text:
OpenOffice.org 3.2 BASIC Guide
- Virgil Clark
- 2 years ago
- Views:
1 OpenOffice.org 3.2 BASIC Guide
2 Copyright The contents of this document are subject to the Public Documentation License. You may only use this document if you comply with the terms of the license. See:
3 Contents Copyright...2 Preface OpenOffice.org BASIC Programming Guide...7 About OpenOffice.org Basic...7 Intended Users of OpenOffice.org Basic...8 Use of OpenOffice.org Basic...8 More Information The Language of OpenOffice.org BASIC...9 Overview of a Basic Program...9 Working With Variables...11 Strings...12 Numbers...13 Boolean Values...16 Date and Time...16 Arrays...17 Scope and Life Span of Variables...20 Constants...21 Operators...22 Branching...23 Loops...25 Procedures and Functions...27 Error Handling...30 Other Instructions Runtime Library...35 Conversion Functions...35 Strings...38 Date and Time...40 Files and Directories...42 Message and Input Boxes...47 Other Functions Introduction to the API...51 Universal Network Objects (UNO)...51 Properties and Methods
4 Modules, Services and Interfaces...53 Tools for Working with UNO...53 Overview of Central Interfaces Working with Documents...59 The StarDesktop...59 Styles and Templates Text Documents...69 The Structure of Text Documents...69 Editing Text Documents...75 More Than Just Text Spreadsheet Documents...91 The Structure of Spreadsheets...91 Editing Spreadsheet Documents Drawings and Presentations The Structure of Drawings Editing Drawing Objects Presentations Charts (Diagrams) Using Charts in Spreadsheets The Structure of Charts Chart Types Databases SQL: a Query Language Types of Database Access Data Sources Database Access Dialogs Working With Dialogs Properties Events Dialog Control Elements Forms Working With Forms Control Element Forms Database Forms...176
5 Preface This guide provides an introduction to programming with OpenOffice.org Basic. To get the most out of this book, you should be familiar with other programming languages. Extensive examples are provided to help you quickly develop your own OpenOffice.org Basic programs. Note Throughout this document, the OpenOffice.org installation directory is represented in syntax as install-dir. 5
6 1 C H A P T E R 1 1 OpenOffice.org BASIC Programming Guide This guide provides an introduction to programming with OpenOffice.org Basic. To get the most out of this book, you should be familiar with other programming languages. Extensive examples are provided to help you quickly develop your own OpenOffice.org Basic programs. This guide divides information about OpenOffice.org administration into several chapters. The first three chapters introduce you to OpenOffice.org Basic: The Language of OpenOffice.org Basic Runtime Library Introduction to the API These chapters provide an overview of OpenOffice.org Basic and should be read by anyone who intends to write OpenOffice.org Basic programs. The remaining chapters describe the individual components of the OpenOffice.org API in more detail and can be read selectively as required: Working with Documents Text Documents Spreadsheet Documents Drawings and Presentations Charts (Diagrams) Databases Dialogs Forms About OpenOffice.org Basic The OpenOffice.org Basic programming language has been developed especially for OpenOffice.org and is firmly integrated in the Office package. As the name suggests, OpenOffice.org Basic is a programming language from the Basic family. Anyone who has previously worked with other Basic languages in particular with Visual Basic or Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) from Microsoft will quickly become accustomed to OpenOffice.org Basic. Large sections of the basic constructs of OpenOffice.org Basic are compatible with Visual Basic. The OpenOffice.org Basic programming language can be divided into four components: The language of OpenOffice.org Basic: Defines the elementary linguistic constructs, for example, for variable declarations, loops, and functions. The runtime library: Provides standard functions which have no direct reference to OpenOffice.org, for example, functions for editing numbers, strings, date values, and files. The OpenOffice.org API (Application Programming Interface): Permits access to OpenOffice.org documents 7
7 About OpenOffice.org Basic and allows these to be created, saved, modified, and printed. The Dialog Editor: Creates personal dialog windows and provides scope for the adding of control elements and event handlers. Note VBA : Compatibility between OpenOffice.org Basic and VBA relates to the OpenOffice.org Basic language as well as the runtime library. The OpenOffice.org API and the Dialog Editor are not compatible with VBA (standardizing these interfaces would have made many of the concepts provided in OpenOffice.org impossible). Intended Users of OpenOffice.org Basic The scope of application for OpenOffice.org Basic begins where the standard functions of OpenOffice.org end. Routine tasks can therefore be automated in OpenOffice.org Basic, links can be made to other programs for example to a database server and complex activities can be performed at the press of a button by using predefined scripts. OpenOffice.org Basic offers complete access to all OpenOffice.org functions, supports all functions, modifies document types, and provides options for creating personal dialog windows. Use of OpenOffice.org Basic OpenOffice.org Basic can be used by any OpenOffice.org user without any additional programs or aids. Even in the standard installation, OpenOffice.org Basic has all the components needed to create its own Basic macros, including: The integrated development environment (IDE) which provides an editor for creating and testing macros. The interpreter, which is needed to run OpenOffice.org Basic macros. The interfaces to various OpenOffice.org applications, which allow for direct access to Office documents. More Information The components of the OpenOffice.org API that are discussed in this guide were selected based on their practical benefits for the OpenOffice.org Basic programmer. In general, only parts of the interfaces are discussed. For a more detailed picture, see the API reference. The Developer's Guide describes the OpenOffice.org API in more detail than this guide, but is primarily intended for Java and C++ programmers. Anyone who is already familiar with OpenOffice.org Basic programming can find additional information in the Developer's Guide on OpenOffice.org Basic and OpenOffice.org programming. Programmers who want to work directly with Java or C++ rather than OpenOffice.org Basic should consult the OpenOffice.org Developer's Guide instead of this guide. OpenOffice.org programming with Java or C++ is a considerably more complex process than programming with OpenOffice.org Basic. 8 OpenOffice.org 3.2 BASIC Guide March 2010
8 2 C H A P T E R 2 2 The Language of OpenOffice.org BASIC OpenOffice.org Basic belongs to the family of Basic languages. Many parts of OpenOffice.org Basic are identical to Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications and Microsoft Visual Basic. Anyone who has already worked with these languages can quickly become accustomed to OpenOffice.org Basic. Programmers of other languages such as Java, C++, or Delphi should also find it easy to familiarize themselves with OpenOffice.org Basic. OpenOffice.org Basic is a fully-developed procedural programming language and no longer requires rudimentary control structures, such as GoTo and GoSub. You can also benefit from the advantages of object-oriented programming since an interface in OpenOffice.org Basic enables you to use external object libraries. The entire OpenOffice.org API is based on these interfaces, which are described in more detail in the following chapters of this document. This chapter provides an overview of the key elements and constructs of the OpenOffice.org Basic language, as well as the framework in which applications and libraries are oriented to OpenOffice.org Basic. Overview of a Basic Program OpenOffice.org Basic is an interpreter language. Unlike C++ or Delphi, the OpenOffice.org Basic compiler does not create executable or self-extracting files that are capable of running automatically. Instead, you execute an OpenOffice.org Basic program inside OpenOffice.org. The code is first checked for obvious errors and then executed line by line. Program Lines The Basic interpreter's line-oriented execution produces one of the key differences between Basic and other programming languages. Whereas the position of hard line breaks in the source code of Java, C++, or Delphi programs is irrelevant, each line in a Basic program forms a self-contained unit. Function calls, mathematical expressions, and other linguistic elements, such as function and loop headers, must be completed on the same line that they begin on. If there is not enough space, or if this results in long lines, then several lines can be linked together by adding underscores _. The following example shows how four lines of a mathematical expression can be linked: LongExpression = (Expression1 * Expression2) + _(Expression3 * Expression4) + _ (Expression5 * Expression6) + _(Expression7 * Expression8) Note The underscore must always be the last character in a linked line and cannot be followed by a space or a tab or a comment, otherwise the code generates an error. 9
9 Overview of a Basic Program In addition to linking individual lines, in OpenOffice.org Basic you can use colons to divide one line into several sections, so that there is enough space for several expressions. The assignments a = 1 a = a + 1 a = a + 1 can be written as follows: a = 1 : a = a + 1 : a = a + 1 Comments In addition to the program code to be executed, an OpenOffice.org Basic program can also contain comments that explain the individual parts of the program and provide important information that can be helpful at a later point. OpenOffice.org Basic provides two methods for inserting comments in the program code: All characters that follow an apostrophe are treated as comments: Dim A ' This is a comment for variable A The keyword Rem, followed by the comment: Rem This comment is introduced by the keyword Rem. A comment usually includes all characters up to the end of the line. OpenOffice.org Basic then interprets the following line as a regular instruction again. If comments cover several lines, each line must be identified as a comment: Dim B ' This comment for variable B is relatively long ' and stretches over several lines. The ' comment character must therefore be repeated ' in each line. Markers A OpenOffice.org Basic program can contain dozens, hundreds, or even thousands of markers, which are names for variables, constants, functions, and so on. When you select a name for a marker, the following rules apply: Markers can only contain Latin letters, numbers, and underscores (_). The first character of a marker must be a letter or an underscore. Markers cannot contain special characters, such as ä â î ß. The maximum length of a marker is 255 characters. No distinction is made between uppercase and lowercase characters. The OneTestVariable marker, for example, defines the same variable as onetestvariable and ONETESTVARIABLE. There is, however, one exception to this rule: a distinction is made between uppercase and lowercase characters for UNO-API constants. More information about UNO is presented in Introduction to the OpenOffice.org API. Note VBA : The rules for constructing markers are different in OpenOffice.org Basic than in VBA. For example, OpenOffice.org Basic only allows special characters in markers when using Option Compatible, since they can cause problems in international projects. Here are a few examples of correct and incorrect markers: Surname Surname5 First Name DéjàVu 5Surnames First,Name ' Correct ' Correct (number 5 is not the first digit) ' Incorrect (spaces are not permitted) ' Incorrect (letters such as é, à are not permitted) ' Incorrect (the first character must not be a number) ' Incorrect (commas and full stops are not permitted) Enclosing a variable name in square brackets allows names that might otherwise be disallowed; for example, spaces. Dim [First Name] As String 'Space accepted in square brackets Dim [DéjàVu] As Integer 'Special characters in square brackets 10 OpenOffice.org 3.2 BASIC Guide March 2010
10 Overview of a Basic Program [First Name] = "Andrew" [DéjàVu] = 2 Working With Variables Implicit Variable Declaration Basic languages are designed to be easy to use. As a result, OpenOffice.org Basic enables the creation of a variable through simple usage and without an explicit declaration. In other words, a variable exists from the moment that you include it in your code. Depending on the variables that are already present, the following example declares up to three new variables: a = b + c Declaring variables implicitly is not good programming practice because it can result in the inadvertent introduction of a new variable through, for example, a typing error. Instead of producing an error message, the interpreter initializes the typing error as a new variable with a value of 0. It can be very difficult to locate errors of this kind in your code. Explicit Variable Declaration To prevent errors caused by an implicit declaration of variables, OpenOffice.org Basic provides a switch called: Option Explicit This must be listed in the first program line of each module and ensures that an error message is issued if one of the variables used is not declared. The Option Explicit switch should be included in all Basic modules. In its simplest form, the command for an explicit declaration of a variable is as follows: Dim MyVar This example declares a variable with the name MyVar and the type variant. A variant is a universal variable that can record all conceivable values, including strings, whole numbers, floating point figures, and Boolean values. Here are a few examples of Variant variables: MyVar = "Hello World" MyVar = 1 MyVar = 1.0 MyVar = True ' Assignment of a string ' Assignment of a whole number ' Assignment of a floating point number ' Assignment of a Boolean value The variables declared in the previous example can even be used for different variable types in the same program. Although this provides considerable flexibility, it is best to restrict a variable to one variable type. When OpenOffice.org Basic encounters an incorrectly defined variable type in a particular context, an error message is generated. Use the following style when you make a type-bound variable declaration: Dim MyVar As Integer ' Declaration of a variable of the integer type The variable is declared as an integer type and can record whole number values. You can also use the following style to declare an integer type variable: Dim MyVar% ' Declaration of a variable of the integer type The Dim instruction can record several variable declarations: Dim MyVar1, MyVar2 If you want to assign the variables to a permanent type, you must make separate assignments for each variable: Dim MyVar1 As Integer, MyVar2 As Integer If you do not declare the type for a variable, OpenOffice.org Basic assigns the variable a variant type. For Chapter 2 The Language of OpenOffice.org BASIC 11
11 Working With Variables example, in the following variable declaration, MyVar1 becomes a variant and MyVar2 becomes an integer: Dim MyVar1, MyVar2 As Integer The following sections list the variable types that are available in OpenOffice.org Basic and describe how they can be used and declared. Strings Strings, together with numbers, form the most important basic types of OpenOffice.org Basic. A string consists of a sequence of consecutive individual characters. The computer saves the strings internally as a sequence of numbers where each number represents one specific character. From a Set of ASCII Characters to Unicode Character sets match characters in a string with a corresponding code (numbers and characters) in a table that describes how the computer is to display the string. The ASCII Character Set The ASCII character set is a set of codes that represent numbers, characters, and special symbols by one byte. The 0 to 127 ASCII codes correspond to the alphabet and to common symbols (such as periods, parentheses, and commas), as well as some special screen and printer control codes. The ASCII character set is commonly used as a standard format for transferring text data between computers. However, this character set does not include a range of special characters used in Europe, such as â, ä, and î, as well as other character formats, such as the Cyrillic alphabet. The ANSI Character Set Microsoft based its Windows product on the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) character set, which was gradually extended to include characters that are missing from the ASCII character set. Code Pages The ISO 8859 character sets provide an international standard. The first 128 characters of the ISO character set correspond to the ASCII character set. The ISO standard introduces new character sets (code pages) so that more languages can be correctly displayed. However, as a result, the same character value can represent different characters in different languages. Unicode Unicode increases the length of a character to four bytes and combines different character sets to create a standard to depict as many of the world's languages as possible. Version 2.0 of Unicode is now supported by many programs including OpenOffice.org and OpenOffice.org Basic. String Variables OpenOffice.org Basic saves strings as string variables in Unicode. A string variable can store up to OpenOffice.org 3.2 BASIC Guide March 2010
