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Richard Crossley, London, 1806
A quite fine example in the Old English Pattern with downturned tip and large bowl having a single drop heel, the terminal crested for the family of Ormesby (Ormsby) : a dexter arm embowed in armour holding in the hand a man's leg also in armour couped at the thigh, all proper Ormesby family who were originally seated at Nun Ormesby (or North Ormesby) and Louth in the County of Lincolnshire in the East of England. . A member of the Lincolnshire branch who descended from Henry Ormsby, or Ormesby settled in Ireland during the reign of Elizabeth I. From this Irish branch of the family descended notably the Ormsbys, of Cloghan in the County of Mayo and the Ormsbys, of Willowbrook in the County of Sligo. Condition : Excellent, with expected patination of small scratches; crisp marks 12.5" Long / 4.8 oz. Troy 370.00 #6547 Price : Please Inquire |
Heraldry Courtesy of John Tunesi of Liongam
Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
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(Updated December 2016)
Countries with well-developed electricity infrastructure have established grids run by transmission system operators (TSO) to convey power to distribution systems where it is needed. Where generating plants can be located close to load centres, these are less important than where the plants are remote, as with many hydro-electric plants and wind farms. Lower voltage can be used. At higher voltages, eg 500kV and above, transmission losses over hundreds of kilometres are much reduced. At ultra-high voltages (UHV) eg 1000 kV AC or 800 kV DC, losses are further reduced (eg to 5% over 1000 km) but capital requirements are greater. New plans are for 1100 kV DC and 1050 kV AC links. In Germany consideration is being given to converting some existing AC lines to DC to increase their capacity.
Transmission losses are often around 6%, though a world average is given as 8%. In the USA the estimate is about 6%, or 250 TWh per year, worth some $20 billion. The EU loses 6% but the UK figure is 8%. China is working to reduce transmission losses from 6.6% in 2010 to 5.7% in 2020, Japan in 2013 had 5% losses and South Korea 3%. In India transmission losses in 2011 were 222 TWh (21%) and in 2013 were 18%, mostly attributed to theft. Some countries are higher. (International Energy Agency statistics)
Wholesale distribution companies ('discos') step the voltage down with transformers, eventually to domestic voltage, and market the electricity.
Transmission grids are normally alternating current (AC), which can readily be transformed to higher or lower voltages. Increasingly, direct current (DC) links are being used for particular projects, particularly undersea cables linking countries or linking offshore wind farms to onshore grids via converter stations. Also high-voltage DC links (HVDC) are becoming more important for long-distance efficient transmission.
Typically 132 kV or higher voltage will connect power plants and provide the backbone of a grid system, while 66 kV, 33 kV or 11 kV may connect renewable generation sources such as wind to it. Distribution is at 400 volts and eventually less.
In a synchronous grid such as western Europe, all generators are in phase, allowing AC power to be transmitted throughout the area, connecting a large number of electricity generators and consumers and potentially enabling more efficient electricity markets and redundant generation capacity. In May 2014 the power grids and exchanges in southern and north-western Europe were connected, covering about 70% of European customers and with annual consumption of almost 2400 TWh. The common day-ahead power market created through the physical and financial integration of the two regions extends from Portugal to Finland. This is expected to lead to a more efficient utilization of the power system and cross-border infrastructures, as a result of a better harmonization between energy markets. It is expected that electricity markets in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary and Romania will join similarly and then link to the rest of Europe. Poland is partially integrated with north-western region in Europe through a subsea line to Sweden. Italy's possible integration will depend on Switzerland's discussions with the European Union on connecting power systems.
Sometimes AC grids are connected by high voltage DC (HVDC) links, using voltage-source converters (VSCs). HVDC allows connection of asynchronous AC systems. Over 300 GW of new HVDC transmission capacity is expected to be added to world grids by 2020, two-thirds of this in China to connect inland renewable (especially hydro) sources to coastal load centres. In July 2016 Siemens received its first order for 1100 kV converter transformers for the 3200 km 12 GW Changji to Guquan HVDC link in China, expected in operation at the end of 2018.
One major issue for many countries setting out to add nuclear capacity to their infrastructure is the size of their grid system. Many nuclear power plants are larger than the fossil fuel plants they supplement or replace, and it does not make sense to have any generating unit more than about one tenth the capacity of the grid (maybe 15% if there is high reserve capacity). This is so that the plant can be taken offline for refueling or maintenance, or due to unforeseen events. The grid capacity and quality may also be considered regionally, as with Jordan for instance. In many situations, as much investment in the grid may be needed as in the power plant(s).
In Europe, the power transmission system operating body ENTSO-E, comprising 41 TSOs from 34 countries, has assessed the ability of Europe's grid networks to become a single internal energy market. This will require some $128 billion in new and upgraded power lines on order to meet the EU's renewables and energy market integration goals. It identified 100 power bottlenecks standing in the way, with 80% of them relating to the challenge of integrating renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power into national grids. One goal (set in 2002) is to have a level of interconnection for each country at least equivalent to 10% of its generating capacity, to achieve trans-EU electricity infrastructure. This was far from being achieved in 2013, but the above investment will bring it about for all EU countries except Spain. One bottleneck is being addressed by building a 1400 MWe HVDC link 65 km across the Pyrenees to double the Spain-France capacity, the longest underground HVDC link in the world, costing €700 million. A planned second link undersea will increase interconnection to 5000 MWe about 2020.
Transmission capacity from producers needs to be sufficient for peak output from them. Hence per MWh delivered to wholesalers this is three or four times more costly for intermittent renewables than for base-load plants. In Austria the grid availability and line loss charges for 2015 are set so as to be about €3.50/MWh for renewables.
Germany is a prime example of the need for increased transmission capacity, having its traditional fossil fuel and nuclear power generation plants in the south, with lines spreading from there to the rest of the country, while wind power sources are along its northern Baltic coast. Hence its existing north-to-south to lines have become bottlenecks, incapable of transmitting sufficient wind-generated power from the north to replace closed capacity in the south.
Much of the European investment needs to be on refurbishment or construction of about 51,000 km of extra high voltage power lines and cables, to be clustered into 100 major investment projects dealing with the main bottlenecks. "The fast and massive development of renewable energy sources drives larger, more volatile, power flows over longer distances across Europe and is responsible for 80 out of 100 identified bottlenecks," according to ENTSO-E's 2012 Ten-Year Network Development Plan.
The TSOs said their analysis showed that extending the grid by only 1.3 percent enables the addition of 3 percent generation capacity and the integration of 125 gigawatts of renewable energy sources -- all at a cost of 2 cents per kilowatt-hour for electricity consumers over a 10 year span. "Cumbersome permit-granting procedures and a lack of public acceptance for power lines are presently the most relevant obstacles" facing the efforts. Hence ENTSO-E proposes that each EU member state should designate a single competent authority responsible for the completion of the entire permit-granting process, which would not exceed 3 years.
Another goal of the EU's grid infrastructure efforts is reducing the "energy island" status of Italy, Iberian Peninsula, Ireland, UK and Baltic states. This will be addressed by the upgrades, while reducing the total generation costs by about 5%.
The planned 1.4 GWe Nordlink HVDC connection between Germany and Norway has great potential to link northern Germany's solar and wind capacity with Norway's hydro from 2020, providing crucial back-up for Germany and enabling surplus wind and solar power to be exported north. The 620 km link west of Denmark is expected to cost $2.8 billion total. However, Norway is insisting that the deal take account of the fact that its hydro capacity is dispatchable, and that it be part of any capacity market which rewards this attribute in backing up Germany's intermittency. Germany is reported to see the link as vital to its plans for phasing out dispatchable nuclear power in 2022. Norway's Stattnett will own 50%, Germany's TenneT TSO and a state-owned bank KfW Group will own 25% each. Norway produces about 95% of it electricity from hydro. It already has transmission links with Sweden, Denmark (1700 MWe, with another 700 MWe HVDC planned), and Netherlands (NorNed, 700 MWe), and is building a 730 km, €2 billion HVDC link to UK (1.4 GWe NSN link, due on stream in 2021). The NSN project has been chosen as one of the European Commission's projects to help establish an integrated EU energy market.
An EC-sponsored Booz study in 2013 supported ENTSO-E's plan to increase transmission by 40% by 2020, but said this rate must be maintained to 2030. "Around 90% of the benefits are achievable even if only half the desirable increment in transmission capacity is achieved, even without demand side reduction," it said. The study said that integrating EU electricity markets more closely could yield up to €40 billion per year in benefits by 2030, and coordinating renewables investment could add €30 billion per year to that. Improving demand-side responses with smart grids could add up to €5 billion/year, and sharing balancing costs could add up to €0.5 billion/ year, the study says, bringing total potential benefits to €75.5 billion/year by 2030.
