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Accuride: A UAW Local's Lonely Strugge
— Dianne Feeley
WHEN THE 439 members of UAW Local 2036 in Henderson, Kentucky went out on strike in February 1998 they knew it was going to be a difficult battle.
Accuride -- a major supplier of steel wheels -- is owned by Phelps Dodge, the anti-union copper conglomerate. But they were united -- voting to reject the company's proposal by 371 to 9 -- and had the backing of their union. As Ron Gettlefinger, then Regional 3 Director, said "the members have spoken."
The company's proposed contract language eliminated seniority and gave management the unilateral right to subcontract. Although the company was willing to recognize the UAW as the exclusive bargaining agent, there were no provisions for any representation on the shop floor. Grievances were handled "after work."
Just in case members didn't understand the implications of the contract provisions, Accuride announced that they were planning to immediately move to eliminate all skilled trades work.
Accuride supplies eighty percent of the world market for steel truck wheels one ton or larger. Ninety-five percent of the plants Accuride ships to are organized by the UAW.
As then Local 2036 President Billy Robinson outlined, "We thought the UAW would use its clout. Just 120 miles from our plant, in Louisville, there's a Ford truck plant with 13,000 UAW members. If the UAW leadership had spread the word in that plant, `These are scab wheels,' our strike would have been over in less than four weeks. If they told workers at Navistar, Mack, Peterbilt, and GM Truck & Bus, `Those are scab wheels you're putting on that truck,' our strike would've been over in no time.'"
But that never happened.
UAW International Inaction
In March Robinson wrote to the UAW International to ask for a corporate campaign against Accuride. He sent them a list of Accuride customers and proposed that the UAW hit every truck stop in the country with a leaflet, enclosing samples. The answer came back no.
Within a month Local 2036 members realized the strike wasn't effective. Accuride was paying any UAW member willing to cross the picket line $4,000 -- and twenty-nine went back. Robinson told the membership, "We've got to end the strike, go back to work; we'll work to rule; we'll do what we have to do."
The membership rejected the company's proposal by 354 to 9 but voted overwhelming to return to work. But even before they could take the vote, they found themselves locked out. Production continued through a combination of management working on the floor, the recruitment of mostly out-of-state scabs and increased automation and robotics.
By September 1998 Accuride put another proposal on the table, adding the unilateral right to change the health insurance premiums and pension program. Once again, the membership rejected the giveback contract. Who would vote for such a humiliating contract?
In August 1999 the newly appointed Region 3 Director, Terry Thurman publicly announced his continued support to the locked out workers when he told the nearly 500 executive officers from locals throughout the region "We'll be on the picket line one day longer."
Later that month the UAW's International Representative met with the Local 2036 officers and told them their benefits ($175 weekly strike pay plus health benefits) would be discontinued at the end of the month.
When Billy Robinson contacted Terry Thurman, Thurman advised him to go and tell the company to take them back now that they had lost their benefits. "It's time for you to get on with your lives -- we can't win that situation," Thurman concluded.
Membership Initiative
On August 28, at a special meeting the membership discussed their situation and decided to continue picketing, strike pay or no strike pay. They held a secret vote on the contract proposal, turning it down overwhelmingly.
The membership realized they needed to appeal directly to other UAW members. Robinson took forty members and leafleted the Kentucky Truck Plant in Louisville during shift change -- the Ford workers had no idea they were putting on scab wheels.
Local 2036 members also publicized their case through the internet. Within the first week one member sent out 3,000 emails. Responses began pouring in, not only from all over the United States, but from Ireland, England and Australia.
The first UAW members to come down to the Henderson picket line after the cutoff of strike benefits were the "Blue Shirts," a rank-and-file formation from the Caterpillar plant in Peoria, Illinois.
These workers had gone through a similar experience -- a vicious strike in which the company had also employed Vance Guards and where they didn't get the backing they needed from the UAW International. Forced to settle on unfavorable terms, they outlined their current situation and discussed strike strategy.
Other UAW locals and labor activists around the country invited Local 2036 members to come to their area and speak. Some locals organized successful plant gate collections -- particularly Local 594 at the GM Truck plant in Pontiac, MI where they raised $7,100.
Solidarity House Threats
By October 1999 Accuride put out another proposal. Although the bargaining committee had been authorized only to submit to a vote a proposal they themselves supported, Billy Robinson felt that given Accuride's propaganda against the union, the local should protect itself by conducting another secret ballot. It too was rejected by a wide margin.
In April 2000 the UAW International summoned the local's officers to Solidarity House (the UAW's headquarters) for a hearing. The letter explained that the local's existence was threatened because bargaining had not been conducted in a "prudent and realistic way," that secret ballot votes had not been held, and for other unspecified reasons.
At the hearing Billy Robinson outlined the five separate occasions they had conducted a secret ballot and rejected the company's proposals. Robinson pointed out that the strike had been authorized, yet word was spreading throughout the UAW that Henderson was an "unauthorized strike."
Toward the end of the hearing Robinson was questioned about the emails and leaflets publicizing the fact that Local 2036's strike benefits had been cut off. This negative publicity was bad. Robinson responded with a question: What did the local do to have their benefits pulled?
At that UAW President Steve Yokich responded, "You're not the first Local that we have pulled the benefits from, far from the first, and you won't be the last . . . ." He announced that they were considering placing the local under an administrator -- "a friendly administrator."
The decision would be made on May 8 -- the very date of the demonstration Local 2036 had called in front of Solidarity House!
On May 8 Local 2036 members drove to Detroit to demonstrate with other UAW members and supporters in front of Solidarity House, demanding the reinstatement of strike benefits. ABC News filmed the picket line for national TV.
Most of the members of Local 2036 interviewed indicated they were picketing because they wanted to know why the International cut them off. But Charles Gary, a twenty-two-year member of Local 2036, hit the nail on the head when he remarked that "If this betrayal stands, the UAW won't be able to organize anyone in our region for years to come."
Exactly a year after the Local 2036 strike benefits were suspended the UAW's IEB voted to restore them, doubling the strike pay. While this was a tacit admission that their earlier decision had been an erroneous one, there was no accompanying explanation of why they reversed themselves -- nor plan of action of how to organize against Accuride. But from October 2000 to October 2001 the cash strike benefits stood at $350 a week, then they were reduced to $175.
Terminating Benefits
As threatened, on May 8, 2000 the IEB authorized placing Local 2036 under a "friendly" administrator. The administrator took over the local's books, financial records, and checking account. Gary Sorrell, the UAW International official assigned to take over bargaining with Accuride, wasn't able to negotiate a substantially different contract.
It became clear that even if a contract passed, no more than fifty members would have the possibility of being recalled. In November 2001, with two-thirds of the Local 2036 members voting, the contract was rejected by 97% (252-10).
Shortly afterwards the UAW International informed Bill Priest, current Local 2036 president, that strike pay and benefits would be terminated on January 15, 2002. After clarifying with the International that if the contract was ratified at least workers would be recalled based on seniority, Priest scheduled yet another vote for January 12.
He told the local paper The Gleaner that "We thought this had a more than even chance of passing, not because it's a better contract offer, but so senior people could vote on it and have a chance to go back to work and the rest of the people could get on with their lives."
Priest pointed out that "it's one of the few jobs [in the area] where they can go back to work for $15 an hour and have [health] insurance, even though they would have to pay more for it" than under previous contracts.
But Accuride torpedoed the election by mailing to each locked-out worker a packet stating that Accuride intended to give priority to workers in two job classifications (skilled technicians and lab technicians). Thus members would not be called back by seniority.
Just to drive the point home, the names of the union members who would -- and would not -- most likely be able to return were listed. Those recalled would work side by side with the temporary "replacement workers" and line crossers and warned members could be fired for using the word "scab."
This unusual move of contacting workers at home, Priest commented, "tells me that for whatever reason they have, they do not want people represented by the UAW back in that plant." Given this situation, he called off the vote.
The UAW International advised Priest they would file a complaint with the National Labor Relations Board, charging Accuride with "interfering with union activities." But Accuride's actions did not cause the UAW International to continue strike benefits.
On January 14, the day before the cutoff, three demonstrations in support of Local 2036 took place. About 100 UAW members -- including members of UAW Solidarity Coalition and UAW Concerned -- and labor activists demonstrated in front of Solidarity House, while informational pickets passed out leaflets at the Kentucky Ford Truck plant and at the GM Truck plant in Janesville, WI.
During the picket at Solidarity House, Jan Austin, a member of UAW Local 594 in Pontiac, MI, asked UAW officials and staffers going through the gate to donate to the locked-out workers. Most contributed.
Two weeks later -- on January 26 -- the local voted the contract down one more time. This time the vote was 170-87. Bill Priest told the local reporter "I think a lot of the change this time was because a lot of people are afraid the UAW is going to pull out on them and they thought it would be better to work under those conditions than have the UAW pull out on them."
By mid-February the UAW and Accuride scheduled negotiating sessions in which Bill Priest has two counterproposals: that if the contract is approved, workers be recalled by seniority and a modification of the company's vacation policy (which would require workers to accumulate 1,900 hours of work each year to qualify) at a time when the company is talking about 32-hour work weeks.
Why the Betrayal?
With over $900 million in the UAW strike fund, why cut off the benefits of the locked-out Local 2036 members? Although the local has never received a response to this question, the scuttlebutt is that the members are "troublemakers."
One rumor was that they were presumptuous enough to demand the same contract as the UAW members have in the Big Three, another that they "didn't want to work," still another that they were Klu Klux Klaners. It seems as if any slander is acceptable to hurl against locked-out workers whose only crime is voting down a lousy contract and expecting some solidarity.
The slander also scares away potential support both inside the UAW -- where most locals are afraid to back Local 2036 when the national leadership so actively opposes them -- and among organizations like Jobs with Justice, who feel they have no mandate to "get involved" in "internal" union politics.
In fact, Local 2036's supporters have come from groups that combine both union militancy against the employer with a stress on internal union democracy.
There is one more explanation about why Local 2036 members are "troublemakers." Clever anti-union companies facing UAW organizing drives in the South tell their employees about Local 2036. The moral of their story is: The UAW only wants your dues money; when the going gets tough you may find yourselves abandoned just like the locked-out Accuride workers.
It's a disgrace that anti-union employers can point to the example of Local 2036 -- but that's not the fault of its members, who have stood their ground against a vicious employer.
UAW Suicide
In the year before the strike was declared, former Local 2036 president Billy Robinson worked to get pro-union workers into the new Toyota plant in Princeton, Indiana.
"Everybody in that part of the country had heard me tell how great the UAW was, how democratic the process was in the UAW. The people turned around and looked at me and said, `What happened?'
"But there was one thing that I knew from my experience in being a president, and being an organizer, and being a union member. I firmly believe the tenet that when anybody reaches out for help, the unions need to be there. That's what unions are for. During the organizing drives, I would tell people, `What is the union? You are.'"
Crippled by a four-year lockout without UAW support to force Accuride into settling and relatively isolated by slanderous charges, Local 2036 members now fear that the UAW International will move to withdraw the local's charter on the basis that members have shown no interest in negotiating with Accuride or continuing as a union.
The UAW conventions will be coming up this June, and Ron Gettlefinger is the Administration Caucus' candidate to succeed Yokich. It would be inconvenient if Local 2036 members were still around, reminding people about unfinished struggles.
For further information, or to send donations, contact the Henderson Workers Solidarity Fund, c/o Billy Robinson, P.O. Box 248, Sebree, KY 42455; email firstname.lastname@example.com or call 270-835-2111.
from ATC 97 (March/April 2002)


