text:
Assessment |
Biopsychology |
Comparative |
Cognitive |
Developmental |
Language |
Individual differences |
Personality |
Philosophy |
Social |
Methods | Statistics | Clinical | Educational | Industrial | Professional items | World psychology |
Social psychology: Altruism · Attribution · Attitudes · Conformity · Discrimination · Groups · Interpersonal relations · Obedience · Prejudice · Norms · Perception · Index · Outline
Trait leadership is defined as integrated patterns of personality characteristics that reflect a range of individual differences and foster consistent leadership effectiveness across a variety of group and organizational situations (Zaccaro, Kemp, & Bader, 2004).
The theory of trait leadership developed from early leadership research which focused primarily on finding a group of heritable attributes that differentiated leaders from nonleaders. Leader effectiveness refers to the amount of influence a leader has on individual or group performance, followers' satisfaction, and overall effectiveness (Derue, Nahrgang, Wellman, & Humphrey, 2011). Many scholars have argued that leadership is unique to only a select number of individuals and that these individuals possess certain immutable traits that cannot be developed (Galton, 1869). Although this perspective has been criticized immensely over the past century, scholars still continue to study the effects of personality traits on leader effectiveness. Research has demonstrated that successful leaders differ from other people and possess certain core personality traits that significantly contribute to their success. Understanding the importance of these core personality traits that predict leader effectiveness can help organizations with their leader selection, training, and development practices (Derue et al., 2011).
History of research on trait leadership Edit
The emergence of trait leadership dates back to Thomas Carlyle's "great man" theory, which stated that "the history of the world was the biography of great men" (Carlyle, 1849). In other words - history is shaped by the forces of extraordinary leadership (Judge, Piccolo, & Kosalka, 2009). Influenced by Carlyle, Galton advanced this idea and found that leadership was a unique property of extraordinary individuals, and the traits leaders possessed were immutable and could not be developed. Throughout the early 1900s, the study of leadership focused on traits. Cowley (1931) commented that the approach to the research of leadership has usually been and should always be through the study of traits (Cowley, 1931). Many theorists were influenced by Carlyle and Galton and believed that trait leadership depended on the personal qualities of the leader; however, they did not assume that leadership only resides within a select number of people (Judge, Bono, Ilies, & Gerhardt, 2002). This trait perspective of leadership was virtually accepted until the late 1940s and early 1950s, when personality traits were deemed to be insufficient in predicting leader effectiveness (Stogdill, 1948; Mann, 1959).
In 1948, Stogdill stated that leadership exists between persons in a social situation, and that persons who are leaders in one situation may not necessarily be leaders in other situations. This statement has been cited ubiquitously as sounding the death knell for trait leadership theory. Furthermore, scholars commented that any trait's effect on leadership behavior will always depend on the situation (Huges, Ginnett, & Curphy, 1996; Yukl & Van Fleet, 1992). Subsequently, leadership stopped being characterized by individual differences, and behavioral and situational analyses of leadership took over and began to dominate the field of leadership research (Bass, 1990). During this period of widespread rejection, several dominant theories took the place of trait leadership theory, including Fiedler's (1967) contingency model, Blake and Mouton's (1964) managerial grid, Hersey and Blanchard's (1969) situational leadership model, and transformational and transactional leadership models (Avolio, Sosik, Jung, & Berson, 2003; Bass, 1985; Podsakoff, MacKenzie, Moorman, & Fetter, 1990).
Despite the growing criticisms of trait leadership, the purported basis for the rejection of trait leadership models began to be strongly challenged (Kenny & Zaccaro, 1983; Lord, DeVader, & Alliger, 1986) in the 1980s. Interestingly, Zaccaro (2007) pointed out that even Stogdill's (1948) review, although cited as evidence against leader traits, contained conclusions supporting that individual differences could still be predictors of leader effectiveness. With an increasing number of empirical studies directly supporting trait leadership (Judge et al., 2002; Judge, Colbert, & Ilies, 2004), traits have reemerged in the lexicon of scientific leadership research. In recent years, the research about leader traits has made some progress in identifying a list of personality traits that are highly predictive of leader effectiveness. Additionally, to account for the arguments for situational leadership, researchers have used the round-robin design methodology to test whether certain individuals emerge as leaders across multiple situations (Kenny & Zaccaro, 1983). Scholars have also proposed new ways of studying the relationship of certain traits to leader effectiveness. For instance, many are suggesting the integration of trait and behavioral theories to understand how traits are related to leader effectiveness (Derue et al, 2011). Furthermore, scholars have expanded their focus and have proposed looking at more malleable traits (ones that can be developed) in addition to the traditional dispositional traits as predictors of leader effectiveness (Hoffman, Woehr, Maldagen-Youngjohn, & Lyons, 2011).
Understanding traits Edit
Natural selection suggests that variations in individual personality traits are due to genetic mutations, and nature will select individuals with the "right" traits that are important for survival (Judge et al., 2009). In other words, genes are deciding what personality traits an individual will possess, and evolution is deciding which personality traits will be important for future survival. Traits can be defined as an individual's general characteristics including capacities, motives, or patterns of behavior (Kirkpatrick & Locke, 1991). In leadership terms, this means that "leaders are not like other people" (Kirkpatrick & Locke, 1991, p. 49). Instead, the genetic traits of an individual make them eligible to be a future leader, and they are subsequently selected into leadership positions because of their genetic traits. Judge and others (2009) proposed three theoretical perspectives that are helpful in understanding the basis and origin of traits and therefore trait leadership: evolutionary psychology, behavioral genetics, and socioanalytic theory. These three perspectives are by no means exhaustive about the realm of perspectives that could be relevant in understanding trait leadership.
Evolutionary psychology Edit
Evolutionary psychology provides reasons for the existence of certain traits in individuals as well as predicts which traits are in existence because they provide advantages for human survival, or in this case, leadership. According to evolutionary psychology, traits arise from a process of mutation and selection. For instance, Conscientiousness exists in human beings because prudence, planning, and diligence aid survival, and Agreeableness most likely exists because it fosters communal attachments and cooperation within and between groups (Judge et al., 2009). In the domain of leadership, evolutionary psychology supports many findings. Most important is the general idea that certain traits facilitate the emergence of leaders (e.g. Conscientiousness). Similarly, the absence of certain traits may keep an individual from emerging or being effective as a leader. Although evolutionary psychology supports the idea that certain traits help a leader emerge, it states that these are not necessarily the same traits that help a leader become effective.
Behavioral genetics Edit
All personality traits are heritable as indicated by Turkheimer (2000) who found that each broad personality trait contains a significant genetic source. In terms of leadership, scholars have found that the personalities associated with leadership are hereditary. Numerous studies have examined various measures of leadership -from indicators of leader emergence to leadership effectiveness – which show significant heritabilities, often in the 30%-60% range (Arvey, Rotundo, Johnson, Zhang, & McGue, 2006; Johnson, Vernon, Harris, & Jiang, 2004). However, Judge and others (2009) argued that personality traits are not just hereditary; instead, they also stem from the environment in which the individual grew up. He also noted that an individual's personality traits lead him/her to certain environments, and individuals with similar traits will oftentimes end up in similar environments. Complimenting this theory, many scholars have found that an individual's behavioral genetics and environmental factors are considered inseparable (Ilies, Arvey, & Bouchard, 2006). In summary, the potential for being a leader can be found in an individual's genes. These genetic predispositions oftentimes lead to these individuals seeking out leadership positions, being selected into leadership positions, and being effective in these leadership positions (Judge et al., 2009).
Socioanalytic perspective Edit
Socioanalytic theory (Hogan, 1983, 1996) refers to the extent to which success and attainment of success is predicted by individual differences. It assumes that individuals are mostly interested in getting along and getting ahead. Research has suggested that these motives are closely linked to personality. For example, Agreeable individuals are motivated to get along with others, and Conscientious and Extraverted individuals are motivated to get ahead (Barrick, Stewart, & Piotrowski, 2002). Scholars have noted that the motive of getting ahead is easier to link to leadership outcomes. In addition to linking personality traits to common motives of individuals, socioanalytic theory is also important in that it makes a distinction between identity and reputation. Judge and others (2009) argued that identity and reputation were equally as important to leaders since leader effectiveness oftentimes depends on how the leader is perceived by his/her followers.
Leader traits Edit
The investigations of leader traits are always by no means exhaustive (Zaccaro, 2007). In recent years, several studies have made comprehensive reviews about leader traits which have been historically studied (Derue et al., 2011; Hoffman et al., 2011; Judge et al., 2009; Zaccaro, 2007). There are many ways that traits related to leadership can be categorized; however, the two most recent categorizations have organized traits into (1) demographic vs. task competence vs. interpersonal and (2) distal (trait-like) vs. proximal (state-like). Both these categorizations are described below.
Demographic vs. task competence vs. interpersonal Edit
Based on a recent review of the trait leadership literature, Derue and others (2011) stated that most leader traits can be organized into three categories: demographic, task competence, and interpersonal attributes. For the demographics category, gender has by far received the most attention in terms of leadership; however, most scholars have found that male and female leaders are both equally effective. Task competence relates to how individuals approach the execution and performance of tasks (Bass & Bass, 2008). Hoffman grouped intelligence, Conscientiousness, Openness to Experience, and Emotional Stability into this category. Lastly, interpersonal attributes are related to how a leader approaches social interactions. According to Hoffman and others (2011), Extraversion and Agreeableness should be grouped into this category.
Distal (trait-like) vs. proximal (state-like) Edit
Recent research has shifted from focusing solely on distal (dispositional/trait-like) characteristics of leaders to more proximal (malleable/state-like) individual differences often in the form of knowledge and skills (Hoffman et al., 2011). The emergence of proximal traits in trait leadership theory will help researchers answer the ancient question: Are leaders born or made? Proximal individual differences suggest that the characteristics that distinguish effective leaders from non-effective leaders are not necessarily stable through the life-span, implying that these traits may be able to be developed. Hoffman and others (2011) examined the effects of distal vs. proximal traits on leader effectiveness. He found that distal individual differences of achievement motivation, energy, dominance, honesty/integrity, self-confidence, creativity, and charisma were strongly correlated with leader effectiveness. Additionally, he found that the proximal individual differences of interpersonal skills, oral communication, written communication, management skills, problem solving skills, and decision making were also strongly correlated with leader effectiveness. His results suggested that on average, distal and proximal individual differences have a similar relationship with effective leadership (Hoffman et al., 2011).
Model of trait leadership Edit
Zaccaro and colleagues (2004) created a model to understand leader traits and their influence on leader effectiveness/performance. This model, shown in the figure below, is based on other models of leader traits and leader effectiveness/performance (Mumford, Zaccaro, Harding, Fleishman, & Reiter-Palmon, 1993; Mumford, Zaccaro, Harding, et al., 2000) and rests on two basic premises about leader traits. The first premise is that leadership emerges from the combined influence of multiple traits as opposed to emerging from the independent assessment of traits. Zaccaro (2001) argued that effective leadership is derived from an integrated set of cognitive abilities, social capabilities, and dispositional tendencies, with each set of traits adding to the influence of the other. The second premise is that leader traits differ in their proximal influence on leadership. This model is a multistage one in which certain distal attributes (i.e., dispositional attributes, cognitive abilities, and motives/values) serve as precursors for the development of proximal personal characteristics (i.e., social skills, problem solving skills and expertise knowledge) (Ackerman & Humphreys, 1990; Barrick, Mitchell, & Stewart, 2003; Chen, Gully, Whiteman, & Kilcullen, 2000; Schneider, Hough, & Dunnette, 1996; Kanfer, 1990, 1992; Mumford, Zaccaro, Harding, et al., 2000). Adopting this categorization approach and based on several comprehensive reviews/meta-analysis of trait leadership in recent years (Derue et al., 2011; Hoffman et al., 2010; Judge et al., 2009; Zaccaro, 2007), we tried to make an inclusive list of leader traits (Table 1). However, the investigations of leader traits are always by no means exhaustive (Zaccaro, 2007), which means absolutely more leader traits should be added to this list by future researchers and readers of this article.
Figure 1: Model of Trait Leadership (Zaccaro, 2004)
|Extraversion (Distal - Dispositional)
|One dimension of Big-Five Personality Model; represents the tendency to be sociable, assertive, active, and to experience positive affects, such as energy and zeal. In Judge and other's (2002) meta-analysis, Extraversion was significantly positively related to leadership (r = .31).
|Agreeableness (Distal - Dispositional)
|One dimension of Big-Five Personality Model; refers to the tendency to be trusting, compliant, caring, and gentle. The relationship between Agreeableness and leadership is still ambiguous. In Judge and other's (2002) meta-analysis, Agreeableness was not significantly related to leadership (r = .08).
|Conscientiousness (Distal - Dispositional)
|One dimension of Big-Five Personality Model; it comprises of two related facets, namely achievement and dependability. In Judge and other's (2002) meta-analysis, Conscientiousness was significantly positively related to leadership (r = .28).
|Openness (Distal - Dispositional)
|One dimension of Big-Five Personality Model; the disposition to be imaginative, nonconforming, unconventional, and autonomous. In Judge and other's (2002) meta-analysis, Openness was found to be significantly positively related with leadership (r = .24).
|Neuroticism (Distal - Dispositional)
|One dimension of Big-Five Personality Model; represents the tendency to exhibit poor emotional adjustment and experience negative affects, such as anxiety, insecurity, and hostility. In Judge and other's (2002) meta-analysis, Neuroticism was significantly negatively correlated with (r = -.24).
|Honesty/integrity (Distal - Dispositional)
|Defined as the correspondence between work and deed, and as being truthful and non deceitful (Locke, 1991). In Hoffman and other's (2011) meta analysis, honesty/integrity was found to be positively related to leadership effectiveness (r = .29).
|Charisma (Distal - Dispositional)
|Charismatic leaders are able to influence followers by articulating a compelling vision for the future, arousing commitment to organizational objectives and inspiring commitment and a sense of self-efficacy among followers. Hoffman and others (2011) found it has a significant influence on leadership (r = .57).
|Intelligence (Distal - Cognitive Abilities)
|Intelligence is regarded as the most important trait in psychology. It has been identified as one of the most critical traits that must be possessed by all leaders (Judge et al., 2004).
|Creativity (Distal - Cognitive Abilities)
