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The University of New Orleans will present Gordon "Nick" Mueller with an honorary doctorate during its spring commencement May 15 at the Lakefront Arena. Mueller is a former history professor and administrator at UNO, as well as a driving force behind the creation of the National World War II Museum in New Orleans.
"Nick Mueller's distinguished work in his academic discipline, his commitment to preserving the history of World War II and his dedication to the University of New Orleans make him well qualified for this honor," UNO President Peter Fos said. "His leadership and ambition have had a transformative effect on the university and the city of New Orleans."
Mueller is the president and CEO of the National World War II Museum. He served as chairman of the board from 1998 through the museum's grand opening on June 6, 2000. He also has guided it into an ongoing $325 million expansion.
Mueller previously spent 33 years at UNO as a history professor, dean and vice chancellor. He was the founding president of the UNO Research and Technology Park, where he was instrumental in acquiring the land, raising $50 million from public and private sources, and identifying tenants for the park.
As a faculty member, he established the university's first international summer program in Munich, Germany, in 1973. Two years later, he moved the program to Innsbruck, Austria, where it is celebrating its 40th anniversary this year.
Mueller holds a bachelor's degree from Stetson University and a master's and doctorate from the University of North Carolina.
Tulane engineers face 'grand challenges'
More than 120 U.S. schools, including Tulane University, are joining forces to educate a new generation of engineers expressly equipped to tackle some of the most pressing issues of the 21st century.
In a letter of commitment presented to President Barack Obama at the White House Science Fair, Tulane and other institutions said they plan to establish special programs to prepare undergraduates to solve "grand challenges" — complex yet achievable goals to improve national and international health, security, sustainability and quality of life in the 21st century.
The "grand challenges" include critical goals such as engineering better medicines, making solar energy cost-competitive with coal, securing cyberspace and advancing personalized learning tools to deliver better education to more individuals.
Together, the schools plan to graduate more than 20,000 formally recognized "grand challenge engineers" over the next decade.
Nicholas Altiero, dean of the Tulane School of Science and Engineering, said Tulane's role is unique in that it will involve science majors as well as engineering majors.
"Most of the 'grand challenges' are in areas in which Tulane is very strong, such as health, environment, energy and cognition," he said. "To address these challenges, we will need significant engineering breakthroughs that are based on breakthroughs in science."
Loyola assistant PR professor honored
Loyola University assistant professor Valerie Andrews was named the Public Relations Educator of the Year by the New Orleans chapter of the Public Relations Association of Louisiana at an awards ceremony this month.
Andrews, who also is the director of the Shawn M. Donnelley Center for Nonprofit Communications, will advance to the state competition to be held later this summer.
Andrews joined the Loyola staff in 2007 as a full-time extraordinary faculty member in public relations and advertising and was named director of the Donnelley Center in 2011. She also has taught at Georgia College & State University, LSU, the University of Southern Mississippi and Tulane.
She has worked extensively in public relations and advertising for industries ranging from RVs and food service to printing and educational materials. She also has more than 30 years of nonprofit consulting and volunteer work experience.
"I was totally surprised and truly honored to be selected the PRAL Nola Educator of the Year," Andrews said. "I'm proud to be part of this organization and its mission to provide networking opportunities and professional development for members. I love working with today's PR students — tomorrow's PR professionals — especially in the nonprofit communications arena."


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What is JotForm?
JotForm is a free online form builder which helps you create online forms without writing a single line of code. No sign-up required.
At JotForm, we want to make sure that you're getting the online form builder help that you need. Our friendly customer support team is available 24/7.
We believe that if one user has a question, there could be more users who may have the same question. This is why many of our support forum threads are public and available to be searched and viewed. If you'd like help immediately, feel free to search for a similar question, or submit your question or concern.
How do add a tick box to terms & conditionsAsked by COLV17 on August 13, 2014 at 09:57 AM
I recently added a question about adding a "tick" box to a document to confirm the customer accepts my Terms and Conditions. After doing a search I managed to sort this out, however, the problem I now have is, the Terms and Conditions are not directly "typed" onto a page of my website, but are uploaded to the site in a PDF format. What I'd like to be able to do, is make sure when the "tick" box is ticked, this not only directs customers to the correct page of my website (which I've managed to do), but to also automatically open the relevant document. Hope this makes sense. I need someone to advise the code of how to do this. Please help, I've managed everything so far, but this is a bit technical and I have no idea about writing codes. Thank you.
JotForm Support Manager
I think you can make this to happen by using the Terms and Condition widgets , in there you can establish the URL where the PDF is so when they tick on the box, they can also click on the link to the PDF.
I hope this helps to sort out the issue. Otherwise let us know.

subset: commoncrawl


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City Fleck Umbrellas – Made in London, England
Our first drop for the new season – The City Fleck. Available now in Navy, Natural and Grey Fleck.
Made with an exclusive woven waterproof cotton, the canope has special coloured fleck detailing. Available on our new City Gent frame with 16mm Beech shaft and completed with a Malacca wood handle. All Hand Crafted in London, England, they retail for £115.
London Undercover for Timothy Everest
If you've passed our Spitalfields shop in the last week you may have seen our new window which showcases our latest project with Bespoke Tailor, Timothy Everest.
In the early 90's, Everest introduced a new generation to the joys of handmade clothing, creating investment pieces that stood out and were built to last. His apprenticeship with Tommy Nutter (the legendary iconoclastic tailor to the Beatles and Rolling Stones in the 60s and 70s) left him equivocal about the stuffiness of Savile Row, but passionate about its peerless standards of craftsmanship. "Our customers are very appreciative of the fact that we take the time to establish a relationship with them, and create something that's for them and them alone," . "They're people who've gone beyond the dictates of high fashion and want a modern, invigorated, and not-too-reverent take on contemporary tailoring."
Twenty years later, Everest serves clients ranging from art dealers to hedge fund managers to rock stars, who appreciate his winning combination of bespoke classicism and quirky individualism. "I see us as quintessentially British, in that we're attuned to tradition, but at the same time there's a willingness to play with that tradition,". In 2010, his craft was recognised by Her Majesty the Queen, when he was awarded the MBE for services to tailoring.
Everest has recently collaborated with the likes of British Cycling labels Rapha and Brooks and now London Undercover. The umbrella features a grey herringbone outer with the infamous Timothy Everest Spitalfields flower interior. This is stitched to our heavy-duty steel frame and a beech wood stick and handle. The umbrella features a special collaboration label on the inside and is tied with a matching yellow grosgrain strap.
More images of the umbrella can be seen here and it is now available to buy online and in store at both Timothy Everest and London Undercover.
Agi & Sam x London Undercover
With a strong emphasis on print and humour, design duo Agi & Sam believe that fashion should never be taken too seriously. It's this shared view that brought the pair together with London Undercover to create a collection of 4 umbrellas to accompany their AW13 collection.
Agi Mdumulla and Sam Cotton have produced print for the likes of Alexander McQueen, Karl Lagerfeld and J.W. Anderson. Following just three catwalk shows, the duo found themselves with a British Fashion Award nomination for the Emerging Talent menswear prize. The 4 umbrellas formed part of their latest show which found itself the next day, on the front page of The Daily Telegraph.
Whangee Cane Crook Handle Folded Umbrellas
We wanted to release a quality folded umbrella that would combine the strength and stability of our full size models, along with the classic, traditional styling that our customer's love. We believe we've succeeded.
Available in Dark Navy, Orange & Yellow, Our Whangee Cane Crook Handle Umbrellas have a solid 10-rib structure which will hold up against strong winds. The shaft is made of 2 sections, and extends from a length of 45 to 70cm. The Canopy opens to just under a meter in diameter, the perfect size for city walking. Every handle is unique as it is made from natural Bamboo.
The umbrella features subtle London Undercover branding on the snap button and inside of the outer sleeve. There is a gunmetal tip cup to keep everything tidy and a nice whangee tip which is again unique on each. All umbrella features a signature orange London Undercover button.
Price: £60. View More Photos / Buy
Mr. Bathing Ape x London Undercover
Mr. Bathing Ape x London Undercover Mr ABC Camo Umbrella is available now.
London Undercover x Monocle
We have collaborated with Monocle to produce this special solid Maple wood umbrella. The dark green umbrella is hand-crafted from a single piece of polished maple with a continuous shaft/handle, industrial frame and bronze ferrule.
The wood has been stained, polished and varnished. We've used a luxury poly fabric from Italy which is very hardwearing and repels water perfectly. The panels have been cut by hand into eight triangles in opposite directions to make full use of the fabric and allow minimum wastage. We've carefully stitched them together to form the canopy which is then threaded on to a very traditional, industrial-strength frame. The umbrella features a very subtle white printed Monocle logo on the outside and collaboration descriptor on the inside.
Available exclusively at Monocle shops in London, New York, Toronto and Hong Kong and online
King of Clubs Umbrella
A new addition to the premium line, the King of Clubs Umbrella was previewed during our time on Monmouth Street. Needless to say, it sold out. It is now available to buy again online.
London Undercover x YMC
In 1995, Fraser Moss and Jimmy Collins borrowed industrial designer Raymond Loewy's slogan, 'You must create' as the name of their new clothing company . YMC, as it would come to be known, took initial inspiration from work wear, the football terraces of the early 80s and American & British military wear. Since 1995, YMC has evolved into a highly significant label. They are now among the most important in modern British clothing.
YMC have come together with London Undercover to produce a set of two outstanding Navajo print umbrellas as part of their A/W 12 Collection. Each umbrella is made with a single piece of solid, dark brown Maple wood with combined shaft & handle. The Navajo External features two subtly different Navajo style prints on both the inside and out. The Navajo Internal is comprised of a deluxe Dark Navy poly cotton with the native-american inspired print on the inside. Each Umbrella includes a special collaborative wooden tag.
Available to Buy Now
Animal Head Umbrellas
The long awaited Tartan Animal Head Umbrellas are now available to Buy Online.
Available in Dog, Duck, Eagle, Fox & Rabbit heads. Each umbrella has an applicable Tartan cloth canopy sewn to our traditional industrial strength frame. All handles include an additional leather hand strap. Images of each style here
LU x Staple Design Pigeon Umbrella
Staple Design was founded in NYC by Jeff Ng (aka Jeff Staple). Staple gained itself a considerable following as an underground streetwear company and opened it's own retail store / art gallery, Reed Space in 2002. Perhaps their most famous product were the NYC Pigeon Dunks, a pair of trainers produced in collaboration with Nike. There were only around 200 pairs released exclusively at the store in New York. The release famously caused huge riots.
A few years ago in Paris, Jamie was introduced to Jeff. After much Pigeon discussion, the two decided to put a Staple, NY twist on the LU London Pigeon Monogram umbrella. This is the result…


