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ERP enters age of infrastructure
The market for ERP software—the integrated enterprise management suites that companies rely on for everything from accounting to manufacturing management—is clipping along nicely. Some analysts peg market growth as high as 10 percent, but despite this healthy outlook, it's a space that has undergone major transformation in the last several years.
The market for ERP software—the integrated enterprise management suites that companies rely on for everything from accounting to manufacturing management—is clipping along nicely. Some analysts peg market growth as high as 10 percent, but despite this healthy outlook, it's a space that has undergone major transformation in the last several years.
Most recently, the biggest vendors devised new middleware platforms aimed at supporting service-oriented architecture (SOA) in which functionality could be more flexibly delivered as services. Analysts say ERP vendors are adjusting to this SOA era, but maintain that factors such as ease of integration and industry functionality still weigh heavily in user purchasing decisions.
Today, notes Ray Wang, a principal analyst at Cambridge, Mass.-based Forrester Research , there are two sets of ERP suppliers: large vendors with their own infrastructure or "applistructure"—namely Microsoft, Oracle, and SAP—and those that build their suites on others' architectures. Wang notes that IBM also offers applistructure, but does not have its own ERP software.
For the big three vendors, the stakes are high as they seek to convince wary CIOs that their infrastructure and partner ecosystems are superior—not just their ERP suites.
"Going forward, these applistructures are going to be the difference between who succeeds and who fails, in many ways," says Wang. "The [big] vendors see themselves as playing the role of the hub in an ecosystem."
Chad Eschinger, a research director with Stamford, Conn.-based analyst firm Gartner , agrees that applistructure—or what Gartner calls business process platforms—is a key part of what the big ERP vendors offer. However, he adds, users aren't rushing into a platform choice. "It's a rather large decision as to which vendor to go with as your primary provider for that business process platform," he says.
ERP vendors such as Epicor and Infor are happy to build their solutions on someone else's platform, since it allows them to focus research and development efforts on functionality.
"For a vendor like Epicor, why even bother with infrastructure when it has this Microsoft .NET technology it can build on?" Wang asserts. "Lawson takes the same approach with IBM. For these vendors, it doesn't make sense to develop technology stacks from scratch."
Integration still rules
Gartner, for one, figures the ERP market will grow at a 7-percent compound annual growth rate through 2011.
In October 2006, Boston-based AMR Research published results of a survey of CIOs at U.S. companies, indicating they planned to increase ERP budgets by 12.3 percent in 2007. In a separate study last fall, AMR forecast 10-percent ERP market growth through 2010, though this takes into account extended application sales.
Forrester predicts the ERP market will grow by 6.3 percent through 2010. In another study from November 2006, Forrester predicted enterprises' 2007 budgets for all new software purchases would rise 10 percent from 2006, with collaboration and office software being the top area for investment, but with 18 percent of companies planning a major ERP upgrade, 25 percent a minor one, and 6 percent eyeing new purchases.
What's fueling this interest in a venerable market? AMR sees a mix of factors involved, including new customers, consolidation projects, add-on applications, and deployment to additional users.
Forrester, in its November 2006 enterprise software study, found that improved integration between applications is the top user priority (named by 27 percent); followed by upgrades to security (21 percent); and SOA adoption (12 percent). In another 2006 study on ERP, Forrester cited system cost as the top user concern, while most vendors, for all the SOA buzz, will focus on industry specialization.
Interest in integration manifests itself in projects such as ERP instance consolidation, says Wang, as well as solutions such as Duet from SAP and Microsoft that merge ERP and office productivity software. This interest in a blended user interface overlaps with SOA, but at the end of the day, users are after integration, says Wang.
"When most people think about integration, they think about SOA as well," he says. "When you add those two together, it's a pretty big area of interest."
Growth on the edge
Of course, functionality still matters, but rather than seeking a new way of doing core ERP functions such as general ledger, the interest is in functions such as sales & operations planning (S&OP) or business intelligence that make use of ERP data, says Eschinger.
And while ERP suite vendors may offer solutions in areas like S&OP, the early innovation tends to be driven by smaller vendors, Eschinger contends. This desire for innovation around the edges of ERP has allowed numerous best-of-breed supply chain management (SCM) vendors to survive—especially those that specialize in areas such as warehouse management.
Analyst data, however, suggests that the major ERP vendors steadily have focused more on SCM. According to AMR Research, in 2000, ERP vendors' SCM revenue was only 5 percent of their total, but by 2005, accounted for 8 percent of ERP vendor revenues.
Some of this SCM growth for ERP vendors has come from building their own applications, but part comes from acquisitions. For instance, Oracle has purchased demand-planning vendor Demantra, and transportation management vendor G-LOG.
Last August, AMR pegged the size of the SCM market at $5.6 billion for 2005, with enterprise suite giants SAP and Oracle as the first and second largest vendors respectively, followed by best-of-breed vendors i2 Technologies and Manhattan Associates in the third and fourth spots. The rest of the top 10 included best-of-breed vendors such as RedPrairie Corp. and Swisslog , both of which offer supply chain execution applications.
When it asked users last year what type of vendor companies currently use—or plan to use—for SCM applications, AMR says the most common answer was ERP vendors, followed by custom solutions from third parties, with best-of-breed SCM vendors in third. However, for transportation management, best-of-breed vendors still held the top spot.
The acquisitive nature of the big ERP vendors means today's innovative SCM start-up tomorrow might be in some ERP vendor's fold. Still, smaller players always have thrived on discovering and exploiting application niches.
With SOA platforms maturing, it may matter less to users whether their applications come from an ERP or best-of-breed vendor, especially if a best-of-breed vendor can demonstrate that its applications run smoothly on a larger vendor's SOA platform. Forrester's Wang contends that the very nature of who is an application provider will begin to shift as users and systems integrators leverage SOA to create unique, composite applications.
As Wang sums up, "The whole world is changing right now in terms of the enterprise software industry."
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Green Bay Area Crime Stoppers are blessed to have many Law Enforcement Coordinators and Members who serve as liaisons between the volunteer board and the law enforcement community. They serve as a valuable resource for the board on law enforcement matters and ensure communications between Crime Stoppers and their agencies are followed up on. They provide the case information utilized by Crime Stoppers to promote tip information from the general public.
