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The subject of homosexuality in Judaism dates back to the Biblical book of Leviticus. This describes sexual intercourse between males as an "abomination" that may be subject to capital punishment, although Halakhic courts are not authorized to administer capital punishment in the absence of a Temple in Jerusalem.
The issue has been a subject of contention within modern Jewish denominations and has led to debate and division. The prevalent view among Jews had been to regard homosexual intercourse as sinful, arguing that it is categorically forbidden by the Torah. This remains the current view of Orthodox Judaism, but not of Reconstructionist Judaism and Reform Judaism. Conservative Judaism's Committee on Jewish Law and Standards, which until December 2006 held the same position as Orthodoxy, recently issued multiple opinions under its philosophy of pluralism, with one opinion continuing to follow the Orthodox position and another opinion substantially liberalizing its view of homosexuals and homosexual relationships while continuing to regard certain sexual acts as prohibited.
Homosexuality in the Hebrew BibleEdit
The Torah, the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, reflects the Judaism of ancient Israel and serves as the primary source for traditional Jewish views on homosexuality.
The Torah prohibits men from having sex with other men. It states: "You shall not lie with a male as one lies with a woman; it is a to'evah" (Leviticus 18:22). (וְאֶת זָכָר לֹא תִשְׁכַּב מִשְׁכְּבֵי אִשָּׁה תּוֹעֵבָה הִוא) Leviticus 20:13 further states: "A man who lies with a male as one lies with a woman; the two of them have done a to'evah; they shall be put to death; their bloodguilt is upon them." (וְאִישׁ אֲשֶׁר יִשְׁכַּב אֶת זָכָר מִשְׁכְּבֵי אִשָּׁה תּוֹעֵבָה עָשׂוּ שְׁנֵיהֶם מוֹת יוּמָתוּ דְּמֵיהֶם בָּם)
The term to'eva is usually translated as "abomination" and is used in the Torah to refer to a variety of forbidden acts including incest, idolatry, eating unclean animals, and economic injustice. In the context of sexual prohibitions, the word is also interpreted by the Talmud to be a contraction of the words תועה אתה בה to'eh ata vah ("You are wandering astray with it"). Preceding this it states in Leviticus 18:3, "What is done in the land of Egypt, wherein you were settled, you are not to do; what is done in the land of Canaan, to which I am bringing you, you are not to do; by their laws you are not to walk". Rabbis later interpreted that as prohibiting lesbianism as well (see below).
In Samuel (I and II), the Biblical text described the relation between King David and Jonathan in terms of love, comparing it to the love between man and woman. Some modern scholars have ascribed sexual significance to these passages,[1] while traditional interpretations overwhelmingly reject any such interpretation. For example, after David killed Goliath and spoke with Saul, the Bible relates:
Jonathan's soul became bound to David's soul, and Jonathan loved him as [he loved] his own soul. Saul took him that day and did not allow him to return home. Jonathan and David made a covenant because he loved him as [much as] himself. Jonathan removed the coat that was on him and gave it to David, and his suit and even his sword and even his bow and even his belt. David went wherever Saul sent him, and would be successful. Saul put him in charge of the soldiers. He was good in the eyes of the entire nation and in the eyes of the Saul's ministers.Even though Jonathan was the crown prince, he was able to allow David to assume authority that was rightfully his own because of his great love for him. On Jonathan's passing King David eulogized him: "I have great pain over you, my brother Jonathan, you were very pleasant to me, your love for me was more wondrous than the love of women." (II Samuel 1:26)
The sensual connotation seen here by certain modern authors is countered by the observation that "stripped himself...even to his sword, and to his bow, and to his girdle" may best indicate a limit, that of his outer garments and ending with "girdle, which means armor in (2Kings|3:21|KJV). And that this had a clear ceremonial precedent under Moses, in which God commanded, "And strip Aaron of his garments, and put them upon Eleazar his son", (Numbers|20:26|KJV) in transference of the office of the former upon the latter. In like manner, Jonathan would be symbolically and prophetically transferring the kingship of himself (as the normal heir) to David, which would come to pass. It is also known that strong emotive language was normal in Ancient Near Eastern societies in describing their relationships, and in platonic respects, such as sacrificial loyalty and zeal for the kingdom, Jonathan's love surpassed that of the women David had known.[2]
There is, however, no evidence that Biblical passages about the relationship between David and Jonathan, or the sexual significance some modern academic scholars have ascribed to it, influenced either historical or contemporary Jewish views on the subject of homosexuality, or were thought of as having a homoerotic character in Jewish religious thought.
Rabbinic Jewish application and interpretation of these versesEdit
Death penalty not carried out in practiceEdit
Rabbinic Judaism does not believe that the above verses refer to what is nowadays described as a homosexual inclination, nor do these verses refer to lesbian sexual activity. Instead, these verses specifically refer to a willing act of anal sex between two male Jews.
According to [specify]
Rabbinic interpretation understands the Torah prohibition of Lo tikrevu legalot ervah ("You shall not come close [to another person] to uncover nakedness") to forbid all sexual acts which can lead to forbidden intercourse, and prescribes the punishment of lashes. [How to reference and link to summary or text] But according to [specify]
, this verse is not written in conjunction with homosexuality, rather it is referring to the forbidden incest marriages. The major sources of Halacha (Jewish law) such as the Rambam (Maimonides) and the Shulchan Aruch (Code of Jewish Law) only quote that law in reference to the forbidden family marriages. [How to reference and link to summary or text]
However, even in Biblical times, it was very difficult to get a conviction that would lead to this prescribed punishment. The Jewish oral law states that capital punishment would only be applicable if two men were caught in the act of anal sex, if there were two witnesses to the act, if the two witnesses warned the men involved that they committed a capital offense, and the two men subsequently acknowledged the warning, but proceeded to engage in the prohibited act anyway. As such, it is not surprising that there is no account of capital punishment, in regards to this law, in Jewish history.
In any case, rabbinic tradition understand the Torah's system of capital punishment to not be in effect in the absence of a Sanhedrin and Temple. However, the severity of the punishment may indicate the seriousness with which the act was seen in Biblical times.
Lesbian sexual activityEdit
Although there is no direct textual prohibition of homosexual acts between women (lesbianism) in the entirety of the Torah, such behaviour is widely viewed as forbidden by most rabbis based on a Drash interpretation of the Biblical verse "Do not follow the ways of Egypt where you once lived, nor of Canaan, where I will be bringing you. Do not follow any of their customs." (Leviticus 18:3).
A midrash, Sifra Aharei Mot 8:8–9, states that this refers to sexual customs, and that one of those customs was the marriage of women to each other, as well as a man to a woman and to her daughter. Maimonides, in his Mishneh Torah, summarizes the matter as follows:[3]
For women to be mesollelot with one another is forbidden, as this is the practice of Egypt, which we were warned against: "Like the practice of the land of Egypt . . . you shall not do" (Leviticus 18:3). The Sages said [in the midrash of Sifra Aharei Mot 8:8–9], "What did they do? A man married a man, and a woman married a woman, and a woman married two men."
Even though this practice is forbidden, one is not lashed [as for a Torah prohibition] on account of it, since there is no specific prohibition against it, and there is no real intercourse. Therefore, [one who does this] is not forbidden to the priesthood because of harlotry, and a woman is not prohibited to her husband by this, since it is not harlotry. But it is appropriate to administer to them lashings of rebellion [i.e., those given for violation of rabbinic prohibitions], since they did something forbidden. And a man should be strict with his wife in this matter, and should prevent women known to do this from coming to her or from her going to them.
Classical rabbinic Jewish sources do not specifically mention that homosexual attraction is inherently sinful (though it is regarded as unnatural). However, someone who has had homosexual intercourse is seen to have allowed their "unnatural attractions" to get the better of them, and it is thus believed that they would be held accountable by God for their actions. If he does teshuva (repentance), i.e. he ceases his forbidden actions, regrets what he has done, apologizes to God, and makes a binding resolution never to repeat those actions, he is seen to be forgiven by God (in a similar manner to the other capital crimes, excepting murder). [How to reference and link to summary or text]
Homosexual Marriage in MidrashEdit
The Midrash is one of the few ancient religious texts that makes reference to Homosexual marriage. The following teaching can be found twice in the Midrash:
"Rabbi Huna said in the name of Rabbi Joseph, 'The generation of the Flood was not wiped out until they wrote marriage documents for the union of a man to a male or to an animal.'"[4]
Teachings of KabbalahEdit
Hasidic Judaism views homosexuality as a grave sin. Accepting Kabbalah, Jewish mysticism, as normative, it believes that heterosexual intercourse is a holy act, because it has the potential to lead to new life, and because heterosexual sex mimics the mechanism through which God created the universe. When a male and a female perform this act, they evoke creative spiritual energies, similar to ones that were used to create the Universe. This creation mechanism involved two opposite partners (male and female aspects of Divinity known as Zachar and Nehkayvah [pronounced n-kAy-vah]), a source of life-force and a recipient of it. The sexual act which evokes the male creative energy on the male side must, therefore, also involve evocation of female creative energies, even if the specific act will not lead to birth in the physical reality. If it is done properly, it results in one of the holiest activities in a Jew's life.
Therefore, a homosexual act is wrong not because it does not result in a birth (in Judaism, a sexual act that does not result in a birth is not forbidden, such as when the wife is pregnant, barren, or using contraceptives), but because it invokes holy spiritual forces which are then used in an unnatural way (from the Creation's point of view), between two partners that are of the same sex. Therefore, only male homosexuality (which involves the intercourse) is Biblically forbidden; female homosexuality is forbidden for different reasons and in general is much less serious sin. (As a matter of fact, the exact same explanation can be used to explain Kabbalistic view of masturbation and why it is forbidden).
Orthodox Jewish viewsEdit
