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Ina M. Pentecost Hopkins Smith Passed away Friday, May 25th at the age of 98 at St. Joseph's Medical Center in Tacoma, Washington. Many of her loving family were with her. She was born in Brandsville, Missouri, December 15, 1913.
Ina was the twelfth child of James Eli Shields Pentecost and Laura Francis Breedlove Pentecost. She married Chester (Chet) Lloyd Hopkins January 25, 1930 in Melbourne, Arkansas, where they had three children.
They were having a very difficult time during the Depression and decided to move to Alaska in 1939. When Chet arrived in Alaska he started working for the Alaska Railroad. He and Ina built a house on Nugget Avenue in Spenard, Alaska, where they had three more children.
In 1943 Ina married Roy H. D. Smith, who worked as a foreman for the Alaska Railroad. He and Ina built a three-bedroom home, a triplex, a duplex, and a small, one-bedroom house. The rental business helped supplement his income as they proceeded to have six more children, and enabled Ina to stay home and care for their children. She instilled a strong love of family, faith, and helping others who were less fortunate in all her children.
In 1963, Roy and Ina, with the five youngest children, moved to Tacoma, Washington to live and be able to help take care of his 85-year-old mother. Ina lived 49 years in Tacoma. Ina was always involved in her children, grandchildren, great-grandchildren, and great-great-grandchildren's lives. She was the conduit for all information regarding her family and many friends throughout her life. Ina was so very proud of her children. She would frequently state, "I have twelve children, and they're all natural!" They were all single births too.
She had 33 grandchildren, 58 great-grandchildren, and 29 great-great-grandchildren. She was preceded by husbands Chester Hopkins, Roy R. D. Smith, Gary Kassuth, and Harold Hopkins, son Roy Lee Hopkins, daughter Doris Richardson, granddaughter Lerrina Smith, great-granddaughter Shelcy Diebert, and great-grandson Ayden Beall.
Ina is survived by Ida Elizabeth (Kenneth) Riley of Grants Pass, Oregon; Mary Joanne (William) McKenney of Mt. Ida, Arkansas; David (Teresa) Hopkins of Kalama, Washington; Juanita (Skip) Beall III of Surprise, Arizona; Ina Jean Pearson of Coco, Florida; Darrell Richardson son-in-law of Tacoma, Washington; Carolyn (Richard) Turner of Homer, Alaska; Bonnie (Earl) Karr of Fernley, Nevada; Dorothy (Joseph) Fry of Des Moines, Washington; Perry R.D. Smith of Tacoma, Washington; former daughter-in-law Joan Smith and Julia (Steve) Pilgrim of Kent, Washington.
Funeral services will be held June 2, 2012 at 3pm at Weeks Dryer Mortuary, 220 134th Street South, Tacoma, Washington 98444. A gathering of family and friends will be held after the service at Gove Masonic Lodge, 3736 South Sheridan, Tacoma, Washington 98418. Donations strongly suggested to your favorite charity.
Pub Date: 5/30/2012 – Tacoma News Tribune
[Photo taken 2001 at a Breedlove's cousin reunion in Renton. – CJW] Ina was my first cousin 2 X removed. We were 'double cousins' because her mother Laura Breedlove Pentecost was a sister to my G-grandmother Cerilda Breedlove Yates. We were also cousins through the Pentecost family. My G-Grandmother Mary E. Pentecost was a sister to Ina's father James Eli Shields Pentecost. (My Grandfather Will K. Yates married his step sister Minnie C. Smith)
© Carol Wilkerson 2012


