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ICCO Council Chairman Luis Valverde receives the keys to the new headquarters from Ivorian Vice President Daniel Kablan Duncan, during the inauguration of the ICCO's Abidjan headquarters on 25 April.
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ICCO International Workshop on Cocoa Certification
Edem Amegashie-Duvon
Cocoa Trader, Ghana Cocoa Board / Cocoa Marketing Company
Edem Amegashie-Duvon is a Cocoa Trader with the Ghana Cocoa Board / Cocoa Marketing Company, with many years of experience in both commercial and policy aspects of the cocoa supply chain. He is the current Chairman of the subcommittee of Market Experts of the Alliance of Cocoa Producing Countries and also chaired COPAL's first workshop on Cocoa Certification in Brasilia, Brazil in 2011.
He has represented the government of Ghana for nearly a decade at different international commodity bodies including the ICCO, ICO, COPAL, UNCTAD etc., and has played a key role in the preparation of the ICCO Roundtable on Sustainable Cocoa Economy (RSCE 1 & 2). He is a cocoa quality and technical arbitrator of the FCC, having previously served on the Council and the Rules and Regulations Committee of the Federation for 5 years.
Edem holds a Master of Business degree in International Business from Grenoble Business School in France and also holds Executive Management and Law qualifications from Judge Business School, University of Cambridge and Birkbeck College, University of London respectively.
Dr. Jean-Marc Anga
Executive Director, International Cocoa Organization
A national from Côte d'Ivoire in West Africa, Dr. Jean-Marc Anga has over 20 years' experience in agricultural commodity development, seventeen of which have been acquired in the International Cocoa Organization. In consequence, Dr. Anga has become a world expert on cocoa, a commodity that plays a vital role in the economies of several African countries, particularly for poverty alleviation in rural communities. Over the years, he has developed a substantial knowledge and understanding of African socio-economic affairs coupled with a keen global perspective on sustainable commodity development.
Dr. Anga started his career in his home country in the 1980s, initially working as Project Analyst in the Ministry of Agriculture of Côte d'Ivoire, before rising to become Deputy National Coordinator in the Plant Protection Department. His international career began after completing his postgraduate studies in the United Kingdom when, in February 1996, he was offered the post of Project Officer in the International Cocoa Organization. Promotion to the position of Project Manager followed swiftly, and in 2005, Dr. Anga rose to the post of Director of the Economics and Statistics Division of ICCO.
At its 81st regular session in March 2010, the exporting and importing Members of the International Cocoa Council appointed Dr. Anga to the position of Executive Director a.i. of the International Cocoa Organization, a role which he assumed on 1 October 2010. Following this, at its 86th regular session in September 2012, the Members of the International Cocoa Council unanimously elected Dr. Anga to the position of Executive Director of the International Cocoa Organization, a role which he assumed on 1 October 2012.
Dr. Anga holds a Ph.D. in Agricultural Science from Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of London and a Master of Business Administration (MBA) from Westminster University, in London.
Alex Assanvo
Cocoa Development Manager, Mondelēz International (ex-Kraft foods)
Born in Côte d'Ivoire, and was working at Fairtrade International as the Global Cocoa Manager before joining Kraft Foods, now Mondelēz International. Alex has been involved in several discussions and projects to develop a more sustainable cocoa sector the past 10 years. Before joining Fairtrade, he gained significant experience in the rural development sector in Africa through his work for GTZ (now GIZ) International Services, West Africa, as an International rural development Expert.
He joined the sustainability team within Kraft Foods, now Mondelēz International, as Cocoa program development focus on developing sustainability program in Côte d'Ivoire. Alex also participated on behalf of Mondelēz International in several key industry association task force or committees
Presentation message: Our vision is thriving cocoa communities that support sustainable supply. We believe, in order to achieve this, that we need to support the delivery of a step change in farmer productivity and returns at farm level, combined with community development work to encourage the next generation to become cocoa farmers.
Andrew Brooks
Cocoa CR&S Manager, Côte d'Ivoire, Outspan Ivoire / Olam International
Andrew is the CR&S Manager for Outspan Ivoire, a subsidiary of Olam International Ltd and licensed cocoa and coffee exporter based in Cote d'Ivoire. He manages the cocoa sustainability and certification programs in Cote d'Ivoire with oversight of Olam's cocoa certification programs in West Africa.
He is treasurer and a member of Executive Committee of GEPEX, the Ivorian cocoa and coffee Exporters Association.
Andrew has also served on the boards of the London Cocoa Terminal Association and Cocoa Association of London, prior to the merger with the Federation of Cocoa Commerce.
Andrew has 30 years' experience in cocoa, joining J.H. Rayner Ltd in 1983, and has been with Olam for six years. He graduated with a Combined Honours degree in Business Administration and French from the University of Aston in Birmingham, England.
Alastair Child
Cocoa Sustainability Director, Certification and Community Development, Mars Global Chocolate
Alastair Child is Cocoa Sustainability Director, Certification and Community Development at Mars Global Chocolate.
Child runs a team across sustainability, sourcing, public affairs and communications, to ensure cocoa certification evolves towards mainstream scale across the industry by 2020 and delivers impact on farmers' livelihoods and sustainability of production.
In addition, Child is responsible for Community Development within Mars Sustainable Cocoa Initiative, working to attract the next generation of educated cocoa farmers through education, protective environments for children and raising the overall quality of life in cocoa growing areas.
Jaime Freire
Advisor, Ministry of Agriculture, Ecuador / Advisor, Ecuadorian Coordinating Association of Fine Cocoa Producers (ACEPROCACAO)
With 20 years experience working in local development projects related to Smallholders Cocoa Producers' Cooperatives and Organizations, Mr. Freire has worked with iconic institutions and Ecuador's most important projects of the last 20 years.
He is a Permanent Member of the National Fine Cocoa Technical Committee and Permanent Member of the Chocolate Academy of Ecuador, and has been Keynote Speaker at various international events in Ecuador and other countries, including Chocolatino, Chocofest, Success Alliance Conference.
His professional life has developed in Maquita Cushunchic Comercializando Como Hermanos (MCCH), SNV, GTZ, PRODERUES (Proyecto de Desarollo Rural Provincia de Esmeraldas), Agricultural Ministry & UE, Alliance Success Program (ACDI / VOCA - USDA), author and consultant "National Fine Cocoa Reactivation Program" (Ecuador Agriculture Ministry); author of several Cocoa Marketing Manuals (GIZ - CAMAREN) and Technical Crop Development Manual (PAPÁCACAO - Nestlé) and he regularly publishes articles in various magazines and publications in Ecuador.
Since January 2010, he has been with the Fine National Cocoa Producers Organization and has thrived and driven the creation and development of the "Fine National Cocoa Law" and the formation of the National Cocoa Producer's Association ACEPROCACAO (Asociación Coordinadora Ecuatoriana de Productores de Cacao Nacional Fino de Aroma).
Juan (Jaime) Gomez
The National Confederation of Dominican Cocoa Farmers (CONACADO)
The National Confederation of Dominican Cocoa Farmers (CONACADO) is a farmer-owned NGO with more than 9,500 members organized into seven processing centres (formerly bloques, now Regional Branches) and 160 farmer associations (covering 42,000 hectares), with about one quarter of the country's 45,000 cocoa producers. They sell 25% of cocoa produced in the DR, of which 40% is Fairtrade, Rainforest Alliance, UTZ, Biosuisse, and mostly organic.
Juan Gomez is a co-founder of CONACADO. He is an expert in cocoa processing and association development, with over 29 years of experience working in the cocoa industry in the Dominican Republic, Central and South America. He designed cocoa-processing equipment, established improved breeds of cocoa for export, and founded over 30 cocoa-producer associations with more than 1,200 members, including three CONACADO system cooperatives. Juan played a critical role in developing the organic market for cocoa produced in Dominican Republic. In addition, he worked for more than 12 years for the Dominican Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Cocoa, coordinating a genetic improvement project for national seed banks. Juan owns a cocoa farm where he has developed sixteen unique cocoa genetic types (clones).
In 2010, Juan became a member of an international management team which is developing a Cocoa Cooperative development project in Peru, Ecuador, and the Dominican Republic, supported by USAID.
He holds a Master of Science Degree in Environmental Science from the University of Granada, Spain. He has a Bachelor Degree in Biochemistry from the Autonomous University of Santo Domingo and a Bachelor Degree in Agronomy from the Agricultural College of San Ignacio de Loyola in the Dominican Republic.
Ulrich Heilberg
Certification Capacity Enhancement (CCE) Coordinator
Ulrich Helberg, father of two children, holds a BSc in International Agricultural Development and an MSc in Environmental Protection, both from University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany. He has worked in development cooperation projects in Zambia, Tanzania, Mali and Ghana for over nine years and, as a freelance consultant, in about 30 countries worldwide for over 15 years. He is dedicated to the development of sustainable agricultural value chains, linking producers with markets. His focus has been on tree crops, such as cocoa, coffee and tea as well as on medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs).
From 2010 until February 2013 Ulrich worked as GIZ project manager of the Development Partnership Certification Capacity Enhancement (CCE), which focuses on the development and rollout of training materials for sustainable cocoa production. CCE is implemented in Ghana, Côte d'Ivoire and Nigeria. Since March 2013 Ulrich has been working again as a freelance consultant, while continuing with CCE as its coordinator.
Michiel Hendriksz
Sustainability and Rural Development Expert, ADM Cocoa
Michiel Hendriksz currently serves as Director of Sustainability. He is an officer of the World Cocoa Foundation's Executive Committee, Steering Committee member of WCF/BMGF's Cocoa Livelihoods Program and African Cocoa Initiative (ACI). He currently also serves as vice-chairman of the Joint Committee on Sustainability of the European Cocoa Association, Federation of Cocoa Commerce, Caobisco and WCF, and as (private sector) consultative board member at ICCO and Advisory Panel member of the UNFSS (UN Forum for Sustainability Standards).
Mr. Hendriksz has fulfilled several commercial roles such as the Head for Cocoa Trading & Sourcing West-Africa. In his current role, he develops and manages cocoa sustainability programmes at origin and relationships covering all major multinationals, regional and local companies in the cocoa and confectionery industry.
Mr. Hendriksz has a B.Sc. in Tropical Agronomy and International Trade (Netherlands) and an M.Sc. (Agri-Business) at Cranfield University (England). He is fluent in Dutch, German, Spanish, French, Italian and English.
Mr. Hendriksz has worked in cocoa, coffee, and rubber projects in Indonesia as early as 1985 and has built subsequently an extensive experience in rural development in West Africa.
Mr. Hendriksz is engaged in high social impact projects on gender and women's empowerment, education & vocational training, finance & bankability and the use of mobile ICT solutions in rural areas. The main focus of his work is on the majority of independent but not yet organized farmers in West Africa and Indonesia.
Friedel Hütz-Adams
Researcher, Südwind Institute
Friedel Hütz‐Adams has been working as a researcher at SÜDWIND Institute since 1993.
He has published various studies on different aspects of the value chain of cocoa, and has organized multi‐stakeholder conferences on cocoa in April 2011 and June 2012 (in collaboration with GIZ) to discuss how to get all German stakeholders in the cocoa and chocolate business involved in the challenge to improve the sustainability of cocoa production.
He is a founding member of VOICE, a network of European NGOs working on cocoa, and a member of the Steering Committee of the German Initiative on Sustainable Cocoa, a roundtable of more than 70 companies, NGOs, unions, research institutions and standard-setting bodies.
Verina Ingram
Sustainable Markets and Trade, Wageningen UR, Agricultural Economics Institute (LEI)
Verina Ingram is social scientist focusing on the interactions between people and natural resources with 20 years of working experience. She currently focuses on tropical areas and commodities such as timber, cocoa, coffee, cotton and forest products, looking at the impacts on sustainability and livelihoods and how improvements can be made through governance, regulation, collective and market actions such as corporate social responsibility. She is finalizing her PhD on the impacts of governance arrangements on the sustainability of forest value chains in the Congo Basin.
Prior to joining the Agricultural Economics Institute (LEI) of Wageningen UR in 2011, she was Livelihoods team coordinator with the Centre for International Forest Research, Central Africa, with SNV building capacities for sustainable natural resource use and agriculture in Cameroon, and with Royal Haskoning with business, communities, governments and NGOs in Africa, Europe and Asia on international, multi-disciplinary projects.
Edmond Konan
A graduate of the Paris Graduate School of Business, Edmond has a Ph.D in Political Science, four Certificates from Harvard University and a certificate from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in sustainability as part of his Continuing Education Programs.
He has extensive experience in cocoa Certification and is a pioneer of cocoa certification in West Africa.
He has conducted the study on cocoa certification in Côte d'Ivoire on behalf of the Comité de gestion café/cacao under the umbrella of the Minister of Agriculture.
He is the CEO of a Global business consulting company and vice president of a Global business Group based in the United States.
David Guba Kpelle
Programme Director, Africa Cocoa Coalition
David Guba Kpelle is the Programme Director for Africa Cocoa Coalition, a group of NGOs and Farmer Organizations actively advocating for sustainable cocoa production, farmers' welfare and equitable returns for actors within the cocoa value chain in Africa.
He is a conservation biologist with working experience in sustainable agroforestry and biodiversity conservation in forest ecosystems. He has worked with the FAO, Ghana Forestry Commission and Conservation International. From 2005 to 2008, he was the Program Manager in charge of the World Wide Fund for Nature West Africa Program Office (WWF-WARPO). Since 2007, David Kpelle has been actively involved with multi-stakeholder initiatives on sustainable cocoa production at national and international levels, particularly with ICCO and WCF.
Under his leadership, ACC, in collaboration with Ghana's Cocoa Board (COCOBOD), Oxfam-Novib and Tropical Commodities Coalition (TCC-Netherlands), organized the first National Roundtable on Sustainable Cocoa Economy (NRSCE) in Ghana in 2010.
Other activities of ACC include the strengthening of cocoa farmers' organizations and advocating for farmers' welfare and gender equity and women's empowerment in the cocoa sector.
Karin Kreider
Executive Director, ISEAL Alliance
A leading expert on credible standards, Karin Kreider has worked in large-scale partnerships with producer groups, multinational companies, governmental and intergovernmental agencies, and with international and local NGOs.
As ISEAL's Scaling Up Director from 2009-2012, she led ISEAL's strategy to increase the impact and uptake of sustainability standards globally. She currently manages the flagship ISEAL-SECO project to improve public procurement practices around the world and support emerging economy leaders in Brazil, India and China to achieve sustainability goals in their countries through the use of high quality standards.
Prior to joining ISEAL in 2009, Karin was a member of the senior leadership team at Rainforest Alliance, including roles as Deputy Director and later based in its Costa Rica office as Director of the Rainforest Alliance Sustainable Agriculture Programme and the Sustainable Agriculture Network.
She holds a BFA and an MBA, both from New York University. She is based in ISEAL's London office.
Daudi Lelijveld
Vice President, Sustainability, Barry Callebaut Global Sourcing & Cocoa / Managing Director Biolands
Daudi Lelijveld (1959) was appointed Vice President Sustainability for Barry Callebaut Global Sourcing & Cocoa and Managing Director of Biolands in December 2012.
Prior to joining Barry Callebaut Daudi had a career with Cargill for 19 years in various roles in the commodities sectors, including commodity broking in his early years, and seven years with Cargill Sugar as their asset portfolio manager. This resulted in the buildup of 13 joint venture partnerships across four continents, where Daudi served on the board as Cargill's representative and in some cases as the project manager for the building of some of the joint venture assets, namely a one-million tonne $100 million sugar refinery in Homs, Syria and another in Kakinada, India.
It was during his tenure in sugar that Daudi served as the Chairman for what was then BSI (Better Sugar Initiative) - now Bonsucro, and it was during this period that Daudi helped navigate and drive the multi-stakeholder round table through delivering the first fully metric certified cane sugars.
Daudi also has extensive Africa experience including 10 years working on the continent, initially as a well-side geologist and then later running a fleet of 60 trucks for a logistics company servicing the landlocked country of Malawi from ports as far afield as Dar-es-Salaam and Durban.
Daudi Lelijveld holds a Joint Honours Bachelor of Science Degree in Biology and Geology from the UK and he also undertook Masters Studies in Finance at the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
Rüdiger Meyer
CEO of FLO-CERT GmbH
Rüdiger Meyer established FLO-CERT 2003 as the pioneering international certification scheme for Fairtrade. Within three years, FLO-CERT has grown to be one of the world's leading social certification bodies, operating in more than 70 countries around the globe, certifying a retail value of approx. US$2 billion. FLO-CERT is rapidly expanding, working now with over 20 different product lines covering both food and non-food products.
Previously, Rüdiger ran his own consultant agency for more than six years, focusing on international projects connecting business, ethics and development. He also brings senior management experience in Fairtrade supply chain management and product development.
Rüdiger studied Business, Law and Organizational Development in Germany, Switzerland and Brazil and holds a master's degree in Sociology from the University of Bielefeld.
Since 2012 Rüdiger is also a member of ISEAL's Board of Directors.
Ray Major
Senior Manager, Sustainability Initiatives, The Hershey Company
Ray Major is responsible for meeting Hershey's global requirements for certified cocoa and managing their sustainability initiatives in producer countries. He also manages Hershey's crop forecasting program in Ghana and Côte d'Ivoire.
Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Ray has a degree in Biological Sciences from Drexel University and began his career in the chocolate industry in 1977. Since then he has worked for several major manufacturers and has been fortunate to make chocolate on five continents. He joined The Hershey Company in 1997, where he has held various technical positions in support of chocolate manufacture. Most recently he was in charge of cocoa sourcing and product development for Hershey's Artisan Confections, where he traveled extensively in producing countries and managed cocoa programs to improve quality and productivity. Before that he lived in Brazil, where he managed Hershey's manufacturing operations.
Christian Mensah
Manager West Africa, Sustainable Landscapes, Rainforest Alliance
Christian Mensah holds a Master of Science in Agricultural Sciences, Food Security and Natural Resource Management in the Tropics and Sub-Tropics from the University of Hohenheim in Germany. During his studies in Germany, Christian enrolled and passed a distance education course in computerized small business management from Education Direct, USA.
He is also a graduate from the University of Cape Coast with a Bachelor of Science in Agriculture.
He worked as an agricultural officer at the Ministry of Food and Agriculture in Ghana to train agricultural extension agents for the sector in the country.
He has been representing Rainforest Alliance in Agro Eco-Louis Bolk Institute since 2008 when he joined the institute.
Jonas Mva Mva
Senior Cocoa Program Manager, IDH
Born under a cocoa tree in 1956 in Cameroon, Mr. Mva Mva achieved an MBA in Law and Economics from the University of Yaoundé, Cameroon.
He took Many training courses in Europe and the US and has expertise in Adult Training, project development / implementation / evaluation and programme management.
He was Project Manager and Acting Country Representative with Catholic Relief Services for 12 years, working on rural development projects in Central Africa (Chad, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Central African Republic)
He has also been Country Director of INADES Formation in Cameroon, focussed on adult education, agricultural training and rural development over a two-year period
He opened a national development NGO called ODECO (Organisme de Developpment d'Etude de formation et de Conseil) in Cameroon and served as Program Manager for 10 years.
He was Country Representative for STCP (Sustainable Tree Crops Program) in Cameroon for 10 years. The Program was set up by the cocoa industry and the WCF to improve cocoa farmers GAP (good agricultural practices) and livelihoods.
Michael Ndoping
General Manager of the National Cocoa and Coffee Board of Cameroon
Michael Ndoping, General Manager of the National Cocoa and Coffee Board of Cameroon, is holder of two Bachelor degrees, in Law and Accountancy.
He has served in various senior administrative positions within the Public Administration of Cameroon, essentially with the Ministry of Finance and the Presidency of the Republic of Cameroon, before his appointment in 2006 to the position of head of National Cocoa and Coffee Board.
He has led the Cameroon Delegation to various international meetings on cocoa and coffee, and is currently Vice Chairman of the International Cocoa Council.
Dr. Juliane Reinecke
Associate Professor of Organizational Behaviour at Warwick Business School
Dr. Juliane Reinecke is Associate Professor of Organizational Behaviour at Warwick Business School and part of the Industrial Relations Research Unit at the University of Warwick, UK. She received her Ph.D from the Judge Business School, University of Cambridge.
Her research interests include social and environmental standards, transnational governance and social movements, focusing on how organizational and political processes shape notions of value, fairness, sustainability and responsibility in markets.
Juliane is a member of the editorial board of Organization Studies and her work has been published in Human Resource Management, Organization Studies, Organization, and Ecological Economics.
She currently holds an Early Career Research Fellowship funded by the Independent Social Research Foundation (ISRF) and her research project explores how governmental actors, civil society and industry actors work together to produce transnational governance addressing human rights issues in conflict zones, with a particular focus on the case of conflict minerals.
Jack Steijn
Chair of CEN Committee 415 on sustainable and traceable cocoa
Currently the Director/Owner of Maverix, based in the Amsterdam area of the Netherlands, where he serves as a consultant to businesses, public authorities and other organisations, as well as facilitator to groups or to group processes by preparing, chairing or supporting (temporary or permanent) organisations, conferences, committees, panels, debates, events etc. The first set of activities focus on sustainable cocoa and on coffee. Other fields of expertise include port policy, (European) transport policy, synchro - and co-modality, logistics and infrastructure policy.
He is also Chair of CEN Committee 415 on sustainable and traceable cocoa, which is developing a CEN and ISO standard for sustainable and traceable cocoa in cooperation between cocoa producers and cocoa consumers.
At the same time, he is Secretary General of the European Warehousekeepers Federation, the Federation of European associations of soft commodity warehousekeepers.
He has been Director of Ondernemersvereniging ORAM, Regional Business Association, Industry Federation for Amsterdam Seaports, Platform for Creative Industry, and Industry Knowledge Centre for environmental, labour and external risks.
Jack has also been a Member of Amsterdamse Raad voor de Stadsontwikkeling, and participated in the debate on spatial planning in Amsterdam and contributed to the position of the Amsterdamse Raad on spatial planning issues.
As a Transport and Infrastructure specialist, he was involved with non-profit industry group VNO-NCW and prepared and executed VNO-NCW policy in the field of transport and infrastructure. As Director, International relations of the Amsterdam Chamber of Commerce, he was responsible for international trade policy and contributed to the international positioning of the Amsterdam region.
Oliver von Hagen
Market Analyst, International Trade Centre (UN/WTO)
Mr Oliver von Hagen is Market Analyst at the International Trade Centre (UN/WTO) in Geneva, Switzerland. His work focusses on export promotion, export strategy development, sustainable supply chains, sustainability standards and their impacts on international trade.
Oliver holds a Master in Business Administration and Communication from the Free University of Berlin and received additional education from INSEAD Business School and Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University.
He has published numerous academic, peer reviewed papers in reputable journals and a wide range of practitioner-oriented articles.
Christopher Wunderlich
UNFSS Coordinator
Mr. Wunderlich is coordinator of the Sustainable Commodity Initiative (SCI), a program of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and the International Institute for Sustainable Development. The SCI promotes the development of sustainable production and trade by focusing on market-based sustainable standards programs and promoting partnerships to increase knowledge on impacts of sustainability approach, and the coordinated delivery of support services (financial, technical assistance, market information etc.). Mr. Wunderlich focuses mainly on the SCI's Sustainable Commodity Assistance Network, a global platform for technical assistance in sustainable agriculture. As well, he is the co-coordinator of the recently established UN Nations Forum on Sustainability Standards (UNFSS), guided by five UN bodies to provide an information and decision making dialogue platform for key decision makers in developing countries.
Mr. Wunderlich has worked for over 18 years in sustainable development, first as the director of a grassroots, environmental education program in Guatemala (5 years); then as the network coordinator of the Sustainable Agriculture Network for the Rainforest Alliance, and more recently as economic analyst for UNCTAD. He has done numerous independent consultant activities focusing on market-based approaches to sustainability. In that capacity he helped introduce the FairTrade label into Spain and has conducted many consulting projects; including for the World Bank--risk assessment and sustainability strategies, Technoserve, several certification programs and strategic support on sustainability to several industry groups.
Mr. Wunderlich has a Masters in Environmental Sciences with a focus on international development technologies. He is based in Barcelona, Spain.
Britta Wyss Bisang
Standards Director, Utz Certified
Britta is UTZ Certified's Standards Director, responsible for the development of the UTZ standards, the certification management as well as the monitoring and evaluation of the program. She is a member of the UTZ Executive Team and the ISEAL Board of Directors.
Britta holds a Masters Degree in environmental sciences with a focus on soil science and risk management and has in-depth experience in various sustainability standard systems, having previously worked for a certification body as department head, auditor, certification officer and trainer for internal management systems for group certification.
She is an expert in including social, environmental and economic criteria in sustainable value chain approaches and is particularly interested in how to make these work for all types of farming communities and the mainstream market.
The Quarterly Bulletin of Cocoa Statistics provides reliable data and up-to-date analysis from 1960 onwards, covering most cocoa producing and importing countries.
It is published in February, May, August and November
The greatly expanded World Cocoa Directory 2015/16 includes the contact details of over 4,100 companies and organizations within the global cocoa and chocolate sector, completely updated and indexed, and now available as well in an online edition.


