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BANT Criteria in a Buyer-Centric World? No More
Everyone in sales and marketing knows what BANT stands for – Budget, Authority, Need and Timeframe. Is BANT still meaningful in 2016? The ways in which buyers buy is fundamentally different today than when BANT was first introduced. This approach is far more complex and accurate than BANT. The post BANT Criteria in a Buyer-Centric World? Blog BANT Lead managemen
BANT May Not Work in Qualifying Leads for Industrial Sales
Industrial Marketing Today
Sales people have been using BANT (Budget, Authority, Needs, and Timing/Timeframe) criteria to qualify leads and prospects for a long time ever since IBM first coined that acronym. Industrial Lead Generation BANT Industrial Marketing leads for industrial salesThis is only a content summary. Please click on the headline to read the full article.
Lead Qualification: Rethinking BANT in the Modern B2B Sales Cycle
In the past, most organizations have followed the BANT model of qualifying leads. BANT – which stands for B udget, A uthority, N eed, T imeline – was developed by IBM as a way to identify new opportunities. Why is BANT Failing Marketers? This is where the "Need" aspect from BANT comes in.). 3. We're not saying that BANT is outdated or irrelevant.
Why BANT Is Not Enough!
Buyer Insights
BANT is no longer enough' he proclaimed. Buying Process Featured BANT Buying Team Deals in 3D Prequalification Selling In 3D Stalled DealsThe VP of Sales had just taken to the stage. With his opening remark my jaw dropped.
B2B Marketing: Why Marketing shouldn't promise BANT qualified leads for Sales
B2B Lead Generation Blog
The approach is dubbed BANT. Let's start by creating a common language for lead qualification that makes more sense than BANT. With all due respect to Ardath, I have interviewed hundreds of elite salespeople and have rarely heard any of them demand BANT criteria. Unless Marketing owns an inside sales operation (and few marketing teams do), delivering BANT leads is completely impossible. Even with an inside sales operation doing lead qualification, delivering BANT qualified leads is unwise. Marketing can't deliver BANT leads without an inside sales operation.
BANT is Bunk, BS and Irrelevant - per Ardath Albee
I really liked Ardath Albee's blog on July 9, 2013— Why BANT is Bunk for Today's B2B Buyer and not just because I agree with most of what she says. BANT is among the reasons leads passed by marketing are considered low quality. BANT hasn't. ".SOME SOME OF THE BANT CRITERIA FOR YOUR HOTTEST LEADS WILL LIKELY BE MISSING.". Here are some reasons "why BANT needs a bit of renovation": Budget: According to DemandGen Report, "48% of buyers surveyed say their purchase of complex B2B product/solution was initially unbudgeted.". Buyers have changed. For the buyer?
Why BANT No Longer Applies for B2B Lead Qualification
The goal for the majority of our programs was to have our telemarketers qualify names, gather some information and qualify these prospects by the famed BANT (Budget, Authority, Need, Timeframe) criteria. We were quite successful in developing these programs for our clients and the leads were graded based on the answer to the BANT questions. That was then, this is now. We are smack in the middle of marketing 2.0, a more "modern" way of marketing that makes BANT no longer effective for several reasons. Ultimately, this will produce a much more qualified lead than BANT.
Power Opinions - BANT is BUNK … Revisited
BANT is an acronym for Budget, Authority, Need and Time Frame. have written articles and blogs against BANT (as a lead qualifying criterion) for years. couple of months ago I read a blog by Ardath Albee entitled "BANT is Bunk, BS and Irrelevant". Next, I reached out to my Power Opinions team (PowerViews alumni) to find out what they thought about BANT. BANT has always been BUNK for salespeople. BANT is not dead in high traffic, SMB offers. BANT is dead in most complex B2B sales. BANT isn't BUNK. BANT is dead.". Build on it."
BANT: Is it Still a Useful Tool for B2B lead Qualification?
Great B2B Marketing
I just read, and commented on, a thought-provoking article titled Lead Gen: A proposed replacement for BANT. Written by David Green, the premise of the piece is that the BANT formula, for the most part, is no longer relevant. To refresh your memory, BANT stands for Budget, Authority, Need and Timing. In a push marketing environment, BANT is a very useful tool for ensuring that sales reps are working with qualified leads and not wasting their time on those that are not in a position to buy in the near future. BANT Lead Qualification Qualified Leads
Why BANT No Longer Applies for B2B Lead Qualification
The goal for the majority of our programs was to have our telemarketers qualify names, gather some information and qualify these prospects by the famed BANT (Budget, Authority, Need, Timeframe) criteria. We were quite successful in developing these programs for our clients and the leads were graded based on the answer to the BANT questions. That was then, this is now. We are smack in the middle of marketing 2.0, a more "modern" way of marketing that makes BANT no longer effective for several reasons. Ultimately, this will produce a much more qualified lead than BANT.
BANT Isn't Enough Anymore: A New Framework for Qualifying Prospects
A long time ago, IBM revolutionized sales with the introduction of BANT. Salespeople could quickly identify a problem through a good well-delivered positioning statement, confirm the prospect''s interest in fixing it, qualify on BANT, and schedule a presentation. BANT isn''t good enough anymore. This used to work well. Salespeople have no control in this situation. Goals.
Using BANT for Lead Qualification
Sales Intelligence View
popular approach to making sure a lead is qualified and ready for an Account Executive is using BANT: Budget, Authority, Need, Timing. Unfortunately, there is no silver bullet to lead scoring in B2B marketing. Period." " Lead Qualification teams are the soldiers in the trenches that crash the phones and filter out the good and the bad leads. BUDGET. AUTHORITY. TIMING. Sales 2.0
What I Really Want to Know About My Sales Reps' Qualified Leads
Sales Prospecting Perspectives
If you follow the Sales Prospecting Perspectives blog, you are aware that the subject BANT has been extensively covered , and the acronym has been deemed "dead.". The sales term "BANT qualified lead" has become the bane of my existence since becoming an inside sales manager at AG Salesworks, a client-based organization.
Today's B2B Marketer Must BAT, not BANT
B2B Marketing Traction
Today marketers need to BAT, not BANT. BANT stands for Budget, Authority, Need and Timeframe. It turns out others agree with me – see these articles and posts on the downfall and realities of BANT: Why BANT no longer applies to B2B lead qualification. When BANT becomes AINT – the new realities of buying requires scoring refresh. None of the above?
Do You Have Zombies in Your Sales Pipeline?
It's All About Revenue
If BANT is required to move an opportunity out of Qualify have fields for the rep to capture BANT on the opportunity record. 3. Lead Nurturing average won deals BANT Days Leads Outstanding DLO Mike McKinnon monthly pipeline review ReadyTalk sales pipeline sales pipeline management tracking waking the dead leads Follow Mike on Twitter @RTMike. DLO of closed won deals.
The Top 10 Most Revealing Deal Questions
Buyer Insights
Tips for Sellers BANT Business Case Buyer Risk Buying Decision Buying Process Buying Rationale Forecast Accuracy Prequalification Procurement Sales Cycles Sales Forecasting Imagine you are asked as a sales manager to evaluate a key deal. How many pieces of information would you need in order to assess the likelihood of the deal closing as forecast?
How to Refine Your Sales Methodology
Bob's view: Traditional lead qualification, such as the over simplified BANT criteria (Budget, Authority, Need and Timeframe) are inadequate to reflect the dynamics of today's complex buying process. And, if you want to talk about why you should not use BANT or ANUM to qualify leads, let me know ( firstname.lastname@example.com ) or ask a question and I will respond promptly. Bob Apollo from Inflexion-Point Strategy Partners recently sent me three whitepapers to review and comment on. ADOPTED stands for: Authority. Decision Criteria. Options. Priority. Timing. Economics. Thank you!
How Much Does A Lead Cost? [Infographic]
B2B Marketing Insider
Custom questions like BANT (see below) have the greatest impact on cost (45% increase in CPL). What is BANT? BANT is a common lead scoring technique of seeking to determine if a prospect has the B udget, A uthority, N eed and a define T imeframe for making a decision to buy a solution. To get to us in marketing, brands will have to pay only $35. How Much Does A Lead Cost?
BANT - It's Not Always The Lead Score
Smashmouth Marketing
I woke up this morning to these three tweets relating to @nivenor1 's recent market2lead blog post titled: The SCOTSMAN vs. BANT for Effective Lead Management nivenor1 : New post about BANT vs. The SCOTSMAN on our blog [link] , now its off to Guatemala for 10 days! Ahhhhh brianjcarroll : Read post by @nivenor1 : SCOTSMAN vs. BANT for Effective Lead Management asserts "BANT" isn't enough. Good sales people can help create BANT. Qualilfying for BANT is like asking to see a W2 on a first date. Next article: What makes a good non-scoring BANT prospect?
BANT - It's Not Always The Lead Score
Smashmouth Marketing
I woke up this morning to these three tweets relating to @nivenor1 's recent market2lead blog post titled: The SCOTSMAN vs. BANT for Effective Lead Management. nivenor1 : New post about BANT vs. The SCOTSMAN on our blog [link] , now its off to Guatemala for 10 days! brianjcarroll : Read post by @nivenor1 : SCOTSMAN vs. BANT for Effective Lead Management asserts "BANT" isn't enough. mark3803 : @brianjcarroll BANT is so sales 1.0 - Sales 2.0 is all about the Buy Cycle not the Sales Cycle. (I responded). Good sales people can help create BANT. Ahhhhh.
Your Inside Sales Team Shouldn't Be Survey Takers
Sales Prospecting Perspectives
Most teleprospectors are conditioned to think that If you don't have BANT then there is no point in pursuing the conversation and consequently no point of passing a prospect on to the outside team. The conversation, as a result, is more around your prospect's pain, as opposed to strictly focusing on gathering BANT intelligence. When focusing on a BANT discussion, it seems we're turning our inside sales team into survey takers. One of my biggest goals with any new rep on my teleprospecting team is to establish appropriate habits.
Is Your Lead Generation Strategy Broken?
One such method, BANT, can result in more lost opportunities that than CEO's and CFO's care to believe. BANT qualified lead requires that the lead has a budget in place, the authority, need and a specific timeframe. A broken lead generation strategy could mean trouble for your sales and marketing team, but not just because of the fundamental misalignment between the two departments.
What Is The Cost Of A Lead?
B2B Marketing Insider
Refresher Course On BANT? If you don't know what BANT is, BANT is a common lead scoring technique of seeking to determine if a prospect has the Budget, Authority , Need and a specific Timeframe for making a decision to buy a solution. The folks at Madison Logic just released an updated infographic that breaks down the cost of a lead across various industries.
PowerMinute: How to Establish a Meaningful Lead Definition
If you are using BANT (Budget, Authority, Need, and Timeframe) to define a sales-ready lead, it's time to STOP! BANT is an outdated methodology responsible for more lost opportunities than your CEO and CFO care to hear. Truth is, many companies buy solutions that have never been budgeted. Because the value of the solution has not yet been realized by the buyer. Enterprise companies can't assign authority for a purchase when the solution has not yet been imagined. Watch today''s PowerMinute to learn how to establish a meaningful lead definition that matches today's buy cycle.
Hey Marketing: An Inquiry Is Not A Lead
B2B Marketing Insider
The most common definition of a lead comes from IBM who developed the BANT system years ago. Some have added to or modified the BANT qualification model , but the bottom line is that sales should never see leads from marketing that have not had some direct qualification, performed by a person, to determine if there is a real business opportunity. And 36% are never followed up on.
How to Establish a Meaningful Lead Definition
Finally, the alphabet soup of lead qualifying criteria such as BANT and ANUM are not the solution to the problem. For most high dollar, strategic selling, BANT and ANUM disqualify companies based on the lack of timeframe and/or budget – a huge mistake that will allow more agile competitors to get in early, solidly position themselves while you are waiting around and too late to have any shot at competing. Walk out of your office and ask the first three marketers and the first three sales executives you encounter one question: What constitutes a lead? Comments please!
Beyond BANT: Create Urgency and Close More Business
Illuminating the Future
Many marketers and sales managers are focused on "BANT-qualified leads." These What could possibly be wrong with this attraction to BANT? Beyond that, however, is the approach used to engage the BANT lead. Before embarking on yet another BANT-driven lead generation campaign, consider these steps: 1. Contributed by Lee Sellers, Principal, Visible Impact.
Sales Prospecting Perspectives Weekly Recap – Week of July 19, 2013
Sales Prospecting Perspectives
Thursday: On Thursday, I wrote Banning BANT: Redefining Quality Lead Criteria and Handling Moot Objections. This article takes a look at what BANT means to some people, and what it should mean today. Finally, it asks for people to think about the future of marketing, and how we can train new marketers or change old marketers' ways when it comes to BANT. It's Friday, Friday, gotta pass some leads on Friday! Welcome back to our Weekly Recap. Here at AG, we're excited for the weekend, just like Rebecca Black , so we can rejuvenate before coming back on Monday. That's all!
The Best Sales Prospecting Qualification Questions to Ask
Sales Prospecting Perspectives
You may be thinking, Is it too soon to be asking BANT questions? If you are a company just starting out with your teleprospecting strategy or you are looking to revamp your methods when it comes to questions to ask during the lead qualification process, you''ve come to the right place. You have a blank canvas to work with, and you might not be exactly sure where or even how to start.
There Is No Vending Machine For Marketing Qualified Leads
Digital B2B Marketing
Qualify potential prospects BANT, or budget, authority, need and timing, is still the standard for lead qualification, although many companies are successfully predicting elements of BANT qualification using behavior (certain types of content downloaded, questions asked, etc). If you talk to a publisher or lead generation firm, it would seem leads have become a commodity.
Lead Qualification: The Secret Sauce of B2B Lead Generation Marketing
In large enterprise marketing, the most common criteria have traditionally been around a concept known as BANT, or budget, authority, need and timeframe. Photo credit: Gerard Stolk (vers la réunification). The Number One rule in B2B marketing: Never, ever, pass an unqualified lead to your sales force. Enter the concept known as lead qualification. Industry. Parent company. Behavior.
B2B ABM: Seven Sales & Marketing Tips for 2017 - Tip #2 Should Marketing and Sales Agree on the Definition of a Lead?
Per Bob Apollo , simple formulas such as "BANT (Budget, Authority, Need and Timeframe) are inadequate to reflect the dynamics of today's complex buying process. think that ADOPTED is a big improvement over BANT and ANUM, but I would caution against disqualifying opportunity on the basis of the potential deal missing one or more ingredients. They should, but mostly don't. The result?
More Evidence That Waiting Even 5 Seconds to Contact a New Sales Lead Can Be Disastrous
The Point
Software Advice analyzed more than 6 million unique visitors to their own Website between 2008 and 2013, and the impact that various factors (speed of response, time of day, day of week, month of year) had on the rate at which those leads were qualified based on a telephone needs analysis and BANT qualification. And that lack of focus can be a big mistake. Probably not.
Inbound Marketing: Are You Attracting Quality Leads?
B2B Marketing Traction
IBM had an acronym for this, called BANT, which stands for Budget, Authority, Need and Timeline. In a previous blog post, Today's B2B Marketer Must BAT not BANT , I wrote that if inbound marketing is done right, the lead can be qualified when they download content, answering questions on a form in order to do so. 25% of the advertising market will be on the Internet by 2015.
All Real Salespeople Love Sales Leads (but there is a tiny caveat)
In spite of what Mike Damphousse ( Green Leads ) said recently in his blog BANT is Dead -- Find the Authority , salespeople need information such as B udget, A uthority, N eed and T ime frame to judge if an inquiry is really a lead and should therefore be followed up. Mike says BANT is dead in lead generation and he couldn't be further from the truth. The value of inquiries is initially judged by the amount of BANT information they contain. Those with qualification information (BANT) can be sent to Sales immediately. The argument comes when salespeople define a lead.
The new Demand Waterfall from SiriusDecisions; An Introduction
First they are TAL, or a teleprospecting accepted lead, then a TQL, a teleprospecting qualified lead (determining BANT via telephone). . This week SiriusDecisions presented their new demand waterfall model. It was very well received at the annual conference this week. Here is the new Demand Waterfall. So here's what's going on: An inbound inquiry and an outbound inquiry enter the funnel.
The new Demand Waterfall from SiriusDecisions; An Introduction
First they are TAL, or a teleprospecting accepted lead, then a TQL, a teleprospecting qualified lead (determining BANT via telephone). . This week SiriusDecisions presented their new demand waterfall model. It was very well received at the annual conference this week. Here is the new Demand Waterfall. So here's what's going on: An inbound inquiry and an outbound inquiry enter the funnel.