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There are hypocrites, Muslims, and unbelievers, but there is another, intermediate class in the Qur'an; those with sickness in their hearts. These people are potential hypocrites as well as potential Muslims. It is easy for them to make the passage to Islam, but they also have what it takes to be hypocrites. For example, in the incident in which our Prophet's (saas) wife was slandered, people with sickness in their hearts begin harboring doubts. They are not hypocrites, but they are skeptical. Allah asks whether it is not better to call this an outright lie. But they have doubts, and say, "I love the Prophet (saas), but what if it is true?" In the same way, there were those who raised their voices alongside the Prophet (saas), and that is a sickness of the heart. Talking in a raised voice is a way of secretly affecting people's opinions. Allah reveals in a verse that when the Prophet (saas) said something they obeyed it without any hesitation. If you hesitate, He says, you cannot be regarded as a true Muslim. Hesitation is also a sickness. There must be no hesitation. There is no hesitation in hypocrisy. They go right ahead and deny. The unbeliever denies right off. Hesitation arises in the heart where there is sickness. He does not deny, but he doubts the truth of the Messenger's (saas) words. He accepts them. But he does not confirm them in his heart. But he should confirm them, and that is also a sickness.
When the hypocrites and people with sickness in their hearts said, 'What Allah and His Messenger promised us was mere delusion.' (Surat al-Ahzab, 12)
The hypocrite both thinks it and also gives voice to it. His aim is to spread his disease and create indiscipline. To destroy respect for and belief in the Prophet (saas) and faith. He uses a language that suggests, "I am better than you. I will stay with the Muslims, but you must recognize your mistakes." As if, may Allah forbid, the Prophet (saas) had produced a faulty analysis, led us astray. He uses a language that suggests, may Allah forbid, "Don't do it again. You are only human, even you can make mistakes."
And a group of them said, "People of Yathrib, Your position is untenable so return!" … (Surat al-Ahzab: 13)
"Your position is untenable, so return!" These are just the kind of words a hypocrite will use. There is a full pronouncement here.
There is no pronouncement when they say: "What Allah and His Messenger promised us was mere delusion," but there is a pronouncement here. They are saying "Do not listen to the Messenger." Now it becomes a hypocritic act.
One group of them said, "Our houses are exposed." This is also the language of the hypocrite. The act of flight. Those with sickness in their hearts do not flee, but remain among Muslims in a state of apprehension, unable to decide.
If they had been overrun from every side, and had then been asked to revert to disbelief, they would have done so and hesitated very little about it. (Surat al-Ahzab: 14)
This is also hypocritical behavior, because there is a direct assault on Muslims. When there is an attack, those engaged in it generally have a strategic background plan. Allah refers to this in the words "if they had been overrun from every side." When there is an attack on Muslims it is wrong to divert all one's concentration to that direction alone, as there will inevitably be a second or third front. There will be the media aspect and the attack itself. They make wide-ranging preparations. Those with sickness in their hearts regard times of difficulty as an opportunity, and they fall upon the Prophet (saas), the imam, the messenger, but when the attack is withdrawn their hearts are pacified.
First there is an attack, and then corruption is desired. But corruption is quite separate. Corruption requires a different type of activity. Corruption is generally produced in order to facilitate dispersion, but the Messenger is essentially targeted here, and it is easy once his unreliability – in their shallow mind – has been emphasized. These activities are carried on by employing the logic that "the messenger's thoughts were wrong, his calculations were wrong, and we only wish to do you good. So return."
They would have hesitated very little: Those with sickness in their hearts are very obdurate, they cannot make decisions and are full of doubt.
Say: "Flight will not benefit you if you try to run away from death or being killed. Then you will only enjoy a short respite." (Surat al-Ahzab: 16)
Death is what the hypocrite fears most. They fear being killed even more. They say there is a stronger risk of being killed at the Prophet's (saas) side.
Allah knows the obstructers among you and those who say to their brothers, "Come to us," and who only come to fight a very little. (Surat al-Ahzab: 18)
Some of them obstruct directly, kidnapping or seizing their kids. "You must not join the Muslims," they say. And when he does not join the Muslims for some time, they believe that he will renounce Islam. When he does not go to them for a month or 6 months or a year, when they speak and condition him against Muslims, they believe he will renounce Islam. By constantly offering various opportunities and advantages and talking against the other side. This logic was around in the time of our Prophet (saas), and will also be around in the time of Hazrat Mahdi (as).
"Allah knows those who say to their brothers, 'Come to us'." The reason why they say "come to us" to that specific person is obvious; had they regarded that person as devout they wouldn't have said such a thing, they only say it to people they imagine to have sickness in their hearts. When it comes to devout believers, satan also says: "I have no power over believers." If a hypocrite says such a thing to a person, then that person should respond to it with a very powerful counter-attack. It appears that there is a potential group among Muslims that hypocrites might call on.
"who only come to fight a very little." Sometimes a hypocrite may also display signs of a Muslim, albeit very weakly. For instance, they may go and preach the word, but that is only for a short while, so Allah warns the believers not to be deceived by this.
And are begrudging towards you. Then when fear comes, you see them looking at you, their eyes rolling like people scared to death. But when fear departs they flay you with sharp tongues, grasping for wealth. Such people have no faith and Allah will make their actions come to nothing. That is easy for Allah. (Surat al-Ahzab: 19)
Hypocrites are very selfish and only interested in saving their own skins.
This flawed expression appears in their eyes; there is this lack of meaning or significance. Meaningful expression in eyes is a quality that belongs to believers. Without exception, in unbelievers and hypocrites there is that flawed expression. This is a blessing for believers. You can't make a definitive judgment from that, but it is understood.
When fear departs: When Muslims gain strength the hypocrites realize that there can now be no attack and thus their hypocritical aggression calms down.
But hypocrites are very rampant and glib, using their sharp tongues against the Muslims, and they stock up on goods, possessions, food and clothing. This is also valid for those with sickness in their hearts. They will speak most inappropriately just when you least expect it, then stop, and then do it again. Keeping religious expressions apart, no words ever escape from their mouths to promote and establish peace and calm. Even when they are complimenting there is a corruption in it. There is an incubation period for hypocrites, and they act like this then, but once they have become totally rabid they become like someone with rabies that avoids light and water at first, and then goes and dies floundering. Hypocrites resemble rabid dogs. They criticize our Prophet (saas) and they criticize the Imam, they recognize no obstacles to their criticism. Their aim is not to do any good, but to incite others or upset and disturb them. It is a veiled threat.
"and Allah will make their actions come to nothing": They do things. They are not completely inactive. They pray and give alms and fast, but Allah makes all those come to nothing.
They think that the Confederates have not departed and if the Confederates did appear then they would wish they were out in the desert with the Bedouins, asking for news of you. If they were with you they would only fight a very little. (Surat al-Ahzab: 20)
The word Bedouin refer to people who do not read or write, who are blunt and who are unintelligent, who understand nothing of faith and religion, and who want to live in a bovine manner. Good people may sometimes come from them, but generally they are not. I am emphasizing the Bedouin character, as this is mentioned in the Qur'an, or else the Bedouins who live in the desert are not the ones referred to.
They disperse and collect information about Muslims. One never knows what they are up to. They harm neither Muslims nor unbelievers. They are neutral, but blunt when it comes to matters of faith.
"If they were with you they would only fight a very little." Even if they are among Muslims they will not go preaching the word or spreading Islam. They live their own private lives, on the side. They lack the determination for active struggle alongside Muslims. They retire to a room and live their own lives, or retire to a cave and live their lives there. The whole question is one of being separate from Muslims. The important thing for them is to be distanced from Muslims and not to serve Islam.
Some people imagine if they confound me, they will confound the religion. But when criticized I say thank you and make the necessary changes. I don't declare myself as an example; I just call them to the Qur'an. So in criticizing me they cannot harm the faith.
When the believers saw the Confederates they said: "This is what Allah and His Messenger promised us. Allah and His Messenger told us the truth." It only increased them in faith and in submission. (Surat al-Ahzab: 22)
Muslims are not fearful. There is no disease in their hearts. Looking at our age, this is something promised by Allah and the Messenger of Allah (saas) and Hazrat Mahdi (as). When hypocrites, unbelievers and Darwinists attack us, they just make us more fervent and stronger, we become alive, masha'Allah.
O Prophet, tell your wives: "If you desire the life of this world and its finery, come and I will give you all you need and release you with kindness." (Surat al-Ahzab: 28)
There is no hypocrisy here, but there is sickness. Sickness has come to their hearts. Sickness has formed in the hearts of many of his wives. Our Prophet (saas) says "I will give you whatever you want, money, and property and I will release you with kindness and without conflict." By that Allah shows us how divorce is; giving the necessary means and letting them go kindly. But this is a terrifying thing for a woman; to make our Prophet (saas) say it.
At the same time, the purpose of marriage is set out; it is for the Hereafter, for Allah's approval. That means one must seek pure devoutness (taqwa). Allah manifests Himself most in whoever is seen to enjoy most of His approval, to have the greatest moral virtue, affection, depth, love and cleanliness. This is the greatest blessing in the world. What did our holy mothers in the time of our Prophet (saas) do? They looked at our Prophet's (saas) jet black hair, his robe from Byzantium, his broad shoulders, his pinkish, childlike complexion and his power, masha'Allah. And they naturally fell in love.
There were some weird people at that time; they made unbelievable suggestions about our Prophet's (saas) wives. May Allah forbid! There were thoughts of marrying his wives after our Prophet's (saas) death. Allah says that because He knows their hearts. That is why He separated them with a curtain. Allah says; "they are made unlawful for you for all eternity." Allah prevents this corruption, but the fact that such a thing even crossed their minds shows how difficult and frightening conditions at the time were.
Some of our Prophet's (saas) wives thought that marriage would bring them a different status. Allah warns the Prophet's (saas) wives in great detail in Surat at-Tahrim. However marriage makes no difference, he is the Imam. They are to become even more obedient and respectful. But some of them behave in a manner stemming from feminine tradition. However there is an attack by hypocrites, a difficult and distressing environment, and believers must cling tightly and support the Prophet (saas) in such a climate.
Allah creates more than one weakness in this world. There is a specific industry just for the weakness people experience through their armpits. A person has many problems if he does not clean his teeth. The whole body is full of weaknesses; one has to clean one's ears with cotton wool, then one's feet and hair. But there is none of these in Paradise. But in this world, just one of these weaknesses is enough to put someone off. Allah makes people want to be clean, so they desire to get rid of dirt as soon as possible. They are naturally clean and pure in Paradise. In the same way a rose smells nice, so do people there. One does not have to brush one's teeth quadrillions of years, but they are always clean.
But those of you who are obedient to Allah and His Messenger and act rightly will be given their reward twice over; and We have prepared generous provision for them. (Surat al-Ahzab: 31)
Allah is not only referring to any kind of obedience but to true, sincere, willing, passionate and loving obedience.
Some of our brothers ask if sincerity alone is enough for salvation. What does a sincere person do? The Prophet Jesus (as) came having lost his memory. He looks around, and asks what this is. This is the Torah, they say, and this is the Gospel and the Qur'an. When he reads the Qur'an, he says that is correct, the Qur'an is the true one. And that is all. There comes a lifetime of absolute faith. He looks and sees the image and the light. He knows where they are. He hears a high-quality sound; he touches things, and comes to absolute and certain faith. His faith is never rocked again. A rational person decides once, makes a firm decision, perceives faith and never goes back on it. When a person is sincere he finds the Qur'an and obeys it completely, binding himself to Allah with love, and loving the Messenger of Allah (saas).
Wives of the Prophet! You are not like other women provided you have taqwa. Do not be too soft-spoken in your speech lest someone with sickness in his heart becomes desirous. Speak correct and courteous words. (Surat al-Ahzab: 32)
The wives of the Prophet (saas) should have thought of these things before this verse was revealed by Allah. This also is a sickness. It can vary in intensity; however it is a sickness underlying hypocrisy. A believer must have known this anyway. A person knows what it means to be the wife of a Prophet, how could anyone not know? Allah says there is a sick person there. One can tell how widespread this sickness is. That person is also weak and close to hypocrisy. Allah says the wives of the Prophet (saas) have a special status and are not like any other people.
Or did those with sickness in their hearts imagine that Allah would not expose their malevolence? (Surah Muhammad: 29)
There is elusiveness in those with sickness in their hearts, but in unbelievers things are clear. People with sickness in their hearts are prone to hatred, anger, gossip and conflict. Anger is like a passion in them. Their features are dark and they are sharp-tongued. They speak, trying to make Muslims uneasy, showing that they dislike them, intending to belittle them and to show that they are superior to them.
We will test you until We know the true fighters among you and those who are steadfast and test what is reported of you. (Surah Muhammad: 31)
This is the key verse. It is Allah's system that brings out the difference between the devout and the hypocrite, the believer and someone with sickness in his heart. Muslims feel a great strength for spreading the religion of Allah day and night, with great love and passion. They are naturally repelled by hypocrites and loathe unbelievers. But not the individual in person, they loathe their ideas and deeds. They loathe their intellectual system, what they do. There is also patience in the intellectual struggle. I have had the same passion ever since 1979, for instance. Most of those who set out with me have gone astray. There were all kind of associations and groups, but they are now in entirely different worlds, but I am pressing on with an ever growing enthusiasm, insha'Allah.
Religion grows stupendously where there is no pressure. Then there will always be enlightenment afterward. Religion cannot grow when there is pressure, and if it does, it grows weak. Backwardness also grows where there is pressure. What upsets them the most is science, progress and enlightenment. What happens when science meets backwardness? Backwardness comes to an end. After that, there is nowhere for the hypocrite or unbeliever to hide, insha'Allah. Just as in the time of our Prophet (saas), there will be love, love of children, beauty, joy, and enlightenment.
"... HAZRAT MAHDI (AS) WILL APPEAR with the banner of the Messenger of Allah (saas), when people are widely afflicted AND WHEN ALL HOPE OF HIS COMING HAS BEEN LOST… (al-Muttaqi al-Hindi, Al-Burhan fi Alamat al-Mahdi Akhir al-Zaman, p. 55)
Allah afflicts the one for whom He desires good. (Imam Malik's Muwatta, Book 50, 50.3.7)
If Allah wants to do good to somebody, He afflicts him with trials. (Sahih Bukhari, Volume 7, Book 70, 548)
What are scourges and afflictions if a person is good and reasonable? Our Prophet (saas) says there will be prison, defamation, oppression, slander, attacks from hypocrites and unbelievers, assassinations, and everything.
* A MAN [HAZRAT MAHDI (AS)] FROM AMONG THE BELIEVERS WILL OPPOSE THE ANTICHRIST. MANY PEOPLE CARRYING ARMS, PEOPLE BEARING ARMS IN THE CENTERS OF SURVEILLANCE OF THE ANTICHRIST, WILL MOVE AGAINST THAT BELIEVER. (Ibrahim Suleymanoglu, Mehdilik ve Imamiye [The System of the Mahdi and Imamate], p. 37; Sahih Muslim, 11/393)
Hazrat Mahdi (as) stands against the antichrist. Against Darwinism and materialism, in other words. People of that time carrying arms will move against Hazrat Mahdi (as). People bearing arms in the centers of surveillance: This means that Hazrat Mahdi (as) will be placed under surveillance and followed. This means the antichrist will have bases from place to place. Like the Alleged Ergenekon Organization. They are also armed. They have bases in various places, and he says they are striving against Hazrat Mahdi (as).
When that Muslim personage [Hazrat Mahdi (as)] sees the antichrist, he says: "People! This is the antichrist of whom the Prophet (saas) mentioned." Antichrist gives his order about him right away and that person is laid upon his stomach and from his back it is said: "Take him and beat him." Then that person's back and stomach is broadened by beating. Then the antichrist will seize him by his two hands and feet and cast him away. People imagine that the antichrist will throw him into a fire. But he will actually have been cast into paradise. (Ibrahim Suleymanoglu, Mehdilik ve Imamiye [The System of the Mahdi and Imamate], p. 40; Sahih Muslim)
"O People! This is the antichrist spoken of by the Messenger of Allah (saas)" he will say. And the antichrist will appear, but people will not understand the antichrist.
that person's back and stomach is broadened by beating.:. He says the antichrist will go on the offensive against Hazrat Mahdi (as). This is not literal beating. Because that would kill a person.
His fame will increase. They will attack Hazrat Mahdi (as) on the television and in the press.
The more they attack Hazrat Mahdi (as) the more his fame in the public eye and his strength will grow. Because a person whose back and stomach are broadened by beating would die. That means that the more he is attacked the more his fame and name will spread. This is an allegorical [mutashabih] hadith, interpreted in this way.
People imagine that the antichrist will throw him into a fire. But he will actually have been cast into paradise: This means they will send Hazrat Mahdi (as) into a garden with vines. They will imprison him. The second meaning is this; since Hazrat Mahdi (as) experiences paradise in his soul, that place will also become paradise for him. Prison will be like paradise for him. That is what it means.
36/17- We are only responsible for clear transmission.
To preach and transmit only what we are responsible for. People are free to act as they wish.
Abjad calculation gives the date 2010. The Qur'an therefore indicates that the preaching will be very powerful in 2010.
Bediuzzaman also referred to 2010 in 1910:
The Master says you will see his countenance in 2010.
The easy thing for those with sickness in their heart is that they can renounce hypocrisy, and this appears in the Qur'an. But those with sickness in their hearts are in any case believers. Believers pray to Allah to lift the sickness from their hearts. Believers pray by saying, "O Lord, take the sickness from my heart." Therefore, one can encounter Muslims with sickness in their hearts, but this can easily be cured. So one can escape it when one prays and clings to natural causes.
It is also Allah Who creates the madness of idolaters and hypocrites. Believers struggle by discharging their religious obligations. But the hypocrite is a creature who has already been defeated in destiny. A piece of paper, for instance, turns to ashes when it is burned. It is destined to turn into ashes, we know it will turn into ashes. The hypocrite is like a piece of burned paper. In other words, he will inevitably turn into ashes and dust. But the Muslim has a responsibility to prepare an appropriate environment for that burning. But Allah will still burn him whether we do anything or not. Disbelief is created to be defeated. That is the law of Allah.
The sickness is lifted from those with it in their hearts when they cling tightly to the Qur'an. The Qur'an is the cure. There is therefore a group of people who have sickness in their hearts, but there is no rule they should always have that sickness. What does it mean for a person to be sick? It means he is capable of being cured. It means being open to a cure. He just has to take his medicine and cure himself. That is why there is no reason for someone who feels he has sickness in his heart to be uneasy. It is enough to cling tightly to the Qur'an and heed their consciences. That will immediately impart the cure and they will be freed from their sickness. And it will not take long. There are some people who do not cure themselves, who catch a cold or the flu, but who then sit in the cold, stop eating and generally encourage sickness, so they are never free of it. It is the same with those with sickness in their hearts. Instead of getting on with treatment, they spend time in environments that will just encourage sickness, and so the sickness persists. But if they were to take their medicine and the proper precautions, they would get better at once.
33/56- Allah and His angels call down blessings on the Prophet. You who believe! call down blessings on him and ask for complete peace and safety for him.
In other words, they watch over and protect him, they support him and show him kindness and love. Believers must pray for him with complete submission, with genuine love, harboring no doubts in their hearts, in full trust. Because he is a very intelligent and valuable person. In other words, it would be very odd for someone to try to give advice to influence the Prophet (saas) mind on the basis of his own low intelligence. The reason is because he acts through revelation. But you act according to what you see fit. Allah tells us to "follow the Prophet." So how can you feel any doubt? How can you say "I wonder…" in the context of those words? Abjad calculation of this verse gives 1986. The time of Hazrat Mahdi (as). The Qur'an indicates that something will happen in 1986 and tells us to help and support him. This means these are the difficult years of the system of the Mahdi.
33/60- If the hypocrites and those with sickness in their hearts and the rumor-mongers in Madina do not desist, We will set you onto them. Then they will only be your neighbours there a very short time.
Allah makes a vow. Those with sickness in their hearts bear a close resemblance to hypocrites. But Allah specially refers to the hypocrites. Because the situation of the hypocrite is utterly vile. They are the people in the lowest level of hell. But people with sickness can be cured.
The rumor-mongers in Madina (city): If the hypocrites who engage in provocation in the cities, who spread false reports or fitnah, who try to give rise to doubts and suspicions regarding Muslims and who try to encourage suspicions about Islam persist in this behavior, then Muslims will attack them using knowledge, information and ideas. They will not stop. You have to go on the counter-offensive when they attack. That is a religious obligation.
33/62- This is Allah's pattern with those who passed away before. You will not find any alteration in Allah's pattern.
In other words, this always happens. It is the hypocrite's character.
You will not find any alteration in Allah's pattern: it is always the same. Hazrat Mahdi (as) resembles our Prophet (saas), and our Prophet (saas) resembles the Prophet Moses (as), and he resembles the Prophet Abraham (as). Events and their activities are similar. Almost all the prophets have been asked to show an angel above their heads. You must produce an angel, they are told, so we can see it, and then we will believe you are a prophet.

