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Pistolet Automatique de 7 millimètre 65 genre ''Ruby''
During WWI, called "The Great War" in Europe, "La Grande Guerre" in France, the various French military forces which had suffered severe losses in men and material in the horrible opening battles of 1914 and early 1915, forced the military authorities to look for a replacement foreign handgun for its soldiers. A reason was that the three national armories, Manufacture Nationale d'Armes de Châtellerault (MAC), Saint Etienne (MAS) and Tulle (MAT) were forced to prioritize the manufacture of rifles and machine guns for the war effort and as Northern France, the most industrialized region, was under German Occupation, the French then looked to its southern neighbor Spain for its solution. Spain which had its arms making industry setup in the northeastern Basque region was a natural source of supply for handguns as they manufactured them in calibers that were common to the various military in Europe. The French authorities decided to purchase from Spain a semi-automatic pistol called the "Ruby" or otherwise known as to the French as the Pistolet Automatique de 7 millimètre 65 genre "Ruby".
The Design
The Pistolet Automatique de 7 millimètre 65 genre "Ruby" is a simplified and relatively inexpensive copy of the Browning Model 1903 that was made by Fabrique Nationale d'Armes de Guerre au Belgique (FN). The pistol is of a blowback design with an internal hammer, in 7,65x17SR mm (32 ACP) caliber, and can hold up to nine rounds in the magazine. It differs from the Model 1903 by several details which helped to diminish the production costs by easing the manufacturing process and using materials of a lower quality. The slide has an integral breechblock and a hanging forward extension which houses the recoil spring and guide that is positioned under the barrel. The position of the dismounting cut in the slide vault in the "Ruby" was located well forward of the ejection port which permitted the barrel to not only be disengaged from the frames grooves but to be withdrawn from the pistol without having to dismount the slide. The barrel is locked to the frame using three broad lugs and grooves instead of the six used in the Model 1903 which helped in cutting the production time without sacrificing the reliability. In order to drill out the firing pin tunnel in the breechblock, the rear face of the slide had to be perforated and when completed it was sealed with a piece of rod. The firing pin is retained by means of a simple screw in the lower face of the breechblock which made it much easier to remove and re-install the firing pin. The frame has a hole drilled out in the grip behind the magazine well to house the recoil spring which is held between two riveted abutments on the guide rod. The biggest problem with this system was that the spring was not easily replaced when it wore out and a whole new assembly had to be used. When this spring gets compressed during firing the guide rod protrudes through the hole in the front end of the slide and the rear end of the guide bears up against the flat of the safety lever pivot. This arrangement was designed and patented by Pedro Careaga Garagarza in 1911. As the metal that was used on the pistol was of a 'softer' material the weapons had to be made heavy and massive to compensate.
The "Ruby" has no grip or magazine safety but there is a bulbous safety lever located on the left side of the frame just above the trigger guard. It hold the slide open when dismounting and blocks the trigger when it is in a "safe" position preventing the slide from being retracted but does not function as an hold open latch when the last round is fired.
As per a Ministerial Notice (Ministerial Notice) dated March 9, 1923, the Minister of War (Minister de La Guerre) put out the following: as the safety can too easily be moved inadvertently from safe to fire, for example when introducing the pistol in the holster or removing it from the holster and avoid handling difficulties a rivet was to be added to the slide of these pistols to eliminate the problem. A second notice was put out dated August 20, 1923 by him via Ministerial Telegram (Dépêche Ministérielle) again stating the above as this notice did not seem to get through to all the necessary persons or armories and arsenals. A complete final notice was ready for issuance dated January 10, 1924 which stated the following: The amending of the pistols is only for those to be used by both the National Military Police (Gendarmerie) and the Republican Guard (Garde Républicaine). Note: At this time it seems it was not military force mandated but that does not mean it could not have happened to those used by the regular military forces, but as of now this is what we have regarding this all, maybe something will show up later on this.
The firearms that did not receive the added rivet were to be up-dated as soon as possible as per the Ministerial Notice (Ministerial Notice) dated March 9, 1923. 'Drill, on the left side of the slide, a 4 mm hole whose center will be located 4.5 mm above the slice of the bottom of the slide and 1 mm in front of the plane perpendicular to the barrel and passing through the anterior edge of the safety when it is raised. Place in this hole a special rivet with a 9 mm head which will be supplied by the Service Of Artillery (Service de l'Artillerie) which will be manufactured by Manufacture Nationale d'Armes de Saint Étienne, if necessary, flush the rim into the inner slot of the slide, check that the safety clearance is at least 1 mm below the head plane of the slide. Rivet then redraw the grid (serial number). For those firearms that have already received the modification of March 9, 1923: Make on the safety itself some longitudinal striations to allow for the thumb to get a proper hold on it. If necessary, soften the operation of the safety device, re-adjust the shape of the dismantling notch on the slide and the safeties point. If the repair has given a satisfactory result, proceed with the installation of the rivet. All these modifications were to be completed by July 1, 1924.
A wire staple lanyard loop with attached metal ring was added on the left side of heal of the butt to affix a regulation lanyard.
A Firm is Chosen!
The French Purchasing Commission chose the firm of Gabilondo y Urresti-Eibar to manufacture the pistol, which had began producing these weapons since 1914, as it main contract. A contract was given in the amount of 10,000 pieces a month beginning in August 1915 but it was eventually raised to 30,000 pieces. Gabilondo y Urresti-Eibar quickly realized that it would be necessary to obtain cooperation with other manufacturing firms to meet the demand so they made contracted with other Spanish companies to help manufacture the weapon. What resulted from this is that some of the smaller manufacturers, who by-passed Gabilondo y Urresti-Eibar and dealt directly with French purchasing agents, produced some lesser quality handguns that were unsafe. Some of these arms would fire when the slide ran forward to chamber a round, others fired when the safety was moved from safe to fire or even some went full automatic. Despite the small amount of unacceptable "Ruby's, Spain was able to supply enough of them to meet the French demand. All "Ruby" pistols were shipped to the French Reception Commission at the Armies Artillery Park in Bayonne in lots of 1,000 where they were to be inspected to see if they met required specifications, such as bore and groove dimensions, and then fired a full magazine through them to see if they were accurate and functioned correctly. After the pistols were fired they then were re-inspected for possible broken, cracked or worn parts, if 10% of the weapons did not meet the above that whole lot was to be rejected and returned back to the manufactures. If a known lot was found to have a 5% failure rating due to grave manufacturing and function testing faults it would be rejected and sent back. As the French were supply the ammunition for the testing and using so much of this caused a constraint on the ammunition at the front, the testing was later limited to testing one or two of ten weapons in that specific lot for function failure which is why some of the weapons produced by some lesser quality handguns were found to be unsafe. The pistols were only intended to have a service life of 500 rounds.
Once the pistols made into the system after this testing procedures they were supposed to be marked with a star or set of stars on either side of the magazine release catch which was mark of French acceptance of foreign weapons but since these weapons were needed badly at the various fronts they did not always get this marking on them.
There are two different theories regarding how the pistols and magazines were marked in relation to the makers or trade names, in both cases the pistol was marked with single, double or triple block letters on the left rear frame tang and the base of the magazine.
The reason for the magazines markings was it was found that the "Ruby" pistol magazines were not really all that generic as they varied from manufacturer to manufacturer and was done to make certain that the pistol had a magazine that fit and feed properly.
The first was that all pistols that were sent to France during the war were normally marked with just the single or double block letters without the oval circle. After the war they were just marked either single, double or triple block letters within an oval circle.
The magazines were then marked sometime late in the war or after the war. Some of the magazines were coded in Spain (ones that are in circle), the rougher stamped letters not in circle were done in France.
The second is that makers and trade name codes were added to both the pistols and magazines at the same time but what is not clear is when this was done but believed to have been during the early 1920's overhauls.
actual codes in a circle stamped on the pistols were done in Spain.
A full set of serial numbers were for the most part normally placed on the left side of the slide and frame but as in some instances some can be found without numbers on the frames, no serial numbers at all or on the right side of either the slide or frame. As a great deal of hand fitting was required for most of the internal parts it was necessary to mark these parts with a totally unrelated internal assembly number to be sure that these parts were devoted to a specific pistol. The under face of the barrel, under face of the safety lever, inside of the slide near the firing pin well, left side of the frame near the grip, left side of magazine catch, right side of trigger and the underside of the disconnector were marked with these assembly numbers. Magazines sometimes were also marked with the serial number for reasons stated above.
NOTE: As there were over 30+ companies that manufactured these pistols, listed below is some of the different companies that manufactured these pistols, some of these were made during the post-war years and some are in 6,35x15,5SR mm (25 ACP) caliber. The ones listed with bold letters are the manufacturer codes that were referred to above.
