text:
By Gregg Bell, AP Sports Writer
KIRKLAND, Wash. The biggest issue right now with Shaun Alexander's sprained wrist is a simple matter of black or white.
The Seahawks' star running back will continue to wear a cast over his left wrist indefinitely, including while starting on Sunday against Cincinnati. But coach Mike Holmgren is trying to get him to change the device's look.
"I'm arguing about the color. I'd like him to have it black. He wants it white. So we're still debating that," Holmgren said, chuckling after Alexander wore a black, padded cast Friday as he has all week.
"I think it looks cooler. You have to look cool out there."
In last Sunday's game at Arizona, Alexander had 70 yards and a touchdown on 18 carries while playing with the cast for the first time. But it was white, and a far more bulbous target and potential hindrance than the smaller cast he's been wearing in practices since he injured the wrist during a win over Tampa Bay on Sept. 9.
"I'm feeling a lot better," Alexander said this week while preparing to face the team he followed growing up in Florence, Ky., just across the Ohio River from Cincinnati. "It has been a good, healthy week for me."
Alexander's mother, father and grandmother have flown from Kentucky to Seattle to attend the game.
"It's special for me," the 30-year-old Alexander said, who grew up idolizing former Bengals running back Ickey Woods and doing Woods' once-famous touchdown dance.
When asked if he'd do the "Ickey Shuffle" if he scores Sunday, Alexander said, "I doubt it. I don't want to insult anybody - not unless it was like my 100th touchdown or something."
Alexander has 98 rushing TDs in his career.
Holmgren said no one from the team's medical staff has told him how long Alexander will have to wear the cast. In the meantime, trainers are refining the fit and size of the device daily.
"I think they're doing what they feel they have to do to protect it, plain and simple, and make it as less cumbersome as possible," Holmgren said.
Last season, Alexander played the first three games on a severely bruised foot that eventually cracked and caused him to miss six games - the first injury of his career that caused him to miss a game.
He finished with 896 yards rushing during the regular season, the first time since becoming Seattle's feature back in 2001 that he did not have a 1,000-yard season.
Notes: Starting WR D.J. Hackett will miss his second consecutive game with a high ankle sprain, and Holmgren said it could be another month before he returns. Nate Burleson will again start for him. ... Starting OLB Leroy Hill has practiced all week and will play Sunday after missing last week's game due to a foot injury. Holmgren said Kevin Bentley, Hill's replacement last week, has nerve pain in his back and it will be a game-time decision Sunday whether he plays. ... Alexander's backup, Maurice Morris (hip), missed another practice and is doubtful to play Sunday. Reserve WR Ben Obomanu (hamstring) also missed practice again and is listed as doubtful, though Holmgren declared him out. The coach thinks Morris and Obomanu should be available for next week's game at San Francisco. ... Reserve TE Ben Joppru (ankle) is also out for the Bengals game.
The Associated Press


text:
Fortin Fitness Center
Exercise Classes
Fortin Family Fitness Center is located on the lower level of the Fortin Education Center at Rocky Mountain College. The front desk can be reached at 406.657.1035.
Both members and non-members may participate in exercise classes. Upon arrival, members must present membership cards at the front desk and sign in, and non-members must pay a $5.00 fee per day.
Building Hours
- Monday-Friday: 6:00 a.m. - 10:00 p.m.
- Saturday: 8:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m.
- Sunday: 12:00 - 5:00 p.m.
- RMC Students/Staff/Faculty - Free
- Club Rocky members - Free
- Guests - $5.00 per visit
- All classes are included in the $5.00 per visit fee.
RMC Fortin Staff are available to help you with all your questions and registration needs.
Rocky Mountain College
406.657.1045 or 1.800.877.6259
Fall and Winter Schedule
Water Aerobics
Instructor: Cindy Thompson
Water Wellness
Therapeutic Swim
Step Aerobics
Location: Dance Room
Location: Dance Room
New classes (beginning January 16, 2017)
Les Mills Body Pump 4:30 - 5:30 p.m. Monday, Wednesday
Les Mills CXWorx 4:30 - 5:30 p.m. Tuesday, Thursday
Les Mills Body Jam 4:30-5:30 p.m Fridays only
Better Body Workout
Location: Small Gym
Tone and Stretch
Location: Small Gym
Location: Small Gym
Resistance Training
Location: Dance Room
Method Mat Pilates/Weights
Swimming Pool Hours
Lap Swimming
Monday-Friday: 6:00 - 7:30 a.m.
Open Swim
Monday: 7:00 - 9:00 p.m.
Children's Swim Lessons
Tuesday/Thursday evenings 7:00-7:45 p.m.
October 4, 6, 11, 13, 18, 25, 27 $58
To register, please call 406.657.1035

subset: commoncrawl


text:
This item from Judy's Lovelies is now in the Shop Backroom.
More from Judy's Lovelies
Vintage Glass Refrigerator Dish w/Lid, PYREX, Pink
Remember When! I will admit I still like storing food in glass rather than plastic or foil. This is a small size refrigerator dish which was originally red on the outside. With use and wear, the outside finish is now pink. The lid is clear with ridges and marked PYREX. The bottom has 501 TradeMark 55 PYREX Made in the USA Oven Ware. The dish with lid measures 4" x 3 1/2" x 3". Both the dish and cover are in good condition except the wear to the original finish.
If you were the pending buyer of this item, go to My Account to view, track and check payment for this item.
Judy's Lovelies
Judith McAllister, Greenville, TX
Variety: Of Antiques & Collectibles. Pottery, China,- Pottery. Tins, Boxes, Paintings, Prints
Warmer weather brings us many of our favorite things: birds, flowers, butterflies_ positive signs that spring is near.


text:
Knock Knock Knock
Cavewife it's me Caveson we need to talk
CAVEMOM threw me out I need a place to stay
CAVEWIFE - If you think you are going to move
back in and lounge around in your robe drinking
beer and playing scratch off lottery tickets. You
are crazy.
Those weren't my words I spoke
They came from somewhere else
I was speaking like my father
Afraid to show I cared
All those things he taught me
Are all I should forget
His manly words of wisdom
Haven't helped me yet
I'm selfish when I say
I hurt myself the most
Well it is time for bed you can sleep
on the couch
until you find a place.
Your confession and expression of
love is very nice and I'm sure sincere.
But I'm afraid it came too late. I've been
seeing a musician
It's nothing serious just a few dates.
I understand Cavemoms wisdom now
She backed me into a corner where I had to
express myself I may have lost CAVEWIFE but
I've grown spirtually and emotionally. I have also
just plain grown up. Thank You Cavemom
© Copyright 2017 Marathongman. All rights reserved.
Status: Finished
Genre: Humor
And so the saga continues with a new philosphy on life, a new found spirituality and yet he's lost the wife.
Piano man hey? Does he do the blues?
Excellent!!! Love that you are introducing new characters.
And yes emotions boy do they make the world go around. Oooh pianoman. Is that like a Billy Joel song. Is that cave wife's favorite song? lol Great piece.
Take Care,
the plot thickens!! S
Short Story / Romance
Short Story / Romance
Short Story / Romance
Paste the link to picture in the entry below:
Paste the link to Youtube video in the following entry:
Cannot annotate a non-flat selection. Make sure your selection starts and ends within the same node.
An annotation cannot contain another annotation.
There was an error uploading your file.


text:
Playtime For A Different Kind Of Vinyl Fan
Is your vinyl collection more Munny than Mudhoney, more Kid Robot than Kid A? Do you relish the thought of tearing through generic boxes (and your checking account) in hopes of a one-in-a-million variant? Then this, vinyl toy aficionado, is your holy grail: the Vinyl Thoughts Art Show from 7 to 11 p.m. Thursday at The Quixotic World, 2824 Main St. The most custom of custom vinyl toys will be created by artists under the "Free 4 All" theme — toymakers can do whatever they darn well please, giving you access to one-of-a-kind pieces for your collection. Curators Shelby Miller and Cody Phillips have handpicked a stellar band of artists to customize all those coveted vinyl figures, including graffiti buff Marianne Romanidis, spooky Allan Armenta, whimsical monster-maker Valerie G and flash-art influenced Scott Kinnebrew. All pieces will be on display and on sale for one night only, no tickets or admission fee required. Visit vinylthoughtsartshow.com.
Thu., Sept. 12, 2013
Related Location
2824 Main St.
Dallas, TX 75226
Get the Things to Do Newsletter
Sign up for our weekly guide to events in Dallas, and never be bored again. With suggestions for every day of the week, our recommendations will keep you busy on any budget.
Upcoming Events
University of North Texas Mean Green Mens Basketball vs. Louisiana Tech Bulldogs Mens Basketball
TicketsThu., Feb. 23, 7:00pm
Bon Jovi
TicketsThu., Feb. 23, 7:30pm
Texas Revolution
TicketsFri., Feb. 24, 7:00pm
Monster Energy Outbreak Pres. The Cadillac Three: The Black Roses Tour
TicketsFri., Feb. 24, 7:00pm
Sponsor Content


text:
How can we help?
Here at IF creative we don't believe in one off projects and a farewell handshake, we believe in creating long lasting relationships with all of our clients to ensure the project thrives from the very beginning.
We are full service design agency based in Lincoln.
As an agency we focus on graphic design, print, marketing, digital, web design and everything in between. We like to form partnerships with all our clients. This approach means we take the time to get to know you and your business, tailoring our service to your specific needs so we can gain a better return on investment for you.
We pride ourselves on being different and creating visually engaging designs that are impossible to ignore.
Our team of thoughtful, warm hearted and all-round friendly people offers innovative and effective creative design. This is the core of our service; beautiful designs created by friendly people.


