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TDD Workshop - Recommended books
Earlier this week I blogged about the TDD Workshop that Justin Gordon is running tomorrow (July 25) in Chicago: link . I have a recommended book list to go with this session: xUnit Test Patterns: Refactoring Test Code (The Addison-Wesley Signature Series) by Gerard Meszaros Automated testing is a cornerstone of agile development. An effective testing strategy will deliver new functionality more aggressively, accelerate user feedback, and improve quality. However, for many developers, creating effective automated tests is a unique and unfamiliar... [More]
Tags:  books |
NEW IDS Retail Book - pre-order now
Carlton Doe 's long awaited IDS book is near completion. It is so near completion that you can find it listed on amazon.com now... with a hefty pre-order discount: Administering Informix Dynamic Server: Building the Foundation List Price: $59.95Price: $37.77 & this item ships for FREE with Super Saver Shipping. You Save: $22.18 (37%) Carlton's previous published books, Informix Dynamic Server Handbook and Administering Informix Dynamic Server on Windows NT are 11 and 9 years old, respectively. Except for the two "flashbooks"... [More]
Tags:  ids informix books |
Cognos 8 Business Intelligence: The Official Guide
Just published: Cognos 8 Business Intelligence: The Official Guide by Dan Volitich . This is the only authorized guide to IBM Cognos 8 Business Intelligence. Develop, deploy, and maintain a complete BI solution across your enterprise. IBM Cognos 8 Business Intelligence: The Official Guide shows you how to take full advantage of the robust service-oriented architecture and simplified role-based user interfaces. Learn how to create, share, and analyze data-rich reports that lead to increased productivity and better business decisions. Featuring... [More]
Tags:  cognos books |
Learning SQL
A new ILO course has just been added. This one is an SQL workshop that is spread over 4 half-days in two weeks. ILO courses are the IBM courses that you take without traveling by joining a remote instructor via your computer. Here are some details: SQL Workshop - Multi Week Instructor Led Online On completion of this course, you should be able to: * Code SQL statements to retrieve data from a DB2 or Informix table, including the SELECT, FROM, WHERE, GROUP BY, HAVING and ORDER BY clauses* Code inner joins and non-correlated subqueries* Use SQL... [More]
Tags:  introductory readfirst sql books |
Finding DB2 Links
I use google to find links to just about anything I'm interested in. I'm not always successful in finding what I am looking for, but I'm sure it is just because of my bad search arguments. Mark Wilding , a member of the Toronto Lab Development team, was looking for DB2 sites and was frustrated at not being able to find what he wanted to. So, always a problem solver... Mark created the following site: db2bookmarks.com Forever growing, this site should be one of the first places to go if you are looking for specific DB2 information. Just a... [More]
Tags:  links books |
IDUG Survey Results
You may have taken part in this survey of IDUG members on the topic of evolving roles and eduction / training needs. I can't say that the results are unexpected, but I can say that it is very helpful to see the analysis and results as they are discussed in the final survey report, "Data Professionals Broaden Their Skills," . The document is currently posted on IDUG's Web site and can be downloaded free-of-charge. IDUG partnered with Unisphere Media to conduct the survey of IDUG members on this important topic. Sponsored by CA, the survey... [More]
Tags:  idug skills books |
Buying books .... from anywhere in the world!
One of the things that I'm trying to find out this year is where do people normally buy their books... and why. It seems that most people go to amazon.com. I go to amazon.com, but only to see the prices, selection, and reader comments. I typically buy at one of the local online bookstores such as amazon.ca or chapters.indigo.ca. During my travels in the past month, I've found out that many people in Europe choose to buy directly from amazon.com rather than their local sites. Why? I think primarily because of the very favourable currency... [More]
Tags:  books canada europe buying |
RACF Security
Here is another IBM commercial. This one is called "The Grail" and is about security. Have you seen this IBM Press book that published earlier this year? It's about security as well.... Mainframe Basics for Security Professionals: Getting Started with RACF Leverage Your Security Expertise in IBM® System z™ Mainframe Environments For over 40 years, the IBM mainframe has been the backbone of the world's largest enterprises. If you're coming to the IBM System z mainframe platform from UNIX®, Linux®, or Windows®, you need practical guidance on... [More]
Tags:  books security |
Killer Apps: Connect everything to everything...
Another commercial for you to view: Killer App . This one was from last year.... and the closing remark: "I don't know how to do that." I think MDM is "how you can do that" and is the answer to connecting everything to everything... the power is amazing. Learn how: preorder Enterprise MDM - An SOA Approach to Managing Core Information . This is valuable reading for everyone who wants to understand MDM. - - - Product Description: The Only Complete Technical Primer for Every MDM Planner and Implementer Companies moving toward flexible SOA... [More]
Tags:  mdm books |
Pre-order now! Advanced DBA Cert Guide
The book DB2 9 for Linux, UNIX, and Windows Advanced Database Administration Certification: Certification Study Guide by Roger Sanders and Dwaine Snow is going through its final tech review right now.... and the reviewers are loving the book! Order your copy now... amazon.com is offering a 37% discount for pre-orders. This new book is essentially an update to the very successful book that was published to support DB2 V8: Advanced DBA Certification Guide and Reference for DB2(R) Universal Database v8 for Linux, UNIX, and Windows by Dwaine Snow... [More]
Tags:  books dba |
Security Blueprint
It seems to me that every newsletter I get these days has at least one article about security / data protection. Here are a few of the headlines that I've noticed: * Don't Tolerate Liberal Data Permissions* What Is All This Integrity Business?* How to get employees passionate about disaster recovery * Backups: Understanding How Performance Matters* Top 10 Security Trends for 2008* Learn Best Practices for Database Auditing and more... Yesterday I was sent this information regarding data security problems that I'd like to share with you: Data... [More]
Tags:  books security |
Master Data Management
Over the past year I have been working with a geographically dispersed author team who have been writing a book to explain the meaning of Master Data Management to the world! I'm happy to say that the book is now ready for you to preorder... delivery in June. Enterprise Master Data Management: An SOA Approach to Managing Core Information by Allen Dreibelbis , Eberhard Hechler , Ivan Milman , Martin Oberhofer , Paul van Run , and Dan Wolfson . As a favour to the authors, I read the majority of the book in order to give feedback on what was... [More]
Tags:  mdm books |
Reminder... book sales are over when March ends!
Can you believe it? March ends next Monday. Is it just me or was this the fastest moving first quarter ever! Don't miss out on these special book prices that are offered by publishers MC Press and Pearson Education (IBM Press titles). The prices for the books at MC Press end March 31. I can't find details for when the IBM Press sale ends, but vaguely remember a March date as well. I'll confirm. But in the meantime, here are the details: Save 37% on the purchase of DB2 9 for Developers by Philip K. Gunning . See also my blog entry about... [More]
Tags:  books |
Another classic: An Introduction to IMS
Another classic IBM Press title is An Introduction to IMS by Dean Meltz, Rick Long, Mark Harrington, Robert Hain, and Geoff Nicholls I love this quote that Dean Meltz has as his signature line in his emails: Do you bank? Do you use ATMs? Do you use the internet? Then you've used IMS. Nothing has ever compared to the reliability and speed of IMS. This book was published in 2005 and provides the insights and skills you need to succeed--as an application designer, developer, or administrator. I've been told that there are still quite a few... [More]
Tags:  ims books |
Classic.... how are your skills at writing or reviewing tech content?
Maybe it's a bit sad that in the book world, a book that was published in 2004 is considered a classic! But with the number of new books being published on a daily basis... such is life! Developing Quality Technical Information: A Handbook for Writers and Editors (2nd Edition) by Gretchen Hargis, Michelle Carey, Ann Kilty Hernandez, Polly Hughes, Deirdre Longo, Shannon Rouiller, and Elizabeth Wilde. I have this book on my desk and think fondly of the team of people who wrote the book. Seven talented women from IBM wrote the book using their... [More]
Tags:  books authors |


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Construction Consultancies Offer Construction Safety Training and Other Services
Contractors and builders will benefit greatly from third-party input. A construction consulting agency helps you detect any shortcomings or improvements you may have missed during the planning stages of your development. They will assist you throughout the entire duration of your project, from safety planning to final inspections.
Consultants from a construction consulting firm work to streamline operations in a construction site. You can hire them as an onsite consultant or schedule their services when you reach specific milestones. This will depend on the type of consultancy you are looking for.
There are management consultants who will help you with seemingly menial tasks such as scheduling deliveries, handling skilled laborers, and taking charge of your materials inventory at the end of each day. These tasks may seem menial, but most project delays come from failure to execute these promptly. Hiring management consultants lets you focus on the more important aspects of your development while still getting these assignments done.
Building consultants assist you in construction site safety implementation and basic construction tasks. They can help you with housekeeping and concrete patching, carpentry protection, and fire stopping and safety. These consultants are also in charge of installing fall safety systems to protect your laborers in case they slip and fall.
Engineering consultants handle the more technical aspects of your development project. They are more skilled than the previously mentioned types because they must evaluate your project and find ways to make it better. They will help you with design drawings, inspections, testing, code compliance, as well as environmental engineering. They can also help you with acquiring the necessary permits for your project.
A construction consulting company also conducts construction safety training and planning with builders. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires all contractors and builders to undergo construction safety training. This will help you avoid any undesired accidents. It will also educate you on what to do when disaster strikes.
Choose a construction consulting firm with extensive experience in the industry. They should have a team of licensed engineers and safety inspectors who can work effectively with skilled builders. Agencies offering construction safety training should have OSHA-certified trainers. It would also help if they are licensed site safety managers. Request for specific qualifications, such as fire department safety certifications and suspended scaffold user certifications.
There are many companies offering complete consultation services. These firms provide comprehensive consulting services for a competitive price. You could select a combination of consultants to handle different aspects of your project if you prefer. Hiring separate advisers may be more costly, but it allows you to select the best consultants in the industry.
Make your building process more streamlined and efficient with the help of a construction consulting company. Check your local listings or search online for consultancies offering a wide range of services. You can also ask referrals from your colleagues. You can be a better contractor and build more lasting establishments with the help of their expertise.
Kenneth Eldredge works with different construction consulting companies and orients them on construction safety training.
Source: EzineArticlesThe documents are inevitable to assess your age, income, employment and residence. For the loan to be petitioned from the bank, you need the right procedure of application.The documents are
The main reason why people tend to be apprehensive about moving homes is that it entails packing everything in the home, transporting it and then unpacking it in the new home. The entire process of
There are a number of benefits to owning a second home. Buying to let is a long term investment. The property will usually accumulate value over time and also can generate rent on a shorter term
Building a home, especially your first one, can be an incredibly daunting task - there are a number of factors, including budget and planning, that must be taken into account before any sort of
When you're ready to sell your house, the first thing you'll probably do is find a real estate agent to help you through the process. It can be so inviting to seek out the discount Realtors who offer
You see the signs everywhere, especially in a strong economy: For Sale By Owner. For some reason, many people believe they'll do a better job of selling their homes without the assistance of a real
A European Union Directive has set a target for all European Union Countries to achieve zero carbon for all new public buildings by 2018. Sustainable buildings, especially timber buildings which
The phrase "Modular" can suggest several different things depending on the way it is actually employed When we utilize the phrase modular we will need to make certain its in the proper context,
Your home will be comfortable, functional and healthy only when you don't compromise on some basic, yet important features. Flooring is one such feature that should not be overlooked, as we will have
Nowadays, commercialism no longer means a one-time setup for life long continuity. With the increasing competition it has become necessary for every enterprise to devise new expansion plans and move
With all of the different types of flooring available today, one stands out as durable, cost effective and beautiful - concrete floor coatings. Decorative Concrete Floor Coatings have gone mainstream
As winter gives way to spring, you can be sure that there will still be some tough weather and storms to overcome. After all, we are not out of the woods yet. Early spring storms will still roll in
Starting a construction project is not easy. You have to make a comprehensive plan, think about safety, and choose the materials. A construction consultant can help you go through these things
Having a construction consultant can help you make the proper steps with regards to developing a structure. These specialists are experts in construction and offer wonderful insights for your present
Workplace safety is one of the most important aspects of the construction trade. A safe and healthy environment is the key to you and your team's success. This article discusses the importance of

