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This information is produced and provided by the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The information in this topic may have changed since it was written. For the most current information, contact the National Cancer Institute via the Internet web site at http://cancer.gov or call 1-800-4-CANCER.
Adult primary liver cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the liver.
The liver is one of the largest organs in the body. It has four lobes and fills the upper right side of the abdomen inside the rib cage. Three of the many important functions of the liver are:
Anatomy of the liver. The liver is in the upper abdomen near the stomach, intestines, gallbladder, and pancreas. The liver has four lobes. Two lobes are on the front and two small lobes (not shown) are on the back of the liver.
There are two types of adult primary liver cancer.
The two types of adult primary liver cancer are:
The most common type of adult primary liver cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma. This type of liver cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.
This summary is about the treatment of primary liver cancer (cancer that begins in the liver). Treatment of cancer that begins in other parts of the body and spreads to the liver is not covered in this summary.
Primary liver cancer can occur in both adults and children. However, treatment for children is different than treatment for adults. (See the PDQ summary on Childhood Liver Cancer Treatment for more information.)
Having hepatitis or cirrhosis can affect the risk of adult primary liver cancer.
Anything that increases your chance of getting a disease is called a risk factor. Having a risk factor does not mean that you will get cancer; not having risk factors doesn't mean that you will not get cancer. Talk with your doctor if you think you may be at risk.
The following are risk factors for adult primary liver cancer:
Signs and symptoms of adult primary liver cancer include a lump or pain on the right side.
These and other signs and symptoms may be caused by adult primary liver cancer or by other conditions. Check with your doctor if you have any of the following:
Tests that examine the liver and the blood are used to detect (find) and diagnose adult primary liver cancer.
The following tests and procedures may be used:
A biopsy is not always needed to diagnose adult primary liver cancer.
Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options.
The prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options depend on the following:
After adult primary liver cancer has been diagnosed, tests are done to find out if cancer cells have spread within the liver or to other parts of the body.
The process used to find out if cancer has spread within the liver or to other parts of the body is called staging. The information gathered from the staging process determines the stage of the disease. It is important to know the stage in order to plan treatment. The following tests and procedures may be used in the staging process:
There are three ways that cancer spreads in the body.
Cancer can spread through tissue, the lymph system, and the blood:
Cancer may spread from where it began to other parts of the body.
When cancer spreads to another part of the body, it is called metastasis. Cancer cells break away from where they began (the primary tumor) and travel through the lymph system or blood.
The metastatic tumor is the same type of cancer as the primary tumor. For example, if primary liver cancer spreads to the lung, the cancer cells in the lung are actually liver cancer cells. The disease is metastatic liver cancer, not lung cancer.
The Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Staging System may be used to stage adult primary liver cancer.
There are several staging systems for liver cancer. The Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) Staging System is widely used and is described below. This system is used to predict the patient's chance of recovery and to plan treatment, based on the following:
The BCLC staging system has five stages:
The following groups are used to plan treatment.
BCLC stages 0, A, and B
Treatment to cure the cancer is given for BCLC stages 0, A, and B.
BCLC stages C and D
Treatment to relieve the symptoms caused by liver cancer and improve the patient's quality of life is given for BCLC stages C and D. Treatments are not likely to cure the cancer.
Recurrent adult primary liver cancer is cancer that has recurred (come back) after it has been treated. The cancer may come back in the liver or in other parts of the body.
There are different types of treatment for patients with adult primary liver cancer.
Different types of treatments are available for patients with adult primary liver cancer. Some treatments are standard (the currently used treatment), and some are being tested in clinical trials. A treatment clinical trial is a research study meant to help improve current treatments or obtain information on new treatments for patients with cancer. When clinical trials show that a new treatment is better than the standard treatment, the new treatment may become the standard treatment. Patients may want to think about taking part in a clinical trial. Some clinical trials are open only to patients who have not started treatment.
Patients with liver cancer are treated by a team of specialists who are experts in treating liver cancer.
The patient's treatment will be overseen by a medical oncologist, a doctor who specializes in treating people with cancer. The medical oncologist may refer the patient to other health professionals who have special training in treating patients with liver cancer. These may include the following specialists:
Seven types of standard treatment are used:
Surveillance for lesions smaller than 1 centimeter found during screening. Follow-up every three months is common.
A partial hepatectomy (surgery to remove the part of the liver where cancer is found) may be done. A wedge of tissue, an entire lobe, or a larger part of the liver, along with some of the healthy tissue around it is removed. The remaining liver tissue takes over the functions of the liver and may regrow.
Liver transplant
In a liver transplant, the entire liver is removed and replaced with a healthy donated liver. A liver transplant may be done when the disease is in the liver only and a donated liver can be found. If the patient has to wait for a donated liver, other treatment is given as needed.
Ablation therapy
Ablation therapy removes or destroys tissue. Different types of ablation therapy are used for liver cancer:
Embolization therapy
Embolization therapy is the use of substances to block or decrease the flow of blood through the hepatic artery to the tumor. When the tumor does not get the oxygen and nutrients it needs, it will not continue to grow. Embolization therapy is used for patients who cannot have surgery to remove the tumor or ablation therapy and whose tumor has not spread outside the liver.
The liver receives blood from the hepatic portal vein and the hepatic artery. Blood that comes into the liver from the hepatic portal vein usually goes to the healthy liver tissue. Blood that comes from the hepatic artery usually goes to the tumor. When the hepatic artery is blocked during embolization therapy, the healthy liver tissue continues to receive blood from the hepatic portal vein.
There are two main types of embolization therapy:
Targeted therapy
Targeted therapy is a treatment that uses drugs or other substances to identify and attack specific cancer cells without harming normal cells. Adult liver cancer may be treated with a targeted therapy drug that stops cells from dividing and prevents the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow.
See Drugs Approved for Liver Cancer for more information.
Radiation therapy
Radiation therapy is a cancer treatment that uses high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation to kill cancer cells or keep them from growing. Radiation therapy is given in different ways:
New types of treatment are being tested in clinical trials.
Information about clinical trials is available from the NCI Web site.
Patients may want to think about taking part in a clinical trial.
For some patients, taking part in a clinical trial may be the best treatment choice. Clinical trials are part of the cancer research process. Clinical trials are done to find out if new cancer treatments are safe and effective or better than the standard treatment.
Many of today's standard treatments for cancer are based on earlier clinical trials. Patients who take part in a clinical trial may receive the standard treatment or be among the first to receive a new treatment.
Patients who take part in clinical trials also help improve the way cancer will be treated in the future. Even when clinical trials do not lead to effective new treatments, they often answer important questions and help move research forward.
Patients can enter clinical trials before, during, or after starting their cancer treatment.
Some clinical trials only include patients who have not yet received treatment. Other trials test treatments for patients whose cancer has not gotten better. There are also clinical trials that test new ways to stop cancer from recurring (coming back) or reduce the side effects of cancer treatment.
Clinical trials are taking place in many parts of the country. See the Treatment Options section that follows for links to current treatment clinical trials. These have been retrieved from NCI's listing of clinical trials.
Follow-up tests may be needed.
Some of the tests that were done to diagnose the cancer or to find out the stage of the cancer may be repeated. Some tests will be repeated in order to see how well the treatment is working. Decisions about whether to continue, change, or stop treatment may be based on the results of these tests.
Some of the tests will continue to be done from time to time after treatment has ended. The results of these tests can show if your condition has changed or if the cancer has recurred (come back). These tests are sometimes called follow-up tests or check-ups.
Stages 0, A, and B Adult Primary Liver Cancer
Treatment of stages 0, A, and B adult primary liver cancer may include the following:
Check for U.S. clinical trials from NCI's list of cancer clinical trials that are now accepting patients with stage 0 adult primary liver cancer (BCLC), stage A adult primary liver cancer (BCLC) and stage B adult primary liver cancer (BCLC). For more specific results, refine the search by using other search features, such as the location of the trial, the type of treatment, or the name of the drug. Talk with your doctor about clinical trials that may be right for you. General information about clinical trials is available from the NCI Web site.
Stages C and D Adult Primary Liver Cancer
Treatment of stages C and D adult primary liver cancer may include the following:
Check for U.S. clinical trials from NCI's list of cancer clinical trials that are now accepting patients with stage C adult primary liver cancer (BCLC) and stage D adult primary liver cancer (BCLC). For more specific results, refine the search by using other search features, such as the location of the trial, the type of treatment, or the name of the drug. Talk with your doctor about clinical trials that may be right for you. General information about clinical trials is available from the NCI Web site.
Treatment options for recurrent adult primary liver cancer may include the following:
Check for U.S. clinical trials from NCI's list of cancer clinical trials that are now accepting patients with recurrent adult primary liver cancer. For more specific results, refine the search by using other search features, such as the location of the trial, the type of treatment, or the name of the drug. Talk with your doctor about clinical trials that may be right for you. General information about clinical trials is available from the NCI Web site.
For more information from the National Cancer Institute about adult primary liver cancer, see the following:
For general cancer information and other resources from the National Cancer Institute, see the following:
The PDQ cancer information summaries are reviewed regularly and updated as new information becomes available. This section describes the latest changes made to this summary as of the date above.
Changes were made to this summary to match those made to the health professional version.
About PDQ
Physician Data Query (PDQ) is the National Cancer Institute's (NCI's) comprehensive cancer information database. The PDQ database contains summaries of the latest published information on cancer prevention, detection, genetics, treatment, supportive care, and complementary and alternative medicine. Most summaries come in two versions. The health professional versions have detailed information written in technical language. The patient versions are written in easy-to-understand, nontechnical language. Both versions have cancer information that is accurate and up to date and most versions are also available in Spanish.
PDQ is a service of the NCI. The NCI is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). NIH is the federal government's center of biomedical research. The PDQ summaries are based on an independent review of the medical literature. They are not policy statements of the NCI or the NIH.
Purpose of This Summary
This PDQ cancer information summary has current information about the treatment of adult primary liver cancer. It is meant to inform and help patients, families, and caregivers. It does not give formal guidelines or recommendations for making decisions about health care.
Reviewers and Updates
Editorial Boards write the PDQ cancer information summaries and keep them up to date. These Boards are made up of experts in cancer treatment and other specialties related to cancer. The summaries are reviewed regularly and changes are made when there is new information. The date on each summary ("Date Last Modified") is the date of the most recent change.
The information in this patient summary was taken from the health professional version, which is reviewed regularly and updated as needed, by the PDQ Adult Treatment Editorial Board.
Clinical Trial Information
A clinical trial is a study to answer a scientific question, such as whether one treatment is better than another. Trials are based on past studies and what has been learned in the laboratory. Each trial answers certain scientific questions in order to find new and better ways to help cancer patients. During treatment clinical trials, information is collected about the effects of a new treatment and how well it works. If a clinical trial shows that a new treatment is better than one currently being used, the new treatment may become "standard." Patients may want to think about taking part in a clinical trial. Some clinical trials are open only to patients who have not started treatment.
Clinical trials are listed in PDQ and can be found online at NCI's Web site. Many cancer doctors who take part in clinical trials are also listed in PDQ. For more information, call the Cancer Information Service 1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237).
Permission to Use This Summary
PDQ is a registered trademark. The content of PDQ documents can be used freely as text. It cannot be identified as an NCI PDQ cancer information summary unless the whole summary is shown and it is updated regularly. However, a user would be allowed to write a sentence such as "NCI's PDQ cancer information summary about breast cancer prevention states the risks in the following way: [include excerpt from the summary]."
The best way to cite this PDQ summary is:
National Cancer Institute: PDQ® Adult Primary Liver Cancer Treatment. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute. Date last modified <MM/DD/YYYY>. Available at: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/adult-primary-liver/Patient. Accessed <MM/DD/YYYY>.
Images in this summary are used with permission of the author(s), artist, and/or publisher for use in the PDQ summaries only. If you want to use an image from a PDQ summary and you are not using the whole summary, you must get permission from the owner. It cannot be given by the National Cancer Institute. Information about using the images in this summary, along with many other images related to cancer can be found in Visuals Online. Visuals Online is a collection of more than 2,000 scientific images.
The information in these summaries should not be used to make decisions about insurance reimbursement. More information on insurance coverage is available on Cancer.gov on the Managing Cancer Care page.
Contact Us
More information about contacting us or receiving help with the Cancer.gov Web site can be found on our Contact Us for Help page. Questions can also be submitted to Cancer.gov through the Web site's E-mail Us.
Call 1-800-4-CANCER
For more information, U.S. residents may call the National Cancer Institute's (NCI's) Cancer Information Service toll-free at 1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237) Monday through Friday from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., Eastern Time. A trained Cancer Information Specialist is available to answer your questions.
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Search the NCI Web site
The NCI Web site provides online access to information on cancer, clinical trials, and other Web sites and organizations that offer support and resources for cancer patients and their families. For a quick search, use the search box in the upper right corner of each Web page. The results for a wide range of search terms will include a list of "Best Bets," editorially chosen Web pages that are most closely related to the search term entered.
There are also many other places to get materials and information about cancer treatment and services. Hospitals in your area may have information about local and regional agencies that have information on finances, getting to and from treatment, receiving care at home, and dealing with problems related to cancer treatment.
Find Publications
The NCI has booklets and other materials for patients, health professionals, and the public. These publications discuss types of cancer, methods of cancer treatment, coping with cancer, and clinical trials. Some publications provide information on tests for cancer, cancer causes and prevention, cancer statistics, and NCI research activities. NCI materials on these and other topics may be ordered online or printed directly from the NCI Publications Locator. These materials can also be ordered by telephone from the Cancer Information Service toll-free at 1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237).
Last Revised: 2015-03-18
If you want to know more about cancer and how it is treated, or if you wish to know about clinical trials for your type of cancer, you can call the NCI's Cancer Information Service at 1-800-422-6237, toll free. A trained information specialist can talk with you and answer your questions.
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Healthwise, Healthwise for every health decision, and the Healthwise logo are trademarks of Healthwise, Incorporated.


