text:
Asplundh Tree Expert Co Bucket Operator in Corpus Christi, Texas

We are currently seeking a BUCKET OPERATOR to join our team.

ESSENTIAL FUNCTIONS:

Under the direct supervision of the Foreperson, a Bucket Operator:

Plans, assigns, directs, checks, and coordinates work.

Responsible for quality and quantity of production and for following safe practices and rules while clearing and trimming trees and brush away from utility lines.

Must be familiar with the electrical hazard.

Removes branches and tree material.

Operates a Bucket near energized lines.

Cleans up and disposes of all debris.

Operates and services equipment, such as gasoline, hydraulic tools, power saws, power winches, bucket, chipper, and sprayers.

Uses hand-tools, such as axes, hand-lines, saws, block and tackle, pruners, etc.

Sprays brush and stumps, making proper and selective application of herbicides.

Obtains written or oral permission from property owners to trim or remove trees or perform other work on property. Arranges with customer or property owner to obtain access, advises of interruption, explains work to be done, etc.

Promotes and maintains good customer and public relations through the effective accomplishment of assigned work and the appropriate behavior of employees on the crew.

Safeguards employees and the public from hazards in and around work area

Cooperates with customers, police, and fire departments when blocking street or driveways.

Sets up barriers, warning signs, flags, markers, etc. to protect employees and public.

Performs tree and bucket rescue.

Trains new personnel.

Works in all temperatures and will be exposed to nature i.e., irritating plants and biting or stinging insects.

Works near energized parts or equipment.

Works in traffic.

Works around excessive noise from machines, jackhammers, gas drills and other equipment with proper hearing protection.

Possesses working knowledge and be able to identify tree and shrub species.

Exposed to hazards of working near power equipment, traffic, high voltage wires, and falling limbs.

Minimum Requirements

Due to the inherently dangerous nature of the industry and requirements to work with or around hazardous equipment, employees must be able to maintain attention and concentration for extended periods of time.

Must be able to wear necessary PPE as necessary.

Must be able to enter and exit a vehicle numerous times a day.

Must be able to withstand exposure to all kinds of weather while completing work assignments, i.e., rain, heat, sun, cold.

Must be able to stand for extended periods of time.

Must be able to read and comprehend written and verbal job instructions/information.

Must be able to verbally communicate with other crew members and fully understand instructions and information.

Must be familiar with electrical hazards.

Work demands physical energy, twisting, some lifting ability, and hand-to-eye coordination.

Uses machines, tools, equipment, and work aides used include chainsaws, hydraulic tools, and hand tools as required.

Must have transportation to and from the show up location.

Must pass a pre-employment drug test.

Physical Requirements:

Rarely = less than 10%

Occasionally = up to 33%

Frequently = up to 66%

Continuously = from 67% to 100%

Lifting: 1 to 50 pounds. Pieces of cut wood (which can be cut to the size you want) for loading into chipper. Assistance is always available. Largest chainsaw on truck weighs 17 pounds.

Carrying: 1 to 50 pounds. Pieces of cut wood (which can be cut to the size you want) for loading into chipper. Assistance is always available. Largest chainsaw on truck weighs 17 pounds.

Walking: Occasionally on all surfaces.

Sitting: None

Standing: Frequently on all surfaces

Stooping: Occasionally

Kneeling: None

Pushing: None

Pulling: Occasionally

Climbing: Occasionally; trees unable to trim with bucket

Crouching: None

Crawling: None

Balancing: None (unless balancing to bend over and pick up wood)

Reaching: Frequently

Handling: Frequently

Fingering: Frequently

Feeling: Frequently

Talking: Occasionally

Seeing: Frequently

Hearing: Occasionally

Individuals must be able to perform the essential functions of the position with or without a reasonable accommodation. Individuals with a disability who desire a reasonable accommodation should contact the ADA Coordinator at 1-800-248-8733, ext 1339.

An Equal Opportunity Employer, including disabled and vets.


text:
the Gregorian calendar was perceived to be a catholic intervention (Papal Bull of Pope Gregory XIII), thus rejected by protestants. A gradual introduction did not work, and was dropped. It was fully instated 190 years after the bull with a loss of 11 days, which supposedly caused an uproar.
|Includes CC-BY-SA content from Wikipedia's Gregorian_calendar article (authors)

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Wendt, Ceylon.
Wendt, Lionel. Ceylon. Introduction by L.C. Van Geyzel and technical notes by Bernard G. Thornley. London, Lincolns-Prager Publishers, 1950. 4°. 255 pages. Original Hardcover (black cloth with gilt lettering on spine and frontcover) with original, price-clipped dustjacket in excellent (bery good + / near Fine condition. The rare, illustrated dustjacket with minor signs of wear but only one small tear to lower spine. No signs of taping or repairs, this dustjacket is as original as it gets. Only the jacket with some foxing. The volume itself in excellent condition. Overall a fantastic, original condition of this rare book.
Lionel Wendt (3 December 1900 19 December 1944.) was a Sri Lankan musician , photographer, literature collector,[1]critic, and cinematographer. According to Pablo Neruda, Wendt "was the central figure of a cultural life torn between the death rattles of the Empire and a human appraisal of the untapped values of Ceylon." (Wikipedia)
Our price: EUR 1.480,--
Lionel Wendt - Ceylon
Lionel Wendt - Ceylon
HescomShop - Das Webshopsystem für Antiquariate | © 2006-2017 by HESCOM-Software. Alle Rechte vorbehalten.


