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In most multicellular organisms, the decision to undergo programmed cell death in response to cellular damage or developmental cues is typically transmitted through mitochondria. It has been suggested that an exception is the apoptotic pathway of Drosophila melanogaster, in which the role of mitochondria remains unclear. Although IAP antagonists in Drosophila such as Reaper, Hid and Grim may induce cell death without mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, it is surprising that all three localize to mitochondria. Moreover, induction of Reaper and Hid appears to result in mitochondrial fragmentation during Drosophila cell death. Most importantly, disruption of mitochondrial fission can inhibit Reaper and Hid-induced cell death, suggesting that alterations in mitochondrial dynamics can modulate cell death in fly cells. We report here that Drosophila Reaper can induce mitochondrial fragmentation by binding to and inhibiting the pro-fusion protein MFN2 and its Drosophila counterpart dMFN/Marf. Our in vitro and in vivo analyses reveal that dMFN overexpression can inhibit cell death induced by Reaper or γ-irradiation. In addition, knockdown of dMFN causes a striking loss of adult wing tissue and significant apoptosis in the developing wing discs. Our findings are consistent with a growing body of work describing a role for mitochondrial fission and fusion machinery in the decision of cells to die.
The role of mitochondria in apoptosis has been defined clearly in vertebrates, but has remained elusive in lower eukaryotes such as Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster.1 Countless studies have shown that the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria is a critical step in vertebrate apoptosis and is regulated by the Bcl-2 family.2 In contrast, release of cytochrome c appears to be a dispensable step in Drosophila cell death,3, 4, 5, 6 with Bcl-2 family members having a secondary role at most.7, 8 Conversely, other studies have suggested that cytochrome c release has a role, although limited, in Drosophila cell death.9 In addition, other studies suggest that Drosophila mitochondria house apoptosis-inducing proteins that are critical for apoptosis initiation.10, 11, 12 It is therefore likely that mitochondria have at least a modulatory role in fly cell death, but it is unclear whether they are integrally involved in the decision of fly cells to undergo programmed cell death.13
Drosophila apoptosis is regulated primarily by inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs). Apoptosis in the fly is induced by inhibiting the Drosophila IAP, DIAP-1, which blocks the activity of caspases in virtually all somatic cells. In turn, DIAP-1 is inhibited by a family of antagonists that include Reaper, Hid, Grim, Sickle and Jafrac (collectively known as RHG proteins). These proteins prevent DIAP-1 from binding to caspases, thereby inducing cell death.14 Although RHG proteins can inhibit DIAP-1 in vitro through competitive inhibition,15 there is also evidence demonstrating that some members of this family of proteins can induce DIAP1 auto-ubiquitylation and degradation.16, 17, 18
The IAP antagonists Reaper, Hid and Grim localize to outer mitochondrial membranes.3, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 We have shown that mitochondrial localization is essential for Reaper's ability to induce DIAP-1 ubiquitylation.23 Moreover, vertebrate mitochondria have been shown to release cytochrome c in response to Reaper.24 This induction of cytochrome c release is independent of caspases and can be inhibited with Bcl-2. In Drosophila cells, cytochrome c is released on Reaper expression, and this release requires both Reaper and caspase activity.2 Recent data also suggest that Drosophila Omi (dOmi), another IAP antagonist, localizes to the intermembrane space of mitochondria and has an important role in cell death.10, 11, 12 Importantly, proteins that regulate mitochondrial morphology can also regulate IAP-antagonist-induced apoptosis in the fly.3, 25 Although there has been some controversy regarding the requirement (or lack thereof) for mitochondrial fission in mitochondrial cytochrome c release, a number of reports have established a link between mitochondrial morphology and apoptosis initiation in vertebrates.26, 27 In particular, proteins that regulate mitochondrial dynamics, such as Mfn2 and Drp1 have been implicated in regulation of mitochondrial steps of apoptosis in mammalian cells. Conversely, Bax and Bak, the two principle multidomain proapoptotic Bcl-2 family members, have been shown to localize to mitochondrial fission sites and induce mitochondrial fragmentation; this is a hallmark of cell death occurring before cytochrome c release.27
Although the role of mitochondrial dynamics in programmed cell death has been studied a great deal in vertebrates, its importance has only recently been established in lower eukaryotes.3, 25, 28, 29 For instance, the yeast homolog of Drp1, Dmn1, induces mitochondrial fission during yeast cell death. Inhibition of mitochondrial fission in C. elegans leads to a decrease in the number of cells eliminated by cell death during worm development.29 In addition, two reports have demonstrated that disruption of mitochondrial dynamics in Drosophila has considerable effects on Drosophila cell death.3, 25
Given the likely importance of mitochondrial dynamics in the regulation of apoptosis, we assessed how mitochondrial RHG proteins in Drosophila might affect mitochondrial fusion/fission. In addition, we examined how members of the pro-fusion mitofusin family might affect cell death in the fly. Two key homologs of Mfn2 and Mfn1 can be found in Drosophila: Fuzzy Onions (Fzo) and dMFN (MARF).30 Disruption of the Fzo gene was shown to render flies sterile because of a defect in spermatid development. This phenotype was associated with severe alterations in spermatid mitochondrial morphology. In contrast to Fzo, which appears to be restricted primarily to the testes, dMFN is expressed ubiquitously.30 We report here that Drosophila Reaper can interact with MFN2 through its hydrophobic GH3 domain, which has been shown to be critical for dimerization and mitochondrial localization.21, 31 Moreover, we provide evidence to suggest that Reaper induces mitochondrial fragmentation by inhibiting pro-fusion proteins and that overexpression of dMFN to trigger hyperfusion of mitochondria inhibits apoptosis in the fly. Knockdown of dMFN leads to significant apoptosis induction and remarkable loss of adult wing tissue. These findings reveal that interplay between IAP antagonists and the mitochondrial fusion machinery help to determine whether Drosophila cells will live or die.
Abdelwahid et al.3 and Goyal et al.25 recently reported that Reaper can induce mitochondrial fragmentation when overexpressed in Drosophila cells. However, given the small mitochondrial size, the non-adherent properties of commonly used Drosophila cell lines and the robust toxicity of Reaper in those cells, it was difficult to follow-up on these observations. Therefore, we wished to determine whether the effects of Reaper on mitochondrial dynamics could be examined in a more technically amenable system. Accordingly, we expressed Reaper in Hela cells in which mitochondrial morphology can be easily assessed using confocal microscopy. Hela cells are also relatively resistant to Reaper-induced cytochrome c release and apoptosis. Hela cells were transfected with an N-terminal Flag-tagged Reaper or a mutant variant of Reaper, lacking the GH3 domain, responsible for mitochondrial localization (ReaperΔGH3). Cells were subsequently stained with Flag antibody to visualize Reaper and cytochrome c antibody to visualize mitochondria. Mitochondria of transfected cells were scored for the amount of fragmented versus elongated mitochondria present in each cell. As shown in Figure 1a, mitochondria in Flag-Reaper-transfected cells appeared to be smaller and less interconnected, whereas cells transfected with Flag-ReaperΔGH3 showed elongated mitochondria similar to those seen in untransfected cells. Figure 1b shows quantitation of fragmentation in cells staining positive for Flag antibody.
Previous studies of Reaper localization have demonstrated that Reaper associates with the outer mitochondrial membrane in a GH3-dependent manner using biochemical fractionation in cell-free extract and fluorescence microscopy in Drosophila S2 cells.3, 21, 23 When visualized in Hela cells, Reaper appears to localize to foci associated with mitochondria rather than being distributed over the entire mitochondrial membrane. Figure 2a shows Hela cells transfected with pEBB-REAPER-Flag and stained with anti-cytochrome c and anti-Flag antibodies. The pattern of fluorescence indicates that Reaper accumulated at foci on mitochondria. It is important to note that for these experiments, Reaper was tagged on the C-terminus, as mitochondrial localization of the C-terminal fusion is more readily visualized than the N-terminally tagged protein, which stains prominently in the cytosol as well. The C-terminally tagged protein was not used in other experiments (e.g., to assess phenotypic consequences of expression) because its expression level was quite low, likely due to its interaction with IAPs and subsequent targeting for degradation. Figure 2b shows a similar pattern for GFP-Reaper when expressed in Drosophila S2 cells stained with Mitotracker red. These mitochondrial foci have a similar appearance to foci formed by mammalian Bax and Bak.27 Interestingly, in our original characterization of Reaper localization, we found that Reaper localized to only a subset of mitochondria.3, 21, 23 These better-resolved images suggest that the subsets were actually those in which foci were formed. In addition, these images show that Reaper is closely juxtaposed to, rather than superimposed on, the mitochondrial staining. This is consistent with Reaper foci on the outer mitochondrial membrane, adjacent to Mitotracker staining in the matrix. In addition, in Supplementary Figure 1, we show that Reaper foci do not appear to contain Bax. This was determined by co-staining Reaper-transfected cells with antibodies directed to Bax or directed to the active conformation of Bax. We found that Bax did not colocalize with Reaper and that active Bax could not be detected in cells displaying Reaper foci. Thus, although these foci are similar in appearance to those formed by Bax, they are likely distinct.
To begin to address the mechanism of Reaper-induced mitochondrial fragmentation, Reaper was co-expressed with regulators of mitochondrial fission and fusion. Flag-tagged Reaper was expressed with GFP-Drp1, GFP-MFN2 and a dominant-negative mutant of the pro-fission protein Drp1, GFP-Drp1K38A. Surprisingly, we found that co-expression with GFP-MFN2 markedly altered Reaper's distribution within the cell (Figure 3). When expressed with Mito-GFP, GFP-Drp1 or GFP-Drp1K38A, Reaper distributed throughout the cytosol and to mitochondrial foci. In contrast, when cells overexpressed GFP-MFN2 and Flag-Reaper, the two proteins colocalized in clusters, consistent with the hyperfused and condensed mitochondrial network often seen in cells overexpressing mitofusins. It appears that overexpression of GFP-MFN2 could promote a redistribution of Flag-Reaper from the cytosol and mitochondrial foci to a completely mitochondrial localization. This is not simply a result of mitochondrial condensation, as both GFP-DRP1K38A expression in Hela cells and Drp1 knockdown with RNAi in Drosophila S2 cells (RJK and KW, unpublished) results in mitochondrial condensation without markedly increasing Reaper localization to mitochondria. This provides strong evidence that Reaper and MFN2 interact in intact cells and that this interaction can occur at the mitochondria. Previous work has shown that Bax and Bak form foci that contain MFN2 and Drp1,32 suggesting that Reaper might potentially operate by a similar mechanism (though in molecularly distinct focal locations, as described above).
We had previously reported that a synthetic peptide encompassing the majority of the Reaper sequence could target Reaper to mitochondria and induce mitochondrial cytochrome c release in a reconstitution system derived from Xenopus egg extract.21, 24 In these extracts, we also found that Reaper could interact physically with MFN2. In particular, a biotinylated peptide corresponding to amino acids 16–65 of Reaper was incubated in Xenopus egg extract and precipitated with streptavidin sepharose beads. Xenopus MFN2 was readily detected with an antibody raised to Human MFN2. As seen in Figure 4a, biotinylated Reaper peptide co-precipitated with endogenous Xenopus MFN2. We found that removal of the GH3 domain prevented Reaper from interacting with MFN2, which initially suggested simply that mitochondrial localization was critical for interaction. Interestingly, a peptide corresponding to the GH3 domain alone was able to precipitate MFN2, suggesting that the GH3 domain might be sufficient for binding of Reaper to MFN2 at the mitochondria. To confirm our binding experiments, His-tagged recombinant human MFN2 was incubated in Xenopus egg extract treated with biotinylated Reaper peptide (Figure 4c) or full-length Reaper peptide (data not shown). His-MFN2 was precipitated using nickel beads. The western blot in Figure 4c shows that Reaper is found in the His-MFN2 precipitate.
As seen in Figure 1, deletion of the GH3 domain prevented Reaper from inducing mitochondrial fragmentation. In addition, it is clear from Figure 4 that the GH3 domain was sufficient for interaction with MFN2. As shown in Figure 5, we also found that only Reaper molecules lacking the GH3 domain were unable to colocalize with MFN2 (Figures 5a–e and and6a).6a). As seen in Figures 5b and c, the first 30 and final 23 amino acids of Reaper were not required for binding, as deletions either containing amino acids 31–65 or containing 1–42 readily colocalized with GFP-MFN2. In contrast, Figures 5d and e show that mutants either containing amino acids 39–65 or containing 1–33 (i.e., truncated at the N- and C-terminal ends of the GH3 domain) were unable to colocalize with GFP-MFN2. In Figure 6a, we summarize the results from these deletions and others, indicating that only mutations interfering with the GH3 domain lacked the ability to bind to MFN2. In addition, the ability of these deletion mutants to bind to MFN2 correlated well with their ability to induce mitochondrial fragmentation (Figure 6b). These findings suggest that the GH3 domain is required for both MFN2 binding and mitochondrial fragmentation.
One possibility is that the GH3 domain simply confers mitochondrial localization, which is required for both fragmentation and binding. To test this, we generated mutants of Reaper and ReaperΔGH3, in which mitochondrial localization was achieved using the 27 C-terminal amino acids from the Actin assembly-inducing protein from Listeria (ActA), which comprise its mitochondrial tail-anchoring domain.33 It is apparent from Figures 5f and g that both Reaper-ActA and ReaperΔGH3-ActA readily localize to mitochondria. From the images in Figures 5f and g and the quantitation in Figure 6b, it is clear that mitochondrial fragmentation occurred readily in cells transfected with Reaper-ActA, but not in cells transfected with ReaperΔGH3-ActA. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the GH3 domain is critical for binding to MFN2 and that this interaction is likely responsible for Reaper-induced mitochondrial fragmentation.
To demonstrate that this interaction occurs in Drosophila, we first cloned the ubiquitously expressed mitofusin, dMFN (FlyBase FBgn0029870 Marf). Although there are two Drosophila mitofusins, dMFN was used in for these experiments, as dFzo1 is expressed primarily in the male germ line and dMFN is ubiquitous.30 As seen in Figure 7a, GFP-dMFN largely colocalized with cytochrome c. GFP-dMFN is shown in green and cytochrome c is shown in red.
The results shown in Figures 3 and and44 suggested that human MFN2 could interact with Drosophila Reaper. To confirm that this protein interaction occurs in Drosophila, we tested to see whether dMFN could also enhance localization of Reaper to mitochondria. Accordingly, Drosophila S2 cells were co-transfected with pAMW-dMFN and GFP-Reaper under the copper-inducible metallothionine promoter for 24h. Cells were then treated with copper to induce GFP-Reaper expression. The cells were subsequently fixed and stained with cytochrome c antibody. It is important to note that previous work has shown that Reaper expression induces cytochrome c release.3 In these experiments, cells were fixed at an early time point when little cytochrome c release is seen. Figure 7b shows that expression of dMFN altered the distribution of GFP-Reaper. When co-transfected with a vector control, Reaper distributed to the cytosol and to a punctate pattern, whereas GFP-Reaper accumulated predominantly on mitochondria when co-expressed with dMFN. This morphology was seen in approximately 40% of the cells containing GFP-Reaper. On dMFN overexpression, cytochrome c staining and GFP-Reaper appeared as a concentrated mass in the center of the cell. The unusual mitochondrial morphology is a consequence of increased mitochondrial fusion, and is also seen on drp-1 knockdown.13 Cells have been outlined with a white line to indicate the approximate location of the plasma membrane. In addition to colocalization, biotinylated Reaper 16–65 peptide bound to streptavidin beads, as previously performed in Xenopus cell lysates, was able to retrieve dMFN from S2 cell lysates (Figure 7c). Thus, Drosophila Reaper interacts with dMFN as well as human and Xenopus MFN2.
