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Template:Multiple OS Installation
Multiple OS Installation
These instructions are for installing more than two operating systems on your hard drive. If you only need two operating systems (such as a Windows installation and a (K)ubuntu Linux installation), it is easiest to just use the (K)ubuntu installer to do it for you (as detailed on the main page).
Warning: As of version 9.10 (Karmic Koala), the (K)Ubuntu Desktop edition LiveCD installer uses Grub2 (which is difficult to customize) and does not allow the specific steps needed in this tutorial. DO NOT USE the Karmic Koala Desktop edition LiveCD for installation if you have a dedicated boot partition, use more than 2 operating systems, or chainload bootloaders. The (K)ubuntu Desktop edition LiveCD installer will overwrite your Master Boot Record and you will then be forced to re-create it later. This is a flaw in the LiveCD installer of Karmic Koala. Install the Alternate CD edition instead, or even the Ubuntu Server edition (and then add the ubuntu-desktop afterwards).
Warning: During installation of 10.04 (Lucid Lynx) and later, there is an advanced option (Ready to install -> Summary -> Advanced) to choose whether to install the GRUB2 bootloader into both the partition into which the (K)Ubuntu OS is installed as well as the Master Boot Record MBR) or just to install it into the partition into which the (K)Ubuntu OS is installed (only). If your system uses a boot partition, uses multiple OS (more than 2), or chainloads bootloaders then pay careful attention during this step. For systems with boot partitions that have already been configured (and to which the Master Boot Record already refers to as the partition which contains the initial bootloader), it is best not to overwrite the MBR during any OS installation.
- Example, from the Desktop version GUI installer, a point in the installation will be reached:
- Ready to install -> Summary -> Advanced -> Device for boot loader installation: /dev/sda6
In this example, this setting will cause the GRUB2 bootloader to be installed into /dev/sda6 only (the partition into which the new (K)Ubuntu OS is being installed). The MBR (Master Boot Record) will not be changed. However, if the default setting of /dev/sda were to be chosen, GRUB2 would not only be installed into partition /dev/sda6 (into which the (K)Ubuntu OS is installed) but also the MBR (designated as /dev/sda) would be changed. The copy of GRUB2 stored in /dev/sda6 wwould then be designated by the MBR as the master bootloader for all Operating Systems on the entire computer. This is undesirable if you wish to use a master bootloader (such as Grub Legacy stored in the boot partition) instead of GRUB2.
- If your computer, device, or hardware uses UEFI instead of a BIOS bootup system, then also see this page.
- If your computer, device, or hardware uses Coreboot instead of a BIOS bootup system, then also see this page.
The method described here involves creating a small boot partition in which to store a set of Grub bootloader configuration files. (These files will be created during the first Ubuntu Linux OS installation and then copied to the boot partition where they can subsequently be edited.) The initial Grub menu will always be kept in this small boot partition. Each operating system will then keep its own set of bootloader configuration files within its own partition. The Grub menu residing in the boot partition will be only be used to chainload the specific bootloader files stored in the partition of whichever operating system is chosen from the menu (no matter whether the chosen operating system is a Windows, Mac, (K)ubuntu, or other Linux operating system).
Each operating system can therefore use the bootloader/configuration file that is peculiar to it, storing it in its own partition. If the kernel, filesystem, or even the bootloader files for that operating system changes (within its own partition) for any reason, it will not affect the kernel, filesystem, or bootloader files of the operating systems stored in the other partitions. It will also not affect the primary bootup menu (stored in the boot partition), and each operating system will be able keep its own independent bootup process intact.
This avoids a common problem with many operating system installers (including Ubuntu) which attempt to impose a single bootloader on all the operating systems residing on a hard drive. The installer overwrites the Master Boot Record so that it only points to the bootloader installed with that operating system (within that operating system's partition). When this happens, the bootloader files can only be edited while running that particular operating system and cannot be adjusted by any other operating system. Further, after this happens several times (following multiple OS installations), it eventually becomes difficult to remember which partition has the bootloader configuration files that the Master Boot Record points to. With the chainloading method, you don't have to worry about that, any longer. The Master Boot Record will be set to point to the bootloader configuration files stored in the boot partition at all times. Once this is set up, the Master Boot Record need never be changed.
Here is some info about this method:
- Installing Multiple Linux Distributions on a Single Box
- Creating your Grub Partition
- How to make a Grub partition
- Ubuntu forums
- Ubuntu forums
Using Grub Legacy for the boot partition
This method uses Grub Legacy as the bootloader to be installed to the boot partition (because it is the easiest to customize). Starting with Karmic Koala 9.10, however, Ubuntu/Kubuntu uses Grub 2 (instead of Grub Legacy) by default.
- An easy and fast method is to use an Ubuntu Server edition 9.04 LiveCD (which uses Grub Legacy) to install the first instance of Ubuntu Linux (and Grub Legacy). Use the minimal install (i.e. don't install any extra packages), in the interest of speed. Proceed with the installation instructions that install Grub to the Master Boot Record, as well as installing a second copy of Grub Legacy to the local partition. Then copy the Grub Legacy settings to the boot partition as described. Edit the Grub Legacy menu settings stored in the boot partition so that chainloading to each planned partition is enabled.
- Once this is finished, re-install a newer version of Ubuntu/Kubuntu to the same partition (overwriting the 9.04 server version). However, this time do not allow the new installation process to overwrite the Master Boot Record. (We want the Master Boot Record always to use Grub Legacy, not Grub2.) Install Grub2 (this time) to the local partition only. This method is described in further detail below.
- A second method involves installing (K)Ubuntu completely (using the LiveCD installer), then removing Grub2 from the (K)Ubuntu partition. Grub Legacy is then temporarily installed in its place and copied to the boot partition. The Master Boot Record is set to refer to this copy of Grub Legacy stored in the boot partition. After this has been done, Grub Legacy is then removed from the (K)Ubuntu installation (but left in place in the boot partition) and Grub2 re-installed in the (K)Ubuntu partition's /boot directory once again. This method is described in further detail here.
- Now the Master Boot Record will always use Grub Legacy (stored in the boot partition) merely as a chainloader to each subsequent partition, where that chosen partition's particular bootloader will be run directly from within the partition (no matter if it is a Windows partition's bootloader, a (K)Ubuntu partition's bootloader (e.g. Grub2), or a Mac partition's bootloader).
Partition design
Three primary partitions and one extended partition are allowed on your hard drive. The extended partition can be divided into a very large number of logical partitions. Each Windows installation will need to be installed on a primary partition. All the Linux (including Ubuntu/Kubuntu) installations, though, can (and should) exist in logical partitions, so you can have as many as you want. The swap partition, also, can (and should) live on a logical partition.
The easiest way to do this is to use the GParted Live CD as a partition manager, or using the GParted application directly from the Ubuntu LiveCD (Menu -> System -> Administration -> GParted) or KDE Partition Manager from newer versions of the Kubuntu LiveCD.
- At the minimum you will need:
- one primary partition for each Windows OS
- an extra small primary partition (which can be resized later, in case is needed). If a Windows boot partition exists as a second NTFS partition, it should be left alone. If there is a Windows recovery partition also installed, it can also be left alone as long as there are only two NTFS partitions total on the hard drive (i.e. there is no NTFS boot partition as well). If there are a total of 3 NTFS partitions on the hard drive, then the third Windows NTFS partition (the recovery partition) should be removed after creating Recovery CDs from it (see here).
- one primary partition for the small boot partition (for storing a set of GRUB files)
- an extended partition for the Linux OSs (should be the last partition on the hard drive)
- In general I make:
- my Windows partition 20 - 30 Gb -- filesystem type NTFS (or can even be FAT32) and with the boot flag checked
- my "extra" partition 2 Gb -- which I tend to format as filesystem FAT32 (but can be anything, including ext3). If this is a Windows boot (or recovery) partition, it can be left unchanged.
- my Grub partition 50 - 100 Mb -- formatted to filesystem type ext3
- the extended partition is the remainder
- At the end of the hard drive I usually leave a few Gb of free space (to allow for extra logical partition needs that I have not foreseen). This can't be done unless the extended partition is the last partition.
- I then divide the extended partition into logical partitions:
- a /swap logical partition that is 2 Gb -- filesystem type linux-swap
- a logical partition for the / (root) folder of each planned OS (at least 10 Gb each, but 20-50 Gb is better) -- formatted as ext3 (or ext4 if you are planning to use a newer Linux OS)
- optionally, a logical partition for each specific use, such as for a groupware partition (like Kolab, for example). I make this about 20 Gb and format it as ext3, since most specific uses (like Kolab) will be comfortable with ext3. Another example is creating a partition for the /home directory.
Note: If you are re-arranging (re-partitioning and re-formatting) your hard drive after already having a Grub bootloader installed, you will not be able to boot into Windows (or anything else) until you re-install Grub as part of a Linux OS re-installation. Panic not. Just proceed in a calm and orderly fashion.
Windows partitions
It is easiest if your Windows partition is the first one installed. This is because the Windows bootloader looks for Windows in the first partition. Also, Windows installers are unpredictable and can overwrite anything that is already installed on the hard drive.
If you have a brand new computer with no OS pre-installed, partitioning and OS installation is much easier. Create all your partitions before installing Windows. Make the first partition NTFS (or the less secure FAT32, if you wish), intending it for the Windows installation. Then divide the remainder of the hard drive (using GParted) using the partitioning scheme outlined above.
Generally, a retail "boxed" version of Windows (instead of an OEM or "backup" copy) installs quite happily to the first pre-configured, pre-sized partition. Go ahead and install it there, then skip on ahead to installing the Linux OSs.
However, OEM and "backup" copies of Windows often have installation peculiarities (including pre-configured spamware, spyware, and specific hardware configurations) that will want to use the entire hard drive. Oh well, if you must, you must.
After doing so, you will then have to shrink the partition down to approximately 20-30 Gb (or your desired size).
Changing Windows partition sizes
Using Shrink Volume on Vista and Windows 7
Make sure you heed the warnings that you should change the size of Windows Vista and Windows 7 partitions from within Windows only (using Settings -> Control Panel -> Administrative Tools -> Computer Management -> Storage -> Disk Management -> Shrink Volume), or using specific Windows tools made exclusively for this purpose.
Unlike Windows XP (and earlier Windows versions), Vista and Windows 7 does not allow you to move the MFT (Master File Table) that controls the NTFS file structure. Inexplicably, Microsoft locates this near the middle (or end) of the partition, somewhat limiting the ability to resize (shrink) the partition completely. You will be able to gain some hard drive from the "Shrink Volume" command (under Settings -> Control Panel -> Administrative Tools -> Computer Management -> Storage -> Disk Management), but not all of of the hard drive. I knew of no partition software that could move the MFT to a different place on the hard drive safely, but this tutorial suggested that Perfect Disk worked for this purpose. I therefore tried the trial version of Perfect Disk, and it seemed to work for me very nicely. I was able to shrink my Vista partition, using the steps in the tutorial (and Perfect Disk), from 300 Gb to 74 Gb. This was perfect for me.
You must then reboot those Windows OSs (once or twice) to allow them to adjust themselves to the partition size change (before using GParted for any other tasks). I have ruined several Windows installations by using GParted to resize the partitions for Windows Vista and Windows 7, or by forgetting to reboot Windows prior to using GParted. During these reboots, the Windows bootloader stores information about the changed partition size in its configuration file. If it doesn't have the chance to do this, the Windows bootloader will no longer work properly, and you will not be able to boot Windows.
Reinstalling Vista or Windows 7 on a new partition
A popular way to regain a significant amount of your hard drive with Vista/Windows 7 is to first re-format and re-partition the hard drive, and then re-install Vista/Windows 7 afterwards. When this works, you can reinstall Vista/Windows 7 in as little as 30 Gb.
Using Windows Recovery Disks
For a Windows re-installation, you will either need a retail version of Windows or a "Recovery" disk provided by your OEM (computer) manufacturer. The "Recovery" disk must allow Windows re-installation to a partition of any size. (Some recovery disks only allow re-installation to the entire hard drive).
My eMachines, Dell, and Toshiba Recovery disks, for example, allowed re-installation to any size partition, but my HP Recovery Disks did not. The HP Recovery Disk erased the entire hard drive (and all the data on it) and re-created a single Windows partition. All partitions (and the data in them) were destroyed in the process. (I therefore do not recommend using HP Recovery disks for this method. For HP computers with a Recovery Disk, use the shrink volume method outlined above, instead).
Physical Recovery Disks are not always shipped with a new computer. For example, my eMachines box instead provided a utility (eMachines -> eMachines Recovery Management) to create (burn) a pair of Recovery DVDs using data stored on an image in a recovery partition. If your OEM manufacturer gives you a similar option of burning Recovery disks (instead of supplying Recovery CD/DVDs with your computer), make sure you burn these disks prior to reformatting/repartitioning your hard drive. If your hard drive becomes corrupted during the re-partitioning process and you haven't created Recovery Disks, it will be too late.
Once the Recovery Disks are burned, it is no longer necessary to keep the recovery partition (and Windows can be re-installed without it).
As outlined in my partitioning scheme, I reserved the first primary partition for Windows. This can either be left as free space at the beginning of the drive (to be formatted as NTFS by the Windows installer later), or it can be formatted (by GParted, for example) as an NTFS partition with the boot flag set. I left 60 Gb for this first primary partition area (although 40 Gb is probably more than enough, since my Vista re-install occupied only 22 Gb). The Windows Recovery disk was able to re-install Windows no matter which method I used. Since this was really a "new" install, I didn't have to worry about the MFT table location problem, which was placed by the Windows installer within the new partition without any difficulty.
Obviously, to completely re-install an operating system if you have been using your computer a long time would entail an awful lot of work. You would have to back up all your data files first, re-install all your programs after re-installing the operating system, and then restore the data files you had backed up. I wouldn't want to do this on anything but a new computer.
