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We assessed which types of mass media messages might reduce disparities in smoking prevalence among disadvantaged population subgroups.
We followed 1491 adult smokers over 24 months and related quitting status at follow-up to exposure to antismoking ads in the 2 years prior to the baseline assessment.
On average, smokers were exposed to more than 200 antismoking ads during the 2-year period, as estimated by televised gross ratings points (GRPs). The odds of having quit at follow-up increased by 11% with each 10 additional potential ad exposures (per 1000 points, odds ratio [OR]=1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.00, 1.23; P<.05). Greater exposure to ads that contained highly emotional elements or personal stories drove this effect (OR=1.14; 95% CI 1.02, 1.29; P<.05), which was greater among respondents with low and mid-socioeconomic status than among high–socioeconomic status groups.
Emotionally evocative ads and ads that contain personalized stories about the effects of smoking and quitting hold promise for efforts to promote smoking cessation and reduce socioeconomic disparities in smoking.
Tobacco use inflicts the greatest burden of illness on those least able to afford it.1,2 An enormous challenge for tobacco control is how to tackle the consistently higher levels of smoking prevalence found among disadvantaged groups,3–5 especially because these gaps may be widening.6,7 Televised antismoking campaigns provide an effective population-wide method of preventing smoking uptake,8,9 promoting adult smoking cessation,10 and reducing adult smoking prevalence,11 and research indicates that some types of ads may be more effective than others. Antismoking messages that produce strong emotional arousal, particularly personal stories or graphic portrayals of the health effects of smoking, tend to perform well12; they are perceived to be more effective than others, are more memorable, and generate more thought and discussion.13–16 However, it is unclear whether different types of messages might maintain, increase, or mitigate the disparities in smoking prevalence across population subgroups.
Research on subgroup differences in responses to a range of anti-tobacco ads has not found systematic differences by gender, race/ethnicity, or nationality.13,17–19 A review of the literature on the use of mass media concluded that in comparison with their effects on other populations, campaigns have often been less effective, sometimes equally effective, but rarely more effective in promoting cessation among socioeconomically disadvantaged populations.20 However, many of the less effective general-audience campaigns were hampered by minimal reach to smokers of low socioeconomic status (SES) because they were low-cost campaigns unable to afford extensive media exposure.20
Most research examining longer-term quit rates in the context of large-scale, well-funded antismoking campaigns found comparable quit rates or reductions in smoking prevalence in low- and high-SES groups.21–28 However, to our knowledge, no population-based research has examined the relationship between the degree of exposure to different types of antismoking messages and quit rates between low- and high-SES groups.
A variety of theories29–38 provide guidance about which styles of ads may best encourage quitting, especially among members of lower socioeconomic groups. Consistent with these theories, reviews of the effects of antismoking advertising have concluded that advertisements that evoke strong emotional responses through negative visceral imagery or personal stories about the health effects of smoking can increase attention, generate greater recall and appeal, and influence smoking beliefs and intentions.12,39,40 Recent research indicates that self-relevant emotional reactions (i.e., emotional reflections about one's life, body, or behavior that are triggered by the ad41) may be especially persuasive, because they affect perceptions of future risk of becoming ill,42 which in turn have been linked with reduced cigarette consumption, increased intentions to quit, and quit attempts.43
Antismoking ads that use strong graphic imagery of the health effects of smoking are likely to be predominately associated with high negative emotional arousal, but personal stories of the consequences of smoking may evoke high or low levels of emotion depending on the particular story and the degree to which smokers relate to the characters.38 However, less emotional personal testimonials may still be more effective than other types of less emotional ads because there is no explicit persuasive intent against which smokers may react38,44 and because health information is presented in a story-based format, which people learn to process naturally from an early age.45
Because lower-SES groups tend to have a greater degree of resistance to messages from the health care sector,46 lower health literacy levels,47,48 greater likelihood of belief in myths about cancer risks and prevention,49 and less perception that smoking increases a person's chance of getting cancer,48 we proposed that emotional messages and personal stories might be especially influential. Presenting antismoking messages in an emotional or personal testimonial format may convey health information to these smokers in a way that is difficult to discount, natural and easy to process, and likely to arouse emotions that lead to increased perceptions of susceptibility to smoking-related diseases and motivation to quit.38,42,44
Drawing on the only previous study to examine the effect on adult quitting of the degree of exposure to antismoking ads,10 we first hypothesized that when all types of advertisements were considered together, greater exposure to these antismoking ads would be associated with greater likelihood of quitting by follow-up. Our second hypothesis was that particular types of antismoking ads (those containing highly emotional elements or personal testimonials about the effects of smoking) would be associated with a greater chance of successful quitting by follow-up than would exposure to ads without these elements. Finally, we hypothesized that highly emotional or personal testimonial ads would be especially effective among lower-SES groups.
Our data came from the first 2 waves of the UMass Tobacco Study, a longitudinal survey of Massachusetts adults designed to investigate responses to the Massachusetts Tobacco Control Program. During the period surrounding the data collection for the baseline survey (1999–2002), 134 different anti-tobacco television ads aired in Massachusetts. Viewers were exposed to a range of ads from the Massachusetts Tobacco Control Program and the American Legacy Foundation, along with a small proportion from the New York State Tobacco Program where media markets overlapped state lines (i.e. Albany, Schenectady, Troy).
Between January 2001 and June 2002, the baseline survey obtained a probability sample from 6739 adults, oversampling adult smokers, young adults (aged 18–30 years), and recent quitters. Of residential households sampled, 66% were successfully screened, and 70% of eligible adults were interviewed (overall response rate=46%). Recontact was attempted with all adults in the baseline sample (n=4991) between January 2003 and July 2004, and a follow-up rate of 56% (n=2805) was achieved. We analyzed data only from respondents who were baseline smokers, were successfully recontacted at follow-up, and lived within the 3 largest media markets in Massachusetts for which ratings data were available (n=1491).
At each wave, a current smoker was defined as a respondent reporting lifetime consumption of at least 100 cigarettes who currently smoked some days or every day. Cessation was defined as abstinence from smoking for at least 1 month at the time of the follow-up interview.
We assessed the emotional intensity of individual tobacco control ads aired by state sponsors or the American Legacy Foundation by asking 18 adult independent raters to view and rate them. We determined the presence of emotionally arousing content by the mean score (on a scale of 1–7) on 3 items describing the ads as emotional, intense, and powerful. Ads with scores equal to or above the midpoint were classified as highly emotional. This process provided ratings for 74% of the individual ads aired by the state sponsors and the American Legacy Foundation. The remaining ads were viewed by researchers and categorized by characteristics known to relate to strong emotions. Of the 134 ads aired, 35.1% were rated as highly emotional ads.
Ads were categorized as personal testimonials if they portrayed people describing their personal experiences with smoking or how smoking affected their lives or the lives of their families. Often the ads depicted an individual talking to the audience about his or her pain and suffering in a familiar setting such as a home or a hospital. Of all 134 ads, 31.3% were rated as personal testimonial ads (64% of these were rated as highly emotional). Personal testimonial ads categorized by researchers achieved a concordance rate over 95%, and discrepancies were discussed and resolved.
We categorized 20.2% of the ads as both highly emotional and personal testimonial, 13.4% as highly emotional but not personal testimonial, 11.2% as personal testimonial but not highly emotional, and 53.7% as neither. The box on the next page contains a description and examples of each of these types of ads. Ads categorized as highly emotional, personal testimonial, or both were considered together (44.8%) and were compared with ads without these elements, the comparison ads.
We ascertained the volume of broadcast, measured in gross ratings points (GRPs), of antismoking ads aired in Massachusetts from Nielsen Media Research monitoring records. GRPs represent the sum of all household rating points achieved by a schedule of advertisements for a particular period within a particular media market. For example, 30 GRPs for an ad or program indicates that 30% of the households in a given media market were tuned to that program at that time. GRPs for an ad or program summed over a given time provide estimates of how often the total media market has potentially been exposed to an ad or type of ad over that period. For example, 1000 GRPs for a 2-year period can indicate that all (100%) of the target population has been exposed, 10 times on average, to an ad or program. GRPs provide estimates of potential exposure to ads for households within a particular population area, but they do not equate to actual individual exposure. Some viewers may have been reached more often and some less often, depending on their TV-watching frequency. We computed the sum of monthly GRPs for tobacco control ads for each of the media markets and merged this with the individual adult data according to the interview month and the media market in which the respondent lived. GRPs for 2 ads sponsored by American Legacy Foundation were not able to be identified by Nielsen Media Research, so the GRPs for these ads were removed from the analysis. For these unidentified ads there were only 2.62 GRPs in 2001 and 228.96 in 2002.
We computed 3 ad exposure measures for each respondent, 1 for total tobacco control ads (state and American Legacy Foundation ads combined), 1 for the tobacco control ads that contained highly emotional or personal testimonial elements, and 1 for the comparison ads (Table 1). Each measure was a sum of GRPs for 24 months, reflecting an individual's total potential exposure to ads over the 2 years prior to the date of the baseline interview in the media market where the respondent lived. We divided these sums by 1000 to aid interpretation of effects: each 1-unit increase in the 3 GRP measures represented 10 additional potential exposures over the 24-month period to (1) all tobacco control ads, (2) highly emotional or personal testimonial ads, and (3) comparison ads. Because the baseline data collection period spanned 18 months, there was wide variation in potential exposure to the ads among individual smokers who were interviewed at different times and in different media markets.
Socioeconomic status was determined by education and income. Respondents with high school or less education and with an income of $50000 per year or less were classified as low SES. Those who had at least some college education and earned more than $50000 per year were classified as high SES. Participants who had lower levels of education but a higher income level or who had higher education but a lower income were classified as mid-SES. At baseline, 218 smokers did not provide their income or their education level and were therefore categorized as undetermined SES.