Acha y Cia, Eibar … "Acha"
AH and AR: Acha Hermanos, Eibar or Ermunda ... "Looking Glass", sometimes the trade name was not used *Pistols marked "Looking Glass" seem to be post-WWI made*
Domingo Acha, Eibar ... "Triplex"
Aguirre y Cia, Eibar ... "Basculant", "Le Dragon"
AL: Aldazabal, Leturiondo Y Cia, Eibar * ... "Aldazabal", sometimes the trade name was not used
A. Aldazabal, Eibar * … "A.A.A."
José Aldazabal, Eibar * ... "Imperial"
Armas de Fuego, Guernica ... "Alkartasuna"
AK: Fabrica de Armas Alkartasuna, SA, Guernica ... "Alkar", "Kapitan"
V. Fabrica De Armas, Durango ... "Vencedor"
AE: La Armeria Elgoibaresa, Eligobar ... "Lusitania"
Apaoloza Hermanos, Zumorraga ... "Apaoloza", "Triomphe"
Apaolozo Hermanos, Eibar ... "Paramount"
Arana y Cia, Eibar ... "El Cano"
Ariola Hermanos, Eibar ... "Ariola"
A: Gaspar Arizaga, Eibar ... "Arizaga", "Misdial", "Pinkerton", "Warwinch", sometimes the trade names were not used
AG: Francisco Arizmendi y Goenaga, Eibar ... "Ideal", "Roland", "Brunswig"
Arizmendi y Goenaga, Eibar ... "F.A.", "F.A.G.", "Teuf-Teuf", "Waldman"
AZ: Arizmendi, Zulaica y Cia, Eibar ... "Cebra", some may be over stamped "Beistegui Hermanos"
Francisco Arizmendi, Eibar ... "Arizmendi", "Roland", "Singer", "Victor", "Ydeal"
F. Arizmendi, Eibar ... "Boltun", "Guerre", "Kaba Special"
Armero Espacialitas Reunidos, Eibar ... "Alfa", "Omega"
Hijos de C. Arrizabalaga, Eibar ... "Arrizabalaga", "Campeon", "Especial"
J. Arrizabalaga, Eibar ... "Esmi"
AA: Azanza y Arrizabalaga, Eibar * … "A.A. Reims", "Modelo 1916"
HCA: Hijos de Calixto Arrizabamaga, Eibar ... "Sharpshooter", "Terrible"
EA: Arostegui Eulogio, Eibar ... "Azul", "E.A.", "Oscillant-Azu"
S. Arostegui, Eibar ... "Browreduit"
Aspiri y Cia, Eibar ... "Avion", "Colon"
Astra Unceta y Cia, Guernica ... "Astra", "Cadix", "Camper"
Barrenechea y Gallastegui, Eibar ... "Barrenechea"
Hijos de Jorge Bascaran, Eibar ... "Marke", "Martigny"
MA: Martin Bascaran, Eibar ... "Martian", "Thunder M1919"
MB: Fabbrica de Martin A. Bascaran, Eibar ... "Martian" *some may be over stamped "Beistegui Hermanos"
BH: Beistegui Hermanos, Eibar ... "Beistegui", "B.H.", "Bulwark", "Libia", "Paramount", "1914 Model Automatic Pistol"
BC: Victor Bernedo y Cia, Eibar ... "B.C.", "Bernedo", sometimes the trade names were not used
VB: Victor Bernado y Cia, Eibar. No trade names used. *Some may have extended barrels*
BA: Fab. de Bersaluzze Arieto-Aurena Y Cia, Eibar ... "Allies"
GB and R: Gregorio Bolumburo, Eibar ... "Deluxe", "Gloria", "Giralda", "Marina", "Regent", "Regina", "Rex"
G. Bolumburu, Eibar ... "Bolumburo", "Bristol"
Crucelegui Hermanos, Eibar ... "Brong Petit", "Bron-Sport", "C.H.", "Le Brong", "Puppy"
JE: Javier Echaniz, Eibar ... "Defender"
Echave y Arizmendi, Eibar ... "Basque", "Bronco", "E.A.", "Echasa", "Lightning", "Lur-Panzer", "Pathfinder", "Protector", "Renard", "Selecta M1918", "Selecta M1919", "Vite M1913", "Vite M1914", "Vite M1915"
I: Bonifacio Echeverria, Eibar ... "Estrella", "Izarra", "Star", "Vesta"
HE: Hijos de A. Echeverria, Eibar ... "Vesta" (code may also be marked on slide), "Izarro"
EC: Ergulaga y Cia, Eibar ... "Fiel"
Manuel Escodin, Eibar ... "Escodin"
Esperanza y Cia, Guernica ... "Astra"
Esperanza y Unceta, Eibar ... "Astra:, "Campo Giro"
EU: Esperanza y Unceta, Guernica ... "Model 1915" ( or 1916 ), "Astra Patent", "Brunswig Model 1916" (Brunswick is a post-WWI commercial brand ... Hope was a trademark of Esperanza y Uncetia. These pistols were marketed right after WWI for the commercial market. We don't know if Astra was selling them, or for another entrepenuer, because even though most Brunswick pistols are EU marked, some frames and parts are from other makers. They pistols never made it to France as Astra was stuck with an inventory of them after WWI. Later in the war, some of Astra's competitors told the French Procurement Office that Astra was also selling pistols to the Germans, and the French refused to take delivery of later shipments of Model 1916s from Astra.), "Victory"
Antonio Errasti, Eibar ... "Dreadnought", "Errasti", "Oicet", "Smith Americano"
A. Errasti, Eibar ... "Broncho"
Esprin Hermanos, Eibar ... "Euskaro"
Gabilondo y Cia, Eibar or Elgoibar ... "Danton", "Guisasola", "Mugica", "Perfect", "Plus Extra"
GU: Gabilondo y Urresti, Eibar or Elgoibar ... "Bufalo", "Gabilondos", "Radium", "Ruby", "Ruby Extra", "Tauler"
Fab. de Armas Garantizada, Eibar ... "Apache", "Garantizada", "Rural"
GN: Garate, Anitua y Cia, Eibar ... "Danton", "El Lunar", "Express", "GAC", "Garate", "G.N.", "La Lira", "L'Eclair", "Sprinter", "Tigre", "Triumph"
Garate Hermanos, Eibar or Ermua ... "Cantabria", "Velostark"
Gastanaga, Trocaola y Cia, Eibar ... "T.A.C.", "Trocaola"
IG: Isidrio Gatzanaga, Eibar ... "Destroyer", "Gazantanaga", "Horse Destroyer", "Indian", "Sureté"
IS: Iraola y Salaverria y Cia ... No trade names used
Fab. d'armes de Grande Précision, Eibar ... "Bulwark", "Colonial", "Grande Précision", "Helvece", "Jupiter", "Minerve", "Trust"
Guisasola Hermanos, Eibar ... "G.H.", "Guisasola"
LC: Laplana y Capdevila ... Trade names are unknown
Larranaga y Elartza, Eibar ... "Jubala", "L.E."
LH: Lasangabaster Hermanos, Eibar ... "Douglas"
Lascauren y Olasola, Eibar ... "El Perro"
Manufactura de Armas "Demon", Eibar ... "Demon"
Mendiola, Eibar ... "Vainquer"
Erquiaga Muguruzu y Cia, Eibar ... "Diane", "Fiel"
Urquiaga y Muguruzu, Eibar ... "Marte"
Obrea Hermanos, Eibar ... "Colon", "Iris", "La Industrial", "O.H.", "Orbea", "Perfecto"
Cooperativa Obrera, Eibar ... "Longines"
IO: La Industria Obrea, Eibar ... No trade names used
Ojanguren y Marcaido, Eibar ... "Brow", "O.M."
Ojanguren y Vidosa, Eibar ... "Apache", "Crucero", "Furia", "Militar Y Policia", "Ojanguren", "Puppet", "Salvaje", "Tanque"
Onandia Hermanos, Eibar ... "Onandia"
F. Ormachea, Eibar ... "Bron-Grand", "Duan", "Merke"
Orueta Hermanos, Eibar ... "Oculto", "Tanker"
RH: Retolaza Hermanos, Eibar ... "Brompetier", "Gallus", "Liberty", "Military", "Paramount", "Puppy", "Retolaza M1914", "Stosel", "Titan", "Titanic", "Titanic M1914", "Velo-Brom", "1914 Model Automatic Pistol"
Santiago Salaberrin, Eibar ... "Etna", "Invicta", "Protector", "Tisan", "Unis"
Iraola Salaverria y Cia, Eibar ... "Destructor", "Iraola", "Salaverria"
Casimir Santos, Eibar ... "El Cid", "Vencedor"
MS: Modesto Santos, Eibar … "Action", "M.S."
S.E.A.M., Eibar ... "Praga", "Regent", "Silesia", "Sivispacem", "Waco"
Suinaga y Aramperri, Eibar ... "S&A"
Unceta y Cia, Guernica ... "Brunswig", "Fortuna", "Leston", "Liégeoise", "Museum", "Salso", "Union", "Victoria"
Union Armera Eibaressa, Eibar ... "U.A.E."
Union Fab. de Armas, Eibar ... "Rival M1913"
Tomas de Urizar, Eibar or Barcelona ... "Continental", "Dek-Du", "Express", "Imperial", "La Basque", "Le Secours", "Phoenix", "Premier", "Princeps", "Puma", "Union", "Venus"
UC: Urrejola y Cia, Eibar ... "U.C.", "Urrejola"
ZC: Zulaica y Compania or Cia, Eibar ... "Royal", "Victory", "Vincitor M1914", "Vincitor M1914 No.2", "Zulaica M1914"
Zuloga y Cia, Eibar ... "Volontaire"
Zumorraga y Cia, Eibar ... "Paramount"
CU: unknown
CZ: unknown
RG: unknown
TM: unknown
VD: unknown
Unknown Makers ... "Aurora", "Boix", "Burgham Superior", "Ca-Si", "Cobra", "Mosser", "Muxi", "Oyez", "Peerless", "Rayon", "R.E.", "Reform", "Republic", "Rex", "S.M.", "Tatra", "Velo-Mith", "Velosmith", "Vilar", "Vulcain", "Zwylacka"
Numbers Made and Usage
It is impossible to know how many of these pistols were actually delivered to France as most of the records were either destroyed during the bombings of WWII in France or in Spain during the Spanish Civil War but it is estimated that approximately 960,000 were delivered.
The Pistolet Automatique de 7 millimètre 65 genre "Ruby" was used in the later mandate and territorial colonies conflicts such as Syria and North Africa. During the Second World War they were used during the campaigns of 1939-40 and later by both the Free and Vichy French forces. After WWII they were once again employed in the wars in both Indochina and Algeria. Many of these pistols were surrendered or captured during the War in Indochina and were used by the Viet-Cong and North Vietnamese Army during the Vietnam War.
These pistols were also delivered to Italy (which are marked "RP" or "TM" on trigger web), Greece, Romania, Serbia and Russia during the First World War. After the First World War France re-built many of these pistols and sold them to the various newly created nations such as Poland, Yugoslavia and Finland.
There were two different types of holsters used by the French Army for these weapons, the Etui Modèle 1916 and Cartouchière Porte Pistolet Modèle 1888 Modifié 1915.
• The Etui Modèle 1916 was made from heavy leather and is constructed in the form of a right triangle. One piece forms the back and folds over as the protective front flap; another is used for the front. A flexible strip of leather is used between the two forming the sides, an elongation of the strip forms a small flap at the left side and a longer extension on right side helps protect the interior. A small strip was either sewn or riveted on to the left side of the holster that runs diagonally across which fastened to a metal stud on the lower front of the flap, closing the holster.
