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Hp Medan Service Center Description and Contact Information
Hp Medan
Hewlett Packard Company is a information technology service provider and Computer hardware product manufacturing company. The company is operating technology production in more than 170 counties in worldwide. HP is a United States based multinational corporation, which was introduced on 1939 by the two electrical engineers Bill Hewlett and Dave Packard. The company is creating technology that is positively impacts consumers, governments and businesses worldwide. HP involved in the technology innovation such as personal computing devices, enterprise servers, related storage devices, as well as a diverse range of printers and other imaging products. HP works for the various areas such as small and medium sized businesses, households, consumers, government, large enterprises, health and education sectors. HP has an Authorised service centers, which is situated in Medan, Indonesia. The Corresponding services of Hp Medan service center are Kredit Hp Medan, Toko Hp Medan, Harga Hp Medan, Grosir Hp Medan, Jual Hp Medan, Nomor Hp Medan and Aksesoris Hp Medan.Jalan Asia, 360F, Medan, Indonesia.
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Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2013, 10(11), 5874-5885; doi:10.3390/ijerph10115874
Urban Ecosystem Health Assessment: Perspectives and Chinese Practice
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 17 September 2013 / Revised: 28 October 2013 / Accepted: 29 October 2013 / Published: 6 November 2013
The concept of ecosystem health is a way to assess the holistic operations and development potential of urban ecosystems. Accelerated by the practical need for integrated ecosystem management, assessment of urban ecosystem health has been greatly developed and extensively applied in urban planning and management. Development is aimed at comprehensively evaluating the performance of urban ecosystems, identifying the limiting factors, and providing suggestions for urban regulation. The time has come for reviewing and establishing an instructional framework for urban ecosystem health assessment to shed light on certain essential issues of urban ecosystem health. Based on literature reviews and series of practice, a holistic framework of urban ecosystem health assessment is proposed. The framework covers the essential elements of urban ecosystem health and integrates three dimensions: theoretical foundation, assessment method, and practical application. Concrete assessment methods are also established, focusing on both external performance and internal metabolic processes. The practice of urban ecosystem health assessment in China is illustrated to briefly demonstrate the application of the established framework and methods. Some prospects are discussed for urban ecosystem health assessment and its application in urban planning and management. View Full-Text
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0).
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Leptin affects eating behavior partly by altering the response of the brain to food-related stimuli. Effects of leptin on brain structure have been observed in the cerebellum, where leptin receptors are most densely expressed, but the function of leptin in the cerebellum remains unclear. We performed a nonrandomized, prospective interventional study of three adults with genetically-mediated leptin deficiency. FMRI was recorded three times each year during years 5 and 6 of leptin replacement treatment. Session one of each year occurred after 10 months of continuous daily replacement, session two after 33–37 days without leptin, and session three 14–23 days after daily replacement was restored. Statistical parametric mapping software (SPM5) was employed to contrast the fMRI blood-oxygenation level-dependent response to images of high-calorie foods versus images of brick walls. Covariate analyses quantified the effects of the duration of leptin replacement and concomitant changes in body mass on the cerebral responses. Longer duration of replacement was associated with more activation by food images in a ventral portion of the posterior lobe of the cerebellum, while simultaneous decreases in body mass were associated with decreased activation in a more dorsal portion of the same lobe. These findings indicate that leptin replacement reversibly alters neural function within the posterior cerebellum, and modulates plasticity-dependent brain physiology in response to food cues. The results suggest an underexplored role for the posterior cerebellum in the regulation of leptin-mediated processes related to food intake.
Two-thirds of the adult population of the United States is overweight or obese [1, 2]. As this epidemic had been recognized since the 1980s, the discovery, over a decade ago, of the adipocyte-synthesized, satiety hormone leptin and its ability to modulate body weight in mice generated great interest [3]. We have shown that daily leptin replacement to three obese adults who were congenitally leptin-deficient, due to a rare mutation in the obese(ob) gene [4], normalized endocrine function and eating behavior [5]. While body weight decreased during the initial 18 months of leptin replacement, grey matter (GM) concentration increased in the cerebellum, anterior cingulate gyrus, and the inferior parietal lobule [6]. This observation suggested that effects of leptin on behavior may be mediated, in part, by plastic structure-function brain remodeling.
Later, leptin supplementation to the same adults was withheld for several weeks each year in 2005, 2006 and 2007 (years 4, 5 and 6, respectively, after the initiation of treatment). In years 5 and 6, the BOLD (Blood-Oxygen-Level Dependent) whole-brain fMRI response to visual food-related stimuli was assessed. In year 5, we showed that withholding leptin altered brain response to images of high-calorie foods, and increased both hunger ratings elicited by these images, and the patients' body mass index (BMI) [7]. Most recently, we reported that the local GM increases documented during the initial 18 months of leptin replacement [6] were partially or completely reversed during the periods when leptin was withheld [8]. The structural effects in brain were associated both with the duration of leptin replacement and with the changes in BMI.
The analysis presented here was done to determine whether the functional response to food-related cues in the brain was reversible, and if it showed plastic changes at the same locations in which structural brain scans revealed changes in tissue composition. The effects of leptin on BOLD signal might, to some extent, reflect structural alterations. Therefore, the fMRI results from year 5 and previously unreported fMRI results from year 6 were combined to assess the effects of duration of leptin replacement and BMI on the cerebral response to food-related cues, and to explore how these effects might be related to the structural effects of leptin in these patients [6, 8].
The cerebellum was of particular interest for several reasons. Structural effects of initial leptin administration in these patients both after six and eighteen months [6], and their reversal by withholding leptin supplementation [8] achieved the largest t-values in the cerebellum. In our initial study of cerebral response to high-calorie food cues in these patients, most voxels where leptin was associated with activation were also in the cerebellum [7]. Although the cerebellum has been primarily associated with motor functions, and the pro-satiety effects of leptin are thought to be primarily hypothalamic, leptin receptors in the brain, particularly the OB-Rb long form of the receptor which is widely considered to be the signaling-competent isoform [9], are most densely expressed in the cerebellum. Moreover, leptin exerts potent neuritogenic and anti-apoptotic effects on specific cerebellar neuronal populations [10], and a recent reconceptualization has implicated cerebellar function in both cognitive and emotional processing [11–13].
Three leptin-deficient adult patients participated in this study, which was approved by the Food and Drug Administration and by the UCLA Institutional Review Board. Informed, written consent was given by all subjects. Initial leptin doses in 2001 were 0.02 to 0.04 mg/kg once a day at 6:00 pm, designed to achieve a normal leptin concentration based on a body fat of 30% in females and 20% in males. The doses were later decreased as the patients lost weight, in order to avoid excessively rapid weight loss. Then each of the patients was maintained on the same dose for the duration of the study (patient A: 30-yr-old male = 0.15 mg/day; patient B: 39-yr-old female = 0.2 mg/day; patient C: 44-yr-old female = 2.5 mg/day). Higher doses in patient C were required to normalize metabolic and endocrine parameters because she suffers from common obesity, and therefore has some degree of leptin resistance [14].
The clinical response to the initial leptin replacement has been described extensively [4, 5, 15–22]. In brief, leptin replacement led to resolution of hyperphagia and to massive weight loss [23]. The mean BMI (± sd) decreased from 51.2 ± 2.5 kg/m2 at baseline to 36.5 ± 2.3 kg/m2 after 6 months; BMI was 28.9 ± 3.2 kg/m2 after 12 months of treatment and 26.9 ± 2.1 kg/m2 after 18 months of treatment. The weight losses of patients A, B, and C after 18 months of treatment were 76.2, 47.5, and 60.0 kg, respectively, corresponding to 53.8%, 43.5%, and 44.5% of their pre-treatment body weights, respectively. After the initial loss, weight stabilized. With weight loss, Patient C, who was diabetic, became normoglycemic. Important metabolic changes, such as decreases in serum free fatty acids, triglycerides, total cholesterol, insulin and insulin resistance, were also observed. The patients had hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, but became eugonadal after treatment. The circadian rhythms of cortisol and TSH also normalized [23].
Participants came to UCLA three times in 2006 (year 5) and in 2007 (year 6) for assessment of the cerebral response to high-quality, color photographs in three categories: high-calorie foods (e.g., cheeseburgers, pizza), low-calorie foods (e.g., salad, strawberries), and brick walls (control). Three stimulus sets were prepared, containing eight photographs in each category. T2*-weighted, gradient-recalled, echoplanar images with blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) contrast (repetition time, 1500 ms; echo time, 30; flip angle, 70; 26 4-mm axial slices covering the entire brain with 1-mm inter-slice intervals; matrix, 64 × 64; 3.12 mm2 in-plane resolution) were collected on a 3-T MRI scanner (Siemens Allegra).
During each MRI session, a set of 240 images of each axial slice were collected during two or three 6-min runs, comprised of twelve 30-sec trials (four per stimulus category). In each trial, participants were presented with two sequentially appearing images of the same category (9 sec each) followed by a visual prompt (12 sec). At the prompt, they were to indicate how hungry the images made them feel by pressing a button from 1 to 7 times (1 press = "Not at all"; 7 presses = "very hungry"). The first assessment in each year (LEPTIN+ condition) was scheduled after > 10 months of uninterrupted daily leptin replacement; the second (LEPTIN) after slightly over a month without leptin (32 days in year 5, 37 days in year 6); and the third (LEPTIN brief) 14–23 days after daily leptin supplements were restored (14 days in year 5, 18 – 23 days in year 6). Two sets of stimuli (12 min total duration) were presented during each fMRI session in year 5, and all three sets of stimuli (18 min total duration) were presented in each fMRI session in year 6. On a separate day, but within 72 h of each session, T1-weighted MPRAGE structural MRI images of the whole brain were acquired as previously described [8].
Details of the experimental procedure and preprocessing of the functional images have been published [7]. Briefly, all functional images were aligned to the first functional image, spatially normalized to the atlas space developed at the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI space), spatially smoothed with a 6-mm full-width half-maximal Gaussian filter, and temporally high-pass filtered at 128-sec with six individual movement parameters applied as covariates of no interest. Table 1 presents the number of days of ongoing leptin replacement and the BMI of each patient at the time of each fMRI session.
The data were analyzed with a statistical parametric mapping software package (SPM version 5 - http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm/software/spm5/). This package computes statistical parametric maps (SPMs) including t-test results for contiguous "clusters" of voxels which pass the threshold alpha level for a given contrast. The threshold alpha level in this study was p < 0.001 (without correction for multiple comparisons in whole brain) for the effects of leptin and BMI on the contrast between conditions (food-related stimuli vs. brick walls). Statistical results calculated by SPM5 include probabilities at the level of the set (i.e., the probability of finding a given number of clusters in a given search volume), cluster (i.e., the probability associated with the spatial extent [size] of each cluster), and voxel (i.e., the probability associated with the magnitude of the assessed effect at each voxel).
For each subject, a fixed-effect first-level analysis of all 15 6-min blocks of image data (2 runs x 3 sessions in year 5, 3 runs x 3 sessions in year 6) employed the general lineal model. Time-courses were constructed for four conditions (high-calorie foods, low-calorie foods, brick walls and the rating period) by convolving each block with the canonical hemodynamic response function. For each of the three sessions in each of the two years (six images per subject), we generated separate atlas-normalized contrast images (2-mm isotropic voxels) reflecting BOLD response to images of high-calorie foods, minus the response to images of brick walls.
These 18 brain images were then entered into a 2nd-level analysis using a flexible factorial design modeling subject and two covariates; the duration of leptin treatment and BMI of the participant at the time of each scanning session. We recently employed a similar design to assess structural effects of leptin in the same patients, with that analysis also including data collected in year 4 [8].
Our evidential criterion for the analysis was spatial extent with p < 0.05 after multiple-comparisons correction for the whole-brain search volume. We also conducted a region-of-interest analysis to determine if leptin affected the neural response to food-related cues in the same three locations where initial leptin replacement increased gray matter [6]. For this analysis, the evidential criterion was spatial extent with p < 0.05 for the cluster which contained the suprathreshold voxel closest to the location of the a priori hypothesized effect. This is a standard test in the SPM package, which can be accessed at any hypothesized location within a statistical parametric t-map. To constitute evidence, we also required the closest cluster to be within the anatomic structure of interest – the cerebellum, anterior cingulate gyrus or inferior parietal lobule. Finally, a Bonferroni multiple-comparison correction (0.05/3 = 0.017) was applied to the test of the superordinate hypothesis that withholding leptin altered functional activity in the same three structures where the initial replacement increased GM.
In order to explore the relative contributions of direct effects of leptin and secondary effects mediated by changes in body mass and fat content, our analysis modeled the covariation of the BOLD response on the day of each scan with two indices: the BMI, which is a direct function of body mass and height, and the number of contiguous days of leptin replacement. A value of 300 days was used for the first scan each year, when leptin replacement had been ongoing for at least 10 months. Negative numbers quantified the number of days since leptin had been stopped at the second scan of each year, and positive numbers quantified the number of days since replacement was restarted at the third scan of each year.
