text:
This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages)
(Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Togolese Republic République togolaise
Location of Togo (dark blue)
– in Africa (light blue & dark grey) |
Capital and largest city |
Lomé 6°7′N 1°13′E / 6.117°N 1.217°E |
Official languages | French | ||||
Recognised national languages | Ewe, Kabiyé | ||||
Vernacular languages |
Ethnic groups |
Ewe, Kabye, Tem, Gourma
Demonym | Togolese | ||||
Government | Presidential republic | ||||
Faure Gnassingbé | |||||
Komi Sélom Klassou | |||||
Legislature | National Assembly | ||||
Independence | |||||
• from France
27 April 1960 | ||||
Area | |||||
• Total
56,785 km2 (21,925 sq mi) (125th) | ||||
• Water (%)
4.2 | ||||
Population | |||||
• 2015 estimate
7,552,318[2][3] (100th) | ||||
• 2010 census
5,337,000 | ||||
• Density
125.9/km2 (326.1/sq mi) (93rde) | ||||
GDP (PPP) | 2016 estimate | ||||
• Total
$11.558 billion[4] (150th) | ||||
• Per capita
$1,567[4] | ||||
GDP (nominal) | 2016 estimate | ||||
• Total
$4.499 billion[4] | ||||
• Per capita
$610[4] | ||||
Gini (2011) | 46[5] high |
HDI (2015) | 0.487[6] low · 166th |
Currency | CFA franc (XOF) | ||||
Time zone | GMT (UTC+0) | ||||
Drives on the | right | ||||
Calling code | +228 | ||||
ISO 3166 code | TG | ||||
Internet TLD | .tg | ||||
Togo (i/ˈtoʊɡoʊ/), officially the Togolese Republic (French: République togolaise), is a country in West Africa bordered by Ghana to the west, Benin to the east and Burkina Faso to the north. It extends south to the Gulf of Guinea, where its capital Lomé is located. Togo covers 57,000 square kilometres (22,008 square miles), making it one of the smallest countries in Africa, with a population of approximately 7.5 million.[7]
From the 11th to the 16th century, various tribes entered the region from all directions. From the 16th century to the 18th century, the coastal region was a major trading center for Europeans to search for slaves, earning Togo and the surrounding region the name "The Slave Coast". In 1884, Germany declared Togoland a protectorate. After World War I, rule over Togo was transferred to France. Togo gained its independence from France in 1960.[2] In 1967, Gnassingbé Eyadéma led a successful military coup d'état after which he became president. At the time of his death in 2005, Gnassingbé was the longest-serving leader in modern African history, after having been president for 38 years.[8] In 2005, his son Faure Gnassingbé was elected president.
Togo is a tropical, sub-Saharan nation, highly dependent on agriculture, with a climate that provides good growing seasons. The official language is French, with many other languages spoken in Togo, particularly those of the Gbe family. The largest religious group in Togo consists of those with indigenous beliefs, and there are significant Christian and Muslim minorities. Togo is a member of the United Nations, African Union, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone, La Francophonie and Economic Community of West African States.
Archaeological finds indicate that ancient tribes were able to produce pottery and process iron. That name Togo is translated from Ewe language language as "land where lagoons lie". Not much is known of the period before arrival of the Portuguese in 1490. During the period from the 11th century to the 16th century, various tribes entered the region from all directions: the Ewé from the east, and the Mina and Guin from the west. Most of them settled in coastal areas.
The slave trade began in the 16th century, and for the next two hundred years the coastal region was a major trading centre for Europeans in search of slaves, earning Togo and the surrounding region the name "The Slave Coast".
Colonial era (1884–1960)[edit]
In 1884, a treaty was signed at Togoville with the King Mlapa III, whereby Germany claimed a protectorate over a stretch of territory along the coast and gradually extended its control inland. Its borders were defined after the capture of hinterland by German forces and signing agreements with France and Britain. In 1905, this became the German colony of Togoland. The local population was forced to work, cultivate cotton, coffee and cocoa and pay high taxes. A railway and the port of Lomé were built for export of agricultural products. The Germans introduced modern techniques of cultivation of cocoa, coffee and cotton and developed the infrastructure.
During the First World War, Togoland was invaded by Britain and France, proclaiming the Anglo-French condominium. On December 7, 1916 the condominium collapsed and Togo was divided into British and French zones. July 20, 1922 Great Britain received the League of Nations mandate to govern the western part of Togo and France to govern the eastern part. In 1945, the country received the right to send three representatives to the French parliament.
After World War II, these mandates became UN Trust Territories. The residents of British Togoland voted to join the Gold Coast as part of the new independent nation of Ghana in 1957. French Togoland became an autonomous republic within the French Union in 1959, while France retained the right to control the defense, foreign relations and finances.
Independence (1960–)[edit]
Togolese Republic was proclaimed on 27 April 1960. In the first presidential elections in 1961, Sylvanus Olympio became the first president, gaining 100% of votes. The opposition boycotted the elections. On April 9, 1961 the Constitution of the Togolese Republic was adopted, according to which the supreme legislative body was the National Assembly of Togo.
In December 1961, leaders of opposition parties had been arrested, because they were accused of the preparation of an anti-government conspiracy. A decree was issued on the dissolution of the opposition parties. Olympio was mainly trying to reduce dependence on France by establishing cooperation with the United States, Great Britain and Germany. He also rejected efforts of French soldiers who were demobilized after the war in Algeria and tried to get a position in the Togolese army. These factors eventually led to a military coup in 13 January 1963, during which he was assassinated by a group of soldiers under the direction of Sergeant Etienne Eyadéma Gnassingbé.[9] State of emergency was declared in Togo.
The military handed over power to an interim government led by Nicolas Grunitzky. In May 1963 Grunitzky was elected President of the Republic. The new leadership pursued a policy of developing relations with France. His main aim was to dampen the contradictions between north and south, promulgate a new constitution (1963) and introduce a multiparty system.
Exactly four years later, on 13 January 1967, Eyadéma Gnassingbé overthrew Grunitzky in a bloodless coup and assumed the presidency. He created the "Rally of the Togolese People" party, banned activities of other political parties and introduced a one-party system in November 1969. He was reelected in 1979 and 1986. In 1983, the privatization program launched and in 1991 other political parties were allowed. In 1993, the EU froze the partnership, describing Eyadema's re-election in 1993, 1998 and 2003, as the seizure of the power. In April 2004, in Brussels, talks were held between the European Union and Togo, on the resumption of cooperation.
Eyadéma Gnassingbé suddenly died on 5 February 2005 after 38 years in power, the longest occupation of any dictator in Africa. The military's immediate installation of his son, Faure Gnassingbé, as president provoked widespread international condemnation, except from France. Some democratically elected African leaders such as Abdoulaye Wade of Senegal and Olusegun Obasanjo of Nigeria supported the move, thereby creating a rift within the African Union.[10]
Gnassingbe left the power and held elections, which he won two months later. The opposition declared that the election results were fraudulent. The events in 2005 led to re-question the commitment to democracy that Togo had contracted in an attempt to normalize relations with the EU, which cut off aid in 1993 to the uncertainty of the human rights situation. In addition, up to 400 people were killed for political violence surrounding the presidential elections, according to the UN. Around 40,000 Togolese fled to neighboring countries. Faure Gnassingbé was reelected in 2010 and 2015
Togo has an area equal to 56,785 km2 (21,925 sq mi) and is one of the smallest countries in Africa. It borders the Bight of Benin in the south; Ghana lies to the west; Benin to the east; and to the north, Togo is bound by Burkina Faso. Togo lies mostly between latitudes 6° and 11°N, and longitudes 0° and 2°E.
The coast of Togo in the Gulf of Guinea is 56 km long and consists of lagoons with sandy beaches. In the north the land is characterized by a gently rolling savanna in contrast to the center of the country, which is characterized by hills. The south of Togo is characterized by a savanna and woodland plateau which reaches to a coastal plain with extensive lagoons and marshes.
The highest mountain of the country is the Mont Agou at 986 m above sea level. The longest river is the Mono River with a length of 400 km. It runs from north to south.
The climate is generally tropical with average temperatures ranging from 23 °C (73 °F) on the coast to about 30 °C (86 °F) in the northernmost regions, with a dry climate and characteristics of a tropical savanna. To the south there are two seasons of rain (the first between April and July and the second between September and November), even though the average rainfall is not very high.
Flora and fauna[edit]
The coast of Togo is characterized by marshes and mangroves. High human population growth is leading to rapid deforestation, endangering many species. At least four parks and reserves have been established: Abdoulaye Faunal Reserve, Fazao Malfakassa National Park, Fosse aux Lions National Park, and Kéran National Park. The most frequently observed animals are giraffes, cape buffalo, hyenas, and lions. Few elephants remain. Common birds are storks, cranes and marabou.
President is elected by universal and direct suffrage for 5 years. He is also the commander of the armed forces and has the right to initiate legislation and dissolve parliament. Executive power is exercised by the president and the government. The head of government is the Prime Minister, who is appointed by the president.
Togo's transition to democracy is stalled. Its democratic institutions remain nascent and fragile. President Gnassingbé Eyadéma, who ruled Togo under a one-party system, died of a heart attack on 5 February 2005. Gravely ill, he was being transported by plane to a foreign country for care. He died in transit while over Tunisia. Under the Togolese Constitution, the President of the Parliament, Fambaré Ouattara Natchaba, should have become President of the country, pending a new presidential election to be called within sixty days. Natchaba was out of the country, returning on an Air France plane from Paris.[11]
The Togolese army, known as Forces Armées Togolaises (FAT), or Togolese Armed Forces, closed the nation's borders, forcing the plane to land in nearby Benin. With an engineered power vacuum, the Parliament voted to remove the constitutional clause that would have required an election within sixty days, and declared that Eyadema's son, Faure Gnassingbé, would inherit the presidency and hold office for the rest of his father's term.[11] Faure was sworn in on 7 February 2005, despite international criticism of the succession.[12]
The African Union described the takeover as a military coup d'état.[13] International pressure came also from the United Nations. Within Togo, opposition to the takeover culminated in riots in which several hundred died. There were uprisings in many cities and towns, mainly located in the southern part of the country. In the town of Aného reports of a general civilian uprising followed by a large scale massacre by government troops went largely unreported. In response, Faure Gnassingbé agreed to hold elections and on 25 February, Gnassingbé resigned as president, but soon afterward accepted the nomination to run for the office in April.[14]
On 24 April 2005, Gnassingbé was elected President of Togo, receiving over 60% of the vote according to official results. His main rival in the race had been Emmanuel Bob-Akitani from the Union des Forces du Changement (UFC) or Union of Forces for Change. However, electoral fraud was suspected, due to a lack of European Union or other independent oversight.[15] Parliament designated Deputy President, Bonfoh Abbass, as interim president until the inauguration.[14] On 3 May 2005, Faure Gnassingbé was sworn in as the new president and the European Union suspended aid to Togo in support of the opposition claims, unlike the African Union and the United States which declared the vote "reasonably fair." The Nigerian president and Chair of the AU, Olusẹgun Ọbasanjọ, sought to negotiate between the incumbent government and the opposition to establish a coalition government, but rejected an AU Commission appointment of former Zambian president, Kenneth Kaunda, as special AU envoy to Togo.[16][17] In June, President Gnassingbé named opposition leader Edem Kodjo as the prime minister.
In October 2007, after several postponements, elections were held under proportional representation. This allowed the less populated north to seat as many MPs as the more populated south. The president-backed party Rally of the Togolese People (RPT) won outright majority with the UFC coming second and the other parties claiming inconsequential representation. Again vote rigging accusations were leveled at the RPT supported by the civil and military security apparatus. Despite the presence of an EU observer mission, canceled ballots and illegal voting took place, the majority of which in RPT strongholds. The election was declared fair by the international community and praised as a model with little intimidation and few violent acts for the first time since a multiparty system was reinstated. On 3 December 2007 Komlan Mally of the RPT was appointed to prime minister succeeding Agboyibor. However, on 5 September 2008, after only 10 months in office, Mally resigned as prime minister of Togo.
Faure Gnassingbé won re-election in the March 2010 presidential election, taking 61% of the vote against Jean-Pierre Fabre from the UFC, who had been backed by an opposition coalition called FRAC (Republican Front for Change).[18] Though the March 2010 election was largely peaceful, electoral observers noted "procedural errors" and technical problems, and the opposition did not recognize the results, claiming irregularities had affected the outcome.[19][20] Periodic protests followed the election.[21] In May 2010, long-time opposition leader Gilchrist Olympio announced that he would enter into a power-sharing deal with the government, a coalition arrangement which provides the UFC with eight ministerial posts.[22][23] In June, 2012, electoral reforms prompted protesters to take to the street in Lomé for several days; protesters sought a return to the 1992 constitution that would re-establish presidential term limits.[24] July, 2012, saw the surprise resignation of the prime minister, Gilbert Houngbo.[25] Days later, the commerce minister, Kwesi Ahoomey-Zunu, was named to lead the new government. In the same month, the home of opposition leader Jean Pierre Fabre was raided by security forces, and thousands of protesters again rallied publicly against the government crackdown.[26]
Administrative divisions[edit]
Togo is divided into 5 regions, which are subdivided in turn into 30 prefectures. From north to south the regions are Savanes, Kara, Centrale, Plateaux and Maritime.
Foreign relations[edit]
Although Togo's foreign policy is nonaligned, it has strong historical and cultural ties with western Europe, especially France and Germany. Togo recognizes the People's Republic of China, North Korea, and Cuba. It re-established relations with Israel in 1987.
Togo pursues an active foreign policy and participates in many international organizations. It is particularly active in West African regional affairs and in the African Union. Relations between Togo and neighboring states are generally good.
Among the smallest countries in Africa, Togo enjoys one of the highest standards of living on the continent owing to its valuable phosphate deposits and a well-developed export sector based on agricultural products such as coffee, cocoa bean, and peanuts (groundnuts), which together generate roughly 30% of export earnings. The fertile land occupies 11.3% of the country, most of which is developed. Major crops are cassava, jasmine rice, corn and millet. Low market prices for Togo's major export commodities, however, coupled with the volatile political situation of the 1990s and early 2000s, had a negative effect on the economy.[27]
Togo is one of the least developed countries, the economic situation is still precarious. Togo serves as a regional commercial and trade center. The government's decade-long effort, supported by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), to carry out economic reforms, to encourage investment and create the balance between income and consumption, has stalled. Political unrest, including private and public sector strikes throughout 1992 and 1993, jeopardized the reform program, shrank the tax base, and disrupted vital economic activity.
Agriculture is the backbone of the economy, although it is struggling with a chronic shortage of funds for the purchase of irrigation equipment and fertilizers, which significantly reduces its performance. Agriculture generated 28.2% of GDP in 2012 and employed 49% of the working population in 2010. The country is essentially self-sufficient in food production. Livestock production is dominated by cattle breeding.
Mining generated about 33.9% of GDP in 2012 and employed 12% of the population in 2010. Togo has the fourth largest phosphate deposits in the world. Their production is 2.1 million tons per year. Since the mid-90s, however, there has been a decline in the mining industry and government will need to invest heavily to sustain it. The mining industry is facing difficulties due to falling phosphate prices on world markets and increasing foreign competition. There are also reserves of limestone, marble and salt. The industry provides only 20.4% of national income, because it consists only of a few of light industry and builders. Large reserves of limestone allows Togo to produce cement. Other important sectors are brewery and the textile industry. A permanent problem is the lack of electricity, because the country is able to produce only about a third of its consumption, the rest is covered by imports from Ghana and Nigeria.
The 12 January 1994 devaluation of the currency by 50% provided an important impetus to renewed structural adjustment; these efforts were facilitated by the end of strife in 1994 and a return to overt political calm. Progress depends on increased openness in government financial operations (to accommodate increased social service outlays) and possible downsizing of the armed forces, on which the regime has depended to stay in place. Lack of aid, along with depressed cocoa prices, generated a 1% fall in GDP in 1998, with growth resuming in 1999. Togo is a member of the Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa (OHADA).[28]
Togo imports machinery, equipment, petroleum products and food. Main import partners are France (21.1%), the Netherlands (12.1%), Côte d'Ivoire (5.9%), Germany (4.6%), Italy (4.4%), South Africa (4.3%) and China (4.1%). The main exports are cocoa, coffee, re-export of goods, phosphates and cotton. Major export partners are Burkina Faso (16.6%), China (15.4%), the Netherlands (13%), Benin (9.6%) and Mali (7.4%).
In terms of structural reforms, Togo has made progress in the liberalization of the economy, namely in the fields of trade and port activities. However, the privatization program of the cotton sector, telecommunications and water supply seems stalled. The country is currently in a state of no more debt due to financial assistance from the outside while Togo is likely among the most beneficiary countries under the Initiative help in Heavily Indebted Poor Countries.
The military of Togo, in French FAT (Forces armées togolaises, "Togolese armed forces"), consists of the army, navy, air force, and gendarmerie. Total military expenditures during the fiscal year of 2005 totaled 1.6% of the country's GDP.[2] Military bases exist in Lomé, Temedja, Kara, Niamtougou, and Dapaong.[29] The current Chief of the General Staff is Brigadier General Titikpina Atcha Mohamed, who took office on 19 May 2009.[30] The air force is equipped with Alpha jets.[31]
New figures from the November, 2010 census gave Togo a population of 6,191,155, more than double the total counted in the last census. That census, taken in 1981, showed the nation had a population of 2,719,567. The capital and largest city, Lomé, grew from 375,499 in 1981 to 837,437 in 2010. When the urban population of surrounding Golfe prefecture is added, the Lomé Agglomeration contained 1,477,660 residents in 2010.[32][33]
Other cities in Togo according to the new census were Sokodé (95,070), Kara (94,878), Kpalimé (75,084), Atakpamé (69,261), Dapaong (58,071) and Tsévié (54,474). With an estimated population of 6,619,000 (as of 2009[update]), Togo is the 107th largest country by population. Most of the population (65%) live in rural villages dedicated to agriculture or pastures. The population of Togo shows a strong growth: from 1961 (the year after independence) to 2003 it quintupled.[32][33]
Largest cities[edit]
Rank | Name | Region | Pop. | ||||||
Lomé Sokodé |
1 | Lomé | Maritime | 749 700 | Kara Kpalimé |
2 | Sokodé | Centrale | 117 811 | ||||||
3 | Kara | Kara | 104 207 | ||||||
4 | Kpalimé | Kpalime | 95 974 | ||||||
5 | Atakpamé | Plateaux | 80 683 | ||||||
6 | Bassar | Kara | 61 845 | ||||||
7 | Tsévié | Maritime | 55 775 | ||||||
8 | Aného | Maritime | 47 579 | ||||||
9 | Mango | Savanes | 37 748 | ||||||
10 | Dapaong | Savanes | 33 324 |
Ethnic groups[edit]
In Togo, there are about 40 different ethnic groups, the most numerous of which are the Ewe in the south who make up 32% of the population. Along the southern coastline they account for 21% of the population. Also found are Kotokoli or Tem and Tchamba in the center and the Kabye people in the north (22%). The Ouatchis are 14% of the population. Sometimes the Ewes and Ouatchis are considered the same, but the French who studied both groups considered them different people.[34] Other Ethnic groups include the Mina, Mossi, and Aja people (about 8%). There is also a European population who make up less than 1%.
According to the CIA Factbook, approximately 29% of the population is Christian, 20% are Muslim, and 51% hold indigenous beliefs.[2]
About 50% of the population adhere to Traditional African beliefs including animalism, fetishism (especially common), the cult of ancestors, the forces of nature, etc. Christianity began to spread from the middle of the 15th century, after the arrival of the Portuguese colonizers.
Togo is a multilingual country. According to one count, 39 languages are spoken.[35] Of these, the official language is French. Two spoken indigenous languages were designated politically as national languages in 1975: Ewé (Ewe: Èʋegbe; French: Evé) and Kabiyé.
French is used in formal education, administration and commerce. Ewe is a language of wider communication in the south. Tem functions to a limited extent as a trade language in some northern towns.[36] Officially, Ewe and Kabiye are "national languages", which in the Togolese context means languages that are promoted in formal education and used in the media.
Health expenditure was at US$63 (PPP) per capita in 2004.[37] The infant mortality rate is approximately 50 deaths per 1,000 children in 2012.[38] Male life expectancy at birth was at 60.6 in 2012, whereas it was at 65.8 for females.[39] There were 4 physicians per 100,000 people in the early 2000s.[37] Approximately one half of the population lives below the international poverty line of US$1.25 a day.[40] According to a 2013 UNICEF report,[41] 4% of women in Togo have undergone female genital mutilation, which is a significantly lower percentage than other countries in the region.
As of 2010[update], the maternal mortality rate per 100,000 births for Togo is 350, compared with 447.1 in 2008 and 539.7 in 1990. The under 5 mortality rate, per 1,000 births is 100 and the neonatal mortality as a percentage of under 5's mortality is 32. In Togo the number of midwives per 1,000 live births is 2 and the lifetime risk of death for pregnant women is 1 in 67.[42]
The HIV/AIDS rate was estimated in 2012 to be 2.90% of adults aged 15–49.[43]
Education in Togo is compulsory for six years.[44] In 1996, the gross primary enrollment rate was 119.6%, and the net primary enrollment rate was 81.3%.[44] In 2011, the net enrollment rate was 94%, one of the best in the West African sub-region.[45] The education system has suffered from teacher shortages, lower educational quality in rural areas, and high repetition and dropout rates.[44]
Togo's culture reflects the influences of its many ethnic groups, the largest and most influential of which are the Ewe, Mina, Tem, Tchamba and Kabre.
Despite the influences of Christianity and Islam, over half of the people of Togo follow native animistic practices and beliefs.
Ewe statuary is characterized by its famous statuettes which illustrate the worship of the ibeji. Sculptures and hunting trophies were used rather than the more ubiquitous African masks. The wood-carvers of Kloto are famous for their "chains of marriage": two characters are connected by rings drawn from only one piece of wood.
The dyed fabric batiks of the artizanal center of Kloto represent stylized and colored scenes of ancient everyday life. The loincloths used in the ceremonies of the weavers of Assahoun are famous. Works of the painter Sokey Edorh are inspired by the immense arid extents, swept by the dry wind, and where the soil keeps the prints of the men and the animals. The plastics technician Paul Ahyi is internationally recognized today. He practiced the "zota", a kind of pyroengraving, and his monumental achievements decorate Lomé.
The official Togolese drink is called sodabi, a liquor that is created from the distillation of palm wine.
On 12 August 2008, Benjamin Boukpeti (born to a Togolese father and a French mother) won a bronze medal in the Men's K1 Kayak Slalom, the first medal ever won by a member of the Togolese team at the Olympics.
Football is the most recognized and national sport of Togo. Following suit with Nigeria, Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Ghana and Senegal, Togo qualified for the World Cup in 2006. Togo did not record a win in the group stage. Togo also qualified for CAF. Emmanuel Adebayor is the most famous footballer for Togo, scoring 29 goals for the national team and 96 in the English Premier League.
See also[edit]
- Association Scoute du Togo
- Communications in Togo
- Human rights in Togo
- Index of Togo-related articles
- Outline of Togo
- Togo national football team
- Transport in Togo
- ^ "Constitution of Togo". 2002. Retrieved 20 November 2011.
- ^ a b c d e Togo. CIA – The World Factbook. Cia.gov. Retrieved on 2012-01-08.
- ^ [1]. CIA World Factbook
- ^ a b c d "Togo". International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
- ^ "Gini Index". World Bank. Retrieved 2 March 2011.
- ^ "2016 Human Development Report" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 2016. Retrieved 21 March 2017.
- ^ "The World Factbook". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 2016-01-05.
- ^ "Obituary: Gnassingbe Eyadema". (2005, February 5). BBC News. Retrieved 22 May 2007.
- ^ Ellis, Stephen (1993). "Rumour and Power in Togo". Africa: Journal of the International African Institute. Cambridge University Press. 63 (4): 462–476. JSTOR 1161002.
- ^ BBC News – Togo country profile – Overview. Bbc.co.uk (11 July 2011). Retrieved on 2012-03-26.
- ^ a b "Togo: Africa's democratic test case". BBC News. 11 February 2005. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
- ^ "Togo leader sworn in amid protest". BBC News. 7 February 2005. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
- ^ "Togo succession 'coup' denounced". BBC News. 6 February 2005. Retrieved 27 June 2010.
- ^ a b Godwin, Ebow (8 June 2010). "Togo Leader to Step Down, Seek Presidency". Associated Press (via SF Gate). Archived from the original on 6 January 2006. Retrieved 27 June 2010.
- ^ "Technological shutdowns as tools of oppression". SciDev.net. 20 June 2005. Retrieved 27 June 2010.
- ^ Togo: African Union in Row Over Appointment of Special Envoy at the Wayback Machine (archived 26 September 2011). AllAfrica.com. 6 June 2005
- ^ Togo: African Union in Row Over Appointment of Special Envoy at the Wayback Machine (archived 26 September 2011). AllAfrica.com
- ^ "Togo's president re-elected: electoral agency". Sydney Morning Herald. 7 March 2010. Retrieved 16 November 2011.
- ^ "Togo opposition vows to challenge election result". BBC. 7 March 2010. Retrieved 16 November 2011.
- ^ "Togo leader Gnassingbe re-elected in disputed poll". Reuters. 6 March 2010. Retrieved 16 November 2011.
- ^ "Togo: 4,000 demonstrators protest Togo election results". AllAfrica.com. 11 April 2010. Retrieved 16 November 2011.
- ^ "Togo opposition 'to join coalition government'". BBC. 27 May 2010. Retrieved 16 November 2011.
- ^ "Togo profile". BBC. 11 July 2011. Retrieved 16 November 2011.
- ^ "Togo protest: Lome rocked by electoral reform unrest". BBC. 14 June 2012. Retrieved 26 July 2012.
- ^ "Togo PM, govt quit to widen leadership before vote". Reuters. 12 July 2012. Retrieved 27 July 2012.
- ^ "Huge rally in Togo". news24.com. 22 July 2012. Retrieved 27 July 2012.
- ^ "Britannica".
- ^ "OHADA.com: The business law portal in Africa". Retrieved 22 March 2009.
- ^ "Organisation des Forces Armées". www.forcesarmees.tg. Retrieved 15 April 2011.
- ^ "Un Nouveau Chef à la Tête des FAT". www.forcesarmees.tg. Retrieved 16 April 2011.
- ^ "Togolese Air Force acquires CN235". defenceweb.co.za. 29 August 2012. Retrieved 5 July 2015.
- ^ a b [RGPH4 Recensement Général de la Population 2010]. Direction Générale de la Statistique et de la Comptabilité Nationale
- ^ a b Données de Recensement. Direction Générale de la Statistique et de la Comptabilité Nationale
- ^ Khan, M. Ali; Sherieff, A. & Balakishan, A. (2007). Encyclopedia of world geography. Sarup & Sons. p. 255. ISBN 81-7625-773-7.
- ^ Ethnologue, "Languages of Togo" (accessed Oct. 31, 2010)
- ^ https://www.ethnologue.com/country/TG
- ^ a b "Human Development Report 2009 – Togo". Hdrstats.undp.org. Retrieved 27 June 2010.
- ^ Infant Mortality ranks. CIA World Factbook
- ^ Life Expectancy ranks. CIA World Factbook
- ^ Human Development Indices, Table 3: Human and income poverty, p. 35. Retrieved on 1 June 2009
- ^ UNICEF 2013, p. 27.
- ^ "The State Of The World's Midwifery". United Nations Population Fund. Accessed August 2011.
- ^ CIA.gov
- ^ a b c "Togo". 2001 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor. Bureau of International Labor Affairs, U.S. Department of Labor (2002). This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ "Togo". Wikipédia (in French). 2017-01-30.
Further reading[edit]
- Bullock, A L C, Germany's Colonial Demands (Oxford University Press, 1939).
- Gründer, Horst, Geschichte der deutschen Kolonien, 3. Aufl. (Paderborn, 1995).
- Mwakikagile, Godfrey, Military Coups in West Africa Since The Sixties (Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2001).
- Packer, George, The Village of Waiting (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1988).
- Piot, Charles, Nostalgia for the Future: West Africa After the Cold War (University of Chicago Press, 2010).
- Schnee, Dr. Heinrich, German Colonization, Past and Future – the Truth about the German Colonies (George Allen & Unwin, 1926).
- Sebald, Peter, Togo 1884 bis 1914. Eine Geschichte der deutschen "Musterkolonie" auf der Grundlage amtlicher Quellen (Berlin, 1987).
- Seely, Jennifer, The Legacies of Transition Governments in Africa: The Cases of Benin and Togo (Palgrave Macmillan, 2009).
- Zurstrassen, Bettina, "Ein Stück deutscher Erde schaffen". Koloniale Beamte in Togo 1884–1914 (Frankfurt/M., Campus, 2008) (Campus Forschung, 931).
External links[edit]
- Government
- (French) Republic of Togo official site
- (French) National Assembly of Togo official site
- Chief of State and Cabinet Members
- General
- Country Profile from New Internationalist
- Country Profile from BBC News
- Togo from Encyclopaedia Britannica
- "Togo". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
- Togo from UCB Libraries GovPubs
- Togo at DMOZ
- Wikimedia Atlas of Togo
- Key Development Forecasts for Togo from International Futures
- News media
- (French) Web Radio Togo official Web Radio
- News headline links from AllAfrica.com
- Trade
- Tourism
- Togo
- 1960 establishments in Togo
- Economic Community of West African States
- French-speaking countries and territories
- Least developed countries
- Member states of the African Union
- Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
- Member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
- Member states of the United Nations
- States and territories established in 1960
- West African countries