Covariates included minority status (minority versus non-Hispanic White), gender, age (at baseline), and addiction level (heavy or light). Respondents who reported smoking within 30 minutes of waking or smoking more than 20 cigarettes per day were classified as heavily addicted. We classified smokers at a lower addiction level if they reported not smoking within 30 minutes of waking and smoking fewer than 20 cigarettes per day. We also included as a covariate usual TV watching between 8 PM and 11 PM in a typical week (0–3 days/week, 4–6 days/week, or 7 days/week). We included this as a proxy measure of individual TV-watching frequency. We also included the number of months between the baseline and follow-up interviews (range=21–35 months; 89% of the sample was reinterviewed between 21 and 26 months after baseline) and the media market in which the respondent lived as covariates in all analyses.
For the baseline sample, we computed survey weights to adjust for the probability of selection. As in any longitudinal study, attrition from wave to wave may have reduced representativeness. Analyses of the baseline differences between adult respondents at follow-up and those who failed to respond indicated that responders were significantly more likely to be older, female, non-Hispanic White, and more educated. We used these variables in an iterative raking procedure to create adjustments to the weights, which yielded distributions on these demographic characteristics at follow-up that either were identical to those at baseline or differed by at most 0.4 percentage points.
Multivariate logistic regression analyses tested our first hypothesis, that total potential exposure to tobacco control ads would predict quitting at follow-up, as well as whether there was an interaction between total potential exposure to tobacco control ads and SES status. We also used multivariate logistic regression to test our second hypothesis, that exposure to ads with highly emotional or personal testimonial elements would raise the probability of quitting by follow-up, compared with exposure to the comparison ads. We added interaction terms to the multivariate logistic regression to test our third hypothesis, that the emotionally evocative or personal testimonial ads would be especially effective among respondents with low SES. We ran a set of multiple logistic regression analyses separately for each SES group to provide odds ratios for Figure 1. All analyses included as covariates age, gender, minority status, addiction level, TV-watching frequency, number of months between baseline and follow-up interviews, and the media market in which each participant resided.
Of the 1491 individuals who were smoking at baseline, 16.1% had quit for 1 month or more at the time of the follow-up interview. Just under half had, at most, a high school education (46.1%), and 41.8% earned $50000 per year or less; 24.6% reported both of these low-SES indicators. Half had more than a high school education (51.5%), and 45.8% earned more than $50000 per year; 29.8% reported both of these high-SES indicators. A further 30.9% had 1 low- and 1 high-SES indicator (mid-SES group), and 14.7% did not disclose their education or income (undetermined SES). Table 1 displays characteristics of the sample by demographic subgroup.
On average, smokers were exposed to 853.4 (SE=2.2) tobacco control ad GRPs per month, or an average overall total of 20480 (SE=50) tobacco control ad GRPs over the 24 months that preceded the baseline interview. These comprised 438.2 (SE=1.9) highly emotional or personal testimonial ad GRPs per month (10520 GRPs overall) and 415.2 (SE=1.7) comparison ad GRPs per month (9960 GRPs overall).
Our analysis of the effect of potential exposure to total tobacco control ads indicated that this was a significant predictor of quitting status at follow-up: the odds of having quit increased by 11% with each 10 additional potential antismoking ad exposures (per 1000 GRPs, odds ratio [OR]=1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.00, 1.23; P<.05). We found no significant interaction between total potential exposures and SES status (interaction χ2=5.21; P>.05).
Our analysis of the effect of potential exposure to different types of ads indicated that level of potential exposure to emotionally evocative or personal testimonial ads was a significant predictor of quitting at follow-up (Table 2). For each 10 additional potential exposures over the 2-year period to these types of ads, the odds that smokers quit were 1.14 times as high. However, level of potential exposure to comparison ads was not a significant predictor of quitting at follow-up (OR=0.93; 95% CI=0.61, 1.40; P>.05; Table 2).
We also examined the interaction between potential exposure to each type of ad and SES group. We observed a significant interaction between SES group and potential exposure to the emotionally evocative ads (interaction χ2=9.57; P<.05), but no interaction between SES group and the comparison ads (interaction χ2=1.52; P>.05). Figure 1 shows the odds ratios for the relationship between potential exposure to highly emotional or personal testimonial ads and quitting, calculated for each separate SES group after adjustment for all covariates. The figure shows an increased likelihood of quitting for each 10 additional potential exposures to an emotionally evocative or personal testimonial ad for respondents in the low-SES group, the mid-SES group, and the undetermined-SES group. By contrast, smokers in the high-SES group showed a decreased likelihood of quitting with each 10 additional potential exposures to these types of ads. We also conducted an alternate set of analyses without the undetermined-SES group, and the overall interaction findings remained the same.
Potential exposure to all antismoking ads was associated with a greater likelihood of quitting at follow-up; the odds of baseline smokers having quit at follow-up increased by 11% with each 10 additional potential exposures to a tobacco control antismoking ad (or 1000 antismoking ad GRPs). This confirms our first hypothesis and is consistent with the only previous study to examine this question in adults.10 When converted to relative risks associated with exposure to 5000 GRPs, as in the previous study,10 this effect equates to a 48.9% increase in the relative risk of quitting. This is somewhat greater than the 10% increase found by Hyland et al.,10 but similar to the 40% increase estimated by Levy et al.50
We also found that emotionally evocative ads drove this effect, confirming our second hypothesis. Smokers who were exposed to more highly emotional and personal testimonial ads were significantly more likely to have quit smoking by follow-up: the odds of baseline smokers having quit by follow-up increased by 14% with each 10 additional potential exposures to these ads (70.6% increase in relative risk of quitting per 5000 emotionally evocative ad GRPs). Potential exposure to the comparison ads was not associated with quitting.
Our results are consistent with previous laboratory-based research that showed that highly emotional antismoking ads are more likely to be recalled, to be perceived as more effective, and to be thought about and discussed.13–16 Often public health agencies are reluctant to air hard-hitting emotional ads. However, our findings underscore the importance of developing emotionally evocative ads rather than messages that are considered more palatable and upbeat.
Our findings also add to the theory and emerging literature on the utility of narrative communication in persuasion.38,42,44 Narratives, by contrast to ads featuring experts or scientific demonstrations, can reduce the tendency toward counterargument (e.g., self-exemptions), increase viewers' insight into what it would be like to have a specific illness, and increase perceptions of group and personal vulnerability through identification with characters in the ads.
We found no interaction between the extent of potential exposure to all tobacco control antismoking ads considered together and SES, consistent with the majority of previous research examining the overall effects of well-funded campaigns on quitting and smoking prevalence across SES groups.23–26 Our study adds to this literature by examining the relationship between quitting and the extent of potential exposure, rather than only whether respondents were in the jurisdiction or community that was exposed.
Consistent with our third hypothesis, we found an interaction between SES and the level of potential exposure to emotionally evocative or personal testimonial ads. The pattern of quitting across groups indicated that greater potential exposure to these types of ads was associated with a greater likelihood of quitting among low-SES, mid-SES, and undetermined-SES groups but not in the high-SES group. This indicates that extensive exposure to emotionally evocative antismoking messages may be particularly effective among populations with the highest smoking rates (low SES) and with the highest proportion of smokers (mid-SES). Thus, the pattern of greater effect among low-SES than high-SES groups indicates that wide distribution of these highly emotional and story-based ads may contribute to the reduction of socioeconomic disparities in smoking.
A limitation of our study was that GRPs measure potential exposure at a population level rather than confirmed individual-level exposure; however, studies have shown a strong association between GRP levels and self-reported recall of ads.16,51 A strength of our study was matching media exposure data to the timing of interviews and to the media market of each individual over an extended period (24 months) and examining the effects of the extent of potential exposure to antismoking ads. We also adjusted for variation between individuals in the time between the baseline and follow-up interviews, which avoided potential problems of inflated quit rates among some respondents caused by a longer period until follow-up (follow-up range=21–35 months).
Our findings indicate that public health agencies may contribute to reducing smoking rates in their communities, especially among socioeconomically deprived populations, by developing and widely airing emotionally evocative antismoking ads and ads that feature personalized stories about the effects of smoking and the experience of quitting.
Personal stories of the health effects of smoking experienced by narrators or by close family members.
Examples: Rick Stoddard series; I can't breathe campaign (Pam Laffin); Shower; Janet Sackman
Personal stories of the quitting process, including quitting motivation, quitting strategies, how family/friends were supportive; how much better narrators feel now they've quit.
Examples: Chuck; Birthday; Teacher; Wonderful Grandfather; I Did It
Anti-tobacco industry ads that depict the victims of tobacco; depictions of family scenes with a family member missing because of smoking-related death; depictions of a person exposing family/friends to environmental smoke. Scenes of credible people realizing the harmful nature of environmental smoke.
Examples: Baby Monitor; Body Bags NYC; Kids; Ghost; Careful series.
Ads that depict how smoking effects fitness, appearance, and social standing; ads that use information-based approaches detailing ill effects of smoking (including environmental smoke effects); humorous ads that highlight the ridiculous nature of smoking; anti-tobacco industry ads that use humor/irony or statistics/information to attack the industry.
Examples: Stamina; House Party; Auto-shop; Numbers; Smelly puking habit ads; Daily Dose series
Note. Detailed descriptions of the ads are available for viewing on the Media Campaign Resource Center (MCRC) Web site: http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/media_communications/countermarketing/mcrc/index.htm.
Sarah J. Durkin was supported by an International Union Against Cancer Yamagiwa-Yoshida Memorial International Cancer Study grant. Melanie A. Wakefield was supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council Principal Research Fellowship. This research was funded by grants from the National Cancer Institute's Tobacco Research Initiative for State and Community Interventions (CA86257 to L. Biener and CA86273 to M. A. Wakefield).
We thank Catherine Garrett and Cecilia Shiner for preparing the advertising exposure data and the longitudinal data set and Glen Szczypka for preparation of GRP data.
Reprints can be ordered at http://www.ajph.org by clicking the "Reprints/Eprints" link.
ContributorsAll authors helped to design the study. S. J. Durkin completed the analyses and led the writing. L. Biener designed and supervised the survey data collection, contributed to the writing, and supervised the study. M. A. Wakefield completed ad coding and contributed to the writing.
Human Participant Protection
The protocol was approved by the institutional review board of the University of Massachusetts, Boston.
Sarah J. Durkin, Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia.
Lois Biener, Center for Survey Research at the University of Massachusetts, Boston.
Melanie A. Wakefield, Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia.
PubMed Central Canada is a service of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) working in partnership with the National Research Council's national science library in cooperation with the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the U.S. National Library of Medicine(NCBI/NLM). It includes content provided to the PubMed Central International archive by participating publishers.