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Apple has announced iPhone 4S, which comes with the dual-core A5 chip, an 8-megapixel camera, full 1080p HD resolution video recording, and Siri voice recognition tool.
Apple's dual-core A5 chip delivers up to twice the processing power and up to seven times faster graphics than iPhone 4, all while maintaining battery life - now up to 8 hours of 3G talk time.
iPhone 4S comes in either black or white and will be available in the US for a suggested retail price of US$199 for the 16GB model, US$299 for the 32GB model and US$399 for the new 64GB model.
- Wireless broadband developments in Southeast Asia markets
As of 2013, the 10 ASEAN nations had a total of over 700 million mobile subscriptions, with the CAGR from 2003-2013 reaching 24%. This Digitimes Research Special Report analyzes the various mobile broadband markets in ASEAN and looks at the respective trends in 4G LTE development for those markets.
- 2015 global tablet demand forecast
This Digitimes Research Special Report provides a 2015 forecast for the global tablet market and analyzes the strategies of key market players such as Google, Apple, Intel, and Microsoft.
- 2015 China smartphone panel trend forecast
This Digitimes Research Special Report analyzes the strategies of key China-based major panel makers BOE, Tianma and IVO for attacking the different market segments through technology and pricing, and their relationship to local vendors Huawei, Lenovo, ZTE, Xiaomi and Coolpad.

subset: commoncrawl


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(GENEVA 23 August 2012) – "It is time for the Bahraini authorities to comply with the rights to peaceful assembly and expression and immediately release those arbitrarily detained for exercising their legitimate freedoms," a group of United Nations human rights experts said today, calling for the prompt release of prominent human rights defender Nabeel Rajab, who was recently sentenced to three years imprisonment. The call comes amidst serious concerns about the ongoing campaign of persecution of human rights defenders in Bahrain.
Mr. Rajab was convicted on three charges of illegal assembly related to his participation in peaceful gatherings in favour of fundamental freedoms and democracy, including a peaceful protest to denounce the detention of fellow human rights defender Abdulhadi Al Khawaja.
"The sentencing of Nabeel Rajab represents yet another blatant attempt by the Government of Bahrain to silence those legitimately working to promote basic human rights," said the Special Rapporteur on human rights defenders, Margaret Sekaggya. "The Bahraini Government must immediately cease its campaign of persecution of human rights defenders in the country."
The Special Rapporteur on freedom of peaceful assembly and of association, Maina Kiai, stressed that "the exercise of the right to freedom of peaceful assembly should not be subject to prior authorization from the authorities." For the rights expert, "the criminalization of people participating in peaceful assemblies for the sole reason that they did not seek the approval of the authorities to hold such assemblies contradicts international human rights law." (more…)


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$ave if you can – and you can
This week is "America Saves Week," a time for consumers to focus on how they can better manage their money. Certified Financial Planner Eleanor Blayney recognizes many Americans may still be struggling to save in the still-recovering economy, but says it's possible for people at any income level to get a better handle on their finances.
"I really haven't met a person or a client yet who doesn't have some capacity to save," Blayney said.
Blayney recommends trying to save 8%-to-10% of your net income in a savings account or certificate of deposit. Blayney also says it's important to participate in your employer's 401(k) retirement savings plan and to put together a household budget to see where you might be able to reap savings. More financial advice and savings resources are available at americasavesweek.org.


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Thirty Seconds To Mars earn MTV Europe Music Award noms
Listen to Thirty Seconds To Mars on iHeartRadio
Thirty Seconds to Mars will soon find out if the success of their "Up in the Air" video can make the trip overseas. The clip helped the band win the Best Rock trophy at this year's MTV Video Music Awards, and now Jared Leto and company have nabbed multiple MTV Europe Music Award nominations, including Best Video.
They're also in the running for Best Alternative along with Arctic Monkeys, Paramore, Fall Out Boy, and Franz Ferdinand. Kings of Leon, Queens of the Stone Age, the Killers, and Green Day are all up for the Best Rock award, as are rock icons Black Sabbath.
Imagine Dragons made the cut in the Best New category, while Daft Punk could take home trophies for Best Electronic or Best Song for "Get Lucky." The 2013 Europe Music Awards will be handed out November 10th in Amsterdam.


