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3 Organizers: STUDENTS NEUROSCIENCE SOCIETY NEURONUS (INSTITUTE OF ZOOLOGY OF THE JAGIELLONIAN UNIVERSITY) PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY OF THE JAGIELLONIAN UNIVERSITY Jagiellonian University Neurology Students Club "Bratniak" Foundation of the Jagiellonian University Students and Graduates Patronage: INTERNATIONAL BRAIN RESEARCH ORGANIZATION INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES NETWORK Polish Neuroscience Society prof. Wojciech Nowak, Rector of the Jagiellonian University prof. Jacek Majchrowski, Mayor of the City of Krakow Marek Sowa, Marshal of the Małopolska Region Scientific Committee: Michał Kuniecki Psychophysiology Laboratory, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland Wioleta Walentowska [Psychophysiology Laboratory, Jagiellonian University Krakow, Poland] Michał Ślęzak Laboratory of Glia Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium Katarzyna Starowicz-Bubak Department of Pharmacology of Pain, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland Zbigniew Sołtys Department of Neuroanatomy, Jagiellonian University Krakow, Poland Wojciech Turaj Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland Agnieszka Kułaga Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland Jeremiasz Jagiełła Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland 3
4 Project Coordinators: Iwona Kmieć, Head of the Conference Students Neuroscience Society NEURONUS Michał Kuniecki Psychophysiology Laboratory, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland Wioleta Walentowska [Psychophysiology Laboratory, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland] Michał Ślęzak Laboratory of Glia Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium Katarzyna Starowicz-Bubak Department of Pharmacology of Pain, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland Agnieszka Michalska Department of Neuroanatomy, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland Anton M.L. Coenen IRUN Donders Centre for Cognition, Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands Organizing Committee: Anna Talik, Joanna Zajdel, Paulina Grubba, Anna Podczaska Students Neuroscience Society NEURONUS Joanna Golec, Monika Halicka, Błażej Pędzich, Katarzyna Gaj, Małgorzata Grodzka, Katarzyna Luzar, Wiktoria Rabiańska, Iwona Zaklikowska Psychology Students Anna Maria Łopatkiewicz, Michał Błaż, Grzegorz Siwek, Elżbieta Klimiec, Paweł Moskal, Karolina Krakowska, Agnieszka Stanuszek Jagiellonian University Neurology Student Club Website design: Szymon Jeziorko Poster and booklet graphic design: Barbara Lubas 4
5 Sponsors: International Brain Research Organization International Research Universities Network Office of the Municipality of Krakow ( Krakowskie Konferencje Naukowe ) Head of the Institute of Psychology of the Jagiellonian University Dean of the Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College Dean of the Faculty of Biology and Earth Sciences of the Jagiellonian University Council of Student Science Societies of the Jagiellonian University Fund of Jan Kochanowski, Jagiellonian University Ph. D. Students' Association of the Jagiellonian University "Bratniak" Foundation of the Jagiellonian University Students and Graduates Hostel Centrum Krakow Exhibitors: Abcam plc Elmiko Medical Elsevier Urban & Partner Media Patronage: Świat Nauki (Scientific American) Aktualności Neurologiczne laboratoria.net szkolenia-krk.pl krakow.pl Contact: 5
6 6
7 May 9 th 2013 (Thursday) Registration opens (Main Hall) ADOLF BECK S MEMORIAL SESSION (Large Aula A) Opening Marian Lewandowski (Jagiellonian University, President of the Polish Neuroscience Society, Poland) Introduction to Beck's Memorial Session Stanisław Konturek (Jagiellonian University Medical College, Poland) * Adolf Beck - discovery of the brain electrical activity Andrzej Trzebski (Warsaw Medical University, Poland) Napoleon Cybulski and Adolf Beck the most prominent Polish physiologists at the Department of Physiology at the Faculty of Medicine of the Jagiellonian University between 1885 and 1895 Wiesław Pawlik (Jagiellonian University Medical College, Poland) 7
8 Beck's place in the history of electroencephalography Anton Coenen (Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands) Life and work of Beck in Lemberg/Lwów Oksana Zayachkivska (Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine) * Discussion and Closing Remarks Stanisław Konturek (Jagiellonian University Medical College, Poland) coffee break Opening Ceremony with the special introduction by prof. Ryszard Przewłocki (the Chair of IBRO-CEERC) (Large Aula A) 8
9 OPENING LECTURE: (Large Aula A) Kainate receptors and their interactome in neuron plasticity Juan Lerma Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, CSIC-UMH, San Juan de Alicante, Spain break MEET YOUR SPEAKER SCIENTIFIC CAREER OPPORTUNITIES SESSION (Large Aula A) PUBLISH OR PERISH INTRODUCTION TO ACADEMIC WRITING AND REVIEWING (Large Aula A) Ewa Kittel-Prejs (Journals Publishing Director, Elsevier Easter Europe) Welcome Reception 9
10 May 10 th 2013 (Friday) 8.30 Registration opens (Main Hall) BASIC NEUROSCIENCE (Large Aula A) VISUAL ATTENTION (Medium Aula) chaired by: Matthew Holt (VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, KU Leuven, Belgium) chaired by: Rolf Verleger (Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Germany) Matthew Holt: Fundamental Mechanics of Membrane Trafficking: Lessons from the Central Nervous System Rolf Verleger: How Can We See Things in the Middle Without a Middle Brain? Agata Kołodziejczyk: A novel tangential neurons in the peripheral visual system of the Drosophila melanogaster Viktor Oláh: Different availability of potassium currents determines two functionally distinct populations of CCK-expressing neurons in the CA3 region Kamila Śmigasiewicz: Exogenous cuing of visual spatial attention during dual-stream rapid serial visual presentation Rob van der Lubbe: The Simon effect towards memorized locations: EEG support for the involvement of attention Ewa Beldzik: Neural networks related to prosaccades and anti-saccades revealed by independent component analysis Marta M. Czyżewska: Mutation of α64 residue at GABAA receptor binding- 10
