text:
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|« Date » · « Thread »
|Michael Glavassevich <mrgla...@ca.ibm.com>
|Re: inheritable attributes patch, question
|Mon, 24 Aug 2009 11:56:02 GMT
Hi Mukul, I glanced briefly at your patch and looks like what you're doing is functionally equivalent to managing a namespace context. Have you looked at NamespaceSupport [1] before? You should be able to do something similar for the inheritable attributes which would greatly reduce the number of objects being created (i.e. could completely eliminate the Integer, ArrayList and Iterator objects). Something like: public class InheritedAttributeContext { private InheritableAttribute[] fInheritedAttrs = ...; private int fInheritedAttrSize; private int[] fContext = new int[8]; private int fCurrentContext; // methods similar to NamespaceSupport ... } In that you could also reuse the InheritableAttribute objects. All of this would help improve performance. Thanks. [1] http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/xerces/java/trunk/src/org/apache/xerces/util/NamespaceSupport.java?annotate=447241 Michael Glavassevich XML Parser Development IBM Toronto Lab E-mail: email@example.com E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Mukul Gandhi <email@example.com> wrote on 08/24/2009 05:57:18 AM: > Hi all, > I am working upon improvements, for inheritable attributes patch, > as suggested by Khaled Noaman. > > I have completed all functional improvements, as suggested by Khaled. > I hope to submit the updated patch, asap. > > I have a question, on one of the suggestions, which Khaled sent: > Khaled wrote, that don't use new Integer(.. rather, we should use > Integer.valueOf(.. > > I agree to this. But JRE 1.3 and 1.4 do not have a > Integer.valueOf(int) API. JRE 1.4 has an API, Integer.valueOf(String). > > So it seems, to meet this requirement, we need to write as, > Integer.valueOf(""+fElementDepth). > > Is Integer.valueOf(""+fElementDepth) better, or new Integer(.. is better? > > Through, JRE 1.5 and above has an API, Integer.valueOf(int). But we > can't use, this API as we need to conform to JRE 1.3. > > -- > Regards, > Mukul Gandhi > > --------------------------------------------------------------------- > To unsubscribe, e-mail: email@example.com > For additional commands, e-mail: email@example.com
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text:
Arsenal's Mesut Ozil wants to win the Ballon d'Or
He has been one of the most criticised players in the Premier League this season, but Arsenal's Mesut Ozil has vowed to defy his doubters by being crowned as the best player in the world.
Arsenal's £42.4m German midfielder has been hailed as a flop by many since his arrival from Real Madrid, but the 26-year-old has every confidence in his own ability and believes he can leap ahead of Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo in the list of the best players on the planet.
Speaking to German newspaper Bild, Ozil said: "If I continue to develop well and stay healthy, I would like, in the next few years, to hold the Ballon d'Or in my hands. I am convinced that it can happen.
"I am feeling very positive. I am a world champion and I play at a top club in the Premier League.
"There is much more of a physical test here than there is in Spain or in the Bundesliga - I constantly have bruises, but that makes me harder. I feel physically better than ever."
Ozil missed Arsenal's win at Newcastle on Saturday through illness before flying out to Germany ahead of international duty.
The midfielder was subsequently spotted in a Berlin nightclub, with Arsenal set to get the player's version of events when he returns ahead of the Premier League match with Liverpool on April 4.
Germany manager Joachim Low, however, played down the issue ahead of Wednesday's friendly against Australia.

subset: commoncrawl


text: This was a great highlight of our trip through the rockies. It's a young British couple with 2 children running this place living upstairs. Very friendly people. The husband checked us in in the evening when we got there, suggested a great place for dinner and gave us coupons to the place. He spent a good amount of time chatting... More


text:
- Clearance Sale
www.Utne.com | Subscribe Questions? Call 1-800-736-8863 or Contact Us
Internationally acclaimed hair designer Mary Beth Janssen offers a natural, holistic approach to hair care following the principles of Ayurveda. Janssen includes techniques for encouraging hair growth, formulas for creating botanical and herb hair preparations, and healthful approaches to cut, color and styling.
About the author
Mary Beth Janssen is nationally known in the salon industry for her innovative hair designs and her expertise in natural beauty and wellness. She is the author of several professional instructional manuals and videos, as well as many books on well-being. Janssen is an herbalist, a massage therapist, an aromatherapist, and a Master Gardener, and she is a certified educator for Deepak Chopra's Infinite Possibilities organization. She owns The Janssen Source, Inc., a wellness consulting company, and she lives in Illinois.
Author: Mary Beth Janssen
Pages: 192
Format: Paperback
Weight: 0.65
Item Number: 5370
We stand by our products. If you are not fully satisfied at any time with your purchase, simply return the item and we will issue you a full refund. No questions asked. Shipping and handling is non-refundable.
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Saturday, 8 a.m. to 12 p.m. Central Time.
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Ogden Publications, Inc.
1503 SW 42nd St.
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text:
DDoS Mitigation Service
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We see the Network, we monitor the Network and we can protect your business with automatic DDoS mitigation services from our Network core. Regardless of what internet facing security you may already have, we understand your specific Network traffic profile and defeat DDoS attacks before they reach your defences.
Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks take down online services and cause huge financial burdens, and they are on the increase by over 100% year on year. Connection to the Internet is now a business imperative but it is also the biggest threat to businesses today - meaning intelligent cyber security is required now more than ever.
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- Be aware and prepared in the anticipation of a Cyber Security attack.


text:
Downham 2 Swaffham 2
The local rivals couldn't be separated in Tuesday's West Norfolk derby at Memorial Field.
After the match Downham boss Mark Reeve praised his side's character after a battling performance.
He said: "We showed great character to grind out a result and I am really pleased with just how hard we battled.
"While we weren't at our best, we have a game plan which we stuck to and executed really well, and I thought we were excellent without the ball, despite being poor at times with it.
"The penalty was a big blow to us, especially after the way we started, but we showed a lot of character to respond the way we did and hit them on the counter attack so quickly.
"While it was disappointing to go behind again, the way we continued to battle and work hard was great to see and the lads deserved an equaliser for their excellent work rate."
After the original fixture was postponed due to a floodlight failure, Jack Redhead fired Swaffham ahead from the penalty spot after 35 minutes.
The hosts responded well to going behind and just five minutes later Ben Longmuir finished off a quick Downham counter attack to put his side back on level terms.
However in first half stoppage time, Luke Reed's effort ensured Paul Hunt's side went in ahead.
The second half was largely a scrappy affair, with both midfields working hard.
As time went on good organisation from Downham started to frustrate Swaffham and seven minutes from time Patrick Yates bagged his side a deserved equaliser as the Pedlars were forced to settle for a share of the spoils.
The result means Swaffham are second to Debenham LC on goal difference in the Thurlow Nunn First Division, while Downham sit in 12th place.
Next up for Downham is a trip to Halstead tomorrow in the Division One Knock Out Cup, while Swaffham welcome Braintree Town Reserves to Shoemakers Lane.
Downham: Billmen, Calvert, Clements, Dickson, Longmuir, Miller, Ogden, Porter, Sykes, Tansley, Yates. Subs: Cross, Fisher, Jarvis.
Swaffham: Allibone, Brooks, Castellan, Hockton, Jackson, Page, Platten, Porter, Redhead, Reed, Thompson. Subs: Edge, Miller, Woods, Thompson, Vincent.
Referee: Mr. C. Steele. Attendance: 75.


