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The ethno-linguistic composition of the population of South Asia, that is the nations of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Maldives and Sri Lanka is highly diverse.[1] The majority of the population fall within two large linguistic groups, Indo-Aryan and Dravidian.[2] Indian society is traditionally divided into castes or clans, not ethnicities, and these categories have had no official status since independence in 1947, except for the scheduled castes and tribes which remain registered for the purpose of affirmative action. In today's India, the population is categorized in terms of the 1,652 mother tongues spoken.
These groups are further subdivided into numerous sub-groups, castes and tribes. Indo-Aryans form the predominant ethno-linguistic group in Northern India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka and the Maldives. Dravidians form the predominant ethno-linguistic group in southern India and the northern and eastern regions of Sri Lanka, and a small pocket in Pakistan. Iranian peoples, grouped with Indo-Aryans in the Indo-Iranian language group, also have a significant presence in South Asia, the large majority of whom are located in Pakistan, with heavy concentrations in Balochistan, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa and Federally Administered Tribal Areas. Dardic peoples form a minority among the Indo-Aryans. They are classified as belonging to the Indo-Aryan language group,[3] though sometimes they are also classified as external to the Indo-Aryan branch.[4] They speak an Iranian language which is not at all related to Indian languages. They are found in northern Pakistan (Northern Areas and Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa) and in Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Minority groups not falling within either large group mostly speak languages belonging to the Austroasiatic and Tibeto-Burman language families, and mostly live around Ladakh and Northeast India, Nepal, Bhutan, and the Chittagong Division of Bangladesh. The Andamanese (Sentinel, Onge, Jarawa, Great Andamanese) live on some of the Andaman Islands and speak a language isolate, as do the Kusunda in central Nepal,[5] the Vedda in Sri Lanka, and the Nihali of central India, who number about 5000 people. The people of the Hunza valley in Pakistan are another distinct population. They speak Burushaski, a language isolate.
The traditions of different ethnic groups in South Asia have diverged, influenced by external cultures, especially in the northwestern parts of South Asia (where Turkic and Iranian peoples have had much influence) and in the border regions and busy ports, where there are greater levels of contact with external cultures. This is particularly true for many ethnic groups in the northeastern parts of South Asia who are ethnically and culturally related to peoples of the Far East. The largest ethno-linguistic group in South Asia are the Indo-Aryans, numbering around 1 billion, and the largest sub-group are the native speakers of Hindi languages, numbering more than 470 million.
These groups are based solely on a linguistic basis and not on genetic basis. Genetically all south asians are a mixture of Indian and Indo-European genetics.
List of ethnic groups on the basis of languageEdit
People who speak an Indo-Aryan language.
Most of the North Indian population is of Indo-Aryan descent. The Ra1a1 gene haplotype is found in at least 50% of the populations from North/East India to Central Asia and Eastern Europe.
- Assamese people (i.e. the Assamese speakers of the Brahmaputra valley, not to be confused with the multi-ethnic people of Assam)[6]
- Bengali people
- Bihari people
- Bhumihar people
- Dhivehi people
- Gujarati people
- Saurashtra people
- Hindkis
- Hindkowans
- Kannadigas
- Marathi people
- Muhajir people
- Oriya people
- Paharis
- Punjabi people
- Rajasthanis
- Seraikis
- Sinhalese people
- Sindhi people
- Tharu people
Iranian peopleEdit
Dardic peoplesEdit
The Dardic languages are largely seen as Indo-Aryan, but are sometimes seen as a separate Indo-Iranian branch.
Dravidian peoples Edit
- Bhil
- Bonda
- Brahui people
- Beary
- Kurukh (Oraon)
- Dongria Kondha
- Khonds
- Gondi people
- Kannadigas
- Malayalis
- Native Hindus
- Mappilas Muslims of North Kerala comprising two groups
- a group which has partial Persian/Arab ancestry through traders but speaks Dravidian language Malayalam
- a group which includes converts to Islam from north Kerala native Hindus
- Muslims of South Kerala which includes converts from native Hindus
- Cochin Jews
- Syrian Malabar Nasrani
- Malto people
- Tamil people
- Telugu people
- Toda people
- Irulas
Austroasiatic peoplesEdit
- Munda peoples
- Khasi people
- Nicobarese people
Tibeto-Burman peoplesEdit
- Tibetans and Tibetan-speaking speaking peoples
- Bodo-Kachari people
- Chakma
- Chepang
- Gurung
- Karbi people or Mikir
- Kirat people
- Lepcha people
- Magar people
- Manipuri or Meithei people
- Naga people
- Newar people
- Tamang
- Thakali
- Thami
- Tripuris
- Memba
- Khowa
- Nishi
Turko-Mongol peoplesEdit
- Turkish Indian
- Mughal (Moghul)
- Hazaras (Turko-Mongol origins, but Iranian language)
- possibly Hunza (may be related to Yenisei Siberians[citation needed])
Austronesian peoplesEdit
Semitic peoplesEdit
- Indian Jews
- Cochin Jews (Malayali Jews)
- Bene Israel (Marathi Jews)
- Baghdadi Jews (Arab Jews in Bengal)
- Bnei Menashe (Mizo and Kuki Jews)
- Bene Ephraim (Telugu Jews)
- Syrian Malabar Nasranis are descendents of both Hindu and Jewish converts to Christianity
- Knanaya(a sub-group of Syrian Malabar Nasranis)
- Paradesi Jews (European Jews in India)
- Arabs or mixed Arab and Indo-Aryan or Dravidian
- Iranian Arabians
- Konkani Muslims (trace ancestry to Arab traders on the west coast of India)
- Mappila (( Muslims of Malabar(North Kerala)- ancestry to Arab or Persian traders who intermarried Nair/ Menon /Nambiar (upper class descents) or Thiyya /Mukkuva(lower class descents) of Hindu community of North Kerala))
- Sri Lankan Moors ( trace ancestry to Arab traders who settled in Sri Lanka)
- Muhajirs
- Iraqi biradri A community of Muslims in north India
- Deccan A community of Muslims in Southern and Northern parts of the Deccan Plateau such as Hyderabadi Muslims
- Labbay Arab traders who settled in South India (trace ancestry back to Egyptian traders)
- Memons Possibly the earliest Muslims to arrive in India,(trace ancestry to Syrians who came with Muhammad Bin Qasim) during the expedition of Sindh.
- Boras Trace ancestors to Arab traders and Merchants.
- Chaush Trace ancestors to traders from Yemen
- Punjabi Shaikhs Dawah workers that arrived in India
Tai peoplesEdit
- Ahom people
- Tai Aiton
- Tai Khampti
- Tai Phake or Tai Phakial
- Tai Turung
European and Eurasian peoplesEdit
- African Pakistani
- Sheedis/Siddis, an ethnic community of Black African descent
- Siddi
- Siddis of Karnataka, an ethnic community of Black African descent
- Sri Lanka Kaffirs
Andamanese and Nicobarese GroupsEdit
- Great Andamanese of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- Jangil of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- Jarawa of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- Onge of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- Sentinelese of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Linguistically isolate groupsEdit
Many South Asian ethnic groups and nationalities have substantial diasporas outside of South Asia.
- South Asian American
- South Asian Canadian
- British Asian
- South Asian Australian
- Indo Kiwi
- Indians in Singapore
- Malaysian Indian
- Indian Indonesian
- Indo-Mauritian
- Indo-Caribbean
- Burmese Indians
- South Asians in Hong Kong
- South Asians in the Philippines
- Indians in Germany
- Indian South Africans
- Indians in Botswana
- Indians in Kenya
- Indians in Madagascar
- Indo-Mauritian
- Indians in Mozambique
- Indo-Réunionnaise
- Indo-Seychellois
- Indians in Tanzania
- Indians in Uganda
- Indians in Zambia
- Indians in Zimbabwe
- Indians in Iran
- Indians in Thailand
- Indians in the United Arab Emirates
- Indians in Vietnam
- Indians in Barbados
- Indians in Belize
- Indo-Guyanese
- Indo-Grenadians
- Indians in Guadeloupe
- Indians in Panama
- Indians in Belgium
- Indian diaspora in France
- Indians in Israel
- Indians in Italy
- Indians in Portugal
- Indian community in Spain
- Indo-Surinamese
- Indo-Fijian
- Indians in New Caledonia
See also Punjabi diaspora, Bangladeshi diaspora, Tamil diaspora, Pakistani diaspora, Sri Lankan Tamil diaspora and Indian diaspora.
Two (or possibly three) other people groups have ethnic and linguistic ties with the region:
- Dom people
- Romani people
- Lom people (who speak a language both related to Indo-Aryan and Armenian)
See alsoEdit
- Asians
- Assamese people
- Desi
- Ethnic groups in Pakistan
- Genetics and Archaeogenetics of South Asia
- Y-DNA haplogroups in South Asian populations
- Hindus
- Historical definitions of races in India
- Languages of India
- Languages of Pakistan
- Languages of South Asia
- Indian diaspora
- Pakistani diaspora
- Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes
- Sikkimese people
- Southeast asian cultural groups
National demographics:
- Demographics of Afghanistan
- Demographics of Bangladesh
- Demographics of Bhutan
- Demographics of India
- Demographics of Iran
- Demographics of Maldives
- Demographics of Burma
- Demographics of Nepal
- Demographics of Pakistan
- Demographics of Sri Lanka
- ↑ UN Geoscheme.
- ↑ According to https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/region/region_sas.html (retrieved on October 2010), 98% of the population of Bangladesh are Bengali (Indo-Aryan), 72% of the population of India are Indo-Aryan and 25% are Dravidian, 44.68% of the population of Pakistan are Punjabi and 14.1% are Sindhi (two Indo-Aryan populations), and 73.8% of the population of Sri Lanka are Sinhalese (Indo-Aryan). Given the fact that India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka represent a huge mass of population (1 508 851 998) compared to Afghanistan, Buthan, Nepal and the Maldives (58 051 568), the majority of the population of South Asia are Indo-Aryan or Dravidian. Moreover, Nepal and Bhutan probably have an important part of their populations which are also Indo-Aryan. Feel free to check.
- ↑ G. Morgenstierne Irano-Dardica. Wiesbaden 1973; Morgenstierne, G. Indo-Iranian frontier languages. (Instituttet for Sammenlignende Kulturforskning. Publ. ser. B: Skrifter, no. 11, 35, 40) Oslo: H. Aschehoug, 1929 sqq, reprint Oslo 1973,C. Masica The Indo-Aryan languages, New York 1991, p. 21; R.L. Trail and G.R. Cooper, Kalasha Dictionary, Islamabad & High Wycombe 1999 p. xi; The Indo-Aryan languages, edited by George Cardona and Dhanesh Jain. London, New York : Routledge, 2003
- ↑ G.A. Grierson, The Pisaca Languages of North-Western India,Asiatic Society, London, 1906, repr. Delhi 1969, p. 4-6; still repeated in: History of Civilizations of Central Asia, Ahmad Hasan Dani, Vadim Mikhaĭlovich Masson, János Harmatta, Boris Abramovich Litvinovskiĭ, Clifford, 1999
- ↑ D.E. Watters, Notes on Kusunda (a language isolate of Nepal), Kathmandu 2005
- ↑ Yasmin Saikia. Fragmented Memories.
External linksEdit
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Back to the future
By Patty Kruszewski, Citizen Managing Editor 10/17/02
Ask a social scientist about the roots of sprawl, and he's likely to point to the 1950s economic boom, the rise of interstate highways and our American love affair with the automobile.
Ask William Abeloff, and he'll point to 1606 and the London founding of the Virginia Company.
In a narration rich with historical detail and quotes from 17th century documents, the recent speaker at a meeting of the Western Henrico Rotary Club drew frequent parallels between modern suburban developers and London investors of centuries ago – from their identical urges to develop "far-off, underutilized real estate" to their intense focus on the bottom line.
"[The Virginia Company venture] wasn't a venture into the unknown, or based on some romanticized ideal to develop the New World," Abeloff told the group. "It was based on economics and the opportunity to create new sources of revenues."
Reaching the falls of the James River a mere four days after the Jamestown landing, Captain Christopher Newport encountered a site that appeared made to order for his backers at the Virginia Company, who had instructed him to "find out a safe port in the entrance of some navigable river...and such a place you may perchance find a hundred miles from the river's mouth, and the further up the better."
The settlements that were soon to line the James in Richmond and Henrico, said Abeloff, can be viewed as examples of "the ultimate sprawl from downtown London."
And just as Henrico played a key role in the growth of that four-centuries-old venture into a new nation, it appears that the county will soon join another trailblazing effort – one that could set a precedent for the rest of the nation in reversing the sprawl so devastating to modern cities.
Abeloff, who converted tobacco warehouses into loft apartments to form the largest historical rehabilitation project in the United States (Richmond's Tobacco Row), has his eye now on a mile-long piece of riverfront straddling the city/county line at Rocketts Landing.
The run-down industrial district near the convergence of the Osborne Turnpike and Williamsburg Road, named for a ferry operated by Robert Rockett in 1730, was once the busiest port in the Western Hemisphere. But decades of neglect have left the once-bustling neighborhood languishing, said Abeloff, "like a piece of tarnished jewelry, practically right under our eyes.
"That industrial development has had the effect of cutting us off from that part of the river – with its large buildings and chain link fences blocking access," he added. "That's why if you haven't cruised on the Annabel Lee riverboat or driven down Route 5, chances are you have never seen Rocketts and don't even know where it is."
What's more, said Abeloff, "It's about one mile of choice riverfront property within walking distance of Tobacco Row, Church Hill, Shockoe Bottom, Shockoe Slip and even downtown that today pays the grand total of $50,000 a year in property taxes to Richmond and Henrico."
Abeloff's plan calls for private investment of $250 million to develop almost 50 acres into commercial offices and residential units, a green waterfront park and promenade, retail space, restaurants, hotel and boat dock – "all with absolutely spectacular views of the James River and downtown Richmond's skyline."
Investors in the project include such prominent Richmonders as James E. Ukrop, E. Claiborne Robins, Jr., and Circuit City chairman Richard L. Sharp; among Henrico supporters of the plan, Abeloff numbers county manager Virgil Hazelett (a member of the Rotary group who voiced his enthusiasm for the project at the meeting) and members of the Board of Supervisors. In August, the Board voted unanimously to adopt a new mixed-use zoning classification that will pave the way for the Henrico portion of the project, which is slated for the first phase of development.
Another of Abeloff's prominent allies is Virginia Secretary of Natural Resources Tayloe Murphy, a long-time conservationist who has hailed the project as a "crucial component of the emerging economic vitality of the City of Richmond...[and] a unique opportunity to address environmental, historic preservation and land development issues all at once."
As Abeloff noted, environmentalists find it easy to embrace the Rocketts project because it promises to enhance the environment as it boosts the tax base – unlike typical developments, which reap #their economic rewards at the expense of negative environmental effects. Foremost among the economic benefits of Rocketts Landing, said Abeloff, will be an estimated annual tax yield of $6 million for city and county treasuries.
By the end of October, Virginia's Department of Environmental Quality is expected to approve a plan of remediation for the project that Abeloff expects will become a model for brownfield development across the country.
"By re-using land so close to our downtown," he emphasized, "[Rocketts Landing] represents an anti-sprawl project reflecting the best aspects of smart growth. It represents brownfield redevelopment at its best – the antidote to sprawl."
On May 24, 2007 – 10 days after the celebration of Jamestown's quadricentennial – Richmond will mark the 400th anniversary of Christopher Newport's sail into the harbor. Abeloff hopes by then to have a riverfront village that will not only draw the locals to "live, work, shop and play," but will pull Jamestown tourists up Route 5 and I-64 to see what Richmond has to offer.
A self-described "recovering lawyer," Abeloff told the Rotary gathering at the Westwood Club that he grew up nearby in a red brick house at Club Lane and Libbie Avenue.
Perhaps the old golf course he had for a playground, or the horseback rides he took to Short Pump and back, Abeloff said, contributed to his interest in the environment and preservation. At any rate, he reflected, he and his fellow investors believe they have more at stake in the project than a simple return on investment.
"As I hope you can tell," Abeloff concluded, "we at Rocketts Landing are out to create something for Richmond that goes beyond a simple real estate development. We're trying to reclaim and re-use some of the most important, vibrant, historic property around.
"Most of us," he said, "see this as an opportunity to do something great for the place we love – our hometown."
Mother, son work to raise funds for Make-A-Wish
By Kyla Coleman, Special to the Citizen 07/23/2017 FeaturesGeneral News
A mother and son duo raising money for the Make-A-Wish Foundation.
Betsy Owen, Goochland County native, and her five year old son Israel have been making a difference in the Henrico community for two years. Owen works at Maggiano's Little Italy in Short Pump. Betsy and her fellow co-workers have split into teams to raise a total of $15,000 for Make-A-Wish. > Read more.
Eyes in the sky
By Patty Kruszewski, Citizen Managing Editor 07/21/2017 General NewsGovernment
Members of the Henrico Citizens Police Academy Alumni (pictured) got a rare peek at the "high" side of law enforcement recently, with a trip to the Metro Aviation Hangar adjacent to Richmond International Airport.
About 25 academy alumni gathered at the hangar July 11 to hear Officer Shaun McCarthy describe a typical day aloft - and some not so typical – in a Cessna owned by the Metro Aviation Unit. > Read more.
Rock on!
By Patty Kruszewski, Citizen Managing Editor 07/21/2017 FeaturesGeneral News
The painted rocks craze is thriving in Henrico, as a walk around the grounds of local libraries and parks will demonstrate. This rock was spotted near Libbie Mill Library, and there's a slideshow of many more uniquely-painted stones on the RVA Rocks Facebook page (https://facebook.com/groups/RVARocks/).
Painting and hiding rocks is a family activity appropriate for all ages, and parents especially like the way it fosters creativity and gets kids outdoors. > Read more.
Goochland man arrested at RIC with gun
Citizen Staff Reports 07/20/2017 General NewsPublic Safety
A Goochland County man was arrested at Richmond International Airport July 19 after Transportation Security Administration officers found a loaded semi-automatic handgun in the traveler's carry-on bag.
A TSA officer detected the 9 mm caliber handgun inside the man's carry-on bag as it entered the security checkpoint X-ray machine. The handgun was loaded with 12 bullets. > Read more.
Kansas man struck, killed while crossing West Broad Street
Citizen Staff Reports 07/20/2017 General NewsPublic Safety
A 54-year-old Kansas man was struck and killed by a car while attempting to cross West Broad Street near Bethlehem Road in the Near West End at about 10:30 p.m., July 19.
Julius A. McBride of Overland Park, Kansas, was struck by a car traveling east on West Broad Street. > Read more.
Julius A. McBride of Overland Park, Kansas, was struck by a car traveling east on West Broad Street. > Read more.
Kansas man struck, killed while crossing West Broad Street
Henrico Police warn citizens to 'Take it, Lock it or Lose it'
Glover to be inducted posthumously into Babe Ruth Hall of Fame
Rolls-Royce supplier lands in Henrico
New Walmart opens in Eastern Henrico
- More News
Print Edition
Jul. 20, 2017Current edition | Archive
Weekend Top 10
'Five Flights' opens July 20 at CAT Theatre
Henrico actress lands role in Christian TV series
All's fair in food and fun
Restaurant Watch
- More Entertainment
Obituary – Hoyle S. "Chick" Walters
Obituary – Janet Sue Vest
Obituary – Barbara Jean (Chilton) Crider
- More Obituaries
Glen Allen woman raising companion dog
Guided tour of Malvern Hill planned as part of 'History at Sunset' series
Anthem LemonAid registration now open
- More Community
Growing a grown-up: Part II
How to grow an adult
Make 'em take the pledge: no more snuff boxes!
- More Opinions
Code Lacrosse joins Richmond Strikers
5 Henrico student-athletes win scholarships at awards dinner
RIR to host playoff race in 2018
- More Sports
|July 2017
Place an Ad | More Classifieds
CalendarThe Innsbrook Executives' Breakfast Series continues at 7:15 a.m. at the Richmond Marriott Short Pump, 4240 Dominion Blvd. Latrell Scott, Norfolk State University's head football coach, will be the speaker. Scott, who previously coached at University of Richmond and Virginia State University, will present "Building a Culture in Football and Business." Cost is $25 to $30. The series continues on the third Thursday of every month. The meeting is open to all – you don't have to be an executive or work in Innsbrook to attend. For details, visit http://www.innsbrook.com. Full text