In a world perspective, France's RTE estimates that $700 billion investment in the 16 largest grids handling 70% of world electricity is required over the ten years to 2022, partly on account of integrating renewable sources. The 16 grids have 2.2 million km of lines. RTE itself plans to invest $19 billion by 2020. In developed countries grid development is slow due to the approval process and public opposition.
The main challenges for grid management are frequency and voltage control, in the course of supplying demand which is constantly varying. This means that there must be dispatchable capacity available for TSOs to call upon. Traditionally this is dispatched in merit order, ie according to lowest marginal cost. However, with the establishment of preferential access for intermittent renewables, coupled with relatively high feed-in tariffs or other arrangements, this is increasingly compromised. Where there is large intermittent renewable capacity connected to the grid, supply from it may meet much of the demand or even exceed it at times, which means that reliable, low-marginal cost capacity is then shut down. Since that kind of plant is often high-capital, low-running cost equipment, its economic viability is subverted.
Grid management authorities faced with the need to be able to dispatch power at short notice treat wind-generated power not as an available source of supply which can be called upon when needed but as an unpredictable drop in demand. In any case wind needs about 90% back-up, whereas the level of back-up for other forms of power generation which can be called upon on demand is around 25%, simply allowing for maintenance downtime. Some discussion on the integration costs of renewables is in the companion WNA paper on Renewable Energy and Electricity.
Where there is substantial renewables input on occasions, there are increasing calls for capacity payments, or capacity remuneration mechanisms (CRM) – provision to pay utilities to keep dispatchable capacity available and, in the medium term, to encourage investment in such. Germany is the country which has seen most gas-fired plant made uneconomic by its Energiewende provisions to encourage renewables, and it is proposing two types of capacity payments: one customer-based as in France, and one with a central buyer, as planned for UK. At the start of 2014, half of EU countries had or were planning some kind of capacity market. In the UK system, capacity requirement will be defined administratively according to TSO forecasts, and the price determined by auction. In the French system, capacity requirement is defined by decentralised demand in the retail market, and price is determined by tradeable certificates. The central system has the effect of socialising investment risks. The first UK auction for 2018-19 capacity will be in November 2014. Eurelectric has called for CRMs to be market-based rather than state aid, and to be technology-neutral and non-discriminatory, and regionally linked.
Maintaining dispatchable power is increasingly difficult with the advent of high renewables capacity. But the costs of failing to meet demand are very high. The value of lost load (VOLL) is estimated at 50 to 350 times the price of a delivered kWh. Hence a capacity margin must be maintained to cater for unexpected surges in demand and the variability of renewables input.
One of the basic functions of a TSO is to ensure that voltage in distribution networks and frequency do not depart significantly from the criteria set. It also needs to control the power flow (network loading) and cater for unusual disturbances. A TSO will often contract for these ancillary services in advance.
Frequency control ancillary services (FCAS) are fundamental, and there are two types in a grid: regulation control smooths out the routine minor load or generation variation; contingency control is correction of the generation-demand balance to avoid large frequency excursions in the network arising from a major interruption in supply. The first is used continually and centrally controlled, the latter only occasionally and more locally.
In the UK, the National Grid has a statutory duty to maintain the frequency in the range of 49.5–50.5 hertz and usually maintains it at 49.8 Hz to 50.2 Hz. In Australia the automatic generation control maintains frequency at 49.85 to 50.15 Hz. Elsewhere, 0.25 Hz variation can be tolerated. Regulation control is by adjusting power output from generators. Contingency control may require more major changes to generation, or load shedding, depending on timeframe. In France, 49.2 Hz is designated the security level, and below 49 Hz load shedding occurs.
Rapid frequency changes are attenuated due to the inertia of the rotating turbine generators in conventional synchronous power plants, this being called instantaneous reserve. In systems with high renewables contribution the electronics of the feed-in inverters can emulate this to some extent as synthetic inertia. Without this, it is necessary to limit the instantaneous penetration from asynchronous sources such as solar and wind. As well as this there is normally emergency reserve or 'spinning reserve' equal to the capacity of the largest generator in the system.
Following a complete blackout in the whole state of South Australia in September 2016 due to loss of voltage and frequency control when most power was coming from wind farms, the Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) will require at least two synchronous generators always to be online in the state (as well as keeping some reserve capacity from interstate). The third AEMO interim report on the incident says: "System strength … primarily depends on the quantity of nearby online synchronous generators."
A key metric is the rate of change of frequency (RoCoF). Small plants are set up to survive only small RoCoF, e.g. 0.5 Hz/s, and with any more they trip out (disconnect). Large generators have to survive up to 3 Hz/s RoCoF before tripping out. A major blackout in South Australia in September 2016 resulted after the RoCoF reached 7 Hz/s.
Early in 2016 the UK's National Grid got a strong response to a tender for 200 MWe 'enhanced frequency response'. It offered four-year contracts for capacity able to provide 100% active power output in a second or less of registering a frequency deviation. Some 888 MWe of battery capacity was offered, 150 MWe of interconnection, 100 MWe of demand-side response and 50 MWe of flywheel capacity. In September the winning bids for enhanced frequency response were announced – the 64 projects being from 10 MWe to 49 MWe and costing £66 million in total. All but three involve battery storage. The winning bids ranged from £7 to £12 per MWh of enhanced frequency response.
In Europe, there has been a proposal for TSOs to allow more variation in frequency, e.g. from 50 down to 47.5 Hz for extended periods, so that intermittent renewable sources can better be accommodated. Increased contribution from renewables is called for by some EU governments, but in the case of Germany an ancillary services study to 2033 suggests that frequency control can be managed. ENTSO-E says that that the proposal for greater flexibility is to resolve "cross-border network issues and market integration issues," one of which requires "facilitating the targets for penetration of renewable generation." Currently, variation of up to 1 Hz is allowed briefly. The Western European Nuclear Regulators Association (WENRA) has said this proposal has "the potential to negatively affect nuclear safety" because "the definition for the range of frequency and voltage is too large." In addition, variability accelerates the ageing of some plant components, especially electric motors. ENTSO-E data shows that increased penetration of renewables is related to a sharp rise in the number and duration of frequency events.
Under technical and design specifications for nuclear safety the lowest frequency allowed for safety-related equipment is 48 Hz and a frequency below that means, for example, that a coolant pump might operate too slowly. Furthermore, nuclear legislation of several WENRA countries does not allow nuclear plants to participate in frequency control or load following, as proposed by ENTSOE-E.
Voltage control ancillary services are related to keeping power flow within the physical limitations of equipment. One method of voltage control is where generators absorb reactive power from the electricity grid or generate reactive power onto it, and control the local voltage accordingly. In the EU the permanently permissible range of generator voltage variation is defined from 95% to 105% of rated voltage for up to 15 minutes. For a limited time, generators ought to be capable of operating in a voltage range from 92% to 108% of rated voltage in order to compensate for TSO issues, basically to ensure synchronous operation of the grid and support the system when local voltage problems occur (e.g. to avoid voltage collapse). At the transmission system connection point for distribution, the voltage is allowed to vary by 10%. In Germany several new means of providing increased reactive power in the grid are being explored, including phase shift transformers, and some redispatch can be used. Also provision of reactive power via inverter stations of planned HVDC lines is envisaged.
Controlling voltage and frequency coupled with rapid ramp up and down are the main challenges arising from the increasing share of solar and wind renewables in any grid. Sufficient dispatchable synchronous generation capacity must be connected in order to provide inertia to maintain frequency. Asynchronous input from wind and solar PV is not on its own able to provide the required controls to ensure system security, and this limits their penetration unless the electronics of the feed-in inverters from wind turbines emulates this.
Some definitions of ancillary services include redispatch and curtailment, along with load-following, among other services to achieve reliable operation of the grid. They are a new phenomenon arising from excessive solar and wind capacity which normally has priority. (Hydro as a renewable source can be turned off without loss of the potential energy, which remains available on demand as a dispatchable source.)
As the role of renewable sources increases, there has been more attention paid to system effects relating to the interaction of variable renewables with dispatchable technologies. System effects refer to the costs above plant-level costs to supply electricity at a given load and level of security of supply. A 2012 OECD Nuclear Energy Agency report focused on "grid-level system costs", the subset of system costs mediated by the electricity grid, which include a) the costs of extending and reinforcing transport and distribution grids as well as connecting new capacity, and b) the costs of increased short-term balancing and maintaining the long-term adequacy and security of electricity supply.
