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Fitting Research Design to Research Purpose
The overall purpose of most research is to investigate a predicted relationship between the occurance of some variation of one variable, A, and the occurance of variations of another variable, B, in the same setting.
Variables may be states of the physical or social environment (e.g., weather conditions, the number of people present in the situation), properties of a stimulus (e.g., the facial expression in a photograph, the content of a message), or characteristics of a person or a person's behavior (e.g., mood state, degree of aggression). Relationships can be between two environmental variables (e.g., the relationship between variations in the coldness of the weather on the number of people who are in an outdoor setting), between an environmental or stimulus variable and an individual characteristic or trait (e.g., the relationship between the state of the weather and the average mood of people exposed to it), or between two characteristics of an individual (e.g., the relationship between mood and aggressiveness). To say that there is a relationship between two such variables means that if the state of one variable differs or changes, we can expect that the state of the other will also change or differ. So, for example, if we measure people's mood on a sunny day and then again on a cloudy day and there is a difference in mood such that mood is more negative on the second occasion, then we can say we have shown a relationship between the state of the weather and individuals' moods.
The nature of the relationship may be specified in terms of the form it will take, that is, what kind of changes in B will accompany particular changes in A and what the causal direction of the relationship will be. Directionality may be differentiated into three types. 1.Unidirectional causation, in which changes in A are predicted to produce subsequent changes in B, but changes in B are not expected to influence A (e.g., increases in the temperature-humidity index are accompanied by an increase in aggressive responses of rats, but the degree of aggressiveness of rats does not affect weather conditions).
2.Bidirectional causation, in which changes in A lead to changes in B and, in addition, changing B produces changes in A (e.g., perceiving threat produces feelings of anxiety, and increasing anxiety enhances the perception of threat).
3.Noncausal covariation (or third-variable causation), in which changes in A are indirectly accompanied by changes in B because both A and B are determined by changes in a third variable, C (e.g., birth rate and consumption of beef steak rise or fall with increases or decreases in the cost of living index).
Moderators and Mediators In addition to specifying the nature and direction of a causal relationship under study, it also is important to distinguish between two different types of "third variables" that can influence causal relationships—moderators and mediators
Sometimes causal relationships can be either augmented or blocked by the presence or absence of factors that serve as moderator variables. To take another weather-related illustration, consider the causal relationship between exposure to sun and sunburn. Although there is a well-established cause–effect link here, it can be moderated by a number of factors. For instance, the relationship is much stronger for fair- skinned individuals than for dark-skinned persons. Thus, fair skin is a moderator variable that enhances the causal relationship between sun exposure and burning. However, this does not mean that the sun–sunburn relationship is spurious.
The moderator variable (skin pigmentation) does not cause the effect in the absence of the independent variable (sun exposure). Other moderator variables can reduce or block a causal sequence. For instance, the use of effective suntan lotions literally "blocks" (or at least retards) the causal link between the sun's ultraviolet rays and burning. Thus, a researcher who assesses the correlation between sun exposure and sunburn among a sample of fair-skinned people who never venture outdoors without a thick coat of 30 SPF sunblock would be ill-advised to conclude that the absence of correlation implied the absence of causation.
Moderator relationships can be represented notationally as follows:
It is important here to distinguish between third variables that serve as moderators and those that serve as mediators of a cause–effect relationship. With moderator effects, the causal link is actually between X and Y, but the observed relationship between these two variables is qualified by levels of variable C, which either enhances or blocks the causal process. A mediational relation, on the other hand, is represented as follows:
In this case, the presence of C is necessary to complete the causal process that links X and Y. In effect, varying X causes variations in C, which, in turn, causes changes in Y.
To return to our weather examples, the effect of rain (X) on depression (Y) may be mediated by social factors (C). Rain (X) causes people to stay indoors or to hide behind big umbrellas, hence reducing social contact (C). Social isolation (C) may, in turn, produce depression (Y). However, rain may not be the only cause of social isolation. In this case, rain as an independent variable is a sufficient, but not necessary, cause in its link to depression. To demonstrate that X causes Y only if C occurs does not invalidate the claim that X and Y have a causal relationship; it only explicates the causal chain involved.
FORMS OF VALIDITY The research strategy should be be guided by considerations of two types of validity—internal and external validity Internal validity has to do with the certainty with which one can attribute a research outcome to the application of a treatment or manipulation that is under the rigid control of the researcher. Internal validity is about the extent to which causal inferences can legitimately be made about the nature of the relationship between the treatment and the outcome.
Just as the choice of research method must be conditioned on considerations of the nature of the phenomenon of interest, so too must the role of statistical techniques be evaluated with respect to the general goal of eliminating or reducing the plausibility of rival alternative hypotheses for the events under investigation.
One potential rival explanation that plagues social research at all stages of investigation is the operation of "chance." The phenomena of interest to the social sciences are generally subject to considerable nonsystematic variation, that is, variations from individual to individual and, within individuals, from time to time. The purpose of most inferential statistical tests is to assess the validity of this rival explanation of results in terms of the probability, or likelihood, that the obtained data pattern could have occurred by chance.
The results of a statistical inference test tell us the probability of a Type I error of inference— the likelihood that a result would be obtained when the null hypothesis (no true relationship between the independent and dependent variable) is actually valid. Statistical significance is achieved when this probability is so low as to render the chance explanation implausible.
External validity is concerned with the issue of generalizability. Assuming that a research finding is internally valid, external validity has to do with the extent that it can be generalized to other respondent groups, to other settings, and to different ways of operationalizing the conceptual variables.
Even when internal validity is high, however, there may arise questions about the validity of interpretations of causal effects obtained in any given study, particularly their applicability or generalizability outside of the experimental setting. These concerns constitute questions of external validity, which can be further divided into questions of (1) generalizability of operationalizations and (2) generalizability of results to other places and participant populations
Validity of Operationalizations corresponds to misusing a statistical technique such as scale vs. technique conflict or failure of assumptions that the technique rests on.
Once a research study has been completed, the investigator is usually interested in reaching conclusions that are generalizable across people and across settings. Threats to this form of external validity arise from possible interaction effects between the treatment variable of interest and the context in which it is delivered, or the type of participant population involved. (a'ka random sampling) An experimental finding lacks external validity if the nature of the effect of the independent variable would be reduced or altered if the setting or the participant population were changed.
Need to cover basic concepts in probability and statististics for reviewing reliability.
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Navy awards UNO for mapping systems
NEW ORLEANS - The University of New Orleans will develop defense mapping systems for the Naval Research Laboratory for the next 5 years.
Mahdi Abdelguerfi, chairman of computer science, and John Finigan, information technology director of the computer science department will be the managers on the project.
Mahdi Abdelguerfi says the work will make use of UNO's expertise in location mapping systems, satellite photos, sea floor depth, and land elevation.
UNO is expected to process map data faster and more effective than the systems currently in place.