subset: commoncrawl


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Tuesday's St. Patrick's Day parade is still being protested by gay activists, many city politicians, and even Mayor Bill de Blasio, despite the inclusion of Out@NBCUniversal. The NBC group, activists say, is not representative of the Irish LGBT community -- and the whole point of the years of protests was to get the ban on Irish gays and lesbians lifted. But at least the NBC peacock has the Rainbow Flag embedded.
THE CONTROVERSY in SEVEN QUESTIONS
Wasn't the ban on gays marching in the St. Patrick's Day ended?
Officially. Yes. The organizer the world's oldest largest parade honoring Catholic St. Patrick, said in September 2014 that they would no longer ban gay groups from participating -- or carrying a banner of their choosing. The New York Irish Lesbian and Gay Organization (ILGO) first petitioned the group to end the ban in 1990.
Wasn't a gay group chosen to march?
Yes. Out@NBCUniversal, a lesbian, gay, transgender, and bisexual employee resource group, was chosen to march -- the only gay-tied group selected.
And didn't companies that boycotted it rejoin the parade?
Indeed. The makers of Heineken and Guinness both said they were back. "We are glad to see the parade organizers have taken initial steps to be more inclusive and we expect this to be just the beginning of their efforts to create greater equality in the parade and a more diverse celebration in the years to come," Heineken spokeswoman Tara Rush said.


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First album of Arz Nevez, very noticeable by the press allowed to launch the group on the national and international stages (Quebec, Switzerland, Germany, Italy, Spain ....). This first recording is essentially centered on the quartet formula, but there are some distinguished guests including Jean Michel Veillon on flute, Véronique Bourjot on vocals.
A double homage of Yves Ribis to Arvo Pärt and Alan Stivell can be heard on the last track of this disc in a deeply detailed room: "Ar seizh skleur Itron Varia Rostren"
Youenn Lorec and Helene Le Flecher: violin
Eric Lavarec: alto
Kristina Omnes: Cello
Yves Ribis: guitar, arrangements & compositions
1. Gouel ar C'hranked 6:17
2. Kas a Barh Kreisteiz 4:14
3. Deomp Da Pont-Aven 3:22
4. The may morning dew 4:13
5. Gwez Kren En Noz 4:27
6. Draeneg 3:29
7. Kimiad Iwerzhon 3:58
8. Enez Eusa 3:48
9. Gavotenn Wolfgan 3:16
10. Ar Seizh Skleur Itron Varia Rostren 9:00


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The channels of Reull Vallis
These images, taken by the High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) on board ESA's Mars Express spacecraft, show a region of Reull Vallis in the southern hemisphere of Mars.
The images show an area located at about latitude 42° South and longitude 102° East. The image was taken with a ground resolution of about 21 metres per pixel during Mars Express orbit 451 in May 2004.
Reull Vallis is an outflow channel that extends 1500 kilometres across Promethei Terra in the direction of Hellas Basin. It is approximately 20 kilometres wide and has cut into the surrounding plain to a depth of 1800 metres. It is the major outflow channel in the region and exhibits a high degree of surface modification, suggesting a complex evolution.
In these images, Reull Vallis extends from the east to the north-west and is connected to a tributary in the south (Teviot Vallis). Distinct parallel structures are visible in the channels, possibly caused by glacial flow of loose debris mixed with ice. Small depressions, located on the flow features, are probably caused by the sublimation of ice.
Numerous impact craters, visible on the flanks of the valley, have been filled with material from these flows. Distinct flow features can be recognised within impact craters, for example, the 15-kilometre wide crater in the west (bottom) of the image.
There is a clear morphological distinction between the heavily eroded south-west and the plains of the north-east, which have experienced much less erosion. While most landforms throughout the image have a rounded, softened appearance, younger structures have a distinctly sharp and raised morphology.
On the southern and western edges of the colour image, large impact craters are visible. Their diameters range from 15 to 35 kilometres. These craters have heavily eroded rims and are partly filled with material. Erosion has left distinct, branched gully systems at the edge of the large crater that is located on the southern edge of the image.
Image resolution has been decreased for use on the internet. The colour images were processed using the HRSC nadir (vertical view) and three colour channels. The perspective views were calculated from the digital terrain model derived from the stereo channels.
The 3D anaglyph image was created from the nadir channel and one of the stereo channels. Stereoscopic glasses are needed to view the 3D image.
For more information on Mars Express HRSC images, you might like to read our updated 'Frequently Asked Questions'.
http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Mars_Express/Mars_Express_image_browser- Crater Hale in Argyre basin
http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Mars_Express/Crater_Hale_in_Argyre_basin - Coprates Catena's 'collapsed' structures
http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Mars_Express/Coprates_Catena_s_collapsed_structures - Martian moon Phobos in detail
http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Mars_Express/Martian_moon_Phobos_in_detail - Tithonium Chasma, Valles Marineris, on Mars
http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Mars_Express/Tithonium_Chasma_Valles_Marineris_on_Mars - Rim of Crater Huygens on Mars
http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Mars_Express/Rim_of_Crater_Huygens_on_Mars - Promethei Terra, southern highlands of Mars
http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Mars_Express/Promethei_Terra_southern_highlands_of_Mars - Ophir Chasma, part of Valles Marineris
http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Mars_Express/Ophir_Chasma_part_of_Valles_Marineris - Solis Planum, Thaumasia region
http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Mars_Express/Solis_Planum_Thaumasia_region - Eos Chasma, part of Valles Marineris
http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Mars_Express/Eos_Chasma_part_of_Valles_Marineris - Crater dunes in Argyre Planitia
http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Mars_Express/Crater_dunes_in_Argyre_Planitia - The eroded valleys of Dao and Niger Valles
http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Mars_Express/The_eroded_valleys_of_Dao_and_Niger_Valles - Olympus Mons caldera in perspective
http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Mars_Express/Olympus_Mons_caldera_in_perspective - Escarpment and landslides of Olympus Mons
http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Mars_Express/Escarpment_and_landslides_of_Olympus_Mons - View of deposits in Melas Chasma on Mars
http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Mars_Express/View_of_deposits_in_Melas_Chasma_on_Mars - High Resolution Stereo Camera
http://berlinadmin.dlr.de/Missions/express/indexeng.shtml - Behind the lens...


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'Do not believe those who say they love art, but who have never spent ten francs on a sketch or drawing.
For those who really love art, seeing it is not enough; one has to own a small piece of that art, whether one be rich or poor.'
(From the diary of Edmond and Jules de Goncourt, French writers and collectors, 11 May 1876)
Drawings are the most intimate expressions of the artist's mind, explorative and playful, experimental and refined. Much more so than paintings, drawings provide an extraordinarily intimate insight into their makers: not only do they record the artist's impressions and thoughts more directly and spontaneously, but they also tend to survive in more honest and original state than paintings, which are often disfigured by layers of overpaint and varnish through centuries of over-avid restoration. Drawings were functional tools in the artist's studio, creative stages towards final pictorial compositions. The drawn oeuvre of an artist constituted a valuable resource of visual motifs and studies, and generally passed from master to pupil. Unlike paintings, drawings were intended for small audiences, like medieval prayer books, for careful contemplation and study.
Because of this vibrant intimacy, drawings have historically been especially favoured by artist-collectors, such as Giorgio Vasari, Rembrandt, Sir Peter Lely and Sir Joshua Reynolds, and by historians of art. Many collectors applied their individual stamped marks on their drawings, and it is especially fascinating to trace the provenance of drawings through successive collections.
Whereas previous generations of collectors generally kept their drawings in dedicated albums, interspersed between blank sheets (which has kept many of them in such pristine state), the development of uv-protective glass and acid-free mounting paper has made it possible to frame and hang drawings, and enjoy them on a daily basis – although it is still advised to avoid exposure to direct sunlight.
From a more mundane point of view, Old Master drawings have over the centuries proved to be very secure investments, and have even kept their value during the recent years of financial turmoil. At the same time they are still very affordable, frequently much more so than paintings. It is still possible to buy excellent sheets by good artists for reasonable prices.
Foolscap Fine Art is the result of a passion for art in general and Old Master drawings in particular. Named after one of the most popular watermarks employed by European paper-makers throughout the 16th to 19th centuries, Foolscap Fine Art was founded by Mark Broch, who bought his first Old Master drawing at auction age fifteen, a sheet attributed to Goltzius's stepson Jacob Matham. He remembers being amazed that the minuscule budget of a schoolboy allowed for the purchase of authentic 17th-century drawings.
After working in the Old Master Drawings department at Christie's Amsterdam, and internships at the print rooms of the Rijksmuseum and Teyler's Museum in Haarlem, Mark now has many years experience in the field and has published on drawings in international art-historical journals. Recently Mark was deeply involved in the discovery of what is increasingly believed to be the only extant life portrait of William Shakespeare, and he co-curated an exhibition revealing the portrait at Stratford-upon-Avon in 2009.
We firmly believe that the art-dealing world is evolving rapidly. The emergence of the internet has caused a rapid democratization of the collector, who now by a click of the mouse can access knowledge and resources which traditional dealers took a lifetime to compile. We embrace rather than oppose the new media, and believe there is a place for a dedicated website for lovers of drawings by the Old Masters, offered at fair prices, unconditionally authentic and genuine. We are able to offer interesting drawings at good prices exactly because we use the new media to their fullest extent, and are able to offer old master drawings for sale from a multitide of sources, from old private collections and provincial sales to Ebay, but all selected for quality and an excellent price/quality ratio.
We always present our drawings with full descriptions and clear high-res photographs. More images can be sent by email on request.


text:
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text:
Boston students are planning another walkout this week, a follow-up to a protest earlier this year that saw more than a thousand students leave class and march through the streets over budget cuts.
Organizers said Sunday they expect this week's demonstration are expecting it to be twice as large as the one in March, according to 18-year-old Jahi Spaloss, a leader of the protests.
"This time it's been much better organized and students have been encouraging each other to go," Spaloss, a senior at Boston Green Academy, said in an interview. "And not only that, but we'll be more well-informed than last time."
The students plan to walk out of class at 1 p.m., he said, then meet at City Hall at 2 p.m., where Spaloss said he would be among students who plan to testify at a meeting of Boston's City Council.
He and other students oppose what they call the underfunding of Boston Public Schools, cuts to programming and the possibility of closing or merging schools in the city.
Boston's School Committee approved the district's $1 billion budget proposal on March 23.
It increases funding for some programs while reducing funding for others, including for special education. Mayor Marty Walsh and Superintendent Tommy Chang defended those "hard choices" in a Boston Globe op-ed a few days after the School Committee's vote.
In the lead-up to Tuesday's protest, organizers have been waging a social media campaign.
A video posted to Facebook on Sunday to rally supporters had been shared nearly 150 times by the early evening.


