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Liqueur - Herb
The Bitter Truth E**X**R Kräuter Liqueur
From: Germany Liquor Review Category: Herb Liqueur
Bottle/Rating Data
Proof66 Rating : 477 / 763Rabble Rating : UnratedProducer: The Bitter TruthWebsite: http://the-bitter-truth.com/ABV: 30.0% Proof: 60.0Price (USD) : $34Age: N/A
Rating DescriptionTier 1
This is a Tier 1 score in the Liqueur category. It means the spirit has won the highest recommendation at least once and probably many times.
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San Francisco World Spirits Competition
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Beverage Testing Institute
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Wine Enthusiast
- 2012
- 2016
Proof66 Notes
The Bitter Truth EXR liqueur is in the "bitters" category of liqueurs, though they themselves describe it as "firmly rooted in the traditions of both classic sweet vermouths and alpine digestive tonics." They say it is "velvety smooth... aromatic, and herbaceous" and recommend for Manhattan or Negroni cocktails.
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Jennifer Connelly and Don Johnson are included on this list along with many more.
If you want to answer the questions, "Who starred in the movie The Hot Spot?" and "What is the full cast list of The Hot Spot?" then this page has got you covered.
This cast list of who was in The Hot Spot includes both lead and minor roles. (20 items)
- 1
Jennifer Connelly A Beautiful Mind, Requiem for a Dream, Labyrinth
- 2
William Sadler The Shawshank Redemption, Iron Man 3, The Green Mile
- 3
Virginia Madsen Sideways, Candyman, Dune
- 4
Don Johnson Django Unchained, Machete, Tin Cup
- 5
Barry Corbin No Country for Old Men, WarGames, The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas
- 6
Leon Rippy The Patriot, The Color Purple, Stargate
- 7
Charles Martin Smith American Graffiti, The Untouchables, Deep Impact
- 8
Jerry Hardin Big Trouble in Little China, The Firm, Reds
- 9
Jack Nance Blue Velvet, Eraserhead, Dune
- 10
Virgil Frye The Missouri Breaks, Graduation Day, Revenge of the Ninja
- 11
Anthony Cox Voyager, The Seven Deadly Sins: Gluttony, The Florida Erection
- 12
Brett Wilde The Seven Deadly Sins: Envy, Bi American, The Other Side of Aspen V
- 13
Gina Hiraizumi Soap Girl, Day of Independence, Scream Queen
- 14
Chonique Sneed The Hot Chick, Good Burger, The Hot Spot
- 15
Karla Andrade Dance Flick, The Hot Spot
- 16
Miguel Coleman The Hot Spot
- 17
Madd Marv The Hot Spot, My Stomach Hurt: Part 1
- 18
Troy Irving The Hot Spot
- 19
Derrick Tate The Hot Spot
- 20
Jayme Vanegas The Hot Spot

subset: commoncrawl


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China's Premier, Li Peng, has cancelled a five-nation trip scheduled to begin this week because he has pneumonia, Reuter reports from Peking.
Mr Li was originally scheduled to travel to Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Mongolia from April 28 to May 9.
- More about:
- Beijing
- Central Asia
- China
- Uzbekistan


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Palacio Arias
No prices found through our partners. Please contact the business directly or check some of our recommended alternatives.
- Room service
- Free parking
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- Free parking
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TripAdvisor Reviews Palacio Arias Navia
Travel Blogs from Navia
Day 6 - Wet but cheerful
... pain. The father instinct kicks in and I am determined to find her some walking boots. In the meantime I try and cheer her up by saying she's doing the pilgrim thing properly- mortification of the flesh (Juliet will explain) but it doesn't seem to have the desired effect. Odd. Then we see a small sign and knock on a front door. A lady opens it, welcomes us in out of the rain, drys us off and gets us coffee and cake...paradise for ...
Day 5 - Matt struggles...
... or witness burning bushes. I'm thinking blimming heck, forget sacrificing your son, getting up the bloody mountain every time you wanted to talk to God was HARD work. Nick, rest assured, I'm not taking you up any mountain - we'll do it online. I'm not complaining, you understand, (I was then though!) but important we all appreciate the lows, better to appreciate the highs! I can feel another D&M theme coming on.... The scenery was staggering but I confess ...
Day 4 - Matthew solves everything
... were fine, even the Australians. Interestingly Alex, the man who set it up fell in love with one of the visiting pilgrims and did a runner. David (a former electrical engineer for Unilever!) maintains the tradition - not sure whether this includes checking out the pilgrims? Walked to a tiny church where 1€ bought a huge candle which I lit, with a prayer, for the four grandparents in our lives. Suspect it will still be burning when I'm a grandparent. Upstairs it ...
Day 3 - I discover a new Olympic sport
... are really professional pilgrims. Thinking about this today I decided that forget chess, the olympics needs a new sport - Competitive Pilgriming! Events will include packing a black backpack correctly in the dark, cooking an amazing meal in under 5 mins and, of course, beating fellow pilgrims to the next stop - with bonus points awarded for using up all the hot water before anyone else is awake. But now for the other characters. Angelique is mid 50s mother of 4, ...
Day 2....I find the pilgrims!
... teabag....bother it was lemon tea. So whipped it out and used teabag number 2 (you may detect the increasing panic in my blog as I get to teabag 8, my final one). Into town for a strange supper purchase (see pic). Was going to eat with them but they seem to be eating now (6pm). I'd better get on or I'll find they've turned all the lights out and gone to bed. Think of me tomorrow but apparently the albergue I'll be staying in is the best on the trip. Much love to ...


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Guest Review Highlights
- Service is adequate
- Service is relatively friendly
Wego searches multiple travel sites so you can find and compare the best rates.
Based on 10 reviews from across the web.
Check-in: noon
Check-out: noon
Located in City Center / Nguyen Thien Thuat, Thanh Duy Hotel Nha Trang is a perfect starting point from which to explore Nha Trang. Featuring a complete list of amenities, guests will find their stay at the property a comfortable one. Take advantage of the hotel's Wi-Fi in public areas, concierge, 24-hour front desk, car hire, currency exchange. Guestrooms are designed to provide an optimal level of comfort with welcoming decor and convenient amenities like shower, satellite/cable TV, refrigerator, television, air conditioning. Recuperate from a full day of sightseeing in the comfort of your room or take advantage of the hotel's recreational facilities, including games room, hot tub. Thanh Duy Hotel Nha Trang is an excellent choice from which to explore Nha Trang or to simply relax and rejuvenate.


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Dear Barb:
Thanks for the information. I have been a member of I.G. S. for, I think, about
25 years. It is a very useful organization, and I urge anyone who is not a
member to join. There is a good seed exchange and a quarterly magazine with
articles for everyone interested in different aspects of Geraniaceae.
Robin Parer
Geraniaceae Nursery
firstname.lastname@example.com wrote:
> Dear R.P. there is a helpful web site to go to, It is the IGS web site. There
> are culture tips that can be printed up. Also, if you join the IGS, you will
> receive 4 publications per year full of growing information. The web site is a
> long one:http://www.geocities.com/rainforest/2822/index.html Hope this
> helps. From southern California, Barb Hall.


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Expert Visual Javascript developer with Sencha Touch
This project received 11 bids from talented freelancers with an average bid price of $1364 USD.Get free quotes for a project like this
Project Budget$750 - $1500 USD
Total Bids11
Project Description
We want to create a web application accessible from both desktop and mobile devices. We would like the web app to look like a native mobile application, especially when it is accessed from a mobile device.
We are currently looking for developers to join our team as freelance. That's why we propose this challenge. The challenge focuses on a specific tool. However, the idea is to use this challenge to evaluate candidates. The full description is attached (only 2 pages).
We are developers and we need to understand the code for maintenance purpose. Therefore, it is important to code clean.
There are more task in our project that require the same expertise. If we like your work, we will request you for more jobs.
Skills Required
Looking to make some money?
- Set your budget and the timeframe
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- Forbes
- The New York Times
- Time
- Wall Street Journal
- Times Online


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Phone and Case Compatibility
Please review the following information to determine if your mobile device is compatible with the Seek Compact line of thermal cameras. You can find more specific details and explanations in our Help Center.
Smartphone Case Compatibility:
Some thicker smartphone cases (especially ruggedized ones) do not provide enough clearance around the connection port. To use the camera you must either remove the case, or attach the camera using an extender/adapter.
Operating System Compatibility:
The Android and iOS Seek Thermal apps require a minimum of Android 4.3 and iOS 8.0, respectively. The apps will not download if your smartphone does not satisfy the minimum requirement.
Android™ Compatibility
- Google Nexus 5 (requires adapter)
- Google Nexus 5x (requires USB C adapter)
- Google Nexus 6 (requires adapter)
- Nexus 6p (requires USB C adapter)
- HTC Desire 820 (requires adapter)
- HTC Desire EYE (requires adapter)
- HTC One Mini 2 (requires adapter)
- HTC One A9 (requires adapter)
- HTC One M8 (requires adapter)
- HTC One M9 (requires adapter)
- Motorola Moto X
- Motorola Moto G
- Samsung Galaxy S3
- Samsung Galaxy S4
- Samsung Galaxy S5 (except some running 5.1.1)
- Samsung Galaxy S6
- Samsung Galaxy S6 Edge
- Samsung Galaxy Note 2
- Samsung Galaxy Note 3
- Samsung Galaxy Note 4
- Samsung Galaxy Note Edge
- iPhone 7 Plus
- iPhone 7
- iPhone SE
- iPhone 6s Plus
- iPhone 6s
- iPhone 6 Plus
- iPhone 6
- iPhone 5s
- iPhone 5c
- iPhone 5
- iPod Touch 5th Generation
NOT TESTED but may work:
- Many other HTC devices
- Many LG devices
- Many Sony Xperia models
- Some Samsung Galaxy Tab models
work with but not optimized for
- iPad Mini (all versions)
- iPad Air
- iPad 4th Generation
- Amazon Fire Phone & Tablet
- Google Nexus 4
- Google Nexus 7 (2012)
- HTC Desire 620
- HTC Desire 626
- HTC Nexus 9
- Nexus 9
- Samsung Galaxy 2 (old)
- Samsung Galaxy Mega
- Samsung Galaxy Note (original)
- Samsung Google Nexus S
- Samsung Nexus S
- Samsung Galaxy S3 NEO
- Samsung S4 mini
- Samsung S5 mini
- iPhone 4s or lower
- iPad 3 or lower
- iPod Touch 4 or lower
NOTE: Android devices sometimes orient the microUSB connecter in different directions or locations. For correct usage the USB port should be located on the bottom, with the widest portion of the port aligned with the back of your smartphone. Many LG and HTC devices orient the connecter in the opposite direction, and many devices from Sony and Motorola often position the port on the side. In these cases it is recommended to use a microUSB cable or adapter to allow proper aiming and positioning of the camera. Testing has confirmed compatibility for with the following adapters.