text:
We watched in horror as generation turned against generation – shirts were splattered with blood as the old man's eyes were gouged out. Beamed live into cinemas last week was an intensely powerful performance of perhaps the greatest play Shakespeare ever wrote. As King Lear, Derek Jacobi encapsulated the petulance and pathos of old age, anger at the ingratitude of youth, and the rage of the old against the young.
Four hundred years on, we are seeing the same themes playing out again. When Ed Miliband stood against his elder brother for the Labour leadership, several commentators saw in him the bastard younger son, Edmund, trying to usurp his legitimate older brother, Edgar. But there are other resonances from Lear, too. At the Labour Party conference, the newly crowned leader disowned his elders, talked of the "new generation" and promptly appointed a strikingly young set of MPs to his front bench. And last week, he gave a speech lamenting cuts that would disproportionately hit young people and warning that the next generation would be the first to do worse than their parents.
King Lear is all about intergenerational strife. Edmund is not just out to usurp his brother but also his father. As he says when he is plotting to betray Gloucester in order to take over his title: "The younger rises when the old doth fall." And poor Lear himself is the victim of two of his daughters who, despite being given half the kingdom each, break their promise to house him and his retinue. As soon as he ceases to be King, he loses their love and respect and becomes a tragic, powerless old man. "How sharper than a serpent's tooth it is/To have a thankless child!" he wails.
So is Labour now trying, opportunistically, to turn young against old? In difficult economic times, when people are feeling angry and insecure, it is easy to whip up divisions. We've seen it already with class envy. The BNP and the English Defence League are trying to foment enmity between races and religions. And the trade unions are keen to exploit resentment between workers and their bosses.
Today's younger generation is increasingly resentful towards their elders' wealth and disregard of the future, and at least some of this irritation is justified. Lear's daughters, Goneril and Regan, become fed up with housing Lear's 100-strong retinue of unruly knights. They argue that he could make do with 50 or 25 – or indeed none, since they have servants of their own to look after him. Many a young person today must look at their parents or grandparents rattling around in houses utterly unaffordable to a twentysomething and share some of the daughters' annoyance.
This may be promising political territory for Labour. Today's teenagers are being asked to borrow £27,000 for a university education that their parents enjoyed for free. (Though they generally fail to appreciate that in my day, there were university places for only one in eight of us – now it's nearly one in two.) They won't be able to afford to buy a place to live until they're 37 unless their parents help them out. And that assumes that they get a job: unemployment is highest among 18- to 24-year-olds.
According to Labour's private polling, 76 per cent of people believe that the next generation will be worse off than their parents. Labour claims that Conservative cuts are unfairly hitting the young. It is one thing to defer, say, spending on pothole-mending; councils can simply catch up later when they have more cash. But the abolition of Educational Maintenance Allowance, paid to 16- to 18-year-olds to encourage them to stay on at school, may blight a young person's whole life chances. (What Miliband doesn't admit, of course, is that the debt built up under Labour will also be a burden on their generation.)
The Labour leader's advisers deny stoutly that he is chasing the youth vote. They argue that parents and grandparents are just as concerned about the next generation's futures. Indeed, the older people get, the more pessimistic they are about younger people's prospects.
David Willetts, the Conservative higher education minister, first exposed these generational differences last year in his book The Pinch: How the baby boomers took their children's future – and why they should give it back. He has found that older readers' reactions to his thesis are sharply divided. There are those who feel guilty and agree that they have let the younger generation down. Then there are others who describe young people as feckless shirkers who don't know what it's like to have to work hard or save up for years for a deposit on a house.
The latter are probably a minority, and any political party that tried to appeal to them would look mean-spirited. What is certainly true is that older people – oddly, perhaps – are more future-orientated than the young. Young people live much more in the present and tend to be self-absorbed. If you ask them what was the most significant event for them in the past year, they are most likely to describe something that happened to themselves. Older people will talk about their son's marriage or their granddaughter's exam success. And, increasingly, the elderly are starting to see their homes not as an asset that will pass to their children when they die, but as something they should sell earlier to raise money either for social care for themselves or to help their children out.
The Government is well aware of this growing divide between the baby-boomers who have never had it so good and the young who feel badly done by. Both David Cameron and Nick Clegg had a brief flirtation with what they called the "horizon shift", but not much has materialised in practice. And what they have done has been badly sold.
So, for instance, the Government could have cut university places rather than raise tuition fees, but ministers were determined to protect opportunities. And the number of apprenticeships is rising, despite the business department's budget being cut by 25 per cent. But equally, younger people look at how generous the Government has been to the old and wonder which side ministers are really on. Winter fuel allowances and bus passes, for instance, are still given to all pensioners, however rich they are.
Of course, older people are much more likely to vote, and much more likely to vote Conservative. At least half of those who voted at the last election were over 50. So it is always going to be tempting for politicians, and particularly Tories, to chase them.
Conversely, there is a vicious circle that traps the young. Because they are less likely to turn out and vote, politicians pay less heed to them. Then, because the young feel that politicians don't listen to them, they don't bother to vote. If the tuition-fees protests at least led to a higher level of political engagement in that generation, they will have achieved something.
But it would be a great shame if another social division were opened up for politicians to exploit. We shall emerge from these bad times in a better state if we do try to stick together. At the end of King Lear, the old king becomes reconciled with the daughter he had rejected. The villain Edmund deservedly dies. And one of the few left standing, the Duke of Albany, displays both the humility and self-delusion of youth: "The oldest have borne most: we that are young/Shall never see so much, nor live so long."
Reuse content

