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15% OFF Foot Products and 30% OFF Coffee Spice Soap
When you need soap, body wash or household cleaners, do you reach for products labeled "antibacterial?"
I understand why folks (especially those with children) are choosing products labeled "ANTIBACTERIAL," hoping to keep their family safe in the war against germs.
There are so many commercials and ads that extol the virtues of antibacterial soaps and cleaners. After all they "kill 99.9% of germs." Sounds terrific, right? Shouldn't we all want germ free hands and countertops?
"Consumers may think antibacterial washes are more effective at preventing the spread of germs, but we have no scientific evidence that they are any better than plain soap and water," said Janet Woodcock, M.D., director of the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER). "In fact, some data suggests that antibacterial ingredients may do more harm than good over the long-term."
In 2013 the FDA issued a proposed rule that required the manufacturers of antibacterial hand soaps and body washes to prove that their products were more effective than plain soap and were safe for long-term use. The proof never came.
So, on September 2, 2106, the FDA issued a final rule banning the use of 19 active ingredients, including triclosan and triclocarban, found in antibacterial hand and body washes.
If a product makes any antibacterial or antiseptic claims, chances are pretty good that it contains one of these 19 ingredients. (Source: fda.gov; graphic from: sott.net)
Companies have one year, until September 2017, to remove these ingredients from their products or remove the products from the market.
While the FDA's new ban seems to be good news, the ban only applies to hand and body washes – products that are "intended for use with water, and are rinsed off after use." (Source: fda.gov)
The problem is -- there are many other products, including cosmetics, shaving creams, toothpastes, deodorants, lip balm, body lotion, fragrances, household cleaners, sponges and even facial tissues and mattresses, that can still use antibacterial chemicals under the present ban. Antibacterials are also found in workout clothes and children's toys.
The ban also does not affect antibacterial soaps used in hospitals and food service settings or the hand sanitizers and wipes that have a pervasive presence in our daily lives.
Countless other products still contain triclosan, despite the ban on hand and body washes. The FDA claims that it needs more information before making a final ruling on these other products.
While the majority of bacteria that we encounter every day are not our enemies, millions of Americans continue to want antibacterial products. As long as consumers want them, the industry will figure out a way to provide them.
Many companies have already removed the banned ingredients and replaced them with one of three other chemicals called quaternary ammonia compounds; benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride or chloroxylenol.
While it is easy to find triclosan on an ingredient list, these ingredients go by so many different names they can easily hide and may be difficult to identify.
Health officials worry that these antibacterial agents, which have not been approved by the FDA, will have the same problems as triclosan and the other banned additives. Manufacturers have been given a year to gather evidence that supports the safety and effectiveness of these new antibacterial additions.
By the year 2000, triclosan was present in 75% of liquid soap and almost 30% of bar soaps in the United States.
However, a study done by the FDA showed that "antibacterial soaps have shown no evidence of preventing infections more effectively than hand washing with regular soap." (Source: fda.gov)
The word Germ is not a technical term, but we use it to reference microscopic organisms, like bacteria and viruses, that cause disease. The problem is that we
often think that all bacteria are disease causing germs, but nothing could be farther from the truth. (Right Picture From: nytimes.com "Tending the Body's Microbial Garden." Drawing by Hank Osuna)
Most of the bacteria that live in and on our bodies are not only helpful but are also necessary for our good health. Sadly, the belief that having bacteria on our skin is bad, feeds our obsession with antibacterial products.
We have all heard about about the importance of the natural microbiome in our gut that is necessary for good digestive and overall health. Well, the microbiome on our skin is equally as important.
Natural bacteria that live on our skin act as a first line of defense to help fight off bad bacteria. For this defense to work properly, the good bacteria needs to stay on our skin. Unfortunately, antibacterial agents do not discriminate between bad and good bacteria, they kill them all.
Researchers believe that one possible cause of the increase in inflammatory skin diseases, like eczema, is an imbalance of the normal skin bacteria. (Source: Immune System, Skin Microbiome "Complement" One Another, Finds Penn Medicine Study at uphs.edu)
While antibacterial agents do work on bacteria, they do nothing to protect against viruses which cause the majority of minor illnesses like colds and flu.
Furthermore, antibacterial soaps strip away the helpful bacteria that help keep the balance of our microbiome. As a result fungal and viral infections are able to flourish.
The natural bacteria present on your skin actually compete for space with bad bacteria, fungi and viruses to keep our microbiome healthy. (Picture from: boothbaywellness.org)
What the commercials do not tell you is that in order for an antibacterial soap to kill 99.9% of germs on your hands, the soap must remain in contact with bacteria for about two minutes. How many of us spend that much time washing our hands? The same is true for kitchen cleaners . . . the cleaner must sit for at least two minutes.
Scientists know that long-term exposure to chemical antibacterial agents causes bacterial resistance. Only a few years after the first antibiotic, penicillin, became widely used in the 1940s, penicillin-resistant infections were already seen.
"Superbugs," are stronger than the original bacteria. These resistant bacteria force the development of stronger and stronger antibacterial agents to fight illness. (Picture from: novartis.com)
As these antibacterial agents are washed down our drains, they contaminate our rivers, streams and groundwater. A 2004 study by the CDC found that, "about three-
quarters of adults and children older than six had detectable levels of triclosan" in their bloodstreams."
A study in Environmental Health Perspectives found triclosan in 74.6% of people's urine samples. And triclosan has been found in 97 percent of breast milk samples studied.
Eventually, what we put into our drain water makes its way back to us. Most modern treatment processes cannot fully filter out triclosan. In fact, the wastewater treatment process often breaks down triclosan into more dangerous forms.
The Great Lakes basin receives waste water from about 40 million surrounding residents. Triclosan has been detected in 90 percent of surface water samples and found in many fish in the Great Lakes. (Picture above from: saferchemicals.org)
According to Dr. Mary Ruebush, "For decades, we've been a culture obsessed with avoiding germs, convinced that getting dirty is dangerous."
"But some health professionals insist that exposure to a range of bacteria is not only safe, it's essential to human health and immunity."
"The immune system is like an athlete: To become strong and adept, it needs training and practice. Hyper-sanitized environments deny it that opportunity and keep it sedentary and out of shape." (Source: experiencelife.com "Dirt, Germs, and Other Friendly Filth")
For personal use: A study published in the Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy found that antibacterial soaps provide no benefit over washing your hands with plain soap and water.
So we recommend a good hand washing with soap and water.
Simply washing your hands with old-fashioned natural soap and water rids your skin of most fungi, bacteria and viruses. Soap does not kill germs, it surrounds them and carries them away.
The best way to keep your hands free and clear of germs is to take 10 to 20 seconds and rub your hands with soap under running warm water to create lots of lather. Then rinse with plenty of clean warm water.
Although cold water will work, warm water helps dissolve oily dirt making it easier to rinse it off of your skin.
Of course our Chagrin Valley Soaps, made with organic ingredients, are a great choice to naturally clean your hands and body.
If soap and water are not available using a commercial alcohol-based hand sanitizer for 20 seconds will offer protection between hand washings.
I make an assortment of my own versions of hand sanitizer. They are all a bit different, but basically they contain essential oils mixed with ethyl alcohol (like vodka), or organic aloe gel or witch hazel. Check out the Internet for recipes.
For household use my go-to cleaner is plain, ordinary, vinegar. I use full strength vinegar to clean counter tops and greasy stovetops etc. I use a 1:1 dilution of water and vinegar in a spray bottle as my all purpose cleaner around the house. (I sometimes add essential oils)
White vinegars, like Heinz, contain at least 5 percent acetic acid and are called 5 percent vinegars. The acidic properties create a low pH which is too strong for most germs to survive, making vinegar a great inexpensive household cleaner.
Vinegar is non-toxic, biodegradable, environmentally friendly, and does not give off dangerous fumes. While vinegar does have a distinct odor, the smell dissipates quickly.
I also like to make essential oil cleaners using oils known for their antibacterial properties, like tea tree, thyme, lavender, oregano or rosemary. There is a lot of information available on the Internet about making your own natural and effective household cleaners.
One added note, be sure that you are not using a crusty, old, bacteria laden sponge or dishcloth to clean your home!
I hope you enjoyed our blog. Please share your thoughts with us.
Do you have any recipes for homemade natural cleaners?
Do you have any recipes for homemade natural hand sanitizers?
Tags: antibacterial soap, natural soap better than antibacterial soap, organic soap
Categories: Educational
About ten years ago I was visiting with my mom (left photo). She was 88 at the time. All of a sudden she plucked a hair from my head and said, "You're too beautiful to let your hair go gray."
Although I had noticed a few gray strands, my hair had always been a mixture of blonde and brown strands and I thought the gray blended in rather well. As the months passed more and more gray sprouted up. So I went into "mad scientist" mode and created an herbal rinse to help enhance the blonde and darken the gray.
It worked rather well (meaning no comments from mom) for about a year until I finally realized that my bangs were not really blondish anymore—they were totally gray.
At that point I decided to just go gray—after all I was a grandmother now and besides--why question Mother Nature.
Unfortunately, as the gray strands grew so did the negative comments and I succumbed to the pressure. Feeling somewhat defeated I trotted off to the drugstore and bought a box of color. (Right photo is an ad from 1924. Taken from the National Library of Medicine)
It looked quite natural and I actually liked it! Every six months did the trick for a few years. But then it became every five months, then every four months—you get the idea.
About 18 months ago I decided I had enough. What was I doing? Seriously, I believe so much in natural skin care and I am dumping these chemicals all over my head—for what?
Sadly, our society reveres youth and makes us fearful of aging. But I was never anxious about getting older, frankly it is much better than the alternative.
My fine lines, wrinkles and age spots (called freckles in my youth) are a part of my life story. So if I was happy with who I am and comfortable in my own skin why not be happy with my own hair? I would have never thought that what seemed like such a minor issue would become such an emotional challenge.
After making the decision to welcome my gray hair, I began to notice so many confident women wearing gray hair in many shades, styles and lengths. They did not look old and frumpy, they looked beautiful. There is something elegant, graceful and sophisticated about a woman with gray hair who still exudes youthfulness. I realized it is not the gray hair that makes you old—it is your attitude, how you live your life and how you feel about yourself. I was ready to embrace this new chapter of my life.