The report showed that while all technologies generate system costs, those of dispatchable generators are at least an order of magnitude lower than those of variable renewables. If the system costs of variable renewables were included at the level of the electricity grid, the total costs of electricity supply increased by up to one-third, depending on country, technology and penetration levels. While grid-level system costs for dispatchable technologies are lower than US$ 3 /MWh, they can reach up to $40 /MWh for onshore wind, up to $45 /MWh for offshore wind and up to $80 /MWh for solar. In addition, the greater the penetration of intermittent renewables, the higher the system costs. Introducing renewables up to 10% of total electricity supply will increase MWh costs 5% to 50% (depending on country) and typically 13-14%, but with 30% renewables the MWh costs will typically increase by one-third.
Currently, such grid-level costs are simply absorbed by electricity consumers through higher network charges, and by the producers of dispatchable electricity in the form of reduced margins and lower load factors. Failing to account for system costs means adding implicit subsidies to already sizeable explicit subsidies for variable renewables. As long as this situation continues, dispatchable technologies will increasingly not be replaced as they reach the end of their operating lifetimes, thereby seriously diminishing security of supply. Meanwhile their economic viability is seriously eroded, with the effect most marked on those technologies with the highest variable costs. Maintaining high levels of security of electricity supply in decarbonising electricity systems with significant shares of variable renewables will require incentives to internalise the system costs, as well as market designs that adequately cover the cost of all dispatchable power production, including low-carbon nuclear energy.
The NEA report concluded that nuclear power will fare relatively better than coal or gas in the short run due to its low variable costs. In the long run, however, when new investment decisions need to be made, reduced load factors will disproportionately penalise technologies with high fixed costs such as nuclear, due to reduced capacity utilisation. In systems that currently use nuclear energy, the introduction of variable renewables is therefore likely to lead to an increase in overall carbon emissions due to the use of higher carbon-emitting technologies such as gas as back-up (notwithstanding the short-term impact on its viability).
The existence of high system costs implies that significant changes will be needed to enable an economically viable coexistence of nuclear energy and renewables in increasingly decarbonised electricity systems. Such changes may include more widespread use of carbon pricing, long-term power supply contracts, and capacity payment mechanisms in order to provide adequate incentives for new investment.
The NEA report makes four recommendations:
The vital role of transmission infrastructure gives rise to concerns about its vulnerability to hostile nation or terrorist attacks. The USA could be blacked out for as long as 18 months by terror attacks on nine vital transformer substations, according to a Federal Energy Regulatory Commission study. A US bill awaits passage in the House: the Critical Infrastructure Protection Act. Other nations and the EU are considering these vulnerabilities also. Threats range from a high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (EMP), which would cause deep and widespread damage, to rifle fire on a transformer substation, and cyber attacks.
China is developing a very sophisticated grid system, since its main coal deposits are in the north, its main wind potential in the far west and its nuclear plants are on the coast – close to load centres. The grid system run by the State Grid Corporation of China (SGCC) and China Southern Power Grid Co (CSG) is growing rapidly, utilising ultra high voltage (1000 kV AC from 2009, and 800 kV DC from 2010) transmission. By 2015 SGCC invested CNY 500 billion ($75.5 billion) to extend the UHV grid to 40,000 km. By 2020, the capacity of the UHV network is expected to be some 300-400 GW, which will function as the backbone of the whole system, connecting six regional clusters. By 2020 there should be 400 GWe of clean energy sources connected, of which hydropower will account for 78 GWe, and wind power from the north a further significant portion. Wind capacity by 2020 is planned to be over 100 GWe. However, in 2015 some 34 TWh of wind output – about 20% – was forgone because of inadequate grid connections, according to the National Energy Administration.
At the end of 2009, China had budgeted to spend $600 billion upgrading its grid. Over 2014 to 2020 high-voltage transmission lines are expected to increase from 1.15 million circuit km to 1.6 million circuit km, in line with a substantial increase in generation capacity, and operational transmission losses are expected to be 5.7%, down from 6.6% in 2010. SGCC is also building export projects – see Brazil below.
A UHV DC link from Yunnan to Shenzhen in Guangdong is almost 2000 km and cost CNY 22 billion ($3 billion) for CSG, and will transmit 20 TWh/yr from 2017. It is one of 11 major transmission line projects.
The northern part of India suffered two massive grid failures in July 2012 leaving first 390 million people without power, and a day later, some 680 million in 22 states, highlighting the country's infrastructure challenges. The Northern grid was the first affected, then this plus parts of the Eastern and North-eastern grids, after low voltage in one place tripped a link and this led to cascade tripping. Most of the under-frequency relays (UFRs) in the northern region did not work, and load dispatch centres did not respond to the problem. Power to some essential services was restored after a few hours each time, but others were out for more than a day. All five grids are controlled by the Power Grid Corporation, which operates 95,000 km of transmission lines. The country has 33 state load dispatch centres (SLDCs), five Regional load dispatch centres (RLDCs), and a national load dispatch centre.
The USA has a patchwork of grids which are often barely interconnected. The Western Interconnection includes about 11 states plus British Columbia and Alberta. ERCOT includes most of Texas, and Eastern Interconnection takes in the rest of USA and Canada. There is very little grid capacity in the middle of the country. Exelon has temporarily curtailed off-peak output at one or more of its nuclear plants in Illinois numerous times for more than a year because of grid constraints in the PJM interconnection area. The company has previously said intermittent grid congestion has been occurring in the region around those plants because of transmission line outages for scheduled maintenance, large influxes of wind-generated power into the grid during off-peak hours, or a combination of those factors.
In 2012 a report from the American Society of Civil Engineers said that ageing equipment and lack of capacity was leading to intermittent failures, and said that an extra $107 billion investment was needed by 2020. This may be conservative. In September 2011 a simple error led to a cascading and uncontrolled failure which affected southern California and was the most extensive in the state's history. It rivalled the 2003 failure which left much of the northeast and 50 million people without power. Among the four main causes for the Northeast blackout that investigators listed six months later: The primary utility "did not recognize or understand the deteriorating condition of its system." Over 1965 to 2009, there were 57 major grid failures in the USA and Canada, according to a study by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 41 of those in the USA and two of them shared.
A 2011 MIT report said that the US grid faced "a number of serious challenges over the next two decades, while new technologies also present valuable opportunities for meeting these challenges." Incorporating more renewable generation is one challenge, increased penetration of electric vehicles is another. But "the diversity of ownership and regulatory structures within the U.S. grid complicates policy-making, and a number of institutional, regulatory, and technical impediments remain that require action." It made recommendations accordingly.
In August 2014 a new 530 km, 1000 MWe capacity HVDC line, the Champlain Hudson Power Express (CHPE) gained final approval and will be installed underground and underwater, originating at the Canadian border in Quebec and running the length of Lake Champlain and through parts of the Hudson, Harlem, and East Rivers to New York City. Cost is put at $2.2 billion, with completion by early 2018. It is seen as hardened infrastructure, providing 1 GWe that is immune to natural disasters. In December 2016 the New England Clean Power Link was approved, a 1000 MW HVDC line over 246 km from Canada to Vermont, two-thirds of it under Lake Champlain. Hydro-Québec is offering 3000 MWe surplus capacity to US markets.
Another HVDC project, the 1000 MWe Lake Erie CleanPower Connector, will bring Ontario power 105 km to the PJM grid supplying 13 states in NE USA at a cost of about $1 billion.
In November 2013 the 1500 MWe Gateway project was approved by the US government, a 1600 km HVAC link from southern Wyoming to southern Idaho to strengthen the western grid and transmit wind power west to a more populous area.
In 2015 a $2 billion Clean Line Energy proposal was being put forward for a 1129 km 3500 MWe HVDC transmission link from wind farms in Oklahoma and Texas to Memphis, Tennessee, linking with the TVA grid. Construction of this Plains & Eastern Clean Line is due to start in 2017 for 2020 commissioning, with GE supplying the HVDC converter stations. Arkansas initially opposed the project. This is the first of several projects to link wind generation in the middle of the continent to markets east and west. The proposed Grain Belt Express Clean Line will be 1250 km HVDC from western Kansas across northern Missouri and Illinois, connecting with the PJM Interconnection market. Other proposals are for links from wind farms in northern Texas and western Kansas.
In 2014 ERCOT's Competitive Renewable Energy Zones (CREZs) came into operation, linking 11.6 GWe of wind generation in north Texas panhandle and west Texas with load centres in the south, with 5700 km of 345 kV transmission lines. It is designed to accommodate 18.5 GWe. The wind generation is backed up by a large fleet of natural gas combined cycle units.