text:
Keep Phoenix Beautiful's Free Garden Workshop Series Begins This Month
The community garden at PHX Renews.
Courtesy Keep Phoenix Beautiful
If your green thumb is looking a little brown these days, get ready to brush up on your gardening basics with Keep Phoenix Beautiful this fall. Beginning this month, the nonprofit group will be hosting a series of free, hands-on gardening workshops at PHX Renews, a 15-acre community garden in midtown Phoenix.
There will be four garden workshops in total hosted throughout October and November, each with its own topic of focus — the series will cover everything from vegetable and wildflower gardening techniques and sustainable watering methods to composting and other "green" initiatives.
The first workshop was held on Saturday, October 15, at 9:30 a.m. With the help of Ewing Irrigation, the workshop focused on installing drip lines and emitters, as well as repairing damaged lines and moving emitters without moving the entire line.
This week, on Thursday, October 20, workshop attendees will be treated to a wildflower seed-sowing demonstration, as well as a wildflower seed giveaway, all starting at 5:30 p.m. Next month, on Saturday, November 12, the workshop will focus on soil preparation for both xeriscape and vegetable gardens. The showcase will begin at 9:30 a.m.
And finally, on Thursday, November 17, a workshop will focus on water resources and conservation in Phoenix. This workshop starts at 5:30 p.m.
To attend any of the season's workshops, sign up by visiting the PHX Renews website or by sending a message to email@example.com.
Related Location
Get the Food & Drink Newsletter
Our weekly guide to Phoenix dining includes food news and reviews, as well as dining events and interviews with chefs and restaurant owners.
From Our Sponsors
Popular Stories
Sponsor Content


text:
Fees and funding
Your university education is a significant investment. It is important you consider how you will meet the expenses involved. Our Student Funding Office provides all the support you need to explore funding options and take control of your finances.
Fees and living expenses
The two main costs you will face as a postgraduate student are tuition fees and living expenses. You need to organise funds for your tuition fees and living costs before you arrive at University. You'll receive confirmation of any scholarship or award before you start your studies.
Tuition fees
The tuition fee includes charges for tuition, examination and registration. It also includes a contribution towards the cost of membership of the Students' Union.
Each of our postgraduate programmes has a specific cost for tuition. Wherever possible, each programme entry shows up-to-date fees. Fees are quoted per year and are subject to annual review, so are liable to rise each year. Please budget for up to a five per cent increase per year.
If you're a self-funding postgraduate student, you'll pay your fees directly to the University. If you're sponsored by an external organisation, such as a government department, charity or company, you must send evidence of your sponsorship to the Student Fees Office.
Some self-funded international students on taught postgraduate programmes will pay a deposit of £1,000. You can pay this online or by cheque.
Additional fees
Some programmes charge a bench fee in addition to tuition fees. Bench fees are charged when a programme (or specific project) incurs specific extra costs. These are usually associated with specialist laboratory or field work. If a programme has a bench fee as standard, this will be stated in the online programme finder.
Some postgraduate research programmes charge additional postgraduate research fees.
Living expenses
Living expenses are the costs you will need to pay for everything excluding tuition fees. As a guide, current postgraduate students might need around £850 to £950 per month in addition to tuition fees.
Financial help and support
If you have the talent and ability to succeed at Bristol, concerns about funding your studies should not stop you from applying.
Our Student Funding Office provides information on studentships, bursaries and scholarships. We can also advise UK and EU students about postgraduate study loans or applying for a Professional Career Development Loan (PCDL).
Our Careers Service can help you find suitable part-time or holiday work, and can advise you on your rights.
Funding for doctoral training
Our research-intensive profile means we can secure funding for doctoral education from a wide range of sources. Find out what is available.
Alumni scholarship
If you're a University of Bristol student or graduate, you could benefit from a ten per cent reduction in your tuition fees for postgraduate study. The discount is available to students starting a degree on or after 1 August 2017.
EU referendum and tuition fees
In June 2016 the UK voted to leave the European Union. Find out how this affects tuition fees for European Union applicants.
Useful contacts
For funding and financial help
Student Funding Office
+44 (0)117 331 7972
For fees and payments
Income Office
+44 (0)117 954 6372
For queries about fee status
Admissions Office
+44 (0) 117 394 1649
Visit the contacts page for more information.


text:
GOLD CREEK Stud - Meet the Stud Owners
STUD OWNERS: We are Pamela Robinson (with the Cocker Spaniel) and Suzanne Baker (with the tiny cow), the proud owners of GOLD CREEK Stud.
Our Location: We live just over three minutes from the beautiful heritage town of Braidwood in Southern NSW Australia. At the foot of a mossy rock covered hill, our cattle now graze peacefully in our granite enriched pasture.
Our Situation: Breeding these beautiful cattle is our shared hobby. We do this for the love of it and to help build up the number of full blood and purebred Miniature White Galloways in Australia. White Galloways were listed as a rare breed in Australia and New Zealand at one time. Our aim is to help remedy that.
Starting Out: As first-time livestock owners, we didn't know anything about cattle or miniature cattle. Our only experience of pets was Cocker Spaniels. We had no idea what was required or which miniature breed would suit us. After much research, farm visiting and deliberation, we decided we needed docile, polled cattle. We also wanted good little mothers that would calve unassisted. Finally, we saw our first Miniature White Galloway cattle. Wow! They ticked all the boxes, and they were drop dead gorgeous into the bargain!
The decision to start out with these little white cattle was made in a heartbeat. From that day forward, we have never had to wonder whether we made the right decision - not once.
Building the Herd: As our confidence and experience grew we built our herd in number and quality. The cattle became quieter, smaller in stature and more friendly in nature as the herd numbers increased and the dynamics within the herd and our interaction with them settled into a pattern.
The number of head in our little herd rose and fell every season with births and sales, but steadily we built up the number of full blood and purebred cattle over several years. At one point, we were comfortably running over forty head on our forty acres. The learning curve was initially steep, but it has flattened out for us. It is now a fairly low maintenance herd, so we quite often find ourselves looking for any old excuse to spend time with our miniature cattle.
By farming in an environmentally friendly way and breeding our cattle in a sustainable manner, we have found we can cohabit with the wildlife and enjoy the best of both worlds. We get to work from home and enjoy being in our paddocks listening to the birdlife, brushing cattle and watching the wallabies graze - bliss.
When Pip Courteney and the Totally Wild television team came to visit, full blood cow Dusty enjoyed the limelight with Suzanne and Maddie. Three hours of filming for a three-minute segment on the show - television is hard work.
The Decision to Specialise: Over time, we came to realise that if we were serious about breeding and preparing miniature cattle as pets and AAT co-workers we needed to keep our herd number smaller. Having already added numerous calves to the full blood and purebred herdbook, we decided we had done our bit to build up the numbers, and it was time to sell quite a few - which we did.
In 2016, we transported a smaller herd of smaller, highly trained, super quiet females to Braidwood in Southern NSW. We are now thoroughly enjoying what we do on a daily basis and look forward to sharing it with others.
Huggie is so proud her purebred calf Kismet. Huggie is back in calf - maybe a bull for Christmas.
We have tried to make this website as informative as we can, in the hope that we can provide sufficient information to give first timers the confidence to get started. The learning curve can seem steep, but eventually, it all becomes much easier. There comes a day when you are so happily enjoying the cattle, you wonder why you worried about so many little things.
As we live and learn, we aim to be supportive of the first timers we help to get started. We will never forget all the gnawing suspicions that we had in the beginning. The gnawings that whispered - "You two might be clueless!" So, we hope to be there to help you with your worries.
GOLD CREEK Galloway Stud - near Historic Braidwood in Southern NSW Australia.


