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Courtyard by Marriott Grand Rapids Airport Accommodation & Rooms
- Free WiFi and free parking
Main amenities
- 84 smoke-free guestrooms
- Indoor pool
- Breakfast available
- Bar/lounge
- Fitness center
- Business center
- 24-hour front desk
- Coffee/tea in a common area
- Air conditioning
- Daily housekeeping
- Front desk safe
- Snack bar/deli
For families
- Free cribs/infant beds
- Rollaway/extra beds (free)
- Refrigerator
- Connecting/adjoining rooms available
- Private bathroom
- Premium TV channels
What's around
- Patterson Ice Center (0.4 mi / 0.6 km)
- Orbit Room (1.4 mi / 2.3 km)
- Woodland Mall (1.9 mi / 3.1 km)
- Calvin College Ecosystem Preserve (2.9 mi / 4.7 km)
- Calvin College (3 mi / 4.8 km)
Courtyard by Marriott Grand Rapids Airport Accommodation & Rooms
Hotel Info: 0800 991 333from ZAR 1,519
- Deluxe Room
- Standard Room
- Standard Room, 1 King Bed
- Standard Room, 1 King Bed
- Standard Room, 1 King Bed
More great choices
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 84 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 3 floors
- Check-in time 3 PM-midnight
- Check-out time is noon
- Express check-in/out
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
Travelling with others
- Pets not allowed
- Free WiFi in public areas
- Free WiFi in rooms
- Free self parking (limited)
Other information
- Smoke-free property
Nearby Three Star Grand Rapids hotels
In the hotel
- Cooked-to-order breakfast daily (surcharge)
- Bar/lounge
- Coffee shop/café
- Snack bar/deli
- Coffee/tea in a common area
- Indoor pool
- Fitness facilities
- Business center
- Conference space
- Conference space size (feet) - 625
- Conference space size (meters) - 58
- One meeting room
- 24-hour front desk
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Free newspapers in lobby
- Year Built 1997
- Elevator/lift
- ATM/banking
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Television in common areas
- Accessible bathroom
- In-room accessibility
- Roll-in shower
In the room
- In-room climate control (air conditioning)
- Air conditioning
- Coffee/tea maker
- Iron/ironing board
- Hypo-allergenic bedding available
- Blackout drapes/curtains
- Premium bedding
- Private bathroom
- Shower/tub combination
- Designer toiletries
- Hair dryer
- Flat-screen TV
- Premium TV channels
- Desk
- Free newspaper
- Free WiFi
- Phone
- Refrigerator
- Daily housekeeping
- Connecting/adjoining rooms available
Top Grand Rapids hotels
Nearby hotels
Recommended hotels
Courtyard by Marriott Grand Rapids Airport Accommodation & Rooms's small print
Also known as
- Courtyard Grand Rapids Airport
- Courtyard Marriott Grand Rapids Airport
- Courtyard Marriott Hotel Grand Rapids Airport
- Marriott Courtyard Grand Rapids Airport
- Marriott Grand Rapids Airport
- Courtyard Marriott Grand Rapids Airport Hotel
The property has connecting/adjoining rooms, which are subject to availability and can be requested by contacting the property using the number on the booking confirmation.
Optional extras
Breakfast costs between USD 8.00 and USD 13.00 per person (approximately)
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.
Recent reviews
Excellent 4.2 /5 from 125 reviews
Hotel service was very disappointing. No coffee left in room and resturaunt closed in the evening when advertised as a full service resturaunt. Would not stay there again.
Not a bad rate thanks to hotels.com. Overall we enjoyed our stay and will definitely consider Courtyard Marriott for the future.
Very nice hotel, near the airport, but not affected from plane noise. City is pretty near too and the area has several dining options
Comfortable, clean, staff was so nice, we had a nice view of the woods from our room. We went to Comic Con, Grand Rapids..this hotel was in a great location, friendly neighborhood, quiet too. Can't say enough nice things about it, planning to come back next year.
Our experience was generally a good one except the mattress was terrible!! You pick a place to stay so you can get a good nights sleep and wake up refreshed to start a new day. What you don't need is a lumpy mattress and wake up to a back ache.
Is the description of this hotel not correct? Tell us


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Oh, That is nice Donald. My first two ABs were Shiek and Tel Aviv which
I still have both, although neither has thrived, I refuse to give up on
them. My Shiek is blooming now, but no other AB, so, what would happen
if I cross it with a TB? Jan
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$865—$1,218 1—3 bed 27830 Pacific Highway S, Federal Way WA, 98003
from $865 1—3 bed
27830 Pacific Highway S, Federal Way, 98003
Commute to Downtown Des Moines
The rent at Barkley Ridge Apartments ranges from $865 for a one bedroom to a $1,218 three bedroom. Apartments in this building are about 18% less expensive than the Federal Way average.
This apartment is in Federal Way. Nearby parks include Heritage Woods Park, Wotton Park and Woodmont Park.
Barkley Ridge Apartments has a Walk Score of 43 out of 100. This location is a Car-Dependent neighborhood so most errands require a car.
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Owner/manager tools | Report bad listing | From apartmentsearch.com
Federal Way, Washington, 98003
Most errands require a car.
A few nearby public transportation options.
About your score
Explore how far you can travel by car, bus, bike and foot from Barkley Ridge Apartments.
Barkley Ridge Apartments has some transit which means a few nearby public transportation options. Car sharing is available from RelayRides.
Bus lines:
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View all Federal Way apartments on a map.
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Julienned Vegetable Salad
|3 Medium
|2⁄3 Pound (2 Whole)
|1 Medium
|1⁄4 Pound
|1 , juiced
|2 Cup (32 tbs)
|Creme fraiche
|2 Tablespoon
|1 Pinch
|Freshly ground white pepper
|1 Pinch
|1 Pinch
|Worcestershire sauce
|1 Dash
|Lettuce head
|1 Small
|Hard boiled eggs
|1 Bunch (100 gm)
Clean the carrots and the zucchini and cut into thin slices, then into julienne strips.
Wash, peel and julienne the kohlrabi.
Clean, wash and thinly slice the mushrooms; then sprinkle immediately with some of the lemon juice.
Stir together the yogurt and the creme fraiche.
Add the remaining lemon juice, salt, pepper, sugar and Worcestershire sauce.
Wash and shake the chervil dry.
Setting aside a few sprigs for garnish, chop the rest and add to the salad dressing.