In mid-2016 the California Independent System Operator (CAISO) said in a 700-page report that expanding its operations to include more western states would result in a more efficient electricity grid, reduce greenhouse gas emissions across the west, as well as meet or exceed the state's goal of obtaining half of its energy from renewable sources. The study showed that an 11-state regional market would cut costs by allowing generators to sell excess electricity more easily across state lines, as well as letting California import larger amounts of renewable energy from neighbouring states. CAISO said that California was set to produce a surplus of 13 GWe of renewable energy by 2025 that would have to be shut down when peak generation exceeded demand. Expanding the ISO territory would enable this to be shared or dumped interstate without shutting down turbines.
In Germany the existing north-to-south to lines are overloaded and incapable of transmitting sufficient wind-generated power from the north to replace closed capacity in the south. In May 2011 the German federal network agency and grid authority, Bundesnetzagentur (BNetzA), reported on the implications of plans to close down nuclear generation and greatly ramp up the contribution of wind and solar sources. It strongly warned of resulting vulnerability to major failures and also unreliability especially in the south. Grid stability was the major concern, along with generation and transmission capacity.
In December 2012 a report from the German Energy Agency (Deutsche Energie-Agentur GmbH, DENA) showed that investment of €27.5 billion to €42.5 billion was required by 2030 to expand and upgrade electricity distribution to cope with increased renewables share of supply. The DENA Distribution Study said that grid and distribution expansion of 135,000 km to 193,000 km was needed. It called for reforms to the regulatory framework to help network operators realise the returns needed as incentives for the necessary investments. DENA is 50%-owned by federal government ministries and 50% by German financial institutions. The Distribution Study was supported by German generation and grid companies including EnBW, EOn and Vattenfall.
In October 2015 the government approved plans for four major high-voltage DC transmission lines totalling about 1000 km from the north, and close to populated areas, to be built underground, initially due to Bavarian opposition to overhead lines. The energy ministry estimated that the underground option would cost €3 to €8 billion more than overhead lines, to be added to consumers' bills, but was expected to speed up approvals. In May 2016 BNetzA put the cost of the required 7000 km of new transmission lines at €35 billion, with priority given to the three north-south links by 2022 when the last nuclear plant is due to close. Plans for these four north-south HVDC corridors are behind schedule.
As well as 2800 km of new lines – jointly called SuedLink – about 1500 km of the present grid is being upgraded. State governments have agreed to let BNetzA coordinate plans, rather than asserting regional interests. One project under construction is the 380 kV so-called Thuringer Bridge transmission link connecting Saxony-Anhalt in eastern Germany with Bavaria and due to be completed early in 2016. A further increase in north-south transmission capacity is planned by converting the 400 km North Rhine-Westphalia to Baden-Württemberg line to 2 GW HVDC. This was due to be commissioned in 2019 when EnBW's 1392 MWe Phillipsburg 2 nuclear plant is due to close, but is about a year behind.
Plans for a 1400 MWe HVDC link with Norway promise to help Germany's renewable energy objectives, as the interconnector between Denmark and Norway has been doing for Denmark's wind energy for some years. (Denmark's wind turbines depend heavily for their effective utilization on 29 GWe of hydro capacity in Norway, over 1 GWe of which can be dispatched promptly when wind power is unavailable in West Denmark. This will rise by 700 MW in 2014. Hence, there is a natural interdependence between West Denmark's wind and Norway's hydro. With good winds, power can be exported back to Norway and there conserve hydro potential.)
The Czech Republic is one of the adjacent countries affected by Germany's grid problems. Since mid-2012 the 2 GWe Temelin plant has operated about 100 MWe below capacity as instructed by grid operator CEPS because of grid security issues caused by power surges due to renewable power production in Germany. The Czech Republic and Poland have installed phase-shifting transformers on their German border to block German electricity dumping; France Netherlands and Belgium already had them.
Austria is another country experiencing difficulties due to input from subsidized wind and solar PV. The Austrian Power Grid (APG) is having increasing difficulty in balancing unpredictable supply to demand requirements. This has raised the need for adequate sourcing of balancing power, requiring dependable sources such as gas-fired generating units to be available. In Austria most of these are now out of service, unable to compete economically, and hence the country has high reliance on uncertain German supply. APG proposes capacity payments to keep fossil fuel capacity in standby mode, especially as further wind capacity comes on line with limited grid access.
France's grid operator RTE plans to invest €15 billion ($19 billion) on the nation's grid by 2020, and a further €20 billion by 2030 with the present energy mix. However, it says that €50 billion would be required by 2030 to cope with a nuclear share reduced from 75% to 50% of supply and replace this with renewables. The basic grid investments are needed to improve security of supply and accommodate rising renewable power capacity. RTE has 105,000 km of transmission lines and grid transport costs account for about 10% of consumers' bills.
France already exports a lot of electricity to Italy. In 2015 RTE started work on the new 1200 MWe HVDC Savoie-Piemont connection from Chambery to Turin in Italy, costing about €1 billion, which may have relevance to the new energy policy and domestic supply cap. It will be the longest subterranean high-voltage power line (320 kV) when it goes into service in 2019. In 2014 Italy imported 19 TWh through existing 2700 MWe links, and the new connection will add capacity for 10.5 TWh more.
Italy's Terna is the TSO, with 64,000 km of transmission lines. It will share the cost of the HVDC Savoie-Piemont connection.
Ukraine's new government formed in 2014 aims to integrate with the European power grid and gas network to make the country part of the European energy market by 2017. In March 2015 an agreement was signed by Ukraine's Ukrenergo distribution company and Polenergia, a Polish counterpart, to export electricity as part of the Ukraine-EU 'energy bridge', and related to the Baltic Energy Market Interconnection Plan. This will enable greater use of Ukraine's nuclear capacity and is to generate funds to pay for increasing that capacity at Khmelnitski. A 750 kV transmission connection from Khmelnistki to Rzeszow in Poland is envisaged, taking in also Ukraine's Burshtyn Island coal-fired plant, with Khmelnistki unit 2 being disconnected from the Ukraine grid. In June 2015 the government approved the project.
Russia's Federal Grid Company is 80% owned by the government and controls 125,000 km of transmission lines over 13.6 million sq km. Its customers are regional distribution companies ('discos'), electricity suppliers and large industrial enterprises.
Japan's grid is very unusual in that on the main island, Honshu, the northeastern half including Tokyo is 50 Hz, served by Tepco (and Tohoku), the southwestern half including Nagoya, Kyoto and Osaka is 60 Hz, served by Chubu (with Kansai & Hokuriku), and there is only 1 GWe of frequency converters connecting them. This arises from original equipment coming from Germany and USA respectively. The interconnection is being increased to 2.1 GWe, funded by the utilities. Early in 2013 it was announced that METI will establish a new body to balance electricity supply and demand in wide areas across Japan, as early as 2015. The new body will manage grid and transmission facilities, which are currently owned and managed by utility companies.
Between Finland and Sweden, the Fenno-Skan 2 HVDC link was completed in December 2011, increasing the connection by 40%. This improves the functioning of the Nordic market and enables Finland to import its electricity shortfall from Sweden rather than Russia. It is 300 km, two-thirds submarine across the Gulf of Bothnia, and 800 MWe at 500 kV DC. It cost €315 million. Fingrid is planning a further connection with Sweden, to be in place by 2024.
In Brazil, a 2084 km link is being built by the State Grid Corporation of China (SGCC), from the 11,233 MWe Belo Monte hydro plant on the Xingu River in northern Para state to the southern economic centres in Minas Gerais state. It is the first such UHV export project for the company, and is 800 kV DC. In addition State Grid Brazil is building a 250 km UHV link from Bel Monte power plant to near Rio de Janeiro. The two projects are expected to cost $4.7 billion. SGCC is already the fourth largest TSO in Brazil.
Baltic Energy Market Interconnector Plan (Baltic grid map pdf)
The planned Visaginas nuclear plant is envisaged as the cornerstone of the Baltic Energy Market Interconnector Plan (BEMIP) linking to Poland, Finland and Sweden. A high-voltage (400 kV) 1000 MW DC southwest interconnection – PowerBridge or LitPol Link – costing €250-300 million, to improve transmission capacity between Lithuania and Poland is to be built, with 500 MW by 2015 and another 500 MW planned by 2020. Much of the funding is from the European Union (EU), and work is ahead of schedule. Further transmission links between Estonia and Latvia will be needed for the three Baltic states to synchronise with Poland and EU by 2025.
This follows inauguration of an interconnector between Estonia and Finland to the north – Estlink-1, a 150 kV, 350 MW HVDC cable costing €110 million and also supported by EU funding. The 170 km 450 kV HVDC Estlink-2 further east and now under construction will provide a further 650 MW early in 2014. The project is budgeted to cost around €320 million, which will be divided between TSOs Finngrid and Elering (Estonia), with €100 million to be provided by the EU as part of the EU's extensive economy recovery package. Both will be operated by the two TSOs.
Another major transmission link westward under the Baltic Sea, the 700 MWe NordBalt 300 or 400 kV HVDC project, is planned between Klaipeda in Lithuania and Nybro in Sweden (400 km), by Svenska Kraftnat and LitGrid. The €550 million project is expected to be completed by 2016. (The Baltic states and Belarus have good interconnection of grids from the Soviet era, but this did not extend to Poland, let alone to Germany. Kaliningrad gets all of its electricity from Russia, via the Lithuanian grid.)
