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Interview with Ken Starks
It's fairly common knowledge that if anyone on the planet eats, drinks and breathes Free/Open Source Software, it's Ken Starks. A tireless advocate for FOSS and Linux, Starks is the poster boy for walking the FOSS walk after talking the talk. In the Austin, Texas, area he provides underpriviliged kids with Linux boxes through the HeliOS Project, which takes donated hardware, refurbishes them and gives them to needy children in the Austin area.
Starks had overcome a cancer diagnosis in the past, but he is now engaged in fighting a new battle with throat and neck cancer. While the HeliOS Project is the sum of its parts, Starks is the voice and face of the organization he founded. With a health condition possibly sidelining him for the time being – and possibly longer – this interview provides the most current information on his medical situation, and also provide a report on the direction of the HeliOS Project going forward.
In this interview, we take a look at where Starks and HeliOS has been, where it is now, and where it's going.
Q: Let's go back to the beginning and bring us up to where we are today at HeliOS Solutions. How much of an impact has The HeliOS Project made in the Austin area?
Ken Starks: Statistically, we have placed just under 1,500 computers to underpriviledged kids since 2005. Over-all impact is honestly hard to measure. Sure we can give the tools to build but how many use them to their full potential? We are just not big enough or funded enough to track that info with any science. However, If the weekly feedback we get from our kid's parents us any indication, we can measure ate least some empirical evidence of an increase in both math and reading skills.
Outside of cold, hard statistics though, you really need to take into account that "aha" moment. That moment when a child glimpses the possibilities at their fingertips. I cannot measure that Larry, and I don't think anyone can. Still,that does not make it unimportant.
Q: You've won local awards, you helped organize the Lindependence Project a few years ago, and you've keynoted last year's Texas Linux Fest. You've had a very busy few years recently.
KS: Thanks for noticing and it really was accidental notice. I take some pride in being awarded The Dewey Winburne Community award more than anything but the rest of it has been fun, too … but onward. Laurels wear out quickly in this business and resting upon them just crushes them to the ground.
Q: The HeliOS Project is all about providing Linux boxes to kids. Can you explain how the concept of providing children with technology resonates with people and why it's a necessary goal for HeliOS?
KS: It's really the only goal for HeliOS, Larry. When I first got involved with this project, it was something to do while I healed from a work-related injury. But when I began placing the computers, and seeing the huge "digital divide," it rang a clear, concise and commanding bell within me
Q: Over the years, you and the HeliOS Project team have grown the project to where it stands today. In large part, the project has flourished under your leadership. How does this change with your current health condition?
KS: It leaves much unanswered, Larry, and to this point we've always had a pool of great volunteers to rally and help us get the job done. However, out of all of them, should I have to step aside for any period of time, I can't think of anyone that could take a full lead position. I'm not saying that it's that hard, but if you have other things pulling you in other directions, you are not always going to be focused where the project needs you.
I was in the hospital for just under two weeks and in that time, we have fallen 20-some installs behind, we have received machines for donation that are just lying about without triage and our landscape has grown to jungle proportions outside of our facility. I am amazed the City of Taylor hasn't contacted us. I am receiving both chemotherapy and radiation Treatments and to be honest, Larry, I am mostly dead inside. I just don't have the energy to
go from the bed to the bathroom until I can complete this treatment. And hopefully, we will kill this frickin' monster forever.
Hopefully, we can gather a small pool of volunteers to go do the installs but if not, it's just going to have to wait until I can get better. Honestly, the last thing I want people to imagine is that HeliOS is languishing.
Q: Is there a real chance of that, Ken? Languishing, or worse?
KS: Larry, I think so. When you have a project who's vision and dream are guided by one person, then if that person disappears, the void takes its toll. Again, I don't know anyone that is in the position to step in and take it over. It is an unpaid position at this point and even with some upcoming funding, the Facility Administrator job will pay tops of 28K. I can work for that but most people can't or won't. I do have some very real concerns over HeliOS lasting this health problem. I have to balance my life right now with the needs of the project and the demands on my health.
Q: You mention upcoming. How are you funded now?
KS: Except for donations and things we sell through the HeliOS eBay store, I pay for most stuff out of pocket and and then request reimbursement if there is any money in the SPI donation fund. I work small contracts to pay my bills. If there is money in the donations fund, I submit for reimbursement. The biggest problem I have now is that I lost two working contracts while in the hospital due to lack of my ability to go forward with the work. That's going to prove to be a big short term problem but hopefully, we will get by this with a little help and we can move along.
I've come to the community often in the five years we've needed help, and once before when my health was bad. And to be honest with you, I'm not real comfortable with doing so now so verbally, I won't. It's just where I/we are at the moment. I have no doubt that if I can regain my health, we can get back on track again. And to be honest Larry … I've had a full, interesting life, full of things from all sides of life's spectrum, both good and bad, innocent and evil, and as I come to realize that my life's clock may actually be showing the last quarter, the most I could ask for is another five years of productivity so I can make HeliOS a self-surviving entity.
If you care to, you can contact Ken at his prime mover email address: email@example.com
(Larry Cafiero is one of the founders of the Lindependence Project and develops business software at Redwood Digital Research, a consultancy that provides FOSS solutions in the small business and home office environment.)
March 14, 2012 at 12:03 pm
First, we have to wish Ken a speedy and complete recovery!
Then what do we do? We can't take Ken's place so how do we help?
Ruined my day, Ken is one of the good guys, one of the best of the good guys
and HeliOS is a great project, a bridge over the digital divide.
If you know any old geeks in the Austin area please give them a call.
March 21, 2012 at 10:45 pm
Although it was challenging to read, in the sense that I feel emotional about someone I have never met, I am glad you conducted this interview. I feel the HeliOS project needs support by educators/school districts but as you probably know from my posts in the Felton LUG mail list, I'm not optimistic. Instead, support will need to come from local Linux advocates, like user groups, to keep projects like HeliOS alive. I wish Ken the best of health going forward…


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McLean Hospital 115 Mill Street Belmont, MA 02478
Phone: 800.333.0338
At McLean Hospital, we invest in the future of mental health resources through our robust training programs for students and practicing professionals, as well as through public outreach to parents, teachers and community leaders. By way of these interactions, the hospital enhances the understanding of mental illness and helps to reduce its stigma, while at the same time, shaping the practice of mental health care.
Pictured: Bill Carlezon, PhD, Chief of the Division of Basic Neuroscience, delivers a Grand Rounds lecture
McLean offers many educational initiatives including weekly Grand Rounds lectures on the Belmont campus.
McLean hosts a series of professional education conferences on topics including addictions and borderline personality disorder.
The library offers a comprehensive range of services for McLean staff.
A teaching facility of Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital has trained generations of psychiatrists.
The McLean/Harvard Medical School Internship in Clinical Psychology is among the most sought-after programs in the country.
Opportunities are available for others including social workers, nurses, and students.
Consultation services to college and university administrators, student affairs professionals, and mental health providers.

subset: commoncrawl


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— Remember Spencer Pratt and Heidi Montag? The villainous duo of MTV's "The Hills" who were so very famous, at least for a time, for simply being famous, recently gave an interview to The Daily Beast, in which they discuss their regrets. They have a few: Among them, Montag says she wishes she hadn't had so many cosmetic procedures.
"Obviously I wish I didn't do it," Montag tells the online magazine. If you'll recall: The now-25-year-old has had breast implants, rhinoplasty, liposuction, collagen injections in the lips, a chin reduction, a brow lift and a buttock augmentation, among other procedures.
We wondered: How often are regrettable cosmetic surgeries redone — or even "undone"?
"Redos are very, very common," explains Dr. Tony Youn, a Michigan-based, board-certified plastic surgeon and contributor to msnbc.com. In fact, Youn says up to 20 percent of the patients he sees are people seeking some kind of "redo" — usually, it's a correction or improvement to rhinoplasty or breast augmentation.
There aren't many statistics to come by in terms of cosmetic surgery "redos." But the American Society of Plastic Surgeons has this to offer: In 2010, there were 21,714 breast implant removals among augmentation patients. No figures exist that describe the number of "undos" — but that's likely because, in terms of cosmetic surgery, what is done usually can't be "undone."
With breast augmentations, in particular, "typically, the changes that happen to a breast, they are permanent. So if you take the implant out, the skin ends up being stretched out," Youn explains. "If Heidi ends up taking them out, her 700 CC implants — almost the biggest size that we make — if they take them out of her breasts, she's going to have two basically empty sacs."
Youn says the most common procedure his patients want redone are nose jobs. Judging from his own patients, he estimates that up to 25 percent of patients who have rhinoplasty surgeries eventually want something corrected — either they feel their nose has changed too much and they no longer look like themselves, or it hasn't changed quite enough.
Of course, things like Botox or Montag's collagen injections are temporary, lasting about four to six months, so her lips have likely depuffed by now. But it gets sketchier when we get into some of the other cosmetic surgeries Montag's had: If she regrets her chin reduction, for example, the only way to fix that would be to put an implant in. And the only way to "undo" a liposuction procedure is to gain weight — or have fat injected back in, Youn explains.
The lesson here: With plastic surgery, as with life, there really is no CTRL+Z.


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Return to Top
Tarleton Staff Makes A Difference!
About Us
Staff Council shall represent the staff of Tarleton State University in all matters of general interest to staff employees including matters raised by Council Representatives, Council Committees, and by the President of the University, and through petition, by any full-time and any part-time staff employee. The Staff Council is the principal means of communication between the staff and the administration of the University. The Staff Council shall be empowered to act for and on behalf of the staff and shall express the opinion of the staff on all matters laid before the Staff Council.