Windows XP (or earlier)
You can use GParted to resize a Windows XP partition directly (without needing re-installation), but it is still best to reboot Windows XP twice after resizing its partition (before taking any other steps with GParted). Review this tutorial's section "Making Shrink Volume Work." Although Windows XP does not have a shrink volume utility, to resize the partition using GParted, these steps must be taken anyway. Specifically:
- Use the Disk Cleanup Wizard to remove unnecessary files.
- Uninstall "deadwood" programs and unneeded/unwanted Windows Components (using Control Panel -> Add/Remove programs).
- Disable System Restore (Control Panel -> System -> System Restore -> Turn off System Restore on all drives)
- Disable the page file (Control Panel -> System -> Advanced -> Performance:Settings -> Advanced -> Virtual memory:Change -> No paging file (ticked) -> Set)
- Disable debugging (Control Panel -> System -> Advanced -> Startup and Recovery:Settings -> Write debugging information: (none) )
- Disable Hibernation (Control panel -> Power Options -> Hibernate -> Enable hibernation (unticked) )
then reboot once (which will erase the C:\pagefile.sys file). Defragment the hard drive. Then log off Windows and start GParted. Now you will be able to shrink the XP partition.
- After resizing the NTFS Windows partition, quit GParted and log into Windows again. Chkdsk will be run automatically and the computer will reboot. Login to a user account in Windows. It will prompt you to reinstall new hardware (the resized partition). Accept. Now turn back on the services turned off in the steps listed above, in reverse order. To be safe, log off Windows and log in one extra time. Now you are finished resizing the Windows XP partition and can proceed to other disk manipulations with GParted (or other activities such as installing (K)Ubuntu).
Windows bootloaders
The Windows bootloader stores information about how big the partitions on the hard drive are. If you change a partition size, Windows checks the new partition size at the very next reboot (using either chkdsk in XP or a new utility in Vista/Windows 7). It then writes that info to its bootloader configuration file. If you start mucking around with other partitions before it has a chance to record the changes and reset itself accordingly, the Windows bootloader will not be able to read the partition table properly (and will then refuse to boot entirely).
Since Grub boots Windows merely by chainloading the Windows bootloader, if the Windows bootloader doesn't work (i.e. doesn't recognize its own changed partition), then you are sunk.
If you ignore these warnings, I almost guarantee you will fry your Windows partitioning scheme and be unable to boot up Windows.
Install your first Linux OS
- Read Using Grub Legacy for the boot partition to see why I recommend using Ubuntu Server edition 9.04 for this step.
- Reboot into the Ubuntu 9.04 LiveCD (in my example I use the Ubuntu 9.04 Server edition 9.04 (Jaunty) LiveCD).
- Install Ubuntu server -> (the usual pleasantries about language and mice and keyboards and stuff)
-> "Starting up the partitioner" -> Partition Disks: Manual
- When you see the list of partitions, you will have to configure them manually.
- You should note the small (50-100 Mb) boot partition that was previously created for use as the partition for the Grub chainloader files. In my example it is /dev/sda3. Make a note of what yours is named.
- Configure the swap partition.
- This shouldn't need configuring if you set it up properly with GParted.
- You can make sure that Use as: swap area is set.
- Configure the root partition for the OS. Choose one of your logical partitions, which in my scheme is #6, is ext3, and has about 30 Gb.
- Use as: Ext3 journaling file system.
- Format the partition: Yes, format it
- Mount point: / - the root file system
- Bootable flag: off
- Note: You should write down which device this / (root) partition is on. You will need this information later for Grub settings. On mine, it is /dev/sda6.
-> Finish partitioning and write changes to disk -> "Installing the base system" -> ... ->
->"Install the Grub boot loader to the master boot record?": YES -> Continue
- In this step, Grub must be installed both on the MBR (master boot record) as well as locally on the partition being installed (in this example /dev/sda6). The local version will be chainloaded by the MBR version. Therefore, install Grub a second time:
-> Go Back -> Install the Grub boot loader on a hard disk -> "Install the Grub boot loader to the master boot record?": NO -> Device for boot loader installation: /dev/sda6 -> Continue
Copy boot files to the small Grub partition
- Boot into your newly-installed Ubuntu 9.04 OS. Open a command-line terminal (if you have installed a desktop).
- Make a new directory and mount it in your new Ubuntu OS.
sudo mkdir /media/GRUBpartition sudo mount /dev/sda3 -t ext3 /media/GRUBpartition sudo mkdir /media/GRUBpartition/boot sudo mkdir /media/GRUBpartition/boot/grub
- Note: Use whatever the device name of your small Grub partition is (mine is /dev/sda3)
- Make sure there are full read/write write permissions (this step may be optional).
sudo chmod 777 /media/GRUBpartition/boot/grub
- Copy all your grub files to the new partition
sudo cp -r /boot/grub/* /media/GRUBpartition/boot/grub
- Edit the menu.lst
sudo nano /media/GRUBpartition/boot/grub/menu.lst
- Place a chainloader entry as the first entry:
## ## End Default Options ## title First (K)ubuntu OS (chainloader) rootnoverify (hd0,5) chainloader +1
title Second (K)ubuntu OS (chainloader) rootnoverify (hd0,6) chainloader +1
This assumes your first installed OS has its / (root) directory in /dev/hda6 (as in my example above). Grub Legacy counts the first partition as 0, so sda6 becomes (hd0,5), or hard drive 1 (it starts counting at zero), partition 6). If you want to chainload a bootloader on a second hard drive, partition 4 (/dev/sdb4), you would specify (hd1,3), instead, for example.
(I also put it an entry for my second planned OS, even though I haven't installed it yet. That will save me time later. For more examples, see this section.)
- Return the permissions so that only root can change or execute the files:
sudo chmod 744 /media/GRUBpartition/boot/grub sudo chmod 744 /media/GRUBpartition/boot/grub/*
Reinstall Grub to MBR
Now that the files are copied, we need to tell Grub Legacy to look for them there. Do this step from your Ubuntu 9.04 OS command-line terminal.
- Start Grub Legacy:
sudo grub grub> find /boot/grub/stage1
You should see the places there are grub configuration files.
(hd0,2) (hd0,5)
Note that (hd0,2) corresponds to the small Grub partition (/dev/sda3), according to the counting method outline above. (hd0,5) corresponds to your first Linux OS (in the example /dev/sda6).
- Make the small Grub partition the loadable Grub location.
grub> root (hd0,2) grub> setup (hd0) grub> quit
Install your second Linux OS
Again I'm going to use (K)ubuntu for the example, although any OS can now be installed.
- Reboot into an Ubuntu LiveCD (I recommend a Server or Alternate edition, because some Desktop editions overwrite the Master Boot Record automatically, which is not at all desirable at this stage).
- Install Ubuntu server -> (the usual pleasantries about language and mice and keyboards and stuff)
--> "Starting up the partitioner" -> Partition Disks: Manual
- When you see the list of partitions, you will have to configure them manually.
- Configure the swap partition.
- This shouldn't need configuring if you set it up properly with GParted.
- You can make sure that Use as: swap area is set.
- Configure the root partition for the OS. Choose one of your logical partitions, which in my scheme is #7, is ext4, and has about 30 Gb.
- Use as: Ext4 journaling file system.
- Format the partition: Yes, format it
- Mount point: / - the root file system
- Bootable flag: off
- Note: You should write down which device the / (root) partition is on. You will need this information later for Grub settings. On mine, it is /dev/sda7.
-> Finish partitioning and write changes to disk. (It is OK to format the swap and / (root) partitions.) -> "Installing the base system" -> ... ->
- "Installing Grub boot loader" ->
- "Install the Grub boot loader to the master boot record?": NO
- "Install the Grub boot loader on a hard disk": /dev/sda7
- Use whichever device that corresponds to your / (root) directory for this OS, of course.
- This ensures that the Grub bootloader is installed to this OS's partition, as well.
- Finish installation and reboot. This system ought to be selected as the Second Ubuntu OS, obviously.
- Note: Once you have booted into this OS, you can now edit the chainloaded GRUB bootloader's local settings for this OS (at /boot/grub/menu.lst or /etc/default/grub) as usual, as you can for the first installed OS as well.
Changing main Grub boot menu settings
- You can edit the local (chainloaded) Grub boot menu for each Linux OS that uses Grub Legacy (within the partition in which it is installed), if desired:
sudo nano /boot/grub/menu.lst
- (kate can be used instead of nano as the text editor in Kubuntu, or gedit instead of nano in Ubuntu.)
- You can edit the local (chainloaded) Grub boot menu for each Linux OS that uses Grub2 (within the partition in which it is installed), if desired (see these instructions):
sudo nano /etc/default/grub sudo grub-mkconfig --output=/boot/grub/grub.cfg
- To change the main Grub boot menu, you will have to change the menu.lst found on the small Grub boot partition.
- If you are doing this from a Linux OS other than the first one you installed, again make a new directory for mounting:
sudo mkdir /media/GRUBpartition
- Mount the directory
sudo mount /dev/sda3 -t ext3 /media/GRUBpartition
- Note: Use whatever the device name of your small Grub partition is (mine is /dev/sda3)
- Make sure there are full read/write write permissions (optional).
sudo chmod 777 /media/GRUBpartition/boot/grub/menu.lst
- Edit the menu.lst
sudo nano /media/GRUBpartition/boot/grub/menu.lst
- Edit or add new chainloader entries:
## ## End Default Options ## title First (K)ubuntu OS (chainloader) rootnoverify (hd0,5) chainloader +1
title Second (K)ubuntu OS (chainloader) rootnoverify (hd0,6) chainloader +1
title Newest Whizbang OS on second hard drive, partition 4 (chainloader) rootnoverify (hd1, 3) chainloader +1
- Grub starts counting from 0, so the first hard drive is number 0 and the first partition is also number 0. sda6 (which is hard drive 1, partition 6) becomes (hd0,5). If you want to chainload a bootloader on a second hard drive, partition 4 (/dev/sdb4), you would specify (hd1,3).
- For (K)Ubuntu 10.04 or later, the menu item for chainloading should be (if the OS is in /dev/sda7):
title Second (K)ubuntu OS (chainloader) rootnoverify (hd0,6) kernel /boot/grub/core.img
- Return the permissions so that only root can change or execute the files (optional):
sudo chmod 744 /media/GRUBpartition/boot/grub/menu.lst
Using UUIDs for the main Grub bootloader menu
Although newer bootloader configurations specify partitions using their UUID designation (instead of using the (hd0,x) designation), this is problematic for the primary Grub bootloader. In current OS installation paradigms, when an operating system is re-installed within a partition, the UUID of that partition is simultaneously changed by the installer. If the primary Grub bootloader were to reference a partition by its UUID instead of by its position on the drive, (i.e. (hd0,x)), the primary Grub bootloader would no longer be able to find the partition whenever a new operating system was installed within it (and its UUID simultaneously changed).
For this reason, the primary Grub bootloader in the /boot partition should always use the rootnoverify (hd0,x) (instead of UUIDs) nomenclature to identify partitions.
Add MacOSX entry
You can add a chainloader entry for a MAC OS that you might have installed on its own partition (installed with its own bootloader on the partition). Here's the entry for a MAC that is on partition /dev/sda9 (equivalent to (hd0,8):
title Mac OS X root (hd0,8) makeactive chainloader +1
Re-installing Grub Legacy after Windows upgrade or re-installation
Windows installations, re-installations, and upgrades rewrite the Master Boot Record so that it points to the Windows bootloader only (instead of to the copy of Grub in the boot partition). The Master Boot Record must therefore be re-written so that it will again point to the copy of Grub stored in your boot partition.
For this example, assume the boot partition is the /dev/sda3 partition (which is known as (hd0,2) to Grub Legacy).
You must use a version of a LiveCD that has Grub Legacy, i.e. Kubuntu/Ubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty) or earlier. Start the LiveCD and start a command-line terminal (Terminal in Ubuntu or Konsole in Kubuntu). From the command-line terminal start grub:
sudo grub
Then enter the commands to restore the Master Boot Record to point to the boot partition at /dev/sda3:
> root (hd0,2) > setup (hd0) > quit
Then reboot. Your previously created Grub bootup-menu options should again appear.
Other chainloader options
In Grub Legacy it is possible to specify the root of the partition to be chainloaded using a UUID instead of the hd(0,x) notation. If you do not know the UUID for the partition to be chainloaded, it can be discovered using:
sudo blkid
Replace the
root (hd0,6)
entry in the /boot/grub/menu.lst file (of the primary /boot partition)
uuid xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx
where xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx represents the actual UUID of the partition to be chainloaded.
- Example:
- Replace the lines (in the /boot/grub/menu.lst file)
root (hd0,9) chainloader +1
- with the lines
uuid xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx chainloader +1
This method works no matter which operating system is to be chainloaded. It will not work, however, for the operating system stored in (hd0,9) due to a quirk (see below).
Will it work for bootable devices (such as USB flashdrives) that have a UUID? I don't know -- I haven't tried it yet!
- This next method will only work when the operating system in the chainloaded partition uses Grub Legacy (and has a local /boot/grub/menu.lst stored within the partition):
- Replace the lines (in /boot/grub/menu.lst)
root (hd0,9) configfile /boot/grub/menu.lst
- with the lines
uuid xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx configfile /boot/grub/menu.lst
Chainloading Grub2 from Grub Legacy
- Grub2 is erratic. I no longer chainload it. Instead, it is possible to bypass Grub2 entirely and load an OS directly using Grub Legacy (stored in a boot partition, for example) using an entry in menu.lst of the format:
title Kubuntu Oneiric OS (chainloader) rootnoverify (hd0,6) kernel /vmlinuz root=/dev/sda7 ro initrd /initrd.img
- My old method for chainloading Grub2 (installed in this example in the /dev/sda7 partition) from Grub Legacy used an entry in the Grub Legacy configuration file (/boot/grub/menu.lst, stored in the standalone boot partition with the Grub Legacy files) with this format:
title (K)Ubuntu Oneiric OS (chainloader) rootnoverify (hd0,6) kernel /boot/grub/core.img
The (hd0,9) problem
Grub Legacy has a quirk -- it does not like to chainload (hd0,9) using the command chainloader +1. (Something about 9 + 1 = 10 requiring an extra digit, or something.)
Most people don't have more than 2 or 3 operating systems on their computer so it is usually not an issue. Here at Ubuntuguide, however, we chainload as many as 10 different OS on every machine (not including virtual machines).
If the operating system in a chainloaded partition happens to use Grub Legacy (and therefore uses /boot/grub/menu.lst locally), the alternative to
chainloader +1
is to use the command
configfile (hd0,9)/boot/grub/menu.lst
(This can be used for any partition in which the chainloaded operating system uses Grub Legacy, not just (hd0,9). It will not work, however, if the chainloaded operating system uses Grub2.)
This can alternatively be specified as
rootnoverify (hd0,9) /boot/grub/menu.lst
- It is also possible to chainload by specifying the UUID for the chainloaded partition (hd0,9):
uuid xxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxx /boot/grub/menu.lst
Of course, you must find out the UUID for (hd0,9) first:
sudo blkid
Protecting Grub Legacy from cracking
- See this section of the Grub Manual for important information on securing Grub Legacy.
Manipulating partitions on the hard drive
Most users that have multiple operating systems eventually choose to delete, resize, or re-arrange the partitions containing the operating systems. This can become an anxiety-producing task especially when it comes to ensuring subsequent bootup capabilities.
For techniques to accomplish this successfully (for systems that have been configured according to the guidelines above), see:


text:
GSA's 24/7 Federal Supply Service Provides Clothing, Equipment to Fight Forest Fires
September 11, 2000
Contact: Viki Reath
(202) 501-1231
WASHINGTON, D.C. -- "Smokey's helpers," as nine U.S. General Services Administration (GSA) workers in a Fort Worth, Tex., office have dubbed themselves, take orders around the clock, daily, for clothing and equipment for over 25,000 firefighters battling the worst U.S. forest fires in decades.
Smokey's helpers are among 30 GSA workers on call in offices and warehouses around the country to fill orders for the fire-resistant clothing, canteens, tools and other equipment in GSA's 320-item fire-fighting inventory. GSA has shipped equipment and supplies in support of more than 80 fires in six states, sometimes within hours. In fact, GSA has shipped $41.4M worth of fire-fighting supplies so far this year, the highest amount in its 51-year history.
"GSA's unsung heroes are supplying the armor and ammunition to the frontlines," Administrator Dave Barram said today. "We are proud of our women and men at GSA, who give freely to ensure that everything that leaves our warehouses will do the job."
Customers activate the GSA supply system when they send their orders to Fort Worth. Within minutes of receipt, Smokey's helpers check the orders for accuracy, then fax them to the Stockton, Calif., warehouse for shipment.
"Once Stockton gets the order, workers determine the weight and arrange transportation," said Donna Bennett, Commissioner of the GSA's Federal Supply Service. "If orders arrive after hours or on weekends, a telephone service contacts personnel to report to work. In most cases we fill orders within hours of receiving them."
Maintaining GSA's fire-supply business is a year-round operation.
"There is no precise timing for submission of emergency fire orders," Ms. Bennett said. "Therefore we have to be ready to process them 365 days a year. We're gratified that members of the firefighting community tell us, continually, that they appreciate GSA's expertise and dedication, which equip their firefighters to do their jobs."

