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DOE-I Basic Design of Experiments (The Taguchi Approach)
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1 Complimentary Copy: DOE-I Basic Design of Experiments (The Taguchi Approach) Target Mean Target Quality Engineering Seminar and Software Bloomfield Hills, MI, USA.
2 Page 2 DOE-I Basic Design of Experiments Presented By 3829 Quarton Road Bloomfield Hills, Michigan 48302, USA. Phone and Fax: Web Site: N O T I C E All rights reserved. No part of this seminar handout may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronically or mechanically including photocopying or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from NUTEK, INC. For additional copies or distribution agreement, contact:
3 Page 3 Course Overview Design of Experiment (DOE) is a powerful statistical technique for improving product/process designs and solving production problems. A standardized version of the DOE, as forwarded by Dr. Genichi Taguchi, allows one to easily learn and apply the technique product design optimization and production problem investigation. Since its introduction in the U.S.A. in early 1980 s, the Taguchi approach of DOE has been the popular product and process improvement tool in the hands of the engineering and scientific professionals. This seminar will cover topics such as: Orthogonal arrays, Main effects, Interactions, Mixed levels, Experiment planning, etc. Participants in this seminar learn concepts with practice problems and hands-on exercise. The goal of the seminar discussion will be to prepare the attendees for immediate application of the experimental design principles to solving production problems and optimizing existing product and process designs. The afternoon of the third day of the class will be dedicated to demonstrating how Qualitek-4 software may be used to easily accomplish experiment design and analysis tasks. Outline Overviews Standard Experiment Designs Basic principles of DOE and orthogonal arrays experiments Simple example showing experiment planning, design, and analysis of results Experiment planning steps Interaction Studies Understanding interactions Scopes of interaction studies and its effect on experiment design Designing experiment to study interaction & Effect of interaction on the conduct of experiment Analyses for presence and significance of interaction Corrective actions for significant interactions Mixed Level Factor Design Upgrading & Downgrading column levels Scopes of array modifications Factor level compatibility requirements & Combination designs Design and Analysis Tasks using Software Experiment designs Analysis tasks Principal Instructor s Background Ranjit K. Roy, Ph.D., P.E. (Mechanical Engineering, president of NUTEK, INC.), is an internationally known consultant and trainer specializing in the Taguchi approach of quality improvement. Dr. Roy has achieved recognition for his down-to-earth style of teaching of the Taguchi experimental design technique to industrial practitioners. Based on his experience with a large number of application case studies, Dr. Roy teaches several application-oriented training seminars on quality engineering topics. Dr. Roy began his career with The Burroughs Corporation following the completion of graduate studies in engineering at the University of Missouri-Rolla in He then worked for General Motors Corp. ( ) assuming various engineering responsibilities, his last position being that of reliability manager. While at GM, he consulted on a large number of documented Taguchi case studies of significant cost savings. Dr. Roy established his own consulting company, in 1987 and currently offers consulting, training, and application workshops in the use of design of experiments using the Taguchi approach. He is the author of A PRIMER ON THE TAGUCHI METHOD - published by the Society of Manufacturing Engineers in Dearborn, Michigan and of Design of Experiments Using the Taguchi Approach: 16 Steps to Product and Process Improvement published (January 2001) by John Wiley & Sons, New York. He is a fellow of the American Society for Quality and an adjunct professor at Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan.
4 Page 4 SEMINAR SCHEDULE Design of Experiments Using Taguchi Approach DOE- I Introduction The Taguchi Approach to Quality Engineering Concept of Loss Function Basic Experimental Designs Designs with Interactions Application Examples Basic Analysis Designs with Mixed Levels and Interactions Column Upgrading Column Degrading Combination Design DOE-II Robust Design Principles Noise Factors and Outer Array Designs S/N Ratio Analysis Learning ANOVA through Solved Problems Computation of Cost Benefits Using LOSS FUNCTION Manufacturer and Supplier Tolerances Brainstorming for Taguchi Case Studies Design and Analysis Using Computer Software Group Reviews Computer Software (Qualitek-4) Capabilities Qualitek-4 Dynamic Systems Class Project Applications Project Presentations General Reference Taguchi, Genichi: System of Experimental Design, UNIPUB Kraus Intl. Publications, White Plains, New York, 1987 Roy, Ranjit: Design of Experiments Using the Taguchi Approach: 16 Steps to Product and Process Improvement, John Wiley & Sons; ISBN: INTERNET: For general subject references (Taguchi + Seminar + Software + Consulting + Case Studies + Application Tips), try search engines like Yahoo, Lycos, Google, etc. For Nutek products, services, and application examples, visit:
5 Page 5 Table of Contents Section Headings Page# Module-1: Overview and Approach Role of DOE in Product Quality Improvement What is The Taguchi Approach and who is Taguchi? New Philosophy and Attitude Toward Quality New Ways to Work Together for Project Applications New Definition for Quality of Performance New Way for Quantification of Improvement (The Loss Function) New Methods for Experiment Design and Analysis Seminar Objectives and Contents Key Points in the Taguchi Approach Review Questions Module-2: Experiments Using Standard Orthogonal Arrays Module-3: Interaction Studies Basic Concept in Design of Experiments (DOE) Experiment Designs with 2-Level Factors Full Factorial Experiment Design With Seven 2-Level Factors Sample Demonstration of Experiment Design and Analysis Example 1: Plastic Molding Process Study Steps for Experiment Planning (Brainstorming) Results with Multiple Criteria of Evaluation Experiment Designs with Larger Number of Factors Common Terms and their Definitions Accuracy of Orthogonal Array Experiments (An Empirical Verification) Learning Check List and Application Tasks Review Questions Practice Problems Understanding Interaction Effects Among Factors Identification of Columns of Localized Interaction Guidelines for Experiment Designs for Interaction Studies Steps in Interaction Analysis Prediction of Optimum Condition with Interaction Corrections Review Questions Practice Problems Module-4: Experiment Designs with Mixed Level Factors Modification of Standard Orthogonal Arrays Upgrading Three 2-Level Columns to 4-Level Column Downgrading Columns Incompatible Factor Levels Combination Design (Special Technique) Review Questions Practice Problems (Modules 5, 6 & 7 are part of DOE-II Seminar) Module-8: Application Steps Application and Analysis Check List Description of Application Phases 8-1 Considerations for Experiment Planning (Brainstorming) 8-2 Opportunities for the Overall Evaluation Criteria (OEC) 8-4 Attributes of Taguchi Approach and Classical DOE Review Questions & Practice Problems Reference Materials (Appendix): Arrays, TT, References, Application Guidelines, Case Study, Answers, Course Evaluation, etc. 11 A-1-23
6 Module-1 Page 6 DOE Fundamental, Overview and Approach There are a number of statistical techniques available for engineering and scientific studies. Taguchi has prescribed a standardized way to utilize the Design of Experiments (DOE) technique to enhance the quality of products and processes. In this regard it is important to understand his definition of quality, the method by which quality can be measured, and the necessary discipline for most application benefits. This module presents an overview of Taguchi s quality improvement methodologies. Things you should learn from discussions in this module: What is DOE and why is the name Taguchi associated with it? What s new in the Taguchi version of DOE? Why should you learn it and how you and your company may benefit from it? What will this course cover? 1.1 Role of DOE in Product Quality Improvement Overview Slide Contents Things you should learn from discussions in this module: Where DOE fits into quality improvement efforts. How is Taguchi approach relates to DOE What did Dr. Genechi Taguchi introduce that is new? How is quality defined by Taguchi and what is the approach to achieve performance improvement? Before starting to learn the technique, it is important to have an understanding of what the technique is all about and how you can benefit your company products and processes from it. History of Quality Activities Acceptance Sampling s Economic Control of Quality of manufcd. products s Design of experiments (DOE) s Statistical quality control s Management by objectives s Zero Defects s Participative problem solving, SPC, and quality circle s Total quality control (TQM) Design of experiments (DOE) is among the many techniques used in the practice of quality improvement. Historically, individually, or as part of the package, several techniques have been popular in the industry. Today, use of most tools and techniques known are employed under one or many names.
7 Page 7 Where does DOE fit in the bigger Disciplines like Six Sigma, TQM, ISO 9000, QS-9000 are common disciplines employed by businesses today. DOE, SPC, FME are special technical skills needed to accomplish the objectives of the any of the disciplines adopted by a company. Often, the quality disciplines employed (the umbrella) change over time, but the supporting techniques do not. Source of Topic Titles The name Taguchi is associated with the DOE technique is because of the Japanese researcher Dr. Genechi Taguchi. In this module you will learn about the DOE technique and what Dr. Taguchi did to make more attractive for applications in the industry. Understand that for most common experiment design technique, the two terms DOE and Taguchi Approach are synonymous. In other words, as you will find out during the course of this seminar, there is not much difference in experiment design and analysis technique for experiments that most commonly done. However, Taguchi has offered a few unique concepts that are utilized in advanced experimental studies.