A wire loop was sometimes attached to the back of the holster which is then secured to a J-hook of the Y-straps used to hold it firmly in place from slipping when it was placed on the waist belt. Some of these holsters had metal D-rings attached to the sides or rear of the holster for a shoulder strap. On the inside left corner are two magazine pouches. The holsters were marked one or two ink stampings signifying the manufacturer and receiving military facility. Sometimes these were marked to various units they went to.
• The Cartouchière Porte Pistolet Modèle 1888 Modifié 1915 was shaped like the standard rectangular leather infantry Modèle 1888 pouch but slightly larger in size with the wire loop described above. On the inside rear left side were two magazine pouches. These holsters were also marked with the one or three ink stampings. These holsters were normally only issued to the Fusil-Mitrailleur Modèle 1915 CSRG gunners and assistants and were worn on the back attached to the waist belt and Y-straps.
There were two different types of lanyards called dragonne used by the French Army for these weapons.
• A standard pre-WWI regulation leather revolver lanyard was used. The lanyard was about 29 inches long (74.9cm) and 7/16 inch wide (1.1cm). The loop end of the lanyard was closed by a brass rivet and was intended to be attached to the belt. The other end was secured to the pistol by means of a hard leather knot that runs through a slit at the end of the strap. These were normally left in the natural leather but occasionally were dyed black.
• The second type lanyard used was of post-WWI design which was almost identical to the above mentioned type but the ends were closed by means of either a brass rivet or sewn together. A metal snap and D-Ring was used enabling it to be fastened to the staple on the heel of the butt. These were normally left in the natural leather but occasionally were dyed black or white.
Cleaning Kit
The standard cleaning kit called Nécassaires d'Armes Modèle 1874 which was originally designed for the Revolver Réglementaire Modèle 1873 was used for this pistol. It consisted of the following items:
• Grease box (boîte à graisse): This is a two part tin container with double sided hinged lids. In one compartment grease is stored and in the other a brass string-pull through section (ficelle individuelle de nettoyage) along with extra small bits of rag was stored.
• Cleaning brush (brosse de armes)
• Cleaning kit container (boitier du nècessaire) and oilier (huiler): This hollow steel container is where all the smaller tools are stored, such as the double headed screwdriver (tournevis) and the grease and oil mixing tool (spatule curette) which was flattened on one side and doubled as a carbon scraper. Both of these tools are stored in small black, brown or navy blue pouch called a truss (trousse) which has separate dividers to place the tools in so that when they are stored in the container they will not slip through the slot in the top. The top of the container has a slot on the top where the screwdriver fits into so that it may be used as a handle. The bottom is the oil container which has a plug that can be unscrewed with a small leather washer on it to prevent it from leakage.
The post-war kits also contained in them an articulated bore brush (ècouvillon articulé) which was tied to the string pull through section and pulled through the barrel and a pin punch (chasse-goupilles) to help drive out the different pins in the weapon. These containers were often serialized as to keep track of them.
Who They Were Issued To
According to the 1917 and 1918 regulation French Infantry Squad Leader's Handbooks (Manuel de Chef de Section d'Infanterie) it says that the "Ruby" Pistol was issued to Telephonists, Stretcher Bearers, Fusil-Mitrailleur Modèle 1915 CSRG gunners and assistants, 37mm Cannon Crewmen and Mortar Crewmen. In the 1918 manual it also lists them being issued to Tank Crewmen. These also were issued to grenade throwing teams which cleared trenches of enemy personnel.
Manuel de Chef de Section d'Infanterie (Edition de Janvier 1917 et 1918) ... - Le personnel suivant recoit un pistolet automatique de 7 millim.5 : Téléphonists; Brancardiers; Fusiliers (tireur et premier pourvoyeur); Grenadier-lanceurs (16 par compagnie); 5 hommes par piece de 37; hommes de mortier. (Edition 1918 ... hommes de l'artillerie d'assaut)
Overall Length: 6.2 inches (157mm)
Weight Unloaded: 2 lbs. 14.7 oz. (875 grams)
Barrel Length: 3.43 inches (87mm)
Caliber: 7,65mm Browning (32 ACP) Magazine Capacity: 7 to 9 rounds
The pistol is an semi-automatic loaded weapon, the barrel is fixed and rests in the slide
It is divided in two parts:
The first is the stationary one which composes of the following, the barrel, the frame and trigger mechanism
The other is moving which composes of the following, the slide and recoil spring and guide.
Precautions to take: Turns out these guns present a common danger, which has caused many serious accidents. Do not believe that the weapon is unloaded because one withdrew the magazine; because a cartridge can still remain in the barrel. It therefore is necessary the extract the round from the barrel. Then, only, the weapon is emptied.
The Pistolet Automatique de 7 millimètre 65 genre "Ruby" is composed of the following principal parts:
The frame, of which the various mechanisms are brought up on;
The slide, which houses the extractor, the firing pin and its rebounding spring, the rear and front sights;
The barrel;
The lock mechanism, which contains the trigger, the trigger bar, sear, and hammer with its spring;
The recoil spring and recoil guide;
The safety;
The grips and its screws;
The magazine and magazine release catch
Disassembly and Reassembly:
To withdraw the magazine from the grip of the frame, slide the magazine release catch fully to the rear and at same time withdraw the magazine.
Precautions to take: It turns out these guns present a common danger, that has caused many serious accidents. Do not believe that the weapon is unloaded because one withdrew the magazine; because a cartridge can still remain in the barrel. It therefore is necessary the extract the round from the barrel. Then, only then is the weapon is considered emptied.
With the above precaution and to avoid an accident, pull the slide fully to the rear to extract any cartridge that may be in the chamber.
Rotate the safety lever over the letter "F" and this will help hold the slide in the rear position.
To remove the barrel, use the following procedure, turn it from left to right, then pull it forward, then rotate it from right to left and this will allow it to be completely removed from the slide.
To remove the slide from the frame, pull the slide fully to the rear, then it to go forward and this will release the slide from the frame then , remove the slide from the frame.
The recoil spring and guide then can be removed from the frame.
The right grip then can be removed for maintenance.
This is as far as the weapon is disassembled for normal cleaning and lubrication.
Proceed as for disassembly but in the reverse order
The pistol having been disassembled to the above procedures, clean the rails of the frame and slide, all accessible parts of the trigger mechanism, wipe the interior and exterior of the barrel, and clean the magazine.
Lightly oil the hammer notch, the rails of the frame and slide, the trigger mechanisms, exterior of the barrel and exterior of the weapon itself.
a) To load the weapon, slide the magazine release catch fully to the rear. Introduce a magazine with 7 or 9 cartridges (depending on capacity) and place it in the frame of the pistol. Pull the slide all the way to the rear which will cock the hammer and compress the recoil spring. Allow the slide to slide forward under the action of the recoil spring and a cartridge will be stripped from the magazine into the chamber of the barrel. The weapon is now ready to fire.
b) As you pull the trigger gas pressure from the fired cartridge drives against the breechblock which allows the slide to begin sliding backward, as it slides backwards the extractor then ejects the spent cartridge case. A new round from the magazine is then pushed forward into the chamber when the recoil spring forces the slide back forward, this will allow the shooter to continue to fire as long as the trigger is engaged or until all rounds have been fired from the magazine.
c) To put the weapon on safe when a cartridge is in the barrel rotate the safety on the left side of frame upwards to cover the letter F and expose the letter S.
d) To put the weapon back into the firing mode from the safe position rotate the safety in the opposite direction to cover the letter S and expose the letter F.
F or the words (Fire, Feu)
S or the words (Save, Safety or Sûreté)
Artillerie; Armes Portatives; Instruction sur La Nomenclature, L'Emploi, Le Démontage et L'Entretien des Pistolets Automatiques de 7m/m 65 en Service; Ministère de La Guerre 1916 - 20 Janvier
Manuel du Chef de Section d'Infanterie 1916, 1917 and 1918
Le Livre du Grade D'Infanterie à L'usage des Élèves Caporaux, Caporaux et Sous-Officier de L'Infanterie et du Génie; 1917
Military Handguns of France 1858-1958; Eugene Medlin and Jean Huon; Excalibur Publications; 1993
French Service Handguns 1858-2004; Eugene Medlin and Jean Huon; Tommy Gun Publications; 2004
The Spanish Ruby Pistol Explained; Gérard Hentrotin; E-Book G. Hentrotin & H&L Publishing (Belgium); 2004
Colin Doane
Tom Knox
Dennis Kroh
Dale Martin
Eugene Medlin
Robert Skrivan
Picture: courtesy of Dennis Kroh (Empire Arms)
Picture: courtesy of Dennis Kroh (Empire Arms)
French language of pistol information as found in the book, Artillerie; Armes Portatives; Instruction sur La Nomenclature, L'Emploi, Le Démontage et L'Entretien des Pistolets Automatiques de 7m/m 65 en Service; Ministère de La Guerre 1916 - 20 Janvier
Le pistolet est une arme à chargement automatique, à canon fixe et à long recul de la culasse.
Il se divise en deux parties:
L'une fixe comprend: le canon, la carcasse et les mécanismes de détente, d'alimentation, de percussion;
L'autre mobile comprend: le bloc de culasse et son ressort récupérateur.
Précautions à prendre: Tours ces pistolet présentent un danger commun, qui a déja causé de nombreux accidents.
Ne pas croire que l'arme est déchargée parce qu'on a retiré le chargeur; il reste encore généralement une cartouche dans le canon. Il faut l'extaire en tirant le canon en arrière. Alors, seulement, l'arme set vide.