text:
This hotel is a budget hotel. It is one of the cleanest hotels I have ever been in! The room we were in was a little rundown (door dings, some spots on carpet, etc.) - but you can't beat the price and the cleanliness. The woman who checked us in (quite late at night) was extremely gracious. We'd stay here again in a heartbeat.
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Orbitz, Booking.com, Priceline, Expedia, Ctrip TA, Hotels.com, Travelocity, Hotwire and HotelQuickly so you can book your Super 8 Redfield reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.


text:
Home >> Accessories >> Aprons >> Am I Blue dollys designs First Apron Collection
Am I Blue dollys designs First Apron Collection
" Am I Blue?" is from dolly's designs First Apron Collection. The First Apron Collection is near and dear to my heart.
As a young teen in Home Economics Class I learned to sew 1968. The first thing I ever made was an apron by a very similar pattern. I still have this apron a little worn but still around. If you'd like to read the story behind this collection of aprons please go to:
This apron is made from good quality cotton/poly fabric. Trim of rick rack which is cotton/poly blend.
This apron is a one size fits most
Size: 32" wide x 14" long
Pocket covers entire front of apron and measures: 8" x 32"
Each Tie Strap measure approximately 25" long
Check out the (4) pockets! Wonderful very useable!
It can be worn flat like a chef/waiters apron or gathered for a more feminine look. It is very versatile!
Machine Wash/Dry
Handmade with pride
All items made are one of a kind. You may special order an item in the color you like. I will show you the fabrics for you to choose from. Just click custom order at any time. We will make your custom design.
|Shipping :
Items ships from : United_States.
Price: $ 20.00
Price: USD 20.00
In Stock: 1
Listed On 2014-12-31
675 views


text:
|Type: Galactic
|Palamorphs at: None
|Starting stats:
Strength: 5
|Height: n/a
|Weight: n/a stones
Palabase EntryEdit
Shali are referred to as the Bringers of Love and Harmony. When a couple hear their song, it is said to be a blessing and a sign of true love.
|Palia Locations
|Adventure Locations
|Mushroom Village: Entrance
Seasonal OnlyEdit
Shali is only available during the Valentine's festivities.
Shali were first available during Valentines Event in February 2013.
Shali and Misra were both available for free capture for all users on Feb 14th.


text:
About UsWelcome to the Mentor Iowa Web Site! The mission of Mentor Iowa is to provide trained volunteer mentors to abused, neglected, and delinquent children who are under the jurisdiction of the Juvenile Court. We will do this by working in partnership with the children, their families and the community.
Upcoming Events
Sunday, April 30th – 14th Annual Mentor Iowa auction
Friday, May 19th – Iowa Cubs game
Ways You Can Help
The 14th annual Tidrick Honors auction will take place on Sunday, April 30th at the Hyperion Field Club in Johnston. Mentor Iowa is in need auction sponsors, live/silent auction items and event volunteers. If you would like to be a part of the 14th annual Tidrick Honors auction, please contact the office at 515-277-9797.
Mentor Iowa would like to thank the O'Donnell & Friends Open for selecting Mentor Iowa as the charity of choice from their golf outing this year. As a result of their hard work and efforts, Mentor Iowa received $103,198.25 to help create the Dan & Dee O'Donnell scholarship. This scholarship will benefit Mentor Iowa mentees who are in their Sophomore, Junior and Senior years in college.


text:
Before the War of the Wizards, Cutsilver was a walled city-state which lay in the middle of the Southern Plains in north-west Allansia.[1]
Since Cutsilver does not appear on any map of Allansia in more recent times, it seems that it, like Balkash, fell into ruin and disappeared from common knowledge.
See AlsoEdit
- ↑ Titan - The Fighting Fantasy World - 34/65


text:
1968 c10 Chevrolet Pickup Truck
Price: US $12,500.00 Item location: Helotes, Texas, United States
- Condition: Used
- Make: Chevrolet
- Model: C-10
- Type: Crew Cab Pickup
- Year: 1968
- Mileage: 20,000
- Color: Red
- Engine size: 283
- Number of cylinders: 8
- Fuel: Gasoline
- Transmission: Automatic
- Interior color: Red
- Options: CD Player
- Vehicle Title: Clear Want to buy? Contact seller!
1968 Chevrolet C-10I have a 1968 C10 Chevrolet Pickup Truck with a 283 V8,Power Steering, AC blows ice cold, Disc Brakes, Alternator Upgrade, New TH350 Automatic Transmission with B&M Racing Shifter, New Tires and Wheels, New fuse boxes. New carpet. New chrome bumpers, headlight bezels, grill, and rocker panels. New DVD and IPOD Stereo, car alarm, led lights, tinted windows, and a train horn! No leaks! A really nice truck!
Check out my video on youtube at:
Thank you for looking!


text:
Rather than trying to contact Microsoft, I thought I would ask the great source of information here in the Spiceworks Forum. When running a terminal server, what are the Office 2003 requirements for licensing. We have approx. 100 users on the Terminal server. We are looking to get all users on 2003.
Do we need a 100 user open license or what?
Thanks in advance for your help.
5 Replies
Dec 18, 2008 at 9:39 UTC
I may be a little rusty. But you need 1 license for each active user not total users.
Dec 18, 2008 at 9:49 UTC
If you have Terminal Server with Office 2003 on it, you require one User CAL for each terminal session you wish to initiate. Once you know how many CALs you require (you can limit the amount of concurrant Terminal Service connections) you only need as many software licenses as you have CALs, as no more than your total CAL quantity will ever be using the software at any one time.
IANAL, IANYL, but that is how I read it.
Jun 19, 2009 at 2:24 UTC
Unfortunately Microsoft has made it very difficult and expensive to license Office on Terminal Services. Try to avoid it if there is anyway possible. While there are some negatives to using OpenOffice with complex documents and spreadsheets that were created with Microsoft Office, for task based workers it is usually a viable option.
Jun 22, 2009 at 11:08 UTC
What they said ^^
This discussion has been inactive for over a year.
You may get a better answer to your question by starting a new discussion.