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Carolina on King brings Gamecock community to Charleston
Contact: Wes Hickman, email@example.com, 803-777-3478
**To reach the Carolina on King store call 843-958-2735**
Taking a walk down King Street in Charleston one doesn't expect to see the University of South Carolina's notable garnet and black. Beginning Aug. 29, however, USC will bring the Gamecock spirit to the Holy City.
USC's new official welcome center in Charleston, Carolina on King, will give South Carolina's flagship university a presence on the bustling King Street downtown. The colorful store at 258 King St. will offer boutique retail with premium USC branded merchandise.
More importantly, Carolina on King will serve as a welcoming point for Charleston tourists and residents, introducing prospective students and their parents to USC. It will also provide a place to connect and engage USC alumni in the community with their alma mater.
"With 2,400 current students and 10,000 alumni calling the Charleston region their home, the University of South Carolina wanted to have a personal touch with Gamecocks in the region. This center will be a front door to our flagship and to our system for those in the Lowcountry who want to reconnect with their alma mater, seek guidance on admissions or simply learn more about our university," said USC President Harris Pastides. "I am excited that we have made this center a reality and most eager to see how we are able to touch many more of our friends and family in Charleston."
Ashley Canady Slane, '90 journalism and public relations, the new director of the welcome center, will assist in answering questions and serve as the liaison with the Charleston community, including tourism and civic organizations.
"As a graduate of USC and a long-time resident of the Lowcountry, I am very pleased to have this opportunity to combine my Gamecock pride with my professional experience to help promote all the wonderful and innovative things the University of South Carolina system has to offer," Slane said.
The idea for the welcome center came from Pastides vision for reconnecting alumni, recruiting students and providing more information about USC in the Charleston area. With the help of Vice President for Communications Luanne Lawrence and Helen Ziegler, associate vice president for business affairs, Pastides found 258 King to be the ideal location for the center. USC Director of Facilities Planning and Programming Derek Gruner led the design and construction phases of the facility and preserved the historical integrity of the facility while providing a contemporary touch for telling the USC story.
"He knew that we had many loyal alumni and a growing market of current and prospective students from the area, but we had no place in the region for them to connect back to the campus," Lawrence said. "This is Dr. Pastides' vision and he sees great opportunity with this location to make the needed personal contact with alumni, friends and prospective students from one of the state's fastest growing and dynamic regions."
The entire USC system will be on display in this center, providing information not only on the Columbia campus but the seven regional and comprehensive campuses as well.
"We hope that this center will help create more visibility for the University of South Carolina and explain the unique missions of each campus," Lawrence said. "We have not had this personal touch available in Charleston before."
Visit Carolina on King after Aug. 29 at 258 King St. in Charleston.
News and Internal Communications


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A new photography exhibit, "Cabin in the Woods: The Early Appalachian Still Life Photography of Jack Jeffers," is now on display in the Dougherty Reading Room in Special Collections [1] on the 4th floor of Belk Library and Information Commons. The exhibit is accessible during the regular operating hours of the Dougherty Reading Room, Monday through Friday, 10am – 4pm. Jack Jeffers donated much of his 40 years-worth of work to the W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection [2] in the spring of 2011. The bulk of this work represents Jeffers' Appalachian portfolio, which he saw as capturing a vanishing way of life in the mountain south.
Curated by Appalachian Studies graduate student and Dougherty Reading Room reference assistant David Funderburk, the exhibit includes eight photographs that represent the early stages of photographer Jack Jeffers' decades of work documenting the Appalachian region. Jeffers' career was marked by the artist's desire to seek out and capture images of the "true mountain people." The images in the current exhibit track Jeffers' 1969 discovery of an abandoned cabin in the Virginia woods, which he saw as a relic of this disappearing way of life. Jeffers' work presents a view of mountain life that is at once elevated to the sublime by the artist's reverence for the precious nature of his subject matter and punctuated by horrific displays of abandonment and decay.
If you are interested in learning more about Jack Jeffers, please visit his website [3]. For more information about the exhibit, please contact the Dougherty Reading Room at 828-262-7974 or firstname.lastname@example.com [4].


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That's not even an argument. It's "tooo damn sexii"? The iPhone look is too boring for me, its been the same for way to long.[/QUOTE]
Just like u said is too boring for (yOU) not for the billions of iPhone users so stop hating lol. Keep ur plastic phone if that makes u happy pal.
Ill take the Droid DNA over the iphone on looks. How is iOS much cleaner and runs better than a high end Android device?
do you carry your iphone in an Aluminium case?
i bet you use a plastic case as the 99.9% of the users.
i'm not an apple or android fan. i'm just saying my thoughts, and i prefer Android to use it daily.
i don't care if games are better. i don't spend $700 in an iphone to play.
At the risk of starting a flame war: they're similar in many ways except 1 major one: taste. The Galaxy SIII is a F*ugly device. It's cheap and chintzy-looking. I bought a One X+ last year (getting the HTC One in the next week or so) because I couldn't stand how terrible-looking the SIII was, despite its great technical specs. Seriously, Samsung need to quit going Gangnam style on their smarthphones.
I don't care if the Galaxy SIII or SIV can run a space probe (well, okay, if they could, that would be cool) since, in real world use, the iPhone 5 is already pretty impressive. It's actually odd: iOS users get better real-world device performance even though their hardware is supposedly not as great. Meanwhile, as an Android user, you either need to be running stock Android via a custom Rom or a Nexus device, otherwise, all that computing power goes to waste pushing crappy UI layers like Touchwiz. Sure, widgets are great -- heck, a lot of Cydia tweaks add UI flourishes that are available on stock Android -- but I still find iOS devices more reliable.
example: If I wanted to post a screen shot from my phone to this website., I can take the screen shot, right from the screen shot I can upload it to photo bucket come here and post a link. you can NOT do that on an iPhone. you'd have to take the screen shot then open a second app to accomplish the same task.
example: I wanted a song from youtube, from my phone I can (within 60 seconds) download the video, upload it to the server where it gets converted then download back to my phone without any input from me besides entering the URL of the video. once downloaded I can with a file explorer browse my phone for the mp3 then Im prompted to choose which media player I want to use to open it. once opened I just add it to my play list. you can NOT do this on an iPhone, even a jailbroken iPhone would not be able to accomplish this simple task.
example. I just spent 7 minutes using my thumb to type an email then decide that I need to add an attachment (of any file type) 2 or 3 taps later and its inserted into my email. you cannot do this with an iPhone....unless there's some app (free or FEE) in the app store which you have to search for, install and try it to see if its what you're looking for. time consuming and costly.
example. how any app I install can be set as my default app. Never, ever will apple allow you to do this.
example. how any Android app has widgets, no iOS app (except a few clunky Cydia apps) have this ability.
there is nothing I can think of that as you said, can do things a lot faster with iOS. it's simply not true but I can do many many things much much faster and a lot easier with Android. ie add music to my device. I dont have to sync my whole phone first., use my desktop to create a playlist then sync my whole phone again just for one song. all I need to do is drag and drop. done.
Attachment 627863
You mean like this? Dropbox and the others you mentioned can be added in the same place with jailbreak tweaks.
Attachment 627864
May not want to use MMi as an example. With the MMi app I just took a screenshot and uploaded it in about 10 seconds.


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Energy Analysis and Tools
NREL offers energy analysis tools, models, and other resources for researchers, developers, investors, and others interested in the viability, analysis, and development of hydrogen and fuel cell technologies and systems. Learn about NREL's hydrogen and fuel cell system analysis projects.
ADOPT: Automotive Deployment Options Projection Tool
Modeling tool that predicts consumer demand for different vehicle types based on income distribution and other demographic attributes in a given region. Available soon for public download.
Alternative Fuels Data Center Tools
Collection of tools—calculators, interactive maps, and data searches—that can help fleets, fuel providers, and other transportation decision-makers reduce petroleum use.
FASTSim: Future Automotive Systems Technology Simulator
Simulation tool that provides fuel economy, performance, battery life, and cost calculations for different vehicle design and usage scenarios.
FCPower: Fuel Cell Power Model
Financial modeling tool for analyzing high-temperature, fuel cell-based tri-generation systems.
Fleet DNA: Vehicle Drive Cycle Analysis
Clearinghouse of medium- and heavy-duty commercial fleet transportation data for optimizing the design of advanced vehicle technologies or for selecting a technology to invest in.
Fuel Cell System Contaminants Material Selector Tool
Interactive material selector tool to help fuel cell developers and material suppliers explore the results of fuel cell system contaminants studies.
H2A: Hydrogen Analysis Models
Hydrogen production and delivery models used for analyzing the economics of distributed and centralized hydrogen production from various energy resources, including renewables, coal, natural gas, and biomass.
HyDRA: Hydrogen Demand and Resource Analysis
Web-based GIS tool that provides access to hydrogen demand, resource, infrastructure, cost, production, and distribution data.
H2FAST: Hydrogen Financial Analysis Scenario Tool
Available as an interactive online tool or a downloadable Excel spreadsheet, this modeling tool provides a quick and convenient in-depth financial analysis for hydrogen fueling stations.
Hydrogen Storage Models
Hydrogen storage models developed as part of the Hydrogen Storage Engineering Center of Excellence, which addresses the engineering challenges associated with developing lower-pressure, materials-based, hydrogen storage systems for hydrogen fuel cell and internal combustion engine light-duty vehicles.
National Fuel Cell Technology Evaluation Center
Off-network data center used for the secure management, storage, and processing of proprietary data from industry.
Open EI: Open Energy Information—Hydrogen
Knowledge-sharing wiki that provides access to energy-related information, data, and applications.
SERA: Scenario Evaluation, Regionalization, and Analysis Model
Infrastructure analysis model used for determining optimal production and delivery scenarios for hydrogen, given resource availability and technology cost.
Transportation Secure Data Center
Repository of detailed travel data—including demographic information and second-by-second speed profiles—from various surveys and studies. The TSDC makes these data available to support research projects while protecting individual participant privacy.
Other NREL Analysis Tools
Visit the following websites to learn about other NREL analysis tools and activities.
- Biomass Process and Sustainability Analyses
- Fuels, Vehicles, and Transportation Market Transformation
- Energy Analysis Models and Tools
- Models and Tools for Transportation Research
Related Studies and Research Centers
Visit the following websites for information about related studies and research centers.
- International Council for Clean Transportation
- McKinsey & Company: A Portfolio of Powertrains for Europe: a Fact-Based Analysis of the Role of Battery Electric Vehicles, Plug-in Hybrids, and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles
- National Research Council: Transitions to Alternative Transportation Technologies—A Focus on Hydrogen
- University of California, Berkeley: Transportation Sustainability Research Center
- University of California, Davis: Institute of Transportation Studies
- University of California, Irvine: National Fuel Cell Research Center
- U.S. Department of Energy: Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program Records


