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This Strategic Workplan for Particulate Matter Research is designed to provide direction for the research on particulate matter (PM) being undertaken by and on behalf of the transportation community. It identifies a set of five research focus areas and describes the research projects necessary to most effectively develop needed information and tools and to target resources. Sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), this plan was developed by FHWA in cooperation with atmospheric scientists, air quality experts, environmental and transportation planners from state departments of transportation (DOTs), metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs), air quality agencies, industry, and academia.
PM is the term used to describe a complex mix of solid particles and liquid droplets found in the air. PM varies widely in terms of its physical and chemical properties and there are many sources that contribute to atmospheric concentrations. A primer on PM is provided in Appendix A.
Concern about the adverse health impacts of particulates first led to regulation of PM under the Clean Air Act (CAA) in 1971 when the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) established a National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for PM. Since the early 1970s, a number of transportation agencies, primarily in Western States, have been involved in the development of air quality plans to reduce PM emissions and to reach attainment of the national standards.
More recently, numerous scientific studies have linked exposure to fine PM with significant human health problems across the United States. In response to these findings, the EPA established major changes to the NAAQS for PM in July 1997.1 The revised NAAQS are expected to have wide-ranging impacts on the transportation community.2 These impacts include:
An expected increase in the number of PM nonattainment areas, particularly in the Eastern United States, thus greatly expanding the number of state DOTs, MPOs, and local transportation agencies that are affected by PM regulations;
A focus on combustion processes (including vehicle engines), as a major source of PM, particularly in urban areas where combustion-related emissions are likely to compose a greater share of total emissions, thus increasing the likelihood of more widespread transportation-related control programs for PM;
An emerging recognition of PM as a regional problem, caused in part by secondary PM, that is formed and transported over great distances, thus redefining PM, in part, from a local to a regional-level issue and expanding the need for broader emission control programs.
Given an increase in the number of PM nonattainment areas, transportation agencies in many parts of the country will be required to participate in the development of transportation-related emission inventories and control strategies for inclusion in State Implementation Plans (SIPs) for PM. They will also potentially be faced with undertaking conformity analyses for PM.
In addition to these new requirements, transportation agencies also have an interest in PM because of the relationships between PM and other current and emerging atmospheric concerns. The interrelationship between PM and other air pollutants is summarized in Figure 1. Interactions between PM and ozone are an important concern since ozone's precursors, oxides of nitrogen (NOX) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), also contribute to secondary formation of PM and for many locations meteorological conditions conducive to high ozone formation often lead to high levels of PM. High concentrations of PM also contribute to regional haze, which is a concern for visibility in urban and rural areas. In addition, PM indirectly affects global climate change by increasing light scattering and the number of particles available for cloud droplet formation. Some particulates are also toxic, such as diesel particulate exhaust and semi-volatile polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), therefore reductions in the mass of these particulates may also reduce toxic air contaminants.
Figure 1. Relationship of PM to Other Atmospheric Concerns
Despite continued challenges to meet existing PM standards, as well as the potential repercussions of the new PM NAAQS on the transportation community, and the relationship between PM and other air quality concerns, there are acknowledged major weaknesses in the basic analytic tools and data that are needed to develop appropriate policy responses. In particular, policymakers charged with responding to the new PM standards are challenged by factors such as a limited understanding of spatial and chemical trends in ambient PM emissions, inaccurate and incomplete emissions inventories, and inadequate emissions models. The large gaps in information necessitate targeted research focused specifically on the needs of the transportation community.
The FHWA's 1998 National Strategic Plan establishes the Agency's mission "to continually improve the quality of our Nation's highway system and its intermodal connections." It identifies five strategic goals for achieving this mission, one of which is to protect and enhance the natural environment and communities affected by highway transportation.
Building on the National Strategic Plan, FHWA established an environmental research program as a core component of the Agency's environmental stewardship responsibilities. The Agency's broad environmental research goals are identified in FHWA's 1998 Strategic Plan for Environmental Research. Air quality research, including investigation of PM-related issues, is one of eight program goals established in the Strategic Plan for Environmental Research.
This Strategic Workplan for PM Research draws on FHWA's previous strategic planning initiatives to provide direction and focus for the Agency's role in PM research. It establishes a two-fold vision for conducting research that establishes a transportation focus in PM research and ensures that research results are relevant to the needs of transportation policymakers.
Bringing a Transportation Focus to Study of PM Issues.Despite significant concern about the health impacts of PM and increasing evidence that the transportation sector may be a significant contributor to ambient PM concentrations, substantial research gaps remain in terms of understanding the formation, characteristics, source apportionment, and modeling of PM, particularly in relation to transportation sources.
Critical uncertainties in the research include a lack of knowledge about the chemical composition of PM and relative source contributions, as well as the extent of secondary PM formation in the atmosphere. Developing better information about the characteristics and source apportionment of PM is a critical step for the development of emissions models and inventories that can be used for policy development and planning. As a result, a program of transportation-focused research is needed both to develop the information and tools needed to shape future policies and programs.
Developing Applied Research Products that Respond to Needs of Transportation and Air Quality Planning Practitioners. Transportation-focused PM research must be targeted to the policy and program needs of the transportation community, and integrating these needs with ongoing and future research initiatives in a timely and cost-effective manner. In this regard, the Workplan is designed to:
This Strategic Workplan for PM Research was developed with input from transportation and air quality experts throughout the country, as shown in Figure 2. It draws extensively on information gathered in a detailed literature review of PM research, and on the results of a one-day symposium with transportation and air quality experts held in January 2000.
PM Literature Review. A comprehensive review of recent literature was conducted to gather information about current PM research in five broad topic areas:
One-Day PM Symposium. To more fully incorporate the perspectives of the transportation community, a one-day symposium was held in Charleston, South Carolina, during January 2000. A range of academic and applied researchers, as well as air quality and transportation planners from federal, state, and local agencies were invited to the symposium. Attendees participated in a series of breakout sessions designed to gather expert input on key research topics. The breakout sessions matched the topics used for the literature review. Together, the results of the literature review and the symposium were used to provide insights during development of this Workplan. The results of the symposium are summarized in Appendix B.
Figure 2. Workplan Development Process
The final output of this Workplan is a set of priority research projects. The projects are intended to fill PM research gaps that are most critical to the transportation community. Within the Workplan, the priority projects are categorized according to five broad research focus areas and according to how they address four key transportation policy questions. By linking research focus areas to resolution of key transportation policy questions, implementation of the Workplan will facilitate development of information, tools, and approaches that transportation agencies can use to handle emerging issues related to the new PM standards.
The research community and transportation professionals who participated in the FHWA PM Research Symposium identified five key research focus areas for inclusion in the Workplan:
Monitoring - Research to incorporate transportation source concerns into PM monitoring approaches;
Characterization - Research that addresses the spatial, temporal, and chemical variations in ambient PM;
Transportation Sources - Research that addresses sources of PM from transportation;
Modeling - Research concerned with improving transportation source PM emission factor models and travel data inputs; and,
Control Strategies - Research to identify and evaluate transportation source PM control strategies.
Each of these topics represents a distinct area of research that is also linked to resolution of a key transportation policy question.
Transportation agencies will face a number of important policy challenges in regard to PM over the coming years. Transportation agencies in PM2.5 and PM10 non-attainment areas may be required to assist air quality agencies in developing transportation control strategies for State Implementation Plans (SIPs). Transportation agencies will also need to demonstrate conformity of their transportation plans in PM nonattainment and maintenance areas. Gaps in knowledge and lack of tools, however, currently constrain the ability to effectively carry out these activities. Addressing these and other issues will require resolution of four important policy questions.
What areas are expected to be in nonattainment?
EPA will designate PM2.5 nonattainment areas over the period 2002-05, and transportation agencies need to know early on whether they may be faced with a nonattainment designation. Early knowledge will allow transportation agencies to develop the capacity to address PM nonattainment issues and participate with air quality agencies in the development of nonattainment area designations and SIPs, and in the completion of the conformity process.
What kind of problem is PM: local, regional, or both?
This question addresses two issues: 1) To what extent are PM2.5 problems associated with local sources versus transported from other regions? and 2) To what extent are atmospheric concentrations of PM affected by direct PM emissions versus secondary formation? Transportation and air quality agencies need to be able to answer these questions in order to identify the appropriate level and target for control strategies.
What is the transportation contribution to PM?
The contribution of transportation sources determines the extent to which the SIP may focus on these sources. Transportation agencies need to understand the contributions of different transportation sources and how roadway characteristics and transportation system performance affect transportation emissions.
What are the most cost-effective control strategies for transportation sources?