12 Strings characters. Internally, OpenOffice.org Basic saves the associated Unicode value for every character. The working memory needed for a string variable depends on the length of the string. Example declaration of a string variable: Dim Variable As String You can also write this declaration as: Dim Variable$ Note VBA : When porting VBA applications, ensure that the maximum allowed string length in OpenOffice.org Basic is observed (65535 characters). Specification of Explicit Strings To assign an explicit string to a string variable, enclose the string in quotation marks ("). Dim MyString As String MyString = " This is a test" To split a string across two lines of code, add an ampersand sign (the concatenation operator) and the underscore continuation character at the end of the first line: Dim MyString As String MyString = "This string is so long that it " & _ "has been split over two lines." To include a quotation mark (") in a string, enter it twice at the relevant point: Dim MyString As String MyString = "a ""-quotation mark." ' produces a "-quotation mark Numbers OpenOffice.org Basic supports five basic types for processing numbers: Integer Long Integer Single Double Currency Integer Variables Integer variables can store any whole number between and An integer variable can take up to two bytes of memory. The type declaration symbol for an integer variable is %. Calculations that use integer variables are very fast and are particularly useful for loop counters. If you assign a floating point number to an integer variable, the number is rounded up or down to the next whole number. Example declarations for integer variables: Dim Variable As Integer Dim Variable% Long Integer Variables Long integer variables can store any whole number between and A long integer variable can takes up to four bytes of memory. The type declaration symbol for a long integer is &. Calculations Chapter 2 The Language of OpenOffice.org BASIC 13
13 Numbers with long integer variables are very fast and are particularly useful for loop counters. If you assign a floating point number to a long integer variable, the number is rounded up or down to the next whole number. Example declarations for long integer variables: Dim Variable as Long Dim Variable& Single Variables Single variables can store any positive or negative floating point number between x and x A single variable can take up to four bytes of memory. The type declaration symbol for a single variable is!. Originally, single variables were used to reduce the computing time required for the more precise double variables. However, these speed considerations no longer apply, reducing the need for single variables. Example declarations for single variables: Dim Variable as Single Dim Variable! Double Variables Double variables can store any positive or negative floating point numbers between x and x A double variable can take up to eight bytes of memory. Double variables are suitable for precise calculations. The type declaration symbol is #. Example declarations of double variables: Dim Variable As Double Dim Variable# Currency Variables Currency variables differ from the other variable types by the way they handle values. The decimal point is fixed and is followed by four decimal places. The variable can contain up to 15 numbers before the decimal point. A currency variable can store any value between and and takes up to eight bytes of memory. The type declaration symbol for a currency variable Currency variables are mostly intended for business calculations that yield unforeseeable rounding errors due to the use of floating point numbers. Example declarations of currency variables: Dim Variable As Currency Dim Warning The handling of Basic Currency type is not reliable. Issue Issue Issue Issue are still not corrected on OpenOffice.org version Floats The types single, double and currency are often collectively referred to as floats, or floating-point number types. They can contain numerical values with decimal fractions of various length, hence the name: The decimal point seems to be able to 'float' through the number. You can declare variables of the type float. The actual variable type (single, long, currency) is determined the moment a value is assigned to the variable: 14 OpenOffice.org 3.2 BASIC Guide March 2010
14 Numbers Dim A As Float A = Specification of Explicit Numbers Numbers can be presented in several ways, for example, in decimal format or in scientific notation, or even with a different base than the decimal system. The following rules apply to numerical characters in OpenOffice.org Basic: Whole Numbers The simplest method is to work with whole numbers. They are listed in the source text without a comma separating the thousand figure: Dim A As Integer Dim B As Float A = 1210 B = 2438 The numbers can be preceded by both a plus (+) or minus (-) sign (with or without a space in between): Dim A As Integer Dim B As Float A = B = Decimal Numbers When you type a decimal number, use a period (.) as the decimal point. This rule ensures that source texts can be transferred from one country to another without conversion. Dim A As Integer Dim B As Integer Dim C As Float A = B = C = ' is rounded ' is rounded You can also use plus (+) or minus (-) signs as prefixes for decimal numbers (again with or without spaces). If a decimal number is assigned to an integer variable, OpenOffice.org Basic rounds the figure up or down. Exponential Writing Style OpenOffice.org Basic allows numbers to be specified in the exponential writing style, for example, you can write 1.5e-10 for the number 1.5 x ( ). The letter "e" can be lowercase or uppercase with or without a plus sign (+) as a prefix. Here are a few correct and incorrect examples of numbers in exponential format: Dim A As Double A = 1.43E2 ' Correct A = E2 ' Correct (space between plus and basic number) A = E2 ' Correct (space between minus and basic number) A = 1.43E-2 ' Correct (negative exponent) A = 1.43E -2 ' Incorrect (spaces not permitted within the number) A = 1,43E-2 ' Incorrect (commas not permitted as decimal points) A = 1.43E2.2 ' Incorrect (exponent must be a whole number) Note, that in the first and third incorrect examples that no error message is generated even though the variables Chapter 2 The Language of OpenOffice.org BASIC 15
15 Numbers return incorrect values. The expression A = 1.43E -2 is interpreted as 1.43 minus 2, which corresponds to the value However, the value 1.43 x 10-2 (corresponding to ) was the intended value. With the value A = 1.43E2.2 OpenOffice.org Basic ignores the part of the exponent after the decimal point and interprets the expression as A = 1.43E2 Hexadecimal Values In the hexadecimal system (base 16 system), a 2-digit number corresponds to precisely one byte. This allows numbers to be handled in a manner which more closely reflects machine architecture. In the hexadecimal system, the numbers 0 to 9 and the letters A to F are used as numbers. An A stands for the decimal number 10, while the letter F represents the decimal number 15. OpenOffice.org Basic lets you use whole numbered hexadecimal values, so long as they are preceded by &H. Dim A As Long A = &HFF ' Hexadecimal value FF, corresponds to the decimal value 255 A = &H10 ' Hexadecimal value 10, corresponds to the decimal value 16 Octal Values OpenOffice.org Basic also understands the octal system (base 8 system), which uses the numbers 0 to 7. You must use whole numbers that are preceded by &O. Dim A As Long A = &O77 ' Octal value 77, corresponds to the decimal value 63 A = &O10 ' Octal value 10, corresponds to the decimal value 8 Boolean Values Boolean variables can only contain one of two values: True or False. They are suitable for binary specifications that can only adopt one of two statuses. A Boolean value is saved internally as a two-byte integer value, where 0 corresponds to the False and any other value to True. There is no type declaration symbol for Boolean variables. The declaration can only be made using the supplement As Boolean. Example declaration of a Boolean variable: Dim Variable As Boolean Date and Time Date variables can contain date and time values. When saving date values, OpenOffice.org Basic uses an internal format that permits comparisons and mathematical operations on date and time values. There is no type declaration symbol for date variables. The declaration can only be made using the supplement As Date. Example declaration of a date variable: Dim Variable As Date 16 OpenOffice.org 3.2 BASIC Guide March 2010
16 Arrays Arrays In addition to simple variables (scalars), OpenOffice.org Basic also supports arrays (data fields). A data field contains several variables, which are addressed through an index. Defining Arrays Arrays can be defined as follows: Simple Arrays An array declaration is similar to that of a simple variable declaration. However, unlike the variable declaration, the array name is followed by parentheses which contain the specifications for the number of elements. The expression Dim MyArray(3) declares an array that has four variables of the variant data type, namely MyArray(0), MyArray(1), MyArray(2), and MyArray(3). You can also declare type-specific variables in an array. For example, the following line declares an array with four integer variables: Dim MyInteger(3) As Integer In the previous examples, the index for the array always begins with the standard start value of zero. As an alternative, a validity range with start and end values can be specified for the data field declaration. The following example declares a data field that has six integer values and which can be addressed using the indexes 5 to 10: Dim MyInteger(5 To 10) As Integer The indexes do not need to be positive values. The following example also shows a correct declaration, but with negative data field limits: Dim MyInteger(-10 To -5) As Integer It declares an integer data field with 6 values that can be addressed using the indexes -10 to -5. There are no practical limits on the indexes or on the number of elements in an array, so long as there is enough memory: Dim s( to 89000) As String s(-52000) = "aa" s(79999) = "bb" print s(-52000), s(79999) Note VBA : Other limit values sometimes apply for data field indexes in VBA. The same also applies to the maximum number of elements possible per dimension. The values valid there can be found in the relevant VBA documentation. Specified Value for Start Index The start index of a data field usually begins with the value 0. Alternatively, you can change the start index for all data field declarations to the value 1 by using the call: Option Base 1 The call must be included in the header of a module if you want it to apply to all array declarations in the module. However, this call does not affect the UNO sequences that are defined through the OpenOffice.org API whose index always begins with 0. To improve clarity, you should avoid using Option Base 1. The number of elements in an array is not affected if you use Option Base 1, only the start index changes. The declaration Option Base 1 '... Chapter 2 The Language of OpenOffice.org BASIC 17
17 Arrays Dim MyInteger(3) creates 4 integer variables which can be described with the expressions MyInteger(1), MyInteger(2), MyInteger(3), and MyInteger(4). Note VBA : In OpenOffice.org Basic, the expression Option Base 1 does not affect the number of elements in an array as it does in VBA. It is, rather, the start index which moves in OpenOffice.org Basic. While the declaration MyInteger(3) creates three integer values in VBA with the indexes 1 to 3, the same declaration in OpenOffice.org Basic creates four integer values with the indexes 1 to 4. By using Option Compatible, OpenOffice.org Basic behaves like VBA. Multi-Dimensional Data Fields In addition to single dimensional data fields, OpenOffice.org Basic also supports work with multi-dimensional data fields. The corresponding dimensions are separated from one another by commas. The example Dim MyIntArray(5, 5) As Integer defines an integer array with two dimensions, each with 6 indexes (can be addressed through the indexes 0 to 5). The entire array can record a total of 6 x 6 = 36 integer values. You can define hundreds of dimensions in OpenOffice.org Basic Arrays; however, the amount of available memory limits the number of dimensions you can have. Dynamic Changes in the Dimensions of Data Fields The previous examples are based on data fields of a specified dimension. You can also define arrays in which the dimension of the data fields dynamically changes. For example, you can define an array to contain all of the words in a text that begin with the letter A. As the number of these words is initially unknown, you need to be able to subsequently change the field limits. To do this in OpenOffice.org Basic, use the following call: ReDim MyArray(10) Note VBA : Unlike VBA, where you can only dimension dynamic arrays by using Dim MyArray(), OpenOffice.org Basic lets you change both static and dynamic arrays using ReDim. The following example changes the dimension of the initial array so that it can record 11 or 21 values: Dim MyArray(4) As Integer ' Declaration with five elements '... ReDim MyArray(10) As Integer ' Increase to 11 elements '... ReDim MyArray(20) As Integer ' Increase to 21 elements When you reset the dimensions of an array, you can use any of the options outlined in the previous sections. This includes declaring multi-dimensional data fields and specifying explicit start and end values. When the dimensions of the data field are changed, all contents are lost. If you want to keep the original values, use the Preserve command: Dim MyArray(10) As Integer ' Defining the initial ' dimensions '... ReDim Preserve MyArray(20) As Integer ' Increase in ' data field, while ' retaining content When you use Preserve, ensure that the number of dimensions and the type of variables remain the same. Note VBA : Unlike VBA, where only the upper limit of the last dimension of a data field can be changed through Preserve, OpenOffice.org Basic lets you change other dimensions as well. If you use ReDim with Preserve, you must use the same data type as specified in the original data field declaration. 18 OpenOffice.org 3.2 BASIC Guide March 2010
18 Arrays Determining the Dimensions of Data Fields Functions LBound() and UBound() return respectively the lowest permitted index value and the highest permitted index value of an array. This is useful when an array has changed its dimensions. Dim MyArray(10) As Integer '... some instructions Dim n As Integer n = 47 ' could be the result of a computation Redim MyArray(n) As Integer MsgBox(LBound(MyArray)) ' displays : 0 MsgBox(UBound(MyArray)) ' displays : 47 For a multi-dimensional array you need to specify the position (1 to n) of the index you want to know the permitted lower and upper values: Dim MyArray(10, 13 to 28) As Integer MsgBox(LBound(MyArray, 2)) ' displays : 13 MsgBox(UBound(MyArray, 2)) ' displays : 28 Empty arrays In some cases, especially when dealing with the API, you need to declare an empty array. Such array is declared without dimension, but may later be filled by an API function or with a Redim statement: Dim s() As String ' declare an empty array ' --- later in the program... Redim s(13) As String You cannot assign a value to an empty array, since it does not contain any elements. The "signature" of an empty array is that UBound() returns -1 and LBound() returns 0: Dim MyArray() As Integer MsgBox(LBound(MyArray)) ' displays : 0 MsgBox(UBound(MyArray)) ' displays : -1 Some API functions return an array containing elements (indexed from zero) or return an empty array. Use UBound() to check if the returned array is empty. Defining values for arrays Values for the Array fields can be stored like this: MyArray(0) = "somevalue" Accessing Arrays Accessing values in an array works like this: MsgBox("Value:" & MyArray(0)) Array Creation, value assignment and access example And example containing all steps that show real array usage: Sub TestArrayAxess Dim MyArray(3) MyArray(0) = "lala" MsgBox("Value:" & MyArray(0))End Sub Chapter 2 The Language of OpenOffice.org BASIC 19