While a variety of views regarding homosexuality as an inclination or status exist within the Orthodox Jewish community, Orthodox Judaism generally prohibits homosexual conduct. While there is disagreement about which acts come under core prohibitions, all of Orthodox Judaism puts certain core homosexual acts, including male-male anal sex in the category of yehareg ve'al ya'avor, "die rather than transgress", the small category of Biblically-prohibited acts (also including murder, idolatry, adultery, and incest) which an Orthodox Jew is obligated under the laws of Self-sacrifice under Jewish Law to die rather than do.
According to Rabbi Dr. Norman Lamm, former president of Yeshiva University, halakha prohibits homosexuality to non-Jews as well as to Jews.[5]
Haredi Orthodox viewEdit
Rabbi Benjamin Hecht writes that some Orthodox rabbis view homosexuality as a deliberate rebellion against God.
- Rav Moshe Feinstein, in Iggrot Moshe, Orach Chaim, Part 4, Responsa 115, adopted a very strong position against homosexuality. Human drives are necessary although they must be controlled. Since there is no purpose for the homosexual drive, Rav Moshe contends, it must not be a true drive. Therefore, the underlying reason for gay behavior, he argues, must be to rebel against G-d, to wish to do something forbidden (perhaps, implying some innate knowledge of its forbidden nature). [6]
Modern Orthodox viewEdit
In recent years some within Modern Orthodox Judaism have begun re-evaluating homosexuality as a phenomenon, and the Orthodox community's response to homosexual Jews. Traditionally, homosexuals have been considered to have chosen to engage in homosexual actions in order to spite God (le-hach'is) or to be perverse. Beginning in the 1970s and influenced by new perspectives in the sociological and biological sciences, some Orthodox rabbis began to adopt less unsympathetic positions. Rabbi Dr. Immanuel Jakobovits, in his entry Homosexuality in the Encyclopedia Judaica (Keter Publishing), describes the traditional opinion in this way:
Jewish law [...] rejects the view that homosexuality is to be regarded merely as a disease or as morally neutral.... Jewish law holds that no hedonistic ethic, even if called "love", can justify the morality of homosexuality any more than it can legitimize adultery or incest, however genuinely such acts may be performed out of love and by mutual consent.
Rabbi Norman Lamm (the Chancellor, a rosh yeshiva ["head of the yeshiva"], and former president of Yeshiva University, a major Modern Orthodox Jewish institution) advocated[7] that some (although not all) homosexuals should be viewed as diseased and in need of compassion and treatment, rather than willful rebels who should be ostracized. He distinguishes between six varieties of homosexuals, including "genuine homosexuals" who have "strong preferential erotic feelings for members of the same sex", "transitory" and "situational" homosexuals who would prefer heterosexual intercourse but are denied it or seek gain in homosexuality, and heterosexuals who are merely curious. Lamm explains:
Clearly, genuine homosexuality experienced under duress (Hebrew: ones) most obviously lends itself to being termed pathological especially where dysfunction appears in other aspects of personality. Opportunistic homosexuality, ideological homosexuality, and transitory adult homosexuality are at the other end of the spectrum, and appear most reprehensible....
Where the category of mental illness does apply, the act itself remains to´evah (an abomination), but the fact of illness lays upon us the obligation of pastoral compassion, psychological understanding, and social sympathy. In these sense, homosexuality is no different from any other anti-social or anti-halakhic act ...
An example of a criminal act that is treated with compassion by the Halakhah, which in practice considers the act pathological rather than criminal, is suicide.... in the course of time, the tendency has been to remove the stigma from the suicide on the basis of mental disease....
The suicide analogy should not, of course, lead one to conclude that there are grounds for a blanket exculpation of homosexuality as mental illness.... people do not ordinarily propose that suicide be considered an acceptable and legitimate alternative to the rigors of daily life. No sane and moral person sits passively and watches a fellow man attempt suicide because he "understands" him and because it has been decided that suicide is a "morally neutral" act. By the same token, in orienting ourselves to certain types of homosexuals as patients rather than criminals, we do not condone the act but attempt to help the homosexual. Under no circumstances can Judaism suffer homosexuality to become respectable.
When Steven Greenberg, who received Orthodox rabbinic ordination, publicly announced that he was homosexual, there was a significant response from rabbis of all denominations reported in the Jewish newspapers. Rabbi Moshe Tendler, a leading rabbi at Yeshiva University, stated "It is very sad that an individual who attended our yeshiva sunk to the depths of what we consider a depraved society,"
- Tendler said that Rabbi Greenberg's announcement is "the exact same as if he said, 'I'm an Orthodox Rabbi and I eat ham sandwiches on Yom Kippur.' What you are is a Reform Rabbi." [8]
Sandi Simcha Dubowski's movie Trembling Before G-d (2001) documented the experiences of several homosexual Modern Orthodox and Haredi Jews. No Haredi Orthodox group spoke out in favor of the film. The spokesperson for Agudath Israel of America, Rabbi Avi Shafran, attacked the film with an article "Dissembling Before G-d", maintaining that gay people can be cured through therapy, and that the movie is meant to promote homosexuality:
- Unfortunately, though, "Trembling" seems to have other intents as well. While it never baldly advocates the case for broader societal acceptance of homosexuality or for the abandonment of elements of the Jewish religious tradition, those causes are subtly evident in the stark, simplistic picture the film presents of sincere, conflicted and victimized men and women confronted by a largely stern and stubborn cadre of rabbis.
- That picture is both incomplete and distorted. For starters, the film refuses to even allow for the possibility that men and women with homosexual predilections might - with great effort, to be sure - achieve successful and happy marriages to members of the opposite sex. [9]
Ex-gay organizationsEdit
JONAH is a Jewish ex-gay organization that focuses on "prevention, intervention, and healing of the underlying issues causing same-sex attractions."[10] It is an international organization, with the majority of its membership in the United States, Israel, Canada and Europe. [11] It uses a variety of psycho-educational methods, including live support group meetings, E-mail list-serv groups, networking, therapy referrals, experiential weekend programs.[12]
Atzat Nefesh is based in Israel and addresses people with a variety of sexual problems. It operates a hotline and several support groups in Israel, and purports to successfully change the sexual orientation of LGB people.[13]
Other viewpointsEdit
- "Compassion, sympathy, empathy, understanding - these are essential elements of Judaism. They are what homosexual Jews who care about Judaism need from us today." Jonathan Sacks, Chief Rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregations of the Commonwealth (United Kingdom)
- Both in the United States and in Israel, several groups have sprung up in the last few years that seek to support those who identify as both Orthodox and homosexual and to promote understanding of homosexuality within Orthodox communities and among Orthodox rabbis. These include the Gay and Lesbian Yeshiva Day School Alumni Association [2], the women's group OrthoDykes [3], the youth group JQYouth [4], and the Israeli group Hod ("Majesty") [5][6].
Conservative/Masorti JudaismEdit
- Main article: Homosexuality and Conservative Judaism
As a matter of both Jewish law and institutional policy, Conservative Judaism has wrestled with homosexuality issues since the 1980s.
In Conservative Judaism, the Committee on Jewish Law and Standards (CJLS) of the Rabbinical Assembly makes the movement's decisions concerning Jewish law. In 1992, the CJLS action affirmed its traditional prohibition on homosexual conduct, blessing same-sex unions, and ordaining openly gay clergy. However, these prohibitions grew increasingly controversial within the Conservative movement.
In 2006, the CJLS shifted its position and paved the way for significant changes regarding the Conservative movement's policies toward homosexuality. On December 6, 2006, The CJLS adopted three distinct responsa reflecting very different approaches to the subject. One responsum substantially liberalized Conservative Judaism's approach including lifting most (but not all) classical prohibitions on homosexual conduct and permitted the blessing of homosexual unions and the ordination of gay clergy. Two others completely retained traditional prohibitions. Under the rules of the Conservative movement, the adoption of multiple opinions permits individual Conservative rabbis, congregations, and rabbinical schools to select which opinion to accept, and hence to choose individually whether to maintain a traditional prohibition on homosexual conduct, or to permit gay unions and clergy.
The liberalizing responsum, adopted as a majority opinion by 13 of 25 votes, was authored by Rabbis Elliot N. Dorff, Daniel Nevins, and Avram Reisner. It lifted most restrictions on homosexual conduct and opened the way to the ordination of openly gay and lesbian rabbis and acceptance of homosexual unions, but stopped short of religiously recognizing gay marriage. The responsum invoked the Talmudic principle of kavod habriyot, which the authors translated as "human dignity", as authority for this approach. The responsum maintained a prohibition on male-male anal sex, which it described as the sole Biblically prohibited homosexual act. This act remains a yehareg ve'al ya'avor ("die rather than transgress" offense) under the decision.[14]
Two traditionalist responsa were adopted. A responsum by Rabbi Joel Roth [15], adopted as a majority opinion by 13 votes, reaffirmed a general complete prohibition on homosexual conduct. A second responsum by Rabbi Leonard Levy, adopted as a minority opinion by 6 votes, maintained that homosexuality is potentially curable and encouraged people with homosexual inclinations interested in living as religious Jews to seek treatment.
The Committee rejected a fourth paper by Gordon Tucker which would have lifted all restrictions on homosexual sexual practices.
The consequences of the decision have been mixed. On the one hand, four members of the Committee, Rabbis Joel Roth, Leonard Levy, Mayer Rabinowitz, and Joseph Prouser, resigned from the CJLS following adoption of the change.[16] [17] On the other hand, the Ziegler School of Rabbinic Studies of the University of Judaism (now the American Jewish University) in Los Angeles had previously stated that it will immediately begin admitting gay and lesbian students as soon as the law committee passes a policy that sanctions gay ordination[18]. On March 26, 2007, the Jewish Theological Seminary in New York followed suit and began accepting openly homosexual candidates for admission for their Rabbinical program[19].