8 Page What is The Taguchi Approach and Who is Taguchi? Who is Taguchi? Genichi Taguchi was born in Japan in Worked with Electronic Communication Laboratory (ECL) of Nippon Telephone and Telegraph Co.( ). Major contribution has been to standardize and simplify the use of the DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS techniques. Published many books and th bj t Design of Experiments (DOE) using the Taguchi Approach is a standardized form of experimental design technique (referred as classical DOE) introduced by R. A. Fisher in England in the early 1920 s. As a researcher in Japanese Electronic Control Laboratory, in the late 1940 s, Dr. Genichi Taguchi devoted much of his quality improvement effort on simplifying and standardizing the application of the DOE technique. What is the Design of Experiment - It all began with R. A. Fisher in England back in 1920 s. - Fisher wanted to find out how much rain, sunshine, fertilizer, and water produce the best crop. Design Of Experiments (DOE): - statistical technique - studies effects of multiple variables simultaneously - determines the factor combination for optimum result Although Dr. Taguchi successfully applied the technique in many companies throughout the world, it was introduced to USA and other western countries only in the early 1980 s. Based on his extensive research, Dr. Taguchi proposed concepts to improve quality in all phases of design and manufacturing. Common areas of application of the technique are: - Optimize Designs using analytical simulation studies - Select better alternative in Development and Testing - Optimize manufacturing Process Designs - Determine the best Assembly Method - Solve manufacturing and production Problems By applying the Taguchi Parameter Design techniques, you could improve the performances of your product and process designs in the following ways: - Improve consistency of performance and save cost - Build insensitivity (Robustness) towards the uncontrollable factors
9 Page 9 Background of Genechi Taguchi - Dr. Taguchi started his work in the early 1940 s - Joined ECL to head the research department - His research focussed primarily on combining engineering and statistical methods to improve cost and quality - He is the Executive Director of American Supplier Institute in Dearborn, Michigan - His method was introduced here in the U.S.A in Most major manufacturing companies use it to improve quality Dr. Taguchi spends most of his time in Japan. He is still quite active and continues to publish considerable amount of literature each year. To make the DOE technique attractive to industrial practitioners and easy to apply, Dr. Taguchi introduced a few new ideas. Some of these philosophies attracted attention from the quality minded manufacturing organization world wide during the later part of the twentieth century. 1.3 New Philosophy and Attitude Toward Quality Traditionally, quality activities took place only at the production end. Dr. Genichi Taguchi proposed that a better way to assure quality is to build it in the product by designing quality into the product. In general, he emphasized that the return on investment is much more when quality was addressed in engineering stages before production. There are a number of techniques available for use improving quality in different phases of engineering activities. What s New? Philosophy! IN: DO IT UP-FRONT: - Return on investment higher in design - The best way is to build quality into the design DO IT IN DESIGN. DESIGN QUALITY - Does not replace quality activities in production - Must not forget to do quality in design What's new in the Taguchi approach? - New Philosophy Timing for quality activity. Building quality into design Estimating the cost of lack of quality General definition of quality Not too long ago, before Dr. Taguchi introduced his quality philosophy to the world, quality activities for a manufacturing plant mainly involved activities like inspection and rework on the production floor. There was hardly any awareness or effort in of quality improvement in activities other than production.
10 Page 10 Product Engineering Roadmap Realistic Expectation Leads to Satisfactory Results: Most applications happens to be in the manufacturing and problem solving Applications in design are slow but yield better returns No matter what the activities, DOE generally is effective Dr. Taguchi pointed out that For long term effect of quality, it must be designed into the products. All activities of a manufacturing organization have roles to play in building quality into the products. Return on investment is much higher when quality issues are addressed further up-front in engineering. 1.4 New Ways to Work Together for Project Applications What s New? Discipline! - BRAINSTORMING: Plan experiments and follow through. - TEAM WORK: Work as a team and not alone. - CONSENSUS DECISIONS: Make decisions democratically as a team. Avoid expert based decisions. - COMPLETE ALL EXPERIMENTS planned before making any conclusions. - RUN CONFIRMATION EXPERIMENTS. Project Team and Planning Work as a team and Plan before experimenting This new ways of working can be understood well by comparing how past method of working has been as shown below. The Taguchi method is most effective when experiments are planned as a team and all decisions are made by consensus. The Taguchi approach demands a new way of working together as a group while attempting to apply the technique in the industrial applications. The major difference can be understood by comparing the new method with the old approach. Traditional (old approach) has the following characteristics:
11 Page 11 Typical Old Approach (Series Process) Work alone with a few people Wait for problems to occur Follow experienced based and intuitive fixes Limited investigation and experiments For best results, the recommended practice is to follow the new disciplines of working together and follow the rigid structure (Five steps, 5P s) to plan experiment and analyze the results. New Discipline o Work as a team and decide things together by consensus o Be proactive and objectively plan experiments Five-Phase Application Process Experiment planning is the necessary first step (with many people/team and use consensus decisions) Design smallest experiments with key factors Run experiments in random order Predict and verify expected results before implementation.
12 Page New Definition for Quality of Performance What s New? Definition of Quality * CONSISTENCY OF PERFORMANCE: Quality may be viewed in terms of consistency of performance. To be consistent is to BE LIKE THE GOOD ONE S ALL THE TIME. * REDUCED VARIATION AROUND THE TARGET: Quality of performance can be measured in terms of variations around the target. Taguchi offered a general definition of quality in terms of consistency of performance: Perform consistently on the target. To be consistent is to be on the target most of the time. Consistency is achieved when variation of performance around the target is reduced. Reduced variation around the target is a measure of how consistent the performance is. Goals of quality, defined as consistency of performance, can be improved by: Looks of Improvement Reducing the distance of the population mean to the target and/or Minimizing the variation around the target (Standard deviation is a measure of variation) The method for achieving performance on the target and reduce variation around the target (or mean when target is absent), is to apply the DOE technique. The Taguchi version of the DOE makes it easy to learn the technique and incorporate the effects of causes of variability (noise factors) for building robust products. When products are made robust, the variability in performance is reduced.
13 Page 13 Strategy for improvement: Being on Target Most of the Time The strategy for improvement (variation first or mean first) depends on the current status of performance. No matter the path followed, the ultimate goal is to be on the target with least variation. 1.6 New Way for Quantification of Improvement (The Loss Function) Taguchi also offered a special mathematical relationship between performance and expected harm (Loss) it can potentially cause to the society. While Taguchi s Loss Function presents a powerful incentive for manufacturers to improve quality of their products, we will primarily use it to quantify the improvement achieved after conducting the experimental study. What s New? Loss Function! MEASURING COST OF QUALITY: - Cost of quality extends far beyond rejection at the production - Lack of quality causes a loss to the society. LOSS FUNCTION : A formula to quantify the amount of loss based on deviation from the target performance. L = K ( y - y0 ) 2 Dollar Loss per part, which is the extra cost associated with production, can be computed using the Loss Function. All manufactured product will suffer some loss. Difference in losses, before and after improvement, produce saving.
14 Page New Methods for Experiment Design and Analysis What s New? Simpler and Standardized - APPLICATION STEPS: Steps for applications are clearly defined. - EXPERIMENT DESIGNS: Experiments are designed using special orthogonal arrays. - ANALYSIS OF RESULTS: Analysis and conclusions follow standard guidelines. Upon years of research, Taguchi offered a much simplified and standardized methods for experiment designs and analyses of results. Follow standard steps for experiment planning. Use of orthogonal arrays created by Taguchi makes experiment designs a routine task. A few basic steps using simple arithmetic calculations can produce most useful information. Simpler and Standardized DOE Dr. Taguchi made considerable effort to simplify the methods of application of the technique and analysis of the results. However, some of the advanced concepts proposed by Dr. Taguchi require careful scrutiny. Things should be as simple as possible, but no simpler. - Albert Einstein Simple designs using standard orthogonal arrays that are applicable in over 60% of the situations are extremely simple. Experiment designs with mixed level require knowledge of the procedures for modification of the standard arrays Robust designs for systems with dynamic characteristics require good knowledge of the system.
