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By Wayne Kruse Special to The Herald
This Saturday's running of the Lake Stevens Kokanee Derby will feature a little something different in the way of piscatorial decoration. Many of the boats and anglers participating will be sporting blow-up sharks and Hawaiian shirts to celebrate the life of avid angler, contributor to Gamefishin.com and booster of the Lake Stevens Derby, Tod Kertz ("Iceshark").
"Tod succumbed to cancer a month ago, and I'll bet more than half the boats out there will be participating in this commemoration," said last year's derby winner, Ryan Hansen. "Tod was a really great guy, always ready and willing to help anyone with fishing tips and a kind smile."
Good competition, top fishing, and on-water camaraderie would indeed be a fitting tribute, and Greg Rockenbach said the fourth annual derby is shaping up to be just that.
"Fishing really came on just after the first of the month," Rockenbach, one of the derby organizers and owner of Greg's Custom Rods in Lake Stevens, said. "And while limits have still been a little hard to come by, the fish seem to be a little larger than usual. We're seeing good numbers of nice 16-inchers, and I suspect the winning kokanee will be better than last year's 1.43-pounder."
Tickets are $20 for adults; free for kids 14 and under, and available at Greg's, Three Rivers Marine, John's Sporting Goods, Ted's Sports Center, Holiday Sports and Triangle Bait &Tackle.
Largest kokanee wins $1,000; second, $500; third, $250; and fourth, $100. Largest trout will win $500, as will largest kokanee limit of up to 10 fish. Kids prizes are $100 for largest kokanee, $75 for largest of any legal species in the lake (second place); and third, $50 for any species.
Rockenbach said 25 feet is about the deepest anyone has been successfully fishing recently, with most either flatlining with a crescent sinker or leaded line, or setting downriggers to 10 or 15 feet.
The most common rigs start with a 4-inch Dick Nite dodger in either "Wonderbread" — a polka dot pattern — or the purple hot tail, Rockenbach said. A short leader is next, at 10 to 12 inches, then a Wedding Ring spinner in pink or green/chartreuse. A double hook tie is superior to a single, Rockenbach said, in size 4 or 6. He said that John Thomas, of Rotten Chum Guide Service, has been successful recently using Gamakatsu glow pink hooks.
The majority of fishermen then tip a hook or hooks with white shoepeg corn, and most have not been adding scent to the bait. Some are dying the corn kernels red or pink, but Rockenbach said as far as he could tell, plain corn out of the can works about as well.
The south side of the aerator produced well over the weekend, while the purple pennant area was only so-so.
Rockenbach said the county park gate, on the west side of the lake, will open early on derby morning, but that parking there is limited. He said there will be plenty of parking available around the Lake Stevens ramp, and that there will be volunteers directing traffic from about 4 to 6 a.m.
Last year's event drew an estimated 300 participants, counting kids, Rockenbach said, and about 125 boats. "But we haven't really had any significant launch or parking problems," he said.
For full derby rules and last year's results, go to http://www.gregscustomrods.com/about/lake-stevens-kokanee-derby, or call Greg at 425-335-1391 for parking or fishing tips.
Shrimp numbers
The tentative data is in for the first day of the recreational shrimp season in Puget Sound and different areas won opening day bragging rights, depending on what was measured. Hood Canal, to no one's surprise, drew the largest crowd — an estimated 1,722 boats — and reported the highest total catch at 31,000 pounds of spot shrimp for the day. Second, however, went to our local waters, marine areas 8-1/8-2, at 9,457 pounds total for 510 boats
Shrimpers in Elliott Bay came up with the best per-boat average, at 18.9 pounds of shrimp. In second place, again, was Marine Aea 8-1 and 8-2 at 18.6 pounds average per boat.
The largest shrimp, at 10.2 per pound, were found in Elliott Bay, followed by the southern San Juan Islands (Iceberg Point/Salmon Bank) at 11.5 per pound.
State Fish and Wildlife Department biologist Mark O'Toole in the agency's La Conner office, said the average recreational boat fishes 3.5 pots (4 is the maximum) and carries 3.3 fishers on board.
Fair to good lingcod fishing continues in most western Washington saltwater areas. The San Juan Islands and the western Strait of Juan de Fuca have produced best, as is usually the case. WDFW checks in the islands last week showed 31 anglers in 11 boats with 20 lings and 1 cabezon. On Sunday, 82 fishermen in 30 boats at the Washington Park ramp in Anacortes had 19 lings and 2 cabezon. At Olson's Resort in Sekiu on Saturday, 36 anglers in 14 boats had 21 lings.
More locally, checkers at the Port of Everett ramp on Saturday tallied 69 fishermen with 16 lings.
Walleye derby
The 2013 Spring Walleye Classic on Potholes Reservoir drew 58 boats — 9 fewer than last year — and weighed 295 fish with an average weight of 2.34 pounds. That was 36 more walleye than were entered in 2012, according to MarDon Resort owner Mike Meseberg, and they weighed close to a pound more than the average weight last year.
The Spokane team of Don Graham and Brett McKern won the event with a total two-day weight of 30.74 pounds. Total payout for the tourney was $16,200.
For more outdoors news, read Wayne Kruse's blog at www.heraldnet.com/huntingandfishing.
Honor the military
Cabela's Tulalip store will celebrate Armed Forces Day Saturday with special events to honor veterans and active service members from all branches of the U.S. military.
Famous Dave's of Everett will be at Cabela's to host a rib barbeque from 11 a.m. to 4 p.m. to benefit local Wounded Warrior programs. A flag-raising ceremony and presentation by the Boy Scouts of America will take place at 10 a.m. at the flag poles.
Free activities and events from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. will include:portraits for active and retired military families, flag folding demonstrations by the VFW, U.S. Army recruiters, Submarine Veterans float display, Daisy BB gun shooting range, free vessel safety checks by Everett Power and Sail and much more.
The Arlington VFW Post 1561 will collect weathered and distressed U.S. flags for proper retirement in accordance with code.
While there, take in free demonstrations on salmon fishing in Washington, sleeping bags, pack fitting, knife sharpening, and boating safet.
For a complete schedule of Armed Forces Appreciation events, call 360-474-4880.
Coastal chinook
The early north coast clipped-fin chinook fishery got off to a fair start on May 10-11, according to WDFW coastal sampling coordinator Wendy Beeghley. The two-day tally at La Push was 143 anglers with 4 kings, but much better at Neah Bay, where 629 anglers boated 72 fish.


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A 2000 graduate of Lindsey Wilson, Rebecca holds a bachelor of
arts degree in business administration with an emphasis
in computer information systems. While a student, Rebecca was
a member of the Blue Raider softball team for four years.
Rebecca and her husband Chris have been married since August
1997 and they have one son named Cole.
Rebecca has been employed in the Computer Center at Lindsey
Wilson since June 2000.

subset: commoncrawl


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The big studios are steering clear of the U.S.S. Enterprise this weekend. (You can read The Cricket's review of "Star Trek: Into Darkness" here.)
So the arthouse slate is picking up the slack, with some intriguing Friday openings.
Best of the lot is "In the House," a seductive and twisty French thriller about a high-school student (Ernst Umhauer) who tries to insinuate himself into the middle-class home of a classmate with an eye toward the kid's hot mom (Emmanuelle Seigner). The student relates his progress through his writing assignments, handed into his French teacher (Fabrice Lucchini), who becomes obsessed with the boy's stories. Director Francois Ozon ("Swimming Pool," "Potiche") ratchets the tension slowly but inexorably through this deliciously decadent drama.
"The Source Family" is an absorbing documentary about a larger-than-life character: Father Yod, the charismatic leader of a California cult in the 1970s. The film combines interviews with former cult members with a wealth of archived photos and film to present an intriguing portrait of power, faith and corruption.
"The Angels' Share" is a charmer of a comedy from Scotland, about a parolee, Robbie (Paul Brannigan), who finds a way out of his dead-end life when he discovers a talent for tasting high-end whiskey and masterminds a heist of a rare batch of the stuff. Director Ken Loach, known for his social-realism dramas, changes pace with droll humor and a winning cast.
Lastly, the true-life crime drama "The Iceman" opens in a few theaters around Salt Lake City. Michael Shannon ("Take Shelter") stars as Richard Kuklinski, a contract killer who kept his numerous murders a secret from his wife (Winona Ryder) and daughters. Kuklinski's story is lurid but lacking in tension, but Shannon's drum-tight performance is worth watching. (The Cricket's review will be posted online later today.)


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Athletes who played on Newby Field from 1930 to 1968 are invited to witness the unveiling of a marker identifying the former site of the field Nov. 13 at 10 a.m. A stone monument and bronze plaque will be dedicated just outside the north entrance of the J.R. Holder Wellness Center on the campus of Northwestern Oklahoma State University in Alva.
Ranger football teams at Northwestern Oklahoma State University for 40 years battled their opponents on Newby Field on the southeast corner of campus. But Newby Field is no more. Northwestern gridmen moved their games in 1970 to more spacious and modern facilities at Ranger Field. Newby Field in time became the site of the J. R. Holder Wellness Center and a half dozen tennis courts.
MISSION STATEMENT: Northwestern Oklahoma State University provides quality educational and cultural opportunities to learners with diverse needs by cultivating ethical leadership and service, critical thinking and fiscal responsibility.