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Props To Grape Street Crips
Keep up with underground hip hop worldwide. Updates daily
you guys are toys. not in skill, but you're all just fucking retarded. the idea of gang graff is not to be an artist... they could care less how shitty their shit looks and to be honest, we live in a world where it SHOULD be "i do me, you do you"... but people are on that "gang graffiti, it's so toy, i should cross it... is anybody around?" fuck that... people think that cuz their graffiti is whack that theyre a bunch of a pie ass teenagers.
lol, wouldnt you think if u were gonna get MS tattood on your forehead you would atleast make sure it looks good? some people.....
lol ^
ohznehm ewnoh
No gang graffiti in the land of Kangaroos
Keep up with underground hip hop worldwide. Updates daily
Gangs are wack and are dependent on always packing heat and having more numbers than you. Gang Graff is even more wack.
Regardless of what I post I don't condone any illegal graffiti, although I stayed at a holiday inn once.
gang graffiti isnt supposed to be pretty,i think somebody already said that haha.its supposed to be up so they can get their hood out there and to mark their territory so to speak.its not going to be pretty because most of the people doing it arent spending allday practicign their hands and shit.no their out selling drugs and breaking into shit.plus tagging is shit mostly the smaller homies do to get props and whatnot.you dont see too many older heads tagging.some do periodically but for the most part thats for people who just got down and are still young.
jus saying yo.
its probably not a good idea to hit over gang shit.you dont want to go and diss some *****ss who are real down cats cuz they might come after you.gangs and graffiti are two different worlds and its usually best not to cross over into that world by disrespecting some hit ups unless,i mean if your in a gang and yall got beef then its whatever,but if your just a writer dont do it unless you want to get rolled on.plus it puts alot of heat on other writers in general.
my .02
Keep up with underground hip hop worldwide. Updates daily
Honestly any street gang in Australia is a fucking joke. A real gang here is like a bike gang. Other then that I aint gonna be scared over 50 teenagers claiming to be thugs.
were do you live and what gang is it ever writer knows its danger to do somthing in a gang hood they dont like it they take it as dissing there hood ive herd alot of cases were a gang member blew of a writers head off from behind without saying a word to him
I don't have that problem where I'm from. There's barely any gang graffiti around here,and when there is, it's done by 12 year old kids who wanna feel tough.
I sever heads, just to sharpen my skills