text:
Coconut Shrimp Curry
|Unpeeled fresh shrimp
|3 Pound (Fresh Ones)
|Chopped onion
|1 Cup (16 tbs)
|1⁄4 Cup (4 tbs), melted
|Minced jalapeno
|1⁄4 Cup (4 tbs)
|Peeled minced ginger
|2 Tablespoon
|Minced garlic
|1 Teaspoon
|Curry powder
|2 Tablespoon
|Coconut milk
|14 Ounce (1 Can)
|1⁄4 Teaspoon
|Ground white pepper
|1⁄4 Teaspoon
|Cooked long grain rice
|3 Cup (48 tbs)
|Chopped green onions
|1⁄4 Cup (4 tbs)
|Minced fresh parsley
|2 Tablespoon
Peel and devein shrimp; set aside.
Saute onion in margarine in a large nonstick skillet over medium-high heat until tender.
Stir in jalapeno pepper, gingerroot, and garlic; saute 2 minutes.
Add curry powder; saute 2 minutes.
Add coconut milk; bring to a boil.
Reduce heat, and simmer 3 minutes or until slightly thickened, stirring frequently.
Stir in salt and white pepper.
Add shrimp; bring to a boil.
Reduce heat, and simmer 5 minutes or until shrimp turn pink.
Place rice on a serving platter; spoon shrimp mixture over rice.
Sprinkle with green onions and parsley.
Rate It
Nutrition Rank
Nutrition Facts
Serving size: Complete recipe
Calories 3499 Calories from Fat 1472
% Daily Value*
Total Fat 171 g263.1%
Saturated Fat 97.9 g489.5%
Trans Fat 0 g
Cholesterol 2068.3 mg689.4%
Sodium 2642.6 mg110.1%
Total Carbohydrates 191 g63.6%
Dietary Fiber 34.6 g138.6%
Sugars 23.9 g
Protein 307 g613.5%
Vitamin A 188.3% Vitamin C 224.3%
Calcium 104.5% Iron 288.8%
*Based on a 2000 Calorie diet


text:
by Duncan Larkin, Published Jun. 30, 2011
The organization has been without an official leader since last September.
by Mario Fraioli, Published Sep. 28, 2010
Intervention might be necessary if governing body's board tries to pull a fast one.
Start your FREE subscription to Competitor Digital today!
Get our monthly digital magazine, weekly running content & exclusive offers delivered to your inbox.
© 2014 Competitor Group Inc. All Rights Reserved


text:
A lot of good arguments are spoiled by some fool who knows what he is talking about.
Exposing privileged APIs to web content
This is a discussion on the challenges we face in exposing privileged APIs to web content and a proposal for exposing such APIs to web pages by mitigating the risks inherent in doing so.
Privileged APIs, in terms of a rough definition, include things such as access to a user's web cam, geolocation, desktop notifications, access to anything that a user considers sensitive data (e.g. a native address book) or, looking to the future, any API that would allow web content to access system-level functionality. Exposing these APIs is a problem we already have today. Anything that has the potential to leak any type of information considered sensitive to the user or data that would allow third-parties to fingerprint the user or their device or a myriad of other issues is covered under the umbrella of this term.
Let's jump right in to the problem.
Say we wanted to offer a brand new shiny API to web pages that allows them to e.g. code to raw sockets. I add some JavaScript to my web page to interact with the Acme Raw Sockets API as follows:
var socket = new UDPSocket('udp4');
socket.listen(10001); // open a listening socket on port 10001
socket.addEventListener('message', function(data) {
socket.send(data.address, data.port, data.message); // echo message back
Based on current web security policy, providing e.g. a raw sockets API to web pages in this way is simply not possible. If we were to allow web pages to interact with raw sockets like this then we would be compromising the sandbox that web browsers have carefully constructed to protect its users.
The web, by its very nature, is an insecure and untrusted environment for content. That fact runs counter to the objective of exposing powerful but sensitive APIs to web content. If I called the Acme Raw Sockets API from a web page today and my browser implemented such an API, I should expect to have a Security Violation exception thrown back on line 1.
The only solution we implement today that we could hook in to for obtaining permission to access the Acme Raw Sockets API from a web page would be to prompt the user when that web page tried to access any privileged feature.
Prompting for each feature on a case-by-case basis doesn't scale well and can quickly become disruptive for a user's workflow:
Thus, the problem here is how I could enable my web page to interact with the Acme Raw Sockets API and other privileged APIs without compromising the sandbox the web page has been given by the web browser and, also, without having to resort to the case-by-case prompting situation we have today – a solution that doesn't even begin to solve the underlying issues with exposing privileged APIs to web content in the first place.
To get to the bottom of this issue, this article will first explore the general risks in exposing such privileged APIs to web pages and go on to propose a solution to mitigating the general risks identified.
The inherent risks in exposing privileged APIs to web content
Let's say, for arguments sake, that I do have full access to the UDPSocket object directly on the DOM of a standard web page. If I do have access to this API, where do the security risks lie in this scenario?
For the majority of privileged APIs the problem lies in the fact that a web page could be surreptitiously phoning my private and sensitive content from my device back to some 3rd party server. Even if I'm prompted on a case-by-case basis to enable specific APIs, providing access to these privileged APIs would not resolve this fundamental issue.
If we could reduce the ability for a web page to do this, we in turn could reduce the attack surface considerably. Essentially, by reducing or eliminating a web pages ability to access the Internet we could significantly reduce and/or eliminate the attack surface for the page to maliciously use the data we deliver to it.
Packaged Web Applications emulate bad current practice
Current proposals revolve around separating content from the general web and packaging up that content in to 'applications'.
This approach does intrinsically enforce the environment we identified above: Internet access is, by default, revoked from a package since it no longer belongs to any particular domain origin. If a packaged web application needs to access any Internet servers it needs to explicitly request the specific URLs it requires access to in the outside world.
While packaging web applications generally works as a format for delivering privileged APIs to content it eschews the web ecosystem as we know it today. Web application packaging resorts to splicing web content in to standalone packages. It is a mechanism that emulates failure from existing application paradigms and foregoes the fundamental features of the web that made the web so successful in the first place (tl;dr: app discoverability and content discoverability is built in to the web via URLs).
What's more, packaging web applications creates information silos and enforces proprietary App Store models to take root. This is a bad model for the web as an open ecosystem.
So let's look at other mechanisms here. Let's look at a proposal that treats existing web content as first-class code and simply builds on top of what web developers do already today…
Working towards exposing the Acme Raw Sockets API to web pages
If a web page doesn't have access to the Internet at all, ever, then it is not going to be of much use to the user. Web pages do initially need some web access to load all the necessary resources it references – things like images, scripts and stylesheets – and those same web pages will often update their resources depending on whatever features the developers have decided to add or remove on any given day.
Removing network access on load is therefore not a viable option. The web would simply cease to work. A web page could fully cache all the resources it required at runtime in the web browser but such procedures still initially need network access to work. While it is entirely feasible that the web page could cache its required resources it shouldn't be a necessary burden on developers to have to cache everything before they can gain access to privileged APIs. This article is an exploration of an idea that reduces the concepts of caching and privileged API access in to orthogonal and complimentary issues.
What if we started to think about web pages in terms of their initialization lifecycle? How could network access – the primary attack vector identified above – be revoked without breaking any existing web content? The current initialization states of a web page are exposed to web pages right now via the document.readyState attribute. The initialization states (or in specification terms, the current document readiness) of a web page is currently defined as follows:
loading -> interactive -> complete
By the time we reach the complete state all assets of the web page have been loaded and the web page has now been fully rendered and is functional. Along the way, each initialization state has triggered the web browser to do some specific setup procedures.
When I load a web page I will eventually be presented with the following rendering once the browser transitions the current document readiness to complete:
Now that the web page has reached the complete state let's now forcibly remove my machine's internet access. I'm going to simply yank the Internet cable out. Here is how my web page looks now:
No change from the connected state.
So now, if I were able to use the Acme Raw Sockets API in this state then I wouldn't have too much problem trusting that the web page was not operating maliciously. In this state the page cannot 'phone out' to remote servers and the sandbox in which my web page runs is still being enforced by the web browser with one important additional restriction having been placed on it (i.e. it now has no network access capability).
What if we could induce this environment without having to forcibly remove the network cable each time? Imagine if, as we recreate those conditions, I could catch that my page has entered some higher state of current document readiness and the initialization lifecycle instead looked like this:
loading -> interactive -> complete -> installed
A web page may or may not reach the installed state and reaching this state implies that the user has taken some action to install that web page via their web browser's chrome. Once the user triggers that install then the web browser preps the environment to be safe for access to privileged APIs. Specifically, when the browser transitions the web page's document.readyState to installed the following conditions would be enforced by the web browser for the current web page:
- Immediately suspend all Browser Extensions and, if applicable, UserJS from interacting with the current web page.
- Remove the Security Violation Exceptions from the Privileged APIs that have been requested and approved during the Installation process (see 'Requesting Privileged API Access' below).
- Enforce X-Frame-Options for the current web page with a value set to deny. This avoids the web page from being rendered in an
<iframe>element from any other web page which would otherwise pose a security risk.
- Ensure any API calls from other web pages that expect a WindowProxy return value actually receive an empty object. This prevents code injection to the installed web page and prevents other web pages being able to set up e.g. messaging channels for export of data from the installed execution environment.
- Enforce a blanket Network Proxy for the current web page with an initial configuration of deny all. Additional rules can only be added to this configuration based on URLs, if any, that have been requested in the Installation process (see 'Requesting Privileged URL Access' below).
- If/when the current installed web page now attempts to navigate to or open another web page programmatically (via e.g. window.open or window.location) or the user invokes a URL in the interface that points outside of the current web page (e.g. via an
<a>element) then the web browser must specifically display the desired URL being requested to the user and obtain opt-in permission from them before navigating to that URL. This is akin to 'going back online' and prevents an installed web page from exporting data from privileged APIs towards other web pages without the user's permission.
Let's look at the current web page again after this process has completed (after an installed readystatechange event has been fired):
Again, no change.
The web browser has effectively created the conditions we'd have if we had unplugged the network cable without having needed to physically unplug it ourselves.
In this environment and according to the steps discussed above we are now also providing sandboxed privileged API access to the web page. If I included the following JavaScript somewhere in my web page then I would expect to be able to use the Acme Raw Socket API to its full extent:
document.addEventListener('readystatechange', function(evt) {
if(document.readyState == 'installed') {
var socket = new UDPSocket('udp4');
socket.addEventListener('message', function(data) {
socket.send(data.address, data.port, data.message);
// ... do some more installed app initialization stuff here
And how does the web page look in this state you ask? As follows:
It looks the same as before. Only this time we've run a bit of code in the installed readystatechange event handler function to replace a bit of the text on our web page to indicate success.
Dynamically loading app-only resources during installation
The current proposal discussed above allows us to transition the current web page to an installed state that provides a good baseline sandbox in which we can begin to expose privileged APIs.
If we introduce a transitional current document readiness state between complete and installed then we could use this transitional state to load any resources we may require in app-only mode in to our web page.
The initialization states for our web page will, thus, look as follows:
loading -> interactive -> complete -> installing -> installed
The installing state does not have any of the limitations imposed once the web page transitions to installed. No network restrictions have yet been applied at this stage and resources can be downloaded as required during this state.
Having this model lets us load any resources we need by catching a transition in to the installing state as follows:
document.addEventListener('readystatechange', function(evt) {
if(document.readyState == 'installing') {
// Dynamically load some JS/CSS/Image/etc resources
// from the network for our app here
Having this intermediate transition states allows us to e.g. employ a landing web page with a minimum set of assets and then, once the user chooses to install the web page, we can import all the application logic and other assets required in to the web page before we reach and start executing the sandboxed installed state logic.
Requesting Privileged API Access
So to take things one step further, a web page is unlikely to need every privileged API provided by a web browser. If we were to offer a set of APIs similar to those available in the Browser Extensions environment it would be unnecessary and unwise for us to grant all web pages access to all privileged APIs all of the time.
Instead, we would prefer a mechanism that allowed web pages to request Privileged APIs on an as-needed basis.
This describes, more or less, one of the purposes of the Web Application Manifest format currently under discussion at the W3C.
I could include the permissions my web page requires in my socketapp.json manifest file:
// ...socketapp.json content...
"permissions": {
"acmerawsockets": {
"description": "We need this to setup a listening UDP socket"
// etc
// ...socketapp.json content...
Then I could attach this manifest file to my web page as follows:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html appconfig="/socketapp.json">
<title>My Awesome Application</title>
We now have a way for browsers to know what privileged APIs the web page would like to use and the web browser can present this information for review by the user before any kind of installation is triggered in the web browser.
In this way we prevent the web page from accessing all privileged APIs unnecessarily when it only actually needs, and is using, only one of them: the Acme Raw Sockets API.
Progressive enhancement of web pages
There is one key aspect to this proposal that I want to highlight further here:
A manifest file attached to a web page only refers to that web page.
The manifest file should not apply to the whole domain on which the web page happens to be provided and it should not mean other web pages can adopt the same permissions without going through the same installation process. Different web pages may point to the same manifest file but authorization is only provided on a page-by-page basis.
Why? Because this allows us to do a number of key things:
- We get to progressively enhance the capabilities of the current page without having to reload the content or open a new URL. The standard initialization process is applied to the web page and all of its associated resources are loaded before we elevate the page to its fifth state: installed. If a user 'installs' a web page in their web browser during web page execution then we don't need to reload the whole page to begin using the privileged APIs.
- We get to check for the existence of privileged APIs on the current web page's DOM before we have necessarily been provided access to use them yet (e.g. we can check whether there is a window.UDPSocket object available before we have access to it and respond to that accordingly e.g. redirect the user to a failure page if a window.UDPSocket object isn't detected on the current page).
- We don't need to implicitly trust a whole domain. Trusting the whole domain is a form of feature creep and introduces additional unnecessary security risks for the user when browsing through different parts of that domain at a later time. There is no written rule on the web that all pages on a domain have been created by the same developer so we isolate only the current web page.
- We encourage rich web applications to be written as single pages that generally act to improve the responsiveness and experience for end users.
Requesting Privileged URL Access
Any Raw Sockets API would be severely limited if it only worked on the local machine and without any network access capability. There are a number of use cases for setting up a socket for listening only on a local port but what if we want to e.g. send and receive data over this socket with 3rd parties?
Enter, URL access restrictions.
Above I described how the default network policy for web pages in the installed state is set to deny all.
If a web page wants to send data to a given address it could specify the hosts it would like to interact with in its manifest file as follows:
// ...socketapp.json content...
"origins": [
/* etc*/
// ...socketapp.json content...
Because the web page is required to be explicit on the URLs that it would like to connect with, the web browser is able to display the list of URLs that the web page will connect with to the user during the installation process.
This in and of itself does not eliminate the ability for a web page to be malicious but there are a number of things we can do to reduce the likelihood that a web page can do something malicious without the user knowing about it.
Specifically, we could bubble a safe browsing metric to the user during the installation procedure. By including a trust indicator in the installation process such as Web of Trust or McAfee SiteAdvisor we can give users an indication of the trustworthy-ness of the web page's current domain and thus, an indication of whether installing the current web page would be a good idea or not.
Secondary to that, we could enable transparent logging at the web browser level of all data sent and received by the web page while it is operating in an installed state. While of little use to the average user, more technical users would be able to analyse these logs and the data being sent and received to the network by the current web page. When tied in to the safe browsing metric idea above, these users would then be able to report unethical or unsafe practices back to the safe browsing authorities who in turn would update their warnings to users for use during future installation procedures (and potentially, to warn users when they revisit a previously installed web page that has since received a change in trust status).
Additional security considerations
On top of the mechanisms presented here, there are additional aspects of security that we should address in order to protect data obtained by 'installed' web pages.
Let's assume that a web application, operating in an installed state, decides to store data it has received in to localStorage:
localStorage.setItem('useremail', 'firstname.lastname@example.com');
Web pages may try to store something when operating in an installed state and then try to sneakily read that data back on e.g. a page reload, before that page has been elevated to installed status once again.
To counter this risk, web browser should enforce that if a web page is operating in a current document readiness state that is not installed then a read of a key previously written while in an installed state should be prohibited and result in a standard Security Violation exception being thrown to the caller.
// 'email' will be undefined unless the current web
// page is in a document.readyState == 'installed' state
var email = localStorage.getItem('useremail');
The same security principle (i.e. no read access to any storage objects written while in the installed mode) would be applied to both sessionStorage and document.cookie attributes also.
This means we don't need separate storage locations for web pages operating in an installed mode but does maintains a clear long-term storage boundary between pages installed and those that are not.
Given the current state-of-the-art this proposal is intended to present a way in which web browsers could bring more powerful APIs to the web platform without breaking existing web content, allowing developers to build richer experiences on top of existing web content, without requiring a separate run-time environment for that content and without requiring web developers to rewrite their web applications to operate specifically in other modalities (e.g. chromeless or packaged modalities).
This proposal is decoupled from caching mechanisms currently under discussion (such as NavigationController). The more nuanced explanation here is that this proposal actually decouples the concepts of 'offline' and 'cached' from each other. A web page can be 'offline' if I yank the network cable out once all the page's resources have been fully loaded. A 'cache' mechanism is useful if that web page needs to be loaded and that network cable is unplugged during that load process only.
A mechanism that allows web pages to access privileged APIs is sorely needed for existing web pages. Having such a mechanism would avoid us emulating failure by taking the Packaged Applications route as the only mechanism for using privileged APIs. Hopefully we don't stay only on that road.
Video:OLED demo in COEX Mall, Seoul
This video took me by surprise a little :) The future of screen technology seems to be just around the corner.
Photo: Changdeokgung Palace, Seoul
The Web of Things
You can view the latest published version of the specification @ http://www.w3.org/TR/discovery-api/.
All work on this specification happens in the W3C Device APIs Working Group. If you would like to be involved in the process of creating this specification then you can subscribe to the W3C Device APIs mailing list and mail in your comments.
Opera have released a prototype of the Network Service Discovery API (according to the 4th October 2012 draft version of the specification). Head over to the Opera Developer Relations blog post to download this build for Mac, Windows and/or Linux and for further details on getting the provided demos up and running.
I also took the liberty of creating a JavaScript-based UPnP connection library that I have called plug.play.js. This library is open-source and has been released with an MIT license. Plug.play.js is fully forkable on Github.
All feedback is welcome!
Bukchon Village, Seoul
It is not because things are difficult that we do not dare, it is because we do not dare that things are difficult
You can clone this repo as follows:
git clone email@example.com:richtr/guessLanguage.js.git
You can use this library in a web page as follows:
<script src="lib/_languageData.js"></script>
<script src="lib/guessLanguage.js"></script>
guessLanguage.detect('...input text here...', function(language) {
console.log('Detected language of provided text is [' + language + ']');
You can use this library in a Node.js project. This library is available as an npm package:
sudo npm install -g guesslanguage
Using this library in a Node.js project can be done as follows:
var guessLanguage = require('./lib/guessLanguage');
guessLanguage.detect('...input text here...', function(language) {
console.log('Detected language of provided text is [' + language + ']');


