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The Hayfield Manor ethos to take care of guests, making them feel relaxed and pampered, is especially prevalent at the Beautique Spa. Here, Spa Manager Tanya Mansfield and the Beautique team are eager to treat new and returning guests to indulgent Elemis treatments, products and time-out. With this in mind, attractive Spa Special Offers are created on a monthly basis.
A great deal of thought is invested in to exactly what spa special offers and treatments will suit the season and will appeal to you.
At the Beautique Spa your loyal custom is appreciated & we hope you enjoy these Spa Special Offers.
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'What is going on here? Why should there be such a dramatic difference in play between the Buffalo, a 27-point team, and the Wings, who came into the game with just eight more? The Sabres are in a full-fledged slump, especially in the offensive zone. The power play has fallen to 25th in the league, and against Detroit – a team ranked 14th in penalty killing, which is good but not fantastic – Buffalo could barely get set up, much less manage quality scoring chances.'
Theories don't pay off for Buffalo
December 12, 2003 Submitted by
Via: Dunkirk Observer

subset: commoncrawl


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[Date Index]
[Thread Index]
[Author Index]
Re: Re: Range of Use of Mathematica
On May 24, 2008, at 2:53 AM , AES wrote:
> In article <g15qp8$pe6$1 at smc.vnet.net>,
> Brett Champion <brettc at wolfram.com> wrote:
>> I'll point out that we also offer seminars on a variety of topics
>> that
>> are free, except for an hour or so of your time. You can find more
>> information at http://www.wolfram.com/services/education/seminars/.
> Straightforward question: Can these seminars be downloaded,
> subsequent
> to their presentation?
The seminar materials can be once the seminar starts.
> -- or legitimately be captured or recorded on a
> Mac or PC during the time of their presentation?
I don't see why a screen capture program wouldn't work, although I'm
not sure if the audio would get picked up. I think everyone calls
into a phone number in addition to connecting their computer to the
web conference site.)


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Where possible we would advise you to order a sample. A physical sample that you can see and touch will allow you to understand a fabric and its colours better as sometimes colours can be distorted by individual monitor settings.
|Width / Printed
|Weight m² (+/- 5%) / Unprinted
|PF 1001 Matt - FLEX
|145 cms
|190 g/m²
|82% Polyester
18% Lycra
1 mtr = 1.0936 yards
Washing Instructions
Hand Wash using cold water. Do not use detergent, do not scrub and do not soak.
Although most fabrics will perform to a higher standard we recommend customers perform their own tests.
What is Friedmans Minimum Order Policy?
To qualify for a wholesale account and benefit from preferential prices you will be asked upon account registration to accept our miniumum order policy, which is 5 x 10mtr assorted items or 20mtrs of a single item. Any orders placed for less than the agreed values may not be accepted.
If you are unable to meet the wholesale minimum order requirements you are still able to purchase our fabulous fabrics through who stock a large selection of our designs and offer these from as little as 0.50cms.


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Laws, Regulations & Annotations
Business Taxes Law Guide – Revision 2011
Cigarette and Tobacco Products Tax Law
Article 1. Licenses and Bonds
Section 30147
30147. Issuance and display of license. Upon receipt of a completed application and such bonds or other security as may be required by the board under this part, the board shall issue to the applicant a license as a distributor. A separate license shall be issued for each place of business of the distributor within the State. A license is valid only for engaging in business as a distributor at the place designated thereon, and it shall at all times be conspicuously displayed at the place for which issued. The license is not transferable and is valid until canceled, suspended, or revoked.


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Don't Throw Us into That Breyer Patch!
posted at 12:07 am on June 22, 2010 by Dafydd ab Hugh
Today, John Roberts and the Supremes upheld a Bush-era, post-9/11 law prohibiting aiding terrorist groups with any kind of "material support" — including training and even purely verbal "expert advice or assistance":
Chief Justice John G. Roberts Jr., writing for the majority in the 6-to-3 decision, said the law's prohibition of providing some types of intangible assistance to groups the State Department says engage in terrorism did not violate the First Amendment.
All the legal beagles will no doubt opine, offering much more authoritative analyses than mere reptiles can produce. But there are a couple oblique angles to this story that are right down our lizard holes.
First, the decision contained an unexpected (and unremarked) boot-to-the-head of Elena Kagan, President Barak H. Obama's second Supreme Court nominee (the first was Justice Sonia Sotomayor — who of course dissented, voting to allow peaceniks to give as much verbal aid and comfort to the enemy as they wish).
First, let's watch the New York Times carry water:
The decision was a victory for Solicitor General Elena Kagan, who argued the case in February and whose confirmation hearings for a seat on the court are scheduled to start next week.
And now, the rest of the story:
But Chief Justice Roberts said the government had advanced a position that was too extreme and did not take adequate account of the free speech interests at stake.
"The government is wrong," the chief justice wrote, "that the only thing actually at issue in this litigation is conduct" and not speech protected by the First Amendment protection. But he went on to say the government's interest in combating terrorism was enough to overcome that protection.
In other words, the Obamunist nominated a woman to the Supreme Court who did not even recognize what was implicitly understood by all nine sitting justices, including Obama's first nominee to the Court: That there is a freedom-of-speech element to this case.
The only disagreement among the judges and justices who have heard the case is whether national security trumps freedom of speech in this case — not whether freedom of speech even exists! It's a very telling lapse in judgment on Kagan's part.
The second misaligned angle is also telling; it "tells" of the nigh-irrepressible ability on the part of liberal-activist judges, like Justice Stephen Breyer, to flip principle on its head in order to achieve a desired outcome.
Perennial hand-wringing, ultra-liberal Justice Breyer was one of the three dissenters to this decision (the others being Sotomayor and Ruth Bader Ginsburg). In fact, Breyer was so consumed by his disgust that he pointedly read his dissent aloud from the bench:
Justice Stephen G. Breyer took the unusual step of summarizing his dissent from the bench. He said the majority had drawn a false analogy between the two kinds of assistance.
"Money given for a charitable purpose might free up other money used to buy arms," Justice Breyer said from the bench. But the same cannot be said, he went on, "where teaching human rights law is involved."
To summarize, Breyer believes that freedom of speech is so vital, so central to what it means to be American, that it must prevail — even when that speech is intended to help our terrorist enemies, to train them to gain power advantages with words, advantages they later can exploit as a launching pad for violence. (For example, American leftists "peacefully" arguing on behalf of Hamas at the U.N. or the World Court to force Israel to loosen the Gaza blockade, while secretly hoping Hamas can then more easily sneak Scud missiles into Gaza and fire them at Tel Aviv.)
You just can't hold down that freedom of speech! Everybody has it, everyone should be allowed to express it, whenever and wherever.
Oh, wait — unless the expresser happens to be a corporation and the expression happens to be "electioneering communications"… that is, a corporation's political freedom of speech ends thirty days before a primary election and sixty days before a general election. Those time windows constitute "no electioneering zones" — for corporations and unions. And Justice Breyer enthusiastically favors cutting off freedom of speech during those windows: In 2003, he joined the opinion by Chief Justice William Rehnquist in McConnell v. F.E.C., 540 U.S. 93 (2003), upholding the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act, a.k.a. "McCain-Feingold."
Not only did Breyer support that ban, he also joined Justice John Paul Stevens' dissent this year from Citizens United v F.E.C., 558 U.S. 50 (2010); the Stevens dissent included language specifically bemoaning the fact that the Court had finally struck down the grotesque prohibition on corporate-funded adverts within those time windows.
(Note that Stevens, however, is not two-faced here: He opposes corporate speech before elections, but he also opposes speech by terrorist groupies on the Left.)
So let's sort out Breyer's patch of intellectual real estate:
- Helping terrorist organizations enlarge their power by verbal means, thus freeing up resources to use in terrorist attacks and other crimes… that's Breyer-approved freedom of speech!
- A private oil company airing an advertisement this October against some incrumbent Democrat who is pushing to permanently ban all offshore drilling… in the Breyer patch, that's criminal behavior!
The cream of left-liberal jurisprudence thus runs the gamut from one Obama Court nominee who can't even see a freedom of speech issue that's standing up and barking for her attention; a sitting justice who sees nothing but freedom of speech, and for whom national-security issues are completely invisible; and a third liberal appointee who supports freedom of speech whenever it helps the Left — but who manifests acute MEGO syndrome when it does not.
Just so you know.
Cross-posted on Big Lizards…