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Manolo Blahnik Snakeskin Ronda Jeweled White And Black Sandals
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Purple Schoolbus
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The Piquet Law Firm is a Florida based law firm rendering legal services locally and internationally in many areas of the law, including real estate, corporate, tax, immigration and litigation. We have extensive experience assisting clients from Brazil and other countries in Latin America and Europe, who have established or are willing to establish business or residence in the United States.
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2015 INDIVIDUAL INCOME TAX RETURN ("DIRPF") (year-base 2014)
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3 Things Single Christians Should Know
There's nothing wrong with desiring marriage, but there are 3 Things Single Christians Should Know.
4 Biblical Truths For Singles Who Desire To Be Married
If you're a Christian who desires marriage, here are 4 Things Christian Singles Should Know About Marriage.
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Distance means so little when someone means so much.
How to Date With Holiness, Honor, and Humility
I was flabbergasted and a little shook up. About four years ago, as I progressed through the book I Kissed Dating Goodbye, I was flabbergasted that couples existed who waited to kiss until their wedding day and shook up because, if God commanded this,...
Ladies, Only God Can Change Him!
You can't change anyone. The only thing you can do is pray for them and let God do the changing.
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Your relationship with a Godly Man should add to your relationship with God, not take the place of it.
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If there's an unsettling feeling burning in your soul, it may be a sign that he's not the one God has for you.
Would You Date You?
It's a simple question, but I didn't have a simple answer. I sat on my bed pondering that question over and over in my mind. After an hour, I came to a conclusion. The answer was no. It was a question that I posed...
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Since the days of I Kissed Dating Goodbye, it's become increasingly common for articles, books and sermons to provide us with tips and instructions on "how to date well" and "what Christian dating should look like." But rarely do we discuss the real life...
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That's incredibly dumb. How old are you??? You're logic is flawed because if that's the case how about blaming someone who had 0 points! Better yet, how about blaming the TEAM for stupid turnovers. While you're at it why not blame Lin and Shump for being injured? lol dumb shiit.
Edit: not saying people can't get blame but to blame a guy just for the sake of blaming someone is stupid.


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Sci fi/Fantasy image by
Narissa WilleverA shamanic spirit breathes magic and mystery into the everyday world. I drew the original piece with charcoal, then enhanced it in Photoshop. I wanted the different parts of the shamanic spirit to be slightly disjointed, as if appearing from the ether and coalescing around the window onto the real world. This spirit is the sacredness found in natural things, which we often lose in our hectic modern lives...
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text: This cybernetic hand is the first to give amputees a sense of touchGeorge Dvorsky2/05/14 2:30pmFiled to: Futurismcyberneticscyborgsassistive devicesadvanced prosthesesDennis Aabo SørensenSilvestro Miceratransneural electrodesimplantscybernetic implantsbiotechnologyscience4815EditPromoteShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalinkYou're looking at LifeHand2, a prosthetic limb that allows amputees to feel sensory-rich information in real time. The futuristic device, which transmits signals to nerves in the upper arm, is not yet commercially available or portable — but it represents an important proof-of-concept as researchers work to create more life-like assistive devices.To date, researchers have only been able to simulate the sense of touch with prosthetics in lab animals. By using a technique called intracortical microstimulation (ICMS), researchers from the University of Chicago successfully identified brain patterns associated with touch in Rhesus macaques, and then projected those sensations to specific areas of their bodies.


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Thomas Kissinger, author of "The Glory Of God And The Honor Of Kings," presents his second book in which he continues to challenge the reader to search the Scriptures daily in order to discover their true meaning and intent. Within this book are fifteen topics of a Biblical nature that cause the reader to see that the God of the Bible has been misunderstood and misrepresented by modern day Christianity. The overall theme of the Noble Berean is that God, Who is love, shall ultimately draw all men unto Himself. This is the first book in the Noble Berean Series.Kissinger, Thomas / Mark is the author of 'The Noble Berean, Vol. 1', published 2007 under ISBN 9780978513412 and ISBN 097851341X.
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Meningioma starts in the cells of the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord (meninges). Meningiomas can be low to high grade (grades I–III). Grade I is the most common type of meningioma.
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Clinical trials
People with meningioma may be offered the opportunity to participate in clinical trials. For more information, go to clinical trials.
Celebrating cancer survivors at Relay For Life
For cancer survivors, the Canadian Cancer Society provides a unique opportunity to celebrate their courage in the fight against cancer. During hundreds of Relay For Life events across the country, thousands of survivors join together for the Survivors' Victory Lap.


