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Hi, thought I would introduce myself as I am new to the forum.
Have been a member of the BBCT for several years and have been interested in Bumblebees (and ants and wasps) since I was young.
I have lived in wales for 6 years, previous to that I lived in Hertfordshire.
My garden houses about 10 bumblebee boxes of different types, one currently been occupied by a B.pratorum colony , which is doing well. I also had two other boxes occupied by queens (B.terrestris and B.hortorum) but these have since perished.
I often introduce nest searching queens into my boxes in early spring, with varying success.
I think this year I observed the lowest number of nest searching queens in my garden in six years, although I seem to have good numbers of bumblebees foraging at present.
I look forward to getting involved in the discussions and learning alot more.
Kind regards
Kevin H
Welcome to the forum Kevin
Hi Kevin,
Welcome to the Forum - and thanks for joining !
Your experience at introducing queens to artificial boxes sounds very interesting, could you let us know a little about this more please ?
I've tried this a couple of times this year. It was with B. hypnorum and details are in the hypnorum 2013 thread. One of these seems to have worked, but the colony soon died out. Prof Dave Goulson refers to this technique in his book "Sting in the Tale" but gives just a general comment.
It seems to me that it would be very useful to many of us BB-affectionados if we could understand to limitations and possibilities here, since many of us would love to have a colony to watch.
Yours Clive
Hi Clive
I have been introducing queens for many years now, with a varying degree of success. This year has been poor due to the lack of nest searching queens in my garden, but last year was very good.
I will try to give a brief descrption of what I do:
I constructed a container, which is a small platic tub with a cardboard tube coming out of what would normally be the lid. The lid with the tube is removed to catch a queen and then replaced and the tube is then put up to the entrance of the nest box. The theory is that the queen will travel down the tube into the nest box on her own accord. Doesnt always work and if the queen hasnt gone into the nest box within 4/5 minutes I release her. I only ever capture and introduce queens that are actually nest searching at the time.
If the queen enters the nest box I block the entrance for 10/20 seconds just to keep it dark. Often if you let light in to quickly she will rush torwards the light and fly off. Once she is in and entrance is unblocked I just observe, from a distance, the entrance until she comes out. Normally they are in the box for around 4/5 minutes before they come out , but occasionally they may take 10 minutes or more before coming out. If she flies straight off she has not accepted the box, but if she walks around entance and hovvers in front, and then proceeds to make an orientation flight she may well have accepted the box. The rest is then up to the queen herself and you may get lucky and have a colony but more often than not the queen will perish due to some natural cause. Some species, once the box is accepted, will start to collect pollen within a day or so, but others, especially B.terrestris, will often carry on nest searching, returning to the box over several days before fully accepting it.
In 2012 I was lucky to have 10 boxes occupied by introduced queens but only one nest, a B.terrestris, reached maturity and produced males and females. Once the queen has accepted the box, I interfere very little , except maybe to check that no spiders have got into the box and from time to time check that the box is still occupied. I do not feed the queens.
This year I only managed to get three boxes occupied, one was occupied naturally by a B.pratorum queen (and is still going strong) but the other two became deserted. One was possibly attacked by a mouse or vole.
Sorry for the length of the reply but I hope it was useful. If you want any further information just let me know.
It was a good day on the bee front today - saw two B.hypnorum at my workplace , a B.pratorum pair mating on flowers in my garden and my flower border were buzzing with bumblebees.
Kind regards
Hi Kevin,
Many thanks for the detail !
I find that I don't have the gift of brevity, but do have an ability of clarity by use of description - but it takes space !
I feel sure that many Forum users will be fascinated by what you have recorded here, but could I ask for some details of what nesting material you have in the box ?
I started out as a Beekeeper and BBs are a recent major interest. My honey bee skills are very useful with BBs.
And as I run my beehives with a Perspex inner lid, I got used to doing the same for the BB colonies I get asked to move / re-home.
So, how about trying using a clear plastic "ceiling" to your boxes - and a removable roof ?
I think you would enjoy the extra bee-watching opportunities that it gives.
If you were to try this, you might like to fit the box with a plastic tube "spout" of a metre or so long, so that you are not in close proximity to where the bees fly to/from. You are then much less likely to cause bee-upset when you peer into the box.
Another useful trick is to watch at night, using red light. (A sweet paper over an ordinary LED torch works fine; or a cycle rear light.)
Yours Clive
Hello Kevin
Thank you for this most interesting thread and thank you Clive for your (as always) informative notes.
Kevin could you describe your boxes and their positions in your garden please.
Sparrow - Sue
Hi Clive
I use a variety of nest boxes including purchased boxes. I have the following in my garden:
5 x Schwegler overground box
2 x schwegler underground box
2 x oxford bee company boxes (one occupied by the B.pratorum colony)
1 x wooden box (on tree)
1 x home made wooden box
I generally use pet sawdust in the boxes as a 'base' and place the nest material in a depression within the sawdust. The nest material is a fibre based underlay which I obtained when some carpets were being replaced, but I also use kapok and hamster bedding (ferplast used to make a good hamster bedding but I find it difficult to obtain from pet shops)
All the nests have removable lids and the Oxford bee co. boxes came with a plastic window but I removed them as I found they caused condensation. How do you prevent condensation ?
I find the schwegler overground boxes the best in general but they are extremely expensive to purchase now.
I am hoping to make a box and fit a camera inside for next season. I may place the box in my shed and have an entrance tube out through the wall. I could then observe with a red torch and have a camera as well. This will be my winter project ! Do you know of anyone who has fitted a camera to a box ?
When I suss out how to post photos to the forum I can send some of the inside of the nests and my 'queen capture container' if you are interested ?
Do apologize Sparrow Sue but above thread should have been for you not Clive.
Sorry Clive and Sparrow Sue, certainly new to this forum thing and I am getting confused who I am sending what reply to.
Sparrow - Sue
The boxes are as descibed above on my reply to Clive. A mixture of commercial and made boxes.
I tend to position them under hedges, top of low walls etc. I find the best thing is to watch the queens in the spring to see where the majority nest search and move the boxes around accordingly. Even if i introduce a queen to a box, the box is generally in an area where queens have been observed nest searching.
Hope this helps and apologies for confusion when replying.
Hi Kevin,
You can add photos to a post by composing it and then submitting it; then immediately (or later) using the Edit Post button.
In edit mode you can adjust the text (Bold, colour etc) and also add photos, but there is a savage limit on file size of a total of 300 kb, which can be one photo, or up to three.
