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The Central Republic in Mexico, 1835-1846
'Hombres De Bien' in the Age of Santa Anna
By (author) Michael P. Costeloe
Series edited by Alan Knight
Format: Paperback
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Central Republic in Mexico, 1835-1846 by Michael P. Costeloe
Book DescriptionMuch of the so-called Age of Santa Anna in the history of independent Mexico remains a mystery and no decade is less well understood than the years from 1835 to 1846. In 1834, the ruling elite of middle class hombres de bien concluded that a highly centralised republican government was the only solution to the turmoil and factionalism that had characterised the new nation since its emancipation from Spain in 1821. The central republic was thus set up in 1835, but once again civil strife, economic stagnation, and military coups prevailed until 1846, when a disastrous war with the United States began in which Mexico was to lose half of its national territory. This study explains the course of events and analyses why centralism failed, the issues and personalities involved, and the underlying pressures of economic and social change.
Buy Central Republic in Mexico, 1835-1846 book by Michael P. Costeloe from Australia's Online Bookstore, Boomerang Books.
Book DetailsISBN: 9780521530644
(228mm x 152mm x 20mm)
Pages: 344
Imprint: Cambridge University Press
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Publish Date: 3-Oct-2002
Country of Publication: United Kingdom
Other Editions...
Books By Author Michael P. Costeloe
Response to Revolution, Paperback (November 2009)
This book examines the Spanish response, military, economic and social, to the anti-imperial revolutions of Latin America in the early nineteenth century.
Alienation of Church Wealth in Mexico, Paperback (October 2008)
Professor Bazant describes in detail the implementations of the 1856 Lerdo Law and subsequent decrees.
Church Wealth in Mexico, Paperback (October 2008)
The Juzgado de Capellanias was the most important fiscal institution within the Roman Catholic Church in Mexico.
Central Republic in Mexico, 1835-1846, Hardback (April 1993)» View all books by Michael P. Costeloe
This book examines why centralism failed during the Age of Santa Ana in Mexico, and how federalism came to be abandoned.
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AtomicCookies 7
(Yes, they're really made of atoms.)
These are spritz cookies made with custom DIY spritz cookie plates, to show the shapes of the electron probability distributions of hydrogenic atoms in low-lying quantum states. :D
Read more about this project here.
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Restaurants for NYE
Can anyone recommend any nice restaurants and/or bars for NYE? Doesn't have to be anything super fancy. We are in our early 30s.
Merci bien,
Liege Thalys connection
I will be arriving Liege from Maastricht and connecting on Thalys to Paris Nord. I arrive in Liege 20 minutes before the Thalys departs. In the past this has never been an issue but I understand the Thalys boarding platform is now restricted to ticket holders only for security reasons. Should I be concerned about a massive line trying to pass thru some sort of security screening and face the possibility of 20 minutes not being enough time to clear the security screening and miss my Thalys connection? Much thanks in advance
Bus route from Liege Guillemins railway station to VOO Ans ?
Bus route from Liege Guillemins railway station to VOO Ans ?
"The Sprit of 66" bar or night club, what hours is it open, have you been there?
Does any one know what hours it is open "The Sprit of 66", have you been there? By their internet site it looks good. Is it a normal bar and has special music events or only open for these events/Live-Gigs? I see the Jupiler beer logo and for me I prefer Jupiler over Stella. Nothing wrong with Stella it is great too. Thanks for all of your comments.
Downtown liege
what is the name of the downtown street that all the bars are on?
Aywaille weekend
Hello everyone,
I will be spending a long weekend with friends in a rented house in Aywaille and we are wondering what to do in the area and beyond. Ideally, on one of the days we would like to discover the area we are in and on the other day we would like to go on a worthwhile excursion somewhere within an hour (or so) by car from where we are staying (perhaps on the German side).
We would greatly appreciate your suggestions on things to do and places to visit on these two days!
Thanks in advance :-)
transport to and from Banneux to the F1 circuit in Spa
can you book transport / taxis to Spa from Banneux easily ?
Is the Jalhay area pedestrian-friendly?? Pouvons-nous vivre sur des vélos dans la région de Jalhay?
en englais:
My girlfriend and I are about to book a long term rental just outside of Jalhay. We'd like to know how difficult it is to live in the area on foot, either by walking trails to different villages to get groceries, or riding a bicycle on the trails. The roadways look narrow with high speed cars, even though we've seen cyclists on them. We'd like to lead a slow, pedestrian, country life. No cars.
Also, suggestions on where to buy groceries around Surister/Royompre/Jalhay/Polleur/Chernaux would be much appreciated.
en francais:
Mon amie et moi sommes sur le point de réserver une location à long terme à l'extérieur de Jalhay. Nous aimerions savoir combien il est difficile de vivre dans la région à pied, soit par des sentiers pédestres de différents villages pour faire des courses, ou à vélo sur les sentiers. Les routes semblent étroite avec des voitures à grande vitesse, même si nous avons vu les cyclistes sur eux. Nous aimerions mener une, piéton, la vie est lente pays. Pas de voitures.
En outre, des suggestions sur les endroits où acheter de la nourriture autour de Surister / Royompré / Jalhay / Polleur / Chernaux serait très apprécié.
Is the tour guided?
I have a few questions.
1) Is the tour guided?
2) Can a person who does not speak French enjoy the visit?
3)Would a nine year old enjoy this?
4) Is the Fort de Loncin a good place to visit?
Getting there
Getting from Brussels to Raeren by train or bus
Thalys question
Is it possible to purchase Thalys tickets at the Liege train station? I usually purchase online but will not be able to do so this year.
How to go from Brussels to Banneux?
Hi there I would like to know how to get go to Banneux from Brussels by PUBLIC TRANSPORT. Many thanks for your help. Betsy
Hospital Le Valdor,
Does anyone know where exactly this place is located in Liege. And, can we get inside of this abondand building?
A day in Liege - suggestions on what to do?
I'll be coming into Liege from Luxembourg by train in the morning, and leaving in the morning of the next day. I have a few questions:
1) Is there anything anyone can recommend doing in this period?
2) Also, could you give me precise instructions on how to get to the attractions or sights that you suggest, from the Liege train station? Which is a good area to stay?
3) Finally, can anyone recommend a good place to buy Belgium dark chocolates or any other Belgium-made snacks/foodstuffs in Liege, near the attractions you recommend, or near the train station?
Thank you!
Night bus?
Is there a night bus from Liege - Gullemens to Maastricht, i have a tight schedule and i may miss the last train from Liege to Maastricht.
traveling from liege to malmedy
i would like to know what is the easiest way to get from the town of liege to malmedy? we do not want to rent a car and i am not able to find a way through the internet?
Spa-Francorchamps Grand Prix
Hi All
A friend and I will be in Belgium whilst the Grand Prix is on (well we extended our holiday to make sure).
Now, I have no interest what-so-ever in Grand Prix so am looking to do something else.
We can't decide whether to drive there or train, not sure where we'll be coming from, but hope you guys could help advise.
Is it easy to travel to the race track by public transport? My friend has a ticket for Sunday 29th Aug. The official website only mentions travel by car and all the others I can find are only selling tickets or serious F1 info.
And any suggestions on what I can do whilst he's watching the race? I'm thinking visit Liege but am open to suggestions. I like beer, modern art and design, second hand sales, architecture, taking photographs.
Belgian Grand Prix
Did anyone go to the Belgian Grand Prix this year? Can you provide tips on the best viewing spots? public transportation to spa from paris? any race related activity in the local area?
Best French Fries (Belgium Fries :) ) in Liege !
i will be in Liege next saturday and i wanna eat the best fries in Liege :)
Where can i find them ?
Thanks a lot in advance
Expat group in Liège
I would like to meet other expats in Liège. I'm French and Canadian, actually, my mother tongue is French, but I like speaking English (I speak German too).
If you're francophone, you're more than welcome too!
I just miss the international touch and I am slowly creating a list of contact. Soon enough, I would like to invite the group to meet for a drink in Liège.
Please have a look at my blog and feel free to send me your feedback (or tips!)
The Loonie
Train from Paris to Maastricht
Me and my wife will be arriving at Paris CDG on August 30, 2009.
From there I have to go to Maastricht to attend a conference.
One of my options is to get on Thalys from Paris Nord and change trains at
on the Thalys web site there is a station named Liege and another one named
"liege ABS"
What is the difference and which station I need to choose?
I have to go to Masstricht from Liege. Should I get a train or a taxi would be ok? What would be cost difference. Train will be 2 tickets ( me and wife)
If train, do I need to make reservations or I can buy ticket right then? Is there a web site (in english if possible) where I can check trains to Maastricht?
Thank you all
Liege musee d'armes open in 2009?
Hi there,
i was hoping maybe someone with local knowledge might point me in the right direction to get info about if this Liege museum is open after renovations? I have searched a bit on the internet but havent found the info i was looking for.
Accomodation near Liege or Verviers for Formula One race in August
Hello! For our trip to the Spa-Francorchamps Belgian Grand Prix, my husband and I are looking for accommodation (hotel, bed and breakfast, room in private house, vacation house?) for Thursday night 27 August to Monday 31 August, preferably close to Verviers. We hope to keep the price under200 USD/night. We are not having luck in finding available rooms for this weekend, even now several months before the race! Yikes! Your suggestions are appreciated. If you have done this trip to the Grand Prix in the past, your comments on transportation options would be very welcome. We are hoping to travel only by train and bus but may consider renting a car if necessary or suggested.
Hi everybody!!
I'm just wondering if somebody could please help me!! Im goin to Liege for 3 months in January and am having the most difficult time tryin to find a nice furnished, central appartment for that length of time, everybody wants to rent an unfurnished appartment for 6 and 700 euro a month, its ridiculous!! I will only be there for 3 months and im looking for somewhere furnished, if anybody could help me out I would greatly appreciate it!!
Thank you all,
Standard v Everton
I am coming over last minute for the game and as the hotels in Liege were all booked up I have booked a hotel in Ebn Email La Vallee Du Geer. I am not sure how far it is from Liege and how easy or expensive it will be to get a taxi back there after the game. It may even be easier to go for a post match drink nearer to the hotel. Appreciate some feedback thanks. We are coming over in a car so may drive into liege or near the ground and leave the car there and pick it up the next day when we drive back
Standard v Everton
I'm coming to Liege for the Everton game on 2 October.
Can anybody advise of good places for a few beers with the locals please?
Most Everton fans are likely to head for the central areas - any English pubs / Irish bars.
I'd prefer somewhere a little more obscure to mingle with locals.
Any suggestions gratefully accepted.
Please help
Hello when i arrive at Liege Guillemins station can i get another train to Liege Palais or would it be better to get a bus/taxi to my destination (Hôtel Hors-Château-Hors Château,62
Liège (Province De Liège) would it cost much in a taxi and am i near the centre of town? thanks.
From Liege to Brussels in midnight
Hello !
What are my options to travel from Liege to Brussels around 23.30-00.00?
I understand that last train is leaving 23:08
Coin Lockers
Hi! i wonder if there are coin lockers at the Guiliemme railway station
A local hotel directly in Eupen
Hello, I am looking for a hotel/gasthaus in the center of Eupen. I know of the Best Western Hotel Boston but, I am looking for a reasonably priced location near the center. I will be traveling in September. Thank you in advance, Charlesracine