text:
Stay connected with us to get the latest health and fitness news, innovative workouts, healthy recipes and wellness tips.
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ACE Fit Share
This simple sauté combines two summer stars—corn and tomatoes. If you don't have fresh basil or tarragon, use whatever is best out of your herb garden.
Nutrition Profile: Diabetes Appropriate Healthy Weight Heart Healthy Low Calorie Low Carb Low Cholesterol Low Sat Fat Low Sodium
Serves 4
Prep Time 20 min
Total Time 25 min.
Step 1
Heat oil in a medium skillet over medium heat. Add corn and shallots and cook, stirring occasionally, until lightly browned, about 5 minutes. Remove from the heat and let stand for 5 minutes. Stir in tomatoes, tarragon (or basil) and salt.


text:
The Mantrayana of Tirumular ¾¢ÕãÄâý
Áó¾¢Ã¡Â½õ |
Dear Friends,
The Mantrayana may perhaps be the most distinctive
contribution of Agamic Hinduism and the roots of which are traceable to
Sumerian times. Temple worship YogaSciences and Mantrayana go together and in
the Kes temple of Hymns of Enhudu Anna( 2200 B.C.) and many other Sumerian
Hymns we see already the NamavaLi and related mantra recitals. But the most
important feature of Mantrayana is that it constitutes the THEORETICAL
framework for the whole range of Hermeneutic Sciences and in this it is
something like what theoretical physics is to positive sciences. While the West
was busy in developing the positive physical sciences, the Hindus were
developing a vast range of Hermeneutic Sciences that are essentially
spiritualbut now all buried deep down as unwanted records of the past.
In this series I want to describe selected
verses from the massive Fourth Tantra of Tirmular that runs to more 600 verses
and thus constituting the most ancient and extensive treatise on Mantrayana
from the Indian soil. I follow the same numbering as that G. Varadasanar and
also guided by the commentary he has written to them . However I shall
endeavour to bring out the Hermeneutic dimensions inherent to Tirumular's
treatment of it.
The Asaba Mantras«º¨À Áó¾¢Ãí¸û.
±ýÀÐ, ¦ºÀ¢ì¸ôÀ¼¡Á§Ä À¢Ã¡½§É¡Î §º÷óÐ þÂíÌõ Áó¾¢Ãõ ±ýÈÀÊ.þЧŠÁó¾¢Ãõ ±ýÚõ, À¢Ã½Åõ
±ýÚõÜÈô¦ÀÚõ. ÃîÍì ¸¡üÚ † ±ýà ´Ä¢Ô¼ý ¦ÅÇ¢ôÀθ¢ýÈÐ. … ±ýÈ ´Ä¢Ô¼ý ¯û ѨƸ¢ÈÐ.
þõÁó¾¢Ãò¨¾ ±øÄ¡ ¯Â¢÷¸Ùõ ¦ºÀ¢ì¸¢ýÈÉ
Varadarasan: The
Asaba mantras are thosewhich remain unrecited and as integral to the very life
breath. It is these which are really called the mantras .The life breath
emerges with the sounD 'ha" and enters inside with the sound 'sa". All
creatures in fact recite this mantra ( inaudibly and unconsciously )
884. µ¦ÃØò§¾ ãÄõ
Ò¸ø »¡Éò¨¾ò
§¾üÚ¸¢ý§Èý º¢ó¨¾ ¿¡Â¸ý §ºÅÊ
º¡üÚ¸¢ý§Èý «¨È§Â¡ º¢Å§Â¡¸ò¨¾
²üÚ¸¢ý§Èý ¿õ À¢Ã¡ý µ÷ ±Øò§¾
pukazntum pukal njaanattai
teeRrukinReen cintai naayakan ceevadi
caaRrukinReen aRaiyoo civayookattai
eeRrukinReen nam piraan oorezuttee
this treatise I glorify Sivanjanam, the Absolute Understanding that serves as
the final refuge of all.Devolping that Understanding within me I also witness
the Divine Feet that dances in mind illuminating me in various ways and
communicate them through these verses. This also is explaining what is genuine
Sivayoga. And as the first step in this task, I begin expounding the secrets of
theAUM. The Primordial Logos that discloses also the authentic form of BEING
this first verse Tirumular provides a prelude or introduction to the whole text
and that beginswith articulating what the essence of the Promordial Logas, AUM
is .This AUM is thevariant Su. aam which is also rendered as oom in some cases
and may also be the root of the Amen of the Christians something that probably
survived from the Sumerian times.
one of the Upanishads it is stated that 'aam" means assent , a meaning that is
still retained in Tamil.
is the Primordial Logos simply an agitation that becomes differentiated intovarious
kinds of languages that illuminate the mind. Thus itis comparable to the most
basic computer language, the machine language of dots and dashes or something
even deeper than that --the language that differentiates into dots and dashes.
is a LANGUAGE on its own and that which discloses the most authentic form of
Siva, BEING all the other understandings being really inauthentic for they are
configured by languages more distant from this Promordial Logos.Hence the
oorezuttu of Piran-- the singlesyllable of BEING Himself.It turns out that the
UNDERSTANDING that this oom configures is Sivanjanam, the Final and Absolute
Understanding and hence the Absolute END of all the hermeneutic endeavours of
man, that understanding towards which all the hermeneutic endeavours are
already directed.
reaching of BEING and understanding Him with OOM as the language is also the
genuine Sivayoga, being-with Siva , BEING, enjoying a state of Being the same
as Siva or what is the same , enjoying Sivahood ( or Sivattuvam)
The Mantrayana of Tirumular
885. ²¨É ±ØòÐì¸û
¾¡§Ä ¯Ä¦¸íÌõ ¾¡É¡¸¢
®¦ÃØò ¾¡§Ä þ¨ºóÐ «íÌ þÕÅáö
ã¦ÅØò ¾¡§Ä Ó¨Ç츢ýÈ §º¡¾¢¨Â
Á¡¦ÅØò ¾¡§Ä ÁÂì¸õ ¯üȧ¾
µí¸¡ÃÁ¡¸ ¯Ä¦¸øÄ¡õ¾¡§É ÀÃÅ¢ Å¢ÃÅ¢ Àú¢ÅÉ¡¸ ¿¢ýÚ , À¢ÈÌ «¸¡Ãõ ¯¸¡ÃÁ¡ö
Ţâóк¾¡º¢ÅÉ¡¸ Á¡¨Â¨Âò ¾¡ì¸¢ º¢ÅÉ¡¸×õ ºì¾¢Â¡¸×õ ÅʦÅÎòÐ, À¢ÈÌ «¸¡Ã ¯¸¡Ã
Á¸¡ÃÁ¡ö ŢâóÐ «¾ü§¸üÀ ¯Õò¾¢Ãý¾¢ÕÁ¡ø «Âý ±ýÈ ãÄ Óò¦¾¡Æ¢ø ¸¡Ã½É¡¸ ±ØóÐ ÀüÀÄ
¾¢ÕÅ¢¨Ç¡¼ø¸û ÒâóÐ §º¡¾¢ ÅÊÅ¢ø º¢Å»¡Éò¦¾Ç¢Å¢¨É ±øÄ¡ ¬ýÁ¡ì¸û «¸òÐõ Ò½÷ò¾¢ þ¨ÈÅý
«ÕÇ¢ÂÅ¡Ú þÕó¾§À¡¾¢Öõ, «ó¾¸¡ÃòÐ ¬½ÅÁÄò¾¢ýÁýò¾¢ý ±Øò¾¡¸¢Â ÁÁ¸¡Ãò¾¡ø
¬ýÁ¡ì¸û«È¢Å¢ø ÁÂíÌŧ¾¡Î Áýò¨¾Ôõ ±öи¢ýÈÉ ¸¡ñ!
taalee ulakeGum taanaaki
iirezut taalee isaintu aGku iruvaraay
muuvezut taalee muLaikinRa cootiyai
maavezut taalee mayakkam uRRatee
permeates everything by spreading in the form of the Primordial Logos AUM; then
becomes the Sataacivan with Sakti or the Man-Woman complex by differentiating
it into mantras akaaram and ukaaram; then becomes the basic or root archetypes
of Rudra Tirumaal and Brahma by differentiating further into akaaram ukaaram
and makaaram and in these forms enacts the dramas in the life of creatures and
illuminates them by assuming also the form of Radiant Light. But the anmasare
also affected by the mamakaaram --the mantra of the Black Holes, and because of
which suffer confusions as well as death
as in'piraan ezuttu"perhaps means that which arises , taking it as having the
root ezu- to rise that occurs in Sumerian as 'il".It is the spontaneous
emergence of the primordial agitation that gives rise to the various languages
and hence becomes the vehicle of human understanding, that which installs
consciousness as such. This Primordial Logos differentiates further and the
first splitting being that which introduces the basic differentiations of
creatures into males and females, a differentiationthat is quite universal.
Thus BEING becomes Siva-Sakti complex, the Adam-Eve complex and hence the
Parents of the Cosmos quite often attributed exclusively to the Female aspects
of this differentiation, the Inanna of the Sumerians, the Ambaal( <ammaa:
mother) of present times.
this is NOT sufficient to account forthe pedagogic process in nature. To
illuminate the creatures and instruct them on Sivanjaanamthe AUM is
differentiated further into the akaaram-uakaaram-makraam complex and along with
the assumption of the shape of the root archetypes of Rudra Vishnu and Brahma
existential truths indicate that existence is not always one of smooth learning
, which would be the case if only the above archetypes or the mantras are
functioning. Over and above these there is the mamakaaram, the mantra of the
ANava Malam, the Black Hole that forever functions to annihilate dispel destroy
scatter swallow whatever that has become manifest, whatever illuminations
workings of this mamakaraam creates Darkness in the soul, wipes out whatever
metaphysical illuminations that have been attained and in the end also brings
about death or death-like processes.
should note here that AUM is NOT the self as in Vedantabut rather the most
primordial language of BEING. The Upanishadic "udgiita"is actually Tamil -- uL
giitam where giitam is a devlelopment from Su. gis, giz , giz-zumeaning sound ,
loud and shrill voice etc ( Ta. kiiccu). It simply means the innermostlanguage
already available in the soul and hence if equated with AUM, then something
perhaps in the form of Sivanjaanam, the Absolute Understanding that brings
along with it the Cutta Caitanyam, Undefiled Pure consciousness.
when we seek to understand BEING through the language of AUM that we get to
understand His most authentic form and simultaneously enjoy Sivanjaanam
Mantrayana of Tirumular
ã¨Ä¢ý ¦¾ý¦À¡Ð§Å º¢üÈõÀÄõ
§¾Å÷ ¯¨È¸¢ýÈ º¢üÈõÀÄõ ±ýÚõ
§¾Å÷ ¯¨È¸¢ýÈ º¢¾õÀÃõ ±ýÚõ
§¾Å÷ ¯¨È¸¢ýÈ ¾¢Õ «õÀÄõ ±ýÚõ
§¾Å÷ ¯¨È¸¢ýÈ ¦¾ý¦À¡Ð Å¡§Á
¦ºÖòÐõ ã¨Ç¢ý ¬úÀ̾¢¸Ç¢ø ´ýÈ¡¸¢Â ¦¾ý¦À¡Ð ±ýÛõ À̾¢§Â, þ¨ÈÅÉÐ ¬¨½¨Â
¿¢¸ú¡ìÌõ §¾Å÷¸û Áó¾¢Ãºì¾¢¸Ç¡¸ ¾í¸¢Â¢Õ츢ýÈ þ¼Á¡Ìõ. «Ð§Å ÀæÅǢ¢ø
º¢Å»¡Éò¾¢ý º¢üÈõÀÄõ ( º¢ý=«õÀÄõ) ±ýÚõ «Æ¢Â¡¾ ºò¾È¢Å¢ý º¢¾õÀÃõ ±ýÚõ (º¢òÐ=
ºòÐ) §ÁÄ¡É º¢Å¸¾¢ ¾ÃÅøÄ ¾¢ÕÅõÀÄõ ±ýÚõ À¸ÃôÀÎÅÐõ «§¾¦À¡ØÐ ¯¼Ä¢ø
The Primordial Centre in the Brain
teevar uRaikinRa ciRRampalam enRum
teevar uRaikinRa citamparam enRum
teevar uRaikinRa tiru ambalam enRum
teevar uRaikinra tenpotu vaamee
one of the lower parts of the brain that controls the whole body ( with
mantras) called Ten Potu resides all the devas who are the powers
that effect the various processes (both mental and physical). This is the
reflection in the brain or the human body what is called the realms of Absolute
Understanding ( Sivanjanam) CiRRampalam, the realms of Eternal
Truth, Citambaram and the realms genuine divinity , Tiru Ambalam,
the abode of BEING and in Space
is well noted for saying that whatever in the universe is also in the human
body. The human body is microcosm in a way and in this verse he gives more
substance to it. Having said that BEING permeates everything in the form
of the Primordial Logos, the Ongkaaram, he now comes to articulating in greater
details how this BEING along with the AUM is present in the human body.
locates a region of the brain, the Ten Potu, the southern region of
illumination, almost as the operation center that controls everything in human
body - both the physical and mental. It is also called CiRRampalam,
Citambaram and Tiru Ambalam, descriptive terms that apply normally to the
deepest realm of the Gods and where resides Siva with His consort Parvati
and all the devas, the Tillai Ambalam and where He enacts the various
dances ( that will be described soon)
an abode of the gods, the powers that manage the mantra-complexes are located
somewhere in the deep recesses of the brain as well and because of which
the body functions the way it does.
CiRRampalam , as a variant of cin+ ambalam means the realms of Sivanjanam, the
Absolute Understanding that illuminates all and hence that which frees the mind
from the darkness of ignorance. The word "cin' has as its roots cuur> cuun
from which is also derived Sunyata, the Pure Radiance. It is then also the
Sunyata of the Buddhists where only Pure Brilliance shines forth obliterating
all differentiated consciousness.
word cit-ambaram means the realms of Absolute TRUTH . The word 'cit' is related
to Sumerian jid/ sid meaning "true, staight". It has given us also the word
cattu, where it means the TRUTH that remains unsubverted and stands there as
eternal. The CiRRampalam is also this Cit-ambalam.
Ambalam means realms of the divine, the noble, the good and the beautiful. The
word 'tiru' is a variant of Su. sir,siri SK sri and Ta. siir
implication is that the Absolute Understanding - Sivanjanam, the undying
Eternal Truth , the cattu and genuine divinity are ALREADY in our brain
somewhere waiting for us to reach appropriate and enjoy the
highest possible kind of existence.
born a human being is already endowed with all these possibilities in his brain
itself and all are EQUAL with respect to the RIGHTS to these
The Mantrayana of Tirumular
¦À¡ýÉõÀÄõ «üÒ¾õ ¬Éó¾õ
¬§Á ¾¢ÕÜòÐ «ÉÅþò ¾¡ñ¼Åõ
¬§Á À¢ÃÇÂÁ¡Ìõ «ò ¾¡ñ¼Åõ
¬§Á ºí¸¡ÃòÐ «Õó¾¡ñ ¼Åí¸§Ç
±ýÚõ º¢¾õÀÃõ ±ýÚõ ¾¢ÕÅõÀÄõ ±ýÚõ ¬Ìõ ã¨Ç¢ý ¦¾ý¦À¡Ð À̾¢§Â ÀÄŨ¸Â¡É ¾¢ÕìÜòиû
¿¼ìÌõ ¦À¡ýÉõÀÄÓõ ¬Ìõ. µ¦ÃØò¾¡¸¢Â µí¸¡Ãõ ŢâóРŢâóÐ ÀÄÅ¡¸¢
«ì¸Ãºì¸Ãí¸Ç¡¸ò ¦¾¡ÌòÐ ¿¢ýÚ ÒШÁ¨Âô À¨¼ìÌõ «üÒ¾ò ¾¡ñ¼Åõ ±ýÚõ þýÀ Ѹ÷Å¢¨É
ÀÂôÀ¢ìÌõ ¬Éó¾ò ¾¡ñ¼Åõ ±ýÚõ , ¯¼Ä¢ø ÀÄŨ¸Â¡É ¯Â¢÷ôÒ §À¡ýÈ ÀÄ þÂì¸í¸û ´Ê¡Ð
