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Is Sumich Plumbing & Drainage incorrect or missing key business information? Update your Hotfrog listing today.
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Sumich Plumbing and Drainage Ltd was originally formed in 1991 by the Managing Director Chris Sumich to provide a professional plumbing, gas fitting, drainage and roofing service to the domestic and commercial sectors of Auckland including Waitakere encompassing all of West Auckland, East Auckland, North Shore and South Auckland.Sumich Plumbing and Drainage Ltd are registered members of the Master Plumbers Association. Currently Chris Sumich is the Vice President of the Auckland Master Plumbers Association and our head office is in Waitakere City West Auckland.
Sumich Plumbing now offers Free Quotes and a wide range of Plumbing and Drainage services to the West, East, North and South Auckland area including ...
Plumbing, Gas Fitting, Drainage, Backflow, Roofing, Spouting, Solar, Heat Pump, Airconditioning, Fire Sprinklers and Underfloor Heating.
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32 Waipareira Avenue Henderson Waitakere Auckland 0610
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111A Atkinson Road Titirangi Waitakere Auckland 0604
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Sunderland Health Authority parking
Parking Space on Marina Avenue, SR6
Parking Space on Athol Grove, SR3
Driveway on Harelaw Drive, SR6
Driveway on Clockstand Close, SR6
Driveway on Nettleham Road, SR5
Driveway on Newburn Avenue, SR5
Parking Space on Euston Court, SR5
Information about parking near Sunderland Health Authority
Looking for parking near Sunderland Health Authority? You've come to the right place! Parking's what we do best - and we have a handy selection of 250 spaces conveniently located just a stone's throw from the hospital entrance.
Hospital parking can be a nightmare. Not only are spaces in limited supply, but it's often incredibly overpriced too . Plus you always run the risk of getting a ticket for overstaying, and no one wants that - especially after visiting hospital.
We think hospital trips are stressful enough without the added pain of finding a parking space that isn't a rip-off. That's why we offer a cheaper, hassle-free alternative to hospital car parks- in fact, you can reserve your very own guaranteed parking space near Sunderland Health Authority for just £3.00. Not bad, eh?
With JustPark, you'll never be late to an appointment at because of parking problems ever again. And you'll certainly never be punished with a parking fine for being late back to your car. If you overstay with us, you just pay a bit more at the same rate to cover the extra time.
We're taking the pain out of parking for 1 million drivers across the UK. But don't just take our word for it - check out our latest customer reviews for Sunderland Health Authority parking below:
"Did exactly what it said on the tin!" — Driveway on Nettleham Road, SR5
"Very simple, very easy." — Driveway on Clockstand Close, SR6
None of our delicious JustPark spaces tickle your fancy? Don't worry - we've got your back. There are plenty of other parking options available near Sunderland Health Authority - here's the best of the rest:
Off-Street Parking
Here's a selection of nearby off-street parking options:
|Sunderland City Council
|£0.90 / hour
|8am - 6pm,
Mon - Sat
|Apcoa Parking (UK) Ltd
|£1.10 / hour
|7am - 6pm,
Mon - Sat
|Bridges Roof Top
|Land Securities Properties Limited
|£1.10 / hour
|8am - 6pm,
Mon - Sat
|St Mary's
|Sunderland City Council
|£1.10 / hour
|8am - 6pm,
Mon - Sat
|Whitburn Bents
|South Tyneside Council
|£0.10 / 10 minutes
|12am - 11pm,
Mon - Sun
On-Street Parking
Here's a selection of nearby on-street parking options:
|Max Stay
|Castledene Shopping Centre, Peterlee
|£0.75 / hour
|7 hours
|Spanish Battery Car Park, Tynemouth
|£1.20 / hour
|11 hours
|Low Lights Car Park, North Shields
|£1.20 / hour
|11 hours
|Sea View Car Park, Tynemouth
|£1.20 / hour
|11 hours
|Sea Banks, Tynemouth
|£1.20 / hour
|11 hours
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You can now book any one of our 200,000+ JustPark spaces on the move with our mobile app - available for both iPhone and Android. View parking options, pay for a space and get directions - all with just a few taps of your phone.
Nearby Hospitals
- Sunderland Health Authority 0 miles away
- Deneside Medical Centre 0.58 miles away
- Allen Carr 1.25 miles away
- Cherry Knowle Hospital 2.4 miles away
- Ryhope General Hospital 2.45 miles away

subset: commoncrawl


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Lacan and the Limits of LanguageBy: Charles Shepherdson (author)Hardback
1 - 2 weeks availability
DescriptionThis book weaves together three themes at the intersection of Jacques Lacan and the philosophical tradition. The first is the question of time and memory. How do these problems call for a revision of LacanGCOs purported GCGBPahistoricism,GC[yen] and how does the temporality of the subject in Lacan intersect with the questions of temporality initiated by Heidegger and then developed by contemporary French philosophy? The second question concerns the status of the body in Lacanian theory, especially in connection with emotion and affect, which Lacanian theory is commonly thought to ignore, but which the concept of jouissance was developed to address. Finally, it aims to explore, beyond the strict limits of Lacanian theory, possible points of intersection between psychoanalysis and other domains, including questions of race, biology, and evolutionary theory. By stressing the question of affect, the book shows how LacanGCOs position cannot be reduced to the structuralist models he nevertheless draws upon, and thus how the problem of the body may be understood as a formation that marks the limits of language. Exploring the anthropological category of GCGBPraceGC[yen] within a broadly evolutionary perspective, it shows how LacanGCOs elaboration of the GCGBPimaginaryGC[yen] and the GCGBPsymbolicGC[yen] might allow us to explain human physiological diversity without reducing it to a cultural or linguistic construction or allowing GCGBPraceGC[yen] to remain as a traditional biological category. Here again the questions of history and temporality are paramount, and open the possibility for a genuine dialogue between psychoanalysis and biology. Finally, the book engages literary texts. Antigone, OvidGCOs Metamorphoses, Hamlet, and even Wordsworth become the muses who oblige psychoanalysis and philosophy to listen once again to the provocations of poetry, which always disrupts our familiar notions of time and memory, of history and bodily or affective experience, and of subjectivity itself.
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About AuthorCHARLES SHEPHERDSON is Professor of English at the University at Albany, State University of New York. He is the author of Vital Signs: Nature, Culture, Psychoanalysis andThe Epoch of the Body.
Product Details
- publication date: 14/03/2008
- Format: Hardback
- Number Of Pages: 272
- weight: 457
Delivery Information
- Saver Delivery: Yes
- 1st Class Delivery: Yes
- Courier Delivery: Yes
- Store Delivery: Yes


text:
Machine-made Charcoal briquette Production Line
Machine-made Charcoal Production Line Equipment
Application and Characteristic
The machine is to use woodiness materials such as sawdust, rice husk, peanut shell (don't add any binder), in a certain temperature, the extrusion machine presses sawdust into cylindrical solid rods for the main equipment. The machine adopts temperature control indicator, can operate under the set temperature stability, and has reasonable structure, simple operation and maintenance etc. By this machine production of solid fuel rods is on fire easily, high calorific value (compared with general timber increased by more than 20%), less fuel pollutant, than big convenient for storage and transportation. To take full advantage of agriculture and forestry residues, reduce the contradiction of our country's agriculture, forestry and energy tension.
Woodiness material inherent characteristic, through extrusion, wood raw material lignin in plasticizing make fine fiber combination, form a rod-shaped solid fuel.
Procedure: Crusher for raw material--------Drum Dryer--------Charcoal Briquette Machine-------- Carbonization Stove
Equipment Details and Specification:
1 Woodchips Crusher
2 Hot Airflow Dryer (Small-Scale)
3 Machine-made Charcoal Briquette Machine
4 Round Spontaneous combustion type Carbonization furnace
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|FTM Sand Crusher/ Gravel Material Crusher/Sand Maker
|卖方: Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd
|FTM Sand Crusher/ Gravel Material Crusher/Sand Maker
|卖方: Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd


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Three-run first propels Clippers past Bisons 3-2
Pestano makes Triple-A debut in win
COLUMBUS- The Columbus Clippers defeated the Buffalo Bisons 3-2 Wednesday night by taking advantage of an early lead made in the first inning. Columbus' pitching staff was what shined Wednesday night though with a win, two holds, and a save to show for it.
The Clippers offense came into the first inning hot, jumping on Buffalo starter Chien-Ming Wang. Tim Fedroff led off drawing a walk, followed by a single to right field courtesy of shortstop Ryan Rohlinger. Jeremy Hermida flew out to left field for the first out of the inning. Chun-Hsiu Chen succeeded Hermida coming up with a single ground ball to left field, bringing in Fedroff to score, then proceeded to second on the throw to home.
Second baseman Juan Diaz took the plate next sending a grounder into center field. Rohlinger went into home scoring Columbus' second run, and was followed by Chen who was picked off on the attempt to score.
The Clippers weren't done yet, with two outs Matt Carson smacked a ball deep to right field for a double, Diaz made the run home to score the third and last run of the inning.
The Clippers bats never did get hot again, with only two hits after the first inning.
Manager Chris Tremie talked about his offense saying, "It was a good start, I mean getting three runs in the first inning always helps obviously. It would have been nice to add on to that."
After the first inning Columbus was unable to gain ground against Wang, who continued to pitch until the eighth inning.
Tremie said of the opposing team's starting arm, "To give him credit he settled down and really pitched a solid game."
Starter T.J. House started on the mound for the Clippers, earning his fourth win of the season. House held the Bisons through the fourth inning, allowing only three hits and striking out three batters. Buffalo showed signs of life in the fourth loading the bases with one out, but left all three runners stranded with help from the Columbus offense.
Buffalo began a slight comeback in the fifth leading off with a home run against House, but ended the inning after the three following at bats.
House faltered again in the sixth inning giving up two singles, with one of them resulting in the Bison's second run.
Newcomer to Columbus Vinnie Pestano took over the mound in the seventh inning, sending House back to the dugout. Pestano preserved the Clippers' lead, giving up one walk and striking out one.
Preston Guilmet entered the game in the eighth, followed by Nick Hagadone in the ninth. Hagadone was thrown into a high pressure situation after the Bisons hit two singles, both followed with stolen bases. This resulted in runners on third and second with two outs. Hagadone was unfazed by the position he was in and ended the inning with a third strikeout.
"Hags (Hagadone) you know that's a pressure situation right there that he handled very well," Tremie said.
Pestano and Guilmet were both gifted with hold and Hagadone received his third save of the season for the second half effort.
Wednesday night's win split the series with Buffalo 1-1, with two games remaining. Both teams will return to Huntington Park Thursday where Trevor Bauer (5-3, 3.73) and Ricky Romero (2-5, 6.01) will face off.
Follow Adrienne on Twitter @yo_adrienneee, or she can be reached by email at firstname.lastname@example.com


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I love turning a typically "daytime" piece into something unexpected and wearable for going out at night. These Tucker Floral-Print Georgette Pants ($299) would look just as pretty with a white blouse and blazer for the office as it would with a fitted tank and leather jacket for the bar.
— Britt Stephens