text:
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text:
Kane Waterer, galvanized
Portable auto-filling galvanized watering pan.
While Supplies Last. All sales are final, no returns.
Common Uses
- Length: 25"
- Width: 13"
- Depth: 4-1/4"
- Suited for: adult birds
- Number of birds: over 100
- Number of sheep/goats: Up to and over 100
- Waterfowl: yes
- Allows for worry free watering on hot days.
- Water consistently flows to the pan and refills automatically.
- Galvanized pan will not rust.
How to Use
Note: The exact number of birds to water is difficult to determine as there are many factors that influence intake; salt and protein levels in the diet, humidity, temperature, productivity (growth or egg production) and the birds ability to process feed and water.
Listed below are recommended optional components or related items. Your particular situation may require alternative recommendations. Please call and talk to our consultants if there are any questions at 800-282-6631.
Waterers and Accessories
Water ProtectorItem #540352 -
Helps prevent build-up of film, residue and natural contaminants.$10.50
Waterers and Accessories
Nutri-Drench for Poultry, 1 qtItem #620501 -
Poultry drench to provide a natural source of energy and nutrients for healthier, more productive birds. For use with chickens, turkeys, ducks and guineas.$32.00
Write a Review
You must be logged in to leave a review. Please sign in.
Sheryl O from Illinois
I have two. I use them with my chickens and goats. I do raise them up on block to keep the water cleaner for the chickens and easier for the goats to drink. It can be a little difficult to clean; I just sweep out with my hand and refill. I have trouble tightening the connection without a channel locks, bur that's acceptable. No more hauling water with a bucket.
John L from Oklahoma
About 25 years ago I fabricated automatic waterers for my horse barn. I was tired of the maintenance involved and expense of keeping the manufactured ones in service. The top of the waterer box I had laser cut to fit the configuration of the waterer pan. Reworked the inlet and float to come through the bottom. Power inside the enclosure provide means of heating. First I used magnetic oil pan heaters, but now simply a 75 watt bulb. The waterer serves two stalls. In time I replace the pan. This is the third time I have replaced the pans. Although the pans have doubled in price since the start, in has been far more economical and less maintenance than the manufactured ones I used to use. Please continue manufacturing this product. The next owner of my ranch may need them for replacements. Ha!
Mark B from Texas
This is a great waterer. My only recommendation is to have the edges either rounded over, or filed smooth. I am using these for my chickens, which have taken to it as the preferred water source. My goats are also more inclined to use this to any other water source available to them. Any time I notice that they are getting some dirt etc. in them, I just dump, swirl and set them back in place.
Gary/linda M from Morgan from West Virginia
During lambing season, this newly purchased waterer has eliminated a time consuming job of keeping fresh,clean water available for both ewes and lambs. We have placed one in the birthing field and one in the nursery field to accommodate nearly three hundred Katahdin hair sheep. We have been shepherds for only five years, but this galvanized Kane Waterer deserves a five-plus-star rating from both sheep and shepherds !
Roger H from Oregon
I like the construction but as stated in the other reviews a deeper pan would be nice. However, ours plugged after a few months. I couldn't find any instructions online for how to clean it so after I tried to push a needle into it to clear it, I made the mistake of taking it apart. The orifice for the water is very small which may be necessary but the problem is that the float valve assembly is extremely cheap and the hinge for it only connects to a plastic dome that then has a friction fitting to a brass nipple. I'm not sure it will go back on and stay. If you do buy one and it clogs, reach under and lift up the float valve and then push a needle into the orifice from the outside to clean it. This may be the best automatic waterer on the market but it's not well made.


text:
How To You Attach Roses To Fondant
Decorating By shanas Updated 16 Jul 2010 , 2:16pm by jamiekwebb
New here and going to make my first cake this weekend but before I start how can I attach roses to my fondant? I have gumpaste and I also will make fondant roses.
Thanks Shana
Water, RI or melted chocolate will all work. Good Luck!
Are they on wires or toothpicks? If toothpicks then you can just stick them in, wires are a completely different story. If they aren't on anything then just use RI...
Quote by @%username% on %date%


text:
Swiss Broccoli Chowder
Lynn Zak
One of my mom's favorites and mine as well. I add even more cheese as there is no such thing as too much cheese.
Blue Ribbon Recipe
- 2 c
- ham cut in cubes
- 2 c
- brocolli florets in small pieces
- 1 c
- milk
- 1 c
- half and half
- 2 c
- shredded swiss chesse
- 2 Tbsp
- flour
- 1/4 c
- water
- dash
- pepper
- 1
- beef bouillon cube
How to Make Swiss Broccoli Chowder
- 1Cook ham (about 15 minutes) in 2-3 cups of water, enough to cover ham plus a little more. Reserve 1 1/2 cup of this broth after boiling.
- 2add the beef boullion cube and stir to disolve. set the cubed ham aside.
- 3Combine the brocolli and the 1 1/2 cups broth and cook brocolli until tender.
- 4Add ham, milk, half and half to the broth and brocolli
- 5Mix the flour with the 1/4 cup water till smooth then add to the soup mixture.. stir until thickened.
- 6Add the shredded cheese and stir until melted.
About Swiss Broccoli Chowder
Course/Dish: Chowders
Main Ingredient: Pork
Regional Style: American
Other Tag: Quick & Easy


text:
A NEW antique shop in Evesham's Port Street will open its doors for the first time today.
Whimsy Antiques is a small furniture dealer and home décor retailer established by Paul Stephenson, who also owned 81 Port Street.
After the closure of Bookworms, the second hand and antiquarian book shop that had been in the premises for 43 years, the building was completely renovated and the Edwardian shop frontage restored.
With no businesses wanting to move into the premises Mr Stephenson decided to indulge his long standing interest in antique country furniture by offering a selection of carefully selected, practical pieces of furniture for sale at realistic prices.
The shop will open at 10am on Saturday but no find out more visit whimsyantiques.co.uk, call 01386 312009 or email firstname.lastname@example.com.


text: Fitch: tough times for mortgage lending Here's one occasion when bad news for banks is likely just as bad for brokers. Despite a solid performance by the Big Six in the first half of 2012, an international credit rating agency suggests the entire mortgage market is in for a rough ride through to the end of the year. "We expect retail growth to decelerate in the second half of 2012 as the housing market cools and new regulations aimed at curbing residential lending take effect," write analysts at Fitch Ratings, in their latest assessment of the country's commercial banking sector. "Fitch expects high leverage levels in the Canadian household sector, driven by mortgage credit expansion and a frothy housing market, in addition to margin pressure and reduced capital markets-related earning, to put greater pressure on the financial results of the Big Six over the coming quarters." The report comes at the heels of a recent CMHC warning that the market is headed for a "moderate slowdown" in the coming year. And for mortgage professionals inclined to cheer, the Fitch assessment likely applies equally to broker as it does to banks, say analysts. "Canada's housing markets are expected to moderate over the rest of 2013 and into 2013 and showing sustained activity levels specifically in the multiples segments, over the first half of 2013," said Mathieu Laberge, deputy chief economist for CMHC. "Balance market conditions in most local housing markets will result in a slowing in house price growth as well." At least one major Canadian bank had earlier warned that the market could be looking at a decade-long slowdown. "Canada's housing market is expected to avoid the sharp downturn witnessed in the United States and Europe," said Adrienne Warren, a senior economist at Scotiabank. "However, the downside risks to domestic housing activity are increasing. The full impact of the slowdown may not become fully visible until mid-decade." Warren said pent-up demand had been exhausted after 10 years of housing boom. Fitch's forecast contrasts the banks' performance in the first half of 2012. "Solid earnings over the last two quarters have been driven by domestic retail and commercial loan volumes, as well as improved capital market results," according to Fitch. "Limited provisioning expenses also contributed to earnings growth during the first half." According to Statistics Canada, household debt continues to drag the banks down. Household debt-to-income ratios hit an average 154.3 per cent during the first quarter of the year. Leave a comment SHARE


text:
Learn more about T & V LIMITED. Check the company's details for free and view the Companies House information, company documents and list of directors.
Know about every new company document that is added!
Take advantage of our watch this company feature free of charge and have notifications sent directly to your inbox. Whenever a new document appears on this website, or if their particulars change, you will be immediately informed about such changes. To monitor these changes, all you need to do is click on watch this company.
|Fixed Assets
|£ 404,238
|Tangible Fixed Assets
|£ 375,476
|Current Assets
|£ 22,648
|Tangible Fixed Assets Depreciation
|£ 6,933
|£ 901
|Shareholder Funds
|£ 418,220
|Profit Loss Account Reserve
|£ 339,220
|Revaluation Reserve
|£ 75,000
|Called Up Share Capital
|£ 4,000
|Total Assets Less Current Liabilities
|£ 418,220
|Net Current Assets Liabilities
|£ 13,982
|Creditors Due Within One Year
|£ 8,666
|Cash Bank In Hand
|£ 21,747
|Share Capital Allotted Called Up Paid
|£ 4,000
|Number Shares Allotted
|£ 4,000
|Tangible Fixed Assets Cost Or Valuation
|£ 382,361
|Tangible Fixed Assets Depreciation Charged In Period
|£ 48
|Investments Fixed Assets
|£ 28,762
Information about the Private Limited Company T & V LIMITED has been prepared for information purposes only. It is not intended to be nor does it constitute legal advice. This is public information provided by the official company register.