text:
Welcome to Parkway Inn Jacksonville
Weekly Special Extended Rate + Tax and also Kitchenette rooms available.!
Welcome to the clean, comfortable and affordable Parkway Inn Jacksonville, a great place to stay with extended stay specials and kitchenette rooms available. Our location is ideal for many kinds of travelers. We're convenient to both Jacksonville and Orange Park.
Make us your first choice of Jacksonville, Florida hotels when you're in town to visit the many attractions and points of interest downtown or Jacksonville Municipal Stadium, just 20 minutes from our hotel. We're also pleased to be located just 30 minutes from Jacksonville International Airport.
Additionally, we're moments away from Naval Air Station Jacksonville, busy and popular Orange Park Mall, the Prime F. Osborn III Convention Center and the Country Club of Orange Park. Plus, there are shops, restaurants and cocktail lounges within 2 miles of the hotel. We have our own restaurant and lounge as well.
Amenities designed to enhance your stay include free wifi, free local calls, an outdoor picnic area and pool and, of course, our full-service conference center for your events. We can handle events from 640 square feet to 3,000 square feet with ease.
Why not stay with us and experience the Parkway Inn difference? You'll know you're in the right place from the moment you arrive.
Business Travel
Looking for hotels in Orange Park, FL that are appropriate for business travelers? We're here for you at Parkway Inn, you best choice of JAX Airport hotels and conference center hotels in Jacksonville, FL. We're also a smart choice if you're in town on business and need to stay a while. Other weekly stay hotel in Jacksonville, FL may skimp on service and amenities, but we offer you more here – and our friendly staff adds to the pleasant experience. Why not book your room with us now? You'll soon see what sets the Parkway Inn apart from all others. And you'll see why people come back to us again and again.
Family Travel
We're a smart choice for family travel because we strive to offer an experience here that anyone can enjoy. We strive to be a hotel Orange Park, Florida can be proud to offer to travelers of all types. Whether you're looking for hotels near Jacksonville International Airport for your complete convenience, want to know your choices in hotels near Jacksonville Municipal Stadium or simply need a great place to stay while exploring the whole area, we're here for you. And there are no more affordable hotels near downtown Jacksonville, FL for the whole family. Book a room with us, and you can be certain every member of your family will feel great about staying here.
Affordable Hotel Stay
Make the Parkway Inn your first choice for an affordable hotel stay and a comfortable Orange Park, FL hotel. Whether you're looking for extended stay hotels near Jacksonville Airport or perhaps hotels for just a night or two that still offer great rates, we're here for you and your traveling companions at Parkway Inn. No hotel is more committed to excellent service, nice amenities, clean rooms and affordable rates than we are at the Parkway Inn. Make us your first choice no matter why you're in the area and you won't regret it. Like so many others every day, you're sure to be completely satisfied.
Best Hotel Deal
With an array of nice amenities like free wifi, a pool and 24-hour front desk service, we're here for you with a great overall deal when you choose Parkway Inn. And we're not just a great place to stay. We have meeting and event facilities and are an excellent choice when you need a banquet hotel near Jacksonville Airport – or really anywhere in the region. Depend on us to meet your needs and exceed your expectations when you book in complete confidence with us. You'll enjoy staying here – and you'll love the value. For the best rates and to ensure you get a room on your desired day, please book right away.
Eagle Harbor Golf Course is just 9 miles from Parkway Inn Jacksonville. Why not get in a few holes while you stay with us?
Municipal Stadium is just 15 miles away when you stay with us at Parkway Inn. We're a smart choice for teams and fans alike.
Travel just 2 miles to Orange Park Mall and enjoy some shopping, whether that's your reason for coming or just a nice side trip.
Jacksonville Zoo is a quick 35 miles away and offers an excellent chance to see animals up close. Why not stay with us while in the area?
Free WiFi is available in all areas
Outdoor pool
24-hour front desk, Laundry, Dry cleaning, Meeting/banquet facilities
Newspapers, Non-smoking rooms, Facilities for disabled guests
Food & Drink
Restaurant, Bar
Check In : 3:00 pm
Check out : 11:00 am
Pets allowed *
Orange Park Kennel Club - 0.3m/0.5km E
Poker - 0.3m/0.5km E
Orange Park Mall - 2.0m/3.2km SW
AMC Movie Theatres - 2.0m/3.2km SW
Orange Park Country Club - 6.0m/9.7km SW
Doctors Lake Marina - 5.0m/8.0km S
Contact Us
Parkway Inn Jacksonville
300 Park Avenue, Orange Park, Florida 32073, US
Phone : +1 (904) 264-1211
Fax :+1 (904) 269-6756