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Home | Forums | Rules | Articles | diyAudio Store | Gallery | Wiki | Blogs | Register | Donations | FAQ | Calendar | Search | Today's Posts | Mark Forums Read | Search |
Multi-Way Conventional loudspeakers with crossovers |
Please consider donating to help us continue to serve you.
Ads on/off / Custom Title / More PMs / More album space / Advanced printing & mass image saving |
Thread Tools | Search this Thread |
17th May 2002, 05:33 PM | #1 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: May 2002
Location: Lexington, KY
Anyone can make your own speaker driver!
Make your own driver!
Here's a little project that I did at lunch a few weeks ago: 1. Get an empty tup of 'Cool Whip" (The bottom will be the speaker basket, the top lid is the cone. Get a spray paint can cap, a 100 feet or so of magnet wire. Get a magnet (or 2) that just fits inside the spraypaint can cap. Some double-stick tape or hot glue. And a small screw and nut. 2. Wrap magnet wire around a spray paint can cap to make the voice coil (I used 3 layers). Secure the windings with hot glue. 3. Attach the cap to the cool whip lid with the screw and nut (I used a screw and nut so that it can be disassembled and re-assembled easily) Make sure that they're centered. 4. Attach the magnet(s) to the bottom of the cool whip tub with hot glue or double stick tape (they need to be centered) 5. Run the two ends of the magnet wire out of the tub and connect them to the amplifier. 6. Slowly raise the volume. You will get a poor sounding speaker that is quite inefficient! - But it is a speaker that you made yourself! I used a series cap to HP the speaker at about 100Hz. * Note - I originally was going to use the Walmart brand of 'cool whip' but thier speaker basket was too weak. I need to make the second driver and get a BIG tupperware tub to make the complete Sat-Sub system! Matt |
17th May 2002, 06:23 PM | #2 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Nov 2001
Location: SW MI
That's the spirit!
17th May 2002, 06:40 PM | #3 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: May 2002
Location: Lexington, KY
make your own driver.
Wow, your idea is alittle bit more complex than mine!
I was shooting at more of a grade school science fair project than a 'real' speaker; and it sounds like it! I get some intersting looks when people pass by my desk at work and the PC sound is coming from a cool whip tub. Any ideas for a DIY tweeter? The high end is limited, can a paper 'whizzer' cone be added to help this? |
17th May 2002, 07:29 PM | #4 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Feb 2002
Location: Perth, Australia.
DIY Beer Can Driver
I read about a beer can modified to become a speaker driver somewhere on the net recently.
I did not save the reference, sorry. Eric. |
17th May 2002, 07:46 PM | #5 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: May 2002
Location: Lexington, KY
here's the outside of the speaker
17th May 2002, 07:50 PM | #6 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: May 2002
Location: Lexington, KY
here's a picture of the voice coil and magnets.
17th May 2002, 09:51 PM | #7 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: May 2002
Location: Lexington, KY
Construction tip:
When making this project, the cool whip should be emptied, I suggest warm blueberry cobbler. (Blueberry cobbler makes for a more stable image, peach cobbler produces muddy bass) |
18th May 2002, 09:37 AM | #8 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Apr 2002
Location: Tasmania, Australia
What impedance would/does your speaker have?
20th May 2002, 01:02 PM | #9 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: May 2002
Location: Lexington, KY
I used a scrap of magnet wire with too large of a gauge and only 50 feet. It is around 1.5 ohms. I'm going to get a spool of 200 feet of some thinner wire (26 gauge?) This should get it up to around 6 ohms and help the efficiency.
Thread Tools | Search this Thread |
Similar Threads | ||||
Thread | Thread Starter | Forum | Replies | Last Post |
How do I make driver holes?? | rtate | Subwoofers | 11 | 30th October 2008 01:21 AM |
How big do I make my speaker boxes. | Brady12 | Multi-Way | 0 | 1st September 2006 08:31 PM |
make your own loud speaker. and I mean it | metalinspired | Multi-Way | 12 | 24th September 2005 01:10 PM |
What properties make a good driver for TL enclosures? | Puggie | Multi-Way | 7 | 24th November 2004 07:15 PM |
A printer driver which let you make TIFF and JPEG prints! | sonnya | Everything Else | 2 | 19th April 2002 11:41 AM |
New To Site? | Need Help? |