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Language Blog
Our language talk page is for you to enjoy using to help build your vocabulary, skills and knowledge. Subscribe to the blog and receive interesting and varied articles about the English language, British culture and what's going on in London. Read our Language Tips and pass them on to friends and colleagues, they're full of useful points.
A little bit of Irish English
When you read this post I'll be in Ireland, where I usually spend at least some of my Christmas holidays with my partner's friends and family. Many of our students also take the opportunity to pop across the water to the ROI during their stay in the UK so I'd like to offer a bit of advice to help them and you tune in to Irish English and culture.
Categories: British Culture
The Weather
Every December the radio plays our favourite Christmas songs and each year we hope, in vain, that the immortal words of Bing Crosby will come true when he croons "I'm dreaming of a white Christmas" Well not anymore, enough is enough, I'd be happy never to see snow again (unless skiing of course but that's different!)
Categories: British Culture
The School Band
Not only are our staff at LSE very experienced and well qualified in teaching English as a foreign language, they are also great entertainers! In fact, I think we might be one of the only schools in London to have its own band.
Categories: The London School of English
How to pass exams!
I'm just coming to the end of teaching our latest FCE course and as my class are taking their Reading, Writing, Use of English and Listening papers today (good luck! I've got my fingers crossed for them) I have a little time to reflect on how exam students can best maximize their chances of success.
Categories: Language and Learning
The Apprentice
I frequently teach business English courses at our Holland Park School and I often show business DVDs in the class room. The two most popular ones are definitely The Apprentice and Dragons' Den, both currently showing on the BBC. Today I'd like to tell you about The Apprentice as I believe that there are some lessons to be learnt from watching it.
Categories: Business


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Banner Elk, N.C. - The Brevard College Cycling team traveled to Lees-McRae this past weekend to compete in the Collegiate Mountain Bike National Championships against teams from all over the country including Wake Forest, Appalachian State, East Tennessee State, Air Force, Navy, and MIT.
Weather played a huge factor over the weekend as teams battled the cold and the mud as rain. However, the Tornados were able to battle through the conditions as a team to take 4th place overall finish, highest in program history.
The Tornados clinched their first national championship early in the men's cross country event when Tristan Cowie finished nearly three seconds in front of Union College's Zach Winn to take the crown. Matt Wells, Matt St. Marie and Tim Reinhart finished in the top 40 for the race while an early crash knocked Dan Ennis out of the race. Jo Tuttle and Julia Tellman jumped out with the lead group on the women's side, but eventually faded to 5th and 8th respectively.
The short track race was all Cowie as he blew past the field on his way to his second national championship of the weekend. St. Marie finished in 13th for the race while Dan Ennis, Wells, and Marshall Hartley rounded out the group in the top 35. On the women's side, Tellman placed in the top 5 to earn podium status with Tuttle just on the outside, finishing in 7th.
In the downhill event, Ennis and Danny Cesare finished in the top 15 in what was listed as the toughest event of the Championships. Tuttle finished 2nd for the women behind Sierra Nevada's Robyn Embrey, while Tellman finishing in 10th in spite of having problems with her bike late in the race.
The dual slalom event was the final event of the weekend. Ennis finished up in 3rd, less than a second behind eventual winner Deider Barrick of Colorado School of Mines, while Cesare fought through a crash to end up in 9th. Tuttle qualified in 1st for the race and held off the pack to take her first national championship. Tellman, like Cesare, finished in 9th after an early crash took her out of the competition.
The Tornados ended up taking 4th place overall in the team competition, behind Appalachian State, Colorado School of Mines and Warren Wilson College. The team was headlined by Jo Tuttle, overall women's champion, Julia Tellman, 5th place individually, and Dan Ennis who finished in 4th in the men's individual competition. The Tornados wrapped up their fall season with a total to 10 top five podium finishes and four national champions.
For complete results go to: http://www.usacycling.org/news/user/story.php?id=3911


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Many multifunction tools don't live up to all they're supposed to do, but the Fein MultiMaster is a rare exception. I've used one for about eight years; I don't use it on every job, but when I need it, I'm glad I have one. I originally purchased it for the exclusive purpose of making accurate plunge cuts, but I soon discovered it performed well on many other functions. Already sold on the utility of the tool, I jumped at the chance to review Fein's new and improved model.
The MultiMaster is known for its unique oscillating action, with its drive end rotating only 1.6 degrees. This minute, side-to-side motion done really fast gives the tool outstanding control. The tool has a variable speed dial that adjusts from 11,000 to 20,000 oscillations per minute. Whether cutting, scraping, or sanding, the tiny stroke of the MultiMaster's accessories works smoothly and precisely. This action is what makes it such a good plunge-cutting saw. It also makes it a better detail sander than other tools on the market.
Fein didn't alter the basic design of the MultiMaster, but it did improve some of the tool's most important features. The motor is said to be 40% more powerful than the previous model for quicker results under load.
But, without a doubt, the best change is to the mechanism that holds the tool attachments in place. The old system required a hex wrench to loosen or tighten the central bolt that holds the blade or other tool in place. The new model uses a cam lever mounted above the head of the machine. This greatly simplifies blade changing because you don't need to mess around with a loose wrench. The cam lever lifts open to release the center bolt and snaps shut to lock it in. (And it really snaps shut–so watch your fingers.)
Another great addition to the blade-locking system is the star-shaped die cut in the center of the tools instead of a circular hole. The points of the star engage with raised lines on the drive head, and provide a positive mechanical connection that cannot slip like the old system. The star-shaped holes let you set the attachment in either eight or 12 positions, depending on how many points it has.
The dust collection attachment on this model is more ergonomically friendly than on the last. Although I've never kicked up a huge amount of dust detail sanding with a MultiMaster, the dust collection port makes sense for some uses. A duct with a felt gasket fits around the drive end, with the felt resting against the back of the sanding head for a tight seal. One of the sanding heads has holes to funnel the dust through, and uses sandpaper with corresponding holes.
There is also a similar connection for the carbide grit abrasive head. A flat duct runs under the body of the MultiMaster and fits adapters at the rear for 1-1/16- and 1-1/4-inch vacuum hose connections. The dust collector worked well in use.
I was also impressed with Fein's new, nicer system case. It's large enough to hold all the accessories in separate, removable storage bins, with molded organizers to hold the tool and dust collection parts. It's well padded, sturdy, and ergonomically sound, a huge improvement over the previous case.
The MultiMaster I tested came in a kit called the "Top Kit." Along with the tool and dust collector, you also get large and small plunge-cutting blades, carbide grit grout saw and triangular grinder, a scraper blade, and two triangular sanding heads with an assortment of hook-and-loop sandpaper. The kit also includes a profile sanding kit with six rubber pads and sandpaper.
Of all the accessories, this profile sanding kit is my least favorite. It works, but the clothespin-type design of the sandpaper clamp makes it uncomfortable to use. Installing the sandpaper is somewhat difficult, and the whole thing is clumsy, making this accessory seem like an afterthought.
Of the other attachments, I used the scraper blade to remove a variety of tenacious materials in tight spaces, such as small pieces of linoleum under a toekick or some old varnish stuck in a crack. Everyone knows how hard it can be to sand in tight spaces, and this is where the triangular head shines. The curved-sided triangle let me get right into corners and along skinny ledges that other sanders would bounce away from. And the hook-and-loop paper makes it easy to flip the sandpaper around as a point or edge gets worn.
The gentle action of the carbide grit grout saw makes it easier to remove one tile without damaging adjacent tiles. And for the use that I originally bought my MultiMaster, the saw blades work superbly for plunge-cutting and for trimming installed casing to the level of new flooring.
There are a variety of tools available to fit the MultiMaster, and the old accessories will fit the new tool, but not vise versa. From wood rasps to diamond tile blades to polishing pads, there are accessories to help with all sorts of jobs that you may run into someday.
The Verdict
I've been sold on MultiMaster for many years, and the new version is even better. The upgraded features make this tool easier and even fun to use. This is still a detail tool, not a production tool, though; it excels at jobs like fine, controlled plunge cutting but will fall short trying to cut a 4-foot long straight line.
That said, the MultiMaster is highly recommended for finish work. Its versatility is unmatched, and I paid for my first one on the initial job I got it for. It can make an impossible job possible.
Fein Power Tools Inc.
Multimaster FMM 250 Q
Kit price: $399
Tool-Only Price: $269
David Getts is an architectural woodworker, remodeler, and author. He owns David Getts Design in Seattle.


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Zen Pinball Classics features a dazzling collection of four Zen Studios original pinball designs all upgraded for Pinball FX2. Shaman, El Dorado, Tesla and V12 have been re-mastered with updated graphics, superior ball physics, and a host of new features.
Click to create and send a link using your email application


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Toggle: English / Spanish
Absent pulmonary valve is a rare defect in which the pulmonary valve, through which oxygen-poor blood flows from the heart to the lungs (where it picks up oxygen) is either missing or poorly formed. This condition is present at birth (congenital).
Absent pulmonary valve syndrome; Congenital absence of the pulmonary valve; Pulmonary valve agenesis
Absent pulmonary valve occurs when the pulmonary valve doesn't form or develop properly while the baby is in the mother's womb. It often occurs as part of a rare condition called tetralogy of Fallot.
When the pulmonary valve is missing or does not work well, not enough blood can flow to the lungs to get oxygen.
There is also usually a hole between the left and right ventricles of the heart (ventricular septal defect). This defect will also lead to low-oxygen blood being pumped out to the body.
The skin will have a blue appearance (cyanosis), because the body's blood contains a low amount of oxygen.
Absent pulmonary valve also results in very enlarged (dilated) branch pulmonary arteries (the arteries that carry blood to the lungs). They can become so enlarged that they press on the tubes that bring air to the lungs (bronchi) and cause breathing problems.
Other heart defects that can occur with absent pulmonary valve include:
Heart problems that occur with absent pulmonary valve may be due to defects of the genes (chromosomes).
Symptoms can vary depending on which other defects the infant has, but may include:
Absent pulmonary valve may be diagnosed before the baby is born with a test that uses sound waves to create an image of the heart (echocardiogram).
During an examination, the doctor may hear a murmur in the infant's chest.
Tests for absent pulmonary valve include:
Infants who have breathing symptoms should have surgery as quickly as possible. Even infants without symptoms should have surgery within the first 3-6 months of life.
Depending on the type of other heart defects the infant has, surgery may involve:
Types of surgery for absent pulmonary valve include:
Infants with severe breathing symptoms may need to get oxygen or be put on a breathing machine (ventilator).
Without surgery, most infants who have severe lung complications will die.
Surgery can treat the condition and relieve symptoms in many cases.
Call your health care provider if your infant has symptoms of absent pulmonary valve. If you have a family history of heart defects, talk to your doctor before or during pregnancy.
Although there is no way to prevent this condition, families may be evaluated to determine their risk of congenital defects.
Park, MK. Park: Pediatric Cardiology for Practitioners. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby; 2008.
Nölke L, Azakie A, Anagnostopoulos PV, Alphonso N, Karl TR. The Lecompte maneuver for relief of airway compression in absent pulmonary valve syndrome. Ann Thorac Surg, 2006;81:1802-1807.
Brown JW, Ruzmetov M, Vijay P, Rodefeld MD, Turrentine MW. Surgical treatment of absent pulmonary valve syndrome associated with bronchial obstruction. Ann Thoracic Surg, 2006;82:2221-2226.
Bernstein D. Cyanotic congenital heart lesions: Lesions associated with decreased pulmonary blood flow. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman Re, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 19th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 424.
A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch)
The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997- 2013 A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.


