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Posts tagged 'Travel'
Mitumba 101: The Second Hand Clothing Trade in Kenya
The Blue Sweater
The founder of non-profit venture capital fund, Jacqueline Novogratz, is the author of "The Blue Sweater: Bridging the Gap Between Rich and Poor in an Interconnected World." In the book, she describes a blue sweater, donning "zebras in the foreground and Mt. Kilimanjaro right across the chest," that she wore often as a child. Like many of our own childhood artifacts, the sweater was donated to good will once she started high school.
That exact moment is where the story goes global…
"Fast forward 10 years, about 5000 miles. I had left my career on Wall Street and was working in Kigali, Rwanda with a small group of women to start the countries first micro-finance bank to make small loans to poor women. When I was jogging through the streets, and low and behold 10 yards in front of me I see a little boy, pip squeak, knobby knees, wearing my sweater. So, I run up to the child, grab him by the color, turn it over and there is my name," said Novogratz.
Novagratz's sweater is one article of clothing among millions that are circulating the globe as part of the second hand clothing trade (SHCT). Although the SHCT accounts for approximately 0.5% of global trade in clothing, more than 30% of those imports went to Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) as early as 2005. Figures provided by an Oxfam report indicate that used garments, initially collected and sold by western charities, account for nearly 50% of the clothing sector in SSA.
The SHCT is a billion dollar industry that spans the globe. According to a CNN report, "whilst exact continent-wide figures are hard to come by, global used clothing exports from OECD countries stood at $1.9 billion in 2009, according to 2011 U.N. Comtrade data." An estimate in the same article approximates import activity to be worth $3 billion, and the subsequent retail transactions to be worth two-times that amount.
Mitumba 101
In Kenya the second hand clothing trade is known as mitumba.
Used clothing was first imported as duty free charity in response to regional conflicts during the 70s and 80s. The trade evolved into a commercialized business sector in the early 90s, when market liberalization policies were introduced into the Kenyan economy. Those policies allowed for the importation of goods, like mass shipments of used clothing, at reduced costs.
Indigenous textile industries across many African economies could not compete with the lower cost and higher quality of used clothing from abroad. In Kenya specifically, the resulting competition coupled with other factors like the collapse of the Kenyan cotton board, a drought from 1995-1997, lack of locally produced synthetic material and newly arriving cheap Asian imports, led to the closing of Kisumu Cotton Mills, Allied Industries Limited and Heritage Woolen Mills.
However, before you mourn the loss of local textile production, you should know that this is not entirely a sob story. From the ashes of one industry, another one has emerged quite triumphantly. Mitumba is a bustling business sector in Kenya. It has created thousands of jobs where the government and private sector have failed to do so. Furthermore, the state cashes in on import revenues and so do local city-municipal councils that require all vendors to purchase trading licenses regularly.
Mitumba is popular across the entire spectrum of Kenyan society. The poor could not afford to clothe themselves otherwise, while middle class and affluent Kenyans turn to Mitumba for designer labels and high quality, unique clothing intended for western markets.
- Western Charities: First, western charities sort through donations to add to their local thrift stock. Next, they sell the surplus to SHC dealers in order to generate funds for their programs and operations. About 80% of donated clothing is usually sold to merchants.
- Exporters/Importer: The second hand clothing merchants sort the clothing by condition and category; good/poor quality, women's/men's/children's, shirts/pants, etc. Then, they're bundled in plastic packaging called bales and shipped to the major East African port city of Mombasa in large containers. The bales are purchased by the ton. When they arrive in Kenya, they are stored in warehouses, mostly around the port of entry.
- Wholesalers: Major wholesalers purchase bales in Mombasa and transport them by truck to Gikomba market in Nairobi, ground zero for the wholesale mitumba trade in Kenya. Next, medium wholesalers purchase the bales and sell the clothing to retail vendors who travel to Gikomba from all over the country to purchase stock for their businesses.
- Retailers: Toi market, an offshoot of Kibera slums, is the largest retail market for used items in Nairobi. Other vendors fan out to cities and towns across the country.
On the Ground in Gikomba Market
Hop on matatu #7 behind the National Archives in town for the short ride to Gikomba Market, Kenya's hub for wholesale SHC sales. This is a thrift shop on steroids. Gikomba is a labyrinth of rickety wooden stalls, adorned with rows of garments hung like ornaments on a Christmas tree. Vendors, perched above colorful mounds of clothing, call out to customers, shouting prices from their stalls. Bales of clothing are hauled through its narrow, muddy corridors on sturdy backs and rickshaws, as customers bob and weave through the chaos looking for quality clothing at the lowest price.
The sound of "camera, camera" fills the air. Clothing, both retail and wholesale, are sold in rounds by grade. Each round is called a camera, first camera, second camera and finally, the third. Once the bales are opened and sorted, the best quality clothes will be the first to go. Vendors often build relationships with each other in order to get first dibs on "first camera" clothing.
Francis, from the Kingara section of Nairobi, supervises a store that sells bales of clothing in the market. Drivers for the business go back and forth to Mombasa at least twice a week, bringing back about 70 bales of clothing with them each time. The drive from Nairobi to Mombasa is about 8 hours one way. According to Francis, a bale of 1st grade clothing can range anywhere from KHS 9000 (about $100) to KHS 14000 (about $200).
Thomas Wahome, 24, and Samuel Mwangi, 28, have both worked in Gikomba market for 3 years. They rent a stall for KHS 1500 (about $20) a month to sell men's and women's jeans. At their stall, the cheapest pair costs 100 shillings (about $1.50).
Paula Bosire, an accounting student at Strathmore University, likes to mix and match her wardrobe. Some of her clothes are brand new from local chain stores and others are second hand. She is a frequent visitor to Gikomba, where she goes to find prices even cheaper than Toi's. "I shop at Woolworth's and Mr. Price for statement pieces and come to Gikomba for really good deals and things that are practically new. Sometimes the difference isn't much," she said. On this day, Paula left Gikomba with stylish scarves and a pair of slacks and jeans that cost KHS 40 (about $0.50) each.
Geoffrey Messo, 24, is a mitumba retailer at Umoja, an estate in Nairobi. He has been in business for 8 months and visits Gikomba twice a week to purchase new stock. He retains customers by building relationships with them, getting to know their styles and taking personal requests for items. According to Geoffrey, starting off as a mitumba retailer is not difficult because it requires very little capital upfront. However, like any business mitumba is not devoid of challenges. Sometimes Geoffrey is stuck with clothing that doesn't sell.
Gikomba market generates tons of spinoff employment. It's like a city within a city. Security guards are hired to protect stalls and stock. There are tailors on site to repair clothing and stalls set up exclusively for ironing. Shoe cleaners wait at the exit of the market with brushes, soap and water to wash off the mud accumulated from a busy day of shopping, and food vendors are on site to fuel the spending.
Naima, is known as 'mathe' in the market which means mother in shang, Kenyan slang. Originally from the coast province, she is the owner of 'Real Madrid' restaurant, located at the center of Gikomba's hustle and bustle. She's run her business in the market for 8 years. In addition to feeding hungry shoppers with typical Kenyan dishes like chapati, samosas and greengrams (lentils), she caters for parties and offices in the Westlands and Hurlingham sections of Nairobi. "People come from very far to pick clothes for their businesses. This is a meeting place for them. They sell, exchange, I let them do whatever they want [here]. They come in the morning, leave their things, I keep them safe while they go to buy. Then, they come to eat, talk with friends and return home, "said Naima.
A portrait of Gikomba market would not be complete without mentioning that it is also Nairobi's wholesale fish market. Hotels, restaurants, businesses and even individual shoppers flock here to purchase fresh and smoked fish from Lakes Victoria and Turkana.
Geoffrey Messo, the clothing vendor who I met shopping for stock, introduced me to his mother Helen. She has been selling fish in Gikomba for 10 years. She sells fresh fish from Lake Victoria. She receives shipments of fish everyday. Along with most vendors in the market, she rents a space in communal refrigerators to store her supply. Her customers, many of whom are restaurant owners, come straight to her in Gikomba. She also makes home deliveries.
If you're not in the mood for samosas or greengrams at Naima's 'Real Madrid,' stop by the fish section of the market for freshly fried Nile perch, a side of sukuma wiki, kale, and the Kenyan staple ugali, corn flower cooked with water to a dough-like consistency.
On the Ground in Toi Market
Toi market is located at the outskirts of Kibera slums in Nairobi. According to Citizen TV Kenya, "the market, which started in 1992 as a food center, where people could stop for a bite to eat, has become a vast emporium of second hand shoes, shirts, bags, pants and dresses. " Toi market is the primary retail-shopping destination for the average Nairobean. It's less hectic, more spacious and secure than Gikomba market, which is located near the city center.
Boniface started working in Toi in 2005. He has lived in the adjacent Kibera slums for 22 years. He was previously employed in the 'jua kali' sector making furniture, but left to go into business for himself. " I wanted to be self-employed, to rely on myself and my own business, to live my own life, personally. The business is cheap to start," said Boniface. Unlike most vendors in Toi who rent, Boniface owns his stall. He purchased it for KHS 25,000 (about $300).