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Cox Communications and Swift Charities are using their communications expertise and business relationship to serve local charitable interests. The two companies have put together a creative partnership agreement which utilizes the Cox array of communications tools–Cox Media, Cox Business and Cox Creative Services, to promote Swift Charities' 2nd Annual 5K FUNRUN and 2.5K Walk. In return, Swift Charities will share a portion of the proceeds from the FunRun/Walk to support Cox Charities grant recipients.
The idea to support each other's charitable interests came as a result of a thriving business relationship. Cox Business provides Swift Transportation with a 10G Cox Metro Ethernet circuit between Swift's headquarters and its datacenter and 100M Optical Internet at each location.
"Cox and Swift have a world-class business relationship and similar values. We saw an opportunity to bring our respective families of companies together to help each other give back to the communities we serve," said Cox Business Vice President, Hyman Sukiennik.
Specifically, on December 8 at Indian Steele Park, Swift Charities will host its 2nd Annual 5K FUNRUN and 2.5K walk benefitting Chances for Children. For more information or to register for the event visit http://swiftcharities.org and stay tuned for promotions produced by Cox to run across the channel lineup. Cox will also be on hand to film event highlights and promote the 5K FUNRUN/Walk through customer and employee newsletters and the Cox Arizona Facebook page.
"The joint philanthropic venture between Swift Charities and Cox Communications is a win-win situation for both parties and the charities they support. Swift and Cox Communications are committed to bettering the lives of the children in our communities and helping ensure their future is bright and secure," said Swift Transportation Director of Marketing, Trent Broberg


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yo heffernan you gunna reply or what its been like a fuckin week
yo heffernan you gunna reply or what its been like a fuckin week
lol "kill jews" next level hipster ish
some steeltown stuff
better stuff later
holy shit is that kraze over the hier
it was allready dissed.......
is the accumulation of facts through observing, learning, and respecting. Knowledge is the foundation of all in existence, for it must be "known" in order to make it manifest. Knowledge is the "light" given off by our SUN, which is the foundation of our Solar system. Also the Original Man whom is the foundation of ALLAH's family. KNOWLEDGE=SUN=ORIGINAL MAN.
is wise-words being spoken, or to speak Knowledge(wise-dome meaning a wise-mind), and act according to it. Wisdom is WATER, or the vital building block of life. Wisdom is the Original Woman because through her Cipher(womb) life is continued. It is also a reflection of one's Knowledge, and is shown and proven by the Moon being a reflection of the Sun's light(knowledge). Knowledge+the reflection of Knowledge=Wisdom(1+1=2). WISDOM=MOON=ORIGINAL WOMAN.
is that which shows and proves the completion of Knowledge and Wisdom(Man, Woman, Child). Understanding is a clear mental comprehension. It is the Original child which is the star. The highest form of Understanding is Love, the bond between Man and Woman, or Knowledge and Wisdom. UNDERSTANDING=STAR=ORIGINAL CHILD.
Culture is one's way of living. Meaning one's language(wisdom), and customs(ways and actions). Freedom, is to have a 'free-dome', or to lack restraints. The Original Man's culture is Islam(freedom, justice, and equality), which is peace.
Power is force or creative energy. To Refine is to perfect. Power is the truth which is Allah's mathematics. To Knowledge the Culture of Islam is to have Power.
is the state, or quality of being Equal. Meaning to deal equally with all in existence. Equality is achieved by teaching others Knowledge and Wisdom, making it Understood through Understanding.
Allah is GOD. The Supreme being, Black man who is the Original, is god, Allah, lord of all the worlds, supreme ruler of the universe which is everything, sun, moon, and stars(god is the sun in the solar system, woman is moon, child is star).
To build is to elevate the mentality of self, and others around self. To add-on positive energy to Allahs nation. To Destroy is to ruin by allowing negativity to outweigh the positive.
is the completion of all in existence. To manifest from Knowledge to Born, which is the law of mathematics. To be complete in itself.
is a whole. 360 degrees of KNOWLEDGE(120) WISDOM(120) & UNDERSTANDING(120). All in existence pertains to a cipher.
A Allah
B Be or Born
C Cee
D Devine
E Equality
F Father
G God
H He or Her
J Justice
K King or Kingdom
L Love, Hell or Right
M Master
N Now, Nation or End
O Cipher
P Power
Q Queen
R Ruler
S Self or Savior
T Truth or Square
U You or Universe
V Victory
W Wisdom
X Unknown
Y Why
Z Zig-Zag-Zig
Your worlds seem so isolated..so glad I quit graffiti. But for some reason I have to come on here and laugh at the recent vandalism you kids put into our city. "stay up"!!
your a joke learn how to take PROPER photos


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March 7, 2013
Iliff Courage Celebration Concert
See Iliff's new video that debuted at the Courage Celebration on March 7.
View Iliff Courage video.
Description: It takes courage to make a difference! This year's Iliff School of Theology Courage Award Celebration honored Lee Everding, volunteer, philanthropist, clinical social worker, founder and director of Denver Eclectics, co-founder of the Abrahamic Initiative, and former chief executive officer, Communicom, Inc.; R.J. Ross, one of the founders and recently retired president of The Samaritan Institute; and "Building Bridges," (formerly Seeking Common Ground) a Denver based non-profit organization addressing the root causes of hatred, discrimination, and violent conflict by connecting young adults face to face to those they have been taught to fear and mistrust; with a concert and awards presentation. Courage Invitation
The evening's program featured a concert led by Denise Gentilini and her "We Are Voices Project" featuring noted singers, Beth Avedis, Hazel Miller, Lisa Nemzo, Mary Louise Lee, Mindy Sterling, CoCo Brown, Shiva Maxey, William Skip Lynch, Sam Nichols, Carl Carwell, Sheryl Renee, Jon Sterling, Frank Selman, Ron Bland, Ed Contreras, Dr. Vicki Burrichter, and the SOAR! Youth and Adult Choir.
A VIP reception at Iliff preceded the concert at the Newman Center for the Performing Arts. Proceeds benefited Iliff's Diversities and Scholarship Programs.
Thank you to our event co-sponsors including: $10,000 Vision – Anonymous, Susan Duncan Schlessman, Kim Patmore. $5,000 Courage – Rhondda and Peter Grant, George and Mary Sissel. $3,000 Hope – Katherine Borgen, Donna Bates Bouicher, The Phyllis M Coors Foundation, Ernst & Young, Wills and Pat Long, Jim and Scotty Wilkins. $1,500 Strength – Greg and Jenny Baldwin, Deloitte, Dr. Frederick Grover, Janet Manning, Merrill Lynch, William (Bill) Schilling, Vision Graphics, Inc./Eagle:xm
Date: Thursday, March 7, 2013
VIP Reception: 5:30-6:30 p.m. (VIP Reception tickets are available only through Iliff)
Concert and Awards Presentation: 7:00-8:30 p.m.
"Lee Everding, R.J. Ross and Building Bridges have made remarkable contributions to our world – exemplifying the fortitude and courage to make life better for all people," said Albert Hernández, interim president, chief executive officer, and associate professor of the history of Christianity. "We are honored to present them the 2013 Iliff Courage Awards and to celebrate them with a concert by the 'We are Voices Project' led by local Emmy Award-winning songwriter Denise Gentilini."
Lee Everding is receiving the Courage Award for her life-long passion of providing educational venues for thousands of people through her commitment to many learning ventures promoting tolerance, peace, and justice. She is active in numerous organizations, serves on several boards, and has received the prestigious Daniel R. Ritchie Award from the Colorado Ethics Business Alliance.
"As the founder of Denver Eclectics, a local women's group dedicated to learning about tough issues facing our world, Everding has grown the group to more than 500 members," added Hernández. " Her commitment to educating the community is demonstrated not only through this activity, but by the many others she supports and advises."
R.J. Ross is being honored for his life-giving work in establishing The Samaritan Institute, a nationwide system of counseling centers that offers clients low-cost mental health services emphasizing the unity of mind, body, and spirit.
"As one of the largest providers of professional counseling in America, Ross, one of the original founders of the Institute, has provided programs that have responded to the needs of congregations and communities since 1972," commented Hernández. "His life's work has helped thousands across the United States and abroad find sorely needed mental health services at little or no cost."
Iliff honors Building Bridges (formerly Seeking Common Ground) for its largest program which brings American, Israeli, and Palestinian teen women together to develop personal relationships based on empathy and respect. Participants learn to see the humanity in those they thought were different from themselves, and they acquire the communication and leadership skills necessary to work towards more just, inclusive societies. For nearly 20 years, Building Bridges have been effective in creating social change agents in the Middle East, Northern Ireland, South Africa and the United States.
Location: University of Denver, The Newman Center for the Performing Arts, 2344 East Iliff Ave., Denver, 80210


text: Yesterday when I Tweeted about Chris Brown and faking hundreds of hours of community service, I guess I expected more outrage. I know all of you are outraged, but I think to a degree everyone knows that nothing will happen to him and it really does seem like celebrities are given a break the rest of us are not. With the help of his mother, the Richmond Police Dept, including the Chief Of Police there, and many others, Chris Brown faked his way to completing his community service obligation. According to The LA Times, the DA here does not even want to revoke his probation. They just want him to perform it here. So, really there are no repercussions at all. None. Chris' mom obviously feels that beating women is fine or she would not have helped Chris. The Richmond Police Department obviously feels like it is ok that Chris beats women or they would not have helped. That is what I don't understand, How can a police force join in lying about what some a-hole did? Did they pay the police chief? Did Chris Brown give him women? Why would you destroy any reputation or endanger your job to help pond scum like Chris?


text: My best pair was a pair of twins which I had for over a year and where good but recently bought a pair of Lonsdale which are already ruined as I sometimes roll in them. So I was just wondering if any1 had any suggestions or shall I just go back to the trusted twins? Thanks.