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Robin Thicke's 'Blurred Lines' is most-'Shazamed' song of 2013
Listen to Robin Thicke on iHeartRadio
Robin Thicke's "Blurred Lines" is not only 2013's official "Billboard" Song of the Summer, it's also the year's most-tagged song on smartphone app Shazam.
The app, which allows users to identify song titles with its music-recognition technology, has released a list of the most frequently searched-for tracks. The list corresponds with success on the charts, as "Blurred Lines" still leads with the most consecutive weeks at number one on the Hot 100.
17.8 million Shazam users around the world tapped on the app when listening to "Blurred Lines" this year. The runner-up is Avicii's "Wake Me Up," followed by Macklemore and Ryan Lewis' "Thrift Shop" and "Can't Hold Us."
Other popular songs searched for on the app include current Hot 100 topper "Royals" by Lorde and Pink's "Just Give Me a Reason."


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Islanders clinched a playoff spot last night.
Islanders clinched a playoff spot last night.
"Since I've been with the Reds in 1989, we've never had a farm system this loaded," Bowden said. "If we were the New York Yankees and had unlimited dollars, we could have traded for Colon, (Jeff) Weaver, Rolen, (Cliff) Floyd, (Kenny) Rogers and Finley and gotten them all -- and still held onto our top five prospects. That's an amazing statement."
Gotta love how Shanahan suspends Dustin Brown right before Kings are to play his Red Wings
Well, Shanahan made sure Detroit won.
Aaron Portzline @Aportzline 3m
If #CBJ win final two games, and #mnwild gets less than two points (so, 0-2-0 or 0-1-1, nothing better) #CBJ would finish ahead of Wild.
Fil3232 (04-25-2013)
This has been a crazy NHL year. The Maple Leafs and Islanders both are playoff bound. The Wings might not make it in. It's aliens... blame it all on aliens.
hahaha this is what Brian Sutter said about the Dustin Brown hit:
"There was no intent," Sutter said. "The player ran into his elbow."
Isn't that like saying that Karlsson's achilles ran into Matt Cooke's skate?
Last edited by MikeThierry; 04-25-2013 at 08:00 AM.
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I wonder if we can use that app that came out to send the dev team or who ever the crashes and uses it to find holes for the next untethered or tethered jailbreak.
I hope someone will incorporate the 3G toggle on 5.0.1 through jailbreak. Having 3G enable all the time is definitely one of the main culprit of battery lost.
Man you scared me when i first read the title. Im at work and my 4S is at home still on 5.0. I think you need to be a little more clearer in your article that 5.1 has not been released yet and is still in beta.
Will I be able to use the SHSH to upgrade my iPad2 to 5.0.1 when the JB comes out?
I wonder about those on the iPad 2 with the 4.3.3 jailbreak
The battery is horrible on my 4s. I went to bed last night at 100% woke up at 26%. I wonder if 5.1 can really fix this considering the iPad 2 uses the same processor and uses 3 of these batteries. Now before you flame me I understand the display is larger on my iPad 2 but the battery lasts forever compared to my 4s. I will give up the battery fix for a untethered jb and hope their is a jb tweak eventually that fixes the battery issue.
My iPad is still jailbroken on 4.3.3, so I guess it's time to make the leap...
Will update tonight
I have 3 iPad 2's previously jailbroken on 4.3.3 and updated all of them to 5.0.1 in preparation for the jailbreak. I am back to stock on all 3 but worth not missing out on the 5.0.1 jailbreak when 5.1 drops.