|Creativity has been proposed as an important component of effective leadership; Hoffman and others (2011) found a significant relationship between creativity and leader effectiveness (r = .31).
|Achievement motivation (Distal - Motive/Value)
|The motivation to achieve has been proved to have significant relationship with leader effectiveness (r = .23) (Judge et al., 2002).
|Need for power(Distal - Motive/Value)
|Characterized by the satisfaction leaders derive from exerting influence over the attitudes and behaviors of others. Need for power has a positive relationship with leader effectiveness (McClelland & Boyatzis, 1982).
|Oral/written communication (Proximal - Social Skills)
|Oral and written communication skills are found to be significantly correlated with leader effectiveness (Hoffman et al., 2011).
|Interpersonal skills (Proximal - Social Skills)
|Including a broad range of skills associated with un understanding of human behavior and the dynamics of groups (Locke, 1991; Yukl, 2006), interpersonal skills were found to be significantly correlated with leader effectiveness (Hoffman et al., 2011).
|General problem solving (Proximal - Problem Solving)
|General problem solving skills were found to be one of the factors most strongly correlated with leader effectiveness (Hoffman et al., 2011).
|Decision making (Proximal - Problem Solving)
|Decision skills were also found to be one of the factors most strongly correlated with leader effectiveness (Hoffman et al., 2011).
|Technical knowledge (Proximal - Expertise Knowledge)
|Technical knowledge includes methods, processes, and equipment for conducting the specialized activities of the managers' organizational unit (Yukl, 2006). It has been proved to be positively correlated with leader effectiveness (Bass, 1990).
|Management skills (Proximal - Expertise Knowledge)
|Given that leaders' key responsibilities involve coordinating the work of multiple constituents, the ability to manage is likely crucial to leader effectiveness. This relationship has also been proved significant (Hoffman et al., 2011).
Other models of trait leadership Edit
Multiple models have been proposed to explain the relationship of traits to leader effectiveness. Recently, integrated trait leadership models were put forward by summarizing the historical findings and reconciling the conflict between traits and other factors such as situations in determining effective leadership (Derue et al., 2011; Judge et al., 2009; Zaccaro, 2007). In addition to Zaccaro's Model of Leader Attributes and Leader Performance described in the previous section, two other models have emerged in recent trait leadership literature. The Leader Trait Emergence Effectiveness (LTEE) Model, created by Judge and colleagues (2009), combines the behavioral genetics and evolutionary psychology theories of how personality traits are developed into a model that explains leader emergence and effectiveness. Additionally, this model separates objective and subjective leader effectiveness into different criterion. The authors created this model to be broad and flexible as to diverge from how the relationship between traits and leadership had been studied in past research. Another model that has emerged in the trait leadership literature is the Integrated Model of Leader Traits, Behaviors, and Effectiveness (Derue et al., 2011). This model combines traits and behaviors in predicting leader effectiveness and tested the mediation effect of leader behaviors on the relationship between leader traits and effectiveness. The authors found that some types of leader behaviors mediated the effect between traits and leader effectiveness. The results of Derue and colleages' (2011) study supported an integrated trait-behavioral model that can be used in future research.
Criticisms of trait leadership Edit
Although there has been an increased focus by researchers on trait leadership, this theory remains one of the most criticized theories of leadership. Over the years, many reviewers of trait leadership theory have commented that this approach to leadership is "too simplistic" (Conger & Kanugo, 1998), and "futile" (House & Aditya, 1997). Additionally, scholars have noted that trait leadership theory usually only focuses on how leader effectiveness is perceived by followers (Lord et al., 1986) rather than a leader's actual effectiveness (Judge et al., 2009). Because the process through which personality predicts the actual effectiveness of leaders has been relatively unexplored (Ng, Ang, & Chan, 2008), these scholars have concluded that personality currently has low explanatory and predictive power over job performance and cannot help organizations select leaders who will be effective (Morgeson & Ilies, 2007). Furthermore, Derue and colleagues (2011) found that leader behaviors are more predictive of leader effectiveness than are traits.
Another criticism of trait leadership is its silence on the influence of the situational context surrounding leaders (Ng et al., 2008). Stogdill (1948) found that persons who are leaders in one situation may not be leaders in another situation. Complimenting this situational theory of leadership, Murphy (1941) wrote that leadership does not reside in the person, and it usually requires examining the whole situation. In addition to situational leadership theory, there has been growing support for other leadership theories such as transformational, transactional, charismatic, and authentic leadership theories. These theories have gained popularity because they are more normative than the trait and behavioral leadership theories (Schaubroeck, Lam, & Cha, 2007).
Further criticisms include the failure of studies to uncover a trait or group of traits that are consistently associated with leadership emergence or help differentiate leaders from followers (Kenny & Zacarro, 1983). Additionally, trait leadership's focus on a small set of personality traits and neglect of more malleable traits such as social skills and problem solving skills has received considerable criticism. Lastly, trait leadership often fails to consider the integration of multiple traits when studying the effects of traits on leader effectiveness (Zaccaro, 2007).
Implications for practice Edit
Given the recent increase in evidence and support of trait leadership theory (Ng et al., 2008), scholars have suggested a variety of strategies for human resource departments within organizations. Companies should use personality traits as selection tools for identifying emerging leaders (Ng et al., 2008). These companies, however, should be aware of the individual traits that predict success in leader effectiveness as well as the traits that could be detrimental to leader effectiveness. For example, while Derue and colleagues (2011) found that individuals who are high in Conscientiousness, Extraversion, and Agreeableness are predicted to be more likely to be perceived as successful in leadership positions, Judge, Woolf, Hurst, & Livingston (2006) wrote that individuals who are high in narcissism are more likely to be a liability in certain jobs. Narcissism is just one example of a personality trait that should be explored further by HR practitioners to ensure they are not placing individuals with certain traits in the wrong positions.
Complimenting the suggestion that personality traits should be used as selection tools, Judge and colleagues (2002) found that the Big Five Personality traits were more strongly related to leadership than intelligence. This finding suggests that selecting leaders based on their personality is more important than selecting them based on intelligence. If organizations select leaders based on intelligence, it is recommended by Judge and colleagues (2002) that these individuals be placed in leadership positions when the stress level is low and the individual has the ability to be directive.
Another way in which HR practitioners can use the research on trait leadership is for leadership development programs. Although inherent personality traits (distal/trait-like) are relatively immune to leadership development, Zaccaro (2007) suggested that proximal traits (state-like) will be more malleable and susceptible to leadership development programs. Companies should use different types of development interventions to stretch the existing capabilities of their leaders (Zaccaro, 2007).
See also Edit
- Big Five personality traits
- Fiedler contingency model
- Human resources
- Individual differences psychology
- Leadership
- Leadership Character Model
- Leadership development
- Personality psychology
- Situational leadership theory
- Trait theory
- Transformational leadership
- Transactional leadership
References Edit
Ackerman, P. L., & Humphreys, L. G. (1990). Individual differences in industrial
- and organizational psychology. Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology,
- Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). (pp. 223-282). Palo Alto, CA, US: Consulting Psychologists Press.
Arvey, R. D., Rotundo, M., Johnson, W., Zhang, Z., & McGue, M. (2006). The determinants
- of leadership role occupancy: Genetic and personality :factors. The Leadership
- Quarterly, 17, 1-20.
Avolio, B. J., Sosik, J. J., Jung, D. I., & Berson, Y. (2003). Leadership models, methods,
- and applications. Handbook of psychology: Industrial and organizational psychology,
- Vol. 12. (pp. 277-307). Hoboken, NJ, US: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Barrick, M. R., Stewart, G. L., & Piotrowski, M. (2002). Personality and job performance:
- Test of the mediating effects of motivation among :sales representatives. Journal of
- Applied Psychology, 87(1), 43-51.
Barrick, M. R., Mitchell, T. R., & Stewart, G. L. (2003). Situational and motivational
- influences on trait– behavior relationships. In M. R.
Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. New York, NY: Free
- Press.
Bass, B. M. (1990). Bass & Stogdill's handbook of leadership: Theory, research, and
- managerial applications (3rd ed.). New York, NY, US: Free :Press.
Bass, B. M. & Bass, R. (2008). The Bass handbook of leadership: Theory, research, and
- managerial applications (4th ed.). New York: Free Press.
Blake, R.; Mouton, J. (1964). The Managerial Grid: The Key to Leadership Excellence.
- @Houston: :Gulf Publishing Co..
Carlyle, T. (1849). On heroes, hero-worship, and the heroic in history. Boston:
- Houghton-Mifflin.
Chen, G., Gully, S. M., Whiteman, J.-A., & Kilcullen, R. N. (2000). Examination of re-
- lationships among trait-like individual differences, state-like individual differences,
- and learning performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(6), 835-847.
Conger, J. A., & Kanungo, R. N. (1998). Charismatic leadership in organizations. Thousand
- Oaks, CA, US: Sage Publications, Inc.
Cowley, W. H. (1931). The traits of face-to-face leaders. The Journal of Abnormal and Social
- Psychology, 26(3), 304-313.
Derue, D. S., Nahrgang, J. D., Wellman, N., & Humphrey, S. E. (2011). Trait and
- behavioral theories - of leadership: An integration and :meta‐analytic test of their
- relative validity. Personnel Psychology, 4(1), 7-52.
Fiedler, F. E. (1967). Style of leadership and performance of coaching groups. Zeitschrift
- für Experimentelle und Angewandte Psychologie, 14(2), 200-217.
Galton, F. (1869). Hereditary genius. New York: Appleton.
Hersey, P., & Blanchard K. H. (1969). Management of organizational behavior. Upper Saddle River,
- NJ: Prentice Hall.
Hoffman, B. J., Woehr, D. J., Maldagen-Youngjohn, R., & Lyons, B. D. (2011). Great man
- or greatvmyth? A quantitative review of the :relationship between individual differences
- and leader effectiveness. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology,
- 84(2), 347-381.
Hogan, R. (1983). A socioanalytic theory of personality. In M. M. Page (Ed.), 1982
- Nebraska symposium on motivation (pp. 55−89). Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.
Hogan, R. (1996). A socioanalytic perspective on the five-factor model. In J. S. Wiggins
- (Ed.), The five-factor model of personality (pp. 163−179). New York: Guilford Press.
House, R. J., & Aditya, R. N. (1997). The social scientific study of leadership: Quo-
- vadis? Journal of Management, 23(3), 409-473.
Hughes, R. L., Ginnett, R. C., & Curphy, G. J. (1996). Leadership. Boston: Irwin McGraw-Hill.
Ilies, R., Arvey, R. D., & Bouchard, T. J. (2006). Darwinism, behavioral genetics, and
- organizational behavior, A review and agenda for future research. Journal of
- Organizational Behavior, 27(2), 121-141.
Johnson, A. M., Vernon, P. A., Harris, J. A., & Jang, K. L. (2004). A behavioral
- investigation of the relationship between leadership and personality. Twin Research,
- 7, 27−32.
Judge, T. A., Bono, J. E., Ilies, R., & Gerhardt, M. W. (2002). Personality and leadership:
- A qualitative and quantitative review. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 765-780.
Judge, T. A., Colbert, A. E., & Ilies, R. (2004). Intelligence and Leadership: A Quantitative
- Review and Test of Theoretical Propositions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(3), 542-552.
Judge, T. A., Piccolo, R. F., & Kosalka, T. (2009). The bright and dark sides of leader
- traits, A review and theoretical extension of the leader trait paradigm. The Leadership
- Quarterly, 20(6), 855-875.
Judge, T. A., Woolf, E. F., Hurst, C., & Livingston, B. (2006). Charismatic and Transforma-
- tional Leadership, A Review and an Agenda for Future Research. Zeitschrift für Arbeits-
- und Organisationspsychologie, 50(4), 203-214.
Kanfer, R. (1990). Motivation theory and industrial and organizational psychology. In M. D.
- Dunnette & L. Hough (Eds.), Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology (2nd ed.,
- Vol. 1, pp. 75–170). Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
Kanfer, R. (1992). Work motivation: New directions in theory and research. In C. L. Cooper
- & I. T. Robertson (Eds.), International review of industrial and organizational psychology
- (Vol. 7, pp. 1–53). New York: Wiley.
Kenny, D. A., & Zaccaro, S. J. (1983). An estimate of variance due to traits in leadership.
- Journal of Applied Psychology, 68(4), 678-685.
Kirkpatrick, S. A., & Locke, E. A. (1996). Direct and indirect effects of three core chari-
- smatic leadership components on performance and :attitudes. Journal of Applied Psychology,
- 81(1), 36-51.
Locke, E. A. (1991). The essence of leadership: The four keys to leading successfully. New
- York: Lexington Books.
Lord, R. G., De Vader, C. L., & Alliger, G. M. (1986). A meta-analysis of the relation between
- personality traits and leadership perceptions: :An application of validity generalization
- procedures. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71, 402–410.
Mann, R. D. (1959). A review of the relationship between personality and performance in small
- groups. Psychological Bulletin, 56, 241–270.
McClelland, D. C., & Boyatzis, R. E. (1982). Leadership motive pattern and long-term success
- in management. Journal of Applied Psychology, 67(6), 737-743.
Morgeson, F. P., & Ilies, R. (2007). Correlations between leadership traits and leadership
- styles. Unpublished raw data. Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
Mumford, M. D., Zaccaro, S. J., Harding, F. D., Fleishman, E. A., & Reiter-Palmon, R. (1993).
- Cognitive and temperament predictors of executive ability: Principles for developing
- leadership capacity. Alexandria, VA: U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and
- SocialSciences.
Mumford, M. D., Zaccaro, S. J., Harding, F. D., Jacobs, T. O., & Fleishman, E. A. (2000).
- Leadership skills for a changing world: Solving complex social problems. The Leadership
- Quarterly, 11(1), 11-35.
Murphy, A. J. (1941). A study of the leadership process. American Sociological Review, 6,
- 674-687.
Ng, K.-Y., Ang, S., & Chan, K.-Y. (2008). Personality and leader effectiveness: A moderated
- mediation model of leadership self-efficacy, job demands, and job autonomy. Journal of
- Applied Psychology, 93(4), 733-743.
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Moorman, R. H., & Fetter, R. (1990). Transformational
- leader behaviors and their effects on followers' trust in leader, satisfaction, and
- organizational citizenship behaviors. The Leadership Quarterly, 1(2), 107-142.
Schaubroeck, J., Lam, S. S. K., & Cha, S. E. (2007). Embracing transformational leadership:
- Team values and the impact of leader behavior on :team performance. Journal of Applied
- Psychology, 92(4), 1020-1030.
Schneider, R. J., Hough, L. M., & Dunnette, M. D. (1996). Broadsided by broad traits: How
- to sink science in five dimensions or less. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 17(6),
- 639-655.
Stogdill, R. M. (1948). Personal factors associated with leadership: A survey of the lite-
- rature. Journal of Psychology, 25, 35–71.
Turkheimer, E. (2000). Three laws of behavior genetics and what they mean. Current Direc-
- tions in Psychological Science, 9(5), 160-164.
Yukl G. (2006). Leadership in organizations. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Yukl, G., & Van Fleet, D. D. (1992). Theory and research on leadership in organizations.
- Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology, Vol. 3 (2nd ed.). (pp. 147-197).
- Palo Alto, CA, US: Consulting Psychologists Press.
Zaccaro, S. J. (2001). The nature of executive leadership: A conceptual and empirical
- analysis of success. Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.
Zaccaro, S. J. (2007). Trait-based perspectives of leadership. American Psychologist, 62(1),
- 6-16.
Zaccaro, S. J., Kemp, C., & Bader, P. (2004). Leader traits and attributes. The nature of
- leadership. (pp. 101-124). Thousand Oaks, CA, US: :Sage Publications, Inc.
|This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors).


