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|Topic Review (Newest First)
|Lauri & The Gang
|As long as no-one was getting hurt I would just let them be.
Originally Posted by chicagojosh View Post
Anyone care to comment on whether or not I should have let the "I'm alpha dog contest" go on? I mean, I could have just kept Sambuca seperate or caged, but at the time we got home we hadn't even heard from the owner, and didn't know how long we'd have him...possibly forever.
Raven usually lets others know to not even bother right off the bat and she doesn't care for other females so I don't allow a lot of figuring out between her and other dogs because she will take it too far.
Kaiser on the other hand is very appropriate with other dogs and much more tolerant in what others can get away with so I will let them figure it out longer.
I also usually avoid introductions with more than one dog at a time to prevent the ganging up because I know no matter what my three will back each other up, especially Kaiser and Raven.
Hi Diane,
I could see that at the MIL's. plus her dogs are 9 & 12. Ours are much younger and more energtic.
it was quite a story.
Anyone care to comment on whether or not I should have let the "I'm alpha dog contest" go on? I mean, I could have just kept Sambuca seperate or caged, but at the time we got home we hadn't even heard from the owner, and didn't know how long we'd have him...possibly forever.
also, i feel so emotional (for a guy i guess lol) about this. Like for example, Cody came and slept next to my bed. then I saw Sambuca peek around the corner like he wanted to lay by me. I didn't call him over, because I didn't want to make my boy Cody feel like I was choosing Sambuca over him. yet, I felt like man this poor guy is looking for a cuddle buddy and wants to fit in, and hated to see him walk out of my bedroom. lol
|JakodaCD OA
I'll fathom a guess, sounds like the dogs at your MIL's, even tho one didn't particularly like Sambuca, were more respectful of him so , no need to have a three ring circus..They were probably secure in their positions.
WHAT A STORY!!! LOL,,I had to laugh tho, at the vets, you pay the vet, the impound fee, that sambuca led you on a merry chase ..but a nice thing you did for him and his family I'm sure they are having a happy xmas to be reunited with their dog
|any thoughts on my questions?
|yeah he is! it's gonna be hard to see him go...
No advice, but what a handsome guy!
Rescue Story and questions
Hi all! happy holidays!
While driving from IL to OH on the freeway we saw a husky run across and almost get hit! So, we pulled over, and I ran across the freeway to get him. used beef jerkey to lure him over. he was hesitant at first, but i gained his trust quickly. by the 4th piece he was taking it from my hand.
no collar on at all, so we couldn't do much more than keep him over the holiday. we arrived at my wifes moms, and our rescue had to deal with Roxie (mother inlaw's snippy, mean cattle dog) and Pebbles - the friendly one lol. he put up well with Roxies little outbursts.
He is an escape artist and got away TWICE while we were in ohio. 1st time we opened the door after getting back from dinner and he bolted out and ran off. we chased, couldnt keep up of course, lost track of him on foot. on the way back to the house to get the car he popped out and came right up to me LOL. ok. got him back
the next day (xmas eve) the vet was open for a half day, so i took him over there to be scanned. I had his new collar and leash on him. I pop the hatch on the murano, and was READY to grab him quick......well, the sneaky little guy jumped out when it was barely open and ran off again!!!! right from the vet parking lot!!! after another 20 minutes on foot and an hour in the car looking for him, i went back to the vet. Sure enough, he came back there. they had just let him go with the sheriff to the pound. I missed him by 2 minutes!!! so now, i go to the pound, talk the sherriff out of fining me for having a loose dog, pay him impound fee, pay to have him licensed in ohio, and get theh dog back again oh yeah, he had NO CHIP either
in the mean time, we had called every sherriff department, animal control, shelter and humane society within a few counties of where we found him. none were open.
so, our holiday comes to an end. now, we have to introduce him to our dogs (Cody 3 y/o male GSD, and Mandi 7 y/o GSD/lab/husky mix). they were back at our house, being watched by my brother. After some pretty good leash introductions, we let them all off leash. What ensued was literally 2 hours of "I'm the Alpha dog contests". wresting, humping, hump attempts, neck bites, chasing, barking, howling...you name it. we watched closely and made sure things were not too aggressive, we also tried to step in if our 2 were double teamnig the new rescue.
At this point, they are all nice to each other and all, but i still cant get them to just play without it turing into a dominance/rank contest. I should add all 3 know im alpha and they are just battling for lower ranks haha. they eat together without issue, and dont fight over toys, treats, bones or water either.
why didnt hte "alpha dog contest" go on at my mother in-laws?
why does it last so dang long back at our house? you'd think they would have figured it out by now lol.... we let them do it thinking they would sort it out, but now we stop any hump attempts. little do they all know, that all this stress over new pack rank is for nothing, because the owner finally called!!!! Sambuca is the huskies name! he escaped when they broke down. and his owner is coming to get him tomorrow night
should we have not let them sort out back order with wrestling and all? again, it was like they'd rough house and all, then go drink water together. but this was not normal play, it was clear the point was to pin/hump the other one or get them to submit...
here are a couple pics of our rescue buddy...
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Congratulations! You have a little one on the way and Huggies wants to help. Explore articles and videos on everything from baby names to nursery decor. Get checklists for planning a baby shower, fun ideas for diaper cakes, and more so you can celebrate every moment of this major milestone.
Or try browsing all categories.
By Ann Douglas
The parents-to-be are about to turn the page on an exciting new chapter in their lives. Why not help them to celebrate this exciting transition by hosting a baby shower devoted to all things books and stories?
Set the mood for the baby shower by designing invitations that pick up on the books and stories motif. Design invitations that look like library cards. Or, if you prefer, go with a vintage children's book theme. Then take things one step further by including
a note on your invitations encouraging each party guest to bring along a very special gift for baby: a copy of a book that they loved during their own growing up years and that they're eager to pass along to the new arrival.
Ready to start decorating for the baby shower? Your first stop should be your local thrift shop, to load up on vintage children's books. Set aside any books that are still in mint condition. You'll want to bundle them up for baby or use them as party
favors for baby shower guests. Then turn the rest into party decorations. Here are a few ideas to get you started.
Keep your party guests entertained with activities that tie into the story glory party theme:
A is for adorable, B is for baby, and C is for cupcakes that are almost too cute to eat... (almost!). Your party guests will appreciate these delicious alphabet-themed treats,and you'll love
the fact that they're so easy to make. All you need are cupcakes, icing, and alphabet cookies (store-bought or home-made).
And here's another simple idea that ties into the party theme: book-shaped treats made up of chocolate-dipped cookies of various sizes. Assemble, serve and enjoy….
All good things must come to an end—including baby showers. You can make the fun last a little while longer for your party guests by sending them home with this memorable party keepsake. Simply dress up a glass candle with a page from a vintage children's
book and a colorful ribbon. Then set out the candles on a vintage cafeteria tray and spell out "thank you" in magnetic letters. Your guests will appreciate your thoughtfulness and your sense of style as they head home with this attractive memento.
Check out all our Huggies® Baby Shower inspiration on Pinterest and plan the perfect party! HUGGIES® Baby Shower Planner – Story Glory – Pinterest board
By Leslie Harvey, Disney Baby
Going on a Disney vacation with your baby or toddler is an exciting time for many parents — but as you might imagine, taking your child's usual gear and routine on the road can be a little tricky! One part of that daily routine is, of course, diaper changes. Where will you change Baby? What do you do if you need supplies quickly?
Luckily, we've gotten the scoop on all things diaper at the Disney parks, and there are lots of options. Walt Disney World and Disneyland make the process logistically easy, in order to help families through every diaper contingency.
For routine diaper changes, it doesn't get much easier than at Disneyland and Walt Disney World. The Disney parks and Disney resort hotels provide so many readily accessible places for a quick diaper change. You'll never have to walk any farther than the closest bathroom to find a clean and convenient changing table. There is at least one (and usually more) in every bathroom. Consider packing your own changing pad to keep things clean and comfy for Baby.
Want even more changing table space with other amenities for diaper changes? Head to one of the Disney Baby Care Centers. There's one in each park at Walt Disney World (Magic Kingdom, Epcot, Hollywood Studios, and Animal Kingdom) and at Disneyland (Disneyland Park and Disney California Adventure Park). At the Baby Care Centers, parents will find a number of additional changing tables plus plenty of baby supplies for purchase. Plus, they have quiet spots for nursing, pumping, or bottle feeding.
If you need diapers (and are in a park) simply head to the nearest Baby Care Center. The Baby Care Centers stock a limited supply of wipes and Huggies® diapers in a few different sizes. Not every diaper size will always be available, but there is always enough variety to work in a pinch. The most popular sizes — 3, 4, and 5 — are the most commonly found.
Alternatively, you may be able to find diapering supplies in regular bathrooms too. Select bathrooms in the Disney parks sell diaper-changing kits in wall-mounted vending machines for about $1.50. Those quarters you packed for pressed penny machines could do double duty for meeting your diaper needs.