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- Admissions
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- Cost & Aid
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- About Plattsburgh
SUNY Plattsburgh's versatile human development & family relations major prepares students for a variety of career opportunities. Internship experiences allow you to get "hands on" experience in a real work setting, thereby increasing your marketability after graduation. The twelve-credit, full-time senior internship may be undertaken in a variety of local human service agencies appropriate to one's curriculum choice, including:
If you would like more information about the human development & family relations program at SUNY Plattsburgh, please contact
Dr. Marty Frost, Professor and Chair
Phone: (518) 564-4173
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Ms. Randi L. Trombley
Department Secretary
Office Location: Ward Hall 109
Phone: (518) 564-2164
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How Guys Tell If A Woman Is A Keeper
Are you his Mrs. Right – or just his Miss Right Now?
-Kristen Mark
So, you've found a guy—not just any guy, but a great guy! And you want to make sure he thinks you're a "keeper," too. If he likes you, it should be obvious, says sex educator and Good in Bed expert Anna Potter. "Women tend to analyze every small interaction between themselves and a potential partner to try to figure out whether or not he is interested, and to what extent," she explains. "But generally, you'll just know if he's into you."
Read Celebs Who Waited It Out For A Ring
But what if your radar feels off in terms of decoding whether or not he's "into you"? Men rely on a few surefire signs to decide whether the woman they're with is just the flavor of the week or a long-term prospect. Today, the experts at Good in Bed are going to share those signs with you…