text:
Sony SLT-A37 PreviewThursday May 17 2012 Sensor Preview
The Sony SLT-Alpha 37 entry-level APS-C replaces the Sony SLT-A35 in Sony's product line, but its design is very comparable to the Sony A33. Just like its predecessor and its bigger brother the Sony SLT A57, the A37 is based on Sony's semi transparent mirror system.
Targeting the lower part of the market, it still offers a 16.1 megapixel sensor, the last Bionz processing chip, a QVGA screen of 2.7", ISO settings up to 16,000 ISO, an integrated flash, a burst rate up to 7 fps and video recording at 1080p/60i and 1080p/24. Available end of May for 500 euros, 600 euros with a 18-55 mm, 800 euros with a 55-200 mm and 18-55 mm or a 18-135 mm.
(to be continued)
Further readings for the Sony SLT-A37 Preview
To provide photographers with a broader perspective about mobiles, lenses and cameras, here are links to articles, reviews, and analyses of photographic equipment produced by DxOMark, renown websites, magazines or blogs.
Today, Sony announced 2 new entry level cameras both in their hybrid range with the Sony NEX-F3 and in their DSLR range with the Sony SLT-Alpha 37.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
But the photographer Cecil Beaton said Maxime was the only truly chic Englishwoman of her generation.
He was a plantation houseboy in Virginia and did, as Cecil does in the film, leave in the pursuit of better employment.
Sean, like Daniel, is a son of the poet Cecil Day-Lewis, but they have different mothers.
Almost 50 years later, Cecil wears that very tie to the White House when he goes to meet Barack Obama for the first time.
The Daily Beast interviewed two of the three accusers at length, Sheldon Stevens and Cecil Singleton.
Cecil had entered and was making his way to the Queen, followed by two strangers.
But when they were fairly started on their journey Cecil was for a while inconsolable.
Cecil would not have been so strong against the risk and imprudence, if her wishes had been the other way.
His study is so apart, he is writing, or out on business, or walking with Cecil.
Molly moves as though she would go to him; but Cecil, laying her hand upon her arm, wisely restrains her.
masc. proper name, from Latin Caecilius (fem. Caecilia), name of a Roman gens, from caecus "blind."
Cocaine (1930s+ Narcotics)