Lithuania's revised energy policy in 2012 involves rebuilding the grid to be independent of the Russian system and to work in with the European Network of Transmission System Operators (ENTSO) synchronous system, as well as strengthening interconnection among the three Baltic states.
This EU integration was an important factor leading to Russia suspending work on its new Baltic nuclear power plant in its exclave of Kaliningrad. It was designed for the EU grid and about 20% built. Despite endeavours to bring in west European equity and secure sales of power to the EU through proposed transmission links, the 1200 MWe plant is isolated, with no immediate prospect of it fulfilling its intended purpose. Kaliningrad has a limited transmission link to Lithuania, and none to Poland, its other neighbour. Both those countries declined to buy output from the new Baltic plant. Lithuania does not wish to upgrade its Kaliningrad grid connection to allow Baltic NPP power to be sent through its territory and Belarus to Russia. As well as upgrading the Lithuania link, Russian grid operator InterRAO had plans to build a 600-1000 MWe link across the Kaliningrad border to Poland and a 1000 MWe HVDC undersea link to Germany, but with no customers these plans are not proceeding. In March 2013 Rosatom said that Russia had applied for Kaliningrad to join the EU grid system (ENTSO-E), evidently without response.
North Sea grid
In a move towards meeting the EU's goal of reaching a 20% share of energy from renewable sources by 2020, nine European countries have agreed to build a power grid of high-voltage cables under the North Sea. It would be the first multinational grid designed to address the fluctuating nature of 'green' power generation. The North Sea Grid Initiative includes Germany, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Belgium, France, Netherlands, Luxembourg, and the United Kingdom.
The project aims to link up some 100 GW of offshore wind power which is currently planned by European power companies. The UK has launched a £100 billion programme to boost its offshore wind farms; already the world's biggest at around 1 GW, to as much as 40 GW by 2020. The project will have an estimated cost of about $40 billion, and is expected to be operational by 2023, balancing supply and loads among regions and from large wind and solar farms.
In February 2016 there were a number of subsea cable projects under construction or just completed in Europe: Skagerrak 4, 700 MW connecting Norway and Denmark, commissioned March 2015. NordBalt, 700 MW connecting Sweden and Lithuania, due 2016. Western HVDC link, 2200 MW connecting Scotland and Wales, due 2017. MON.ITA, 1000 MW connecting Italy and Montenegro, due 2019. NEMO, 1000 MW connecting UK and Belgium, due 2018. Nord.link, 1400 MW connecting Germany and Norway, due 2019. UK-Norway NSN, 1400 MW connecting UK and Norway, due 2021. IFA 2, 1000 MW connecting UK and France (proposed), by 2020. FABlink, 1000-1400 MW, connecting UK and France (proposed), by 2022.
East Asian grid
Korea Electric Power Corporation (Kepco) is promoting a plan to connect Busan in South Korea with Fukuoka in the south of Japan, via Tsushima Island. This would involve a 50 km section to the island and another 150 km to Japan, and would enable South Korea's anticipated power surplus to alleviate Japan's shortage. This would be a 60 Hz connection with that part of Japan.
This follows the 2012 proposal by Japan's Softbank for an Asia Super Grid connecting Korea, China, Japan, Russia (Vladivostok and Khabarovsk) and Mongolia. Softbank is reported to have joined with Newcom in Mongolia to develop a 300 MWe wind farm in the Gobi desert to supply Japan eventually. Further plans are for up to 7 GWe there. Newcom already supplies 5% of Mongolia's power from wind.
Southern African Power Pool (SAPP)
SAPP coordinates the power systems of 12 Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) countries (Angola, Botswana, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe). Nine of the countries are so-called 'operating members', meaning they are linked to the interconnected grid that carries around 97% of energy produced in the SAPP. Total installed capacity in 2014 was 57 GWe of which less than 52 GWe was available. Most of the electricity is generated in South Africa, with 77% of the capacity. Demand exceeds supply. The World Bank has offered $20 million to fund regional energy projects under SAPP.
In August 2015 SADC announced that 24 GWe of capacity was under construction to come on line by 2019, about 70% of it from renewable sources and the rest from the big Medupe and Kusile coal-fired power stations in South Africa. The largest project was the first stage of the Grand Inga hydro power plant on the Congo River in DR Congo, which might eventually produce 44 GWe.
Eastern African Power Pool (EAPP)
The World Bank is funding a new Eastern Electricity Highway project to connect Ethiopia with Kenya and eventually with the Southern African Power Pool. It is the first phase of a $1.3 billion Eastern Africa power integration program, with $243 million for Ethiopia and $441 million for Kenya from the Bank, which says that the "project will change the fundamentals of the power sector in East Africa". A 400 kV AC, 2000 MWe link between Kenya and Tanzania was funded by the African Development Bank early in 2015.
Ethiopia is planning to increase hydropower capacity to raise capacity from 2.4 to 10 GWe and become a regional electricity exporter. State-owned power utility Ethiopian Electric Power has signed a US$120 million contract with China Electric Power Equipment and Technology to construct a 433 km high-voltage transmission line from Wolaita in the south of the country to the Kenyan border. This 500 kV, 2000 MW HVDC link to Kenya is due to be completed in 2018, funded by the World Bank.
The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) earlier resolved to implement a West Africa Power Pool (WAPP). In July 2015 an agreement was signed by several countries for cooperation in the development of an integrated West African regional nuclear power programme, related to this.
The world's longest HVDC link, 2400 km, was commissioned in Brazil in 2014 to bring 3150 MW of power from two hydropower plants in the northwest to Sao Paulo. Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay with shared large hydro projects already have extensive grid connection.
Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru are seeking to integrate their power systems through the Andean Electrical Interconnection System (SINEA) project. In 2015 Bolivia, with Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay, agreed to invest more than US$ 620 million into an electricity interconnection program to result in 1400 km of grid infrastructure. Then Bolivia agreed with Peru for interconnection.
In Central America, driven by renewable energy projects, the final link of the Central American Electrical Interconnection System (SIEPAC) was completed in 2014, connecting six countries from Guatemala to Panama via an 1800 km line.
Eastern Australia's National Electricity Market (NEM) operates the world's largest interconnected power system that runs for more than 5,000 kilometres from North Queensland to Tasmania and central South Australia, and supplies some $10 billion electricity annually to meet the demand of more than 10 million end users.
'Smart grid' refers to a class of technology for electricity delivery which uses computer-based controls to monitor and match supply with real-time end-user demand, varying prices accordingly. It involves two-way communication between distributor and customers' meters and switchboards, with the management of that information to optimise efficiency. A key feature of the full smart grid is automation technology that allows the utility to adjust and control each individual device or millions of devices from a central location. Smart grids allow optimal integration of domestic-scale renewables into the grid, and also integration of electric vehicles into the system.
Smart grids have major implications at the distribution level, but little at the TSO level. Some 80% of smart grid investment is at DSO level, very little at TSO. Despite talk of electricity highways, HVDC etc, most non-hydro renewable sources are connected to low-voltage distribution networks rather than the high-voltage grids.
The high cost of transmission projects is one disincentive to investment in new capacity.
Acquiring and managing the right of way for transmission assets is a complicated and cumbersome process in many countries, with reliability and customer opinion at stake. Electric utilities and TSOs must manage numerous and often competing interests as they negotiate easements for transmission projects. These will be driven by reliability and capacity objectives, but landowners and government officials have other priorities and interests.
In France, opponents of the 163-km Cotentin-Maine project connecting the new Flamanville reactor to the main grid argued that uncertainty over the safety of living near high-voltage power lines, including the risk of causing leukemia in children, meant that the project should not proceed. Opponents included environmental groups and local public associations. The country's top administrative court rejected the appeal, saying it was a public interest project and that enough safety assessments had been carried out.
International Atomic Energy Agency, Nuclear Energy Series No. NG-T-3.8, Electric Grid Reliability and Interface with Nuclear Power Plants (2012) International Atomic Energy Agency, Technical Report Series No. 224, Interaction of Grid Characteristics with Design and Performance of Nuclear Power Plants (1983) Energy News 24/8/12 Energize Weekly 22/8/12 OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (November 2012), Nuclear Energy and Renewables: System Effects in Low-carbon Electricity Systems, ISBN 9789264188518 OECD/NEA, 2013, CSNI Technical Opinion Papers No. 16: Defence in Depth of Electrical Systems. NEA #7070 Grimston, M, 2013, The full costs of generating electricity, Proc IMechE Part A: J Power and Energy 0(0) 1-11 EnergyMarketPrice 15/5/14 re Europe grid linkage Australian Energy Market Operator Ltd & Electranet, Renewable Energy Integration in South Australia (October 2014) Electric Power Transmission, Control & Distribution World Report, Data Group (March 2015) Alain Burtin and Vera Silva, EDF R&D, Technical and economic analysis of the European electricity system with 60% RES (17 June 2015), available on Energy Post website Australian Energy Market Operator, Guide to Ancillary Services in the National Electricity Market (April 2015)