I have some feedback on condensation etc, but am going to put it in a separate post.
Yours Clive
Hi Kevin,
Thanks for your extra details.
I started out by making some standard BB boxes made from wood in the style of Prys-Jones & Corbet's book Bumblebees.
There seem to be issues about water in BB boxes of at least two types:
1. Their faeces are very fluid, and if the box is not able to drain, the nest can eventually start to float. The OBC plastic box I've got is particularly bad for this; but I've had to same problem in the past by using a box made of expanded polystyrene.
2. The bees will probably be evaporating their nectar, so that the %RH in the box goes up above the dewpoint.
Here's some solutions that have worked for me.
1. Put a layer of Cat Litter Granules in the outer chamber to mop up the fluid. You may need to dig these out and change them if they get saturated. (The Cat Litter idea comes from the USA book "The Natural History of Bumblebees A source book for Investigation" by Kearns & Thomson.
2. Cover the perspex with some removable IR aluminised reflective sheet, like is used for packaging biscuits, or sticking on the wall behind radiators.
3. Make some holes in the box and cover them with metal gauze / mesh to get some ventilation throughput. And you may want to give these an outer cover (tunnel-like) to exclude light.
Nest box access tube: 25mm plastic electrical conduit pipe works fine. 25 mm flexible hose allows corners etc.
One of the Forum users called Ron has a bird box with a hypnorum colony in it and a camera: but the colony has recently gone down with Wax Moth.
George of Nurturing Nature seems to have the technology to keep the moths out, using a door the bees can open: but I've not been able to do this myself.
I hope this helps !
Yours Clive
I use
Kevin, No apologies needed, the information is the most important thing, and thank you for that.
Thank you Clive for your additional information. I see you are a "Super User" now, I wonder what you will be called next!!
Sparrow - Sue
Hello Sue,
Yes I'd noticed an extra star appear all by itself.
I reckon the title "Old Drone" ought to be coming soon !
Both words have some measure of fit - and the second might also have an appropriate second meaning !
Clive, thank you for your sense of humour, will will wait and see.


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Tattoo Stories with Sean Kingston
Listen to Sean Kingston on iHeartRadio
Sean Kingston recently released a new single "Beat It" with Chris Brown and Wiz Khalifa. But that's just a taste of what's soon-to-come from Kingston. He has been working on a new album.
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But he wasn't always Mario when he played. In fact, Sean says he often chose to be his brother and green-adorned counterpart, Luigi.
One of Kingston's more prominent and noticeable tattoos is a bit spiritual for Sean. "It's a black Jesus. It says 'Only in God I trust.' In God I trust."
And Sean isn't stopping here, he has plans to fill up the rest of his arms. "I was supposed to get two, well my manager called me the other day and said we're supposed to do this tattoo magazine. This tattoo magazine calls me, wanted to film me getting a mean tattoo. I'm going to get some new [ones]. Probably fill up right here, fill up this hand."
Watch the video for "Beat It" below:
Photo Credit Katherine Tyler for iHeartRadio

subset: commoncrawl


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LISTEN: Demi Lovato to release new single 'Made In The USA'
Listen to Demi Lovato on iHeartRadio
The next single off Demi Lovato's latest album will be "Made In The USA." According to "MTV," the singer has chosen to the appropriate date of Thursday, the Fourth of July, to officially release the track.
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"We didn't play well (Saturday) night," Grier said. "I think we all kind of felt anxious coming into the game tonight and the guys battled. I think it took us a while to find our legs, but we battled and hung in there."'
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Military Intelligence: Hamas opposes regional calm (HA´ARETZ NEWS) By Amos Harel, Arnon Regular and Gideon Alon, Haaretz Correspondents, Haaretz Service and Agencies 02/01/05 15:25 (GMT+2)
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The quiet in Gaza and the West Bank largely depends on the will of Hamas leaders, who form part of a regional "axis of evil" that opposes regional calm, the head of Military Intelligence said Tuesday.
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The Rafah crossing is the main gateway in and out of the Gaza Strip for Palestinian travelers. It was closed since December 12, the day of a Palestinian attack that killed several Israeli soldiers at a nearby outpost.
In his meeting with Mofaz, Dahlan - considered one of PA Chairman Mahmoud Abbas´ closest advisers - demanded the immediate opening of the Erez, Karni and Rafah crossings surrounding Gaza.
Mofaz agreed to reopen the Erez and Rafah crossings, but Israel is not prepared to reopen the Karni crossing, where a terror attack killed six Israelis last month, until it receives a detailed security plan from the Palestinians. Israeli and Palestinian officers met Monday to discuss security at Karni.
Mofaz also told Dahlan during the meeting that there would be no transfer of West Bank cities to the Palestinian Authority without a total cessation of mortar fire into the settlements of Gush Katif - a position to which Palestinians objected Tuesday.
The meeting focused on the transfer of five West Bank cities - Ramallah, Bethlehem, Jericho, Tul Karm and Qalqilyah - to the Palestinians as early as this week. Jericho is likely to be the first city to be transferred.
Palestinians objected to the new Israeli position on the West Bank handover.
"We will not tell them to stop if they are withdrawing from Ramallah, but we want them to implement the previous understandings, the withdrawal from five cities," a senior Palestinian official said Tuesday, speaking on condition of anonymity. (© Copyright 2005 Haaretz. 02/01/05)
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Posted: Thu Jan 31, 2013 12:48 pm
Post subject: WindyCity 2 round Mock Draft [Jan 31]
Round 1
1[1] Kansas City Chiefs: QB Geno Smith [West Virginia]
1[2] Jacksonville Jaguars: DE Demontre Moore [Texas A&M]
1[3] Oakland Raiders: DT Star Lotuleli [Utah]
1[4] Philadelphia Eagles: OT Luke Joeckel [Texas A&M]
1[5] Detroit Lions: CB Dee Milner [Alabama]
1[6] Cleveland Browns: DE Bjoern Werner [Florida St]
1[7] Arizona Cardinals: OT Eric Fisher [Central Michigan]
1[8] Buffalo Bills: QB Ryan Nassib [Syracuse]
1[9] New York Jets: OLB Jarvis Jones [Georgia]
1[10] Tennessee Titans: DT Sheldon Richardson [Missouri]
1[11] San Diego Chargers: OT Lane Johnson [OU]
1[12] Miami Dolphins: WR Keenan Allen [Cal]
1[13] Tampa Bay Buccaneers: CB Jonathan Banks [Mississippi St]
1[14] Carolina Panthers: DT Jonathan Hankins [Ohio St]
1[15] New Orleans Saints: DE Dion Jordan [Oregon St]
1[16] St. Louis Rams: OG Chance Warmack [Alabama]
1[17] Pittsburgh Steelers: S Kenny Vaccaro [Texas]
1[18] Dallas Cowboys: DT Sharif Floyd [Florida]
1[19] New York Giants: LB Alec Ogeltree [Georgia]
1[20] Chicago Bears: OT/OG D.J Fluker [Alabama]
1[21] Cincinnati Bengals: LB Manti Teo [Notre Dame]
1[22] St. Louis Rams [Was]: Cordarelle Patterson [Tennessee]
1[23] Minnesota Vikings: WR DeAndre Hopkins [Clemson]
1[24] Indianapolis Colts: OLB Sam Montgomery [LSU]
1[25] Seattle Seahawks: DE Ezekial Ansah [BYU]
1[26] Green Bay Packers: OG Jonathan Cooper [UNC]
1[27] Houston Texans: WR Justin Hunter [Tennessee]
1[28] Denver Broncos: S Eric Ried [LSU]
*The Arizona Cardinals Trade 2[38] and 3[67] to the New England Patriots for 1[29].