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May 4, 2007
Twenty-five separate tornadoes were reported but none were as severe as the EF5 that hit Greensburg. The tornado, with its 1.7-mile-wide vortex—wider than the town— traveled 22 miles, clear through Kiowa County. Only 64 minutes later, 95% of Greensburg was destroyed and 9 people were dead. If not for the siren warning, many more lives would have been lost.


text: The overreaching goal of our research is the development of versatile platforms of innovative vectors for cancer therapeutics, vaccine development and imaging reagents in nanomedicine. With the growing sophistication of polymerization strategies, the implementation of functionality and utilization of macromolecular architectures will be key for many of the promising applications in nanotechnology related to the biomedical field and materials science. Thereby structural and functional fidelity compatible for bioconjugation is a focus in the design of the polymer topology.


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Misguided Bill Would Eliminate Critical Child Welfare Funding
Apr 17, 2012
This post was updated April 20.
Tomorrow, the House Ways and Means Committee will consider a bill to eliminate the Social Service Block Grant (SSBG). This $1.7 billion flexible funding stream helps states provide a range of critical services to some of our nation's most vulnerable individuals, and is often used by states to fill gaps left by federal programs. For example, SSBG provides roughly 13 percent of all federal expenditures on child welfare in the nation.
Eliminating SSBG and cutting 13 percent of all federal spending on child welfare will hit abused and neglected children and those at risk of abuse or neglect hard. Even at present levels of spending from all federal, state and local sources, nearly 40 percent of maltreated children get no services at all following the investigation that determines they were maltreated - not counseling, not parenting education for their families, not foster care - nothing.
The Ways and Means Committee should not cut back already inadequate funding that provides vital services such as child welfare services. To do so would add insult to injury.
UPDATE: Wednesday the House Ways and Means Committee voted to eliminate SSBG and forwarded the recommendation to the Budget Committee for consideration. Given other actions in the House Budget Committee this week, it will likely adopt the measure. From there it will go to the House floor for a vote, where Congressional Republicans would likely pass it and continue to advance their odd notion of "shared sacrifice," under which the most vulnerable do all the sacrificing (as my colleague Elizabeth Lower-Basch noted in a post this week). The proposal to eliminate SSBG is unlikely to receive such a warm welcome from the Senate or the President.
CLASP hopes a truer notion of working together, sharing the burden and helping those in need will be the end result and SSBG will be preserved.


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Chris - from Lorton, VA
A springform pan is a 2-piece pan designed so that the sides can be removed from the bottom. There is a round base and an interlocking band, usually 2-3 inches high; it opens and closes with the flick of a latch. The pan pieces are assembled for baking, then, once the contents have cooked and cooled, the band is opened and removed. Because the cake remains on the pan's base, the springform is perfect for delicate frozen confections, a flourless chocolate cake and both baked and non-baked creamy cheesecakes. They are designed for a firmer, less liquid batter, not for a regular cake mix which is thin and may leak from a springform pan.


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"Are you afraid?" He whispered sending a chill all...
Are You My Mr. Prince Charming?
- by Ria Renee Malik
- Rating:
- Published: 30 Dec 2013
- Updated: 13 Feb 2014
- Status: Complete
When Juno Marie Radke auditions for the xfactor, she never expects to have One Direction as her singing mentors! This is a big change in music and style and everything for her! For a girl who grew up around her famous dad, Ronnie Radke, who was always dressed in black; One Direction is a big change for her! What happens when she catches the eye of one of them? Will she catch herself wanting one of them back?
Join MovellasFind out what all the buzz is about. Join now to start sharing your creativity and passion
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Carlton Fisk
News about Carlton Fisk, including commentary and archival articles published in The New York Times.
When Tempers Flare
A look at baseball arguments and disputed calls through images from the Times photography archives....
October 30, 2013, Wednesday
MORE ON CARLTON FISK AND: Baseball , World Series , Fisk, Carlton , Barnett, Larry
A First-Time Finals Get-Together for the Blackhawks and the Bruins
Two of the N.H.L.'s Original Six, the Blackhawks and the Bruins, will meet for the first time in the Stanley Cup finals. The sporting fates of the two cities have not often been intertwined....
June 11, 2013, Tuesday
MORE ON CARLTON FISK AND: Hockey, Ice , Boston Bruins , Chicago Blackhawks , Epstein, Theo , Esposito, Phil , Fisk, Carlton , Stanfield, Fred , Hodge, Ken
Carlton Fisk Pleads Guilty to Drunken Driving
The Hall of Fame baseball catcher Carlton Fisk pleaded guilty in Joliet, Ill., to a misdemeanor drunken-driving charge, two months after the police found him asleep in his pickup truck in a cornfield....
December 28, 2012, Friday
MORE ON CARLTON FISK AND: Fisk, Carlton , Baseball , Drunken and Reckless Driving
If Nobody's Watching, Why Is Everyone Talking About It?
We are told that nobody is watching the World Series between the Cardinals and Rangers, but somehow everyone is talking about it....
October 28, 2011, Friday
MORE ON CARLTON FISK AND: Ruth, George Herman (Babe) Jr , Fisk, Carlton , Counsell, Craig , Baseball , News , World Series
Was It the Greatest World Series Game Ever?
The Cardinals beat all odds to extend the World Series to seven games, but where does Thursday's Game 6 rank?...
October 28, 2011, Friday
MORE ON CARLTON FISK AND: Baseball , Carter, Joe , Toronto Blue Jays , Williams, Mitch , Pittsburgh Pirates , St Louis Cardinals , Buckner, Bill , Barber, Red , Philadelphia Phillies , New York Yankees , New York Mets , Fisk, Carlton , Cincinnati Reds , News , Jeter, Derek , Brooklyn Dodgers , Kim, Byung Hyun , Boston Red Sox , Martinez, Tino , Terry, Ralph , World Series
Someone Left a Squirrel Out in the Rain
The mascot for the Richmond Flying Squirrels is making the most of his brief trip to St. Louis despite the rainout....
October 27, 2011, Thursday
MORE ON CARLTON FISK AND: Baseball , Morgan, Joe , Fisk, Carlton , World Series , News , Boston Red Sox , Cincinnati Reds
The Bag Tells All
Third base at Comerica Park is where the elite meet....
October 14, 2011, Friday
MORE ON CARLTON FISK AND: Playoff Games , Cruz, Nelson , Texas Rangers , Baseball , Philadelphia Phillies , Seattle Mariners , Cruz, Jose , Cuba , Bernazard, Tony , Florida Marlins , Detroit Tigers , Cooperstown (NY) , Chicago White Sox , Fisk, Carlton , Baseball Hall of Fame , News , Martinez, Victor , Baltimore Orioles , Ott, Mel , American League , Stanton, Mike , Young, Delmon , World Series
A Heated Rivalry Has Lost Some of Its Fight
What was once a fierce rivalry between Yankees and Red Sox catchers — Thurman Munson and Carlton Fisk — has turned friendlier with Jorge Posada and Jason Varitek....
August 9, 2009, Sunday
MORE ON CARLTON FISK AND: New York Yankees , Boston Red Sox , Baseball , Athletics and Sports , Munson, Thurman Lee , Fisk, Carlton , Posada, Jorge , Varitek, Jason
Have Health, Will Travel and Catch
Catchers are always one hard foul away from inactivity, and the rate of attrition for catchers means there is a job market for the position....
May 5, 2008, Monday
MORE ON CARLTON FISK AND: Baseball , Stengel, Casey , Johjima, Kenji , Fisk, Carlton
Damon Gets a Chance to Carry the Yankees
The Yankees need energy these days, and Johnny Damon, the center fielder who lost his job, is providing it. After fighting through various leg injuries, Damon looks as spry as Melky Cabrera....
August 29, 2007, Wednesday
MORE ON CARLTON FISK AND: New York Yankees , Boston Red Sox , Damon, Johnny , Fisk, Carlton , Baseball
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Brasil 2013-14 5 star black authentic shirt. Dri-FIT shirt features Brasil's team graphics bonded on the front, and the team badge applied and sewn on to the left sleeve. It also has 2" banded cuffs, 1" side vents at the hem and mesh ventilation throughout. 96/4 recycled polyester/other fibers.
Tight fit, which means any jersey classified as Authentic will run small. The authentic is the actual piece that is worn on field. The authentic uses a performance cut for a snug fit. The authentic also features upgraded materials. The upgraded materials on the authentic result in a lighter weight
Soccerplus first opened in 1994. We were one of the first soccer websites to hit the webView more
Address: 1640 E. Washington Blvd.
Pasadena, Ca 91104, USA
Phone: 1-800-945-7291
Get Direct


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Sorry, due to a massive bot attack my hoster is asking I remove or turn the wiki into an static HTML based site. The bot attack used over 30% of the total server's CPU in less then an hour and kept it at that until the site was taken down. They also were using massive ammounts of data to where at one point they were using 18.7 GB steadily (this is where the hoster had to shut down my site).
Again sorry about this but due to bot attacks I was forced to shut down the wiki. I still have all the backups incase someone else wants to set up a wiki. But if people would like to help me set up a static HTML wiki (basically not a wiki but a static info site) please e-mail me at umemaro3dwiki(at)elvenmonk(dot)net. It may take me 2-3 days to respond.