So the transitional journey began and it is truly a process that takes patience and perseverance. The transition can last quite a long time depending on your hair length and genetics.
I had long hair, about 4 inches below my shoulders, and was not ready to cut it short--one drastic change was quite enough. The first few months of the root stripes growing out was the most discouraging time. Once again the comments came and I must admit I started having second thoughts about my decision. But this time I would not surrender to pressure.
My hair is now shoulder length. I cut a bit off the ends every month or so and am now about 70% gray!
The hair follicles on our heads number about 100,000. The number varies with hair color—blondes have the most follicles and redheads the least.
Each of these follicles works autonomously, meaning that each individual hair is on its own individual cycle. If all of our hair strands were on the same cycle they would shed all at one time and we would be bald until they grew back. Each hair lasts for two to six years before it falls out and then another takes its place.
Graying hair occurs when pigment producing cells in hair follicles, called melanocytes, stop producing melanin, the pigment responsible for hair color.
Since the number of melanocytes decrease as we age, the amount of melanin that is produced also decreases. The process of going gray is mainly determined by our genetics.
Pictures of Hair Follicles taken from the Library of Congress website
I have read so much information over the past year about how to care for my graying locks. The problem is that the whole process—when graying occurs, where it occurs, how long it takes and the resulting colors and textures are genetically determined. Since each of us is unique, the best I can do is to share my experience.
TEXTURE: There is no doubt that my hair texture is different . . . it feels thinner but not brittle. While there are some coarse, wiry strands, most are actually softer.
OILINESS: My hair used to be oily—not anymore. As we age, oil glands slow down and produce less sebum, which can result in drier hair. So I now use shampoo bars for normal to dry hair. My hair still loves any bar with coconut milk. I have also found that brushing my scalp helps distribute oils and add shine.
SHAMPOOING: How often I shampoo is a balancing act. While I don't need to shampoo every day, I find that my hair looks so much better after shampooing. Using the more moisturizing shampoo bars allows me to shampoo often without drying out my hair or scalp.
MANAGEABILITY: My thin hair was never easy (almost impossible) to style. Actually the best thing that happened to my hair was the body I got from using shampoo bars. Although my hair still has nice body, some of the graying strands can be wiry and unruly. I now use the tiniest bit of hair oil to smooth out those unruly strands. The oil also adds extra body and shine.
YELLOWING: At times my silver locks get a yellowish cast. The outer covering, or cuticle, of gray hair is very porous meaning that it more readily absorbs things like mineral deposits in hard water, chlorine in pools, environmental pollutants, smoke or styling product residue which may give gray hair a yellowish tint. I have found two things that help.
Going gray may not be for everyone. The most important thing to remember is that it is your life, your hair and your choice. Don't allow yourself to be bullied by the opinions of others. Just keep your goal in mind and remember if you don't like it you can always go back to coloring.
A few days ago my mom, now 98, looked at me, pushed my bangs away from my forehead and said, "you look beautiful with gray hair."
Have you gone gray? Are you thinking about it? Please share your experience!
Tags: natural gray hair, going gray, care for gray hair
Categories: Educational | For the Hair | Tips & Advice
There are natural alternatives to chemical laden insect repellents. Plants have been repelling insects and bugs to protect themselves since the beginning of time. So why not harness the power of plants?
Mosquito season has already begun in some parts of the country. Generally, when temperatures no longer dip below 50°F (10°C), mosquito eggs begin hatching and the mosquito season begins. In southern Texas and Florida this may be as early as February.
Mosquitoes thrive on hot weather and as the summer temperatures increase, the mosquito breeding cycle time shortens meaning even more mosquitoes. The mosquito season reaches its peak during the hot summer months.
Tags: natural insect repellent, natural bug repellent, organic insect repellent
It may surprise you, but I have never been obsessed with skin care products. My skin care regimen consisted of a shower with soap and water--and I was done! As I began doing research on and experimenting with ingredients for our face and body scrubs, my skin regimen changed. If you would have told me 10 years ago that I would soon be massaging myself with sugars, salts and pulverized beans, I would have politely disagreed. But my skin now thanks me each and every day!
Tags: benefits of exfoliating, facial scrubs, body scrubs, why exfoliate your skin
Categories: Educational | Tips & Advice
Palm oil has been used in soap making for thousands of years.
Palm oil creates a long lasting, great cleansing, moisturizing bar of soap with a fluffy lather. Despite its great attributes in soap and other products, palm oil has become a highly debated topic.
Worldwide concerns regarding the effect of the growing number of palm oil plantations on the rights of indigenous peoples and the destruction of wildlife and biodiversity must be addressed.
At Chagrin Valley Soap we treasure our planet and its inhabitants. We know that although we play a very small part, we must always make choices that are ecologically and socially responsible. Over the years we have done our research, which I share with you today.
Tags: boycott palm oil, rainforest destruction, deforestation, sustainable palm oil
Categories: Educationals
A Brief History
In many ancient societies, body odor was not considered offensive. Others, like the Romans, were constantly bathing and saturating themselves and their clothing with perfume. The Greek poet Homer said that good hosts should offer their guests baths and aromatic oils. Some would carry sachets filled with aromatic herbs to help combat odor.
"Mum," the first trademarked deodorant, was created in Philadelphia by an unknown inventor, in 1888. It was a waxy paste cream applied to the underarms made with zinc oxide.
Magazines ads, like the one on the right (Smithsonianmag.com), from the 1930's, cautioned women that if they did not use Mum deodorant, they would become social outcasts. The ad contains the following words,
"…men sidestep her. The other girls ignore her. For the best reason in the world! It is unpardonable, these days, for any girl to carry the odor of underarm perspiration on her person and her clothing…Don't risk letting this fault shut you out of popularity."
The first Antiperspirant, EverDry, was introduced in 1903. EverDry, an aluminum chloride solution applied with a cotton swab, was so acidic that it ate through clothing. In the 1950's the manufacturers of MUM invented Ban, a deodorant with a roll-on applicator inspired by the ball-point pen.
In the early 1950's two physicians presented evidence for the role that bacteria played in underarm odor. At that time many manufacturers began using hexachlorophene, a powerful antimicrobial agent, in their deodorants and body soaps. In 1972, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) banned the use of products containing more than 1% of hexachlorophene for the general public after reports of deaths in the United States and France from brain damage caused by hexachlorophene.
In the 1960's many deodorant companies began using Triclosan to kill odor-causing bacteria. We now believe that wide use of Triclosan may also be promoting drug resistant bacteria. Triclosan, extremely toxic to aquatic wildlife, has been detected in many U.S. waterways.
Also in the 1960's, the Gillette Company introduced Right Guard, the first aerosol antiperspirant.
Tags: natural deodorant, organic deodorant
I received an email from one of our customers with a great question, "Thank you for reminding me to be more cautious about what I believe that I see on the internet. But how am I or anyone who doesn't have a science background supposed to know what to look for in all of those studies we read about?"
The science teacher in me just loves questions! So, I decided to deviate from my original blog plan about natural deodorant to try and help answer the question.
Every day we are bombarded with information about science from newspapers, radio, television and the internet. As consumers we are often required to evaluate scientific claims in advertising and the media. Advertising is used to sell products and scientific claims are often used in advertising to convince us of the benefits of those products. Making sense of it all and sorting out credible claims and credible scientific studies can be very difficult for the non-scientist. So how do we, as consumers, learn what is good science and bad science?
A true evaluation of a piece of scientific research requires a thorough understanding of research methods as well as the topic being researched. The purpose of this blog is to provide some basic information on how look with a more critical eye at scientific claims and research.
Tags: evaluating scientific research, natural deodorant
Click here to read Part 1 Click here to read part 2
Problem #2: The fact that most breast cancers occur in the upper outer quadrant of the breast area, where the lymph nodes are located, is further proof of the link between antiperspirants and breast cancer.
The lymph nodes in the underarm, called axillary nodes, form a chain from the underarm to the collarbone. These lymph nodes are responsible for draining and filtering the lymph from the breasts and surrounding areas, including the neck, the upper arms, and the underarm area before it goes back into the bloodstream.
While it is true that more breast cancers develop in the upper outer quadrant of the breast, it is simply due to the anatomy of the breast. The four breast quadrants are actually not all the same size. There is more breast tissue in the upper outer quadrant because of a portion of the breast called the "tail of Spence," which extends upward toward the underarm.
Since there is more breast tissue in this area than in other quadrants, it makes sense that we would also see more cancer in that area. Studies have shown that the number of breast cancers in the upper outer part of the breast is in proportion to the amount of breast tissue in that area.
There is no evidence to suggest that the location of cancers within the breast is related to using antiperspirants. It is also important to remember that breast cancer starts in the breast and spreads to the lymph nodes, not the other way around.
Tags: natural deodorant, breast cancer antiperspirants, lymph nodes
When I was diagnosed with breast cancer I also received a copy of the email I shared in my previous blog from well meaning friends and family members. Even though as a nurse I knew that the information was false, I must admit it was the impetus for my beginning experimentation with natural deodorant recipes (more about that later).
There are four specific problems with that misleading email that I would like to share over the next few blogs. This blog will focus on problem number one!
The title of this blog got your attention! Sadly, that was the point! Breast cancer is scary—believe me I know. According to the American Cancer Society over 40,000 women will die from breast cancer this year alone and we still do not know the cause. So when someone says that they found a cause, of any kind, we "click" to find out more.
A customer recently sent me a link to another company selling natural deodorant. She now uses our organic deodorant but wanted to let me know that if I simply took the time to warn all of my customers about the links between antiperspirants and breast cancer, like this other website, I would get many more customers. Sadly, I know that she is right.
I started Chagrin Valley Soap & Salve because of a genuine concern about the amount of synthetic chemicals in commercial skin care products and the possible adverse effects these chemicals were having on us, our children and our planet.
I believe in using natural products with my whole being, but when I read the page my customer described—I was frightened--not by the warnings, but by the indiscriminate use of misleading scare tactics used by the company to sell their products. As a breast cancer survivor, I felt angry and betrayed. It is just not the right thing to do!
Tags: natural deodorant, organic deodorant, antiperspirants and breast cancer