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I do not have access to or familarality with air brushing. Is it possible to paint ESB Fett wthout airbrush skills?
Printable View
I do not have access to or familarality with air brushing. Is it possible to paint ESB Fett wthout airbrush skills?
I am going to have to watch your thread. I have the same question.
I am ready to start buying armor but I need some more guidance on the painting.
I think there are more subtleties in the shading on the ESB armor than on the ROTJ armor. Those would be harder to do without the benefit of an airbrush.
But I think a bigger advantage to airbrushing is that it opens up the range of colors you can use immensely. If you're spray painting armor or a helmet with rattle can paints, the selection of colors only goes so far. There are some very specific colors in the Floquil line that are believed to be the colors applied to the screen used costume. Floquil does make some spray cans, but not all the colors that would be needed for a Fett costume.
In my opinion, it would be difficult to get a smooth finish without spraying or airbrushing.
There are some very inexpensive single action airbrush kits out there. For the first few years I was into prop painting, I got by with a $25 Badger set up that used canned air. If you're painting decent sized pieces (like armor plates or a helmet), something like that should do just fine. If you paint with acrylics, you don't even have to bother with paint thinner. Acrylics mix and clean up with water. :)
how hard is it to airbrush? I'm not a artist by any means.
It is not hard at all. I bought my very first airbrush and mini-compressor with my recent first build, and I was surprised at how simple it was. I was intimidated just as you, but after reading the quick-start insert and doing a couple of practice sessions, I found it to be easier than rattle cans.
Amazon has some nice package deals on airbrushes.
Also, I've put together a mind map of paint colors for airbrush paints.
It's an easy way to go.
Thanks Gravity I'm now going to have to purchase on now.
Just a short additional comment from me (as superjedi did nail it perfectly):
The different layers of paint are much thinner than using spraycans. You fog it on so to say. This way you have more control and a pretty nice shading.
thanks guys. I think I may be teaching myself to airbrush. Hey 1mando. keep me posted on your progress. I will return the favor when I start.
Anybody have any suggestions on an easy and inexpensive airbrush kit?
I went with Iwata. I cashed in some Amex Reward Points on Amazon.
Don't go cheap. Stick with name brands.
Also, I went with the bottle feed, dual-action model.
The answer is as simple or as complex as you make it or how accurate you want your helmet to be.
If you want it to be "close enough", than yes, by all means you can paint an ESB helmet without an airbrush and get decent results.
If you lack the "artistic" skill/dedication/experience to use an airbrush, than unfortunately you may not have good results with painting an accurate helmet. Much in the same way, if you don't want to use an airbrush because you do not want to spend the money on an airbrush, than you will ultimately be disappointed in this hobby. That's just my 2cents though.
My advice would be to research, research, research. This forum has a wealth of valuable information, you just have to spend the times searching out all of the answers.
Hope that helps a little and good luck with your Boba-build :)
Hi All,
Sorry but I have initially posted on the incorrect thread ... DOH:facepalm but I have taken photos of swatches of some of the paints for the ESB armour under the thread I started called "ESB and ROTJ original paint colors for Helmet and Armor"
Some people have had good results with spray cans....is it easy NO....can it be done ABSOLUTELY. BUT you have LESS control than you would with an airbrush and experience with an airbrush....so if you have little or no spray can skills as in fading etc...i would try and learn to airbrush there are subtle colors in both the ESB and ROTJ armor and helmet....ultimately its up to you but you can easily spend alot of money either way you go really, there are different caps for spray painting graffiti that would lend themselves to armor for different patterns if you just CANT go with an airbrush but then it also would take practice and knowing which caps and where to get them
I have sprayed my helmet start to finish with spray cans. The results are good (see photo), but working out the costs. I could have bought an airbrush and the small pots with smaller amounts of paint, however spending £7 a pop on a spray can is also an expensive way to go. I am ordering myself some RKD armour next month after Christmas and I am going to use the cheap airbrush I bought. :)
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Jodo Kast XIII..
Hope this helps...
Printable View
Jodo Kast XIII..
Hope this helps...
Thanks a lot JK3. I do believe I'll be getting the RA jumpsuit too now :)
I like the color of the jumpsuit, not like others that are too blue. RA hmmmm, I like it.
I absolutely love it.
ok its from 2002,why do you actually do this stuff sniffer???
Because he can. :lol
I only see a red x....
I feel left out:cry
Well this thread is 4 freakin years old!!!
That pic is looong gone.
sniff on, sniffer, sniff on:lol
What an awesome pic! it's the best red X i've ever seen! :lol
Could you repost the pic, JK3? If the sniffer himself has awoken this 4-years old thread, I suppose that it's not to let us seeing a red 'X', no? ;)
I wish you would sniff on...as in sniff on to another board where you can resurrect 4 year old threads, troll for post counts, and generally frolic amongst the brainless where apparently you may fit best.
Bottomline, contribute something or leave, please.
sniffer do you even have/in the process of making a costume??
all you do here is bring old threads,and then say taht "the sniffer likes your costume"
why are you here?
(((( Questions from a Sniffer)))), the sniffer wanted to start a halloween pumpkin with the head of Boba Fett (aborted project). now, the sniffer is on (((((A Sniffers Project))))), where he's trying to scratchbuild a Jango armor from found objects. He have a great idea, and now have collected... Vinegar & orange juice bottles.
I don't know if the Sniffer has achieve a costume, but it is not interesting. This forum is not an academy of costumers, just a Forum about Costuming. When you join this forum, you are not obligated to have your costume, or build your costume.
I don't want to hurt anyone. If you have been offensed by this reply, please accept my deepest humble excuses. So, good morning, good afternoon, good evening, and good night.:lol
although i DO see how the sniffers comment could def. confuse ppl....i odnt understand why ppl are so quick to want to stone this guy....lighten up peeps
The sniffer is like....the time team....he digs up old roman burial grounds an examines them!:lol
....i think its quite humerous....
Okay, I think I have written this too quickly. :( :thumbsdown :thumbsdown :thumbsdown
Words are faster than mind. The Sniffer is one of the very notorious members of this forum. My apologies to The sniffer. I don't want to have ennemies here.
Silence is better than words, because words bring ennemies faster than allies.
its annoying to many of us,it seems like he is only here to dig up things for no reason,although he is probably a cool guy,he just seems like hes here..just to spam
whatever think what you want,its a simple question and i asked him why he did it,and all i get are replies from other people
LOL, this is to funny. Everyone pick up their pitchforks and light their torches so that we can go to Castle Sniffer and burn it down.
This is being addressed as I type this.
Everyone put your torches and pitchforks down...
For now.


text:
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Traditionally, the task of surveillance video review has fallen to trained security personnel. Capable of monitoring a modest number of incoming video streams, such personnel become progressively less effective as the volume of video data grows and overloads the ability of the human eye/brain to process visual details. Exacerbating the problem is sheer fatigue, with long shift hours degrading the monitoring abilities of security staff still further.
Adding more security personnel is a very costly option that, while reducing the number of video streams each security staff member must review, still fails to eliminate the inherent disadvantages (limited attention span, interruptions and distractions, fatigue) that accompany human monitoring of video data.
Conventional video surveillance systems can record what they see, but they can't make sense of what they are viewing. That duty is typically the responsibility of security staff members, who have watched their jobs become increasingly demanding as the average number of surveillance cameras deployed grows.
As one industry expert notes, "In the past, security personnel viewed one camera on a single monitor. Now it is not uncommon to find them looking at 20 cameras linked to a single display. After 20 minutes of surveying, the human attention to video detail degenerates to an unacceptable level and video surveillance becomes meaningless. Traditional video surveillance can no longer meet the increased demands of the industry." Of course, some surveillance systems employ cameras that utilize video motion detection, but depending on how and where they are deployed, such systems can generate frequent false alarms. Motion detection makes no distinction between falling leaves, a leaping cat or an adventurous burglar.
IVS software overcomes such limitations, enabling video surveillance equipment manufacturers and system integrators to create intelligent video solutions that see and process visual information similarly to humans. For example, such video analytics systems can distinguish between a person and a car. These systems can be programmed to track only objects identified as human and send an alert when the subject violates pre-defined rules, such as climbing over a wall.
Given the many ways intelligent video surveillance systems can pay dividends in a broad range of security environments, from shopping centers and airports to corporate headquarters and manufacturing plants, it is no wonder that the world market for video content analysis (VCA) software will continue to grow. As can be seen below, the value proposition of IVS systems is comprehensive, encompassing greater cost-effectiveness and higher-quality surveillance, as well as greater scalability:
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For example, a 24×7 stream of surveillance video data recorded at 30 frames per second (fps),1280×1024 (NTSC) resolution and utilizing H.264 compression offers a great deal of video detail for the IVS system to work with—but it can fill a 500GB hard drive in only seven days. IVS systems typically perform their analysis on recorded video, not live streams; thus, sufficient drive space must be available to store video until it can be analyzed.
Furthermore, the value of such video data persists after that first IVS analysis. While security personnel may initially configure the IVS system to focus on one type of suspicious activity, months later that same video data can be re-analyzed for a different set of patterns or behaviors should security priorities change. Such extended usability of video data demonstrates the value of longer archival periods and the need for more archival storage capacity.
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To be sure, the benefits of surveillance hard drives go well beyond their enormous capacity. PC-based drives are designed for data integrity, while the drives used in personal video recorders are biased towards streaming integrity. However, IVS systems require a blend of smooth streaming, high data integrity and superior reliability that is only available from drives expressly engineered for dedicated surveillance use.
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text:
Hey again. Read this poem on the 501st central garrison forums and immediately thought of TDH. So I had to post it.
Credit and thanks to "Imperial Mistress" (http://www.myspace.com/imperialmistress) for this!
'Twas the night before Christmas, when all through the stars
Things were all right, except for some wars;
The stockings were hung in my smuggling freighter,
In hopes that St. Bobafett would stop by here later;
The clients were nestled all snug in my ship
(They promised 17 thou for an Alderaan trip);
My first mate in fur and I in my vest
Napped, eager for the pay from our guests.
When out on the hull there arose such a buzz,
I checked the ship's sensors to see what the deal was.
I picked up visual scanning and looked into space,
Pressing against the canopy the nose on my face.
The stars in the distance lightened the Falcon in motion,
Making things brighter than a TIE fighter explosion,
When, what to my wondering eyes looked upon,
But an elephant-looking ship, and eight tiny tauntauns,
With a masked, armored pilot, if I were to bet,
I would in a flash have said it was Fett.
More rapid than speeders, his coursers they came,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name;
Now, Johnny! now, Ralphie! now Benny, and Gary!
On Irvin! on Frankie! on Richie, and Larry!
To the top of the Falcon! to the ship's quadrant rear!
Now dash away! dash away! dash away near!"
As mynocks onto your ship they will hug,
Whenever you're in the intestines of a giant space slug,
So on to the Falcon the tauntauns they flew,
With a cargo hold of toys, and St. Bobafett too.
And then, on the hull, I heard the beasts walk about
(They smell worse on the inside than they do on the out).
As I left the cockpit and snuck through the lounge,
In the exhaust port St. Bobafett came with a bound.
Accentuating his armor were a red velvet cloak,
a hat, and two gloves (all were blackened by smoke);
A bundle of toys he had flung on his back,
Careful not to set off his touchy jet pack.
His mask -- it was weathered! His cape was all torn!
His boots had small holes, his pants were all worn!
While his bounty hunting skills left much to be desired,
One who gives gifts and good cheer must be admired.
He downed the blue milk and wolfed all the cookies
That were set there for him by me and the Wookiee,
He sure loved dessert, since he sported a gut
That shook when he mumbled, like a certain vile Hutt.
He clumsily sneaked, without right jolly old guile,
So I let loose a sheepish grin, in true Harrison style;
His glance towards me, his salute as I peeked,
Soon gave me to know 'twas not bounty he seeked;
He murmered a bit, that guy so laconic,
While filling the stockings with gadgets 'lectronic.
Then laying his finger aside his trademark mask "T",
And giving a nod, out the exhaust port he fleed;
Towards the stars he then flew, only without his starship;
His jet pack had fired 'cause the Unlucky One had tripped!
I heard him cry out -- though effeminately like Ma --
Happy Holidays!


