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About stuostro
Proud to be a weather-obsessed weather geek! \m/ Senior meteorologist at The Weather Channel. If not a meteorologist, would be a DJ ♫
By: stuostro, 11:01 PM GMT on December 29, 2012
It's time for my annual "Meteorological Images of the Year" blog, which I look forward to doing every December!
This is the 7th one, with these being the previous entries on weather.com:
2011 (Also this slide show with additional images.)
2012 produced some iconic photographs, esp. those taken during Sandy and its aftermath; here I've selected my choices for top meteorological images -- radar and satellite, maps, charts and graphs -- based on how stunning or interesting they are visually and/or what they represented in terms of weather.
They are in chronological order, except for the final three, which are my picks for the top ones of the year due to their importance.
In January, a rotating thunderstorm in west-central Georgia perfectly took on the shape of the hurricane symbol!
Image credit: Gibson Ridge
On the next-to-last day of the month, large area of sinking, exceptionally dry air over the tropical Pacific Ocean shows up brightly in this water vapor image, along with an embedded little swirly thing southeast of Hawaii.
Image credit: UW-Madison SSEC
I love the high resolution and infrared temperature curve on images such as this taken by the VIIRS (Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite) instrument aboard NASA's Suomi NPP (National Polar-orbiting Partnership) satellite. They really capture the roiling detail of cold tops of tall thunderstorms. This one is of storms which produced flash flooding in Texas during the early morning of February 4.
Image credit: UW-Madison SSEC/CIMSS
That evening, storm chaser Andy Gabrielson, while traveling on I-44 in Oklahoma and not chasing storms, tragically lost his life when his vehicle was struck by a wrong-way driver. In a moving (both the motion and emotion sense) tribute coordinated by the chaser community, vehicles were driven into an arrangement by which their locations, when plotted via GPS on a map, formed his initials.
Image credit: The Spotter Network
Far out, man. Like, real far out. As in millions of miles away. This was a dust devil in February on Mars!
Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Univ. of Arizona
The image below shows something on radar you don't ever want to see bearing down on your town or city, but that's what it looked like with this spectacular "hook echo" appendage on a nasty supercell, moments before a vicious tornado hit West Liberty, Kentucky on March 2.
Image credit: Gibson Ridge
These red dots, representing all of the daily high temperature records broken in March 2012, make it look like the U.S. is burning up. It figuratively was during the extraordinary mid-late month off-the-charts warm wave during which many temperature records for the month of March were broken, and literally was in Colorado late in the month with the Lower North Fork Fire that killed three people.
This was the warmest March for the contiguous 48 in records going back to the late 1800s, and with ongoing warmth and increasingly dry weather during spring, that led to a rapidly worsening and expanding drought and set the stage for other bad wildfires such as the Waldo Canyon Fire in June.
Image credit: NOAA/NCDC
Speaking of swirly things, this was a big one on April 2 with a particularly vivid circular appearance on water vapor satellite imagery.
Image credit: UW-Madison SSEC
Winter 2011-12 itself didn't bring much snow to the Northeast U.S., but storms in late October and late April, dubbed "Snowtober" and "Snowpril," respectively, did. Both caused power outages resulting from heavy wet snow falling on leaved trees. This is the April cyclone in its formative stage over the Gulf of Mexico.
Image credit: NCAR/UCAR
Another extreme surge of high temperatures occurred in June, with more than 80 locations breaking their previous record high temperature for any month, including this 109F reading in Nashville on June 29.
On the same day, a new record for anywhere in South Carolina was set. From a December South Carolina Department of Natural Resources press release: "The temperature observation of 113 F recorded that day at the Columbia University of South Carolina National Weather Service (NWS) Cooperative site has been approved as the new state of South Carolina record maximum temperature. This value breaks the long-standing record of 111 F first set on September 4, 1925, at Blackville, at Calhoun Falls on September 8, 1925, and tied at Camden on June 27, 1954. South Carolina's first state temperature record was recognized in 1887, 125 years ago."
Image credit: The Weather Channel
A strong, hot, dry ridge of high pressure to the north of Isaac in late August blocked the hurricane and slowed its movement, prolonging and exacerbating its impacts. Here, Isaac, having weakened to a tropical depression, pokes northward into that ridge.
Image credit: NCAR/UCAR
At the end of September, Jelawat was the latest in a series of what in the western Pacific are known as "super typhoons," with sustained winds of at least 150 mph.
In addition to this overall being one of the most spectacular satellite images of a tropical cyclone this year, note the interesting straight-edge boundary in the cold cloud tops just north and northwest of the eye.
After the time of this image, the intensity became less extreme but Jelawat nevertheless hit Japan hard including Okinawa.
Image credit: Daniel Lindsey / CIRA
This ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) model forecast was jaw-dropping both in what it showed, and in how accurate it ended up being eight days in advance.
Image credit: WSI
So much can and has been written about Hurricane/Superstorm Sandy (and I recently posted a long entry).
This is an image which represents the extremity of the coastal flooding, along with the measurements suddenly and chillingly stopping.
The blue line is the normal astronomical tide level, the green line is the amount above that -- the storm surge -- and the red line is the total height of the two, the storm tide, in feet above MLLW (Mean Lower Low Water). Here is an NWS statement which was issued:
Image credit: NOAA-NOS-CO-OPS
An eerie water vapor image of Sandy the day after landfall.
Image credit: NERC Satellite Receiving Station, Dundee University, Scotland
An intensifying Bopha in early December, at a latitude unusually close to the equator, on its way to being a super typhoon with the equivalent intensity of a Category 5 hurricane and taking a terrible toll on the Philippines.
Image credit: UW-Madison SSEC/CIMSS
The pink/lavender shades burst even more in this colorized infrared satellite image of Severe Tropical Cyclone Evan on December 16 as it brings damage to Fiji after hitting Samoa hard, and show small-scale wavy detail to the north and east of the center of the storm.
Image credit: UW-Madison SSEC/CIMSS
On Christmas Day and on into the night, a vicious jet stream trough produced everything from blizzard conditions to a tornado outbreak. It was déjà vu for Mobile, Alabama, which had been hit by a tornado just five days prior.
Image credit: Gibson Ridge
We are in the midst of one of the most severe and expansive droughts on record in the U.S.
And, as Dr. Masters blogged about yesterday, the situation is disconcerting as the new year arrives.
This is the time of year climatologically most conducive to significant alleviation of drought, as evaporation is relatively less with the sun low in the sky and the air not hot, and precipitation tends to be less localized than it typically is with summer's thunderstorms, even though they can be torrential.
Yet despite this month's weather systems with all their snow, rain and tornadoes, the most substantial precipitation has generally fallen outside of the core of the drought. Hopefully that will change, but it won't be long before the sun gets much stronger, the air heats up, evaporation increases and precipitation becomes on average less widespread.
Image credit: U.S. Drought Monitor
Not only is this a stunning water vapor satellite image, but it represents the immense size of Sandy, and, in what was an epiphanous moment for me, the central pressure was staying down around 960 millibars, very low, despite the storm being virtually devoid of deep convection. As I described in my blog on Sandy and the 2012 hurricane season, it was like when in Alfred Hitchcock's North By Northwest the guy says to Cary Grant, "That plane's dusting crops where there ain't no crops." This storm was doing things that storms don't usually do, and it was now clear that the size, strength, and central pressure at landfall being predicted by some model runs were not overdone.
Sandy was becoming the ultimate hybrid (at least so far in the known meteorological record), a catastrophic combination of a tropical, subtropical, and extratropical (non-tropical) cyclone.
Image credit: UW-Madison SSEC/CIMSS
The calamitous impact from Sandy was a result of its size/strength and its unprecedented (in the known historical record) track.
The swerve toward the west and square-on into the northeast United States was the result of this exceptional blocking ridge, yet another case along with so many others I've documented in recent years in which a strong ridge of high pressure aloft has been associated with extreme temperatures, precipitation and/or storminess, in the context of the background state of pressures aloft rising concurrently with temperatures.
And recent published research by Jennifer Francis and Stephen Vavrus identified specific connections between loss of Arctic sea ice and changes in general circulation patterns downstream including ridges of high pressure aloft.