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Baptist Children's Homes
See Also: Free Will Baptist Children's Home
Baptist Children's Homes of North Carolina, Inc., founded in 1885, is one of the largest residential child care facilities in the South. The idea to establish an orphanage was first brought before the North Carolina Baptist State Convention in 1884 but was rejected primarily because of the cost of such an enterprise, the existence of the Oxford Masonic Orphanage (which Baptists had helped organize), and the tendency among many North Carolina Baptists to reject any type of missionary efforts beyond the local church. Within a year, however, supporters of the idea had appointed John Haymes Mills as the first general superintendent and commissioned him with the task of raising money and finding a site. A site was selected in Thomasville, and the first resident of the Baptist Orphanage was admitted in 1885.
Baptist Children's Homes of North Carolina, Inc., became an important ministry of the Baptist denomination, receiving a great deal of support from the North Carolina Baptist State Convention. In the early 2000s, the organization had 12 facilities throughout the state, aiding more than 1,200 children and their families through residential group care, crisis emergency care, maternity services for unmarried women, and other support programs.
Additional Resources:
Baptist Children's Home of North Carolina: http://bchfamily.org/about/index
Image Credit:
Durham Building, Baptist Orphanage, Thomasville, N.C.; postcard published by American News Co., New York, N.Y. From the North Carolina Postcard Collection, UNC Libraries. Available from http://dc.lib.unc.edu/ (accessed June 8, 2012).
1 January 2006 | Jonas, Glenn
My mother was in Thomasville
My mother was in Thomasville orphanage sometime in 1940s probably 1945-1950. She has passed away now but I would like to know when she was there exactly. I am trying to trace family history for my grandchildren. Her brother and sisiter where also there. Any help would be appreciated.
Hi Sharon,
Hi Sharon,
Thank you for visiting this article.
Here is the link to the website for the Baptist Children's Homes of North Carolina -- http://www.bchfamily.org/help/. They will be able to tell you if they have any records from Thomasville that you can access.
I am also connecting you by email with Reference Services at the N.C. Government & Heritage Library. Genealogy librarians may also be able to suggest additional resources that are available to help you locate information.
Good luck and best wishes,
Kelly Agan, NC Government & Heritage Library
How do I find the someone who
How do I find the someone who was put in an orphanage in Thomasville, NC in early 1920-1929. I have his name and only know he was place in an orphanage because the family could not care for him. He lost an arm while at the orphanage. I am doing research on this family. I can submit more info if this is a source than could help me. Thanks for your consideration and help.
Hi Faye, I've just sent an
Hi Faye, I've just sent an email connecting you with Reference Services at the NC Government & Heritage Library. For additional information about Reference Services, please visit http://statelibrary.ncdcr.gov/reference/reference.html. Someone in Reference Services will be in touch with you soon about your questions.
Emily Horton, Government & Heritage Library, State Library of NC
Add a comment
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Qualcomm Stadium Advisory Board
The Qualcomm Stadium Advisory Board, the successor to the Qualcomm Stadium Authority, was established in 1998 to serve as an advisory body to the Mayor and City Council, on matters relating to the operations of Qualcomm Stadium. The Board meets on the second Thursday of each month at 8:15 a.m. in the Stadium conference room.
- July 13, 2017
- June 8, 2017 CANCELLED
- May 11, 2017
- April 13, 2017
- March 9, 2017
- February 9, 2017
- January 12, 2017
City Box Sign-In Sheets
Ticket user sign-in sheets for the Qualcomm Stadium and Petco Park City Suites are posted quarterly on the City Office of the Clerk Web site, under News & Announcements.


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NASHVILLE -- Cumberland took control of the TranSouth Conference baseball race with a three game sweep at Trevecca's Jackson Field over the weekend.
CU, ranked No. 3 in the NAIA, took Friday's opener 15-3, then swept the Trojans on Saturday by scores of 7-3 and 14-0.
The Bulldogs of Coach Woody Hunt improved to 32-8 overall / 7-2 in the TranSouth. Trevecca fell to 24-14 / 4-5 in league play. Cumberland outscored TNU, 36-6, and belted eight home runs in the three games, including four in Saturday's twinbill.
Cumberland will host Lindsey-Wilson Sunday in a 2:30 p.m. game at Ernest L. Stockton Field, then will play Bryan College Monday in a 6:30 p.m. contest at Veterans Field in the Baird Park Complex.
Any fans bringing a canned food item to Monday's game will be admitted free of charge. All food collected will go to the Potter's House.


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Message Board
C.J. Box Message Board
Talk about the novels, new and used books that Box has written!
Author Box's Book Reviews
Open Season
Putnam, Jul 2001, 23.95, 304 pp. ISBN: 0399147489 While still a Wyoming state game warden trainee, Joe Pickett ticketed a man fishing without a license. The man turned out to be the state governor. One week after being assigned to Twelve Sleep County, Joe fines outfitter Ote Keeley for shooting a buck out of season. However, Ote takes Joe's gun away and points it at the game warden's head before calmly accepting his ticket. Though he cont...
Savage Run
Putnam, June 2002, 23.95, 288 pp. ISBN 039914876 He is a radical environmentalist known nationwide as an ecoterrorist and founder of the group One Globe. On the third day of his honeymoon, he and his bride Annabel are in the Bighorn National Forest spiking as many trees the have nails when a cow explodes and blows them away. Stewie Woods never realized two men were assigned to kill him had tracked him for days. After Stewie is taken care of, ...
Trophy Hunt
Putnam, July 2004, 24.95, 384 pp. ISBN 0399152008 In Saddlestring, Wyoming, game warden Joe Pickett and his two daughters are fishing when they see dead fish floating in the water. As they walk the river, he finds a man who is taking the fish for sport and throwing them back in the water. While Joe lectures him about the ethics of what he is doing he smells something rancid. The angler points him in the direction of a dead moose. When he goes...
Joe Pickett, a game warden living in Wyoming, finds himself chasing a escapee in a snowstorn that won't letup. A group of anti-government survivalists come into town bringing the mother of his foster daughter who snatches the child from school and takes her to the survivalist camp. Some misinformed Feds go after the survivalists believing they are harboring a murderer. Joe partners with a local untamed loner type, Nate, and they attempt to put a halt ...


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Police Officer Shoots Charging Dog Three Times, Yet it Survives
A St. George police officer shot a charging dog, three times, yet it survived.
But the animal's owner had five of his dogs taken by animal control officials. They say residents are only allowed to have two dogs.
Neighbors say the dogs are aggressive and have been allowed to wander the neighborhood.


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Tom Morello to headline tribute to paralyzed Iraq war veteran
Listen to Rage Against the Machine on iHeartRadio
Tom Morello will be payng tribute to someone he calls a "war hero turned peace hero" next month.
The Rage Against the Machine guitarist is set to headline the musical portion of "A Tribute to Tomas Young," an event celebrating the life of the Iraq war vet who was paralyzed from the chest down less than one week after he was deployed back in 2004.
Young has since become an anti-war activist, and he recently announced plans to end his life in May by removing the feeding tube that's been keeping him alive since November.
Morello says Young is an "inspiration," adding that his voice "thunders louder for peace and justice" than one-thousand exploding drones. "A Tribute to Tomas Young" is scheduled to take place May 19th in Young's hometown of Kansas City, Missouri.


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Kim Kardashian goes blonde!
It may be getting closer to fall, but Kim Kardashian has gone blonde! Again.
According to E!, Kim was spotted carrying baby North - who was covered by a blanket - while on her way to a family BBQ.
Although noted for her long, dark, full locks, Kim has gone lighter before. A few years ago she turned herself into a blondy, and it looks like she was missing her golden look!
Check out Kim from 2009:
Photo Credit Splash News


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Okay, so running R2, I've been experiencing some issues with OpenVas.
Mind you I'm running BT5 on an older machine and I HAVE googled on the subject, just to lose patience and attention to not finding an answer.
Problem 1, I know this one is known, but I didn't see any resolutions: After creating a task, and clicking to start it, it just sits at requesting, then after about a min or two freezes my computer. Did I miss a solution to actually having an active progress bar?
Problem 2. I've yet to find a direct way to update openvas from 3 to 4. Did I miss an update command?


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- Code: Select all
NAME = input('Enter name: ')
X = int(input('Enter number: '))
The name is {NAME}
whose favorite number is {X}
which multiplied by {Y}
is {result}.
"Fire" is to {fire}
"ice" is to {ice}
and "rain" is to {rain}.
def main():
dictionary = thisDictionary()
print(equationAndName(NAME, X, Y))
print(equationAndName('Jeff', 10, 2))
word = input('Enter fire, ice, or rain: ')
print('Your element results in ', dictionary[word], '.', sep='')
def equationAndName(NAME, X, Y):
result = X * Y
statement = SENTENCE.format(**locals())
return statement
def thisDictionary():
elements = dict()
elements['fire'] = 'heat'
elements['ice'] = 'cold'
elements['rain'] = 'wet'
return elements
for blah in ['this', 'and', 'this']:
print('Hello ', (blah), '.', sep='')
input('Press enter to terminate the program... ')
I know this program is pretty incoherent for an actual program, but writing random programs using what I've learned is the best way I've came up with to practice them.
I'm not looking to do this solely on money, but the working conditions for a programmer do seem nice and I think it would be neat to be able to do this to where I can make websites or other software for others and to be a part of making an indie video game to post on Steam or something some day (probably my biggest goal with programming). I suppose what I'm wondering is if I'm going about this in a good way or not and my overall potential given what I can do right now? Right now I plan to get through that tutorial (unless it's terrible past the first part). Not sure where I'll go after that besides to be sure to write programs daily to keep my knowledge/skills sharp.
Another thing that concerns me is that I don't feel comfortable articulating all these terms/techniques I'm using towards others like the pros/experts. I obviously know how to use them to where my programs don't crash and I do tend to see their significance, but I have a hard time putting them into words admittedly. Might be due to me having Aspergers, but my brother assured me that even after a year I'll still be having trouble with that. Not sure what to think about that, honestly. What do you guys think?


