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Mexican Chickadee
Mexican Chickadee: Small chickadee with gray upperparts, sides, and undertail coverts, black cap and bib, white cheeks, and white lower breast and belly. Wings and tail are gray. Legs and feet are gray-black. The only chickadee found in Mexico, and is vulnerable to diminishing habitat.
Carolina Chickadee
Carolina Chickadee: Small chickadee with gray upperparts, distinct black cap and bib, dull white cheeks, and white underparts with rust-brown flanks. Short, black bill. When disturbed in its nest during incubation, it will hiss and strike intruders, similar to how a snake would act.
Yellow-eyed Junco
Yellow-eyed Junco: Medium sparrow with rufous back and upperwings, pale gray rump and head, and pale gray underparts. Bright yellow eyes contrast with faint mask. The belly is white; tail is dark gray with white outer tail feathers. Bill has black upper mandible and pink lower mandible.
Mountain Chickadee
Mountain Chickadee: Medium chickadee, gray upperparts, black cap and bib, white cheeks and nape, and pale gray underparts. The wings and tail are gray. Bill is black, legs and feet are gray-black. It has a white eyebrow, which differentiates it from all other North American chickadees.
Boreal Chickadee
Boreal Chickadee: Large chickadee, brown upperparts, dark brown cap, small black bib, gray face and neck, white cheek, rufous sides, white underparts. Gray wings, tail. Short, weak flights on rapidly beating wings. Alternates several quick, shallow strokes with wings pulled to sides.
Gray-headed Chickadee
Gray-headed Chickadee: Medium chickadee with gray-brown back, gray cap, black bib, white cheeks, and white underparts washed with buff-gray on sides and flanks. Wings and tail are gray with white-edged feathers. Formerly called the Siberian Tit, it is the hardiest of all chickadees.
Bridled Titmouse
Bridled Titmouse: Small titmouse, gray upperparts, black-bordered gray crest, white face, black bib, eyestripe, ear patch border, pale gray underparts. Gray wings, tail. Weak flight with shallow wing beats. Flies short distances with several quick wing beats, then pulls wings to sides.
Cordilleran Flycatcher
Cordilleran Flycatcher: Small flycatcher with olive-brown upperparts, yellow throat and belly separated by olive-gray breast, elongated white eye-ring, and pale wing-bars. Black bill is long and wide, and lower mandible is bright yellow. Weak fluttering flight with shallow wing beats.
Couch's Kingbird
Couch's Kingbird: Large flycatcher, olive-green upperparts, gray head, dark eye patch, white throat, bright yellow underparts. Wings and slightly forked tail are dark. Black legs and feet. Difficult to distinguish from Tropical Kingbird. Slow fluttering flight on shallow wing beats.
Cuban Pewee
Cuban Pewee: Small flycatcher, gray upperparts, dark gray head with bushy crest and white crescent behind eye, and pale yellow underparts. Wings are dark with two faint bars. Upper mandible is black while lower mandible is yellow. Legs and feet are black. Feeds mostly on small insects.
Black-whiskered Vireo
Black-whiskered Vireo: Large vireo with olive-green upperparts and olive-buff washed white underparts. The head has gray crown, dark whiskers (moustache stripe) along sides of throat, white eyebrow with black border, and red-brown eyes. The bill is black, straight, and slightly hooked.
Bachman's Warbler
Bachman's Warbler: Small warbler, olive-green upperparts, yellow forehead, throat, underparts, faint white eye-ring, black crown, bib. It was last seen in the United States in 1962, when it was recorded near Charlestown, South Carolina. In Cuba a wintering female was spotted in 1981.
Black-vented Oriole
Black-vented Oriole: Large oriole with black hood, upper back, wings, and tail, including vent. Underparts and lower back are bright yellow-orange. Black bill is long and slender. Legs and feet are gray. Forages in trees and bushes. Feeds on insects, berries and fruit. Strong, swift, direct flight.
Black-capped Vireo
Black-capped Vireo: Small vireo, olive-green upperparts, black hood, white spectacles interrupted with black above the eye, white underparts with olive-yellow flanks. Wings are dark with two pale bars. Iris is red-brown to red. It has been listed as an endangered species since 1987.
House Wren
House Wren: Small wren with brown head, nape, and back showing very fine dark brown bars, faint white eyebrows, and gray-brown underparts with fine brown bars on flanks and below tail. Wings and tail are brown with darker bars. Brown-throated Wrens have a bolder eyebrow and a darker throat. Northern birds are grayer overall with baring on the flanks. Southern birds have light brown upperparts and buff underparts. Bill is thin and slightly decurved.
Northern Red Bishop
Northern Red Bishop: Small weaver finch with bright orange-red body and black belly. The head has a black crown, face, and bill and the wings are brown. Orange-red uppertail coverts are very long and extend over the short, brown tail. Native to sub-Saharan Africa. Formerly known as the Orange Bishop, its name was changed by the American Ornithologist Union in 2016.
Fish Crow
Fish Crow: Medium-sized crow with black body and dark, heavy bill. Very similar to American Crow, but call is different. Feeds on fish, crustaceans, carrion, eggs, insects, larvae,fruits and berries. Flies on stiff wing beats, alternates several rapid wing strokes with long glides.
Tamaulipas Crow
Tamaulipas Crow: Small crow, shiny black overall with purple-tinted upperparts and duller purple to blue-green tinted underparts. Bill is small and short. Feeds on grains, fruits, insects, carrion, refuse, and eggs and young of other birds. Rapid direct flight with steady wing beats.
Cassin's Vireo
Cassin's Vireo: Small vireo, olive-gray upperparts, white underparts, pale yellow flanks. Head is gray with white eye-ring that extends to brow. Wings are dark with two white bars. Until the 1990s was classified as the Solitary Vireo, along with the Blue-headed and Plumbeous Vireos.
Island Scrub-Jay
Island Scrub-Jay: Medium-sized, crestless jay with gray-brown back and blue wings. Upper breast, throat, and chin are white with streaks. Head is blue with gray mask and narrow white eyebrow. Tail and undertail coverts are blue. Forages on ground. Flies with steady bouyant wing beats.
Yellow-green Vireo
Yellow-green Vireo: Medium vireo, olive-green upperparts, pale yellow underparts, bright yellow sides and flanks. Crown is dull gray, eyebrows are white, and eyestripe is dark. Eyes are red. Bill is gray, legs, and feet are blue-gray. Flight is fast and direct on rapidly beating wings.
Plumbeous Vireo
Plumbeous Vireo: Medium vireo, gray back, white throat and underparts, olive-gray sides, yellow-washed flanks. Crown, nape, and face are gray; eye-rings appear as large, white spectacles. Wings are dark gray with two white bars. Tail is short with white edges. Blue-gray legs and feet.
Cactus Wren
Cactus Wren: The Interior adult has black-and-white streaked reddish-brown back, dark crown with distinctive white stripe over eye, white chin, and heavily spotted white underparts with buff wash on sides and belly. Wings and tail are dark with white bars on sides. Bill is long and slightly decurved. Sexes are similar. Juvenile has fewer and paler breast spots and shorter tail. The Coastal adult is similar to the Interior adult with a darker wash on sides and belly.
Rock Wren
Rock Wren: Medium wren with white-speckled gray upperparts, brown rump, white-over-black eye brow, white throat and breast with fine gray streaks, and buff-yellow flanks and belly. The long tail is buff-and-black barred, and has a pale tip; undertail coverts are white with black bars.
Canyon Wren
Canyon Wren: Medium wren with rust-brown upperparts, fine white spots on gray-brown back, nape, and crown, white throat and breast, and chestnut belly. Tail is long and brown with thin black bars. Head has a flattened appearance; bill is long, slender, and slightly decurved.
Brown-headed Nuthatch
Brown-headed Nuthatch: Medium nuthatch, gray upperparts, brown cap, small, white nape patch, dark eye-line, white face, buff underparts. Wings and tail are gray. Legs and feet are black. Weak fluttering flight of short duration, alternates rapid wing beats with wings drawn to sides.
Eurasian Jackdaw
Eurasian Jackdaw: Small, black crow with glossy blue-black metallic sheen on back and shoulders. Nape and ear patches are gray, eyes are pale gray, and bill is short and pointed. Feeds on insects, amphibians, reptiles, rodents, eggs and young of other birds, seeds, fruits and berries.
Eurasian Skylark
Eurasian Skylark: This medium-sized lark has dark-streaked, brown upperparts and white underparts with streaks on the breast and sides, a dark edged tail, and indistinct crest on head. It forages on the ground by walking and running. Feeds mostly on seeds, grains and insects. They are renowned for their display flight and song. Alternates several rapid wing beats with short glides. Sexes are similar. Formerly called Sky Lark, name was changed to Eurasian Skylark in 2016 by the American Ornithologist Union.
Florida Scrub-Jay
Florida Scrub-Jay: Medium, crestless jay with gray upperparts and underparts, blue head, and pale eyebrows. Throat is gray and breast has blue-gray streaks. The wings and tail are blue. Bill, legs and feet are black. Direct flight with steady bouyant wing beats. Glides between perches.
Fork-tailed Flycatcher
Fork-tailed Flycatcher: Medium-sized flycatcher with pale gray upperparts, black head, inconspicuous yellow crown stripe, and white underparts. Wings and spectacularly long, deeply forked tail are black. Wing linings are white. Swift flight with shallow wing beats. Feeds on insects.
Slate-throated Redstart
Slate-throated Redstart: Medium warbler with slate-gray upperparts, black face, throat, red breast, belly, and chestnut-brown crown. The tail is slate-gray with white edges and the wings are black. Insects make up most of its diet caught on the wing and it also forages on the ground.
Yellow-chevroned Parakeet
Yellow-chevroned Parakeet: Medium parakeet, green overall with paler green underparts. The wings are green with yellow bar; underwing coverts are yellow-green. Buff bill. Pink-gray legs and feet. Feeds on seeds, fruit in native habitat, feral populations have adapted to take in blossoms and nectar.
White-winged Parakeet
White-winged Parakeet: A medium-sized parakeet, green overall with yellow-and-white wing patches, and pale, teardrop-shaped eye-ring. The green tail is long and pointed. Hooked bill varies in color from yellow-pink to olive-brown. Legs and feet are pink-gray. Swift direct flight on rapid wing beats.
Mangrove Cuckoo
Mangrove Cuckoo: Medium-sized cuckoo with gray-brown upperparts, black ear patch, yellow eye-ring, white throat, and buff-washed white underparts. Long, dark tail has six large white spots underneath, each with a dark spot. Decurved bill is dark above and yellow below with a dark tip.
Groove-billed Ani
Groove-billed Ani: Medium-sized black bird with iridescent blue and green overtones, with a very long tail (half the length of the bird). Bill is huge, with arched ridge and narrow grooves. Feeds on insects, ticks, spiders, lizards, fruits, berries and seeds. Flies low to the ground.
Oriental Cuckoo
Oriental Cuckoo: Medium-sized cuckoo with gray upperparts, gray throat, and distinctly barred breast. Wings and long tail are dark gray. Bill is decurved and yellow with dark tip. Feeds on caterpillars, insects and their larvae. Flies low to the ground, holds wings low during flight.
Smooth-billed Ani
Smooth-billed Ani: Medium-sized, shaggy bird, black overall with bronze overtones, thick bill and long tail, often bobbed, wagged, and held beneath body. Feathers on upper breast and back are lined with iridescent silver and are scaled. Flight is slow and weak,often low to the ground.
Green Kingfisher
Green Kingfisher: Small kingfisher, dark green head, back, and wings, white chin, collar, rufous breast band, white belly with black spots. Black bill is long and straight. Legs and feet are gray. Feeds mostly on small fish taken in dives and aquatic insects, amphibians. Direct flight.
Ringed Kingfisher
Ringed Kingfisher: Largest kingfisher in the Western Hemisphere. Blue-gray upperparts, rufous underparts, white underwing and undertail coverts, blue-gray head with ragged crest, long heavy black bill, white chin extends into a white collar. Gray legs, feet. High direct flight on choppy wing beats.
Green Parakeet
Green Parakeet: Fairly large all green parakeet, may show scattered orange or red feathers on breast. In flight the underside of flight feathers show metallic yellow and there may be scattered yellow feathers on leading edge of wing. Swift dirct flight on rapid wing beats, often high above terrain.
Dusky-headed Parakeet
Dusky-headed Parakeet: Medium-sized parakeet, mostly green with gray head, white eye-ring, and yellow-green belly. Tail is blue above and black below. Hooked bill is black, legs and feet are gray, and eyes are yellow. A sizable flock occurs in Miami Springs. Eats fruit, seeds, flowers, and insects.
Monk Parakeet
Monk Parakeet: Medium parakeet, green overall, gray forehead, cheeks, lores, throat. Breast is gray, variably barred by dark edges on feathers. Pale pink bill. Belly; lower back, and rump are yellow-green. Wings are dull green with blue flight feathers. Tail is green above with central blue shafts.
Red-crowned Parrot
Red-crowned Parrot: This medium-sized parrot has dark-scaled green upperparts, pale green underparts, bright red forehead, crown and lores, violet blue neck sides and a yellow-pink bill. First five outer secondaries are red with violet blue tips; black primaries slightly tinged with dark blue tips. Feeds on fruits and flowers. Swift direct flight on rapidly beating wings. Sexes are similar.
Nanday Parakeet
Nanday Parakeet: Medium parakeet, green overall, black head, chin, yellow eye-ring. Blue wash on throat and breast, deep blue outer webs on flight feathers and tips of tail feathers. Flight, tail feathers are gray underneath. Underwing linings are pale yellow-green. Formerly known as the Black-hooded Parakeet. Name was changed by the American Ornithologist Union in 2014.
Common Cuckoo
Common Cuckoo: Large cuckoo, gray upperparts, paler underparts with dark bars on belly. Dark gray wings; tail is dark gray with spotting on outer edges near base. Feeds on caterpillars, insects and larvae. Wings are held low in flight, depressed far below body at bottom of downstroke.
Northern Beardless-Tyrannulet
Northern Beardless-Tyrannulet: Small flycatcher with gray upperparts and breast, slight crest, pale eyebrow, indistinct eye-ring, and dull white or pale yellow belly. Wings are gray with two pale bars. The bill is small, slightly decurved, and dark with an orange base. Weak direct flight.
Nutting's Flycatcher
Nutting's Flycatcher: Medium flycatcher with olive-brown upperparts, yellow belly and undertail coverts, darker olive-brown crown, brown tail and wings, and pale gray throat, breast. Feeds on insects and berries. Strong flight on rapidly beating wings. Hovers and dips to pick up prey.
Piratic Flycatcher
Piratic Flycatcher: Small olive-brown flycatcher has brown crown, white face with dark eye-line and moustache stripe, white throat shading to pale yellow on belly, and faint dark streaks on breast, sides. Dark wings have two bars; pale feather edges. Dark tail has pale feather edges.
Loggerhead Kingbird
Loggerhead Kingbird: Large flycatcher, olive-brown upperparts, dark head with inconspicuous yellow crown patch, white underparts, and pale yellow wash on lower belly. Wings are brown-black with white edges; tail is brown-black with buff-edged tip. Feeds on insects, berries and lizards.
Gray Kingbird
Gray Kingbird: Large flycatcher with gray upperparts, black mask, inconspicuous red crown patch, and mostly white underparts with pale yellow wash on belly and undertail coverts. Bill is long and black. Wings and notched tail are dark. Fluttering direct flight on shallow wing beats.
Gray Vireo
Gray Vireo: Medium-sized vireo with gray upperparts, faint white spectacles, dark iris, and dull white underparts. The wings are dark gray with indistinct white bars. The sideways twitching of the tail is unique among vireos and is similar to gnatcatchers. Forages in low undergrowth.
La Sagra's Flycatcher
La Sagra's Flycatcher: Medium flycatcher, gray-brown upperparts, slight crest, white underparts with pale yellow wash on belly, undertail coverts. Wings have two white bars, dark brown primaries with rufous edging. Long, dark tail has rufous edges on outer feathers. Black legs, feet.
Lark Bunting
Lark Bunting: Large sparrow, nearly black with large white wing patches, short, white-edged tail, and heavy, blue-gray bill. Forages in groung, low vegetation. Strong flight, alternates shallow wing beats with brief periods of wings pulled to sides. It is the state bird of Colorado.
Great Kiskadee
Great Kiskadee: Large flycatcher with brown upperparts, white head with black cap and eye-line, and bright yellow underparts. Yellow crown patch is usually concealed. Wings and tail are chestnut-brown. Black bill, legs and feet. Slow fluttering direct flight with shallow wing beats.
Rose-throated Becard
Rose-throated Becard: Small flycatcher with gray upperparts, large head with black cap, pale rose-red throat, and pale gray underparts. Catches insects in flight. Also eats their larvae, fruits and berries. Flight is weak and often of short duration, with rapid shallow wing beats.
Variegated Flycatcher
Variegated Flycatcher: Medium flycatcher, dark brown-and-black scaled upperparts, brown eye-line on pale face, thin brown moustache stripe, dark-streaked, pale yellow underparts. Dark pale edged wing feathers. Dark tail feathers with thick rufous edges. Eats insects, berries, fruits.
Scissor-tailed Flycatcher
Scissor-tailed Flycatcher: Medium flycatcher with pale gray upperparts and head, white underparts and throat, salmon-pink sides and flanks, and dark brown wings with white edges. Tail is long and scissor-like, black above with white outer edges and white below with black inner edges.
Thick-billed Vireo
Thick-billed Vireo: Medium vireo, olive-green upperparts, brown or gray-brown iris, broken dull white spectacles, pale yellow underparts shading to white undertail. Wings brown with two white bars. Large, gray bill. Most often heard, not seen. Frequents dense undergrowth and thickets.
Tropical Kingbird
Tropical Kingbird: Large flycatcher with olive-gray upperparts, gray head, inconspicuous orange crown patch, pale throat, dark eye patch, and dark upper breast. Underparts are bright yellow. Wings and tail are brown. Feeds on insects, frogs, fruits and berries. Weak fluttering flight.
Common Redpoll
Common Redpoll: Small finch, brown-streaked gray upperparts, bright rose-pink breast, boldly streaked flanks and undertail coverts. Red cap and black chin. Bill is olive-brown with fine black tip. Wings are dark with two narrow white bars; tail is black and notched. Black legs, feet.