text:
86 - 88 Final
Dixon nails game-winning shot, Blazers top TimberwolvesNov 5, 2006 - 5:45 AM PORTLAND, Oregon (Ticker) -- Juan Dixon came up big at just the right time.
The cold-shooting Dixon nailed a game-winning 3-pointer with 4.7 seconds remaining as the Portland Trail Blazers won their fourth consecutive game against the Minnesota Timberwolves, 88-86.
Travis Outlaw had one of the best games of his young career with 18 points and 15 rebounds for the Blazers, who shot just 43 percent (35-of-82) from the field but had only 10 turnovers.
The Timberwolves went to a zone defense on the final possession. Rookie Brandon Roy, who made two foul shots with 57 seconds left, found Dixon in the left corner for the clinching shot.
Dixon struggled for most of the game but came up big when it mattered. The 6-3 guard shot just 4-of-11 from the field and had 10 points.
Zach Randolph scored 17 points and 17 Roy added 16 and eight assists for Portland, which won its sixth straight home opener.
Kevin Garnett had 20 points and 10 rebounds for the Timberwolves, who failed in a bid for their first 3-0 start since 2001.
No one has shouted yet.
Be the first!
Be the first!
Related News
- Timberwolves will not retain Newton, Kander May 20
- Klay Thompson has carried Warriors this postseason May 19
- Towns, Porzingis unanimously selected to All-Rookie 1st team May 19
- After lots of losing, 76ers hope to win big in NBA lottery May 17
- Blazers coach Terry Stotts agrees to 3-year extension May 16
- Timberwolves' Towns is unanimous Rookie of the Year pick May 16
- T-wolves will send Towns with Flip's ring for lottery luck May 16
- Defending champion Warriors expect tough task from Thunder May 16
- Weekend Sports in Brief May 16
- AP Source: Karl-Anthony Towns is NBA Rookie of the Year May 15
- Clarification: Stars fuel hope for mid-major prospects May 13
- Damian Lillard and Trail Blazers look to bright future May 12


text:
It's finally happened. A meme has infiltrated an Australian festival line-up. 2013's Future Music Festival will see a bunch of munters/punters performing 'Gangnam Style' alongside its South Korean creator, PSY. Joining him on the tour are The Prodigy, Bloc Party, Azealia Banks and The Temper Trap.
The full 2013 Future Music Festival line-up:
The Prodigy
The Stone Roses
PSY (Gangnam Style)
Bloc Party
Dizzee Rascal
Azealia Banks
Rita Ora
Boys Noize (Live debut)
The Temper Trap
Ellie Goulding
Steve Aoki
Gypsy & The Cat
A-Trak (Live)
Kill The Noize
Feed Me (Live)
Zeds Dead
DJ Fresh
Zane Lowe
The Stafford Brothers & Timmy Trumpet
Bombs Away
COCOON HEROES feat Sven Väth
Richie Hawtin
Ricardo Villalobos
Seth Troxler
WAKE YOUR MIND feat Cosmic Gate feat Emma Hewitt
Andy Moor
Super8 & Tab
Ben Gold
+ more to be announced!
Tickets are on sale Thursday, October 18. 1st release at $140 + bf and service fees.
Saturday, March 2 – Brisbane, Doomben Racecourse
Sunday, March 3 – Perth, Arena Joondalup – Labour Day Long Weekend
Saturday, March 9 – Sydney, Randwick Racecourse
Sunday, March 10 – Melbourne, Flemington Racecourse – Labour Day Long Weekend
Monday, March 11 – Adelaide, Bonython Park – Adelaide Cup Day
Check the official teaser:


text:
Despite her less-than-auspicious previous roles in summer blockbusters (see "Lady in the Water" and "Spider Man 3"), Armonk native Bryce Dallas Howard looks like she'll be cast in the next film in the "Terminator" saga. She'll be playing Kate Connor, wife of hero John Connor (who'll be played by Chrisitan Bale).
The movie, currently in production in New Mexico and being directed by McG, is going to be called "Terminator Salvation: The Future Begins."
"Bryce Dallas Howard eyes 'Terminator'" [The Hollywood Reporter]
(AP Photo/PA, Yui Mok)


text:
Let us know when your receive great advice so we can thank our lawyers and point others with similar questions in the right direction.Got it!
I am told i owe mv excise tax in 2 towns in ma that are over 8 years old i can,t afford these insane bills that started out under 25 dollars
Typically, excise tax has to be disputed right away. If you do not pay it within the year, the matter is transferred to the RMV who places a hold on renewing your registration and possibly even your license.
Where you waited 8 years to pay, it must be cleared up with the towns before any hold is removed from the RMV computers. You may be able to dispute it with the individual towns, but where you waited so long, its doubtful that they will give you any relief.
Post a free question on our public forum.Ask a Question
- or -
Search for lawyers by reviews and ratings.Find a Lawyer


text:
Welcome to the Nelson Mandela Digital Archive Project. Our aim is to locate, document, digitise, and provide access to all archival materials related to Nelson Mandela. This is a work in progress. Here is a selection of materials arranged in exhibits for your enjoyment.
Nelson Mandela Centre of Memory
Title: Long Walk Original Manuscript (Image #54)
Transcript: "Feeling confident", Mngoma went on, "the missionary turned to the real mission. 'Hail, oh mighty King! Your Majesty as King of the Zulus enforces laws which must be obeyed by all subjects. Your Majesty punishes all those who disobey him. There are many other kings on this earth, with subjects and laws just as your Majesty has. But above all kings in this world there is one who lives up there in heaven. He is King of all Kings, including your Majesty, and his laws must be obeyed by kings and subjects alike. He burns in a huge furnace all those who break his laws.'
"At this stage Shaka called out one of his regiments and ordered each warrior to bring firewood which was then piled up in a heap and set on fire. It burned fiercely and when it was very hot Shaka ordered the regiment to extinguish it with their hands and feet. Many men died in the process, but the fire was ultimately put out. Whereupon Shaka turned to his visitors and told them that there was no king alive who was his superior, and that if anybody tried to burn him alive his army would easily handle the situation. Now son, do you realise what an intelligent man Shaka was?" concluded Mngoma.
In my reading of Zulu history since those days I have found no confirmation of this particular incident, and it may well be that Mngoma's account is a garbled version of the meeting in 1824 between Shaka and the Englishman, F.G. Farewell and H.F. Fynn, the first whites to be received by the Zulu king according to written records. But though there are a few notable exceptions, South African history has been written by whites for whites and rarely takes into account the oral history of the black man.
Reference code: 054
Extent and Medium: 1 page


