virtual machines on Microsoft Azure Cloud run Linux.
ASUS Announces a Single-Board Computer
The form factor of the board makes it a drop-in replacement for Raspberry Pi.
Red Hat Releases RHEL 6.9 Beta
Makes it easier for customers to move workloads into container-centric applications.
SUSE Working on a New Operating System Called MicroOS
SUSE's answer to container-centric operating systems.
Biggest Kernel Release Ever
Linux 4.9 is the biggest release in terms of number of commits.
CentOS Linux 7 (1611) Released
The latest version of the official RHEL clone is here.


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San Francisco's Resilience Journey
The city of San Francisco released its Resilience Strategy on April 18, 2016. Explore the strategy here.
San Francisco's Resilience Story
San Francisco is a worldwide tourist destination, houses 30 of the world's largest financial institutions, is a major technology hub for biotechnology and Internet commerce and has a history of devastating earthquakes and fires. San Francisco has a notably diverse population, and is also a vital link for air, sea, and ground transportation. The city's innovative use of financing and building codes has dramatically improved building safety, and their use of social media to educate and motivate the public has influenced residents to take important steps in advancing their personal resilience.
Visit the City of San Francisco's Resilient SF Website
Shocks and Stresses
- Drought
- Earthquake
- Heat Wave
- Wildfires
Meet The Chief Resilience Officer
Patrick Otellini is the Chief Resilience Officer (CRO) for the City and County of San Francisco. Mr. Otellini was originally appointed by Mayor Ed Lee in October 2012 as the Director of San Francisco's Earthquake Safety Implementation Program. This public policy driven group has recently passed unanimously approved pieces of legislation that range from mandatory retrofits of soft story building to post-earthquake repair standards. All of these require innovative seismic solutions before and after earthquakes, with the goal of making San Francisco more resilient in the face of disaster.
Prior to his appointment Mr. Otellini was a Senior Associate with A.R. Sanchez-Corea & Associates, San Francisco's premier permit and code consulting firm. His work there included the management of the permit and inspection process for over $2 billion worth of construction in San Francisco, with projects ranging from the Millennium Tower at 301 Mission St to the Westfield San Francisco Centre Mall at 845 Market. He is a Certified Building Inspector through the International Code Council (ICC) and a Certified Fire Protection Specialist through the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA).
Outside of work he serves on the Board of Directors at the San Francisco Zoo and serves as a member of the steering committee for San Francisco's new Veterans Memorial Monument, which broke ground last month. Patrick lives in San Francisco with his wife and two children. He received his Bachelor's Degree from Westmont College in Political Science.
Snapshot of San Francisco
Population as of 2012
In The Media
Bigger Than the Big One
Imagining an 8.5 magnitude quake, this piece from RiskandInsurance considers how SF and the Bay Area could handle a disaster on this scale.
Stories About San Francisco
April 18, 2016
San Francisco's Strategy Release
Around the World
Explore cities facing similar resilience challenges to San Francisco.
- Drought
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Desaru Golden Beach Hotel
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Legoland malaysia
Today we went to Legoland in Malaysia. We had to wake up very early (around 7am) to catch the bus at 9. The bus trip to legoland was very long as we had to stop at the security when we leaved Singapore and stopped again to enter Malaysia (there was a long queue for me as I don't have a Singaporean passeport). Once arrived, we started by doing the project X which is one of the biggest roller coasters in lego land (it had a nice slope at ...
Trip down memory lane (for Amelie)
... used to, she still liked it. We finished off our lunch with another ice cream sundae. After that we went to Hougang mall, which was nearby and was another shopping mall Amelie often went to as she used to live near to it. Amelie finally found a bag there that she liked. Same as compass point, apart from a few new shops, in general the place hasn't changed. We continued with Kovan heartland mall, near where Amelie used to have ...
On tour with Hilary
... of 1. Bed was good.
Footnote: From the Strait Times on Sat: Transport giant SMRT could face a fine of up to $50 million following the massive MRT disruption on Tuesday, according to a market analyst.More than 250,000 commuters were affected when train services on the North-South and East-West lines were disrupted for over two hours - in what was likely the worst MRT breakdown ever seen here.
Tannum to Singapore
... The lounge wasn't as nice as in Brisbane and we found out that the SilverKris lounge is the fancy one for business/First class guests whereas the gold lounge is for frequent flyer members.
Made our way by shuttle train to gate 21 at 10:30. Went through security checks here, yes very strange, but we remembered this from our last trip.
Sat and waited for a while then boarded at 11:30. Our seats were 37J & K in the middle of the plane over the wing. Takeoff was at ...
Our Singapore Story
... a 10 year certificate to get it on the road. It costs him or her 150% of the present value of the car! As with most Commonwealth countries, vehicles on the road and people walking on the streets keep to the left.
Our last day took us to 'Little India' and Chinatown. The developers wanted to keep the ethnic living quarters but also needed far more space for housing. Therefore some of the historic ...