1[29] Arizona Cardinals [NE]: QB Tyler Wilson [Arkansas]
1[30] Atlanta Falcons: TE Tyler Eifert [Notre Dame]
1[31] San Francisco 49ers: NT Jonathan Jenkins [Georgia]
1[32] Baltimore Ravens: C Barrett Jones [Alabama]
Round 2
*New Orleans, no pick from Bounty penalties.
*Cleveland Browns, no pick, Josh Gordon supplemental draft.
2[33] Jacksonville Jaguars: CB Jordan Poyer [Oregon St]
2[34] Kansas City Chiefs: TE Zach Ertz [Stanford]
2[35] Philadelphia Eagles: CB David Amerson [NC State]
2[36] Detroit Lions: LB Kevin Minter [LSU]
2[37] Cincinnati Bengals [Oak]: S Matt Elam [Florida]
2[38] New England Patriots [Ari]: DE Alex Okafor [Texas]
2[39] New York Jets: QB Mike Glennon [NC State]
2[40] Tennessee Titans: OG Larry Warford [Kentucky]
2[41] Buffalo Bills: WR Tavon Austin [West Virginia]
2[42] Miami Dolphins: OT Oday Aboushi [Virginia]
2[43] Tampa Bay Buccaneers: TE Gavin Escobar [San Diego St]
2[44] Carolina Panthers: CB Xavier Rhodes [Florida St]
2[45] San Diego Chargers: WR Terrence Williams [Baylor]
2[46] St. Louis Rams: OT/OG Kyle Long [Oregon]
2[47] Dallas Cowboys: DT Kawan Short [Purdue]
2[48] Pittsburgh Steelers: DE Datone Jones [UCLA]
2[49] New York Giants: OT Dallas Tomas [Tennessee]
2[50] Chicago Bears: LB Khaseem Greene [Rutgers]
2[51] Washington Redskins: S Tony Jefferson [OU]
2[52] Minnesota Vikings: CB Logan Ryan [Rutgers]
2[53] Cincinnati Bengals: C Travis Frederick [Wisconsin]
2[54] Miami Dolphins [Ind]: DT Sylvester Williams [UNC]
2[55] Green Bay Packers: DE Margus Hunt [SMU]
2[56] Seattle Seahawks: WR Darick Rodgers [Tennessee St]
2[57] Houston Texans: NT Jesse Williams [Alabama]
2[58] Denver Broncos: DT Bennie Logan [LSU]
2[59] New England Patriots: WR Stedman Bailey [West Virginia]
2[60] Atlanta Falcons: DE Cornelius Carradine [Florida St]
2[61] San Francisco 49ers: S Shawn Williams [Georgia]
2[62] Baltimore Ravens: LB Nico Johnson [Alabama]
John Fox
3-13 this season, 9-23 overall, 4-12 at home
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Posted: Thu Jan 31, 2013 1:14 pm
Post subject:
For the Vikings:
1st Justin Hunter
2nd Jesse Williams
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Posted: Thu Jan 31, 2013 1:43 pm
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I'd take Richardson, Vaccaro, Allen, Jordan and even Ansah over Werner at #6.
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Posted: Thu Jan 31, 2013 1:47 pm
Post subject:
Complete suckage for the Bills, dude. Nassib isn't worth the 8th pick in the draft, period, and in the 2nd round with Austin, no. We drafted T.J. Graham in the 3rd last season.
Why have a signature? I don't need to be famous.................................................
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The Gnat
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Posted: Thu Jan 31, 2013 1:59 pm
Post subject:
KeithVikings28 wrote:
For the Vikings:
1st Justin Hunter
2nd Jesse Williams
I'd agree, I like Hopkins so I'm fine with that pick, but Williams would be great in round two, Vikings need a NT.
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Posted: Thu Jan 31, 2013 2:12 pm
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Give the Bucs Banks and Rhodes
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Posted: Thu Jan 31, 2013 2:18 pm
Post subject:
Good pick, I'd like Cooper as well, FA pending.
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Posts: 26419
Location: Indianapolis Indiana
Posted: Thu Jan 31, 2013 2:28 pm
Post subject:
I don't love Te'o and would prefer Rogers over Frederick
Big thanks to kacymcbryant18 for the sig....^^
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Joined: 14 Feb 2007
Posts: 2516
Posted: Thu Jan 31, 2013 2:39 pm
Post subject:
Hate this draft for the Bills. Taking a QB other than Geno Smith in the top ten is a mistake. The Bills should be looking to trade back. Also Austin is to small of a WR Bills have been quoted to be in the market for a bigger WR than can go up and get it.
Max's 2010 Annual Draft Contest Winner
Adopt a Bill 2011- SS George Wilson
CB Drayton Florence
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Posts: 8631
Location: Toronto, CA
Posted: Thu Jan 31, 2013 3:00 pm
Post subject:
The Gnat wrote:
KeithVikings28 wrote:
For the Vikings:
1st Justin Hunter
2nd Jesse Williams
I'd agree, I like Hopkins so I'm fine with that pick, but Williams would be great in round two, Vikings need a NT.
Vikings need a NT that can pass rush as well, thats why Jesse Williams would be a very nice pick in Round 2.
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Joined: 02 Feb 2009
Posts: 2049
Location: Chicago
Posted: Thu Jan 31, 2013 3:23 pm
Post subject:
Bears will take Te'o or Cooper in the 1st.