subset: commoncrawl


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GoComics All-Stars
One of the most famous and popular comic strips of all time, Bill Watterson's Calvin and Hobbes has been a timeless worldwide favorite since its introduction in 1985. The beloved comic follows the richly imaginative adventures of 6-year-old Calvin and his trusty tiger, Hobbes. Whether you enjoyed it as a child while expanding your vocabulary, as an adult in the newspaper or if you are reacquainting yourself with these cultural icons, Calvin and Hobbes will continue to astound and delight you. Follow the official Calvin and Hobbes accounts on Facebook and Twitter to hear about publishing news, events and giveaways involving a boy, his pet tiger and their brilliant creator.
Calvin and Hobbes
Bill Watterson
Frank and Ernest chronicles the antics of two ordinary guys who are anything but ordinary. They appear in different settings and time periods, occasionally showing up as things rather than people. Punny, whimsical and hard to predict, Frank and Ernest has been a funny pages favorite since 1972.
Frank and Ernest
Richard Thompson's Cul de Sac is a light-hearted comic strip centered around Alice and her suburban life experiences on a cul-de-sac with her friends Beni and Dill, older brother Petey and her classmates at Blisshaven Academy pre-school.
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Rikki Simons and Tavisha Wolfgarth-Simons
Unearthed Comics is a slice-of-life webcomic that updates several times a week, featuring science comics, parenting humor, business jokes, social media cartoons, relationship comics, environmental humor, self-help/personal growth comics, technology cartoons, and health humor.
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CATTITUDE and DOGGONIT share the same space on GoComics. They take it in turns to compete for the readers' attention in their respective feline and canine ways. CAST INFO: CATTITUDE: The cat. DOGGONIT: The dog.
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Click here to read the latest Dumbwich Castle.
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Darrin Bell challenges social, political and cultural assumptions. His award-winning work navigates issues such as civil rights, pop culture, family, science fiction, scriptural wisdom and nihilist philosophy while often casting subjects in roles that are traditionally denied them. According to Darrin, "I cast against type to tell dynamic stories, of people who're bold enough and secure enough to challenge preconceptions. I depict that as the true legacy of America, in everything from its explorers, to its democratic-republican form of government, to its civil rights struggle, to its injection of mankind into space, to its musical innovations. There's nothing more fundamentally all-American than a square peg that insists on filling a round hole." Darrin also creates the comic strips Candorville and Rudy Park.
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Phil Hands is the editorial cartoonist for the Wisconsin State Journal, in Madison, Wis. He draws cartoons on a wide range of topics from state politics to international affairs. A passionate political moderate, Phil creates thoughtful editorial cartoons that attack the partisan hacks and hypocrites on both sides of the aisle. Phil has won a number of state awards for editorial cartooning and was the 2012 recipient of the Society of Professional Journalists Sigma Delta Chi award for editorial cartooning for circulation under 100,000.
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He's always right.


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Publication number | US4018678 A |
Publication type | Grant |
Application number | US 05/496,123 |
Publication date | Apr 19, 1977 |
Filing date | Aug 9, 1974 |
Priority date | Aug 9, 1974 |
Publication number | 05496123, 496123, US 4018678 A, US 4018678A, US-A-4018678, US4018678 A, US4018678A |
Inventors | Quintin P. Peniston, Edwin Lee Johnson |
Original Assignee | Peniston Quintin P, Edwin Lee Johnson |
Export Citation | BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan |
Patent Citations (8), Referenced by (31), Classifications (11), Legal Events (3) | |
External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet | |
The present invention relates to methods of and apparatus for fluid filtration and the like, where the term "fluid" is generically employed to connote liquids, gases and vapors, including smoke, the undesirable components of which are to be removed, or components of which are to be subjected to other reaction with the filtration or other surfaces. More specifically, the invention relates to the novel use of chitosan (or suitable derivatives thereof hereinafter generically referred to as "chitosan") as a coating and/or packing in such and other systems.
The art is, of course, replete with a myriad of filtration techniques and materials for removing undesirable components in fluids and for causing other reactions as the fluid passes through filtration beds or other reactive media. Among the problems encountered with prior filters, however, have been the plugging or clogging with use and the consumption or rendering ineffective of reactive filtering surfaces. Underlying the present invention, however, is the discovery, among other factors, of the highly adaptive use of chitosan as a filtration particle coating and/or packing, in a manner that has been found not only to provide superior physical attributes, but has proven highly reactive to a wide variety of impurities that unexpectedly leave the chitosan in its effective reactive free amino form over extended time periods, despite copious flowing of fluid containing such impurities through the chitosancoated filtration particles or through chitosan particles or packing themselves. It appears that a synergistic or other unpredicted mechanism is peculiarly involved in flowing fluids past a fluid-pervious bed of chitosan particles that imbues them with this unusual and widely diverse reactive life.
While we have employed chitosan for its dynamic heavy-molecule precipitating action in removing impurities in liquids, as described in our U.S. Pat. No. 3,533,940, the above and hereinafter described reactive properties in fluid-flow filtration systems and the like involve additional fortuitous reactive properties not in any measure predicted from such precipitation studies.
Chitosan is produced from chitin, a natural carbohydrate polymer comprising the principal structural substance in the shells of crustacea such as crabs, shrimps, lobsters, crayfish, etc. It also occurs in insects and in lesser quantities in many other animal and vegetable organisms. Chitin is a linear polymer of 2-deoxy, 2-acetyl-amino glucose analogous to cellulose in chemical structure. It is insoluble in almost all media except strong mineral acids and due to the acetylated amino group is relatively unreactive.
When chitin is deactylated by treatment with strong alkalis, the product is chitosan which contains one free amino group for each glucose building unit in the polymer. It is still a long chain linear polymer but is now a highly reactive cationic poly-electrolyte material. It will form salts with simple organic acids, such as formic, acetic, tartaric, citric, etc. and is soluble in dilute aqueous solutions of such substances. With polymeric or complex anionic materials such as coloring matters, tannins, many aerosol particles and turbidites in aqueous media, chitosan forms polyelectrolyte complexes.
With aldehydes and phenols, condensations have been found to occur rapidly, with the amino groups of chitosan effectively removing such substances from solutions or gaseous mixtures. Since it fortuitously happens that many of the pyrolysis products of tobacco conditioners and paper which occur in cigarette smoke are substances of the above characters, the techniques of the present invention have been found particularly useful for ready reaction with chitosan.
An object of the present invention, accordingly, is to provide a new and improved fluid filtration method and apparatus employing chitosan.
A further object is to provide a novel cigarette and other smoke filter embodying chitosan.
Still a further object is to provide an improved fluid-flow system containing exposed reactive chitosan.
An additional object is to provide novel high ratio surface-to-volume chitosan-coated reactive materials for more general use, as well.
Other and further objects will be explained hereinafter and will be more fully pointed out in the appended claims. In summary, however, from one of its broad aspects, the invention contemplates a method of fluid-flow-filtration, that comprises, passing fluid containing constituents reactive with amino groups through a filtration region or bed, and disposing chitosan throughout the region or bed to provide a high ratio surface-to-volume of exposed reactive amino groups of the chitosan in contact with the fluid flow. Other features and preferred details are hereinafter set forth.
Turning, first, to the important and still troublesome application of the filtration of cigarette and other smoke, the polymeric carbohydrate chitosan is adapted to be spun into fibers, cast into films or applied as a coating to other suitable filter particles or other media. Its high level of free primary amino groups react, as before explained, with aldehydes, phenols, organic acids and negatively charged particles, thus enabling the removal of such substances from smokes and liquid mixtures. When used as a cigarette filter material, it has been found to reduce remarkably the level of tar in the smoke and also to remove irritating gaseous substances.
Cigarette filters employed today generally depend on mechanical impingement and/or physical adsorption to remove aerosol particles (tars) and gaseous pyrolysis products of tobacco, conditioners and paper from the smoke. Such prior filters include cellulose, cellulose acetate and activated carbon granules. While these materials are more or less effective in removal of aerosol particles by impingement, their performance in removal of molecularly dispersed substances such as acrolein, formic and acetic acids, acetaldehyde, carbon monoxide, phenols, etc. generally leave much to be desired.
It has been discovered, on the other hand, that chitosan, properly applied or used, has the physical attributes of a filter medium with a chemical composition capable of effective reacting with such smoke ingredients, yielding superior performance as a cigarette filter.
Those skilled in the art, particularly following a reveiw of the hereinafter described applications or examples of successful use of the invention, will readily appreciate that, as a coating on inert particles, chitosan has, of course, broader applications for purification of both smokes and liquids, as well. Physically, chitosan has properties similar to other long chain linear polymers in that it will form fibers and films and can be applied as coatings to many substrate materials.
There are thus many ways in which a suitable filter material can successfully be fabricated from chitosan. In all of these, however, it is desirable to attain a high ratio of surface-to-volume in order that the greatest number of reactive amino groups will be exposed for rapid reaction with smoke components. This may be accomplished by spinning chitosan fibers of small diameter similar to the cellulose acetate now commonly used in filters or by coating other fibers made from non-reactive materials such as cellulose, cellulose acetate or other synthetic textile fibers. In such ways, the physical behaviour of the filter, i.e. pressure drop, condensate retention, plugging characteristics, etc., can be adjusted as desired for a particular application.
Another property of chitosan useful in fabrication of a smoke filter is that while solution occurs with weak organic acids to yield highly viscous solutions, when fibers, films or coatings are prepared from solutions using volatile acids, such as formic or acetic, these are vaporized on drying, leaving the chitosan in its reactive free amino form. Also, since chitosan is non-toxic and rapidly biodegradable, this assists in overcoming disposal problems.
Ground chitosan flakes were screened retaining particles between 30 and 40 meshes per inch. These were packed between small glass wool plugs in a 10 mm i.d. glass tube which was used as a cigarette holder. The inhaled smoke was very smooth with no throat irritation. A 3 cm. length of packed chitosan was effective for about ten cigarettes. The above test was repeated using a commercial filter cartridge normally packed with silica gel granules. These were removed and replaced with ground chitosan. Results were about the same as with the glass tube.
An automatic smoking machine was constructed following suggestions of J. A. Bradford, W. R. Harlan and H. R. Hannar, Ind. Eng. Chem., 28:836 (1936). It had a 1 minute puff cycle with a puff volume of 40 milliliters and 2 second duration. Cambridge glass fiber filter discs were used to collect aerosol particles (tar). These were dried and the increase in weight determined. Results were as follows:
______________________________________Test No. Cigarette Filter Used Tar (mg)______________________________________1 "Camel" regular None 392 "Camel" regular 163 mg chitosan (granules) 31 40 mg glass3 "Camel" regular None 474 "Camel" regular 220 mg chitosan (granules) 21 85 mg glass wool5 "Camel" regular cellulose acetate 26 Tow from "Marlborough" cigarette 145 mg6 "Camel" regular 160 mg fibrous chitosan 20______________________________________
Chitosan fibers were prepared using a 5 percent solution of chitosan in dilute acetic acid. Fibers were extruded through a cellulose acetate spinneret using compressed nitrogen. They were dehydrated in an acetone bath and then collected and dried to remove solvent and acetic acid, thus freeing the amino groups of the chitosan. The fibers of chitosan were coarse and much larger in average diameter (about 150 microns) than the cellulose acetate tow used for comparison (about 30 microns). Results indicate improved performance for the chitosan fibers but also need for smaller fibers (of the order of several tens of microns in diameter) and greater surface area.
The following example illustrates the more generic character of the invention in chitosan-coating applications.
Small plastic beads about 0.3 mm diameter were coated with a four percent solution of chitosan. The coated beads were dried in an air oven at 90� C and were then packed in a glass tube to form a filter bed. A water suspension of submicron sized clay particles having a turbidity of about 15 Jackson units not readily removable by normal flocculation procedures was passed down over the bed of chitosan coated beads at a flow rate of about 10 ml per square centimeter per minute. Turbidites were concentrated in a band at the top of the column and the effluent was sparkling clear.
The above examples demonstrate filter compositions for the removal of pyrolysis products from gaseous and aerosol mixtures resulting from partial combustion of vegetable material in which chitosan is used as a principal functional ingredient. The use of chitosan alone or in combination with other materials in a filter for improving the quality of cigarette smoke has been shown. The use of chitosan as a coating on inert particles or members in the form of spheres, fibers or other shapes, with the combination comprising a filter or absorption medium for removal of substances from gaseous, aerosol or liquid mixtures has also been demonstrated. Further applications and modifications will readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art, and such are considered to fall within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
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US8062533 * | Jul 31, 2009 | Nov 22, 2011 | Bioventures, Inc. | Devices and methods for the purification, isolation, desalting or buffer/solvent exchange of substances |
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US9233863 | Mar 28, 2012 | Jan 12, 2016 | Molycorp Minerals, Llc | Rare earth removal of hydrated and hydroxyl species |
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US20110033337 * | Jun 11, 2010 | Feb 10, 2011 | Molycorp Minerals, Llc | Apparatus and process for treating an aqueous solution containing biological contaminants |
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EP1839507A4 * | Dec 21, 2005 | Jan 2, 2013 | Daicel Chem | Material for cigarette filer and cigarette filter |
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WO2001070053A1 * | Mar 19, 2001 | Sep 27, 2001 | Centre Of Biological Products And Immunity Tech. Application And Research Dandong | Filter member for cigarette |
WO2005112671A1 | Apr 27, 2005 | Dec 1, 2005 | Brown & Williamson Holdings, Inc. | Selective filtration of cigarette smoke using chitosan derivatives |
WO2006070662A1 | Dec 21, 2005 | Jul 6, 2006 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Material for cigarette filer and cigarette filter |
WO2006082748A1 | Jan 26, 2006 | Aug 10, 2006 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Cigarette filter material and cigarette filter |
U.S. Classification | 210/679, 131/332, 210/502.1, 423/245.1, 55/528 |
International Classification | B01D53/34, A24D3/06 |
Cooperative Classification | B01D53/34, A24D3/06 |
European Classification | A24D3/06, B01D53/34 |
Date | Code | Event | Description |
Jul 10, 1984 | AS | Assignment | Owner name: KYPRO, INC., A CORP OF DE Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:EDWIN LEE JOHNSON, ELIZABETH B. PENISTON, AND RAINIER NATIONAL BANK EXECUTOR TO THE STATE OF QUINTON P. PENISTON DECEASED;REEL/FRAME:004300/0501 |
Jul 25, 1984 | AS | Assignment | Owner name: PROTAN LABORATORIES, INC., A CORP. OF WASH. Free format text: LICENSE;ASSIGNOR:KYPRO, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004284/0256 Effective date: 19840702 |
Aug 20, 1984 | AS | Assignment | Owner name: PENISTON ELIZABETH B. EXECUTOR OF THE ESTATE OF QU Free format text: LETTERS OF TESTAMENTARY;ASSIGNOR:PENISTON, QUINTIN P. DEC D.;REEL/FRAME:004300/0508 Effective date: 19811116 Owner name: RAINIER NATIONAL BANK EXECUTOR OF THE ESTATE OF QU Free format text: LETTERS OF TESTAMENTARY;ASSIGNOR:PENISTON, QUINTIN P. DEC D.;REEL/FRAME:004300/0508 Effective date: 19811116 |