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Groupon's board is getting a major shake-up. Jordan Rohan, analyst at Stifel Nicolaus, weighs in. |
CNBC's Darren Rovell reports on how shares of GNC Holdings and Vitamin Shoppe are faring since the FDA sent warning letters regarding an ingredient in some of the companies' products. |
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Insight on the $300 million partnership between Barnes & Noble and Microsoft. John Tinker, analyst at Maxim Group, and Peter Wahlstrom, analyst at Morningstar, weigh in. |
Willie Williams, Societe Generale discusses the best play on currencies right now since a weaker-than-expected US GDP report. The FMHR traders also discuss what's trending on twitter right now. |
Grainger Industrial Supply raised its dividend on Thursday after a strong earnings report. Jim Iuorio, TJM Institutional Services, offers insight. Chris Konstantinos, Riverfront Investment Group, also shares his perspective on the best dividend plays right now. |
The FMHR traders discuss how to trade a 2% economy and whether to go for yield or go for growth. Herman Leung, Susquehanna senior analyst, also discusses the trade on Amazon since the company reported a blowout quarter. |
The game site company beat Street expectations but posted a net loss in the first quarter as costs jumped sharply. Mark May, Barclays Capital analyst and Ken Sena, Evercore Partners analyst, break down Zynga's numbers and the play on the stock. |
Ken Sena, Evercore Partners analyst and Jason Helfstein, Oppenheimer analyst, break down the tech giant's blowout Q1 reporting EPS of $0.28 vs. $0.07 and revenues of $13.2B vs. $12.90B, and take a look at its outlook for growth. |
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Michael Murphy, CEO of Rosecliff Capital, offers insight on Whirlpool's earnings report. Meanwhile Paul Coster, JPMorgan analyst, discusses whether Coinstar can survive the drop in DVD sales. |
Some 72% of companies have reported earnings above estimates. The FMHR traders weigh in with the play on the numbers. Also, Citigroup analyst, Mark Mahaney explains why he has a "sell" rating on Akamai and a "buy" rating on Amazon and a look at the mid-day market movers and how to trade them. |
CNBC's Jane Wells reports on the coffee giant's earnings forecast and its attempt to perk up profits by venturing into wine and beer, with Keith Siegner, Credit Suisse restaurant analyst. |
Paul Sankey, Deutsche Bank analyst, breaks down the numbers on Exxon's big earnings miss. |
Akamai follows up blowout Q4 with another earnings beat today. Meanwhile Gene Munster, an analyst at Piper Jaffray, discusses whether you should buy Amazon ahead of its earnings announcement. |
Apple now accounts for 36% of all profit growth for the S&P 500 this quarter, but Walter Piecyk, BTIG Research analyst explains why he downgraded the company ahead of its earnings. Stephen Volkmann, Jefferies analyst, also discusses his 'buy' rating on Caterpillar. |
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Peter Misek, Jefferies & Company senior analyst and CNBC's Jon Fortt discuss the tech giant's blow out quarter, earning $12.30 per share on revenues of $39.2 billion. Shares of Apple are back over $600 a share in after-hours trading. |
Dissecting the day's major business news, including Apple's upbeat earnings surprise, with the Fast Money traders and Brian White, analyst at Topeka Capital Markets. |
CNBC's Maria Bartiromo and Jon Fortt report on Apple's Q2 earnings results. Larry Haverty, Gamco Investors; Alex Gauna, JMP Securities; and Shaw Wu, Sterne Agee, weigh in. |
Breaking down the best currency play since European bank stocks hit 2011 lows, with MacNeil Curry, Bank of America Merrill Lynch. |
The FMHR traders discuss Monster Worldwide's 18% drop. Simon Baker, Baker Avenue Asset Management, made a bullish bet several weeks ago and now offers insight on the stock's trajectory. Meanwhile Mark Zgutowicz, Piper Jaffray senior analyst, also offers insight into his company's "overweight" rating on LinkedIn. |
Discussing the causes and effects of Apple's latest weakness ahead of the company's earnings report today, with Toni Sacconaghi, Bernstein Research senior analyst. |


text:
To prevent decarburization (oxygen reacting with carbon in the steel) a stainless steel foil is used to make an envelope. The edges of the foil get folded up and pressed to make a seal. Once the knife is sealed in, it goes into the oven.
My quench plates are readied. These large copper plates that I place in a carpenter's vise.
In about an hour the HT2100 heat treatment oven and the wrapped up knife is up to temperature. I hold this temperature for about 20 minutes to ensure a good conversion.
Out of the oven...
into the quench plates. Within a minute the knife is cool enough to handle.
This is the foil after the quench.
Opening the foil envelope reveals a hardened blade with a small amount of oxidization.
After the hardening process, it's into the tempering oven to soften the steel a small amount. For CPM154 the recipe I like is 2 hours at 200°C (400°F). Allow to cool and repeat. The aim here is a hardness of Rockwell 59.


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(Source: Kansas City Southern press release, August 28, 2012)KANSAS CITY, Mo. — Kansas City Southern (KCS) announced today its schedule for the 12th Annual Holiday Express. At each scheduled stop, visitors can board the train, visit with Santa and his elves and tour the inside of three cars of the festive six-car train. Each event is free and open to the public.November 23 – Jefferson, TexasNovember 24 – Greenville, TexasNovember 25 – Wylie, TexasNovember 26 – Pittsburg, TexasNovember 27 – Ruston, La.November 28 – Monroe, La.November 29 – Pearl, Miss. (Jackson area)November 30 – Meridian, Miss.December 1 – Newton, Miss.December 2 – Vicksburg, Miss.December 3 – Shreveport, La.December 4 – Ashdown, Ark.December 5 – De Queen, Ark.December 6 – Mena, Ark.December 7 – Heavener, Okla.December 8 – Noel, Mo.December 9 – Stilwell, Okla.December 10 – Decatur, Ark.December 11 – Joplin, Mo.December 12 – Pittsburg, Ks.December 13 – Drexel, Mo.December 14, 15 & 16 – Kansas City, Mo.Schedule details and more Holiday Express information are available from a link on the home page of www.kcsouthern.com or at KCS Holiday Express on Facebook.In addition to offering free, public events, KCS' Holiday Express has a charitable component. Over 11 years, the project has raised over $1 million to purchase gift cards, which are donated to the Salvation Army at each scheduled stop. These gift cards are designated for the purchase of warm clothing and other necessities for children. Anyone interested in making a tax-deductible contribution to the 2012 Holiday Express fundraising campaign may do so online from the Holiday Express section of www.kcsouthern.com. Sponsorship benefits are available for contributions of $500 or more. The 2012 campaign will close on October 29. The Holiday Express was built on the tradition of the Santa Train, which ran on a segment of the network purchased by KCS in 1997. In 2000, KCS employees noticed that the Santa Train was the only Christmas some kids had, and that some did not even have essential items like coats, hats and gloves. KCS employees were so touched that they committed to elevating the project. In 2001, volunteers transformed a retired freight train to the experience that communities throughout KCS' U.S. service territory enjoy today. Led by KCS' Southern Belle business train, the Holiday Express train includes a smiling tank car "Rudy"; a flatcar carrying Santa's sleigh, reindeer and a miniature village; a ginger bread boxcar; a newly remodeled elves' workshop; the reindeer stable; and a little red caboose. Each car is dressed in lights. Headquartered in Kansas City, Mo., KCS is a transportation holding company that has railroad investments in the U.S., Mexico and Panama. Its primary U.S. holding is The Kansas City Southern Railway Company, serving the central and south central U.S. Its international holdings include Kansas City Southern de Mexico, S.A. de C.V., serving northeastern and central Mexico and the port cities of Lázaro Cárdenas, Tampico and Veracruz, and a 50 percent interest in Panama Canal Railway Company, providing ocean-to-ocean freight and passenger service along the Panama Canal. KCS' North American rail holdings and strategic alliances are primary components of a NAFTA Railway system, linking the commercial and industrial centers of the U.S., Mexico and Canada. In 2012, KCS celebrates its 125th anniversary.
Wednesday, August 29, 2012
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text: George H.W. Bush Has Been in the Hospital Since Saturday [Updated]Prachi Gupta1/18/17 10:20amFiled to: George H.W. BushHealthformer president3017EditPromoteShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalink Image via Getty. Former President George H.W. Bush has been in the hospital for shortness of breath since Saturday. Advertisement The Associated Press reports that the 41st president was admitted to Houston Methodist Hospital in Texas, but that he has "responded very well to treatments," according to spokesperson Jim McGrath. Bush's office chief of staff, Jean Becker, told Houston's KHOU 11 News that the former president is "doing fine" and is expected to return home in a few days.Bush, who is the oldest living former president, suffers from Parkinson's disease and relies on a scooter or wheelchair for mobility. He has been hospitalized several times in recent years: In 2015, he broke his neck during a fall, in 2014 he was hospitalized for shortness of breath, and in 2012, he was sent to the intensive care unit after suffering from bronchitis. Advertisement He will be the only living former president not attending Donald Trump's inauguration on Jan. 20, a decision made over concerns of Bush's health and age, according to McGrath.Updated (1:30 p.m. EST): NBC Nightly News's social editor Micah Grimes tweeted that Bush has been taken to the intensive care unit, and that his wife, former first lady Barbara Bush, has been hospitalized:Here's the official statement by the Office of George H.W. Bush:Prachi Gupta@prachiguPrachi Gupta is a senior reporter at Jezebel.PGP Fingerprint: B7A9 2B02 F165 5FE7 8031 E88B 9635 8A16 D538 82C2Reply301 repliesLeave a reply


text:
Philadelphia in Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania — The American Northeast (Mid-Atlantic)
Jessie Redmon Fauset
Erected 1993 by Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission.
Location. 39° 58.97′ N, 75° 9.713′ W. Marker is in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in Philadelphia County. Marker is on North 17th Street. Click for map. Marker is at or near this postal address: 1853 N 17th Street, Philadelphia PA 19121, United States of America.
Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within walking distance of this marker. Church of the Advocate (approx. 0.2 miles away); Universal Negro Improvement Association (approx. ¼ mile away); Siegmund Lubin (approx. 0.4 miles away); Opportunities Industrialization Centers (approx. 0.4 miles away); Pearl Bailey (approx. half a mile away); Freedom Theatre (approx. 0.6 miles away); The Legendary Blue Horizon (approx. 0.6 miles away); Baker Bowl National League Park (approx. 0.8 miles away). Click for a list of all markers in Philadelphia.
Categories. • African Americans • Arts, Letters, Music •
Credits. This page originally submitted on , by Don Morfe of Baltimore, Md 21234. This page has been viewed 156 times since then and 11 times this year. Photo 1. submitted on , by Don Morfe of Baltimore, Md 21234. • Bill Pfingsten was the editor who published this page. This page was last revised on June 16, 2016.