The Law Enforcement Coordinators and Members that presently serve the Green Bay Area Crime Stoppers Board are;
Ashwaubenon Public Safety - Lt. Terry Rottier - email@example.com
Brown County Sheriff Dept - Det. Scott Semb - email@example.com
DePere Police Dept - Capt. Chad Opicka - email@example.com
Green Bay Police Dept - Melanie Skalmoski - firstname.lastname@example.com
Oneida Police Dept - Eric Boulanger - email@example.com
Pulaski Police Dept - Paul Grunert - firstname.lastname@example.com
Wrightstown Police Dept - Heather Martin - email@example.com

subset: commoncrawl


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by Staff Writers
Jerusalem (AFP) Dec 30, 2011
Israeli Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman condemned as "intolerable barbarism" Friday efforts by hardline ultra-Orthodox Jews to segregate the sexes in public places.
His comments came after Israel's chief military rabbi pledged that pressure from some religious officers for similar moves in the armed forces would not be tolerated.
"The phenomenon of the exclusion of women from ultra-Orthodox streets is an act of intolerable barbarism," Lieberman said in an interview published by Israel's top-selling Yediot Aharonot newspaper.
"We need to change our priorities," the minister said.
"It is inconceivable for the state to continue financing those who defy it and for the ultra-Orthodox to continue receiving subsidies, such as free (religious) schooling for their children."
Lieberman has an observant wife and daughter but himself heads the staunchly secular Yisrael Beitenu (Israel Our Home) party, which draws most of its support from immigrants from the former Soviet Union.
His comments came after Israel's chief military rabbi, Brigadier General Rafi Peretz, sent officers a memorandum condemning as "immoral" a slew of recent acts of discrimination against women and pledging that such behaviour would not be tolerated in the armed forces.
"Of late, there is a grave phenomenon of discrimination against women both outside the army and within it," public radio quoted Peretz as saying.
"I'm working to ensure that radical, wrong notions, such as those which inspired the events in Beit Shemesh, will not permeate the army," he wrote, according to news website Ynet.
Beit Shemesh, a town of 80,000 near Jerusalem, has witnessed a string of clashes between ultra-Orthodox activists and other residents.
On Thursday night, hundreds of activists torched refuse bins, blocked streets and stoned police sent to disperse them, police spokesman Micky Rosenfeld told AFP.
"There were several hundred who took part in the disturbances," he said. "Three people were arrested."
Rosenfeld said that there were no immediate reports of any new trouble on Friday.
"There's a strong police presence in the area," he said.
There have also been a number of controversial incidents within the army, with religious male soldiers walking out of official events where female troops sing, and women at celebrations asked to move to segregated enclosures.
An Orthodox Jew was charged on Thursday with sexual harassment after he allegedly verbally abused 19-year-old soldier Doron Matalon for refusing to comply with demands to sit with other women in the rear of a bus.
Shlomo Fuchs, a 44-year-old father, was charged with allegedly calling her a "whore".
"The increasing phenomenon of discrimination against women endangers democratic society," a magistrates court hearing at which the suspect was charged was told.
On Friday, Fuchs filed an appeal against his detention and was later allowed to return home after posting a 5,000 shekel (1,000 euro, $1,300) bond, a judicial source said.
Bail in the case had previously been set at 20,000 shekels but Fuchs was unable to pay and had been remanded in custody.
On Tuesday night, some 3,000 Israelis gathered at Beit Shemesh to protest against ultra-Orthodox extremists whose campaign for gender segregation has erupted into verbal and physical abuse against women.
The majority of the town's residents are religious Jews, among them a large and growing ultra-Orthodox community.
Activists have posted signs in their neighbourhood instructing women to dress "modestly" in long sleeves and calf-length skirts.
Israeli public radio reported that Attorney General Yehuda Weinstein set up a team on Thursday whose remit is to report back to the government with recommendations on stamping out the phenomenon.
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Israel sees Gaza push despite Egypt crisis
Tel Aviv, Israel (UPI) Dec 28, 2011
Israel's top general has warned that the military will have to invade the Palestinian enclave again if militants keep firing rockets into the Jewish state. If a new offensive against the coastal territory is launched, military officers say it will likely be more destructive than Israel's widely condemned 22-day invasion in December 2008. Any move against Gaza, ruled by Hamas mili ... read more
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By: Corben Wiley, Meg Demny, Wesley Johnson, and Reed Jackson
Fossils of Antarctica
The first fossils were reptiles called plesiosaurs. They were found on Seymour Island in 1982.
What was the first dinosaur fossil found in Antarctica? Where and when was it found?
what was the first fossil found on vega island in
What are the two reasons the fossil found on Vega Island is of particular importance to understanding the climate and location of Antarctica millions of years ago?
What were the first fossils found in Antarctica ? When and where the found ?
It was the ankylosaur and was found in James Ross island in 1986
A hadrosaur
They were about 20 feet tall and ate plants so that means that there were plants on the island at one point.
the fist dinosaour fossil and he fossil on vega island in 1986 were representive of what time period?
The cretaceous,about 146 million years ago
What dinosaur fossil was found in the Transantarctic Mountains in the summer of 1990-1991? During what geologic time period did this dinosaur live?
a Cryolophosaurus
Besides the fossils already discussed, name the other fossil animals that have been found in Antarctica.
a hypsilophodontid, iguanodontid, plateosaurid, mosasaurs, a pterosaur, various sauropods,
Why have so few dinosaur fossils been found in Antarctica?
because 98 percent of the continent is covered year-round by ice.
Ernest Shackleton reported seeing coal beds within 200 miles of the South Pole.