text:
by Andrew Williamsfor Astrobiology Magazine
Moffet Field CA (NASA) Aug 22, 2014
Researchers have found evidence of a potential "ocean's worth" of water deep beneath the United States. Although not present in a familiar form, the building blocks of water are bound up in rock located deep in the Earth's mantle, and in quantities large enough to represent the largest water reservoir on the planet, according to the research.
For many years, scientists have attempted to establish exactly how much water may be cycling between the Earth's surface and interior reservoirs through the action of plate tectonics.
Northwestern University geophysicist Steve Jacobsen and University of New Mexico seismologist Brandon Schmandt have found deep pockets of magma around 400 miles beneath North America - a strong indicator of the presence of H2O stored in the crystal structure of high-pressure minerals at these depths.
"The total H2O content of the planet has long been among the most poorly constrained 'geochemical parameters' in Earth science. Our study has found evidence for widespread hydration of the mantle transition zone," says Jacobsen.
For at least 20 years geologists have known from laboratory experiments that the Earth's transition zone - a rocky layer of the Earth's mantle located between the lower mantle and upper mantle, at depths between 250 and 410 miles - can, in theory, hold about 1 percent of its total weight as H2O, bound up in minerals called wadsleyite and ringwoodite.
However, as Schmandt explains, up until now it has been difficult to figure out whether that potential water reservoir is empty, as many have suggested, or not.
If there does turn out to be a substantial amount of H2O in the transition zone, then recent laboratory experiments conducted by Jacobsen indicate there should be large quantities of what he calls "partial melt" in areas where mantle flows downward out of the zone. This water-rich silicate melt is molten rock that occurs at grain boundaries between solid mineral crystals and may account for about 1 percent of the volume of rocks.
"Melting occurs because hydrated rocks are carried from the transition zone, where the rocks can hold lots of H2O, downward into the lower mantle, where the rocks cannot hold as much H2O. Melting is the way to get rid of the H2O that won't fit in the crystal structure present in the lower mantle," says Jacobsen.
He adds:"When a rock starts to melt, whatever H2O is bound in the rock will go into the melt right away. So the melt would have much higher H2O concentration than the remaining solid. We're not sure how it got there. Maybe it's been stuck there since early in Earth's history or maybe it's constantly being recycled by plate tectonics."
Seismic Waves
"We were able to analyse seismic waves from earthquakes to look for melt in the mantle just beneath the transition zone," says Schmandt.
"What we found beneath the U.S. is consistent with partial melt being present in areas of downward flow out of the transition zone. Without the presence of H2O, it is very difficult to explain melting at these depths. This is a good hint that the transition zone H2O reservoir is not empty, and even if it's only partially filled that could correspond to about the same mass of H2O as in Earth's oceans," he adds.
Jacobsen and Schmandt hope that their findings, published in the June issue of the journal Science, will help other scientists to understand how the Earth formed and what its current composition and inner workings are, as well as establish how much water is trapped in mantle rock.
"I think we are finally seeing evidence for a whole-Earth water cycle, which may help explain the vast amount of liquid water on the surface of our habitable planet. Scientists have been looking for this missing deep water for decades," says Jacobsen.
Mantle Rock Studies
The USArray is part of Earthscope, a program sponsored by National Science Foundation. Jacobsen's experiments were conducted at two Department of Energy user facilities, the Advanced Photon Source of Argonne National Laboratory and the National Synchrotron Light Source at Brookhaven National Laboratory.
Taken as a whole, their findings produced strong evidence that melting may occur about 400 miles deep in the Earth, with H2O stored in mantle rocks, such as those containing the mineral ringwoodite, which is likely to be a dominant mineral at those depths.
Schmandt explains that he made this discovery after carrying out seismic imaging of the boundary between the transition zone and lower mantle. He found evidence that, in areas where "sharp transitions" like melt are present, some earthquake energy had converted from a compressional, or longitudinal wave, to a shear or S-wave.
The phase of the converted S-waves in areas where the mantle is flowing down and out of the transition zone indicated a significantly lower velocity than surrounding mantle.
The discovery suggests that water from the Earth's surface can be driven to such great depths by plate tectonics, eventually resulting in the partial melting of the rocks found deep in the mantle.
"We used many seismic wave conversions to see that many areas beneath the U.S. may have some melt just beneath the transition zone. The next step was comparing these areas to the areas where mantle flow models predict downward flow out of the transition zone," says Schmandt.
"Not only was this the first terrestrial ringwoodite ever seen - all other natural ringwoodite examples came from shocked meteorites - but the tiny inclusion of ringwoodite was also full of H2O, to about 1.5 percent of total weight," says Jacobsen.
"This is about the maximum amount of water that we are able to put into ringwoodite in laboratory experiments."
Although the discovery provided direct evidence of water in the deep mantle at about 700 kilometers (434 miles) deep, the diamond sampled only one point of the mantle. Jacobsen explains that the paper expands the search to question how widespread hydration might be throughout the entire transition zone.
This is important because the presence of H2O in the large volumes of rock found at depths of between 410 to 660 kilometers (255 to 410 miles) would "significantly alter our understanding of the composition of the Earth."
"It would double or triple the known amount of H2O in the bulk Earth. Just 1 to 2 percent H2O by weight in the transition zone would be equivalent to 2 to 3 times the amount of H2O in the oceans," adds Jacobsen.
Big Questions
Is the transition zone, if it contains a geochemical reservoir of H2O larger than the oceans, somehow buffering the amount of liquid water on the Earth's surface?
"An analogy could be that of a sponge, which needs to be filled before liquid water can be supported on top. Was water in the transition zone added through plate tectonics early in Earth's history, or did the oceans de-gas from the mantle until an equilibrium was reached between surface and interior reservoirs?" asks Jacobsen.
Either way, the research is likely to be of strong interest to astrobiologists largely because water is often so closely linked to the formation of biological life. Remote geochemical analysis could be one way of detecting if such processes occur elsewhere in the universe, and it is likely that such analysis would involve the use of gamma-ray, neutron, and x-ray spectrometers of the type used by the NASA MESSENGER spacecraft for the remote geochemical mapping of Mercury.
"On other hard to reach planets it's not practical to apply the type of seismic imaging that I used. So my guess is that geochemical analysis of volcanic rocks from other planetary bodies may be our best way to test whether volatiles are stored in the planet's interior," says Schmandt.
Related Links
Astrobiology Magazine
Water News - Science, Technology and Politics
|The content herein, unless otherwise known to be public domain, are Copyright 1995-2014 - Space Media Network. All websites are published in Australia and are solely subject to Australian law and governed by Fair Use principals for news reporting and research purposes. AFP, UPI and IANS news wire stories are copyright Agence France-Presse, United Press International and Indo-Asia News Service. ESA news reports are copyright European Space Agency. All NASA sourced material is public domain. Additional copyrights may apply in whole or part to other bona fide parties. Advertising does not imply endorsement, agreement or approval of any opinions, statements or information provided by Space Media Network on any Web page published or hosted by Space Media Network. Privacy Statement All images and articles appearing on Space Media Network have been edited or digitally altered in some way. Any requests to remove copyright material will be acted upon in a timely and appropriate manner. Any attempt to extort money from Space Media Network will be ignored and reported to Australian Law Enforcement Agencies as a potential case of financial fraud involving the use of a telephonic carriage device or postal service.