15 Page 15 There are a number terms that are used to describe the Taguchi modified design of experiment technique. The materials covered in this seminar are part of what he called Parameter Design. When you read books and other literature on the Taguchi methods, you will encounter some of the terms that are indicated here. DOE - the Taguchi Approach - Seminar - PARAMETER DESIGN: Taguchi approach generally refers to the parameter design phase of the three quality engineering activities (SYSTEM - DESIGN, PARAMETER DESIGN and TOLERANCE DESIGN) proposed by Taguchi. - Off-line Quality Control - Quality Loss Function - Signal To Noise Ratio(s/n) For Analysis - Reduced Variability As a Measure The parameter design and other product design improvement activities are also known as off-line quality control effort. Signal-to-noise ratio and Loss Function are also terms very specific to the Taguchi approach. The application follows standard set of steps. The experiment planning, the first step is the most valueadded activity. How Does DOE Technique Work? - An experimental strategy that determines the solution with minimum effort. - Determine the recipe for baking the best POUND CAKE with 5 ingredients, and with the option to take HIGH and LOW values of each. - Full factorial calls for 32 experiments. Taguchi approach requires only 8. The way it works: Hold formal experiment planning session to determine objectives and identify factors. Lay out experiments as per the prescribed technique. Carry out experiments Analyze results Confirm recommendations.
16 Page Example Application Pound Cake Baking Process Study DOE can conveniently study the effects of ingredients in a cake baking process and determine the optimum recipe with a smaller number of experiments. You should easily understand how the factors and levels are defined in this example. You should also have an appreciation about how few experiments among a larger number of possible conditions that are needed for the study. Experiment Factors and their Levels Factors are synonymous to input, ingredient, variable, and parameter. Levels are the values of the factors used to carry out the experiment (descriptive & alphanumeric) Five factors at two levels each can produce 2 5 = 32 different cake recipes. Only 8 experiments are carried out in the Taguchi approach. In the Taguchi approach, only a small fraction of all possible factor-level combinations are tested in the study. Depending on the number of factors, the fraction of all possible experiments that are carried out (may be viewed as experimental efficiencies) will vary. The larger the number of factors, smaller is the number of fractional experiments. The efficiency with which the experiment designed using the Taguchi orthogonal arrays produce results is analogous to the way a Fish Finder (an instrument used by fishermen) helps track a school of fish. Orthogonal Array - a Fish Finder The lake is like all possible combinations (called fullfactorial) The big fish in the lake is like the most desirable design condition. The Fish Finder and the fishing net are like the Taguchi DOE technique.
17 Page 17 There are a number of reasons why the Taguchi technique is popular with the industrial practitioners. Why Taguchi Approach? - Experimental efficiency - Easy application and data analysis - Higher probability of success - Option to confirm predicted improvement - Quantified improvement in terms of dollars - Improve customer satisfaction and profitability Easy to learn and apply. Generally a smaller number of experiments are required Effects of noise are treated. Improvement can be expressed in terms of dollars. Unique strategy for robust design and analysis of results. Project Title - Adhesive Bonding of Car Window Bracket An assembly plant of certain luxury car vehicle experienced frequent failure of one of the bonded plastic bracket for power window mechanism. The cause of the failure was identified to be inadequate strength of the adhesive used for the bonding. Objective & Result - Increase Bonding Strength Bonding tensile (pull) strength was going to be measured in three axial directions. Minimum force requirements were available from standards set earlier. Quality Characteristics - Bigger is better (B) Factors and Level Descriptions Bracket design, Type of adhesive, Cleaning method, Priming time, Curing temperature, etc. Example Case Study (Production For higher effectiveness: Define and understand problem. Study process and determine sub-activity which may be the source of problem. Apply DOE to this activity rather than the entire system. Go for a quantum improvement instead of addressing all issues at one time.
18 Page 18 Example Case Study (Production Problem Solving) I. Experiment Planning Project Title - Clutch Plate Rust Inhibition Process Optimization Study (CsEx-05) The Clutch plate is one of the many precision components used in the automotive transmission assembly. The part is about 12 inches in diameter and is made from 1/8-inch thick mild steel. Objective & Result - Reduce Rusts and Sticky (a) Sticky Parts During the assembly process, parts were found to be stuck together with one or more parts. (b) Rust Spots Operators involved in the assembly reported unusually higher rust spots on the clutch during certain period in the year. Factors and Level Descriptions (Rust inhibitor process parameters was the area of study.) Figure 1. Clutch Plate Fabrication Process Stamping / Hobbing Clutch plate made from Deburrin g Clutch plates are tumbled in a Rust Inhibito r Parts are submerge d in a chemical bath Cleaned and dried parts are boxed for shipping. II. Experiment Design & Results One 4-level factor and four 2-level factors in this experiment were studied using a modified L-8 array. The 4-level factor was assigned to column 1 modified using original column 1, 2, and Seminar Objectives and Contents Course Content and Learning Objectives DOE-I Course Topics 1. Overview of DOE by Taguchi Approach 2. Basic Concepts in Design of Experiments Simpler Experiment Designs Analysis of Results with Simple Calculations (Main Effect, Optimum Condition & Performance) Standardized Steps in Experiment Planning Experiment Designs with Common Orthogonal Arrays You will Learn How To: Plan Experiments Design Experiments Analyze Results Determine Improvement and/or solve Problems
19 Page Experiment Designs to Study Interactions Understanding Interactions and Scopes of Study Procedures for Experiment Designs to Study Interactions Analysis of Interactions and Modification of Optimum Condition Practical Guidelines for Treatment of Interactions 4. Experiment Designs with Mixed-Level Factors Upgrading Column Levels Downgrading Column Levels Combination Designs The quality engineering concepts offered by Dr. Taguchi is quite extensive and may require quite a few days to cover in the adult learning environment. For convenience in learning the application methodologies, the essential materials are covered in two parts. DOE/Taguchi Approach, Part I & Part DOE-II This session is dedicated for advanced concepts. Building robustness in products and processes with static and dynamic systems are covered here. DOE-I Covers basic concepts in design of experiments. It puts considerable emphasis on experiment planning and covers interaction studies and mixed level factor designs. 1. Experiment using Std. Orthogonal Arrays 2. Main effect studies and optimum condition 3. Interactions 4. Mixed level factors 1. Noise Factors, S/N, Analysis 2. Robust Designs, ANOVA 3. Loss Function 4. Problem solving 5. Dynamic Characteristics (DC)
20 Page 20 Seminar Handout Content Major Topics Module 1 Design of Experiment Basics Module 2 Experiment Designs with Standard Orthogonal Arrays Module 3 Interaction Studies Module 4 Mixed-Level Factor Designs Appendix Reference Materials Reference Materials Orthogonal Arrays F-Table Glossary of Terms Mathematical Relations Qualitek4 User Help Project Applications Example Report Review Question Solution Seminar Objectives What Will The Course Cover? How To Design Experiments Using Taguchi Approach. - Use Standard Orthogonal Array (OA) For Simple Design - Handle Interaction - Handle Mixed Levels - Includes Noise Factors/Outer Array (Robust Design) Steps in Analysis of Main Effects and Determination of Optimum Condition. - Main effect studies - Interaction analysis - Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) - Signal to Noise ratio (S/N) - Dynamic Characteristics What Will You Learn? Learn to Quantify Improvements Expected from Improved Designs in Terms of Dollars. Apply Taguchi's loss function to compute $ LOSS. Learn to Brainstorm for Taguchi Experiments. Determine evaluation criteria, factors, levels, interactions, noise factors, etc. by group consensus. What This Seminar Will Not Do This seminar is not intended to teach Statistical Science or attempt to cover general philosophy of quality improvement.
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text:
Catch Photo Release Outdoors 2009
de William D. Anderson
Acerca del libro
A collection of short stories from the outdoors plus over 300 unique and interesting photos to go along with them. Each story chronicles an adventure into the outdoors. This book contains several breathtaking photos that the author chose not to include with the original individual stories.
This is the ultimate coffe table book for the outdoorsman, or anyone who appreciates wildlife and outdoor scenery.
Características y detalles
- Categoría Arte y fotografía
Apaisado grande, 33×28 cm
160 Páginas
- Fecha de publicación ene. 07, 2010
- Etiquetas table top. coffee table, photo book, wild life, Outdoors, sunsets, photos, sunrise, water
Ver más