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The concept of the developmental origins of health and disease susceptibility is rapidly attracting interest and gaining prominence as a complementary approach to understanding the causation of many complex common disorders that confer a major burden of disease; however several important issues and questions remain to be addressed, particularly in the context of humans.
In this review we enunciate some of these questions and issues, review empirical evidence primarily from our own recent studies on prenatal stress and stress biology, and discuss putative maternal–placental–fetal endocrine and immune/inflammatory candidate mechanisms that may underlie and mediate short-term and long-term effects of prenatal stress on the developing human embryo and fetus, with a specific focus on body composition, metabolic function, and obesity risk.
The implications for research and clinical practice are discussed with a summary of recent advances in noninvasive methods to characterize fetal, newborn, infant, and child developmental and health-related processes that, when coupled with available state-of-the-art statistical modeling approaches for longitudinal, repeated measures time series analysis, now afford unprecedented opportunities to explore and uncover the developmental origins of human health and disease.
The origins of health and disease susceptibility for many complex, common disorders that confer a major burden of disease in developed societies and other societies in rapid transition, including but not limited to body composition, metabolic function, and obesity risk, can be traced back to the intrauterine period of life. Development is a plastic process, wherein a range of different phenotypes can be expressed from a given genotype. The unfolding of all developmental processes across the multicontoured landscape from genotype to phenotype is context-dependent, wherein the developing embryo/fetus responds to, or is acted upon by, conditions in the internal or external environment during sensitive periods of cellular proliferation, differentiation, and maturation, resulting in structural and functional changes in cells, tissues, and organ systems. These changes may, in turn, either independently or through interactions with subsequent developmental processes and environments, have short-term and/or long-term consequences for health and disease susceptibility. These concepts have variously been referred to as the fetal or developmental origins of health and disease [1].
With respect to developmental programming specifically during fetal life some important issues currently being addressed include identification of salient intrauterine conditions; exposition of structural and functional changes produced in response to or by these intrauterine exposures; detection of critical time periods during gestation when intrauterine conditions exert their greatest impact; determination of the nature of the exposure-outcome relationship (whether a threshold, or a linear, dose-dependent, or a J-shaped or U-shaped function); elucidation of the underlying physiological mechanisms by which intrauterine exposures produce their programming effects; clarification of whether the long-term health effects are necessarily mediated by unfavorable birth outcomes; and amplification of the role of subsequent postnatal conditions in either potentiating or mitigating effects of earlier intrauterine exposures.
Over the past several years the UC Irvine Development, Health, and Disease Research Program has examined the interface between biological, behavioral, and social processes in human pregnancy, with a focus on the impact of maternal psychosocial stress and stress biology on fetal development, birth outcomes, and subsequent newborn, infant, and child developmental and health outcomes. Findings from our studies converge to suggest that after accounting for the effects of other established sociodemographic and obstetric risk factors, maternal psychosocial stress exposure is significantly and independently associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes related to the length of gestation (preterm birth) and fetal growth [low birth weight/small-for-gestational age (SGA) birth] [2–5]. Our studies also suggest that the effects of maternal psychosocial stress are mediated, in part, by stress-related alterations in maternal–placental–fetal (MPF) endocrine and immune processes [6–9]. Ongoing work in this area addresses the role of maternal–fetal gene–environment interactions, with a focus on candidate genes implicated in the regulation of key enzyme systems, steroid hormones and other peptides that regulate fetal development and birth outcomes. Other studies address the role of mitochondrial genetic variation, and the biobehavioral basis for the well documented racial/ethnic disparities and the Hispanic acculturation paradox in reproductive health outcomes. The significance of this area of research derives from the well established fact that adverse birth outcomes represent the major problem in maternal-child health in the USA and other developed and developing nations [10].
A more recent set of studies, described below, has extended our research agenda to the long-term effects of prenatal psychosocial stress exposure on adult physiology and health. A large number of studies of fetal programming have focused on the critical role of prenatal and perinatal nutrition and have produced important findings and insights (reviewed in [11•]). Based on the consideration that key environmental conditions that have shaped evolutionary selection include not only a variation in the amount and constituents of energy substrate availability and utilization (nutrition) but also conditions and challenges that may impact the physical integrity and survival of living organisms (stress), we and others have proposed that prenatal stress exposure likely represents yet another important adverse intrauterine environment that may impact the anatomy and physiology of the developing organism, with important implications for the developmental programming of health outcomes and disease susceptibility [12]. Moreover, emerging evidence supports a bi-directional interaction between nutrition and stress, such that the consequences on target tissues of either one are moderated by the other [13–17]. Last, we submit the application of a prenatal stress perspective which offers an excellent model system for the study of early development because it is increasingly apparent that the developing fetus acquires and incorporates information about the nature of its environment in part via the same systems that in an already-developed individual mediate adaptation and central and peripheral responses to endogenous and exogenous challenges [12] (see conceptual framework in Fig. 1).
Our studies are designed to address the primary question of elucidating the long-term health effects in adult human offspring of exposure to maternal psychosocial stress during pregnancy. Other corollaries addressed include whether these long-term effects are independent from those of other established obstetric, newborn, and childhood risk factors; whether the effects are outcome specific, or whether they influence a range of outcomes; and whether the effects are necessarily mediated by unfavorable birth outcomes. Experimental studies in animals suggest maternal exposure to psychosocial stress during gestation can independently exert long-term effects simultaneously on several central and peripheral systems in the offspring, and that titration of the prenatal stress exposure dose can produce significant long-term effects without altering the birth phenotype [18–22]. However, only a very small number of studies have addressed these questions in humans.
As a first step to addressing these questions, we employed a retrospective case–control design in a sample of healthy young adults born to mothers with healthy pregnancies. One half of the study population of young adults was born to mothers who had experienced a major stressful life event during the index pregnancy (prenatal stress group), whereas the other half was a sociodemographically matched population with no history of maternal exposure to prenatal stress (comparison group). We selected a study population of younger as opposed to older adults in order to focus on predisease markers of physiological dysregulation of metabolic, endocrine and immune systems as early predictors of disease susceptibility. The potential effects of other established obstetric, newborn, and childhood risk factors on adult health were controlled using a stringent set of exclusionary criteria. Maternal and child medical records were obtained and screened to exclude presence of any maternal acute or chronic diseases, obstetric complications (e.g., gestational diabetes, hypertension/preeclampsia, infection), unhealthy behaviors (smoking), adverse birth outcomes (preterm birth, low birth weight), newborn complications, and history of any major childhood or current diseases (obesity, diabetes, asthma, and adverse neuro-developmental or psychiatric conditions). Study assessments were performed to quantify health and physiological markers of disease risk, including body composition and glucose-insulin metabolism (BMI and percentage fat mass; basal and postoral glucose tolerance test levels of glucose, insulin, leptin, adiponectin; fasting lipid profile), endocrine function (basal and post-behavioral/pharmacological stress levels of pituitary– adrenal stress hormones, chronobiological regulation of adrenal function, and assessment of HPA-axis feedback sensitivity), immune function [immune cell trafficking and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated production of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory and TH1/TH2 cytokines], and cognitive function (working memory under basal and hydrocortisone conditions). Because subtle physiological differences in disease susceptibility are often not detected in basal state we employed appropriate challenge tests to quantify the function of these systems under stimulated conditions (e.g., oral glucose challenge, ACTH stimulation test, LPS-stimulated immune responses).
Our results indicated that the young adults exposed during intrauterine life to maternal psychosocial stress consistently exhibited significant dysregulation of all these key physiological parameters, thereby placing them at increased risk for developing clinical disorders. Specifically, individuals in the prenatal stress group exhibited higher BMI and percentage body fat, primary insulin resistance, and a lipid profile consistent with the metabolic syndrome [23], see Fig. 2; altered immune function with a TH2 shift in the TH1/TH2 balance (consistent with increased risk of asthma and autoimmune disorders [24]); altered endocrine function, with an increased adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and reduced Cortisol levels during pharmacological and psychological stimulation paradigms (consistent with the high-risk endocrine profile exhibited by individuals exposed to early life abuse [25]); and impaired prefrontal cortex (PFC)-related cognitive performance (impairments in working memory performance after hydrocortisone administration) [26]. Consistent with the finding on cognitive function are results from one of our other recent prospective, longitudinal studies on the long-term effects of prenatal stress (anxiety) on child brain morphology. After excluding cases with low birth weight and adjusting for total gray matter volume, age, gestational age at birth, handedness and postpartum stress, maternal pregnancy-specific anxiety in mid-gestation was associated with gray matter volume reductions in several child brain regions, including the prefrontal cortex [27].
Taken together, our findings suggest that in-utero exposure to prenatal psychosocial stress may confer increased long-term risk of a range of negative physiological and cognitive health outcomes in humans; these effects are independent from those of other established obstetric and childhood risk factors; and these long-term effects are not necessarily mediated by unfavorable birth outcomes. It is noteworthy that our above-described finding on body composition is consistent with a more recent report in a large, national cohort sample linking prepregnancy and prenatal stress exposure related to maternal bereavement to risk of childhood overweight [28], and our finding on immune function is consistent with another recent report linking prenatal maternal anxiety with infant illnesses and antibiotic use [29].
The fetal programming hypothesis has led to the search for underlying mechanisms by which disparate intrauterine insults exert a multitude of effects on different physiological systems in the developing offspring. A question of further interest relates to whether these biological mechanisms are outcome specific, or whether there may be some common mechanisms that influence a range of disparate outcomes. We suggest that stress-related maternal–placental–fetal endocrine and immune processes in gestation constitute an attractive underlying common candidate mechanism because they are responsive to many classes of intrauterine perturbations and they act on multiple targets of fetal programming [12]. Unlike exposure to toxins and teratogens, it is important to appreciate that maternal–placental–fetal hormones and cytokines play an essential and obligatory role in orchestrating key events underlying cellular growth, replication and differentiation in the brain and peripheral tissues [30–35]. Thus, perturbations in the level and/or time of exposure of these biologic effectors are likely to produce alterations of normal structure and function. It also is important to appreciate that the state of pregnancy itself produces major and progressive alterations in the function of these systems, and that these changes may have important implications for altering the responsivity of these systems to exogenous or endogenous perturbations.
Pregnancy produces major alterations in neuroendocrine and immune function, including changes in hormone and cytokine levels and control mechanisms (feedback loops), that are crucial in providing a favorable environment within the uterus and fetal compartment for growth, differentiation, and maturation and conveying signals when the fetus is ready for extrauterine life. Starting very early in gestation the placenta, the first fetal organ to develop and function, produces hormones, neuropeptides, growth factors, and cytokines, and appears to function in a manner resembling that of compressed hypothalamic–pituitary–target systems [36,37]. Glucocorticoid physiology (Cortisol in humans) has received extensive and well placed consideration as a critical endocrine mediator of fetal programming, with an emphasis on not only hormone production but also hormone action mediated by tissue-specific glucocorticoid receptor expression, sensitivity and affinity, and by maternal–fetal transfer mediated by the activity of the placental 11β-hydroxysteriod dehydrogenase enzyme system (see [38••] for a recent review). Less well recognized is the potential and perhaps equally important role of the peptide corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH). In primates, but not other mammals, the placenta synthesizes and releases CRH in large amounts into the fetal and maternal circulations. In contrast to the inhibitory influence on hypothalamic CRH production, Cortisol stimulates placental CRH production [39], and this positive feedback loop results in a progressive amplification of CRH and Cortisol production over the course of gestation [40]. With respect to the immune axis, a major endeavor of pregnancy-related alterations in immune function is to achieve and maintain the optimal balance between tolerating the fetal semi-allograft while not suppressing maternal immune responses to an extent that increases maternal or fetal susceptibility to infection. Thus, a generalized reduction of maternal immune responsiveness occurs during pregnancy, mediated by hormonal changes (e.g., increased levels of progesterone), trophoblast expression of key immunomodulatory molecules, and a progressive switch from a TH1/TH2 balance to a predominantly T-helper 2-type pattern of cytokines [41•].