subset: commoncrawl


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Evaluation of Start Strong: Building Healthy Teen Relationships
A four-year, teen dating violence (TDV) prevention program
The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation commissioned the independent research firm, RTI International to evaluate Start Strong: Building Healthy Teen Relationships, their four-year, teen dating violence (TDV) prevention program, in collaboration with Blue Shield of California Foundation (BCSF) and Futures Without Violence. From 2008 to 2012, RWJF and BSCF invested $18 million in 11 Start Strong sites across the country to promote healthy relationships among 11- to 14-year-olds and identify promising strategies to prevent TDV.
The Start Strong evaluation is one of the few, and largest, studies to take an in-depth look at healthy relationship development and TDV prevention efforts involving middle school students. The Start Strong evaluation consisted of two parts: an outcome evaluation and a policy evaluation. The overall purpose of the evaluation was to assess the overall impact of Start Strong by looking at: the effectiveness of the program among students and teachers; and the adoption, implementation, and sustainability of TDV prevention policy efforts in Start Strong sites. The baseline findings of the student outcome evaluation were released in March 2011 in a report called "Middle School Matters".
This evaluation offers new information on the dating behaviors and attitudes of middle school students and outcome findings to inform TDV prevention efforts.
Key Findings
Start Strong had a sustained positive impact on middle-school students' attitudes towards teen dating violence and gender equality, two key factors linked to the prevention of TDV.
By fall 2012, six of the 11 Start Strong communities achieved significant policy wins. As a direct result of their work, five sites secured important changes to TDV-related school district policies. Sites also provided technical assistance and awareness-building to inform changes to state legislation. State legislation was strengthened in three states.
In addition, all 11 sites established one or more practice changes that remained in place in the school year after the completion of Start Strong funding. Practice changes included TDV education, staff training and parent education.
Lessons Learned
Dating Violence Prevention
Teen dating violence and abuse is a major public health problem in this country. A new online tool kit shares best practices from Start Strong: Building Healthy Teen Relationships—RWJF's national program working to prevent teen dating violence.
The interactive site includes facts, tips, and resources all designed to put young people on the road to healthy relationships.


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The first horror film I ever saw at age eight, indeed the first film I ever saw in a theater, was the 1959 House on Haunted Hill. It starred Vincent Price, and I now know it was directed by William Castle, called "the poor man's Hitchcock," who churned out many "B" thriller movies. Although Castle's genre was the psychological thriller, his films are subgenres of horror. House on Haunted Hill was projected in "Emergo", one of the gimmicks Castle was known for. In this case it meant that a large f … [Read more...]
"The Conjuring" – are horror films C(c)atholic?
July 15, 2013 by Leave a Comment


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Message Board
J.G. Ballard Message Board
Talk about the novels, new and used books that Ballard has written!
Author Ballard's Book Reviews
Concrete Island
One day in April, 1973, 35-year-old architect Robert Maitland races home from a conference and a few nights with his mistress, but his Jaguar crashes through a highway barrier and into a large island between freeways. The vehicle is not drivable, and Maitland is unable to escape the island during the several days no one is apt to miss him. He tries to flag down traffic, scrambles for food and shelter, even tries to burn his Jaguar to create a signal flar...
The Crystal World
Dr. Edward Sanders, a physician with a leper hospital in the Cameroon, is puzzled by letters from his recent lover Suzanne at the jungle clinic where she's gone with her husband. He makes his way upriver as the army is shutting down the area because of some sort of ecological anomaly: a virus or something that is turning everything -- plants, animals, the surface of the river, army vehicles, even humans -- into brilliant crystals. Sanders hooks up with a...
The Drought
For ten years, drought conditions around the planet have been worsening. Dr. Charles Ransom, separated from his wife Judith, has been hanging on in the mountain community of Hamilton as the lake and river dry up and people flee for the ocean. Eventually he joins the exodus, while a few religious and other crazies stay and fight among one another. For another 10 years, people fight and steal from one another at ocean's edge, where the government has set u...
The Drowned World
In the second of Ballard's early end-of-the-world-as-we-know-it novels, 60 or 70 years of increased radiation due to solar instability have driven up temperatures some 60 degrees in the equatorial zones and submerged much of the coasts and lowlands of the world, and the UN has supervised colonization of the Antarctic plateau and the northern borders of Russia and Canada. Robert Kerans, 40, works at a biological research station at some submerged European...
Ballard booklist
The Wind From Nowhere
Researcher Donald Maitland is separating from his wife Susan and preparing to leave London for a job in Vancouver when he finds himself grounded like everyone else because windspeed has been climbing around the world. The wind picks up roughly 5 mph a day, reaching 55 mph, then 90 mph, then 180 mph and far beyond, and turning the skies black with loosened topsoil and debris. Cities collapse, millions seek refuge in subways, sewers, military bunkers, cave...


