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Sensors 2008, 8(4), 2413-2423; doi:10.3390/s8042413
Full Research Paper
Heavy Metal Concentrations in Soils and Factors Affecting Metal Uptake by Plants in the Vicinity of a Korean Cu-W Mine
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Korea; Fax: (822)-466-4795
Received: 11 March 2008 / Accepted: 1 April 2008 / Published: 4 April 2008
:Heavy metal concentrations were measured in soils and plants in and around a copper-tungsten mine in southeast Korea to investigate the influence of past base metal mining on the surface environment. The results of chemical analysis indicate that the heavy metals in soils decreased with distance from the source, controlled mainly by water movement and topography. The metal concentrations measured in plant species generally decreased in the order; spring onions > soybean leaves > perilla leaves ≈ red pepper > corn grains ≈ jujube grains, although this pattern varied moderately between different elements. The results agree with other reports that metal concentrations in leaves are usually much higher than those in grain. Factors influencing the bioavailability of metals and their occurrences in crops were found as soil pH, cation exchange capacity, organic matter content, soil texture, and interaction among the target elements. It is concluded that total metal concentrations in soils are the main controls on their contents in plants. Soil pH was also an important factor. A stepwise linear multiple regression analysis was also conducted to identify the dominant factors influencing metal uptake by plants. Metal concentrations in plants were also estimated by computer-aided statistical methods.
Heavy metal; mining activities; metal uptake; soil pollution1. Introduction
Heavy metals are released into the environment by both natural and anthropogenic sources. With the exception of soils derived from the physical and chemical weathering of parent materials containing elevated levels of trace elements (e.g. black shales and basic igneous rocks), the presence of elevated metal concentrations in the environment is related to man's activities [1-4].
Mining, smelting, and the associated activities are one of important sources by which soils, plants, and surface waters are contaminated. In addition, there may also be safety risks for people working in mines and smelters or for those living close by with the risk of habitat destruction. For example, soils totalling 4,000 km2 or more have been contaminated by heavy metals in the vicinity of mining and smelting areas in England and Wales, [5]. It is estimated that the median values of worldwide emissions of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn into soils were 22, 954, 796 and 1,372 106 kg yr−1, respectively; more than half of those metals were associated with base metal mining and smelting activities [6].
Numerous studies regarding metal contamination in metalliferous mining and smelting areas have been carried out in the United Kingdom [7-9], in the United States [10] and in other countries. Although there is a long history of mining in Korea, limited studies have been undertaken to deal with heavy metal contamination from mining [2, 4, 11-12].
The present study focuses on metal dispersion and environmental impacts of heavy metals in soils and plants in the vicinity of the Dalsung copper-tungsten mine located in southeast Korea. The site is one of the biggest Cu mines in Korea with a maximum production in the 1960s. During the period of active operation, the mine produced 5 to 10 % of the total Cu output of Korea. The geology of the site is greatly influenced by volcanic activities; as a consequence, it is composed of quartz-monzonite, andesitic breccia, andesite porphyry and partly volcanic rocks (such as rhyolite, volcanic ashes and tuff) [13]. The ore minerals of the mine, classified as a hydrothermal replacement type embedded in breccia pipe consist of chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) and wolframite ((Fe.Mn)WO4) associated with bismuthinite (Bi2S3) and pyrite (FeS2). The mine stopped its production in 1973. It was suggested to construct concrete bays to reduce the discharge of heavy metals downstream from the mine dump; mine reclamation work with soil-topping method was adapted in 2002 [12]. Nevertheless, the mine dump with enhanced metal contents has been discharged downstream which may adversely influence crops growing on the surrounding land. As local residents consume these crop plants continuously, this may possibly have adverse impacts on human health.
The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of this base metal mining and associated waste materials on heavy metal contamination of soils and crop plants. This study will contribute to the knowledge required to resolve practically environmental problems in mining areas, where metal contamination may adversely influence crops, animal and human health.
2. Methodology
Surface soil samples (0-15 cm depth) were taken by hand auger (2.5 cm diameter) from the mine dump, uncultivated upland and alluvial soils, household gardens, and a nearby control area (Figure 1). Each surface soil sample comprised a composite of nine subsamples collected from a 1 × 1 metre square. Random samples of plants were taken from each site growing within the mine dump areas and household gardens including corn grain (Zea mays), jujube grain (Zizyphus jujuba), perilla leaves (P. frutescens var. japonica), red pepper (Capsicum annuum), soybean leaves (Glycine max) and spring onions (Allium cepa). Soils were dried in an air-circulating oven at 25 °C and sieved to 10 mesh (< 2 mm). After quartering, the samples were ground to 80 mesh (< 180 μm) in a mortar. Plant samples were washed in tap water and deionised water vigorously, dried in an air-circulating oven at 25°C, milled in a herbage mill, and repackaged in sealed plastic bags.
After this preparation stage, soils were digested in 4:1 ratio of concentrated nitric and perchloric acids and taken to dryness. The residue was then leached with 5M hydrochloric acid and finally diluted to 1M HCl. The samples were analysed for a multi-element suite including Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry [14]. Plant samples were digested in fuming nitric acid followed by concentrated perchloric acid, leached with the same procedure as that used for soil and analysed by ICP-AES [14].
The soil pH was measured using a 2.5:1 ratio of deionised water to soil sample. In addition, loss-on-ignition [15] and cation exchange capacity [16] were measured. For statistical examination of the data, the "MINITAB" statistics package was used. A rigorous quality control programme assesses the accuracy and precision of the chemical data. This programme included reagent blanks, duplicate samples, certified reference materials and in-house reference materials [17]. Comparisons of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn concentrations in reagent blanks with their instrumental and analytical detection limit for soils and plants are shown in Table 1. In addition, comparisons between observed and recommended concentrations of metals in international certified materials are summarized in Table 2.
3. Results
3.1. Heavy metal concentrations in surface soils and their characteristics
The range and mean concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in surface soils sampled in and around the mine are summarized in Table 3. The mean value for Cd in surface soils taken in the mine dump sites is 4.4 μg g−1 with a range from 1.0 to 16.7 μg g−1. Cadmium concentrations in soils sampled from other sites are slightly lower than the dump site, ranging from 0.4 to 5.1 μg g−1. The Cu in surface soils of the mine dump sites ranges from 111 to 7,910 μg g−1 with a mean value of 1,953 μg g−1. Soils samples of both uncultivated and household garden sites (within 1.2 km of the mine) contain similar levels of Cu with mean values of 183 and 269 μg g−1, respectively. However, the concentrations of Cu in the control soils, not influenced by mining, ranged from 19 to 49 μg g−1 which s close to the world average of 30 μg g−1 [18]. The mean value for Pb in the mine dump sites is 1,030 μg g−1 with a range of 146 to 3,020 μg g−1, compared to the mean value for the control counterpart (18 μg g−1), which is similar to the world average of 15 μg g−1 [19]. The mean value for Zn in the mine dump sites (419 μg g−1) with a range from 55-2,370 μg g−1 was significantly higher than that in the control area (97 μg g−1). However, some mine dump soils showed highly elevated levels of Zn with a maximum of 2,370 μg g−1.
The general properties of surface soils in the study area are also described in Table 3. Soil pH in mine dump samples ranged from 3.0 to 5.7 with an average of 4.1. Soil pH sampled from the other sites was around 5.6. Most soils had very low organic matter content, less than 10 % loss-on-ignition. In addition, soils in the mine dump sites had a relatively low cation exchange capacity of 11.5 meq/100g, whilst cultivated soils, including household garden soils and control soils, exhibited a high capacity for cation exchange (23.2 and 30.1 meq/100g, respectively). Most mine dump soils had a sandy texture with small amounts of silt and clay.
3.2. Heavy metal concentrations in plants
The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in plants grown on soils in and around the mine are summarized in Table 4. The average Cd concentrations in spring onions and some soybean leaves exceeded 1 μg g−1 (DW: dry weight), but those of others were less than 0.5 μg g−1 (DW). In addition, metal concentrations varied with each plant type. Mean Cu levels ranged from 8.9 μg g−1 (DW) in corn grain to 26.4 μg g−1 (DW) in spring onions. Average Pb concentration in plants varied from 0.19 in jujube grain to 4.23 μg g−1 (DW) in spring onions. Soybean leaves and spring onions exhibited elevated Zn levels, with averages of 163 and 256 μg g−1 (DW), respectively. Other plants sampled contain less than 120 μg g−1(DW) of Zn. Heavy metal concentrations of plant samples from a nearby control area were slightly lower than those surrounding the mining area (see also Table 4). For instance, Zn concentrations of spring onions in the household garden near the mine area are 5 times higher than those of the control area.
4. Discussion
4.1. Heavy metals in surface soils
The area covered with mine waste materials including tailings in the study area is approximately 0.1 km2 (85 m × 120 m) with elevated levels of heavy metals. In addition, these materials have a low sorption capacity for metal ions due to their sandy texture, low pH and organic matter content. Thus, heavy metals leaching from the mine dump have been continuously dispersed downstream by water and wind. The peak concentrations of metals were found within 100∼300 metres and decreased with distance from the mine (Figure 2). Alluvial and garden soils downstream of the mine wastes contain more silt and clay sized particles than the wastes with a higher pH, cation exchange capacity and loss-on-ignition. Therefore, metals dispersed from mine wastes are likely to be retained in the lower areas which have usually been used for agriculture or the production of garden crops. In the mine dump materials, it can be expected that the concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn increase with depth, possibly due to leaching from the surface under acidic conditions (pH < 4). Thus, mobilization of materials at the surface would also favor downslope dispersion of materials in solution.
4.2. Heavy metals in plants and factors affecting metal uptake by plants