subset: commoncrawl


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Hotel industry is an attractive investment option | 25 July 2011
Hotel properties are some of the best investment opportunities in Europe, Africa and the Middle East, a new report has suggested.
The study, complied by an independent investment firm, claimed that during the first six months of 2011, investment volume in the hotel sector alone totalled 3.37 billion Euros (£2.97 billion).
The figure represents a 73 per cent rise on the figures for the same period of last year and a rise of 123 per cent on 2009's figures. The drive is thought to have been primarily caused by large chains developing their brand and expanding their business to new countries or even continents.
Speaking of the positive findings, property expert Mark Wynne Smith told Propertyeu.info: "The majority of investment this year has originated within Europe as investors continue to feel more assured about cross border deals."
These figures are not just a short-term thing, however; as Smith added that he felt "confident" that the remainder of 2011 would yield strong figures.
He concluded on B2bmortgage.co.uk: "Investment funds and private equity, the drivers of investment last year are currently playing a less significant role but they will be increasingly active through the second half as more stock is brought to the market."
Written by David Howells on behalf of Qube Global Software
While posted by Qube Global Software all views expressed are not necessarily those of the company. All facts are verified where possible directly by the author.
Qube Global Software customers shortlisted at ARMA ACE Awards | 6 June 2017
We are proud to announce that a number of our customers have been shortlisted at the prestigious ARMA ACE Awards.
Just 5% of property businesses consider themselves technologically advanced | 1 February 2017
Research by Qube Global Software reveals that only a tiny proportion of the UK's leading property and facilities management companies believe they are harnessing technology successfully.
Property software giant invests in PropTech pioneer | 11 January 2017
Qube Global Software and Engage enter joint venture in boost to Build to Rent Sector.


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|Sport, 1 pitch, 50'
|YDS: 5.10b French: 6a+ Ewbanks: 19 UIAA: VII- ZA: 19 British: E2 5b [details]
|Chris Miller, May 2000
|Page Views:
|Submitted By:
|C Miller on Jul 27, 2010
|Comments on Lodestone
|Add Comment
|Show which comments —
By Clif Clap
Jul 30, 2013
|I went up initially going for Black Bart but after getting thoroughly confused by the slab finished left and bagged a red point. Climbing to the ledge is really fun but the arete is sort of dull and puts you in a bit of no man's land at the top. I clipped on Golden Nugget's anchors - rapping off to clean the route was a little tricky but worked fine enough.
By Alex Fletcher
From: San Clemente, CA
Sep 13, 2016
rating: 5.10+ 6b+ 21 VII+ 20 E3 5b
I found the beginning of this route to go harder than 10b for sure, the slab and pulling the lip goes around 10a but the top eases significantly down to 8 or 9 on the arete.
I ended up clipping the anchor for Black Bart on account of a guided group of thirty setting up permanent residence on the anchor the route was intended to go to. I find it kind of ridiculous that 4 routes are supposed to share a singular anchor point but I suppose its just the shape of the rock that lends itself to that. Not that big a deal.
Anyway, going to the right anchor was quite delicate and off route which would have made for an interesting fall, but when my buddy did it he just went up over the top then walked to it which puts you sitting right at it.