Jackline Arunga, 18, is a newbie in Toi. She has only worked in the market for 1 year, selling children's clothes exclusively. She rents her stall along the roadside for KHS 1500 ($20) a month. Once a month, she travels to Gikomba market to restock her supply of mitumba. Jackline's long term goal is saving money to enroll in university.
Brisbane John Ndavi owns a stall in Toi market with his wife. They have worked here for a decade. Like for many Kenyans, it is difficult to survive on one income alone. So, Brisbane has more than one job. He is a full time security guard at an international embassy in Nairobi. Brisbane and his wife sell mitumba from a great location on the roadside. The price of owning or renting along paths, well worn from foot traffic, is double that of stalls off the roadside, deeper inside the market. Brisbane sited land ownership discrepancies as one challenge to feeling secure in this line of work. Neighboring Kibera and Toi market are both informal settlements, and who exactly owns the land has been a huge point of contention for decades. There are constantly rumors about developers seeking to gain ownership and wipe out the market. According to Brisbane, many vendors work with the fear that one-day, they'll show up to work and find their structures ransacked and torn down.
Toi market is not just a hub for clothing. It is a central location for all kinds of used items. On any given day, it's common to see customers, both affluent and poor, Kenyan and expatriate, combing through books, toys, electronics, utensils, accessories, furniture and other items. According to The Standard, Verah Aboga is one of the businesspersons who sells second-hand kitchenware. Aboga, who operates from Kitengela on the outskirts of Nairobi, sells the items on order to her customers in the city. Aboga noted that second-hand utensils are becoming popular because the market has been infiltrated by low-quality items. "Most of the sufurias (cooking pots) sold in the Kenyan market are very light and are not even made of stainless steel. This is what is making people switch to second-hand utensils, especially those who mind about quality," she said.
Challenges to Mitumba
Market liberalization, coupled with the low purchasing power of the vast majority of Kenyans, has made the country fertile ground for the SHCT. It's wildly popular across the entire societal spectrum. Nonetheless, there are several factors that could threaten the industry's future in Kenya.
1) Cheap textiles from Asia are flooding the market. Although the competition from this onslaught is real, many Kenyans remain loyal to mitumba for its higher quality.
2) In 2012, the government raised import duties on SHC shipments. According to an article originally published in the Daily Nation, "While a container of mitumba used to attract duty of between Sh900,000 and Sh1.1 million before the new taxes were implemented early this year, the new rate is now Sh1.8 million, an increase of more than Sh800,000, they said."
3) Local textile firms, that hope to stage a comeback, are lobbying the government to impose a levy on SHC shipments. They'd like the additional revenue to go towards a fund subsidizing cotton cultivation.
Although government policies and the ever-shifting tide of international trade may ultimately have it in for mitumba, the view from the ground doesn't hint at a demise any time soon. At an average of 90% off western retail prices, how can you go wrong? Shop on Kenya!
Kiva Fellows: Mixing Business with Pleasure
Here in Mongolia, my top priority with XacBank has been to complete borrower verifications (BVs)—visits to 10 randomly selected Kiva clients to ensure that everything in the field checks out with the information reported to Kiva's San Francisco headquarters. As it happened, the borrowers in my sample were scattered across the country. Here's a summary of what my month of April looked like:
- 1 month spent
- 4,872 km covered
- 9 borrowers verified
- 5 aimags traveled to
- 7 branch offices visited
- 10 training sessions delivered
- 35 loan officers and other staff trained
- 13 top Kiva borrowers recognized
- 1 television interview completed
- 67 client waivers checked
- 2 runaway borrowers chased down
- 1 Kiva Coordinator-Extraordinaire
- 2 beautiful lakes and other sights experienced
- 4 items delivered via Mongolian messenger service
- Many kilos of cheese curds (and other nice gifts!) received
I couldn't help but feel lucky—I knew it would be an eye-opening experience to visit all these different parts of Mongolia. After all, I think most Kiva Fellows are in this as much for the professional experience as for the exposure to new countries and cultures. Why not mix business with pleasure if you can?
Runaway borrowers
I've talked before about some of the work that Kiva Fellows do when we visit branch offices during our BVs, but what I didn't explain was how, in order to successfully complete a BV, the Fellow must meet with every single borrower on the list. If for whatever reason, a borrower is unavaible or nowhere to be found (and that's happened before!), the sample must be re-drawn and 10 new borrowers must be verified—no matter how close you were to finishing the first set of 10 (and irrespective of how far and long you had to travel to see them). So it's safe to say that Kiva Fellows sweat it a little when these meetings don't line up perfectly. And people are often on the move, which can raise some serious logistical challenges sometimes.
Take Aibek, for instance. Batzul, the Kiva Coordinator at XacBank, booked us flights to go see him in Bayan-Olgiy, the western-most province of Mongolia (flying made sense given that Olgiy, the city centre, is a 3 day drive from UB). She also arranged our accommodations and made plans with the Director to deliver training sessions at the branch office. We were all set to leave on Monday morning, but late in the afternoon of the Friday before, she called me up sounding very serious: 'Aibek is not in Bayan-Olgiy. He's in UB right now. I just spoke to the loan officer.'
The trickiest part was that he was only planning to be in UB for a few days—which meant that by the time we came back from our branch visits in Bayan-Olgiy and Uvs provinces, he would have left already. We couldn't change our flights, and flying to Bayan-Olgiy a second time was pretty much out of the question. So the best thing to do was to meet in UB during the weekend. We made plans to meet him on Saturday at 10 a.m. in his neighbourhood. We made our way to the east end of the city and waited… No Aibek.
Batzul called the loan officer in Bayan-Olgiy, who then called Aibek, but he wasn't picking up his phone. We communicated through his wife, who was at home. We waited and waited. No Aibek. We gave up and agreed to try and reschedule.
Our opportunity came that afternoon. Aibek, the loan officer told us, would meet us by the Wrestling Palace at 1 p.m. When we got there we searched in vain for any passers-by who looked like the man in the borrower profile. An hour passed. No Aibek.
But the third time's a charm, right? On Sunday afternoon I got a call from Batzul—Aibek had been located! We hopped in a taxi and made our way to the west end of the city. We were driven to a desolate, industrial area surrounded by auto body shops, where random vans were parked and people seemed to be waiting around for something. We waited in the safety of the taxi, but when no Aibek appeared, we cautiously stepped out and started asking strangers if they knew of our man. Eventually, one of them pointed us to a van, and lo and behold, Aibek was there!
Our first stop in our travels was Bayan-Olgiy. Bayan-Olgiy is a special part of Mongolia: This region is home to the country's Kazakh minority, giving it a very distinct feel from the moment you arrive. The Kazakhs, who make up some 90% of the population of this province, adhere to Islam (rather than Buddhism, like much of the rest of Mongolia), and the predominant language is Kazakh, not Mongolian (though most people speak both). From my hotel window, I could hear the evening call to prayers.
The Kazakhs were first drawn to the high mountain pastures in the region in the mid-1800s, where they let their sheep graze during the summer months. Throughout most of the 20th century, they were an isolated, tight-knit community, and this region is considered even by people in Kazakhstan as the best-preserved example of Kazakh culture. One of the things it's best known for is the Eagle Festival, which takes place every year in October.
I think my Kazakh colleagues were as curious about me as I was about them. I immediately started learning some words in their language. Instead of bayarlalaa for 'thank you,' they say rahmed. Amansasbaa is the common greeting, whereas in Mongolian it's sain bain uu (or more casually, you can say salem in Kazakh). And learning to say tansganmaa huanshtaman (it's nice to meet you) came in pretty handy several times later on!
Having finished our work at the branch quickly, our colleagues took us to see the main mosque in town, followed by a hike up a nearby peak to get a beautiful view of Olgiy, the Altai Mountains, and the river that flows from them. Later, the Branch Director and driver took us on a long and bumpy drive to Tolbo Nuur, a freshwater lake about 50km south of the city centre. Though it was still frozen, it was amazing to see a body of water (there aren't many in Mongolia!).
Next stop: A visit to the Branch Director's extended family living in the countryside! True to Kazakh/Mongolian hospitality, they welcomed us warmly and prepared a massive and delicious feast for us. It's customary for people in Mongolia to welcome strangers—locals and foreigners alike—into their homes and feed them. It stems from their nomadic history, in which families would help other people who were passing through the area, or receive visitors from different parts of the country (for example, the capital) and exchange news with them. It's a beautiful aspect of the culture here.
On our way back to Olgiy, we soaked in the peaceful landscapes of the countryside…
A picnic at Uvs Nuur
By midweek, we were bidding farewell to our new friends in Bayan-Olgiy and boarding another plane, this time bound for Uvs. We were welcomed at the airport by a small crew, and no sooner did we arrive at the branch than we got down to business. Client waivers, visits to borrowers, loan officer training—check, check, check! Then the branch staff treated us to a warm welcome dinner at a nearby Korean restaurant. We were starting to feel like royalty!