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This page has information about public events, exhibitions and meetings organised by the Porirua City Council, and community events.
Keep up to date with what's happening in our city and suburbs. There's always something fun to do.
For more specialised events, choose the relevant page from the navigation on the left.
Porirua City Council collects information about events being held around the City, both Council-sponsored and public events, such as concerts, sporting events and meetings. This information is published in our online Events Calendar, and on the Te Rauparaha Arena, Pataka and Library websites.


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World leaders back Turkey after attempted military coup
World leaders have expressed support for Turkey and its democratic institutions after the government quashed an attempted military coup.
The Italian foreign minister, Paolo Gentiloni, said Turkish authorities must do their utmost to ensure "respect for the rule of law, of fundamental rights and of parliament's role" following the failed coup.
The German chancellor, Angela Merkel, said she condemned the coup attempt, saying democratic institutions must be respected.
Merkel told reporters at the chancellery in Berlin on Saturday that it was "tragic that so many people paid for this coup attempt with their lives" and urged an end to the bloodshed.
Russia's Foreign Ministry expressed concern about tensions in Turkey in the wake of the coup. "The aggravation of the political situation in the context of the terrorist threats existing in the country and armed conflict in the region carry a high risk to international and regional stability," the ministry said in a statement. "We call on the government and people of Turkey to solve the existing problems without violence, to respect the constitutional order."
The US secretary of state, John Kerry, said the US would entertain an extradition request for exiled cleric Fethullah Gulen, whom Turkey's president blames for the failed coup. But Kerry added that Turkey's government would have to present evidence of Gulen's wrongdoing that withstands scrutiny.
The Israeli Foreign Ministry said it respected the democratic process in Turkey and looked forward to the continued reconciliation between the countries. Israel and Turkey recently struck a broad reconciliation pact to restore diplomatic relations after six years of animosity between the once-close Mideast powers following a deadly Israeli naval raid to stop an activist flotilla aiming to breach the Gaza blockade.
Hamas congratulated Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan for quashing a "vicious" plot to overthrow him. Hamas said it remembers Turkey's "wise leadership in supporting the Palestinian people and their cause" and working to lift the blockade on Gaza, the coastal territory ruled by the group.
An aide to Pakistan's prime minister, Nawaz Sharif, condemned the attempted coup and said Pakistan "hopes that peace and normalcy will be restored in Turkey."
Tariq Fatimi also said he had contacted Turkey's foreign minister to express solidarity with Turkey's government and democratic institutions.
The British foreign secretary, Boris Johnson, said he had spoken to his Turkish counterpart, Mevlut Cavusoglu, to underline support for Turkey's "democratic elected government and institutions" in the wake of the coup attempt. The Foreign Office is advising Britons in Turkey to stay indoors, avoid public places, especially demonstrations, and remain vigilant.
British Airways said it was canceling all flights to and from Turkey on Saturday, but budget airline easyJet said it planned to run its scheduled flights, largely to Turkish resort towns. The airline said the schedule "will be kept under continuous review."
Spain's acting foreign minister, Jose Manuel Garcia Margallo, condemned the attempted coup, telling Spanish national television that his government completely supported the Turkish government headed by President Recep Tayyip Erdogan. He said "without a doubt we support respecting the constitution and democratically elected institutions, and we condemn all coups without reservation."


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Michael Jackson Tutorial Beat it MP3
Video Tutorial Beat It - Flash Mob - Oicos Festival & Notte Bianca - Soleluna dance Gallery. 4 settembre 2010.
Michael Jackson - Beat It (Digitally Restored Version) MP3
Music video by Michael Jackson performing Beat It. © 1982 MJJ Productions Inc.
Beat It
Michael JacksonThey told him don't you ever come around here Don't want to see your face, you better disappear The fire's in their eyes and their words are really clear So beat it, just beat it You better run, you better do what you can Don't wanna see no blood, don't be a macho man You wanna[...]
How To Dance Like Michael Jackson [How To Moonwalk Billie Jean Thriller Beat Bad] by Corey Vidal MP3
MY FACEBOOK: http://www.facebook.com/coreyvidal MY TWITTER: http://www.twitter.com/coreyvidal TIMES: 00:45 - Moonwalk (Part 1) 03:50 - Moonwalk (Part ...
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Darth Vader Dances to "Beat It" MP3
From Disney's Star Wars Weekend, Darth Vader does his best Michael Jackson to "Beat It."
Young boy dances on Michael Jackson's Beat it MP3
Wow! Look at this! Young boy dances on Michael Jackson's Beat It!! He is just seven years old :)
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Beat it, Michael Jackson Featuring The Evian Roller Babies, Evian Skating Babies. see the amazing evian roller baby dance crew, So small yet already ...
If you like my video, please follow me, or send me friend request on Facebook. - https://www.facebook.com/martin.laszlo.98 - Ha tetszik a videóm, kövess vagy ...
Child Dance like Michael Jackson MP3
Child Dance like Michael Jackson.
4 year old chinese little boy dancing like Michael Jackson on the Ellen Degeneres show MP3
this is so adorable! Michael would love this :)
Michael Jackson Best MoonWalk Ever!! [HD] MP3
RIP Michael BTW I do not own any part of this Video. PS: Michael was not LYPSINC. For some odd reason when the video was uploaded to YT, the sound and ...
Britains Got Talent - Suleman Mirza MICHAEL JACKSON Tribute (ALL performances) MP3
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y8KM0ZLoAyc *** SIMON COWELL ALL TIME #1 ACT is SIGNATURE*** https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SVhGwJSs-uM ...
[OFFICIAL] Michael Jackson Dance Tribute - BUCHAREST MP3
This is Bucharest's official video. Around 200 people gathered to bring an homage to the unique Michael Jackson on his birthday, the 29th of August. A big thank ...
Michael Jackson Beat It - Amazing Dance MP3
You like this video. Don't forget to subscribe this channel.Thanks so much and view more video at : Channel: http://goo.gl/6DdcZL G+ : http://goo.gl/7IsMIy ...
Michael Jackson Beat IT in real life (EPIC PRANK) MP3
Mikeybharj dons the Michael Jackson costume once again and tries to stop crime on London's streets.
Michael Jackson & MLP - Beat it PMV Apple Bloom & BlackGryph0n MP3
Creative Commons: Just re-uploading this video by https://www.youtube.com/user/animatedjames original video : http://youtu.be/gmJ2Bkx2C5A original song ...
Beat It (Michael Jackson cover) - Ali Spagnola MP3
My cover of MJ on the bass, keys, vocals, drums, guitar and dance :) Like it?? Join my team to help me make more→ http://patreon.com/alispagnola.
[OFFICIAL] Michael Jackson Dance Tribute - STOCKHOLM MP3
This is the official clip from BOUNCE & Friends. More than 300 dancers met at 15.30, got informed and then learned the choreography in 30 min. Less then 1 ...
Michael Jackson Beat It - Amazing Dance By Ravindranath MP3
How to Dance Like Michael Jackson : How to Hand Wave on Beat Like Michael Jackson MP3
Learn tips on how to dance on the beat using the Michael Jackson hand wave in this free pop star dance video. Expert: Daniel Etcheto Contact: ...


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- Changyu Wang, Meiyun Zuo, Xuefei Quan
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The aging of population has become a global trend and the critical knowledge of enterprises may be lost with the retirement of senior employees. Task-based cooperation is an important method to prevent the loss of knowledge and to promote the knowledge sharing behavior between senior employees and young ones. This paper constructs the knowledge contribution… (More)
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Admire the most beautiful places of Caprese Michelangelo and add them to your basket. YAMGU will create your trip considering distances, opening hours and weather.
Although the origins of the Museum date back to the celebrations for the centenary of the birth of Michelangelo in 1875, only in 1964 on the occasion of the centenary of the artist's death was officially inaugurated. The Museum intends to document the work of Michelangelo with casts of his works and celebrate it with sculptural works by authors of the nineteenth and twentieth century.