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There are 14 songs in the sample. Try to id and insert them in same order due to the question fields into the crossword puzzle. Do only type in the words without space, hyphens, dots, apostrophes, question- and exclamation marks, circumflexes nor other accents.
And finally there's one more song hidden in the puzzy, you have to find. It's the solution song that you have to put into the WZS answer boxes
Use the "Printable HTML" button to get a clean page,
in either HTML or PDF,
that you can use your browser's print button to print.
This page won't have buttons or ads, just your puzzle.
The PDF format allows the web site to know how large a
printer page is, and the fonts are scaled to fill the page.
The PDF takes awhile to generate. Don't panic!


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Makes 1 box.
In advance, prepare truffles following recipe directions. Set aside.
Preheat oven to 350°F. Prepare gingerbread dough; roll out 1/4 in. thick. Using bottom of pan as a pattern, cut out one heart each for box bottom and lid. For box sides, cut a 1 3/4 x 20 in. long strip. Spray pan with vegetable pan spray. Position one heart cookie dough in bottom of pan; press to fit. Position strip upright along sides of pan. (If strip breaks, press together and blend seams with fingers.) Prick bottom and sides with fork. Bake 13-16 minutes or until lightly browned. Let cool in pan on cooling grid; unmold.
Position lid heart cookie on cookie sheet. Using second largest heart cookie cutter, imprint center of cookie, pressing firmly, but not through the cookie. Bake 9-12 minutes; let cool.
Outline imprint with cookie icing; let set. Warm icing to flowing consistency in warm water; fill in outline area. Position sprinkles on icing heart; let set. Fill box with truffles. Position cookie lid.


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My friend Kate was featured on NPR's "Race Card" project last week, talking about her family's history as slaveowners. Her grandmother upheld the "idea of the benevolent slave owner," telling Kate proudly that their family's slaves had been "trusted house servants," rather than plantation laborers. Kate eventually realized, however, that such pride is sorely misplaced. Reading Kate's [Read More…]
MLK's "Single Garment of Destiny" & Slavery's Legacy
January 20, 2014 by Leave a Comment


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By David Crane defrev at gmail dot com June 23, 2008 Imagine having a 100% Kevlar high-strength woven aramid ballistic fiber solution with 15% less backface deformation signature (BDS), yielding reduced impact trauma a.k.a. blunt force trauma, along with a 10% reduction in overall (OA) weight. This is the promise of DuPont Kevlar® XP™ woven ballistic aramid fiber for military ... Read More »
Army Acquisition Capos Fraudulently Alter Body Armor Test Results
By Roger Charles, DefenseWatch June 12, 2008 Thanks to an Air Force debarment action against Pinnacle Armor, manufacturer of Dragon Skin body armor, documents have been obtained, and witnesses deposed that provide hard evidence that the Army Acquisition capos fraudulently altered test reports to reflect the results desired by this band of criminal knaves. And, they did so knowing full ... Read More »
KSEE 24 News Video Story on Attempted Sale of Dragon Skin Body Armor on eBay
by David Crane defrev at gmail dot com "Central Valley News Station" KSEE 24 News has a video report on the federal investigation that is now underway due to the attempt to sell Pinnacle Armor Dragon Skin body armor on eBay by mystery sellers. Click on the link below to watch the story:… Dragon Skin: Ebay Investigation Click here to ... Read More »
Mystery: Attempt(s) to Sell Level IV Dragon Skin Body Armor on eBay
By Roger Charles 02-14-2008 While investigating offers on eBay for the sale of two Dragon Skin body armor vests, DefenseWatch discovered that a congressional staffer had confirmed that there is a DOJ IBA Task Force investigating the Army's body armor procurement program. What began as a rather routine inquiry into the commonplace sale of military equipment on the inter-net soon ... Read More »
Pinnacle Armor Files Federal Lawsuit Against DOJ and NIJ: The Plot Thickens…
by David Crane defrev at gmail.com DefenseReview readers are well aware that we've been following the Pinnacle Armor Dragon Skin body armor vs. U.S. Army Interceptor Body Armor Program for quite some time, now. As you also know, the Pinnacle Armor vs. U.S. Army situation subsequently resulted in the Departiment of Justice (DOJ) Office of Justice Programs (OJP) pulling (i.e. ... Read More »
Future Body Armor: Is Nanotech Ballistic Fiber the Next Step in Soft Body Armor?
by David Crane defrev at gmail.com November 8, 2007 If DefenseReview is to believe what it's been reading over the last few weeks in the "mainstream press", body armor and other types of ballistic armor (vehicle armor and bomb-resistant panels, for instance) utilizing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) may be upon us, soon. We'll see. What we do know is that two ... Read More »
U.S. Army Stops Independent Testing of Interceptor Body Armor (UPDATE 1)
By Roger Charles DefenseWatch 10-17-2007 UPDATE to following article: Two congressional sources report that the Director of Operational Test and Evaluation (on the staff of the Secretary of Defense) caught the Army's attempted exemption of current Interceptor vendors from independent testing, as allowed in the original solicitation. Under pressure from DOT&E, in August the Army issued a modification not listing ... Read More »
Why the U.S. Army Acquisition Mafia Fears Side-By-Side Body Armor Testing
by Roger Charles DefenseWatch October 15, 2007 When NBC News had a German lab conduct side-by-side, comparative tests of Pinnacle Armor's Dragon Skin and the Army's Interceptor Body Armor System on May 3 earlier this year, the real surprise was how well the Interceptor ESAPI (Level IV) plates performed. Yes, that's right. The Army acquisition mafia "got lucky" in Germany, ... Read More »
Dragon Skin Passes Again: NIJ-Certified Lab Test Validates 6-Year Warranty.
by Roger Charles August 30, 2007 United States Test Laboratory in Wichita, Kansas, last week (August 20) tested nine separate, serialized Dragon Skin SOV-2000 (Level III) ballistic body armor panels that varied in age from 5 years-9 & 1/2 months to 6 years-8 months. The purpose of this test was to validate Pinnacle Armor's six-year warranty for Dragon Skin products. ... Read More »
More Washington Corruption: DOJ Joins Efforts To Kill Dragon Skin
By Roger Charles August 30, 2007 (originally published on August 17, 2007) The Department of Justice (DOJ) has now joined the Army acquisition mafia in attempting to deny America's Grunts an honest chance for determining just what is the "best-available" body armor. In a flagrant abuse of discretionary authority, the DOJ's Office of Justice Programs has intervened in an unprecedented ... Read More »


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Chinese Dough Figurines - for grades 3-5
Learn how to knead multicolored Chinese rice dough and craft beautiful figurines out of them, with artist Tze-Ping Huang.
Attendance is limited to 8.** Sign up in the Children's Room beginning Monday, January 27 at 7:00 p.m. Phone reservations begin at 7:30 p.m. 1 -781-862-6288 x 170
Saturday, February 8, 2014 - 2:00pm to 3:00pm
Storytime Room


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Hi guys,
First post on these here forums so please be gentle.
I've recently been doing some wireless auditing on our companies network. At current, it comprises of ~200 client machines, with about 20 or so laptops/handheld devices. I've been taking a BackTrack install with Wireshark and an Alfa wireless USB adapter around to key points on site to see what I can pick up, and I've come across a dead strange phenomenon.. Using Wireshark, I've come across plenty of 'normal' traffic between clients and APs but there are a few that look like this:
The device is unknown to us and although it could be an employee laptop or something like that, it isn't openly associated with any access point. It's more or less on site and broadcasting every day within working hours. That said it is broadcasting a lot of "Data" - the only other time I have seen these packets on this network is when they are encrypted with WPA2 OR the 4-way handshake has not been captured. As this device is not associated, de-authenticating it with aireplay cannot be done (I've tried!) and although Wireshark does have our WPA2 key input into it, it can't get very far without the 4-way handshake. So finding what these packets contain is proving tricky..
Could anyone give me a pointer? I've never seen this before, and have no idea how to pursue it.. Thanks to anyone in advance!
Edit: For some reason the screenshot is quite small on the forums - I've uploaded a larger version.
Last edited by frankplummer; 12-10-2012 at 07:36 AM. Reason: Added larger image