text:
- Product Description
WIRE CLIPS FIST GRIP 24-26MM G-429 - Specifications
Additional Information
Name WIRE CLIPS FIST GRIP 24-26MM G-429 SKU 4ON24 Brand CROSBY Netto Weight 1.3 KG Manufacturing Number 1010612 Dimension Unit 78 X 57 X 94 MM Type Fist Grip Wire Clips Benefit - Based on the catalog breaking strength of wire rope, Crosby wire rope clips have an efficiency rating of 80% for 3/16 INC - 7/8 INC sizes, and 90% for sizes 1 INC through 1-1/2 INC.
- Bolts are an integral part of the saddle. Nuts can be installed in such a way as to enable the operator to swing the wrench in a full arc for fast installation.
- All sizes have forged steel saddles.
- All Clips are individually bagged or tagged with proper application instructions and warning information.
- Meets or exceeds all requirements of ASME B30.26 including identification, ductility, design factor, proof load and temperature requirements. Importantly, these wire rope clips meet other critical performance requirements including fatigue life, impact properties and material traceability, not addressed by ASME B30.26.
- Assembled with standard heavy hex nuts.
Features - Entire clip is Galvanized to resist corrosive and rusting action.
Specification - Size : 1 INC (24-26 MM)
- Weight : 1.3 KG
- Length : 78 MM
- Width : 57 MM
- Height : 94 MM
- Material : Forged Steel
Planned Delivery Time 2 Lead Time 1 Sales UOM EA Item Fist Grip Wire Clips - Reviews
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text:
Over deze norm
Status | Definitief |
Aantal pagina's | 7 |
Commissie | Lucht- en ruimtevaart |
Gepubliceerd op | 01-02-2006 |
Taal | Engels |
This International Standard specifies the functional requirements for a self-propelled loader capable of raising air cargo unit load devices (ULDs) with base dimensions and maximum mass as given in Table 1. This International Standard does not provide all the design requirements applicable for aircraft main deck loaders. Other requirements can be found in separate International Standards: - ISO 4116 specifies the additional requirements applicable for conveying surfaces of those pieces of aircraft ground support equipment intended for handling and loading of baggage and cargo unit load devices; - ISO 6966-1 and ISO 6966-2 specify, respectively, the general and safety-related requirements applicable to all aircraft ground support equipment. The requirements of this International Standard were determined based on generally recognized assumptions with regard to a) the normally intended use of aircraft ground support equipment, when used on the ramp of international civil airports in order to handle, service or maintain civil transport aircraft; b) the environmental (surface, slope, weather, lighting, operating rules, staff qualification, etc.) conditions prevailing on the ramp area of the majority of international civil airports. It is assumed the manufacturers of aircraft main deck loaders define in the relevant documentation the specifically intended conditions of use and environment for each item of equipment, and the purchasers systematically review their own specific conditions of use and environment in order to determine whether those stated are adequate, or negotiate with the manufacturer appropriate modifications to ensure they are.
ICS-code |
49.120 |
Nederlandse titel | Aircraft ground equipment - Main deck loader - Functional requirements |
Engelse titel | Aircraft ground equipment - Main deck loader - Functional requirements |
Vervangt |


text:
Topit Bracelets Malaysia
Get 67% discounts on Topit Bracelets, exclusively at iprice! Men's Titanium Steel Leather Bracelet, are two most popular Topit Bracelets from the brand. If Topit Bracelets does not tickle your fancy, do check out U7, Wagga Shop and Vakind online. On iprice, Topit Bracelets are offered between RM 16.00 - RM 31.00. You can find either a Bracelets and Necklaces