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- Details
This course has been specifically designed to develop qualified practitioners who are proactive, flexible and able to meet the changing needs of health and social care.
|Two years, full time
UK and EU (EEA) application deadline: Closed
Non-EU (international) application deadline: 31 March 2017
|Apply through UCAS code B161, institution code S49 (not through UKPASS)
|UK, EU and non-EU (international) citizens may apply
This MSc develops physiotherapists who are critical thinkers and independent learners with entrepreneurial and problem solving skills.
This qualification is awarded by St George's, University of London and delivered by the School of Rehabilitation Sciences in the Faculty of Health, Social Care and Education, a partnership between Kingston University and St George's.
Tuition Fees
2017 entry UK/EU: NHS Bursary funded programme*
2017 entry Non EU (International): £14,950 per year
Fees are reviewed on an annual basis for each year of entry*All UK students may apply for a non-means tested NHS tuition fee grant to cover the cost of this course.
Last Updated: Monday, 06 February 2017 13:12


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It's your first amendment right to stay in the know.
© 2017 Smack Apparel.
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Blog Post
How is Microsoft Relevant to Developers?
Download this episode
Wilbour Craddock's (Architect Evangelist, Microsoft Ireland) keynote at reMIX Dublin for developers. Wilbour discusses some of the emerging trends from a development and information consumption perspective - including: 'three screens & the cloud', IE9 & html5, Kinect & 'natural UI', Surface, slates, and other multi-touch devices.
Available formats for this video:
Actual format may change based on video formats available and browser capability.
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Creating Tables - 09
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Understanding Cascading Style Sheets - 12
Form Validation and Other Future HTML5 Form Enhancements - 11
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Creating Forms - 10
CSS3 Font and Text Properties - 13
Working with Paragraphs and Text - 05
CSS3 List and Table Properties - 15
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Re: Stairway to Heaven
I lived in Kaneohe and would say unless you are a brave soul that likes danger and breaking the law, then forget climbing this so called stairway. Security starts at 6:30 am and they are always on the lookout for trespassers. To read about this hiking site see webpage: backyardoahu.com/index.html?...
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Pakistan's cricket board said Tuesday they had appointed Wasim Bari as interim chief selector to pick the team for next month's series against Sri Lanka after Abdul Qadir quit the post.
Bari, a former captain who is currently working for the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) as director of human resources, had served as chairman of selectors for three previous periods in the past.
"Bari has been appointed as interim chairman of selectors to pick the team for Pakistan team's tour of Sri Lanka," said a PCB release. Pakistan will play three Tests, five one-day internationals and a Twenty20 match.
Captain Younus Khan, coach Intikhab Alam and vice captain Misbah-ul-Haq will be the interim members of the committee for the Sri Lanka tour only.
Final approval of the squad will be made by PCB chairman Ijaz Butt, the release said.
Qadir resigned from the post of chairman of selectors last week, blaming the PCB for not allowing him to work independently. Qadir also blamed Khan, Alam and manager Yawar Saeed for interference -- a charge denied by the officials.
Salim Jaffer and Shoaib Mohammad -- two other members of the selection committee -- did not resign, but a decision on their fate and the appointment of a permanent chief selector are still pending.


