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Robert J. Marzano, Senior Advisor
Robert Marzano, Ph.D., is the Chief Executive Officer of Marzano Research in Centennial, Colorado. Dr. Marzano's research has been synthesized into a multitude of practical books for educators. His work includes standards development and translation into classroom instruction and assessment techniques, evaluation studies and classroom research, and K-12 curriculum development.
Dr. Marzano earned his bachelor of arts at Iona College in New Rochelle, New York and his master of education at Seattle University in Washington. He also received his Ph.D. in Curriculum and Instruction from the University of Washington, Seattle. Dr. Marzano has received the Teacher's Choice Award for his book, Formative Assessment and Standards-Based Grading. He has also been awarded the Brock International Prize in Education, has been named Outstanding Researcher in the Field of Reading by the Colorado Council of the International Reading Association, and was a finalist for the National Council of Teachers of English competition for "Promising Researcher." email@example.com
Terri L. Martin, Director
Terri Martin, Ed.D., serves as Director of the Regional Educational Laboratory Central, as well as Executive vice-president of Marzano Research Laboratory. As Director she provides day to day support to all task leads and subcontractors and has led the growth and work of research alliances in the region. She also assists with research studies and projects from development through implementation and dissemination.
She has worked in the field of education since 1981 as a teacher, administrator, coordinator, director, and professional developer focusing on topics such as: educational leadership, professional learning communities, curriculum and assessment development, action research and data use. She has worked internationally and has presented to state departments, school districts leaders, administrators and teachers in over 40 states.
Dr. Martin previously served as director of school improvement initiatives for the Missouri Department of Elementary and Secondary Education She led staff located in 10 regional professional development centers providing school improvement support for over 100 school districts. She provided professional development for the department in creating a collaborative work environment.
She is the author or coauthor of several articles and one book: Increasing Student Achievement: An Educational Leader's Guide to a Purposeful School. She was vice president of field services at Solution Tree Inc. and worked with educational authors such as Dr. Victoria Bernhardt, Dr. Richard DuFour and Dr. Robert Marzano.
She holds a Doctorate in educational administration from the University of Missouri, along with a specialist degree in elementary education and a Master's Degree in early childhood education. Previously she was an adjunct faculty member for the University of Missouri and Columbia College teaching courses in Action Research, Change Theory, Behavior Management and Literacy. email@example.com
Trudy L. Cherasaro, Deputy Director
Trudy L. Cherasaro, Ph.D., serves as Deputy Director of the Regional Educational Laboratory Central and is a Senior Researcher at Marzano Research. Currently Dr. Cherasaro leads research and technical support projects under the Regional Educational Laboratory contract. Prior to joining Marzano Research, Dr.Cherasaro directed several research and evaluation projects. Most recently, she directed the evaluation of the teacher performance assessment system in Denver Public Schools, the evaluation of a Teacher Quality Enhancement grant at Metropolitan State College of Denver and served as a study director on a large scale randomized controlled trial of a supplemental vocabulary program.
Dr. Cherasaro has provided leadership in the evaluation of several federally funded state and district initiatives including the Early Reading First program in Des Moines, Iowa, the Reading First Initiative in Virginia, South Dakota and the Advanced Placement Incentive Program in Maine. She also served as a Coordinator of Research and Evaluation in Albemarle County Public Schools in Virginia where she directed the evaluation of district- and school-based programs and initiatives, advised leadership on district and school improvement planning, and advised instructional administrators, principals, and lead teachers on the development, analysis and administration of assessments. She has taught graduate and certification courses in instructional strategies, curriculum differentiation, gifted education, child development, research methods, and standards and assessment. Dr. Cherasaro holds a Ph.D. in Educational Psychology from the University of Virginia and is certified as a What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) reviewer. firstname.lastname@example.com
Shelley H. Billig, Associate Director
Shelley Billig, Ph.D., is the Vice President of RMC Research Corporation in Denver, Colorado. She serves as Principal Investigator of several national, state, and local research and evaluation projects, is Associate Director of the Southwest Comprehensive Center, and is on the board of several research journals. She also serves as the qualitative team leader for the Broad Prize for Urban District Excellence and the director of qualitative research for the Broad Prize for Charter School Management Organizations. In the past, Dr. Billig has served as Director of the Title I Technical Assistance Center and the Director of the Rural Technical Assistance Center.
Dr. Billig received her bachelor of arts from Boston University where she graduated Magna Cum Laude. She earned her master of arts degree and Ph.D. in sociology from Tufts University in Medford, Massachusetts. She graduated both with honors and was awarded a Predoctoral Fellowship from the Andrew Mellon Foundation at Tufts University, has been designated as a Distinguished Scholar by the International Association of Research in Service-Learning and Community Engagement. firstname.lastname@example.com
John T. Sutton, Deputy Associate Director
John Sutton, Ph.D., is a Senior Research Associate at RMC Research Corporation in Denver, Colorado. He is the Evaluation Director for a number of different state Math and Science Partnerships. In this role, he is responsible for instrument selection and administration, data collection, data analysis, report writing, and state and national conference presentations. Dr. Sutton has previous experience as a classroom teacher, K-12 Mathematics Consultant, and Assistant Superintendent.
Dr. Sutton earned his bachelor of science degree and his master of arts degree in mathematics education from the University of Iowa. He also received his Ph.D. from the University of Iowa in mathematics education and administration. Dr. Sutton has received the Nebraska Science KICKS Recognition Award, the Council of State Science Supervisors Recognition Award, the Catalyst Award from the Nebraska Association of Teachers of Science, and the Association of State Supervisors of Mathematics Recognition firstname.lastname@example.com
Robert M. Palaich, Associate Director
Robert Palaich, Ph.D., is the President of Augenblick, Palaich, and Associates, Inc., in Denver, Colorado. His previous work includes serving as the Vice President of Augenblick, Palaich, and Associates, Inc., as well as Vice President of the Education Commission of the States in Denver, Colorado. He has been the team leader for a variety of education policy-related studies and has experience in project leadership and management, program evaluation and research design, school finance, and state policy analysis and design.
Dr. Palaich earned his bachelor of science degree from the University of Norte Dame in South Bend, Indiana and his master of arts degree in education administration from the Teachers College at Columbia University in New York, New York. email@example.com
Dale M. DeCesare, Deputy Associate Director
Dale DeCesare, J.D., is a Senior Associate with Augenblick, Palaich, and Associates, Inc., in Denver, Colorado. In this role, he leads a variety of education policy studies, works with school districts to identify and address teacher recruitment and retention challenges and to evaluate the impact of education program changes; and conducts evaluations of educational interventions in hard-to-staff schools and schools that struggle to close student achievement gaps.
Mr. DeCesare also has experience working as a writer and policy analyst for the Education Commission of the States in Denver, Colorado. Mr. DeCesare earned his bachelor of arts degree from Trinity University San Antonio, Texas, and his doctor of Jurisprudence from the University of Denver College of Law. He was awarded the American Jurisprudence Award. firstname.lastname@example.com
Stephen J. Meyer, Research and Evaluation Director
Stephen Meyer, Ph.D., is a Senior Research Associate at RMC Research Corporation in Denver, Colorado. He has been responsible for study design and implementation, case study data collection, and analysis for a variety of agencies. He currently works as the Principal Investigator for the Developing a Program of Postsecondary Academic Instruction in State Prisons Study where he examines the effectiveness of a model for delivering postsecondary academic instruction to youth offenders in state prisons. He is also an Evaluator for the National Evaluation of Learn and Serve America which uses an experimental design to measure the impact of service-learning programs on academic and civic outcomes for students.
Dr. Meyer earned his bachelor of arts degree from the University of Wisconsin, Madison, and his Ph.D. in education from the University of Chicago. He has been awarded the Searle Dissertation Fellowship from the University of Chicago, the American Educational Research Association Dissertation Grant, the Spencer Foundation Research Training Grant, the University of Chicago Century Scholarship, and the Scholl Fellowship from the Chapin Hall Center for Children at the University of Chicago. firstname.lastname@example.com
R. Marc Brodersen, Research
R. Marc Brodersen, Ph.D., is a Senior Researcher at Marzano Research. Dr. Brodersen currently serves as director of REL Central's Common Core Research Alliance and leads several technical assistance and analytical support projects for states in the central region. Dr. Brodersen has extensive experience serving as director and quantitative specialists for research and evaluation projects studying educational, non-profit, and health care programs. This work has involved leading a variety of short-term and multi-year formative and summative evaluation and research projects at the local, state, federal, and international levels.
Dr. Brodersen earned his bachelor of science degree from Cal Poly San Luis Obispo, master's degree in Experimental Psychology from Central Washington University, and Ph.D. in Applied Social Psychology from Colorado State University.
Jason E. Harlacher, Research
Jason E. Harlacher, Ph.D., is a Senior Researcher at Marzano Research in Centennial, Colorado. Dr. Harlacher is responsible for designing and facilitating REL Central research projects. Prior to joining Marzano Research, Dr. Harlacher's experience includes working as a school psychologist, as a consultant with schools on Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS) and as a Response to Intervention (RTI) consultant for Colorado Department of Education (CDE) in the RTI/PBIS Unit. He also worked for PBS-Nevada as the state director.
Dr. Harlacher earned a bachelor of arts degree in psychology from Ohio University, master's degree in School Psychology from Utah State University, and Ph.D. in School Psychology from the University of Oregon. Dr. Harlacher holds a license for Nationally Certified School Psychologist (NCSP), and Initial Special Services License (Colorado). email@example.com
Mary Klute, Research
Mary Klute, Ph.D., is a Senior Researcher at Marzano Research in Centennial, Colorado. Dr. Klute earned her bachelor of arts degree in Social Ecology from the University of California, Irvine and her master of science and Ph.D. degrees in Human Development and Family Studies from the Pennsylvania State University. Mary Klute, PhD, is a senior researcher at Marzano Research Laboratory. Dr. Klute is involved with research studies with REL Central's Educator Effectiveness, Formative Assessment, and Systems Development and Improvement Research Alliances. Prior to joining Marzano Research Laboratory, Dr. Klute directed several multisite research and evaluation studies, including the Denver Preschool Program Child Outcomes Evaluation project, evaluations of two Early Reading First grants, and a validation study of a school readiness assessment called the ESTART. She was also senior director of research and evaluation at Clayton Early Learning, a Denver-based nonprofit focused on early childhood education, where much of her work was focused on how early childhood education programs use data for improvement.
Dr. Klute's research has appeared in Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, Early Education and Development, and Early Childhood Research Quarterly. firstname.lastname@example.com
Megan Schutz, Communications Specialist
Megan Schutz is REL Communications Specialist at Marzano Research. Ms. Schutz is responsible managing REL materials, making professional contacts, and providing support for webinars.
Ms. Schutz has a bachelor of science in psychology and a master of science in education from Indiana University in Bloomington, IN. She has worked as an elementary classroom teacher where she was also part of the Positive Behavior Support Team and Teacher Assistance Team. She also has extensive experience working in the Professional Development department at Solution Tree in Bloomington, IN, where she designed multi-year professional development plans for school districts throughout the United States and Canada. firstname.lastname@example.com
Carla Sutton, Dissemination
Carla Sutton, dissemination coordinator for REL Central at Marzano Research in Centennial, Colorado. She has experience as an elementary school teacher, talented and gifted teacher and coordinator; as well as library media specialist and technology coordinator.
Ms. Sutton earned her bachelor of science degree from the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA in Elementary Education. She also has a masters of library science and information management (MLS) from Emporia State University, Emporia KS. She has endorsements in Elementary Education, Reading, School Library Media, Talented and Gifted Education and Instructional Technology. firstname.lastname@example.com
Jon Uebelhor, Fiscal
Jon Uebelhor is an accountant for REL Central at Marzano Research. He has been working in the accounting department at Solution Tree and MRL for almost 4 years. He earned a bachelor of science from Indiana University – Bloomington in accounting, operations management, and technology management. He is also currently in the process of earning his CPA license.
Mr. Uebelhor had the pleasure of being head golf coach at Eastern Greene HS in Bloomfield, IN for 3 seasons while also substitute teaching during that time. He is also actively involved with Young Life, a faith-based, outreach organization for high school students. email@example.com
David C. Yanoski, Research
David C. Yanoski is the Associate Director for Research and Development for Marzano Research. He has 15 years of teaching experience, serving as a classroom teacher, mentor coach and on school leadership teams. In addition, he served on district level curriculum, standard development, assessment development and strategic planning teams.
He has spent the last four years at MRL facilitating, reviewing, and providing feedback on the development of proficiency scales with schools, school districts, states, and national charter school organizations. In addition, he has facilitated the development of a set of proficiency scales based on the Common Core State Standards. He received a bachelor's degree from Midland Lutheran College in Nebraska and an M.A. in education from the University of Phoenix. firstname.lastname@example.com