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Industrial and commercial lighting at wholesale prices
Professional Infrared Thermometer with Laser Pointer - Professional Laser Pointer Thermometer for safe temperature readings.
Safely measures hot, hazardous, or hard to reach materials without touching the materials surface; simply pull the trigger & read the temperature
Product Reviews


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Hey, my names Rhys, and I'm an 18-year-old Graphic and Web Designer in Brisbane Australia. I have been practicing web design for two years now, and starting to learn about it in my Bachelor of Design course at QUT.
Someday I hope to be able to eat (and photograph) my way through America and New Zealand. I want to create fresh, clean and precise designs, and hope to help you with all your digital needs.
Please send any questions or inquiries to:
Want to keep up with my work?
My social media links are just below. :)
The idea of learning web design led me to begin learning Photoshop, to make my own icons and buttons. It quickly became a passion and hobby of mine, learning how to code and create from scratch.
Learning HTML is a very hard task, and currently I'm completing a Web Design unit at University. I make all my websites from scratch, and am currently investing a lot of my time learning Bootstrap, which allows quick, crisp websites that adapt to different screen sizes and devices, such as this one.
Contact me today to ask about your website needs. I can help you design; write and gather content for the website, build it, and upload it to your domain. I can even update your current website or help you find an affordable web host, which is great for small businesses or individuals to get started on the web.
Perhaps you just need some custom icons, a logo, or update your existing ones? I can help you with all your project need, from editing your photos to designing graphics to fit your needs.
I can design documentation, magazines, templates, social media icons, profile pictures, banners, advertisements, fliers, business cards and more.
Photoshop • Photoshop • Illustrator
Photography is a beautiful way to capture memories and express stories and emotions. However, it's not as simple as pointing a camera and capturing the moment. Photography can be considered an art form, and depending on the cameras settings and the editing afterwards, a photo can almost tell a completely different story.
I only began photography this year, when I purchased my first camera (A Nikon D3300). So far, I have been perfecting the use of manual settings and my stock lens, but I aim to get some new lenses for new kinds of photography in the near future. I look forward to practicing macro and telephoto photography.
When it comes to photography, I only operate locally, in the Moreton Bay region, but I would be more than happy to help you with your photograph needs. I would be more than happy to be commissioned to photograph textures and backgrounds for you to use in your websites and other media.


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Hooves 5: The Death of a Friend is a game by Fantendo and Bomb Productions Games. Since it is a game by User:YoshiEgg, please do not edit except for spelling errors.
In the peaceful land of Animetropolis, there is a mystery stirring up. Nobody knows what happened at the events of Sevooh Returns, but, everybody knows one thing: It's not good. Everybody is really worried about Hooves, since Sevooh said "If I can't defeat you this time, I'll revive something that can...", but, Hooves isn't worried. He's insisted to his friends, family, and all of Animetropolis that he can take care of himself. But, right when Hooves said that, Sevooh's goons came along. They looked different. They looked stronger... Suddenly, Yeffarig snuck up behind Giraffey and killed him! Then, after the killing, the polar opposites chanted together in a zombie-like tone, "Heed this warning....". Then, they flew away, leaving behind a bunch of little bombs. As they reached Sevooh's old cloud, the bombs exploded, opening up little portals to Voip World everywhere. More polar opposites and Voip World creatures crawled out. Hooves and his gang were astonished at what they had just saw. They needed to save the world. Plus, they had lost a friend, and they intended to get revenge about it...
Playable Characters
Hooves (default)
Frostbite (default)
Beluga (default)
Ray (default)
Shnartzel (default)
Leztranhs (unlocked after level 4)
Ending: (Spoiler Alert!!!)
After arriving at the cloud, Hooves and friends found another pot, identical to the one Sevooh had owned, and the polar opposites standing around it. But, when Hooves and friends charged at the polar opposites, the opposites turned into the black liquid and, like magnets, went inside the pot. Seconds later, they all came out as a superbeing of some sort. It was gigantic! It had Etibtsorf's head, Yeffarig's body, arms, and legs, and a mixture of Yar and Aguleb's tails. After fighting the Giant Polar Opposite, Frostbite destroyed the pot again, but the liquid just evaporated into the sky. Now that Hooves and friends were convinced that Animetropolis was in serious danger, they went back to the dojo and trained for fights to come...
Coming Soon!!!


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Mendelssohn / Schumann
conducted by Sir John Eliot Gardiner
The London Symphony Orchestra present Mendelssohn's Symphony No. 3 'Scottish' and his Overture: The Hebrides alongside a performance of Schumann's Piano Concerto, featuring Maria João Pires.
Inspired by his travels to the British Isles and full of the influence of the rolling Scottish landscape, both Mendelssohn's Symphony No. 3 'Scottish' and his Overture: The Hebrides are amongst the composer's most popular and admired works. The London Symphony Orchestra create inspiring performances of these pieces, as well as a performance of Schumann's Piano Concerto, featuring the celebrated pianist, Maria João Pires.
The London Symphony Orchestra filmed this concert as part of a series of performances exploring the works of Felix Mendelssohn under the baton of Sir John Eliot Gardiner, who says of this coupling: "Even if they spoke with different accents these genial Romantics were united in their ambitious fervour for 'abstract' music to be acknowledged as having the same expressive force as poetry, drama or the literary novel. The three works exemplify the endeavour and range of invention of two of them, friends and colleagues in Leipzig".
This was the London Symphony Orchestra; but, with violins and violas standing and with a new suppleness and brilliance in their voice, they sounded Romantic and revolutionary. There was a brisk stepping-out, a bracing scent of the tangle o' the isles, and tiny, drawn-back moments to glimpse the Romantic sublime.
The Times
The deep-hued textures of the (Scottish) symphony were offset by robust upper strings, their visceral attack enhanced by having the players standing. There were choppy waters too around Fingal's Cave in Mendelssohn's Hebrides Overture. In both, sharply etched articulation made great impact.
Evening Standard
Gardiner and the LSO are currently championing Mendelssohn, whose Fingal's Cave and 'Scottish' Symphony are as Caledonian as Parry's Jerusalem is English, making many a tartan-clad breast heave with misty longings, and both works sounded particularly well bedded in.
The opening of the Intermezzo was supremely graceful with Pires and the LSO's cellos creating a chamber music intimacy in the ensuing dialogue. The cultivated way in which Pires and the LSO took up and finished phrases was masterful. The finale was a whirling dance with Pires really revving up the momentum while at the same time bringing out the fanciful elements in the score. The coda was played with gusto, bringing the piece to a sparkling conclusion.
Seen and Heard
Captured live at the Barbican, London, in January 2014 and presented as part of the London Symphony Orchestra Collection.
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Brahms' Symphony No. 1
The London Symphony Orchestra present Brahms' Symphony No. 1 alongside Szymanowski's Symphony No. 1 as well as his Violin Concerto No. 1 featuring the acclaimed soloist Janine Jansen.Read more
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Goodman's Chicken Rice Vermicelli, 8 OZ (Pack of 24)
Goodman'ssku: 075131004517
$ 63.68
Since 1865. Taste the homemade goodness. Good source of Vitamin B1. Low fat. Healthy body. Healthy spirit. Spending time with family and friends is a simple celebration of being together. Whatever the occasion - a special holiday, event or relaxing at home, Goodman's products will make it extra special. Printed on recycled paperboard. Product of USA.