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Rodeway Inn & Suites El Centro
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Very Dry and Salty
... our Sturgis fundraising even. Tickets can be purchased on the web site under the Sturgis Buffalo Chip tab. The event starts at 6pm August 7th at the Cross Roads Tent and includes a light dinner lots of fun and a Def Leppard Concert. Please Donate, Register to raise $2000 as a Road Captain or Road Warrior, or buy tickets to our event in Sturgis. www.theoneride.net Thanks.
Chuck and Ziggy
Salvation Mountain
... of the Bible within his art, his shrine. But you cannot deny how very powerful it is or how the dream of one man, his determination to create from his dream, is moving. One has to see the installation to really understand the magnitude of what Leonard created. It is huge. Magnificent. It stands in a desert and it shines with colour. It vibrates with creativity. It really is a labour of love. This man's tribute to his God started with a dream. ...
Driving around Mars
... Road is ****** in some places, worse thant Baja Peninsula, for crying' out loud. Went through the Box Canyon where the Mormon pioneers squeezed their wagons through - it's hard to believe they could survive that trip, but maybe that's why they're prosperous and flourishing.
Went though the Los Coyotes Band of Cahuilla and Cupeno Indian Tribes land, through Dripping Springs (yikes!) and stumbled on a state park with hot springs, ...
Fascinating Southern California
... McEntire, darn it.
Anyway, this lake was created by accident. In 1900 the California Development Company began construction of irrigation canals to divert water from the Colorado River into the "Salton Sink", a dry lake bed. Worked great and farmers had a very fertile valley....for awhile, haha. The canal filled with silt within two years, so engineers dug more canals (sort of on my principle that what's worth doing is worth OVERdoing, more yuks). ...
Going back to Cali'
... of the restaurant, we loaded up into our cars and took a short drive through downtown Phoenix, and a surprisingly long tunnel, before heading out of town on Highway 10 westbound then via 85 to I-8 towards California and El Centro.
The four hour drive took us through flat desert lands - nothing but dirt, sand and sand hills along the way. I did have a short stop in a small gas station in Sentinel, AZ along the way, this place didn't even have a restroom, but it had ...


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As if you needed one more reason why it's never a good idea for an adult male to be texting an eighth-grade female: It's a recruiting violation.
Grosse Pointe (Mich.) South High girls basketball coach Kevin Richards has been suspended by both the Michigan High School Athletic Association and his own school for sending texts and tweets to an eighth-grade recruit, The Detroit News reported.
MHSAA and the GPSHS administration each suspended Richards for three games apiece, so the seventh-year coach will reportedly miss the first six games of the 2013-14 season.
Richards has led the Blue Devils to back-to-back Class A state championship games, losing in heartbreaking fashion each time -- blowing an 18-point, third-quarter lead in a one-point loss in 2012 and falling in overtime this past season.
A former player at St. Clair County Community College, the 34-year-old Richards has also coached at Coleman (Mich.) High and Macomb (Mich.) L'Anse Creuse North High.
While speculation is rampant about the coach's past recruiting habits, Richards is listed as the President-Elect of the Basketball Coaches Association of Michigan on the organization's website. In April 2012, the BCAM issued a questionnaire entitled "Athletic Recruiting and Undue Influence." The very first question reads:
Can high school coaches or their representatives call, email, text, tweet, write or contact athletic recruits?
In bold, the answer is written clearly: "No."
In addition to sending text and Twitter messages to the eighth-grader, Richards also attended her games -- another MHSAA violation, according to the questionnaire.
One Detroit-area administrator suggested to The Detroit News that coaches in his league would have been either been suspended for an entire year or fired for similar infractions.
Want more on the best stories in high school sports? Visit RivalsHigh or connect with Prep Rally on Facebook and follow us on Twitter.


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Use this basic recipe for boiled chicken breasts when you need cooked chicken for casseroles, salads, and soups.
Makes about 8 cups chicken and 8 cups broth
6 bone-in chicken breasts (about 4 pounds)
2 quarts water
1 small onion, quartered
2 celery ribs with tops, quartered
2 carrots, quartered
1 garlic clove
1 bay leaf
2 teaspoons salt
1 teaspoon pepper
Bring all ingredients to a boil in a Dutch oven. Cover, reduce heat, and simmer 30 to 40 minutes or until done. Cool chicken slightly; remove and discard skin and bones. Chop meat, and store in airtight containers in freezer up to 3 months. Strain and reserve broth to use fresh or freeze, if desired. Broth may be frozen in airtight containers.
October 2004