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What is scalpicin?
Lactinol-E 10 % Topical Cream
Drug Name:
This medication has 2 types of ingredients (emollient, keratolytic) that work together to treat or prevent dry, rough, scaly, itchy skin (e.g., eczema, keratosis, xerosis). Dry skin is caused by a loss of water in the upper layer of the skin. Emollients are substances that soften and moisturize the skin and decrease itching and flaking. Emollients/moisturizers work by forming an oily layer on the top of the skin that traps water in the skin. Petrolatum, lanolin, mineral oil, and dimethicone are common emollients. Lactic acid, salicylic acid, and urea are keratolytics. They increase moisture in the skin by softening/dissolving the horny substance (keratin) holding the top layer of skin cells together. This helps the dead skin cells fall off and helps the skin keep more water in. Higher strengths of urea are used to treat corns, callous, and some nail problems (e.g., ingrown nails). Urea is also used to help remove dead tissue in some wounds to help wound healing.
What are the possible side effects of taking scalpicin?
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M61 Vulcan
this wiki
M61 Vulcan | |
An unmounted M61 Vulcan. | |
Type | Rotary cannon |
Place of origin | United States |
Service history | |
In service | 1959–present |
Used by | United States, some NATO members, South Korea, Saudi Arabia, and others |
Wars | Vietnam War Gulf War War in Afghanistan Iraq War |
Production history | |
Designed | 1946 |
Manufacturer | General Electric |
Variants | See below |
Specifications | |
Weight | M61A1: 248 pounds (112 kg) without feed system M61A2: 202 pounds (92 kg) without feed system |
Length | 71.93 in (1.827 m) |
| |
Cartridge | 20×102 mm |
Caliber | 20 mm (0.787 in) |
Barrels | 6-barrel (progressive RH parabolic twist, 9 grooves) |
Action | Hydraulically operated, electrically fired, rotary cannon |
Rate of fire | M61A1: 6,000 rounds per minute M61A2: 6,600 rounds per minute |
Muzzle velocity | 3,450 feet per second (1,050 m/s) with PGU-28/B round |
Feed system | Belt or linkless feed system |
The M61 Vulcan is a hydraulically or pneumatically driven, six-barrel, air-cooled, electrically fired Gatling-style rotary cannon which fires 20 mm rounds at an extremely high rate (typically 6,000 rounds per minute). The M61 and its derivatives have been the principal cannon armament of United States military fixed-wing aircraft for fifty years.[1]
The M61 was originally produced by General Electric, and after several mergers and acquisitions is currently produced by General Dynamics.[1]
At the end of World War II, the United States Army began to consider new directions for future military aircraft guns. The higher speeds of jet-powered fighter aircraft meant that achieving an effective number of hits would be extremely difficult without a much higher volume of fire. While captured German designs (principally the Mauser MG 213C) showed the potential of the single-barrel revolver cannon, the practical rate of fire of such a design was still limited by ammunition feed and barrel wear concerns. The Army wanted something better, combining extremely high rate of fire with exceptional reliability.[citation needed] In 1947, the Air Force became a separate branch of the military. The new Air Force made a request for a new aircraft gun. A lesson of World War II air combat was that German, Italian and Japanese fighters could attack American aircraft from long range with their cannon main armament. American fighters with .50 cal main armament, such as the P-51 and P-47, had to be close with the enemy in order to hit and damage enemy aircraft. The 20mm Hispano carried by the P-38 while formidable against propeller driven planes was deemed a relatively low velocity weapon in the age of jets, while other cannon were notoriously unreliable.
In response to this requirement, the Armament Division of General Electric resurrected an old idea: the multi-barrel Gatling gun. The original Gatling gun had fallen out of favor because of the need for an external power source to rotate the barrel assembly, but the new generation of turbojet-powered fighters offered sufficient electric power to operate the gun, and electric operation was more reliable than gas-operated reloading.[2] With multiple barrels, the rate of fire per barrel could be lower than a single-barrel revolver cannon while providing greater overall rate of fire. The idea of powering a Gatling gun from an external electric power source was not a novel idea at the end of the World War II, as Richard Jordan Gatling himself had done just that in 1893, with a patent he filed.[2]
In 1946 the Army issued General Electric a contract for "Project Vulcan", a six-barrel weapon capable of firing 7,200 rounds per minute (rpm).[3] Although European designers were moving towards heavier 30 mm weapons for better hitting power, the U.S. initially concentrated on a powerful 0.60-inch (15 mm) cartridge designed for a pre-war anti-tank rifle, expecting that the cartridge's high muzzle velocity would be beneficial for improving hit ratios on high speed targets.[citation needed]
The first GE prototypes of the 0.60-inch (15 mm) caliber T45 were ground-fired in 1949; it achieved 2,500 rpm, which was increased to 4,000 rpm by 1950. By the early 1950s, the USAF decided that high velocity alone might not be sufficient to ensure target destruction and tested 20 mm and 27 mm alternatives based on the 0.60-inch (15 mm) caliber cartridge. These variants of the T45 were known as the T171 and T150 respectively, and were first tested in 1952. Eventually, the 20×102 mm cartridge was determined to have the desired balance of projectile and explosive weight and muzzle velocity.[citation needed]
The development of the Lockheed F-104 Starfighter revealed that the T171 Vulcan (later redesignated M61) suffered problems with its linked ammunition, being prone to misfeed and presenting a foreign object damage (FOD) hazard with discarded links. A linkless ammunition feed system was developed for the upgraded M61A1, which subsequently became the standard cannon armament of U.S. fighters.[citation needed]
In 1993, General Electric sold its aerospace division, including GE Armament Systems along with the design and production tooling for the M61 and GE's other rotary cannon, to Martin Marietta. After Martin's merger with Lockheed, the rotary cannon became the responsibility of Lockheed Martin Armament Systems. Lockheed Martin Armament Systems was later acquired by General Dynamics, who currently produce the M61 and its variants.[1]
Each of the cannon's six barrels fires once in turn during each revolution of the barrel cluster. The multiple barrels provide both a very high rate of fire—around 100 rounds per second—and contribute to prolonged weapon life by minimizing barrel erosion and heat generation. Mean time between jams or failures is in excess of 10,000 rounds, making it an extremely reliable weapon.[citation needed] The success of the Vulcan Project and its subsequent progeny, the very-high-speed Gatling gun, has led to guns of the same configuration being referred to as "Vulcan cannon", which can sometimes confuse nomenclature on the subject.[citation needed]
Most aircraft versions of the M61 are hydraulically driven and electrically primed. The gun rotor, barrel assembly and ammunition feed system are rotated by a hydraulic drive motor through a system of flexible drive shafts. The round is fired by an electric priming system where an electric current from a firing lead passes through the firing pin to the primer as each round is rotated into the firing position.[4]
The self-powered version, the GAU-4 (called M130 in Army service), is gas-operated, tapping gun gas from three of the six barrels to operate the gun gas driven mechanism. The self-powered Vulcan weighs about 10 pounds (4.5 kg) more than its electric counterpart, but requires no external power source to operate, except for an electric, inertia starter to initiate gun rotation, allowing the first rounds to be chambered and fired.[4]
The initial M61 used linked, belted ammunition, but the ejection of spent links created considerable (and ultimately insuperable) problems. The original weapon was soon replaced by the M61A1, with a linkless feed system. Depending on the application, the feed system can be either single-ended (ejecting spent cases and unfired rounds) or double-ended (returning casings back to the magazine). A disadvantage of the M61 is that the bulk of the weapon, its feed system, and ammunition drum makes it difficult to fit it into a densely packed airframe.[citation needed]
The feed system must be custom-designed for each application, adding 300–400 lb (140–180 kg) to the complete weapon. Most aircraft installations are double-ended, because the ejection of empty cartridges can cause a foreign-object damage (FOD) hazard for jet engines and because the retention of spent cases assists in maintaining the center of gravity of the aircraft. The first aircraft to carry the M61A1 was the C model of the F-104, starting in 1959.[citation needed]
A lighter version of the Vulcan developed for use on the F-22 Raptor, the M61A2, is mechanically the same as the M61A1, but with thinner barrels to reduce overall weight to 202 pounds (92 kg). The rotor and housing have also been modified to remove any piece of metal not absolutely needed for operation and replaces some metal components with lighter weight materials. The F/A-18E/F Super Hornet also uses this version.[5]
The Vulcan's rate of fire is typically 6,000 rounds per minute, although some versions (such as that of the AMX and the F-106 Delta Dart) are limited to a lower rate, and others (A-7 Corsair) have a selectable rate of fire of either 4,000 or 6,000 rounds per minute. The M61A2's lighter barrels allow a somewhat higher rate of fire up to 6,600 rounds per minute.[citation needed]
Practically no powered rotary cannon is supplied with sufficient ammunition for a full minute of firing, due to its weight. In order to avoid using the few hundred rounds carried in a matter of a single trigger pull, a burst controller is generally used to limit the number of rounds fired at each trigger pull. Bursts of from two or three up to 40 or 50 can be selected.[citation needed] The size of the airframe and available internal space limits the size of the ammunition drum and thus limits the ammunition capacity.
Until the late 1980s the M61 primarily used the M50 series of ammunition in various types, typically firing a 3.5 ounces (99 g) projectile at a muzzle velocity of about 3,380 feet per second (1,030 m/s). A variety of Armor-Piercing Incendiary (API), High Explosive Incendiary (HEI), and training rounds are available. Around 1988 a new round was introduced, the PGU-28/B,[6] which is now standard for US Navy and Air Force aircraft. The PGU-28/B is a "low-drag" round designed to reduce in-flight drag and deceleration, and has a slightly increased muzzle velocity of 3,450 feet per second (1,050 m/s).[citation needed]
The PGU-28/B is a semi-armor piercing high explosive incendiary (SAPHEI) round, providing substantial improvements in range, accuracy, and power over the preceding M56A3 HEI round. The PGU-28/B has not been without problems, however. A 2000 USAF safety report noted 24 premature detonation mishaps (causing serious damage in many cases) in 12 years with the SAPHEI round, compared to only two such mishaps in the entire recorded history of the M56 round. The report estimated that the current PGU-28/B had a potential failure rate 80 times higher than USAF standards permit.[7]
The main types of combat rounds and their main characteristics are listed in the table below.
Designation | Type | Projectile weight | Bursting charge [g] | Muzzle Velocity [m/s] | Description |