text:
OH, AND it's rumoured that, on these little London Transport reality rides, Max takes his chauffeur.
SO YOU can't afford one of those swanky new cowboy hats? Substitute an inexpensive traffic cone instead.
STEVE MARTIN (pictured) and Clare Short (emphatically not) - what could they possibly have in common? Both enjoyed strawberries and sunshine at the Serpentine Gallery's summer party this week. As did Elle Macpherson, Tim Jefferies, David Gilmour and Polly Sampson, Oliver Tobias and Arabella Zamoyska. People played ping-pong and drank cocktails mixed by bar stars from Che, the Met bar, Match and Alphabet. Although Bridget Riley's pictures were on show in the gallery, the talking-point was an igloo on the lawn - created by Ron Arad - that seemed to be constructed from polystyrene and ping-pong balls.
TONY PARSONS was wearing chinos to launch his debut novel Man and Boy this week. Chinos? They're pants. "They're in danger of turning into the new Levi's; I'm thinking of moving out of chinos into jeans," Parsons said. "I haven't had a pair of jeans in 20 years."
WHO WILL stop this senseless chino madness?
KELVIN MACKENZIE, that celebrated editor of bus tickets, hasn't been on a bus in two years.
MARCO PIERRE WHITE hit his Titanic this week, accompanied by a talent escort of two. Around midnight, the boite's power shut down. Generators kicked in - White and his friends walked out. Float your own boat gag here.
NO 1 GUY shows two faces. Tony Blair (18 March) "I will set out our historic aim that ours is the first generation to end child poverty for ever." Tony Blair (8 July 1999): "I think big families are great!"
IS WALES the cradle of invention? No. Check out two innovations from the quarrelsome Cymric nightingales, showcased recently in the metrop: a motorised Zimmer frame and an illuminated clipboard - for night-time use. Go figure.
AN IDEAL HUSBAND? Jeremy Northam suffers from thesp rage. He calls in to deny that he loathes Cate Blanchett: "She's got this special thing. It sounds like rabid fan mail, but she just kind of breathes in front of the camera." So you admit you said you "can't stand her"? Yes... but Pandora quoted him "out of context". OK, here's more on the context, darlings: Northam was talking to a drag queen at a post-premiere party. And when he said "Can't stand her", the drag queen said, he did so "with a devilish grin".
FIRST IT was ashes being shot into space. Then it was holograms on tombstones. Now Eternal Reefs, the brainchild of an entrepreneur in Atlanta, are being made by mixing cremated remains and concrete to form a 1.57-ton artificial reef. This subaquatic urn is shipped out on to the water, unloaded, makes a big splash and plunges down before, with a muffled thunk, hitting the sea bed so (drum roll, Maestro)... "they sleep with the fishes".
Contact Pandora by e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
Published byJosh Foulk Modified over 2 years ago
MATH 598: Statistics & Modeling for Teachers May 19, 2013
Name Activity Music Activity Padlet Activity Review Course Syllabus Common Core Activities ◦ Statistics Content Standards ◦ Mathematical Practices GAISE ◦ Common Core and GAISE Parallels activity Pre-Assessments ◦ CREP Survey ◦ LOCUS Test
Use your laptop to access the following URL: http://padlet.com/wall/uwnqlpug04x0 http://padlet.com/wall/uwnqlpug04x0 Post a response to the following questions: What is statistics? How does statistics differ from mathematics? Your posts are anonymous. We will not know who said what.
Activity 1: Each of you has a set of the Statistics Standards for Grades 6-12. Your task is to group the standards by the grade level you think they represent (either MIDDLE SCHOOL or HIGH SCHOOL) Discussion: Compare your placements with those of other people and with the Standards presented on the handout. How close were you? What is your overall impression of the Common Core Statistics standards? What surprised you? What do these standards mean for teachers in schools? In other words, how, if at all, will this change mathematics curriculum/teaching/learning?
Activity 2: Review your assigned Mathematical Practice(s). Read both the original text and the summary. Develop examples of when/how students would demonstrate these practices in the context of learning statistics. Where might we see these practices in a Statistics class? Be specific.
The Difference between Statistics and Mathematics "Statistics is a methodological discipline. It exists not for itself, but rather to offer to other fields of study a coherent set of ideas and tools for dealing with data. The need for such a discipline arises from the omnipresence of variability." (Moore and Cobb, 1997) A major objective of statistics education is to help students develop statistical thinking. Statistical thinking, in large part, must deal with this omnipresence of variability; statistical problem solving and decision making depend on understanding, explaining, and quantifying the variability in the data. It is this focus on variability in data that sets apart statistics from mathematics. GAISE Report, p. 6
Statistical problem solving is an investigative process that involves four components: I. Formulate Questions ◦ Clarify the problem at hand ◦ Formulate one (or more) questions that can be answered with data 2. Collect Data ◦ Design a plan to collect appropriate data ◦ Employ the plan to collect the data 3. Analyze Data ◦ Select appropriate graphical and numerical methods ◦ Use these methods to analyze data 4. Interpret Results ◦ Interpret the analysis ◦ Relate the interpretation to the original question
Look over the levels outlined in the GAISE Framework: What Level was the Name Activity that we completed at the start of class? Why? What additional questions/extensions could you add to the Name Activity (if any) to move it to the next Level of the GAISE Framework?
Look over the levels outlined in the GAISE Framework: What Level was the Music Activity that we completed at the start of class? Why? What additional questions/extensions could you add to the Music Activity (if any) to move it to the next Level of the GAISE Framework?
Discuss the following questions with a partner: ◦ Does the GAISE framework fit with the CCSSM? If yes, how? If not, how do they differ? ◦ What is your overall impression of the GAISE framework? ◦ What surprised you? ◦ What does this framework mean for teachers in schools? How, if at all, will the GAISE framework change mathematics curriculum/teaching/learning?
Activity 3: You each have a copy of the level B and level C GAISE guidelines as well as a set of the Common Core 6-12 statistics standards. Your task is to determine the overlap of the Common Core high school standards and the GAISE guidelines. You might do this by placing the CCSSM standards on the GAISE guidelines copies. Then, revisit your answers to the questions: ◦ Does the GAISE framework fit with the CCSSM? If yes, how? If not, how do they differ?
Read 6-8 DEU Big Idea 1 Homework 1
Use your laptops to access the following survey: https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/setday1 https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/setday1 LOCUS Pre-test Visit: http://dev-artist.gotpantheon.com/http://dev-artist.gotpantheon.com Click on Test Taker Enter Access Code: BVjtsNGwrK Enter Identifier (enter your name)
Similar presentations
© 2017 SlidePlayer.com Inc.
All rights reserved.