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Results 1 to 5 of 5
Thread: ADHD or just hyperactive?
6th April 2012 04:35 PM #1
- Join Date
- Apr 2012
- Posts
- 10
ADHD or just hyperactive?
I was wondering is there any way to distinguish if a childs hyperactivity is a sign of ADHD or not?
What is the main difference between a hyperactive child with ADHD and a hyperactive/overactive child with no such disorder? Is it possible for a parent to tell?
Looking forward to your replies.
7th April 2012 01:24 AM #2
- Join Date
- Dec 2011
- Posts
- 115
I do think it is possible for a parent to tell, but I also think that some parents may be unsure if their child really has ADHD or not. My oldest son has ADHD, as well as several other mental health conditions. For us, we knew that it was more than just being "a boy" when he was around the age of four. Some people still say things like he is just being "a boy" or he just has a lot of energy. We have taken him to several doctors and received more information with each doctor we have seen, which has helped us learn more about his mental health/behavioral/emotional issues, and it is helping us learn how to help him.
For ADHD, there are a few things to look for:
not listening when spoken too
cannot complete tasks
is easily distracted
often loses things
does not want to participate in activities that require a lot of effort or work
fidgets often
difficulty sitting still
running or climbing everything, all the time
excessive talking
blurting out answers
gets out of seat often
always seems to be "on the go" or powered by a motor
These are just some symptoms of ADHD and it can seem confusing to know whether your child is just very energetic and loves to play, or if your child truly has ADHD. For my son, things are a bit different as he has other mental health issues, but he is constantly moving, he fidgets in his seat, cannot sit through dinner, paces and runs a lot, climbs on everything and often jumps off of things. He also cannot focus on one task (unless it is video games). He talks a lot, and will often interrupt others and repeat the same thing over and over until he gets your attention. He also jumps from topic to topic rather quickly at times.
I sometimes think that the term ADHD is often overused these days, but I also believe it is a real condition that some children and adults have, so it is definitely something that can be helped with therapy and/or medications. Is your child in school or homeschooled? I think it is important to learn techniques to help the child, which may require giving the child breaks during the day, giving them fidget toys to play with, etc. If you are concerned about ADHD, I would definitely speak with your doctor.
Here is some more information about ADHD from the Austalian Psychological Society.
7th April 2012 02:48 AM #3
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- Apr 2012
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- 10
Thank you so much for all the information! Apparently she has all the hyperactivity symptoms and this is what bothers me. She also moves from one thing to another so quickly I cant even follow. Shes changing positions and moving around all the time.. even when watching a movie or eating, which would drive me crazy sometimes. On the other hand (and this is what I hold on to) she is able to concentrate when drawing for example and she could spend half an hour doing that. She would also participate in anything and everything with enthusiasm although she loses interest pretty quickly.
I think lots of children have these `symptoms` without being labeled as ADHD and I dont want to stress her to see doctors for these if its not necessary. Otherwise shes a happy child, full of energy and ideas and I dont want to take it away for no real reason, so Im trying to get some answers for my own piece of mind.
23rd April 2012 08:42 PM #4
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- Apr 2012
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- 17
I just wanted to find out if ADHD is genetic as my daughters father has it but thank goodness has learnt to cope with it, so if anyone could please help me on this.
23rd April 2012 11:19 PM #5
That's an interesting question and one which, I believe, is still subject to debate. This news article discusses some 2010 research into whether ADHD has a genetic cause. It seems this study has shown some differences in the DNA of those who had ADHD compared to the control group. However, this was not the case for all those who had ADHD, therefore, some experts believe environmental factors are more significant.
Sorry I couldn't give you a definitive answer but the research is still going on into this subject.


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PEWTERWARE, PORCELAIN, and CERAMICS
Centers of American Life
Colonists gathered in the taverns and inns to discuss
recent news and ongoing issues, and of course to eat and drink.
Wine, hard cider, beer and
rum flowed freely, although outbursts of violence were rarely seen.
The colonists' heavy drinking habits were justified by fear of polluted
water supplies and belief in alcohol's medicinal properties.
Ham and mutton were the favored meats. Bread, cheese
and vegetables were readily available - but tomatoes were considered
poisonous! There was no understanding of vitamins, however, sailors
had discovered that fruit could prevent scurvy and dysentery. Food
contained no chemical preservatives, so perishable foods were salted,
pickled, or soaked in liquor to prevent spoilage.


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Their ineptitude required the seaman to abandon his post at the tiller and man an oar himself.
He was even aroused with difficulty, and he resumed the oar with reluctance.
The Spaniard seized an oar and with an oath sprang toward the American.
My bruised and swollen hands could no longer close on the oar handles.
And once he let Tattie and me try to row, but I 'caught a crab' and dropped the oar.
Their only oar was wrenched from the grasp of the fisherman, and the frail bark was thus left to the mercy of the waves.
He pulled on; but Jack saw his hands suddenly let go his oar, and down he sank.
They climbed over the seat back and each took an oar, kneeling like canoeists.
Plant my oar upon my tomb—the oar with which I used to row while I was living.'
Happy are those who still dwell in Cambridge courts and follow the delightful labour of the oar!
Old English ar "oar," from Proto-Germanic *airo (cf. Old Norse ar, Danish aare, Swedish åra), of unknown origin; perhaps related to Latin remus "oar," Greek eretes "rower," eretmos "oar."
Related Terms


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These days, Mor Furniture Spokane for much less has divisions in 20 places across seven declares of the nation. Some of these places are at Phoenix, Sparks Riverside, Albuquerque, Dallas, San Paul, Spokane, and Mesa and so on. The declares ...[Read More]
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Cameron and the Girls
Reading Level: Grades 7 - 10
Cameron has schiophreniform disorder, a form of schizophrenia. At fourteen, he decides he's old enough to make the decision to go off his meds. Without medication Cameron hears voices. He hears The Professor who gives good solid advice. Then there's The Girl who is everything Cameron could want in a relationship except that she's not real. Then a new voice called The Other Guy tells Cameron to be more macho and take risks. When a girl in his special ed class shows an interest in Cameron an unusual love triangle develops.
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Gina Mancuso recorded 16 kills on the evening, while Hannah Werth notched 16 kills and 17 digs of her own. Morgan Broekhuis tallied nine blocks, two aces and three digs, while Hayley Thramer hit .636 behind eight kills on 11 attacks. Allison McNeal tabbed four kills and seven block assists, and Lauren Cook finished with 42 assists. Paige Hubl led the Huskers defensively with 19 digs, giving NU a 48-23 digs advantage over Hawaii.
The Huskers continue their spring schedule on Saturday, April 7 as they take on North Dakota State in Norfolk, Neb., at the Cox Activities Center at 3 p.m.


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LONG BEACH — Young man, I'm sure you can find many ways to have a good time, ... when the Village People of "Y.M.C.A." fame take the stage.
The campy disco dance group will be the headline act May 20 at the 29th annual Long Beach Lesbian and Gay Pride Festival, organizers announced Monday.
"I would say we're very happy," said Frank Rubio, chair of entertainment at the event. "They're certainly an iconic group that brings back a lot of fond memories."
Rubio says this is the second time the group has performed at the Festival that he is aware of.
The Village People are the second big get for the festival, which announced in April that Grammy-winner Queen Latifah would be making her first appearance in a pride event of any kind as the main act May 19.
"We were very fortunate," Rubio said of booking both the Village People and Queen Latifah. "The buzz is definitely out there."
Ever since Village People burst onto the disco scene in 1977, the group, founded by the late Jacques Morali, has been a favorite not only in the gay community, but also at events from weddings to baseball games.
In 2009, a Guinness world record was set when 44,000 people danced to a live rendition of the song at the Sun Bowl game in Texas.
Dubbed the "Kings of Disco," they have sold more than 100 million recordings worldwide, including "Y.M.C.A," "Macho Man" and "In the Navy." The six-man crew still features three of its six original members, and lead vocalist Ray Simpson, the cop character, has been with the group since 1979.
The Village People are in the midst of a national tour and will be touring Australia and New Zealand in November.
Last year, 80,000 people came out to the Long Beach festival and parade, which is the city's second-largest event next to the Toyota Grand Prix of Long Beach.
Long Beach's pride event is the second-largest gay pride event in Southern California and the nation's fourth largest. San Francisco, New York and West Hollywood are the top three.
The Long Beach Lesbian and Gay Pride Festival runs from 11 a.m. to 10 p.m. May 19 and May 20. Admission is $20. Information is available online at longbeachpride.com or by phone at 562-987-9191.
firstname.lastname@example.com, 562-714-2093, twitter.com/gregmellenpt