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Homemade Cards With Extra Pizzazz!
While are many ways that you can choose to add rubber stamps to your crafting activities, card making is by far one of the easiest and most rewarding ways to get benefits from the stamps. If you are looking for a way to add sparkle and pizzazz to your card, consider adding a unique touch with a collection of hand stamps. Listed below are just a few of the ways that you can create the perfect card for that special person in your life that deserves it.
What's her favorite design?
A handmade greeting should always boast the recipient's favorite designs. Does she love butterflies, flowers, or animals? Almost any design that you can think of is available to help you create the perfect stamp. You likely already have her favorite designs in your rubber stamp collection.
Color, color and more color
Adding color to the card to make it bright and vibrant. Choose to add a unique touch to your cards by using different colored ink for your stamps. While one color will make a pretty handmade greeting card, multiple colors will draw the eye to your beautiful creation.
Say exactly what you want
Rubber stamps don't just come in many designs; they also come in many different sayings. Saying such as "happy birthday", "happy holidays," and "Merry Christmas" will add a unique touch to the card. These sayings will brighten her day and allow you to express your feelings through the card.
An entire card created with rubber stamps
A truly unique touch to your greeting card for that special someone in your life is to create a card entirely from the stamps. This will take time, but the effort will be worth it when you unveil the beautiful card that you worked so hard to create. An entire card created with rubber stamps is sure to take her breath away and be something that she can keep as memory for a lifetime.
If you are looking for a unique way to spruce up your home made greeting cards, look no further than your own stamp collection. With endless designs available to create a one of a kind card, you will quickly find that stamping is one of the best ways to add a special touch. If you can't find a stamp that is right for you then head online and search for a design tool; a number of leading suppliers offer this and allow you to create designs that are totally bespoke for you. Will you choose to add a unique touch to your cards with rubber stamps?
You can create your own Custom Rubber Stamps when you use this fantastic Stamps Design Tool today.
Source: EzineArticlesArticle Tags:
Rubber Stamps
,Custom Rubber Stamps
,Design Your Own Stamps
,Stamps For Crafts
,Rubber Stamping
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this past week, although under sad circumstances, we were able to head back to our beloved Seattle area for a few days, to be with family and friends, soak up the moss covered sidewalks {do you see that lovely lush greenness?!}, breathe in the fresh rain cleansed air, and appreciate some of our favorite local foods with a few of our favorite people. we dusted off our rain boots, dug out our winter coats and did our best to eat at as much as possible.
and because I feel like these all need a shout out, our food tour went a little something like this :
delfinos stuffed spinach pizza. lots of seattle starbucks, trust me its just different near the mothership. shopped for dinner essentials at the met market - for the best house-made mozzarella, house made crostini, and they also happen to sell rachel's ginger beer - nothing better for a moscow mule. pagliacci pizza. trophy cupcakes. la reve bakery - I can never choose. cupcake royale. molly moons - who first introduced me to a scoop of ice cream over piping hot fresh oatmeal, for breakfast, life changer. Din Tai Fung. and essential baking company - really the best organic mocha I've had to date.
so its a good thing these pants are stretchy.
sweater - Free People, Nordstrom Rack {also here}
jeans - Old Navy {mine in burgundy, all old navy rockstar jeans rock}
rainboots - Hunter, Shopbop
bag - Marc by Marc Jacobs {same different colors}
sunglasses - Anthropologie {great for sale sunglasses, similar}
sunglasses - Anthropologie {great for sale sunglasses, similar}
lips - Nars in Cruella, Sephora
nails - Butter London La Moss, Ulta
earrings - Lucia K. Jewelry Tag
best of all was falling asleep to the pitter patter of falling rain.best,