To clarify the mechanism of mitochondrial fragmentation shown in Figure 1, we assessed Reaper's ability to promote mitochondrial fragmentation using a mitochondrial photoactivatable GFP (mito-PA-GFP).34 In theory, Reaper-induced changes in mitochondrial length could have resulted from enhanced fragmentation (e.g., stimulation of Drp1), inhibited fusion, or both. Given the interaction of Reaper with MFN2, we speculated that Reaper could function as an MFN2 inhibitor to prevent mitochondrial fusion. To test this, Hela cells were co-transfected with mito-PA-GFP and pCDNA3, Flag-Reaper or a known inhibitor of mitochondrial fusion, vMIA.35 A small number of mitochondria were then photoactivated in a region of interest (ROI) using the UV laser on a Leica SP5 confocal (Leica Microsystems, Inc., Buffalo Grove, IL, USA). The amount of activated GFP was then measured over time in the activated ROI. In cells with actively fusing mitochondria, the mito-PA-GFP diffuses throughout the cell, whereas non-fusing mitochondria will maintain their levels of mito-PA-GFP over time. Time-lapse videos are shown in Supplementary data. Figure 8a shows images of cells at the initial time point after photoactivation and 20min post-activation. As shown in Figure 8b, mito-PA-GFP diffused quickly in cells co-transfected with pCDNA3, whereas mitochondria from cells transfected with Reaper or vMIA showed constant levels of GFP over time. These data strongly suggest that mitochondrial fusion is impaired by Reaper.
Given its biochemical interactions with Reaper, we wished to assess the potential for dMFN to modulate Reaper-induced cell death. Accordingly, S2 cells were co-transfected with pMT-Reaper (inducible with copper sulfate) and Myc-tagged dMFN under the control of an actin promoter (pAMW-dMFN). Following transfection, the cells were treated with copper sulfate for 3 or 6h and assayed for apoptotic morphology. As seen in Figure 9a, S2 cells transfected with pAMW-dMFN were less susceptible to apoptosis induced by Reaper. This protection from Reaper-induced cell death was not because of any influence of dMFN on the ability of Reaper to induce DIAP1 degradation, as DIAP1 loss induced by etoposide occurred normally in the presence of dMFN, as assessed either by western blot of tagged DIAP1 (Supplementary Figure 2A), or by antibody staining of endogenous DIAP1 (data not shown). Moreover, the presence of dMFN did not appear to affect the interaction between DIAP1 and Reaper (Supplementary Figure 2A).
To assess the ability of dMFN to modulate apoptosis in vivo, we generated fly strains with a UAS-Myc-dMFN transgene and obtained flies with a UAS-dMFN RNAi transgene. Myc-dMFN or RNAi expression was driven using an engrailed-Gal4 (en-gal4) factor to target expression to the posterior compartment of the developing wing. To induce apoptosis without overexpressing Reaper, Drosophia larvae were γ-irradiated, and cell death was assayed in the wing disc at 4h later by staining with an anti-active caspase 3 antibody (CP3+). Engrailed staining indicated the region of dMFN expression. As shown in Figure 9b, irradiated wing discs from larvae expressing Myc-dMFN had decreased apoptosis in the engrailed domain. Conversely, cells expressing dMFN RNAi appeared to have increased caspase activity in the absence of radiation, suggesting that loss of dMFN leads to the induction of apoptosis. Interestingly, increased apoptosis could also be seen in the anterior compartment of the en-gal4 UAS-dMFN RNAi wing disc, indicating a non-cell autonomous effect of dMFN knockdown. The reason for this non-autonomous effect remains to be explored. Quantitation of these data is shown in Figure 9c. As shown in Figure 9d, wings from adult flies expressing engrailed gal4 and dMFN RNAi exhibited extensive loss of posterior wing tissue. This is consistent with the increased apoptosis detected in wing discs (Figure 9b). Taken together, these experiments indicate that dMFN protects cells from Reaper-induced and irradiation-induced apoptosis, and that decreased mitochondrial fusion can lead to apoptosis.
Cell death in Drosophila is largely governed by IAP antagonists that trigger caspase activation by neutralizing IAPs. Although removal of caspase inhibition is sufficient to induce apoptosis, it appears that other cellular processes can be modulated by IAP antagonists to control cell death.36 Although mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization appears to be dispensable for cell death in worms and flies,37 the ability of various mitochondrial regulators to impinge on the cell death pathway suggests that mitochondria are nevertheless involved in the death decision.3, 25, 29 We report here that in mammalian cells, like in fly cells, expression of Reaper can induce mitochondrial fragmentation; we propose that this occurs through an inhibitory interaction with mitofusins. We demonstrate this interaction by pull-down experiments (Figures 4 and and7)7) and by the ability of both human MFN2 and Drosophila dMFN to enhance the accumulation of Reaper on mitochondria (Figures 3, ,55 and and7).7). Moreover, we show that Reaper inhibits mitochondrial fusion (Figure 8) and that dMFN overexpression can inhibit apoptosis in Drosophila (Figure 9).
Although previous work has shown that Reaper localizes to mitochondria,21, 23 we show that Reaper localizes to sub-mitochondrial foci. It is possible that these foci correlate with sites of stalled mitochondrial fusion. Inhibition of mitochondrial fission, using either dominant-negative or null alleles of Drp-13, 25 or overexpression of dMFN (this study) suppresses apoptosis in fly tissues and in S2 cells. The importance of Drp-1 function for cell death and the anti-apoptotic effect of dMFN indicate that mitochondrial morphology has a role in cell death in the fly. More specifically, it appears that the mitochondrial network must break down for apoptosis to be completed efficiently. We also show that inhibition of fusion can result in apoptosis, suggesting that mitochondrial status is sensed by the cell to activate the apoptotic program.
The role of mitochondria in Drosophila and C. elegans cell death remains elusive. There is evidence to suggest that cytochrome c may not have a critical role in apoptosis in each organism, but in both Drosophila and C. elegans, mitochondria appear to be involved in some manner. It is possible that mitochondria provide a scaffold for cell death signaling molecules, or that proapoptotic molecules other than cytochrome c contribute to apoptosis. Alterations in mitochondrial dynamics might alter the availability of apoptotic regulators or their ability to interact. This hypothesis is supported by previous findings that indicate that mitochondrial localization is required for Reaper-induced DIAP1 degradation;23 however, from the data shown in Supplementary Figure 2, it appears that the central interaction between DIAP1 and Reaper is not notably affected by the presence of dMFN. In some fly tissues, a role for cytochrome c in developmentally important caspase activation has been demonstrated.9, 38 However, in the majority of tissues, including the wing discs tested in this study, it may well be that mitochondria act as a platform of cell death signaling that cannot function properly in the hyperfused state. The ability of mitochondrial morphology to impinge on cell death pathways in evolutionarily distant organisms suggests that mitochondria have a fundamental role in programmed cell death that extends beyond cytochrome c release.
The diversity of apoptotic regulators located either at the surface of or within mitochondria provides strong prima facie evidence for a broad role of mitochondria in apoptosis. It is not yet clear whether particular mitochondrial morphologies are required simply to support the functioning of these molecules and/or changes in mitochondrial morphology are sensed to determine cell death or survival. Nevertheless, the results presented here add to the growing body of evidence that the interplay between apoptotic regulators and mitochondrial morphology critically determines the cellular fate. Indeed it is possible that the fundamental roles that mitochondria have in apoptotic signaling have yet to be fully elucidated.
The pEBB-Reaper-Flag vector was described previously.23 pMT-GFP-Reaper was generated by subcloning the RPR cDNA into a pMT-GFP vector that was described previously.23 pCDNA3-Flag-Reaper and deletion mutants were generated by first cloning Reaper cDNA or mutants into pENTR-3C (Invitrogen Corp., Carlsbad, CA, USA). Reaper-ActA and ReaperΔGH3-ActA were fully synthesized with appropriate restriction sites (Integrated DNA Technologies, Inc., Coralville, IA, USA). Using LR Clonase II (Invitrogen) recombinase, Reaper was cloned into pCDNA3-Flag-Dest, which generates protein with an N-terminal Flag tag. GFP-Drp1K38A and GFP-MFN2 were generated by cloning hDrp1K38A and hMFN2 into pEGFP-C1 (Clontech, Mountain View, CA, USA), pCDNA3-MFN2 was a generous gift from Richard Youle (NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA). pDEST-17-MFN2 was generated by first sub-cloning MFN2 into pENTR-3C and then performing a LR clonase II (Invitrogen) recombination into pDEST-17 (Invitrogen). pAMW-dMFN, pAGW-dMFN and pTMW-dMFN were generated by first cloning dMFN cDNA (DGRC-RE04414) into pENTR-3C and then performing a recombination reaction into pAMW (actin promoter with N-terminal Myc tag), pAGW (actin promoter with N-terminal GFP tag) and pTMW (pUAST vector with N-terminal Myc tag). pEGFP-mito was derived from pdsRED2-Mito vector (Clontech). pEGFP-mito-PA was a generous gift from Richard Youle (NIH).
Imaging of Reaper-Flag constructs in Hela cells was performed by plating Hela cells at 50% confluency on MatTek (MatTek Corp., Ashland, MA, USA) coverslip four-well chamber slides. Cells were allowed to adhere and were then transfected with the indicated constructs and incubated for 18h. Cells were fixed with 4% formaldehyde and permeabilized using 0.25% Triton X-100 (Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO, USA), in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Cells were washed with PBS and then incubated with PBS with 5% goat serum (Invitrogen) for 30min. For visualizing EGFP and Flag, cells were incubated with mouse-anti-Flag antibody (Agilent Technologies, Inc., Santa Clara, CA, USA) at a dilution of 1:10000 in PBS with 5% goat serum. Slides were washed three times with PBS and were incubated in 5% BSA for 1h to reduce nonspecific anti-Flag staining. The cells were then incubated with Goat Anti-Mouse Alexa-594 (Invitrogen) diluted by 1:1000 in PBS with 5% goat serum. For visualizing the Flag tag and cytochrome c, cells were incubated with Rabbit-anti-Flag (Sigma) at a 1:5000 dilution and mouse-anti-cytochrome c (6H2.B4; BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) at a 1:1000 dilution. Goat-anti-rabbit Alexa 488 and goat-anti-mouse Alexa 594 were used as secondary antibodies at dilutions of 1:1000.
Hela cells were transfected with mito-PA-GFP34 and pCDNA3 or pCDNA3-Flag-Reaper at a 1:8 ratio (mito-PA-GFP:pCDNA3) for 18h using Fugene 6 (Roche, Basel, Switzerland). The cells were then visualized on a Leica SP5 confocal microscope. A small number of mitochondria were illuminated with a UV laser (405n) for 3s. Images were then taken every 30s for 20min.
Crude Xenopus interphase extracts were prepared as previously described.24 To precipitate endogenous Xenopus Mfn2, biotinylated Reaper16-65, Reaper16-65ΔGH3 and GH3 peptides were conjugated to streptavidin-sepharose beads (GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, USA); control streptavidin-sepharose beads were blocked in free biotin (64μ) for 1h at 4°C. Control and peptite-conjugated beads were washed in egg lysis buffer (ELB: 250m sucrose, 2.5m MgCl2, 10m Hepes pH 7.7, 50m KCl and 1m DTT), blocked in 1% milk in ELB for 1h at 4°C, and incubated in Xenopus egg extract containing 0.6% digitonin for 1h at 4°C with agitation. Following incubation, the beads were washed three times in ELB, solubilized with SDS sample buffer, resolved by SDS-PAGE, transferred and immunoblotted using anti-Mfn2 anti-serum.
His-Mfn2 protein was purified from bacteria expressing pDEST17-Mfn2 using Ni-affinity chromatography (Ni-NTA agarose, Qiagen Inc., Valencia, CA, USA). Control nickel beads were pre-blocked in 125mM histidine, and then both sets of beads (control nickel and Ni-bound His-Mfn2) were blocked in 1% casamino acids and washed in ELB before incubation with Reaper peptide. Control Ni-beads and Ni-bound His-Mfn2 beads were incubated in Xenopus egg extracts treated with DMSO vehicle or Reaper peptide (16μ). Following 1h incubation at 4°C, the beads were washed three times in ELB before SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting.
Drosophila S2 cells were resuspended in a hypotonic buffer (20m Hepes-KOH pH 7.5, 10m KCl, 1.5m MgCl2, 1m EDTA, 1m EGTA, 250m sucrose, 1m DTT and with Complete Protease Inhibitors (Roche)) and allowed to swell on ice 1h before lysis by sonication. Reaper16-65-conjugated and control beads were prepared as described above before incubation with cell lysates. Cleared cell lysates were incubated with beads for 2h at 4°C. Beads were then washed three times in PBS with 300mM NaCl before loading onto SDS-PAGE gels for immunoblotting.
Reaper-DIAP1 co-immunoprecipitations were performed by transfecting Drosophila Kc cells with pAW, pAGW-dMFN and pAWF-DIAP1 or pMT-RPR-HA, pAW and pAWF-DIAP1 or pMT-RPR-HA, pAGW-DIAP1 and pAWF-DIAP1. Cells were collected and resuspended in lysis buffer (50m Tris 7.5, 150m NaCl, 1% NP40 and 0.5% Na-Deoxycholate with complete protease inhibitor tablets). Lysates were spun down at 15000r.p.m. for 10min at 4°C in an Eppendorf microcentrifuge. Supernatant was added to 25μl HA affinity matrix beads (Roche) and incubated at 4°C for 1h. The beads were washed twice in lysis buffer and then incubated in 25μl SDS sample buffer for 5min at 95°C. The samples were then loaded on a 10–20% Criterion gel (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA, USA), transferred onto PVDF and probed for anti-HA, anti-GFP and anti-Flag.
The en-gal4 strain was crossed to UAS-dMFN or UAS-dMFN RNAi (VDRC, Vienna, Austria) at 22°C. Larvae were γ-irradiated and dissected for staining 4h later.39 Discs were stained with anti-active caspase 3 (Cell Signaling Technology Inc., Danvers, MA, USA; 1:50) and anti-Engrailed antibody (Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, Iowa City, IA, USA; 1:2). Secondary antibodies were Alexa 488-conjugated donkey anti-mouse and Alexa 647-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Invitrogen; 1:200). Adult wings were dissected and mounted in Euparal (BioQuip, Rancho Dominguez, CA, USA). Three wing discs for each genotype were used for quantification of anti-active CP3 staining, which recognizes several cell death-related epitopes in flies.40 CP3+ cell numbers were obtained from four randomly chosen × 40, zoom 4, en+ fields from en-gal4 UAS-dMFN or en-gal4 alone. Means of the numbers of active caspase-3-positive cells per field in each disc were obtained and statistically analyzed, (mean±S.D.). Two different genomic insertions of UAS-dMFN produced similar results.
Drosophila S2 cells were transfected with 3μg pMT-Reaper-HA, 0.3μg of pIE-Ds-Red and either 3μg pAC 5.1 or pAC 5.1 dMFN vector using Cellfectin transfection reagent (Invitrogen). After incubation for 3 days, Reaper expression was induced by washing the cells with serum-free media and then adding fresh complete media with CuSO4 (210μ) and photographed after 3 or 6h using fluorescence microscopy. The images were then scored for the percent of transfected cells with apoptotic morphology.
This work was funded by NIH grants RO1 GM080333 (SK), GM55568 (KW), a supplement for collaborative research GM55568-S1 (KW and SAK), and an MGH Fund for Medical Discovery (EA).
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Supplementary Information accompanies the paper on Cell Death and Differentiation website (http://www.nature.com/cdd)
Edited by E Baehrecke
PubMed Central Canada is a service of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) working in partnership with the National Research Council's national science library in cooperation with the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the U.S. National Library of Medicine(NCBI/NLM). It includes content provided to the PubMed Central International archive by participating publishers.