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DIY: Do It Yourself
Post here to share or improve your wrench turning skills! All BMW E46 DIY tips, tales, and projects discussed inside. Learn to work on your car and know the right BMW parts you will need!
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xi front outer CV boot replacement help
I've searched and found little help with the front outer CV boot replacement on this forum. I'm hoping this thread will inspire the sharing of some new knowledge. I've looked through my Bently manual and they mention some very specific tools to accomplish the task, however I cannot find these tools anywhere on the web. Has anyone done this using the recommended tools (I would rather not beat things apart with a big hammer and screw driver). Thanks for any help you can provide.
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Okay, since nobody here was of any use on this project I took some initiative and tore into this project this weekend. Originally I was just going to replace my front outer boot but after some more reading decided to do the inner boot at the same time since it is only a $10 kit from pelicanparts.com
I contacted bimmertools.com about the hub puller and inner cv pry tool listed in the Bentley manual, the prices came back at $900 and $200 respectively. So instead, I went to toolsource.com and purchased the KD Tools universal heavy duty hub puller ($150)
Following the instructions in the Bentley manual got me to the point where I was supposed to use the BMW tool to remove the hub, I used the KD Tools puller and it worked like a charm. I then proceeded to remove the control arm mounts and got to the point the manual recommended using the inner CV pry tool to pull the innner axle out of the front differential. Instead, I gave the axle a good tug and the boot slid off the inner axle stub and the inner joint seperated easily so that I could completely remove the axle from the car.
I'm still waiting for the outer CV boot kit to get here, should be tonight; then I'll put it back together.
All in all, given my existing general tools I only needed the following to do both CV boots on the right front of my '02 xi:
1. Inner boot kit - $10
2. Outer boot kit - $10
3. Axle nut - $6
4. 18mm wrench (for one of the control arm mounts) - $11
5. Heavy Duty hub puller - $150
Overall time to complete this by myself should be about 3 to 4 hours when I'm all done.
Hope this helps some of you guys in the future - a shop I sometimes go to said the xi's tear through CV boots, so I think the $150 tool was a good investment as I will probably have this car for some time.
Is NOT A Mechanic
Join Date: Oct 2006
Location: NJ
Posts: 3,560
My Ride: F30
I'm glad you found an alternative.
FYI, we are a KD dealer as well, though we don't have a lot of their items listed. It is difficult to cross-reference the OE Service tools (what we quoted) and other brand's universal tools.
I'm very interested in checking this tool out, as it sounds like something we'd want to list. Can you provide the KD part number?
Thanks again for checking with us first - sorry we couldn't help at the time.
Bimmertools is under new ownership! Please welcome email@example.com.
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Registered User
Toolsource lists the manufacturer part number for the KD hub puller as 2251. If that's not correct you can look at it on their site with the following link:
If you guys start carrying this at bimmertools, you should post a follow-up in this thread as there are not a lot of threads on this site with details of CV boot replacement.
Is NOT A Mechanic
Join Date: Oct 2006
Location: NJ
Posts: 3,560
My Ride: F30
We can get that part - I'll be adding it to our catalog. Our price will meet or beat the $150 mark.
Thanks so much for the information! There are a lot of specialty jobs that I'm personally unfamiliar with. Having access to all the required tools is only part of the job. I'm learning something new everyday.
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Overall I would say this was a moderately difficult task that was made much easier by having the proper tools. As I mentioned in my post, I have a fairly common set of metrick wrenches and sockets, as well as an air wratchet, but the specialty tools you will need include:
-36mm 12pt socket for the axle nut
-18mm wrench for the front ball joint (I couldn't get a socket to fit)
-some small torx bits to get the headlight arm off the control arm if you have the xenon lights (you'll find the bolt has a place for the torx bit so you can keep it from spinning while you take the nut off with a wrench
-a metric alan head socket to take the brake pulse sensor out
-the KD tools universal puller to separate the hub from the axle
-a set of special pliers for crimping the CV boot clamps
-lots and lots of shop towels to wipe away a lot of grease
Once you have the tools you will need the parts (I used realoem.com to look up the part numbers and then ordered the parts from pelicanparts.com):
-Front inner CV boot kit
-Front outer CV boot kit
-Axle nut
The Bentley manual was helpful, but since I had never done this before I was left to figure a couple things out on my own that I don't think were well explained in the manual.
First thing you will want to do (after your car is jacked/supported and the wheel in question is removed) is take a hammer and punch (or screwdriver) and pound out where the axle nut is staked. Then use your 36mm socket and an air ratchet to loosen remove the nut.
Next follow all the instructions in the Bently to remove various parts from the control arm and remove your brake caliper (suspending from the suspension springs with zip ties keeps it out of the way nicely. I didn't think I would need to remove the aluminum heat sheild, but I ended up needing to in order to get to the rear control arm bushing mount. (There are two small screws, one in the wheel well and one further back under the car; I really had to pull to get the heat shield out)
After that, you can remove the control arm bushing and the front ball joint from the frame of the car and the it should just hang from the hub.
Finally, use the hub puller to press the axle back through the hub (I used a long metal bar wedged through the puller resting on the floor, to keep the puller from spinning while I pressed the axle out).
Once you have seperated the axle from the hub (pulled out the back) rather than following the process of pulling the axle stub out of the transmission with another $200 tool, I simply grabbed the axle and gave it a couple good tugs. The inner CV boot pulled off the transaxle stub and I was able to remove the outer axle from the car. Since this method separates the inner CV joint, you should definately replace both boots at the same time. Make sure you take the adapter out of the inner boot (adapts the triangular transaxle to the round boot) as you will need to reuse it.
Now you will need to place the center axle in a vice and remove the boot clamps from both joints. Slide the outer boot (big end of the boot) back and hit the large part of the stub with a hammer to separate it off of the center axle. Then you can remove both boots off of this axles; and you will need to wipe out all the grease. The boot kits I bought said not to use brake cleaner but rather wash the parts with soap and water. Once both joints and all axle parts are clean, take the new circlip and slide it down into the groove in the outer axle stub joint. You can then slide the boots back on and pack the grease into the joints but don't tighten the clamps. Next you put the outer CV joint back together and hammer the outer axle stub back onto the center until the clip snaps into place inside the joint. Next tighten down the large clamp on the outer boot, and manipulate the joint in every direction; then tighten the small clamp.
Noe you can slide the axle back into the (cleaned) transaxle and get the outer axle stub started into the hub. Slide the adapter and boot onto the transaxle and tighten clamp. Squeeze the inner boot to burp the air out and then tighten the small clamp. Now comes the part I had the most difficulty with; I took a foot long 4"x4" board and used a small 3 pound sledge hammer to pound the hub back onto the outer axle stub far enough to get then nut threaded about half way on (it took a lot of pounding and some pretty hard shots). Finally I thightened the nut as much as I could with an air ratchet, and reassembled the rest of the car. I put the wheel back on and lowered the car so that the wheel was supporting the weight of the car; then I used a 1/2 torque wrench and the 36mm socket set to 185ft/lbs (as high as it would go) and then I tightened the nut as much as I possibly could. The torque wrench indicated 185ft/lbs and I still got almost another full turn of the nut after that point. Finally, stake the new nut and put the wheel center cap in.
I wouldn't think you would need to get an alignment done after this, but I had done some rear suspension work at the same time so I took my car in for a four wheel alignment when I was done.
All in all, when I was done it was probably a four hour job and I spent about $25 in total parts. I spent about $200 in tools, but I believe these will be a good investment and overall the total cost including tools was still cheaper than an indi shop would charge you to do a single boot.
Registered User
This is an awesome write-up! Thanks for the info! I am curious as to the method of tightening the clamps on the CV boots. Is it just like a regular hose clamp? I know some boot rings take a special ring-tightening tool. Is that the case with these? I don't have the parts yet, otherwise I would be able to tell. Thanks!
'02 330xi
Springfield, IL
Registered User
For the clamps that will come with the kit you will need a special set of crimping pliers. I got mine from bavauto.com, but I've also e-mailed firstname.lastname@example.com about a couple other tools and he has been great to work with; he can probably get these for you as well and will probably beat bavauto's price.
I've heard of other people replacing the factory clamps with regular hose clamps, but it seems like you get a better squeeze with the factory ones, and I'm not one to swap out to cheaper parts on a BMW. I guess it would be up to your preference.
Registered User
Well, I attempted this repair this weekend. I ran into a road block when trying to remove the axle from the hub. No matter how much pressure I put on it with the hub puller, the axle would not push out of the hub. I called my indy and they said that it was a one-in-a-million chance that the axle would be stuck. They said every car they have ever worked on (that has <60k miles on it) they are usually able to just tap the axle out with an air hammer no problem. Just my luck. Well, now I have the car put back together and i'm taking it to my indy to have them fix it. So much for saving that $300!
'02 330xi
Springfield, IL
Registered User
Join Date: Jan 2008
Location: MD
Posts: 593
My Ride: E60 528xi
Sure does seem like a lot of work! I know that one of my CV boots is pinched but not torn... yet. I was thinking about doing it myself but, I think I might just suck it up and let an indy shop take care of it for me.
Registered User
Join Date: Jan 2008
Location: Clifton Park, New York
Posts: 3,651
My Ride: 2009 E90, 2011 F10
dont wait too long to replace a slightly torn boot or else you will be rebuilding or replacing the whole half axle like i had to.. once it clicks.. it has quit.
2013 EB 335i xdrive | Msport | Coral | DHP | ZPP | ZCW | ZTP | 400M | Coded | MPerformance Bits | M3 Grills | Painted Reflectors | BMS Exhaust Tips | LED Turn Signals
2011 JB 535i xdrive | ZPP | ZSP | ZCW | 6FL | NAV | 331s Square | MPerformance Spoiler | M5 Grills | Painted Reflectors
Registered User
Join Date: Jan 2008
Location: MD
Posts: 593
My Ride: E60 528xi
so short of getting under the car what are the signs to look for when the cv boot actually rips? grease leaking on the floor? weird noise? I've got a warranty that will be up in a few thousand miles and they don't want to replace the boots now because they are not "failed" one is just pinched.....
Registered User
check the inside of the wheel. Once the boot rips, grease will sling all over the inside of the wheel. Its lovely!
'02 330xi
Springfield, IL
Registered User
Registered User
Registered User
'02 330xi
Springfield, IL
Registered User
Join Date: Sep 2007
Location: Ottawa
Posts: 1
My Ride: 325xit
I have done both sides on my XIT. You do not need to remove the control arm or any ball joints. You just remove the hub from the strut. There is enough room to get the axle out from there. The first one I did, I removed the rear of the control arm. The other one, I did not.
The biggest pain in the ass is getting the outer axle back into the hub. This is a major pain in the ass. I fought with both sides for a while to get it enough in to start the nut.
Registered User
Join Date: Jan 2008
Location: ohio
Posts: 12
My Ride: 2003 - 325xi
My Experiance changing shafts.
I was having a terrible vibration from the front end of my car during acceleration. I checked the shafts and they both could be shook and rattled when moved by hand. So I bought the axle kit from Groton through ebay. Great deal. Lifetime warranty So I searched the forums for a how to change the front axles. There are a few different write ups on this. But there was more detail needed since I never done this to a BMW before. I would like to share my experience with you so that maybe it will be easier for the next guy. To start off I want to say it took me 2 days to figure out the first side (passenger). It took me 1 hour to do the second side. Big difference. I am writing this after the fact so the sizes of sockets are not exact.
Tools needed were:
1)Big Hammer and medium hammer
2)Metric alan wrench set (small to medium).
3)Metric socket set 10-19mm
4)Big flat tip screw driver
5) 36mm 12 point socket for axle nut.
6) ½ Impact wrench and air compressor
Special Tools Needed.
1)2 foot ¾ or 1 inch steel bar for pounding.
2)2 foot 2x4 for pounding
3)small hydraulic jack for lifting the control arm back up.
4)small bucket 12 to 15 inches high with lid to let the control arm / hub sit on.
5) Knee Pads.
OK, Break loose the lugs on the front wheels.
Jack up the car and set it on Good sturdy jack stands.
Take wheels off. Do 1 side at a time.
Take the brake caliper of using the 13 or14mm bolts (2 of them), not the allen head bolts. The whole caliper with the brakes and the brake sensor if you got one should come off together. Keep them together it makes it very easy to put back on. Use the bucket to sit it on until you decide to hang it with a piece of wire from the spring.
Use the impact wrench and the 13 or 14mm socket to take the bolt from the middle of the strut that holds that 12 inch connecter to the front support. If you do not have a impact that bolt is hard to get off you will need a wrench and allen wrench to do it.
Now is a good time to use that big screwdriver and the smaller hammer to bend the axle nut back to normal so you can get it off with the big 12 point socket. I used a breaker bar and a 4 foot pipe to get it loose. Watch you dont knock the car off of the jack stands.
Take the bolt(15 or 16mm) out of the back bottom of the strut(this holds it to the control arm) using the impact wrench. It is on there tight. Pull it all the way out. At this time the hub and lower control might fall down a little. You will need that bucket again to catch the whole thing as it drops. You might have to bounce that big hammer on it a couple of times. Be sure not to damage anything. The hub will flop toward you when it comes off. Use that bucket. Pull the hub toward you.
Now you can get that steel bar and place it in the hub on the end of the axle where you took the nut off. Use the big hammer and knock the axle back through the hub. Be sure not to hit the bearing in the hub. The axle should pop through after about 10 hits.
Push the axle toward the motor to close it up. It should move enough so you can pull the hub end up out of the hub completely. This is where I got stuck, trying to figure out how to get the axle out of the differential without knocking the clip off the axle and into the diff. I discovered if you crawl under the car and take the plastic cover off you can get that pipe up in there and place it on the back of the fat part of that axle where the bearings are and hit it with the hammer. It will come right out and the clip will still be on it. Take that clip off without bending it open. You will need it for the new shaft. The clip that comes with the new one is too big. I could not get the new shaft in with those clips. So I put the old clips on new shafts. They are smaller!!!!!!!
Input: Now when you handle the new shafts keep them pushed together while inserting them in the car. They will come apart if you jerk them outward and you dont want that. Now place the axle in the hole and slide it into the teeth of the differential gear. Be sure not to catch the boot on anything and tear it. You know you are in the gear when the wheels want to turn as you turn the shaft. To get it the rest of the way in you will need that 2x4 I mentioned earlier. Put the end of the board against the boot where it is clamped onto the shaft. Make sure you got no extra boot under the board. The board should be directly against the thick of that back section of the bearings holder. I dont know what it is called, it could be called joint guide or something. Push it tight and then give it a couple of taps with the hammer. You might have to hit it pretty good. But,,,,,try not to tear that boot!!!!!!!
Once you got that in you home free. Just lift the hub side of the shaft up and into the hub. Push the hub into the shaft. you might need to tap it in also. Now use that little jack to jack up the control arm while you shake the bottom of the strut into the hub. It might take a couple of trys to get it in right. There is a guide pin on the back of the strut that goes down into the hub. Make sure it is down in there all the way. Put the bolt back in with the brake hose holder.
I wont go through the rest it is just a reversal of taking it apart.
I hope this helps anyone who has to change front shafts on an XI.
By the way the shake is all gone and she rides like new again.
03 325xi
Registered User
Join Date: Jul 2009
Location: marlboro, NJ
Posts: 2
My Ride: 2001 325xi
replace front CV inner/outer boots for 325xi
I just replaced the front cv inner and outer boot on both driver and passenger side for my 2001 325xi.
I read a lot of posts before I started so I want to share my experience as well.
Tools needed:
-36mm 12pt socket for the axle nut
-18mm wrench and 16mm wrench for control arm
-some small torx bits to get the headlight arm off the control arm if you have the xenon lights (you'll find the bolt has a place for the torx bit so you can keep it from spinning while you take the nut off with a wrench
-KD Tools (KD 3955) CV Boot Clamp Tool (I got it from NAPA)
-Flange FWD axle puller (rent from Autozone OEM# 27037 for free)
-OEM slide Hammer flange (rent from Autozone OEM#27032 for free, the box shows rear axle puller)
-Breaker bar and socket wrench
-lots and lots of shop towels to wipe away a lot of grease
Once you have the tools you will need the parts (I used realoem.com to look up the part numbers and then ordered the parts from pelicanparts.com):
-Front inner CV boot kit
-Front outer CV boot kit
-Axle nut
-The Bentley manual
1. The puller:
I saw people use KD Tools 2251 Heavy-Duty Universal Wheel Hub Puller or 3 jaw gear puller, or just hammer.
The Universal Wheel Hub Puller is a little expensive so I rented "Front Hub Puller with Spare Locknut" from Autozone.
You can see the picture here:
OEM Front Wheel Drive Hub Puller
But the diameter is a little bit small for my car, so I rent "OTC (OTC7792) Flange Type Axle Puller Attachment"
The rear axle puller does not come with a bolt, so I use the bolt from FWD axle puller with the rear axle puller and
make it a perfect axle puller. Normally, I use 3 lug nuts to fix the puller on the hub and tight the bolt in the middle
to push the axle out. But my axle on the passenger side is too tight, when I tight the screw, the puller and the hub keep
spinning. So what I do is: I fix the bolt on the puller with nut. And then screw the lug nut on the hub. I tight the 3 lug nuts
with Breaker bar while use socket wrench to fix the bolt in the middle. When the lug nuts are all screwed in, I removed the
puller from the hub and screw the middle bolt in 0.5 inch and fix it, then tight the 3 lugs again. In this way, I successfully
removed my axle from the hub.
2. the boot clamp of GKN Loebro
The inner boot clamp of GKN Loebro axle boot kit is too thick and too hard to bend. Even I bought the clamp tool, I
can not tight the clamp. Even I tightened them, The gease was still leaking. So I ended up replace the big clamps with the
one I bought from NAPA to solved the problem.
The outer boot clamp of GKN Loebro axle boot kit is too soft. I broke one clamp into 2 with my clamp tool when I tight the clamp.
The steps:
1. jack up the car and remove the wheels.
2. take a hammer and punch (or screwdriver) and pound out where the axle nut is staked.
Then use your 36mm socket and Breaker bar to loose the axle nut. When I loose the nut, I need another one to step on the brake
to prevent the axle from spinning.
3. remove brake caliper and bracket. Hang caliper from strut spring using a stiff wire (a bent hanger will do).
Remove brake rotor. Remove the dust shield under the car, remove the aluminum heat sheild under the passenger side,
(I really had to pull to get the heat shield out)
4.Remove the ABS Pulse Generator Sensor, headlight arm off the control arm on the passenger side.
5. remove stabilizer Hex nut from stut
6. loose 2 18mm HEX bolts of control arm with 18mm wrench
7. remove 2 16mm Hex bolt of control arm bushing from the frame. Now the control arm just hang on the hub with ball joint connected.
the stut, the hub and the axle are loose.
8. use my own axle puller to push the axle toward the transmission and out of the hub.
9. Once you have seperated the axle from the hub, in stead of pulling the axle stub out of the transmission, I simply grabbed the axle and
gave it a couple good tugs. The inner CV boot pulled off the transaxle stub and I was able to remove the outer axle from the car.
Since this method separates the inner CV joint, you should definately replace both boots at the same time.
Make sure you take the adapter out of the inner boot (adapts the triangular transaxle to the round boot) as you will need to
reuse it.
10. Remove the boot clamps from both joints. Slide the outer boot (big end of the boot) back and hit the large part of the stub
with a hammer to separate it off of the center axle. Then you can remove both boots off of this axles; and you will need to wipe out all the grease.
Remove the old circlip with screw driver.
Once both joints and all axle parts (balls and bowl) are clean,
11. You can then slide the boots back on and pack the grease into the joints but don't tighten the clamps.
take the new circlip amke it as small as the axle
and slide it down into the groove in the outer axle stub joint. If the circlip is too big, you can not slide it in to the Axle shaft stub.
(I broke 3 circlips when I hammer the outer axle stub back onto the center, and the car generate noise if the circlip is not working.)
Next you put the outer CV joint back together and hammer the outer axle stub back onto the center until
the clip snaps into place inside the joint. Next tighten down the large clamp on the outer boot,
and manipulate the joint in every direction; then tighten the small clamp.
12. Noe you can slide the axle back into the (cleaned) transaxle and get the outer axle stub started into the hub.
Slide the adapter and boot onto the transaxle and tighten clamp. Squeeze the inner boot to burp the air out and then tighten
the small clamp.
13. put the 36mm 12pt socket and an old 5'' 1/2 socket extension on the hub and used a small 5 pound sledge hammer to pound
the extension to make hub back onto the outer axle stub far enough to get then nut threaded about half way on
(it took a lot of pounding and some pretty hard shots and I damaged the extension).
14. Finally I tightened the nut with 2 lug nut on the hub and use a long screw driver or pry bar to stop hub from spinning.
15. reinstall the control arm, stabilizer, ABS Pulse Generator Sensor, brake rotor and caliper. Then tight the 36mm axle nut as much as I can
with another one step on the brake. and stake the nut.
16. put on the wheel.
That's all. I spent a lot of time to deal with the circlip and clamp on the inner boot. Other than that, everything goses
quite smooth. Because of the circlip, I had to order extra boots and bough some generic cv boot clips from local NAPA store.
Last edited by liuczh; 07-17-2009 at 10:49 AM.
Registered User
Join Date: Nov 2008
Location: West Haven, CT, USA
Posts: 2,047
My Ride: '01 330xi - '09 IS-F
This will make it easier.
2001 BMW 330xi
2009 Lexus IS-F
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text:
November 26, 2007
Dear FOS11 Member,
A traveling exhibition that pays tribute to the victims and heroes of September 11, 2001 will be crossing the nation to build support for the creation of the National September 11 Memorial & Museum at the World Trade Center. The exhibition tells the story of 9/11 from the perspective of families, responders, survivors, volunteers and everyday people who came together on that terrible day and in the agonizing weeks that followed. It includes photographs, artifacts, a short film, and a detailed timeline of the events of 9/11.
Individuals and communities across the country will also have the chance to contribute directly to this historic effort by signing a steel beam that will be used in the construction of the National September 11 Memorial.
The national tour is part of a grassroots awareness and fundraising effort to involve as many Americans as possible in contributing to the National Memorial & Museum that will honor the innocent lives lost on September 11, 2001 and February 26, 1993 and preserve the memory of the events for future generations. For more information on the National September 11 Memorial & Museum and details of the national tour, please visit: www.national911memorial.org
WHERE: 20th St (Between 8th Ave N and Park Place) Next to Linn ParkBirmingham, AL
WHEN:Tribute Exhibition will be open to the publicDecember 6th10:00AM - 6:00PM
Opening ceremonies at 10:00AM. Families interested in attending the opening ceremonies may RSVP to Erin Duggan at (212) 445-8238 or firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
Country stars on 'Maxim' Hot 100 list
A few country women are getting recognized for their beauty. Maxim magazine is teasing their upcoming Hot 100 list by revealing a few of the lovely ladies who've made the cut, and Carrie Underwood, Kacey Musgraves, and Kellie Pickler are among those getting the nod.
Kacey is landing at number 70, while Carrie has the number 56 spot.
Maxim's Hot 100! What up #70 @MaximMag #MaximHot100 http://t.co/avhnrXX98i Thanks fer votin'
— KACEY MUSGRAVES (@KaceyMusgraves) May 19, 2014
Kellie is in the top half of the list, falling in at number 46. Billy Ray Cyrus' daughter, Miley -- last year's leader -- is at number 25 this year, while Shakira, Beyonce, and Christina Aguilera are also among the 19 women on the list.
Rihanna has the highest rank, taking the number eleven spot.
Maxim's full reader-voted Hot 100 list will be unveiled next month.
Photo Credit Getty Images