¿¢¨Ä¦ÀÈ ¨ÅìÌõ «ÉÅþò ¾¡ñ¼Åõ ±ýÚõ ÀÄ þÂì¸í¸¨Ç ¿¢Ä¿¡ðÎõ þò¾¨¸Âò ¾¡ñ¼Åí¸Ç¡ø
þÕ츢ýÈ ¿¢Ä¨Á «Æ¢óÐ Ò¾¢Â¾¡¸ µ÷ ¿¢Ä¨Á¨Âì ¦¸¡ñÎÅÕõ À¢ÃÇÂÓõ ¿¼ìÌõ. þ¨Å
«¨ÉòÐõ §ÁÄ¡É ¿¢¨Ä¨Â, º¡í¸Á¡É ´ý¨È ¬ýÁ¡ì¸û Á¸¢Æò ¾Õõ ºí¸¡ÃòÐ «Õó¾¡ñðÅí¸û
:The Dances in the Body
ponnambalam aRputam aanantam
aamee tirukkuuttu anavarata taaNdavam
aamee piraLayamaakum attaaNdavam
aamee caGkaarattu arun taaNdavaGkaLee
the location of the brain, the Ten Potu which is also CiRrampalam Citambaram
Tiruvambalam and so forth is also the Ponnambalam, the Golden Assembly
where takes place a variety of dances. There is the aRputam that continuously
introduces the novel into the mind and body, the aanantam that leads to the
enjoyments of all kinds, and there is the persistent and always occurring
anavaratam type that enable the creature to survive. These dances,
in addition bringing about metamorphoses ( piraLayam) are also
the great CagKaaram type i.e that which confer something the elegant and
noble ( saaGkam) and thereby spiritualize the anmas.
notion of DANCE is made extensive use in Saivism which sees BEING itself as the
Dancing Lord, the Kutta Piran or Aadavallaan. BEING who is everywhere is also
present in the Ten Potu part of the brain and because of which it is also
called the Ponnambalam, the Golden Assembly where Siva dances continuously with
His consort Parvati. These dances that take place in the brain account for the
various kinds of movements within mind and the body that constitutes what
existing or living is.
of all there is the aRputam variety where the mantras combine into
complexes in novel ways so that something NEW both physical and mental
become experiential realities. Then there is aanantam type, the kinds of
movements that are happiness seeking and providing, a fundamental desire of all
living things - the seeking of pleasure and the avoidance of pain that is
means the continuously ongoing, the kinds of processes like breathing that are
autonomous. There are many processes in the body that take place continuously
and beyond the willful control of the mind and which account for the survival
as a living thing.
dances collectively bring about metamorphoses , the piraLayam, drastic and
critical changes in both mind and body that underlie the developmental
stages - infancy childhood adolescence youth adulthood old age and so forth and
cognitive changes along with them
But all these dances and the changes that are brought about by them are
actually CaGkaarat TaaNdavam, dances that confer something GOOD for the anmas.
These dances or various kinds biological mental and psychical changes
that are brought about by the mantra-complexes , are NOT just simply
haphazard and meaningless. The various mantras are set to work in myriads of ways
so that the anmas get rid off the inherent ugliness and bestiality and
assume the good and the DIVINE. These dances are there to spiritualize the
Mantrayana of Tirumular
¾É¢¦ÂØòÐ µ÷ ±ØòÐ
¾¡ñ¼ÅÁ¡ÉÐ «Û츢øò ¦¾¡Æ¢ø
¾¡ñ¼Åì ÜòÐò ¾É¢ ¿¢ýÈ ¾üÀÃõ
¾¡ñ¼Åì ÜòÐ ¾ÁÉ¢Âõ ¾¡§É
Å¢Çì¸ôÀð¼ «üÒ¾õ ¬Éó¾õ §À¡ýÈ ¯Ä¦¸í¸¢Öõ ¯¼Ä¢Öõ ¿¼ìÌõ ¾¡ñ¼Åí¸û ãÄò¾¢ø ¾É¢¦ÂØòÐõ
À¢Ç×À¼¡¾ µ÷ ±ØòÐÁ¡¸¢Â ´í¸¡Ãò¾¢ý ¾¢ÕìÜò§¾. þÐ ²§É¡¦ÅÉ¢ø þ¨ÈÅÉÐ «ÕðÀ¡ðÊý
¸¡Ã½Á¡¸ÅýÈ¢ §ÅÚ ±ùÅ¢¾ ¸¡Ã½Óõ þøÄ¡¾ Íò¾ «Û츢øò ¦¾¡Æ¢Ä¡Ìõ. þ¨ÈÅý ¾ÉÐ
¦º¡åÀ ¿¢¨Ä¢ø «ôÀ¡ÖìÌ «ôÀ¡ø ¿¢ü¸¢ýÈ ¾üÀÃÁ¡¸ ´í¸¡Ãò¾¢ý ÅÆ¢ ¦ºö¸¢ýÈ Üò¾¢ý §À¡Ð
¾¢¸ú¸¢ýÈ¡ý. þìÜòÐ ¦À¡ýÉõÀÄò¾¢ø ¿¨¼¦ÀÚž¡ø ¡÷ þó¾ µí¸¡Ãì Üò¾¢ý ÅÆ¢
þ¨ÈŧɡΠþ¨ºóÐ ¿¢ü¸¢ýÈ¡÷¸§Ç¡, «Å÷¸û ¯ûÇÓõ ¯¼õÒõ ¦À¡ýÉ¡¸î ͼÕõ
¾ÁÉ¢Âõ: ¦À¡ý
Dance of Bliss
taniyezuttu oor ezuttu
taandavamaanatu anukkirakat tozil
taandavk kuuttu tanininRa taRparam
taandavk kuuttu tamaniyam taanee
various kinds of dances such «î aRputam Anaýtam and so forth mentioned
above are in fact effected by the Primordial Logos , Ongkaaram that stands on
its own and as undifferentiated unity. BEING enacts these dances for no other
reason except as an expression of His Infinite Love , the natural tendency to
bless all. BEING stands in itself and as it is when one with this Ongkaram and
enacts the world drama. And because this dance is enacted in the Golden
Assembly 9(Ponnambalam) whoever manages to understand BEING in this way will
also enjoy mind and body that is in fact gold.
an importance verse that delineates the secrets of the true metaphysical life
and the GOOD that becomes experientially available for anyone who understands
this and moves in that direction. This is the primordial impulse of the
metaphysical mind itself and hence that which underlies all religions, no matter
how different they may appear on the surface.
Here it also emerges that BEING is One-Many along a theoretical explanation of
it. BEING is in the world as many archetypal forms enacting the various dramas
in the personal and collective life of the individuals as well the
historical and cosmological processes - the macroscopic and microscopic, the
human and non-human. All these countless number of archetypal forms that human
mind is given to understand as muurtties and made to worship in various iconic
representations are in fact BEING but disclosing Himself with various
differentiated mantra-complexes as the garment, the clothes He wears or guises
He takes, or the masks he wears for that purpose. When the mind frees itself
from the hold of such muurtties and rises above them it would be one-with
BEING-in-Itself and that because it stands above the differentiated
mantras and one-with Ongkaaram, the Single undifferentiated Aksara or ezuttu.
it appears that the primordial goal of Sivayoga and hence all metaphysical or
religious endeavors is to gain an understanding of BEING as He discloses
Himself through Ongkaaraam, When one succeeds in this then one can enjoy the
UNITY that underlies all differences at the surface level.
why does BEING condescend to do this, enact this marvelous DANCE that moves
everything in the world including the human consciousness?
answer is simple: it is an anukkrakat tozil -- purely an expression the
INFINITE LOVE that BEING is, a natural or spontaneous expression that BEING has
to bless , purify and uplift al the creatures. LOVE expects nothing in return
and BEING being LOVE itlself enacts all this for the creatures and NOT for
Himself. He stands as the paripuuRaNan, the wholly saturated, and hence
in want of nothing.
what is the CRITERIA that we have so that we know that this is RIGHT and not
one of the weird imaginations of the fertile mind?
we understand this and move in that direction in our metaphysical struggles our
body and mind becomes GOLD. The Ten Potu,, the deep recesses in the brain where
BEING locates Himself and enacts the various dances in the body and mind is
also the Golden Assembly. When through the appropriate sadhanas the anma
locates itself in this part of brain and functions according its mind and body
becomes GOLD, a metaphor that means a healthy body and healthy mind.
we move away from the numerous archetypal forms of BEING and ascend
to seeing HIM as ONE, the totally above the taRparan, the inasanity and
corruption of the ordinary life is overcome , the desires that propels the
names become divine and through that mind and body become really excellent.
verse also explains why from ancient times Dance and Music and such fine
arts have been part of temple culture and closely linked with Sivayoga.
The Mantrayana of Tirumular
ÀÃïͼ÷ ¾òÐÅÁ¡ö ¿¢üÌó
¾¡§É «¸¡Ã ¯¸¡ÃÁ¾¡ö ¿¢üÌõ
¾¡§É ÀÃïͼ÷ ¾òÐÅì ÜòÐìÌò
¾¡§É ¾ÉìÌò ¾Ã¡¾Äó ¾¡§É
ãÄÁó¾¢ÃÁ¡¸¢Â µí¸¡Ãò§¾¡Î ´ýÈ¢òÐ ¿¢üÌõ§À¡Ð ÀÃïͼ÷ ÅÊÅ¢ø §¾¡ýÈ¢ , ±øÄ¡
º¢Å¾òÐÅí¸¨ÇÔõ «¸ò¾¢§Ä ÝìÌÁÁ¡¸ ¦¸¡ñÊÕôÀ¾¡Ôõ Å¢ÇíÌõ. À¢ÈÌ ¾¡§É ŢâóÐ À¢ÇóÐ
«¸¡Ã ¯¸¡Ã Á¸¡Ã «ì¸Ãí¸Ç¡¸×õ «Åü§È¡Î ÅÕõ º¢Å¾òÐÅí¸Ç¡Ôõ ¿¢üÌõ. þó¾
º¢Å¾òÐÅí¸Ç¡ø þÂüÈôÀÎõ À¢ÃÀïº Üò¾¢üÌõ ¯Â¢Ã¢Éí¸Ç¢ý «È¢Å¢§Ä ¿¢¸úò¾ôÀÎõ
»¡ÉÜò¾¢üÌõ ¾¡§É Íò¾ «ôÀÃïͼ÷ ÅÊÅ¢ø ¾¨ÄÅÉ¡¸ ¿¢üÌõ. þùÅ¡Ú ¾¢¸úžü¦¸øÄ¡õ
¾É째¡÷ ¾ÄŨÉì ¦¸¡ñÊøÄ¡Ð ¾¡§É ¾ÉìÌò ¾¨ÄÅÉ¡ö ¾Ã¡¾ÄÁ¡¸ ¬¸§Å ¾üÀÃÁ¡¸ò ¾¢¸Øõ.
Ground Unto Itself
paranjsudar tattuvamaay niRkum
taanee akaara ukaaramataay niRkum
taanee paranjsudar tattuvak kuuttukkut
taanee tnakuut taraatalan taanee
discloses Himself as Brilliant and Pure Light when one with Ongkaaram and
who contains within Himself the Sivatatvas in the state on unmanifestation.
Then on His own will, He differentiates into the mantras akaaram
ukaaram and so forth and appears as the Siva Tatvas. In the dramas that
are enacted at the cosmological and personal level with these Siva Tatvas
, He remains the Brilliant Light in the depths and ordains these plays. BEING
as the fully autonomous has no other above Him, He is the Causal Ground unto
experience of BEING as Pure Light is a universal experience recorded in the
mystical experiences of all great mystics throughout the world no matter
historically to what religion they belonged . Among the varieties of religious
experiences, this constitutes not only the common ground but also the highest.
But it is the greatness of Tirumular that he does not content himself
with articulating this experience and singing praises of it but goes on to
provide a RATIONAL explanation of it.
as the THEORETICAL framework that EXPLAINS in a rational manner the
metaphysical experiences emerges in this verse most clearly.
is the mantra basis of this experience of BEING as Pure Light and
how does it become possible for human beings to experience that at the
height of their metaphysical journeys?
with Primordial Logos, AUM is Paranjcudar, Brilliant and Pure Light, the
Brahman of Vedanta, the Sunyata of the Buddhists and so forth. When the human
mind ascends to SEE and experience BEING with Primordial Logos as the founding
language, then BEING is experienced as Brahman, Brillliant and Pure Light. This
experience also unfolds the TRUTH that it is BEING who shape-shifts into the
Siva Tatvas - Sivan Sakti Satasivan Makesvaran VishNu Brahma and so forth
while still reaming their ordaining Power and in the form of Pure Light at the
Deepest Level. Thus the world drama is played at both cosmological and personal
level by BEING as Pure Light through the intermediary of root
archetypal forms assumed for this purpose.
But how does He assume these forms?
undifferentiated AUM, is differentiated into the various aksaras, the
primordial mantric syllables and by selected and judicious combination of them
APPEARS as the above siva tatvas Sivan Sakti cataciva Maheswaran VishNu
Brahma and so forth Himself remaining the Pure Light in being one-with
the AUM.
this is there a CAUSE above him that underlies these differentiations?
No -- there is NOTHING above Him, He is the MOST HIGH, the
absolutely ABOVE, the TaRparan, a causal ground unto Himself.
The Mantrayana of Tirumular
ã¨ÄìÌò ¾üÀà Á¡ÀÃý
¾Ã¡¾Äõ ¦ÅôÒ ¿Áº¢Å¡ º¢ÂÅ¡ó
¾Ã¡¾Äï ¦º¡øÄ¢ü È¡ýÅ¡ º¢ÂÅ¡Ìó
¾Ã¡¾Ä §Â¡¸ó ¾Â¡Å¡º¢ ¡§Á
¾ÄÁ¡¸ þÕìÌõ ¾¢Õ¾¢ø¨Äì̾ÉìÌ §Áø ¡Õõ ¾ÄÅÉ¡¸ þøÄ¡ ¾üÀÃÉ¡¸ Á¡ÀÃÉ¡¸¢Â
º¢Å¦ÀÕÁ¡§ÉþÕ츢ýÈ¡÷.«¨ÉòÐõ §¾¡ýÚÁ¢¼Á¡¸¢Âþ·Ð ¸Îí¸Éø «ìÉ¢ Áñ¼ÄÁ¡¸ þÕôÀ¦¾¡Î, «íÌ
¦ºÂøÀÎõ Áó¾¢ÃÁ¡¸ ¿-Á-º¢-Å¡-±Ûõ ´í¸¡Ãò¾¢ý Å¢Õò¾¢ ÅÊÅõ ¿¢üÌõ.þ¾üÌ ¾Ã¡¾ÄÁ¡¸ ãÄÁ¡¸
¿¢üÀР¡¦¾ýÚ Å¢Çì¸ôÒÌó¾¡ø «Ð§Å ¿-Á §À¡ì¸¢Â Íò¾ò¾¢ý Å¡-º¢-«øÄÐ º¢-Å¡- Áó¾¢Ãí¸û
¦ºÖòÐõ ÒÅÉÁ¡Ìõ. þ¾üÌò ¾Ã¡¾ÄÁ¡¸ þÕ츢ýÈ º¢Å§Â¡¸ò¾¢ý ÓÊó¾ þ¼Á¡¸ Å¢ÇíÌÅÐ ¾Â¡
̽ò¾¢ý, «Õ§Ç §ÁõÀðÎ ¿¢ü¸¢ýȸ¡Ãõ §À¡ì¸¢Â Å¡-º¢«øÄÐ º¢-Å¡ ±Ûõ Áó¾¢Ãí¸û þÂìÌõ
890 The Sivayoga
muulaikkut taRparan maaparan
taraatalam veppu namacivaa ciyavaan
taraatalanj colliR Raanvaa ciyavaakun
taraatal yookan tayaavaaci yaamee
He who has no one else as above Him is the Great Transcendent Lord of the
PrimordialGround that generates all.This ground is also the realms of intense
Fire and the mantras that rule over them is Na-ma-ci-vaa-ya. Now if one were to
describe the deeper basis of this itself it is a realm deep within ruled by the
mantras ci-vaa-ya( and its permutations). But the Final Ground of all is the
deepest realm ruled by the mantras ci-vaa and which is Full Of Love Supreme and
that towards which the journey of Sivayogaalready is .
again succeeds in unravelling the UNIVERSAL dimensions of metaphysical life of
mankind , by providing a universal and acceptable hermeneutic explanation of it
and which is thoroughly rational. Rationality shows itself in making the
unintelligible and mystical clearlyintelligible and hence thereby something one
can UNDERSTANDand appreciate.
immediate Ground of the emergent or phenomenalisthe Muulai,the basis and here