Transportation agencies need to understand the costs and effectiveness of potential strategies, and the other implications of these strategies, to select and implement the most appropriate control strategies.
These four questions provide a logical sequence to undertake the priority projects in the Workplan. Answers to the first two questions need development to provide state and local transportation agencies with an understanding of whether PM is a problem in their regions and where the problem is originating. The last two questions are most critical to transportation agencies and relate directly to transportation sources and the effectiveness of transportation control strategies.
Figure 3 summarizes how the five research focus areas and the key transportation policy questions are interrelated. This diagram is the "blueprint" for the Workplan and it identifies how each priority project helps to answer one or more of the transportation community's critical policy questions.
As this figure shows, a number of research projects help answer more than one of the research questions. Most emphasis, however, has been placed on research to help understand the contribution of transportation sources to PM, because this is a critical research gap of primary importance to the transportation community. The blueprint shows how the research priorities in this plan form a research path that integrates findings across focus areas to answer the transportation community's critical research questions.
Currently, many research initiatives are being conducted on PM. Most projects focus on health effects of PM. However, agencies within EPA, other Federal and State agencies and industry also are sponsoring studies examining the relationships between PM and source contribution, as well as the local and regional nature of PM. In identifying the key transportation related projects for this workplan as shown in Figure 3, extensive literature was reviewed that included published peer reviewed papers, conference proceedings and reports prepared for commercial and government agencies.
Two important Web sites currently contain a broad array of information on studies related to PM research. These sites are maintained and updated frequently and provide the latest information on current and planned PM research efforts. The first is an EPA site (http://www.epa.gov/ttnamti1/files/ambient/pm25/casac/amticpm.html). This site maintains: 1) current and ongoing information on the EPA sponsored PM Supersites; 2) the latest from the Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee (CASAC) on PM; and 3) EPA guidance on PM network design, data management, speciation, and policy. The second site is the Particulate Matter Research Activities (PMRA) Web site (http://www.pmra.org). That site keeps and sorts current, ongoing and future PM research. The site is operated and maintained by the Health Effects Institute in collaboration with EPA. The PMRA Web site broadly covers all aspects of PM research; and identifies a project's title, principal investigator, sponsor, schedule (time period), funding level, and an overview of the study.
Figure 3. Connection Between Transportation Issues and Research Agenda
Based on a review of these Web sites, at least one relevant project was found within each of the five research focus areas discussed in the "Research Focus Areas, Goals, and Priority Projects" section of this Workplan. Below, current ongoing research projects, relevant to projects identified in Figure 3 are identified. Note that recommended project numbers are used in the discussion (e.g., Project P3) to facilitate the cross-referencing of Figure 3 with the details of the topic areas and projects outlined below.
Recommended Project P3 identifies the need for examining state-of-the-art techniques for measuring semi-volatiles. Three current research projects are ongoing, or have been recently completed, in this area. First, Gundel and Stockburger, sponsored by EPA's National Exposure Research Laboratory (NERL), are investigating the development of a PM2.5 semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC) sampler -- since in areas of the country where organics are a main component of the fine particle mass, this will result in a significant negative bias in the mass measurement. The earliest sampling of ambient organic aerosol consisted of collecting particles on quartz filters and analyzing them for compounds of interest. With the recognition that positive and negative artifacts were possible, a sorbent bed of an acrylic polymer (PUF or XAD) was added following the filter to collect SVOCs that were vaporized from the filter or were present in the gas phase of the incoming air stream. To account for compounds that are in both gaseous and particulate phases (and thus increase accuracy), current thinking is that SVOCs require a denuder to be placed upstream of the filter.
Second, Koutrakis et al., sponsored by Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), are investigating fine particulate mass measurements in field studies with the specific intent of 1) measuring the particle mass artifacts due to losses or gains of semi-volatile compounds, and 2) comparing measurements obtained from a variety of integrated and continuous particle mass measurement techniques.
The third study, sponsored by Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) is using a sampler which incorporates the state-of-the-art collection techniques for semi-volatile aerosol particles. The sampler is operated in the field along with one of the FRM monitors in the TVA network. Data collected will help in determining the contribution of semi-volatile aerosols to fine particulate matter loadings.
Project P4 identifies the need for updated source profile information for PM speciation analysis. Three current research projects are ongoing, or have been recently completed, in this area.
First, under sponsorship by the Health Effects Institute (HEI), Gertler is investigating ambient sampling of diesel PM. The study is obtaining chemically speciated diesel profiles that will be used to source apportion diesel versus other ambient constituents in the air. The particle number and the chemically speciated, size-segregated, particle distributions are being measured. These results will be compared to measurements from 25 years ago to determine the change in diesel exhaust particle mass in ambient air. Particulate emissions from light-duty gasoline vehicles are also being measured to compare their contribution to those from diesel vehicles.
Second, under sponsorship of EPA's National Risk Management Research Laboratory (NRMRL), Smith and Wasson are developing PM source signatures. The project will provide updated and augmented data on the chemical composition and size distribution of fine particulate matter (PM), smaller than 2.5 microns, from a variety of source types. Particular emphasis will be placed on acquiring detailed PM organic speciation data in order to allow greater differentiation of sources in source apportionment than is possible when source profiles are limited to PM elemental compositions. The extended profiles will be made available for inclusion in the Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS) SPECIATE database for use by EPA Regional Offices and State environmental agencies in apportioning ambient fine PM to emission sources.
The TVA project is a study on mobile source contribution to fine particulate mass. The study uses two continuous PM mass monitors; one collocated with a routine fine PM monitor and one located in the same community adjacent to a major interstate highway. The contribution of mobile sources will be inferred from the difference in PM mass and chemistry at the two monitors that capture the same community sources. This will provide information on mobile source contribution that is currently lacking in the Tennessee Valley. A chemical mass balance (CMB) modeling technique will be applied to historical and recently-collected chemically-speciated samples of PM2.5 to determine source attribution for PM2.5 in the Tennessee Valley.
Project P6 recommends that engine testing be conducted on a representative fleet of diesel fueled engines to generate better data on the contribution of diesel fueled vehicles to PM pollution. An ongoing project, under sponsorship of EPA/NRMRL, has developed an integrated on-road sampling system to test gaseous emissions from heavy-duty diesel tractors as they operate on highways. This system has demonstrated the transient nature of exhaust emission levels even for "steady state" operations and is being modified to include particle size and mass measurements. The measurement systems available to define the particle size distribution of these emissions are laboratory grade units with relatively long sample processing times. The development of a suitable sampling system that provides a sample which is cooled and diluted as the actual exhaust pipe discharges, and preserves the sample for a sufficient period to allow the analytical instruments to complete their cycles, is the focus of this effort.
Project P11 recommends the development of a modeling procedure for assessing ammonia emissions from transportation sources. A current research project being sponsored by the Coordinating Research Council (CRC) involves the determination of ammonia emission rates from in-use light and heavy-duty vehicles. The objective of this study is to sample the rate of ammonia and ammonium ion emission levels from on-highway vehicles while traveling in a tunnel. Samples are to be taken during an existing tunnel study in the Tuscarora Mountain Tunnel. The contribution of ammonia from mobile sources represented by this on-highway fleet will be estimated and compared to other estimates.
Project P12 seeks to determine the cost and effectiveness of existing transportation source PM control strategies. As part of EPA's Supersite program, the New York State DOT is assessing the effectiveness of new emission control technologies, for example, Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) bus deployment and Continuously Regenerating Technology (CRT) introduced in New York City and their impact on ambient air quality, using remote open path roadside, mobile platform, and fixed site measurements of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, nitrous acid, and formaldehyde and aerosol chemical composition. At the conclusion of this study, sufficient information will be available to assess both the cost and effectiveness of these new engine control technologies on PM and PM precursors.
Likewise, Project P14 seeks to expand the understanding between ozone and PM control strategies. An ongoing research study is being conducted by Cass et al., under the sponsorship of EPA's National Center for Environmental Research and Quality Assurance (NCERQA), to investigate the effects of emissions controls on ozone and fine particle air quality in both California and the Northeast region of the United States. By simultaneously accounting for ozone and fine particle formation and transport, improved methods will be developed to greatly increase the computational speed of PM air quality models. The models developed will be applied both in Southern California and in the Northeastern United States, and formal evaluations of model performance will be conducted. The completed models will be used to evaluate the effects of emissions controls on ozone and fine particle air quality in both California and the Northeast.
1 On May 14, 1999, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit issued an opinion on the national ambient air quality standards for ozone and PM that EPA issued in July 1997. On June 28, 1999, the federal government filed a petition for rehearing key aspects of the case in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit. The U.S. Supreme Court ruled on February 27, 2001, in favor of EPA's revised standards although implementation of the requirements is pending.
2 In the context of this Workplan, the terms "transportation," "transportation sector," and "transportation community" are considered to include on-road mobile sources, including passenger and commercial vehicles and bus transit service, as well as sources like road dust associated with mobile sources. Rail and non-surface transportation modes are not considered as part of the Workplan, although they may contribute to total transportation sector PM emissions.