M53 | API | ? | 4.2 g incendiary[8] | 1030 | 6.3 mm RHA penetration at 0 degree impact angle and 1000 m range.[8] |
M56A3/A4 | HEI | 102 g (3.6 oz)[9] | 9 g HE (RDX/wax/Al) and 1.5 g incendiary[8][9] | 1030 | Nose fuzed round, no tracer. 2 m effective radius to produce casualties to exposed personnel.[8] Fragmentation hazard out to 20 m.[9] 12.5 mm RHA penetration at 0 degree obliquity at 100 m range.[8] |
PGU-28A/B | SAPHEI | 102.4 g (3.61 oz)[10] | 10 g[9] | 1050 | Multi-purpose fuzeless round with an incendiary charge in the nose setting off the HE behind it with a slight delay to maximize lethality against aircraft. No tracer or self-destruct. A zirconium pellet at the bottom of the HE cavity provides additional incendiary effect. |
Applications and first combat useEdit
The Vulcan first entered aerial combat on 4 April 1965 when four North Vietnamese Air Force MiG-17s (J-5s)[11] attacked a force of 10 escorting North American F-100 Super Sabres (2 of which were assigned weather reconnaissance duties) and 48 Vulcan armed, but "bomb-laden F-105s", shooting down two Thunderchiefs. The MiG Leader, Capt. Tran Hanh, and the only survivor from the 4 MiGs reported that U.S. jets had pursued them and that F-105s had shot down 3 of his aircraft, killing Lieutenants Pham Giay, Le Minh Huan, and Tran Nguyen Nam. Capt. Donald Kilgus piloting an F-100 did receive an official probable kill with his four M39 20mm cannons during the engagement; however no other US pilot reported destroying any MiGs during the battle, leaving open the plausibility that at least 2 of the MiG-17s may have been downed by their own AA fire.[12][13][14]
The first confirmed Vulcan gun kill occurred on 29 June 1966 when Major Fred Tracy, flying his F-105 Thunderchief with the 421st TFS, fired 200 rounds of 20mm into a MiG-17 that had just fired a 23mm shell through one side of his cockpit and which exited out the other side. When the NVAF MiG flew in front of him after making his pass, Maj. Tracy opened fire on him.[15][16]
The gun was installed in the Air Force's A-7D version of the LTV A-7 Corsair II where it replaced the earlier United States Navy A-7's Colt Mk 12 cannon and was adopted by the Navy on the A-7C and A-7E.[17] It was integrated into the newer F-4E Phantom II variants. The F-4 was originally designed without a cannon as it was believed that missiles had made guns obsolete. Combat experience in Vietnam showed that a gun could be more effective than guided missiles in many combat situations, and that an externally carried gun pod was less effective than an internal gun; the first generation of gun pods such as the SUU-16 were not oriented with the sights of the fighter. The improved pods were self-powered and properly synchronized to the fighters sights. The next generation of fighters built post-Vietnam incorporated the M61 gun internally.[citation needed]
Date/Year | Firing aircraft | M61 Vulcan variant | Aircraft downed | USAF Unit/comments |
29 June 1966 | F-105D Thunderchief | M61A1 | MiG-17 | 421st Tactical Fighter Squadron[19] |
18 August 1966 | F-105D | M61A1 | MiG-17 | 34th TFS |
21 September 1966 | F-105D | M61A1 | MiG-17 | 333rd TFS |
21 September 1966 | F-105D | M61A1 | MiG-17 | 431st TFS |
4 December 1966 | F-105D | M61A1 | MiG-17 | 469th TFS |
1967 | F-105D/F-105F | M61A1 | (5) MiG-17s | 333rd TFS |
1967 | F-105D | M61A1 | (8) MiG-17s | 354th TFS |
1967 | F-105D/F-105F | M61A1 | (4) MiG-17s | 357th TFS |
1967 | F-4C Phantom II | SUU-16 gunpod | (2) MiG-17s | 480th TFS |
13 May 1967 | F-105D | M61A1 | MiG-17 | 44th TFS |
3 June 1967 | F-105D | M61A1 | MiG-17 | 13th TFS: Captain Ralph Kuster[20] |
23 August 1967 | F-105D | M61A1 | MiG-17 | 34th TFS |
24 October 1967 | F-4D | SUU-23 gunpod | MiG-21 | 433rd TFS |
1967 | F-4D | SUU-23 | (3) MiG-17s | 435th TFS |
3 January 1968 | F-4D | SUU-23 | MiG-17 | 433rd TFS; Pilot, Major B J Bogoslofski, WSO, Captain Richard L Huskey[21] |
14 February 1968 | F-4D | SUU-23 | MiG-17 | 555th TFS |
1972 | F-4E | M61A1 | (3) MiG-21s | 35th TFS; The F4E was the first Phantom II to enter the war with an internal Vulcan gun.[22] |
2 June 1972 | F-4E | M61A1 | MiG-19 | 58th TFS; First kill at supersonic speed (Mach 1.2); Major Phil Handley/WSO 1LT J. J. Smallwood[23] |
9 September 1972 | F-4E | M61A1 | MiG-21 | 555th TFS |
15 October 1972 | F-4E | M61A1 | MiG-21 | 307th TFS |
Total MiG-17s: | 32 | |||
Total MiG-19s: | 1 | |||
Total MiG-21s: | 6 | |||
Total: | 39 |
The Vulcan was later fitted into the weapons bay of some Convair F-106 Delta Dart and General Dynamics F-111 Aardvark models. It was also adopted as standard in the "teen"-series air superiority fighters, the Grumman F-14 Tomcat, the McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle, General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon and McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet. Other aircraft include the Italian/Brazilian AMX International AMX (on Italian aircraft only), and the F-22 Raptor. It was fitted in a side-firing installation on the Fairchild AC-119, some marks of the Lockheed AC-130 gunships, and was used in the tail turrets of both the Convair B-58 Hustler and Boeing B-52H Stratofortress bombers. Japan's Mitsubishi F-1 carried one internally mounted JM61A1 Vulcan with 750 rounds.[17]
Two gun pod versions, the SUU-16/A (also designated M12 by the US Army) and improved SUU-23/A (US Army M25), were developed in the 1960s, often used on gunless versions of the F-4. The SUU-16/A uses the electric M61A1 with a ram-air turbine to power the motor. This proved to cause serious aerodynamic drag at higher speeds, while speeds under 400 miles per hour (640 km/h) did not provide enough airflow for maximum rate of fire.[citation needed]
The subsequent SUU-23/A uses the GAU-4/A self-powered Vulcan, with an electric inertia starter to bring it up to speed. Both pods ejected empty cases and unfired rounds rather than retaining them. Both pods contained 1,200 rounds of ammunition, with a loaded weight of 1,615 and 1,720 pounds (733 and 780 kg) respectively. During service in the Vietnam War the pods proved to be relatively inaccurate: the pylon mounting was not rigid enough to prevent deflection when firing, and repeated use would misalign the pod on its pylon, making matters worse.[citation needed]
A variant with much shorter barrels, designated the M195, was also developed for use on the M35 Armament Subsystem for use on the AH-1G Cobra helicopter. This variant fed from ammunition boxes fitted to the landing skid and was developed to provide the AH-1 helicopter with a longer-range suppressive fire system before the adoption of the M97 Universal Turret mounting the M197 cannon.[citation needed]
The M61 is also the basis of the US Navy Mk 15 Phalanx Close-in weapon system system and the M163 VADS Vulcan Air Defense System, using the M168 variant.[citation needed]
See alsoEdit
- M167 VADS – air defense system using the M61 Vulcan
- M197 Gatling gun – 3-barrel development of M61 for light aircraft
- XM301 – cancelled lightweight 20 mm cannon
- M134 Minigun – 7.62 mm gun
- GAU-8 Avenger – General Electric, 30 mm caliber
- GAU-12 Equalizer – General Electric, 25 mm caliber
- Soviet Union/CIS
- Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-6-23 – 23 mm
- Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-30-1 – high rate single barrel 30 mm caliber
- Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-6-30
- Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-30-2
- Shipunov 2A42 – 30 mm caliber
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "M61 20mm cannon". Federation of American Scientists. 23 April 2000. http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ac/equip/m61.htm. Retrieved 2009-02-28.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Elec key Gatling" (JPEG). Image shack. http://img294.imageshack.us/img294/2433/eleckeygatling.jpg..
- ↑ Wahl, Paul F; Toppel, Donald R (5 Oct 2005). "The Gatling Gun". Aircraft Armament & Small Arms Product Support Integration Directorate. Archived from the original on 2008-09-21. https://web.archive.org/web/20080921095536/http://tri.army.mil/LC/CS/csa/aagatlin.htm. Retrieved 2008-09-28.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Air Force Manual 11W1-12-4-32
- ↑ "Projects". "…features new lightweight gun system is the General Dynamics M61A2, which has a switchable firing rate of 4,000 or 6,000 shots per minute and a fully integrated linkless ammunition feed system"
- ↑ "PGU-27A/B TP/PGU-28A/B SAPHEI/ GU-30A/B TP-T". Global Security. http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/munitions/pgu-28.htm. Retrieved 2008-09-28.
- ↑ (PDF) Ammunition Active (Report). Airborne Weapons Corrective Action Program. 30 November 2001. pp. 1–6. 14597. Archived from the original on 17 October 2004. https://web.archive.org/web/20041017182625/https://tercel.mugu.navy.mil/drlog/awcap/volumes/vol8/ammo/v348_prob.pdf.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 "20-Millimeter". Air cav. 12 January 2008. http://www.aircav.com/cobra/ammo20.html.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 "ORDATA: Ordnance Identification Tool". JMU. Archived from the original on 19 August 2014. https://web.archive.org/20140819195104/http://maic.jmu.edu:80/ordata/.
- ↑ "PGU-27A/B TP/PGU-28A/B SAPHEI/PGU-30A/B TP-T". Global Security. July 7, 2011. http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/munitions/pgu-28.htm. Retrieved 2010-01-25.
- ↑ Toperczer (MiG-17/MiG-19 Units) p. 65
- ↑ Hobson p. 17
- ↑ Anderton p. 71
- ↑ Toperczer (MiG-17/MiG-19 Units) pp. 30, 31, 88
- ↑ McCarthy Jr. p. 38, photo of 23mm cannon exit hole on Maj. Tracy's F-105
- ↑ Michel III p. 56
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 Chant, Christopher (1987). A Compendium of Armaments and Military Hardware. Routledge. pp. 65–70, 106, 114–15, 341–43, 363, 389, 404–5. ISBN 978-0-7102-0720-3. http://books.google.com/?id=k9cNAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA115.
- ↑ McCarthy Jr. pp. 148–57. Excludes combination air-to-air missile/gun kills.
- ↑ McCarthy Jr. p. 38
- ↑ Campbell & Hill p. 43/photo of his F-105 plate # 213
- ↑ Davies, Osprey #45, p. 86
- ↑ Michel III pp. 181, 267
- ↑ Davies, Osprey #55, pp. 37–38
- Anderton, David A. North American F-100 Super Sabre. Osprey Publishing, 1987. ISBN 978-0-85045-662-2.
- Campbell, John M. and Hill, Michael. Roll Call: Thud; A Photographic Record of the F-105 Thunderchief. 1996, Schiffer Publishing. ISBN 0-7643-0062-8.
- Davies, Peter E. U.S. Air Force F-4 Phantom II MiG Killers 1965–68. Osprey Combat Aircraft #45, 2004, Osprey Publishing, UK. ISBN 1-84176-656-9.
- Davies, Peter E. USAF F-4 Phantom II MiG Killers 1972–73. Osprey Combat Aircraft 55 (2005). ISBN 1-84176-657-7.
- Hobson, Chris. Vietnam Air Losses, United States Air Force, Navy and Marine Corps Fixed-Wing Aircraft Losses in Southeast Asia 1961–1973. (2001) Midland Publishing. ISBN 1-85780-115-6.
- McCarthy Jr., Donald J. MiG Killers, A Chronology of U.S. Air Victories in the Vietnam War 1965–1973. Specialty Press; 2009 ISBN 978-1-58007-136-9.
- Michel III, Marshall L. Clashes, Air Combat Over North Vietnam 1965–1972. Naval Institute Press; 1997. ISBN 978-1-59114-519-6.
- Toperczer, Istvan. MiG-17 and MiG-19 Units of the Vietnam War. Osprey Combat Aircraft #25, 2008 2nd ed. ISBN 978-1-84176-162-6.
External linksEdit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to M61 Vulcan. |
- "Evolution of the M61 Vulcan Gatling Gun". Army. http://tri.army.mil/lc/cs/csa/aagatlin.htm#M61..
- "M61A1/M61A2". General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems. http://www.gd-ots.com/armament_systems/mbw_M61A1.html.
- "M61 A1 Vulcan - 20 mm Gatling gun system". F-16. http://www.f-16.net/f-16_armament_article5.html..
- "M61 $". FAS. http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ac/equip/m61.htm..
This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors). |