The fMRI analysis for year 5 in our previously published study [7] contrasted the response elicited by pictures of high-calorie foods with those elicited by pictures of low-calorie foods, and showed effects of leptin in several structures, including those where GM changes had been observed (i.e., the cerebellum, frontomedial cortex and parietal lobe). Here, we combine fMRI data from years 5 and 6, and contrast the response elicited by pictures of high-calorie foods with that elicited by pictures of brick walls. We reasoned that this contrast should be more sensitive to effects of leptin than comparing two categories of foods because leptin deficiency may cause all food-related stimuli to activate brain networks associated with hunger, creating a ceiling effect when comparing two types of food-related pictures. Although contrasting pictures of food with brick walls is not as well-controlled for the physical characteristics of the images, there is good reason to expect leptin replacement to change responses related to hunger but not reactions to physical characteristics of pictures. In addition, differences between the physical characteristics of the pictures of food and brick walls remained constant at the different periods of leptin replacement, but hunger did not.
Withholding leptin replacement resulted in increased weight and BMI at the second functional scan of each year, as compared to the first scan (see Table 1). The average increase in weight per day without leptin was 0.20 kg for patient A, 0.12 kg for patient B, and 0.17 kg for patient C. During the period of brief replacement between scans 2 and 3, there were trivial and inconsistent changes in weight. Patients A and B lost all the weight gained while leptin was withheld in year 5 during the >10 months of leptin replacement before the first scan in year 6 (see Table 1). Patient C, who suffers from common obesity and leptin resistance, lost only 3% of the weight gained in year 5 before the first scan in year 6, and gained more weight when leptin was withheld in year 6 than in year 5.
We performed a t-test against a mean of zero for the contrast images (high-calorie food - brick wall) across all sessions and subjects, to assure that the food-related stimuli were salient and the scanning paradigm valid for the population studied. Using thresholds of p < 0.001 with >10 contiguous voxels, there were significant and extensive bilateral activations within cerebellum, occipital cortex, inferior frontal gyrus, insula, thalamus, striatum, midbrain, hippocampus and amygdala (Figure 1).
Whole-brain analysis indicated no areas where the BOLD response to pictures of high-calorie foods was inversely related to the number of days of contiguous leptin replacement. BOLD response was, however, directly related to the number of days of contiguous leptin replacement in several locations within the cerebellum (Table 2, top; Figure 2, middle column).
The cluster closest to the cerebellar location where initial leptin replacement increased gray matter concentration [6] included 121 voxels (spatial extent p < 0.002 for a hypothesized effect, Table 2). The clusters closest to the expected anterior cingulate and parietal lobe locations [6] were not significant.
Whole-brain analysis indicated no areas where BOLD signal was inversely related to BMI. BOLD signal was, however, directly related to BMI within the cerebellum and parietal lobe (Table 2, bottom; Figure 2, left column). The clusters closest to the three locations where initial leptin replacement increased gray matter concentration [6] were not significant for spatial extent.
In previous fMRI studies, visual food-related stimuli, as compared to non-food stimuli, reliably elicited activation within occipital, insular, and frontal cortices, the striatum, and the amygdala [24–30]. Here, images of desirable foods, as compared to brick walls, elicited bilateral activation in all of these regions and in the following subcortical regions activated in some, but not all prior studies: thalamus, midbrain, hippocampus and posterior cerebellum. Although a few previous studies reported cerebellar activation [25, 27], activation in occipital cortex was consistently reported. Some occipital clusters may have extended into neighboring posterior cerebellum, as seen here, and also in all four patient groups of a recent report which made no mention of the cerebellum (compare our Figure 1 to Figure 1 of [29]). These observations suggest that cerebellar activation by food-related visual stimuli may be underreported.
Visual food-related stimuli activate more of the brain when participants, especially women [31], are hungry than when then are satiated [32, 33]. As images of high-calorie foods elicited more hunger after leptin replacement was withheld than when replacement was ongoing in year 5 of this study [7], we expected the images of food to produce a greater distribution of brain activation when replacement was withheld. When assessing the effects of leptin on brain activation by food pictures that same year, however, about six times as many voxels exhibited greater activation during leptin replacement, when hunger was low, as compared to when replacement was withheld and hunger was high (1288 voxels in Table 4 vs. 219 voxels in Table 3 of [7]). Moreover, 51% of the voxels that were more activated during leptin replacement, including those with the largest effects, were in the cerebellum, where regional cerebral blood flow, a measure of neural activation, is attenuated during satiety in normal-weight men [34], and in both lean and obese women [35].
Our recent finding that withholding leptin reversibly decreased GM concentration in several brain regions of these patients, particularly in the cerebellum [8], offered a possible explanation. BOLD signal may be lower after withholding leptin in an area with less GM signal, possibly indicating reduced neuronal density or size. In addition, the weight and the body fat of the patients increased when leptin was withheld [7], and both obesity and body fat content have been associated with GM deficits in cross-sectional studies [36–39]. Because the contribution of leptin to these associations remains unclear, we previously evaluated effects of withholding leptin on brain structure [8] by employing the two-covariate design (duration of leptin replacement and BMI) used in the present study. Withholding leptin replacement reversed the increases in GM concentration observed within the cerebellum and anterior cingulate gyrus during the first 18 months of leptin replacement. GM changes in the anterior cingulate gyrus were best explained by the changes in BMI, whereas changes in the cerebellum were best explained by the duration of leptin replacement.
In the study reported here, duration of leptin replacement showed direct covariation with brain activation elicited by food-related images in the posterior inferior cerebellar hemispheres, most prominently at GM/white-matter boundaries in lobules IX and VIIIB (Table 2, top; Figure 2, middle panel). Post hoc analyses revealed a significant effect (p < 0.001) in 5.0 % of the voxels in lobule IX bilaterally, and 4.0 % of the voxels of lobule VIIIB. This effect overlapped with the area where we have shown covariation between duration of leptin replacement and GM structure [8]. At the voxel where the structural covariation was strongest (−29, −57, −42), duration of leptin replacement was also correlated with the BOLD response to food-related cues in the present investigation (t =3.52, p < 0.002). This observation supports the idea that reduction in GM structural signal when leptin is withheld may contribute to reduced local activation by food-related stimuli.
In contrast, brain activity elicited by food-related images was associated with higher BMI in a superior part of the posterior cerebellar hemispheres, in lobules VI and Crus1, with clear L > R asymmetry, and in the precuneus of the posterior parietal lobe. Structural changes were not associated with either BMI or duration of leptin replacement in these areas [8]. Post hoc analyses indicated a significant effect (p < 0.001) in 10.1% of lobule VI bilaterally (17.6 % in the left cerebellar hemisphere) and 6.8% of Crus I bilaterally (11.0 % in the left cerebellar hemisphere). The corresponding association with duration of leptin replacement involved only 3.7 % of lobule VI bilaterally and 2.4 % of Crus I. Because cerebro-cerebellar connections are primarily contralateral, most language and motor tasks produce R>L activation. However, L>R activation in lobules VI and Crus1 associated with emotional processing and executive tasks has been reported [11]. The precuneus has been linked with visual processing, anticipation, and imagery. We interpret the greater activity associated with BMI as representing an increased emotional response to food-related stimuli when leptin-deficiency increases hunger and body fat.
Cerebellar function has been implicated in the fine-tuning of sensorimotor processing, but an emerging reconceptualization implicates the posterior lobe of the cerebellum, where the current findings are localized, in higher-level cognitive and emotional tasks [11–13]. The cerebellum has also been shown to detect blood-borne nutritional signals directly, and to be activated during anticipation of food [40]. In six diet-regulated obese inpatients assessed before and after stabilization at a 10% reduced body weight, dieting was associated with increased fMRI-measured activation by visual food stimuli in the dorsal posterior lobe of the cerebellum, and leptin administration reversed the increase [41]. Since leptin also reversed the increased hunger associated with the weight-reduced state [41], the effect was consistent with the cerebellar activation associated with BMI that we observe and attribute to increased hunger when leptin was withheld [7]. While administration of leptin for five weeks to the weight-reduced inpatients, as compared to administration of placebo, decreased activation in dorsal posterior cerebellum, it also increased activation in nearby voxels [41]. The increases may have been mediated by leptin-associated increases in GM structure like those we have reported [8], since leptin was administered in doses designed to reverse the relative hypoleptinemia induced by weight reduction [41].
Although leptin also increased activation in extracerebellar structures of the inpatients, the participants were not leptin-deficient [41] although they may have been leptin-resistant. In addition, very different statistical thresholds were employed as compared to our study. In the final across-subjects analysis, a voxel threshold of p < 0.05 and a spatial extent threshold of 5 or more contiguous voxels were used [41]. We employed more conservative thresholds; voxel p < 0.001 with spatial extent p < 0.05 after multiple-comparisons correction for whole-brain search volume (>115 voxels). The z-scores for effects of leptin replacement corresponding to the T-scores in our Table 2 range from 3.83 to 4.57, as compared to scores ranging from 1.69 to 3.30 in Table 3 of the earlier study [41]. In our study, BOLD response was also directly related to the number of days of leptin replacement with peak Z-scores > 3 in most of the extracerebellar structures where leptin increased activation in the earlier study [41], but these effects did not survive multiple-comparison correction for whole-brain volume, and therefore cannot be interpreted as evidence without an a priori hypothesized effect location.
Although it has been argued that the high levels of OB-Rb leptin receptors in the human cerebellum may indicate a function unrelated to body weight homeostasis [42], our findings, together with the other studies discussed above, suggest that both structural and functional effects of leptin on cerebellar plasticity may in fact be part of the mechanism by which leptin alters food consumption. They also underscore the importance of considering structural effects when interpreting functional brain response.
Extrahypothalamic effects of leptin are consistent with neurochemical actions, including activation of synaptic NR2A-containing N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in multiple brain areas where leptin regulates synaptic morphology [43–45].The MAPK/ERK [46], phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) [47] and nuclear factor kappa-B transcription factor (NF-kB) pathways [48] have been shown to contribute to pro-survival responses that make leptin a potent neurogenic factor in hippocampal [49, 50] and cortical neurons [51]. Through activation of a Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (JAK/STAT3) / PI3K / Protein Kinase B (PKB) -signaling cascade, leptin protects hippocampal neurons from apoptosis induced by removal of trophic support and excitotoxic and oxidative insults [52]. In the cerebellum specifically, leptin promotes survival of Purkinje cells [10], and facilitates NMDA receptor-mediated calcium influx in granule cells [53], to activate the JAK2/STAT3 pathway and to reduce PKB activation [54]. At a systems level, effects of leptin on NMDA receptors could have extensive functional influence because of the wide distribution of these receptors in brain and their role in excitatory synaptic transmission.
Limitations of the current study include the rarity of congenital leptin deficiency, and the fact that common obesity is often accompanied by leptin resistance, as it was for our patient C. This patient required 13–17 times as much leptin daily as the others to achieve comparable weight loss, and has been less able than the others to maintain a stable BMI (see Table 1). The fact that this individual showed changes in brain response to food cues, despite relative hypothalamic leptin resistance, can be explained by the higher dosing and tissue-specificity of leptin resistance. In diet-induced, obese hyperleptinemic mice, the arcuate nucleus is the major site of leptin resistance, whereas other hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic sites remain leptin-responsive [55]. Since the first-level individual results for effects of leptin on brain function were similar in all three patients, patient C may be relatively more leptin-resistant at the level of the arcuate nucleus, but more leptin-responsive in extrahypothalamic regions such as the cerebellum.
Although the interaction of functional and structural effects of withholding leptin would be best quantified via a combined multimodal analysis, the small sample size precluded this type of analysis with currently available statistical tools [56, 57]. A strength of this study is that it evaluated the consequences of the complete absence of leptin, and of its replacement, both in the short- and long-term, in a human model.
In conclusion, this study demonstrates two opposite and reversible effects of leptin replacement on cerebellar response to food cues in leptin-deficient adults. Leptin supplementation decreases hunger and BMI [7]. In this study, the BMI decreases were associated with decreases in activity within lobules VI and Crus1 of the posterior cerebellar hemispheres after presentation of food-related stimuli (Table 2). We tentatively interpret this effect as due to decreased motivational salience of the stimuli when participants are not as hungry. At the same time, a longer as compared to a shorter duration of ongoing leptin supplementation was associated with more activation ventrally in cerebellar lobules IX, VIIIB and VI. This may be a consequence of the reversible increase in GM structure at these locations which we have shown to be produced by leptin in these patients [8].
More generally, these findings contribute to emerging evidence for plasticity of brain structure-function relationships over a few weeks [58] or even hours [59], and suggest that leptin may have therapeutic value in modulating plasticity-dependent brain functions. The results reported here also highlight the possibility of a hitherto underexplored but critical role for the cerebellum in the regulation of leptin-mediated cognitive processes related to food intake.
During the course of this study Amgen, Inc graciously provided leptin. Amylin, Inc. now provides leptin to these patients. Neither Amgen, Inc., nor Amylin, Inc. contributed to the design, analysis, or writing of this study.
Funding Support: Supported in part by NIH grants K24RR016996, R01DK058851, and U01GM061394 (JL); K24RR017365 and R01DK063240 (M-LW); T32 DA024635 (EDL); and the UCLA GCRC (NIH grant M01RR00865 to G.S. Levy). GPF, M-LW and JL were supported by The Australian National University institutional funds. EDL was supported by endowments from the Thomas P. Pike and Katherine K. Chair in Addiction Studies and the Marjorie M. Greene Family Trust.
Conflict of Interest Statement: The authors do not declare any potential conflicts of interest in this submission.
PubMed Central Canada is a service of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) working in partnership with the National Research Council's national science library in cooperation with the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the U.S. National Library of Medicine(NCBI/NLM). It includes content provided to the PubMed Central International archive by participating publishers. |