Les pistolets automatiques de 7mm65 genre "Ruby" se composent des parties principales suivantes:
La carcasse, sur laquelle est monté l'ensamble du mécanisme;
Le bloc de culasse, portant l'extracteur, le percuteur et son ressort de rebondissement, le cran de mire et le guidon;
Le canon;
Le mécanisme de platine, comprenant la détente et sa barrette, la gâchette et le chien avec leur ressort;
Le ressort récupérateur et son guide;
Le système de sûreté;
Les plaquettes et leurs vis;
Le chargeur et son crochet.
arcade de suspension or crochet de suspension ... lanyard loop
Démontage et Remontage;
1. Retirer le chargeur de la poignée, puis, précaution essentielle en vue d'éviter tout accident, porter complètement en arrière le blos de culasse de manière à extraire la cartouche qui peut se trouver encore dans la chambre;
2. Disposer le levier de la sûreté de manière à lassier apparaître la lettre F et faire reculer le bloc le plus possible;
3. Enlever le canon ; à set effet, le faire tourner de gauche à droite; le tirer en avant; lui donner une nouvelle rotation de droite à gauche et le dégager en fin complètement du bloc de culasse;
4. Enlever le bloc, puis le ressort récupérateur et la plaquette gauche, sans pousser plus loin le démontage.
Procéder comme pour le démontage et dans l'ordre inverse
Le pistolet ayant été démonté comme il été dit ci-dessus, nettoyer avec soin les glissières de la carcasse et du bloc de culasse, ainsi que toutes les parties accessibles du mécanisme. Essuyer le canon à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur. Nettoyer le chargeur
Huiler légèrement le cran du chien, les glissières de la carcasse et du bloc, ainsi que le mécanisme de détente.
a) Pour charger l'arme, dégager de la poignée le chargeur-magasin en agissant sur son crochet d'arrêt.
Introduire une à une dans le chargeur 7 ou 9 cartouches (suivant sa contenance) et replacer celui-ci dans la poignée.
Retirer le bloc de culasse complétement en arriére, déplacement d'où résultent l'armé du chien et la compression du ressort récupérateur.
Abandonner le bloc qui, revenant en avant sous l'action de son ressort, introduit dans la chambre la cartouche supérieure du chargeur.
L'arme est prête à faire feu.
b) Si l'on appuie alors sur la détente, le départ se produit et la gaz de la poudre, agissant sur le bloc, font reculer ce dernier; en même temps, l'étui vide, saisi par l'extracteur, est éjecté. Le bloc se porte de nouveau en avant et la mouvements décrits ci-dessus se reproduisent tant qu'il reste des cartouches dans le chargeur ou dans la chambre, pourvu quele tireur ait soin, après chaque coup, de laisser la détente revenir en avant.
c) Pour mettre l'arme à la sûreté, lorsqu'une cartouche se trouve dans la chambre, disposer le levier monté sur le côté gauche de la carcasse de manière à masquer la lettre F et à laisser apparaître la lettre S
d) Pour mettre en état de faire feu l'arme disposée à la sûreté, agir en sens inverse sur le levier pour recouvrir la lettre S ou rendre visible la lettre F
F ou le mot (Fire, Feu)
S ou le mot (Save, Safety, Sûreté)
Here is a picture of myself firing a Fusil-Mitrailleur Modèle 1915 CSRG at a 'Great War Historical Society' reenactment, you can see the Cartouchière Porte Pistolet Modèle 1888 Modifié 1915 attached to the back of the waist belt and is secured to a J-hook of the Y-straps to hold it firmly in place from slipping. You can also see the dragonne for the pistol attached to belt as well.
© This article is copyrighted. Please do not reproduce this article in whole or part, in any form, without obtaining my written permission
Last edited by 1886lebel; 01-05-2017 at 05:25 PM.
Co-Author of the book:
Banzai Special Project No. 1, The Siamese Mauser, A Study Of Siamese / Thai Type 45 & Type 46 Long Rifles and Type 47 Carbines, Including An Overview Of Siamese/Thai Weapons 18602014
Awesome article--congratulations on a job well done!
Here is an article about the Finnish use of the "Ruby type" pistols. The article is borrowed fro Jaeger platoon
Finnish use: About 10,000 bought from France in 1919. The first pistol model acquired for Finnish Army. Mainly used in Finnish home front during World War 2, but also few frontline units got these pistols issued.
During World War 1 both French and Italian armed forces had shortage of pistols and were buying this quite heavy 7,65 mm blow-back pistol manufactured around Eibar in Spain. Demand was so large that a large number of small companies in Eibar and Guernica started making their own versions of this pistol during World War 1. This pistol unofficially called Ruby was produced in large numbers, but as practically all manufacturers did it with slight variations parts of different weapons were not interchangeable and getting exactly right kind of spare-parts was close to zero. When 7,65 mm x 17 ammunition used was also quite weak it was no surprise that both Italian and French Armies were eager to get rid of them as soon as possible after World War 1. Serbia had received 5,000 of these pistols, and for some reason Yugoslavia bought more of them between 1931 - 1933 and named them Pistolj 7,65 mm/VTZ 1933.
Trade names that can be found in M/19 pistols:
Arizaga (manufacturer: Gaspar Arizaga)
Beistegui Hermanos (manufacturer: Beistegui Hermanos)
Cebra (manufacturer: A. Zulaika)
Leturiondo (manufacturer: Aldabazal Leturiondo Y.CA.)
Looking Glass
Martian (manufacturer: De Martin a Bascaran)
Retolaza (manufacturer: Retolaza Hermanos)
Salaverria (manufacturer: Iraola Salaverria Y.CA.)
Victor Bernedo
Zulaika (manufacturer: M. Zulaika Y.CA.)
At 1919 Finland was shopping new weapons for its newly born Army in France. Finnish Ministry of War was foolish enough to be tempted by these cheap pistols and bought 10,000 pistols worth of these maintenance nightmares. Pistols were shipped to Finland in July of 1919 and were distributed to Finnish military units. It didn't take long for those military units and weapons depots to find out just how problematic pistols M/19 were. While not having interchangeable parts between individual weapons in small small arms still was not exactly unheard during World War 1 in case of these pistols the level of imcompatability borderlined ridiculous. Pistols M/19 manufactured by different manufactures simply did not necessarily have any part incompatible pistols manufactured by other manufacturers - and this included even magazines. As Finnish Armed Forces had a serious shortage of pistols these caricatures of pistols had to be kept in use for decades. During WW2 even some unfortunate battle-units got issued with these dubious pistols, even if intention was not to issue them to non-home-front units. Year 1943 some 4,500 pistols M/19 remained, but by year 1951 their number had dropped to 2,581. After World War 2 they remained warehoused until most of them were sold to military personnel and collectors around 1965 - 1971. From collectors point of view the value of M/19 pistols can be best considered as contradictory - they were poor pistols, but also the first official military pistols of Finnish Armed Forces.
"Ole viisaasti höperö!" sanoi vääpeli Ryhmy
Commissar Natalia Vengrovska Fan Club Life Member :-)
Tired of the Police ? Try calling a Crackhead next time you need help
ALWAYS looking for anything from Sortavala and Viipuri CG districts
Looking for Norwegian Mauser K98F1 HÆR 43408 - the first military rifle I was issued


text:
Marble Loaf Cake RecipeRead Reviews Be the first to add a review
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Joan sometimes adds chocolate syrup to the basic batter to produce the lovely swirls in this moist marbled loaf. "For a sweet finish, top it with a can of prepared frosting...or use your favorite homemade frosting if time allows," she suggests.
Recommended: 34 Easy Cake Decorating Ideas
- 4-1/2 cups pound cake batter (from Pound Cake Ring recipe), divided
- 3 tablespoons chocolate syrup
- 1 can (16 ounces) chocolate frosting
- Fresh strawberries, optional
- In a small bowl, combine 1/2 cup batter and chocolate syrup. Pour the remaining batter into a greased and floured 9-in. x 5-in. loaf pan. Spoon chocolate batter over the top; gently cut through batter with a knife to swirl.
- Bake at 350° for 15 minutes. Reduce heat to 325°; bake 40 minutes longer or until a toothpick inserted near the center comes out clean. Cool for 10 minutes before removing from pan to a wire rack to cool completely. Frost top and sides of cake. Garnish with strawberries if desired. Yield: 8-10 servings.
Originally published as Marble Loaf Cake in Quick Cooking May/June 2002, p33
Sweet White Wine
Enjoy this recipe with a sweet white wine such as Moscato or a sweet Riesling.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
"We are thrilled to host Governor Hickenlooper as he helps the next generation of Mountaineers begin their lives after college," says Western President Dr. Gregory Salsbury. "This will also be an outstanding opportunity to show the governor Western's new state-of-the-art facilities and share our cutting-edge academic programs with him. We are, of course, aware that demands for the Governor's time are intense, so we are honored and thrilled he has accepted our invitation."
Western's Class of 2014 includes students from 40 states and eight foreign countries. Some 360 undergraduates will participate, along with 35 students receiving graduate degrees.
Commencement weekend events begin at 5pm on Friday, May 9, with a senior reception at the University Center. The commencement ceremony is at 10am, Saturday, May 10. Following commencement, graduates and their families are invited to a presidential reception in the University Center.
The commencement ceremony will stream live on YouTube for families and friends who can't make the event. You can find the live stream at western.edu/graduation.
The Class of 2014 is larger than last year's graduating class. In May 2013, Western conferred degrees on 340 graduates from 40 states and one foreign country.
About Western State Colorado University
Western offers a private university experience at a public university value, deep in the heart of the Rockies. We deliver a full, four-year liberal arts curriculum with graduate programs. But we're much more than that. With an average class size of just 17 students and highly-trained professors focused on teaching, students collaborate with faculty, handcrafting their education to fit their interests and prepare for a career. Learn more at western.edu.


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The West Virginia Legislature enacted legislation
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The crime mut be reported to law enforcement officials within 72 hours (unless just cause exists)
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Who is Eligible to File an Application
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Reimbursable Expenses
The Fund can reimburse the following expenses if they are incurred as a direct result of a crime as long as there are no other sources of reimbursement available.