Coal is made up of dead plants which means the Antarctica used to be warmer, because it once supported trees, grasses and bushes
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corben wileyon 2 October 2014
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|Jeremy Boynes <jboy...@apache.org>
|Re: Modular build, was: VOTE: Approach for sharing code
|Fri, 16 Sep 2005 22:16:10 GMT
Evolution would start with a small change that was then built on and expanded. From that perspective, starting with a small change like the localization would be the beginning of an evolutionary change. Doing it now, near the start of a feature release, and providing plenty of time for feedback from users in the community is less disruptive than trying to rush it in at the end. This is one area where open source is different than closed source development - all users get to see changes early and can provide feedback into the process, not just a selected few during a beta cycle when it is usually far to late. As for the size of the common jar, once you go beyond one adding additional libraries in becomes just more of the same. That leads to a model where packaging is based on loose vs. close coupling considerations. Some services may be small, some may be larger, but the boundaries are determined by the use case and not an arbitrary packaging scheme. This was an issue originally with Jakarata Commons. In its early days, although the libraries were separated out from the original monolith they were still coupled together; it wasn't until later that the decoupling of services we have now was attained (and to some extent that is still a work in progress). -- Jeremy Satheesh Bandaram wrote: > +1. I also vote to solve the common code issues when we have sufficient > critical mass of it. Currently > there doesn't seem to be enough to justify a new mechanism, especially a > solution that is directly visible > to end users and could cause some disruptions. While the discussion has > been very useful to evolve a > possible solution in the future, I don't see an urgent need to address > this yet. Not sure how end-users > would see a derbycommon.jar that is only a few kilobytes (tens?) in size > and wonder why it is even there. > > We just released a 10.1 feature release... Not sure when our next > feature release is going to be, but seems > like there might be many months of time to address any packaging issues. > Let us continue to enhance > Derby in the current framework and as we get closer to another release, > we could evaluate the packaging > issues. > > Evolution, not revolution... Someone said this before, don't remember > who ... :-) > > Satheesh > > Andrew McIntyre wrote: > > >>+1! >> >>It looks like we've got a really intractable situation here. There are >>those against source/binary modification because of the inherent >>problems with maintenance and debugging, but you can't package the >>same classes in multiple jars because of signing/sealing and >>classloader issues, and if you split the classes out into a new jar >>then you've got usability and deployment issues. So what do you do? >> >>I'm wondering if this is really the functionality to be considering >>all of this for. Two or three small classes related to localization. >>Is it really worth the trouble? Are we really going to make a common >>jar file with two classes, without which you don't get error messages? >>Really? >> >>And remember, this isn't about reusing someone else's code or >>libraries. I don't think anyone is going to be against reusing other >>project's code or libraries in order to promote cross-project goodwill >>and general open source happiness. We're talking about copying two of >>our own classes from one part of the tree to the other. >> >>I think we can all tackle the code-sharing problem with some new >>functionality later. For which, by the way, I think a good candidate >>would be integrating Lucene for full text indexing as a good trial for >>both code reuse from other projects and code sharing among the >>different parts of Derby. And personally, I'd like to see David be >>able to finish localizing the error messages sometime this decade. :-) >> >>andrew >> >> >> >> >> > >
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Listed by Gretchjen Smith of Williamson Group Sothebys Intl. Realty
Call Four Seasons Sotheby's International Realty Real Estate for more information.
5 bed / 5.0 bath / 7,374 sqft.
Price/SF: $244
Property Description
Stunning home on the hill enveloped in complete privacy. Enjoy 146+ acres of open and wooded land that is currently enrolled in Vt Current Use program. Beilman Design provides gracious living spaces, tremendous natural light and super floor plan for entertaining. Handsome kitchen fit for a chef with an exquisite pantry devoted to equipment and preparation. Guest suite with two bedrooms and sitting area, finished basement with extra rec room and fireplace. Master suite with large walk in closets and gas fireplace for ambiance. Lovely screened in porch and a large covered porch overlooking lawns. Three levels of luxuious living. Larg oversized barn for storage. Easy access to GMHA, skiing, championship golf and fishing. Generator, driveway alarm... Private, quiet setting surrounded by nature and more. Property has potential for a family compound/ retreat. More land available, please inquire.
- Property Type: Single Family
- Acreage: 146.03
- Suitable Use: Agriculture, Farm - Horse/Animal, Field/Pasture, Woodland
- Area: Near Snowmobile Trails, Rural
- Zoning: Rural Res
- Frontage Road: 1,749
- Development/Subdivision: 1
- Driveway: Gravel
- Roads: Gravel, Public
- Lot description: Field/Pasture, Landscaped, Mountain View, Secluded, Trail/Near Trail, View, Wooded
- Date Showings Begin:
- Delayed Showing: Unknown
- State: VT
- Street: North Puckerbrush
- Building Number:
- Zip Code: 05062
- County: VT-Windsor
- Town: Reading
- Elementary School: Reading Elementary School
- Junior High: Woodstock Union Middle Sch
- High School: Woodstock Senior UHSD #4
- Square Feet: 7,374
- APX Fin Ag SqFt: 5,300
- APX Fin Below Grade: 2,074
- Year Built: 2000
- Total Rooms: 16
- Bedrooms: 5
- Total Bathrooms: 5.0
- Full Baths: 3
- 3/4 Baths: 0
- 1/2 Baths: 2
- Foundation: Concrete
- Property Style: Contemporary
- Construction: Existing
- Heating: Baseboard, Multi Zone, Stove, Stove - Wood
- Cooling: Central AC, Multi Zone
- Electric: Circuit Breaker(s), Generator
- Sewer: Concrete, Leach Field, Septic
- Heat Fuel: Gas - LP/Bottle
- Water Heater: Off Boiler
Interior Features:
- Blinds
- Dining Area
- Fireplace - Gas
- Fireplace - Wood
- Fireplaces - 3+
- In-Law Suite
- Kitchen Island
- Kitchen/Dining
- Laundry - 2nd Floor
- Living/Dining
- Master BR w/ BA
- Vaulted Ceiling
- Walk-in Pantry
- Kitchen Size: 18'8x23'8
- Dining Room Size: 15'9x12'6
- Living Room Size: 23'2x24'5
- Family Room Size: 25x21'9
- Office/Study Size: 8'2x13'1
- Utility Room Size: 10'10x10'3
- Master Bedroom Size: 19'6x23
- Bedroom Size: 18'4x8'10
- Bedroom Size: 12'2x15'2
- Bedroom Size: 12x15'3
- Bedroom Size: 13x16'10
- Den Size: 12'1x13'5
- Other Size: 13'3x12'1
- Other Size: 16'6x10'2
- Other Size: 13'7x17'2
- Basement: Climate Controlled, Concrete, Finished, Full, Stairs - Interior, Storage Space
- Exterior Features: Balcony, Barn, Patio, Porch - Covered, Porch - Screened
- Roof: Membrane, Shingle - Architectural, Standing Seam
- Exterior Color: Blue
- Exterior: Clapboard, Wood
- Accessibility Features: 1st Floor 1/2 Bathroom, 1st Floor 3 Ft. Doors, 1st Floor Hrd Surfce Flr, Kitchen w/5 Ft. Diameter
- Garage:
- Garage # Cars: 2
- Services: Satellite Internet
- Dishwasher
- Disposal
- Dryer
- Exhaust Hood
- Freezer
- Microwave
- Other
- Range - Gas
- Refrigerator
- Trash Compactor
- Washer
- Taxes: $40,998
The New England Real Estate Network provides Multiple Listing Services (MLS) in the States of New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts and Maine.
Copyright© 2017 The New England Real Estate Network. All rights reserved. This information is deemed reliable but not guaranteed. The data relating to real estate displayed on this Site comes in part from the IDX Program of NEREN. The information being provided is for consumers personal, non-commercial use and may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties consumers may be interested in purchasing. Data last updated on 07/24/2017.