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It's just so right-with-the-universe that Gary Hoey's 20th album, Dust & Bones [Mascot Label Group], is an exuberant fusion of blues and rock. After all, this accomplished and diverse guitarist has explored several styles in his career—hard rock, rock, surf, and prog, to name a few—and he came home to the blues with 2013's Deja Blues.
Now, Hoey has forged his deep blues and rock roots into a fiery, organic, and thrilling mix that should delight and astound lovers of the guitar and guitar music.
"Looking back from my first album in 1992, it sure seems like I'm musically schizophrenic," says Hoey. "But I truly believed in every style I played. I still do. I wanted to master everything—or at least try to—and every lick from every style I've absorbed informs everything I do today. And I love that, because all of that diversity helps me come up with riffs, licks, and melodies that are perhaps deeper and more unique than if I had stayed exclusively with one style."
One thing that always stays consistent, however, is Hoey's impassioned command of the guitar. He's one of those guitarists who can attack his instrument with feral intensity, and then play something very soft and almost achingly beautiful. This ability to devise phrasing, technique, and tone in the service of feeling the music has not gone unnoticed.
In 1987, the Boston-born guitarist caught the ear of Ozzy Osbourne—no slouch at picking great guitar players—and almost ended up in his band. (The gig ultimately went to Zakk Wylde.) But Ozzy thought enough of Hoey to implore him to move where the action was—Los Angeles. The relocation paid off big time in 1992, when Hoey scored a major-label record deal with Reprise for his band, Heavy Bones. Sadly, the group was dropped in 1993, but Hoey's determination won the day. He convinced the label to let him record a low-budget instrumental-guitar album, Animal Instinct, and his version of Focus' "Hocus Pocus" brought Hoey chart success and a successful solo career. Since then, the gigs and accolades have never stopped. Here are some highlights…
• He scored the soundtrack to Endless Summer II (1994).
• He recorded "Miserlou '97" with surf-guitar icon Dick Dale in 1997.
• He has provided music for several film and television companies, including Walt Disney, New Line Cinema, and ESPN.
• He scored the music to the awesome roller-coaster ride California Screaming at Disney's California Adventure.
• He produced metal legend Lita Ford's Living Like a Runaway album.
• He is a frequent coach and musical director at Rock 'n' Roll Fantasy Camp.
• In 2015, he celebrated the 20th anniversary of his holiday CDs and tours under the Ho! Ho! Hoey banner. (Hallmark musical greeting cards feature two of his Ho! Ho! Hoey songs.)
• He recently completed filming an instructional blues-guitar video for TrueFire online guitar lessons.
"I love playing guitar, and, these days, it takes a creative and administrative commitment to keep a career evolving and growing," says Hoey. "I've learned how to make records, how to manage social-networking campaigns, how to put a tour together, how to sell merchandise, and everything about how to survive in the music business as it exists right now. But it's all worth it when I hang out with the audience at my shows and talk about music. The human interaction is critical, and having that relationship with my fans is what keeps me writing music and practicing like a demon. I never want to let those people down."
"It's great to hear Gary sing and play the blues with his trademark intensity, feel and authenticity. And the guitar tones! "Dust & Bones is a great sounding Blues/Rock album that's both vintage and modern at the same time." Joe Satriani
"I had the pleasure of singing a duet with the great Mr Gary Hoey, on the beautiful ballad called "Coming Home." It's got some awesome guitar playing in it" Lita Ford
Gary Hoey's awesome command of styles, tones, and techniques drives so many different moods on Dust & Bones that you'll feel as if he transports you across the musical universe and beyond.
Buckle up! Michael Molenda, Editor in Chief, Guitar Player magazine