text:
Style: 20216990 Color Code:
Straight leg linen utility pant with ruched snap-button ankles. Features twill ribbon detail at the waist, two front slit pockets, and two back flap pockets. Darting throughout. Button-and-zip fly.
55% linen, 45% cotton Machine wash *Import
Measurements for Size Six: Waist: 32 1/4" Front Rise: 8 7/8" Inseam: 29 3/4"


text:
March 25, 2010 News & Politics | Media
Sarah Beardsley
michael boyd
Amy Schroeder was a 19-year-old women's studies major at Michigan State when she created Venus in 1995. Feminism was the point of her education, and it was the point of her fanzine. "Though I was surrounded by conservatism, I started reading about the feminist movement and Gloria Steinem while I was in high school," she told me the other day in an e-mail, "and it excited me just as much as the rock that was popular in the early to mid-90s.
"At that time there was a very positive, pro-feminist collective of women making fierce rock and roll: Kim Gordon of Sonic Youth, Kim and Kelley Deal of the Breeders, PJ Harvey, Courtney Love, etc. In addition, when I got to college, I learned about the Riot Grrl movement, which was not all that prevalent in Michigan but it was big in the Pacific Northwest. This was a very loud, in-your-face punk/DIY women's movement, led by Kathleen Hanna, Bratmobile, and other bands."
Schroeder had a ready answer whenever she was asked what she was doing. "Venus zine," she'd say, "covers women in music, art, film, fashion, and DIY culture because not a lot of other publications do."
But Venus, a quarterly, did not stand still. As time went by, Schroeder learned more about writing and editing and publishing, and, her e-mail continued, "the more I learned the better Venus became, and the better it became the more readers we got, and the more readers we got the more I recognized how to grow Venus—and that involved making it more accessible, which was not just covering Riot Grrl bands.
"If we kept doing the same things and covering the same people year after year, we would have folded in the early 2000s. Many of the bands we used to cover have broken up. It's similar with any publication—if Rolling Stone had continued to focus on 1960s Revolution Rock, it wouldn't exist today."
After college, Schroeder published Venus out of New York and San Francisco, where other journalism jobs paid the rent. It wasn't until 2003, after she'd moved to Chicago, that she could work on Venus full-time. In 2006 she sold Venus to Anne Brindle and Marci Sepulveda, copublishers of Chicago Agent, a real estate trade magazine, but she stayed on as editor until September 2008. She told me she sees herself as the person "who gets things going," and that she was reaching the upper limit of her magazine's 18-to-34 demographic, she was now teaching at Columbia College, and she'd decided to move to New York. (She's there now, as a full-time writer and editor for the Girl Scouts who's also helping HarperCollins create a Web site to attract a community of aspiring teen writers.)
Brindle says Chicago Agent has thrived despite the collapse of the industry it covers, but in 2009 it "demanded more of our attention" and she and Sepulveda decided to unload Venus. They published their last issue in September 2009 and in January sold the magazine to Sarah Beardsley, a business consultant and former vice president at MCI, for a price none of them want to reveal.
Beardsley thinks Venus is brimming with potential. She's not just a new owner, she's a new generation—though, curiously, an older one. She's 47, 14 years older than Schroeder is now and 28 years older than she was when she produced the first issue in one night on a word processor in her dorm room.
There was no winter 2010 issue of Venus, but the spring issue, Beardsley's first, was given away at South by Southwest and it'll be on the stands March 30. It carries a note from the new owner telling readers, "You prove that smart, creative women are a force to be reckoned with."
Beardsley believes that there are a lot more women happy to raise their hand to that description than Venus has ever reached, and she hopes the allure of her new magazine's "incredible ability to spot trends and spot talent" will draw them in.
In search of knowing assessments of Venus, I'd asked around, and what I kept finding were smart, creative women who knew of the magazine but rarely read it. "There are a lot of those women," Beardsley told me. They are the market she intends to tap, an "extended community of people who want to be part of—movement's too strong a word, but cause—something people believe in, an aesthetic being built from the ground up. These are people who want to read about real people, who want to see what real people are doing, creating, making happen."
Beardsley's audacious goals are to quickly turn the quarterly into a monthly and jump its circulation from about 60,000 to 200,000. By tweaking the editorial focus (for instance, turning up the celebrity dial) and introducing marketing techniques that are second nature to her, she expects to create that demand.
This kind of talk excites Schroeder, who is paying attention. "Venus definitely has its roots in indie lady culture, which is awesome," she says, "but we're not living in the 90s anymore so it needs to change." She knew I was skeptical—I'd told her so. "Why is it you're concerned about Venus changing?" she challenged me. "What is antifeminist about covering successful women? Am I supposed to be on the defensive, or is Sarah supposed to be on the defensive for setting big goals? Or is Venus supposed to be this small magazine that doesn't get beyond a certain point? I live in New York now, and one of the things I think about is Chicago does a really great job of helping indie projects take off, but sometimes it's hard to progress beyond a certain point. Not that there aren't a number of resources there, but there's a great sense of staying indie—and if you try to move beyond a certain point, people don't like you anymore."
Why was I skeptical? A little knowledge can be dangerous, and I knew one or two things about Venus already: Women who were familiar with Venus tended to be fiercely loyal to it, readers and writers both. (I once had the young editor of a community paper in Chicago tell me how exasperating it was that she couldn't afford to pay the same writers who wrote for Venus for free because they shared its vision.) So I wondered if Beardsley, in going after big numbers, was putting something vital at risk. What's more, I'd heard from one of those loyalists who'd interviewed for the job of editor in chief, and when she found out what Beardsley had in mind, she ran the other way. "There are people out there who see this as being one of the few places where women making music can get a fair shot," the writer (who asked not to be named) told me. "There aren't a lot of magazines like that. And she seems hell-bent on changing the magazine to something else. She told me she's not a feminist and feminism is what hindered the magazine in the past. It's fundamentally a feminist music magazine [but] she wanted stuff more mainstream. One of the things that made Venus cool was that it was a female staff and things were written from an understated feminist perspective. It wasn't overt, it wasn't political—but it knew its history. And it came from the knowledge there are inherent struggles to women making art.
"She wants to make it more broad-based," the loyalist continued. "If she wants to make it an Oprah magazine for hipster ladies, maybe all power to her." The editor Beardsley eventually hired is Jill Russell, who'd been an associate editor of Martha Stewart's Body + Soul magazine in New York. Schroeder has talked to her and says "she seems great."
I asked Beardsley about Venus and its commitment to feminism. "That's such a word fraught with interpretation and meaning," she said. "We don't use that particular F word around here. It just doesn't seem relevant." She called feminism "an old-fashioned concept" and explained that "it doesn't enter into our discussions about what we're going to cover and what have you." She said, "We're much more into discovering trends, talent, whatever they are, and they can come in all shapes, sizes, genders, and forms."
Feminism has crashed across America in what are today called waves. These waves have been largely generational, and women who rode one wave might think they disagree fundamentally with women who rode another. But has feminism, like liberalism, become a set of values that dare not speak its name? I called Schroeder back.
"That's the unfortunate thing about feminism," she said. "People are scared of the F word. I think when a lot of people nowadays think of feminism they think of sort of the 1970s version of feminist women burning bras and being very intense and setting up lots of rules and structures. I have a great deal of respect for all the feminism movements. It was a very strong political movement and a lot of good came out of it and it took years and years for that good to occur. But I don't know that people make a direct correlation between that and their doing feminist things—like working." She laughed. "And getting an education. Today more women are getting educations than their male counterparts.
"In my time at Venus, my goal was to make feminism acceptable. When there's a day when women get the recognition they deserve in the arts that will be a wonderful day and maybe Venus will no longer need to exist. But until then Venus does need to exist."
Would it be accurate, I asked, to say that Venus still needs to exist, but not necessarily as the old Venus?
"That's good!" Schroeder said. "Maybe we're getting closer to the day when Venus doesn't need to exist."
To Schroeder, that's progress. To Beardsley, it's a message she has no intention of sending to the 140,000 or so readers she doesn't have yet. Schroeder says she began Venus as a "niche publication," and feminism was the niche. Beardsley will be marketing Venus as a vital enhancement of its readers' already rich and vibrant lives; and to those readers feminism—which it goes without saying will go without saying—is a done deal. There's no going back to the magazine's roots, when it was created to be essential. v
Care to comment? Find this column at chicagoreader.com/media.
More Media »
Tags: Media, Amy Schroeder, Venus, Venus Magazine, feminism, fanzine, Gloria Steinem, Kathleen Hanna, DIY culture, DIY, Riot Grrl, Anne Brindle, Marci Sepulveda, Columbia College, Sarah Beardsley, MCI, Jill Russell, Martha Stewart, Body + Soul
Showing 1-25 of 54
Add a comment


text:
Conveniently located just 2-hours north of Seattle, and 1.5-hours south of Vancouver, B.C., Mt. Baker Lodging is your source for private, self-catered, fully equipped Mt. Baker area cabins, cottages, condos, chalets, and executive vacation home rental accommodations, located in the mountain villages of Glacier and Maple Falls, at the magnificent gateway to the Mt. Baker Snoqualmie National Forest, and the adjacent Mount Baker Ski Area! The Nooksack river is one of the last "wild" rivers in Washington state. Five species of wild salmon swim and flourish is it's waters. Also available trout and deep sea fishing in the area.
MENTION AD # 1324 WHEN PLACING YOUR RESERVATION, AND RECEIVE A SPECIAL GIFT AT CHECK-IN! Property amenities: Nearby attractions and activities: Location: Policy: Packages: Notes:
About This Supplier
Out-Of-The-Ordinary Ranking
Email it to a friend: Click here to email this vacation to a friend