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For sale by Linkup Homes VERIFIED 1 Sep 1:27 pmAmuwo Odofin, Lagos
3 Bedroom flat for sale in an estate at Osapa with sitting room, dinning section with guest toilet and all rooms en-suite. Fully fenced round with gate. For more information please call the agent.
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We selected Country Inn because of the free shuttle service to the Balloon Park, and they came through. Although we missed the first shuttle, the second got us to the park by 5:30 a.m., with no traffic delays. The drivers were all good, and we used the paid service later in the day for some sight-seeing locations. The staff was very accomodating and when my daughter decided at the last minute to join us, they were very gracious about extra towels, etc. Very comfortable beds and very clean room. Breakfast was available at 4 a.m. and it was nicely served. Only negative - nothing but fast food available within walking distance for dinner, etc. but the shuttle (for a charge) could take you to better places - and pick you up. Also, the tv was a little complicated to use.
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N e w T r i e r T o w n s h i p
- Jeffry Wells
- 2 years ago
- Views:
1 N e w T r i e r T o w n s h i p H o n o r i n g O u r P a s t, L o o k i n g f o r w a r d t o o u r f u t u r e looking forward to our future Page
2 On The Cover: Elm Street looking east from Maple Street in Winnetka c Photo courtesy of the Winnetka Historical Society. The Township Office located at 739 Elm Street in Winnetka in Township Volunteer James Marran (left) accepts a donation from a young shopper at Grand Food Center in Winnetka during the 2010 Summer Food Drive for the Pantry. Thanks to the community s generous support, approximately 250 bags of groceries and several hundred dollars in cash contributions were collected during the drive. Honoring our past
3 New Trier Township A j o u r n e y i n t i m e T a b l e o f C o n t e n t s How It All Began Page 2 Early Settlers & Early Settlements Page Towns & Villages Emerge Page 6 Getting Down To Business: Roads, Weeds & Stray Livestock Page 7 Elected Officials: Now & Then Page 9 How Schools Shaped the Township Page 15 Wet or Dry? Page 17 First Woman Supervisor Page 18 A New Century Brings Change Page 19 New Township Era: Specialization in Human Services Page 21 Citizen Involvement: Twenty-First Century Style Page 30 Longest Standing Tradition: Annual Town Meeting Page 31 Historic Landmark Page Looking forward to our future
4 H o w I t a l l B e g a n The first county governments mandated by the Illinois Constitution of 1818 consisted of a Board of Commissioners because the earliest settlers in Illinois came from the South and preferred the commission form of government. As more New Englanders - or blue-bellied Yankees - settled in the northern part of the state, they demanded the Township form of government. They were accustomed to getting together, electing their officers, and making policy decisions close to home. In 1848 the Yankees succeeded in amending the State constitution to provide that a county could switch to Township government by popular election. The area soon to be known as New Trier Township had a population of 473 when it chose to organize its government. The residents were a mix of farmers who had emigrated from Germany and entrepreneurial types who saw opportunities to start businesses, build fine homes, and raise their families in this developing part of Illinois. In Life on the Mississippi, Mark Twain wrote that Chicago was... a city where they are always rubbing the lamp, and fetching up the genii, and contriving and achieving new impossibilities. His description also fit the area that was just a long buggy ride north of the growing metropolis. From its beginning, New Trier has been a fractional Township: It deviates from the standard six-mile square because part of the Township is in Lake Michigan. The southern boundary was originally what is now Central Street in Evanston. The northern boundary was the county line (Lake Cook Road). The western boundary followed what we know today as Harms Road and Sunset Ridge Road. Back then it was a swampy peat bog that often burned for weeks at a time, sending clouds of black smoke over the marsh-like Skokie swamp. Having chosen the Township form of governing, the residents had to elect officers and formalize their duties. On the first Tuesday in April 1850, a group of men (women couldn t vote) assembled in response to a notice circulated throughout the area by the Clerk of Cook County. They met at the Wayside Inn, the home of John Garland. As the first order of business they chose Jesse Mattison as Moderator, John Garland as Clerk, and Thomas Russell as Assistant Clerk. The Minutes of that meeting, written in a beautiful handwriting by the Clerk and still stored in the Township archives, reads: Page 2 Honoring our past
5 The Moderator having proclaimed the Polls Open, the election commenced. At the close of the polls, the ballots being counted. Mr. James Hartrey was elected supervisor, John Garland, was elected Town Clerk; Mr. Andrew Hood and Mr. Hanson H. Taylor were elected Justices of the Peace; Mr. Michael Gormley, the Assessor; Mr. John Lowerman, the Collector Anton Snyder the Overseer of the Poor. Michael Dietrich Michael Gormley and Jas. Hartrey Commissioners of Highways. Frederick Uday and Charles Ludwick Constables William H. Garland John Lowerman and George Dietrich Overseers of Highways John Wanger and John Coonrod Poundmasters. New Trier Township now had officials but no money. The record reads: April 17, 1850 the Board of Auditors met at the Town Clerk s office and arranged for the following notice to be posted. Whereas a written statement signed by Joseph [sic] Hartrey superintendent, John Garland town clerk, Andrew Hood and Anson H Taylor justices of the peace and the following free holders whose names are these: John Betdhassy, Mathias Booney, John Coonrod, John Veerer, Lawon Hall, Diet Taylor, Peter Harms, Marcus Gormley, C. F. Uthey, Jacob Ludwick, Chas. Ludwick, and Michel Dietrich has been filed in my office showing that it is as they believe necessary for the interest of said Town that a special town meeting be holden you are therefore hereby notified to meet at the house of John Garland in said town on the second day of May next at 9 o clock in the morning and when convened to act on the following articles to wit: First to choose a moderator to preside at the meeting Second to vote a sufficient tax to purchase book for the town Third to vote tax sufficient to pay town officers Fourth to make regulations concerning cattle, horses, hogs etc. Given under hand at New Trier this 20th day of April 1850 John Garland clerk The minutes of Township meetings were handwritten by the Clerk and kept in a bound volume. When one book was filled, money was appropriated for another. To this date, Township Minutes dating from 1850 to the present are kept in books stored in the Township office. The record of the Town Meeting of May 2, 1850 states: $150 be raised to pay town officers and purchase book and stationary [sic] and other things needful for said town. That cattle, horses and hogs shall be allowed to run at large and if they get into a lawful enclosure the owners of said creatures shall pay what damage they shall commit. The fence shall be five feet high staked and... the three under rails to be four inches apart. Bulls to run at large liable to the above penalty. That a stud horse over 2 years old shall not run at large. All rams and sheep and lambs shall be allowed to run at large liable to the above penalty. Meetings were called to plan roads, build bridges, appoint new officials and pay bills. Officials were paid one dollar a day for performing their duties. looking forward to our future Page 3