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Can Turmeric Affect Your Blood Pressure?
Blood pressure is the force that the flowing blood exerts on the walls of the blood vessels. An increase in blood pressure can increase the risk of coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke and kidney failure. About 1 in 3 adults in the United States have high blood pressure, according to the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. Along with a healthy diet and exercise, your doctor may also prescribe medications to regulate your blood pressure. Certain herbs and supplements may also help manage blood pressure.
About Turmeric
Turmeric is a yellow powder that is used as a coloring and flavoring agent in Indian cuisine. It is obtained by boiling, drying and grinding the roots and underground stems of the Curcumin longa plant, native to South Asia. The powder contains a biologically active compound called curcumin, and vitamins C and E. Turmeric supplements are available as tablets, capsules, fluid extracts and tinctures, and have been used traditionally to treat a variety of conditions, including indigestion, ulcers, arthritis, infections and certain cancers. Your doctor may help determine a dose that is appropriate for you based on your age, overall health and condition being treated.
Effects of Turmeric on Blood Pressure
Short-term, oral supplementation of turmeric can decrease the blood pressure in individuals with kidney diseases, according to a study published in the July 2011 issue of the "Journal of Renal Nutrition." Some animal studies, such as the one published in the November 2009 issue of the journal "Circulation," state that curcumin inhibits the action of the protein p300 histone acetyltransferase and prevents the high blood pressure-induced damage of the heart cells. The University of Maryland Medical Center also suggests that turmeric may lower cholesterol and prevent plaque formation in the arteries. This may, in turn, help maintain blood pressure. Methanolic extracts of curcumin also dilate and relax the blood vessels in animal models, says a study in the July 2009 issue of the "Journal of Ethnopharmacology."
Side Effects
Turmeric supplements are generally safe to use, although high doses may lead to upset stomach and ulcers. Curcumin may also lower your blood sugar level when used with diabetes medications. It may also interfere with certain anti-coagulant and antacid medications.
Turmeric is available at most natural food stores, but do not use it without consulting a doctor. Some benefits of turmeric have been demonstrated in animal models only, and more research is needed before it replaces your existing medications. Also remember that the Food and Drug Administration does not regulate the production of turmeric products in the United States. Talk to a pharmacist to find a quality product.


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I spent 11 nights in this hotel on the third floor towards the end of the hallway, and found the room quiet, comfortable, and clean. There is breakfast available each morning which included hot meals and/or the norm of cereal, fruit, yogurt, waffles, toast, muffins, etc. The two ladies that were there each morning, were friendly, accommodating, and remembered who I was from one day to the next...even recalled what I normally ate, and how quickly I wanted the bill (the breakfast buffet costs $10.95).
The one thing that I wished that was either told me, or a placard on the night stand, is that the beds can be adjusted for firmness. I was told by a waiter delivering room service on the second to the last night of my visit. He showed me how to lift up the corner of the bottom sheet on the upper right hand side of the bed, and pull down a quilted placard. There, I found a dial and saw that this bed was set for the firmest setting which explained why I was not getting a good nights sleep. I adjusted it to the max softness and slept soundly for the last two nights. Good to know, and hope this information is helpful.
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- Located mid-way between Detroit and Ann Arbor, the Hilton Garden Inn Novi Detroit hotel in Novi, Michigan is convenient to all major expressways and for visits to Rock Financial Showplace, Twelve Oaks Mall, and the Detroit Zoo. Guest rooms offer a mini-refrigerator, microwave, and complimentary high-speed Internet Access. The property also features on-site dining, an indoor pool, and whirlpool. Japanese breakfast, TV Japan, and Japanese Newspapers are also available at this hotel. ... more less
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Hilton Hotels Direct, Booking.com, Expedia, Orbitz, Hotels.com, Priceline, TripOnline SA, Agoda, Travelocity, Hotwire, Cancelon, HotelQuickly and getaroom.com so you can book your Hilton Garden Inn Detroit/Novi reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
- Hilton Garden Inn Detroit/Novi Hotel Novi
- Hilton Garden Inn Novi


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Alex Cross
Ludo Sander
Dudes in this Scene
Bryce comes home after a long day at work to find his step-son, Alex, naked in the guest room with a large dildo up his smooth butt. Words fly and Bryce is left peeking through the door at the bare-assed, blonde twink. Alex, however, loves to be watched, and he soon catches a glimpse of Bryce leering from behind the half-closed door. Using a smile for an invitation, it isn't long before Bryce is stripping off his work clothes and burying his scruffy face in Alex's firm cheeks.
The unlikely duo are soon naked and blowing each other. Alex's toes curl as Bryce's tongue flicks in and out of his hole. Alex moans and writhes under Bryce's touch, his rock hard dick slapping his tight boy tummy as he rides Bryce's daddy dick. The blonde twink takes every inch of his stepfather's fat cock, riding it hard and then on his back and looking into Bryce's steel blue eyes. When Alex finally touches his dick, he shoots hot cum all over his pubes and chest, grunting and mewling the entire time, enjoying every minute of his mother being away from home.
Federal Law provides civil and criminal penalties for the unauthorized reproduction, distribution or the exhibition of copyrighted motion pictures and video tapes (Title 17, Sections 501 and 506 of the United States Code). The FBI investigates allegations of criminal copyright infringement. The performers in this motion picture, and the characters that they portray therein, were all over 18 years of age at the time of the photography. The content is inappropriate for minors and appropriate care should be taken to ensure that it is not viewed by anyone under 18 years of age. The records required by 18 U.S.C. § 2257 and associated regulations with respect to the motion picture on which this notice appears (and all graphical materials associated therewith) are kept by the custodian of the records at the office of the manufacturer, above. Dudeboxxx hereby certifies to all commercial purchasers that the aforesaid materials are in full compliance with the requirements of 18 U.S.C. § 2257 and associated regulations. © 2008-2017 Dudeboxxx & Manmade Productions.
All rights reserved. Manmade Productions; 4318 Poplar Street, San Diego, Ca. 92105


text:
Jake Bass is fucking hot. He recently made a surprise return to Cocky Boys and his flip-flop scene with Lukas Grande is top of the leaderboard of most-watched videos on GayDemon's gallery this week. Blond hottie Lukas Grande fucks Jake in the window of an apartment after Jake has pummelled his hole on the couch.
Tags: Cocky Boys (198), Lukas Grande (7), Jake Bass (26),