19 Scope and Life Span of Variables Scope and Life Span of Variables A variable in OpenOffice.org Basic has a limited life span and a limited scope from which it can be read and used in other program fragments. The amount of time that a variable is retained, as well as where it can be accessed from, depends on its specified location and type. Local Variables Variables that are declared in a function or a procedure are called local variables: Sub Test Dim MyInteger As Integer '... End Sub Local variables only remain valid as long as the function or the procedure is executing, and then are reset to zero. Each time the function is called, the values generated previously are not available. To keep the previous values, you must define the variable as Static: Sub Test Static MyInteger As Integer '... End Sub Note VBA : Unlike VBA, OpenOffice.org Basic ensures that the name of a local variable is not used simultaneously as a global and a private variable in the module header. When you port a VBA application to OpenOffice.org Basic, you must change any duplicate variable names. Public Domain Variables Public domain variables are defined in the header section of a module by the keyword Dim. These variables are available to all of the modules in their library: Module A: Dim A As Integer Sub Test Flip Flop End Sub Sub Flip A = A + 1 End Sub Module B: Sub Flop A = A - 1 End Sub The value of variable A is not changed by the Test function, but is increased by one in the Flip function and decreased by one in the Flop function. Both of these changes to the variable are global. You can also use the keyword Public instead of Dim to declare a public domain variable: Public A As Integer A public domain variable is only available so long as the associated macro is executing and then the variable is reset. 20 OpenOffice.org 3.2 BASIC Guide March 2010
20 Scope and Life Span of Variables Global Variables In terms of their function, global variables are similar to public domain variables, except that their values are retained even after the associated macro has executed. Global variables are declared in the header section of a module using the keyword Global: Global A As Integer Private Variables Private variables are only available in the module in which they are defined. Use the keyword Private to define the variable: Private MyInteger As Integer If several modules contain a Private variable with the same name, OpenOffice.org Basic creates a different variable for each occurrence of the name. In the following example, both module A and B have a Private variable called C. The Test function first sets the Private variable in module A and then the Private variable in module B. Module A: Private C As Integer Sub Test SetModuleA ' Sets the variable C from module A SetModuleB ' Sets the variable C from module B ShowVarA ' Shows the variable C from module A (= 10) ShowVarB ' Shows the variable C from module B (= 20) End Sub Sub SetModuleA C = 10 End Sub Sub ShowVarA MsgBox C ' Shows the variable C from module A. End Sub Module B: Private C As Integer Sub SetModuleB C = 20 End Sub Sub ShowVarB MsgBox C ' Shows the variable C from module B. End Sub Keep in mind that ShowVarB only shows the expected value of C (20) because Sub Test is keeping it in scope. If the calls to SetModuleB and ShowVarB are independent, e.g. SetModuleB is triggered from one toolbar button and ShowVarB is triggered from another toolbar button, then ShowVarB will display a C value of 0 since module variables are reset after each macro completion. Constants Constants are values which may be used but not changed by the program. Defining Constants In OpenOffice.org Basic, use the keyword Const to declare a constant. Chapter 2 The Language of OpenOffice.org BASIC 21
OpenOffice.org 3.1 BASIC Guide
OpenOffice.org 3.1 BASIC Guide Copyright This document is published under the PDL. See: http://www.openoffice.org/licenses/ PDL.html Contents Copyright...2 Preface...9 1 OpenOffice.org BASIC ProgrammingMore information
OpenOffice.org BASIC Guide
OpenOffice.org BASIC Guide PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit see http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information OpenOffice.org BASIC Programming Guide 2 OpenOffice. org BASIC ProgrammingMore information
A First Book of C++ Chapter 2 Data Types, Declarations, and Displays
A First Book of C++ Chapter 2 Data Types, Declarations, and Displays Objectives In this chapter, you will learn about: Data Types Arithmetic Operators Variables and Declarations Common Programming ErrorsMore information
Access Tutorial 12: An Introduction to Visual Basic
Access Tutorial 12: An Introduction to Visual Basic 12.1 Introduction: Learning the basics of programming Programming can be an enormously complex and difficult activity. Or it can be quite straightforward.More information
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO FLOWCHARTING 1.0 Objectives 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Flowcharts 1.3 Types of Flowcharts 1.3.1 Types of flowchart 1.3.2 System flowcharts 1.4 Flowchart Symbols 1.5 Advantages of FlowchartsMore information
Name: Class: Date: 9. The compiler ignores all comments they are there strictly for the convenience of anyone reading the program.
Name: Class: Date: Exam #1 - Prep True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. Programming is the process of writing a computer program in a language that the computer can respond toMore information
Chapter 2: Problem Solving Using C++
Chapter 2: Problem Solving Using C++ 1 Objectives In this chapter, you will learn about: Modular programs Programming style Data types Arithmetic operations Variables and declaration statements CommonMore information
Moving from CS 61A Scheme to CS 61B Java
Moving from CS 61A Scheme to CS 61B Java Introduction Java is an object-oriented language. This document describes some of the differences between object-oriented programming in Scheme (which we hope youMore information
Bachelors of Computer Application Programming Principle & Algorithm (BCA-S102T)
Unit- I Introduction to c Language: C is a general-purpose computer programming language developed between 1969 and 1973 by Dennis Ritchie at the Bell Telephone Laboratories for use with the Unix operatingMore information
StarOffice TM 6.0 Office Suite
StarOffice TM 6.0 Office Suite A Sun TM ONE Software Offering Basic Programmer's Guide Sun Microsystems, Inc. 4150 Network Circle Santa Clara, CA 95054 U.S.A. 650-960-1300 Part No. 817-1826-10 July 2003,More information
The programming language C. sws1 1
The programming language C sws1 1 The programming language C invented by Dennis Ritchie in early 1970s who used it to write the first Hello World program C was used to write UNIX Standardised as K&C (KernighanMore information
VB.NET Programming Fundamentals
Chapter 3 Objectives Programming Fundamentals In this chapter, you will: Learn about the programming language Write a module definition Use variables and data types Compute with Write decision-making statementsMore information
The VBA Programming Language
CHAPTER 2 The VBA Programming Language TO BECOME PROFICIENT IN DEVELOPING ArcObjects macros and applications, you need to first become fluent in the VBA programming language. This chapter presents VBAMore information
Chapter 8. Arithmetic in C++
Christian Jacob Chapter 8 Arithmetic in C++ 8.1 The C++ Vocabulary 8.2 Variables and Types 8.2.1 Data Objects 8.2.2 Variables 8.2.3 Declaration of Variables 8.3 Elementary C++ Data Types 8.3.1 IntegersMore information
Informatica e Sistemi in Tempo Reale
Informatica e Sistemi in Tempo Reale Introduction to C programming Giuseppe Lipari http://retis.sssup.it/~lipari Scuola Superiore Sant Anna Pisa October 25, 2010 G. Lipari (Scuola Superiore Sant Anna)More information
Adjusted/Modified by Nicole Tobias. Chapter 2: Basic Elements of C++
Adjusted/Modified by Nicole Tobias Chapter 2: Basic Elements of C++ Objectives In this chapter, you will: Become familiar with functions, special symbols, and identifiers in C++ Explore simple data typesMore information
Pemrograman Dasar. Basic Elements Of Java
Pemrograman Dasar Basic Elements Of Java Compiling and Running a Java Application 2 Portable Java Application 3 Java Platform Platform: hardware or software environment in which a program runs. OracleMore information
Primitive Data Types Summer 2010 Margaret Reid-Miller
Primitive Data Types 15-110 Summer 2010 Margaret Reid-Miller Data Types Data stored in memory is a string of bits (0 or 1). What does 1000010 mean? 66? 'B'? 9.2E-44? How the computer interprets the stringMore information
Exercise 4 Learning Python language fundamentals
Exercise 4 Learning Python language fundamentals Work with numbers Python can be used as a powerful calculator. Practicing math calculations in Python will help you not only perform these tasks, but alsoMore information
Access Queries (Office 2003)
Access Queries (Office 2003) Technical Support Services Office of Information Technology, West Virginia University OIT Help Desk 293-4444 x 1 oit.wvu.edu/support/training/classmat/db/ Instructor: KathyMore information
JavaScript: Introduction to Scripting. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
1 6 JavaScript: Introduction to Scripting 2 Comment is free, but facts are sacred. C. P. Scott The creditor hath a better memory than the debtor. James Howell When faced with a decision, I always ask,More information
Topics. Parts of a Java Program. Topics (2) CS 146. Introduction To Computers And Java Chapter Objectives To understand:
Introduction to Programming and Algorithms Module 2 CS 146 Sam Houston State University Dr. Tim McGuire Introduction To Computers And Java Chapter Objectives To understand: the meaning and placement ofMore information
Microsoft Access 3: Understanding and Creating Queries
Microsoft Access 3: Understanding and Creating Queries In Access Level 2, we learned how to perform basic data retrievals by using Search & Replace functions and Sort & Filter functions. For more complexMore information
Programming in Access VBA
PART I Programming in Access VBA In this part, you will learn all about how Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) works for Access 2010. A number of new VBA features have been incorporated into the 2010More information
Hands-on Exercise 1: VBA Coding Basics
Hands-on Exercise 1: VBA Coding Basics This exercise introduces the basics of coding in Access VBA. The concepts you will practise in this exercise are essential for successfully completing subsequentMore information
MS Access: Advanced Tables and Queries. Lesson Notes Author: Pamela Schmidt
Lesson Notes Author: Pamela Schmidt Tables Text Fields (Default) Text or combinations of text and numbers, as well as numbers that don't require calculations, such as phone numbers. or the length set byMore information
VISUAL GUIDE to. RX Scripting. for Roulette Xtreme - System Designer 2.0
VISUAL GUIDE to RX Scripting for Roulette Xtreme - System Designer 2.0 UX Software - 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION... ii What is this book about?... iii How to use this book... iii Time to start...More information
We will learn the Python programming language. Why? Because it is easy to learn and many people write programs in Python so we can share.
LING115 Lecture Note Session #4 Python (1) 1. Introduction As we have seen in previous sessions, we can use Linux shell commands to do simple text processing. We now know, for example, how to count words.More information
Final Exam Review: VBA
Engineering Fundamentals ENG1100 - Session 14B Final Exam Review: VBA 1 //coe/dfs/home/engclasses/eng1101/f03/ethics/en1.e05.finalcoursewrapup.sxi Final Programming Exam Topics Flowcharts Assigning VariablesMore information
Activity 1: Bits and Bytes
ICS3U (Java): Introduction to Computer Science, Grade 11, University Preparation Activity 1: Bits and Bytes The Binary Number System Computers use electrical circuits that include many transistors andMore information
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Exam Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) The JDK command to compile a class in the file Test.java is A) java Test.java B) javaMore information
Welcome to Introduction to programming in Python
Welcome to Introduction to programming in Python Suffolk One, Ipswich, 4:30 to 6:00 Tuesday Jan 14, Jan 21, Jan 28, Feb 11 Welcome Fire exits Toilets Refreshments 1 Learning objectives of the course AnMore information
Object Oriented Software Design
Object Oriented Software Design Introduction to Java - II Giuseppe Lipari http://retis.sssup.it/~lipari Scuola Superiore Sant Anna Pisa October 28, 2010 G. Lipari (Scuola Superiore Sant Anna) IntroductionMore information
PL/SQL Overview. Basic Structure and Syntax of PL/SQL
PL/SQL Overview PL/SQL is Procedural Language extension to SQL. It is loosely based on Ada (a variant of Pascal developed for the US Dept of Defense). PL/SQL was first released in ١٩٩٢ as an optional extensionMore information
The C Programming Language course syllabus associate level
TECHNOLOGIES The C Programming Language course syllabus associate level Course description The course fully covers the basics of programming in the C programming language and demonstrates fundamental programmingMore information
MS Access Lab 2. Topic: Tables
MS Access Lab 2 Topic: Tables Summary Introduction: Tables, Start to build a new database Creating Tables: Datasheet View, Design View Working with Data: Sorting, Filtering Help on Tables IntroductionMore information
Utility Software II lab 1 Jacek Wiślicki, email@example.com original material by Hubert Kołodziejski
MS ACCESS - INTRODUCTION MS Access is an example of a relational database. It allows to build and maintain small and medium-sized databases and to supply them with a graphical user interface. The aim ofMore information
.NET Standard DateTime Format Strings
.NET Standard DateTime Format Strings Specifier Name Description d Short date pattern Represents a custom DateTime format string defined by the current ShortDatePattern property. D Long date pattern RepresentsMore information
Chapter 2: Basic Elements of C++
Chapter 2: Basic Elements of C++ Objectives In this chapter, you will: Become familiar with functions, special symbols, and identifiers in C++ Explore simple data types Discover how a program evaluatesMore information
C++ Language Tutorial
cplusplus.com C++ Language Tutorial Written by: Juan Soulié Last revision: June, 2007 Available online at: http://www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/ The online version is constantly revised and may containMore information
Visual Basic Programming. An Introduction
Visual Basic Programming An Introduction Why Visual Basic? Programming for the Windows User Interface is extremely complicated. Other Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) are no better. Visual Basic providesMore information
Object Oriented Software Design
Object Oriented Software Design Introduction to Java - II Giuseppe Lipari http://retis.sssup.it/~lipari Scuola Superiore Sant Anna Pisa September 14, 2011 G. Lipari (Scuola Superiore Sant Anna) IntroductionMore information
I PUC - Computer Science. Practical s Syllabus. Contents
I PUC - Computer Science Practical s Syllabus Contents Topics 1 Overview Of a Computer 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Functional Components of a computer (Working of each unit) 1.3 Evolution Of Computers 1.4 GenerationsMore information
Introduction to Programming (in C++) Data types and visibility. Jordi Cortadella, Ricard Gavaldà, Fernando Orejas Dept. Computer Science, UPC