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Special Report
Excessive moisture slows Missouri planting
Missouri corn planting continues to be slow because of wet weather. This past week, excessive rain allowed only one day suitable for planting.
Corn planting is 28 percent complete, five days behind normal and nine days behind last year at this time. Rice is 13 percent planted and three-percent emerged. Most of the winter wheat crop, 58 percent, is in good to excellent condition.
Rainfall averaged two to nine inches across the state last week making topsoil, not surprisingly, 100 percent adequate to surplus. Spring tillage is three days behind normal.
Flooding is a concern in many areas of southern Missouri. One-hundred-30-thousand acres of farmland in southeast Missouri are at risk as the Corps of Engineers may decide to break a Mississippi River levee for flood control purposes.
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subset: commoncrawl


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- Industries
- Manufacturing
- Construction & Infrastructure
- Demolition & Dismantling
- Food & Beverage
- Water & Wastewater Treatment
- Aquaculture
- Energy
- Chemicals
- Pharma & Biotechnology
- Refining
- Plastics & Rubber
- Glass
- Metal Production & Treatment
- Refrigeration & Air Conditioning
- Environment
- Electronics
- Healthcare
- Emergency Services
- Hospitality
- Cryopreservation
- Universities & Research
The government plans to cut UK CO2 emissions by 34% of 1990 levels by 2020 and at least 80% by 2050.
To achieve these targets, the UK will undergo a transformation to cut emissions from power generation and heavy industry, transport, homes and communities, workplaces and jobs, farming and land and waste management.
The biggest challenge will probably be faced by the power generation industry, which will have to increase the share of renewables and nuclear sources, and by the heavy chemical industry which will have to reduce their CO2 emissions significantly.
BOC understands the challenges ahead. We are equipped to support both sectors with innovative solutions to help the UK's transition into a low carbon economy.
Power Generation
The aging current capacity, the low investment in increasing that capacity in the last 20 years, and the government commitments regarding electricity generation from renewable sources have all played a part in making power generation one of the energy sectors likely to receive the highest levels of investment in the next 10 to 20 years.
Offshore Wind Energy
Performance standards for wind turbine components, particularly those operating offshore, confront manufacturers with tough challenges. BOC offers a number of products and applications that are up to these challenges; helping customers to cost-effectively achieve greater productivity and increased component quality/performance.


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thanks so much for ordering from draw! pilgrim. your printable has been automatically sent to the email address associated with your paypal account. if it's not in your inbox shortly, check your spam folder or trash.
purchased printables can be downloaded 3 times before they 'expire' so be sure to back them up safely!
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How to say Rose in Hindi roʊˈzeɪ
Would you like to know how to translate Rose to Hindi? This page provides all possible translations of the word Rose in the Hindi language.
- गुलाब, गुलाबीHindi
Discuss this Rose Hindi translation with the community:
Use the citation below to add this definition to your bibliography:
"Rose." Definitions.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2017. Web. 21 Jul 2017. </translate/Rose/HI>.