text: Try our new High Def 3-D Smart Makeup High def because of the pure pigments. 3-D because of the Depth of Color. Smart because you can use them for so many different things! Mineral Pigment Bases. 12 Collections each with 6 coordinating shades. Use them for eye shadow, lipstick, highlighter, blush, bronzer, temporary hair color and even nail polish! No parabens, no petroleum ingredients, no ingredients to clog your pores! Just Mica Minerals oxidized to give beautiful shades of nature.


text:
UCLA Cancer Survivor Education Day 2013
UCLA LIVESTRONG Survivorship Center of Excellence
Saturday, May 18, 2013 at 9:00 AM (PDT)
Event Details
Saturday, May 18th 9:00am-1:15pm
Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center Tamkin Auditorium, located on the B-Level
Admission: $5 at the door
Event Details: Come join us for our seventh annual event for cancer survivors and their loved ones to learn about the latest information and research on cancer survivorship issues! We will have expert speakers on many survivorship topics, such as:
· Survivorship Care Plans
· Cardiovascular Health After Cancer
· Psychosocial Issues After Cancer
· Cognitive Changes After Cancer
Also enjoy our resource tables with FREE cancer survivorship materials for you to take home from our partner organizations.
Coffee, tea, juice and light refreshments will be provided.
***NEW! UCLA's Young Breast Cancer Survivorship Program will host a special afternoon session from 1:15pm – 3:30pm. The session will cover various psychosocial issues such as: Fear of Recurrence, Coping with the "New Normal" After Treatment, Relationships & Communication, and special emphasis on Sexuality & Intimacy.
Seating is VERY limited, so please register today to save your place!
Once you have registered on Eventbrite you are all set! Admission is $5 at the door.
Location: Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center Tamkin auditorium, located on the B-level. Parking is in Parking Structure 8, level 4 ($11). Please do not park in the Medical Center parking lot.
Directions to the Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center
From the San Diego Freeway (405):
From the north, exit Wilshire East; or from the south, exit Wilshire Westwood. Turn left on Westwood Blvd. and go straight past Le Conte Avenue (the street becomes Westwood Plaza). The hospital is on the left, past UCLA Medical Plaza. Continue straight until you see Parking Structure 8 on your left-hand side and drive up to level 4. Parking attendants will be available for you to purchase your parking pass for $11. Please do not park in the Medical Center parking lot.
From the East via the 10 (Santa Monica Freeway):
Take 10 (Santa Monica Freeway) East to 405 (San Diego Freeway) North, and exit on Wilshire Boulevard east. Continue as described above.
A map to the Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center can be found here: http://www.uclahealth.org/body.cfm?id=289
Once you have parked, exit the parking structure and walk south to the entrance to the Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center. Enter the building and take the elevator or stairs down to the B-level.
For more information, please contact Vickie Williams at (310) 794-5818 or email@example.com
When & Where
Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center
Tamkin Auditorium, B-Level
757 Westwood Plaza
Los Angeles,
Saturday, May 18, 2013 at 9:00 AM (PDT)
Add to my calendar


text:
What's Trending: July 24th
|[guys]Guys don't have as many sites as women to browse all day. Guyism has everything they need - news, information, and entertainment. There was a recipe for Oreo Lasagna, 50 pics to brighten your day, the best things on the web, health tips, sports, music, celebs and SO MUCH MORE. They're ll over the place in a good way! Ladies - it's totally worth checking out. shh don't tell the guys!
|[style]Our Intern George knows some of the hottest trends. He told me about Michelle Madonna who created a line of flower headbands after traveling to shows like Coachella and Lollapalooza. She calls them "halos", the flowers are perfectly designed and come in different colors and styles. She sells them at ThatMadonnaGirl.com
Source: appzoom.com
|[app]The Little Lingo app will test your skills on internet and texting language things like IDK, LMK, BTW but then there are really hard hard ones. You can immediately post to Instagram to get feedback from your friends. I am having trouble figuring out what the hell IRL means?! Download for Android too!


text:
Results 1 to 3 of 3
Thread: Spam settings
5th March 2012 06:15 AM #1
Spam settings
We have been having problems with new members having difficulty joining due to our spam settings. It is a difficult balancing act - if the settings are too tight some legitimate members are prevented from joining. If they are too loose spammers take advantage. We trialled some different settings overnight and unfortunately the forum was subjected to some some unsavoury posts (all of which have been removed). I have requested to try some new settings - so hopefully the spam will stop again.
7th March 2012 05:23 AM #2
18th August 2016 05:44 AM #3
- Join Date
- Aug 2016
- Posts
- 5
thank you for you kind step.


text:
AMES, Iowa — Visitors to this year's Iowa State Fair, Aug. 8-18, can discover more with Iowa State University Extension and Outreach. Extension and Outreach can be found all across the fairgrounds during the annual event.
The discovery can be kicked off with the ISU Extension and Outreach scavenger hunt that takes participants to various Extension and Outreach locations. Fairgoers may pick up an entry form at the 4-H Exhibits Building or Grandfather's Barn. Each of six locations has a keyword sign that participants can record, and with all six keywords, they can enter online for a chance to win an iPad.
Fairgoers are encouraged to show their Cyclone pride on Friday, Aug. 9, by wearing cardinal and gold to the fair! ISU Extension and Outreach will be at the 4-H Exhibits Building, Grandfather's Barn and Discovery Garden handing out reusable shopping bags starting at noon, until supplies are gone. Cy will be making appearances at those locations as well.
See how Iowa State University is "Framing the Future of Iowa" at the Iowa State exhibit located inside the Varied Industries Building. Photo and video content is displayed on 22 iPads and iPad minis and four large video screens in an art gallery setting, divided into three major themes: educating students who become successful alumni; providing research and outreach programs that benefit citizens; and offering entertainment and cultural opportunities.
Fairgoers can find out how ISU Extension and Outreach is helping with Iowa's growing wine industry at Grandfather's Barn and the Iowa Wine Experience. ISU extension viticulture specialists will be on hand to answer questions, and daily grape stomps allow everyone to get in on the fun.
Thousands of youth from across the state will be participating in the 2013 Iowa State Fair with exhibits, presentations and competitions. The 4-H Exhibits Building features more than 4,000 exhibits from Iowa 4-H'ers, and 4-H agricultural exhibits at the Iowa State Fair include beef, dairy, dog, horse, horticulture, poultry, rabbit, sheep and swine. In addition:
ISU Extension and Outreach is once again partnering with the Des Moines Register to bring fairgoers the Food Finder app for iOS devices and mobile Web. The Food Finder app provides fair goers with an easy way to find the food and vendors they are looking for, as well as the nutritional information for popular menu items. Information also is included on the activity to burn off calories, and a calendar of events is included with a focus on "healthy" events. The app can be downloaded from the App Store.


text:
SuperMediaStore offers a tremendous selection of CD-R media to fulfill all your storage and duplication needs. We offer 9 brands, including LINKYO, Taiyo-Yuden, Ritek-Ridata, and Verbatim, in branded, laquered, and other various surfaces. Our CD-Rs can be found in 25-100 packs and in recording speeds from 12x to 52x.
SuperMediaStore backs each purchase of CD-R media with a 30 day satisfaction guarantee!


text:
David MilazzoAffiliation:
David plays soprano, alto, tenor, and baritone saxophone
and clarinet and flute.
He is a Conn-Selmer artist and endorses Yanagisawa
Artist's Biography
David auditioned and gained placement in the Windham Swing Band in 2005 at age 11 on alto, while simultaneously excelling in clarinet to the point of making A ratings in all of the local NHMEA Solo and Ensemble competitions in each instrument, as well as first chair clarinet in the NHMEA Middle School Festival in 2006. The summers of 2006 and 2007 found him at the Jamey Aebersold Jazz Camp, studying with the likes of Lida Baker and her husband, legendary jazz musician David Baker, who remarked, upon hearing him play, "Man, you sure know how to put air in that horn!". In the eighth grade, 2008, brought David into contact with local piano prodigy, Michael Sink, from Concord, NH, and the two brought Londonderry, NH's Tupelo Hall to its feet with their dynamic duo: "Two fourteen year-olds who are not just good. This may be the best act you see this year anywhere! In twenty years of hosting open mics I have never seen a standing ovation for a two song set until these guys got 100+ folks on their feet with rousing and enthusiastic applause!" said Robert Haigh, Host.
Freshman year of high school, 2009, was a turning point, as when he performed with the Bow High School's jazz band, while playing at the Berklee H.S. Jazz Festival in February, he won the "Judges Choice Award", as well as a the "Special Citation for Outstanding Musicianship" at the 2009 Clark Terry UNH Jazz Festival that April. That March, he received a full tuition-paid scholarship to the Berklee College's Five Week Summer Program. He also began to perform in Boston at several venues including "Slades" and "Ryles" with the likes of Frank Wilkins and Bobby Tynes. The following March, 2010, he was awarded the highest award available and was selected to be one of 14 at the Berklee College's Summer Five Week program, a fully paid spot in its Jazz Workshop, with Terri Lynn Carrington, recording multiple CDs and performing with numerous ensembles. In 2011, David was selected to participate in the Dave Brubeck Institute Summer Jazz Colony, where he was one of three saxophonists selected for the weeklong intensive, having the opportunity to study and work with artists such as Ingrid Jenson and Chris Cheek. Further, he was a finalist for the 3 year fully paid Brubeck Institute Fellowship Program. In 2012, David was chosen to tour Nagoya, Tokyo, Noto and Tomisato, Japan with the Monterey Next Generation Jazz Orchestra. He participated in the ten day Vail Jazz Summer Workshop at the Vail Jazz Festival, working with notable artists such as Lewis Nash, Wycliffe Gordon, John and Jeff Clayton. In the fall of 2012, David was awarded the Berklee College of Music Presidential Scholarship, which was given to only five out approximately 6,000 applicants. The Presidential Scholarship provides for all expenses for four years of study. Late summer of 2010 found him on stage with Frank Wilkins and his group, playing for the "Berklee BeanTown Jazz Festival" in Boston, where he had a "battle of the saxes" with alto saxophonist Pat Loomis, to the delight of the crowd! Recent venues include Yoshi's San Francisco, Monterey Jazz Festival, "Tokyo TUC" (Tokyo,Japan), New York City's "Cleopatra's Needle" and the "Jazz Standard." Throughout, David has played for various charity events such as the "Partnership for Successful Living" in Nashua, NH, and recorded at the "Acton Jazz Café" in Acton, MA, traveled to the Vermont Jazz Center for jam sessions, and he has been the focus of Brattleboro's home concert series in which he collaborated with the Director of the Vermont Jazz Centers Eugene Uman and others. Since starting at Berklee, David has participated in numerous ensembles and activities around Berklee, and has recorded on multiple student recitals, EP's and albums in the Boston area. During the Summer of 2013 David was a regular solo performer at "The Jazz Bar" in Laconia, New Hampshire, and will be touring with the "Thinkin' Big Band" including performances in Montreal, Ottawa, Toronto, Canada; Buffalo and Rochester, NY and Providence, RI.
In sum, David's teacher Harry Skoler, Professor at the Berklee College of Music put it this way: "David's command, not only of the instrument, but also of the ability to communicate profound beauty in the language of music is a wonder to behold!"