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Album Notes
The former lead singer of UB40 performs his childhood favorites on Great British Songs, an all-covers album featuring popular selections from the `60s and `70s. "You Wear It Well" and "Carrie Anne" come off as breezy and smooth highlights, but if you want Campbell the soul-influenced crooner who can tug at the heartstrings, check his passionate take on "He Ain't Heavy, He's My Brother." Selections from the U.K.'s holy rock trinity -- the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, and the Who -- are also included. ~ David Jeffries


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recommended by Jen Sper, School Choral Music Specialist Programming music from around the world has so many benefits… read more
March 24thThe French Piano Collection Comprised of 48 pieces composed exclusively by French composers, G. Schirmer's new French… read more
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Title: Angels We Have Heard On High
Voicing/Format: SATB
Publisher: Lawson-Gould
Arranger: Shaw/Parker
Catalog #: LG00718
Description: A Cappella Archive Editio Price: $2.25


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Thursday, August 04, 2011
Thanks, Tea Party
Whoever decided it was a good idea to put zealots in charge of economic policy?
6 comments:
- charlesH said...
Well I too can keep economic growth going strong in my own household if I borrow money to enable spending beyond my income. The problem is that eventually the debt has to be repaid.
Would you have the US end up like Greece? That is where the US economy is headed if we keep borrowing like we have been. - 6:41 PM
- charlesH said...
"S&P decided to lower the AAA rating, held by the United States for 70 years, to AA+ after a bipartisan debt deal signed into law this week failed to assuage concerns about the nation's growing spending."
http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/sandp-considering-first-downgrade-of-us-credit-rating/2011/08/05/gIQAqKeIxI_print.html - 6:36 PM
- charlesH said...
"The bond-rating houses kept saying all along that they weren't worried about the debt ceiling not being increased. Rather, they were worried about the long-term prospects of the U.S. government paying back $15-plus trillion, which is where our national debt (both publicly held and obligated to trust funds) will be shortly.
Because last weekend's deal didn't cut spending deeply enough, S&P has just downgraded us."
http://tinyurl.com/4444v9t - 6:20 AM
- charlesH said...
Frankly, I'm not concerned about the US paying back its debt. I do believe they will inflate the currency to make it easier.
This makes the US different than the Greek situation. Greece is like a state in the EU, no national currency to inflate. - 3:12 PM
- David Appell said...
This is the same S&P who just made a $2 trillion error in their analysis of the US budget. And who gave high ratings to the junky bonds that started all this mess. Clearly they have some problems with basic competence.
- charlesH said...
The problem isn't the rating. The problem is the debt.