text:
A/N: As I was writing this fic for Halloween, I realized that L's birthday was on Halloween! *smacks herself on the forehead* But I'm sorry to say, that this will not be dedicated to L. (pouts) But I promise I will make one for him next year! Please read and review! Much appreciated to Forbiddensould562 who beta'd this fic! I do not own Death Note or any of the characters.
I looked up at the darkened sky as fireworks lit up the area. I sighed, feeling a bit of remorse. 'I guess the Halloween festival is finally starting...'
I began heading into the crowds of people standing at the game and food booths. I stopped at one gaming area; it wasn't much as good of a booth as the other ones thought. No, this game was different. This one was a haunted house, the main attraction of this festival. Inside of this event consists of maze of mirrors, live people in scary costumes, mechanical dolls and such.
It brought back the good memories...as well as the bad.
I was 15 and in highschool. You could say that I'm the kid who always got in trouble for skipping school and detention. This is one of the days I decided to skip my so-called school. I was walking down the street to an unfamiliar land, skipping school as always, when something suddenly smacked me in the face. I stopped to pull the paper off; it was a flyer to a halloween event at a nearby park. The event was held tonight at 7:00pm, Ueno Park. Eh, at least it would give me something do other than seeing kids leech candy off of strangers.
I headed towards Ueno Park, people had already started setting up their booths and the smell of fried pastries wafted in the air, making me drool. The jack-o-lanterns were lit, setting the Halloween mood. Once done setting up, the people began to come and quickly filled up the area. I joined in too, getting some candied apple and making my way down the rows of vendors.
I had noticed that the games were okay, but the one that had me really captivated was the haunted house. I was more of a daredevil, so these kinds of things really got me interested. I walked in, expecting to be scared shitless, but it turned out to be what I hadn't expected. The whole time I was thinking to myself how much better this whole set up could be. If only I had the motivation to make one such as this.
The props weren't as bloody and alive as they should be, the decorations were close to what should be in a Haunted house, and the actors seemed to have no motivation to scare us. But I gave them props to some of things like the maze of mirrors. I was impressed, since I couldn't find my way out of it.
Up ahead, I found a person, a blonde to be exact. He had shoulder-length hair and looked about a year or so older than me. His face was scrunched up as if someone had stuck him here for fun and left him to fend for himself.
" Um, do you need help finding your way out?" I had asked the boy and he glared at me,
" What, do I look like I'm three?"
" No..." I replied uncomfortably.
" Tch," the blonde responded moving past me and disappeared behind a wall of mirrors. I tried to follow him, but he was nowhere to be found. I decided to figure out how to get out when I noticed something I hadn't seen before; a post-it stuck to one of the mirrors and there was an arrow drawn on it. Thinking it was a trick, I decided to find some other way out, but the arrow was drawing me in. I finally took the risk and followed it.
It led me into another room and this time another arrow had presented itself, but what had me pegged was that the arrow was pointing at a wall. Did whoever left this here expect me to hit myself silly? I turned around, hopefully to go back the way I came, but instead I smacked myself into a wall. I groaned, grabbing my nose in pain.
A slight snicker made itself heard and I turned to look at a little brunette girl laughing at me. The humiliation!
" What are you laughing at, girl?" I replied.
" You just hit yourself," the girl giggled again and just when I wanted to go over and strangle her, she made a dash towards where the arrow was pointing and disappeared. I hesitantly walked over to where the arrow was pointing and stood there looking at it. It was definately a wall there, but just how did the little girl disappear? I stood there thinking and thinking and decided to test it. I reached my hand out, slowly approaching the seemingly solid wall and my hand suddenly passed right through it. I was perplexed!
" Hurry up, kid," a rough voice replied behind me. I straightened up and moved away. The guy too had passed right through the wall that the girl had disappeared through minutes earlier. I shut my eyes and ran through the wall, hoping for an impact; there was none.
" Congrats. Took you long enough, what are you? Scared?" sarcasm dripped from his words as I looked up to see the blond from before. I looked away,
" N-No."
" Che, liar."
After that day, we started hanging out together. I even learned that he was German and that his name was Mello. Every Halloween day he would remind me of my attempt to pass through the wall and other times, we would talk about plans to build our own Haunted House. It would be perfect. No one would be able to top us.
The whole outline was drawn and it was time to build it. But we didn't have enough money to buy the supplies needed. That's when we improvised and the only thing we could think of was to take what we needed and get the heck out of there.
It sounded simple at first, but when we went for our first attempt my legs started to collapse. I was shaking out of fear, fear that I would get caught and be sentence to life in prision. I didn't want to live in jail for the rest of my life. I wanted to...
" You're not going to chicken out on me, are you Matt?" Mello's voice pierced my thoughts and I snapped my head to look at darkness shadowed his face, making him hard to read. It was late at night, almost 11pm and the chilliness of the October air sent shivers up my spine.
" Of course not. I'll just...watch from here. To see if anyone's coming." I decided. The blond rolled his eyes and pulled my arm, dragging me with him. I tried to resist but his grip was stronger and firmer. In the end, I helped him load the supplies into the car. Suddenly I tripped a wire, causing the alarm to go off.
" Matt, hurry up! The police are going to come any minute now!" Mello cried, hurrying out first. I grabbed the last plank and made my way after him. I could hear the police sirens far off in the distance and Mello gunned the engine and we flew down the road. Minutes later, we were driving on the road, no one was following us. I breathed out a sigh of relief.
" You thought they got us, huh? Just know that nothing can catch us," Mello stated. I looked over at the blond and smiled, he was right.
End of Flashback
I scoffed at the memory, how wrong Mello was. It was then two years later that the Haunted House we had planned was finally finished...
" There, it's finished and ready for the Halloween event tomorrow," Mello replied proudly, standing back to see the finishing product in all of it's glory. I stood next to him, the house was perfect. It all went according to the blueprints, from the webbed windows, to the broken staircase, to the scary but confusing maze inside.
That night, I went to sleep knowing what tomorrow would bring. How many customers would flock just to see Mello & Matt's Haunted House of Horror. I smiled happily, finally falling asleep.
While I was safely tucked away at home, Mello stayed back at the haunted house to make sure that everything was functioning according to plan. It was until the blond tripped against something and the rope had caught itself under his chin and the machinery hoisted the rope up, causing the blond to struggle and struggle until there was no more.
I remember walking to the Mello & Matt's Haunted House of Horrors the next day waiting for the blond to show up. He had the keys to the house and I didn't feel like breaking in when it took us almost two years to build it. I stood out there waiting and waiting, that's when people started coming over and checking the place out. They had already gotten the tickets to come see it. I tried to open the door and to my surprise it was still unlocked. Many things ran through my mind; Did Mello forgot to lock it? Did someone break it? Or was it that Mello came here early just to do some finishing touches on some things?
I chose to think it was the last one and let them in. I stood outside waiting for the blond to come out. I heard some screams in there and I could only smirk, I love their screams. They were like music to my ears.
About 10 minutes later, the group came out and some looked terrified to death. They told me that one of the dummies in the locker room looked real. The blond hair and everything.
" Wait a minute," I had thought, "when did we ever have a blond person for a dummy? I thought the dummy's hair was brown not...Oh shit..." I ran into the house, and all of it's scaring tactics to the locker room in the middle of the house. I stopped short upon reaching the room. There, hanged on the ceiling was none other than Mello.
I felt tears pricking the corner of my eyes. I felt my legs collapsing under me, the world started to spin. There was no way, how could this have happened?
Mello was dead.
We were supposed to see this through together. Why did you have to go now?
" You thought they got us, huh? Just know that nothing can catch us,"
You lied, Mello. Because Death already got you.
End of Flashback
I stood there in front of the haunted house, I had promised myself that day at Mello's funeral that I wouldn't celebrate Halloween, at least not without him. I continued on my way down the rows of vendors. I shook my head, there was no time for reminiscing. It's all in the past now and I'm moving onto the future with Mello right by my side.