text:
Jayne Mansfield Collection (The Girls Can't Help It / Will Success Spoil Rock Hunter? / The Sheriff of Fractured Jaw) (3-DVD)
Jayne Mansfield &
Tony Randall
Frank Tashlin &
Raoul Walsh
|List Price:
|You Save:
|$5 (10% Off)
Brand New
Related products:
- The Fat Spy ~ $5.95 (Save 25%)
- The George Raft Story (Widescreen) ~ $14.39 (Save 20%)
- Betty Grable Collection, Volume 1 (The Dolly Sisters / My Blue Heaven / Moon Over Miami / Down... ~ $39.84
- Hillbilly Comedy Collection (Las Vegas Hillbillys / Hillbillys In A Haunted House / Private Snuffy... ~ $11.79
DVD Features:
- Includes Jayne Mansfield: Blonde Ambition
- Fox Movietone News Segments, Nation's Capital Scene of Texan Get-Together
- Number of Discs: 3
- Rated: Not Rated
- Run Time: 4 hours, 52 minutes
- Video: Color
- Encoding: Region 1 (USA & Canada)
- Released: August 8, 2006
- Originally Released: 1956
- Label: 20th Century Fox
- 3-Disc Set
- Aspect Ratio: Full Frame - 1.33
- Audio:
- (unspecified) - English
Disc 1: THE GIRL CAN'T HELP IT
Disc 2: WILL SUCCESS SPOIL ROCK HUNTER'
Disc 3: THE SHERRIF OF FRACTURED JAW
Performers, Cast and Crew:
|Jayne Mansfield & Tony Randall
|Kenneth More, Julie London, Tom Ewell & Tony Randall
|Directed by
|Frank Tashlin & Raoul Walsh
Entertainment Reviews:
3.5 stars out of 4 -- "Mansfield was a winning comic actress..."
Description by OLDIES.com:
DVD Features:
- 3-Disc Set
- Widescreen
- Audio:
(unspecified) - English
Disc 1: THE GIRL CAN'T HELP IT
Disc 2: WILL SUCCESS SPOIL ROCK HUNTER?
Disc 3: THE SHERRIF OF FRACTURED JAW
Description by OLDIES.com:
She's Jayne Mansfield, the dazzling platinum superstar who put the S in "sizzle" and shook up all of Hollywood with uncanny comic timing and a knockout figure. Mansfield slew audiences with a core of hilarious hits, but among her best are three drop-dead funny comedies that capture her at her peak.
Featured Are:
The Girl Can't Help It: Showcasing music legends such as Fats Domino, the Platters, Little Richard and many others, this comic romp co-stars Edmond O'Brien as a mob boss whose singer girlfriend (Mansfield) can't actually hold a note ... but is carrying a torch for her talent agent!
The Sheriff Of Fractured Jaw: This hilarious satire co-stars Tony Randall as adman Rock Hunter, who signs movie star Rita Marlow (Mansfield) for a lipstick campaign, but he strikes out when Rita's bodybuilder boyfriend thinks Rock and Rita are having an affair!
Will Success Spoil Rock Hunter?: In this Comedy / Western, a refined English gentleman becomes sheriff of the toughest town this side of Tombstone. Mansfield stars as the sexy blonde saloon owner who teaches him how!


text:
though, byron loved miss mary ann
© Copyright 2017 moonphish. All rights reserved.
Status: Finished
Genre: Poetry
lol oh moon what is this its sooooo long :-)
This is fantastic. Sure hope your pen doesn't run out. Maybe this explains your abilities!
a new thing - color enhanced - fitting for this tale of dread warnings. -- brrrrrr! -- scary! message received: beware of promises made under a circus tent or at a gypsy fair or in neon lit pool hall... brrrrrrr! but as for you, i've no fears for you cuz i picture you chewing on a pencil stub or shaving a quill to dip in bottled ink -- your writing is too quixotic for ball points or gels...grrrrrrrrrrr! kindest regards, connie
Poem / Poetry
Poem / Poetry
Poem / Poetry
Paste the link to picture in the entry below:
Paste the link to Youtube video in the following entry:
Cannot annotate a non-flat selection. Make sure your selection starts and ends within the same node.
An annotation cannot contain another annotation.
There was an error uploading your file.


text:
Rates in SGD (taxes & fees included), shown as:
Nightly Average
S$25 Avg. price/night
Hotel Heritage Guild
No.137, Jalan Hang Jebat, Malacca 75300, Malaysia
Find Hotel Rates
Recent Searches
Wego searches multiple travel sites so you can find and compare the best rates.
Hotel Heritage Guild Hotel Reviews
Based on reviews from across the web.
Hotel Heritage Guild Hotel Details
- Highspeed Internet
- Airconditioning
- Internet services
- Air conditioning
- Shower
Check-in: 14:00
Check-out: 12:00
Stop at Hotel Heritage Guild to discover the wonders of Malacca / Melaka. Both business travelers and tourists can enjoy the hotel's facilities and services. Wi-Fi in public areas are on the list of things guests can enjoy. The well-appointed guestrooms feature air conditioning, shower. The hotel offers various recreational opportunities. Discover all Malacca / Melaka has to offer by making Hotel Heritage Guild your base.


text:
- PressReleasePoint Main
- Submit Press Release
- Free PR Website List
- PR Resources
- Press Releases
- Our Services
- About Us
- Contact Us
Home ›
Largest U.S. Online Distributor of Gutter Materials Capitalizes on Construction Boom with new e-commerce platform from Intershop
- Hybrid B2B/B2C seller to create distinct experiences for each buyer type
- Partner Orchid Digital Solutions to provide integration and digital design services
San Francisco, August 26, 2014 – Intershop, the leading independent technology vendor for omni-channel commerce solutions, today announced that its leading e-commerce platform, Intershop 7, has been selected by GutterSupply.com - a division of Rain Trade Corporation-the largest online-only US manufacturer and distributor of rain gutters, tools and accessories for high-end homes and building contractors. The deal, struck jointly with new North American partner Orchid Digital Solutions reflects a growing trend toward online sales in the building materials industry.
The construction industry is making a major comeback after the building bust of 2009. Gutter Supply's focus on quality, service and online sales is helping the fifty-year old specialty supplier capitalize on the building boom and expand offerings; but that growth has been stifled by a home-grown e-commerce platform that couldn't scale. Faced with a bulging product line including SKUs in a variety of metals, shapes, colors, sizes and configurations, their home-grown e-commerce platform could not keep up with product innovation and increasing market demand.
"Our current platform is difficult to update and does not give us an easy way to do promotions," said Mike Milliman, President of Gutter Supply. "We sell to businesses, contractors and discerning do-it-yourselfers. The Intershop platform will allow us to further grow by creating distinct experiences for B2B and B2C customers," added Milliman.
Moving to the Intershop platform which can handle B2B, B2C, multi-channel, multi-touch point and multinational means that GutterSupply.com can scale and expand in any direction while maintaining their brand and improving the customer experience.
"We're seeing increased demand in the building materials segment," said Jochen Moll, CEO at Intershop. "This increased activity is from a combination of growth in commercial and residential construction combined with overall e-commerce growth in manufacturing and distribution segments," added Moll.
Orchid Digital Solutions, a consultancy specializing in B2B e-commerce, will provide GutterSupply.com with strategy, design, and implementation services and plan for a go live date by the end of the year. "We're pleased with Intershop's growth and expansion of its partner ecosystem here in the US," said Brian Carpizo, Managing Director, Orchid Digital. "They have a fantastic product well suited to companies with complex business processes and hybrid sales models like GutterSupply.com," added Carpizo.
Copy this html code to your website/blog to embed this press release.
Post new comment
More like this
This press release is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Read full copyright information here.


text:
Would you like to begin a chat with your new date? Or maybe to send a sweet text to your date or partner? Sending sweet text messages is far more exciting than you thought. Of course, only if you are able to compose unique and truly sweet SMS messages ideas.
Ladies, without reference to age, like getting flirty, cute and even seductive texts. However, notwithstanding the incontrovertible fact that SMS message flirting can be really useful in many scenarios, it could also backfire. Put simply, there are some guidelines that may massively increase the effect of the sweet text messages you send and general guidelines of what you need to avoid doing.
As an example, it is not endorsed to send SMS messages to your date/squeeze/partner when you're out without them and simply being bored. In times when you see everybody on the table sending sms messages, resist the urge to take out your phone and do the same, especially if you already had one or two drinks. Do not mass send sweet text messages also, even if you are not in a rather serious relationship.
Therefore how to make sure you are writing effective sweet SMS messages that may make your girl feel gorgeous, loved, horny, desired; that "she" will want to read continually; which will make your partner want you?
Writing texts is very similar to writing conventional love letters or notes. Of course, the greatest advantage is that sending sweet text messages saves a lot of time, it's straightforward and cheaper . Yet again, when writing sweet texts, you may stick to the same key rules of writing romantic letters – write something significant and sweet and always use correct grammar and spelling. Additionally, try and keep your text messages brief.
As you can clearly see, it's really easy to become expert in the art of text message flirting. Perhaps the only thing you have to begin sending sweet text messages to your girl is some inspiration. If that is the case, I strongly recommend you to take a look at the superb Sweet Text Messages examples featured in the post "5 Sweet Text Messages to Send to a Girl" at http://romantictextmessages.org/sweet-text-messages/.
Additionally, don't miss to try the rest of the Romantic Text Messages information and guidance available at http://romantictextmessages.org as it'll let you take charge of your love life and savour a much more good relationship with your partner.