11 site influences not only agonist binding but also conformational transitions between bound states of the receptor morning coffee break NEUROPHYSIOLOGY (Large Aula A) AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE (Medium Aula) chaired by: Inna Slutsky (Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Tel Aviv University, Israel) chaired by: Gilles Pourtois (Psychopathology & Affective Neuroscience Laboratory, Ghent University, Belgium) Inna Slutsky: Hippocampal Plasticity: From synaptic dynamics to Alzheimer's Disease Gilles Pourtois: Variety of affective statedependent modulations of attention control and early gain control effects in primary visual cortex Grzegorz Wiera: Differential effects of MMP-9 and MMP-3 on synaptic plasticity in mossy fiber CA3 and CA3- CA1 hippocampal projections Patrycja Orłowska: How particular photoreceptors contribute to infra slow oscillatory activity generation in the rat olivary pretectal nucleus? Jeroen M.J. Knippenberg: Oscillations within the amygdalo-prefronto-striatal network as correlates of prospective Valeria Bekhtereva: Time-course of attentionemotion resource competition in early visual cortex is related to the latency of emotional cue extraction Filip Gęsiarz: Asymmetry of the conflict adaptation effect for the positive and negative incongruent stimuli in the face-word Stroop task Jarosław Michałowski: Electrophysiological evidences for increased vigilance and selective attention effects in fear and anxiety 11
12 timing in rats break PLENARY LECTURE: (Large Aula A) Compound mechanisms for sensory map plasticity in the mouse barrel cortex Anthony Holtmaat University of Geneva, Switzerland lunch NEUROIMAGING (Large Aula A) EPILEPSY & SOMATOSENSORY PROCESSING IN ANIMAL AND HUMAN STUDIES (Medium Aula) chaired by: Grzegorz Wilczyński, (Laboratory of Molecular and Systematic Neuromorphology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland) & Vincent Bonin (Neuro-Electronics Research Flanders & KU Leuven, Belgium) Grzegorz Wilczyński: Activitydependent architectural remodeling of chaired by: Tineke van Rijn (Donders Centre for Cognition, Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands) Thomas Budde: Altered properties of thalamic pacemaker channels in a rat model of human absence epilepsy 12
13 the neuronal cell nucleus Annika Luttjohann: Unraveling brain networks in absence epilepsy Marta Pyskaty: Effect of MMP-9 activity on dendritic spine turnover and morphology Iwona Czaban: Optimization of 3D segmentation of neuronal cell nuclei in the mouse brain Vincent Bonin: Large-scale physiology and imaging of targeted neuronal populations in behaving mice Lili Huang: High frequency stimulation in a seizure model of TLE Magdalena Smyk: Together but apart: relationship between absence seizures and motor activity Marjan de Vries: Altered resting state EEG in patients with chronic abdominal pain Alexandru Calin: Intraoperative somatosensory evoked potential monitoring decreases EEG burst suppression ratio during general anesthesia afternoon coffee break PLENARY LECTURE: (Large Aula A) When Thoughts Become Actions: Imaging Disorders of Consciousness Adrian Owen The Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, Canada 13
14 POSTER SESSION (Exhibition Room) Conference Dinner (with invitations only) May 11 th 2013 (Saturday) NEUROPSYCHIATRY (Large Aula A) PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY OF COGNITIVE & EMOTIONAL FUNCTIONING chaired by: Karolina Skibicka (Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Göteborg, Sweden) Karolina Skibicka: My gut made me do it! The story of how gut hormones influence food reward and motivation Anna Podleśny: Role of Retinoid X receptors in control stress adaptation processes in social defeat model Justyna Papciak: Chronic psychosocial stress makes rats more pessimistic in the ambiguous-cue interpretation paradigm (Medium Aula) chaired by: Tytus Sosnowski (University of Warsaw, Poland) Tytus Sosnowski: Rule application versus rule discovery: A cardiovascular perspective Javier Arbol: The heart of emotions: understanding fear through left ventricular contractility Magdalena Ferdek: Electrophysiological correlates of individual differences in tendency to ruminate 14
15 Dagmara Wróbel: Antidepressant-like activity of newly synthesized quinoline and isoquinoline analogues of aripiprazole Patrycja Naumczyk: The neural mechanisms of the non-specific digestive tract diseases. Preliminary report break PLENARY LECTURE: (Large Aula A) The neurobiology of language beyond the information given Peter Hagoort Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging & Max-Planck Institue for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands morning coffee break NEUROGENETICS (Large Aula A) PERCEPTION & BRAIN PLASTICITY (Medium Aula) INTERACTIVE ORAL SESSION OF MEDICAL CASE REPORTS (Conference Room) chaired by: Lora Heisler (Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, UK) chaired by: Gregory Kroliczak (Institute of Psychology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland) chaired by: Krzysztof Banaszkiewicz (Krakow Academy of Neurology, Poland) Lora Heisler: Integration of Metabolic Signals by Gregory Kroliczak: An Brandon M. Henry: First Bite Syndrome: a postoperative 15
16 CNS Serotonin Pathways fmri study of perception and imitation of transitive and intransitive skills complication of cervical vagal schwannoma excision Agnieszka Jurga: Investigation of longterm effects of genetically evoked selective noradrenergic denervation on dopaminergic system functioning Dorota Badowska: How to make a schizophrenic mouse? Kamila Mizerska: Impaired corneal epithelial wound healing and innervations in SP and alpha-cgrp knockout mice Marcin Szwed: Dejerines reading area revisited with intracranial-eeg: selective responses to letter-strings Agata Woźniak- Kwaśniewska: An EEGrTMS study of the influence of rtms over the left DLPFC: A comparison of different stimulation protocols in healthy subjects Adrian Chrobak: Coincidence of dementia and ataxia a challenge for clinician and pathologist.consideration based upon unusual complex clinicopathological familial syndrome Grzegorz Siwek: Angiocentric glioma as a rare cause of drugresistant focal seizures - case report Michał Błaż: The progression of Huntington s Disease symptoms during 4.5 years follow-up a case study Kamil Polok: A 64-year-old male with sudden loss of orientation and changes in behavior Anna Dróżdż:Case Report: Neurosurgical Treatment of Drug-Resistant Epilepsy Anna M. Łopatkiewicz: A patient with subacute onset of memory impairment, gait disturbances and urinary retention Urszula Skrobas: Idiopathic bilateral hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD) - case report 16