The following morning, we had certificates and tokens of appreciation to hand out to 5 Kiva borrowers who had repaid their loans on time (or early). It turned out that the Branch Director had invited the local television crew to film the small ceremony! They asked me to say a few words about Kiva, so I was happy to talk about the good work Kiva and XacBank are doing. It aired on the evening news that night. I guess that makes me famous in Mongolia!
Next on the agenda was a trip to Uvs Nuur, a saltwater lake that is the largest in Mongolia. Lucky us! We followed a road for part of the trek but veered off after a while to avoid muddy areas where our SUV could get stuck. We zigzagged across an open field and eventually made it to the water's edge, where Mongolians love to come and take a dip in the summertime. It was a cool but sunny afternoon, and we took in the warm rays as we sat idly by the water's edge and enjoyed the picnic our colleagues had packed for us. We couldn't have spent a nicer time in Uvs!
Business owners, an ancient monument and a stolen dinosaur
The following week, we hit the road for two more aimags, Arkhangai and Bayanhongor.
There, we had the opportunity to meet some borrowers who told us about their businesses. It's always rewarding to make the connection between the borrower profiles on Kiva's website and the people who are actually behind them. It's also nice to see microcredit working effectively. These lovely ladies passed along their thank you's to their Kiva lenders… Allow me to introduce them.
While visiting these aimags, we also learned about some of Mongolia's rich natural history. Not far from Tsetserleg, Arkhangai's city centre, is Taikhar Chuluu, a large rock formation that juts out in the middle of a wide plain. Legend has it that a snake emerged from the earth one day, many moons ago, and a hero named Bökebilig forced it back and sealed off its cave with this rock. The rock has been revered by various civilizations since ancient times, as evidenced by the Mongolian, Tibetan, and Turkic inscriptions which can be found on it (the latter which dates back to the 6th century AD, although sadly, most of the inscriptions have been overwritten by modern-day graffiti).
And did you know that it's possible to smuggle a dinosaur out of a country? Luckily, the one that was taken from Mongolia is now on its way home. Bayanhongor, which is part of the Gobi Desert region, is home to some of the incredible dinosaur fossils that have been unearthed since the 1920s. These include many dinosaur eggs and several Velociraptors (which of course you'll remember from Jurassic Park!). One of the most famous discoveries is of a Velociraptor and a Protoceratops that were locked in battle and frozen in time 80 million years ago. You can also see exhibits such as a nest of newborn baby dinosaurs, and a mother protecting her young at the Natural History Museum in UB—that is, when they're not out touring the world!
The Mongolian Messenger
I witnessed another curiosity during these BV travels. In a country where there are effectively no street names or real addresses, I've been intrigued by how mail gets delivered around here. You may know that the Mongolian Empire had a highly developed mail system at the height of its rule. People have assured me that when they receive mail—that is, anything that cannot be taped to their doors—they are given notices to go pick it up at the nearest postal outlet. Sounds reasonable, right?
But the truth is, Mongolians today have instituted an informal delivery system that would surely do Chinggis Khan proud. My edification began as Batzul and I waited in line at the check-in counter in the UB airport to fly to Bayan-Olgiy. A man was hovering nearby, and finally he approached Batzul. They exchanged a few words in Mongolian; he passed her an envelope, and she took down a phone number. I observed the whole interaction somewhat suspiciously.
'What was that all about?' I asked after the man had gone.
'Oh, he just wants me to deliver something in Olgiy,' she replied casually. And to my confused stare, she added, 'It's the Mongolian Messenger service.'
As if that explained everything! My jaw must have dropped. I started sputtering… What? How? Who?? I was full of questions!
These questions were somewhat cleared up when we arrived in Olgiy. As we stopped for lunch with our branch colleague, Batzul got on the phone and a short while later, a lady walked into the restaurant. Just a few words were exchanged before the envelope was handed over and the lady walked back out. I watched in fascination. 'How did you know she was the right lady?' I exclaimed.
'Because I just talked to her on the phone,' Batzul answered matter-of-factly.
'But don't you need to see her ID or something?' I persisted.
'No.' We resumed eating.
This happened again and again until I finally started to believe in the system. Coming back to UB this time, we walked out of the baggage-claim area of the airport and Batzul delivered another envelope straight into the outstretched hands of a stranger. She knew him by the black shirt he was wearing, she assured me. On the way into the city, our driver stopped along the road from the airport, not once but twice, at seemingly random intersections where our little Messenger hopped out, delivered her goods to waiting recipients, and hopped back into the car. I was blown away.
The Kiva Coordinator-Extraordinaire
Speaking of this Messenger, delivering envelopes isn't Batzul's only talent. For the past four months, I've had the pleasure of working with her, and for good reason: She is a truly exemplary Kiva Coordinator. We've worked closely together, particularly during all of our branch visits for the BVs, and I must say we've made a great team. We get our work done quickly and efficiently, and even have time left to have some fun (as you now know).
But it's not just that. Batzul is an impressive young professional all on her own. She is always on the ball with her Kiva work and manages several other projects on top of that. But the best part about her is that she takes immense pride in her job as a Kiva Coordinator, and also in the fact that her work is impacting the lives of many Mongolians. Whether we are running a training session together, or visiting a borrower, she's been far more than just a translator. She elaborates by adding anecdotes and lessons from her own stock of experiences, including her interactions with branches, loan officers, and clients, thus adding colour and depth to the messages we deliver. She makes my job as a Kiva Fellow easy!
Just as I had thought, the opportunity to see so many different parts of Mongolia for my BVs was fun, rewarding, and incredibly enriching. And I have Batzul, the Kiva borrowers, XacBank, and all the incredible people at the branch offices we met to thank for that—so from the bottom of my heart, thank you everyone for a truly amazing experience!
What Green Means in Mongolia
Spring may have arrived in Mongolia, but for two Kiva staff who visited me in April, winter gave one last hurrah and dumped the largest snowfall I've seen since being here (a whopping 2 inches!).
If you've had a chance to read some of my past blog posts, you'll already know that winter in Mongolia is a big deal—even for a Canuck like me. (more…)
The Ticos Who Touched My Heart
It never ceases to amaze me how you can connect with people who are completely different from you. Maybe you don't speak the same first language. Maybe you grew up on opposite sides of the world, or you were born in different decades. But somehow, despite all your differences—and perhaps against all odds—you find commonalities. And what's more, sometimes you realize that below the surface, maybe you're not actually all that different after all.
Kiva's mission is to connect people through lending. That happens every day through its online lending platform, http://www.kiva.org. But as Kiva Fellows, we have the opportunity to carry out this mission in the field. Sometimes we get to meet with borrowers, but all of us get to connect with the local people where we work and live. We learn about who they are and how they live, and we share a little bit about ourselves as well. And when you find yourself having a good laugh with them, it's a pretty amazing thing.
So, the three months of my fellowship are drawing to a close. It's hard not to get sentimental when I think about leaving behind this beautiful country and the warm, generous people who welcomed me into their homes, their families, and their lives. Some took the time to get to know me, others took the time to share their stories, and others still simply made me feel at home, wherever I was. Many went out of their way to make sure I had a fantastic experience here. Pictured in this blog entry are just some of the wonderful Ticos that I met in Costa Rica.
My time here has been full of adventures, sightseeing, and some notable firsts. Among those have been:
First time seeing toucans. They are too cute for words!
First time riding on a moto, or motorbike, ever. (I think I've gained some street cred in Uganda).
First time seeing dressage. One weekend, I chanced upon a big street party that was complete with cowboys and horses getting their horse ballet on. I thought that was pretty fortuitous, since I had recently learned what this sport was all about (courtesy of Stephen Colbert).
First time eating rice and beans for 90 days straight. I'm talking about the famous typical Costa Rican dish, gallo pinto, which is pretty much what everyone here eats every day for breakfast—and sometimes lunch and dinner, too. OK, so maybe I didn't eat it for all 90 days, but I tell you it was pretty darn close. It's a good thing I like rice and beans!
First time trying sopilote (vulture meat). Ooops, wait! That was chicken and a couple of colleagues trying to trick me.
First time watching the entire Twilight saga. Oh yes I did! (It made for a fun bonding experience, OK?)
But in any new experience, it's always the people you meet who make all the difference. While I love to travel and see new places, I also love the very different experience of living abroad, because that's when you really get to know the locals.
People asked me why I wanted to come to Costa Rica for my fellowship. In fact, it's somewhere I've wanted to go for a long time. I have always been intrigued by this country that constitutionally abolished its army in 1949, thus diverting resources towards health and education for the general population. I was curious about the nation with a long history of ecotourism that today remains one of the world's leaders in environmental protection. I wanted to meet the people who lived in the country that was ranked #1 in the 2012 Happy Planet Index.
So here are some things I've learned:
Ticos are proud of their country and have a strong sense of national identity. The expression Pura Vida (Pure Life) says it all. It's something of a national motto here, but it's more than just words; it's a way of life. It's used here in greetings, as an expression of gratitude or satisfaction, and also to describe something or someone who's generally pretty awesome.