Meanwhile, Masorti synagogues in Europe and Israel, which have historically been somewhat more traditional than the American movement, continue to maintain a complete ban on homosexual conduct, clergy, and unions. As such, most Conservative rabbis outside the USA are exercising their authority as local rabbinic authorities (mara d'atra) to reject the more liberal responsa. The head of the Israeli Masorti movement's Vaad Halakha (equivalent to the CJLS), Rabbi David Golinkin, wrote the CJLS protesting its reconsideration of the traditional ban on homosexual conduct. [20]. The Masorti movements in Argentina, Hungary, and the United Kingdom have indicated that they will not admit or ordain homosexual rabbinical students.[21] The Masorti Movement's Israeli seminar also rejected a change in its view of the status of homosexual conduct, stating that "Jewish law has traditionally prohibited homosexuality." [22]
Rabbi Bradley Artson, Dean of the Rabbinic School at American Jewish University claims to have studied every reference he could find to homosexual activity mentioned in ancient Greek and Latin writers. Every citation he found described an encounter between males where one party, the master, physically abused another, the slave. Rabbi Artson could not find a single example where one partner was not subservient to the other. "Homosexual relationships today," Rabbi Artson says, "should not be compared to the ancient world. I know too many homosexual individuals, including close friends and relatives, who are committed to one another in loving long-term monogamous relationships. I know too many same-sex couples that are loving parents raising good descent [sic] ethical children. Who's to say their family relationships are less sanctified in the eyes of God than mine is with my wife and our children?"[7]
Reform JudaismEdit
The Reform Judaism movement, the largest branch of Judaism in North America, has rejected the traditional view of Jewish Law on this issue. As such, they do not prohibit ordination of gays and lesbians as rabbis and cantors. They view Levitical laws as sometimes seen to be referring to prostitution, making it a stand against Jews adopting the idolatrous fertility cults and practices of the neighbouring Canaanite nations rather than a blanket condemnation of same-sex intercourse or homosexuality. Reform authorities consider that, in light of what is seen as current scientific evidence about the nature of homosexuality as a biological sexual orientation, a new interpretation of the law is required.
In the late 1980s the primary seminary of the Reform movement, Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion, changed its admission requirements to allow gay people to join the student body. In 1990 the Central Conference of American Rabbis (CCAR) officially endorsed a report of their committee on homosexuality and rabbis. They concluded that "all rabbis, regardless of sexual orientation, be accorded the opportunity to fulfill the sacred vocation that they have chosen" and that "all Jews are religiously equal regardless of their sexual orientation."
In 1996 CCAR passed a resolution of civil marriage. However, this same resolution made a distinction between civil marriages and religious marriages; this resolution thus stated:
- However we may understand homosexuality, whether as an illness, as a genetically based dysfunction or as a sexual preference and lifestyle - we cannot accommodate the relationship of two homosexuals as a "marriage" within the context of Judaism, for none of the elements of qiddushin (sanctification) normally associated with marriage can be invoked for this relationship.[8]
- The Central Conference of American Rabbis support the right of gay and lesbian couples to share fully and equally in the rights of civil marriage, and
- That the CCAR oppose governmental efforts to ban gay and lesbian marriage.
- That this is a matter of civil law, and is separate from the question of rabbinic officiation at such marriages.
In 1998, an ad hoc CCAR committee on Human Sexuality issued its majority report (11 to 1, 1 abstention) which stated that the holiness within a Jewish marriage "may be present in committed same gender relationships between two Jews and that these relationships can serve as the foundation of stable Jewish families, thus adding strength to the Jewish community." The report called for CCAR to support rabbis in officiating at gay marriages. Also in 1998, the Responsa Committee of the CCAR issued a lengthy teshuvah (rabbinical opinion)[9] that offered detailed argumentation in support of both sides of the question whether a rabbi may officiate at a commitment ceremony for a same-sex couple.
In March 2000 CCAR issued a new resolution stating that "We do hereby resolve that, that the relationship of a Jewish, same gender couple is worthy of affirmation through appropriate Jewish ritual, and further resolved, that we recognize the diversity of opinions within our ranks on this issue. We support the decision of those who choose to officiate at rituals of union for same-sex couples, and we support the decision of those who do not."
To promote inclusion of LGBT members and clergy, the Reform movement established the Institute for Judaism and Sexual Orientation at Hebrew Union College. The IJSO offers educational programs and makes available copies of Reform responsa and policies on homosexuality.
Reconstructionist JudaismEdit
The Reconstructionist movement sees homosexuality as a normative expression of sexuality and welcomes gays and lesbians into Reconstructionist communities to participate fully in every aspect of community life. Since 1985, the Reconstructionist Rabbinical College has admitted gay and lesbian candidates for their rabbinical and cantorial programs. In 1993, a movement Commission issued: Homosexuality and Judaism: The Reconstructionist Position.[23] The Reconstructionist Rabbinical Association (RRA) encourages its members to officiate at homosexual marriages/commitment ceremonies, though the RRA does not require its members to officiate at them. In 2007, the RRA elected as president Toba Spitzer, the first openly gay or lesbian leader of a rabbinic association.
See alsoEdit
. .
- List of LGBT Jews
- LGBT rights in Israel
- Hod
- Keshet Rabbis
- Say Amen: A documentary about a gay man coming out to his Orthodox family
- Keep Not Silent: A documentary about Orthodox Jewish lesbians.
- Touro University Gay-Straight Alliance: The GLBT student group for the largest Jewish sponsored university in the world.
- ↑ Peleg, Yaron. "Love at First Sight? David, Jonathan, and the Biblical Politics of Gender" Journal for the Study of the Old Testament. 30:171-189, 2005. See also sources cited by Peleg, who argues that "the text sexualizes the relations between Jonathan and David, and then destabilizes these relations until it finally reverses them to portray Jonathan as David's 'female bride'." Peleg does not describe the relationship as homosexual, in contrast to several other Biblical scholars who consider it at least homoerotic.
- ↑ http://www.robgagnon.net/NewsweekMillerHomosexResp.htm Prof. Dr. Robert A. J. Gagnon
- ↑ Issurei Bi'ah 21:8–9 [1]
- ↑ Genesis Rabbah 26:5; Leviticus Rabbah 23:9
- ↑ http://www.jonahweb.org/cms/e/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=78&Itemid=42
- ↑ Nishma Uodated June 1992. Inquiry with Rabbi Benjamin Hecht Homosexuality: Is There a Unique Torah Perspective? http://www.nishma.org/topics/ethics/sexuality/update_92-06.html
- ↑ "Judaism and the Modern Attitude to Homosexuality"
- ↑ Rabbi Ordained by Yeshiva University Announces He is Gay. Israel Wire, May 18, 1999 21:01. http://www.israelwire.com/New/990518/99051844.html
- ↑ Dissembling Before G_d, editorial, Avi Shafran http://www.tremblingbeforeg-d.com/react/agudath.html
- ↑ [ http://www.jonahweb.org JONAH'S Mission Statement] Retrieved April 6, 2007
- ↑ News from JONAH
- ↑ http://www.pathinfo.org/orgs.htm Retrieved April 6, 2006
- ↑ [ http://www.atzat-nefesh.org Atzat Nefash] Retrieved April 6, 2006
- ↑ Elliott N. Dorff, Daniel Nevins, and Avram Reisner. Homosexuality, Human Dignity, and Halakha. Committee on Jewish Law and Standards, Rabbinical Assembly, December 6, 2006
- ↑ Joel Roth, Homosexuality Revisited, Rabbinical Assembly, December 6, 2006. (PDF) URL accessed on 2007-01-23.
- ↑ Ben Harris (2006). Conflicting Conservative opinions expected to open the way for gays. Jewish Telegraphic Agency. URL accessed on 2006-12-07.
- ↑ Rabbi Joel Roth, "Op-Ed: Law committee in its gay ruling stepped outside halachic framework", JTS News, December 10, 2006
- ↑ "Conservative Panel Votes To Permit Gay Rabbis", The Jewish Daily Forward", December 7, 2006
- ↑ "Chancellor-elect Eisen's Letter to the Community," The Jewish Theological Seminary, 26 March 2007.
- ↑ Rabbi Joseph Prouser, The Conservative Movement and Homosexuality: Settled Law in Unsettling Times"
- ↑ "Overseas Seminaries Set To Reject Gay Ordination: Canadian Rabbis Mull Forming Separate Wing of Movement" The Jewish Daily Forward, December 15, 2006
- ↑ "No gay ordinations in conservative seminar", Y-net News, March 28, 2007
- ↑ [http://www.jrf.org/rt/transformation.html "Becoming a "Kehillah Mekabelet": The Struggles of Transformation"] by Roberta Israeloff
- Alpert, Rebecca, Like Bread on a Seder Plate: Jewish Lesbians and the Transformation of Tradition Columbia University Press, New York, 1997.
- Marc Angel, Hillel Goldberg, and Pinchas Stolper, "Homosexuality and the Orthodox Jewish Community" Jewish Action 53:2 p.54 (1992).
- Balka, Chistie and Rose Andy Twice Blessed: on Being Lesbian or Gay and Jewish Boston: Beacon Press, 1989.
- J. David Bleich. "Homosexuality" in Judaism and Healing KTAV, 1981
- Boyarin, Itzkovitz, Pellegrini, eds. Queer theory and the Jewish question, Columbia Univ Press, 2003
- Michael Broyde, "Jews, Public Policy and Civil Rights: A Religious Jewish Perspective" at jlaw.com
- Cohen, Uri C. "Bibliography of Contemporary Orthodox Jewish Responses to Homosexuality" ATID, Jerusalem. .pdf online
- Rabbi Moshe Feinstein. Igrot Moshe OH 4:115, 1 Adar I, 5736
- Greenberg, Steven, Wrestling with God and Men: Homosexuality in the Jewish Tradition. University of Wisconsin Press, 2004. ISBN 0-299-19090-0
- _______. (Under pseudonym Yaakov Levado). Gayness and God, Tikkun magazine, 1993.
- Kahn, Yoel H. "Judaism and Homosexuality: The Traditionalist/Progressive Debate" in Homosexuality and Religion, Richard Hasbany, ed. Haworth Press, 1989
- Jewish Reconstruction Federation & RRA, Homosexuality and Judaism: The Reconstructionist Position, The Reconstructionist Press, 1993
- Unterman, Alan. "Judaism and Homosexuality: Some Orthodox Perspectives" in Jewish Explorations of Sexuality, Jonathan Magonet, ed.
External linksEdit
- Homosexuality and Judaism: Synthesis or Impasse?by Rabbi Brad Artson
- Havruta website - the religious group
- Jewish Mosaic: The National Center for Sexual and Gender Diversity
- Letter to a homosexual baal teshuva, by Rabbi Aharon Feldman
- Gay life in Israel
- Homosexuality in Orthodox Judaism Rabbi Dr Nachum Amsel (PDF)
- Rabbi Danny Nevins, Living Law: A Journal of the CJLS Vote on Homosexuality and Halakhah, 16 Kislev 5767 / December 7, 2006
- JONAH non-profit organization for educating about the prevention, intervention, and healing of the underlying issues causing same-sex attractions
- Reform's position on homosexuality
- Does Judaism accept same-sex behavior?
- Judaism, Nature and Homosexuality
- FAQ on homosexual Jews
- Bat-kol - Religious Lesbian Organization
- OrthoDykes For Orthodox Jewish lesbians
- Frum Gay Jews - a website about homosexual Orthodox Jews
- Feygelah - organization for queer Jews in Montreal
- Trembling Before G-d - official documentary website
- Hineini: Coming Out in a Jewish High School - official documentary website
- Shmuely Boteach's view of homosexualityTemplate:Religion and homosexuality
|This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors).