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Before I wandered downstairs to my office this morning (well, more like late morning or early afternoon), I had a little bit of an epiphany. About my work, yes.
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World Cup Qualifying results, 09/10/2016 : Sunday 09/10/2016 : WCQ Wales 1-1 Georgia WCQ Moldova 1-3 Ireland (ROI)
11/10/2016 : Streams for the WCQ matches on SKY. KO 19:45 hours : Feed2All - Slovakia v Scotland KO 19:45 hours : Feed2All - Germany v Northern Ireland WCQ Slovenia v England is on ITV, but just in case. KO 19:45 hours : Feed2All - Slovenia v England
World Cup Qualifying and International results, Tuesday 11/10/2016 : WCQ Germany 2-0 Northern Ireland WCQ Slovakia 3-0 Scotland WCQ Slovenia 0-0 England WCQ Australia 1-1 Japan - Jedinak penalty equalised Japan's lead. INT Morocco 4-0 Canada - Stade de Marrakech, Morocco.
International result, Wednesday 12/10/2016 : INT United States of America 1-1 New Zealand - RFK Stadium, Washington DC, USA.
13/10/2016 : Mark Warburton backed Gordon Strachan yesterday; he stated that players need competition in youth tournaments to progress to first team level. This competition happens in England, but not in Scotland. Rangers FC - Video: Manager Presser, 12/10/2016.
01/11/2016 : The corrupt schysters at FIFA are at it again (as in 2011). DM - FIFA bans England and Scotland from wearing poppies in World Cup qualifier claiming gesture is political England and Scotland should ignore FIFA, Wear the Poppy with Pride, tell FIFA to GTF and not pay any fine either.
12/11/2016 : Matches for our Home teams during the Novemberborefest. World Cup Qualifying and International matches, 11 to 15/11/2016. Friday 11/11/2016 : WCQ England 3-0 Scotland WCQ Northern Ireland 4-0 Azerbaijan INT Korea Republic 2-0 Canada Saturday 12/11/2016 : WCQ Austria 0-1 Ireland (ROI) WCQ Wales 1-1 Serbia Sunday 13/11/2016 : WCQ Cyprus 3-1 Gibraltar Tuesday 15/11/2016 : World Cup Asian Qualifying : Thailand 2-2 Australia Mile Jedinak scored twice for Australia but Thailand held on for a point in the World Cup qualifier as the Socceroos had to make do with a third draw in a row. - Guardian INT Northern Ireland 0-3 Croatia INT England 2-2 Spain
20/03/2017 : March 2017 sees another borefest. These are the matches for our Home teams. Wednesday 22nd March International Match Germany 1-0 England Scotland 1-1 Canada Thursday 23rd March FIFA World Cup Asian Qualifying Iraq 1-1 Australia Friday 24th March FIFA World Cup European Qualifying Ireland (ROI) 0-0 Wales Saturday 25th March FIFA World Cup European Qualifying Bosnia and Herzegovina 5-0 Gibraltar Sunday 26th March FIFA World Cup European Qualifying England 2-0 Lithuania Northern Ireland 2-0 Norway Scotland 1-0 Slovenia Tuesday 28th March FIFA World Cup Asian Qualifying Australia 10:00 U.A.E International Match Ireland (ROI) 19:45 Iceland
Sunday 26th March 2017, FIFA World Cup European Qualifying England v Lithuania - ITV, KO 17:00 hours. Northern Ireland v Norway Sky Sports 2 HD Stream link, KO 19:45 hours : Feed2All - Northern Ireland v Norway Scotland v Slovenia Sky Sports 1 HD Stream link, KO 19:45 hours : Feed2All - Scotland v Slovenia