text:
Mmf And The Cricut
Decorating By aprilblack Updated 23 May 2010 , 12:38pm by aprilblack
Hi, has anyone used MMF on the cricut before? Where there any problems and did it make clean cuts? Thanks so much!! April
I have used it and there wasn't any problems... everything came out nice and clean.... as longs as ur mat is criscoED and i freeze the paste 1-2 minutes... P2 S3 that should do it
Thank you thank you so much!!
Quote by @%username% on %date%


text:
Previous Challenge Entry (Level 1 – Beginner)
Topic: Retreat (as in quiet time away) (08/01/05)
TITLE: Remember the Sabbath
By Robin Hencke
Gentle ocean breeze, waves breaking on the sand, lounge chair under a big umbrella, cool drink of water, tea, soda, or lemonade, clear blue skies, dolphins playing in the surf, temperature a constant seventy-five degrees, doesn't get any better.
Rustle rustle. Trinkle trinkle.
Sixty-eight degrees, light breeze, autumn sun filtering through the tall pines and oaks, changing leaves floating effortlessly to the forest floor, walking through the splendor of God's creation, doesn't get any better.
Pencil, paper, computer, keyboard, Wordpad, and thesaurus, doesn't get any better. "Errt. Back up a minute. Chillin' on the beach I understand. Taking a walk in the woods I understand. But what in the world do pencil, paper, and a computer have to do with a retreat?" Hold on I'll be getting there.
Wife, mother of three teenage boys – one of whom has his driver's license- homemaker, fulltime employee, youth Sunday school teacher, choir member, furthering education, doesn't get any more hectic that this.
Should go without saying that sometimes I would like to retreat in every sense of the word. Militarily: I want to turn and run the opposite direction from the daily fight to a place of safety. Spiritually: A few days of games and Bible study are a great pick me up. I could use a spiritual retreat once a week. Physical and mental rest: There's another biggie. Some days I think I will do a total melt down if I can't put my body and mind to rest if even for a few hours.
God commanded us to take a day of rest because He knew, before He created the world in all its fullness, we would become busier than any worker ant; that our lives would get so full that our plates would spill over and, if not careful, break.
My ideal retreat is a cabin in the woods or time at the beach. Unfortunately I do not have the option of taking off whenever necessary, just like everyone else. One way I like to escape the daily battle is with a good old movie. My favorites are the movies with Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers. I also like a good World War II movie. It's amazing how relaxing a good old movie can be. Quite often I fall asleep. Good rest for the mind and body.
I know. I know. None of this explains the pencil, paper, and computer. Well I will enlighten you. My all time favorite retreat is writing. There is just something about putting words together that refreshes me. Perhaps it is because I can put myself in another time and place when writing fiction or maybe it is that I can express my emotions in poetry. Writing commentary allows me to vent my views on world woes. Song lyrics and music help me feel closer to God. Through a children's story I can educate. More than likely the reason writing is my best retreat is that when I am writing I am being true to the calling God has placed on my life, I am being a good steward of the ability He has given me to use for Him.
Before God began creating He knew humans would become busier than any worker ant. He knew our lives would become so hectic that our plates would spill over and, if not careful, break. That is why God commanded us to take a day of rest and keep it Holy. Sadly we do not truly take a Sabbath. We take Sunday as our day of rest, but we tend to fill our Sundays with so many activities that we are fortunate if we can catch a quick nap. As for keeping it Holy, regretfully for many, after church is over, God is put back on the shelf until the next Sunday.
It is no wonder that our society has gone so far astray. Without weekly rest for our minds and bodies and time to focus on God our thinking, reasoning, and responding become skewed. We need the Sabbath and to keep it Holy to prevent us from becoming like the world.
My goal is to get my life, with the Lord's help, free of the useless busyness and settled into a healthy routine of remembering the Sabbath and keeping it Holy.
The opinions expressed by authors may not necessarily reflect the opinion of FaithWriters.com.
If you died today, are you absolutely certain that you would go to heaven? You can be right now. CLICK HERE
JOIN US at FaithWriters for Free. Grow as a Writer and Spread the Gospel.