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Ambyr Childers, the Blond and Beautiful
The Bunker
Hopkins has always had those crazed, beady little eyes - which is why Hannibal Lecter is only the second or third most evil character he's played in his career. But it's the iconic mustache and his intense silence between fits of shouting that turned him into the Führer.
The Untouchables
DeNiro gained some weight and lost a little hair for his performance as Al Capone in The Untouchables. And while most of it comes off as a cheap caricature of any 1920s gangster, it's DeNiro's childlike playfulness before he bashes a guy's brains in that make you believe he's Capone.
The 2013 Father's Day Playlist

subset: commoncrawl


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Allstate Sugar Bowl To Sponsor Junior Golf Tourney
Thursday, August 25, 2011
The Kelly Gibson Junior Golf Tour, in partnership with Allstate Sugar Bowl, is proud to announce they will be operating the inaugural Tommy Moore Memorial Junior Golf Championship (TMMJGC) December 29th and 30th, 2011 at Lakewood Golf Club in New Orleans. The field of the two-day tournament will be comprised of 80-100 boys and girls ages 12-18 from throughout the Gulf South Region. Hopefully this championship will become a national event.


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Greeneville, Tenn.- The Brevard College men's tennis team suffered an 8-1 setback to the Tusclum College Pioneers on Tuesday afternoon at the Nichols Tennis Complex.
Kloster and Taggart paired for a win on the number one doubles court, but BC was unable to get anything else going against the Pioneers.
The duo edged TC's Lukas Winkelmann and Nicolas Planchard 9-8 to start the afternoon. They improve to 3-3 in South Atlantic Conference doubles play on the year.
The Tornados return to the court on Wednesday afternoon as they travel to Mars Hill for a match with the Lions at the Hart Tennis Center at 1 p.m. The Tornados close the season at the McCoy Tennis Complex on Friday at 1 p.m. as they host Carson-Newman.


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'"He brings a lot of energy," Jason Pominville said. "And that's what we expect from him. We need to bring that same kind of energy every night. He's going to be in our faces and we know that."'
There's still some fight left in Lindy
March 15, 2008 Submitted by
Via: Niagara Gazette


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Get Rich Slowly
Get Rich Slowly is a good new blog I ran across. They seem to incorporate many of same ideas I try to tell people about money management and investing. They pointed me to a great list of financial resource links including the very important High Yield Online Savings accounts. They also have a good review of "The Secret" with it's Law of Attraction, along with frugal tips for managing life. Take a look.


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A passion for pipes
71-year-old J. Gordon Christensen touts the sacred power of music
Byline info is not available
J. Gordon Christensen said that only a pipe organ has the power to "proclaim the great victory of the risen Christ."
On his tour of Russia, J. Gordon Christensen (right) discovered that the demand for organ music in the country far exceeded the supply. He joined forces with Russian attorney Dasha Ofsky (left) to found the Bach Research Library to provide sheet music for use at the Moscow Tchaikovsky Conservatory, shown in the background. Some of the pieces of music used in the Carroll organ workshop will be donated to this library.
November 5, 2013
Musical notes echo off the walls of the empty sanctuary, crescendoing to fill the cavernous room as late-afternoon sunlight filters softly through the stained glass windows of St. Paul Lutheran Church in Carroll.
A quick trip to the church balcony reveals the organist, 71-year-old J. Gordon Christensen of Council Bluffs. He is practicing his repertoire for a workshop he will lead in Carroll the following day.
Short in stature, his posture is stiff and formal as his hands move across the two rows of keys. A red-and-blue bow tie perches atop a crisp white shirt, his light gray suit jacket tossed aside and forgotten. Behind circular gold-rimmed spectacles, his eyes focus on the sheet music, expression stern in concentration.
Finishing the piece with a flourish, his silver-white mustache quirks up as a wide grin splits his face, transforming his rigid features. He raises twinkling eyes to glance across the top of the instrument in greeting.
A native of Nebraska, Christensen grew up in the heart of "cattle country" in the late 1940s. He pursued a love of music, receiving bachelor's and master's degrees in piano performance from Hastings College and the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, respectively. In the course of his studies, he was required to take organ classes.
He found himself impressed with the instrument's potential to elicit emotion, particularly in worship. He fell in love with its range of expression, exuded through a multitude of volumes and tones. It was a love his professors shared.
"We were told, rather emphatically, that if we ever came across a pipe organ that was at risk of being discarded or not used anymore, to demonstrate the value of the organ," Christensen said.
In the mid-1960s, he arrived in Imperial, Neb., to become an elementary music teacher, a position through which he shared his fervor for 41 years.
In the small town, population roughly 1,500, he also discovered a small Lutheran church on the verge of throwing out its pipe organ. He asked members of the congregation if he could be their organist for four consecutive Sundays, after which they could do what they wished with the instrument.
His first Sunday as organist at the Zion Lutheran Church was Sept. 29, 1968.
His last day as organist was May 27, 2009.
"It's something that I'm just passionate about, is pipe organ music," Christensen said, adding that he eventually completed his doctorate at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln with an organ emphasis.
In 1979-80, the church built a new facility and included a 27-rank, three-manual pipe organ, the largest between Lincoln, Neb., and the front range of the Rocky Mountains. In addition to playing Lutheran liturgies, or services, Christensen played for more than 400 weddings, sometimes for three generations of southwestern Nebraska families.
When school was out in the summer, the world became his stage. He conducted seminars and performed organ recitals across the Midwestern United States and Eastern Europe.
He moved to Council Bluffs in 2009, becoming the organist at St. Paul Lutheran Church there. Shortly after he began, his pastor, Nathan Sherrill, informed him that he would accompany Sherrill to Audubon each week for the Iowa District West Lutheran Confessions Study, where Christensen met about 30 Lutheran pastors, including Brian Licht of St. Paul Lutheran Church in Carroll. Licht asked Christensen to play for the Iowa District West Pastors Conference, held in Carroll in June.
As awareness of the needs and potential of organists rose, the idea to hold a workshop was born. It was supported by Iowa District West President Paul Sieveking, who helped promote the event, as well as Thrivent Financial, a Lutheran insurance and investment company. The goal to have 14 attendees was surpassed when 21 organists registered, traveling from as far as the Minnesota border to attend the day-long seminar in mid-October.
"The importance of education is a strong conviction of mine, particularly for organists in smaller parishes, smaller churches, smaller communities," Christensen said.
Such musicians often lack the resources to shop for music and have minimal practice time. Also, volunteer organists are frequently not recognized or appreciated, he added.
To address these needs, Christensen brought a representative from Dietze Music of Nebraska, giving attendees the chance to browse its entire organ repertoire. The registration also included a 90-minute organ lesson for each registrant on the organ in his or her home church.
An underlying goal of Christensen's work is to "beat the bushes" to find young people willing to take organ lessons and carry on the tradition.
One such individual attending the workshop was 14-year-old Tim Schreiber of Plattsmouth, Neb. Dressed as impeccably as his teacher, Schreiber even sported his own bow tie, pink with blue dots.
Schreiber had grown up in a church with an organ and didn't realize the full value of it until it was gone. His family moved to Nebraska from Ohio, and his new church employed an electric keyboard instead.
"After a while it kind of hit me in the face that it wasn't the same," he said.
He began researching organ music via YouTube videos. Familiar with reading music from his work with the French horn in school band, Schreiber started to teach himself how to play the piano on his sister's keyboard. A few months ago, he began taking organ lessons from Christensen.
"There's such a diverse range of things you can play," he said of his interest in the instrument. "You can play something soft and smooth, or something hard and glorious and bold."
Nicknamed the "king of instruments," the organ, with its wide range of pitch and dynamics, is capable of "pulling and drawing out of the human spirit" a variety of responses, said Christensen.
"Only a pipe organ has the power as a single instrument to proclaim the great victory of the risen Christ," he said. "It has the potential for bringing the spirit of Christ into the human emotion and spiritual well-being in a very humbling way."
An organ almost always has two or three manuals, or keyboards, Christensen explained. Each note is played by an individual pipe. An organ is described by its number of ranks, or sets of pipes. If an organ has five ranks, then each key can play five sounds, or five pipes, depending on which stops are engaged. The stops are controlled by a row of oblong levers that run parallel to the keyboards. When a stop is registered, the wind chest beneath the set of pipes is opened, enabling the air to blow through it to make a sound.
Pipes can range in length from 6 inches to 64 feet; the longer the pipe, the lower the pitch. Christensen estimates that the organ at St. Paul Lutheran Church in Carroll has roughly 1,200 total pipes. The pipes are located behind a levered screen, which opens when the swell pedal is pushed down, increasing the volume. Most organs have 32 pedals.
Pipes are one of two types: flue or reed. Flue pipes operate like a police whistle, while reed pipes operate like a clarinet mouthpiece. In a flue pipe, the air flows through the space to create sound; in a reed pipe, the air strikes a piece of metal that vibrates to create sound.
These pipes encompass four families of sound. Reed pipes are denoted as the brass or woodwind orchestral instruments, such as trumpets or oboes. Flue pipes include the principal stop, the sound found only in a pipe organ; the flutes, with strong fundamental overtones that lend a "plaintive or pleading" sound; and the strings, generally soft and carrying best at low pitch levels. The organ also contains a set of celeste pipes, deliberately sharpened out of tune.
It is this range of musical opportunity that makes the pipe organ unique, Christensen explained.
Stops can build to become louder and more powerful, challenging and encouraging the congregation to sing louder as well. Or it can be quiet and meditative, the celeste keys creating a "heavenly" sound that "can bring the most haughty of worshippers right to their knees," he said.
According to Christensen, the organ has a "historical identity" as a piece of Christendom.
The instrument first emerged in Christian music in the eighth century and has been a "key factor" in "virtually every Christian denomination" including Catholicism, Lutheranism and the Episcopal or Anglican churches, he said.
The instruments first appeared in the United States in early colonial days, arriving on the East Coast via ships from England. Companies quickly emerged, particularly in Massachusetts, and built organs well into the early 20th century.
As settlers pushed west, they carried organs with them, pieces housed in covered wagons.
Christensen, who is writing a book on the history of pipe organs in Nebraska, has discovered church records in Omaha detailing how an organ was transported across the Missouri River, the pipes and console rolled up the riverbank atop logs that served as wheels. In York, Neb., there stands an organ built in Massachusetts in 1888 that is still played regularly today.
In the course of his research, he has visited 16 churches, one in a town of only 240 people, all of which had some sort of pipe organ.
These close ties with religious practice left many organs standing silent and neglected as churches were closed under communism in Eastern Europe in the latter part of the 20th century. When the Berlin Wall fell in 1989, Christensen was one of the first people in, traveling to Slovakia to help restore a school building that had been operated by a Lutheran church.
When it reopened, he returned, traveling with four other teachers and 15 American teenagers who studied with the Lithuanian students in a four-week long English-immersion program. During one of these trips, Christensen played an organ recital in the small Slovakian village.
The community of 4,000 people had only two churches, one Catholic and one Lutheran. When he started practicing on the Lutheran organ, the first time the instrument had been used in decades, the leathers of the bellows ripped. A physical-education teacher fixed the splits in the bellows with medical tape so they could once again supply air to the pipe work.
Crisis avoided, Christensen continued practicing. About an hour from the start of the recital, the on-off switch failed. The church was already filled with nearly 500 people, he recalled. The pastor, who spoke no English, tapped Christensen, who spoke no Slovakian, and produced the equivalent of a penny, which he wedged into the switch to connect the wiring.
"The dear man had to sit there holding this all the time because if you let go, the organ would turn off," Christensen explained. "This pastor stood beside the console holding that penny in place for about two hours so that recital would happen."
On another trip, Christensen traveled on a three-week tour conducting workshops and performing concerts in three Russian cities, including a recital at the Moscow Tchaikovsky Conservatory, the Russian equivalent of the Juilliard School in the U.S. It was organized by one of his former grade-school students who had become the head of the Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod missions in Europe and Asia. The recitals were conducted not in churches but in concert halls.
"(My translator and I) were warned that we were both at risk of being arrested because we were the first Christians in about 70 years to appear on a public stage taking quotes from the Holy Scriptures and playing sacred music," he said.
In Europe, it is customary for audience members to give male performers flowers. Christensen was unaware of the tradition, but at the end of the first section, a very poor Russian woman walked onstage and approached him.
"Her hair was absolutely ratty, she had no teeth and was wearing a heavy kind of wool coat that was dirty, ragged and tatty, and she handed me a sway of evergreens that were obviously from a very poorly maintained bush, tied with an overly used strip of ribbon, but it was the best she had to offer," he said. "I still have that ribbon."
Despite its power, Christensen has seen the use of the pipe organ decrease dramatically throughout the United States. He attributes much of this decline to cultural influence he deems "theologically misleading."
"With it has come flimsy texts that are exceedingly repetitive and even secular, but not scripturally based," he said.
While mainstream music has its place in pop culture, Christensen said, he "seriously questions" its use in worship, particularly in relation to communion.
"It's not spiritually challenging, nor edifying," he said.
However, Christensen believes the pendulum is swinging "back to traditional worship patterns."
He cites the $90,000 restoration of a pipe organ in the small rural community of Adair, as well as the installation of the first North American-built organ in a chapel at the University of Oxford in England by Dobson Pipe Organ Builders of Lake City, as one piece of evidence of this swing. A second piece of evidence came from a contact at Paraclete Press who told him that composers are offering a greater volume and quality of sacred organ and sacred choir music, so much so that the Massachusetts publishing house can no longer print them all.
Finally, he referenced an increasing amount of activity in the American Guild of Organists, which has chapters in Omaha and Lincoln, Neb., and Des Moines, as well as a waning chapter in Storm Lake that Christensen hopes to revitalize.
The repertoire he prepared for the Carroll workshop focused on prelude and offering pieces. Based on hymns, the works add accompaniment to distinguish the music from the simple melody that is played to accompany congregational singing. He also included a series of concert works, written not for church but for the instrument, because they were "just plain fun."
"God created humor and laughter, and I sometimes think that worship becomes very pondersome and introspective," he said. "We miss the opportunity to express the joy and delight of the gift of salvation, and what better way than music to expedite?"
The shadows in the sanctuary sharpen as Christensen shares his stories, the reds, yellows and blues of the stained-glass windows glowing steadily in the light of the sinking sun.
Pausing periodically to demonstrate the organ's potential, the movement of his hands reveals black-and-white keyboard cuff links at his wrists as he plays through page after page of sheet music. The last note fades slowly, lingering a moment in the still silence of the church.
Christensen shares that not all pastors appreciate his suggestion that music is more powerful and pleasing to God than sermons. His joy in his work evident, he leans forward conspiratorially.
"If there is anything an organist can remind a pastor of," he says, a soft smile playing at his lips, "it's that the only thing the Scriptures say begins on earth, and continues into heaven, is singing."
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Thank you for a very interesting and well-written story, and many thanks to Dr. Christensen for his work to develop the potential of the most complex musical instrument that exists. I wish him much success in his quest!
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Robert Achterberg, PhD
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Re "Man dies after 200-foot fall in canyon near Moab" (Tribune, May 6):
The first ascent of the Matterhorn in 1965 resulted in tragedy. On descent, four of the seven climbers fell to their death.
The crude safety standards of the day were a subject of a great debate that led to higher safety standards for mountaineering. For example, modern mountaineers avoid weighting the rope except where necessary, like rappelling, and then only extremely carefully.
The new sport of hurtling yourself off of an arch formation while slung by a rope relies entirely on the equipment. In one case, the length of the rope was misjudged and it led to a death. Anchors and the arc of the swing may be dangerous.
Swinging is clearly a sport in its early evolution, and it's a sport without a full safety regime. The temptation is to condemn or stop swinging by law. But general outlawing is not a good idea.
Like mountaineering, swinging needs to evolve its own safety standards. Accidents, of course, will still happen. But let's not reject those things in life that add greatly to the quality of experience.
Instead, good sense and careful execution is the solution.
Ted Wilson
Salt Lake City