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Oct 17, 2006
|Filing date
|Apr 24, 2000
|Priority date
|Sep 29, 1995
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Michael B. McGraw, William A. Rux
|Original Assignee
|International Rehabilitative Science, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (5), Non-Patent Citations (1), Referenced by (8), Classifications (6), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 09/290,407, filed Apr. 13, 1999, which is a reissue of application Ser. No. 08/806,601, filed Feb. 26, 1997, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,836,995, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08/536,924, filed Sep. 29, 1995 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,755,745.
The present invention relates generally to portable muscle stimulators for unsupervised personal use. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method of and system for providing a portable muscle stimulator with a mechanism which provides usage monitoring capability.
With the increasing application of high technology to medical applications, there has been a trend in recent years to providing as much care as possible as well as sophisticated medical treatment outside of hospitals. That trend has resulted in an increase in the amount of surgery as well as other types of medical treatment, such as rehabilitation services, being performed outside of hospitals in, for example, ambulatory surgery centers or rehabilitation centers, respectively.
In order to provide an even more cost effective outcome, technology is being applied to obtain the desired medical outcome with medical equipment that can be utilized in the patient's home. In addition to the cost advantages obtained over providing similar treatment in an outpatient setting, the use of such devices by patients in their homes is also more convenient for the patients, since they do not need to travel to an outpatient center for treatment, and they can initiate their own unsupervised treatment at their convenience.
However, several issues which were not concerns when the treatment services were provided to patients in an outpatient or hospital setting, quickly become concerns when patients supervise their own treatment in their own living areas. First, the device which the patients operate to effectuate their prescribed treatment must be easy to use and must be made as safe to use as possible. Second, it would be desirable to be able to monitor and therefore document the use of the device by the patient, in order to assure that the protocol desired for the patient is being utilized. By obtaining such usage data, the physician/health care providers who have developed and/or prescribed the protocol for use by the patient can be satisfied that the patient is indeed performing the desired protocol and the patient's progress can be measured. In addition, the underwriter of the cost of the treatment can be assured that the patient is actually following the protocol. Such monitoring is important in connection with all of the Class II devices, as they are defined in the Food and Drug Administration's Manual, "Classification Names for Medical Devices and In Vitro Diagnostic Products," such as a powered muscle stimulator as defined in 21 C.F.R. 890.5850. Such Class II devices are regulated and require a prescription by a doctor but do not require a high degree of supervision. Thus, such devices are used personally by the patient for whom they are prescribed without any supervision at the time of use.
In view of the foregoing, it should be apparent that there still exists a need in the art for a method of and apparatus for a portable muscle stimulator which includes a usage monitoring capability for capturing and storing information with respect to the use of the device by a patient. It is, therefore, a primary object of this invention to provide a method of and apparatus for a portable muscle stimulator device having a usage monitoring and storage capability which is characterized by simple electronic circuitry and which has particular application for unsupervised personal use by a patient.
More particularly, it is an object of this invention to provide a powered muscle stimulator device as described above having reliable electronic circuitry and software which can be easily and safely used by an unsupervised patient.
Still more particularly, it is an object of this invention to provide a powered muscle stimulator device which uses a ramp-on/off style of stimulation which is more comfortable to the patient than the previously used abruptly changing stimulation approach.
Another object of the present invention is to provide several additional safety features which both enhance the patient usability and safety of the powered muscle stimulator invention disclosed herein. These features are designed to prevent user error and accidental use and to assure correct operation of the powered muscle stimulator itself.
Briefly described, these and other objects of the invention are accomplished in accordance with its apparatus aspects by providing a removable data storage card which is secured within the powered muscle stimulator on specially designed guide rails which prevent the removable data storage card from being inserted into the powered muscle stimulator incorrectly. The design of the guide rails also functions to removably secure the data storage card in the correct location within the powered muscle stimulator itself. In addition, the pins on the pad cables used with the muscle stimulator are designed with a large diameter so that they cannot be plugged into a typical household 110 volt electrical outlet. In addition, the battery charger cable pin is designed such that it can only plug into the battery charger jack and not into a channel jack, which could damage the powered muscle stimulator.
In its method aspects, the powered muscle stimulator of the present invention is designed to detect if a connection between the pads, cables and the stimulator is faulty and to take appropriate action. The powered muscle stimulator of the present invention is also designed such that a channel output level can be changed only by a single digit at a time, which assures that a rapid increase or decrease in muscle contraction will not be experienced by the user during treatment if the rocker switch was continually depressed.
Other safety features of the powered muscle stimulator include monitoring the battery charger so that none of the channels of the powered muscle stimulator can provide an output to a cable and pad while the battery is being recharged, constantly monitoring the frequency and width of the waveform output by the powered muscle stimulator and taking appropriate action if the waveform changes from the desired pattern, monitoring the liquid crystal display of the powered muscle stimulator and taking appropriate action if the display is not operating properly and constantly monitoring the battery voltage of the powered muscle stimulator and taking appropriate action if the amount of voltage supplied to the microprocessor is incorrect.
An additional safety and treatment feature of the powered muscle stimulator of the present invention is that the stimulus intensity regulated by the patient is the pulse width of the voltage signal which forms the output from each of the channels of the powered muscle stimulator. A ramp on/off type of stimulation is utilized such that the patient experiences a slowly increasing stimuli which is more comfortable than an abruptly changing stimuli used in prior art devices.
With these and other objects, advantages and features of the invention that may become hereinafter apparent, the nature of the invention may be more clearly understood by reference to the following detailed description of the invention, the appended claims, and to the several drawings attached herein.
Referring now in detail to the drawings wherein like parts are designated by like reference numerals throughout, there is illustrated in
As shown in
The muscle stimulator 100 may be used in a self-administered manner by patients for providing treatments prescribed by physicians and/or other health care providers. The muscle stimulator of the present invention may be used for the relaxation of muscle spasms, for the prevention or retardation of muscle disuse atrophy, for increasing local blood circulation in the legs or other limbs of the patient, for reeducating the leg muscles or other muscles of the patient, for providing immediate post-surgical stimulation of calf muscles of the patient in order to prevent venous thrombosis, or for maintaining or increasing the range of motions of the patient's legs or other limbs.
In order to connect the output jacks 116-122 of the muscle stimulator 100 to the patient, a like plurality of cables (only one cable 126 is shown for purposes of simplicity) is used to make a connection between one of the output jacks and a standard electrode pad (not shown) which contacts the skin of the patient. For safety purposes, the pin 128 of the cable 126 which is inserted into the respective jacks 116-122 in order to connect the electrode pad to the respective output-jack may be formed of such a shape and size that it is not possible to plug the pin 128 into a standard household plug which provides 110 volts of electricity. The pin 128 may preferably be a 2.5 mm diameter female plug.
The powered muscle stimulator 100 of the present invention is a digitally controlled device which provide additional safety features for the user, other than those previously described. The muscle stimulator provides four isolated channels capable of independently treating four separate muscle groups. Each of the four channels has independent output power stages and transformers in order to provide channel separation. The muscle stimulator 100 is battery powered in order to provide portability. The battery power is provided by an internal six volt nickel cadmium battery system 1208, which eliminates the need for patients to monitor and replace batteries. The user interface LCD 114 provides visual feedback to the user. In addition, the circuitry of the muscle stimulator 100 includes a buzzer 1214 having an output which provides audible reinforcement of keystroke actions. Also, each of the isolated channels has a separate intensity control for independently increasing and decreasing the intensity of that channel.
The power switch 102, in addition to powering on the muscle stimulator 100, also serves as an off switch for shutting down the device. The remaining operational functions, such as the contract or on time and relax or off time, treatment time and normal/alternating mode selection have built-in default settings in firmware of 2 seconds, 2 seconds 40 minutes and normal, respectively. However, as will be described later herein, those default settings are easily modified at the time of use, in accordance with the prescription of the user's physician's instructions.
As shown in
The data storage card 200 is preferably provided with a "handle" 210 which is formed in the bottom half 212 of the data storage card 200. The top 204 of the data storage card 200, like the bottom 212, is formed from a plastic material. The top 204 and bottom 212 portions may be secured together by means of screws 500 and 502 (shown in FIGS. 5 and 6), glue or other suitable adhesive material. When the data storage card 200 is mounted and properly seated within the muscle stimulator 100, the outside edge of the data storage card 200 serves as a continuation of the normal edge of the muscle stimulator 100.
The bottom portion 212 of the data card 200 has integrally molded elongated slots 600 and 602 which slidably engage with the respective guide rails 204 and 202. Adjacent to the front end of the data storage card 200, a respective stop 300, 302, is provided on each side to ensure a positive stop when the data storage card 200 is properly seated in the muscle stimulator 100.
It should be understood that the elongated slots 600 and 602 are formed as a part of the data card 200 in such a manner that alignment of the data card 200 in the muscle stimulator 100 is ensured because the slots 600 and 602 only allow the data storage card 200 to be inserted into the muscle stimulator 100 with the correct orientation. That is, the elongated or tracking slots 600 and 602 are formed in such a manner that the data storage card 200 cannot be inserted upside down into the muscle stimulator 100.
As shown in the figures, the printed circuit board (not shown) is fully enclosed within the plastic data storage card 200 and covered such that, after the top and bottom portions 212 and 214 of the data storage card shell are secured to each other, all of the internal components contained on the printed circuit board are protected from the outside elements. In addition, the external header connector 400 is designed such that it contains cone shaped guides [where are these shown?] molded into its plastic shape such that it assists in the alignment of the internal header connector 206 mounted in the muscle stimulator 100.
The structure of the storage card 200 is such that it is designed to be used with and removed by the patient from the muscle stimulator 100, or any other similar type of Class II device which a patient uses in an unsupervised manner, mailed to a service bureau for downloading the stored usage information, and replaced with a new data storage card. Typically, a data storage card such as the data storage card 200 disclosed herein, is designed to hold 30-60 days of patient usage information.
The types of information that may be stored in the data card include, for example, the day, month, year and time of day (am or pm) as well as the serial number of and the usage of the muscle stimulator. Such data is stored at the beginning of each data element. Other information stored is whether treatment is present, the length of time in minutes that the muscle stimulator was used, that is, that treatment was provided, the average intensity of the treatment used, the peak intensity of the treatment used, the number of times the treatment was applied within the relevant time period, the initial program mode data, any program changes made by the user and a reserve storage location. In that manner, the maximum number of bytes of data storage for one day could preferably be 26 bytes. During treatment use by the patient, data is accumulated for the treatment period. When the muscle stimulator 100 is turned off, the current treatment data is combined with the present treatment data and stored in an internal temporary storage area 1202.
When the muscle stimulator 100 is next turned on, the clock 1206 which provides the date and time is examined to determine if any 12 hour treatment boundaries have been crossed. If they have, then the temporarily stored data becomes the permanent data for the first 12 hour period beyond the last stored 12 hour period and that data is added to the internal data storage 1202. Next, a determination is made of how many more 12 hour periods have been crossed, and those are stored in the internal data storage 1202 with zero data. Finally, the internally stored data is written to the storage device 1204 contained in the data storage card 200. If no data storage card 200 is present, then no data is written to the card. The data written to the data storage card 200 is written as a block of data using the data stored in the internal storage area 1202. The data is written beginning with the latest stored 12 hour period. That period is used to set the date and the other one time data described above. Then, all available remaining data is written to the data card. However, if there is more data in the internal data storage area 1202 than can be stored on the data card 200, then only the latest data which will fill up the storage element 1204 on the data storage card 200 will be written to that storage element 1204. Thus, for example, if a data storage card 200 has been removed from the muscle stimulator 100 or similar type device, the next time a data storage card 200 is inserted, the new data storage card will be filled immediately with all of the data stored in the internal data storage area 1202, including any "missing" data periods, as long as those "missing" periods are within the data capacity of the data storage card 200.
Turning now to
As previously described, the powered muscle stimulator 100 of the present invention provides four isolated channels 1-4 capable of independently treated four separate muscle groups. Each of the four channels has an independent drive system 1218-1224, which includes independent output power stages and transformers, in order to ensure channel separation. A buzzer 1214 is provided such that audible reinforcement of keystroke actions using the keypad 104-110 is provided to the user.
In operation, the patient first powers up the muscle stimulator 100 using the on/off switch 102. If the patient does not desire to change the settings entered into the internal memory 1202 of the muscle stimulator 100, then the muscle stimulator 100 will be powered up in the previously set mode of operation. The default setting is the normal mode. In that normal mode, all four channels of the muscle stimulator act synchronously, providing the stimulation pulse trains at the same time, although the intensities of each channel are independently controlled. This mode of operation allows the patient to independently treat up to four separate muscle groups simultaneously. If the patient desires, an additional level of control for special situations has been provided, which is termed the alternate mode of operation. In the alternate mode of operation, channels 1 and 2 are operated asynchronously with channels 3 and 4. Thus, when channels 1 and 2 are stimulating the muscles, channels 3 and 4 are off, and when channels 1 and 2 are off, channels 3 and 4 are stimulating the muscles. The set on and off times are the same for all four channels in the normal mode.