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Southern California High Tech Event Calendar
|View By:
|View By:
|Product Failures
|Date: March 13, 2008
|Location:San Diego
|" Product Failures: The Key to Breakthrough Innovation" PDMA SoCal. Just as product successes are important to an organization, so are failures a crucial element in creating breakthrough product innovation. Imperative in today's globally competitive world, breakthrough innovation is so extraordinarily hard because it requires organizations built for efficiency to do what feels unnatural: Explore. Experiment. Foul Up. Listen to Steve Hart, Co-Founder of Viasat, and Mark Steele, VP of Motorola, discuss product failures and lessons learned from their own experiences relating to communication and other industries. See http://www.pdmasocal.org
|More information: http://www.pdmasocal.org
|Download to Calendar

subset: commoncrawl


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All summer long your lawn has baked in the sun, endured periods of drought and now faces the chilling days of Fall. What can you do to prepare your lawn for the Fall/Winter season and be strong and ready to grow in the Spring?
In the Fall, you should drop your mower and cut 1 to 2 inches shorter than you have all summer. Continue to mow it shorter until it stops growing and make your last cut the shortest of all. During this period, it is the time to feed and seed your lawn to prepare it for strong growth in the early Spring. There are a number of feeding products on the market in the turf builder category but there's nothing like "organic" feed to supplement this by mulching your leaves. Cutting up fallen leaves into penny or nickel sized pieces and spreading it over your lawn provides a base of natural feed. Even if you don't mulch your leaves, you should not leave them on the grass because they block important nutrients from the sun your grass needs this time of year.
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Quick Details
- Type: Castle
- Material: PVC
- Place of Origin: Shanghai, China (Mainland)
- Brand Name: Tong Huan
- Model Number: YLC-30, YLC-30
- name: inflatable bouncer castle for sale
- material: 0.55mm PVC tarpaulin from Plato
- Blower: with the certification CE/UL
- size: 10*8m or customize
- color: any color can do
- warranty: 3 years
- accessory: one repair kit
- logo printing: for free
- origin: Shanghai,China
Packaging & Delivery
|Packaging Details:
|inner packaging:PVC bag.
outer packaging:Oxford or PVC tarpaulin.
|Delivery Detail:
|depends on the quantity
inflatable bouncer castle for sale
Item name
inflatable bouncer castle for sale
0.55mm pvc tarpaulin from plato
PVC bags for items , carton for blowers
Delivery date
Shipping way
By Sea / Air / Express
CE/UL for blower,EN-71,SGS,Lead for free
Payment way
T/T(Wire Transfer),Western Union, Escrow etc
Logo/ Banner/web site /phone/company name and so on
Web site
Product line
Inflatable bounce, bouncer slide combo, inflatable slide, water slide, inflatable obstacle course, inflatable fun city, inflatable sports game, water ball, inflatable water park, inflatable advertising(arch, model, balloon, air dancer),inflatable paintball bunker, inflatable tent
Quality control
1.Double stitching throughout the unit with triple stitching.
2.Quadruple stitching in key areas inside the base of the unit
3.Extra webbing reinforced strip on all the stress points and interior panels
Come with
1.3years warranty
2.blower(if customer want to buy the blower)
3.repair kits
4.Safe rule
6.Banner with your phone No/company name
8.Card holder(if you need let me knows)
9.Emergency exit for faster deflation process ramp
Our strength:
1. All the inflatable products we use is the PVC tarpaulin from Plato.
2. The zipper we use is the best quality Janpan YKK zipper, much more durable and stronger than the normal zipper some other supplier use.
3.The workers in our factory has over 8 years experiece, so they can make the goods perfect.
Note: All the size and the design are changeable as customer's requirement. Welcome to enquiry us, we will give you the most prefessional answers on time.


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Address: Av Principal Entrando a El Mollar
Dear camper: we wish you well on your camping trips and we ask that you mention when you visit this site and get in touch with its owner.This helps us to improve SoloCampings.
Write or read comments and reviews of the campground Safari Club on this page at the end or by clicking here
On the map is marked El Mollar, the town nearest to the campground Safari Club.
Use the "Map" and "Satellite" to switch between road and satellite maps Use the mouse or arrow keys to move the map, and the "+" buttons. "-" To zoom in or zoom out.
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What is JotForm?
JotForm is a free online form builder which helps you create online forms without writing a single line of code. No sign-up required.
At JotForm, we want to make sure that you're getting the online form builder help that you need. Our friendly customer support team is available 24/7.
We believe that if one user has a question, there could be more users who may have the same question. This is why many of our support forum threads are public and available to be searched and viewed. If you'd like help immediately, feel free to search for a similar question, or submit your question or concern.
How to change the name of the form on the Facebook Tab?Asked by smarcelle on March 04, 2015 at 05:59 PM
After publishing to Facebook is changing the name of the Tab Name possible. Lets say I used one of the preset form like the contact form and wanted to change the name from "Contact us" to "Say What!!". Is this possible?
JotForm Support
Yes it is very much possible.
Just to clarify also, you were referring to 2 different things. Please refer to the user guides below on how to.
#1 -How-to-change-the-Title-Name-of-your-Form
#2 -Adding-Form-to-Facebook-Pages
Hope this help. Let us know if you need further assistance.


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Storyline: A disgraced member of the military police investigates a series of nasty child murders during the Stalin-era Soviet Union.
Movie Title: Child 44 (2015) Director: Daniel Espinosa Stars: Xavier Atkins, Mark Lewis Jones, Tom Hardy, Joel Kinnaman Release Date: 17 Apr 2015 Genres: Drama, Thriller Format: MatRoska (Mkv) File Size: 2.4GB Resolution: 1920x800 Runtime: 02:18:11 Language: English Subtitles: English [Softcoded] - Muxed Encoder: MkvCage (MC) Team Source: REMUX.1080p.BluRay.AVC.DTS-HD.MA5.1-iFT
One Comment
Links are dead. Can you reupload this movie?