subset: commoncrawl


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Someone forgot to tell him, where he could find happiness.
He drew his feelings to someone he thought loved him back, But she had found someone who had what she lacked. He drew back ,hurt and walked away, His anger grew stronger every single day.
She had found love while he had found rejection, He was not near her lover's perfection. He lost his mind, he lost his way! She gave him life to become her beloved's prey.
He ached and howled in such a bad state, He had been selfish, she used to say. He wasn't being selfish, he was trying for her life, The one thing he wants to protect ,and she's put on such a strife.
So he ran away trying to evade the situation But she came back with some sort of frustration; Her lover had left her and she was in grief, And my beloved Jacob became her handkerchief.
Masochism took him over, All this pain made him rover. He took his chances, tried it all out, But she blew him out without doubt.
Once again rejection took it's place, My dear Jacob suffered his disgrace. She loved a monster, and he was a not She walked away, left him, forgot.
And now that he was better, she came along, She made everything feel so wrong. Once again masochism took him over, And his mind began to rover.
Betraying his own clan to save her from death, Trying not to leave Edward without breath. He stood by her side, like a great loser would, Standing in-between something that he never understood.
Now you tell me, doesn't he deserve a happy ending ? He's hurt, alone and pending. My dear Jacob, why aren't you by my side? You surely are my right type of guy. THIS IS ONLY 4 TEAM JACOB PEOPLE


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Gabaldon, Diana. Outlander
This year marks the 20th anniversary of Outlander, a legendary book that really has it all: time travel, romance, history, adventure and infinitely more. The story opens on Claire Randall, a strong-minded and independent nurse who is vacationing with her husband, Frank, in the Scottish Highlands after being separated for years by WWII. While investigating an interesting flower growing near a Stonehenge-type structure (botany being one of her many talents), she stumbles into a crack between two stones and is transported to 1743, landing smack in the middle of a battle between the English and Scottish clansmen. Claire, at first a captive of the Clan MacKenzie, proves herself invaluable because of her skill with "healing" and becomes quite comfortable in her new situation, despite being a suspected English spy. A romance soon blossoms between Claire and the mysterious outlaw, Jamie, and she finds herself being held to that time and place even more, despite her complete foreignness, the constant danger and her husband still living in 1945.
The plot is full of twists and turns, clan politics, witchcraft, battles, close escapes and a certain villainous English Captain who strangley resembles her husband back home. Although not a slim book (over 800 pages), you will be glued to every page. A great vacation read for historical fiction, romance and adventure fans. Find out what all the buzz is about and why Outlander is still such a sensation after twenty years.