subset: commoncrawl


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the Concession Program at firstname.lastname@example.com.
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A copy of the sign-in sheet from the mandatory on-site meeting is available by visiting this link:
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Gasparilla Island Administration Annual Attendance, including monthly breakdown, is available via the following link:
Last updated: May 08, 2013
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Contact Us


text:
FREDERIC HEMKEAffiliation:
Northern State University - Assistant Professor of Woodwinds and Jazz
Artist's BiographyFred Hemke is an assistant professor of music at Northern State University in Aberdeen, SD. Since his appointment in 2003, he has taught woodwind methods, orchestration and arranging, jazz history, jazz pedagogy, and applied lessons in the areas of saxophone, flute, oboe, and bassoon. He has led saxophone quartets, a woodwind quintet, a flute ensemble, a saxophone jazz ensemble, the jazz ensemble, a Dixieland combo, and a jazz combo. He was the Director of the South Dakota Jazz Festival from 2003 to 2007.
From 1993-2003, Mr. Hemke was an assistant professor and the Director of Jazz Performance Studies and saxophone at the University of Missouri-Columbia. At that institution, he directed several jazz ensembles, jazz combos, and saxophone quartets. He also taught applied saxophone, jazz improvisation courses, jazz pedagogy, and was the director of the annual jazz festival.
Nationally, he has adjudicated many music competitions, performed as a guest artist and clinician at several festivals, and played professionally in a variety of settings. He was on the faculty of the Red Lodge Music Festival in Red Lodge, MT, and also at the Rushmore National Music Camp in Keystone, SD. He has been featured as a soloist at the North American Saxophone Alliance and was the first call saxophonist for the Kansas City Symphony.
As an international artist, he was featured with the Amazonia Jazz Ensemble at The International Festival of Music of Para in Belem, Brazil. He premiered new music commissioned for him in Poland with the Wroclaw Philharmonic Orchestra and was a guest artist at the Athens International Jazz Festival with the Athens Big Band. He has taught as a visiting scholar in jazz at the Franz Liszt College of Music in Budapest Hungary and soloed at a jazz festival in that city. Mr. Hemke received his bachelor and master of music degrees from Northwestern University. He is a member of the National Honorary Music Society, Pi Kappa Lambda and several professional music organizations.


text: While pretending to pay for the $2500 of vodka that Lindsay Lohan and her friends consumed even though Lindsay says she doesn't drink at a nightclub even though Lindsay says she doesn't like clubs or going out at night any longer, her card was declined. According to The NY Post, she put up a mild fuss when her card was declined, but she knew it would be. I think most of the time you know if you have $2500 open on your card. This isn't like when you go to the grocery store and pray there is enough space on your card for the couple of boxes of Kraft and some Ramen that you are buying. When the card was declined, Lindsay's friends all had to pony up the money and Lindsay said she had no cash with her to help contribute. Shocker. Considering she only gets paid in cash, you know she has a ton if it sitting somewhere close to her. What is also interesting is that her play opens 5 weeks from today in London and Lindsay is partying in NYC. I really hope someone manages to record her in rehearsals. That would be great.


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Use the search at the top of this page. You will find a tutorial on how to install drivers. I promise
Please need some expert guidance. I have the LanReady (Senao) 802.11b NL-2511CD-Plus PCMCIA Prism2/2.5 card and am running BT4 from dvd. According to the support list i need to use the hostap driver found on: hostap.epitest.fi . I am running a Dell latitude d600 which from the compatibility list is compatible. I downloaded the driver hostap.tar. What do I do to install it/get my card to display. I hope I provided all info necessary Any and all help is well appreciated. Thank you all in advance.
Use the search at the top of this page. You will find a tutorial on how to install drivers. I promise
"If it's stupid but works, it's not stupid." - Murphy's Laws of combat, #2
You won't get far with BT4, the issue lies in the fact that with the advent of mac80211 wireless stack incorporated into kernel and drivers are being pushed to be more compatible for the stack, the whole thing has gone really messy.
The driver for your chipset is included already with backtrack however:
1) orinoco_cs, hermes_dld, etc which is a driver for slightly different chipset tries to handle your chipset. It will work however the timings are incorrect and it will cause the card to malfunction + may cause system instability at worst case scenario.
2) You will see more than one type of wireless interface listed. ethX + wlanX. ethX apart from your wired chipset(s) + other wireless cards that may use the same interface naming style (e.g. ipw2200, bcm43xx, zd1211rw, wl, etc) is actually the chipset using the hermes_cs driver.
You will also see wlanX which is technically supposed to be your chipset using the proper hostap_cs driver. Removing the hermes_cs driver will not work as the ethX will still appear and the timing even if you use wlanX interface appears to be incorrect. So this is an issue with the driver but more specifically pci:id reservation issue that makes modprobe load both drivers. Blacklisting hermes_cs will not work, I have tried and there's no success with it. The only way is to patch it directly from the source and recompile the driver(s).
3) I do not know and I doubt the driver is patched for injection, its an old driver that relies on ieee80211 stack thus an older kernel is usually favoured. If I were you I'd get backtrack2 as I believe it is the best working version for such legacy devices.


text:
Espresso Machine and Coffee Maker Accessories
Brewing great coffee or pulling that perfect shot of crema starts with a great machine, perfectly roasted beans and pure water, but - as with all great things - the devil's in the details. That's where accessories from Seattle Coffee Gear come in!
Need a cup to hold your cuppa? A tamper to pat down your grounds? Or maybe you just need the collection of canisters it'll take to store your growing caffeine obsession? We have everything you need to complement your style of coffee consumption, right down to the best in cleaning products for whatever machine or system you have.
Breville Crystal Clear KettleThe Breville Crystal Clear Kettle let's you keep an eye on things so you can see water simmer or come to a full boil. Clearly a winner, with sturdy German SCHOTT glass, a soft opening lid and easy grip handle. It is easy to turn "On" with the push of a button and there's an auto-shut off for safety. This clear kettle has a 7 cup capacity and 1800 watts of power for a faster boil. Easy to see, and very easy to clean. There is a removable filter screen at the pour spout if you feel moved to make tea in the kettle. Learn More$99.97
OXO Classic Tea KettleThis is a tall and imposing tea kettle that sits regally like a chess piece rook. The OXO Classic Tea Kettle has a 1.75 quart capacity and a very large handle to keep your hand safely away from the heat of the kettle and the stovetop. Both handle and lid lever feature OXO's renown silicone soft grip coating. A no-drip pour spout and a large opening for filling make this Classic Tea Kettle a real classic for the kitchen. Learn More$39.99
Bonavita 0.5L Dual Voltage Travel KettleParis to New Zealand and back again, the Bonavita Dual Voltage Travel Kettle is the perfect traveling companion! Working on either 120V or 220V, it's got your back for those jet lagged, must-have-coffee mornings. Just turn the switch on the bottom to select your voltage, plug it into the outlet (don't forget your adapter!) and prepare for a delicious cup of coffee or tea (or oatmeal, cocoa, noodles...the possibilities are endless!). With an auto-off for boil-dry protection, this little kettle will do everything but translate for you! Learn More$44.99
Bonavita 0.5L Mini Travel KettleHave Outlet? Will Travel! The Bonavita 0.5L Mini Travel Kettle brings boiling water right to your cup. Wherever you want to prepare tea, coffee, cocoa or even a bowl of oatmeal, the Mini kettle reaches hard boil in about four minutes flat. It holds up to a half liter of water and features an auto-off function for boil-dry protection. This little kettle is ready to rock and roll in your home, office, dorm, RV, or boat. Learn More$29.99
OXO On Clarity Cordless Glass Electric KettleA watched pot never boils? Maybe so, but a watched kettle certainly will! OXO's Clarity kettle makes watching water boil a recreational activity - try it, it really is meditative! - while bringing a sleek and modern design to the traditional kettle. One of our favorite parts is the stainless steel surface on the bottom, which helps keep the heat in while protecting your kitchen surfaces. What a hot (get it?) idea! Learn More
Regular Price: $89.99
Fellow Stagg Pour Over KettleFunctional form at its best, the Stagg Pour Over Kettle offers a bold take on the traditional and a sharp update for your kitchen arsenal. Starting with a sturdy 18/8 stainless steel, the Stagg's industrial-sourced design introduces an Erlenmeyer flask shape offset by a bottom-mounted goose-neck spout and a weighted grip with an integrated thumb rest. This focus on design gives you unbeatable control over water flow perfect for pour-over brewing. An integrated probe thermometer in the lid of the kettle makes sure you're at the right temp with a glance. Learn More$79.00
Hario Buono Coffee Drip Kettle - CopperTurn your morning coffee ritual into a work of art. The new copper clad exterior of the Hario Buono Coffee Drip Kettle hearkens back to your grandmother's copper-clad cookware and makes a bold statement in the modern age of stainless steel and glossy plastic. But its looks are more than skin deep, the kettle carries on Hario's quality design with an ergonomic handle in contrasting brass and a rich, mahogany-hued lid knob. The Buono's function is as beautiful as its form; delicate streams of water coalesce from the classic gooseneck spout in easily controlled portions for amazing pour over accuracy. Learn More$124.50
Breville Variable Temperature KettleWhen a precise temperature matters, the Breville Variable Temperature Kettle is ready to meet all of your water-boiling needs. This 1500-watt electric kettle has five programmed brewing temperatures intended to craft perfectly warmed green tea (175°F), white tea (185°F), oolong tea (195°F), French press (200°F) and regular boiling water (212°F). Learn More$129.97
Hario Buono Coffee Drip KettleHario took the classic pour over kettle and gave it a modern twist. Meet the Hario Buono Kettle in striking stainless steel. Designed for pour over enthusiasts and beyond, the long and narrow spout allows for accurate and precise pours. The end result? Incredible tasting coffee! Learn More$53.00
Bonavita 1L Electric Gooseneck Variable Temperature KettleWhen it comes to crafting the perfect pour over, finding the perfect water kettle is a must. The Bonavita Electric Gooseneck Variable Temperature Kettle boils water at your ideal temperature and pours it right from its curved spout. The special design gives more control of the water flow and direction. It features a one-liter capacity and has six pre-set temperatures so you can heat water in a matter of minutes--or set your own custom temperature from 140°F and up. Learn More
Regular Price: $104.99