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The 26 swing Senators on guns — in 1 infographic
ISO: The best state-based political blogs
The Republican Party's big state-level advantage, in one chart
The GOP's electoral vote problem — and 4 ways to fix it
The Republican establishment strikes back. But will it work?
'The Daily Show' on the skeet shooting questions Obama faced (VIDEO)
What President Obama's skeet shooting photo tells us
* Citing commitments to his business and family, Tagg Romney -- the eldest son of Mitt Romney -- said Monday that he won't run in the upcoming Massachusetts Senate special election. Tagg Romney is the latest prominent Republican to rule out a bid; his announcement comes on the heels of former senator Scott Brown, former state senator Richard Tisei, and former governor Bill Weld each passing on the race. Other potential GOP candidates to watch: former lieutenant governor Kerry Healey and businessman/former Navy SEAL Gabriel Gomez.
* President Obama took his first trip outside Washington to build support for his plan to curb gun violence on Monday, delivering remarks in Minneapolis in which he focused on the push for universal background checks for gun purchases, saying it is not a conservative or liberal idea but a "smart" idea. Obama also mentioned his support for proposed bans on assault weapons and high-capacity ammunition magazines.
* Atlanta Mayor Kasim Reed (D) suggested in an interview that he won't run for retiring Georgia Republican Sen. Saxby Chambliss's seat. Reed promoted two others for the job: Rep. John Barrow (D) and former Atlanta chief operating officer Peter Aman.
* Sen. Frank Lautenberg (D-N.J.) raised only about $11,000 during the fourth quarter of 2012, and reported $182,000 cash on hand. Yes, that's a tiny figure, but it's worth noting that Lautenberg is one of the wealthiest members of Congress. The Democrat recently turned 89, and has not yet said whether he is running for reelection in 2014.
* Sen. Carl Levin (D-Mich.) raised only $13,000 during the fourth quarter of 2012, ending the year with $233,000 in the bank. Levin, like Lautenberg, is a senator observers have speculated may opt for retirement. Levin's spokeswoman cautioned not to read too much into his fourth quarter number.
* Maine Gov. Paul LePage (R) told students his "greatest fear" in the state as governor is "newspapers." He added later, to a reporter: "If they were fair and balanced, I would be a supporter."
* Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell (R-Ky.) said over the weekend that there's a chance Republicans will filibuster defense secretary nominee Chuck Hagel. "I think the opposition to him is intensifying. Whether that means he will end up having to achieve 60 votes or 51 is not clear yet," said McConnell, who didn't say how he planned to vote. A Hagel filibuster would be unprecedented. Sen. John McCain (R-Ariz.), meanwhile, opposes using the filibuster to block Hagel's confirmation.
* Rep. Justin Amash (R-Mich.) slammed McCain for making what he called a "racist" joke on Twitter about Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. "So Ahmadinejad wants to be first Iranian in space - wasn't he just there last week?" McCain tweeted on Monday, along with a link to a story about Iran saying it launched a live monkey into space. Amash tweeted: "Maybe you should wisen up & not make racist jokes," in response to a tweet from McCain acknowledging blowback over his comment.
* The White House says it released a photo of Obama skeet shooting at Camp David because of "persistent questions" about the matter.
You've got a friend in me...
With Aaron Blake


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We're working with our partners in Fort William Nevis Cycles to offer one-way bike hire for the Rat Race Coast to Coast event from Friday 8th until Sunday 10th September 2017.
The off road sections can be really muddy and slippy so a mountain bike is probably the safest choice of bike. Our Trek hardtail 29ers are quick-rolling on the road too.
Each bike is supplied with helmet, pump, spare tube, patches and tyre levers. Bikes can be collected from the bike drop at Cawdor Castle between 16:00 and 18:00. We will arrange collection of the bikes from the transition in Fort William.


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I am new to this so please bare with me. 17 years ago I lost a child to SIDS and have never been the same since. I was 17 when I had her and it still feels like I lost her yesterday. Here is the most difficult part for me to deal with, being a young mother in my family was absolutely forbidden so a lot of shame came with her arrival. For most of her young life (3 mos.) I prayed God would take her so when he did come for her I was devastated. I live with a lot of guilt, shame, and pain daily from losing her. I live with the guilt of not wanting her, I live with the shame of not being able to say out loud "I had a child when I was only 17," and I live with the pain in my heart that comes with losing a child when I was really just a child myself. This part of my life was very confusing to me and I was not allowed to grieve her as my own. Most of my family treated her death as though she was my parents child not mine. The one part I can feel good about is a week before she died I had finally been able to say Screw what others thought and admit to myself that yes I was a mother. I was going to be proud that she was mine. I was ready to stand up and say yes she is mine and I love her!!! Then she was gone....
My question to anyone is how do I let go of all this guilt and shame I carry around? How do I let the pain go? Will I ever feel normal? I feel like I have dealt with her passing and I feel I am ready to release myself of all the guilt and shame but I just dont know how to go about it? Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated.
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It seems like like Nickolai is the same person. But on dialouge you find out he was in Afghanistahn during the Soviet-Afghan war. That would make him at least 17 (from anywhere to 1979 to 1989), so that would mean he would be 37-47 in MW1 and anywhere from 42-52 in MW2, and his voice does change, but yet retains the same base. But on Blackout when you see his DOB, it says he's 47 to 48 in MW2, yet he seems to be MUCH younger. This really confuses me, but I like to look into problems like this.
- This is a serious post and yes I am over thinking this.


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Photo Credit: Benhur Photography (Go Cover Girls)
Congrats to hometown Miami girl, Miss Angelica "Curves" Casanas, named as one of the beautiful women part of the Lady Hennessy Tour. Her first appearance on the tour is scheduled for this Wednesday February 25th (tommorrow) over at Club B.E.D.
As part of the tour, she will be visiting different cities such as Los Angeles, New York, Chicago, Phoenix, Dallas, Atlanta, Houston, Washington D.C., and more. So make sure you check her out tommorrow at Club B.E.D. Here's a little more info on the story behind the tour…
Lady Hennessy is a program to focus on increasing volume to the African American males 30+ and Hispanic Males 25+. Lady Hennessy has 6 High Profile women such as Melyssa Ford, Toccara Jones, Dollicia Bryan, Angelica Curves, Regan Gomez and Miss Issa. They will be visiting Liquor stores and Clubs all around the United States.
They will be apart of the program starting in February until April. Then they come back again for Phase Two and visit various markets from May – July.