17 lunch PLENARY LECTURE: (Large Aula A) The dynamic brain: Time as coding space in cortical processing Wolf Singer Max-Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany break NEUROPATHOLOGY (Large Aula A) AUDITORY PROCESSING (Medium Aula) chaired by: Katarzyna Starowicz-Bubak (Department of Pharmacology of Pain, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland) chaired by: Raffaele Cacciaglia (University of Barcelona & University Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain) Katarzyna Starowicz-Bubak: Role Of Endocannabinoid And Endovanilloid Tone In Antinociception Raffaele Cacciaglia: Auditory deviance detection in the human brainstem: direct evidence from functional magnetic resonance imaging Inga Griskova-Bulanova: Are auditory-steady 17
18 Natalia Małek: Role of TRPV1 phosporylation and dephosphorylation in development of neuropathic pain state responses gender-sensitive? Michał Kiełbiński: Quantitative magnetic resonance and immunohistochemical analysis of animals with experimentally-induced cerebral dysplasia Urszula Górska: Diagnosis of consciousness in DOC patients using auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) Katarzyna Konarzewska: Efficient isolation of rare stem and precursor cell populations responding to the central nervous system traumatic injury by use of fluorescence activated cell sorting afternoon coffee break CLOSING LECTURE: (Large Aula A) CNS Remyelination from biology to therapy Robin Franklin Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, UK Closing Remarks (with awards for the best oral and poster presentations) (Large Aula A) 18
19 20.30 Farewell Party 19
20 May 9 th 2013 (Thursday) : ADOLF BECK S MEMORIAL SESSION Adolf Beck - discovery of the brain electrical activity Andrzej Trzebski Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Warsaw Medical University, Poland On 20 October 1890 Adolf Beck submitted for publication a short version of his doctoral thesis on the electrical potentials on the distinct areas of the brain cortex in dogs and rabbits, evoked by visual, auditory and limb sensory stimulations and observed spontaneously as a waxing and waning rhythmical electrical activity (Centralblatt Physiol., 1890; vol.4: ). The subject of his thesis was proposed by his teacher and mentor Napoleon Cybulski, the professor and chairman of the Department of Physiology at the Medical Faculty of the Jagiellonian University in Cracow. The response to Beck s publication was immediate. Several claims to the priority of discovery and some critical remarks were raised and published. Beck (Centralblatt Physiol. 1890; vol.4: ) and Beck with Cybulski (Centralblatt Physiol. 1892; vol.6: 1-6) discussed and rejected them after additional testing experiments. Only an early publication of Richard Caton, a Liverpool physician (Br. Med. J. 1875, vol. 2: 278), unknown to Beck and to physiologists at that time, reported the findings similar to that discovered independently by Beck. The importance of the discovery is clear. In the last decades of the XIX century neuroscience was at its beginning. General view on the microstructure of the cerebral cortex was based on the theory of protoplasmic reticular theory unable to generate action potentials and on work of Golgi on thin interconnecting nerve filaments in the cortex. Recognition of nerve cells as independent units in cerebral cortex by Ramon y Cajal and the term neuron (von Waldeyer) were ahead. Debates on holistic function versus specific localized function of the brain cortex were going on. Discovery of Richard Caton, and independently of Adolf Beck was in the mainstream of emerging modern neuroscience in XIX century. Napoleon Cybulski and Adolf Beck the most prominent Polish physiologists at the Department of Physiology at the Faculty of Medicine of the Jagiellonian University between 1885 and 1895 Wiesław W. Pawlik, Tomasz Brzozowski, Stanisław Konturek Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Poland When Gustaw Piotrowski, for many years a professor of physiology at the Jagiellonian University Faculty of Medicine, died on the last day of 1884, the Faculty Council initiated the search for the most suitable candidate for the vacant position. The decision was made very soon and turned out to be extremely accurate. The faculty offered the position to a young 31-year-old researcher Napoleon Cybulski, a most promising student of Professor Ivan Tarchanov who was recognized as a prominent physiologist at the Military Surgical-Medical Academy in St Petersburg. Under Tarchanov s supervision Cybulski gained experience in physiology and experimental studies. After his graduation in 1880 with a medical diploma, Cybulski continued to work for Prof. Tarchanov until leaving for Kraków in During his work at St. Petersburg he had a scientific contact with Ivan Pavlow, because of the fact that they both worked on blood circulation at that time. One of his greatest achievements was the construction of a device for precise measurements of blood movement in the vessels - the photohemotachometer. In the field of endocrinology Cybulski together with Szymonowicz, found out that adrenal extracts contain biologically active substances that elevate blood pressure. He applied for the first time the device called condensator discharges, to stimulate nerves and in using this device, he analyzed changes in the excitability of tissues depending on the electrical energy and the time of its duration. In 1890 Adolf Beck received a doctor s degree in all medical sciences after completing his medical studies at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków. As early as during his studies in 1886, he started working at the Department of Physiology of this university under the guidance of Napoleon 20
21 Cybulski. On Cybulski, s recommendation, Beck performed the research on the sensory centers in the central nervous system by means of the observations of electrical phenomena. In 1891 he published his famous doctoral thesis The determination of localizations in the brain and spinal cord with the aid of electrical phenomena. In the following years Beck continued research related to neurophysiology and electrical activity of the brain, but he also carried out a number of studies using the photohemotachometer. Beck studied blood flow in the portal vein. Oscillations in blood flow velocity in this important vein were rather moderate in normal conditions, but an increase in the velocity was observed during digestion, with an elevation of blood pressure and the increased heart rate. He also studied the blood pressure in peripheral veins and published the results in In 1895 Adolf Beck was appointed as the Chair in the newly organized Department of Physiology at the University in Lwów. From