One last on-property location where diapers are commonly available is gift shops. Larger shops, in places like Disney Springs or in the Disney hotels, commonly stock Huggies® diapers in several sizes just like in the Baby Care Centers.
Headed to a water park or pool? Disney has thought of that as well. There are Huggies® Little Swimmers® available for purchase in the gift shops at Typhoon Lagoon and Blizzard Beach as well as swim diapers in most Disney hotels for use in the pools.
If you need a larger supply of diapers, there are plenty of other options short of packing a suitcase full of diapers for your Disney vacation. Consider ordering diapers from an online retailer and shipping them ahead to your Disney resort hotel. Put your name and check-in date on the box and the hotel will hold it for your arrival. Or, you could look into one of the grocery delivery services in Orlando or Anaheim. Thankfully, diapers can be delivered just like any other essentials your family might need.
Bring a change of clothing or two along with you in your park daypack for any unexpected diaper messes. Pack whatever you might need to clean up Baby, your stroller (and even yourself). Also, if you need a clothing change, Disney gift shops are always nearby ready to sell you either baby or adult clothing that can double as an outfit change and souvenir.
If your toddler is potty training, keep in mind that the Disney Baby Care Centers and select resort hotels and gift shops stock Pull-Ups® Training Pants in addition to diapers. The Baby Care Centers also are the only place you can find smaller kid-sized toilets. Disney certainly makes it as easy as it can be for little ones who are potty training!
Some of the information in this post may have changed after this writing. Please visit Guest Services online at Disneyland or Walt Disney World, or ask Disney Parks Moms Panel to confirm current policies.
Image : Disney
By Bethany Kandel
Who says baby showers have to be for women only? Guys want to have fun, too, since they're just as excited about the little one on its way. Some couples may split up and do his and her showers, but others join forces and have co-ed celebrations, inviting
fathers, brothers, uncles and male friends, too.
For the best outcome, ask your better-half if he wants to join in and then come up with a theme that works for you both. You may want to stay clear of anything too "girly" and some of the traditional shower games if there will be guys attending. Not to
worry, there are plenty of activities that work for mixed genders and can be just as much–if not more–fun
Here are some party ideas to get you started:
Instead of spending hours opening presents, Mike Mohammed and his wife Ana played lots of games at their party. "We were very competitive and played guess the baby food, place the egg in the ovary (like pin the tail on the donkey) and how big is mama's
belly," says Mohammed, a new dad who wouldn't have expected anything but a co-ed baby shower before his son was born. After all, he too was becoming a parent, not just his wife, he says. "We did a BBQ with lots of food, beer, tunes and fun games we
all played together."
Here are some other games to play at a co-ed shower:
The secret to a co-ed bash is just to have fun honoring both mom and dad. "I wouldn't have changed a thing," says Mohammed, of his co-ed festivity.
Image : Getty
By Michelle Horton, Disney Baby
If you're searching around for a unique gender-neutral baby nursery theme, and you also happen to be a fan of (ahem) Disney, here's a cute idea:
The Lion King theme for a baby nursery is the perfect gender-neutral, nature-inspired, jungle-like design scheme — and with a fun, classic Disney focus.
They have an extensive collection of Lion King nursery items — like sheets, a bumper, mobile, swaddle blankets, plush blankets, changing pad covers, and
You can even buy one of these cloud B "Disney Baby Dreamy Sound Soothers" in their brand new Simba design. See more about the Simba white noise soother.
Finish off the room with animal-print valances, changing pad covers, and other decorative details.
You could also buy the IKEA LOVA leaf crib canopy ($14.99) to finish off the jungle-y look.
By: Michelle Horton, Disney Baby
If you're committed to a green lifestyle (or if you want to start being more eco-conscious), it's only natural to take this approach with your baby, too. But it can feel like an overwhelming goal when there's so much stuff to buy — so much furniture and clothes and short-lived baby gear that only lasts a few months before heading to storage. And what's eco-friendly about that?
On the other hand, you might be looking into natural baby products for the health and safety of your baby, first and foremost.
Either way, here are 8 tips on making your baby nursery a chemical-free, eco-friendly haven:
1. Use VOC-free or low-VOC (volatile organic compounds) paint in a well-ventilated room
And paint weeks before your due date so that any lingering fumes will be gone by the time your baby arrives.
2. Upcycle used furniture and decor
Although experts warn that it's best to buy a new crib that meets the recently revised safety regulations (namely banning drop-side cribs), reusing an old dresser, glider, wall art, etc. is the more eco-friendly approach. (See which other baby products are best to buy new.)
3. Choose quality wood
If you do buy new furniture — such as the baby's crib — look for furniture that uses real, solid wood with water-based finishes (preferably with an eco-friendly certification like Greenguard and/or wood that's been sustainably produced). These kinds of cribs are pricier, yet, but their heirloom quality can be passed down to future babies. Examples: Oeuf, Arlington, Nurseryworks, Kalon Studios, and many, many more. "Green" companies will highlight their features on their websites.
4. Choose wood floors over carpet
But if carpet is a must, have it delivered well ahead of time so that it can be unrolled and aired out (preferably not in your baby's room) before installing it.
5. Use organic, naturally dyed crib bedding
If you're looking to be as chemical-free as possible, don't forget about the sheets and blankets (which can contain nasty things like formaldehyde). It's always good to look for an Oeko-Tex certification.
6. Don't forget about the mattress!
It's common to hem and haw over the perfect baby crib and then impulsively buy whichever crib mattress is on sale without the kind of extensive research that a car seat — or even a baby bouncer! — might get. But the safety of common crib mattress materials was called into question a few years back, resulting in a 2009 Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act that banned several types of phthalates from crib mattresses. The common offender of crib mattresses is typically the waterproof vinyl coverings, which has encouraged companies to find more natural, eco-friendly substitutions that still keep mattresses safe and dry. So in short: Don't use a questionable hand-me-down crib mattress — especially one that was made before 2009 — and search through this Babble.com guide for a safer alternative.
7. Register for (and buy) eco-friendly baby products
You might drive yourself crazy sifting through the eco-friendly products at your local Baby Superstore — combing through reviews and labels — which is why I recommend registering through an eco-friendly store like Ecomom or Abe's Market. Abe's Market has the biggest natural baby registry, offering thousands of products plus valuable tips and advice. And Ecomom (which also offers a gift registry) does all of the research that you don't have time to do — conveniently labeling every product with symbols like "organic," "fair-trade production," "recyclable," and "vegan".
See some of my favorite eco-friendly baby gear here and here.
8. Use an air purifier/fresh air ventilation
If you're not sure which room to use as the baby's nursery, choose whichever room has the most windows for fresh air and natural sunlight. It's also a good idea to use an air purifier to reduce common irritants like dust mites, mold spores, and pet dander.
By Rebecca Levey
Planning a baby shower is a chance to show the mom-to-be how much her friends and family care for and support her. After choosing the theme, décor, food and location, it's time to get down to the details. And inevitably a key highlight of any shower is
the diaper cake. If mom has already revealed the baby's gender as a girl, you can try one of these fun diaper cake ideas to celebrate everything feminine and fun!
A garden party is a lovely way to celebrate a baby girl. For the diaper cake, you can create a whimsical garden with simple supplies from a craft store and local florist. Wrap artificial ivy vines around the diaper
tiers and layer with mom's favorite flowers. Or coordinate the floral colors with the shower theme to produce an English garden diaper cake centerpiece. Place a small bouquet right on top for the ultimate topper.
What is mom's favorite hobby, sport, or activity? Tailor the diaper cake to reflect mom's interests, which she hopes to share with her baby girl. Deck out the diaper cake in mom's favorite sports team paraphernalia
and colors. If mom loves music make a musical cake by wrapping the diapers in ribbon festooned with musical notes and printed lyrics from her favorite songs. No matter what, it's bound to be special when it's truly personalized.
What's better than a giant cake made of diapers? A cake of diapers decked out with classic children's books and characters. Make a diaper cake that's decorated with small plush toys of well-loved storybook and fairy tale characters,
and easy-to-read board book versions of the stories. Your guest of honor will leave her shower with a supply of diapers and the beginning of a wonderful library for her baby girl.
Diamonds are a girl's best friend so fête the mom with a diaper cake that is glamorous and glittery. Use plenty of sparkly ribbons to wrap the diaper tiers, or drape strands of faux pearls. Top it off with a fabulous tiara.
There's a tiny dancer on the way. Build a diaper cake with layers of pink tulle skirting the bottom layer and then use pink satin ribbon around each of the top layers to create a full ballerina tutu cake. Craft a ribbon
bouquet on top, or place a sweet ballerina doll in the center.
You can find inspiration from all different kinds of sources when designing a diaper cake for a baby girl, just be sure to incorporate it with the theme of your shower and place it where all of your guests are sure to admire it!
By WhatToExpect.com
Celebrate baby's impending arrival with your family and friends by indulging in delicious food, participating in amusing games, and unwrapping thoughtful gifts that your baby will soon enjoy. Of course, no baby shower would be complete without a decorative diaper cake, and no diaper cake would be complete without Huggies® Little Snugglers Diapers that help to keep your newborn's perfect skin clean and healthy.