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Who is Not Eligible to Receive Compensation
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Types of Losses Not Covered
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The total of all reimbursement to or on behalf of a victim cannot exceed the maximum allowable benefits as set out below:
Victim Suffers INJURY
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By law, the Crime Victims Compensation Fund is the "payer of last resort". As such, if any other sources of reimbursement are available for the victim's/claimant's crime-related losses, such sources must be used before the victim/claimant becomes eligible for reimbursement from the Fund. Victims/claimants have the responsibility to inform the Fund of any reimbursement sources for their losses and are responsible for repayment of any amounts for which it was later determined they were not eligible. Other reimbursement sources that may be available include, but are not limited to:
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The application for an adult victim (18 years or older at the time of crime) must be filed with the Fund within two years of the crime.
The application for a minor victim (under 18 year of age at the time of the crime) must be filed with the Fund before the minor's 20th birthday.
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After receiving the application and related documentation, the claim is assigned to a claim investigator for review to determine eligibility. This involves verifying all of the information presented in the application. Witnesses to the crime, law enforcement officials, physicians, counselors, hospitals, and employers may be contacted for verification of the information presented.
Upon completion of the application review process, the claim investigator will file with the Court a Finding of Fact and Recommendation. A copy of the recommendation is sent to the claimant who may file a response within 30 days.
One of the three Court of Claims judges will review the Finding of Fact and Recommendation, all other documents in the file, and the claimant's response, if any. The judge will render a decision and a copy of the Order is sent to the claimant.
>Appeal Rights If the claimant disagrees with the judge's decision, the claimant is given 21 days to request a hearing. Another judge will preside over the appeal hearing, which is the final process.
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text:
Sculpture is three-dimensional artwork created by shaping or combining materials. Materials may be worked by removal such as carving; or they may be assembled such as by gluing, or hardened such as by firing. Our sculpture lessons include forming, carving, collaging, gluing and more and make use of materials such as clay, wood, soap, paper, tape, beans, foam, metal, stones and more.
ART TAPE SCULPTURE: 3-D AMUSEMENT PARKS Gr. 3-8
Learn how to show students how to use art tape to create three dimensional sculpture. From Judith Walsh. [read more]
ANIMAL MASKS Gr. 3-8
Carla Fontenot shows us how to lead students through the creation a 3-D animal or mask made of paper. [read more]
ARTQUARIUM Gr. 6-8
Alison Lorion shows us how to create a classroom artquarium! [read more]
ASSEMBLAGES IN THE STYLE OF ARTIST LOUISE NEVELSON Gr. 1-12
Students will discover the art of Louise Nevelson as they enjoy making art out of recycled materials, or "junk". From Nicole Smith. [read more]
BEAN MOSAICS PreK and up
Students will learn about mosaic techniques as they create a mosaic using dried beans and peas. From Kimberly Jensen. [read more]
An important look at this timeless raw material along with some do's and don'ts. Read this before starting any clay projects in your classroom! [read more]
CLAY HEADS Gr. 3 and up
Using armatures, students will create sculptural works using clay that is left to dry naturally in the air. [read more]
CLAY SAND CASTLES PreK and up
Children will develop their sculpture techniques and express their creativity by molding and decorating their own clay sand castles. From Christina Eosco. [read more]
COIL CONTAINERS - POTTERY K and up
Students will learn how to build a container with clay, using coil and slab hand-building techniques. From Lauren Geggus. [read more]
CRAZY QUILTS Gr. 3-5
Students will learn about the history of Victorian Crazy Quilts as they explore pattern, color, and shape in different ways. From Laura Stuart-Smith. [read more]
DRAGONFLY SCULPTURE K - Gr. 5
Learn how to make mini dragonfly sculptures using clothespegs, paper and paint (or markers). From KinderArt. [read more]
FABRIC ASSEMBLAGE PreK and up
This lesson shows you what you can do with scraps of burlap, canvas and other types of fabric. [read more]
FOAM AND WIRE MOBILE Gr. 3-5
A step by step lesson plan that shows you how to construct a foam and wire mobile. From: Diane Overmyer. [read more]
GARGOYLES (FROM COFFEE TRAYS) Gr. 3 and up
This lesson shows you how to making gargoyles out of cardboard coffee take out trays and paper mache pulp. From KinderArt. [read more]
GARGOYLES AND GROTESQUES Gr. 6-8
Learn how to create a gargoyle using self hardening clay. From: Joann Trimarco. [read more]
GARGOYLES (MASKS) Gr. 6-8
Learn how to create a gargoyle mask using paper. From: Mark Scira. [read more]
GIANT STUFFED BIRDS K - Gr. 8
Using a variety of art supplies you can create fabulous soft sculpture with art educator Linda Moucha. [read more]
GUITARS AS SCULPTURE Gr. 6-8
This is a motivating project that incorporates music and history. From Alison J. Lorion. This lesson originated from the Museum of Fine Art in Boston's exhibit of "Dangerous Curves Art of the Guitar". [read more]
GREEK STORY VASES Gr. 3 -5
Students will discover the art of Greek vases while they develop their own storytelling skills. From Doreen Diorio. [read more]
(Section: Art History)
HAMBURGER COLLAGE Gr. 3 - 8
Students will make hamburger collages using colored construction paper. Written by Andrea Mulder-Slater [read more]
HAVE IT YOUR WAY SANDWICH COLLAGE K - Gr.2
This is a fun way to teach children about collage. From Deb Barone of Myerstown Elementary School, Myerstown, PA. [read more]
INUIT CARVING Gr 3-12
This is a wonderful 3-dimensional art lesson plan (in clay) from Pat Higgins. [read more]
(Section: Multicultural Art)
KHAMSA GOOD LUCK HANDS K and up
Students will learn about the use of symbolism in cultural (Moroccan) art as they learn and use design elements in creating a hand print. From Susan Kimes-Demboski. [read more]
KITES K - Gr. 5
Have your students use different art techniques in one fun art project. From Jennifer Nilsson. [read more]
KIWI BIRD MADE FROM DECORATIVE GOURD all ages
Turn a decorative gourd into a kiwi bird! [read more]
LEAF BY LEAF all ages
This project from Sandi Kovach-Long can be adapted for a wide range of ages and abilities including adults with physical, perceptual and cognitive challenges. [read more]
LEONARDO DA VINCI: INVENTION CONVENTION Gr. 3-8
Discover Leonardo's inventive ideas and invent a new machine for the 21st century. From Michelle Jamal. [read more]
(Section: Art History)
MAGIC WANDS AND WAND HOLDERS K - Gr. 8
Anitra the Great has a super lesson for your Kinderartists. This activity uses wood, paint and ribbons. [read more]
MAKING A DOT WITHOUT MAKING A DOT K - Gr. 5
A fabulous paper mosaic lesson. From Jennifer Stratton. This is a wonderful project that shows how confidence breeds confidence! [read more]
MARACAS (BALLOONS) K - Gr. 8
Lillian Foxx's maraca making lesson results in the pleasure of discovery and accomplishment. Here learn how to make maracas using balloons and flour paste. [read more]
MARACAS (ORANGES AND PAPER) K - Gr. 8
Learn how to make maracas using oranges, tissue paper and glue. From KinderArt. [read more]
MARACAS (RECYCLED MATERIALS) Pre K and up
Maracas are one of the simplest instruments to play for young children or the beginning musician. Find out how to make maracas out of bottles and toilet paper rolls. From: Daria Marmaluk-Hajioannou. [read more]
(Section: Cross Curriculum)
MARACAS (SIMPLE) & SHAKERS PreK - Gr. 8
Maracas were originally made from the dried shells of gourds with beads or beans inside. This lesson shows you how to make maracas using paper cups. [read more]
MARIGOLD SCULPTURES K and up
Students can make marigold sculptures using tin cans, paper and glue. Submitted by: Anitra Redlefsen..[read more]
MATISSE, HENRI: POSITIVE/NEGATIVE SHAPES/SHAMROCKS Gr. 3 and up
One way to achieve harmony in a composition is to repeat positive and negative spaces which vary in size, color, texture or value. Find out more with the help of Anitra Redlefsen [read more]
(Section: Art History)
MATH GNOMES K - Gr. 5
If you are teaching your students or children about the four math processes using the Waldorf math gnomes, then you will want to make some of these lovely little sculptures to help tell the stories. [read more]
MEDIA COLLAGE K - Gr.12
With this lesson, your students will learn how to take a close look at print advertising and product packaging. [read more]
MEXICAN METAL TOOLING Gr. 3-8
With this lesson from Margaret Morales, students will express ideas about Mexico using metal tooling techniques and the elements of art and principles of design. [read more]
(Section: Multicultural Art)
MINI MEALS Gr. 3-5
Students will discuss and analyze what makes a healthy balanced meal. Then, with the help of Rebecca Engelman, they will use basic hand building techniques to construct mini food from home made clay. [read more]
PAINTED SHOES all ages
Canadian artist Teodoro Dragonieri paints, collages and reconstructs old shoes to represent great artists of the 20th century. [read more]
(Section: Painting)
PAPER BAG BUTTERFLY PUPPETS PreK - Gr. 5
Students will create butterflies as they learn about three dimensional sculpture and use puppets to tell a story. From Linda Moucha. [read more]
PAPERCLAY® FISH ORNAMENTS Gr. 3 and up
Create relief sculpture with an undersea theme. From the Creative PaperClay® Company. [read more]
PAPER COLLAGE WITH ERIC CARLE K - Gr. 5
Students will gain an appreciation for the work of Eric Carle not only as a story writer, but as an illustrator during this fun "Hermit Crab" inspired lesson from Pamela Metzger. [read more]
(Section: Cross Curriculum: Language Arts/Literature)
PAPER QUILLING Gr. 3 and up
Students will learn about paper quilling and the art of rolled paper. From Mary Breveleri. [read more]
(Section: Crafts)
PAPER RING ART (QUILLING) Gr. 3 and up
Karen Derian shows us how to make lovely designs using strips of paper and glue. [read more]
PEBBLE PICTURES PreK and up
Add another dimension to paintings using pebbles found at the beach. [read more]
PENGUINS, PENGUINS, PENGUINS K - Gr. 5
Step by step instructions on how to make a penguin using a juice bottle and paper mache pulp. [read more]
PINATAS K and up
Complete instructions on how to make a pinata using balloons and papier mache. Perfect for Cinco de Mayo celebrations! From Wendy Payne. [read more]
PIPE CLEANER SCULPTURE K and up
Learn how to make abstract art with foam and pipe cleaners. From Pat Klingbiel. [read more]