text:
A cloudy cornea is a loss of transparency of the cornea.
Corneal opacification; Corneal edema
The cornea makes up the front wall of the eye. It is normally clear. It helps focus the light entering the eye.
Causes of cloudy cornea include:
Consult your health care provider. There is no appropriate home care.
Contact your health care provider if:
Note: It is appropriate to see an ophthalmologist for vision or eye problems. However, your primary health care provider may also be involved if a whole-body (systemic) disease is suspected.
Your doctor or nurse will examine your eyes and ask questions about your symptoms and medical history, such as:
Tests may include:
Abbott RL, Halfpenny CP, Zegans M, Elander TR. Acanthamoeba Keratits. In: Tasman W, Jaeger EA, eds. Duane's Ophthalmology. 2012 ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2012:vol 4;chap 18A.
Yanoff M, Cameron D. Diseases of the visual system. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Cecil Medicine. 24th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 431.
Sharma R, Brunette DD. Ophthalmology. In: Marx JA, ed. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2009:chap 69.
Newlin AC, Wadia H, Sugar J. Corneal and external eye manifestations of systemic disease. In: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ophthalmology. 3rd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby Elsevier; 2008:chap 4.25.


text:
Product part number: SAGN2-MP5DY
Product reference: 36748
Protect your Samsung Galaxy Note 2 and give it some extra style with this Navy and Yellow Masstige Color Edge Diary case with internal pockets.
"brilliant product"
Handmade from high quality leather
Zenus leather cases are renowned worldwide for their exquisite quality and workmanship. The Zenus Color Edge Diary is specifically designed for the Galaxy Note 2, with every case being carefully cut, assembled and stitched by hand to perfectly complement the aesthetic Samsung Galaxy Note 2.
Internal pockets have space for credit cards and cash
With the Zenus Color Edge Diary Series you can leave your wallet at home thanks to the three credit card slots and money pocket. This makes it the perfect case for when you're popping out to the shops, going out in the evening or even if you just prefer to travel light.
Rugged design and button fastening closure keeps your phone fully protected
Featuring a reinforced back cover which moulds perfectly to the contours of the Note 2, and a stylish but rugged leather finish; the Zenus Color Edge Samsung Galaxy Note 2 Diary Series Case is extremely resistant to scratches, drops and knocks. Furthermore, a button clasp closure ensures that the front cover of the case keeps your screen safe from damage.
Made for the Samsung Galaxy Note 2
Designed specifically for the Samsung Galaxy Note 2, this case offers a perfect fit for your device. It also features a cut-out for the camera, and an open base so you don't need to take the phone out of the case to charge or synchronise it. All buttons are also still accessible when the phone is in the case.
Cell phone accessories


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The Second Chance Act of 2007 (Public Law 110-199) authorizes awarding federal grants to government agencies and nonprofit organizations to provide employment assistance, substance abuse treatment, housing, family programming, mentoring, victim support and other services to individuals returning to the community from prison or jail.[1] The goals of the Second Chance Act are to increase reentry programming and improve outcomes for offenders returning to their families and communities.
The Second Chance Act directs NIJ to evaluate the effectiveness of offender reentry demonstration projects funded by the Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA). Since fiscal year 2010, NIJ has awarded approximately $15 million in Second Chance Act funds for reentry-related research. See the table "Ongoing NIJ Evaluations of Second Chance Act Projects" for more information on NIJ-funded Second Chance Act grants.
Next section: Research on Reentry and Employment.
[1] Learn more about the Second Chance Act:


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Results 1 to 2 of 2
Thread: Birth Control
15th August 2013 10:06 PM #1
- Join Date
- Aug 2013
- Posts
- 5
Birth Control
I have been on birth control for several years. After I had our twin boys, I got my tubes tide. My doctor told me that I my hormons will be off because my body is used to birth control.
It has been 4 months now since I had the boys, and I feel that I am as emotional and moody as I was when I was pregnant. Sometimes I get really down and not sure if its post partum or if its normal to feel this way. My husband and I have been having a hard time lately. He said its hard to deal with my emotions. I am just wondering what I can do to feel better. Some days I feel fine and then others not so fine
16th August 2013 07:43 AM #2
- Join Date
- Jan 2012
- Posts
- 1,936
Hi Jessica,
There are so many things that can affect a new mum's emotions the first few months after giving birth, and sadly, if you don't have a husband who is very supportive and understanding, it can be even harder.
There are a few things you can do to help yourself with your emotions and to also help with balancing hormones. I'll list them and then explain in more detail the actions you can take to accomplish each item.
1. Get plenty of rest
2. Eat a very healthy diet, full of fruits and vegetables.
3. Get plenty of sunlight or Vitamin D3
4. Take supplements/vitamins that balance hormones.
5. Drink plenty of pure water each day.
6. Have 2-3 good bowel movements every day to help relieve the body of old hormones and toxins.
7. Get some exercise every day
8. Set aside alone time for just you and your husband
I recognize that at first sight, some of these things may seem nearly impossible, given the fact that you are caring for twin 4 month olds and a 5 year old (let alone, dealing with hormonal imbalances). So I will attempt to give you some suggestions on easiest ways to accomplish it all.
1. Get plenty of rest
One of the easiest ways to get extra rest is to rest when the babies are sleeping. I know this can be tough when you have one that is sleeping and one that is awake, but do what you can to have everyone settled and quiet so you can get at least 20 minutes of sleep. Even a 20 minute power nap can make a huge difference in how you feel (and cope). Be sure you have battery operated swings (or ones that plugs in) so that you can place babies in swings while you rest.
Here's a site that explains about the 5 "S's" that calm fussy babies. Lots of short videos there with demonstrations of babies being settled quickly.
As for the 5 year old, just let her have quiet time. A nap, or read books for an hour or two. Or just lay on the floor quietly while you nap on the couch or the bed. Make naps a priority during the day, and be sure you're always home from running errands by nap time. Afternoons should always be home time, so schedule doctor appointments, etc. in the mornings.
Take advantage of offers from friends and family who want to spend time with the babies, and try to get a nap while they come over to watch the children.
2. Eat a very healthy diet, full of fruits and vegetables.
One of the best ways to get enough nutrition in your diet is to make smoothies, especially green smoothies. Green smoothies are just smoothies that have dark green leafy vegetables added to them. You can't taste the greens very much when you have sweet fruits like bananas and pineapple in the smoothie. Children LOVE green smoothies - even babies.
Fully Raw Kristina has some amazing nutrient packed raw food recipes, but here is a really yummy green smoothie that she makes. The goal is to actually get at least one head of dark leafy greens (like spinach, kale, swiss chard, Romain Lettuce, etc.) into your body every day. This can be a challenge when you're trying to just eat salads. But if you blend them into a smoothie, or juice them with a juicer, then it's a lot easier, and the nutrients from the greens will give you energy and really help to balance hormones.
3. Get plenty of sunlight or Vitamin D
Ideally, you want to get 20 minutes of sunlight on your entire body every day. However, this is not practical, being that most of us don't lay out in the nude each day. But one way to get the Vitamin D you need is to actually take it in a vitamin D3 supplement. It's important to know your Vitamin D levels before starting to supplement because you can take too much. But most of us are actually deficient in this vitamin or are in the low normal levels (still an indication of deficiency). Your medical practitioner should be happy to order this test for you if you ask for it.
Here's a good blog post that discusses PTLS (Post Tubal Ligation Syndrome) - some things that cause it, and some nutrients you need to take to counter it. Are you on any medications or hormones, and if so, what are they for?
4. Take supplements/vitamins that balance hormones. We can talk about this more after I learn what you are currently taking. Also, working with a nutritionist or someone who has a lot of good nutrition background can be helpful.
5. Drink plenty of pure water each day. Investing in a water filter is important so you're taking stress off of your liver and kidneys, which are key components in hormone regulation. Even an inexpensive water filter is better than nothing at all. Most nutritionists recommend drinking twice your body weight in ounces. For example, if you weigh 140 pounds, you would drink 70 ounces of liquids (pure water, freshly squeezed juices, broths, etc.) per day. This is important with moving old hormones and toxins out of your body, balancing hormones, increasing frequency of bowel movements (avoiding constipation) and keeping your body as lubricated as possible (this includes vaginal lubrication which can be scarce after a tubal).
6. Have 2-3 good bowel movements every day to help relieve the body of old hormones and toxins.
Drinking enough water is important her, as mentioned above, but increasing your intake of raw fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds will also help. Liquid chlorophyll and Barley Grass have good nutrient value and will help to keep the bowels moving. Reduce/eliminate refined foods and foods that have sugar, white flour (including pasta), a lot of dairy and meat. A small amount of dairy and meat is fine, but when you're eating primarily dairy, meat and carbs like pasta, crackers, cookies, candy, etc. your body will become too acidic and then the bowels tend to become sluggish.
7. Get some exercise every day
This is important for bringing enough oxygen into your system. Oxygen is life giving and life sustaining and some of the ways we get enough is by laughing, blowing up balloons, dancing and exercising. In your situation I would encourage you to take a long walk with the babies and your 5 year old every day. If you want to take a faster walk, try to take the babies out while the 5 year old is in school or while she has some one on one time with daddy. But even if you can't walk very fast with the 5 year old, just getting out for a stroll is very helpful for emotional stability and overall health.
You can also find an exercise that you really enjoy doing. Do you like to go ice skating? Maybe your local ice rink has a "coffee hour" for adults one morning a week, and you could get a sitter to come to the house for a couple of hours while you ice skate. Think about what you enjoy doing and then create a plan to do it. Feel free to post back here for any suggestions on overcoming obstacles. We love to brainstorm.
8. Set aside alone time for just you and your husband
You may not feel very amorous right now, but making time for lovemaking with your husband is important to him. You may have to be creative. Wait until the 5 year old is down for the night, and then put the babies in the swing or try to get them to go down. Change into something that makes you feel sexy, spread a blanket on the living room floor (or hop in bed) and have a romantic evening together. There are even some fun games that you can purchase that make your intimate time with your husband more interesting for the two of you. I highly suggest staying away from pornography as it will actually destroy the intimacy between you and is highly addictive for men. But being creative in where and when you enjoy each other can spark passion in you and keep him satisfied while you are in this season of life.
You may, at some point, want to consider a tubal reversal, as I understand it can wreak havoc on the emotions. The link I posted above about PTLS talks more about this... and if you decide to go that direction, then we have lots of good information on Natural Birth Control that has been proven to work just as effectively as the Pill.
Please post back with any questions or further information. There are nutrients that can help with depression and help balance hormones. I just wanted to see what you're already taking before discussing those.
Warm Regards,
Last edited by 5Homebirths4Kate; 16th August 2013 at 07:46 AM.