Substantial evidence in nonpregnant humans and animals demonstrates that stress exposure produces activation of the neuroendocrine system (e.g., HPA axis) and exaggerated inflammatory responses [42,43]; however, these associations cannot be assumed to also be present in the pregnant state because the above-described changes in endocrine and immune physiology have consequences for attenuating the responsivity of these systems to stress. With respect to prenatal psychosocial stress-related biological pathways, some of our earlier studies were among the first to demonstrate that despite the large pregnancy-associated changes in maternal endocrine physiology, the system is responsive to maternal psychosocial states (such as high stress and low social support) [6]. Our more recent studies on maternal stress responses in human pregnancy are among the first to demonstrate that maternal psychophysiological stress responses are progressively attenuated with advancing gestation [44•], and that after accounting for the effects of other established risk factors, the degree of attenuation is a significant predictor of shortened length of gestation and earlier delivery [45].
Studies by other groups have reported that elevated psychosocial stress in pregnant women is associated with higher circulating levels of inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein (CRP) and the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1b, IL-6, and TNF-α, with lower circulating levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and ex-vivo endotoxin (LPS)-stimulated levels of IL-1b and IL-6 [46,47]. Another recent study of proinflammatory responses to an in-vivo antigen challenge (influenza virus vaccination) in pregnant women reported an association between depressive symptoms and sensitization of the inflammatory cytokine responses [48].
In addition to psychosocial stress, substantial in-vitro and in-vivo evidence indicates that maternal–placental–fetal endocrine and immune processes during pregnancy respond to a variety of other maternal and intrauterine perturbations, including biological effectors of stress [7,49–53], obstetric risk conditions such as preeclampsia, pregnancy-induced hypertension [54–67], gestational diabetes [68,69], infection [54–56,70], reduced uteroplacental blood flow [57,58], and behavioral factors such as the constituents of maternal diet, over nutrition and under nutrition, and smoking [59–67].
Based on these findings, it is apparent that measures of maternal–fetal endocrine and immune/inflammatory stress markers capture physiological responses to a wide range of intrauterine perturbations including, but not limited to prenatal stress. In accordance with our suggestion that stress-related maternal–placental–fetal endocrine and immune processes in gestation constitute an attractive candidate mechanism for fetal programming, a recent JAMA editorial [71] on an article reporting an increase in the prevalence of several categories of chronic illness in childhood, including obesity, asthma, and ADHD [72], speculates there may be common early risks underlying these conditions that are triggering development of aberrant physiologic pathways. The editorial suggests that adverse early experiences that affect stress-sensitive physiologic systems (endocrine/metabolic, immune) may contribute to not only the onset of childhood illness but also predispose the same individuals to develop age-related diseases as adults.
Continuing with the theme of a common underlying biological mechanism, in this section we address the issue of the potential impact of prenatal stress biology on multiple targets of fetal programming. We consider here, as an example, phenotypic outcomes related to body composition, metabolic function, and obesity risk.
Obesity (or, to be more precise, adiposity) is recognized as one of the most serious health problems in the USA and other societies. At the individual level, obesity results when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure. However, the relationship between excess energy intake and adiposity is not linear and monotonic; there is a wide variation among children or adults at identical levels of excess energy intake in their propensity to gain weight and accrue fat mass. This variation across individuals defines susceptibility for developing obesity/adiposity. Once an individual becomes obese, it is difficult to lose weight, and even more difficult to sustain weight loss, because of the remarkable efficiency of energy balance homeostasis mechanisms [73,74••]. For these reasons, it is important to gain a better understanding of the origins of individual differences in the propensity for weight and fat mass gain, in order to predict obesity risk and develop strategies for primary prevention [74••].
It is well established that the primary targets of programming of body composition, metabolic function, and obesity risk are the neural networks that regulate energy balance (appetite, feeding, and basal energy expenditure) and peripheral organs and tissues involved in fat synthesis/breakdown, storage, and metabolic function (adipocyte, liver, and pancreas). In this section, we consider and review findings that pertain to the potential role of prenatal stress biology in programming these major targets of interest.
Stress-related endocrine and immune processes in human pregnancy are associated with not only fetal development and birth outcomes but also with later disease risk. For example, we have reported that placental CRH concentrations in human pregnancy significantly predict the rate of fetal growth and size at birth [8], which, in turn, is a significant predictor of childhood and adult adiposity [75–77]. Other researchers have found a positive association between CRH levels in pregnancy and an increase in central adiposity [78] and alterations in adiponectin levels in 3-year-old children [79••]. Yet others have reported a positive association between maternal levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in pregnancy and neonatal adiposity [80].
The central role of ventromedial hypothalamic (VMH) circuits in regulating feeding and energy balance is well established. VMH neurons contain receptors for and receive afferent signals related to fat stores (leptin), nutrient metabolism (insulin), hunger (ghrelin), and satiety (peptide YY), and they integrate peripheral signals of effectors of food intake and energy expenditure so as to prevent substantial variations in the level of energy balance [81]. Also involved in the regulation of appetite and food intake are brain regions that make food intake rewarding (limbic structures), and higher cortical structures (e.g., prefrontal cortex) that are important for learned patterns of eating behavior and executive control [82]. A growing body of literature suggests that intrauterine perturbations can produce reorganization of these neural pathways that regulate energy intake and expenditure in ways that enhance the development of obesity. Several studies have convincingly demonstrated that biological (endocrine, immune) stress during gestation, triggered by a variety of nutritional, inflammatory, vascular, behavioral, or psychosocial perturbations, can promote obesity in the offspring by reorganizing central neural pathways through programming of energy balance 'set points' (see [83••] for recent review). One key system involved in the regulation of energy balance is the hypothalamic (CRH)–pituitary (ACTH)–adrenal (Cortisol) neuroendocrine stress axis, which forms a network of neuronal pathways capable of interacting with brain circuits controlling energy balance [84]. For instance, the adipogenic hormone leptin which is the afferent loop informing the hypothalamus about the states of fat stores, participates in the expression of hypothalamic CRH, interacts at the adrenal with ACTH, and is regulated by Cortisol. Cortisol increases leptin secretion and limits CNS leptin-induced efferents [85].
Obesity is impacted by increases in fat cell number, size, or both. Fetal adipose tissue development is regulated by the complex interaction of maternal, endocrine, and paracrine influences that initiate specific changes in angiogenesis, adipogenesis, and metabolism [86]. Adipogenesis, the process of adipocyte development from mesenchymal stem cell precursors, occurs primarily during late fetal and early postnatal life in humans, and the number of adipocytes is relatively fixed after young adulthood [86–88], supporting the notion that fetal and early postnatal periods are crucial windows in the development of adipose depots. Adipogenesis is highly sensitive to the intrauterine biological environment, in particular to concentrations of insulin-like growth factors, glucose, insulin, and glucocorticoids [86,87]. In addition, CRH seems to be an important regulator of adipocyte function, and CRH receptors are expressed in both white and brown adipocytes [89]. The role of cytokines as regulators of adipose tissue metabolism is well established. Proinflammatory cytokines are elevated in obese individuals, and they seem to modulate leptin secretion from adipocytes [90]. Furthermore, animal studies have shown that fat cells exposed to an excess substrate supply during crucial windows in their development have an increased capacity for storing lipid in postnatal life [91,92]. This enhanced lipogenic capacity renders these individuals more likely to store excess energy in the form of fat and increases their susceptibility to weight gain and obesity and its metabolic sequelae. In individuals exposed to low nutrition levels before birth, adipocyte development is initially sacrificed in favor of 'essential' organs [93,94]. If an in-utero 'restricted' individual is born into a postnatal environment in which nutrient supply is no longer constrained, a period of 'catch-up' fat deposition ensues, mainly in the visceral adipose depot [95]. These individuals are at increased risk of visceral obesity [77] and, consequently, to the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes [96].
The liver controls the production and fate of metabolic fuels through the action of hepatic enzymes. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), a key enzyme in hepatic gluconeogenesis, is under potent glucocorticoid regulation. In animals, prenatal exposure to dexamethasone produces an increased expression of hepatic glucocorticoid receptors as well as increased levels and activity of PEPCK [97], thereby predisposing these animals to glucose intolerance later in life. Furthermore, manipulation of diet during pregnancy is associated with epigenetic changes in the promotor regions of the genes encoding PPARα and the glucocortiocid receptors in the liver in offspring after birth, thereby altering their metabolic phenotype [98,99]. Insulin is produced by the beta cells in the pancreas in response to elevated blood glucose levels. Increased glucocorticoid exposure and malnutrition during fetal development have the potential to permanently reduce the pancreatic beta cell mass and lower pancreatic insulin content, thereby increasing the risk for metabolic disease later in life (reviewed in [100•]).
Although weight and body composition are highly heritable, known genes account for only a modest proportion of their variance [101–103]. Genetic makeup alone cannot explain the rapid increase in obesity prevalence in the population because the genetic characteristics of the human population have not changed in the last three decades, but the prevalence of obesity has tripled during that time [104]. Estimates of maternal transmission of heritability are stronger than those for paternal transmission, which argues in favor of intrauterine effects and/or mitochondrial DNA effects. Moreover, the strongest genetic associations seem to vary as a function of the environment (e.g., effects are seen at specific times but not other times in the life cycle). These observations suggest that gene–environment interactions are particularly relevant in the context of the obesity phenotype. Interestingly, a variant in the gene encoding the glucocorticoid receptor has been associated with increased body fatness in children [105], and we and others have described the association of the same variant with altered physiological stress responses [106]. Potential epigenetic mechanisms are areas of great interest in this context. A detailed review of epigenetics is beyond the scope of the current paper, and we have elaborated on this issue elsewhere [107•,108].
By incorporating the developmental programming approach into the traditional paradigm of causation of complex common health disorders, the focus shifts to placing a far greater emphasis on the health and well being of young women of reproductive age prior to conception and across gestation, in order to more effectively address health and disease risk-related issues in their offspring from infancy and childhood through adolescence and into adult life. A multilevel approach is required, including molecular and cellular studies, the use of appropriate animal models, and well designed human studies. In the context of human research, opportunities are limited for experimental manipulations of prenatal stress and the intrauterine environment, and for access to many of the target tissues of interest, particularly in fetal life. The value of prospective, longitudinal, follow-up studies, ideally starting before conception, and extending through pregnancy and birth into childhood and beyond, is emphasized. For these studies, deployment of state-of-the art methods, including 3D/4D fetal ultrasonography for quantification of fetal growth (biometry), regional blood flow (uterine, umbilical, cerebral, hepatic and renal [109,110]), volume and growth trajectory of organs (placenta, brain, liver, kidneys, adrenals) [111,112], and body composition (arm, thigh and visceral fat/lean mass [113•, 114]), coupled with reliable assessments in newborns, infants, and children of body composition [with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or dual energy X-ray absorptiometry; DXA] and energy expenditure [total energy expenditure using the doubly labeled water method (DLW), and resting metabolic state using the indirect calorimetry approach], will move the field forward in an informed manner. Furthermore, recent advances in imaging techniques will likely enable the developments of protocols in infants and children for subcutaneous and visceral fat quantification (especially intrahepatic fat) [115•], and characterization of and differentiation between white and brown adipose tissue [116••]. These observational studies, in conjunction with parallel molecular studies including studies of human placental, multipotent (stromal) stem cells, and adipose tissue culture systems [117••], and coupled with state-of-the-art statistical modeling techniques for parametric and nonparametric repeated measures, time-series data [118–121], will contribute to further defining technical capabilities in this field.
Regarding clinical implications, it is apparent that current approaches to the prevention and management of obesity and associated metabolic disorders have yielded only very limited success. Once an individual becomes obese, it is difficult to lose weight, and even more difficult to sustain weight loss [73,74••]; systematic studies of the efficacy of current weight loss programs has provide the sobering statistic that approximately 80–90% of obese people who have lost weight regain it within 1 year [122–124]. Clearly, it is critical to adopt a developmental framework in order to arrive at a better understanding of the origins of individual differences in the propensity for weight and fat mass gain, and to develop and test hypotheses that set the stage for translational research to inform the subsequent development of primary intervention strategies before an individual becomes overweight or obese, or secondary interventions to increase the likelihood of a favorable and more sustained response to weight-loss strategies.
Based on the conceptual framework and empirical findings presented here, we suggest that prenatal stress exposure may represent an important consideration in arriving at a better understanding of developmental programming of health and disease susceptibility. Moreover, we submit that stress-related maternal–placental–fetal endocrine and immune processes in human gestation represent a potentially attractive underlying candidate mechanism for elucidating the common biological basis (pathway) for mediating not only the long-term effects of prenatal stress but also those of a host of other intrauterine perturbations that have been implicated in this area.
Preparation of this manuscript was supported, in part, by US PHS (NIH) grants RO1 HD-06028 and PO1 HD-047609 to PDW and RO1 HD-065825 to SE.
Papers of particular interest, published within the annual period of review, have been highlighted as:
• of special interest
•• of outstanding interest
Additional references related to this topic can also be found in the Current World Literature section in this issue (p. 569).
PubMed Central Canada is a service of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) working in partnership with the National Research Council's national science library in cooperation with the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the U.S. National Library of Medicine(NCBI/NLM). It includes content provided to the PubMed Central International archive by participating publishers.