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'It's always easy to underestimate the intelligence of Buffalo sports fans. But the smart people know better by now. Like a lot of those former Sabres, they've seen this organization in action, and they have learned to be skeptical.'
Archives for August 2005
Sabres looking penny wise, hockey foolish
Hockey Fest wrap-Up
'"We are very pleased with this year's turnout", stated Buffalo Sabres Youth Hockey Coordinator, Patrick Fisher. "In total 105 teams competed, a growth of about 30 teams from last year.".
Moran's jersey displayed at Hall of Fame
'Buffalo Junior Sabres froward Chris Moran, who this summer became the sirst American player to be named the Ontario Hockey Association's Junior 'A' Player of the Year, will be further recognized when his Buffalo Lightning #21 jersey goes on display at the Hockey Hall of Fame in Toronto.'
Loose lips sinking Sabres?
'Former and current Sabres as well as some agents have told The Buffalo News that a group of influential players, over time, has spread word around the league: Don't play for the Sabres.'
Big names don't always spell big success in hockey
'As for the loss of Satan and Zhitnik, both were on the rosters of Sabres teams that failed to make the playoffs for the last several seasons. If the team can miss the playoffs with them, it can surely do it without them. Besides, Satan is a streak scorer who is familiar with the negative side of the plus-minus ratings. Besides, his nose got out of joint if coach Lindy Ruff didn't give him a hug every day. Zhitnik is a good, durable player who could be depended on for a huge amount of ice time, but he's hardly indispensable.'
Schedule change avoids Sabres, Bills conflict
'The Buffalo Sabres and Buffalo Bills will not be going head-to-head with home games on Dec. 17.'
Sabres Announce Time Changes For Two Games
'Buffalo sports fans will be able to see Sidney Crosby and Company take on the Buffalo Sabres at HSBC Arena on Saturday, December 17th and then watch the Buffalo Bills take on the Denver Broncos at Ralph Wilson Stadium later that night.'
Times change for a pair of Pittsburgh games
'The game on Saturday, December 17th in Buffalo has been moved to 5:00 p.m. from the originally scheduled time of 7:30 p.m. [Avoids conflict with Bills-Broncos game at 8:30 p.m.]'
McKee game on making a deal
'"I'm not going to hold out," McKee said. "We don't plan to drag this out until training camp. We'll both want to figure this out in a tight time frame."'
Poised for a comeback
'Tim Connolly is hungry, very hungry.'
ESPN Declines TV-Deal, NHL Moves To Comcast
Hockey on the Outdoor Life Channel? This can't be good for the NHL, right? Nothing could be further from the truth. Whether you knew it or not, ESPN gave up on hockey long before yesterday. They gave up on hockey long before the strike that wiped out the 2004-2005 season.
McKees team up as successful tennis tandem
'The McKees got involved in tennis when Jay was looking for another activity to keep him busy in preparation to the NHL lockout that wiped out last season. He took his wife to a tennis court and began hitting balls — well, Jay hit balls and Nicole missed them. Motivated, Nicole took lessons and soon got to where she could compete with her husband, even beating him on a few occasions.'
Sabres host hockey seminar
'The seminar will be hosted by Sabres General Manager Darcy Regier and Head Coach Lindy Ruff.'
Hecht signs with Sabres, McKee still negotiating
'The Sabres have their team locked in for next season with the exception of veteran defenseman Jay McKee. McKee wants a long-term deal and did not accept his qualifying offer. He will become an unrestricted free agent after this season unless he signs a multi-year contract. "I think (these signings are) terrific for the hockey team given the amount of time off that we've had," Regier said. "What it means is that our team, for the most part…is set going into training camp."'
Sabres agree to terms with Hecht
'Hecht had 15 goals and 37 assists for a career-best 52 points in the 2003-04 season.'