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- Home
- Campus
- Registrar
- Class Schedules and Registration
- Summer 2013
Summer 2013
Your Toolbox
77 Mac Room 101
Fax: 651-696-6600
A few academic offerings are open to current Macalester students during the Summer break.
Independent Projects
You may register for an independent project or internship. To get started with an independent project, have a conversation with a faculty member you are interested in working with to see what might be possible.
Macalester students may earn credit for independent projects and/or internships completed during the summer months. Tuition for Summer 2013 will be $1,359 per credit, or $5,436 for a standard four credit Independent or Internship. Tuition arrangements must be completed at the Cashier's Office (77 Macalester) before you register. For information about federal and state financial aid options please contact the Financial Aid Office at ext. 6214. There is no special dependent or staff tuition rate in the summer. Tuition for study away programs will vary according to the program, and will include an administrative fee. Students wishing to receive credit for summer internships or independents must register and pay for them in summer. You may not earn credit by registering in other terms for internships worked during the summer months. Students must submit a signed parent/student waiver when they register for an independent, internship or study away program.
Students planning independent projects can find the required forms at the Forms link to the left. You may not pursue as an independent study a topic that is covered in a regular course. Students may register until the summer registration deadline, Friday, May 31st. Students who wish to receive more than four credits must include a rationale for the additional credit with the proposal. If the project is approved and additional credit granted, there will be an additional fee of $1,359 per credit over four credits. Students must complete a separate learning contract for each independent project, and may receive no more than eight credits in Summer 2013. For more information about summer independent projects, please contact the Registrar's Office.
You may earn credit for an internship worked during the summer months. You may not receive more than four credits for an internship. For more information about summer internships please contact the Internship Program at ext. 6128. Forms are available at the Forms link to the left.
Study Away
You may register for a summer study away program and receive credit through Macalester. For further information about study away programs and procedures, please contact the International Center at 651-696-6310.
Other Course Offerings
Summer Physics Institute with Sung Kyu Kim
This program offers a full-year of credit in an alegbra-based college physics course with labratory, suitable for pre-med requirements. More information is available on the Summer Physics Institute site.
Calculus: A Modeling Approach
June 17 - August 9, 2013
Application Deadline: April 15, 2013
with Chad Higdon-Topaz (Macalester) and Kristina Garrett (St. Olaf)
This summer, the Associated Colleges of the Midwest (ACM) will offer a pilot online course, Calculus: A Modeling Approach, open to students enrolled at any ACM college. The course is designed primarily for students in the natural sciences and social sciences – such as economics, environmental science, psychology, medicine, ecology, and chemistry – who wish to apply quantitative modeling tools in their discipline.
Enrollment in the course, which is designed to preserve the best features of a similar on-campus liberal arts college course, will be limited to a maximum of 20 students. Course activities will include pre-recorded lectures, online student forums, weekly videoconference tutorials with the instructors, homework assignments, and quizzes and exams. 4 Credits.
Visit the ACM site to apply. Additional information, including deadlines and costs, can be found in the left navigation menu of that site.


text: On 9/23/11 8:32 AM, Arthur Koziol wrote: > On 09/21/2011 9:32 AM, Arthur Koziol wrote: >> On 09/20/2011 1:39 PM, Ken Moore wrote: >>> On 09/20/11 14:20, Arthur Koziol wrote: >>> >>>> On 09/20/2011 1:18 PM, Julian Elischer wrote: >>>> >>>>> On 9/20/11 11:07 AM, Arthur Koziol wrote: >>>>> >>>>> >>>>>> On 09/19/2011 2:03 PM, Julian Elischer wrote: >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>>> On 9/19/11 10:39 AM, Arthur wrote: >>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>>> I did report it but I think it was working again in Beta1.5 >>>>>>>> x86. It >>>>>>>> was originally borked in Beta 1. I did not retry in Beta 2 yet on >>>>>>>> x86. >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>> fails on beta2 >>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>> Well, after my last message I again left the screen sitting at >>>>>> OpenGL >>>>>> Information and this time around when I moved the mouse, the >>>>>> monitor >>>>>> did wake from sleep but I was back at the login screen. So some >>>>>> time >>>>>> between the monitor going to sleep and just a few moments ago it >>>>>> took >>>>>> a dive. There's got to be a log or crash info for this event. >>>>>> Anyone >>>>>> able to point me to where it would be so I can up the info? >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>> no idea but for me it's *Instant*.. as soon as I click on it I get >>>>> logged out. >>>>> >>>>> >>>> Julian, >>>> >>>> What VGA adapter do you have? Also, if this is integrated, do you >>>> have >>>> the latest BIOS for your motherboard as sometimes HW makers (like >>>> Dell) update the VGA hardware BIOS as part of the motherboard BIOS >>>> update. >>>> >>>> Arthur >>>> >>>> ______________________________________________________________________ >>>> >>>> This email has been scanned by the MessageLabs Email Security System. >>>> For more information please visit http://www.messagelabs.com/email >>>> ______________________________________________________________________ >>>> >>>> _______________________________________________ >>>> Testing mailing list >>>> Testing at lists.pcbsd.org >>>> http://lists.pcbsd.org/mailman/listinfo/testing >>>> >>> If you could, run the following command and see if it works. >>> >>>> glxgears >>>> >>> It is just a quick test of the 3D acceleration for the video card. The >>> reason is that I have noticed that NVIDIA Settings -> OpenGL/GLX >>> information tab crashes if the 3D acceleration is not working. This >>> might be part of the issue, because if you upgraded from Beta1.5 to >>> Beta2 (as opposed to a fresh install of Beta2) we have noticed that >>> there is a problem with the nvidia driver enabling 3D acceleration >>> (this >>> has already been fixed for the next release BTW). >>> If this is the case, you might want to switch to the "nv" driver >>> instead >>> of the "nvidia" driver. It doesn't run nearly as fast and there are >>> occasional graphical issues, but at least the 3D acceleration works >>> and >>> prevents crashes like this. >>> >>> Also, restoring from sleep/suspend is new for FreeBSD 9.0 so there >>> might >>> still be some bugs in it, but I think that is unrelated to the first >>> issue here. >>> >> Ok, I have figured out the problem on my end with this issue. When I >> have a screen saver set (in my case, OpenGL> Solar Winds) and it runs >> and then the monitor goes to sleep, after it wakes, it must crash and >> kick the user out to the login screen. Last night I turned off the >> screen saver and just let the PC sit at desktop. I came in this morning >> and woke it via mouse and it was still at desktop. Now I am going to >> try >> the same being on the "OpenGL Information" screen to see what happens. >> >> Incidentally, Julian has an ATI card, not NVidia. and using the VESA driver > > Well, my experiment has proven that it must be related to OpenGL / > Mesa or *maybe* the Intel driver. I left the machine running overnight > on the OpenGL Information screen with no screen set active. Came in > morning and shook the mouse to wake the monitor and it was still at > the OpenGL Information screen. I am satisfied with my conclusions. well, that much is likely here too.. entering the OpenGL info page makes the session leader process or the Xserver crash.. though I can't say which.. probably the first.