text:
A recent tip on flower photography [1] brought to mind my own experience taking pictures of the flowers in our yard. However, since these pictures were taken without the benefit of any photographic skill or knowledge, this article contains no information on composition, focal length, shutter speed, or any other artistic or technical detail. I just point, shoot, and hope for the best. If the technical expertise that you're accustomed to seeing here is what you're seeking, you may want to visit our digital photo archives [2].
All of these pictures were taken with relatively inexpensive point and shoot cameras. I don't remember the make or model of the first camera, but the one currently in use is a Canon PowerShot SD750. Since almost all of these photos are detail shots, it was exciting to get a camera with a macro lens. However, since I didn't know what a macro lens was, that discovery was purely accidental.
Following failed attempts at portraits, landscapes, and various other types of photography, I finally settled on flowers. My wife's green thumb plays a significant role in the outcome, as we always have beautiful flowers to photograph. The inherent beauty of flowers, and the fact that they don't fidget or become self-conscious subjects, also helps.
The best photos are generally those taken shortly after sunrise, due in part to the gentle caress of the morning dew.
Early morning shots and ones taken just before sunset also offer light and shadow effects not available any other time of day. Of course, these effects can be manufactured, but the proximity of the subjects makes it possible to wait for nature to provide the proper lighting.
In some cases, the flowers are too small to be observed without the close scrutiny achieved by crawling around in the flower beds. However, the macro lens made it possible to capture the tiny blossoms below.
Occasionally, a visitor unknowingly sits for a portrait.
One of the key advantages to digital photography is the opportunity to take a nearly unlimited number of photos. Keep what you want and delete the rest. In my case, for each one kept, dozens, (at least) were discarded. So, the best of these is more the result of persistence and luck of the draw, than of photographic skill.
With no training in photography, I have no idea what qualifies as a good photo to a discriminating audience. I only know what looks good to me. What I have discovered however, is that subjects for photographs are all around us. Images captured here were always there in our yard, just a few steps from the front door. I'd just never noticed.