The traditional three tiered diaper cake can serve as a great base for numerous creative designs. Here's how to build it:
Gather at least 6 dozen (depending on the size of your cake) diapers, both small and large rubber bands, a flat circular cardboard base, a large bottle of baby powder, and a small toilet paper roll (stuffed with paper towel to ensure stability).
From front to back, roll 10 diapers individually and secure them with a small rubber band. Place the baby powder in the center of the circular cardboard base and vertically stack all of the diapers around the bottle; secure with a large rubber band. Roll enough diapers (approximately 35) to create two more ring layers that will be stacked and secured around the previous layer(s), but be sure that the outermost layer is big enough to cover the edges of the circular base.
Using a hot glue gun, secure the toilet paper roll to the top of the baby powder bottle to create the next tier. Roll 8 diapers individually and vertically stack them around the bottle to create the first layer of the second tier; secure with a larger rubber band. Roll 14 diapers to create the second layer and secure with a large rubber band.
Roll the remaining diapers to create the top layer of the cake, using one rolled diaper as the center, and secure with a large rubber band. Place this tier in the center of the second tier. Hide the rubber bands around each tier with ribbon, and then get creative with the decorations. Here are 4 ways to transform the classic diaper cake into a beautiful baby shower display:
Secure pink tulle around each layer with double sided tape to resemble a ballerina's tutu. Place a decorative ballerina figurine, similar to the one that you'd see in a jewelry box, in the center top layer for added elegance. Find a small music box that plays Tchaikovsky's " Swan Lake" theme song (a standard music box tune) and hide it within the bottom layer of diapers, making sure to twist it occasionally throughout the celebration to entertain guests.
Trick your baby shower guests into thinking that they'll soon enjoy a slice of gourmet cake by decorating the classic diaper cake with an array of plastic flowers and ribbons to hide the materials. They'll be amazed when you
reveal that the three-tiered artwork is actually made of Huggies® Little Snugglers Diapers, which are mom-preferred over Pampers Swaddlers†.
Ideal for a winter baby shower celebration, create a snowman diaper cake by first building the classic diaper cake structure, but stop at two layers. Craft the head out of a Styrofoam ball and decorate with cut out paper eyes, nose, and mouth; or secure edible sugar cake decorating facial features to the Styrofoam ball for a more realistic touch. Place small, fallen branches or brown pipe cleaners on each side of the second diaper layer to resemble arms, top the head with a baby hat in your color of choice, and pin jingle bells in the center of the diaper layers to serve as buttons.
Assemble a classic three-tiered diaper cake and then secure a sheet of paper that is the same height as the largest layer to it with double sided tape. Tape or hot glue small rocks all over that sheet of paper to resemble the base of a water fountain structure. Cover the rubber bands securing the middle and top two layers with a small white ribbon and double sided tape. Grab two dozen (if not more) blue pipe cleaners and twirl them beginning in the middle of the pipe cleaner. Stick the twirled decorations all over the middle and top layers to resemble water spray from a fountain. Add a decorative drawer handle or brooch to the top layer to serve as a water fountain finial.
Perhaps one of the harder diaper cake to build, you'll need approximately 100 size 1 diapers, 2 receiving blankets in your choice of color, one pair of baby socks, 2 bibs in your choice of color, one plastic baby bottle and decorative ribbon. Create three circular stacks of the same size using the typical layered diaper technique and then secure with rubber bands; hide rubber bands with decorative ribbon secured with double sided tape. Make a hole in the center of each stack using your fist, and then insert one tightly folded receiving blanket into two of the circular stacks, before pulling them forward to insert and secure with safety pins into the remaining stack (tire) that should be centered in front of the two rear stacks (tires). Fold the other receiving blanket tightly and feed it through the front tire. Lay the bib on the front stack with the neck of the bib facing the rear of the tricycle. Place the plastic baby bottle on top of the bib to resemble a headlight and tuck the nipple end into the blanket. Bring both ends of the second blanket up and over the bottle, and be sure to secure with a large rubber band. Create handle bars by putting one baby sock on each end of the blanket, and then add another bib to resemble the seat with the neck of the bib facing the handle bars. Finish the trike with a decorative bow in front to hide the rubber band.
Create three stacks—one smaller circular stack and two larger oval stacks—using the typical layered diaper technique and then secure with rubber bands. Hide the rubber bands by covering them with yellow or green decorative ribbon. Hold the two larger stacks upright and connect them with a wooden dowel to allow for a sturdy base for a Huggies Natural Care® Wipes box, which will serve as the cab of the tractor, to securely rest atop of it. Tape or tie the smaller circular stack to the dowel to resemble the front tire. Hang a stuffed animal off the back of the wipes tractor cab to man the wheel and secure with double sided tape.
Purchase a cardboard wreath form (to ensure stability, a heavier weight form is preferable) and use it as your base. Roll up at least 22 diapers (depending on the size of your wreath form) individually, secure with a rubber band, and then cover the rubber band with a thick decorative ribbon using double sided tape. Place a drop of hot glue in the center of the decorative ribbon wrapped around the diaper and gently secure it to the form; continue until all diapers are secure. To amplify the look, add additional ribbons and embellishments, or secure a small stuffed animal in the lower center of the wreath form. Hang the wreath on your front door—to serve as decoration and a house marker for your baby shower guests—by strongly securing a ribbon ontothe back of the form.
To create this whimsical diaper cake, fold a large receiving blanket horizontally into fourths and lay it flat on a table. Build a triangle of diapers within the walls of the blanket by rolling at least 8 diapers (wrap each individually with a rubber band to ensure shape) and securing them flat to the blanket with double sided tape. Add another layer of 6 diapers (making sure to secure them with double sided tape) on top of the first layer and then continue by adding a layer of 4 diapers, and then a layer of 2, and finish by securing 1 diaper to the top of the triangle. Gather the ends of the blanket and tie them together in the center with a decorative ribbon. Purchase a stork that can be stuck into the top, or create your own using different colored paper stock.
You'll need approximately three dozen diapers, two large plastic flowers with embellished centers, a bib (color of choice, depending on gender of baby), a baby blanket, ribbon, pipe cleaners, and a washcloth. Use a circular cake pan or hat box cover to layer diapers to create a circular pattern, and then secure them together with a large rubber band. Create eyes with two small circular stacks of diapers made using the same technique and a smaller circular mold. Lay the larger circular diaper stack flat and then place a bib half-way over it to hide the center of the stack. Place the smaller circular diaper stacks (the two eyes) above the larger stack, and secure the entire owl (body and eyes) with a large
decorative ribbon. Fold a receiving blanket into a thin strip and drape it over the entire structure, securing it with a thin ribbon underneath the bib to keep the blanket in place. Fold the baby washcloth into a triangle and tuck it in between the two smaller circular stacks to create a hawk-like beak. Finally, tape the flowers onto the centers of the smaller circular stacks to give the illusion of eyes.
Stack diapers horizontally inside a onesie (from one side to another) to create the body of the bear, and then snap the onesie closed at the bottom. Roll up two diapers and place one in each arm hole. Additionally, roll up two diapers and place one next to each leg hole on your designated display surface (as you won't want to move the bear following this step). To create the head, start with one diaper rolled tight and then create a swirl around that diaper using other diapers laid over it. Secure the diapers to the onesie or diaper body using safety pins. To finish the bear, roll up two diapers to serve as the ears, decorate the face, as desired, and place a pacifier in the bear's mouth to increase the cuteness factor.
Whether you're looking for ideas on how to create the perfect diaper cake to add whimsy to your baby shower decorations or to gift to your favorite mom-to-be, make sure to always start with Huggies® Little Snugglers Diapers.
Image : Huggies Baby Shower Planner Pinterest
By Bethany Kandel
Your baby is on the way! While at first your little one will be tiny enough to carry around in a front pack, before long you will probably need a stroller to get around town. But what kind to get?
Which stroller you choose all depends on how you will use it, advises Vanessa Antonelli, baby gear expert and owner of NessaLee Baby boutiques. "Assess your own lifestyle," she says. "Not your best friend's, not your cousin's, not someone you read about on the internet. What do you think your own life with a baby will look like?"
Will your stroller be used on city streets or bumpy country roads? For long walks or short jaunts? Will you need to fold it to take on buses or put in the back of your car? These answers will dictate style, wheel size and important features.
Other decisions include whether you want to buy a stroller that is compatible with an infant car seat and then upgrade to a different model later. You may want a jogging stroller if you're always on the run or a double stroller if you have two children. An umbrella stroller is light and compact and good for traveling. Visit BabyWheels.net to find the pros and cons of different types of strollers.
Although you may want to do some advanced research online, Antonelli suggests that you go to a brick and mortar store that specializes in strollers to get a feel for several models and talk to an expert who knows the ins and outs of each one. You'll even be able to take them for a test drive, "just like a car" to see what feels right for you and baby.
Regina Siles did just that. "My stroller is my savior," says the first grade teacher who has traveled three continents with baby and stroller in tow since 16-month-old Stella was born. Here are some of the features she says are important when considering which stroller to buy:
You don't want something too heavy if you are carting it around. "I was looking for something I could lift with one hand," she says.