Ticos love to toot their horn. I'm not talking about national pride anymore. I'm talking about the constant beep-beep you will hear as you walk along any road or highway. The pitos (horns) are how Tico drivers communicate, and the beeps can mean very different things. Here's a little guide to help you decipher the various meanings, should you be traveling to Costa Rica anytime soon:
Beep! Hello!
Beep! Hellooooo there, baby.
Beep! Coming through!
Beep beep! You go first!
Beep! Thanks dude!
Beeeeeeeep! I'm stuck in traffic and mildly annoyed.
Beep! I'm bored and tooting my horn is fun!
Beep! Beep! BEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEP!……………….
Ticos love their coffee. As they rightly should: Costa Rican coffee is really good! Even for someone who's more of a tea-aholic, two coffee breaks a day will get you hooked in no time. If you search long and hard, though, you will find some tea aficionados, and you might even chance upon a tea store if you're lucky.
Ticos are incredibly tolerant of rain. I've never seen so much rain in my life! It's true I've been here during the rainy season, but I never thought this kind of rain was possible—where a heavy downpour can last 5 hours, or sometimes even two days. But nobody complains. (The cold is another thing, but it's totally fair game to complain when it's 12oC and windy, given that buildings are not insulated here.)
Costa Rica is largely rural. Like the diminutive Tico suggests, things here are small-scale. Even the bigger city centres are more like large towns. Many Ticos live in rural areas or have some connection to rural life. For example, quite a few people who work in the city commute some distance from a more rural area, or their family might own a finca (a property in the countryside).
And many Ticos and tourists alike are averse to San José, whose metropolitan area has some 2.3 million people. While it may not be the world's most attractive city, the Ticos' dislike for it stems more from the fact that it is a city. I am going to make a bold statement: I like San José. That may be attributed to the great people I met while I was living here, though.
Ticos are quite devout. Costa Rica is fairly homogenous and its population is made up of 70% Catholics and 14% Evangelical Christians. It was interesting trying to explain that my family's roots are Buddhist, since Buddhism, like many other religions, has had limited exposure in Costa Rica.
It was also interesting being introduced as Canadian to new Ticos. Their eyes always said the same thing: You can't fool me. A further explanation of my parents' Japanese origins brought a sort of relief to their faces and often facilitated the conversation that ensued. I was, without a doubt, something of an anomaly to them, although that humoured me more than anything.
The word china means many things in Costa Rica, as it does in other Spanish speaking countries. Hmm… seems like not a lot of thought has gone into the nuances of its meanings. For example:
- China = the country
- china = the language
- china = a Chinese person
- china = any other Asian-looking person
In addition, there is a type of flower called china and porcelain plates are also called china. To add some variety, I tried to make up my own word, chinesa, to describe the language, but I was corrected. Por favor. It's china.
That being said, China (the country) has become Costa Rica's most important ally after the US, as evidenced by the generous gift they sent last year. (A symbol of its former relationship with Taiwan can also be found firmly planted in northern Costa Rica.) So maybe it's good that, as long as they're going to use one generic word to capture all these meanings, that the word be china.
Ticos work hard to get ahead, but that's not always easy. They could use a break. That's why lending through Kiva's partners like EDESA and FUNDECOCA can go a long way. (Stay tuned for FUNDECOCA on www.kiva.org—they're a new partner so their partner page is forthcoming!)
These MFIs are doing a great job of providing opportunities to people in rural areas, where the poverty is often striking, but urban poverty is rampant as well, and sometimes microfinance can overlook this. One of my colleagues pointed out that a person is probably better off being poor in a rural area of Costa Rica, because at least then they can still produce their own food. In the city, on the other hand, if you don't have money you can't survive.
Recently, I had the opportunity to get to know a lady here in a similar situation. While she had a job in the city that gave her enough income to support her family, she was in a position where she could not access credit from the regular banks. As such, her daughters would never have the chance to pursue a better education so that they might someday be able to get ahead. As we chatted, I realized that rarely had I met someone so wise and open-minded. She had a lively curiosity, and she had come to grips with her situation in life with laughter and a positive attitude. She left me with a feeling of admiration mixed with heartache.
Over the past 10 years, I've had the fortune to live and work in 7 different countries, and travel to countless others. Throughout those experiences, I've met friends who come from over 70 countries, and I've come to understand so much about the world thanks to them. Ticos, I've learned, are totally pura vida. And hopefully, they've learned something about me, too, so that the next time they meet someone really different from them, the differences won't be as striking as the similarities are.
Chai Breaks in Odisha & Manipur (Part II)
By Eileen Flannigan | KF19 | India
Eileen and Irene are both fellows in India. Eileen is living in Imphal, Manipur and Irene is in Bhubaneswar, Odisha. While in conversations with one another, we have been struck by how different the cities are. We've compiled these observations to share with you our experiences of the rich and diverse culture of India. Eileen's profiled in Part 2 below, while Irene is featured in Part 1.
Top 3 things that you notice while roaming your neighborhood?
To some degree, Imphal looks like most Indian cities; colorful clothes laid out on riverbeds, vibrant vegetable vendors, cows grazing in busy streets, sidewalk barbers and active "hotels" (i.e. shops) of meat, rice, and tea. However, on closer investigation, my curiosity led me to these:
- Rickshaw drivers in disguise. I was perplexed why most of the rickshaw drivers were covered from head-to-toe with only eyes showing, even on very hot days. I learned that these educated young men were forced to take this job because of the high unemployment in this region. It's considered an act of shame for themselves and their families if their identity was known.
- Men with large guns. Sadly, this has been a hotbed for militancy for decades. At any given moment, I'll see men in combat uniforms jammed into the back of a vehicle or a crew taking a break at a paan shop or a tank slowly cruising down the street with the watchman's bust out the top.
- Kids in uniform. I live right across the street from a primary school and my favorite morning ritual is to watch them all gather with the last bit of wild exuberance before the subdued day ahead. Children arrive scrunched with siblings on bikes, rickshaws, or father's shoulders. Sisters eagerly tie younger one's bows, friends connected by sweet hand holding and boys arm and arm while imitating their favorite cricket bowler.
When you want the "comforts of home" experience, what do you do?
I live with a family that has two young boys, so I've taught them some American card games like Go Fish, Slap Jack and Crazy Eights. On chilly nights we obsessively play with gusto, which always makes me happily nostalgic.
Although, when I'm really longing for home, I head to the best hotel in town to have a cappuccino and baked yogurt, which is a newly delicious discovery that is a cross between a crème brûlée, and American style yogurt. Although I appreciate the ritual and social nuances of chai time, there's nothing like the comforts of a cup of coffee or two, to turn my day around. Added bonus is this cafe plays the most wonderfully bad acoustic remakes of American songs. Depending on my mood, I am either really happy or deeply embarrassed that I now know all the lyrics to Rhinestone Cowboy.
Describe the people and culture in your region.
Manipur is one of the most northeastern states of India, snugly positioned next to Myanmar, formally known as Burma. Almost all states in the northeast have international borders with countries that include Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar and China which has meant a continuous migration of people with strong ethnic identities. The amalgamation of different tribal nations, indigenous traditions, languages and food has left a dynamic imprint on the Manipuri culture. They have a rich arts heritage, however my favorite pastime is the daily theatre of weaved garments whisking by in the streets, with just the right amount of dramatic flair. Most women don't wear saris but a long wrap-around skirt that tell a story of the woman, her home tribe and religious lineage through the intricate patterned design, electrified colors and weave techniques.
I love Indian food and its explosion of spices to awaken an exotic, far-away feeling in me. However, one of my biggest surprises has been with my culinary experiences. It's not your typical Indian fare of masala, cardamom, coriander and the like, with the exclusion of turmeric, spices are used minimally here, if at all. Manipuris smother everything with the king chili (the hottest in the world) and say that "rice is always the main course" with something fermented (fish or bamboo) and possibly dried meat as a side. Thankfully, my host family has been understanding of my western palette and doesn't try to push the king chili on me, as I think we both know it would end badly.
What type of work is common in this region for Kiva borrowers?
I've been awed by the way Kiva borrowers work many different, inter-connected businesses to sustain their livelihoods. There is no main industry to speak of, so the women must find creative ways to bring in little bits of income from many different sources, mostly 4, 5 or even 6 businesses operating at once. The Kiva borrowers, all women, live in remote hill areas with fertile land and weaving skills that start at a very young age and are seeded in deep traditions. They are using these strengths to form business of:
Weaving + Rice Paddy + Garden
All village women will be involved in these three activities. Weaving is done twice daily, at dawn and late night when all the other household chores are completed. Rice harvesting is only once a year and the yield is not only expected to feed the whole family throughout the year but provide a small supplemental income. A majority of families, regardless of income level, have a paddy field that has been pasted down through the generations. In addition, village families will have anything from a kitchen garden to a full farm. In this region, they typically grow potatoes, gooseberries, ginger, turmeric, cabbage, chillies and will use the harvest for family consumption and market sales.