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Posts: 13594
Posted: Thu Jan 31, 2013 3:39 pm
Post subject:
KamTrus20 wrote:
I'd take Richardson, Vaccaro, Allen, Jordan and even Ansah over Werner at #6.
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Posts: 4894
Location: Poland
Posted: Thu Jan 31, 2013 3:40 pm
Post subject:
I have a really hard time seeing the Packers pass on Barrett Jones. I don't know much about Cooper, but I don't know if he can transition to center, and we already have two good guards in Sitton and Lang. If Jones is there, I think he's the pick. Hunt is good.
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Posts: 2438
Posted: Thu Jan 31, 2013 4:36 pm
Post subject:
I don't believe Fluker is going in the first round. I'd be pretty pissed if the Bears draft him at 20.
Adopt-a-Bear Lamarr Houston
Man-child. QB-killer. Defender of the run. Destroyer of worlds
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Posts: 1385
Location: America...F---Yeah
Posted: Thu Jan 31, 2013 5:22 pm
Post subject:
Would take those two in a heart beat. Could only hope Ansah falls to us.
Rogers from Tennessee Tech though.
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'50 Shades of Grey' for Your Ears?
The '50 Shades of Grey' marketing juggernaut continues… with music!
-PJ Gach
50 Shades of Grey, the book that has got women's brains (and other parts) tingling across the world now has musical accompaniment. Author E L James has partnered with Random House and EMI Classics to create a CD to listen to whilst reading the book!
Fifty Shades of Grey–The Classical Album will have it's digital release on August 21, 2012 and the CD will be released on September 18th.
Read This Is Apparently What Christian Grey of '50 Shades of Grey' Looks Like
Here's the track listing:
1.Lakmé (Act I): Flower Duet (Mady Mesplé, Danielle Millet)
2.Bach: Adagio from Concerto #3 BWV 974 (Alexandre Tharaud)
3. Villa-Lobos: Bachianas Brasilerias #5 – Cantilena (Barbara Hendricks)
4. Verdi: La Traviata Prelude (Riccardo Muti / Philharmonia Orchestra)
5. Pachelbel: Canon in D (Sir Neville Marriner/ Academy of St. Martin-in-the-Fields)
6.Tallis: Spem in Alium (The Tallis Scholars)
7.Chopin: Prelude #4 in E minor, Largo (Samson François)
8. Rachmaninoff: Piano Concerto #2 – Adagio Sostenuto (Cecile Ousset, Sir Simon Rattle / CBSO)
9. Vaughan Williams: Fantasia on a Theme by Thomas Tallis (Sir Adrian Boult / LPO)
10. Canteloube: Chants d'auvergne, Bailero (Arleen Auger)
11.Chopin: Nocturne #1 in B-flat minor (Samson François)
12. Faure: Requiem – In Paradisum (Choir of King's College, Cambridge / Stephen Cleobury)
13. Bach: Goldberg Variation – Aria (Maria Tipo)
14 . Debussy: La Fille Aux Cheveux de Lin (Moura Lympany)
15. Bach: Jesu Joy of Man's Desiring (Alexis Weissenberg)
Click here to preview the music and pre-order it now.
Ah, what will they think of next? No, please don't answer that. Please don't.
PJ Gach is Senior Editor: Style + Beauty at BettyConfidential.


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Most libraries separate mysteries from other fiction titles. Some also pull out other genre – westerns, science fiction, historical fiction, romance, for example. There was a time when it was obvious if a title fit a particular genre, but that's not so true any longer for many titles.
I recently read an article on the dilemma this is presenting for booksellers. They call it genre-bending and give examples of titles that feature time travel, mystery and historical fiction all in one. Where does such a title belong to catch the eye of a bookstore browser and hopefully lead to a sale? The article's author wonders if we need extensive testing to determine the genetic genre makeup of some titles!
Libraries face the same situation. If we put the right book in the wrong place, the right reader won't find it if they are browsing. Some librarians believe genre classifications are going the way of top hat or, to continue to be useful to readers, will need to be even further fragmented. This issue can be addressed through the library catalog when a title is given multiple subject headings, but many readers browse the shelves for a good book they don't browse the catalog.
I don't see KPL creating additional genre collections for fiction. However, our staff is always available to help readers find a good book in any specific or multiple genre category. Our staff have varied reading interests and we have reader advisory tools to help to.
Come visit soon. We'll be glad to help you find a good book or just browse.
Posted by Ann Rohrbaugh at 06/07/2010 10:01:19 AM |
Books for: Kids, Teens & Tweens


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2011-12 Rider Athletes of the Year
Rider Athletes of the Year
LAWRENCEVILLE-James Burroughs of the track & field team, Virginia Egusquiza of the field hockey team and Mike Murphy of the baseball team were named the Rider University Athletes of the Year for the 2011-12 academic year.
Burroughs, a junior from West Orange, NJ, won two events at the Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference Championships and earned All-East honors in the 110 hurdles as an NCAA Regional Qualifier.
"This is a great honor, especially when you consider all the great athletes we have at Rider," said Burroughs, who set a MAAC record in the 400 hurdles this year.
Egusquiza, a senior from Getxo, Spain, was the Northeast Conference Player of the Year and Championship Tournament MVP, earning All-America honors by the NFHCA (Third Team) and Synapse Field Hockey.com (Second Team).
"My senior year was the year I enjoyed the most," said Egusquiza, who was seventh in the nation in assists, 12th in points and 28th in goals per game and led Rider to a 19-2 record, with the season ending in overtime in the NCAA Play-In. "I think we did a really good job playing against Princeton the NCAA play-in game. It was amazing. I wish I still had a few more years playing for Rider."
Murphy, a third-year sophomore from Hamilton, NJ, was the MAAC Pitcher of the Year after missing the entire 2010-11 season with arm surgery.
"Getting this award is pretty cool," said Murphy, a 6'2", 195 pound right-hander who went 5-1 in the MAAC, facing the opponents' top pitcher each week in the first game of the three-game series. "It is not something I was striving for but it makes me happy because of all the hard work I had to put in to come back."
Overall, Murphy was third in the MAAC in innings pitched, fifth in earned run average and sixth in the conference in strike outs. Murphy led the Broncs to the MAAC playoffs for the fifth straight year.
"I remember the first game I pitched this season," Murphy said. "It was my first game in a long time and I was so excited just to be out there. Physically I was fine but I was nervous about how effective I would be. I didn't really know what to expect this year."