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Advertising content
December 14, 2012
From the mid-$500,000s
206-390-6909 or camwest.com
REDMOND -- The Hazelwood community can meet the needs of a range of buyers, whether they're looking to move into a completed home or want to customize a presale home to fit their specific lifestyle.
"We have 27 homes remaining for sale, three of which are complete and ready for move-in," says Jamie Ham, the listing agent for Hazelwood. "Interest in the homes continues to be very strong -- we've been averaging two to three home sales each month."
Presale buyers can choose from 14 two- or three-story home designs, some of which include daylight basements. Each home has up to four exterior design options ranging from Craftsman to Tudor.
The three move-in-ready homes feature the Moore, Crescent and Aspen floor plans.
The three-bedroom Moore plan features a great-room layout on the main level, a master suite with a walk-in closet, and a second-floor bonus room.
The five-bedroom Crescent design has formal living and dining rooms, a master suite with sitting room, and a daylight basement that includes a bonus room and private guest suite and bath.
The four-bedroom Aspen plan has a great-room layout on the main level, and a daylight basement that includes a bonus room and private guest suite and bath.
All of the homes include two-car garages, five-piece master baths with soaking tubs, strategically placed windows for optimal natural light, and gas fireplaces in great rooms or family rooms.
Some of the homes still available for sale border a greenbelt and have views of the Cascade Mountains.
Hazelwood is built by CamWest, a Toll Brothers company. Through the homebuilder's CamYes! program, buyers who purchase presale can work one-on-one with project manager J.J. Portlock to customize their floor plans. Homeowners at Hazelwood have done everything from combining bedrooms to flipping the placement of rooms to take full advantage of views, Portlock says.
Hazelwood has a cul-de-sac setting with one entry to discourage through traffic. Community amenities include two parks -- one with a basketball court and a play structure, and another with benches and shaded paths among heritage trees. A trail connects the community to the 10.9-mile Sammamish River Trail.
The homes are located within walking distance of conveniences such as Starbucks and PCC Natural Market.
Hazelwood's location off Avondale Road puts the neighborhood between state Route 520 and Interstate 405 for multiple commute routes. The community is less than four miles from Redmond Town Center, five miles from Marymoor Park and seven miles from the Microsoft campus.
Toll Brothers was named 2012 Builder of the Year by Professional Builder magazine, becoming the first builder to win the honor twice. Its 2011 purchase of CamWest Development, LLC -- which has been building homes locally for more than 20 years -- expanded the company's reach to the Pacific Northwest.
Founded in 1967, Toll Brothers is now building homes in 20 states.


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Kevin Ware Returns to Action
LOUISVILLE, Ky. -- He's back! Kevin Ware's recovery from the gruesome injury suffered on national television is complete.
-- Ware completed 220 days of recovery and rehabilitation last night when he appeared in the University of Louisville's exhibition game against Pikeville.
-- The junior guard scored six points in seven minutes of action in the Cardinals' 90-61 win.
-- Ware just returned to practice this past weekend, testing his surgically-repaired broken leg with no setbacks.


text: According to a new report in US Weekly, Kristen Bell is pregnant. Apparently Dax Shepard is the person who impregnated her. I still don't know what she sees in the guy. I'm thinking love potion. Possibly blackmail or extortion. You would think that after that horrible movie he convinced her to do which may go down as the worst movie in the history of movies that she would get a divorce from the guy. Yeah, I know, they say they are boyfriend and girlfriend. It must be true love though if she was willing to get pregnant after that movie. If I am a studio, I don't ever let him produce another movie again. It was truly and spectacularly awful. Congratulations on the baby though.


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Fourteen-year-olds in the midst of parental custody battles could begin having a say in which parent they stay with under a bill headed to Gov. Gary Herbert's desk.
Currently, judges in divorce proceedings can only consider the parental preference of a child age 16 or over. The House unanimously passed SB18 Thursday, which would lower that age to 14.
"This just gives the court added flexibility to take it on a case-by-case basis," said Rep. LaVar Christensen, R-Draper. "In a custody situation, when the court is continually updating its review on what the best interest of that child is, it gives the court [the option] to consider a mature voice, if it's appropriate."
The measure met some opposition in the Senate, where conservative lawmakers questioned whether children could be coerced or bribed into picking one parent over the other, or the child could use the decision-making ability as leverage over the parent.
Robert Gehrke


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The NIJ Privacy Certificate guidelines and format provide instructions and a useful tool for documenting that applicants understand
their obligations and how they will fulfill their obligations under the confidentiality regulations found in 28 CFR Part 22.
Use of the supplied format will assist you in addressing all the points addressed in 28 CFR Part 22.
Most problems arise because the applicant assumes that the information addressing the concern is obvious, when in fact an
independent reader would need to make a series of assumptions about the details of the study and procedures. Clear and explicit
written descriptions in most instances resolve the problem or concern. See below for:
The following summarizes the requirements of 28 CFR §22.23 and should be used as a guide to completing the Privacy Certificate.
The Privacy Certificate must also include the name and title of the person:
The Privacy Certificate must contain assurances by the applicant that:
Next section: Model Privacy Certificate.


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Etowah, N.C. - The Tornados men's golf team sits in third overall through the first day of the 2010 Food Lion South Atlantic Conference tournament, held at the Etowah Valley Country Club.
Brevard is four strokes behind second place Newberry and seven strokes back of tournament leader Lincoln Memorial through the first 27 holes of play, as play started late in the morning due to frost on the course.
Joshua Davis is tied for second overall in the tournament, sitting at even par, having recorded a first round score of 71, 1-under. Davis is currently 1-over through the first nine holes of the second round and sits two strokes behind Lenoir-Rhyne's Jack Garrett.
Thomas Bush is currently tied for 11th in field after carding a 27-hole total of 4-over for the round, and Parker Lewis is also among the leaders, sitting tied for 16th at 7-over.
Thomas Rennie carded a 27-hole total of 9-over and Michael Stamper rounds out the group tied for 37th with a score of 12-over.
The Tornados tee off the final 27 holes of the 2010 Food Lion South Atlantic Conference tournament tomorrow morning at the Etowah Valley Country Club.


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The Region 14 play in-game against Waterford didn't go Rowland Hall's way.
The Winged Lions boys basketball team was eight minutes away from entering the Class 2A state tournament for the first time in five years when it fell cold.
Chris Nkoy willed every shot, but they kept coming up short. The 10-point deficit the Winged Lions overcame in the first three quarters slipped away.
It was a tough loss but not crushing.
For Nkoy, it is yet another learning experience to serve as motivation to always improve. From the hard court to the classroom, Nkoy treats the defeats as opportunities to pull up himself and his teammates and answer the next challenge.
"There is always something you can take away from every game," he said. "Try and improve and not make the same mistakes."
The junior captain said it is the time away from the game that makes the best teams. He considers the offseason vital for players to develop and make an impact for his squad.
"The best teams worked very hard in the offseason to be where they are now," Nkoy said. "It was rough losing. We'll just have to work harder to go further next year."
The 5-foot-11 guard is soft-spoken but harbors a confidence that's made him a top scorer for Rowland Hall. He finished the year with 177 points, but he preferred to focus on distributing the ball for his teammates Wes Austin and Chris Diehl. Because the Winged Lions are undersized, Nkoy believes future success will come by using everyone on the court to full potential.
"It's definitely finesse for us," Nkoy said. "We focus on execution and getting the ball to the right guy at the right time. We have all of the right pieces. We just need to use them better."
Rowland Hall finished the season 3-7.
"They cut their teeth pretty good this year and took some lumps, but they never gave up," Rowland Hall coach Aaron Hinton said. "These guys are real tight on and off the court, and it shows when they play."


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WHAT: Come join the fun at the Sellwood-Moreland St. Patrick&rsquo s Day Festival and Parade at St. Agatha Catholic School.
New this year, a 5k Fun Run will kick-off the festival at 11 a.m. At noon hundreds of people will parade through the main streets of the Sellwood-Moreland neighborhood beginning and ending at St. Agatha Catholic School. The parade will feature the Sellwood Middle School Marching Band, an Irish bagpiper, Irish Wolfhounds, Portland Fire & Rescue&rsquo s big fire truck, Portland Police&rsquo s Traffic Division&rsquo s motorcycle police, children with decorated bikes and wagons and a lot of people proudly wearing Irish green.
Children of all ages will enjoy an old-fashioned carnival, cakewalk and dunk tank. Under the heated tent festivalgoers will hear live music from the Clackamas Fire Fighters Pipes & Drum Hyatus and Irish bands The Boys of Malin and The Chancers. Other entertainment includes Irish dancers and an Irish singalong complete with lyrics.
Your taste buds will enjoy an authentic Irish corned beef and cabbage dinner, corned beef sandwiches, shepherd&rsquo s pie, Irish sausage rolls and many more delicious foods. Ireland&rsquo s famous Guinness beer will be flowing along with Widmer Brewing favorites.
WHEN: Saturday, March 16, 2013
10:30 a.m. 5k Fun Run registration - $10 Individual or $20 Family
11 a.m. 5k Fun Run begins
Noon Parade begins
12 &ndash 3 p.m. Carnival and cakewalk
5 &ndash 6 p.m. Catholic mass at St. Agatha Catholic Church
11:30 a.m. &ndash 8 p.m. Live music, beer and tasty food under the big tent
WHERE: St. Agatha Catholic School
7960 SE 15th Portland, OR 97202
503 234-5500
For more information, visit stagathaschool.us.
WHO: Founded in 1911, St. Agatha Catholic School is an academic and faith-centered community of more than 225 students, preschool to eighth grade.
# # #
St. Agatha Catholic Parish and School — Celebrating a 100-year legacy of faith,
learning and family, now and for years to come.
Jeff Delegato, School Principal, 503 234-5500, [email protected] Christine Pashley, Parent Volunteer, 503 235-0670, [email protected]


text: Lake Toho Bass Fishing Guide Capt Kip Grunloh Daniel Steggarda 2016-01-27T14:40:04+00:00 January 27th, 2016|0 Comments About the Author: Daniel Steggarda Born and raised in South Florida, Daniel Steggerda is a writer/editor for bassonline.com. He enjoys fishing trips, Studying technology, high intensity interval training, and reading fantasy books or Lovecraft inspired horror stories on rainy days in the sunshine state. Leave A Comment Cancel replyYou must be logged in to post a comment.