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Marking Time (And Some Foucault) In America: Jesse Krimes At Burning In Water, NYC
Jesse Krimes, whom I've written about here, is one of the very few artists in history to have had major museum exhibitions before ever showing in a commercial gallery. But after showing at the… More ›
"A Paper Monument For The Paperless" Brings A Human Face to the Migrant Crisis
They call it a "paper monument for the paperless" — an art project that brings humanity to the refugee crisis created by Islamist terrorist groups in the Middle East. The idea,… More ›
168:08-How Artist Wafaa Bilal Is Rebuilding Iraq, One Book At A Time
Wafaa Bilal's "168.01" aims to rebuild Iraq's culture – through a unique marriage of books, art, performance, and the help of those who share his vision.
TEFAF Adds Two New Art Fairs – In New York
Because there aren't enough art fairs already. Because being the world's biggest art fair isn't enough. Because being the most celebrated art fair isn't enough. Because they… More ›
After a Long Hiatus, 2016
After a long hiatus, in part the result of other work, in part the result of lengthy battles with my computer, this month will mark the restart of posts to this blog. Stay tuned.
The Most Important Art You'll See This Season
Already the press releases and the headlines are beginning: "Here is what you'll see at Art Chicago." "Here is what will be available for sale at Frieze."
Kreuk Responds To Vo's Obscenities: Let's Donate Instead
Collector Bert Kreuk responds to Danh Vo's abusive remarks with a challenge to the artist.
Bert Kreuk: Happy To Sit And Talk With Danh Vo
In the Bert Kreuk-Danh Vo case, some things aren't quite what they seem. Kreuk says he wants to set the record straight – and find a solution that works for all.
The Kreuk-Vo Case: What It Means And Why It Matters
The Bert Kreuk vs Danh Vo suit, which was decided (in Kreuk's favor) on June 24, is nonetheless far from over. Already, Vo and his gallerist and co-defendant, Isabella Bortolozzi (who are rumored… More ›


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Logan Lerman Net Worth: Logan Lerman is an American actor who has a net worth of $8 million dollars. Born January 19, 1992 in Beverly Hills, California, Logan Lerman best known as the main character (Percy Jackson) in the fantasy-adventure film franchise Percy Jackson. His other acting credits include commercial work in the mid-1990s, Jack & Bobby series (2004-2005), movies The Butterfly Effect (2004) and Hoot (2006). He gained further recognition in the western 3:10 to Yuma, thriller The Number 23, comedy Meet Bill and 2009's Gamer and My One and Only. Lerman also played the role of d'Artagnan in 2011's The Three Musketeers and starred in the teen drama The Perks of Being a Wallflower (2012). He also had supporting roles in the 2014 films Noah and Fury. Lerman considered himself the black sheep of the family because he was an actor and most of his relatives worked in the medical profession. His family owns and operates the orthotics and prosthetics company Lerman & Son, which was founded by his grandfather Jacob Lerman in 1915. Lerman had a passion for movies even as a child and started acting just for fun. He began auditioning for parts in the late 1990s and soon appeared in his first commercials. According to BlackBook magazine, Lerman aspires to be the head of a film studio one day.
Logan Lerman Net Worth
Logan Lerman
Date of Birth
Jan 19, 1992 (25 years old)
Actor, Musician
United States of America
5 ft 8 in (1.75 m)
More Actors
All net worths are calculated by applying a proprietary algorithm. The results are then fact checked and confirmed by a team of editors. We scan all publicly available data and resources and work diligently to ensure that our numbers are the most accurate and up to date net worth data you will find anywhere on the internet.