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Agnostics might think like this but we can't generalise.
God is who apparently the creator of the Earth. If he did create the Earth, He definitely did it by using Biology, cells, bacteria, and DNA. Evolution doesn't really disprove God, nor can anything, but nothing can prove his existence either. Wait, it can't be a man, God is obviously not a human, since there are so many species on Earth. God is also obviously not just on Earth, "He" would have to be in control of the entire Universe.
If God does exist, let's hope he is not the literal god of the Bible. After all, why would God only allow a certain group of Humans into his kingdom while the others are sentenced to "damnation". I don't understand. If he does exist; the Bible must be misunderstood and obviously figurative. The idea of Adam and Eve being literally made from sand or any spontaneous origin is easily laughable. It is also obvious that the world is OLD, VERY OLD. [1] If God exists, I would expect god to care about all of Science's creations. God also obviously works through Science if he exists.
Heaven - If a god exists; I would expect afterlife to be available to anyone and that it would have all species in it. The idea of hell seems way too complex; due to mental insanity and different things that ruin a persons "Faith".
Evil - It obviously exists in every aspect. If the deity exists; let's hope he does not fight for evil and ignorance. If Satan also exist; let's hope its just a natural part of life and not a force that will drag one into a burning Hell.
Afterlife - I would be content with other ideas such as Reincarnation or just Death.
Atheists - Atheists are very factual. While they seem more realistic; nobody can truly tell that god doesn't exist. While they can also be nice people; not many seem to think about other ideas. However it doesn't surprise me that the conservative Christians seem very disliked by them compared to much meeker religions.
Conclusion - I still can't tell; but I doubt I will switch to become a full-pledged member of the Baptist church anytime soon.


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This small, Mediterranean-style, beach front resort offers 28 elegantly appointed suites in a quiet and relaxing environment. A private marina, small beach, free WLAN Internet access and a concierge service with tour desk are available to all guests to make their holiday something special. The air-conditioned family-friendly hotel has a lobby area, hotel safe, a bar and provides a room service and, for an additional fee, a laundry service.
The hotel is located on the island's main road, within walking distance to the shops, restaurants and nightspots in the centre of San Pedro. It is 400 m away from a coral reef and 1 km south of the local aerodrome.
The villas offer a panoramic ocean view in a quiet courtyard setting around the pool and Splash, the poolside bar. Each studio is elegantly furnished with a kitchen with fridge, microwave and tea and coffee making facilities and a private bathroom with shower and bathtub. They also feature a direct dial telephone, satellite TV, a radio, wireless Internet access, individually regulated air conditioning and a balcony. Each room has a double or king-size bed.
The hotel has an outdoor pool with swim-up bar and sun loungers and offers golf cart rental and tour reservations. A private chef and baby sitting service can be arranged (fees apply). For an additional fee guests can go motor boating or diving.
The hotel offers a continental breakfast, and lunch and dinner � la carte.
The hotel accepts payment with the following credit cards: American Express, MasterCard and VISA.
Walk south from the municipal airport, the hotel is just 15 minutes away on the island's main road. A domestic flight or water taxi can be arranged from Belize City international airport direct to the hotel.
Room Facilities:
Direct dial telephone
Satellite cable TV
Internet access
Tea Coffee
Double bed
King size bed
Individual airconditioned


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Circa January 1938: Of all the south west themes decorating the American tableware of the 30s and 40s it was the Mexicana version that was an immediate smash hit. First exhibited in July of 1937 at the House Furnishing Show, its popularity steadily grew. From a trade ad Homer Laughlin describes its Mexicana china as "smart, colorful and attractive. It embodies the old-world atmosphere of Mexico with the modern verve and personality which is so appealing to American housewives."
Circa January 1938: Here is a fantastic sugar and creamer set of the original Homer Laughlin Pottery Company's Mexicana decalware on their famous Century line. Made just 6 months into this popular lines release, profusely decorated on all sides with the Mexicana decals (3,5, and 7 pots with their dramatic blue shadows and prickly cacti) and hand painted with bold red trim. This set makes a fantastic transition between many Homer Laughlin collectable lines and also harkens to that fantastically rare red striped Fiesta.
Vintage Homer Laughlin Century Mexicana Sugar and Creamer Set
|Satisfaction Guaranteed
Contact Happy Heidi »


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|Reviews for Fairytale of New York
| Visitkarte chapter 1 . 9/6/2013
I am trying to decide if I want to write "aww", "brilliant" or "romantic"...
| Kagome Avalon chapter 1 . 6/3/2013
So did he go back with Gibbs? What about this father? How did he react to the news of Tony & Gibbs as a couple? Didn't he disinherit Tony as a child?
| Athena13 chapter 1 . 5/27/2013
Awww. That was great. Loved mad Dinozzo and apologetic Gibbs. In small doses like this. Maybe a follow-up?
| Iceanddiamonds chapter 1 . 10/5/2012
Love this! One of my fav pairings and Xmas songs all in one!
| Guest chapter 1 . 9/12/2012
I just love Tony and Gibbs love. Wonderful story! Thank you.
| IGottaFindYou chapter 1 . 7/2/2012
I LOOOVE this story! I first read it on . SO glad you have it here too!:):):)
| 12635397 chapter 1 . 1/5/2012
- You took my dreams from me when I first found you
- I kept them with me babe, I put them with my own. Can't make it on my own, I've built up my dreams around you.
That's my favorite Christmas carrol too
| Jebeth chapter 1 . 8/1/2011
| wild wolf free17 chapter 1 . 4/7/2010
Well done!
| onewhowatches chapter 1 . 2/26/2010
holy funking crap! agh! -runs around in mad circles-
perfect. just...perfect.
is it weird that i liked the old guy? XD
onewhowatches :3
| GibbsRules chapter 1 . 1/1/2010
OMG! I loved this story!. Only one 'problem', when I hear the song in future or see the video of The Pogues and Kirsty MacColl, I'm going to be thinking about this scene! That's not a bad thing though! :)
| 88silverkeys chapter 1 . 12/27/2009
So good, so hot, it hurt. Literally. There's a tightness in my chest over some of these lines "we had that one night - that one glorious, fantastic, amazing, totally mind-blowing night" Just wonderful.
| Paige chapter 1 . 12/27/2009
Way to go, Tony! Punching out Gibbs? Yeah. Definitely deserved it, given what happened. And Gibbs letting him? Equally awesome. Loved Gibbs' quiet plea for Tony to come home. Made me very mushy! Well done!
angstqueen at gmail dot com
| DiNozzoFan1234 chapter 1 . 12/27/2009
i really like the story and i love Fairytale of new York is has to be the all time faveourite best christmas song there is!
| SA3466996 chapter 1 . 12/27/2009
I've been secretly hoping you'd post this story here so I could rec it in the C2. Thank you. ;-)


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St Tropez Instant Tan Lotion Medium/Dark
St. Tropez Instant Tan Lotion in Medium/Dark provides you with an all over, instant bronzed glow that lasts for up to 24 hours.
Why you need it:
RAINMAC technology ensures St. Tropez's Instant Tan Lotion is water and transfer resistant. The lightweight, hydrating lotion produces an instant medium/dark glow that lasts for up to 24 hours.
How to:
Apply using an applicator tan mitt. Washes off with soap and water.
Heading to a festival this summer? Whatever your festival beauty needs, we've got you covered. Camping doesn't have to mean your beauty standards slip. Check out our great range of festival beauty products that will have you looking and feeling your best while you focus on the music!