text:
Alexander sent him to Ecbatana, where he was condemned to death.
Burn them, and in ten days thou shalt be under the walls of Ecbatana.
In each of these provinces the principal city was called Ecbatana.
In the early spring he set out with the bulk of his army to Ecbatana.
She invades the Babylonians before the city was built, from whence they were denominated: and makes sumptuous gardens at Ecbatana.
This document was afterwards discovered in the archives of Ecbatana.
Did Zoroaster love you three years ago—when I saw you in his arms upon the terrace the morning when he came back from Ecbatana?
From his proud citadel at Ecbatana he ruled from the Halys to the Oxus.
Wilt thou allow search to be made in the house of the rolls at Ecbatana?
The colony at Ardericca was, however, hundreds of miles from Ecbatana.
"newspapers, radio, TV, etc." 1927, perhaps abstracted from mass media (1923, a technical term in advertising), plural of medium, on notion of "intermediate agency," a sense found in that word in English from c.1600.
media me·di·a1 (mē'dē-ə)
A plural of medium.
media 2
The tunica media.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
ICD-10 Diagnosis Code H44.6
Retained (old) intraocular foreign body, magnetic
Diagnosis Code H44.6
Short Description: Retained (old) intraocular foreign body, magnetic
Long Description: Retained (old) intraocular foreign body, magnetic
This is the 2017 version of the ICD-10-CM diagnosis code H44.6
Not Valid for Submission
The code H44.6 is a "header" and not valid for submission for HIPAA-covered transactions.
Code Classification
Diseases of the eye and adnexa (H00–H59)
Disorders of vitreous body and globe (H43-H44)
- Disorders of globe (H44)
- Disorders of vitreous body and globe (H43-H44)
Information for Medical Professionals
References found for the code H44.6 in the Index of Diseases and Injuries:
- Type 1 Excludes Notes: Type 1 Excludes Notes
A type 1 Excludes note is a pure excludes note. It means "NOT CODED HERE!" An Excludes1 note indicates that the code excluded should never be used at the same time as the code above the Excludes1 note. An Excludes1 is used when two conditions cannot occur together, such as a congenital form versus an acquired form of the same condition.
- current intraocular foreign body (S05.-)
- Type 2 Excludes Notes: "And"
The word "and" should be interpreted to mean either "and" or "or" when it appears in a title.
- retained foreign body in eyelid (H02.81-)
- retained (old) foreign body following penetrating wound of orbit (H05.5-)
- retained (old) intraocular foreign body, nonmagnetic (H44.7-)
Information for Patients
Eye Injuries
The structure of your face helps protect your eyes from injury. Still, injuries can damage your eye, sometimes severely enough that you could lose your vision. Most eye injuries are preventable. If you play sports or work in certain jobs, you may need protection.
The most common type of injury happens when something irritates the outer surface of your eye. Certain jobs such as industrial jobs or hobbies such as carpentry make this type of injury more likely. It's also more likely if you wear contact lenses.
Chemicals or heat can burn your eyes. With chemicals, the pain may cause you to close your eyes. This traps the irritant next to the eye and may cause more damage. You should wash out your eye right away while you wait for medical help.
- Corneal injury
- Eye - foreign object in
- Eye emergencies
- Hyphema
[Read More]
Foreign Bodies
If you've ever gotten a splinter or had sand in your eye, you've had experience with a foreign body. A foreign body is something that is stuck inside you but isn't supposed to be there. You may inhale or swallow a foreign body, or you may get one from an injury to almost any part of your body. Foreign bodies are more common in small children, who sometimes stick things in their mouths, ears, and noses.
Some foreign bodies, like a small splinter, do not cause serious harm. Inhaled or swallowed foreign bodies may cause choking or bowel obstruction and may require medical care.
- Bezoar
- Eye - foreign object in
- Foreign body in the nose
- Foreign object - inhaled or swallowed
- Splinter removal
[Read More]