text:
Results 1 to 6 of 6
5th July 2012 03:38 AM #1
- Join Date
- Jul 2012
- Posts
- 14
How will cancer affect pregnancy & giving birth.
Hi there! I'd like to share to all of you one of my concerns regarding pregnancy.
My grandmother, Dad's mother, died of breast cancer even before I was born. They say cancer cells are transferred from one generation to another. And some people even say that if the hereditary disease or illness does not appear on the generation that follows, it has a greater possibility that it will on the succeeding generations. And since nobody has acquired the disease yet as of the moment, I was thinking maybe it is possible someone in my generation or my kids will get it. Is it true?
And my follow-up question is, if you happen to get pregnant while you have cancer, will it affect your baby's physical characteristics and are there any risks of having miscarriage or complications?
6th July 2012 09:44 AM #2
- Join Date
- Jan 2012
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- 1,936
Hi Rhea,
My mother died of breast cancer when she was 48. I am 48 now and I do not have breast cancer...yet (though I'm not planning on getting it).
However, because of my mother's situation, I did a LOT of research on my risks, being that it can be hereditary, and here's what I found.
"Yes", some parents can actually pass down a gene that can now be tested for, to see if you carry that gene or not (the presence of the gene increases your odds of getting cancer).
However, the better thing for everyone to do is to avoid substances and situations that actually cause cancer.
First of all, we know that stress is the enemy of health. It pretty much trumps everything else that you may be doing for your body (i.e. eating organic foods, avoiding sugar, etc.). If you have stress, your body simply won't function well and most of us experience some decline in health, in one way or another. So practicing relaxation every day, laughing every day, deep breathing every day and making sure we get plenty of good quality sleep are all ways to reduce stress and increase our odds of avoiding cancer.
Another super important thing to do is to eat FRESH, organic foods as often as possible. Many people who eat an 80% raw food diet with lots of deep leafy greens, fresh fruits and vegetables, that are ORGANIC lead a very healthy life... some have even reversed their diseases, like cancer, by eating a highly raw food diet. If you're eating mostly cooked foods, you can reduce your risk of getting cancer by incorporating more raw foods into your diet. One of the best ways to do this is to start adding raw foods, rather than taking away what you are already eating. Start by eating a big green salad before lunch, then eat whatever you would normally eat for lunch. Same for dinner - eat a big green salad before dinner, than whatever you normally eat for dinner. Soon your will notice that your body wants more of the raw foods, and you will naturally reduce the cooked.
The reason we want to eat organic is because we need to reduce the pesticides and herbicides that the conventionally grown foods have. From the research I've done, it looks like every cancer cell that has ever been tested has had pesticide residues in them. Also most of us have pesticide residues in our urine, and if it's in our urine, it's in our body.
We not only come in contact with pesticides (poisons) through our food, but we also come in contact with them in the air and through our skin (if you're using pesticides in your home or garden). If you use "weed and feed" on your lawn to keep the weeds down, you're using pesticides. If you walk on that lawn barefoot, your skin is coming into contact with residues. The skin is the largest organ of the body and we absorb nutrients and poisons through our skin, so be careful what you put on your skin and what you touch.
Having said that, it's almost impossible to live without touching something made of plastic, yet plastics are hormone disrupters, which can cause a state of disease. So be sure you limit the plastics you use, and never heat food in plastic. Transfer the food or beverage from that styrofoam container to a glass or paper container before heating.
And another thing to be aware of is the off-gassing of the interior of a new car, tires, vinyl, etc. If you walk through an aisle at the store and it smells "funny", you can guess that there is probably some kind of chemical present that you need to avoid. If you walk into your car mechanic's building and it smells like rubber or tires, you'll want to try to limit your time in that area, because you'll be breathing in chemicals which can cause illness.
Any one of these things alone may not pose much of a problem, but when you're exposed to these things every day, they can all build up in the body and that's the time when cancer or other disease can happen. You'll want to be kind to your liver, because that's the organ that helps to eliminate toxins from the body. No alcohol, and limiting coffee (no coffee would be better) will help, as well as drinking dandelion tea to help support the liver.
I don't think that if you happen to get pregnant while you have cancer, that it will affect your baby. I've known a number of women who had cancer during their pregnancies, and they gave birth to healthy babies. The only increased risk of miscarriage may be if your body is trying to heal you, and it's also trying to support a pregnancy, and it simply can't handle the demands of both. Some cancers can be more of a threat to pregnancy than others (especially if there is cancer in any of the reproductive organs).
But I wouldn't be concerned about it. I would be very consiciencious of living a healthy lifestyle because that's what will keep you with good energy, a good, happy outlook on life, and a healthy body. If you know you could get pregnant again, or you're thinking of having another baby, it's important to start a preconception program to help avoid miscarriage and possible pregnancy problems.
Warm regards,
7th July 2012 11:17 PM #3
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- Jul 2012
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- 14
So we do have something in common then.
Yes, I agree with you that living a healthy life, most especially eating the right kind of foods, surely help us prevent or fight against all diseases and not just cancer. I am aware of some of the things you said about harmful substances. And in relation to breast cancer, I do BSE frequently to check for irregularities. Thanks for the helpful information and for the taking the time to share them to me.
9th July 2012 10:49 PM #4
Hi ladies,
I've just been reading your interesting thread.
Kate, I am so very sorry to hear your mother died at just 48 of breast cancer.
Thank you for sharing your research and experience with us - you have certainly encouraged me to make sure my family is eating plenty of raw foods.
With best wishes,
11th July 2012 02:01 PM #5
- Join Date
- Jan 2012
- Posts
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Hi Rhea,
And in relation to breast cancer, I do BSE frequently to check for irregularities.
15th July 2012 04:26 AM #6
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- Dec 2011
- Posts
- 532


text:
Ive got to switch gyms for a while, im not sure how long either. It could be 4 weeks, it could be 6 months or more!
The thing is my bjj coach has done a lot for me over the last year and i dont want to piss him off to be honest. If i change clubs/coach for a long time then im gonna want to compete so which club would i compete for? Im guessing the club im training with at the time? What about if i change back?
Like i said, this might sound stupid but ive got to change cos im out of work again and ive got no car


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Castellanos continues racking up hits
Dodgers prospect drives in three runs, raises average to .364
By Robert Emrich / Special to MLB.com | April 17, 2012 8:33 PM ET
The Dodgers' No. 13 prospect racked up three extra-base hits and drove in three runs Tuesday, helping the Triple-A Albuquerque Isotopes defeat the Iowa Cubs, 13-6.
"I was just seeing the lefties pretty good and trying to be as patient as I can and get a pitch to hit," Castellanos said.
Castellanos got off to a quick start, tripling with one out in the bottom of the first inning and scoring on Jerry Sands' single to spark the Isotopes' six-run outburst. After getting hit by a pitch in the third, he stole second and third, then scored on Josh Fields' sacrifice fly.
In the seventh, Castellanos doubled and raced home on a passed ball. He slugged a three-run homer in the eighth, capping his seventh multi-hit game of the year.
Acquired from the Cardinals last summer for shortstop Rafael Furcal, the 25-year-old infielder is off to a torrid start in his first exposure to Triple-A pitching. He's batting .364 and leads all Minor Leaguers with 13 extra-base hits. Castellanos also tops the Pacific Coast League with four triples and 14 runs scored in 13 games.
"The ball has been dropping for hits," the 2008 10th-round Draft pick said with a laugh. "I'm working each and every day to get better at-bats and be more patient at the plate."
After spending last season in the outfield, Castellanos was moved to second base by the Dodgers. The transition has gone well so far, with the Belmont Abbey College product committing two errors in 64 chances.
"In the beginning, it was tough, but now I'm getting used to it," he said. "I feel way more comfortable now than I did in the beginning. The throwing angle, knowing that you have a bunch of time, knowing that you have to think like a middle infielder and turning double plays have been the toughest parts."
Luis Cruz was 3-for-5 with three RBIs and two runs scored and finished a triple shy of the cycle for the Isotopes, who totaled a season-high 20 hits.
Cubs top prospect Anthony Rizzo had two hits and scored twice, while Brett Jackson -- ranked just behind Rizzo -- tripled and scored a run for Iowa.
Robert Emrich is a contributor to MLB.com. This story was not subject to the approval of the National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues or its clubs.View More


text:
Small as an Elephant
Reading Level: Grades 3 - 6
Jack and his mother go camping in Maine over Labor Day weekend, but when Jack wakes up on their first morning, his mother is gone, along with her tent and the car. Jack's mother has done this before, so he's worried... but knows she'll come back eventually. But the end of the weekend looms closer, and Jack's food money has long since run out.
Jack knows that if he tells anyone his mother has disappeared again, he'll be taken away from her, so he starts heading home, alone.
Small as an Elephant is a wonderful urban survival story about a boy who loves nothing more than his mother, and elephants.
Check availability of this book
More books by Jennifer Richard Jacobson
A few similar stories of kids in charge of themselves:
The Higher Power of Lucky by Susan Patron
Betti on the High Wire by Lisa Railsback
How to Steal a Dog by Barbara O'Connor
The Great Gilly Hopkins by Katherine Paterson
Afternoon of the Elves by Janet Taylor Lisle
One Square Inch by Claudia Mills