Stir the dressing into the vegetables.
Separate the lettuce leaves, wash, dry, and arrange them on a salad platter.
Heap the salad on the lettuce leaves and sprinkle with chopped egg; garnish with chervil.
Rate It
Nutrition Rank
Nutrition Facts
Serving size: Complete recipe
Calories 1108 Calories from Fat 334
% Daily Value*
Total Fat 38 g58.3%
Saturated Fat 13.8 g68.9%
Trans Fat 0 g
Cholesterol 542.2 mg180.7%
Sodium 1081.1 mg45%
Total Carbohydrates 155 g51.8%
Dietary Fiber 47.6 g190.5%
Sugars 55.3 g
Protein 78 g156.7%
Vitamin A 1433.1% Vitamin C 921.2%
Calcium 237.9% Iron 233.9%
*Based on a 2000 Calorie diet


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Exporting and capital investment: On the strategic behavior of exporters
By exporting, firms sell in markets whose business cycles are not perfectly correlated, and so can be expected to have more stable cash flows. If companies are liquidity constrained, this stability of cash flows can provide exporters with certain advantages over firms that operate solely in a domestic market. For instance, under the existence of liquidity constraints, more stable cash flows should foster more stable capital investments. Moreover, the expectation of more stable future cash flows and the information signal from commencing exporting can lessen the severity of liquidity constraints for exporters compared to non-exporters. We test these arguments by examining a stratified representative sample of the Spanish manufacturing sector from 1990 to 1998. Our results suggest that exporters' cash flows and capital investments are more stable than non-exporters'. Moreover, we find that liquidity constraints are less binding for exporters than for non-exporters. The richness of our data allows us to examine alternative explanations for the results we present. We conclude by discussing the strategic implications of our findings for firms.
If you experience problems downloading a file, check if you have the proper application to view it first. In case of further problems read the IDEAS help page. Note that these files are not on the IDEAS site. Please be patient as the files may be large.
|23 pages
|Date of creation:
|29 Sep 2002
|Contact details of provider:
| Postal: IESE Business School, Av Pearson 21, 08034 Barcelona, SPAIN
Web page: http://www.iese.edu/
More information through EDIRC
References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
- Baldwin, Richard, 1988.
"Hyteresis in Import Prices: The Beachhead Effect,"
American Economic Review,
American Economic Association, vol. 78(4), pages 773-785, September.
- Richard Baldwin, 1988. "Hysteresis In Import Prices: The Beachhead Effect," NBER Working Papers 2545, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Sofronis Clerides & Saul Lach & James Tybout, 1996.
"Is "learning-by-exporting" important? Micro-dynamic evidence from Colombia, Mexico and Morocco,"
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
96-30, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
- Sofronis K. Clerides & Saul Lach & James R. Tybout, 1998. "Is Learning by Exporting Important? Micro-Dynamic Evidence from Colombia, Mexico, and Morocco," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Oxford University Press, vol. 113(3), pages 903-947.
- Sofronis Clerides & Saul Lach & James Tybout, 1996. "Is "Learning-by-Exporting" Important? Micro-Dynamic Evidence from Colombia, Mexico and Morocco," NBER Working Papers 5715, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Andrew B. Bernard & J. Bradford Jensen, 1997.
"Exceptional Exporter Performance: Cause, Effect, or Both?,"
NBER Working Papers
6272, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Bernard, Andrew B. & Bradford Jensen, J., 1999. "Exceptional exporter performance: cause, effect, or both?," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 1-25, February.
- Bernard, A., 1997. "Exceptional Exporter Performance: Cause, Effect, or Both?," Working papers 97-21, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Department of Economics.
- Gilchrist, S. & Himmelberg, C.P., 1995.
"Evidence on the Role of Cash Flow for Investment,"
95-29, Columbia - Graduate School of Business.
- Gilchrist, Simon & Himmelberg, Charles P., 1995. "Evidence on the role of cash flow for investment," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 36(3), pages 541-572, December.
- Simon Gilchrist & Charles P. Himmelberg, 1995. "Evidence on the Role of Cash Flow for Investment," Working Papers 95-01, New York University, Leonard N. Stern School of Business, Department of Economics.
- Simon Gilchrist & Charles P. Himmelberg, 1993. "Evidence on the role of cash flow for investment," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 93-7, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
- Bee Yan Aw & Xiaomin Chen & Mark J. Roberts, 1997. "Firm-level Evidence on Productivity Differentials, Turnover, and Exports in Taiwanese Manufacturing," NBER Working Papers 6235, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Fumio Hayashi, 1981.
"Tobin's Marginal q and Average a : A Neoclassical Interpretation,"
Discussion Papers
457, Northwestern University, Center for Mathematical Studies in Economics and Management Science.
- Hayashi, Fumio, 1982. "Tobin's Marginal q and Average q: A Neoclassical Interpretation," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 50(1), pages 213-224, January.
- Steven Fazzari & R. Glenn Hubbard & Bruce C. Petersen, 1987.
"Financing Constraints and Corporate Investment,"
NBER Working Papers
2387, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Steven M. Fazzari & R. Glenn Hubbard & BRUCE C. PETERSEN, 1988. "Financing Constraints and Corporate Investment," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 19(1), pages 141-206.
- Hirsch, Seev & Lev, Baruch, 1971. "Sales Stabilization Through Export Diversification," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 53(3), pages 270-277, August.
- Jonathan L Calof, 1994. "The Relationship Between Firm Size and Export Behavior Revisited," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 25(2), pages 367-387, June.
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NLT Outreach Bible HB
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DetailsThis is the ultimate beach spray. For starters, it's super effective at locking in waves and giving you the volume for big, sexy hair. And unlike most beach sprays, it's not greasy, heavy, or overly textured (making your hair tangled and grimy). It's 100% organic, with sea salt for an authentic beachy feel, aloe vera for softness, and essential oils that give it a light, feminine rose scent. And it's almost impossible to overdo it, so you don't have to worry that one too many sprays will make your hair crunchy and stiff.
- Captain Blankenship
- Mermaid Mane Sea Salt Spray
- $24.00
IngredientsDistilled water, sea salt, organic aloe vera, vegetable glycerine, organic essential oils of rose geranium and palmarosaShipping
- Spray generously onto dry hair and scrunch
- 4 oz
- Estimated delivery: 7-12 calendar days
- Members receive Free Standard US Ground Shipping on orders $50 and over. Standard shipping charges apply for non-members.