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This motel was inexpensive, clean, and well-run. The man behind the desk was extremely nice and directed us to a wonderful catfish restaurant down the road. I would stay there again in a heartbeat! My only issue was with my bed. It was comfy but whenever I got in and out it was creaky, so I woke my husband up a few times.
- Also Known As:
- Rocky Creek Hotel Lucedale


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My Favorite Last Minute Christmas Gifts
(This post contains affiliate links. For more information please refer to my Disclosures and Policies page) I don't know about anyone else but I am queen of the last minute Christmas gifts. Every year I tell myself I am going to shop ahead and get all these amazing deals. But every year life just takes … [Read more…]


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Russian Gift Gallery, gift shop, listed under "Gift Shops" category, is located at 6100 4th Ave S Seattle WA, 98108 and can be reached by 2067639422 phone number. Russian Gift Gallery has currently 0 reviews.This business profile is not yet claimed, and if you are the owner, claim your business profile for free. If you are not the owner you can invite this business to join by email or by phone.Browse all Gift Shops in Seattle WA. Discover census data for Seattle, WA.
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text:
Without hair, the toupee's millions of years of evolutionary mimicry would be for naught, leaving them open to predation from natural foes such as bald eagles and low-hanging flypaper. Give wigs something to imitate with today's Groupon: for $125, you get a Cadiveu Brazilian blowout, a trim, and a gloss treatment at Kimarge Salon (up to a $380 value), located in Los Feliz and Culver City.
Kimarge Salon's adept stylists, including a Brazilian-blowout specialist, festoon radiant, healthy hairstyles using top-of-the-line Cadiveu products and customized cuts. Visits start with a detailed consultation, allowing the stylist to take into account customers' facial structure, skin tone, and pro or antidisestablishmentarian sympathies before trimming unruly locks into personalized paragons of aesthetic excellence. Frizzy hair and lusterless coiffures are further restored to youthful brilliance with the formaldehyde-free Cadiveu Brazilian keratin treatment. Following a shampoo with an antiresidue formula, the keratin treatment is combed through the hair, coating strands in the protective panoply of protein that smoothes and revives. A blow-dry and flatiron seals in the formula for a long-lasting effect, followed by a mask and smoothing serum to leave strands shiny, full-bodied, and speed-bump-free.
The treatment has no down time, allowing hair to be washed after a postsalon workout or unexpected clown-pie assault travelling home, and an included gloss treatment adds more shine to already blinding hair, deepening natural hues to color-wheel-shaming intensities.
More than 40 Yelpers give Kimarge Salon an average of 4.5 stars:
- The color and cut are amazing, but the Brazilian Blowout is practically life-changing. – Rebecca F., 3/7/11
- The styles they come up with are traditional for us conservative folk and totally original and hip for the fashionistas. – Anneke C., 1/23/11
Kimarge Salon
Dedicated to improving and maintaining hair integrity, the professionals at Kimarge Salon carefully select products from brands such as Kevin Murphy, Label.M, and Joico to perform an array of specialized coloring and defrizzing treatments. To complete aesthetic renovation, the salons also offer haircuts, makeup sessions, and bridal updos. Prior to each treatment, the hair horticulturalists meet with clients during in-depth image consultations to discuss personal styling needs and concerns. Stylists conjure designs that work with each person's routines and best features, such as bone structure, skin tone, wardrobe, and spirit animal.


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Several years ago, I stipulated to a public reprimand by the Oregon State Bar.
I represented a homeowner's association against a former client. I had previously prepared a will for the former client when I was in association with another attorney several years before.
My client homeowner's association was successful against my former client, by summary judgment. Afterward, the former client complained to the bar association.
I stipulated to the facts and received a public reprimand. I have since served on the following committees for the Oregon State Bar: Judicial Administration Committee, 3 years; Unlicensed Practice of Law Committee, present member since 1/2010.