It is well known that concentrations of Cd in edible vegetables range from 0.05 to 0.9 μg g−1 (DW: dry weight) and leafy plants such as lettuce, cabbage, spinach contain relatively higher Cd than grain or fruit plants such as apple, barley, corn, oat and rice [20]. Although Cd concentrations in plants grown on uncontaminated or unmineralized soils generally do not exceed 1.0 μg g−1 (DW) [18, 20], over 1 μg g−1 (DW) has been found in some plant leaves grown on contaminated soils from mining activities [11]. In the study area, the maximum Cd levels of 2.2 μg g−1 (DW) was found in spring onion. Grain samples (corn and jujube), however, contained relatively lower Cd concentrations than leafy samples (spybean and spring onion) (p < 0.05). In addition, ratios of average Cd contents in plants sampled in the mining area to those in the control area ranged from 1.1 in jujube grain to 4.2 in spring onion. Thus, plants grown in the mining area contained high Cd concentrations compared to those in the control area, especially in red peppers, soybean leaves and spring onions (p < 0.05).
Although Cu is essential for plant growth, a very small amount of Cu is required by plants, for example, 5 to 20 μg g−1 (DW) in plant tissue [18]. However, over 20 μg g−1 (DW) can be found in plants from contaminated area, especially plant roots grown in mining and smelting sites [11, 18, 20]. In the study area, average Cu concentrations in plants grown in the mining area ranged from 8.95 μg g−1 (DW) in corn grain to 26.4 μg g−1 (DW) in spring onion. Although no Cu toxicity was found, most plant samples exceeded 20 μg g−1 (DW), with the exception of grain samples.
Plant Pb content is generally very low due to its low bioavailability. Lead concentrations in various plants range from 0.01 to 3.85 μg g−1 (DW), with an average value of 0.05 μg g−1 (DW) [21]. Average concentrations of Pb in plant samples from the mining area ranged from 0.19 μg g−1 (DW) in corn grain to 4.23 μg g−1 (DW) in spring onions. In addition, ratios of mean Pb concentrations in plants sampled in the mining area to those in the control area ranged from 1.2 in jujube grain to 3.2 in red peppers.
Zinc is also one of micronutrients essential for normal plant growth, but only a small amount of Zn is required (25∼150 μg g−1 in dry tissue) [18]. In the study area, the maximum Zn content was found in spring onion with 383 μg g−1 (DW). In comparison with the normal amount of Zn for plant growth (25∼150 μg g−1), soybean leaves and spring onions have concentrations exceeding the range. Other plants, however, usually approximated to normal plant growth. In conclusion, this study confirms that soybean and perilla leaves have more metals than corn and jujube grains. Metal concentrations determined from plant samples of the study area decreased in the order spring onions > soybean leaves > perilla leaves > red pepper > corn grain ≈ jujube grain.
Metal uptake by plants can be affected by several factors including metal concentrations in soils, soil pH, cation exchange capacity, organic matter content, types and varieties of plants, and plant age. It is generally accepted that the metal concentration in soil is the dominant factor [7, 18]. Relationships between total metal contents in plants and surface soils are shown in Figure 3. Levels of most metals in plants were highly comparable with those of soil counterparts, although the gradient can differ between plant species. Metals in corn and jujube grains, however, did not show any significant correlations with those of soils.
As mentioned above, there is a combination of factors affecting metal uptake by plants. Thus, stepwise linear multiple regression method was applied to find the dominant factors influencing metal uptake by plants, such application was extended further to predict metal concentrations in plants under these specific soils and climatic conditions. Obtaining a best fit regression equation is undertaken by a step-by-step procedure. The first independent variable was always total metal content in surface soils. From the correlation matrix, the second major factor was found, and the regression equation was calculated using a statistical package. At every stage, the significance of the equation was tested by the coefficient of determination (r2) and probability (P). If the equation was not significant, i.e., a low r-squared value or high probability, other factors were used to obtain the best fit regression equation for predicting metal concentrations in plants.
The results of linear multiple regressions are presented in Table 5. Total metal concentrations in soil are the main factor, being correlated positively with metals in plants on each occasion. In addition, soil pH, correlated negatively with metals in plants, played an important role in governing metal uptake by plants. Other factors such as cation exchange capacity, loss-on-ignition and soil texture also contributed to the prediction of metal concentrations in plants in some cases.
5. Conclusions
Both soils and plants have been contaminated by previous mining in this study area. The most elevated concentrations of metals were found in soils in the mine dump sites, with average of 1,953, 419, 4.4, and 1,030 of μg g−1 for Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb, respectively. Household gardens and uncultivated areas downstream had moderately elevated soil metal concentrations and exceeded those at a nearby control site. Metal concentrations in plants varied with the plant species, higher levels were found in plant leaves and lower levels in grain. In particular, Thus, metal concentrations in sampled plants decreased in the order spring onion > soybean leaves > perilla leaves ≈ red pepper > corn grain ≈ jujube grain. In the same plant species, metal concentrations decreased in the order Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd due to mainly to differences in the total metal concentrations in soils and their bioavailability. Thus, long-term metal exposure by regular consumption of locally grown vegetables poses potentially health problems to animal and residents in the vicinity of the mine, although no adverse health effects have as yet been observed. Metal levels in plants sampled in the control area were within normal ranges. This study also examined the use of a linear multiple regression method as a technique for finding the dominant factors affecting metal uptake by plants, and for predicting metal concentrations in plants. The results showed total metal content in surface soils to be the dominant factor influencing metals in plants; soil pH was also a major factor. In addition, some soil factors including cation exchange capacity, loss-on-ignition and soil texture also influenced metal uptake.
This research was supported by the Mine Reclamation Corporation (MIRECO) in Korea.
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Reagent blank meana) | IDLb) | ADLc) | ||||
soil | plant | soil | plant | soil | plant | |
Cd | 0.009 | 0.008 | 0.200 | 0.025 | 0.125 | 0.014 |
Cu | 0.039 | 0.054 | 0.200 | 0.025 | 0.776 | 0.019 |
Pb | 0.728 | 0.131 | 2.000 | 0.250 | 1.849 | 0.111 |
Zn | 0.865 | 0.831 | 0.400 | 0.050 | 0.839 | 0.312 |
a)Mean of 8 values
b)Instrumental detection limit was converted from μg mL−1 to μg g−1 using factors of 40 for soils and 5 for plants
c)Analytical detection limit was calculated by multiplying the standard deviation of the mean reagent blank value by 2.365: this value derived from t-table using degree of freedom 7 (95% confidence limit)
Table 2.
Comparison between observed and recommended concentrations of metals in international certified materials (Units: μg g−1).
Reference materials | Metals (numbers) | Observed value | Recommended value | Bias (%)c) | ||
m±2stda) | RSD(%)b) | m±2std | RSD(%) | |||
SRM2711 | Cd(Nd)=8) | 40.7±2.33 | 2.92 | 41.7±0.25 | 3.00 | −2.40 |
(soil) | Cu(N=8) | 112±11.4 | 5.20 | 114±2.0 | 0.90 | −1.75 |
Pb(N=8) | 1,059±23.9 | 1.15 | 1,162±31 | 1.36 | −8.86 | |
Zn(N=8) | 346±22.9 | 3.38 | 350±4.8 | 0.70 | −1.26 | |
CRM281 | Cd(N=8) | 0.14±0.02 | 6.58 | 0.12±0.00 | 1.28 | +16.7 |
(rye grass) | Cu(N=8) | 9.24±0.45 | 2.49 | 9.65±0.38 | 2.00 | −4.25 |
Pb(N=8) | 2.45±0.47 | 9.82 | 2.38±0.11 | 2.36 | +2.94 | |
Zn(N=8) | 26.9±2.69 | 5.09 | 31.5±1.4 | 2.27 | −14.6 |
a)Mean value ± 2 × standard deviation (95% confidence limit)
b)RSD(%) (residual standard deviation) = (standard deviation / observed mean) × 100
c)Bias (%) = {(observed mean – recommended mean) / recommended mean{ × 100
d)Number of samples
Mine dump (Na)=36) | Uncultivated (N=6) | Household garden (N=30) | Control (N=18) | |
Cd (mg/kg) | 4.4±3.6b) | 1.8±0.5 | 1.8±0.9 | 0.9±0.4 |
Cu (mg/kg) | 1,953±1,811 | 183±92 | 269±299 | 29±9 |
Pb (mg/kg) | 1,028±616 | 63±26 | 84±54 | 18±3 |
Zn (mg/kg) | 419±462 | 136±30 | 175±68 | 97±14 |
pH | 4.1±0.7 | 5.3±0.8 | 5.6±0.9 | 5.6±0.5 |
CEC (meq/100g) | 11.4±3.4 | 17.5±1.9 | 23.2±10.5 | 30.1±14.7 |
Sand (%) | 86±7 | 66±2 | 70±6 | 65±4 |
Silt (%) | 8±3 | 22±1 | 20±5 | 23±6 |
Clay (%) | 6±4 | 12±1 | 10±4 | 12±4 |
a)Number of samples;
b)Mean ± standard deviation
Site | Na) | Cd | Cu | Pb | Zn | |
Corn grain | Mining area | 3 | 0.41±0.07b) | 8.95±4.12 | 0.41±0.11 | 40.7±10.3 |
Control area | 1 | 0.15 | 1.60 | 0.18 | 20.0 | |
Ratioc) | 2.7 | 5.6 | 2.3 | 2.1 | ||
Jujube grain | Mining area | 6 | 0.47±0.02 | 9.17±0.72 | 1.19±0.04 | 22.5±2.80 |
Control area | 2 | 0.44±0.01 | 8.43±0.09 | 0.10±0.02 | 18.0±0.40 | |
Ratio | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.9d) | 1.3d) | ||
Perilla leaves | Mining area | 3 | 0.24±0.04 | 26.0±2.62 | 1.33±0.12 | 80.7±28.2 |
Control area | 2 | 0.18±0.02 | 21.6±0.85 | 1.13±0.10 | 52.8±0.60 | |
Ratio | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.5 | ||
Red pepper | Mining area | 6 | 0.34±0.05 | 25.5±5.86 | 1.22±0.28 | 32.2±3.29 |
Control area | 4 | 0.27±0.02 | 8.45±0.62 | 0.38±0.07 | 28.1±0.56 | |
Ratio | 1.3d) | 3.0d) | 32d) | 1.1d) | ||
Soybean leaves | Mining area | 8 | 1.01±0.45 | 18.9±3.00 | 2.41±0.39 | 163±46.4 |
Control area | 3 | 0.24±0.05 | 10.5±1.81 | 1.55±0.15 | 54.9±20.9 | |
Ratio | 4.2d) | 1.8d) | 1.6d) | 3.0d) | ||
Spring onion | Mining area | 4 | 1.88±0.35 | 26.4±4.58 | 4.23±1.16 | 256±79.5 |
Control area | 4 | 0.77±0.10 | 18.3±1.72 | 3.02±0.18 | 47.4±13.6 | |
Ratio | 24d) | 1.4 | 1.4 | 5.3d) |
a)Number of samples
b)Mean ± standard deviation
c)Calculated by mean concentrations in plants grown in the mining area divided by that in the control area
d)Significant difference in mean concentrations in plants sampled between in the mining area and control area at p < 0.05
Plant type | Multiple regression equation* | r2(%) |
Corn grain (N=4) | (Zn)s = 47.113 + 0.251 (Zn)s - 7.102 LOI | 98.84 |
Jujube grain (N=8) | (Cu)p = 10.3012 + 0.0068 (Cu)s - 0.3892 pH | 83.78 |
(Zn)p = 18.12 + 0.05 (Zn)s - 0.78 LOI | 90.04 | |
(Pb)p = 0.0687 + 0.0017 (Pb)s | 82.19 | |
Perilla leaves (N=5) | (Cu)p = 20.655 + 0.0253 (Cu)s | 93.32 |
(Zn)p = 6.6733 + 0.4495 (Zn)s | 91.58 | |
Red pepper (N=10) | (Cu)p = 5.0217 + 0.1047 (Cu)s | 98.53 |
(Zn)p = 21.3541 + 0.0718 (Zn)s | 87.84 | |
(Cd)p = 0.289 + 0.093 (Cd)s - 0.015 pH | 87.69 | |
(Pb)p = 0.1623 + 0.0157 (Pb)s | 94.79 | |
Soybean leaves (N=11) | (Cu)p = 81.916 + 0.318 (Cu)s - 4.012 pH - 0.722 sand | 96.24 |
(Zn)p = -34.261 + 1.369 (Zn)s | 70.89 | |
(Pb)p = 3.614 + 0.006 (Pb)s - 0.341 pH | 86.94 | |
Spring onions (N=8) | (Cu)p = 17.916 + 0.067 (Cu)s - 3.601 pH - 0.853 silt | 94.35 |
(Zn)p = 516 + 2.28 (Zn)s - 124 pH | 94.17 | |
(Cd)p = -0.291 + 0.347 (Cd)s - 0.477 pH + 0.532 LOI | 96.31 | |
(Pb)p = 14.143 + 0.051 (Pb)s - 0.186 sand | 90.18 |
Note : (Cu)p = Cu in plant (μg g−1, dry weight); (Cu)s = Cu in surface soil (μg g−1);
© 2008 by MDPI (http://www.mdpi.org). Reproduction is permitted for noncommercial purposes.