The map shows departure from average "500 millibar heights," with the ones centered just south of Greenland being exceptionally far above average, in the context of record-smashing such heights overall for October in that area.
Image credit: Wright-Weather.com
Which leads me to ...
Last but not least, arguably the most disturbing image of all meteorological/climatological ones this year.
The extent of arctic sea ice in 2012 (light blue line at the bottom of the graph) shattered the previous satellite-era record low (2007, dashed green line), as the ice thickness & volume also get even lower.
The water, ice and atmosphere don't care about politics, they observe the physical, thermodynamic and chemical laws of the universe. Yes, climate models can be wrong, and they have underestimated the rapidity with which the Arctic is changing.
Image credit: National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC)
Hurricane Winter Weather Tornado Fire Flood Drought Climate Change
Updated: 2:58 AM GMT on December 30, 2012
By: stuostro, 2:50 AM GMT on December 06, 2012
The Atlantic hurricane season officially ended a few days ago (while the atmosphere was trying but not succeeding in an attempt to produce a 20th storm, Valerie). Of course what it will be most remembered for, for generations to come, was Sandy, and that's what most of this long entry will focus on; first, here are some thoughts on other notable aspects and takeaways of the season.
-- How many storms develop matters for some people (including forecasters such as me!), businesses and the government/military, and the effort to understand the meteorological and climate factors that go into determining the outcome of a season is a worthwhile one and excellent scientific work has been done in that regard. Yet, as I have been saying for years, 2012 reinforced again, and in fact more than ever, the utter uselessness of seasonal forecasts for public preparedness, with the ability to predict critical details of individual storms months in advance being beyond the state of the science. And this year, even forecasts for the total number of storms lacked accuracy.
-- In regard to the total numbers, an oddity is that a very high total number (19) of storms developed, but there was only one Category 3+, a curiously high ratio. Some of that dichotomy between total number of storms and high-end hurricanes might be due to technological advances and subjective human assessments which result in more systems of only tropical storm intensity getting designated as such than in the pre-satellite era or even a couple decades ago, but on the opposite end, analyses indicate that atmospheric instability was below average over the tropical Atlantic throughout the season, and tropical storms and Category 1-2 hurricanes trying to intensify seemed to often be fighting dry air.
-- Interestingly, while one of the U.S. hits occurred right during the peak-season [not-so-]sweet spot (Isaac in late August), there was exceptional early development (two named storms before the official start of the season), and the biggest event occurred late in the season and was an ultimate hybrid (characteristics of tropical, subtropical, and extratropical cyclones).
-- This was a season, whether or not Sandy was a hurricane at landfall, which reinforced that a tropical cyclone doesn't have to be of hurricane intensity wind-wise to produce severe effects. Debby was only a tropical storm and nevertheless produced major flooding in Florida. Speaking of which, there must be a better way than the current one of referring to Category 3+ hurricanes. Officially they are called "major" ones, but tropical cyclones can be less than a Category 3 hurricane and have very major impacts, as evidenced by Sandy, Isaac and Debby this year, and Ike and Allison and many others in previous years. (Just like another "m" word -- the official term of a "moderate" risk of severe thunderstorms -- can be misleading.)
-- Similarly, this was a season which reinforced yet again that with tropical cyclones, size matters: Sandy & Isaac (large) vs. Beryl (tiny). Everyone recognizes the limitations of the Saffir-Simpson Scale, and while "IKE" (Integrated Kinetic Energy) incorporates the size element, it has its own complexities and challenges from a public communication standpoint. There's got to be a way to crack this nut.
-- Related to that, this was a season of people not evacuating in time in advance of storm surge flooding, in communities in Louisiana such as Braithwaite (Isaac) and along the coast of New Jersey and New York (Sandy). That issue has been around for as long as there have been landfalling tropical cyclones, and even in this modern meteorological/technological/communication age, it still exists.
-- In looking at the average atmospheric circulation pattern aloft from May through October (map below), there are some things which stand out. The blue shades, representative of low pressure (troughs), fits well with there having been landfalls in Louisiana, Florida (two storms) and New Jersey, while there was another cluster of tracks way out toward the Azores. What jumps out the most, though, is that big red/orange spot over southern Greenland. The technical term for it is a large positive 500 millibar height anomaly, in other words higher-than-average pressure aloft, and analyses of individual months during that May-October period show that this signal was recurrent over/near that location (in fact going back to April), culminating in the über blocking ridge of high pressure there at the time of Sandy.
Image credit: NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory
When I was a young weather-obsessed boy growing up in New Jersey and frequently going "down the shore" as we say in NJ, I'd look up at the sky and wonder what it would be like when The Big One came.
Now I know.
Everything with Sandy came together perfectly. In a bad way, like the 1991 Perfect Storm, but in an even more -- much more -- extraordinary way both meteorologically and with the severity and scope of impacts on land. And it was a perfect storm of ingredients in more ways than just weatherwise. If a script writer came up with a storyline like this, maybe it'd win an Academy Award, although it might be viewed as being too much of a Hollywood fantasy. You can't make this stuff up. This really happened. Truth really can be stranger than fiction.
Sandy had elements which were a tremendous success forecast-wise, starting with a remarkable prediction made eight days in advance by the ECMWF model. It cannot, though, overall be considered a fabulous success for the "weather enterprise" given the communication and procedural fiascos involved and the tragic loss of more than 130 people, the highest death toll in the northeast U.S. from a tropical cyclone in 57 years.
In the meteorological script, tropical and non-tropical forces, rather than as is typically the case competing with each other or at best balancing each other out, came together in a way to wickedly reinforce each other and make the end result even worse.
This analysis below shows the storm and its "warm core" (temperatures in the atmospheric column in the center of circulation higher than those surrounding it, characteristic of tropical cyclones) just offshore of New Jersey perfectly nestled between two "coupled jets" and their left front & right rear quadrants, known as "left exit and right entrance" regions (a configuration usually associated with non-tropical cyclones), which are conducive to air motions that are diverging in upper levels and rising from below along with low surface pressures. [The northern jet was blowing in an atypical direction, which for a while caused my eyes and brain to invert it into representing another left exit region over the storm; thanks to Jon Nese for pointing out that it's actually a right entrance there!]
Image credit: Plymouth State University
Sadly Sandy had it all: quick intensification over the Caribbean to nearly Category 3 strength, and devastation and tragedy there; then it became the Atlantic hurricane with the largest diameter of tropical storm force winds on record, nearly 1000 miles, while turning into essentially a hurricane within a nor'easter; it took an unheard-of track toward an extremely populated area; and, in its final stage, the record-setting late-season tropical system begat a record-setting early-season snowstorm.
Mel Shapiro is one of the world's leading experts on cyclones.
Bob Henson of NCAR/UCAR, in an article about the hybrid superstorm, writes, "I asked Shapiro how often he's seen a storm like Sandy. He replied, 'Never.'"
And then there was the other stuff.
A controversial decision was made by the National Weather Service to not issue hurricane watches or warnings for a large, powerful hurricane expected to head directly toward and hit square-on one of the most highly populated areas on the planet, the reason given being that at the last minute before landfall it'd become a "post-tropical" cyclone. They then took the inconceivable (but it actually happened!) step of issuing a 1 1/2 page statement trying to explain and justify the decision.
In what appeared to be more than just a coincidence, the mayor of the Big Apple said on Saturday evening, October 27, ~48 hours before landfall, "Let me tell you first we are not ordering any evacuations as of this time for any parts of the city. We're making that decision based on the nature of the storm. Although we're expecting a large surge of water, it is not expected to be a tropical storm or hurricane-type surge. With this storm, we'll likely see a slow pileup of water rather than a sudden surge, which is what you would expect with a hurricane, and which we saw with Irene 14 months ago."
I couldn't believe my ears.
When I was that young boy in the NJ suburbs of NYC there was a snowstorm in 1969 that became known as "The Lindsay Storm" after that mayor was perceived to have not handled the city's response to the storm well. Now a mayor of one of the biggest cities of the world was misrepresenting the threat posed by a colossal hurricane.