this extraordinary moment in Beck s life the scientific collaboration of both outstanding scientists was strengthened and continued until Cybulski s death on 26 April Beck s place in the history of electroencephalography Anton M.L. Coenen Department of Biological Psychology, Donders Centre for Cognition, Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands A cornerstone in the history of electroencephalography formed a paper of Adolf Beck from Poland in the Centralblatt für Physiologie in This was about the recording of electrical waves from the brains of animals. This was the start of a polemic arose between physiologists concerning the discovery of electrical brain activity. The discussion was ended by the Englishman Richard Caton referring to a, completely ignored, abstract from 1875, in which he described the spontaneous waxing and waning of the electrical waves recorded from the brains of animals. Caton's claim was convincing, and it is now accepted that this abstract contained the first description of the electroencephalogram. Beck was not aware of Caton's work, but he explored the electrical brain activity much more detailed and extensively. Beck described the localization of sensory modalities on the cerebral cortex by electrical and sensory stimulation and by recording the electrical activities with clay electrodes and a string galvanometer. Beck explored, in frogs, dogs and rabbits, the parts of the cortex that reacted upon stimulation with electronegativity. This was done for several sensory modalities and this was the first description of evoked potentials. Beck also found the spontaneous fluctuations of brain potentials, and brought up the potential decrease upon sensory stimulation. He observed a cessation in the fluctuations of the electrical waves after afferent stimulation. Thus, he was the first to describe the desynchronisation in the EEG following stimulation. Much later in 1929, the German Hans Berger published a lengthy paper about the recordings of electrical activity from the surface of the human brain, and promoted so the technique into a non-invasive one for humans. Berger described the conditions under which the two rhythms, alpha and beta rhythm, appeared. After seeing the changes in the electrical wave pattern during sleep and narcosis, and the aberrant activities during epileptic attacks, Berger came to the conclusion that the discovery of the EEG was a main breakthrough in neurophysiology, and highly important for its diagnostic value. This makes that he is now considered as the father of electroencephalography. Nevertheless, but in looking back it seems best to attribute the discovery of electroencephalography to the trio Richard Caton, for his brief description of brain waves, to Adolf Beck, for his extensive and innovative brain work in animals, and to Hans Berger, for making the recording technique applicable for humans. Life and work of Adolf Beck in Lemberg/Lwów Oksana Zayachkivska Physiology Department, Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine On the 28 th of May 1895 at an age of 32 Adolf Beck accepted the offer to take the chair and to be appointed professor at the Physiology Department in the Medical Faculty at the University in Lemberg, where he worked till This department in nowadays known as the Lviv National Medical University at Lviv in the Ukraine, a city formerly known as Lemberg ( ) or Lwów ( ; ). Beck also spent the rest of his life in this city where he, despite political 21
22 discrimination and racism, became one of the XX century s leading scientist, but unknown in the XXI century to a wide audience. Beck served the university as Dean in 1904/1905 and in 1916/1917, as a Rector in the period 1912/1913, and as a Pro-rector in the turbulent period 1914/1915. The whole scientific portrait of Adolf Beck is not only related to the development and use of electrophysiological and neurophysiological methods to investigate the cerebral cortex, but also to his work in the field of general physiology, such as visceral, sensory functions, and laboratory medicine. He achieved investigations into complicated, interdisciplinary problems, ranging from basic science to clinical problems. Beck s scientific creativity involved a synthesis of concepts and methods from diverse disciplines. Beck's influence on the growth of the fields of electrophysiology, neuroscience and human physiology is much greater than is apparent from his publications. During the First World War Beck was speaking on behalf of science with political opponents and developed lines of communication with them. As professor at the Medical Faculty, Adolf Beck emphasized that the science and education must be seen to bridge the political and social antitheses in public society. After the Second World War Adolf Beck was mainly disregarded, until Mary Brazier ( ) from the Harvard Medical School, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology ( ), of the Brain Research Institute at the University of California at Los Angeles ( ), neuroscientist, author and editor par excellence, international organizer, and the prominent expert in the history of neuroscience, translated Beck's dissertation into English (Beck, 1973). Despite the efforts of Dr. Brazier the name of Prof. Beck, important scientist, innovator, teacher, and great person, is still hidden in the world of global medical history, science and culture : OPENING LECTURE Kainate receptors and their interactome in neuron plasticity Juan Lerma Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, CSIC-UMH, San Juan de Alicante, Spain Of the known ionotropic glutamate receptors, kainate receptors (KARs) are ubiquitous in the CNS and are present at both sides of the synapse. Pre- and postsynaptic KARs regulate both transmission of information and excitability in a synapse-specific manner. The involvement of KARs in synaptic plasticity is now clear and they play a fundamental role in epilepsy through the strategic control of network excitability. Proteins interacting with KARs subunits are being identified and functional studies have evidenced the existence of a dual signalling system. Indeed, KARs may signal through ion flux or by activation of G-proteins. The latter was first observed in the hippocampus and later confirmed in other preparations. An essential aspect for neurotransmitter receptors function is the appropriate localization and cell surface expression. Differential subunit trafficking, targeting and assembly tightly regulates the physiological roles of glutamate receptors and these events are controlled through interactions with proteins that bind to cytoplasmic domains of receptor subunits. The knowledge of these aspects from KARs lags far behind that for other receptors, and only lately has our understanding of KARs trafficking and targeting grown. To get insights into these aspects, our lab recently started a project with the aim of identifying proteins involved in KARs signalling and/or trafficking. As a result, we have identified a number of proteins that seems to be important for the KARs function. Two instances of this are the following. 