This is important if you are opening and closing it frequently. Bonus points if you can do it with one hand.
Look for a sturdy stroller that will last for years, possibly through multiple children. "With all the traveling I do, I needed something that wouldn't break at the airport."
Like driving your car, you want to feel good pushing it, says Siles. "I didn't want any cheap looking or old fashioned models. It had to be something I liked looking at."
How easy is the stroller to maneuver up and down curbs or stairs? Are the handles at a comfortable height or are they adjustable for a tall dad and shorter mom?
Ask yourself whether baby will be comfortable in it for long periods of time. Make sure it has features that work for both baby and mom including ample underneath st orage, a secure but comfy seat belt, a sun visor and rain shield.
Make sure the stroller will be easy to keep clean. "I wanted pieces to detach so I could machine wash them," says Siles.
Ask friends and family for recommendations, she suggests. But the bottom line is to actually try them out for yourself. If possible, put baby in for a spin around the store and get a real life experience before purchasing.
Image: Getty
By Noelle Kelly, Disney Baby
When I was single, I started making a list of names I liked. They were usually names I heard in a movie, or through a book I was reading. Other times, they were just names inspired from my family background. Growing up, it was important to know the meaning of names in addition to liking the name. It was a sign of how the baby's personality might be or even would encompass their lives.
Of course, when I started having my daughters, my name list changed, and my husband also had an idea of names he liked for his girls. Naming your kids is not (and should not) be an easy task, but it should be fun. Perhaps it will not be as hardcore as it was for us, because as musicians, we made sure the girls' full names had a great rhythm with the perfect amount of syllables.
Yes, I am not kidding. Our girls have no idea the time it took to name them, but we are happy! I am a blend of two cultures, so having names that are unique with a great meaning is huge for me.
If you ever have trouble coming up with names, rest assured, I can help you find some great baby names — especially Hispanic baby names.
Juliana – I have a great-aunt in Mexico whose name was Juliana, but I was not so sure of the name until I saw the spelling and also found out that a Queen of the Netherlands had the same name, which means "youthful."
Sofia – Long before the Disney cartoon, I very much loved the name because it sounded dainty and sophisticated. The meaning of the name means "wisdom" or to be wise.
Amelia – After watching the French film Amélie, I knew I wanted a similar name that was not exactly Emily, but a derivative, which means "industrious."
Isabel – In other countries, the other form of the name is Elizabeth. I knew that it was a name given to royalty. In Hebrew, it means someone who is devoted to God.
Alejandra – This name means "great conqueror" and is a beautiful Spanish name for those looking for a feminine version of Alexander.
Natalia – When I watched Natalie Wood in West Side Story, I kept her name in my journal. The Spanish version is even prettier and means "natal day," or Christmas.
Adriana – I am very familiar with this name, since I have an aunt in Mexico who is almost my age with three boys. The name emits a strong character but it means "one that comes from the sea."
Eliana – My Chilean grandmother's name was Eliana. Since she dies more than 15 years ago, I thought it would be great to name one of daughter's after her. The name means "God has answered."
Carolina – The name has such a stylish ring to it. No wonder if fits Carolina Herrera well. It means "strong."
Lucia – There is an amazing character in an opera called Lucia, but while C sound in Italian is "ch," I knew that in Spanish it would be easier to pronounce. It means "graceful light."
Lucas (or Luca) – This name has always been high on my list. I've heard it Italian films but it is also popular within the Hispanic community. It means "bright" or "shining."
Marcelo – My father's brother is Marcelo, which is a derivative of Marcus that is not as popular. I think it should be a name that is used more often for a boy. It is unique and Mars would be a cool nickname.
Gustavo – While my father usually went by Gus, I prefer Gustavo since it is much more professional and sounds what like it means: "royal staff."
Matías – I think this Spanish version of Matthew sounds a lot more unique. It is shorter and means "gift of God."
Ian – I would not have gathered it to be a popular Hispanic name, but I have always had this name on my list if we had a boy. It means "God is gracious" and is another version of Juan.
Liam – This is a shortened name for William and flows well with our last name. It is kingly and means "strong protector."
Daniel – I love the sound of it in Spanish. I remember how faithful of a person he was in the Bible. The name means "God is my judge."
Oliver – It is a well-known musical about an orphan boy, but despite it being of French origin, I love it's pronunciation in Spanish. It is quite distinguished-sounding.
Alejandro – I am a fan of Alejando Sanz' music and it is a Spanish version of Alexander meaning "defender or protector of mankind."
Diego – This is Spanish for James and means "he that replaces." It sounds very much like someone who likes to travel and is an outdoors person.
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By Joe Brewin
Thierry Henry believes Arsenal can use the FA Cup as a platform for future success.
Sunderland will stand between Arsène Wenger's side and a place in the quarter-finals when Saturday's fifth-round tie gets underway at the Stadium of Light.
Henry's first trophy as an Arsenal player was the 2002 triumph over Chelsea and the striker says the competition is the perfect starting point from which to build.
"The FA Cup is how we started," he told Arsenal Player. "The older generation started by having a good run in the cup.
"We lost in the final against Liverpool [in 2001] but we were not far from achieving something. The year before we lost in the UEFA Cup final.
"You have to knock on the door a couple of times before you do finally open it. Hopefully it can happen in the FA Cup this year and you never know what can happen in the Champions League.
"We have seen some stuff in the past that you could not believe and it did happen. Then it's vital for us to be in the top four. The fans, no disrespect to the Europa League, want to see games on Tuesday and Wednesday nights.
"We have been used to it, watching us in the Champions League against other big teams. The music, the big nights - that's what fans want and what the players want to do. Hopefully Arsenal can come back and compete next year in the Champions League."
Watch a special feature with Thierry on Arsenal Player soon.Copyright 2017 The Arsenal Football Club plc. Permission to use quotations from this article is granted subject to appropriate credit being given to www.arsenal.com as the source


text: Say "thank you" to your senator! The Senate adopted two amendments we had been seeking to the Education Reform Act of 2009 – S.B. 2216, as described in greater detail under our ed reform update. It is very important that MTA members thank all those who voted for the amendments. The first amendment, filed by Senator Kenneth Donnelly (D-Arlington), helps preserve members' collective bargaining rights in underperforming schools. All 35 senators who voted for this amendment should be thanked, as should Senate President Therese Murray, who did not vote – Senate presidents usually do not – but was supportive. The second amendment, filed by Senator Gale Candaras (D-Wilbraham), amended a provision that would have allowed superintendents to fire staff in underperforming schools for no cause. The Candaras amendment stipulates that staff may be terminated only for cause. There was no roll call vote on this amendment. The only senators who should not be thanked since they voted "no" on the Donnelly amendment are: Scott Brown (R-Wrentham), Bruce Tarr (R-Gloucester), Michael Knapik (R-Westfield) and Richard Tisei (R-Wakefield). If your senator is not one of those four, click here to send him or her a "thank you" message. If you don't know who represents you in the state senate, click here to find out.


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WQ681, New October 1995
Collection, storage and land application are major components of a complete animal manure management system to prevent water pollution. Uncontrolled runoff from cattle feedyards, hog lots, milking parlors and stockpiled poultry waste contributes significantly to high nitrate and phosphate levels in surface water and groundwater. Efficient and practical methods of runoff control are available to help protect the farmstead water supply.
Manure storage, above or below ground, is an environmentally sound management option for producers. Other benefits include improved animal health, labor savings, and more efficient meat or milk production. Efficient collection and storage can conserve the nutrient value of large volumes of manure.
Proper land application of stored manure eliminates the need for spreading on frozen ground during winter months, controls nutrient levels applied to the land, eliminates runoff and reduces liability.
This publication addresses some of the more important things to consider when evaluating sites for new animal/poultry facilities or making improvements to existing ones.
Distance from wellPlace wells in an elevated area upslope of the livestock lot, confinement facility or manure storage structure so that runoff will not drain into the vicinity of the well. The Missouri well code requires a minimum separation of 100 feet between existing livestock lots and new wells. With good farmstead planning, livestock facilities would be 300 feet to 400 feet from the house. Because the well is often near the house, it is likely there would be more than 200 feet between the well and the livestock yard.
Minimum separation distances regulate new-well installations, as well as the distance from existing wells to new sources of contamination. The law requires that existing wells only meet separation requirements in effect at the time of well construction. Make every effort, however, to exceed old requirements, and strive to meet current regulations whenever possible.
Groundwater protection is a major consideration in siting a livestock feedlot, thus soil characteristics are important. Important soil characteristics include surface and subsoil texture, soil depth, permeability and drainage class. The best site has a deep, well-drained silt loam/clay loam soil with low permeability. A poor site has shallow soil, or a high-water table, or a sandy/gravelly soil with excessive drainage and high permeability. (For help in assessing your site's vulnerability to groundwater contamination, see Worksheet #8, MU publication WQ658, Reducing the Risk of Groundwater Contamination by Site Evaluation.