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With a top-notch lineup of experts addressing industry issues, the GIE+EXPO Workshops are sessions you'll definitely want on your "must-do" list in October. At $50 each, the lessons learned will more than pay for your trip! Pre-registration is required.
The workshop schedule will include:
• Hardscape Session 1: Adding Hardscape Installation to your Company's Success – Pat McCrindle
• Understanding Your Sales Process: Is it all about YOU or all about the CLIENT? – Jason Cupp
• Ten Ways Significant Money Is Slipping Out Your Back Door and You Don't Even Realize It! – Jonathan Pototschnik
• Hardscape Session 2: Production Management and Crew Motivation on the Hardscape Jobsite – Frank Gandora
• Why Not You? Five Strategic Actions You Can Take Now To Grow – Richard Arlington
• How to Build a Marketing Plan that Grows with your Lawn Care Business – Andrew Pototschnik
Just Added - Brain Food at Breakfast:
• Common Problems, Simple Solutions - Mark Bradley
• Calculating Your Equipment's Owning and Operating Costs - Tom Jackson
Learn Installation Techniques at Hardscape Demonstrations
As a bonus for signing up for hardscape session 1 or 2 above, you will receive free access to a series of demonstrations that will take place Thursday and Friday. Or, upgrade your GIE+EXPO registration for $25. Discover the steps to expand your business and earn greater profits by adding hardscape installation to your list of services.


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Your shopping cart is empty!
Emelec 2011-12 home shirt in blue/black/grey.embroidered team crest with 10 stars.Sublimated logo and sponsor in front.Screened on sponsors on both sleeves.Astro's fabric developed to offer durability,quality and comfort.100% polyester.
Soccerplus first opened in 1994. We were one of the first soccer websites to hit the webView more
Address: 1640 E. Washington Blvd.
Pasadena, Ca 91104, USA
Phone: 1-800-945-7291
Get Direct


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Was $199.95 NOW $139.95
This is the wireless speaker with a built-in light system for creating a dance club atmosphere at any party or social event. While streaming music from a Bluetooth smartphone or mobile music device, the projection dome on top illuminates walls and ceilings with colorful, swirling points of light. The patterns shift and pulsate in time with the music to inject an instant club-scene vibe in any room. The powerful 50-watt amplifier excels at the thumping bass essential to any high-energy social soiree. Volume and track controls live on the Bluetooth device, so hosts can control the playlist from an iPhone, Android phone, or iPad while still enjoying the dance floor. Comes with microphone and cable so budding emcees can call the tune or propose a toast. Includes audio cable with 1/8" connector for non-wireless music players. Plugs into AC. 20" H x 15" W x 10" D. (19 lbs.)
Lifetime Guarantee
The Instant Party Speaker comes with The Hammacher Schlemmer Lifetime Guarantee. If this product ever disappoints you, for any reason, you may return your Hammacher Schlemmer purchase for exchange, credit, or refund.
Should you have any questions, we are available seven days a week (8:00 am – midnight EST). Please call 1-800-321-1484 to speak with a specialist or email us at firstname.lastname@example.com to receive a response within three business hours or less.
Sale item quantities are limited — please order soon.
May we recommend:
(based on 5 reviews)
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Love it
By Naila
from Sacramento, Ca
Overall my kids love it..
Bottom Line Yes, I would recommend this to a friend
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It is such a great product!!!
By Flory
from Fl
We had lots of fun!!!
Life of the Party
By jaydlake
from Atlanta, GA
This makes for a LOT of fun with friends or the family. Worth buying!
great purchase
By Tammy
from Yellowknife NT Canada
My college son absolutely loves his speaker system.
nice light show!
By david
from canada
Hooks up easy to bluetooth and sounds good. We like it.
COPYRIGHT © 2017 HAMMACHER SCHLEMMER & COMPANY, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. W107147 E. 57th ST • NEW YORK, NY • 10022 • 1-800-_321-1484


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HONOLULU (AP) -- Washington offensive tackle Trent Williams won't play in the Pro Bowl after being hurt in a brawl at a Honolulu nightclub.
NFL officials and local police said Friday night the first-time all-star was hurt in a fight that injured three men, sending two to the hospital.
Police say one man was arrested and five others are being investigated for assault, but not Williams.
The league says the third-year pro will be on the sideline for the Pro Bowl game Sunday and won't lose his status as a member of the NFC team. Officials say he'll be paid a full Pro Bowl share.
Williams' Redskins teammate Jammal Brown says on Twitter that Williams needed seven stitches. Brown says the fight wasn't Williams' fault and he did nothing wrong.
Online: http://pro32.ap.org/poll and http://twitter.com/AP_NFL


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We left our horses at the post, and found a guide to Bazin's Inn, which lay beyond the walls.
It is safe to say that Bazin will never develop into an author dangerous to morals.
A military man like Leake could not have made this error, though he led Bazin into it by falsely locating Thermon.
A third doctor has been in consultation—Doctor Bazin, from Beaulieu.
Bazin was a tall man, running to fat: soft-spoken, with a delicate, gentle face.
Darcy and Bazin give, for the relation of the mean velocity vm and bottom velocity vb.
Scarce any road came by there; but a number of footways travelled among the bents in all directions up to Mr. Bazin's door.
With Bazin literary life does not become a mirage obscuring the vision of real life.


text:
Skip navigation.
Location: Herod Hall Auditorium
If you have any questions about this event, please contact: Kaylyn Hansen at 580-327-8439 or firstname.lastname@example.com
Thank you!
MISSION STATEMENT: Northwestern Oklahoma State University provides quality educational and cultural opportunities to learners with diverse needs by cultivating ethical leadership and service, critical thinking and fiscal responsibility.


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12 Conn. Kids Hurt When Ride Breaks
(NEWSER) – A dozen children were hospitalized yesterday after a swing ride malfunctioned at a festival in Connecticut, sending children crashing into each other and the center of the ride in front of their horrified parents. One adult was also injured as the ride at Norwalk's Oyster Festival lost power, the AP reports. Witnesses saw bleeding children with injured necks and legs and the most seriously injured child, an 8-year-old boy, is still in the hospital with non-life-threatening injuries.


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I. Collection Focus
The University Archives collects and documents the history and services of USM, as set forth (in part) by state law. This includes, but is not limited to, records and publications of USM such as: copies of all printed materials relating to the history, development and character of USM; all publications of departments, schools, and agencies of USM; records of organizational activities, campus offices, and campus branches. State-approved Records Retention Schedules establish retention periods and specify which records have historical value (i.e., indicating they will be accepted into the University Archives) in accordance with the UNIVERSITY RECORDS RETENTION AND DISPOSITION POLICY. Records from the founding of the University of Southern Mississippi as Mississippi Normal College in 1910 to the present are collected.
a. Definition of University Records
A university record is any information regardless of physical form or characteristics, which serves to document the organization, functions, policies, or other activities of the university and its faculty, staff, and students. Any record produced or received by any agency or employee of the university in the transaction of university business becomes university property. See the definitions also provided in the UNIVERSITY RECORDS RETENTION AND DISPOSITION POLICY.
b. Categories of Record Creators
II. Selection Process for Collecting University Archives Records
Only a small percentage of the documentation generated by the University has long-term archival value and is eligible for transfer to the Archives. The transfer of university records is managed through Retention Schedules approved in accordance with the UNIVERSITY RECORDS RETENTION AND DISPOSITION POLICY. Questions regarding the appraisal and disposition of records not listed in the Retention Schedule should be addressed to the Curator.
a. Types of Records Ordinarily Collected
People: Photos of individual faculty, staff, students, and alumni;
Buildings and campus scenes: Photos of individual buildings and groups of buildings; as well as aerial shots; and
Events and groups: Photos of groups of faculty, staff, students, and alumni participating in various activities including sports, commencement, departments, and organizations.
b. Types of Records Ordinarily Excluded
c. General Records Retention Schedule
USM GENERAL RECORDS RETENTION SCHEDULES cover records and copies of records common to many offices and departments. This version reflects items approved by the State Records Committee as of October 2014, and there will be updates whenever applicable items are approved in the future (ref. USM Policy ACAF-LIB-013, Part 3.5: "The University Libraries may directly issue General Schedules regarding frequent, normal disposal of certain routine internal records and copies of records common to many University offices and departments."). Contact the Curator about Schedules for other records specific to offices and departments.
d. Chronological Period Documented
The University Archives collects records primarily from the founding of the University of Southern Mississippi as Mississippi Normal College in 1910 to the present.
III. Loans
University Archives does not accept for accessioning items and collections on "deposit," on long-term, indefinite or permanent "loan," or in any other manner whereby USM is not the owner of the items, except in a unique instance when the Curator, in consultation with the Dean of University Libraries, approves such an arrangement for a uniquely valuable item or collection that would further the USM mission.
IV. Restricted Collections
The originating office may place some restrictions on access to records but the University Archives will not accept materials that are closed to the public in perpetuity.
V. Removal of Materials from the Collection (Deaccessioning)
Duplicates and materials that do not reflect the University Archives' collecting areas or do not possess sufficient archival value may be deaccessioned, subject to the documented terms of acquisition, University policies, and state and federal laws.