subset: commoncrawl


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QUALCOMM Incorporated (NASDAQ:QCOM) went lower by -0.33% to close at $ 66.73. The company exchanged total volume of 0 shares throughout course of last trade however it holds an average trading capacity of 9.36 million shares.
The company is trading above its 50-day moving averages of 66.19 and up from 200-day moving averages of 59.05. The firm has price to book ratio of 3.22 and its price to sale ratio was 4.32.
Brokerage Recommendations:
According to ZACKS data, different Brokerage Firms rated the QCOM stock about their BUY, SELL or HOLD recommendations. Currently shares have been suggested as BUY from brokerage firms and recommended as Strong Buy by brokerage firms. brokerage firms have issued Sell rating for the company and Strong Sell rating was issued by brokerage firms. brokerage firms have rated the company as a Hold. The Corporation has average brokerage recommendation (ABR) of based on consensus of the brokerage firms issuing ratings.
The average true range of QUALCOMM Incorporated's (QCOM) is recorded at 1.87 and the relative strength index of the stock stands 49.66. The stock price is going above to its 52 week low with 62.36% and lagging behind from its 52 week high with -6.83%. Analyst recommendation for this stock stands at 2.20. A look on the firm performance, its monthly performance is -1.20% and a quarterly performance of 9.28%. The stock price is trading upbeat from its 200 days moving average with 20.03% and up from 50 days moving average with 2.56%.
Ubiquiti Networks, Inc. (NASDAQ:UBNT) surged +3.36% and closed the trade at $ 53.50. The company recorded a trading capacity of 0 shares below its three months average daily volume of 430.33 thousand shares. The stock's 50-day moving average is noted at $52.43 and its 200-day moving average is stands at $44.97.
Additionally, the company has a PE ratio of 21.49 and has EPS of 2.49. The company has market capitalization of $4.38B.
Brokerage Recommendations:
UBNT stock has received ratings from many brokerage firms according to ZACKS. Currently shares have been rated as Buy from brokerage firms and brokerage firms say as Strong Buy. brokerage firms have suggested Sell for the company. brokerage firms have recommended as a Hold. Strong Sell rating was given by brokerage firms. The Company has average brokerage recommendation (ABR) of based on consensus of the ZACKS brokerage firms.
Ubiquiti Networks, Inc.'s (UBNT) has price-to-cash ratio of 8.03 and price to sale ratio of 6.64. The company net profit margin is 32.10% and gross profit margin is 48.70%. A look on the firm performance, its monthly performance is -1.29% and a quarterly performance of 7.73%. The stock price is moving up from its 20 days moving average with 3.66% and isolated positively from 50 days moving average with 2.08%.
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Experience the definitive version of Middle-earth: Shadow of Mordor which includes The Lord of the Hunt and The Bright Lord story missions, the Trials of War challenge series plus additional Warband Missions, Runes & Skins.
Read full descriptionWinner of over 50 "Best of 2014" Awards including Game of the Year, Best Action Game and Most Innovative Game.
Experience the definitive version of Middle-earth: Shadow of Mordor which includes The Lord of the Hunt and The Bright Lord story missions, the Trials of War challenge series plus additional Warband Missions, Runes & Skins.
*Note if you had previously purchased Middle-earth™: Shadow of Mordor™ Premium Edition, you are already entitled to all the content listed below.
Full list of content includes:
MIDDLE-EARTH: SHADOW OF MORDOR © 2014 Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc. Developed by Monolith. In association with WingNut Films. © 2014 New Line Productions, Inc. © The Saul Zaentz Company. MIDDLE-EARTH: SHADOW OF MORDOR, THE HOBBIT, and the names of the characters, items, events and places therein are trademarks of The Saul Zaentz Company d/b/a Middle-earth Enterprises under license to Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment.
MONOLITH LOGO, WB GAMES LOGO, WB SHIELD: ™ & © Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc. (s14)
Middle Earth: Shadow of Mordor uses the Batman Arkham series style of game-play and takes it up a notch. Combat is so fluid and well-done. It might be too easy overall, but it is just so fun. Very violent, even more than the Lord of the Rings/Hobbit Films. And just like the Arkham series, there is an open world to explore and gather various side quest items. The Nemesis system that has you take on a whole army of Uruks (orcs) is a shining highlight. Story-wise, the game starts off a little derivative, with a revenge story that you have heard a thousand times before. But it gets better and better the more you play. Fans of the films will especially love it, while hardcore Tolkien fans may cringe at the lore inconsistencies. The voice acting is well done as well. Overall, this is an amazing game even if you aren't a fan of Middle-Earth. I was a casual viewer of the films before, but now after playing the game, I want to own the films and read the books. If that isn't a glowing recommendation, I don't know what is.
immersive gameplay exp system is awesome Skill system is very good combat system to very epic AI Learner, AI Learning ways u play if u die and always level up 10/10 i played this for 1000 hours very recommended to everyone
One of the first rpg I have played and one of the best, a bit short of its history and its difficulty somewhat loose but the game itself is very good graphics are the best and the skills a delight
Going into this game I was afraid it would be the same old generic open world game that seem to be the trend these days (at least when this game came out back in 2014), but, to my surprise, Shadow of Mordor nails down the size of the world. It's just the right size. Not too big and empty and not too small to make it a hub-game, like for say Deus Ex: Human Revolution. So traveling from one side of the map to the other doesn't take long, but there is fast traveling nonetheless. Game also has a fair amount of collectibles to learn more about its lore.The game seems to be very well optimized, loading times are short (though I did encounter once random situation where the game had to load for several seconds for some reason) and it has a fair amount of graphic options. Shadow of Mordor is a great game.
Is there a lot to do? Certainly! Is it fun? Mostly! Ultimately, there's not a huge amount of variation in this game. I played it right after finishing the Mad Max game, and ultimately felt like there wasn't much difference despite the huge differences in setting and protagonist. Ultimately, this game is a good purchase if you haven't played other Warner Bros-brand open-world games, because they all seem to be fairly similar. I think this is probably the best one, but still, it doesn't offer much that the others don't.
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NORCATT event information and discussion forum. Northern California Tomato Tasting
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August 12, 2008 | #16 |
Join Date: Jul 2006
Location: San Jose, CA
Posts: 89
We went to NORCATT and had a blast! Too bad my tomatoes just weren't ripening yet and I couldn't share any. Maybe I'll hold a tasting near my home in September when my tomatoes are fully ripe. If any of you are interested to drive down here, let me know.
Anyway, it was a really good time. Thank you Brad for opening your farm to us and the food and wine was great but better than that was being able to talk to you and tour your farm. You truly do LOVE what you do and it comes across in your conversations. Nate, my DH, wrote about our visit on our blog and also took some pics. Please swing by to have a look: http://chezannies.blogspot.com/2008/...your-dads.html Cheers, Annie |
August 12, 2008 | #17 |
Join Date: Mar 2006
Location: Bay Area
Posts: 173
Great event, Brad! Many thanks for generously opening up your farm and inviting Fume and the wine guys to come too. Incredible burger those fume guys make. Your farm is a fantastic place. My kids had a great time running around and so did I. Annie, great blog write-up! Thanks again, Brad.
Paul |
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You already said 'Yes!' and now you need to ask your best friends the question 'Will you be my bridesmaid?' or 'Will you be my maid of honour?' This scratch off card provides the ideal solution to let your friends know you'd love to have them by your side on the most important day of your life. The two ring design features an infinity symbol, representing everlasting love. You can easily make this card a scratch-off design by simply covering your written message with the sticker. The friend receiving the card will have to scratch away the space inside the diamond ring to find out what you wrote! This 3 Eggs Design scratchy card is fun, creative, and thanks to your own words, it will be truly one-of-a-kind!
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As per Kroger Co (NYSE:KR) statement on 2016-06-23, the shareholders would obtain dividend for the gone quarter. The firm confirmed that it will disburse $0.12 per share as dividend. The record date is set as 2016-08-15, the payout date as 2016-09-01 and the ex-dividend date is 2016-08-11.
Last fiscal Kroger Co (NYSE:KR) disbursed cash dividend of $0.12. A year ago, the payout was $0.12, which indicates a difference of 47.0588 percent. The five year past track record substantiates that the average payout as offered by the firm stands at $0.12, implying 20.7222 percent growth.
For the period ended on 2016-01-31, Kroger Co (NYSE:KR)'s earnings came at $0.47 per share against EPS of $0.43 a year ago. In this quarter the firm can announce earnings for quarter ending 2016-10-31 on or around 2016-12-01. For this quarter, the analysts have estimate of $0.42 per share.
The pro tem price target for Kroger Co (NYSE:KR) is set at $39.285. This level is the mean reached by averaging the stock prices given by 14 analysts. All these are Wall Street top brokerages and trail the firm's performance frequently. The best price estimate for Kroger Co (NYSE:KR)is seen at $51 and the lowest level is established at $27. This broad range highlights anaverage deviation of $6.132 in reported estimates.
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1 Chart Pattern Every Investor Should Know
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Canterbury Cathedral, Home of the Anglican Communion
Archbishop of Canterbury Justin Welby takes questions at the Compass Rose Society Annual General Meeting
2009 Communion Visit to the Diocese of Southern Malawi greeted with singing by members of the Mothers Union and Daughters of the King
The Compass Rose Society supports the Princess Basma Centre for Disabled Children in Jerusalem
Compass Rose Society members offer evening prayers on Canterbury Cathedral tour
Visiting the Diocese of South Africa in October 2014
Members at Lambeth Palace to meet with the Archbishop of Canterbury at the 2015 annual meeting
Compass Rose Society donations support a bush clinic in Diocese of Kaduna in northern Nigeria
Canterbury Cathedral following Evensong for Compass Rose Society members
Archbishop Josiah Idowu-Fearon, Secretary General of the Anglican Communion, addresses the 2015 annual meeting
Dear Friends,
Welcome to the website for the Compass Rose Society - a group of international Anglicans/Episcopalians who seek to support the ministry of the Archbishop of Canterbury within our Anglican Communion.
Please click on our video which provides an overview of the Society's history and objectives.
Our 300+ members come from some 11 countries and are comprised of individuals, parishes, chapters, dioceses and institutions. All help strengthen our common bonds of affection throughout the Communion.
We contribute significantly to the work of the Anglican Consultative Council,particularly in communications. We also support international mission work, In total, we have contributed over $9 million (US) dollars to date.
Members may participate in Communion Visits to Anglican churches around the world who have invited us to visit.We travel in the company of the secretary general of the Anglican Communion. We meet church, political and government leaders. We experience first-hand, the extraordinary ministry being undertaken by the church - often in difficult circumstances. Whether recycling projects in impoverished, overcrowded cities in Brazil or church-run orphanages housing HIV/AIDs victims in South Africa, we have found hope for the future. No one returns from these visits unchanged.
From time to time, we undertake Study Trips to explore our Christian roots in historic settings. We've witnessed the Magna Carta in Salisbury Cathedral and heard an outstanding lecture on the history of the Sarum Rite. We've knelt in prayer at the chapel altar of Thomas Becket in Canterbury Cathedral. All these experiences (and more) have deepened our understanding of the Anglican expression of Christianity.
Each year, we meet in London, England at St. Andrew's House (the offices of the Anglican Communion) or in Canterbury for our annual meeting. We then dine with the Archbishop of Canterbury and his family. Over a meal and the opportunity to meet Archbishop Justin Welby and his wife, Mrs. Caroline Welby, we are provided a personal and unique question and answer period. We end the evening with worship in the Archbishop's Chapel (where Thomas Cranmer penned much of the Book of Common Prayer).
If you are interested in supporting the ministry of the Archbishop of Canterbury within the Anglican Communion and assisting brother and sister Anglicans, we might be the perfect fit for you.
I would be happy to answer your questions or discuss membership with the Compass Rose Society. Please feel free to contact me at email@example.com.
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The Right Reverend Andrew Doyle
IX Bishop of Texas President, The Compass Rose Society
The Compass Rose Society supports the work of the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Anglican Communion. Founded in 1994 at the Old Palace in Canterbury, the Society has become an important financial resource to the Communion and a valuable voice in communicating the news of the work which maintains and improves unity in the Communion.
Since its inception, the Society has donated more than $9 million (USD) to support the Communion. A list of historic beneficiaries is here and current projects are here. These gifts are supported by members' initial and annual sustaining gifts. Membership requirements and benefits are here.
To apply for a grant from the Society, follow the procedures here.
Society News Archbishop Terry Finlay has died 21-Mar-2017 Archbishop Terry Finlay died on March 20. Details of his life and career are reviewed here. Read more
Society News Thank you from The Anglican Centre in Rome 3-Nov-2016 Thank you from The Anglican Centre in Rome Read more
Society News 2016 Annual General Meeting in London 2-Nov-2016 ANGLICAN COMMUNION COMPASS ROSE SOCIETY HOLDS ANNUAL MEETING IN LONDON Read more
Winter-Spring 2017 All Issues


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e.g.: AliExpress, eBay, Walmart, Forever 21, Gilt, Lowe's, Sephora, Vera Bradley, Ancestry.com, Backcountry
CBS Sports Shop offers flat-rate shipping that can take up to four weeks. Faster delivery is available for an increased cost.
Items can be returned up to 365 days after ship date as long as they are in original condition, unworn/unused, and with original tags and labels.
Sharing is caring. Submit A Coupon for CBS Sports here.