Introduction to Programming (in C++) Data types and visibility Jordi Cortadella, Ricard Gavaldà, Fernando Orejas Dept. Computer Science, UPC Outline Data types Type conversion Visibility Introduction toMore information
Introduction to Java Applications. 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
1 2 Introduction to Java Applications 2.2 First Program in Java: Printing a Line of Text 2 Application Executes when you use the java command to launch the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) Sample program DisplaysMore information
SQL Server An Overview
SQL Server An Overview SQL Server Microsoft SQL Server is designed to work effectively in a number of environments: As a two-tier or multi-tier client/server database system As a desktop database systemMore information
PL / SQL Basics. Chapter 3
PL / SQL Basics Chapter 3 PL / SQL Basics PL / SQL block Lexical units Variable declarations PL / SQL types Expressions and operators PL / SQL control structures PL / SQL style guide 2 PL / SQL Block BasicMore information
Visual basic tutorial problems, developed by Dr. Clement,
EXCEL Visual Basic Tutorial Problems (Version January, 2011) Dr. Prabhakar Clement Arthur H. Feagin Distinguished Chair Professor Department of Civil Engineering, Auburn University Home page: http://www.eng.auburn.edu/users/clemept/More information
Handout 1. Introduction to Java programming language. Java primitive types and operations. Reading keyboard Input using class Scanner.
Handout 1 CS603 Object-Oriented Programming Fall 15 Page 1 of 11 Handout 1 Introduction to Java programming language. Java primitive types and operations. Reading keyboard Input using class Scanner. JavaMore information
A Programming Language for Mechanical Translation Victor H. Yngve, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
[Mechanical Translation, vol.5, no.1, July 1958; pp. 25-41] A Programming Language for Mechanical Translation Victor H. Yngve, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts A notationalMore information
Module 3: Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) Bruno Abreu Calfa. Last Update: April 4, MS Excel and VBA. Front Matter.
MS Excel and Module 3: Visual Basic for () Bruno Abreu Calfa Last Update: April 4, 2012 1 / 35 Outline 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 2 / 35 Outline 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 3 / 35 Why? Visual Basic for () is a programming languageMore information
The Fundamentals of C++
The Fundamentals of C++ Basic programming elements and concepts JPC and JWD 2002 McGraw-Hill, Inc. Program Organization Program statement Definition Declaration Action Executable unit Named set of programMore information
CS 16: Assembly Language Programming for the IBM PC and Compatibles
CS 16: Assembly Language Programming for the IBM PC and Compatibles First, a little about you Your name Have you ever worked with/used/played with assembly language? If so, talk about it Why are you takingMore information
A Brief Introduction to MySQL
A Brief Introduction to MySQL by Derek Schuurman Introduction to Databases A database is a structured collection of logically related data. One common type of database is the relational database, a termMore information
Microsoft Dynamics GP. SmartList Builder User s Guide With Excel Report Builder
Microsoft Dynamics GP SmartList Builder User s Guide With Excel Report Builder Copyright Copyright 2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Complying with all applicable copyright laws is the responsibilityMore information
Sources: On the Web: Slides will be available on:
C programming Introduction The basics of algorithms Structure of a C code, compilation step Constant, variable type, variable scope Expression and operators: assignment, arithmetic operators, comparison,More information
Number Representation
Number Representation CS10001: Programming & Data Structures Pallab Dasgupta Professor, Dept. of Computer Sc. & Engg., Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Topics to be Discussed How are numeric dataMore information
Programming Fundamental. Instructor Name: Lecture-2
Programming Fundamental Instructor Name: Lecture-2 Today s Lecture What is Programming? First C++ Program Programming Errors Variables in C++ Primitive Data Types in C++ Operators in C++ Operators PrecedenceMore information
Visual Logic Instructions and Assignments
Visual Logic Instructions and Assignments Visual Logic can be installed from the CD that accompanies our textbook. It is a nifty tool for creating program flowcharts, but that is only half of the story.More information
RIT Installation Instructions
RIT User Guide Build 1.00 RIT Installation Instructions Table of Contents Introduction... 2 Introduction to Excel VBA (Developer)... 3 API Commands for RIT... 11 RIT API Initialization... 12 AlgorithmicMore information
2. Compressing data to reduce the amount of transmitted data (e.g., to save money).
Presentation Layer The presentation layer is concerned with preserving the meaning of information sent across a network. The presentation layer may represent (encode) the data in various ways (e.g., dataMore information
National Database System (NDS-32) Macro Programming Standards For Microsoft Word Annex - 8
National Database System () Macro Programming Standards For Microsoft Word Annex - 8 02/28/2000 /10:23 AM ver.1.0.0 Doc. Id: RNMSWS softcopy : word page : 1/6 Objectives A well-defined system needs toMore information
Excel & Visual Basic for Applications (VBA)
Excel & Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) Object-oriented programming (OOP) Procedures: Subs and Functions, layout VBA: data types, variables, assignment 1 Traits of Engineers Florman s Engineering ViewMore information
Ed. v1.0 PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES WORKING PAPER DRAFT PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES. Ed. v1.0
i PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES ii Copyright 2011 Juhász István iii COLLABORATORS TITLE : PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES ACTION NAME DATE SIGNATURE WRITTEN BY István Juhász 2012. március 26. Reviewed by Ágnes Korotij 2012.More information
Chapter 2: Elements of Java
Chapter 2: Elements of Java Basic components of a Java program Primitive data types Arithmetic expressions Type casting. The String type (introduction) Basic I/O statements Importing packages. 1 IntroductionMore information
Applications Development
Paper 21-25 Using SAS Software and Visual Basic for Applications to Automate Tasks in Microsoft Word: An Alternative to Dynamic Data Exchange Mark Stetz, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA ABSTRACT Using DynamicMore information
VBScript: Condition Statement
C h a p t e r 4 VBScript: Condition Statement In this chapter, you will learn how to use the following VBScript functions to World Class standards: 1. Writing Math Equations in VBScripts 2. Beginning aMore information
Java Interview Questions and Answers
1. What is the most important feature of Java? Java is a platform independent language. 2. What do you mean by platform independence? Platform independence means that we can write and compile the javaMore information
Formatting Variables in C-Max 2.0
Formatting Variables in C-Max 2.0 One of the many new features in C-Max 2.0 is the enhanced formatting now available for variables. This new capability is available in two distinct areas of variable usage:More information
Microsoft Access is an outstanding environment for both database users and professional. Introduction to Microsoft Access and Programming SESSION
539752 ch01.qxd 9/9/03 11:38 PM Page 5 SESSION 1 Introduction to Microsoft Access and Programming Session Checklist Understanding what programming is Using the Visual Basic language Programming for theMore information
C Programming Dr. Hasan Demirel
C How to Program, H. M. Deitel and P. J. Deitel, Prentice Hall, 5 th edition (3 rd edition or above is also OK). Introduction to C Programming Dr. Hasan Demirel Programming Languages There are three typesMore information
Programming Database lectures for mathema
Programming Database lectures for mathematics students April 25, 2015 Functions Functions are defined in Postgres with CREATE FUNCTION name(parameter type,...) RETURNS result-type AS $$ function-body $$More information
DATA 301 Introduction to Data Analytics Microsoft Excel VBA. Dr. Ramon Lawrence University of British Columbia Okanagan
DATA 301 Introduction to Data Analytics Microsoft Excel VBA Dr. Ramon Lawrence University of British Columbia Okanagan firstname.lastname@example.com DATA 301: Data Analytics (2) Why Microsoft Excel Visual BasicMore information
Differences in Use between Calc and Excel
Differences in Use between Calc and Excel Title: Differences in Use between Calc and Excel: Version: 1.0 First edition: October 2004 Contents Overview... 3 Copyright and trademark information... 3 Feedback...3More information
TRANSITION FROM TEACHING VB6 TO VB.NET Azad Ali, Butler County Community College email@example.com David Wood, Robert Morris University email@example.com ABSTRACT The upgrade of Microsoft Visual Basic from versionMore information
Common C Errors. Compiled by: Leela Kamalesh Yadlapalli
Common C Errors Compiled by: Leela Kamalesh Yadlapalli This document shows some of the common errors and warnings that you may encounter during this class. Always remember to use the Wall option if youMore information
6.170 Tutorial 3 - Ruby Basics
6.170 Tutorial 3 - Ruby Basics Prerequisites 1. Have Ruby installed on your computer a. If you use Mac/Linux, Ruby should already be preinstalled on your machine. b. If you have a Windows Machine, youMore information
CS 2112 Spring 2014. 0 Instructions. Assignment 3 Data Structures and Web Filtering. 0.1 Grading. 0.2 Partners. 0.3 Restrictions
CS 2112 Spring 2014 Assignment 3 Data Structures and Web Filtering Due: March 4, 2014 11:59 PM Implementing spam blacklists and web filters requires matching candidate domain names and URLs very rapidlyMore information
3 Data Properties and Validation Rules
3 Data Properties and Validation Rules 3.1 INTRODUCTION Once a database table has been created and the fields named and the type of data which is to be stored in the field chosen, you can make furtherMore information
Variables are nothing but reserved memory locations to store values. This means that when you create a variable you reserve some space in memory.
JAVA TYPES BASIC DATA TYPES GENERAL Variables are nothing but reserved memory locations to store values. This means that when you create a variable you reserve some space in memory. Based on the data typeMore information
Perl in a nutshell. First CGI Script and Perl. Creating a Link to a Script. print Function. Parsing Data 4/27/2009. First CGI Script and Perl
First CGI Script and Perl Perl in a nutshell Prof. Rasley shebang line tells the operating system where the Perl interpreter is located necessary on UNIX comment line ignored by the Perl interpreter EndMore information
A Basic introduction to Microsoft Access
A Basic introduction to Microsoft Access By Ojango J.M.K Department of Animal Sciences, Egerton University, Njoro, Kenya and International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya Ms Access is a databaseMore information
Eventia Log Parsing Editor 1.0 Administration Guide
Eventia Log Parsing Editor 1.0 Administration Guide Revised: November 28, 2007 In This Document Overview page 2 Installation and Supported Platforms page 4 Menus and Main Window page 5 Creating ParsingMore information
Part 1 Foundations of object orientation
OFWJ_C01.QXD 2/3/06 2:14 pm Page 1 Part 1 Foundations of object orientation OFWJ_C01.QXD 2/3/06 2:14 pm Page 2 1 OFWJ_C01.QXD 2/3/06 2:14 pm Page 3 CHAPTER 1 Objects and classes Main concepts discussedMore information
Embedded Systems. Review of ANSI C Topics. A Review of ANSI C and Considerations for Embedded C Programming. Basic features of C
Embedded Systems A Review of ANSI C and Considerations for Embedded C Programming Dr. Jeff Jackson Lecture 2-1 Review of ANSI C Topics Basic features of C C fundamentals Basic data types Expressions SelectionMore information
Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology Program of Studies Foundations of Computer Science. Unit of Study / Textbook Correlation
Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology Program of Studies Foundations of Computer Science updated 03/08/2012 Unit 1: JKarel 8 weeks http://www.fcps.edu/is/pos/documents/hs/compsci.htmMore information
Computers. An Introduction to Programming with Python. Programming Languages. Programs and Programming. CCHSG Visit June 2014. Dr.-Ing.
Computers An Introduction to Programming with Python CCHSG Visit June 2014 Dr.-Ing. Norbert Völker Many computing devices are embedded Can you think of computers/ computing devices you may have in yourMore information
Introduction to Python
WEEK ONE Introduction to Python Python is such a simple language to learn that we can throw away the manual and start with an example. Traditionally, the first program to write in any programming languageMore information
Data Integrator. Pervasive Software, Inc. 12365-B Riata Trace Parkway Austin, Texas 78727 USA
Data Integrator Event Management Guide Pervasive Software, Inc. 12365-B Riata Trace Parkway Austin, Texas 78727 USA Telephone: 888.296.5969 or 512.231.6000 Fax: 512.231.6010 Email: email@example.com information
X1 Professional Client
X1 Professional Client What Will X1 Do For Me? X1 instantly locates any word in any email message, attachment, file or Outlook contact on your PC. Most search applications require you to type a search,More information
Original editado por Roberto Mirelman (http://www.mirelman.com)
Original http://wwwexcelfunctionsnet editado por Roberto Mirelman (http://wwwmirelmancom) Contenido 1 Excel VBA Tutorial Part 1 - VBA Code Presentation 3 11 Comments 3 12 Code Indentation 4 13 Line BreaksMore information
1 External Model Access
1 External Model Access Function List The EMA package contains the following functions. Ema_Init() on page MFA-1-110 Ema_Model_Attr_Add() on page MFA-1-114 Ema_Model_Attr_Get() on page MFA-1-115 Ema_Model_Attr_Nth()More information
Exercise 1: Python Language Basics
Exercise 1: Python Language Basics In this exercise we will cover the basic principles of the Python language. All languages have a standard set of functionality including the ability to comment code,More information
Chapter 2.3: VBA Primer. Barry L. Nelson Northwestern University December 2012
Chapter 2.3: VBA Primer Barry L. Nelson Northwestern University December 2012 1 Visual Basic for Applications VBA a significant subset of the stand alone Visual Basic programming language It is integratedMore information
Translating to Java. Translation. Input. Many Level Translations. read, get, input, ask, request. Requirements Design Algorithm Java Machine Language
Translation Translating to Java Introduction to Computer Programming The job of a programmer is to translate a problem description into a computer language. You need to be able to convert a problem descriptionMore information
12 INPUT AND OUTPUT OF DATA 12.1 INTRODUCTION In C language input and output of data is done by a collection of library functions like getchar, putchar, scanf, printf, gets and puts. These functions permitMore information
- 1 - GETTING STARTED WITH C++ Programming is a core activity in the process of performing tasks or solving problems with the aid of a computer. An idealised picture is: PROBLEM COMPUTER SOLUTION UnfortunatelyMore information
Data Tool Platform SQL Development Tools
Data Tool Platform SQL Development Tools ekapner Contents Setting SQL Development Preferences...5 Execution Plan View Options Preferences...5 General Preferences...5 Label Decorations Preferences...6More information
C++ Basics. C++ Basics: Names: Identifiers. Names: Identifiers. Display 2.1 A C++ Program (1 of 2) Display 2.1 A C++ Program (2 of 2)
C++ Basics C++ Basics: 2.1 Variables and Assignments Variables and Assignments Input and Output Data Types and Expressions Simple Flow of Control Program Style A C++ variable can hold a number or otherMore information
Java Application Developer Certificate Program Competencies
Java Application Developer Certificate Program Competencies After completing the following units, you will be able to: Basic Programming Logic Explain the steps involved in the program development cycleMore information