it is a said to be veppu, an intense realm of FIRE, the realm of molten
lavashooting out from the Volcanoes or something like that. This notion
immediately takes to the 'u-ri-a ' , the realms of fire spills or mu-ri-a, the
realms where emerges molten rocks as fire balls of the Sumerians as described
in the beginning lines of Suruppak's NeRi ( > 2600 B.C) . We can see that
this isalso the Agnim illee of Rig Veda, and the Kaalakni of Saivism.
stands as the Kaalakni Rudra as the Lordof this realms , a Lord unto Himself
and having no one as Above Him. He is TaRparan and is also maaparan, the Great
Lord, the absolutely Transcendent.
what is fascinating and which remains essentially Saivite to this day is
thatthis realm is said to be ruled by the mantras na-ma-si-vaa-ya , a
mantra-complexthat is recited and considered in fact the name of BEING
itself.Why is that so ?
na- stands for the aaNavam, the Black Hole that swallows all and confers DEATH,
state of beingcompletely withdrawn or non manifest. Thus it is only in the form
of FIRE of INTENSE heat and Light that BEING can VIOLATE this Satanic Force and
thereby let there be things as there , as existents.
-ma- stands for the presence of ignorance, confusions and so forth in the mind
of creatures where again only the FIRE as the illuminating Light can destroy it.
mantras ci-vaa-ya stands for the PURE REALMS, the metaphysical realms beyond
the aNavam , Kanmam and Maayai, the sources of the delimittedness ignorance
finititude and so forth of the mind. This remains always the Deep Structure of
the realms of Na-ma-si-vaa-ya, the ground of the Manifest World, the world
ofthe Five Fold Universal Praxis, generation, sustenance, annihilation,
concealment and revelation.
as the Deep Structure of this and the Deepest of all remains the reams ordained
by the mantras si-vaa and which is the golal of Sivayoga. It is the Final Home,
the Viidu , that towards which the whole metaphysical journey has been moving
untidily perhaps but surely towards nothing else.
is immensely fascinating is that it is the realm of 'tayaa' Love and Kindness
unto all, the JivakaaruNyam of VaLLalaar. The SivaYoga or theunion with the
Ultimate Ground of All is in factentering the realms of unlimited and boundless
LOVE. This state is finally attained only by the dissolution of ego-self, the
workings of the mantra ya-kaaram, that whichunderlies the creation of ego-sense.
The Mantrayana of Tirumular
º¢Åí¸û «¸¡Ã ¯¸¡Ãí¸û
¬§Á ÀÃí¸û «È¢Â¡Å¢¼õ ±ýÀ
¬§Á ¾¢ÕÜòÐ «¼í¸¢Â º¢üÀÃõ
¬§Á º¢Å¸¾¢ ¬Éó¾ Á¡§Á
¾Ã¡¾Äã¨Ä¡¸¢Â º¢üÀÃõ «¨¼ó¾¡ÕìÌ , ¯Ä¸Å¡ú쨸¢ĢÕóРŢξ¢ ¸¢¨¼ì¸, «Å÷¸û
¾¢ÕÜòиǡø ¬ðÎÅ¢ì¸ôÀ¼ Á¡ð¼¡÷¸û.þ츾¢§Â º¢Å¸¾¢Â¡Ìõ ±ýÀ¦¾¡Î, ±ùÅ¢¾ «ÅÄÓõ ±Æ¡Å¨¸
º¢Å¡Éó¾ò àöôÀ¢§Ä§Â ¸¢¼ìÌõ ¾¢Èò¾¢¨ÉÔõ ¿øÌž¡Ìõ.¦Áö»¡Éò ¦¾Ç¢Å¢ý §ÁÄ¡É »¡É¢¸û
Àæ¾öÅí¸û «È¢Â¡ þ¼õ þÐ ±ýÚ ¯¨ÃòÐ,Àæ¾öÅ ÅÆ¢À¡ðʨÉÔõ ¸¼ì¸ §ÅñÎõ ±ýÀ÷.þó¾ì
¸¼ôÀ¢üÌ Ð¨½Â¡¸ þÕì¸ìÜʨŠº¢Åò¨¾ò ¦¾Ç¢Å¡¸ ¯½Ãò ¾Õõ «¸¡Ã ¯¸¡Ã Áó¾¢Ãí¸§Ç ±ýÚõ
þýÛõ ¦¾Ç¢Å¡ìÌÅ÷.
civaGkaL akaara ukaaraGkaL
aamee paraGkaL aRiyaavidam enpa
aamee tirukuuttu adaGkiya ciRparam
aamee civakati aananta maamee
who manage to access and be in CiRparam,the final Causal Ground of all, will
not suffer being played by BEING as they are freed from phenomena existence.
This is what is termed Sivakati, being as Siva Himself and which is also a
state of Supreme Bliss where there is no suffering at all. And those who are
genuinely illuminated will declare that thisstate is beyond the reach of the
Great Gods and hence one should transcend every type archetypal attachments.And
they also declare furtherthat it is themantras akaaram and ukaaram that can
facilitate this transcendence.
of most central notions that emerged very clearly in the Bakti Period is the
notion that we are Played by the gods and that we have no way of resisting it
-aadduvittaal aaruvar aadaataaree, as Appar put it. In ordinary life we are
played in such a way that that fact is CONCEALED from us and because of which
we think we are the agentsand the actions we execute are our own. This can also
be seen as an AS-IF Play by BEING--He plays in such a way thatwe think as if we
are the agents. But when the time comes and theTRUTH is disclosed, then we realise
that we have been IGNORANT of the TRUTH and that whatever we are, it is all
because of the GRACE of BEING.
this point emerges true Bakti, LOVE unto BEING but which normally comes along
with attachments to a Great God,to one or family of archetypal presentations of
BEING. Thus emerge the religious differenceswhere the baktas are known as
Saiva, VaishNava Sakta nd so forth.
Tirumular clarifies here is that even this state of Bakti, Love unto the great
gods must be transcended andthe mind allowedto be formed by the mantras akaaram
and ukaaram alone to reach the Final Stage, to enter the HOME and enjoy Mukti
that is noted here as Sivakati,the way of Being in which the ego does not show
itself but only BEING, Siva. This is also a state of FREEDOM from the
phenomenalworld and also beyond being played and hence beyond any kind of
sufferings.The need to being played by BEING doesn't any more exist for after
all BEING plays only to bring the souls to this state and having brought them
to it, the PLAY also ceases.
state that transcends even Bakti that ismainly feeling oriented is one of
Njaanam, of metaphysical illumination. The Sivakati is also a way of Being in
which there is no more ignorance and hence a state in which the understanding
becomes the Absolute Understanding the Sivanjaanam. And this state belongs to
the mantras, akaaram and ukaaram, thePure Siva Tatvas Bindu and Natam which in
combination emerge as the illuminating LIGHT, the experiencing of which is the
Ultimate metaphysical experience.
Mantrayana of Tirumular
892 :¬Éó¾ò¾¢ý ãÄõ
ãýÚõ «È¢× þÃñÎ ´ýÈ¡Ìõ
¬Éó¾ï º¢Å¡Â «È¢Å¡÷ ÀÄâø¨Ä
¬Éó¾ §Á¡Îõ «È¢Â ÅøÄ¡÷¸ðÌ
¬Éó¾ì Üò¾¡ö «¸ôÀÎó ¾¡§É
ÅÕõ «ýÀ¢ý «ÕÇ¢ý ±Ø ¬Éó¾Óõ, ¯¸Ãò¾¡ø ÅÕõ º¢Å»¡Éò¦¾Ç¢Å¢ý±Ø¬Éó¾Óõ , Á¸Ãò¾¡øÅÕõ
»¡ÉÓõ «ýÒõ þ½íÌž¡ø ÅÕõ ¬Éó¾Óõ,¦Àñ¨Á¿Äò¾¢ý Å¢óÐ «È¢× ±ýÚõ ¬ñ¨Á ¿Äò¾¢ý ¿¡¾ «È¢×
±ýÚõ þÃñ¼¡¸ ¿¢üÌõ «È¢× ´ýÈ¡¸¢ ¿¢üÀ¾¡ø ÅÕõ ¬Éó¾Óõ º¢Å¡Â ±Ûõ Áó¾¢Ãò¾¡ø ¬ÌÅÐ ±ýÀ¨¾
«È¢ó¾¡÷ ÀÄâø¨Ä, º¢Å»¡É¢¸Ç¡¸¢Â ´Õ º¢Ä§Ã¡õ.þùÅ¡Ú ¬Éó¾ò¨¾§Âò ¾ÃÅøÄ º¢Å¡Âò§¾¡Î
«¨Éò¨¾Ôõ «È¢Â ÅøÄ¡÷¸ðÌ, þùÅ¡ú쨸§Â ¬Éó¾ì Üò¾¡ö ¬Â¢Îõ ¸¡ñ.
muunRum aRivu iraNdu onRaakum
aanantanj civaaya aRivaar palarillai
aananta moodum aRiya vallaarkadku
aanantak kuuttaay akappadun taanee
Tolkaappiyar noted more than two thousand years ago and through a critical examination
of empirical l life, all creatures seek after happiness and that this varies
according to what seek to achieve.In this verseTirumular seeks to give a
metaphysical explanation of this empirical fact in terms of Mantrayana.
is first of all the happiness that one begins to enjoy because of the feeling
of LOVE that comes to pervadeas factor of one's personality and which brings
about a social cohesion or integration with all. This LOVE overcomes theSOCIAL
ALIENATION which is itself the source of social struggles of various kinds and
hence the source of various kinds of stresses and strains.The feeling of LOVE
and as afforded by the dominance of aruL or Grace eliminates not only such
sources of distress but also creates the condition for social happiness by
making one someone whois LOVED and adored by all.
ukaaram mantra enables brave metaphysical thrusts into the DARK, into the
hidden and untrammelled metaphysical realms within and without and thereby
destroys the IGNORANCE. The ukaaram is that mantra that underlies theDEEP
CREATIVITY of an individual and hence the production and articulation of NEW
knowledge or understanding which itself is a source of delight.He who succeeds
in understanding more and more especially the hidden Depths enjoys a kind of
bliss by virtue of that fact alone.
an individual can be happy just because the dominance of LOVE in his
personality or because of the depth of understandinghe has succeeded in
gaining. However there is another kind of happiness -that which becomes
available to one by combining metaphysicalwisdom along with the human quality
of being full of Love unto all. This kind of happiness is brought about the
mantra makaaram, that which combines and coalesces.
all these ,notes Tirumular to his eternal glory, are by-products of the mantra
Si-vaa-ya, tha mantra that works to bring about Sivattuvam, Being like Siva,
absolutely Pure and shining with Sivanjaanam, the Absolute Understanding, the
Limit of all the hermeneutic endeavours of the soul,the pressure tounderstand
and appropriate TRUTH and be free of all falsities. The mantra Si-vaa-ya
installs this thrust in the soul and those who allows for itand accommodates
oneself towardsit and LIVE accordingly, says Tirumular , will enjoy the above
kinds of Bliss and will NOTsuffer from Virakti,a total disenchantment.
can bombast theworldby controlling the whole media withthe greatness of one's
own religion or the supernatural qualities of themessiah one cherishes or the
Acarya whose slave one has become or the Scripture that one has inherited as
one's own and so forth. But these are useless in terms of the JOY that can
become one's own and leadinga life full of happiness and contentment. Only when
the mind is OPEN and seeks to UNDERSTANDALL along with becoming LOVING unto all
that real happiness is to be had.
The Mantrayana of Tirumular
¸¨Ä ÅøĨÁ
þÃñÎõ Àĸ¨Ä ÅøÄ¡÷
ÀÎÅÐ µí¸¡Ãõ Àïº¡ì ¸Ãí¸û
ÀÎÅÐ ºí¸¡Ãò ¾¡ñ¼Åõ Àò¾¢
ÀÎÅÐ §¸¡½õ ÀÃó¾¢Îõ Å¡§È
On Intellectual competency
iraNdum palakalai vallaar
Paduvatu ooGkaaram panjaak karaGkaL
Paduvatu saGkaarat taandvam patti
Paduvatu kooNam parantidum vaaRee
who excel in the arts and sciences do so only because their intellect is formed
actively by the siva Tatvas natam and Bindu together. These are activated by
the Primordial Logos AUM that differentiates into panjcaakkaram
na-ma-si-vaa-ya.These praxis of the mantras are actually the Dance of BEING
where the Darkness of Ignorance is destroyed. Thos who understand this and live
in genuine Bakti will also have the Vel of Tirumurukan as the trianglular
yantra that differentiates into hexagon and so forth and spread the whole being
of the person
this verse we have the notion INTELLIGENCE given the Mantrayana explanation
that makes intelligible how one becomes intelligent with competencies to learn
and master all kindî of skills and knowledge. The intellect is formed most
immediately by the Civa Tatvas Natam and Bindu or the Yin and Yang of Taoism.
The Bindu contains everything but unless it is pierced and make to open up by
Natam, everything remains simply unrealised potentialities. So both Bindu and
Natam must dance together for intelligence to be productive and creative with
capacities not only to learn but also to produce new knowledge and hence be
inventive .
the Siva Tatvas , being simply realities inert on their own cannot be doing the
dancing, the interpenetrating embracing enveloping and so forth on their own.
It turns that they are acted upon the mantras na-ma-si-vaa-ya, the mantras that
bring about theUniversal Praxis of creative production, sustenance ,
dissolution and through these concealing and disclosing. And as the Primordial
Causal Ground or Deep Structure we have the Logos itself -- the undivided AUM.
Thus it is the Primordial Logos and its active presence in the mind that shows
itself as intelligence and the competencies to learn effectively the various
arts and sciences.
the AUM in itself, being insentient cannot move on its own. Thus we have BEING
, one with this AUM who actually moves or DANCES and because of which the
mantras split , becomes many and agitate the Natam and Binduin so many
different ways thereby producing creative and inventive intelligence.
understood this nature of intelligence, if one lives in genuine Bakti where the
Ego is NOT allowed to interfere with the functioning of these mantras and
tatvas, it so happens that the Natam-Bindu formations appear as the KooNam, the
Wedge shaped Yantras, the Spear of TiruMurukan and differentiate themselves
further into hexagons and so forth. It is only with such a differentiation of
Natam-Bindu complexes spread out that intelligence GROWS and one becomes very
competent in general intelligence.