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Fabulous Last-Minute Father's Day Gifts
Let's face it, your dad does not want another tie. And he'd prefer to pick out his own aftershave. So get a little creative this year and buy your dad something he might actually use. Here are a few ideas:
For the lazy dad: Laceless boat shoes
If your dad just can't be bothered to tie his shoes and is always tripping over his laces, these suede Sperry slip-ons are for him. They come in bright summer colors and are as comfortable as slippers—but can be worn outside.
For the germ-freak dad: Violight UV Razor Sanitizer
Razor blades can harbor germs and bacteria that can wreak havoc with your dad's skin. Set his mind at ease with the Violight UV Razor sanitizer, which uses germicidal UV bulbs to disinfect his razor in mere minutes. It fits most razors, including Gillette and Schick, and requires two AA batteries.
For the literary dad: Notable Novelists
If your dad's a book lover, Notable Novelists is a fun, low-cost gift idea. From James Baldwin to E.M. Forster, this card game celebrates the most important writers of the 20th century. The object: To collect the most literary sets of cards about authors and their works. Perfect for long car trips or lazy Sundays.
For the hippie dad: Woodstock — Director's Cut
Warner Home Video just came out with a box set of Michael Wadleigh's epic, 228-minute documentary on the most famous rock concert of all time. Now your dad can relive three days of peace and music, without the discomfort of all that rain and mud.
For computer whiz dad: Tyvek Wallet – Dot Matrix
Black leather wallets are boring. Besides, a computer geek dad will love this wallet made from Tyvek material (high-density polyethylene fibers) that resembles a computer printout from a dot matrix printer. It measures 8 x 3 x 0.12 inches when open.
For secret agent dads: Spy pen
There are few men who don't enjoy a secret James Bond fantasy life. This video and audio recording pen is just the kind of thing to keep your dad dreaming of new missions. It can also be used as a 2gb USB stick for top-secret spreadsheets.
For unique yet fashionable dads: Custom polo shirt
Forget Izod or Polo shirts. Your dad doesn't want to be generic. Get him some personalized shirts with his own special logos. You can submit your own text and artwork.
For lawn-loving dads: Grassy Lawn Charging Station
This gift is for the dad whose electronic devices take up all the outlets in the living room. A compartment underneath the artificial grass will hide all of his power cords and allow him to keep all of his chargeables in one place.
For DIY dads: The Geek Dad's Guide to Weekend Fun
If your dad likes to build things with his bare hands and explore the great outdoors, this is the book for him. The Geek Dad's Guide to Weekend Fun features tips on how to build robots from scratch, assemble blowguns, and even rig up a zip line. It also has over 25 other projects for parents and children to work on together.
Sources: Esquire, PCMag.com, The Times, Boston.com
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North facing across the River Avon towards the Royal Victoria Park, this two bedroom apartment features an open plan fully fitted Manhattan kitchen with integrated Bosch appliances, and living/dining room with double doors to a Juliette balcony. The master bedroom features a fitted wardrobe and en suite shower room. There is a second double bedroom and a separate bathroom with stylish Roca suite and a Kaldewei bath. Incorporating modern technology, TV/FM points and Sky+ sockets can be found in the living room and master bedroom, while an audio visual entry phone system provides an additional layer to security.
C - Cupboard
W - Wardrobe
WM - Plumbing for Washing Machine
Use this tool to compare two floorplans of available properties on this development
Fully fitted Manhattan kitchen
Bosch stainless steel appliances:
Single oven and ceramic hob
Three speed chimney hood
A-rated integrated fridge/freezer
A-rated fully integrated dishwasher
Plumbing for washing machine and tumble dryer or combined
Stainless steel 1 ½ bowl sink with Hansgrohe chrome monobloc mixer tap
Low energy lighting to underside of wall units
Pull out recycling bins fitted to one kitchen cupboard
Fully fitted Roca bathroom suite with Kaldewei steel bath in gloss white
Roman shower enclosure (where applicable)
Chrome Hansgrohe taps and shower fittings
Co-ordinated wall tiles from a Porcelanosa range
Extractor fans to bathrooms, en-suites and cloakrooms
Chrome towel rail to bathroom and en-suites (where applicable)
Mirror and lighting to bathrooms
Shave socket in main bathroom and en-suite
White gloss finish architraves and skirting boards
Internal oak veneered doors with chrome furniture
Composite aluminium and wood windows
Gap Solutions wardrobe in master bedroom
Smooth finish ceilings and white painted walls
Walls to bathrooms, en-suites and WCs where not tiled to be painted white
Ceramic floor tiles to kitchens, bathrooms, cloakrooms and en-suites
Low energy downlighters to kitchen, bathroom, en-suites and cloakroom
TV points and BT Fibre To The Home (up to 100mb broadband)
TV/FM cable to living room and master bedroom
Telephone point to hall, living room and master bedroom
Energy providing heat and hot water powered by a communal gas/ biomass fired district heating system
Heating via wall mounted panel radiators
Mains operated smoke alarm with battery back up
Incoming BT line to each lift
Audio/video entry phone system linked to main block entrance door and connected to apartments
Underground parking available to some properties
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Lending Aid to a Friend
Teenagers And Traffic Tickets: 3 Things Parents Need To Know
Teenagers are an interesting group of drivers. In some ways, they're often the most knowledgeable about traffic laws, at least on paper – after all, a freshly licensed teenager has likely spent hours pouring over their state's traffic laws, and most drivers who have been licensed for a few decades spend very little time reviewing the same material. On the other hand, they're also the least experienced drivers, which makes them more likely to make a mistake or use poor judgment when driving. When a teenager gets a traffic ticket, what's a parent to do? Will you even know about it? Should you pay it or fight it? Take a look at some things that parents of teen drivers need to know about teens and traffic tickets. Teenagers Are Under Additional Restrictions Teen drivers may be more likely to make a mistake than adult drivers, but it's worth keeping in mind that in many states, there are more mistakes for teens to possibly make than there are for adult drivers. Teens are often subject to additional restrictions while driving that adults don't have to worry about. For example, under the graduated license rules for teenagers in Minnesota, teens may not use a cell phone – even with a hands-free device – while the car is moving. Texting and driving is against the law for all drivers in Minnesota, but only teens (and commercial drivers) are restricted from using a handheld or hands-free phone. Teens in Minnesota are also prohibited from driving with more than one passenger under the age of 20 during the first six months of their provisional license and are subject to restrictions on driving after midnight and before 5am during that time. Many states have similar laws in place. That means that your teen could get a ticket for giving a lift to more than one friend or coming home too late at night—something that an adult would never get a ticket for. Teenagers' Licenses Are Easier To Suspend Along with the additional restrictions, it's also easier to suspend a teen's license in many places than it is to suspend an adult's license. When you get a traffic ticket, you are assessed a certain amount of points on your license. Too many points, and you lose the license temporarily. In Colorado, for instance, teens under the age of 18 can have their license suspended if they accumulate as little as 6 points in a year, or 7 points in 2 years. Adults over the age of 21 would not face suspension unless they accumulated 12 points in a year or 18 points in two years. So not only are teenagers under additional restrictions, but any violations will also result in a suspended license a lot faster. And traffic violations are not expunged at the age of 18 like many juvenile offenses are. Teenagers convicted of minor crimes are often given a clean slate when they turn 18, but if your teenager's license is suspended for a year when they are 17, the suspension probably won't be lifted on their 18th birthday, nor will the record be removed from their driving history. That means that traffic tickets and license suspensions can follow your child into adulthood, interfering with their ability to drive to work, get a job...read more
Defenses A Drug Defense Attorney May Be Able To Raise On Your Behalf
If you are charged with possessing drugs or intent to sell or distribute illegal drugs, you may be considering hiring a drug defense attorney. A drug defense attorney can be invaluable, as they can raise many defenses that you wouldn't think or know to raise on your own. Some of these defenses can get the charges against you dismissed, some can get the charges reduced and others can keep you out of prison. Here are a few of the defenses that a drug defense attorney may attempt to raise in court if you are charged with a drug-related crime. Unlawful Search and Seizure The fourth amendment of the Constitution protects you against police unlawfully searching you, your car and your home. Any evidence that is obtained during an unlawful search cannot be used against you in court. As such, a criminal defense attorney may raise questions about where the drugs were found and if police had the right to search for them and seize them. If a proper warrant is not obtained, or if you are pulled over or questioned illegally, and that is when drugs are found, the charges against you may be dismissed. Generally speaking, police have to have reasonable suspicion to search for drugs. A police officer cannot pull over every person they wish and search their car for drugs. If a police officer sees what they believe to be a drug deal occurring, they have reasonable suspicion to pull you over and search your car. However, if you are simply in a known drug area, they can't pull you over. If a police officer pulls you over for a traffic-related offense, and they smell drugs or believe you may be under the influence, they have reasonable suspicion to search your car. Reasonable suspicion can be a grey area, which is why hiring a drug defense attorney is invaluable. The Drugs Aren't Yours In order to be convicted of a drug crime, the judge and jury have to believe that the drugs belong to you. However, most drugs are typically found in places where multiple people are present. If drugs are found in a home that you share with roommates, or in a car that you are driving but don't own, an experienced drug defense attorney may be able to place reasonable doubt in the mind of the judge and jury as to who the drugs belong to. If they can't tie the drugs back to you personally, they may find you not guilty of the crimes for which you are being tried. You Did Not Have the Intent to Sell the Drugs If you have drugs on your person, and you are legally stopped and searched by the police, it is going to be hard to use either of the above drug defenses. As such, in this type of case, it may be best for a drug defense attorney to try to plead guilty to possession and fight the intent to sell or distribute charges, rather than hope for a not guilty verdict or dismissal on all of your charges. Often times, when someone has a large amount of drugs on their person and/or the drugs are in individual packages, you will be charged with the intent to sell or distribute drugs. A police officer...read more
Will A Drug Court Allow Methadone Treatment For Drug Users?
The American justice system now increasingly relies on drug courts to help offenders rehabilitate. With more than 2,600 drug courts in operation across the country, many offenders can now avoid prison, as long as they can meet strict legal conditions. Unfortunately, for some offenders, those conditions often include a ban on methadone treatment, even if medical evidence suggests this is potentially harmful. Learn more about drug courts' policies towards methadone treatment, and find out what this could mean if you face prosecution. The benefits of drug courts Drug courts have been available to offenders in the United States for around 20 years. What's more, evidence shows that this legal option can reduce drug abuse and drug-related crime, while saving the American taxpayer significant sums of money. A drug court program can include counseling, monitoring and group support activities. Seventy percent of seriously addicted offenders who volunteer to appear in one of these drug courts complete the recommended program, and 75 percent of these people do not re-offend. Nonetheless, experts estimate that drug courts in the United States only have the capacity to deal with 10 percent of the offenses that take place. What's more, these courts will not always recommend an outcome that best supports an offender. How methadone treatment helps addicts It's extremely difficult to beat an addiction to opioid drugs like heroin. For many addicts, methadone offers one of the few alternatives that can help them successfully kick the habit. Methadone is a synthetic medication that helps users cope with pain and can also treat addiction to opiates like heroin. Long-term addicts must continue to take opiates simply to avoid the terrible symptoms that occur during withdrawal. Ironically, heroin addicts don't continue to take drugs to get high. The opiate simply keeps them alive. Methadone is an alternative to this dangerous lifestyle. It takes extensive support, self-control and determination to beat heroin addiction, and many addicts would fail without methadone treatment. Unfortunately, many drug courts don't agree. How some drug courts view methadone treatment Judges in many drug courts do not accept medical evidence that shows the benefits of methadone treatment. In many cases, these judges believe that methadone is an easy way out and that the addict can only show remorse through complete abstinence. Despite these policies, scientific evidence shows that addicts generally relapse when forced to stop taking drugs abruptly. One of the biggest challenges that addicts face is the inconsistency in policy applied in each drug court. Research shows that some courts will allow methadone treatment, while others will only allow this type of therapy for fixed periods. Some judges may impose harsher restrictions on offenders who ask for methadone treatment, while others will simply outright refuse this treatment method. Curiously, the National Association of Drug Court Professionals' policy statement supports methadone and buprenorphine maintenance programs as effective treatment options for addicts. Nonetheless, adherence to this policy varies between courts How an attorney can help A drug defense attorney can help you navigate the drug court process to make sure you get the best possible outcome. Your attorney can help you understand if you are eligible for drug court. For example, it's important to remember that the drug court system is available to any offender with a proven substance abuse problem. As such, you...read more
3 Reasons Your Lawyer May Have For Not Wanting You To Testify At Your Own Criminal Trial
If you are charged with a crime and are preparing to go to trial for it, you may want to testify in court as a way of defending yourself. While many defendants want to do this at their own criminal trials, lawyers often persuade them not to. It is your choice, though, and you can choose to testify if you really want to. Before you make this decision, it's important to understand the common reasons criminal defense attorneys may recommend not to do this. It Is Not Your Job To Prove Innocence Before examining the other reasons not to testify, you should realize how the court system is designed. When the police arrest you and charge you with a crime, it might seem like you are guilty until proven innocent, but this is not the case. You have the right to a fair trial, and the prosecution handling the case is obligated to prove your guilt. In other words, you are innocent until proven guilty. It is the job of the prosecutor to prove that you are guilty, and he or she will try to do this by presenting incriminating evidence and by calling witnesses to testify. If there is not enough evidence to prove your guilt in the crime, the court cannot legally prosecute you for the crime. Because of this, you must realize it is not your responsibility to prove you are innocent. Let your attorney handle this for you and let the evidence speak for itself. You Have The Legal Right Not To Testify Exercising your legal rights can often be beneficial for people accused of crimes, and one of these rights is that you do not have to testify at your own trial. If you decide to testify, you can also exercise your Fifth Amendment right. This amendment gives you the right to stay silent when asked a question, but only if your answer would be incriminating to yourself. Pleading the Fifth Amendment does not always look good in court. Because of this, your attorney may suggest not testifying at your trial in order to avoid any negative effects this may have. Criminal attorneys understand how prosecutors handle courtroom criminal cases. They can sometimes be belligerent with their questions, and this can cause a defendant to get stumped, angry, or nervous. The way you answer the questions and react to them can play a role in the jurors' decision about the case. You Might Answer The Questions Wrong If you testify in court, you will have to take an oath to tell the truth. Even if you are completely innocent and are planning on telling the truth, the things you say might come out wrong. Prosecutors can often ask trick questions, and it is hard to prepare for all the potential trick questions he or she might ask during your trial. If you do not understand a question correctly or answer one with information that makes you look bad, it could cause harm to your case. Your nerves also are likely to kick in when you are on the stand, and this could leave your voice shaky. A shaky voice might lead jurors to believe you are lying, when really you are just nervous. Avoiding the stand during your own trial is often the best way...read more
Your DUI Arrest: Is It More Than Just A Legal Problem?
A DUI can be a life-changing event, but no matter how the case turns out in court, the incident should give you serious cause to reflect on your actions. If you're not in control of your alcohol consumption, it's in charge of you and that's a dangerous, destructive and depressing way to live. Don't simply figure out a way to beat the rap, get to the underlying problem and find a way to solve it. Can You Beat Your DUI Charge? A good lawyer may be able to help you beat a charge of driving under the influence, but other factors will influence your case and should be considered when you're preparing your defense: Taking medications that caused you to be impaired (without your foreknowledge) A medical condition that suddenly affected your abilities to operate a vehicle The probable cause for which you were pulled over The validity of a field sobriety test These and other details surrounding your arrest can be presented to a court on your behalf, showing that either you were not actually intoxicated or that the law was not followed and you were somehow denied your rights. However, it's best to let a lawyer lead the way with legal proceedings. How Much Alcohol Did You Consume? Had you not been arrested, you likely should not have been driving no matter how much you had to drink. The rule of thumb, for your own safety and that of others, should always be to avoid getting behind the wheel when you have alcohol in your system. If you're frequently breaking that rule, your problem may extend beyond one DUI charge. Why Did You Decide To Drive? Sober, it's easy to that someone else isn't capable of driving after having a few drinks, but when you're that person drinking, your judgement isn't sound. You should always assume that even one drink is too many and be prepared to make your way home or elsewhere by some other means than driving yourself. Do You Drive After Drinking Regularly? The average person caught operating under the influence has already driven while impaired by alcohol 80 times. If this is something you're doing as a habit, it's a disaster waiting to happen both for you and everyone else on the road. Make a conscious decision to avoid driving if you even have just one drink. Facilitate this wise decision by putting a taxi app on your phone so there's always a safe ride home or by turning your own back yard into a quarantined party zone. Designated drivers are also very helpful, as are devices you can buy that will tell you what your blood-alcohol level is. With so many options, there's really no excuse to drive when you've been drinking. What A DUI Can Do To Your Life Even if your DUI did not result in loss of life or injury, you're still facing a world of difficulty. While an attorney will help you navigate the rough legal waters, they can't offset the following: Loss of current employment Loss of your driving privileges Potential loss of future employment involving certain positions Expensive court fines Possible jail time Exorbitant insurance rates Shame and humiliation with family, friends and colleges Court-ordered substance abuse counseling Financial hardship The Other People Harmed By Drunk...read more