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Live Girls
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The cult classic that changed vampire fiction forever.
When Davey Owen loses his girlfriend and his job, he seeks solace in the seedy darkness of Times Square's Live Girls. Inside its peep show booth, Davey finds a hypnotic fantasy, an irresistible ecstasy, an obsession. Soon, the beautiful dancer Anja offers him an insatiable demonic kiss, and with that Davey seals his fate as one of the eternal damned.
Can Davey, along with newspaperman Walter Benedek, unravel the mystery of Live Girls before Davey loses his soul? Or are they being pulled, spiraling down toward something sinister and . . . oozing . . . in the club's basement?
With 1987's fan favorite Live Girls, author Ray Garton broke new ground in the world of horror novels. Visceral, erotic, unforgiving—the images in this book will haunt you. That is not a warning . . . it is a promise.
- Pub Date
- 04/01/2014
- Publisher
- Open Road Integrated Media
- 9781497627475
- Format
- Ebook
- Category
- Horror
Editorial Reviews
"Gripping, original, and sly. I finished it in one bite." —Dean Koontz
"The most nightmarish vampire story I have ever read." —Ramsey Campbell
Community reviews
About the author
Ray Garton
Ray Garton is the author of sixty books, including horror novels such as the Bram Stoker Award–nominated Live Girls, Crucifax, Lot Lizards, and The Lovliest Dead; thrillers such as Sex and Violence in Hollywood, Murder Was My Alibi, Loveless, and Trade Secrets; and seven short story collections.