Scaly-breasted Munia
Scaly-breasted Munia: This small finch has chestnut-brown upperparts and dark-scaled white underparts. The head is richer brown and the bill is heavy and dark. It forages on the ground or hangs from stems to eat seeds; also feeds on greens and insects. Rapid fluctuating flight, gliding into cover. Native to Southeast Asia, where they have been popular as cage birds. Sexes are similar. AKA Spice Finch. Name changed from Nutmeg Mannikin to Scaly-breasted Munia in 2014 by the American Ornithologist Union.
Rufous-capped Warbler
Rufous-capped Warbler: Small warbler with olive-green upperparts, bright yellow throat and upper breast, and white belly. Head has rufous crown and cheek patch, and white eyebrow. Bill is black and the tail is long and olive-gray. It likes to hide in dense undergrowth.
Common Rosefinch
Common Rosefinch: Small, stocky finch, red upperparts and breast, faintly streaked brown back, white underparts. Bill is dark gray and stout. Wings and tail are dark brown. Legs and feet are gray-brown. Forages on ground and in trees and shrubs for seeds and insects. Bounding flight.
Oriental Greenfinch
Oriental Greenfinch: Medium finch with dark gray-brown upperparts, brown underparts, yellow undertail coverts. Face, breast, rump are olive-green; cap, nape are gray. Bill is pink. Dark wings have white-edged feathers and large yellow patches. Black tail has yellow on outer feathers.
Common Chaffinch
Common Chaffinch: Medium finch. Buff body. Crown and nape are blue-gray; belly and vent are white. Dark wings with white shoulder patches and single white bars. Forages in trees, bushes. Eats seeds and insects. Bounding flight, alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Brown-capped Rosy-Finch
Brown-capped Rosy-Finch: Medium finch, pink-red overall with black forehead, brown head, breast, back. Black bill in summer, yellow with black tip in winter. Forages on ground, eats seeds, sometimes insects. Swift bouncy flight, alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Eurasian Tree Sparrow
Eurasian Tree Sparrow: Small, introduced sparrow, black-streaked red-brown upperparts, buff underparts, single white wing-bar. Head has chestnut-brown crown, small black mask, chin, ear patches. Swift bounding flight, alternates rapid wing beats with periods of wings pulled to sides.
Hoary Redpoll
Hoary Redpoll: Small finch (exilipes), buff-gray, brown-streaked upperparts and brown-streaked white underparts washed pink. Head has red cap, black chin patch. Black wings with two white bars. Rump is pale gray or white with few or no streaks. Black tail is notched. Black legs and feet.
White-winged Crossbill
White-winged Crossbill: Medium crossbill, bright pink overall except for black wings with two bold white wing-bars. Belly has dull white center; white undertail coverts. Black tail, deeply notched. Swift bounding flight, alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Eurasian Bullfinch
Eurasian Bullfinch: Small finch, gray back and white rump. Cap is black and cheeks, breast, belly are red. Wings are black with single white bar. Black tail is slightly notched. Feeds on seeds and insects. Swift bounding flight, alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Fan-tailed Warbler
Fan-tailed Warbler: Small, secretive warbler, dark gray upperparts, red-brown underparts, white-tipped tail. Head has yellow throat and small crown patch, white eye crescents. Walks on the ground rather than hop. Undertail coverts are white. Short, weak flight on rapidly beating wings.
Middendorff's Grasshopper-Warbler
Middendorf's Grasshopper Warbler: Medium warbler, rust-brown upperparts, dark brown rump, white underparts with brown wash on lower breast, sides. Throat and eye brows are white. Tail is short and white-tipped. Legs and feet are orange. Alternates rapid wing beats with wings tucked to sides.
Golden-crowned Warbler
Golden-Crowned Warbler: Medium-sized, tropical warbler with olive-gray upperparts and bold yellow underparts. Midcrown has yellow stripe with black borders. Face is olive-gray with a pale arc below eye. Upper mandible is gray, while lower mandible is pink. The legs and feet are pink.
Brambling: Medium-sized finch with jet-black hood, brown-black back and orange shoulder patches, throat, and breast. Fall plumage has buff-edged upperparts. Underparts are buff with black-spotted flanks. Wings are black with white and orange bars. Bounding flight, rapid wing beats alternating with wings at sides.
Little Bunting
Little Bunting: Small finch with dark-streaked gray-brown upperparts, heavily streaked white underparts. Face and crown are chestnut-brown and black-bordered. Eye-ring is dull white; throat is white. Wings have two pale, thin bars. Legs, feet are yellow. Tail has white outer feathers.
Gray Bunting
Gray Bunting Breeding Male: Medium sized, dark gray bunting with black streaks on back, shoulders, and underparts. Undertail coverts are white. Heavy, pink bill with black tip, culmen. Pink legs and feet. Short flights, alternates rapid wing beats with periods of wings pulled to sides. Secretive.
Varied Bunting
Varied Bunting: Medium bunting, mostly purple-blue with red wash on throat, breast, back. Nape and eye-rings are red. Bill is gray and slightly curved down. Wings and tail are purple-blue. Female has brown upperparts with buff underparts. Eats seeds and insects. Short flights, alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Seaside Sparrow
Seaside Sparrow: Medium sparrow (maritimus), streaked olive-gray upperparts, pale buff underparts, streaks on breast, sides. Head has yellow streak between eye, bill. Long bill, thick base. Short, pointed tail. Short flights, alternates rapidly beating wings with wings pulled to sides.
McKay's Bunting
McKay's Bunting: Large bunting, bright white body, black wing tips, black markings on back and tail. Large bill, legs, and feet are black. Said to be the whitest of all North American songbirds. Forages on ground. Swift flight, alternates raping wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Reed Bunting
Reed Bunting: Medium-sized finch with dark-streaked brown upperparts and faintly streaked, white underparts. Head and throat are black; moustache stripe and collar are distinctly white, and tail is white-edged. Short, low flights, alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Saltmarsh Sparrow
Saltmarsh Sparrow: Small sparrow, pale-streaked gray back, white throat, heavily streaked buff breast and sides, white belly. Head has dark cap, thick, orange-brown eyebrows and gray ear patches. Gray wings with orange-brown shoulders. Brown tail is pointed.
Blue Bunting
Blue Bunting: Small, stocky brightly colored bunting. The male (shown in background) is deep blue overall with black face and upper breast and a stout, black bill. The female (shown in foreground) is uniformly brown with a gray bill. Forages on ground, in thickets and in brushy understory for seeds, insects and larvae. Short flight; alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled briefly to sides.
Shiny Cowbird
Shiny Cowbird: Small blackbird with purple sheen on head, back, breast. Eyes are dark. Black bill, legs, feet. Forages on ground, walking with tail cocked above back. Eats insects, caterpillars, seeds and rice. Swift direct flight on rapid wing beats. Travels alone or in small flocks.
Bronzed Cowbird
Bronzed Cowbird: Small blackbird (aeneus), brown-black overall with blue sheen on wings and tail. Eyes are red and bill is dark and heavy. Feeds on insects, seeds and grains. Often follows cattle to eat insects that are kicked up. Swift direct and swooping flight with rapid wing beats.
Pallas's Bunting
Pallas's Bunting: Medium bunting, gray-brown upperparts with black streaks. Lower breast, belly, and undertail coverts are white. Head, throat and upper breast are black. Collar and moustache stripe are white. Tail is black with white outer feathers and corners. Black bill, legs, feet.
Yellow Grosbeak
Yellow Grosbeak: Large finch, yellow overall with black streaks on back. Bill is large and triangular with black upper mandible and gray lower mandible. Black wings have two white bars and black tail coverts have bold white tips. Alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Crimson-collared Grosbeak
Crimson-collared Grosbeak: Large finch with blood-red body, brown-red back, black hood, bib, huge conical bill, and dark wings. Female has black hood and bib but body is olive to olive-yellow. Forages in brushy woodland. Feeds on insects, larvae, seeds, fruits, berries. Short flights, alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled briefly to sides.
Pyrrhuloxia: Large cardinal-like finch with conspicuous red-tipped gray crest, gray head, back, upperparts, red-washed face, breast, and pale gray underparts. Dark gray wings with red edges on primaries. Tail is red. Thick yellow bill. Eats insects, larvae, seeds, fruits and berries.
Olive Warbler
Olive Warbler: Medium warbler, gray back, rump, and uppertail coverts, and white belly and undertail coverts. Head, throat, nape and upper breast are orange-brown; mask is black. Wings are black, two broad white bars. Tail is notched and dark gray with white edges. Black legs, feet.
Golden-crowned Kinglet
Golden-crowned Kinglet: Very small, warbler-like bird, olive-green to gray upperparts and pale breast. Head has bright orange crown patch bordered with yellow and black, white eyebrows and black bill. Tail is short and wings have two bars. Female similar but lacks orange in the yellow crown. Weak fluttering flight on shallow wing beats.
Northern Wheatear
Northern Wheatear: Small thrush (oenanthe), with gray upperparts, black wings, mask, and tail. Underparts are white, and buff-brown wash on throat. Dark gray back and nape. Very active bird, nervous and restless while foraging. Bobs tail and often makes short flights to hawk insects.
Stonechat: Small thrush with black back and white rump. Underparts are white except for orange breast. Head is black and collar is white. Wings are black with white stripes. Tail is black. Female is paler overall with brown head and buff rump. Found in open meadows and marsh edges. Forages for insects on ground; also picks off vegetation.
Dusky Thrush
Dusky Thrush: Large thrush, brown back and rufous wings. Underparts are white with black scaling. Head is dark, eyebrow is thick and white. Bill is black with yellow base on lower mandible. Throat is white with black streaks and partial collar is white. Legs and feet are pink-brown.
Rufous-backed Robin
Rufous-backed Robin: Large thrush, rufous back, gray head, rump, white throat with black streaks, breast and sides are rufous-orange. Undertail coverts, belly are white. Yellow bill has black tip. Wings are rufous with gray primaries. Gray tail. Swift, direct flight with rapid wing beats.
Fieldfare: Large, robin-like thrush with rufous back with gray head and rump. Underparts are brown-barred white on breast and sides, and white on belly. Wings are rufous. Tail is dark gray to black. The bill is yellow with a dark tip. Strong and fast flight on rapidly beating wings.
Eyebrowed Thrush
Eyebrowed Thrush: Medium, robin-like thrush, gray back and head, orange-brown breast and flanks, white belly and undertail coverts. Black eye line with white borders above and below is conspicuous. Yellow bill with dark culmen. Strong, direct and fast flight on rapidly beating wings.
Clay-colored Thrush
Clay-colored Thrush: Large thrush with olive-brown upperparts, buff throat has faint brown streaks, and pale brown underparts. Bill is yellow-green and black-tipped. The legs and feet are gray-black. Direct, swift flight on rapidly beating wings. It is the national bird of Costa Rica.
Verdin: Very small songbird with gray upperparts and pale gray underparts. Face and throat are dull yellow. Wings are gray with red-brown shoulder patches. Black bill, legs and feet. It builds complex sphere-shaped nests using as many as two thousands small twigs.
Mexican Jay
Mexican Jay: Large, crestless jay, blue-gray back, blue head, wings, rump, tail, and pale gray underparts. Bill, legs, feet are black. Feeds primarily on acorns, also eats insects, fruit, carrion and eggs and young of other birds. Slow steady bouyant wing beats. Glides between perches.
White-throated Thrush
White-throated Thrush: Large thrush, brown upperparts, gray underparts, white undertail coverts. Darker head has thin, yellow eye-ring. Bill is dark gray to yellowish. Brown-streaked white throat is bordered below with thick white crescent. Direct, swift flight on rapidly beating wings.
Gray-cheeked Thrush
Gray-cheeked Thrush: Small thrush (minimus), with olive-brown upperparts, buff-brown breast with brown spots, and white or buff belly. Gray eye-ring is indistinct. Upper mandible is black with pale base, while lower mandible is yellow with black tip. Tail and rump have rust-brown wash.
Bicknell's Thrush
Bicknell's Thrush: Small thrush, olive-brown upperparts, buff breast with brown spots, white or buff belly. Eye has faint gray ring. Upper mandible black with pale base, lower mandible yellow with black tip. Tail, rump have rust-brown wash. Swift, direct flight with jerky wing strokes.
Redwing: Medium-sized thrush with brown upperparts, dark-spotted white underparts, and rufous flanks. Eyebrows are white and conspicuous. Bill is yellow with black tip. Deep rufous-orange underwing linings are visible in flight. Swift and strong direct flight on rapidly beating wings.
Aztec Thrush
Aztec Thrush: Large thrush, dark-streaked, brown-black upperparts, head, upper breast. Underparts are white with dark brown mottled flanks. Wings are dark with white shoulders and tips. Dark tail with broad white tip. Pink-gray legs, feet. Swift direct flight on rapidly beating wings.
Bendire's Thrasher
Bendire's Thrasher: Medium thrasher with olive-brown upperparts, spotted buff underparts. Bill is short, gray and slightly decurved with pale pink lower mandible base. Eyes are yellow-orange. Tail is long, olive-brown above, black with white tips below, and has brown undertail coverts.
Eastern Yellow Wagtail
Eastern Yellow Wagtail: Small wagtail (tschutschensis), olive-green upperparts, yellow underparts with brown spots on sides of breast. White throat with faint brown necklace. Gray head has black ear patches, white eyebrows. Dark wings with two white bars. Black tail with white edges.
Long-billed Thrasher
Long-billed Thrasher: Medium, shy thrasher with gray-washed brown upperparts and heavily streaked, pale underparts. Eyes are orange. Bill is long, black, and decurved. Wings have two white bars. Tail is long and rufous. Legs and feet are brown. Eats insects, small amphibians and fruit.
Bohemian Waxwing
Bohemian Waxwing: Large waxwing with gray upperparts, pink-gray crest, black mask and chin, and gray underparts. The wings are black with a sharp yellow or white line and red spots on secondaries (visible when folded). Tail is dark and yellow-tipped with cinnamon-brown undertail coverts.
Pechora Pipit
Pechora Pipit: Small, shy pipit with heavily streaked, dark brown upperparts. The breast, sides, and flanks are washed yellow with heavy black streaks. Belly and outer tail feathers are white. It is named after the Pechora River Valley in northeastern Russia, where it breeds and nests.
Olive-backed Pipit
Olive-backed Pipit: Medium-sized pipit with finely streaked, olive-green upperparts. White underparts, chin, belly and undertail coverts. The sides and breast are pale brown with bold dark streaks. The eyebrow is buff-orange in front and white behind eye. The legs and feet are pink.
Swainson's Warbler
Swainson's Warbler: Medium-sized warbler with olive-brown upperparts and pale gray underparts. Head has brown cap, white eyebrows, and dark eye-lines. Wings are plain olive-brown. It hides in dense thickets, where it forages on the ground looking for insects, spiders, and caterpillars.
Red-flanked Bluetail
Red-flanked Bluetail: Small thrush with blue upperparts, head, and tail. The belly and throat are white, flanks are orange-brown, and breast has gray wash. Very active bird. Hops on ground while bobbing tail up and down. Forages on ground and in trees for various insects and berries.
Townsend's Solitaire
Townsend's Solitaire: Small thrush, gray overall and slightly darker above. Eye-ring is thin and white. The wings have pale rust-brown patches and black flight feathers. Outer tail feathers are white. Perches upright and remains still for long periods of time and is easily overlooked.
Swainson's Thrush
Swainson's Thrush: Medium-sized thrush (swainsoni), with dull olive-brown or olive-gray upperparts, pale buff eye-ring, dark moustache stripe, and brown-spotted buff throat and breast, and white belly. Legs and feet are pink-gray. Flies in a swift, direct flight with rapid wing beats.
Siberian Rubythroat
Siberian Rubythroat: Medium-sized thrush with olive-brown upperparts, bright red throat, gray breast and sides, and white belly. Head has white stripes above and below eyes. Wings and tail are olive-brown. Often cocks tail upward. Forages on ground for various insects and berries.
Crissal Thrasher
Crissal Thrasher: Large thrasher with gray-brown upperparts and unstreaked, gray underparts. The throat is white with dark moustache stripe, eyes are yellow, and black bill is long and strongly decurved. Tail is very long with chestnut-brown undertail coverts. Legs and feet are black.
Curve-billed Thrasher
Curve-billed Thrasher: Medium-sized thrasher (palmeri), with gray upperparts and spotted, pale gray underparts. Eyes are orange-red and bill is long and decurved. Tail is long and dark gray. Legs and feet are black. Feeds on insects, spiders, small reptiles, fruits, seeds and berries.
Bluethroat: Small thrush with brown upperparts, striking blue bib with rust-brown central spot, black and brown-orange bands across breast, thick white eyebrow, and white underparts. Tail is dark with rust-brown base. Rather swift, deliberate direct flight on rapidly beating wings.
Maui Alauahio
Maui Alauahio: This small songbird has a mostly yellow head and underparts and an olive crown and upperparts. It has olive-gray edging to the feathers in the wing and tail. Medium length, sharp, fine gray-black bill, with buff lower mandible; medium length wings and notched tail. Female is similar in pattern, but all colors are muted. Feeds on a variety of arthropods. Direct, undulating flight.
Maui Parrotbill
Maui Parrotbill: This small to medium-sized songbird has a heavy curved upper mandible, white-pink lower mandible, yellow underparts and eyebrow, olive upperparts, medium-length wings and a short notched tail. Female is duller with a much smaller bill. Feeds mainly on the larvae and pupae of moths and on wood and fruit boring beetles. Direct, undulating flight with rapid wing beats.
Orange-cheeked Waxbill
Orange-cheeked Waxbill: This Estrildid finch is mostly gray with an orange face patch, orange-red bill, brown back and wings, brick-red rump, and orange-yellow patch on the belly. It has pink-brown legs, medium length wings, and medium length rounded tail. It typically feeds on tiny grass seeds. Direct, undulating flight with rapid wing beats. The sexes are similar.
Japanese Bush-Warbler
Japanese Bush-Warbler: This small songbird has gray-brown upperparts, rufous-brown on the wings and tail, a tan-gray eyebrow, a black-gray line through the eye and gray underparts. It has tan on the bill and legs, short wings, and a long tail. It feeds actively on insects. It has a short, direct flight with bursts of rapid wing beats. The genders are the same color, but the male is larger.