Piggery + Poultry
"Piggeries", as pig farms are known here, can reap a good profit, especially around festival time when the demand is high. Ladies will spend about 8-9 months feeding their pigs from scraps from their garden and rice paddies. In most cases, a woman who is raising pigs will be raising chickens,too. This is because chickens, like pigs, are a home based business and can be sold within 4-6 weeks, allowing the Kiva borrower profit to live and pay back the loan while waiting for the income from the piggery.
Clothing +Tea + Paan+ Variety Stores
The resale of used clothing has provided a good living for Kiva borrowers here because of the high profit margins with less time and hard labor then other activities. In addition, tea stalls, paan shops and variety shops are heavily littered throughout India, but in rural areas they are still viable means to respond to village needs.
What are the main strengths of your MFI and how have you experienced these in the field?
Kiva's partner, WSDS-Initiate, has many strengths that contribute to successfully penetrating the remote regions in the northeast. Manipur has several challenges and complexities that make it difficult for financial institutions to operate. Which of course, compound the effects of social, political, and geographic circumstances by widening the disparities in rural populations by financial exclusion. WSDS- Initiate, has a long history of working in this area, not only in a financial role but a social services capacity and understands the ethnic conflicts and nuances needed to work with many different tribal communities. They operate with an inclusive approach that tribal harmony and peace-building is pivotal to the regions long-term growth. Therefore, they work with the three major tribes (Kuki, Naga & Meitei) in remote and sometimes dangerous regions with a needs-based approach to financial inclusion. This includes, not only providing loans, but financial training and savings education. I've personally met hundreds of WSDS clients, in several villages and have witnessed how they work to financially include and educate all women, even those that are considered "too high risk", such as widows, women over 55 years old and those with little collateral.
In addition, I've been particularly inspired by how they continue to strive to make a social impact in this region, which isn't easy. They have partnered with organizations that are using innovative ways of enhancing their client's livelihood activities by enabling them to get better access to solar power, education, agriculture and forestry projects that benefit the whole community. It's clear that WSDS's investment in these villages are holistic with the overarching driving principle of poverty alleviation.
Eileen Flannigan is a Kiva fellow (19th class) serving in Manipur, India with the micro finance organization, WSDS Initiate. Support our Indian partners here, join the Indian lending team, WSDS lending team or get a holiday gift card for someone special!
Chai Breaks in Odisha & Manipur (Part I)
Eileen and Irene are both fellows in India. Eileen is living in Imphal, Manipur and Irene is in Bhubaneswar, Odisha. While in conversations with one another, we have been struck by how different the cities are. We've compiled these observations to share with you our experiences of the rich and diverse culture of India. In Part I, we start with Irene in Odisha and continue with Eileen in Part 2.
Top 3 things that you always notice while roaming your neighborhood…
Continue Reading 29 November 2012 at 11:00 irenehfung 1 comment


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Welcome to the SEAS Community!
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April 21, 2016 | Video
Here's a behind-the-scenes look at EzFlow's HD Acrylic ad campaign.
April 15, 2016 | News
NAILS editor Sigourney Nuñez will serve on the Certification Committee for INTA's new Accreditation & Certification Program for nail technicians
April 14, 2016 | Article
Last night, China Glaze teamed up with designer Stacey Bendet for a festival fashion show featuring her label, Alice + Olivia.
April 8, 2016 | Video
As seen on Periscope: Cuccio global education director Marilyn Garcia demonstrates how to use Cuccio Veneer 3-D Design Powder and Cuccio Colour Veneer gel-polishes to create custom colored acrylic you can use to execute 3-D nail art. In this video narrated in English and Spanish, Garcia creates a cupcake design. Follow us on Periscope (@nailsmag) for a behind-the-scenes look into our world.
April 8, 2016 | News
As the winner of NAILS' Giveaway Until the Ball Drops grand prize, Thereasa Rinehart received a Simplicity LE (Luxury Edition) Pedicure Spa and Technician's Chair from Continuum Pedicure Spas valued at $3,550.
April 1, 2016 | Video
This tutorial shows the best hand positions to show off your nail art. Show us your best #nailfie!
March 31, 2016 | Demo
Naturally Brilliant: The NAILS April 2016 cover is a captivating blend of stone and wild garden elements atop a natural nail thanks to nail artist Julie Ventura.
March 28, 2016 | Video
NAILS Next Top Nail Artist Season 3's Top 3 finalists Celina Rydén, Sarah Elmaz, and Winnie Huang flew into Chicago for this Q&A, held at America's Beauty Show, and the NTNA Grand Finale. Judges votes combined with public votes on their final challenge nails (see them here: http://www.nailsmag.com/ntna2015) along with their answers were all factored in to determine the winner.
March 28, 2016 | Article
Instagram is changing its algorithm. Here's how to stay in the know.
March 24, 2016 | News
Stay tuned for "Claws" on TNT.
March 21, 2016 | Video
Robert Cromeans endorses Cuccio Butter Blend in this TV spot that aired during Global Beauty Masters on TLC.
March 17, 2016 | Photo Gallery
Beauty Changes Lives held its fourth annual event following the first day of ABS Chicago. The BCL Experience was titled Shout Your Beauty and featured NextGen artists walking the runway with their models at Chicago's Soldier Field.
March 16, 2016 | Article
America's Beauty Show dedicated a large section of the show floor to the Nails Central. NAILS editors interviewed some key exhibitors to find out what's flying off the shelves.
March 15, 2016 | Photo Gallery
Hundreds celebrated as Winnie Huang was crowned this year's winner in a gala on March 13, 2016 at ROOF on theWit.
The event held at McCormick Place West in downtown Chicago also presented its first Nails Central, a hub packed with suppliers, educators, and demos.
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- About Donna
About Donna
Donna is a writer, TV Presenter, Public Speaker and PA to Helena Bonham Carter, Rachel Weisz and Sir Derek Jacobi.
Donna's Book AVAILABLE NOW!
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Recent Posts
- The Home Office Is Disappearing—What's Taking Its Place?
- This article originally appeared on Realtor.com. As more and more people work remotely, it turns out that "working from home" is becoming less about actually working from the actual home. By Margaret Heidenry Geber86/iStock I work from home. Not a … Continue reading → The post The Home Office Is Disappearing—What's Taking Its Place? appeared first on Donna Coulling.
- Personal Productivity
- After seeing the spoof BBC video of how a working mum would have dealt with the invasion of her kids during a live TV interview, it got me thinking about my own personal productivity. I think PA's are natural jugglers; … Continue reading → The post Personal Productivity appeared first on Donna Coulling.
- Viral 'BBC Dad' Gets Upfront on the Realities of Parenting
- This article was originally posted on Inquirer.net By Olivia Estrada Robert E. Kelly, also known as "BBC Dad" gave a press conference at Pusan National University on life after becoming an Internet sensation. Robert, an expert on Korean politics, got his … Continue reading → The post Viral 'BBC Dad' Gets Upfront on the Realities of Parenting appeared first on Donna Coulling.
- Restaurant Review – Greens – Didsbury, Greater Manchester
- Ali of Team DC found herself hungry in Manchester, here's what she found: Trendy Didsbury in Manchester has a street of tempting, laid-back cafes with attractive, artsy punters enjoying their late lunches on a Saturday afternoon. Shuffling along in t-shirt and jeans, I hope … Continue reading → The post Restaurant Review – Greens – Didsbury, Greater Manchester appeared first on Donna Coulling.
- To Freelance or not Freelance
- That is the question I get asked a lot when I'm coaching or giving a talk. It's a risky business being freelance and doesn't suit everyone but I love it. Maybe it's the old actor gypsy in me of having … Continue reading → The post To Freelance or not Freelance appeared first on Donna Coulling.
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Tag Archives: healthy
Shift That Christmas Belly with a Fat Little Bowl of Goodness
So, the Christmas binging is over and you want to lose that stone that you've put on. Enter the Buddha Bowl – a bowl full to the brim of nourishing grains, raw or cooked veggies, healthy fat, lean protein and … Continue reading
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Roasted Yam and Kale Salad
Prep: 20 mins Cook: 20 mins Serves: 6 Ingredients: 2 jewel yams, cut into 1-inch cubes 2 tablespoons olive oil salt and freshly ground black pepper to taste 1 tablespoon olive oil 1 onion, sliced 3 cloves garlic, minced 1 … Continue reading
The Brain Booster Smoothie
With the summer holiday coming to an end, we all could use some help getting back into the swing of things. This yummy smoothie will fill you up in the morning and provide you with the necessary ingredients to help … Continue reading
Stuffed Peppers on the Barbie
Mary Cadogan's clever bbq recipe will impress all of your friends and family and have them coming back for more. Serves 6
Carrot & Sesame burgers
Burgers are always a barbecue staple, and these sesame-scented ones can be dressed up or down. Serves 6 Ingredients 750g carrots, peeled and grated 410g can chickpeas, drained and rinsed 1 small onion, roughly chopped 2 tbsp tahini paste, plus … Continue reading


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Living with Dormice : The Common Dormouse, Real Rodent or Phantom of the Ancient Wood Paperback
by Sue Eden
The dormouse is one of the least seen but most loved of British animals.