Here is an elaboration upon what I said on camera in a recent TWC video piece about the lack of hurricane watches and warnings being issued.
1. From a communication standpoint, every word matters. In general, walking the line should be strived for between neither overplaying nor underplaying the seriousness of an upcoming weather situation, its expected impacts, and the probability thereof.
"Hurricane warning" (or watch) has an aura to it that the other warnings, such as high wind or coastal flood warnings issued for Sandy, do not, just as "tornado warning" has an inherently different tone to it and is perceived and reacted to differently than a severe thunderstorm warning, even though in a given situation the thunderstorms are expected to be producing similar wind speeds, just twisting vs. straight-line.
I have thought that at times in the past, the issuance of hurricane warnings, and then sticking with them when it was clear hurricane conditions were not going to happen, has been overdone. But in this case, it was clear that winds, at least in gusts, solidly to hurricane force were going to hit land, and the waves/surge were going to even be in excess of what would typically be the case with a Category 1 hurricane, because of the size of the wind field. (There's the age-old issue of gusts vs. sustained winds, but there have been times when a system was classified as a hurricane at landfall, and few if any sustained winds of hurricane force were measured on land.)
Bryan Norcross has written much more about the Sandy communication issues in his Wunderground blog.
2. Thus, a hurricane warning should have been issued unless the storm was going to undergo sufficient extratropical transition well before landfall such that "hurricane" warnings could not be meteorologically justified. However, models showed the cyclone being warm-core right up to and including landfall, and that's what was observed. Whether it had truly become primarily non-tropical shortly before it made landfall is debatable; it had always possessed hybrid characteristics along with its warm core, and although at landfall the process of substantively transitioning to a mainly non-tropical cyclone was finally starting to get underway, it arguably hadn't made sufficient progress yet.
3. Whether or not at the last minute it had lost enough tropical cyclone characteristics matters for insurance rules, and for debates about the technicality that the National Hurricane Center invoked in advance as justification for not issuing hurricane warnings, i.e. that it would no longer be a tropical cyclone. But ultimately that seems moot, as the NHC was calling it a hurricane right up until that last moment, and while it was still a hurricane, wind gusts well above the hurricane force threshold of 74 mph were occurring on land along with serious coastal surge flooding and record tide levels. Sandy was not declared post-tropical until 7pm EDT on the 29th and gusts as high as 90 mph were measured (in Islip) a half-hour prior, and an hour before that the water level at Sandy Hook had already exceeded that of Hurricane Donna and the December 1992 nor'easter.
[UPDATE: As I'm posting this, news is breaking that the National Hurricane Center is proposing changes to their policy as a result of these issues with Sandy. Even with that, though, there was another communication snafu!]
Meanwhile, as New Jersey was reeling from the storm, the governor and a mayor of a coastal city were publicly accusing each other.
And all of this was going on a week before a presidential election.
Then after the storm it got even better (worse). There was news that an official assessment would be commencing ... but then came word that it was being abruptly halted. Exactly what the reason was for that and the extent to which it was valid and reasonable is still being hotly discussed, and there are new plans for an assessment, but regardless that cessation looked bad, raised eyebrows, and decreased trust.
Prior to the storm making landfall, yours truly even suddenly found himself becoming part of the Sandy script. I've had viruses such as a respiratory one I was fighting around the time of the storm, but this time experienced a different kind. I thought that if someday I electronically had my Viral Moment (at least the first if not only one), it'd be because of something I'd written or said about global warming. (More on that topic in a moment...) Turned out it was when I posted a trosum (tropical summary) on Sunday the 28th, the day before landfall, on weather.com and here as a Wunderblog entry, which went viral after a TWC tweet urged people to "please read/retweet this strongly-worded statement from our senior meteorologist." And that they did, it being retweeted more than 3,000 times, which then led to a gazillion web articles and blogs. This one was particularly entertaining, as was this one with its snide remark at the end.
What put me over the edge was a set of ominous signs that were not only confirming what the computer forecast models had been predicting, if anything the storm was already overachieving on expectations that were inordinately high. And it wasn't just that, it was the nature of what was happening. Like in Alfred Hitchcock's North By Northwest, when the guy says to Cary Grant, "That plane's dusting crops where there ain't no crops," this storm was doing things that storms don't usually do, both meteorologically and with effects produced.
On Saturday, October 27, two days before the center of circulation came ashore in New Jersey, significant coastal flooding was reported on the east coast of South Florida even though the core of the storm stayed offshore and was pulling farther away, and tide levels were not all that much above normal astronomical levels. The contribution by the full moon didn't seem to fully explain it. In eastern North Carolina in the Wilmington area, trees were downed despite the center passing very far offshore.
Those things were directly and indirectly representative of Sandy's circulation becoming ginormous. What's more, by that afternoon, as can be seen in the image below, the circulation consisted of just a swirl of ragged, mainly shallow clouds virtually devoid of deep convection, yet the storm retained its central pressure at a very low 960 millibars along with a strong wind field. There weren't any crops, yet the plane was dusting...
Image credit: UW-Madison SSEC/CIMSS
Then in yet another ominous sign, and reminiscent of Hurricane Ike in Texas, coastal flooding such as this in Wildwood was already occurring in New Jersey on Sunday the 28th, long before the main direct surge of water and onshore winds occurred. This was going to be a multiple-high-tide event, and by the time of the morning one on the day of destiny, Monday, October 29, 2012, water levels were even higher and the flooding getting more serious on the Jersey Shore with still 12 hours to go before landfall of the center and the primary storm surge, and with winds that morning blowing offshore! That Sandy plane was again dusting where there ain't no crops. A little extra water height from tides elevated by the full moon contributed, but the primary culprit was the size of the storm.
Then the main event came during the afternoon and evening in the northeast U.S., with both a strong surface pressure gradient and an even more intense core of wind just above the surface, some of that being able to transfer down and produce 70-90 mph gusts. Many millions of people lost power, and countless trees came down.
Although the high astronomical tide that evening was a little lower than the ones before and after it (thus one must be careful to not overstate the role of the full moon in the outcome), the strongest onshore winds and the peak storm surge in New York City coincided with the time of high astronomical tide, the worst possible timing.
Water level at The Battery in New York City. Blue = astronomical tide levels; red = the actual observed level; green = the difference between the two, or the surge value. Image credit: NOAA/NOS/CO-OPS
That was a factor in the storm tide (astronomical tide + surge) water levels which set records in places such as The Battery in Lower Manhattan and Sandy Hook, N.J., adding extra zing to the main ingredient in the recipe for catastrophe: an extraordinary hybrid cyclone -- a hurricane within a nor'easter -- with a central pressure of 940 millibars as it headed toward the coast and not rising much before landfall (exceptionally low for that area and representative of the storm's overall power), taking a track unprecedented in the known historical record, with the center of circulation moving perpendicularly into the New Jersey coast and a lethally large area of sustained tropical storm force winds and hurricane force gusts blasting directly onshore.
After Sandy was no longer officially designated "Hurricane Sandy," The Weather Channel commenced referring to it as "Superstorm Sandy." That name was all over the media, social and otherwise, long before TWC started using it. It did not originate with us, and meteorologists including me were involved in the decision to adopt it. Initially I was resistant, given the sacred ground that the March 1993 Superstorm occupies in the annals of weather history, but came to the conclusion that Sandy's meteorological attributes and the scope of its impacts were sufficient to justify the use of the term again for the second time in the modern era of meteorology. There was an event in 1950 – the "Appalachian Storm" in November of that year – that would probably also merit such a moniker.
Sandy appears to have been a game-changer for the conversation about the topic of "anthropogenic global warming" (AGW).
In the wake of the storm the reaction has been intense, most notably stoked by this:
Image credit: Bloomberg Businessweek
In an on-camera TWC video segment, I said, "In the wake of Sandy, there have been two opposite, extreme reactions: either, 'Of course global warming caused it,' or, 'That's balderdash!' What we need to do take a step back, take a deep breath, and objectively assess what role if any global warming may have played. When we do that, given the storm's track and meteorological nature, its context amongst other extreme events and patterns in recent years, and what one would expect to see in a warmed climate system and the physical processes involved, a reasonable initial conclusion is that global warming -- the changing climate -- did contribute to the outcome."