During normal operation, the top line of the LCD display 114, which can display up to two lines of 16 characters per line, displays the current settings for the muscle stimulator 100. The bottom line displays the intensity levels selected by the user for each of the four channels. In order to provide visual acknowledgment of the operation of the muscle stimulator, whenever outputs are being sent to a channel, the intensity level has an asterisk (*) displayed beside the intensity level to indicate that the output is being sent to that channel.
If the user wishes to increase the intensity on a certain channel, one of the four rocker type of switches 104-110, which may preferably be designed as an elastomeric keypad, is pushed by the user. One end of each of the switches 104-110 serves to increase the intensity, while the other end of each of the switches serves to decrease the intensity on that channel. When the user is finished a treatment session, the on/off switch 102 is again depressed, turning off the muscle stimulator device 100 at the end of the desired usage.
The four switches 104-110 are also used to change the settings of the muscle stimulator. In order to change the settings, the on/off switch 102 is depressed for five seconds during the start-up sequence, which automatically places the muscle stimulator into the set-up mode. In the set-up mode, each of the rocker switches 104-110 can be used to change one of the four operating parameters (contract time, relax time, treatment time and normal/alternating mode) of the muscle stimulator 100. Once the patient has set the operating parameters of the muscle stimulator as prescribed or desired, the patient then again depresses the on/off switch 102 to store the new parameters. The values set by the patient, based on the prescription and/or physician's instructions, are internally stored in the internal storage 1202 for reuse during future treatments.
As previously described, an external data storage card 200 is used to provide a usage monitoring capability, in conjunction with the internal data storage 1202. The purpose of that monitoring capability is to provide the physician and health care providers, as well as the provider of the muscle stimulator 100, with information documenting the usage of the muscle stimulator 100 by the patient. The cumulative usage of the muscle stimulator 100 by the patient in minutes as well as the average stimulus setting in a 12 hour period (twice per day) is stored and recorded for each channel, initially in the internal data storage 1202. While the internal memory 1202 is preferably capable of storing six months of data, the usage information stored in the memory device 1204 contained in the data storage card 200 is capable of storing only two months of data. The memory device 1204 which forms part of the data storage card 200 is strictly a "write only" device, and allows only the reception and storage of data. No treatment data stored in either the internal data storage 1202 or in the memory 1204 contained on the data storage card 200 can be used for any control functions of the muscle stimulator 100. The muscle stimulator 100 functions normally, whether or not the data storage card 200 is mounted in the muscle stimulator 100. Once the patient is finished with treatment, the muscle stimulator 100 is returned to its manufacturer or other provider and the internal data stored in the internal data storage area 1202 can then be retrieved.
The muscle stimulator 100 of the present invention generates an alternating biphasic asymmetric balanced pulse pattern with a cycle frequency of preferably 71 Hz. The primary pulse has a maximum width of 415 microseconds, followed by the transformer coupled exponential decay back to zero base line. The biphasic pulses alternate direction, resulting in a pulse repetition rate of 142 pulses per second. As previously described, the stimulus intensity is regulated by the patient by pressing the rocker switches 104-110. The voltage level is kept constant. The resulting increase or decrease in stimulus intensity is a result of the increasing or decreasing charge per pulse, which is approximately equal to the pulse width times the pulse height.
The muscle stimulator 100 of the present invention uses a ramp on/off type of stimulation, which increases the pulse width to the desired setting. The pulse generation system of the muscle stimulator 100 preferably consists of an electronic switch such as a logic level Field Effect Transistor, which is controlled by the microcontroller 1200. When a pulse is to be generated, the microcontroller 1200 turns the FET "switch" on. That generates the start of the pulse. When the microcontroller 1200 determines that the pulse is to end, it then turns the FET "switch" off. The FET "switch" applies power from the battery system 1208 directly across the output transformer primary windings which causes the pulse to be generated at the output side of the transformer. Each of the drive circuits 1218-1224 includes such an FET "switch", as well as an output transformer, in a known manner.
As already described, the muscle stimulator 100 of the present invention generates a series of pulse trains which generate output pulses for the time period designated by the contract period selected by the user, and then no pulses for the time period designated by the relax period selected by the user. As shown in
The load detect circuit 1226 shown in
A watchdog system 1216 is also provided with which to monitor the microcontroller 1200 to ensure that the microcontroller 1200 is operating and issuing instructions. The watchdog system 1216 operates using a "counter". If the "counter" reaches a certain predetermined value, then it operates to shut down the microcontroller 1200 and thus the muscle stimulator 100. During normal operation, the microcontroller 1200 prevents such a shut down from occurring by always resetting the "counter" of the watchdog system 1216 back to zero well before the maximum counter value is reached. In that manner, if the microcontroller 1200 becomes non-operational for any reason, the counter of the watchdog system 1216 would reach the maximum predetermined value and thus shut down the muscle stimulator 100.
As previously described, the primary module which operates the output channel circuits is the pulse generator module, which forms part of the drive circuits 1218-1224. That module is started by the Foreground Executed Module at the startup state 1300, when the on key 102 is depressed. The background pulse generator module is operated in an independent interrupt driven fashion and functions using data supplied by the Foreground Executive Module, which data has been inputted during the parameter modify or programming stage 1302. As previously described, if the on key 102 is released in less than 5 seconds after it is depressed, the muscle stimulator 100 enters the running state 1304, during which the treatment of the patient is provided.
The microcontroller 1200 constantly monitors the operation of the circuitry of the muscle stimulator 100 of the present invention. For example, the firmware monitors the operational frequencies of the background pulse generators which form part of the drives 1218-1224 against an independent frequency to ensure that each of those operational frequencies do not become corrupted. Such monitoring occurs in the running state 1304 and is accomplished through the use of the clock monitoring subsystem of the microcontroller 1200. The clock monitor subsystem of the microcontroller 1200 monitors the frequency of the clock oscillator integrated circuit which determines the actual "speed" or frequency of the operation of the microcontroller 1200 and all the timing actions which it controls. In the event that any of the frequencies become corrupted, the operational state of the firmware shifts to the suspend and error handling state 1310, which displays an error message for the user and then causes the firmware to enter the ending state 1306 which sets up the muscle stimulator for shut-down. The errors are handled in the suspend and error handling state 1310, they are then displayed as a warning on the LCD display 114 in the error warning state 1312 and the muscle stimulator 100 then enters the stop stage 1314, which serves to turn off the muscle stimulator circuitry.
In addition, the firmware also monitors the load on each channel, using the load detect circuit 1226. Again, that monitoring occurs during the running state 1304. In the event that no load is detected, indicating either an open or shorted condition, the firmware again passes to the suspended error handling state 1310, and then passes through the ending state 1306, the error warning state 1312 and enters the stopped state 1314, as previously described. In a similar fashion, the battery system 1208 is monitored by the battery monitor 1212 during the running state 1304 and, in the event it is determined that there will shortly be insufficient power to properly operate the microcontroller 1200, the muscle stimulator 100 is shut down, in a manner similar to that described above in connection with a corrupted background pulse generator frequency or a no load detection condition.
The firmware also accumulates and stores treatment data for each channel, both in the internal memory 1202 and in the memory 1204 of the external data storage card 200. When the patient completes the treatment session, the firmware writes that data to the internal storage 1202 prior to the shut down of the microcontroller 1200. The treatment data is stored on the data storage card 200 by 12 hour time increments. For each 12 hour period, the cumulative patient usage of the muscle stimulator in minutes is recorded, as well as the average stimulus setting. The patient usage data is transferred from the internal data storage 1202 to the storage device 1204 contained on the data storage card during the start-up sequence of the muscle stimulator 100.
The settings for the contract or on time, the relax or off time, the treatment mode (whether normal or alternate) and the length of the treatment are also stored for the user in the microcontroller 1200 memory within the muscle stimulator 100. Those four items are also displayed for the user on the LCD screen 114. Those program mode parameters can be reset at any time by entering the program set-up mode during a start-up sequence of the muscle stimulator 100, in the manner previously discussed. Once the program set-up mode has been entered, the LCD screen 114 displays the program change screen which allows the user, by manipulating the rocker switches 104-110, to change the corresponding program mode parameter displayed on the screen. For example, using the channel 1 switch 104 changes the contract time, using the channel 2 switch 106 changes the relax time, using the channel 3 switch 108 toggles between the normal and alternate modes and using the channel 4 switch 110 increases or decreases the treatment time.
The battery system 1208 is charged during a quick recharge cycle by the battery charger 1210. During the charging cycle, the muscle stimulator is in the charging state 1318, and cannot operate. The battery monitor 1212 as well as the microcontroller 1200 determine the amount of charge needed by the battery system 1208. If the battery system 1208 is sufficiently low, then the battery system will be charged until the battery voltage begins to show a decline, then the charging circuit reverts to a "trickle" charge mode in order to allow maintenance of a fully charged battery at all times.
Additional safety features of the muscle stimulator 100 of the present invention includes a large diameter pin 128 at the end of each of the pad cables 126, such that the pad cable 126 cannot be accidentally plugged into a 110 volt household electrical outlet and cause electrical shock and damage to the pads and cable, a battery charger cable with a pin that plugs only into the battery charger jack 124 thus preventing the battery charger cable from being accidentally plugged into a channel jack, which could damage the muscle stimulator 100 and a plug connection detector (load detect circuit 1226) which is designed to detect if a connection between the pads, cables 126 and the muscle stimulator 100 is faulty. If, after start-up, a faulty connection is detected, the muscle stimulator 100 will not start. If, during operation, a connection becomes loose, the circuitry of the muscle stimulator 100 will be automatically shut-off. The plug connection monitor thus assures the user that all channel connections are good.
The firmware used with the muscle stimulator 100 of the present invention also includes, as a safety feature, a start treatment channel setting. That feature is designed to prevent, at the start of a treatment, a channel output to be set above zero. That assures that the user will not receive an abrupt muscle contraction when starting a treatment. Thus, when starting a treatment, the muscle stimulator 100 begins operation with all channel intensity settings at zero. If a pad is removed from the skin during treatment, the muscle stimulator 100 automatically resets the channel to zero. If a pad cable is unplugged from the muscle stimulator 100 during treatment, the intensity of that channel is reset to zero.
In addition to the start treatment channel setting safety feature, the muscle stimulator 100 of the present invention also includes a channel increase/decrease limit feature, which is designed so that the channel output level can only be changed one digit at a time. Thus, pressing the respective channel rocker switch 104-110 will change the output controlled by that switch by only one digit. That assures that the user will not receive a rapid increase or decrease in muscle contraction during treatment if the rocker switch were continually depressed.
The muscle stimulator 100 of the present invention also includes in firmware a monitor which is designed to constantly monitor the frequency and width of the waveform being applied to each of the pad cables, which is the pattern of output which creates a muscle contraction. If the waveform changes from the pattern it is designed to generate, the muscle stimulator is automatically shut-off. That assures that the user will receive the effective and comfortable contraction designed to be provided by the muscle stimulator 100. As a final safety feature, the muscle stimulator 100 of the present invention is designed to constantly monitor the liquid crystal display 114. If it is determined that the display is not operating properly, then the muscle stimulator 100 is automatically shut-off. In that manner, the patient receives a constant and accurate display of information concerning the operation of the muscle stimulator 100. When the muscle stimulator 100 is first turned on using the switch 102, the LCD 114 displays the default settings for each of the contract time, relax time, mode and treatment time. If those are the prescription settings for the particular patient using that muscle stimulator 100, then there is no need to change the settings. Otherwise, the settings are changed as described previously.
As will be obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art, the data card 200 and its electrical and mechanical structure are such that it can readily be adopted for use in many types of devices, including, for example, any Class II type of device which is designed for unsupervised patient use. Likewise, such a data card could be used in various other types of devices, whether for a supervised patient use or otherwise.
Although only a preferred embodiment is specifically illustrated and described herein, it will be appreciated that many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings and within the purview of the appended claims without departing from the spirit and intended scope of the invention.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jun 15, 1984
|Nov 18, 1986
|Empi, Inc.
|Programmable functional electrical stimulation system
|Oct 19, 1987
|Jan 23, 1990
|Marquette Electronics
|Transportable data module and display unit for patient monitoring system
|Jul 20, 1990
|Feb 11, 1992
|Mueller & Sebastiani Elektronik Gmbh
|Method and system for evaluating data picked-up by means of long term ecg devices
|May 24, 1991
|Feb 15, 1994
|Stiwell S. A.
|Electrical neuromuscular stimulation device
|May 15, 1995
|Aug 27, 1996
|Med Serve Group, Inc.
|Combination neuromuscular stimulator and electromyograph system
|Brochure Entitled: "Introducing a more effective way of prescribing therapy"; Copyirght (C) RS Medical Inc.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jul 26, 2006
|Oct 5, 2010
|Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc
|Hat-based oximeter sensor
|Jul 26, 2006
|Oct 12, 2010
|Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc
|Hat-based oximeter sensor
|Jul 26, 2006
|Jan 25, 2011
|Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc
|Hat-based oximeter sensor
|Jul 26, 2006
|Jan 25, 2011
|Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc
|Hat-based oximeter sensor
|Feb 21, 2006
|Jul 12, 2011
|Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc
|Hat-based oximeter sensor
|Sep 25, 2008
|Sep 4, 2012
|Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc
|Medical sensor and technique for using the same
|Mar 11, 2010
|Aug 20, 2013
|Covidien Lp
|Medical sensor with compressible light barrier and technique for using the same
|Mar 11, 2010
|Jul 15, 2014
|Covidien Lp
|Medical sensor with flexible components and technique for using the same
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Nov 17, 2006
|Surcharge for late payment
Year of fee payment: 7
|Nov 17, 2006
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|May 17, 2010
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