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Julia Roberts and Lyle Lovett
Although she famously left Kiefer Sutherland at the altar and later starred in "The Runaway Bride," country singer Lyle Lovett managed to spend almost two years of wedding bliss with Roberts. They married in June 1993 and separated in March 1995.
© 2017, The Morning Call


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The Writing Machine
By Hump Software
Open iTunes to buy and download apps.
The road to literacy is based on a foundation that starts with the development of very specific concepts related to language, print awareness and recognition. It is well known that developing concepts about print at an early age is invaluable to a child's overall literacy development.
The Writing Machine is designed to start introducing your child to these pre-literacy concepts of print, text, reading and writing. The Writing Machine starts this process by introducing how one picture and one word go together. From this foundation, your child will begin to understand additional pre-literacy concepts including how to read text from left to right and to tell words from letters.
In addition to an upgraded interface, version 3 introduces new options for both access and use.
• Choose ABC or QWERTY keyboard layout.
• Program options include explore and identify levels.
• Scanning access has been added to support persons who use adaptive access.
The entire interface is designed with your child in mind! At the Explore level, tap any key on the virtual keyboard to hear the letter, see a picture of a word that starts with the letter and watch the word being written as the word is spoken aloud. Use the Identify level to work on letter recognition and discrimination. The Writing Machine will ask to find a specific letter, and then visually prompt the correct answer after three attempts. 130 vocabulary words are included!
Developed by a certified speech-language pathologist and assistive technology practitioner.
What's New in Version 3.1
iOS 10 compatible
iPad Screenshots
- $0.99
- Category: Education
- Updated: Sep 27, 2016
- Version: 3.1
- Size: 54.1 MB
- Language: English
- Seller: Celeste Helling
- © 2011 Hump Software
Compatibility: Requires iOS 9.3 or later. Compatible with iPad.


text:
I would caress my love
As I do this rose
Without a word
To interject
The while I spend
Caressing it.
Buffoon am I
Who tried
But always babbles some iambic rune.
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Most of the booths are wonderfully organized--postcards and letters by location, other collectibles by subject matter--which is what sometimes happens when one has too much time on one's hands. Nonetheless, this works to your advantage, for if you came looking for Paris or Marseilles postmarks you can have them in multiples if you want them, and right quickly, too.
Since it was my first experience at this market, I proceeded with caution and purchased only a few things that I really admired. This turned out to be a good strategy, because later in the week I found an entire street of dealers for the same items, just a few blocks from my hotel, and their prices were much friendlier than those at the open air market. Perhaps this was because I was just looking for lovely handwriting samples; the postage stamps on the missives didn't matter so much to me.
Written on thin paper of pale colors, most of these letters have no separate envelope. The message is written on one side, then folded into thirds across the width, ends folded to the center. Next, the short ends are tucked in no more than an inch, creating a self-contained packet. The address information was then written on one side, and a wax seal applied to the back to hold the loose edge in place. The inks are mostly sepia, although a few are black. Every one of them, even those that appear to be simply statements of accounts and notes written in haste, feature handwriting that most of us could not approach after many months of calligraphy lessons.
Most of these are dated from the mid to late 1800's, although a few that I chose were from the 1700's. They have held up remarkably well, and I hope they will have a new reincarnation in a forthcoming series of book related projects that I have in mind to do this summer.


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In stores now with a Princess Resurrection cover
The latest issue of NEO magazine is in stores and available for download now, featuring articles on Princess Resurrection, Princess Jellyfish, and the world of dating sims that led to the weepy Clannad.
You'll also findthe forthcoming Berserk, and a run-down of the best in the chanbara genre. There's also fashion and manga tutorials, a selection of the very best of UK cosplay, music news which includes Golden Bombers' UK album and the latest K-pop dance craze taking the world by storm; Gangnam Style! Available now from all good newsagents, and quite a few bad ones.


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The Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering has concerns about the lack of knowledge amongst school pupils, and their teachers, of the type of work undertaken by an Environmental Engineer. The interactive presentation was developed as part of an awareness raising exercise for aspects of Environmental Engineering. Targeted at ... More
Developed in 1998 by Dr John Whittle (Department of the Built Environment) using Authorware, this package contains brief interactive notes on eight areas of physics in which architects need a working knowledge. However, it is also useful to others in science, engineering and social sciences looking for an introduction to the topics concerned. ... More
Module outline and learning resources for H81SPF Separation Process Fundamentals. The module aims to introduce basic principles and concepts behind basic unit operations used in chemical and environmental processes and applications. The module enables understanding so that students are able to apply separation processes in given applications ... More
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As Kaskaskia College President Jim Underwood conducted his annual community engagement session on Monday, it was the view out the window behind him that most engaged the small gathering of local participants at the Vandalia Education Center.
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Pnmelville.com is a 1 year old domain, situated in United States. The domain is linked to the IP address 18.104.22.168 which is provided by the hosting company Choopa, LLC.
It was registered by Paul Melville , who can be reached at . The site is owned by Not Applicable. Registration details show that it was registered on 08 Jan 2016 through pdr ltd. d/b/a publicdomainregistry.com and will expire on 08 Jan 2017.
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Forty WhiteWave employees hit the road today on their bikes instead of in their cars. Today's Bike to Work Day was a big success and a lot of fun for our WhiteWave events team and thousands of cyclists from the Boulder/Denver area.
WhiteWave hosted a station near our headquarters to help 200 hungry cyclists fuel up on breakfast burritos, granola bars, fruit, coffee, Horizon® Organic milk, and Silk® products.
For those of you who rode to work today – great job getting to the office on two wheels!