text:
Download bt4 pre final. It is a lot better and has many more improvement. If your are unable or incapable to d/l bt4pf for yourself then you should stop there bc bt4 or any linux distro requires an ability to learn. It is not easy for a noob and if you're just going to ask questions every step of the way then this is not the right forum for you.
Goto the ubuntu forum since bt4pf is based upon ubuntu 8.10. Most questions about anything other than hacking can be answered there.
Also, I recommend that you read the "Idiots Corner" section of this forum to understand what types of things not to say that will get you banned. Too many people are too dumb to read the rules of the forum before they agree to it.
Learn to research on your own. Your qyestions would have already been answered if you searched it first and you would have found out that bt4pf was your better bet than bt3. Stop wasting your time with bt3 unless you have a specific reason for using it, but being that you are a noob then I doubt you do.


text:
The Industrial Internet of Things
Should industrial users embrace IP networking? It promises convergence of many technologies, but is it necessary or even beneficial? An examination of why and why not, what, and how.
Editor's note: While the concepts related to the Internet of Things are much in the news for consumer applications and products, does this technology belong in the industrial space? Herman Storey sees potential for major benefits, but only if the technology is applied correctly. Storey is co-chair of ISA100 and has been involved in many networking standards groups throughout his career. He offers these thoughts as a starting point for an ongoing dialog. His comments are followed by views from two others.
Concepts referred to as the Internet of Things (IoT) and machine to machine (M2M) communications have attracted a lot of publicity, many interest groups, and many face-to-face meetings. IoT refers to the increasing connectivity of objects of all kinds, from home appliances to devices used in industrial applications, either to the Internet or some kind of Internet-like structure. The general idea behind this effort is that any smart devices should be able to communicate with each other or with human interfaces anywhere on the planet—thus driving improvements in productivity.
Industrial M2M networks are mature and widely deployed, even though some M2M publicity implies that the concept is new. These industrial networks can benefit from IoT technology if done correctly, but could also suffer if done with a lack of planning and caution. This discussion will propose some general principles for applying IoT to industrial automation systems. To differentiate this from the web-based efforts and call attention to industrial needs, this will be called the Industrial Internet of Things (I2oT).
I2oT must give priority to security, robustness, and timeliness requirements of automation networks while providing for remote access as a secondary requirement.
Why and why not
For the world of automation, I2oT represents the opportunity for partial convergence of industrial automation communication on a grand scale. It will allow improvements in functionality, security, flexibility, ease of use, and cost savings. In the long run, it will be good for vendors and users. It will be good for the whole automation industry, and all who embrace the technology will benefit.
In the short run, this is disruptive technology. It will require changes and will threaten entities that do not have the resources or leadership to make the changes. It will cross organizational lines and blur distinctions between foundations. The challenges of realizing the benefits of this technology will be more organizational in nature than technical. In fact, the technical challenges are minor by comparison. As of now, the effort to incorporate I2oT technology into the world of industrial automation does not have a home or a clear statement of reason for being. This is not for the faint of heart or the impatient.
What is it?
The intent of this discussion is to provide a model for I2oT. It is oversimplified but should form the basis for more discussion and definition. This is not a proposal for a massive amount of research into new communication technology. It is a plea to use what we already have in a rational manner. A lot of assembly is required and some gaps need to be filled.
Essential elements—I2oT will provide a means to integrate multiple physical media and multiple applications into a single system of industrial networks utilizing some common technology. I2oT is not a converged single stack with a single application layer or a single physical media. Indeed, one physical medium will not serve all installation requirements, and we need more than one application layer to serve all use cases.
This discussion may miss some elements but should serve to stimulate discussion to fill in the gaps. The major elements are shown in the following illustration and discussed below.
Applications—At the top of the communication stack, we have many application layers (and some user layers that may or may not be a part of the application layer depending on philosophical prejudice). It can easily be argued that we have many more application layers than necessary, but the argument is irrelevant because they now exist and constitute a large installed base. It is also arguable that one new application layer will not displace all of the existing application layers. Each application layer has strengths and weaknesses that allow each one to fill a market niche. It is simpler and more reasonable to assume that multiple interfaces are necessary and that we should expect to support all of them when considering the future of industrial communications technology.
IPv6—If I2oT supports all existing media and application layers (and it should), what is converged by I2oT? The answer is simple: in the world of I2oT, all protocols would use Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) as the network layer of the communication stack. IPv6 has an extension called 6LoWPAN that will allow this network layer to be used on low power and/or bandwidth-limited networks. It was originally designed for use with battery-powered radio networks, but is suitable for wired networks as well. IPv6 with 6LoWPAN literally gives a protocol the ability to address and route messages to and from any device on the planet to any other device on the planet. Any media should be able to support IP, and any application should be able to run on top of IP, and many already do.
Use of a common and capable network layer will allow the first phase of convergence including the sharing of media by multiple applications and the selection of the optimum media and application for any particular task without the need for separate infrastructure.
Physical media include:
- Single and multiple twisted-pair wires
- Coax cable
- Single- and multi-mode fiber
- Many types of radio
- Acoustic, and
- Infrared.
PHY/MAC specifications exist for these media types and do not need reinvention. All of these types of media should continue to be supported. However, many of these physical- and link-layer specifications are now tied to a single application layer by many protocols. This linkage needs to be broken, and it can be broken quite easily. Furthermore, the linkage should be broken in a way that any media can be shared by multiple applications.
Installations that have high latency and low bandwidth because of physical limitations (such as distance) will require some differences in the layers above IP as well as possibly placing limitations on the media that can be used. There are some shortcuts and simplifications that can be made when networks have direct high-speed/low latency links.
A communication stack model that has multiple options at the top and multiple options at the bottom but a single network layer is sometimes called an hourglass model, or a Hedy Lamarr model for history buffs who remember she invented and patented direct sequence spread spectrum technology during World War II.
Switching and routing—Switched networks are the technology of choice. Protocols that do not support switching and routing need to be upgraded, and the common network layer will aid in that step. Point-to-point and multi-drop busses will need gateways to communicate in the new world, but new networks should simply be able to connect to a switch or router. In this model, switches or routers can accomplish media conversion without a gateway.
With the right switching and routing technology, it may be possible to incorporate IPv4 as an additional option for the network layer. It is worth investigating.
Common sense of time—A common sense of time is necessary in real-time networks for event tagging, scheduling of communications and applications, and security. The best time to use is GMT or TAI (which can be converted to local time for human interface). A simple time counter or local time will lead to problems in system implementation and maintenance, and could degrade security. Some protocols need an upgrade.
Unfortunately, time synchronization is not so easily standardized because of differing needs of networks and applications. Where time synchronization requirements are fairly lax, SNTP can be used. Many networks and some applications require synchronization at the millisecond level, and a variety of methods are used for this purpose. This is an area of standards development.
Tokens should not be used for scheduling. A proper clock in each device will eliminate the need and allow more efficient and robust scheduling mechanisms. Tokens may be used for some non-scheduled bus control (TCP), but in general tokens and industrial communications should not go together. More networks will require an upgrade.
Architecture—ISA100.15 has published a document that gives models and terminology for architectures suitable for I2oT. It does not spell out in detail how elements of the architecture should be implemented; it just identifies and gives examples of what they do. More detail is needed if some degree of interoperability is to be achieved with I2oT.
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I personally agree with Herman that a single physical medium will not serve all requirements. Just like our home and office need both Ethernet and USB, and both Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, the plant environment needs both Ethernet and fieldbus, and Wi-Fi and WirelessHART.
IPv6 is not necessary for IIoT. What is required, by definition, is that each device ('thing') has a unique identifier. An IPv6 address is one way of uniquely identifying a device. FOUNDATION fieldbus and WirelessHART and other industrial protocols have unique IDs that work just as well. Plants built on these technologies are in a good position to move to IIoT when the time is right.
I agree that many industrial protocols already exist in plants connecting millions of devices. These devices lay the foundation for the IIoT so any developments in IIoT need to be backwards compatible with these devices and networks to ensure speedy acceptance of IIoT paradigm where these devices are accessed remotely from other offices.
What is required to make data flow freely from sensors to the enterprise is communication without barriers. This requires that the application protocol which is used over IP networks is the same as the fieldbus application protocol used by devices that sit on automation networks like FOUNDATION fieldbus, WirelessHART, Modbus/RTU, PROFIBUS-DP, and DeviceNet etc. That is, the corresponding application layer protocol used across Ethernet and other IP network are FF-HSE, HART-IP, Modbus/TCP, PROFINET, and EtherNet/IP respectively. By using the underlying fieldbus protocol with the corresponding Ethernet protocol the data can flow freely and unobstructed without gateways, drivers, and data mapping etc. A simple linking device is all that is required to connect Ethernet to a fieldbus. This in turn enables intelligent device management (IDM) remotely:
Upgrading fieldbus protocols to use IP at device level would mean all the fieldbus protocols would have to be changed. Manufacturers would have to maintain two concurrent versions of the fieldbus device (in addition to the 4-20 mA/HART and WirelessHART versions) since existing plants already use these. At the instrument level IP adds little or no value (since devices already are uniquely identified and can be accessed remotely through an IP linking device) so it may not make sense to change all these protocols creating new versions of all of them.
I agree we should use the existing application layer protocols rather than creating new protocols. Indeed it is possible to create IP devices that support multiple application protocols. For instance one application communicates with the device using HART-IP, another application uses FF-HSE, a third application using PROFINET, and a fourth application using Modbus/TCP – all from the same device, all applications getting the same data but through a different IP port. This requires the multi-protocol solution is implemented as intended, like on Ethernet and Wi-Fi, where the application protocols access the device directly through their assigned IP ports, not by "tunneling" across another application protocol of some type.
The way whereby devices are identified to humans in the industry is by "tag" name. So device tag is the logical way whereby devices shall located in the IIoT. Existing industrial networks like FOUNDATION fieldbus and WirelessHART already support locating devices using device tag. That is, a device is identified as for example 51-PT-101; humans do not need to know the address of the device. These protocols are the foundation of the IIoT. Plants built on these technologies are in a good position to move to IIoT when the time is right.
Modern protocols like FOUNDATION fieldbus already support communication of real-time and non-real-time data in separate timeslots such that non-real-time data does not delay real-time data.