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Cher Monsieur Manga,
WiMax ce n'est pas du tout une espèce de WiFi, et ca parce que du point de vue théorétique la rase d'action pour un système WiMax c'est environs 40 km, si on utilise comme système radiant un système d'antennes intelligentes "smart antenna". En plus si on développe un logiciel de type Mobile IPv6, comme méthode d'accès alors vous avez déjà un système vraiment mobile. Ca veut dire que je peut m'inscrire dans le système WiMax avec mon terminal de n'importe quel réseaux et ca fonctionnera super grâce aux algorithmes qui sont développés par Mobile IPv6. Je parle ici de la vraie mobilité et pas de celle prévue par un réseau 3G ou 2G, ou je suis seulement nomade dans mon réseau mère, car si je quitte ce réseau en 2G ou 3G il faudrait des accords de "roaming" entre les opérateurs, tandis qu'ici en WiMax ca marche, n'importe quelle sera mon réseau mère.
Vous trouvez comme pièce jointe quelques précisions de plus sur le système qui engendre Mobile IPv6.
Je parle d'un vrai mobilité alors de je serai servi n'importe quelle sera mon réseau, je serai en "roaming" partout, en plus je suis IP, alors des liaison de données sans peine. Super bonne idée comme technologie je ne serai lié de l'opérateur que pour des raisons de tarifications.
Amicalement votre,René ANDREESCUPrésident de l'Association "Ecole Polytechnique de Bucarest"
Dear Mr. Manga,
WiMax it's not a really WiFi modified. That because cell radius can bee 40 km if we use a smart antenna area, theoretical speaking. Otherwise if we use also a Mobile IPv6 access protocol will have a really mobile network. That means I can login in the system with my terminal coming-up from any network. That doesn't works in 2G or 3G networks if only the operators have roaming accord. In our case will work fine because of Mobile IPv6 algorithms, for any host network.
You find attached small presentations, where you can find the principle of Mobile IPv6.
I talk here about a truly mobility and not only about nomadic situation in my home network, like in 2G or 3G cases. In this situation I will be in "roaming" in any network and more than that I have an IP link, which will work fine. Great technological idea! The only raison for I have a home network it's the billing.
Sincerely yours,René ANDREESCUPresident of "Polytechnic School of Bucharest" Association
Thank you very much for your message asking whether WiMax technology should be regulated in your coutry.
In my country or in any other country, I think at least the use of radio frequencies, power emission of radio signals, conditions for deployment of the technology for fixed or mobile services should be prescribed by the radio regulation. The study of regulation is now under way in our country.
I wish to seek the views of other e-discussion members in this respect.
Regards, Kawasumi
----- Original Message ----- From: Roger MANGASubject: règlementation du Wimax
je voudrais vous poser un problème qui n'a pas un lien direct avec la question 10-2/2.
En effet un débat sur la règlementation du Wimax divise en ce moment les responsables en charge des télécommunications dans mon pays. Certains sont pour la règlementation de cette technologie d'autres sont contre.
J'aimerais connaitre la vision de votre pays à ce sujet.
salutations, Roger MANGA
Dear Mr. Kawasumi,
As far as USO policy in India is concerned, initially the Universal Service Obligation Fund (USOF) was providing support for public access through Village Public Telephones (VPTs), Rural ommunity Phones (RCPs) and individual access through provision of individual household telephones (RDELs) i.e. basic services. Recently, the Government is working to provide support for creation of infrastructure for provision of mobile services in specified rural and remote areas. In addition, USO policy also intends to support provision of e-governance and other data services to the rural masses. For the same a proposal is under consideration of the Government to provide subsidy support for Broadband connectivity in rural and remote areas of the country in phased manner by utilizing the infrastructure created for provision of mobile services. The broad parameters under which the connectivity is required to be provided are being worked out.
2. In India, the Corporates, State Governments and NGOs have launched several rural initiatives based on latest ICTs and of different scales. Some pilot projects carried out in rural areas of India include the following:
(a) Profit Driven Projects:
Ø ITC e-chaupal Ø N-Logue Ø Drishtee (using existing telecom infra-structure)
(b) Grant/aid driven:
Ø MS Swaminathan Center (in Pondichery, focused on agriculture and fishing applications). Ø Tara-haat (focus on rural enterprises) Ø Akshaya (in Kerala with Government support). Ø Gyandoot (in M.P. with focus on e-Governance)- operated by n-Logue. Ø Rural e-Seva (in East Godavari District of AP with focus on e-governance) Ø Warana Village (in Maharashtra by NIC) ? operated by n-Logue
(c) Application Development initiatives:
Ø Bhoomi
(d) State Government driven:
Ø Andhra Pradesh Broadband Network ? Broadband connectivity available across the state ? for offices, institutions and homes ? at affordable costs.
3. In these pilot projects the main services that are being provided include the following:
(a) Information about agricultural product (b) market information (c) weather information (d) e-education (e) e-medicine (f) exam results (g) e-payments (h) video conferencing (i) cyber chatting (j) ecommerce (k) email (l) voice mail (m) e-governance, etc.
Best regards Sapna
On 4/9/07, KAWASUMI Yasuhiko wrote:
Dear Ms. Sharma, I think your message is based on the real policy and its practice. Thank you for your useful input. We would like to know what e-services are aimed for the rural and remote areas in India and Pakistan or implemented.
Regards. Kawasumi
Dear Mr. Bharti,I agree with Mr. Gupta. When I visited rural village centers in India two years ago,rural intreprueners explained to me that video-conferencing through the MCT facilitieswere pupular service among the village people. 256Kbps may be more confortable forthe users than 128 for the image or video transmission( video-conferencing, medicalconsultation services, and tele-education services etc).Regards.Kawasumi------------------------------------------------------Dear Mr. Bhatti,Though 128KBPS for rural area may be a goodbeginning,it cannot support Video(Entertanment) aswell as e-learning which are considered to be veryimportant applications to make the Broadbandaffordable as well as popular in rural areas. also any mandate for lower speeds in rural areas vis-a-vis urban may widen the digital divide further. For consideration please.Satyen Gupta
Dear all,
1. In India, Broadband policy 2004 defines Broadband connectivity as an 'always-on' data connection that has the capability of the minimum download speed of 256 kilo bits per second (kbps) to an individual subscriber.
2. As per commission of the European communities "Digital divide forum report: Broadband access and public support in under-served areas" dated 15.07.2005:
Speeds in rural areas tend to be lower than average. Download speeds between 144 kbps and 512 kbps have been the most common speeds rural users have subscribed to in the past two years (55-56% of users).
At the national level, in July 2004 the percentage of subscriptions to this bracket of speeds is down to 39%, and a similar percentage is registered for speeds up to 1 Mbps. Since 2003, at the national level, the share of low speeds has been declining, while higher speeds above 1 Mbps have increased their share. The share of high speeds in rural areas has remained overall constant.
Best regards Sapna
Facilitators for E-discussion topics
9 April 2007
1 Community Development
ANAGO Richard
2 Developing Support for Small Businesses
JHUNJHUNWALA Ashok
3 Rural technology for Social infrastructure
SANZ CABRERA Julian
4 Emergency Support & Disaster Mitigation
HASAN Taufik
Co:SASTROKUSUMO Utoro
5 Sustainability, Reliability & Effectiveness
Ms SHARMA Sapna
6 Environmental Monitoring & Protection
ROSE John
7 Economical Viability
HECTOR Paul
8A Indices in rural area
ALVAREZ Rodolfo
8B Community participation in infrastructure
9 NGN for rural and remote areas
AGUNG Wiseto
10 Broadband for rural and remote areas
Ms GRAIG Samantha
11 Regulatory Matter for rural and remote areas
MUNIKUNDA MUSATA Oscar
12 E-Services planned or implemented in rural and remote areas
BHATTI Mushtaq Ahmad
* updated after Bandung RQG10 meeting in March 2007.
Dear Mr. Bhatti,It was so nice to meet you during the RGQ10-2/2 meeting in Bandung last week. Thank you for your input on the topic of requirements for broadband and NGN.128Kbps and the 256Kbps are the target suggested at this time. During the Bandung meeting you suggested the new topic of e-services over the broadband for the rural and remote areas for the e-discussion and you kindly volunteered to be the facilitator for this topic.Can you lead the topic by providing the e-services planned or implemeted in rural and remote areas of your country.Regards. Kawasumi
Dear Mr.Mushtaq Ahmad Bhatti,Too, I fully agree with Hendrik Prins, your definition seem very realistic and deserve to be studied in depth
Yours sincerely Michel LEMAITRE
Dear Mushtaq Ahmad Bhatti
This is a realistic entry point in my view (same as 2x64 ISDN).
Regards Hendrik Prins Australia
Dear All,High data rates provision for rural areas is a bottleneck for rural areas as these areas lack in back bone facilities and content requirement is also limited. Keeping in view these constraints, Pakistan has defined 128 kbps always on connection as broad band which will meet most of the requirements/applications of rural areas. Regards, Mushtaq Ahmad Bhatti Director Telecom, Ministry of IT
Thanks Wiseto,As mentioned in my earlier comments,TRAI reccomendations for Unified licence is yet to be accepted by Govt. and therefore enough incentive is not there for operators to deploy NGN in rural areas. But main operators are in planning stage for NGN deployment for NGN. I will get some more details for that.Regards, Satyen
--- Wiseto Agung <firstname.lastname@example.com> wrote:Dear Satyen, Many thanks for your comments. As NGN promises new services possibilities as well as the cost reduction (both capex & opex), I have the same opinion with you that this technology might support the affordability aspect. Perhaps you could inform us the real case in India of the NGN implementation ? Kind regards, Wiseto
Dear Wiseto,
Thanks a lot for initiating the discussion on NGN in Rural area. There appears to be no killer application for NGN in rural areas but one very compelling application appears to be Triple-Play ie. all voice,internet and video through same infrastructure bundled with the single bill for all this services. This will take care of the affordability angle in the rural area as other wise people there can not afford the cost of individual service through separatre networks(infrastructre).Also rural area being a green field environment in most of the developing countries,deployment of NGN there makes an ideal choice.The main requirement for motivating the operators to deploy NGN in rural areas will be an Unified licence which should be technology neutral and service agnostic, enabling the operator to deploy any technology and provide all type of services by obtaining the single unified licence. In india the regulator(TRAI) has already reccomended a similar licencing regime to the Govt.Regards, Satyen
It seems to me that we are getting things a little out of order here and that is creating a problem.
I believe the situation is quite straight forward. User requirements are established first whether they be for individuals, households, businesses, Government entities, Hospitals, schools etc.
These requirements will vary greatly depending on the services and applications sought under a host of different scenarios depending on location, level of economic development and will tempered by the ability to fund/pay. We can try to determine a set of so called typical scenarios to be used for modelling and then do some straw man technical solutions and costing. If the network architecture is to be based on a shared and thus contended access model, we need to start from average date rates to dimension the network and then depending on the traffic flow dynamics make some predictions about likely peak data rates for individual connections.
There is nothing new in any of this. Thousands of networks have already been deployed in rural areas based on wireless to offer voice and more recently higher speed packet data access. Whether these or future ones are deemed broadband or not is a moot point and not even very important as long as the user needs are satisfied in my view. Furthermore how all this actually relates to NGN in a practical is still not even certain in my mind.
The above view are based on nearly 40 years of practical and theoretical experience in wireless communications, including intimate involvement with wireless broadband network system design and deployment in rural areas.
For consideration by the group.
Regards Hendrik
Hendrik, Michel: I agree that everyone should be very careful before drawing any conclusions from our discussions on this forum. We are in a very early stage in the deployment of broadband in rural areas, and it is not even clear what questions need to be asked - let alone answered - in order to provide a foundation for decisions at many levels. Ashok's suggestion to set targets for average or effective bandwidth rather than peak rates helps define the policy question in a certain direction, but there are still a lot of unanswered questions in my mind about what the implications of such an approach would be in terms of cost and feasibility. I think that discussions like this are useful for bridging the gap between technical standards debates (particularly in ITU fora) and more practical considerations such as: what are the actual service features that rural populations experience using this infrastructure, what are the service models through which broadband is reaching or will reach the end user, and how do we abstract the economic and cost principles behind infrastructure deployment that are needed by policymakers to make choices about how to allocate limited resources. As for Michel's objection to my relaying an anecdote from a vendor about product functionality, I purposely did not mention the vendor's name or product line so there could be no question of promoting commercial interests. A lot of people have practical questions about what today's commercial technology can offer LDCs. An informed consumer has the best chance of protecting their own interests! Regards, Rebecca
dear all,
I fully agreed with Hendrik point of view: the most important point is this of users not vendors!! it is not a commercial forum; we are required for helping the LDC !!!
Regards and good week end!
michel lemaitre
Rebecca (re: starting input)
I respectfully disagree with the statements from the vendor re guarantees for end users unless the configuration is a point to point link using one of the WiMAX profiles. In fact I find that this whole debate lacks technical rigour and the conclusions arrived at need to be carefully scrutinised.
Regards Hendrik
I am following the discussions and finding them very interesting. In Brazil we are trying to solve the problem of rural communications in two ways:
a) with 3G technology, by putting an obligation to the operators to cover all the 5 560 brazilian cities that have elected mayor, most of them with less then 30.000 inhabitants;b) with WiFi and WiMax, by giving mayoral lycenses to operate telecommunications services in their region.
Perhaps we manage to implemente both solutions until the end of this year.
Vilmar R. Freitas Anatel - Brazil
(re: starting input)
Dear Colleagues
Yes as with moth things unfortunately there are significant technical limits to the amount of BW that can be offered and they are governed by the air interface and spectrum availability and other factors and off course there is a cost and it is certainly not minimal!
Dear Mr. Magodo,
Thank you for your comments on the reqjuirements for data rate of broadband in rural and remote areas.
Re your points raised, we are discussing minimum data rate needed for e-applications or services in rural areas. If you have experiences with regards to the limitations(technically or legally) of data rate and its cost implications in Zimbabwe or in any other African countries?
Regards. Kawasumi
ColleaguesI have been following the issue of bandwidth requirements for rural areas The questions that come to mind are;1. Are there any technical limitations in providing the maximum available bandwidth? The choice of how much bandwidth is used should be left to the customer¹ applications and needs.2. Is there any additional cost and how much if bandwidth is limited to 256 Kbits/s or 2 Mbits/s? Most of the systems or solutions are modular and I believe if any additional cost is involved it should be minimal. Some of the so called rural areas have a propensity for high bandwidth e.g. to access markets where they an sell their produces; download information on how to improve on their agriculture efficiency and output. I think we should be able to provide adequate bandwidth to meet the customers needs. Regards G. Magodo, POTRAZ
Dear Mr Kawasumi
My gut feeling based on my own experience and working in rural areas is that a target average user data rate of 256 Kbps symmetric if possible is very effective. This is a personal opinion but one close to what some operators aim for (rural Australia with Telstra for instance have indicated this figure).
Regards Hendrik
On 29/3/07 1:00 AM, "KAWASUMI Yasuhiko" wrote:
Dear Rebecca, Ashok and Hendric,What is your observation on the minimum requirements for broadband considering the needs of users for e-applications and services in rural areas. Copper wire, optic fiber and PLC are being deployed for the last mile in the collected case studies.http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/study_groups/SGP_2006-2010/Case_Library/index.htmlRegards. Kawasumi
I agree with Ashok. It is simply not possible for a vendor to make guarantees about user peak data rates as this is a function of the manner in which the access and other parts of the network are operated. At best average date rates can be calculated based on a set of assumptions regarding air interface performance, number of users, location of users, typical RF path conditions etc. As to what that average user figure should be well it depends on the user requirements and ability to pay and both will change over time.
Best regards, Hendrik
Agreed Rebecca. It is possible in today's system to ensure average bit-rate to each user. But there are many issues:
1. Given a certain spectrum, total bit-rate in a cell in a WiMax is determined by several factors, including distance of subscribers form base station and the interference that is present from neighboring cells and sectors. 2. After this the total bit-rate available is divided into users in the cell and sector.3. Therefore average bit-rate available to each user is complex and would depend on deployment conditions.4. What the vendors often specify is the peak rate, rather than this.
We have to be careful with that number. What I have been saying is that while specifying the bit-rate that we want in a village, we should talk about minimum average bit-rate. I would be happy if this is 256 kbps today, though I know we could aim for 1 Mbps in four to five years.
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'"We had a meeting on the first of November," Petrovek said. "That afternoon, we continued the back-and-forth, and I got a call from (Buffalo's Managing Partner Larry Quinn's) chief operating officer, and we began to put the details of the relationship together."'
Pirates, Buffalo Sabres ink deal
June 11, 2008 Submitted by
Via: Lewiston Sun Journal