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Sydney-based psychedelic dance-rockers Wolf & Cub have a brand new single and video at the ready. 'Salao' is the first taste from their forthcoming, yet-to-be-titled, third full-length album.
Take a listen to 'Salao,' which is according to Ernest Hemingway a term for the worst form of unlucky:
Before you go, check out the below double A-side single the band released about nine months ago. This is Shut Me Out // Got Nothing Coming:
Wolf & Cub plan to have their third studio album ready for release in mid-2013.
WolfandCub.com | Facebook.com/WolfandCubBand | SoundCloud.com/WolfandCub


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Cat. No. 3307
Price and AvailabilityBy clicking submit you agree to accept a cookie from Tocris Bioscience. For details, please read our privacy and cookie policy.
Chemical Name: N-Phenyl-4-(3-quinolinylmethyl)-1-p
Biological ActivityIrreversible fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor (IC50 = 16.2 nM) that displays no activity at a range of other serine hydrolases. Selectively inhibits FAAH within the central nervous system. Orally active.
Technical DataM.Wt:
The technical data provided above is for guidance only. For batch specific data refer to the Certificate of Analysis.
All Tocris products are intended for laboratory research use only.
Certificate of Analysis / Product Datasheet / Safety Datasheet
References are publications that support the products' biological activity.
Mileni et al (2008) Structure-guided inhibitor design for human FAAH by interspecies active site conversion. Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 105 12820.
Ahn et al (2007) Novel mechanistic class of fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitors with remarkable selectivity. Biochemistry 46 13019. PMID: 17949010.
If you know of a relevant reference for PF 750 please let us know.
Citations are publications that use Tocris products.
Do you know of a great paper that uses PF 750 from Tocris? If so please let us know.
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Keywords: PF 750, supplier, Selective, FAAH, inhibitors, inhibits, Anandamide, Amidase, Fatty, Acid, Amide, Hydrolases, PF750, Tocris Bioscience, Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Inhibitor products
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17th National Congress of the Spanish Society of Neuroscience
September 27 - 30, 2017
Alicante, Spain


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Let us know when your receive great advice so we can thank our lawyers and point others with similar questions in the right direction.Got it!
I was at a party and there was drinking. The next thing I remember was waking up in a guys bed the next morning with clothes that were not mine. My parents want to press charges but I don't want to. Can my parents do that without my consent?
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Geoffrey Chaucer
Learn more about Geoffrey Chaucer
| 1343