subset: commoncrawl


text: What Car Went Out With A Whimper?Aloha Milkyway1/14/14 7:27amFiled to: QOTD13EditPromoteShare to KinjaGo to permalink Mention Galant back in the day and you got a solid little Japanese car with good economy and near unburstable reliability. Mention Galant to me and I imagine a VR-4 ripping up the 1000 lakes rally. A solid competitor to the Legacy turbo too. Before its death in 2012, it looked like this. A generic blob that even its shadow would be ashamed of. This is the only car I can think of that went out with a thud at the moment, if you have any more to think of, just hit the comments!Reply13 repliesLeave a reply


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For years, Theo Randall, 38, was head chef at London's celebrated River Café. Now he has his own restaurant, Theo Randall At The Intercontinental, off Park Lane. He lives with his wife Natalie, Max, 7, and Lola, 5, in Chalk Farm, north London.
It sounds like a busman's holiday, but cooking is my way of winding down. After the frantic pressures of a restaurant kitchen, it's pleasantly relaxing to be able to produce food at a more leisurely pace while chatting to family or friends.
Our downstairs area is completely open-plan, light and airy with an inch-thick floor of polished beech and a huge table around which we can get up to 20 people. The wood for the table came from an oak that was blown over during the great storm of 1987. Natalie's father had it in his boardroom at one time.
My own father is an architect, which came in handy when we bought this place for £340,000 back in 2001 and asked him to redesign the interior. The house dates from the 1850s and is part of an elegant square that somehow survived the Second World War. Apparently, the Luftwaffe was trying to take out Euston Station but kept missing. This might explain why the neighbourhood has so many post-war estates dotted around. It's a very socially mixed area and that suits me fine. The important thing is that the square itself has a good community feeling. We know our neighbours and chat to each other on the street.
Mind you, we weren't too happy when one of the local kids booted a football through our front window not long after we'd moved in. One of the priorities when we started the renovation work was to install toughened glass, albeit in the original casement, with any rotten wood replaced.
From the outside the house looks like what it is: a Victorian villa. Inside we wanted something altogether more modern. For my father, that wasn't so much as an anathema as you might imagine. He was heavily influenced by modernists, like Le Corbusier and Mies van der Rohe. The notion of cooking, dining and having everyday family life going on in the same wide-open living space was quite natural to them.
There was a lot of work to do. The people who had the house before us were medical students who didn't have a lot of time, or inclination perhaps, to do much with it. You should have seen the curtains! Not to mention the botched plastering. The walls had been covered with cladding and woodchip, so we had to take everything right back to the brick before we could start again. No wonder the renovations took nine months instead of six and came in 30 per cent over budget. Worth it, mind you. The house was recently valued at over £700,000.
There's a spacious bathroom and three bedrooms. For the time being, the children share a room and use the other as a playroom. They can put their own pictures up alongside some rather nice pieces of art by the surrealist Joan Miro.
The kitchen area is very much my domain when I'm not at the Intercontinental. There's a lot of stainless steel because I like the look of it and it's easy to keep clean. My pride and joy is the oven, a Smeg, which is great for doing joints if I manage to get a Sunday off. I like to put in a shoulder of pork, for instance, blast it with heat to ensure some golden crackling, before turning it right down and leaving it. We can then take the kids off to play football on Primrose Hill, which is about five minutes' walk away. From there you can see London spread out before you, yet it doesn't feel as though you're in a city. Sometimes we go further afield to Hampstead Heath. After four or five hours, the meat is beautifully tender. You can twist the bone and it will just come away in your fingers.
In the summer months, I cook outside on the decking with a wood-burning stove. I might spit-roast a chicken or a leg of lamb. Or sometimes I cook a whole fish on the open grill, or do a loin of pork or veal with the lid down. Whatever it is comes out with that wonderful wood-roasted flavour.
Admittedly, there's not a lot of room out there. But at least the view has improved since the garages that used to be behind us has been replaced by mews properties with a grassy roof. Lovely yellow and orange flowers sprout from it in the spring and, even in the winter, there's a green bank to look at. It's another example of the way that London is constantly changing - often for the better.
Theo Randall At The Intercontinental, 1 Hamilton Place, London W1, 020-7318 8747, www.theorandall.comReuse content