text:
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Banded DVD and Gimmick (22 mm) by Garrett Thomas and Kozmomagic - DVD
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If you do magic with rings for "real people" (not just your magic buddies), Banded is a beautiful
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Sara Weinstock Cluster Pendant Necklace
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The fact that these reviews need to total five hundred words or more is kinda silly. One it means that I probably won't often write them, but further, it means I won't often read them, since I want a concise and quickly read summary of the performance, not a 10th grade english paper.
good value for most users, though not for heavy and / or power users.


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Collections are a JPG+ feature. You must be a JPG+ member to create new collections and to add photos to collections.
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One word sums up her dance performance: Power!
Kimberly is power-packed and full of energy.
She had power-dressing too. In the quarter-finals, she was dressed like a teenager, in bold striped tees and bangle-sized ear rings.
For the semi-finals and finals, she wore this shimmering silver outfit, with a matching silver mask in the semis and a contrasting red, furry mask in the finals.
Part of a photo essay, No kidding!
In the No kidding! photo essay.
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text: Each Tuesday in Music Matters, Matthew Linder explores the intersections of music, culture and faith. "Metal bands understand the importance of the resurrection because if it is true it changes everything."The resurrection of Christ. Not only does all of history hinge on that event but without it the gospel crumbles apart. While every aspect of the gospel is important, the resurrection in particular is what makes all the rest of gospel matter. The New Testament writers u … [Read more...]