1- We have found that SNAP25, a protein classically involved in transmitter release, is critical for the synaptic removal of KARs, specifically acting via GluK5 subunits. SNAP25/PICK1/GluK5 interactions are dynamically regulated by protein kinase C resulting in the activity-dependent long-term depression of KAR-mediated synaptic responses, which provides a mechanism for both rapid and chronic changes in the number of synaptic KARs. 2-We have also identified CRMP2 and CRMP4 as interactors of GluK5 subunits. These proteins are highly expressed in the developing nervous system and are known to control neurite outgrowth, neuronal polarity and axon guidance. To assess how KARs could modulate neuronal development, mice DRG neurons were used as a model. We found that KARs modulate neuronal maturation and neurite outgrowth in a bidirectional manner. Data indicate that these actions were mediated by the control of CRMP2 phosphorylation sites after the kainate receptor activation of PKC. These facts document roles from KARs interacting proteins and further unveil a number of unexpected roles for KARs, some of them triggered through their non-canonical signalling. 22
23 May 10 th 2013 (Friday) : BASIC NEUROSCIENCE chaired by: Matthew Holt (VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, KU Leuven, Belgium) Fundamental Mechanics of Membrane Trafficking: Lessons from the Central Nervous System Matthew Holt VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, KU Leuven, Belgium Membrane fusion is absolutely fundamental to maintain the complex organization of eukaryotic cells, in which biochemically distinct processes occur in discrete membrane-bound organelles. These organelles need to communicate with each other, a process that usually involves specialized trafficking vesicles, which bud from the precursor compartment and are transported to the target compartment, where they dock and fuse. However, there are many problems inherent to such a system. For instance, how does one form a fully functional transport vesicle containing all the relevant lipids and proteins? How can it be ensured that this transport vesicle fuses with the correct target? How can you actually force together two negatively charged phospholipid membranes packed with protein? In this talk I will attempt to give an overview of our current understanding of mechanisms involved in membrane trafficking, using the best characterized example the release of neurotransmitter form neurons in response to action potential stimulation a process which requires the constant trafficking of small synaptic vesicles in the presynaptic terminal. A novel tangential neurons in the peripheral visual system of the Drosophila melanogaster Agata Kołodziejczyk Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagielonian University, Poland The morphology of the visual system in the fruitfly, Drosophila melanogaster, is very well described. However tangential neurons communicating in paracrine fashion are only partially known. Using transgenic fly lines combined with immunocytochemistry we discovered four new types of efferent tangential neurons branching distally to the lamina which express respectively: myoinhibitory peptide, acetylcholine and two types of serotonin receptors: 5-HT1A and 5-HT7. We speculate, that discovered tangential 'plexus' may function as an internal eyelid of the Drosophila eye. Different availability of potassium currents determines two functionally distinct populations of CCK-expressing neurons in the CA3 region Viktor Oláh, Janos Szabadics Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary Specific functions of various voltage-dependent ionic channels contribute to the functional divergence of GABAergic cell types by resulting in different excitability properties. We distinguished two populations of CCK-expressing GABAergic cells (CCK-IN) in the CA3 region of the hippocampus based on the presence or the absence of a potassium current that leads to state-dependent firing properties using recordings from anatomically identified GABAergic cells in acute slices. We found that in a large subset of CCK-INs action potentials are inhibited at the onset when the firing patterns were recorded from hyperpolarized membrane potentials. However, this transient outward rectification (TOR) was absent in the same cells at depolarized membrane potentials. Interestingly, the second 23
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Sister Wives
Sister Wives On the Ropes
Season 6 Episode 9
Tensions run high when the Browns must stand their ground at a debate with outspoken anti-polygamists with Christine's estranged aunt as one of them. Later, Meri and Kody receive some financial news that could affect Mariah's college plans.
- 43 min
- Premiered 09/15/2013


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By Kerry Clawson
Beacon Journal staff writer
Young Company actors (left to right) Morgan August Isabella, Matthew Taylor, Mackenzie Dale Durken and Kiara Durbin make merry backstage in costume as they prepare to perform. Great Lakes Theaters 24th annual production of Charles Dickens holiday classic A Christmas Carol runs at the Ohio Theatre, PlayhouseSquare through December 23. (Photo courtesy of Great Lakes Theater)
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Many years ago, the evil Hukdof was cast out as leader of the Sid Fairies after he was humiliated and defeated by the good Illumine Fairies. The new leader of the Sids, Lubron, is twice the evil of his predecessor and will stop at nothing to destroy the Illumine and their wise leader, Jarnim. But one thing was forgotten: the Illumine are not alone. When Jarnim learns of Lubron s plans, he turns to a young fairy named Lida. With the help of her brother and two friends, Lida embarks on a journey into a battle the young fairies cannot win on their own. Will Lida keep her faith in the great Light Spirit and fulfill her destiny? Can these four young fairies avoid the tricks of the enemy, and find the courage they need to defend their home against the forces of evil?