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Mark Gibson (movingpresentations)
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1918 Spanish Influenza Outbreak: The Enemy Within
Horse-drawn carts plied the streets with a call to bring out the dead in the city where bodies lay unburied for days. The afflicted died by the thousands, and survivors lived in fear. But this wasn't medieval Europe being stalked by the Black Death. This was Philadelphia, October 1918, and the city was under siege from a new variant of one of mankind's oldest specters: influenza.
The flu lurking in the midst of this patriotic fervor, however, would prove far more lethal than trench warfare and poison gas. Most alarming was the fact that the disease ravaged previously healthy young adults in their 20s and 30s: the men and women who worked the factories, cleaned the streets, tended the sick — and fought the wars.
Many assumed, wrongly, that the flu had originated in Spain, where 8 million fell ill during a wave of relatively mild flu that had swept the globe in the spring of 1918. Because Spain was neutral and its press uncensored during the war, it was one of the few places in Europe where news about the epidemic was being reported. Whatever its origins, the flu was taking a toll on frontline troops. Commander Erich von Ludendorff blamed the disease for the failure of Germany's major spring offensive.It was a grievous business, he said,having to listen every morning to the chiefs of staff's recital of the number of influenza cases, and their complaints about the weakness of their troops.
Influenza wasn't Ludendorff's only obstacle. General JohnBlack Jack Pershing, commander in chief of the American Expeditionary Forces in Europe, pushed relentlessly to build up troop strength. The U.S. Army had fewer than 100,000 soldiers when it entered the war — the general's plans called for approximately 4 million. The Americans would not simply plug holes in the British and French lines. The AEF would stand alone, and march to victory under the American flag. To do that, Pershing needed more men, more materiel. Always, endlessly, more.
Back home, the ramp-up hit a snag. On March 4, 1918, the Army installation at Camp Funston, Kan., reported a single case of flu. Before the end of the month, 1,100 men had been hospitalized, and 20 percent of those men developed pneumonia. Flu spread rapidly among Army camps as troops were rushed through on their way to the front. But the outbreak had subsided by summer, and it looked like the worst was over.
It wasn't.
Only a Matter of Hours
Camp Devens, 35 miles northwest of Boston, was seriously overcrowded. Built to house 36,000 troops, it contained more than 45,000 in early September 1918. The flu struck there with a suddenness and virulence that had never been seen before.These men start with what appears to be an ordinary attack of LaGrippe or Influenza, and when brought to the Hosp. they very rapidly develop the most vicious type of Pneumonia that has ever been seen, wrote Roy Grist, a doctor at the Camp Devens hospital.Two hours after admission they have the Mahogany spots over the cheek bones, and a few hours later you can begin to see the Cyanosis extending from their ears and spreading all over the face, until it is hard to distinguish the coloured man from the white….It is only a matter of hours then until death comes….We have been averaging about 100 deaths per day….We have lost an outrageous number of Nurses and Drs.
Flu victims were wracked by fevers often spiking higher than 104 degrees and body aches so severe that the slightest touch was torture. Cyanosis was perhaps the most terrifying hallmark of the pneumonia that often accompanied this flu. A lack of oxygen in the blood turned one's skin a bluish-black — leading to speculation that the Black Death had again come calling.While Devens tried unsuccessfully to contain the outbreak, a similar situation was developing at Commonwealth Pier, a naval facility in Boston. Flu was reported there in late August, but the war would not wait. Sailors were shipped out to New Orleans, Puget Sound and the Great Lakes Naval Training Station near Chicago. Josie Mabel Brown was a young Navy nurse living in St. Louis, Mo., when she was called to duty at Great Lakes.There was a man lying on the bed dying and one was lying on the floor, she said of her first visit to a sick ward.Another man was on a stretcher waiting for the fellow on the bed to die….We wrapped him in a winding sheet and left nothing but the big toe on the left foot out with a shipping tag on it to tell the man's rank, his nearest of kin, and hometown….Our Navy bought the whole city of Chicago out of sheets. There wasn't a sheet left in Chicago. All a boy got when he died was a winding sheet and a wooden box; we just couldn't get enough caskets.
Three hundred sailors from Boston landed at the Philadelphia Navy Yard on September 7; on the 19th the Philadelphia Inquirer reported that 600 sailors and marines had been hospitalized with the flu. It should have been apparent to city officials that a potential crisis loomed. In Massachusetts the flu had spread rapidly from military encampments to the public at large. Medical practitioners in Philadelphia called for a quarantine, but Wilmer Krusen, director of the city's Department of Public Health and Charities, declined. There was recent precedent for such action: Quarantines were regularly enacted during a terrifying polio epidemic in 1916. But that was in peacetime. No civilian deaths from flu had been reported locally, and a Liberty Loan parade — perhaps the largest parade Philadelphia had ever seen — was scheduled for the end of the month. A quarantine would only cause panic, and the city would most certainly not meet its quota of war-bond sales.
Every American seemingly had a personal stake in winning the war. Even children were eager to do their bit. Anna Milani, who was a child in Philadelphia during the epidemic, remembered the rhyme she and her friends would sing in the street:
Tramp, tramp, tramp the boys are marching
I spied Kaiser at the door
We'll get a lemon pie
And we'll squash it in his eye
And there won't be any Kaiser anymore
The parade stepped off as planned on September 28 with marching bands, military units, women's auxiliaries and Boy Scout troops. Some 200,000 spectators thronged the two-mile-long parade route in a show of civic pride. Three days later, 635 new civilian cases of flu, and 117 civilian deaths from the disease and its complications, were reported in Philadelphia.
Worry is Useless
October 1918 was brutal in the City of Brotherly Love. Schools, churches, theaters and saloons were closed. So many Bell Telephone operators were home sick that the company placed notices in city newspapers pleading with the public tocut out every call that is not absolutely necessary that the essential needs of the government, doctors and nurses may be met. Krusen authorized Bell to discontinue service to those making unnecessary calls, and 1,000 customers were eventually cut off.
Even if emergency calls did get through, there weren't enough people to answer them. A quarter of Philadelphia's doctors and nurses were away serving in the military. Volunteers were called, but many were too sick themselves — or too frightened of contracting the disease — to be of much help. Entire families were stricken, and the prognosis was often grim.My mother called the doctor because the whole family was sick with this flu, said Harriet Hasty Ferrell.And I, being an infant baby, was very sick, to the point that the doctor thought that I would not make it. He told my mother it wasn't necessary to feed me anymore.
Still, there were those who tried to quell panic. An October 6 editorial in the Inquirer advised:Live a clean life. Do not even discuss influenza….Worry is useless. Talk of cheerful things instead of the disease.
No amount of happy talk could make the nightmare go away. Between October 12 and October 19, 4,597 Philadelphians died of the flu and related respiratory diseases, and survivors struggled to carry out familiar mourning rituals.We couldn't go inside the church, one city native remembered.The priest would say Mass on the step, and we would all be congregated outside….They figured maybe outside you wouldn't catch the germ. Another recalled that her 13-year-old cousin, who was sick with the flu, had to be carried to the cemetery wrapped in a blanket in order to say the traditional Jewish prayers at his mother's funeral service. Hundreds of unburied corpses posed another serious health risk. Caskets were in such short supply that the J.G. Brill Co., which manufactured trolley cars, donated packing crates to fill the need. The Bureau of Highways used a steam shovel to dig mass graves in a potter's field. By the end of the month, the Spanish flu had claimed 11,000 victims in Philadelphia and 195,000 nationwide.The tragedy played out with varying degrees of severity across the country. The city of San Francisco, where the flu hit hardest in late October, mandated that gauze masks be worn in public at all times. The mandate was widely followed, though in reality, masks did little to prevent the spread of flu. They were also uncomfortable and inconvenient, and the public would not tolerate them for long. Even officials showed a less than vigilant attitude when the mayor, a city supervisor, a Superior Court judge, a congressman and a rear admiral were photographed at a prizefight sans their protective masks. And there were those who claimed the act was an unconstitutional attack on personal freedom:If the Board of Health can force people to wear masks, said the San Francisco Chronicle,then it can force them to submit to inoculations, or any experiment or indignity.
Doctors searched desperately for a cure, or at least a stop-gap measure. But they were on the wrong track. Conventional wisdom held that the flu was caused by bacteria; vaccines to fight bacterial infections, however, had no effect on the disease. (Flu was not identified as a virus until 1933.) The epidemic was a crushing blow to medical science, which had only recently come to be seen as a professional discipline.