text:
Thursday, June 12, 2008
Seattle Mariners
Welcome to the Seattle Mariners blog. The Mariners are a baseball franchise that plays in the American League of the MLB. The team was created in 1977 and currently holds the record for most wins in one season. They currently play at Safeco Park.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)


text:
Toyota Innova Crysta
Despite a steep increase in prices over the last model, the demand for the new Innova Crysta is very high – was that expected?
What we looked at initially, and what the customer also appreciates, is the value-for-money quotient of the product. If you look at the increase in prices, that's majorly because of two factors. First, it's an all-new model with a new design, and, secondly, there are a lot of new features – including an automatic gearbox. An automatic transmission alone adds up to Rs. 50,000-70,000. So, if you do an apples-to-apples comparison, the hike in prices is there for a reason. And it got acceptance largely because the customer expectations were met, since there's long been demand for a new Innova that looks and feels premium on the inside and out. So, the design has a bit of an SUV stance, which really appeals to the Indian customers – while the interior design and features are also appreciated equally.
Related Articles
Do you think this spike in demand is because the model is new, or do you believe you can sustain these kinds of volumes going through next year?
Based on the order flow, we believe that we can sustain this volume level for the next year or so. This is the first time that we've introduced the Innova with an automatic gearbox, so we benchmarked it against the previous Fortuner automatic – forecasting that 50% of the sales will come from the automatic version. But, initially, the demand for the Innova AT rose to over 70% of the total volumes. Now it's come down and stabilized at 60%, and in 6 months or so we expect it to hover around 50%. Also, around 50-60% of new Innova buyers are existing Toyota customers. So, we don't see any problem in carrying forward this momentum through next year.
What's the response to the petrol derivative of the Innova Crysta been so far?
The petrol version was launched largely for the NCR and other markets, like Kerala – but currently it's sales split stands at around 5%.
What's your take on the advancement of the Euro 6 norms? Do you think it'll be a challenge for manufacturers?
Toyota wholeheartedly supports any government initiative that's aimed towards the environment. The only challenge is that we need a definitive timeline so that we can develop products accordingly. For example, the Euro 6 norms were supposed to be applicable in 2023 at first, but the government has now decided to leapfrog from Euro 4 to Euro 6 directly in 2020. Although we're already working towards it, the government has to ensure that Euro 6 fuel is available across the country right from the start, since a Euro 6 vehicle won't run on Euro 4 fuel.
What about the new safety norms that are being proposed for 2017?
All of our products meet global safety norms, and it's no different for cars made in India. So, we're ready for it. On the safety front, we've incorporated some serious measures like making dual airbags, ABS and EBD standard across all models. Safety is paramount, and with the increasing awareness among people customers really appreciate our move.
Do the rising pollution levels in most of our metros make a stronger case for your hybrid models?
Yes, definitely. The main benefit of using hybrid tech in cars is that it doesn't require huge infrastructural changes. If the government considers that and supports manufacturers more, there can be a rapid transition on that front, which is actually the need of the hour. After the diesel ban and the odd-even policy, customers have become more aware. We've seen tremendous hike in the demand for our Camry Hybrid – not just in Delhi-NCR, but across the whole country. Over 95% of the Camry sales are hybrids in India.
In regards to the new Fortuner, what sales split do you expect between the petrol and diesel variants? Also, the Fortuner will face stiff competition from the Ford Endeavour – do you think you can retain your market share?
This is the first time that we've introduced the Fortuner with a petrol engine. So, we're really curious to see how it performs. We're expecting a positive response, especially in Delhi/NCR. As for competition, we think we'll do well irrespective. You see, the Fortuner is the only car that has managed 75% market share in a segment. The product DNA, the strength of the product, low cost of maintenance, and customer trust give us the confidence that we'll do well with the new model.
Given the success of SUVs in India, any plans to launch a small SUV in the near future?
The Indian customers' preference for SUVs is growing stronger no doubt. Our parent company is visiting and studying the market, and there will be a lot of work going on to see if a new, smaller product makes sense for us. But nothing is confirmed for the near future.
How do you see the implementation of GST affecting the auto industry?
Initially, the media speculated that GST would help the auto industry with price reductions. But, as explained by the finance ministry recently, the higher segment cars will attract 28% tax, plus additional cess. So, I don't think that it'll make much of a difference for us or for our customers. But, yes, the tax structure will be streamlined – which will be helpful for us and our dealers. GST will also help the country's economy grow, so, on the whole, it's a good call.


text:
Within the Opal Inn Hotel Motel Caravan Park
Free WiFi available
See Reception for details
Open daily 6.30 am to 9:00 pm
On-site manager after hours
Dining in
Bistro open for Lunch 12noon to 2pm and Dinner 6pm to 9pm
Restaurant open daily for Breakfast 6:45am to 9am.
Saloon Bar open from 11am Monday to Sunday.Lounge Bar - open Monday to Sunday.
Bottle Shop
Open from 11am to 8.00pm Monday - Sunday.Conventions
Full convention and meeting facilities are available.Tours, Transfers and Car Rentals
A wide range of tours in and around Coober Pedy are available and bookings can be arranged through Reception. Car rentals, airport and Ghan transfers can also be arranged.


text:
2:13 PM EDT, Thu March 23, 2017
There doesn't seem to be any recent rumors or news. Please check back again later.
EPL Player News
- 16
Jonas Olsson
Jonas Olsson promises to return to West Brom for 'proper farewell'
- 5
Jermain Defoe
Jermain Defoe is ready to make emotional return to West Ham in summer transfer window, says former Arsenal star Ian Wright
- 4
Gabriel Jesus
Neymar gives his Gabriel Jesus assessment as Man City star targets quick return
- 4
Chris Martin
Derby County recap: Internationals, Championship news and Rams...
- 4
Alexis Sanchez
Arsenal plot £25m bid for Barca playmaker as Gunners prepare for life without Alexis and/or Ozil


text:
Donaji & the Magical Poncho
This is the story of a fearless girl and her encounter with the wicked cold wind god
4.33 / 5.00 6,349 ViewsLog in to save your medals! Don't have an account? Create one for free!
Hope you guys dig this, I added some new stuff and tried to make more branches. Let me know what you guys think, thanks. ^_^
notes --
All medals are working, I tested them myself.
There is more than one ending in this one.
I tried to add the good features users suggested from the first one.
This game is about 3 times longer than the first one if you add up all the different endings and trees. I drew and wrote over 3 times as many frames for this game.
Major thanks Newgrounds for the front page! I'm totally flattered.
well this game is funny and realy good story but i liked the serious story
XD He actually drew a zombie with a dick. LOL Extra imaginary star just for that!


text:
Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
Published byRandolph Bridges Modified about 1 year ago
Chapter Two Hydrograph Convolution and Deconvolution
UH Convolution Suppose we had an excess (net) rainfall hyetograph and a 1-hour UH for an area, and we'd like to know what the actual storm hydrograph might look like.
The Procedure The procedure is a little like the time-area method we dealt with earlier. If you have the excess rainfall intensity in one hour increments, and the 1-hour UH, you can multiply the 1-hour UH by the rainfall intensity for each time interval, lag each resulting UH by the appropriate amount, and sum.
The Convolution Equation The UH Convolution formula is Where n is the time, P i is the rainfall excess at time increment i and U i is the unit hydrograph ordinate at time increment i.
An Example I'll go through the example in your text, first the way your author does it, then by a much easier method. Next slide.
You can do this with a spreadsheet—you write the UH ordinates down columns, each multiplied by the rainfall intensity for that hour, then lag each successive UH until the rain stops, then sum.
And for homework, we will do a unit hydrograph convolution to derive a storm hydrograph for area 1
The Intent So if we can make a UH, we can construct hydrographs based on hyetographs. While these aren't perfect, they can be calibrated for watersheds, with a goal of being able to adequately predict flooding.
Deconvolution If we had an actual storm hydrograph, and an excess rainfall hyetograph, we could produce the UH from them. We can solve each line of the convolution equation we used above IN ORDER for the U ordinates because each successive line adds only one unknown. The example in the text, which we will do in detail, illustrates this.
The deconvolution method Suppose we had a 4-hour rainfall that resulted in 7 hours of runoff, and we have a hyetograph and hydrograph for each. To get a UH, write out the convolution equations for this situation: You can solve these equations for the U ordinates one at a time, starting at the first. Note that you wouldn't have to solve the last three, because you'd already have all seven of the U ordinates.
Similar presentations
© 2017 SlidePlayer.com Inc.
All rights reserved.


text:
Commercial Wooden Mahogany Ladder Back Restaurant Bar Stool with Wooden Seat:
Other frame and seat options available online or by calling us at 1-800-986-5352.
Item #: TCB-W-WB101-MAH
Click on the image above to view the complete specification sheet.
In order to save you money on shipping costs, we ship the seats separately. We will include 4 screws for easy attachment. Screws should be 3/4" long for vinyl or solid wood seats. Please call us for additional instructions if needed. If you need assistance with assembly, please contact us at 1-800-986-5352.
"We got the bar stools and they look great. And the unloading was not bad at all. Thank you guys for your great service and good quality products. We will recommend you to our friends for sure." -Dina, NJ
"Thanks for your great, professional, always courteous service! Looking forward to doing business together again!" -Shneur, NY
"We are very happy with our new tables!! Thanks for all of your help, you definitely gave us 110% customer service. We will definitely come back for future needs!" -Barbara, GA
"The service I have received from your company (at every single interaction) has been outstanding, and I want you to know that it is noticed and appreciated! Anytime some one asks me about where to get barstools and the like I will send them your way!" -Gerard, PA
"Sure wish every business conducted its customer service affairs the same way!" -Patricia, CO


text:
Caffe DiVino. This is a two-day post because basically, we were homebodies the last two days... going to UCSF in the morning for Dad's treatment and then lounging at home. Well, I did work from home too which left less 'play' time, but I don't want to exhaust ALL my vacation time.
This morning we attempted to visit the Winship, but contrary to its advertised open times during the week for breakfast, it was most definitely closed. So we went to a most charming Italian caffe on Caledonia Street, Caffe DiVino. The owner is very much in sight and took our orders for the unique Italian omelets. Very good, and creative, pleasant interior with original art work on the walls and multi-colored wood inlaid tables.
Wednesday, August 03, 2005
Posted by Anna Haight at 10:09 PM
Labels: Marin Breakfasts, Sausalito
Subscribe to:
Post Comments (Atom)