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Last updated November 21st, 2005
Eclipse Foundation projects use the EPL as its default license.
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{INITIAL COPYRIGHT OWNER} is the copyright owner that created the initial content. If the content is subsequently modified and appended to by other copyright owners, the words "and others" are typically appended. So for example: "XYZ Corp." or "XYZ Corp. and others". The words "and others" are used to avoid having to list every copyright owner and because often, most of the content in the file was contributed the by initial copyright owner with subsequent modifications by others being smaller. However especially if the number of copyright owners is small (e.g. two), there is nothing wrong with listing all of them especially if their contributions are more proportionately equal. For example: "XYZ Corp., John Smith, and ABC Enterprises."
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Pacific Rim Championship
Since it first fielded a national team in 1990, USA Hockey has watched its player development pool grow steadily, reflecting the ever-increasing popularity of the sport among women in the country.
The 1996 national team has had three opportunities to train together this year, including the most recent training camp held in Colorado Springs at the end of March. The final 1996 roster of 20 players was selected from this camp.
Twenty-six players attended the camp with 17 returning from the 1995 squad, seven of those were competing for a spot on their fifth consecutive national team, and an additional seven battling for their first-ever appearance.
At the helm of Team USA for the first time is head coach Julie Andeberhan, who has previously served as an assistant coach for the 1995 Women's Select Team and the 1995 Women's Select Under-18 Team. While she is a relatively new face behind the bench, Andeberhan knows what it takes to compete in the international arena - she was a member of the 1990 squad that captured a silver medal at the inaugural Women's World Championship.
Tim Gerrish, head coach of the men's ice hockey team at North Country Community College, and Jack Kirrane, a member of the gold medal-winning 1960 U.S. Olympic Team, will serve as first-time assistants for the 1996 women's team.
For more information:
André Brin Director, Communications | Directeur, relations médias


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East Coast Fight Factory Presents "Battles Zone " Sat 31st Aug 2013 - Wisbech
A night of MMA & K1 Bouts. TICKETS Only £25
Sponsored By: Warrior Dating
Doors Open @ 5:00pm - First Fight 7:00pm
If you can help with fighters email email@example.com or Call/Text 07854475368 for more info.
Show info @ www.fightfactorys.com


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White, Blue and Purple Belts.
There are less than 100 places left so get those entries in before it's too late.
Brown and Black belts.
Free entry. If you are interested in competing please e-mail the following information to email@example.com
Weight Category:
mobile no:
Repechage used so all competitors will get a minimum of two fights
75% of competitors will get a minimum of three fights
The categories will be completed and the medals presented by 6.00pm
We will provide bleacher seating for 200+ spectators
A warm-up area will be provided for the competitors
Weigh-in times and the competitors list will be posted online at least 5 days before the event
Results will be posted online within 24 hours of the event.
Event information and links to online entry can be found here http://www.thecombatacademy.com/HO13.html
Please spread the word!


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'"I came out of there thinking, 'Huh, this might take a while,'" Pominville said. "Now you start hearing guys saying the whole season might be lost and stuff like that. I'm still one of those that wants to stay optimistic we'll get it done. Hopefully, it's sooner than later. I wouldn't be surprised if it takes a while."'
Locked-out Sabres pursuing new jobs
September 27, 2012 Submitted by
Via: Niagara Gazette