Government agencies fared no better. Surgeon General Rupert Blue, head of the U.S. Public Health Service, was aware that an outbreak of flu was possible. But in July 1918, he denied a request for $10,000 to be dedicated to pneumonia research, and he made no other preparations. Blue's first public warning came in mid-September and included such tips asAvoid tight clothes, tight shoes, tight gloves — seek to make nature your ally not your prisoner andHelp by choosing and chewing your food well. Congress appropriated $1 million in emergency funding for USPHS; Blue eventually returned $115,000 to the government.
Worse still, the government contributed to the national paranoia surrounding all things German. The USPHS officer for northeastern Mississippi planted stories in the local papers thatthe Hun resorts to unwanted murder of innocent noncombatants….He has [at]tempted to spread sickness and death thru germs, and has done so in authenticated cases. Lieutenant Colonel Philip Doane, head of the Health and Sanitation Section of the Emergency Fleet Corporation, which oversaw U.S. shipyards, theorized that U-boats had delivered German spies to Americato turn loose Spanish influenza germs in a theatre or some other place where large numbers of persons are assembled. So persistent was the belief that Germany had somehow launched a biological attack that USPHS laboratories devoted precious time to investigating claims that Bayer aspirin, which was manufactured in the States under a German-held patent, had been laced with deadly flu germs.
"Let the curse be called the German plague, declared The New York Times in October.Let every child learn to associate what is accursed with the word German not in the spirit of hate but in the spirit of contempt born of the hateful truth which Germany has proved herself to be.
Over There
The death toll mounted at home through September and October even as President Woodrow Wilson was faced with General Pershing's demands for more soldiers. Through the summer, Americans were being sent to Europe at the rate of 250,000 a month. But flu was running rampant on troopships, and those who survived the interminable voyage simply spread the disease to frontline staging areas. Wilson was urged by several advisers not to dispatch additional troops until the epidemic had been contained. The president consulted with his chief of staff General Peyton March, who conceded that conditions on the overseas transports were hardly ideal. He would not, however, concede anything that might stand in the way of winning the war.Every such soldier who has died [on a troopship], said March,just as surely played his part as his comrade who died in France. Wilson relented. The transports continued.
Wilson had won a second term in 1916 because he had kept the United States out of the war. Once war was declared in 1917, however, he could not afford to waver in his commitment to seeing the conflict through to Allied victory. To shore up public support, Wilson created the Committee on Public Information a week after declaring war on Germany. (One of its lasting contributions was the Uncle SamI want you recruiting poster.) The CPI's news division issued thousands of press releases and syndicated features about the war that made their way, often unedited, into newspapers across the country. The CPI also had a pictorial publicity division, an advertising division and a film division. In short, it used every possible media source to influence public opinion.
Wilson's zeal for advancing democratic ideals abroad was secured by his willingness to suppress them at home. Dissent was not tolerated. Under the 1917 Espionage Act, roundly criticized as being unconstitutional, Socialist leaders Eugene Debs and Victor Berger were sentenced to a combined 30 years in prison for their antiwar protests. The act also gave the postmaster general the right to determine what constituted unpatriotic or subversive reading material and ban it from the U.S. mail. The Justice Department authorized the 200,000 members of a volunteer group called the American Protective League to report on suspected spies,slackers who didn't buy war bonds and anyone who voiced opposition to the government.
In this hyper-patriotic atmosphere, fighting the flu came second to winning the war. Public officials, and the public itself, downplayed the seriousness of the silent enemy within and focused on the more tangible enemies of a nation at war. The Germans could be defeated on the battlefield overseas and by surveillance at home. Nothing could stop a disease that immobilized great cities for weeks and carried off hundreds of thousands in the prime of life.
And then, it was over. By the end of 1918, deaths from flu and pneumonia nationwide had subsided greatly, and a third wave in the spring of 1919 left far fewer casualties in its wake.In light of our knowledge of influenza and the way it works, explained Dr. Shirley Fannin, an epidemiologist and current director of disease control for Los Angeles County, Calif.,we do understand that it probably ran out of fuel. It ran out of people who were susceptible.
Those who survived their exposure to the flu developed immunity to the disease, but not to its lasting consequences. William Maxwell, writer and longtime editor at The New Yorker, was a 10-year-old in Lincoln, Ill., when the flu struck his family, killing his mother.I realized for the first time, and forever, that we were not safe. We were not beyond harm, he remembered eight decades later.From that time on there was a sadness, which had not existed before, a deep down sadness that never quite went away….Terrible things could happen — to anybody.
For all the advances in medical science, it is still not clear where the 1918 virus originated, or why it took such a toll on healthy young adults. Flu viruses are extremely adaptable. According to the National Institutes of Health, one new strain of flu appeared in humans between the Hong Kong flu outbreak in 1969 (the last flu pandemic) and 1977. Between 1997 and 2004, five new strains appeared.
Modern researchers agree that it is probably impossible to prevent an outbreak of flu, but it is possible to prepare for one — if the public, health officials and government agencies can agree on a plan of action. Today, as in 1918, a global conflict demands an ever-increasing amount of resources. The government has enacted extraordinary measures in the name of national security. And a public health crisis of the magnitude of the 1918 epidemic is almost incomprehensible. After all, it's only the flu.
This article was written by Christine M. Kreiser and originally published in the December 2006 issue of American History Magazine.For more great articles, subscribe to American History magazine today!
23 Responses to 1918 Spanish Influenza Outbreak: The Enemy Within
My father, Robert Courtot, was at the Great Lakes Naval Station during the Flu Epidemic. He was discharged and sent home to Cincinnati Ohio. Would he have been sent home to keep him from getting the Flu. Did they do that for the sailors?
Thank You
I would like to know about my grandmother, Clara Oblas, who died in 1918 during the influena attack. She was 31 years old.
She had four sons. One of the sons was my father. How were
they spared?
the flu had a strange patern and spared the lives of most children
Great site! I am a little afraid with the swine influenza going around at the moment. Hopefully it get's contained and controlled.
I found this reading interesting.They do say history repeats its self.Now with the medical knowledge and technology I think everyone will be fine,thats just how the media is and puts people in a state of fear. IF EVERYONE REMEMBERS TO WASH THEIR HANDS AND KEEP DOWN GERMS!!!!!! Everything will be fine
This is a fascinating article and reminds me how severe our viruses can become. However, to be frank, I am very displeased with how the article is written. No citations, no quotation marks where they are needed, and punctuation is a mess. Where are you getting your information and quotes from? As someone who is constantly writing research papers I can not believe this was published without these basic writing skills. Not to devalue the topic itself, but I believe as a credible source this paper needs these basic things.
Nice post but I need to know more about green
My grandpa was in his early teens in 1918. Two of his sisters and one brother died from the Spanish Flu. His oldest brother was in World War One stationed in France when he died. I know that many in the military died as a result of the flu, and I wonder if that's not what killed him?
i thought the artical was written very poorly. However, it gave me a lot of info for tthe story i am writing. All over all, okay:)
Just fix your gramer next time.
~ Book worm
Irony: Advising that they should fix their "gramer" next time…
Wouldn't that be "grammar" ??
This article is boring, nothing caught my eye
I thought it was pretty interesting and usually non-fiction articles make me really bored. It also helped me a lot with a question I had for a keynote project. Good work!
This has been a great help with my US history ! quarter 3 report on WW1 time period. i mean i have looked up alot on the flu and this is the most helpful site i have been to
As informative as it is, I have to agree with some of the other comments that it is disturbingly devoid of citations and quotes and exhibits a distressing amount of mosaic plagiarism. Because of these things, I can't use one bit of it as part of my own research, which I find disappointing.
This wouldn't even be a "D" paper in a college course so I can't understand why it was run by American History magazine. Very confusing!
this was intersting to me i thought it would be boring but i read it and want to learn more about it !
This article never addressed the cause of the so-called 1918 'Spanish' Flu pandemic, which was largely due to aspirin, vaccines, misdiagnosis and vitamin deficiencies.
What is the thesis of this article?
[…] If you want more information about the Spanish flu, I recommend reading this article. […]
[…] they proved uncomfortable and many felt that such a demand violated people's freedoms. The head of the U.S. Public Health Service, aware that a flu outbreak was possible, was not willing to […]
It really helped me y'know?
[…] do the job as well or better, but this credential is no guarantee of effectiveness in such a role. In the middle of the global Spanish flu epidemic, Surgeon General Rupert Blue, head of the U.S. Public Health Service, although aware that an […]
helped with my project