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Multicultural art projects expose children to cultural differences in a creative format. Children get a chance to create works of art that represent different cultures. Multicultural craft projects are ideal for both classrooms and homes. Families who value understanding and accepting all cultures can use craft projects to help their children embrace different cultures. Multicultural crafts work well in the classroom to promote unity and complement units on different cultures.
Other People Are Reading
Box of Crayons
A box of crayons is a symbolic craft to represent different cultures. A large crayon box serves as the background for the craft. You'll also need several crayon cutouts. If you have access to a die-cutting machine, you can create uniform crayons for the project. The children decorate the crayons to look like themselves, drawing their faces at the top. This craft works exceptionally well with a group of kids that is culturally diverse. If there isn't a lot of diversity in the group, add extra crayons to represent different cultures. Place the crayons at the top of the crayon box picture.
Multicultural Puppets
Puppets with a multicultural aspect teach kids about respecting differences. Large craft sticks create the base for the puppets. Paint them in a variety of skin colours to represent different cultures. Clothes made from felt are glued to the sticks and facial features are added to the top of the stick. The kids can use the multicultural puppets to create simple puppet shows or to re-enact books that involve characters from different cultures.
Unity Wreath
A unity wreath is symbolic of all cultures uniting. You'll need hand shapes cut from different colours of construction paper to represent different colours. Choose different shades of brown, beige, peach and other colours that could represent skin tones. Layer and glue the hands together in a wreath shape. You can add a white dove in the middle to symbolise peace or a picture of the Earth.
World Instruments
Homemade instruments are a popular option for children's crafts. Focusing on homemade instruments from different countries adds a multicultural twist to the craft project. Bongo drums from Latin American can be made by connecting two cans with lids. Children can create African drums by gluing together two paper cups and covering them with masking tape. Maracas made from yoghurt containers filled with beans incorporate the Mexican culture. The children can create a pretend bagpipe from a paper bag and old paper towel tubes. Musical instruments often play a big role in different cultures, so this craft is also educational.
Multicultural Collage
A collage is a simple way to represent many different cultures in one work of art. Collect a variety of magazines that will allow the children to find pictures of people and artefacts from different cultures. The pictures are cut out and glued to the collage. The children can also add their own drawings to the collages.


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you're a good friend. i'd just throw him in the car and tell him to hang on.
I am actually thinking on a diesel or a 345 for the R130, and hot rodding the '160. My thinking is the '130 is going to be a daily driver, and the '160 will be a play-toy
John L |
The other day I gave a customer a ride home in my Rambler and he had a smile on his face the whole way. When I let him out he thanked me and said I made his day. We have a lot of power to make people happy with these cars. Brian |
Brian |
Finally got my engine and transmission installed and bolted down ,now it starts to look like a truck again. But still no doors.
57 3100 V8 truck
cool project Brian my Bro works on wheel chairs for a living maybe he has seen something that might help . my truck project is moving along good today's progress....the fact there was a new harness , and the melting smoking wire insulation in the cab last night was enough to convince me to yank the old stuff out . so out it came , and in with some new stuff that has the starter and coil ignition wires in it . turned her over enough to see the oil pressure come up .checked spark... yeah !!! so went ahead yanked out the seat , and gas tank . started looking at the new stuff noticed they gave me 6cyl stuff so i need to exchange the fuel pump , fuel line to carb , and the carb kit . i would install new tank and lines up to the pump but its filthy in the cab n i have no shop vac yet .
Looks like everyone is keeping busy. Mike, he probably has something for me to help with my project but what it is who knows. I am telling you, doing something like this is very specialized. I am just making things up as I go.
Tonight I sanded the adhesive (damn that stuff sands hard!) and it's ready for a skim coat of filler. I wasn't going to go this far but now that I am into it I am going to go ahead and prime and paint it. Besides, it being smoother will help him slide on it. I am trying to come up with some kind of grab handle off the windshield frame for him. My first thought was to simply put a carabiner thru the hole that the top clamp hooks to the windshield frame at the corner. With a loop of some sort hanging down for him to grab. But in closer inspection of that piece it just doesn't look strong enough. So I am not thinking of making a piece of metal that is covered in thin dense foam to lay on top of the windshield frame with a tapped hole in it. A pin with a loop would be screwed up thru the hole into it. So that the pressure of the loop being pulled on would be distributed out instead of right on the hole. This is what I am thinking at least. Brian |
Okay, He has that also, for repairing plastic bumper facias. I've never worked with the stuff, but have been around when he has used it. Amazes me how strong it is.
Wow , That steering shaft sure looks tight against the rocker cover. Or is it not as close as it looks ?
1957 3100 truck
WHOOHOO!! i put some gas down the barrell and cranked filled up the glass filter bowl leaked so i bypassed it . ive got a small 1 gallon gas can to pull from using the old pump she runs ! the longer she ran the better smoke wasnt too bad for 22 years of sitting . smooth too maybe a little exhaust leak on passenger side revved up nice sounds great no knocking probly a good thing the seat is out or i would have tried to drive it no lites , brakes , and a gas can on the step
Teeny-weeny disease-el
Finally got some time to get back at 'er. Lil guy purrs like a kitten now - well OK - its a disease-el - they don't EVER purr like a gas engine does - but it now runs on all cylinders, pulls the power it is supposed to, and has NO blow-by at all! Now it needs to burn its exhaust clean and stop blowing chunks of solid carbon out the stack from all that crap that been building up when it had a dead cylinder!
Exhaust temps are pretty close to even across all three cylinders - I'm happy with it! |
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"Highly Recommended. Each episode provides an interesting, engaging history lesson packaged in a kid-friendly format. Viewers can discuss what we can learn from history. What lessons have historical events taught us? How have things we take for granted today evolved over the centuries? Viewers can have fun looking Click for more
Alex (Stephen Joffe) had a dream about flying and the Timeblazers, Jen (Heidi Leigh) and Sam (Mike Ackerman), explain that people have been dreaming about flying for thousands of years. First they go back to ancient Greece, around 1600 BC, and explain the myth of Icarus and Daedelus, who used feathers and wax to make wings for he and his son to escape from a labyrinth. Then they learn that the Chinese were the first to discover and utilize kites, probably for military purposes. Next, during the Renaissance, they discover that Leonardo da Vinci was fascinated by flight and drew tons of sketches of flying machines, the most famous being his Ornithopter. Then to the 1870s to meet up with the Wright brothers, Wilbur and Orville, who moved to Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, to test their own flying machine designs, first as kites, then as gliders, until eventually they found the right design, and on December 17th, 1903, Orville Wright flew the very first airplane, which led future engineers to invent the planes and jets we know of today. 05/10DE IJ 30 min.
Arts: Architecture
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From all the saints at St. Michael's, sinners saved by grace through faith in Christ Jesus, welcome to a biblical, liturgical and traditional body of believers who worship Almighty God in Spirit and in Truth. We extend to you a warm invitation to join in our fellowship as we love God and love one another.
Join us on Sundays at 8 a.m. (said service) and 10:10 a.m. (sung service) for worship. Evening Prayer services are held Wednesdays at 7 p.m.
St. Michael's Anglican Church commemorates the 500th anniversary of the Reformation with a detailed study of that vital period in church history. The study considers the events of the Middle Ages that precipitated the reform movement, the lives of Martin Luther and John Calvin, the Reformation both on the European Continent and in Great Britain and the effects that continue to shape church and culture today. The Rev. Edward W. Fowler, M. Div., teaches the study on Wednesdays at 7 p.m
8837 S Garnett Rd, Broken Arrow, OK 74012
Mailing: P O Box 2888, Broken Arrow, OK 74013
Phone: 918.252.1211
For more information, contact Rev. Edward W. Fowler at 918.281.5451.
St. Michael's is a congregation of the Reformed Episcopal Church, formed in 1873 to maintain the Reformed character of Anglicanism in the United States. After the Holy Bible, the REC is grounded in the creeds of the historic church, the Articles of Religion and the Book of Common Prayer.


text:
Charles June 4, 1906 April 21, 1960
Geneva July 8, 1912 Aug.25, 2006
"Parents of Betty Jane and Marjorie Jean"
Contributed on 9/3/08 by bur122
Email This Contributor
Record #: 51905
On this site you can upload gravestone photos, locate ancestors and perform genealogy research. If you have a relative buried in Arkansas, we encourage you to upload a digital image using our Submit a Photo page. Contributing to this geneology archive helps family historians and genealogy researchers locate their relatives and complete their family tree.
Submitted: 9/3/08 • Approved: 9/3/08 • Last Updated: 7/26/12 • R51905-G51904-S3