Greater Necklaced Laughingthrush
Greater Necklaced Laughingthrush: This medium-sized songbird has a brown crown, back, wings, rump and tail, a rufous nape and flanks, white throat, belly, vent and eyebrow, and blue-gray cheeks with black streaks. It has a black eye ring, malar, sides of neck and thin breast band. Sexes are similar. It has a weak flight with rapid wing beats and short glides. Feeds mostly on insects and fruits.
Hawaii Creeper
Hawaiian Creeper: This small songbird has olive-green upperparts and black-gray on the lores and around the eyes. It is gray on the throat, and the rest of the underparts are green-yellow. It has a buff-gray, conical bill with slightly decurved tip. It uses its short, sharp beak to probe bark for insects residing underneath. They have a direct undulating flight. Sexes are similar.
Hwamei: This medium-sized olive-brown songbird has gray on the belly, faint black streaks on the head and upper breast, and faint black barring on the tail. It has a blue-white eye ring and line behind the eye, yellow bill, buff-pink legs and feet, short wings and a medium length tail. It feeds on insects and seeds. It flies with rapid wing-beats followed by short glides. Sexes are similar.
Blue-faced Parrotfinch
Blue-faced Parrotfinch: Small green finch with black bill, blue front and face, red rump, and red tail. Slightly pointed, longish red tail. Female very similar to male but has paler plumage. Juvenile is gray with buff base on black bill, then molts into plumage like female.
Collared Kingfisher
Collared Kingfisher: Medium kingfisher with blue back, wings, and tail, white underparts and collar, brown-blue crown, white lores, and black mask. Large, black-gray bill with pink-buff base has slightly upcurved mandible. Medium tail. Female like male but slightly duller blue plumage. Juvenile has black collar and some black scaling on breast.
Eclectus Parrot
Eclectus Parrot: Large, green parrot, blue flight feathers, red wing linings and upper flanks, and yellow-orange and black bill. Long wings, blue flight feathers, black underneath. Medium tail, blue near tip. Female different, deep crimson red with purple-blue collar and belly, narrow blue-gray eyering, and a black bill. Juveniles like adults.
Blue Rock Thrush
Blue Rock Thrush: Small to medium, slate-blue thrush with chestnut belly and vent, and long wings with black-gray primaries. Medium length tail. Female is dark gray-brown above, buff-brown below with black-brown barring on underparts, black-brown scaling on breast and face, and buff eyering. Juvenile is like female but has more scaling.
Puaiohi: This small thrush has brown-gray upperparts, a white eye ring, black malar stripe, and gray underparts with white on the throat, belly, and vent. It is of medium length, has a black bill, pink legs and feet, and a rather short, rounded tail. It feeds on fruit and invertebrates such as insects and snails. It has a direct flight. The sexes are similar.
Akiapolaau: This small songbird has an olive back and rump, yellow head with black lores, and yellow underparts with a white underbelly and vent. It has a slender, decurved upper mandible. Females are smaller and paler than males. It drills deep holes in ohia trees to drink the sap within. It also uses its unique bill to pick out arthropods from beneath the bark. It has an undulating flight.
Bell's Sparrow
Bell's Sparrow: Medium sparrow with brown back, white underparts with central breast spot, streaks on sides. Gray head has white patch in front of eye. White throat is interrupted by a narrow, dark moustache stripe bordered by a broad white submoustachial stripe. Brown wings, two faint bars. Sage Sparrow was split into two distinct species in 2014 by the American Ornithologist Union. Bell's Sparrow and Sagebrush Sparrow.
Chestnut Munia
Chestnut Munia: This is a small, mostly uniform chestnut colored estrildid finch with a black head and upper breast. It has a large conical bill and blue-gray legs and feet. It feeds mainly on seeds, usually in relatively open habitats, preferring to feed on the ground. It has an undulating flight. The sexes are similar.
Apapane: This is a small songbird with dark red plumage overall, a white vent and underbelly, and black wings and tail. The black bill is medium in length and decurved. It has an undulating flight, alternating several rapid wing beats with wings pulled to the sides. Apapane are primarily nectarivorous but occasionally take insects and spiders. Both sexes look similar.
Red-lored Parrot
Red-lored Parrot: Medium-sized green parrot with red front and patch in secondaries, blue on crown, and yellow on cheeks and in tail. Black primaries, yellow-pink bill, gray legs and feet, and medium-length tail. It has quick, direct flight with shallow wing beats on medium-length wings.
Rosy-faced Lovebird
Rosy-faced Lovebird: Small green parrot with red front, pink throat and breast, and blue rump and tail. Has a narrow, white eyering, pale yellow bill, and gray legs and feet. Has pointed wings and short, square tail. Sexes similar. Juvenile duller overall. Fast, direct flight.
Common Waxbill
Common Waxbill: This small finch is mostly brown-gray with red on the belly and a line through the eye. The bill is red-orange, the legs and feet are black, and it has faint barring on the upperparts and flanks. The wings are short and the tail is medium in length. The female is similar, but lacks red on the belly and has a black bill. It feeds mainly on grass seeds. The flight is undulating.
Oahu Elepaio
Oahu Elepaio: This small monarch flycatcher has a dark brown crown and back, white underparts with buff flanks and breast, white lores, dark ear patch, rufous forehead, white-tipped black throat feathers, and white wing bars and rump. The long brown tail is white-tipped. It has a black bill, dark gray legs and feet. Feeds mainly on insects and spiders. Rapid and direct flight. Sexes are similar.
Red-vented Bulbul
Red-vented Bulbul: This bird is native from Pakistan to China, and has brown to black upperparts and breast. It has a shiny black head, small crest, buff belly, white rump and upper tail coverts, and red under tail coverts. It has a white-tipped, brown-black tail, and brown-black legs and feet. It feeds mostly on soft fruits, berries, seeds and nectar. Strong and direct flight. Sexes are similar.
Pacific Wren
Pacific Wren: Formerly grouped with the Winter Wren, this bird is now considered its own species. A very small wren with barred, dark brown upperparts and buff eyebrows. May appear rufous brown. Brown underparts are lightly barred on flanks, belly, and undertail. Tail is very short and held upright. Sexes are similar.
Akikiki: This is a small songbird with dark gray upperparts, paler brownish gray underparts and white on the breast and throat. It has a short pointed, pink bill and pink legs and feet. It forages by hopping along tree trunks to find food such as arthropods. It has an undulating flight. The sexes are similar.
Anianiau: This is a very small songbird with yellow or green-yellow plumage and yellow edging on the feathers, wings and tail. They have beige legs and feet and a beige, slightly decurved bill. As well as eating arthropods, these honeycreepers drink nectar from flowers. Males are brighter in color than females. They have an undulating flight.
Black-rumped Waxbill
Black-rumped Waxbill: This small songbird has tan-gray upperparts, a black rump and tail with white outer feathers, pink-buff underparts, a white throat and a long narrow red mask. It has a red conical bill and brown legs and feet. The female can have a paler underside than the male, and only the male sings. It feeds on insects, including green aphids and fruit flies. Undulating flight.
Hawaii Akepa
Hawaii Akepa: This is a small songbird with black wings and tail. The rest of the plumage of the male is orange-red, and that of the female is olive with gray on the front and back. It has a narrow, conical bill with slightly crossed or offset mandibles. It feeds on insects and spiders, though its diet consists mainly of caterpillars. It has an undulating flight. Name was changed from Akepa to Hawaii Akepa in 2015 by the American Ornithologist Union.
White-eyed Parakeet
White-eyed Parakeet: Medium-sized green parakeet with red on bend and underside of wing, and yellow on underside of wing and long, pointed tail. Adults have red flecks on head, juveniles lack red in plumage. Gray-white eye ring and light tan colored bill. Fast, direct flight on pointed wings.
Akekee: This is a small, mostly olive songbird with yellow on the crown, cheeks, throat and underparts. It has a black mask around the eye and a bluish bill with a slightly decurved culmen. The bill works like scissors to cut open buds in search of insects to eat. It also feeds on the nectar of some trees. The sexes are similar, but the males are slightly brighter. It has an undulating flight.
African Silverbill
African Silverbill: This small pale tan songbird has finely vermiculated buff-brown upperparts, white underparts and dark wings. It is paler on the belly and vent and has a stout, pale gray conical bill and a pale gray eye ring. It feeds mainly on seeds. It has an undulating flight. The sexes look similar.
Micronesian Kingfisher (Palau)
Micronesian Kingfisher (Palau): The Palau subspecies, Rusty-capped Kingisher is a small to medium kingfisher with orange-buff crown, green-blue back, wings, and tail, white collar and underparts. Black mask goes back to nape in thin line. Medium wings and narrow, rectangular tail. Heavy bill black-gray above, pink-brown below, slightly upturned mandible. Female and juveniles like male but paler crown.
Eastern Yellow Wagtail (Palau)
Eastern Yellow Wagtail (Palau): Small wagtail (tschutschensis), with olive-green upperparts and yellow underparts with brown spots on sides of breast. Throat is white with faint brown necklace. Gray head has black ear patches and distinct white eyebrows. Wings are dark with two white bars. Tail is very long, black with white edges and wags constantly. Sexes are similar. Juvenile has buff underparts.
Nicobar Pigeon
Nicobar Pigeon: Large, slate-gray pigeon with long, bronze-green hackles on neck and back. Wings are bronze-green, and head is white-gray with black-brown eyes. Wings are long and broad, and the medium-length bill is black-gray. Tail is short and white. Female is like male but smaller and with white eye. Juvenile is like male but has a dark tail.
Oriental Reed-Warbler
Oriental Reed-Warbler: Small brown warbler with short crest, white-buff line above and in front of eye, white throat and breast, and white-buff on rest of underparts. Medium, gray-brown and brown-pink bill. Medium-length wings with brown-black flight feathers. Medium-length black-gray legs and feet. Sexes similar. Juvenile more red-brown.
Chestnut-winged Cuckoo
Chestnut-winged Cuckoo: Fairly large, long-tailed cuckoo with a long crest. Glossy black-green upperparts with white collar on nape, chestnut wings, buff to orange throat, gray-white underparts, and black vent. Fairly long wings. Long tail with white to buff edges on feathers. Sexes similar. Juveniles have grayer plumage with pale scaling on the wings.
Scaly-breasted Munia (Palau)
Scaly-breasted Munia: Small finch, brown head, throat, back, and wings. Rest of underparts white with brown scaling on breast and flanks. Narrow, blue-gray eyering, Thick, deep, black bill. Sexes similar. Juvenile is plain brown with paler gray-brown on belly and vent.
Brush Cuckoo
Brush Cuckoo: Small cuckoo gray-brown above, gray head, and gray or buff underparts. Fairly long, pointed wings, and long tail black below with white spots. Female like male but paler below with faint barring on breast, or has gray-brown streaks and bars above, and black brown barring below. Juvenile has black brown barring above and below.
Channel-billed Cuckoo
Channel-billed Cuckoo: Large gray cuckoo with straw colored tip on black-gray bill. Slate gray back, medium-gray head and breast, and white-gray belly and vent. Red around eye. Long, pointed wings with black spots. Long tail with black tip. Female has more barring below and smaller bill. Juvenile has smaller bill and buff edging to feathers in wings.
Chestnut Munia (Palau)
Chestnut Munia (Palau): Small red-brown finch with black hood and breast, and blue-gray eyering. Some birds also show black on the belly and vent. Strong, conical blue-gray bill. Slightly pointed, longish red-brown tail. Sexes similar. Juvenile is gray-brown with black bill.
Woodhouse's Scrub-Jay
Woodhouse's Scrub-Jay: Medium, crestless jay, dull blue head, wings, tail, gray mask and back, pale gray underparts. Bill, legs, feet are black. Eats grains, fruits, insects, frogs, lizards, and eggs and young of other birds. Flies with steady wing beats. Western Scrub-Jay was split into two species, the California Scrub-Jay and Woodhouse's Scrub-Jay in 2016 by the American Ornithologist Union.
Yellow-rumped (Myrtle) Warbler
Yellow-rumped (Myrtle) Warbler: Medium warbler, dark-streaked, blue-gray upperparts, yellow rump. White throat and belly, breast white and black streaked, yellow patches on the sides. Head gray with yellow crown, white crescent under eyes, white supercilium, black lores and cheeks. Dark wings with two white bars. Tail is dark with white corners.
Scaly Thrush
Scaly Thrush: Large thrush with brown and black scaled pattern on white underparts and face, fine buff and black scaling on crown, and black scaling on brown back and rump. White eyering, lores, and throat. Black mark on ear and malar. Two buff wing bars and narrow black stripe on long wings. Sexes and juvenile similar.
Pacific Long-tailed Cuckoo
Pacific Long-tailed Cuckoo: Large cuckoo, buff barring on brown back and wings, white underparts with black-brown streaks. Black-brown mottled mask, buff eyebrow. Thick, gray-brown and yellow-olive bill. Long wings. Very long tail with black-brown and red-brown barring. Sexes similar, juvenile has more pale spots above, and finer streaks below.
Blyth's Pipit
Blyth's Pipit: Buff-brown to Streaked black-brown above; wings are tipped buff with two pale wingbars. Tail is black-brown with rufous tinged central feathers; buff below and orange-buff on flanks, vent and undertail. Upper breast has dark streaking, cream colored supercilium extending behind the eye with thin black moustachial stripe and broad buff submoustachial stripe, narrow black malar stripe. Female is similar and juvenile is paler and has white wingbars and feather tips.
Ruddy Kingfisher
Ruddy Kingfisher: Medium-sized brown-orange kingfisher, more brown-yellow on underparts. Back, wings, and tail orange-brown with violet highlights. Huge, red-orange bill with slightly upturned mandible. Black-brown eye. Short, orange legs and feet. Fairly long wings. Short to medium-length, narrow tail. Sexes and juvenile similar.
Palau Cicadabird
Common Cicadabird: Medium, slender, slate-gray bird, black edging in wings, and black tail tip. White spots on undertail. Fairly long wings. Female gray above, black lores, white eyebrow and crescent below eye, white edging in wings, and white-buff below with fine bars on breast and flanks. Juvenile like female but more brown, some streaks below.
Micronesian Myzomela
Micronesian Myzomela: Small, deep red honeyeater with black belly, vent, wings, and tail. Bit of black around eye and on lores. Medium, black, sharp, downcurved bill. Medium-length, notched tail. Medium black-gray legs and feet. Female and juvenile like male but duller red plumage. more brown on belly, and more brown-black wings and tail.
Palau Flycatcher
Palau Flycatcher: Small monarch flycatcher with orange front, face, around eye, on throat, and on breast. Gray-white belly and vent. Blue-gray on back of crown, nape, back, and rump. Brown-gray wings and tail. Broad bill. Broad, medium-length wings. Medium-length tail. Female and juvenile like male but duller, more white on front and throat.
Chestnut-cheeked Starling
Chestnut-cheeked Starling: Small starling with buff-white head, chestnut on cheeks and throat, black-purple back, buff-white rump, long, black-green and white wings, gray breast and flanks, and white belly. Short, forked tail. Female and juvenile pale, gray-brown with black flight feathers and bill, and white shoulder, belly, and vent.
Black-headed Bunting
Black-headed Bunting: Small yellow bunting with black hood, and chestnut back, rump, and sides of breast. Gray-black wings with light brown edging and one white bar in shoulder. Slightly forked, brown-gray tail. Winter female and juvenile like male but much paler, gray-brown instead of chestnut, and streaks on back and crown.
Micronesian Starling
Micronesian Starling: Small, glossy purple-black starling with hint of black streaks on neck, black lores and black around white-yellow eye. Fairly broad, medium-length wings. Medium tail. Medium gray-black legs and feet. Female is slightly smaller and duller than the male. Juvenile is gray-brown above, buff below with gray-brown streaks.
Palau Fantail
Palau Fantail: Small, red-brown fantail with black mark on breast, gray sides of breast, white throat, and white on middle of breast. Black-gray in front of and below eye, on wings, and on tail. Long, broad tail with red-brown tip. Medium-length black-gray legs and feet. Sexes similar, juvenile like adult but more gray on head.
Rainbow Bee-eater
Rainbow Bee-eater: Small, green bee-eater with turquoise-blue back, rump, and vent. Black mask. Orange crown, yellow-orange throat with black patch. Fairly long, black, rectangular tail with long, needle-like central tail feathers. Male had longer tail feathers. Juvenile lacks central tail feathers and is olive-gray with some yellow on throat.
Palau Bush-Warbler
Palau Bush-Warbler: Small, gray-brown bush-warbler with brown-yellow underparts, paler on underparts. Black line through black-brown eye, medium-length, sharp, straight bill is black above, yellow-orange below. Short, broad wings. Medium-length, slightly rounded tail. Medium-length yellow-orange legs and feet. Sexes and juvenile similar.
Dusky White-eye
Dusky White-eye: Tiny, warbler-like bird with red-brown eye, brown-gray plumage above and on head, and olive-gray below. Sharp, black bill. Short tail with square tip. Medium, black legs and feet. Sexes and juvenile similar.
Morningbird: Small, dull, gray-brown whistler species with buff-brown belly and vent, and some buff-brown edging in the wings. It has a black-brown eye, short wings, and a thick, straight, gray-brown bill. The tail is medium in length with a slightly notched tip. Medium-length legs and feet are black-gray. Sexes similar, juvenile resembles adult.
Dollarbird: Medium, blue-green roller with purple-blue throat, large, brown-olive head, and wide, orange-red bill. Long, pointed wings have purple-black flight feathers and white-blue patch on base of the primaries. Medium-length, purple-black, rectangular tail. Short orange-red legs and feet. Female and juvenile like male but duller.
Citrine White-eye
Citrine White-eye: Small, warbler-like bird, olive above, yellow below. Orange-brown eye with black line through eye and white spectacles. Sharp, slightly curved bill black above, orange below. Small to medium wings with black-gray on primaries and tertials. Short to medium tail has rounded tip. Sexes similar, juvenile like adult but duller.
Sulphur-crested Cockatoo
Sulphur-crested Cockatoo: Large white parrot with white-yellow feathers in long crest, white-yellow at base of flight feathers in wings, and yellow-white at base of the feathers in the tail. Black-brown eye. Strongly-downcurved black bill. Fairly long, broad wings. Medium-length, rectangular tail. Female has more red-brown eye. Juvenile like adult.