text:
Tropical Fish Keeping - Aquarium fish care and resources (http://www.tropicalfishkeeping.com/forum.php)
- Beginner Freshwater Aquarium (http://www.tropicalfishkeeping.com/beginner-freshwater-aquarium/)
- - Before and After shots (http://www.tropicalfishkeeping.com/beginner-freshwater-aquarium/before-after-shots-83658/)
Before and After shots
3 Attachment(s)
I just redid the substrate in my 29g tank last night and I thought it would be a cool idea if we could post before and after shots of our tanks after major changes. This could be substrate change, decoration change, rearranging, etc. Anything that caused your tank to look different than it did before.
I'll start us off. The first picture is my before shot, I had mostly flourite substrate and a lot of beginner plants. This was my first planted tank ever so I sort of just threw everything in there and went with it. I got rid of a lot of the plants and kept some of my old ones. I am really amazed at the difference in color and behavior with a dark substrate/sand.
My blue tetras are bluer than they have ever been, and my cory's actually come out in the day!! They always hid unless it was feeding time. Its so nice to see them out and playing.
The one thing I am concerned with is my otos. I did a major clean on the glass, and since a lot of the plants are new Im worried about them finding enough food..has anyone had any experience with new substrate/plants and otos?
anyways, enough talk. Lets see your pics!
Your tank in the after shots look great! I love the change you did. What is the plant in the before shot that is floating on the surface? I don't think I've seen that one before.
Looking awesome, great work!
Thanks a lot!
@aunt kymmie that is water lettuce! It's really pretty but it grows soooo fast. I was throwing it away bi-weekly.
Posted via Mobile Device
I don't want to be 'a stick in the mud' but I think they both look good - but I'm a fan of the natural gravel look and an aquascape that looks very natural. (Byron's tanks get double thumbs up!)
(I have to stay quiet when I see tanks with wacky gravel colors and bizarre carnival decor) - it's all about personal preference.
I like them both, Jbrofish8. I can't say one is better than the other.
Here's my before and after shots.
A little bit of rearranging, lol
And now this. Actually, since this pic is has been slightly rearranged but still the same stuff in it.
Disregard that last pic. This was taken the other night and is how it's set up now.
|All times are GMT -5. The time now is 02:15 AM.
Powered by vBulletin® Version 3.8.8
Copyright ©2000 - 2017, vBulletin Solutions, Inc.
vBulletin Security provided by vBSecurity v2.2.2 (Pro) - vBulletin Mods & Addons Copyright © 2017 DragonByte Technologies Ltd.
User Alert System provided by Advanced User Tagging (Pro) - vBulletin Mods & Addons Copyright © 2017 DragonByte Technologies Ltd.


text:
Sculptors strive to perfect the human form, a devotion evident in Michelangelo's immaculate David and in the young Rodin's obsessively chiseled snowmen. Sculpt a statuesque figure with today's Groupon: for $99, you get five sessions of Beautiful Image facial or body sculpting for your choice of face and neck, arms, stomach, or thighs and buttocks at Edge Chiropractic & Wellness in O'Fallon (a $395 value).
Edge Chiropractic & Wellness's all-female staff transforms clients with a facial- and body-sculpting technique that sends gentle microcurrents forth to revitalize and firm cells. During facial treatments, the microcurrent wand tightens skin to reverse wrinkles and shrinks pores to effect a silky surface great for deflecting the chin chucks of a pro-boxer uncle.
During body-sculpting sessions, arm and thigh muscles are toned, tummies and butts are lifted, and hips shrink to rumba-ready proportions; meanwhile, loose skin tightens to stay taut around redefined physiques. Cellulite and stretch marks simmer down, and dress or moon-suit sizes may drop after repeated sessions, typically scheduled at least 72 hours apart. Edge Chiropractic & Wellness's welcoming waiting room abounds with liquid enticements such as coffee, tea, and cocoa, freely sippable before each 30- to 45-minute appointment.
Edge Chiropractic & Wellness
Dr. Heidi Westra Brocke specializes in helping her patients, particularly women, feel great both inside and out with chiropractic care, acupuncture, adrenal stress testing, weight loss programs, and micro-current & body sculpting, as well as the newly added life and goal coaching. She also helps those who have a difficult time making themselves a priority so that they can gain the confidence to dedicate their time to what matters the most....Being happy with themselves. She's passionate about helping her patients improve their overall health and taking time to educate them on how to best achieve their health and wellness goals.
Customer Reviews
O Fallon
920 Talon Dr.
Suite 101
O'Fallon, Illinois 62269
618-632-2000Get Directions


text:
Are you looking for Shelving near Johannesburg? Hotfrog helps you find the most popular businesses related to Shelving near Johannesburg Gauteng! Find the best Shelving in Johannesburg.
Johannesburg, Gauteng
Econorack's product range offers
from the warehouse solution to the light weight system for hand packing
as well as bolt on shelving for the s…
More info
- 05-17-2010
- 05-26-2010
- 06-15-2010
Saki Shelving is a proud supplier to wholesale and retail, we sell bolt and nut shelving of all sizes, double sided gondolas single sided gondolas, light duty racking, heavy duty racking, medium duty racking, we regards …
shelving and rackingRackingIndustrial ShelvingSteel Shelving
johannesburg, Gauteng
krostshelving.co.za - Storage and Display Equipment Manufacturers, krost, shelving, racking, warehouse, drive-in, cantilever, stillages, pallet, live, raised, storage, area, staircases, open, steel, floor, panels, workbe…
RackingStorage SystemsMezzanine FloorsDisplay Equipment
Rackstore Technologies offers Shelving, Racking, Mezzanine Floors and Storage Systems for warehouses and offices, including angle shelving, compact storage, mini-rack shelving, long span shelving, pallet racking, cantile…
pallet rackingMezzanine Floors
Bolt type second hand steel shelving for sale starting from R10 a shelf.Steel shelving is in excellent condition.Steel shelving come in various sizes.
We are a proudly South African shelving and racking company established in 1997
Storelab is a leading South African supplier of racking, shelving and mezzanine floors. We pride ourselves on innovative design solutions to increase usable space. Based in Johannesburg, Storelab has been involved in var…
pallet rackingRackingIndustrial ShelvingStorage Systems
We have a range of shelving products to suit your needs!Get a quoteBolt-on shelvingGondola shelvingIndustrial rackingSuperior Second Hand Steel Shelving
RackingSteel Shelving
At Universal Storage Systems we have master minded our own supply chain following more than 20 years of market experience in manufacturing, supplying and installing steel racking, shelving and mezzanine flooring
RackingStorage Systems
In 2003 APC Storage Solutions SA made a strategic decision to stop manufacturing locally and start importing Racking and Shelving of such quality that it cannot be compared to local manufacturers. At this point APC Stora…
Rackingracking and shelvingStorage SystemsStorage Solutions
Vertex Scaffolding supplies aluminum towers, steel self-lock towers, bridging platforms and aluminum ladders for hire and sale. Our Key services : Aluminium Scaffolding Tubular Steel Scaffolding Pipe Scaffolding Brid…
RackingStorage SystemsMezzanine FloorsWarehouse Storage
Milk Deco supplies unique, eco friendly baby and toddler furniture. All our products are designed and manufactured in SA! Our furniture is functional and contemporary. Available in different colour variations to match …
Storequip offer's a comprehensive range of versatile and durable shelving systems to display or store goods in a professional and enticing manner
Our range of products and solutions cater for small companies looking for shelving units or a light duty rack to organisations requiring more integrated high bay automation racking solutions, new mezzanine floors to…
Industrial ShelvingStorage SystemsMezzanine FloorsPlastic Bins
Cashbuild is the largest retailer of building materials and associated products, selling building material, construction material, building supplies, building equipment like cement, bricks, pvc and others to home improve…
lesothoBathroom AccessoriesPipesBotswana
Provider of steel/metal manufacturing/fabrication service to any customer in any industry, to produce/engineer steel products according to customer specification
We provide fencing applications from diamond mesh to square weld, and offer various types of fencing gates ranging from Henderson to swing type We provide mezzanine floor levels to fit into any area We pri…
RackingMezzanine Floors
R & D Commercial Catering Products cc. R & D commercial Catering Products is a manufacturer of wire and tube products used mainly in the hospitality industry. R & D Commercial Catering Products offers the benefit of …
Display StandsBaskets
Our quality, range & value cannot be beaten! Mokki is the world's leading specialist in bedroom furniture for children and young adults. Over 40 room settings can be viewed at any one of our showrooms; these settings…
HangersTv Stands
Glacier was founded by Lourens Kriel in 1994 as a manufacturer of specialised glass doors for refrigerated applications
GlacierInsulated Panels
Leaders in Display Equipment and Shop Fixtures, We have 20 years of experience in supplying and manufacturing of Shopfitting, Store fixtures, Shop
RSS provides a one-stop shop fitting company, offering a complete service including planning, design, manufacture, installation and project management
Shop FittersCommercial Interiorsfixturesshopfitters
All Econorack's products are available in component form for easy self assembly or our professional team can erect your racking for you
shelving and rackingpallet rackingRackingracking and shelving
Can't find Shelving company near near Johannesburg? Let us know by adding the missing business here.
Small Business Hub
Sharing tips, ideas and advice to help grow your small business.
Hotfrog AdVantage
Hotfrog AdVantage ads appear above the rest in Hotfrog feature pages. By upgrading today your ad will appear in front of potential customers before they notice your competitors.
Create your free Hotfrog business profile
Follow Hotfrog on:
Share on:
Hotfrog Small Business Hub


text:
The Zagat Review
Putting their "own spin on traditional Mexican" cuisine, these "fun", "affordable" cantinas craft "flavorful" "modern" dishes and some of the "best margaritas this side of the border" amid "funky" decor "with all the neon trimmings"; ever "packed", the "boisterous" interiors prompt pleas for "earplugs", but fans dig the "festive" vibe, especially when there's live music.
Zagat reviews are compiled from individual user reviews. Write your review.Write your review.
Rosario's Mexican Cafe Y Cantina
910 S Alamo St
San Antonio, Texas 78205
910 S Alamo St | Map
San Antonio, Texas 78205