text:
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Fashion designer Peter Jensen welcomes his Fall/Winter Collection with a new installation at premier London retailer Dover Street Market. Following a theme inspired by Greenland, which his new collection is based off, the showcase incorporates an iceberg silhouette surrounded by a gang of penguins. This new installation also features assistance from photographer Tim Walker with whom Jensen has collaborated on a selection of apparel items in the past as well as for Fall/Winter 2009.
Source: SHOWstudio


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The ECO has reported extensively on biodiversity; all relevant articles are listed alphabetically in the bottom section of this page.
- 1 What is biodiversity?
- 2 The ECO's reporting on biodiversity in Ontario
What is biodiversity?
Biological diversity or biodiversity can be understood simply as the variety of life on Earth. It is the variability of native species and the wealth of ecological systems, of which they are a part, forming a layer of life around the planet known as the biosphere. The biosphere has been described as uniting the innumerable plants, animals, and microbes physically and chemically with the atmosphere, geosphere and hydrosphere into one massive ecological system within which millions of species thrive.
Ontario's biological diversity
Ontario is an ecologically diverse region of Canada, stretching from the northern Arctic tundra on the shores of Hudson Bay to the remnants of Carolinian forest bordering the southern Great Lakes. This extensive range of landforms and climates has created habitat for more than 2,900 species of vascular plants, 160 species of fish, 80 species of amphibians and reptiles, 400 species of birds and 85 species of mammals. This rich tapestry of life, including the diverse ecosystems and landscapes that support these species, forms the biological diversity of Ontario.
Threats to biodiversity
Humans are part of the natural environment, but we — as a species — are also causing significant damage to it. The loss of biodiversity is a global problem and it is acknowledged as one of the most critical environmental issues facing the planet. The most significant threats are habitat alteration and loss, climate change, invasive alien species, overexploitation, and pollution.
Biodiversity has intrinsic and inherent value. Yet, it also is the foundation upon which human well-being depends for the services that the natural environment provides. Biodiversity is inextricably linked with the quality of the air we breathe, the water we drink, the fertile soils we depend upon for our food, and the lands upon which we depend for our natural resources. Thought of another way, biodiversity is about our rivers and lakes, our forests and wetlands, the songbirds we see in our backyards, and even those animals, like woodland caribou or wolves, that live in remote wilderness areas.
The ECO's reporting on biodiversity in Ontario
Beginning with our 2001/2002 Annual Report, the ECO began a concerted effort to highlight the conservation of Ontario's biodiversity as a key issue. The ECO firmly believes that the conservation of biodiversity is one of the most pressing issues of our time and the Ontario government has the responsibility to take action. While the ECO has reported on many topics that affect Ontario's biodiversity, the following articles chronologically follow the ECO's commentary:
2012/2013 Annual Report
The ECO reviewed Biodiversity: It's in Our Nature, Ontario Government Plan to Conserve Biodiversity 2012-2020, Ontario's biodiversity conservation plan. The ECO praised the plan, but recommended that each of the 16 ministries identified in the plan develop an implementation plan by 2014 in order to ensure that the actions and goals identified are fulfilled.
Read the full article: Ontario Government Plan to Conserve Biodiversity
2012 Special Report
In January 2012, the ECO released a special report to the legislature, Biodiversity: A Nation's Commitment, An Obligation for Ontario. This special report highlighted that the Government of Ontario no longer had a strategic plan to conserve the province's biodiversity. It also reported that, without such a commitment and plan, our province will be unable to meet our federal government's commitment to achieve the 20 2020 Aichi Biodiversity Targets agreed to by 193 countries in October 2010.
Read the full report: Biodiversity: A Nation's Commitment, An Obligation for Ontario
2009/2010 Annual Report
The ECO illustrated the links between climate change and biodiversity loss, warning that Ontario's ecology will be radically reshaped by the end of the 21st century. It also highlighted that Ontario's biodiversity strategy from 2005, itself a five-year plan, had expired and there was no commitment by the Ontario government to address this globally significant issue in the years ahead. The ECO formally recommended that the Ministry of Natural Resources lead the development of a new and reconceived biodiversity strategy for Ontario. Without question, it should specify target program areas, policies, and legislation that need revision across all of government to achieve its goals. The report observed that conserving biodiversity is indeed all of our responsibility, but the Ontario government itself must articulate how it will systematically respond to biodiversity loss in the province.
Read the full article: Climate Change and Biodiversity Turmoil
2008/2009 Annual Report
The ECO stressed that greater efforts were needed to conserve Ontario's biodiversity. The ECO commented that there had been a distinct lack of new initiatives, beyond those that were announced in 2005 or earlier. In part, the ECO believes this inaction is attributable to insufficient allocation of funding and human resources; many of the small steps that the government has undertaken involve off-loading responsibilities to third-parties, such as non-governmental organizations or volunteer committees. In sum, the ECO was profoundly concerned about the lack of deliberate, systematic, and coordinated government action to conserve Ontario's biological diversity.
Read the full article: Protecting Biodiversity: Ministries Stake Out Roles
2005/2006 Annual Report
The ECO provided a detailed review of Ontario's Biodiversity Strategy which was released in 2005. The ECO commended MNR for at last acknowledging that conserving Ontario's biodiversity is one of its prime responsibilities. However, the ECO warned that a successful biodiversity strategy should not attempt to be all things to all people: its first and foremost focus should be the conservation of biodiversity. The ECO also commented that the Ontario government must ensure that this new agenda delivers concrete actions that tangibly conserve the province's biodiversity. Relegating this strategy to simple rhetoric would be a tragic loss.
Read the full article: Conserving Ontario's Biodiversity
2004/2005 Annual Report
MNR finally committed to developing a biodiversity strategy in 2004, releasing it a year later. This annual report previewed the strategy. The ECO provided a strong caution that a successful biodiversity strategy should clearly detail the responsibilities of all relevant ministries, describe decisive actions, contain quantifiable targets, and specify timelines for delivery. It also should target program areas, policies, and legislation that need revision to achieve its goals. In essence, a successful strategy should focus on the new things that need to be done, using an adaptive approach that makes biodiversity the priority.
Read the full article: Update on Ontario's Biodiversity Strategy
2002/2003 Annual Report
Building on the call for a provincial biodiversity strategy from the previous annual report, the ECO encouraged MNR to develop a series of integrated, province-wide strategies to address key biodiversity issues. These strategies should target specific areas in which action is required to conserve biodiversity, such as conserving protected areas and natural heritage features and functions, protecting species at risk, and addressing the threat of invasive species; this approach also allows for an efficient use of government resources. Again, MNR choose to take no action.
Read the full article: Creating a Biodiversity Framework for Ontario
2001/2002 Annual Report
The ECO recommended that the Ministry of Natural Resources develop a provincial biodiversity strategy in consultation with affected ministries, municipalities and stakeholders. Moreover, the ECO made the case that MNR should undertake a comprehensive assessment of Ontario's current policies, regulations and Acts, and enact appropriate changes to conserve the province's biodiversity. MNR responded that the ministry was not obligated to create a provincial biodiversity strategy, nor did it intend to.
Read the full article: Conserving Biodiversity in Ontario
This category has the following 7 subcategories, out of 7 total.
- ► Endangered Species Act (42 P)
- ► Fish and Wildlife Conservation Act (15 P)
- ► Invasive Species (8 P)
- ► Pesticides Act (3 P)
- ► Species at Risk (57 P)
- ► Wildlife (47 P)
Pages in category "Biodiversity"
The following 71 pages are in this category, out of 71 total.
- Needed: Better Planning for Protected Areas
- Preserving natural areas, or Extracting aggregates wherever they lay?
- Protected Areas Planning: Managing for Ecological Integrity?
- Protected Areas: Nature Must Come First
- Protecting Biodiversity: Ministries Stake Out Roles
- Purposes and Principles of the Endangered Species Act, 2007
- Pushing for Natural Heritage Planning on the Waterloo and Paris-Galt Moraines
- Selected Recommendations of the Environmental Commissioner of Ontario Relevant to Biodiversity Protection
- Southern Ontario's Forests: Problems on the Landscape?
- Species at Risk: Progress and the Path Ahead
- Strategic Goals and the Aichi Biodiversity Targets
- Sustainable Land Use Planning in the North
- Sustaining the Urban Forest
- The Drainage Act: Drying up Ontario's Wetlands
- The Ecological Land Acquisition Program
- The Environmental Commissioner of Ontario's Reporting on Biodiversity
- The Implementation of Ontario's Plan to Conserve Biodiversity
- The Role of Provincial Ministries
- The Wolves of Algonquin Provincial Park
- Trends in the abundance and distribution of wild birds
- Trends in the coverage of protected areas


text:
Give Now
While the country is renowned for its high-quality Arabica Bourbon beans, both cost and culture have kept Rwandans from imbibing one of their top cash crops.
Anthropologist Catherine Tucker brings us the perspective of coffee growers. S.K. Quigley roasts the beans. Daniel Orr uses coffee in a barbecue sauce.