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Springhouse Quilters have been busy this year trying to complete all of those unfinished projects that get started but seem to never get finished. One quick project for 2010 was a Hoffman Fabric Challenge that was presented to the membership. A selected piece of fabric was given to each participants and they were instructed to create any size, any pattern, project as long as the selected piece of fabric was recognizable after the item was finished.
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I have come to the conclusion that i learn MUCH better by looking at others work rather than reading an article that just says this does this and that does that. I also obviously learn allot better if im interested in a certain subject as i think we all do.
So im wondering is there a good site out there that has a collection of scripts i can take a look at. I'd prefer them to be security related as ill pick up on things quicker since thats what my focus is. However i really dont mind if there not.
I seem to remember seeing a link posted in the forum of a very nice site with a ton of scripts but sadly im unable to find it and google isnt being much of a help.
Im also open to suggestions of a forum or message board thats friendly to n00bs i can go to as this really isnt the place to be making 20 threads asking questions.
Thanks for the help.


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Giambattista Valli Spring 2014 Couture
"I dress real women. I don't want to make a kind of couture that is detached and distant," said Giambattista Valli, as he was shepherding his models together before they stepped onto his runway. The fact that he knows the women he knows on a social basis makes Valli an old-school designer in a certain way—a grandchild of the joyful, very personal tradition of Roman haute dressmaking that flows from the Alta Moda days of Valentino Garavani's youth in the late fifties. He carries all that easy, friendly Italian joie de vivre with him in his DNA, plus the experience he gained in working for Roberto Capucci, the master of sculptural form, when he was a youngster. But still, he's a modern guy.
All of that has a bearing on what he showed to his young clientele—leggy girls who are scanning for things to make them feel extra-specially good at summer events. In a nutshell: pretty dresses, with a sparkly, bejeweled impact. He'd taken inspiration, he said, from the Impressionists—"flowers, reflected in water"—though the source never read in any literal manner. The work was all in structured silhouettes, decorated with vibrantly colored floriform embroidery—intense red, vivid blue—which climbed up on bodices, and grew down from necklines.
To begin with, it was all short. Curvilinear skirts, some gathered upward at the front, others with molded panniers, a couple cut longer in back to swoop into scrolls in the front—exactly the sort of thing sent out to please young Hollywood actresses who don't feel comfortable in longer lengths. Floor-sweeping looks followed. Most outstanding: a beautiful strapless dress with a pale ivory whoosh of tulle skirt and a pale pink bodice with a veiled flower embroidery, anchored with a deep black ribbon, tied in a bow. Haute couture often takes many words to describe—that's the nature of its inherently complex handwork—but when it hits the eye with that kind of simplicity and freshness, that's success.


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Hot Water Kettles
Tea Kettles and Hot Water Kettles
Slow it down with a spot of tea or speed it up with a quick rolling boil. Whatever pace you choose, elevate your daily routine with a new hot water kettle or lovely little teapot. We have the short and stout variety as well as sleek and electronic variable temperature kettles. From instant noodles to Earl Grey, here are a few new ways to get you into hot water.
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Jura Capresso H2O Pro - Programmable Cordless Water Kettle with Variable Temperature ControlIt's water-heating perfection in a sleek chrome and black kettle: Meet the Jura Capresso H2O Pro Programmable Cordless Water Kettle. It heats your water to the exact temperature you select for whatever drink you're craving. Resting on a universal power base, the H2O Pro offers a viewing window so you can see just how much water is in your kettle. Learn More$79.99
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If it's Top 40, Rock, R & B, Hip Hop, Pop, Alternative, Dance you're looking for, then come and experience the new wave in live entertainment with Atomika. Get ready for the explosion!
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MT. PROSPECT, IL -- The Suzo-Happ Group has been acquired by an affiliate of ACON Investments LLC (Washington, DC). Pfingsten Partners, the previous private equity owner, will retain a minority interest.
The company will continue to be led by James Brendel, president and chief executive, and other members of the present management team and staff. They will focus on global growth in the amusement industrial and gaming markets.
"Under this new ownership, Suzo-Happ will continue to grow as a global company and provide quality, value and satisfaction to our customers, suppliers and employees," Brendel said.
Ken R. Brotman, a founding partner of ACON, noted that Suzo-Happ "has demonstrated solid performance through its long-tenured relationships with its customers, and has built a solid foundation, which will ensure Suzo-Happ Group continued success.
"Customers see value in breadth of product, distribution excellence along with global engineering and manufacturing," Brotman observed, "and we see continued opportunity to expand this concept across multiple end markets and geographies."
Financing for the transaction is being provided by PNC Bank, N.A., a member of the PNC Financial Services Group Inc., and by Cerberus Business Finance LLC.
The Suzo-Happ Group was formed in 2004 by the merger of Happ Controls and Suzo International (Oud Beijerland, The Netherlands). The group expanded with the addition of Advanced Electronic Systems, Starpoint Electrics and Dynamics Chinatec over the ensuing three years. The combined organization has attained a global leadership position in the amusement and gaming components and accessories market, serving more than 20,000 customers around the world.
ACON manages private equity funds and special-purpose partnerships in the United States and Latin America. It was founded in 1996; its principals have managed more than $2 billion of capital. It pursues a "theme-based" investment strategy, focusing on industries and businesses at key inflection-points in their development, and pursues the resulting opportunities in close partnership with established management teams. ACON is headquartered in Washington and maintains offices in Los Angeles, Mexico City and São Paulo.


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Mark Sanford Is The Latest Fox News Pundit Turned Republican Candidate
Mark Sanford officially announced on January 16 that he's running for Congress in South Carolina. Sanford tried to rehabilitate his tarnished image by recently working as a Fox News contributor.
Fox News hired Sanford in October 2011 after a tumultuous finish to his second term as governor, marked [1] by national news about his affair and a subsequent ethics rebuke. The conservative news network hired Sanford despite previously deriding [2] him as a "serial liar," a "laughingstock," and an "early brain donor." Fox Nation recently headlined [3] news about Sanford's run as "Disgraced Former SC Gov. Mark Sanford To Run For Congress" (and quickly pulled the article after Media Matters posted about it).
Sanford was a frequent guest during Fox's coverage of the South Carolina Republican primary, making [4] numerous [5] appearances [6] in the run-up to the January 21 contest and on Fox's primetime South Carolina results coverage. He also appeared on Fox to discuss [7] the South Carolina Boeing-NLRB case [8]. Fox News turned to Sanford on a range of other topics such as the general election [9], Libya [10], and President Obama's jobs proposals [11]. Sanford also wrote columns [12] for FoxNews.com about the 2012 elections.
According to a TVEyes.com search, Sanford most recently appeared as a Fox News contributor on the November 3 edition of America's Election HQ to discuss the upcoming election.
Sanford's campaign website [13] touts his Fox News employment, stating that since "leaving the governorship, Mark has served as a commentator for FOX News."
Several other Republicans have followed similar paths [14] from Fox News employment to Republican office-seeker, including Newt Gingrich, Rick Santorum, John Kasich, Angela McGlowan, and Pete Snyder. Fox News contributor Keith Ablow [14] is considering a run for U.S. Senate in Massachusetts if Sen. John Kerry is confirmed as secretary of state and better known Republicans decline to run, and contributor Liz Cheney is reportedly considering [15] a run for office in Wyoming.
Santorum said during his failed campaign [16] that his prior Fox employment had "been big" and "helped folks remember who I am ... It's a great platform, being able to talk about the current issues of the day." A Columbia Free Times profile of Sanford reported [17] that he was approached by numerous supporters at a tea party convention and one "rushed up to mention that she's seen Sanford on FOX News."
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- Elections [18]
- Network/Outlet
- Fox News Channel [19]