It seems there are four potential ways, with varying levels of confidence/likelihood which I've suggested:
Sea level: Definitely
It has been analyzed to have risen approximately a foot in the past century along the New Jersey and New York coasts. On the one hand, Sandy's storm tide and coastal flooding would have been extreme even without this. On the other hand, the rise did make the water level higher and contributed to the outcome.
Water temperatures: Possibly
Sea surface temperatures (SSTS) were running well above average all along Sandy's path from the Caribbean to the north, and exceptionally so in the Gulf stream offshore of the Mid-Atlantic and Northeast coasts, an area representing a critical time in Sandy's track. How warm the water is at the surface and below can be overrated as a factor in tropical cyclone intensity, as what's going on in the atmosphere is what's most important, but everything else being equal, water which is much warmer than average is more favorable to increasing or maintaining strength than water which is much cooler than average. The question with Sandy is whether it made a difference and if so to what extent, and to what extent this regional anomaly was related to the overall global trend of warming ocean water.
Storm strength/size: Possibly
The jury is still out on how global warming is and/or will be affecting tropical cyclones. Latest research suggests perhaps a future increase in intensity, not frequency, but assessing a relationship between changes in climate and hurricanes is more complex and difficult than, say, identifying a connection with changes in extreme temperatures.
Climate change research also suggests an increase in precipitation extremes (both dry and wet), via increased evaporation.
While one wonders what might have been if the hurricane which almost reached Category 3 strength while in the Caribbean hadn't been disrupted so much while crossing Cuba, Sandy's winds while over the Atlantic weren't particularly extreme; and, though Sandy produced heavy rain in some areas and the remarkable snowstorm in the Appalachians, the storm's total precipitation wasn't particularly extreme by tropical cyclone standards.
The humongous size and bizarrely perfect hybrid hurricane-within-a-nor'easter structure were among the aspects of Sandy which were extraordinary. For now it's not clear exactly what the physical connection would be between a warmer atmosphere and larger and/or hybrid storms, though there could be one and further study is merited.
Dr. Masters posted a blog entry focusing on this question and came to a similar conclusion; but aside from Sandy, as he asked in an entry following Isaac, "What's the deal with these super-sized Category 1 and 2 hurricanes that have been hitting the U.S.?"
Track: Likely
Sandy's path heading northeast about halfway between North Carolina and Bermuda but then turning sharply left and making a perpendicular beeline to the New Jersey coast is unprecedented in the known historical record. That should beg the question, "What's up with that? Did the fact that the climate is changing play a role?"
For that to be the case, a logical meteorological connection ought to be evident, and there is one.
Recent published research by Jennifer Francis and Stephen Vavrus identified specific connections between loss of Arctic sea ice (the minimum extent of which this year broke 2007's record low during the satellite era) and changes in general circulation patterns downstream including ridges of high pressure aloft.
And I've added Sandy to the >1000-slide compendium I've compiled of cases in recent years in which strong ridges of high pressure aloft have played a role in extreme temperatures, precipitation, and storms, in the context of an overall trend of rising pressures aloft (actually heights such as that of the 500 millibar level) not just over the Arctic but in the larger scale, in concurrence with rising temperatures.
Image credit: Wright-Weather.com
Not only was the "blocking" ridge centered over southern Greenland exceptionally strong (map above) at the time of the storm, which in combination with an insanely "negatively-tilted" trough over the central-eastern United States forced Sandy to take that path, it occurred in the context of this:
That graph courtesy of NOAA's Earth System Research Laboratory website is a plot of average 500 millibar heights in October at high latitudes (50°N to the pole). There is both an obvious upward trend since the 1970s and an extreme peak in October 2012, likely representing an influence of the warming climate upon the configuration of the atmosphere steering flow by "setting the table" and skewing the odds for if not outright causing Sandy's unusual track, which led to the outcome.
Whether a hurricane or a post-tropical cyclone at landfall, and regardless of global warming, Sandy was one for the ages, and reinforces how vulnerable we are to the forces of nature. This Joisey boy's heart aches for, and my thoughts are with, those in my home state and everyone who was in the path of the storm.
Water vapor satellite image of Sandy the day after landfall. Image credit: NERC Satellite Receiving Station, Dundee University, Scotland
[This entry was updated on December 6 to add a couple images/sentences.]
Hurricane Nor'Easter Winter Weather Climate Change
Updated: 3:56 PM GMT on July 06, 2014
The views of the author are his/her own and do not necessarily represent the position of The Weather Company or its parent, IBM.


text: Ass-Engined Kafka Car Could Be Yours!Murilee Martin9/07/07 3:15pmFiled to: found on eBay1962CzechoslovakiaRear-EnginedT-603eBayTatra45EditPromoteShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalink So what kind of wrong, wrong person would disapprove of a car with a rear-mounted 2.5-liter flathead hemi V8 engine? An air-cooled hemi V8, even! This may well be the raddest Iron Curtain car ever, and that's including the ZIS 112! We're currently engaged in frantic lobbying to somehow make Gawker buy us this Tatra as the Official Jalopnik Staff Car; will let y'all know how that works out. Bidding is up to $7900 at this moment, but the reserve has not been met. [eBay] Reply45 repliesLeave a reply

subset: commoncrawl


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Cabbage Soup
Total Time
Prep 15 mins
Cook 45 mins
I've tried a variety of cabbage soups, and none can compare to my tasty bowl of heaven, taste great and its good for you !!
Ingredients Nutrition
- 1 head cabbage
- 1 large yellow onion
- 2 green bell peppers
- 1 bunch celery
- 5 -6 large carrots (peeled )
- 1 (7 ounce) can mushrooms
- 1 -1 7⁄8 ounce vegetable soup mix
- 1 -46 fluid ounce low-sodium V8 juice
- 1 (14 ounce) can Mexican-style tomatoes
- 1 tablespoon extra virgin olive oil
- Clean and cut your fresh vegetables into small bite size pieces.
- Next add oil and all your vegetables to a five quart sauce pan, high heat for about four minutes.
- Next add soup packet mix, can of stewed tomatoes, and all of V-8 juice, bring to boil, then reduce heat and simmer 45 minutes to an hour.
- If you want your soup to have some heat add a couple dashes of the Cholula hot sauce to individual servings.Very tasty soup.
Most Helpful
Very good, don't like mushrooms so i didn't use. This soup was great.
We enjoyed this tonight. I made 1/2 of the recipe but I did not use mushrooms, used all 14ounces of the tomatoes. I might of used more V8 juice if I had more. But this is really thick with veggies. Oh, the brand of vegetable soup mix I used was 'knorr'. I adopted this chef for the *Strong PAC 2008* game
Lovely soup. I had to use up some Napa cabbage, so that's what I used. I also don't care much for the taste of green peppers and chose an orange one and left out the mushrooms which is another taste preference. I really loved that it had minimal fat. :)


text:
- Reel Reviews: 2017 Oscar picks
- 'American Idiot' at EPAC
- Warwick grad producing 'Million Dollar Quartet' at Dutch Apple
- 'Somewhereville Station' revisits the 50s and 60s
- St. Patty's musical at Ephrata Main
- Dance, concert will benefit Jamaica missions
- Happy Anniver5ary, St. Boniface!
- Downtown diversity
- Travelogue will explore Colorado River this Saturday
Samantha Moyer, 42, Ephrata native
Samantha Moyer, age 42, of Frankford, Del., formerly of Bowmansville, passed away Wednesday, June 6, 2012 at the Delaware Hospice Center in Milford, Del.
Born in Ephrata, she was the daughter of Cindy F. Evans of Frankford and the late Robert L. Moyer.
Sam was a graduate of Garden Spot High School class of 1989. She enjoyed animals, crafts, music and dancing.
In addition to her mother, she is survived by her stepfather: Jack Evans, of Frankford; a half-sister: Christina Pennabaker, of Morgantown; and numerous aunts, uncles and cousins living in Pennsylvania.