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Question: What are some of the tools that you can provide us for manifestation?
Theo Answers: "When there is a desire, there is a creation of a thought that is a bridge to that outcome. So when one has a thought or a desire to be manifested, one then creates the thought bridge, meaning those attitudes and perceptions that are positive for that outcome. That places that bridge of thought into the universe for that manifestation to occur. There is a universal energy that is the attraction or creative energy that when one places the thought, or the seed, let us say, as if in one's garden, places a seed, then it creates an environment of gestation that then allows for the growth of that seed to become a flower. So what you are doing with your thought is placing the seed, on the intention, in the fertile soil. The universal energies is the soil in which it is placed ultimately, and the intent and the thought and the positive actions or thoughts is that which is the food to fertilize and feed the seed to bring it to fruition. In turn it is also that which is the attraction, the energy attraction to that positive outcome. Not to negate it with a negative thought, that it could not be so, because that breaks down the bridge to the universal energy that attracts."
Question: Then it is critical to move from the place of questioning our self-worth into a place of self-love, which if I am hearing you correctly, is really at the core of this whole process.
Theo Answers: "Knowing that one is worthy of all that they desire. But then one must be judicious in their desires for surely they will manifest. Be certain it is what you want. So then one becomes discerning of those desires, gains clarity within the self of what one truly wishes. In that certainty and awareness of self and thought process then one lives the life to its highest good, do they not? Then one wastes not their energy on the unimportant but on that which would be the joyfulness and bliss that they seek and desire."