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This is the most recent information about Steve Miller Band that has been submitted to amIright. If we have more information about Steve Miller Band, then we provide a link to the section where it appears (the actual page whenever possible).
These are the alternate spellings of the performer's name we've had to correct in submissions to amIright.
The Steve Miller Mand, The Steve Miller Bank, Steve MillerKnown informally as: Maurice. Submitted by: Martha Hankins
Song Name | Comments & Submitter Name |
"Gangster of Love" | Toward the end of the song, the question "Are you Guitar Stevie Miller?" is asked. This song is mentioned in "Space Cowboy" and "The Joker." - Martha Hankins |
Name | New Career | Comments & Submitter Name |
"Boz Scaggs" | "William Royce Scaggs helped found the group in the 1960's. However, by the time Steve had struck gold with the "Fly Like an Eagle" and "Book of Dreams" albums, Boz had his own hits with such songs as "Lido Shuffle" and "Lowdown."" | - Martha Hankins |
Song Name | Comments & Submitter Name |
"The Joker" | "I"m a joker" He never says the joker.YY2 - Rich Connelly |
Original Song Name | New Song Name | Submitter Name |
"Fly Like A Beagle" | "Fly Like An Eagle" | Regina Haniger |
"Avada Kedavra" | "Abracadabra" | Scandia |
"Die Like A Beagle" | "Fly Like An Eagle" | oldsong |
"Abracadaver" | "Abracadabra" | Nic |
Song/Performer | Comment | Submitter Name |
"Space Cowboy," | There are no cowboys or cows in space. | GlamRockNinjaLord |
"Swingtown," | There's no locality called Swingtown. | Open Mike |
"Macho City," | There is no city with that name. | Paul Bear |
"Your Cash Ain't Nothin' But Trash," | Cash has value. | Yvette Bristle |
Song & Band Name | Song & Band Name | |
"That Old Black Magic," Bobby Rydell | "Abracadabra," Steve Miller Band | |
"Cowboy Song," Thin Lizzy | "Space Cowboy," Steve Miller Band | |
"Snow," Bing Crosby | "Wintertime," Steve Miller Band | |
"Batman And Robin," Snoop Dogg | "The Joker," Steve Miller Band | |
There are additional songs titles that answer other songs available. |
Original Song Name | Parody Song Name | Parody Author |
"Abracadabra" | "Grab A Hamburger" | Luis Matias |
"The Joker" | "The BO-TUS" | Callmelennie |
"Fly Like an Eagle" | "Fly Like a Sieg Heil" | Michael Pacholek |
"Fly Like an Eagle" | "Lie to the People" | Robert J. Pagliaro |
"Quicksilver Girl" | "Roxy Girl" | lucilleball1290 |
"Fly Like An Eagle" | "Bald Like An Eagle" | Chris Caillouet |
"Fly Like An Eagle" | "Salvation Army" | Chris Caillouet |
"The Joker" | "Strip Poker" | the_conqueror_of_parodies |
"Fly Like an Eagle" | "Cry Like the Cowboys (Karma Hits The Dallas Cowboys)" | Max Power |
"Rock 'N' Me" | "Feedin' Me" | Jonathan |
There are additional song parodies available. |
Song Name | Product | Submittor |
Abracadabra | Harry Potter movie promos | The Nerd |
Fly Like An Eagle | Philadelphia Eagles NFL team | Mark Silverman |
Fly Like An Eagle | American Airlines | moo |
Take The Money And Run | Bank | Ratticis |
The Joker | Batman: The Animated Series Marathon | Jared |
Song Name | Company/Organization | Submittor |
Your Cash Ain't Nothin' But Trash | Bank | Bob |
Abracadabra | Magician | Larcen Tyler |
Jungle Love | Zoophiliacs anonymous | Scrappleberry |
Take The Money And Run | Bank | FussBudgetVanPelt |
Take The Money And Run | Enron HQ | Syncronos |
First Band/Song Name | Second Band/Song Name | New Song Name | Submittor |
911 Is A Joke Public Enemy | The Joker Steve Miller Band | 911 Is A Joker | Stu L. Pigeon |
Abacab Genesis | Abracadabra Steve Miller Band | Abacabdabra | Rick Rold |
Hot Fun In The Summertime Sly & The Family Stone | Winter Time Steve Miller Band | Hot Fun In The Winter Time But how can you have hot fun in winter? | Angie Neverhart |
Let's Go Fly A Kite Cast of 'Mary Poppins' | Fly Like An Eagle Steve Miller Band | Let's Go Fly A Kite Like An Eagle | Isac |
There are additional duets that haven't been done yet available. |
"Jet Airliner"
Misheard Lyrics: Big ol' Jederalina
Original Lyrics: Big ol' jet airliner
| "Jet Airliner"
Misheard Lyrics: Big ol' chair on a rhino
Original Lyrics: Big ol' jet airliner
"Jet Airliner"
Misheard Lyrics: We go jam in Atlanta
Original Lyrics: Big old jet airliner
| "Fly Like an Eagle"
Misheard Lyrics: Feed the babies
We don't have enough to eat Show the children with no shoes on their feet How's the people livin' in the street? Oh, there's a solution Original Lyrics: Feed the babies
Who don't have enough to eat Shoe the children with no shoes on their feet House the people living in the street Oh, there's a solution |
There are additional misheard lyrics available. |
"Jet Airliner"
Misheard Lyrics: Big ol' Jederalina
Original Lyrics: Big ol' jet airliner
Story about this misheard lyric by: Franklin My entire life I've confidently sung along to this song thinking it was about a woman named "Jederalina," and no one has ever corrected me, because I pronounced the name the same way he says "jet airliner." I finally saw the song title on Pandora, and now I'm wondering if I really know the words to any songs at all. |
There are additional misheard stories available. |
"The Joker"
The Funny Lyrics: Some people call me the space cowboy, yeah
Some call me the gangster of love Some people call me Maurice (whew whoo) Why They're Funny: Maurice? Hehehe That's so random. Plus it does that sound afterwards which makes me laugh.
Submitted by: Lisa L.
The Repetitive Lyrics: We've been workin' so hard.
We've been workin' so hard. Why They're Repetitive: Heck, I don't know! Maybe Steve Miller had nothing else to say so he had to repeat 'We've been workin' so hard.'
Submitted by: Donald Phillips
"Rockin' Me"
The Nonsensical Lyrics: ...Northern California where the girls are warm
Why They're Nonsensical: So are girls cold everywhere else?
Submitted by: mysticrose
| "The Joker"
The Nonsensical Lyrics: 'Cause I speak of the Pompatus of love
Why They're Nonsensical: Ever since I first heard this song I always wondered what a Pompatus was, and hence this line made no sense to me. Turns out, it's a neologism originating from "The Letter", a 1954 song by The Medallions. The lines "Oh my darling, let me whisper / sweet words of pizmotality / and discuss the puppetutes of love," which contain this reference, were apparently a description of that songwriter's dream woman. And when Steve Miller wrote "The Joker", he made reference to this, like he often does with most of his songwriting, to demonstrate R&B influences.
Submitted by: Ed
There are additional nonsensical lyrics available. |
"Take The Money and Run"
The Misrhymed Lyrics: Billy Mack is a detective dowin in Texas
, You know that he knows just exactly what the fact is, He ain't gonna let those two escape justice, He makes his living off the people's taxes. Why They're Misrhymed: Let's see; Texas...facts is....justice...taxes. I still love Steve Miller. I'm sure this the whole song (rhymes and all) are toungue in cheek. Personally I think it's a great verse.
Submitted by: John
| "Take The Money And Run"
The Misrhymed Lyrics: They headed down to New Old El Paso
That's where they ran into a great big hassle Billy Mac is a detective down in Texas And he knows just exactly what the facts is Why They're Misrhymed: Ok, El Paso and hassle is at least an honest attempt (albeit a failed attempt), but 'Texas' and 'What the facts is'? WHAT THE FACTS IS? Come on Steve, at least try!
Submitted by: Disco 3:!6
There are additional misrhymed lyrics available. |
"Jet Airliner"
The Inappropriate Lyrics: Big old jet airliner
Don't carry me too far away Big old jet airliner 'cause it's here that I got to stay Why They're Inappropriate: Uhh... Steve... if that's the case, shouldn't you be home instead of on an airliner? This guy's lyrics are generally pretty lame, but this is just 'plane' idiotic.
Submitted by: Kieran from Nevada
| "The Joker"
The Inappropriate Lyrics: Really love your peaches, want to shake your tree
Why They're Inappropriate: Is this supposed to be a metaphor referring to a womans breast, either complementing for the size or just wanting to motorboat them?
Submitted by: Lori
There are additional inappropriate lyrics available. |
"Mercury Blues"
The Dated Lyrics: Had my money
I tell you what I'd do I would go downtown Buy a Mercury or two Why They're Dated: Mercury ceased to exist in 2011, so if he wants a Mercury now, it'll have to be a used one.
Submitted by: David Jones
| "Jet Airliner"
The Dated Lyrics: But my heart keeps calling me backwards
As I get on the 707 Why They're Dated: Today, Steve would probably be boarding a 767 or 777.
Submitted by: Glenn
There are additional dated lyrics available. |
"The Joker"
The Dirty Lyrics: Really love your peaches
want to shake your tree Why They're Dirty: I think everyone picked up on this one right away. Of course 'peaches' is a euphamism for parts of female anatomy. And we know what tree he wants to shake!
Submitted by: Dar
"The Joker"
The Song Lyrics: Some people call me the Space Cowboy
Some call me the Gangster Of Love Song They Mention: Space Cowboy; Gangster Of Love. Those are two little-known songs of his.
Submitted by: Mark Richardson
"The Joker"
The Made Up Words: Pompatus
Comments: Used in the lines "Some people call me Maurice, / Cause I speak of the Pompatus of love".
Submitted by: ChuckyG
"Mercury Blues"
The Lyrics: You know that gal I love I stole her from a friend
Fool got lucky stole her back again Because she knowed he had a Mercury Why: I can't imagine Steve thinking the past tense of 'know' is 'knowed'!
Submitted by: Mark M
| "Take the Money and Run"
The Lyrics: Billy Mack is a detective down in Texas You know he knows just exactly what the facts is
Why: "Facts is" replaces the correct "facts are" to force a semblance of a rhyme.
Submitted by: Martha Hankins
There are additional Bad Grammar in Song Lyrics available. |
"Going to Mexico"
The Lyrics: You're much too slow,
I'm goin' to Mexico Why: Mexico - country in Central America
Submitted by: Adrian Smith
| "Rock'n' Me"
The Lyrics: I went from Phoenix, Arizona
All the way to Tacoma Philadelphia, Atlanta, LA Why: Phoenix, Arizona; Tacoma, Washington; Philadelphia; Atlanta; Los Angeles
Submitted by: crazydon
There are additional Real Places Mentioned in Songs available. |


text:
So around 5 minutes ago I was doing WvWvW, Big fight happening, haveing the time of my life, we're taking a supply camp. On the hill beside us stands 7-10 elementalist/ranged. We cannot hit them, they are only Invulnerable, apparently they can go over a hill from their spawn and still get their spawn invulnerability, but free to kill us at a supply camp. This is at the Greenvale Refuge in the most Northern Borderlands, this works for the ones that spawn the the South Western side.
Glitching/exploiting invulnerabilitySource
ArenaNet Poster
Hi everybody.
We are encouraging the players that see episodes of hacking/exploiting to send a report to the following email address, [email protected], where the issue will be looked into by the security team.
Thank you very much.


text:
As fans get set for Pitbull's performance in Noida on Friday, the American rapper has made sure nothing's lacking on the big day. Not even his private kitchen at the concert venue and two guard dogs for security.
Forklifts and stealth LED screens have been flown in especially for the concert and his team is doing sound checks and recces of the venue. "The rapper has asked for as less barricading as possible, so he can interact with his fans. He may don the colours of the Indian flag for one of his concerts," says a source.
After Noida, the 30-year-old will perform in Mumbai on December 3 at the JVPD Grounds, where he will pick an Indian girl from the crowd to feature in his next music video. The rapper is travelling to the country with an entourage of 15 people. "A private kitchen is being set up both at the concert venue and the hotels where he will stay, and his personal chef will dish out his favourite delicacies," adds the source.


text:
(Photo Courtesy: www.wallis.co.uk)
Related Articles
In its year-end 2015 financial report, Adcock expressed concerns over the underperformance of Cosme.
"As time has evolved, management has recognized the difficulties of operating an enterprise in such a competitive pharmaceutical market (India), which, in relative terms is sub scale, requiring inter alia, and significant further investment.
"In 2014 financial year, given the losses incurred, after the obligatory internal intangible asset amortization, the Cosme Pharma investment was impaired by an amount of R278 million," Adcock revealed.
The trading loss of R56.8 million, incurred in the current financial year, dictated that a further impairment of R74.4 million would be appropriate, it said.
The Group's Cosme Pharma was acquired in early 2013 for Rs 480 crore.
Editor's pick
Survey Box