text:
The 70th Annual Golden Globe Awards Will Air Live On NBC, January 13, 201308/21/2012
UNIVERSAL CITY, Calif. – August 21, 2012 –The Hollywood Foreign Press Association (HFPA) and producer dick clark productions (dcp) present "The 70th Annual Golden Globe Awards" live on Sunday, January 13, 2013. Next year's show will air live on NBC coast-to-coast from 5-8 p.m (PT) and 8-11 p.m. (ET) from the Beverly Hilton in Beverly Hills.
The Hollywood Foreign Press Association, dick clark productions and NBC made the announcement today.
Nominations for "The 70th Annual Golden Globe Awards" will be announced at 8 a.m. (ET) on Thursday, December 13.
Produced by dick clark productions in association with the HFPA, The Golden Globe Awards are viewed in more than 160 countries worldwide and are one of the few awards ceremonies to include both motion picture and television achievements. The 2012 "Golden Globe Awards" averaged 16.9 million viewers, which was the biggest audience for ABC, CBS, NBC or Fox in the time period, excluding sports, since the prior year's Academy Awards.
A timeline of upcoming events follows:
Friday, October 26, 2012
Final date for press conferences for Television entries
Thursday, November 1, 2012
Cecil B. DeMille Award Announcement
Friday, November 2, 2012
Deadline for submission for Golden Globe Motion Picture and Television entry forms
Friday, November 16, 2012
Deadline for submitting a media or publicist credential request for the Nominations Announcement ceremony
Thursday, November 29, 2012
Deadline for nomination ballots to be mailed to all HFPA members by Ernst & Young
Wednesday, December 5, 2012
Final screening date for Motion Pictures
Thursday, December 6, 2012
Final date for Motion Picture press conferences
Monday, December 10, 2012
Deadline for receipt of nomination ballots by Ernst & Young
Thursday, December 13, 2012
Announcement of nominations for "The 70th Annual Golden Globe® Awards" at 5 a.m./PT and 8 a.m. ET
Friday, December 14, 2012
Deadline for receipt of media credential applications for "The 70th Annual Golden Globe® Awards"
Monday, December 24, 2012
Final ballots mailed to all HFPA members
Friday, December 28, 2012
Deadline for receipt of publicist credential applications for the "70th Annual Golden Globe® Awards"
Wednesday, January 9, 2013
Deadline for receipt of final ballots by Ernst & Young
Sunday, January 13, 2013
Presentation of "The 70th Annual Golden Globe® Awards"
Timetable is also available online at www.goldenglobes.org/timetable.
Produced by dick clark productions in association with the HFPA, the Golden Globe® Awards are viewed in more than 160 countries worldwide and are one of the few awards ceremonies to include both motion picture and television achievements.
For more information, please visit www.goldenglobes.org, and follow us on Twitter (@goldenglobes) and Facebook (www.facebook.com/goldenglobes) for exclusive celebrity videos and up to the minute Golden Globes news!
About the Hollywood Foreign Press Association:
Founded in the 1940s during World War II, the HFPA was originally comprised of a handful of LA based overseas journalists who sought to bridge the international community with Hollywood, and to provide distraction from the hardships of war through film. Sixty-eight years later, members of the HFPA represent 55 countries with a combined readership of 250 million in some of the world's most respected publications. Each year, the organization holds the third most watched awards show on television, the Golden Globe Awards, which have enabled the organization to donate more than $15 million to entertainment related charities and scholarship programs.
About dick clark productions, inc.:
Founded in 1957, dick clark productions, inc. (dcp) is a leading independent producer of television programming. dcp produces perennial hits such as the "American Music Awards," "Golden Globe Awards," "Academy of Country Music Awards," and "Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve with Ryan Seacrest." dcp also produces popular weekly television programming, including "So You Think You Can Dance," and owns and maintains one of the world's most unique and extensive entertainment libraries, which includes more than 30 years of "American Bandstand" footage. For additional information about dcp, please visit www.dickclarkproductions.com.
Similar posts
Under The Dome 2x12 Turn Promo and Synopsis
Under The Dome 2x12 Turn Promo and Synopsis Here's the new promo for the next episode of Un...
Arrow 2x22 Streets Of Fire First Look Pics
Arrow 2x22 Streets Of Fire First Look Pics Here are the official Promotional Pictures from t...
Reign 1x20 Higher Ground Clip
Reign 1x20 Higher Ground Clip Tonight on Reign 1x20 Higher Ground watch Queen Catherine conf...
The Walking Dead Chandler Riggs Comic Con Interview This is an interview of Chandler Riggs w...