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Richard H. Barter
Richard A. Barter (1833–July 11, 1859), known as "Rattlesnake Dick", was born in Quebec, Canada. Around 1850 he came to California and tried his luck at mining. Turning outlaw during the California Gold Rush, he joined a gang that was known for stagecoach robbery from 1855-1856.
One gang he was involved with, consisting of Big Dolph Newton, Bill Carter, Romera (or Romero) Carter, an unidentified Mexican, and brothers Cyrus and George Skinner, successfully stole $80,000 of gold bullion in 1856. The theft went wrong when Cyrus and Barter missed the rendezvous having been captured with the stolen mules intended for the getaway. George buried half the money in the Trinities; the other half was turned over to the law by Carter, but George, having been killed in the capture, never revealed the location of the other $40,000 in gold which presumably remains hidden.[1]
Barter and Cyrus Skinner, unlike their team who were jailed or killed, escaped then and again in Auburn, California. After Barter formed a new gang in San Francisco, the Vigilantes expelled him.[1]
On July 11, 1859, Barter and a companion were met in Placer County, California by undersheriff George C. Johnston, deputy sheriff W. M. Crutcher, and deputy tax collector George W. Martin. Martin was killed, and Barter was injured but escaped. His body was found the next day outside Auburn with two bullets in the chest and a third in his brain. The identity of the person to finally kill Barter remains unknown.[1][2][3]
For Further Reading[edit]
See Badge and Buckshot: Lawlessness in Old California (1988) by John Boessenecker.
- ^ a b c Roddy, W. Lee (1970). Wanted! Black Bart and Other California Outlaws. Ceres, California.
- ^ Alvin Fay Harlow, Old Waybills: The Romance of the Express Companies, Arno Press, 1976, reprint edition of original printed by Hawthorne Books, Inc. 1934, pp.184-194
- ^ Ralph Moody, Wells Fargo, U. of Nebraska Press, 2005, reprint edition of original printed by Houghton Mifflin, 1961, pp.76-96
|This biographical article related to the American Old West is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.


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Re: Planning for company outing
I suggest you post your questions in these thread > skyscrapercity.com/showthrea... maybe they can help you with your problem/s. Hope you have a good time here in Legazpi City: The City of Adventure (also, The Gateway City to Bicolandia).
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Re: Planning for company outing
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Aliza Sherman's Posts
Exploring, learning, teaching, sharing.
Road Trips, RVSX, and SXSWi 2013
Aliza Sherman
I'm a sucker for road trips,
for the open road stretched out before me, a steering wheel in my hands, a vehicle taking me from Point A to points elsewhere. In 2000, I left New York City in an old RV with my two chihuahuas after the Internet bubble burst. I was on a dual mission to find myself and...
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Written Feb 17, 2013
10 New Mobile Apps I'll Use at SXSW
Aliza Sherman
Between Twitter, Quora and email, I've been devouring information about new apps and the apps that will be present at SXSWi. Just did a roundup at Web Worker Daily and included:
SXSW Go...
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Written Mar 8, 2011
12 Ways to Use Quora For Your Job Search
Aliza Sherman
I was assigned an article exploring ways to use Quora for job searches. What I ended up writing was - hopefully - a set of general best practices for using Quora with some job-specific tips interspersed. A little more "how to get the most out of Quora" than "how to get a job."
Didn't mean to avo...
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1 upvote
Written Feb 15, 2011


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Overview (3)
|Date of Birth
|1915, Athens, Greece
|Date of Death
|9 December 2006, Athens, Greece
|Birth Name
|Aggeliki Agagiotou
Mini Bio (1)
Koula Agagiotou was born in 1915 in Athens, Greece as Aggeliki Agagiotou. She was an actress, known for To Retire (1990), Never on Sunday (1960) and Evdokia (1971). She died on December 9, 2006 in Athens.


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Parisian food imprint Fricote launch Issue 14 of their magazine. The front cover's artwork by Zim&Zou opens up into a series of creatively-minded features that help create a link between art, design and food. Among the notable features are 3D printings of famous French chefs alongside their signature dishes, recipes with Bertrand Grébaut's new place Clamato, and the photo-driven Warsteiner series by Mathieu Vilasco. Check out Fricote Issue 14 select specialty newsstands globally.