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cPath: open source software for collecting, storing, and querying biological pathways
Biological pathways, including metabolic pathways, protein interaction networks, signal transduction pathways, and gene regulatory networks, are currently represented in over 220 diverse databases. These data are crucial for the study of specific biological processes, including human diseases. Standard exchange formats for pathway information, such as BioPAX, CellML, SBML and PSI-MI, enable convenient collection of this data for biological research, but mechanisms for common storage and communication are required.
We have developed cPath, an open source database and web application for collecting, storing, and querying biological pathway data. cPath makes it easy to aggregate custom pathway data sets available in standard exchange formats from multiple databases, present pathway data to biologists via a customizable web interface, and export pathway data via a web service to third-party software, such as Cytoscape, for visualization and analysis. cPath is software only, and does not include new pathway information. Key features include: a built-in identifier mapping service for linking identical interactors and linking to external resources; built-in support for PSI-MI and BioPAX standard pathway exchange formats; a web service interface for searching and retrieving pathway data sets; and thorough documentation. The cPath software is freely available under the LGPL open source license for academic and commercial use.
cPath is a robust, scalable, modular, professional-grade software platform for collecting, storing, and querying biological pathways. It can serve as the core data handling component in information systems for pathway visualization, analysis and modeling.
Pathway Data Collection for Biology
The complete sequencing of the genomes of numerous organisms provides a genetic "parts list" for human and many model organisms
Having interaction and pathway data available in computable form enables the construction of
Central to any of these endeavors is the creation and maintenance of interaction and pathway databases. Because of the need to store and organize growing amounts of pathway information and the lack of a common point of organization, the number of interaction databases is growing rapidly, and over 220 exist in the year 2006
To make heterogeneous data sources easier to use, several standard XML exchange formats for sharing interaction and pathway data have been developed. The Systems Biology Markup Language (SBML)
As more pathway databases make their data available in standard formats, it is easier to aggregate pathway information from multiple sources. A convenient single point of access for pathway information would provide researchers with a more complete and powerful view of biological networks and cellular machinery. Database and software systems that work towards this goal include pathway databases with original content, such as those listed in Table
Table 2
External databases successfully imported into cPath.
Database Name
Database Type
Release Date Tested
Data Format used for cPath Import
Database Stats
Cancer Cell Map
Signaling Pathways
April, 2006
BioPAX, Level 2
Pathways: 10
Interactions: 2,104
Physical Entities: 899
Database of Interacting Proteins (DIP) [54, 55]
Protein-Protein Interactions
April, 2006
PSI-MI, Level 1
Interactions: 54,511
Physical Entities: 19,003
Ecocyc [56]
Metabolic and Signaling Pathways
March, 2006
BioPAX, Level 1
Pathways: 224
Interactions: 4,644
Physical Entities: 3,511
Human Protein Reference Database (HPRD) [57]
Protein-Protein Interactions
Sept, 2005
PSI-MI, Level 1
Interactions: 4,450
Physical Entities: 12,226
IntAct [46]
Protein-Protein Interactions
May, 2006
PSI-MI, Level 1
Interactions: 67,816
Physical Entities: 28,006
Metabolic Pathways
July, 2006
BioPAX, Level 2
Human Data Only Pathways: 108
Interactions: 3,285
Physical Entities: 2,018
Molecular Interaction Database (MINT) [45]
Protein-Protein Interactions
May, 2005
PSI-MI, Level 1
Interactions: 44,904
Physical Entities: 16,325
Reactome [47]
Metabolic and Signaling Pathways
May, 2006
BioPAX, Level 2
Human Data Only Pathways: 775
Interactions: 2,962
Physical Entities: 3,197
Technical Architecture
cPath is built using a traditional three-tier web architecture. The first tier consists of the open source MySQL database
Data Model
The core cPath data model consists of just three elements: biological entities, links between biological entities, and links to external databases. For example, when storing a PSI-MI interaction, such as "p53 binds to TP73", cPath splits the PSI-MI record into three biological entity records: one for the interaction, one for p53 and one for TP73. For each record, cPath stores the complete PSI-MI XML content associated with that entity. cPath then stores two internal links, one from the interaction record to p53, and a second from the interaction record to TP73. Finally, cPath stores external link records defined in the PSI-MI record for each of the biological entities; for example, cPath will store a link from p53 to its UniProt identifier, as well as links from p53 to any matching Gene Ontology (GO) terms if those references are present in the PSI-MI file. External links are supplemented by any unification links available in the identifier mapping system.
By maintaining a simple data model, and storing XML within a relational database structure, cPath is able to store data in multiple XML formats, including PSI-MI and BioPAX and the cPath table structure need not be updated when these formats change. cPath does not define any new XML formats, but rather adopts the data models of PSI-MI and BioPAX. Thus cPath can store any biological information represented by these standard exchange formats, from protein sequence, to experimental description, to thermodynamics information for biochemical reactions. Not all information will be displayed via the web interface, but all will be available in the XML returned by the web service API. Additional tables within cPath are used to support the three core entity tables. For example, cPath maintains an identity and reference table for mapping between identifiers, an external database table for creating hyperlinks to other biological databases, an organism table for storing basic organism data, an XML cache table for storing pre-computed XML assembly documents to speed loading of commonly accessed pages, and a log table for storing fatal errors in production mode.
Using cPath, researchers can import interaction and pathway data from multiple sources, access such data via a standard web interface, and export data to third-party applications via a standards-based web service (Figure
Figure 1
cPath Open Source Pathway Database Software Overview
cPath Open Source Pathway Database Software Overview. cPath is open source software for collecting, storing, and querying biological pathways. At left, multiple databases can be imported into cPath via standard exchange formats. At right, cPath data can be viewed via a standard web browser or exported via an XML-based web service API, making cPath data available to third-party applications for pathway visualization and analysis.
Table 1
cPath is useful for biologists, computational biologists and software developers.
Target Audience
cPath Usage
Browse and search for pathways of interest. Drill down from a pathway to member interactions and molecules. Search for a specific protein of interest, and look up its role in specific pathways. Use third-party tools to visualize and analyze pathways. For example, overlay expression data onto pathways of interest, and algorithmically identify regions of correlated activity.
Computational Biologists
Download all pathways in BioPAX format for global analysis using your own software. Install cPath locally to aggregate external and/or private data sets. Use cPath to distribute, annotate and share computationally predicted interaction data sets or pathway models.
Software Developers/Tool Builders
Build third-party software tools on top of the open cPath web service API, in order to programmatically access pathway data. For example, build software for visualizing pathways and organizing member molecules based on cellular location.
Key Feature: Identifier Mapping System
A recurring problem in bioinformatics is linking related or identical data described by different databases when multiple database identifiers (primary keys) are used to refer to the same biological entity
Importantly, cPath also provides a similar service for storing relationships between non-equivalent, but related biological entities. For example, a researcher can import a UniProt to Affymetrix mapping file, then when a new protein with a matching UniProt identifier is subsequently imported into cPath, it is annotated with all known Affymetrix probe set identifiers. This is useful for tools that link gene expression data to pathways.
Key Feature: Scalable Pathway Data Aggregation
To support data aggregation from multiple databases, such as to create custom integrated sets of pathways for local use, cPath supports the PSI-MI
cPath supports PSI-MI format Level 1 and BioPAX format Levels 1 and 2. Level 1 of PSI-MI represents protein-protein interactions. Level 1 of BioPAX represents metabolic pathways, Level 2 adds support for molecular interactions and post-translational protein modifications, such as those supported by PSI-MI, and future levels will add support for signaling pathways, gene regulatory networks and genetic interactions by the end of 2006.
Key Feature: Standardized Web Interface for Browsing and Querying Pathways
Once pathway data is stored in cPath, it is available for browsing via a standard web browser. For example, the Cancer Cell Map
Figure 2
Browsing Pathways using cPath
Browsing Pathways using cPath. cPath provides a web interface for querying biological pathways. This screenshot is of the human Androgen receptor pathway from the Cancer Cell Map [48].