text: 1 in 4 women will experience domestic violence at some point during their lifetime. This is a statistic that can't be ignored. During Domestic Violence Awareness Month (DVAM) 2010, DCCADV kicked of a 1-in-4 awareness campaign to shed light on the harsh reality of what is going on in our communities with the hope of taking a united stand against it.


text:
Originally Posted on Envato Notes
April 2nd was a big day for the Envato team as we launched the open Beta of our new marketplace for freelance services, Microlancer. You can now freely explore the site and buy services!
Microlancer allows those interested in digital creative services like logo design or photo retouching to easily connect with freelancers who have these skills. By creating a platform which allows freelancers to operate their own virtual store-front and to spell out all of the terms of their service upfront to customers, we are taking a different approach to the model used on many other freelance marketplaces.
The focus of the site is to make everything easier for both the buyer and freelancer. A buyer knows everything that they will get upfront, things like how much a service costs and how many revisions they will get. The freelancer doesn't have to bid for jobs or actively compete against other freelancers for the same job – instead, buyers choose who they want to work with directly based on their service offering. Collis (Envato's CEO) explained it this way:
Freelance marketplaces are a billion dollar industry, but current sites are virtually all based on the premise of quoting for a job. It's like going to a hairdresser and having them bid and quote on your particular hair. Some types of service work are better done with fixed price, fixed services. We're bringing that mindset to creative / tech freelancing.We launched Microlancer in a private Beta just over a month ago and the feedback we received from our users during that stage has been instrumental in helping us get the site ready for this open Beta – so a big thank you from all of us on the Microlancer team to everyone who has participated and provided us with feedback! We intend to continue with this demand-driven development after the public launch and ongoing. A big focus in the coming months for the team will be deciding which creative fields to expand into after launch, a choice which will be largely guided by what our buyers and service providers are asking for (video based services are looking to be a hot contender for an area we'll be moving into soon!).
Microlancer is available now for everyone to use in public Beta. Currently we are focusing on services in the creative and graphic design categories, but we're looking to rapidly expand this offering. If you're interested in selling creative services on Microlancer, you can register your interest in becoming a service provider.
Want to explore the services available right now? Take a look at what our service providers can do for you!
Congratulation, Microlancer Team for the open beta. We're happy being involved in it. Thanks.
BTW, some questions:
- Is there any chance in the future for referral / affiliate program (like other marketplace) so service providers can get additional revenue by driving their own clients to Microlancer ? (I mean like using Microlancer's service & technology as mediator of their own projects with their own clients)
- Is there any written legal agreement that bound clients so they are not allowed to modify and re-sell service provider's work ?
- Will service provider's sales counted / accumulated with sales on other Envato marketplace (to define commision percentage and paw badges) ?
Are you going to add more categories (not only design related) shortly? In open beta? After official launch?
Hello, as a newcomer to the freelance domain I need some help. If your service is required should you post sketch versions before or after you start the job.
I'm thinking that I should add one sketch of what I can do before I start the job so that he can understand my limitations and not disappoint but on the other hand he can copy the sketches and leave me in the dust.
Or should I Start the Job and if he does not like something along the way can I decline working without losing a form of respect that comes with "enter in a dispute".
Please advise me.
A video editing category would be nice for those who buy videohive stuff and needs things changed. I would use that category for sure when it's added.
I like you progress! I think that Microlancer will be on the top soon!
wptitans said
A video editing category would be nice for those who buy videohive stuff and needs things changed. I would use that category for sure when it's added.
+1 I wonder why video editing category is not added?
addeystock said
+1 I wonder why video editing category is not added?
I'm also waiting for that category..,
Any active jobs, someone? Or it's not available at this time?
DragonSigh said
Any active jobs, someone? Or it's not available at this time?
I got the job the but i'm little frustrated there is no NOTIFICATION! that job is PENDING
Client is waiting 2 days awwwwww.
@Jordan – do you want me to send email about this issue?


text:
Holtkoetter lamps feature world-class German engineering and design. This contemporary halogen pharmacy floor lamp can be tilted from the base or positioned straight up depending on your task. Extended dimmer switch on the center column lets you easily control the light output. This model features ECO/IRC energy saving technology and a stylish satin nickel finish.
Holtkoetter is one of only a handful of companies left which designs and manufactures their own fixtures from raw materials to finished product. The resulting lamps and chandeliers feature craftsmanship and quality to be admired. The designers at Holtkoetter strive to combine form and function, just like their forefathers at the Bauhaus school. Holtkoetter lighting is sleek and streamlined with beautiful metal finishes. The clean, elegant forms embody contemporary design principles and offer striking beauty that will enhance your decor.
Our team has over 100 years combined experience with contemporary lighting.
Every EuroStyleLighting.com order is backed by our 100% Satisfaction Pledge.
Shipping and Delivery Information - For item EUU7564 if ordered by 1 pm Pacific Time


text:
Lawrence Cross, MA, MSW, LCSW
Licensed Psychotherapist/Clinical Social Worker
211 West Neshannock Ave., New Wilmington, Pennsylvania 16142
Sometimes relationship conflicts and individual differences seem insurmountable. This can be especially so when we lack insight and compassion into not only ourselves and our own childhoods, but the developmental/family origins of our partner's behavior. When we understand the deeper meanings residing in the maladaptive behavior of our partner, we are less likely to personalize/internalize their struggles and accept their blaming projections. Moreover, we can begin relating in a compassionate manner as opposed to anger or rage. Our approach to helping couples will invigorate a new spirit of "partnership" where "keeping score" or "needing to be right" will be a dynamic of the past.


text:
Frequently Asked Questions About Celiac Disease 09/30/2015This Celiac.com FAQ on celiac disease will guide you to all of the basic information you will need to know about the disease, its diagnosis, testing methods, a gluten-free diet, etc. Subscribe to FREE Celiac.com email alerts What are the major symptoms of celiac disease? Celiac Disease Symptoms What testing is available for celiac disease? - list blood tests, endo with biopsy, genetic test and enterolab (not diagnostic) Celiac Disease Screening Interpretation of Celiac Disease Blood Test Results Can I be tested even though I am eating gluten free? How long must gluten be taken for the serological tests to be meaningful? The Gluten-Free Diet 101 - A Beginner's Guide to Going Gluten-Free Is celiac inherited? Should my children be tested? Ten Facts About Celiac Disease Genetic Testing Is there a link between celiac and other autoimmune diseases? Celiac Disease Research: Associated Diseases and Disorders Is there a list of gluten foods to avoid? Unsafe Gluten-Free Food List (Unsafe Ingredients) Is there a list of gluten free foods? Safe Gluten-Free Food List (Safe Ingredients) Gluten-Free Alcoholic Beverages Distilled Spirits (Grain Alcohols) and Vinegar: Are they Gluten-Free? Where does gluten hide? Additional Things to Beware of to Maintain a 100% Gluten-Free Diet What if my doctor won't listen to me? An Open Letter to Skeptical Health Care Practitioners Gluten-Free recipes: Gluten-Free Recipes Where can I buy gluten-free stuff? Support this site by shopping at The Celiac.com Store.
Content count20
Last visited
clogger69 posted a topic in Gluten-Free Recipes - Baking & Cooking TipsI just had a surprising positive expierence at a hospital. I had to take my 18 year old granddaugahter to emergency at 6 am this moring, having stomach issues. This of course always takes hours. By 10 I wanted coffee and had a hope I could find a gluten free bread or bagel in their cafeteria. I ask and they went to the diatition and she had some bread. It was really good. She said they special order it and the name on the pakage said Food Inovations. I cannot find anything on line like that and wonder if anyone has heard of it?
clogger69 replied to clogger69's topic in Celiac Disease - Post Diagnosis, Recovery/Treatment(s)Thank you so much for these replys. I am sure the stew was ok and it was the herb. This is just the kind of information I felt I might find on this site. I had celiac for I am sure since 1992 when I gave my daughter a kidney. At that time this was a major surgery and a year before I was DX so was a first cousin. Back at that time I had never heard of celiac. I should have done my research first.
clogger69 posted a topic in Celiac Disease - Post Diagnosis, Recovery/Treatment(s)I am 73, DX 4 1/2 years ago. I had a very bad episode of throwing up at one year gluten free, and another at 2 year from accidentally eating gluten. It was terrible, get the bowl type of thing and when that happens you are very carefull not to have it happen again. Well last night it happened again and I was so sick. At 4 pm I had eaten some canned beef stew with rice. The can said gluten free. Then my granddaughter and I went to do some shopping.I had seen a repeat DR.Oz show on supplements to keep you young, which my 17 yr old granddaughter said, "well that train has left the station" nice kid Anyway I got a bottle of 400mg Astragalus and took one when I got home at 7:30ish. I was feeling not to good by10:30 and went to bed. The miniute I layed down I knew I was sick. I had 2 bouts of the bowl, and finally got to sleep. The supplement does not list anything with gluten, but to be that sick, I just wondered if anyone has had any experience with this. $10 bottle that I am affraid to try again
clogger69 replied to Adalaide's topic in Celiac Disease - Coping WithThis is an amazing post for me to just read. I am 72, dx March 09. I just had knee replacement surgery 7 weeks ago. I feel like I will never get any energy. The knee seems to be doing ok, just not the rest of me. Nausea, no appetite, food does not taste good, losing weight, anemic, just no energy. I believe the Celiac is playing a part in how hard this has been, and of course age This weekend is our local Blues Fest, great local musicians(Lansing, MI), headliners from Chicago & Detroit, and I cannot push for this one! I was/am a dancer, love the swing and nothing better for that than some Blues B)I will be there next year!!
clogger69 replied to mbrookes's topic in Gluten-Free Recipes - Baking & Cooking TipsI just made a lemon meringue pie using the cup4cup flour using same recipe(2c flour,2/3 shortening,1t of salt, 5-7 ice water), and I swear it is the best thing I have ate since being dx almost 3 years ago. The crust was delicious. I have only done two other pies and was not crazy about the crust. I am 71 and really missed doing the family pies! I got a free shipping deal, but still, $19.99 for 3lb of flour, but it was worth it. I spent a hour watching you-tube videos on how to roll gluten-free crust:)
clogger69 replied to clogger69's topic in Gluten-Free Foods, Products, Shopping & MedicationsI found a gluten free brand, the Now brand, and a local health store has it on order!
clogger69 posted a topic in Gluten-Free Foods, Products, Shopping & MedicationsThe Dr. Oz show had a segment on a antioxidant supplement called Astaxanthin and all the wonderful things in could do. I went right out to my local health store to purchase some, as had, it turns out everyone else in town. They had one bottle of one mg left, which I bought. It was Solaray brand. The bottle does not say gluten free, but I did not see anything that looked like gluten listed. I took a morning and eve dose with food. At 5:00 am I woke up very nauseated. Took another morning dose and by 3:00 am sick again. I called the 1-800 number and they said they cannot guarantee that there is no cross contamination so now I am afraid to take anymore. So far can't find a brand that says gluten fee.
clogger69 replied to realmaverick's topic in Celiac Disease - Coping WithI am 70 years old, dx March 2009. Did the same thing with the rice krispies, and corn flakes, was eating them at first. I just told my 14 yr old granddaughter last night what I miss most is my cereal snacks. Forget pizza, beer, hamburger, I want a bowl of my cereal. I also loved mini wheats, but I know there is no hope for them, but maybe Kellogg would come through for the rice krispies and corn flakes
clogger69 replied to masterjen's topic in Celiac Disease - Post Diagnosis, Recovery/Treatment(s)I don't know if this will help, I am in the older crowd on this board. When DX with Celiac in March 2009 I was told my Feb. 2009 blood work showed a 319. The nurse said this was high, which meant nothing to me being new to all of this. In May 2009 blood work showed 104. This is at gastro Dr. office. My primary Dr. that I see every 3-4 months is very good about doing regular blood work. So I was showing a steady down on the IgA. Sept.2009 was 25.4 and Jan. 2010 16.1. I was feeling good about this even though I don't feel good. Fatigue,joint pain, and I have gained 33lbs. Love carbs. I was not happy about the latest blood work of April 30, 2010. It was 19, up 3pts and I am so careful.My lab shows optimal range to be 0-10. The only thing I could think of that I was doing different was in the last 3 mo I have been having a bottle of diet A&W root beer every day. My understanding is that this is gluten free. I am going to stop the root beer and see what happens.
clogger69 replied to clogger69's topic in Celiac Disease - Post Diagnosis, Recovery/Treatment(s)Thank you for your reply's. I am thinking it was the pizza, as I had never had it before and I have had alcohol. I didn't feel all that great with alcohol but nothing like this.
clogger69 posted a topic in Celiac Disease - Post Diagnosis, Recovery/Treatment(s)I have never been this sick, pre or post celiac! Sunday I had for the first time a Amy's frozen pizza. About an hour later I decided to have a Mothers day treat and have a glass of my Arbor Mist Blackberry Merlot wine. I have never had the pizza before and had not had a glass of wine since DX March 2009. I have had a couple of screwdrivers and they did not make me sick. An hour later I was in absolute misery having to spend the evening with a "bowl" on my lap. This is Tuesday and I still feel weak and not well. My research on this site has shown people who say they have been sick from the pizza or red wine. I don't know which one it was or if it was or both, but neither will ever touch my lips again. It is scary for me to think I could be that sick and think I was being gluten free.
clogger69 replied to Streetlegal's topic in Celiac Disease - Post Diagnosis, Recovery/Treatment(s)I was DX March 2009 and making a sandwich like egg salad, pbj,etc. was a problem until I discovered Udi's bread. This works great!
clogger69 replied to 1morething's topic in Celiac Disease - Coping WithI was DX a year ago this month and have gained 30lb. I also love carbs, bread, mac & cheese. I was so physically active and now feel like I can hardly move. I do have knee issues from the dancing. I don't want to give up food I love but see I must do something
clogger69 replied to Nicole H.'s topic in Celiac Disease - Post Diagnosis, Recovery/Treatment(s)I was DX in March 2009. I am almost at a year. I have an appointment with the gastro Dr. in March. I see my primary physician every 3 months for other issues, blood pressure and osteoporosis. She does blood work every 3 months and my tissure transglutaminase number has gone from a 317 to 16.1, with 4.0 being the goal. Looks good on paper, but the problem is I mostly don't feel GOOD yet. I would not be happy to have to give up any more food. I like what I eat. Thank god there is not gluten in corn, as I have a bowl of popcorn popped in olive oil with a little sea salt every night. If that had been gluten you could take me out and shoot me I just hope I don't have any other autoimmune problems. I just know from these boards it can take longer than we would like sometimes and I am "older"
Hi Clogger69!
I am a big animal lover & I actually photograph pets for a living. I love it! Of course, I'm still recovering, so I'm not photographing too much right now, but hopfully soon. I have two cats too & they're so spoiled. My Bella is on the picture you seen. She's so funny. And black cats & dogs are hard to photograph. It's all in the ...