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Run the New York Unity Race
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10:00 a.m.–3:00 p.m.
Run the New York Unity Race and compete to win Cash Prizes . Proceeds from the New York Unity Race will help to cultivate a healty relationship between the NYPD and the community
Category: Sports
Scarecrows: From Heartland to Horror
at The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx
10:00 a.m.–6:00 p.m.
Sculptor and artist Ray Villafane returns to New York Botanical Garden to create an original installation that explores the evolution of the scarecrow in the United States.
Category: Art
Green Team
at Pier 1 (in Brooklyn Bridge Park), Brooklyn
10:00 a.m.–12:00 p.m.
The Green Team provides essential horticultural care to the park, including planting, mulching, and removing invasive plants.
Category: Volunteer, Waterfront
Pumpkins: Playful and Plentiful
at The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx
10:00 a.m.–6:00 p.m.
Explore more than 30 friendly scarecrows set among rare and unusual pumpkins and gourds in the Everett Children's Adventure Garden.
Category: Arts & Crafts
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subset: commoncrawl


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Solos Holidays aims to offer something for everyone and you can choose from a fantastic range of holidays, tours and events and their experience and expertise are second to none. Choose from UK breaks and Dances, City Breaks, Discovery Tours around the world, Sun escapes in exotic locations and a wide selection of Cruises.
Experience Canterburys history and heritage, see their stunning architecture and world famous buildings. Enjoy a day out in Canterbury and visit the magnificent Canterbury Cathedral, have a relaxing short break or longer fun–filled family holiday at the seaside. Canterbury has the perfect blend of city, coast and countryside.
Active. Sociable. Trusted. Co–operative. HF Holidays has been helping people enjoy the great outdoors, inspiring people to explore and discover, to enjoy and relax, for better activities altogether. Learn to dance like the stars, try your hand at bridge, paint like a professional – whatever you want to do on your holiday there will be an activity that suits you.


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Chapter Award
The Omicron Kappa Upsilon-Chapter Award recognizes an OKU component chapter that has created exemplary programs that promote excellence at the local level. The award will honor a component chapter that has created innovative programs that foster excellence in the spirit of Omicron Kappa Upsilon. EligibilityAny component chapter, in good standing*, is eligible to receive the award. A chapter that receives the award will not be eligible for the award for 5 years. Selection ProcessThe Chapter Award Selection Committee will consider all activities by a component chapter that recognizes and encourages the art, science and literature of dentistry. Selection will be based upon the innovative and creative programs that the chapter has developed to encourage excellence in educating and motivating students, faculty and the dental community. The Chapter Award Selection Committee will review all material that the component chapters submit to the Editor for inclusion in the "Component Chapters Activities" page of the annual edition of the Bulletin. The Chapter Award Selection Committee will review each chapter's submission and make its decision by January 1 of the year of the Supreme Chapter Annual Business Meeting. The award will be presented at the OKU Supreme Chapter Annual Business Meeting. Past Recipients
2001: Omega Omega Chapter (University of Medicine & Dentistry of New Jersey) * See Article X, Section 6 of the "Bylaws, Policies & Guidelines" of the Supreme Chapter. |


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Part Number: ISO5851
I am using ISO5851 to drive some Mosfets (IXFN180N25T). They are configured into four half-bridges. The inputs on the chip seem to be getting pulled around. My circuit uses the sample circuit shown in the data sheet with a bi-polar isolated DC supply. Does anyone have experience with this chip? Any advice or pointers will be greatly appreciated.
Thank you,
Could you please the DESAT diode and float the Miller clamp pin and try it again? What are the values of VCC2 and VEE2? I would recommend to try it on one switch first before you hook up all the four half bridges. Let's know how it goes.
With Regards,
In reply to Xiong Li:
Hello Xiong,
I have the Desat connected directly to Out . VCC2 to GND2 is +15VDC and VEE2 to GND2 is -15VDC.
The Miller Clamp is floating.
In reply to Miguel Sandoval:


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Single Southern Comfort ---£8.0. Overpriced 1 bottle Chablis on wine list priced full bottle. £21. Charged. £40 !!!! 2 main courses. Charged £79.90. Overpriced We left a tip at the table but were not asked if we wished to pay a discretionary service charge. Otherwise we enjoyed it all … Read Full Review
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Are in a new bar called the Clockworks in Wolstenholme Square Liverpool. Three rump steak meals two chicken meals one scouse and one burger. All food was of excellent quality. Atmosphere was very friendly. The chef came out to see if we enjoyed our meal.Loved this place and will go again. They are also open for breakfasts… Read Full Review
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A very homely atmosphere. The landlady was very helpful and nothing was too much trouble. A very welcoming place to stay… Read Full Review
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I booked a cruise through cruise1st taking in China, Vietnam and south Korea. The cruise company is royal Caribbean. I am a pensioner and was seeking advice regarding what visas I would need.each of them stated they were not visa trained and it was up to me to find out what visas I would need the holiday has cost me 4.700 pounds. I think this is disgusting… Read Full Review
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Holkham Hall, situated in an idyllic part of north Norfolk is a great adventure for adults and children, especially at Christmas. The play 'Twelve Days of Christmas' was entertaining and a brilliant comedy. The next day we walked on the vast shoreline and dunes very easily accessible and clean. After coffee in the new restaurant we toured the gift shop and 'Field to Fork' exhibition. Great fun for children with interactive displays and a huge cinema screen with videos of modern farming… Read Full Review
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Good venue for a Christmas meal, family occasion or night out. Village location /atmosphere Friendly helpful staff. Varied selection - plenty of food - can take home a 'doggy bag' if some left over… Read Full Review
Visit tripadvisor.co.ukWritten on: 06/12/2016 by AlanBrendaH (1 review written)
The Ocean Hotel Sandown Isle of White Must be the most friendly comfortable hotel I have stayed in. The staff were excellent nothing was too much trouble, the food was good with a varied menu always 3 choices of main course well cooked and well presented. Not often I say this but I am looking forward to making a return trip in the spring. I can honestly say there was nothing I did not like. Many thanks for a most enjoyable stay. … Read Full Review
Visit tripadvisor.co.ukWritten on: 25/11/2016 by Karla424 (1 review written)
if you want to stay in whitby north yorkshire then book port hole cottage it is a small delightful cottage right in the hart of whitby you will find the cottage in loggerhead yard you are just a short walk from all the shops and cafes as well as the harbour the rail way and bus and coach station the cottage is warm cosy good value for money if you need to book this cottage you get in touch with the owner. we have stayed at this cottage many times and can highly reccomend a stay what we… Read Full Review
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If you want to have a good meal, DO NOT GO TO THE HARDWICK HALL HOTEL SEDGEFIELD This was Christmas Dinner.
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Just come back from a week staying at the Atlantica Miramare beach Hotel in Cyprus, we were given a lovely superior room overlooking the pools and beach it was fabulous, the staff were really polite, welcoming,friendly and always professional ,my one and only critisism is their wine is extortionately priced, the only reason I say that is because we bought wine at the hotel nearly every night at 35 euros a bottle only to find the same wine in Asda back home at a mere £6 98P a bottle,so to say… Read Full Review
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Visited York a number of times over the years the best B/B we have been to friendly staff excellent breakfast spotlessly clean and very warm room 25 brill… Read Full Review
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We are just back from another weekend break in Kees Hotel & leisure club. Lovely hotel, very warm & friendly and the food is excellent from the breakfast to the evening meal. We love staying in this hotel & would recommend it to family & friends. It is very central for shopping either in Londonderry, Letterkenny or Donegal. The music in Harry's bar is very entertaining every night… Read Full Review
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Just had a fabulous weekend in the Lakes District staying at the Grand Hotel,Grasmere. Great hotel, lovely staff and yummy food. Handy for the village too. Would recommend, looking forward to my next visit. … Read Full Review
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Delicious fish & chips & cold beer! Wonderful friendly server & staff! Would eat at Pilots at Heathrow on a future visit. … Read Full Review
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A LOVELY HELPFUL COUPLE. STAYED THERE IN JULY 2016 & RETURNED OCTOBER 2016. FOOD EXCELLENT. VERY HELPFUL WITH ADVISING ON LOCATIONS TO VISIT. NOTHING WAS TOO MUCH TROUBLE. IT MADE OUR VISIT TO SEAHOUSES EVEN MORE PLEASANT… Read Full Review
Visit tripadvisor.co.ukWritten on: 12/10/2016 by Jakeg95 (1 review written)
WE RATED THIS HOTEL FIVE STAR , WHY ? LOCATION- AS THE NAME IMPLIES IT IS SITUATED RIGHT ON THE RIVER ,CLOSE TO THE BRIDGE.THIS IS A WELL MANAGED SMALL BOUTIQUE HOTEL . VERY HELPFUL FRIENDLY STAFF(GAVE AND MADE EXCELLENT DINNER RECOMMENDATIONS) . THE BREAKFAST (NICELY PRESENTED AND GOOD, FRIENDLY FEMALE COOK )AND VERANDA AREA LARGE SPACIOUS ROOM, CLEAN, WELL EQUIPPED ROOM , OURS HAD RIVER VIEW . WE HAVE STAYED TWICE AND WOULD DEFINITELY STAY AGAIN . THE FIFTH FLOOR ROOM IS LARGE BUT A… Read Full Review
Visit tripadvisor.co.ukWritten on: 09/10/2016 by karacat (1 review written)
My wife and I have just returned from the ALEXANDRE HOTEL OBAN it was fantastic, Hotel and staff were marvellous. The coach drivers were very knowlegable and their jokes and patter PRICELESS We have had breaks at GLENEAGLES Spain France and Dubai. We cant wait until next year to go back to the ALEXANDRA and OBAN it is FANTASTIC… Read Full Review
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On the plus side Staff were extremely pleasant and welcoming on arrival. I made a poor choice for lunch and immediately regretted it--- steak pie. The pastry was soggy, meat not as tender as I would have liked and the gravy had a flavour of kidney although it was not a steak and kidney pie. I really did not enjoy it . My companions made the better choice of fish and chips which they enjoyed. The surroundings in the bar area are dark with shutters preventing a view to the putside. I can't say I… Read Full Review
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We spent 3 nights in Edinburgh and found the pub grub The Beehive in Grassmarket 5 star in food and friendly top class service… Read Full Review
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Riu Palace pacific.. Beautiful 5 star hotel. Went with Thompsons. Taxi to and from the airport, no buses to crowd onto. Everything was ready when we arrived at the hotel, keys, wifi password, towel cards etc, all in an envelope and was handed over along with a nice cold drink when you arrived Very clean and comfortable. Rooms are clean and spacious with large bathroom and have balconies. Mini bar with fridge and optics refilled daily with beer, soft drinks, water. Optics contain 4… Read Full Review
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Written by ABravesmith


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The 1972 book The Making of Black Revolutionaries is a chronological autobiography of author James Forman's early life and his experience at changing the oppressive politics of the civil rights era. Through the author's telling of his personal experience, and his political evolution, the book, published by Macmillan and Company in New York, seeks to tell the story of the thousands of activists that were transformed from protesters to revolutionaries during this turbulent period.
Let us write a custom essay on your topic
"The Making Of the Black Revolutionaries" with a personal
15% discount.


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Wednesday, 12 March 2014
Mad Men Challenge number 3 - my plans
After much debate, here is the beauty I am planning to recreate for this year's Mad Men Challenge organised by Julia Bobbin.
I was planning to us the Anna bodice with a midriff panel and a gathered or pleated skirt, until I saw this beauty that Anne from Mercury Handmade was selling:
It's Simplicity 4766, a beauty from 1954. Just look at that gorgeous neckline and those gigantic pockets? The red one is a dead ringer for Betty's dress - she even looks a bit like Betty! She certainly has the same feeling of ennui (and the possibility of a cigarette in hand). No dickey or jumper underneath for her.
I'll be leaving off the pockets (but will definitely make one with pockets in the future - I think they use about a metre of fabric on their own!).
I have been scouting for fabric for ages before finally settling on this:
It's by Moda from the Vintage Modern Range by Bonnie & Camille.
Although it's not an exact match for the rose print, it was surprisingly hard to find something closer and I liked that this had the lighter pink flowers as well as the red. I think it will give more of the impression of the original than some of the modern digital rose prints I found.
And it's number 1 of the 5 I have pledged to make for the Vintage Pattern Pledge! Result!
Are you entering this time? What are you making?
23 comments:
Lovely!!! I'm going new school and late 60's, funky fabric with a straight shift
- I really should use the MM3 challenge as an excuse to sew up some 50's lovelies though!I LOVE a good Betty dress. I've chosen her as my inspiration for the SAL the last two years. I'm not sure what or if I'll be able to sew this time around. I think you've got a great pattern and fabric to bring your inspiration dress to life!
ReplyDeleteWow, this is going to be amazing! The pattern and fabric you found are a really great match. :)
ReplyDeleteThat pattern looks perfect - good find! The material's really nice too, looking forward to seeing the finished dress!
ReplyDeleteThis is a great match to the inspiration pic! I won't be joining in this year! But am looking forward to seeing everyone's creations! Especially yours!
ReplyDeleteI can't wait to see your dress! This is a fun challenge, I hope to join in on this too. I love the fabric you chose and it's pretty darn close! Can't wait to see it! :)
ReplyDeleteThis is going to be a stunning dress! Hope you enjoy making it as much as we will enjoy seeing it complete. I won't be joining in this year either but look forward to seeing all the creations.
ReplyDeleteJo I cannot wait to see this! you always come up with amazing garments for the Mad Men challenge and both the pattern and the fabric look like dead ringers for this dress! I need to get planning mine pronto