Giant White-eye
Giant White-eye: Small, olive, warbler-like bird with an indistinct yellow eyering, and olive-gray on the face. Large, sharp, very slightly decurved orange-yellow bill. Medium wings. Short to medium, square-tipped tail. Sexes and juvenile similar.
Black-tailed Gnatcatcher
Black-tailed Gnatcatcher: Medium gnatcatcher with black cap, blue-gray upperparts, black tail, and pale gray underparts. The bill is short and black. Black tail is edged with white; underside of tail appears mostly black with large white spots near tip when closed. Black legs and feet.
California Gnatcatcher
California Gnatcatcher: Medium-sized gnatcatcher with a black cap, dark blue-gray upperparts, black tail, and paler gray, buff-washed underparts. Bill is short, slender, and black. Tail is black with white edges, with undertail appearing all-black when closed. Legs and feet are black.
Elegant Trogon
Elegant Trogon: Iridescent green upperparts and breast. Red undertail and belly, separated from green breast by a white band, long iridescent copper green, square tail tipped in black. White undertail with black streaks. Often seen perching upright. Slow undulating flight, can be rapid when needed.
Bananaquit: Small and short-tailed with short, decurved black bill. Bahamensis is gray-black above with white throat and yellow belly with bold white stripe over eyes. Rump is yellow. Legs and feet are black. Martinique has dark throat. Weak fluttering flight, alternates rapid wing beats with brief periods of wings pulled to sides.
Crested Myna
Crested Myna: Medium-sized, black starling with compact bushy crest on forehead, red eyes, prominent white wing patch, white-tipped tail. Bill and legs are yellow. Imitates calls of other birds. Often walks on the ground, foraging for food. Flight is swift and direct on powerful, rapid wing strokes.
Hill Myna
Hill Myna: Large, stocky, glossy black starling with bright orange bill, unique fleshy lobes of bright yellow skin behind and below eyes, and prominent white wing patch. Yellow legs and feet. Extremely vocal, mimics other birds. It is a popular cage bird, renowned for its ability to imitate speech.
Abert's Towhee
Abert's Towhee: Large, stocky, shy sparrow. Distinct black face, pale gray bill, gray-brown upperparts, paler gray-brown underparts, and rust-brown vent. Tail is long and darker than upperparts with rust-brown undertail coverts. Short flights, alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides. May be difficult to spot because it prefers to stay well-hidden under bushes.
Crescent-chested Warbler
Crescent-chested Warbler: Small warbler, gray to blue-gray head, wings, tail. Yellow-green back, breast, throat are yellow with a rufous-brown spot or crescent on upper breast; belly and sides are white to gray. Head has white eyebrows that widen towards nape and partial lower eye-ring.
Black-capped Gnatcatcher
Black-capped Gnatcatcher: Very small. Black cap, blue-gray upperparts, black tail, gray white underparts. Long slender black beak. The outer tail feathers mostly white gives underside of tail a white appearance when tail closed. Weak fluttering direct flight with shallow wing beats.
Gray-crowned Yellowthroat
Gray-crowned Yellowthroat: Large warbler rarly seen in the U.S. Upperparts are olive-brown to olive-gray with a grayer head, distinctive black mark between bill and eyes, and broken white eye-ring. The upper mandible is black and lower mandible is pink. Underparts are yellow with gray wash on sides.
Colima Warbler
Colima Warbler: Large warbler, gray head, throat, brown to gray-brown upperparts. Rufous crown patch, white eye ring. Bright yellow-olive rump. Buff-brown breast, flanks. Light gray belly. Long gray tail. Believed to be restricted to Mexico until 1928, when a specimen was found in Texas.
Black-crested Titmouse
Black-crested Titmouse: Large titmouse with gray upperparts, pale gray underparts, and rust-brown flanks. The head has black cap and crest, pale gray face, and pale eye-ring. Wings and tail are gray. Gray legs and feet. Was once considered a subspecies of the Tufted Titmouse. AKA Mexican Titmouse.
Buff-breasted Flycatcher
Buff-breasted Flycatcher: Smallest Empidonax flycatcher; fresh adult has gray-brown upperparts and pale underparts washed with yellow and cinnamon. White eyering is distinct; two wingbars are white. Short bill with black upper mandible and yellow to pink lower mandible. Legs and feet are gray-black.
Northwestern Crow
Northwestern Crow: Fairly small crow , black overall with dark, stout bill, iridescent violet gloss on body, and blue-black wings. Tail is fan-shaped in flight. Feeds on marine invertebrates, insects, fish, fruits, seeds, carrion, refuse, eggs of seabirds. Direct flight on steady, stiff wing beats.
Common Myna
Common Myna: This large stocky starling has a black hood and a patch of bright yellow bare skin behind the eye. Overall body plumage is chocolate-brown, but the under tail and tip of the upper tail and wing patches are white. It has a yellow bill and legs. It feeds on invertebrates and fruits. It mostly walks on the ground, with short rapid flights. Sexes are similar.
Yellow-headed Parrot
Yellow-headed Parrot: Large green parrot with yellow head. Flight feathers all tipped blue-black, patch of red on secondary feathers and at bend in wing. Curved yellow beak, gray legs and feet. Feeds on fruits, seeds, and buds. Classified as an Endangered Species owing to rapid population decline.
Orange-winged Parrot
Orange-winged Parrot: Medium green parrot, yellow head, broad blue eyebrow. Small red-orange patch in secondary feathers while perched and in flight. Green tail has yellow to orange base in outer feathers. Hooked bill is dull yellow with a dark tip. Legs and feet are gray.
Budgerigar: Small parakeet, mostly green in its wild form and may have varying amounts blue, white, or yellow in feral U.S. populations. Has a characteristic pug face, and most have finely barred upperparts. Feeds primarily on grass seeds. Birds in a flock fly in a charecteristic undulating manner.
Rose-ringed Parakeet
Rose-ringed Parakeet: This large green parakeet has a pale red ring around the neck, black moustache stripe, pale blue nape, red eye ring and bill, long slender green tail with blue central feathers, and gray legs and feet. Female lacks head markings, and shorter tail is all green. Feeds on buds, fruit, vegetables and seeds. Fairly high rapid flight.
Blue-crowned Parakeet
Blue-crowned Parakeet: Medium-sized green parakeet with a blue head and red-orange highlights in long tail. White, feathless eye ring. The bill is bicolored with upper mandible pinkish and lower mandible is black (subspecies in northeastern Brazil has an all-pink bill). The legs and feet are pink.
Mitred Parakeet
Mitred Parakeet: This fairly large green parakeet has a red forehead grading into scattered bright red feathers on the crown, face, cheek, and at times on the bend in the wing. Its dull green underparts are faintly washed olive, the hooked bill is dull yellow, and the legs and feet are gray. It feeds on fruits, berries and nuts. It has a fast direct flight with rapid wing beats. Sexes are similar.
Red-masked Parakeet
Red-masked Parakeet: This fairly large green parakeet has bright red on the head, at the bend in the wing and on the thighs. It has a white eye ring, pink-beige hooked bill and gray legs and feet. It feeds on seeds and fruit. Fast direct flight with rapid wing beats. Sexes are similar. Considered threatened in its native range of Ecuador and Peru. AKA Red-masked Conure, Cherry-headed Conure.
Dark-sided Flycatcher
Dark-sided Flycatcher: Small gray-brown flycatcher with white underparts and gray-brown wash on sides and flanks. Long gray-brown wings have a pale wing bar. White throat with malar mark extends to the sides forming a partial white collar; white eye-ring. Short, dark bill. Dark gray-brown tail.
Asian Brown Flycatcher
Asian Brown Flycatcher: Small gray-brown flycatcher with white underparts, gray-brown wash on sides, breast. Long gray-brown wings have faint, pale wing bar. Black bill with creamy pink base to lower mandible. Gray face has a white buff eye-ring, lores. Dark gray tail has white undertail coverts.
Narcissus Flycatcher
Narcissus Flycatcher: Small flycatcher, black head, nape, back, wings, and yellow-orange throat, upper breast, and eye brow; rump is yellow. Wings have white wing patch on inner secondary coverts; tail is long, black. Belly and undertail coverts are white. Black legs, feet. Weak fluttering flight.
Red-breasted Flycatcher
Red-breasted Flycatcher: Small warbler-sized flycatcher. Head is brown-gray with white eye ring, orange-red throat, and gray on sides of upper breast. Rest of upperparts are plain brown. Tail dark brown and black with white base. Underparts white and pale brown. Dark gray legs and feet.
Thick-billed Parrot
Thick-billed Parrot: Large green parrot, dark thick bill, orange bare-skinned eye-ring, red forehead, shoulders, thighs. In flight shows striking black tail and flight feathers, with bright green, yellow, and red patches on wing coverts. Gray feet, legs. Swift direct flight with shallow wing beats.
Lilac-crowned Parrot
Lilac-crowned Parrot: Medium green parrot, pale purple crown, red forehead. In flight shows blue-black trim on flight feathers and large red patch on secondaries. Hooked bill is dull yellow. Legs, feet are blue-gray. Feeds on fruits and seeds. Native to pacific coastal Mexico. AKA Finsch's Amazon.
Gray-streaked Flycatcher
Gray-streaked Flycatcher: Small flycatcher with gray-brown upperparts and dark streaked white underparts. Tail is short and notched; wings are gray-brown with faint white wing bar. Undertail coverts are white. Face shows white eye-ring and distinct brown malar mark; throat is white. Bill is black.
Red-whiskered Bulbul
Red-whiskered Bulbul: Introduced to parts of North America as escaped caged birds. This bulbul has brown upperparts, a black crested head, mask and partial collar, an orange-red patch behind the eye and a white cheek patch. The underparts are white with brown wash. Diet includes berries, fruits and insects. It has a direct flight with rapid wing beats. Sexes are similar.
Lavender Waxbill
Lavender Waxbill: Native to tropical West Africa, this waxbill is gray overall. It has a black eye stripe, red to black bill, and flanks have a few small white spots. The rump, tail, and tail coverts are red, and legs and feet are gray. Diet includes chickweed, insects and spiders. Undulating flight, alternating between flapping and gliding. Sexes are similar.
Akohekohe: This medium-sized black bird has a white-gold crest on its head and an orange eye ring extending to the orange-red nape. The breast and throat feathers are gray-tipped, and orange-tipped feathers are spread over the body. The wings and tail have white edges. The legs and bill are black. It feeds on nectar, insects and spiders. It has a direct strong flight. The sexes are similar.
Laysan Finch
Laysan Finch: Large, curious Hawaiian honeycreeper. Bright yellow head, neck, breast. Neck has a gray collar, belly is white. Olive back may show narrow brown streaks. Lower back, rump are gray, wings are olive to brown. Large, gray bill, black legs and feet. Prefers to run or hop along the ground.
Omao: This common Hawaiian thrush is dark gray-brown above and pale gray below with brown edging on wings. It has a dark gray-black bill, eyes and legs. It feeds on a wide variety of fruits from understorey shrubs and trees. Alternates several rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides. Has a curious habit of fluttering drooped wings similar to a young bird begging for food. Sexes are similar.
Yellow-billed Cardinal
Yellow-billed Cardinal: Native to South America, this bird has a bright red head, black upperparts, an incomplete white collar that nearly meets at back of neck, white underparts, black chin and throat, a yellow bill, and brown-pink legs and feet. Female has gray upperparts, white underparts, and brown head. Feeds on seeds and insects. Undulating flight.
Yellow-fronted Canary
Yellow-fronted Canary: Native to sub-Saharan Africa, this small finch has olive-gray upperparts and bright yellow underparts and rump, a gray crown and nape, yellow eyebrow and cheek, a dark malar stripe and gray legs and feet. It feeds on seeds and insects. Bounding flight, alternates flapping with gliding. Sexes are similar, female is duller.
Hawaii Amakihi
Hawaii Amakihi: AKA the Common Amakihi. It has olive to yellow-green upperparts and yellow underparts. The lores are black and the bill is black and decurved. The wings and tail are olive-gray and the legs and feet are gray. Flight is strong and direct in the forest canopy; may undulate over long distances. It feeds on nectar, spiders and insects. The female tends to be darker than the male.
Kauai Amakihi
Kauai Amakihi: This small honeycreeper is olive-green above and pale yellow to creamy gray below. Brown lores, pale yellow supercilium, chin and throat, and gray wings and tail. Gray decurved bill, legs and feet. Feeds on insects and nectar. Strong and direct flight in canopy, may undulate over long distances. Sexes are similar. One of the least specialized and most adaptable Hawaiian species.
Kauai Elepaio
Kauai Elepaio: This small monarch flycatcher has dark gray-brown to light gray crown and back, white to light gray underparts with light orange-brown wash on upper breast. Lores, eyebrows and throat are white mixed with cinnamon. White wing bars, rump, a white-tipped brown tail, black bill and dark gray legs and feet. Feeds on insects and spiders. Flight is rapid and direct. Sexes are similar.
Oahu Amakihi
Oahu Amakihi: This small honeycreeper has yellow-green upperparts, yellow throat, breast, and belly, black lores, decurved gray bill and gray legs and feet. Females are gray-green above and yellow-white below with two pale wing-bars. Diet includes nectar, insects and spiders. Strong and direct flight in canopy, may undulate over long distances.
Hawaii Elepaio
Hawaii Elepaio: This small monarch flycatcher has a brown crown and back and white or rufous forehead and eyebrow. Black throat may show some white. Underparts are white with a brown-streaked breast. The wing bars and rump are white; brown tail may have a white tip. Bill is black, and the legs and feet are dark gray. Feeds on insects and spiders. Flight is rapid and direct. Sexes are similar.
Palila: This large finch-billed honeycreeper is endemic to Hawaii. It has a yellow head with black lores separated from a gray back by a distinct line. It has a yellow breast, white belly, gray back, olive-green wings and tail and black legs and feet. The females are more subdued in color. Feeds primarily on seeds. Strong, bouncy flight with steady wing beats.
Red-billed Leiothrix
Red-billed Leiothrix: Native to southeast Asia. The crown, nape and back are olive-green; the lores, eye ring, and supraloral stripe are cream to dull yellow. Bright yellow-orange throat, yellow chin, pale yellow underparts, and olive-brown wings with a yellow-orange patch. It has a red bill and pink legs and feet. It feeds on fruit, seeds and insects. Sexes are similar.
White-rumped Shama
White-rumped Shama: Native to Southeast Asia, this bird has a glossy blue-black head, nape, back and upperbreast. It has black wings and tail, white rump and outer tail feathers, rufous belly and lower breast, a black bill and pink legs and feet. Long tail enables it to change directions quickly in the dense underbrush it prefers. Feeds on insects, earthworms and fruit. Sexes are similar.
Saffron Finch
Saffron Finch: Native to South America, this finch has yellow-green upperparts, yellow underparts, and an orange crown. Wing and tail feathers are black edged with yellow; gray upper mandible and ivory lower mandible, pink-gray legs and feet. The female is more dull in color and has paler underparts. Feeds on insects, greens and oats. Undulating flight, alternates flapping and gliding.
Siberian Accentor
Siberian Accentor: Small, shy sparrow-like bird with brown-streaked upperparts, gray nape and crown with dark gray center stripe, yellow-brown eyebrows and underparts; breast shows brown streaking. Wings have a white wingbar. The tail is notched, the bill is short and black. Legs and feet are pink.
Tropical Parula
Tropical Parula: Small warbler with blue-gray upperparts, black mask, yellow chin, throat, breast, and upper belly with a diffused orange breast band, white lower belly, undertail coverts. Blue-gray wings have white bars. Lack of a white eye ring and dark mask set it apart from the Northern Parula.
Yellow-faced Grassquit
Yellow-faced Grassquit: This tiny finch has olive upperparts, pale olive underparts, black face, breast and upper belly, yellow eyebrow and throat patch, and a conical, sharply pointed bill. Forages on the ground for seeds; also feeds on berries, small fruits and insects. It has a weak fluttering flight, alternating rapid wing beats with wings pulled to the sides. Sexes are similar.
Hawfinch: Stocky finch with a huge blue-gray conical bill that turns yellow in winter. Yellow-buff head, black chin, throat and mask, pink-buff underparts, dark red- brown upperparts, gray neck and white tipped brown tail. Eats large tree seeds, also eats fruits and insects. Swift bounding flight.
White-collared Seedeater
White-collared Seedeater: Small finch with short, thick, curved bill, yellow-gray overall with black head, wings, and round tail; the back is gray. Wings show two white bars. Eats seeds and insects. Weak fluttering flight, alternates rapid wing beats with brief periods of wings pulled to the sides.
Black-faced Grassquit
Black-faced Grassquit: Small sparrow, very dark olive-gray with black head and breast. Black bill, legs and feet. Very common in the West Indies. Feeds mainly on seeds, especially of grasses and weeds. The flight is weak, bouncy and fluttering. Alternates rapid wing beats with pulling wings to body.
Eared Quetzal
Eared Quetzal: Large, small headed with long, broad tail. Black head, black-green back and breast. Black-blue tail is white underneath. Bright red belly and dark bill. The name "quetzal" is from an Aztec word, quetzalli, which translates to "large brilliant tail feather." AKA Eared Trogon.
Red Avadavat
Red Avadavat: This small, active finch native to South Asia is bright red overall with small white spots, brown wings, black tail with red upper tail coverts, black lores, white crescent below each eye, red bill, and pink legs and feet. Female is dark brown, paler beneath, with white spotted wings and red rump. Feeds on insects and seeds. Undulating flight, alternates flapping and gliding.
Red-cheeked Cordonbleu
Red-cheeked Cordonbleu: Native to Africa, this finch has light brown upperparts, buff underparts, blue face with large red cheeks and narrow white eye ring. It has blue flanks, breast and tail, red bill, and yellow-brown legs and feet. Females have duller plumage, less blue feathering, and lack red cheek patches. Feeds mostly on seeds. Undulating flight, alternates periods of flapping and gliding.
Red-crested Cardinal
Red-crested Cardinal: Native to South America, this bird has a bright red head, crest, face, chin and upper breast. The upperparts are gray with an incomplete white collar that nearly meets at the back of the neck. It has white underparts, a light gray bill and gray legs and feet. It mainly feeds on plant seeds, fruits, berries and insects. It has an undulating flight. Sexes are similar.