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MCR Logitech is a key IT firm in Indore. We deal in various services related to Information Technology Field. A brief description of the services provided by MCR Logitech is given below:
1) Web design
2) App Development
4) Graphic Design
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In the field of web design we cater to the needs of the websites for all domains. We provide fully interactive websites related to different fields like finance, education, medical and sports fields. We use the latest technologies including PHP, Java Script, Word Press and other high level programming languages.
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For SEO we provide on page and off page optimization using white hat techniques. We offer link building services and PPC campaigns for our clients.
In graphic design field we provide best art at nominal rates. We use latest software for the graphic design in our company.
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You can contact us for any of the above needs and we assure you best of experience with us.
Read More@ http://www.mcrlogitech.com/
Owner Name: Mcr Logi Tech
Email: email@example.com »
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Address: EC 14 scheme No 94 Ring Road Indore India
MCR LOGITECH (A leading IT Firm based in Indore)
Post# A500692
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Showing 1-20 | Previous | Next |
Countdown: 28 days to go
Mar 8, 2017: Leading up to the tenth IPL, a look at the ten most successful batting pairs in the tournament's history
Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy, inter-zonals 2016-17
Dhawan, Gambhir guide North Zone home
Feb 12, 2017: A round-up of the Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy inter-zonal matches on February 12, 2017
Inter-State T20 tournament 2016-17, North Zone
Dhawan 82* steers Delhi to breezy win
Feb 2, 2017: A round up of the North Zone matches from the Inter State T20 Tournament played on February 2, 2017
Inter-State T20 tournament 2016-17
Rahane, Dhawan headline rejigged T20 event
Jan 28, 2017: With the IPL auction to be pushed back by at least two weeks, the inter-state leg of the Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy, which begins on Sunday, could serve as an IPL shop window for India's up-and-coming short-format players
India news
Dhawan, Ishant named in Delhi's Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy squad
Jan 21, 2017: Shikhar Dhawan and Ishant Sharma have been included in Delhi's squad, led by Gautam Gambhir, for the upcoming Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy
India v England, 1st ODI, Pune
Dhawan's ODI career at boom-or-bust juncture
Jan 14, 2017: After a sub-par 2016 and with India's strong bench, Shikhar Dhawan's ODI career has reached the phase where he has no choice but to perform
Ranji Trophy 2016-17, Group B, 8th round, 1st day
Dhawan falters but Delhi take day's honours
Nov 29, 2016: Sumit Narwal's four-for, Shikhar Dhawan's dismissal, Karnataka's collapse and Jharkhand's defiance the talking points on the opening day of the 8th round Group B matches
Ranji Trophy 2016-17, 7th round
Fit-again Dhawan set to turn out for Delhi
Nov 20, 2016: While Shikhar Dhawan is set to return after an injury lay-off, Harbhajan Singh will lead Punjab in his first match of the season
England in India 2016-17
Rohit, Rahul and Dhawan to miss first two England Tests
Nov 2, 2016: Rohit Sharma was ruled out of the England Test series, and KL Rahul and Shikhar Dhawan for the first two matches; Hardik Pandya earned a surprise maiden call-up
New Zealand in India 2016-17
Dhawan injured, Gambhir in line to play Indore Test
Oct 3, 2016: India opener Shikhar Dhawan has been ruled out of the third Test against New Zealand in Indore starting October 8 due to a fractured finger that could take at least 15 days to heal
India news
'I channel the hurt to improve' - Dhawan
Sep 14, 2016: India opener Shikhar Dhawan has admitted to channelling the disappointment of being omitted from the playing XI for the recent T20I series against West Indies into improving his standards
West Indies v India, 3rd Test, St Lucia
India's St Lucia Test batting selection riddle
Aug 8, 2016: M Vijay missed the second Test but is back to full fitness after his injury replacement KL Rahul scored 158 in Jamaica. Will Vijay come back into the XI at the expense of Rahul, Shikhar Dhawan, Cheteshwar Pujara... or not at all?
West Indies v India, 1st Test, Antigua, 1st day
You need a big heart to open - Dhawan
Jul 22, 2016: India opener Shikhar Dhawan, who scored 84 on the first day in Antigua, said that learning from past experiences contributed to a better judgement in the channel outside off
West Indies v India, 1st Test, Antigua, 1st day
Kohli ton gives India shot at domination
Jul 21, 2016: Virat Kohli scored a century that looked inevitable to take India to a position from where they could dominate the Test
West Indies v India, 1st Test, Antigua
Kohli hints at Dhawan over Rahul for opening slot
Jul 20, 2016: Shikhar Dhawan is likely to partner M Vijay at the top of the order, with KL Rahul missing out, in the first Test of India's tour of the West Indies starting in Antigua on Thursday
India news
Dhawan pieces together batting jigsaw by 'going back to basics'
Jul 1, 2016: Trigger movement, stance, backlift and technique outside off in focus as India opener goes through an extended workout on the third day of India's training camp
Royal Challengers Bangalore v Sunrisers Hyderabad, IPL 2016, final, Bangalore
The men who need to piece Sunrisers' jigsaw
May 28, 2016: David Warner's men wouldn't want to be reminded about their season opener in Bangalore. The form of Shikhar Dhawan, Yuvraj Singh and Bhuvneshwar Kumar will be key to their chances in the finale
Kolkata Knight Riders v Sunrisers Hyderabad, IPL 2016, Eliminator, Delhi
Gambhir, Dhawan, and survival of the fittest
May 24, 2016: They have done the job together for Delhi, but have almost always competed for one opener's slot in the Indian team. Now, in the eliminator, both players will come face-to-face, and only one of them will be left standing
Mumbai Indians v Sunrisers Hyderabad, IPL 2016, Visakhapatnam
The Warner hand in Dhawan's transition to a marathoner
May 8, 2016: David Warner's brazenness upfront has allowed Shikhar Dhawan opportunities to discreetly put together pieces of his batting, and the results are starting to show
Mumbai Indians v Sunrisers Hyderabad, IPL 2016, Visakhapatnam
Dhawan, Nehra direct Mumbai mauling
May 8, 2016: Sunrisers Hyderabad rode on Shikhar Dhawan's 82 and Ashish Nehra's new-ball burst to thrash Mumbai Indians by 85 runs in Visakhapatnam
Showing 1-20 | Previous | Next |


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Sling-Slang DIY YOYO - Azure Blue
Sling-Slang DIY YOYO - Azure Blue
Made by hand in Michigan one by one, a portion of this assembly provides work to veterans and the disabled.
HEY YO! Ooooooooweee, this is some premium stuff right here my friends! Not your standard bandalore, you'll be walking the schnauzer and sleeping for days with this handmade YOYO. Sling-Slang comes as a simple-to-build kit in a handmade sustainable cardboard package, and features a hand-turned hard maple body with a removable grooved steel axle that makes string tricks easier and knot removal a thing of the past! Match your outfit with one of the two polyester strings included. That's what's up! And down...
- Weight: 3oz.
- Diameter: 2.25 inches
- Body Shape: Classic Geometric
- Body Material: Solid Hard Rock Maple - Turned in Maine
- Fixed String Gap
- Removable Grooved Steel Axle Shaft
- Handmade Environmentally Friendly Velcro-Lock Cardboard Case
- 100% USA Made


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Streetdirectory.com.my Business Finder
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With over 150,000 registered businesses, we cover most of the services and businesses in KL, Penang, Johor and Malacca directories.
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I don't know what causes it,
but when the seasons begin to change
I just have to change our house around, too!
I start room by room....
putting different things together....
until I like how it turns out.
Our dog found this set of antlers
in our woods last year.....
thought I would mix them together
with some dark framed pictures...
and a black book...
add a hunt scene....
or two....
I found a birdcage.....
sprayed it a flat black....
placed teacups.....
a burlap coffee bag....
and a mercury glass bottle inside...
It looks quite nice
on our dining room sideboard....for now...
Who says you have to have expensive stuff to decorate with?
Look around you!
You just might have some antlers...
or birdcages laying around....
happy hunting!
Thank you, Honey at 2805 for featuring my
If you haven't joined her Potpourri Party
go over and give it a whirl!
Hope you have a blessed week!
Make the Scene Monday at Alderberry Hill
Metamorphosis Monday at http://betweennapsontheporch.net
Show It Off Monday at Get Outta My Head Please
Show It Off Monday at Get Outta My Head Please
Meet Me Monday at youaretalkingtoomuch.blogspot.com
CowgirlUp Tuesday at CedarHill
Knick of Time Tuesday at knickoftimeinteriors.blogspot.com
Tablescape Tuesday at astrollthrulife.blogspot.com
Tuesday's Treasures at www.myuncommonsliceofsuburbia.com
Transformation Tuesday at The Ironstone Nest
Transformation Tuesday at The Ironstone Nest
Turning The Daunting Into the Do-able at projectqueen.org
Primp Your Stuff at http://micheleravendesigns.blogspot.com/
Wednesday is Rednesday at suelovescherries.blogspot.com
What's It Wednesday at ivyandelephants.blogspot.com
Wow Us Wednesday atsavvysouthernstyle.blogspot.com
Pearls and Lace Thursday at faithgracecrafts.blogspot.com
Share Your Cup Thursday at http://jannolson.blogspot.com/
Share Your Cup Thursday at http://jannolson.blogspot.com/
Tablescape Thursday at betweennapsontheporch.blogspot.com
Time Travel Thursday at The Brambleberry Cottage
Tutorials, Tips and Tidbits at Stone Gable
Time Travel Thursday at The Brambleberry Cottage
Tutorials, Tips and Tidbits at Stone Gable
Treasurehunt Thursday at frommyfrontporchtoyours.blogspot.
Air Your Laundry at www.freckledlaundry.com
Freestyle Friday at www.happyhourprojects.com
Potpouri Friday at twenty-eight-0-five.blogspot.com
Vintage Inspiration at commonground-debrasvintagedesigns.blogspot.com
Pink Saturday at howsweetthesound.typepad.com