text:
Estimation of own and cross price elasticities of alcohol demand in the UK—A pseudo-panel approach using the Living Costs and Food Survey 2001–2009
The estimation of price elasticities of alcohol demand is valuable for the appraisal of price-based policy interventions such as minimum unit pricing and taxation. This study applies a pseudo-panel approach to the cross-sectional Living Cost and Food Survey 2001/2–2009 to estimate the own- and cross-price elasticities of off- and on-trade beer, cider, wine, spirits and ready-to-drinks in the UK. A pseudo-panel with 72 subgroups defined by birth year, gender and socioeconomic status is constructed. Estimated own-price elasticities from the base case fixed effect models are all negative and mostly statically significant (p<0.05). Off-trade cider and beer are most elastic (−1.27 and −0.98) and off-trade spirits and on-trade ready-to-drinks are least elastic (−0.08 and −0.19). Estimated cross-price elasticities are smaller in magnitude with a mix of positive and negative signs. The results appear plausible and robust and could be used for appraising the estimated impact of price-based interventions in the UK.
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Volume (Year): 34 (2014)
Issue (Month): C ()
Pages: 96-103
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| Web page: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/inca/505560
References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
- Verbeek, Marno & Vella, Francis, 2005.
"Estimating dynamic models from repeated cross-sections,"
Journal of Econometrics,
Elsevier, vol. 127(1), pages 83-102, July.
- Verbeek, M.J.C.M. & Vella, F., 2000. "Estimating Dynamic Models from Repeated Cross-Sections," Discussion Paper 2000-25, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research.
- Verbeek, M.J.C.M. & Vella, F., 2002. "Estimating dynamic models from repeated cross-sections," Econometric Institute Research Papers EI 2002-05, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Erasmus School of Economics (ESE), Econometric Institute.
- Tomson Ogwang & Danny Cho, 2009. "Economic determinants of the consumption of alcoholic beverages in Canada: a panel data analysis," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 37(3), pages 599-613, December.
- Moffitt, Robert, 1993. "Identification and estimation of dynamic models with a time series of repeated cross-sections," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 59(1-2), pages 99-123, September.
- Deaton, Angus, 1985. "Panel data from time series of cross-sections," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 30(1-2), pages 109-126.
- Gallet, Craig A., 2007. "The demand for alcohol: a meta-analysis of elasticities," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 51(2), June.
- Craig A. Gallet, 2007. "The demand for alcohol: a meta-analysis of elasticities," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 51(2), pages 121-135, 06.
- James Fogarty, 2010. "The Demand For Beer, Wine And Spirits: A Survey Of The Literature," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 24(3), pages 428-478, 07.
- Ruhm, Christopher J. & Jones, Alison Snow & McGeary, Kerry Anne & Kerr, William C. & Terza, Joseph V. & Greenfield, Thomas K. & Pandian, Ravi S., 2012. "What U.S. data should be used to measure the price elasticity of demand for alcohol?," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 31(6), pages 851-862.
- Christopher J. Ruhm & Alison Snow Jones & William C. Kerr & Thomas K. Greenfield & Joseph V. Terza & Ravi S. Pandian & Kerry Anne McGeary, 2011. "What U.S. Data Should be Used to Measure the Price Elasticity of Demand for Alcohol?," NBER Working Papers 17578, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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Happy National Punctuation Day! One of my guest writers, Charles Carson from the journal American Speech, sent me a funny message asking if I thought National Punctuation Day is becoming too commercial. I laughed and posted the message to Twitter and received these amusing responses. You people crack me up! Add your own sentiment in [...]
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AboutI'm Mignon Fogarty. You probably know me as Grammar Girl, but I also founded and help run a podcasting network and find that I have things to say about business, marketing, podcasting, writing, language, and life. I'll say them here. mignon [at] behindthegrammar [dot] com.
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text:
90 Degrees FOV IPD Focal Lens Adjustment for 4~6 inch Mobile Phone
Free shipping To
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|Form Color
|White + Black
|ABS, Glass
|1 piece
|Powered By
|Power Free
|Battery Life
|N/A hour
|Other Features
|Other Features
|VR PRAK 5.0 virtual reality 3D glasses Suitable for 4 - 6 inch smartphone 90 degrees FOV Simulative screen is 3 times larger than the mobile phone screen 42mm PMMA lens Support under 400 degrees myopia Support 63 - 77mm IPD adjustment and 45 - 70mm object distance adjustment
|Dimensions & Weight
|6.69 in x 3.35 in x 3.35 in (17 cm x 8.5 cm x 8.5 cm)
|7.16 oz (203 g)
|Packing List
1 * 3D Glasses
1 * English User Manual
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Alumni Chapter of the Year
Alumni Chapter of the Year
Truman's ten alumni chapters vie for this annual award which recognizes a chapter's success in building alumni engagement. Chapters can gain an edge by hosting regional events, recruiting new members, organizing volunteer or philanthropic opportunities in the chapter region, demonstrating support for current Truman students, and using communications to keep members connected to the chapter and the University.
2016 Alumni Chapter of the Year
NEMO Alumni Chapter
The NEMO Alumni Chapter was selected by the Executive Committee of the Truman State University Alumni Board of Directors to receive the 2016 Alumni Chapter of the Year Award. The award recognizes the outstanding achievements of the chapter in support of the Truman Alumni Association and the University.
The chapter was recognized for their success in recruiting engaged volunteers who have planned strategies to increase membership and program participation.
Runner-ups to the 2016 Alumni Chapter of the Year were the Iowa Alumni Chapter and the Mid-Missouri Alumni Chapter.
Previous Alumni Chapter of the Year Recipients
- 2016: NEMO Alumni Chapter
- 2015: NEMO Alumni Chapter
- 2014: Iowa Alumni Chapter
- 2013: Arizona Alumni Chapter & Mid-Missouri Alumni Chapter
- 2012: NEMO Alumni Chapter
- 2011: Mid-Missouri Alumni Chapter
- 2010: Iowa Alumni Chapter