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Shirts, Shirts, Shirts.
Uploaded two more t-shirt designs to my store yesterday:
Already sold two of the bee shirts. More designs to be added over the next few days. I will, of course, keep you posted.
The Big Show and Other Stories.
Just a quick report: the show with Mojave was a smashing success. Sold all but one of the pieces I had for sale, and sold them in the first half hour or so. Had a nice talk with the owner, and it looks like I'll be putting more art up for display/sale there in the near future. And I still want to put on a full-fledged gallery-type show before the end of the summer, and it should be possible to book the room we used last weekend for that very purpose.
Based on the responses I've been getting to my art lately, I want to explore three very specific directions for my painting. To that end I started six new paintings today, though there's not really anything to show at the moment.
I also ponied up the hundred bucks to buy a platinum membership at Imagekind. That gives me added galleries, a custom storefront (which I'm still tweaking), and most importantly a lot more info on sales – detailed figures, and info on where the buyers are and what they bought. Turns out I've made a pretty decent chunk of cash over the last year and a half with Imagekind.
I'm pretty pleased with Redbubble, too. I've recently added t-shirts to my online merchandise, and those are slowly starting to move. Thinking about postcards next.
There's probably more stuff I'm forgetting, but it's late. So I'll just leave you with this recently-completed commission:
Vancouver, BC
May, 2011
P.S. Special thanks to Lisa & Paul, Dan Udey, Susan Burzynski and Mario Loubert.


text: Gallery of Images for The Balloon Main Article • Theories • Main Discussion Henry's balloon discovered in the jungle (Lockdown)Widmore Labs sticker on the side of Henry's balloon (Lockdown)Add a photo to this gallery Retrieved from "http://lost.wikia.com/wiki/The_Balloon/Images?oldid=27468" Ad blocker interference detected! Wikia is a free-to-use site that makes money from advertising. We have a modified experience for viewers using ad blockers Wikia is not accessible if you've made further modifications. Remove the custom ad blocker rule(s) and the page will load as expected. Categories: Galleries Add category Cancel Save


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Let us know when your receive great advice so we can thank our lawyers and point others with similar questions in the right direction.Got it!
I am disabled and don't have that kind of money. I asked for payment plan-they refused and told me that they will put him to sleep or place for adoption. Shelter is Joint Authority founded by 4 cities and city officials are on board of directors.
The way I see it:
1. Charged me for services that I did not authorize.
2. Acting in bad faith.
3. Asking for ransom.
4. Took possession of my property with intent to destroy it, or give it away, without court order which is violation of Constitutional rights, Amendments IV, V and XIV. (I have their admission in writing.)
5. Intentionally damaging my property.
6. Animal mutilation and exposing animal to needles suffering. (CA Penal Code 597)
7. Intentional and/or reckless infliction of emotional distress.
How to proceed?
If your dog was off your property, then animal control has the authority to impound your animal. They have a duty to contact you if your dog is tagged or chipped and they obtain that information. They are allowed to charge your for medical / boarding / fees for the time that they have custody of your dog. You have said "a few days" so $700 sounds very high. Here is a link to L.A. County Impound fees. http://file.lacounty.gov/dacc/cms1_135951.pdf
Unfortunately, the legal theories you listed above do not apply here because as a dog owner, you have a duty to comply with the ordinances applicable to dog ownership. When your dog escaped and was "at large" in the community, public safety becomes and issue and animal control can impound your dog as a result. If your dog was not licensed and had not received updated rabies and other vaccines, animal control would have given your dog the necessary vaccines to make it safe for your dog to be boarded with other dogs.
You will need to raise the money for your dog to be returned. I suggest asking friends and family to chip in. Unfortunately, the impound fees will increase with every day your dog is at the shelter.
This post and any other internet postings are for informational purposes only. Internet postings are not legal advice. No comments, answers, or other postings should be taken as legal advice. Internet postings do not create an attorney-client relationship. Receipt or viewing of content of an internet posting does not constitute an attorney-client relationship. There is no representation, warranty or guarantee that postings or comments are accurate. Please feel free to give us a call at the office if you would like a formal case evaluation. Best of luck with your case. Talitha.Ask a similar question
Thanks for the time you took to give a comprehensive answer. However, my problem is not that they initially impounded the dog. I understand that they had right to do so. My problem begins after I went to the shelter to retrieve the dog, was acknowledged as dog's owner, but did not have money to pay for their fees. They refused to come up with payment plan (as opposed to this particular CITY animal shelter, county animal shelter has provision for payment plan). They did not call me to inform me that dog was with them, and demanded $700, or they will keep the dog. They told me that they will either put him to sleep or put him for adoption if I do not pay immediately. They kept him for additional 10 days and in that time period they neutered him without my approval. The way I see it, they did not have right, or court order to keep my property after I was identified as dog's owner. I was able to get my dog back after I contacted some local politicians, but by that time damage was already done.
I am glad your local politicians helped. Unfortunately, even after animal control knew the dog was yours, they still had a right to detain your dog until you paid the fees. It is sad that they did not use a little discretion under the circumstances (your disability). Regarding the neuter, animal control is fighting a tide of unwanted dogs - and have to put hundreds of perfectly healthy good dogs to sleep every day. If you are not a breeder, it is best your animal is neutered as it avoids behavioral and health issues later. If you are a breeder, then you should have had no problem paying the fine.
Thanks for your quick responses! So far they were not able to provide me with the law that allows them to take possession of my property. If they had issue with payment, they should have taken me to court to enforce payment. They can not take law and execution into their own hands. Constitution guarantees that. Have a wonderful Sunday evening. :)
Here is the CA authority under which AD had the right to impound your dog. You mentioned your dog escaped - which means it was off your property and off leash - "at large". Food and Agricultural Code (Formerly Agricultural Code). Division 14. Regulation and Licensing of Dogs. Chapter 5. Killing and Seizure. Article 1. Generally. § 31101. Seizure and impounding. Any dog which is found running at large without the identification tag or dog license tag which is required pursuant to Section 30951 may be seized and impounded by any peace officer.
That is great info. Thanks! What I found is this: Code 31108: (c) During the holding period required by this section and prior to the adoption or euthanasia of a dog impounded pursuant to this division, a public or private shelter shall scan the dog for a microchip that identifies the owner of that dog and shall make reasonable efforts to contact the owner and notify him or her that his or her dog is impounded and is available for redemption. - THEY DID NOT INFORM ME. Code 31254. The refusal or failure of the owner of any such dog to pay the fee and charges after due notification shall be held to be an abandonment of the dog by the owner. - THIS IS WHERE CONSTITUTION AND THIS LAW COLLIDE. AMENDMENT IV The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. AMENDMENT V No person shall be ... deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation. Current prevailing definition of "public use" is "public purpose or benefit." [Thomas W. Merrill, The Goods, the Bads, and the Ugly, Legal Affairs, Feb 2005, at 16.] The whole Food and Agricultural code is geared towards "public benefit", therefore they fit the bill of "public use". See, I did not abandon my dog, nor refuse to pay. I was not able to pay their asking fee in one lump sum. My inability to pay was caused by the fact that I live on welfare ($516 per month and food stamps). Code 31254 is violating constitutional rights of the whole class of people with limited income and disability. I thank you for this exchange of opinions. I learned a lot! Good night to you! :)
Unfortunately, none of the legal theories you mention above are applicable to your situation. They can do this since your animal was out. You can try putting pressure on the city officials--they are elected, and you can exercise your right to protest peacefully on the sidewalk outside city hall and the shelter--try to get local news media involved. The shelter and city officials will probably not want publicity about how they're refusing a payment plan for a disabled person who wants their animal back.
We do not have an attorney-client relationship. I am not your lawyer. The statements I have made do not constitute legal advice. Any statements I have made are based upon the very limited facts you have presented, and under the premise that you will consult with a local attorney. This is not an attempt to solicit business. This disclaimer is in addition to any disclaimers that this website has made. I am only licensed in California.Ask a similar question
Thanks for the answer. I did what you suggested and through some local politicians I got my dog back, but not before he was castrated. I do not dispute their legal right to take in my dog while he was deemed "stray". Problem arises when I was identified as his owner, dog didn't cause any damage that I needed to pay for, and they still kept him for 10 more days. After I was recognized as his owner, in that time period they neutered him (without my permission) and dog lost 10% of his body weight the last week of stay with them (vet report that I got at his release confirms that).
I'm so happy you got him back. Put pressure on the politicians to make changes at this agency because your dog lost so much weight--I really think an investigation is in order.
Thanks Golnar! I did try to put pressure, but they are ignoring me. As I mentioned above, local politicians are on the Board of Directors at the shelter and they are responsible for their policies. It looks like that without court order they will continue to "take justice into their own hands" and, quite frankly, keep oppressing people without means to pay for their "services".
What a bunch of goons and bullies. I'd organize against them.
Unfortunately, this is one of the ways that they can afford to run their fancy buildings and staff. It is much cheaper to keep fences repaired and gates functioning than to retrieve your dog from the "shelter". Best of luck to you.
I am an Attorney-at-Law, licensed to practice law only in the state of California. Unless we have both signed a formal retainer agreement, you are not my client, and my discussion of issues does not constitute legal advice. Opinions expressed herein are those of the author, and do not necessarily represent the opinions of those who hold other opinions.Ask a similar question
Carefully inspect both local and state laws/ordinances. It is *possible* that an existing law or rule defines what they can (or can't) charge for.Ask a similar question
Thanks Peter!. I checked the rules and there were some charges that were justified, but $300 for some medical charges were not. I never refused to pay for those fees, but I was not able to come up with lump sum payment in short period of time as they demanded.
I will not opine or give you advice on CA law. However, I will offer an observation based on your most recent post. If, and to the extent you have determined payment is appropriate, it sounds like your challenge is financing payment. You want them to finance the payment and they refuse. So why don't you try to borrow the money from friends or family? You might not want to borrow from friends, etc., but what's your primary objective right now - fighting with officials or getting your dog back?
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The Grand Relais Dei Nuraghi Hotel is in Baja Sardinia on the islands northern Emerald Coast and enjoys panoramic views over the Archipelago of La Maddalena and the Gulf of Arzachena. This is a beautiful area and the hotel is completely immersed by green Mediterranean flora, ancient junipers and pink granite rocks that are typical of this part of Sardinia.
The Nuraghi Hotel features 29 junior suites and 4 double rooms, 12 in a central building and 21 spread throughout the hotel gardens. All junior suites have a patio or garden and some even have a private swimming-pool.
The complex itself has a 24 hour reception area, a reading room, a TV lounge and internet facilities (with extra charge). There is an outdoor swimming pool and spacious terraces and gardens where you can relax in the sun. The private beach (200 metres from the main building) is fully equipped, or, if you are feeling energetic then there is a tennis court within 100 metres (with extra charge).
Free parking and mountain bike hire is available for hotel guests, so you can ditch the car and explore this lovely area on two wheels. The Grand Relais Dei Nuraghi Hotel is also home to one of Sardinia's best restaurants, the Casablanca and has a convenient poolside bar for those all important daytime refreshments.
Distance from Airport:
20 miles - Olbia
All have - bathroom/shower - WC - air conditioning - satellite TV - telephone - hairdryer - safe - minibar - furnished terrace or private garden - (certain amenities may be payable locally)
Transfer time:
40 minutes
Eating and Drinking:
The hotel has a restaurant and a bar from which you can enjoy fantastic panoramic views accompanied by excellent cuisine. This is the perfect spot for a romantic candle light dinner (you can even make use of the hotel's babysitting service if traveling with children). Breakfast can be enjoyed in the dining room or in the comfort of your own room and there is an American Bar by the pool which opens from 10am to midnight daily. Snacks are also available poolside or in your room.
Swimming pools:
The hotel has a swimming pool, sun terrace and poolside bar. There are also spacious gardens in which to relax and a private beach just 200 metres away from the hotels main building.
Right choice:
This is the ideal choice for couples and families looking for a good standard of accommodation with an exclusive feel. The beach is just a few steps away and there is a great onsite restaurant.
Suitable for:
Couples and Families