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We currently have an environment with computers in remote locations that are accessible to people outside our organization. These computers use DeepFreeze to maintain the computer secure/safe.
Each locations has it's own DSL circuit witch can have as many as 4 computers connected to it. The computers are using DHCP (Dynamic IP's) for the WAN side and mostly static addresses on the LAN side.
Question: Is there a way to configure Spiceworks to monitor these computers eventhough they are all outside my local network? If so, could you please point me to the documentation that would show me how, or perhaps someone could assist me. :-)
Thanks a million!
Jan 12, 2012 at 6:52 UTC
This is a similar thread - has some links on setting up Remote Collectors.
This topic was created during version 5.3.
The latest version is 7.5.00101.
5 Replies
Jan 12, 2012 at 6:42 UTC
The "Remote Monitoring" feature in SpiceWorks is actually a comparison between what is returned in the scans and what "monitor alerts" that data is compared to. So...
To start setup a network scan with the IP addresses you want to monitor. This needs IP (or resolvable DNS names - which may be better since you are using DHCP) and administrative login credentials to gather WMI info. Once that is in place and tested, you can setup monitors.
Please post back if you need more detailed steps.
Jan 12, 2012 at 6:43 UTC
you would have to have the connectivity to them - ie a vpn solution. Or you will have to install a remote collector at each site and have it report back to your main site.
Just set the scan range for the proper ip address range and the proper credentials.
Jan 12, 2012 at 6:52 UTC
This is a similar thread - has some links on setting up Remote Collectors.
Jan 12, 2012 at 6:52 UTC
Jan 12, 2012 at 6:53 UTC
This is a similar thread - has some links on setting up Remote Collectors.
What timing! lol...
This discussion has been inactive for over a year.
You may get a better answer to your question by starting a new discussion.


text:
- Sabre/concave ground blade
- Genuine buffalo horn handle
- Brass and red/black fiber spacers
- Hand crafted and engineered with quality and durability in mind
The surgical stainless steel clip point blade is easy to sharpen and very corrosion resistant, so it will last many years in the field. The genuine buffalo horn handle and polished pommel give this knife its classic look and feel. The leather sheath is the perfect classic look to carry this hunting knife. The clip point blade is a popular choice for hunting knives. The advantage that a clip point has over a drop point is its ability to stab and puncture, where a drop point cannot.
Technical Information
Folding or Fixed Blade: Fixed
Blade Steel: Stainless Steel
Handle Material: Buffalo Horn
Blade Shape: Clip Point
Serrated: No
Carry Options: Leather Sheath
Blade Finish: Stainless
Blade Length: 5"
Blade Thickness: .063"
Overall Length: 9"
Weight: 6 oz


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Woodside Petroleum chief executive Peter Coleman has signalled the rationale for the company's unsuccessful $11.6 billion takeover tilt at Oil Search in 2015 is as strong as ever but says the company doesn't "see any basis" to try again after being brushed off last time.
"Oil Search didn't engage last time so we don't see any basis upon which there would be an engagement at all," Mr Coleman said in Sydney.
"Our view is the deployment of capital at this moment is maybe best deployed in the smaller end of the asset pool."
He said the combination of the two companies would have brought together a number of assets with very low operating cash positions, providing a "really strong platform to growth" even in the current low oil price environment.
Mr Coleman said Woodside's refusal to sweeten the proposed scrip-based offer with cash had been justified by the further fall in crude oil prices since the October approach.
"The reason we did it with equity should be blindingly obvious to people today – we were not going to make a bet on the price of oil," he said.
"If we had listened to some of those who wanted us to go out and pay for it in cash and draw debt I would have been locked into an oil price expectation which is more than double where the oil price is today."
Valuation multiples still too high
Mr Coleman said Woodside was not currently seeking another way to get into Papua New Guinea, pointing to valuation multiples that were still too high given the collapse in prices.
"I can go and purchase those molecules elsewhere in the world and even closer to home for about a third of what those current valuations are," he said.
"So some of those valuations, in our mind, haven't been corrected for the current oil price situation at all, and so we just think that's just not the right thing for Woodside at this point in time. That may change – Papua New Guinea was very welcoming to our approach."
Mr Coleman told investors at Woodside's full-year earnings briefing the company was focusing more now on potential smaller targets, following through on that with an investment into prospective oil exploration acreage off the coast of Senegal and Guinea-Bissau in West Africa.
But he said Woodside was also considering more material deep-water assets in Africa.
"We'll have to think about the valuation and the cash that would be required to secure them because some of those will become long dated and the more cash that's required . . . we just really need to think through whether that's the right decision for Woodside at that point," Mr Coleman said.
"Those assets were not on the market 12 months ago. Today some of those assets are coming up and they are more interesting, but it doesn't mean we are going to buy anything."
Long-term industry changes
Mr Coleman has said the collapse in the oil market could herald more significant, longer-term changes in the industry, beyond whether producers will survive or thrive should oil prices remain at current levels of less than $US40 a barrel for another 12 months or more.
He said many companies could fall into the hands of their creditors unless prices recovered, making their future dependent on the willingness of their debt owners to fund the industry, and the cost of that.
"It's a reset of the period of cheap money, cheap capital being available," Mr Coleman said. "So what that then does is bring into question the viability of some of the business models, particularly those that require large amounts of ongoing capital. They become far more susceptible to changes in the cost of that capital."


text:
Rodney Harrison, University College London
Laurie Wilkie, University of California, Berkeley (North America)
Alfredo González-Ruibal, Spanish National Research Council (Europe)
Associate Editor
Cornelius Holtorf, Linnaeus University
Review Editors
Sefryn Penrose, Atkins Heritage
Journal of Contemporary Archaeology is the first dedicated, international, peer-reviewed journal to explore archaeology's specific contribution to understanding the present and recent past. It is concerned both with archaeologies of the contemporary world, defined temporally as belonging to the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, as well as with reflections on the socio-political implications of doing archaeology in the contemporary world. In addition to its focus on archaeology, JCA encourages articles from a range of adjacent disciplines which consider recent and contemporary material-cultural entanglements, including anthropology, cultural studies, design studies, history, human geography, media studies, museum studies, psychology, science and technology studies and sociology. Acknowledging the key place which photography and digital media have come to occupy within this emerging subfield, JCA includes a regular photo essay feature and provides space for the publication of interactive, web-only content on its website.
Emerging from a number of different quarters, this exciting and rapidly expanding field of research has for some time fallen uneasily between a range of other disciplines, research areas and journals. JCA will act as a dedicated international forum in which to establish the boundaries of this emerging sub-discipline, to develop new methods, concepts and approaches, and to collaborate on important future research agendas on archaeologies of the recent past and present.
The Journal publishes a range of different types of articles, ranging from in-depth Discussion Articles (to be accompanied by comments from relevant researchers and an author's reply); regular Research Articles which are generally shorter and more case-driven; Interviews comprising occasional, edited discussions between researchers and individuals whose academic or creative work makes a contribution to understanding the archaeology and materiality of the contemporary world; Forums, a series of short responses to previously circulated questions; and, as noted above, Photo Essays. Reviews are published online only and potential reviewers should contact the Review Editors prior to submitting a review as the Journal normally does not accept unsolicited reviews.
Potential contributors should consult the Journal's Guidelines which can be found on the For Authors page above.
Indexing & Abstracting
Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI)/Web of Science
ISSN 2051-3429 (print)
ISSN 2051-3437 (online)
Forthcoming Issue
Archaeologies of Forced and Undocumented Migration
Guest edited by Yannis Hamilakis
Table of Contents
Guest Editor's Introduction
Archaeologies of Forced and Undocumented Migration
Yannis Hamilakis
The 1947 Partition of India and Pakistan: Migration, Material Landscapes, and the Making of Nations
Erin Riggs and Zahida Rehman Jat
'We Palestinians Refugees' – Heritage Rites and/ as the Clothing of Bare Life: Reconfiguring Paradox, Obligation and Imperative in Palestinian Refugee Camps in Jordan
Beverley Butler and Fatima Al-Nammari
Surveilling Surveillance: Counter-mapping Undocumented Migration in the US-Mexico Borderlands
Haeden Stewart, Ian Ostericher, Cameron Gokee and Jason De León
Place-Making in Non-Places: Migrant Graffiti in Rural Highway Box Culverts
Gabriella Soto
William Caraher, Richard Rothaus and Bret Weber
Empty Migrant Rooms – An Anthropology of Absence through the Camera Lens
Eckehard Pistrick and Florian Bachmeier
If Space Remotely Matters: Camped in Greece's Contingent Countryside
Kostis Kourelis
Orange Life-Jackets: Materiality and Narration in Lesvos One Year after the Outburst of the "Refugee Crisis"
Giorgos Tyrikos-Ergas
Interrupted Journeys: drawings by refugees at the Kara Tepe camp, Lesvos, Greece
Ángela María Arbeláez and Edward Mulholland
Abandoned refugee vehicles "in the middle of nowhere": Reflections on the global refugee crisis from the northern margins of Europe
Oula Seitsonen, Vesa-Pekka Herva, Mika Kunnari
The Garden of Refugees
Rui Gomes Coelho
Reframing the Lampedusa Cross: A Discussion of the British Museum's display of the Mediterranean Migrant Crisis
Morgan Breene
The Tu Do at Anchor
Denis Byrne
Reflecting on the Roles and Responsibilities of Heritage Organisations in Mitigating the Impact on Those Affected by Forced Migration
John Schofield
Supplementary online only articles
Conversations with refugees on material heritage and art
Christina Thomopoulous
The Materiality of the State of Exception: Components of the Experience of Deportation from the United States
Agnieszka Radziwinowiczówna
Send books for review to:
Rodney Harrison
Institute of Archaeology
University College London
31-34 Gordon Square
London, WC1H 0PY
United Kingdom
eBooks now available
|We've launched our eBook platform serving individuals and libraries. All books now available in print or eBook format.
|Posted: 2017-03-04
|More Announcements...
Vol 3, No 2 (2016)
Table of Contents
|Archaeologies of Forced and Undocumented Migration
|Yannis Hamilakis
|121 - 139
|The 1947 Partition of India and Pakistan: Migration, Material Landscapes, and the Making of Nations
|Erin Riggs , Zahida Rehman Jat
|139 - 146
|"We Palestinian Refugees" – Heritage Rites and/as the Clothing of Bare Life: Reconfiguring Paradox, Obligation, and Imperative in Palestinian Refugee Camps in Jordan
|Beverley Butler , Fatima Al-Nammari
|147 - 159
|Surveilling Surveillance: Countermapping Undocumented Migration in the USA-Mexico Borderlands
|Haeden Eli Stewart , Ian Ostereicher , Cameron Gokee , Jason De Leon
|159 - 174
|Place making in Non-places: Migrant Graffiti in Rural Highway Box Culverts
|Gabriella Soto
|174 - 195
|Lessons from the Bakken Oil Patch
|William Caraher , Bret Weber , Richard Rothaus
|195 - 204
|Empty Migrant Rooms: An Anthropology of Absence through the Camera Lens
|Eckehard Pistrick , Florian Bachmeier
|205 - 215
|If Place Remotely Matters: Camped in Greece's Contingent Countryside
|Kostis Kourelis
|215 - 227
|Orange Life Jackets: Materiality and Narration in Lesvos, One Year after the Eruption of the "Refugee Crisis"
|George Tyrikos-Ergas
|227 - 232
|Interrupted Journeys: Drawings by Refugees at the Kara Tepe Camp, Lesvos, Greece
|Ángela María Arbeláez Arbeláez , Edward Mulholland
|233 - 244
|Abandoned Refugee Vehicles "In the Middle of Nowhere": Reflections on the Global Refugee Crisis from the Northern Margins of Europe
|Oula Ilari Seitsonen , Vesa-Pekka Herva , Mika Kunnari
|244 - 260
|The Garden of Refugees
|Rui Gomes Coelho
|261 - 270
|Reframing the Lampedusa Cross: The British Museum's Display of the Mediterranean Migrant Crisis
|Morgan Lynn Breene
|270 - 278
|What Anchors the Tu Do?
|Denis Byrne
|279 - 285
|"Heritage on Exile": Reflecting on the Roles and Responsibilities of Heritage Organizations towards Those Affected by Forced Migration
|John Schofield
|286 - 293
Extended Forum
|The Materiality of the State of Exception: Components of the Experience of Deportation from the United States
|Agnieszka Radziwinowiczówna
|Digging up sounds, images and words together in Athens
|Christina Thomopoulos
|A Poem by Saeid Ghasemi
|Saeid Ghasemi
Equinox Publishing Ltd - 415 The Workstation 15 Paternoster Row, Sheffield, S1 2BX United Kingdom
Telephone: +44 (0)114 221-0285 - Email: email@example.com