- Joyus ships to all 50 U.S states. We do not ship to P.O. Boxes, American Samoa, Guam, The Federated States of Micronesia, The Marshall Islands, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, or The Virgin Islands.
- Return shipping is always on us. Return within the first 30 days, and you'll receive your refund in its original form of payment. Please note that shipping charges are not refundable. After 30 days you'll receive Joyus Dollars to spend on any future purchase.
- Captain Blankenship
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text:
"Unusual Soldiers" the song from Caleb Bislow on Vimeo.
At Timberlakes Camp in 2006 Caleb Bislow decided to scrap all of his old sermons that "worked" at other camps and developed a series that matched the deepest depths of his heart. The title of the series was "Unusual Soldiers." The camp ended up being a pivotal moment for Caleb as he gained clarity on his calling to raise up Unusual Soldiers. At the close of the camp one of the leaders, Bryan Canny, wrote a song that embraced Caleb's life vision. Its a song about shifting from being the dry bones of a slain army in a battlefield to being Unusual Soldiers that long to be on the frontlines for Christ (Ezekiel 37). The song starts slow and ramps up to a battle cry – much like that of one transitioning from being spiritually dry/dead to being fully alive in Christ.
PS. I could not find pictures from every group that has gone through training so check back because your mug may be one of the faces on this video in the days aheads.


text:
Cathy is planning ahead.... takes years to develop a display garden, so he
should start now :)
> -----Original Message-----
> But Cathy, people don't "walk in" to an internet mailorder company.
> Kitty
> neIN, Z5
> ----- Original Message -----
> > Since most of us respond to visuals, why not make your nursery not
> > just rows of plants in pots, but a garden where people can actually
> > see (at least some) of those plants in a landscape or in containers?
> > Folks may walk in with a mental picture culled from a magazine (a
> > picture taken in a location that no way shares your growing
> > conditions), but what they then see growing around your nursery will
> > banish the former from their minds.
> >
> > Cathy, west central IL, z5b
To sign-off this list, send email to email@example.com with the
message text UNSUBSCRIBE GARDENCHAT


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Tropical Fish Keeping - Aquarium fish care and resources (http://www.tropicalfishkeeping.com/forum.php)
- Catfish (http://www.tropicalfishkeeping.com/catfish/)
- - glass cats? (http://www.tropicalfishkeeping.com/catfish/glass-cats-17350/)
glass cats?
uhh i temporairly have 2glass catfish in a10gallon setup and plan to get 3-4more next weekend....but these are hidding only comming out at night if im not mistaken they like to be in numbers but does this mean if i have 6of em and the lights are on will they go out and swim out of the hidding spot?
Re: glass cats?
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Results 1 to 3 of 3
- 05-13-2011, 01:57 PM Thread Author #1
- Posts
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- Carrier
- CM7 nightly#77
CM7 no service and system force close
I ve been running CM7 for about a week now without a hitch. Today, all of the sudden I had no service, and the system keeps force closing. Ive done a full re-install twice and it works fine untill I reboot, then it goes back to no sevice and system force close. I just re-installed an older ROM from nandroid(Warm), and everything is working fine. Must be something to do with CM7. Anyone having the same problem, or a fix?
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Hmmm .... I have never expereinced the No Service issue. Had some force close issues with nighlty 72 I think it was. Did a complete wipe as I was probably due after many nightlies with only a wipe of cache and davlik. Side benefit was I finally fixed some settings with notificatons that were off as well. Would not accept the changes I made.
Which version are you having issues with?
- 05-13-2011, 02:31 PM Thread Author #3


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Like the NZL Sailing Team's rise from grassroots clubs around New Zealand to successful international athletes, Zhik has grown from a small Australasian dinghy sailing company to a global leader in fast wet gear products and high tech footwear.
'We put the same dedication and commitment into developing our gear as these sailors put into their campaigns. We want our gear to help the NZL Sailing Team win medals at World Championships and the Rio 2016 Olympics.' Brian continues.
The NZL Yachting Trust Youth Team will also benefit from this new relationship, as will other YNZ programmes such as Volvo Sailing…Have a Go! and the Learn to Sail/ Learn to Race courses.
Later this year, the public will be able to purchase Zhik items from the NZL Sailing range, with a percentage from all products sold going back into YNZ grassroots sailing programmes.
YNZ's Chief Executive Dave Abercrombie explains: 'When we launch the NZL Sailing range of clothing later this year, a percentage of sales from those garments will be put back into YNZ's club-based programmes.'
The announcement of this new relationship brings an opportunity for both brands to grow together to their mutual benefit, and most importantly for the NZL Sailing Team to have every chance of success toward 2016.


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I'm having a problem with Google chrome; If I'm listening to audio from iTunes (via Bluetooth headphones, or wired headphones to FiiO E09/E07 combo) the playback stutters if I do anything in Google chrome (e.g. open a new tab, or click on a link within the page displayed).
Any ideas?
Thank you.


text:
All Entries Tagged With: "austonia"
BeatShare for iOS released from Austonia LLC
Posted by Press Releases | Dec 07, 2010 | Comments 0Chicago Illinois – The BeatShare application just released by Austonia for iPhone and iPod touch quickly lets users easily select and share music details with those around them. Listeners can see what is playing and coming up at an event or party quickly and easily with no required network configuration. The application is free to try which allows unlimited listening use and a trial number of sharing uses.
Read More


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High-density lipoprotein cholesterol subfractions HDL2 and HDL3 are reduced in women with rheumatoid arthritis and may augment the cardiovascular risk of women with RA: a cross-sectional study
DOI: 10.1186/ar3842
© Arts et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd 2012
Received: 16 December 2011
Accepted: 14 May 2012
Published: 14 May 2012
Higher levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions HDL3-chol and particularly HDL2-chol protect against cardiovascular disease (CVD), but inflammation reduces the HDL level and may impair its anti-atherogenic effect. Changed HDL composition through the impact of inflammation on HDL subfractions may contribute to the excess risk of CVD in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we investigated whether HDL2-chol and HDL3-chol concentrations differ between RA patients and healthy controls, and whether these levels are related to the level of RA disease activity.