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Width: 48" Depth: 24" Height: 31"
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LNR home
Search LNRs
Maryon Wilson Park and Gilbert's Pit
LNR Type:
Greater London
Natural England
Regional Team:
East of England
Year of Declaration:
Declaring Authority:
London Borough of Greenwich
Area (Ha):
Click here to open the site map (new window).
Once displayed, click on the site to see area and other details.
Grid Reference:
Thorntree Road, Charlton, London SE7 8TT
Owned by:
London Borough of Greenwich
Managed by:
London Borough of Greenwich
SSSI Type:
Biological & Geological
Link to site map:
Click here to open the site map from the MAGIC web site.
How to get there:
Car: Situated on Thornton Road off the main B210 Charlton Park Road.
Train: Charlton Railway Station,
Bus: 380, 53, 422 and 54
Visitor facilities:
The South East London Green Chain Walk runs through the site.
Free public tours are led by the Park Rangers every Wednesday starting at 1.15 pm. In school holdiays it also takes place on Monday and Friday at 1.15pm.
The park has a farm with ducks, geese, chickens, a pig and a deer enclosure.
Picnic areas.
Wheelchair access.
Hard court tennis, basketball court, children's playground for all ages, limited wheelchair access.
What to see:
Part of the former Maryon Wilson family estate, Maryon Wilson Park is a large, hilly wooded site overlooking the Thames. Gilbert's Pit, with its visible strata of chalk and fossil material, has attracted geological interest over a century and offers a unique aspect on 55 million years of geological history.
Maryon Park and Gilbert's Pit have a mix of acid grassland, with abundant mouse-ear hawkweed and a good assemblage of burrowing hymenoptera (bees and wasps), scrub of gorse and broom, and secondary woodland.
Gilbert's Pit is a geological SSSI, with an excellent exposure of the Lower Tertiary Sequence.
Maryon Wilson Park has interesting areas of scrub, woodland and grassland. A small stream and associated areas of wet grassland support a number of locally rare plants, including bristle club-rush and bog stichwort, both very rare in London.
Volunteer and 'Friends of' groups:
The Friends of Maryon Wilson and Maryon Parks self help group works with Greenwich Council's Parks & Open Spaces
Tel : 07599 299934
Contacts for further information and how to get involved:
Royal Borough of Greenwich
Parks and Open Spaces
Tel: 020 8921 6885
Website address and other links:
alternatively try
and search for Maryon Wilson Park Local Nature Reserve
Last updated 24/03/2015
Freedom of information


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Khloe Kardashian: 20 Pounds Less To Love
You may have noticed how jaw-dropping Khloe Kardashian has been looking lately!
Now, she's spilling her secret! Good, old-fashioned exercise!
On Thursday the 25-year-old told Us Weekly, "I try to do just 30 minutes of cardio, mandatory. Obviously if I have more time, I want to do weights, but really that cardio is what works for me because I'm bigger. Cardio is what leans me out, and it still works your muscle definition too. Any kind of cardio."
She encourages her fans to keep up with their routines in order to start seeing results!
"It's hard work, but it's worth it, and once you start seeing results, it keeps you motivated," she says. "Now I actually get excited. I'm like 'I've got to start seeing arm definition soon,' so I go to the gym."
A good exercise routine isn't all that goes into her new bod, she says. "I eat whatever I want until noon. Then from noon on, I watch what I eat. I only drink champagne. 100 calories in a glass, and I'm good."
Congrats, Khloe!
What do you think about Khleo's new body? Share your thoughts below!


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Shut the fuck up bitch I live in SEATTLE asshole you dont know WHAT your talking about your SUCH a deuche bag. Go rack paint with your mom and jack off to your fucking "Mark Eckos Getting Up" or whatever the fuck it is i bet youve never painted in your LIFE. Lmfao.Originally posted by ENIGMA@Sep 4 2006, 03:09 PM
enigma aint original i bet you write t hat cause its mysterios and all writers are enigmas man so youre THE enigma your fucking gay youre gonna kill me? i dont live in hicksville middle of no where and whats the point of screamning yull only disturb your cows and sheep you fucking faggot ass kid


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Ill fight whoever ian dean tells me to fight
Liam Bad Intentions James, pro mma uk featherweight!!
liam displayed octagon control, effective grappling and was the aggressor! would put him ahead in that fight until the deciding moment. im sure he will develope the shoot not to get caught like that again
Liam was doing well, no doubt about it. Showed he wasn't out of his depth despite stepping up to one of the best and most savvy guys in Europe in his first fight at the weight (and remember Pastor missed it too...)
Nice one bro, looking forward to seeing who the next one is!
well done liam best of luck with ya next fight mate
Kris Edwards,www.groundandpound.de/mma/rankings/european-top-ten/bantamgewicht-135lb-61kg/
Simba is a beast like.
3-2-0 Pro Fighter managed by TFL Sports Agency


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A herald will cry out from the sky saying, "Truth lies with the line of Muhammed", and a herald will emerge from the earth, and he will say, "Truth lies with the line of Jesus."
Abbas said, "The voice from the earth comes from satan, and that from the sky comes from Allah." (Ibn Hajar al-Haythami, Al-Qawl al-Mukhtasar fi `Alamat al-Mahdi al-Muntadhar, p. 53)
All kinds of sounds and images will reach the earth through television, radio the internet and through radio waves in the form of electronic waves from the sky. In this way, information will reach people that "Truth lies with the line of Muhammed," in other words, Hazrat Mahdi (as) is from the lineage of our Prophet (saas). Everyone on earth will hear and see these sounds and images.
False and misleading information will be spread by atheist masons working underground and by the atheist secret state, in other words, the committee of the antichrist. They will spread the idea that "Truth lies with the lineage of Jesus." They will maintain that the Prophet Jesus (as) married, had children, and continued his line and that his descendants are living today. The claim of the "Holy Grail" made by atheist masons in the present day is a reflection of this subject. The appearance of this matter in the End Times is another miracle of our Prophet's (saas).
I swear to Allah, in whose power my life is, that the Day of Judgment will not take place until savage animals talk to human beings, until a person's voice and shoes speak to him, and until people tell him what they are doing." (Ash-Sharani, Mukhtasar Tazkirah al-Qurtubi, p. 471)
With the cassette and CD players widely used today it is possible to record a person's voice and listen to it later. The reference to "a person's voice speaking to him" is suggestive of these devices. The expression "until a person's shoes speak to him" puts one in mind of the listening devices that intelligence officers conceal in their footwear. Listening devices installed inside shoe heels and developed by Romanian intelligence during the Cold War were used by Western diplomats.
The reference to "people telling him what they are doing" may indicate how families and friends a long way away establish communications using Internet cameras and video telephones."
"The Day of Judgment will not take place until the handle of a whip, his shoe lace speak to a person, until there is such abundance that a person will find nobody to give alms to, until rivers and streams flow through Arab lands." (Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Musnad, II, p. 498)
The reference to "a person's shoe lace speaking" in the above account indicates the shoe lace serving as an antenna in surveillance systems installed in footwear.
The term "until the handle of a whip speaks to a person" may again be a reference to modern technology's wireless and mobile phones resembling whips. The use of wireless and mobile phones whose antenna are not unlike the tips of whips bears a close similarity to the term "until the handle of a whip speaks to a person."


text: Check this out, NPR radio broadcast about growing numbers of whitey sightings on our blessed east coast. He's primarily talking about locations further north, but you can bet the activity stretches down here as well. I've talked with a lot of friends in NY who say they have seen WAY more sharks than normal this year. No attacks yet, but it's probably just a matter of time...if you feel scared, just stay out of the water and be safe!


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'Sabres coach Lindy Ruff, not one to mince words even at a league event said: "I loved it. On breaks, I made sure to look around and take it all in, there didn't seem to be an empty seat. I thought it was very good for the game. I may be dating myself here, but for most players (outdoors) is where it all started. I thought it was good for the game; it brought us back to our roots. It maybe wasn't the best game (conditions) what with the snow, but the atmosphere was terrific. I'd love to do it again."'
Snow doubt about it
January 1, 2008 Submitted by
Via: CNN/SI


text:
January 1st 2012- Welcome! Let me make a suggestion for the new year. Sit down with a piece of paper and pen, and write yourself a love letter. Then sign it and put it in a envelope and send it to yourself. Romance yourself. All the things you wish another would say about you, say [Read More…]
Light of the World
January 1, 2012 by Leave a Comment