text:
Recently the advancement of mobile radiologic imaging technology has made it possible for homebound patients to prevent a trip to the hospital or clinic. Portable xray machines are often wheeled into the patient's home or any other location. They can even be transported up flights of stairs sometimes. With these machines, an xray image could be obtained, then processed on location and wirelessly shipped to the ordering physician and/or radiologist for interpretation. The treating physician may even access the images with a laptop computer, iPad or perhaps a smart phone such as an iPhone or Droid. Image quality is excellent now compared with just a few years ago. Obtaining portable xrays with a patient's home, while costlier than when done at the radiology imaging center, frequently proves to be cost saving. Typical fees for portable xrays completed in the home, such as a chest xray or set of ankle xrays, are about $350 in comparison with $50 when the patient travels towards the xray facility. However, the cost of an ambulance ride for the non-ambulatory patient may go better, and may not be covered by insurance. When patients must go the the emergency department for an xray, a common occurrence after hours, the charge may be in the thousands.
Mobile urgent care services operating out of San Francisco, frequently utilize these mobile radiologic services to provide doctor house calls service. They take vid step further by giving this technology to patients of every age group, not just the homebound elderly. They may be staffed by emergency physicians in addition to their assistants. These house call providers are highly familiar with emergency medical care and so are fully capable of managing mild to moderate orthopedic trauma, for example ankle sprains, broken wrists, etc. After the xray is obtained on location, physicians carry splinting equipment to ensure injuries may be easily and quickly immobilized for comfort. Medications are dispensed for the patient's convenience, or prescribed for pickup at a local pharmacy.
This way, patients are not required to disclose marathon waiting times within an ER. The physicians offering doctor house calls service hold the luxury of time to ensure patient communication is generous and questions have been answered. Housecall providers remain readily available by telephone after the visit should patients have further questions or problems.
Additional portable radiologic services offering convenience and cost savings include ultrasound and EKGs. While lightweight EKG machines have been established for some time and are easily utilized in the housecall, ultrasounds have only fairly recently become compact enough for east travel. The truth is, recent times have seen the development of handheld ultrasound devices permitting quick visual assessment of numerous problems at just about any location.
What's up Dear, are you actually visiting this web page regularly, if so afterward you will without doubt obtain fastidious knowledge.
Permanent Link


text:
Slotted: 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5.5mm
Phillips: #1, #2
Square: #1 & 2
Up to 33% Narrower Than Standard Insulated Tools
Utilizing Exclusive Wiha Integrated Insulation Technology
Improves Access, Insulation is within Screw Head Diameters
Meets ASTM F1505, VDE 0682/part201, DIN 7437, EN/IEC 60900, NFPA-70E & CSA specification
10,000 Volt Tested for a 1,000(AC) 1,500(DC) Volt Certification, VDE and GS tested
Ergonomic Wiha SoftFinish multi-component handle with roll-off protection
Cushioned Grip For maximum comfort and power
Perfect fit for your Hand because of Wiha handle size concept
Wiha special chrome-vanadium-molybdenum tool steel
Through hardened for best wear resistance
Precision machined exact fit Black tips
Additional Info
|Weight (lbs)
|Head Type
|slotted, phillips, square
|Country of Manufacture
Warranty Info
Wiha Products Carry a 100% Satisfaction Guarantee. All Wiha tools are guaranteed to be free of defects in workmanship and materials and will be replaced if found to be deficient providing tools have not been altered or misused. Wiha Insert Bits, Power Bits, Ceramic Tools and Tweezers are not warranted for use. Wiha Brand Torque control Tools are warranted for twelve months from date of purchase up to 5,000 torque Cycles.
Wiha Tools Use and Warranty Guidelines:
- Use tools for their intended applications, screwdrivers should not be used to pry or chisel. - Never modify or alter a tool from its original design.
- Do not use extensions or torque multipliers, this will achieve excessive torque levels and may result in serious injury and premature tool failure.
- Inspect all tools before use and discard tools that show any signs of visible damage. - Do not use tools beyond their intended useful life.
- Work Safe - always wear appropriate eye and hand protection when using hand tools.
Return tools for warranty replacement to your original place of purchase or directly to Wihatools.com LLC North American Distribution Center, all returns are subject to inspection prior to replacement
Wihatools.com LLC
Att: Warranty Dept.
1348 Dundas Circle
Monticello Minnesota, 55362
Please call us if you have questions on direct replacement of tools. Tel 763-295-6591 or Fax: 763-295-6598
e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
You may also be interested in the following product(s)
Insulated Drivers Workstation 30 Piece Set
Regular Price: $319.98
On Sale $199.98
Insulated Drivers/Pliers 11 Piece Set in Canvas Tool Bag
Regular Price: $201.98
On Sale $138.48
Insulated Narrow Profile SlimLine 15 Piece Set
Regular Price: $159.98
On Sale $99.98
Insulated Slotted/Phillips Screwdrivers 6 Piece Set
Regular Price: $54.74
On Sale $44.98
Insulated Master Tool Set -112 Pieces
Insulated Pliers/Screwdrivers 50 Piece Set
Regular Price: $825.26
On Sale $556.98
Customers Also Bought
Insulated Crimping Pliers
Dynamic Handle Slotted/Phillips Screwdriver 11 Piece Set
Regular Price: $107.20
On Sale $49.98


text:
Are you looking for Race Cars in ILLINOIS? Hotfrog showcases more than 40 popular businesses related to Race Cars in ILLINOIS! Find a specific region or suburb using the left navigation.
New Lenox, IL
Atomic Fabrications welds and fabricates various types of steel and sheet metal solutions for performance race cars We can get your race ca…
More info
- 11/18/2014
- 09/12/2010
We here at Folk Race Cars have the knowledge, products, and services to make you a winner We specialize in Fuel Injection Systems, Fabrication, MIG and TIG welding of stainless steel and aluminum, tube bending,…
Oakwood, IL
Bob Pierce Race Cars is a dirt track modified and late model chassis builder and parts supplier out of Oakwood, IL. 217-354-2972
Chassis BuilderRace Car
Forward Racing: We build champions Here at Forward Racing every car we build gets 100% of our focus We feel that using our proven chassis design will allow you a chance at being a winning team We buil…
Chassis DesignFrame Rails
chandlerville, il
Though we try to keep all product pricing current, the volatile nature a metal and raw material pricing may change on an almost daily basis Please fell free to confirm all past quotes and current product pricing…
Saint Charles, IL
Do you want to increase your street car or race cars performance in Chicago or throughout Illinois? Then bring your race car, custom car, show car, street car, dragster, funny car or monster truck to our speed shop in A…
Race Car ChassisAuto Speed ShopsRace Car PartsShow Cars
Melrose Park , IL
The Melrose Park Indoor Grand Prix is the midwests largest indoor karting facility. Located just off I-290 and easy access from downtown, you can feel the Need for Speed here! Drive 1 of our 37 RIMO racing karts on eit…
Galesburg, IL
You can trust the chassis builders at Quarter-Max. RJ Race Cars offers thousands of high performance drag racing parts & components. Drag racing chassis kits, drag wheels, engines, wheelie bars, used drag cars, racing bo…
Chassis BuilderDrag Racing PartsCoil Over ShocksDrag Wheels
Tinley Park, IL
Custom Rides Car Show & Expo Rogers Winter Burnout Charity Car Show, January 14, 2012 January 15, 2012 Classic cars, hot rods, race cars, proceeds to benefit
Race CarHot RodsMuscle Cars
Addison, IL
Roll CagesHot RodsRacing FuelsDrag Racing
Schaumburg, IL
We at Windy City Motorsports are proud to have been in business since 1990. Our inventory includes rare exotics, sports cars, classics, and a little bit of everything else you have ever dreamed of owning. www.windycitym…
Hot RodsStreet RodsClassic Car SalesExotic Cars
Lakemoor, IL
Don Hoevel Racing LLC provides a personalized approach to vintage motorsports, specializing in the service, repair, performance upgrade and restoration of vintage sports and race cars Don Hoevel Racing LLC is o…
Antioch, IL
Lawmen Racing, Inc. is an auto race team located in Antioch, Illinois. In addition to racing, the team specializes in promoting it's many marketing partners (sponsors) and selling sponsorship packages to assist others i…
Race CarStock Car RacingAuto Racing
Elk Grove Village, IL
Paradise Photographic, is your number one source for Digital Imaging and Photography for Business. Offering Digital Photographic retouching, Digital Photo Enlargments and Contant Management located at 1612 Landmeier Road…
Elmhurst, IL
When purchasing an RC boat, car, helicopter, airplane or glider, contact our shipping department for a accurate shipping quote at Include the item you are purchasing and your zipcode or country
Hobby CraftRocket Motorsho trainsFuture Releases
Sterling, IL
Chapman Motor Sports is a professional company that can supply you with actual NASCAR racing cars as well as racing simulators. No show to large or small,whether indoors or out, we can make your next special event one th…
Racing CarsShow CarsRacing PromotionsStockcar
We've Crafted Some Of The Best Looking Hoods And Streamlined Our Products To Make Them Easier To Install and Perform Where it Matters Most Our street hoods are made, using the ABSOLUTE BEST adhesives available,…
Show CarsDrag Racing
Mokena, IL
Hotfrog US provides information regarding Performance Concepts in Mokena IL. Performance Concepts is located at 11115 W 189th Pl and provides Automotive,Car Parts and Accessorie services. Contact them on (708) 479-7949 o…
Drag CarsDrag Racing
Bartlett, IL
Rage Wraps is a full service vinyl graphics company
Itasca, IL
Cabinets Unlimited serves all of the Western Suburbs of Chicago IL, with one-stop shopping for custom built cabinets, bathrooms and kitchens. We can renovate your home with kitchen cabinets, bathrooms, bars and much more…
Race Car
Specializing in Mattoon Trailor Sales real estate, Trailers, Car Trailers, Race Car Trailers, Utility Trailors, Flat Bed Trailors, Haulers, Trailer Sales, and Coles County. - Jeff Gaines helping to find and buy the home …
Race Car TrailersRace CarCar TrailerCar Trailers
Mandrel Bent custom built exhaust systems New Lenox, IL
St Charles, IL
Midwest Driveshaft specializes in new and remanufactured driveshafts made from Steel or Aluminum, for heavy equipment, trucks, cars, industrial equipment and custom applications, Location: St. Charles IL, Phone: 630-513-…
Hot Rods
Mount Prospect, IL
Our goal is to bring your dream car to life whether it is the car you always wanted or just to finish the one you have
Morton, IL
Ryan Bunton's #66 Championship Sprint Car Racing
Team from Morton, IL
Sprint CarsSprint Car Racing
Rolling Meadows, IL
NSSCC exists to provide our members with a friendly environment to enjoy and share their passion for auto racing
Morris, IL
Heart Pounding Performance. Providing the finest in hot rod and automotive performance work, parts and products
Kit CarsHot RodsPerformance Automotive Parts
Our "Hobby Shop Now" Warehouse is a physical extension of our brick and mortar store located in Elmhurst a western suburb of Chicago When purchasing an RC boat, car, helicopter, airplane or glider, contact our s…
Zion, IL
Trailer accessories, trailer cabinets, and garage organizers. The leaders in outfitting trailers, shops & garages worldwide
Rogers Charity Car Show Mokena Rogers Towing Service LWSRA As you can imagine, a lot of work goes into planning the show and we need your help
Marine, IL
Let Voigt Racing show you how to take the next step in racecar tuning
Automobile Race CarsAuto Speed ShopsRace Car
Prairie View, IL
Welcome to Carl Haas Automobile Imports
Flamingo Surprise was started in 1991, back when 90210 became more than just a zip code
Springfield, IL
Drag Race CarsFunny CarDrag Racing
Woodstock, IL
Race CarRacecar
Plainfield, IL
Roll Cagesheader design
Geneseo, IL
Hotfrog US provides information regarding Mitchell Motorcars in Geneseo IL. Mitchell Motorcars is located at 603 Hanford St and provides Automotive,Car Dealers and Leasing services. Contact them on (309) 944-0774.
Dennison, IL
Can't find Race Cars company near near ILLINOIS? Let us know by adding the missing business here.
Small Business Hub
Sharing tips, ideas and advice to help grow your small business
Hotfrog AdVantage
Hotfrog AdVantage ads appear above the rest in Hotfrog feature pages. By upgrading today your ad will appear in front of potential customers before they notice your competitors.
Create your free Hotfrog business profile
Follow Hotfrog on:
Share on:
Hotfrog Small Business Hub