text:
COCC hit-and-run leads to 2 arrests
Man charged with driving car, woman with hiding him
Thanks to a citizen's tip, a Bend man was found and arrested in a raid on an apartment near Central Oregon Community College on Thursday. He's accused of a wee-hours hit-and-run crash into an RV parked at the college with three people inside, as well as a tree, another parked car and the front doors of the Campus Center, police said.
Todd William Marshall, 37, was arrested in a raid on an apartment at the Awbrey Pines Apartments, 2500 NW Regency St. Apartment resident Velma Reyes, 31, was not in the red Mitsubishi that caused over $10,000 in damage at COCC, but she was arrested during the raid on charges she hid Marshall in her apartment, said Lt. Brian Kindel.
Police responded shortly after 2 a.m. to a report of a hit-and-run at COCC, Kindel said. The caller followed the car to the apartments, where he saw it park and a man go into an apartment.
Speed and alcohol are believed to be factors in the crash, Kindel said, adding that no one in the RV was hurt. Further charges are possible, pending results of toxicology tests, he said.
Marshall was taken to St. Charles-Bend for treatment of injuries sustained in the crash, then to the Deschutes County Jail on several charges, from hit-and-run (property damage) to first-degree criminal mischief, reckless endangering, reckless driving and a felony probation violation. He was held without bail on an out-of-county warrant, jail records showed.
Reyes was booked into the jail on charges of hindering prosecution and interfering with a peace officer.


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Posted by Moira Dorsey on January 29, 2010
New technologies follow a pattern. They start by imitating older technologies before they evolve to their true forms. The first automobiles looked like horseless carriages. It wasn't until the Vintage Era of the 1920's that cars evolved to a form that we'd recognize today with features like front-engines, enclosed cabs, and electric starters. Televisions started off copying radios - they looked more like an armoire with a small screen stuck on the front.
In the process of working on my latest piece of research, it became clear that the Web has followed a similar pattern. Early sites imitated a much older medium - paper. And even though 'web page' still dominates our thinking, online experiences have begun to evolve away from the page-based metaphor. In the next 5 years, the evolution of online experiences toward their true form is about to take off at a much faster rate than in the previous 5 years.
Consider that today's default Web platform - a browser running on a PC - is rapidly giving way to diverse online environments. The types of devices we use to connect to the Web are proliferating. In addition to the growth of netbook adoption, there are new devices like the Chumby and the Energy Joule. Portable devices are rapidly getting more powerful - as a result, the tradeoff between mobility and capability is shrinking. And even as the hardware evolves, the interfaces on the devices we use to connect to the Web are becoming more and more customizable. And the reason any of this matters at all is because consumers are already adopting these technologies.
So what are the implications of these trends? What does it mean for the future of online experiences? At Forrester, we've concluded that the resulting online customer experiences of the future will be:


text:
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Looking for movie tickets? Enter your location to see which movie theaters are playing A Good Day to Die Hard near you.
John McClane (Bruce Willis) and his estranged son Jack (Jai Courtney) team up to protect a government informant in Moscow, and thwart a major crime in Chernobyl in this sequel from director John Moore (Max Payne, Behind Enemy Lines). Russian politics are in tatters when veteran detective McClane shows up in the nation's capital, and learns that his son is working undercover to protect Komarov (Sebastian Koch) -- a notorious whistleblower who some powerful people would like to see silenced. Protecting Komarov won't be easy, even for the cop who's single-handedly defeated small armies of terrorists, and the sharp-shooting son he's never known. Meanwhile, when the fearless father and son catch wind of a deadly plot unfolding in Chernobyl, they face the fight of their lives in one of the most hostile landscapes known to man. Cole Hauser and Mary Elizabeth Winstead co-star. ~ Jason Buchanan, Rovi


text:
>_> I wonder if there are still someone who take care of this game, I once played this game, but no transformers or anything that likely to be transformed, but now it is said that they will release the Chapter 2 and Chapter 3, would anyone here can tell me some thing about those stuffs? Thanks.
here is its trailer.


text: A Tennessee judge ruled recently that a child cannot be named Messiah because that is a title reserved for Jesus Christ. Child Support Magistrate Lu Ann Ballew handed down the order when the subject of 7-month-old Messiah Deshawn Martin's name came before her as part of a parental dispute over his last name. Ballew decided to switch up last names — but first names as well, decreeing that the child should be called Martin DeShawn McCullough in order to …Read More Leave a Comment


text:
|Topic Review (Newest First)
Sometimes I wish there were people that WOULD give up their pets.
My aunt and cousins owned two lovely Golden Retrievers (mother and son). They fed them most of the time, occasionally filled their water bowls and sometimes ran outside with them. But beyond that, they never really gave a hoot about them.
Bella, the mother, was starting to grow old at that point. She had these weird sores on her knees/joints which my cousin repeatedly pointed out to my Aunt. But do you think she ever took them to the vet? Nope. This was a rich, almost upper-class family living in a huge, fancy house, not a single financial care in the world.. yet all they did was waste their money on useless material items. Never bought anything nice for their pets, never bought decent food, toys, grooming products, or took them to the vet.
They treated their other animals the same way as well. My female cousin, Ashley, had rats. I later found out one had been sick and eventually died, and when I asked why the heck nobody took the poor thing to the vet, you know what my Aunt said? "Why would I waste money on a vet? If it dies, I'll just get another one."
Some people are the very definition of vile.
Originally Posted by Nikitta View Post
Some people don't deserve pets.
|Some people don't deserve pets.
I don't understand how anyone could give up a family member, either. Our Roxy was returned to the shelter TWICE before we adopted her. I guess one of the families that took her had children, and when they realized that the children couldn't walk her by themselves, they brought her back. Like you couldn't have realized that a child couldn't walk a 65 lb. pit bull with no leash training BEFORE you took her home?
The family that lives next door to us used to have a lab. Well, when they started having kids, the walks went out the window. Then, the lab swallowed a pacifier and needed to have surgery to remove it. After that, they kept him in the basement all the time because they couldn't be bothered to keep the toys off the floor and couldn't keep an eye on him so he wouldn't swallow something else. About a year later, they had another kid and decided to get rid of the lab. To their credit (ugh, I hate that I'm defending them here), they found a nice family with another dog and lots of land that wanted him. At least he has a better life now. They now have three kids and I have to hear them talk about how they will most likely get another dog "when their kids are older." Makes my blood boil!
|Ruger Monster
Some people infuriate me.
I was volunteering to do some data entry for our large shelter, and a lot of it was intake info. One of them was giving up a cat named Pickles (loved the name), reason was "about to have a baby." To me, does that mean you're going to give up the first baby if you have a 2nd??
I cant imagine ever giving up any of my animals. It was hard enough when my ex & I split to leave one of our 3 cats (he wanted to keep him, and we adopted him together - my ex actually picked him out). Its been over 3 years and I still miss him (the kitty!). The only reason I keep my ex on my FB is so that I can get updates on the cat, who just had to have his eyes removed due to inflammation - he'd been blind about a year now.
This kind of stuff enrages me. I would just as soon cut off my right arm as to have given up either one of my dogs. I know occasionally there are justifiable reasons, but even then, you do it the right way, not discard them like trash.
When my first dog, a yellow lab, was about 14, we had to have him put down. He was very old, and it was painful for him to move and he kept falling, etc. It broke my heart. I arranged for a vet to come to the house so he wouldn't be scared and he died in my arms. That's been over two years ago and I am crying right now thinking about it.
And I get impatient with people who say they can't deal with the end, either with animals or human beings. I have heard people say "Oh, I don't go to hospitals or nursing homes, I can't visit so and so, it's just too hard, I can't deal with it." And you know what my answer is? "You need to grow up! Do you think anybody likes it? Do you think it's easy for anybody? You do it because it's the right thing, not the easy thing."
Sorry about the rant, just infuriates me.
Oh OP, I'll give you a laugh. Many years ago, pre Archer, my husband and I decided to move from Ireland to Spain. Now at the time we had our old dog Opus, a basset hound, and three cats. People used to ask us ALL THE TIME 'what are you going to do with the animals when you go?' Like it never occurred to them that they were family and naturally would be coming with us, oh and coming back 5 years later. We thought that was really weird. And when Opus went blind at 14 some people thought we'd automatically get him euthanised(!) like, WHY would being blind bother an old basset? He spent most of his days, when not eating cheese, snoring in a patch of sunlight, or going for his walks around the block on, sniffing quite happily at his own pace - once he could feel the tension on his brace he was fine.
People, people are odd sometimes.
|That is sick. Just sick. How could somebody rehome a dog they've had for 17 years!? That just makes me so mad. And somebody else's dog saves their life and what do the do to thank it? They get rid of it. Imagine what the poor dogs thought.
|wonder if a 10.00 script of antibiotics would have fixed the labs pee problem.
Originally Posted by Castlemaid View Post
A co-worker had a Lab that never got any attention. It was still pretty young, around 1 year old. The dog was only allowed out in the yard, or the basement. Of course, he got destructive, unruly, hyper, barky. Of course, all this was the dog's fault. So she gave it to her father who lived on a ranch in Alberta. She told me later that the dog lived outside, and to keep him from running off, her dad tied a car tire to his collar, so he had to drag the thing everywhere he went. It was suppossed to discourage ranging too far from home.
Well, the dog went missing for a few days (not that anyone cared, apparently), and when he showed up, his face was covered in porcupine quills. Looked like he had been quilled a few days back, as they were quite deep and infection was setting in. The dog was euthanized.
She was telling me all this while laughing - I failed to get the humour in it.
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ladysythe on deviantart
ladysythe on deviantart
I'm familiar with that name. Could you PM me with more info bro? I'd like to possibly commission her for a piece.
pm on it's way
i'd like to figure out how they color that! My sketchs are only black and white and adding color would just finish them off
she use's prismacolor pencil crayon
Wish I could draw as good as you guys. I have ideas in my head of what I want but can never really put them down on paper for some reason. My drawing does stuff. I am lucky enough to at least copy or sketch stuff on paper to get it right.
here is another drawing wip by my artist
this is my smuggler in my mando's story
ok sweet.. ill go pick me up a set
i'm lost know =|
haha im going to get a set of the pencil crayons that she uses
ahh gotcha
so me Alpha-Ø2 are thinking about doing a video in our mando for fun when we are done , he said probably get some of his friends to dress up as jedi so we could use them as targets in the video should be fun probably won't start till the summer
Ill explain the concept of the video a bit more
Since me and C1RCA are both bounty hunters, we will be hunting the same bounty fighting each other along the way. Not sure how it will end yet. Either we kill him at the same time, he gets away (dont like this one very much), Or some other bounty hunter kills him.
We would end up making to videos.. one from his perspective and one from mine. we would only show we the video of that person sees and thinks. Watching both of them will give you the full picture.
Comments and critiques welcome
Sounds good guys. I'll keep an eye out for it then.
wont been happen for quite some time.. gotta finish our mandos first
Hey Skup, you should pop over to my thread and check it out i'd like to have you opinion and how its coming (not very far yet)
I have my helmet almost completed, neckseal, and flakvest done. I have trashcan armor but C1RCAs graciously giving me some good armor pieces so im not using the trashcan ones
if you want check it out last page
I'll check it out mate.
sweet thanks i'd like to hear your opinion
just some more test fitting
Well hey it looks good. Not going to lie there. What kind of boots do you have vod.
looking good and i do like that cape! lets see that jetpack painted up next.
GBX? The same as the GBX's that Mr Bungle uses for his Kashyyk Trooper? Lucky you!
are they the same as the ones they use for jango?
No, they're K.Cole Pit Crew boots. But the GBX's are close when I comes to the soles