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- Photo
- Video Gallery
- Description
- View Full Specifications
- Year:
- 2013
- Length:
- 110'
- Engine/Fuel Type:
- Twin / diesel
- Located In:
- Long Island, NY
- Hull Material:
- Composite
- 65591-2079945
- Current Price:
Conceived from the ground up the advanced Aeroyacht 110' luxury catamaran is today's most innovative performance yacht. As one of the largest composite catamarans in the world she is the first model and part of a sleek, new range (A95', A110' and A125') representing the ultimate high-performance, supremely styled - 21'st century world traveler.
Designed by Gregor Tarjan - founder and president of Aeroyacht in collaboration with the renown multihull-naval-architect team of Morrelli & Melvin and Paul "Whirly" Van Dyke of Steve Fossett's "Playstation" fame, the 35 knot capable Aeroyacht 110' luxury catamaran characterizes the "next generation" of high-performance sailing vessels. No compromise has been made to create the fastest and most beautiful yacht afloat. The international press calls the A110' the "Wally" of catamarans as her striking styling and a top class finish set her apart from the crowd. Recently voted by French magazine Design @ Home - famed designer Ora-Ito's all-time favorite boat is our own Aeroyacht 110 catamaran.
Special emphasis on self sufficiency and ecological consciousness has been incorporated into conceiving this landmark vessel. A huge array of deck mounted solar panels, optional wind turbines and environmentally friendly building materials have been utilized to make this ultra-luxury yacht in tune with our times.
One of the most unique features of this super-shallow-draft cat is the fact that as part of the optional equipment, the A110 can be equipped with a personal exploration airplane. The 2 seater Icon-A5 amphibian sports-plane can be housed across a specially built aft beam platform and be used for sightseeing, shuttling guests to the yacht or in case of medical emergencies. Aeroyacht's innovations include many firsts in the world of luxury catamarans such as a Grand Prix style performance rig, semi-flybridge-style twin cockpits, hammerhead -reverse bows and an optional Traxon light wall system. br>
This listing is for a new semi-custom build with approx 28 months delivery from date of order.
Contact Gregor Tarjan at (516) 818 3113 or email him at firstname.lastname@example.com
Click here to find out more about the Aeroyacht range of super cats from 95'-125'.
Please contact Gregor Tarjan at 516 818 3113
Other Boats from Aeroyacht Ltd.
Long Island, NY, United States -
Long Island, NY, United States


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Results 1 to 12 of 28
Threaded View
01-09-2013, 12:42 PM #10Regular 1st Stringer
- Join Date
- Dec 2011
- Posts
- 434
Re: Stat Dump: Flacco plays better late in the season
For some reason I subjected myself to watching that replay about 50 times recently. There are so many things Evans could have done, I think the best of which would have been to make the catch and fall backwards hugging the ball. He was basically face to face with the defender when he caught it and falling would have allowed him to quickly get out of reach and protect the ball.


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Tiny URL: | This page can be referred to using the following tiny url: http://tinyurl.com/jn4w2s3 |
Creator: | Local Government Management Agency (LGMA) |
Subject Keywords: | Appropriate Care. Fire. Emergency. Injury Refinement: Appropriate Care |
Set: |
Injury (Draft) |
Catalogue: |
Data Indicator |
Type: |
Data |
Region: |
Administrative County Carlow County Cavan County Clare County Cork City Cork County Donegal County Dublin City Dun Laoghaire/Rathdown Fingal Galway City Galway County Kerry County Kildare County Kilkenny County Laois County Leitrim County Limerick City Limerick County Local Health Office Longford County Louth County Mayo County Meath County Monaghan County North Tipperary Offaly County Roscommon County Sligo County South Dublin South Tipperary Waterford City Waterford County Westmeath County Wexford County Wicklow County Republic of Ireland |
Description: | Percentage of calls received for fires where the first attendance by the fire service is within ten minutes of notification of the address. Numerator: NOAC, 2015 Denominator: NOAC, 2015 Section 126C of the Local Government Reform Act 2014 sets out the functions of the National Oversight and Audit Commission (NOAC) to include the scrutiny of the performance of local government bodies against relevant indicators (including indicators relating to customer service) that the Commission considers it appropriate to refer to. NOAC's role in relation to the scrutiny of local government performance against relevant performance indicators replaces, in respect of performance in 2014 and subsequent years, the service indicators in local authorities that were introduced by the Minister for the Environment, Community and Local Government (the Minister) in 2004. The last service indicators report to the Minister containing data on the 46 service indicators in respect of 2013 was published by the Local Government Management Agency (LGMA) in December 2014. |
Date: | 09/02/2017 |
Rights: | NOAC |
Suggested citation: | Local Government Management Agency (LGMA). (2017) Pct fire response 10 mins, RoI 2015 [Online]. Available from: http://www.thehealthwell.info/node/1065776 [Accessed: 30th March 2017]. |
Contributor: | Other partner websites |
Altmetrics are currently not available for this resource.


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Interested in working with me? I'd love to hear from you! If you'd like to license some of my work, commission custom art, or have design or illustration needs you think I can help with, send me a note.
Of course this works best when you already know and like my openhearted, whimsical style. For examples of my art, visit my Art page and Etsy shop. To see some of my commissioned work, visit my Art & Illustration page. You'll find links to my published work, on my Books and Links pages, and to see my life as an online comic, read my illustrated posts. They won't necessarily help you decide, but they're fun.
If you're interested in purchasing my art wholesale, please use my Contact form.
I look forward to hearing from you!


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Im 57 years old, living in Pinelands, cape town, south africa. We started offering accommodation 15 years ago in 1999 to backpackers and tourists at our first project called Waterfront backpackers.
This has now evolved into the business brand(Franksplaces), offering short and medium term accommodation to interns, local and foreign students, working professionals and tourists.
At the moment we are promoting our own places in Pinelands, Greenpoint and Observatory. As we gradually upgrade our existing units we will place them on the website
Sort By:


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Elm Tree Project Events
- Reception at The Elm Tree Project Studio
Join us from 3-6pm at the studio for a casual reception. Also, 6-7pm on Brown University's main campus green, a collaborative mixed-media installation will premiere.- Lauren Oakes - Exhibit "Three Green Works in Progress"
3GWIP - Open this week with a closing reception Thursday 4/15 8-10pm at the List Art Center (64 College St.)
-news- read an interview with Lauren here...- The Elm Tree Project Studio nearing renovation
The unassuming brick building on Tockwotten St. is transforming itself into the home of the Elm Tree Project- Elm tree removed from Thayer St.
The removal of the elm tree from in front of the Watson Institute signals the beginning of the Elm Tree Project. The tree was cautiously removed to the Providence Steel Mill for storage, while choice sections were sent to Massachusetts for seasoning.


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Please note……
Due to the approaching centenary,
there is now a high demand in orders.
I cannot guarantee any delivery date given now
or previously on current orders received.
Be aware of a possible, longer turn-around-time upon certain items…..
Please contact me for estimated delivery times on all new orders…..
Click on Products / Services link above to view photos & price lists
Manufacture of quality reproduction uniforms and equipment of the British Soldier from
For the military collector, Living Historian, plus handling equipment for museums & school
Khaki on Campaign specialises in tailor made uniforms to fit you,
These are not a pre- manufactured 'off the peg' items, and hope they fit.......
OR's 07 pattern Service Dress tunic OR's 37 pattern Battle Dress blouse
Please view all WW1 items in photo gallery Please view all WW2 items in photo gallery
Brand new product
Khaki serge cloth, made to the original 1916 spec.
After many years of research, this serge cloth is made exactly the same way
using 6 different blends of dyed wool.
Please go to the photo gallery to see examples of uniforms made in this cloth
Ask for a sample, and compare it with your original uniforms, you won't be disappointed
All items listed are made in the UK
Not all photos of products are shown, please e-mail for further photos
I can produce 'one-off's & special orders, please contact me with your request
Tel; 01263 731318 07910 858767
E-mail: [email protected]
With thanks
Richard Knight
Khaki on Campaign Living History web site
schools, museums
public events
Please visit
WW1 presentation Bishop's Park College, Essex
WW2 presentation Royal Albert Hall, London


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Location: 901 Battery Street
Use: Office
Year Built: 1927
Number of Floors: 4
Detailed Description:
901 Battery is a 4-story plus basement, 88,668 square foot office building, located in the Jackson Square-North Waterfront submarket. It was constructed in 1927 as a manufacturing and distribution warehouse for the Petri Cigar Company and was later the home of Manning Bakery. Today it caters to several creative design, media and public relations firms including KMD Architects, Viscira, MediaOne, Fox News and New Deal Design. The building is fully leased.