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Nokia has announced the Nokia 603, a smartphone preloaded with the latest apps and featuring single-tap pairing, sharing and tag reading with NFC.
The Nokia 603 is equipped with a 3.5-inch scratch-resistant display, optimized for use in sunlight. Carrying a EUR200 price tag, the Nokia 603 comes preloaded with Maps, the latest social networking games and apps, and the ability to capture, edit and share photographs. The Nokia 603 also makes NFC innovation accessible to more people with the ability to share content, pair with accessories like the Nokia Luna Bluetooth Headset.
The Nokia Luna Bluetooth Headset is an in-ear device with NFC pairing capabilities. Available in a range of colours, the headset features a pop-out earpiece for up to eight hours of talk time and charging with any Nokia microUSB phone charger.
The Nokia 603 is available in black and white with a choice of back covers in six different colors: black, white, fuchsia, green, yellow and blue. The Nokia Luna Bluetooth Headset is available in black, white, fuchsia, green and cyan. Both products are expected to start shipping in the fourth quarter of 2011.
- Wireless broadband developments in Southeast Asia markets
As of 2013, the 10 ASEAN nations had a total of over 700 million mobile subscriptions, with the CAGR from 2003-2013 reaching 24%. This Digitimes Research Special Report analyzes the various mobile broadband markets in ASEAN and looks at the respective trends in 4G LTE development for those markets.
- 2015 global tablet demand forecast
This Digitimes Research Special Report provides a 2015 forecast for the global tablet market and analyzes the strategies of key market players such as Google, Apple, Intel, and Microsoft.
- 2015 China smartphone panel trend forecast
This Digitimes Research Special Report analyzes the strategies of key China-based major panel makers BOE, Tianma and IVO for attacking the different market segments through technology and pricing, and their relationship to local vendors Huawei, Lenovo, ZTE, Xiaomi and Coolpad.


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Reading Level: Grades 7 and up
Once you tell one lie, it gets easier and easier and easier. All it takes is just one little lie.
Emma, Anna, and Mariah weren't supposed to be at a party with senior boys, but they were anyways. Emma wasn't supposed to fall in love with one of them, but she did. Anna wasn't supposed to be a bad girl, but she was. And Mariah wasn't supposed to even be friends with Anna and Emma, being a popular girl and all. But she was.
All of these things culminate in the lie that Emma was attacked by a masked man at the riverside but the three fended him off. That's why the girls were late coming home from the 'play' they went to see.
The girls think that once the police hit a dead end in finding the attacker, they won't pursue it any further. But they're sorely mistaken, and their lie snowballs and snowballs until it is beyond any control.
Check availability of Harmless
More novels written by Dana Reinhardt.
Other books you might like are: After by Amy Efaw, Touch by Francine Prose For older readers: Accomplice by Eireann Corrigan


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The Manta Rescue Reel: The ultimate in dive reels with features unlike any other on the market today. Constructed from the highest quality materials, it's made to withstand the demands of today's rescue diver. Whether it's wreck or cave diving, search and-recovery or underwater surveying, the Manta Reel is the only reel. Manta's Rescue Senior offers divers the freedom to voyage long distances with confidence due to its worry-free, diver friendly operation.
Designed for deployment of lift bags the Manta Reel is constructed with all stainless steel hardware, the spool is machined out of one piece of UHMW (Ultra High Molecular Weight) plastic. This plastic has one of the highest resistances to the elements, and reel is supplied with 230' (70 meters) of heavy-duty #60 braided nylon line.
The reels frame is anodized aluminum and the 3.25" (8.3 cm) bolt clip is made of stainless steel for corrosion resistance. Reel is factory set for tension, yet it still has a diver adjustable tension control. The unique spring loaded AFS (Anti-Free Spool) system mechanically prevents free falling and free spooling of line which almost eliminates the chance of backlash or bird nesting.
When you want to disengage the AFS the reel is equipped with the Cave Cam. The Cave Cam is specifically designed to aid cave divers in long exploratory penetrations. To activate the Cave Cam, the diver turns a specially designed cam 180 degrees, this in turn raises the AFS system off of the spool eliminating the need to squeeze it in order to deploy or retrieve line. The reel is made in the USA and comes with a 60 month warranty.
This product has a limited warranty of 60 months.
Reviewed by 1 customers
The item is pictured with a stainless Line Stop, but non was included in the package, I will request it.


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Shop By Category
- Backpacks + Rolling Backpacks
- Lunch Bags
- Water Bottles + Food Storage
- Study Accessories
- Locker Accessories
- Luggage + Duffle Bags
- Beach Bags + Totes
- Cosmetic + Toiletry Bags
- Gear Guide
Shop By Collection
- Gear-Up Collection
- Northfield Collection
- Emily & Meritt Collection
- Jet-Set Collection
- Getaway Collection
- Hard-Sided Luggage Collection
- Junk Gypsy
Great Values
Backpacks + Bags
Stay efficiently organized every day with backpacks and bags from PBteen. Browse the large inventory of girls' and boys' backpacks that are too cool for school, and discover an exciting range of totes, lunch bags, messenger bags and luggage to suit any style or occasion.
Pack up your troubles and take a trip in style with our awesome range of luggage, including spacious duffle bags with convenient compartments, and our cheery toiletry kits. Our range of teen luggage fuses practical storage solutions with youthful energy and vibrant color schemes. Enjoy jet-setting style with cool carry-on bags that are the perfect travel companions for adventurous weekends, or get ready for anything with durable, water-resistant rolling suitcases that take some of the heavy lifting out of a vacation.
When it's time to pack the kids off to school, tough, hard-wearing backpacks capable of enduring the rigors of the schoolyard are essential. And when they're hitting the gym, they need comfortable bags that aren't going to cause aches and pains before they've even finished their warm-up stretches. Shop our extensive selection of cute girls' backpacks with flower patterns and animal motifs. Alternatively, show off a wild, adventurous style with boys' backpacks in camo or animal prints. Water-resistant backpacks are versatile and convenient, suitable for everything from a walk in the park to a sleepover.
Lunch Bags
When the lunch bell rings, it's reassuring to know their lunch is as fresh at noon as it was when you packed it, and the lunch hall is the perfect place for kids to show off their style with hip lunch bags and food storage solutions that are as cool as they are practical. A functional lunch bag is space-saving and lightweight. It needs to be compact while still allowing room to pack plenty of nutritious snacks; a wipe-clean surface with waterproof interior makes cleanup quick and easy.
The tote is the bag of choice for everything from hitting the beach to hanging out at the mall. They're lightweight, comfortable and so spacious. Beach totes shine with vibrant colors and plenty of room for sunscreen and a good book. A tote is just as useful for carrying the shopping and is a stylish way to ensure you have everything you need for a day out.


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Yeah, I've been following this over the last 2 weeks and was really starting to think he my make it.
RIP Shane Del Rosario!
A shame, kinda hoped he would pull through even though from what I had heard there seemed no hope, with it going quiet you hoped that maybe he was improving.
Sig awaiting witty quote from someone.


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Washington : Government Printing Office
|Chap. 208
|Legislative Branch Appropriation Act, 1940.
|Chap. 208
|Chap. 208
|Chap. 208
|Clerks, messengers, and janitors.
|Chap. 208
Page 30
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the following sums are appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, for the Legislative Branch of the Government for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1940, namely:
Clerks and messengers to the following committees:
Indian Affairs—clerk, $3,900; assistant clerk, $3,600, and $1,400 additional so long as the position is held by the present incumbent; assistant clerk, $2,880; assistant clerk, $2,400; assistant clerk, $2,220; additional clerk, $1,800
Clerks, messengers, and janitors to the following committees:
Page 31
Indian Affairs—clerk, $3,300; assistant clerk, $2,460; janitor, $1,260. Insular Affairs—clerk, $2,700; janitor, $1,260
Approved, June 16, 1939.


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'CMA Country Christmas' airing Monday night
Luke Bryan, Darius Rucker, and Sugarland's Jennifer Nettles are some of the stars helping to spread some holiday cheer with the TV special "CMA Country Christmas."
The two-hour show will air on ABC Monday night at 9:00 p.m. Eastern.
Lady Antebellum, Hunter Hayes, and Jake Owen also participate in the show, along with Kellie Pickler, Rascal Flatts, Trace Adkins, and others.
The show features the stars singing songs and sharing stories of the holiday season, while "Duck Dynasty's" Robertson family is on hand for a fireside chat.
Nettles is serving as host for a fourth consecutive year. "CMA Country Christmas" was taped at Nashville's Bridgestone Arena last month.
Photo Credit Getty Images