text:
Through the darkness, I can see your light.
And, you will always shine.
I can feel your heart is mine,
Your face I've memorized.
I look up to everything you are,
In my eyes, You Do No Wrong.
I've loved you for so long.
You walk past me; I can feel your pain.
Time changes everything.
But, one truth always stays the same.
You're still you - after all - you're still you.
And, I believe in you, although you never asked me to.
I will remember you, and what life put you through.
And, in this cruel and lonely world. I have found one love.
You're still you - after all - you're still you.
What are you doing, the rest of your life?
North and South, and East and West of your life?
I have only one request of your life,
That you spend it all, with me.
Those tomorrows, waitintg deep in your eyes,
In the world of Love, you keep in your soul.
I'll awaken what's asleep in your Heart,
It may take a kiss or two.
Through all your life,
Summer, Winter, Spring and Fall, of your life.
All I ever will recall of my life,
Is all of my Life With You!
© Copyright 2017 seven. All rights reserved.
Status: Finished
Genre: Poetry
Poem / Romance
Poem / Romance
Paste the link to picture in the entry below:
Paste the link to Youtube video in the following entry:
Cannot annotate a non-flat selection. Make sure your selection starts and ends within the same node.
An annotation cannot contain another annotation.
There was an error uploading your file.


text:
After a terrific tour of England, India now move on to the Caribbean to take part in a tri-series with the home team and the Lankans. It's amazing to see how many times India has played Sri Lanka in the recent years, but the best part is they have dominated them throughout.
More Columns
Sri Lanka were suffocated in the recent semifinal on a cold day in Cardiff and they will have to play out of their skins to get past this team in completely different conditions in the Caribbean. India have looked a great unit in the recent past and will look forward to carry the momentum in the next 6 months as well and this will be the real test of the team.


text:
Science & Medicine, Natural Sciences, Society & CultureFollow
|Science & Medicine
|Natural Sciences
Deep in the back of your mind, you've always had the feeling that there's something strange about reality. There is. Join Robert, Joe and Christian as they examine neurological quandaries, cosmic mysteries, evolutionary marvels and our transhuman future on Stuff To Blow Your Mind, a podcast from HowStuffWorks.com.
April 18th, 2013
Episode 365 of 797 episodes
We all love Mary Roach, so in this episode Robert and Julie invite the "Stiff" author on the show to chat about her latest book "Gulp: Adventures on the Alimentary Canal." Plus she'll answer listener questions and discuss how to eat with your butt.
You'll need to sign in to write a comment.
Welcome to the daily audio workout for your head.


text:
Tropical Fish Keeping - Aquarium fish care and resources (http://www.tropicalfishkeeping.com/forum.php)
- Freshwater Aquarium Equipment (http://www.tropicalfishkeeping.com/freshwater-aquarium-equipment/)
- - no bubbles (http://www.tropicalfishkeeping.com/freshwater-aquarium-equipment/no-bubbles-4687/)
no bubbles
ive recently given my largest tank and overhaul ive removed the bogwood which was making the water the color of tea and during moving some of the decor i stiired up the sand but no gas bubbles came out and very little dirt ,are the bubbles of gas a good sign? in other words do they indicate that the proper biological processes are taking place?
Bubbles just indicate your sand is lacking air passages making most areas anaerobic.
a good thing? sweeet
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Dean of Bradford
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Not to be confused with the Dean of Bradford, Wiltshire, in the diocese of Salisbury.
The Dean of Bradford is the head and chair of the chapter of canons, the ruling body of Bradford Cathedral. The dean and chapter are based at the Cathedral Church of St Peter in Bradford. Before 2000 the post was designated as a provost, which was then the equivalent of a dean at most English cathedrals. The cathedral is one of three co-equal mother churches of the Diocese of Leeds and a seat of the Bishop of Leeds; until 2014 it was the mother church of the now-defunct Diocese of Bradford and as such the seat of the diocesan Bishop of Bradford. The current dean is Jerry Lepine.
List of deans[edit]
- ^ [diocese/index.php?PageID=sstaff Bradford Diocese – Senior Staff]
- ^ St Paul's Cathedral – Appointment of Ison as Dean


text:
- Author: Ian Whybrow
- Format:Paperback
- Publisher:Pan Macmillan
- Published:04 March 2011
Sorry, there are currently no sellers for this product.
Product description
- Edition: Illustrated ed
- Total Pages: 24
- Genre: Picture books
- Illustrations: 24 colour illustrations
Are you ready with your roars? Let's say hello to the dinosaurs! Go wild with this baby T Rex and all his dinosaur friends. Young children will love to stroke their bumpy scales and join in calling out their noises: Swish! Kaaark! Roar! Bright and colourful, with tactile coral frosting on every page, this is sure to appeal to any young dinosaur fan.
Author's Biography
Ian Whybrow is a hugely popular and bestselling children's author, with over 100 books to his name. Among his many successful picture books for Macmillan are BELLA GETS HER SKATES ON (978-1-4050-8926-5), THE CHRISTMAS BEAR (978-1-4050-5310-5) and the four previous SAY HELLO TO THE ANIMALS! books. Tim Warnes's engaging animal characters and bold use of colour are wonderfully child-friendly. In addition to his previous work for Macmillan, SAY HELLO TO THE ANIMALS! (978-1-4050-2160-9), Tim has illustrated many successful picture books for Little Tiger Press.


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Originally posted by Inactive UserNot to add to anything already but....
I just got my burgundy og script hoodie in the mail from ccs today. i ordered a small becasue the medium NY CITY hoodie was waaay too big.
the og script was fucking tight as hell on the waist and so much smaller than the medium. i just wasted $90. thanks.
Chill bro, quit hating. Just go buy another one.


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ST. PAUL, Minn., Aug. 11, 2016 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- A new study by the Minnesota Hospital Association (MHA) found that nearly one in five days mental health patients spend admitted to inpatient community hospital psychiatric units is potentially avoidable. "Potentially avoidable days" are days that mental health patients spent admitted to the hospital when they would more appropriately have been treated in a different care setting.
The first-of-its-kind study tracked de-identified mental health patients admitted to inpatient psychiatric units at 20 participating hospitals and health systems throughout Minnesota between March 15 and April 30, 2016. Of the 32,520 total mental health bed days in all participating hospitals, 6,052 – or 19 percent – were identified as potentially avoidable. This number translates to approximately 48,000 potentially avoidable days in a year in just 20 of Minnesota's 147 hospitals.
While some individual hospitals or health systems maintained their own data and others had anecdotal information, MHA's research was a deliberate process to identify and quantify barriers to accessing mental health care in Minnesota. No current robust statewide data on potentially avoidable days previously existed.
"Mental illnesses affect us all. Behind these numbers are patients and families who are not getting the care they need in the right place at the right time," said Dr. Rahul Koranne, MHA's chief medical officer. "On any given day, 134 patients across these 20 hospitals could have been more appropriately served in a different care setting. Bottlenecks exist throughout the mental health care delivery system, resulting in patients remaining in community hospitals for extended periods of time – which in turn means that hospital beds are unavailable to others in the community experiencing mental health crises."
The study identified 26 reasons why potentially avoidable days occurred. These reasons can be grouped into two main categories:
The most frequently cited reasons for potentially avoidable days were lack of beds at state-operated Community Behavioral Health Hospitals (CBHHs), chemical dependency treatment facilities, Intensive Residential Treatment Services (IRTS) and Anoka Metro Regional Treatment Center (AMRTC).
"Minnesota's hospitals and health systems believe every Minnesotan deserves access to safe, effective and affordable care to treat mental illnesses. Our study provides better data to inform regional and statewide conversations about mental health service delivery and the state resources needed to effectively serve Minnesota communities," said Koranne. "This is a shared community responsibility. Hospitals and health systems are committed to working with stakeholders including the state, the Department of Human Services, counties and other community partners like mental health advocates and local law enforcement to make a difference for patients and families."
The following 20 hospitals and health systems participated in the study:
The full report is available on MHA's website: www.mnhospitals.org/policy-advocacy/priority-issues/mental-health.
The Minnesota Hospital Association represents 137 hospitals and health systems, which provide quality care for their patients and meet the needs of their communities.
Logo - http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20130307/MM73437LOGO
To view the original version on PR Newswire, visit:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/nearly-1-in-5-mental-health-bed-days-in-minnesota-hospitals-is-potentially-avoidable-300312451.html
SOURCE Minnesota Hospital Association


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Likely to sell out
Philly Cheesesteak Tour and Tastings by Segway
Duration: 2.5 hours
If you're a foodie and want to try a Segway tour join this guided ride through South Philly in search of the city's best cheesesteak. See the Italian…
PhiladelphiaSee all 45 tickets & tours
Want to discover all there is to do in Society Hill? Click here for a full list.