text:
Instagram Surpasses Twitter In User Growth
- Instagram has now hit the 400 million users mark and in the process surpassed Twitter as the second most popular social media network.
- A huge user base will help Instagram compete better with YouTube as a top video ad platform.
- Instagram is set to soon become one of Facebook's largest growth drivers.
Instagram has now officially surpassed Twitter (NYSE:TWTR) as the second largest social media network after Facebook (NASDAQ:FB) measured in number of users. When Facebook bought out the photo-sharing site in 2012, Instagram users were pegged at just 40 million. Three years down the line, Instagram has managed to rack up ten times as many users--more than 400 million at the last count up from 300 million just nine months ago. Instagram says in a blog post that the explosive growth has mainly been coming from Europe and Asia, and cements the notion that it remains by far the most popular photo-sharing website out there.
Instagram remains the #1 social site for teens, with 32% of teens using the site according to Piper Jaffray. In sharp contrast, only 14% of teens now use Facebook down from 33% just two years ago. Instagram therefore plays a very key role for FB, by helping the company to net a younger demographic that it would otherwise have a hard time reaching. This is important for marketers who would like to build brand affinity with younger users through Instagram videos.
There are a couple of reasons why Instagram is so popular. The platform is free and easy to use with no need for a complicated help page to get it up and running. Instagram's photo-editing bell and whistles are completely free to use. And, Facebook's decision to keep Instagram free of all that ad clutter that is common in other photo-sharing sites seems remarkably prescient. Instagram boasts a clean interface that loads quickly and allows users to focus more on viewing their friends' photos instead of viewing unsolicited banner ads shoved in their faces.
But where does Instagram fit in Facebook's scheme of things?
Huge revenue potential
Although Facebook does not use Instagram to display ads directly, it displays Instagram videos on Facebook as paid ads. This allows the company to make money indirectly from the site without diluting its unique user experience. This modus operandi is apparently very successful--eMarketer projects that Instagram will contribute 14% of Facebook's mobile ad revenue in 2017, up from 5% currently by growing its revenue from $595 million currently to $2.81 billion. eMarketer's estimate might prove to be a bit conservative since it's based on the assumption that most of Instagram growth will come from the U.S. whereas Instagram says in its blog post that most of its new users have been coming from Europe and Asia. More than 75% of Instagram users live outside the U.S.
Facebook has lately been introducing Instagram advertising to numerous international markets--30 new countries including Italy, Mexico, India, and Spain will now access Instagram ads. Instagram advertising was previously only available in seven countries.
Competing with YouTube
YouTube is perhaps the world's largest video platform, and garners billions of views every day. YouTube brought in revenue of $4 billion for Google (NASDAQ:GOOG) (NASDAQ:GOOGL) in 2014, but could only managed to break even after paying for content costs. YouTube's ability to make money is hampered by its limited ad targeting--the platform only uses DoubleClick data for ad- targeting. DoubleClick accounts for just 30% of Google's revenue, which essentially means that Google is left in the dark regarding the preferences of 70% of its audiences.
Google recently decided to start using data from its core site for ad targeting purposes on YouTube. This will make the platform more attractive for marketers and improve the CPM rates of YouTube ads. To compete on an even footing with YouTube, Instagram has to offer a comparable level of viewership as YouTube, and demonstrate to marketers that its videos can deliver an equal or better ROI. That's the biggest reason why a huge and rapidly expanding user base is a good thing for Instagram.
Facebook recently moved to improve the value proposition of Instagram ads. The company announced that it will start using data from Like and Share buttons to improve ad targeting on Instagram, as I discussed in this article. Facebook wants to make Instagram ads more relevant to audiences and in the process help the ads command better CPM rates from marketers. Marketers are naturally willing to pay more for ads that deliver a better ROI.
Bottom Line
Instagram's rapidly expanding user base is great news for Facebook.A large user base will help Instagram to become an attractive ad platform for marketers and help it to compete with popular platforms such as YouTube.