subset: commoncrawl


text:
What is JotForm?
JotForm is a free online form builder which helps you create online forms without writing a single line of code. No sign-up required.
At JotForm, we want to make sure that you're getting the online form builder help that you need. Our friendly customer support team is available 24/7.
We believe that if one user has a question, there could be more users who may have the same question. This is why many of our support forum threads are public and available to be searched and viewed. If you'd like help immediately, feel free to search for a similar question, or submit your question or concern.
Is there a function for conditional questions that allows for multiple negative and multiple positive answers to a question?Asked by MedCenterDisplay on March 30, 2015 at 12:28 PM
We build surveys for our clients to post on their websites. We were using a previous system that allowed us to assign a positive or negative attribute to each multiple choice question option. If any negative responses were given, the client would receive an email stating a negative survey had been completed. Likewise if all positive responses were given, the client would receive an email stating a positive survey had been completed
If the person taking the survey gave all positive responses, they would receive an email asking to give more feedback. If they gave any negative responses, that email was not sent since we don't want to encourage bad reviews online.
Is this function possible with JotForm? I found a way to make this work with one positive condition and one negative condition for each question, but not multiple positive or negative conditions.
1. How courteous and professional was our staff?
a. Extremely courteous and professional (This is a positive response)
b. Somewhat courteous and professional (This is a positive response)
c. Not very courteous and professional (This is a negative response)
d. Not at all (This is a negative response)
I couldn't figure out how to add conditions to this to make this work across multiple questions.
Please let me know if you need further clarification.
JotForm Support
You should be able to accomplish this by configuring Send Email After Submission condition. We have this detailed here:
So, you will have to create:
a. One notifier for positive feedback, for the client.
b. One notifier for negative feedback, for the client.
c. One autoresponder for positive feedback sent to the person submitting the form.
When setting up the conditional logic, you can add multiple rules in a single conditional logic. For example:
Just do the same for the negative response.
Let us know if you need further assistance implementing this to your form.