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Recent News
- Mihaylo Junior Laila Dadabhoy Elected CSUF ASI Student Body President
- Mihaylo Student Lands an Accounting Internship with the City of Long Beach
- Celebrate Your New Job or Internship with the Mihaylo Star Campaign
- Harpreet Bath '15: From ASI President to Amazon Campus Site Manager
- Mihaylo Club Seeks to Connect Students with Careers and Celebrate Campus Diversity
Tag Archives: Executive Council Mentoring Program
Get an Inside Look at Your Future Career through the Executive Council Mentoring Program
Mihaylo's Executive Council gives students the opportunity to connect with professionals in the college's network to train the next generation of leaders. The program is currently accepting student applications for spring 2017. Apply online. Imagine having direct access to a … Continue reading


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You are asking for a complete web solution (Web image gallery). This solution can not be shown/explained in two words.
But you may order it :roll:
image gallery help!!!!
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Description: Me&My Big Ideas Scrapbook Kit is a great size for making gifts and scrapbook albums. The coordinated contents take away all the hard work and leave you with time to fill them with love and memories! 8"x 8" Brand New- 6 printed papers, 19 stickers and 11 dimensional stickers. Designs includes woodgrain, chevrons, stars, moons, script, clouds, rain, alphabet letters in different fonts, a sheep, hearts, captions of "Our Little Bundle", "Precious", "Heaven Sent", and more. Colors are Blue, Mint Green, Yellow, Red, Grey, Brown, and White. There are epoxy, glitter, and rhinestone accents.
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Need a small compact talking clock that fits easily on your already cluttered nightstand? At the press of the button, our new talking alarm clock speaks the time and date with a clear, distinctive English man's voice. This big white button is housed in a compact black base that sits flat and secure on four low-profile, non-slip feet. The black, white-encircled Mode Button on the bottom of the unit allows you to access the voice-announced Settings Menu to set hour; minute; year; month; day; alarm hour;alarm minute; and to activate the alarm. Its Ultra-portable design (3 1/2" Diameter x 1 1/4" High) makes it perfect to carry in a suitcase or tote.. Clock requires 2 AAA batteries (not included).
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Introducing the Rainbow II Color Reader, a talking coloridentifier for the visually impaired and color blind. Small,accurate and easy to use, the Rainbow Color Reader can easily fit in a pocket. With over 40 colors, it provides accurate colordiscrimination without confusing the user with odd color names or vague descriptions of the color. Only one button and only a single AAA battery (included) means simple operation and maintenance! Additional features include: compact size (1.6" widex 2.6" long x .6" deep), convenient KeyChain on a multi-colored ribbonand 4 volume levels.
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This handy radio can easily be taken on the go. Perfect for camping trips, while hiking, out on the beach, or anywhere when you don't have access to a power outlet! Just use the hand crank on the back of this radio to give it power! One minute of cranking will provide 30 minutes of radio time. If you are out on a sunny day, you can alternatively use the solar panel on the top of the radio to generate power. The radio will last 30 minutes from 5 hours of sunlight. This radio utilizes a 200 mah/2.4 V Ni-MH battery. To power on, turn the on/off/volume dial. Change frequencies by switching the AM/FM/WB switch. Turn the tuning dial to change stations. Radio measures 3" x 3" x 2".
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Enjoy all of your DVD movies anywhere on the built-in 7" LCD screen! Relax with this portable device anywhere on the go! Features include: stream music wireless with Bluetooth, play CDs, MP3s, or AM/FM radio broadcasts, or play digital media from USB memory sticks or SD/SDHC memory cards, twin speakers with powerful full-range drivers, composite A/V output, headphone jack, 3.5mm AUX and microphone input, uses AC or DC power cord (included) or 8 "C" batteries (not included) and a convenient remote control. Unit measures 16 x 6 x 8 inches.
Catalog code MX6DVD price $129.95
The JAM Transit delivers headphone sound without the headphone bulk. Lightweight and super comfortable, they're the perfect on-ear headphones for light to moderate activity. Our bluetooth wireless headphones feature Bluetooth wireless functionality and works up to 30 feet, with speakerphone mode to switch from music to calls. It connects easily to your Apple iPhone, iPad, Google Android, or other Bluetooth enabled smart phone or electronics. Its precision drivers give you superior bass and a big sound, without the hassle of cords. You can Charge for 3 hours to provide up to 11 hours of play time. Headphones measure 3 1/2 x 3 1/4 x 6 1/2 inches.
Catalog code JT420 price $49.95 Was $59.95 .... now $49.95
Our new Slim Personal MP3/CD Player with FM Radio features 120-second anti-shock memory for MP3s and 60-second anti-shock memory for CDs. With its MP3, CD-R & CD-RW compatibility, this personal music player will allow you to listen to your favorite music, no matter where you go! Features include: FM scan radio, programmable track memory, LCD display, aux output, MP3: 120-sec anti-shock memory system, CD: 60-sec anti-shock memory system, stereo headphones (included) and 2-way power: battery or AC adapter input. Player measures 5 1/2" x 1" and requires 2 AA batteries (not included).
Catalog code MP330 price $39.95
Take your audio experience up a notch with the Bluetooth In-Ear Earbuds with Microphone. Listen to your music wirelessly without compromise using bluetooth technology. These earbuds feature an ear-hook design keeping the earbuds secure in the ear. Also, on-ear controls with a built-in microphone makes it easy for you to switch between music and calls. Battery lasts up to 6 hours before recharging. Wireless range is up to 33 feet. Earbuds come with 3 different-sized ear tips, USB charging cable and carrying pouch.
Catalog code ILIV26 price $24.95
The features Smart Sensor technology that reacts when you put the headset on, letting you quickly take a call without a click. If you're already wearing it, Voyager Legend announces who's calling and waits for you to say "answer" or "ignore." The Voyager Legend also locks the call-answer button when it is not worn to eliminate accidental calling, and also features enhanced voice alerts that announce remaining talk time, connection status, battery-level, and mute. Its precision-tuned triple microphones separate your speech background noise while enhanced Windsmart technology provides three layers of wind protection for clear calls regardless of your environment. Additional features include: Magnetic snap-fit connection that makes charging quick and easy, moisture protection with nano-coating resulting in invisible liquid repellent properties making the headset more reliable, talk time up to 7 hours, standby time up to 11 days and 1 year limited warranty.
Catalog code PL873 price $79.95
Our new AM/FM Pocket Radio is portable and convenient. Take it to the beach, the ball game or anywhere else you want to listen to your favorite AM or FM broadcast. Enjoy clear, static-free audio from the built-in speaker on this compact and durable device. It comes with a snap-in belt clip, telescopic antenna and headphone output. It operates on 2 AA batteries (not included). Finally, an affordable easy way to listen to music on the go! Unit measures 4 x 2 1/2 x 3/4 inches.
Catalog code JNRADIO price $12.95
The new Olympus DM-720 audio recorder features a three-microphone TRESMIC system designed to ensure high-quality recordings of low-frequency sounds in any business situation. The recorder is designed with the latest audio advancements to effortlessly capture, playback and save important audio in a compact, metal body that fits easily into your pocket. The DM-720's TRESMIC microphone system incorporates one omni-directional and two directional microphones to faithfully capture fuller, wider stereo sound. Designed to improve the transcription process, users are able to incorporate the Voice Playback function, which automatically skips areas of a recording that are without voices and playback only those segments where a speaker is present. The DM-720also includes functions such as Voice Balancer that automatically modulates the volume of voices and Noise Cancel that eliminates background noise so you can clearly understand every word while creating minutes from meeting recordings or interview notes. Transcription mode adds additional efficiency to playback by automatically resuming play three seconds prior to where the user stopped the recording so they can check the content before proceeding. On the other hand, fast forward will be preset to3.5x so they can conveniently skip the silence. Its talking menu ensures user-friendly access to all of its functions. With more than 4 GB (1000 hours of recording time), you'll be able to easily capture notes, lectures, and much more without running out of memory. You can extend that with optional removable micro SD cards to up to 16GB. It plays and records PCM (WAV), MP3 and WMA formats. You can also charge the 2 AAA lithium-ion rechargeable batteries, which are included, through the USB connection. In the package is one unit, carrying clip, battery and instruction booklet. Unit measures 4" x 1 1/2" x 1/2".
Catalog code OLDM720 price $149.95
bobble heads
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TV and movies
wall clocks