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13 Episodes Of "Community" To Watch Before The End Of The Day
Community is back! The fifth season of the low-rated but cult-followed sitcom debuts Thursday at 8:00pm. For those looking to join the fun, here are 13 of the show's best and most fitting episodes to watch before diving into the new season.
1. "Debate 109": Season 1, Episode 9
Sure, you can watch the pilot episode, and the first eight episodes of Season 1 have some unforgettable moments, but "Debate 109" is the first episode of the show that really feels like Community. Annie's debate partner drops out, and Jeff is talked into serving as a replacement in exchange for the Dean giving him a prime parking space. Meanwhile, Abed is able to create videos recreating events from the study group that manage to predict future events that occur. The story lines meet at the climax, where Jeff and Annie are forced to improvise and beat City College in debate. The show makes use of some of it's best characters, and sets up dynamics that will play throughout the show's run.
2. "Investigative Journalism": Season 1, Episode 13
Season 1 returned from winter break with a new episode where one of their classmates Buddy (special guest star Jack Black) is trying to force his way into the study group. This conflicts with Jeff's new, more relaxed personality, which Abed suggests makes him Hawkeye from M*A*S*H. One of the best episodes of season 1 that explores the group dynamic and showcases Community's understanding of pop culture, and its ability to do so on more than just a surface level.
3. "Contemporary American Poultry": Season 1, Episode 21
On the surface, "Contemporary American Poultry" is one of the show's first showcase parody episodes, where they pick a particular pop culture icon (in this case "Goodfellas") and put their own spin on it. The show works well as a "Goodfellas" parody, including a fantastic montage that both pays tribute to and undermines the original sequence. But what sets "Contemporary American Poultry" apart is that it allows again shows the importance of the group dynamic and manages to add in just the right level of sweetness to close on.
4. "Modern Warfare": Season 1, Episode 23
Not just one of the best episodes of Community, but of all television in 2010, this episode is the original paintball episode, the episode the defined Community as not just a good, funny sitcom, but a program capable of transcendent greatness into the upper echelon's of television. The plot is pretty much a straightforward parody of action movies, replacing the guns with paintball guns. The episode features some of the series' best pop culture parodies, and features the best use of Ken Jeong ever (including The Hangover). The episode was directed by Justin Lin of the Fast and Furious movies and may be Community's finest half hour.
5. "Cooperative Calligraphy": Season 2, Episode 8
"Cooperative Calligraphy" is a great episode of television that spends the length of the episode both mocking and recreating one of television's most historic tropes: The Bottle Episode. While most famously employed on the various Star Trek series (where it is more obvious), Abed and later Jeff make it clear that the entire episode will take place in the study room, making the action taking place outside (a puppy parade) all the more humorous. The episode manages to make all the characters both likeable and unlikeable at the same time, and is again one of Community's absolute best episodes.
6. "Abed's Uncontrollable Christmas": Season 2, Episode 11
Abed sets out to find the meaning of Christmas in this stop-motion animation episode (that only he can see), and manages to be sad, dark and uproariously funny all at the same time. Abed's belief that the world is stop-motion animation gets him into trouble with the school, and he is forced into counseling with Professor Ian Duncan. While exploring some dark themes, the show ends on another sweet note, and is probably the show's best holiday episode.
7. "Advanced Dungeons & Dragons": Season 2, Episode 14
A game of Dungeons & Dragons may not sound to all of us like the best setup for an episode of television, but by raising the stakes to an almost insanely high level in the opening segment, the episode has an incredible level of tension underneath it, and by making the interloper a stranger (Fat Neill, who would become yet another member of Community's amazing recurring background cast) the one in danger, the stakes somehow seemed even higher. Amazingly, the studio never wanted this episode to be produced thinking that Dungeon's & Dragons would never be accessible enough for a viewing audience.
8. "Paradigms of Human Memory": Season 2, Episode 21
Other shows have parodied clip shows before, but none have one so quite as effectively as Season 2's "Paradigms of Human Memory" which takes the time to mock a bunch of sitcom tropes before turning its attention directly to the tropes most commonly used by Community, mocking the show in a way only community can.
9. "Remedial Chaos Theory": Season 3, Episode 4
"Remedial Chaos Theory" is one of the show's finest half hours, showcasing all of the cast in different ways, while again showcasing each character's importance to the group. As the group gathers around to play Yahtzee in Troy and Abed's new apartment, they roll a die to see how has to go outside to fetch the pizza, creating six different timelines where different fates befall the group. It explores the group dynamic, establishes the "darkest timeline" and is full of great, silly, escalating gags.
10. "Documentary Filmmaking: Redux": Season 3, Episode 8
This is one of the most debated episodes of the first three seasons of Community, perhaps because of the levels it pushes the boundaries of what one might expect from a television sitcom. A parody of Hearts of Darkness: A Filmmaker's Apocalypse, a documentary film behind the making of Apocalypse Now, the episode is a showcase of star Joel McHale and Jim Rash as Dean Pelton. It was perhaps the show at its least accessible for outsiders, but if you loved this episode, there's very little from the first three seasons you probably didn't care for, as it mixes the study groups dynamic while showing again the program's chops for direct parody.
11. "Pillows And Blankets": Season 3, Episode 14
Another parody episode, this one in the style of a Ken Burns Civil War documentary, tells to story of Abed and Troy's dueling pillow/blanket forts as they seek a Guinness World Record. A direct followup to the previous episode, it can be watched effectively on its own. The show gets some great mileage updating the "actors reading historic letters" cliche, updating them for social media ("Leonard likes this post") and again manages to turn something silly and goofy into something touching and heartfelt in the final minutes.
12. "Introduction to Finality": Season 3, Episode 22
Season three's finale (the last episode with Dan Harmon's involvement before he returned for season five) is the show's finest finale. Originally aired as part of three back-to-back episodes, it focuses on the legal ownership of a sandwich shop in the cafeteria, while Evil Abed returns from the darkest timeline to try and reek havoc on the primary timeline. He is, of course, unsuccessful, but this episode proves the show doesn't need crazy parodies or outlandish plots in order to make us both laugh and care about these characters.
13. "Repilot": Season 5, Episode 1
Dan Harmon is back, everyone! And from all accounts the show is as good as ever, getting reviews comparable to season 2 and 3. That said, if this beloved show is going to get #sixseasonsandamovie it's going to need people to start watching, so tune in this season and enjoy one of the best comedies on television.
Interested in Community 102? Here are 13 more episodes to continue your Community education:
"Spanish 101": Season 1, Episode 2
"Comparative Religion" Season 1, Episode 12
"Physical Education": Season 1, Episode 17
"Basic Rocket Science": Season 2, Episode 4
"Conspiracy Theories and Interior Design": Season 2, Episode 9
"Mixology Certification": Season 2, Episode 10
"Intermediate Documentary Filmmaking": Season 2, Episode 16
"A Fistful of Paintballs"/"For a Few Paintballs More" Season 2, Episodes 23-24
"Geography of Global Conflict": Season 3, Episode 2
"Regional Holiday Music": Season 3, Episode 10
"Basic Lupine Urology": Seaosn 3, Episode 17
"Digital Estate Planning": Season 3 Episode 20
"Herstory of Dance": Season 4, Episode 8
Seasons 1-4 of Community are on DVD, Hulu Plus and Amazon Prime. Season 5 of Community premieres with two episodes at 8:00p.m. Eastern Time on NBC January 2.
This post was created by a member of BuzzFeed Community, where anyone can post awesome lists and creations. Learn more or post your buzz!
- A draft of a plan to repeal Obamacare was released that'll block federal funds from Planned Parenthood and cut healthcare benefits granted under the law.
- The widow of a Kansas immigrant who was allegedly killed by a white nationalist demanded answers from the government about stopping hate crimes in the US.
- Time to change your passwords: Uber and Fitbit are among the millions of websites that may have been compromised 🔐
- A billboard in North Carolina that claims "Real men provide. Real women appreciate it," has sparked controversy across the country 👀