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My previous article focused on what the MV* paradigms are. But it didn't answer the question whether using one of the MV* patterns is worth the pain. One thing is for sure: none of the MV* paradigms comes for free. It depends on your project whether using an MV* patterns is a wise investment or a waste of time and money.
Dissecting a chess application
For instance, consider my AngularJS 2.0 chess program (see the source code at GitHib or play it at AngularFaces.com/chess). It doesn't follow any particular architectural pattern. Or rather, it doesn't follow one of the established MVW patterns. To begin with, there's no model. I simply didn't need it. The program's data are stored in the controller component of the program. I don't know all the subtleties of the MV* theory, but I guess it's OK to say the chess demo stores its data in the viewmodel layer.
Actually, the chess demo doesn't consist of many layers. There's the HTML code, there's the chess engine and there's some glue code.
My previous post (and the majority of tutorials) claims that AngularJS favors the MVVM pattern. Let's stick to this fiction for a moment. It's easy to identify the view layer: that's the HMTL pages and the CSS stylesheets. The glue code is the viewmodel. I already said that there's no need for a model layer.
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71300 Indiana Lake Drive, Union MI, 49130
Sold Price:
3 beds , 2 Full/1 Half baths
3,060 sqft
Status: Closed
Last Updated: 7/27/2017 5:31 PM
Description for 71300 Indiana Lake Drive Union, MI 49130
Significant Price Reduction! One of the nicest spots on Indiana Lake. 190ft of beautiful sandy beach and a large landscaped yard. It has it's own paved boat launch and a 16 x 20 storage area on the walkout level for all of your lake toys. Inside, there are great lake views from nearly every room. This very well maintained home also has warm wood floors and large cozy fireplaces on each level.Indiana lake has no public access so it never gets too busy. It's an all sports lake and has great fishing. It's just minutes from the 80/90 toll road exit which makes it only about 30 minutes to Notre Dame and just about 2 hours from Chicago.Seller also owns 9.5 acres across the street that may be available for purchase in addition to the home.
Sold Price:
Sold Date:07/29/2015
Porter Twp
2 Full/1 Half
3,060 (approx)
Listing Information
Porter Twp
Public Sewer
Electric, Telephone
School Information
Room Information
Living Room
Eat-In Kitchen
Interior Features
Convection Oven, Refrigerator
Central Air
Electric Heating, Propane, Hot Water, Baseboard
Wood Floors
Exterior / Lot Features
Attached Garage, 2 Car Garage
In Ground Sprinklers
190 x 119 x 97 x 180
Lake, Paved Road, Public Roads, Acreage
Driving Directions
From the CR 17 toll road exit go north to Wayne St then east to Indiana Lake Dr. then south to sign.
Financial Considerations
Listing Price History
Union Real Estate
Union is located in Michigan. Union, Michigan 49130 has a population of 2,098.
The median household income in Union, Michigan 49130 is $40,729. The median household income for the surrounding county is $45,166 compared to the national median of $53,482. The median age of people living in Union 49130 is 47.8 years.
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The Forum Players Theatre Company, in conjunction with the Mental Health Association of Genesee County, invites the public to partake in a Mystery Theatre based on " Clue the Musical", Friday, November 8, 7pm, Saturday, November 9, 7pm, and Sunday, November 10 at 2pm in the Stuart Steiner Theatre, GCC, Batavia Campus. For tickets and more information call 345-6814.
The Genesee County Office for the Aging is in critial need of volunteers to take individuals to medical appointments outside of Genesee County. Supplemental liability insurance is provided to all volunteers and mileage reimbursement may be available. Contact Dorian Ely, at the Office for the Aging if you are interested in volunteering. 585-343-1611.
United Memorial Medical Center Healthy Living, offers classes on Childbirth, MOMS program, Breast Feeding, Nutrition counceling, Healthcare Provider Basic Life Support, Diabetes Education Classes, and Advanced Cardiac Life Support . No Cost Mammography is also offered. Call 344-5331 for more information as to dates and registration.


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Let us know when your receive great advice so we can thank our lawyers and point others with similar questions in the right direction.Got it!
I need a document or verbiage to make an addendum to a separation agreement that was used as the divorce papers for my husband's ex-wife to relinquish all rights to the house they own together that we currently live in and pay the full mortgage on. We want to sell the house and have full control in the selling process and receive any profit that is made on the house. She has purchased another property and should be willing to sign the agreement. We live in upstate NY. Thank you very much.
You should speak to a real estate lawyer. It might be easier to have your husband's ex-wife sign a quit claim deed turning over the property to him. In the alternative, if you are in the midst of selling the house she can sign a power of attorney allowing him to sign for her at the closing and also sign a document that he is entitled to the entire proceeds of the sale. It may not be necessary to amend the stipulation as long as she acknowledges that she is giving up rights that were there in the original stipulation. good luck.
I have been a criminal defense attorney in New York for almost 25 years. website: Brooklynlaw.net Phone #: 718-208-6094 email: firstname.lastname@example.com. This answer is only for informational purposes and is not meant as legal advice.Ask a similar question
If they are divorced did your husband get awarded the house as his property? Then there should also have been a provision to transfer the house via a quit claim deed. The divorce papers hold all the answers. He should contact his divorce lawyer.
IF YOU FOUND THIS ANSWER "Helpful" or " The Best Answer" YOU CAN THANK ATTORNEY RADDATZ BY MARKING IT SO because Avvo awards the attorney points. MS. RADDATZ is donating her time and talent by answering questions to help those in need of legal information. This is NOT a consultation and in no way creates an attorney-client relationship. YOU SHOULD ALWAYS PERSONALLY CONSULT WITH AN ATTORNEY IN YOUR LOCAL AREA who has specific expertise in the area of law you are asking about.Ask a similar question
Assuming the ex is agreeable, your husband should contact his divorce lawyer to draft it, or another local attorney. any such "addendum" should address the terms and conditions of the existing agreement, and set forth the revised terms and conditions. most agreements have language stating that any subsequent agreement must comply with certain requirements to be binding. He needs to avoid inconsistencies between the agreements. Good luck.
Robert S. Grossman, Esq., 585 Stewart Avenue, Suite 300, Garden City, NY 516-745-1700. I am licensed to practice law in the State of New York. My practice is focused in the areas of Matrimonial/Family Law, Commercial Litigation, and Real Estate. The above answer does not create an attorney/client relationship. This response is for informational purposes only, and is not intended to convey legal advice, and is intended to provide only general information. If you require legal advice, please contact an attorney in your community. The question is limited and may not include facts which, if known, could significantly change the answer. Information provided on this site should not be used as a substitute for legal advice from a licensed attorney that practices in the subject area in your state. The law varies from one jurisdiction to another, and changes from time to time.Ask a similar question
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United Kingdom is typically regarded as one of the countries who have a liberal attitude towards gambling and related activities. All forms of gambling are legal in Britain and the UK Gambling Commission is the responsible regulatory body. If an operator wants to be allowed to offer gambling services to UK citizens, it has to obtain a UKGC licence.
UK citizens have a lot of opportunities when it comes to online gambling and they can choose from a variety of online casinos which are available to them. And if you are not sure which casino to pick, from the vast array of options, then perhaps you should focus on the online casino apps which have been reviewed by a trusted source and base your choice on that.
Advantages of Downloadable Native Apps
Most UK casinos are mobile-friendly, which means that you can open the casino website in your mobile browser, log in and play casino games, just like you do on your laptop or desktop computer. Someplayers prefer casino apps over mobile-optimised websites. And it is difficult to blame them, as native mobile apps have certain advantages compared to mobile-friendly websites.
- Better interface – These apps are specifically designed not just for mobile devices, but for a specific mobile OS and therefore the interface is much better compared to a website that has just been optimised;
- Improved performance – The apps are usually faster and more reliable than websites, for the exact same reason stated above;
- Automatically updated – Downloaded mobile apps will get updated automatically, just like other smartphone apps and you won't have to worry about that.
Available iTunes Apps
Since mobile gambling in the UK is fully legal, it is possible to download casino apps directly from Apple's iTunes Store and play your favourite casino games on your iPhone or iPad. The following apps are the ones that you can download from the App Store freely, even today.
Ladbrokes is one of the most popular UK casinos and sports betting operators. The company was founded in the 19th century and it now has over 15,000 employees. In order to download the Ladbrokes mobile iOS app, you need to have an iPhone, iPad or an iPod touch with iOS 8.0 or a newer version. The app's latest version features:
- Fast pay-outs, with numerous accepted deposit and withdrawal options, including credit/debit cards and PayPal;
- Easy and quick navigation and fast gameplay;
- Advanced graphics;
- Customer support available 24/7.
Once you download the app, you'll have access to a selection of popular games, including several versions of Blackjack, including Blackjack UK, Roulette, as well as many popular slot games, such as: Rainbow Riches, Gladiator Jackpot and Frankie Dettori Magic Seven.
Karamba Casino is a popular option among UK casino players. It features games produced by some of the leading software providers such as NetEnt, Microgaming and Scientific Games. The app is available in 10 different languages and any device with a 7.0 or later version of iOS supports it.
- New players entitled to a £200 Match up bonus and 20 free spins;
- Reliable customer support team;
- Fast and reliable pay-outs and multiple payment methods.
Casino.com is probably the online casino with the most obvious name. Its iOS app can also be downloaded freely from the App Store and it can be installed on any iOS device with a 7.0 version. The app has been updated this August.
- Over 120 casino games;
- A 100% Match bonus of up to £400;
- 24/7 customer support, via email and telephone, UK customers can call for free.
Winner is an operator that offers sports betting, bingo and poker, in addition to casino. Winner's iOS casino app can be downloaded from iTunes by anyone who owns an iPhone, iPad or an iPod Touch with an 8.0 or later version of iOS. This app features a lot of popular Marvel comic-themed slot games. Winner Casino features games provided by Playtech.
- £30 Free Welcome bonus for all new players;
- Customer support team can be reached directly via the app;
- Rewarding VIP Programme.
Casino Cash UK
Last but not least we have Casino Cash UK. This app can also be downloaded for free and it supports Apple mobile products that have a 6.0 or a later version of iOS. In addition to slots, Roulette and other table games, Casino Cash UK also offers bingo as well as scratch cards.
- Vivid 'Retina Graphics' and good sound effects;
- Slot games can be played for as little as 1p;
- Players who register for the first team can win a £5 Free bonus.