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Department of Mathematics
Mathematics is a rigorous, demanding, and intriguing intellectual pursuit. In the workplace, mathematicians are prized for their exceptional analytical skills and problem-solving abilities. A degree in mathematics can lead to graduate study (Master's, PhD) or professional fields such as teaching, economics, information technology, government, and engineering. Our programs enable students to build a broad knowledge base suitable for a wide range of challenging careers.
"My specific areas of interest are geophysics and planetary sciences. My research focuses on earthquake mechanics and prediction, and the use of seismic waves to unravel earth structure. One of my students recently completed a research project on the magnetic-field precursors to the Loma Prieta earthquake. I have also completed a project with collaborators at MIT on the scattering and attenuation of seismic waves in New England. We offer a modern geological science curriculum at BSU and geophysics is an important part of that curriculum. Moreover, BSU provides an excellent environment for students to pursue independent research and I am working to expand such opportunities in the realm of geophysics."
BA, Acadia University
MA, PhD, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Jacqueline Anderson's scholarship interest is in arithmetic dynamics, a blend of number theory and dynamical systems.
BA, Providence College
PhD, Brown University
Professor Burgiel teaches programming and computer algebra, quantitative methods for management, geometry, and mathematics for elementary teachers. Her scholarship interests are in mathematics education and discrete geometry.
BS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
PhD, University of Washington
Mahmoud El-Hashash has taught many undergraduate and graduate courses including Precalculus, Calculus, Discrete Mathematics, Differential Equations, Elementary Statistics, Graph Theory, Linear Algebra, Operations Research, and Topics in Finite Mathematics.
Mahmoud El-Hashash's scholarship interests are in Combinatorics, Graph theory, and Statistics.
Selected publications:
M. El-Hashash, M Gabr "Bilinear Garch Time Series Models" Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Scientific Computing (CSC 2011, July 18-21, 2011, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA) pp.102-108.
M. El-Hashash, M Gabr "Iterated Neural Networks Time Series Forecasting and Applications" Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ICAI'09: July 13-16, 2009, USA) Vol I, 2009 pp.57-64.
M. El-Hashash, H. Burgiel "The Permutahedron is Hamiltonian" Int. J. Contemp. Math. Sciences, Vol. 4, 2009, no. 1, 31-39.
M. El-Hashash, H. Burgiel, and A. Hassan "On the Hamiltonicity of the Permutahedron" Contressus Numerantium, Vol 189 (2008), pp. 145-160.
M. El-Hashash "Almost the largest possible Cycle on the subgraph, of two consecutive levels, of the Hypercube" Congressus Numerantium Volume 166 (2004), pp. 33-42.
M. El-Hashash "A long Cycle on the subgraph, of two consecutive levels, of the Hypercube" Congressus Numerantium Volume 157 (2002), pp. 21-32.
M. El-Hashash "Hamiltonian Cycles and long Cycles, on the subgraph, of four consecutive levels, of the Hypercube" Proceedings of the 6th. World Multiconference on Systematics, Cybernetics and Informatics (SCI2002) vol. XI, pp. 188-198, July 14-18, 2002, Orlando, Florida.
M. El-Hashash and A. Hassan "On the hamiltonicity of Two Subgraphs of the Hypercube" Congressus Numerantium Volume 148 (2001), pp. 7-32.
BA, MS, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
MS, PhD, Northeastern University
Stephen Flood earned his doctorate in mathematics from the University of Notre Dame in 2012. He joins the Bridgewater State University Department of Mathematics and will teach Linear Algebra (MATH 202) and Multivariable Calculus (MATH 261). He studies the interplay between counting arguments, computability and the foundations of mathematics. His work has appeared in journal articles and he is currently working on a number of related projects. His favorite activities are reading and going on nature walks with his wife.
Laura K. Gross joined the faculty at Bridgewater State University in 2009. Previously she worked as an associate professor at The University of Akron Ohio. She also served as visiting scholar at Boston University and Northwestern University and as visiting assistant professor at the University of Vermont. She has published articles in SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, Complexity, Chaos, Journal of Engineering Mathematics, Physica D, Studies in Applied Mathematics, Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, and Interfaces and Free Boundaries.
At Bridgewater Dr. Gross has taught a variety of precalculus and calculus courses, as well as upper-level requirements and electives in the mathematics major, including a writing designated course. She has also taught a computer science course on programming and computer algebra and an interdisciplinary Honors colloquium Honors in Action.
Laura Gross's scholarship interests are in applied mathematics, particularly nonlinear dynamics in differential equations.
BS, Yale University
MS, PhD, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Ward Heilman started his academic career as a Religion and Philosophy major. After dropping out of college a few times he finally finished an undergraduate degree in Psychology at the State University of New York at New Paltz. Extensive experience driving trucks and taxis, unloading railroad cars and working in warehouses led back to a second undergraduate degree; this time in Mathematics with a minor in Computer Science. He worked a few short stints at IBM and then obtained a Master's degree in Mathematics from Pennsylvania State University. Eventually he earned a PhD in Mathematics, with a specialization in Combinatorics, from Northeastern University. He has enjoyed teaching at Bridgewater since 1996.
Professor Heilman delights in teaching courses in Logic, Combinatorics, Graph Theory, Abstract Algebra, Cryptology and Formal Language Theory. He encourages students to engage in undergraduate research and has mentored a Shea Scholar, many honors theses and several Adrian Tinsley Summer Research projects.
Dr. Heilman's original interests were in Mathematical Logic and Group Theory. He later became enchanted by Graph Theory and Combinatorics. Most recently he has become fascinated with Cryptology, in particular public key encryption systems and elliptic curve cryptography.
BA, BS, State University of New York at New Paltz
MA, Pennsylvania State University
PhD, Northeastern University
Annela Kelly joined the Bridgewater State University faculty in 2011. She previously worked at Roger Williams University for five years and at University of Louisiana at Monroe for nine years where she was promoted to associate professor.
Dr. Kelly enjoys teaching and has taught a wide variety of mathematics classes ranging from Abstract Algebra and Real Analysis to Liberal Arts Mathematics classes. She enjoys working with students on projects in her mathematics classes and her students present regularly at the mid-year undergraduate research symposium. Currently, she is teaching Calculus classes.
Dr. Kelly has published papers in combinatorial game theory and abstract harmonic analysis. She is interested in student learning and has given several presentations in the field. The purpose of her scholarship is to work on a variety of areas (number theory, cryptology, mathematics of games) that are serving our students by providing opportunities for undergraduate research. Research articles she has published include:
"Analysis of One-pile Misere Nim for Two Alliances," Rocky Mountain Journal of Mathematics, Vol. 41, No. 6, 2011
"One-pile Misere Nim for Three or More Players," IJMMS, No. 40796, 2006
"Jensen's Inequality for Vector-valued Functions on a Compact Abelian Group" (with B.Kelly), IJMMS, vol. 2003, issue 9, pp 527-532
"Decomposition and Quasi-invarianceof Weakly Analytic Vector-valued Measures," PanAmerican Math Journal 11 (2001), no. 3, pp 81-88
"Weakly Analytic Vector-valued Measures" (with N. Asmar and S. Montgomery-Smith), Hokkaido Mathematical Journal vol. 27 (1998), no. 2, pp 457-473
In addition she has coauthored two textbooks, College Algebra and Liberal Arts Mathematics. At Bridgewater she has organized student team competitions and this semester she oversees departmental honors program as the chair.
BS, Tartu University, Estonia
MS, PhD, University of Missouri - Columbia
Shannon Lockard has been teaching at Bridgewater since Fall 2007. She believes that working with students and teaching them mathematics is the best part of her job. In addition to teaching, she has also worked with a number of students on undergraduate research. She has taught a wide range of classes while at Bridgewater. She teaches calculus and linear algebra often and has taught many upper level courses as well, including Combinatorics, Graph Theory, and Number Theory. Away from Bridgewater, she enjoys spending time with her husband and two sons.
Dr. Lockard does research in the area of enumerative combinatorics. Currently she is interested in studying restricted partition functions and related sequences. In addition to her mathematical research, she also engages in the scholarship of teaching and learning as a way of informing her teaching.
BS, Eastern Kentucky University
MS, Clemson University
PhD, Clemson University
Rebecca Metcalf has been a liaison between her department and the College of Education and Allied Studies. She has been the facilitator of CONNECT Math and the Massachusetts higher education representative at PARCC Algebra II Assessment meetings. She is currently a contributing member of the Massachusetts Commonwealth Taskforce on Redesigning Developmental Math as well as an Executive Board Member of the Mathematics and Computer Science Collaborative (MACS) at Bridgewater.
Dr. Metcalf's teaching load consists of mostly mathematics courses for the preparation of elementary teachers, but also includes secondary mathematics methods courses and others. She teaches Mathematics for Elementary Teachers I (MATH 112), Mathematics for Elementary Teachers II (MATH 113), Mathematics for Elementary Teachers III (MATH 114), Elements of Precalculus (MATH 140), Precalculus and Trigonometry (MATH 150), and Methods for Teaching High School/Middle School Mathematics (HSED 456/MSED 422).
Her professional work and scholarship falls under the broad umbrella of Undergraduate Mathematics Education. Specifically, she has focused on issues related to transfer of undergraduate mathematics courses and teacher preparation of elementary teachers.
BS, State University College of New York College at Buffalo
MA, PhD, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
Vignon Oussa's first interest is teaching mathematics. He has taught several courses including remedial courses, most upper level courses and several other classes in between. Dr. Oussa is currently involved with the Math Club and is the coordinator of internship and job opportunities for math majors at Bridgewater State University. He has also been active in research on the Representation Theory of Lie Groups and Wavelets Analysis on non commutative groups.
Selected Publications:
B.Currey, V.Oussa, Admissibility for Monomial Representations of Exponential Lie Groups, Journal of Lie Theory 22 (2012), No. 2, 481-487
V.Oussa, Bandlimited Spaces on Some 2-step Nilpotent Lie Groups With One Parseval Frame Generator, to appear in Rocky Mountain Journal of Mathematics
V.Oussa, Admissibility For Quasiregular Representations of Exponential Solvable Lie Groups, Colloq. Math, vol. 131, No. 2 (2013)
Selected Topics in Math (MATH 105)
Transition to Advanced Mathematics (MATH 180)
Modern Geometry (MATH 325)
Real Analysis (MATH 401)
Abstract Algebra (MATH 301)
BS, Greenville College
MS, Southern Illinois University of Edwardsville
PhD, Saint Louis University