Much has been written about dormice in the past few years, but they have always been portrayed as rare animals with specialised food requirements found only in large ancient woodlands.
Sue Eden was therefore surprised to find them nesting in the coastal scrub of her new garden.
Her many years of ensuing research have led her to the conclusion that the dormouse is in reality a widespread, tough, opportunistic omnivore that appears just as at home in low coastal scrub and conifer plantations.Dormice are difficult animals to study because they are so elusive.
Dr Eden's research, harking back to natural history observation as it was in Victorian times, has led her to the conclusion that dormice are not specialist animals restricted to specific habitats; they do not have exacting habitat requirements; are exceptionally versatile and resourceful; and are widespread in England in all arboreal habitats.
This fascinating new research, and the photographs that accompany it will be an inspiration in search for this appealing creature.
- Format: Paperback
- Pages: 144 pages, col. Illustrations
- Publisher: Papadakis
- Publication Date: 04/05/2009
- Category: Wildlife: general interest


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Learn about this topic in these articles:
...colony. It was rejoined administratively to the Leewards in 1883 and remained thus until 1940, when it was transferred to the Windward Islands as a separate colony. In 1958 Dominica joined the
West Indies Federation. After that organization was dissolved in 1962, discussions for alternative forms of federation took place. Those issues were settled when the British government passed the...
Grenada was headquarters of the British Windward Islands government from 1885 until 1958, when Grenada joined the
West Indies Federation. The federation ended in 1962, after which Grenada attempted to federate with the remaining territories in the Windward Islands, as well as with Barbados and the Leeward Islands. On March 3, 1967, however, the island became a self-governing state in...
In 1958 Jamaica became a founding member of the
West Indies Federation, a group of Caribbean islands that formed a unit within the Commonwealth. Norman Manley, leader of the People's National Party (PNP), became premier after the elections of July 1959, but in 1960 the Jamaica Labour Party (JLP) under Sir Alexander Bustamante pressed for secession from the federation. A referendum in 1961...


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Dynamic Plaques - FVT Plaques FVT Plaques is introducing new dynamic plaques to recognize police and sheriff's...
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Ari Vidali
CEO and Founder of Envisage Technologies
Ari is involved in building next-generation training systems, cloud-based learning, records management, automation of high-liability training operations, and pervasive readiness technologies. He is a committee member of the National Congress for Secure Communities and an advisory board member of IADLEST. He has consulted for Federal Agencies, Homeland Security, Public Safety, Military, and Law Enforcement on technology, security, legally defensible records, compliance, and training.
Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab, the so-called "underwear bomber," has been sentenced to life in prison after pleading guilty to the attempted bombing of Northwest Airlines Flight 253 on Christmas Day 2009.
The sentence was handed down by U.S. District Court Judge Nancy G. Edmunds in Detroit.
Abdulmutallab, 25, of Kaduna, Nigeria, pleaded guilty on Oct. 12, 2011, to conspiracy to commit an act of terrorism transcending national boundaries; attempted murder within the special aircraft jurisdiction of the United States; willfully placing a destructive device on an aircraft, which was likely to have endangered the safety of the aircraft; attempted use of a weapon of mass destruction; willfully attempting to destroy and wreck a civil aircraft; and three counts of possession of a destructive device in furtherance of a crime of violence.
"As this investigation and prosecution have shown, Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab is a remorseless terrorist who believes it is his duty to kill Americans," said Attorney General Eric Holder in a statement. "For attempting to take the lives of 289 innocent people, he has been appropriately sentenced to serve every day of the rest of his life in prison."
In August 2009, Abdulmutallab traveled to Yemen to become involved in violent "jihad" on behalf of al Qaeda. There, he conspired with other al Qaeda members to bomb a U.S. aircraft over U.S. soil and received an explosive device for that purpose. Abdulmutallab traveled with the bomb concealed in his underwear from Yemen to Africa and then to Amsterdam, the Netherlands, where he boarded Flight 253 on Christmas Day 2009. The bomb contained PETN and TATP, two high explosives, and was designed to be detonated with a syringe containing other chemicals.
Abdulmutallab's purpose in taking the bomb on board Flight 253 was to detonate it during flight, causing the plane to crash and killing the 290 passengers and crew members on board. As Flight 253 was on descent into Detroit Metropolitan Airport, the defendant detonated the bomb, which resulted in a fire, but otherwise did not fully explode. Passengers and flight attendants tackled the defendant and extinguished the fire.
Fed Cop @ 2/21/2012 7:39 AM
"...the defendant detonated the bomb..." umm, when the bomb detonates, it blows up. That's High Explosives 101. He tried to detonate it, but only caught himself on fire. A detonation goes "Boom!"


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That's really pretty Sarah. I like the effect you have on it, like an aged photo.
What! No birds!
Beautiful. Evokes a dreamy brooding atmosphere and I love the blossoms.
Very interesting treatment of the photo Sarah, it feels like an old memory, faded over time and a bit sketchy. Wonderful!
very beautiful…love it
Great overall effect with this image. Beautiful. Looks the part of an old 1930's image – recoloured, retouched. Brilliant.
wonderful build up of imagery and layers – love this so much… has so much textural depth to it… brillaint style Sarah!
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Passion can fuel you.
And relationship can be the most epic adventure.
Sure, life's not always a smooth ride, but you have the power to drive your experiences with confident ease. Why get stuck or settle for less, when you have so much potential?
Leo BuscagliaLove is life. And if you miss love, you miss life.
Helen KellerLife is either a daring adventure or nothing.
RumiSet your life on fire. Seek those who fan your flames.
It's one of those fundamental polarities. The pull toward total freedom; unrestricted and empowered.
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I'll help you map out the way forward
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Hypnosis in Melbourne
Break Bad Habits in 75 Minutes! $75 for a Hypnotherapy & NLP Session with Unlimited Follow-Up Phone Support and a Take-Home MP3 (Valued at $395). Quit Smoking, Work on Weight Loss and More!
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Change your life today with Hypnosis in Melbourne
75 minute hypnotherapy session for $75 (valued at $395)
Treat bad habits, quit smoking or shake off kilos to lead a healthier lifestyle
Includes unlimited follow-up phone support
Enjoy a take home MP3 for further calming effects
Two locations - St Kilda and Port Melbourne
Available weekdays 10:00am-6:00pm (after-hours and Sundays may be available by appointment)
Bad habits are hard to kick - but just wait 'til you try hypnosis. It works to help you free yourself from limiting beliefs and change ingrained attitudes - which then help you to shake off kilos, deal with traumas and phobias, get over past relationships, break destructive patterns and achieve goals. We know you'll be in the safest of hands when you head to Hypnosis in Melbourne for your very own session.
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What We Like
Great alternative to pharmaceutical medicine and surgical treatments - why put your body through that when you can achieve your goals by empowering your mind?
Sam Javed is government accredited hypnotherapist with qualifications from the Academy of Hypnotic Science in Melbourne
Check out all the details by clicking on the 'Fine Print' tab above
The Fine Print
Offer expires on 1 July 2016
We strongly encourage bookings to be made by 17 June 2016. Bookings after this date cannot be guaranteed. If there are no available bookings after 17 June 2016, simply contact our Customer Support Team before 1 July 2016 and you will be entitled to a full credit back to your account
Bookings are essential and subject to availability
Valid for redemption Monday to Friday 10am-6pm. After-hours and Sundays may be available by appointment
Voucher valid for one person and must be used in one visit
Members can use one voucher for themselves and purchase up to five vouchers as gifts for different recipients
Maximum one voucher per person
Valid at St Kilda and Port Melbourne locations only
Unlimited phone support available
24 hour cancellation policy applies, non-attendance and late cancellation voids voucher. Late arrival will shorten treatment time
Not valid in conjunction with any other offer and not redeemable for cash
Redemption instructions can be found on your voucher
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2-29 Eildon Road, St Kilda, VIC 3182
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Categories: | Restaurants, Rehearsal Lunch/Dinner, Reception Sites |
Address: |
555 Kaukahi Street Kihei, HI, United States |
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2 descriptions 4 weddings Add Your Review > |
1 rating
Maui Hawaii Wedding In September
"Island's most spectacular sunset view! ($$$)"
Chris and Thanh's Wedding
"We had the entire restaurant reserved for the reception, since we wanted our guests to be able to enjoy and walk around the beautiful garden while mingling and drinking cocktails. I couldn't really hear the music playing from the speakers, but no big deal as my husband I were too busy to really notice. One minor thing that I didn't like about having the wedding there was that we couldn't have a loud party, i.e. no club music. Because the restaurant is surrounded by hotel residences we were not allow to play certain types of music, that also means that the party has to end at 10 pm. For us that meant we were not able to fit in any time for dancing. However, it is a great place if you are looking to spend an intimate evening with family and friends and enjoy awesome views of the ocean and sunset. Not to sound cliche, but the food was superb and the chef and staff were friendly and wonderful to work with. All of our guests tell us how much they enjoyed everything. I'd HIGHLY recommend this restaurant. Oh, and you must try their creme brulee deserts."