For existing open lots on poor sites, the best options for protecting groundwater might be eliminating the lot and using total confinement for the livestock or providing paved lots and liquid-tight basins to store lot runoff.
One way to reduce water pollution from livestock lots is to reduce the amount of clean water entering the lot. In all cases, maintain diversion structures.
Some methods and practices for diversions
A livestock lot without a runoff-control system typically has an earthen surface compacted by animal traffic. This surface is not shaped for water drainage, so it is sometimes dry and sometimes muddy. Manure typically accumulates on the surface, and decaying manure is mixed into the soil by animal traffic.
Water running off concrete pads located near barn doors or feed bunks and clean water from roofs and upslope areas can flush manure from the yard and create mudholes.
This type of lot is difficult to manage, and the absence of runoff controls may lead to water quality problems. Contaminated runoff from an active feedlot that accumulates in areas adjacent to the lot may flow through the soil and threaten groundwater quality. This risk is particularly high on sites with high infiltration and percolation rates, such as sandy soils and other soils with good-to-moderate drainage.
Runoff-control systems can remedy such problem situations. These systems collect livestock-lot runoff, settle out manure solids and direct the remaining water to open fields or filter strips, away from streams, ditches, waterways and areas of permeable soils and creviced bedrock. Another option is to collect and store runoff for later land application. Figure 1 shows a typical livestock-yard runoff-control system.
Figure 1Typical livestock-lot runoff-management system. Adapted from Barnyard Runoff Management, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection, 1987. Adapted by Leonard Massie, with graphic assistance by Andy Hopfensperger, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Agricultural Engineering.
Clean livestock lots regularly. The amount of manure on a livestock lot depends on the number of animals and the hours per day animals spend on the lot. Cleaning and scraping at least once a week is preferable. Heavy concentrations of animals may require solids removal more often. Concrete surfaces are easier to clean than earthen lots. Earthen yards are cleaned when dry, so solids may be removed less frequently.
The area needed per animal to minimize the risk of groundwater contamination depends on the type of lot surface. The amount of concrete surface area needed is much less than that required for an earthen lot.
The concrete area needed is a balance between traffic on the lot and resting area provided for animals. Too large an area results in manure freezing to the surface for long periods although too small an area will result in animals having difficulty moving about.
For dairy operations, the best protection for groundwater is to confine animals to a freestall barn or roofed lot. Where a lot is needed, 75 square feet of fenced concrete per cow is recommended (400 square feet of earthen surface) and roughly 2,000 square feet of exercise area, if one is used. Carefully direct runoff water from the concrete onto the earthen area. Curbs will keep runoff from flowing off the edges of the concrete area.
Lot management involves considerations other than surface-water and groundwater protection. A combination of lot surfaces can offer the most flexibility in adapting to weather conditions. You may choose livestock location based on the amount of mud in the lot: on concrete in sloppy conditions, on an earthen surface in dry weather and on a mound in intermediate conditions.
The type of surface also affects management. Earthen lots, for example, might be cleaned only once or twice a year.
If bedrock is close to the surface where your livestock lot is located, pave the surface with concrete, or totally confine livestock.
Studies have found little nitrate in the soil of active feedlots. With active feedlots, the subsurface soil is generally packed tightly, forming a layer though which water moves slowly. A mixed layer of manure and soil placed on top of the compacted subsurface soil will have minimal nitrate and bacteria leaching.
Abandoned feedlots can pose a particular groundwater-contamination risk. As the manure and soil mixture breaks down, from lack of use and weather conditions, the potential increases for nitrogen-rich water to leach through and reach the groundwater.
If you have a permanently abandoned lot, dig it up, spread the manure and soil mixture on fields and refill the former lot with other material or soil. Another option is to plant a high-nitrogen-using crop that will use the nitrogen released by the manure soil decomposition process. Remove any manure from the lot that will not be used within a short period of time. Otherwise, cracks may develop in the surface and allow leaching of nitrates.
Long-term storageLivestock manure can be stored either in solid, semisolid or liquid states.
Liquid and semisolid storage systems are self-contained. Groundwater contamination can occur if the facility is not structurally sound and allows waste materials to seep into the soil. A threat to surface water exists if pits or lagoons are allowed to overflow. Liquid storage systems require the use of pumps and pipes for moving wastes from the barn to the storage structure. These must be carefully installed and maintained to ensure that they do not leak.
Each time they are emptied, carefully check steel and concrete structures for dracks or the loss of watertight seals. If any breaks are apparent, repair them immediately. Likewise, check the bottom and side slopes of earthen waste-storage structures to be certain that liner materials have not been eroded away by pit agitation.
After a period of years, freezing and thawing as well as wetting and drying may cause the sidewalls of earthen pits to crack and erode, allowing manure to seep into the underlying soil or subsurface geologic material. Earthworm channels also allow wastewater to move through the liner. Groundwater contamination will result if the subsurface materials do not have sufficient ability to break down contaminants contained in the leachate. Evidence suggests that the design life for earthen structures is probably 10 years to 30 years.
It is not easy to recognize seepage from in-ground waste-storage facilities. The absence of liquid within a storage pit that requires yearly pumping may be the only indication of a leaking in-ground storage lagoon.
Some facilities for storage of solid or semisolid manure are designed to allow seepage from the manure stack. In these instances, the design must include storage and treatment facilities for the waste that seeps out. If conditions allow, structures such as settling basins or terraces can be used to hold back solids, and concrete or earthen storage basins can be used to store the liquid runoff. Don't consider these systems on sites with coarse-textured soils, creviced bedrock or shallow water tables.
The best way to handle seepage is to channel it into a watertight holding pond or storage tank. In those areas where sufficient soil is unavailable for the construction of filter strips, or where the construction of a holding pond is not feasible, another option is to build a roof over the structure to eliminate additional water being added to the manure stack. Roofed storage systems require adequate bedding to absorb and retain the liquid portion of the manure.
Short-term storageShort-term storage (usually 60 days to 90 days) is an important option available for farmers. It allows them to hold livestock manure during periods when daily spreading may not be feasible. Short-term storage is restricted primarily to solid manure and has the disadvantage of handling the manure twice. Designs are available, though, for structures for short-term storage that facilitate handling and provide effective protection for surface water and groundwater.
Many farmers scrape manure into piles in the livestock lot rather than haul it during bad weather or busy work periods. This practice is not recommended either because of possible herd health problems and water problems. The severity of those problems depends on characteristics of the livestock yard area where the manure is piled and the area to which runoff flows. Regulations governing milk production do not allow milking cows to come in contact with stacked manure.
Many farmers have open housing for young stock, such as pole sheds, where manure is allowed to accumulate for extended periods of time. Roofs on these structures keep rain and snow off the manure. These structures are relatively safe for water quality if they are protected from surface-water runoff and if adequate bedding is provided to absorb liquids in the manure. To minimize water quality problems, provide adequate bedding to reduce seepage and clean these sheds as frequently as possible.
The location of livestock manure storage in relation to any well is an important factor in protecting the farm water supply. For most livestock manure facilities, the minimum separation distance (found in Missouri Private Well Construction Standards RSMo 256.600) is 100 feet; 300 feet is preferred.
Observing these separation distances and placing manure-storage facilities downslope from wells is important for protecting your water supply. (For more information about separation distances and how the condition of your well might affect the potential for contamination, see MU publications WQ651, Assessing the Risk of Groundwater Contamination From Drinking-Water Well Condition and WQ675, Reducing the Risk of Groundwater Contamination by Improving Drinking-Water Well Conditions.
Observing these minimum distances may help protect your own well, but poorly designed or poorly maintained livestock manure storage facilities still could contaminate the groundwater that supplies other local drinking-water wells. Protecting the groundwater resource as a whole can help protect your neighbors' wells, as well as possible drinking-water supplies for future generations.
Depth to seasonal high-water table or fractured bedrock, along with soil type at the waste-storage location, is another important factor. These are among the site vulnerability characteristics in MU publication WQ658,Reducing the Risk of Groundwater Contamination by Site Evaluation.
Depth to water table sometimes is available in the county soil survey, but this varies from county to county. Your local MU Extension specialist or Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS, formerly Soil Conservation Service) also may be able to help you gather this information. You also can request this information from the Division of Geology and Land Survey, P.O. Box 250, Rolla, Mo. 64501, 573-364-1752.
Abandoned manure storage pits, especially earthen ones, can pose significant water quality problems. Any abandoned structure should be completely emptied. In the case of earthen manure-storage facilities, liner materials (to a depth of about two feet) should be removed and spread over croplands. The remaining hole should be filled and leveled. Manure packs from pole sheds no longer in use also should be removed and the manure land-applied. If manure is stacked in fields, remove it as soon as conditions permit. Check with the Missouri Department of Natural Resources (DNR), your local MU Extension center or the NRCS for information on closure of livestock facilities. You also can refer to the closure regulation, 10 CSR 20-6.015, Section 12, for specifics on livestock manure facility closure.