Died:	October 25, 1400
| Author, poet, philosopher, bureaucrat, diplomat

Nationality:	English

The Canterbury Tales

Geoffrey Chaucer (c. 1343 – October 25, 1400) was an English author, poet, philosopher, bureaucrat (courtier), and a diplomat. He is often referred to as the Father of English Literature. Although he wrote many works he is best remembered for his unfinished frame narrative The Canterbury Tales. He is sometimes credited with being the first author to demonstrate the artistic legitimacy of the vernacular English language, rather than French or Latin.
[edit] Life
Chaucer was probably born in London, although the exact date and location are not known. His father and grandfather were both London wine merchants (vintners) and before that, for several generations, the family were merchants in Ipswich. His name was of French origin and meant shoemaker. In 1324 John Chaucer, Geoffrey's father, was kidnapped by an aunt in the hope of marrying the twelve year-old boy to her daughter in an attempt to keep property in Ipswich. The aunt was imprisoned and the 250 pounds fine levied suggests that the family was well-to-do, upper middle-class if not in the elite. John married Agnes Copton, who in 1349 inherited property including twenty-four shops in London from her uncle, Hamo de Copton, who is described as the "moneyer" at the Tower of London.
There are no details of Chaucer's early life and education but compared to his near contemporary poets, William Langland and The Pearl Poet, his life is well documented, with nearly five hundred written items testifying to his career. The first time he is mentioned is in 1357, in the household accounts of Elizabeth de Burgh, the Countess of Ulster, when his father's connections enabled him to become the noblewoman's page. He also worked as a courtier, a diplomat, and a civil servant, as well as working for the king collecting and inventorying scrap metal.[1] In 1359, in the early stages of the Hundred Years' War, Edward III invaded France and Chaucer travelled with Lionel of Antwerp, Elizabeth's husband, as part of the English army. In 1360, he was captured during the siege of Rheims, becoming a prisoner of war. Edward contributed £16 as part of a ransom, and Chaucer was released.
After this, Chaucer's life is uncertain, but he seems to have travelled in France, Spain, and Flanders, possibly as a messenger and perhaps even going on a pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela. Around 1366, Chaucer married Philippa (de) Roet. She was a lady-in-waiting to Edward III's queen, Philippa of Hainault, and a sister of Katherine Swynford, who later (ca. 1396) became the third wife of Chaucer's friend and patron, John of Gaunt. It is uncertain how many children Chaucer and Philippa had, but 3 or 4 are the numbers most widely agreed upon. His son, Thomas Chaucer, had an illustrious career, chief butler to four kings, envoy to France, and Speaker of the House of Commons. Thomas' great-grandson (Geoffrey's great-great-grandson), John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln, was the heir to the throne designated by Richard III before he was deposed. Geoffrey's other children probably included Elizabeth Chaucy, a nun, Agnes, an attendant at Henry IV's coronation, and another son, Lewis Chaucer.
Chaucer is presumed to have studied law in the Inner Temple (an Inn of Court) at about this time, although definite proof is lacking. It is recorded that he became a member of the royal court of Edward III as a valet, yeoman, or esquire on 20 June 1367, a position which could entail any number of jobs. He travelled abroad many times, at least some of them in his role as a valet. In 1368, he may have attended the wedding of Lionel of Antwerp to Violante, daughter of Galeazzo II Visconti, in Milan. Two literary stars of the era who were in attendance were Jean Froissart and Petrarch. Around this time Chaucer is believed to have written The Book of the Duchess in honor of Blanche of Lancaster, the dead wife of John of Gaunt who died in 1369.
Chaucer travelled to Picardy the next year as part of the military expedition, and visited Genoa and Florence in 1373. It is on this Italian trip that it is speculated he came into contact with medieval Italian poetry, the forms and stories of which he would use later. One other trip he took in 1377 seems shrouded in mystery, with records of the time conflicting in details. Later documents suggest it was a mission, along with Jean Froissart, to arrange a marriage between the future Richard II and a French princess, thereby ending the Hundred Years War. If this was the purpose of their trip, they seem to have been unsuccessful, as no wedding occurred.
In 1378, Richard II sent Chaucer as an envoy/secret dispatch to the Visconti and to Sir John Hawkwood, English Man-at Arms/Soldier for Hire, in Milan. It is on the person of John Hawkwood that Chaucer based his Knight's Character. The Knight, based on his description/dress and appearance, looks exactly like a soldier for hire/mercenary would have looked in the fourteenth century.
A possible indication that his career as a writer was appreciated came on St. George's Day in 1374, when Edward III granted Chaucer a gallon of wine daily for the rest of his life because he had...shall we say..."obliged" his highness. This was an unusual grant, but Chaucer semi-regularly collected it until Richard II came to power and converted it to a monetary grant.
Chaucer obtained the very substantial job of Comptroller of the Customs for the port of London, which Chaucer began on 8 June 1374. He must have been suited for the role as he continued in it for twelve years, a long time in such a post at that period. His life goes undocumented for much of the next ten years but it is believed that he wrote (or began) most of his famous works during this time period. He was mentioned in law papers of 4 May 1380, involved in the raptus of Cecilia Chaumpaigne. What raptus means, rape or possibly kidnapping, is unclear, but the incident seems to have been resolved quickly and did not leave a stain on Chaucer's reputation. It is not known if Chaucer was in the city of London at the time of the Peasants' Revolt (the Tower of London was stormed in 1381).
While still working as comptroller, Chaucer appears to have moved to Kent, being appointed as one of the commissioners of peace for Kent, at a time when French invasion was a possibility. He is thought to have started work on The Canterbury Tales in the early 1380s (the Pilgrims' Way used by his fictional characters on their way to Canterbury Cathedral passes through Kent). He also became a Member of Parliament for Kent in 1386. There is no further reference after this date to Philippa, Chaucer's wife, and she is presumed to have died in 1387. He survived the political upheavals caused by the Lords Appellants despite the fact that Chaucer knew well some of the men executed over the affair.
On 12 July 1389, Chaucer was appointed the clerk of the king's works, a sort of foreman organizing most of the king's building projects. No major works were begun during his tenure, but he did conduct repairs on Westminster Palace, St. George's Chapel, Windsor, continue building the wharf at the Tower of London, and build the stands for a tournament held in 1390. It may have been a difficult job but it paid well: two shillings a day, over three times his salary as a comptroller. In September 1390, records say that he was robbed, and possibly injured, while conducting the business, and it was shortly after on 17 June 1391 that he stopped working in this capacity. Almost immediately, on 22 June, he began as deputy forester in the royal forest of North Petherton, Somerset. This was no sinecure, with maintenance an important part of the job, although there were many opportunities to derive profit. It is believed that Chaucer stopped work on the Canterbury Tales sometime towards the end of this decade.
Soon after the overthrow of his patron Richard II in 1399, Chaucer vanished from the historical record. He is believed to have died of unknown causes on 25 October, 1400 but there is no firm evidence for this date, as it comes from the engraving on his tomb, which was built more than one-hundred years after Chaucer's death. There is some fanciful speculation—most recently in Terry Jones' book Who Murdered Chaucer? : A Medieval Mystery—that he was murdered by enemies of Richard II or even on the orders of his successor Henry IV. There is however no solid evidence to support this claim.
The new king ( Henry IV ) did renew the grants assigned to Chaucer by Richard, but in The Complaint of Chaucer to his Purse, Chaucer hints that the grants might not have been paid. The last mention of Chaucer in the historical record is on 5 June 1400, when some monies owing to him were paid. Chaucer was buried in Westminster Abbey in London, as was his right owing to the jobs he had performed and the new house he had leased nearby on 24 December 1399. In 1556 his remains were transferred to a more ornate tomb, making Chaucer the first writer interred in the area now known as Poets' Corner.
[edit] Works
Chaucer's first major work The Book of the Duchess was an elegy for Blanche of Lancaster (who died in 1369). It is possible that this work was commissioned by her husband John of Gaunt as he granted Chaucer a £10 annuity on 13 June 1374. This would seem to place the writing of The Book of the Duchess between the years 1369 and 1374. Two other early works by Chaucer were Anelida and Arcite and The House of Fame. Chaucer wrote many of his major works in a prolific period when he held the job of customs comptroller for London (1374 to 1386). His Parlement of Foules, The Legend of Good Women and Troilus and Criseyde all date from this time. Also it is believed that he started work on The Canterbury Tales in the early 1380s. Chaucer is best known as the writer of The Canterbury Tales, which is a collection of stories told by fictional pilgrims on the road to the cathedral at Canterbury; these tales would help to shape English literature.
The Canterbury Tales contrasts with other literature of the period in the naturalism of its narrative, the variety of stories the pilgrims tell and the varied characters who are engaged in the pilgrimage which sets it apart from other literature of the period. Many of the stories narrated by the pilgrims seem to fit their individual characters and social standing, although some of the stories seem ill-fitting to their narrators, probably representing the incomplete state of the work. Chaucer drew on real life for his cast of Pilgrims; the inn keeper shares the name of a contemporary keeper of an Inn in Southwark, and real life identities for the Wife of Bath, the Merchant, the Man of Law and the Student have been suggested. The many jobs Chaucer held in medieval society; page, soldier, messenger, valet, bureaucrat, foreman and administrator probably exposed him to many of the types of people he depicted in the Tales. He was able to ape their speech, satirise their manners and still offer them popular literature.
Chaucer's works are sometimes grouped into, first a French period, then an Italian period and finally an English period, with Chaucer being influenced by those countries' literatures in turn. Certainly Troilus and Criseyde is a middle period work with its reliance on the forms of Italian poetry, little known in England at the time, but to which Chaucer was probably exposed during his frequent trips abroad on court business. In addition, its use of a classical antiquity|classical subject and its elaborate, courtly language sets it apart as one of his most complete and well-formed works. In Troilus and Criseyde Chaucer draws heavily on his source, Bocaccio, and on the late Latin philosopher Boethius. However, it is The Canterbury Tales, wherein he focuses on English subjects, with bawdy jokes and respected figures often being undercut with humour, that has cemented his reputation.
Chaucer also translated such important works as Boethius' Consolation of Philosophy and The Romance of the Rose by Guillaume de Lorris (extended by Jean de Meun). However, while many scholars maintain that Chaucer did indeed translate part of the text of The Romance of the Rose as Roman de la Rose, others claim that this has been effectively disproved. Many of his other works were very loose translations of, or simply based on, works from continental Europe. It is in this role that Chaucer receives some of his earliest critical praise. Eustache Deschamps wrote a ballade on the great translator and called himself a "nettle in Chaucer's garden of poetry". In 1385 Thomas Usk made glowing mention of Chaucer, and John Gower, Chaucer's main poetic rival of the time, also lauded him. This reference was later edited out of Gower's Confessio Amantis and it has been suggested by some that this was because of ill feeling between them, but it is likely due simply to stylistic concerns.
One other significant work of Chaucer's is his Treatise on the Astrolabe, possibly for his own son, that describes the form and use of that instrument in detail. Although much of the text may have come from other sources, the treatise indicates that Chaucer was versed in science in addition to his litrary talents. Another scientific work discovered in 1952, Equatorie of the Planetis, has similar language and handwriting compared to some considered to be Chaucer's and it continues many of the ideas from the Astrolabe. The attribution of this work to Chaucer is still uncertain.
[edit] Influence
[edit] Linguistic
Chaucer wrote in continental accentual-syllabic metre, a style which had developed since around the twelfth century as an alternative to the alliterative Anglo-Saxon metre. Chaucer is known for metrical innovation, inventing the rhyme royal, and he was one of the first English poets to use the five-stress line, the iambic pentameter, in his work, with only a few anonymous short works using it before him. And the arrangement of these five-stress line into rhyming couplets was first seen in his The Legend of Good Women, was used in much of his later work and became one of the standard poetic forms in English. His early influence as a satirist is also important, with the common humorous device, the funny accent of a regional dialect, apparently making its first appearance in The Reeve's Tale.
The poetry of Chaucer, along with other writers of the era, is credited with helping to standardise the London Dialect of the Middle English language; a combination of Kentish and Midlands dialect. This is probably overstated: the influence of the court, chancery and bureaucracy—of which Chaucer was a part—remains a more probable influence on the development of Standard English. Modern English is somewhat distanced from the language of Chaucer's poems owing to the effect of the Great Vowel Shift some time after his death. This change in the pronunciation of English, still not fully understood, makes the reading of Chaucer difficult for the modern audience, though it is thought by some that the modern Scottish accent is closely related to the sound of Middle English. The status of the final -e in Chaucer's verse is uncertain: it seems likely that during the period of Chaucer's writing the final -e was dropping out of colloquial English and that its use was somewhat irregular. Chaucer's versification suggests that the final -e is sometimes to be vocalised, and sometimes to be silent; however, this remains a point on which there is disagreement. When it is vocalised, most scholars pronounce it as a schwa. Apart from the irregular spelling, much of the vocabulary is recognisable to the modern reader. Chaucer is also recorded in the Oxford English Dictionary as the first author to use many common English words in his writings. These words were probably frequently used in the language at the time but Chaucer, with his ear for common speech, is the earliest manuscript source. Acceptable, alkali, altercation, amble, angrily, annex, annoyance, approaching, arbitration, armless, army, arrogant, arsenic, arc, artillery and aspect are just some of those from the first letter of the alphabet.
[edit] Literary
Chaucer's early popularity is attested by the many poets who imitated his works. John Lydgate was one of earliest imitators who wrote a continuation to the Tales. Later a group of poets including Gavin Douglas, William Dunbar and Robert Henryson were known as the Scottish Chaucerians for their indebtedness to his style. Many of the manuscripts of Chaucer's works contain material from these admiring poets and the later romantic era poets' appreciation of Chaucer was coloured by their not knowing which of the works were genuine. It was not until the late 19th century that the official Chaucerian canon, accepted today, was decided upon; largely as a result of Walter William Skeat's work. One hundred and fifty years after his death, The Canterbury Tales was selected by William Caxton to be one of the first books to be printed in England.
[edit] Chaucer's English
Although Chaucer's language is much closer to modern English than the text of Beowulf, it differs enough that most publications modernize (and sometimes bowdlerize) his idiom. Following is a sample from the prologue of the "Summoner's Tale" that compares Chaucer's text to a modern translation:
|This frere bosteth that he knoweth helle,
|This friar boasts that he knows hell,
|And God it woot, that it is litel wonder;
|And God knows that it is little wonder;
|Freres and feendes been but lyte asonder.
|Friars and fiends are seldom far apart.
|For, pardee, ye han ofte tyme herd telle
|For, by God, you have ofttimes heard tell
|How that a frere ravyshed was to helle
|How a friar was taken to hell
|In spirit ones by a visioun;
|In spirit, once by a vision;
|And as an angel ladde hym up and doun,
|And as an angel led him up and down,
|To shewen hym the peynes that the were,
|To show him the pains that were there,
|In al the place saugh he nat a frere;
|In the whole place he saw not one friar;
|Of oother folk he saugh ynowe in wo.
|He saw enough of other folk in woe.
|Unto this angel spak the frere tho:
|To the angel spoke the friar thus:
|Now, sire, quod he, han freres swich a grace
|"Now sir," said he, "Are friars in such good grace
|That noon of hem shal come to this place?
|That none of them come to this place?"
|Yis, quod this aungel, many a millioun!
|"Yes," answered the angel, "many a million!"
|And unto sathanas he ladde hym doun.
|And the angel led him down to Satan.
|--And now hath sathanas,--seith he,--a tayl
|He said, "And Satan has a tail,
|Brodder than of a carryk is the sayl.
|Broader than a large ship's sail.
|Hold up thy tayl, thou sathanas!--quod he;
|Hold up your tail, Satan!" he ordered.
|--shewe forth thyn ers, and lat the frere se
|"Show your arse, and let the friar see
|Where is the nest of freres in this place!--
|Where the nest of friars is in this place!"
|And er that half a furlong wey of space,
|And before half a furlong of space,
|Right so as bees out swarmen from an hyve,
|Just as bees swarm from a hive,
|Out of the develes ers ther gonne dryve
|Out of the devil's arse there drove
|Twenty thousand freres on a route,
|Twenty thousand friars on a route,
|And thurghout helle swarmed al aboute,
|And they swarmed all over hell,
|And comen agayn as faste as they may gon,
|And came again as fast as they had gone,
|And in his ers they crepten everychon.
|And every one crept back into his arse.
|He clapte his tayl agayn and lay ful stille.
|He clapped his tail again and lay very still.<ref>Original e-text available online at the University of Virginia website[2], trans. Wikipedia.</ref>
[edit] Monuments and Tributes
A building has been named in Chaucer's honour at the United Kingdom Civil Service College.
[edit] Historical reception and representation
[edit] Manuscripts
As early as 1400, Chaucer's courtly audience grew to include members of the rising literate, middle and merchant classes, which included many Lollard sympathizers who would have been inclined to read Chaucer as one of their own, particularly in his satirical writings about priests and various religions. We would not have so many manuscripts of Chaucer's works today if this group of readers had not created a great demand for them.
[edit] Printed books
Early on, representations of Chaucer began to circle around two co-existing identities: 1) a courtier and a king's man, an international humanist familiar with the classics and continental greats; 2) a man of the people, a plain-style satirist and a critic of the church. All things to all people (barring some sensitive moralists), for a combination of mixed aesthetic and political reasons, Chaucer was held in high esteem by high and low audiences--certainly a boon for printers and booksellers. [http://www.uwm.edu/Library/special/exhibits/clastext/clspg073.htm The sixteenth-century folio editions of Chaucer's Works were seminal events in the construction of this national literary forefather who could be read in support of both radical and conservative positions as well as different historical narratives: a popular, reformation from below and a court-controlled reformation from above.
In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, Chaucer was printed more than any other English author, and he was the first author to have his works collected in comprehensive single-volume editions in which a Chaucer canon began to cohere. Some scholars contend that that sixteenth-century editions of Chaucer's Works set the precedent for all other English authors in terms of presentation, prestige and success in print. These editions certainly established Chaucer's reputation, but they also began the complicated process of reconstructing and frequently inventing Chaucer's biography and the canonical list of works attributed to him.
William Caxton's two folio editions of The Canterbury Tales were published in 1478 and 1483. Richard Pynson, the King's Printer for about twenty years, was the first to collect and sell something that resembled an edition of the collected works of Chaucer, introducing in the process five previously printed texts that are not Chaucer's. (The collection is actually three separately printed texts, or collections of texts, bound together as one volume.) There is a likely connection between Pynson's product and William Thynne's a mere six years later. Thynne had a successful career from the 1520s until his death in 1546, when he was one of the masters of the royal household. His editions of Chaucers Works in 1532 and 1542 were the first major contributions to the existence of a widely recognized Chaucerian canon. Thynne represents his edition as a book sponsored by and supportive of the king who is praised in the preface by Sir Brian Tuke. Thynne's canon brought the number of apocryphal works associated with Chaucer to a total of 28, even if that was not his intention. As with Pynson, once included in the Works, pseudepigraphic texts stayed within it, regardless of their first editor's intentions.
Probably the most significant aspect of the growing apocrypha is that, beginning with Thynne's editions, it began to include medieval texts that made Chaucer appear as a proto-Protestant Lollard, primarily the Testament of Love and The Plowman's Tale. As "Chaucerian" works that were not considered apocryphal until the late nineteenth century, these medieval texts enjoyed a new life, with English Protestants carrying on the earlier Lollard project of appropriating existing texts and authors who seemed sympathetic--or malleable enough to be construed as sympathetic--to their cause. The official Chaucer of the early printed volumes of his Works was construed as a proto-Protestant as the same was done, concurrently, with William Langland and Piers Plowman. The famous Plowman's Tale did not enter Thynne's Works until the second, 1542 edition. Its entry was surely facilitated by Thynne's inclusion of Thomas Usk's Testament of Love in the first edition. The Testament of Love imitates, borrows from, and thus resembles Usk's contemporary, Chaucer. (Testament of Love also appears to borrow from Piers Plowman.) Since the Testament of Love mentions its author's part in a failed plot (book 1, chapter 6), his imprisonment, and (perhaps) a recantation of (possibly Lollard) heresy, all this was associated with Chaucer. (Usk himself was executed as a traitor in 1388.) Interestingly, John Foxe took this recantation of heresy as a defense of the true faith, calling Chaucer a "right Wiclevian" and (erroneously) identifying him as a schoolmate and close friend of John Wycliffe at Merton College, Oxford. (Thomas Speght is careful to highlight these facts in his editions and his "Life of Chaucer.") No other sources for the Testament of Love exist--there is only Thynne's construction of whatever manuscript sources he had.
John Stow (1525-1605) was an antiquarian and also a chronicler. His edition of Chaucer's Works in 1561 brought the apocrypha to more than 50 titles. More were added in the seventeenth century, and they remained as late as 1810, well after Thomas Tyrwhitt pared the canon down in his 1775 edition. The compilation and printing of Chaucer's works was, from its beginning, a political enterprise, since it was intended to establish an English national identity and history that grounded and authorized the Tudor monarchy and church. What was added to Chaucer often helped represent him favourably to Protestant England.
In his 1598 edition of the Works, Speght (probably taking cues from Foxe) made good use of Usk's account of his political intrigue and imprisonment in the Testament of Love to assemble a largely fictional "Life of Our Learned English Poet, Geffrey Chaucer." Speght's "Life" presents readers with an erstwhile radical in troubled times much like their own, a proto-Protestant who eventually came around the king's views on religion. Speght states that "In the second year of Richard the second, the King tooke Geffrey Chaucer and his lands into his protection. The occasion wherof no doubt was some daunger and trouble whereinto he was fallen by favouring some rash attempt of the common people." Under the discussion of Chaucer's friends, namely John of Gaunt, Speght further explains:
- Yet it seemeth that [Chaucer] was in some trouble in the daies of King Richard the second, as it may appeare in the Testament of Loue: where hee doth greatly complaine of his owne rashnesse in following the multitude, and of their hatred of him for bewraying their purpose. And in that complaint which he maketh to his empty purse, I do find a written copy, which I had of Iohn Stow (whose library hath helped many writers) wherein ten times more is adjoined, then is in print. Where he maketh great lamentation for his wrongfull imprisonment, wishing death to end his daies: which in my iudgement doth greatly accord with that in the Testament of Love. Moreover we find it thus in Record.
Later, in "The Argument" to the Testament of Love, Speght adds:
- Chaucer did compile this booke as a comfort to himselfe after great griefs conceiued for some rash attempts of the commons, with whome he had ioyned, and thereby was in feare to loose the fauour of his best friends.
Speght is also the source of the famous tale of Chaucer being fined for beating a Franciscan friar in Fleet Street, as well as a fictitious coat of arms and family tree. Ironically--and perhaps consciously so--an introductory, apologetic letter in Speght's edition from Francis Beaumont defends the unseemly, "low," and bawdy bits in Chaucer from an elite, classicist position. Francis Thynne noted some of these inconsistencies in his Animadversions, insisting that Chaucer was not a commoner, and he objected to the friar-beating story. Yet Thynne himself underscores Chaucer's support for popular religious reform, associating Chaucer's views with his father William Thynne's attempts to include The Plowman's Tale and The Pilgrim's Tale in the 1532 and 1542 Works.
The myth of the Protestant Chaucer continues to have a lasting impact on a large body of Chaucerian scholarship. Though it is extremely rare for a modern to scholar to suggest Chaucer supported a religious movement that didn't exist until nearly a century after his death, the predominance of this thinking for so many centuries left it for granted that Chaucer was at least extremely hostile toward Catholicism. This assumption forms a large part of many critical approaches to Chaucer's works, including neo-Marxism.
[edit] Foxe's Chaucer
Alongside Chaucer's Works, the most impressive literary monument of the period is John Foxe's Acts and Monuments.... As with the Chaucer editions, it was critically significant to English Protestant identity and included Chaucer in its project. Foxe's Chaucer both derived from and contributed to the printed editions of Chaucer's Works, particularly the pseudepigrapha. Jack Upland was first printed in Foxe's Acts and Monuments, and then it appeared in Speght's edition of Chaucer's Works. Speght's "Life of Chaucer" echoes Foxe's own account, which is itself dependent upon the earlier editions that added the Testament of Love and The Plowman's Tale to their pages. Like Speght's Chaucer, Foxe's Chaucer was also a shrewd (or lucky) political survivor. In his 1563 edition, Foxe "thought it not out of season . . . to couple . . . some mention of Geoffrey Chaucer" with a discussion of John Colet, a possible source for John Skelton's character Colin Clout.
Probably referring to the 1542 Act for the Advancement of True Religion, Foxe says he "marvel[s] to consider . . . how the bishops, condemning and abolishing all manner of English books and treatises which might bring the people to any light of knowledge, did yet authorise the works of Chaucer to remain still and to be occupied; who, no doubt, saw into religion as much almost as even we do now, and uttereth in his works no less, and seemeth to be a right Wicklevian, or else there never was any. And that, all his works almost, if they be thoroughly advised, will testify (albeit done in mirth, and covertly); and especially the latter end of his third book of the Testament of Love . . . . Wherein, except a man be altogether blind, he may espy him at the full : although in the same book (as in all others he useth to do), under shadows covertly, as under a visor, he suborneth truth in such sort, as both privily she may profit the godly-minded, and yet not be espied of the crafty adversary. And therefore the bishops, belike, taking his works but for jests and toys, in condemning other books, yet permitted his books to be read."
It is significant, too, that Foxe's discussion of Chaucer leads into his history of "The Reformation of the Church of Christ in the Time of Martin Luther" when "Printing, being opened, incontinently ministered unto the church the instruments and tools of learning and knowledge; which were good books and authors, which before lay hid and unknown. The science of printing being found, immediately followed the grace of God; which stirred up good wits aptly to conceive the light of knowledge and judgment: by which light darkness began to be espied, and ignorance to be detected; truth from error, religion from superstition, to be discerned."
Foxe downplays Chaucer's bawdy and amorous writing, insisting that it all testifies to his piety. Material that is troubling is deemed metaphoric, while the more forthright satire (which Foxe prefers) is taken literally.
[edit] List of works
The following major works are in rough chronological order but scholars still debate the dating of most of Chaucer's output and works made up from a collection of stories may have been compiled over a long period.
[edit] Major works
- Translation of Roman de la Rose, possibly extant as The Romaunt of the Rose
- The Book of the Duchess
- The House of Fame
- Anelida and Arcite
- The Parliament of Fowls
- Translation of Boethius' Consolation of Philosophy as Boece
- Troilus and Criseyde
- The Legend of Good Women
- Treatise on the Astrolabe
- The Canterbury Tales
[edit] Short poems
- An ABC
- Chaucers Wordes unto Adam, His Owne Scriveyn
- The Complaint unto Pity
- The Complaint of Chaucer to his Purse
- The Complaint of Mars
- The Complaint of Venus
- A Complaint to His Lady
- The Former Age
- Fortune
- Gentilesse
- Lak of Stedfastnesse
- Lenvoy de Chaucer a Scogan
- Lenvoy de Chaucer a Bukton
- Proverbs
- To Rosemounde
- Truth
- Womanly Noblesse
- Escape
[edit] Poems dubiously ascribed to Chaucer
- Against Women Unconstant
- A Balade of Complaint
- Complaynt D'Amours
- Merciles Beaute
- The Visioner's Tale
- The Equatorie of the Planets - A rough translation of a Latin work derived from an Arab work of the same title. It is a description of the construction and use of what is called an 'equatorium planetarum', and was used in calculating planetary orbits and positions (at the time it was believed the sun orbited the Earth). The similar Treatise on the Astrolabe, not usually doubted as Chaucer's work, plus Chaucer's name as a gloss to the manuscript are the main pieces of evidence for the ascription to Chaucer. However, the evidence Chaucer wrote such a work is questionable, and as such is not included in The Riverside Chaucer. If Chaucer did not compose this work, it was probably written by a contemporary.
[edit] Works mentioned by Chaucer, presumed lost
- Of the Wreched Engendrynge of Mankynde, possible translation of Innocent III's De miseria conditionis humanae
- Origenes upon the Maudeleyne
- The book of the Leoun - The Book of the Leon is mentioned in Chaucer's retraction at the end of The Canterbury Tales. It is likely he wrote such a work; one suggestion is that the work was such a bad piece of writing it was lost, but if so, Chaucer would not have included it in the middle of his retraction. Indeed, he would not have included it at all. A likely source dictates it was probably a 'redaction of Guillaume de Machaut's 'Dit dou lyon,' a story about courtly love, a subject which Chaucer scholars agree he frequently wrote about (Le Romaunt de Rose).
[edit] Pseudepigraphies and Works Plagiarizing Chaucer
- The Pilgrim's Tale -- Written in the sixteenth-century with many Chaucerian allusions
- The Plowman's Tale AKA The Complaint of the Ploughman -- A Lollard satire later appropriated as a Protestant text
- Pierce the Ploughman's Crede -- A Lollard satire later appropriated by Protestants
- The Ploughman's Tale -- Its body is largely a version of Thomas Hoccleve's "Item de Beata Virgine"
- "La Belle Dame Sans Merci" -- Richard Roos' translation of a poem of the same name by Alain Chartier
- The Testament of Love -- Actually by Thomas Usk
- Jack Upland -- A Lollard satire
- God Spede the Plow -- Borrows parts of Chaucer's Monk's Tale
[edit] Notes
<references />
[edit] See also
- Literature
- Middle English
- Middle English literature
- Medieval literature
- Chaucer College, a graduate school of the University of Kent, England; North Petherton.
- Asteroid 2984 Chaucer, named after the poet
- The movie A Knight's Tale took its name from The Knight's Tale, one of The Canterbury Tales, and a fictionalised Chaucer himself appears as a character in it (played by Paul Bettany), as do characters loosely based on the Pardoner and the Summoner.
- John V. Fleming, an eminent Princeton Chaucerian
[edit] External links
- Poems by Geoffrey Chaucer at PoetryFoundation.org
- Works by Geoffrey Chaucer at Project Gutenberg
- Luminarium: Geoffrey Chaucer Life, works, numerous essays
- Chaucer's Official Life by James Root Hulbert
- Anthology of Middle English Literature
- Early Editions of Chaucer
- BBC television adaptation of certain of the Canterbury Tales
- Geoffrey Chaucer - Radio broadcast, In Our Time, 9 February 2006, BBC Radio 4 broadcast (includes link to Listen Again)
- "Geoffrey Chaucer Hath a Blog" (A Chaucer parody blog)
- The Canterbury Tales and Other Poems
- Troilus and Creseyde
Educational institutions
- Caxton's Chaucer Complete digitized texts of Caxton's two earliest editions of the Canterbury Tales from the British Library
- Chaucer Metapage - Project in addition to the 33rd International Congress of Medieval Studies
- Chaucer Page by Harvard University
- Three near-contemporary portraits of Chaucer
- Astronomy & Astrology in Chaucer's Work
|Chaucer, Geoffrey
|English author and poet
|c. 1343
|October 25, 1400