text:
Fairbanks Denali N.P.
Join us for an unforgettable insider's journey of discovery through North and Central America. The locations identified on this map show the various destinations you will experience with Trafalgar. For full details on each destination, refer to the individual itinerary pages within this brochure or visit www.TrafalgarTours.co.za
Anchorage Whittier College Fjord Seward Skagway Glacier Bay N.P.
Lake Louise
Kamloops Whistler Victoria
Jasper N.P.
Lake Louise Banff N.P. Sun Peaks Calgary
Kelowna Lac Le Jeune Vancouver
Olympic N.P.
320 Guest Ranch Yellowstone N.P.
Gleneden Beach OREGON
Grand Teton N.P. IDAHO
Billings SOUTH DAKOTA Cody Clearmont Sheridan Rapid City Mt. Rushmore Keystone W YOMING
Baddeck Montreal Fredericton Moncton Saint John Halifax North Conway Bar Harbor Essex Ludlow
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Salt Lake City
Kingston Toronto
Niagara Falls
Springfield Newport
Casas Grandes
New Orleans
San Carlos
Orlando Space Coast FLORIDA
Alamos Copper Canyon El Fuerte
New York
Boston Cape Cod
NEBR ASK A Lancaster County Bedford New York CALIFORNIA COLORADO NEVADA Springfield UTAH Garberville OHIO Denver Philadelphia Bryce Gettysburg Moab INDIANNA ILLINOIS Lake Tahoe Canyon N.P. KANSAS Washington, D.C. St. Louis Napa Durango Torrey WEST Yosemite N.P. San Francisco MISSOURI VIRGINIA Zion N.P. Shenandoah N.P. Las Vegas Mammoth Lakes KENTUCKY Santa Fe VIRGINIA Lake Powell Branson Monument Valley Sequoia N.P. Williamsburg Grand Monterey Nashville OKLAHOMA Kayenta Canyon N.P. TENNESSEE Cambria BakersfieldDeath NORTH CAROLINA ARK ANSAS Flagstaff Amarillo Williams Memphis Shell Beach Oklahoma City Valley Sedona Albuquerque Santa Barbara ARIZONA Los Angeles Palm Springs Phoenix N E W M E X I C O Scottsdale SOUTH CAROLINA San Diego AL ABAMA LOUISIANA Natchez Tucson TEXAS GEORGIA
Las Vegas
Quebec City
Gold Beach
Whitefish MONTANA
San Francisco
Key West
New Orleans
Waikiki Kaanapali Beach
Kahului MAUI
Merida Uxmal Campeche
Cancun Playa Del Carmen Chichen Itza
Waikoloa Kailua Kona Kahaluu-Keauhou
PANAMA KEY: N.P. = National Park = Overnight Stays
Arenal Liberia Sarapiqui Guanacaste Tortuguero N.P. Monteverde Cloud San Jose Forest Manuel Antonio N.P.
Gamboa Panama Boquete City Playa Bonita
YOUR GUIDED HOLIDAY BOOKING Trafalgar Tours Pty Ltd is the 'Sales Company'; Destination America Inc is the 'Operator'; collectively these companies are referred to as 'Trafalgar'. Your agreement is with Trafalgar and a contract is formed when you make a reservation with us that we accept. The invalidity of any provisions herein shall not affect the validity of any other provisions. The agreement shall be construed as though the invalid provision was not contained herein and was replaced with an enforceable provision as similar as possible to the original provision. Disclaimer: Travel is personal and each individual's goals and experiences may differ. Trafalgar will not be bound by, or liable for, any description, representation or warranty made by any independent third party sales representative, travel agent, or other person or entity relating to any holiday offered by Trafalgar. Departure Date: The departure date is the date indicated on the Trafalgar confirmation. WHAT'S INCLUDED IN THE GUIDED HOLIDAY PRICE Inter-city Travel: By private motorcoach, trains and ferries (see itineraries). Air Transportation: Not included unless otherwise indicated in the price panel. Internal Panama airfare is included in the Panama program as indicated on the price panel. Inter-island airfares are included in the Hawaii programs as indicated on the itinerary panels. Guided Holiday: Air-conditioned luxury motorcoaches with reclining seats and onboard restroom facilities. Guided holidays in Mexico, Panama and Costa Rica may use smaller motorcoaches with air-conditioning, but no restroom on board. Hotel Accommodations: Prices are per person, based on two persons sharing a two-bed room with private bath or shower. Triple and quad rooms may be available on some guided holidays (not all) in limited numbers. Triple occupancy is based on three people sharing one room with two beds. Triple occupancy may not be comfortable for three adults sharing. Quad occupancy is based on four people sharing one room with two beds. Quad rooms may be used only for two adults and two children, both aged 17 or younger. Quad rooms are not available for more than two adults. Rollaway beds are not included in either triple or quad prices. Every effort has been made to reserve two-bed rooms; however, on some occasions, rooms with one bed may be the only choice available. These rooms will be allocated to single travellers and couples first; other rooms may feature a single bed and rollaway bed, murphy bed or sleeper sofa. A limited number of twin-shared rooms are available with our Guaranteed Room Share service. Special room requests (smoking/non-smoking, adjacent, connecting or lowerfloor rooms, as examples) must be made at time of booking. Special room requests are not guaranteed and are based on availability at time of checkin. Many hotels in North America are 100% smoke-free, including all guest rooms, restaurants, lounges, meeting rooms, public spaces, and employee work areas. Smoking in a non-smoking room may result in a fine. Substitute hotels may be used sometimes. We try to use hotels of similar standard. Hotel Frequent Traveller program points are not earned with hotels on Trafalgar holidays. Travel Director: Guided holidays are conducted in English by a professional Travel Director. Meals: Full American breakfasts (FB) are served when available. When not available, a Continental breakfast is served (CB). Dinners (D)/Highlight Dinners (HD)/Farewell Dinners (FD), Lunches (L)/Highlight Lunches (HL) and 'Be My Guest' dining (BG), featuring either a luncheon or dinner, are included as detailed on itineraries. On Land & Cruise packages, all meals are included whilst onboard the ships. Sightseeing: Excursions, entrance fees and English-speaking guide (when required) are included as detailed in the itinerary pages. Transfers: Between airports, hotels, railway stations and piers are included as indicated on each guided holiday itinerary (please see 'Airport Transfers' section for further details). There will be no refund for missed or unused airport transfers. Porterage: Baggage handling of one suitcase per person, at each guided holiday hotel and porter service at airports for Panama domestic flights and inter-island flights for Hawaii guided holidays, is included in the guided holiday price. Due to limited coach capacity, a single bag is allowed with dimensions not exceeding 30"x18"x10" (76x46x25cm) and weight not exceeding 50 lbs (23kg). Some airlines restrict checked luggage - check with your airline. Airlines may impose stricter weight and size limits for luggage and may also charge fees for checked baggage, including the first checked bag. Please check with your airline(s) directly for their most current baggage regulations and related fees. Trafalgar is not responsible for additional fees imposed by air carriers regarding baggage. A charge of US$6/CA$6 or local currency equivalent per travelling day will be collected by the Travel Director if a second piece of baggage is permitted to be carried, or if suitcase exceeds weight or size limits. This is not assurance that luggage in excess of limits on size, weight and number of pieces will be permitted on the coach. Carry-on/hand luggage is restricted to one piece per person, not exceeding 12"x11"x6" (30x28x14 cm) to fit under your coach seat or in the small overhead compartment. Carry-on/hand luggage handling is the responsibility of each guest and must be taken on and off the motorcoach by you each day of the guided holiday. Carry-ons with telescopic handles and wheels will not fit in the overhead compartments or under seats and, therefore, cannot be accepted as carry-on luggage. Trafalgar and Trafalgar's affiliated entities shall not be liable for loss or damage to baggage or any guest's belongings. Guests should immediately report lost items to the Travel Director who will assist in completing a lost property form that can be used for an insurance claim. Trafalgar cannot assist in locating lost items after the guest disembarks or completes the Trafalgar holiday. Tips/Gratuities: Tips/gratuities are included for services on guided holiday provided by dining-room waiters, chambermaids and porters at hotels. Tips/ gratuities to train personnel are included onboard the Rocky Mountaineer and VIA Rail Canada's The Canadian train. Inter-Island Flights on Hawaii guided holidays: Hawaii guided holidays include all inter-island airfares, air-related charges and taxes as per date on the back cover and are subject to change without notice. Included flights are outlined in each Hawaii guided holiday price panel. Due to the nature of the inter-island airfares, taxes and fuel surcharges cannot be confirmed until payment has been received and inter-island air tickets issued. Passengers should therefore be aware that additional payments may be due resulting from increases in taxes and fuel surcharges on inter-island flights (and remain liable even if not acknowledged). Once payment has been received and interisland air tickets issued the taxes, fuel surcharges are final, regardless of any future price fluctuations up or down. Due to Transportation Security Administration (TSA) Secure Flight rules, airlines in Hawaii must collect required information from guests. Guests traveling on inter-island flights must provide full name (as appears on a governmentissued ID - i.e. passport, or Drivers License for US citizens and residents), date of birth and gender. For more information regarding TSA Secure Flight rules, please visit www.tsa.gov. Incomplete or inaccurate information may result in additional charges payable to the airline or delay or denial of boarding. NOT INCLUDED IN GUIDED HOLIDAY PRICE Any items and matters referred to above, including, airfares, air-related taxes and fees (except where specified); additional fees charged by airlines such as checked and/or excess baggage(visit www.TrafalgarTours.co.za/baggage), seat selections and any other services; passport and visa fees; insurances of all kinds; tips/gratuities to Travel Directors, Motorcoach Drivers and Local Guides; laundry; phone calls; internet access; minibar; beverages and meals not detailed in the itinerary; optional excursions; and all items of a personal nature. Additional taxes and surcharges may be collected by foreign governmental and non-governmental entities. The price does not cover costs and expenses, including your return home, if you leave the guided holiday whether at your own volition, due to illness, action by any government or other reason. This list is illustrative and not a complete list of every item not included. Hawaiian Airlines Checked Baggage Fee: Please note that Hawaiian Airlines charge a checked baggage fee on each inter-island flight as outlined in your guided holiday itinerary. This additional cost is not covered in the guided holiday price and is the responsibility of the guest. The current cost is US$17 per suitcase (subject to change without notice). Depending on your Hawaii guided holiday selection, the total fee may be up to US$51 per person per items of luggage. These fees are subject to change per airline baggage policy. Once you join the guided holiday, the Travel Director will collect these fees and can assist you with your questions. Cruise Line Hotel Service Charge: A Hotel Service Charge of US$11.50 per guest will automatically be added to each guest's shipboard account on a daily basis. If the service exceeds or fails to meet your expectations, you are free to adjust this amount up or down at the end of the cruise. RESERVATIONS & PAYMENTS Deposit payable within 7 days of booking Guided Holiday (excluding Alaska) R1000 Guided Holiday with Train* or Alaska R1000 Guided Holiday with Train# and/or Cruise R2500