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38 Comments
Coming from an "art school kid" who works at a "creative job" and has all sorts of "creative talent".. I always call BS when people whine that they aren't creative. EVERYONE is creative, it's just learning how to channel your creativity! People are too afraid to mess up if they try, it's sad!!
Kudos to you for realizing that you are creative!October 27, 2011 at 9:36 pm
Amen sister! I love this.October 27, 2011 at 9:36 pm
A perfect quote!! I've definitely felt the same way in different areas of my life. Kudos to you girl!!! Wish all the best for your future creative endeavors 🙂 xoOctober 27, 2011 at 9:39 pm
love the quote and great words. sometimes its hard to recognize talent especially when you're your worst critic.
lovely blog.
LindsayOctober 27, 2011 at 9:40 pm
Of course you're creative. Look at your blog!October 27, 2011 at 9:41 pm
One of the reasons holding me up from starting my own blog has been: how could I ever be as creative as Sarah with her awesome blog? You're amazing & I needed to hear your words today. Thank you!October 27, 2011 at 9:48 pm
love this beautiful sarah. I have had the same insecurities as you about being creative…i always feel like i have no creative talent..im an academic, a scientist..i dont live up to my left handed stereotype..
maybe im wrong 🙂 xxOctober 27, 2011 at 9:54 pm
this is so lovely. Sometimes I feel the same way- I don't arrange things pretty, i'm the messiest girl I know, and i certainly cannot draw/sketch/paint for the life of me (although I WAS a ballerina for many years, much younger years of course).. so thank you. thank you for sharing this. thank you for reminding me that yes indeed, I am all the things i dream of being (:October 27, 2011 at 9:58 pm
Love this post. I completely agree. As an accountant, it is sometimes hard for me to actually consider myself as creative. In fact, I almost always here that accountants are anything but creative. I think that hearing this all of the time I actually started limiting myself, thinking that people are right, I really am not creative. After I started to blog however, I realized that this isn't the case at all!
Great post!
This is beautiful. I frequently find myself thinking "why me?" Most recently it has been in the career department. Getting a job is hard work, dang it! I admire your honesty in your posts.
Beautiful, Sarah! You are creative; it's so evident in the carefully placed details of your outfits, the lightness in your photography, and the sweetness of your personality. Thank you for the encouragement; it was much needed today. 🙂October 27, 2011 at 10:56 pm
I love ALL OF THIS. And yes sister, you are mighty creative (yes, that is a strong way of being creative). This was exactly what I needed to hear as well because I think I let the devil speak other things even when I know we were created to be creative!!! THank you…for creating words that create inspiration that move hearts.
xoxo, Anna
I love this. And it is true–you are super talented!! Thank you for your honesty–I think we can all use the opportunity to reflect on this today.October 28, 2011 at 12:05 am
love this post, sarah! it can be applied to so much. and you are most certainly creative 🙂October 28, 2011 at 12:10 am
I've always loved that quote (and basically any tough love advice Jillian Michaels gives)!
Good way of looking at things, I need to be reminded quite a bit 🙂
-Alice-October 28, 2011 at 12:23 am
i love all of the little quotes you post. they tend to be so helpful and the perfect time. thank you for sharing 🙂October 28, 2011 at 12:47 am
Love your transparencyI guess b/c I'm fairly new to your blog I'm just shocked that you wouldn't think of yourself as creative. Shocked! It's funny how we see ourselves isn't it? Gonna ponder this one for a while, thanks!October 28, 2011 at 1:00 am
thanks for this. nice pick-me-up for my night 🙂October 28, 2011 at 1:07 am
I LOVE this. I have a BS in Chemistry and want to go to med school, and I have never thought of myself as creative. But I love to dance, could spend alllll day wandering through an art museum, and am the only 21 year old opera lover I've ever met. I'm slowly realizing that you don't have to be an artist to be creative – and you are definitely creative!!
I especially love the "creative" use of all y'all – a true southern girl after my own heart!October 28, 2011 at 2:28 am
I absolutely adore these words of encouragement. Adore!October 28, 2011 at 3:44 am
This is so true! 🙂 God has given us all amazing gifts and talents and we need to be proud of them! 🙂October 28, 2011 at 4:07 am
This is so true! 🙂 God has given us all amazing gifts and talents and we need to be proud of them! 🙂October 28, 2011 at 4:08 am
this may have been one of the most impactful posts i've read from you. i love your blog, and i surely think you're way more creative than me (low self esteem HERE!) here's to being what we want. and what we ARE.October 28, 2011 at 4:20 am
I feel like I've always wanted to be creative, but wasn't as talented as the artists and creatives around me, but its true. I am in charge of my own labels and you know what, I am creative and talented.October 28, 2011 at 4:53 am
I love that!
seriously! WHY NOT you?
great post.
Thanks for stoping by. love your blog!
You are, indeed 🙂October 28, 2011 at 7:25 am
Perfect post… I was amazed by your creativity the first time I popped by.. Your amazing photographs.. your style..etc.. I could go on & on! 🙂October 28, 2011 at 7:31 am
I love this post as I often feel like creativity is NOT one of my strong suits although I wish terribly that it was.
But, I will say that I've always pinned you as the creative type – I love your blog, your pics are always so artistically taken and your outfits are amazing!
I love that you are claiming creativity! And that you are looking at it in a different way. Creativity manifests differently in each of us. And I can definitely see your throughout your blog.October 28, 2011 at 11:38 am
pinterest makes me feel like i'm so uncreative. but to be honest i am creative, just not always in the obvious ways.
and you're totally creative. i love how you view life with such a creative eye.October 28, 2011 at 11:51 am
I loved this post it has brightened up my day!
Like you I have never really felt entitled to the creative label as I was the one who was good at maths and the more academic subjects so creativity was never really encouraged.
But what you said is true, everyone is creative in their own way…even me!
Have a great weekend!October 28, 2011 at 12:38 pm
Just found your blog yesterday and love it. Love your story, your bubbly upbeat personality, and your style!October 28, 2011 at 1:22 pm
This is such a real post. I found myself nodding as I read it. You ARE beautiful and you ARE creative. Now I just need to keep telling myself this as well. This is a great reminder, so thank you! 🙂October 28, 2011 at 1:24 pm
lovely reminder lady! thank you 🙂October 28, 2011 at 2:09 pm
"beauty arrests my heart. and often" Ahhh I love that!! I'm the same way. Can't create art by any means, but boy do I appreciate it. Great post 🙂October 28, 2011 at 6:25 pm
Great post! Loved this!October 28, 2011 at 8:43 pm
I found your blog via Breakfast at Toast and I'm glad I did. Thank you for this post. I've just moved away from home and am living in an unfamiliar area. It's been a challenge, but ever since I created a blog …it has my "creative" juices flowing. We are all not the same, we are all different in our own special way.
I look forward to reading more of your posts!
socalcrush.blogspot.comNovember 3, 2011 at 4:59 pm
Love this post! I love math and have a Bachelor's in biology but I also love art, photography, and dance!July 2, 2012 at 3:43 pm