Wastewater from the dairy milking center, including wastes from the milking parlor (manure, feed solids, hoof dirt) and milkhouse (bulk tank-rinse water and detergent used in cleaning) commonly is disposed of by channeling the waste to a livestock waste management system. The material may be pretreated in an aerobic lagoon before it enters the livestock-waste storage facility. Human waste from the milking center may be mixed with livestock waste if it receives the equivalent of secondary treatment (aerobic lagoon or aerated septic tank) before it enters the system managing animal manure. This is allowed under a Memorandum of Understanding between the Missouri DNR and the Missouri Milk Board.
From an environmental perspective, delivery of milking-center wastewater to a manure-storage facility, if available, makes the most sense. Discharge options are: field application, overland flow, or slow surface infiltration.
Your drinking water is least likely to be contaminated if you follow appropriate management procedures or dispose of wastewater in any location off the farm site. However, proper offsite-disposal practices are essential to avoid risking contamination that could affect the water supplies and health of others.
Milking-center wastes and manure can be combined as liquid-manure and stored in a properly constructed storage facility to provide additional flexibility of storing wastes until they can be applied at the right time to the right sites (Figure 2).
Figure 2Earth basins for manure and dairy wastewater storage. Source: MWPS 7, Dairy Housing and Equipment Handbook, Midwest Plan Service, Ames, Iowa.
This option is limited, however, to farmers who handle their manure in slurry form. Although it adds to transportation and spreading costs, nutrients from dairy wastewater can be used to meet crop requirements, thus reducing fertilizer costs.
Apply milking-center wastes with manure to fields at rates that do not exceed crop needs for nitrogen. Take care, however, to keep soil phosphorus levels from accumulating to levels that will harm crops.
Milking-center wastewater combined with seepage (from solid-manure storage or livestock lot runoff) can be stored in a holding pond (Figure 3). You can apply the contents of the pond to fields when conditions are appropriate.
Figure 3Detention pond for storage of dairy wastewater and livestock-lot runoff. Source: MWPS 7, Dairy Housing and Equipment Handbook, Midwest Plan Service, Ames, Iowa.
Pretreatment is mandatory if human waste from the center is to be added to the livestock-waste management system. The septic tank provides a place for bacteria to decompose some wastes before they enter the waste-storage facility. This process causes a scum to form on top of the water in the septic tank. Removing the scum layer every few weeks can keep the system operating more efficiently. Solids should be cleaned from the tank every few months to avoid sludge build-up and to prevent wastes from backing up into the milking center.
Removing solids before washing into a settling tank requires extra effort, but it reduces the rate of solids accumulation, which can extend the period between tank cleanouts.
Passing wastewater through a shallow treatment pond (also called a facultative lagoon) results in a more thorough pretreatment. Algae growing in the pond generate oxygen, which can help decompose organic compounds without obnoxious odors.
Solids that settle to the bottom of the pond usually decompose in the absence of oxygen. To prevent groundwater contamination, such ponds must be built of an impervious material, such as packed clay, concrete or synthetic liner.
If human waste is not included in the milkhouse waste, the wastewater can be discharged directly into a lagoon without first going through a settling tank.
Land application is the predominant method of utilizing animal manure. Solid or slurry manure is applied with hauling equipment. Liquid manure (lagoon effluent) is land-applied by irrigation. When properly managed, land application allows for safe use of animal manure and beneficial use of the nutrients and water by vegetation. Apply both solid and liquid wastes to land using rates and methods that prevent surface runoff of pollutants and leaching of pollutants to groundwater.
The amount of manure applied to the land surface is determined by a soil analysis and a plan for how crops would use the manure. Application rates should not exceed the nutrient or moisture needs of the plants growing or to be grown at the site, and applied nutrients should be credited in the fertilizer program for the site.
The Missouri DNR has established required and recommended guidelines for separation distances for systems of livestock manure management. These separation distances apply to both waste-storage structures, such as lagoons, and to the areas on which manure is land-applied.
Special circumstances may dictate that separation distances be greater than shown, and these are evaluated on a case-by-case basis. Separation distances determined by Missouri DNR for storage structures and manure application are listed in Tables 1, 2 and 3 of Worksheet #7, MU publication WQ657, Assessing the Risk of Groundwater Contamination from Animal Manure Management Facilities.
Silo design and constructionSilo construction for most agricultural uses is not regulated in Missouri. Most silos built today have interiors made of concrete or, in the case of oxygen-limiting silos, a glass-like coating over steel. Silage stored in glass-lined silos typically has a lower moisture content and poses a low risk of groundwater contamination. It is possible, though, for some liquid to leak out.
Silo bags generally store silage of higher moisture content. Liquid can pool in the bag and leak out when it is opened.
Horizontal trench silos excavated into the ground may affect groundwater, especially in coarse soils and sites close to the water table. Properly compacted clay soils and concrete floors can limit leachate seepage.
The type of silo on your farm often has less effect on its potential to contaminate groundwater than the condition of the silo. For example, an old wooden silo with an earthen floor poses a higher risk than a concrete horizontal silo with a concrete floor (Figure 2). Older structures can be relined to make them relatively watertight.
Silo caps or covers keep rainwater from entering the silage. This preserves a quality silage and reduces the potential for producing leachate. Horizontal or trench silos should be covered with a plastic sheet. Tires can be used to keep the cover in place.
It is important to divert clean water away from new and existing silage-storage structures. For both vertical and horizontal silos, diverting clean water away from silage can protect both groundwater and surface water.
Farmers can use several methods to reduce leachate production from silage. The most effective is allowing the material to wilt in the field for 24 hours. Although this may not be possible in humid conditions, it can reduce moisture content by 10 percent and leachate production by 85 percent. Other methods include varying cutting and harvesting times, cutting or crimping the materials or adding moisture-absorbent materials to the silage as it is stored.
Adding absorbent materials not only reduces leachate, but it also raises the nutrient value of the silage. Materials to use include oatmeal, dried sugar-beet pulp, dried corn cobs, ground corn, newsprint and bentonite clay. Most of these materials will absorb from one time to three times their weight in water, and, to be effective, enough must be added to absorb the anticipated leachate.
Silo locationTo prevent possible well contamination, place silos as far away from wells as practical. Keep plastic storage tubes and new glass-lined silos at least 75 feet away from a well. Silos with a pit, or without a pit but with a concrete floor and drain, must be at least 100 feet from a well. Earthen trenches or pits must be at least 100 feet away from a well.
Minimum separation distances regulate new-well installations. Existing wells only are required by law to meet separation requirements in effect at the time of well construction. Make every effort, however, to exceed "old requirements," and strive to meet current regulations whenever possible.
Leachate can be collected from tower and horizontal silos by channeling the liquid into a water-retention structure, usually a pond lined with concrete, clay or plastic. Drain tiles around tower silos can be used to collect any seepage from the silo.
Horizontal silos use channels to direct seepage into a collection area. Contact your local MU Extension center for help with design.
The most cost-effective disposal method is land spreading. Nitrogen in leachate has significant fertilizer value if applied during spring or early summer.
Because of its high organic content, leachate can burn grasses and remove oxygen from the soil. Farmers who consider land spreading should consult an agronomy specialist to determine how much leachate can be safely spread on each field.
Missouri has enacted legislation to regulate livestock manure discharge. All concentrated livestock facilities must have a waste-management system. Larger producers and producers who have been cited by Missouri DNR must have a permit to construct and operate a facility. Currently, confined-feedlot regulations are being revised by DNR.
If animal manure storage causes any significant water contamination, the DNR can issue a notice of discharge, which may require corrective measures. Contact your local MU Extension center or NRCS for assistance. Your county Farm Services Agency (FSA) office may provide cost-share funds for the construction of livestock manure management facilities.
An acceptable Farmstead Assessment ranking does not necessarily guarantee regulatory compliance.
Design assistance and technical standards for runoff-control systems, structures for animal manure storage, silo construction and milking-center wastewater storage
Cost sharing funds
Animal manure management
Review of construction plans
Publications are available from sources listed. Refer to number in parenthesis after each publication.
Livestock lots
Health effects of nitrate in groundwater
Design criteria, yard management and general information
Health effects of livestock manure in groundwater
Handling, management and storage of livestock manure
Planning and design of livestock manure storage facilities
Silo construction guidelines
Design criteria and general information
Designing wastewater treatment systems
Order publications online at http://extension.missouri.edu/explore/shop/ or call toll-free 800-292-0969.


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Find an alphabetical listing of standards development bodies and standards-related terminologies including acronyms and abbreviations.
Visit other standard-related sites below for more information.
acronym directory (PDF, 208 KB)
Alphabetized by acronym, this directory will help you identify the full name of ANSI accredited standards developers referenced in this site.
Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS)
The ATIS is a U.S.-based organization that promotes and develops technical and operations standards for the communications and related information technologies industry worldwide. Some of the current activities include developing interoperability and interconnections standards between IPTV systems and services, and Next-Gen network standardization effort.
American Association for Artificial Intelligence
The American Association for Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) is a non-profit scientific society devoted to advancing the scientific understanding of the mechanisms underlying thought and intelligent behavior and their embodiment in machines. AAAI also aims to increase public understanding of artificial intelligence.