Non-fasting blood samples were collected from 45 RA patients and 45 healthy controls. None of the participants had a history of CVD, diabetes, or used lipid-lowering drugs. HDL2-chol and HDL3-chol concentrations were obtained by ultracentrifugation. Regression modeling was used to compare HDL subfraction levels between RA patients and healthy controls, and to analyze the effect of disease activity on HDL2-chol and HDL3-chol.
HDL2-chol and HDL3-chol were significantly lower in RA patients compared to healthy controls (P = 0.01, P = 0.005, respectively). The HDL2:HDL3 ratio was significantly lower in patients compared to controls (P = 0.04). Reduced HDL2-chol and HDL3-chol levels were primarily present in female RA patients and not in male RA patients. A modest effect of the disease activity score in 28 joins ( DAS28) on HDL2-chol concentrations was found, after correction for disease duration, glucocorticosteroid use and body mass index (BMI), with a 0.06 mmol/L decrease with every point increase in DAS28 (P = 0.05). DAS28 did not significantly affect HDL3-chol concentrations (P = 0.186).
Both HDL subfractions but particularly HDL2-chol concentrations were decreased in RA, primarily in women. This seems to be associated with disease activity and is of clinical relevance. The reduction of the HDL subfraction concentrations, particularly the supposedly beneficial HDL2-chol, may negatively impact the cardiovascular risk profile of women with RA.
Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are increased in the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) population [1–3]. As much as 50% of all deaths in RA patients can be attributed to cardiovascular events [1]. The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in RA is approximately two- to three-fold greater than in the general population, reaching that of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, according to recent studies [4]. As traditional risk factors do not fully account for the increased CVD risk in RA, it can be suggested that inflammation plays an important role in mediating cardiovascular risk in these patients [5, 6]. In RA it has been shown that inflammation affects the lipid profile and accelerates atherosclerosis [7, 8]. However, it appears that there is no difference in risk of CVD between patients with low or high disease activity [9]. Apparently, low levels of inflammation are sufficient to increase CVD risk in RA.
In the general population, increased levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and triglycerides, and decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), that is, a pro-atherogenic lipid profile, are important risk factors for CVD [10]. In the general population, HDL is regarded as the main anti-atherogenic lipoprotein and increased levels of HDL have been associated with a protective effect against cardiovascular mortality and morbidity [11, 12]. The beneficial effect of HDL appears to be the strongest for women [12]. This advantageous effect of HDL is supposed to be accomplished primarily through the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) and the neutralization of oxidized lipids [13].
In RA patients, however, the effect of changes in lipid concentrations on CVD risk in RA patients is less straight forward [8]. Lipoprotein and apolipoprotein levels are known to fluctuate during the course of RA, possibly under the influence of inflammation and anti-inflammatory treatment, including oral steroids and biologic therapies [14–17]. During active disease, increased levels of TC, triglycerides (TG) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB), and reduced concentrations of HDL have been reported [14]. Other aspects of the lipid profile may be of importance. The inflammatory response in RA patients may compromise the beneficial anti-atherogenic effect of HDL on CVD risk. In addition to lower levels of HDL [14, 18, 19], inflammation may reduce the anti-oxidative capacity, impair RCT capacity of HDL in RA patients, and even lead to HDL becoming pro-inflammatory [20–23]. The functionality of HDL is partially dependent on HDL composition. Based on its density HDL can be divided into two main subfractions: HDL2-cholesterol (HDL2-chol) and the smaller HDL3-cholesterol (HDL3-chol). HDL2-chol has been suggested to be the more variable component of total HDL, while it is higher levels of the HDL2-chol subfraction that contribute to the anti-atherogenic effect of HDL [24–26]. For that reason, decreased levels of HDL subfractions, particularly HDL2-chol, could contribute to the risk of CVD in RA. However, it is currently unclear whether HDL2-chol and HDL3-chol concentrations are actually decreased in RA, and whether their levels are associated with the level of disease activity. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate whether HDL2-chol and HDL3-chol concentrations differ between RA patients and healthy controls, and to investigate whether HDL2-chol and HDL3-chol concentrations are associated with the level of RA disease activity.
Materials and methods
Study design
This is a cross-sectional study comparing a group of 45 consecutive patients with RA, with a control group of 45 consecutive healthy individuals.
RA patients were included in the study if they fulfilled the 1987 American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for RA, did not use lipid-lowering drugs, had no cardiovascular comorbidity (hypertension was allowed) or diabetes. Disease activity scores (DAS28) were registered. The controls were consecutively recruited from healthy blood-donors who came to the regional blood bank for a donation and were matched for gender. The donors did not suffer from any inflammatory or auto-immune disorders and did not use lipid-lowering drugs, and were free of cardiovascular comorbidity and diabetes. All patients and controls who were entered in the study provided their informed consent. The Medical Ethical Committee Arnhem-Nijmegen approved the study.
An a priori sample size calculation was deemed inappropriate, as evidence regarding HDL2-chol and HDL3-chol concentrations is limited and no studies have been performed investigating these concentrations in RA patients.
Lipoprotein measurements
In both patients and controls, non-fasting blood samples (30 ml) were collected, using vacutainer tubes (Beckton Dickinson, Rutherford, New Jersey, USA) containing K3-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (1 mg/ml), and a sample was taken in a tube without anticoagulant to obtain serum. Tubes were centrifuged at 3,600 rpm for 10 minutes at 23°C, and frozen at -80°C until assay. Levels of plasma TC, TG and HDL-cholesterol were determined enzymatically on an Eroset Hitachi 747 analyzer which was validated for these particular measurements. During each run, samples from both patients and controls were analyzed to prevent any within and between run variability to affect group differences in HDL subfraction levels. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were calculated according to the Friedewald formula, which provides reliable values up to a triglyceride concentration of 4.0 mmol/L. ApoB and A-I (ApoA) levels (mg/L) were determined by immunonephelometry. HDL subfractions were isolated by means of ultracentrifugation [27]. In short, 2 ml plasma was introduced in MSE (Measuring and Scientific Equipment) tubes of the ultracentrifuge (Beckman L7-55). KBr and CBBR (Coomassie Brilliant Blue R) (1.5% solution) was added and the tubes were centrifuged at 44,000 rpm for 22 hours at 15°C. HDL2-chol (density 1.08 g/ml) and HDL3-chol (density 1.149 g/ml) were separated and their concentrations were measured as previously described for total HDL, correcting for density and volume (2 ml).