Egusquiza, also the 2010-11 Rider Athlete of the Year, was selected to play in the Senior All-Star game in Louisville, Kentucky.
"Winning the athlete of the year award two years in a row has been gratifying and fulfilling," said Egusquiza. "I realized that hard work pays off. I wish I was just a freshman to have four more years in front of me to enjoy Rider field hockey. Concerning the all-star game, it was a pleasure for me to play in that game. It was so much fun playing with those girls from all over the country and against the national team. It was a very high level of playing and very enjoyable."
Egusquiza graduated with Rider career records for points and assists and ranked sixth in career goals. "I am going to miss belonging to such an awesome program as the one at Rider," she said. "I tried to enjoy this past season the most because I knew next year I would be in Spain and will not be able to play again in Division I sports, so I did, I enjoyed it the most."
Burroughs qualified for the Eastern Championships (IC4A) in four outdoor events (110 hurdles, 400 hurdles, 4x100, 4x400 relays) in the spring after qualifying for two events(60m hurdles, 4x400 relay) in the winter, and came home with All-East honors for the second year in a row.
"It was a good year," Burroughs said.


text:
Executive Committee Meeting Notes
Friday, August 22, 2008
8:30 a.m., Ka Lama 102
In attendance: Pat Adams, Herman Andaya, Kim Gray, Michele Katsutani, Katie McMillan, Diane Meyer, Karen Muraoka, Suzette Robinson, Clyde Sakamoto, Alvin Tagomori
Guest: Elaine Yamashita
Agenda Item
Discussion Notes
Action Items
1. Enrollment Report - Alvin
▪ Enrollment currently 3,022 vs. 2,980 last year at this time; continuing students,1,515; new, returning, transfer students, 1,507
▪ Student semester hours, 1,997; tuition revenues, $2,280,699
▪ Outreach enrollments: Hana, 13; Lahaina, 56; Kihei, 7; Lanai,17; Molokai, 222
▪ Enrollment by majors was also shared (attached). ECED (Early Childhood Education) exists in our system but not on our campus
▪ Timing & designations of majors are sometimes being done based on financial aid
▪ Re-examination of tuition refund dates to be put on future meeting agenda
▪ Elaine & Suzette to work on having ECED (Early Childhood Education) as a separate listing. Suzette will provide update.
2. Student Housing - Alvin
▪ Hale Haumana, 26; Kulanaa'o, 81
▪ Thefts reported at dorms. Security camera not in operation at the time. Solutions discussed, including possible restitution from foundation account; group contributions; loan of laptop; bookstore discounts; ensure ongoing safety briefings; repair (if necessary) of security cameras.
▪ David to analyze dorm rate adjustment feasibility
▪ Alvin discussing security with Cary Lefton.
▪ David to look into foundation assistance.
▪ Katie to organize fundraising efforts.
▪ Suzette to look into loan of a laptop.
▪ Possibility of bookstore discounts.
▪ Security briefings to be ongoing
▪ Security cameras to be checked
3. Student Orientation - Alvin
▪ Number of students attending new student orientation, 413; general orientation,102. Students signed up for Saturday orientation, 85
▪ Chancellor commended Student Services for their efforts. Chancellor also commended Suzette, Diane, and Pat for the New Faculty Orientation.
▪ Objectives & format of orientations need to be planned & engaging
▪ Online orientation follow-up to be scheduled for next meeting agenda
4. Academic Affairs – Suzette
▪ Planning Documents
Weekend College
Dental Hygiene
Class Cutting Report
▪ Dept chairs continue to follow up with continuing students, encouraging them to register
▪ Applied Engineering – Mark Hoffman working on
▪ Information Technology -- Margaret Christensen working with her department for most feasible timeline
▪ Sustainable Sciences – searching for consultant
▪ Gerontology – ATP submitted to system & on agenda for Academic Senate. BK has been briefed on ATP progress.
▪ Weekend College updates: English, 19 students; Sociology, 24 students
▪ Some students who attended the weekend college information sessions were placed in other evening classes, according to their needs
▪ Cohort cohesion – working on strategies
▪ Consider opening classes to non-cohort students when space is available
▪ Discussion on cohort enrollment numbers
▪ Discussed enrollment growth fund strategies
▪ Pre-Accreditation Visit – October 9-10, 2008
▪ Class cutting report/process shared
▪ Fall 2007 – 425 classes net
▪ Fall 2008 – 452 classes net
▪ Added 37 classes to meet student needs
▪ Suzette to talk with BK about ATP's. Clyde & Suzette to discuss with Academic Senate
▪ Keeping track of enrollment growth fund
5. 5. Revenue and Budget Update -- David
▪ Maui's restriction portion - $59,000; prorated formula was shared & discussed. Several factors were considered in determining MCC's portion: vacancy savings, old vacancy savings (2 years old), general fund appropriation, cash balance.
▪ Additional restriction is probable this fiscal year. $336,017 carry-over savings. Since more restrictions are anticipated, the carry-over savings will remain as is.
▪ Budget was approved as presented
6. Chancellor's Report
▪ International Report -- Suzette
▪ Status of International report discussed
▪ Change in procedure because of new chair. Report presented at the Council of Chancellors meeting was intended as a working draft for Chancellors' review and input.
▪ Suzette to work with Alice Luther and Leon Richards on revising the report
▪ National Science Foundation – Clyde
▪ MEDB event
▪ Head of NSF, Dr. Bement, was here 8/21/08
▪ Janet already working with George Wilson (NSF liaison)
▪ Dr. Bement is interested in working with Kamehameha Schools and DOE; Maui CC's move towards baccalaureates; a marriage between culture and science; and especially sustainability.
▪ Dr. Bement will be bringing in a team of scientists in December; proposal process could start earlier
▪ MEDB raised $186,000 at event
▪ Suzette to work with Janet to identify programs that could be funded by NSF (math, instruction, biology, ocean science)
▪ Maui CC must express what kind of interest the college may have
▪ Convocation recap
▪ Discussion on new time change
▪ Discussion on campus connectivity slowdowns; shared IP's
▪ Survey monkey to go out
▪ Herman to share convocation feedback & follow-up on next agenda
▪ Bookstore grand opening
▪ Pilina grand opening
▪ Bookstore grand opening scheduled for September 4th
▪ Date for Pilina grand opening discussed
▪ Suzette to follow up on invitations for Pilina grand opening & work with Alvin & David on appropriate date
6. Upcoming Events
▪ First Day of Instruction: August 25, 2008
▪ Tenure and Promotion meeting with UHPA Rep and Sandra Uyeno:– September 6, 2008, 2:00 p.m., Ka`a`ike 109
▪ Board of Regents meeting. – October 23, 2008
▪ NSF Day Conference – December 3 & 4, 2008


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News & Events
Ongoing Investigation of Salmonella Saintpaul Outbreak
Statement of
David Acheson, M.D., F.R.C.P.