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Home » Stable Supplies » Stable Accessories » Himalayan Rock Salt - Natural Granulated
Himalayan Rock Salt - Natural Granulated
Code: HRS022
Only $4.89
Quantity in Basket: None
Purest form of salt, full of minerals!100% all-natural, salt licks are a great source of iron, potassium, and magnesium, which are all vital intake for maintaining your horse's health. This nutritious product is also a great way for your horse to relieve boredom.
These salt blocks are mined from ancient deposits in the Himalayan Mountains and contain 200 million years of accumulated energy. The distinctive rose pink color comes from the salt's high mineral content. Salt licks are literally "rock hard," which means that horses are unable to bite chunks off the block. These licks are also weather-resistant and can be safely left outside in the field. They will not dissolve in the rain.
Put this natural granulated rock salt in a dish in your horse's stall, turnout shed, or pasture.
Weighs 2.2 pounds.
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text:
Fukin Charlie Brown......good grief
Fukin Charlie Brown......good grief
Earthworm Jim and Beaker from the muppets..
and the Neematoads..

... Must not sleep...
... Must warn others...
Earthworm Jim was a dope show!! :lol:
WORD IS BOND
fooly cooly best show for characters
fuck yeah FLCL owns. but i gotta say BLOOM COUNTY!!
no one gives that comic any respect
HONE .::. VIEW .::. NET .::. Original EPR Crew
Opus was the shit!
Fight And Win Klique/Word Trafficking Nightly/ThrillSeekers
bugs bunny, marvi the martian,elmer fudge, daffy duck
Matt Groening knows whats up!
great animator could use some can control tips tho^
I think the simpsons is quite the influence
spongebob squarepants :lol:
Damn earthworm jim was legit and viewtiful joe has some pretty sick animation too.
suck a cock.
Fuck anime
soo unoriginal
every anime character looks exactly the same
hell yess.Originally posted by ion-i@Jan 26 2006, 11:31 AM
boondocks own!
hell yess.Originally posted by T R E O+Jan 28 2006, 09:29 PM-->

QUOTE (T R E O @ Jan 28 2006, 09:29 PM)


text:
Nuptial Furnishings in the Italian Renaissance Paintings of Love and Marriage in the Italian Renaissance
Art and Love in Renaissance Italy European Paintings in The Metropolitan Museum of Art by Artists Born before 1865: A Summary Catalogue The Renaissance Portrait: From Donatello to Bellini The Robert Lehman Collection. Vol. 1, Italian Paintings
The Metropolitan Museum of Art Guide provides a comprehensive view of art history spanning five millennia and the entire globe.
Experience the best of human creativity from every corner of the globe at The Met.
Explore highlights of the collection through a variety of tours.
The easiest way to see what's happening at The Met every day—wherever you are.


text:
Relational Repair
Casa Pacifica Centers for Children and Families
Tuesday, July 8, 2014; ends at 4:00 PM (PDT)
Who's Going
San Francisco, California
London, United Kingdom
Florence, Italy
Event Details
This course introduces a child and youth care model for supporting individuals who have experienced relational stress, trauma, or disrupted relationships. Shifting from common deficit or strictly behavioral models, this course incorporates brain science to inform straightforward, yet thoughtful ways of reimbursing young people for the broken or missing experiences in their lives.
Participant learning outcomes
On completion of this course successful participants will be able to:
- Describe the significance and process of relational repair
- Assess and respond to basic brain states that drive behavior
- Apply strategies to reimburse young people in elements of their lives that have been broken or are missing
- Integrate short term, momentary management concepts when supporting individuals who are escalated or under stress
Hours are 9:00 - 4:00 (lunch on your own), Sign in begins at 8:30 am
Please note: This course requires a minimum of 6 participant
Provider approved by the California Board of Registered Nursing, Provider # CEP 15108, for 6 Contact hours.
This course meets the qualifications for 6 hours of continuing education credit for Licensed Marriage and Family Therapists (MFTs), Licensed Clinical Social Workers (LCSWs), Licensed Education Psychologists (LEPs), and Licensed Professional Clinical Counselors (LPCCs) as required by the California Board of Behavioral Sciences (Casa Pacifica Centers for Children and Families; Provider 2522).
Provider approved by the California Association for Alcohol and Drug Educators, Provider #; CP10 914 C 1113 for 6 Contact hours.
This course meets the qualifications for hours of continuing education credit for Child and Youth Care Professionals (CYC-P) as required by the Child and Youth Care Certification Board. Content domain: Relationship and Communication (6hrs)
Accessibility Requests
If you require assistance due to disability or other special needs, please let us know in advance so that reasonable accommodations may be made.
When & Where
Casa Pacifica
975 Flynn Rd
Tuesday, July 8, 2014; ends at 4:00 PM (PDT)
Add to my calendar
Casa Pacifica Centers for Children and Families
Casa Pacifica Centers for Children and Families is one of the largest providers of mental health services for children and families on California's central coast. We serve over 430 families daily, many of whom have faced abuse and neglect, severe emotional disturbances, mental health challenges, multiple out-of-home placements, and a variety of other challenges.
Our campus and community services include: Emergency Shelter, Residential Treatment, Non-Public School, Parent-Child Interaction Therapy, Health Services Clinic, Therapeutic Behavioral Services/Intensive Behavioral Services, Wraparound, and Emergency Crisis Response.
Visit www.casapacifica.org for more information.


text:
Lindsey Wilson College welcomes international students, but can
accept only a limited number each school year. Only those students
who demonstrate a high level of English proficiency and a desire
for an education will be considered for admissions. International
applicants must adhere to the following:
An acceptable level of English proficiency is required of all
international students. One of the following methods may be used to
demonstrate English proficiency:
International students must submit an affidavit of financial
support from a bank or employer reflecting available funds for
college expenses or other proof that financial obligations will be
International students and students who have been out of
high school one year or more may have the ACT or SAT
requirement waived. Students without ACT or SAT scores may be
required to take a series of placement tests on campus.