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please show the question paper of class 9th on 2010
– umair, 6 August 2009
Oh my God! I am so sad that I will never be able to read more than three novels by this wonderful author. I picked up the first book because of the catchy title and the fact he was Swedish, as was my mother. I quickly finished it and searched for his second novel. I have not been moved by a novel in many years as I have been with The Girl With the Dragon Tatoo, and The Girl Who Played With Fire is just as promising. What a wonderful heroine! I will miss her.
Karen Zuege, 5 August 2009
– Karen Zuege, 5 August 2009
I read in the newspapers that the revenues of the books etc. will only go to the father and brother of Larssons, the woman with he lived 30 years will not get any money!!!
– Wim Bosdijk, 5 August 2009
The third book is in hardback only. Check Amazon.
– Tony, Newcastle/Tyne, 5 August 2009
Anyone know can you order the third book in English or has it not actually been translated yet? Loved the first two, Lisbeth Salander is one freeeeeaky lady…
– Laura, Ireland, 4 August 2009
Actually, it's not a trilogy as such; the author had planned 10 books in this series but he died having only completed three. That's why the third book doesn't really finish the story and you're left with a ravaging withdrawal symptom.
– t.kerry, 4 August 2009
yesterday i finished the third book. Funny for the American friends that in Italy we already have the translation….by the way now i'm lost….amazing trilogy! ciao!
– simone, 4 August 2009
– , 4 August 2009
well, since it's a trilogy, there is little sense in having a fourth book. i haven't read the 3rd book, but if stieg larsson is as consistent as he is good, then all stories will be told by the end of the 3rd book. hence, a trilogy.
i'm still hoping that the characters, especially lisbeth salander, will "move on" to another series.
– esther widiasih, 3 August 2009
how to get my hands on book #3 in USA as soon as it is translated
– frances gensberg, 3 August 2009


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Whoa, Mama: Unique Gift Ideas for Single Mothers
By Erin Donnelly
Think Santa has a tough gig, squeezing down the world's chimneys at breakneck speed, micro-managing a team of elves, and spending a good chunk of his time staring at reindeer butts? Try being a single mom. They work just as hard as Ol' Saint Nick, only they don't get 364 days off a year and there certainly aren't any milk and cookies laid out. With that in mind, we're urging you to toast the flying-solo mamas in your life—even if it's, in fact, you—with our special Single Mother Gift Guide. Grab something to help make a loved one's life just a little less hectic, or treat your single-mom self to a little "me time" gift-giving. You've totally earned it.
Life Savers: Life-Simplifying Gifts
Every single mother—heck, pretty much every human being—could use a gift that streamlines, de-stresses, and simplifies our life. Help your pal stay organized and on top of her myriad PTA meetings, doctor appointments, and soccer games with Kate Spade's playfully designed desk calendar, or a floral-printed WeekDate planner, which tracks recurring commitments.
Another great gift idea: treat her to a gift certificate to a kid-friendly restaurant or a gift card to Dream Dinners, which cuts down on kitchen and grocery shopping time by assembling the ingredients for tasty, seasonal dishes perfect for families.
Speaking of food, a digital DaysAgo kitchen tool—a certified Oprah pick—is a clever gadget that any mom will love; affix the digital clock to leftovers, baby food, meats, etc. to keep track of its freshness (or not so freshness).
Finally, we all know single moms are short on personal time. And if you happen to be short on funds, there's one gift you can give that will keep everyone happy: the gift of your babysitting services. (Bring the new Wall-E DVD and some chicken nuggets and everything will work out just fine.)
Single Parent Reads
Want to give your loved one something to read besides "Goodnight, Moon"? Pay for a subscription ($19.99) to Single Parent Magazine, a bimonthly publication that addresses the issues that single parents face.
Another page-turner: Life in Beauty by Kate Porter, a single mother who seeks to find the pure beauty in life's experiences.
Gifts that Give Back
Why not give a gift that you can both feel great about? Charity Choice gift cards are perfect for budding philanthropists—you buy the card, and the recipient can select up to three different charities (from a list of 100) to donate the amount to.
Add some fun to the mix with the DivaGirl Game, a fabulous girls-night-out party game that donates a portion of every sale to women's and children's charities like Camp Laurel and Home Makers.
We also love the You Are My Inspiration pay-it-forward gift offering from the Step Up Women's Network. Buy an "Inspiration Gift" ($50 and up) in honor of an amazing woman in your life, and you'll both receive a gorgeous Isabella Bijoux necklace, while an underprivileged teen girl in the Step Up program receives a gift (a digital camera, money towards a college visit, etc.) in your pal's honor.
Know a new mom? Snag her some Dr. Bloom's Chewable Jewels, eye-catching baubles that are safe for teething babies to gnaw on.
The finishing touch: a Kids Helping Kids gift card from MAC Cosmetics, an adorable set of illustrated cards that benefit children living with HIV and AIDS.
Pampered Presents
Just want to shower a single mom with love? You can't go wrong with a stunning and sentimental Etched Four-Photo Locket from Things Remembered, or an incredibly indulgent Italian-inspired beauty gift set (a bargain at $25) from La Dolce Diva—almond biscotti or tiramisu, anyone?
Or, splurge on a beyond-relaxing Jimmyjane Form 6 Vibrating Massager, a waterproof wand designed to work the kinks out.
If that doesn't do the trick, snuggling up to an irresistibly soft Max Daniel Adult Throw—available in a slew of sassy animal prints—surely will.
And jewelry buffs on the hunt for something unique will fall hard for the nature-inspired, sustainable pieces from Prismera Designs. Our favorite: the cheerful, stainless steel leaf motif of the Woodruff Necklace. What mom—or woman, for that matter—wouldn't love that?
Other Great SMW Gift Ideas
Holiday Gifts for Staff and Boss


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Comback Chair
Written by Katie on May 8, 2013. Permalink
It feels like this chair was on the wait list forever, and now, finally, at last it's available to purchase here in the US. Before, we linked to the UK retailer Utility, but now Hivemodern carries all three versions: 4 leg, Swivel, and Sled base. The Comback chair is Patricia Urquiola's updated version of the classic Windsor chair, with a single mold plastic form for functionality and bright colors to make it thoroughly modern.
Purchase Information:Price: $540.00 - 720.00
Available from: Hivemodern