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Well-known for its life-cycle value and durability as commercial flooring, a final challenge— how to recycle it—has been addressed, diverting thousands of tons from landfills.
Well-known for its life-cycle value and durability as commercial flooring, a final challenge— how to recycle it—has been addressed, diverting thousands of tons from landfills.
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Rubber flooring was once relegated to general utilitarian duties. Available mostly in plain grays and browns, it was hidden in back stairways, back hallways and utility rooms. Its durability and performance are exceptional, but it just wasn't "pretty" enough for the public areas of commercial buildings. And the typical round-disc surface profiles weren't conducive to rolling carts or chairs.
Much has changed in the last decade. Manufacturers have introduced smoother profiles in fashionable colors and designs that coordinate with other interior materials and finishes—and rubber flooring's acceptance has grown exponentially, particularly in critical applications like health care and education, but also in many other high-use commercial environments.
The reasons for its growing popularity are numerous. Rubber floors:
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Some rubber flooring producers have earned FloorScore certification. The FloorScore program, developed by the Resilient Floor Covering Institute (RFCI) in conjunction with Scientific Certification Systems (SCS), tests and certifies flooring products for compliance with indoor air quality emission requirements adopted nationwide. A flooring product bearing the FloorScore seal has been independently certified by SCS to comply with the volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions criteria of the California Section 01350 standard.
These flooring products qualify for use in high-performance schools and office buildings. Products with the FloorScore seal have passed a third-party certification process and are recognized as contributing to good indoor air quality in order to protect human health. Products bearing the FloorScore label also meet the indoor air emissions criteria of the Collaborative for High Performance Schools (CHPS), the LEED Green Building Rating System, and the Green Guide for Health Care.
For many, rubber flooring's biggest selling point is probably its lifetime maintenance cost—the lowest of all major flooring options (see sidebar). It can last and look good for a very, very long time, which is why it often replaces or is specified over VCT, vinyl sheet goods and linoleum. Regular cleaning with an auto scrubber will bring out rubber's natural sheen without the need for stripping and waxing. Couple this with the material's inherent resistance to damage, and you've got a floor that's much more likely to "ugly out" long before it wears out.
This level of durability was once a mixed blessing. When a rubber floor was finally removed, there were no viable recycling or reuse options for the old flooring material, primarily because rubber floors are generally glued down with very strong adhesives that are difficult to remove from the material when it's pulled up—and the presence of these adhesives on the material limits reuse options. Landfilling used to be the only option.
Rubber flooring has long been recognized as an environmentally friendly choice, and is helpful in garnering LEED credits. Natural rubber, of course, is a rapidly renewable resource, and some products use recycled rubber and cork content. The introduction of the industry's first recycling program adds MR 2 (Materials and Resources, Construction Waste Management) credits to the mix.
Here's a rundown of the potential LEED advantages to specifying rubber flooring, adapted from the USGBC Green Building Rating System for Commercial Interiors:
WHAT IS RUBBERNatural rubber is an elastic hydrocarbon polymer, or elastomer. It is derived from latex found in the sap of some plants, where it helps defend them against small insects. Latex also coagulates when exposed to air.
Most latex is harvested from plantation-grown pará rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis) when they are five to six years old. Rubber trees must be "tapped" every seven to nine years, or they will stop producing latex. The trees are not destroyed or harmed in the process. Natural latex rubber is used in products such as latex gloves and balloons. Rubber trees will not grow in North America, so most of our rubber products are made from synthetic rubber.
The most widely used synthetic rubber copolymer is made from styrene and butadiene. Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) was developed in Germany prior to World War II, but became prevalent in the United States during the war as a replacement for natural rubber supplies no longer available from the Far East. Vulcanized SBR offers superior abrasion resistance and aging stability in the presence of certain additives.
To create more durable products, the molecular structure of SBR is set through vulcanization—the application of heat, pressure and steam. Vulcanized rubber is less sticky and therefore easier to work with in manufacturing than rarubber, and can be engineered for specific mechanical properties for products such as hoses and shoe soles. Hard vulcanized rubber, known as ebonite, has higher styrene content and is used to make bowling balls and the mouthpieces for woodwind instruments like saxophones and clarinets.
Rubber flooring is commonly manufactured by vulcanizing SBR. Vulcanized rubber flooring provides superior durability without losing resiliency when compared with other polymeric/elastomeric flooring technologies.
Because of its molecular structure, vulcanized rubber flooring cannot be melted down to mold a neproduct, which adds significant challenges to recycling compared to other manmade hydrocarbon flooring materials. Some manufacturers will chip down old materials and reintroduce binders to create neflooring products; but until recently that was the only option—and demand was limited by the resulting "speckled" designs.
CRACKING THE RECYCLING CODERubber flooring offers one of the lowest life-cycle costs along with a reduced environmental impact. In recent years, recycled vulcanized SBR has been increasingly popular in municipal landscaping mulches, playground surfacing, rubber crumb (or "sand") for athletic fields, and in other applications such as pavers and edgings. Much of this material was made from tires. Rubber flooring had been left on the sidelines because of the complications adhesives introduced to the grinding and chopping process … until now.
An innovative new chopping and shredding method has been engineered that allows rubber flooring to be processed into mulch, soft "stone," and rubber crumbs for use in landscaping, athletic fields and playground applications.
Designers and contractors accustomed to the job site recycling programs instituted by the carpeting industry have been waiting for other product categories to come up to speed. Thanks to an innovative partnership between the supplier and the recycler, some rubber flooring manufacturers can now offer the same cost, logistical and environmental advantages.
Here's hothe rubber flooring recycling program works:
Rubber flooring samples can also be returned to suppliers' vendor partners for reuse in other products. Program suppliers may, on request, test samples of a floor being removed to ensure it can be recycled.
Once at the recycler, the old flooring is prepared, chopped and shredded. If desired, a special EPA-approved adherent paint can be applied in a range of colors to the chopped rubber to give it uniformity, although consumers tend to prefer a mix of the flooring's original colors. Incoming material can be sorted by color before being recycled for specific color combinations.
The machinery used by the recycler is custom engineered to operate more efficiently—and less expensively—than other rubber flooring chopping and shredding equipment on the market. Special blades had to be developed because, surprisingly, rubber dulls tooling five times faster than grinding concrete. Depending on the durometer or hardness of the rubber, friction in the process can raise temperatures to 300 degrees within five minutes.
In the year since the industry's first rubber flooring recycling program began, more than 1,000 tons of material—both removed flooring and factory scrap—have been diverted from landfills.
Click for a larger image
A NEW AFTERLIFE FOR RUBBER FLOORSRubber flooring that has been converted to playground mulch creates a safer play area, and keeps thousands of tons of rubber out of landfills. It conforms to U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission guidelines, and has earned ADA approval.
As landscaping mulch, recycled rubber flooring is considered a safe compound and is harmless to plants. It also lasts much longer than organic mulch materials. Compared to landscaping rock, chopped rubber delivers much more volume with less than half the weight, making it less expensive to haul (and requiring less labor to disperse).
Recycled rubber's role in athletic fields is to aerate artificial turf. That sand-like substance you see bouncing up around football players as they run? That's rubber recycled into a crumb form. Athletic shoemakers have even developed special shoe designs and sole compounds for maximum performance on artificial turf with rubber crumb.
Recycled rubber flooring is being combined with rebinders to make pavers and even Olympic weights. Larger rubber "stones" are also being used in concrete blocks, rather than real stones, to give them better slip-resistant properties.
The ability to recycle and reuse rubber floors is a major leap forward for designers and contractors. Now, many of the same properties that make SBR rubber a great commercial floor will benefit consumers, children, athletes and the environment, well into the future.


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MONCTON, N.B. – A shooting in Moncton last night has claimed the life of three RCMP officers and left two others wounded.
Reports indicate a sixth unidentified individual is in hospital.
The suspect is allegedly a white male carrying a variety of weapons, including a pair of high-powered rifles. Police are currently conducting a manhunt for him, advising individuals in the area to remain inside. A Moncton Times and Transcript photo of the alleged suspect shows him wearing army fatigues.
Shortly before 11 p.m., the RCMP's Twitter account, @RCMPNB, posted: "3 officers mortally wounded by shooter. 2 officers sustained non life threatning injuries. Shooter still actively sought."
Just after 10 p.m. the account posted: "RCMP searching for 24-y-o Justin Bourque of Moncton. Considered armed and dangerous."
Shortly after, another post stated: "Moncton Coliseum, Pinehurst Subdivision - Stay inside lock your doors Stay safe. Motorist stay away from area."
At about 9:30 p.m., @RCMPNB posted: "Moncton Coliseum, Worthington, Preston, Elmurst area - Stay inside lock your doors Stay safe. Motorist stay away from area."
At approximately 9 p.m., the account posted: "#Codiac #RCMPNB advises the public in the Hildegard / Ryan Road area to remain inside due to an ongoing shooting in the area."
A post a few minutes later read: "#Codiac #RCMPNB advises the public in the Trinity / Plaza Blvd area in Moncton to remain inside due to an ongoing shooting in the area."
Twitter is also filled with posts from residents of Moncton:
"This is a very dark moment in our lovely town. Thank you, God bless, brave friends. Sorry for this horrible loss."
– @LawrenceBAuthor
"We always seen it happen to other places and people but we never thought it would happen to us #staystrongmoncton #monctonshooting."
– @kristenpoirierr
"How is this guy able to go from Hildegard to the Power Center and now to the Coliseum? This needs to end.
– @ThomasRaffy
"It's like a ghost town out there, aside from the sirens..."
– @KaitieSexton
Police are asking anyone with information to call 911. Reports state they are also asking individuals to not share information on police locations via social media.
A message sent out this morning said all schools in School District 2 were closed today ue to the incident in Moncton. The Francophone South school district also closed its schools in Moncton, Dieppe-Memramcook, Shediac and Bouctouche.