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This beautiful dress exceeded all expectations.
Full lined and just magnificent!! I absolutely love it.
Thank you so very much.
Very comfortable dress, well made. Short in length for me just above the knee. Dont want my knees to show that much, but....
The color is fantastic royal blue, so I hope to enjoy.
The dress was exactly as represented in the photo. The chiffon material is of high quality, as is the lining and the beading is beautiful. I don't know what to say the dress is perfect . I couldn't be more pleased and now I can't wait till my daughters wedding day.
Reciba actualizaciones, descuentos y ofertas especiales, y gane premios espectaculares.
Descubrir más>>


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Catalogue Number: 2M8-8D8J
- Author: Ray Hemachandra,Jim Romberg
- Format:Paperback
- Publisher:Lark Books,U.S.
- Published:31 March 2011
Sorry, there are currently no sellers for this product.
Product description
- Total Pages: 420
- Genre: Pottery, ceramics & glass crafts
- Illustrations: full colour throughout, includes photographs
Raku is an ancient ceramics technique enjoying a modern-day renaissance. This groundbreaking new entry in the highly successful 500 series demonstrates the vitality and invention of today's raku ceramics. Objects including cups, plates, bowls, vases and statuary contribute to this international gallery of work juried by Jim Romberg, one of the leading practitioners and teachers of raku in the world.
Author's Biography
Jim Romberg recently retired, after 18 years, as Professor of Art at Southern Oregon University. He is Artistic Director of the Eagleheart Center for Arts and Inquiry in New Mexico.


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Affair with a House: Creating a Comfortable Country Homeby Bunny Williams
For 28 years the world-renowned interior designer Bunny Williams has been involved in a passionate love affair with an18th-century New England manor house that she found in sad repair. From the moment she walked up the driveway and her palms began to perspire, Williams knew she wanted the affair to last forever. In her sumptuous new book, An Affair with a House, the venerable decorator describes in detail how she and her husband, antiques dealer John Rosselli, rescued, nurtured, renovated, and decorated the well-worn house, giving it new life as they restored each room, resurrected the abandoned gardens, and filled this weekend home with family and friends.
Through photographs, anecdotes, how-tos, and recipes, Williams provides a rare inside look at a top decorator's retreat and explains how she approached the joys, pleasures, challenges, obstacles, and day-to-day realities of creating a beautiful, comfortable country home. An Affair with a House provides a wealth of advice on interior decor and such topics as mixing design styles, but it also addresses such practical matters as stocking the pantry and outfitting the linen closet. Beautiful photographs of the house, the gardens, and the property's rustic structures provide an intimate glimpse of the couple's lifestyle and illustrate a way of life we can all appreciate and learn from.
Product Details
- 9781584794707
- Publisher:
- Publication date:
- 01/09/2006
- Pages:
- 240
- Sales rank:
- 104,128
- Product dimensions:
- 11.00(w) x 11.00(h) x 1.12(d)
- Age Range:
- 13 - 18 Years
Customer Reviews
Average Review:
Most Helpful Customer Reviews
See all customer reviews
I've come to be a big fan of Bunny Williams'. Although she's worked with countless A-list people & has 3 incredible homes herself, it's evident in her books that she is still very approachable & has a "down to earth" aesthetic. This book is a fantastic source of inspiration, whether you're just looking for ideas on how to decorate that odd-ball corner table to whole-house, money-no-object reno's. The photography is fantastic and her text is easy to read and "get" (she doesn't 'talk over you' like many interior design authors of her caliber tend to do in their books). This is a WONDERFUL book to add to or begin your collection, regardless of whether you're looking for ideas for your first "what can I do for $25" apartment or a large estate. I ALSO HIGHLY RECOMMEND HER OTHER BOOK, "Point of View"--it's phenomenal!! Grab a glass of wine, turn on your favorite music & relax - you can easily spend hours perusing this wonderful book. It's well worth the price.
A design client loaned me this book, and I HAD to get a copy for my own library. It's very well organized. If you don't feel like reading all the text in order, you can open to any page and lose yourself in the gorgeous photos - even if just for a few minutes. What makes this book so special is that it shows truly personal and lived-in spaces, which have been created over time. You can see that it (constructing the book as well as the buildings and gardens) was a labor of love, and I thank Ms. Williams for the inspiration!
Beautiful pics and inspiring text...
Book was damaged with shipping
I ordered this book to give as a gift. It arrived with a ripped dust cover. I ordered a replacement book and it too arrived with a ripped dust cover. Barnes & Noble customer service was poor throughout the entire experience. Now I will be ordering it through Amazon.
Loved it so much I've given it as gifts to my favorite people!
This book is fabulous. After spending five years restoring my 1760 home and estate, I found relief that Bunny Williams has been working on hers for 28 years! It gives me hope, and I don't feel so bad that it's taken me so long to complete this project because I sometimes think that it'll never end! Affair (and that is such an apropos word for it) also has some really good ideas.


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Of all the Trump children, the one most people know the least about is Tiffany, Donald Trump's daughter with his second wife, Marla Maples. For some, her speech at the Republican National Convention this week may have been the first time they had heard her speak.
Oprah's audience first got to know Tiffany in 2011, however, when she recorded an interview for The Oprah Winfrey Show. Here, at age 17, she introduces herself and opens up about her famous family.