text:
Holistic Spa Day with Two Treatments£49.50 instead of £99 (from Activity Superstore) for a spa day for one with two treatments, or the same for two people for £99 - save 50%
A holistic spa day for one with two treatments from Activity Superstore (was £99) OR redeem for Wowcher Wallet Credit.You save 50% (£49.50)
A holistic spa day for two with two treatments from Activity Superstore (was £198) OR redeem for Wowcher Wallet Credit.You save 50% (£99)
Save 50%
Time left to purchase
- Enjoy a holistic spa day for one or two people.
- Receive a 25-minute energising facial.
- And a 25-minute lava shell massage.
- Plus full use of facilities including fitness classes.
- At a choice of multiple UK locations.
The Fine Print
- One per person.
- May buy multiples
- Must redeem by 6th Jan 2014.
- Voucher valid for 12 months from purchase.
- Must be aged 18 or over.
- Must receive voucher from the merchant before booking or attending.
- Subject to availability.
Full Details
For those in need of some serious ME-time after the frenzy of the festive build-up then, boy, do we have a spa-ctacular deal for you today.
We're offering you an holistic spa day for one with two treatments and use of all the facilities at your choice of 32 UK spa locations for just £49.50, or for two people for just £99, saving you 50% off Activity Superstore's prices (correct as of 19.12.13).
At your choice from a range of nationwide spa locations, you - or you and your guest - will enjoy pampering from head to toe and two deeply relaxing treatments. You'll receive a 25-minute energising facial, plus a 25-minute lava shell massage – and if that isn't enough to make you smile, you'll also get unrestricted use of all the facilities your spa has to offer with today's deal. The range of facilities will vary, depending on which location you choose, but they generally include a solarium, sauna, pool, steam room, a gym, and fitness classes such as Tai Chi and Boxercise. The deal is available Sunday to Friday and locations are:
- Bedfordshire - Luton & Stotfold
- Bristol - Bristol City
- Buckinghamshire - Milton Keynes
- Cambridgeshire - Peterborough
- Cardiff - Llanishen
- Cumbria - Carlisle
- Durham - Darlington
- East Susex - Hastings
- Essex - Chafford Hundred
- Falkirk - Falkirk
- Fife - Dunfermline
- Greater Manchester - Ashford & Manchester
- Invernesshire - Inverness
- Kent - Ashford & Broadstairs
- Leicestershire - Leicester
- London - Millbank
- Midlothian - Edinburgh & Newcraighall
- Norfolk - Norwich
- North Yorkshire - York
- Nottinghamshire - Mansfield
- Oxfordshire - Banbury
- Perthshire - Perth
- South Yorkshire - Barnsley
- Staffordshire - Burton-on-Trent & Tamworth
- West Midlands - Birmingham, Solihull & Sutton Coldfield
How to Redeem
- When the deal ends we'll send you your unique wowcher code.
- Head to the Activity Superstore website using the link we send you.
- Enter your wowcher code when prompted.
- Wait for your spa voucher and full booking instructions to arrive in the post.
- Once you have your voucher, contact the merchant to book your spa day.
Once purchased, you can redeem this wowcher towards another wowcher or claim a Wowcher Wallet Credit. Click here for more info.
100-Page Custom Cover Photobook£15 instead of £84.59 (from Truprint) for an 11" x 8" 100-page custom cover hardback personalised photobook - save 82%
Super Soft 15 Tog Bounce Back Winter Duvet & 4 Pillows£14.99 (from Home Furnishings Company) for a 15 tog winter duvet and four pillows, £17.99 for a double, £21.99 for a king, or £23.99 for a super king - save up to 74%
Save 74%
Time left to purchase
Bergner Professional Non-Stick Copper-Coated 3pc Frying Pan Set£29 instead of £129.99 (from Cheerful Bargains) for a set of three copper frying pans - save 78%
Save 78%
Time left to purchase