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What should be done if a husband and wife disagree on tithing / how much to give?
Question: "What should be done if a husband and wife disagree on tithing / how much to give?"
Answer: When a husband and wife disagree on "tithing" or on how much to give to the local church and other ministries, much conflict can arise. First, it is important to understand that Christians under the New Covenant are under no obligation to tithe 10% of their income. God instituted tithing to Israel in the Old Testament economy. The tithe was a practice even before the law was given (Genesis 14:20), and Leviticus 27:30 says that the people were to tithe of the land, seed or fruit of the trees for it all belongs to the Lord. In Deuteronomy 14:22, Moses relates to the people that God says, "Be sure to set aside a tenth of all that your fields produce each year." The people of Israel were to bring a tenth of all of their increase and give it back to the Lord. The tithe supported the tabernacle and later the temple as well as the priesthood.
Today, our tithes and offerings are a love offering we give to God in thanksgiving for the blessings that we receive as His children. We are not under the law of the Old Testament economy but in the age of grace. Our tithes and offerings are a way to support God's work in our local churches as well as missionary endeavors. The principle is that we cannot out-give God, and He does bless us full measure, pressed down and running over. In other words, when we give from the right spiritual mindset, the blessings returned to us are in good measure (Luke 6:38). However, we cannot walk in disobedience and expect our offerings to make up for that lack. For if we are walking in disobedience, any blessing that would come from giving to the Lord is negated by the wrong heart motive of the giver when the gift is given, and that is the principle behind the failure of the Pharisees.
When we give to the Lord, we are to give out of a cheerful heart. "Remember this: Whoever sows sparingly will also reap sparingly, and whoever sows generously will also reap generously. Each man should give what he has decided in his heart to give, not reluctantly or under compulsion, for God loves a cheerful giver" (2 Corinthians 9:6-7). Giving out of necessity or giving in order to make up for something lacking will not profit us spiritually, nor will it bring blessing to the household. Believing wives are under the authority of God, and their submission to the Word is doubly important because of the possible inaction of their husbands. Obedience and faithfulness in doing what they know is pleasing to God will be a testimony to their husbands.
In God's order, the husband and the wife are one (Mark 10:8). If there is a disagreement about giving any offering to God, the wife cannot usurp her husband's authority and give in his place. In so doing, the wife takes the headship authority (Ephesians 5:22-33) upon herself, and that is outside of God's order. Wives are to walk in obedience to God's command and submit as unto Him (Ephesians 5:22). That obedience will bring a blessing and the grace to stand in faith. God has a way of getting things done, and we can confidently stand still and watch without taking it upon ourselves to right what we see as wrong. In 1 Samuel we find this eternal principle: "But Samuel replied, 'Does the LORD delight in burnt offerings and sacrifices as much as in obeying the voice of the LORD? To obey is better than sacrifice, and to heed is better than the fat of rams'" (1 Samuel 15:22).
Recommended Resource: Perspectives on Tithing: 4 Views by David A. Croteau
What does the Bible say about Christian tithing? Should a Christian tithe?
Is it wrong for a husband and wife to have separate bank accounts?
How does one handle conflict in a marriage (or any relationship for that matter)?
What was the firstfruits offering? Should Christians give a firstfruits offering today?
What does the Bible say about handling money in a marriage?
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Questions about Marriage
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What should be done if a husband and wife disagree on tithing / how much to give?


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Reviews, reviews, reviews...
FreakScore is a weighted average of all aggregated professional and user review scores.
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This product has a FreakScore of 5.3
out of 10 based on 471 scores.
HP Compaq Mini CQ10
The HP Compaq Mini CQ10 is a notebook
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Best Price at Amazon


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An Examination of Indiana Trial Courts
This Report will focus on only one aspect of I ndiana's judicial system: its trial courts, which resolve the overwhelming number of cases filed in Indiana's courts. This Report will first briefly introduce the trial courts, then turn to their financ ial status, and finally consider whether it may be appropriate to revise their funding situation.
Copyright 2012. Public IN Review. All Rights Reserved.


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Results 1 to 4 of 4
Thread: Surrogate Search
29th January 2013 04:38 PM #1
- Join Date
- Jan 2013
- Posts
- 3
Surrogate Search
Hi, my husband and I want to take advantage of the the changes in Qlds recent law changes regarding surrogacy.
We joined a few sites, but it seems that so far, all we have met is scammers, which is heartbreaking.
We have advertised our willingess to donate sperm reciprically and indicated we have no issue helping in the future if the sperm recipient wants siblings. We have stated we would be happy to either be in contact or not, depending on the Mothers choice..
The only stipulation we have placed is that the surrogate must be Australian as we cannot afford to travel overseas. We have no issues with ethnicity.
We have done all the things we can think of to open the door for a child.. so far, all we have is hope.
Does anyone know of anything else we could try??
Thank you,
Kate & James
29th January 2013 05:24 PM #2buderimosteopathGuest
I wish you luck with your future family and hope someone comes along soon that can help.
8th April 2013 10:18 PM #3
- Join Date
- Feb 2012
- Location
- Marrickville, Sydney, Australia
- Posts
- 170
Hi Kate and James
Firstly welcome to our forum. I am sorry to hear you are experiencing difficulties in locating a suitable (and legitimate!) surrogate.
Part of the problem I would imagine is that this legislative change is relatively new. Because of longstanding legal issues surrounding surrogacy in Australia, it is quite likely not the first option that would come to the mind of a woman considering assisting others to conceive - egg donation being a more common event in Australia.
I am loathe to suggest sites or platforms as I have no knowledge of their authenticity. I wish there was more I could say to you than, it may take time... but I feel this is perhaps the most honest answer I can give at this point. As awareness rises, you may find that so too do the numbers of women appearing on relevant sites who are willing to help.
One thought I have though within this forum is, can any of our American members help? Surrogacy has been legal in your nation far longer than ours. While obviously Kate and James aren't looking to actually negotiate in America, can any of you suggest how they might go about locating a willing birth mother?
Kate and James, I wish you the very best of luck. I am going to make contact with a few people I know who may have suggestions and will post back here anything of value I can turn up.
Until then, best of luck!
8th April 2013 10:23 PM #4
- Join Date
- Feb 2012
- Location
- Marrickville, Sydney, Australia
- Posts
- 170
Hi again Kate and James
Just for your info, I have copied your message over into our Fertility and Conception Forum. I feel it is more likely to be seen there by anyone with information or who is willing to assist you with surrogacy.


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Walker to direct USC Statehouse efforts; comes home to Carolina
The University of South Carolina announced Thursday (Sept. 1) that Gov. Nikki Haley's deputy chief of staff and USC alumnus Trey Walker, '89, will lead its Statehouse efforts as the new director of state relations.
Walker, with 20 years of experience in government relations and political consulting on the state and national levels, directed legislative affairs and communications for the governor and similar efforts prior for the attorney general. The former state GOP executive director ran Sen. John McCain's successful state primary campaign and served on the national campaign senior staff.
"Trey Walker is not only an experienced government relations professional, but he exudes Gamecock pride. In many ways, we are welcoming him back home to his alma mater," Luanne Lawrence, USC vice president for communications, said. "During the interview process, it was clear that he had the established contacts in the General Assembly, the governor's office and throughout the state of South Carolina that USC needs in growing its presence. He is truly a proud alumnus."


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Hi, I'm Taylor, the fall intern here at Family Tree Magazine. Nice to meet you all!
As Halloween rolls around, you begin thinking of costumes, candies and creatures. But where did all these spooks and treats come from? Before you crack out the latest scary movie and devour your favorite snack, let's catch up on some Hallow-history.
According to our new book Good Old Days, My Ass Irish Potato Famine Immigrants brought Halloween and the jack-o-lantern to America after 1846. The original jack-o-lantern tale is rather gruesome. "Jack" trapped the devil inside a tree until he agreed that Jack, an avid sinner, would never go to hell. The devil then gave Jack a burning ember to light his way through the dark places in the world. Jack placed the ember into a lantern made of a turnip. When the Irish reached America, pumpkins proved more practical than turnips.
But, one of the world's oldest holidays, Halloween celebrations have been going on since way past our time and have evolved from the festivals celebrated by our ancestors. Celtic Ireland is credited with creating our spook fests. Known as Samhain, Oct. 31 was for clearing out the old and starting new. As the Celtic New Year, Samhain marked the beginning of the 11th month.
Celtics believed that on this day, the thin veil between our world and the otherworld was weakest, allowing spirits to inhabit the land for a single night. While this mostly included deceased family members, malevolent souls were also allowed passage. The villagers would dress up in scary, distorted masks to deter evil spirits from causing them harm.
The Romans celebration was based on Pomona, the goddess of fruit trees, especially apples. Many dishes served during this gathering were apple based; this is where "bobbing for apples" is derived as well as caramel apples. Seventh century Pope Boniface wanted to channel citizens away from Pagan traditions and declared Nov. 1, All Saints Day, which kicked off Oct. 31 as All Hallows Eve.
While many countries continue these traditions, Hispanic countries have their own interpretation. Dia de Los Muertos (Day of the Dead) is a three-day celebration beginning on Oct. 31. This is a time when deceased loved ones return to their homes. Family members build alters to welcome their ancestors. They will gather favorite foods and items of the deceased as well as flowers and incense to guide them home. The family will then visit at the graveyard to remember those they've lost.
Check out these Halloween history websites to learn more.
1. Verify, verify, verify. Because so many of our
Colonial families have "already been done," it is important to
verify data that has already been published. Mistakes in Colonial
families can filter through several generations and cause
headaches for genealogists.
2. It hasn't all been done. It is important to get over the
common mindset that "my colonial families have all been
researched," as there's still so much to discover. During the
webinar, we'll talk about a few new resources for tracing Colonial
families that are largely untapped by genealogists.
3. Study your history. The Colonial period is a fascinating
time in our history, and it is important that you know exactly
what was happening in the areas your ancestors were living.
Boundary changes, disputes, conflicts with American Indians and a
host of other events did impact the lives of our Colonial
You can get websites and contact information for state
vital records offices from the Centers for Disease
Control Where to Wrote for Vital Records listing.
The town or county health department or a local genealogical
society where your ancestor lived can tell you when death
recording began there. Remember that these early records
often aren't complete.
The town or county health department or a local genealogical
society where your ancestor lived can tell you when death
recording began there. Remember that these early records
often aren't complete.
Learn more about tracking down death information for your
ancestors from these Family Tree Magazine expert