text:
This property is no longer available.Search for Available Property.
34.27 acres in Augusta County, Virginia
Attention Investors/Developers!!! Drastic Price Reduction on 34.272 Acres in Northen Augusta County. Would make a great neighborhood being a good Hub being situated between the City of Harrisonburg and City of Staunton. Residential Development potential being in the Augusta County Comprehensive Plan. Public Utilities Available. Currently improved with Brick Ranch , Barn and Misc. Out Buildings which are being sold "AS IS" "WHERE IS." Invision the Endless Possibilities that this property holds! Call Today for More Information...
Interstate 81 to Weyers Cave Exit; East on Weyers Cave Road to Stop Light, Left onto Keezletown Road; Property will be on the Left after Bluestone Drive; Look for Sign!!
Tax Data (Show Tax Data)
Tax data is not available for this listing.
Contact the Seller for more information.
Other Land for Sale in Augusta County
NOTE: The information contained herein is provided as general information only and has been obtained from sources deemed reliable. It is provided without any guaranty, warranty or representation, expressed or implied, made by Lands of America, or any related entity, as to the accuracy or completeness of the information. The information is presented subject to errors, omissions, change of price or conditions, prior sale or withdrawal without notice. Prospective purchasers should make their own investigations, projections and conclusions concerning the information.


text:
Sold Out - $12.99
Here at FCS, it doesn't take a whole lot to talk us into a cocktail -- or two! Whether it's Jello shots for inspiration, or Justin's homemade brews, we're no strangers to the idea that "It's 5 o'clock Somewhere"! It's like having one of those fruity cocktails with the colorful umbrellas...only in a deodorant! You're welcome.
Our aluminum-free formula contains grapefruit seed extract, which provides natural, anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties. With summer just around the corner, now's the perfect time to put our new veggie protein deodorant to the test! "Veggie protein deodorant?" Heck yeah! Featuring a natural protein base that neutralizes odor causing enzymes to simple salt. How cool is that?!
While it's not an anti-perspirant, and it may need to be applied more than once per day, it's an awesome alternative to commercial options. Oh, and my 11year old daughter loves it! :)
Perfect for sensitive skin.
Ingredients: Propylene Glycol*, Deionized Water, Sodium Stearate, Saccharomyces Ferment, PEG-200/Hydroginated Castor Oil, Isosteareth-2, Salicylic Acid, Steareth-100 Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract (Chamomile), Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice, EDTA. Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Seed Extract, Phenoxyethanol and Caprylyl Glycol (Optiphen®).
Tag your WHAT? IT'S 5 O'CLOCK, SOMEWHERE! Veggie Protein Deodorant photos with #whatits5oclocksomewhereveggieproteindeodorantfcs on Instagram.


text:
U.S. Army Colonel Engravable Rank Coin
Inspiring all those in their command with their courage and confidence, those who achieve the rank of Colonel in the U.S. Army are among the nation's elite warfighters. These tough and agile warriors are known throughout the Army and all of America's armed forces for their decisiveness and confidence, as well as the superb quality of their character. Epitomizing the Army's strong leadership ethic, they not only excel as commanders on the battlefield, but are admired and respected as mentors by all those in their charge. For over 200 years the Colonels of the U.S. Army have played a major role in ensuring America's military and strategic superiority. This coin salutes their devotion to duty and their tireless defense of freedom. The obverse features the eagle insignia worn by all U.S. Army Colonels. The reverse bears the Army seal. Struck in a brass alloy, this coin is imbued with enamel highlights. Each coin comes packaged with a header card that describes the mission and history of the U.S. Army.


text:
Keyword: bath renovation
The Design-Build Difference
Are you a design-build novice? We find some clients seek out a design-build resource specifically, while others don't know what the term design-build means, and others don't care. Since we think design-build firms are pretty great, we thought we'd tackle defining the design-build concept and why it should be important to you.Read More
Pike Place Condo Kitchen and Bath Renovation
Renovating a kitchen or bathroom is always an adventure, but in a condo, requires a lot of planning and excellent execution. We really enjoyed taking this Pike Place Market condo from a closed off version to one that showed off its fabulous view.Read More
Age Makes a Difference in a Kid's Bathroom Remodel
If you're interested in remodeling a bathroom that will primarily be used by your children, we provide a list of things to consider, depending on the age of the user.Read More
Heated Tile Makes Toes and Towels Happy
Are you wondering if heated tile is right for you? Review the pros and cons and see if it fits with your lifestyle.Read More
Custom Bathroom Dreaming
Have you thought about what your dream bathroom would contain? Read on to what our design team recommends.Read More
Adding the Charm Back into the Craftsman
Do you have a craftsman that needs some work to make it more functional for your lifestyle? This homeowner added 320 square feet to her craftsman and upgraded the garage. The results gave her more space, an upgraded bathroom and a much needed laundry room.Read More
Keeping it Glassy in the Shower
If you've been wondering what types of glass doors you've been considering for your shower, read on to find out the benefits of the different options.Read More


text:
With the job market becoming more competitive, more employers are using assessment testing in order to narrow their field of applicants to those that will be the best fit for the company. If you are a job seeker, obviously you want to perform as well as you can during these assessments. Even though each test is different depending on the employer's requirements, there are ways that you can sharpen your reasoning skills and prepare for the types of questions most commonly used throughout these occupational assessments.
It is becoming increasingly easy to find practice materials online that will help you prepare for assessment testing, but you should focus most of your time on the types of problems that will be most important to understand. One of the most common and important types of questions will be the abstract reasoning questions. These questions ask you to understand sequences and patterns. You might have to use logic and reasoning to determine what number, letter, or shape, will come next in a small list. Your answers to these problems show your future employer your ability to use logic, follow directions, and understand new concepts. These are very important skills to have in the workplace.
Another type of question that you will face during assessment testing includes questions that require you to read and understand data, or check data for errors. You might simply need to show your ability to read a chart or timetable correctly. The test might ask you to find specific information using the data given, or ask you to demonstrate your ability to accurately input data. These questions test your ability to read and write information accurately and precisely.
Many individuals are caught off guard by the verbal problems on occupational assessment tests. These questions test your ability to spell, use correct grammar, or understand analogies. Many employers place a high importance on communication skills and they want to make certain that you can communicate and reason clearly, as well as follow directions easily.
Of course, many of the questions that you will encounter during assessment testing cannot be completely prepared for because they are designed to test your natural abilities, not test information that you have studied. However, if you understand the types of information that are going to be tested, you can sharpen your reasoning and critical thinking abilities before the test. Your future employer will be appreciative that you have taken the time to improve these skills.


text:
Picture: Yulia Volkova of t.A.T.u The 2008 Cannes Film Festival - Day 2 -- You and I Photocall at the Carlton Pier Cannes, France - 16.05.08
The 60th annual Cannes Film Festival opens tonight with the screening of director Wong Kar-wai's English-language My Blueberry Nights, starring Jude Law, Norah Jones, Natalie Portman, and Rachel Weisz. A bevy of top Hollywood stars are expected to walk the festival's famed red carpet during the upcoming week and a half, including George Clooney, Leonardo Dicaprio, Daniel Craig, Matt Damon, Brad Pitt, and Angelina Jolie. The festival is also scheduled to screen edgy artistic efforts from some of the world's most acclaimed filmmakers. Many critics who have made the trek to Cannes annually have commented that this year's lineup is one of the strongest ever. "Cannes manages to blend glitz and artistic credibility in a way no other film festival does," the Associated Press commented today (Wednesday).


text:
People ask me what I do in winter when there's no baseball. I'll tell you what I do. I stare out the window and wait for spring. ~Rogers Hornsby
Okay, so maybe I don't exclusively stare out the window. Sometimes I stare at a television screen, especially if football's on. I also stare at delicious food, or if I see a particularly interesting car or something. But the fact is I couldn't agree more with Hornsby's sentiment: For me, winter and all its attractions are nothing more than appetizers for spring training. Oh sure, I'll watch football, and I'll dabble in the NBA should the mood strike, but the spring -- baseball -- that's the main course, the perfectly cooked filet mignon. In other news, I'm starving.
It's time to crack open the ol' mail bag and see what the fantasy populous has on their mind coming into the 2007 campaign. I hereby present the top-10 questions for fantasy owners this spring:


text:
Antirrhinum triste
Receives its name of triste from the sombre appearance of its flowers; but this must be understood when placed at some little distance, for, on a near view, the principal colour of the blossoms is a fine rich brown, inclined to purple.
Is a native of Spain, and of course a greenhouse plant with us, but it must not be too tenderly treated, as it loses much of its beauty when drawn up, it should therefore be kept out of doors when the season will admit, as it only requires shelter from severe frost, and that a common hot-bed frame will in general sufficiently afford it.
- The Botanical Magazine, Volume 3


text:
The essential oils from five sacred flowers indigenous to India have been perfectly blended to create this profoundly romantic and beautifully unique scent. So it will be no surprise when you learn that Prema means 'divine love' in the ancient language of Sanskrit.
- Pure essential oils, No chemicals or synthetic ingredients
- Ethically produced in India
- Cedar, Cinnamon, Himalayan Musk, Prema, Rose and Sayali Jasmine
- Vegan Friendly 100% natural ingredients
- 10 sticks per box. Approx burn time 40-45 minutes per stick
Incense was originally used by Yogis as a way of creating an atmosphere of serenity and harmony for their meditations. The fragrances used became an important part of their journey of self-discovery and inner peace.
At the root of Sacred Elephant's ethos is its owner, Prema-rasa Das. Prema himself was a Gaudia Vaisnava monk for over 18 years.
During this time visiting and living in many temples and yoga ashrams around the world, he experienced first hand the positive effect pure scents have on enlightening our moods and enlivening our consciousness. He now lives in Wales and teaches the Bhakti Yoga process he learnt as a monk.
Traditionally made by monks in the ancient temples of India each incense stick would be handcrafted with love and care believing that not only the purity of the ingredients mattered but also the state of mind in which it was made.
Just like these Monks, Sacred Elephant believe that making your incense should be an act of devotion. Using only the best natural essential oils and resins. Every part of the process from the production of the scents, the blending, the rolling of the final stick and even the packaging is done by hand.
DESCRIPTION ABOUT REVIEWS Stylish lunch bag with plenty of room for all your daily essentials and a sandwich! Smart and practical, this new version has a cross body leather strap, for all those...
DESCRIPTION ABOUT REVIEWS Stylish lunch bag with plenty of room for all your daily essentials and a sandwich! Smart and practical, this new version has a cross body leather strap, for all those...
DESCRIPTION ABOUT REVIEWS Beautiful hand carved coffee scoop. As rich and unique as the coffee beans it is intended for, this little scoop will make your morning ritual a special occasion...
DESCRIPTION ABOUT REVIEWS Beautiful hand carved round cooking spoon crafted from Oak sustainably sourced from Epping Forest. The ideal spoon for stirring and tasting stews, soups (and cake batter!) The long sturdy handle and...