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if that was my wife would've filled that fanny full of cum
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Bei der weiss man gar nicht,wo man zuerst anfangen soll. Titten lutschen, Fotze blasen?, oder sich zuerst einen blasen lassen. Am Schluss intensiv ficken und auf die Riesenmelonen abspritzen
Look here: My what big tits you have! The same couple but a different story
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muy burna bieja
She is extremely beautiful, with a sweet smile and personality. Not to mention, amzingly sexy.
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Both are hot but the wife is really hot!
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sie ist ein tier, aber er...omg...wieso pennt so eine frau mit so einem horst?
sie ist klasse, einfach aufregend...
Sue fan ride my cock when she want
Geile Titten
Beautiful tits! I'd love to grab hold of them and play with her cunt. Wish she had a little more cunt hair! Mine is hairy and by tits are bit bigger. Wish the lady in red bra had let us see her without bra or panties. I would love a roll around with these naughty ladies. Wouldn't mind being photographed either. As long as they put the cameras down and fuck me. I'm a dirty girl who needs a big titted girl to break my girl on girl virginity. I'm soaking wet!
love how her cunt swallows that dick
Riesenmelonen und eine geile Fickfotze
mega geil die alte
hallo das ist ja echt mal richtiger porno ,vom feinsten .wuerde gern mal mitmachen
her pussy looks delicious. would love to taste it.
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that's how he kisses her goodbuy
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She has a juicy cunt, just right for licking and sucking
Amazing body. Rubbish camera angles.
Sie ist der Hammer
Warum kann man Sabine nicht ficken?
Last doch Simone auch ficken. Sie hat doch eine schöne Fotze!
nice tits
wife's got a hot body, but how the fuck did homie get that ring on his dick and nuts, that shit looks like it aint never coming off. hahahahaha.
Schöner Schwanz
Die bläst aber komisch
Who is she?
Hot body, but she can't suck a dick for shit.
lovely mommy..
One lucky s.o.b.
that's a cunt and ass I want to lick out, this guy is a champ
this babe has a top body great tits and arse , and cunt they way he licks her out one horney slut
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chew on her cunt more
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That milf was made for fucking.
tres jolie femme des seins parfaits un vagin manifique un corps tres agréable l'autre femme est jolie aussi cela doit etre tres agréable de faire l'amour avec ses deux femmes
Nice mature vid- frisky well groomed wiffie.
I wanna fuck that blonde kraut and that stocky body with her big tits. Ream her with my cock.
she has the prettiest pussy I have ever seen...wow
500,- wenn ich sie ficken darf!!!!!
Nice flaps
Hot woman!!
ma le donne matu chiavano meglio delle ragazzine.mi devo cercare una donna 50 enne...
Ich will sie auch diese geile sau.
this guy has some dick on him
Yeah the wife has indded got a fantastic pair of tits on her, but I am still waiting for te fuckless Simone to get banged.....................
she does have beautiful tits and azz!
stille Wasser sind tief
Der Schwanz war fast gut genug fuer mich, fast
they are from dresden, marco and marlin, they know each other since new year, started fucking soon, fist of all he likes her open mind, how sweet she is, sugar mouse, they like nature, dont know much about each other, started having sex with other couples, are into sm, like fucking with other couples, she doesnt like beeing all nute, thinks thats more erotic/sex (how do you say), porn ist filmed in theyr own bedroom
What a great wife and so sexy. I could like her pussy all day long.
She is unbelievable!!!! Imagine hooking up with her! She'd do anything and love you at the same time!!
name of actress??
OMG Such a sexy lady wish i could see more
Die Frau ist heiss, wird aber leider etwas vernachlaessigt. Er sollte sich mehr ihren Bruesten widmen, die sind sicher sehr sensibel. Ich wette darauf, dass man sie dort zum Hoehepunkt bringen kann. :)
wo ist das dorf mit der Kneipe ???
Nice couple. I would love to taster her pussy and suck his cock.
that chicks pussy was so dam wet
Even for MILFs, these are NOT good looking women yet they have outstanding bodies.
geil, geil, geil
the ring is for keeping the pressure of the blood in his dick so that he can fuck
German pornos are ALWAYS spoiled by unnecessary, disturbing, sometimes pathetic babble.
Diese Frau ist der Hammer, ich will Sie auch
zomfg, die haben bei uns im dorf ne kneipe..krank
einfach geil diese frau und ihre geilen fotze
perfect mature
nice MILF tits
She is also a very beautiful woman!
nice pussy...
The fucks he got around his balls
It's a cock ring, you should try one
Das ist wahrer Amateurporno!
God damn it, I wish I understood what they were saying just because it sounds like an interesting set up (for a porn story).
wtf is the deal with the ring around that guys nuts/dick? haha
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Pineau des Charentes is the result of stopping the fermentation of the grape juice by adding Cognac.
There are many varieties of Pineau des Charentes for you to enjoy: white, rosé, red, vieux (old), and très vieux (very old).
Couprie - Pineau Blanc Extra Vieux
This extra old Pineau is the result of long, patient barrel ageing, which contributes to a sumptuous, elegant bouquet.
Due to long ageing, this Pineau has the colour of old gold, with coppery highlights.Excl. Tax: €18.33 Incl. Tax: €22.00


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Results 1 to 4 of 4
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7th January 2013 01:56 AM #1
- Join Date
- Jan 2013
- Posts
- 8
Will my 3rd birth be even quicker?
I am pregnant with my 3rd child right now and was curious just how quick this labour could possibly be. With my first I was in labour for 8 hours and with my 2nd she came 2 pushes after my water broke (6 mins later). With my 2nd they said I wasn't quite in labour yet and when they checked on me after a bit they realized my water was about to break and that's when they got me to start pushing. It was so quick the doctor wasn't even there yet.
Now my question is do the more births you have usually quicken the labour time?
8th January 2013 04:39 AM #2
- Join Date
- Dec 2011
- Posts
- 532
As a rule of thumb, labours tend to become shorter and easier with every pregnancy. However, the one thing that is a certainty about birth and labour is that there are no certainties. One good thing about the third baby is that you should know your body and have a good idea of what it feels like to give birth, especially if your other births were drug-free and not induced. This means, that you will be better prepared and more aware of changes in your body. You will know what a real contraction feels like, when you've hit transition, and when it is time to call your midwife or head to the hospital/birth center.
How long were you in labour with your second? With my first baby I had a very long pushing stage, with the next three, they were born after only a few pushes. However, my actual labours have varied between 3 hours and 14.
Last edited by mom2many; 10th January 2013 at 04:21 PM.
9th January 2013 03:38 AM #3
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- Jan 2013
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Thanks mom2many!
With my second they recorded the labour as being 2 hours but there was only 5-10 minutes of pushing. If I can remember correctly I thought it was only 3 pushes after my water broke. She came super quick.
You are right though with her I already knew my body and that I was going into labour that's why I went to the hospital in the first place. It was the nurses that said I wasn't and let me try to "sleep" in a hospital room until the morning.
I just wanted to see what others experiences were because I live about 35 minutes away from our hospital.
Thank you for responding though!! It's sure good to know that this could possibly be another quick and trouble free labour. Fingers crossed
10th January 2013 04:22 PM #4
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In all honesty, 35 minutes is not too bad. I am sure you will be just fine. I am wishing a quick and easy labour. Cannot wait to hear how it goes! I love a good birth story. =)