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Simply Nourish™ Kitten Food - Natural, Grain Free, Chicken Stew
Provide your kitten with a balanced and delicious meal every time with Simply Nourish Grain Free Chicken Stew for Kittens. This savory food is grain free for your kitten's continued healthy growth, and features the delicious taste of chicken cats crave. Only at PetSmart.
Features: Made with real chicken
Food Type: Can
Food Consistency: Can
Life Stage: Adult
Flavor: Chicken Stew
Package Weight: 3 oz
Feeding Instructions:
Feed according to the age, size, and activity of your cat. feed at room temperature and refrigerate unused portion. Always provide access to clean fresh water.
Kitten: up to 20 weeks of age, feed as much as your kitten will eat in 3 or 4 feedings per day.
21 to 30 weeks of age, feed 1 can per pound of body weight per day.
31 to 52 weeks of age, feed ¾ can per pound of body weight per day.
Water Sufficient For Processing, Chicken, Turkey, Tomatoes, Chicken Liver, Carrots, Dried Egg Product, Guar Gum, Potato Starch, Sunflower Oil, Calcium Carbonate, Pea Protein, Salt, Tricalcium Phosphate, Potassium Chloride, Choline Chloride, Sodium Phosphate, Vitamins (Thiamine Mononitrate, Vitamin E Supplement, Niacin Supplement, D-Calcium Pantothenate, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Riboflavin Supplement, Vitamin A Supplement, Biotin, Vitamin D3 Supplement, Vitamin B12 Supplement, Folic Acid), Pumpkin, Minerals (Ferrous Sulfate, Zinc Oxide, Copper Proteinate, Sodium Selenite, Manganese Sulfate, Potassium Iodide), Taurine, Xanthan Gum, Cranberries, Natural Flavor, Carrageenan, Fish Oil (Preserved With Mixed Tocopherols, Rosemary Extract
Guaranteed Analysis:
Crude Protein (min) 9.0%
Crude Fat (min) 2.0%
Crude Fiber (max) 1.5%
Moisture (max) 83.0%
Caloric Content: (calculated): 745 kcal/kg ME, 63 kcal/can ME
$ 7.97 to $ 19.57
Now: $ 0.55
Now: $ 0.55
Now: $ 0.99
Now: $ 1.49


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Thank you for your interest in the Best Places to Work in Collections
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• Eligibility• Assessment Process• Survey & Report Samples• Report Options• 2017 Program Timeline• 2017 Program Registration• Order Your Reports• FAQ• Winners
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Royal portrait criticized
LONDON - The Duchess of Cambridge seems to like her first official portrait, which is lucky for the artist. Many critics don't.
Paul Emsley's portrait of the former Kate Middleton shows the 31-year-old royal against a dark background, her lips pursed into a wry smile, with an ethereal light against her face and hair. Her pale complexion brings out the fine lines under the eyes, and the light adds a hint of silver to her rich brown hair.
Shortly after the portrait was unveiled Friday at the National Portrait Gallery in London, critics began grousing.
"It's a great, great opportunity missed," British Art Journal editor Robin Simon said. "The best thing you can say about it is that she doesn't actually look like that."
Simon said Kate's nose was too large and the painting drained the duchess of her sparkle. Kate "transmits a sense of joie-de-vivre," he said. "This is dead, dead, dead."
Guardian arts writer Charlotte Higgins picked up on that theme, saying the portrait had a "sepulchral gloom" about it.
Spears, X Factor split
LOS ANGELES - Britney Spears says she has made the "difficult decision" to leave Fox's "The X Factor" after one season.
The pop singer said she had an incredible time working on the singing contest but it is time to get back into the studio to record.
It was widely reported Thursday that Spears and "X Factor" were parting ways after a season in which the show's ratings fell and Spears received lackluster reviews.
Fellow panelist Antonio "L.A." Reid previously announced he was leaving, Demi Lovato is expected to rejoin the show.
Evan Rachel Wood pregnant
NEW YORK - Evan Rachel Wood, below, is going to be a mom.
Wood's publicist, Amanda Silverman, said Friday the 25-year-old actress and her husband, Jamie Bell, are expecting their first child later this year. She said Wood and Bell are "thrilled." The couple married last year.
Wood's breakout role was in 2003's gritty film "Thirteen." In 2011, she co-starred with Kate Winslet in the HBO miniseries "Mildred Pierce." Both roles earned her Golden Globe nominations.
Bell, 26, is best known for his starring role in "Billy Elliott." His film credits also include "King Kong" and "The Adventures of Tintin."
Italian actress Melato dies
ROME - Italian actress Mariangela Melato, below, has died in a Rome hospital at age 71. The Antea hospital said she died Friday. The LaPresse news agency said she was suffering from pancreatic cancer.
One of the actress' most acclaimed film roles was the role of a spoiled socialite stranded with a sailor she had tormented in the 1974 comedy film "Swept Away." Her role was played by Madonna in a 2002 remake.
Melato had less success in Hollywood roles, which included a supporting part in "Flash Gordon" in 1980.
'Hayride' presenter dies
The man who helped introduce Elvis Presley to worldwide audiences through his work with the Louisiana Hayride - the state's version of the heralded Grand Ole Opry - has died.
Veteran radio broadcaster Frank Page died late Wednesday after a severe respiratory infection at WK Pierremont Health Center in Shreveport. He was 87.
Page retired from Shreveport's KWKH Radio in 2005 after 65 years. Presley sang "That's Alright Mama" on the Hayride in October 1954. A biography on the Graceland website says the 19-year-old Presley had a few weeks earlier recorded a song.
Travis DUI confirmed
SHERMAN, Texas - Blood alcohol results show country star Randy Travis was legally drunk when he was arrested naked following a Texas traffic accident.
Travis was arrested for DWI after the Aug. 7 single-vehicle accident. Defense attorney Larry Friedman says Travis has a great deal of respect for law enforcement and has stopped drinking alcohol.