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Roasted Red Peppers
From cheryilyn 9 years agoIngredients
How to make it
- Preheat the oven to 450 degrees.
- Coat the outside of the red peppers with olive oil and place on flat baking sheet.
- Place in oven.
- Turn them every 10 min for about 50 min or until the outside of the peppers start to blacken.
- Take the peppers out and let cool in a closed container for about 15 min.
- Peel the skin off the peppers and slice nto strips making sure to remove all the seeds.
- Do not wash the peppers after they are cooked, you will lose flavor.
Reviews & Comments 4
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Overview / Abstract: |
Sharpen your imaging and diagnostic skills at this annual advanced OB-GYN ultrasound three-day CME conference. Hone your ability to accurately detect anomalies in a variety of screening scenarios, including complicated and high risk situations. Offering 18.75 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. This course is designed for Radiologists, OB-GYNs and Sonographers. Course Objectives |
Expiration |
Jan 24, 2014 |
Cost |
945.00 |
Credits / Hours |
18.75 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s) |
Accreditation |
Is This Activity Certified for "Live" Credit? |
Presenters / Authors / Faculty |
Program Director: Dolores H. Pretorius, MD, FACR Faculty: |
Keywords / Search Terms |
World Class CME ob-gyn, ultrasound, maternal, fetal, sonography, radiology, san antonio, diagnostic, imaging, texas, Resort CE CME Live CE CME Seminar CE CME |
LIVE Activity Location Details |
The Westin Riverwalk - Enjoy the weekend in the center of downtown San Antonio at The Westin Riverwalk. Located on San Antonio's world famous Paseo del Rio, The Westin Riverwalk is in the perfect location to relax and recharge. Stroll along the pedest |


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AIIC Inventory Clerk Awards 2017
Voting Now Closed
Thank you to everybody who has taken the time to vote for their AIIC Clerk, votes are now being counted, and the nominees will be notified in due course.
Winners will be formally announced during our AGM on the 3rd March 2017 and will received an engraved trophy.
Categories for 2017
Best Newcomer – open to Full AIIC Members who joined the association during 2016
Company of the Year – Category One – Available to any AIIC Member who is a sole trader or who has up to 4 registered Associate Members
Company of the Year – Category Two – Available to any AIIC Member who have over 5 registered Associate Members
Rules of Voting
Votes will only be accepted from Letting Agents – votes received from either Landlords or Tenants will not be counted
In the case of Letting Agents, each person per office is permitted to vote, for example where a branch has 6 employees all 6 employees in that branch are entitled to vote for the same clerk.
Renewal fees must be paid in full on or before 5pm 31st December 2016 – any fees paid after the deadline will result in all votes for nominee being void. No Exceptions!
To be eligible for a trophy, all nominees must confirm that they are able to attend our AGM on the 3rd March 2017.
AIIC Inventory Clerk Awards 2016
Congratulations to our winners!
Individual Awards
Best Newcomer
Mihaela Nistor – Trademark Property Services
Full Member
Brian Robb – Thomas Yule
Associate Member
Kieran Kirby - EA Inventories
Company Awards
Company of the Year – Category One
Sarah Tully – Urban Dwell London (Previously known as Lady Décor Inventories)
Company of the Year – Category Three
Jae Gadar – Ashworth Group
AIIC Inventory Clerk Awards 2015
Congratulations to our winners!
Inventory Clerk of the Year 2015 – Executive Member
Adrian Kelly, LetCheck Inventories Ltd
Adrian has always been very helpful, he is consistent and quick reacting when a problem arises. Able to be counted on even with extreme short notice – J. Rowe, Genesis Housing Association
Adrian & all the team at Let Check have always been such a pleasure to work with. Adrian is polite, professional & we have always felt the team go above & beyond to accommodate our requirements. Adrian's reports are always extremely clear & thorough and we have real peace of mind knowing we have such a reliable clerk working with us – K. Barbas, Arim
Friendly, reliable, professional, and responsive, well produced and easy to understand reports – V. Snell, Hamptons International
Inventory Clerk of the Year 2015 - Full Member
Jae Gadar, Ashworth Group
Inventory Clerk of the Year 2015 - Associate Member
Joshua Doody, EA Inventories
Joshua was very thorough, professional and produced a high quality report for my property – M. White
Top rate service. Made the whole process very easy. Very good eye for detail, that others may have missed. Very knowledgeable and courteous – A. Sanghera
He is an amazing inventory clerk, really kind and patient and never makes a stressful situation worse! He is very good at calming people down and produces excellent reports. We think he is amazing – H. Hughes, Knight Frank
Inventory Clerk of the Year Awards 2014
James Grimsted, Accredited Inventories
One of the best clerks i have ever come across and i have met a lot of clerks and seen 100′s of reports over the years and James's organisation, professionalism, and standard of detail is amongst the best around without doubt.' – A Qureshi, Learning Connexions
James and his team are truly excellent offering a very through and professional service with all clerks fully trained and timescales extremely efficient – Z Tarr, Andrews
The Best Excellent service, very efficient very friendly always happy to help in all the years I have worked in Lettings they are the Best Inventory Company ever and need to win this year – S Barton, Mayfair Town & Country
1st Runner Up
Jae Gadar, Ashworth Group
Highly recommendable. They offer a first class service and are always guaranteed to do a fantastic job, by far the best out there. – A. David, Churchill Estates
Exceptional service, Ashworth continually accommodate our needs and always meet and exceed our expectations. – E. Aderotimi, Keatons
Thorough, reliable always fits an inventory in at very short notice. Great service. – C. Fernandez, Private Landlord
2nd Runner Up
William Moule, Green Kite Inventories
Very helpful, punctual, polite, thorough and extremely competitive. – G. Darby, Stirling Grey
Excellent service detailed and accurate reports – P. Blum, Janus House
They are the best inventory company that we have ever used. They are very efficient; their staff are well mannered and well trained and their inventories are very comprehensive. – W. Campbell, Williams Lewis & Co
4th Runner Up
Matthew Carter-Bennett, Phoenix Inventories
Very thorough inventories, extremely helpful, hard working and conscientious. – H. Stannard, Private Landlord
Matt always goes above the call of duty and gives our clients exceptional service. – L. Hudson, RSS
Professional, thorough, respectful, polite and very efficient. – S. Robinson, Jones Robinson Estate Agents
Steve Hickling, Smart Inventory Service
Top class service provided very quickly and the inventory reports that they produce are the best that I've seen and are turned around very quickly. They also have an online tracking system to avoid any issues at the end of tenancy. – B. Matthews, Private Landlord
Always accommodating no matter the situation. I sourced them at a previous company I worked for and have since changed companies and took Smart Inventory with me to my new job. Always reliable and honest!- M. Baumann, Regent Lettings and Property Management
Great service, reasonably priced, very helpful. – W. Bush, Energycentric
5th Runner Up
Jennifer Stiff, Mayflower Inventories
Excellent service, Jenny is always prompt in replying to queries and carries out an exemplary check in and out. Would heartily recommend her to others. – C. Paterson, Private Landlord
Jenny displays a real attention to detail, my Clients think she is very helpful and she is always requested by those who have used her services previously. – L. Norton, Cartus,
Jenny is truly amazing with great reports and sent to me in a timely manner! – D. Hirani, Cartus
2013 Inventory Clerk of the Year Results
Jae Gadar, Ashworth Group
Proffesssional Service never disappointed with level of work they have provided for us – S. Vij, Dabora Conway Ltd
Thorough inventories and reports, flexibility on appointment times and friendly, reliable staff – R. Crawford, Keatons
Jae and his team have carried out many inventories for our properties. We find his trustworthy, reliable and he will go far past his call of duty to help us out. Flawless service – C. Bullett, Gaughan Building & Property Services


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Blackhawk!® Divers Travel Bag
Item # WX2-187930
- Details & Specs
Blackhawk!® Diver's Travel Bag boasts superior construction, and protects your belongings!
The Diver's Travel Bag is an outstanding multi-use tote with truly excellent workmanship. Features separate "fin" pockets and padded exterior equipment pockets that serve as well with tactical items as they do personal carry-alongs (wallet, cell phone, keys). Opens easily too, for organization and packing without having to stuff important items inside a narrow mouth.
Get this:- Backpack straps allow for easy transport
- Extended handle for towing
- Durable, abrasion-resistant 1,000-denier nylon
- 3/ 8 " closed-cell foam padding for a buffer against impact
- Reliable, durable #9 YKK® zippers and dual slides
- Measures 16 x 11 x 26 1/2" (7350 cu. in.)
Buy yours ONLINE now, right here!
- Reviews
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- 4-Week # shares sold: 49,299
- 12-Week # shares sold: 49,299
- 24-Week # shares sold: 49,299
Doug Kass shares his thoughts on Twitter and talks about Sears.
Doug Kass shares his thoughts on Alphabet, Allergan and Ford.
With a 100-plus-year history, generous dividend, and diversified portfolio, could this Big Pharma player be resistant to Trump's drug price twitterstorm?
Brouhaha over GOP-led health-care deal is not really threatening the Republic. But you should have an investment plan in place.


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Free personalized radio that
plays the music you love
Isn't She Lovely
Features of This Track
a subtle use of vocal harmonyintricate melodic phrasing
acoustic sonority
major key tonality
These are just a few of the hundreds of attributes cataloged for this track by the Music Genome Project.
show moreSimilar Tracks
Stop trying to change people let them be them
Have you ever herd, if you don't have anything nice to say don't say it at all!!!!
#I love r5
2. Say your crushes name
3. Close your hand
4. Say a week day
5. Say your name
7. Post this on 15 songs and your crush will tell you he likes you and ask you out on the day you said! Good luck!!!! :)
Awwe i remember when fetus harry sang this ohh the teaaarrrzz
(Follow me please i follow back) xx
Say your crushes name
Close your hand
Say a weekday
Say your name
Open your hand and look at it
Repost on 15 others then your crush will say he likes you and ask you out on that day
2.say your crushes name
3.close your hand
4say a weekday(scho o l day)
5.say your name
6.open your hand and look at it
7.post this to 15 song s and your crushes will tell you he likes you ad ask you out on the day you said
Don't have a Pandora account? Sign up
Already have a Pandora account? Log In