6 E a r ly S e t t l e r s & E a r ly S e t t l e m e n t s The names of the first elected officers reflect some of the Township s history. They were a diverse group. The Patterson's were one of six families from Vermont who came to the area about Erastus Patterson built a log cabin on the east side of Sheridan Road that served as a welcoming place for travelers to the area, often on their way to Milwacky. Hanson Taylor (or Anson H. Taylor), who was an original Justice of the Peace, built a log cabin on a bluff north of the Hubbard ravine in He opened La Pier House, a tavern, in what was called Taylor s Landing, the business district of Taylorsport (later called Glencoe). He also built a pier, warehouse and facilities for unloading timber. Taylor did a brisk business handling building materials brought from Chicago and other cities around Lake Michigan for the new settlements in the area. He was appointed by the federal government to be the first postmaster for the area called New Trier. Michael Gormley, who was elected as Assessor, married one of Taylor s daughters. Later, he was active in the affairs of the Village of Glencoe. He died of an apoplectic fit at a Glencoe Village Board meeting -- things were much more heated in those days. John Garland, it was said, came from England and had inherited wealth. In 1847 he bought the Patterson Tavern, located near what is now Lloyd Park in Winnetka and operated it as the Wayside Inn for 10 years. It was also his home where he and his wife reared eight children. In 1836, Zeruha Patterson came with her husband, Erastus, and five children in an ox-drawn covered wagon to the new North Shore area. They built a log house known as Patterson s Tavern. After the death of her husband, she acquired 57 acres of land and sold the tavern, which passed into the hands of John Garland. Photo courtesy of the Winnetka Historical Society. Page 4 Honoring our past
7 Johann and Anna Lauermann were Gross Point pioneers in the days before the Township was chartered. Their descendents built a tavern and a dry goods store. Photo courtesy of Wilmette Historical Society. John Fredrick Schildgen, who served as Supervisor from 1858 to 1862, Assessor from 1874 to 1875 and, later, in other Township offices, was one of many early settlers who came from Trier, Germany. He was a civic leader and a strong advocate of public education. Matthias Happ, a member of an early German family that established a blacksmith shop, was elected Collector in 1853 but refused to serve. Legend says one of the Happs was responsible for naming the Township after the city of Trier. John Lowerman, an Anglicized version of Lauermann who was elected Collector in that first election, may have been a relative of Johann Lauermann, one of the original farmers in the Gross Point area. John Fiegen, a carpenter and a resident of the Gross Point area, was elected a Constable in April 1853 to fill a vacancy. His oath of office included a solemn vow that he had not fought a duel or sent to accept a challenge to fight a duel which might have been the Death of either party nor been a second to either party nor in any manner aided or affishled [sic] in such a duel nor been knowingly the Bearer of such a challenge or acceptance since the adoption of the Constitution and that I will not be so employed or concerned Directly or indirectly in or about any such Deed during my continuance in Office So help me God. Fiegen was 44 years old when he mustered into the service as a private in the Twenty-third Infantry Illinois Volunteers during the Civil War. He was taken prisoner on July 24, 1864, at the Battle of Kernstown in Winchester, Virginia, and died in Andersonville Prison. looking forward to our future Page 5
8 To w n s & V i l l a g e s E m e r g e The diversity of the new era is evidenced by the emergence of towns and the businesses that supported them. Wilmette was chartered in To the south, Wilmette included the land between Central Street and Isabella Street in what is now Evanston. That bit of land figured prominently in many squabbles over building a high school in New Trier Township. It ultimately became a part of Evanston in order to make the boundaries of the town of Evanston and Evanston Township the same. To the west, along Happ Road was a settlement known as Wau-bun, which became Northfield. Ridge Road was called Deutschman s Road, probably because most of the residents who had farms and businesses along its route were of German descent. It was the eastern boundary of the town of Gross Point, which was chartered in In 1896 Gross Point built its village hall, which today is the home of the Wilmette Historical Museum. A brochure published by the Wilmette Historical Museum says there were no less than 15 taverns within the boundaries of Gross Point. They were a source of town revenue that did not, alas, survive the course of history. The German farmers and businessmen were rivaled in their enterprise by the real estate investors who were platting and selling lots in Wilmette, Winnetka, Kenilworth and Glencoe. Winnetka was chartered in That same year Taylorsport became Glencoe and Joseph Sears model village, Kenilworth, completed in 1854, was chartered. Two events gave impetus to Township growth. One was the beginning of passenger service on the new railroad track from Chicago to Waukegan provided by the Chicago and Milwaukee Railway (later the Chicago and Northwestern Railway) in Two Wilmette citizens put up the $700 needed to build a wooden depot to entice the railroad to stop in Wilmette. The other event was the Great Chicago Fire in Many families decided to move out of the city and into the less-crowded suburbs. They bought lots and built houses on the North Shore and commuted by rail to their jobs in the city. Page 6 Honoring our past
9 G e t t i n g D o w n t o B u s i n e s s : R o a d s, W e e d s & S t r a y L i v e s t o c k In July 1850 the new officers had to grapple with serious business: There were very few roads in the area and most of them were simply muddy tracks. The new administrative unit was obligated to maintain the existing roads, such as they were, and build new ones. A series of entries in the Board Meeting Record books tell the story: A group of residents would appear with a petition to have a road built along a specific route. The men whose farms or property would be served by the road agreed to provide the labor. The Township would supervise the road construction and deliver the gravel necessary to surface the road. However, the direction or layout of the new road was often disputed. Another group would petition that the road should take another route. These disputes took considerable time to settle. A letter from a constituent read at an Auditors Meeting in 1910: Dear Sir! Will you kindly notify the proper authority in regard to the big ditch of which the sides are falling in and it is only a question of a few weeks that the road in front of my place will sink into it. The boards are rotten as was the whole job when done. Who ever heard of it to use the lumber that way without being soaked in hot tar, of course it must neccesarily [sic] rot in a comparatively short time. Please see to this at once and oblige very respt. L Schlotfeld The Road Commissioners were instructed by the Auditors to investigate Mr. Schlotfeld s problem. Because some of the Township sat on a flood plain, concerns about roads, sewers, and drainage ditches had a high priority in the Township government. In 1879 a notation indicates that the Township s road expenses amounted to $2,800. To become stuck in the mud along a Glencoe village street was not unusual in the early days. Photo courtesy of the Glencoe Historical Society. looking forward to our future Page 7