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We currently have two groups of people accessing our spiceworks installation (IT and accounting personnel), both groups need admin access but only the IT group needs to receive email notification when a new unassigned ticket is created.
Customers submit their IT issues, and the IT guys need to know when a new ticket comes in without having to have their browser up. The only current option for this is "Ticket is opened" "For all unassigned tickets" All Admins. Which emails both IT and accounting.
Accounting needs to get email notifications when tickets are assigned to them so disabling email notification is not an option.
IT needs access to inventory and Helpdesk tabs, Accounting needs access to both as well.
I have been looking for extensions that will allow either custom access groups or more help desk email notification settings but have been unsuccessful.
Any help is appreciated.
This topic was created during version 5.3.
The latest version is 7.5.00101.
8 Replies
Jan 23, 2012 at 1:36 UTC
I would recommend two different installs one for each group with a different email, or a centralized person who receives all tickets and then assigns them to the appropriate person so they only get the notification for that since SW doesn't have the granularity as f yet to customize the notifications as you are looking for.
Jan 23, 2012 at 1:57 UTC
Thanks for the suggestion but the only problem with that is 90% of the accounting teams use of Spiceworks is Purchase requests from the IT team.
Purchase requests come to the IT team via ticket, we create a quote and forward that to the accounting department in ticket form for tracking purposes. Once the item has been purchased and received the ticket is reassigned to the IT team for install / Setup.
Creating two different installs would require the IT team to access two different systems.
As to the one person assigning tickets, its relatively the same as everyone keeping an eye on the Unassigned tickets. The only problem is our (IT Team) hours are relatively 8-5 + on call, and those that we support are 24/7 365. So tickets could be submitted after hours and to check tickets without getting email notification requires us to VPN into the network.
Apr 13, 2012 at 12:20 UTC
1st Post
We have exactly the same issue. If issues are always submitted by email, one solution may be to turn off these notifications and forward the submission emails to the people who need to monitor them. Those people would then need to check Spiceworks to find the new tickets and modify them.
Not perfect, and it doesn't work for tickets created using the user portal instead of email.
Alternatively, the users getting the unwanted emails could individually set up filters to avoid seeing the creation notifications...
It would be lots nicer if the tool allowed each admin account to be set to either receive or not receive these emails...
Apr 13, 2012 at 1:08 UTC
Thanks for suggesting it. That is unfortunately our temporary fix. Obviously though everyone gets a new email as if it were a new ticket anytime someone responds to a spiceworks "Response".
"It would be lots nicer if the tool allowed each admin account to be set to either receive or not receive these emails..."
In case some Spiceworks god were to see this, yes we know (or at least I do) you can disable users from getting emails all together but then they don't get emails to let them know they have an assigned tickets.
The Admin email notifications section under help desk needs to be broken down by user or allow us to create custom admin groups.
Apr 13, 2012 at 1:32 UTC
I totally agree.
Absent this feature, another possible solution - haven't tried it yet but thinking about it - is to use an "auto-assign" plugin to automatically assign all new tickets to a particular Admin. This could be one person or it could be an email group. Then you could just turn off the new ticket notifications but your selected Admin or email group would get notified when the ticket was automatically assigned...
The disadvantage here is that you can't just use the "Unassigned" view to see tickets which are really still unassigned and being triaged.
It looks like there are one or two of these plugins available in the Extensions Center.
Apr 13, 2012 at 3:00 UTC
Just tried a few things, and it looks like the "ticket rules" extension can be handy here. You can automatically assign incoming tickets, or CC a particular list of email addresses or admins.
Apr 13, 2012 at 3:15 UTC
Chris & Leila-
You're right that there currently isn't a native way to have the types of ticket notifications granular in regards to some folks getting unassigned and others not receiving those.
As you've found, the method right now is to create a filter on your mail server to prevent the delivery of those messages, I have a how-to here about editing your ticket notification template to give it an easy phrase to match for the filter.
Although right now it's an all or nothing in regard to that type of notification, I do understand it would be useful to have additional control. There are a few feature requests about this, like here, please spice up, or vote up, features that you'd like to see incorporated in Spiceworks.
Hope this helps explains how the ticket notifications are currently handled.
Apr 13, 2012 at 7:39 UTC
Hi Aaron,
Thanks very much for the tip. I'm still not sure exactly how I'll handle this (email filtering or "My Ticket Rules"), but it looks like I at least have some options that should work okay for now.
I'll definitely add my vote to the feature request! :-)
This discussion has been inactive for over a year.
You may get a better answer to your question by starting a new discussion.


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- {{matchup.date.fullday}}{{matchup.date.month + ' ' + matchup.date.day}}
George Washington Defeats UMBC 74-61 - Recap
George Washington grabbed a 74-61 win over UMBC on Saturday, behind a 22-point effort from Maurice Creek at Charles E. Smith Center.
George Washington got 15 points from Kethan Savage and another 14 points from Kevin Larsen. Joe McDonald contributed 4 assists, while Kethan Savage cleaned the glass with 7 rebounds.
UMBC got 13 points from Brett Roseboro in a losing cause and another 10 points from Rodney Elliott. Chase Plummer contributed 5 assists for them, while Rodney Elliott had 7 rebounds.
George Washington led at halftime, 42-34.
The rebound battle favored George Washington as they grabbed 34 boards, while UMBC only had 28.


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According to a report in the Korea Herald, LG Chem, LG's battery-making arm, is in contention to manufacture batteries for Samsung's upcoming flagship phones. Samsung and LG Chem are reportedly in talks to finalise a deal on this but it will take a while before Samsung confirms the winner. A Samsung executive has told the Maeil Business Newspaper that Samsung are looking at diverse suppliers, including LG Chem.
Samsung Galaxy S8: Rumours, leaks, specs & launch
After initial reports of exploding Note 7 phones arrived, Samsung decided to replace Samsung SDI batteries with batteries manufactured by ATL, a Chinese battery-maker. Initially, Samsung SDI batteries were present in 70% of Galaxy Note 7 devices while the remaining 30% handsets featured ATL batteries. After replacements were completed, the new batteries also started exploding, prompting the company to state that the defect wasn't with the batteries but with something else. But for the upcoming Galaxy S8 flagship phone, Samsung isn't taking any chances.
As per the report, LG is presently supplying smartphone camera modules to Samsung which suggests that it won't be the first time that Samsung will rely on LG's parts to power its smartphones. With the launch of the Galaxy S8 just three months away, we'll know very soon if LG Chem will win the contract to supply batteries for the Galaxy S8.
Samsung chose to test Note 7 batteries in-house over test labs
Aside from LG's batteries, Samsung's Galaxy S8 will also feature the company's next-gen 10nm Exynos processor with an advanced Mali-G71 GPU from ARM. The upcoming Exynos 8895 may sound like a minor upgrade to the Exynos 8890 but is in fact an entire new generation which may finally leave Qualcomm's Snapdragon chips in the dust. However, Qualcomm's next Snapdragon mobile processor may also be based on a 10nm FinFET process so it is likely that Samsung may use both sets of chips in the upcoming flagships and combine them with its new 10-nanometer LPDDR4 6GB smartphone RAM to offer the best performance and power efficiency a smartphone can offer.


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We help you locate a Cockburnspath harmonica tutor. Harmonica lessons are the perfect way to start a fun new hobby, acquire a new talent and gain confidence with harmonica. Try our site to find Cockburnspath harmonica teachers and choose which best matches your needs so you can start your harmonica tuition in Cockburnspath immediately!
First Tutors: Music is the best way to discover Cockburnspath harmonica teachers in the UK, helping you discover Cockburnspath harmonica tuition close to home and Cockburnspath teachers to help with any instrument, for example, piano, violin or guitar. We can help you find Cockburnspath harmonica tuition or a Cockburnspath harmonica tutor to prepare for harmonica grades and improve your harmonica skills! We order Cockburnspath harmonica tutors local to you according to their hourly prices and proximity to you.
If you are a harmonica teacher wishing to offer harmonica lessons in Cockburnspath or anywhere else across the UK, please register with First Tutors: Music or find out more about us here. Becoming a Cockburnspath harmonica teacher is a great way to re-affirm your own knowledge through providing harmonica lessons while assisting someone else, all in the Cockburnspath area!


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The President of the Australian Liberty Alliance, Debbie Robinson, has today written to the Chief of the Australian Defence Force, Air Chief Marshall Mark Binskin AC, over statements criticising the party from an official Defence Twitter account.
The Twitter account, @navyislamic, describes itself as the "Official Royal Australian Navy Islamic Advisor Twitter account." It is operated by Captain Mona Shindy, CSC, RAN. Following the launch of the Australian Liberty Alliance, this account tweeted:
Real shame to see these extreme ill informed fringe groups threatening #community #cohesion. #auspol #teamhumanrace
This tweet also retweeted a statement from Mike Carlton linking to an ABC news story about Dutch politician, Geert Wilders, who launched the Australian Liberty Alliance. Mike Carlton's tweet stated:
FFS.@What sort of political party gets a Dutch bully and bigot to launch it in secret ?
Defence policy prohibits political statements from Defence personnel in their official capacity.
Ms Robinson has asked the Chief of Defence Force to confirm that the tweet does not represent the official position of the Australian Defence Force and that it be deleted.
"It is completely unacceptable for an official Defence Twitter account to criticise any registered political party in Australia," said Ms Robinson.
"This is military interference in Australia's democratic political process. It must stop."
"The Australian Liberty Alliance is very concerned that the Australian Defence Force appears to be promoting pro-Islamic political views and attacking a party that has the support of many Australians."
"We reject the message from this official Defence Twitter account. The Australian Liberty Alliance is proudly pro-Australian. The threats to community cohesion and safety come from a community that clearly rejects our flag, laws, anthem and heritage."
"The Australian Liberty Alliance is also proud of its strong stance supporting freedom of speech. In fact, its Queensland candidate, Bernard Gaynor, has won an important legal case protecting the freedom of speech of all Australians, including Defence personnel."
"We respect and protect the right of all Defence members to express their private political opinions. This right has been hard won and it should not be threatened by the promotion of official political views by the Australian Defence Force."
The Twitter account, @navyIslamic, has also criticised other politicians and questioned Australia's immigration policies and Australian Defence Force operations against the Islamic State.
On 31 March, 2105, Captain Mona Shindy also gave a speech in her official capacity as a Defence member calling for the government to fund mosques and imams. The Australian Liberty Alliance has also requested that the Chief of Defence Force confirm that this view is not official Defence policy.
File Library
Contact Profile
Australian Liberty Alliance Ltd
Australian Liberty Alliance Ltd (ALA) is a national political party that is registered with the Australian Electoral Commission and now prepares to stand its first candidates at the upcoming federal election in 2016. The organisation is headquartered in Melbourne and the Constitution and Manifesto of the party are available on www.australianlibertyalliance.org.au
Debbie Robinson
W: www.australianlibertyalliance.org.au