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This is something I originally posted on Fanfiction.net, and I thought I should post it here. I don't know if this is necessarily standard practice here, but I have seen Fan Fiction Blog Posts on other Wikia wikis. Uf this is not allowed, or is in the wrong category, please tell me.
Finn and Jake were wandering the countryside near the Candy Kingdom, searching for adventure. "Man, I'm bored," Jake said, impatiently walking up a hill, with Finn following close behind. Finn was panting, having obviously run a great distance earlier. "Phew. Hey, what's that?" Finn panted, pointing at what appeared to be an ornate door, with frame, sitting upright in the middle of a meadow nearby.
"I dunno. Looks like a door."
"Dude, I know that."
"I'm gonna put it in my room."
"Uh…Jake? That sounds like a bad-"
"Psh. Don't worry, Finn. It'll be fine." Jake chided, walking up to the door, his hand morphing into a crowbar. He attempted to pry the door out of the frame, only succeeding in falling on his elastic rear. "Whoa. That's really stuck!" Jake said, in spite of how obvious his statement was.
"Dude, did you try opening the door?" Finn said, simply turning the knob. The door opened easily, but instead of the meadow, there appeared to be a hallway, which is obviously unusual. "Whoa! There's like a whole hallway in here, man!"
The two heroes, upon seeing this strange structure, suddenly realized that they had found their adventure for the day. They entered the mysterious hall.
After in inordinately long period of walking, Finn saw a shadow dart past him. He instinctively drew his sword, forged by his adoptive father from the blood of a demon. "What's up, Finn?"
"I thought I saw something."
"Over there! YAAH!" Finn cried, swinging his sword in a wide arc, felling the shadow. The interesting bit, was that instead of screaming or squawking, or grunting, or whatever sound monsters make, the shadow said, "Ow." Not "Ugh!" or "Rawr!" but "Ow." The figure got up one its remaining good leg, and hobbled into the light to reveal that he was a Sign Zombie. Finn, recognizing the creature, raised his sword again. "WAIT!" The Sign shouted, bracing himself for a maiming. "Huh?" was the only response our protagonists were able to muster, as Sign Zombies rarely have the intelligence required to watch Mind of Mencia, let alone speak.
"Please, put that sword away! I'm not interested in becoming a paraplegic construct!"
"Dude, How are you talking?" Finn asked, sheathing his blade.
"By opening my mouth. Now, follow me." The Sign retorted.
"Uuhhhh, Finn? I don't trust this guy. I mean, what if this is some sort of trap, where he takes us to his buddies, and then they kill us, carve our bones into signposts, and take us on awkward dates!...or something?" Jake pondered aloud, shuddering at the thought.
"Don't worry man, we can handle a bunch of Sign Zombies."
"Alright, but if I end up on an awkward signpost date, I'm totally gonna haunt you." Jake said, still a little uneasy.
They followed the Sign Golem (he found the term Sign Zombie to be offensive,) down the hall, up several staircases, along a myriad of other halls, and just when they thought this was just some stupid wild goose chase, the Sign Golem (Whose name was Duck Xing, if you're curious,) came to a stop, and started chanting in Gaelic, "Oscail an doras an máistir folaigh!" At that moment, a glowing door appeared in the side of the cold stone door. "My master wishes to see you."
They entered the door with obligatory apprehension, only to see what appeared to a young (humanoid) man, in his late teens to early twenties, singing the Electric Light Orchestra's hit, Strange Magic to himself while reading a very large tome. He stopped, straightened up as if somebody had poured ice down his pants, and stood to face Finn and Jake. "Hello!" he said, very happy to see the first sentient visitors he's had in who-knows-how-long, "My name is-HURK!" Now, his name was not actually HURK, he had simply been punched in the face.
"Prepare to get hurt, dark wizard!" Finn shouted, drawing his blade, "You can't keep me captive here!"
Finn swung his sword, barely giving the stranger time to put up a protective shield, which looked rather like a glowing plane of glass. Finn swung again, leaving cracks in the panel. While Finn was preparing to swing again, the stranger took the advantage and slammed the panel into him, pushing him across the room. He shouted "Folaigh!" and his tome disappeared, while placing a force cage around Jake. Jake quickly squeezed between the bars, while Finn stood up and charged the man. Hmm...Elastic dog, Violent kid with a magic sword, I guess it's time to see if that new spell I've been working on is any good... The mage thought to himself, as he raised his hands to trace arcane symbols into the air, while shouting, "Geimhle Iarann!"
The spell seemed to work, as Finn and Jake both unexpectedly faceplanted due to their arms and legs being chained to the floor by force links.
"Alright, let's start over. My name is Alan, and you two are the first sentient visitors I've had in who-knows-how-long. Now, If you would kindly stop trying to kick the royal jelly out of me, I'd be happy to release you so you two may be on your way," Alan explained, motioning to the force chains.
"Wait, so you're not gonna take us prisoner?" Jake asked, raising his eyebrow.
"Or make us go on awkward dates?" Finn added.
"Uh...no. I'm just glad to speak with somebody I didn't create. Poor Ducky here is a dysmal conversationist...Wait! The door's back! I can leave!" Alan stated quite gleefully.