text:
Why not use Review Centre to compare Spanish resorts, hotels, apartments and holidays. Read about popular Easter breaks in Madrid or Barcelona and warm Spanish islands like Ibiza, Tenerife and Majorca. Book the best hotel in Spain, look up things to do in Spain and find the best Spanish bars, clubs and restaurants. Perhaps you have watched the Matadors in Catalonia as they grace the bull fighting arena or maybe you've always wanted to follow your football team when they play Real Madrid in the Champions League. Perhaps you have been on a stag weekend to Barcelona, strolled down the streets of Las Ramblas stopping for tapas as the mood takes you or enjoyed flexing on the beach in the sun.
Whatever your Spanish experience, let us know what happened by submitting your review, so that you can help others create their perfect holiday experience. Have you been on a holiday to Spain? Good or bad, why not share your holiday experience by writing a review.
From 1 reviews
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Pituitary tumorTumor - pituitary
A pituitary tumor is an abnormal growth in the pituitary gland, the part of the brain that regulates the body's balance of hormones.
Most pituitary tumors are noncancerous (benign). Up to 20% of people have pituitary tumors. However, many of these tumors do not cause symptoms and are never diagnosed during the person's lifetime.
The pituitary gland is a pea-sized endocrine gland located at the base of the brain. The pituitary helps control the release of hormones from other endocrine glands, such as the thyroid and adrenal glands. The pituitary also releases hormones that directly affect body tissues, such as bones and the breast's milk glands. These hormones include:
- Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
- Growth hormone (GH)
- Prolactin
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
As the tumor grows, hormone-releasing cells of the pituitary may be damaged, causing hypopituitarism.
The causes of pituitary tumors are unknown. However, some are part of a hereditary disorder called multiple endocrine neoplasia I (MEN I).
Other types of tumors that can be found in the same part of the head as a pituitary tumor:
- Craniopharyngiomas
- Cysts
- Germinomas
- Tumors that have spread from cancer in another part of the body (metastatic tumors)
Most pituitary tumors produce too much of one or more hormones. As a result, symptoms of one or more of the following conditions can occur:
Symptoms caused by pressure from a larger pituitary tumor may include:
- Headache
- Lethargy
- Nasal drainage
- Nausea and vomiting
- Problems with the sense of smell
- Visual changes
- Double vision
- Drooping eyelids
- Visual field loss
Rarely, these symptoms may occur suddenly and can be severe.
Exams and Tests
Your health care provider will perform a physical examination. The provider will note any problems with double vision and visual field, such as a loss of peripheral vision or the ability to see in certain areas.
Endocrine function tests include:
- Cortisol levels:
- Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels
- Insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels
- Luteinizing hormone (LH) levels
- Serum prolactin levels
- Testosterone/estradiol levels
- Thyroid hormone levels:
Tests that help confirm the diagnosis include the following:
Pituitary tumors are usually not cancerous and therefore won't spread to other areas of the body. However, as they grow, they may place pressure on important nerves and blood vessels.
Surgery to remove the tumor is often necessary, especially if the tumor is pressing on the optic nerves, which could cause blindness.
Most of the time, pituitary tumors can be removed through the nose and sinuses. However, some tumors cannot be removed this way and will need to be removed through the skull (transcranial).
Radiation therapy may be used to shrink the tumor, either in combination with surgery or for people who cannot have surgery.
The following medications may shrink certain types of tumors:
- Bromocriptine or cabergoline are the first-line therapy for tumors that release prolactin. These drugs decrease prolactin levels and shrink the tumor.
- Octreotide or pegvisomant is sometimes used for tumors that release growth hormone, especially when surgery is unlikely to result in a cure.
Support Groups
The Pituitary Network Association -- www.pituitary.org
Outlook (Prognosis)
If the tumor can be surgically removed, the outlook is fair to good, depending upon whether the entire tumor is removed.
Possible Complications
The most serious complication is blindness. This can occur if the optic nerve is seriously damaged.
The tumor or its removal may cause permanent hormone imbalances. The affected hormones may need to be replaced.
When to Contact a Medical Professional
Call your health care provider if you develop any symptoms of a pituitary tumor.
Melmed S, Kleinberg D. Anterior pituitary. In: Kronenberg HM, Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2008:chap 8.
Review Date: 11/23/2009
Reviewed By: Ari S. Eckman, MD, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.


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Celebrities may be best known for their glamorous red carpet beauty looks, but they know how to embrace casual styles, too. Whether you're meeting up with friends, at a coffee shop, or out running a few errands, there's something here to inspire. Looking so effortlessly beautiful just got a whole lot easier.
Image Source: Getty


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Results 1 - 30 of 30 matches
Replacement stylus for the CC-1 cartridge.
High-output turntable cartridge for spinning or scratching.
Grab these Numark styi that have an 0.6mm spherical diamond tip and come prepared!
12V/5W gooseneck light for consoles has a BNC connector. Includes extra bulb.
Portable vinyl-to-digital conversion is totally possible with the PT-01USB Portable USB turntable. Running on...
Our product catalog varies by country due to manufacturer restrictions. If you change the Ship-To country, some or all of the items in your cart may not ship to the new destination.


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Feminism | Posted by Julie Z on 09/29/2009
Bust Magazine: Ellen, Alia and Teens oh my!
Every so often, a magical thing happens. I open the mailbox and buried beneath bills that have no relevance to me and the catalogues that try to sell me more useless crap, there is Bust Magazine. Today was one of those days.
But today was even more magical for two reasons (2.5 really):
1) Ellen Page and Alia Shawkat are on the cover to promote Whip It!, and therefore are interviewed (ashdklfjasldkfjalkdsfh!!!!). In addition to my love for these young women in general, they also represent the brilliance of Juno and Arrested Development. Clever writing just doesn't get any better than in these two pieces of artistry.
2) The article after the cover interview: "Smells Like Teen Spirit" – …


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Kylie Jenner sparks outrage with 'bipolar' joke about hair
Kylie Jenner has sparked controversy with a joke about being "bipolar."
On Wednesday, the 16-year-old reality TV star posted a picture on Twitter (see right), writing:
I miss my black hair I'm so bipolar :( pic.twitter.com/YMRFXwKju8— Kylie Jenner (@KylieJenner) November 6, 2013
The comment did not sit well with observers who thought Jenner was too casual and flippant regarding a very serious mental illness.
One Twitter user wrote, "Kylie Jenner just tweeted 'I miss my black hair I'm so Bipolar:('. No, you're not 'so Bipolar', you're indecisive…and a moron."
Another tweeted, "Kylie Jenner with her 'i'm bipolar' makes me sick."
"That was 100% the dumbest and most ignorant use of the word bipolar," noted a third commenter.
Jenner herself has not responded to her critics.


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Just a reminder that some of the action from Cage Warriors 51 will be on Sky Sports 3 tonight at 10pm.
Four main-card bouts, including two world title fights, will be repeated on a two-hour programme on Sky Sports 3 at 10pm GMT.
Cage Warriors 51, which broadcast live around the world from Dublin, Ireland on New Year's Eve, was headlined by a historic lightweight title clash between Conor McGregor and Ivan Buchinger.
Chris Fields also defended his middleweight crown for the first time against Jesse Taylor, after Jack Mason and Florent Betorangal collided in a three-round welterweight battle.
Kicking off the show will be the 120lbs catchweight meeting of Katja Kankaanpaa and Aisling Daly, a bout many selected as their 'Fight of the Night'.
Conor McGregor v Ivan Buchinger – lightweight title bout
Chris Fields v Jesse Taylor – middleweight title bout
Jack Mason v Florent Betorangal – welterweight
Aisling Daly v Katja Kankaanpaa – 120lbs catchweight