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Thorntons, the high street confectioner, yesterday saw its share price melt away as it said that talks with bidders for the business, which had included a group headed by its management team, had been called off.
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So by now we all know that Beyonce did not win either of the Golden Globe awards she was up for Monday night. Best Original Song went to Prince, and Best Lead Actress in a Motion Picture – Musical/Comedy went to Meryl Streep. The latter was expected. But apparently Beyonce's father Matthew Knowles cannot get over the fact that his daughter actually lost an award, even if both of them were to living legends. This is his statement to the press directly after the Golden Globes Monday night.
Today is Martin Luther King's birthday and it saddens me to say that things have not changed for blacks. Working class blacks and blacks in Hollywood are still being discriminated against. We still have a long way to go.
Excuse me? Things have not changed for blacks? Okay, let me break it down for you sweetheart, since you seem to really be that damn dense. Your daughter lost to Prince. Last I heard Prince wasn't white. The other award she lost, she lost to Meryl Streep. Probably the best and most respected actress living today. Meanwhile Beyonce can barely say she got rave reviews.
Now let's think about the other winners Monday night. That is, in addition to the fact that, except your daughter, every award Dreamgirls was nominated for won: Jennifer Hudson won. Black. Eddie Murphy won. Black. Forest Whitaker won. Black. America Ferrera won. Spanish. The director of Babel won. Spanish.
Yet the Globes are racist? You need to just get gone. You, your wife, and your overrated, non-acting daughter need to get the hell out of here with that mess.Powered by Sidelines