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In this new R01, we will capitalize on the unique resources of our Early Life Exposure in Mexico to ENvironmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) program, a molecular environmental epidemiology birth cohort study that won the 1999 NIEHS Progress and Achievement Award, to conduct a rigorous study of the potential impact of population-wide levels of exposure to fluoride on neurodevelopment. This effort addresses a 2007 US National Research Council report which concluded that more research is needed to address the possibility that population-wide levels of fluoride exposure may pose a significant threat to neurobehavior. The exceptional data and resources of ELEMENT has allowed our team to publish over 40 papers related to the impact of prenatal and childhood exposure to lead and other toxicants on neurobehavioral and physical development. Using levels of fluoride measured in our archived urine, fasting plasma and toenail specimens, validated measures widely recognized as being the best available biomarkers of fluoride exposure, we propose to study the impact of prenatal and childhood fluoride exposures on widely used and validated measures of neurobehavior at 2 to 14 years of age utilizing 3 of the 4 cohorts of ELEMENT. Our pilot research on archived urine and plasma samples from 40 randomly chosen mother-offspring pairs using rigorous and cross-validated laboratory methods indicates that our ELEMENT subjects have a distribution of fluoride levels that will enable us to pursue our specific aims. Further, our pilot data shows evidence of an inverse relationship between prenatal biomarkers of fluoride exposure and general cognitive function at 2 years (Bayley Scales of Mental Development), 4 years (McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities) and 7-14 years (Wechsler Abbreviated Scales of Intelligence). Our overall goals will be to conduct a full investigation to () address hypotheses on the potential impact of pre- and postnatal exposures to fluoride on measures of overall neurobehavioral function;(B) explore the potential impacts of fluoride exposure on specific domains of neurobehavioral function, the shape of the dose-response relationships, differential susceptibility in relation to time windows of exposure (prenatal v. childhood), and, using archived data, potential interactions with lead exposure, another widely- distributed neurotoxicant;and (C) conduct a study of offspring to examine the drinking water, dietary, dentifrice, lifestyle, and other determinants of current urinary and toenail fluoride leves. Given the power of our archived resources and sample sizes, we will be able to accomplish this research at a small fraction of the cost and time required of a new study.
This research will directly address the issue as to whether population-wide levels of prenatal and/or childhood fluoride exposure is a significant risk factor for some forms of adverse neurobehavioral performance. Given the widespread nature of fluoride use and exposure and the lack of rigorous epidemiologic research on this topic of the current base of evidence, this research promises to make a major contribution to fluoride risk assessment and policy decision-making.
|Fortenberry, Gamola Z; Meeker, John D; Sanchez, Brisa N et al. (2014) Urinary 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPY) in pregnant women from Mexico City: distribution, temporal variability, and relationship with child attention and hyperactivity. Int J Hyg Environ Health 217:405-12
|Basu, Niladri; Tutino, Rebecca; Zhang, Zhenzhen et al. (2014) Mercury levels in pregnant women, children, and seafood from Mexico City. Environ Res 135:63-9
|Fortenberry, Gamola Z; Meeker, John D; Sánchez, Brisa N et al. (2014) Paraoxonase I polymorphisms and attention/hyperactivity in school-age children from Mexico City, Mexico. Environ Res 132:342-9
|Zahuranec, Darin B; Lisabeth, Lynda D; Sánchez, Brisa N et al. (2014) Intracerebral hemorrhage mortality is not changing despite declining incidence. Neurology 82:2180-6
|Roy, Ananya; Ettinger, Adrienne S; Hu, Howard et al. (2013) Effect modification by transferrin C2 polymorphism on lead exposure, hemoglobin levels, and IQ. Neurotoxicology 38:17-22


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Koudis Hair Braiding, beauty salon, listed under "Beauty Salons" category, is located at 2418 E Colfax Ave Denver CO, 80206 and can be reached by 3033882480 phone number. Koudis Hair Braiding has currently 0 reviews.This business profile is not yet claimed, and if you are the owner, claim your business profile for free. If you are not the owner you can invite this business to join by email or by phone.Browse all Beauty Salons in Denver CO. Discover census data for Denver, CO.
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Hotfrog SouthAfrica provides information regarding Eyewear Gallery Optometrist in Durban KwaZulu-Natal. Eyewear Gallery Optometrist is located at 202 Felix Dlamini Rd, Durban KwaZulu-Natal 4091 and provides Healthcare services. Contact them on 031 207 1123.
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EU Enlargement, Migration and the New Constitution
The paper deals with the effects of migration resulting from EU Eastern enlargement on the welfare states of Western Europe. Although migration is good in principle, as it yields gains from trade and specialization for all countries involved, it does so only if it meets with flexible labour markets and if it is not artificially induced by gifts from the welfare state. This is not the present state of affairs in Western Europe. In addition to measures that make labour markets more flexible, the introduction of delayed integration of working migrants and the home country principle for non-working migrants is a rational reaction of the state. The proposed new EU constitution which contains far-reaching rules for a European social union should be amended accordingly.
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Web page: http://www.cesifo-group.de
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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
- George J. Borjas, 1998.
"Immigration and Welfare Magnets,"
NBER Working Papers
6813, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Borjas, George J, 1999. "Immigration and Welfare Magnets," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 17(4), pages 607-637, October.
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Lot 60: R.M.S. TITANIC: Rare collection 'pre-Titanic-sinking' Olympic pos
Titanic & Travel Memorabilia
by Henry Aldridge & Son
October 22, 2016
Devizes, United Kingdom
Past Lot
Looking for the realized and estimated price?
Description: R.M.S. TITANIC: Rare collection 'pre-Titanic-sinking' Olympic postcards, mostly real photo showing launch, construction and early career; some unusual views. (11)
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text:
Jessie Lunderby is a 21-year-old jailer from Washington County, Arkansas who is causing quite a stir because of her recent photo on Playboy.com.
KSLA News is reporting that she was put on "administrative leave" for the photo, which she took in her own time, off-duty from work. Officials of the Washington County Sheriff's Office say
they're investigating to determine if her out-of-uniform photos violate
Lunderby is specifically being investigated for "conduct unbecoming of an officer" and for failing to get permission for
off-duty work. But Jessie says she did get permission and that it wasn't an issue until the photos came out, according to Arkansas Online.
But Lunderby is happy she posed for the famed men's magazine's website,
even if her phone is going crazy and her email is clogged, she tells a local
TV station.
Posed for Playboy" and stars Lynda Carter and
Amanda Peterson. You really should check it out sometime if you are not
We hope Jessie gets this sorted out — it's not like she's even fully
nude! The Dish Rag calls shenanigans on the administrative leave.
Follow Zap2it and Zap2it Andrea on
Twitter and Zap2it


text:
By Lt. Col. Mark Davey
and Spc. Justin Naylor
1st Cavalry Division public affairs
Odds are a funny thing. The odds of winning the lottery can be millions to one, but somebody will win. Maybe that someone is next door.
That is the case for Ranger Class 12-94, where two battalion commanders, a first sergeant and a company executive office all find themselves in the same brigade combat team nearly 17 years after graduating Ranger School.
Lt. Col. Chip Daniels, commander of 1st Battalion, 5th Cavalry Regiment, 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division; Lt. Col. Mark Davey, commander of 2nd Special Troops Battalion, 2nd Brigade Combat Team; Capt. William Soto, the executive officer of Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 2nd Special Troops Battalion; and 1st Sgt. John Edwards, of Alpha Company, 1st Battalion, 5th Cavalry Regiment, are all now part of the Black Jack Brigade - defying the odds even more by working out of the same headquarters building.
"Ranger class 12-94 was nothing out of the ordinary," Daniels said. "The class began as all do - the premier training event for small-unit leaders. The odds were when our … soldiers finished the course, their chances of seeing each other again were good, but serving together, in the same brigade, and the same building-that's a winning ticket!"
None of these soldiers had really stayed in contact over the years, making there meeting all the more surprising for them.
"I showed up here one week before the change of command, and I saw Chip's name and thought it looked familiar, but it didn't click," said Davey. "We saw each other's face and instantly recognized."
Later, Daniels and Davey recognized Soto and Edwards, and the group has been reliving memories ever since.
"The reunions have been interesting," said Daniels, who remembers one story particularly vividly.
"Our group was slugging through the Florida swamps, and after days without sleep, I was beginning to hallucinate. Because of this, I kept wandering off and the instructors finally got so angry that they forced us all to tie into a giant rope and continue moving while attached together. After hours of getting caught on trees and stumbling around, we were finally allowed to disconnect and sleep wherever we could."
Although none of the other soldiers knew it was Daniels' fault at the time, they have since learned and have thanked him for one of their more miserable nights.
Although Ranger school was a long time ago for these soldiers, the memories and friendships they forged there are still strong.
"I think I know him (Daniels]) as well as some of his friends that have known him for years because I've seen him at his best and worst," said Davey.
"We've shared some pretty rough times together," Soto said. "Now that we know that we went to Ranger School together we can look at each other and say 'I went through the same things you did.'"
"I didn't think I would end up working with any of them," said Daniels. "I've seen someone I was in Ranger School with maybe once or twice before this. For there to be so many of us (here), it will probably never happen again."
What makes it especially unique, according to Edwards, is the fact that while he and Soto were both infantry, Daniels was an armor officer and Davey was a military intelligence officer, two fields that didn't commonly go through Ranger school at the time.


text:
Directions to the Wyoming State Fairgrounds
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Cerise and salmon sunflowers are joined by olive and red daisies on an ivory fabric. This surgical scrub hat would look great with Hunter Green Scrubs.
The blue sky scrubs Surigical Scrubs Pixie Hat is worn by women with short hair, long hair, or anywhere in-between. Add a personal touch to your scrub uniforms with any one of our many scrub caps.