text:
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text: Posted August 24, 2003 I understand the Joffrey will be opening its season with John Cranko's R & J, also i know that the Lithuanain National Ballet performed its version (by Vladimir Vasilev) in London this past spring played by the London Symphony Orchastra under the baton of Lithanian's Mstislav Rostropovich. Also i have a women friend who is a corps dancer for the Kremlin Theater of ballet and they just did Yuri Grigorovich's version of R & J in Cypus and Lebanon last month and of course she says the Grigorovich's version is better that the other two versions. - I am planning on attending the Joffrey's opening night performance in Oct, seeing i just became a member of their Golden Ring Patron Circle,and it will be my first R & J performance ever, does anyelse know the other versions so to enlighten me on the differences so if ask by a fellow Joffrey patron about the performance i can reply in a educated manner. - KEVIN Share this post Link to post Share on other sites


text:
Is Ubuntu Animosity Misplaced?
As for the feelings of the Linux community in general, the consensus is that it felt like GNOME was somehow being slighted or ignored. Remember early on, Ubuntu was a GNOME-centric experience. While today, Ubuntu is most definitely Unity-centric instead. Obviously alternative desktop environments are a mere "apt-get install" away, but most people will use Ubuntu because they're fans of the entire experience – end to end.
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text:
Created attachment 616784 [details]
1. go to http://people.mozilla.com/~nhirata/html_tp/dashboard.html in landscape
2. switch to portrait and scroll to the bottom
3. hit the home button and then go back to fennec
4. reload in portrait
5. switch to landscape and scroll to the bottom
6. hit the home button and then go back to fennec
5. compare step 4 versus step 6
Expected: they look about the same and readable
Actual: Going from portrait to landscape will space things out more; going from landscape to portrait will cause typing to be on top of each other.
1. also occurs on crash-stats : http://bit.ly/J6Fxnp
2. Galaxy S II, Nightly 4/19/2012
Noming for release blocker
Please retest now that the device pixel resolution tracking has landed.
I am able to reproduce the issue following this scenario:
1. Open a page in landscape mode (used the crash report provided in the bug).
2. Scroll to the bottom of the page.
3. Tap the home button to minimize the app.
4. Turn the device in portrait mode.
5. Open Fennec
Actual result: Some of the text is overlapped - similar to the screenshot.
Following the steps described in the bug I was unable to reproduce the issue.
Tested on Nightly/14.0a1 2012-04-24 on HTC Desire (Android 2.2).
This looks like the result of not reflowing things that we should have reflowed, or not marking things dirty in a strong enough way. Not sure what it has to do with kerning.
Without font inflation, the kerning does not change when switching orientation.
With font inflation, this issue still occurs.
Tested Nightly 4/26/2012 LG Revolution
So I think the basic problem here is that I missed handling one of the dynamic change cases when implementing font inflation.
In particular, the function MinimumFontSizeFor in nsLayoutUtils.cpp depends on the result of dx->GetClientRect(): this result is used only when font.size.inflation.minTwips has a nonzero value. When we switch between landscape and viewport, this value changes, but we don't have any notification of the change. When font inflation is enabled, we need to reflow in this case (probably by marking the root frame dirty with a call to PresShell::FrameNeedsReflow).
I think the weirdness of when the bug does or doesn't show up is likely related to text run expiration.
I need to figure out what needs to get hooked up to get a notification for this case.
A try build that I think should fix this is:
It's based on:
So it does appear to fix this, except:
* there's a noticeable reflow after switching (which maybe argues that the patch should flush reflows?)
* even after that reflow, there's sometimes visible appearance of the old size when panning, followed by a repaint
Also, now that I know what the problem is, I'm less worried about this bug than before, and I'm not as worried about having it in beta.
We'd really like to get this fixed as soon as possible, but it doesn't need to block beta.
OK, I need to compare how well the following two builds fix this:
The difference between them is that the second one has a layout flush:
In other words, the first build is based on:
and the second is based on
other than deciding whether I want that layout flush or not, I think these patches are ready.
(I was waiting for email from try server all day. Turns out it just didn't send the emails.)
I don't think the layout flush helps with any of the weirdness (which may or may not be related to font inflation at all).
Created attachment 620943 [details] [diff] [review]
Remove duplicate null check of presShell. (, patch 1)
Created attachment 620944 [details] [diff] [review]
Cache the last device width we used for font inflation on the pres context so that we can track when it changes. (, patch 2)
Created attachment 620945 [details] [diff] [review]
Expose DocumentViewerImpl::CallChildren with an API that fills an array. (, patch 3)
Created attachment 620946 [details] [diff] [review]
Reflow for screen size change when font.size.inflation.minTwips is set. (, patch 4)
Comment on attachment 620946 [details] [diff] [review]
Reflow for screen size change when font.size.inflation.minTwips is set. (, patch 4)
Review of attachment 620946 [details] [diff] [review]:
::: dom/base/nsDOMWindowUtils.cpp
@@ +343,5 @@
> + // hook in the needed updates here rather than adding a
> + // separate notification just for this change.
> + if (presContext &&
> + nsLayoutUtils::FontSizeInflationEnabled(presContext) &&
> + nsLayoutUtils::FontSizeInflationMinTwips() != 0) {
Move this entire block to a helper function maybe?
That was via a mozilla-inbound push that I forgot to note here:
This is reproducible on:
Firefox Native 14.0b1 build2 (2012-05-09)
Device: HTC Desire Z
OS: Android 2.3.3
Comment on attachment 620943 [details] [diff] [review]
Remove duplicate null check of presShell. (, patch 1)
Note: this comment applies to the set of patches.
[Approval Request Comment]
Regression caused by (bug #): bug 627842
User impact if declined: incorrect display (layout vs. rendering using different font size inflation) when switching between landscape and portrait
Testing completed (on m-c, etc.): on mozilla-central
Risk to taking this patch (and alternatives if risky): given the testing (and also approval of the null-check crash fix), relatively low, though it is introducing a new codepath that runs in this case
String changes made by this patch: none
*** Bug 754706 has been marked as a duplicate of this bug. ***
Verified 2012-05-17 Nightly, Aurora and 14 beta 2.
In my testing, this has regressed, at least on nightly. Any chance I could get somebody to find a regression window for when it regressed?
2012-05-17-03-05-23-mozilla-central-android works
2012-05-29-03-05-18-mozilla-central-android works
2012-06-08-03-05-25-mozilla-central-android works
Maybe it's just something with my try server build...
I still see this working on the 06-08-2012 nightly build. removing qawanted, regressionwindow-wanted.


text:
You know, I've been warning you about babyanimalz for some time now. They are much more cunning than you think.
A hunter was shot by a fox in Belarus with his own gun. This is a true story.
According to Belarusian media, the hunter had wounded the fox (so he says) and attempted to "finish the animal off with the butt of the rifle." To his surprise, the fox had a completely different plan. Instead of the hunter "finishing off the fox," the fox decided to fight back with fierceness and pulled the trigger of the hunter's gun with its paw.
The hunter, is in the hospital and the fox, is nowhere to be found.
Not the actual fox in the story, but here are a couple for your enjoyment.
VN:F [1.9.22_1171]Hunter Shot by Fox with his own Gun,
More Cute Baby Animals:
Fatal error: Uncaught Exception: 12: REST API is deprecated for versions v2.1 and higher (12) thrown in /home/babyanim/public_html/wp-content/plugins/seo-facebook-comments/facebook/base_facebook.php on line 1273


text:
I didn't go out and cover anything and some got bit and some not. Does
anyone know if some hosta are more resistant to frost than others? I have
probably 50 or so in pots that were completely up and unfurled. Some of them
got frost bit badly and ones sitting beside them didn't. Some just had a
few leaves damaged. Do I need to cut them all the way back? I wish I had
gone out and worked hard like you but didn't have the energy after spending
too much time in an office. I would rather be out but unfortunately have to
support my habit of hosta.
----- Original Message -----
From: <firstname.lastname@example.com>
To: <email@example.com>
Sent: Thursday, April 19, 2001 5:42 PM
Subject: Re: Cold nights
> In a message dated 4/19/01 8:37:00 AM Eastern Daylight Time,
> email@example.com writes:
> << What we couldn't fit in frames
> we covered with remay, and when we ran
> out of remay - absolutely none available
> at any of the farm supply stores here, >>
> Chick, we could have sent you some free, had we known. I have a couple of
> rolls sitting in the garage and did not feel motivated enough to go out
> put it over the stuff. N.
> ---------------------------------------------------------------------
> To sign-off this list, send email to firstname.lastname@example.com with the
> message text UNSUBSCRIBE HOSTA-OPEN
To sign-off this list, send email to firstname.lastname@example.com with the
message text UNSUBSCRIBE HOSTA-OPEN


text:
Intel Security Sets Its Sights on Use-Case-Driven Technology
Intel Security, which announced an updated endpoint security product and new active response technology, is redefining its leadership and direction.At Intel Security's FOCUS conference in Las Vegas, the company is announcing its renewed strategy to help enterprises of all sizes stay safe in an increasingly hostile online world. As part of the strategy, Intel Security is updating an existing product with McAfee Endpoint Security 10.X and is also introducing the new McAfee Active Response Platform. "The whole theme for us is the 'new next' since so much of what is happening at Intel Security is taking our business and product portfolio into a new space from where we have been," Chris Young, senior vice president and general manager of Intel Security Group, told eWEEK. Young joined Intel a year ago, after leaving Cisco where he was senior vice president of security. Part of the work that Young is doing now is to redefine Intel Security's leadership and direction. Intel Security is moving to a security lifecycle threat approach that includes protecting assets, detecting threats and then correcting potential security issues.
As part of that focus, Intel Security is announcing today its new McAfee Endpoint Security 10.x release.
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text:
Stephen Rodrick's New York Times article about the making of The Canyons had humor, suspense and propulsion. They should have made that movie. What we have here is dead on arrival. show more
Judging from the lack of care that went into making this one, I'm not so sure how much Schrader cares about the movies anymore either. show more
Far from the renegade, boundary-pushing, sexually explicit sensation that its makers have been suggesting, The Canyons is a lame, one-dimensional and ultimately dreary look at peripheral Hollywood types not worth anyone's time either onscreen or in real life. show more