text:
Question about Computers & Internet
My motherboard is a p4m80 biostar
Posted by redchips57 on
i don't know if there is a problem with my board.i just gave you the board number because i thought it might be helpful.my question was do you think maybe my power supply can't handle the 2 gigs of memory that i just installed.it's a 430 watt supply.or do you think that there could be another problem causing the double boot.thankyou
raj,with all the great help i got from several of you guys i was able to get my puter going .thanks again!!!!
Can u give me what is that problem with this board ?
Posted on Feb 27, 2008
that means your pc can't work so u have to check that your smps working or not if it is working then check the connector inside the cabinet. Then u have problem then tell me taht yr VGA out put ok or not.
remove 1 RAM then check. may be one of yr RAM slot is damage.
SOURCE: I have freestanding Series 8 dishwasher. Lately during the filling cycle water hammer is occurring. How can this be resolved
a 6ya expert can help you resolve that issue over the phone in a minute or two.
best thing about this new service is that you are never placed on hold and get to talk to real repairmen in the US.
the service is completely free and covers almost anything you can think of (from cars to computers, handyman, and even drones).
click here to download the app (for users in the US for now) and get all the help you need.
Posted on Jan 02, 2017
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I went MIA for almost two weeks and I've seen some changes at least to the site on my phone? You can tag people now? That's sick anything else new that I should know about?
Most Helpful Girl
We now have a mentions feature. You can tag people by saying "@username" in your post and that person will be notified. We are also able to use hashtags in our posts now. Those are the only two big changes :)00|00|0
And they're pretty cool!
That's awesome I'm excited to come back to that. I assume you can also look up the hashtags now too? Kinda like searching questions?
Yes. When you click on a hashtag, it takes you to the search feature. I am assuming to find other posts with that particular hashtag.


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All Amateur Video 15: Nasty NewbiesFavorites [+]
Pay-Per-Minute Viewing
You can now enjoy this movie on your iPhone®, iPad®, or compatible Smart TV & Android devices.
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Available MP4 sizes:SD 480p (1.28 GB)
DRM-free downloads offer content that is not limited by standard Digital Rights Management (DRM) access technologies. These technologies allow hardware manufacturers, publishers, copyright holders and individuals to limit the usage of digital content.
When you purchase DRM-free downloadable content, that content is available for you to download on any computer and save to a disk whenever you like. You can also download to multiple computers. There is no timeframe associated with your purchase and the content will not expire.
Running Time: 84 minutes
Released: 09/2004
Studio Name: Sensational Video
Series: All Amateur Video
4 Scenes from All Amateur Video 15: Nasty Newbies
All Amateur Video 15: Nasty Newbies: Scene 1 Free Preview
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CHASE People
An introduction to the Academic leads of CHASE
CHASE People
Prof Gordana Fontana-Giusti
Gordana Fontana-Giusti is an architect, architectural theoretician and urban designer. She has been the Assistant Director of Histories and Theories Programme at the AA Graduate School and was involved in setting up and teaching at the London Consortium Doctoral Programme - comprising the AA, Tate, Birkbeck College, British Film Institute and the ICA. Fontana-Giusti was the Director of Urban Design unit at Central Saint Martins Innovation Centre, University of the Arts, London, the coordinator of Agora Cities for People - The FP5 European Commission sponsored project in urban research and design. She has published articles in AA-Files, ARQ, and The Journal of Architecture and is the author of the Complete Works of Zaha Hadid (with Patrik Schumacher 2004, Thames & Hudson), Foucault for Architects (2013, Routledge) and co-editor and author of Scale: Imagination, perception and practice in architecture (2011, Routledge). Fontana-Giusti teaches both theory and design at undergraduate and graduate level. She has lectured widely in the UK and abroad including international conferences at UNESCO Paris, UIA Istanbul, Walk 21 Zurich, and at universities in Utrecht, Barcelona, Novi Sad and a number of AHRA conferences. Most recently Fontana-Giusti has been involved in collaborative regeneration and urban design projects in Beijing organised by the Architectural Society of China, and has lectured at Chinese University of Hong Kong, Tsinghua University and Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture. Fontana-Giusti is the Professor of Regional Regeneration and she leads the MA in Architecture and Urban Design programme taught in both Canterbury and Paris. Fontana-Giusti actively collaborates with the Turner Contemporary, KCC, CCC and other local and regional agencies.
Prof Peter Waldron
Professor Peter Waldron joined UEA in 2007, having previously worked at the University of Sunderland, University College Cork and Durham University. He is a specialist in modern Russian and European history and teaches courses on 19th and 20th century Russia and Europe. His publications include Russia of the Tsars (Thames and Hudson, 2011), Governing Tsarist Russia (Palgrave, 2007), Between Two Revolutions: Stolypin and the Politics of Renewal in Russia (UCL Press, 1998), The End of Imperial Russia, 1855-1917 (Macmillan, 1997) and the chapter on 'State Finances' in the Cambridge History of Russia (Cambridge University Press, 2006). He is now working on a project examining the response of Russian society to the First World War.
Prof Richard Fardon
Richard Fardon is Head of the SOAS Doctoral School and Professor of West African Anthropology. He gained a doctorate in Anthropology from UCL on the basis of fieldwork predominantly in Nigeria. From the 1980s he extended his research to Cameroon. His essays on ethnicity and identity are collected in 2014 Tiger in an African Palace. He has written extensively on the twentieth-century history of British social anthropology, including biographies of anthropologists Mary Douglas (1999) and Franz Baermann Steiner (with Jeremy Adler 1999). More recent research on Africa culminated in the exhibition and award-winning catalogue for Central Nigeria Unmasked: Arts of the Benue River Valley (with Marla Berns and Sidney Kasfir). He has been Chair of the Association of Social Anthropologists, Vice President of the Royal Anthropological Institute and editor of AFRICA. He was elected to the British Academy in 2004.


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Kelly: Returning Golson better understands offense
Notre Dame coach Brian Kelly says quarterback Everett Golson returns to the Fighting Irish as a stronger player with a better understanding of the offense even after missing last season.
Kelly said Friday that he can talk to Golson about pass protection, receiver routes and other nuances of the game that he couldn't have before Golson missed last season while serving a semester-long suspension for academic impropriety. But Kelly says he hasn't seen Golson throw a pass yet.
Although Golson led the Irish to the national championship game in 2012, Kelly says he expects sophomore Malik Zaire to compete with him for the starting job. Kelly says Zaire needs to step up and show he's ready to lead and practice as though he's the starter.
(Copyright 2014 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)