American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
Promotes the use of U.S. standards internationally, advocates U.S. policy and technical positions in international and regional standards organizations, and encourages the adoption of international standards as national standards where these meet the needs of the user community. ANSI accredits Standards Developing Organizations (SDOs) domiciled in the United States. One can also find information and training on the standards development process.
American Society of Industrial Security (ASIS)
The largest international educational organization for security professionals, with over 30,000 members worldwide. ASIS is dedicated to increasing the effectiveness and productivity of security professionals by developing educational programs and materials that focus on both the fundamentals and the most recent advancements in security management.
American Society for Civil Engineers (ASCE)
The Codes and Standards Program of ASCE develops consensus standards on a variety of topics for the civil engineering profession.
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
ASME produces and maintains approximately 600 codes and standards, covering a multitude of technical areas including boiler components, elevators, hand tools, fasteners, and machine tools.
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
ASTM International is a voluntary standards development organization for technical standards for materials, products, systems, and services. ASTM International standards have an important role in the information infrastructure that guides design, manufacturing and trade in the global economy.
British Computer Society (BCS)
The chartered body for IT professionals. The Society is concerned with the development of computing and its effective application. Under its Royal Charter granted in 1984, it also has responsibilities for education and training, for public awareness, and above all for standards, quality and professionalism.
British Standards Institute (BSI)
BSI ensures the views of British industry are represented in international standards bodies. BSI's BS7799 (part 1) is the model for the ISO 17799 IT security standard.
Canadian Standards Association (CSA)
The CSA develops standards in Canada focusing on areas such as electrical/electronics, public safety and health and environmental protection.
CanCERT (Canada)
CanCERT is Canada's first national Computer Emergency Response Team. CanCERT is committed to client confidentiality and the improvement of IT security.
Communications Security Establishment (CSE) - Cananda
The Communications Security Establishment (CSE) is a federal government lead agency that delivers Information Technology Security (ITS) solutions to the government of Canada. It features the Common Criteria Evaluation and Certification Scheme (CCS), which is a Canadian independent third party evaluation and certification service for measuring the trustworthiness of IT security products.
Communications Security Establishments (CSE)
A Canadian organization dealing with Information Technology Security (ITS) (Government of Canada public key infrastructures, Annual Canadian ITS symposium, Awareness and education, Government of Canada ITS Strategy).
Computer Ethics Institute
CEI is a nonprofit research, education and policy study organization formed to address ethical issues emerging from the rapid development of a society dominated by information and dramatically affected by technologies.
COSO Enterprise Risk Management Integrated Framework
The Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) Enterprise Risk Management Integrated Framework describes the essential components, principles, and concepts of enterprise risk management (ERM). The principles-based framework enables organizations to identify all aspects that should be present in their ERM program and describes how they should be implemented.
Electronic Industries Alliance -USA
The Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA) is a national trade organization that includes U.S. manufacturers, representing more than 80% of the US$550 billion electronics industry. The Alliance is a partnership of electronic and high-tech associations and companies whose mission is promoting the market development and competitiveness of the U.S. high-tech industry through domestic and international policy efforts. EIA comprises more than 2,300 member companies whose products and services range from the smallest electronic components to the most complex systems used by defense, space and industry, including the full range of consumer electronic products. The industry provides more than 2 million jobs for American workers.
European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)
A private sector standards development organization accredited by the European Union to write Pan-European standards for Telecommunications.
ETSI - Telecom Standards
A non-profit making organization whose mission is to produce the telecommunications standards that will be used for decades to come throughout Europe and beyond.
European Union (EU) Dependability Development Support Initiative
Information about the Dependability Development Support Initiative (DDSI), an 18-month European Union project that developed critical infrastructure protection assessment plans for the EU member nations, in conjunction with the United States, Japan, and other European nations. The DDSI site provides information and papers on project findings and recommendations, including establishing networks of interest, providing security baseline data, and devising policy roadmaps. DDSI held its final conference in Brussels in Oct. 2002.
European Commission (EC)
Seeking to identify a common standard for all Europe for IT security.
European Computer Manufacturers Association (ECMA)
An international, Europe-based industry association founded in 1961 and dedicated to the standardization of information and communication systems.
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
The FAA provides information and status on more than 5,000 FAA, DOD, military, and commercial standards and specifications used by the FAA in contracts, Information Technology (IT), architecture, acquisition, etc. What is the current version of an FAA standard? Which standards apply to information security?
Generally Accepted System Security Principles Committee (GASSP)
Formed in response to the report "Computers at Risk," published by the U.S. National Research Council in 1990. That recommendation, "To promulgate comprehensive generally accepted system security principles," sparked the genesis of a concerted effort to establish a well-balanced committee population representing key elements of the private and public sectors from both the United States and abroad. A subsidiary of International Information Security Foundation (I2SF). GASSP Pervasive Principles and Broad Functional Principles are now published on the MIT Web site. Printed copies are available from Auerbach Publishers and the Computer Security Institute.
German Information Technology Baseline Protection Manual
The German Federal Agency for Security in IT (BSI - Bundesamt fur Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik) provides the IT Baseline Protection Manual in German and English (freely downloadable 1680-page PDF). The five main sections are:
The above is a search Website and may be used to locate products and services, learn about suppliers, and access technical content on standards, patents, specifications, designs, application notes and more.
Gold Standard for Windows 2000 Professional
Consensus minimum security benchmarks for the Windows 2000 Professional operating environment are accepted by the U.S. National Security Agency (NSA), Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA), the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST), the National Infrastructure Protection Center (NIPC), the General Services Administration (GSA), the SANS Institute, and the Center for Internet Security. (See DISA IANewsletter: Gold Standard for Windows 2000 Professional.)
Guidelines for the Security of Information Systems (OECD)
In 1990, the Information, Computer and Communications Policy (ICCP) Committee of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) created a group of experts to prepare information security guidelines. The final version of the Guidelines for the Security of Information Systems was adopted by the 24 OECD Member countries in November 1992. OECD Guidelines have been adopted or adapted by NIST, GASSPC, IFAC, IIA, NACD, and other organizations.
Information Security Forum (ISF)
ISF is an independent association of organizations concerned with protecting business information and finding practical solutions to information security problems. ISF offers research publications on security topics, an annual congress, and a bi-annual information security status survey.
Institute for Security and Open Methodologies (ISECOM)
The Institute for Security and Open Methodologies (ISECOM) provides collective information and tools under the open source licenses for free public use. This information is provided via the Internet and through social venues and conferences. ISECOM is a think-tank for developing new open standards and methodologies largely in security. All standards are open for international peer-review and are regularly updated to meet the demands of new technologies and the processes derived from them. The site provides news, mail list server, educational events, discussion forum, and certification.
Institute for the Certification of Computing Professionals (ICCP)
Dedicated to the establishment of high professional standards for the computer industry, it promotes these standards by offering the only broadly applicable and internationally recognized certification program in the profession. Its examinations provide a practical means of assessment and achieving professional recognition.
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Standards Association (IEEE-SA) is the leading developer of global industry standards in a broad-range of industries, including Information Technology, Power and Energy, Telecommunications, Transportation, Medical and Healthcare and Standards for new and emerging technologies such as Nanotechnology. In addition, to advance the theory and practice of electrical, electronics and computer engineering and computer science, IEEE sponsors conferences and symposia and meetings and publishes significant technical papers and standards. The IEEE developed the prominent 802® Standards for Local and Metropolitan Area Network Wireless and Wired networks. The 802® standards are available for free download from the Get IEEE 802® Web site.
IEEE has forty-two technical societies and technical councils many of which have groups actively working on developing standards. Here is a listing of several key groups who have publicly viewable Web sites.
IEEE also offers a wealth of material on the standards development process. Here are a few useful Websites:
Institute of Electrical Engineers (IEE)
Represents the public, professional and educational interest of over 140,000 electrical, electronic and manufacturing engineers worldwide. Key activities include publishing, the organization of conferences, maintenance of technical standards, interaction with government departments and the provision of scientific and technical information services.
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
Provides information on electrical, electronic, electrotechnical international standards.
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
ISO is a network of the national standards institutes of 148 countries, on the basis of one member per country, with a Central Secretariat in Geneva, Switzerland, that coordinates the system. Well known for ISO 9000 and ISO14000 standards.
International Telecommunications Union (ITU)
The ITU headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland is an international organization where governments and the private sectors coordinate global telecom networks and services. It is a leading publisher of telecommunication technology, regulatory and standards information. It has three sectors: ITU-T, ITU-R, and ITU-D.
International Webmasters Association
Provides and fosters professional advancement opportunities among individuals dedicated to or pursuing a Web career, and to work diligently to enhance their effectiveness, image, and professionalism as they attract and serve their clients and employers.
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is a large open international community of network designers, operators, vendors, and researchers concerned with the evolution of the Internet architecture and the smooth operation of the Internet.