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text:
track list
Album Wanted [Original Soundtrack]
Label Lakeshore Records
Released June 24, 2008
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His missions encourage non smallcuts decks
Does that mean we all have Tiwi ld's
@ciara321 you have to do his missions to get him but you can do them with any clan.
I don't know about anybody else but both my girlfriend and myself were able to acquire Tiwi after only winning 1 fight for the 4th mission. As soon as we gained the 70 life and started the 4th mission 1 fight won and we were both awarded the LD card. This is obviously some type of bug. Wonder if we will end up having him taken away when they discover the problem at UR?
Hehe sorry for the double post there was a long lag and I didn't think it went through the 1st time Hehe


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Graphic technology -- Safety requirements for graphic technology equipment and systems -- Part 5: Stand-alone platen presses
(Not available in French)
This standard was last reviewed and confirmed* in 2016.
ISO 12643-5:2010 provides safety requirements specific to stand-alone platen presses. It is intended to be used in conjunction with the general requirements given in ISO 12643-1.
ISO 12643-5:2010 provides additional press design safety requirements for the design and construction of new manually fed or automatic stand-alone platen press systems intended for diecutting, creasing, embossing, foil stamping and/or the printing of paper, board and other materials processed in a similar manner.
ISO 12643-5:2010 is not applicable to presses designed to handle metal material other than foil.
Document published on: 2010-12 Edition: 1 (Monolingual) ICS: 37.100.10 Status: Published Stage: 90.93 (2016-03-17) TC/SC: ISO/TC 130 Number of Pages: 10
This standard has not been revised
No corrigenda or amendments available