10 From the beginning, there was a concern for those in need. Overseer of the Poor was one of the first offices established. The Township Auditors were also Justices of the Peace (JPs) with jurisdiction over civil cases that did not exceed claims over $500 and criminal cases that were punishable by fines only. Drunks and disturbers of the peace were either fined locally or, after adjudication, sent to Cook County. Complaints against owners of free-running livestock that damaged gardens were also handled by the JPs. Later they had the responsibility for ticketing autos that exceeded the 12-mile-an-hour speed limit. The money to carry out all these responsibilities came from assessments on real and personal property, so an Assessor and a Collector were essential Township officials. The office of Collector was fraught with difficulty from the beginning. Collecting taxes wasn t easy, and the Collector almost always needed a special account to pay his expenses. The Collector was paid a percentage of the taxes he collected in addition to reimbursement for expenses. These expenses had to be accounted for and often the accounting seems to have been inadequate. An excerpt from the minutes of a meeting in 1880 notes that the sum of $150 would be allowed to B. Mueller as extra Page 8 compensation for the collection of taxes, providing B. Mueller brings a statement and settlement from the County Treasurer for all the money he received and paid out to the proper officers. Early proceedings reflected a somewhat relaxed attitude toward roaming animals, but an indication of increased urbanization appears in a set of 1871 minutes: Resolved that it shall not be lawful to let run at large at any time during the year any horse or horses, colts, mules or asses... Apparently it was unnecessary to mention sheep, goats, or hogs. Public health concerned the Township officials. In 1877 there was an outbreak of smallpox. Fifty printed smallpox cards were ordered to mark houses where someone was sick with the disease. Honoring our past
11 E l e c t e d O f f i c i a l s : N o w & T h e n Supervisor Since the 1850 election, the positions and the duties of some of the elected officials have changed. The elected officials now serve fouryear terms; in the beginning, elections were held every year. The Township Supervisor is Treasurer of the General Town Fund and Overseer of the Poor (General Assistance). The Supervisor accounts to the Board of Trustees (Auditors) for moneys received and disbursed. In the early days the Overseer of the Poor was a separate elective office. Today, the Supervisor is the chief executive officer of the Township: Treasurer of all Township funds, Supervisor of General Assistance, and Chair of the Township Board. Assessor The Township Assessor was responsible for assessing property until 1954, when the Cook County Assessor assumed the task. Today the Township Assessor is still required to hold a Certified Illinois Assessing Officer designation but functions as a local ombudsman for taxpayers. The Township Assessor s office is linked via computer to the Cook County Assessor s office and is able to access County data on all the parcels in the Township. Today s Township Assessor s office provides a local facility for residents seeking information or assistance filing for exemptions, appealing their assessments, changing their billing information, and looking for sales or permit data, legal descriptions, plat maps, and notary services. The office is also a source of information for attorneys, real estate brokers, surveyors, appraisers, businesses, villages, schools, park districts, and libraries. In fiscal year 2011, the Township Assessor s office served more than 3,000 Township residents. Clerk As custodian of official records, the Clerk serves as Township historian. The Clerk keeps Minutes of each township meeting, publishes public notices, files ordinances and administers oaths of office. The Clerk is also responsible for organizing the Annual Town Meeting, a traditional evening celebrating democracy in action that takes place the second Tuesday in April. The Clerk's office provides services including registering voters, answering election questions, distributing election judge materials, responding to Freedom of Information Act looking forward to our future Page 9
12 requests, accepting passport applications, providing temporary disability parking placards, acting as a notary public and issuing Cook County vehicle stickers. Collector In Cook County, the Township Collector has no duties and serves without pay, but the Township is still required by law to fill this elective position. The duties were taken over by the Cook County Treasurer in Before that time, the Township Collector collected taxes-real, railroads, and personal property taxes. The Township funded its work by keeping a percentage of the taxes collected. Trustees Called Auditors until the 1970s, these four elected officials, plus the Supervisor, examine and audit all claims and charges against the Township; approve the appointments of Township personnel; make specific appointments for services necessary for the welfare of the Township; and approve the annual budget, which includes the allocations of funds to social service agencies. The Supervisor draws up the annual budget and is chair of the Board of Trustees. Commissioner of Highways (and Roads and Bridges) and Overseer of Highways. Once considered very important, these positions were completely eliminated in New Trier Township by Duties were taken over by the State, Federal, County and Village governments. In many Illinois townships the position still exists. Justice of the Peace This position has also been eliminated, though in the beginning, the Board of Auditors was made up of Justices of the Peace. Constable Duties have been taken over by the Public Safety Departments of the villages within the Township. Pound Master Duties have been assumed by the villages. Page 10 Honoring our past