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Today I look back over the last 16 years and consider the best money management tips I've picked up. Enjoy
Today I look back over the last 16 years and consider the best money management tips I've picked up. Enjoy
Yesterday I was lucky enough to watch a presentation from a client and friend of Optix who has taken his business from a couple of million turnover to 30+ in just 6-7 years. Oh and the best bit – he only has around 40 staff. He talked about his meteoric growth and the lessons they learnt along the way. Some of the stories were gob smacking to say the least.
I live to learn from people like this. I think anyone who can't sit and soak in that kind of information is missing such a trick. If you get the chance to talk to people who've 'been there, done that' take it with open arms, you'll learn so much.
One thing that shone through from his presentation was the need to be transparent and honest in business. He particularly referenced his relationship with his bank manager which I thought was interesting. If anything goes financially wrong in his business he explains it straight away to their bank and similarly, he shares good news too. He feels strongly that this honest and transparent relationship means that when it comes to needing help then everyone knows the score and he's more likely to get it. I can see his logic and while I have a great relationship with my bank manager, its probably not as solid as his is – something I've taken away to work on.
If you make a mistake, own up. Face it down and deal with it. Sticking your head in the sand or trying to hide something or worse hoping no one finds out will lead you down a dark path, one where you're bound to be found out and everything will look worse on you if you choose that route.
If you're starting in business make it your mantra, if you've been going a while, perhaps you need to revisit your thoughts on this and make sure your team(s) sing from the same sheet. My team at Optix know my feelings on being transparent and see-through. I believe in this digitally connected world, there is no place for business with dirty laundry.
photo courtesy of Urbanshoregirl
Now Your Thoughts
Right now – Here's my first post on Finance. To be honest with you, it probably should have been earlier because of the importance of it, but hey lets face it, finance isn't the easiest/most enjoyable subject to blog about.
OK, in any business there are lots of different things you need to consider about your finances – most importantly your 'cash flow', 'profit and loss' and 'balance sheets'. In my opinion, especially as a fledgling business there is no more important metric than cash flow. Why I hear you ask? Quite simply because if your business has no cash flow, then you cannot survive for very long. As the recession looms on its very difficult to loan money from traditional places like the Banks, so cash really is vital to how long you can stick around for. You could have the best product, with the best profit margins, but if you are not getting the money in then you may as well forget it. I think I'll deal with getting money in on a separate post as that's pretty important too – lets save that one for another day.
OK so cash flow is, as you would expect, the measure of cash coming into and out of your business. It will help you forecast your performance and assist in making important decisions over whether you need to or even can invest in certain things to push your business forward. Any business owner without a healthy understanding of cash flow or how to keep track of your own is, in my opinion destined for problems.
So lets break down how to measure your cash flow. If you haven't set up a cash flow forecast then I strongly suggest you open up a spreadsheet now and create one with me. I'm now going to help you do this step by step. Obviously you can go into a lot of detail breaking down income and outgoings to suit your business type, but I will give you the basics so that you have a good base to expand on. At this stage I would also like to dedicate this post to Jamie our business mentor who taught me everything I know about cash flow and forecasting.
So now you have your spreadsheet open the first thing to do is to make a note of the year and horizontally across the top of the page put the months of that year. I measure our cash flow on our financial year (in our case its August to July) as this helps us work out averages for the year when we have completed that fiscal period. Down the left hand side of the months, (in a separate column) you can then set up invoiced values and perhaps break this down by services or products you offer. Under the month you're currently in, you can then start to record details on money you've actually invoiced (Important *This is money invoiced NOT received). Add in a row at the bottom of this that sums the values above it to give you total invoiced value for that month (Sales Delivered). Now below that create a row called 'Cash Inflows'. While you're forecasting (i.e. the data is not real yet) I advise that you create a cell equation that automatically puts the SUM of the sales values for the current month in 2 whole months later for the cash inflows row (when forecasting this allows for the time difference between invoicing and people actually paying you). This is important because as I mention earlier in the post it doesn't matter how much you invoice, if you don't get the money in quickly enough. Obviously when you complete an actual month you can put real values into this 'cash inflows' column.
So you've now got rows of sales values and cash inflow. You may wish to separate these easily with a heading, in a way that suits you, such as INCOMINGS.
Now we're onto OUTGOINGS which again you might wish to title.
I find it handy to break down our outgoings by Variable and Fixed costs. So for variables I would have rows for things like (you may have more than these):
Then list your overheads or fixed costs – This will include things like:
Again, consider your business and which costs are important to you. I find it helpful to have a few more rows at the bottom of the spreadsheet for other costs such as:
It is probably wise to have a contingency row as well which i generally set between 1-5% of all costs above.
At the very bottom of the spreadsheet you should then sum the OUTGOINGS. Finally, create a row which subtracts the outgoings from the in-comings to give you your cash flow for that month.
You should also sum up the accumulation of the years INCOMINGS and OUTGOINGS down the right hand side of the spreadsheet, so you can get a grasp on how the year as a whole looks. This is especially useful when you have a good amount of actual data and want to see a snapshot of your business in any one year. Having a row at the bottom of the cash flow, with actual bank balance figures, will allow you to predict, based on changes in in-comings and outgoings, what effect decisions will have on your available cash. For example, you can easily put in another persons wages and see how this affects the coming year, or perhaps plan what would happen if you were able to increase your sales by 10%. THIS IS THE REAL POWER OF A WELL STRUCTURED CASH FLOW FORECAST.
As you move through the year, make sure you update the cash flow from budget (forecasting) figures to actual figures. I find that when forecasting you can use averages for the rest of the year. The more actual data you have, the easier this will be.
Now you have your cash flow setup you need to make sure you review it regularly. We review ours monthly, so we have a really good idea where we are at all times. Please make sure you update and review this as regularly as possible or there is no point doing it. You'll probably find that if you are the one updating it (as I was in the early days of our business) it helps you have a fantastic grasp on your finances, but you may have other people to show and account to and this is a great way of doing this.
I cannot tell you just how important cash flow is and although not the most interesting of posts, I'd urge you to do this today if you haven't done so already and get a better grasp on your business.
I have uploaded a sample cash flow forecast for you to look at and check whether you've followed the instructions above correctly. If you click on the image below it will load a larger version of this sample. Have Fun
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An Economic History of the United States Since 1783 (Economic History)By: Peter D. A. Jones (author)Hardback
More than 4 weeks availability
DescriptionFirst Published in 2005. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
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About AuthorPETER d'ALROY JONES is a Yorkshire-man, and he took Honours in Politics and Modern History at the University of Manchester, and his M.A. thesis was completed in the Department of American Studies, in the field of economic and social history. He also did research at the London School of Economics and, as a Belgian Government Research Scholar, at the Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
ContentsCONTENTS Preface vii Part One. growth and crisis of the sectional struggle (1783-1861) I Emergence of a Nation 3 II The Westward Movement and Agriculture 14 III Industry and Labour 32 IV Internal Improvements 44 V Trade and Finance 56 VI The Crisis: Civil War 76 Part Two. emergence of american capitalism (1861-1917) VII Industry and Combination 97 VIII The Westward Movement and Agriculture 119 IX Agrarian Unrest and Labour 136 X Immigration and Transportation 154 XI Trade and Finance 167 XII Social Criticism and Reform 190 Part Three. america and the world economy (since 1917) XIII War and Prosperity 209 XIV Slump and New Deal 229 Epilogue: America and World Power 255 Note 263 Index 265
Product Details
- publication date: 11/03/2005
- Format: Hardback
- Number Of Pages: 296
- weight: 566
Delivery Information
- Saver Delivery: Yes
- 1st Class Delivery: Yes
- Courier Delivery: Yes
- Store Delivery: Yes


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100 percent non-smoking facility. Ramada Limited Windsor is just 0.5 miles from Windsor Airport and 7 miles from Casino/Night Clubs/Downtown Area in Southern Ontario. Ramada Limited Windsor is ideally situated in newly the developed South Windsor which now includes numerous restaurants, stores and Silver city Movie Complex. Windsor Outlet Mall and Devonshire Mall are just 3 miles away, while Cobo Hall is only 15 miles away. The hotel offers Free Continental Breakfast, Seasonal Outdoor Pool , Free Parking , Free Wired and Wireless High-Speed Internet , Jacuzzi Rooms , Corporate Traveler Rooms with Mini Bar Fridges. Microwave/Fridge available. The hotel is a perfect location for day trips exploring such areas as Leamington, Lake Erie, Lake Michigan, Detroit and all its shopping, Stratford Festival, Shaw Festival, and London. Whether you are crossing the US border for business, or vacationing in Southern Ontario, the Ramada Limited Windsor has Dining on-site and a Free Continental Breakfast and should be your next convenient destination for a one night stop over, or a leisurely few days home base!
Amenities· Accessible facilities
· Accessible parking
· Adjoining rooms
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· Air conditioning
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· Closets in room
· Coffee/Tea maker
· Complimentary continental breakfast
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· Conference facilities
· Cribs
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· Desk with lamp
· Free high speed internet connection
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· High speed internet access
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· Ice machine
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· Motorcycle parking
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text:
Supporting local and regional
sustainable energy actions
Download this publication from: www.cler.org/predac/article.php3?id_article=477
Document type : catalogue
Author(s) : Anke Weidlich, Elena Manolakaki , Francesco Ciampa,
Consortium : CLER (France), IDEC(Greece), ENEA (Italy)
Publisher : CLER
Place of publication : France
Date of publication : August 2003
Number of pages : 176
Language : English
Notes : This book has been published with the support of the European Commission and ADEME (French Agency for Environment and Energy Management)
Abstract : This booklet is the first training list concerning sustainable energy in Europe. It gives an overview of the existing training offer in the field of renewable energies for each of the 15 European member-States of the European Union. Each offer includes references of the institution, target group, tuition cost, duration and contacts. This catalogue of study and trainings courses is a very useful tool for professionals and for all public interested in the development of renewable energies. This booklet is realised within the framework of the european project called PREDAC. This document has been conceived by a working group specialised on the "Trainings and employment in Renewable Energies" thematic.
The objectives of this project are :