text:
YUCAIPA - Former San Bernardino County Supervisor Neil Derry has joined the public relations firm Desmond & Louis as senior vice president of public affairs.
In that job, he will be responsible for growing and managing that division of the company.
"We're obviously thrilled to add a person of Neil Derry's stature to the agency," said Nicole Desmond, the firm's CEO. "That growth of the public affairs division is a priority for us and something that we're confident that Neil Derry can help us accomplish."
Derry has served as a regional public affairs manager for Southern California Edison and has experience as a senior account executive in the public relations industry. He also has extensive experience managing political campaigns and has served as the executive director of the San Bernardino County Republican Party.
"I'm very pleased with the opportunity to join Desmond & Louis, a growing firm that has an impeccable record of integrity and of delivering results for their clients. I look forward to the opportunity to work with Lou and Nicole Desmond and the rest of the team to grow the public affairs division, which I know we can do successfully," Derry said.
Desmond & Louis has multiple divisions including: media relations, event management, social media and public affairs.
"I am here to expand the public affairs side of a very credible firm," Derry said. "We are going to be here to help businesses grow and bring investments into the area.
"Government has become complicated," Derry said. It can be a harrowing process to get through all the permits and regulations to open a business .... I can help businesses with any issues they have government agencies and personalities in the Inland Empire," he said.
Louis Desmond said the firm has decided to accept more campaign work, particularly initiatives and referendums and "selectively doing candidate campaign work."
In November, Derry lost a bid to James Ramos for a second term on the San Bernardino County Board of Supervisors.
Previously, he had been a member of the San Bernardino City Council.
In July 2011, he pleaded guilty to one misdemeanor count of failing to report a campaign contribution.
Derry said then that he was a victim of "political prosecution."
Reach Jim via email, call him at 909-386-3855, or find him on Twitter @JSteinbergsRoad.


text:
Ask yourself the question, "If I were an emcee, what would I rap about?" Your subject matter would probably cover a broad spectrum of topics that range from the mundane and trivial to the bizarre and fantastic. If you were asked to pen a rap song, you would most likely adhere to the writer's creed 'write what you know.' This is where hip-hop tends to lose its broad appeal. People don't want to listen to music they can't identify with. Violence, anger, and disregard are not subjects that most people want to immerse themselves in. Hip-hop was not designed to alienate; it was designed to unify. That's where Heath McNease enters.
Heath McNease is the antithesis of what you might expect when you think about hip-hop. He is so far removed from the exploits of the rap game that some may think his inclusion in hip-hop is oxymoronic. How can someone effectively write rap lyrics when their main musical influences are The Beatles and Simon and Garfunkel?
The answer is by writing what he knows. Heath's subject matter on his debut album, The Heath McNease Fanclub Meets Tonight, reflects the ebb and flow of his everyday life as an average Joe trying to stay true to himself. Here's the truth: he recently graduated with his BFA in theatre performance, he was the 'most valuable player' on his high school tennis team, and one of his most popular live show songs is about his mom paying his rent while he was in college.
So how does one build a hip-hop fan base with a reputation devoid of any tales of concrete heroism? It's plain and simple...he's good at what he does. Heath has toured with West Coast freestyle king Red Cloud, shared the stage with underground hip-hop giants like Pigeon John, Playdough, and Mars Ill, and still kept his hip-hop accessible enough to do tours with the rock bands on his label, 7 Spin Records.
"I don't try to specifically appeal to hip-hop cats," Heath explains. "I feel the crowd that I appreciate the most is that fringe crowd. I just like to play for people who appreciate good music. It doesn't have to be hip-hop because that's not all I do. I just want people to have an open mind."
Heath is also a guitarist and vocalist. He uses his ability to play guitar while rapping as a way to unite people with different musical tastes. He has quickly garnered a reputation for having one of the quirkiest and most insanely enjoyable live shows out there. "My whole life has been about performing," shares Heath. "I am a trained actor, I worked extensively with my university improv troupe, and I learned the principles of crowd participation from some of the best in hip-hop. After that, I just had to take all of those things and mix them together."
Heath mixes in elements of boom bap, dirty south, blues, jazz, reggae, rock, and even a bit of gospel music to his sound. "I'm such a fan of music. There is no way I could ever box myself in. I love that the album maintains its hip-hop integrity lyrically, but I also love that there are lots of melodies. There aren't many emcees out there who are writers, musicians, and vocalists. I'd like to be able to make it all work together."
Heath covers the full spectrum topically on this album. On songs like "Where I'm Not Wanted" and "Farewell My Dignity" Heath takes a humorous look inside the not so glamorous musical life he's chosen to lead. He talks about overcoming spiritual apathy in order to grow closer to God in "If You Can" and "Swing Low." On the closing track, "Smile On Me," Heath speaks eloquently about Christ's crucifixion.
Throw in the songs about everyday life such as "Nintendo Thumb" where Heath rampantly raps about his prowess as an eight-bit Nintendo guru, and the tongue in cheek observation on the ideas of willfully being a servant in "The Good Samaritan Get Down," and you finally start to see the range and scope of what Heath is attempting to do.
With this album, Heath is attempting to bridge the gap between fans of thought provoking, intricate hip-hop, and self effacing, melodic pop coined by the great singer/songwriters of yesterday and today. That's a large undertaking. But he's up for the challenge.
"The most important thing to me is that I stay true to myself and to the God I serve," states Heath. "I'm not going to preach at people, but I am not going to hide my faith either. Some of the songs speak specifically about what God has done for me. And some of the songs have no religious content at all. But I feel equally inspired by God when I'm writing a song about playing Nintendo as I do when I write about the book of Isaiah. A great man once said that, 'God is in everything. Even the ugly things,' and I agree with that."