text:
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|Neil O'Toole <neiloto...@users.sourceforge.net>
|Re: [collections][PROPOSAL] Remove Observable subpackage
|Tue, 25 Nov 2003 03:46:38 GMT
--- Henri Yandell <firstname.lastname@example.com> wrote: > > I'm +1 on it moving out. Who is the community as far as that piece of > code > is concerned? Is it just a Stephen Colebourne work, ie) moving to > joda > makes good sense, or something by more people? Stephen, Michael Hauer, and myself are the three people who have had most involvement in this area. Stephen wrote the observable implementation. I'd developed another full implementation called notifyingcollections with a different slant. I don't have strong feelings on having separate source trees / projects (+0?) but the observable stuff should certainly have its own distributable. There are many equally valid ways of doing notification (in particular callback vs. event-based, and light event vs. heavy event), and novel features that can be added (such as the "ReplayableEvent" mechanism in notifyingcollections that allows an event to be undone/replayed in an arbitrary manner thus enable the easy recording of the entire state history of a collection). In short, lots of code. I really think it does deserve its own distributable, and the more I think about it, probably it's own subproject. I believe one of the points that Steven was making is that this work is holding up the release of the core [collections] stuff. And since there's so much that can be done in [observable], I feel it would be fairer to decouple the pair. >neil --------------------------------------------------------------------- To unsubscribe, e-mail: email@example.com For additional commands, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
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Annual Conference of the German Association of American Studies
(Leibniz University, Hannover, Germany, June 8-11, 2017)
Local Organizer: Prof. Dr. Ruth Mayer
"Modernities and Modernization in North America"
Modernity is a quality that has been associated persistently with the United States, and that became a staple piece of US self-conceptualization. This long-standing ascription and (self-)stylization has been facilitated by the fact that modernity as a concept is highly negotiable; what is considered modern needs to be mapped out against the horizon of what is ancient—while the ancient is assessed on the grounds of what is considered modern. Debates around modernity and modernization stretch from the so-called age of exploration to our present moment. The relevance of concepts of modernity for North America thus manifests well before the founding of the United States: The very processes of settlement and colonization situate themselves, after all, in the context of the early modern period, and fashion themselves as negotiations of the 'old' and the 'new.' At the turn of the 20th century, such negotiations reached a tipping point when fundamental categories and concepts of spatial, temporal, and moral orientation came to be challenged and redefined.
The conference invites reflections on the technical and scientific implications of modernity and modernization, and on the forcefields of technology, ecology, and economy in the unfolding of Early America and the United States. The processes of industrialization, mediatization, commercialization, and of progressive political projects in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries will constitute important points of contention. Obviously, the idea of the 'modern' is tightly interlinked with the more specific idea of the 'modernist' in literature, the visual arts, theatre, film, and other areas of cultural expression. But the artistic and cultural engagements with modernity go well beyond the period of modernism, stretching from the colonial period to the present time and signaling across the borders of the North American continent. The conference also plans to address recent political debates on modernity and anti-modernity in their implication on negotiation of rights, belonging, and citizenship.
Ulla Haselstein is professor of American Literature (Chair) at the John F. Kennedy Institute, Freie Universität, Berlin. She was a research associate at the Center of Cultural Studies at UC Santa Cruz in 1993-94, a visiting professor of American Literature at UC Irvine in 2001, and an Aby Warburg Visiting Professor at the University of Hamburg at 2009. She has published widely on modernist and postmodernist literature, Native American Studies, holocaust literature, and literary theory. Her most recent book publications are the co-edited volumes The Cultural Career of Coolness(Rowman, 2013) and The Pathos of Authenticity (Winter, 2010). She is currently working on a book on Gertrude Stein. She is a recipient of an "Opus magnum" grant by the VW Foundation (2015-17) for her current book project "Gertrude Stein: Literary Portraits".
Laura Horak is assistant professor for film studies at Carleton University. She investigates gender and sexuality in film history, with an emphasis on silent cinema and transgender, lesbian, and gay cinema cultures in the United States and Sweden. She teaches courses on film theory and historiography, passing and masquerade in cinema, sexuality in American cinema, women directors, queer Hollywood, and the body and visual technology. Her co-edited anthology, Silent Cinema and the Politics of Space(Indiana University Press, 2014) won the Society of Cinema and Media Studies' Award for Best Edited Collection of 2014. Her most recent book is Girls Will Be Boys: Cross-dressed Women, Lesbians, and American Cinema, 1908-1934 (Rutgers 2016). She is currently writing a book on the work of Finnish-Swedish filmmaker Mauritz Stiller titled Cinema's Oscar Wilde: Mauritz Stiller and the Production of Modern Sexuality.
Michael North is professor of English at the University of California, Los Angeles. The primary focus of his teaching and scholarship is the Anglophone literature of the last hundred years, with particular concentration on race, politics, and the visual arts. He is the author of numerous books, including The Political Aesthetic of Yeats, Eliot and Pound(Cambridge, 1991), The Dialect of Modernism: Race, Language and Twentieth-Century Literature (Oxford, 1994), Reading 1922: A Return to the Scene of the Modern (Oxford, 1999), Camera Works: Photography and the Twentieth-Century Word (Oxford, 2005), Machine-Age Comedy (Oxford, 2009), and Novelty: A History of the New (Chicago, 2013). In addition, he has published articles on modern art, literature, and politics in journals including Critical Inquiry, American Literary History, American Literature, PMLA and Contemporary Literature. He has received a Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellowship, a UC President's Research Fellowship, the Modernist Studies Association Book Prize (2006), and the Robert Motherwell Book Award (2014). In 2012 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
Anita Patterson is professor of English at Boston University. Her research focuses on American literature, modernism, and black poetry of the Americas, and her approach emphasizes transnational and intercultural dialogue. She published the books From Emerson to King: Democracy, Race, and the Politics of Protest (Oxford, 1997) and Race, American Literature and Transnational Modernisms (Cambridge, 2008). Her current book project, American Japonisme and Modernist Style, continues with the interest in transnationalism, intercultural exchange, and the American contexts of literary modernism, investigating an interdisciplinary approach in ordert o show how the opening of Japan, and the widening popular appeal of Japanese culture in the latter half of the nineteenth century, had a formative effect on the emergence of modernism.
Andreas Reckwitz is professor of cultural sociology at the Europa-University Viadrina at Frankfurt/ Oder. Andreas Reckwitz was visiting scholar and visiting professor at Berkeley, London, Vienna, Heidelberg, Bielefeld, Freiburg and St. Gallen.
In a number of books, he has pursued the aim of a 'cultural' theory of the social and of modernity. His publiations include Die Transformation der Kulturtheorien (The Transformation of Cultural Theories, Velbrück 2000), Das hybride Subjekt. Eine Theorie der Subjektkulturen von der bürgerlichen Moderne zur Postmoderne (The Hybrid Subject. From Bourgeois Modernity to Postmodernity, Velbrück 2006) and Die Erfindung der Kreativität. Zum Prozess gesellschaftlicher Ästhetisierung ( The Invention of Creativity. On the Process of Aesthetization, Suhrkamp 2012). Reckwitz's current interests are different forms of processes of aesthetization and regimes of novelty in modern society and their impacts on cultural alienation and emancipation; the specific contribution of urban and spatial development in this context; and the general question of how to understand cultural theory as a theory of materiality, considering the fluxus of artefacts, affects and senses. He is the recipient of an "Opus magnum" grant (VW-foundation) for his current book project "Die Kulturalisierung der Gesellschaft" ("The Culturalization of Society").


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An Open-Label Trial of Memantine to Augment Response in the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
The purpose of this study is to determine whether memantine is safe and effective when used as an augmentation to standard treatment for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD).
Stanford is not currently accepting new patients for this trial. You may want to check clinicaltrials.gov to see if other locations are recruiting.
- drug : Memantine
Phase: N/A
Ages Eligible For Study:
Inclusion Criteria
- at least 18 years of age - suffering from OCD - Y-BOCS score of 18 or greater - taking a therapeutic dose of an anti-OCD medication specified in the protocol
External Links
Contact information
Stanford University
School of Medicine
300 Pasteur Drive
Stanford, CA 94305
Nona Gamel
Not Recruiting


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Does this attraction require above average amounts of physical activity (long walks, climbs, stairs or hikes)?
Is this attraction good for couples?
Does this activity require advanced planning, ticketing or reservations?
Is this activity accessible without advanced planning or reservations?
Is this attraction a "must-see" location?
Is this attraction pet friendly?
Would this be a good sunny day activity?
Would this be a good hot day activity?
Would this be a good cold day activity?
Is this an outdoor attraction or activity?
Thanks for helping!
This is a very beautiful church/historic building to have a wedding at. The windows and inside is a beautiful site to witness. If you are looking for a beautiful place to say "I...
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This is a very beautiful church/historic building to have a wedding at. The windows and inside is a beautiful site to witness. If you are looking for a beautiful place to say "I DO" then this is your spot and you will not be disappointed
The inside of this building is so beautiful...a must see. I went there for a meeting for the first time and was amazed by the architecture.
An enjoyable time of celebration wth friends and family! I love to see beautiful places of History being taken care of and preserved for future generations. The parking and access are a little challenging, especially if it's not a beautiful day. The grounds are less than immaculate, but still enjoyable.
This former Catholic Church is a true historic beauty! The architecture is stunning, and the "sanctuary" is spacious and airy. This is a perfect place for a wedding or any type of large event.
I have been to parties here and a concert, this place as awesome art work on the cathedral ceiling it is a beautiful place for a wedding or a anniversary party, business dinner etc...you would need to visit to see the art inside this building and how beautiful it is, its large inside probable can hold at least 300 people...
Beautiful place. Great architectural work inside and out. Made for a beautiful wedding and reception. Would highly recommend
This is one of the most beautiful churches I have ever seen. Go during the weekday so you can see more.
Sacred Heart is a truly beautiful building. It was completed and opened in 1900. The church was in continuous use until 1971 when, after several floods, a large portion of their supporters moved to other areas. This beautiful building was nearly torn down, but was purchased and renovated by a private organization in 1987. Now it is used as a...
My daughter and several others people we know had their weddings and receptions in this place. If you want a magical experience, be sure to book way in advance. Would recommend this place to anyone.
Wonderful place, if you like Historical places this one is for you. The stained glass windows are amazing, best of all free of charge to go and enjoy this beautiful structure.
Own or manage this property? Claim your listing for free to respond to reviews, update your profile and much more.