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The Church of Reality is a website that describes a religion based on believing in everything that is real. Their slogan is, "If it's real, we believe in it!"
The question, "What is Real?" is classified as the Sacred Question. The Church of Reality proclaims itself to be about the pursuit of reality, there is no set of dogmatic rules which practioners are comanded to follow. Instead the Church of Reality encourages people to be Explorers discovering reality for themselves. The Church of Reality claims to create a religious identity for people who believe in reality the way it really is.
The Church of Reality website states that it supports good strong healthy communities, education, and anything believed to create a good environment in which to explore reality as the basis for a moral code and a concept of right and wrong in the absence of a deity or holy book.
"Sacred Missions", According to the "Church of Reality" Website
According to the website,these are the "Sacred Missions" of the Church of Reality:
- We believe in reality the way it really is - If it's real - we believe in it. The Church of Reality is a Personal Commitment to the Truth. We believe in real reality, not the way we want reality to be, not our personal reality, but real objective reality the way it really is. We Realists are explorers and we explore the universe together with our minds. We think about thinking. We wonder about wondering. We attempt to understand the Understanding of Understanding. We ponder the Great Questions. We are a curious people and we are bound together in our quest to know the real world that we really live in.
- We spread the Sacred Message - Our mission is to spread the importance of reality everywhere. We raise the awareness of reality and we make reality important. Every time we mention Reality we spread the Sacred Message. We are here to ask the Sacred Question - "What is Real?" We want people to consider reality when making important decisions. By spreading the Sacred Message we cause people to be Real in the Sacred Moment (which is Now). Our mission is to say "Reality" as many times as we can and to get other people to think about reality as often as we can. We want people to be more realistic in their daily lives and to spend more time every day wondering about what is really real.
- We Choose the Sacred Direction - The Sacred Direction is forward - onward and upward. Our Principle of Positive Evolution commits us to envision a future that is better than today. We are one planet and we are all in this together on our little ball in the universe. In order to answer the Sacred Question and explore our reality society must move forward. We take responsibility for our future and we commit to making tomorrow better than today.
- We Honor the Tree of Knowledge - The Tree of Knowledge represents the sum total of all human understanding. It is the shared knowledge of the human race. It is the repository of everything we know. The fact that you can read this comes from having a common language to communicate with. The human race survives and thrives through our shared knowledge. Our understanding of reality and our evolutionary process is through growing the Tree of Knowledge.
- We ask the Sacred Moral Question - The Sacred Moral Question is, "Is this a Good Thing?" What does "good" mean? That too is part of the Sacred Moral Question. Right and Wrong and morality and ethics are all relative to your basic assumptions and goals. We base our morality on reality and it is our duty to make sure that reality is taken into consideration when questions of right and wrong are decided. The commitment to Reality is a commitment to truth, honesty, wisdom, and responsibility. The Church of Reality is committed to getting the moral questions right.
- We Issue the Sacred Challenge - The Sacred Challenge is a challenge to other faiths and religions to ask themselves - "How do we know that what we believe is real?" We in the Church of Reality accept scrutiny and doubt as a way of checking ourselves to make sure that what we believe in is true and correct. Other religions are often required to believe things on blind faith and questioning their beliefs is prohibited. We challenge other religions to test themselves and to be responsible and accountable. Reality is our word and if other religions are going to use our word then anything claimed to be real is subject to reality testing. We believe scrutiny is a good thing and that any religion that refuses to accept scrutiny is admitting by their conduct that what they believe in is fiction.
- We Make it Happen - We are a religion that is an activist religion. We don't just find problems - we solve problems. We are committed to coming up with solutions and to take responsibility to bring the concept into reality. We make sure that the job is done right. We are a community and we do the work to make community work. We go out and learn and we try to understand and we spend a lot of time thinking and we give of ourselves for the common good of all people. In the Spirit of the Tree - our shared knowledge - we support sharing. It is our duty to look around and figure out how to make it all work.
Notable Features of the "Church of Reality", According to its Website
The Church of Reality website says that Realists are required to contribute ideas in a process called Intellectual Tithing. The code of ethics is based on their Sacred Principles. The religion is atheistic unless God shows up physically. Church of Reality followers are said to believe in Original Virtue as opposed to Original Sin. No after life is promised.
The Church of Reality website states that humanity is evolving and promotes the concept that humanity take control of its evolution to progress towards a better tomorrow, through knowledge and technology. According to the website, The Church of Reality rejects the supernatural and is a doubt based religion as opposed to a faith based religion.