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Not that most of them will have heard about the 29th Annual Meeting of the World Economic Forum in Davos. And not that there is anything on the agenda speaking much to their interests.
True, many of the world's poorest live in regions hit by the global capital crisis - South-east Asia and Latin America. But the response to the past 18 months of economic turmoil has been designed to make things worse, rather than better, for the poor and destitute.
The implosion of a Third World economy takes a disproportionately high toll on its poorest people. The devaluations that follow - sometimes as much as 60 or 70 per cent in a short period - have a swift impact on food production in countries where all agricultural inputs, such as fertiliser, are imported. In Indonesia, the number in dire poverty has doubled over the past year. Starvation is rising.
The debate at Davos is between those who say that globalisation is just a bigger market, which cannot be bucked, and those who want to put a brake on the huge amounts of money sloshing around on a scale that is knocking out one national economy after another: Thailand, Indonesia, Brazil, who next?
Advocates of controldistinguish between speculation and genuine investment. They insist that the world must build sea-walls against the monetary tidal waves produced by increasingly crazed movements of speculative capital. The alternative is the kind of protectionism Malaysia has introduced.
But even talk of control comes within a bigger agenda, which is to increase corporate power. The poor world needs a lot more. It needs more than a Tobin Tax (a small levy on all currency transactions, to discourage speculation at the margins). It needs the ability to discriminate in favour of those who want to invest for the long term rather than the short term.
This runs counter to the West's liberalisation agenda. It requires the kind of measures that the IMF made poor nations dismantle. Chile had a hefty tax on money invested in the country for less than 12 months. It was told to scrap it.
The truth is that themodel Davos had for Third World development has failed. Copy the Asian tiger economies, they advised. Much of the poor world tried: look what happened.
So deregulation is not the only area where the poor need a change in policy. The IMF must modify the economic "structural adjustment packages" it imposes, which axe public spending and whack up interest rates with the intention of creating stability but which in fact provoke recession. It is like trying to cure an illness by provoking a coma.
Instead of encouraging every developing country to grow more agricultural products - which has just increased supply, and caused prices to fall - they need help to diversify their economies.
They need anti-monopoly measures to regulate the handful of companies that dominate world agriculture. They need fairer treatment in the forthcoming World Trade Organisation negotiations on agricultural trade. They need a more sensible attitude to the mountain of Third World debt. But they will get none of this. Davos will only concern itself with what is, in effect, the domestic agenda of the rich.
- More about:
- Agriculture
- Economics
- International Monetary Fund
- Protectionism


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Child & Family Support Services
Connecticut Children's provides a wide range of family support services designed to make navigating medical options and managing the difficult factors of child illness easier for patients and families. Our services help parents get the information they need to make the best choices for their child, connect families with others who share their experience and provide strategies that help all family members cope with illness, hospitalization or loss. Our staff and services are always available to help families in every way possible. Child & Family Support services include:


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2002 Audi S4
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2002 Audi S4 Review
All season, all climates sports-tuned sedan or wagon that provides a stable, confident ride.
Reviewed by Automotive on
The 2002 Audi S4 is the high performance version of the Audi A4, and just as the Audi A4, it comes in a sedan and a wagon body style. From the outside, the 2002 Audi S4 Quattro and S4 Avant Quattro look just like their Audi A4 counterparts, but that is where the similarities end. Differences between the two models include the engine, brakes, suspension, and many other features that are included with the Audi S4 models that are not found in the Audi A4 as standard.
The Range
Engines: 2.7-liter V-6
Transmissions: six-speed manual, five-speed automatic Tiptronic
Models: Audi S4 Quattro, Audi S4 Avant Quattro
What's New
As a new generation of the Audi S4 is due to launch for the 2003 model year, the 2002 Audi S4 has remained unchanged for its debut.
There are subtle differences between the Audi A4 models and the two 2002 Audi S4 cars. Both the 2002 Audi S4 Quattro and Avant Quattro are fitted with 17-inch wheels that are unique to the S4. Audi has created S4 badging to differentiate between the two. On the front of the Audi S4 cars, there is a larger air intake opening compared to that found on the A4, and lastly, the Avant version is equipped with aluminum finish roof rails.
As with the interior of all vehicles produced by Audi, the interior of the 2002 Audi S4 is one of quality, luxury, and comfort. Leather upholstery and wood trim adorn the interior. With the Sport package, the seat upholstery also includes suede inserts in contrasting colors and the wood trim is replaced with silver aluminum trim. Power seats are standard, and the seats are bolstered for maximum comfort. A six CD changer and navigation system are available, and options include heated seats, a sunroof, and a hands free cellular link.
There is plenty of room for passengers and cargo in both the sedan and wagon styles of the 2002 Audi S4, although three adults will find it cramped in the rear. While both models are touted as five-passenger vehicles, only four adults can be seated comfortably. The trunk of the 2002 Audi S4 Quattro sedan is a good size, but for those wanting more space, the Avant should be their choice. The cargo space in the rear can be increased in the Avant when the rear seats are folded flat, providing a cargo area to rival some SUVs. The wagon version of the 2002 Audi S4 also comes with a retractable luggage cover and dividing cargo net to make the most of the cargo space in the rear.
Performance & Handling
Both styles of the 2002 Audi S4 are equipped with a 2.7-liter twin turbocharged V-6 engine that produces 250 horsepower and 258 lb-ft of torque. A six-speed manual transmission is standard for both versions of the 2002 Audi S4, but a five-speed automatic Tiptronic transmission is optional. The engine has been tuned by Audi to provide most of its power at lower torque values making it a spirited and dynamic car to drive, particularly with the six-speed manual transmission.
The Quattro all-wheel drive system is standard for the 2002 Audi S4 sedan and wagon. This system continuously monitors the grip of the each of the four tires, and adjusts power amongst the tires to ensure the maximum adhesion and traction.
As well as tuning the engine, the 2002 Audi S4 has a sports-tuned suspension and upgraded brakes and shocks. While the ride is firmer than the Audi A4, the precise steering and handling of the sedan and wagon make up for the slightly less smooth ride.
Standard safety equipment for the 2002 Audi S4 Quattro and the 2002 Audi S4 Avant Quattro includes anti-lock brakes with electronic brake force distribution and electronic differential lock, an electronic stability control system, a traction control system, and dual front and side airbags. Anti-roll bars are fitted to the front and the rear of both models of the 2002 Audi S4.
EPA Fuel Economy
You'll Like
- Powerful engine with low-end torque
- Acceleration
- Steering and handling
- All-wheel drive
You Won't Like
- Bland exterior
- Cramped rear seat
- Shifter needs to be more precise
- Ride can be bumpy
Sum Up
All season, all climates sports-tuned sedan or wagon that provides a stable, confident ride.
If You Like This Vehicle
- Audi A4
- Acura TL
- Lexus ES 300
- Buick Park Avenue
- Infiniti I30


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Monday, December 19th, 2016:
RELIEF EFFORT UPDATE: The last 2 weeks, though quiet, were very productive. We continued to focus on providing access to clean water; school rehabilitation and most importantly, we worked out all the details with Mairie des Cayes to help the town with debris removal. During the weeks of 12/5 & 12/12, GCF's Relief Team completed the following activities: 1. Provide Access to Potable Water
Water for life complete digging the potable water well in Tuffet - manual pump will be mounted within the next few days. We expect the population of Tufette to start using the well shortly
Our team received the a portable water purification system from Air Mobile Ministries. We were advised that the people of Ducis have no access to clean water. The unit was installed at Eglise Adventiste de Dubreuille. Please see Air Water Ministry's blog for more details.
2. School Rehabilitation: We have added one more school for rehabilitation:
Kindergarten Academie Chretienne de Collette.
We continue to work with the community of Morency to get some local carpenters to start recovering the two selected schools.
College Le Dessalinien de Lyncee-Morency
École Communautaire de Lyncee-Morency
4. Equipment for debris removal and sanitation
GCF met with the Mayor of Les Cayes to further discuss how this relief effort can support the city of Les Cayes with debris removal and sanitation. The town is not equipped at all and they have had no means of acquiring the materials needed to provide that service.
Last week, GCF disbursed the funds for the purchase 2 dump trucks for the town of Les Cayes. The two dump trucks will be used to help clean up the town - a service that is greatly needed. This is by far the most significant contribution your support has enabled. You should be proud.
Outside of this relief effort, we are are making a plea for others (individuals and organizations) to contribute to the acquisition of more sanitation equipment for the town. At this point, the absence of basic sanitation services remains a serious health risk for not only the victims of hurricane Matthew, but also the town's population. Financial Updates: Once again, THANK YOU for your tremendous support that is keeping this relief effort alive! Please remember to note our phone number: (561) 510-1113.
Your support kept this relief effort alive. Frankly, we are amazed by how much our team on the ground has accomplished with less than $100,000. On behalf of the people of Les Cayes, we THANK YOU for all that you have facilitated. please continue to encourage your friends and family to donate at www.gaskov.org. Weekly updates are published on the site. With our most sincere gratitude, Team GCF Matthew-Cayes Relief
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text: How Lovely Extra government officials are drafted in to cope with demand as thousands tie the knot across ChinaThousands of couples have flocked to marry in registry offices across China, hoping that the auspicious date will bring them good luck in their relationships. The Mandarin for January 4, 2013 sounds similar to the phrase "I will love you all my life", triggering a surge in wedding ceremonies. In Beijing it was reported that 10000 couples have tied the knot, and many more turned up without an appointment. Extra government staff were drafted in to cope with the increased demand. In Hong Kong, places at the city's five marriage registries were fully booked by September 20 last year, and some 558 ceremonies have taken place. The South China Morning Post said that while the date was popular, demand was eclipsed by December 12, 2012 when 680 couples married, and November 11 2011 when 1002 couples married. Dates with matching days, months and years are thought to bring good fortune. More than 10 million weddings take place in China each year, and the number of ceremonies peaks on dates seen as numerically important. 中國婚禮上衝"永遠愛你日" で中国の結婚式ラッシュ'はあなたが永遠に日愛' راش عروسی چینی بر روی 'عشق شما برای همیشه لطفا برای روز Fiebre de boda chino On 'Love You Forever Day' Corrida de casamento chinês On 'Love You Forever Day' Chiński szczytu Wedding On 'Love You Forever Day'