text:
Links Business Directory Dating Holistic Bodywork Manuals Humour Learn Massage New Zealand Gift Ideas Travel
Natural Breast Enhancement
A Rich Source of Omega-3 & 6: Physiological and clinical research has shown that the majority of western diets are deficient in the Omega-3 essential fatty acids A deficiency of Omega-3 can he implicated in: Coronary Heart Disease: A large number of studies have shown that oils containing Omega-3 can have a number of beneficial effects in the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease. Omega-3's have been shown to reduce the cholesterol ratio, blood pressure, triglyceride levels, platelet aggregation (blood cloning tendency), artheroscierosis (plaque formation) and cardiac arrhythmia. Cancer: Omega-3 has been shown to selectively kill human cancer cells in tissue culture studies, without harming normal cells. Clinical studies are confirming the potential of high doses of Omega-3 to reduce tumour growth. Arthritis: Several double blind studies have shown that when oils rich in Omega-3 are taken as a dietary supplement, about two thirds of patients are able to discontinue their non steroidal drugs and a further 20 % can cut down their drug use. Skin Problems: Skin conditions such as psoriasis, acne, eczema and other allergic conditions, and dry skin have all been shown to be partly related to. Omega-3 deficiency. Stress: Omega-3 fatty acids are the precursors for the Series 3 prostaglandin's, which regulate immune function and are responsible for reversing the body's physiological response to stress. Some clinical studies have indicated a sense of calmness in response to Omega-3 '5. Growth and Development: Studies have shown that mothers require increased levels of Omega-3 during pregnancy and nursing for normal brain and eye development in their children. Waihi Bush Fresh Flax Seed Oil is 60% Omega-3 and one of natures richest sources, it's also unconditionally guaranteed: Free from trans fatty acids and free radicals due to the exclusive Omegaflo process which excludes light and oxygen a good source of high quality Omega-6 (15%) and Omega-9 (18%) fatty acids. Rich in it's own naturally occurring antioxidants, with 15 mg of mixed tocopherols (incl. 5 mg Vitamin E) and 1100 mg of mixed carotenoids (incl. 50 mg Beta carotene) per 100 grams. Bio-Gro certified organic, nothing added - nothing removed genuine cold pressed at 30 - 330C Fresh Original Organic Flax seed oil capsules or bulk Flax Boost provides a vegetarian source of secondary Omega-3 & Omega-6, with 0.2g Stearidonic Acid/100 designed to kick-start the body's ability to utilise Omega-3 EFAs Flax Balance; a blend of fresh Flax and Safflower seed oils formulated to provide the 1:1 ratio of Omega-3 to Omega-6 essential fatty acids (EFAs) needed to maintain good health. Further reading Arthritis Skin care References: Erasmus U Fats and oils - the Complete Guide. Simopoulos. A.P. (/99/) American Journal of Clinical Nutrition: 54:438-63.British Nutrition Foundation (1992). Unsaturated fatty acids nutritional and physiological significance. Chapman & Hall, London. Omega 3
Further reading Arthritis Skin care References: Erasmus U Fats and oils - the Complete Guide. Simopoulos. A.P. (/99/) American Journal of Clinical Nutrition: 54:438-63.British Nutrition Foundation (1992). Unsaturated fatty acids nutritional and physiological significance. Chapman & Hall, London.
Omega 3
Products 5HTP Acai Berry Alteril Angioprim Argan Oil Arthritis Prevention/ Recovery Aspirin Ayurstate Bee Venom Balm Bio Oil Bioperine Breast Enhancement Buccaline Berna Colloidal Silver Cialis Clear Pores Chlorella Colon Cleanse Colostrum Deer Velvet Del-Immune V Emu Oil Eye Tightener Flax Seed Oil Gen F 20 Glucosamine Sulphate Hair Care Human Growth Hormone Hoodia HyperGh14x Inosine Joint Pain Relief Krill Oil L-Arginine Maca Mahanarayan Oil Milo Mycreme Mussel Extract Olive Leaf Oral Spray Omega 3 Panadol Proextender System Proshape RX Propecia Provestra Resveratrol Rosacea Relief Rosehip Oil Syn-flex for osteoarthritis Schuessler's Tissue Salts Semenax Stretch Mark Therapy Total Curve Viagra Vig-rx VP RX Vigorelle Water Purification Weight Loss Products
Grow Your Own Breasts Naturally
Weight-lossProducts Reviewed
Disclaimer:All Information is provided for educational purposes only and not intended to be used for any therapeutic purpose, neither is it intended to diagnose, prevent, treat or cure any disease. Please consult a health care professional for diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions. While attempts have been made to ensure the accuracy of this information, The Health Information Network does not accept any responsibility for any errors or omissions. ©Copyright 2014 The Health Information Network


text:
Pay-Per-Minute Viewing
You can now enjoy this movie on your iPhone®, iPad®, or compatible Smart TV & Android devices.
Purchase Options
Streaming Rentals
Available MP4 sizes:
SD 480p (1.28 GB) DRM-free downloads offer content that is not limited by standard Digital Rights Management (DRM) access technologies. These technologies allow hardware manufacturers, publishers, copyright holders and individuals to limit the usage of digital content.
When you purchase DRM-free downloadable content, that content is available for you to download on any computer and save to a disk whenever you like. You can also download to multiple computers. There is no timeframe associated with your purchase and the content will not expire.
All Sex
French Speaking
When you've been on the road with your lady for hours and the urge takes hold of you, sometimes you may just pull over and fuck right on the car.
3 Scenes from Casse Auto
Sex Acts:
Toy Play - Vaginal, Anal Sex, Vaginal Sex, Tittie Fucking, Oral Sex, Toy Play - Anal, Pissing
Sex Acts:
Toy Play - Vaginal, Anal Sex, Pissing, Vaginal Sex, Oral Sex, 3-Way, Toy Play - Double Penetration
Piledriver, Reverse Cowgirl, Kneeling, Side Saddle, Standing Doggy Style, Laying, Crouching/Squatting
Recommended Movies
AEBN Cams


text: pendulum clock definition March 21, 2017 AZ Dictionary Link to this page noun: a-clock managed by a pendulum Related Sources Hyponym for "pendulum clock" longcase clock View More Hypernym for "pendulum clock" clock View More How would you define pendulum clock? All the definitions on AZdictionary were written by people just like you. Now's your chance to add your own! Your Full Name Your definition Post Definition


text:
Neil Mossey
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Neil Mossey is a British comedy writer and television producer.
His credits include Bounty Hamster (ITV1), My Parents Are Aliens (ITV1), The RDA with John Gordillo (BBC Choice) and RI:SE (Channel 4).
His radio credits include "It's That Jo Caulfield Again"
External links[edit]
This article about a writer or poet from the United Kingdom is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |


text:
Blast onto enemies and travel as far as you can to upgrade your Super Kitty in this bounce-tastic new distance game! Using super simple controls, control your ROCKET POGO STICK and bounce on top of enemies!
How to Play:
Use your Arrow keys to jump on the enemies.
Use your Up Arrow key to launch your rocket.
Tags: jumping · cat · platform
1,608 total plays


text:
While you plan your kitchen, plan it with Bushboard, the UK-based brand that creates unrivalled range of worktops, up-stands, splash backs and work surfaces. There is always the assurance of high quality and innovation with their lavish range of products. Bushboard worktops come in variety of designs and colors that suits any style kitchen.
They come in six ranges-
Omega- comes with stunning, fresh designs.
Prima- has classic wood grain designs coming in granite and textured laminate worktops.
Odyssey- comes with plentiful practical design worktops with matching up-stands to choose from.
M-stone- uses blended Quartz and has a variety of colors suiting any kitchen.
Nuance- is premium range worktops.
Encore- has engineered solid surface worktops with sleek affordable designs.
Most of them come with lifetime guarantee. The online options allow you to order up to six free samples online to be verified at your home. The online gallery helps compare and decide on your right choice.


text:
Friday, August 12, 2011
How to make sense of your auto insurance policy
The National Association of Insurance Commissioners has put out an excellent interactive guide to that confusing-looking "declarations page" that your auto insurer sends you.
It explains -- shortly and simply -- what the form means. (Collision? Comprehensive? Uninsured/underinsured? PIP? What?)
Check it out.


text:
Apply for Homecoming Royalty
NEW THIS YEAR: In an effort toward gender inclusivity, Student Unions and Activities has changed the titles of Homecoming "King and Queen" to the gender-neutral "Royalty." We wish to promote a spirit of inclusion at the University of Minnesota. This change allows the University to select the best student representatives for the U of M based on campus and community involvement — regardless of gender. What in the past would have been called "King" and "Queen" will now be called "Royals" and can be any combination of any gender identity.
Student Unions & Activities is seeking high-spirited, dedicated, and enthusiastic Gophers to fill the crowns of the University of Minnesota's Homecoming Royalty!
The Homecoming Royalty positions are very prestigious. As ambassadors and stewards of the University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Royalty will represent the University on campus and at a variety of external events such as the State Fair. Court Members also participate in various competitions in the months leading up to Homecoming for a chance to win the Royalty title. The opportunity to serve as the University's ambassadors of school spirit and pride is very rewarding. The two students who win the Royalty title will also be rewarded with a scholarship!
Being crowned as Royalty allows you to embody the true meaning of a being Gopher: a student who respectfully represents the University's values, connects with the diverse members of the University community, and has excellent school pride.
Interested in becoming royal? Apply here!
Know someone who'd make a great fit for Royalty? Send us a nomination at email@example.com!
Meet the 2016 Royals
2016 Homecoming King | Ethan Dado
Hey Gophers! My name is Ethan Dado and it was a honor to be selected as the 2016 Homecoming King! Currently, I am a Junior at the University of Minnesota studying Agricultural Education and Animal Science with goals to become a high school Agricultural Education Teacher. Homecoming was a great week spent meeting many new Gophers attending great events and most importantly, sharing our Gopher Spirit. Being on Homecoming Court was a fun yet rewarding process and was a week I will never forget. I would encourage everyone to apply for an opportunity to have a week of fun, meeting some fantastic people, while sharing your Gopher Pride!
2016 Homecoming Queen | Priyanka Shah
Hello! My name is Priyanka Shah and I will be graduating in May 2017 with a degree in Finance and International Business and a minor in Risk Management Insurance. Starting in June I will be working in the Business Intelligence department of Travelers Insurance in Saint Paul full time. It's been an absolute honor to represent this school as the Homecoming Queen. Running and campaigning not only introduced me to a lot of new people and places on campus, but solidified friendships and connections I had already made. Without the support of your friends, family and school, it is hard to be successful. So to see that exemplified in a different another new aspect of my life was amazing. I think in general, it gave me a deeper appreciation for the people in my life and my college experience. I would recommend this fun experience for anyone who genuinely loves this school and wants to be more involved in activities that touch a variety of student groups, colleges, and people in general.