Statistical analyses
The primary outcome was the difference in the concentration of HDL2-chol (mmol/L) between RA patients and the control group. Secondary outcomes were between-group differences in HDL3-chol (mmol/L), HDL2:HDL3 ratio, TC, TG, HDL, LDL-c (mmol/L), ApoA-I and ApoB (mg/L) levels. The differences in HDL2-chol and HDL3-chol concentrations and lipoprotein levels (TC, TG, LDL-c, HDL, ApoA-I and ApoB) between RA patients and healthy controls were analyzed using independent-sample t-tests, with α = 0.05. To analyze the influence of age and gender on HDL2-chol and HDL3-chol concentrations, analysis of covariance was used with HDL2-chol or HDL3-chol concentrations (mmol/L) as the dependent variable, RA (patient or control) as independent variable, and gender and age as covariates and by including an interaction term for gender and presence of RA. To analyze the effect of disease activity on the HDL2-chol and HDL3-chol concentrations, regression analysis was used with HDL2-chol or HDL3-chol concentrations as the dependent variable, disease activity as the independent variable, and regarding age, gender, smoking, BMI, rheumatoid factor positivity and disease duration as potential confounders. Additional analyses were performed to investigate the effect of the inflammatory markers erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR; mm/hour) and C-reactive protein (CRP; mg/L) included in the DAS28. Measured values of CRP levels <5 mg/L were set at 0 mg/L. Potential confounders were added stepwise to the model, with a change in the regression coefficient of disease activity of at least 10% as the selection criterion. Mean HDL2-chol and HDL3-chol levels were determined for patients treated with glucocorticosteroids, methotrexate and biologicals separately and compared by means of non-parametric statistics.
Patients and controls
Characteristics of the study participants at baseline.
RA patients (n= 45)
Healthy controls (n= 45)
Age, mean ± SD (years)
60 ± 10.1
55 ± 7.8
Female, n (%)
32 (71)
32 (71)
Rheumatoid factor positive, n (%)
40 (89)
DAS28, mean ± SD
3.1 ± 1.7
ESR, median (P25 to P75)
14 (5 to 28.5)
CRP, median (P25 to P75)
0 (0 to 12)
Smoking, n (%)
16 (32)
BMI, mean ± SD
25 ± (3.3)
Anti-rheumatic medication, n (%)
15 (33)
22 (49)
Other DMARD
11 (24)
Biological DMARD
15 (33)
Oral glucocorticoids, n (%)
8 (18)
Lipid and lipoprotein patterns in RA and controls
Results from the independent-sample t-test of lipid and lipoprotein levels in RA patients and healthy controls.
RA patients (n= 45)
Healthy controls (n= 45)
Lipids (mmol/L)
TC, mean ± S D
5.7 ± 1.1
5.7 ± 0.8
TG, mean ± SD
2.1 ± 1.2
1.6 ± 0.8
HDL, mean ± SD
1.3 ± 0.3
1.6 ± 0.3
0.5 ± 0.3
0.7 ± 0.4
0.8 ± 0.2
0.9 ± 0.2
0.5 ± 0.3
0.7 ± 0.4
LDL-c, mean ± SD
3.5 ± 0.9
3.3 ± 0.7
Lipoproteins (mg/L)
ApoA-I, mean ± SD
1517.2 ± 242.2
1710.1 ± 217.2
ApoB, mean ± SD
987.5 ± 220.3
862.2 ± 188.8
Influence of age and gender on HDL2-chol and HDL3-chol concentrations
HDL2-chol, HDL3-chol and disease activity in RA
HDL2-chol, HDL3-chol in relation to treatment and disease duration in RA
Mean HDL2-chol and HDL3-chol levels in RA patients treated with methotrexate, biologicals and glucocorticosteroids at the time of the study.
HDL2-chol (mmol/L) mean ± SD
0.47 ± 0.4
0.46 ± 0.3
0.42 ± 0.2
0.49 ± 0.4
0.43 ± 0.2
0.48 ± 0.4
HDL3-chol (mmol/L) mean ± SD
0.82 ± 0.2
0.83 ± 0.2
0.82 ± 0.2
0.84 ± 0.2
0.86 ± 0.1
0.81 ± 0.2
This study is the first to investigate the distribution of HDL subfractions in RA patients. According to our results, both HDL subfractions but particularly HDL2-chol concentrations were decreased in RA, leading to a decreased HDL2:HDL3 ratio in these patients. Intriguingly, the differences in HDL subfractions between RA and controls were most evident in women, whereas similar levels of HDL2-chol and HDL3-chol have been observed in men. Disease activity was not strongly related to the level of HDL2-chol or HDL3-chol. Finally, our results suggest that the low HDL2-chol concentration might contribute to the previously reported increased cardiovascular risk in RA women.
Results from previous studies investigating HDL and its anti-atherogenic properties in inflammatory conditions such as RA, indicate that HDL function deteriorates and may even become pro-atherogenic in these patients [20–23]. An inverse relation between HDL3-chol and risk of CVD has been previously reported [28, 29]. When comparing HDL subfraction levels in cases with CVD and controls the largest differences were found in HDL2-chol concentrations, and often stronger inverse associations between HDL2-chol and CVD were reported [24–26, 30]. This is in accordance with our results; the largest difference between RA patients and controls was found in HDL2-chol concentrations, and, consequently, the HDL2:HDL3 ratio was lower in this group. This fact might translate into an impaired RCT, one of the crucial anti-atherogenic mechanisms involving HDL. The RCT relies on the quantity of both HDL2-chol and HDL3-chol. Several enzymes, including cholesterylester transfer protein (CETP) may affect HDL2-chol and HDL3-chol concentrations, by lowering them [13]. Interestingly, higher CETP concentrations have been previously indicated in RA patients providing a possible explanation for the decreased HDL2-chol levels observed in our study [31]. Lower HDL2-chol levels may impair RCT in these patients, contributing to accelerated atherosclerosis. Nevertheless, future research is necessary to clarify the exact mechanisms responsible for the differences in HDL subfractions between RA patients and controls.