Kevin Rion's teaching interests include probability theory and mathematical aspects of statistics, as well as analysis. His scholarship interests are in Probability Theory, Mathematical Statistics, and Functional Analysis.
BA, University of Cincinnati
MA, PhD, Bowling Green State University
Polina Sabinin joined Bridgewater State University in 2011. She is the faculty coordinator of Games Teachers Play (an outreach program for P-12 teachers through the Center for Advancement of STEM Education) and Math Kangaroo (an international mathematics competition for students in grades 1-12).
Prior to coming to Bridgewater, Polina was the Associate Director of the Center for Mathematics Achievement at Lesley University, Associate Consultant for Teachers21, and developmental editor for Pearson Addison-Wesley. Currently she coauthors educational games for FoxMind Games, Canada. Her most recent game publication is Smart Cookies with Michel and Robert Lyons. Smart Cookies introduces children and adults to logic.
In the last ten years, Dr. Sabinin was the founding board member, president, newsletter chair, and conference chair for the Massachusetts Mathematics Association of Teacher Educators (MassMATE). She was also the Newsletter Chair for the Association of Teachers of Mathematics in Massachusetts.
Polina Sabinin teaches Mathematics for Elementary Teachers I (MATH 112), Mathematics for Elementary Teachers II (MATH 113), Mathematics for Elementary Teachers III (MATH 114), and Second Year Seminars about Games in Mathematics.
Her scholarship interests are in students' deductive reasoning as well as mathematics education through games and puzzles.
BS, MS, University of Calgary, Canada
EdD, Boston University
Matthew Salomone's scholarship interests are in geometry and dynamical systems and numeracy education.
BA, PhD, Northwestern University
Philip Scalisi is the former chair and graduate school coordinator in the Mathematics department. He is a member of the MAA, HOMSIGM, NCTM, and Pi Mu Epsilon. Professor Scalisi frequently participates in the MAA Math Study Tours. He often lectures in the History of Mathematics.
Professor Scalisi teaches both graduate and undergraduate level History of Mathematics and all Analysis courses. His scholarship interests are in history of mathematics and mineralogical crystallography.
BS, MS, Northeastern University
Dr. Irina Seceleanu has enjoyed teaching at Bridgewater State University since 2010. She regularly teaches both the introductory and upper level courses Precalculus, Calculus I and II, Linear Algebra and Introduction to Analysis.
Dr. Seceleanu is an analyst and her primary research interests lie in the field of operator theory, functional analysis and linear dynamics. Her research is in the area of hypercyclicity, which is the study of linear operators that possess a dense orbit.
K.Chan, I.Seceleanu, Cyclicity of vectors with orbital limit points for backward shifts, to appear in the Journal of Integral Equations and Operator Theory.
K.Chan, I.Seceleanu, Hypercyclicity of shifts as a zero-one law of orbital limit points, Journal of Operator Theory, 67(1), 257-277 (2012).
K.Chan, I.Seceleanu, Orbital limit points and hypercyclicity of operators on analytic function spaces, Mathematical Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 110A(1), 99-109 (2010).
Dr. Seceleanu also emphasizes student mentoring and has worked with students on a variety of undergraduate research projects sponsored by the Adrian Tinsley Program at Bridgewater. She has greatly enjoyed collaborating with her research students to create mathematical models for the retreat of glaciers in a changing climate and the effects of plaque aggregation on the neuronal network.
BS, University of Trier
BS, Academy of Economic Studies
MA, PhD, Bowling Green State University
Uma Shama has been teaching in the department of Mathematics and Computer Science since 1987 at Bridgewater State University. She mainly teaches mathematics courses from freshman to graduate level but has also taught directed study and independent research courses to undergraduate and graduate computer science students. Professor Shama has taught freshman seminar and first year seminar courses. Through GeoGraphics Laboratory, she has offered training workshops to practitioners in using geographic information system and spatial analysis in improving access to transportation. Bridgewater State University has revitalized the honors program and has actively introduced undergraduate research. To connect the Core Curriculum with each major, students are required to complete one writing intensive course in their major. In response to these changes, Dr. Shama has regularly taught a course in Applied Mathematics as writing intensive in the major. She has also taught graduate level research based writing intensive courses. When students show interest to learn more, she has always accommodated their needs by offering directed and independent study courses above and beyond her regular load.
ADVISING: Dr. Shama advises more than forty undergraduate and graduate students who major in mathematics and computer science. She has advised new students during freshman and transfer student orientation regularly. She also mentors students in their career paths as well as planning for advance degree programs.
STUDENT THESES AND PROJECTS: In the last seven years, she has directed two undergraduate honors theses, four undergraduate Adrian Tinsley Summer Projects and six masters projects in both mathematics and computer science.
COURSE DEVELOPMENT: Dr. Shama has been actively developing seminar courses, new courses to fill the needs in both mathematics and computer science programs at both undergraduate and graduate level. She worked with colleagues in modifying Calculus courses for mathematics majors and mathematics courses for elementary education majors. She participated in the CONNECT workshop in aligning courses for transferring among University of Massachusetts, community colleges, and Bridgewater State University. She also worked on creating a one-credit problem solving course as part of the E and T sections for some of the basic mathematics courses in the department. As part of the STREAMS course development, Dr. Shama developed Problem Solving courses that have become corequisite with a Calculus I course. Elements of Calculus courses were required for management science majors until a separate one semester applied calculus was introduced. She has worked on modifying the Elements of Calculus courses as the students in these courses are mainly science majors.
HONORS AND AWARDS: In the last seven years, Dr. Shama received four awards. In 2007, she received the Presidential Award for Distinguished Teaching, one of the highest recognitions for teaching at Bridgewater State University. In 2007, she also received Honors Outstanding Faculty Award that was initially recommended by students of Bridgewater State University. In 2009, she received the Martha D. Jones Outstanding Dedication to Students Award from the Bridgewater State University Alumni Association. In 2010, she received Bridgewater State Lifetime Faculty Research Award, the highest award that one can receive at Bridgewater. Since 2008, she was honored to serve as the University Marshal. Dr. Shama feels truly blessed to have been working at Bridgewater State University for the last twenty-six years and to have her work recognized with various awards.
COMMITTEE WORK: Dr. Shama has served in several committees within the department as well as college-wide. She served as treasurer of an international organization, Natural Philosophy Alliance. College-wide she has served on Honorary Degree Advisory Committee, Asian Studies Program, Campus Climate Action Group, Honors Program, Undergraduate Research Program, Executive Committee of MSCA, Bridgewater Chapter and HERS Bridgewater Chapter. In the mathematics department, Dr. Shama has served on graduate committee, undergraduate curriculum committee and search committee. She also serves as course coordinator of several courses on a regular basis.
SCHOLARSHIP: Dr. Shama's PhD thesis topic was "The Transformation Equations of Electromagnetic Field Vectors in Accelerated Systems"
GRANTS: In the last seven years during review period 2006-2013, Dr. Shama has been involved in eleven externally funded grants and one internally funded grant. She has been able to hire and train many undergraduate and graduate students on these externally funded projects. This has helped students who have worked in the GeoGraphics Laboratory to find full-time employment when they graduate from Bridgewater State University. She has actively served on the Project Compass grant. This work was especially fulfilling to her as it addressed the issues about improving student success at Bridgewater for all our students, in particular for underserved students.
PUBLICATIONS: In the last seven years, Dr. Shama co-authored ten publications and ten technical reports as part of externally funded grants. Her research fields include Geographic Informations systems, mobility management technology research in transportation, intelligent transportation systems, and electrodynamics.
PRESENTATIONS: Dr. Shama has been invited to present her research work at national and international conferences every year. She has also regularly presented project results to the funding agencies.
BS, MS, Bangalore University, India
MS, PhD, University of Connecticut
Hang-Ling Chang teaches Calculus and Probability Theory. His scholarship interests are in probability theory, statistics, and operations research.
BS, Chung-Hsing University, Taiwan
MS, Tsing-Swa University, Taiwan
MA, Columbia University
PhD, The University of Alabama
Paul Fairbanks has twenty years of service in the US Air Force including five years on a B-52 crew and six years at the US Air Force Academy. He has been at Bridgewater State University for twenty-six years.
Professor Fairbanks has taught all calculus courses, elementary statistics, intro to analysis, linear algebra, abstract algebra, and number theory. His scholarship interests are in Fourier transforms in edge-detection algorithms; stealth technology.
BA, Bridgewater State College
MS, Southern Illinois University
DA, University of N. Colorado
BS, Boston State College
MA, Boston College
BS, MS, Northeastern University
BS, MS, Northeastern University
MS, University of Missouri
With eighteen full-time faculty and over 300 majors, the department offers a Bachelor of Science degree in mathematics with options for concentration in pure math or statistics, minors in statistics and mathematics, and an interdisciplinary minor in actuarial science. We also offer a Master of Arts in Teaching. Students get involved through the math club, Pi Mu Epsilon honor society, BSU Honors Program, seminars, and undergraduate research. We maintain an ongoing collaborative (MACS) with local schools and businesses. Our academic programs are continuously evolving to reflect the constantly changing needs and goals of business, industry and education.
For more information on programs see our Catalog.


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This week's photograph came from Joan Lawler of England. In her family collection is this picture of an elderly woman she knows is one of her grandmothers: Mary Ann Spellman or Mary Ann Grime.
This photograph focuses on the head and shoulders of a woman wearing an elaborately decorated hat. The ostrich feathers date the hat to circa 1900.
Joan Lawler's two grandmothers share similar life dates:
To help with the identification, Lawler provided a photo of Ada Booth, daughter of Mrs. Spellman.
Identifying two photographs solely on physical characteristics is difficult even when you're looking at images of the same person taken at different times in her life. Comparing those elements across generations is even more complicated. A person's facial characteristics change with age and illness, and a second generation introduces additional features.
The most obvious clue to identity would be discovery of a death date for Mary Ann Grime prior to 1900. This would clearly establish that the portrait shows Mary Ann Spellman. So Lawler's continuing search for Grandmother Grime's death date holds the key.