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730 Terminal Ave, Vancouver, BC V6A 2M5
+ taxes & licensing
Our 2013 Acura Certified ILX Premium shown in Bellanova White Pearl admirably stands out from the crowd! Under the hood is a 2.0 Liter 4 Cylinder that delivers 150hp on demand combined with a smooth shifting 5 Speed Automatic that delivers 5.6L/100km on the open road. Our ILX sedan is among the sportiest in its segment, delivering an uncommon athleticism taking curves, precise cornering, and an all around confidence thanks to its Front Wheel Drive system. Inside, you will be pampered with sumptuous power front heated leather seats, a power sunroof, a premium audio system along with hands-free Bluetooth, available Satellite radio, and more. This sleek sedan is sure to win your family over. Acura ILX shines in terms of safety. In government crash test, this luxury sedan earns perfect scores across the board. Standard safety equipment is impressive and includes anti-lock brakes, electronic brake distribution, vehicle stability assist and an army of airbags all designed to keep your precious cargo safe and secure. Why purchase a pre-owned vehicle from Dilawri Group of Companies... Experience Worry Free Ownership!Purchase any pre-owned vehicle from Burrard Acura and receive:3 Days or 300 Km Exchange Policy*30 Days or 2,000 Km Comprehensive Coverage.*1 Year Roadside Assistance. Reconditioned by Factory Trained Technicians. Safety Certified plus Our Premium Inspection Process. Minimum 90 day powertrain coverage or balance of factory warranty (whichever is greater)Additional Extended Warranty AvailablePlus, Free CarProof Vehicle History ReportsDilawri will protect your investment with thorough inspections by certified Acura technicians and ensure the road ahead for your Acura is a safe one. Providing a worry-free ownership experience is our official commitment to your peace of mind.
Please contact the seller to confirm pricing, features, odometer, and availability of this vehicle.
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Ke$ha confirmed.
Type: Posts; User: JCP123
Ke$ha confirmed.
Reverend Horton Heat:
Royal Blood:
Spoiler: not dog-fort pics.
Ben Harper and the innocent criminals "reunite" for 4 shows in SF late March, then Byron Bay the first weekend of April. Free both COACHELLA weekends...
Did everyone just ignor this to keep their hopes up?
Durst. Limp Bizkit Confirmed.
so LA Times is saying it'll be out after midnight?
lineup needs to drop so i can be the first to predict daft punk for 2014...
deftones posted a mid april show in SF on their facebook earlier (along with some other shows in march). They've since deleted the SF show...
Maynard had done it too.
their last show in hamilton is likely their last show ever. huge venue for them, just down the street from their hometown. The new EP is for the fans.
first post / no cred (long time lurker). i know. but i met OM&M in Toronto a few weeks ago, and one of their band members said they were 100% going to be at coachella.