In our study, HDL2-chol and HDL3-chol concentrations were lower in men compared to women in both groups investigated. This is in accordance with previous findings in the general population. Interestingly, the differences in subfraction levels that were found between the RA patients and healthy individuals were only apparent in women, whereas no such differences between male RA patients and healthy controls were seen. It has been previously suggested that the excess risk of CVD in RA is primarily attributable to female RA patients [32, 33]. Compared to the general population, the mortality rate in RA is increased in both men and women, but mortality from all cardiac causes is larger in women than in men [34]. Hence, it is tempting to speculate that the excess CVD risk in RA women might be partly due to the relative reduction in the beneficial HDL subfraction HDL2-chol. This is supported by previous findings that show a decrease in HDL and HDL2-chol concentrations in post-menopausal women compared to pre-menopausal women [35], a transition that is reported to induce an increase in the risk of CVD, although modest, supposedly due to a decrease in endogenous estrogen [36–38]. Nevertheless, it is unlikely that serum estrogen decisively contributed to the differences in HDL-2 observed in the present study, as it has been demonstrated to be unaltered in RA women [39]. Alternatively, some differences in RA-related parameters between men and women may have contributed to this result. In line with that, we observed that RA women in this study had longer disease duration and higher mean disease activity. However, there is inconsistent evidence of a certain influence of cumulative disease activity on the lipid profile in RA patients. We have previously shown that disease activity and disease duration are not strongly associated with cardiovascular risk, except perhaps longstanding remission [9, 40]. Others, in turn, have indicated that disease duration is associated with accelerated atherogenesis and evidence of increased carotid intima-media wall thickness [41] or presence of carotid plaques [42]. Further research is needed in order to shed more light into this interesting issue.
Our results show that in the RA group, there is a modest association between DAS28 and HDL2-chol concentration and no apparent relationship between DAS28 and HDL3-chol concentrations. For each 1.0 increment of the DAS28, HDL-2chol decreased by 0.06 mmol/L. If disease activity in a patient increases from a very low to a high DAS28 score by 3.1 points, from 2.0 to 5.1, theoretically the HDL2-chol concentration would decrease 0.19 mmol/L. Although on a statistical level these differences did not prove to be significant, it is likely that such an effect, if sustained for a longer period of time, would become clinically relevant [43]. Hence, successful suppression of disease activity by means of treatment may also have a clinically relevant effect on risk of CVD by augmenting HDL2-chol and HDL3-chol levels. Due to the limited number of RA patients who were investigated, we were unable to find consistent differences between the various treatment strategies regarding HDL subfraction levels. This is an interesting issue to pursue in future research.
There are several limitations of this study that require consideration. Data regarding variables that could be possible confounders in the analysis of lipid concentrations, such as smoking and BMI were not available for the healthy controls and were, therefore, not included in the analysis. Although it is unlikely that differences in these variables between RA patients and controls are of sufficient size to yield biased results, patients and controls were matched on age and gender and randomly selected to prevent selection bias. Also, this is a cross-sectional study and, therefore, no long-term effects are reported. Hence, prolonged exposure to high disease activity or remission over time and the possible effect on HDL composition as well as possible changes in HDL composition before and during the course of RA require further research. Further, lipid measurements were performed using non-fasting blood samples, possibly affecting cholesterol levels. However, HDL concentrations are less likely to be affected [44, 45].
In conclusion, levels of HDL and both HDL2-chol and HDL3-chol, but particularly HDL2-chol, were decreased in female RA patients but not in male patients, compared to healthy controls. This also affected the HDL2:HDL3 ratio, which decreased in RA. Disease activity level seems to be related to the level of HDL2-chol and HDL3-chol, albeit in a modest association. This abnormal HDL-subfraction pattern may negatively impact the risk of CVD in RA patients, particularly women. Larger prospective studies would be further necessary in order to test this hypothesis.
- ApoA-I:
apolipoprotein A-I
- Apo-B:
apolipoprotein B
body mass index
cholesterylester transfer protein
confidence interval
C-reactive protein
cardiovascular disease
disease activity score (28 joints)
disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
- HDL-chol:
high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol
- HDL2-chol:
high-density-lipoprotein 2 cholesterol
- HDL3-chol:
high-density-lipoprotein 3 cholesterol
- LDL-chol:
low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol
rheumatoid arthritis
reversed cholesterol transport
standard deviation
total cholesterol
The authors would like to thank the Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation and staff for their cooperation and contribution to this study.
Authors' Affiliations
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


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Delaney's Shoppe Brand - hours and store locations
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Get an overview of this hotel3-star hotel with free breakfast and restaurant
Collect 400 Nectar points!
Simply enter your Nectar card number when you check out. Your points will be credited 35 days after you return from your trip.*Offers may apply
Situated near the airport, this hotel is 0.8 mi (1.4 km) from Anhumas Station and within 3 mi (5 km) of Museu do Negro and Coffee Museum. Taquaral Lake and Iguatemi Shopping Mall are also within 3 mi (5 km).
Hotel Features
This hotel features a restaurant, an outdoor pool, and a fitness center. Free buffet breakfast and free WiFi in public areas are also provided. Other amenities include a rooftop terrace, valet parking, and 24-hour room service.
Room Amenities
All 108 rooms offer free WiFi and free wired Internet, plus 24-hour room service and TVs with cable channels. Other amenities available to guests include refrigerators, hair dryers, and safes.Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!Opens in a new window
Sleep Inn Galleria
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
Sleep Inn Galleria features an outdoor pool and a fitness center. The hotel offers a restaurant. A complimentary breakfast is offered. High-speed wireless Internet access is complimentary.
Event facilities measuring 172 square feet (16 square meters) include a meeting room. This Campinas hotel also offers a rooftop terrace, laundry facilities, and 24-hour room service. Onsite parking is available (surcharge).
- 24-hour front desk
- Total number of rooms - 108
- Number of floors - 4
- Elevator/lift
- Laundry facilities
- Free breakfast
- Fitness facilities
- Restaurant
- Rooftop terrace
- Luggage storage
- One meeting room
- Valet parking (surcharge)
- Porter/bellhop
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Self parking (surcharge)
- Conference space size (feet) - 172
- Conference space size (meters) - 16
- Number of meeting rooms - 2
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
- Free WiFi
- Outdoor pool
Family Friendly Amenities
- Family Hotel
- Outdoor pool
- Free Wi-Fi
- Laundry facilities
- Refrigerator
- Cribs/infant beds (complimentary)
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi , Free wired high-speed Internet
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi
Self parking (surcharge), Valet parking (surcharge)
Room Amenities
- Air conditioning
- Pay movies
- Phone
- Refrigerator
- Private bathroom
- Hair dryer
- Shower only
- Television
- Desk
- Cable TV service
- Free WiFi
- Free wired high-speed Internet
- In-room safe
- Room service (24 hours)
- Connecting/adjoining rooms available
- Free cribs/infant beds
- Rollaway/extra beds (surcharge)
Where to Eat
Guests are offered a complimentary buffet breakfast.