"What do you mean, bro?" Finn asked, standing and rubbing his wrists.
"I've been stuck here for about a thousand years! And now I'm free! From now on, if you need me, just shout into this here mirror," Alan said, handing Finn a mirror marked "MHUIRLINNE." Alan then disappeared, and Finn and Jake found themselves standing in the meadow next to the ornate door, upon which there was now a note posted, which read, "Out for adventures. Be back soon!"


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From its county population in 2000 of 56162 to its current population estimate of 72087, the county has experienced a growth change of 15925.
The county's name honors Archibald Bulloch, who was president and commander in chief of Georgia in 1776. The county's pioneers sometimes called it the "State of Bulloch." They named their county seat "Statesborough" when the Georgia legislature created it in 1803.
In 1850 slaves made up about a third of the county's population; by 1860 their proportion of the populace had risen to nearly half, due both to a decline in the white population and to a substantial rise in the number of slaves. Most slaves were engaged in raising cotton, the production of which also increased markedly over the same decade.
Between 1890 and 1910, Bulloch County transformed itself into a major agricultural and commercial center, led by aggressive leaders who were new transplants to the county. These newcomers built links to railroads and developed an infrastructure of services.
Points of Interest
The Bulloch County courthouse, located in Statesboro, was designed by Bruce & Morgan in 1894, with renovations by J. Bruyn Kops in 1914. The exterior of the Neoclassical Revival courthouse was covered with white plaster in the 1960s, much of which remains
The Averitt Center for the Arts serves as a centerpiece of Satesboro's historic downtown and provides quality arts opportunities to the community.
Notable Citizens
Emma Kelly, the "Lady of Six Thousand Songs" was from Statesboro.
Higher Education
Statesboro is home to Georgia Southern University and Ogeechee Technical Institute.
Statesboro City Hall
Lamar Ball Raptor Center, Statesboro
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|Message view
|« Date » · « Thread »
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|"Stefan Guggisberg (JIRA)" <j...@apache.org>
|[jira] Commented: (JCR-538) failing Node.checkin() or Node.checkout() might leave inconsistent transient state
|Thu, 10 Aug 2006 14:13:14 GMT
[ http://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/JCR-538?page=comments#action_12427232 ] Stefan Guggisberg commented on JCR-538: --------------------------------------- there's a similar issue with Node.restore(), Node.merge() and Workspace.restore() which all do finally call Session.save(). there's the risk of inconsistent transient state if this final save call fails for any reason (e.g. due to lack of write privileges). > failing Node.checkin() or Node.checkout() might leave inconsistent transient state > ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- > > Key: JCR-538 > URL: http://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/JCR-538 > Project: Jackrabbit > Issue Type: Bug > Components: versioning > Environment: svn r430067 > Reporter: Stefan Guggisberg > Priority: Minor > > an exception is thrown if any of the properties jcr:isCheckedOut, jcr:baseVersion or jcr:predecessors can not be successfully updated to reflect the new version state (e.g. due to lack of write privileges). however, the version was created and inconsistent transient state might still be pending. -- This message is automatically generated by JIRA. - If you think it was sent incorrectly contact one of the administrators: http://issues.apache.org/jira/secure/Administrators.jspa - For more information on JIRA, see: http://www.atlassian.com/software/jira
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Cheryl's Album Archive
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Social Media Day in Tulsa 2013 #SMDAY #SMDAYtULSA
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Route 66 Marathon Social Media #RT66Run
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Cheryl Lawson Photo Shoot w/ LI Photography 12/2013
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2013-08-23 Tulsa Shock vs San Antonio Silver Stars
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Center of the Universe Festival Tulsa. Social Media Team 2014-07-27
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Pre- Social Media Day Pool party & BBQ hosted by Tulsa Food Guy and #spatchcock
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The new admin are MooseJuice, ObliterationoftheSelf, and Mr.Zalgopasta. The newest Chatmod is Weirdowithcoffee.
These hirings were based on merits such as overall edits, helpfulness in regards to maintaining order on the site and knowledge of how stuff works and how to fix it. Basically they were making my life and everyone's life easier before, and now they can make things even better.
Didn't get accepted? Don't cry or mope. I wasn't planning on adding every single person that applied. The best people got the jorbs for now. I added what I felt was needed and if I feel what is needed has changed, I have my eye on some people and will call for applications again.
But seriously, do not ask if you can be an admin if you just joined that day and have a whopping 0 edits or something silly like that. You need to know how this site works, bare minimum. I'm not going to teach you how to work the editor, and I damn sure am not going to take people who cannot read something as simple as the rules on your talk page.
If I am sick again whenever I decide to open applications again and you bug me, pester me, or hound me about whether I have or am going to review, look at, or decide on applications I am going to take your application and delete it, then ban you for anywhere from a week to a month just so I know you are impatient and cannot listen to something as simple as I AM SICK LET ME GET BETTER BEFORE I ADD ADMINS. Seriously, it sucks having fluid pressing against your lungs and severe pain when you are coughing from all the mucus dancing around and people are bitching and complaining that you have not made decisions on admins again today. It made me want to tell them to shut the fuck up. Seriously. I'm not dealing with that again.
If you are bitching and complaining about not getting accepted, keep it to yourself. Don't whine about how other admin where here for less time, have fewer edits, or any other petty bullshit of which you can think. Don't like it? That's cool. I don't care. It's my decision. Don't bother other people with your shortcomings or my choices. This month I was hounded for 8 straight days while I was sick. Please remember that any time spent pissing me off was time I remembered. I guarantee you I responded to all the questions about when it would be done with when I am better. (That was NOT a free pass to ask how I was doing with the pretense of following up with wherearethemoooooods!!!11111????///)
TL;DR: The people who got admin/chatmod are people I felt who deserved it the most. Don't pester me in the future about when I make my decisions. Shit happens. Don't like who made the team?