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Discounted Rates for SEAOI Events:
- Continuing Education Courses offered throughout the year. Our full- and half-day classes are highly rated by attendees and are among the most economical you will find. Most are also available via the Web.
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- SE Exam Review Course offered by SEAOI is highly acclaimed and has helped attendees succeed on the SE Exam. This extensive course has been expanded for 2014-2015 and is available via the Web.
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Public Outreach and Volunteering Opportunities are available to members through our participation in various programs like E-Week, Future City Competition, Science Fairs, CANstruction and Engineering Career Days. These avenues are wonderful sources for disseminating into the public the important work that the Structural Engineer does.
SEAOI's monthly Bulletin, featuring news about the practice of engineering, technical discussions, Continuing Education courses, job opportunities, and other information.
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The Young Engineers Committee offers activities for SEs newer to the profession, including panel discussions, social events, visits to construction projects, and volunteer and mentor opportunities.
Attendance at SEF (Structural Engineers Foundation) Spring and Fall Lectures. These lectures feature nationally recognized experts in the Structural Engineering field.
Access to the SEAOI Library, a collection of materials that includes historical references and first editions of significant publications.
Networking Opportunities at our events. These opportunities can lead to job advancement and career moves. Connect with SEs from all over the state at SEAOI events; develop leads and business potential!
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Access to the SEAOI Member Directory of 800+ members, and a Reference List with easy-to-find information on Affiliated and Trade organizations.
For members of our Central Illinois Chapter, special dues structure and voluntary Chapter contribution.


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The Babylonians were the first to record the existence of Mars in approximately 400BC, calling it Nergal. Nergal was the underworld personification of the sun God Utu and the God of the netherworld, bringing war, pestilence, fever and devastation. The Egyptians came to understand that the shifting positions of the planets set them aside from the fixed stars, but were not that inspired by the discovery and simply called Mars Har Decher - the Red One. The Romans were a lot more imaginative and like the Babylonians imbued the planet with the nature of violence and death. To the Romans, the planet was Aries or Mars, the God of war. He was generally portrayed in full battle attire with a crested helmet and shield. We get our name for the month of March (Martius) from the Romans.
The modern age of observation of Mars began in the 1500's, when the Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe (1546 - 1601) made some excellent observations of the planet, sufficiently accurate that his student Johannes Kepler (1571 - 1630) was able in 1609 to prove that the orbit of Mars was elliptical rather than the classical assumption of a circular orbit. Brahe was an odd character to say the least, and after losing a portion of his nose in a dual had it replaced by prosthetic one made of gold and silver.
Galileo Galilei (1564 - 1642) was also studying Mars in 1609, the first time it has been seen through a telescope. This ushered in a new age of detailed observation. Christiaan Huygens (1629 - 1695) drew the first map of Mars (see left) in 1659 and calculated the duration of the Martian day at 24 hours, a figure refined a few years later (in 1666) by Giovanni Cassini (1625 - 1712) to a more accurate 24 hours and 40 minutes.
In 1698, Huygens was the first to speculate about the existence of life on Mars in a posthumously published speculative treatise called Cosmotheros. This radical idea was to be of lasting impact, and was popularised even more by Sir William Herschel (1738 - 1822), the discover of Uranus, who having observed the passage of two stars behind mars, saw they were not dimmed by the appreciable haze of an atmosphere and so concluded that the atmosphere of Mars was thin in nature. He went on to speculate that the Martian inhabitants "probably enjoy a situation similar to our own." He also mistakenly interpreted the dark areas on Mars as seas and light areas as land, but he was of course working within the limits of science at the time and as such, these speculations were perfectly reasonable.
Many other astronomers would continue to postulate the existence of life on the planet. Emmanuel Liais proposed in 1860 that the dark regions were vegetation and Camille Flammarion suggested much the same in 1873, though he attributed the red colour of Mars itself to vegetation. It was during this period that the idea that Mars might be criss-crossed with canals came to prominence. Angelo Secchi (1818-1878) observed Mars in 1858 and describes features he called "canali", but this actually translates as channels and not canals. The idea of canals stuck, and, this error was to be compounded by Giovanni Virginio Schiaparelli (1835-1910), who also used the phrase canali in his 1877 observations. The Suez Canal has been completed in 1869 and so the public were fired up to appreciate the engineering splendour that a Martian canal system implied, but more than any other person, it was to be the astronomer Percival Lowell (1855-1916) who would do most to advance the cause of the canals and life on Mars.
Lowell began his observations at Flagstaff, Arizona in 1894 and the following year published the first of three sensational books in which he argued that the so called canals represented the work of a Martian civilisation and were in fact a vast irrigation system. In his first book, he wrote, "...that the lines form a system; that, instead of running anywhither, they join certain points to certain others, making thus, not a simple network, but one whose meshes connect centres directly with one another,--is striking at first sight, and loses none of its peculiarity on second thought. For the intrinsic improbability of such a state of things arising from purely natural causes becomes evident on a moment's consideration." Of course it was just a few years later in 1897 that H G Wells would publish his War of the Worlds, in which a race of Martians are losing the fight to irrigate their dying world.
Part 2 >
Mass (kg) 6.421e+23 Mass (Earth = 1) 1.0745e-01 Equatorial radius (km) 3,397.2 Equatorial radius (Earth = 1) 5.3264e-01 Mean density (gm/cm^3) 3.94 Mean distance from the Sun (km) 227,940,000 Mean distance from the Sun (Earth = 1) 1.5237 Rotational period (hours) 24.6229 Rotational period (days) 1.025957 Orbital period (days) 686.98 Mean orbital velocity (km/sec) 24.13 Orbital eccentricity 0.0934 Tilt of axis (degrees) 25.19 Orbital inclination (degrees) 1.850 Equatorial surface gravity (m/sec^2) 3.72 Equatorial escape velocity (km/sec) 5.02 Visual geometric albedo 0.15 Magnitude (Vo) -2.01 Minimum surface temperature -140°C Mean surface temperature -63°C Maximum surface temperature 20°C Atmospheric pressure (bars) 0.007 Atmospheric Composition Carbon Dioxide (CO2): 95.32% Nitrogen (N2): 2.7% Argon (Ar): 1.6% Oxygen (O2): 0.13% Water (H2O): 0.03% Neon (Ne): 0.00025%
Data from the Solarviews website. For much more detailed data about Mars, visit this excellent site.
If you found this website interesting and useful, please consider supporting it by making a purchase from Amazon. You don't have to do it now, but if you bookmark this page, then shop with Amazon below, I'll receive a small commission on each sale.
Dying Planet by Robert Markley. A detailed and in-depth exploration of the planet Mars in both fact and fiction, and how the two have become intertwined.
Mapping Mars by Oliver Morton. Telling the history of attempts to map the surface of Mars. The book includes detail on fictional Mars.
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2014 Eneco Tour: Stage 4: Bike Cam Pictures and commentary by David Millar
Submitted by admin2 on Thu, 08/14/2014 - 18:45
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The Beerbelly
$29.99 $34.95
The Beerbelly brings Freedom to the Beverage! Now you can drink WHAT you want, WHEN you want, WHERE you want, with no hassles and for less money! What more could you ask for? Now you can drink your favorite beverage at the movies, the ballgame, on the train, anywhere, YOU DECIDE!