text:
Magnetic resonance imaging changes of sacroiliac joints in patients with recent-onset inflammatory back pain: inter-reader reliability and prevalence of abnormalities
DOI: 10.1186/ar1859
© Heuft-Dorenbosch et al, licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2005
Received: 6 July 2005
Accepted: 2 November 2005
Published: 1 December 2005
To study the inter-reader reliability of detecting abnormalities of sacroiliac (SI) joints in patients with recent-onset inflammatory back pain by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and to study the prevalence of inflammation and structural changes at various sites of the SI joints.
Sixty-eight patients with inflammatory back pain (at least four of the five following criteria: symptom onset before age 40, insidious onset, morning stiffness, duration >3 months, improvement with exercise — or three out of five of these plus night pain) were included (38% male; mean age, 34.9 years [standard deviation 10.3]; 46% HLA-B27-positive; mean symptom duration, 18 months), with symptom duration <2 years. A MRI scan of the SI joints was made in the coronal plane with the following sequences: T1-weighted spin echo, short-tau inversion recovery, T2-weighted fast-spin echo with fat saturation, and T1-spin echo with fat saturation after the administration of gadolinium. Both SI joints were scored for inflammation (separately for subchondral bone and bone marrow, joint space, joint capsule, ligaments) as well as for structural changes (erosions, sclerosis, ankylosis), by two observers independently. Agreement between the two readers was analysed by concordance and discordance rates and by kappa statistics.
Inflammation was present in 32 SI joints of 22 patients, most frequently located in bone marrow and/or subchondral bone (29 joints in 21 patients). Readers agreed on the presence of inflammation in 85% of the cases in the right SI joint and in 78% of the cases in the left SI joint. Structural changes on MRI were present in 11 patients. Ten of these 11 patients also showed signs of inflammation.
Agreement on the presence or absence of inflammation and structural changes of SI joints by MRI was acceptable, and was sufficiently high to be useful in ascertaining inflammatory and structural changes due to sacroiliitis. About one-third of patients with recent-onset inflammatory back pain show inflammation, and about one-sixth show structural changes in at least one SI joint.
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic rheumatic condition, characterized by inflammation of the axial skeleton, particularly the sacroiliac (SI) joints. Patients fulfil classification criteria for AS if characteristic radiological changes of the SI joint are present, together with defined clinical symptoms and findings [1]. AS belongs to the group of seronegative spondyloarthritides (SpA). The European Spondylarthropathy Study Group has developed classification criteria for SpA [2].
Sacroiliitis is a characteristic feature of AS and is frequently found in patients with SpA, although it is not obligatory. Patients with sacroiliitis experience chronic low back pain with an inflammatory pattern that often begins in young adulthood. Because chronic low back pain is common in the population, sacroiliitis is often not considered as a cause of back pain. Besides, early sacroiliitis is often not visible on conventional radiographs, or is difficult to interpret, which may lead to a long delay in establishing a diagnosis. Frequently, a mean duration of more than eight years between the start of symptoms and the diagnosis of AS is reported [3, 4]. Such a delay is increasingly unwarranted because of the availability of effective treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an imaging modality that may shorten the delay between the start of symptoms and a classifying diagnosis of AS or SpA since MRI can detect inflammation early [5–7]. Algorithms for diagnostic purposes have recently been proposed in which MRI of the SI joints was attributed a prominent place [8]. In order to judge whether MRI is helpful in making an early diagnosis, the psychometric properties of assessing inflammation and structural changes by MRI should appropriately be tested in patients with very early disease and not only in those with advanced AS. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether MRI could reliably assess inflammation and structural damage of SI joints in patients with short-term inflammatory back pain.
Patients with inflammatory low back pain present for two years at most, and without a confirmed rheumatologic diagnosis, were eligible for this study. Inflammatory back pain was defined according to the Calin criteria [9]. Inflammatory back pain by these criteria is defined if at least four of the five following characteristics are present: insidious onset, onset before the age of 40 years, persistence for at least three months, association with morning stiffness, and improvement with exercise. Patients also could be included if three out of five of these criteria were present plus night pain. Preferably, but this is not obligatory, patients should have at least one feature of SpA according to the European Spondylarthropathy Study Group criteria: presence of a family member with AS, and presence or history of psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or uveitis.
The study was approved by the institutional review board and all patients gave written informed consent.
Magnetic resonance imaging
A MRI examination of the SI joints was performed using a 1.5 Tesla Philips Gyro scan ACS-NT (Philps, Best, The Netherlands). Patients were scanned in a supine position using a Synergy-spine coil as the surface coil. We chose a coronal oblique scan plane parallel to the length of the sacrum and two slabs: one transversal slab was positioned cranially to the region of interest, to diminish flow artefacts; and one was positioned frontally through the bowel and anterior abdominal wall, to diminish motion artefacts of breathing and bowel movements. The following sequences were used: T1-weighted spin echo (SE), short-tau inversion recovery (STIR), T2-weighted fast SE with fat saturation, and T1-weighted SE with fat suppression after the intravenous administration of contrast medium (gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentate, 0.1 mmol/kg body weight).
Different relevant MRI findings with regard to sacroiliitis were identified from the literature; a differentiation was made between inflammatory changes and structural changes and the different localization of these changes. Pathological changes of interest were defined as inflammation and structural changes including erosions, sclerosis and ankylosis. Regions of interest were the subchondral region, the bone marrow, the joint capsule, the joint space and the retro-auricular ligaments.
Firstly, in different sessions, MRI scans were reviewed and scored together by two observers (LHD and RW) and discrepancies in scoring were extensively discussed. After these training sessions, inter-reader reliability was assessed for a small subset of MRI scans. As the reliability appeared sufficiently high, each MRI was thereafter independently scored by these two observers, who were blind for the patient identity and for clinical, laboratory and radiological data. Findings were graded as 0 (absent), 1 (minimal), 2 (moderate) and 3 (extensive). Inflammation was scored per SI joint in the subchondral region (the region adjacent to the cortical lamella, extending 0.5 cm into the bone marrow cavity), the bone marrow, the joint capsule (the transition of the joint space to para-articular soft tissue), the joint space (defined as the space between the cortical lamellae) and the retro-auricular ligaments. Inflammation was defined as a low signal intensity on T1, with enhancement after gadolinium administration, and/or high signal intensity on STIR and/or T2 fast SE. Inflammation in ligaments was defined as areas of low signal intensity running through high signal intensity tissue on T1, which reflects interosseous ligaments crossing juxta-articular fatty tissue.
Structural changes were scored per SI joint, and included erosions (an irregularly delineated joint space on T1), sclerosis (low signal intensity on T1, STIR and T2 fast SE, without enhancement after gadolinium administration) and ankylosis (the disappearance of the joint space in all sequences).
Inflammation and sclerosis were scored on the iliac and sacral side of both SI joints separately. Erosions and ankylosis were scored for the entire left and right SI joints. Active inflammation was defined as inflammation in at least one of the joint regions (subchondral bone, bone marrow, ligaments, joint capsule, joint space) and the presence of structural damage as erosions, sclerosis and/or ankylosis per SI joint.
Agreement between both MRI readers with respect to inflammation (per site) and chronic changes (sclerosis, erosions and ankylosis) was analysed by cross-tabulation, by concordance and discordance rates, and by kappa statistics (unweighted Cohen's kappa).
Baseline characteristics of 68 patients with chronic inflammatory low back pain
All patients (N = 68)
Sex (% male)
Mean age (years) (SD)
34.9 (10.3)
Median symptom duration (months) (interquartile range)
18.0 [12.0–24.0]
Criteria for inflammatory low back pain
Three criteria present (%)
Four criteria present (%)
Five criteria present (%)
Night pain present (%)
HLA-B27 present (%)
History of inflammatory bowel disease present (%)
History of uveitis present (%)
History of psoriasis present (%)
Family history of ankylosing spondylitis present (%)
Agreement on MRI findings
Agreement between two observers with respect to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics per site per sacroiliac joint in 68 patients with inflammatory low back pain
MRI characteristic per site
Sacroiliac joint
Present (n)
Absent (n)
Concordance rate
Discordance rate
Cohen's kappa value
At any site
Bone marrow ± subchondral bone
Joint capsule
Joint space
Chronic changes
Number of patients with abnormalities (inflammation, chronic changes or both) based on concordant observations by both readers
Number of patients with involvement of sacroiliac joints
Only the left sacroiliac joint
Only the right sacroiliac joint
Both sacroiliac joints
One or two sacroiliac joints
Structural changes (ankylosis, sclerosis, erosions)
Inflammation as well as structural changes
Bone marrow or subchondral bone
Joint capsule
Joint space
One of the important aims of this study was to establish whether inflammation and structural changes on MRI could reliably be assessed. In order to allow a detailed judgement, and to trace redundancies, we decided to score inflammation and structural changes per site and per type of lesion. It can be concluded that the agreement between both readers about the presence or absence of pathological findings on MRI was reasonable, especially for inflammation at sites were it was most prevalent. With agreement levels mostly around 85% for the presence of inflammation overall and at different locations, it seems sufficiently high to justify a conclusion of inflammation made by one observer in clinical practice. Expectedly with reference to the population under study, the prevalence of chronic changes on MRI was low. Because of this low prevalence of structural changes, the reliability of scoring these changes is more difficult to assess. This similarly applies to the assessment of inflammation in the joint space, capsule and ligaments. Notwithstanding this limitation, the overall agreement for the different sites of the joint was comparable, with a possible exception for inflammation in the joint capsule. An explanation may be that the delineation of the joint capsule is poorly defined, which may give rise to misinterpretations.
Another important finding in this study was that it is probably sufficient to look for bone marrow oedema and/or subchondral inflammation. The contribution of other sites of the joint to make a diagnosis of inflammation was only marginal. We found only one patient in whom inflammation was restricted to joint capsule and ligaments.
A few studies reported agreement with respect to lesions found on MRI examination of the SI joints, but none of the studies was performed in patients with recent onset inflammatory back pain. Bigot and colleagues proposed 11 criteria referring to both the synovial and the fibrous part of the SI joint that point to sacroiliitis, and showed a good intra-observer and inter-observer reliability (a kappa value of 0.89 for detecting bone marrow oedema) [10]. However, this was a study in 22 SpA patients with established disease, in which grade 2 radiological sacroiliitis according to the New York criteria was present in 80% of the SI joints. Puhakka and colleagues have proposed a scoring system for MRI abnormalities of the SI joints, which distinguished inflammatory activity as well as joint damage [11]. Inter-observer reliability in this study, which included 41 patients with SpA, of whom 20 patients had grade 2 sacroiliitis or more of at least one SI joint on radiography, was importantly lower (a kappa value of 0.47 for bone marrow enhancement, and of 0.67 for joint space enhancement) as compared with our study. Finally, Docherty and colleagues found a kappa value of 0.63 for inter-observer agreement with respect to inflammation on MRI in a study of 20 patients with established or suspected sacroiliitis on radiographs, but contrast administration was not performed [12]. Our results are largely in accordance with the published literature, although comparability is limited due to the differences in study population, with the prevalence of the abnormalities largely influencing kappa values.
In this cohort of inflammatory back pain of less than two years duration, inflammation in the SI joints on MRI could be detected in about one third of the patients (22/68). Moreover, one sixth of patients already showed signs of structural changes on the MRI scan (11/68 patients). Although the number of patients with structural changes is low, this finding indicates that MRI might be a useful tool in the assessment of patients with early inflammatory back pain. It is the amount of variation in the outcome of interest (inflammation and/or structural changes) rather than the number of patients under study that is important in judging whether the sample size is sufficient to test reliability. As long as all kinds of abnormalities are covered, it is possible to test reliability even in situations like this, with only 11 patients showing abnormalities. Undoubtedly, however, the likelihood of covering all kinds of abnormalities will increase by increasing patient number. The real value of MRI will therefore be ascertained in future, by following the patients longitudinally and obtaining more data, which will occur in this cohort. The development and choice of an appropriate scoring system for sacroiliitis on MRI to be used in clinical studies and trials will be subject of interest in an ongoing ASAS-OMERACT working group [13].
MRI can reliably detect inflammation and structural changes in SI joints in patients with early inflammatory back pain. Assessing bone marrow and/or subchondral bone enhancement suffices to detect inflammation. Inflammation in the joint space, the joint capsule and the ligaments hardly contributes to this detection, because it is associated with inflammation in the bone marrow and/or subchondral bone. About one-third of patients with recent-onset inflammatory back pain show inflammation, and about one-sixth of patients show structural changes in at least one SI joint, indicating that MRI might be a useful tool to diagnose sacroiliitis in patients with inflammatory back pain.
ankylosing spondylitis
inflammatory bowel disease
magnetic resonance imaging
spin echo
- SpA:
short-tau inversion recovery.
This study was partly supported by a grant from the Dutch Arthritis Association.
Authors' Affiliations
- van der Linden SM, Valkenburg HA, de Jongh BM, Cats A: The risk of developing ankylosing spondylitis in HLA-B27 positive individuals. A comparison of relatives of spondylitis patients with the general population. Arthritis Rheum. 1984, 27: 241-249.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Dougados M, van der Linden S, Juhlin R, Huitfeldt B, Amor B, Calin A, Cats A, Dijkmans B, Olivieri I, Pasero G, The European Spondylarthropathy Study Group, et al: The European Spondylarthropathy Study Group preliminary criteria for the classification of spondylarthropathy. Arthritis Rheum. 1991, 34: 1218-1227.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Feldtkeller E, Bruckel J, Khan MA: Scientific contributions of ankylosing spondylitis patient advocacy groups. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2000, 12: 239-247. 10.1097/00002281-200007000-00002.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Spoorenberg A, de Vlam K, van der Heijde D, de Klerk E, Dougados M, Mielants H, van der Tempel , Boers M, van der Linden Sj: Radiological scoring methods in ankylosing spondylitis: reliability and sensitivity to change over one year. J Rheumatol. 1999, 26: 997-1002.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Braun J, Bollow M, Eggens U, Konig H, Distler A, Sieper J: Use of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging with fast imaging in the detection of early and advanced sacroiliitis in spondylarthropathy patients. Arthritis Rheum. 1994, 37: 1039-1045.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Bollow M, Loreck D, Banzer D, Brandt H, Zerbes K, Kourik W, Mellorowicz H, Backhaus M, Schmidt W, Bohl-Buhler M, et al: Diagnostic imaging of inflammation in the axial skeleton. Zeitschr Rheumatol. 1999, 58: 61-70. 10.1007/s003930050154.Google Scholar
- Braun J, van der Heijde D: Imaging and scoring in ankylosing spondylitis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2002, 16: 573-604.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Rudwaleit M, van der Heijde D, Khan MA, Braun J, Sieper J: How to diagnose axial spondyloarthritis early. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004, 63: 535-543. 10.1136/ard.2003.011247.PubMed CentralView ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Calin A, Porta J, Fries JF, Schurman DJ: Clinical history as a screening test for ankylosing spondylitis. JAMA. 1977, 237: 2613-2614. 10.1001/jama.237.24.2613.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Bigot J, Loeuille D, Chary-Valckenaere I, Pourel J, Cao MM, Blum A: Determination of the best diagnostic criteria of sacroiliitis with MRI. J Radiol. 1999, 80: 1649-1657.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Puhakka KB, Jurik AG, Egund N, Schiottz-Christensen B, Stengaard-Pedersen K, van Overeem Hansen G, Christiansen J: Imaging of sacroiliitis in early seronegative spondylarthropathy. Assessment of abnormalities by MR in comparison with radiography and CT. Acta Radiol. 2003, 44: 218-229. 10.1034/j.1600-0455.2003.00034.x.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Docherty P, Mitchell MJ, MacMillan L, Mosher D, Barnes DC, Hanly JG: Magnetic resonance imaging in the detection of sacroiliitis. J Rheumatol. 1992, 19: 393-401.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Landewé R, Hermann K-G, van der Heijde D, Baraliakos X, Jurik A-G, Lambert R, Ostergaard M, Rudwaleit M, Salonen D, Braun J, the ASAS/OMERACT MRI in AS Working Group: Scoring sacro-iliac joints by magnetic resonance imaging. A multiple-reader reliability experiment. J Rheumatol. 2005, 32: 2050-2055.PubMedGoogle Scholar
This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is cited.