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Maybe it's me, but I've seen a lot of grumpy people lately out and about.
Just yesterday a pedestrian called me a "yuppie pig" at a stop light. Seriously. I hadn't nudged my car into the pedestrian crosswalk, nor was I anywhere close to mowing her down. The day before, a guy tried to cut in line in front of me at Trader Joe's, then barked at me. This was just after I witnessed a motorcyclist get into a bird-flipping altercation with the driver of an SUV.
I suspect the ongoing government shutdown, Washington gridlock and the potential for economic catastrophe have made some people, shall we say, less than pleased. I know it's a complicated situation, without any simple solution, but I found an app that could put you in a better mood. At least, that's the intent behind Kindr, a new, free iOS app.
Kindr connects to your iPhone's address book and suggests compliments you can send to friends. When you send a compliment, you earn Kindr points. Earn 300 points, for instance, and you unlock the ability to write custom compliments.
Before then, you must rely on the app's prepared compliments, in the form of questions. Here are some examples:
* "If YOLO were a person instead of a saying, who would it be?" (YOLO stands for "You Only Live Once.")
* "Who do you admire for the way they make family a priority in their life?"
* "Who's tough enough to be friends with Chuck Norris?"
* "Who's such a good influence they would have stopped Goldilocks from breaking into that house?"
The message recipient doesn't need the Kindr app, according to Matt Ivester, Kindr Inc.'s CEO. If the recipient does have an app, they receive a push notification, and the message appears in their in-app inbox. If your friend doesn't have Kindr, they receive a text message (if you have a mobile phone number in their contact info) or email with a link to view the message on the Web.
I sent messages to two friends using Kindr and one to myself. One friend received the message; the other didn't. I recieved mine, as well.
Kindr's Ivester isn't sure why my friend didn't receive his message. He added that it's possible my friend didn't pay any attention to it in his text messages because my Kindr note would have come from a Kindr phone number, not mine, due to restrictions by Apple. "We are working on ways around this in the future," he says.
Kindr also includes a "good news" feed from The Huffington Post, in which you can read upbeat stories, many of which are about dogs.
I don't want to sound unkind about an app that promotes kindness. So I'll just say I'd love to see Kindr develop a few more features to keep users engaged. For example, the app would be even more compelling with a philanthropy component, similar to Google's One Today Android app.
Just a thought. In the meantime, my fellow Americans, how about a little more Rodney King ("Why can't we all just get along?") and a little less Rambo?


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A LITTLE like a 400 metres sprint at the Olympics, it can be tough to figure out who's leading Super Rugby at the halfway mark.
Generally speaking, the leading runners in the 400m only become clear as they round the last bend and the staggered lane system evens out.
Super Rugby is not a million miles away from the one-lap classic. Where European comps are endurances events, Super Rugby is one long, lung-torching sprint and the curves of a three-country competition can cloud the picture of leading contenders deep into the regular season.
Tactically different blocks of opponents, jet-lag-soaked tours and the comforting tailwinds of home games come at different times for all, leaving it hard to tell who will rise and fall on the run home. The impacts of the June Tests also remain unknown until sides are picked and injuries are handed out by the gods.
So as we pass the halfway point of Super Rugby 2014, the picture appears to be slowly focusing but much could still change.
The Sharks, for example, are out in front but have played all-but one of their first eight games at home. They lost one away and now have a path to the finals largely on the road.
Dangerous Kiwi sides the Chiefs and the Crusaders are hanging grimly in the finals race, have already completed their South African tour and face a happier groove of Aussie teams and local derby games in the back-half.
The Hurricanes, too, are now on a run with most of their travel behind them and can beat anyone on their day. The Canes' last four games are all against Kiwi teams, however, meaning puzzle pieces in the Kiwi conference will shift right until the end.
What of the Australian conference? Australian sides occupy three spots in the top six at the 200-metre mark but is it folly to think all three could make the finals?
The Force sit in fifth overall and have shown impressive form this year, but signs of fatigue were clear in their loss to the Rebels and things don't get easier.
Their Africanised style will go head-to-head with kin over the next month as the Force meet the Bulls in Perth, and then the Cheetahs and Stormers across the Indian Ocean, before returning to play the Lions at nib Stadium.
Hopes of a first finals spot could rest on picking up three of those four games, but encouragingly for their fans, the Force actually have a decent record in South Africa.
The Brumbies remain well-positioned in top spot on the Aussie ladder after picking up six wins in a tiring 8-game sequence.
There are no easy runs home but the Canberra men have a run of top-class foes around the corner; playing the Chiefs, Crusaders and Sharks in the next month and a South African tour still to endure as well.
Keeping their stars on the park will be important.
The Reds and the Rebels will take solace in their apparent proximity to the top six but realistically both are on a knife-edge, and can only afford to drop one more game or they are toast. Both sides certainly have the ability to win more games but it is hard to see such dominance in the back half when inconsistency plagued the opening one.
And what of the Waratahs? Could this be their first finals since 2011?
Coaches like to keep destiny in their own hands, and NSW have held on to that.
With Israel Folau fit and fresh, a backline settling its combinations and a forward pack trending upwards in physicality and set-piece work, signs point towards finals being a very achievable goal. Staying healthy will be crucial.
But there's finals and there's finals, and the Tahs' top-two ambition is the important marker to focus on. You have to be in the top pair of teams to get a home playoff, and if you don't, history says you will be finals fodder.
The Brumbies needed 10 wins, two draws and eight bonus points to get top spot in the Australian conference last year and NSW will require another five to six wins from their remaining eight games to be in that territory.
The loss to the Force left them with "no buffer", according to coach Michael Cheika, so there is precious little room for another slip-up.
Tough road trips against the Blues and Chiefs await, though helpfully they meet the back-to-back champs in an afternoon game in New Plymouth. NSW meet the Hurricanes, Highlanders and Lions on friendlier home turf, however, and points from those three and an away trip to the Rebels would be eyed off.
That leaves a couple of other wins to be snaffled between the New Zealand visits and two vital local derbies after the June Test break.
The Brumbies travel to Sydney in late June and with positions usually up grabs in the last round, the last game could well determine the final picture of the 400m race.
Waratahs v Reds, in Queensland, on July 12. Three days after a potential State of Origin decider at the same venue. You can smell the hate from here.
v Chiefs (h)
v Crusaders (a)
v Sharks (h)
v Cheetahs (a)
v Bulls (a)
v Rebels (h)
v Waratahs (a)
v Force (h)
v Blues (a)
v Hurricanes (h)
v Lions (h)
v Rebels (a)
v Chiefs (a)
v Brumbies (h)
v Highlanders (h)
v Reds (a)
v Bulls (h)
v Cheetahs (a)
v Stormers (a)
v Lions (h)
v Crusaders (a)
v Blues (h)
v Reds (h)
v Brumbies (a)
v Hurricanes (a)
v Blues (a)
v Crusaders (h)
v Rebels (h)
v Highlanders (h)
v Rebels (a)
v Force (a)
v Waratahs (h)
Sharks (h)
Hurricanes (h)
Reds (a)
Waratahs (h)
Brumbies (a)
Reds (h)
Lions (a)
Bulls (a)
Originally published as Aussie sides making run at history