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Mindfulness is the practice of being fully aware and present in the moment. It is a practice that helps us to "quiet the noise" either that resides in our bodies and mind or those things around us. Many of us experience racing thoughts or worry about what is next to come. Others of us may also ruminate on the past and wonder if things might or could be different. When we use our energy to attend to the noise, we are not able to fully enjoy the moment that has been given to us right now. This moment is fleeting and if we don't attend to it fully, we may miss opportunities that help us or heal us.
Practicing mindfulness is completely free, requires no visit to a health practitioner's office and is available at our fingertips 24-hours a day. This makes it cost-effective and accessible even for those with the most challenging financial conditions. Mindfulness can be easily practiced by just focusing on our breath. We can become very still and listen to the sound of our breath as we inhale. We can envision the air moving through our body and giving us what we need for health. We can also listen as we exhale and pay attention to how our body relaxes as it pushes the air out. The simple steps of focusing on our breath and becoming aware of the sounds and sensations in our body can help to alleviate stress, anxiety, and bring about a calmer feeling.
The WMR CCOE will be offering workshops in the spring on the art of mindfulness and it's role in health and wellness. More information will be available in the coming month. For more information, please feel free to contact us at email@example.com.
2015 WMR Annual Conference Update: Registration is Open!!
Registration is now open for the WMR Annual ConferenceJune 1-3, 2015 at the Bergamo Retreat Center. Please visit our website at www.wmrohio.org under the "Conference" tab to download the registration forms and additional information.
Scholarships are available to persons in recovery through the Consumer and Family Partnership Team at OhioMHAS. To learn more about this opportunity, please visit ohio.mha.gov.
From the WMR Community
Mental Illness
A poem by Aleta T – WMR Facilitator, Southeast, Inc.
Mental illness is a label many face each day
And comes in many forms
Paranoia, depression, schizophrenia, bi-polar and more
Society does not accept them…because they are not the norm
Born with bi-polar… didn't understand why
Mental illness is no joke
I suffered either depression, rages, racing thoughts,
Mood swings, sleepless nights too
Oh God! Oh God! What am I to do
I pondered and wondered what's wrong with me
I self medicated but it was not the way
Drugging and drinking masked the symptoms
But did not take them away
Found a doctor, explained not to be ashamed
And there's medications that would help
The label never leaves you… As negative as can be
Found WMR group… where I obtain strength to care for me
By their feedback, discussions, support, confidentiality
Encourages me to understand myself in every way


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All songs were written over the years dealing with life raising two boys as a single father and being widowed. Each song has heart and meaning. Again straight from the heart music.
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Brand: Zales
Price: $290.00 USD
Available at: Zales
A pathway of deep blue sapphires meanders between the lines of this 14K white gold heart pendant, each stone growing larger toward the center as though approaching the foreground. The heart itself loops around, whimsically drawn and beautifully expressive. A single diamond accent finishes the look, a magnificently brilliant touch. This pendant hangs on an 18.0-inch rope chain with spring-ring clasp.
The menu button now contains all of the sections of our site.
And you'll see personalized content just for you whenever you click the My Feed heart .
SheKnows is making some changes!


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The set of all automorphisms of a field \(F\) is a group under composition of functions.
Our first task is to establish a link between group theory and field theory by examining automorphisms of fields.
The set of all automorphisms of a field \(F\) is a group under composition of functions.
Let \(E\) be a field extension of \(F\). Then the set of all automorphisms of \(E\) that fix \(F\) elementwise is a group; that is, the set of all automorphisms \(\sigma : E \rightarrow E\) such that \(\sigma( \alpha ) = \alpha\) for all \(\alpha \in F\) is a group.
Let \(E\) be a field extension of \(F\). We will denote the full group of automorphisms of \(E\) by \(\aut(E)\). We define the Galois group of \(E\) over \(F\) to be the group of automorphisms of \(E\) that fix \(F\) elementwise; that is, \begin{equation*}G(E/F) = \{ \sigma \in \aut(E) : \sigma(\alpha) = \alpha \text{ for all } \alpha \in F \}.\end{equation*} If \(f(x)\) is a polynomial in \(F[x]\) and \(E\) is the splitting field of \(f(x)\) over \(F\), then we define the Galois group of \(f(x)\) to be \(G(E/F)\).
Complex conjugation, defined by \(\sigma : a + bi \mapsto a - bi\), is an automorphism of the complex numbers. Since \begin{equation*}\sigma(a) = \sigma(a + 0i) = a - 0i = a,\end{equation*} the automorphism defined by complex conjugation must be in \(G( {\mathbb C} / {\mathbb R} )\).
Consider the fields \({\mathbb Q} \subset {\mathbb Q}(\sqrt{5}\, ) \subset {\mathbb Q}( \sqrt{3}, \sqrt{5}\, )\). Then for \(a, b \in {\mathbb Q}( \sqrt{5}\, )\), \begin{equation*}\sigma( a + b \sqrt{3}\, ) = a - b \sqrt{3}\end{equation*} is an automorphism of \({\mathbb Q}(\sqrt{3}, \sqrt{5}\, )\) leaving \({\mathbb Q}( \sqrt{5}\, )\) fixed. Similarly, \begin{equation*}\tau( a + b \sqrt{5}\, ) = a - b \sqrt{5}\end{equation*} is an automorphism of \({\mathbb Q}(\sqrt{3}, \sqrt{5}\, )\) leaving \({\mathbb Q}( \sqrt{3}\, )\) fixed. The automorphism \(\mu = \sigma \tau\) moves both \(\sqrt{3}\) and \(\sqrt{5}\). It will soon be clear that \(\{ \identity, \sigma, \tau, \mu \}\) is the Galois group of \({\mathbb Q}(\sqrt{3}, \sqrt{5}\, )\) over \({\mathbb Q}\). The following table shows that this group is isomorphic to \({\mathbb Z}_2 \times {\mathbb Z}_2\). \begin{equation*}\begin{array}{c|cccc} & \identity & \sigma & \tau & \mu \\ \hline \identity & \identity & \sigma & \tau & \mu \\ \sigma & \sigma & \identity & \mu & \tau \\ \tau & \tau & \mu & \identity & \sigma \\ \mu & \mu & \tau & \sigma & \identity \end{array}\end{equation*} We may also regard the field \({\mathbb Q}( \sqrt{3}, \sqrt{5}\, )\) as a vector space over \({\mathbb Q}\) that has basis \(\{ 1, \sqrt{3}, \sqrt{5}, \sqrt{15}\, \}\). It is no coincidence that \(|G( {\mathbb Q}( \sqrt{3}, \sqrt{5}\, ) /{\mathbb Q})| = [{\mathbb Q}(\sqrt{3}, \sqrt{5}\, ):{\mathbb Q})] = 4\).
Let \(E\) be a field extension of \(F\) and \(f(x)\) be a polynomial in \(F[x]\). Then any automorphism in \(G(E/F)\) defines a permutation of the roots of \(f(x)\) that lie in \(E\).
Let \(E\) be an algebraic extension of a field \(F\). Two elements \(\alpha, \beta \in E\) are conjugate over \(F\) if they have the same minimal polynomial. For example, in the field \({\mathbb Q}( \sqrt{2}\, )\) the elements \(\sqrt{2}\) and \(-\sqrt{2}\) are conjugate over \({\mathbb Q}\) since they are both roots of the irreducible polynomial \(x^2 - 2\).
A converse of the last proposition exists. The proof follows directly from Lemma 21.32.
If \(\alpha\) and \(\beta\) are conjugate over \(F\), there exists an isomorphism \(\sigma : F( \alpha ) \rightarrow F( \beta )\) such that \(\sigma\) is the identity when restricted to \(F\).
Let \(f(x)\) be a polynomial in \(F[x]\) and suppose that \(E\) is the splitting field for \(f(x)\) over \(F\). If \(f(x)\) has no repeated roots, then \begin{equation*}|G(E/F)| = [E:F].\end{equation*}
Let \(F\) be a finite field with a finite extension \(E\) such that \([E:F]=k\). Then \(G(E/F)\) is cyclic of order \(k\).
We can now confirm that the Galois group of \({\mathbb Q}( \sqrt{3}, \sqrt{5}\, )\) over \({\mathbb Q}\) in Example 23.4 is indeed isomorphic to \({\mathbb Z}_2 \times {\mathbb Z}_2\). Certainly the group \(H = \{ \identity, \sigma, \tau, \mu \}\) is a subgroup of \(G({\mathbb Q}( \sqrt{3}, \sqrt{5}\, )/{\mathbb Q})\); however, \(H\) must be all of \(G({\mathbb Q}( \sqrt{3}, \sqrt{5}\, )/{\mathbb Q})\), since \begin{equation*}|H| = [{\mathbb Q}( \sqrt{3}, \sqrt{5}\, ):{\mathbb Q}] = |G({\mathbb Q}( \sqrt{3}, \sqrt{5}\, )/{\mathbb Q})| = 4.\end{equation*}
Let us compute the Galois group of \begin{equation*}f(x) = x^4 + x^3 + x^2 + x + 1\end{equation*} over \({\mathbb Q}\). We know that \(f(x)\) is irreducible by Exercise 17.4.20 in Chapter 17. Furthermore, since \((x -1)f(x) = x^5 -1\), we can use DeMoivre's Theorem to determine that the roots of \(f(x)\) are \(\omega^i\), where \(i = 1, \ldots, 4\) and \begin{equation*}\omega = \cos(2 \pi / 5 ) + i \sin(2 \pi / 5 ).\end{equation*} Hence, the splitting field of \(f(x)\) must be \({\mathbb Q}(\omega)\). We can define automorphisms \(\sigma_i\) of \({\mathbb Q}(\omega )\) by \(\sigma_i( \omega ) = \omega^i\) for \(i = 1, \ldots, 4\). It is easy to check that these are indeed distinct automorphisms in \(G( {\mathbb Q}( \omega) / {\mathbb Q} )\). Since \begin{equation*}[{\mathbb Q}( \omega) : {\mathbb Q}] = | G( {\mathbb Q}( \omega) / {\mathbb Q})| = 4,\end{equation*} the \(\sigma_i\)'s must be all of \(G( {\mathbb Q}( \omega) / {\mathbb Q} )\). Therefore, \(G({\mathbb Q}( \omega) / {\mathbb Q})\cong {\mathbb Z}_4\) since \(\omega\) is a generator for the Galois group.
Many of the results that we have just proven depend on the fact that a polynomial \(f(x)\) in \(F[x]\) has no repeated roots in its splitting field. It is evident that we need to know exactly when a polynomial factors into distinct linear factors in its splitting field. Let \(E\) be the splitting field of a polynomial \(f(x)\) in \(F[x]\). Suppose that \(f(x)\) factors over \(E\) as \begin{equation*}f(x) = (x - \alpha_1)^{n_1} (x - \alpha_2)^{n_2} \cdots (x - \alpha_r)^{n_r} = \prod_{i = 1}^{r} (x - \alpha_i)^{n_i}.\end{equation*} We define the multiplicity of a root \(\alpha_i\) of \(f(x)\) to be \(n_i\). A root with multiplicity 1 is called a simple root. Recall that a polynomial \(f(x) \in F[x]\) of degree \(n\) is separable if it has \(n\) distinct roots in its splitting field \(E\). Equivalently, \(f(x)\) is separable if it factors into distinct linear factors over \(E[x]\). An extension \(E\) of \(F\) is a separable extension of \(F\) if every element in \(E\) is the root of a separable polynomial in \(F[x]\). Also recall that \(f(x)\) is separable if and only if \(\gcd( f(x), f'(x)) = 1\) (Lemma 22.5).
Let \(f(x)\) be an irreducible polynomial over \(F\). If the characteristic of \(F\) is \(0\), then \(f(x)\) is separable. If the characteristic of \(F\) is \(p\) and \(f(x) \neq g(x^p)\) for some \(g(x)\) in \(F[x]\), then \(f(x)\) is also separable.
Certainly extensions of a field \(F\) of the form \(F(\alpha)\) are some of the easiest to study and understand. Given a field extension \(E\) of \(F\), the obvious question to ask is when it is possible to find an element \(\alpha \in E\) such that \(E = F( \alpha )\). In this case, \(\alpha\) is called a primitive element. We already know that primitive elements exist for certain extensions. For example, \begin{equation*}{\mathbb Q}( \sqrt{3}, \sqrt{5}\, ) = {\mathbb Q}( \sqrt{3} + \sqrt{5}\, )\end{equation*} and \begin{equation*}{\mathbb Q}( \sqrt[3]{5}, \sqrt{5}\, i ) = {\mathbb Q}( \sqrt[6]{5}\, i ).\end{equation*} Corollary 22.12 tells us that there exists a primitive element for any finite extension of a finite field. The next theorem tells us that we can often find a primitive element.
Let \(E\) be a finite separable extension of a field \(F\). Then there exists an \(\alpha \in E\) such that \(E=F( \alpha )\).