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Saturday's prep highlights: Danville tennis takes Big 12 title
– BETHANY SEXTON (No. 4), NEHA PATEL (No. 5) and COURTNEY HART (No. 6) won singles titles to help Danville win the Big 12 title on the Illinois campus. AMY SHAH was second at No. 3, RACHAEL LEWIS third at No. 2 and EMMA PECK fourth at No. 1 for the Vikings, whose three doubles teams also placed in the top three Friday.
"Our depth has been our strength all year," Danville coach SCOTT SIMPSON said. "It was a total team effort."
And a total team celebration. The Vikings, who last won the Big 12 in 1998, went to dinner in Champaign and upon returning to Danville received a police escort into town.
"It was nice to win something as a team," Danville assistant coach CATHY SIMPSON said. "Every match made a difference."
Danville was second at No. 1 and No. 3 doubles.
ALLISON HANSEN won at No. 1 singles for second-place Centennial.
"Allison is just an exceptional player," Centennial coach PAT KEARNEY said. "She has an outstanding work ethic and the skill set to match."
Hansen teamed with MARIA MEARS to win at No. 1 doubles. Mears was second at No. 2 singles, MICHAELA KEARNEY was second at No. 4 singles and WENDY PAN was second at No. 6 singles for the Chargers.
Fourth-place Champaign Central got a win from SAMANTHA EMERY.
– MADELIENE BAILLON and JIWON YOON won in singles and teamed for a win in doubles in host St. Thomas More's 6-3 loss to Teutopolis.
– LAUREN CLOYD and MORGAN LEACH made the all-tournament team as Centennial won the Wilmington tournament with a 5-0 record. The Chargers didn't lose a set along the way, beating Bradley-Bourbonnais 25-15, 25-19 in the championship match.
– EMMA CABUTTI had 15 kills and BAYLEE O'DONNELL added 10 as Mahomet-Seymour went 1-2 at the Chatham Glenwood tournament. LOGAN MOORE and KRISTEN BELYEA each had 24 assists, MOLLY COCKERHAM had 17 digs and ELISE DAHLKE, ALYSSA DROLLINGER and MAKENZIE HARTMAN added three blocks apiece.
– JESSICA ALLHANDS and DOMINIQUE SZOLDATITS each had six kills as Watseka beat Georgetown-Ridge Farm 25-11, 25-10. KAITY JOHNSON had 16 assists and three aces for the Warriors, who got 14 service points from ALLISON KAPER.
– BETH WESTON had eight kills and JENNA ZOLLAR had 13 assists to lead Hoopeston Area past Iroquois West 25-15, 25-15. HALEY PENCE had seven kills and two blocks in the loss.
– HANNAH WRIGHT (19 minutes, 43 seconds) and JAKEENYA EVANS (20:06) led Champaign Central at the Runnin' Red Invite at Metamora. JULIA SMITH and NEDA SROKA also broke 22 minutes.
– BEN FLODSTROM scored three goals – raising his season total to 17 – as Centennial beat Mattoon 5-0 in Big 12 action. ANDY DRACKLEY made five saves for another shutout and helped his cause with an assist on Flodstrom's final goal. JOHN MUWANA and YUTA NAKAMURA also scored for the Chargers (7-10-2, 3-3-1).
– CLAYTON COTTLE scored twice and STEPHEN MIELKE had six saves as Danville beat Hoopeston Area 4-0 in nonconference action. MAC LEVERENZ and DENNIS FORREST also scored for the Vikings (12-4-2), who host Champaign Central in a Senior Night match at 6 p.m. Monday.
DILLON EIGHNER had nine saves for Hoopeston Area (13-6-1).
– Big 12 champion Urbana was shut out at Springfield 2-0.
– EMMA NEWMAN won the 100-yard freestyle and 200 individual medley, and SARA FUNDATOR won the 100 butterfly and 100 breaststroke as Champaign Central finished second at the Central Invite at Unit 4 Pool. HANNAH NEWMAN was first in the 50 free and second in the 500 free for the Maroons, who won the 200 free relay. MORGAN DAVIS was second in the 50 free.
MILLIE NELSON won the 200 free for fifth-place Urbana Uni High.
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Posted by Jeff Brown on 8th Mar 2016
I bought this for my son's birthday present. He is very much into robots and mechanical engineering. It was a challenge for him but he easily got the hang of the building style. He learned some valuable trouble shooting skills and was quite pleased figuring out the components. His robotics club loved it and was excited to see it in action! We enjoyed building him and look forward to our next challenge. Playing with "Darwin" is a great time as he is very capable of many things. Can't wait to see what he can do next!
Posted by heirlab on 27th May 2015
We purchased the Darwin Mini and one of our students had it assembled in a day. It has great motion and locomotion capabilities and fun to control with an Android app.
Posted by marcelo an on 11th May 2015
very fast and very powerfull
Posted by sixscrews on 13th Jan 2015
I purchased a Darwin-mini a couple of months ago but did not start assembly until about a month ago. The assembly manual is excellent, containing drawings of each step and indications of the initial servo settings. Assembly requires a good degree of dexterity and attention to detail - I missed one of the initial servo settings and could not get my unit to work - I thought it was a bad servo and purchased a couple of spares from Robotis as well as a spare controller. This was a big help as it allowed me to understand the servo's operating scheme and fault indication strategy - both excellent, IMHO. The servos, Dynamixel XL-320 models, use daisy chain connection system with serial commands sent to individually addressed servos. The servos can also report back over the serial link, with temperature, speed, load and fault data among the data items reported.
Once I had sorted out the servos, fixing my assembly error was relatively straightforward - although I did have to tear down most of one leg of the unit. Pulling the two-part 'Ollo' rivets with the supplied tool is not difficult but you have to be careful not to just extract the center pin by itself - if this happens a small sheet metal screw is useful to extract the shell.
With the unit put together and operational, I used my Android tablet to control it. The default command set is fairly rich - the unit can do soccer moves, sit, stand, bow, punch in a number of ways, do situps, pushups, dance in a couple of modes as well as advance, retreat, move sideways and turn.
As it does not use any type of balancing system walking is more of a shuffle - the unit cannot lift its feet more than a fraction of an inch w/o losing its balance and uneven floors and small obstacles can result in a fall - fortunately, there is a 'stand up' command in the default set that has the unit doing a split, get onto its knees, lean forward on its arms then stand - great!
I purchased a couple of accessory devices - a distance sensor and a color sensor - but have yet to integrate them into the unit. The wires on the distance sensor, as delivered, are too short to reach from the mounting point to the CPU, but that's something to sort out later.
The programming system is a bit confusing - but there is an excellent on-line manual that explains the system. I have created a few simple moves but there are a couple of 'gotchas' - such as the fact that uploading a new, single, move w/o adding it to the existing set of moves erases all the existing moves - but you can restore those from the distribution file and be back on the air quickly.
Overall, the Darwin-mini blows Arduino-based bipedal units out of the water - the CPU is a 32 bit multi-core ARM and does an excellent job of controlling a complex machine - it has 16 servos, after all. The basic programming system relies on an Arduino-like 'recipe' scheme, an insult to the intelligence of any serious programmer but it's not hard to drill down into a more sophisticated interface. I haven't figured out how to get to a point where my 'C/C++' skills can be brought to bear but that's out there somewhere.
If you are willing to invest some serious bucks (it's going for $US500 at present) and quality time, the Darwin-mini will pay you back with interest - especially if you have an eight-year-old grandson who can't tear himself away from it. Well, until the batteries run down (about 20 minutes of eight year old play - or an hour or more of old-guy-like-me-play).
Have many funs.
Posted by Mike on 25th Jul 2014
I was hoping it was already assembled, but I look forward to the challenge and maybe getting additional sensors and components.
Posted by Frank Scherf on 25th Jun 2014
The Darwin Mini is one of the best kits on the market. Easy to assemble. Easy to control. Fun.


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On Saturday mornings, if you're in the courtyard in the middle of the Casa del Prado in Balboa Park, you can hear the strains of an orchestra, practicing. It's the Sinfonia ensemble, part of the San Diego Youth Symphony. And if you get there before the rehearsal starts, you're likely to cross paths with all manner of young musicians heaving instrument cases inside.
We've introduced you to one of them, Marcos Espinosa. Espinosa crosses the border on Saturday mornings from his home in Tijuana to play percussion in the Sinfonia.
Espinosa put together 20 photographic slides to tell the story of his interest in music, his non-music day job, why he comes to Balboa Park every week and why he finds Tijuana beautiful. He shared them at our Meeting of the Minds event last week. Watch his presentation here:


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Feb 23, 1982
|Filing date
|Jan 5, 1981
|Priority date
|May 12, 1980
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Larry A. Wendling
|Original Assignee
|Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (16), Referenced by (17), Classifications (43), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This is a division of application Ser. No. 148,776 filed May 12, 1980.
This invention relates to water-dispersible radiation curable polyesters containing hydantoin moieties and also containing backbone alpha-methylene groups.
In the field of graphic arts it is extremely useful that polymers having utility as, for example, printing plates be form-stable, adherent, abrasion resistant and water dispersible so that when these polymers are imaged the unexposed areas may be water or water/alcohol developable. In addition, it is desirable that these polymers photo-cure by crosslinking to a nontacky state in the presence of air. Such crosslinking often involves free-radical polymerization.
Historically, radical crosslinking of polymers has been effected by incorporating a high proportion (typically 50% by weight) of a polyethylenically unsaturated crosslinking agent in the polymer formation. Upon application of light or heat to generate free radicals, the polymer becomes immobilized by entrapment in the crosslinked network derived from a crosslinking agent or via chemical bonding. An alternative approach involves direct attachment to the polymer of photosensitive functionality, usually ethylenic unsaturation. This approach utilizes only one component and alleviates many problems associated with two-component systems, such as incompatibility, phase separation, etc. A disadvantage to this approach is that polymers of molecular weight in excess of 50,000 generally fail to effectively cure to tightly crosslinked networks. Consequently, desirable properties such as solvent resistance and abrasion resistance cannot be obtained. The presumed reason for the inefficient curing of polymers with molecular weight greater than 50,000 is that the higher molecular weight polymes have insufficient mobility (especially after several crosslinks have formed) for significant crosslinking interactions to occur.
Lower molecular weight polymers, i.e. those of molecular weight equal to or less than 5,000 readily cure to give high crosslink densities and subsequently good solvent resistance and abrasion resistance. However, these polymers lack inherent toughness and flexibility and consequently are brittle and lack tear resistance.
The incorporation of heterocyclic units into polymers including polyaldehydes, polyesters, polyamides, polyurethanes and polyethers in order to introduce hydrophilic properties into the polymers is described in the patent art. Examples of such art include U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,649,597 (polyaldehydes), 3,928,298 (polyethers), 3,893,979 (polyetherurethanes), 3,925,310 (polyamides), 3,928,289, 4,053,441 and 4,127,565. None of this art, however, teaches water-dispersible radiation-curable hydantoin unit-containing polyesters.
Water-soluble photocurable polyacrylates containing hydantoin as a heterocyclic unit are described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,808,226. These polyacrylates are prepared by condensation of unsymmetrical diglycidyl hydantoins with dicarboxylic acids to produce oligomers having a molecular weight of less than about 1400 that are then endcapped with acrylate functionality. Such heterocyclic unit-containing polyacrylates have only two acrylic groups per molecule. Also, their polymerization by exposure to radiation is relatively slow.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,920,732 (G.B. Pat. No. 1,400,978 is an equivalent), 3,804,735 and its division 3,856,744 (G.B. Pat. No. 1,400,979 is an equivalent), disclose photocurable compositions comprising mixtures of a beta-hydroxy ester and a polyitaconate. The beta-hydroxy ester is prepared by the reaction of an aliphatic aromatic or heterocyclic polyepoxide and ethylenically-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid. The polyitaconate is prepared by the reaction of about 0.8 to about 1 mole itaconic acid with about 1 to about 1.2 mole polyepoxide (preparation described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,847,770). These patents are directed to the production of solvent-free fluid polyester compositions that are not water-soluble and can be cured to a hard polymer. There is no disclosure of form-stable water-dispersible polyesters that can be cured by radiation.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,108,803 discloses water-soluble photopolymerizable epoxy resins containing pendant unsaturated ester or amidomethyl groups. Included among the epoxy resins disclosed in this patent are resins prepared by the reaction in a first stage of a heterocyclic diepoxide and dicarboxylic acids followed by reaction in a second stage of the product of the first stage with an unsaturated compound (for example, acrylic acid). This second stage reaction produces a polyester having a plurality of ethylenically unsaturated groups but does not produce polyesters having a plurality of backbone alpha-methylene groups.
The heterocyclic group-containing polyesters of this invention display the hydrophilic properties of hydantoin polymers described in the prior art. However, the polymers of this invention further incorporate photoactive functionality into the backbone of the polymer as opposed to pendant functionality described in the existing art. The procedure for incorporating photoactive backbone sites into the polymer offers an easier synthetic approach and provides greater crosslink density without sacrificing hydrophilicity than is attainable via the "pendant" approach. The high crosslink density available from the "backbone" approach provides cured films with enhanced resistance to abrasion and solvents. In addition to necessitating a second synthetic step to impart photoactivity to the polymer, the "pendant" approach generally reduces hydrophilicity by replacing a water-solubilizing functionality with an hydrophobic photoactive group.
The heterocyclic group-containing polymers of this invention are different from the polyepoxideitaconates described in the prior art. The prior art specifies the use of aromatic or aliphatic epoxides for the preparation of polyitaconates; consequently, these materials display no water solubility. This invention teaches the use of water-soluble heterocyclic epoxides which impart hydrophilic character to the polyitaconates. This property provides the ability to image these polymers and develop unexposed areas with water or water/alcohol developers. Furthermore, the polymers of this invention are form-stable, have enhanced adhesion to a variety of substrates and photocure readily to a nontacky state in the presence of air.
One aspect of the present invention relates to water-dispersible polyesters which photocure to a nontacky state in the presence of air. The backbone structures of these novel polyesters contain hydantoin units and alpha-methylene groups.
More particularly, the present invention relates to a family of water-dispersible, form-stable polymers of intermediate molecular weight, (i.e., 3,000-30,000) which cure rapidly in the presence of air to highly crosslinked networks that are solvent resistant, tough, and abrasion resistant.
Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of preparing these novel polyesters.
A further aspect of this invention relates to radiation-sensitive, aqueous or aqueous/alcohol developable imageable elements containing the compositions disclosed herein.
An additional aspect of the present invention relates to the solvent resistant energy crosslinked compositions produced when the novel polyesters disclosed herein are cured.
In accordance with the invention, water-dispersible form-stable polyesters having a number average molecular weight of about 3,000 to about 30,000 and a backbone containing alpha-methylene groups and heterocyclic moieties, and a process for preparing such polyesters are provided. Also provided are energy crosslinked compositions comprising the polyesters and water or water/alcohol developable radiation-sensitive elements comprising the compositions. The polyesters of the invention have repeating units of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and optionally one catenary oxygen;
R1 is hydrogen but can be ##STR2## wherein R3 is preferably alkenyl but can be alkyl having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and can be substituted by phenyl or carboxyl and R4 is aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbyl having up to 8 carbon atoms and is preferably acryloyloxyalkyl or a methacryloyloxyalkyl group, in which the alkyl group has 2 to 4 carbon atoms;
R2 is hydrogen or methyl;
W is a divalent group that is required to complete a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring, preferably, W is ##STR3## but W can be ##STR4## wherein R5, R6, R7 and R8 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms;
Q is the divalent or trivalent residue of hydrocarbyl di- or tri-carboxylic acids, said residue formed by the removal of active hydrogens from the carboxylic acid groups and containing up to 40 carbon atoms, preferably containing 4 to 12 carbon atoms, and optionally containing catenary oxygen atoms, of which carboxylic acids at least 10 mole percent have alpha-methylene groups;
a is zero or one, but can be one for no more than 20 mole percent of the carboxylic acids; and
Z is ##STR5##
The polyesters of the invention allow the preparation of radiation-sensitive water or water/alcohol developable elements such as printing plates that do not require the use of binders that reduce curing speeds and cause development problems (e.g., cause formation of scum, etc.).
The compounds of this invention generally can be prepared by the base catalyzed, preferably the tertiary amine catalyzed, reaction of one mole equivalent of a bis-(epoxy)heterocyclic compound and from about 0.8 to 1.2 mole equivalents of polycarboxylic acid (one or more dicarboxylic acids can be used) in accordance with the equation: ##STR6## wherein R, R2, Q, a, Z, and W are as defined before and b is a number having a value between about 5 and 60 sufficient to provide the polyester with a number average molecular weight between about 3,000 and about 30,000.
The catalyzed reaction, wherein a catalytically active amount of a base polymerization catalyst is utilized, can be performed in the presence or absence of solvent. Generally, the epoxide, polycarboxylic acid, catalyst, inhibitor for thermal polymerization, and solvent, if used, are heated from 50� to 120� C., preferably about 80� to 100� C., until the disappearance of the epoxy group as may be shown by chemical titration analysis, is observed. Heating for from 2 to 40 hours usually suffices to complete the reaction.
The hydroxyl groups present in compounds of formula I (i.e., where R1 is hydrogen) can be acylated by treatment with an acylating agent, preferably by an acyl halide, an acyl anhydride, or an isocyanate that may contain polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated groups.
By adjustment of the ratio of bis-(epoxy)-heterocyclic compound to dicarboxylic acid, the terminal groups in the polyester can be controlled as is known in the addition polymer art. Thus, an excess (about 1 to 10%) of the bis-epoxide over the dicarboxylic acid gives polyesters having terminal epoxy groups and an excess (about 1 to 10%) of the dicarboxylic acid over the bis-epoxide gives polyesters having terminal carboxylic groups. Essentially equivalent amounts of bis-epoxide and dicarboxylic acid give polyesters having, on average, both carboxyl and epoxy terminal groups. When the terminal groups of the polyester are epoxy, these terminal groups are readily converted to acryloyl, methacryloyl or mixtures thereof by reaction with acrylic or methacrylic acid as is known in the art.
Suitable bis-epoxyheterocyclic compounds for use in the practice of the present invention have the formula: ##STR7## wherein R, R2 and W are as defined for formula I. Examples of suitable bis-(epoxy)heterocyclic compounds include:
Other suitable bis-(epoxy)heterocyclic compounds are listed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,808,226 and 4,137,139 which are incorporated into this application by reference.
The preferred bis-(epoxy)heterocyclic compounds are the 1,3-diglycidylhydantoins such as 1,3-diglycidyl-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, 1,3-diglycidyl-5-ethyl-5-methylhydantoin, 1,3-diglycidyl-5-hexyl-5-methylhydantoin, and 1,3-di-(3-glycidyloxypropyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin.
Suitable polycarboxylic acids for use in the practice of this invention have the formula: ##STR8## where Q and a and Z are as defined for formula I. The polycarboxylic acids may be saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic, or heterocyclic and may be substituted optionally by non-interfering groups such as alkyls, unsaturated alkyls, heterocyclics, sulfonates, esters, ethers, halohydrocarbons, amides and carbamates. Examples of suitable dicarboxylic acids include: oxalic, succinic, glutaric, adipic, suberic, sebacic, undecanedicarboxylic, hexadecanedicarboxylic, 1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic, tricarballylic, dimerized fatty acids (such as obtained by the polymerization of olefinically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids containing 16 to 20 carbon atoms such as oleic acid, linoleic acid and the like. The dimer acid of linoleic acid is described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,753,463). Other useful dicarboxylic acids are diglycolic, dilactic, 3,3'-(ethylenedioxy)dipropionic, phthalic, isophthalic, terephthalic, 5-sulfonatoisophthalic, trimellitic, trimesic, diphenic, phenylenediacetic, benzylsuccinic, 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic, 5-chloro-1,3-benzenedicarboxylic, tetrachlorophthalic, 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic, 2,4-pyridinedicarboxylic, 2,5-tetrahydrofuranedicarboxylic, maleic, but-2-enedioic, 1,5-pent-2-enedioic, itaconic, α-methyleneglutaric, α-methyleneadipic, α-methylitaconic, and α,α-dimethylitaconic.
The polyesters of the invention having 100 mole percent down to about 50 mole percent of alpha-methylene dicarboxylic acid and 0 to about 50 mole percent of dicarboxylic acid not having an alpha-methylene group are highly responsive to polymerization by actinic radiation even in the presence of oxygen. With a decrease of dicarboxylic acids having alpha-methylene content below about 50 mole percent, the rate of polymerization of the polyester decreases, so that below about 10-20 mole percent alpha-methylene-containing dicarboxylic acids, curing on exposure to actinic radiation proceeds very slowly.
The polyesters of the invention contain secondary hydroxyl groups which are formed on reaction of heterocyclic diepoxide with polycarboxylic acid as is shown in Equation II. These hydroxyls can be functionalized by reaction with an acylation group and thereby the polyester can be tailored to desirable properties such as increased solubility in a particular solvent, improved tensile strength and reduced flammability. In this manner, R1 of formula I is replaced by ##STR9## Exemplary acylation agents from which R1 is derived include acid chlorides such as acetyl chloride, propionyl chloride, valeryl chloride, dodecanoyl chloride, acryloyl chloride, methacryloyl chloride, alpha-chloroacryloyl chloride, crotonyl chloride, benzoyl chloride, phenylacetyl chloride, cinnamoyl chloride and 2,4-dichlorophenylacetyl chloride; the corresponding carboxylic acids and anhydrides; other anhydrides include the anhydrides of dicarboxylic acids such as maleic anhydride, succinic anhydride, methylenesuccinic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, and 3-chlorophthalic anhydride; and organic isocyanates such as methyl isocyanate, ethyl isocyanate, n-butyl isocyanate, phenyl isocyanate, 4-t-butyl isocyanate, acryloyloxyethyl isocyanate, methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanate, 4-methacryloyloxybutyl isocyanate, 4-acryloylphenyl isocyanate and 4-vinylphenyl isocyanate. Preferred acylating agents are the acryloyloxyalkyl isocyanates in which the alkyl group has 2 to 4 carbon atoms such as methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanate. Other preferred acylating agents are maleic anhydride and succinic anhydride. The acryloyloxyalkyl isocyanates are preferred for acylation because of the relative ease of reaction with the secondary hydroxyls of the polyester and because they provide an efficient procedure for increasing the ethylenic unsaturation of the polyester. The anhydrides of dicarboxylic acids are preferred acylating agents. When these agents are used to acylate the secondary hydroxyls of the polyester, carboxyl groups are introduced, thereby increasing the solubility of the polyester in aqueous solvents.
By reaction of the secondary hydroxyls of the polyester with ethylenically unsaturated acylation agents, the ethylenic unsaturation of polyesters having a low content of backbone alpha-methylene groups can be increased. This increase, of course, increases the rate of curing of the polyester on exposure to a given amount of energy.
Where the polyesters have been prepared using an excess of diepoxyheterocyclic compound, they contain terminal epoxy groups. These groups can be reacted with nucleophiles to open the epoxide ring and provide terminal ester groups. Where these nucleophiles are ethylenically substituted such as acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, the polyester becomes terminated with these groups.
The radiation polymerizable compositions of the invention comprise the polyesters having backbone alphamethylene groups and sufficient polymerization initiators for bringing about polymerization on subjection of the composition to actinic radiation.
Polymerization initiators suitable for use in the crosslinkable compositions of the invention are those compounds which liberate or generate a free-radical on addition of energy. Such catalysts include peroxy, azo, and redox systems all of which are well known and are described frequently in polymerization art. Included among free-radical catalysts are the conventional heat activated catalysts such as organic peroxides and organic hydroperoxides; examples are benzoyl peroxide, tertiary-butyl perbenzoate, cumene hydroperoxide, azobis(isobutylronitrile) and the like. The preferred catalysts are photopolymerization initiators which facilitate polymerization when the composition is irradiated. Included among such initiators are acyloin and derivatives thereof, such as benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, benzoin isobutyl ether, and α-methylbenzoin, diketones such as benzil and diacetyl, etc.; organic sulfides such as diphenyl monosulfide, diphenyl disulfide, decyl phenyl sulfide, and tetramethylthiuram monosulfide; S-acyl dithiocarbamates, such as S-benzoyl-N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamate; phenones such as acetophenone, α,α,α-tribromoacetophenone, α,α-diethoxyacetophenone, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, o-nitro-α,α,α-tribromoacetophenone; benzophenone, and p,p'-tetramethyldiaminobenzophenone; sulfonyl halides such as p-toluene sulfonyl chloride, 1-naphthalenesulfonyl chloride, 2-naphthalenesulfonyl chloride, 1,3-benzenedisulfonyl chloride, 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyl bromide and p-acetamidobenzenesulfonyl chloride. Normally, the initiator is used in amounts ranging from about 0.01 to 5% by weight of the total polymerization composition. When the quantity is less than 0.01% by weight, the polymerization rate becomes extremely low. If the initiator is used in excess of 5% by weight, no correspondingly improved effect can be expected. Thus, addition of such greater quantity is economically unjustified. Preferably, about 0.25 to 1.0% initiator is used in the polymerizable composition.
The polyesters of the invention can, but do not have to be, formulated with ethylenically unsaturated monomers. Ethylenically unsaturated monomers suitable for formulation with the polyesters include methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, chlorohexyl acrylate, styrene, 2-chlorostyrene, 2,4-dichlorostyrene, acrylic acid, acrylamide, acrylonitrile, t-butyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-(N-butylcarbamyl)ethyl methacrylate and 2-(N-ethylcarbamyl)ethyl methacrylate. Other diluting monomers that can be incorporated into the composition of the invention include 1,4-butylene dimethylacrylate or acrylate, ethylene dimethacrylate, hexanediol diacrylate or methacrylate, glyceryl diacrylate or methacrylate, glyceryl triacrylate or trimethylacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate or trimethacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate or tetramethacrylate, diallyl phthalate, dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, neopentylglycol triacrylate, 1,3,5-tri(2-methacryoyloxyethyl)-s-triazine, and polyacryloyl-hydantoins such as those describe in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,808,226 and 3,852,302 and in assignee's copending patent application, Ser. No. 51,876, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,249,011, filed June 25, 1979.
The compositions of the invention can also include a variety of addenda utilized for their known purpose, such as stabilizers, inhibitors, lubricants, flexibilizers, pigments, dyes, reinforcing fillers such as finely divided silica, non-reinforcing fillers such as diatomaceous earth, metal oxides, asbestos, fiberglass, glass bubbles, talc, etc. Thermal polymerization inhibitors are useful and may be present in amounts less than 200 ppm by weight of the reacting materials. Fillers can generally be used in proportions up to about 200 percent by weight of the curable composition but preferably are used up to about 50 percent by weight. Where the polymerizing energy is radiation, it is desirable that the addenda be transparent to the radiation.
The compositions of the invention are prepared by simply mixing (under "safe light" conditions if the composition is to be sensitized to visible light) the polymerization catalyst and sensitizer (where used), the heterocyclic group-containing polyesters of the invention and, where used, the diluting monomers, binders and other addenda. Inert solvents may be employed if desired when effecting this mixture. Examples of suitable solvents are methanol, ethanol, acetone, acetonitrile and include any solvent which does not react with the components of the mixture.
The compositions of the invention can be used as adhesives, caulking and sealing compositions, casting and molding compositions, potting and encapsulating compositions, impregnating and coating compositions, binders, etc., depending on the particular combination of components. Where the polymerization catalyst is a photoinitiator, the composition can be used for in situ curing processes because of this insensitivity to oxygen.
The photopolymerizable compositions are particularly suitable for applications in the field of protective coatings and graphic arts because of their superior abrasion-resistance and adhesion to many rigid, resilient and flexible substrates such as metals, plastics, rubber, glass, paper, wood, and ceramics; their excellent resistance to most solvents and chemicals; and their capability for forming high resolution images. Among such uses are water or water/alcohol developable resists for chemical milling, gravure images, offset plates, stencil making, screenless lithography, relief printing plates, printed circuits, radiation cured protective coatings for glass, metal surfaces and the like. Also, because the polyesters of the invention are form-stable, they do not flow at temperatures below about 30� C., and many are non-tacky at these temperatures.
The photopolymerization of the compositions of the invention occurs on exposure of the compositions to any source of radiation emitting actinic radiation at a wavelength within the ultraviolet and visible spectral regions. Suitable sources of radiation include mercury, xenon, carbon arc and tungsten filament lamps, sunlight, etc. Exposures may be from less than about 1 second to 10 minutes or more depending upon the amounts of particular polymerizable materials, the photopolymerization catalyst being utilized and depending upon the radiation source and distance from the source and the thickness of the coating to be cured. The compositions may also be polymerized by exposure to electron beam irradiation. Generally speaking, the dosage necessary is from less than 1 megarad to 100 megarad or more. One of the major advantages with using electron beam curing is that highly pigmented compositions can be effectively cured at a faster rate than by mere exposure to actinic radiation.
The instant invention will be better understood by referring to the following specific but nonlimiting examples. It is understood that the examples are merely illustrative and that modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
There were dissolved 110.4 g of DGDMH (0.8 mole epoxide equivalency), 52.0 g itaconic acid 0.8 m acid eqivalency), 0.05 g 4-methoxyphenol, 0.76 g triethylamine, and 40 ml p-dioxane in a 250 ml three-necked round bottom flask equipped with mechanical stirrer, reflux condenser and CaSO4 drying tube. The reaction flask temperature was maintained at 100� C. for 19.25 hours. At this time, chemical tritration analysis showed that 99% of the epoxide and carboxylic acid groups had been consumed. The solvent can be removed at reduced pressure to yield a hard, glassy polyester which is soluble in tetrahydrofuran, p-dioxane, cyclohexanone and alcohol/water solutions.
The polyester and 2% by weight of 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenyl acetophenone were coated from tetrahydrofuran onto 12 μm polyester film and dried to provide a 2.5 μm layer. A stencil was placed on the nontacky layer and the sample was exposed to a Hanovia 3D690 mercury arc lamp (140 watt) for 30 seconds. The sample was 6 cm from the irradiation source. The template was removed and the unexposed areas were washed away with a 10% aqueous ethanol developer to leave an image having excellent resolution.
Polyesters having the various other ring structures noted in Formula I above, wherein W is as defined above, can be made by substantially the same synthetic procedure as used in this example.
Assignee's copending patent application Ser. No. 51,876 (Wendling) and Ser. No. 51877, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,262,072 (Wendling and Covington), filed June 25, 1979, are indicative of the known similarity of certain identifiable groups in giving similar reactions in the formation of derivative polymerizable groups.
29.4 g DGDMH (0.2 m epoxide equivalency), 28.5 g C36 dimer acid (0.1 m acid equivalency), 6.5 g itaconic acid (0.1 m acid equivalency), 0.05 g 4-methoxy phenol, 0.36 g dimethyl benzylamine, and 30 ml p-dioxane were dissolved in a 250 ml three-necked round bottom flask equipped with mechanical stirrer, reflux condenser, and CaSO4 drying tube. The reaction flask was heated to 90� C. for 36.0 hours. At this time chemical tritration analysis showed that greater than 95% of the epoxide and carboxylic acid groups had been consumed.
A coating of the polymer was prepared and exposed for 60 seconds as described in Example 1. On development with 50% aqueous ethanol, an image of cured polymer having excellent resolution was obtained.
There were dissolved 18.6 g DGDMH (0.2 m equivalents epoxide), 11.3 g itaconic acid (0.175 m equivalents acid), 2.62 g trimesic acid (0.035 m equivalents acid), 0.05 g 4-methoxyphenol and 0.36 g triethyl amine in 20 ml p-dioxane in a 250 ml three-necked flask equipped with mechanical stirrer, reflux condenser, and CaSO4 drying tube. The reaction flask was heated to 90� C. for 23.0 hours. At this time chemical titration of the epoxide groups showed the reaction to be 98.2% complete. The solvent was removed at reduced pressure to give a hard glassy polymer soluble in tetrahydrofuran and aqueous alcohol.
A coating of the polymer and 2% by weight of 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenyl acetophenone was exposed for 60 seconds as described for the polyester of Example 1. On development with aqueous alcohol, an image of cured polymer having excellent resolution was obtained.
There were charged 43.84 g DGDMH (0.32 m epoxide equivalents), 17.93 g (0.29 m carboxylic acid equivalents), itaconic acid, 0.76 g 4-methoxy phenol, and 0.58 g triethylamine into a 250 ml three-necked round bottom flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, reflux condense and CaSO4 drying tube. The reaction flask temperature was raised to 95� C. After 6.0 hours 2.21 g (0.03 m carboxylic acid equivalents) acrylic acid were added. After 17.75 total hours, chemical titration analysis showed that 99% of the epoxide groups had been consumed. The solvent was sparged off with dry air leaving a glassy polyester soluble in tetrahydrofuran and alcohol/water solution.
A layer of this material was prepared and exposed for 30 seconds as described in Example 1. On development with aqueous alcohol, an image of cured polymer having excellent resolution was obtained.
A polymer was prepared similarly to that of Example 4 using 28.6 g of DGDMH (0.2 g epoxide equivalency), 19.28 g maleic acid (0.18 m carboxylic acid equivalency), and 1.44 g acrylic acid (0.02 m acid equivalency).
A layer of this material was prepared and exposed for 45 seconds as described in Example 1. On development with aqueous alcohol, an image of cured polymer having excellent resolution was obtained.
There were dissolved 19.28 g of the copolymer of Example 1 in 40 ml cyclohexanone in a 250 ml three-necked round bottom flask equipped with a pressure equalizing dropping funnel, reflux condenser, mechanical stirrer and CaSO4 drying tube. The reaction flask was heated to 55� C. and 7.78 g (0.5 m equivalent isocyanate), 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl isocyanate was added dropwise over the course of ten minutes. The reaction was stirred for 3 hours at 55� C., cooled to room temperature and the polymer was precipitated from diethyl ether.
The polymer was coated and exposed for 15 seconds to Hanovia 3D690 lamp as described in Example 1. Development was effected with aqueous ethanol. An image having excellent resolution was obtained.
This polymer was prepared in a manner similar to that of the polymer described in Example 6, except substituting phenyl isocyanate for 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl isocyanate.
A solution of the polyester obtained was coated, dried and imaged in a manner similar to that of Example 1. This polymer can be imaged by a 90 second exposure to a 100 watt Hanovia 3D690 mercury arc lamp followed by developing with aqueous ethanol.
Hydantoin-itaconic acid polyester (18.5 g) prepared as described in Example 1 was dissolved in 40 ml paradioxane in a 250 ml three-necked round bottom flask equipped with mechanical stirrer, reflux condenser and CaSO4 drying tube. There was added 0.50 g maleic anhydride and the solution was heated at 95� C. for two hours. The reaction was returned to room temperature and the solvent was removed under vacuum.
The resulting polymer is soluble in water, water/alcohol solutions and tetrahydrofuran (THF). Films of this material were prepared as described in Example 1. Imaging was performed by exposure to a 100 watt Hanovia 3D690 mercury arc lamp for 60 seconds followed by development with water.
Polyester prepared as described in Example 1 was reacted with 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl isocyanate as described in Example 6 to give a polyester having 30% instead of 50% of the secondary hydroxyls reacted. Into 50 ml paradioxane was dissolved 18.5 g of this polymer in a 500 ml three-necked round bottom flask equipped with mechanical stirrer, reflux condenser and CaSO4 drying tube. There was added 0.98 g maleic acid and the mixture was heated at 90� C. for three hours. After this time the reaction was allowed to cool to room temperature and the polymer was precipitated from diethyl ether. This polymer is soluble in water, alcohol/water, and THF.
Coating and imaging can be performed as described for the polymer of Example 1. Curing is effected in 60 seconds with a 100 watt Hanovia 3D690 mercury arc lamp.
A 2.5 μm film containing 68% of the polymer from Example 6 and 30% of the hydantoin hexaacrylate (described in assignee's copending patent application, Ser. No. 51,876, filed June 25, 1979) and 2% by weight of 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenyl acetophenone was cast onto 12 μm polyester from tetrahydrofuran. After solvent evaporation, the film was cured to an abrasion resistant surface in 15 seconds upon exposure to the Hanovia processing lamp described in Example 1. This film can also be imaged and developed as described in Example 1.
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|Jan 18, 2000
|Aug 28, 2001
|Kodak Polychrome Graphics, Llc
|Relation to lithographic printing forms
|May 18, 2001
|Nov 26, 2002
|Kodak Polychrome Graphics, Llc
|Lithographic printing forms
|May 18, 1999
|May 27, 2003
|E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company
|Ionization radiation imageable photopolymer compositions
|Mar 21, 2003
|Jul 12, 2005
|E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company
|Ionization radiation imageable photopolymer compositions
|Apr 6, 2005
|Sep 7, 2010
|Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.
|Condensation type polymer-containing anti-reflective coating for semiconductor
|Dec 5, 2006
|Nov 8, 2011
|Fisher-Rosemount Systems, Inc.
|Multi-objective predictive process optimization with concurrent process simulation
|Oct 19, 2006
|Jun 2, 2015
|Fisher-Rosemount Systems, Inc.
|Updating and utilizing dynamic process simulation in an operating process environment
|Dec 5, 2006
|Jun 30, 2015
|Fisher-Rosemount Systems, Inc.
|Smart process modules and objects in process plants
|Mar 21, 2003
|Sep 25, 2003
|Ying Wang
|Ionization radiation imageable photopolymer compositions
|Oct 2, 2006
|Jun 7, 2007
|Fisher-Rosemount Systems, Inc.
|Updating and Utilizing Dynamic Process Simulation in an Operating Process Environment
|Dec 5, 2006
|Jul 5, 2007
|Fisher-Rosemount Systems, Inc.
|Smart Process Modules and Objects in Process Plants
|Apr 6, 2005
|Feb 14, 2008
|Nissan Chemical Industries Ltd.
|Condensation Type Polymer-Containing Anti-Reflective Coating For Semiconductor
|Apr 6, 2005
|Aug 3, 2011
|Antireflection film for semiconductor containing condensation type polymer
|Nov 18, 1985
|May 28, 1986
|Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
|Ethylenically unsaturated polyesters
|U.S. Classification
|430/285.1, 430/270.1, 430/288.1, 526/263, 522/90, 522/96, 522/100, 528/297, 528/296, 525/438, 522/166, 522/103, 528/289, 522/33
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|May 9, 1985
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Apr 3, 1989
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Jun 23, 1993
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