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*** 2014 NFL Mock Draft - 1 Round - Updated 1/10 ***
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Joined: 11 Dec 2010
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Posted: Tue Jan 01, 2013 5:40 pm
Post subject: *** 2014 NFL Mock Draft - 1 Round - Updated 1/10 ***
I'm sure everyone's tired of looking at 2013 mocks by now, so here's something different for you.
This mock is linked to my
2013 NFL Mock Draft
Round 1:
1. Jacksonville Jaguars - Jadeveon Clowney, DE
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Star Lotuleilei, DT/NT
Tebow at QB causes them to have the #1 overall pick. Luckily they can take Jadeveon Clowney and pair him with Lotuleilei to create one of the scariest defensive lines in the league.
2. Oakland Raiders - Teddy Bridgewater, QB
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Luke Joeckel, OT
If the Raiders are picking this high it means Carson Palmer/Terrell Pryor are not the answer at QB so they will need to take a new one. I think Bridgewater could be the first QB off the board in the 2014 draft.
3. Arizona Cardinals - Jake Matthews, OT
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Tyler Wilson, QB
The Cardinals should experience struggles with first year QB Tyler Wilson. They may look at a left tackle to protect him. Matthews could be the first OT off the board and a top 3 pick similar to Joeckel.
4. Cleveland Browns - Johnny Manziel, QB
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Barkevious Mingo, DE
Weeden could be out of the league in a couple of years. If the Browns are picking top 5 they will probably be looking at a QB.
5. New York Jets - Anthony Barr, DE/OLB
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Mike Glennon, QB
Rex Ryan will likely be gone if they finish in the top 10 again. But since they took Glennon in the first round in 2013, I think they give him at least one more year. Instead they may look for a defender like Barr.
6. Buffalo Bills - Cyrus Kouandjio, OT
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Ryan Nassib, QB
The Bills could look for a left tackle in the 2014 draft. Cordy Glenn can play other positions on the offensive line so if they could draft someone like Kouandjio they could potentially be upgrading two positions on the offensive line with one pick.
7. Philadelphia Eagles - Marqise Lee, WR
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Damontre Moore, DE
The Eagles could go a lot of directions here but I think they may look at a WR. Lee, Watkins and Coleman will battle to be the first WR taken. At this point Lee may have the lead, but I think it could possibly change by the time the 2014 draft arrives.
8. Kansas City Chiefs - Stephon Tuitt, DE/DT
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Geno Smith, QB
The Chiefs need to build their d-line around Dontari Poe. Tuitt should be a nice 3/4 DE and would compliment Poe well. He could go higher than this.
9. Tennessee Titans - Brandon Coleman, WR
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Chance Warmack, OG
The Titans might look at someone like Coleman to pair with Kenny Britt at the outside WR positions and slide Kendall Wright into the slot.
10. San Diego Chargers - Taylor Lewan, OT
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Dee Milliner, CB
I think Lewan made a mistake going back to school as he could have been the 2nd OT off the board in 2013. In 2014 he could be the 3rd or 4th. Either way he'll probably still go in the top of the first round barring an injury.
11. Tampa Bay Buccaneers - Aaron Murray, QB
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Jonathan Hankins, DT/NT
I may alone in this opinion but if we are picking this high again I think its because of Freeman. The Bucs may look at a QB in the 2014 draft and might be attracted to Aaron Murray who's from Tampa.
12. Miami Dolphins - Louis Nix III, DT
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Jarvis Jones, DE/OLB
The Dolphins could look for more defensive help in 2014. They could consider a DT like Nix.
13. Carolina Panthers - Sammy Watkins, WR
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Sheldon Richardson, DT
Steve Smith is near the end of his career and they may look for a WR to take over the WR1 position after he retires.
14. Detroit Lions - Bradley Roby, CB
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Bjoern Werner, DE
The Lions miss the playoffs again but make big improvements. One thing they are still lacking in is secondary so they may consider a CB in 2014.
15. St. Louis Rams
(From Washington)
- Austin Seferian-Jenkins, TE
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Jonathan Jenkins, DT
If RG3 has to miss a significant amount of time I think the Redskins suffer. Cousins is a decent QB but RG3 carries that team. Unfortunately for them the Rams have their pick. Having two first round picks allows them to address multiple positions. One position that could be upgraded is TE. Kendricks has been disappointing.
16. St. Louis Rams - De'Antony Thomas, RB
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Matt Elam, S
I don't think the Rams are going to take a huge step back I just think they play in a tough division and aren't ready to dethrone the 49ers or Seahawks yet. They could be at a position to take a luxury pick like Thomas. SJax is nearing the end of his career and they don't appear to be satisfied with any of their backup options in Richardson or Pead.
17. Dallas Cowboys - Anthony Johnson, DT
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Dion Jordan, DE
If the Cowboys are switching to a 4/3 they may need to add some pieces to complete it in 2014. Anthony Johnson could be a DT in their 43.
18. Chicago Bears - Antonio Richardson, OT
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Manti Te'o, LB
The Bears may take a step back without Lovie Smith. It's unclear how they will draft moving forward but they could be looking for an offensive tackle.
19. Minnesota Vikings - AJ Johnson, LB
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Cordarrelle Patterson, WR
It will be hard for the Vikings to repeat their success of this year on the legs of AP again. Ponder will have to show a lot of improvement next year for them to make the playoffs again. They could look to upgrade the defense in the 2014 draft.
20. Cincinnati Bengals - Jordan Matthews, WR
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Alec Ogletree, LB
The Bengals barely miss the playoffs. With the Steelers getting better the division gets harder and they just barely miss out. They may want to consider taking a WR to play opposite AJ Green if he starts seeing double teams all the time next year.
21. Houston Texans - CJ Mosley, LB
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Justin Hunter, WR
I don't think the Texans will get worse I just think the Colts will get better and force them into a wild card seed. If they draw an unlucky matchup they could get bounced out in the first round.
22. Baltimore Ravens - Adrian Hubbard, DE/OLB
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Kevin Minter, LB
The Ravens usually just take the BPA for them and that may be Hubbard. They love stocking up on rush linebackers.
23. Seattle Seahawks - Jeoffrey Pagan, DE/DT
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Terrance Williams, WR
The Seahawks are on fire right now but a lot can change in a year. I still think they are a playoff team but it takes a lot to be consistently good in the NFL. They could look to upgrade the defense in 2014.
24. Atlanta Falcons - Scott Crichton, DE
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Tyler Eifert, TE
I'm not sure what they need to do to get to the next level. They could look to improve their defense though. Teams are always looking to upgrade their pass rush.
25. Pittsburgh Steelers - Vinnie Sunseri, S
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Sam Montgomery, DE/OLB
A return to playoffs for the Steelers. They continue to upgrade their defense with this pick. Polamalu is getting up there in age and he's been injured in recent years. They may look for his eventual replacement here. Sunseri could learn from him and then take over.
26. New York Giants - Louchiez Purifoy, CB
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Eric Fisher, OT
The Giants get back to the playoffs. They could look of ra CB to pair with Amukamara. Also they usually just take the BPA.
27. Indianapolis Colts - Quandre Diggs, CB
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Keenan Allen, WR
The Colts could look to continue improving their defense in 2014. They could be looking for secondary help.
28. New Orleans Saints - Dion Bailey, LB
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Ezekiel Ansah, DE
Like the Steelers, the Saints return to normalcy, aka the playoffs. They could look to upgrade their defense in the 2014 draft wherever they can do that. That could be at linebacker, after they addressed the d-line in 2013.
29. San Francisco 49ers - David Yankey, OT
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Kenny Vaccaro, S
Kaepernick's first full year as the QB goes decent and they return back to the playoffs, but again don't make it far. It's unclear what their needs may be at this time. They could be looking to upgrade the offensive line.
30. Denver Broncos - Ryan Shazier, LB
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Johnthan Banks, CB
The Broncos needs are not clear at this time but they could look for defensive help.
31. Green Bay Packers - Timmy Jernigan, DE/DT
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Jonathan Cooper, OL
The Packers return to their standard dominance and make the Super Bowl again but lose to the Patriots. They could look for defensive upgrades. The Packers could look for a defensive line upgrade.
32. New England Patriots - Deshazor Everett, CB
2013 NFL Draft Pick: Barrett Jones, OL
The Patriots win the Super Bowl. They may take a defender to keep improving that defense since Brady has the offense under control. This pick will change depending on what happens with Talib. If he's gone CB is a need.
2014 NFL Mock Draft - Updated 12/30
Last edited by LeGarrettsBlunt on Thu Jan 10, 2013 2:26 pm; edited 4 times in total
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Joined: 17 Feb 2007
Posts: 720
Location: Austin, TX
Posted: Tue Jan 01, 2013 5:45 pm
Post subject:
SO... where is the texans pick
My Teams
NFL: Texans
NBA: Pistons
MLB: Tigers
NHL: Red Wings
NCAAB: Michigan
NCAAF: Michigan
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Posts: 931
Posted: Tue Jan 01, 2013 5:46 pm
Post subject:
canyon1 wrote:
SO... where is the texans pick
2014 NFL Mock Draft - Updated 12/30
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Posts: 720
Location: Austin, TX
Posted: Tue Jan 01, 2013 5:57 pm
Post subject:
Thats a nasty pick i dont want anything to do with BOYD
My Teams
NFL: Texans
NBA: Pistons
MLB: Tigers
NHL: Red Wings
NCAAB: Michigan
NCAAF: Michigan
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Posts: 26420
Location: Indianapolis Indiana
Posted: Tue Jan 01, 2013 6:08 pm
Post subject:
Can't argue with the Bengals pick
Big thanks to kacymcbryant18 for the sig....^^
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Posts: 12431
Location: Niagara Falls
Posted: Tue Jan 01, 2013 6:21 pm
Post subject:
Bradley Roby is a elite prospect but drafting Barkley first round 2012 worries me.
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Posts: 22887
Location: The Iowa
Posted: Tue Jan 01, 2013 6:26 pm
Post subject:
Winner of Football's Future Big Brother II
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Posts: 2049
Location: Chicago
Posted: Tue Jan 01, 2013 7:24 pm
Post subject:
Solid Bears pick
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Posts: 32990
Location: Delaware
Posted: Tue Jan 01, 2013 7:27 pm
Post subject:
Solid pick but Britt is a FA after next season and I doubt he's back unless he has a good to great season. Watkins or Lee would be a good pick.
Avery Williamson
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Joined: 15 Jan 2012
Posts: 641
Location: Birmingham, AL
Posted: Tue Jan 01, 2013 7:36 pm
Post subject:
Defensive line seems like a realistic possibility for Atlanta in the first round next year. And it really probably is the one thing keeping us from being at the next level but I also believe we would be taking a corner in the 1st for 2014 as our top 3 corners will be over 30 years old (if Brent Grimes is brought back).
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Posts: 13160
Posted: Tue Jan 01, 2013 8:07 pm
Post subject:
Bad pick for the Patriots. We have no need for a LBer in the first. We have Mayo, Spikes and Hightower for LBs. If we go back to 3-4 we have Mayo and Spikes at ILB and Hightower Nink and Jones on the outside.
dhunt2402 wrote:
You're like the patron saint of roster bubble players
Adopt a Patriot: Eric Rowe
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Posts: 16828
Location: Canada, but don't worry... i'm not one of those damn dirty french.
Posted: Tue Jan 01, 2013 11:18 pm
Post subject:
Would hate picking so high again, and honestly dont think we will be picking that high, but Clowney is an obvious pick for us if he is there.
First jersey purchased: Jamarcus Russell.
Second jersey purchased: Rolando McClain.
Next purchases: Every Chiefs, Chargers and Broncos player.
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Posts: 4002
Posted: Tue Jan 01, 2013 11:36 pm
Post subject:
Fine with me... although I'd be pissed if we didn't upgrade MLB in 2013.
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Posts: 560
Posted: Wed Jan 02, 2013 12:10 am
Post subject:
LOL, nice joke! Now, where's the serious pick?
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Its A Sabotage
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Posts: 38211
Posted: Wed Jan 02, 2013 10:16 am
Post subject:
Not only do we move to LA but we take someone not named Clowney?
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If you have ever thought that you needed a place to put something, DIY bookcase is the solution. Why should be DIY bookcase? I love shelves, and there are so many great ideas for DIY bookcase, to fit any style and budget. Wall shelves, book...[Read More]
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