text: Object: graphical editor Guides Edit Guide to graphical editing software Howtos Edit See also Edit editor Photography image PNG Simple Direct Media Layer Related WikisEdit Wikia: Computer Graphics Wiki Retrieved from "http://how-to.wikia.com/wiki/Graphical_editor?oldid=24389" Ad blocker interference detected! Wikia is a free-to-use site that makes money from advertising. We have a modified experience for viewers using ad blockers Wikia is not accessible if you've made further modifications. Remove the custom ad blocker rule(s) and the page will load as expected. Categories: Add category Cancel Save


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Saithan 2016 Tamil Full HD Movie Download DvdRip Free 720p
Saithan (English: Satan) is an upcoming 2016 Indian psychological thriller film directed by Pradeep Krishnamoorthy. The film features Vijay Antony and Arundhathi Nair in the lead roles and began production during January 2016.
|Directed by
|Pradeep Krishnamoorthy
|Produced by
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|Written by
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Arundhati Nair
|Music by
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|Edited by
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|Auraa Cinemas
Release dates
Movie Synopsis:
Actress Arundhati Nair of Pongi Ezhu Manohara fame has now signed her next movie opposite music director-turned-actor Vijay Antony. Titled Saitaan, this movie is said to be a suspense thriller which is being extensively shot in and around Chennai.
Vijay Antony stated that he had to change his body-language as he will be essaying the role of an IT professional in Saitaan. Apparently, there will be quite a lot of computer graphics scenes involved in this movie.
We had also reported earlier that actress Alisha Abdullah, who acted in Irumbu Kuthirai, will be seen in a negative role in this film. Saitaan is directed by newcomer Pradeep and the rest of the cast and crew will be announced in the coming weeks. Saithan 2016 Tamil Full HD Movie Download DvdRip Free 720p


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1000 Cubes for SXSW
That's a box, 2 inches shy of a foot on every side 10″x10″x10″, all the more I'm going to fly to Austin with. If it doesn't fit in the bag, it's not coming. I'll be around for 77 hours (we're losing an hour to daylight saving time, remember to set those clocks back forward kids) In midnight Saturday morning, out early Tuesday. Sort of a snack-size SXSW. Leaving the laptop and SLR at home, packing one T-shirt (I hear they're going to be growing on trees), one pair of shoes, underwear for each day and a jacket. I can avoid doing laundry before leaving if I buy new socks before heading out. Twitter updates @Penguin and I'll edit this post when I figure out where the iPhone images are going to end up from the weekend.
Tags: SXSW


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BRL 37344, sodium salt
Cat. No. 0948
Price and AvailabilityBy clicking submit you agree to accept a cookie from Tocris Bioscience. For details, please read our privacy and cookie policy.
Chemical Name: (R*,R*)-(±)-4-[2-[(2-(3-Chlorophenyl
Biological ActivityPotent and selective β3 adrenoceptor agonist (Ki values are 287, 1750 and 1120 nM for β3, β1 and β2 receptors respectively). Also available as part of the β-Adrenoceptor Agonist Tocriset™.
Licensing InformationSold with the permission of GlaxoSmithKline
Technical DataM.Wt:
The technical data provided above is for guidance only. For batch specific data refer to the Certificate of Analysis.
All Tocris products are intended for laboratory research use only.
Certificate of Analysis / Product Datasheet / Safety Datasheet
References are publications that support the products' biological activity.
Board et al (2000) BRL37344, but not CGP12177, stimulates fuel oxidation by soleus muscle in vitro. Eur.J.Pharmacol. 406 33. PMID: 11011029.
Ayo Oriowo et al (1996) The selectivity in vitro of the sterioisomers of the beta-3 adrenoreceptor agonist BRL 37344. J.Pharmacol.Exp.Ther. 277 22. PMID: 8613923.
Strosberg and Pietri-Rouxel (1996) Function and regulation of the β3-adrenoceptor. TiPS 17 373. PMID: 8979772.
Arch et al (1984) Atypical β-adrenoceptor on brown adipocytes as target for anti-obesity drugs. Nature 309 163. PMID: 6325935.
If you know of a relevant reference for BRL 37344, sodium salt please let us know.
Citations are publications that use Tocris products. Selected citations for BRL 37344, sodium salt include:
Littmann et al (2015) Recruitment of β-arrestin 1 and 2 to the β2-adrenoceptor: analysis of 65 ligands. Dev Neurosci 355 183. PMID: 26306764.
Suárez et al (2014) Oleoylethanolamide enhances β-adrenergic-mediated thermogenesis and white-to-brown adipocyte phenotype in epididymal white adipose tissue in rat. Dis Model Mech 7 129. PMID: 24159189.
Lavine et al (2013) Attenuation of choroidal neovascularization by β(2)-adrenoreceptor antagonism. JAMA Ophthalmol 131 376. PMID: 23303344.
Rankovic et al (2011) Modulation of calcium-dependent inactivation of L-type Ca2+ channels via β-adrenergic signaling in thalamocortical relay neurons. PLoS One 6 e27474. PMID: 22164209.
Maupoil et al (2007) Ectopic activity in the rat pulmonary vein can arise from simultaneous activation of alpha1- and beta1-adrenoceptors. Br J Pharmacol 150 899. PMID: 17325650.
Cirino et al (2003) Involvement of β 3-adrenergic receptor activation via cyclic GMP- but not NO-dependent mechanisms in human corpus cavernosum function. J Biol Chem 100 5531. PMID: 12707413.
Steinle et al (2003) β 3-adrenergic receptors regulate retinal endothelial cell migration and proliferation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 278 20681. PMID: 12670949.
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What we see depends mainly on what we look for.—John Lubbock
What we see depends mainly on what we look for.—John Lubbock
The trauma room rarely pages me in the middle of the night. I flicked on the light and dialed. "What's up?"
"The Robinson family (not their real name) is here and they asked us to give you a call. Mr Robinson started bleeding through his tracheotomy tube just before bedtime tonight. The paramedics said he bled off-and-on at the house but then the bleeding stopped. We were getting ready to send him home when he suddenly started coughing out blood again. Do you think you could come in?"
Campbell BH. The Code. JAMA. 2009;301(14):1415-1416. doi:10.1001/jama.2009.459
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|Frank Walters - Todd is a caring professional who reaches out to help ot...
About Mr. Todd M. McCandless
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SS Maine
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
|This article does not cite any sources. (November 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
|Sunk 1917
|General characteristics
|3600 tons
|Installed power:
|Triple expansion steam engine
SS Maine was a British steamship launched in 1905 as a 3600-ton cargo steamer with a triple-expansion engine. She was torpedoed and sunk on 21 November 1917 by UC-17, about 10 miles (16 km) off Dartmouth. She sank "gracefully, upright and on an even keel"[citation needed] and sits on shingle 36 metres (118 ft) at 50°12.750′N 3°50.955′W / 50.212500°N 3.849250°WCoordinates: 50°12.750′N 3°50.955′W / 50.212500°N 3.849250°W.
The Torbay British Sub-Aqua Club bought the wreck for £100 in 1962 and salvaged the bronze propeller, selling it for £800.
See also[edit]
|This diving-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
|This article about a specific civilian ship or boat is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.