text:
M.L. Stedman
- BMiscellaneous listings, starting March 10bristolobserver.com
- BMiscellaneous listings, starting March 3bristolobserver.com
- TDisney, DreamWorks Sued by Writer Alleging 'The Light Between Oceans' Copyright Infringementthewrap.com
- KSenior Newskentonbee.com
- Community Calendar: December 15, 2016theheraldtimes.com
- Community Calendar: December 8, 2016theheraldtimes.com
- Community Calendar: December 1, 2016theheraldtimes.comFourth St. , Körner , Main Street , Park Ave
- Community Calendar: November 24, 2016theheraldtimes.com
- Beautifully filmed and actedtimesofmalta.com
- Community Calendar: November 17, 2016theheraldtimes.com
- MThe Light Between Oceans : a two-hour perfume commercialmancunion.com
- KLibrary Newskentonbee.com
- Win tickets to The Light Between Oceansbrisbanetimes.com.au
- DFilm Review: "The Light Between Oceans"dailytitan.com
- At the Movies: 'The Light Between Oceans' is a Bit Dimdanapointtimes.com
- E'The Light Between Oceans' Flickers Dimlyemorywheel.com
- A Romantic Story Certain to Evoke Tears from the Most Reserved Viewerhuffingtonpost.com
Frequent names
Newstral's extraction of names of people and organisations from the world's news is completely automated. If you do not want your name to appear here, please contact us. We will be happy to look at your request.


text:
Howto configure the Linux kernel / drivers / pci / pcie
- PCI Express Port Bus Configuration
- Option: PCIEPORTBUS
- Kernel Versions: 184.108.40.206 ...
- (on/off) PCI Express support
- depends on PCI
- This automatically enables PCI Express Port Bus support. Users can choose Native Hot-Plug support, Advanced Error Reporting support, Power Management Event support and Virtual Channel support to run on PCI Express Ports (Root or Switch).
- Include service Kconfig here
- Option: HOTPLUG_PCI_PCIE
- Kernel Versions: 184.108.40.206 ...
- (on/off/module) PCI Express Hotplug driver
- depends on HOTPLUG_PCI && PCIEPORTBUS
- Say Y here if you have a motherboard that supports PCI Express Native Hotplug
- To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module will be called pciehp.
- When in doubt, say N.
- Option: HOTPLUG_PCI_PCIE_POLL_EVENT_MODE
- Kernel Versions: 188.8.131.52 ...
- (on/off) Use polling mechanism for hot-plug events (for testing purpose)
- depends on HOTPLUG_PCI_PCIE
- Say Y here if you want to use the polling mechanism for hot-plug events for early platform testing. When in doubt, say N.
Linux Kernel Configuration


text:
I recently had an interview piece with a well known WBTS personality accepted for publication. This piece will appear in a regional popular culture type publication and not in a magazine that CW buffs would typically read. But that's ok, as it will reach an "new" audience and expose them to some interesting WBTS information as it relates to the upcoming Sesquicentennial.
Also, I was contacted earlier today and asked to submit a piece to a University publication. This particular school, though located in a Southern state is "majority minority" school, including African-American and Hispanic students. My topic will be WBTS related, of course, and about a topic with which I'm very familiar. I'm anxious to see how it will be received. I continue to be amazed at some of the people who are familiar with my writing and work and the influence it appears to be having. More later.
And . . .
Other book news coming soon. Stay tuned.


text:
The SafeBridge industrial hygiene laboratory develops analytical methods to help the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry
meet their workplace air monitoring and surface sampling requirements. We are accredited by the American Industrial Hygiene Association Laboratory Accreditation Programs (AIHA-LAP, LLC) for the analysis of active pharmaceutical ingredients.
The following methods are commercially available through the SafeBridge analytical laboratory. In addition, SafeBridge regularly develops new and custom industrial hygiene air and surface sampling methods. If the method you are interested in is not listed, please call (650) 961-4820 or email email@example.com for more information.
If you wish to submit a sample, please follow these sample submission procedures.


text:
Sign in to retrieve a saved callback list.
Scores based on 35 reviews
Invoice history based on 26 reviews.
Welcome to Hard-rock we are a leading family run business with over 35 years experience in both domestic and commercial properties.
Throughout these years I have gained a vast amount of experience on the highway, building sites, domestic properties, including 4 years helping build the Olympic stadium.
We have become well known in the industry of landscaping and construction for our quality and well left work.
All staff are fully experienced in what we do. We specialise in all types of driveway, patios, paths, brickwork, fencing, decking, drainage, foundation and form work, artificial lawn, general, laboured and machine work.
We only ever take 1 job on at any one time to insure our full attention. We liaise with our customers throughout the project stage by stage to insure the customer is fully in the know how and happy. at these stages we are more then happy to amend things for your benefit like if you're not happy we'll happily change it.
At first hand we will plan with you and give a free design of where we can both amend to your satisfaction.
All of our work is completed by ourselves and not sub-let to others.
We are fully insured and our work is fully guaranteed.
We only ever use the best materials to insure the best finish is achieved.
Why not let us make your dream reality.
Free friendly no obligation quote.
Free drainage system and commercial membrane on every driveway and patio.
Our work is our future and our pride and we intend on keeping it.
Rochester,strood,gillingham,Gravesend, Chatham, Kent, westsussex, eastsussex, southeast,london