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Duns Scotus
Scottish Franciscan friar, philosopher and Catholic blessed
John Duns Scotus (c. 1266 – 8 November 1308) is generally reckoned to be one of the three most important philosopher-theologians of the High Middle Ages.
- sic: si omnes homines natura scire desiderant, ergo maxime scientiam maxime desiderabunt. Ita arguit Philosophus I huius cap. 2. Et ibidem subdit: "quae sit maxime scientia, illa scilicet quae est circa maxime scibilia". Maxime autem dicuntur scibilia dupliciter: uel quia primo omnium sciuntur sine quibus non possunt alia sciri; uel quia sunt certissima cognoscibilia. Utroque autem modo considerat ista scientia maxime scibilia. Haec igitur est maxime scientia, et per consequens maxime desiderabilis.
- If all men by nature desire to know, then they desire most of all the greatest knowledge of science. So the Philosopher argues in chap. 2 of his first book of the work [Metaphisics]. And he immediately indicates what the greatest science is, namely the science which is about those things that are most knowable. But there are two senses in which things are said to be maximally knowable: either [1] because they are the first of all things known and without them nothing else can be known; or [2] because they are what are known most certainly. In either way, however, this science is about the most knowable. Therefore, this most of all is a science and, consequently, most desirable..."
- Quaestiones subtilissimae de metaphysicam Aristotelis, as translated in: William A. Frank, Allan Bernard Wolter (1995) Duns Scotus, metaphysician. p. 18-19
- loquimur de materia "circa quam" est scientia, quae dicitur a quibusdam subiectum scientiae, uel magis proprie obiectum, sicut et illud circa quod est uirtus dicitur obiectum uirtutis proprie, non subiectum. De isto autem obiecto huius scientiae ostensum est prius quod haec scientia est circa transcendentia; ostensum est autem quod est circa altissimas causas. Quod autem istorum debeat poni proprium eius obiectum, uariae sunt opiniones. Ideo de hoc quaeritur primo utrum proprium subiectum metaphysicae sit ens in quantum ens (sicut posuit Auicenna) uel Deus et Intelligentiae (sicut posuit Commentator Auerroes.)
- We speak of the matter [of this science] in the sense of its being what the science is about. This is called by some the subject of the science, but more properly it should be called its object, just as we say of a virtue that what it is about is its object, not its subject. As for the object of the science in this sense, we have indicated above that this science is about the transcendentals. And it was shown to be about the highest causes. But there are various opinions about which of these ought to be considered its proper object or subject. Therefor, we inquire about the first. Is the proper subject of metaphysics being as being, as Avicenna claims, or God and the Intelligences, as the Commentator, Averroes, assumes.
- Quaestiones subtilissimae de metaphysicam Aristotelis, as translated in: William A. Frank, Allan Bernard Wolter (1995) Duns Scotus, metaphysician. p. 20-21
- I say that some things can be said to belong to the law of nature in two ways: One way is as first practical principles known from their terms or as conclusions necessarily entailed by them. These are said to belong to the natural law in the strictest sense, and there can be no dispensation in their regard... But this is not the case when we speak in general of all the precepts of the second table. For the reasons behind the commands and prohibitions there are not practical principles that are necessary in an unqualified sense, nor are they simply necessary conclusions from such. For they contain no goodness such as is necessarily prescribed for attaining the goodness of the ultimate end, nor in what is forbidden is there such malice as would turn one away necessarily from the last end, for even if the good found in these [precepts] were not commanded, the ultimate end could still be loved and attained, whereas if the evil proscribed by them were not forbidden, it would still be consistent with the acquisition of the ultimate end.
- Scotus (c. 1300), Ordinatio 3.37 as cited in: Peter A. (2004) "Kwasniewski William of Ockham and the Metaphysical Roots of Natural Law" in: The Aquinas Review, 2004
Quotes about Duns ScotusEdit
- There had been implanted along through the ages germs of another growth in human thinking, some of them even as early as the Babylonian period. In the Assyrian inscriptions we find recorded the Chaldeo-Babylonian idea of an evolution of the universe out of the primeval flood or "great deep," and of the animal creation out of the earth and sea. This idea, recast, partially at least, into monotheistic form, passed naturally into the sacred books of the neighbors and pupils of the Chaldeans—the Hebrews; but its growth in Christendom afterward was checked, as we shall hereafter find, by the more powerful influence of other inherited statements which appealed more intelligibly to the mind of the Church...In the minds of Ionians like Anaximander and Anaximenes it was most clearly developed: the first of these conceiving of the visible universe as the result of processes of evolution, and the latter pressing further the same mode of reasoning, and dwelling on agencies in cosmic development recognized in modern science. ...Aristotle sometimes developed it in a manner which reminds us of modern views. ...Lucretius caught much from it extending the evolutionary process virtually to all things. ...Scotus Erigena and Duns Scotus, among the schoolmen, bewildered though they were, had caught some rays of this ancient light, and passed on to their successors, in modified form, doctrines of an evolutionary process in the universe. ...In the latter half of the sixteenth century these evolutionary theories seemed to take more definite form in the mind of Giordano Bruno... but with his murder by the Inquisition at Rome this idea seemed utterly to disappear.


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Trip Advisor listed Duluth's A.G. Thomson House Bed & Breakfast at the top of its 25 Best B&Bs and Inns in the United States this week. It was among two Midwest winners for the 2012 Travelers' Choice award. Fleur-De-Lys Mansion in St. Louis, Mo., another great choice, also made the cut.
|Angie and Tim Allen
|A.G. Thomson House's living room where guests gather.
The Superior Suite in particular ranks among the nicest rooms I've seen while exploring the region's B&Bs. It's more like a private apartment. If you do stay here, be sure to do a walking tour of the historic neighborhoods. Duluth, like Stillwater, Red Wing and Winona, boomed in Victorian times, with millionaires trying to outdo each other with grand, beautiful homes.
|Lake Superior Suite
|A sweet start to breakfast.
An example of how gracious and sharing they are: Angie has posted many of the guests' favorite recipes on their website. It's a nice way to bring a little of the B&B experience home and to relive with each tasty bite.
Check out Duluth's other elegant B&Bs
|Fireplace at Firelight Inn.
The downside to yet another national award for A.G. Thomson House is it might get harder to make a reservation, especially during peak months for weddings and anniversaries. If that's the case, take a look at www.duluthbandb.com. There are six other B&Bs in the city. Like the homes they're in and the owners who run them, each has its own appeal.
|Artsy fruit at Solglimt.
Old-home lovers can appreciate the exquisite woodwork and vibrant colors of the Mathew Burrows B&B. Musicians must sing or play a few high notes in Olcott House's music room with perfect acoustics. Firelight Inn on Oregon Creek boasts a grand three-season front porch and beautiful fireplace alcove. The Cotton Mansion and Ellery House round out the elegant, historic choices.
If you prefer modern to historic or need to be on the beach that stretches along Park Point, Solglimt B&B offers another stellar experience with hands-down the best views of Lake Superior.--Feature & Photos by Lisa Meyers McClintick


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Discover amazing adaptations of some of the world's most unique
animals, including how tails help animals do ordinary to
extraordinary things, from swatting away flies to holding onto
Learn more about polar bears - and what can be done to help
them. The zoo offers twice-daily Arctic activities at 11:30 a.m.
and 1:00 p.m. Resident polar bear Anana will be in for some extra
treats, and staff and volunteers will be giving away free passes to
see To The Arctic 3Dat Navy Pier
IMAX Theater.
Discover a world of hidden treasures with geocaching.
Bring your GPS unit or borrow from us. Volunteers Bill and
Linda Racicot and Dave Wagner will instruct how to use
these devices, then head out to explore.
Includes activities, door prizes, giveaways and vendors
available, all designed to promote a healthy lifestyle to
Artist Ann Toebbe leads a class in which young artists use
paint, paper, glue and other materials to construct their house
from memory.
Cardboard sculptor John Salhus shows how to transform
drawings into cool 3D sculptures.
Pamela Welcome brings the passion and determination of Harriet
Tubman to life. Educational materials about Harriet Tubman, the
Underground Railroad, and the Civil War era will be available in
the lobby before and after the performance.
Explore all 3 levels, 24 classrooms, an artisan gift shop, and
gallery. Experiment in all departments with our free workshops and
demonstrations for any age, including special kids' activities from
noon-4 p.m.
Girls learn how to create fresh and fun 'dos for her doll on
game days. Includes easy-to-follow tips, plus doll hair accessories
to take home. Reservations required.
Michael Flatley brings his Irish Dance show to Chicago at 2 and
7 p.m. March 2.


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|2010: Wasted no time adjusting to the pace of
college running and returns for his sophomore campaign focused and
ready to help his team to a GSAC title...
2009: Claimed the 5th fastest time in school history at the 2009 UC Riverside Cross Country Invitational, posting a time of 25:37 for 8k..."Gilby" also posted 14:38.18 at the Pomona-Pitzer Invitational in the 5k, putting him on the same platform as Anthony Pizzo...This dynamic duo proved TMC had the best 2009 freshman class in the NAIA.<
High School: Set personal bests of 16:02 at the Mt. SAC Relays, a 4:32 for the 1600 meters, and a 2:00 for the 800 meters...was selected to first-team All-Alpha League from 2005-2008...his team won the 2008 Alpha League title...was the 2009 Alpha League 1600 meter champion.
Personal: Parents are Jane and Walt Gilbertson...one older brother named Tom Gilbertson...in high school was on 2008-2009 ASB and a member of the soccer team...college Goals are to become an NAIA All-American during his time at The Master's...chose TMC to be in a community that is on fire for the Lord and to grow spiritually while being challenged mentally and physically...career Goal is to become a medical doctor...favorite Foods include all pastas and pizzas, and meats...favorite TV Shows are "The Office" and "Royal Pains"...favorite movies include "Anchorman" and "Batman: The Dark Knight"...favorite Book is the Bible....favorite hobby is hanging out with his teammates.


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'Desjardins suffered a serious eye injury late in that 1976-77 season. The injury eventually forced Desjardins to retire prematurely. He would play in just 3 games in the 1977-78 season before he hung up his blocker and catching glove.'
Sabre Legends: Gerry Desjardins
February 4, 2005 Submitted by
Via: Sabres.com


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Michele Bachmann slams Supreme Court
The Minnesota Congresswoman released a statement condmening the Supreme Court in their decision to strike down the Defense of Marriage Act:
Washington, D.C. -- Congresswoman Michele Bachmann (MN-06) released the following statement in response to the Supreme Court's decision on the Defense of Marriage Act:
Marriage was created by the hand of God. No man, not even a Supreme Court, can undo what a holy God has instituted.
For thousands of years of recorded human history, no society has defended the legal standard of marriage as anything other than between man and woman. Only since 2000 have we seen a redefinition of this foundational unit of society in various nations.
Today, the U.S. Supreme Court decided to join the trend, despite the clear will of the people's representatives through DOMA.
What the Court has done will undermine the best interest of children and the best interests of the United States.


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Thin white lines are laid against thick stripes of black. This chandelier lighting seems simple, but it's also hip. Invite a burst of style into your home with this chandelier lighting. Just plug this in, hang the cord on included swag hooks and drape the cord to your liking. U.S. Patent # 7,347,593.
Offering hundreds of color and pattern options, Giclee Gallery designs are crafted with high quality canvas. The opaque material directs the light throw up and down for a more focused effect. Giclee Gallery lamp shades are crafted using the same state-of-the-art printers that are used for fine art reproductions. To ensure longevity, each shade is printed with fade-resistant, 100-year archival quality inks. Featuring many patterns from exclusive artistic creations, including some based on hand-painted originals. Custom made to order, and ideal for residential and commercial applications.
Our team has over 100 years combined experience with contemporary lighting.
Every EuroStyleLighting.com order is backed by our 100% Satisfaction Pledge.
Shipping and Delivery Information - For item EUF9542-G9579 if ordered by 1 pm Pacific Time