text:
The Women's Club Basketball team will be holding open gyms and tryouts in the next few weeks!
Upcoming Men's Club Volleyball Open Gym Wednesday, September 8th and Team Tryouts to be held on Monday, September 13th, both in Hill Center Gym 3 @ 8:30pm-10pm.
IC Squash is back for another fun season of squash! We're looking for new members with or without previous experience. Anyone is welcome to join. We'll have a table set up at the student organization fair on Wednesday, September 1st from 10:00-3:00. Our first club meeting of the season will be Thursday, September 2nd, at 7:30 p.m. in IC Square.
Love to dance? Like to perform? Interested in learning new hip hop moves, styles, and techniques? Looking for something fun to do on your Thursday night?? Come try out for Pulse, formerly known as IC Hip Hop!!
Interested in being a part of a small, diverse, student-run dance company? On The Floor Dance Company offers experienced dancers of all genres, ballet, jazz, modern, contemporary, and hip-hop, an outlet to perform, teach, choreograph, and learn.


text:
AMES, Iowa – The importance of planning when selecting trees is explained in Guidelines for Selecting Trees (RG 702), an Iowa State University Extension and Outreach publication.
According to Jeff Iles, ISU Extension horticulturist, Iowans must consider multiple things when selecting trees for a site. Planters should consider sunlight, soil conditions and size of the plant.
"Selecting a tree is more rewarding if you take time to critically evaluate the proposed planting site and the reasons for planting trees on that site," Iles said.
To download the publication, visit the Extension Online Store, https://store.extension.iastate.edu/.


text:
Lip-Locked! Guess Which Celebs Are Showing Off Some MAJOR PDA?!
Say what?!
Are Tyra Banks and Bow Wow a thing?
Nope! But the supermodel let Bow Wow live out a fantasy when she planted one on him on the show he hosts for BET, "106th And Park."
The 39-year-old locked lips with the 26-year-old rapper and they reenacted some PDA from their pasts.
"We have serious history," Tyra said to the audience. "He had a little crush on me and was hitting me up on Twitter nonstop. I think he was talking about wanting to know what my lips taste like and stuff!"
Tyra then played a video of when she let Bow Wow give her a smooch back when he was a guest on her former talk show, The Tyra Show.
After the show, Bow Wow posted a video on Instagram with the caption, "TYRA KISS MY LIPS TWICE."
"Tyra touched these lips!" he yells out in the clip.


text:
We stock a great selection of Dog Home Décor for Bloodhounds.
Most of the Dog Home Décor below work well for the typically sized Bloodhound.
We're happy to help! Click the "Help" button to your left for assistance in finding the perfect Dog Home Décor for your Bloodhound! Plus, with our 365 day return policy, you can shop with confidence!


text:
Worn by NASA astronauts since 1982, these leather suede-soled socks are better known to the earthbound as a staple of wintertime comfort. The warmth and durability of twisted New Zealand wool yarn hug the foot from toe to the mid-calf. Further cushioning and insulation from cold wood or tile floors are provided by the memory-foam midsole and cow suede leather outsole with leather sidewall. Imported. Hand-wash cold, air-dry. Gray. Unisex Sizes.
"I wear these slipper socks every evening during the cool weather. they keep my feet very warm while walking on tile floors."- BD, Florida
Lifetime Guarantee
The Astronaut's Slipper Socks come with The Hammacher Schlemmer Lifetime Guarantee. If this product ever disappoints you, for any reason, you may return your Hammacher Schlemmer purchase for exchange, credit, or refund.
Should you have any questions, we are available seven days a week (8:00 am – midnight EST). Please call 1-800-321-1484 to speak with a specialist or email us at firstname.lastname@example.com to receive a response within three business hours or less.
Shipping charges noted in parentheses apply in addition to our standard shipping & service.
We're sorry, but gift wrap is not available. Please call 1-800-395-7006 for Premium or Express delivery rates.
Oversized items scheduled for expedited delivery (Premium or Express) may incur additional shipping and services charges because of their unusual size. Please call 1-800-321-1484 for an estimate of S&S charges. International callers, please call 1-513-860-3397.
We're sorry, but gift wrap is not available for oversized items.
Shipped via truck and may require customer assistance upon delivery. You will be contacted to make an appointment for delivery.
We're sorry, but gift wrap and gift cards are not available.
GST still applies and will be charged upon processing. For complete shipping & service charges please call Customer Service at 1-800-321-1484.
May we recommend:
(based on 46 reviews)
Ratings Distribution
5 Stars
4 Stars
3 Stars
2 Stars
1 Stars
of respondents would recommend this to a friend.
Best Uses
Feels full size too small
Feels half size too small
Feels true to size
53% (23 reviews)
(23 reviews)
Feels half size too big
Feels full size too big
Feels too narrow
Feels true to width
74% (28 reviews)
(28 reviews)
Feels too wide
Reviewed by 46 customers
Displaying reviews 1-10
Back to top
Previous Page | Next Page »
(3 of 3 customers found this review helpful)
Pleased so far
By bird dog
from Orlando, Fl
I wear these slipper socks every evening during the cool weather. they keep my feet very warm while walking on tile floors. Out of three pairs that I have owned, all from different venders, I'll put these in the #2 slot. When they outlast my first pair, 25 years, I'll move them to #1. 2nd pair feel apart after 2 years.
Bottom Line Yes, I would recommend this to a friend
Was this review helpful? Yes / No
- flag this review
(2 of 2 customers found this review helpful)
Great Comfort
By Johnny "S"
from Mount Vernon, OH
Recently removed carpeting in whole house. Had original hardwood flooring sanded and refinished. Am a recent s/p (L) hip revision with (R) hip revision to soon follow. This was a Christmas gift. Feel safe wearing these when walking on the wood floors.
An excellent gift!
By Vlad
from Canada
I bought this as a gift for my wife and she loved them! In fact, I'm a little jealous of them...Time will tell how durable they are, but I am trusting H.S. enough that they will last. The price gets expensive once you figure in shipping and tax on top of that.If there are any cons, it is that they don't just slip on like socks or slippers, you have to fiddle a little with them.Overall, very impressed with them.
(1 of 1 customers found this review helpful)
Unusually warm!
By Rich
from Pennsauken, NJ
Given as a gift to my brother, who is a Grizzly Adams type, that keeps his home cold (40 degrees).He called to tell me how happy he is with the surprising warmth and sturdy soles. I could not convince him to raise his indoor temperature, though.
Way to big for small women
By Stan da man
from Grass Valley, CA
Wife wears a 6 size. The extra small is still one inch too large and looks like clown shoes. Too bad they don't make kid or women sizes.
Bottom Line No, I would not recommend this to a friend
Best purchase ever
By JAS
from mechanicsburg PA
Have NO complaints - using in apartment with COLD floors - saves on heat - WELL WORTH the cost and LOVE them!
(1 of 2 customers found this review helpful)
As advertised
By Walter
from Philadelphia, PA
OK if you live on the North Pole
By Bigfoot
from Tiverton, RI
They are very warm but run a little small.
"Warm but loose"
By Bic
from Bay Area, Calif.
Though ordered for size, per the instructions, mocasin slippers are too large. Would in future order the next size down.
Reasonable thought out
By Bobby d
from Philadelphia's
For home use these are very practical.easy on easy off.if you need to run out side in the cold , quickly they do the job
COPYRIGHT © 2017 HAMMACHER SCHLEMMER & COMPANY, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. W107147 E. 57th ST • NEW YORK, NY • 10022 • 1-800-_321-1484


text: For at least the second time I can remember, Love And Hip Hop star, Stevie B, has been arrested for not paying back child support. Apparently he has never paid a dime in child support and now owes slightly over $1M. Back in 2011, Stevie was famously arrested by police while he was on stage because he owed over $400K in child support. He was released from jail after coughing up a measly $11K in back support. By my tally, the singer has seven children from at least three different women. Stevie had a hit way back in 1990 with Because I Love You but hasn't had anything match the success of that song. Stevie was arrested in Georgia and will be sent to NYC to face charges and is probably going to spend a long time in jail. The child support was first ordered back in 1999 and he stopped paying sometime in 2001.


text:
Results 1 to 1 of 1
Baltimore Ravens linebacker Ray Lewis announces his decision to retire - Washington Post
The Crazy Newshound has found a new Ravens article.
Baltimore Ravens linebacker Ray Lewis announces his decision to retire
Washington Post
Baltimore Ray Lewis, who has played 17 seasons for the Baltimore Ravens and defined the team's defensive excellence, announced his decision to retire Wednesday, telling teammates that this will be my last ride. I told them I just felt so much ...
Ravens' Lewis to retire after playoffsFOXSports.com
Ray Lewis to retire after Baltimore Ravens' seasonNFL News
Last Ride For Ray LewisESPN
Baltimore Sun (blog) -Bleacher Report -BaltimoreRavens.com
all 856 news articles »
Link to the full story.


text:
Alpha SV Jacket Men's
Shop Online - Inventory Search
Select your size and colour to buy direct from Arc'teryx or from authorized online dealers.
Check online dealer inventory
Sorry, no inventory found at our dealers.
This item is out of stock at Arc'teryx BUT it is available to buy from our online dealers.
Add to Arc'teryx Cart - Free Ground Shipping Over $200
This item is out of stock at Arc'teryx. Add to Wishlist?
The Alpha SV, an Arc'teryx icon repeatedly proven in severe alpine environments, is now stronger and lighter. Exceptionally durable waterproof, breathable N100p-X 3L GORE-TEX® Pro fabric significantly increases abrasion resistance. Optimized construction, WaterTight™ zippers with RS™ sliders, and minimized seams shed grams. Fully featured with a helmet compatible StormHood™, pit zips, and articulated construction, the Alpha SV remains the choice for extended use in the harshest conditions.
Learn More About This Product
Full Feature List
- Waterproof
- Windproof
- Breathable
- Highly durable
- Abrasion resistant
- Micro-seam allowance (1.6 mm) reduces bulk and weight
- Laminated high-strength hanger loop
- GORE-TEX® Pro three-layer construction
- Arc'teryx Nu water repellent treatment
- Strategically placed narrow GORE® seam tape (8mm width)
- Generous cut for easy layering
- Anatomical shaping for fit and comfort
- Articulated patterning for unrestricted mobility
- No-lift gusseted underarms
- Laminated brim
- Helmet compatible StormHood™
- Cohaesive™ hood adjustments for ease of use with mittens or gloves
- Laminated chin guard
- WaterTight™ external zippers
- Pit zippers for easy venting
- WaterTight™ Vislon front zip
- Micro corded zipper pulls
- Laminated die-cut Velcro® cuff adjusters with elastic
- Die-cut Velcro® cuff adjusters reduce bulk, and won't catch or tear off
- Adjustable elastic waist drawcord
- Drop back hem
- Laminated hem
- Cohaesive™ hem adjusters function as Hemlock™ to prevent jacket from slipping out from under a climbing harness
- Internal chest pocket with zip
- Left bicep pocket with WaterTight™ zip
- One internal dump pocket
- Two high, crossover hand pockets with WaterTight™ zips
- Note: Our WaterTight™ zippers are highly water resistant, but not waterproof. We do not recommend keeping items in your pockets that may be damaged by moisture
- N100p-X 3L GORE-TEX® Pro
- Machine wash in warm water (40°C).
- Double rinse.
- Do not use fabric softener.
- Tumble dry on medium heat.
- Do not iron.
- Outdoor Magazine Test Win (Germany)
- Men's Journal Gear Lab Approved
- Forbes.com - Top 5 New Winter Gear Pieces 2013
- Backpacker Magazine's Lifetime Award
- Outdoor Gear Lab Editor's Choice Award