text:
Our Staff
"If a child is to keep his inborn sense of wonder, he needs the companionship of at least one adult who can share it, rediscovering with him the joy, excitement, and mystery of the world we live in."
~ Rachel Carson
The magic of a great outdoor education program does not come from the place or the curriculum but from the people that make everything happen. The ACOS staff teach, mentor and support students during their camping experience, allowing them to create life long connections with the natural world and their peers.
Hiring: 2016
Outdoor Education instructors
Staff Bios
Kelly Wood – Executive Director
Kelly draws on 15 years of experience at Chapel Rock to work with staff and guests to create outstanding educational and retreat experiences. Kelly graduated from Prescott College with a Bachelors degree in Outdoor Program Administration, started working on the ropes course and has never looked back. In his current role he manages staff, supervises summer camp, helps with ACOS, and ensures every guest has a great experience. In his free time, he enjoys spending time with his family.
Favorite Quote: "We do not believe in ourselves until someone reveals that deep inside us something is valuable, worth listening to, worthy of our trust, sacred to our touch. Once we believe in ourselves we can risk curiosity, wonder, spontaneous delight or any experience that reveals the human spirit."
– e.e. cummings
Sarah Vincent - Program Coordinator
Sarah is an east coast transplant, who grew up with an appreciation for the out of doors, a natural affinity for science, and the support of amazing communities. With a B.S. in Earth Science from George Mason University, six years of teaching and facilitating in the field of outdoor education, and over 300 nights spent out under the stars of the Southwest; Sarah is excited to share her enthusiasm with visitors. Whether it is working with the Aspen Creek Outdoor School, facilitating on the ropes course, or just saying hello in the dining hall, Sarah enjoys seeing and fostering the connections made at Chapel Rock. Connections made with the outdoors, each other, and within us. Sarah likes bluebirds, dragonflies, ice cream, campfires and spending time with loved ones.
Meghan Myrick – Challenge Course Manager
Originally from Southern Maine, Meghan received a Bachelor's of Science in Ski Area Management from Lyndon State College in VT, and a Masters of Arts in Instructional Leadership from Sam Houston State University in Huntsville, TX. Meghan's love of the outdoors began at a leadership camp in Maine at the age of 12. She has pursued a life in the outdoor field taking her to far away places. Meghan brings over a decade of outdoor education and wilderness experience with her Chapel Rock. Everything from leading a variety of outdoor trips, and managing an indoor rock climbing wall, to accompany a group of researchers to Botswana Africa as their camp manager, cave, and vertical rope expert. Meghan loves it here in Prescott, AZ and is very excited to be taking on the role of Challenge Course Manager.
Greenbriar Bragg - ACOS Staff
Greenbriar has spent a large part of his life outside exploring nature and wild places around the world, and grew up in Prescott, Arizona. He first learned his love of the outdoors and his desire to share it with others on a ten-day Outward Bound backpacking trip when he was 12. The time he spent in nature only grew, until Greenbriar graduated from Prescott College with a degree in Adventure Education, which led him to many wild places and a desire to share nature with others. He has worked in outdoor education in Arizona, California, and the British Virgin Islands. Greenbriar loves being outside and travelling, especially by bicycle and kayak, and is excited to be part of the Aspen Creek Outdoor School team.
Justin Corbull - ACOS Staff
Justin Corbull is a natural-born native to the Prescott Area as well as an Outdoor Educator for the Aspen Creek Outdoor School. Ready to begin a new chapter in his life, Justin joins the Chapel Rock team with a high level of enthusiasm, commitment, and of course a passion for the outdoors! "Honestly, there is just something unique about the outdoors that makes me wander endlessly and explore further" he says, "everything is interconnected in some way or form, so recognizing this can open you up to a fresh perspective on the world." Prior to becoming an ACOS leader, Justin worked at Yavapai Big Brothers Big Sisters, where his "fire for helping others was lit." Faith, food, fishing, and friendship are what's most important in Justin's life.
Tori Heinon - ACOS Staff
Tori comes from the frozen lands of Minnesota where she has spent most of her life. For many summers, she was a leader at a camp in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness, where she developed a passion for the outdoors. She received bachelor's degrees in sociology and anthropology from St. Olaf College, where she also played ice hockey. For the past few years, Tori has been traveling around the world to places including Norway, Micronesia, Costa Rica, and Colombia, but is excited to be starting a new chapter in Prescott. A lover of dogs, the ocean, rain, traveling, and all things food, she is excited to share her enthusiasm with the world.
Bre Orsburn - ACOS Staff
Bre, originally from Indiana, now resides in the beautiful Prescott, Arizona. She has a double major in communications and theology from Grand Canyon University. She finds herself at Chapel Rock for her third year and is very excited to serve for her first year on the ACOS program. She feels most alive when she spends time outside and with her best friends. She's all about good music, good food and good conversations.
Jeff Orsburn - ACOS Staff
Jeff has been with Chapel Rock for two summers and is excited in his first year as an ACOS facilitator. Jeff loves working with youth of all ages and being outdoors is one of his greatest passions! Originally from Prescott Valley, Arizona, Jeff is a graduate of Grand Canyon University with a Bachelors degree in Communications and Christian Studies. His hobbies include most anything physically active such as hiking and mountain biking, and Jeff also enjoys playing the guitar in his free time.
Elizabeth Paullin - ACOS Staff
Elizabeth was born and raised in Atlanta, Ga. She graduated from GSU with a B.A. in Psychology. Some of her favorite classes were recreation management as well as outdoor and early childhood education. After graduating college, Elizabeth became a certified therapeutic horseback riding instructor. In 2015, she moved to Prescott to pursue her love for nature and the outdoors. Elizabeth began working at Chapel Rock the summer of 2016 as a ropes course facilitator and is excited to expand her work to the Aspen Creek Outdoor School. Her enthusiasm for nature and learning is contagious, which makes her a great team member here at Chapel Rock.
Julie Polovitch – ACOS Staff
Julie saunters through meadows, humming catchy folk songs, simultaneously identifying flora and fauna. A lover of creeks, hikes, road trips, poetry, and pizza, she greets the world with positivity and care. Julie is a Prescott College graduate and has taught in multiple adventure and environmental education programs. She loves being an outdoor teacher/facilitator because she gets to share her admiration for nature with others.
Jono Ruf – ACOS Staff
Jono has been working to help others for well over a decade. He has spent time working with at-risk youth at an outdoor camp, he has worked with persons of all ages experiencing disabilities, and has also worked as a teacher's assistant in a college setting. Jono grew up on a farm and has worked on various types of farms throughout his lifetime. Jono greatly enjoys spending time outdoors, especially when on a bicycle. Other interests include about anything involving water and cooking.
Andrew Zapushek – ACOS Staff
Andrew hails from the land of Wisconsin, but has been happy to call Prescott his home off and on for a nice chunk of his life. He has spent the last couple of years working in Utah serving as a wilderness therapy field staff, where he mastered the art of bow drilling, hand crafted oodles of spoons, and most important, built meaningful relationships with others and the desert. He is excited to share his love of the outdoors and experience working with others, with the Aspen Creek Outdoor School. Andrew enjoys rock climbing, mountain biking and soccer.


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|"ara.t.howard" <ara.t.how...@gmail.com>
|Re: Can I guarantee uniqueness in a field without using _id?
|Wed, 14 Jan 2009 19:58:09 GMT
On Jan 13, 2009, at 11:51 PM, Chris Anderson wrote: > CouchDB will enforce unique docids within a database on a single node. > In the long run, we may also support partitioning a single database > across many nodes. In that case, we should also support uniqueness > constraints with a single logical database. So should your name server > get too busy for one box, Couch should support spreading the load > across a cluster of boxes. even more useful would be to be able to set some sort of key prefix per server. a scope if you will. that plus ha-proxy to multiple backends would be powerful. a @ http://codeforpeople.com/ -- we can deny everything, except that we have the possibility of being better. simply reflect on that. h.h. the 14th dalai lama
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Who Is Able To Stand? (21 of 41) by Jerry Watts
This content is part of a series.Who Is Able To Stand? (21 of 41)
Series: The Unveiling
Jerry Watts
Revelation 6:9-17
• The last question in verse 17 is our first challenge of today. "Who is able to stand before the Lamb and the One on the throne in their day of wrath?" Just as surely as God sent the flood waters on evil during the days of Noah and sent the fire and brimstone on Sodom and Gomorrah during the days of Abraham, He will send His wrath on this evil world in the ends of days. In those days, "Who will be able to stand?"From the scripture we are getting a picture of the post-rapture and tribulation conditions of this world. Last week we watched as the Lamb popped each of the first four seals and were stunned by the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse and the devastation to this world. In the context of eschatology (end times), we still have 3 mores seals, 7 trumpets, and 7 vials (bowls) of judgment, so things are definitely going to get much worse for the inhabitants of earth. Already over 1.7 billion people have died. What's next?
• Focus your attention, see the Lamb break the next seal, and we see 2 things;
1) The Protection of the Persecuted - Don't miss this truth; these two seals are all about the workings of God Himself. We get a picture of souls under the altar.
a) What this means - Let me remind you what the scripture teaches about the tabernacle; the furnishings were a 'pattern' of the worship center in heaven. This means in heaven there is a 'perfected altar' of sacrifice in the throne room. In the Bible, it was the brazen altar where the animals were sacrificed. The blood poured out at the foot of the altar symbolizing that the animal was sacrificed for the person offering it. NOW get this picture; those souls who are under the altar have literally offered their lives up for our Lord. Their blood was broken and spilled out because of their faith in Christ so now, in heaven; they are afforded a special place. God has a special place for everyone who is fa ...
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E*TRACS (TSA-E Tracking Resources, Alerts, and Capabilities System) is a web‐based system that serves two important roles for healthcare organizations in North Central Texas: 1.) Daily tracking of facility status and bed availability and 2.) Manages the procurement and inventory of HPP agencies. E*TRACS includes features that allow facilities/organizations to track and map multiple categories of resources, notify partners of emergency events, communicate on‐line in real‐time, and calculate, print, and save system data in reports.
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Learn more about C.F.BANKS LIMITED. Check the company's details for free and view the Companies House information, company documents and list of directors.
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|Fixed Assets
|£ 481,001
|Tangible Fixed Assets
|£ 477,713
|Current Assets
|£ 592,454
|Tangible Fixed Assets Depreciation
|£ 102,172
|Provisions For Liabilities Charges
|£ 4,359
|£ 470,735
|Shareholder Funds
|£ 846,959
|Profit Loss Account Reserve
|£ 834,459
|Called Up Share Capital
|£ 12,500
|Net Assets Liabilities Including Pension Asset Liability
|£ 846,959
|Total Assets Less Current Liabilities
|£ 851,318
|Net Current Assets Liabilities
|£ 370,317
|Creditors Due Within One Year
|£ 222,137
|Cash Bank In Hand
|£ 14,134
|Stocks Inventory
|£ 107,585
|Share Capital Allotted Called Up Paid
|£ 12,500
|Number Shares Allotted
|£ 12,500
|Tangible Fixed Assets Additions
|£ 1,354
|Tangible Fixed Assets Cost Or Valuation
|£ 572,766
|Tangible Fixed Assets Depreciation Charged In Period
|£ 8,473
|Fixed Asset Investments Cost Or Valuation
|£ 3,288
|Investments Fixed Assets
|£ 3,288
Information about the Private Limited Company C.F.BANKS LIMITED has been prepared for information purposes only. It is not intended to be nor does it constitute legal advice. This is public information provided by the official company register.