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Create Family Memories Near Durango Mountain Resort
(13 Reviews)
The owner has been emailed.
To book this property, you need to complete your booking through checkout on the VRBO website. We can't protect your payment if we don't know you've booked through us. Learn more
- Minimum stay:3-5 nights
- Sleeps:8
- Bedrooms:3
- Bathrooms:3
- Property type:Chateau / Country House
- Internet:Yes
- Pets considered:No
- Wheel chair accessible:No
About the Property
Country House, 3 Bedrooms + Loft, 3 Baths, (Sleeps 8), lake and mountain views
The home was created by the hands of a master with each window intricately creating a new view of the lake. Giant doors lead you onto a deck where you'll find a hot tub that you can soak in after your daily activities. At night the sky is so black, you'll feel like you're sitting under an umbrella of stars. The night is so peaceful you can hear the fish in the water. You'll be located at an elevation of 9000 feet somewhere in the vicinity of the gods. The interior is very comfortable with all luxurious amenities that will connect you back to the real world. Now that you've found the perfect place to visit, look no further for a place to stay.
You can walk out and fish for brook trout in the backyard. We have a canoe you can take out to fish the lake. It is a private lake so you won't see many others. Summer is the busy season in Durango, you can ride the train, hike, bike, bobsled at the ski area across the street, horseback riding, gold panning or rest and read a book. We are 26 miles north of Durango. If you have any questions please feel free to call. Experience Durango, Colorado.
Colorado Sales Tax License # 01514172-0000
Keywords: Luxury Custom Home
When you're ready to book, here are some tips to keep in mind.
Paying with a credit card on VRBO protects your payment for up to $10,000 against listing fraud. We recommend completing your booking on VRBO.
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Member since: 1998
Property Type
- Chateau / Country House
House Rules
- Max. occupancy 8
- Non Smoking Only
- Pets Not Allowed
Accommodation Type
- Vacation Rental
- Guests Provide Their Own Meals
- Wheelchair Inaccessible
Bedrooms: 3 Bedrooms, Sleeps 8, Beds for 8
- Books
- CD Player
- DVD Player
- Games
- Satellite / Cable
- Stereo
- Away From It All
- Family
- Sports & Activities
- Restaurants
Leisure Activities
- Antiquing
- Boating
- Horseback Riding
- Paddle Boating
- Scenic Drives
- Shopping
- Sledding
- Wildlife Viewing
Location Type
Sports & Adventure Activities
- Cross Country Skiing
- Cycling
- Fishing
- Fly Fishing
- Freshwater Fishing
- Golf
- Hiking
- Hunting
- Mountain Biking
- Mountain Climbing
- Mountaineering
- Rafting
- Skiing
- Snowboarding
- Snowmobiling
- Tennis
- Whitewater Rafting
- Wind-Surfing
- Dining Area
- Seating for 8 people
- Clothes Dryer
- Garage
- Hair Dryer
- Internet
- Coffee Maker
- Cooking Utensils
- Dishes & Utensils
- Dishwasher
- Kitchen
- Microwave
- Pantry Items
- Refrigerator
- Stove
- Toaster
Currency ConversionDates | Nightly | Weekend Night | Weekly | Monthly * | Event |
Winter 2 Mar 27 - Apr 8, 2017 3 night min stay |
$350 | ||||
Spring Apr 9 - May 19, 2017 3 night min stay |
$250 | ||||
Summer 2017 May 20 - Sep 10, 2017 5 night min stay |
$375 | ||||
Fall Colors Sep 11 - Oct 7, 2017 3 night min stay |
$300 | ||||
Fall Oct 8 - Nov 17, 2017 3 night min stay |
$250 | ||||
Thanksgiving Nov 18 - Nov 26, 2017 5 night min stay |
$275 | ||||
Early Winter Nov 27 - Dec 22, 2017 3 night min stay |
$250 | ||||
Christmas Dec 23 - Jan 7, 2018 5 night min stay |
$650 | ||||
My Standard Rate 3 night min stay |
$300 | ||||
Additional information about rental rates
- Refundable Damage Deposit $500
- Administrative Fee $50
- Cleaning Fee $150
- Tax Rate 6.9%
State of Colorado Business License 01514172-0000
Owner's cancellation policy:
100% refund for cancellations more than 60 days before check-in date.
Don't forget your vacation protection! Get protected now
Adding our Vacation Protection services can make sure your getaway goes smoothly, no matter what. We offer Cancellation Protection and Damage Protection so you can truly relax.
Sleigh Rides, Narrow Gauge Train Rides, Canoeing
Owner info
Why the Owner Chose Columbine Lake (Purgatory Lake Drive) (Durango, CO, USA):
Create family memories in an open atmosphere.
Contact us
Send email
- Primary: +01 7607532244
- Secondary: +01 8584019513
- Click Here to see All My Rental Listings
Enjoy this Luxury Lake Home in Durango, Colorado
Kitchen lake views
Dining area open concept see through fireplace
Fall Beauty
Sitting are upstairs master suite
Fishing Bedroom 2
Large second master suite
Enjoy paddleboating on the lake
Natural wildlife roam the area
Sunset lake views
14,000 foot peaks
Ski Durango Mountain Resort Stay at Lake Purgatory Lodge
Deck overlooking lake, private hot tub, gas grill, beauty day or night
Open kitchen dining area
Living Room with Deck and Lake Views
Master suite
Master deck overlooking lake and creek
Upstairs loft overlooking the lake for day or night time beauty
Lower master suite sitting area
Columbines seen using the Lake Purgatory Lodge Hiking Guide
Castle Rock
Durango Silverton train- Silverton, CO
Narrow Gauge Railroad
Castle Rock
This listing was first published here in 1998.
Date last modified - Tuesday, March 28, 2017
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Sir David Attenborough (1926-
David Attenborough is one of the most widely respected TV broadcasters and has become known as the face and voice of natural history documentaries. His career in broadcasting has stretched over more than a half a century to 1952. David is the younger brother of actor, Richard Attenborough.
David was brought up in Leicester and went to Clare College, Cambridge to study Natural Sciences; after graduating in 1947, he was called up for 2 years national service in the Navy.
On leaving the navy he briefly worked as an editor for a children's book for a publishing company. However, in 1950 he applied to the BBC for a job. Initially he was rejected, but, his CV remained on file and shortly afterwards was given a 3 months training schedule to work as a BBC broadcaster. He proved to be a good worker and quickly progressed through the ranks of the fledgling BBC TV service. He became in charge of all non-fiction broadcasts and was soon associated with various natural history programmes such as The Pattern of Animals and Zoo Quest.
From 1965 to 1969 Attenborough was controller of BBC2. He initiated a wide range of programmes including live Snooker, Match of the Day, the Likely Lads and Mastermind. David later said he felt BBC2 should maintain a good range of diversity.
However, David Attenborough is remembered primarily for his natural history series that he wrote and produced. These used ground breaking filming techniques and his ease of presentation made the material very accessible and of interest to a new generation of viewers. His major series included:
- Life on Earth (1979),
- The Living Planet (1984)
- The Trials of Life (1990).
- Life in the Freezer (about Antarctica; 1993),
- The Private Life of Plants (1995),
- The Life of Birds (1998),
- The Life of Mammals (2002),
- Life in the Undergrowth (2005)
He also narrated over 250 programmes of Wildlife on One.
The key to David's appeal is his ability to share his genuine enthusiasm and love for wildlife. His distinctive and calming voice have become synonymous with wildlife broadcasting. Interestingly a reader's survey of Readers' Digest found that David Attenborough was the most trusted of British celebrities.
David Attenborough and Environmental Issues.
In recent years David has become increasingly outspoken on issues such as environmental damage, global warming and extinction of particular species. He has stated that human overpopulation and global warming (caused by human activity) are the root cause of much of the world's growing environmental problems. He has lent his voice to organisations such as WWF in their fight to protect certain species and campaign for wildlife. In the last episode of "State of the Planet" he summed up his feelings with this statement.
"The future of life on earth depends on our ability to take action. Many individuals are doing what they can, but real success can only come if there's a change in our societies and our economics and in our politics. I've been lucky in my lifetime to see some of the greatest spectacles that the natural world has to offer. Surely we have a responsibility to leave for future generations a planet that is healthy, inhabitable by all species."
- Humanitarian biographies
- Science Biographies
- David Attenborough at Amazon.co.uk
- David Attenborough at BBC
- David Attenborough biography
- David Attenborough at Royal Society
- Top 100 Britons


text:
Looking for someone?
Search by name and/or location using the search form at the top of the page
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- Find old friends and family
- Double check names of spouses and children
- Trace your family tree
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- Verify people are who they say they are
1 Results for Tom Cassell
Looking for Tom Cassell? Below are the results from the UK Electoral Roll and Company Director data. You can narrow your search by adding a location above if you wish.
Name | Address | Other Occupants | Electoral Roll | Director Info | Length of Occupancy | Neighbours | Property Price | ||
1 | Tom Cassell | Wakefield, West Yorkshire, WF3 Full Address | 2002-09, 2014-16 |


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Now that it doesn't get dark till later and it's not so freezing cold any more our garden has once again become the neighbourhood playground. We had 10 kids playing here tonight. 10 kids and 1 dog.
Which is ok with me 'cos at least I know where my kids are.
Unlike some of the neighbours, it would seem, who didn't have a clue what their offspring were up to. The mother of the 4 year old child from down the road and round the corner is clearly more laid back than me! Although I wouldn't know 'cos I've never met her.
Anyway it's all fine until one of the little sods leaves the gate open and the dog escapes.
But that only happens every 10 minutes or so. And we've managed to get her back every time. So far....
Monday, 12 March 2012
4 comments:
hi Dawn,
im glad your starting to get nice weather now, and just as ours is dwindling away! although today and tomorrow is 30 degrees. I wont complain about that.
On the dog front, I know exactly that, growing up, our dog would hit the balt every time the gate was left open... the cheeky bugger would always be found, around the block somewhere.
very cute illustrations too
Clare x
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Vortex Point 8
The gang needs to perform an exorcism in an abandoned lighthouse. Care to join?
4.08 / 5.00 6,968 Viewsuse arrow keys to move and shoot
24 bit colors
-you can jump to kill bad sheeps
-less agressive colors
-troopers stop before they shoot
Not bad.
The graphics are comparable to the SNES. Not a bad thing. It feels like a generic platformer though. I do however, like the simple controls and the smooth framerate. A decent outing, but I'll keep my eye on you for your future work.
That was really funny! BOOOOooOOOoooOOOM! -ahem- You were on to something, just really unpolished. the shots from the enemy sheep were too unpredictable, and it's too trial-and-error, and not as much of a test of skill, like games are normally good as. Maybe a LITTLE bit of trial-and-error in a game, but that game...was just too much.
thanks for help
i'll add easier ennemies for future versions
here're tricks for floor ennemies:
-if you stand on the same platform they shoot
-walking sheeps don't shoot immediately and have a stupid behavior, jump to not stay too long on floor, manage to stand behind them
-non walking sheeps shoot immediately, u gotta find the good strategy to kill them, depending on environement (jump from strategic height / use explosives / let'em live...)
holy sheep
you made me like dying. absolutely bizarre. i like it!
no one steals our sheeps and lives...
Pretty Good
But i want to be abel to shoot too :)
use down arrow (left hand friendly controls)
A Lame Excuse for a Game
Hope you do some major improvements on the final version!!