( •_•)
( •_•)>⌐■-■


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I am presently (and happily) out of the dating pool/quagmire. However, I do enjoy being a moderator and I'm always looking to meet new and interesting people and broaden my diverse community or wonderful and weird people.
Things about me:
Connections, conversation, community are really important.
I seek meaningful experiences.
I love laughter. And Love.
Kissing and touching fuels my soul.
I love paddling around lakes with cocktails.
I can't abide the willfully ignorant.
If you make fun of my tofu, I'll fucking moo at your burger.
Always looking for live music in a small club/venue or outdoors
I am working on being/staying/getting more fit.
I am active working on making our communities better places to live.
I love my people.
And if we like each other, I want to love your people and I want you to love mine.
Running a food security non-profit start-up and working on making Portland a better place to live for everyone.
Being a good father and friend to my adult children.
I write-- mostly poetry, spoken word these days, but have written media critique columns, political essay, fiction (novels, short stories and screenplays) and all kinds of stuff. I belong to an immensely talented local writers group.
I also write haiku. Sometimes smutty ones.
I spend a good deal of free time working with others to attempt to make this world a slightly, if not significantly, better place. It needs all the help it can get.
Seeking more of everything.
Continually trying to become a better version of me.
Alcohol infusions.
Parallel Parking™
Keeping drama in my life to a minimum.
Making time stop.
Finding amazing, fun and talented people to add to my circle of friends.
Being a good friend.
Being present even with messages flying all about.
Making Frittatas.
Back, foot, and butt massages.
Learning a partner's body and needs.
My voice which has been described as a cross between "Porno" and "Nicholas Cage". I am undecided how I feel about this.
I am told I "smell nice." But unless we meet sniffing each other, that probably won't be the first thing you notice. Although I am open to an initial sniff- if that's your thing.
Writers: Vonnegut, Atwood, Gibson, Dick, Bukowski, Cummings, Milne, Fuentes, Lessing, Aristophanes.
Movies: Casablanca, Blade Runner, The Hunger, Scorsese, Coppola, Kurosawa, Cohen Bros, Lumet, Marx Brothers, Documentaries
Musics: Marvin Gaye, The Who, Kiesza, The Replacements, REM, 16 Horsepower, Sade, Coltrane, Heather Nova, Polly Harvey, Tom Waits, Emmylou Harris, Blondie, Reverend Horton Heat, The English Beat, Elvis Costello, The Ramones, Bob Marley, Radiohead, ELO, The Circle Jerks, etc.
Television: Luke Cage (Holy shit), Steven Universe- Not too much else right now. Inspire me into watching what you like and lets get on the couch and check it out and wind up making out for three hours anyway.
Older favorites: Greg The Bunny, Firefly, Stewart/Colbert, Deadwood, The Wire, Battlestar Galactica, Extras, Max Headroom, The Larry Sanders Show, Home Movies, Daria, Ghost In The Shell, Treme, Ricky Gervais, PBS, Nat Geo, Cowboy BeBop.
FOOD: BRUNCH!!!! Italian! Mexican! Asian! American! Anything (almost)! Spicy please.
I don't eat meat, fish or poultry. That doesn't mean you can't though and honestly there's almost always something for me somewhere except for a ribs joint or steakhouse. I may pass at that.
Slow or at least lethargic food only please. Raw, locally sourced, and fresh desirable!
My kids
Amazing food
Amazinger cocktails
More Kissing
Bonus Round!
Breezes lakeside
Quality Toilet paper
Clear night skies in the middle of fucking nowhere
Mutual Release
Still more kissing
What my next adventure might be.
How to make the world a better place.
How to make the pearfect Pearjito.
What my next poem will be about and how to improve the ones I've written.
How to see as many friends as possible as often as possible.
Trygaeus' conversation with Hermes in Aristophanes' "Peace" as to why the Gods have abandoned humans.
and figuring out brunch plans for the weekend.
Fixing dinner and getting ready to settle in- saving energy for a fun weekend.
I have a hard time deciding between Cucumber-Melon and Gardenia body wash. Rosemary-Mint is mandatory.
You're a really good kisser and you like to do it a lot
If you'll crack me up.
The spirit moves you, let me groove you good
let your loooove come down! (If you like Marvin Gaye)
You are equally comfortable with intelligent thoughtful discussions and goofiness.
You are genuine and loving and enjoy sharing experiences regardless what they are and where they go.


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I am a recent college graduate who is unemployed. I have a degree in English and a degree in a general biology. I can write articles or any type of paper. I am also interested in data entry work or typing jobs.Read More »
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Sunday, April 16th, 7:00am at Centennial Park Bridge
A family event for all ages
Hot refreshments
Warm-up bus
Public facilities
A family event for all ages
Hot refreshments
Warm-up bus
Public facilities
The service will take place on the Centennial Bridge over the Chena River, next to Golden Heart Plaza in downtown Fairbanks.
Close parking at the Courthouse, Denali State Bank, and Doyon.
|Ringing of the Bells
|Immaculate Conception Church
|Father Fred Baylor
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|New Testament Lesson
|Pas Scott Mensch
|Fairbanks Intercultural Assembly of God
|Gospel Lesson
|Pas Matthew Hampton
|New Beginnings Church Fairbanks
|Pas Ventura Alas
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A full list of accolades will be published in the Fairbanks Daily News Miner


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