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text: Sorting type: Most visited Most visited Alphabetical | [ Pages in category "Crew" CLAMP Ichirō Ōkouchi Sunrise (company) " REDIRECT Crew " Kenji Uchida, Seiji Takeda, Kazumi Kawashiro Ichirou Ohkouchi, Goro Taniguchi Main Staff Subcategories Voice actors Retrieved from "http://codegeass.wikia.com/wiki/Category:Crew?oldid=36140" Ad blocker interference detected! Wikia is a free-to-use site that makes money from advertising. We have a modified experience for viewers using ad blockers Wikia is not accessible if you've made further modifications. Remove the custom ad blocker rule(s) and the page will load as expected. Categories: Content Add category Cancel Save


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Lost Book Club is a feature of ABC.com's website within the area dedicated to Lost, launched in July 2008. It is composed of two parts, one which is a graphically interactive list of literary works featured in the first four seasons of Lost, and the other a discussion board for these books.
The list may be viewed in three ways:
- "Reference" - This choice has three options:
- Dialog - for books referenced in character dialogue
- Background - for books physically used as props or background in scenes
- Show Theme - for books whose storyline and themes are echoed in Lost
- "Book list by season"
- "See all books" - the default: a horizontally flip-scrolling view of all books
Each book in the list includes "Book Details", listing the publisher and year, relevance to Lost, plot synopsis, and in some cases Comments. There is also a link to purchase the book at the ABC TV Store. The entire book list is also available for audio book download at the iTunes music store.
See also
- ABC Medianet/Lost Book Club Release - July 1, 2008 press release from ABC Medianet
- Literary works
- Books on Ben's shelf
- Books on Jack's shelf


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ESTPiper – a web-based analysis pipeline for expressed sequence tags
EST sequencing projects are increasing in scale and scope as the genome sequencing technologies migrate from core sequencing centers to individual research laboratories. Effectively, generating EST data is no longer a bottleneck for investigators. However, processing large amounts of EST data remains a non-trivial challenge for many. Web-based EST analysis tools are proving to be the most convenient option for biologists when performing their analysis, so these tools must continuously improve on their utility to keep in step with the growing needs of research communities. We have developed a web-based EST analysis pipeline called ESTPiper, which streamlines typical large-scale EST analysis components.
The intuitive web interface guides users through each step of base calling, data cleaning, assembly, genome alignment, annotation, analysis of gene ontology (GO), and microarray oligonucleotide probe design. Each step is modularized. Therefore, a user can execute them separately or together in batch mode. In addition, the user has control over the parameters used by the underlying programs. Extensive documentation of ESTPiper's functionality is embedded throughout the web site to facilitate understanding of the required input and interpretation of the computational results. The user can also download intermediate results and port files to separate programs for further analysis. In addition, our server provides a time-stamped description of the run history for reproducibility. The pipeline can also be installed locally, allowing researchers to modify ESTPiper to suit their own needs.
ESTPiper streamlines the typical process of EST analysis. The pipeline was initially designed in part to support the
Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) are generated by single-pass sequencing of complementary DNA (cDNA)
The ESTPiper flow chart is illustrated in figure
Figure 1
Schematic overview of ESTPiper
Schematic overview of ESTPiper. See text for detailed description.
Base calling
ESTPiper incorporates the Phred program
Data cleaning
To obtain high quality EST assemblies, contaminant sequences are properly identified and removed. These include sequences from ligated adaptors, cloning vectors and the bacterial host. ESTPiper first invokes the commonly used LUCY program
ESTs usually correspond to only partial cDNA sequences and they are typically redundant, even when normalized during library construction. Therefore, overlapping EST sequences are commonly assembled to derive a set of unique putative genes (unigenes). ESTPiper provides
Genome alignment
If a draft genome sequence for the species of interest is available, ESTs are routinely aligned to genomic DNA for gene discovery, for annotation of intron-exon structures, and for identifying alternative splice forms. For such purposes, we have also implemented a genome-alignment module. Specifically, the BLAT program
Functional Annotation
The next natural step when processing ESTs is to identify the potential protein products encoded by the clustered unigene sequences, particularly whether they are similar to known sequences in proteomic databases. Therefore, each assembled contig sequence is searched against the UniProt protein database
Microarray oligonucleotide probe design
Despite increasing popularity of whole-genome tiling arrays and expression profiling by direct sequencing, oligonucleotide arrays remain an efficient and cost effective tool for studying co-transcriptional biases of genes on a large scale for species without full-genome sequence information. Therefore, designing microarray oligonucleotide probes is a critical task for biologists to create gene chips for their functional genomic investigations. Previously, our Center conducted an extensive survey to compare the existing microarray probe design programs
Automated Pipeline
Each of the above steps is completely modularized. Therefore, depending on the user's specific needs, multiple entry points into the pipeline are possible. For example, instead of starting with base calling for processing trace files, the user can simply upload pre-processed FASTA-format sequence files and quality scores (perhaps generated by others) into our pipeline for assembly. Similarly, intermediate results can be downloaded from our pipeline (
Results and discussion
Comparison with other existing EST analysis programs
A number of standalone software packages are available for EST data analysis
Table 1
Comparison of the available features of ESTPiper with other web-based EST analysis tools.
Web-based EST analysis pipeline
Base calling
Data cleaning
De novo assembly
Genome alignment
GO analysis
Probe design
Other features
Our workbench is designed for biologists to perform and document computational analysis on EST data. Computational analyses in ESTPiper are documented for reproducibility. For example, the percent identity cutoff limits used by CAP3 program for assembly are recorded, which determines the resulting contigs. Therefore, ESTPiper provides the user with a complete, time-stamped description of ESTPiper's usage history (
We applied ESTPiper to process and analyze a large set of
We conducted both a
Web-based tools are most convenient for biologists to effectively process large EST data sets. To supplement the existing tools, we have developed a comprehensive web-based EST analysis pipeline called ESTPiper that streamlines the numerous EST analysis components and offers unique features such as genome alignment and microarray probe design.
Availability and requirements
The ESTPiper program is freely accessible, using a web browser at
Project name: ESTPiper
Project home page:
Operating systems: Local installation requires Linux/UNIX.
Programming language: Perl, JavaScript, JAVA
License: The software is under the Apache license 2.0.
Authors' contributions
ZT designed and implemented ESTPiper and its web server. JHC contributed to the system design and provided technical assistance with the software implementation. CH critically enhanced the web interface, on-line descriptions, and the probe design module. AS and CH improved the genome alignment module. QD and JC conceived the project and guided the development process. QD and ZT prepared the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
This work was supported in part by the Indiana METACyt Initiative of Indiana University, funded in part through a major grant from the Lilly Endowment, Inc. The project was also supported by the National Science Foundation grant 0221837 "Development of Methods Linking Genomic and Ecological Responses in a Freshwater Sentinel Species", and by the Indiana Center for Insect Genomics project funded through the Indiana 21st Century Research and Technology Fund. We thank Amanda Hemmerich for improving ESTPiper web interface, Rupali Patwardhan for her work on microarray probe design and Phillip Steinbachs for system administrative support. The sequencing was performed at the DOE Joint Genome Institute under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program, and by the University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. W-7405-Eng-48, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. W-7405-ENG-36 and in collaboration with the
Complementary DNA sequencing: expressed sequence tags and human genome project
Expressed sequence tags: alternative or complement to whole genome sequences?
Comparative EST analyses in plant systems
A hitchhiker's guide to expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis
dbEST: database of Expressed Sequence Tags
Comparative plant genomics resources at PlantGDB
Base-calling of automated sequencer traces using phred. I. Accuracy assessment
DNA sequence quality trimming and vector removal
NCBI FTP Site
The UniVec DataBase
CAP3: A DNA sequence assembly program
ECgene: genome-based EST clustering and gene modeling for alternative splicing
BLAT–the BLAST-like alignment tool
Refined annotation of the Arabidopsis genome by complete expressed sequence tag mapping
Gene structure prediction from consensus spliced alignment of multiple ESTs matching the same genomic locus
EST assembly supported by a draft genome sequence: an analysis of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii transcriptome
Improving the Arabidopsis genome annotation using maximal transcript alignment assemblies
The universal protein resource (UniProt)
Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs
The Gene Ontology project in 2008
High-throughput functional annotation and data mining with the Blast2GO suite
Controlling the false discovery rate–a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing
Oligo Design – Survey Of Available Programs
Selection of oligonucleotide probes for protein coding sequences
OrfPredictor: predicting protein-coding regions in EST-derived sequences
PipeOnline 2.0: automated EST processing and functional data sorting
ESTAP–an automated system for the analysis of EST data
ESTWeb: bioinformatics services for EST sequencing projects
ESTprep: preprocessing cDNA sequence reads
ESTAnnotator: A tool for high throughput EST annotation
TIGR Gene Indices clustering tools (TGICL): a software system for fast clustering of large EST datasets
EST pipeline system: detailed and automated EST data processing and mining
PartiGene–constructing partial genomes
EST-PAGE–managing and analyzing EST data
ParPEST: a pipeline for EST data analysis based on parallel computing
Construction and characterization of a rock-cluster-based EST analysis pipeline
EST2uni: an open, parallel tool for automated EST analysis and database creation, with a data mining web interface and microarray expression data integration
OREST: the online resource for EST analysis
preAssemble: a tool for automatic sequencer trace data processing
WebTraceMiner: a web service for processing and mining EST sequence trace files
EGassembler: online bioinformatics service for large-scale processing, clustering and assembling ESTs and genomic DNA fragments
ESTExplorer: an expressed sequence tag (EST) assembly and annotation platform
ESTpass: a web-based server for processing and annotating expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences
e2g: an interactive web-based server for efficiently mapping large EST and cDNA sets to genomic sequences
PROBEmer: A web-based software tool for selecting optimal DNA oligos