PLANETARY PERSONALITIES COME TO LIFE Gr. 3 - 5
Students can make Planetary Personalities characters using Wikki Stix. By Jen Ulm.[read more]
PLASTER AND WIRE MOBILE/SCULPTURE Gr. 3 and up
This is a project in problem solving, balance and creativity by Anitra Redlefsen. [read more]
PLASTER FACE MASK Gr. 3 and up
Learn how to make masks using plaster bandages. From Anitra Redlefsen. [read more]
PLAY DOUGH PreK and up
Students will experiement with homemade play dough. Includes a recipe! From Julie Duell. [read more]
PROPORTION OF THE HUMAN FORM Gr. 3 - 8
Students will appreciate the length and width of the human form as they create human figures in motion using torn paper. From Nancy Scoble. [read more]
PUMPKIN SEED MOSAIC PreK and up
Mosaics are made of tiny colored pieces of stone, pottery, glass or other materials, arranged together and set in plaster or cement to make patterns and images. In this lesson, students use pumpkin seeds and paint to create colorful mosaics. [read more]
PUZZLES K - Gr. 5
Students will learn how to create their own puzzles. Submitted by: Anitra Redlefsen..[read more]
RAINBOWS (TORN PAPER) PreK - Gr. 5
Students will make rainbows using torn construction paper. From KinderArt.com [read more]
RAINSTICKS K and up
Legend has it that the Chilean Indians invented the rainstick to make rainy weather. Make a rainstick using a cardboard carpet tube, nails and sunflower seeds. [read more]
RELIEF FOIL SCULPTURE Gr 6-8
A shining example of what you can do with aluminum foil. From Kimberly Hutts. [read more]
ROCK AND WIRE MOBILE Gr 3 and up
This is a project in problem solving, balance and creativity. From Anitra Redlefsen. [read more]
SCRAP WOOD SCULPTURES K and up
Start with a a box of wood scraps to create a masterpiece. [read more]
SCULPT-A-PLANET Gr 3-8
Make a paper mache planet with your kinderartists. [read more]
SHAPE COLLAGE PIZZA K - Gr. 2
Students will learn about collage as they create a cut paper pizza. Submitted by: Melissa Jordan, [read more]
STAINED GLASS FOR BEGINNERS Gr 3 and up
This is a tutorial about how to make stained glass creations, including the proper tools and techniques to use. [read more]
STAINED GLASS PAPER SCREEN Gr 3-8
Students will observe the shapes and lines that make up a stained glass window. Then, they will create a paper "stained glass" screen. [read more]
"STAINED GLASS" MASTERPIECE Gr 6-8
Create a found object stained glass piece - without having to cut any glass. From Jamie Bresee. [read more]
STEPPING STONES Gr 3-8
Students will design, transfers design to cement paver, safely cut art-grade glass to shape, create permanent mosaic glass design on cement paver and secure with cement mortar and watersealer. From Deborah Sherl. [read more]
SUNSET PICTURES K - Gr. 5
Encouraging children to observe the sunsets more closely and be aware of colors and shadows during those moments. From Sinead Lawson. [read more]
TIN CAN SCULPTURE Gr. 3 - 12
Students will use reusable objects and individual creativity to create wonderful sculpture. Submitted by: Jeanne C. Wolf. [read more]
TISSUE PAPER PAINTING AND SCULPTURE K and up
Students will create sculptural images using tissue paper as paint. [read more]
TISSUE PAPER SUNFLOWERS PreK - Gr. 5
Students will make their own colorful sunflowers using tissue paper and glue. [read more]
(Section: Crafts)
TOOTHPICK SCULPTURE K - Gr. 8
Students will learn about sculpture as they create with toothpicks and marshmallows. From Judith Walsh. [read more]
VASE WITH POPPIES K - Gr. 5
When time is short, but children need to keep busy, I suggest doing this cut and paste activity. By Mrs. Wolf. [read more]
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New Jersey Weddings at The Heldrich
Romantic Weddings at The Heldrich in New Brunswick
Celebrating special moments take on a new meaning when they happen amid the unique style of The Heldrich. Incredible cuisine, attentive service and perfectly prepared settings will bring your New Jersey weddingto a higher level of refined sophistication and fun. For more information, please contact our Catering Team at 732-214-2214 or click here to e-mail us.
Let Us Turn Your Vision Into a Reality
Your wedding day is the memory you will talk about most often for the rest of your life and we take that responsibility very seriously. Maybe that's why we have been named as a "Best of Weddings" venue by The Knot, and New Jersey Bride listed us as a "Love It" location for weddings. Let our team of professional event coordinators shape your vision into the wedding day you always imagined.
And if you mention that you visited our website, we will include a complimentary two night stay in one of our luxurious one-bedroom suites on your wedding weekend, and extend a special discounted guestroom rate for all of your out of town guests if you choose The Heldrich Hotel to deliver your perfect day.
We are here to make your special day easy, fun, beautiful, and above anything else…memorable. Contact us today for a private consultation and see how we can turn your vision into a memory you will carry with you for the rest of your life, or click here to submit your event details and we will design the day you have always imagined.
Elegance. Opulence. Ambiance.
Anything but traditional, The Heldrich will ensure that where you celebrate is just as memorable as what you are celebrating. Whether you are hosting a casual brunch for a small group of friends or a grand gala for 400 guests, you can count on our experienced team to help you create an unrivaled affair. The Heldrich rises to the occasion with opulent décor, spacious venues, and lavish amenities. The highest quality of service, complete with tantalizing cuisine, magnificent table settings, and personalized enhancements, will set your wedding apart from the rest and leave your guests talking for years to come.
A Sophisticated and Versatile Venue
At last, a contemporary wedding hotel that has mastered the art of celebrations. Ideas come in many shapes and sizes, and our versatile event spaces offer a wealth of options. We feature a number of unique options for hosting elegant ceremonies. Our ballroom foyer, featuring 30 foot ceilings and an exquisite art collection, is an ideal backdrop for a wonderful cocktail reception. The ballroom's state-of-the-art lighting provides a sense of place, and the 14 foot ceilings provide a feeling of grandeur in a contemporary and sophisticated setting.
Planning Made Easy
You want your special day to be perfect, and that requires careful planning and coordination of the many aspects required to successfully host a large group of guests. The Heldrich is perfectly suited to meet multiple wedding needs all under one roof, and our team of planning professionals will work hand-in-hand with you to ensure that your guests are artfully accommodated throughout every step of your celebration, leaving you time to enjoy your special day. Our services include:
- Close proximity to numerous local ceremony venues such as Kirkpatric Chapel, Voorhees Chapel, Rutger's Gardens and Boyd Park.
- The Heldrich courtesy shuttle is available to transport small parties to/from ceremony venues, and provide service to/from the New Jersey Transit train station located four blocks from the hotel, based on availability
- 235 luxuriously appointed guestrooms, including 14 one and two bedroom suites available at discounted wedding block rates
- Full service hotel amenities for your guests including an indoor pool, health club, business center and room service
- An ideal location in the cosmopolitan heart of Downtown New Brunswick, just steps from a multitude of fine dining restaurants and lively night clubs.
- Intimate venues for rehearsal dinners, cocktail receptions, and post-wedding brunches, such as the private dining rooms in Christopher's Restaurant and the trendy Christopher's Lounge.
- Our on-site spa that features a wide variety of treatments including manicures, pedicures and hair styling services.
- Extended services such as gift bag delivery and valet parking
Special Perks for the Bride and Groom
The Heldrich wants you to celebrate your nuptials in the lap of luxury. Your wedding weekend at The Heldrich will include one complimentary night in a one bedroom suite. You may choose to enjoy a few peaceful moments before and after your special occasion, or you can use the spacious parlor room as a central gathering place for friends and family or as a ready room for your bridal party. Whatever you choose, we'll enhance your celebration with a special amenity, compliments of The Heldrich.


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Starbucks is rolling out new packaging for its K-Cups in the hopes of enticing consumers in the competitive grocery store aisles.
Another swing lower for crude oil couples with continuing developments in Brussels on Wednesday to keep investors weary.
Stocks post modest losses on Wednesday after crude oil settles below $40 a barrel.
Stocks hold at session lows on Wednesday morning after crude oil inventories increase more than expected in the past week.
Stock futures are largely flat on Wednesday morning as investors overcome jitters tied to a terrorist attack in Brussels a day earlier.
Keurig Green Mountain, Inc. (NASDAQ: GMCR) ("Keurig Green Mountain") and JAB Holding Company ("JAB") today announced the successful completion of the acquisition of Keurig Green Mountain by a JAB-led investor group.
The most recent short interest data has been released by the NASDAQ for the 02/12/2016 settlement date, and we here at Dividend Channel like to sift through this fresh data and order the underlying components of the S&P 500 by "days to cover." There are a number of ways to look at short data, for example the total number of shares short; but one metric that we find particularly useful is the "days to cover" metric because it considers both the total shares short and the average daily volume of shares typically traded. The number of shares short is then compared to the average daily volume, in order to calculate the total number of trading days it would take to close out all of the open short positions if every share traded represented a short position being closed.
Keurig Green Mountain, Inc. ("Keurig") (NASDAQ: GMCR) today announced the receipt on February 25, 2016 of regulatory clearance under the Competition Act (Canada) in connection with the previously announced merger between...
Keurig Green Mountain, Inc. ("Keurig") (NASDAQ: GMCR) announced that at a special meeting today, Keurig's stockholders formally approved the previously announced merger agreement relating to the proposed transaction between...
The Keurig® KOLD™ Drinkmaker, by Keurig Green Mountain, Inc.
Coca-Cola continues to be innovative as it seeks ways to offset weak soda sales.
U.S. stock futures are suggesting Wall Street will open lower Tuesday as oil prices fall again.
The CDC says the outbreaks are over for Chipotle Mexican Grill, while Coca-Cola goes on the acquisition trail in Nigeria.
Starbucks could part ways with Keurig Green Mountain in light of Keurig's plan to be acquired by a rival of Starbucks.