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THE WHO TO TOUR U.S. FOR FIRST TIME SINCE 2008 The Who, the Mod British Invasion band that formed in the London district of Shepherd's Bush in 1964, will again invade America for 36 shows beginning Nov. 1 in Sunrise, Fla. Although they scored hits here earlier, The Who's first U.S. tour was in the Summer of Love, in 1967, when they gave their iconic performance at the Monterey Pop Festival.
The band's guitarist, Pete Townshend, and singer, Roger Daltrey, announced at a press conference that they will be performing their epic 1973 rock opera, "Quadrophenia," in its entirety.
The tour stops in Anaheim at the Honda Center on Jan. 28, 2013; in L.A. at the Staples Center on Jan. 30 and in San Diego at the Valley View Casino Center on Feb. 5. The band is also headlining the London Olympics Closing Ceremonies on Aug. 12 with George Michael.
The band toured the U.S. behind the double album twice before, in 1973 and again in 1996-1997, their first tour with drummer Zak Starkey, who will again be sitting behind the kit. On bass is Pino Palladino, who has been with the group since the 2002 death of John Entwhistle. Backing them up will be Townshend's younger brother, Simon, on rhythm guitar; Joe Cocker and Eric Clapton's longtime pianist Chris Stainton; and keyboardists/backing vocalists Loren Gold and Frank Simes, who will also serve as musical director.
SPRINGSTEEN SUICIDAL AND DEPRESSED IN THE '80 s Bruce Springsteen confesses that he dealt with depression and suicidal thoughts in 1982, the year he released "Nebraska," an album of sparse demos intended as an E Street Band project but one that he eventually opted to release by himself as it was, according to his friend and biographer, journalist Dave Marsh, in a new feature on the New Jersey legend in the New Yorker.
"He was feeling suicidal. He was on a rocket ride, from nothing to something, and now you're getting your ass kissed day and night. You might start to have some inner conflicts about your real self-worth," said Marsh.
He sought the help of a psychoanalyst around the time of "Nebraska's" release.
"My issues weren't as obvious as drugs. Mine were different; they were quieter - just as problematic, but quieter. With all artists, because of the undertow of history and self-loathing, there is a tremendous push toward self-obliteration that occurs onstage." Analyzing what it's like for him to be onstage, he said, "There's a tremendous finding of the self while also an abandonment of the self at the same time. You are free of yourself for those hours; all the voices in your head are gone."
Springsteen and his E Street Band released their latest CD, "Wrecking Ball," in March. It went right to No. 1, a position it attained around the world.
Springsteen and The E Streeters are wrapping up a European tour this week.
They begin an American stadium tour on Aug. 15 at Fenway Park in Boston that concludes with three shows at MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, N.J., home of the NFL's New York Giants and Jets, on Sept. 19, 21-22.
ELTON'S NEW CD HITS NO. 1 IN U.K. Elton John's newest album, "Welcome to the Night," consists of songs from his hit-making '70 s that have been reworked by Aussie electronic duo, Pnau.
The album is at No. 1 on the British album chart. It's Sir Elton's first album to make it to the top in the U.K. in 22 years, according to Reuters.
GEORGE MICHAEL RELEARNS TO WALK; MAKES POT PROMISE Lifelong pot smoker George Michael says he's quitting for good after his near-fatal bout with pneumonia late last year, according to Britain's Sunday Mirror. He told BBC Radio 2 that he was in such bad shape that he had to learn to walk again.
"One afternoon I was having lunch and suddenly felt really odd and said to everyone that I needed to go and lay down for half an hour on my own. That's the last thing I remember for five weeks."
Michael, 48, was in a coma for three weeks and had to undergo a tracheotomy. "I just woke up like this feeble old man. I literally had to learn to walk again because when they keep you sedated for that long your muscles literally atrophy at an incredible rate."
A friend told the paper, "He never wants to be that ill again and knows just how close he was to losing his life. He's treating every day as a gift and he isn't going to slip back into his old ways." He added that Michael is "clear-headed, working hard and he's never felt better for it."
Michael, who is headlining the Closing Ceremony for the London Olympics on Aug. 12, will tour Europe, the U.K. and Australia through Dec. 1.
No American concert dates are on his docket.
In other Michael news, the singer, who is openly gay, told Scottish radio station Clyde 1 that, "There are so many things that gay people have to celebrate these days." He also said that that gay marriage should not be forced on churches. "Civil registration partnerships are legally correct. They give the same rights as people in marriage."
He also put the kibosh on any possible reunion with his Wham! cohort Andrew Ridgeley, including a much-rumored get-together to celebrate the duo's 30 th anniversary. "Nada reunion. It comes up every year and, sorry, people, but it's not happening."
ROCK HALL CELEBRATES CHUCK BERRY Chuck Berry, one of the major pioneering fathers of rock and roll, will be honored as an American Music Master during a week-long celebration of his music in October at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Museum in Cleveland. The week concludes with an all-star tribute concert on Oct. 27. The 82-year-old Berry himself will perform. Berry released a statement saying he's "looking forward to reelin' and rockin' in Cleveland." The rest of the lineup has yet to be announced. Past honorees include Woody Guthrie, Janis Joplin and Aretha Franklin.
FORMER SUPERTRAMP LEADER HODGSON TO TOUR U.S. Former Supertramp leader and co-founder Roger Hodgson, whose high singing voice provided lead vocals on many of the English group's biggest hits, including "The Logical Song," and "Give a Little Bit," will undertake a two-part 26-date American tour that kicks off on Aug. 3 in Richmond, B.C, one of only two Canadian stops on the junket.
The tour hits "A Taste of Newport" at Fashion Island in Newport Beach on Sept. 16, Humphrey's in San Diego on Sep. 18 and at the Agua Caliente Casino in Rancho Mirage on Oct. 26.
KINKS' RAY DAVIES DELIVERS HITS AND RARITIES Former Kinks' leader Ray Davies just completed a brief eight-concert tour of the West Coast, backed by a young SoCal band, The 88.
Davies played the usual assortment of British Invasion classics, from "You Really Got Me," and "Sunny Afternoon," to "All Day and All of the Night" as well as later '60 s and early '70 s greats like "Waterloo Sunset," "Celluloid Heroes," "Apeman" and "Victoria." He touched on his band's arena days in the late '70 s by performing "Misfits," "Low Budget" and The Kinks' final major hit, "Come Dancing."
However, he also showcased some real gems for the connoisseurs in the crowd.
At his Wiltern Theatre gig in L.A., he dug out such obscure gems as "This is Where I Belong" from 1966, "Full Moon" from 1977's "Sleepwalker," and "A Long Way From Home," from 1970's "Lola Vs. Powerman."
BOB DYLAN & MARK KNOPFLER TOUR Bob Dylan and former Dire Straits leader Mark Knopfler have played together numerous times over the past couple of decades, including a joint European tour late last year. This fall, the duo will tour the U.S. and Canada, beginning Oct. 5 in Winnipeg, Canada. The tour makes three southern California stops, Oct. 22 at the Santa Barbara Bowl, Oct. 24 at the Valley View Casino Center, and Oct. 26 at the Hollywood Bowl.
NO DOUBT PERFORMS LIVE Anaheim pop-rockers No Doubt has toured once since 2004, that taking place in 2009. In addition, they've played live onstage only a handful of other times, a one-off here, a one or two-song showcase there. At this year's Teen Choice Awards, the quartet led by singer Gwen Stefani, premiered their new single, "Settle Down." It was the foursome's first appearance at the awards broadcast in 11 years since their "Rock Steady" album went double-platinum.
No Doubt has recorded their first album in those 11 years, "Push and Shove," that's set for release Sept. 25. No tour backing up the album's release has been announced. They have one concert on their schedule, Sept. 21, at the MGM Grand in Las Vegas during the iHeart Radio Music Festival.
J. GEILS BAND SANS GEILS Four of the five members of Boston's J. Geils Band, singer Peter Wolf, harmonica player Magic Dick, organist Seth Justman and bassist Danny Klein, will reunite to undertake a nine-date tour of New England next month.
However, they'll be doing their Houseparty Tour without their namesake, guitarist John Geils, aka J. Geils himself, according to a press release from the band.
The release said, "The Band is challenging Francesca Records' baseless claim to ownership of the rights to the name 'J. Geils Band.' Unfortunately, John Geils' decision to align with Francesca Records has hindered a working relationship with The J. Geils Band."
The band formed in 1967 and broke up in 1985. They reunited in 1999 and briefly a few other times since.
TEEN IDOL BOBBY RYDELL RECOVERING 1960 s teen idol Bobby Rydell, who scored 18 Top 40 hits between 1959-1964, including the No. 2 hit, "Wild One" and the No. 4 biggie, "Volare," is recovering from a liver and kidney transplant, reports CBS News. The 70-year-old singer underwent the procedure in his hometown, Philadelphia.
Rydell said his doctor told him that without the transplant he wasn't expected to live very long. He also said that another Philly teen idol, his Golden Boys touring mate Frankie Avalon, called to wish him the best.
There was no word on if or when Rydell would able to return to performing.
GLEN CAMPBELL ISN'T UP TO AUSSIE TOUR Glen Campbell canceled his tour of Australia because he isn't up to the long flight, according to his spokeswoman. The 75-year-old singing guitarist is battling Alzheimer's and because of that he's on a farewell world tour. The Rhinestone Cowboy has eight American concerts remaining after this week, ending in Torrington, Conn. on Oct. 20.
MARIAH CAREY NEW AMERICAN IDOL JUDGE Mariah Carey, a new mother to twins, is the newest judge for the 12 th season of "American Idol," in the wake of the resignations of Aerosmith singer Steven Tyler and actress-singer Jennifer Lopez. TMZ reports that Carey, whose latest single, "Triumphant (Get 'Em)," will be released early next month, will be paid $18 million for one season.
NEW RELEASES Among the recently released albums, digital re-issues and deluxe box sets are a 2-CD import that is a real hodgepodge, "Who Cares," from Deep Purple singer Ian Gillan and Black Sabbath guitarist Tony Iommi; "Letur-Left: 2012 EP" from former Red Hot Chili Peppers guitarist John Frusciante, who quit that band in 2010; "Wing Beat: Songs written by Mike Keneally & Andy Partridge," from a little-known American prog-rocker and the acclaimed leader of Britain's XTC; an import, "Good Morning to the Night, Elton John vs. Pnau;" "Killer Live 1964-1970," from Jerry Lee Lewis; "The Show Goes On: Neil Sedaka Live At The Royal Albert Hall;" a 2-CD import, "Friday & Saturday Night at the Black Hawk," from Miles Davis; "Live at Montreux 1975-1993" from Etta James; a 2-CD import, "4 play" from English folk rock icons Fairport Convention; a 2-CD import, "Aces Wild" from tragic '50 s R&B singer Johnny Ace and "Mack the Knife Live" from Bobby Darin.
Remastered re-issues, usually with bonus tracks, include "Blues Don't Change," a 2001 album of blues standards from the brilliant-yet-severely damaged original guitarists for Fleetwood Mac, Peter Green and his Splinter Group; two Randy Bachman-less LPs from Canadian rockers The Guess Who, 1973's "#10," actually the band's 12 th studio album, but it's the 10 th album featuring group leader Burton Cummings, and its 1974 follow-up, "Road Food;" "Green Onions," from Stax Kings Booker T. & The MGs; a 2-CD import, "Around the World: Live in Concert," from 1975, by The Osmonds; "Appetizers," a 1977 LP from Alan O'Day featuring the hit "Undercover Angel;" and a 2-CD "Good Vibes," from Jamaican reggae trio The Heptones; and 1985's "The Staples Singers."
Box sets include "25 to Life," a DVD/2-CD document of a 2010 concert from country punker The Reverend Horton Heat; and a 10-CD import, "America's Most Successful Country & Western Star" by Eddy Arnold.
DVDs and Blu-Rays include "Secret World: Live" from Peter Gabriel and "Americana" from Neil Young & Crazy Horse.
NOW PLAYING Classic acts from the '50 s, '60 s and '70 s continue to perform. Here's what one of them is doing.
Puerto Rican singer and virtuoso guitarist Jose Feliciano is best known in the States for his 1968 debut single, a cover of the Doors' first major hit a year earlier, "Light My Fire," that he took to No. 3 on the Top 40 singles chart and also for his 1970 Spanish-language Christmas song, "Feliz Navidad," that's become a holiday staple, recognized by ASCAP as one of the 25 most played Christmas records worldwide.
Now 66, Feliciano, who was blinded at birth by glaucoma, released his last studio album, "Djangoisms," three years ago. His upcoming album, "The King" set for release Aug. 7, features a dozen songs popularized by Elvis Presley, including "You Are Always on My Mind." On the CD, Feliciano served as arranger and also played all the instruments and sang all the backup vocals.
He just finished performing in Spain and Turkey and he'll be in Australia and South Korea beginning with a concert in Melbourne on Aug. 31.
He'll be in Canada in late August and early September.
Steve Smith writes a new Classic Pop, Rock and Country Music News column every week. It can be read in its entirety on www.presstelegram.com. Like, recommend or share the column on Facebook. Contact him by email at email@example.com.


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Speak(Geek) - What Business Cofounders Really Need to Know
Silicon Valley Sports League
Tuesday, April 2, 2013 from 4:00 PM to 8:30 PM (PDT)
Event Details
Speak(Geek) is a crash course designed for startup Founders that don't have tech backgrounds. The promise is that in 4 half-days, we'll teach you enough about the fundamentals of web development to drastically improve your ability to recruit, manage, and collaborate with software developers, as well as generally understand the tech world around you. We cover everything from ideation and design to development and deployment, with a focus on "how it all fits together."
We'll walk you through the full web stack, from the front-end (HTML, CSS & JavaScript) to the back-end (languages like Ruby, Python, PHP, databases like Mongo and MySQL), and along the way we'll discuss the tools & mindset of a modern developer. We'll also touch on topics like open-source, APIs, mobile development, and more.
The course is fast-paced and interactive, bring laptops and space in your brain to learn!
"After taking the course, it's hard to remember what it was like not to know this stuff."
- Adele Maynes
Who is the course for?
Speak(Geek) is designed for non-technical startup Founders. It is valuable for Founders who have asked themselves some of the following questions:
- Where can I find good developers?
- How can I effectively manage and motivate engineers on my team?
- What are the key differences between Ruby, Python, PHP, Node.js, etc.?
- How can I assess the skill level of a developer?
- How can I use Github to follow the progress of product or feature developments?
- How can I use data analytics to improve the uptake of my product?
Day 1 - Development Process & Tools, Team Roles & Responsibilities, UX, UI
Day 2 - HTML, CSS, Markdown, Javascript
Day 3 - Structured & Unstructured Databases, Data Modeling, Server Admin & Scaling, Big Data
Day 4 - Programming Languages, Data Manipulation, REST/APIs, Request-Response Cycle
Note: All classes are held on Tuesdays from 4 - 8:30pm @ NestGSV, Apr 2, 9, 16, and 23.
Speak(Geek) spots are allocated on a first-come, first-serve basis, with a cap of 12 participants. Register now to secure your spot, or if you have additional questions, email email@example.com.
When & Where
425 Broadway Street
Redwood City,
Tuesday, April 2, 2013 from 4:00 PM to 8:30 PM (PDT)
Add to my calendar