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Cognitive Psychology: Attention · Decision making · Learning · Judgement · Memory · Motivation · Perception · Reasoning · Thinking - Cognitive processes Cognition - Outline Index
Retrieval-induced forgetting (or RIF) is a phenomenon in memory where the act of remembering causes forgetting of other information in memory. The phenomenon was first empirically demonstrated in 1994, although the plausibility of such an effect was previously alluded to in discussions of retrieval inhibition. Often demonstrated through an experiment called the retrieval-practice paradigm, RIF has been shown to be generalizable to many kinds of materials.
Although RIF occurs as a consequence of explicit retrieval, the actual forgetting is thought to occur implicitly or below the level of awareness. Currently, there is ongoing debate among cognitive psychologists over different theoretical accounts that best explain why RIF occurs, and how the effect fits in the larger picture of cognition. In particular, researchers are divided on the idea that an inhibitory mechanism may be responsible for the resulting forgetting, as opposed to general interference from other information in memory.
|Item Level
|Context Level
|Low Intentionality
| retrieval-induced forgetting
part-set cuing
|context change[2]
|Medium Intentionality
| think/no-think
proactive interference
|retroactive interference
|High Intentionality
|list-method directed forgetting
Although the term "retrieval-induced forgetting" was first used in 1994,[3] the plausibility of RIF was described in an earlier review of inhibition by Robert A. Bjork:[4]
...Neely and Durgunoğlu (1985) account for inhibited (slowed) episodic recognition of words following a semantically related prime in terms of a suppression-type retrieval inhibition. They assume that "subjects actively tried to suppress the prime's semantic associates in the episodic recognition task because the retrieval of such associates was irrelevant to the task— namely, knowing that a target is semantically related to its prime does not provide information as to its study status."
Conceptually, RIF is similar to observations of part-set cuing in that both show lowered memory performance given a subset of previously studied information. For example, in part-set cuing when participants are given a subset of U.S. states and then asked to recall as many states as possible, they typically perform worse compared to when no subset is given beforehand.[5] In the field of memory inhibition, RIF is also to related forgetting attributable to changes in context in the sense that they are initiated relatively automatically and without awareness.[1][2] Output interference is also a related phenomenon, where generation of exemplars from a category (like fruits) can render the remaining items from the category less accessible either through slowed or errors in generation.[6]
Retrieval-practice paradigmEdit
RIF is demonstrated in a type of experiment called the retrieval-practice paradigm. The exact nature of instructions and procedure varies slightly from experiment to experiment. For instance, in the original version of the experiment,[3] booklets were used to present stimuli and to facilitate memory testing. However, since then this procedure has often been done using computer software such as Microsoft PowerPoint or E-Prime. There are typically three main phases:
Study phaseEdit
Participants are asked to study word pairs called category-exemplar pairs that consist of a category name and a word that belongs to that category (for example, FRUIT - orange). Instructions are given to study the items, although the specific strategy for study can vary across experiments, as can the amount of time participants are given to study each item. Typically, multiple exemplars are studied that are split over a number of categories (e.g. Anderson et al. (1994) used 48 items in total— 8 categories with 6 items in each category). For example, among several others, participants might study word pairs such as the following:[3]
- METAL - iron
- TREE - birch
- METAL - silver
- TREE - elm
Retrieval-practice phaseEdit
A subset of the items, typically half of the items from half of the categories, are tested through a fill-in-the-blank test. For a given item, the participant is shown the category name and the first two letters of a studied word from that category followed by a blank (e.g. METAL - ir______). Participants are instructed to fill in the blank with the name of a previously studied word from that category. There are usually three repetitions of retrieval-practice, so participants will practice remembering the items multiple times. For instance, using the above examples, participants may only receive practice for the pair METAL - iron.[3]
The retrieval-practice phase splits the item into three different types that are of interest during the final test, and are often denoted using the following notation:[3][7][8][9]
- Rp+ items (Practiced items) are studied words that participants attempt to remember during retrieval practice.
- Rp- items (Unpracticed, related items) are studied words that are not practiced, but related (by category) to words that were practiced.
- NRp items (Unpracticed, unrelated items) are studied words in categories that are never practiced. These categories are typically unrelated to practiced categories.
As an example, consider a participant who has studied the following items:[3]
- METAL - iron
- TREE - birch
- METAL - silver
- TREE - elm
The participant performs retrieval practice for iron, but not for any of the other above items. The items would be designated as following:[3]
- Rp+ items: iron
- Rp- items: silver
- NRp items: birch, elm
Test phaseEdit
After retrieval-practice, participants are given a final test, where participants are asked to remember all the items from the study phase. The goal of the test phase is to assess whether participants remember Rp- items any differently than NRp items. Another way of thinking about this goal is whether, at final test, prior retrieval practice had any effect on related items compared to unrelated studied items. RIF is ultimately measured as the difference between the proportion of Rp- items remembered and the proportion of NRp items remembered.[3]
Researchers have employed several versions of the test phase in the RIF literature:
Category-cued testsEdit
Participants are shown one studied category at a time and are asked to remember all studied items from that category. Although a set amount of time is given for each category, the exact amount of time varies across studies. For instance, Anderson et al. (1994) gave participants 30 seconds for each category cue (and given that there were 6 words in each category, this meant that participants had 5 seconds, on average, to remember each item). Other studies have used longer durations.[10][11]
Category-plus-stem-cued testsEdit
In addition to the category, participants are also given a particular number of letters corresponding to a uniquely studied item from the category. Because these cues are specific to a particular word, participants are given relatively less time to respond to each cue compared to category-cued tests. Test durations for each cue have ranged anywhere from 10 seconds[3][12] to as few as 3 seconds.[13] Typically, category-plus-stem-cued tests include only the first initial letter from the word,[9][14] but others have included multiple letters.[3][15]
Recognition testsEdit
Recognition tests are unique in that participants are not required to produce a word from memory as a part of the test. Instead, participants are literally shown a word, and are asked to report whether it was a word they studied or not. In addition to showing all of the studied words, recognition tests typically show a large number of non-studied words. Consequently, not only is it typical to measure how often participants correctly recognize studied items (called hits), but also how often they incorrectly recognize non-studied items (called false alarms). Comparing the difference between these two proportions is called d', a statistic measuring the ability to discriminate between studied and non-studied items, and has been used to represent RIF.[7][16] Reaction time is also used to represent RIF, where slower reaction times are thought to represent more difficulty in recognizing the studied item.[7][8]
General findingsEdit
RIF studies have generally yielded results where, on average, Rp- items are remembered less well than NRp items, the latter of which serves as a baseline. That is, unstudied items that are related to practiced items are remembered less well than unstudied items that are unrelated to practiced items.[1][17] A secondary finding is that, on average, practiced words (Rp+ items) are remembered much better at test than baseline. This result is the product of the testing effect stemming from retrieval practice.[12][18]
Generality of RIFEdit
RIF studies have generally used words from basic and easily recognized categories, but the effects have been shown with a wide variety of stimuli:
- Homographs[19][20]
- Words based on their lexical properties[15]
- Visuo-spatial information[21][22]
- Propositional information[23]
- Details of a mock crime scene[24][25]
- Personality traits of others[26]
Manipulation of retrieval practice phaseEdit
Although the typical paradigm includes retrieval practice of previously studied words, some studies have show RIF even when participants are asked to retrieve something else. For instance, RIF has occurred even when participants generate new, unstudied items from previously studied categories in what is called "extra-list retrieval practice" or "semantic generation."[14][18] In a method called "impossible retrieval practice," RIF has also been observed when participants are asked to generate a word for a category, even though one does not actually exist.[18][27] Consider that having studied a number of fruits, a participant is asked to generate a word given the cue FRUIT - wu. Although successful retrieval is not possible in this case, RIF is still observed at final test.
When retrieval practice is replaced with additional studyEdit
Some studies have examined the effect on RIF when participants, instead of being asked to perform retrieval practice, are given additional study trials. That is, participants actually restudy the material instead of remembering prior information. In these cases, participants have failed to show any RIF effects.[9][21]
RIF studies in special populationsEdit
Because RIF is an effect related to the accessibility of information, researchers have studied whether it persists in populations that have certain disorders related to memory. In one study of students diagnosed with ADHD, the degree of RIF observed compared to a control group depended on the kind of final test used. When using a category-cued test, there were no differences in RIF compared to a control group. However, when a category-plus-stem-cued test was used, participants with ADHD, on average, showed less RIF than controls.[28] Patients with depression do no show any RIF compared to controls when using a category-plus-stem-cued test.[29] Patients with schizophrenia have also been shown to produce comparable RIF effects to control groups under a category-cued test, but show reduced RIF using a recognition test.[30]
Collaborative studying is thought to have certain benefits, such as helping one remember some forgotten details, and reducing errors that may be picked up by other group members. However, when comparing retrieval of a list of studied items between individuals and groups (of three), groups performed worse on average. This effect is called socially shared RIF,[31] and can even occur with details related to flashbulb memories, such as Americans remembering details related to the September 11th attacks.[32]