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Three Washington state universities have been the recent recipients of new grants from Boeing for STEM initiatives.
Vernier and the National Science Teachers Association have opened applications for their annual technology awards.
Researchers from the University of Michigan, Brown University and Stanford University have received a grant worth nearly $5 million from the Spencer Foundation and the William T. Grant Foundation for the first phase of a five year study on the effects of the Common Core State Standards on teaching and learning.
The National Association of Elementary School Principals has released the list of this year's honorees, school leaders who have influenced the students and schools where they serve.
The donation from New York-based Math for America will help train nearly 5,000 surrounding area teachers, as part of a citywide initiative to bring computer science education to all 1.1 million New York City public school students.
The biggest allotment of E-rate requests in applications for fiscal year 2016 was dedicated to data and internet service. More than $2.3 billion focused on that type of funding help.
Researchers at the Rochester Institute of Technology and Bradley University have received a $1.19 million grant from the National Science Foundation to study the effectiveness of K-12 efforts to encourage computing skills.
The College Board, the National Science Foundation and CSNYC were a few of the organizations that announced new commitments at a summit celebrating President Obama's Computer Science for All initiative.
This year's event is coming up on a crucial deadline: All individual and student teams need to have their research reports and related materials turned in by Sept. 20.
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Before committing to a new learning management system, schools and districts have some serious homework to do. Ensuring that a prospective LMS aligns with institutional goals, technology infrastructure, and the requirements of an entire learning community will increase the likelihood of a successful implementation, and ultimately, improve teaching and learning. Read more...
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The Right Product for the Right Job Since 1980
Epoxy.com System #495 is an Elastomeric Urethane Membrane System, that is liquid applied. System #495 Elastomeric Membrane System is seamless, elastomeric (flexible), and UV. These qualities make it an excellent choice for outside applications in direct sun and weather, where water tightness, durability, and excellent appearance is required. Its elastomeric properties will allow horizontal movements up to 1/8 inch without breaking.
Epoxy.com System #495 has excellent abrasion and chemical resistance. The surface of System #495 can be varied to achieve the required anti-skid and decorative look.
Epoxy.com System #495 Elastomeric Urethane Membrane System is ideal for:
Clean with neutral soaps or detergents. Anti-skid floors typically use periodic mechanical cleaning. Long period of heavy traffic may cause wear patterns requiring a maintenance of the finish coat.
For a complete set of installation instructions see Elastomeric Decking System #495 Installation Guide or contact Epoxy.com Technical Support Department.
Proper mixing and installation is critical to the optimal success of all product. See Installation Tips, Techdata, & MSDS for more details on our products. Be sure to contact us with any questions and/or concerns that you have.
For more information please contact:
321-206-1833 Customer Service - Ordering and Order Status Katey Fontaine, VP - Customer Service Director email@example.com
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Quick Facts
Botanical Name: Simmondsia chinensis
Family Name: Simmondsiaceae
Common Name: Jojoba Seed Oil
Part used: Seeds
Specific Gravity: 0.90500 - 0.92500 at 25°C
Optical Rotation: +3.5 - +6.0
Refractive Index: 1.46000 - 1.46800 at 25°C
Blends well with: Avocado, Sweet almond, Camellia
Uses: The oil has amazing healing effects of sunburns, minor wounds, and canker sores.
This oil is used as an appetite suppressant.
Countries where it's found
The shrub is native to the Sonoran and Mojave deserts of Arizona, southern California, and north-western Mexico. The shrub has been established in a number of deserts and semi-deserts such as Israel, Argentina, Peru, and Australia.
Harvesting Information
Jojoba is harvested by hand and harvesting is done annually. The seeds mature about three months after plantation and are best harvested when mature and ripe.
History of the Plant
The term "jojoba" originated from the O'odham people of the Sonoran desert. The oil has been used by Native Americans for hundreds of years. They used the oil in the treatment of burns, cuts, bruises, and sore throats.
Extraction Process
Jojoba oil is extracted from the nut by steam distillation. The oil color ranges from clear to pale yellow to golden yellow with a strong aroma.
Commonly known Benefits
Health benefits:
Other benefits:


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Location Info:
McGonigel's Mucky Duck
2425 Norfolk
Houston, TX 77098
Houston, TX 77098
with special guest Emma Swift
Robyn Hitchcock is one of England's most enduring contemporary singer/songwriters and live performers. A surrealist poet, talented guitarist, cult artist and musician's musician, Hitchcock is among alternative rock's father figures and is the closest thing the genre has to a Bob Dylan (not coincidentally his biggest musical inspiration).
Since founding the art-rock band The Soft Boys in 1976, Robyn has recorded more than 20 albums as well as starred in 'Storefront Hitchcock' an in concert film recorded in New York and directed by Jonathan Demme.
Blending folk and psychedelia with a wry British nihilism, Robyn describes his songs as 'paintings you can listen to'. His most recent album THE MAN UPSTAIRS is a bittersweet love letter to a vanishing world. Produced by legendary folk-rock svengali Joe Boyd (Pink Floyd, Nick Drake) the album was critically acclaimed by MOJO, UNCUT and THE QUIETUS.
"A gifted melodist, Hitchcock nests engaging lyrics in some of the most bracing, rainbow-hued pop this side of Revolver. He wrests inspiration not from ordinary life but from extraordinary imaginings…" – Rolling Stone
"As a performer, he's as much a wandering bard as a rock star." – The Believer
"Some spectral, lingering, emotional thundercloud hangs over The Man Upstairs…harks back to that infinitely distant yet eternally resonant emotional big bang"— UNCUT


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This past Sunday Feb 12 we gathered for the first time in our new worship space. We'll be gathering weekly for worship during the Sundays of Lent ... Read More
From the Blog
Worship Sunday Feb 12
By Ben Sternke on Leave a Comment
This Sunday (Feb 12) we gather for worship for the first time in our new space! We'll gather to hear good news and respond at the table of ... Read More
Photos of Our New Worship Space
By Ben Sternke on Leave a Comment
Here are some photos of the new worship space we'll be using for our February 12 worship gathering (10:30am), as well as our (likely) weekly worship ... Read More