text:
Pundits of Punk
Today's Top 40 hits are the shortest of short stories. They are moments in time, blips of consciousness.
Not so the songs of local punk band Crying 4 Kafka.
"Human Rights Brutalized" opines that wealthy nations are morally obligated to eliminate human suffering.
"Pride 2 Swallow" criticizes the greed and materialism of the Bernie Madoff subprime-mortgage years. "Who then can you trust?/Men in suits, the upper crust?/Clearly not, unless to say/Take my heart take my pay."
Upcoming Events
CSUN Womens Soccer
TicketsSun., Aug. 27, 1:00pm
CSUN Mens Soccer
TicketsSun., Aug. 27, 5:00pm
Premium Seating: Los Angeles Angels v. Oakland Athletics
TicketsMon., Aug. 28, 7:07pm
Los Angeles Angels vs. Oakland Athletics
TicketsMon., Aug. 28, 7:07pm
UCLA Bruins Football Season Ticket Deposit
TicketsSun., Sep. 3, 4:30pm
"When Hate Becomes Commonplace," influenced by Hannah Arendt's Eichmann in Jerusalem, laments our violence-saturated media.
And "Demons Come Dance," which became a minihit in Santa Barbara, holds forth on the best way to conquer your psychological demons: "Demons come, demons go/Step aside, let them flow."
These tracks are, in essence, singing editorials. "They do say that music is a pitch to the disaffected," says Paul Abramson, Crying 4 Kafka's endlessly energetic co–lead vocalist and lyricist.
Some punk-rock songs, though, can be like Freudian slips, when you say one thing but mean your father. The "demon" in Crying 4 Kafka's most popular song is many things to many listeners — drug addiction, alcoholism, mental illness, domestic violence. To Abramson, it's his dad: "He was like the main character in Death of a Salesman but with a foul mouth and poor impulse control."
A classical violinist who washed up in real estate, his dad is the stuff of suburban Greek tragedies. He was a man with great ideas, and an inability to execute them. He was the Army master sergeant who brought home a Purple Heart and a bad attitude. The military's angry discourse followed him home from war. The dog was the fucking dog. The kids were the fucking kids.
These types of fathers beget sons who grow up to be either psychologists or punks. Paul Abramson's dad got both in one.
By night, a punk-rock singer. By day, a mild-mannered professor. "This is the world I created for myself," Abramson says, sitting in a squashy chair in the same spare, utilitarian university office he's sat in for three decades. UCLA's psychology department hired him in his 20s and he has been there ever since.
Now 60, Abramson studies human sexuality, and is often asked to be an expert witness in sex-abuse trials. Here's one. One day, a 6-year-old girl winds up in the hospital bleeding, having been raped by her 40-year-old mother's 17-year-old boyfriend. But the police, the doctors and Child Protective Services send her home for six more months, where the rapes continue until the girl passes a note to her friends at school. At the trial Abramson testified on behalf of the victim.
That case became the song "Fuck Mom, Fuck Dad." Sometimes, the sensible, reasoned language of academia just isn't enough.
"What I like about punk rock is that you can juxtapose a street language with a metaphorical language," Abramson says. "You can be more poetic, more forceful."
Crying 4 Kafka consists of Abramson, his 58-year-old neighbor and co-lyricist Steve Stewart; 52-year-old bassist Joe Dean; and drummer Brandon Thibeault, at 24 the youngest of the group.
"I've wondered what Brandon gets out of it," Abramson says. "Maybe he likes the stability of older guys. We show up on time. We don't do drugs or get wasted. The band's not in danger of falling apart at any minute."
Choosing at 60 years old to be the lead singer of a punk-rock band, choosing not to be embarrassed, is an act of rebellion, he believes.
At gigs, they are sometimes mistaken for the parents of the band, instead of the band. It happened recently at the Viper Room. "You here to see your kids play?" a guy from their opening act asked.
Other times, students stumble upon Abramson's shows and are surprised to see their professor onstage.
"A lot of what we do creates cognitive dissonance," he admits.
Still, they press on. "My bandmates would probably be upset if nobody showed up for our gigs," he says. "But if the objective is for these songs to be a catalyst for social change, then influencing even just one person is powerful."
Getting friends in their age group to come see the band play, however, is a lofty objective. "Well, geez, you're going on after 9 p.m.?" they ask. "Sorry. I'm asleep by then."
Get the ICYMI: Today's Top Stories Newsletter Our daily newsletter delivers quick clicks to keep you in the know
Catch up on the day's news and stay informed with our daily digest of the most popular news, music, food and arts stories in Los Angeles, delivered to your inbox Monday through Friday.
Recommended for You
Powered by SailThru
Upcoming Events
Los Angeles Rams vs. Los Angeles Chargers
TicketsSat., Aug. 26, 5:00pm
Premium Seating: Los Angeles Angels v. Houston Astros
TicketsSat., Aug. 26, 6:07pm
Los Angeles Angels vs. Houston Astros
TicketsSat., Aug. 26, 6:07pm
April's Fools Improv Troupe
TicketsSat., Aug. 12, 7:30pmpowered by goldstar
Sponsor Content


text:
|First appearance
|6th December 1989
|Number of appearances
|Played by
|Christine Mackie
The Nurse at Victoria Hospital in Blackpool saw Bet Gilroy when she went there with a complaint in December 1989. Upon being seen, Bet admitted that it was really her friend Rita Fairclough who needed help, but lying was the only way for her to get Rita there. Due to recent events involving Alan Bradley, Rita had retreated to a time before she knew him in her mind.
The nurse was annoyed at Bet's deception and reminded her that it was a casualty department, but seeing how desperate Bet was, she agreed to take down some details and see what she could do. While Bet was filling out forms, Rita fled the hospital.