text:
Volunteers fan out for Big Sunday events
Much of Orange County may not have heard of Big Sunday Weekend, but that may not last long.
The founding organization based in Hollywood has been around for 15 years, having inspired some 300 volunteer events this year. The themed weekend, which came to Orange County five years ago, included a couple of dozen events this year, organizers said.
Big Sunday Executive Director David Levinson built the movement on the Jewish tradition of Mitzvah Day, on which a congregation spends one day volunteering together through a variety of projects and activities.
Big Sunday no longer has an official religious affiliation, but it brings religious and non-religious groups together for a weekend of charitable activities across five states. The emphasis is on inclusiveness. The only restriction, Levinson said, is that those affiliating cannot take a stand on controversial issues.
Levinson, 53, of Los Angeles said volunteering on Big Sunday Weekend is not limited to a single cause.
"If what they really want to do is to help homeless people, veterans, dogs or the environment, there is something for everybody," he said. "The idea is to do it together," Levinson said.
One of the 20-plus organizations participating Sunday, Second Harvest Food Bank, saw a turnout of about 80 people Sunday morning at its Incredible Edible Park in Irvine. The volunteers were taught how to plant tomatoes and pick green beans, all of which would help provide 400 Orange County agencies with the supplies for 80,000 annual meals.
Soosie Sohn, Tustin chapter coordinator for Lion's Heart, a teen-volunteering organization, said she was not aware of Big Sunday Weekend before she saw on the Big Sunday website that the food bank's park had openings for volunteers. Since volunteer wait times at the park can last up to a year, Sohn said she wants to be sure her volunteers are involved at the park, and other Big Sunday events, next year.
"I wish there were more events in Orange County," she said. "We would always pencil this in."
Max Goldenberg of Tustin said he enjoyed planting and picking crops at the park because he knows food is a much-needed resource in his community.
"We are changing lives because these meals are helping people," Goldenberg, 10, said. "They need this food because it keeps them alive."
Meanwhile, Merage Jewish� Community Center group, JCC Cares and Project Access Resource Centers put together donations of clothes, jewelry, salon hair and nail services, and acupuncture treatments to pamper mothers at Santa Ana's Warwick Square Apartments complex.
Ciry Hurtado, 40, was one of 25 residents chosen for a day of beauty and fashion makeovers geared toward Mother's Day.
At her apartment's resource center, she received a haircut and style from stylists at Costa Mesa's Tek Salon and Spa, just one of a few treatments that made her feel special.
"I came with my neighbors, and I am happy that we can come and take advantage of this because it is free," Hurtado said. "I usually wait three to four months between haircuts, and even longer to do my nails."
JCC Cares volunteer Adrienne Matros said she hopes to see Orange County establish its own Big Sunday volunteer hub one day. In the meantime, she enjoys the sense of community the weekend brings to local religious centers, such as University Synagogue and The Islamic Institute of Orange County, which also hosted Big Sunday Weekend events.
"It's nice to be a part of the bigger picture," Matros said.
Contact the writer: 714-796-3543
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text:
Songs were composed by Dolly Parton. The libretto was developed by Patricia Resnick. The New York's readings of the show started in January 2007. The production undertook director Joe Mantello. The musical had cast of T. Ullman, A. Ripley, M. Hilty & M. Kudisch. In June 2007, New York hosted a weeklong workshop, which developed the theatrical. Show was produced by J. Mantello. The cast involved A. Janney, S. J. Block, M. Kudisch, M. Hilty & A. Karl. The world premiere took place in Los Angeles' Ahmanson Theatre. It was staged there from September to October 2008. Production was carried out by director J. Mantello and choreographer A. Blankenbuehler. The histrionics involved A. Janney, M. Kudisch, S. J. Block, M. Hilty, A. Harada & T. Ross.
Tryouts on Broadway began in April 2009. The musical was in the Marquis Theatre from late April to September 2009, with 24 preliminaries and 148 regular performances. Production was directed by J. Mantello and A. Blankenbuehler. The show included this list of actors: A. Janney, S. J. Block, M. Hilty, M. Kudisch, K. Fitzgerald, C. Pollock & A. Karl. From September 2010 to July 2011, there was a national tour. Spectacle has been developed by director and choreographer Jeffrey Calhoun. The tour had the following cast: D. Hoty, D. DeGarmo, M. Parris & J. Mahowald. From October 2012 to July 2013, there was a British tour production, carried out by director Jeff Calhoun and choreographer Lisa Stevens. In the show were involved: J. Clune, A. Lennox, N. Casey, B. Langford, B. Richards & M. Willshire. From August to October 2013, there was a play in Illinois Marriott Theatre, developed by director David H. Bell and choreographer Matt Raftery. The performance had cast: K. Cramer, S. Moniz, A. Palkovic & J. Moye. The musical was nominated for several awards.
Release date: 2008
Last Update:August, 19th 2016
9 to 5 lyrics list
- Act 1
- 9 to 5 by Dolly Parton Lyrics
- Around Here Lyrics
- Here For You Lyrics
- I Just Might Lyrics
- Backwoods Barbie Lyrics
- Dance o' Death Lyrics
- Cowgirl's Revenge Lyrics
- Potion Notion Lyrics
- Joy To The Girls Lyrics
- Heart to Hart Lyrics
- Shine Like the Sun Lyrics
- Act 2
- One of the Boys Lyrics
- 5 to 9 Lyrics
- Always A Woman Lyrics
- Change It Lyrics
- Let Love Grow Lyrics
- Get Out And Stay Out Lyrics
- Nine to Five (Finale) Lyrics