text:
Valley charity aids children, honors fallen officer
In 2007, the unimaginable happened to Nancy Bonner. Her son, Glendale Police Officer Anthony Holly, was killed in the line of duty.
"Tony was always a very special young man," she told News/Talk 92.3 KTAR's Bruce St. James Show on Thursday. "I know I'm his mom, but anyone whoever met him agreed."
Holly joined the Air Force out of high school and, wanting to continue his service, joined the Glendale Police Department four years later. However, Bonner said his love had always been working with children.
"He was always very passionate about helping kids, even when he was young," she said, adding that Holly coached a Little League team while in the Air Force and was also a participant in the Big Brother/Big Sister program.
After Holly's death, Bonner decided to start the Anthony Holly Foundation, designed to help children around the Valley.
"Our biggest focus has been on needy kids," she said, adding that all funds donated to the foundation go to helping children build self-esteem and confidence. The foundation does not pay its workers.
Bonner said the foundation, through a program called Shop with a Cop, pairs a police officer with a child in need so the pair can spend time together. The foundation also funds field trips, zoo camps and other activities.
To donate to the Anthony Holly Foundation, go to anthonyhollyfoundation.org.
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- 6 tips to create the best family movie night


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Thu, 21/01/2010 - 06:17
RWC Partners has appointed Lakshman Harendran to its convertible bond team.
Harendran joins from Morgan Stanley Investment Management where he was a member of its fixed income team with a focus on convertible bonds, investment grade and high yield corporate bonds.
Harendran previously worked closely with Davide Basile, head of convertible bonds at RWC Partners.
Harendran joins Esther Watt and Michelle Shi who are analysts within the team and between them they are responsible for quantitative, credit and equity research. Basile leads the team and is also the portfolio manager.
RWC Partners manages approximately USD1bn in convertible bond assets.
Peter Harrison, chief executive at RWC Partners, says: "Lakshman's recruitment reinforces RWC Partners' position within the convertible asset class. Under Davide's stewardship the investment team continues to deliver the balanced exposure to the asset class that our investors expect."
Tue 28/02/2017 - 10:18
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Mon 27/02/2017 - 10:38
Tue 28/02/2017 - 12:49
Tue 28/02/2017 - 10:26
Tue, 28/Feb/2017 - 13:28
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Tue, 28/Feb/2017 - 10:18


text:
Hotel Atlantide
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Travel Blogs from Venice
More water!
... frames with planks to be able to walk over the water in different parts.
Found an Irish Pub last night to watch the rugby (All Blacks and France). Wasn't that a great game!!!
Our accommodation at Venice is strange!!!! 4 floors up with little steep stairs!!!! Apparently they don't have lifts in Venice. Will keep you posted. xxx
... and gelato. Serge/Roberta - unlike last time with you, it was dry. We kept our shoes on. No raised platforms. Cruise ships were in so a ton of people. Love those vaporretos for getting around on the Grand Canal. The Ponte Realto bridge is being refurbished so no pics. You were able to walk over it. Didn't take a lot of pics because "been there, done that". Thursday: I went for a nice walk with Zio Angelo while Sandy stayed with Zia Milena, waiting for Zio Gigetti ...
Day 11 - Venice & Gondolas
... was a memorable and great experience to view Venice from the canals and of course tick it off the bucket list. We rushed back to St Marks Square to meet our Venetian tour guide to do a quick city tour. However that was slightly interrupted when we saw a seagull attack a pigeon! She mentioned that the seagulls here don't eat fish due to the poor sanitation of the canals, so they eat the pigeons! Quite in shock, we carried on our walk as ...
... and cafes along the sides. We walked along looking in the shops, watching the women "tatting" the lace, and reading the menus. We finally selected a place for lunch and since it was still windy we decided to eat inside. We had delicious pasta and beer. By the time we went back outside the wind had died down and the sun was shining brightly. We parted company with Dave and ...
Walking Venice
I headed out at 9 this morning to see the Doges Palace before the crowds arrive. As I entered Piazza San Marco I wondered where the Bascilica had gone: Venice was shrouded in fog! So on this trip I have experienced Venice flooded, sunny and foggy and I've loved it! I've beaten the crowds to the Doges Palace and enjoy the beauty of the arched porticos surrounding the courtyard with only a handful of other people- until the ...


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This spot, opened in 1999, has a historical pedigree—it was the first South African restaurant to set up shop in the United States. Devoted to bringing the experience of the traditional South African "shebeen"—an informal, almost underground café—to American diners, Madiba offers a full menu of South African favorites, like curried frikkadels (meatballs), bobotie (a curried ground beef mince) or pap and vleis (lamb chops with cornmeal), as well as a selection of imported South African snacks and take-home products.
- Credit Cards Accepted
- African


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reesetee commented on the word toasted marshmallow
National Toasted Marshmallow Day: August 30. Unfortunately, S'mores Day is on August 10. Poor timing on the part of the National Confectioners Association.
November 8, 2007
Wordnik is fiscally sponsored by Planetwork NGO, Inc,a California 501(c) (3) non-profit educational organization, EIN #94-3366969.


text:
These rain boots are perfectly designed to protect little feet that love to jump in puddles.
- Printed PVC upper
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- Pull loop for easy on and off
With every pair of shoes you purchase, TOMS will give a new pair of shoes to a child in need. One for One®.
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TOMS run true to size and are available in medium width only. We recommend ordering the size you normally wear. If you are typically in between sizes, we recommend going with the smaller one since TOMS will stretch slightly as you break them in.


text:
10% off all photo/drone rental subtotals of $150+, 15% off $250+ with code LOVEYOU | Exp: 2.28.17 | Shop now >
Get $10 in credit when your friends receive their first Lumoid box.
Vacation, wedding, or family portraits? Whatever your needs are, we have the right gear for you, and we ship all over the US. Love the gear you just tried from Lumoid? Collect Lumoid Credits every time you try gear, and use them towards your gear purchase. Try Lumoid today!Learn more
Our main office is in San Francisco, CA but we are available over the internets for you! Chat with us (see that tiny box in the corner?), email us at email@example.com or call us at 1-800-683-5690. We're always happy to hear from you.Contact us


text: Hi, 4 and a half months ago, my partner was cleaning cups with bleach and he used it liberally. I drank some water out of one of the cups and felt an odd sensation; I knew it was bleach, must have drunk out of five different cups all of which were smothered in bleach. I noticed that my lips had gone from red to extremely pale and they also looked smaller, thinner and less plump. I can't see any improvement will they stay like this forever? I miss the colour of my lips


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I wanted to switch from lte to 3g or 2g to save some battery life on my Samsung Galaxy S3 sgh i747 unlocked (att version) so I downloaded an app I found called Viaero 4g Toggle. In the options I switched from LTE/GSM/WCDMA to WCDMA Preferred, and when I wanted to switch back it didn't work. Now I'm unable to use LTE. I tried resetting the APN and after many reboots and tries idk how it switched back, but only for a day, now it is stuck back in WCDMA and nothing works. Please help! I'm using android 4.1.1 jellybean, not rooted.
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text:
Don't intimidate me :)
As usual, this skin is best viewed on Google Chrome.
The navigations are the words BEAUTY OF, THE, and JOY.
If this is your first visit,so welcome.
Feel free to leave your footprint at my chatterbox.
And show some respect :)
Never blame any days in your life. Good days give you happiness. Unlucky days give you experiences. Both are fragrances of life. Happy New Year 2013.
Labels: January
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text:
We are a registered 501(c)(3) non-profit organization (Tax ID #77-0315648)
United Way ID designated to Chinmaya Mission San Jose is 212100
Hari Om, Over 250 devotees gathered at Chinmaya Sandeepany on the auspicious occasion of Makar Sankranti. The celebrations began with Lord Ayyappan Puja conducted by Panditji Ravichandran. This was followed by an uplifting and melodious Bhajan program by esteemed Bay Area artists, Sri N. Narayanan and Smt. Shanti Narayanan. A delicious dinner prasad was served to all
Hari Om, The day started with a beautiful one-hour bhajan program by the Swaranjali groups from Fremont and San Jose. Then over 450 people attended the VishnuSahasranam puja led by Pandit Ravichandran and Swami Bodhatmananda, relished the feast prepared by the able kitchen crew and enjoyed the fun Jeopardy game. It was a beautiful way
We're not around right now. But you can send us an email and we'll get back to you asap.