Java Sparrow
Java Sparrow: This largest member of the Estrildid family has gray upperparts and breast, brown-gray to pink belly, and white under tail coverts. It has a black head with a large white cheek patch, narrow red eye ring, thick conical pink bill, black tail and pink legs and feet. It mostly feeds on rice; also eats small seeds and insects. Fast flight on rapidly beating wings. Sexes are similar.
Blue Mockingbird
Blue Mockingbird: This large thrush is slate blue with pale blue streaks on the crown and a black mask and red eye. Native of Mexico and casual in winter in southeast Arizona and accidental in New Mexico, California, and Texas. A very secretive bird, skulks in dense underbrush while searching for insects and fallen fruit.
Iiwi: This small bird has vibrant red plumage overall with black wings and tail. The wings show a contrasting white patch on the inner secondaries. The salmon-colored bill is long and decurved. Undulating flight, alternates several rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides. It feeds primarily on nectar but feeds on many insects and spiders as well. Males are slightly larger than females.
Japanese White-eye
Japanese White-eye: This small active songbird has an olive-green head, neck and back. Wings and upper tail feathers are blackish-brown outlined with green. It has a yellow throat, gray breast and flanks with a buff wash, white belly and eye ring, black bill, legs and feet. It feeds mostly on insects and nectar. Undulates, actively flits and swoops among foliage. Sexes similar, female is duller.
Black-and-white Warbler
Black-and-white Warbler: Small, black-and-white striped warbler with a white median head stripe bordered by black. Black bill, legs and feet. It forages unlike any other warbler by moving up and down the trunks of trees and crawling under and over branches in a style similar to that of a nuthatch.
Chestnut-collared Longspur
Chestnut-collared Longspur: Small, sparrow-like bird with brown-streaked upperparts, black breast and flanks, some have chestnut on underparts, pale gray belly. Face is buff with black stripe behind eye. Nape is chestnut-brown, crown is black, and throat is white. Tail is black with strongly contrasting white outer tail feathers.
American Pipit
American Pipit: Small pipit, gray-brown upperparts and pale buff underparts; breast is faintly to darkly streaked. Tail is dark with white edges. Black bill is thin and long. Legs and feet are black. It can be distinguished from sparrows by its longer bill and habit of wagging its tail up and down.
Virginia's Warbler
Virginia's Warbler: Small warbler, gray upperparts, yellow rump. Throat is white with yellow patch, breast and undertail are yellow, sides and belly are white with a gray wash. Head has rufous crown patch, bold white eye-rings. Named for the wife of the army surgeon who discovered it in New Mexico.
Chipping Sparrow
Chipping Sparrow: Medium, slender sparrow with black-streaked brown back and pale gray underparts. Cap is rufous, nape is gray, throat is white, and face stripes are black-and-white. Black bill. Pink-orange legs and feet. Short flight, alternates several rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Baird's Sparrow
Baird's Sparrow: Small sparrow with pale-streaked, rich dark brown upperparts, white underparts, and dark streaks on upper breast and flanks. Orange-brown crown is marked with fine dark lines. Legs and feet are pink-brown. Short low flights, alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Brewer's Sparrow
Brewer's Sparrow: Medium sparrow with finely streaked gray-brown upperparts, pale eye-ring, dark moustache stripe, and plain, pale gray underparts. Bill is pink with dark tip. Legs and feet are gray-pink. Short flights with rapidly beating wing strokes alternating with wings pulled briefly to sides.
Cassin's Sparrow
Cassin's Sparrow: Medium, skulking grassland sparrow, fine brown streaks on gray-brown head and back, buff underparts. Tail is long, rounded, white-tipped. Legs, feet are pink-orange. Forages by scratching on the ground. Short flight, alternates several rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Blackburnian Warbler
Blackburnian Warbler: Medium warbler, yellow-orange head, black cap and cheek patch, and orange throat. Upperparts are black with white stripes and underparts are white with black- streaked flanks. Wings have prominent white patches. The tail is black with white on outer tail feathers.
Cape May Warbler
Cape May Warbler: Small warbler, olive-yellow upperparts, thick, black streaks on yellow underparts. Bright yellow face, chestnut-brown ear patch, black crown. Wings are dark with large white patches. First collected in Cape May, New Jersey in 1811 and not seen again in that area for over 100 years.
Clay-colored Sparrow
Clay-colored Sparrow: Medium sparrow with black-streaked brown upperparts and buff underparts. The face is pale with finely streaked crown, crisp brown cheek patch, white eyestripe, and gray nape. Pink-gray legs and feet. Short flight, alternates several rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Black-chinned Sparrow
Black-chinned Sparrow: Medium sparrow, plain, dark gray with brown-streaked back, pale gray belly, black chin and pale eyestripe. Bill is pink. The legs and feet are yellow-gray. Forages in brush and on ground. Short flights on rapidly beating wings alternating with periods of wings pulled to sides.
White Wagtail
White Wagtail: Medium-sized wagtail, mostly white except for black upperparts and upper breast. All-white wing appears as a white wing patch when folded. The tail is black with white outer tail feathers that are conspicuous in flight and flicked continually when walking. Black bill, legs and feet.
Gray Wagtail
Gray Wagtail: Medium wagtail with black throat, blue-gray upperparts, brilliant yellow underparts. Distinct white eye-line and long malar stripe stand out against dark face. Bill is black. Legs and feet are pink. Tail is long, black, and white-edged. Has the longest tail of the European wagtails.
Western Wood-Pewee
Western Wood-Pewee: Medium-sized flycatcher with dull olive-gray upperparts and pale olive-gray underparts. Head has darker cap and slight crest. The wings are dark with two white bars. Feeds on insects, spiders and berries. Quiet and solitary. Weak fluttering flight with shallow rapid wing beats.
Dickcissel: Medium-sized, stocky, sparrow-like bird. The Male (shown in background) has a dark gray back and head, and black-streaked shoulders. Face is gray with yellow eyestripe and breast is yellow. V-shaped bib is black. Wings are brown with chestnut-brown patches. The female (shown in foreground) and winter adult have brown streaked upperparts and no black bib. The juvenile is brown and streaked.
Indigo Bunting
Indigo Bunting: Small finch with brilliant, almost iridescent, blue plumage. Crown is darker blue with a purple tint. Wings and tail are black with blue edges. Feeds on insects, larvae, grains, seeds, berries. Short flights low over vegetation, alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Lazuli Bunting
Lazuli Bunting: Small finch, bright blue upperparts, cinnamon-brown breast and sides, white belly. Dark wings with white wing bar. Forages on ground, low in trees and bushes. Eats seeds, insects, caterpillars. Short flights, alternates rapid wing beats with brief periods of wings pulled to sides.
California Thrasher
California Thrasher: Large, slender thrasher with dark brown upperparts and paler gray-brown underparts. Face is finely streaked, eyes are dark, and black bill is very long and down curved. Throat has small buff patch. Tail is long with reddish-brown undertail coverts. Legs and feet are gray-brown.
Loggerhead Shrike
Loggerhead Shrike: Medium shrike with gray upperparts and paler gray underparts. Mask is black and throat is white. Bill is heavy and slightly hooked. Wings are black with white patches. Tail is long, black, and white-edged. Low, swift flight, alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Purple Finch
Purple Finch: Medium finch, rose-red body, brown streaks on nape, back. Sides, flanks, belly are dull white with red wash; sides show thick, faint streaks. Brown wings, notched tail. Female is brown streaked overall. Eats seeds, fruits, insects and caterpillars. Swift flight, alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Varied Thrush
Varied Thrush: Large thrush, dark gray upperparts, rust-brown throat, breast, sides, eyebrows, black breast band, and white belly and undertail. Wings are dark gray with two rust-brown bars. Tail is dark gray with white corners. Legs and feet are brown. Direct, swift flight on rapidly beating wings.
Phainopepla: Small, flycatcher-like bird with glossy black body. Head has distinct crest and short, thin, black bill. Wings have large white patches visible in flight. Tail is long. Iris is red. Legs and feet are black. Feeds primarily on mistlestoe berries and small insects. Direct flight is high and fluttery.
Field Sparrow
Field Sparrow: Medium sparrow, rufous back with dark streaks, unstreaked, buff breast. Gray-brown rump. Gray head, rufous cap, and white eye-ring. Pink bill, legs and feet. Forages on ground or low shrubbery. Short flights, alternates rapid wing beats with brief periods of wings pulled to the sides.
American Robin
American Robin: Large, familiar North American thrush, gray-brown upperparts, rich red-brown breast, and white lower belly and undertail coverts. Head appears black with white splotches surrounding the eyes, and throat is white with black streaks. Juvenile has heavily spotted underparts. Swift, direct flight on rapidly beating wings.
Brown Shrike
Brown Shrike: Small shrike, with warm brown upperparts and buff underparts. Face is white with black mask; throat is white. Bill is short, heavy, and hooked. Tail is long and round-tipped with faint bars. Eats small snakes, rodents, birds and insect. Low, swift flight on shallow, rapid wing beats.
Rose-breasted Grosbeak
Rose-breasted Grosbeak: Large finch, black head, back, bright red breast, and white rump, sides, belly. The wings are black with white patches above and red, white, black below. Long, slightly notched black tail with white patches. Female has brown streaked upperparts, buff streaked underparts and yellow wing linings. Eats seeds, caterpillars, insects, tree flowers, fruits and berries.
Painted Bunting
Painted Bunting: Colorful, medium-sized bunting. The male (shown in background) has a bronze-green back, bright red eyering, rump and underparts. Head and nape are blue. Wings are dark with green shoulder patches. The female (shown in foreground) has green upperparts, yellow-green underparts and dark wings.
Blue Grosbeak
Blue Grosbeak: Large finch, bright purple-blue body, black face, and two wide, brown wingbars. Dark wings, tail. Hops on ground to forage. Gleans from bushes, weeds and trees. Feeds on insects, snails, grains, seeds and fruits. Swift flight, alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Northern Parula
Northern Parula: Small, compact warbler with blue-gray upperparts and bronze-green back patch. Throat and breast are yellow, breast band is chestnut-brown and black, belly and undertail coverts are white. White eye-ring is broken. Wings are blue-gray with two white bars. Tail is noticeably short.
Black-throated Sparrow
Black-throated Sparrow: Medium sparrow, gray-brown upperparts, white underparts, black bib. Head has dark gray cap and sharply contrasting white eyebrow and cheek stripe. Bill is black. Long, round-tipped tail is edged with white. Legs and feet are gray. Forages on the ground and in low vegetation.
Worm-eating Warbler
Worm-eating Warbler: Medium-sized, ground nesting warbler with olive-gray upperparts and pale yellow underparts. Yellow head has black crown stripes and eye-lines. As its name suggests, it eats a steady diet of moth caterpillars and worms. It usually forages in understory vegetation and dead leaves.
Pine Warbler
Pine Warbler: Medium warbler with plain olive-gray upperparts, yellow throat and breast, blurry-streaked sides, and white belly and undertail coverts. Wings are gray with two white bars. It is the only warbler that eats large quantities of seeds, usually pine. One of the earliest breeding warblers.
Pine Grosbeak
Pine Grosbeak: Large, robust finch with red-washed black back, gray sides and undertail coverts, and pink-red rump and underparts. Head and face are pink-red; bill is heavy and black. Wings are black with two pale bars. Tail is black and slightly notched. Feeds on seeds, buds, fruits and insects.
Gray-crowned Rosy-Finch
Gray-crowned Rosy-Finch: Medium finch with brown body and pink on shoulders, flanks, and belly. Forehead is dark brown. The black bill turns yellow with a dark tip in the winter. Back of head and belly have gray patches. Forages in bushes, trees and on ground for seeds and insects. Bounding flight.
Evening Grosbeak
Evening Grosbeak: Large, stocky finch. The male has a bright yellow back, rump, and underparts. Head is dark brown with heavy, pale bill; bright yellow eyebrows extend onto forehead. Wings are dark with bold white secondary patches; tail is dark. The female and juvenile females are similar, but grayer and with white-tipped tails; secondary wing patch is gray and base of inner primaries are white. Juvenile male resembles female, but have white secondaries. Feeds on insects, buds, sap, seeds, fruits and berries. Swift bounding flight.
Cassin's Finch
Cassin's Finch: Medium-sized, cheery finch with bright red crown, brown-streaked back. White belly, pink neck,upper breast and rump. Bill tapers evenly to a sharp point. Forages on ground and high in trees, eats mostly conifer seeds and buds, some insects. Swift bounding flight on rapid wing beats.
Brown-crested Flycatcher
Brown-crested Flycatcher: Medium-sized flycatcher with olive-brown upperparts, yellow underparts, and pale gray throat. Bill is long, stout, and solid black. Wings have rufous patches. Tail is long and rufous. Legs and feet are black. Direct flight with rapid wing beats. Hovers and dips for prey.
Prairie Warbler
Prairie Warbler: Small warbler, brown-streaked, olive-green upperparts with reddish-brown streaking, bright yellow underparts with black streaks on sides. Head has a yellow-green cap, yellow face, and dark eye, cheek stripes. Found in pine stands, mangroves and overgrown fields rather than prairies.
Hermit Warbler
Hermit Warbler: Small warbler, gray upperparts, white underparts, black-streaked flanks. Head is yellow with black throat and nape. Wings are gray with two white bars. Bill, legs and feet are black. They spend most of their time in the tops of tall fir and pine trees, making them difficult to see.
Cassin's Kingbird
Cassin's Kingbird: Large flycatcher, dark olive-gray upperparts, dull yellow underparts. Mask is dark gray, throat is white and breast is gray. Tail is black with gray or white tip. Black bill, legs and feet. Bouyant fluttering flight with shallow wing beats. Hovers to take insects, berries, fruit.
Ovenbird: Medium, ground walking warbler, olive-brown upperparts, heavily spotted white underparts. Head has dull orange central crown stripe edged in black, and a white eye-ring. Wings, tail are olive-green. Name is from its covered nest, the dome and side entrance make it resemble a dutch oven.
Canada Warbler
Canada Warbler: Small warbler with slate-gray upperparts, bright yellow underparts, black-streaked necklace, and white vent. The eye-ring is yellow to white. Bill is gray. Pink legs and feet. Skulks in low, dense undergrowth beneath mixed hardwoods. Direct flight with quick, fluttering wing beats.
Blackpoll Warbler
Blackpoll Warbler: Medium-sized warbler with black-streaked, gray upperparts, white underparts, and black-streaked white sides. Head has black cap and prominent white cheek patch. Bill is black. Wings are dark with two white bars. Pink legs and feet. Swift, direct flight with rapidly beating wings.
Black Rosy-Finch
Black Rosy-Finch: Medium finch with black-brown breast and back, and gray headband. Belly, rump, and wing patches are pink mixed with brown. Forages on ground and in shrubs, grasses and snowfields. Eats seeds and insects. Swift bounding flight, alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Golden-cheeked Warbler
Golden-cheeked Warbler: Medium warbler, black upperparts, white underparts with thick black streaks on sides. Head has black crown, forehead, nape and throat, bright yellow face, and black eye-line. Wings are dark with two white bars. black bill, legs and feet. The only bird with a breeding range confined to Texas.
Connecticut Warbler
Connecticut Warbler: Large ground-walking warbler, olive-gray upperparts, dull yellow underparts. Head has a slate-gray hood and bold white eye-ring. It was named for the state where it was first discovered, where it is an uncommon migrant. Sometimes called Swamp Warbler.
Black-throated Gray Warbler
Black-throated Gray Warbler: Small warbler, black-marked, slate-gray upperparts, black streaks on flanks, white underparts. Head has black hood and throat, sharply contrasting white eyebrow and cheek stripe, and yellow spot in front of eye. Wings are dark with two white bars. Black bill, legs, feet.
Hooded Warbler
Hooded Warbler: Medium warbler, olive-green upperparts, bright yellow underparts. Head has black hood, and yellow face. The eyes are large and dark and the tail is often spread, displaying large white spots. Bill is black, legs and feet are pink. Makes short, direct flights on rapidly beating wings.
Northern Waterthrush
Northern Waterthrush: Large, ground-walking warbler with dark brown upperparts and white to pale yellow underparts with dark, heavy streaks. Eyebrows are thick and vary from pale yellow to white. It flies swiftly in a direct line for short distances. Territorial in both its winter and summer ranges.
Louisiana Waterthrush
Louisiana Waterthrush: Large ground-dwelling warbler, dark olive-brown upperparts, heavily streaked white underparts with buff wash on belly and sides. White throat; eyestripe is dark and thick, white eyebrows widen behind eyes. Bill is long and heavy. Tail is short with pale buff undertail coverts.
Kentucky Warbler
Kentucky Warbler: Medium, ground-dwelling warbler with bright olive-green upperparts and yellow underparts. Head has black mask and sideburns and thick yellow eyebrows. Bill is black, legs and feet are pink. Secretive, heard rather than seen. It is named for the state where it was first discovered.
Chestnut-sided Warbler
Chestnut-sided Warbler: Medium warbler with black-streaked upperparts, white underparts, and chestnut-brown flanks. The cap is bright yellow and moustache stripe is black. Often cocks its tail high above its back as it feeds. The only North American warbler with pure white underparts in all seasons.
Golden-winged Warbler
Golden-winged Warbler: Small warbler with gray upperparts and white underparts. Face is white with black mask and throat, and head has a yellow crown. Wings are gray with large yellow patches. Its flight is weak and fluttering, alternates rapid wing beats with periods of wings drawn to its sides.
Grace's Warbler
Grace's Warbler: Medium flycatching warbler with gray upperparts and black streaks on back and crown. Underparts are white with dark streaks on sides and yellow on throat and breast. Yellow eyebrows turn white behind eyes. Wings are dark with two white bars. Tail is dark with white outer feathers.
Yellow-billed Cuckoo
Yellow-billed Cuckoo: Medium cuckoo, gray-brown upperparts and white underparts. Bill is mostly yellow. Wings are gray-brown with rufous primaries. Tail is long and has white-spotted black edges. Gray legs, feet. Feeds primarily on hairy caterpillars, also insects, larvae, small fruits, and berries.
Black-throated Green Warbler
Black-throated Green Warbler: Medium-sized warbler with olive-green upperparts, black-streaked flanks, and white underparts. Face is yellow with black eyestripe and bill. Crown is olive green. Throat and upper breast are black. Wings are dark with two white bars. Tail is dark. Black legs and feet.