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Catering and Wedding Event Planning in Maryland with Leiters' Fine CateringFamily-owned and operated, Leiters' Fine Catering is a leading full-service event planning company that has been serving Washington County, Frederick & Hagerstown Maryland as well as neighboring areas in Virginia, West Virginia, Pennsylvania and beyond for more than forty years. We can expertly design all aspects of your event to fit your unique vision – from corporate event planning and gatherings to elegant wedding event planning. Our customizable menus feature homemade foods that are expertly prepared using only the freshest ingredients. Leiters' Fine Catering is more than just a catering company. We are a full-service event planning company dedicated to making every piece of your special day a success. So relax – it's our pleasure to serve you. We would welcome the opportunity to earn your trust and deliver you the best service in the industry. |
Leiters' Fine Catering has over forty years of experience in corporate event planning .


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splash outdoor pool
Wind down after a workout or just take a quiet timeout for yourself at splash, Aloft Las Colinas's refreshing outdoor pool. It's great for a leisurely swim—or even some poolside email catch-up, thanks to free wireless Internet service. Early birds and night owls equally welcome, with hours from 6am to 11pm.


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Yaqub Memon Hanged due Conviction of Plotting Mumbai Bomb Attack in 1993
NEW DELHI: Yakub Memon convicted as 1993 Mumbai Bomb plotter was hanged in Nagpur jail on Thursday morning when his clemency plea was rejected both by Indian President and the Indian supreme court.
Lawyers and activists had petitioned on behalf of Memon to Chief Justice HL Dattu after Indian President Pranab Mukherjee had rejected a clemency plea late on Wednesday.
In an unprecedented move, a three-member bench of the Indian supreme court met within the court at 3am to hear arguments from Memon's lawyers and the state on delaying his execution.
His lawyers had argued that executions can only to be carried out after seven days have passed following the rejection of a mercy petition. But in the pre-dawn hearing, the court ruled that because his first mercy petition had been rejected last year, the execution met the required rules.
Ruling that a "stay of (the) death warrant could be a travesty of justice", the court said that Memon had "ample time after (the) rejection of first mercy petition to prepare himself for the last and final meeting with family members and for all other purposes", the PTI news agency reported.
Anand Grover, who was among the group who petitioned on Memon's behalf, condemned the supreme court's decision, however, terming it as a "tragic mistake and a tragic decision".
The failure of the 11th hour appeals mean Memon will be hanged on his 53rd birthday in Nagpur in the western state of Maharashtra.
Memon was convicted of plotting a series of coordinated bomb attacks in India's commercial capital Mumbai in 1993 that killed 257 people, the deadliest attacks ever to hit the country.
Authorities in Nagpur have barred people from assembling outside the jail and beefed up security in sensitive areas in Mumbai. He is expected to be hanged between 6:30-7:00am.
Memon was the only one of 11 people convicted to have his death sentence upheld on appeal.
Yakub Memon to be buried in Mumbai
Yakub Memon is likely to be buried at the Marine Lines Muslim Cemetery in Mumbai, The Economic Times reported.
After the hanging was carried out and all other formalities completed, authorities handed over Memon's body to his family and it will now be brought back to Mumbai, where security has been beefed up in order to tackle any possible street protests.
According to reports, Memon's father Abdul Razzak, along with some other family members who passed away earlier, were buried in the Chananwadi Muslim cemetery, which is where Memon will be laid to rest.
"Security has been reviewed and tightened in and around the Chandanwadi Muslim cemetery. We are doing our job," a senior police officer said.
Indian president rejects clemency for 1993 bombings plotter Yakub Memon
India's president on Wednesday rejected a last-ditch plea to stay the execution of Yakub Memon for his role in the country's worst ever attack, Press Trust of India reported.
President Pranab Mukherjee rejected his petition for clemency just hours after the Supreme Court in New Delhi ruled that he should die for his role in attacks that killed hundreds of people in Mumbai in 1993.
Shortly after lawyers for Memon, the only one of 11 people convicted to have his death sentence upheld on appeal, and activists met with India's chief justice to ask for a 14-day delay, local media reported.
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Buy Together
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Product Description
- Peak Value: 125dB
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5-Pack PocketBac Sanitizers
Must-Have Favorites
1 fl oz / 29 mL Each
Goodbye germs, hello fragrance! 5 of our must-have scents kill germs while conditioning hands with Aloe & Vitamin E. Plus, the pocket-friendly design makes it easy to keep hands soft & clean wherever you go.
- Includes Warm Vanilla Sugar, Eucalyptus Tea, French Lavender, Cucumber Melon, Beautiful Day
- Don't forget to add a cute holder!
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incl. VAT | £9.84 |
excl. VAT | £8.20 |
Practical wallet Euro Wallet Tatonka outdoor brands to take advantage of casual wear for traveling. Seamlessly accommodate all your notes, business cards, cards, and of course money.Banknotes save the spacious interior pocket for coins is reserved for closing compartment on the back of your wallet. Everything so simply and clearly organize.
Closing of the wallet with Velcro and delight you also compact dimensions of 10 × 14 × 2 cm. The big advantage is its low weight of just 70 grams. As main material was used 450 HD Polyoxford, a soft polyester fabric resembling favorite Oxford cloth. Tatonka time relies on a simple design in blue with the logo on the front wallet.
Specifications can be changed without notice. Images are for illustrative purposes only. Retail Price (MSRP) means the manufacturer's/supplier's suggested retail price.
Link to Manufacturer's Website: Enter link to the external review


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The University of Central Florida is committed to providing all students with equitable access to the best possible opportunities for academic success. Resources to support faculty in creating accessible course material can be found in Provost memo which can be found here. UCF's Office of Student Accessibility Services (SAS) works with faculty members on a regular basis to facilitate accommodations, but as more faculty members innovate to incorporate web-based media into their online and face-to-face classes, we must be diligent to ensure that accessibility remains a top priority.
As per the recommendations of Universal Design for Learning, faculty members are encouraged to design accessible courses from the outset. Faculty members should also work actively with SAS, CDL, and FCTL upon notification of specific course accessibility and specific student accessibility needs for a given course. If you have any questions, please contact Adam Meyer, director of Student Accessibility Services, by calling 407-823-2371 or by e-mailing email@example.com. To acccess SAS forms (Test Request Form, Accommodation Letter Request Form, Report a Physical Access Barrier, etc.), go to: http://sas.sdes.ucf.edu/forms
To ensure the accessibility of instructional resources used in your classes, SAS also provides a list of questions to ask when selecting course textbooks and supplemental materials.