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Have You Read The Terms & Conditions?
Four young men have won a trip with their favorite social network. On board the private plane that took him to New York, they are invited to participate in an in-flight entertainment: a new online gaming experience. But this is no ordinary Thurs Trapped at 30,000 feet, they will play for their lives and those of their families. They will discover the hard way that put his life online can have dire consequences ...
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Modernizing the medical world
Innovative Medical Device production
We use the latest technology to design and produce portable medical devices for muscle, nerve, and brain diagnostics.
Myoguide™ System
Myoguide™ is a handheld needle EMG guided injection system. Myoguide™ enables clinicians to see and hear, as well as challenge, the injection sites, before any drug is injected.
Myoguide™ System UPGRADE!
Myoguide's integrated stimulator can now stimulate in both 1.0mA and 0.1mA steps over the full 0-20mA stimulation range; Myoguide has 50, 100, 200, or 500μs stimulation pulse width choices; and stimulation frequency choices of 1, 3, 5, 7, or 10 Hz;
Please contact us about our new upgrade program!
innovative development
Intronix is always at the forefront of technologies and constantly researching and developing new products. The products we have in development cover a wide range of applications, expanding our scope and contributing to support diagnostics and treatment.
Intronix News
The industry is constantly changing as new information and technologies are introduced to the medical world. Stay up-to-date with Intronix to remain knowledgeable and competitive in the medical device field.
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AANEM Annual Meeting 2017, Phoenix, Arizona: Intronix Attending!
Intronix will be attending the American Association of Neuromuscular & Electrodiagnostic Medicine (AANEM) meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, September 13-16, 2017. This year's meeting will be held at the JW Marriott Phoenix Desert Ridge Resort & Spa. We are looking forward to the opportunity to showcase our new patient management software package "Myoguide DOC". Myoguide DOC…Read More
AAPM&R 2017, Denver, Colorado: Myoguide For Three Hands-On Workshops
Intronix has been officially invited to supply Myoguide units for three hands-on workshops at the American Association of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. The AAPM&R Annual Assembly is taking place Colorado Convention Center , in Denver, from October 11-15, 2017. We are very pleased and honoured to have the opportunity to continue to support the AAPM&R! This will…Read More
Myoguide DOC: Patient Pain Management at a Glance
Patient Pain Management at a Glance Myoguide DOC: Saves Time, Increases Productivity, and Improves Communication TORONTO, April 11, 2017 – Intronix Technologies will be launching "Myoguide DOC", a comprehensive software package designed to help clinicians who inject Botulinum Toxins, such as Botox®, Dysport® and Xeomin® to manage their patient's spasticity and pain. Myoguide DOC…Read More
Intronix will be at MEDICA 2009, Düsseldorf, Germany
Intronix Technologies Corporation will unveil "Myoguide", their new injection site targeting, handheld device, at MEDICA 2009, November 18-21 in Düsseldorf, Germany. Myoguide presents a comprehensive integrated system that was developed for clinicians injecting neuromodulators ( Botox©, Myoblock©,Dysport©), for the management of pain,movement disorders, spastic musclemanagement and cosmetic applications Clinicians use Myoguide to locate areas of…Read More
Latest Press Release for MEDICA
EMG-GUIDED NEEDLE SYSTEM PROMISES NEW ERA OF MORE ACCURATE INJECTIONS Toronto, Nov. 13 – Demand by an aging population grows world wide for injected neuromodulator drugs to control the disorders and pain associated with a wide range of chronic and other diseases. However, as recent Federal Drug Agency (FDA) reports in the United States have…Read More
SleepView Sleep Study System
We finally came up with a name for our "Sleep-at-Home" sleep study system. We have registered Sleepview.ca to document the details of our wrist mounted sleep study system. SleepView is still in R&D, but we hope to complete it and bring it to market as soon as possible. Keep an eye out for details on…Read More
Intronix receives ISO 9001:2008 Certification
Intronix has just received our ISO 9001:2008 registration from BSI. This was an update from our previous ISO 9001:2000 certification. We at Intronix Technologies Corporation pride ourselves on maintaining and improving our quality system whenever possible. Special thanks to our regulatory team for being at the top of their game.Read More
Intronix makes the MEDICA Newsletter a second time!
Intronix Technologies news releases caught the attention of the MEDICA editors and have made it again to their weekly newsletter. This makes two inclusions in the "innovations section" of the newsletter in the last three weeks. The first publication had us featured by ourselves. This last mention included us in "Ontario Companies Bring Diversity to…Read More
Quality is a priority for Intronix
We had the privilege of going through our regular re-certification ISO audit, which happens every third year in our yearly ISO auditing cycle. This is a top to bottom audit covering all aspects of our regulatory system. Our quality system is registered to both ISO 9001:2000 and ISO 13485:2003. BSI is our quality systems registrar…Read More
Intronix Press Release makes the MEDICA Newsletter!
As you may know, Intronix will be at MEDICA, in Dusseldorf, Germany in November. We just made the MEDICA International Newsletter with our press release. Apparently, we are possibly the first Canadian company to make this newsletter. Check out the innovations section! The editors are interested in Myoguide and our new Sleep-at-Home system. We have…Read More


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Axisymmetric Swirl
Iam solving fluid flow in a 3D configuration having axisymmetric swirl... I created a 2D mesh in gambit and used solver model of fluent having axisymmetric swirl and I am getting quite decent results through it...But, I want to solve the same problem in CFX...AFAIK, CFX is a 3D solver so it generates axisymmetric 2D model by creating one layer thick 3D model..Does there exists some similar procedure to solve axisymmetric swirl models in CFX
2D axisymmetric model in fluent
I read your post and was wondering whether you know how i can simulate a plain orifice atomizer in 2D. I have set the model up but when i begin the simulation it is not running. I keep getting divergence detected in AMG solver-x momentum. I have the same case in 3D and it runs fine.
Any idea what i must do to get it right? The nozzle is located along the axis, precisely at the origin.
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Create Musical Harmonies By Playing On This Lighted Swing Set
An art installation in Montreal explores cooperation through playful movement.
A new installation in Montreal encourages passersby to create music with swings; each swing on the 21 seat set plays a pre-recorded sound, but when swingers coordinate their moves, the swings work together to create a harmony.
Designed in collaboration between Mouna Andraos and Melissa Mongiat of the art collective Daily Tous Les Jours and Luc-Alain Giraldeau, a professor at the Université du Québec à Montréal's Science Faculty, '21 Balançoires' sits in front of the Université Science Center and is as much as an experiment in human behavior as it is art installation:
The installation offers a fresh look at the idea of cooperation- the notion that we can achieve more together than alone.
When people swung alone on the colorful, illuminated swings, a single sound would play–a touch of a piano key, a strum of a harp, or a hit of a note on a xylophone. But when swingers pumped their legs together, swinging back and forth in unison, sounds would unlock, creating complex melodies. If all 21 swings moved in a coordinated effort, a secret song would play.
In an interview with Quartier Des Spectacles, Mongiat speaks to the decision to create a large-scale swing set to experiment with the idea of urban collaboration:
Everywhere in the world, there's always movement around swingsets. It's a peaceful way of appropriating public space. You can see that pretty much everywhere, throughout big cities. When we saw the vitrines, we wanted to hang swings off of them, to give people a chance to play between two traffic corridors.
There necessarily has to be some kind of conncetion between people, by looks, by reactions, by adjustment… What people are going to hear will depend on what everybody does. And that's the part that, for us, is fascinating: we're in the middle of downtown, passersby don't know each other, and we're excited to see how they react and cooperate!
Watch '21 Balançoires' in action below and scroll through the gallery for more images of this playful installation:
all images: Olivier Blouin


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