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By Gary Stoller, USA TODAY
Many manufacturers, publishers and a variety of small businesses say they oppose any move by the post office to cut out a day of mail delivery.
Postmaster General John Potter asked Congress on Wednesday to lift the requirement that the financially ailing service deliver mail six days a week.
The Postal Service lost $2.8 billion in its last fiscal year and could lose $5 billion this fiscal year that ends Sept. 30, Potter says.
Eliminating delivery on a day with light mail volume, such as Saturday or Tuesday, could save nearly $2 billion a year, the Postal Regulatory Commission, which oversees the agency, estimates.
But in a commission report last month, most of the comments by companies expressed "a desire for the six-day delivery standard to continue."
Eliminating a delivery day "impacts everyone," because the frequency of delivery would drop about 17%, says Dan Blair, the commission's chairman.
It could affect some of the Postal Service's biggest customers. The Magazine Publishers of America, for instance, said six-day delivery "is essential" for periodicals.
Netflix, an online movie rental service with about 4 million DVDs in the mail daily, now ships only five days a week. But it has begun testing shipping on weekends. Company spokesman Steve Swasey wouldn't comment on the possibility of a shorter delivery week.
Mike Diegel, a spokesman for the National Federation of Independent Business, which represents 350,000 small businesses, says the biggest impact would be on cash flow. It also would mean one less day "to get your products out," he says.
However, in a 2002 poll of federation members, 61% said eliminating Saturday delivery wouldn't affect them.
Some small businesses say it would. Steve Barber, vice president of RF VII, a company that manufactures radio-frequency generators, says the sagging economy already is slowing customer payments.
One less delivery day would make it worse, says Barber, whose Williamstown, N.J., company has 12 employees.
Ridgely Francisco, who owns a marketing and advertising company in Philadelphia, says no Saturday mail is no problem. No delivery on Tuesday is another matter. "Weekday mail delivery is critical in order to make deadlines or not disrupt production schedules," he says.
Others see no problems at all.
John Ramey, CEO of Isocket, an advertising software company in California, is one: "As a Silicon Valley start-up full of geeks, we do everything we can to avoid paper."
Contributing: David Lieberman
Guidelines: You share in the USA TODAY community, so please keep your comments smart and civil. Don't attack other readers personally, and keep your language decent. Use the "Report Abuse" button to make a difference. Read more.


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Monday, June 30, 2008
We're Doomed
Thanks to a great present from my wife of a generously large gift card to Barnes & Noble, which just opened a two-story location in our local mini-mega-mall, I spent a pleasant hour+ becoming acquainted with its wares this evening (David Quammen's The Reluctant Mr. Darwin and an inexpensive copy of Thomas Paine's The Age of Reason, if you must know, as an appetizer).
However, as always, I came away from a visit to one of these bastions of current American taste in reading rather depressed. The science section was excruciatingly small and tucked away in the farthest corner from the door. Not counting "Idiot Guides" and their kin, there was no more than four six-foot-high, four-foot-wide shelves devoted to books on science. A good portion of those were biographies, such as Quammen's, and most of the rest were popularizations of science. There were little or no "hard" science, though, to be fair, they may have been shelved in the "Reference" section, which I did not peruse. And then you had the gross mis-shelving, such as Guillermo Gonzalez' The Privileged Planet, flying under false science colors.
On the other hand, there were three of the same sized shelves of Bibles alone. Add to that four shelves of "Christian Inspiration" and four more of just plain "Christian" books and science was greatly outgunned by one religion alone. Add to that sections on "Eastern Religions," "New Age," "Astrology," and the like, and science was swamped by purveyors of faith. And we need not even count the ordinary woo, such as "Alternative Medicine." Heck, even one sub-category of Japanese animation known as "Manga" had more shelf space than science.
It's not like Americans don't have some sort of interest in science -- the science fiction section was five times larger than the science area. We just like to read about fantastic futures we won't be participating in.
The only hopeful sign was that there were a large selection of low-cost Barnes & Noble editions of great literature that were being pushed as "summer reading." Maybe future generations of Americans will at least be reading the classics during lulls in serving up hamburgers to the Chinese and Indian tourists.
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And I'm always ambivalent too -- which just adds to the pain -- because the younger generation at least seem willing to come to a store that mostly has books and actually pay for some approximation of literature and knowledge. I had lived in dread of having an "Eloi moment," when everyone around me, drugged on tv and computer games and the internet, had forgotten what books were or why they were important.
I was in the York (Penna.) B&N the other day, looking for Lauri Lebo's The Devil in Dover. It took me a long time to find the small collection of science books. That was after I checked the computer to find the book's location--it might have been in the York/Pennsylvania local interest or some other section. (And there turned out to be a big pile of them by the checkout line.)
Well, at least those of us who seek out science will always have a job, even if not in this country...
I was referred to this post by Dana, and I must say that I empathize. I'm becoming increasingly frustrated with what gets passed off as "literature" these days!Post a Comment
Good luck in your pursuit of science!
Good luck in your pursuit of science!
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New skills and competences for youth workers' better mobility
In the framework of the Youth in Action programme, this call aims at promoting the acquisition of new skills and competences by youth workers to support their mobility and exchanges via a better professional profile. The call promotes transnational learning experiences and therefore supports networking between youth structures in Europe as well as the recognition of youth work as a European policy tool. Apply before 3 September 2012.


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Catherine's Dance Studio has been a dream of mine since I was a little girl. Through the studio I hope to make it possible for other girls to have their own dreams too. - Catherine Stephenson
Welcome to Catherine's Dance Studio! We are so thrilled that you are exploring our studio for your dancer! We've been dancing in our Parkville location since October of 2013 when we moved our dance studio to its current location. (Read more about our beginnings!) Our smaller class sizes are what sets us apart from other studios. Our classes are 10-15 students. We believe in getting to know our students as individuals. Some of our students have grown up in Catherine's Dance Studio and have gone away to college. They have felt a real connection to Catherine Stephenson and consider her 'family'.
Why Dance at Catherine's Dance Studio?
- Smaller Class sizes (other typical dance classes will have 20-40 dancers)
- More attention
- Develop better technique due to smaller class sizes
- Positive encouragement
- Part of a family
I started dancing at Catherine's Dance Studio when I was 13. Most girls begin to dance very young, but even with my lack of experience, Catherine took the time to teach me everything I needed to know. Because of the individual attention, I received from Catherine I was able to accomplish many things I never thought possible. Catherine's Dance Studio helped me fulfill my dream of being on my high school dance team and now I am a Cheerleader at Park University. In just five short years I learned to perform at a high school level and now a college level, and I owe all of that to Catherine's Dance Studio.
-Abby Jeans
Our Dance Classes
Catherine's Dance Studio is a real family affair. Catherine's mom, Judy, is an integral part of Catherine's Dance Studio, managing the studio and helping Catherine with her students. Her dad and brother TJ put the wood floor in her bedroom (where her studio started). Her dad and her husband, Brad, had a hand in building some of the Parkville Studio and everyone was there to hang the sign above the studio door in downtown Parkville, including her daughter, Claire.
Teaching smaller dance classes was the necessity when Catherine's Dance Studio first began, and it becomes the driving reason why Catherine's students are making the dance teams they tried out for. The dancers were getting more personalized attention. She could see and guide every foot, every turn of the wrist, every gesture. Smaller class sizes make it possible for her students to learn, practice and memorize proper technique from the beginning. Catherine knows that proper technique is the basis for better dancing. Smaller class sizes mean individual attention for each and every dancer which results in good technique.
Proper Technique is the key to great dancing
A dancer with proper technique will learn and grow more as a dancer, which translates into high self-confidence as a dancer. Smaller dance class sizes were necessary due to space restrictions then, and Catherine knows that smaller class sizes are necessary for her students to be great dancers.
You never know where dancing might take you. Not every student will take dancing as seriously as another. Our small class sizes give a dancer more individual attention and more attention to technique. A better technique gives a more serious dancer the cornerstone she needs to continue to learn more complicated movements that are required in dance. Consequently, a dancer who has the correct technical basics will be in a better position to do well in other forms of dance and participate in higher skill levels of ballet.
Why Dance?
Dancing builds self-confidence. Performing in front of others is a good transition to speaking in front of others and having confidence in life. Taking dance classes helps with music appreciation, memory, discipline, structure, and attention to detail. Consequently, dancing is an art form that develops muscle, flexibility, and grace.
Another reason to dance at Catherine's: taking classes at our dance studio has no age barrier. As a result, you can start to dance at any age! Therefore, you never know what you might excel at! Dance Studio Classes are arranged by age. A 16-year-old girl won't find herself in a class with a 5-year-old even though both are just beginning to take classes.
Our dance classes are for girls and boys age 3 to age 18. Our younger dancers must be potty trained before they can be in class. You can see what classes are each week by viewing our calendar. Contact us or call us for a free week of dance classes.
Are there Hip Hop Classes near me?
Yes! Hip Hop is a very popular dance class. We provide hip hop classes with appropriate dance moves, music and recital costumes. These issues may not be a concern for kids, but we know, based on feedback, that our parents and grandparents appreciate that! Hip Hop classes are fun and are an excellent introduction to our dance studio!
Summer Dance Camp
Less rigorous than our school calendar classes, we teach dance classes in summer sessions for our current students as well as any new students! The best part of our summer classes is our involvement in the Parkville Days Parade. Also, dancers who attend summer sessions can participate in the parade and will be given a Catherine's Dance Studio shirt to march in and attend an open house at the studio after the parade! A great event for everyone!
Take one of our Dance classes in Parkville!
Contact us or call us today at (816) 214-7370. We have a dance class that will fit your aspiring dancer. Our dancers are grouped by age, not by skill. Our classes are smaller, and your child will learn the proper technique to take her dancing as far as she would like to take it!