Services will be held at the convenience of the family.
Memorial donations may be sent to the Tunnell Cancer Center, 18947 John J. Williams Highway, Rehoboth Beach, DE 19971 or Delaware Hospice Center, 100 Patriots Way, Milford, DE 19963.
Online condolences may be sent by visiting melsonfuneralservices.com.


text:
Skip to comments.Dealing with gay family member situation (vanity)
Posted on 12/08/2011 11:52:02 AM PST by AUJenn
We have a close family member who decided a few years ago that she was gay. I say 'decided' because up until then, she had always dated men and was actually about to get married. It came as a huge shock to everyone and has taken a while to get used to. She has had the same partner since she announced her lifestyle change. It has been difficult for me and other family members to accept and get used to their living arrangements, lifestyle, etc, especially on holidays. But as time has gone on, I have accepted this is how she is going to live and there is nothing I can do about it. But I don't like it.
I have always been polite and cordial because I see no sense in being rude or hostile. And if I were hateful, it would just give conservatives/Christians a bad name IMO, and would add fuel to their fire. That being said....she has announced that she and her partner are having a baby. The partner is pregnant. This has really thrown us for a loop, as we never expected this to happen.
It so happens that I have a small child and am expecting again, so it really makes me think. I am completely against their doing this. But I have no idea how to publicly act or respond to this situation - especially at upcoming family holiday events. I don't feel like happily telling them 'congratulations!' or talking about baby things. I think about how this poor kid is going to feel about his/her parent situation, or how I'm going to explain to my children why this baby 'has two moms' and on and on.
If anyone has a gay family member or has been in a similar situation, I'd love to hear how you handle it. Thank you -
Why is a homosexual girlfriend of a familiy member "family"?
Telling AUJenn to pull the plank out of her own eye is freaking offensive. She is polite and wanting to know how other people deal with this situation. Having a family member decide to become a homosexual is a difficult situation - homosexual behavior is immoral, perverse and destructive.
Jesus' admonistion about puttling the speck from one's own eye is irrelevant to the discussion.
Your insult to AUJenn makes me sick.
You will gain only the enmity of your entire family if you tell them what they are doing is wrong.
Dummy up and mind your own business.
You don't have to invite them to YOUR house.
I have a 3 year old and my brother is gay. I simply will not let my son be around if my brother's boyfriend is going to be there. He can have a bachelor uncle, but he will not have a gay uncle.
Project much?
I said nothing about hostility, and I don't HAVE a gay family member.
Jesus did NOT tolerate sin. Jesus confronted sin.
You do not believe that a Christian can "fall away" or commit sinful acts after baptism? Why are there Biblical instructions for how to deal with brothers and sisters in Christ who lead sinful lives?
Some of the advice offered here is eye-opening. I find it amazing so many freepers are willing to put up with homosexual behavior in front of children.
Eye opening for sure.
Who, besides yourself, is discussing putting up with homosexual behavior (it's called sex) in front of the kids?
Really, you find it amazing that family is so important to freepers that we work to keep the family bonds intact in spite of our differences?
You can have exactly zero positive influence on someone you alienate.
How's that tagline working out for you?
Very disturbing. And I haven't even read the whole thread yet.
First, I was referring to the actual family member as that is who the OP was referring in her original comment.
Second, the 'plank' comment wasn't directed specifically at the OP but is a general statement that everyone has faults and sins including ourselves and if we cut off everyone who has sins, we have to cut off everyone including ourselves.
You read way, way too much into that comment.
If you've even considered being "hateful", you are not making Christians look bad, you are making YOU look bad, and probably not all that Christ-like. I also fail to see where it would reflect on conservatives as a group.
Being fake isn't going to get you anywhere ... if this is a close family member, she is going to know that you are not sincere.
I strongly suggest loving the sinner and praying for the sin. The Bible may have something to say on the matter.
Excellent advice, and the voice of experience.
Such acts are sinful, and they are grave sins. The Bible says that they are worthy of death if convicted of the crime in a competent court. Of course, the acts are no longer illegal in America and in many nations.
In order to know what to do, it helps to think hypothetically for a moment. Imagine the family member had committed murders; this is also defined as a sin that should be punished by death. Imagine that murder was no longer punishable under American law.
We would still want our family member to repent of their sin, even if they do not have to stand trial; to become aware of the truths in the Bible, to acknowledge that the acts are indeed wrong, to acknowledge that they committed the acts, and therefore to understand their need for salvation in Jesus Christ.
Sometimes people live their entire lives in sin and, upon death, are assured only of damnation; eternal separation from God. Oftentimes God orders people's lives such that they commit horrible and disgusting sins, and this serves to provide the basis for them to become convicted of their own sin in a most dramatic way.
Christians must ask themselves, with anything that they like to have, or like to do - which is more important, God or that thing ? What are my priorities ? The Bible tells us that God is first in the heart of the believer. The believer will place God above country and family. Even to the point of perhaps going againsts hundreds of years of tradition or becoming a social outcast. While my earthly life may be much easier by going along with the crowd of heathens, I have nothing to look forward to beyond that, and earthly life is very fleeting. And none of my friends or family can come to my defense regarding my final judgement; only Jesus Christ can do that.
As far as those who live in habitual sin, and who therefore have every appearance of being unbelievers, as there is no other logical conclusion other than they simply have not yet been spiritually reborn, Christians are commanded to simply bring them the Word of God, the Gospel; BOTH the New and the Old Testaments. God and his law are unchanging, they do not change with the whims of humans. While looking at the Old Testament in such a case will convict the sinner in their heart, the New Testament presents the salvation of the elect, the children of God, who, by Grace through faith in Christ Jesus are born again, a new man, and will find themself living in obedience to the whole counsel of God and most certainly turning away from their former sins. Our time on earth is short. Wicked behavior is tempting in that it satisfies lusts of immediate gratification, thinking truly of ourselves, not of others. Man without the Holy Spirit wants to only satisfy himself and he will stand on his head to deny this and will be deceived by the allure of one wicked behavior or another and find it impossible to resist.
This all goes to show why it is far more cruel to not confront the sinner. To not say the truth, by saying nothing, is to lie to the poor sinner. When the sinner is confronted with the unchanging and eternal Word of God, they are confronted with their sin - which is the first step in coming to God. This must be done Scripturally to be effective - great harm can be done if it is not done Scripturally.
There is another alternative between "cutting off" and approval. It's a continuum.
As I see it, they're just not teachable on the subject because they have gay friends or gay family. Sigh.
Funny. As I see it, you're the one not teachable on this subject. You have a cartoonish, one-size-fits-all view of gay people, and are entirely closed to any contrasting data.
>>I don't think that the poster was inquiring about how to be hip in the 21st century. <<
Best post of the day, my FRiend!
stuartcr is one of the worst trolls on FR and I've come to the conclusion he's psychotic as well. He loves to come to threads involving morality and religion and p*** on everyone who has any repsect for morality or belief in God.
Silence in the face of evil is itself evil: God will not hold us guiltless. Not to speak is to speak. Not to act is to act.
Dietrich Bonhoeffer
The child isn't lost until he or she decides to be lost. We are to be an example, not judge and jury. The two women can repent despite their present behavior. Unceasing prayer is absolutely necessary for these souls.
Thank you, friend. It's so nice to see you! :)
He can have a bachelor uncle, but he will not have a gay uncle.
Except that he does have a gay uncle.
Your son will discover, long before you know it. He will begin to sense it in the way the uncle is treated differently from the other family members. Anyone thinking kids don't sense this kind of thing is kidding themselves.
For those that will post to support her ask them if they had a brother humping dogs would they call that a "lifestyle" and accept it as well?
Scripter has been one of the most valuable members of FR since the first day I signed up in 2002. He knows more about homosexuality than probably any other person on FR. He also is a wise, kind and faithful man. For you to slam him like that makes me want to puke.
Are you a homosexual or something? Is that why his knowledge of the truth offends you so much you have to insult him?
Why are you promoting homosexuality on FR?