Resource | Description | Website |
Student Accessibility Services (SAS) | UCF Student Accessibility Services considers accessibility and inclusion paramount. SAS provides resources for students and faculty members including perspective on inclusive language, assistive technology guidance, accommodated testing, the Accommodation Letter Request Form, and the Reoprt a Physical Access Barrier Form. SAS coordinates with the Center for Distributed Learning for captioning and provides consultation on making audio or video components accessible. | http://sas.sdes.ucf.edu/ |
Center for Distributed Learning (CDL) | The Center for Distributed Learning provides assistance in accessing and managing new technologies for online courses, including tools for navigating and implementing assistive technology and accessible online course materials. CDL can help caption videos from provided transcripts and develop text-based materials that are accessible for students who are visually impaired. They provide guidelines and support for making online media accessible. They will consult with faculty members on accessibility strategies during course development (such as ensuring the use of ALT tags on images) and course delivery (such as methods to allow extra time during assessments for students with learning disabilities). Online faculty members should work directly with their assigned instructional designer to access support resources and may contact Online@UCF Support for appropriate routing or direct assistance by calling 407-823-0407 or by e-mailing firstname.lastname@example.com | http://online.ucf.edu/support |
Teaching Online | At UCF we aim to make courses and materials as accessible as possible. The Teaching Online website offers a page concerning Accessibility Tips; this page allows you to see how to make course materials as accessible as possible. The Teaching Online Website also offers a letter from the Provost concerning how to make all course materials ADA compliant. This website provides insight into making materials accessible such as, Text Formatting, Document Organizing, Audio/Video, PPT, PDF, Navigation Links, and Tables. | http://online.ucf.edu/teach-online/develop/accessibility/ |
Faculty Center for Teaching and Learning (FCTL) | The Faculty Center for Teaching and Learning can advise faculty members regarding the design and creation of course materials and implementation of teaching strategies that will accommodate differences among students. FCTL offers workshops and one-on-one consultations for faculty members. FCTL's video production page details how to accommodate students using closed captions for narrated videos. FCTL's video content page contains links to video resources with associated closed captions or transcripts. FCTL's syllabus page contains sample statements to help with planning a course and building a syllabus. Among those statements is suggested language to reinforce UCF's stance on universal accessibility for students. Contact FCTL by calling 407-823-3544 or by e-mailing firstname.lastname@example.com. | http://fctl.ucf.edu/ |
Student Development and Enrollment Services (SDES) | At UCF we offer many resources that will assist in making the classroom as inclusive and accessible as possible. SDES oversees departments such as SAS, CAPS, Career Services, First Year Advising and Exploration, Office of Student Involvement and much more. SDES is a centralized resource that can provide specialized assistance and works in collaboration with its many departments to provide the best resources and services possible to faculty and students. |
http://www.sdes.ucf.edu/ |
Counseling and Psychological Services (CAPS) | Counseling and Psychological Services provides many resources on the UCF campus for both students and faculty. CAPS provides free counseling and services to all enrolled UCF students and encourages faculty to recommend CAPS as a resource as they see fit, understanding that students may feel more comfortable confiding in faculty members than counselors. CAPS is well versed in culturally sensitive practices and counseling and prides itself in being a diverse and inclusive agency dedicated to working with faculty to help students succeed in the classroom. |
http://caps.sdes.ucf.edu/ |
Multicultural Student Center (MSC) | UCF's Multicultural Student Center is a place that faculty can recommend that students be a part of as a way to raise awareness about the importance of diversity and inclusion. The MSC provides many activities and events that promote diversity on the UCF campus, and it would be of benefit to faculty and students to become involved and aware of activities, events, and resources. | http://msc.sdes.ucf.edu/ |
Just Knights Response Team (JKRT) | UCF has created the Just Knights Response Team in the event that a faculty member or student witnesses an injustice on campus. The JKRT has partnerships with the proper organizations that deal with crimes against students or staff. The JKRT provides forms and intervention in the occasion that an injustice has occurred. | http://jkrt.sdes.ucf.edu/about |
Office of Student Involvement (OSI) | The Office of Student Involvement is a great resource for faculty to recommend to all students because of its inclusive nature and the vast array of programs it provides for students. The OSI makes sure that all of their events and services are accessible, providing assistive technology and all written materials in braille. | http://osi.ucf.edu/ |
Student Academic Resource Center (SARC) | The UCF Student Academic Resource Center is equipped with faculty, staff and students dedicated to providing assistance for all students in need of extra help. SARC provides tutoring, academic advising, retention programs and supplemental instruction. SARC is an excellent resource for students; it is recommended that faculty endorse SARC as a means for student academic improvement. | http://sarc.sdes.ucf.edu/ |
Career Services | UCF offers students the ability to become more marketable in their career search by visiting Career Services. Career Services offers specialized help to students seeking immediate employment as well as employment after graduation. Faculty members are encouraged to recommend Career Services as a means of help to students that may need assistance looking for a career after graduation. Career Services offers many services including mock interviews, resume/CV help, and a list of possible employment opportunities. | http://career.sdes.ucf.edu/ |
The MIT Video Series is a panel of students that attend and have attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and identify as a student with a disability. These students shed light on issues surrounding accessibility, culture and inclusion. This video provides insight on how to better help a student in a course that requires accommodations.
The California State University school system has provided a video series entitled, "From Where I Sit" depicting students that identify as having a disability and how they imagine faculty members better serving themselves as well as other students that may be facing some challenges in the higher education environment. This video provides a transcript of faculty responses that may help in designing accessible course materials.
Thomas Wu
College of Engineering and Computer Science
is both challenging and fascinating to be a teacher. In all the courses I teach,
I set high standards for myself and prepare carefully for each lecture. Besides
teaching technical materials, I train students to have the capabilities to: think
critically and analytically; work
hard and inno...
J. Blake Scott
College of Arts and Sciences
Teachingis what sustains me as an academic. It fuels and, in turn, is fueled by myresearch in rhetoric, which emphasizes civic action, and by my communityservice. Some of the hallmarks of service-learning—active learning, problemsolving, critical reflection, and civic engagement—guide my overal...
Peter Larson
College of Arts & Humanities
My foundation derives from the liberal arts tradition: knowledge of a specific subject provides the greatest benefit when part of a well-rounded educational experience. Regarding History in general, my emphasis is on learning to think historically: going beyond a simple "what happened?" to question cau...


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17.30 - 19.30 - 7th Floor bar UNESCO Catch up with old colleagues and friends and meet new ones and enjoy drinks and canapes at UNESCO in the bar area of the 7th floor with panoramic views over Paris and the best view of the Eiffel Tower in Paris!
19.00 - 22.00 The conference dinner will be held aboard the Bateaux Mouche boat "Le Zouave". Your chance to Cruise the river Seine on the scenic windowed boat and enjoy a 4- course dinner, wine and fine views of many of Paris' monuments! Maybe you will dance or just be mesmerised by the wonderful views of Paris by Night. Cost = Euro 150 inclusive of cruise, 4-course dinner with wine/soft drinks and entertainment.TICKETS MUST BE PURCHASED AHEAD OF TIME AND BY 14TH MAY AT THE LATEST. WE ARE UNABLE TO BOOK DINNER TICKETS DURING THE MEETING!
You can choose to buy a dinner ticket (or more) during the process of registration - it will be listed as an extra after the accommodation section.


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Today called Battle Abbey. Someone made a font from a Dover reprint of this alphabet—Rob Anderson, I think. There is no coyright statement on the font, which was probably originally a PostScript Type 1 font converted to TrueType. I don't think the readme in the zip file corresponds to it exactly.
Get unwatermarked version
Buy print-size file for commercial use
Request non-commercial copy


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RedR Australia relieves suffering in disasters by selecting, training and providing competent and committed personnel to humanitarian relief agencies worldwide
Latest News
One Year On - Tropical Cyclone Winston in Fiji
This month marks the first anniversary since Tropical Cyclone Winston ravaged the islands of Fiji, affecting more than a third of the population. The worst cyclone ever recorded in the region, the Category 5 cyclone had winds of up to 230kmph that gusted at 325kmpm. Forty three people were killed and 54,000 sought shelter in evacuation centres in the day's following the destruction.
With support from the Australian Government and a public appeal for donations, RedR sent 12 experts to work with our United Nations partners in Suva. They helped coordinate the initial relief effort and the use of military assets to distribute much needed aid to the outer islands; communicated with disaster-affected communities to ensure their voice was heard by responders, mapped vital information on health risks and damaged heath infrastructure and procured and distributed shelter materials. You can read more on our response here.
As a result of the learnings from Cyclone Winston, we have recently deployed four experts to capacity build local efforts towards emergency preparedness in Fiji. They include two ICT officers, a protection specialist and a civil-military coordinator. Three of them are currently in Suva.


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Research Support Assistant
Mechanics Of Membrane Scission By The ESCRT-III
University of Bristol - School of Biochemistry
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To see more employment opportunities with University of Bristol, please click here.
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[Digital Devices] - [Mobile Phone & Accessories] - [Other Mobile Phone Accessories] |
7200 mAh S72 Solar Energy Chargers for Mobile Phones |
Basic Info.Model NO.: for mobile Phone MP4/ PSP/ NDS Type: Travel Power Source: Solar Quick Charging Function: With Quick Charging Function Color: Yellow&Black Socket Type: USB Model Nunmber: S72 Price: Factory Price Delivery: Fast Delivery Quality: High Quality Available Set: Solar Chargers Capicity: 7200mAh Design: Best Design Export Markets: Global Additional Info.Trademark: Anyfine Packing: Box Gift Standard: Brand new, original Origin: Guangdong, China Production Capacity: 1000/ Week Product Description 7200 mAh S72 solar energy chargers for mobile phones: Specification: High capacity of 7200mAh Solar energy and efficient solar charger circuit A wide range of output voltage: 9V, 12V, 16V With DC and USB output sockets for different devices Multiple safety protection system to ensure devices safety: Protection For overcharge, overvoltage, overcurrent and short circuit The smart LED display of remaining power Fit for Notebook iPad Samsung Galaxy Tab iPhone mobile PHONE MP3/ MP4 PSP/ NDS Feature: 1, Quality level: 100% brand new quality. 2, Product color: black, white 3, MOQ: 5pcs per model; 4, Packaging: Each solar chargers in a opp package, customized package is available. 5, Payment Terms: T/ T, Western Union, Moneygram, HSBC 6, Lead time: For small order, within 3 days after payment; For big regular order, within 5 days after payment. Payment Terms paypal only for items without brand logo. Shipping Ways If big order, we suggest you by air or by sea About ANYFINE Anyfine Indus Limited is a leading company of exporting mobile phones, mobile phone accessories and spare parts in China. Our factory Being in this are for more than 8 years. Anyfine can provide the competitive price, quality and excellent service to customers Contact us: Company Name: ANYFINE INDUS LIMITED Company Add: Room 104, NO. 148-1, BingJiang Road, HaiZhu District. Guangzhou, Guangdong, China Office phone number: 86-20-81689242 |