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David Robert Jones, 8 January 1947, Brixton, London, England. One of the great enigmas of popular music and certainly the most mercurial, Bowie underwent a veritable odyssey of career moves and minor crises before establishing himself as a major performer. He began playing saxophone during his teens, initially with various school groups. School also contributed to his future pop star career in a more bizarre way as a result of a playground fight, which left the singer with a paralysed pupil (being stabbed in the eye with a school geometry compass). Consequently, he had eyes of a different colour, an accident that later enhanced his otherworldly image. In the early 60s, however, his style was decidedly orthodox, all mod clothes and R&B riffs. Over the next few years, he went through a succession of backing groups including the King Bees, the Manish Boys, the Lower Third and the Buzz. In late 1966, he changed his surname owing to the imminent emergence of Davy...
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text:
Gene discovery using next-generation pyrosequencing to develop ESTs for
Orchids are one of the most diversified angiosperms, but few genomic resources are available for these non-model plants. In addition to the ecological significance,
To maximize sequence diversity, we pooled RNA from 10 samples of different tissues, various developmental stages, and biotic- or abiotic-stressed plants. We obtained 206,960 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) with an average read length of 228 bp. These reads were assembled into 8,233 contigs and 34,630 singletons. The unigenes were searched against the NCBI non-redundant (NR) protein database. Based on sequence similarity with known proteins, these analyses identified 22,234 different genes (E-value cutoff, e-7). Assembled sequences were annotated with Gene Ontology, Gene Family and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Among these annotations, over 780 unigenes encoding putative transcription factors were identified.
Pyrosequencing was effective in identifying a large set of unigenes from
The family of Orchidaceae is the largest family of flowering plants and the number of species may exceed 25,000
The radiation of the orchid family has probably taken place in a comparatively short period as compared with that of most flowering plant families, which had already started to diversify in the Mid-Cretaceous
According to molecular phylogenetic studies, Orchidaceae comprise 5 subfamilies: Apostasioideae, Cypripedioideae, Vanilloideae, Orchidoideae and Epidendroideae. The Apostasioideae is considered the sister group to other orchids. Vanilloideae diverged just before Cypripedioideae. Both subfamilies have relatively low numbers of genera and species. Most of the taxonomic diversity in orchids is in 2 recently expanded sister-subfamilies: Orchidoideae and especially Epidendroideae
The genomic sequence resources currently available for orchids are limited. Very recently, a sketch of the
Massively parallel 454 pyrosequencing has become feasible for increasing sequencing depth and coverage while reducing time, labour, and cost
The genus
In this report, we provide the first comprehensive characterization of the transcriptome of
Table 1
Samples used for transcriptome analysis
flower bud
young leaf
old leaf
cold stressed leaf
cold night temperature -induced spike
Day 5 post anthesis flower
Sequencing and assembly of 454 pyrosequenced ESTs
In total, 207,110 ESTs (minimal size > 50 bp) averaging 230 bp were generated from one pyrosequencing run. Cleaning (removal of primer, polyA tail, etc) of the raw sequences resulted in a total of 206,960 high-quality reads with an average length of 228 bp nucleotides totaling 42 Mb. After assembly using GS FLX gsAssembler, these reads were assembled into 8,233 contigs and 34,630 singletons under the criteria of minimum 40 bases overlap with at least 95% identity. The average length of contigs and singletons was 364 bp and 201 bp, respectively. These contigs and singletons represented up to 42,863 unigenes. The length distribution of unigenes and their component reads are summarized in Table
Table 2
Summary of
Total Bases
High-quality Reads
Average Read Length
Number of Contigs
Average Contig Length
Range of Contig Length
72 to 4234
Number of Reads in Contigs
Number og Singletons
Number of Unigene Sequences
Additional file 1
Length distribution of assembled contigs and singletons. This table summarizes the number of contigs and singletons in different length distribution.
Click here for file
Additional file 2
Summary of component reads per assembly. This table summarizes the number of component reads assembled into contigs.
Click here for file
Figure 1
Comparison of sequences generated by use of 454 sequencing and
Comparison of sequences generated by use of 454 sequencing and
Figure 2
Comparison of percentage of hits among different sized contigs against
Comparison of percentage of hits among different sized contigs against
The unigenes were searched against the NCBI non-redundant (NR) protein database by use of the BLASTX algorithm. Among the 42,863 unigenes, 22,234 (51.9%) had at least one significant alignment to existing genes in the database (E-value cutoff, e-7) (Figure
Figure 3
The number of sequence hits against the NCBI non-redundant (NR) database by BLASTX
The number of sequence hits against the NCBI non-redundant (NR) database by BLASTX.
Figure 4
Comparison of percentage of hits in the NR database for different sized ESTs with (black bars) and without (white bars) homology (E-value < 10-7)
Comparison of percentage of hits in the NR database for different sized ESTs with (black bars) and without (white bars) homology (E-value < 10-7).
Functional annotation of novel transcripts
To determine the possible functions of genes tagged, we used the Gene Ontology (GO) classification system for plants developed at TAIR
Figure 5
Representation of genome ontology assignments for
Representation of genome ontology assignments for
These ESTs obtained from a non-normalized cDNA library could be used to reveal global gene expression patterns as deduced from transcript abundance. The transcripts highly expressed in
Table 3
Highly abundant transcripts detected in
Putative Function
Number of Component Reads
Number of Contigs (97% identity)
Number of Contigs (99% identity)
Putative P450- like protein precursor
Zea mays
Triple gene block 3
Cymbidium mosaic virus
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase
Sorghum bicolor
Lilium longiflorum
Hypothetical protein
Sorghum bicolor
n.d.: not determined
Analysis of a large number of ESTs has revealed ancient polyploidy throughout the major angiosperm lineages
Gene families and Pathways
To evaluate the effectiveness of the orchid transcriptome library, we categorized the assembled unigenes through the use of
Additional file 3
Gene Families identified by BLAST annotation of
Click here for file
Table 4
Unigenes mapped in KEGG Pathways
KEGG Pathways
Sub-pathways of KEGG Pathway
Number of Unigenes
Number of reads
Glycan Biosynthesis and Metabolism
Xenobiotics Biodegradation and Metabolism
Metabolism of Other Amino Acids
Biosynthesis of Polyketides and Terpenoids
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Biosynthesis of Other Secondary Metabolites
Lipid Metabolism
Nucleotide Metabolism
Metabolism of Cofactors and Vitamins
Amino Acid Metabolism
Energy Metabolism
Genetic Information Processing
Replication and Repair
Folding, Sorting and Degradation
Organismal Systems
Cellular Processes
Environmental Information Processing
Previously, we identified the major compounds emitted from
Additional file 4
Expressed sequence tags with substantial similarity to terpenoid backbone biosynthetic genes. This table summarizes the number of unigenes and reads in each step of terpenoid biosynthetic pathway.
Click here for file
Figure 6
Graphic representation of terpenoid backbone biosynthesis pathways, including cytosolic mevolonate pathway and plastic methylerythritol phosphate pathway, for
Graphic representation of terpenoid backbone biosynthesis pathways, including cytosolic mevolonate pathway and plastic methylerythritol phosphate pathway, for
Transcription factors
Because transcription factors control the expression of a genome and play important roles in all aspects of the life cycle of higher plants, we characterized the transcription factor-associated ESTs from the transcriptome of