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Ottery St Mary Under-15s power to Central success with Collins netting four
PUBLISHED: 10:11 03 April 2014 | UPDATED: 10:11 03 April 2014
Ottery St Mary 8, Central 2
Ottery St Mary Under-15s powered their way to an emphatic victory in their latest Exeter and District Youth League game.
The first half performance from the Otters was one of pace, power and clinical finishing.
They scored four unanswered first half goals and then, when Central made things interesting with two after the break, they stepped up a gear to net four more.
Tom Collins led the scoring with four goals whilst James Hepworth bagged a hat-trick.
Lewis Matthews got the other Otters goal.
Hepworth was named the Otters Man of the Match for a splendid shift on the right wing.
The Otters were in action last night entertaining Kentisbeare and are back in action again tomorrow when they play host to Brixington Blues.


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a socialistworld is possible: the history of the cwi by peter taaffe
new introduction
'Morenoite' tendencies
Other Trotskyist currents were also initially unable to come to grips with the change in the situation in the 1990s.
Some of them are remnants of the Morenoite tradition based mainly in Latin America, which had, and still has, in a number of countries, a significant effect on the workers movement. Tony Saunois, who has visited this organisation many times, sums up the views of the CWI on this organisation: The forces from a Morenoite tradition, mainly those in the Liga Internacional de los Trabajadores (International Workers League LIT) and a split from their International, the Unidad Internacional de los Trabajadores (International Workers Unity UIT), have in their ranks quite heroic workers and youth. Unfortunately, they have made a number of mistakes in analysis on the character of the present period. They did not face up to the reality of the objective conditions as they developed, particularly after the collapse of Stalinism. Some simply repeated quotes and slogans from Lenin and Trotsky without facing up to the real world situation or the current tasks facing the workers movement. This was especially revealed during the period of the collapse of Stalinism. Basing themselves on their Thesis of 1990, they initially saw the events of 1989-90 as part of a continuing international revolutionary wave! For a whole period they refused to recognise the nature of what was taking place in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe and what the international repercussions of this would be.
It was not until 1996 that they finally accepted that Russia was capitalist. Even in 1995 they argued that The downfall of the bureaucracies through revolutionary action of the masses was a highly positive development because it destroyed the Stalinist apparatus..27 In the same year, their Brazilian party, the PSTU, simply stated: The collapse of the world Stalinist apparatus is a strategic victory for the socialist workers movement.
The UIT, which split from the LIT, accepted the idea of capitalist restoration earlier than the LIT, partly as a result of discussions with the CWI. A section of this grouping unfortunately moved in a more opportunist direction to deal with the new situation. Like the former CWI members in Scotland, they have now moved to build broader socialist formations at the expense of the building of an independent revolutionary party.
The majority of the UIT rejected this approach and in Brazil have a well-known MP, Babá, who has been expelled with three other MPs by Lula from the PT (Workers Party) for opposing the governments neo-liberal attacks on the working class, such as the pension reform. The CST (Brazilian section of the UIT) has played a prominent role in the formation of a new workers party (P-SOL - Party of Socialism and Liberty), which can open up a new future for the Brazilian working class.
Another organisation is the Committee for a Marxist International (CMI), also known as the International Marxist Tendency the Woods-Grant group that split in the early 1990s with small forces from the CWI. We have dealt with their ideas and their increasingly opportunist degeneration elsewhere.28


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On average, listings lease in the $20's per square foot per year. The Polk County submarket is going through a decline in rates. In the last 3 months, the median rate decreased $1 per sqft per year. That's a 3% decline in rent.
In the last 90 days, 122 listings have been posted online, so you'll want to check back regularly for new listings. About 4% of the listings in the Polk County are subleases, so you will probably have to consider a longer term lease. There aren't many listings below 2,000 square feet posted, so finding a space for a small business might be tough.
The standard measurement for office space in this area is around 1,660 sqft. Most buildings in this area are approximately 1 stories. Most buildings in this market were built in 1972 and are Class B.
Trends and status of the commercial real estate market in Polk County.
Market Report
Real time and historical data on commercial real estate listings in Polk County.


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woddy Review
I bought this mattress to put in our camper we just bought. After using it this weekend, I thought it slept comfortably. I bought the short queen and it works good; it is actually about a 1-1/2 inches wider than the platform, but still works fine. I would definately buy this mattress again for an inexpensive rv mattress.
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13 Year Old Katie Fights the Establishment
Opinions of Patients Will Not Be Tolerated
This insane situation could have easily been avoided if some members of Katie's medical team had not been so arrogant and if Texas Child Protection Services (TCPS) had not been so narrow minded.
Last June I sent you the e-Alert "Amber Ambush" (6/15/05) with details about Katie's story. In a nutshell: After undergoing several months of chemo treatments for Hodgkin's disease, Katie's cancer was in remission and her doctor prescribed radiation as a preventive measure. Katie and her parents said no, based on the possible long-range side effects of radiation in the upper body (including damage to the heart muscle, lungs, spine and thyroid gland, a high risk of breast cancer and hormonal disruption). The Werneckes said they wanted to investigate less harmful treatment options.
This was unacceptable, according to Katie's doctor, who was so certain that his plan for Katie's treatment was the one and only course of action that he reported the Werneckes to TCPS. For the unforgivable offense of disagreeing with a doctor, Katie was removed from her family and ordered to undergo treatments. Just as all this was happening, Katie's cancer was found to be active again. At that point her parents agreed to additional chemo treatments, but not radiation.
Finally Some Good News
Court hearings continued throughout the summer, with the Werneckes fighting for custody of their daughter while Katie refused treatment. Then, last week a small ray of good news came from the Texas Supreme Court. Recognizing that Katie's parents are not monsters who would do their daughter harm, the court wisely overturned two lower court rulings:
- Katie's father may now visit her
- Katie's mother may now visit without being forced to promise authorities that she will encourage Katie to comply with the treatment plan
If this seems like small potatoes, it is. But the Werneckes - especially Katie's dad - are grateful to have more access to their daughter, even though visits are still strictly supervised. If a supervisor determines that Katie's parents are encouraging her to refuse any treatment, permission to visit their daughter will be revoked. Is this how you "care" for a cancer patient? Especially a patient who's a child?
Tyranny of Experts
Less than two weeks ago Katie's mother visited her daughter and encouraged her to allow further chemo treatments. Katie agreed, and this is most likely a good decision. Chemotherapy is used on a wide range of cancers, but most cancer patients don't realize that only nine types of cancer have been proven "highly responsive" to chemo. Hodgkin's disease is one of them.Katie's doctors continue to recommend radiation therapy after four more months of chemo, so how her long-range treatment will play out is still unresolved. Attorneys for the Texas Department of Family and Protective Services have stated in court that the Werneckes are "medically neglectful" for refusing radiation. Apparently these attorneys are blissfully unaware of the irony of that statement. Hello! Earth to Texas! Removing an ailing child from loving parents is neglectful in ways you apparently can't conceive of.
In a U.S. News and World Report article about Katie's case, Bernadine Healy, M.D., notes that Texas state officials are mistakenly convinced that radiation treatment is the standard of care in this instance. Dr. Healy's article is appropriately titled "The Tyranny of Experts." Dr. Healy quotes James Nachman, M.D., a pediatric oncologist and a professor of pediatrics at the University of Chicago medical school. Dr. Nachman states that he approves of intervention by child services when it's a matter of life or death. And he adds that the use of radiation in a case like Katie's is NOT a case of life or death.
A new hearing to decide on Katie's custody will be held on November 18th. I'll watch for the results and keep you posted.
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Wednesday 13 December 2017 (other days)
Saint Lucy, Virgin, Martyr
(Wednesday of the 2nd week of Advent)
(Wednesday of the 2nd week of Advent)
The Lord is the king of martyrs: come, let us adore him
Year: B(II). Psalm week: 2. Liturgical Colour: Red.
Saint Lucy, Virgin, Martyr |
Liturgical colour: red |
Mid-morning reading (Terce) | Isaiah 2:11 © |
Human pride will lower its eyes, the arrogance of men will be humbled. The Lord alone will be exalted, on that day.
Noon reading (Sext) | Isaiah 12:2 © |
See now, he is the God of my salvation. I have trust now and no fear, for the Lord is my strength, my song, he is my salvation.
Afternoon reading (None) | Daniel 9:19 © |
Listen, Lord! Lord, forgive! Hear, Lord, and act! For your own sake, my God, do not delay, because they bear your name, this is your city, this is your people.
Scripture readings taken from the Jerusalem Bible, published and copyright © 1966, 1967 and 1968 by Darton, Longman & Todd, Ltd and Doubleday, a division of Random House, Inc, and used by permission of the publishers. For on-line information about other Random House, Inc. books and authors, see the Internet web site at http://www.randomhouse.com.
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Do you want to learn all of the treatment options available for your child? Would you like to learn proven techniques that can help kids with ADD succeed? Are you frustrated as a parent and need some help managing your child with ADD or ADHD? This audiobook, Kids With ADD, was designed as a resource for parents. It will teach you about the range of treatment options for kids with ADD, from medication, to diet and nutrition, behavior management strategies, and even brainwave entrainment.
Whether you want to use all natural methods, medication only, or a combination of everything, this audiobook will educate you about all of the different treatment options. As a parent, you can help influence and control your child's behavior by creating the best treatment plan for their needs. This audiobook will also teach you your rights within the school system, particularly in reference to getting your child the help or special education they may need.
Investigate all possible treatment options for your child with ADD or ADHD. Here is a list of the chapter titles included inside:
Chapter 1: Understanding ADD and ADHD In Children
Chapter 2: Diagnosing ADD/ADHD in Children
Chapter 3: Common Medication Options for Children With ADD/ADHD
Chapter 4: Nurturing the Positive Qualities of ADD/ADHD
Chapter 5: Behavior Management Strategies for Children with ADD/ADHD
Chapter 6: How To Use Diet and Nutrition to Regulate Behavior
Chapter 7: Advocating for Your Child Within the School System
Chapter 8: Partnering With Your Child's Teacher For Success in School
Chapter 9: Using Different Types of Visuals to Help Children With ADD/ADHD
Chapter 10: Brainwave Entrainment: What It Is and How It May Help Your Child
Discover what may work best for your child today! Start now by downloading this audiobook to your device today to learn more about Kids With ADD.
©2013 Heidi F. Jasso (P)2013 Enirtak Inc
"New to ADD"
This book is for the parent who does not know much about ADD/ADHD. It provided a basis/crash course to introduce parents to the world of ADD, but it does not provide helpful hints or tips for parents who have been dealing with this diagnosis for a while.