als:Geoffrey Chaucer be:Джэфры Чосэр bs:Geoffrey Chaucer bg:Джефри Чосър cv:Джефри Чосер cs:Geoffrey Chaucer de:Geoffrey Chaucer es:Geoffrey Chaucer eo:Geoffrey Chaucer fa:جفری چاوسر fr:Geoffrey Chaucer gl:Geoffrey Chaucer hr:Geoffrey Chaucer id:Geoffrey Chaucer it:Geoffrey Chaucer he:ג'פרי צ'וסר lb:Geoffrey Chaucer nl:Geoffrey Chaucer ja:ジェフリー・チョーサー no:Geoffrey Chaucer pl:Geoffrey Chaucer pt:Geoffrey Chaucer ro:Geoffrey Chaucer ru:Чосер, Джефри simple:Geoffrey Chaucer fi:Geoffrey Chaucer sv:Geoffrey Chaucer tr:Geoffrey Chaucer tg:Ҷеффри Чосер ur:چاسر zh:杰弗里·乔叟
Categories: 1343 births | 1400 deaths | English poets | English Poets Laureate | Middle English poets | British civil servants | Members of the pre-1707 English Parliament | English astrologers | Medieval writers | Astrologers


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Shelley – Insomnia, High Blood Pressure, High Cholesterol
Shelley has been on medications for 4-5 years for her insomnia. She came to see Dr. Tong and after a couple of treatments, she is able to sleep better. Shelley has been off of her medications for 2-2.5 weeks now.*
*Patient results may vary and there is no guarantee of performance.


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Doctors Lounge - Chest Answers
"The information provided on www.doctorslounge.com is designed to support, not replace, the relationship that exists between a patient/site visitor and his/her physician."
Forum Name: Asthma
Question: How long until Advair starts working???
|hogansmom - Mon Oct 10, 2005 12:59 pm
Share |
I've been having breathing problems (shortness of breath, coughing) for several months and have been diagnosed with GERD and mild asthma. The acid reflux is now under control with the use of Protonix and my doctor has just prescribed Advair to treat the asthma. I've been taking it twice a day for three days now and am still having episodes of breathing difficulty. How long does it take to notice improvement with Advair?
|R. Zein, Pharm D - Mon Oct 10, 2005 2:48 pm
Share |
Fluticasone; Salmeterol is a combination of a corticosteroid and a beta-agonist administered by inhalation for treating asthma.
Advair™ is not indicated for acute bronchospasm. An inhaled short-acting beta2-agonist may be taken for immediate relief of acute symptoms.
SO you should be using short acting bronchodilater for acute asthma attacks, like albuterol. advair is indicated for maintainance of asthyma, not acute ones.
thank you and i hope you feel better.
|| Check a doctor's response to similar questions
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Chris Packham flees Malta on back of giant eagle
TELEVISION naturalist Chris Packham has escaped Maltese police custody with the help of birds.
William goes into 'tyrant mode'
PRINCE William has lapsed into behaving like a 16th century tyrant during his tour of Australia.
William only meant that shawl was dreadful
PRINCE William only asked a New Zealand woman to make another baby shawl because the first one was so shit.
Prince George told to get used to this shit
PRINCE George has has his first taste of the lifetime of tribal dances and military parades stretching out before him.
What about Keith f*cking Richards? Nigella asks America
NIGELLA Lawson has asked the US how come she gets barred but Keith Richards wanders in and out like he owns the place.
Prince George now a healthy young spaniel
PRINCE George has grown into a bouncing, bright-eyed cocker spaniel, new pictures have revealed.
Celebrity marriage doesn't fail
GWYNETH Paltrow and Chris Martin's marriage has succeeded in a splitting up kind of way, they have announced.
Hawking admits quantum gambling habit
STEPHEN Hawking has made millions by using quantum theory in gambling, he has revealed.