Key Feature: Standardized Web Service Interface for Application Communication
Data stored in cPath can be made available for query and export via a standards-based web service interface. For example, a third-party application can retrieve a list of all pathways stored in cPath, and then retrieve the full details of each pathway in subsequent calls back to cPath. The result of each query is a BioPAX or PSI-MI formatted XML data file that can be parsed and used by the application. By exposing all data via a standards-based web service interface, cPath enables interoperable communication with other software modules, and enables third-party applications to more easily build and expand tools for visualization, analysis and model simulation. For example, the cPath plugin for Cytoscape
Figure 3
Sample Cytoscape Plugin for Interfacing with cPath
Sample Cytoscape Plugin for Interfacing with cPath. The Cytoscape Expression Viewer plugin enables researchers to visualize expression data on biological pathways. The plugin utilizes the cPath web service API to retrieve pathway data, such as the Kit receptor pathway from the Cancer Cell Map [48].
Key Feature: caBIG™ Interoperability
In addition to our own software engineering requirements, cPath meets specific interoperability and testing requirements of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Cancer Biomedical Informatics Grid, or caBIG™. The goal of caBIG™ is to create a common infrastructure of interoperable tools and data specifically focused on cancer research
Key Feature: Open Source License, Local Installation and Customization
cPath is freely available under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) for academic and commercial use. cPath can be used to distribute pathway data on the Internet, or can be used to share private data locally within an individual lab, department or company. Stable releases of the cPath software are available for download, as are nightly snapshots of the latest code, which is not guaranteed to be stable, but may have new features compared to the last stable release. A complete administrator guide (available in PDF format) describes the step-by-step process for installing a new instance of cPath. Installation requires some computer system administration skill and ability to work with the command line, thus is geared towards computational biologists and software developers. Once installed, cPath can be administered via the command line using a Perl script wrapper around a Java administration program or via a web-based administration interface. After installation, typical set-up includes loading selecting identifier mapping and PSI-MI or BioPAX files and running the text indexer via the command line administration script or the web-based interface. Once these are done, cPath is fully functional and is ready for use. Any problems with import, such as errors in the input files, are detected by a validator and reported. The web-based administration provides several options for customizing the look and feel of cPath, including the ability to set global headers, footers, and home page content. Additionally, we maintain a public mailing list where new users can post questions related to the administration and use of cPath (
cPath is a robust, scalable, modular, professional-grade software platform for collecting, storing, and querying biological pathways. It can serve as the core data handling component in information systems for pathway visualization, analysis and modeling. As cPath evolves, we hope to attract new collaborators and developers to contribute to its open source development. We also envision that cPath will provide the software infrastructure for a large-scale, international effort to pool pathways from multiple sources into common repositories that provide convenient integrated points of access for the scientific community.
Future cPath software development will focus on increasing levels of data aggregation and linking. Currently, cPath is capable of integrating data at the interactor (e.g. protein) level by simply recognizing identifiers referencing the same protein, but it is incapable of detecting duplicate interaction or pathway records, resolving conflicting information and detecting semantic inconsistencies between different sources, all of which are required for true integration. Furthermore, while cPath is capable of importing both PSI-MI and BioPAX data, the web interface and web service must be set to support one of these exchange formats at a time. To support both exchange formats simultaneously, we will focus on creating translators between PSI-MI and BioPAX, and expand the roster of available web services queries to support both formats. cPath will also support PSI-MI Level 2.5, which expands the format scope to include other interactors, such as small molecules, DNA, and RNA and will support BioPAX Level 3.0 and future levels as they become available. We also plan to integrate BioPAX and PSI-MI validators, currently under development by others, into the cPath import pipeline to verify that all incoming BioPAX and PSI-MI records conform to their respective format definitions and to community best practices.
With the availability of tools for converting SBML and CellML to BioPAX developed by BioModels.net
Availability and Requirements
• Project Name: cPath
• Project Home Page:
• Operating System(s): Platform independent; tested on Windows, Linux and Mac OS X
• Programming Languages: Java
• Other Requirements: MySQL 4.0 or higher; Apache Tomcat Server 4.1 or higher; Apache Ant 1.6 or higher, Perl 5.0 or higher. All required software is open source and freely available.
• License: Free for academic and commercial users under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL).
• Example site running cPath software: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Cell Map,
Authors' contributions
EC managed the overall software development process for cPath, wrote most of the code for cPath, and wrote the first draft of this manuscript. GB conceived of the cPath project, managed the scientific and technical goals, and helped draft the manuscript. BG contributed to the web interface for displaying BioPAX records, built the administrative interface for customizing cPath web pages, and built the cPath plugin for overlaying expression data onto biological pathways. CS conceived of the cPath project, and provided overall scientific and technical guidance. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Partial funding for cPath was provided by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) caBIG initiative and the Alfred W. Bressler Scholars Endowment Fund. We thank Shannon McWeeney, Vincent Yau, and Ranjani Ramakrishnan, of the Center for Biostatistics, Computing & Informatics in Biology and Medicine, at Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) for testing cPath on multiple platforms, and performing overall quality assurance (QA) of the entire software system and providing a useful BioPAX validation tool. We also thank Iain Keddie of GlaxoSmithKline for code contributions, including performance optimizations of the cPath import and full-text indexing pipeline.
A new approach to decoding life: systems biology
Pathway databases
Systems biology: a brief overview
Integrated genomic and proteomic analyses of a systematically perturbed metabolic network
The hallmarks of cancer
Modelling the molecular circuitry of cancer
Systems biology: understanding cells
Genomic medicine and the future of health care
Pathway information for systems biology
Creating a bioinformatics nation
The HUPO PSI's molecular interaction format--a community standard for the representation of protein interaction data
Cyberinfrastructure: empowering a "third way" in biomedical research
The systems biology markup language (SBML): a medium for representation and exchange of biochemical network models
CellML: its future, present and past
BioPAX : Biological Pathways Exchange
Pathguide: a pathway resource list
PIANA: protein interactions and network analysis
Graph-based analysis and visualization of experimental results with ONDEX
Cytoscape: a software environment for integrated models of biomolecular interaction networks
The EBI SRS server--recent developments
BIOZON: a system for unification, management and analysis of heterogeneous biological data
Quantitative information management for the biochemical computation of cellular networks
BioModels Database: a free, centralized database of curated, published, quantitative kinetic models of biochemical and cellular systems
Atlas - a data warehouse for integrative bioinformatics
The Pathway Knowledge Base
Apache Lucene
Apache Struts
Apache Xerces Java Parser
ARP: Another RDF Parser
Apache Commons DBCP
Apache Log4j
Apache Ant
Cruise Control
cPath Developer Site
Integrating biological databases
Database links are a foundation for interoperability
AliasServer: a web server to handle multiple aliases used to refer to proteins
The International Protein Index: an integrated database for proteomics experiments
Ensembl BioMart
MINT: a Molecular INTeraction database
IntAct: an open source molecular interaction database
Reactome: a knowledgebase of biological pathways
The Cancer Cell Map
Architectural Styles and the Design of Network-based Software Architectures
SOAP Version 1.2 Part 1: Messaging Framework, W3C Recommendation 24 June 2003
Coming soon: a global grid for cancer research
caBIG Compatibility Guidelines, National Cancer Institute Center for Bioinformatics, NCICB
Minimum information requested in the annotation of biochemical models (MIRIAM)
The Database of Interacting Proteins: 2004 update
DIP: the database of interacting proteins
EcoCyc: an encyclopedia of Escherichia coli genes and metabolism
Development of human protein reference database as an initial platform for approaching systems biology in humans
From genomics to chemical genomics: new developments in KEGG
KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes


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Fring, the mobile application that integrates all your contacts into one list, can now be downloaded from the Google Android platform. It means people who have the likes of the HTC Hero, Motorola DEXT, and T-Mobile Pulse will be able to enjoy free voice calls over the internet, live chat, share files and alert people to whether they are contactable or not. Fring integrates your contact lists from some of the most popular social networking services, including Skype, MSN, GoogleTalk, ICQ, Twitter, Yahoo! and AIM.
The app already supports devices that operate on Symbian S60, the iPhone and iPod Touch, Windows Mobile, J2ME and Linux devices.
Fring for the Android is available to download from your phone at m.fring.com or direct from the Android Marketplace.


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Will Swarts
Recent Articles By The Author
Use Caution If Commodities Beckon
There's a place in your portfolio for oil, steel and meat, but advisers say don't go whole hog.
Hedge Funds Go For a Makeover
The investment pools are shedding their high-flying image as new money comes along.
Rediscovering the Sound of Music
In a world of song files, headphones and car stereos, finding a good audio system may sound scary.


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|Gallows at Tokyo Detention Center
TOKYO — Japan on Friday carried out the first execution of an inmate sentenced to death in a lay judge trial following the country's introduction of the judicial system in 2009, Justice Minister Mitsuhide Iwaki said.
Along with Sumitoshi Tsuda, 63, another death row inmate, Kazuyuki Wakabayashi, 39, was hanged in the first executions in Japan since June.
Tsuda was convicted of killing his landlord Akihito Shibata, 73, Shibata's brother Yoshiaki, 71, as well as Yoshiaki's wife Toshiko, 68, in May 2009 at an apartment building in Kawasaki, Kanagawa Prefecture.
Wakabayashi was sentenced to death for killing Noriko Ueno, a 52-year-old office worker, and her 24-year-old daughter Yuki after breaking into their home in the town of Hirono, Iwate Prefecture, in July 2006. He later abandoned their bodies in nearby mountains and stole 20,000 yen in cash from the victims.
Anti-death penalty organization Amnesty International Japan protested over Friday's executions and urged the Japanese government to abolish the death penalty.
The group also said sentencing a person to death is a grave decision for citizen judges and called for more information disclosure to the public regarding the capital punishment system.
Iwaki, who ordered executions for the first time since assuming the post in October, said at a press conference that he believes professional and lay judges handed down the death sentence to Tsuda "after careful deliberations."
The minister also stressed that he signed the papers to order the executions, respecting the decision of the citizen judges. "I carried out my duties (as the justice minister) given the significant decision of the lay judges," Iwaki said.
Iwaki condemned Tsuda and Wakabayashi, saying they "took irreplaceable lives for selfish purposes" and that the agony inflicted on the families of the victims will never be healed.
Iwaki declined to comment when asked why the two men were chosen for Friday's hangings and about future executions.
The minister also said counseling for lay judges needs to be studied, after a citizen judge in Tsuda's trial said ordinary people should not be involved in determining cases in which prosecutors could demand the death penalty.
The lay judge system was introduced to reflect citizens' views in criminal court proceedings.
With the latest executions, the number of death row inmates in Japan stands at 126. According to the Supreme Court, 26 have been sentenced to death in lay judge trials and rulings for seven of them have been finalized.
During the lay judge trial, Tsuda apologized to the relatives of the victims, saying he would "expiate his crime with his own life." While his defense counsel argued that Tsuda's crime was not premeditated, the Yokohama District Court sentenced him to death in June 2011.
His defense counsel appealed the ruling to the Tokyo High Court, but the death sentence was finalized in July 2011 after Tsuda withdrew his appeal.
Wakabayashi was sentenced to death in April 2007. After the Sendai High Court upheld the lower court ruling, his sentence was finalized in January 2012 as the Supreme Court turned down his appeal.
With the latest hangings, the total number of executions under the second Shinzo Abe administration launched in December 2012 has risen to 14.
Source: Japan Today, December 18, 2015
Japan: Two executed in Tokyo and Sendai
On Friday December 18th, Japan's Justice Minister Mitsuhide Iwaki executed Mr. Sumitoshi Tsuda and Kazuyuki Wakabayashi at Tokyo and Sendai Detention Center respectively, for the first time during his term of office since October 2015.
On the occasion of the last execution ordered by then Justice Minister Kamikawa, we pronounced in our statement as follows; "with the increasing number of death sentences handed down by lay judges, it seems utterly impossible to avoid execution of death sentences which were imposed by lay judges and finalized without any review by the higher courts. The Japanese government should stop forcing its citizens to take the responsibility of retaining capital punishment, citing the result of opinion polls and the system of lay judge trial. Instead, the government should introduce the mandatory appeal system and commence review of the entire death penalty system". Today we repeat the same words here.
|Gallows at Tokyo Detention Center, as seen from viewing gallery
Mr. Tsuda, sentenced to death in lay judge trial held in June 2011, had withdrawn his appeal to the High Court and made his sentence finalized the following month.
Prior to indictment, public prosecutor's office commissioned two separate psychiatric tests on his criminal responsibility. Trial court also ordered an additional test, which found him responsible.
However, validity of the withdrawal is doubted in light of the 1995 Supreme Court decision which established standards for validity of withdrawal made by inmates sentenced to death.
Today's execution reminds us urgent necessity for introduction of mandatory appeal system for death sentences.
Many death sentences have been finalized without review by appellate courts for lack of the system of mandatory appeal. The consequences of such a fault in the judicial system not only are the innocents held on death row but also those who do not deserve to death are sentenced to death.
As there are various factors which are crucial for determination of ultimate punishment, there is always great risk of erroneous decision in sentencing.
A recent example of this would be the decisions made by the Tokyo High Court to overturn lay judges' decisions to impose the death penalty in three cases, which were subsequently upheld by the Supreme Court. Thus, various UN human rights bodies such as UN Human Rights Committee (2008) and The Committee Against Torture (2007, 2013) have issued recommendations time and time again, that there should be steps taken to ensure that such appeals shall become mandatory.
Mr. Wakabayashi, who later retracted admission of his direct responsibility for double murders in the appellate court, had fully admitted the commission of the crimes and his conviction had come only nine months after the incidents. This means prosecutor's case was not seriously tested by the defense based on his denial. Japan adopts a unitary trial, in which the issue of punishment is submitted to the court along with the issue of guilt.
Defendants are forced to beg for mercy, while they contend that they are not guilty in the course of same procedure. Our criminal justice system is designed too poorly to impose ultimate punishment in many ways, including Penal Code provisions which give sentencers broad discretion.
The Japanese government should face up to numerous problems on the system of the death penalty and immediately commence review of the entire system including abolition of the punishment.
Center for Prisoners' Rights condemns today's executions and will continue its struggle to achieve moratorium on executions and ultimate abolition of the death penalty.
Source: Center for Prisoners' Rights, Yuichi KAIDO, President; Maiko TAGUSARI, Secretary-General, December 18, 2015
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QAD Enterprise Applications is a great fit for many businesses. Find out if it's the right choice for you! Are you looking for a QAD Enterprise Applications demo, technical support, product or pricing information or to simply to compare QAD Enterprise Applications with competitive options? Quickly get answers and the information you need.
QAD Analytics enables companies to become effective enterprises by monitoring performance against defined key metrics and key indicators. It provides reporting any way the user wants, from basic reporting through simple browses, to user portals or complex OLAP analysis—all in real time. It allows users to view trends and drill down into detailed data from multiple sources, providing the flexibility and accuracy to quickly make fact-based decisions, and to analyze and share critical information.
Operational Metrics: Provides a single point of view to key effective enterprise performance measures and helps identify issues before they become problems.
Reporting Framework: Provides graphical view to status metrics to identify issues that impede performance and provides decision guidelines in line with objectives; allows the creation of browses and structured inquiries, views and WYSIWYG reports.
Workflow Alerts: Alerts and notifications ensure information flows to responsible individuals.
Business Intelligence: Promotes fact-based decisions by unifying data from multiple sources using an included ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) tool, allowing decision makers to access, analyze and share critical information using a browser-based portal.
QAD BI Data Warehouse Designer: Allows data consolidation, optimization, multi-currency consolidation, support for database maintenance tasks and impact analysis, and provides a single repository for transformation logic.
QAD BI Modules: Integrates with QAD apps out of the box and organized to make data easy to access without complex database queries and programming resources.
QAD BI Portal: Enables decision makers to create and re-use secure dashboard components placing critical data at their fingertips.
"Analytics" is part of the QAD Enterprise Applications line of products, developed by QAD.


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Data from: Evidence for an association between post-fledging dispersal and microsatellite multilocus heterozygosity in a large population of greater flamingos
Date Published: November 25, 2013
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.s1t53
Content in the Dryad Digital Repository is offered "as is." By downloading files, you agree to the Dryad Terms of Service. To the extent possible under law, the authors have waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this data.
|54 times
|Capture mark recapture data (from summer 1995 to winter 2010) for greater flamingos captured as fledglings and ringed between 1995 and 1998 which were genotyped for microsatellite multi-locus heterozygosity. Body condition of fledgling also provided.
|DataPlosOne.xlsx (192.3 Kb)
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Recommended Citation
Robert Cooter,
Unity in Tort, Contract, and Property: The Model of Precaution, 73
Cal. L. Rev.
Available at: http://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/facpubs/1450
Explores how common law combine the goal of compensation with the goal of minimizing social costs. Goals for adopting allocative cost rules; Description of a simple model as applied to torts, contracts and property; Three common-law mechanisms for compensating victims.


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- unattractiveness
- noun see unattractive
New Collegiate Dictionary. 2001.
New Collegiate Dictionary. 2001.
unattractiveness — unattractive ► ADJECTIVE ▪ not pleasing, appealing, or inviting. DERIVATIVES unattractively adverb unattractiveness noun … English terms dictionary
unattractiveness — noun an ugliness of appearance that is not appealing to viewers • Ant: ↑attractiveness • Derivationally related forms: ↑unattractive • Hypernyms: ↑ugliness • Hyponyms: ↑shapelessness … Useful english dictionary
unattractiveness — noun ugliness … Wiktionary
unattractiveness — n. ugliness, homeliness, unsightliness … English contemporary dictionary
unattractiveness — un·attractiveness … English syllables
unattractiveness — See: unattractive … English dictionary
unattractive — adjective Date: 1813 not attractive ; plain, dull • unattractively adverb • unattractiveness noun … New Collegiate Dictionary
wart — noun Etymology: Middle English, from Old English wearte; akin to Old High German warza wart, Old Church Slavic vrědŭ injury Date: before 12th century 1. a. a horny projection on the skin usually of the extremities that is caused by any of several … New Collegiate Dictionary
augmentative — I. adjective Date: 15th century 1. able to augment 2. indicating large size and sometimes awkwardness or unattractiveness used of words and affixes; compare diminutive II. noun Date: 1804 an augmentative word or affix … New Collegiate Dictionary
Corrective lens — A bifocal corrective eyeglass lens A pair of contact le … Wikipedia


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ST. PAUL (AP) Dozens of victims of last summer's bridge collapse in Minneapolis — from surviving spouses to the parents of children riding on a yellow school bus — have filed preliminary paperwork to sue the state.
The documents, obtained by the Associated Press through a public records request, provide a glimpse into a brewing legal battle over the Aug. 1 disaster, in which the Interstate 35W bridge plummeted 60 feet into the Mississippi River, killing 13 and injuring 145.
The first legal deadline — requiring those injured to notify the state within 180 days — is coming up Sunday. Lawyers described the notices as a formality that may not even be necessary to sue later, but the number of notices indicate that many victims are contemplating their options in court.
"This is the predecessor to the lawsuits," said Chris Messerly, an attorney for a pro bono coalition of law firms representing more than 60 bridge victims.
As of Friday, Attorney General Lori Swanson's office had received notice of potential legal claims from 73 injured bridge victims and their family members. Families of six of those killed also had outlined plans to sue the state for compensation. So did three insurance companies and the owner of the school bus.
Several notices offer a detailed look at the financial burdens felt by the victims and their families.
One such letter outlines the ordeal of Tina Hickman, who was eight months pregnant and on her way to a book club meeting when the bridge fell. She was found unconscious. Doctors delivered her baby by Caesarean section — a boy who was apparently not hurt in the collapse — and put Hickman into a medically induced coma for a month. Her lawyer, James Fink, estimated her medical expenses at more than $250,000.
Fink also outlined a plan to seek $250,000 for Hickman's "pain, disability, disfigurement, embarrassment and emotional distress," for a claim totaling $535,085 plus another $30,000 claim from her husband.
Families of those killed in the bridge collapse have up to a year to notify the state of potential legal action.
At least 22 of the notices were on behalf of children, many of them passengers on the bus. Many are still traumatized, according to attorney Wil Fluegel, who represents 10 of the bus riders.
"Many of the children, their parents tell me, still insist on sleeping with mom or dad at night," Fluegel said Monday. "One of the little girls routinely still wakes up in the middle of the night screaming, 'I don't want to die.'"
Bridge victims don't stand to get much from the state because of a law limiting the government's liability to $1 million per incident. But lawmakers are considering a compensation fund that would offer more to those who gave up the right to sue the state. A joint House-Senate panel takes up the proposal on Tuesday.
The state set up a $1 million emergency relief fund in November, but so far only 11 bridge victims have claimed a total of $57,862 in lost wages, according to the Minnesota Department of Administration.
Once that fund is drained, bridge victims won't have any legal claims left against the state, attorney James Schwebel said. Many haven't asked for the aid because they fear it might close off other legal avenues, said Rep. Ryan Winkler, who is pushing legislation for a victim compensation fund.
Lawyers for the victims are frustrated by their lack of access to the investigation, which is holding up lawsuits. Final findings from the National Transportation Safety Board are expected this fall. Most claims outlined in the notices accuse the state of negligence in its maintenance of the bridge. Others point to the potential liability of a consultant that inspected the bridge, and the contractor that was resurfacing the span when it fell.
Copyright 2008 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
Conversation guidelines: USA TODAY welcomes your thoughts, stories and information related to this article. Please stay on topic and be respectful of others. Keep the conversation appropriate for interested readers across the map.