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Of late, Kareena Kapoor has been in the news because of her pregnancy. Even today, the firebrand actress still continues to give her contemporaries a marathon run for their money. No wonder then, everyone is eagerly awaiting the release of her upcoming film Veerey Di Wedding.
As per Bollywood Hungama's reliable sources, Kareena Kapoor is now all set to be the brand ambassador of Intex brand of mobiles.
The official announcement of the same is awaited.
Original link –


text: Tim Donaghy On Game 4: Just What The League NeededTim Donaghy6/11/10 3:10pmFiled to: Watching the WatchmenTim DonaghyNBA FinalsNbaRefereesTim Donaghy columnTop141EditPromoteShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalinkTim Donaghy, the former NBA referee who spent 11 months in prison for relaying inside information to gamblers, is reviewing the performance of his former colleagues during the NBA Finals. Here's a quarter-by-quarter breakdown of Game 4, with accompanying video. Game 1 | Game 2 | Game 3 | Game 4 | Game 5 | Game 6 | Game 7


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Ready for Gnome 3.2? no more suspend on laptop lid close
Gnome 3.0 was revolutionary in many ways. It rewrote the entire desktop metaphor without being (or even look like) a cheap windows or Mac rip off. This is the first time any Linux system became truly innovative in that sense. But at the same time there were some stupid mistakes done by the gnome team and there were numerous customers outcry for options and changes. The suspend on user menu (hidden shutdown/restart), lack of an application list readily available on the desktop etc, were some of the issues that many users got frustrated about the otherwise awesome desktop.
One of the biggest complaints about the gnome 3.0 was that (for laptop users) when the laptop lid was closed, the desktop went to suspend mode. The worst part was that it was not even possible to remove or change that option.
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You must register to post or download hacks.
If you are having any issues, shoot us an email, Contact MPGH Support. As always, have fun and enjoy your stay! - MPGH Staff
il be putting a new acc on sale TOMORROW and its an sfc 3 with 1 perm, anaconda black and kdr is 0.81 with about 600 gp. Not very good which is why the account should be sold for 4-5$ Thanks for your time.
Full info? And ss?
Originally Posted by EL-Cubano Full info? And ss? Im gonna put it up tomorrow i just wanted to give u guyz a heads up
Why do u announce it? -.-


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from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License
- n. The final (ultimate) syllable of a word or other utterance.
from The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
- n. An abbreviation of ultimo.
from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
- adj. in or of the month preceding the present one
Sorry, no etymologies found.
Cotton in India — The following extract from a Kurrachee circular of the 7th ult. is interesting, as showing how the movement for the production of cotton is spreading in the Punjaub.
It is divided into Auftrian iiainault, of which the ca - pital is Mens i and French Haina ult, which is included hi the d«'partment of the North,
Eod'm anno idem rex renovavit eccl'iam Westm 'ult' med'm p 'unam archam.
Also, the prefix "ult," as in ultimate, arises into our consciousness, suggesting the ne plus ultra or eschatology. juisce
On the day he reported to spring training, the temperamental closer declared himself a changed man, two months after pleading guilty to the attempted assa ult of his girlfriend's father after a game at Citi Field last August.
Your most welcome, friendly letter, I received on the 26th ult., but have not been able to reply till now.
And he is a proud member of the C Street c ult while running on a political platform of moral superiority.
"We're seeing an overall more consistent kbps score and the number of 3G tests where the user scored a real low 100kbps -- 300kbps is down," said Donovan Lewis, the administrator of ult of Mac.
April 25, 2008 at 6:57 pm busiek / anderson astro city, levitz / giffen lsh, ostrander suicide squad, morrison invisibles, bendis / bagley ult spidey
Top 100 Comic Book Runs #30-26 | Comics Should Be Good! @ Comic Book Resources
October 3, 2008 at 7:51 am wii haz 3 hosses but buckskin 1/4 hosses b mai faborit! her mostly iz a bery nyce freenlee girl, but her does hab an alt…ult…anudder pursunalitee – knoed az "black widow"
Hard to tink of ebil plan - Lolcats 'n' Funny Pictures of Cats - I Can Has Cheezburger?


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The unexpected resignation of Ros Hepplewhite last week indicates the pressures at work. But her replacement as chief executive by Ann Chant can only be an aspect of the solution. Ms Hepplewhite must bear responsibility for the chaotic way the CSA dealt with some cases. But ministers are to blame for approving a formula for assessing child maintenance payments that is unfair and obscure.
These problems with the 1991 Child Support Act were identified at the time, but with no effective lobby behind the campaign, ministers chose to ignore them. In part, they were swept along by popular support for the principle of requiring fathers to take financial responsibility for their children. It is also true that the Act was a pioneering move in the UK - albeit drawing on overseas experience. Well implemented, such schemes help lone parents out of the poverty trap, while reducing public expenditure.
But the details enshrined in the British law are an offence to natural justice. Second families are often left with too little money because of claims for the children of a first family. Assessments take no account of property that may have been transferred when a couple split up; from 1996 even court settlements can be torn up. Those who feel hard done by have no right of appeal to an independent body.
These failings might be less glaring if lone mothers had materially benefited. But the poorest are no better off because most lose dependable income support pound for every pound that is demanded of an absent parent, whose payments may be unreliable.
Peter Lilley has tinkered with the formula to make it fairer. At a stroke, the Secretary of State for Social Security could do more. 'Clean-break' settlements should be taken into account when assessing an absent parent's liability. So should that person's expenses: the costs of loans, travel, gifts and of supporting stepchildren.
However, even these improvements will not tackle the fundamental faults in the CSA. To achieve a lasting solution, ministers should amend the legislation. First, a reformed law would distinguish between couples who have already separated and new break-ups. Less should be demanded of those who made their family arrangements according to the law as it then stood. Second, the formula for assessing maintenance should be simplified so that all parties have a better understanding of how settlements will affect them.
Ministers shrink from these measures because they would bring a controversial subject back to the centre of the political stage. This is a mistake. Without firm action now, they will be inviting some of their most natural supporters to approach a general election with a powerful sense of justice denied.
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Spitting Bitches: Lick her high heels clean!
Daliah keeps her promises and so she let this guy help her cleaning her shoes. It's not sure that he really wanted it this way… because Daliah starts spitting at her black heels and orders him to lick her soles clean again! She wants her sexy lacquered high heels absolutely clean and so her slave has to do a very good licking job…!


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I'm having the worst luck with my Motorola Droid, which doesn't really surprise me, because technology's always given me trouble. I just want to have the ability to download games on my Droid. Right now, I'm just aiming for some kind of Pokemon game. I don't care if I have to buy Gameboid later in order to save, I just want to know it works. So I look around for information, and I find out that the easiest way to download games is to plug your Droid into your computer and add them manually. I plug my Droid in, my laptop recognizes that I just plugged in hardware, and when I try to open it I get a Vista-worthy message that says "Please insert a disk into drive F:." I know I'm checking the right drive, seeing as it only appears when I plug my phone in, I've tried this on three different computers already, and my charger works, so I can't find out what the problem is. But wait, I read about taking the SD card out of the phone and inserting it into the computer, maybe that would work, right? I can't find any stinking SD card slots, meaning I can't take out or put in any SD cards. Well, I think, "Fine, then, I'll just download everything directly from my Droid." So I follow some instructions on downloading games directly to a Droid, get a few apps I need, look for a rom that actually works, (I can't download zip files since Crutch isn't available on the market anymore) and I finally download Pokemon Emerald. Awesome. Now, all I need left is a GBA BIOS file. I look around for a place to download it, and what a surprise, I can't find any places to download one that doesn't require me to connect the thing into a computer. So here I am now, looking for any possible way to get a GBA BIOS file. I can't call the Droid service number, because nobody will be in until Monday, and the instruction booklet is full of step-by-step instructions on how to call somebody or something. Unless another atrocious splurge of bad luck pops up out of nowhere (which wouldn't surprise me at this point), I only need one of the following problems solved in order to get Pokemon working on my Droid: 1: (preferable) I need a link to a GBA BIOS file I can directly download from my Droid without the use of Crutch. 2: I need to know where the SD card slot is. 3: I need to find a way to access my Droid from my computer. And in case anyone's wondering, I do own the cartridge version of Pokemon Emerald, so I'm not breaking any laws by downloading the rom or anything.
When you plug your Droid into the computer you need to go to the Droid notification bar, slide it down, and mount the SD card. You should then be able to copy files to/from the card. Be sure to unmount the card before removing the Droid from the computer.
Like the person above said, you have to mount the SD card from your droid to get it accessible in the computer. As to the SD card, it is in the battery compartment of the phone (you can see it with the battery in there, but you'll have to take the battery out to remove the SD card). As to downloading files - if you get Astro File Manager I believe there is an option that allows you to download any file type from the browser, which would allow you to download the BIOS file. I could be wrong on this point though.


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The Crystal Reports Code-39 Native Barcode Generator is easily integrated into a report by copying, pasting and connecting the data source. Supports the MOD43 check digit and N dimensions of 2, 2.5 and 3. Once installed, no other components or fonts need to be installed to create barcodes; it is the complete barcode generator that stays in the report, even when it is distributed or accessed from a server. The demo version of this product contains a static barcode that may be used for evaluation purposes only. If it is necessary to test dynamic barcodes with this product, the purchased version is required. The purchased version is provided with a 30 day money back satisfaction guarantee.
What is new in this release:
Reorganized the directory structure of the ZIP files to eliminate possible extraction errors.
Crystal Reports 9 or above
Static data


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Vatika Towers Commercial Golf Course Road Gurgaon.
Category : Commercial Space Posted : 11/04/2015 Price : 15568000.00 INR Location : (Haryana)
Galaxy Blue Sapphire catch market with marketing portal if they spared surrounded residence then earn good money and their brand value when no one compare it through right process. The continental items are available there for fat value and all saloons for hair and ugly faces and the meeting will always running to present it. The brokerage may be getting good for sale the inventories of this project and the comparability will look as they give solo performance in sale to catch all entire NCR reason at simple art. To profit borrow on the builder when they give huge booking inside the add value firm but the difficult point at the end give long merchant phase but the capital give so many prediction right to trigger huge making reputation to look a great portfolio when those are revelation on the untold face of modern.


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