Theoretical accountsEdit
- Main article: Interference theory
In general, forgetting is often accounted by interference processes owing to the heightened accessibility of other, associated information in memory. In relation to RIF, researchers have described interference through a number of possible mechanisms. For instance, one theory called blocking posits that because Rp+ items are more easily remembered at test, they may occupy a "response channel" in memory and effectively prevent Rp- items in memory from being remembered, but would not affect their accessibility. NRp items would less affected by this blocking effect because retrieval of Rp+ items would not block out items from different categories.[3][33] Other theories such as resource diffusion and response decrement are similar to blocking. However, these theories conceptualize memory as a finite set of resources that cannot be distributed adequately enough to Rp- items at test.[3]
Other models of interference have been proposed that more precisely define the idea of an item's strength in memory through separating the strength of item information and the contextual information it is linked to.[17][34] Such models may explain why certain strengthening methods cause RIF and others do not.[35]
- Main article: Memory inhibition
Central to the inhibition account of RIF is that access to Rp- items is actively suppressed by an inhibitory process during retrieval-practice.[3][36] For instance, when participants perform retrieval practice, the category cue may activate many associated items. The degree to which related, but inappropriate associates (i.e. Rp- items) become accessible serves as a source of competition that antagonizes retrieval of an appropriate response.[37] To resolve this competition, an inhibitory process intervenes to suppress accessibility to such items.[1] Subsequently, this suppression facilitates retrieval of an appropriate item and prevents retrieval of contextually inappropriate items. Items from unrelated categories (i.e. NRp items) are less competitive during retrieval practice and thus, require less inhibition.[3] At final test, the consequences of the suppression persist, and previously competitive items that were inhibited are less accessible.[38]
This reduction in accessibility is consistent with the definition of inhibition proposed by Robert A. Bjork: That inhibition is an active, direct form of suppression that serves to reduce access to one or several responses for some adaptive purpose.[4]
Memory inhibition in reference to RIF has sometimes been likened to processes of inhibition known to be in motor control, such as those responsible for a baseball player stopping their swing when they anticipate a ball, or removing one's hand from a hot stove.[38] Similarly, when a dominant response in memory is inappropriate, inhibitory processes must be recruited to temporarily suppress that response so that a more appropriate one can be retrieved.
Other accountsEdit
Individual strategies in retrieval have been considered as one way RIF might occur, in that retrieval practice may disrupt the way participants remember items studied from those categories.[39] If participants are preparing to remember items during retrieval-practice based on some strategy, certain presentation orders may disrupt that strategy whereas others may not. For instance, when participants practice items in the same or comparable order as presented during study, RIF is lowered compared to when presentation is random during retrieval practice. This pattern of results is the same regardless if participants are instructed to remember the order in which items are presented during study.[40]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Anderson, Michael C. (2005). "The role of inhibitory control in forgetting unwanted memories: A consideration of three methods." Nobuo Ohta, Colin M. MacLeod, Bob Uttl Dynamic cognitive processes, 159-189, Tokyo: Springer. URL accessed 12 December 2011.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Sahakyan, L., Kelley, C. M. (2002). contextual change account of the directed forgetting effect.. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition 28: 1064-1072.
- ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 Anderson, Michael C., Bjork, Robert A.; Bjork, Elizabeth L. (1994). [http://bjorklab.psych.ucla.edu/pubs/anderson_rbjork_ebjork_1994.pdf Remembering Can Cause Forgetting: Retrieval Dynamics in Long-Term Memory]. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 20 (5): 1063-1087.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Robert A. Bjork (1989). Henry L. Roediger, Fergus I. M. Craik Varieties of memory and consciousness: Essays in honour of Endel Tulving, 337, Psychology Press. URL accessed 12 December 2011.
- ↑ Brown, J. (1968). Reciprocal facilitation and impairment of free recall.. Psychonomic Science 10: 41-42.
- ↑ Blaxton, T. A., Neely, J. H. (1983). Inhibition from semantically related primes: Evidence of a category-specific inhibition.. Memory & Cognition 11: 500-510.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Román, Patricia, Soriano, M.F., Gómez-Ariza, C.J., & Bajo, M.T. (2009). Retrieval-Induced Forgetting and Executive Control. Psychological Science 20 (9): 1053-1058.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Veling, Harm, Van Knippenberg, A. (204). Remembering Can Cause Inhibition: Retrieval-Induced Inhibition as Cue Independent Process. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 30 (2): 315-318.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Bäuml, Karl Heinz, Hartinger, Armin (2002). On the role of item similarity in retrieval-induced forgetting. Memory 10 (3): 215-224.
- ↑ Aslan, Alp, Bäuml, Karl Heinz; Pastotter, Bernhardt (2007). No Inhibitory Deficit in Older Adults' Episodic Memory. Psychological Science 18 (1): 72-78.
- ↑ Jakab, Emőke, Raaijmakers, Jeroen G. W. (2009). The Role of Item Strength in Retrieval-Induced Forgetting. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition 25 (3): 607-617.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Goodmon, Leilani B., Anderson, Michael C. (2011). Semantic Integration as a Boundary Condition on Inhibitory Processes in Episodic Retrieval. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition 37 (2): 416-436.
- ↑ Kuhl, Bruce A., Dudukovic, Nicole M., & Wagner, Anthony D. (July 2007). Decreased demands on cognitive control reveal the neural processing benefits of forgetting. Nature Neuroscience 10 (7): 908-914.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 Storm, Benjamin C., Bjork, Elizabeth L., Bjork, Robert A., & Nestojko, John F. (2006). Is retrieval success a necessary condition for retrieval-induced forgetting?. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 13 (6): 1023-1027.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 Bajo, M. Teresa, Gómez-Ariza, C.J., Fernandez, C., & Marful, A. (September 2006). Retrieval-Induced Forgetting in Perceptually Driven Memory Tests. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 32 (8): 1185-1194.
- ↑ Spitzer, Bernhard, Bäuml, K. (2007). Retrieval-Induced Forgetting in Item Recognition: Evidence for a Reduction in General Memory Strength. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 83 (5): 863-875.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 Verde, M.F.. "Retrieval-induced forgetting and Inhibition: A critical view" Brian H. Ross The psychology of learning and motivation., Oxford: Academic Press.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Storm, B.C., Bjork, E.L., Bjork, R.A., Nestojko, J.F. (2007). When intended remembering leads to unintended forgetting. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 60 (7): 909-915.
- ↑ Shivde, G.; Anderson, M.C. (2001). "The role of inhibition in meaning selection: Insights from retrieval-induced forgetting." D.S. Gorfein On the consequences of meaning selection: Perspectives on resolving lexical ambiguity, 175-190, Washington, DC: American Psychological Association..
- ↑ Johnson, S.K., Anderson, M.C. (2004). The role of inhibitory control in forgetting semantic knowledge. Psychological Science 15 (7): 448-453.
- ↑ 21.0 21.1 Ciranni, M. A., Shimamura, A. P. (1999). Retrieval-induced forgetting in episodic memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 25: 1403–1414.
- ↑ Gómez-Ariza, C., Fernandez, A. & Bajo, M.T. (2012). Incidental retrieval-induced forgetting of location information. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 19 (3): 483-489.
- ↑ Anderson, M.C., Bell, T. (2001). Forgetting our facts: The role of inhibitory processes in the loss of propositional knowledge. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 130: 544–570.
- ↑ Shaw, J.S., Bjork, R.A., & Handal, A. (1995). Retrieval-induced forgetting in an eyewitness-memory paradigm. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2: 249-253.
- ↑ MacLeod, M. (2002). Retrieval-induced forgetting in eyewitness memory: forgetting as a consequence of remembering. Applied Cognitive Psychology 12: 148-152.
- ↑ MacLeod, M., Macrae, C.N. (March 2001). Gone but Not Forgotten: The Transient Nature of Retrieval-Induced Forgetting. Psychological Science 12 (2): 148-152.
- ↑ Storm, B.C., Nestojko, J.F. (2010). Successful inhibition, unsuccessful retrieval: Manipulating time and success during retrieval practice. Memory 18 (2): 99-114.
- ↑ Storm, B.C., White, H.A. (2010). ADHD and retrieval-induced forgetting: Evidence for a deficit in the inhibitory control of memory.. Memory 18 (3): 265-271.
- ↑ Groome, D., Sterkaj, F. (2010). Retrieval-induced forgetting and clinical depression. Cognition & Emotion 24 (1): 63-70.
- ↑ Soriano, M.F., Jiménez, J.F., Román, P., & Bajo, M.T. (2009). Inhibitory processes in memory are impaired in schizophrenia: Evidence from retrieval induced forgetting. British Journal of Psychology 100: 661-673.
- ↑ Rajaram, S. (2011). Collaboration Both Hurts and Helps Memory. Current Directions in Psychological Science 20: 76-81.
- ↑ Coman, A., Manier, D., & Hirst, W. (2009). Forgetting the Unforgettable Through Conversation: Socially Shared Retrieval-Induced Forgetting of September 11 Memories. Psychological Science 20: 627-633.
- ↑ Mensink, G., G., Raaijmakers, J.G.W. (1988). model for interference and forgetting. Psychological Review 95 (4): 434-455.
- ↑ Malmberg, K. J.,, Shiffrin, R.M. (2005). The ''one-shot'' hypothesis for context storage.. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition 31: 322-336.
- ↑ Verde, M. F.,, Perfect, T.J. (2011). Retrieval-induced forgetting in recognition is absent under time pressure. Psychonomic Bulleting & Review 18: 1166-1171.
- ↑ Storm, B.C., Levy, B.J. (2012). A progress report on the inhibitory account of retrieval-induced forgetting.. Memory & Cognition 40: 827-843.
- ↑ Bäuml, K., Zellner, M., & Vilimek, R. (2005). When remembering causes forgetting: Retrieval-induced forgetting as recovery failure.. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 31 (6): 1221-1234.
- ↑ 38.0 38.1 Anderson, Michael C.; Levy, Benjamin J. (2007). "Theoretical issues in inhibition: Insights from research on human memory." Gorfein, David S. & MacLeod, Colin M. Inhibition in cognition, 81-102, Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
- ↑ M. MacLeod, Colin; Michael D. Dodd, Erin D. Sheard, Daryl E. Wilson, and Uri Bibi (2003). "In opposition to inhibition" B. H. Ross The Psychology of Learning and Motivation.
- ↑ Dodd, M.D., Castel, A.D, & Roberts, K.E. (2006). A strategy disruption component to retrieval-induced forgetting. Memory & Cognition 34 (1): 102-11.
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