Associate Commissioner for Foods
Food and Drug Administration
the Subcommitee on Oversight and Investigations
House Committee on Energy and Commerce
July 31, 2008
Good morning, Chairman Stupak and Members of the Subcommittee. I am Dr. David Acheson, Associate Commissioner for Foods at the Food and Drug Administration (FDA or the Agency), which is part of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). I am pleased to be here today with my colleague, Dr. Lonnie J. King, from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which is also part of HHS. FDA appreciates the opportunity to discuss the recent foodborne illness outbreak associated with fresh produce contaminated with Salmonella Saintpaul and the measures we are taking to enhance the safety of fresh produce and to enhance traceability.
FDA is the Federal agency that regulates almost everything we eat except for meat, poultry, and processed egg products, which are regulated by our partners at the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). FDA is committed to ensuring that America's food supply continues to be among the safest in the world.
There is no question that the Salmonella Saintpaul outbreak investigation has been one of the most complex investigations in recent memory. I assure you that FDA is committed to working with all our food safety partners to examine ways to remove or mitigate some of the complicating factors to expedite tracebacks. In my testimony, I will discuss some of the factors that made this investigation so complex. I will also describe some of the challenges we face both in preventing fresh produce from becoming contaminated in the first place and in investigating outbreaks associated with fresh produce. I will also discuss some of the specific measures FDA is taking to enhance the safety of fresh produce and other foods to prevent future outbreaks and to improve traceability when an outbreak occurs.
Food can become contaminated at many different steps – on the farm, in processing or distribution facilities, during transit, at retail and food service establishments, and in the home. In recent years, we have done a great deal to prevent both intentional and unintentional contamination of food at each of these steps. FDA has worked with other Federal, state, local, tribal, and foreign counterpart food safety agencies, as well as with law enforcement and intelligence-gathering agencies, and with industry, consumer groups, and academia to significantly strengthen the nation's food safety and food defense system across the entire distribution chain.
This cooperation has resulted in greater awareness of potential vulnerabilities, the creation of more effective prevention programs, new surveillance systems, and the ability to respond more quickly to outbreaks of foodborne illness. However, changes in consumer preferences, changes in industry practices, and the rising volume of imports posed challenges that required us to adapt our current food protection strategies and to develop the Food Protection Plan and the Action Plan for Import Safety, which I will discuss later in my testimony.
The number of illnesses associated with fresh produce is a continuing concern for FDA, and we have worked on a number of initiatives to reduce the presence of pathogens in these foods. Fresh produce presents special challenges. For example, consumption of produce, particularly "ready-to-eat" products, has increased dramatically during the past decade. This is a positive development from a nutrition perspective, but also a new dynamic that challenges our food safety efforts.
Because most produce is grown in an outdoor environment, it is vulnerable to contamination from pathogens that may be present in the soil, in agricultural or processing water, in manure used as fertilizer, or due to the presence of animals in or near fields or packing areas. Produce also may be vulnerable to contamination due to inadequate worker health and hygiene protections, environmental conditions, inadequate production safeguards, and inadequate sanitation of equipment and facilities. Fresh produce is produced on tens of thousands of farms, and contamination at one step in the growing, packing, and processing chain can be amplified throughout the subsequent steps. The fact that produce is often consumed raw or with only minimal processing, without any type of intervention that would eliminate pathogens (if they are present) prior to consumption, contributes to its potential as a source of foodborne illness.
Consequently, addressing the way fresh produce is grown, harvested, and moved from field to fork is crucial to minimizing the risk of microbial contamination. In recent years, FDA has initiated several activities to address safety concerns associated with the production of fresh produce. Some of these activities include: working with industry to develop guidance on ways to prevent or minimize potential contamination, conducting educational outreach to consumers on safe food handling practices, sampling and analyzing both domestic and imported produce for pathogens, and working with industry and foreign countries to promote the use of good growing, harvesting, packing, transporting, and processing practices. For example, just last month, FDA provided training in good agricultural practices in Costa Rica.
Research is also a critical element of our efforts to improve the safety of fresh produce. Our current research agenda is focused on improving the identification and detection of disease-causing bacteria and toxins in a variety of foods. More rapid and precise testing methods to identify contaminants are important for detecting contamination if it is present and minimizing the spread of foodborne disease once it occurs. In addition, we are working with academia, industry, other Federal agencies, and state governments to develop both risk-based microbiological research programs and technology transfer programs to ensure that the latest food technology reaches the appropriate end users along the supply chain.
I would now like to provide a brief description of the typical traceback process.
Once CDC, through its epidemiological investigation which involves working with state and local governments, identifies the possible food(s) associated with a foodborne illness outbreak, CDC notifies FDA. At that point, we start our traceback investigation to identify the source of the contamination. We work with industry and with local, state, and Federal officials, and, when needed, with foreign governments, to identify the source of the contamination. We do this by tracing the food suspected of being the vehicle for transmitting the pathogen back through the supply chain from the retailer or restaurant and inspecting or investigating points throughout the supply chain to determine where the contamination most likely occurred. Tracing food requires us to find and examine documentation (such as bills of lading and invoices) for the product throughout the supply chain. We also obtain information on the practices and conditions under which the product was stored and handled at each point to better determine shipments of interest and whether contamination may have occurred at each point.
Traceback investigations involving fresh produce are more difficult because the food is perishable and is usually no longer available for testing by the time consumers become ill. In addition, fresh fruits and vegetables are often sold loose without any packaging that could provide information about its source. Further, practices such as packing or repacking produce from multiple sources add complexity to traceback investigations. As each traceback investigation is different, I would like to mention three recent examples which illustrate the different degrees of difficulty.
Peanut Butter
In 2007, CDC notified FDA of a multi-state outbreak of Salmonella Tennessee infections associated with the consumption of peanut butter. In this case, because it was not a perishable food, consumers who had become ill still had jars of peanut butter available for testing. This enabled investigators to confirm the presence in that food of the contaminant associated with the outbreak. Further, because the food was packaged, the investigators were able to identify the manufacturer through the information on the jars. This is an example of a rapid traceback in which the necessary information was readily available.