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States of Mind
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States of Mind
By David A. Fryxell
Did your ancestors live in a records-rich or paperwork-poor state? Whichever way your genealogical fortunes fall, you'll find advice in our list of the best and worst states for family history research.
You're free to choose your friends, goes the old saying, but you can't pick your family. But what if you could, at least genealogically speaking? Besides desiring colorful and interesting ancestors —a noble here on the family tree, a horse thief there—you'd probably want to pick a pedigree that's relatively easy and richly rewarding to research. You'd certainly want to avoid having ancestors from places whose records have been destroyed, aren't readily accessible or never got created in the first place. Unless you're particularly enamored of scrolling through and squinting at microfilm, these days you'd wish for ancestors whose records are searchable online. ("Why, oh why," you might find yourself thinking, "couldn't Great-great-grandpa have been born in a place represented on
Family Tree Magazine's
annual list of 101 Best Web Sites?")
As we wrap up our multiyear series of State Research Guides, it seems the perfect time to look back on all 50 states with this ancestral wish list in mind: Which are the states where it's easiest—by design or by accident of history—to research your ancestry? If you're fortunate enough to have family ties to these "best" states for genealogy, count your blessings. The rest of us can only look on with envy and hope that someday, some as-yet-undiscovered branch of the family tree leads our research there.
And what, on the other hand, are the states that present the toughest challenges to genealogists? These "worst" states may be dragging their heels in putting information online, or throwing up roadblocks to getting vital records. Or these states' sad status may not be the fault of archivists and public officials: Maybe they suffered courthouse fires and other natural disasters in years past, or were unaccountably late to the vital-records-keeping party. It could be that the microfilming legions of the
Family History Library (FHL)
have given these states short shrift.
Adding up all these factors—with an admittedly large dose of sheer subjectivity—we've assembled a list of the 10 best and 10 worst states for doing genealogy. (If your ancestors come from the other 30, you can both burn with envy and take comfort in knowing that, well, it could be worse.)
bringing up the rear
In the spirit of saving the best for last, we begin by counting down the 10 worst places for your ancestors to have lived. All is not lost, though—even in the dark depths of our list, we found bright spots to share.
10. New York
As you'd expect from a state that barely makes our "worst" list, there's good news as well as bad if you have New York ancestors. Case in point: noteworthy state censuses (later ones specify the court where an immigrant was naturalized) and New York City's wonderful coroner's records. The handsome
state archives Web site
offers a database of New Yorkers in the Civil War.
But that's slim pickings online, we think, for a state as large and historic as New York. And the Empire State can be a nightmare for vital-records research: Genealogy requests for an uncertified copy of a record cost $22 and may take five months or longer to process. The state's apparent indifference towards birth, death and marriage records dates way back: It didn't even try to enforce record-keeping until the mid-1800s, and didn't finally succeed until the 1880s. Vital records for New York City are kept separately at the municipal archives, and availability varies by borough.
9. Idaho
Rocky Mountain and Great Plains states pepper our "worst" list, in part simply because their history is more recent and rugged. Idaho stands out—not in a good way—because of its protracted territorial era, which put it in different territorial censuses for 1850 (Oregon), 1860 (Washington) and 1870 and 1880 (Idaho). In 1860 and 1870, parts of Idaho were in the Cache County, Utah, count.
County boundaries proved equally shifty; Alturas County disappeared altogether. Idaho also caught on to vital records relatively late, starting with birth and death records at the county level in 1907 and statewide in 1911. Statewide marriage and divorce records didn't begin until 1947. At least death certificates from 1911 to 1956 are searchable
, and 183,000 marriages extracted from county records are in the
Western States Marriage Records Index
8. Oklahoma
Researching your Oklahoma ancestors is not always OK. Blame its peculiar past, from Indian Territory to overnight settlements after the land rush of 1889, requiring
research in a mix of territorial, state and Indian records. That's complicated by the loss of Oklahoma's 1870, 1880 and 1890 federal censuses, although a special 1890 enumeration of seven counties survives and is indexed
. Even the 1900 census separates the former Indian and Oklahoma territories.
After statehood in 1907, vital records lagged in many counties until as late as 1930 and even then, are spotty until the 1940s—and there are no statewide marriage records at all. Oklahoma also lacks the wealth of online resources that many other states enjoy. But don't despair: Land records and, for those with Indian ancestors, the Dawes Rolls can help get you past your Oklahoma roadblocks Sooner rather than later.
7. West Virginia
Like Oklahoma, the Mountaineer State suffers from a quirk of historical geography: Until the heat of the Civil War in 1863, it was part of Virginia. That means earlier records for 50 of West Virginia's 55 counties (five were formed later) follow different rules and may be found in Virginia. West Virginia didn't get its own census until 1870. Its oddball history also means that, despite being birthed after the US federal government, West Virginia was not a public-land state. Statewide birth and death records didn't begin until 1917, but a fire destroyed most of them through 1921; you'll have to look to county courthouses for earlier records, which date from 1853. It's not all bad, though: West Virginia has put vital records on the
state archives Web site
6. Montana
Saddled with the burdens of relatively late settlement and sprawling size—with lots of wide-open space between its cities and its genealogical repositories—Montana has a confusing early history of changing governance. From 1860 to 1880, some residents may be listed in Washington, Nebraska or Wyoming. Although Montana became a territory in 1864, births and deaths weren't recorded until 1895 and statewide registration didn't begin until 1907. Even then, widespread compliance didn't happen for deaths until about 1915 and births until after that. State marriage and divorce records didn't start until 1943, but some 10,400 early county marriage records can be found in the Western States Marriage Records Index. Land records (Montana was a public-land state, so patents are
) and the
Montana Historical Society
can help fill in the blanks on your Montana ancestors, but other Web resources are as sparse as this giant state's population. Microfilmed records at the FHL are slimmer for Montana than for most states, too.
5. Louisiana
With a history residents would characterize as "colorful" and frustrated genealogists might describe as "messy," Louisiana is one of the rare states where researchers could face a language barrier: Some early records, reflecting that history, are in French and Spanish. Louisiana is also the only state to have "parishes" instead of counties, and many parish courthouses have lost records to fires or floods over the years. Records that survive are based on French Napoleonic practices, presenting researchers with such unfamiliar terms as "conveyances" (deed transfers) and "successions" (probate). You'll also have to become familiar with notary records, such as those collected in the
New Orleans Notarial Archives
; happily, you now can access these online: Click
to browse the record volumes by the notary's name and year. Except for New Orleans, birth and death records didn't begin until 1914. Though records for scattered pre-1805 local censuses exist, Louisiana lacks any state censuses you could use to fill in the blanks.
4. Nebraska
Although the
Cornhusker State's archives
holds many records, even more are scattered among Nebraska's whopping total of 93 counties. Many counties began keeping marriage records upon formation, but few bothered with births or deaths until statewide registration began in 1904 (1909 for marriages). Complicating vital-records research still further, only immediate kin can access birth or marriage records more recent than 50 years. As for deaths, cemeteries aren't much help in Nebraska because the state has so many scattered and untranscribed tiny graveyards. A wealth of state and territorial censuses is the bright spot here, plus some church records that can help with vital-records gaps, federal land patents and railroad land records (although fire destroyed most Union Pacific records). Web and microfilm researchers will go away wishing their Nebraska ancestors had spent a little more time on records and a little less on cornhusking.
3. Alaska
Don't blame the 49th state for its paucity of genealogical records: Alaska is not only new, it's also vast and vastly different from the "lower 48." Alaska's genealogical troubles started soon after the United States bought it from Russia, when the 1870 census skipped the territory except for Sitka. Extant federal census coverage doesn't begin until 1900—and don't look by county, as Alaska doesn't have 'em. Official vital records didn't begin until 1913, though you can try church records before that date. Cemetery records are literally few and far between, given the state's sprawling geography. And the Last Frontier State is still catching up with most of the lower 48 when it comes to genealogy Web sites. Land records, gold-rush papers and the
National Archives in Anchorage
are your best hope for tracing early Alaska kin.
2. Wyoming
Vital records are typically the Achilles' heel of our "worst" states, and that's certainly the case with Wyoming: Although the Equality State started recording births in 1909, these records are closed for 100 years except to immediate family—
meaning only a year's worth are accessible to researchers. Death records, which also began in 1909, are closed for 50 years. Marriage and divorce records didn't start until 1941; their 50-year privacy window effectively makes only 1941 to 1959 available for research. Thank goodness, then, for the Western States Marriage Records Index, which lets you search some 23,000 early Wyoming county records. When you search, however, be aware of Wyoming's rapidly evolving county boundaries, which shifted from just five counties in 1868 to 23 by 1923. Like Montana, its neighbor to the north, Wyoming can be found in federal land records. Also like Montana, though, Wyoming's online and microfilm resources are scanter than most states'.
1. Mississippi
Poor Mississippi. Just as it ranks worst or near-worst nationally on measures such as income equality and obesity, the state also suffers genealogically. Not that there aren't bright spots, among them a lengthy, interesting history and the relatively new home of the
Mississippi Department of Archives and History
. That intriguing past, though, has Mississippi variously under ownership of the Spanish, French and British before becoming entangled with Georgia, Alabama and Florida. The Civil War, while enriching Mississippi's military records, contributed to document-destroying courthouse fires. Overall, more than a third of the Magnolia State's 82 counties have suffered records losses.
Statewide birth and death records began only in 1912, with marriages and divorces lagging until 1926—and even then, there's a gap from 1938 to 1941. Various territorial and state censuses can help when you hit Mississippi brick walls, and it is a public-land state. Further complicating Mississippi roots research, however, is the fact that it was one of only two states (the other being South Carolina) to have more slaves than free citizens in 1860. This high proportion of slaves means Mississippi is more prone to the challenges of researching African-American genealogy prior to emancipation. Combined with its courthouse losses—and not balanced out by many online resources—this inescapable difficulty drags Mississippi to the bottom of our list.
leaders of the pack
Had enough wallowing in genealogical woes and bemoaning the hard hand history has dealt some places? Let's turn our attention to the 10 best states for researching your ancestors. Here's hoping your family tree leads you to …
10. Texas
Big isn't necessarily better for genealogy, as we've seen, but Texas overcomes its 10-gallon size—and record disasters in some 40 courthouses—with a wealth of surviving records, helpful Web sites and a world-class genealogy research center at the
Clayton Library
in Houston. Records date to colonial days, including Spanish and Mexican town censuses, and to Texas' brief era as an independent republic, in the form of
citizen claims
for government compensation.
land-grant database
lets you trace the Lone Star State's settlement saga. Other stellar Web resources include the
Handbook of Texas Online
, The
and online family and
local histories
. Besides the Clayton and an outstanding state library and archives, Texas boasts the
National Archives Southwest Region in Fort Worth
, the
Dallas Public Library
; and the
Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection
at the University of Texas. Only somewhat tardy vital records—1903 for births and deaths, 1966 for marriages—and an absence of state censuses keep the Lone Star State from rising higher in our list.
9. Minnesota
Minnesota's genealogical prowess begins with the
state historical society
, whose Web site overflows with research guides and databases of births (1900 to 1934), deaths (1904 to 2001), old photos, maps, even building and house histories. A People Finder lets you search the whole works with a single click. Offline, the society offers a Biography File of 100,000 cards indexing information about Minnesotans from publications in the society's collections.
If your Minnesotans lived in the northern mining country, the
Iron Range Research Center
has plenty of ways to help you dig for them. The Land of 10,000 Lakes is also notable for remarkably few leaks in its records, including comprehensive territorial, state and federal censuses; BLM public-lands files; and vital records (county births and deaths starting in 1870, statewide births beginning in 1900, deaths in 1908, marriages not until 1958). Probate records date to territorial days. Military records include bonus payments to veterans and their survivors from the Spanish-American War through Vietnam.
8. Utah
Alone, the presence of the Family History Library in Salt Lake City would probably be sufficient to land Utah on our "best" list—but that globe-spanning repository is only the beginning for Beehive State researchers. Don't overlook the
state historical society
state archives
or the
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints' archives
. Utah also abounds with Web resources, such as the
Cemetery and Burial Database
, the
1904-to-1956 Death Certificate Index
and the
Utah Census Search and Mormon Pioneer Search
. Plus, 338,000 Utah marriages are covered in the Western States Marriage Records Index.
Censuswise, the US government counted Utah Territory starting in 1850; territorial censuses exist for 1856 and 1872. Utah was also a public-land state. Other than lagging a bit with statewide vital records (1905 for births and deaths, with full compliance later still) Utah lives up to founder Brigham Young's visions of the promised land, at least for genealogists.
7. Illinois
Home to the
National Archives and Records Administration's Great Lakes Region
and the renowned
Newberry Library
, Illinois is a great place for your family to be from. One of the first states to post genealogical records online, the Land of Lincoln serves up a 1763-to-1900 marriage index, two death indexes (pre-1916 and 1916 to 1950), military and veterans records from the War of 1812 on, land records, and servitude and emancipation records, all
. If you're looking for more—or want copies of records—the Illinois Regional Archives Depository (IRAD) catalog tells you where to go
. Although statewide birth and death registration lagged until 1916, counties were required to keep these and marriage records beginning in 1877. You also can find Illinois kin in federal censuses starting with 1820, 10 territorial and state enumerations and a shelfload of city directories.
6. Wisconsin
As with many of our "bests," excellent online resources first popped Wisconsin onto our radar. These are mostly efforts of the
Wisconsin Historical Society
, where you can search more than 150,000 obituaries and biographical sketches, a million births, a million marriages, 400,000 deaths, 16,000 historical and biographical articles, Civil War records and veterans' censuses. If you're a member, the society's Wisconsin Genealogical Research Service even does the work for you. Add the Dairy State's wealth of state and territorial censuses, federal land records, county and local histories, probate records, naturalization papers and vital records (which in some counties begin with marriages in the 1820s) and you have plenty of resources worth, well, milking. The state didn't begin keeping vital records until 1907, but Wisconsin has plenty of other ways (such as an abundance of church records) to get the genealogical goods on your ancestors.
5. Arizona
Here again, we confess to being seduced by the ease and power of a state's online records. Arizona, however, stands alone in this instance: It's the only state to post
searchable databases
of birth certificates (1855 to 1932) and death certificates (1844 to 1957), which you can then—here's the clincher—click on to view PDFs of the actual records. Note, too, the chronological reach of both certificate collections (encompassing some delayed certificates), which puts to shame even many states that entered the union long before Arizona got its star in 1912.
The Grand Canyon State's history is further captured in seven territorial censuses (not all complete, but all available and four indexed), Great Registers of voters from 1882 to 1911 (later for some counties), the 100,000-name Arizona Biographical Database, and the state library's newspaper collection dating from 1864. Besides that excellent state library and archive, Arizona also boasts the country's largest FHL branch Family History Center, in Mesa; and the
University of Northern Arizona's Colorado Plateau Digital Archive
, which hosts a searchable collection of photos, letters, diaries and the like. The only hitch comes with marriage and divorce records, which—although starting back in 1864—are archived by each county's superior court. But don't fret: Arizona has only 15 counties, an added genealogical boon.
4. Missouri
Another online pioneer, the Show Me state shows you a wealth of resources at its superb
Missouri State Archives
site. A birth and death records database encompassing 185,000 pre-1910 entries from 87 counties will help you overcome Missouri's relatively late statewide vital- records start. You'll also find databases of death certificates (1910 to 1957), naturalization records (1816 to 1955), court records, land patents and even coroners' inquests, plus searchable military records on more than 576,000 Missourians from the War of 1812 to World War I.
Missouri is also home to the
National Archives Central Plains Region facility in Kansas City
, the
Missouri Historical Society Library and Archives
in St. Louis, and the
Midwest Genealogy Center in Independence
. A public-land state whose federal census enumerations date to 1830, Missouri presents plenty of research tools and remarkably few potential roadblocks (which include the loss of most of its territorial and state census records). But even the famously destroyed 1890 federal census can be partly replaced if your ancestors lived in Missouri cities, most of which conveniently have city directories for 1889 and 1890.
3. Virginia
The Old Dominion State has one unassailable advantage over the other 49, epitomized by that word "old": America started here in 1607, bequeathing Virginia centuries of records. Not all have survived, it's true—39 county courthouses lost records to fires or other calamities over the years—and Virginia's vital records are not as neat as you might like (though birth and death registration began in 1853, there's a gap from 1896 to 1912). But the sheer volume of other records makes up for these glitches. The
Library of Virginia
excels at making these resources available, with online offerings including land patents and grants, 6,000 scanned family Bible records, birth and death register indexes (1853 to 1896), wills and administrations (to 1800) and Confederate pension applications. Where gaps do exist in Virginia records, you can try plenty of other sources, such as tax lists, city directories and church records. Virginia also excels in paying genealogical attention to its records, oodles of which have been transcribed in publications such as
Cavaliers and Pioneers
and the
Virginia Genealogical Society Quarterly
2. Washington
A perennial "101 Best" honoree, the
Washington State Digital Archives
just keeps getting better. At last count, this ambitious effort to digitize the Evergreen State's past topped 75 million records, with 63 million of them searchable—many linked to record images. Holdings vary by county, but include birth, death and marriage records; territorial and state censuses dating to 1847; the 1860, 1870 and 1910 federal censuses; military records; land records; naturalization papers; and even a database of the state's physicians. Equally impressive is a project to digitize historical Washington newspapers from the state library's collection of more than 40,000 microfilm reels. To date, 19
variously covering 1852 to 1892 have been scanned and made searchable, including a search by personal names.
Offline Washington research riches include the
National Archives Pacific Alaska Region
in Seattle. A public-land state, Washington didn't begin statewide birth and death registration until 1907 (but many counties had jumped the gun by 1891) or marriage records until 1968 (here, too, many counties already were recording marriages). With few historical flaws and two outstanding digitization projects, Washington ranks No. 2 on our best list—but with a footnote: Next time, we wouldn't be surprised to see it rise to No. 1.
1. Massachusetts
Some consider tracing their ancestry back to the Mayflower the Holy Grail of genealogy. But whether your Massachusetts ancestors arrived in 1620 or long after the Pilgrims, you'll find a bounty of records for researching them. Any other state would be notable just for a repository like the Massachusetts state archives, whose
Web site
includes an index to vital records (1841 to 1910) and an in-progress database to more than a million arrivals through the port of Boston (1848 to 1891). But Boston is also home to the
New England Historic Genealogical Society
and its library of more than 200,000 books, periodicals, and microform materials, plus 1 million manuscripts. Members ($75 per year) enjoy online databases with more than 110 million names and volumes from the series The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England and The New England Historical and Genealogical Register.
Massachusetts boasts not one but two National Archives facilities, both covering the Northeast, in
. As for censuses, federal coverage starts at the very beginning, in 1790, with only a few hiccups in 1800 (but a 1798 tax list can help). State head counts in 1855 and 1865 happily coincide with a peak immigration period. Statewide vital records began in 1841, but town records for the most part date to each locale's founding. City directories as old as 1789 can fill gaps. Military records are another treasure trove for Massachusetts research. And if you do happen to have Mayflower ancestors, these folks have been genealogically documented more than any other Americans. No wonder their Massachusetts landing pad is the top US launching point for roots research.
state guidance
Family Tree Magazine
State Research Guides
can help you discover your roots in the top 10, bottom 10 and any state in between. You can get the whole collection (plus Washington, DC, and Puerto Rico) on a convenient, fully searchable
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text:
Mine Safety and Health Administration
Contact: Rodney Brown
Phone: (202) 693-9425
Released Friday, February 6, 2003
Workshop Targets Safety At Stone, Sand and Gravel Mines
Free "spring thaw" safety seminar set in Rockford, Ill.
ARLINGTON, Va. -The U.S. Department of Labor's Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), in cooperation with the National Stone, Sand and Gravel Association, will present a mine safety and health workshop on March 13 at Ramada Inn Suites, 200 South Bell School Road, Rockford, Ill., to increase awareness of mining hazards. The workshop will be held from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m.
The workshop is one of more than 30 cooperative mine safety and health workshops around the nation. Safety professionals from mining companies as well as MSHA personnel will share information and experiences in dealing with mining hazards.
"MSHA is using all the tools provided in the law - enforcement, education and training and technical assistance - to encourage all mine operators to embrace safety as a value so we can send every miner home safe and healthy at the end of every working shift," said Dave D. Lauriski, assistant secretary of labor for mine safety and health. "As part of this process, we are working closely with the stone, sand and gravel industry to develop seminars providing up-to-date and practical information to help mine operators achieve the next level of safety performance."
The workshops will focus on effective safety and health programs, safe maintenance and repair activities, and the hidden costs of mining accidents. Seminar leaders will also discuss specific safety hazards encountered by mining operations in particular regions of the country.
The seminars will coincide with winter's end, when many intermittently operated mining operations begin producing again, often with new employees who are new to the mining environment. Statistics show that accidents in stone, sand and gravel mines tend to increase during April and May.
The MSHA-NSSGA workshops will be held in more than 30 states nationwide. There is no charge to attend the seminars.
For additional information, please call the North Central District office at 218-720-5448 or visit MSHA's web site at www.msha.gov.