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April 2, 2008
(Helenville, Wisconsin) - RhinoSoft.com, helping companies and individuals leverage the power of the Internet for over 10 years, is pleased to announce the release of the Serv-U File Server to the general public. While Serv-U is traditionally known as one of the most popular, award-winning FTP servers available for the Windows operating system, the latest release represents an evolution in Serv-U's ability to meet today's growing needs for a robust and flexible file server. Serv-U 7.0 adds support for additional file sharing protocols beyond traditional FTP support by including the capability for HTTP and SFTP file transfers.
"When we first started work on Serv-U 7.0 just over two years ago, we knew that we had big plans for where we wanted to take the product," said Mark P. Peterson, President of RhinoSoft.com. "Serv-U has been sharing files over the Internet for over 12 years. The Internet has changed a lot in that time span and we wanted to redefine Serv-U's role in this new environment. Serv-U isn't just an FTP server anymore - it's a full-fledged File Server that offers administrators the flexibility to support multiple protocols to meet the demands of their users."
In addition to supporting FTP, FTPS, HTTP, HTTPS, and SFTP file transfers, Serv-U 7.0 adds remote administration through a traditional Web browser, includes an HTTP-based transfer client, and adds additional FTP commands to streamline client communications. In all, over 60 enhancements have been made in this latest release. A complete list of improvements in this release is available online.
With the introduction of Serv-U 7.0 also comes the announcement of FTP Voyager JV. FTP Voyager JV is a Java based transfer client available for license in conjunction with Serv-U 7.0. Based upon RhinoSoft.com's award-winning FTP Voyager software, FTP Voyager JV is a full-featured program that is distributed by Serv-U to its users after logging in through their Web browser. By providing users with a standardized, powerful client program, administrators can ensure that their users have access to the resources they need from any computer and at no extra cost to them.
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RhinoSoft.com helps companies and individuals leverage the power of the Internet through flexible, powerful file sharing and networking applications. Their premier software titles, the Serv-U(TM) File Server and FTP Voyager(R), are known as a powerful file-sharing combination with unparalleled security and reliability. Based out of Helenville, Wisconsin, RhinoSoft.com has been helping businesses efficiently achieve their file sharing goals for over 11 years. Fore more information, visit http://www.RhinoSoft.com/.
© 2008 Rhino Software, Inc. FTP Voyager ® is a registered trademark of Rhino Software, Inc. All rights reserved.
(Helenville, Wisconsin) - RhinoSoft.com, helping companies and individuals leverage the power of the Internet for over 10 years, is pleased to announce the release of FTP Voyager 15.0. FTP Voyager is an award-winning FTP transfer client that is well-known for its familiar user interface and powerful transfer tools. Released in conjunction with Serv-U 7.0, FTP Voyager 15.0 adds support for several new FTP commands that streamline the communication process between FTP clients and server.
"The FTP protocol is one of the oldest protocols still in wide use on the Internet today," said Douglas J. Papenthien, Vice President of RhinoSoft.com. "While the FTP protocol has been updated many times over the years to address some of its deficiencies as Internet speeds increased and security became a central focus for many, we believe there's still room for improvement. FTP Voyager has always been on the cutting edge in pushing the protocol to its limits. This release continues that tradition."
The new FTP commands supported by FTP Voyager have been added to Serv-U 7.0. These commands include:
FTP Voyager 15.0 contains over 20 improvements and new features. Complete details on the changes made in this release are available online.
P.O. Box 53
Helenville, WI 53137
Voice: +1 (262) 560-9627
Fax: +1 (262) 560-9628
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Whiskeytown Racer - Gallery
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HR Management
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More than a quarter of workers (29%) admit they roll in late to work at least once per month.
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Upside-down mortgages and stagnant home sales affected job mobility during the Great Recession and likely made the economic slowdown even worse than it would have been anyway.


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Supplementary materials
- Supplementary File 1:
m159.mol 3D structure (MOL, 1 KB) Display in MOL Viewer3D structure generated by CORINA by Molecular Networks.
- Supplementary File 2:
m159.mol (MOL, 1 KB) Display in MOL Viewer
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Home > DeSoto Physician Conference > Agenda
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Why Groups?
Following Jesus is about more than just Sunday morning services. It's an every day journey for us all, and He created us to seek Him together in community. That's why at Engedi, we want to encourage connections and build relationships with those around us. Whether it's through a CABLE group, a class, or grabbing coffee in the lobby, God blesses those who pursue Him together.
Cable Groups
Our Church. On a small scale.
These groups of 6–10 people meet regularly to study, to worship, to serve others and to share life with each other. We call them CABLE groups because they're the main way that we embody our five life practices—Care, Acknowledge, Bless, Learn & Listen and Eat—together. Being in a CABLE group is the best way for adults, college-age and older, to connect with others.
CABLE groups are made up of a diverse range of ages and people. A variety of groups is available for anyone looking for a deeper connection.
Want to be in a group? The first step is to join Journey.
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Looking for ways to grow in specific areas of your spiritual life? We offer a variety of classes covering different topics all geared towards strengthening your relationship with Jesus.
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Young Adults
Thursdays at 7pm
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We can't wait to hang out with you.


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Adult Magic Show with Phil Ackerly
Moroccos Restaurant Mountain View
Multiple Dates
Event Details
Enjoy a magical evening at Morocco's with Moroccan cuisine and a special performance by Bay Area's Favorite Entertainer, Phil Ackerly
Doors open at 5pm. Dinner service begins at 6:15pm. Magic show at 7:30PM.
Your dinner begins with your signature Lentil Salad with a cumin balsamic vinaigrette. Main course features Chicken Kebabs marinated in a ginger white pepper garlic base served with Basmati Rice and Oregano and complimented by sautéed veggies OR seasonal slowly braised vegetarian served with our in house made Anise Bread or 3 step steamed couscous.
After dinner, Phil Ackerly takes the Moroccos' stage and present his 45-minute show of sophisticated sleight-of-hand magic, illusions and comedy. The show is for adults and pre-teens. This is not a kids show, but kids age 8 and up can enjoy it with their parents.
Visit Phil's website for more information. http://www.makephilappear.com
Special Dinner and Show package; $32 per person. Show only tickets are available at $12 per person, and $10 for children & students with ID. There is a 2-drink minimum for show only.
This is a very special engagement. Get your tickets early by calling 650-968-1502. Reservations can be made online at www.MoroccosRestaurant.com
For a night to remember just off the Kings Highway in downtown Mountain View, taste and enjoy the magic of Moroccan cuisine which holds within its taste the history of the country itself. For a genuine glimpse into Moroccan cuisine, a must try if it is your first time is the tagines, an amazingly delicious slowly braised stew, and the couscous. Morocco's also offers plenty options for your taste including Vegan and vegetarian dishes. Truly a wonderful place for romantic evening, birthdays, parties, special occasions, and corporate events.
About Phil Ackerly
4-Time Gold Medal Winner: Favorite Party Entertainer, Bay Area Parent
2010 Best Stage Magician: International Brotherhood of Magicians, San Jose First Place, Close-up: Pacific Coast Association of Magicians (PCAM).
For more than 25 years, Phil has entertained and baffled audiences at corporate events and private parties with his sleight-of-hand skills and witty humor. We are excited to present his award-winning magical treasures here with us in the cozy setting of Moroccos Restaurant for a night to entertain adults and young adults.
Morocco's Restaurant
873 Castro St
Mountain View,
Multiple Dates
Add to my calendar
Moroccos Restaurant Mountain View
Without saying, this new venue in the beautifful dowtown Mountain View is one of the best kept secrets for quality live entertainment and musique, not only its themed moroccan decor, friendly hosts and rare wine selections makes it for a venue to go back to. No wonder the locals call it the perfect blend of romantic and fun of things to do in Mountain View.