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A knowledge of the water content of lubricating oils, additives, and similar products is important in the manufacturing, purchase, sale, or transfer of such petroleum products to help in predicting their quality and performance characteristics.
For lubricating oils, the presence of moisture could lead to premature corrosion and wear, an increase in the debris load resulting in diminished lubrication and premature plugging of filters, an impedance in the effect of additives, and undesirable support of deleterious bacterial growth.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the direct determination of water in the range of 10 to 25 000 mg/kg entrained water in petroleum products and hydrocarbons using automated instrumentation. This test method also covers the indirect analysis of water thermally removed from samples and swept with dry inert gas into the Karl Fischer titration cell. Mercaptan, sulfide (S− or H2S), sulfur, and other compounds are known to interfere with this test method (see Section 5).
1.2 This test method is intended for use with commercially available coulometric Karl Fischer reagents and for the determination of water in additives, lube oils, base oils, automatic transmission fluids, hydrocarbon solvents, and other petroleum products. By proper choice of the sample size, this test method may be used for the determination of water from mg/kg to percent level concentrations.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately)
ASTM Standards
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
E203 Test Method for Water Using Volumetric Karl Fischer Titration
Index Terms
coulometric titration; Karl Fischer titration; water: Additives--petroleum products; Karl Fischer coulometric titrator; Lubricating oils; Petroleum products; Water analysis--petroleum products testing;
ICS Code
ICS Number Code 71.040.50 (Physicochemical methods of analysis); 75.080 (Petroleum products in general); 75.100 (Lubricants, industrial oils and related products)
ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.
ASTM D6304 - 07e1 standard test method for determination of water in petroleum products, lubricating oils, and additives by coulometric karl fischer titration
Customer comments
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1999 Ford Expedition Ignition Coil
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Ignition Coil Reviews - 1999 Ford Expedition
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Geeat product so far easy to install it fix the Obd codes instantly. I shipped fast i ordered 2. Thanks for for the great service
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The product was recieved with everything that was needed supplied. It was packaged with very good care, Both coils were installed and work as good as the old ones
April 27th, 2015 | Posted by Ignition coil


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Farm Shops & Veg Boxes (125)
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Search results in category Farm Shops & Veg Boxes
Leicestershire Food Links
Find details of local farmers markets (in Projects section).
Details of London Farmers' Markets across the capital.
phone: view phone020 7833 0338
website: www.lfm.org.uk
e-mail: send an e-mail
100% home grown organic vegetables - farmers markets & box schemes in Crediton.
phone: view phone01392 851403
website: www.linscombe.co.uk
e-mail: send an e-mail
Organic farm offering fruit, veg, chicken and dairy products via home delivery & Farmers' Markets.
phone: view phone01609 748177
website: www.theorganicfarm.co.uk
e-mail: send an e-mail
Organic food and green products store delivering fresh food free of charge.
Home of Bristol's local producer & grower run weekly fruit & vegetable box scheme.
phone: view phone01275 375 756
website: www.purtonhouseorganics.co.uk
e-mail: send an e-mail
Organic & locally grown vegetables, fruit & produce delivered to 'IP' postcodes.


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"We've got hundreds of friend requests lined up, but I wanna relish this. Rush is definitely one of our biggest influences, probably more than Goblin even."
Steve Moore
"A One line recipe for great marriage "Get a woman who keeps change constant. Follow the change and hence follow the woman. You'll have a great marriage.""
Apurva Gaglani
"A joke, even if it be a lame one, is nowhere so keenly relished or quickly applauded as in a murder trial."
Mark Twain
"One can relish the varied idiocy of human action during a panic to the full, for, while it is a time of great tragedy, nothing is being lost but money"
John Kenneth Galbraith
"Think big thoughts but relish small pleasures."
H. Jackson Brown Jr.
"I was never unusually squeamish; I could sometimes eat a fried rat with a good relish, if it was necessary"
Henry David Thoreau
"I am giddy, expectation whirls me round.The imaginary relish is so sweetThat it enchants my sense."
William Shakespeare


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Tiergrade In-Ear Bluetooth Headphones for $19.99 [Shipped via Prime]Michael McCarty Thursday, 16-Feb-2017 9:48 PM ET |
Tiergrade via Amazon offers Prime members its Tiergrade Wireless Magnet Attraction In-Ear Bluetooth Headphones for $29.99. Coupon code "8BLD3MVN" drops it to $19.99. Plus, Prime members bag free shipping. (Non-members can spend $49 or more to qualify for free shipping; otherwise, shipping costs $6.) That's $20 off list and the lowest total price we could find. They feature HD voice technology, up to five hours of use on a single charge, and are compatible with iOS or Android devices. Source: Go to sourceCategory: Accessories No one has commented on this post. You must be logged in to post comments. Or Forgot username or password? Member of the BlindBargains.com team. Love to find deals of all kinds and sharing them with you! I\'m a big Star Trek fan and run an internet radio station with my wife called TheRadioStorm.com. |
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13 tips about - Preparing for Hajj
1. Shop around for the best package
Different agents offer varying packages, be sure to enquire about price, hotels - including quality of the hotel as well as distance from Masjid al Haraam.
2. Study about the Ahkaam of Hajj
Try to read and attend classes about how to perform Hajj correctly and the various ahkaam about Hajj and Ihram
3. Check your passport
Check that your passport is valid and is not about to expire.
4. Book early and check dates
Be sure to book your tickets early and check what dates you are leaving and coming back to give you time to prepare properly
5. Check your visa is correct
Make sure all your documents are in order to avoid disappointment.
6. Make photocopies of your documents
Keep copies of all documents, just in case.
7. Complete all shopping
Buy everything you need for your journey and start packing.
8. Inform friends and family
Inform friends and family and make sure provisions have been made for your family during your absence.
9. Consult a doctor
Ask a doctor about any advice or concerns they might have. If necessary you may need to take some medication with you.
10. Ask forgiveness from friends and family
Ask forgiveness from friends and family for any hurt you may have caused
11. Pay back debts
Pay back any debts you may have to individuals, especially to those who are needy for it or that are seeking repayment.
12. Write a will
Write a will and appoint an executor for it. Remember to make two witnesses sign and keep copies.
13. Cut and trim nails and hair
Before you enter Ihraam, be sure to shave pubic hairs, remove armpit hairs, clip nails and trim your hair where necessary.
Keeping track of your progress on large tasks like this can be difficult. Complete these one at a time and create your own checklist for FREE using Happy Books To Do Lists, record your progress and manage your tasks using our interactive tool. Start now.


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We came twice - sat on pavement side table each time. Seems to be family run - great location. Excellent service and amazing pizza and other simple dishes. Really good.
Does this restaurant have a TV?
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Thanks for helping!
Share another experience before you go.We came twice - sat on pavement side table each time. Seems to be family run - great location. Excellent service and amazing pizza and other simple dishes. Really good.
Quick evening meal here, during a thunderstorm so had to sit inside, would have been nicer to be outside. Staff friendly and quick, food of a good standard, would have probably went back again but ran out of time in Tossa.
Wood fired oven baked pizzas freshly made and served by friendly staff. Good wines and drinks selection.
Chose this establishment on the strength of the numberof tables taken We weren't disappointed the Pizzas were excellent while the pasta carbonara was spot on .Great service and food at reasonable priced.
Found this place up a little side street it was absolutely gorgeous we even came back twice ! Proper wood fire pizza oven which make for amazing pizzas I also had the sea food pasta which was very tasty The staff are so friendly and it is so relaxed proper nice little Italian the house wine was really nice which... More
Would not recommend anyone to go there. Had a date and planned on everything to be perfect:ordered famous wine. At first, the service was good, even though, it was unpleasant that in the middle of the diner they approached us twice to ask if we were done. They wanted simply to sit other waiting customers. Strangely, at the end we... More
Authentic fire cooked pizzas, excellent. Service good and friendly highly recommend definitely return :)
I was lucky to get a table at this little restaurant last week. It's a small but friendly place & the lady running it is charming. I had the most delicious bowl of Pasta Carbonara & it was just cooked to perfection. Lovely house wine & all very reasonably priced. Try it, you won't be disappointed. It's located up a... More
We noticed this restaurant on Tripadvisor and decided to visit during our holiday. What a find! Helpful staff and great food! tip....inside was cooler than outside! On our first visit we both had pizza, which was by far the best I have had in ages! On our second visit I opted for the pasta arriabiata which unfortunately was much hotter... More
They have a little terrace which is lovely to sit on. The pizzas are good value and very tasty. They have a wood burning oven and the pizzas are authentic and generous. Lots of international customers. Menus in various languages. Recommendable. The staff are friendly if a little slow but we weren't in a rush.
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We're proud to be recognized as one of the leading design firms in the world.
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We've been honored with more than 500 design awards in the last 15 years. Here's a look at some of our awards from the last five.