text:
Modeling: An Engineer's Dilemma
Many of my recent interactions with customers have been on a single theme: modeling. Simulation is a great tool, but only if you have models that tell the simulator what to do. Models vary in type and complexity, but they all share a common purpose: to tell you something about how a device or system works, often in a specific application or under specific operating conditions. But there is a gap, an often very wide gap, between wanting to simulate a design and having a model that tells an accurate story for your system (notice that I did not say "the accurate story" since how you model your system will depend on what you want to know about it – accuracy is a byproduct of purpose).
When it comes to modeling, I find that engineers are generally divided into three groups: give me a model, help me understand the model, and help me develop a model. Depending on project priorities and how critical the need, the same engineer may spend time in each group on a single project.
The "give me a model" group is either under a time crunch to complete the analyses and finish the design, or is not familiar with other modeling options. The advantage for this group is that models are plentiful. They are available from a variety of sources including component manufacturers, third party vendors, in-house modeling groups, and tool suppliers. SPICE models are particularly popular in this category. The disadvantage, however, is twofold: model quality may be suspect, and model functionality may be limited with no way to improve it.
An engineer in the "help me understand the model" group typically has a model but needs to better understand how it works. Requirements for understanding the model range from needing to document the model's operation, to improving performance by updating or adding functionality. Depending on structure and format, however, understanding a model someone else developed can be a real challenge. For example, have you ever tried to decipher the internal workings of a SPICE macromodel for a PWM controller chip? Not so easy.
For the "help me develop a model" group, either an existing model is not doing the job, or a model search returned zero results. Engineers in this group can either go without, or build a model from scratch. Going without usually means doing manual calculations, and pen, paper, and calculator become the engineer's most trusted design companions. Funny thing, but not many years ago I visited a group of engineers at a major automotive OEM who claimed this is exactly how they handled much of their design work: reams of paper shuttled between design groups. Apparently modeling and simulation were not a priority. A bit hard to believe, given the complexity of modern automotive design. But I digress. Fortunately, if you are in the "build a model" category, you have options for model format and structure. In working with customers, I find the two most popular approaches are graphical modeling and language-based modeling. I will talk about each of these in future posts.
Post Author
Posted December 10th, 2013, by Mike Jensen
Post Tags
modeling, simulation, SPICE, system modeling, System simulation, SystemVision, vhdl-ams
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About Mike Jensen's Blog
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text:
Gose, Bisons beat Red Wings in opener
Toronto affiliate Buffalo wins slugging contest in Rochester
By Andrew Pentis / Special to MLB.com | April 4, 2013 2:29 PM ET
Just because his current team played the first and only day game on Opening Day in the Minors Leagues doesn't mean Anthony Gose is going to rush home to watch his next team play their night game.
"I'm not going to even bother keeping track," Gose said bluntly. "Toronto is in a whole other country. We are here in Buffalo trying to win."
The Blue Jays farmhand collected three hits and scored three runs as his Bisons out-slugged the visiting Rochester Red Wings, 12-7, on Thursday afternoon in the first game of the 2013 season.
Gose, who played in 56 Major League games last season, batted second and played center field in a veteran-laden lineup that scored at least one run in five of their first six innings and every frame but the third and seventh. This was the club's first game since switching affiliations to the Jays and away from the Mets, who are now contracted with the Las Vegas 51s.
"I learned a lot," he said. "The main thing is doing whatever it takes to win. [The Jays] want to win there, they want to win here, they want to win throughout the Minor Leagues. To do that, I'm refining my game, keeping it simple as possible, staying consistent."
No longer a prospect but still just 22, Gose spent the entirety of the 2012 campaign at Las Vegas, where he posted a .286/.366/.419 slash line while stealing 34 bases and playing his usual brand of outsanding defense. He appears headed for a similar level of production in '13.
Gose doubled in the first inning, cutting down his swing on an 0-2 pitch, and singled home a run in the second against Red Wings starter P.J. Walters. He also singled in the sixth and was hit by a pitch in the eighth to complete his 3-for-4 day at the plate.
Five other Bisons recorded multi-hit games, including veteran slugger Luis Jimenez, who hit a two-run home run in the fifth.
Red Wings right fielder Oswaldo Arcia, the Twins' fifth-ranked prospect, enjoyed success in his Triple-A debut. The 21-year-old native of Venezuela homered, doubled and plated three runs in four at-bats.
"The guy swings the bat well and plays a great right field," Gose said of Arcia, who also collected two assists with throws to second base. "Everything I heard about him [was true]. He's an impressive ballplayer."
Walters (0-1) was charged with five runs on nine hits over four innings.
Buffalo counterpart Justin Germano (1-0) yielded five runs on 10 hits over 5 2/3 frames.
Andrew Pentis is a contributor MLB.com. This story was not subject to the approval of the National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues or its clubs.View More