text:
Jack Tawil, MSW, LCSW-C
Licensed Clinical Social Worker
Severna Park, Maryland 21146
Have you had a recent loss. This loss may the death of a loved one, divorce, having children move away, or some other painful life experience. You are likely struggling with a variety of emotions and thoughts. You may at times feel overwelmed. Therapy can help you make sense of your experience and help you take the next step move forward when you are ready.
Jennifer Beall, MS, NCC, LCPC, LCADC
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor
645 Baltimore-Annapolis Blvd., Suite 107, Severna Park, Maryland 21146
Are you grieving a loss and wondering if you'll ever feel normal again? Are your family and friends at a loss as to how to help you? Do you feel like they're tired of hearing you talk about it? Grief and loss are much more complicated than most people think. It's not always a matter of mourning for a couple of months after which you just "get over it." If you are still grieving after you think you should be done, you may start to criticize yourself for not moving on as quickly as expected. Here's the truth: each person grieves in his or own way and time. There's no right way to grieve. You can find a way to accept yourself and move through your loss in your own way. Call today.
Deborah Cole, Psy.D.
Licensed Psychologist
5525 Twin Knolls Rd. #331, Columbia, Maryland 21045
Most people who come to therapy are suffering from some loss, whether from a death of a loved one or the loss of a job or of a relationship. There is also the loss of dreams. Together, we work to find out what the losses have been and to "work through" them. This is hard work, but on the "other side" of this work, once it has been done, is the energy and vitality and the peace of mind that has been missing. I usually use EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) for this work, as there is so much research to support it, and it works quickly compared to most therapeutic approaches.
Norma Stevens, MS, LCPC, NCC
Lic. Clinical Professional Counselor and Pastoral Counselor
IHS Psychotherapy and Counseling LLC 6011 University Blvd., Suite 100, Ellicott City, Maryland 21043
Grief and loss are part of life; yet, people who are experiencing loss and grief can be misunderstood by those around them. At times, those who grieve can feel isolated from others. Sometimes people around them don't understand what they are going through and ask questions like. "Why can't you get on with life?" "Why can't you get over it?" I create a safe environment for clients to process their grief over their losses, whether it be a death of a loved one, the loss of a relationship, the loss of health or the loss of hopes and dreams for the future. We work together to find ways to cope with the pain and find joy in life once again.
Jeffrey Crouch, LCSW-C
10632 Little Patuxent Pkwy Suite 313, Columbia, Maryland 21044
I have guided many people going through the loss of a family member or friend. I am currently working with a client who lost his mother. He has begun to feel better and remember his mother in ways that are deeply meaningful to him. I have also experienced losses which gives me a greater understanding of what you may need to express your feelings and continue to live a full life.
Stacey Rempert, LCSW-C
Licensed Clinical Social Worker)
10632 Little Patuxent Pkwy, Suite 340, Columbia, Maryland 21044
Grieving has several different stages and my approach is to help clients process and normalize the range of emotions they may experience with loss. I also normalize the fact that people grieve in different ways and in their own time frame. Loss can take many forms: loss of relationship, job, illness/injury, pets; it isn't limited to the physical death of a loved one. I've found that doing some sort of physical representation of what was lost can be very healing, for example a collage, drawing, or scrap book.
John Rhead, Ph.D., CGP
Licensed Psychologist
5560 Sterrett Pl. #205, Columbia, Maryland 21044
Grief and loss are a natural and unavoidable part of life, whether it is a sudden loss, like the loss of a loved one to death, or a more gradual loss, like the loss of physical vitality with illness or aging. When a very large loss overwhelms us and makes life seem painful and perhaps meaningless, it is time to get help to put that loss in perspective. I help people to work their way through loss and find ways to make it part of the larger mosaic of their life, helping them reduce the overwhelming pain and helping them find hope and meaning again.
Ann Klein, LCSW-C, MSW
Licensed Clinical Social Worker, Marriage & Family Therapist
6239 Plaited Reed, Columbia, Maryland 21044
Each loss is unique and so is the treatment. You may need a witness to tell your story in a safe, respectful place or find strategies to deal with unresolved issues with an important person you lost or a job. I can help you through this by using different strategies, such as, writing unsent letters to the person you lost, visualizing ways of moving on while establishing rituals to maintain good memories, connecting with support groups as needed,etc.
Dane Wendell, LCPC
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor
600 Wyndhurst Ave, suite 112, Baltimore, Maryland 21210
Grief and Loss are a normal aspect of human life, however there are times when it is traumatic, unexpected or more difficult to deal with. My goal is to provide a compassionate ear for you but to always help you move past the grief by asking "what is better". Focusing on even the smallest positive changes can help you move forward and begin the healing process.
Rachel Beck, LCSW-C
600 Wyndhurst Ave Ste 308, Baltimore, Maryland 21210
People who are expereincing grief and loss often feel overwhelmed with a variety of unpleasant feelings such as anger, quilt, sadness and shock. Adjusting to the loss can be very difficult and painful. There is no one way to do that. Grief and loss requires coping strategies that therapy can help you find. Therapy can help you find navigate the emotional challenges that come with grief and loss.
Kathryn Reynolds, LCPC
5114 Dorsey Hall Drive, Ellicott City, Maryland 21042
If you are experiencing grief and loss, therapy can help you understand the impact of your loss on your life and will provide support and a safe place to express yourself. In addiiton, counseling can help you move through your grief and eventually create new meaning and sustenance in your life. Even though you may currently feel devastated and lost., therapy can restore a sense of meaning and hope in your life.
Joseph Tropper, MS, LCPC, NCC, CHt
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor
7211 Park Heights Ave, Suite 4, Baltimore, Maryland 21208
Suffering a loss of a loved one can be devastating. You do not have to do it alone. Studies show that when one has a strong support team this can greatly help in their grieving process. I will work with you (and your family- if you so chose) to understand the grieving process, the emotional, psychological and spiritual aspects to help you get through this most difficult time.


text:
I did this mostly for the learning experience but it definitely works and doesn't erase any of your plugins. All comments are welcome, or even just let me know if you used it as im rather proud of myself. It should be future proof but then again i wont really know until a new version comes out.
For the install go and download the latest linux tar.gz HERE copy this script and save it to a text file named ff.sh ... make sure your tar is in the same directory and from bash do sh ff.sh
Big thanks to archangel.amael as without him i wouldnt have known how to do this.echo Type only the version number i.e. 3.0.10
read VER
tar -jxvf firefox-"$VER".tar.bz2
rm firefox-"$VER".tar.bz2
rm -r /usr/lib/firefox-3*
mv firefox /usr/lib/firefox-$VER
rm /usr/bin/firefox
cp /usr/lib/firefox-$VER/firefox /usr/bin/firefox
cat /usr/bin/firefox | sed "s|moz_libdir=/usr/local/lib/firefox-"$VER"|moz_libdir=/usr/lib/firefox-"$VER"|g" > /usr/bin/firefox1
rm /usr/bin/firefox
mv /usr/bin/firefox1 /usr/bin/firefox
rm /usr/bin/firefox-3.0
chmod 755 /usr/bin/firefox


text:
Alabama launching 40th anniversary tour
Listen to Alabama on iHeartRadio
Alabama is celebrating their 40th anniversary on the road. The group is officially launching their "Back to the Bowery Tour" with a pair of sold out shows Friday and Saturday night at Myrtle Beach, South Carolina's Alabama Theater -- which was named for the group.
And the band is honoring the community with the name of their trek. The Myrtle Beach club The Bowery is where Alabama got their start back in the early '70s.
In addition to honoring their 40 years as a group, Alabama's tour is also marking their return to the road. The "Back to the Bowery Tour" is the group's first extensive run of dates since their 2003-2004 Farewell tour. Alabama intended to retire from the road after that trek, but the devastating tornado outbreak in April 2011 prompted them to return to the stage. After staging benefit shows to help with storm recovery efforts in their home state, Alabama decided to resume their performing career.
Alabama's "Back To The Bowery Tour" Dates
April 5 & 6 - Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, at The Alabama Theatre
April 23 - Nashville, Tennessee, at the Grand Ole Opry House
April 26 - Wallingford, Connecticut, at Toyota presents Oakdale Theatre
April 27 - Rama, Ontario, Canada, at Casino Rama
May 1 - Westbury, New York, at The NYCB Theatre at Westbury
May 2 - Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, at the Sands Bethelehem Events Cener
May 17 & 18 - Atlanta, Georgia, at the Fox Theatre
July 5 - Orange Beach, Alabama, at the Amphitheater at the Wharf
July 6 - Clearwater, Florida, at Ruth Eckerd Hall
August 30 - Highland Park, Illinois, at Ravinia Festival
August 31 - Hinckley, Minnesota, at the Grand Casino
September 16 - Puyallup, Washington, at the Washington State Fair
October 4 & 5 - Minot, North Dakota, at the Norsk Hostfest
October 12 - Thackerville, Oklahoma, at the Winstar Casino
November 8 - St. Louis, Missouri, at the Fox Theater
Photo Credit Getty Images


text:
Bah bang goes that method ...
Any none php files are not su-execed, as such trying to access say an image results in a 403 error :'(.
I'll post back with a fix once I find one.
UPDATE: Only work around I could find was CHMOD ... 600 for PHP files (bash script runs hourly to make sure this is the case for all php files) ... 644 for everything else (711 for dirs)


text:
Peter Facinelli Hits the "Breaking Dawn - Part 2" Hollywood Premiere
Making a dashing arrival worthy of his character, Peter Facinelli worked the crowd at the premiere of "Breaking Dawn - Part 2" on Monday (November 12).
Dressed up in suave duds, the still-giddy 38-year-old tweeted to fans earlier in the day: "Premiere of #breakingdawn2 tonight. Who's excited?"
Facinelli, who portrays vampire Carlisle Cullen, spoke recently about how things have changed for the stars of the "Twilight" franchise as the movies became more popular: "The first 'Twilight,' everyone was kind of hanging out and we all got to hang out together, go out to dinners," he explained, "and by the second or third, we couldn't go out at all. We would just stay in and play games. We actually played 'Twilight: The Board Game' once."
"Breaking Dawn Part 2" opens nationally on Friday, November 16.
Enjoy the pictures of Peter Facinelli at the "Breaking Dawn - Part 2" Los Angeles Premiere (November 12).
Photo Credit: Getty Images