text:
The situation seems to change every day. You can keep up with what's going on at my vpn in China blog. If you're planning on coming to China or are already here you should read about what kind of vpn in China you may need. As a sophomore, she pushed the district about what restrooms and locker rooms she should be allowed to use. She was later suspended for not adhering to ERUSD dress code for female students. But Holidayy, who chose to use the double y in her first and last names because she wanted her female moniker to be unique, was eventually asked to participate in updating the district non discrimination and harassment policy..
pandora bracelets Formatii de nunta pentru brbai sunt cele mai multe ori mai late dect inele de nunta pentru femei. Din moment ce barbatii au, n general, minile mai mari, proporional oamenii doresc inele mai mari. Inele de nunta pentru brbai, de asemenea, tind s fie mai grele, mai largi i uneori chiar chunkier. pandora bracelets
pandora jewellery As for a few tips on what to look for in a quality vpn, get something you feel comfortable with. If you're not sure about what to buy, get something with live support and a money back guarantee. Make sure your vpn company has servers in the USA (this is they key point to allow you watch Hulu in Canada).. pandora jewellery
pandora earrings Sports radio network SEN is in prime position for the B package of matches, said to be worth about $1 million, with negotiations also focusing on the new women's football league, and how it can diversify its callers. This could involve running http://www.pandorajewellry-canada.com/ a callers' seminar. The ABC, through its national reach, and Croc Media, with its focus on the country and interstate, will also retain a share of the rights.. pandora earrings
pandora charms Road Runner High Speed Online Internet service offered through Time Warner Cable has 24 hour support, 7 days a week. The are several reasons why this is a very good benefit. If you operate pandora sale your company out of your house and depend on your Internet hook up, you will have to be capable of contacting your sevice provider occasionally. pandora charms
pandora jewellery 1979) ("anything that can properly be called a business practice and at the same time is forbidden by law" (citations omitted)); accord Schwartz v. Upper Deck, 967 F. Supp. However, in order to manifest, you have to bring the feelings of your wishes come true (joy, relief, excitement) into your body and your energy field, regardless of what the numbers or scans say. These feelings help to change your energy or vibrational frequency and subsequently facilitate healing of the physical body. The good news is you don have to understand how it works for it to work pandora jewellery.


text:
Vortex Point 8
The gang needs to perform an exorcism in an abandoned lighthouse. Care to join?
4.14 / 5.00 5,369 ViewsAfter years of development, we're finally ready to show you a glimpse of what our huge "PickleMan Begins" game is going to be like! For a limited time, you lucky Newgrounds viewers have been selected to participate in our public beta test of the game. Please let us know what you think! We're extremely excited to finally share some of this game with you guys! Hope you like it as much as we do!!!!
Controls are:
Arrow Keys: Move
Space: Head Raise
Space + Arrow Keys: Move Fast
Other Keys: ?
Fuck, you almost fooled me!
I was going to write a very negative review, and suggest that you never relise the complete game, when I looked at the date of submission! Well, good prank!
God im old
I played the original ET for my 2600 and beat it.
neat that you used the old graphics but it wasn't much of a game.
quite funny, and a bit strange. Very pointless, but not too bad. I hope the actual game isn't just an extended repeat of this.
Pluss it seems like a waste of time, putting in all that efort to find i'd only eat 4.. well, i won't spoil it.
Sk8sheep =]
so, any other secret buttons?
enter plays a nice song, but that's about it...


text:
Because in this blog post, we discuss a most Hebraically significant day. For our uninformed gentile friends who focus their attention on the Easter Bunny or Crime Fightin' Chocolate Jesus, or whatever it is you non-chosen ones like to worship this weekend, the Jewish holiday of Passover commemorates the Exodus of Ron Jeremy's ancestors from Egypt. Moses, decidedly unhappy with the Pharaoh's refusal to pay his laborers prevailing wage rates on a handful of major construction projects, gathered up his peeps and walked off the jobsite altogether, never to return. Meanwhile, back in Egypt, mass chaos erupted when it was discovered that all the workers had left their tasty Pillsbury crescents in the oven and frogs started plummeting from the sky, much like the end of "Magnolia," only without musical accompaniment from Aimee Mann. After a brief jaunt in the desert, Moses settled his people in a nice sunny spot by the sea where they lived happily ever after and no one ever bothered them again. The End.
And that's Passover in a nutshell. For the first time in a while, Rickey's not going to a sedar. Is this a development that Rickey is a little, shall we say, Baruch Attah el-annoyed with? Not really. The lack of a formal sedar suits Rickey just fine--it's all about the food anyway, why pretend otherwise? So Rickey will be merely cooking for the occasion--trying his hand at some sort of yet undetermined roast beef dish and serving up his trusty matzo ball soup.
Because an integral part of any respectable Passover sedar involves some sort of game for gullible children, we feel that now is an entirely fitting time to announce the winner of our caption contest from earlier in the week. A hearty mazel tov goes out to Smitty, of Around the Keg, for grasping the low hanging fruit Rickey dangled in front of him and squeezing comedy gold from it. Smitty, your prize awaits--email Rickey at firstname.lastname@example.com with your mailing address, full social security number, and mother's maiden name, and we'll dispatch your signed photo posthaste. Enjoy the holiday weekend everybody. Boils, hail, and locusts permitting, we'll be back on Monday.
Friday, April 10, 2009
Why is This Blog Post Different From All Other Blog Posts?
7 comments:
- Bob said...
New jewish pick up line:
"Hey baby, wanna hook up? Ron Jeremy is one of my peeps." - April 10, 2009 at 9:42 AM
- Smitty said...
How Christians ever came to equate the Easter Bunny with the re-birth of the prophet we call our savior, I will never understand. Jewish symbolism and holidays are so straightforward. Christians? A rabbit and a fat dude in a red suit.
- April 10, 2009 at 10:36 AM
- Sassdawg. said...
We are doing Mrs Henderson's Strawberry Cupcakes for Easter Sunday, we were unable to find a 1oz bottle of Strawberry liquor for the frosting, so hopefully they're as good as you claimed. Alas, we were unable to locate Zeus Semen. - April 10, 2009 at 2:41 PM
- steves said...
I think that most Christians understand the the Easter Bunny and Santa are secular and have nothing to do with the relgious holiday.
- April 12, 2009 at 6:52 PM
- April 13, 2009 at 1:32 AM
- Smitty said...
I think that most Christians understand the the Easter Bunny and Santa are secular and have nothing to do with the relgious holiday.
way to miss the humor, steves. - April 13, 2009 at 9:54 AM
- HUNG SO LO said...
By Rebbe Moshe "hung so lo" Rabeynu, March 23, 2009
CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS MUST BE INCULCATED AS TO THE BENEFITS OF MASTURBATION IN THE ATTAINMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF A HEALTHY MIND AND A HEALTHY BODY! PENT UP SEXUAL FRUSTRATION IN CHILDREN HAS NEVER BEEN HONESTLY AND ADEQUATELY DISCUSSED AND DEALT WITH IN JEWISH DISCOURSE AND DOCTRINE. MODERN LIFESTYLES AFFORD INDIVIDUALS THE PRIVACY AND HYGIENIC FACILITIES NECESSARY TO MASTURBATE IN A PRIVATE, DIGNIFIED AND SANITARY MANNER. ONE CAN WELL UNDERSTAND THE IRE THAT WAS AROUSED BY MASTURBATING INDIVIDUALS FOUR THOUSAND YEARS AGO WHEN AN ENTIRE LARGE FAMILY LIVED TOGETHER IN A TENT IN AN ARID LOCATION. NOBODY WANTED TO HAVE A WAD OF FLYING JISSUM HIT HIM IN THE EYE OR LAND IN HIS HUMUS. WATER WAS SCARCE AND ONE HAD TO WALK , SOMETIMES LONG DISTANCES, TO THE WELL TO GET IT, IF IT WAS AVAILABLE AT ALL. UNDER THESE CIRCUMSTANCES IT WAS A CHOICE OF WATER FOR DRINKING OR WATER FOR WASHING EJACULATE OFF OF ONE'S HANDS. THIS IS WHY THE EARLY SAGES WERE SO VOCIFEROUS IN THEIR CONDEMNATION OF MASTURBATION. WE JEWISH PEOPLE HAVE ALWAYS BEEN A HORNY BUNCH AND, IF THERE WEREN'T THESE SEVERE STRICTURES AGAINST MASTURBATION AT THAT TIME, THERE WOULD HAVE BEEN ERRANT CUMSTAINS ALL OVER THE PLACE AND THE SMELL OF FRESHLY RELEASED JISSUM WOULD HAVE WAFTED FAR AND WIDE, EVEN WITHIN THE HALLOWED HALLWAYS OF THE SACRED TEMPLE ITSELF. TIMES HAVE CHANGED. IF PARENTS TODAY STRESS THE BENEFITS OF MASTURBATION TO THEIR CHILDREN, THEY WILL HELP LESSEN THE OCCURRENCE OF STDs, AND UNPLANNED PREGNANCIES. SCHOLARSHIP LEVELS WOULD INCREASE DRAMATICALLY WITH THE RELEASE OF PENT UP ADOLESCENT EJACULATORY TENSION. .WHAT PARENT HASN'T FRETTED AND WORRIED OVER THE MOODINESS AND SURLINESS OF HIS ADOLESCENT OFFSPRING? THERE IS REALLY NO MYSTERY AS TO WHY THE LITTLE BASTARDS ARE ACTING OUT SO WILDLY. THEIR HORMONES ARE CAUSING THEM HIGH LEVELS OF DISCOMFORT AND FRUSTRATION. INSTEAD OF MAKING THEM MASTURBATE FURTIVELY UNDER THE BEDCOVERS IN A NIGHTLY GUILT- RIDDEN FRENZY OF PENT-UP SEXUAL DESIRE, THEY SHOULD BE GUIDED TO A CIVILIZED AND GUILT-FREE MASTURBATORY REGIMEN. IF NECESSARY, PARENTS SHOULD SET AN EXAMPLE FOR THEIR CHILDREN AS TO THE PROPER METHODOLOGY FOR THIS ACTIVITY AND FOLLOW UP AND MAKE SURE THAT THEIR CHILDREN ARE MASTURBATING REGULARLY AT AN OPTIMUM FREQUENCY. KEEPING A MASTURBATION DIARY COULD BE A VERY USEFUL TOOL IN MAINTAINING THE PROPER SCHEDULE. EVERY PARENT SHOULD ASK HIS CHILDREN ON A DAILY BASIS, "DID YOU DO YOUR HOMEWORK AND MASTURBATE TODAY?" OH, OF COURSE, THE CHABADNIKS AND THE FRUMNIKS AND THE HAREDINIKS WILL YELL OUT, "BUT RAMBAM SAID THIS, AND RASHI SAID THAT AND RABBI AKIVA SAID THIS, AND THAT, ABOUT THE EVILS OF MASTURBATION." PROBABLY ALL THREE OF THEM WERE MASTURBATING WHILE THEY WERE WRITING THESE STRICTURES, ANOTHER CASE OF "DO AS I SAY, NOT AS I DO". WE MUST NOT CONTINUE TO LET OTHERS DO OUR THINKING FOR US UNDER THE GUISE OF DIVINE REVELATION AND RELIGIOUS EXPERTISE. WE CANNOT LET BACKWARD LOOKING ZEALOTS WITH THEIR ARCHAIC, OUTDATED AND ANACHRONISTIC MORALISTIC MISCONCEPTIONS CAST THEIR PALL OVER THE HEALTH-CONSCIOUS MASTURBATORS OF THE WORLD. SHALOM AND ZEI GEZUNT!
Rabbi Rabeynu is available for additional advice and discussion on HTTP://theyeshivabucher.blogspot.com - April 15, 2009 at 4:47 PM