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26th Jan 2012, 08:28 | #1 |
Join Date: Dec 2011
Posts: 1,009
Raspberry Pi: the modder's dream machine?
We go behind the scenes of the Raspberry Pi project with founder Eben Upton...
http://www.bit-tech.net/hardware/pcs...ream-machine/1 |
26th Jan 2012, 09:03 | #2 |
The game known as life
Join Date: Aug 2007
Location: Stourport, UK
Posts: 720
Really looking forward to getting my hands on one of these, I am already modelling up a case for it in solidworks Will prob use it as a small media pc
OddsMonkey - Tax free earnings via matched betting (i have achieved £9k in 11months) Trident- My first case mod, Project Log |
26th Jan 2012, 09:03 | #3 |
Join Date: Jan 2006
Location: Auckland, New Zealand
Posts: 2,406
Do want - hence why I created that sketchup model!
26th Jan 2012, 09:33 | #4 |
I Mod, Therefore I Own
Join Date: Aug 2010
Location: Egham
Posts: 3,221
F Yes.
The best thing about this is video of it running XMBC and 1080 H.264 @ 30fps. Media centre dream come true. I want millions of these.
I request you to interact on this forum in a streetwise style without going against the Data Protection Act. |
26th Jan 2012, 09:36 | #5 |
Ba Ba Ba BANANA!
Join Date: Jun 2008
Location: Somerset
Posts: 1,818
This plus the XBMC "distro" sounds pure cheesecake epicness.
Plug this into my network, see the NAS and I am away! I wonder if there is a way to get my PlayTV tuner to work with it as well (I have used hacked drivers for windows before but not looked into the linux side of things). If so I could finally retire my overworked PS3 from its media duties.
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26th Jan 2012, 09:51 | #6 |
Join Date: Jul 2010
Location: Cambridge/Manchester
Posts: 1,095
I want to buy one the moment it's out. No idea what I'm going to do with it, but I want it lol.
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26th Jan 2012, 10:10 | #7 |
Join Date: Nov 2006
Location: Oxford UK
Posts: 311
Getting one for xbmc > tv
Also another to teach myself a bit more about being a geek (SHMBO is simply thrilled, btw) After that, assuming I still have a home to go to I can see many other uses
26th Jan 2012, 10:10 | #8 |
Thinking about which mod to do 1st.
Join Date: Jul 2009
Location: Liverpool
Posts: 1,478
Lovely well written, enjoyable article. Thanks for the "one stop shop" as to what the Raspberry Pi is.
26th Jan 2012, 10:14 | #9 |
Join Date: Apr 2004
Location: UK
Posts: 134
Chaps, its not quite the cheesecake gooyness of epicness! Codec support has yet to be confirmed, although we know H.264 and AAC on the audio side are included. Again this comes down to licensing costs and the need for the foundation to keep the cost of the device low.
However, having followed the project for several months now, there are some great ideas coming out of the forums and people all over the world are really embracing the idea. Myself I will buy one of the first 10,000 batch and then look to buy 1 of 2 more. Replacing my crudovision XTreamer hot, noisy media-Iwontstream-er is my first need. Then i would like to making a cheap IP security cam and web server our of a RPi and web cam. Im also wondering with the Gert board if I can use one with my telescope mount, to improve on the guiding. But that is probably a year away from even starting. |
26th Jan 2012, 10:14 | #10 |
All hail Olivia Wilde!!
Join Date: Jan 2011
Location: Birmingham
Posts: 1,659
I will show you my last design! Shall be uploaded later ^.^
Thanks for mentioning me though! Has made my day weirdly! |
26th Jan 2012, 10:18 | #11 |
Butt-kicking for goodness!
Join Date: May 2009
Location: York, UK
Posts: 3,042
Waiting for the first watercooled Pi mod.
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26th Jan 2012, 10:21 | #12 |
All hail Olivia Wilde!!
Join Date: Jan 2011
Location: Birmingham
Posts: 1,659
26th Jan 2012, 10:32 | #13 |
Sir Bongaminge
Join Date: Apr 2007
Location: Godalming, near Guildford
Posts: 2,173
All we need now is the BBC to sponsor it and we're back in the 1980s!
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26th Jan 2012, 10:38 | #14 |
I Mod, Therefore I Own
Join Date: Jun 2009
Location: Copenhagen, Denmark
Posts: 3,331
This means I could basically rip apart my surround receiver and stick this in there somewhere and have a complete surround sound + home media player in a box. I am SO getting one of these.
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26th Jan 2012, 10:51 | #15 |
Mod Master
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Location: Rochdale
Posts: 2,715
26th Jan 2012, 11:29 | #16 |
Join Date: May 2002
Location: Norfolk, UK
Posts: 9,635
I'm certainly getting one, it looks like it'll be a perfect media streamer for the front room!
:: All your PowerShell are belong to me :: |
26th Jan 2012, 11:34 | #17 |
Ook ? Ook !
Join Date: Nov 2010
Location: France
Posts: 3,277
A design contest with a RPI board to win ? ** shh shh ** ** suggestion ** ** pweez **
Forum threads: Amiga reborn - GuilleAcoustic's audio thread - Completed projects: CH Product Trackball Pro (conversion mod) Wordpress: https://guilleacoustic.wordpress.com/ |
26th Jan 2012, 11:55 | #18 |
I Mod, Therefore I Own
Join Date: Jun 2009
Location: Copenhagen, Denmark
Posts: 3,331
You could even expand on this by coupling the Pi's PSU to the surround receivers PSU and soldering the Pi's HDMI output to one of the input ports on the surround receiver. Damn this would be awesome.
Intel Core i5 2500k @ 5gHz -:- Gigabyte Z68X-UD3H-B3 -:- 2x4 gbCorsair Vengeance 1,5v 1600mHz -:- Gigabyte Windforce X3 GTX 670 -:- Crucial M4 128 gb -:- Samsung F3 Spinpoint 640 gb -:- Corsair H60 with 2x Gentle Typhoon 1850 in push-pull -:- Corsair HX650 -:- Lian Li A05FN -:- Dell U2410 flanked by 2x Dell U2001FP -:- BenQ W1000+ -:-
26th Jan 2012, 12:03 | #19 |
Trango in the Mango
Join Date: Feb 2005
Location: Cambridge, UK
Posts: 1,521
An annonymous person bought one of the beta boards and donated it to the computer musuem!
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26th Jan 2012, 12:06 | #20 |
Since ZX81
Join Date: Jun 2009
Location: Newcastle
Posts: 787
I wonder what type of stuff the GPIO can be used for? mPCIe? eSATA? USB3?
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text:
Scenic USA - California
Scenic USA offers a collection of select photographs from a wide variety of attractions, points of interest, historic sites, state and
national parks found throughout the United States. Each photo feature is coupled with a brief explanation.
For further detailed information, links to other related sites are provided.
Arch Rock
Photo by Meri Cheatham |
This scenic view from Goat Rock Beach features an interesting natural sculpture called Arch Rock. Wave action has carved its way inland, leaving behind stacks, caves and arch formations.
Copyright ©2006-2009 Benjamin Prepelka
All Rights Reserved


text:
About Sister Moon Of The Philippines by Victoria Mulato
eKindle $2.99 Print $14.95
"A thought provoking, riveting non-fiction novel of a young girl growing up in an impoverished household caught in a web of extreme poverty and domestic violence in a country devoid of cultural resources. She rescues and protects her younger siblings as she tries to save herself from their father while at the same time salvaging honor and family's dignity… A must read".
Sister Moon Of The Philippines
Xulli entered the world in a way no child should ever have to; into a family and Filipino culture of poverty, neglect, and terrible abuse. Astonishing and unforgettable, this is a captivating story about the effects of abuse on the mind of a child, the heart wrenching struggles of an impoverished family, and how a young girl strives and dreams for something better.
Born in the Philippines in the 1960s, Xulli is the first child of many. By the time she is four, she is taking care of three other siblings with both her mother and father working. In the beginning things were difficult but not desperate. But then life turns exceedingly ugly when her father begins binging on gin, spending nearly every penny he earns on his addiction and leaving his family on the brink of starvation on a daily basis.
The alcohol makes her abusive father mean. And very violent. At first, his anger is mostly directed at her mother, but after a particularly nasty beating, she flees for her life, leaving the children with him. Her father then turns his attention to Xulli and her siblings. Cruelly, he tries to teach the youngest ones that they don't need their mother or milk by putting hot peppers on the nipples of their bottles.
With her mother missing, Xulli must find a way to protect her siblings from their father and provide for their needs. Eventually her mother returns and the abusive cycle continues. Plagued by death, loss, and periods of starvation, Xulli struggles to provide for her siblings, when she is just a child herself.
Even through many horrible experiences and extraordinary challenges, her spirit shines, never giving up hope. Demonstrating an extraordinary resiliency to survive against all odds, Xulli inspires us as she finds the courage to succeed in her own life.
A note from the author:
"I have written this book to raise awareness of the wide spread domestic violence and child abuse that is so prevalent in the Filipino culture. All too often children in the Philippines are robbed of their basic human rights to an education because they have to become parents to their siblings or have been sold for money.
Through my writing and work, it is my passionate goal to help stop domestic violence and child abuse by educating the very young as well as adults about the effects of physical, emotional, and mental abuse, and show those in need how and where to seek help."
Victoria Mulato
This Non-fiction book is available in both ebook and print format.


text:
For four days Mrs. Helen Zuhars Goad MacDowell pondered a question that few women have ever had to decide: which of her two husbands did she want most? Her dilemma stemmed from the fact that the Japanese had held her first husband, Army Air Forces Lieut. Harold Goad, a prisoner without notifying the U.S. He had been listed as missing in action for a year after his bomber exploded over Burma. Last fall, the War Depart ment officially pronounced him dead, and two months later Mrs. Goad was married to Ensign Robert A. MacDowell, U.S.N.R.
Then, a fortnight ago, at...
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This thread has to deal with which is more important in game. I hear a lot about levels helping out. But I often rely on strategy because I dislike grinding. Although I do grind in gen 5 because audino make it so easy. Id go with strategy because in platinium I beat the elite 4 and Cynthia with pokes around lv.50. Ignore guides actually recommend 60+ claiming that 55- is a death sentence Lol. Suck it ign.
It depends on who you have on your team. If ou want to go through with type disadvantages then you will need higher levels. Your first time through you will be at a higher level to because you may try to catch all the guys and talk to everyone which makes you run into more pokemon