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Writing Quotes and Affirmations by Eleesha – to Uplift You:
1) Let The Words You Need To Write, Flow To You
"I am an instrument through which
all things that need to be written
down and read by others can be.
Let the words that I need to write
today flow to me – rather than
away – so I may continue to
share with others – all that
I should." ~ Eleesha
~ written on 12-01-2009
2) Help You Say What Needs To Be Said
"My words need to be written
down, for without doing so, all
that needs to be said remains
unsaid. With this acceptance,
may the words flow to me like
never before – so I am able to
write down everything – just
as I should." ~ Eleesha
~ written on 12-01-2009
3) Writing Inspiration For The Words I Need To Say
"Let the words that I need
to say flow to me, so I may
truly share with all others
– those important things
I need to say." ~ Eleesha
~ written on 12-01-2009
4) Writing An Expression of Your Fulfillment
"My writing is an expression of
me and my fulfillment. In its
embrace, let me never run out of
the right words to say, and in
the comfort of this knowledge,
– I know that my writing will
forever flow." ~ Eleesha
~ written on 12-01-2009
5) Writing Inspiration & Words To Flow With Clarity
"Let the words that I need to
say be aptly expressed through
my hands. And that they may flow
with such clarity to me – I will find
that I am able to always freely
write them down." ~ Eleesha
~ written on 12-01-2009
6) Embellished With Thoughts To Write Down
"Let me continue to be
embellished with thoughts;
so I am easily able to
translate them into words
– which will communicate with
all others – all that I
need to say." ~ Eleesha
~ written on 12-01-2009
More For You to Enjoy:
- Get Inspired by visiting my – Life Series Collection
- To receive FREE Daily Inspirations – become a friend
- To understand my Inspirational Affirmations, Quotes & Saying
- To read my Inspirational Articles
- To listen to my Audio Inspiration
- To view my Video Inspiration
Hugs of appreciation from Eleesha, for your support, comments, tweets, e-mails and discussions they are all so greatly appreciated. ღ


text:
Published: November 10, 2013 - 12:16 AM
JERUSALEM: Two terse public exchanges last week appear to have undone whatever good willwas created between the Israeli and U.S. governments during a high-profile visit by President Barack Obama early this year.
Tensions burst into the open during a swing through the region by U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry. In an interview broadcast on both Israeli and Palestinian TV, Kerry questioned Israel's seriousness about peace with the Palestinians. Hours later Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu fired back, vowing not to cave into concessions to the Palestinians — and also saying he "utterly rejects" an emerging nuclear deal between world powers and Iran.
The rancor signals a tough road ahead for the twin American goals of finding a diplomatic solution for Iran's nuclear program and forging peace between Israel and the Palestinians. And it raises the specter of a return to the uncomfortable relationship that has often characterized dealings between Obama and Netanyahu.
Israeli news reports describe Netanyahu as being in "shock" over the possible Iranian compromise. Netanyahu, who sees Iran as an archenemy, has vowed to do anything, including a military strike, to prevent Iran from reaching weapons capability.
"If there were a synoptic map for diplomatic storms, the National Weather Service would be putting out a hurricane warning right now," diplomatic correspondent Chemi Shalev wrote on the website of the newspaper Haaretz. "And given that the turbulence is being caused by an issue long deemed to be critical to Israel's very existence, we may actually be facing a rare Category 5 flare up, a 'superstorm' of U.S.-Israeli relations."
Obama and Netanyahu took office just months apart in 2009, but seemed to share little in common. At joint appearances they appeared uncomfortable and even occasionally sparred. In one famous instance, Netanyahu lectured Obama on the pitfalls of Mideast peacemaking in front of the TV cameras at a White House meeting.
The lack of chemistry seems rooted in vastly different world views. Obama is a proponent of diplomacy and consensus, while Netanyahu believes Israel can trust no one and must protect itself.
Netanyahu also enjoys strong ties with U.S. Republicans. In 2012, he was widely perceived to have backed Obama's opponent, former Massachusetts Gov. Mitt Romney.
And there has been constant friction over Netanyahu's insistence on continuing to settle Jews on occupied land even as he negotiates with the Palestinians.
Last March, Obama traveled to Israel for a visit widely seen as an attempt to reboot relations. The two leaders appeared together at a series of events, smiling and sharing jokes. But even then there were signs of trouble. Obama urged an audience of university students to pressure Israeli leaders to change their ways and take bold new steps to reach peace with the Palestinians.
Since then, officials on both sides have stressed the countries are close allies regardless of politics.


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The beautiful actress who delivered of a baby boy precisely a week ago has dedicated her new born today, 23rd July, 2016.
The actress was bombarded with congratulatory messages after the photo of her above with her baby emerged online. We say congratulations to the proud new mum.
Make Money Online in Nigeria... Click HERE To Start Now!


text:
Matthew McConaughey wants baby
Pregnant Celebs: Cristiano Ronaldo Is Expecting His Fourth Child!
The footballer confirmed that his girlfriend Georgina Rodriguez is pregnant.
Matthew McConaughey and Camila Alves want a baby, and are said to want to conceive 'on or before' their honeymoon.
The film star proposed to Camila over the festive period. They already have son Levi, three, and two-year-old daughter Vida together, and now want a third child.
Reports have suggested that the pair will wed in Camila's home country, Brazil.
'They're planning a beach wedding in the spring and hoping to get pregnant on or before their honeymoon,' a source explained.
'Camila would be happy with just one more baby, but Matthew is dead-set on having a large family,' the source continued. 'He's sure that the engagement will convince her to have at least two more children over the next five years.'
The couple met in 2007 and currently reside in Austin, Texas.
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Post # 1
- alwaysforever8911
- 4 years ago
- Wedding: October 2016
What dress do u have? I think any of the above Is gorgeous!!!! I especially like the 2nd but they literally all are amazing
I did just the veil for the ceremony, and then put in a hair piece/comb for reception
I think you can do updo with a comb and a veil!


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Lots of Hardware and Tanks all on special!
Discussion in 'Second Wave Dynamics' started by Second Wave Dynamics, 17 Feb 2016.
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In a world where social cohesion is eroding rapidly, people still trust their health-care providers. Despite everything we know about medical care in much of the world -- poor care, discrimination, under-the-table payments, and doctors who put their own interests first -- people still open the door when you say "I'm a doctor, and I want to help."
Read Full Article »


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| Follow .
Focus: Books Harry Potter, Since: 03-09-05
Founder: Star Mage1 - Stories: 126 - Followers: 156 - Staff: 3 - id: 12897
This place I made for all the storys about Harry where he is an angel, god, demon or where he is related to one or it has one in it. Also any nonhuman Harry as well. I tend to avoid slash, so don't expect to see much of it here if any. Please send me any storys you know so that I may add it.


text:
Items designated as In-Stock are available to be picked up immediately from our distribution center or reserved to an order and scheduled for delivery. Please note that our product data feed is not real-time so please call us to confirm that the item is still in-stock.
Belfort Furniture offers White Glove in-home delivery and set-up by professionally trained personnel who will unwrap, place, and assemble your furniture in the appropriate room. Delivery is available Tuesday - Saturday. Once your delivery date is scheduled, you will receive a three hour delivery timeframe the day prior to your delivery.
Furniture may be picked up at our warehouse Monday-Saturday from 10AM to 6PM or Sunday from Noon to 5PM. Furniture that is picked-up may require assembly.
For delivery outside of our local metropolitan area, please contact us with your item(s) of interest for a delivery quote! 703-406-7600 or firstname.lastname@example.com
This fireplace insert is used to fit inside select TV stands. It has 1400 Watts, 4600 BTU and can heat up to a 400 square foot room. This piece has a new technology to eliminate noisy motor rotation noise that other fireplace inserts have. It includes a display panel in the front that tells you the temperature, flame level, and timer. This item also comes with a remote control that will work up to 20 feet away.
The La Sierra Fireplace Insert from Belfort Furniture. We proudly serve the Washington DC, Northern Virginia, Maryland and Fairfax VA area. Product availability may vary. Contact us for the most current availability on this product.
You can have a very attractive and modern look in your home with the La Sierra collection. The pieces carry a warm brown finish and features shelving compartments. Sleek and stylish, the La Sierra collection is bound to leave you pleased.
The La Sierra collection is a great option if you are looking for Transitional furniture in the Washington DC, Northern Virginia, Maryland and Fairfax VA area.
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At the very end of the twentieth century, Miroslav/Frederick comes from America to his native provincial town, the imaginary but very real Gradec, where, attending the funeral of his stepmother, he meets his old love, the unforgettable Gabrijela, whose running away with the circus has marked his whole life. The two old people try to flare up the flame of adolescent love in the world which disappears together with the century which reaches its end, melting behind them like sugar wool. Gabrijela and Miroslav led totally different lives and through their destinies that time gets distorted like in a mirror hall. Miroslav is a Jew, who was brought up without the knowledge of his Jewishness. He is a parlor leftist, skeptic, individualist, scientist who always has doubts and believes only in the ideals of a better and fairer society. Unlike him, Gabrijela has always readily accepted every religion, socialism, Catholicism and nationalism alike, and now she believes in the need for peace and living together. She gives herself completely and unquestioningly to all her religions, putting herself and her talent for fortune telling and curing diseases by old, almost witchlike methods into them. Through the destinies of these two unusual characters, Bauer has given a graphic picture of our provinces, their citizens and the prejudices that have burdened them from times immemorial. Carousel is a novel of strong personalities whose destinies have a universal value, and their efforts to survive in the mill-wheel of history acquire the characteristics of true heroism.
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