Final Payment prior to departure date Guided Holiday (excluding Alaska) 45 days Guided Holiday with Train* or Alaska 50 days Guided Holiday with Train# and/or Cruise 80 days * Rocky Mountaineer RedLeaf Service, VIA Rail Canada's The Canadian, Copper Canyon's El Chepe # Rocky Mountaineer GoldLeaf and SilverLeaf Services 1. Your guided holiday will be confirmed by Trafalgar after receipt of a non-refundable, non-transferable deposit. We reserve the right to refuse a booking without giving any reason and shall in that event return any deposit received. The deposit forms part of your final payment. If not received within 7 calendar days of booking, the reservation will automatically be cancelled. On certain departures, deposits may be required at time of booking to hold seats. 2. Final payment for your land reservation will be due no later than 45 days (50 days for Guided Holiday with Train* or Alaska, 80 days for Guided Holiday with Train# and/or Cruise) prior to the guided holiday departure date. 3. Payment in full will be required at time of booking for reservations made less than 45 days (50 days for Guided Holiday with Train* or Alaska 80 days for Guided Holiday with Train# and/or Cruise) prior to the guided holiday departure date. 4. Trafalgar reserves the right to cancel the reservation and impose cancellation charges if any payment is not received within the above specified periods. Trafalgar will not be responsible for lost land and air reservations. 5. Credit Card Bookings: Trafalgar must be provided with your credit card number when making your reservation directly with us. Verbal authorization authorizes processing the charge on your credit card. Reservation is not confirmed until credit card transaction is completed. For security purposes, we collect the guest's credit card billing address and customer verification code. 6. Any special meal requirements must be provided at time of booking and are received on a REQUEST basis only. Trafalgar cannot assure special meal requests will be fulfilled. Trafalgar does not assume responsibility or liability if guest's special meal requests are not fulfilled. 7. Your Travel Agent shall hold all monies for each and every person named in the booking until the booking is confirmed. When confirmed, your Travel Agent shall provide those monies promptly to us. You consent to us depositing monies received by us as required by law. We will be entitled to keep interest earned on monies. You consent that all monies paid to us whether through your Travel Agent, by deposit or otherwise, may be disbursed by us as and when we see fit. Travel Documents: Travel documents will be sent to you approximately 21 days prior to the guided holiday departure date (provided full payment has been received on time). If final payment is not received when due, costs to courier documents will be the responsibility of the Travel Agent. If you are leaving home earlier, please ask your Travel Agent to request your travel documents well in advance. Please also make sure that you provide your Travel Agent with the flight details that are booked independently no less than 21 days prior to flight departure date. Passports & Visas: To enter and leave the USA, Canada, Costa Rica, Panama and Mexico, all guests including children must be in possession of a machine-readable passport and applicable visas. Please refer to 'Things To Know Before You Go' section. Your travel agent will advise you as to information and travel documents (such as passports, visas, affidavits, etc.) that will be needed for each person for whom travel services are being booked. Trafalgar bears no responsibility for such information. BOOKING CHANGES, CANCELLATIONS & REFUNDS Booking Changes: A fee of R175 or more per person, per change and any further cost we incur, will be charged for any revision or alteration made to a reservation after the booking is confirmed unless the change increases the price of the booking. Costs and charges may increase the closer to the departure date that changes are made, so you should contact us as soon as possible. We will try to make your requested change but it may not be possible. A change of guided holiday date or itinerary within 45 days (50 days for Guided Holiday with Train* or Alaska, 80 days for Guided Holiday with Train# and/or Cruise) of departure date will be treated as a cancellation. Cancellation fees will apply except when the change is to an earlier departure date and the guided holiday price is equivalent or greater, in which case a $35 (or more) per person amendment fee will be charged. Name changes or corrections will be treated as a cancellation. Cancellation fees may apply. Cancellations and Cancellation Fees: Travel arrangements for any member of the party may be cancelled at any time by written notice by the person who made the booking. Please note the following: • If notice of cancellation is received by Trafalgar more than 45 days (50 days for Guided Holiday with Train* or Alaska, 80 days for Guided Holiday with Train# and/or Cruise) prior to the guided holiday departure date, deposit will be retained . • If full payment is not received 45 days (50 days for Guided Holiday with Train* or Alaska, 80 days for Guided Holiday with Train# and/or Cruise) prior to departure date, Trafalgar has the right to cancel your reservation. Trafalgar we will not be responsible for lost reservations. • Notice of cancellation must be made in writing directly to Trafalgar or through your Travel Agent. Please also refer to Trafalgar Gold Seal Additional Protection * Rocky Mountaineer RedLeaf Service, VIA Rail Canada's The Canadian, Copper Canyon's El Chepe # Rocky Mountaineer GoldLeaf and SilverLeaf Services The following charges will apply when notice of cancellation is given after the booking is confirmed: GUIDED HOLIDAY LAND (EXCLUDING ALASKA) No. of days prior to guided Cancellation Fee as ("%" holiday departure date refers to % of total price) Over 45 days Amount of Deposit 45-22 days 25% 21-8 days 30% 7-1 days 50% Day of departure 100% (Air cancellation fees may also apply – see Air Cancellation section below) GUIDED HOLIDAY WITH TRAIN* OR ALASKA No. of days prior Cancellation Fee ("%" to departure refers to % of total price) Over 50 days Amount of Deposit 50-35 days 35% 34-20 days 50% 19-8 days 75% 7 days or less 100% * Rocky Mountaineer RedLeaf Service, VIA Rail Canada's The Canadian, Copper Canyon's El Chepe (Air cancellation fees may also apply – see Air Cancellation section below) GUIDED HOLIDAY WITH TRAIN# AND/OR CRUISE No. of days prior Cancellation Fee ("%" to departure refers to % of total price) Over 80 days Amount of Deposit 80-46 days 35% 45-8 days 75% 7 days or less 100% # Rocky Mountaineer GoldLeaf and SilverLeaf Services (Air cancellation fees may also apply – see Air Cancellation section below) • If a guest fails to join the guided holiday on the day of departure, cancellation fees will be 100%(unless the guest notifies us of the delay and joins the guided holiday later at their own expense). • Cancellation fees apply to additional accommodation prior to and after the guided holiday or cruise reserved through Trafalgar and are additional to any cancellation fees or other charges that may be levied by your Travel Agent • Additional hotel accommodation cancelled within 14 days of booked date will incur a 100% cancellation fee. For cancellation outside 14 days before the booked date the following fees will be charged: Over 45 days R175 per person 45-22 days 25% of price for the accommodation 21-15 days 30% of price for the accommodation • Travel Agent fees and cancellation charges may also apply. • Airline Flights/Tickets: After deposit has been received, any change incurs a R175 service fee per person PLUS any additional change/cancellation fee imposed by the Airline. Some airfares including published fares booked by Trafalgar are non-changeable and non-refundable. • Trafalgar is not responsible for other travel arrangements that you or your party has made outside Trafalgar and which are affected by our cancellations. If the reason for your cancellation is covered under your insurance, you may
be able to reclaim these charges from your insurer. You or your travel agent are responsible to make the claim to your insurer. Illness or Absence: Early departure expenses are the guest's responsibility. There is no refund for absence or early departure from a guided holiday, including but not limited to missed hotels, transfers, meals or sightseeing. Trafalgar urges you to purchase travel insurance to cover such circumstances. Trafalgar makes no representation or guarantees concerning reimbursement, scope of coverage, or other aspects of any travel insurance policy or claim. AIR ARRANGEMENTS Reservations/Ticketing: If an air reservation is made by Trafalgar payment in full is required for your airfare at the time of booking your flights in relation to your Trafalgar holiday to get you to the starting point of your holiday and from the ending point of your holiday. Other than as stated under the 'InterIsland Flights on Hawaii Guided Holidays', on receipt of full air payment your airfare, taxes and fuel surcharges are final. This will be regardless of future price fluctuations up or down. When booking a guided holiday including flights, you will be required, at the time of booking, to provide us the full name as detailed on the passport or government-issued ID for domestic travel, passport number, date and place of issue for each guest. Changes to flight itineraries and name changes may result in penalties charged by the airline. These are the guest's responsibility. Airlines (and other travel providers including Trafalgar) change prices and routes from time to time. All airfares and routings are subject to change at any time until full payment is received and air tickets are issued. Air Cancellation: Airlines may impose penalties up to 100% of the air ticket value. Airline Availability: Seats are limited in our contracted class of service and may not be available on every flight. Trafalgar does not hold block space on any airline and does not assure seat availability for every single guided holiday departure date. Airline Seating: Not all airlines offer pre assigned seats. Some may charge for pre assigned seats. Any additional charge imposed by airlines will be at guests' expense. Where pre-assigned seats are not offered or different seats are desired, guests must contact airline(s) direct to arrange seating assignments. Seating is solely under the airline's control, as are itinerary changes due to flight delays and schedule changes. Trafalgar reserves the right to offer alternative schedules for itineraries affected by airline schedule changes and equipment. Flight delays, flight cancellation and schedule changes are the responsibility of the airline. Trafalgar will not be responsible or liable for such delays or rescheduling. Price Changes: Airlines and other travel providers (including Trafalgar) change pricing, and itineraries from time to time. Prior to your booking and paying for travel, all prices and itineraries in this brochure are subject to change at any time. Guest Changes: Changes to flight itineraries and name changes may result in penalties charged by the airline. These are the guest responsibility. Airline Special Requests: Seat assignment and special meal requests can be requested at time of booking. Trafalgar does not assure the request will be granted. Frequent Flyer miles can be accrued on most air carriers. Upgrades using mileage is not permitted. Many airlines do not automatically add frequent flyer numbers to records for flights booked and ticketed by Trafalgar. It is therefore the guest responsibility to request frequent flyer credit from the airline. Trafalgar shall not be responsible for matters concerning frequent flyer miles. CRUISE ARRANGEMENTS Cruise Fees & Taxes: Your "Total Twin Share" Land Guided Holiday & Cruise price includes an amount covering Cruise Fees & Taxes. Cruise Fees, or "Non-Discountable Amount" as referred to by the cruise line, is a mandatory fee charged by the cruise line. That portion of the price is not subject to reduction in a discount promotion, nor commissionable to travel agents. Cruise Taxes, as used by the cruise line, refers to certain taxes, fees and charges imposed by U.S. and/or foreign government or quasi-government authorities, relating to any aspect of your cruise, for example, customs fees, head taxes, inspection fees, immigration and naturalization fees, harbour maintenance fees and Internal Revenue Service fees. Government fees and taxes are subject to change without notice and will apply regardless of your booking's payment status. The cruise line reserves the right to impose or pass through fuel surcharges, security surcharges or other incidental surcharges. No right of cancellation exists in these circumstances. These additional Cruise Fees & Taxes are listed in the date & price panel of each Land Guided Holiday & Cruise program. Cruise Line Immigration Questionnaire: These mandatory forms are available online with your cruise company and must be completed online at least 30 days before your departure. Shore Excursions: To make your holiday even more memorable, cruise lines offer an extensive program of optional shore excursions. Confirmed guests may book shore excursion online in advance of sailing. Staterooms: "Ocean-view Stateroom" is a cabin which features a porthole or window, contrasted with an "Inside Stateroom." Cabin assignment is controlled by the cruise lines. Ships' Registry: Holland America Line ms Zuiderdam, ms Volendam, ms Statendam, The Netherlands. GENERAL INFORMATION & CONDITIONS Guided Holiday Prices: Are based on costs, charges, tariffs, rates, prices, taxes, levies, exchange rates and other considerations as of the production date of this brochure (see back cover). All are subject to change. No surcharges regarding cost or currency fluctuations will be made to the LAND only price once the deposit is received. However, airport taxes, fuel surcharges and taxes, charges and levies imposed by an government or agencies may be passed on at any time, even after the deposit is received or holiday paid for. No refund will be made on account of reduction of any of the above. If the total guided holiday price increases by more than 10%, guests will have the option to cancel the guided holiday within 7 days of notification of the surcharge without penalty. All prices are South African Rand unless specified. Guided Holiday Participation: On all guided holidays children under 5 years of age are not eligible to travel. Children under 18 years of age must be accompanied by an adult, who will be responsible for their welfare and supervision. Trafalgar seeks to provide a safe, enjoyable and memorable travel experience for all guests. Trafalgar welcomes guests with special needs or disabilities. Please note the following: • Guests must advise Trafalgar, in advance, as early as possible, of any physical, medical or other special needs that require accommodating. Trafalgar will make reasonable modifications to its policies, practices and procedures when necessary, unless doing so will fundamentally alter the nature of the services provided. • Guests must ensure they are medically and physically able to travel. • Trafalgar may impose safety requirements. Trafalgar may exclude an individual from participating in a guided holiday or an activity if the individual's participation poses a direct threat to health or safety of others that cannot be eliminated by a reasonable modification of policies, practices or procedures or by the provision of auxiliary aids and services. This decision to exclude an individual will be based on an individualized assessment based on reasonable judgment that relies on current medical evidence or on the best available objective evidence to determine the nature, duration and severity of the risk, the probability that potential injury will occur and whether reasonable modifications of policies, practices or procedures will mitigate the risk. • Trafalgar does not provide personal devices (such as wheelchairs, hearing aids or prescription eye glasses) or services of a personal nature (such as eating, toileting or dressing). A traveller who requires services of a personal nature (eating, toileting or dressing, as examples) should consider bringing a companion to provide such assistance and must understand that other travellers, Travel Directors and Trafalgar Staff will not be available for such purpose. • Regrettably, motorized scooters are not allowed on guided holidays. Trafalgar does not employ medical personnel. Any necessary medical attention must be sought at a local facility, if available, at the guest's expense. Trafalgar is not responsible or liable for losses or costs incurred due to unavailability of medical services, or medical services obtained while on holiday, or for the quality of the care or services received. Some guided holidays include rough terrain, extensive walking over cobblestone streets, uneven pavement, steps and locations which may not be easily accessible or accessible by wheelchair. During the guided holiday, Trafalgar may make arrangements with carriers, hotels and other independent suppliers to provide travel services. These parties are independent entities which Trafalgar does not control. Trafalgar cannot guarantee disability access or accommodations for guests travelling on international guided holidays. Many Optional Excursions are operated by independent third party suppliers, not Trafalgar. These are not part of the package holiday provided by us. Your contract will be with the operator of the excursion. We are not responsible for providing of the excursion, or anything that happens during the excursion. Some excursions involve outdoor activities and/or can be physically demanding. You must make your own decisions about excursions and participate only in activities that suit your physical ability. We recommend you check whether any insurance you have also includes your participation in adventure
activities you may undertake. Trafalgar may, in its sole discretion, decline booking any guest or remove any guest who cannot comply or refuses to comply with Trafalgar's terms and conditions. When you make a booking, you accept responsibility for the proper conduct of all members of your party during your stay. We reserve the right at any time to terminate the travel arrangements and/or cease to deal with any party member(s) whose behaviour is, in the reasonable opinion of us or our suppliers, may cause danger, upset, disruption or distress to anyone else or damage to property. Full cancellation charges will apply and no refund will be made. We shall have no obligation to pay compensation or meet any costs or expenses (including but not limited to alternative accommodation and return transportation arrangements) guest may incur as a result of the travel arrangements being terminated. If you damage the accommodation in which you are staying or any property, you must reimburse the accommodation provider or property owner concerned for the cost of the damage before the end of your stay if the cost has been established by then or as soon as it has been established if later. You must indemnify us for the full amount of any claim (also including legal costs) made against us. Criminal proceedings may be instigated. Trafalgar is not responsible for any costs incurred concerning a guest removed from a guided holiday or aircraft, ship or train. Guests agree not to hold Trafalgar or any of its related entities liable for any actions taken under these terms and conditions. Young Traveller Discount: The Young Traveller must be under age 18 on the holiday departure date, and must be accompanied by an adult, sharing a twin room. The Young Traveller must be the specified age at the start of travel to be eligible for the discount. Only two Young Traveller discounts per room is permitted, except on Family Experiences, where the limit is three Young Traveller discounts per room when sharing with one adult. For Mexico guided holidays and guided holidays featuring the Rocky Mountaineer and VIA Rail's The Canadian, Young Travellers must be under the age of 13 to be eligible for the discount. For Alaska guided holidays, Young Travellers must be under the age of 12 to be eligible for the discount. This discount does not apply to extra night accommodation, optional extensions, airfares, taxes & fees, flight supplements, airport transfers or any cruise portion of a holiday. Itinerary Variations: Trafalgar strives to improve guided holiday itineraries, services and features. If improvements can be made, or if circumstances beyond our control make changes necessary, we reserve the right to vary itineraries and to substitute hotels. At certain peak periods multiple departures may operate, sometimes in reverse order; hotels may vary from those stated on the itinerary pages. On guided holidays which include cruises, the ship may be changed for operational reasons. Departures in early and late season are potentially operated in cool weather conditions. As a result, itinerary variations may occur. Certain activities may not be precisely as described or may not be available due to seasonality or weather conditions. We try to notify you or your travel agent of changes. If your enjoyment may be diminished by such limitations, please check with us or your Travel Agent before making a reservation. Trafalgar's 'Be My Guest' experiences are unique and take place in singular exclusive locations. In the unlikely event that our local hosts are unable to welcome Trafalgar guests, Trafalgar will attempt to find an alternate experience or a highlight meal will be provided in place of the 'Be My Guest' experience. Holidays & Changes: During local or national holidays, certain facilities such as museums, sightseeing trips and shopping may be limited or unavailable. In such instances itinerary changes are made by Trafalgar seeking to reduce inconvenience to guests. Such changes are deemed not to be a major change to the itinerary, and no compensation will be payable to guests. Holidays, closing days and other circumstances may necessitate a change of the day of the week for scheduled highlight dinners, sightseeing or other activities. If, you feel your enjoyment might be diminished by any of these circumstances please check with the respective national tourist office before selecting a specific departure date. Extended stays: If you arranged with us to remain at a destination before or after your guided holiday, your stay will be at your sole expense as is the transfer to either the hotel or airport. Please see the 'Extend Your Stay in Gateway Cities' section for a list of pre and post guided holiday accommodation. Space is limited and if available is for up to three nights before and/or after each guided holiday. Breakfast and luggage handling is not included unless otherwise noted. Trafalgar does not provide complimentary transfers for guests booking pre-and post-night accommodations. However, inexpensive airport transfers can be purchased from Trafalgar. If your extra night accommodation is not the hotel where your guided holiday begins or ends, you will be responsible for your transfer arrangements at your own expense. For your comfort: Trafalgar operates a daily seat rotation system and enforces a strict no smoking and no alcohol policy on board motorcoaches. Regular comfort stops are made on traveling days. Many hotels, restaurants, trains, cruises and other venues are 100% smoke free. Guided Holiday Cancellation: Trafalgar reserves the right to cancel or re-schedule any guided holiday departure in any circumstances, including in accordance with operating requirements or circumstances beyond its control. If cancellation is made by Trafalgar any time prior to departure date of the guided holiday except when you failed to pay the final balance on time, Trafalgar will either refund the amount received for the guided holiday booking, or offer a comparable holiday if available. (Trafalgar will refund any difference in price if the alternative is of a lower price however, the Guest will be responsible for additional costs if the alternative is priced higher.) Trafalgar is not responsible for other travel arrangements affected due to our cancellations and is not liable for any cancellation penalties incurred on other travel arrangements including air tickets. Travel Insurance: Trafalgar recommends that all guests purchase comprehensive Travel Insurance. Certain countries have a requirement for foreign visitors to have valid medical insurance on entry. Trafalgar cannot be held responsible for denied entry if a guest is unable to provide details to authorities of insurance or denial of entry for any reason. Disclaimer of Warranties: The Operator warrants only that the services shall be generally, though in view of the vagaries of travel, not necessarily precisely, as described, and subject to changes and the other terms and conditions herein. All other warranties, express and implied, including warranties of fitness for a specific purpose and merchantability are expressly excluded. There is no warranty that extends beyond the description of the face hereof. RESPONSIBILITY Complete Agreement: These booking conditions