text:
Electronic Music - The various tools of the Trade
Since the dawn of electronic music a while in the late nineteenth or early last century, musicians and inventors happen to be coming up with creative new methods to manipulate sound and make music. These days, there's an astounding array of software and hardware available to any artist. The tools a musician chooses to make their music are as unique as his or her style. Below is an overview of some of the devices commonly used to produce electronic music: Talos Bloom
Audio samplers
Audio samplers are instruments that can record, store and playback sounds. They often include tools present with synthesizers such as filters, pitch-shifters, and oscillators. Usually samplers have a keyboard, sequencer, or some other kind of controller. Samplers are often used to replace real instruments by musicians on tight budgets, but can also be pushed to create new, innovative, and creative sounds.
Drum Machines
Drum machines are popular. They are popular in electronic and hip hop music. They are also often used during studio recordings when human drummers aren't available. The history of drum machines is very long, but they never really entered public consciousness until Roland introduced the TR-808 and TR-909 within the eighties. Since then, the beats from the TR-808 and TR-909 have become probably the most recognizable sounds in pop music.
Sound Modules
What distinguishes sound modules using their company electronic musical instruments is the lack of a playable interface. They should be paired with an external controller such as a midi keyboard, sequencer, or a trigger pad. Sound modules may be synthesizers, simple tone generators, digital pianos, samplers, plus more. Some, known as drum modules, are aimed at producing percussive sounds. Most sound modules accept midi input and are rack mountable. Some famous modules include the Roland MKS20 and the Yamaha TX16W.
Tabletop Synthesizers
Like sound modules, tabletop synthesizers sport a tiny form factor. Unlike modules, they add a compact controller. Their size and portability can be an advantage for touring musicians and those short on space. Despite their small size, they can pack an incredible sonic punch. People familiar with club and dance music may recognize the sound of the tabletop Access Virus synthesizer. Another popular tabletop synth is the Minimoog Voyager XL.
Audio Sequencers
Audio sequencers can trigger patterns of notes within a drum machine, sampler, or synthesizer. These sequencers are often referred to as step sequencers and so are usually monophonic. Sequencers may also be used to playback and record longer pieces of music, and arrange polyphonic material. These kind of sequencers can be found in production stations and other standalone hardware, but have largely migrated to software applications where they are often included as part of a DAW, or digital audio workstation. Talos Bloom
Production Stations
Production stations combine the strength of audio sequencers, drum machines, controllers, and samplers. These standalone devices can be all an artist has to make music. Oftentimes, they come pre-programmed with patterns and full of samples. The grooves of Akai's popular MPC series have unquestionably left their mark on rap music.
These days, computers are replacing lots of electronic instruments that used to be only available as stand-alone hardware. Oftentimes, a DAW includes software equivalents of all the hardware instruments mentioned in this article. Despite this fact, leading manufacturers continue to innovate and release new hardware instruments every year. This is good news for electronic musicians who now have almost unlimited choices about what tools they want to use to create their music.