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Recent Articles
|How Churches Can Protect Themselves From Overcharges
How can churches protect themselves from overcharges on credit cards or monthly expenses?
Monthly Expenses
Our church recently had to install a new heating and air conditioning unit. That hurt! This was thousands of dollars more than our maintenance budget and emergency budget had in them…combined! Apparently, we dropped the ball on the maintenance side to save a few dollars and ended up paying for it big time. The new unit doesn't need as much maintenance but if we had included a few dollars a month to maintaining the old one, perhaps it would still be here today. We should have planned better and so we started making an inventory of our monthly expenses to see where we were borrowing trouble by neglecting church's facilities. After that wakeup call, we started looking at how much our monthly expenses were and then looked for ways to help stabilize them or bring them down but also to plan for "major expenses" ahead of time. Perhaps the roof is shot, the plumbing leaks, or the electricity has issues. Every home would do well to follow an inventory of their monthly expenses, but so too would a church. We found a couple of duplications in our inventory of expenses and were able to save money right away but we also avoided a big problem with our plumbing. It actually saved our church money to do monthly facilities checks and keep track of our expenses.
|Read more...
|Why Does A Church Need Bylaws?
Why does a church need to have policies and bylaws?
The Author of Order
I was once asked why some churches require membership and why churches have policies, procedures, and bylaws. There are several reasons for this. For one thing, "God is not a God of confusion but of peace. As in all the churches of the saints" (1st Cor 14:33) and that "everything should be done in a fitting and orderly way" (1st Cor 14:40), so there must be order in how things are run at the church. Can you imagine everyone speaking at the same time during a board meeting? What about during services, Sunday school or Bible study? How could anyone ever learn anything if there wasn't a prescribed order of events or proper sequences of events during the operations of church business and worship services? The importance of a church having order and a good constitution consisting of policies, procedures, and bylaws would be obvious if the church had none of these. Chaos would rule and just like the time of the Judges in Israel, every man would do what seemed right in his own eyes (Judges 21:25).
|Read more...
|Why Every Christian Should Share The Gospel
Why every Christian should actively share their faith.
A Christ-Centered Church
I heard an old pastor once say; "We can never bring people into the church unless we bring Christ into the church" and I would add, we can never bring people to Christ if we don't talk about Christ. As the Apostle Paul observed, "How then will they call on him in whom they have not believed? And how are they to believe in him of whom they have never heard? And how are they to hear without someone preaching" (Rom 10:14) but Paul wasn't talking about an ordained minister. He was writing this letter to the Romans and telling them that they will never call upon Him to be saved if they never hear about Whom they are to call upon! You want to have a person reach the point where they ask "Who is he [Jesus], sir?" "the man asked. "Tell me so that I may believe in him" (John 9:36)." The man told us what we need to do; "tell [them] so that [they] may believe in him."
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|Why We Need The Church
Why do Christians need the church? Is church irrelevant today?
Not a Solo Act
Have we outlived the usefulness of the church? Is the church that Jesus built still relevant in this post-modern world? The truth is that that are no solo Christians in the entire New Testament church. Instead, we find believers are always in community with one another in every single case (Acts 2:42-27). For those who reject the church, which Jesus instituted to exist forever and of which, not even the gates of hell can prevail against it (Matt 16:18), what is a person's basis for rejecting the church? Yes, some churches that don't preach the whole counsel of God may be irrelevant to God and to mankind but the biblical preaching of every church doing so is never irrelevant because the power to save is within the gospel itself (Rom 1:16). Even so, some have said that they don't need church, but really, the church needs them. There are dozens of "one another's" in the New Testament showing that we are called into the fellowship of the saints. There are no "Lone Ranger" Christian's in the first century church. The model of the first century church was this; "And they devoted themselves to the apostles' teaching and the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and the prayers" (Acts 2:42) "And all who believed were together and had all things in common. And they were selling their possessions and belongings and distributing the proceeds to all, as any had need" (Acts 2:44-45) and they were "attending the temple together and breaking bread in their homes, they received their food with glad and generous hearts, praising God and having favor with all the people" and as a result, "the Lord added to their number day by day those who were being saved" (Acts 2:46-47). How can churchless Christians do such things when sitting at home?
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|How Churches Can Create Their Own Bible Studies
Here's how you can create and personalize your own Bible studies or Sunday school lessons for your own church.
In the Book of Acts we see a pattern that the church used in the first century as it says "And they devoted themselves to the apostles' teaching and the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and the prayers" (Acts 2:42) but what was the apostle's teachings or doctrine? It was those things that Jesus taught them and which He commanded them to teach others (Matt 28:19-20) but we still have the "apostle's teachings" with us today. They come in the form of the New Testament. A few years ago our church decided to create our own Bible studies and Sunday school lessons from the Scriptures themselves. The only thing we did was to copy and paste the scriptures and put the questions "who, what, when, where, why, and how" to them.
|Read more...


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American Scrambled Eggs
|1⁄4 Teaspoon
|1 Dash (Few Grains)
|Shredded american cheese
|1⁄4 Cup (4 tbs)
|1 1⁄2 Tablespoon
1. Beat eggs, salt, pepper and cheese with a fork until just blended.
2. Melt butter in a 1-quart glass casserole in microwave oven (15 seconds at HIGH). Pour egg mixture into casserole. Cook uncovered 3 to 4 minutes at HIGH, or until eggs are almost set; stir twice during cooking.
3. Remove from oven; stir and allow to stand covered a few minutes before serving.
Recipe Summary
Rate It
Nutrition Rank
Nutrition Facts
Serving size: Complete recipe
Calories 582 Calories from Fat 418
% Daily Value*
Total Fat 47 g72.4%
Saturated Fat 23.2 g115.8%
Trans Fat 0 g
Cholesterol 921.7 mg307.2%
Sodium 1246.7 mg51.9%
Total Carbohydrates 3 g1%
Dietary Fiber 0.01 g0.04%
Sugars 1.8 g
Protein 37 g74.7%
Vitamin A 33.5% Vitamin C
Calcium 45.8% Iron 21.9%
*Based on a 2000 Calorie diet


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Maroney, Edelman, Moss Miss Practice
By: Ian Logue
The team released their first injury report of the year on Wednesday, and the news of the day came from some of the big names who didn't practice, with wide receivers Julian Edelman (foot) and Randy Moss (illness) both held out of practice, as was runningback Laurence Maroney (thigh).
As usual Tom Brady made the list with his perrenial "shoulder" injury. It's worth noting that Terence Wheatley was held out, and according to published reports he was seen wearing a boot on his injured foot. If that's the case it's doubtful we'll see him this weekend.
In the meantime here's the full list per the team's release:
CB Kyle Arrington (groin)
DT Ron Brace (ankle)
QB Tom Brady (right shoulder)
LB Jermaine Cunningham (ankle)
DE Brandon Deaderick (toe)
TE Aaron Hernandez (knee)
DE Myron Pryor (knee)
WR Matt Slater (hamstring)
WR Julian Edelman (foot)
T Nick Kaczur (back)
RB Laurence Maroney (thigh)
WR Randy Moss (illness)
CB Terence Wheatley (foot)
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