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$0.25 $1.75
The replacement tube can be used to replace the plastic body of your Rebuildable Vision EGO, also known as the CE5 or Vision Stardust. The photo shows the tube in red but it is also available in all the Vision EGO colors (click on photo on the left to enlarge).
Check out our blog post for a photo tutorial to help you take apart and reassemble your Vision EGO.
Colors not listed in drop down menu are no longer available.


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Kai Niambi, who just graduated from the HBCU Hampton University, was charged with reckless driving after she was "stopped three times in 30 minutes," according to her mother.
Niambi is currently being held without bond on a class 1 misdemeanor charge.
Rae Jones, Niambi's mother says that her daughter had been held for 15 hours before she was allowed to use the phone. "You can only imagine my horror after having attempted to locate her all day," Jones said.
Jones took to Facebook to make a cry for help for her honor student daughter.
"What I need you to do is flood the Dublin County Courthouse at 548-643-2000… We need an attorney right now! We need help right now!"
For all of us who have been inspired by Jesse Williams' speech and tired of police brutality against Black folks, now is the time to pick up the phone.
(Photo: Kai Niambi Kitchen/_kitchennn)


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Data from: Population clustering and clonal structure evidence the relict state of Ulmus minor Mill. in the Balearic Islands
Date Published: February 7, 2014
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.bq4p7
Content in the Dryad Digital Repository is offered "as is." By downloading files, you agree to the Dryad Terms of Service. To the extent possible under law, the authors have waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this data.
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|Genetic data and spatial coordinates from nine field populations of Ulmus minor Mill. located in Majorca and Minorca Islands (Balearics), Baetic mountains in SE Iberia and Catalonia in NE Iberia. DNA extracted from fresh tissue was amplified by nine microsatellite loci, six of them specifically developed for Ulmus minor (Ulmi1-11, Ulmi1-21, Ulmi1-98, Ulmi1-165, Ulmi2-16 and Ulmi2-20 (Collada et al., 2004)) and three developed for U. laevis (Ulm2, Ulm3 and Ulm8 (Whiteley et al 2003)). A Li-Cor 4300 sequencer (Li-Cor Biosciences, Lincoln, USA) was used to obtain banding profiles. Allele sizes given in base pairs were determined using the SequamarkTM molecular size standard (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, USA) and the software Gene ImagIR 3.56 (Scanalytics).
|HDY-12_ORO379_nSSR_data.xls (1.545 Mb)
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+91-11-45679615Post Your Requirement
Description :
Arrive Kushok Bakula airport Leh - 3500m above sea level. Transfer to hotel. Breakfast at the hotel before 09.30 am. Half Day at rest for acclimatization.
Lunch at the hotel. After Lunch drive to Visit Shanti Stupa & Leh Palace, Later in the evening walk around local market. Overnight stay at the Hotel
Description :
After breakfast, carry packed lunch for the day. Sightseeing of 1000 year old Alchi monastery the only Gompa in Ladakh region on flat ground. Thereafter proceed to the Likir Monastrey to visit the splendid three storeys Dharma Wheel Gompa. Here you'll be awestruck with the sight of the massive Buddha statues., Indus & Zanskar river Sangam, drive along the Indus river visiting, Pathar Sahib Gurdwara and Magnetic Hill (where the cars defy gravity), Basgo Palace Hiking only and further on to Leh Hall of Fame (which has a museum of the Kargil War memorabilia) Over Night stay at the Hotel
Description :
After breakfast drive to Khardung la- world's highest Motorable road at 18380ftt above sea level. At Khardung la pass the snow capped peaks and the mountain views are amazing. In the afternoon we will visit Singhu point (Indus River where all the Singhes pay holy bath) and Stok Museum. The Stok palace and museum is around 200 years old. The palace and museum at Stok is a showpiece for the royal tankhas, royal crown, dresses, coins, precious stones and turquoise head dresses. Return back to the hotel for Dinner. Over Night stay at the Hotel.
Description :
It is the highest land locked lake (155 Kms on way from Leh 05 Hrs driver each way. After an early breakfast we leave for Pangong Lake through Changla pass 5486 Mtrs. Pangong Lake, situated at 14,000 feet (4,267 m). A long narrow basin of inland drainage, hardly six to seven kilometer at its widest point and over 130km long, it is bisected by the international border between India and China. A few years back the government decided to open it to tourists though the lake and its surrounding is under army surveillance. Enjoy the landscape in the back drop of the Lake. One rarely feels so close to nature and environment and the scenery is unforgettable. Drive back to Leh. Over Night stay at the Hotel
Description :
In the morning transfer to the airport to board the flight for your onward destination.
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For the next 20 months, the helipad at Prairie Lakes Healthcare System will be out of commission.
In a quiet Watertown City Council meeting on Monday night, the council authorized Mayor Steve Thorson to enter into an agreement with the healthcare entity that will have Watertown Fire Rescue transport patients in need of air ambulance service to and from the Watertown Regional Airport helipad. According to Watertown Fire Rescue Chief Doug Kranz, the distance between the airport and the hospital is about three miles.
The hospital's planned expansion project will knock the on-site helipad out of commission for nearly two years.
"Prairie Lakes is undergoing renovation for roughly 20 months. The renovation will take down the helipad right outside of the hospital, so we will have to use the airport facility for that helipad," Kranz told the council. "We will be transporting the flight teams back and forth from the airport with the patients."
The arrangement will be similar to the fixed-wing ambulance service WFR already provides for Prairie Lakes patients.
The arrangement between the city and Prairie Lakes looks to be a simple one. Prairie Lakes will pay the city a flat fee of $450 for every round trip patient transfer. Kranz estimates that WFR performs 10 to 20 round trip flights per month.
After an inquiry from council member Don Roby, Kranz assured the council that no additional infrastructure expenses will occur outside of a few hours of overtime.
The ambulance transport service will continue to add what has been a busy time for the airport. In addition to the Aerodynamics Inc. flight that transports passengers from the airport to Pierre and Denver, the airport will add a third full-time staff member made necessary by an Oct. 1 Federal Aviation Administration mandate requiring two staff members to be on duty anytime an Airport Fire Rescue jet is on the ground.
So far, Airport Manager Todd Syhre said the airport has been able to meet that mandate with its two full-time staff members — with one staff member employed by WFR. However, that is causing mandatory overtime to be doled out and may eventually lead to fatigue among the existing staff members, with work performance suffering as a result.
After hearing Syhre's request, the council approved the hiring of an additional full-time staff member beginning under the 2017 budget at a cost of $53,500. However, with part-time salaries already factored into next year's budget, and with the full-time addition lessening the need for part-time help, the net increase of hiring a third full-time staff member at the airport is $26,900.
In other business, the council:
• Entered into a 99-year lease agreement to allow Glacial Lakes Energy to rent a 40-foot wide property strip owned by the city to accommodate GLE's plans to build and operate a unit train loop track. GLE will pay the city $1 on the second Monday in November in every year of the lease. The lease also goes along with an easement agreement the city entered into with GLE.
• Was informed by Thorson that the South Dakota Department of Transportation plans to begin installing stop signs at the U.S. Highway 81 and 20th Avenue Southeast intersection on the southern edge of town in mid-November, with a possible completion timeframe in early December. The intersection has seen an increase in accidents, with three injury and one non-injury recorded in 2016, and several near-misses. According to Public Opinion archives, from 2004 to May 2014, the intersection has seen 10 crashes which resulted in serious injuries.


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Baroque-pop band Fleet Foxes are back with the follow-up to their critically acclaimed self-titled debut album of 2008. The latest offering is Helplessness Blues and if the first single is anything at all to go by, then we're in for a treat!
Take a listen to the tilte track:
Helplessness Blues will be released 3rd May 2011 via Sub Pop Records, ahead of their first North American tour since 2009 – followed by a string of European dates.
Head over to the band's website for all dates and ticketing info. Even download the above single for FREE!


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Our Xen® based Linux® virtualization solution enables cost-efficient and scalable operation without hardware costs. Choose the size of the VPS service suitable for your needs and if you need extension, you can easily step up by scaling.
Xen® virtualization
Fast deployment
Your virtual server will be ready within a few minutes following the placement of the order. You only have to log in via SSH and install the desired software.
Excellent bandwidth
Our services are provided with an underlying bandwidth of more gigabits both in domestic and global directions and we only limit the amount of data transmission, not the available bandwidth! Within the technical limits you can rely on the operability of your homepage even if the visitor count suddenly increases due to an event.
Countless operating systems
Debian: 6, 7, 8
Gentoo: 2013.06, 2014.08
Ubuntu: 12.04, 13.04, 14.04, 14.10, 15.04, 15.10, 16.04
CentOS: 5.9, 6.4, 6.6, 6.8, 7.2
Fedora: 18, 19, 24
OpenSUSE: 12.3, 13.2, 42.2
Scientific: 6.5, 7.1


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Cirrus Steamer
by The Steamery
Now you can bring your steamer anywhere without compromising with the results!
Cirrus is the most powerful handheld steamer on the market. Equipped with a pump that maintains a high steam pressure. Therefore, it efficiency is in the same level as a vertical steamer. Cirrus Travel Steamer starts in 25 seconds and a full water tank allows 7 minutes of on-demand steam. Enough to make a full outfit great looking.
As Cirrus both steams horizontally and vertically it can be used as an iron. Therefore, the travel bag also function as a ironing board. Perfect to press collars and cuffs on business shirts and make creases on pants.
With European plug
Colour: White with grey details
is currently backordered. You may still purchase it now but it won't ship until it becomes available again.