Fresh Spinach
In 2006, CDC informed FDA of a multi-state outbreak of illnesses associated with the consumption of fresh spinach contaminated with Escherichia coli O157:H7. Although this outbreak involved a perishable food, the food was sold in a package. The traceback investigation was facilitated because several consumers who had become ill still had packages of fresh spinach in their refrigerators. The information on those packages ultimately led investigators to the spinach processors. By looking at the processor's records, the investigators were able to identify the implicated farms associated with the identified production lot of bagged spinach. This is an example of a traceback of medium complexity that took a little longer than the peanut butter example but which was aided by the information on the package./p>
Salmonella Saintpaul
The current outbreak investigation, which initially focused on certain types of raw tomatoes, provides an example of one of the most difficult traceback investigations. On May 26, CDC informed FDA of the hypothesis of a possible association between ill persons and the consumption of raw tomatoes. On May 31, CDC formally notified FDA of a significant statistical association between consumption of certain types of tomatoes and a multi-state outbreak of Salmonella Saintpaul infections, and FDA decided to initiate investigations attempting to trace the tomatoes reported to have been eaten by ill persons back to their sources. >Raw tomatoes are a perishable commodity and, thus, are unlikely to be in the consumer's home after the consumer becomes ill, obtains a diagnosis, and a foodborne illness outbreak is identified. Further, raw tomatoes are often sold loose, without any form of packaging. In this case, we learned that many tomatoes had been shipped to washing, packing, and repacking facilities where they were or might have been commingled with other tomatoes from many different sources. This commingling has the potential to multiply the quantity of food that is contaminated. It also increases the difficulty in determining which tomatoes were the source of the illnesses. A further complicating factor was caused by entities in the supply chain using different terminology to describe the tomatoes. For example, one party might describe the tomatoes as "hothouse" or "greenhouse" tomatoes while the next party in the chain might describe them simply as "tomato bulk." Yet another party might use a descriptor such as "green six-by-six." This lack of consistency in nomenclature makes it more difficult and more time-consuming to connect the links in the chain and to identify the source of the tomatoes.
Since May 31, many FDA employees in the field and at headquarters have been working continuously on the outbreak investigation to identify the source(s) of the illnesses. To help the public distinguish tomatoes not associated with the outbreak, FDA adopted the policy of specifically designating the types of tomatoes implicated in the outbreak as well as listing growing areas that were not part of the outbreak. Based on information provided by CDC, state officials, and from our own investigations, FDA has been regularly updating the information on its website, conducting media calls, and updating our Federal, state, and local partners, along with the affected industries.
As is our usual course, FDA's recommendations for consumers were focused on protecting public health and were based on epidemiological information from the state agencies and CDC. From them we learned initially that illness was statistically linked to consumption of raw tomatoes. Ill persons reported consuming red round, red plum, and red Roma tomatoes. Because few ill persons had reported consuming other types of tomatoes, we advised consumers that these other types of tomatoes had not been implicated. We also had information from our ongoing traceback investigation that a limited number of geographic regions were being identified as possible sources of the tomatoes that were associated with the outbreak. A number of states informed FDA that growers within their jurisdictions either were not shipping tomatoes during the period of concern or they would not have shipped tomatoes as widely as would have been required to account for this multi-state outbreak. This aggregated information allowed us to advise consumers that they could eat certain types of tomatoes and all tomatoes from a number of countries and states (or from certain regions within a state) with confidence that they were not from the sources that were identified in the traceback investigation.
On June 30, CDC advised FDA that their epidemiological data from the ongoing outbreak indicated that jalapeño and Serrano peppers also might be implicated in the outbreak. Accordingly, on July 1, FDA expanded its investigation into peppers as well and advised consumers at increased risk of complications from infection (elderly persons, infants, and persons with impaired immune systems) not to consume raw Serrano and jalapeño peppers.
On July 17, FDA lifted its warning to consumers to avoid certain types of raw tomatoes. FDA announced that tomatoes currently on the market are not considered to be a possible source of the continuing Salmonella Saintpaul illnesses because the tomatoes coming to market now are harvested from different growing areas than those initially implicated. We also reiterated our recommendation to consumers at increased risk of infection to avoid eating Serrano and jalapeño peppers while the investigation continues.
On July 21, FDA announced that one of the jalapeño pepper samples we tested is a genetic match with the outbreak serotype, Salmonella Saintpaul. This finding is strong evidence that jalapeño peppers were involved in the outbreak; however, it does not exonerate other foods. While this one positive sample does not provide the whole story, this genetic match is an important break in the case that we hope will help us pinpoint the source of the contamination. FDA obtained the jalapeño pepper sample during an inspection of the Agricola Zaragoza produce distribution center in McAllen, Texas. The company voluntarily issued a recall. The pepper was grown in Mexico, but that did not mean the pepper was contaminated in Mexico. We continued to investigate the source of the contamination./p>
Based on this finding, on July 21, FDA advised consumers to avoid eating fresh jalapeño peppers and foods made with them. This advisory did not include cooked or pickled jalapeño peppers. As the traceback investigation continued into the source of the pepper's contamination, the review of the current traceback investigation and harvesting dates, matched with the dates that people became ill, combined to indicate that the contaminated jalapeño pepper originated in Mexico and not at the plant in Texas. Therefore, on July 25, FDA announced that there was no indication that domestically grown jalapeño or Serrano peppers are implicated in the outbreak. We updated our consumer advisory to indicate that our advice to avoid raw jalapeño and Serrano peppers now applies only to peppers grown, harvested, or packed in Mexico. In addition to domestically grown raw jalapeño and Serrano peppers, canned, pickled, and cooked jalapeño and Serrano peppers from any and all geographic locations also are not connected with this outbreak. Serrano and jalapeño peppers are often grown together, are often served in the same foods, and often travel along the same distribution routes. The finding of the contaminated jalapeño pepper does not mean that Serrano peppers were not also associated with the outbreak.
We are working with state regulatory agencies and the food industry, including restaurants, grocery store chains, and wholesalers to ensure that this new, more narrowly focused advisory is clearly understood by everyone. Our investigation into the source of the contamination is ongoing. We will continue to refine our consumer guidance as our investigation continues.
I would now like to describe some of our recent activities to improve traceability of fresh produce.