Think of your own children first. This is IMO an insoluble
situation, if one is trying to maintain good relations
and personal contact with the family as a whole, assuming
they accept the other pair. This is not a *stable* situation.
Be prepared to be faced with demands to legitimate more
and more abnormality. It's insoluble especially as concerns
the other child.
me neither.
I know. Threads like these sure attract a lot of pro-faggot trolls.
It's about how it will affect her children. If her children see her accepting homosexual behavior and relationships as though they are normal and natural this will affect her children. It is a problem.
When he is old enough to figure it out on his own, he is old enough to figure it out on his own, however, I intend to raise him with traditional conservative values and exposing him to homosexual telationships at 3 years old will only serve to normalize it. FWIW, my neice and nephew are 11 and14 & still havent figured it out. He isnt a flamer and there really would be no way of knowing unless there is exposure. Heck, nobody in the family knew or suspected anything until he came out as "bi" last year.
After years of keeping my mouth shut so as not to upset anyone, I finally got to the point where I decided that although I love my brother, my children come first. And to be honest, I am furious with my brother for putting me in this position. As all gatherings were at my house, I finally had to tell him that if he could not get her to control her behavior she would be unwelcome in my home in the future.
He stopped bringing her, and everyone else in my family was hugely relieved because she made everyone uncomfortable but no one else wanted to be the bad guy.
Now, this last Thanksgiving was at my sister's house, and my brother brought his woman. She behaved as she always has. As I no longer have gatherings at my house, my choice will now be that my family will no longer attend family gatherings and will spend holidays with friends instead.
As a mother you have to do what is right for your children regardless of whether or not other people think you are doing the right thing.
It's amazing, and some of them are really nasty and aggressive and hateful.
Love the child and be decent to the parents, for that is who they will be to this baby. The pair probably knows you don't approve and you won't have any effect spouting your disapproval. Keep your relations with them to the group family events and keep your mouth shut, as youwould wish to be
Respected for your views and lifestyle by others.
Your concern about the child being used as a pawn to
crack open AUJenn's door is well founded. Not only
that, she can expect requests and well publicized
disapproval if she refuses to allow her children to visit
the other two women's household unaccompanied, or
to refuse their offers to babysit, etc. That's the way
it's going to be.
You're pregnant. You have the perfect excuse to avoid any conversation. Queasy. Anything that becomes uncomfortable, excuse yourself holding your tummy with your hand over your mouth.
Look, from someone with a lesbian nouveau sister, unless someone (hetero or homo) is sucking face or playing touchie at the table, you can put up with anything. Because this is one lousy day that you have to put up with it. Next year, there will be a new baby that needs your love and your own baby to help you avoid the unwanted conversations.
Excellent advice.
I entirely forgot that AUJenn is being asked to legitimate
depriving a child of its father. Thanks for the reminder.
This is however, a more serious situation than being
faced with a woman opting for "single parenthood"
A good number of them.
You might want to rethink that. Those that push or condone homosexuality on FR are zotted. Homosexuality is a liberal "value" and NOT conservative.
And perhaps you just haven't come across a behavior you're not willing to tolerate. Think about that.
Who is talking about alienating? Stop, read and think.
not seen many posters before on this kind of thread, mmmmmmm
Who said we have to love family anyway.
I have a brother and a sister, ones is a junkie, prossie and convict the other is a drug dealer, layabout, welfare king and certainly a bad father.
I will not let my kids near them and I can';t be bothered about them either.
As for these names on here I have not seen before , well it's surprising.
I always love scrolling down a thread and seeing your pearls of wisdom.
Merry Christmas, Dear Heart!
I know, a number of names that are not familiar. Later when I have a chance I'll check posting history.
I haven't forgotten what I was going to send you - will freepmail you this afternoon.
The real bummer is nobody can fix stupid.
Can't say I'm surprised.
Merry Christmas AUJenn. May you find blessings where you least expect them.
You won't, but thought I'd throw it out there so everybody can see it.
Obviously not as easy as Zen but it's working out pretty darn good.........thanks for asking homie!
Jesus did NOT condone sexual immorality. He told them "Go. And sin no more".
I know. Some freepers...
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build an online store connected to ebay business site
- Status Closed
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- Total Bids 49
Project Description
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The best of BBC World Service documentaries and other factual programmes.
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Episode 957 of 1419 episodes
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Sales database *Major project*
This project received 42 bids from talented freelancers with an average bid price of $4152 USD.Get free quotes for a project like this
Project BudgetN/A
Total Bids42
Project Description
i am the owner of a small insurance company, and am looking for a complete sales database to run the whole business. i have recently paid a local software company to create a Functional Specification, (This is included). the company suggested that an Ms Access database be used, but i beleive that an SQL system would scale better with the business.
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Album Maestro's from the Vaults
Label Anvil Media
Released August 27, 2012
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Cici Whytehead
Comments about Cici Whytehead
Are You? Did You?
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Getting Rid Of Bad Luck in Mississauga, Ontario
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Like all the band members, ringleader Tim Laursen was born on The Rock, as the locals call Martha's Vineyard. Laursen started recording his own albums about eight years ago. He drifted out to LA a while back and found out that using his younger sister Emily as a harmony vocalist made his songs sound better. He acquired an old 1/2" tape machine and after laying down some drum tracks he went back to The Island and invited his friends to help him flesh out some tunes. The gang included future Billionaires Sebastian Keefe, Joe Keefe and Farely Glavin, as well as singer/songwriter Willie Mason who provided backing vocals. The result was Song Bring Me Back credited to Crickets. Laursen jokes that that album went "wooden;" he still has 400 of them stacked up in his LA basement.
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The power of English - and the 'English of Power', as the language extends its influence from Court to Edinburgh.
Melvyn Bragg goes to Edinburgh and the house of John Knox, the great Scottish apostle of the Reformation, who preached in English. Latin was replaced by English as the language of the Church when Henry VIII broke with Rome. And the 1611 King James version of the Bible in English was read in churches and schools throughout the land.
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22:2 bloody city. This first of three oracles in ch. 22 revolves around repeated references to blood (vv. 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 13; cf. v. 27). The city is indicted for both moral and ritual crimes.
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Trade Protection and the Role of Campaign Contributions in U.S. Food and Tobacco Industries
This article examines the determinants of both trade protection and campaign contributions for a sample of U.S. food and tobacco industries. Empirical findings indicate that, while market structure variables are significant, campaign contributions are the key factor in explaining the interindustry levels of trade barriers in those industries studied. Thus, regardless of industry characteristics, campaign contributions have a strong persuasive role, rather than the facilitative role that most previous studies suggest. Copyright 1996 by Oxford University Press.
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Volume (Year): 34 (1996)
Issue (Month): 2 (April)
Pages: 237-248
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text:
Lack of Character
Personality and Moral Behavior
By (author) John M. Doris
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Lack of Character by John M. Doris
Book DescriptionThis book is a provocative contribution to contemporary ethical theory challenging foundational conceptions of character that date back to Aristotle. John Doris draws on behavioral science, especially social psychology, to argue that we misattribute the causes of behavior to personality traits and other fixed aspects of character rather than to the situational context. More often than not it is the situation not the nature of the personality that really counts. The author elaborates the philosophical consequences of this research for a whole array of ethical theories and shows that, once rid of the misleading conception of motivation, moral psychology can support more robust ethical theories and more humane ethical practices.
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Book DetailsISBN: 9780521631167
(228mm x 152mm x 21mm)
Pages: 286
Imprint: Cambridge University Press
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Publish Date: 15-Aug-2002
Country of Publication: United Kingdom
Other Editions...
Books By Author John M. Doris
Talking to Our Selves, Hardback (March 2015)
Do we know what we're doing, and why? Psychological research seems to suggest not: reflection and self-awareness are surprisingly uncommon and inaccurate. John M. Doris presents a new account of agency and responsibility, which reconciles our understanding of ourselves as moral agents with empirical work on the unconscious mind.
Moral Psychology Handbook, Paperback (June 2012)
The Moral Psychology Handbook offers a comprehensive discussion of how the human mind influences, and is influenced by, human morality. Each chapter is a collaborative effort, covering major issues in moral psychology, written by leading researchers in both philosophy and psychology.