text:
study aims to provide a greater awareness and contribute to a greater
awareness of society about the possibilities offered by ICTs for
persons with visual, hearing and mobility disabilities, to improve
their welfare and employment opportunities.It
delves into the facilities and difficulties to access and use three
types of specific technologies: the mobile phone, Internet
(including social networking and e-government) and the computer.The
core of the study is based on the exploitation of EPDFVE Survey 2013,
for persons with visual, hearing and mobility disabilities between 18
and 64 years
old living
in Spain, designed specifically to know, from experience and
perception of disabled people themselves, how they can access and use
the various technologies listed. Also, we want to know what aspects
of ICT are more useful to enhance their
daily life, what are the limitations that these groups have
take advantage of its benefits and what demands and proposals make us
to improve their access and use thereof.The
analysis of data from the 2013 Survey EPDFVE allows to answer various
questions raised with regard to people with disabilities and the role
of ICT in their daily lives.Here
is available for download, in PDF, a summary of the report with main
full report (188 pages) must be requested by sending an email to
the social and labor situation and the profile of people with
disabilities in nine Latin American countries in order to find out
whether ITC
training and teleworking are an alternative for their labor
quantitative information on ITC
training and working conditions of disabled people. Provide an
estimation of the number of potential teleworkers with disabilities.
qualitative information through observation and refer to actual
teleworking cases involving people with disabilities in order to
identify the use of ITC
applicable to this kind of activity and detect how legislation and
norms are applied in each country focusing the labor inclusion of
people with disabilities.
concepts, advances and results related to this research, and propose
recommendations in accordance with the analysis of the specific aims
one and two in relation to the different players: people with
disabilities, trainers, contracting parties, OSC
and governments.
order to find out whether in the Latin American countries included in
this research exisist cultural, social, political and technological
conditions to implement telework activities for the disabled, the
research will look for responses to the questions detailed below.
countries involved are in the following list:
different approaches will be used in the research: a macro social or
quantitative one and a micro social or qualitative.
macro-social approach will allow us to provide support to the
theoretical premises of a somewhat general nature to portray the
quantitative aspects of the research related to the specific aim
number one.
micro-social approach, on the other hand, will highlight the relative
nature of its conclusions, because the interpretation of experiences,
opinions and their meanings is essential, as they only are meaningful
within certain and limited situations, referring to specific cases
which will allow us to evidence the qualitative aspects.
division will facilitate information analysis and will also allow us
to synchronize both perspectives. If we just consider only one of
these approaches, this might lead us to a fragmented view, because
both approaches constitute an indivisible reality.
data compilation will be carried out through computer software to be
determined by the team, having the Atlas TI features.
phone applications unveiled this week aim to reduce the high number
of young people who are not in schools in the Philippines by offering
them new ways to engage in education.The apps, which were
presented this week at the Mobile World Congress (24-27 February) in
Barcelona, Spain, include a portal to help those outside education
find courses near them, an app to teach English to out-of-school
teenagers through phone calls and another app to help teachers track
the progress of students taking such courses.In 2011, more
than six million young people were outside the education system in
the Philippines, according to the countrys National Statistics
Office. The nations Department of Education aims to provide
education to at least one million of them in 2014.The
government is confident it will meet this target partly through the
use of mobile technology, Stephanie Velasco-Orlino, education
programme manager at Filipino mobile operator Smart Communications,
tells SciDev.Net.Mobile
phones are widely used in the Philippines, with the population
reported to send around two billion text messages a day, according to
the Philippines
Telecoms, Mobile, Broadband and Forecasts
report published in June 2013 by telecommunications consultancy
BuddeComm.Overall, Asias mEducation market is projected to
reach a value of US$6.8 billion by 2017, according to the GSMA, an
association that represents mobile operators worldwide.
three mobile applications unveiled this week are the result of a
GSMA-facilitated partnership between the Philippines Department of
Education and three telecommunications firms: Globe Telecom, Digital
Mobile Philippines and Smart Communications.The
mobile network operators in the country
are working to provide
mobile education services to help the government to reach their goal
faster, says Velasco-Orlino.
company has just launched an online portal that allows young people
who are not in school to find tailored training programmes.
Communications also aims to build a database of its users so it can
find out where these young people are located and tell them about
courses that nearby education centres offer. This could help
potential students find information on where to go to school, given a
general lack of infrastructure and the destruction caused by
typhoons.The system is due to be available in the second
quarter of 2014 both for smartphones with an internet connection and
for older phones, through an interactive voice response (IVR)
stronger connections between scientific research and teachers
communities was the main objective of the EU project PATHWAY.
collaboration with the UNESCO ASPnet schools of Croatia, Cyprus,
Montenegro and Serbia and the UNESCO Regional Bureau for Science and
Culture in Europe, Venice (Italy), schools and teachers played a
leading role in expanding students' experiences and their
understanding of science.With the purpose of promoting
scientific culture and a better understanding the role of science and
technology in schools and among young people in the South-East
European (SEE) region and Europe, an online survey of ASPnet Schools
was undertaken by the UNESCO Venice Office. Fifty three schools from
4 countries (Croatia, Cyprus, Montenegro and Serbia) participated in
the survey.
response rate of all the schools (mainly from secondary and
primary/elementary schools) was very high. The country that showed a
major interest was Croatia with the highest number of filled forms.
Half the schools chose one of the UNESCO ASPnet study topics for
their school activities. The most popular topic among the schools was
Cultural Diversity, Peace and Human Rights, although Education
for Sustainable Development and Cultural Heritage came immediately
schools that responded to the survey also expressed interest in being
part of the EU-Project PATHWAY and opening their schools to science
and technology education. Bringing the students into close contact
with science centers raise their interest and motivation to learn
about science and be involved in scientific investigations. Hence,
one of the ideas of PATHWAY
was to connect schools with science centers and with scientific
research in general, but also to focus on teachers' professional
development in this field.
objective of the project PATHWAY was to reinforce and strengthen
networks and partnerships so they may play a significant role in
promoting scientific culture in particular among young people.
Students and teachers should be active in the process of creating and
maintaining networks and partnerships.
willingness of the UNESCO ASPnet Schools to collaborate offered a
great potential for the further development and consolidation of the
introduced SocialEDU, a pilot initiative that will provide students
in Rwanda with free access to a collaborative online education
experience. With SocialEDU, students in Rwanda will receive free data
plans for accessing free edX MOOCs from some of the worlds leading
is about working together to remove barriers to access and give
billions of people the power to connect to the knowledge economy,
said Javier Olivan, Vice President of Growth and Analytics at
Facebook. SocialEDU represents this kind of collaboration at its
noted that We worked with the Rwandan government, a telecom
company, a device manufacturer and an educational content provider to
develop a plan to provide students with free, high-quality, localized
educational content and create a social learning experience that is
accessible via handheld devices. The initiative builds on the success
of MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses) by making it possible to
access high-quality educational content affordably.
Minister of Youth and ICT, Jean Philbert Nsengimana said, The
Government of Rwanda is excited to partner with Facebook to open up a
world full of content and interaction to Rwandan students. The social
education experience will accelerate innovation and propel Rwanda
into a knowledge-based economy.
added that We are committed to doing our part to make sure
SocialEDU has the greatest possible impact in Rwanda. This is fully
aligned with the Governments Broadband for All policy and the
Smart Kigali Initiative, a public-private partnership that provides
free wi-fi in Kigalis most popular squares, buses, hotels, and
public buildings.
its core, SocialEDU addresses five critical barriers to access by
bringing together: Free content, Free data, Affordable smartphones,
Localized, social educational experience and a government that
supports innovation.
this program, edX (edx.org) will work with Facebook to create a
social educational experience by building a mobile app that is
integrated with Facebook. Airtel will provide free education data for
everyone in Rwanda who participates in the program for one year,
while Nokia will pitch in with affordable smartphones that will
improve the quality and ease of Internet access.
Government will also expand its Smart Kigali program to provide free
wi-fi in campuses throughout the country, enabling students to access
high-quality multimedia educational content. Furthermore, the
Government will work with edX to adapt course materials for local
students. Airtel will lead operations for the phone trade-in program.
these types of apps consume a great deal of bandwidth to work
properly. To ensure the success of the app in Rwanda, Facebook is
providing engineering support to guarantee that the app creates a
social experience that is optimized for a low-bandwidth environment.
will work closely with Ericsson to test the apps functionality at
Ericssons facility, which simulates a 2G environment to provide
developers with immediate feedback on the apps performance in
alternative environments. Later this year, Facebook, in partnership
with Ericsson, will launch a unique testing facility that simulates
alternative environments for developers to use when creating apps for
similar markets.
Africas CEO Christian de Faria said, We are honored to
participate in this noble initiative. Education is one of the key
engines for economic and social growth across the continent, with
Rwanda amongst Africas most respected countries for its
outstanding development record. We will do everything possible to
support this ongoing reform using Airtels technological capability
in the data and mobile commerce environment, to facilitate Rwandas
rapid progress.
Executive Vice President for Mobile Phones, Timo Toikkanen said, Our
affordable smartphones help people make the transition from simple
mobility to more sophisticated experiences. Playing a role in helping
students get access to these experiences, such as social education,
through the SocialEDU initiative is truly an honor.
global access to high-quality education has been a key edX goal from
day one, said Anant Agarwal, president of edX. Nearly half of
our 2 million students come from developing countries, with 10
percent from Africa. In partnering with Facebook on this innovative
pilot, we hope to learn how we can take this concept to the world.
SocialEDU, students in Rwanda will receive free data plans for
accessing free edX MOOCs from some of the worlds leading
universities, including Harvard, MIT, U.C. Berkeley, TU Delft,
Australian National University and ETH Zurich.
platform will allow students to ask questions, engage with other
students, interact with teachers, and participate in group
Services for the Autism Community
(QSAC), a New York-based charity supporting children and adults with
autism, has selected Sprint as the 2014 recipient of the Change Maker
Award for its commitment to accessibility for people with
disabilities. Dan Hesse, Sprint CEO, will accept the honor on behalf
of the company at QSACs annual gala taking place on Tuesday, June
17, at The Lighthouse at Chelsea Piers (West 26 Street and West Side
Highway) in New York.
year, QSACs Change Maker Award recognizes a company that has made
a meaningful commitment to supporting the needs of children and
adults with developmental disabilities. Sprint is being honored for
delivering innovative accessible solutions that empower individuals
with disabilities.
offers a variety of products and services, including unique,
accessibility-themed ID packs for select Android devices that are
designed to accommodate various accessibility needs. Sprints
Accessible Education ID pack, among other services, assists
individuals with autism who are working to improve their
socialization and communication skills.
efforts to expand access to technology embodies our hope for more
tools and resources to assist individuals with disabilities in
achieving greater independence, empowering them to contribute more
meaningfully to their communities, said Gary Maffei, executive
director of QSAC. By recognizing Sprint, QSAC hopes to encourage
others to actively support Sprint and similar efforts to expand
access to technology for children and adults with autism.
Sprint, we recognize how making wireless technology more accessible
can reduce, and perhaps eventually eliminate, the communication
barriers faced by individuals with disabilities, Hesse said. We
embrace this challenge and we are proud to receive the 2014 Change
Maker Award.
recipients of honors from QSAC have included Pfizer and PIMCO. Each
year, QSACs gala brings together more than 500 people to increase
autism awareness while raising funds to support QSACs programs and
services for the autism community of New York and Long Island.
details regarding the gala are available online at www.qsac.com/gala.
corporate responsibility program, Sprint Good WorksSM, is guided by
the principle that doing the right thing is good business. More than
a statement, its also a belief: Good does indeed workSM. Thats
why Sprint is committed to anticipating the needs of customers and
making award-winning services accessible to all. By empowering
seniors and people with disabilities through accessible technology,
Sprint is demonstrating how good technology works as a positive force
in society.
more information, watch the following video:
the motto No one can enjoy a human right to which one does not
have access, the international initiative Zero Project
mobilized its worldwide network of more than 1,000 disability
experts in spring 2013 to map the state of the implementation of the
CRPD and to find innovative practice and policy solutions on
the full report
© Copyright 2017, International Telecommunication Union
The information presented within this blog comes from various organizations around the world. ITU encourages users to seek more detailed information from the original source through the links provided.
Links to third-party websites are provided for the convenience of all users. The ITU is not responsible for the accuracy, currency or the reliability of the content on these third-party websites. ITU does not offer any guarantee in that regard nor does ITU endorse the third-party organizations, their sites or content.


text:
He was overruled in many instances, but at least there was someone in the administration making counter-arguments.
Over the past five years, my administration has made more loans to small business owners than any other.
Despite the differences in style and worldview however, Rice and Kerry have joined forces under the Obama administration before.
He will succeed Rudy DeLeon, who served as Deputy Secretary of Defense in the Clinton administration.
The Nixon administration portrayed Martha Mitchell as a bit daft, perhaps drunk, and not to be taken seriously.
During the Pierce administration he was physician to the President's family.
The administration was, as it always had been, a chaos of muddle.
But now the treasurer is the responsible head of the administration.
Evidently they had no adequate government or administration of justice.
You have had all my confidence and you have also had the administration of my fortune.
mid-14c., "act of giving or dispensing; late 14c., "management, act of administering," from Latin administrationem (nominative administratio) "direction, management," noun of action from past participle stem of administrare (see administer).
Early 15c. as "management of a deceased person's estate." Meaning "the government" is attested from 1731 in British usage. Meaning "a U.S. president's period in office" is first recorded 1796 in writings of George Washington.