The ability to trace pathways of any food, including tomatoes and other fresh produce, through every point in the supply chain is crucial for limiting foodborne illness in an outbreak, for preventing future outbreaks, and for reducing the impact on the segments of the industry whose products were not associated with the illnesses. The pathways that fresh produce travels from field to consumer have become increasingly complex, with items sometimes changing hands many times in the supply chain.
FDA formed an internal multi-Center group to meet with external entities (such as industry, consumers, and Federal, state, local, and foreign governments) to better understand the universe of track and trace systems that are currently in use or being developed. FDA has reached out to various organizations, including trade associations and consumer groups, to gain a better understanding of best industry practices for traceability, including the use of electronic and other technologies that speed and enhance the traceback process and the use of systems that connect all the links in the produce supply chain. FDA is using this information to develop recommendations for the fresh produce industry to use to improve its internal traceback systems. We plan to hold a public meeting in the fall to further the exchange of information on available technology and best practices for enhanced traceability.
We have been working extensively with states and the fresh produce industry to encourage incorporation of traceability procedures and technology. For example, FDA assisted the Florida Tomato Commission and the University of Florida/Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences in the development of Florida's Tomato Best Practices Manual. This Manual incorporates Good Agricultural Practices, Good Handling Practices, and traceability recommendations for industry. The Manual formed the basis of the State of Florida's tomato safety rule.
Another recent example is the final guidance for the fresh-cut produce industry, which FDA issued this year. The guidance includes a section on tracebacks and a section on documentation and recordkeeping. FDA also has provided industry its "Guide to Traceback of Fresh Fruits and Vegetables Implicated in Epidemiological Investigations," which is used by our investigators.
Last month, FDA issued a Request for Applications to provide funding to six states to establish Food Protection Rapid Response Teams to investigate multi-state outbreaks of foodborne illness. Enhancing the infrastructure of state food protection programs and strengthening joint Federal/state responsiveness at a local level are an important way to protect consumers by expediting traceback investigations.
We will continue to work with Federal, state, local and international food safety partners and with industry to develop guidance, conduct research, develop educational outreach materials, and initiate other commodity-, practice-, or region-specific programs to enhance the safety of fresh produce.
To enhance safety across the range of imported consumer products, last November, Secretary Leavitt presented to the President an Action Plan for Import Safety (Action Plan) which reflects the input of twelve Departments and Agencies and provides recommendations to enhance the safety of imported products. In conjunction with the Action Plan, FDA released the Food Protection Plan, which provides a framework to identify and counter potential hazards with respect to both domestic and imported food. Achieving the food safety enhancements identified by these plans will require the involvement of all our food safety partners – Federal, state, local, tribal, and foreign governments; industry; academia; consumers; and Congress. Both Plans build in safety measures across a product's life cycle, from the time a food is produced to the time it is distributed and consumed. They encompass three core elements: prevention, intervention, and response.
The Food Protection Plan identified ten legislative authorities necessary for achieving full implementation. These authorities would:
- Allow FDA to require preventive controls against intentional adulteration at points of high vulnerability in the food chain;
- Authorize FDA to issue additional preventive controls for certain high-risk foods;
- Require food facilities to renew their FDA registrations at least every two years and allow FDA to modify the current food product categories for purposes of registration;
- Authorize FDA to accredit highly-qualified third parties for voluntary food inspections;
- Require a new reinspection fee from facilities that fail to meet current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMPS) requirements;
- Empower FDA to require electronic import certificates for shipments of designated high-risk products from countries with which FDA has concluded an agreement on a certification program that provides a level of safety sufficient to meet FDA standards;
- Allow FDA to charge export certification fees for food and animal feed to improve the ability of U.S. firms to export their products;
- Authorize FDA to refuse admission of imported food if FDA inspection access is delayed, limited or denied;
- Empower FDA to issue a mandatory recall of food products if voluntary recalls are not effective; and
- Give FDA enhanced access to food records during emergencies.
We appreciate the work of this Committee in drafting legislation intended to help provide these authorities. We look forward to continuing to work with you to develop this important legislation.
Last month, the Secretary announced that the Administration is increasing its Fiscal Year (FY) 2009 budget request for FDA by $275 million. This increase brings the Administration's total proposed increase in FDA's budget, including user fees, for FY 2009 to $406.3 million, a 17.9% increase over FY 2008. A large portion of this increase ($125 million) will be used for food safety and will allow FDA to intensify actions to implement the Food Protection Plan. This is in addition to the $42.2 million increase proposed for food protection in the budget announced in February 2008.
On June 30, the President signed the FY 2008 Supplemental Appropriation into law. This appropriation act provided $150 million for FDA, and these resources will allow FDA to accelerate its transformation of its regulatory strategies to meet the challenges of the evolving global marketplace for food and medical products. The funds in the supplemental appropriations act will allow FDA to further implement the Food Protection Plan, the Action Plan for Import Safety, and important medical product priorities. It will specifically allow FDA to expand its food safety activities, such as increasing inspections, performing research on mechanisms of food contamination, establishing offices overseas to build capacity with our foreign partners, developing and validating more rapid detection tools, enhancing our information technology systems to support interoperable databases, and enhancing FDA's ability to identify and target the greatest threats from intentional and unintentional contamination.
FDA is working hard to ensure the safety of food, in collaboration with its Federal, state, local, tribal, and international food safety partners, and with industry, consumers, and academia. As a result of this effective collaboration, the American food supply continues to be among the safest in the world. However, the Salmonella Saintpaul foodborne illness outbreak underscores the challenges we face. Once our investigation has determined the cause of the Salmonella contamination, we will examine what other measures are needed.
In the meantime, we have been making progress and are moving forward to implement the Plans. We recently issued 6-month updates that demonstrate the specific actions we have been taking to implement the Plans. For example, we have formed a Risk-Based Steering Committee with the charge of ensuring that a comprehensive risk-based approach is taken with regard to food protection. We are holding a 50-state meeting in August to share information and develop strategies for implementing the Food Protection Plan and to enhance future collaborations between Federal, state, and local partners. Progress also has been made in identifying food vulnerabilities and mitigation strategies; for example, FDA has identified several natural plant bacteria that are effective in preventing contamination of tomatoes with Salmonella Newport. FDA scientists received training and instruments to rapidly detect and accurately identify Salmonella serovars using a new molecular method. We have strengthened the response to food safety threats by providing incident command system training to our FDA offices around the country and to states and by developing templates to enhance communication during a food recall. We will continue to strive to reduce the incidence of foodborne illness to the lowest level possible.
Thank you for the opportunity to discuss FDA's continuing efforts to enhance food safety and traceability. I would be happy to answer any questions.


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