Duo Restaurante - This restaurant serves lunch and dinner.
24-hour room service is available.
Nearby Things to Do
Recreational amenities at the hotel include an outdoor pool and a fitness center.
Hotel Policies
Check-in time ends at 10 PM
Check-in time starts at 2 PM
Check-out time is 11 AM
Payment types
Children and extra beds
- Children are welcome.
- Kids stay free! One child 7 years old or younger stays free when using existing bedding.
- Rollaway/extra beds are available for BRL 50 per night.
- Free cribs (infant beds)!
- Pets not allowed
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on property policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
- Tourism fee: BRL 3.00 per accommodation, per night
Optional extras
- Self parking fee: BRL 16 per day
- Valet parking fee: BRL 16.00 per day
- Rollaway bed fee: BRL 50 per night
Hotel Name
- Sleep Inn Galleria
- Sleep Inn Galleria Campinas
- Sleep Inn Galleria Hotel
- Sleep Inn Galleria Campinas, Brazil
- Sleep Inn Galleria Hotel Campinas
We should mention
Parents or a legal guardian traveling with children under 18 years must present the child's birth certificate and an identity card with photo (passport, for example) at the check-in. For international travels from Brazil, if just one of the parents is traveling with the child, she/he must present – in addition to the child's certificate of birth and identity card with photo – a letter authorizing the trip signed by the other parent with a notarial certification of signature. In case the parents or the legal guardian, as applicable, cannot or are unwilling to give this authorization, a judicial authorization is required. People who intend to travel to Brazil with children must consult with the Brazilian consulate before traveling for more information. One child 7 years old or younger stays free when occupying the parent or guardian's room, using existing bedding. The property has connecting/adjoining rooms, which are subject to availability and can be requested by contacting the property using the number on the booking confirmation.


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Micah Cohen believes that one does not have to compromise practicality for style, a belief which serves as the ethos behind Shades of Grey. Encompassing wearability factors with eye-catching designs, the latest lookbook for 2013 spring/summer exhibits a list of seasonal appropriate garments to welcome the warmer months in elegance. Titled "Expect The Unexpected," a number of bold patterns – Ikat, tie-dye, tropical - adorn a selection of crewnecks, button-ups and shorts. For more dapper, self-effacing palettes, muted blazers and pleated pants are paired with polo renditions. Finding a perfect balance between forward-thinking concepts and subtle design cues, the Los Angeles label once again shows a strong range with its latest deliverance. Head over to our online store now for select pieces.


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Various Artists
Gear Fab Records' Roger Maglio, who recently relocated to Littleton from Orlando, Florida, specializes in reissuing obscurities from the '60s and '70s — and the majority of tunes on Psychedelic States, a two-CD set that's part of a U.S.-spanning series, more than qualify. Even local-music experts are unlikely to know more than a handful of the acts featured in this unexpectedly enjoyable package.
The big (or at least bigger) names here include the Boenzee Cryque and the Poor, both of which contributed members to Poco, and electronic-music pioneers Lothar & the Hand People. But just as entertaining as their efforts are "Psychedelic, That's Where It's At" and "I Don't Know," a pair of wonderfully dated offerings by the Monocles and the Soothsayers, both of which hailed from that hotbed of acid rock, Greeley. Songs by Penetration and the Fogcutters also generate a nice buzz, as does the Elopers' irresistibly titled "Music to Smoke Bananas By."
Feel free to inhale.
Various Artists
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|Sprague, Brian L; Stout, Natasha K; Schechter, Clyde et al. (2015) Benefits, harms, and cost-effectiveness of supplemental ultrasonography screening for women with dense breasts. Ann Intern Med 162:157-66
|Onega, Tracy; Beaber, Elisabeth F; Sprague, Brian L et al. (2014) Breast cancer screening in an era of personalized regimens: a conceptual model and National Cancer Institute initiative for risk-based and preference-based approaches at a population level. Cancer 120:2955-64
|Tosteson, Anna N A; Fryback, Dennis G; Hammond, Cristina S et al. (2014) Consequences of false-positive screening mammograms. JAMA Intern Med 174:954-61
|Bitton, Asaf; Onega, Tracy; Tosteson, Anna N A et al. (2014) Toward a better understanding of patient-reported outcomes in clinical practice. Am J Manag Care 20:281-3
|Mandelblatt, Jeanne S; Tosteson, Anna N A; van Ravesteyn, Nicolien T (2013) Costs, evidence, and value in the Medicare program: the challenges of technology innovation in breast cancer prevention and control. JAMA Intern Med 173:227-8
|Murray, Michael F; Giovanni, Monica A; Klinger, Elissa et al. (2013) Comparing electronic health record portals to obtain patient-entered family health history in primary care. J Gen Intern Med 28:1558-64


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more info at URL listed above.
fix may involve broader changes beyond networking so we might want to spin off more bugs and use this as a tracking bug.
additional info at
some notes from an earlier group session that analyzed the problem...
Their research makes them pretty confident that widespread DNS rebinding attacks are happening right now. We encouraged them to figure out a way to try and get some metrics and they sounded interested in that. Enabling some code that heuristically try to identify a rebinding attack might be interesting to put into nightly builds, or enable some kind of spider.
The forms of attack that seem to provide the most risk were directory navigation behind firewalls, and search click fraud. Google and Yahoo were most interested in the click fraud angle, and Adobe and Sun were most interested in cutting off the dir navigation attacks.
Adobe seem to understand the risks in current flash versions and confident they would seal off most holes with an up coming release of the player.
The liveconnect problems could be solved by just disabling live connect. Is that on a schedule for doing before Mozilla 2? Could we pull this off in Firefox 3?
The research team proposed a variety of solutions to solving the problem. The two that got the most discussion were a policy file solution where a site would show the combined names and ip's of systems that were authorized. Adobe offered up their policy file as a system that all the other vendors might leverage. This didn't seem to make much sense to me and I tried to steer discussion to another solution that would set up conventions for using CNAMEs to validate host names against IP addresses. This would look something like
goodguy.host.com CNAME goodguy.host.com-126.96.36.199
goodguy.host.com-188.8.131.52 might resolve to 18.104.22.168
A patch to browsers would check the hostname against the CNAME and if the IP address returned didn't match up to the IP address embedded in the CNAME record then the page would fail and might provide some indication that it was under a rebinding attack.