Black-throated Blue Warbler
Black-throated Blue Warbler: Small warbler that is the most strikingly sexually dimorphic of all wood warblers. Male has dark blue upperparts, black throat and mask. White underparts with black sides and white wing patch at base of primaries. Bill, legs and feet are black. The female is olive-brown.
Black-billed Cuckoo
Black-billed Cuckoo: Medium cuckoo with brown upperparts, white underparts. Eye-ring is red and decurved bill is black. Tail is long with faint white, dark-eyed spots underneath. Feeds primarily on caterpillars, also eats insects, small fish, mollusks and fruits. Makes low flights of short duration.
House Finch
House Finch: This medium-sized finch has brown-streaked back and wings, and brown-streaked white underparts. The head, throat and rump are typically pink-red; yellow to orange variants may occur. The tail is long and weakly notched. The female is brown-streaked overall. The bill is short and slightly decurved. Feeds mostly on seeds; takes some insects and fruits. It has a swift bounding flight.
Brewer's Blackbird
Brewer's Blackbird: Medium-sized blackbird with purple gloss on head and neck and green gloss on body and wings. Eyes are yellow. Follows farm tractors and plows. Forages on ground. Feeds on caterpillars, insects, fruits, seeds and grains. Strong, swift and direct flight with rapidly beating wings.
Brown-headed Cowbird
Brown-headed Cowbird: Small blackbird with glossy brown head, heavy bill, and dark eyes. The black body has a faint green sheen. Walks on ground to forage and holds tail cocked over back. Feeds on caterpillars, insects, spiders, fruits, grains and seeds. Swift direct flight with rapid wing beats.
Common Raven
Common Raven: Large raven with all-black body, large, stout bill, wedge-shaped tail. Eats invertebrates, vertebrates, insects, carrion, refuse, eggs and young of other birds, and rodents. Strong flight, alternates several deep wing beats with long glides on flat wings. Soars on thermals, updrafts.
Blue Jay
Blue Jay: Medium, noisy jay with bright blue upperparts, pale gray underparts, distinct head crest, and neck surrounded with a curious black necklace. Black-barred wings and tail have prominent white patches. Direct flight with steady and bouyant wing beats. Glides between perches or to the ground.
Spotted Towhee
Spotted Towhee: Large sparrow, white-spotted black back, black rump. Black breast, white belly, rufous sides. Head is black and eyes are red. Wings are black with white spots. Tail is long and black with white corners. Short, bounding flights, alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
American Crow
American Crow: Large, black bird with dark, stout bill, iridescent violet gloss on body, and blue-black wings. Tail is fan-shaped in flight. Eats insects, small invertebrates, amphibians, reptiles and mammals, eggs and young of other birds, grains, fruits, refuse, and carrion. Steady direct flight.
Ruby-crowned Kinglet
Ruby-crowned Kinglet: Medium kinglet, olive-green upperparts and olive-buff underparts. Head has inconspicuous tuft of red crown feathers and white eye rings. Wings are dark with two white bars. Tail is slightly notched and has white edges. Weak fluttering flight on shallow wing beats.
Winter Wren
Winter Wren: Tiny wren with barred, dark brown upperparts and pale eyebrows. Brown underparts heavily barred on flanks, belly, and undertail. Tail is short. Bill is dark brown. Legs and feet are brown. Only member of the wren family found outside the Americas, occuring in Europe, Asia, and Africa.
Wrentit: Small, noisy songbird with dark gray-brown upperparts, thick streaked, red-brown to buff-brown underparts. Bill is short and black. Tail is very long and dark. Eyes are creamy white, bill is short and gray. Legs and feet are gray. Northern birds have darker upperparts than southern birds.
Juniper Titmouse
Juniper Titmouse: Small titmouse with gray upperparts, paler underparts, and plain gray, crested head. Tail is long and dark. Along with the Oak Titmouse, was known as the Plain Titmouse until 1996, when they were shown to be seperate species due to differences in song, habitat, and genetic makeup.
California Scrub-Jay
California Scrub-Jay: Medium, crestless jay, blue head, wings, tail, gray mask, back, pale gray underparts. Dark-streaked, white throat bordered by dark necklace. Bill, legs, feet are black. Eats grains, fruits, insects, frogs, lizards, and eggs and young of other birds. Flies with steady wing beats. Split History. Split from Western Scrub-Jay into two species, the California Scrub-Jay and Woodhouse's Scrub-Jay in 2016 by the American Ornithologist Union.
Bushtit: Tiny, acrobatic bird with gray-brown upperparts and paler underparts. Eyes are dark brown, bill is tiny, and tail is long. Coastal race has brown crown. Inland race has gray cap and brown ear patch. Black-eared race has black mask, ear patch. Weak fluttering flight.
Chestnut-backed Chickadee
Chestnut-backed Chickadee: Small, energetic chickadee with chestnut-brown back, rump and flanks, and white breast and belly. Barlowi subspecies has gray flanks. Cap and throat are black; cheek patch is white. Wings and tail are dark. Legs and feet are gray-black. Song not whistled like other chickadees, more like a sparrow chipping.
Chihuahuan Raven
Chihuahuan Raven: Small raven, entirely metallic blue-black except for inconspicuous white neck feathers which are infrequently displayed. Eyes are pale brown. Alternates between several deep wing beats and short to long glides. Glides from altitude to perch or ground. Soars on thermals, updrafts.
California Towhee
California Towhee: Large sparrow, uniform brown-gray body, faintly streaked underparts, buff throat bordered with dark streaks. Tail is long with cinnamon-brown undertail coverts. Pink-brown legs and feet. Short flights with rapid beating wing strokes alternating with wings pulled briefly to sides.
Gray Jay
Gray Jay: Medium-sized, fluffy, crestless jay with gray upperparts, paler underparts, and a short bill. Tail is long and white-tipped. Feeds on insects, carrion, refuse, seed, nuts, berries, mice, eggs and young of other birds. Light and bouyant flight on steady wing beats. Glides between perches.
Green Jay
Green Jay: Medium, tropical jay with green back, yellow underparts, and distinct black bib. Head and nape are pale blue and has a short crest. Tail is long, blue-green, and yellow-edged. Bill, legs and feet are black. Omnivorous. Direct flight with steady bouyant wing beats. Glides between perches.
Brown Jay
Brown Jay: Large, crestless jay with dark brown upperparts and paler brown underparts grading toward white under white-tipped tail. Head is darker brown with thick, black bill. Legs and feet are black. Feeds on insects, eggs, vertebrates, seeds, nuts, fruits and berries. Steady and bouyant flight.
Belted Kingfisher
Belted Kingfisher: This medium-sized bird has a bushy crest, white collar and large, black dagger-like bill. It has blue-gray upperparts, white underparts and gray legs and feet. Males have one blue band across the white breast, while females have a blue and chestnut band. It hovers above water to search for prey such as crayfish and frogs. Slow direct flight with an erratic pattern.
Black-headed Grosbeak
Black-headed Grosbeak: Large, stocky finch, black-streaked, orange-brown back, black head, wings, tail. Breast is orange-brown and belly is yellow. Wings have conspicuous white patches. Black legs, feet. Female lacks black head and throat, has brown streaked upperparts and buff streaked underparts. Forages on ground and in trees and bushes. Eats insects, caterpillars, seeds, fruits and berries.
Black-billed Magpie
Black-billed Magpie: Large, noisy jay, mostly black, with very long tail and dark, stout bill. Wings and tail are iridescent blue and green-black. White belly and sides. Eats insects, larvae, carrion. Direct flight on shallow, steady wing beats. Often glides between perches or from perch to ground.
Clark's Nutcracker
Clark's Nutcracker: Medium, noisy and inquisitive jay with pale gray head and body. Black bill is long and stout. Wings are black with white patches and tail is black with white edges. Feeds on nuts, insects, eggs and young of other birds, lizards, carrion and small mammals. Steady deep wing beats.
House Sparrow
House Sparrow: This medium-sized stocky sparrow has black-streaked brown upperparts, pale gray underparts, brown wings with a single white bar, pale gray cheeks and crown, black throat, upper breast, and a short, thick, black conical bill. Female lacks black and is pale gray-brown overall with buff eyebrows. Feeds mostly on grains and seeds. Agile fliers with an undulating flight pattern.
American Goldfinch
American Goldfinch: Male is a small, noisy finch with a bright yellow body, black cap, wings, and tail, and white rump and undertail coverts. Wings have flashy white patches and bright yellow shoulder bar. Bill is pink and conical. Female is duller with olive back and lacks black cap and yellow shoulder bars. Winter male has olive-gray to olive-brown upperparts, paler underparts, yellow shoulder bar, white wing bar, dark bill, and may show black on forehead and yellow on throat and face. Winter female is duller with buff wing and shoulder bars, and lacks yellow and black on face and head. Juvenile resembles winter female but has yellow wash on throat and breast.
Yellow-billed Magpie
Yellow-billed Magpie: Large jay with black hood, back and breast, featherless, pale yellow spot behind eye, and white belly. Bill is yellow. Upperwings are iridescent blue-green with large white shoulder patches. Tail is iridescent green-black, very long, and wedge-shaped. Legs and feet are black.
Pine Siskin
Pine Siskin: Small finch with brown-streaked body. Wings have small patches of yellow and two white wing-bars. Tail is dark, notched, and has small yellow patches. Bill is slender and pointed. Forages on ground and in trees for seeds and insects. Flight is swift and high, travels in compact flocks.
Pinyon Jay
Pinyon Jay: Small, crestless, stocky jay with blue-gray body. Head is darker blue and has pale streaks on throat. Tail is short. Bill, legs, feet are black. Feeds on pine seeds, grain, fruit, berries, insects and eggs and young of other birds. Steady bouyant and direct flight with deep wing beats.
Steller's Jay
Steller's Jay: Large crested jay with a black head and crest and a blue body. Head has slight white eyebrow, forehead, and chin spots. Wings and tail are blue with black bars. Feeds on pine seeds, acorns, fruit, frogs, snakes, carrion, insects and eggs and young of other birds.
Dark-eyed Junco
Dark-eyed Junco: Medium-sized sparrow with considerable geographic color variation, although all exhibit a pink bill, dark eyes, white belly, and dark-centered tail with white outer feathers. Gray-headed form has gray head, rump, breast, and sides, and rust-brown back. Slate-colored form is slate-gray overall with darker head. Oregon form has black hood, chestnut-brown back and buff-brown flanks. White-winged form is blue-gray overall and shows two white wing bars. Pink-sided form is blue-gray with darker wings and pink-gray flanks. Female of each form resembles male but is usually paler. Juveniles of all forms are heavily streaked brown with darker heads, white bellies, and white outer tail feathers.
Cedar Waxwing
Cedar Waxwing: Small waxwing, red-brown upperparts, pale slate-gray rump, buff underparts. Head is crested, has black mask with narrow white band below. Yellow-tipped tail, white undertail coverts. Wings have red wax-like tips on secondaries from which it gets its name. Black bill, legs and feet.
European Starling
European Starling: Small, chunky, iridescent purple and green blackbird with long, pointed yellow bill, pink legs, and short tail. The feathers on back and undertail show buff edges. Feeds in open areas, normally on the ground. Strong, direct and swift flight on rapidly beating wings.
Black Phoebe
Black Phoebe: Medium flycatcher, mostly black body and white belly. Outer tail feathers and undertail coverts are white. Bill, legs, feet are black. Feeds primarily on insects, sometimes small fish. Weak fluttering bouyant flight with shallow wing beats. Sallies from perch to catch insects in air.
Northern Mockingbird
Northern Mockingbird: This medium-sized bird has gray upperparts, paler gray underparts and a faint eye line. The wings are gray-black with two white bars and large white patches, visible when spread. It has a long, gray tail edged with white, yellow eyes and black legs and feet. Feeds on fruit and insects. Several quick wing strokes alternated with wings pulled to the sides. Sexes are similar.
Townsend's Warbler
Townsend's Warbler: Olive-green upperparts, black throat and upper breast. Lower breast and sides are yellow with black streaks and belly is white.Face is yellow with black crown and cheek patch and yellow crescent below eye. Wings have two white bars. Tail has white edges, dark center and tip.
Common Yellowthroat
Common Yellowthroat: Small, skulking warbler with olive-yellow upperparts, bright yellow throat and breast, and pale gray belly. The head has a black mask with a thick white border above, black bill. Legs are pink. Slow weak flight, alternates periods of rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Wilson's Warbler
Wilson's Warbler: Small warbler with olive-green upperparts, bright yellow face and underparts, distinct black cap. It has a long, olive-brown tail which it moves up and down, or in a circular fashion, as it searches for food. It is more common in the West than in the East. Legs and feet are pink.
Lesser Goldfinch
Lesser Goldfinch: Small finch with dark back (black in the east, dark green in the west), black crown, bright yellow underparts. Wings, tail black with white markings. Forages in shrubs, brush, weedy fields for seeds and insects. Swift flight, alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Western Tanager
Western Tanager: Medium-sized tanager with brilliant red head, bright yellow body, black back, wings, and tail. Wings have two bars: upper bar is yellow, lower bar is white. Legs and feet are gray. Female is olive-green above, with gray back and yellow underparts. Swift direct flight on rapidly beating wings. It was first recorded on the Lewis and Clark expedition.
Dusky-capped Flycatcher
Dusky-capped Flycatcher: Small Myiarchus flycatcher with olive-brown upperparts, white and red-edged wing feathers, brown tail. Throat and breast are pale gray and belly is pale yellow.Feeds on insects, fruits and berries. Rapid flight with shallow wing beats. Sallies to snatch insects in flight.
Lawrence's Goldfinch
Lawrence's Goldfinch: Small finch with gray nape and back and yellow-gray rump. Underparts are white; breast is yellow. Cap and face are black. Wings are dark with bright yellow bars. Feeds on seeds and insects. Swift bounding flight, alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled briefly to sides.
Olive-sided Flycatcher
Olive-sided Flycatcher: Large, heavy-billed flycatcher with dark olive-brown upperparts, streaked olive-brown sides, and white underparts. Head has slight crest and faint white eye-ring. Wings are dark with two pale bars. Dark tail is relatively short, broad, and slightly notched. Black legs, feet.
Pacific-slope Flycatcher
Pacific-slope Flycatcher: Small flycatcher, olive-brown upperparts, yellow throat and belly, olive-gray breast. Eye-ring is white and elongated. Wings are dark with two pale bars. Bill is long with dark upper mandible and bright yellow lower mandible. Weak fluttering flight on shallow wing beats.
Bullock's Oriole
Bullock's Oriole: Medium oriole, mostly bright orange with black crown, eye-line, throat stripe, back, and central tail. Wings are black with large white patches. Forages in trees and bushes. Feeds on insects, caterpillars, fruits and berries. Sips nectar. Strong direct flight with rapid wing beats.
Yellow-rumped (Audubon's) Warbler
Yellow-rumped (Audubon's) Warbler: Medium warbler, dark-streaked, blue-gray upperparts, yellow rump and throat. White belly, breast white and black streaked, yellow patches on the sides. Head dark blue-gray with yellow crown, black lores, white lower and upper eye crescents. Dark wings with white-edged coverts. Tail is dark with white corners.
Oak Titmouse
Oak Titmouse: Medium-sized titmouse with pale, brown-tinged gray upperparts and paler face and underparts. The bill is small and black, and legs and feet are gray. Weak, fluttering flight. A recently formed species, and along with the Juniper Titmouse, was known as the Plain Titmouse until 1996.
Red-winged Blackbird
Red-winged Blackbird: Small blackbird with jet-black body and bright red shoulder patches edged with yellow on bottom. Runs or hops while foraging on the ground. Eats seeds, grains, berries, fruits, insects, caterpillars, spiders, snails, grubs and mollusks. Strong direct flight on rapid wing beats.
Fox Sparrow
Fox Sparrow: Large sparrow, varies from dark or gray-brown in the west, rufous in the east; upperparts may be so dark that back pattern is hard to see. Heavily streaked upperparts, converging at midbreast into a large, dark spot. Rust-brown tail. Bill has dark upper mandible, yellow lower mandible.
Marsh Wren
Marsh Wren: Small wren with lightly barred, warm brown upperparts, black-and-white triangular patch on upper back, and dull white underparts with pale brown sides. Crown is dark and eyebrows are white. Tail is relatively short and dark-barred. Black bill is long and slender. Legs and feet are black.
White-crowned Sparrow
White-crowned Sparrow: Medium-sized sparrow with brown-streaked upperparts, small white throat patch, and plain gray underparts. The white crown has distinct black lines. Wings are brown with two pale bars. Short flights, alternates rapid wing beats with brief periods of the wings pulled to sides.
Golden-crowned Sparrow
Golden-crowned Sparrow: Large sparrow, brown-streaked upperparts and plain gray breast. Yellow crown is bordered by a wide black cap; cheek and collar are black. Bill is gray. Wings are brown with two white bars. Short flights, alternates rapid wing beats with brief periods of wings pulled to sides.
Bewick's Wren
Bewick's Wren: Small wren with unstreaked, gray to red-brown upperparts and plain white underparts. White eyebrows are conspicuous. Tail is long and white-edged with dark bars. Bill is long and slightly decurved. Legs and feet are gray. Eastern populations are red-brown, Northwestern birds are more brown, and Western Interior birds are gray-brown. Eastern populations have seriously declined since the 1960s.
Hutton's Vireo
Hutton's Vireo: Small vireo, olive-gray upperparts, buff to yellow underparts. Eye ring is white, broken above eye. White undertail coverts. Wings are dark with two white bars. Gray bill is short and thick. Legs, feet are blue-gray. West Coast birds have greener upperparts then southwestern birds.
Warbling Vireo
Warbling Vireo: Small vireo, gray to olive-gray upperparts, white underparts; sides sometimes washed with yellow. Eyes are dark brown, have thick, white eyebrows and faint, dark eye-lines. Gray wings and tail. Legs and feet are blue-gray. Has the largest breeding range of any North American vireo.
Orange-crowned Warbler
Orange-crowned Warbler: Small warbler with olive-green upperparts and faintly streaked, yellow underparts. The head has inconspicuous orange crown, broken eye-ring, and faint eye-line. Though it lives and nests in dense foliage close to the ground, the male perches at the tops of tall trees to sing.