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Latest Promos
Watch Your Favourite Celebrities Dazzle At The IIFA Awards 2017 In New York!
Mona Singh will be at her hilarious best on 'India Banega Manch' tonight at 9 PM!
Catch Ayushmann and Parineeti on 'India Banega Manch' tonight at 9 PM!
Behind the Scenes
Exclusive: Aashka Goradia talks about Naagin 2!
Exclusive: Sudha Chandran talks about Naagin 2!
Exclusive: Adaa Khan talks about Naagin 2!
Latest Mini Clips
Romantic journey of Rocky and Shivangi
Salman meets Harman on Shakti!
Romantic Journey of Swara and Sanskaar!
Latest Sneak Peek
'Subah ka Chaand' Monalisa
Shani- Ek Bhagwan ki Ansuni Gatha
Kids enjoy themselves on CNBT!
Latest Unseen
Bigg Boss' prank on Gauahar: Uncensored #Day-102
The effect of Andy's eviction: Uncensored #Day-102
Tanishaa feels like a winner: Uncensored #Day-102
Latest Photo
Rubina Dilaik redefines elegance of an Indian woman in these pictures
Udann: Making everlasting memories.
Click to see what happened recently on the sets of 'Ek Shringaar Swabhimaan'
These pictures of Bakool in Sarees will leave you in splits!
Latest News
Finally, Veer & Sanchi fall for each other on 'Savitri Devi College & Hospital'!
Will 'Saawri's entry in 'Ek Shringaar Swabhimaan' be a threat to Karan and Naina's relationship?
Khatron Ke Khiladi 8 - Test of fear begins this weekend!
Reason why we are crushing on 'Pawan' aka Piyush Sahdev from 'Devanshi'
June 27th, 2013
Exclusive pictures from Khatron Ke Khiladi 8 Press Conference.
Sasural Simar Ka: Work is never stressful for them!
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Chapel: Call to Prayer: Entering the Listening Process-Jacob Landis, Maddie List, Grantley Showalter
When Wednesday January 29, 2014 @ 10:00 AM (1275 days ago)
Where Lehman Auditorium
Duration 30 minutes
The EMU community is called to prayer for the listening process. Our focus is on Romans 12 as we reflect on being transformed into the image of Christ.
Intended Audience General Public
Contact Information
Name Campus Ministries
Phone # 540.432.4196


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According to a survey conducted by U.S. audit, tax, and advisory company KPMG, tech executives in the United States report that mobile and cloud revenues aren't only the top drivers for revenue in their companies, but are exceeding revenue forecasts from the previous year.
KPMG's survey tapped 100 C-level and senior-level executives in the tech industry; 74 percent of them are from companies that earn $1 billion or more in yearly revenue, and the rest are from companies earning between $100 million to $1 billion.
For all those companies, 53 percent say mobile revenues topped their 2013 forecasts, and 46 percent claimed their cloud revenues for the same year were above expectations. But in the future, the biggest driver of growth for those companies isn't expected to be mobile or cloud, but D&A (data and analytics), which 51 percent of the respondents ranked as their top growth driver. Mobile and cloud came in this year at 41 percent and 40 percent respectively, with security at 28 percent and consumerization of IT and IoT (Internet of things) both at 19 percent.
The changes from last year's survey hint at how attitudes have shifted for each of these topics. In 2013, D&A placed third behind cloud computing and mobile, at 33 percent. Where security was at 28 percent last year, it's nearly doubled in importance since then.
The author of the report, Gary Matuszak, Global Chair, KPMG Technology, Media, and Telecommunications, claims that IoT is emerging as the next major revenue driver for such companies for the years to come. At the very least, it has become more prominent as a discrete subject in the minds of those surveyed; in last year's survey, IoT didn't even make the list of major revenue drivers at all. But it isn't clear how the term was defined for the sake of the survey (or if the term was simply used as-is), since IoT is a fluid concept that can be applied generically to many different applications, as InfoWorld's Galen Gruman has noted.
Another change from last year: Respondents don't expect revenues to rise as dramatically as before. Last year, 79 percent believed revenues would increase; this year, it's "about 8 out of 10." But the amount of the increase is believed to be on the order of 1 to 5 percent this time around, rather than the 6 percent or greater increase predicted by most of them last year.
The survey also revealed some other topical winners and losers in the eyes of the executives. Automotive technology was a big winner, as 60 percent of respondents had plans to invest in some variety of it. When it came to crowdsourcing systems, though, only 25 percent said they planned to invest in it, while 55 percent said a flat-out no to any such investments and 20 percent were still on the fence. Finally, most of those profiled -- 86 percent -- cited the need to "create competitive differentiation" as the main driver of change in their business.
This story, "Mobile and cloud reign as tech's top moneymakers," was originally published at InfoWorld.com. Get the first word on what the important tech news really means with the InfoWorld Tech Watch blog. For the latest developments in business technology news, follow InfoWorld.com on Twitter.


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July 16, 2010 at 01:26:12 Jul 16, 2010 @ 01:26
im going to go see the grand canyon and staying in that area for a few days
ey, eat at the bright angel lodge. the food is great. as for shopping, sorry, i don't really know any places in northern arizona.
head down to scottsdale if you wanna hit up high point, king and duck, and fashion square though.


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SAINT LEO, Fla. – The Saint Leo softball team (13-9) continued to swing hot bats as they swept the Mount Olive Trojans (11-5) by the scores of 9-1 (5 Inn.) and 5-4, Tuesday afternoon in non-region action from University Softball Stadium.
After pounding-out nine hits in a 9-1 game one contest, the Lions used timely pitching to complete a 5-4 win over the Trojans in the nightcap.
Dianne Gonzalez highlighted the contests for the Lions as senior went a combined 3-for-5 with two home runs and a game-best six RBI. Brittany Yates also contributed a solid game as the catcher went 2-for-6 with three RBI. Five other Lions also registered two-hit contests as they connected for 16 over the two-game span.
Saint Leo controlled game one from the onset as a five-run first inning set the tone. Yates put the Lions on the board first as her two RBI double scored Ashlee Sismilich and Alex Garris. Shortly after, with two out and two on, Gonzalez blasted the first of her two home runs over the left field fence.
The Lions continued the onslaught in the fourth inning as Yates and Rachelle Gremo used a pair of RBI singles to assist them to an 8-0 lead. After the Trojans put one up on the board in the fifth, Saint Leo answered in the bottom of the frame as Garris' sacrifice fly ended the contest after five innings of play.
Megan Still was excellent again as she scattered three hits and allowed one earned run over five innings. She struck out four batters and surrendered only one walk.
It was Gonzalez who helped set the tone again early in game two as she stroked a two-run home run in the second inning. Mount Olive managed to tie the game in the third, but a three-run fourth inning by Saint Leo proved to be enough. Lamb delivered the big blow of the fourth as her solo shot sparked the Lions' rally.
The Trojans chipped away for runs in the fifth and seventh, but Lions' defense and pitching held to preserve the win.
All three pitchers took to the circle in game two as Ashley Ehlers secured her second win of the season after tossing 4.1 innings of five-hit ball. She allowed one earned run, while striking out three and forcing eight fly ball outs. Kristen Kelly was steady in relief, allowing one run. Still echoed her game one performance as she secured her first save of the season.
In total, Lions' pitching surrendered only three earned runs.
The Lions will return to the field on Friday, March 2, when they host the Florida Southern College Moccasins in Sunshine State Conference action. First pitch for the game will come at 7 p.m. from University Softball Stadium.
For the latest news, information, and updates on the softball team, visit SaintLeoLions.com.


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Xi Jinping was the son of Xi Zhongxun, who once served as deputy prime minister of China but was and was an early comrade-in-arms of Mao Zedong. The elder Xi, however, was often out of favour with his party and government, especially before and during the Cultural Revolution (1966–76) and after he openly criticized the government's actions during the 1989 Tiananmen Square incident. In 1969, during the Cultural Revolution, the younger Xi—like many of his fellow educated urban youth—was The younger Xi's early childhood was largely spent in the relative luxury of the residential compound of China's ruling elite in Beijing. During the Cultural Revolution, however, with his father purged and out of favour, Xi Jinping was sent to the countryside in 1969 (he went to the largely rural Shaanxi province), where he worked for six years as a manual labourer on an agricultural commune. During this that period he developed an especially good relationship with the local peasantry, which would aid the well-born wellborn Xi's credibility in his eventual rise through the ranks of the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP).
In 1974 he Xi became an official party member, serving as a branch secretary, and the following year he began attending Beijing's Tsinghua University, where he studied chemical engineering. After graduating in 1979, he worked for three years as secretary to Geng Biao, who was then the vice premier and minister of national defense in the central Chinese government.
In 1982 Xi gave up this that post, choosing instead to leave Beijing and work as a deputy secretary for the CCP in Hebei province. He was based there until 1985, when he was appointed as a party committee member and a vice mayor of Xiamen (Amoy) in Fujian province. While living in Fujian, Xi married the well-known folk singer folksinger Peng Liyuan in 1987. He continued to work his way upward, and by 1995 he had ascended to the post of deputy provincial party secretary.
In 1999 Xi became acting governor of Fujian, and he became governor the following year. Among his concerns as Fujian's head were environmental conservation and cooperation with nearby Taiwan. He held both the deputy secretarial and governing posts until 2002, when he was elevated yet again: that year marked his move to Zhejiang province, where he served as acting governor and, from 2003, party secretary. While there , he focused on restructuring the province's industrial infrastructure in order to promote sustainable development.
Xi's fortunes got another boost in early 2007 when a scandal surrounding the upper leadership of Shanghai led to his taking over as the city's party secretary. His predecessor in the position was among those who had been tainted by a wide-ranging pension - fund scheme. In contrast to his reformist father, Xi had a reputation for prudence and for following the party line, and as Shanghai's secretary his focus was squarely on promoting stability and rehabilitation of the city's financial image. He held the position for only a brief period, however, as he was selected in October 2007 as one of the nine members of the standing committee of the CCP's Political Bureau (Politburo), the highest ruling body in the party.
With this movethat promotion, Xi became the likely successor to Pres. Hu Jintaowas put on a short list of likely successors to Hu Jintao, general secretary of the CCP since 2002 and president of the People's Republic since 2003. Xi's status became more assured when in March 2008 he was elected vice president of the People's RepublicChina. In that role he focused on conservation efforts and on the improvement of improving international relations. In October 2010 Xi was named vice chairman of the powerful Central Military Commission , which further strengthened the case for his eventual succession.(CMC), a post once held by Hu (who since 2004 had been chair of the commission) and generally considered a major stepping-stone to the presidency. In November 2012, during the CCP's 18th party congress, Xi was again elected to the standing committee of the Political Bureau (reduced to seven members), and he succeeded Hu as general secretary of the party. At that time Hu also relinquished the chair of the CMC to Xi.