text:
I have installed BT4 to a botable USB using Unetbootin. It boots up fine, but when I enter the "start x" mode the letters appear HUGE to the point where I cannot move or do anything. The desktop and taksbars all look fine, but the text itself for the "install to hard drive" icon take up the whole screen. THis issue has me perplexed as I have added and re-added the image to the USB a few times now with the same result. The only thing I did not do was set the MBR like the instructions said becasue there was no /boot/bootin.bat file on the USB.
Any assistance would be appeciated, my goal is to setup a dual boot XP and Backtrack 4 machine.....My machine currently has Fedora and XP dual booting but I dont care for the Fedora install and will replace that once I get BT4 working. But again the problem is all the letters (appears to be only letters) on the screen appear so big I cannot move anywhere. This is a DELL OPTIPLEX GX620 with no internal DVD drive, so that is why I am booting from USB.
Any feedback would be appreciated


text:
What you need to know before you make your next purchase.
Many people I know have been disappointed with their purchases of usb drives for wholesale. The reason for this is because they don't really know where to look. They're also not asking the right questions when making a purchase like this and tend to make mistakes and take on more risk than they should.
If you're asking about where to find wholesale flash drives then you're asking the right question because there's only a few places worth looking at when thinking about buying something like this. The truth is most dealers of this kind of stuff are just middle-men and resellers that source their hardware from cheap and unsavory places you'd never want to do business with. They don't invest anything into quality, much less customization, rush delviery, or service. You're likely to get delayed and mailed some junk to your address.
There's really only one place to work with when you're making a big order for drives. This place is called CustomUSB. I have a promotional company and we deal with a lot of businesses that serve this market. We've tested them all and I have to say, few make the cut. Really there's not much to say about it. If you want to get scammed then go work with someone else. You don't want to work with anyone else except the best in business. This is why I chose them.
Another thing that you should consider is how much do you want to buy when you get these tools? You probably don't want to get too little. You want to make the most of your investment and get a lot of drives. This is good because there's a lot of benefits from getting higher quantities of this technology. There's benefits from scale, like you can customize the drives with more intricate designs that fit your company's branding on the internet.
You should get familiar with the technology that you're working with before you make your purchase. Be sure to research wikis and watch a few videos: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Serial_Bus There's various pre-load options you can use to make the most of your purchase. You can preload awesome information that'll make up the cost of the purchase itself. This is the best way to operate with usbs.
Work with the best when you're getting your drives. CustomUSB works with a lot of vendors including Harley Davidson, Fiat and some others.
Copyright 2011-14 Flirtatious LLC


text:
Upsurge in Army ROTC
By Peggy Binette, firstname.lastname@example.com, 803-777-7704
Blair Boler knew he was making an important decision to join the Army ROTC at USC, but it was a journey he knew he was ready to take.
"My brother told me that I made a huge decision. It was then that I really got excited about bettering myself and being part of something bigger for my country," Boler said.
Boler is among 120 students in the University of South Carolina's Army ROTC, a program that has grown 214 percent since 2005-06. The increase in enrollment combined with a surge of officer commissions places the program third in the nation for program growth.
"Quality recruits quality, and that's what we're doing," Lt. Col. John D. Wright, battalion commander and chairman of the military science department. "We are working with quality individuals and teaching them the best leadership and training and combining that with the talents they have so that they can walk out with a diploma as an officer."
Wright attributes the enrollment growth, in part, to the swell of pride in the military after 9/11 and to students and soldiers wanting to serve the greater good.
Anthony Needler, a sophomore athletic training major, knew from age 10 that the military was for him.
"I've always wanted to be in the military and give back to people around me," Needler said. "It was like a calling for me to do something medically in the military. Athletic training is new in the military, and I'll be able to help create policy and make a difference as a first responder in treating, diagnosing and fixing an injury."
While the reasons most students choose ROTC have not changed – to serve others and country, to develop leadership or to continue a strong military family history – the impact of a struggling economy and rising tuition also are factors.
"I didn't want to burden my parents with the expense," said Boler, who coupled his academic scholarships with an ROTC scholarship to cover his tuition.
Caroline Underwood, a freshman biology major from Bedford, Texas, said she chose USC from 11 colleges because it was the least expensive. Underwood's family's tradition in the army extends back to the American Revolution and was a driver in her decision to choose Army ROTC.
Wright said ROTC scholarships are competitive and vary in size, and only about 26 percent of students in the USC program earn a ROTC scholarship. Students who complete their academic degree and fulfill all ROTC requirements earn a rank of second lieutenant in the Army and can choose one of two tracks: active duty or the National Guard or Reserves.
USC is exceeding its mission for commissions and ranks No. 8 in the U.S. for its increase in commissions.
ROTC requires students to participate in three hours of physical training and attend a leadership class each week. Additionally, they spend one weekend each semester at Fort Jackson and volunteer at numerous events on campus and in the community. Juniors and seniors take on additional leadership positions.
They also lend their leadership skills by getting involved in campus life.
"Lt. Col. Wright is a big advocate for us to be involved in student organizations," said Needler, who is a member of student government and the residence hall association (RHA). "Balancing academics and organizations with ROTC is the biggest challenge. We're learning and practicing our leadership style and how to be an example at all times."
And, that's what Wright wanted when he arrived in 2009 from Fort Knox to take his first college assignment at USC.
"My goal three years ago was for people to know and understand that ROTC on campus is good for USC," Wright said.
Jerry Hinton, a senior accounting major, said the fullness of ROTC and college life has led him to make "smart goals."
"I am more disciplined and more responsible. In your junior year in ROTC you rotate positions and become responsible for different people. You also are a mentor for the younger cadets," Hinton said.
Captain Ervin Beasley said it's that moment when a ROTC student puts others first that is the most gratifying for him.
"It's exciting to see that light click on, the first time they step up and are meeting the needs of others first," Beasley said. "It's rewarding, and it gives me hope for the future."
D'Anna Hunter, a senior psychology major, enlisted in the Army after high school and was deployed to Kuwait before entering USC's ROTC program.
"I always wanted to come to USC," Hunter said. "In Kuwait I realized how the military worked, and that's when I fell in love with it. But I've learned more in ROTC about leadership than being an enlisted soldier. It's given me the experience as a leader."
That leadership training and development complements the university's emphasis on student leadership.
"In a university focused on developing the leadership skills of all of their students, the college is proud to serve as the academic home of our reserve officer training programs," said Mary Anne Fitzpatrick, dean of the College of Arts and Sciences.
Wright looks forward to December's commissioning ceremony.
"We are exceeding our commissioning mission. Our cadets come back and tell us, 'We were ready. What we got at USC was what we needed," Wright said. "That makes me proud."
As battalion commander, Wright oversees a total of 226 cadets at Benedict College, Morris College, Coastal Carolina University, Francis Marion University and USC.
News and Internal Communications


text:
Look at the new regulations the government is adding
Snowy weather may have closed government offices today, but the Federal Register never stops growing.
Last week, the government managed to add 67 final rules to the Federal Register, according to the Competitive Enterprise Institute.
Sixty-seven may seem like a lot, but the government added 87 the week prior. Still, the 67 seven rules amounted to a whopping 1,415 additional pages in the Federal Register. If you do the math, that would be the equivalent of adding a new regulation about every 2 hours and 30 minutes.
Since the start of 2014, 14,593 pages have been published in the Federal Register. At this pace the register will mushroom to 72,965 pages by the end of the year. This would actually be the lowest total since President Obama took office in 2009.
More important than the number of regulations, is the cost of each individual new rule. So far this year, eight regulations have been deemed "economically significant" – meaning they have estimated compliance costs of over $100 million.


text: On our first visit to the Museum of Fine Arts last year, our tour guide Jake asked the boys, "Do you know the three rules of an art museum?"Ezra responded quickly and exuberantly. "No violence!""Okay - four rules," Jake replied while laughing.I don't know what kind of kids Jake normally gets at the museum, but for my boys No Violence has to be at the top of the rule list. They just can't keep their hands off of each other. They sleep in a tangle of legs and arms many nights. If th … [Read more...]


text:
[Date Index]
[Thread Index]
[Author Index]
difficult/unconventional series expansion
Dear group,
I am trying to do an unconventional series expansion, and find it
difficult with Mathematica. Given the function
S[x_] = Log[E^x-1]/(E^x-1)+(1+1/(E^x-1))Log[1+1/(E^x-1)]
I am looking for the behavior for very large x.
[For the interested: S(x) is the entropy (in units of the Boltzmann
constant) of a harmonic oscillator, with x=\hbar\omega/(kT). So I'm
looking for the low-temperature behavior of the entropy.]
The problem is that simply doing
does nothing (since this is not a series expansion in the usual
sense). But I know what I would like to find: the lowest terms of the
"series expansion" are
Do you know how to find this expression automatically in Mathematica?
I am interested in a general technique, not just the results for this
particular function.


text:
Intended audience: HTML/XML/CSS coders (using editors or scripting), script developers (PHP, JSP, etc.), and anyone who needs guidance on how and when to use alternatives to actual characters in a document.
How can I use character escapes in markup and CSS, and when should I use or not use them?
You can use a character escape to represent any Unicode character in HTML, XHTML or XML using only ASCII characters.
Numeric character references (NCRs) and named character references are types of character escape used in markup. For example, the following are different ways of representing the character U+00A0 NO-BREAK SPACE.
(The NO-BREAK SPACE character looks like a space but prevents a line wrap between the characters on either side. In French it is commonly used with punctuation such as colons and exclamation marks, which are preceded by a space but should not appear at the beginning of a line during text wrap.)
&# and end with
;. The
x indicates that what follows is a hexadecimal number representing the code point value of a Unicode character. The hex number is not case-sensitive.

Vive la France !

Vive la France !

Á represents the uppercase letter Á, whereas
á represents the lowercase á.

Vive la France !