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First generation BMW X1 availbe as a X1 28i with either sDrive (RWD) or xDrive (AWD) or the US exclusive I6 N55 powered X1 35i xDrive.
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Its Finally Here!
Well after a little bit of waiting around, I was able to take delivery of my new X1 yesterday. I received it with only 8 miles on the clock, but now I have 66. I managed to increase my odometer by a factor of 8 in just one evening.
So far I am generally very pleased; I quickly got used to the funky joystick shifter, and have set up my bluetooth calling and universal garage door opener buttons without much fuss. I don't have to deal with the Auto Start/Stop function as it will be a long time yet before the temperature here reaches the minimum 37°F for that process to work. But when it does, I'll disable the system... it's not for me.
I am loving the adaptive headlights! I sat stopped in the middle of the street, with my lights focused on a garage door down the road, turning the steering wheel slightly left and right and watching the headlights follow suit. Being in Alaska, at this time of year it is dark for all but five hours a day so the headlights are pretty often used. They follow the road nicely, and light up the area in front of the car very well.
The quick-reference owners guide is very useful and quickly gives me just the basic info needed to use a wide variety of functions on the car. Trying to glean this info from the main manual was about as painful as being smashed by a bus. However, I think once I have the initial understanding of the more complex systems, the main manual will make much more sense. I believe it may be best to study the quick reference guide before attempting to digest the main manual, but that's just me.
I have been trying to not push the car too hard since the engine is still so new, but even so, I find numerous occasions where I think to myself "I can't believe this is only a 4 banger!" Despite poor throttle response off the line (must find a way to fix this), once I'm moving, very little go-pedal movement is needed to force a downshift and receive a healty return of acceleration. It will move pretty quick, and the engine does not get any noisier in the process; the general experience reminds me of a (much quieter) version of the 7.0 V8 in my Corvette, in which a request for power, no matter how much, is easily met without a whimper. It never feels like I am "asking too much" of the engine, and that's awesome. The car just takes off like you're doing it a favor!
I was initially annoyed when I found out I would not be able to stream Pandora via Bluetooth since I don't have iDrive; but I was doubly annoyed when I found that I could also not stream audio via my USB cable! My radio told me that the cable was not authorized or some silly nonsense.
A few phone calls and $72.50 later, I ended up with BMW's proprietary and impossibly short aux cable to allow me to connect my iDevice to the radio. I think they could have provided more than 10 inches worth of cable, but it works as long as you leave your device in the storage tray immediately beside the aux ports. Once I accomplished this, I finally had my Pandora. I did not explore the USB option as that would not solve my Pandora issue, though I may investigate it for using music I already have stored and could then place onto a thumb drive.
It also seems BMW keeps a lot of info close to their chest. I went to a few car audio shops looking for aftermarket solutions, and they all told me that BMW's are the worst cars to work with because they share so little information about their radios / etc. Nobody had an alternative cable for the dealer's $72.50 cable, and one shop told me that even if they did have such a cable, it would be more than 72.50. When I inquired about solutions to allow a bluetooth audio connection to the sound system, again the common answer was that due to the lack of available info from BMW, nobody had anything. So initially it appears that if I want to add this type of functionality, I need to retrofit a bunch of OEM components and invest 3-4k. I'm not yet convinced there is no REASONABLE solution to this; still have a few tricks to try but hey, I like a good challenge!
Overall... VERY pleased with the car. I look forward to spending more time with the documentation and becoming more familiar with everything, and researching the few issues I do have.
Here's the obligatory picture... I apologize for the crummy phone-cam quality picture, but once I get my good camera out of the closet, I'll get some better shots.
Car specs:
2013 X1 AWD 28i
X-Line trim
Mineral Gray paint / Nevada Terra leather
Cold Weather Package
Lighting Package
Premium package
Paddle Shifters
Some other stuff
Looks awesome! Great review.
I pick up mine next week (same color).
I also didn't get iDrive and will ask for that cable you mentioned when I pick up the car. It's good to know I can dump my iTunes collection on an old iPod and connect that, I might do that instead of dumping the music onto USB drives. Benefit of USB is I can just keep it in the USB port and the iPod, I would have to hide each time I get out of the car. The benefit of the iPod is that I can use playlists and stream online music.
It would be great to hear from BMW why bluetooth music streaming doesn't come standard.....seems so basic now to have that and makes a huge impact on practicality.
Nice looking car- love that color. Happy driving up there in Alaska
2005 325xiT Jet Black / Beige - current daily driver
2015 328XGT Luxury Line Black Sapphire/Saddle- on order
2010 528xi Sapphire Black/Black/Dark Poplar - retired
2008 528xi Sapphire Black / Oyster/ 6sp manual - retired
2003 330cic Jet Black / Natural Brown - retired
2001 X-5 3.0 Titanium Siver /Black - retired
BMW CCA Member
I have IDrive but I prefer to use the front USB connection (with a regular cable). I don't want to run my Iphone5 all the time on Bluetooth just for music, and the glovebox USB/hard drive option seems like just an additional step I don't need. Although it would have the benefit of not having an Ipod hanging out...maybe I'll try it. I don't worry about leaving the Ipod out though - I really don't think that's a big theft item at this point.
Have to admit I don't know much about Pandora - it's a subscription service, right? So it exists as an app on your phone, and then you stream it through the phone into the X1 audio?
Pandora is one of a number of free applications that will stream music of your choosing. Every now and again you have to tolerate a commercial, but its a small price to pay. With Pandora, you can create your own personal channels, and then tell Pandora which artists should be the foundation for that channel. After that, Pandora delivers a steady stream of music from those artists and similar artists that it thinks you may like. You have the option of rating each song "thumbs up" or "thumbs down", which further educates Pandora on your particular tastes. No subscription fees, unless you want to listen without ads. You can access Pandora on a computer, or most portable devices as well such as iPhones, so long as you have a net connection. Pandora will even work over 3G.
Thanks for Pandora tutorial. I'll check it out. So it is played through one's phone, via Bluetooth? I'll probably look into it after I have an in-car charger for the Iphone 5...
Pandora is so much better than satellite radio and far cheaper subscription. And pandora doesn't skip when you pass under a bridge.
I signed up for Pandora last night, downloaded app to my Iphone 5 and had fun listening for a couple hours. Not sure how this will work in the X1 - the Pandora site says Pandora plays through BMW Apps, which I don't have...I'll investigate further.
Pandora is excellent but watch out for your data usage which is limited to whatever data plan you have with your cell phone provider. You can soon use it up with a few hours usage!
2015 Glacier Silver 428i Gran Coupe
2015 British Racing Green Mini Cooper S 4 Door Hardtop
2012 Space Grey 528i MSport - retired
2013 Valencia Orange X1 xDrive 28i Msport - retired
So how do you listen through the car speakers with Pandora
However, there is a device out there called the Blackberry Media Gateway which can simplify things a bit, allowing you to get Pandora to your car's stereo wirelessly via Bluetooth. (Again, this is if you don't have iDrive). I have one on order, and it should be here in a few days. It should alleviate the need for attaching and unattaching my phone every single time I drive the car.
Now if your car has iDrive, I believe you can stream music directly via bluetooth without the need for gateways or cables, but I don't know how that is accomplished.
When streaming Pandora over Bluetooth the song title always updates. When using the USB port or the y cable the screen doesn't update with the current song. That's so annoying.
Congratulations on your new baby!! Very fun ride.
2017 X4 28i
2016 Mustang GT
2014 X3 28i - sold, 2013 X1 x28i - sold
2006 Mustang GT Vert - sold
OP, Can I trouble you to post photos of you terra interior?
I just ordered a '14 X1 xLine sapphire black with terra leather, and some of the photos I've seen recently make it look much lighter, more orange, than I'm hoping for.
It looks MUCH darker on the BMW configurator online, and in their gallery photos (http://www.bmwusa.com/Standard/Conte...iaGallery.aspx ).
Let me know. Thanks!
2011 128i ED 7.7.2010
6MT, Jet Black, Boston Black, Gray Poplar, Premium, Cold Weather, Xenons, Alarm
2014 X1 xDrive28i xLine ED 5.6.2013
Sapphire Black Metallic, Terra Leather, Matte Wood, Ultimate, Cold Weather, Lighting, Chrome Line Exterior
2015 335i xDrive M Sport ED 4.20.2015
6MT, Sapphire Black Metallic, Oyster Leather, Anthracite Wood, Cold Weather, Dynamic Handling, Driver Assistance, Premium, Navigation
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I thought about hot glue, but wouldnt that make it a major pain in the ass to refill?
I thought about hot glue, but wouldnt that make it a major pain in the ass to refill?
"When sh*t becomes valuable, the poor will be born without assholes."
El Paso writer? Hit me up, PM
not really just put a ring around the nib(of hot glue) and it will hold it from going inside but u can still pull it out and refill, what is the nib for? what kinda marker/mop
A mop, actually a mini-mop i made about 30 min ago haha
"When sh*t becomes valuable, the poor will be born without assholes."
El Paso writer? Hit me up, PM
yea the glue will work, does anyone know where i can get empty bottles like these? (not online/graff stores)
i wanna make some squeeze mops but i cant get my hands on somthing like this
pm me if you wanna get in the Summer of '09 Slaps book.
Keenur take a deep breath of shut the fuck up
Rekone, you got a PM
For Glue pens
I made a hole on the side of the pen towards the back
I used that to refill
I taped the piece of sock and put it in then super glued the tape to the pen
put a small piece of rubber (from a rubber glove) over the hole and taped it hella
Kinda wierd, but it worked
I got a zig 2 way and filled it up with pen ink. Its good and all but, when I tag with it, little dots of ink splash everywhere. Its not that bad but is there a way to stop it ? It makes my tags look weird ..
I have pastel and accent based bucket paint, will this work with thinner?
I junobo type paint, so ill in my mop.
Last edited by Werse; 04-27-2009 at 06:01 PM.
someone help me and tell me wher to find pilot jumbos.....im either going blind or they dont have them near me....
jus buy them online. youre not gonna find em at stores.
Are streaks possible to make at home?
Just out of pure wonder.
The above post is 100% false and should not be taken seriously, it is a lie.
Bored Of Your Average.
I have one pilot Jumbo SC6600 i wanna get rid of.
Slapheads 2009
This is your life and it's ending one minute at a time.
can i use my full metal grog paint in my molotow 611em with default nib in it ?


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Beth Reader, AIA, and Chuck Swartz, AIA, LEED AP, co-principals of Reader & Swartz Architects, often fill that role in Winchester, Va., near the Blue Ridge Mountains. Like country doctors they are generalists, so as not to compete with larger, specialized firms in Washington, D.C., a hour and a half away. While half their work is for design-savvy city folks building a vacation home or moving to the country, when local people hire them, it's usually because they have a nut to crack: they need help making sense of an old house or a difficult site.
Life is simply easier in a small town, the married couple say. Their commute is almost nonexistent. Their kids go to the same school Swartz attended as a child and get dropped off at the office after school. With a smaller bureaucracy, building officials are more accessible and accommodating. "You're not so tempted to play hardball in a small place," Swartz explains. "A contractor who does a poor job will see the client or the client's friends for the rest of his life at school functions or in the grocery store. There tends to be less tension than there could be."
Likewise, marketing is super-local. Design awards are announced on the company website and in the local paper. Says Swartz: "We eat lunch out almost every day, because people run into us that way."
One thing most young architects in major cities can't do is build their own house to use as a calling card. When Christian Brown moved to Jericho, Vt., four years ago (his wife took a job there), he designed and built a house on land with woods and a stream, near skiing and hiking trails. Still, it took awhile to establish a reputation. Architecture is a word-of-mouth business, especially in a small town, and that works against people just starting out. "This time a year ago I was thinking of leaving the state, but now I feel like I've turned the corner and it would be crazy for me to leave," he says. "I'm suddenly getting called about work."
What helped: joining local groups such as the home builder and remodelers associations. At the suggestion of a builder friend, this year Brown also joined Business Network International (BNI), which exposes him to a cross section of local professionals—lawyers, Realtors, bankers—who are good sources for referrals. Some clients also find him through the furniture he designs. But education remains a constant struggle. He's careful to spell out what architects and designers do in an information packet for prospective clients. And his fee proposal explains each work phase and its costs.
The story is similar in Beaufort, S.C., a coastal town of about 13,000 residents. "In small towns, people don't think about hiring an architect for small renovations as often as they do in a big city," says Jane Frederick, AIA, LEED AP, Frederick + Frederick Architects, who moved there several years ago from the Washington, D.C., suburbs. To remind them, she writes a monthly column for a local newspaper on topics ranging from aging in place to designing a house for a hot, humid climate. Another challenge is attracting young interns, who tend to gravitate to big cities. And perhaps a tougher issue these days: Will she have a continuing pool of work to justify moving someone there from out of town?
The upside? "All of our custom projects are nice ones, because people have bought this beautiful piece of property and want to tie it to the land," Frederick says. "People are moving here for the same reason we did—because it's beautiful. We're getting busier—not close to where we were two years ago, but it's picking up. I'm encouraged."
architecture is personal Not so in Livingston, Mont., where the recession has shuttered many firms that catered to middle- and upper-middle-class clients, according to Lori Ryker, studioryker. Unlike large university towns, rural areas have fewer options for out-of-work architects, and the question becomes whether to try to eke out a living or move on. Fortunately for Ryker, out-of-state projects and work at the Artemis Institute she founded are taking up the slack. Before the recession, she says, architecture fees were comparable to those in cities, because much of her client base came from places such as California and Connecticut.
"What it comes down to is being clear about the advantages of where you're working, and turning the disadvantages into positive things," Ryker says. Chief among those advantages in Montana, besides the sweeping natural landscape, is the abundance of enthusiastic craftspeople. Maybe they're not using CNC machines or sophisticated metals or resins, but they're creative with wood and steel and are interested in trying new things.
They also have a more realistic sense of cost. "I find they don't come at projects with an attitude of, How much will I charge? but of, How much time will it take?" says Ryker, who also has worked in New York City. "Certainly people everywhere can inflate a price, but there's more of a can-do attitude in small rural towns and a sense of let's-be-fair-and-reasonable. An agreement can occur on a handshake and over the phone."