together with terms expressly incorporated into this contract represent the entire agreement between the parties. Changes: The Operator shall be responsible to the guest for supplying the services and accommodations described in this brochure, except where they cannot be supplied or the itinerary is changed due to delays or other causes of whatever kind or nature beyond the Operator's control. In such circumstances, the Operator will seek to supply comparable services, accommodations and itineraries and there shall be no refund in these circumstances. Disclaimer of Liability: Neither the Operator nor its agents or affiliated entities shall be responsible or liable for cancellations, acts of other service providers, diversions or substitution of equipment or any act, variation, postponement, omission or default by air carriers, land carriers, hoteliers or hotels, transportation companies, or any other persons providing services or accommodations to guests including any results thereof, such as changes in services, accommodations or facilities. Nor shall they be liable for loss or damage to baggage or property, or for injury, illness or death, or for any damages or claims whatsoever arising from loss, negligence or delay from the act, error, omission default or negligence of any person not its direct employee or under its exclusive control, including any act, error, omission, default, or negligence of any country, government or governmental authority, officer or employee. Trafalgar shall not be liable for indirect, special or consequential damages. All baggage and personal effects are at all times and in all circumstances at the risk of the guided holiday participant. Trafalgar recommends that guest obtain baggage insurance. After return at the end of the guided holiday, if lost articles are found and returned to the owner, a service fee will be charged. The Travel Directors, carriers, hotels and other suppliers who provide services on guided holiday are independent contractors; they are not agents, employees or servants of the Operator or its associated companies. All certificates and other travel documents for services issued by the Operator are subject to the terms and conditions specified by the carriers and suppliers and to the laws of the countries in which the services are supplied. Carriage by sea is subject to the Carrier's Conditions of Carriage which are expressly incorporated into this contract, copies of which are available upon request. The Operator is not responsible for any criminal or other conduct by third parties, whether criminal, intentional, grossly negligent, negligent or otherwise. Safety: Where the guest occupies a motorcoach seat fitted with a safety belt, neither the Operator nor its agents or co-operating organisations or service providers will be liable for any injury, illness or death or for any loss or damages or claims whatsoever arising from any accident or incident, if the safety belt is not being worn at the time of such an accident or incident. This exclusion and limitation of liability shall not be used to imply that the Operator or its agents or affiliated entities are liable in other circumstances. International Treaties: Transportation companies, airlines etc. are not to be held responsible for any act, omission or event during the time guests are not on board planes, transportation or conveyances. We rely on international convention which may apply to the services provided by us, our suppliers or
agents with respect to any claim of any nature brought by you against us as a result of the provision of those services. International conventions which apply may include: Warsaw Convention 1929, (as amended by Hague Protocol and Montreal Protocol) in relation to air travel, or Montreal Convention; the Berne Convention for rail travel; Athens Convention 1974 for carriage by sea; the Geneva Convention for carriage by road and the Paris Convention 1962 for Hotels. We are to be regarded as having all the benefits of these conventions on limiting our liability in relation to any claim for death, injury, loss, damage and delay to guests and luggage. Enrolment in and payment for a guided holiday shall constitute agreement and acceptance by the guest of the terms and conditions in this brochure. These cannot be varied except in writing by an officer of the Company.]* Trafalgar Tours Pty Ltd Limited Role: Trafalgar Tours Pty Ltd is only responsible for the services of reservations and ticketing. It does not accept any responsibility or liability for any of the acts, omissions or defaults, whether negligent or otherwise, of any of the companies of the Trafalgar group of companies. All matters arising in relation to the services provided by Trafalgar Tours Pty Ltd., but not in respect of other things, are subject to the law of South Africa. Errors and Omissions: In the case of computer or human billing errors, we reserve the right to re-invoice participants with correct billing. We try to ensure brochure accuracy at the time of printing. However Trafalgar shall not be held responsible for printing or typographic errors, or errors arising from unforeseen circumstances. Airline(s) do not by virtue of being referred to in this brochure represent itself or themselves as contracting with or as having any legal relationship with any purchaser of a holiday from Trafalgar. All bookings made with any provider of transport, facilities, meals, other goods or of any services are subject to terms and conditions imposed by them in relation to matters not covered particularly and expressly by our agreement with the above mentioned Operator. If you decide you do not want to visit a country or part of a country you intended to visit due to any law, condition or requirement of any government or government authority, official, servant or agent, you are responsible for any costs, expenses, charges, fees, losses or damage incurred, and any cancellation or amendment fees. None of the companies in the Trafalgar group of companies, or any of their servants or agents, accept responsibility or liability for your acts, omissions, defaults, conduct, state of health, condition or circumstances.]* COMPLAINT PROCEDURES & CONSUMER PROTECTION Complaint Procedure: If you have a problem during your holiday please inform Trafalgar's Travel Director/Local Representative immediately, who will try to put things right. If the matter was not resolved locally, please write to Trafalgar's Customer Services Department at the address it is important that you provide us the information quickly. Please quote your booking reference number and all relevant information. Failure to follow this procedure may delay or deny us the opportunity to investigate and rectify the problem, which may affect the way your complaint is dealt with and your rights under this contract. Data Protection: To process your guided holiday booking, Trafalgar will need to use personal information for you and guests in your booking. Personal information may include each guest's name, address, phone number, email address, passport number, credit/debit card number and sensitive information such as health, medical, dietary, mobility, religious or other special requirements. This personal information may be passed on to other suppliers of your travel arrangements in addition to public authorities (such as customs and immigration), security and credit checking organizations, and otherwise as required by law. We may need to provide personal information to contractors who provide services to or for us (e.g., sending mail, processing payments, providing marketing assistance). This may involve sending personal information (including sensitive information) to other countries that may not afford the same level of protection of personal information. In making your booking, you consent to your personal data being passed to relevant third parties as set out above. We may also use the personal information you provide us to review and improve the guided holidays and services that we offer, and to contact you (by post, email and/or phone) about other guided holidays and services offered by Trafalgar that you may be interested in. If you don't want to receive this information or want a copy of the personal information we hold about you, write to us at Trafalgar Tours Pty Ltd, Attn. Marketing Department, P.O. Box 413786, Craighall, Gauteng 2024, RSA. Trafalgar may charge a fee for supplying you with this information as permitted by law. The booking conditions set out herein are in compliance with existing legislation and regulations as at the date of publication hereof. Should any further legislation and/or regulations be promulgated subsequent to the aforesaid date that may render any provision of the booking conditions and/or the performance thereof in contravention of the law, the relevant contravening provision/s shall be deemed to have been severed from the balance of the booking terms with immediate effect and without further notice to ensure compliance of the booking conditions with all new legislation. OTHER CONDITIONS Each guest is required to comply with the terms, conditions, requirements, laws, rules and/or regulations of any service provider, or any country or governmental authority, and shall be liable for any such non-compliance. Booking Arrangements: Your booking arrangements can be made through your Travel Agent, or with us directly. When you make a booking you must be at least 18 years of age at the time of booking. You are guaranteeing that you understand and have the authority to accept and do accept on behalf of yourself and all members of your party the terms of these booking conditions. We will deal only with the lead booking name in all subsequent correspondence and dealings. You are responsible for making all payments due, ensuring the accuracy of all personal details and other information supplied in respect of yourself and your party, notifying us of any changes or cancellations and for receiving correspondence and keeping your party informed. Additional Optional Excursions: With Trafalgar, you will enjoy many famous highlights as included features on your guided holiday, at no extra cost. An exciting array of additional Optional Excursions and Activities may be made available to further enhance your experience. These Excursions and Activities are optional, and are offered at special preferential prices. They can be booked only after you start your guided holiday, as many of them are carefully programmed to coincide with highlights available at the time of your visit. A detailed list and cost of these will be included in your travel documentation. You can book and pay for them through your Travel Director, by cash or credit card. Optional excursions may vary due to seasonal conditions and require minimum guest participation. Prices are subject to change without notice. Please also see the relevant section of "Guided Holiday Participation" regarding limitation (exclusion) of our liability for optional excursions operated by independent third party suppliers. We recommend that you review information provided by the South African Department of International Relations and Co-operation prior to making your booking by visiting their website www.dirco.gov.za for the latest information. We strongly recommend that you familiarize yourself with the latest Government Consular advice and information regarding the country you intend to visit. It is advised that you register your details prior to departure on the Registration of South Africans Abroad website www.ROSA.gov.za TRAFALGAR TOURS PTY LTD 3rd Floor, The Travel House, 4-6 Hood Street, Rosebank, 2196 R.S.A. Telephone Numbers: (011) 280 8400 Fax: (011) 280 8410 Postal address: PO Box 413786, Craighall 2024, R.S.A. Docex Address: Docex 122, Randburg The Trafalgar group of companies has Marketing/Sales/Administrative offices/agents in: Australia, Canada, China, Guernsey, Hong Kong, India, Israel, Japan, United Kingdom, Ireland, Malaysia, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Thailand and the USA. For further information visit our website at: www.TrafalgarTours.co.za This brochure supersedes any other prior brochure on the market. See back cover for brochure version and print date. Major Credit Cards Accepted
Published on Jul 2, 2012
Open the door to a holiday like no other! Explore the places you've always dreamed of and enjoy an enhanced range of unique local experience...