One point worth special note is that values of numeric character references (such as
€ or
€ for the euro sign €) are interpreted as Unicode characters – no matter what encoding you use for your document. It is a common error for people working on content encoded in Windows code page 1252, for example, to try to represent the euro sign using
€. This is because the euro appears at position 80 (in hexadecimal) on the Windows 1252 code page. Using
€ in HTML should actually produce a control character, since the escape would be expanded as the character at position 80 in the Unicode repertoire. (In fact, browsers tend to silently correct that error. See the test pages.)
CSS represents escaped characters in a different way. To represent a character, start with a backslash followed by the hexadecimal number that represents the character's Unicode code point value.
If there is a following character that is not in the range A–F, a–f or 0–9, that is all you need. The following example represents the word émotion.
.\E9motion { ... }
If, on the other hand, the next character is one that can be used in hexadecimal numbers, it won't be clear where the end of the number is. In these cases there are two options. The first is to use a space after the escape. This space is part of the escape syntax, and does not remain after the character escape is parsed. The following example shows how you could represent the word édition.
.\E9 dition { ... }
Alternatively, you can use a 6-digit hexadecimal number, with or without a space. Here is an alternative way of writing édition.
.\0000E9dition { ... }
Because any white-space following the hexadecimal number is swallowed up as part of the escape, if you actually want a space to appear after the escaped character you will need to add two spaces (after a hexadecimal number of any length).
The backslash can also be used in CSS before a syntax character to prevent it being read as part of the code. For more information about CSS escapes, see the CSS Syntax Module.
It is almost always preferable to use an encoding that allows you to represent characters in their normal form, rather than using named character references or numeric character references.
Using escapes can make it difficult to read and maintain source code, and can also significantly increase file size.
Many English-speaking developers have the expectation that other languages only make occasional use of non-ASCII characters, but this is wrong.
Take for example the following passage in Czech.
Jako efektivnější se nám jeví pořádání tzv. Road Show prostřednictvím našich autorizovaných dealerů v Čechách a na Moravě, které proběhnou v průběhu září a října.
If you were to require numeric character references for all non-ASCII characters, the passage would become unreadable, difficult to maintain and much longer. It would, of course, be much worse for a language that didn't use Latin characters at all.
Jako efektivnĕjší se nám jeví pořádání tzv. Road Show prostřednictvím našich autorizovaných dealerů v Čechách a na Moravě, které proběhnou v průběhu září a října.
As we said before, use characters rather than escapes for ordinary text.
Use in XHTML. Using named character references in a document that is parsed as XML may become problematic if the entities are defined externally to your document and the tools that process the XML do not read the external files. In such cases the entity references will not be replaced by characters. For this reason, if you need to use escapes, it may be safer to use numeric character references, or define the character entities you need inside the document.
If you use HTML-defined named character references (such as
á) to represent characters in XHTML, you should take care any time your content is processed using XML parsers or other tools.
Syntax characters. There are three characters that should always appear in content as escapes, so that they do not interact with the syntax of the markup. These are part of the language for all documents based on HTML and for XML.
< (<)
> (>)
& (&)
You may also want to represent the double-quote (") as
" and the single quote (') as
'. This would certainly be the case in attribute text when you need to use the same type of quotes as those that surround the attribute value.
Invisible or ambiguous characters. A particularly useful role for escapes is to represent characters that are invisible or ambiguous in presentation.
One example would be Unicode character U+200F RIGHT-TO-LEFT MARK. This character can be used to clarify directionality in bidirectional text (eg. when using the Arabic or Hebrew scripts). It has no graphic form, however, so it is difficult to see where these characters are in the text, and if they are lost or forgotten they could create unexpected results during later editing. Using
 (or its numeric character reference equivalent
) instead makes it very easy to spot these characters.
An example of an ambiguous character is U+00A0 NO-BREAK SPACE. This type of space prevents line breaking, but it looks just like any other space when used as a character. Using
 ) makes it quite clear where such spaces appear in the text.
Input problems. If your editing tool does not allow you to easily enter needed characters you may also resort to using escapes. Note that this is not a long-term solution, nor one that works well if you have to enter a lot of such characters – it takes longer and makes maintenance more difficult. Ideally you would choose an editing tool that allowed you to enter these characters as characters. Alternatively, if you only need the occasional character, use a character map tool or character picker.
Encoding gaps. Escapes can be useful to represent characters not supported by the encoding you choose for the document, for example, to represent Chinese characters in a document encoded as Windows-1252. You should ask yourself first, however, why you have not changed the encoding of the document to UTF-8, which covers all the characters you need.
Note! It is best to use the UTF-8 character encoding for the style sheet, so that you can just use characters in CSS declarations. This section addresses what should be a quite rare circumstance where you may have decided to use escapes.
It is usually a good idea to put style information in an external style sheet or a style element in the head of an HTML file. Occasionally, or perhaps on a temporary basis, you may use a style attribute on a particular element, instead. Even more rarely, you may want to represent one or more characters in the style attribute using character escapes.
A style attribute in HTML can represent characters using numeric or named character references or CSS escapes. On the other hand, the style element in HTML can contain neither numeric nor named character references, and the same applies to an external style sheet.
Because there is a tendency to want to move styles declared in attributes to the style element or an external style sheet (for example, this might be done automatically using an application or script), it is safest to use only CSS escapes.
For example, it is better to use
...
...
Changing to UTF-8 means re-saving your file. Using the character encoding UTF-8 for your page means that you can avoid the need for most escapes and just work with characters. Note, however, that to change the encoding of your document, it is not enough to just change the encoding declaration at the top of the page or on the server. You need to re-save your document in that encoding. For help understanding how to do that with your application read Setting encoding in web authoring applications.
Hex vs. decimal. Typically when the Unicode Standard refers to or lists characters it does so using a hexadecimal value. For instance, the code point
for the letter á may be referred to as U+00E1. Given the prevalence of this convention, it is often useful, though not
required, to use hexadecimal numeric values in escapes rather than decimal values. You do not need to use leading zeros in escapes, ie. á could be represented as
Supplementary characters. Supplementary characters are those Unicode characters that have code points higher than the characters in the Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP). In UTF-16 a supplementary character is encoded using two 16-bit surrogate code points from the BMP. Because of
this, some people think that supplementary characters need to be represented using two escapes, but this is incorrect – you must use the single,
code point value for that character. For example, use
𣎴 rather than
Single ampersands. Although HTML user agents have tended to turn a blind eye, you should never have a single ampersand (&) in your document. You should pay particular attention to URIs that include parameters. For example, your document should contain
http://example.org/my-script.php?class=guest&name=user, rather than
Getting started? Introducing Character Sets and Encodings
Related links, Authoring HTML & CSS
Related links, Authoring XML
Related links, Developing specifications


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A pedestrian struck by a car on a Torrance street was reported in critical condition Friday, police said.
The accident occurred shortly after 10 p.m. Thursday in the 4300 block of Pacific Coast Highway.
An eastbound vehicle struck the pedestrian, who was taken to a hospital.
No other details were available.
- Larry Altman