Western Bluebird
Western Bluebird: Small thrush with deep blue hood and upperparts, crescent mark across upper back, red-brown breast, and white belly. Bill, legs and feet are black. Populations are declining due to competition for nest sites with European Starlings, Tree Swallows and House Sparrows.
Song Sparrow
Song Sparrow: Medium sparrow, heavily streaked gray-brown upperparts. Dull white underparts have dark central breast spot, thick streaks. Head has brown crown, paler median stripe, pale gray eyebrow, white chin, dark brown moustache stripe. Rust-brown wings. Tail is long, usually tinged rust-brown.
Western Meadowlark
Western Meadowlark: This short stocky, ground-dwelling bird has dark-streaked brown upperparts, bright yellow underparts, and a broad black V on the breast. It has a dark brown-and-white striped crown, sharply pointed bill and brown tail with white edges. Feeds mostly on insects but also eats seeds. Flies low, with rapid shallow stiff wing beats followed by short glides. Sexes are similar.
Hermit Thrush
Hermit Thrush: Small thrush, with olive-brown to red- or gray-brown upperparts, black-spotted white underparts and rufous tail. Distinct white eye-ring. Pink legs, feet. Swift direct flight, may hover briefly over prey. Considered to have one of the most beautiful songs of all North American birds. The state bird of Vermont.
Sagebrush Sparrow
Sagebrush Sparrow: Medium sparrow, dark-streaked brown back, white underparts with central breast spot, streaks on sides. Gray head has white patch in front of eye. White throat has dark moustache stripe. Brown wings, two faint bars. Long tail is dark, white edged. Coastal form is darker. Sage Sparrow was split into two distinct species in 2014 by the American Ornithologist Union. Bell's Sparrow and Sagebrush Sparrow.
Green-tailed Towhee
Green-tailed Towhee: Large sparrow, olive-green upperparts and pale gray underparts. Crown is rufous, throat is white with black stripes, and bill is gray. Wings and tail are edged with olive-yellow. Rapid bouncy flight, alternates several quick wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Smith's Longspur
Smith's Longspur: Medium sparrow, yellow-brown streaked upperparts, black head with white eyebrow and ear patch, and yellow-brown nape, throat, and underparts. Wings have large white bars. Tail is black with white edges. Yellow-brown legs and feet. Feeds on seeds, spiders, and insects.
Swamp Sparrow
Swamp Sparrow: Small sparrow with dark-streaked brown upperparts, gray upper breast, and pale gray, faintly streaked underparts. Head has rust-brown cap with paler median stripe and gray face. The wings are rust-brown with black-and-white streaks. Eats seeds, insects. Pink legs, feet.
Rufous-crowned Sparrow
Rufous-crowned Sparrow: Medium sparrow with gray-brown upperparts streaked with red-brown; underparts are gray. Head has rufous crown, gray face, rufous eye-line, and thick, black moustache stripe. Wings are brown and lack bars. Tail is long and rounded. Legs and feet are pink-gray.
Lark Sparrow
Lark Sparrow: Medium sparrow with streaked, gray-brown upperparts and buff underparts with black breast spot. Head has black, white, and chestnut-brown stripes. Tail is long and black with white edges. Short, fluttering flight, alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Savannah Sparrow
Savannah Sparrow: Small sparrow, dark-streaked, gray-brown upperparts, white underparts, heavy streaks on breast and sides. Head has a brown crown with pale central stripe and pale yellow or white eyebrows. Brown wings have two pale bars. Tail is short and notched. Pink legs and feet.
Alder Flycatcher
Alder Flycatcher: Small flycatcher with olive-brown upperparts, white underparts, and indistinct white eye-ring. Wings are olive-brown with two white or pale bars. Bill is short with orange lower mandible. Black legs and feet. Weak fluttering direct flight with shallow, rapid wing beats.
Audubon's Oriole
Audubon's Oriole: Large oriole with yellow-green upperparts, black hood extending onto upper breast, and lemon-yellow underparts. Wings are black with a single white bar and white-edged feathers. Tail is all black. Swift and direct flight with rapid wing beats low under the canopy.
Bahama Mockingbird
Bahama Mockingbird: Medium mockingbird with gray-brown upperparts and dark-streaked, pale gray underparts. Wings are dark with two white bars and white feather edges. Tail is long and white-tipped. Legs and feet are dark gray. Eats insects, spiders, small reptiles, berries and fruits.
Bell's Vireo
Bell's Vireo: Small vireo, faint, broken eye-ring, thick, slightly flattened hooked bill, one or two faint wing bars. Upperparts are gray and underparts are white with pale yellow wash on sides. Eastern race has gray-green upperparts and distinct yellow wash on underparts. Legs and feet are gray.
Altamira Oriole
Altamira Oriole: Largest North American oriole, bright yellow-orange body, black back, mask, bib, and tail. Bill is black. Wings are black with white bar and feather edges. Gray legs and feet. Feeds on caterpillars, insects, fruits, and berries. Swift, strong flight on rapid wing beats.
White-throated Sparrow
White-throated Sparrow: Medium-sized sparrow with rust-brown striped upperparts, conspicuous white throat, and plain gray underparts. Head has black-and-white striped crown and yellow spots between eyes and bill. Short flights, alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Vesper Sparrow
Vesper Sparrow: Medium sparrow, black-streaked gray-brown upperparts, white underparts, and streaked breast and sides. White face has brown cheek patch and white eye-ring. Wings are gray-brown with two pale bars and rufous shoulder patches. Tail is notched and dark with white edges.
Lapland Longspur
Lapland Longspur: Medium sparrow-like bird, brown-streaked black back. Underparts are white, streaked black on sides, flanks. Crown, face, and throat are black; nape is red-brown. Broad white stripe from eye to sides of breast. Bill is yellow with dark tip. Tail is long, white edges.
Mountain Bluebird
Mountain Bluebird: Small thrush with brilliant blue back, head, and wings. Throat and breast are paler blue, and belly and undertail coverts are white. Female is gray overall with blue wings, rump, and tail. Hovers more than other bluebirds and drops on prey from above, also catches insects in flight. Eats mostly insects in the summer.
Eastern Meadowlark
Eastern Meadowlark: Short ground-dwelling bird with buff- and black-streaked brown upperparts. Head has black-and-white striped crown, white face, black eyestripe and a pointed bill. Throat to belly is yellow, broad black V on breast. Brown tail has white edges and undertail coverts.
Eastern Wood-Pewee
Eastern Wood-Pewee: Small flycatcher, gray-olive upperparts, pale gray underparts. Bill is dark except for yellow base of lower mandible. Wings are dark with two white bars. Black legs, feet. Feeds on insects, spiders and berries. Slow fluttering direct flight on shallow wing beats.
Eastern Bluebird
Eastern Bluebird: Small thrush with bright blue upperparts, rust-brown throat and breast, and white belly and vent. Forages in the open from low branches for insects, earthworms, and spiders. Eats mostly berries and seeds in winter. Slow, direct flight with shallow, jerky wing beats.
Yellow-throated Vireo
Yellow-throated Vireo: Large vireo, olive-gray upperparts, gray rump. Throat and breast are bright yellow, belly is white. Eyes are dark. Spectacles are yellow. Wings are dark with two white bars. Legs and feet are black. It is the most colorful member of its family in North America.
Summer Tanager
Summer Tanager: Large tanager, dark-red overall with a large, pale gray bill. Legs and feet are gray. It is the only entirely red bird in North America. Female has olive-yellow upperparts and dull yellow underparts. Some red morph females have a red wash, red splotches, or are entirely red. It specializes in eating bees and wasps, which is why it is also known as the bee bird. Swift direct flight with quick wing strokes.
Scarlet Tanager
Scarlet Tanager: Medium tanager with brilliant red body, black wings, tail. The only bird in North America with this unique plumage. Heavy bill is yellow-gray. Gray legs and feet. Winter male has dull green upperparts, yellow-green underparts, often interspersed with red during molt.
Sage Thrasher
Sage Thrasher: Small thrasher, gray upperparts, dark-streaked white underparts with pale brown wash. The head is gray, bill is short and slightly decurved. Wings are dark with thin,white bars. Tail is dark with white corners. Legs and feet are black. Fast flight on shallow wing beats.
Flame-colored Tanager
Flame-colored Tanager: Tropical tanager, flame red-orange body, black wings with white wing bars and spots, black-streaked back. Face has pale gray-tinged ear patch bordered with black. Female is olive-green above, olive-yellow below, and has black wings. Bill is gray, legs, feet are black. Swift, direct flight.
McCown's Longspur
McCown's Longspur: Medium-sized sparrow with streaked gray upperparts, plain gray underparts, and darker breast. The head has a black crown, white face and throat, and a stout, heavy bill. White tail has diagnostic black inverted T. Wings have chestnut-brown bars. Black legs and feet.
Snow Bunting
Snow Bunting: Medium-sized, strikingly white sparrow with black back, central tail, and wing tips. Bill, legs and feet are black. Forages on ground for seeds, insects, larvae and caterpillars. Swift flight, alternates rapidly beating wings with brief periods of wings pulled to sides.
Blue-headed Vireo
Blue-headed Vireo: Medium-sized vireo with olive-green upperparts, white underparts, and yellow flanks. Head has blue-gray hood, white spectacles, and white throat. The wings are dark with two white or pale yellow bars. Weak, fluttering flight with rapid wing beats. May hover briefly.
Hepatic Tanager
Hepatic Tanager: Large tanager, dark to orange-red overall, gray wash on back and flanks. Gray-red cheek patch. Heavy, dark bill is slightly hooked. Legs and feet are gray. Forages in upper foliage of trees, sometimes catches insects in midair. Swift direct flight on rapid wing beats.
Eastern Kingbird
Eastern Kingbird: Large flycatcher, blue-black back, wings, black tail with white terminal band, white underparts. Head is black, has inconspicuous red crown feathers visible when bird is displaying. Black bill, legs, feet. Fluttering stiff-winged direct flight with shallow wing beats.
Rustic Bunting
Rustic Bunting: Medium bunting with bright chestnut-brown upperparts streaked with black on back. Throat and belly are white, breast band is cinnamon-brown, and sides and flanks are streaked. Black head has slight crest and thick white eyebrow. The tail is dark brown with white edges.
Wood Thrush
Wood Thrush: Medium thrush, rust-brown upperparts, white underparts with heavy dark brown spots. Eye-rings are white. Black bill has creamy pink base on lower mandible. In the early 1900s, its range began to expand north, forcing the Veery and Hermit thrushes to find another habitat.
Veery: Medium-sized thrush with rust-brown upperparts, indistinct pale gray eye-ring, white underparts, and faint rust-brown spots on the breast. Dark race has gray-brown upperparts and breast spots. The male sings a lovely, ethereal downward-slurring song at sunset. Shy and retiring.
Acadian Flycatcher
Acadian Flycatcher: Small flycatcher with olive-gray upperparts, pale gray throat, distinctive pale yellow eye-ring, white lower breast, and faint yellow wash on belly and undertail coverts. Wings are olive-gray with two buff wing bars. Long broad-based bill with yellow-orange lower mandible. Black legs, feet.
Eastern Phoebe
Eastern Phoebe: Small flycatcher with dark gray-brown upperparts and slightly darker wings and tail. Underparts are pale with hint of olive-brown or yellow on sides and breast. Bill, legs, and feet are black. Feeds on insects, small fish, berries and fruit. Weak fluttering bouyant flight.
Brown Thrasher
Brown Thrasher: Medium thrasher, rufous upperparts, black-streaked, pale brown underparts. Eyes are yellow. Brown-black bill curves down, lower mandible has pale base. Wings have two white and black bars. Tail is long and red-brown. Legs and feet are brown. Fast flight on shallow, rapid wing beats.
Black-capped Chickadee
Black-capped Chickadee: Medium-sized, stocky chickadee with pale gray upperparts and breast and pale olive-brown underparts. The black cap and bib and white cheeks are conspicuous. Black bill is short and thin. Wings are dark with broad white edges on feathers. State bird of Maine and Massachusetts.
Least Flycatcher
Least Flycatcher: Small flycatcher with olive-gray upperparts, gray breast, and pale yellow belly. Eye-ring is white. The bill has pale lower mandible with dark tip. Legs and feet are black. Feeds on insects, spiders, berries and seeds. Weak fluttering direct flight with shallow wing beats.
Northern Cardinal
Northern Cardinal: This large crested finch has a vivid red body. The black mask and chin contrast with a heavy red bill. Female is duller overall, with red wings and tail washed with gray, and smaller crest. Forages on the ground in trees and bushes. Feeds on seeds, grains, fruits, insects and snails. Hops instead of walking on the ground. Alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Philadelphia Vireo
Philadelphia Vireo: Medium vireo with olive-green upperparts and yellow-washed to yellow underparts. The head has a gray cap, dark eyes, and white-bordered black eye-line. Wings are olive-green with very faint wing-bars. Undertail coverts yellow. First discovered near Philadelphia in 1842.
Sedge Wren
Sedge Wren: Small wren with white-streaked, brown upperparts and pale buff underparts. Eyebrows are pale brown. Tail is short and barred. Bill is short and the legs and feet are pink. One of the most nomadic territorial birds. In any area it may be abundant one year, absent the next.
Horned Lark
Horned Lark: Medium-sized lark with pale or dark brown upperparts and white underparts. Face and throat are pale yellow to white and mask, cap, and ear tufts are black. Tail is dark with white edges. Forages on ground, usually in open fields. Eats seeds, grains, insects and small mollusks.
Yellow-bellied Flycatcher
Yellow-bellied Flycatcher: Small flycatcher with olive-green upperparts, yellow underparts, and olive-green wash on breast. Spectacles are pale yellow. The wings are dark with two white bars. Feeds on a variety of insects and spiders. Weak fluttering flight with shallow rapid wing beats.
Yellow-breasted Bunting
Yellow-breasted Bunting: Medium bunting, rufous upperparts, black head. Yellow underparts with dark streaks on sides and flanks, bold chestnut-brown breast band. Black wings with large white shoulder patches, wing-bars. Swift flight, alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Great Crested Flycatcher
Great Crested Flycatcher: Large, crested flycatcher with olive-green upperparts. Head, throat, and upper breast are gray, belly is yellow, and undertail coverts are lemon-yellow. Bill is heavy and black. Wings are dark with rufous patches. Tail is rufous. Swift bouyant direct flight.
Carolina Wren
Carolina Wren: Medium-sized wren with rufous upperparts and buff underparts. Eyebrows are white, wings and tail are dark barred with white flecks. Throat and chin are white. Bill is decurved. Legs and feet are pink-gray. Range expands north when winters are mild and retracts south when harsh.
Olive Sparrow
Olive Sparrow: Medium-sized sparrow with olive-brown upperparts. Underparts are olive-gray on breast, sides, flanks and undertail coverts, and white on chin, throat and belly. Also has wide brown stripe on each side of crown and dark line through eye. Tail is rounded and dark brown.
Spot-breasted Oriole
Spot-breasted Oriole: Large oriole, mostly bright orange except for black back, mask, throat, and spots on breast; wings are black with large white patches. Tail is black. Forages in shrubs and trees. Feeds on insects, fruits, berries and nectar. Strong direct and swift flight with rapid wing beats.
Streak-backed Oriole
Streak-backed Oriole: Large oriole with mostly bright orange body except for black streaks on back. Deep orange-red head and breast contrast with black face, chin. Black wings with two bold white bars. Black tail with white corners. Eats mostly insects. Strong direct flight with rapid wing beats.
Lanceolated Warbler
Lanceolated Warbler: Medium warbler with streaked gray-yellow body. Underparts are white, brown streaked breast, flanks and undertail coverts. Brown legs, feet. Rare visitor to Alaska. Feeds on spiders, insects and their larvae. Direct flight close to the ground on shallow wing beats.
Canyon Towhee
Canyon Towhee: Large sparrow, gray upperparts, pale gray underparts, large central breast spot, and white belly patch. Crown is rust-brown. Tail is long with brown undertail coverts. Legs are pink-brown. Short flights with rapidly beating wing strokes alternating with wings pulled briefly to sides.
Eastern Towhee
Eastern Towhee: Large sparrow with black upperparts, hood and upper breast, rufous flanks, and white underparts. Wings are black with white markings, and tail is long and black with white corners. Short, bounding flight, alternates several rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Western Spindalis
Western Spindalis: Small tanager, black-gray back, dark rufous nape, rump. Throat patch is yellow, bib is red-black, breast and collar are yellow-orange, belly is white. Head is black-and-white striped. Dark gray bill. Wings are dark with white patches. Tail is black with white edges.
Henslow's Sparrow
Henslow's Sparrow: Small sparrow, black-streaked brown upperparts. Breast, sides, and flanks are dark-streaked pale buff; throat and belly are white. Head is olive-brown with dark lines. Weak fluttering flight with tail jerking, alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled to sides.
Five-striped Sparrow
Five-striped Sparrow: Medium sparrow, dark, gray-brown upperparts, gray underparts, white belly. Head has thin white eyebrow and eye-ring, and black-and-white throat stripes. Pink-gray legs, feet. Short flights, alternates rapid wing beats with brief periods of wings pulled to sides.
Tufted Titmouse
Tufted Titmouse: The largest titmouse, it has gray upperparts, pale gray underparts, rust-brown flanks. Head has dark gray cap and crest, pale gray face, and white eye-ring. Bill is black. Wings and tail are gray. Legs and feet are gray. Most spend their entire lives not far from their birthplace.
Rufous-winged Sparrow
Rufous-winged Sparrow: Medium sparrow, gray-brown upperparts finely streaked with black; underparts are white. Pale gray head has rufous crown divided by gray median stripe, red-brown eye-line, and black moustache stripe. Wings are brown with rufous shoulder patches and two white bars.
Bachman's Sparrow
Bachman's Sparrow: Medium-sized sparrow with brown-streaked gray upperparts and buff underparts except for white belly. Face is gray with brown crown and a thin, dark line extending back from eye. The tail is long, dark, and round-tipped. Upper mandible is dark. Legs and feet are pink.
American Tree Sparrow
American Tree Sparrow: Medium, gray-brown sparrow, black and rufous-brown streaks on back, wings. Crown, eyestripes, flanks are rufous-brown, contrasting with gray face. Pale gray breast with dark central spot, rufous-brown sides. Upper mandible is dark gray, lower mandible is yellow.