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Master of Science in Information Systems
The many and varied outcomes of this program will be largely dependent on the students, the nature of their commitment, and the focus of their course work. Graduates in each of the targeted areas will be expected to demonstrate expertise and leadership in their chosen streams. The program fully expects to enable graduates to fill key positions in Alberta's and Canada's growing information technology and services sector.
For those who are considering graduate courses your may also want to consider the
- The Post-Baccalaureate Certificate in Information Technology Management (PBC ITM)
- The Post-Baccalaureate Certificate in Data Analytics (PBC DA)
- The Post-Baccalaureate Certificate in Information Security (PBC IS)
The certificate programs are intended to provide professional development for those already working in the IT field and highly relevant and immediately applicable, and ladder directly to the Master of Science specialization in Information Systems (MSc IS) program.
- Faculty of Graduate Studies
- Graduate Grading Scale
- Current Course Offerings
- Individualize Study Course Offerings
- Future Course Offerings
- Course Tuition Fees
- Financial Assistance
- Admission and Course Registrations Deadlines
Please Note: Students will not be able to access their courses until about two weeks prior to the course opening.
Email Email Student Support Centre for more information.
Updated February 08 2016 by FST Technical Staff


text:
SCHNEI BAL 2017 - Registrations are now OPEN
Our goal at the "Danzsportclub Rout-Wäiss-Blo Lëtzebuerg" (RWB) is to provide a great environment for competition or leisure dancing to all dancing enthusiasts in Luxembourg.
In the RWB, competitive dancing is limited to modern (standard) dances for the moment. In the leisure sport section, we dance both modern (standard) and Latin-American ballroom dances.
In addition to our regular activities, each year the RWB organizes popular dancing events which are well-known both in and outside Luxembourg.
By the way, the club name comes from the red, white, and blue colours of our national flag.
We hope you find what you are looking for and kindly invite you to have a look at our club and our activities in the linked pages.
Enjoy the visit!


text:
We really love having you listen to RN but we need to let you know that we'll be closing our subject based podcasts (don't worry—we aren't cancelling any shows). To keep hearing stories and interviews from RN, search for your favourite shows in theABC Radio App or subscribe in your preferred podcasting app. If you're looking for something new to wrap your ears around, visit the RN website where there's plenty for you to discover.
May 29th, 2016
Episode 1435 of 1612 episodes
It's set to be a huge week for global financial markets with the release of a string of important economic data.
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Caroline Feraday and Claire Bullivant on Brits in Hollywood, and Hollywood through the eyes of Brits.


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In celebration of the upcoming Christmas season, Samsung Electronics Inc. has announced the Samsung Christmas Giveaways for 2016.
Samsung Christmas Giveaways 2016 |
It is their annual way of giving back to loyal customer's support all year long. The company will over the best of Samsung devices with discounts and freebies with up to PHP 5,700 worth.
Samsung Galaxy S7 Edge bundle |
Samsung Galaxy S7 bundle |
The Samsung Galaxy S7 and Samsung Galaxy S7 Edge, two of the most powerful and beautiful smartphone in the world will be bundled with a fast wireless charger and a great sounding Level U Pro wireless headset worth PHP 5,700. The Galaxy S7 is priced at PHP 31,990 while the Galaxy S7 Edge retails for PHP 35,990.
Samsung Galaxy A7 2016 bundle |
The Samsung Galaxy A7 2016, a midranger with beautiful design and capable 13 MP camera w/ optical image stabilization (OIS) to avoid shakes while taking videos is now discounted. From the original SRP of 23,990, you can grab that phone now for PHP 20,990 only.
Samsung Galaxy J7 Prime bundle |
One of our favorites in this list is the Samsung Galaxy J7 Prime, it is Samsung's finest midrange offering today that's equipped with beautiful design and prime performance. It even has great 13 MP f/1.9 lowlight camera, 5 MP f/1.9 good selfie camera, fingerprint scanner, and LTE connectivity. It comes with the regular SRP of PHP 13,990, but Samsung bundled it with the Level Active earphones worth PHP 3,099.
The Samsung Galaxy J7 2016 loaded with signal max tech, ultra data saving tech, and decent specs also got a price cut. From the regular SRP of 12,990, its down to PHP 11,990 only.
Samsung Galaxy On7 bundle |
The Samsung Galaxy On7, a good Samsung device for anyone on a tight budget at PHP 8,990 now comes with a FREE Level In ANC (Active Noise Cancellation) earphones worth PHP 2,099.
Samsung Galaxy J1 2016 bundle |
For the basic smartphone seekers, the Samsung Galaxy J1 2016 with Super AMOLED screen and the usual good Samsung quality at PHP 4,990 now comes with a FREE In-Ear Fit Basic worth PHP 699.
Samsung Galaxy Tab A 2016 with PHP 1K off! |
If you are looking for an essential Android tablet, the Samsung Galaxy Tab A 2016 might be the one for you. It comes with a 7 inch screen, 1.5 GHz quad core storage, 1.5 GB RAM, 8 GB expandable to 200 GB storage, 4,000 mAh battery and LTE connectivity. From PHP 9,990, the Galaxy Tab A 2016 is now priced at just PHP 8,990.
What do you think guys?


text:
But there were a number of intriguing opportunities to hear unfamiliar national anthems at the medal ceremonies, and there was also the chance to experience a rendering of "Land of Hope and Glory" which I will always cherish. Remember, there are no UK athletes at the games and so "God Save the Queen" is not used. We had already heard a thoroughly respectable version of Elgar's great tune, when suddenly, for no apparent reason, another was blasted forth over the speakers with iconoclastic gusto. Sue Barker pulled a face and thought that the band should have practised a bit more, but the performance's inspired-out-of-tuneness will have delighted the shade of Charles Ives, or indeed anybody who believes that perfect intonation does not guarantee exciting expression.
Next, after settling down to catch up with a programme I had recorded the previous day, I mistakenly pressed "radio" instead of "tape" and found myself listening to an item in Michael White's Best of Three, a son of Pick of the Week. He had chosen an excerpt from a new series, Opera in Action, whose Radio Times billing had not promised much. Just another sequence of big tunes with casual linking material, or so it seemed. I should have had more faith, for presenter Ruth Mackenzie, of Scottish Opera, fired a shot across the bows of the "sound-byte" brigade by placing Nessun Dorma sensibly in context, and showing just how much we missed when divorcing it from the surrounding drama. Puccini and indeed many other opera composers would, Mackenzie insisted, have been horrified to discover how their dramatic vision was being distorted by treating arias as isolated miniatures.
Encouraged, I tuned to Ms Mackenzie's second programme, unpromisingly described as a selection of opera highlights, and was not disappointed. This was far from being your standard sequence of operatic goodies. True, the music chosen was from the well-worn standard repertory, but everything that Mackenzie had to say proclaimed a searching mind and a profound awareness of the multi-layered expression of great music theatre. One of her most arresting perceptions concerned the "freeze-frames" - memorable image - of which music drama is capable, where action is temporarily stilled to examine the complexities of character and motivation behind a critical dramatic moment.
Constantly digging below the surface of a familiar number, she showed how opposed temporal perspectives could be articulated and how an audience's knowledge can be played off against a stage character's. Thoroughly recommended for further listening.
As for the tape I had been attempting to listen to: that proved worthwhile too. It covered the latter half of BBC Radio 3's "Danube Week" which brought us concerts and opera from Vienna, Eisenstadt and Budapest, while the mid-morning Sound Stories journeyed from the river's source to its outlet. The area's exotic cultural mix and bloody history were explored in depth by Donald Macleod. Ovid, Vlad the Impaler, Haydn, Bartok - all was here.