The most abundantly expressed transcription factor gene families, C3H and AP2/ERF, accounted for a full 32.2% (746/2,317) of the overall transcription factor expression (Figure
Figure 7
Number of ESTs related to transcription factors in each transcription factor family
Number of ESTs related to transcription factors in each transcription factor family. A total of 2,424 putative
As the most species rich and diversified family, Orchidaceae has mesmerized botanists for centuries. As for most other non-model plant species, we lack genetic and genomic resources for molecular biological study. Although a precise estimate of transcriptome coverage is unattainable without the full genomic sequence, the massively parallel pyrosequencing characterization can be considered an initial step for functional genomics studies in
Homology searches showed that 48.1% of the ESTs have no significant similarities to any other protein sequences in public databases. About 42.88% of these ESTs are < 200 bp, indicating that the short size has a negative effect on successful annotation. However, these genes may perform specific roles in orchids and be quite divergent from those of other plant species. The orchids, indeed, have diverse specialized reproductive and ecological strategies for adaptive radiation. On the other hand, we could not reliably annotate a high proportion of unigenes lacking assignment of a putative function because they did not cover the full length of the transcript or because they represent untranslated regions.
Comparing the distributions of the functional categories among ESTs provides support for the expression levels of the different gene classes. The transcripts with the first and third highest expression we found for
The fact that whole-genome duplication often gives rise to species-rich groups of organisms, such as > 23,000 species of Asteraceae and > 19, 400 species of Fabaceae, highlights that polyploidy can facilitate diversification and speciation of organisms
To evaluate whether the sequences annotated in this study include all genes expressed in these tissues, developmental stages, and treatments, we searched for a number of genes involved in metabolic pathways and homologous to members characterized in
Analysis of expression profiles of transcription factors in the transcriptome of
Thanks to recent advances in next-generation sequencing technology, we have applied RNA-seq to facilitate transcriptome analysis of orchids which present important biological questions but lack a fully sequenced genome. Our findings represent substantial contributions to the publicly accessible expressed sequences for the Orchidaceae family. With the whole genome sequencing of
Plant materials and cDNA library construction
Total RNA from each sample was extracted separately following the method described by
Pyrosequencing and assembly
In preparation for 454 sequencing, 5 μg of the cDNA sample was nebulized to a mean fragment size of 600 ± 50 bp, end repaired and adapter ligated according to previously published literature
Low quality data (base call score < 10) were trimmed from the ends of individual sequences. Sequences shorter than 50 bp after processing were excluded from the analysis. For assembly, GS FLX gsAssembler was used with minimum 40 bases overlap with at least 95% identity.
Sequence analysis and GO classification
All sequences were queried for their similarity to known sequences by use of a BLASTX algorithm
Characterization of ESTs by Arabidopsis Gene Family and KEGG Pathways
The TAIR9
Identification of putative transcription factor-related ESTs
The protein sequences of predicted transcription factors for rice were downloaded from the Plant Transcription Factor Database (PTFDB;
Authors' contributions
YYH conceived the study and design, participated in the library construction and data analysis. YWC performed the design of the bioinformatic analyses. SCH carried out RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis. ZJP contributed to the sample collection. CHF constructed the platform for displaying metabolic pathway. WHC suggested and offered the orchid materials. WCT participated in the design and coordination, and drafted the manuscript. HHC initiated the project, contributed to the experimental design and edited the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
We thank Dr. Michel Delseny for providing critical comments on the manuscript. We also thank Miss Laura Smales for detailed editing the manuscript. We thank Dr. David T.H. Ho for his long-term support of our work on orchid genomics. This work was supported by the National Science Council, Taiwan (grant no. NSC97-2317-B-024-001).
The size of Orchidaceae and the systematic distribution of epiphytic orchids
Orchid diversity: an evolutionary consequence of deception?
Variation in sexual reproduction in orchids and its evolutionary consequence: a spasmodic journey to diversification
Orchid diversity - beyond deception
The origin and early diversification of angiosperms
Dating the origin of the Orchidaceae from a fossil orchid with its pollinator
Roles of synorganisation, zygomorphy and heterotopy in floral evolution: the gynostemium and labellum of orchids and other lilioid monocots
Phylogenetic relationships within Orchidaceae based on a low-copy nuclear coding gene, Xdh: Congruence with organellar and nuclear ribosomal DNA results
Molecular Genetics of Reproductive Biology in Orchids
The chemistry of sexual deception in an orchid-wasp pollination system
The role of ethylene in orchid ovule development
Speciation in the Orchidaceae: confronting the challenges
An overview of the
Expression analysis of the ESTs derived from the flower buds of
Comparison of transcripts in
Analysis of organ-specific, expressed genes in
Development of expressed sequence tag resources for
Four DEF-like MADS box genes displayed distinct floral morphogenetic roles in
A novel homodimeric geranyl diphosphate synthase from the orchid
Carbohydrate mobilization and gene regulatory profile in the pseudobulb of
Genome sequencing in microfabricated high-density picolitre reactors
High throughput DNA sequencing: The new sequencing revolution
Gene discovery and annotation using LCM-454 transcriptome sequencing
Next-generation sequencing technologies and their implications for crop genetics and breeding
Genome-wide expression profiling of the
Sampling the
Global gene expression analysis of the shoot apical meristem of maize (
SNP discovery via 454 transcriptome sequencing
High-throughput gene and SNP discovery in
Comparison of the transcriptomes of American chestnut (
Comparative 454 pyrosequencing of transcripts from two olive genotypes during fruit development
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) discovery in the polyploid
Global characterization of
Nuclear DNA contents of
Differential accumulation of heterochromatin as a cause for karyotype variation in
Gene stacking in
Strategies for functional validation of genes involved in reproductive stages of orchids
OrchidBase: A collection of sequences of transcriptome derived from orchids
Widespread Paleopolyploidy in Model Plant Species Inferred from Age Distributions of Duplicate Genes
Widespread genome duplications throughout the history of flowering plants
Legume transcription factor genes: What makes legumes so special?
Comparative genomics of rice and
Comparison of cytochrome P450 genes from six plant genomes
Identification of anther-specific/predominant genes regulated by gibberellin during development of lily anthers
The evolution significance of ancient genome duplications
Polyploidy and angiosperm diversification
PEI1, an embryo-specific zinc finger protein gene required for heart-stage embryo formation in
SHA1, a novel RING finger protein, functions in shoot apical meristem maintenance in
Upregulation of an
CpR18, a novel SAP-domain plant transcription factor, binds to a promoter region necessary for ABA mediated expression of the CDeT27-45 gene from the resurrection plant
OsDREB genes in rice,
Isolation, optimization, and functional analysis of the cDNA encoding transcription factor OsDREB1B in
Regulation of disease resistance pathways by AP2/ERF transcription factors
Role of DREB transcription factors in abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in plants
Cool night temperature induces spike emergence and affects photosynthetic efficiency and metabolizable carbohydrate and organic acid pools in
Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs


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I chatted with 1st Avatar (via IRC) and I have some good news, bad news, and so-so news.
To begin, 1st Avatar will be coming back in Mid-May!!!
And, for the next Avatar Tournament he's going to need a few assistants. 10 to be exact. And 1st Avatar, Theavatardemotivator, Avatar Roku's Ghost, and I all agreed others will be chosen to be able to have special privileges on the Next tournament!
More good news, the tournament will be extended greatly, an exact number? Around 96, but 1st will ultimately decide that.
So, here comes the bad news, to all who wanted to take over for 1st will not be able to host their own temporary tournament, (Well you can but no one will really vote.) But do not lose hope friends, you may be chosen.
French Froglegs (Accepted Nomination)
Theavatardemotivator (Accepted Nomination)
AvatarRokusGhost (Accepted Nomination)
Moph93 (Accepted Nomination)
The Ultimate Waterbender (Accepted Nomination)
Bassmasta2012 (Accepted Nomination)
Aang20791 (Accepted Nomination)
GrandAdmiral88 (Nomination Declined due to schedule)
Skybender101 (Accepted Nomination)
TyLeefan421 (Accepted Nomination)
PSUAvatar14 (Accepted Nomination)
Leave a comment if you accept!


text: Pushpa Gurung is the current Miss College Nepal 2015 held in Pokhara. She is the trending and frequently repeated name in Pokhara's Glamour industries. She is been engaged in several Fashion shows as model, Events as a host and anchor and even as jury and counselor for some beauty contest. Here is the exclusive interview and…[Continue reading]


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Mirage Homes is excellent & splendid in real estate & Construction firm; we are handling many projects in real estate & construction area in Noida especially in Greater Noida near Yamuna expressway. Now a day we construct the 6 residential towers that offer an unhindered view of the F1 race track, standing tall at 24 stories its 3 sides open. This project spread over 5 acres of land with lots more services & securities in our 3 BHK apartments + servant room.
This project is located nearby:-
• World famous F1 race track.
• Night safari.
• Some world famous Universities like Gautam Budha University, Golgotha University & Noida International University.
There are various types of Amenities or specifications in our Project like 60% Open Green Space, Well Equipped Gym with Steam, Sauna, Jacuzzi, Restaurants, Sport Facilities Like: Tennis Court, Basket Ball Court, Swimming Pool, Kids Splash Pool etc. For further details please contact us 8377032735 or visit: http://zonalproperty.com
- Category: Real Estate
- Tags: floor plan for 2 bhk, location map, master plan, price list for 2 bhk, property for investment


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Ghost Town is the fourth chapter of the third act of Gears of War 3.
New enemies:
New weapons:
You start off at Mercy. There is no one there, but there is a good amount of ammo nearby. Keep proceeding through the area, and as you look around off at the distance, you can see Char. As you get deeper into the small town, there will be explosives on the Imulsion pipes. Disable the explosives quickly, or they will blow up and kill you. There are three sets of explosives around the city, and you'll be notified when you get near one. As you disable the explosives, you see a Stranded run out, so you need to pursue him.
At one point while pursuing him, check a building you pass through for some COG Tags. When you tell him to stop, he tells you that there is a grevious danger and he tells you not to mess with him, and runs into the sewers. Pursue him into the sewers, and when you find him again, he's dead. You can pick up the Hammerburst if you want to.
After going deeper into the sewer complex, a cutscene ensues, with a Stranded woman crying. As you get near, she screams, and you'll notice that the humans have also turned Lambent. Clear the sewers carefully, as a large swarm of Formers will attempt to kill you at this point. Afterwards, you will reach a point where you need to pull the ramp down. The sewer pipe nearby (opposite of the wooden ramp) is where all the Formers will attack while you are doing this.
Once the ramp is lowered, go up the ladder and you'll be at the town center. As you get near the blocked church, another Stranded comes out and will try to get ladders down to get you up. He tells you to grab the two Vulcan Cannons down at the entrance. Pick them up (not needed if you think you can get through without them), and the AI's will also pick them up. Fight off a large number of Formers and then the Stranded man will give you ladders to climb up.
As you get near the sick Stranded, a Former breaks out from the window and kills both of the Stranded. There's several containers with Retro Lancers and Hammerbursts, and you'll need to break through the large numbers of Formers to get back to the start point.
- Panicked Note: After the scene with the crazy guy, head down the stairs instead of going out to the street. It will be at the far end of that level next to a Scorcher.
- Recovered Cog Tags #10: After cutting your way into the boarded up store, head into the back room to find the Crimson Omen. Follow the counter around to a back-alley. The tags are around the corner on a body.
- Message: After holding off the Formers with the Stranded, climb the ladders and head left down the hallway.
|Gears of War 3 Walkthrough
|Gears of War 3
|Act I · Act II · Act III · Act IV · Act V
|Act I
|Prologue: Troubled Past · Chapter 1: Anchored · Chapter 2: Abandon Ship · Chapter 3: Homecoming · Chapter 4: Helping Hand · Chapter 5: MVP · Chapter 6: Hanging by a Thread
|Act II
|Chapter 1: Shipwreck · Chapter 2: House of Sand · Chapter 3: Forced Entry · Chapter 4: Trench Run · Chapter 5: Hijack · Chapter 6: Airborne · Chapter 7: Touchdown
|Act III
|Chapter 1: Unbreakable · Chapter 2: Rescue · Chapter 3: Breakneck Run · Chapter 4: Ghost Town · Chapter 5: Brothers to the End
|Act IV
|Chapter 1: Ashes to Ashes · Chapter 2: Crater · Chapter 3: Hang 'em High · Chapter 4: Batten Down the Hatches · Chapter 5: Bon Voyage · Chapter 6: Watery Grave
|Act V
|Chapter 1: Home Away from Home · Chapter 2: Blackout · Chapter 3: Shattered Paradise · Chapter 4: Threshold · Chapter 5: Ascension · Chapter 6: Reckoning


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text: MUST SEE, inspiring lake views from every room! Built in 2003, Chateau Sir Francis is a wonderful example of fine architecture & exquisite craftsmanship. Nestled in the Santa Monica Mountains & overlooking the beautiful Sherwood Lake, this extraordinary 6,000 SF residence is a spectacular lake paradise behind the most exclusive gates. The home's pristine classic-designed interiors has every room filled with abundant natural light showcasing breathtaking views. The gourmet kitchen enables full entertaining & comes equipped with top of the line appliances, double height ceilings & fireplace. Some of the property features include a 4 car-garage, elevator, entry lobby, formal & casual living spaces, pool & spa with waterfalls, and a grand romantic master suite with its own fireplace, sitting area & deck with a spacious master bath with private access to the backyard. A suberb family room that connects to an entertainers deck completes this lake dream estate.


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Showing results for "Norpro Grip Ez Tea Infuser With Drip Cu". Did you mean Norpro Grey Ez Tea Infuser With Dario Cum
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The above graph displays service status activity for Usgs.gov over the last 10 automatic checks. The blue bar displays the response time, which is better when smaller. If no bar is displayed for a specific time it means that the service was down and the site was offline.
Service Status History
|Ping Time
|Ping Time
|168.17 ms.
|503.51 ms.
|451.49 ms.
|394.16 ms.
|343.65 ms.
|363.27 ms.
|353.26 ms.
|188.56 ms.
|409.59 ms.
|332.8 ms.
* Times displayed are PT, Pacific Time (UTC/GMT 0) | Current server time is 16:44
We have tried pinging U.S. Geological Survey website using our server and the website returned the above results. If usgs.gov is down for us too there is nothing you can do except waiting. Probably the server is overloaded, down or unreachable because of a network problem, outage or a website maintenance is in progress...
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Force a full refresh for the site. This can be achieved by pressing CTRL + F5 keys at the same time on your favourite browser (Firefox, Chrome, Explorer, etc.)
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A Domain Name System (DNS) allows a site IP address (192.168.x.x) to be identified with words (*.com) in order to be remembered more easily, like a phonebook for websites. This service is usually provided by your ISP.
Clear your local DNS cache to make sure that you grab the most recent cache that your ISP has. For Windows - (Start > Command Prompt > type "ipconfig /flushdns" and hit enter). For details choose your operating system :
If you can access a website at office or from a 3G network yet it's not working on your computer, it is a good idea to use an alternative DNS service other than your ISPs. OpenDNS or Google Public DNS are both excellent and free public DNS services.
Check our help page for step-by-step instructions on how to change your DNS.
Suddenly '0' earthquakes showing in Alaska for the past 72 hours or so. What is going on?
yep, usgs.gov is down, 12:40 am pacific time
USGS.gov Unavailable @ 1:49 p.m August 13th
After 7 hours, USGS is still done
USGS on both the computer and 4G phone. June 1st
earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/feed/v1.0/summary/2.5_week.atom appears down
Cant access any thing on the earthquake site
yes, I cannot acces the earthquake details
unavailable @ 11:15 p.m. est
site is available but no current earthquakes are shown. last quake listed at 10:54:01 Cantwell AK
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Unionville, CT, U.S.A.
1 860-675-4622
AbeBooks' uniqueness is our network of independent booksellers who work with us to provide the most diverse selection of rare, used and out-of-print books on the Internet. It is these sellers, with their experience, commitment and love of the used and out-of-print book business who help all our buyers find that treasure they've been looking for.
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Shipping costs are based on books weighing 2.2 LB, or 1 KG. If your book order is heavy or oversized, we may contact you to let you know extra shipping is required.