text:
build an ecommerce website-online jewelry and accessories store.
This project received 80 bids from talented freelancers with an average bid price of $854 USD.Get free quotes for a project like this
Project BudgetN/A
Total Bids80
Project Description
I am looking at developing a full online store with shopping cart features and checkout through paypal.
the website will be copy of [url removed, login to view], [url removed, login to view], or [url removed, login to view]
Shipping calculator options.
Full list of categories and expandable in future.
Easy options forposting reviews and managing inventories.
HTML marketing options.
allows future integration with ebay and amazon.
Please bid if you have experience in ecommerce web development and design.
Send your portfolio with your resume.
Skills Required
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- Set your budget and the timeframe
- Outline your proposal
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More Videos...
1962 AMC Rambler American
I thought you might like a look at this really clean little 1962 AMC Rambler American. It's still powered by the original flathead straight six, with only 78,xxx original miles. The paint is slick and the interior has been completely redone. I hope you find it interesting, thanks for taking a look!
AMC AMX 500 SPECIAL 1969 - Modest test drive - Engine Sound | SCC TV
Recently we came across this beautiful AMC AMX 500 Special 1969 at The Gallery in Brummen, The Netherlands. We love to hear your comments on our videos. Feel free to leave one! We make these videos because we love cars. Please help us keep making them by liking our videos. Thank you very much! The AMC AMX is a two-seat GT-style sports car that was produced by American Motors Corporation for the 1968 through 1970 model years.[2] The AMX was also classified as a muscle car, but "unique among other American cars at the time due its short wheelbase".[4] The AMX was also the only American-built steel-bodied two-seater of its time, the first since the 1955-1957 Ford Thunderbird.[5] To a degree, the AMX was a competitor with America's only other two-seater of the era, the Chevrolet Corvette[6] for substantially less money.[5] With a one-inch (2.5 cm) shorter wheelbase than the Chevrolet's 2-seater, "the AMX was often seen by the press as a Corvette competitor."[7] Fitted with the optional high-compression medium block 390 cu in (6.4 L) AMC V8 engine, the AMX offered top-notch performance at an affordable price. In spite of this value and enthusiastic initial reception by automotive media and enthusiasts, sales never thrived. However, the automaker's larger objectives to refocus AMC's image on performance and to bring younger customers into its dealer showrooms was achieved. After three model years, the two-seat version was discontinued, and the AMX's now signature badging was transferred to a high-performance version of its 4-seat sibling, the Javelin, from 1971-1974. American Motors capitalized the respected reputation of the original AMXs by reviving the model designation for performance-equipped coupe versions of the compact Hornet in 1977, Concord in 1978, and subcompact Spirit in 1979 and 1980.
1970 Amx BBO 401
This is a remake of a passed video. Youtube muted the old one. Thanks for watching!! Check back for more videos and don't forget to check out our website www.drpamxresto.com for more videos and pictures!!!!
1968 AMC Playmate of the Year AMX - Jay Leno's Garage
Why is this car Playmate pink? Mark Melvin tells Jay the sordid backstory of the car he and his AMX Club buddies restored from the ground up. » Subscribe: http://bit.ly/JLGSubscribe » Visit the Official Site: http://bit.ly/JLGOfficialSite THE BEST OF JAY LENO'S GARAGE » Exclusive First Looks: http://bit.ly/JLGExclusives » Ultra Rare Supercars: http://bit.ly/JLGSupercars » Jay's Book Club: http://bit.ly/JLGBookClub JAY LENO'S GARAGE ON SOCIAL Follow Jay: http://Twitter.com/LenosGarage Like Jay: http://Facebook.com/JayLenosGarage ABOUT JAY LENO'S GARAGE A new video every Sunday! Visit Jay Leno's Garage, the Emmy-winning series where Jay Leno gives car reviews, motorcycle reviews, compares cars, and shares his passion and expertise on anything that rolls, explodes, and makes noise. Classic cars, restomods, super cars like the McLaren P1, sports cars like Porsche 918 Spyder and Camaro Z28, cafe racers, vintage cars, and much, much more. Subscribe for more: http://full.sc/JD4OF8 NBC ON SOCIAL: NBC YouTube: http://full.sc/MtLxIM NBC Facebook: http://facebook.com/NBC NBC Twitter: http://twitter.com/NBC NBC Google+: https://plus.google.com/+NBC/posts 1968 AMC Playmate of the Year AMX - Jay Leno's Garage https://youtu.be/YsQvxZbiiac Jay Leno's Garage http://www.youtube.com/user/jaylenosgarage


text:
Bridge Bidding
| |
Release Date: Christmas 1980
Bridge Bidding Cheats & Codes
| Cheats | Unlockables | Hints | Easter Eggs | Achievements
Be the first to submit a cheat for Bridge Bidding.
You must be Logged in to submit a cheat.
Game Details
Published by: Texas Instruments
Genre: Simulation
Release Date:
United States: Christmas 1980
Also Available On:
Games You May Like
- TI-99/4a
An action game published by Texas Instruments in 1980.