These stocks have both short-term gain catalysts and longer-term growth potential.
2016 can be a bubbly year for several beverage stocks, while others may go flat.
Keurig Green Mountain's (GMCR) board of directors recommended that shareholders vote in favor of being taken private by a group of investors led by JAB Holding.
The merits of quantitative easing in the post-crisis era are still debatable, but there's no denying that the program was kinder to some than it was others -- including stocks.
TheStreet looked at stocks that soared under the Federal Reserve's QE program, and Jim Cramer explains why some shares performed better than others.
Ignore the hoopla! We explore what's really going on with this Wall Street darling and what it means for investors.
Catch up on Jim Cramer's ideas from this past week, when he wrote about why contrarians sometimes make negative profits, and how the petro industry's pulling down everything it touches.
The securities litigation law firm of Brower Piven, A Professional Corporation, has commenced an investigation into possible breaches of fiduciary duty and other violations of state law by the Board of Directors of Keurig...
There are just a few Dow Industrial names that are still in uptrends, and that is not a healthy condition.
While some investors are throwing back all their cards and giving up, the skilled players are keeping what works and augmenting their hands with what'll keep working, Cramer says.


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Three of London's top Premier League clubs came together last Saturday, when 55 youngsters from Arsenal, Chelsea and Tottenham Hotspur's community programmes joined forces to take part in the 2011 Premier League 4 Sport London Tournament.
Held at the Sobell Leisure Centre in Islington, the event featured youngsters from all over the capital, who participated in competitive tournaments across the four sports covered by the Premier League 4 Sport programme - judo, volleyball, badminton and table tennis.
Arsenal's players were made up of youngsters from across Islington, Camden and Hackney including St Mary Magdalene Academy, Holloway School, St Aloysius College, Acland Burghley, Camden Schools for Girls and Cardinal Pole Catholic School.
Teams took part in a number of competitive tournaments on the day and each Club was successful in at least one sport, with Arsenal claiming the table tennis crown, Tottenham leading the way in judo and Chelsea scooping the volleyball and badminton prizes.
The badminton tournament, in particular, highlighted the fantastic spirit in which the event was played, with Arsenal satellite club player and young ambassador, Victor McCauley, swapping allegiance to Chelsea to help a shortfall in numbers and ending up as the overall winner! He said: "It was nice to win today's event and you get a lot of confidence from winning games in a tournament setting. Being a Spurs fan, but playing regularly for the Arsenal badminton team, it was strange playing for Chelsea on the day, but their staff were really nice and friendly and I was glad to help out!"
After the tournament, the youngsters were joined by Arsenal reserve goalkeeper, James Shea, who handed out trophies and certificates to the winners, before having a go on the table tennis robot machine.
Islington-born James commented: "Having grown up in the area, it's nice to see Arsenal and other Premier League clubs giving local kids the chance to keep active and get involved in different sports. It was good fun as well to have a go on the table tennis robot – I think we might have to get one for the training ground!"
Siobhan Atkinson, Premier League Community Development Officer, added: "It was a great event on Saturday and fantastic to see the 3 Premier League clubs working together to provide a competition for the young people involved in PL4S. I've no doubt it was inspiring for the young people to pull on the shirt of their respective Premier League Club and represent them in one of the four sports. Well done to all involved – while the rivalry was clearly there, the young people displayed great sportsmanlike behaviour and were a credit to their Clubs."
This event, the first of its kind in London, was a great success. It brought together three local football clubs and a number of governing bodies in order for it to happen and is another great advert for the Premier League 4 Sport programme, which aims to offer young people five hours of sport a week, as part of the London 2012 legacy plans.
Arsenal in the Community would like to extend thanks to Aquaterra, the Sobell Leisure Centre and all of the staff from the Chelsea and Tottenham Hotspur Foundations for their help and support on the day.Copyright 2017 The Arsenal Football Club plc. Permission to use quotations from this article is granted subject to appropriate credit being given to www.arsenal.com as the source


text: There is a huge interest in urban beekeeping here, with several local courses being oversubscribed. But rather than proactively lobbying to get the law clarified, the DC bee community has chosen to lay low. I'm not sure that strategy is consistent with my own wiring, and I have been quite aggressive in my outreach to get more hives in DC.


text: ok, i have a question about painting the resin kit blasters. I sanded it down, primed it, sanded it again, and have tried two different specialty metallic paints that leave permanent fingerprints days later. The full cure time is 24 hrs. but its dry to the touch in 15 minutes. Why is this happening? What is everyone else using to paint the handle and barrel?


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|Topic Review (Newest First)
|Just got it
My impression of Big Air--BETTER, but still needs MORE!
Well I guess everyone knows where I have been lately, so with that said I have had some time to go through the game.
I'm writing this post not from the view of a gamer, but more towards what you would want to see from the game being a snowboarder....and there are quite a few things better, that going to have some tech tricking appeal.
For one the carving and steering is much better. The flow of rotations is much better, it still needs more work, but its much smoother. The grabs do look better and more defined. There are still no physics in the grinding BUT, unlike Stoked, you can now scoot to the sides for better and trickier transfers (One challenge so far says it ALL, it is a sick sequence of 3 zigg zagged logs laid out, and then drops off a steep cliff, called Dark Tower) and there are other nicely laid out lines all over each of the 7 mtns, 4 of the 7, do have branded objects along the sides of the marked tracks, so you know where to find them, but everything, when you notice the lay out is much better for making that line from. I have found quite a few spots, that I just gasp after seeing how its laid out, and it soo sick when you finally nail it right!
The game has all the challenge types categorized so you can just drop right to them. All the gates are better spaced apart this time, meaning you won't cut it so short of area to do the required tricks for sponsor and pro-challenges like in Stoked. There are a few things though I see at the moment that will need adjusting, the shifties are not as responsive, the speed may be a bit too high, and the apex cam for larger jumps may be zoomed out too far. There is more to like about Big Air, with nearly 3 times as much "session spots" to do that sick sequence you have got in your head. The new mtns alone are even better, Laxx is sweet with, tables, boxes and hand rails, and as I said they have things laid to transfer 3-4 times if your good with the timing.
The walking is even faster so when scope your spot out, you can get back up to it really quick. You may or may not like the racing, the SSX fans WILL LIKE IT, and not being a big fan of racing modes, these are well designed, and feel technical, you can use triggers for sharper turns around those tight turns in the paths. For SSX type when you can go fast enough it goes into the bluuurrrred speed mode, and the speed is crazy fast. Again, there are is more to like about Big Air then there is not, but don't get the impression this is it! No, not by a long shot! Still missing all point axis control for corks/rodoes/rotational grinds/presses, replay editor/ video upload page, more online variety and events comps opened to playable online matches, kicker and rail maker/editor, and 'possible' natural half pipe.
Stoked is good, Big Air is better and I am assuring you the sequel that will follow Big Air WILL HAVE THAT "WOW" factor with the above that still has to be done to this game, and it will and THIS TIME I will see to it we get the the FULL COMPLETE SEQUEL and that it WILL NOT be released/finalized until it is really done. There won't be anymore of how they have been releasing these last 2 titles again, as much time as needed will be taken to get it all right. They will listen to me too if they don't want to loose the biggest supporter and motivator they have for this game, so believe me when I tell you I have gained an upper hand. As long the community BACKS me it will be done all the right way!!
Just because I was pulled in doesn't mean I would lie to sell you this game for their profits. If it was crap, believe me you would have heard from me sooner than now on soap box from hell for sticking my neck out there for them...not the case, so go get Big Air, it will be worth it when your on down time from the real slopes!
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The man drought
15 February 2014 , 6:45 AM by Rob Minshull
The "man drought" is an expression that has been used by demographers to describe the demographic reality in Australia of a population where women exceed that of men.
Across Australia, there are almost 100,000 more women than men, but is that good news for the blokes and tough luck for the women? And what is the picture like in Queensland?
Mark McCrindle is a social researcher.
You can read Mark McCrindle's research on the man drought by clicking here.
Photo courtesy of NYCArthur flickr.com
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We all know what it's like – the frustration of tearing the house upside down looking for something, the longer it takes the more doubt sets in, but then you find it – woo-hoo!
Well this is one of those moments – on a grand scale. Physicists have found a new particle, possibly one that they have been hunting for almost 50 years. It is called the Higgs boson.
The particle was suggested to exist back in 1964. Professor Higgs (and others) came up with the idea as they pieced together the different types of subatomic particles and forces known to fill our Universe. It's called the Standard Model and it describes how things work on a fundamental level.
But there was something missing. Those tiny subatomic particles need a way to obtain mass – it turns out it's not an inbuilt process. Higgs put forward that mass could be transferred through a kind of field that's all around us.
It sounds strange, but think of other fields that you know. There's the magnetic field – most of us have seen the trick of putting iron filings on a sheet of paper and watching them all align when a magnetic is placed nearby. Earth's gravitational field is another one, we don't see it but we feel its effects all the time.
The idea is that subatomic particles could obtain mass by interacting with the Higgs field and the Higgs boson is the particle connected to that field. But it is incredibly elusive; it can only exist for a tiny fraction of a second before breaking down.
How do you find such a thing? It's done by smashing protons together at very high speeds.
The Large Hadron Collider, underneath the Franco-Swiss border, accelerates the protons and then they collide in detectors like ATLAS that measure the fall out. What I find amazing about these collisions is that the protons don't just shatter. There is so much energy in the collision that new particles are created. It's just like Einstein said, energy can turn into matter.
A LEGO model of the ATLAS detector, currently on display at Scienceworks.Image: B. HealleySource: Museum Victoria
A Higgs boson is expected to appear once every trillion collisions, so they're incredibly hard to find. What's more, physicists weren't quite sure where to look – it wasn't known how energetic the collisions had to be for the chance to create a Higgs boson.
But now a new particle has been found and much follow up will be done to confirm that it has all the characteristics expected for the Higgs boson.
It's a huge leap forward, and like most scientific leaps, when first discovered it's hard to get our heads around it. I'm sure a hundred years ago, when British physicist J. J. Thompson first announced the discovery of the electron, people were left scratching their heads. I'm just excited to know that I was around for such a discovery. That's pretty cool.