text:
Pittsburgh Steelers running back Rashard Mendenhall has become a lightning rod for criticism since he tweeted about the death of Osama bin Laden.
Among his comments:
"What kind of person celebrates death? It's amazing how people can HATE a man they have never even heard speak. We've only heard one side...
"For those of you who said you want to see Bin Laden burn in hell and piss on his ashes, I ask how would God feel about your heart?
The Steelers have made a move to distance themselves from Mendenhall's comments.
Said team president Art Rooney II in a statement: "I have not spoken with Rashard so it is hard to explain or even comprehend what he meant with his recent Twitter comments. The entire Steelers' organization is very proud of the job our military personnel have done and we can only hope this leads to our troops coming home soon."
Is this a case of Mendenhall exercising his First Amendment rights or were you offended?
Reid Cherner has been with USA TODAY since 1982 and written Game On! since March 2008.
He has covered everything from high schools to horse racing to the college and the pros. The only thing he likes more than his own voice is the sound of readers telling him when he's right and wrong.
Michael Hiestand has covered sports media and marketing for USA TODAY, tackling the sports biz ranging from what's behind mega-events such as the Olympics and Super Bowl to the sometimes-hidden numbers behind the sports world's bottom line.


text:
Hello, it's been a busy few days. I've been unable to post while travelling in the U.S.
Precisely, travel is the topic of this post. Not quite plain travel. Time travel.
The following video has been trending big time. So much that I learned about it on TV. I'd actually seen a few tweets, including by the HuffPost but wasn't that attracted to read the content but when I saw it on the news (it might have been Fox or ABC, I frankly can't remember) in DC this morning, I wondered.
So here is that footage. Look at the woman. 1929. Premiere of Charlie Chaplin's The Circus. Is she talking on… a cellphone?
Hoax or not, it's already been viewed 1.7 million times in 10 days. And probably because of the news coverage, it really peaked today.
Sofar, it has garnered 13 692 comments.
It was first posted on October 18th. As early as the following day, the footage was already viewed on a mobile device for the first time. And up to now, some 38 899 people have streamed it on their mobile devices.
In terms of population, men aged anywhere between 25 and 44 seem to be the most psyched by the mysterious time traveler. Gentlemen, what do you have to say to that?…
It is mostly trending in North America, but also the U.K., Scandinavia, Australia. Latin America shows some interest too but the most notable element is South Africa being tuned in more than Latin America, while no other country on the continent seems to be otherwise paying attention.
Looks like we've moved up on the ladder of spookyness: UFOs no longer rock. Time traveling is the new big thing. How many people are going to be scanning footage of street life at around that time now, in search for more evidence of the existence of a time traveler?
You tell me…


text:
Twistys sexy Mandy Lynn is our hot babe for today. Her fabulous pictures are shown here courtesy of Twistys. Mandy is an amazingly gorgeous blonde, with fabulous big tits,a sexy tight ass and one very hot pussy. Mandy definitely gets nasty in this free picture set. She strips out of her tiny bra and panties revealing that amazing pair of big tanned boobs and finishes up when she masturbates and slides a finger up her twat.
CLICK HERE for the gallery
Twistys is simply fabulous. The models on Twistys web site are scorching hot. These babes are all drop-dead gorgeous. Twistys not only has the most gorgeous women on the internet. They feature these drop-dead gorgeous babes in smoking hot hardcore. They have literally thousands off awesome picture and video galleries in their members area. Check out their excellent free tour to get a load of what you are missing.
CLICK HERE for the free tour


text:
The end of the year is pretty much upon us, which means you're also going to be seeing a lot of 'Best Of' lists.
And that's no bad thing because it gives us the chance to find out if we agree with other folks on the internet and even helps us to create a list of titles we might have missed.
For 2016, Steam is taking the yearly awards to another level by letting its millions of users decide on the nominees and the winners for all the best games of the year. That's a pretty huge audience to include in this kind of mechanic, and hopefully it all runs smoothly.
The voting has kicked off already and coincides with their massive Steam sale, so you've got a lot of reasons to pop over to the site. There are eight different categories to choose titles for, and they're pretty inventive.
The "Test of Time" Award
This award is for the game that is just as good today as the day you first played it. Newer games may come out, but it doesn't matter… you'll always come back to play this one.
The "I'm Not Crying, There's Something In My Eye" Award
Games are fun. But sometimes games become more than that, and touch you in a way you weren't expecting. This award celebrates the game that blindsided you emotionally. You weren't expecting to cry. It wasn't in the plan. But it happened none the less.
The "Just 5 More Minutes" Award
You have an early day tomorrow. You need to get some sleep, so you're just going finish one more thing before you decide to tuck in for the night. Just one more. Wait, one more. What's that you say? It's 2:30 AM? This award is for the game that keeps you playing late.
The "Whoooaaaaaaa, dude!" Award
Some games melt your face. Maybe it was a crazy plot twist. Maybe you just got your wisdom teeth removed. Either way, this game BLOWS YOUR MIND.
The "Villain Most In Need Of A Hug" Award
Some people just need a hug.
The "Game Within A Game" Award
Kinder Eggs. Peanut Butter Cups. Jelly Donuts. All great things stuffed with other great things. Like a mighty turducken, this award celebrates the best mini game hidden within another game.
The "I Thought This Game Was Cool Before It Won An Award" Award
This title didn't have a huge marketing machine behind it, but you found it and loved it. Then you told your friends about it. And they loved it. And now that little game that could is about to win an award… but always remember: you totally found it first.
The "Best Use Of A Farm Animal" Award
Animals are rad and almost any game is better for including them. However this game used a farm animal in the best way possible.
The "We Didn't Think Of Everything" Award
(*name pending Selection Committee Decision) There are as many great ideas for awards as there are great games to play. And so we turn to the Steam Awards Selection Committee to come up with their own category and nominee. Senior members of the Selection Committee will review the write-in entries and create an entirely new category based on the feedback provided.
Get over here and get voting.


text:
Budgeting is a straightforward process but there are a number of issues that companies still have difficulty with.
In fact, your company could be guilty of this common budgeting mistake….
The most common budgeting mistake companies make: Control and planning
There's a very fine between control and planning. Planning involves developing company objectives and preparing budgets to achieve these objectives. Budgets allow you to anticipate problems to establish where potential strengths and weaknesses lie in your operations for the next year.
On the other hand, control involves the steps taken by company management to ensure the objectives are attained.
And this is where lines get blurred.
'If, in control mode, you use the budget as a whip to 'beat employees' into shape, you'll find employees start to play games,' warns the Practical Accountancy Loose Leaf.
For example, they can increase expenses and reduce revenue because they know you, the manager, will change the budgets or hold them to achieving often unrealistic targets.
The number one role of a budget is planning. So, if you make the mistake of controlling your staff too much with your budget, you could end up with a budget that doesn't help you to achieve any plans. And that's because your staff members won't feel motivated.
Remember: 'Your budget is a control tool, not a control weapon,' warns the Loose Leaf.
So if you involve affected staff in preparing of the budget and create a budget that's realistic with targets your staff can also agree to, you'll have a very powerful planning and control tool.
How do you control when the planning has taken place
Prepare a comparison, at the end of each month, between your budgeted and actual results.
Evaluate the budget with your employees. Compare your budget with the figures your company has achieved.
Find out answers to these questions: Was your planning good? What did you miss? Where could you do better? What needs to change in the budget going forward to take into account the actual results achieved?
This way, your control mechanism is now a planning control, not a performance control and your staff will work with you to achieve budgeted results and plan for the future.
Recommended for You
Quick Tax Solutions for Busy Taxpayers – 35 tax answers at a glance
Here are all the most interesting, thought-provoking and common tax questions
asked by our subscribers over the last tax year – everything from A to Z!
To download Quick Tax Solutions for Busy Taxpayers – 35 tax answers at a glance click here now >>>
Employees always sick? How to stop it today
Make sure you develop a leave policy to regulate sick leave in your company.
BONUS! You'll find an example of the leave policy and procedure in this report.
To download Employees always sick? How to stop it today click here now >>>
Absenteeism: Little known ways to reduce absenteeism
This FREE e-report will tell you how you can reduce absenteeism in your workplace while avoiding the CCMA and without infringing your employees' labour rights.
To download Absenteeism: Little known ways to reduce absenteeism click here now >>>
7 Health & safety strategies to save you thousands
Don't let a health and safety incident cost you one more cent. Implement these seven
strategies in your company today.
To download 7 Health & safety strategies to save you thousands click here now >>>


text:
"How the people love a sinner, especially when she is a woman. Witch! Witch!"
The Dark End of the Street is a television program that pries into the business of Barry and Cheryl Higgins and their three small children, uncovering every nasty aspect of their lives on welfare in front of a fascinated and disgusted audience. The couple didn't get rich off the wildly successful reality show, though, so why would anyone want to kidnap the kids? When the two older children are found, there is little doubt that Cheryl planned their disappearance to win the public's affection and boost the show's ratings. As the media and the legal system condemn Cheryl, one question remains: Where is baby Cara?
Gillian White adeptly demonstrates how the public's need to know and to judge - and how people can profit from those impulses - is a modern kind of witch hunt.
©2000 Gillian White (P)2013 Audible, Inc.
There are no listener reviews for this title yet.
Report Inappropriate Content
If you find this review inappropriate and think it should be removed from our site, let us know. This report will be reviewed by Audible and we will take appropriate action.