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John Caudwell owns two yachts, each of which is available for charter. The yachts are managed in house.
Charter Ethos
"My objective is to give charter guests the best time that they could ever have in yachting. This is achieved by providing a yacht that is both in tremendous condition and has phenomenal facilities.
You could have the best yacht in the world but it is absolutely crucial to the experience that you get the crew to match. A crew that can provide seamless service in an efficient and friendly but not-intrusive way.
Accompany that with great food, wonderful beauty therapies, fantastic personal training and you've got the formula to be able to provide the holiday of a lifetime for most people.
The idea is to provide people with a tremendous experience that also leaves them feeling that they have had great value." John Caudwell.
Titania is a 72m Lurssen superyacht originally launched in 2006 (ex-Apoise), and relaunched in 2012 with an additional four meters to the stern. Beautifully upgraded to include a new beach club and sauna, sun deck gym, and health spa, Titania also has a new second master suite installed on the upper deck, so accommodates up to 12 guests in 7 cabins, plus 3 supernumeries.
Facilities also include personal training, an award winning chef, a floating water park, jet-skis, jet bikes, sailing yachts and tenders.
View Titania's electronic brochure
Capri, 58.5m, is a spacious, comfortable and elegant yacht from the renowned Lürssen shipyard. With interior design by Glade Johanson, she features refined social spaces and facilities for entertainment and activities, making Capri ideal for a wide variety of charter requirements. One of Capri's most spectacular features is the all-white skylounge with its spectacular sea views allowing guests to relax in a beautifully light and airy atmosphere.
She accommodates 12 guests across 6 staterooms including a full-beam Master Stateroom with a stunning onyx ensuite bathroom.


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This article is about the Real World
Box SummaryEdit
The Coalition of Ordered Governments (COG) soldiers are the only force strong enough to resist the subterranean genocidal monsters known as the Locust Horde. Armed with their Snub Pistol, Lancer Assault Rifle, and Chainsaw Bayonet, they fight to ensure the safety of mankind. Their moniker derives from the oath of allegiance they swear to the Coalition: every COG soldier pledges their place in the infinite machine and as such becomes a "Gear".
The figure comes with a Longshot Sniper Rifle and a Mk 2 Lancer Assault Rifle . Both can be used by the figure and are inter-changeable with other figures.
- The character description in the back of the box is the same as that for the COG Soldier (Action Figure) Series Five and the COG Soldier (Action Figure) Series Six.


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Cinema of the Other Europe: The Industry and Artistry of East Central European Film by Dina Iordanova
In Cinema of the Other Europe: The Industry and Artistry of East Central European Film , Dina Iordanova proposes a reframing of Eastern European cinema (and by extension, film culture studies) away from conventional, western-centric paradigms that tend to evaluate post World War II cinema from the "other Europe" within the context of cold war politics and chauvinism. Intrinsic in Iordanova's thesis is the prevailing notion of a shared, distinctive Central European ethos that continued to gain momentum in 1970s cultural studies as a means of distancing the region from a Pan-Germanic evaluation of twentieth century history that provided the catalyst for two world wars and the division of Europe, as well what H. M. Hughes describes as a nostalgia for a democratic and more culturally diverse pre-1918 Habsburg Empire (note the embodiment of this sentiment in the image of a multi-ethnic paradise lost in Jerzy Kawalerowicz's Austeria that is also directly correlated with the experience of World War II in the fate of displaced Hassidic Jews on the outskirts of Poland). More importantly, the idea of differentiating Central Europe as a bridge between East and West was also a way of reasserting a regional identity that was separate from the complex dynamics of the Balkan region as well as the cultural cross-pollination of an imposed Soviet hegemony. In essence, the idea of a shared cultural identity provided a means of aligning (or rather, realigning) regional interests closer to the illusive ideals of a democratic West with the eventual objective of breaking with Russia (and with it, chauvinist attitudes that being "non-West" was analogous with backwardness and underdevelopment) and "returning" to Europe after the collapse of the Soviet Union (Ironically, it is Russian filmmaker Aleksandr Sokurov who would capture this sense of isolation from "old" Europe and return to a shared cultural history in Russian Ark) - what Iordanova describes as a "remapping" of Eastern European films into redefined national cinemas that reflected the cultural amnesia of a post-Soviet landscape (most notably, in the absorption of East German films into a broader category of German cinema that glosses over the distinctive qualities of DEFA studio productions, and also the reassignment of a collective Czechoslovakian cinema into separate Czech or Slovak film cultures).
The second part, Film and History, Ethics and Society examines the role of history in the shaping of national identity as reflected in Central European cinema, creating a sense of impotence against the tide of history that, in turn, manifest as forms of escapism, whether through the romanticization of heritage epics (such as Andrzej Wajda's Pan Tadeusz), elements of surrealism (such as Wojciech Has's The Saragossa Manuscript and Juraj Jakubisko's The Deserter and the Nomads), or magical realism (such as Jerzy Kawalerowicz's Mother Joan of the Angels and Pharaoh). In each case, the encounters with history are rooted in personal - rather than collective - memory:
The people of Central Europe look at history from a specific angle: they come from small countries which are usually powerless to make developmental decisions, yet need to react to whatever political shifts and advances occur (usually at the instigation of a neighboring great European power). So the stories told here are not so much those of people heroically influencing the course of history but of those who cannot do much more but stand by and witness events; they are stories of the vulnerable and the powerless, the small and the weak, the pawns and the underdogs. The actions of these protagonists are marked by the overpowering consciousness of their own limitations.
...The key concern of East Central European cinema is the interplay between historical and social processes and the personal experience of these processes. It is within this relationship, tilted towards the individual, where most identity issues and existential insecurities are played out. The never ending identity quest is often accompanied by an underlying frustration; there is an ongoing friction between objective historical events and their critical appropriation that limits the range of choices available to the individual. This is part of an eternally unresolved process of identification where all subjective moves are ultimately determined by the dialectical interplay with history.
Iordanova further examines the toll of "historical burden" through a survey of postwar trümmerfilms (films of the ruins) such as Wolfgang Staudte's The Murderers Are Among Us (East Germany), Géza von Radványi's Somewhere in Europe (Hungary), and Aleksandr Ford's Five Boys from Barska Street (Poland), as well as Andzej Wajda's war trilogy (A Generation, Kanal and Ashes and Diamonds), which are thematically connected by a sense of tragic inevitability as ordinary soldiers fighting on the losing side of the war. Conversely, Iordanova cites Andrej Munk's Eroica and its ne'er-do-well, accidental hero as a foil to the trümmerfilm paradigm, underscoring the arbitrariness of siding with history. Similarly, Miklós Jancsó's The Round Up and The Red and the White also reflect this dynamic in the ambiguous framing of partisans and collaborators, the victors and the vanquished.
In the chapter State Socialist Modernity: The Urban and the Rural, Iordanova argues that the conventional images of dour protagonists, mundane problems, and bleak industrial landscapes that characterize East Central European cinema are acts of subversion that would serve as fertile creative grounds for such seminal film movements as the Czechoslovakian New Wave and the Polish Cinema of Moral Concern:
Well aware of the excesses and dangers of totalitarianism, filmmakers saw the making of 'apolitical' films as a matter of priority. The films that they opted for would often be about disturbances of intimate relationships rather than heroic confrontations or class struggles; they would focus ordinary everyday life and thus, in the context of imposed excessive politicization of the personal domain, deliver a covert political statement.
Posted by acquarello on Jun 28, 2009 | Permalink | Comments (3) | Filed under 2009, Film Related Reading


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England opener Strauss, 29, will lead his country after Flintoff was told to rest for at least four weeks while he recovers from an ankle injury.
Five players uncapped at international level have been named in the squad including Tim Bresnan, Glen Chapple, James Dalrymple, Ed Joyce and Alex Loudon. A sixth, Alastair Cook, has yet to make his ODI debut.
Flintoff has had scans on his left ankle injury and it is hoped the problem will heal with rest, although he may be sidelined for some time.
Surgery is not being considered at this stage and the ECBs Chief Medical Officer, Dr Peter Gregory, said: "During the 3rd Test at Trent Bridge, Andrew Flintoff had scans on his painful left ankle.
"These revealed calcified deposits in the area at the back of the ankle from which a bone spur was removed in February 2005.
"We have taken advice from two leading ankle surgeons who both agree that these may not be contributing to Andrews symptoms and that surgery would cause more trauma and the potential for more scarring and further calcified deposits. Hence, our view is that surgery is very much the last resort."
Chairman of Selectors, David Graveney, admitted England's injury-hit squad face a difficult time against Sri Lanka in The NatWest Series and The NatWest Twenty20 international.
Graveney said: "This will be a tough test for the team. Our first choice captain is injured and his nominated replacement Andrew Flintoff is also unavailable through injury as are a number of senior players.
"Andrew Strauss will again deputise as captain. He did an excellent job captaining the team in difficult circumstances in India, securing our only win in the series and will bring his experience of leading Middlesex to the role.
"There are significant changes in personnel from the One-Day squad which toured India and this will be an exciting opportunity for the new players in the squad to make an impression.
"All the uncapped players have performed well for their Counties this season and will bring different qualities to the squad.
"The selection of Tim Bresnan and Glen Chapple in particular is designed to provide the captain and coach with more flexibility in the bowling attack both at the beginning and the end of an innings."
Graveney is confident Michael Vaughan is getting closer to a return to international action, but insisted he will not be rushed back.
He added: "Michael Vaughan is making good progress with his recovery and we will continue to monitor his situation closely.
"We do not want to take any unnecessary risks with Michael and will wait until he is fully match fit before considering him for selection."
Squad: Andrew Strauss (Middlesex), Ian Bell (Warwickshire), Tim Bresnan (Yorkshire), Glen Chapple (Lancashire), Paul Collingwood (Durham), Alastair Cook (Essex), James Dalrymple (Middlesex), Stephen Harmison (Durham), Geraint Jones (Kent), Ed Joyce (Middlesex), Alex Loudon (Warwickshire), Sajid Mahmood (Lancashire), Kevin Pietersen (Hampshire), Liam Plunkett (Durham), Marcus Trescothick (Somerset).