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|Reviews for More Then A Friend
| EloquentLady chapter 19 . 4/22/2015
Your So EVIL! i like it make a sequal lol!
| Rainbow Pierrot chapter 18 . 10/18/2012
a pharaoh of a distant country...? you know they only ever had pharaohs in egypt right? lol
| Rainbow Pierrot chapter 5 . 10/18/2012
its a good story that i enjoy but you have a lot of grammar mistakes, especially in chapter 3 and you keep changing tenses
| Ligeia1987 chapter 2 . 5/22/2012
It's just to ask you the permission to translate your story in French?
Because this pairing is totally unknown! And I would like that people discover it - even if it's quiet surprising on a first look to imagine Moses and Ramses as a couple and rightly because it's surprising
Hoping to have a positive answer!
Good evening,
| Akiza Copperfield chapter 18 . 3/20/2012
Awesome story please update soon
| Queen Mab the Eccentric chapter 14 . 2/25/2012
these were both GREAT updates! my heart hurt for Ramses, it truly did XD poor dear, i'm so happy that they're on 'good terms' again. these two chapters truly made my day!
| Queen Mab the Eccentric chapter 12 . 2/23/2012
I really hope Moses is okay! This was a great update! I feel bad for Ramses, this probably hurts alot for him :( Can't wait for more :D
| Queen Mab the Eccentric chapter 10 . 2/11/2012
this is shaping up into a really good story! this chapter was great too, nicely done i can't wait for more


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Added on 02-Oct-2001
Guitarist magazine, who will be featuring Brian in their forthcoming November 2001 issue are having a best Rock Band poll.Go to http://www.guitarist.co.uk/news/news_page.asp?ID=4764 and vote for Queen as the best rock band ever. At the moment they are joint top with Led Zepp (25% each) lets see them at the top...ya?!
Submitted by:
James Oliver


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Hey there!
This is just a short story about when Stoick calls Hiccup a useless Viking – in a kind way because he's not, he's a Dragon Boy (notice 'boy' and not 'tamer'. I don't like to think of the dragons as pets, they are equals to me. God, I sound like I should be preaching :-S).
Anyway, in this, the village of Berk can understand Dragonese, which is written in italics.
So, enjoy!
PS, I promise to update BOANF soon! andPLEASE COMMENT AND REVIEW!
Edit: Thanks to 'just me' for pointing out some errors in this story, I hope I've found them all know!
'Hiccup, we've talked about this before – you can't do physical training because you... can't' stated the large burly man, known as Stoick the Vast, now famous for sitting on a Monstrous Nightmare's neck instead of slicing an axe through it.
'So what are you saying, that I'm not capable of it?' replied the much smaller and surprisingly related boy, standing from his seat at the table in a desperate effort to seem bigger and more imposing on his father, but as he now only just reached Stoick's eye level, it failed miserably.
'Hiccup, don't take this the wrong way, but yes. Look at you, your arms wouldn't be able to pull a bow string let alone swing a hammer – just lifting it like you do in the forge just isn't the same. Your hands are made for inventing and calming dragons, THAT'S what you do.'
'Oh thanks dad. Training.What could happen to me in training?'
'Hiccup, with the rest of your friends in there too you would get hit and even a blunt sword can break bones. I won't have you putting yourself in unnecessary risks.' With that last fact, Stoick stood up, instantly dwarfing Hiccup in his bear fur jacket, looking like nothing more than a stick insect when the two were compared.
'Dad, please. If we were ever invaded, how would I defend myself?' Hiccup begged, standing in front of the door to stop his seemingly uncaring father from leaving.
'The people of Berk would protect you Hiccup, we all owe you our lives and I'm going to start repaying that debt by not letting you hurt yourself.' The two had been at it for at least an hour now, each one putting forth their argument only to have the other say it was meaningless seconds later, so the big black dragon now taking residence in the Haddock house soundlessly paced towards them; accidentally giving Stoick another point to argue. 'Besides, I think Toothless here would stay with you no matter what happened to the rest of us.'
'Wow Stoick, I must still be dreaming... Did you just say something right?'
'Stop with all your mic taking beast, I'm trying to stop Hiccup here almost killing himself. Again.'
'Are you still arguing about that damn training?'asked Toothless, tempted to return to his bed sensing another long hour of raised voices.
'Yes we are Toothless' commented Hiccup, scratching his best friend behind the ear trying to win his support 'only so far neither has won.'
'Look, I'm not going to let this go. Hiccup, you're not... enough to do this' replied Stoick, murmuring and coughing over the missing word.
'Not what? Big, strong, take your pick!' Shouted Hiccup, this becoming one of the veryrare times he would actually shout, it being the first time it was at his father.
'Not VIKING enough! Ok! At the first sight of an axe you run, at the sheer sound of a sword battle you run' Stoick retorted, looking hiccup straight in the eye. 'Hiccup, you're not war material, your too... cowardly, and weak.'
'ENOUGH'roared the Night Fury, feeling insulted for his friend at the last comment. 'Hiccup is by no means cowardly. He is probably one of the bravest among you. No one tried out Hiccup's inventions on us dragons when we were at war, fearing one would actually work and the 'scrawny' child who made it would put the professionals to shame. I have seen them myself and Iknowthey would work, given a chance.'Growled Toothless, edging forwards towards Stoick who looked at him straight back, not showing any fear.
Not one of you so called 'brave' Vikings dared show a bit of kindness to dragons when we were at war. No one dared to free a dragon that could cause you no harm; not even a TERROR! Was Hiccup so weak he didn't approach me alone? Was he so weak he didn't try and touch the most feared thing in your whole society? Half of the people here would rather go to ragnarok than meet me.
But then Hiccup comes along and dares to free the most sought after dragon, me, and not only comes back after nearly losing his life, he dares to make friends with him, dares to comfort him and dares to fix him. So, Stoick, don't ever call Hiccup a coward while I'm around again or you'll lose that pretty mouth of yours all together.' Finished Toothless, trying to keep his dark-and-scary face on but a smug one was showing through.
'Is that a challenge?' asked Stoick, reaching towards the nearest hammer hanging from the wall, just in case the new, honorary 'Haddock' decided to have a small frenzy.
'No, it wasn't' butted in Hiccup, speaking up from his dazed state his best friends speech had left him in. 'I'm pretty sure it was a fact, besides, you two are not ever going to fight, never, got it?' he asked, glancing between the two much larger beings who both lowered their heads - just only slightly in Stoick's case. Leaning forwards onto the dragons neck, Hiccup breathed a quiet 'thanks' before looking back towards his dad.
'Well, it seems I may have been wrong about you being a complete coward Hiccup, and I'll hold my hands up to that. But you're still not going training.'
Damn that Viking stubbornness!Though Hiccup, but a quick 'persuasive talk' from Toothless soon got Stoick to change his mind. Ahhh, How Hiccup loved his dragon.
Well, here's to the first of many more one shots/drabbles/one-off's, whatever you want to call them. If anyone has any recommendations to short stories that I do, please do tell me in a review or pm. The only condition is that it must involve Toothless!
Thanks for reading,


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Bruno found not guilty
The jury has reached their verdict in the Joe Bruno corruption trial, and they find Bruno not guilty on both fraud charges.
This follows some questions arising late this morning. Members of the jury sent back a note to judge Gary Sharpe apparently indicating that one member of the panel had told her boss that she was serving on this proceeding. Question was: should the juror be replaced?
After several minutes, both the prosecution and defense agreed to allow the deliberations to continue, but judge Sharpe was concerned that there may be more to this somehow.
Again, Joe Bruno not guilty on both counts, stay tuned to News Radio 810 and 103-1 WGY Friday afternoon for more on this developing story.


text: The location of the hotel is perfect! We were in our honeymoon and as a present from the hotel got room upgrade.We had a room on 17th floor with perfect view on central park. But unfortunately next morning we heard terrible noise. Somebody was ruining our room! Some construction works are still in process on upper floors, so be carefull.... More