text:
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Question of the Week #7: What are some unexpected career paths for liberal arts majors? – Emanuel Castaneda '16
As you may know, Emanuel, career paths are not always perfectly linear. For instance, you may not know where you will be career-wise five years down the road. In From Bullfighting to Finance, Carmen Bermudez gives a great portrait of her career path and shows that where one starts out may not be necessarily where one ends up! With a liberal arts degree, the path to one's "ultimate" career usually involves many twists and turns. This is primarily because liberal arts majors are extremely well rounded and suited for positions in a variety of industries. Here at Princeton, liberal arts majors aren't only well versed in their specific major, but they have developed analytical, writing, problem solving, research, and communication skills—all traits that are extremely valuable in today's job market! Don't believe me? Check out this great Daily Finance article What Good Is a Liberal Arts Degree in the Job Market?. Author Vanessa Richardson outlines some great techniques for liberal arts majors as they explore their career options. Here are some highlights from her article:
- Believe in your degree
- Sharpen your skills
- Market your skills
- Give your skills a boost
- Draft a portfolio and cover letter that shows off your degree
- Determine whether you need more education
Another resource that can help you explore some "unexpected career paths" is the Links by Industry page on the Career Services' website. Career Services' posts links to a host of industries that might not be typical for liberal arts majors. Some that really caught my attention were the following: TV, Film, Entertainment, Religion, Sports-related, Manufacturing, Fashion, and Pharmaceuticals & BioTech. The Career Services Annual Report is also a great place to learn about the post-graduation career plans of graduating Princeton seniors. Students reported accepting positions in fields such as Retail Trade, Health Care & Social Assistance, Information, Educational Services, Construction, Public Administration, and many more! Also included in the 2012 Summer Experience Report that offers a look at the types of summer opportunities Princeton students have pursued. Take a look at these publications to get a better feel for the types of industries hiring Princeton students and graduates.
All career paths can in some ways be deemed "unexpected." Unless you have very solidified career goals such as going to medical school to become a physician or law school to become a lawyer, there really is no set equation that can predict where you end up. My advice to you is to really use your liberal arts education to become a well-rounded student and person. Take classes that both challenge and interest you. Try to amass and refine your skills so that you can be marketable in the job market later on. In "Strengthen Those Soft Skills" on the SavvyIntern site, author Dave Ellis points out that employers are seeking candidates with the soft skills gleaned through a liberal arts curricula. Seek out opportunities such as extracurricular activities, internships, and even volunteer work where you can further develop these skills, make connections and turn interests into passions. Sometimes the best career information may come from out of the box thinking or unconventional experiences. (For example, take a look at this great article about how one woman's volunteer experience turned into a career opportunity). Don't limit your options—explore them while you are in school so you will plenty of future opportunities to choose from.
Make sure to set up an appointment with a career counselor today to speak one-on-one to someone who can help you get started exploring your interests. There are also lots of programs and resources for freshmen such as you to get the ball rolling. Check out Career Services' infographic "Freshmen Year: 12 Steps to Begin Your Career Development," for specific steps you can take now. (In fact, you should consider applying for a Princeternship as a great way for you to get an inside look at different career paths and receive invaluable advice from alumni. Applications are now live on TigerTracks!)
Hope this helps, Emanuel.


text:
The Utah Blaze lost to the host Philadelphia Soul 69-39 in an Arena Football League game Friday night, falling to 5-11 and extending their losing streak to four games.
The 11-5 Soul, now winners of their sixth straight, gained fewer net yards than the Blaze but were helped by Dan Raudabaugh going 16 for 23 with five touchdowns.
The Blaze switched from backup Jason Boltus to last year's MVP, Tommy Grady, for most of Friday's game. Grady went 23 of 40 for 232 yards and four touchdowns, two of which came at the hands of receiver Mario Urrutia.
Nine penalties hurt the Blaze, who were outscored 35-13 at halftime and never managed to catch up.
Chase Deadder and Shannon Tevaga had Utah's other touchdowns, while the defense's Mike Alston had one tackle and forced a fumble.


text:
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text:
ASCAP Honors Dr. Luke, Max Martin
GRAMMY-nominated producers Lukasz "Dr. Luke" Gottwald and Max Martin were named Songwriters of the Year and GRAMMY winner Pat Monahan of Train earned Song of the Year for "Hey, Soul Sister" at the 28th Annual ASCAP Pop Music Awards on April 27 in Los Angeles. GRAMMY nominees Band Of Horses were honored with the Vanguard Award, recognizing the impact of musical genres that help shape the future of American music, and Rod Stewart was presented with the ASCAP Founders Award for his influence on music creators. Additional songwriters garnering awards included Keith Harris, Steve Kipner, Ari Levine, Frederic Riesterer, and Stargate's Mikkel Eriksen and Tor Hermansen, among others. (4/28)


text:
'Regier was clear about his message Wednesday. The organization needs to make the postseason this year. He knows how ugly it can get around here when they fail. Fair or not, you couldn't help but wonder if he really meant the Sabres need to win before people start raising questions about his future. Don't forget, owner Tom Golisano said before the season he would chew on his microphone if they missed the playoffs again.'
Changes don't always mean improvement
March 5, 2009 Submitted by
Via: Buffalo News


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Orvis Battenkill Bar Stock II Fly Fishing Reel W/ Orvis Hydros Line - New In Box
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