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The noncompetition titles at the 2013 Sundance Film Festival promise some familiar faces, some new voices and some stuff that's way, way out there.
Selections for the Spotlight, Park City at Midnight and New Frontier programs were announced Thursday.
The Spotlight section features films the programmers liked from other festivals, primarily Toronto and Cannes. Among the highlights: the fugitive drama "Mud," starring Matthew McConaughey and directed by Jeff Shannon (whose "Take Shelter" wowed Sundance audiences in 2011), and actor/director Sarah Polley's personal documentary "Stories We Tell."
Offbeat comedies and severe violence are showcased in the Park City at Midnight program, which specializes in genre films. A few stars show up there, including comedian Rob Corddry and "Star Wars" icon Mark Hamill.
And the likely buzz in the avant-garde New Frontier slate will fall on "Interior. Leather Bar.," a speculative drama co-directed by actor James Franco.
The last part of the Sundance slate, the Premieres and Documentary Premieres sections, will be announced Monday, Dec. 3. The festival runs Jan. 17-27 in Park City and at venues in Salt Lake City, Ogden and the Sundance resort.
"Fill the Void" • (Israel) A devout 18-year-old Israeli woman (Hadas Yaron) is pressured to marry her late sister's husband, with no options for independence within Tel Aviv's ultra-Orthodox Hasidic community. Written and directed by Rama Burshtein. Israel's official entry for the Academy Awards.
"Gangs of Wasseypur" • (India) After Shadid Khan is exiled for robbing British trains, his son vows to get his father's honor back in a battle for revenge crossing generations. Directed by Anurag Kashyap, who co-wrote with Zeishan Quadri.
"The Gatekeepers" • (Israel, Germany, Belgium, France) Dror Moreh directs this documentary, interviewing six former heads of Israel's Secret Service to talk about the "peace process" that for 45 years has failed to achieve peace.
"Mud" • Writer-director Jeff Nichols ("Take Shelter," Sundance '11) returns with this drama in which two teen boys (Tye Sheridan, Jacob Lofland) form a pact with a fugitive (Matthew McConaughey) to evade bounty hunters and reunite with his true love (Reese Witherspoon).
"No" • (Chile) A young advertising executive (Gael Garcia Bernal) is hired to mount the opposition campaign to Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet's 1988 referendum to maintain power. Directed by Pablo Larrain, written by Pedro Peirano.
"Sightseers" • (U.K.) A caravan holiday goes very wrong for a guy (Steve Oram) and a gal (Alice Lowe). Ben Wheatley directs this comedy, which Oram and Lowe wrote.
"Stories We Tell" • (Canada) Actor and filmmaker Sarah Polley unearths the secrets in her own family tree in this documentary.
Park City at Midnight
"Ass Backwards" • Two loser friends (June Diane Raphael and Casey Wilson, who wrote the screenplay) go back to their hometown to claim the beauty pageant crown that eluded them in childhood. Chris Nelson directs. The cast includes Vincent D'Onofrio, Alicia Silverstone, Jon Cryer and Brian Geraghty.
"Hell Baby" • The "Reno 911" team of Robert Ben Garant and Thomas Lennon wrote and directed this horror-comedy in which the Vatican's elite exorcism team comes to the rescue of a New Orleans couple when their new house reveals a demonic curse. The cast includes Rob Corddry, Leslie Bibb, Keegan Michael Key, Riki Lindhome, Paul Scheer, Rob Huebel and Michael Ian Black.
"In Fear" • (U.K.) Driving on country roads with only their vehicle for protection, a couple (Alice Englert, Allen Leech) discover they've let the evil into the car. Written and directed by Jeremy Lovering.
"kink" • Christina Voros directs this documentary about the 9-to-5 work days of the San Francisco porn studios of the website Kink.com.
"The Rambler" • Writer-director Calvin Lee Reeder ("The Off Hours," Sundance '11) tells of an ex-con known as "The Rambler" (Dermot Mulroney) trying to get to his long-lost brother and encountering a strange mystery. The cast includes Lindsay Pulsipher and Natasha Lyonne.
"S-VHS" • (U.S., Canada) The sequel to the found-footage horror anthology "V/H/S" (Sundance '12), this time with two private eyes searching for a missing student and coming upon another cache of mysterious tapes. The directors this time are Simon Barrett, Adam Wingard, Eduardo Sanchez ("The Blair Witch Project," Sundance '99), Gregg Hale, Timo Tjahjanto, Gareth Huw Evans ("The Raid: Redemption," Sundance '12) and Jason Eisener.
"Virtually Heroes" • Two characters (Robert Baker, Brent Chase) in a "Call of Duty"-style video game become self-aware, with one of them abandoning the other to figure out the cheat codes of life. Directed by G.J. Echternkamp, written by Matt Yamashita. The cast includes Katie Savoy, Mark Hamill and Ben Messmer.
"We Are What We Are" • "Stake Land" director Jim Mickle, co-writing again with Nick Damici, puts viewers on the trail of the cannibalistic Parker family. The cast includes Bill Sage, Ambyr Childers, Julia Garner, Michael Parks, Wyatt Russell and Kelly McGillis.
New Frontier films
"Charlie Victor Romeo" • A long-running theatrical documentary, taken entirely from transcripts of cockpit voice recorders from six real airline emergencies, is brought to the screen in state-of-the-art 3-D technology. Directed by Robert Berger and Karlyn Michelson, written by Berger, Patrick Daniels and Irving Gregory. The cast includes Daniels, Gregory, Noel Dinneen, Sam Zuckerman, Debbie Troche and Nora Woolley.
"Fat Shaker" • (Iran) Writer-director M. Shirvani's drama tracks the experiences of an obese father and his handsome, deaf son in Tehran and the disruption to their relationship brought by the arrival of a beautiful young woman.
"Interior. Leather Bar." • Screenwriter Travis Matthews and star James Franco co-direct this speculative drama, which re-imagines what the 40 minutes of gay S&M footage rumored to have been cut from the 1981 movie "Cruising" would have looked like. Matthews and Franco appear in the film, along with Val Lauren, Christian Patrick and Brenden Gregory.
"Halley" • (Mexico) Alberto (Alberto Trujillo) is a night security guard at a 24-hour gym, but he's suffering from a condition in which he slowly decomposes. Before he accepts his fate, he strikes up an unusual friendship with the gym's manager, Luly (Lourdes Trueba). Sebastian Hofmann directed this drama, co-writing with Julio Chavezmontes.
"The Meteor" • (Canada) Pierre (played by François Delisle, the film's writer-director) is serving a prison term, visited by his aging mother and left behind by his wife though all three remain linked to Pierre's crime, guilt and loneliness.
New Frontier installations
The following descriptions are from the Sundance Film Festival press release:
"Cityscape 2095" • Artists: Yannick Jacquet, Mandril, Thomas Vaquié [AntiVJ]. "AntiVJ artists Yannick Jacquet and Marc Ferrario blend painting with light projection to transform the walls of New Frontier into a luminous, three-dimensional cityscape that feels strangely familiar yet impossible to locate. With its disorienting sense of time and space, 'Cityscape 2095' places spectators on the observatory deck of a skyscraper, where they take in a sprawling, imaginary city as it glitters over the course of one day."
"Coral: Rekindling Venus" • Artist: Lynette Wallworth. "Inspired by the first collaboration among the international science community to witness the celestial transit of Venus in 1761, Lynette Wallworth's visually stunning 'Coral: Rekindling Venus' is an augmented-reality and full-dome planetarium presentation designed to nurture an emotional connection between a global audience and the planet's endangered coral reefs. This epic project features original deep-sea photography, augmented-reality artwork and music by Antony and the Johnsons. Presented at the New Frontier venue in Park City, Salt Lake City's Clark Planetarium and other locations nationally. Details to be announced."
"E.M-bed.de/d, Datamosh, Augmented Real" • Artist: Yung Jake. "Rap artist Yung Jake is Net art incarnate, flowing lyrics about tweet culture, data-moshing, hashtags, and memes as he blows up on Twitter, YouTube, Tumblr, and Instagram in his HTML5 music video, 'E.M-bed.de/d.' This MC drops unexpectedly into your browser sessions, streams into Festival screenings, Skype-bombs live DJ performances, and pops out of floors and magazines in augmented-reality music videos."
"Eyjafjallalokull" • Artist: Joanie Lemercier [AntiVJ]. "Inspired by the 2010 Icelandic volcanic eruption that wreaked travel havoc across Europe, 'Eyjafjallalokull' is a stunning, three-dimensional, audiovisual mapping installation that challenges audiences' perception of space by creating an optical illusion that transforms the walls of New Frontier into a sweeping digital vista that artistically recreates the seismic event."
"North of South, West of East" • Artist: Meredith Danluck. "'North of South, West of East' enhances narrative storytelling by wrapping the film around the entire room. Presented to an audience in swivel chairs, Meredith Danluck's remarkable four-channel narrative feature deftly unspools a darkly humorous tale of small-town folks as they try to make sense of a posthope America. Shot on location in Detroit, Michigan, and Marfa, Texas, this unique film features fantastic performances by Ben Foster, Stella Schnabel, and Sue Galloway, and a soundtrack by Marfa local punk band Solid Waste."
"Pulse Index" • Artist: Rafael Lozano-Hemmer. "Rafael Lozano-Hemmer's beautifully resonant, interactive media installation swaths the central lounge of New Frontier with images of the warm, breathing flesh of its visitors. Pulse Index records the heart rates and fingerprints of participants and exhibits them in a beautiful Fibonacci pattern. Place your finger into the custom-made sensor, and your fingerprint appears on the largest cell of the display, pulsating to your heartbeat. Your print then travels down the sequence to join those of all the others who have visited the room, immersing the community space with the radiant glow of the human touch."
"What's He Building in There?" • Artists: Klip Collective. "Ricardo Rivera and the Klip Collective transform the entire front of the New Frontier venue into an interactive, 3-D projection-mapped parable, inspired by the Tom Waits song. Sip a hot beverage in the outdoor lounge and watch the walls and windowpanes dissolve into a story about a man on a mysterious mission inside the building. Use the X-ray flashlight to peek at what he is up to."


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Inguinal hernia - dischargeHernioraphy - discharge; Hernioplasty - discharge
You had surgery to repair an inguinal hernia caused by a weakness in the abdominal wall in your groin area. You probably had general or spinal anesthesia (asleep andpain-free). You may have had a small hernia that was repaired while you were given local anesthesia (awake but pain-free).
Your nurse will give you pain medicine and help you begin to move around. Rest and gentle movement are important for recovery.
You may go home the same day as your surgery. Or you may spend 1 to 2 days in the hospital. It will depend on the procedure you had.
What to Expect at Home
After your, or your child's, hernia repair:
- You will probably have stitches and special bandages on your incision.
- You may have some pain, soreness, and stiffness at first, especially when you move. This is normal.
- You will also feel tired after surgery.
- You will most likely return to your normal activities in just a few weeks.
- Men may have swelling and pain in their testicles.
- You may have some bruising around the groin and testicular area.
- You may have trouble passing urine for the first few days.
Make sure you get plenty of rest when you get home for the first 2 or 3 days. Ask family and friends for help with daily activities while your movements are limited.
Managing Your Pain
Take all of your pain medicines as instructed by the surgeon or nurse. You may be given a prescription for a narcotic pain medicine. Orthe surgeonmay suggest over-the-counter pain medicine (ibuprofen, acetaminophen) for the first 2 weeks after surgery.
You may apply a cold compress to the incision area for 20 minutes at a time for pain for the first few days. Wrap the compress or ice in a towel. Do not apply directly to your skin.
Wound Care
Take good care of your incision and dressings.
- You will need to keep your incision covered with bandages for the first 2 to 3 days.
- A little bleeding and drainage is normal until the stitches are taken out or they dissolve. Apply antibiotic ointment (bacitracin, polysporin) or another solution to the incision area if your doctor or nurse told you to.
- You may wash the area with mild soap and water after your stitches are gone. Gently pat it dry. Do not take a bath, soak in a hot tub, or go swimming for the first week after surgery.
You may also be taking antibiotics to prevent infection. Make sure you finish the medicine as your doctor told you to.
Your Diet During Recovery
Pain medicines can cause constipation, so make sure you are eating some high-fiber foods and drinking plenty of water. Antibiotics can cause diarrhea. If this happens, try eating yogurt with live cultures or taking psyllium (Metamucil).
Restricting Activities
Give yourself time to heal. For about a week, avoid strenuous activities, heavy lifting, jogging, or swimming. You may gradually resume normal activities, such as walking, driving, and sexual activity, when you are ready. Donot drive if you are taking narcotic medications.
Do not lift anything over 10 pounds (about a gallon jug of milk) for 4 to 6 weeks, or until your doctor tells you it is okay. Older boys and men may want to wear an athletic supporter if they have swelling or pain in the testicles.
Check with your doctor before returning to sports or other high-impact activities. Protect your incision area from the sun for 1 year to prevent noticeable scarring.
Schedule a follow-up appointment with your doctor as directed. Usually this visit is about 2 weeks after surgery.
When to Call the Doctor
Call your doctor if you have:
- Severe pain or soreness
- A lot of bleeding from your incision
- Difficulty breathing
- Light headedness that doesn't go away after a few days
- Chills, or fever over 101°F (38.3°C)
- Pus, warmth, or redness at the incision site
- Trouble urinating
- Swelling or pain in the testicles that is getting worse
Malangoni MA, Rosen MJ. Hernias. In: Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery. 19th ed. Philadelphia, PA:Elsevier Saunders; 2012:chap 46.
Review Date: 2/7/2013
Reviewed By: Matthew M. Cooper, MD, FACS, Medical Director, Cardiovascular Surgery, HealthEast Care System, St. Paul, MN. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.Also reviewed by A.D.A.M. Health Solutions, Ebix, Inc., Editorial Team: David Zieve, MD, MHA, Bethanne Black, Stephanie Slon, and Nissi Wang.


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