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With Instructables you can share what you make with the world, and tap into an ever-growing community of creative experts.
This is my cheap attempt at stormtrooper costumes for my 4 and 6 year olds. It's made to be lightweight and flexible for comfort but still hold true ...
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radionomy BHeard Radio
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Boardroom magazine developed the award program to help vitalize and preserve the institution of private clubs by fostering a ceaseless drive to ever improve the "Member Experience" provided by private clubs throughout the world. Distinguished Gold Club status will be awarded to those private clubs that are within the top 6 percent of all clubs, and those within the top 4 percent will be awarded Distinguished Emerald Club status.
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text:
$ cabal install unagi-bloomfilter
The library uses the bloom-1 variant from "Fast Bloom Filters and Their Generalization" by Yan Qiao, et al. I'll try to write more about it when I have the time. Also I just gave a talk on things I learned working on the project last night at the New York Haskell User Group:
It was quite rough, but I was happy to hear from folks that found some interesting things to take away from it.
Thanks to Gershom for inviting me to speak, for my company Signal Vine for sponsoring my trip out, and to Yan Qiao for generously answering my silly questions and helping me understand the paper.
Signal Vine is an awesome group of people, with interesting technology and problems to solve, and we're looking to grow the small development team. If you have some experience with haskell (you don't have to be a guru) and are interested, please reach out to Jason or me at:
cabal install hashabler
(see my initial announcement post which has some motivation and pretty pictures)
You can see the CHANGELOG but the main change is an implementation of SipHash. It's about as fast as our implementation of FNV-1a for bytestrings of length fifty and slightly faster when you get to length 1000 or so, so you should use it unless you're wanting a hash with a simple implementation.
If you're implementing a new hashing algorithm or hash-based data structure, please consider using hashabler instead of hashable.]]>
hashabler and wanted to share
a nice way I found to translate stateful bit-twiddling code in C (which makes
heavy use of bitwise assignment operators) to haskell.
I was working from the
reference implementation.
As you can see statefulness and mutability are an implicit part of how the
algorithm is defined, as it modifies the states of the
v variables.
#define SIPROUND \
do { \
v0 += v1; v1=ROTL(v1,13); v1 ^= v0; v0=ROTL(v0,32); \
v2 += v3; v3=ROTL(v3,16); v3 ^= v2; \
v0 += v3; v3=ROTL(v3,21); v3 ^= v0; \
v2 += v1; v1=ROTL(v1,17); v1 ^= v2; v2=ROTL(v2,32); \
} while(0)
int siphash( uint8_t *out, const uint8_t *in, uint64_t inlen, const uint8_t *k )
/* ... */
for ( ; in != end; in += 8 )
m = U8TO64_LE( in );
v3 ^= m;
for( i=0; i<cROUNDS; ++i ) SIPROUND;
v0 ^= m;
I wanted to translate this sort of code as directly as possible (I'd already decided if it didn't work on the first try I would burn my laptop and live in the woods, rather than debug this crap).
First we'll use name shadowing to "fake" our mutable variables, making it easy to ensure we're always dealing with the freshest values.
{-# OPTIONS_GHC -fno-warn-name-shadowing #-}
We'll also use
RecordWildCards to make it easy to capture the "current state"
of these values, through folds and helper functions.
{-# LANGUAGE RecordWildCards #-}
And finally we use the trivial
Identity monad
(this trick I learned from Oleg)
which gets us the proper scoping we want for our
v values:
import Data.Functor.Identity
Here's a bit of the haskell:
siphash :: Hashable a => SipKey -> a -> Word64
siphash (k0,k1) = \a-> runIdentity $ do
let v0 = 0x736f6d6570736575
v1 = 0x646f72616e646f6d
v2 = 0x6c7967656e657261
v3 = 0x7465646279746573
v3 <- return $ v3 `xor` k1;
v2 <- return $ v2 `xor` k0;
v1 <- return $ v1 `xor` k1;
v0 <- return $ v0 `xor` k0;
-- Initialize rest of SipState:
let mPart = 0
bytesRemaining = 8
inlen = 0
SipState{ .. } <- return $ hash (SipState { .. }) a
let !b = inlen `unsafeShiftL` 56
v3 <- return $ v3 `xor` b
-- for( i=0; i<cROUNDS; ++i ) SIPROUND;
(v0,v1,v2,v3) <- return $ sipRound v0 v1 v2 v3
(v0,v1,v2,v3) <- return $ sipRound v0 v1 v2 v3
v0 <- return $ v0 `xor` b
(v0,v1,v2,v3) <- return $ sipRound v0 v1 v2 v3
return $! v0 `xor` v1 `xor` v2 `xor` v3
If you were really doing a lot of this sort of thing, you could even make a simple quasiquoter that could translate bitwise assignment into code like the above.]]>
cabal install hashabler
hashabler is a rewrite of the hashable
library by Milan Straka and Johan Tibell, having the following goals:
Extensibility; it should be easy to implement a new hashing algorithm on any Hashable type, for instance if one needed more hash bits
Honest hashing of values, and principled hashing of algebraic data types (see e.g. #30)
Cross-platform consistent hash values, with a versioning guarantee. Where possible we ensure morally identical data hashes to indentical values regardless of processor word size and endianness.
Make implementing identical hash routines in other languages as painless as possible. We provide an implementation of a simple hashing algorithm (FNV-1a) and make an effort define Hashable instances in a way that is well-documented and sensible, so that e.g. one can (hopefully) easily implement string hashing routine in JavaScript that will match the way we hash strings here.
I started writing a fast concurrent bloom filter variant, but found none of the
existing libraries fit my needs. In particular
hashable was deficient in a
number of ways:
The number of hash bits my data structure requires can vary based on user parameters, and possibly be more than the 64-bits supported by hashable
Users might like to serialize their bloomfilter and store it, pass it to other machines, or work with it in a different language, so we need
I was also very concerned about the general approach taken for algebraic types,
which results in collision, the use of "hashing" numeric values to themselves,
dubious combining functions, etc. It wasn't at all clear to me how to ensure my
data structure wouldn't be broken if I used
hashable. See below for a very
brief investigation into hash goodness of the two libraries.
There isn't interest in supporting my use case or addressing these issues in
hashable (see e.g. #73, #30, and #74)
and apparently hashable is working in practice for people, but maybe this new
package will be useful for some other folks.
Hashing-based data structures assume some "goodness" of the underlying hash function, and may depend on the goodness of the hash function in ways that aren't always clear or well-understood. "Goodness" also seems to be somewhat subjective, but can be expressed statistically in terms of bit-independence tests, and avalanche properties, etc.; various things that e.g. smhasher looks at.
I thought for fun I'd visualize some distributions, as that's easier for my puny brain to understand than statistics. We visualize 32-bit hashes by quantizing by 64x64 and mapping that to a pixel following a hilbert curve to maintain locality of hash values. Then when multiple hash values fall within the same 64x64 pixel, we darken the pixel, and finally mark it red if we can't go any further to indicate clipping.
It's easy to cherry-pick inputs that will result in some bad behavior by
hashable, but below I've tried to show some fairly realistic examples of
strange or less-good distributions in
hashable. I haven't analysed these
at all. Images are cropped ¼ size, but are representative of the whole 32-bit
First, here's a hash of all
[Ordering] of size 10 (~59K distinct values):
Next here's the hash of one million
(Word8,Word8,Word8) (having a domain ~ 16 mil):
I saw no difference when hashing english words, which is good news as that's probably a very common use-case.
If you could test the library on a big endian machine and let me know how it goes, that would be great. See here.
You can also check out the TODOs scattered throughout the code and send pull requests. I mayb not be able to get to them until June, but will be very grateful!
I'm always open to interesting work or just hearing about how companies are using haskell. Feel free to send me an email at email@example.com]]>
At a high level
criterion makes your benchmark the inner loop of a function,
and runs that loop a bunch of times, measures the result, and then divides by
the number of iterations it performed. The approach is both useful for comparing
alternative implementations, and probably the only meaningful way of answering
"how long does this code take to run", short of looking at the assembly and
counting the instructions and consulting your processor's manual.
If you're skeptical, here's a benchmark we'd expect to be very fast:
import Criterion.Main
main :: IO ()
main = do
defaultMain [
bench "sum2" $ nf sum [1::Int,2]
, bench "sum4" $ nf sum [1::Int,2,3,4]
, bench "sum5" $ nf sum [1::Int,2,3,4,5]
And indeed it's on the order of nanoseconds:
benchmarking sum2
time 27.20 ns (27.10 ns .. 27.35 ns)
mean 28.72 ns (27.29 ns .. 32.44 ns)
std dev 6.730 ns (853.1 ps .. 11.71 ns)
variance introduced by outliers: 98% (severely inflated)
benchmarking sum4
time 58.45 ns (58.31 ns .. 58.59 ns)
mean 58.47 ns (58.26 ns .. 58.66 ns)
std dev 654.6 ps (547.1 ps .. 787.8 ps)
variance introduced by outliers: 11% (moderately inflated)
benchmarking sum5
time 67.08 ns (66.84 ns .. 67.33 ns)
mean 67.04 ns (66.85 ns .. 67.26 ns)
std dev 705.5 ps (596.3 ps .. 903.5 ps)
The results are consistent with each other;
sum seems to be linear, taking
13-14ns per list element, across our different input sizes.
This is what I was doing today which motivated this post. I was experimenting with measuring the inner loop of a hash function:
fnvInnerLoopTest :: Word8 -> Word32
{-# INLINE fnvInnerLoopTest #-}
fnvInnerLoopTest b = (2166136261 `xor` fromIntegral b) * 16777619
These were the results criterion gave me:
benchmarking test
time 9.791 ns (9.754 ns .. 9.827 ns)
mean 9.798 ns (9.759 ns .. 9.862 ns)
std dev 167.3 ps (117.0 ps .. 275.3 ps)
variance introduced by outliers: 24% (moderately inflated)
These are the sorts of timescales that get into possibly measuring overhead of function calls, boxing/unboxing, etc. and should make you skeptical of criterion's result. So I unrolled 4 and 8 iteration versions of these and measured the results:
main :: IO ()
main = do
defaultMain [
bench "test" $ nf fnvInnerLoopTest 7
, bench "test4" $ nf fnvInnerLoopTest4 (7,8,9,10)
, bench "test8" $ nf fnvInnerLoopTest8 (7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14)
benchmarking test
time 9.380 ns (9.346 ns .. 9.418 ns)
mean 9.448 ns (9.399 ns .. 9.567 ns)
std dev 240.4 ps (137.9 ps .. 418.6 ps)
variance introduced by outliers: 42% (moderately inflated)
benchmarking test4
time 12.66 ns (12.62 ns .. 12.72 ns)
mean 12.68 ns (12.64 ns .. 12.73 ns)
std dev 158.8 ps (126.9 ps .. 215.7 ps)
variance introduced by outliers: 15% (moderately inflated)
benchmarking test8
time 17.88 ns (17.82 ns .. 17.94 ns)
mean 17.89 ns (17.81 ns .. 17.97 ns)
std dev 262.7 ps (210.3 ps .. 349.7 ps)
variance introduced by outliers: 19% (moderately inflated)
So this seems to give a more clear picture of how good our bit twiddling is in that inner loop. I was curious if I could measure the overhead directly in criterion though. Somewhat surprisingly to me, it seems I could!
I added the following benchmark to my list:
, bench "baseline32" $ nf (\x-> x) (777::Word32)
The idea being to isolate the overhead of applying the most trivial function
and calling
nf on an example value of our output type (
Word32 in this
benchmarking baseline32
time 9.485 ns (9.434 ns .. 9.543 ns)
mean 9.509 ns (9.469 ns .. 9.559 ns)
std dev 155.8 ps (122.6 ps .. 227.8 ps)
variance introduced by outliers: 23% (moderately inflated)
If we consider this value the baseline for the measurements initially reported,
the new results are both linear-ish, as we would expect, and also the resulting
absolute measurements fall about where we'd expect from the assembly we'd hope
for (I still need to verify that this is actually the case), e.g. our intial
test is in the ~1ns range, about what we'd expect from an inner loop with a
couple instructions.
I thought this was compelling enough to open an issue to see whether this technique might be incorporated into criterion directly. It's at least a useful technique that I'll keep playing with.
Anyway, benchmark your code.]]>