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Eminem Opens Up About Prescription Drug Abuse
Famous rapper Eminem has long been known for his irreverent lyrics and frank talk about his personal life. Up until recently, however, the recording artist had remained fairly quiet regarding his struggles with addiction. Recently, Eminem, who is enjoying creative and financial success with a new chart topping album, opened up about his struggle with painkillers and admitted that his problem was incredibly severe.
Eminem Opens Up About Being in Denial
In a recently produced documentary, "How to Make Money Selling Drugs," Eminem recalls several instances wherein friends and loved ones attempted to talk to him about his addiction to prescription drugs. He explained that he often rebuked attempts at an intervention because he believed he was not an addict because he wasn't "shooting heroin...or smoking crack."
Pill Addiction Became Life Threatening
What Eminem was doing was abusing drugs like Xanax and Valium. The rapper was hospitalized after his internal organs, including his liver and kidneys began to shut down because of the excessive amount of drugs we was consuming. The situation became so dire that Eminem, in retrospect, believes that his "rock bottom was going to be death."
After his hospitalization, Eminem was able to maintain his sobriety for some time, but did eventually relapse. The rapper recalls that while he was struggling with attempts to get clean, he did not believe that anyone could be truly happy.
He did also note that ultimately, the responsibility he felt toward his children and his obligation to give them a good upbringing was what helped him stay the course and do the work he needed to do to get sober. After remaining clean and sober for sometime, the message Eminem wants to convey to other recovering addicts is that it does get better.
Eminem Now
The struggles Eminem faced in his personal life as he worked to get sober are paying off as the rapper has emerged from recovery a stronger, healthier, more creative man. He currently has ten songs on R&B and Hip Hop charts. His album The Marshall Mathers LP 2 has songs at number one and two spots on the charts, and the album itself had the second biggest opening week for any album in 2013 so far. This is Eminem's seventh number one album.
Hope After Recovery
Struggling with chemical dependency can make any addict feel lost and hopeless. Instances of relapse can only make reaching sobriety seem even more difficult and out of reach. Most addicts face issues of depression and anxiety, which only help fuel a person's tendency toward addiction. The reality is though, that there is hope for any addict.
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Like any major struggle, overcoming addiction makes a person stronger. This means that they may move through treatment and discover that they are more creative, productive, and empathetic than they have ever been in their lives. As was the case for Eminem, achieving victory in treatment may very well mean achieving major strides in other areas of one's life.
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Select a Email ListHMR Program for Weight ManagementCommunity Health Talks & EventsPassavant 5/10K RacePassavant Area Hospital FoundationHospital NewsPassavant Auxiliary NewsletterTeam Rehab
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Kevin Eckhoff, Communications Coordinator and Race Director of the Passavant-Gatorade 5K/10K, center, presents a check for $3,000 to Jacksonville Saints Special Olympics team members, Crystal Jackson, left, and Jesse Mattern. The check represents proceeds from this year's 25th Annual Passavant-Gatorade 5K and 10K. Jackson and Mattern both participated in the May 27 event. Also present for the check presentation was Harry Schmidt, left, Passavant president and chief executive officer, and Richard Larkin, community living services director for Pathway Services Unlimited, Inc.
The Jacksonville Saints Special Olympics program provides competition in several different sports to over 100 Special Olympics athletes from Jacksonville and the surrounding area. Sports offered include: athletics, basketball, bowling, flag football, soccer, softball and volleyball.
The Passavant-Gatorade 5K/10K is the longest consecutive running event in Jacksonville.
To improve the health of the people and communities we serve.
To be a national leader for excellence in patient care.
Copyright © 2015. Passavant Area Hospital. All Rights Reserved


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A highlight at 20th Gathering of the Vibes, Aug. 1, 2015.
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Versions Speciales http://www.zero-inch.com/artist/Antena/album/Versions_Speciales-Camino_del_Sol/23962.
Subterranean Homesick Mixtape Vol.2 (Teaser) MP3
The Sto'nuts: Homesick MP3
First song by UpStream.
Roary episode 89 chanson Homesick MP3
Roary episode 89/29 Homesick Chanson VF: "Home sick song" Chanté par Stéphane Ronchesky DA & adaptation : Fanny Llado.
David Berkeley live performing "Homesick" MP3
"Subterranean Homesick Blues," performed by Ben Sidran MP3
Ben Sidran (p), Louka Patendaude (g),Nick Moran (b), Todd Hammes (d). Cardinal Bar, Madison WI Aug. 18, 2015.


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America's conversation place for mineral owners
I would like to know what is happening in Ellis Co. Oklahoma.
Views: 125
Hi Donna,
Ellis County, Oklahoma was seeing leases taken about 3-4 years ago. Things have slowed to the extent leases are coming open. Ellis is far enough west of the core of the STACK Play that it is speculative. Additionally, if oil and gas companies are dropping leases and allowing them to come open, then new production wells must not be making as expected. It appears this lower price for a barrel of oil has quieted the activity in far western Oklahoma; however, I am interested in receiving a legal description such that I might determine the market for your mineral interest/s.
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Separate names with a comma.
Discussion in '1,000,000 Post Contest' started by Flickta, Aug 20, 2004.
Changed it but still not perfect. Working to enhance it further... Thanks everyone for suggestions!
If you want to make it look really good go to this page and click on the layer "interlacing" - weaving layer content tutorial.
but I agree with iLikeMyiMac, get the apples to link up - just a minor adjustment.
Try it I will.
But the problem is, apple shapes have a part taken off and at small size intersected layers won't look good I am afraid... We'll see.
keep the width of the apple logo outlines the same, but increase the size of each logo a little, so you have a higher ratio of edge to hole in each of them.


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Bang & Olufsen's Beosound 6 MP3 player is definitely a "come and get me" nod toward the Nano market—albeit the few people in the Nano market who would be happy to spunk a schmazillion bucks on an MP3 player with poxy 4GB memory (are there any out there?) So what has ramped the price up to over four times the price of an equivalent Nano—surely it's not the leather case and A8 earphones that accompany it...
Based on the design of the Samsung YP-Z5 MP3, the Beosound 6 shares the Korean player's interface. Measuring 3.5 x 1.7 x 0.5 inches, it sports a 1.8-inch color LCD screen. Battery life is 24 hours, and it supports both MP3 and WMA formats.
So, all that for $812, eh? *Faints*. [Beoworld]


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Technically, I guess it's called graphic recording
I'm not saying it's the only way to take notes. I'm not even saying it's the best way to take notes. All I'm saying is that it's another way to take notes. And, one that could help you internalize concepts better by the simple act of associating imagery with cognition.
In this video, Rachel Smith explains to a room full of Tedx conference attendees about the value of graphic recording. But, more than that, she facilitates a quick activity that you can also do in, like, 30 seconds, that will prove to you that you have the ability to draw.
(8:30) What's the most common objection from folks who think they can't learn how to graphically record?
(9:30) Three Simple Steps:
- Pick a tool (9:40)
- Learn a few basic icons in your drawing vocabulary (10:40)
- Listen for and capture key points (12:00)
(13:28) "You don't want to take too long..."
(15:00) Give it a try... (activity). Draw a person.
Trace Your Way to a New Graphic Vocabulary
That last point reminds me of another easy way to learn your graphic vocabulary. A few weeks back I posted an article about the "Dummies Guide to Drawing Custom Sketch Graphics On the iPad." By using the same technique I showed there for drawing a simple ball (and a not so simple F-18 jet fighter), I've been steadily learning how to build my own graphic vocabulary. You can do it, too; give it a try.
Take the image above (click to enlarge-courtesy: Rachel Smith) and, using the same technique I showed in the "Dummies Guide" post, import the image into your iPad Sketchpad app, then use a (fun) little activity we all used to love in grade school: Tracing.
Maybe once you and I become proficient with our basic "vocabulary," we too can put more imagery in our notes.
Your turn
Give it a try. Then tell me. How long did it take you to draw a person?
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