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Magenta and white tiger print liven this scrub cap. The blue sky scrubs Surgical Pony Cap is made for all of you O.R. ladies with long, flowing locks that are not fans of the bouffant scrub cap. Our scrub hats add a personal touch to any of your scrub sets.
The Zambia Sunset scrub hat looks great with our Ceil Blue Scrubs and our Pink Sorbet Scrubs.


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LWR Fair Trade is a partnership between Lutheran World Relief and Equal Exchange. This partnership furthers LWR's mission to end poverty, injustice and human suffering by strengthening agricultural value chain relationships between U.S. Lutherans and small holder farmers around the world.
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Equal Exchange donates $.20 to LWR's Small Farmer Fund for each pound of Fair Trade coffee, chocolate, tea, cocoa, sugar and snacks you order through the LWR Fair Trade.
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The Small Farmer Fund supports LWR's agricultural programs, providing the tools and training that small-scale farmers need to improve their enterprises and make a better life for their families.


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Celtics Work Out 12 Draft Prospects On MondayThe Celtics worked out 12 players on Monday, including Kansas' Perry Ellis, a pair of Brad Stevens' former Bulldogs, and a trio of international prospects.
Stevens On Andrew Smith: Great Impact, Great Legacy In Short TimeCeltics head coach talked about the passing of Andrew Smith on Zolak & Bertrand Wednesday, saying the 25-year-old left a great legacy in a short amount of time.
Brad Stevens On Passing Of Andrew Smith: 'He Was Special'Celtics head coach Brad Stevens fought back tears on Tuesday when talking about the passing of former Butler player Andrew Smith.
Brad Stevens Visits With Former Butler Player Battling CancerWith a day off on Tuesday, Celtics head coach Brad Stevens took advantage of his free time and went back home to Indiana to visit a former Butler player of his who is currently battling cancer.
Final Four TV ScheduleWBZ-TV is the only place to watch the Final Four and NCAA Championship game.


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Shopping for souvenirs and other local goods when traveling is a common thing that travellers usually do and enjoy doing! Exotic mementos to remember their trips by; taking a piece of the country they visited back home with them. Some travellers can go a bit overboard though and end up with more items than they can fit in their luggage; finding it difficult to transport their souvenirs back home.
Many a seasoned traveller will agree that using specialised baggage freight companies are a more affordable and convenient to send your excess luggage back home. All major airlines charge a hefty fee per kg once you exceed your free baggage allowance, which can cause unwanted stress on your travels.
A recent survey confirmed this with their findings showing that one of the most common problems travellers face when using airlines to send their excess luggage is delays. It causes a lot of frustration and in some scenarios, luggage can even go missing. This is usually not covered by the airlines unless you pay an additional charge for insurance.
On the other hand, getting the service of a specialised baggage company to get your souvenirs and other personal effects, often works out cheaper and more convenient as many of these companies offer door to door shipping. These companies also offer personalized services that will definitely cater to all your needs and wants. These specialised baggage companies are also experienced when it comes to dealing with luggage in all shapes and sizes. These are perfect for those who are planning to get their souvenirs, especially those bulky ones, shipped back to their homes safely and securely without damage. It's also easy to track your baggage and get it insured if you feel the need.
Having excess luggage is sometimes inevitable, especially if you are one of those impulsive holiday shoppers. But shipping your items back home is no longer a hassle, with specialised baggage companies you can choose the freight service you want depending on your budget and needs.
Excess Baggage — Send Your Excess for Less with World Baggage!


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Demonstrator Equipment at Pearl Audio
Pearl Audio has a great selection of used and demo equipment.
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Pearl Audio Video Blog
Ayre QX-5 DAC Arrives & In-Store photos!
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McIntosh MB50 Streamer Arrives
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Influenced by the blues as well as West African and African-American sounds, rhythm and blues, rap, and hip-hop have become popular and influential forms of music around the world.
Featuring soulful lyrics, hard-driving beats, and infectious rhythms, these genres form a rich branch of America's musical culture. From artists such as Ray Charles and Aretha Franklin to LL Cool J and Dr. Dre, the performers who pioneered and perfected these musical forms have become household names.
Rhythm & Blues, Rap, and Hip-Hop explores the characteristics and importance of each of these types of music and its history and evolution. This in-depth volume combines 52 photographs, a glossary, discography, and chronology to create an ideal go-to reference for music lovers everywhere.
Series: American Popular Music Ser.
Audience: General
For Ages: 15 - 18 years old
For Grades: 10 - 12
Format: Paperback
Language: English
Number Of Pages: 332
Published: 15th November 2007
Publisher: Facts On File Inc
Country of Publication: US
Dimensions (cm): 23.5 x 19.1 x 2.2
Weight (kg): 0.798


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These types of comparison go a long way toward supporting your measurements but I would like to see in the future more of these types of multiple testing on different days; especially on those that will be considered problematic.
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How is some fanboy who sees a bunch of Radiohead shows on a tour and complains about the setlist ruining my experience at the 1-2 Radiohead shows I will see? If you get upset that someone doesn't like a band you like or what that band is doing, grow some thicker skin. Or just make fun of them.
For your health
I have seen Radiohead nearly 100 times over the last 20 years or so. Some shows are more memorable than others for various reasons. Isn't that strange?
Allow me to assist...
Tonight: Final gig in the US until.....
2nd night in Philly 06 is in my top 3 Radiohead shows of all time. Bring back Spooks tonight Jonny and make sure you light that spliff before the encore like last time
FYI: tonight's poster will be fluorescent orange
01 There There
02 Lucky
03 15 Step
04 Arpeggi
05 Kid A
06 Dollars and Cents
07 The National Anthem
08 Nude
09 Go Slowly
10 Paranoid Android
11 Spooks
12 The Gloaming
13 Bodysnatchers
14 4 Minute Warning
15 The Bends [Jonny & Ed share a mic]
16 Everything in its Right Place ['After the Gold Rush' intro by Thom]
17 How to Disappear Completely
Encore 1:
18 I Might Be Wrong
19 House of Cards
20 Black Star
21 Let Down
Encore 2:
22 Idioteque
I was at the DC show a couple of weeks ago. It was a great show, my 2nd time seeing them (with the first being in 2008). I'm not a big fan of the new album, but some of the newer songs did sound great live. The National Anthem slayed, as usual. I have no complaints at all about the setlist, I knew what to expect. Would love to see them again sometime soon.
Can we have a thread for people who are not friends with Supre?
the busy bee has no time for sorrow.
March 2 - Deafheaven
March 3 - Against Me!
March 31 - Eric Prydz
April 14-16 - Coachella
April 22-23 - Decibel Metal & Beer Festival
May 4 - The Weeknd
May 20 - Mastodon/EODM/Russian Circles
May 30 - Conan/North
June 9 - Sigur Rós
July 3 - Roger Waters
July 30 - Panorama Festival
August 17-20 - Psycho Las Vegas
September 9 - Green Day
October 6-8 - ACL wknd. 1
I'm done with Radiohead unless they release another good album. KoL was weak.
the busy bee has no time for sorrow.
But this kids want to go. And glowsticks
They won't announce another show in Phoenix. IF they did in the very near future, I would have to think about it. I need a Radiohead break. And this thread sucks ass. I'm ready for NIN though if Trent gets his shit together.
the busy bee has no time for sorrow.


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Opening Hours
Mon-Tues: 10am-5pm
Wed: 10am-9pm
Thu-Sun: 10am-5pm
Closed December 25
140 George Street
The Rocks
Sydney NSW 2000
Experience fabulous dining experiences in exceptional locations at the MCA.
Take in spectacular views of the Sydney Opera House and Harbour Bridge at the MCA Cafe while you sample a carefully curated food and wine menu. The MCA Cafe can be found on Level 4. Open daily for breakfast and lunch and open late on Wednesday evening.
Located on the Ground Floor with uninterrupted views overlooking Circular Quay, Graze MCA offers a relaxed dining experience and a varied seasonal menu. Open daily for lunch and dinner service, open on weekends for breakfast and brunch.
Sip on saké this summer as cherry blossoms blow in the breeze
Get a taste of Tokyo inside our Tatsuo Miyajima-inspired Cherry Blossom Bar – open through summer. Order share plates of Izakaya-style fare – think edamame, gyoza and bento boxes – while you watch the ebb and flow of Circular Quay under a canopy of blossoms and lanterns.