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Alarming News: I like Morgan Freeberg. A lot.
American Digest: And I like this from "The Blog That Nobody Reads", because it is -- mostly -- about me. What can I say? I'm on an ego trip today. It won't last.
Anti-Idiotarian Rottweiler: We were following a trackback and thinking "hmmm... this is a bloody excellent post!", and then we realized that it was just part III of, well, three...Damn. I wish I'd written those.
Anti-Idiotarian Rottweiler: ...I just remembered that I found a new blog a short while ago, House of Eratosthenes, that I really like. I like his common sense approach and his curiosity when it comes to why people believe what they believe rather than just what they believe.
Brutally Honest: Morgan Freeberg is brilliant.
Dr. Melissa Clouthier: Morgan Freeberg at House of Eratosthenes (pftthats a mouthful) honors big boned women in skimpy clothing. The picture there is priceless--keep scrolling down.
Exile in Portales: Via Gerard: Morgan Freeberg, a guy with a lot to say. And he speaks The Truth...and it's fascinating stuff. Worth a read, or three. Or six.
Just Muttering: Two nice pieces at House of Eratosthenes, one about a perhaps unintended effect of the Enron mess, and one on the Gore-y environ-movie.
Mein Blogovault: Make "the Blog that No One Reads" one of your daily reads.
The Virginian: I know this post will offend some people, but the author makes some good points.
Poetic Justice: Cletus! Ah gots a laiv one fer yew...
Oh my, how inclusive…how tolerant…
"Ronald Reagan deserves a special place in hell for his role in the war on drugs."
The above comment was made by Democratic President of the Cook County Board of Commissioner's, Toni Preckwinkle. There was no backlash, even from Republicans.
She was given a free pass by all.
Before becoming President of the Cook County Board of Commissioners, Toni Preckwinkle was a Chicago alderman. Chicago aldermen are famous for the disproportionate number of them who go to prison.
Preckwinkle is high-ranking member of the Chicago Democratic Machine, the political crime family that rules Chicago, Cook County, and Illinois. Government payrolls there are disproportionately loaded with friends and families of the politicians.
Contrary to popular belief, Preckwinkle is not a reformer or good-government type. She would could not get elected as County Board President if she were.
Toni Preckwinkle made the above comment about former president Ronald Reagan while speaking at a luncheon, "The Opportunities and Responsibilities of Public Service."
When the audience gasped at her remark, she retorted and doubled down, "What? You didn't like that?" There was no backlash. Preckwinkle is immune.
She retracted her "inflammatory remark" hours later.
The retraction was insincere hot air, that nasty carbon stuff. Chicago politicians' apologies and retractions are meaningless gasbaggery.
Wow, it's Reagan-Hate. Kinda like stepping back in a time machine.
Cook County, IL. So that's Chicago, right? 15.2 Murder-Death-Kills per 100,000 population…democrat Mayor since 1931. Oh now I remember, that's the airport whose signs were all wrong and nobody could do anything about it because the unions ran everything. How come it is these megalopolis cities with democrat leadership and high crime rates, can't ever keep their big yaps shut? It's at the point where there's hardly any use pinpointing the location anymore, the profile is always the same: Zillions of people, scads and scads of rapes and aggravated assaults and property crimes, ranking high up on the list of violent/miserable cities, democrat politicians in charge for most of a century.
But they need a big bad conservative, for which they can blame all their problems.
I used to watch the Chicago news on satellite, back when the housing projects like Cabrini-Green were still going. It was so amazing. There would be families of 10-13 people living in houses without electricity or running water. And the projects were totally unbelievable. I couldn't imagine having to deal with such a life. I always wondered how the landlords could get away with having places like that for rent. In most parts of the country, the place would have been condemned. The reason they could get away with it is that the corruption is so deep that they buy off any inspectors. And the people living under horrific conditions continued to vote for the people that kept them in those conditions.
- teripittman | 08/23/2012 @ 17:02Well that's certainly an odd position to take on the Reagan and the war on drugs. Even those that feel that drugs should be legal don't feel that way because society would be a better pace. Usually it's about individual freedom, self determined choices, etc.
Also, I fail to see how a country totally free of drugs would necessarily be a bad place, worthy of the implementer of said policy being castigated as "evil".
I'm gonn'a go out on a limb and say she didn't vote or like Ronny. And also her hatred isn't about the war on drugs. Just sayin'.
BTW, Ms. Prickwink, Pres. Reagan has been died for a few years now. Plenty of presidents, even including Barry, could have decided to change the course on making drugs legal or whatnot. But thanks for your invaluable input.
Speaking of Chitown, heard recently that there are more deaths there everyday than in Afghanistan. What is our exit strategy?
And wasn't someone we all know a community organizer there once upon a time…can't remember his name…anyone? Certainly there should some evidence of "change" that we could see as evidence of some noteworthy accomplishments…at least as important as say…tax records…or past employment in regards to saving companies, creating jobs, wealth creation…what church he attended as an adult or child…how he transported his dogs or rather if he used them for subsistence…past drug usage…peculiar SSN…travels to certain middle eastern countries…how the tuition for college was paid…friends who were domestic terrorists…You know, the usual stuff.
No? Back to our regularly scheduled programming of hate, vitriol, changing the subject so as to deflect attention away from the completely failed policies of the current bottle washer in charge of all things shiny…and golf outings…and Entertainment Tonight appearances.
- tim | 08/24/2012 @ 10:23Leave a Reply
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Lot 311: Yves Saint Laurent
Fine Jewellery & Luxury Design
by Shapiro Auctioneers
25 October 2016
Woollahra, Sydney, Australia
Live AuctionPast Lot
Looking for the realised and estimated price?
Yves Saint Laurent
Brown Saddle Sling Shoulder Bag
pieced leather in distressed metallic finish, aged silver tone hardware, zip closure, suede leather lining with interior zip pocket, labelled 'Yves Saint Laurent rive gauche'
width 40 cm