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A MIXED MESSAGE As officials in Washington state and Colorado prepare
As officials in Washington state and Colorado prepare to open the nation's first retail pot shops, many acknowledge the tricky task awaiting them. But they appear determined both to allow adults to smoke pot for fun while trying to convince kids that it's not a good idea.
"We are committed to countering the perception among young people that marijuana is less dangerous to them because it has been made legal for adult use," Jack Finlaw, chief legal counsel for the Colorado governor, told the Senate Judiciary Committee this month.
Among other things, Colorado will ban pot advertising aimed at anyone younger than 21 and form a "marijuana educational oversight committee" to let minors know the drug could hinder their neurological development, Finlaw said.
In a letter to the Senate panel, Washington Gov. Jay Inslee and Attorney General Bob Ferguson promised that all of the marijuana will be sold in child-resistant packaging and that none of the state's 334 retail pot stores will be allowed within 1,000 feet of a school, park, playground or video arcade when they open June 1.
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A jaw dropping transportation of FOUR signed cards. Pro caliber magic that anybody can do. https://t.co/kbIiS..
Anniversary Waltz (World's Greatest Magic) - DVD
FREE SHIPPING TO UNITED STATES. This product qualifies for PENGUIN FLAT-PACK (World-wide free shipping)
In stock: usually ships within 24 hours!
Order in the next 36 minutes and it will ship TODAY!
Michael Ammar once wrote that one of the principles key to making a magic effect memorable to an audience is to alter an object magically and then give it away in its altered state. A souvenir of this kind will be treasured forever and there's been perhaps no better example of this kind of effect than one in which two playing cards, signed by the spectators, are magically fused into a single card. Not glued or fasted in any way; they actually become one single card.
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Customer Reviews (showing 1 - of 4)
Hackneyed Lines Report this review
Pro Privacy ON (login to see reviewer names) on April 2nd, 2010
"That's How I got it!!!!!!!!!" Really . . . all of you just had to use that stupid joke. I'm gonna barf. Now that that's done, if the card fusion plot intrigues you at all, then this is worth your while, especially at the asking price. However, let me point out a few things.1 of 1 magicians found this helpful.
First, the crediting isn't very thorough. Each magician seems to give credit to a different source for being the creator of the plot. Some of the versions require a very involved set up, and most of the performers don't explain some of the moves that they are using. Granted the moves they "skip over" are pretty common ones, Riffle Force, Cross-cut Force and a few others. Some of the versions were frankly pretty lame in their performance and had no patter. I think, presentationally (I know that's not a word) speaking, Doc Eason's was the best. However Garrett Thomas's handling had a couple of really nice "convincer" moves. I also especially like Jean-Jacques Sanvert's version. It's a bit of a setup, but the cards can easily be palmed in. Also, the handling is a bit tricky, but there are some beautiful magic moments.
I think my least favorite is Carl Andrews's version. There is a huge descrepancy in the handling that is too obvious to overlook. On the other hand, however, he did get a strong reaction from his audience and his version does not require any special cards.
Etienne Pradier's version was tough to see and was over way too fast. The performance was very unfocused and scatter-brained. Also, he leaned way over the table placing his body right over the food on the table. I didn't really find his version all that compelling. Overall, however, the DVD is good quality and there are some great ideas and even utility moves that you'll learn. It's a gem folks.
anniversary waltz Report this review
Verified buyer Pro Privacy ON (login to see reviewer names) on January 5th, 2016
a classic trick.....
gets as big a reaction as you could possibly hope....
can make the women weep...what more could you ask???
really cool
should be in everybody's repertoire
This Is What Magic Is All About Report this review
Verified buyer Pro Privacy ON (login to see reviewer names) on August 2nd, 2012
I read other reviews before writing my own and I agree to a point with what others have said about some of the variations of this effect.
As far as the crediting goes, I felt that they were explained properly.
Over the years magicians come up with their own methods and I felt that the creators of certain moves were nicely acknowleged.
As far as the actual performances go, Doc Eason by far had the best performance and handling and I felt the others were lacking in their performance.
But hey, you are buying the method not their performance.
After learning the method and handling I have come up with several ideas of my own of how to beautifully present this trick.
To me, this video gives great explanations of the handling and while some are more tedious then others the end result for the spectators is fantastic and that's what it's all about.... sharing your craft with others to enjoy.
I didnt buy this DVD to use anyone's storyline... I bought this DVD to learn the trick and make it my own and to me this is a powerful peice of magic.
Good introduction to the trick. Report this review
Pro Privacy ON (login to see reviewer names) on April 7th, 2010
Anniversary Waltz can potentially be an amazing effect, the tricks on here are good but none of them really exploit the effect for all it can be. I've seen some much better versions of this effect which market at the same price as this DVD. If you want some ideas about the routine then this is a good place to start but I would suggest you look for or develop stronger routines than the ones on here.0 of 1 magicians found this helpful.
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New Freedom Real Estate
New Freedom is located in Pennsylvania. New Freedom, Pennsylvania has a population of 4,446. New Freedom is more family-centric than the surrounding county with 38.67% of the households containing married families with children. The county average for households married with children is 31.38%.
The median household income in New Freedom, Pennsylvania is $68,826. The median household income for the surrounding county is $58,747 compared to the national median of $53,046. The median age of people living in New Freedom is 44.2 years.
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The average high temperature in July is 84 degrees, with an average low temperature in January of 24.4 degrees. The average rainfall is approximately 44.4 inches per year, with 31.3 inches of snow per year. No weather information available.
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