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Filter Results:
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Right ventricle (RV) dysfunction is a key outcome determinant and a leading cause of death for patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). In this report, we followed the 5-year clinical journey of a patient with CTEPH. The tricuspid pressure gradient was significantly increased in the early phase of CTEPH and "normalized" at the… (More)
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) constitutes a part of the multiple organ failure (MOF) syndrome seen with such disorders as trauma and sepsis. Early detection of increased coagulation and fibrinolytic activity is important. The dynamic changes in some markers for early detection of the activation of these cascade systems are presented in… (More)
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Jobs in Rancho Palos Verdes, CA
- 386,114 Resumes
- 41,522 Jobs Available
- 42,726 Population
- $65,000 Average Salary
Rancho Palos Verdes sits atop scenic bluffs within Los Angeles County limits. Close to 43,000 residents enjoy the view and seaside living the city has to offer. Its proximity to Los Angeles gives jobseekers in the area a wealth of resources. At just 45 minutes away, you can find jobs in Rancho Palos Verdes or commute downtown. No matter where you focus your search, you can benefit from knowing about the economy and average salaries for open positions.
Rancho Palos Verdes and the surrounding Los Angeles area have seen recent improvements in economic and employment prospects. Los Angeles County, specifically, saw a drastic decrease in unemployment of more than two percent—8.0 to 5.9—from 2014 to 2015. Though this is still greater than the national average of 4.8 percent, job seekers will find that the area's top sectors of mining and logging, construction and manufacturing provide jobs in Rancho Palos Verdes. Trade, transportation and utilities and information also contribute to the majority of openings, but only two of these fields—construction and trade, transportation and utilities—reported growth between 2014 and 2015. Retail salespersons and general office clerks are the most common jobs. Workers in the area earn weekly wages of $1,147 on average compared to the national average of $1,048.
When potential employers see your resume, they should immediately start thinking of how you might fit in with the company and perform in the role. Regardless of what position you are applying to, there are a few rules your resume should abide by.
1. Don't be repetitive. You only have so much space on your resume, so repeating yourself or duplicating information is wasteful, and it gives readers the wrong impression. Be concise and specific, but do not ever be redundant.
2. Be organized. Clearly delineate each section of your resume to maximize clarity and make the most important parts easy to find. Use headers like "objective," "work history" and "skills" to guide potential employers towards vital information.
3. Double and triple proofread. Nothing is worse than the presence of typos on a resume. This gives employers the impression you lack attention to detail, so you need to rigorously proofread your resume. Enlist the help of a friend, too, to check for unseen errors.
4. Use keywords. Think of the terms you would most like to associate yourself with. Pepper these words throughout your resume to start building that association with potential employers.
5. Impart your confidence. Maintaining confidence throughout your job search is key to being successful. Let your confidence shine on your resume by using positive words and phrasing.
You will have an easier time finding jobs in Rancho Palos Verdes if you keep a few important tips in mind.
1. Stay positive. Hunting for a job can be an exhausting process, and if you've been to several interviews in a row with no results, your ego can get bruised. It is essential to maintain your positivity and continue acting enthusiastically towards all potential employers, no matter how many applications or interviews you've done that day.
2. Be flexible. You may begin your job search with a narrow approach, but you will quickly find that you are severely limiting your options. Apply for jobs that sound interesting, and see where your applications take you. Don't limit yourself to opportunities strictly like those in your work history.
3. Set goals. Assess your time and responsibilities to determine how many hours a day you can devote to completing applications and attending interviews. Set daily goals for applications and weekly goals for interviews to stay on track and maximize your leads.
4. Be persistent. Continuously reach out to the person or department who is responsible for hiring decisions. Until you have been told the position is filled or you are no longer a candidate, you should follow up with them to get updates on the status of your application.
5. Connect with other jobseekers. Networking with potential employers is a good idea, but you should also get in touch with other job candidates in your area to collaborate and share leads. This can provide great moral support and help you discover even more job openings.


text:
Running the Online Software Inspector
On the initial page (below) it's obvious that you click the red button. However, although the button is labeled "start scanner," this does not start the scanner. Instead, it loads the Java program. Or, tries to load it.Java programs are not normally allowed to read files on your computer. Of course, the Secunia application has to read files, so you can expect to see the Java security warning shown below. If you click the Run button, this not only allows the Java program to run, but, thanks to the "Always trust content from this publisher" checkbox being on by default, prevents the issuance of this warning in the future.
Before starting the inspection, I like to turn off the "Display only insecure programs" checkbox. This is a matter of opinion, the important information is displayed either way. I just like knowing which programs were, in fact, inspected. Also, a clean system, set to display only insecure programs, produces no report, which might be confused with a scan that never ran at all.
Initially there is no need for a "thorough" inspection. The default type of inspection looks for applications in their default folders. After getting a clean bill of health with a default inspection, anyone interested in extra credit, can go back and run a thorough inspection. Expect it to take significantly longer to run.
In addition to scanning for applications in non-default folders, a thorough inspection is also needed by anyone that wants portable applications inspected. Then too, applications are sometimes included with other applications. For example, the Adobe Reader or Flash player may be installed as part of another, much larger, application. Scanning for these requires a thorough inspection.
The blue Start button kicks off the scan.
Below is a perfect report card from a Windows XP SP3 machine. Green checks are happy checks.
It's hard to get a clean bill of health. Most likely you will run across a program missing a security patch. In the example below, from a Windows 7 machine, Firefox was at version 3.5.3 and missing the patch to bring it up to the just-released version 3.5.4.
You may be initially surprised to find multiple old copies of Flash or Java. Both programs have a history of not removing prior versions when installing new ones.
After getting your house in order, the next question is when to scan again. Fortunately Secunia has a free reminder service. After an inspection, you may see the window below, offering to email you when there is an update to the software supported by OSI. I find these notifications extremely useful. Even if you don't use OSI, you can sign up for update notifications from Secunia.
As useful as it is, and even though I heartily recommend it for all Windows users, OSI is not perfect.
To begin with, all known security flaws are not patched. It can take weeks for some vulnerabilities to get patched. In the interim, Secunia gives the known buggy software a green check. This is because they scan for missing patches. No patch, nothing missing.
I disagree with this philosophy and would much prefer some type of warning about software with known flaws that haven't yet been patched.
Another aspect of scanning only for missing patches is that Secunia does not check for the latest version of software. As they put it in the FAQ:
"Software can be detected by the Secunia Software Inspector as secure, even if the vendor has released a more recent version. This is because vendors release software updates not just to patch vulnerabilities, but also to fix software bugs or introduce software enhancements. These fixes and enhancements may be non-security related (for example, adding new functionality or features). Therefore, prior versions of software can be secure even if they are not the most recent ones, as long as no known vulnerabilities are reported in them."
And, though OSI is great at finding missing patches, it does not install them. Instead, it merely provides links to patched versions of the software.
Finally, as noted earlier, OSI is very limited in the applications it scans. Among the missing, popular applications are the Foxit PDF reader, the VLC media player and IrfanView. And while it checks all the popular web browsers, it does not go so far as to check their installed plug-ins.
Despite its flaws, any computer with a clean bill of health from OSI is more secure than one that fails inspection. Go inspect.


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Have you met Amelda? She is one of the dolls prncess and right now she is trying to get ready for a meeting with the other dolls in town. She is very popular, but she could use your help to dress up with fashionable clothes. She has to look beautiful, otherwise, people might start talking about her. Use your imagination to find for Amelda the most beautiful clothes that fits with her natural beauty. Good luck!
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Color: Brown
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Product code: 735083
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Add signature Italian glamor to every look with Roberto Cavalli's high-octane pieces. The label is renowned for its exotic prints and vibrant use of color. Choose from dramatic gowns, tailored separates and statement accessories.
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Loading... It's Not Rocket Science (edition 2012)by Ben Miller
Work detailsIt's Not Rocket Science by Ben Miller
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Sign up for LibraryThing to find out whether you'll like this book. No current Talk conversations about this book. As a cure for scientific illiteracy, this little book is not the ultimate answer, but it is a good summary of what we know so far about life, the universe, and everything. It's a fun and informative read. I can recommend it. Some interesting stories about the development of physical sciences in thlate 20th century, but does not add much novelty to the many books available on the topic. Not a bad read, but don't expect too much. no reviews | add a review
References to this work on external resources. Wikipedia in EnglishNone No descriptions found. Black holes. Global warming. The Hadron Collider. Ever had that sinking feeling that you really should know about these things, but somehow never quite grasped them? Don't worry - you're not alone. . (summary from another edition) |
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Typical Florida palm tree landscape is reflected from the grill of a car in the neighborhood. The recent overcast skies have broken to reveal puffy white clouds and blue patches.
Reflections from this first week of school seem appropriate as we get ready to welcome the weekend! One expects certain adjustments to be made as the new school year begins - some tweaking and sometimes major modifications. This week definitely revealed such needs...and more! Once again, I was reminded that no matter how much and how well things are planned, you have to expect and be prepared for the 'unexpected'. And, it seems, 'when it rains, it pours'! TGIF! Naples, FL
Friday, August 27, 2010
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Diamond Ceramic Icon Vase
Love this diamond ceramic vase. Jewelry for your home from London sculptor and creator of the wonderfully named Me Me Me line of jewelry and home goods, Jade Gallup. Modeled after a vintage bottle and finished with a sculpted diamond at the front - perfect on its own or paired with a single stem.Makes a great gift!
Love Jar! I can put my love in it till I need it again. I hope I don't loose my love because when I stash something away, I always tend to misplace it. But then again it's labeled!
Added 8 Years Ago from Jonathan Adler -
this is so wrong it's right. it's a pill holder that says 'quaaludes' on it.'
Added 9 Years Ago from Jonathan Adler