13 Other positions, sometimes elective and sometimes appointive, were responsible for public health and ridding the Township of noxious weeds. Township Minutes list vouchers for fumigating a house ($5) and burying a dead horse ($5). As the towns and villages were incorporated, new elective bodies, with taxing privileges, were created: park districts, library boards, school boards, sanitary district, forest preserve, mosquito abatement, etc. Township officials are elected on the first Tuesday in April in the same manner as officials of other government units. These officials serve a four-year term. There is no indication that the national political parties figured in the elections of candidates for Township offices, although the elections were often contested. Today, the New Trier Citizens League, which is a volunteer organization but is considered a political party and subject to the same rules, interviews potential candidates and prepares a slate for each Township election. The League s slate is not necessarily the only one. Anyone who wishes to run for a Township office as an independent candidate may do so if he/she follows correct procedures for filing. In today s New Trier Township organization, two appointed and paid administrators assist the Board with its tasks: the Social Services Administrator and the Community Services Administrator. The former is a licensed social worker who assists the Supervisor in the administration of the General Assistance Fund and serves a pivotal role in evaluating residents needs and referring them to the many social services available. The Community Services Administrator works with the Township s agency funding process and the Peer Jury. He also coordinates the volunteer committees that serve as the Board s liaisons to agencies funded by the Township. A Community Social Worker provides professional counseling and crisis intervention services. In addition, the Township employs a Director of Administration & Finance who maintains financial records and reports to the Board monthly, an Administrative Assistant, and a Deputy Assessor. looking forward to our future Page 11
14 First Election April 1850 Supervisor James Hartrey Other offices held: Clerk, Justice of the Peace, Highway Commissioner Town Clerk John Garland Justices of the Peace Andrew Hood Hanson [sic]taylor Other office held: Overseer of the Poor Assessor Michael Gormley Other offices held: Overseer of the Poor, Supervisor, Highway Commissioner Collector John Lowerman Other office held: Overseer of Highways Elected Officials 2010 Supervisor Patricia B. Cantor Other office held: Trustee Assessor JoAnn Shrier Gordon Trustee Paddie Brennen Clerk Jerome Hoynes Collector Joe Fell Trustee Alan Goldberg Overseer of the Poor Anton Snyder Commissioners of Highways Michael Dietrich Michael Gormley Jas. Hartrey Constables Charles Ludwick Frederick Uday Overseers of Highways George Dietrich William H. Garland John Lowerman Trustee Gerri Kahnweiler Trustee Stefan Mozer Page 12 Pound Masters John Coonrod John Wanger Other offices held: Overseer of the Poor, Commissioner of Highways Anson Hartshorne Taylor became the first political office holder in the town of New Trier (pop. 473) as Justice of the Peace. Photo courtesy of Glencoe Historical Society. Honoring our past
15 Elected Officials John Ellis..Collector Francis Ellis Overseer of Poor Joseph Brazel..Assessor John Schildgen.Supervisor Assessor, Justice of the Peace, Highway Commissioner, Clerk, Collector Christopher F. Uthe..Overseer of the Poor John Feigen..Constable Reinard Nanzig..Commissioner of Highways, Clerk Lambert Blum...Clerk, Overseer of the Poor Overseer of Highways George Brazel.....Assessor Chris Layman.....Overseer of Highways Hubert Harring...Overseer of Highways John Smith...Supervisor John Walter....Pound Master Mathias Schiefgen...Collector Mathias Happ..Overseer of Highways Nicholas Schiefgen...Commissioner of Highways Peter Smith....Pound Master John Panalard.....Overseer of Highways Lambert Dunham....Overseer of Highways John Bards......Overseer of Highways John Frazen......Constable Anton Hashcamp..Supervisor, School Trustee Matthias Schram..Overseer of Highways Charles Westerfield.Commissioner of Highways Thomas Moses...Collector Matthias Schaefer......Collector Joseph Pashback......Pound Master Jacob Smit...Overseer of Highways Thomas Thompson....Supervisor George Seiber.....Supervisor John Shafer.....Collector Mathias Peyo......Constable Thomas Bohen......Constable John Pavillard..Overseer of Highways Mase Dushmae....Overseer of Highways Joseph Blesher....Overseer of Highways John N. Smith..Supervisor Baptiste Mueller Collector D.S. Kloepfer..Commissioner of Highways H. Haskamp......School Trustee Fritz Schwall......Road Supervisor Joseph Schneide...Road Supervisor Mose Durham..Road Supervisor Ganglof Sesterhem..Clerk M.F. Ruggle..School Trustee C. McDaniel....Constable Paul Heuter...Justice of the Peace Peter Heuter...Commissioner of Highways John Whitney..Clerk Benedict Vollman...School Trustee, Collector Dennis Kloepfer.Collector Phillip McKinney.....Constable Elected Officials William Merrill.Constable William J. Oman.. Constable Anton Engles.Constable Harry Marshall Assessor Alonzo Coburn Justice of the Peace Mason Clarke. Justice of the Peace John A. McKeighan.. Constable James C. Corns.Constable Joseph Rengel.Commissioner or Highways G. Schwinger..Commissioner of Highways J. O. Parker..School Trustee Michael Lane...Supervisor Sanborn Hale.Collector C. B. Randall.Assessor Ashbel G. Ligare..Supervisor John Schaefer..Assessor Edwin Drury.Collector Fred Schramm.Commissioner of Highways Carlton Prouty...Justice of the Peace, Collector F. L. Joy...School Trustee Paul Nanzig Commissioner of Highways William Hector Maclean..Assessor looking forward to our future Page 13
16 Phillip McKinney.. Constable Lloyd Llewellin..School Trustee Micheal Lane...Supervisor John Maloney. Commissioner of Highways Joseph Long....Assessor Joseph Balmes Pound Master John Leonard.School Trustee Gertrude Thurston...Supervisor Frank Copeland..Clerk Hoyt King.Collector Perry Broadstreet... Assessor Walter Crozier... Clerk Walter Wallace Commissioner of Highways George Harbaugh Assessor Leland V. Pierson Clerk R. E. Sinsheimer..Justice of the Peace L. C. Ayles. Commissioner of Highways Edmund Burke... Justice of the Peace Daniel Micke.. Justice of the Peace Frank Pavlik, Jr.. Justice of the Peace Margaret Pierson Clerk G. Gordon Peglow..Supervisor Wesley Blom... Supervisor Elected Officials Gertrude Gardner... Auditor Donald Haider.... Auditor Robert Vogel.. Auditor Frederick W. Shefte.... Auditor Raymond Narjarin... Justice of the Peace Lyle Richmond....Justice of the Peace Fred H. Schmidt...Commissioner of Highways Ruth Draper Leisner....Clerk E.B. Creger....Clerk Peter Brennen.... Supervisor Robert Miller......Auditor Marian Schaeger.. Auditor Mary Cadman.....Auditor Joseph W. Zick... Auditor Joseph E. Wyse...Auditor Page 14 Keki R. Bhote.Supervisor Patricia M. Nielsen..Trustee Ann Diaz Trustee Arnold Wolff..Trustee Betsy Fyfe... Trustee John Russell.Trustee Ira Rubel..Trustee Jane Allen Simon..Trustee Katrina S. Pfutzenreuter..Supervisor, Trustee Phillip J. Hoza III...Clerk, Trustee Donna Hill. Clerk Howard Davis Assessor Bernard McKee..Collector Mildred Peters. Trustee Arthur West.Trustee Doris Sternberg.... Trustee Neil H. Adelman...Trustee Deborah Kotz.. Trustee Irvina Warren.. Trustee Clarine C. Hall.Supervisor Kathleen Almond.Assessor Lindsey Brown.Trustee Allan Ashman...Collector Sheila K. Mitchell...Clerk Harold R. Marsh.. Collector, Trustee Patricia B. Cantor.. Supervisor, Trustee Leon A. Carrow.... Trustee Carol A. Davis..Trustee Elizabeth B. Phillips..Trustee James Goulka...Trustee George Noyes Collector Bob Shen..Trustee Elizabeth Warren..Trustee JoAnn Shrier Gordon.. Assessor Diane G. Fisher Trustee Alan Goldberg. Trustee Stefan Mozer...Trustee Joe Fell.Collector Jerome Hoynes...Clerk Paddie Brennen...Trustee Gerri Kahnweiler. Trustee Honoring our past