Botteri's Sparrow
Botteri's Sparrow: Medium-sized sparrow with brown-streaked, gray upperparts and pale gray underparts. Bill is gray. Wings are tinged rust-brown. Tail is gray-brown, long, and round-tipped. Short flights with rapidly beating wing strokes alternating with wings pulled briefly to sides.
Red-faced Warbler
Red-faced Warbler: Medium-sized warbler with gray upperparts, white nape and rump, and paler gray underparts. Forehead, throat, and upper breast are bright red. The crown and ear patches are black. Gray tail is long and square tipped. Eats mostly spiders and insects which it finds in tree branches.
Bay-breasted Warbler
Bay-breasted Warbler: Medium-sized warbler with dark-streaked gray upperparts and buff underparts with chestnut-brown patches on the chin, throat, breast and flanks. The head has a dark brown crown and black mask. Wings are black with two white bars. It is one of the largest warblers.
Red Crossbill
Red Crossbill: Medium finch with red-orange body, brighter red rump, and dark brown wings. Bill is dark and crossed at tip. The tail is notched. Legs and feet are gray-black. Eats seeds, insects and caterpillars. Swift bounding flight, alternates rapid wing beats with wings pulled briefly to sides.
Painted Redstart
Painted Redstart: Medium warbler with black head, upperparts, bright red breast and belly. Wings are black with large, white patches. White arc beneath eye. Tail is black with thick, white edges. It only eats insects, and forages for them on the ground and in trees. It also catches them in flight.
Willow Flycatcher
Willow Flycatcher: Small flycatcher, brown-olive upperparts, white throat contrasting with paler breast, white to pale yellow belly and faint white eye ring. Dark wings with two white bars. Feeds on insects, spiders, berries. Weak fluttering flight with shallow rapid wing beats.
Western Kingbird
Western Kingbird: Large flycatcher, gray upperparts, darker head, white throat and upper breast, and yellow lower breast and belly. Wings are brown. Tail is black with white edges. Feeds on insects, fruits and berries. Bouyant fluttering flight on shallow wing beats. Hovers over prey and dips down.
Blue-gray Gnatcatcher
Blue-gray Gnatcatcher: Small, flycatcher-like perching bird, blue-gray upperparts, white underparts, prominent white eye-ring. Wings are dark. Black tail is long and white-edged. Forages in thickets, trees and shrubs for insects, their eggs and larvae. Weak fluttering flight on shallow wing beats.
Thick-billed Kingbird
Thick-billed Kingbird: Large flycatcher with gray-brown upperparts, darker head, and seldom seen yellow crown patch. Throat and breast are gray-washed white, and belly and undertail coverts are pale yellow. Bill is large and black. Tail is gray-brown and slightly forked, edged with cinnamon-brown.
Vermilion Flycatcher
Vermilion Flycatcher: Small, stocky flycatcher, gray-black upperparts and scarlet-red crown, throat, and underparts. Face has thick, black eye-line. Wings and tail are gray-black; tail has thin white tip. Female has gray-brown upperparts, white underparts with brown streaks, and a light to dark salmon colored belly and vent. Weak fluttering flight on shallow wing beats. Hovers in display flight and when foraging.
Say's Phoebe
Say's Phoebe: Medium-sized, active flycatcher with gray-brown upperparts and head, paler gray throat and upper breast, and pale rufous belly and undertail coverts. The wings and tail are dark gray. Feeds primarily on insects. Weak fluttering flight with shallow wing beats. Hawks from perch, hovers.
Red-throated Pipit
Red-throated Pipit: Medium pipit, brown streaked upperparts, heavily streaked white underparts. Face, chin, throat, upper breast are orange-brown. Crown is pale brown. Brown wings have two white bars. Tail is white-edged. Bill is black. Legs and feet are pink. Eats mostly insects, also eat seeds.
Sprague's Pipit
Sprague's Pipit: Medium pipit with streaked, brown upperparts, buff breast with dark streaks, and white throat and belly. Tail is brown with white edges. Thin, pale bill. Legs are yellow to pale brown. Its plumage blends well among prairie grasses, making it difficult to spot.
Dusky Warbler
Dusky Warbler: Small, dark warbler with gray-brown upperparts, gray-streaked underparts, distinct white eyebrow, and faint eye-ring. The tail is slightly round-tipped. Brown legs and feet. Forages on ground, in trees. Constantly flicks wings. Weak fluttering direct flight with shallow wing beats.
Arctic Warbler
Arctic Warbler: Medium-sized, active warbler with stout bill, olive-green back, olive-brown sides, and white throat and belly. Dark eye-lines contrast with pale yellow eyebrows curving upward behind eyes. Wings have faint pale bar on tips of greater coverts. Tail is square. Pale yellow legs, feet.
Hammond's Flycatcher
Hammond's Flycatcher: Small flycatcher, gray upperparts, gray-brown underparts, white eye-ring. Throat is pale gray, belly is pale yellow. Wings are dark with two pale bars. Feeds on insects. Black legs and feet. Weak fluttering direct flight with shallow wing beats. Sallies to take insects in air.
MacGillivray's Warbler
MacGillivray's Warbler: Medium-sized warbler with olive-green upperparts and yellow underparts. White eye-ring is broken and slate gray hood extends to upper breast where it darkens to black. It forages for insects on or close to the ground. As it hops, it often flicks its tail from side to side.
Blue-winged Warbler
Blue-winged Warbler: Medium-sized warbler with olive-green upperparts and yellow underparts. The head is yellow with thin black eye line and olive-green nape. Wings are dark gray with two white bars. When its range overlaps with the Golden-winged Warrbler, it often interbreeds with or displaces it.
Palm Warbler
Palm Warbler: Medium warbler with olive-brown upperparts and yellow underparts streaked with brown. Cap is chestnut-brown. Western form is grayer overall and has white belly. It pumps its tail up and down more than any other warbler. Despite its name, it lives further north than most other warblers.
Dusky Flycatcher
Dusky Flycatcher: Small flycatcher with olive-gray upperparts and white or yellow tinged underparts. The upper breast has a pale olive wash. Eye has faint eye-ring. Bill is black except for orange base of lower mandible. The legs and feet are black. Weak fluttering flight with shallow wing beats.
Magnolia Warbler
Magnolia Warbler: Medium-sized warbler with dark back, yellow rump, and black-streaked yellow underparts. The head has a blue-gray crown, yellow throat. Wings are dark with two white bars. Tail is dark with white patches and undertail coverts. Bill, legs and feet are black.
Greater Pewee
Greater Pewee: Large, plump flycatcher, olive-gray upperparts, white throat, gray breast, pale yellow belly. Slender crest. Broad, flat bill is two-toned: upper mandible is dark, lower is orange. Wings and tail are dark. Short flights on rapid shallow wing beats. Sallies out to take insects in air.
Gray Flycatcher
Gray Flycatcher: Small flycatcher with gray or olive-gray upperparts and pale gray underparts. Eye-ring is white. Upper mandible is dark gray, while lower mandible is pale pink with black tip. Wings are dark with two white bars. The tail is long, dark, and has white edges. Legs and feet are black.
Nashville Warbler
Nashville Warbler: Small warbler, olive-green upperparts, yellow underparts, white lower belly. Small chestnut-brown cap, barely noticeable. Gray hood extends to back, eye-ring is white. Two breeding populations, a mid to northeastern one that doesn't wag its tail, and a Pacific Coast one that does.
Yellow-breasted Chat
Yellow-breasted Chat: The largest North American warbler. Has olive-green to olive-gray upperparts, brilliant yellow throat, breast. Belly and undertail are white. Eyes have white spectacles and dark eye patches. Bill is heavy and dark. Wings and tail are olive-green. Bill, legs, and feet are black.
Yellow Warbler
Yellow Warbler: Small warbler with olive-yellow upperparts and bright yellow underparts with rust-brown streaks on breast, sides. Wings are dark. Tail is dark with yellow-tinged edges. Female lacks streaks on breast. The Golden group has an olive-brown crown and is found in the Florida Keys and West Indies. The Mangrove group has a rufous hood and is found in Central America and northern South America. Has a wider range than any other North American warbler. Eats insects, larvae, and some fruit.
Mourning Warbler
Mourning Warbler: Medium-sized warbler with an olive-green back, wings, tail, and gray hood. The underparts are yellow and the upper breast is black. It's named for the way its dark breast and hood resemble a person in mourning. It is one of the latest spring migrants of all North American warblers.
Prothonotary Warbler
Prothonotary Warbler: Medium-sized warbler with olive-green back and blue-gray wings and tail. Head, neck, and underparts are vibrant yellow and the undertail coverts are white. Bill, legs and feet are black. The only eastern warbler that nests in tree hollows. Once called the Golden Swamp Warbler.
Tennessee Warbler
Tennessee Warbler: Small warbler with olive-green upperparts, white underparts, and olive-gray washed sides. Darker head has white eyebrows and dark eyestripes. Wings are plain gray. Tail is short. It spends the summers in Canada and is only found in Tennessee during migration. Eats mostly insects.
Yellow-throated Warbler
Yellow-throated Warbler: Medium warbler with gray upperparts, yellow throat, chin, and upper breast, white underparts with black spots on sides. Head has black face patch, white eyebrows. Wings are dark with two white bars. Tail is gray with white spots near corners. Bill, legs, and feet are black.
Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher
Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher: Large flycatcher with boldly streaked olive-brown upperparts and pale yellow underparts with dark brown streaks. Eyestripes are thick and black with white borders. The wings are dark and edged with white. Tail is rust-brown. Slow fluttering flight with shallow wing beats.
American Redstart
American Redstart: Medium, active warbler with black upperparts and hood, distinctive orange-red patches on wings, sides, and long, fanned tail, and white underparts. Bill, legs, and feet are black. Female has gray head and gray-olive upperparts and white underparts with yellow on flanks and tail. It frequently flashes its colorful wings and tail to flush insects from foliage.
American Dipper
American Dipper: Small, wren-like bird, dark gray with short, cocked tail, white eyelids that flash when blinked. Straight black bill. Wades, swims and dives for food. Feeds on aquatic insects, larvae, clams, snails, crustaceans, and small fish. Strong direct flight on rapid wing beats.
Orchard Oriole
Orchard Oriole: Small oriole, black head, back, tail, and chestnut-orange shoulder patches, underparts, rump. Wings are black with single broad white bar; flight feathers have white edges. Feeds on insects, fruits, berries, nectar and flowers. Swift direct flight on rapid wing beats.
Gray Catbird
Gray Catbird: Small, shy, dark gray mockingbird with black cap and red-brown undertail coverts. The bill, legs, and feet are black. Forages on ground, shrubs and branches. Feeds mostly on insects and their larvae, spiders, berries and fruits. Swift direct flight on rapid wing beats.
Rusty Blackbird
Rusty Blackbird: Medium blackbird, black overall with a dull, blue-green sheen, yellow eyes. Forages on ground of wet woodlands and fields, wades in marshes or small pools of water. Feeds on insects, caterpillars, snails, crustaceans, small fish, salamanders, fruits, grains and seeds.
Tricolored Blackbird
Tricolored Blackbird: Medium-sized blackbird that is mostly black with a glossy blue tint overall. Shoulder patches are bright red and bordered with white. Lives in flocks year round.Feeds on insects, spiders, caterpillars, and seeds from weeds and grains. Strong direct flight on rapid wing beats.
Le Conte's Thrasher
Le Conte's Thrasher: Medium thrasher with plain gray or gray-brown body with paler throat and rufous undertail feathers. Eyes are dark. Bill is long, decurved, and black. Tail is long and dark. Legs and feet are black. Feeds on insects and their larvae, spiders, fruits and berries.
Kirtland's Warbler
Kirtland's Warbler: Rare, medium-sized warbler with black-streaked gray upperparts and yellow underparts with black streaks on sides. The face is black with a broken white eye-ring. Legs, feet, and bill are black. It is a ground nester, prefers Jack Pine stands over 80 acres in size.
Red-eyed Vireo
Red-eyed Vireo: Medium vireo with olive-brown upperparts and white underparts. Head has a gray cap, white eyebrow, black eyestripe, and red eyes. Blue-gray legs and feet. Alternates short glides with series of rapid wingbeats. May hover briefly to pick berries or insects from foliage.
White-eyed Vireo
White-eyed Vireo: Medium-sized, secretive vireo with olive-green upperparts, and white underparts with yellow sides and flanks. Spectacles are pale yellow and iris is white. Wings are dark with two white bars. Legs and feet are gray. Flight is fast and direct on short, rounded wings.
Scott's Oriole
Scott's Oriole: Medium-sized oriole with black hood extending onto breast and back. Belly and rump are bright yellow. The wings are black with yellow shoulder patches and two white bars. Tail is yellow with thick black tip and central line. Strong direct flight with rapid wing beats.
Hooded Oriole
Hooded Oriole: Medium oriole with bright orange-yellow head and nape, and black back, face, throat, and upper breast. Bill is slightly decurved. Black wings have two white bars. Tail is black. Forages in trees and bushes. Eats insects, caterpillars, and nectar. Strong direct flight.
Bobolink: Small, lark-like blackbird, all-black except for buff nape, white rump, and white wing patches. Tertials and wing coverts are lined with buff. Tail feathers are sharply pointed. Legs and feet are gray. Eats caterpillars, insects, seeds and grains. Strong undulating flight.
Baltimore Oriole
Baltimore Oriole: Small oriole, mostly bright orange with black hood and back. Wings are black with orange shoulder patches and strongly white-edged feathers that appear as bars. Black base, center form T-shaped mark on orange tail. Strong swift and direct flight on rapid wing beats.
Nelson's Sparrow
Nelson's Sparrow: Small sparrow with brown streaked upperparts. Breast and sides are pale brown with pale streaks; throat, belly, and undertail coverts are white. Head has gray-brown crown and nape, orange-brown face, and gray cheeks. Tail is short and pointed. Pink-gray legs and feet.
Hawaiian Crow
Hawaiian Crow: This medium-sized crow has a brown-black body and brown-tinged wings. The eyes are brown and the bill is large and stout. It feeds on insects, fruit, carrion, eggs, the young of other birds and small animals. It has a direct flight on steady wing beats. The sexes are similar. It is believed to be extinct in the wild. AKA Alala to the native Hawaiians.
Yellow-headed Blackbird
Yellow-headed Blackbird: Medium-sized blackbird with black body, bright yellow hood and breast, and distinct white wing patches. Bill, legs and feet are black. Forages in low vegetation and on the ground. Feeds on insects, larvae, snails, seeds, and grains. Strong direct flight on rapid wing beats.
Laughing Kookaburra
Laughing Kookaburra: Large, noisy kingfisher, dark brown upperparts, brown-washed white underparts. Head and neck are white, and dark brown eye-stripe is conspicuous. Bill is large and two toned with black upper and pale brown lower mandibles. Tail is rufous with broad, black bars. Gray legs, feet.
Boat-tailed Grackle
Boat-tailed Grackle: Large, black bird with a very long, keel-shaped tail. Male is iridescent blue-black with yellow or brown eyes. Black bill is slender and long. Legs and feet are gray. Forages walking on ground and wading in water. Strong direct flight with rapidly beating wings.
Ash-throated Flycatcher
Ash-throated Flycatcher: Medium flycatcher with gray-brown upperparts, pale gray throat and breast, and gray-brown tail with rufous highlights. The pale yellow belly distinguishes this species from other Myiarchus flycatchers. Bill, legs, and feet are black. Strong flight with shallow wing beats.
Northern Shrike
Northern Shrike: Medium shrike with gray upperparts,pale gray underparts. Mask is black with white border, bill is heavy and slightly hooked. Wings are black with white patches. Tail is long, black, and white-edged. Legs and feet are black. Flight is swift and undulating on shallow rapid wing beats.
Grasshopper Sparrow
Grasshopper Sparrow: Medium sparrow with brown-streaked upperparts and white underparts. Face, flanks, and breast are plain buff-brown. Head is flat with central white stripe though dark crown. Upper mandible is gray, while lower mandible is yellow. Pink legs and feet. Named for its insectlike song.
Le Conte's Sparrow
Le Conte's Sparrow: Small sparrow, brown-streaked back, brown-streaked gray nape, pale gray underparts with streaks on sides, pale yellow breast. Head is flat with brown stripes. Face is pale yellow-orange with gray cheeks. Legs, feet are pink-brown.
Lincoln's Sparrow
Lincoln's Sparrow: Medium sparrow, dark-streaked pale brown upperparts, white underparts with dark streaks. Head has brown crown with gray central stripe, and nape, pale eye-ring, and brown streak extending behind eye. Upper mandible is dark, lower mandible is pale orange-brown.
Lucy's Warbler
Lucy's Warbler: Small warbler with pale gray upperparts, rust-brown crown and rump, white underparts. Eye ring is white. Wings are solid gray. Bill, legs and feet are black. It was named for Lucy Hunter Baird, daughter of Spencer F. Baird, ornithologist and secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.
Harris's Sparrow
Harris's Sparrow: Large sparrow with dark-streaked, brown upperparts and white underparts with dark-streaked sides. Head has stark black crown, face, and throat. Gray cheek patch is marked by a thin, black line. Bill is pink. Alternates rapid wing beats with brief periods of wings pulled to sides.
Cerulean Warbler
Cerulean Warbler: The male is sky-blue with faintly streaked upperparts and black-streaked white flanks. A black band separates a white throat and belly. Wings have two bold white bars. The female has unstreaked blue-gray upperparts and a yellow wash on face and breast with pale streaks on flanks, and yellow eyebrows. The immature bird is paler and more olive over all. Prefers to stay high in the crowns of mature deciduous trees, making it difficult to see.
Common Grackle
Common Grackle: Medium-sized blackbird with metallic purple sheen on back, head, neck, and breast. Eyes are bright yellow. Central feathers of long, rounded tail are often lowered to show keeled V-shape. Swift, strong direct flight with rapid wing beats, holds tail folded in a V shape while flying.
Great-tailed Grackle
Great-tailed Grackle: Large blackbird, iridescent black body and purple sheen. Yellow eyes. Long, keeled tail. Walks on ground, wades in water to forage. Eats snails, insects, frogs, shrimp, small fish and birds, eggs and young of other birds, fruits, berries, seeds and grains. Strong direct flight.
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