Internet Security Alliance
The Internet Security Alliance (ISAlliance) provides a forum for sharing information about information-security issues and threats and works to identify and standardize security best practices and solutions. ISAlliance is a collaboration between the Electronic Industries Association and Carnegie Mellon University's CERT Coordination Center and Software Engineering Institute.
Internet Society (ISOC)
The Internet Society (ISOC) is a professional membership society with more than 150 organization and 11,000 individual members in more than 182 countries. It provides leadership in addressing issues that confront the future of the Internet, and is the organization home for the groups responsible for Internet infrastructure standards, including the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and the Internet Architecture Board (IAB).
ISF Standard of Good Practice for Information Security
The Standard of Good Practice for Information Security is produced by the Information Security Forum (ISF), an international membership association of more than 260 organizations, which fund and cooperate in the development of research in information security. The free publication promotes good practice in information security worldwide, helps organizations improve their level of security and reduce their information risk to an acceptable level, and assists in the development of practical and effective standards for reducing information risk.
National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA)
NEMA publishes over 500 standards and offers them for sale through Global Engineering, along with certain standards originally developed as American National Standards Institute (ANSI) or International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards.
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
NFPA develops, publishes, and disseminates more than 300 consensus codes and standards to help minimize the possibility and effects of fire and other risks.
National Information Standards
Develops and promotes technical standards used in a wide variety of information services.
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
NIST technology, measurements, and standards help U.S. industry invent and manufacture superior products reliably, ensure a fair marketplace for consumers and businesses, and promote acceptance of U.S. products in foreign markets.
National Physical Laboratory
UK's national measurement standards laboratory. It holds and maintains the UK reference standards for the basic units of mass, length, time, temperature, luminous intensity, and electrical current, as well as many of the derived units. It also undertakes research and development to meet the needs of new industries, such as information technology and materials.
National Security Institute
The National Security Institute's Web site features industry and product news, computer alerts, travel advisories, a calendar of events, a directory of products and services, and access to a virtual security library. Security technology, legislation, intelligence community, and terrorism.
NSSN: A National Resource for Global Standards
Provides standards information to a broad constituency. Acts as a one-stop information repository.
The Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS) is an industry consortium that develops technical standards for electronic business applications. OASIS developed the extensible markup standard (XML) and continues to develop XML specifications for many applications.
OECD Guidelines for the Security of Information Systems, 1992
A foundation upon which countries and the private sector, acting independently or in concert, may construct a framework for security of information systems. GASSP, IFAC, and NIST principles are based on these guidelines.
Open Group
The Open Group is an international vendor and technology-neutral, not-for-profit consortium offering organizations concerned with open information infrastructures a forum to share knowledge, integrate open initiatives, and certify approved products and processes in an impartial manner. Open Group offers certification, testing, forums, initiatives, conferences, research, and membership.
Open Platform for Security (OPSEC)
OPSEC is an open, multi-vendor security framework for providing best-of-breed integrated applications and deployment platforms. Lead company Checkpoint Systems offers two product interoperability certification programs, "Check Point OPSEC Certified" for applications and "Secured by Check Point" for platforms.
PictureTel Standards Page
Provides information on videoconferencing standards and telecommunications standards, and is intended to provide the standards community with a single point of access to the many industry activities associated with the development of videoconferencing standards.
Project Management Institute (PMI)
PMI is a nonprofit professional association in the area of project management. PMI establishes standards, provides seminars, educational programs, and professional certification for project leaders.
Scientific and Technical Information Network (STINET)
Public STINET provides access to citations of unclassified unlimited documents that have been entered into the Defense Technical Information Center's (DTIC) technical reports collection from December 1974, as well as the electronic full-text of many of these documents. Public STINET also provides access to the DoD Index to Specifications and Standards. Users may access specifications and standards located on the Defense Automation & Production Service (DAPS) database. DTIC also makes available sensitive and classified information to eligible users.
Security Industry Association (SIA)
The Security Industry Association (SIA), an international trade association with more than 300 member companies representing manufacturers, distributors, service providers, and integrators, promotes growth, expansion, and professionalism within the security industry. SIA provides education, research, technical standards, representation, and defense of members' interests. SIA members are involved in market segments such as, CCTV, access control, biometrics, computer security, fire/burglar alarms, and home automation. Members work together to address issues facing the industry and develop programs to enhance the environment in which they sell products and services.
Security Requirements for Cryptographic Modules, FIPS 140-2
Security requirements cover 11 areas related to the design and implementation of a cryptomodule. Within most areas, a cryptomodule receives a security level rating (1-4, from lowest to highest), depending on what requirements are met. For other areas that do not provide for different levels of security, a cryptomodule receives a rating that reflects fulfillment of all of the requirements for that area.
Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination
A major international initiative to develop a Standard for Software Process Assessment.
Provides industry standards and technical books from hundreds of organizations. Many are downloadable PDF files.
Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA)
The TIA is an U.S. trade association assisting the member companies in communications and information technology industry in market development, trade shows, domestic and international advocacy, standards development and enabling e-business.
The Web Standards Project
A coalition of web developers and users with the mission to "stop the fragmentation of the web, by persuading browser makers that standards are in everyone's best interest."
Underwriters Laboratories (UL)
UL has developed more than 800 Standards for Safety. Millions of products and their components are tested to UL's safety standards.
U.S. Department of Defense - Specifications and Standards (DoDISS)
Full text DoD Specifications and Standards located on the Defense Automated Printing Service (DAPS), eAccess database. Full text documents available in Portable Document Format.
U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Technical Standards
The mission is to enhance DOE's transition to a standards-based culture by providing information, coordinating activities, and promoting the use of consensus standards, and when needed, the development of DOE technical standards.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
EPA works to develop and enforce regulations that implement environmental laws enacted by the U.S. Congress. EPA is responsible for setting national standards for a variety of environmental programs, and delegates to states and tribes the responsibility for issuing permits and for monitoring and enforcing compliance. Where national standards are not met, EPA can issue sanctions and take other steps to assist the states and tribes in reaching the desired levels of environmental quality.
U.S. Government Auditing Standards
Government Auditing Standards (The Yellow Book) Links to current Government Auditing Standards, exposure drafts currently out for comment, and related information. Provides an electronic codification of Government Auditing Standards.
U.S. National Information Assurance Partnership (NIAP)
The National Information Assurance Partnership (NIAP) is a U.S. Government initiative to meet the security testing needs of IT producers and users. The program is intended to foster the availability of objective measures and test methods for evaluating the quality of IT security products, and the development of commercial testing laboratories that can provide the testing and evaluation services to meet the demands of producers and users. The program should help producers increase the value and competitiveness of their products in the U.S. and abroad through the availability of formal, independent testing and certificates of validation. NIAP efforts will help public and private sectors users by providing a sound and reliable basis for the evaluation, comparison, and selection of security products.
Video Electronics Standards Association
To promote and develop timely, relevant, open display and display interface standards, ensuring interoperability, and encouraging innovation and market growth.
Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance, The (WECA)
The Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance (WECA) mission is to certify interoperability of Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity, IEEE 802.11) products and to promote Wi-Fi as the global wireless LAN standard across all market segments. Site provides articles, press releases, case studies, background, studies/reports, photos, videos, briefings & presentations.
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) develops interpretable technologies (specifications, guidelines, software, and tools) to lead the Web to its full potential as a forum for information, commerce, communication, and collective understanding. This page provides W3C news plus links to information about W3C technologies and getting involved in W3C.
Last Revised
11 March 2010


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Fleetwood car covers are also available for the following model years:
Cadillac car covers are also available for the following models:
Car Covers are custom fitted specifically for the following styles below. Please select a fabric/material in the next section. You will then be able to select the style.
To order or for more information, please select one of the fabrics below.
|Custom Car Cover Triguard
A Great Car Cover Material for Light Weather
|Triguard is a special three layer material intended for light to medium weather outdoor or indoor use. Perfect for protection from dust and animal droppings, not suggested for harsh weather conditions.
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|Custom Car Cover Satin Stretch
Sexy Form-Fitting Stretch Cover for Indoors
|The ultimate in luxury. Ultra soft Satin is combined with special lycra yarns to produce the ultimate fit car cover. We then designed a special fleece inner liner to provide an even softer touch to prevent any scratches on the vehicle! The look of Satin, the fit of Lycra, and the softness of Fleece - The PERFECT indoor cover!
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The debate concerning to what extent military recruiters should have access to high school youth continues as Congress considers changes in the No Child Left Behind law which compels high schools to give the military access to names and addresses. Rep. Mike Honda wants the law changed to require parental permission before a child's name and phone number is released to military recruiters. "Parents have an obligation and right to control their children's private information," noted the congressman. On the other hand, some argue if schools receive money from the federal government they should provide access to military recruiters. This is apple and orange type thinking. If schools receive money from the Department of Education they have an obligation to provide that federal department with information, but why does it require allowing other areas of the government access?
A few years ago I talked with military recruiters who were near Brooklyn College. They were frank when saying they only went to high schools in disadvantaged areas and did not go near a high ranking high school. Honda's suggestion is fair and restores to parents control over information about their children without denying military access to schools.