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By Richard Clarke
Marouane Chamakh says that Scott Dann made definite contact with him in the all-important penalty incident on Saturday.
Four minutes before half-time at Emirates Stadium, Arsenal equalised Birmingham's early opener thanks to a hotly-disputed spot-kick.
The cast-iron facts are these: Chamakh went to ground after a challenge from Dann, referee Martin Atkinson pointed to the spot and Samir Nasri scored. The rest is open to debate.
The Birmingham team were unhappy with the decision but, speaking afterwards, Chamakh was in no doubt.
"There was definitely a contact," he said. "The Birmingham defender touched me and then it was all about the ref to give it or not. Against Chelsea there was contact [from a challenge in the area] and he did not give one, today he did.
"If they don't think it is a penalty then they can be disappointed but for me there was a definite touch. I fell because I was touched otherwise I would not have fallen in the area."Copyright 2017 The Arsenal Football Club plc. Permission to use quotations from this article is granted subject to appropriate credit being given to www.arsenal.com as the source


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Cluster headaches
30 March 2014 , 9:56 AM by Rob Minshull
Cluster headaches are a neurological disorder characterised by recurrent, severe headaches on one side of the head, typically around the eye.
But what causes them and what is the best way to treat them?
Dr Michael Walsh is a neurologist at a Brisbane hospital who suffers from cluster headaches.
Image courtesy of Brandon Koger flickr.com
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Gee-Whiz Geoengineering
Just about two years ago, Chemistry Nobelist, and atmospheric scientist Paul Crutzen opened a huge can of worms by suggesting that, since the world doesn't seem to be getting its act together to significantly reduce CO2 emissions, it would be prudent to think about emergency measures in which we engineer ourselves out of the crisis by monkeying directly with the Earth's solar radiation input instead of dealing with the CO2 content of the atmosphere. The specific proposal was to inject chemicals into the stratosphere that would form sulfate aerosols and hence block sunlight. Crude estimates suggest that the aerosol fix (if it is indeed a fix and doesn't create more problem than it solves) is more technologically feasible than sci-fi dreams of sunshades at the Lagrange point. Not to say technologically feasible, necessarily, but not so far out as the other schemes. Crutzen's idea, and related geoengineering proposals, have been discussed here on RealClimate. The subject is once more in the news, thanks to this chipper little op-ed by Ken Caldeira, which appeared in the New York Times this week.
Update: I just noticed that our original RealClimate piece was done before Crutzen's article was published. You'll find his article here (subscription not required).
The attraction of the proposal is that we are already conducting an uncontrolled experiment on aerosol-based geoengineering, through the sulfate aerosols injected into the troposphere by dirty coal plants. Along with a lot of nasty health and environmental consequences, this has had some inadvertent benefits in restraining some aspects of global warming. As coal plants get cleaned up in the future some of the cooling aspect of the tropospheric aerosols will be lost. Since aerosols last much longer in the stratosphere than they do in the rainy troposphere, the amount of aerosol-forming substance that would need to be injected into the stratosphere annually is far less than what would be needed to give a similar cooling effect in the troposphere, though so far as the stratospheric aerosol burden goes, it would still be a bit like making the Earth a permanently volcanic planet (think of a Pinatubo or two a year, forever). It might make sense to take a small portion of the aerosol that would have been dumped into the troposphere by retired dirty coal plants, and inject that directly into the stratosphere where it will restore the lost cooling effect while (hopefully) doing less harm than the old stuff dumped into the lower atmosphere. To go farther, though, and count on offsetting the entire unrestrained CO2 production of the coming century with engineered aerosols is fraught with peril.
Scientists just love to think about this kind of stuff, and I'm no different.Harvard is hosting a small workshop on aerosol-based geoengineering, and I have to say I'm looking forward to it. It's like having a shiny new toy, and the chance that you might actually get to use it to play around with the real Earth and see what happens has a certain fatal attraction to it. Then, too, science thrives on a spirit of free inquiry, and it would be anathema to say that there are some things that just shouldn't be thought about (though there are certainly some things that, once thought about, shouldn't be built). But, there's a real danger of jumping the gun and giving the impression that we already know we have a way out if things get too bad. Ken Caldeira's Op-Ed is a case in point. "Which is the more environmentally sensitive thing to do: let the Greenland ice sheet collapse, or throw a little sulfate in the stratosphere?" is the way he frames the issue. To be sure, Ken only gets 400 words to make his case (which seems to be that the folks who work on this sort of stuff ought to get some more money), but those 400 words leave little room to explain the vast array of problems that need to be resolved before we can even begin to think of this as an out. Caldeira's Op-Ed makes it seem like a slam-dunk, needing maybe only a diversion of 1% of climate research funds in order to do the trick.
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Motorola MC3190-G - Wlan/Bt, Id Ce6.0, 256MB/1g, 28 key, H.Cap Ba
The rugged wireless Motorola MC3190-G is at home in the retail store and warehouse aisles, on the loading dock and out in the yard. The MC3190-G offers a comfortable gun grip, advanced computing power, industry-leading data capture capabilities and wireless communications. In addition to the processing power and memory required to support advanced applications, the MC3190-G also offers the latest in mobile technology and security. An integrated RFID tag automates asset tracking, allowing enterprises to track and locate MC3190-G devices right out the box. An integrated accelerometer enables leading edge motion-based applications that improve power management and more. Robust security features protect sensitive data. The result is a robust affordable device that will help retailers, government agencies and distribution centers streamline and error-proof business processes, improving employee productivity as well as customer service and satisfaction.
Streamline business processes with cost-efficient rugged mobility
Brand Motorola Model MC3190-G Data Collection TypeWireless Display Resolution320 x 320 Network Connectivity802.11, 802.11a/b/g, 802.11a/b/g, Bluetooth Operating SystemWindows CE 6.0 RAM Memory256 MB Scanner TypeLaser Scanner Capability1D Drop Rating4 ft.1.2 m Operating Temperature-4 F - 122 F IP RatingIP54
Additional Information
|Width (in)