text: Neil Young's Fork In The Road: The Green Car Concept AlbumMatt Hardigree1/21/09 1:00pm60EditPromoteGo to permalinkThis video is apparently Young singing (or mouthing) the title track from Fork In The Road which is basically a condemnation of the choices people who own gas guzzlers make. It's pretty awful. If the whole album is this literal and angry it'll be completely un-listenable.


text:
In a dark room cried a young child. He called out for
his mother in the darkness of his room. He received
no visits, no hugs, no kisses. He dwelled in the
darkness of his room until his heart grew cold
with hatred. His mother cared little for him
and tortured him with hunger and cold treatment.
One night, he found freedom from the darkness of his
room by forcing his locked door and running with no
known destination into the city streets. The boy was
young, but learned quickly the ways of the streets.
Needing to eat and survive, he learned to steal. He had
learned to be a victim of violence with his mother, but
he had now learned to be the agressor. The years passed
and the boy became a clever and dangerous young man.
Being what he was, he tried taking a man's wallet by force
not knowing the man was armed. He succeeded in taking the
wallet, but as turned and ran a bullet penetrated his back.
He fell to the ground and laid there until an ambulance
arrived. He recovered from the wound, but lost mobility
in his legs. The boy was then charged with his crime and
was sentenced to five years in prison. The boy, now a man,
was once again surrounded by the darness of a room.
© Copyright 2017 Mezquiteno. All rights reserved.
Status: Finished
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Book / Poetry
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This website uses cookies to give you the best, most relevant experience. Using this website means you're Ok with this. You can change which cookies are set at any time - and find out more about them - by following this link.
Carrefour opened two new stores in January: – 21 January: in Chengdu, capital of Sichuan province (in the centre of China), the Longquanyi Carrefour opened up to the general public. This hypermarket is the 19th store to open in this particular town, creating more than 300 local jobs in the
Having turned food into a means of tackling exclusion, the Carrefour Foundation is joining forces with Ticket the Change for the fourth edition of its "Entrepreneur Programme". The aim is to find 50 budding entrepreneurs and leaders of projects that make a positive impact. Of the ten challenges
Carrefour selects Aragon egg producer for national distribution. Carrefour has signed a collaboration agreement with Granja Virgen del Rosario, from Zaragoza, as part of the company's strategic commitment to Spanish production. Rural Development and Sustainability Councillor, Mr Joaquín Olona
2016 Sales: €85.7bn Very good performance +3.3% in the full year and +3.5% in Q4 (ex petrol)
Fifth consecutive year of like-for-like sales growth and the best yearly performance over the period, at +3.0%: Relevance of our...


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Home Theater Tickets Musicals Kiss Me Kate
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text:
A shameless exercise in reviewing a friend's work, reprinted from my own place. Subsequently chopped down for length and content, since it's what Natalie has written that matters, not most of my personal additives. 😉
Many pages would serve well as a scan from Natalie d'Arbeloff's handbook, but I chose this pair because you can see both telling illustrations and the instructive text in
blood bold and even sometimes CAPS to make some of her points.
Natalie's notions of how the 'Worshipped Male' might set about juggling the "Primary", "Regulars" and "Temps" among the lays in his life were also the part of her work that provoked the most interesting real-life horror stories and criticism when I let a friend or two loose on her book in the Canteen [my favourite local restaurant]:
Since Ms d'Arbeloff might be curious to know what the likes of François, Tony and Jacques made of some of her observations, let it be said that if I've learned anything from 'The Joy of Letting Women Down: Secrets of the Worshipped Male' (Robson Books, 2000) it is, just for starters, to tell her that their informed opinions are Absolutely None of Her Business.
In a pocketful of liberally illustrated pages, Natalie has herself already revealed more than enough. Just take some of the wretched whistle-blower's chapter headings:
3 The Management of Female Lust and Jealousy
8 Sleeping Together
9 Time-Management and Excuses
12 Guilt, Contrition and Loveability.
In all, there are 15 such revelations, including accurate and splendidly politically incorrect sketches of the various "types" of women and men to be encountered in the "sex war".
The trouble with Natalie, quite apart from this bare-faced lack of discretion on matters worthy of the Vatican's Index Librorum Prohibitorum, is that she claims to have "been an expert on the subject of this book for most of her adult life and doesn't regret a minute of it".
She further lays claim to a "serious side", as if the above wasn't seriously bad already.
If you want to know how a 'Worshipped Male' (WM) functions and can manage to exist at all, you will have to read this handbook which takes the following contradiction as its starting point:
- "Most women want a man they can worship.
- Most women want a man they can rely on.
- It's a fact of life that these two things are incompatible (…)".
In further sweeping statements, practical examples of outrageous successes and bloody disasters, and reckless disclosures, Ms d'Arbeloff (her place) does what you could pay many psychoanalysts to do but would usually be wiser to trust your few real friends in providing for free.
With elegance, wit and irony, she holds up a mirror in which, male or female, you're almost bound to recognise part of yourself if you're honest — and irrespective of whether you agree with the woman.
If my friend in London is telling the truth about having lived much of what she writes, then she's a braver and bolder person than I am, because if I were a woman and had endured even the half of this lot, I think I might be a quivering wreck by now.
My own experiences with women, however, especially in the last decade or so, have unremittingly taught me that I possess virtually none of the requisites to be a 'WM' and have instead almost incessantly erred down the paths of alarmingly predictable reliability, blind loyalty and phenomenal naïvety.
It's no wonder that virtually my every bid to get lovely creatures who drive me half insane with lust to take their clothes off and allow me either to screw them or be laid by them has ended in variations on that balls-breaking theme I will stomach no more:
"Yes, I'll 'go out' with you as long as you just want to be good friends."
Yet any number of the most selfish, ugliest, mentally impoverished and total bastards I know among my own sex seem capable of arousing intense female desire virtually at the drop of a hat.
Sometimes they achieve this and sate their own lust without even the polite prelude of, say, buying dinner first and pretending to be seriously interested in any more than the bits tucked away under their bras, knickers and, occasionally, veils.
Regrettably, I also have a feminine side — a pronounced one according to all those tests you can have fun with on the Internet — and realise that Ms d'Arbeloff's immensely readable account of many things I unconsciously knew perfectly well but am happy to see written down is also of as much interest to women as it is to we men, the weaker sex.
She puts it better herself than I might:
"(The manual) is not suggesting that being a WM is a good thing. It is a very bad thing which, like many bad things, is also a lot of fun. This book reveals why this bad thing is fun and precisely why this fun is bad."
With consummate insight, Natalie sent me this slender but invaluable tome not for review but out of mercy as a New Year's gift in the immediate wake of my last documented disaster, which left dents both in my ego and my intended holiday budget for 2004.
To pretend that I regret any of my extremely unpleasant lessons to date would be as much of a mean-minded insult to the women I have desired — and sometimes still like — as it would be fruitless indulgence in self-pity over wasted years. I should also note that sometimes I have given quite as bad as I've got and proved a uncharitable mirror to some of these women myself, given sufficient provocation.
I haven't resolved with the turn of the year to be "bad", nor will I reveal some conclusions I have drawn with Natalie's helping hand. However, I remain unsure only whether it's still naïf of me or simply fair warning to inform the next gorgeous creature to tell me just what a "wonderfully kind, adorable man" I am that there is a price to be paid for the already tear-drenched shoulder I shall offer them, such being my nature, to weep on.
Ms d'Arbeloff's funny contribution to one of life's most eternal and intriguing mysteries will probably be among the most wisely spent investments in hard-won wisdom (Amazon UK) many who stumble across this review could make.Powered by Sidelines