Serial Killers - Philosophy for Everyone, Paperback (September 2010)
Serial Killers - Philosophy for Everyone investigates our profound intrigue with mass-murderers. Exploring existential, ethical and political questions through an examination of real and fictional serial killers, philosophy comes alive via an exploration of grisly death.
Lack of Character, Paperback (March 2005)» View all books by John M. Doris
This is a provocative contribution to contemporary ethical theory challenging foundational conceptions of character.
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Author Biography - John M. Doris
John Doris is Assistant Professor of Philosophy, University of California, Santa Cruz.
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text:
Why is it Important to Keep the Air Conditioning System Clean
Before discussing various kinds of heating filters, air cooling in Florida, and which ones will work best for you, you ought to first learn how it is significant to take a great care of your heating filters and air conditioning maintenance. Air flow is especially significant to the effectiveness of your respective HVAC system and filters have a key role from the appropriate ac maintenance. Whether it's your heating system or ac system, both of them require appropriate amount of planned air-flow through the whole system. When filters are dirty, they limit the flow, that causes higher energy and air-con repair expenses for your requirements.
There are various categories, ratings, and definitions for HVAC systems. Top rated air conditioner will do its best to show you what a high-end air conditioning equipment is like and will aid you in getting the better understanding of the ratings and categories to be able to choose the best unit. In the beginning, ac filters are rated by MERV - Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value. It had been designed to test the efficiency of filters in systems of air-con in Florida and through the entire country. The greater MERV figures are, the greater is the air conditioning filters' effectiveness to bar some compounds and particles. You can find three different categories for ac maintenance hvac filters, which are: mechanical hvac filters, electronic air cleaners, and gas phase absorption.
Mechanical filter can be a usual expendable off-the-shelf ac maintenance filter. It gathers particles in their filtering agent. If it is completely stuffed with the particles, you will need to simply remove it and dispose of, replacing with one more. You should note that certain mechanical filter mediums might be washed. This category includes HEPA - high-efficiency particulate air - filters. You will find 3 subcategories in mechanical furnace filters:
Electronic air cleaners don't be eligible for a MERV rating, since its effectiveness may change in reliance upon its cleanness. It's significant to completely clean air cleaners two times a year, and more often in dusty surroundings, for better functioning. They also are more effective when they're used with a mechanical filtering agent.
Gas phase absorption deploys carbon to imbibe gases and smells from your air flow. This agent is not very effective for elimination of particles and is deployed mainly in industrial and laboratory premises.
It's essential to comprehend that the better the mechanical filter reaches the air filtering, the quicker it's going to get polluted. This might affect your air conditioning maintenance and its functioning. Lest you live in clean environment without dust, don't believe the filter can last longer than 3 months regardless of what its manufacturers claim. Also, it's vital to have the appropriate fit for that filter, without air leaks with the frames that hold it.
Since you have better understanding of filters and their function, you will need to schedule your ac maintenance services. It's advised to check your air conditioning in Florida at least once a month. If the filter is way too loaded on a thirtieth day, you should narrow the time to 3 weeks. Some contemporary ac Florida systems have a very filter reminder kind of thing, which will indicate the volume of days or work-time from the air conditioner. They help to keep in mind the change or check of filters on everyday.
In the end, keep in mind that filters are essential not just to keep the dust out of your air you breathe in your home, but as well to secure mid-air conditioner maintenance. Just in case you there's no filter in your system, or there's a full filter, your ac maintenance needs to be taken care of, if you don't need it to get broken.


text:
As soon as snow is falling down
As soon as Autumn starts to frown
You'll hear the music start to play
Let us prepare for Christmas Day
You'll hear all jingles where you go
The radio will talk of snow
You'll hear the wind begin to sigh
And know of Christmas coming by
The green and red are all around
And Christmas jingles singing sound
You see the countdown day by day
Yes, know of Christmas on the way
The caroling and giving time
The season of the heartfelt rhyme
The Christmas story loud and clear
We hear of Jesus every year
© Copyright 2017 lehi girl72509. All rights reserved.
Status: Finished
Genre: Poetry
... Great poem. I like it and you get my vote.
Great job Lisa. I like it. I think it represents the spirit of Christmas quite well.
very beautiful, so heartfelt!! I have a Christmas poem, I love Christmas Snowflakes! If you get a chance, stop by to see my new romance one, Finding Out, Surprisingly. Thanks, great poem here, a special keepsake!!!
Book / Romance
Poem / Romance
Poem / Romance
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the villages of Turkana are among the most striking I have ever seen. they largely consist of large family groups (or many families) huddled together for protection from rival tribes and the huts are made from sisal and grass. they are beautiful, classic and typically african.
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text:
Jual Obat Pembesar KLG
Vimax Asli Canada
Vimax Asli Canada
Shape of You (Stormzy Remix) - Ed Sheeran
Something Just Like This - The Chainsmokers & Coldplay
Chained To the Rhythm (feat. Skip Marley) - Katy Perry
Shape of You - Ed Sheeran
Human - Rag'n'Bone Man
Castle on the Hill - Ed Sheeran
It Ain't Me - Kygo & Selena Gomez
How Would You Feel (Paean) - Ed Sheeran
Be the One - Dua Lipa
Ciao Adios - Anne-Marie
You Don't Know Me (feat. RAYE) - Jax Jones
Play That Song - Train
Skin - Rag'n'Bone Man
Slide (feat. Frank Ocean & Migos) - Calvin Harris
Big For Your Boots - Stormzy
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Mazhavil Manorama
Watch free Mazhavil Manorama TV Online from India only at widih.com. Widih.com is a free entertainment website.
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Get certified - Transform your world of work today
Location: Basking Ridge, New Jersey
NYC Scrum User Group
Anthony Rodriguez:
Results-driven project and program management professional with first-rate skills in directing full project cycles for complex international programs and initiatives. Proven ability to deliver on revenue targets, productivity and quality improvements through well-managed and on-time projects. Particularly strong on planning, execution, monitoring and resource balancing skills with the ability to support multiple simultaneous projects in a matrix organizational structure.
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Strategic and responsible decision maker – focused on strategic vision while tactically trading-off and managing risk.
Excellent balance of technical leadership, interpersonal, and software development skills.
Strong analysis, design, object/data modeling, and project management (agile & traditional) skills.
Excellent hiring, coaching, and people development skills; managing on-site and offshore development teams.
Organic leadership style - leads by example and fosters open communication and a collaborative environment.
Strong verbal and written communication skills – adept at translating issues between technical and non-technical stakeholders.
United Health Care, Sr. Scrum MasterSeptember 2013 - Present, Basking Ridge, NJ, United States
Sr. Scrum Master working on the health management project portfolio.
Silver Search @ Verisk Analytics, Contractor - Sr. Scrum MasterMay 2013 - September 2013, Jersey City, NJ, United States
Scrum Master / Project Management Consultant working Commercial Property initiatives
Silver Search @ New York Stock Exchange, Consultant - Scrum MasterAugust 2012 - April 2013, New York, NY, United States
Management Consultant serving as a Scrum Master for the Global Web Organization project portfolio.
Projects completed:
Globalderivatives.nyx.com rebranding launch
NYSE logo for non rebranded sites.
Indices.nyx.com Site rebranding launch
Liffe Markets site launch
POR R1 and R2 launches
Exchanges.nyx.com enhancements site launch
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Markets.nyx.com rebranding launch
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Market Status Trader Updates - free email and rich site summary subscription service that provides real time alerts and notices regarding any interuption of service to the NYSE Euronext market.information.
Ring the Bell .com
Ecommerce site enhancements
Western Union, Sr. Mgr / Scrum Master - Global Service DeliveryAugust 2011 - August 2012, Montvale, NJ, United States
Sr. Project Manager / Scrum Master responsible for the program management of E-commerce consumer facing money transfer and payment applications.
Silver Search @ Verisk Analytics, Contractor - Sr. Scrum MasterJuly 2011 - August 2011, Jersey City, NJ, United States
Consultant - Project Manager for a SalesLogix to Salesforce conversion project across multiple organizations.