text:
Gas Laws
This tutorial site contains thirteen learning resources that discuss the behavior of gases. The type of material includes simulations, animations, tutorials, and problem solving items.
Material Type: Tutorial
Technical Format: Shockwave
Date Added to MERLOT: January 30, 2003
Date Modified in MERLOT: August 27, 2013
Submitter: Moustapha Diack
Reviewed by members of Editorial board for inclusion in MERLOT.Editor ReviewVery good quality; in queue to be peer reviewedavg:
- User Rating (not rated)
- Comments (none)
- Learning Exercises (none)
- Bookmark Collections (4)
- Course ePortfolios (none)
- Accessibility Info (none)
- Rate this material
- Create a learning exercise
- Add accessibility information
Pick a Bookmark Collection or Course ePortfolio to put this material in or scroll to the bottom to create a new Bookmark CollectionName the Bookmark Collection to represent the materials you will addDescribe the Bookmark Collection so other MERLOT users will know what it contains and if it has value for their work or teaching. Other users can copy your Bookmark Collection to their own profile and modify it to save time.Edit the information about the material in this {0}Submitting Bookmarks...Select this link to open drop down to add material Gas Laws to your Bookmark Collection or Course ePortfolioSelect this link to close drop down of your Bookmark Collection or Course ePortfolio for material Gas LawsSelect this link to open drop down to add material Gas Laws to your Bookmark Collection or Course ePortfolio
Primary Audience: Middle School, High School, College General Ed
Mobile Compatibility: Not specified at this time
Language: English
Cost Involved: no
Source Code Available: no
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Copyright: yes
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text:
Keyword Heavy Product Guides and Information in Kitchenwares Category
- Status Closed
- Budget $30 - $250 USD
- Total Bids 13
Project Description
We are an online kitchenwares retailer and we are about to launch our newly redesigned website which features product guides and additional information in a much more prominment way. Our old guides were compiled in-house and need to be re-done for the new website. We are looking to start with a few specific topics but this has the potential to be an ongoing project. Some basic data and facts will be provided but there will be no skeleton to use. Please see a sample of an existing guide:
[url removed, login to view]
**You must have specific and relevant experience in either the kitchenwares or the housewares industry. Please explain this when you bid.Get free quotes for a project like this
Skills Required
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- Set your budget and the timeframe
- Outline your proposal
- Get paid for your work
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text:
Carnauba Wax$19.00
Carnauba wax provides protection and nourishment for oiled and waxed timber and cork flooring, tiled floors and furniture. Carnauba wax is harvested from the leaves of the Brazilian Carnauba Palm. The thin wax film on the leaves is water-repellent in the rain period and protects them from drying out in the sun. Nature created a very tough substance to withstand these extremes. To maintain the natural properties of a wood flooring, it is important to use a breathable product such as Carnauba Wax Emulsion. Carnauba Wax Emulsion applied purely gives additional protection against wear, dirt and water and is recommended for surfaces that were treated with Unearthed Hardwax oil.
Carnauba Wax can either be used pure an additional layer of protection on wood flooring, or a few tablespoons can be added to the water you mop your floor with for regular floor care. Applied purely as an extra layer of protection for your floors, this bottle yields about 650 - 750 square feet.
- Water
- Carnauba wax
- Emulsifier based on natural fatty acid
- Sold in 1 liter bottles
- Coverage-1 liter covers 650-750 feet
Please click here to download the detailed product description and application guide.


text:
More Videos...
I.M.C.A Sport Compact Build #3
This is my first year of racing. I will be racing IMCA Sport Compact class at Minneapolis Kansas I will be posting step by step videos of what it takes to get a Sport Compact built and to hopefully to the track Weekly Blogs on how racing went in the pits.This is not just a Sport Compact Channel. If you're a fan of Minneapolis Raceway There is something for everyone. Hit the SUBCRIBE button and hold on. Minneapolis Raceway http://www.minneapolisraceway.com/ IMCA Sport Compact Rules http://www.imca.com/rules.php?divisionid=14 Hometown Tire&Turf http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_jrayUoBsmc
Race Car being built
Marrant Racing project for Kyle Shaw
my race car running in the garage, 2.2 ohv cavalier
my race car running in the garage, 2.2 ohv cavalier
Building a Dirt Track Mini Stock Race Car Carlos "Wrong Way" Aponte 2009 Timelapse
Carlos "Wrong Way" Aponte and crew builds a 2009 Mini Stock Race Car


text:
Under This Blazing Light
By (author) Amos Oz
Translated by Nicholas de Lange
Format: Hardback
Normal Price: $135.04
Your Price: $121.54 AUD, inc. GST
Shipping: $7.95 per order
You Save: $13.50! (10% off normal price)
Plus...earn $6.08 in Boomerang Bucks
Availability: Available, ships in 8-11 days
Under This Blazing Light by Amos Oz
Book DescriptionThis collection - published here in English for the first time - brings together a number of political, personal and literary pieces by Israel's most celebrated novelist and litterateur. Topics covered include: an examination of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict as a dispute between 'right and right'; reflections on the character of Zionism, on the concept of 'homeland', and on the nature of the kibbutz; the meaning of socialism in the Israeli context; and portraits of several Jewish writers and thinkers whose ideas and themes in one way or another have proved influential or determinative for Amos Oz himself. These essays, which put a unique perspective on the author's own experiences and development, reveal a complex and humane figure of practical political influence as well as of significant literary stature. They will win for Oz new readers, while delighting those who will recognise here the qualities evident in his other writings.
Buy Under This Blazing Light book by Amos Oz from Australia's Online Bookstore, Boomerang Books.
Book DetailsISBN: 9780521443678
(216mm x 138mm x 16mm)
Pages: 220
Imprint: Cambridge University Press
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Publish Date: 9-Mar-1995
Country of Publication: United Kingdom
Other Editions...
Books By Author Amos Oz
Judas, Paperback (June 2017)
Shmuel, a young, idealistic student, is drawn to a mysterious handwritten note on a campus noticeboard. This takes him to a strange house, where an elderly invalid man requires a paid companion, to argue with and read to him. But there is someone else in the house, too...
Gender Medicine, Hardback (September 2016)
The groundbreaking call for reform, challenging the dangerous assumption that male and female patients can be effectively treated in the same way.
Elsewhere, Perhaps, Paperback (September 2016)
The Kibbutz of Metsudat Ram lies in the valley of Jordan. The settlers go about their lives as the artillery rumbles in the distance. Among them are Reuven, the school teacher, his teenaged daughter, Noga, and Ezra, the truck-driver. As the seasons pass, so too do conflict and misunderstanding - all threatening to tear apart the community.
Soumchi, Paperback (September 2016)» View all books by Amos Oz
When Soumchi, an eleven-year-old boy growing up in British-occupied Jerusalem just after World War II, receives a bicycle as a gift from his Uncle, he is overjoyed - even if it is a girl's bicycle. Ignoring the taunts of other boys in his neighborhood, he dreams of riding far away from them, out of the city towards the heart of Africa.
US Kirkus Review » Adapted from articles, interviews, and lectures from the 1960s and '70s, this is a provocative collection on Israeli society by one of the country's foremost novelists. In his lyrical prose, Oz (Fima, 1993, etc.) ponders such issues as Jewish identity, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and the concept of a Zionist homeland. In his lengthy 1967 piece on "the meaning of homeland," Oz defines a Jew as anyone who publicly acknowledges his or her Jewishness. Religious law alone, Oz contends, should not be the defining factor. A Jew, he argues, is someone who relates to the Jewish past and shares the fate of the Jewish present - whether voluntarily or by force. Oz perceives the annihilation of European Jewry as "the logical outcome of the ancient status of the Jew in Western civilization." For thousands of years, he writes, the Diaspora Jew was "an archetype in the dungeons of the Christian soul," making Auschwitz, not assimilation, the Jew's inevitable destiny. Zionism, Oz argues, is the sole option for a Jew who does not wish to exist merely as a "symbol in the consciousness" of strangers. And since the ancestral homeland of Israel has remained in the hearts and prayers of Jews for millennia, it was the logical locus of their quest for normalcy. Since Oz is not religious, however, his Zionism is more complex. He writes, "I am a Zionist in all that concerns the redemption of the Jews, but not when it comes to the 'redemption of the Holy Land.' " He sees the Palestinian conflict as a struggle of "right and right" between two peoples with valid historical claims and grievances. He abhors the tendency of the Israeli right wing to deny the Palestinians' legitimacy, and he provides insights into Arab fears of the "Satanic power of Zionism." Whether these musings touch upon the kibbutz, Israeli literature, or his early years in Jerusalem, Oz captivates the reader with his elegantly poetic voice. (Kirkus Reviews)
» Have you read this book? We'd like to know what you think about it - write a review about Under This Blazing Light book by Amos Oz and you'll earn 50c in Boomerang Bucks loyalty dollars (you must be a member - it's free to sign up!)
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text:
App for Iphone and Android
- Status Closed
- Budget $750 - $1500 USD
- Total Bids 56
Project Description
Our company needs an app created for Iphones and Android mobiles.
I will be sending full documented description and RFP to the chosen candidates only.
The App is inspired by the Local App below, but still has its unique features:
[url removed, login to view],2817,2406660,[url removed, login to view]
when bidding, please advise the following:
1) why I should choose you
2) your experience
3) estimated price
ThanksGet free quotes for a project like this
Skills Required
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Contact Us
Your personal information is for our Dental Office only and will be used solely to contact you. We will not give away or sell your information to anyone. See our Privacy Policy for more information.
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With Instructables you can share what you make with the world, and tap into an ever-growing community of creative experts.
Hi guy!This is my first simple tutorial, and I'll show you a simple way to open a 9v battery..(ciao ragazzi questo e il mio primo semplice tutorial, e ...
the material..(il materiale)
what are inside a 9v battery?6 little battery..(che c'e dentro una batteria da 9v?6 piccole batterie..)
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