ARC Centre of Excellence for Particle Physics at the Terascale
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Updates on what's happening at Melbourne Museum, the Immigration Museum, Scienceworks, the Royal Exhibition Building, and beyond.
Kitty, just a small correction to your story. It appears that our family was on the same trip. My memory is that we arrived in Melbourne on 8 December, the la...
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text: Crystal Crochet Skirt Style: 570068046 Out of Stock Love it? Everyone else did too. This item sold out! Use our search tool, chat online or call 1.888.855.4986 to find something equally desirable. Utterly unique in our beautiful blue hue. The crochet skirt finished with fringe is a must-have for seasons of style. Pull-on styling with elastic waistband. Length 34.5". 100% rayon. Lining: 100% polyester. Dry clean. Imported. Read More… Share on Facebook Tweet Pin


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Posted by Richard Fichera on September 15, 2011
Well, maybe everybody is saying "cloud" these days, but my first impression of Microsoft Windows Server 8 (not the final name) is that Microsoft has been listening very closely to what customers want from an OS that can support both public and private enterprise cloud implementations. And most importantly, the things that they have built into WS8 for "clouds" also look like they make life easier for plain old enterprise IT.
Microsoft appears to have focused its efforts on several key themes, all of which benefit legacy IT architectures as well as emerging clouds:


text: Lorelei Multi-Strand Necklace Style: 570065021 Out of Stock Love it? Everyone else did too. This item sold out! Use our search tool, chat online or call 1.888.855.4986 to find something equally desirable. Layers of see-through stones and metal medallions. Adjusts from 32" to 36". Glass and metal. Read More… Share on Facebook Tweet Pin


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Wrybaby Bodysuits
A bodysuit is the one things babies have that grown ups cannot. Imagine going to work in a one piece outfit! You'd be sent home! And yet, everyone would be envious of your bravery. Bodysuits are just so efficient, after all. Stupid lucky babies.
Ends on March 17 at 9AM CT


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Good morning Chrysler:
Chrysler Group LLC Reports September 2012 U.S. Sales Increased 12 Percent; Best September Sales in Five Years
*Best September sales since 2007
*30th-consecutive month of year-over-year sales gains
*Third-quarter sales up 13 percent versus same quarter a year ago
*Chrysler, Jeep®, Dodge, Ram Truck, and FIAT brands each post sales increases in September compared with same month a year ago
*FIAT brand sets all-time sales record with 51 percent increase
*Both Fiat 500 and Fiat 500 Cabrio record sizeable sales gains
*Dodge brand sales up 18 percent; best September sales since 2007
*Sales of the all-new Dodge Dart up 72 percent compared with previous month as production ramp up continues in Belvidere, Ill. assembly plant
*Dodge Journey sales up 41 percent; sets sales record for month of September; named a Road & Travel Top 10 Pick in its 2012 SUV Buyers Guide
*Dodge Avenger mid-size sedan sales up 89 percent; sets sales record for month of September
*Dodge Grand Caravan sales increase 32 percent; best sales since 2006
*Jeep brand sales increase 10 percent; best September sales since 2006
*Iconic Jeep Wrangler and Jeep Patriot compact sport-utility vehicle (SUV) each set sales records for month of September
*Jeep Grand Cherokee sales up 19 percent compared with same month a year ago; best September sales since 2005
*Chrysler brand sales up 5 percent; best September sales since 2007
*Chrysler 200 mid-size sedan sets sales record for month of September
*Chrysler 300 flagship sedan posts best September sales since 2007
*Ram Truck brand sales up 4 percent compared with same month last year
*Ram Cargo Van sales up 223 percent versus same month a year ago
*Ram Truck brand unveils new 2013 Ram 2500 and 3500 Heavy Duty pickups and 3500, 4500 and 5500 Chassis Cab work trucks at Texas State Fair
October 2, 2012 , Auburn Hills, Mich. - Chrysler Group LLC today reported U.S. sales of 142,041 units, a 12 percent increase compared with sales in September 2011 (127,336 units), and the groups best September sales since 2007.
The Chrysler, Jeep®, Dodge, Ram Truck and FIAT brands each posted year-over-year sales gains in September compared with the same month a year ago. The FIAT brands 51 percent increase was the largest sales gain of any Chrysler Group brand for the month. September marked Chrysler Groups 30th-consecutive month of year-over-year sales gains.
More: http://media.chrysler.com/newsrelease.do?id=13251&mid=2


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About ECRI
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Council of Europe Anti-Racism Commission visits Bosnia and Herzegovina
Strasbourg, 18.03.2010 - A delegation of the European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI) visited Bosnia and Herzegovina from 8 to 12 March 2010. During its visit, ECRI´s delegation gathered information on the implementation of the recommendations it made to the authorities in its 2005 report and discussed new issues that have emerged since.
The delegation held meetings in Sarajevo, Mostar, Banja Luka, Stolac and Prnjavor with representatives of all relevant ministries and human rights NGOs.
Following this visit, ECRI will adopt a report in which it will make a fresh set of recommendations on measures to be taken by the authorities to address racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia, antisemitism and intolerance in the country. Among these, three will be revisited in two years' time as part of an interim follow-up procedure.
In its 2005 report ECRI had found that severe problems of racism and racial (including ethnic and religious) discrimination persisted, often as a result of nationalist policies pursued by ethnically based political parties. In ECRI´s view, such problems aggravated the situation of certain groups within a society generally affected by the very difficult post-war socio-economic conditions. ECRI also said that problems of direct and indirect discrimination were pervasive in several areas of life, especially in education, employment, housing and access to health services.
ECRI is an independent human rights body of the Council of Europe which monitors problems of racism and intolerance, prepares reports and issues recommendations to member States. For more information on ECRI: www.coe.int/ecri
Link to 2005 ECRI report on Bosnia and Herzegovina
Press contact: Stéphanie Marsal, Tel: +33 (0)3 90 21 43 28, firstname.lastname@example.com
Council of Europe Directorate of Communication
Tel: +33 (0)3 88 41 25 60
Fax:+33 (0)3 88 41 39 11


text:
Black False eyelashes Black defined lashes Synthetic lashes Includes eyelash Adhesive Eyelashes By Eldora Dark defined synthetic false eyelashes by Eldora. These stunning false eyelashes will give your eyes definition. Instructions for applying your false eyelashes 1) Try against original length of lashes before applying or trimming them. Bring false eyelash to eyelid as close to your natural eyelash line as possible, starting from outer corner. 2) If the eyelash is too wide for your eyes, snip off a few hairs on one end and test it again. Repeat this until the width suits you and trim the other pair of eyelashes to match. If the eyelash is too long, trim the length of the eyelash by pointing the end of the scissors into the tips of the eyelash and snip into the eyelash. Do not cut across in one swoop to achieve a more natural uneven result. 3) Apply a thin coat of eyelash adhesive along eyelash band. If necessary, use a tooth pick or the end of tweezers to even out the adhesive. 4) Wait for a few seconds until glue becomes tacky. Looking down into the mirror, place the eyelash as close to your natural lash line as possible along its length. Adjust using finger tips or tweezers while glue is still pliable to your satisfactory result. 5) Let the glue dry and test the eyelashes out by lightly pressing them upward with your finger. When they are completely dry, blend your natural eyelashes into them using your fingers, an eyelash or eyebrow brush or an eyelash curler or by applying a thin coat of mascara. How to remove false eyelashes 1) Remove your false eyelashes with a makeup remover. Using a cotton bud, gently apply the remover along the edge of the eyelash. Gently peel the eyellash off your eyelid, starting at outer corner. 2) To clean false eyelashes, place them on a counter and put a few drops of water over them. After a minute or so it will be easy to pull the glue off the strip. Let dry and store the eyelashes on the original tray and packaging to avoid them losing shape. You can reuse the eyelashes.
Produkterna levereras av självständiga detaljhandlare belägna runt om i Europa. Leveranstiderna och fraktavgifterna varierar beroende på var återförsäljaren har sitt säte och det valda leveranssättet.
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Vi skickar en leveransbekräftelse till din e-postadress så snart din beställning har gått iväg. Du kan också kontrollera beställningens status på Min profil → Mina beställningar.
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Goods must be returned without undue delay and in any event not later than 14 days after notifying us of your cancellation.
If you are returning products to several retailers, you should distribute the products accordingly and send the products to those retailers who shipped them to you initially.
We strongly recommend that you use registered mail (and insure any high-value packages), since neither Fruugo nor the retailer take responsibility for shipments that are lost or damaged during return transportation.
Please ensure you retain a proof of postage receipt so in the unlikely event your parcel goes missing, you will have proof you sent it.
You will be refunded within 14 days of the retailer receiving back the goods. We will notify you by e-mail once the products reach the retailer and are accepted for return. Where a retailer has offered to collect the goods, you will be refunded within 14 days of cancelling your contract.
Unless a product or products you wish to return arrived to you damaged or faulty, you are responsible for the return transportation costs.
Providing you are returning all the products from a specific retailer, we will refund the standard shipping costs you paid for the original delivery. If you chose to pay for a non-standard delivery, we will only refund the cost of our least expensive, standard delivery.
Damaged or faulty goods
If you receive a damaged, broken, or defective product, please notify Fruugo customer care as soon as possible. Include at least the following information:
We will generally instruct you to ship the damaged product back to the retailer. As soon as it reaches the retailer, they will send you a replacement product. If the replacement can't be made, or if you wish to cancel the order, you will be refunded in full. You will also be reimbursed for reasonable returns postage costs for damaged or faulty goods once we have received your postage receipt.
If the outer packaging of your order is clearly damaged on arrival, and you are suspecting that the products are damaged as well, you can either reject the delivery or accept the goods and sign for them as damaged. In both instances, please notify Fruugo customer care as soon as possible.
Refusing delivery
If you refuse to accept delivery of all or part of your order (where the products or packaging do not appear to be damaged or defective) you will be responsible for the postage charges. Any fees and charges incurred by the retailer due to a package being refused will be deducted from your merchandise refund.