The Stanford guys actually had a 70 line patch to Firefox that did this and we encouraged them to open a bug and attach the patch.
Dan should fill in corrections or details on my notes.
Why is this bug report security-sensitive? How is this different from bug 149943, which was WONTFIXed long ago? What does that CNAME hack accomplish that checking the host header doesn't? What are the "problems" in Flash and LiveConnect -- are they issues where the host header can be spoofed or are they being scared into using DNS pinning?
I'm one of the authors of the rebinding paper. You can download it here:
This bug is different from bug 149943 because Java applets, LiveConnect, and Flash allow socket-level access, meaning malicious web pages can forge whatever Host header they like. For Host header checking to work, these plug-ins must default to denying socket access, which will break current applications.
Even if Flash patches their policy file processing to block these attacks and LiveConnect (or at least java.net.Socket and friends) is removed from Mozilla and Opera, users behind proxies will not be protected because Java applets loaded through a proxy are vulnerable to these attacks.
We have a proof-of-concept demonstration of all these attack vectors that we'd be happy to share with you. (Fill out the form on our web site for a password.)
The plugin issues have been discussed at Black Hat and DEF CON, so I'm making this bug report public. IMO, those are plugin vulnerabilities; they're not following the web's security model (which is tied to hostnames in a specific way).
sounds like there are specific things like changing our default TTL, and disabling liveconnect or disabling/revising the abilty to open sockets from java via liveconnect that help to reduce some risks that might be specific to firefox users. We should discuss more at a security roundtable next wed. at 1p pacific - Mozilla Mt. View building K office for any and all that can make it. ( http://www.mozilla.org/contact/ ) I'll also set up a callin number for anyone interested in dailing in.
Adam, Do you know if the patch that was discussed in a previous meeting at Stanford is still working? After more discussion it seems like the idea to recognize special CNAMEs seems less valuable, but we ought to kick that idea around a bit more to reach a conclusion.
We haven't tried to update the patch to the latest revision, but we'd be happy to do that if you'd like to include it. The current version is available at:
To clarify, is the security roundtable on Wednesday 9/5 or 9/12?
trying for the round table on DNS rebinding on 9/5
at 1pm pacific
Great. I'll be there, and I believe Collin Jackson will be as well.
doubt there is a decent solution without the performance penalty of an additional dns query
Created attachment 279764 [details] [diff] [review]
Patch for Firefox 3 (NSPR 4.7) by Adam Barth
I applied the patch that Adam mentioned in comment 7 to the
Firefox/NSPR trunk.
Just to clarify my previous comment 12: I didn't check in Adam's patch.
I regenerated his patch against the current Firefox/NSPR trunk, with
RCS revision info, so that we can review his patch with Bugzilla's
diff viewer.
Sun looks to have patched the Java LiveConnect and Java applet with proxy vulnerabilities:
LiveConnect now appears to deny socket connections unless
(1) the PTR record for the IP matches the host name OR
(2) the host name authorization records are found in reverse DNS.
The new issues reported in this bug are the plugin-related DNS rebinding vulnerabilities; for DNS rebinding using the browser's own DNS resolver, see bug 149943.
Adobe released a DNS rebinding fix for Flash Player on December 3, 2007:
Now that the Java and Flash Player plug-ins are doing a better job of preventing Host header spoofing, servers can mitigate DNS rebinding attacks by checking Host headers. Firewalls can prevent circumvention by preventing external names from resolving to internal IP addresses:


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|"Dominique Devienne" <DDevie...@lgc.com>
|RE: <import> and <path>s
|Wed, 06 Oct 2004 15:08:25 GMT
> -----Original Message----- > From: Stefano Mancarella [mailto:email@example.com] > > Dominique Devienne wrote: > > Note that by putting the extension classpath before the <import>, > > and removing the it from common.xml, this works fine, and has the > > advantage of failing the build is the importing build file does > > not declare a path with the required ID. > > But it also makes the common build file incomplete until it is imported > by another build file, and it creates a mutual dependency between the > two files. > > > Kind of like having an 'abstract' path. > > Granted, that's more a side effect than by design, far from being > > either obvious or elegant, but it should work nonetheless (although > > I didn't try it). --DD > > Yeah, it should work. But I prefer to have a callable/complete common.xml. I guess that strikes me as strange. I've designed at least 3 quite large multiple-build-files Ant builds for mixed C/C++/Java projects using <import>, and the build files I import are never callable directly, by design. I even write 'abstract' targets with just a <fail> insight indicating the importing build file should override the target, and the same can be done with <condition><isreference>+<fail> to have a friendly error message for IDs. Note that others have said similar things in the discussions leading to the addition of <import> to Ant, and I still don't get it. Oh well ;-) --DD --------------------------------------------------------------------- To unsubscribe, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com For additional commands, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
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text:
Though there are many individual regional cuisines in Italy, northern and southern Italian cuisines are primarily differentiated by the cooking fat and style of pasta commonly used. Northern Italian cuisine (other than on the coast) favors butter, cream, polenta, Mascarpone, Grana Padano, and Parmigiano cheeses, risotto and fresh egg pasta. Southern Italian cuisine tends toward Mozzarella, Caciocavallo and Pecorino cheeses, olive oil and dried pasta. Southern Italian cuisine also makes greater use of the ubiquitous tomato.
4 tablespoons espresso coffee
1 tablespoon Grappa
3 eggs, separated
1/2 cup sugar
8 ounces Marscapone cheese
24 Savoiardi biscuits
1 ounce sweet chocolate, grated
In a small bowl, combine the coffee and grappa; set aside
In a medium bowl, beat the egg whites until stiff; set aside.
In a large bowl, beat the egg yolks together with the sugar until thick and lemon-colored. Add the marscapone and blend. Gently fold the egg whites into the cheese mixture.
Place half of the biscuits in the bottom of a 10-inch square baking dish or larger serving plate. Sprinkle with half of the coffee mixture. Cover with half of the cheese mixture, and repeat process. Refrigerate tiramisu for 4 hours before serving with grated chocolate.
Pasta, Risotto & You (with recipes)
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This page modified January 2007
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