text:
29 photos
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By Andrew Bagnato, AP Sports Writer
PHOENIX The Big Unit took a big step Thursday night.
Five months after back surgery, Randy Johnson struck out five in three shutout innings as the Arizona Diamondbacks lost to the San Diego Padres 5-3. Johnson gave up two hits in his second start of the spring and his first against major leaguers.
"There's a world of difference between how I'm pitching in spring training than the way I was pitching the last two or three months of last year," said Johnson, who won 17 games with the New York Yankees last season despite back problems. "Mentally, I'm there. I just need everything else to catch up. I feel pretty good and I feel very confident."
Arizona's main offseason acquisition, Johnson returned to the desert after two frustrating seasons in New York. This was Johnson's first game in Chase Field - known as Bank One Ballpark when he was winning four Cy Young Awards as the resident ace - since Oct. 2, 2004, when he beat the Padres 7-6.
On Thursday night, Johnson breezed through a lineup that had three regulars. In the first inning, he retired Jose Cruz Jr. on a fly ball and struck out Geoff Blum and Adrian Gonzalez.
In the second, Johnson gave up a single to Kevin Kouzmanoff, who was caught stealing as Johnson struck out Russell Branyan. Johnson also struck out Terrmel Sledge.
In the third, Pete Laforest led off with an infield single and was erased on Sean Kazmar's double-play grounder. Johnson ended his stint by striking out starting pitcher Mike Thompson.
Johnson threw 38 pitches, 28 for strikes. He said he is throwing his slider with more authority than he did for much of last season, when he had a 5.00 ERA. His fastball was clocked at 93 mph.
"That's a slow gun out there, too," Johnson said with a smile.
Johnson will start the season on the disabled list. The Diamondbacks have not set a timetable for him to join the rotation, but he said he probably needs three more starts, which means he could be ready by the season's third week.
"I'm going to miss probably two, three starts in the regular season," Johnson said. "That might be a good thing. I just don't want to miss any more throughout the course of the year because I tried to push the envelope now to get back earlier. The season's not going to be won or lost in the first month."
Manager Bob Melvin was encouraged by Johnson's performance.
"His command was unbelievable for a guy with the injury," Melvin said. "He had a great slider. He was hitting 93, and he was hitting both sides of the plate."
The Diamondbacks have already announced their first four starting pitchers - reigning NL Cy Young Award winner Brandon Webb, Livan Hernandez, Doug Davis and Edgar Gonzalez. They'll need a fifth starter until Johnson returns.
During the game, the club optioned two candidates - right-hander Enrique Gonzalez and lefty Dana Eveland - to the minors. That seemed to make right-hander Micah Owings the front-runner. Owings relieved Johnson and allowed four runs and eight hits in four innings.
The Associated Press