Western Union, Project Manager / Scrum Master - ApplicationsSeptember 2008 - July 2011, Montvale, NJ, United States
Project Manager / Scrum Master for the Design and Implementation of multiple money transfer projects. Specializing in Web applications for the global consumer base. End User Services, Customer Management, Service Development and Service Delivery. Responsible for managing the implementation of the Agile project methodology in a matrix defined environment.
Responsible for piloting, defining and implementing Agile across the IT organization / groups.
Rewarded and Recognized as the Technology Associate -CIO Award in 2010 for the Agile methodology pilot and implementation program.
Recipient of the Western Union Accelerator Quarterly Reward in 2008 and in 2010.


text:
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Mad Max/Road Warriors.....
"It would be awesome if you could duel your companion. Then you could solo pvp".--Thanes
Shadowrun or Firefly.
Originally posted by Naral
Shadowrun or Firefly.
Firefly fo sure
Civilized men are more discourteous than savages because they know they can
be impolite without having their skulls split, as a general thing.
-Robert E. Howard
Originally posted by Brachus
Originally posted by Naral
Shadowrun or Firefly.
Shadowrun is also a good one. And also an IP that was, at least at one time, in the hands of some serious fools.
I am convinced there is only one way to eliminate these grave evils, namely through the establishment of a socialist economy, accompanied by an educational system which would be oriented toward social goals.
~Albert Einstein
Post apoc (fallout)
cyberpunk (deus ex, system shock)
sci-fi (mass effect)
wild west (red dead redemtion)
Hype train -> Reality
I also think a game of thrones, dark gritty sandbox, almost no fantasy would be awesome. Constant massive global battles,.
A full, AAA Discworld MMO, but only if Terry Pratchett writes most of the quest dialogue.
I am convinced there is only one way to eliminate these grave evils, namely through the establishment of a socialist economy, accompanied by an educational system which would be oriented toward social goals.
~Albert Einstein
Firefly would be amazing, but the universe is a bit limited...
A cyberpunk mmo would also be very very cool
Cluck Cluck, Gibber Gibber, My Old Mans A Mushroom
Iron Kingdoms http://privateerpress.com/iron-kingdoms
Understated Fantasy MMO would be perfect. Picture some Studio Ghibli style scenery and depth of detail would be amazing. Huge forests and landscape you could properlly explore rather than just a path.
Idealy there would be more emphasis on non-combat gameplay. Say I wanted to be some kind of medicine man I could pursue quests to treat certain people and gain more knowledge/skills that way. But also if I wanted combat abilities I could have them as well, and not just defined to classes so I'm not cooped into magic or range or melee.
So basically
-largely natural setting fantasy with modest steampunk or arcane/tribal technology (Asura or Laputa kind)
-quirkily done races without the usual cliches. Race descriptions really mirk me - elves who shun the world is so overused. I'm not keen on furries but clips from Ninokuni make it seem alright!
-Open classes/skills. But keep magic as modest as possible. More emphasise on supplementary skills that can be used out of combat.
-Foes would be spirits (fuelled by bad experience/fatigue of being in limbo) that manifest physically into beasts (Monoke type or stylized oni demons would be beautiful) . Killing would free some spirits but perhaps to add extra dimension you could trap them and do tasks for them to free their spirits instead.
Originally posted by ninjinkai506
Iron Kingdoms http://privateerpress.com/iron-kingdoms
Yeah, that would rock too. Love the tabletop, and with the factions it would be great, especially right (ie not like Warhammer OL).
Or a good space MMO that incorporates both space flight battling (Smuggling, etc like in EVE), as well as the ability to visit planets that had cities and explorable content outside of your ship.
Even content on space stations (FPS quests, player hangouts like bars, etc.)
Game of Thrones!
(\ /) ?
( . .)
Dungeons and Dragons: Dragon Lance Saga. Would be Awesome.
Originally posted by Brachus
Originally posted by Naral
Shadowrun or Firefly.
Ditto....Ive seen similar Threads like this too,and A LOT of people drop Shadowrun or Firefly..both excellent choices for an mmo.
Pencil&Paper/Table Top games that have been made into(or soon to be) MMOs/videogames so far: D&D,40k, and Warhammer Fantasy. THQ I know also has the rights to necromunda,mordhiem,and a few other IP rights from GWS...opps sorry a little off subject...so ya Shadownrun Mostly for me :^)
Ringworld. No question in my mind it would make a fantastic MMO, in the right hands.
Kzin and Protectors, Vampires (that definitely don't sparkle) and Puppeteers, Machine People and Grass Giants...and 6x10^14 square miles of map to explore.
Self-pity imprisons us in the walls of our own self-absorption. The whole world shrinks down to the size of our problem, and the more we dwell on it, the smaller we are and the larger the problem seems to grow.
Pulp Sci Fi ala Doc Savage or Sky Captain
This has been brought up many times over the years and I still stick with a good space exploration mmo. Wing Commander + Privateer or an X series mmo.
For those of you that brought up Firefly, you all do know there is one in the works? http://fireflyuniverseonline.com/
We can only hope it does not get cancelled.
How about an MMO based on the tv show "Sliders"? You could slide from one dimension to the next and it would allow for any and all possibilities for gameplay. Anything from dinosaurs to magic to a world where Germany won the war would be possible content. The sky would be the limit.
i'd preffer more Steampunk and Industrial Revolution based MMOs.......not just adding steampunk details to magic shit, i mean full steampunk mmos, not shit like Neosteam or ARGO, or Allods.
Blade Runner -better trailer than the 1st I posted.
- recut trail"More Human than Human" is our motto.


text:
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (rv:22.214.171.124) Gecko/20071022 GNU/Linux Firefox/184.108.40.206
Build Identifier: Version 126.96.36.199 (20071022)
With a recent thread on ML i came again across a problem with Thunderbird
that i had myself 1 or 2 years ago.
Thunderbird uses mailbox files to store mails and an aditionally *.msf file
for meta data of that mbox-file.
Now when you delete a mail in TB it only disappears in the mail pane but is
still physically stored on harddisc in the mbox.
To really delete a mail then s.o. has to "compact" that folder.
New users (or those not interrested in technic) wont notice that and then the
profile folder can become very large.
In the specific thread the OP had mails back from 2005 still in his profile
which had grown up to 2 gig.
2 gig is approximately where we come to filesystem limitations (max size per
Now to prevent that i call for commend on change the default of:
pref("mail.prompt_purge_threshhold", false);
pref("mail.prompt_purge_threshhold", true);
that way a user gets a dialog when the threshold (default is 100kB iirc) is
reached and gets asked to "compact" (read as really physically delete all
previous in TB deleted mails) that folder.
I have searched bugzilla.mozilla.org for bugs like that and coulnd´t find
one. Also on launchpad is no similar bug report it seems.
So i would like to know is it feasible to solve that somehow?
Reproducible: Always
Steps to Reproduce:
1. send lots of mails
2. delete them in Thunderbird
3. check size of profile directory
Actual Results:
with default settings the profile is growing and growing, even when a user delets his mails in Thunderbird.
Expected Results:
pref("mail.prompt_purge_threshhold", true);
delete mails physicaly after the default threshold (performance)
i reported this bug also in Ubuntu, since that's the distri i use.
that bug has some information important to here:
this quote is from:
Basically tb version of bug 205756, also see bug 286888.
Confirming rather than duping to bug 205756 since that's morphed into the Seamonkey version.
Tagging "privacy" because we regularly hear from users horrified to find their "deleted" private mails are still sitting on their disk (often found after having them imported into another progam).
Tagging "dataloss" because of the max file-size and/or quota issues raised in comment 0.
Found an earlier version
*** This bug has been marked as a duplicate of bug 341206 ***


text:
Valerie Pimenta has been promoted to senior vice president/controller at Pawtucket Credit Union. Pimenta holds a B.S in mathematics and a B.A. in French studies from Brown University. She currently serves as trustee/audit committee chairman for the Boys & Girls Club of Pawtucket. •
4 days ago
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