17 H o w S c h o o l s S h a p e d T h e To w n s h i p The New Trier Township office takes several calls every day from people who want to talk with someone at New Trier Township High School. The similarity in the name is, no doubt, the reason for the confusion. The high school, which serves an area that is almost coterminous with the boundaries of New Trier Township, has its own elected Board of Trustees, as do the other school districts within the Township. In early days, many children were home schooled. Several early settlers William Foster, John Garland, Bartholomew Hoffman, the Peck family and others built one-room log school houses and hired teachers to educate the local children. School attendance was not mandatory until 1883 when state law required 12 weeks of school each year for children between the ages of 8 and 14. The Township was chartered in 1850; the first municipalities were chartered in By 1861 there were five school districts within the Township boundaries, but none offered a high school education. Evanston Township High School was established in 1883, and some students from New Trier Township paid tuition to attend Evanston. Building and maintaining a high school was expensive, and the young municipalities were grappling with the expenses of building water and sewer systems. Wilmette, particularly, was deeply in debt and had little chance of expansion. One solution put forth was to annex Wilmette to Evanston so students could attend Evanston High School. There was also talk at the time (1892) of annexing Rogers Park to Evanston, but the residents there voted to be annexed to Chicago. Many Evanstonians adamantly opposed being part of Chicago because their town was the center of the temperance movement. They feared their power to prohibit saloons would be lost. The famous four-mile boundary drawn by the temperance-minded Methodists around Northwestern University had prevented the sale of all alcoholic beverages for many years. They also looked with disfavor at the saloons in Gross Point. A 1894 referendum to annex Wilmette to Evanston was defeated by only three votes after a bitter campaign. The Township election in 1897 was hotly contested and included a referendum to form a high school that was defeated by 10 votes. About half the voters did not even bother to vote on the issue. The real looking forward to our future Page 15
18 estate operators were in favor of annexation because they thought it would increase land values and home prices. Many people in Evanston supported the idea. Two years later, voters approved the organization of New Trier Township High School District and a high school Board of Education was elected. At that time the Township had a population of about 5,000. Half of those eligible voted on the issue. Land speculators who saw the advantage of a high school serving the area hopped on the bandwagon. They negotiated land for the building and access roads. The Township provided many loads of gravel. On a snowy February day in 1901 New Trier Township High School welcomed its first class of 76 students. In 12 years, a third addition to the original building was needed to keep up with the growing student population of 600. At the 1954 Annual Town Meeting, the Township voted to appropriate $350,000 from the Town Fund for the purpose of erecting a Memorial Library at the high school to honor those who gave their lives serving their country. New Trier Township High School in Photo Courtesy of Winnetka Historical Society. In 2009, New Trier had an enrollment of 4,144. Freshmen attend the west campus (left) in Northfield, which was re-opened in 2001, while sophomores through seniors attend the east campus (right) in Winnetka. Photos courtesy of New Trier Township High School. Page 16 Honoring our past
19 W e t o r D r y? Allowing the sale or service of alcoholic beverages in the Township or in the villages was a hotly contested issue for 75 years. With the town of Evanston home of the Women s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) at the forefront, residents felt temperance added to the tone and quality of life in the Township villages. There was one outstanding exception: the village of Gross Point, which was incorporated in 1874 west of Wilmette. Along the eastern boundary of Gross Point now called Ridge Road a number of saloons thrived. The German farmers liked their lager. A referendum in 1909 banned the sale of alcoholic beverages under a local option law. Gertrude M. Thurston, who later was elected New Trier Township Supervisor, was quoted as urging members of the Winnetka Woman s Club to support the drys by using our influence and our tongues in reminding our husbands to vote. She and the other ladies had no vote at that time. With large debts accumulated for a sewer project and with ten years of no money coming in from liquor licenses, the Village of Gross Point went bankrupt in 1919, and was annexed to Wilmette in In a few more years the issue was more or less settled. In the 1970s, a new hotel in Evanston was the reason that town finally allowed the sale of alcoholic beverages in restaurants that served food. The village allowed only one package store, which is still operating today. In 1974, Wilmette passed an ordinance that allowed beer and wine to be sold in grocery stores. The voters approved by 5,778 to 3,223 the sale of liquor in restaurants when patrons purchased food. Package stores were approved by a 4 to 2 vote of the village board. The other Township villages passed similar ordinances in the 1980s. Schallick s Tavern in Gross Point, From left to right: Frank Meier, William Klinge, Bill Rengel, Mike Loutsch, John Loutsch. Photo courtesy of Wilmette Historical Society. looking forward to our future Page 17
20 F i r s t W o m a n S u p e r v i s o r Women got the vote in Illinois in 1913, and in 1914 Township residents elected their first woman Supervisor, Gertrude M. Thurston. She held the office for 31 years. One of the founders of the Winnetka Woman s Club, she is listed in the club s charter as Mattie G. Thurston. In a 1947 letter to Lora Townsend Dickinson, who was writing a history of the Club, Mrs. Thurston explained that her given name was Martha G. (for Gertrude). When she became Supervisor of New Trier Township, she transposed her first and middle names and became Gertrude M. Thurston. It seemed more dignified, she said. Mrs. Thurston used her vote as well as her tongue to influence Township affairs. It is noted in the minutes of a Township Meeting that she sold a car that the Township had purchased for official use and proposed to use her own car for official business, billing the Township for expenses. She returned the price of the car to the Township treasury. During her early years in Township office, she took over the duties of the Overseer of the Poor and the stipend that went with it. Mrs. Thurston also had a second career: She was the first woman police officer in Winnetka. She joined the force in 1917 and served until She was a juvenile officer responsible for juvenile delinquency cases. In a report to the Village of Winnetka, she told of her work with golf club cases. I prosecuted one golf club for employing caddies during school hours and have had correspondence with most of the others on the North Shore, which have promised their co-operation in the future. I except from criticism the Indian Hill Club, as I believe they are setting a pace in high standards for their caddies, which the other clubs will do well to follow. In this report she notes that in four years she had had official acquaintance with 328 children, 128 from Winnetka. She was widowed in Her husband s obituary noted he had been compelled to retire from public life 10 years previously due to poor health. (He was a newspaper and magazine editor, who was also very active in the civic life of Winnetka.) The fact that she had four daughters and an ailing husband may have had something to do with her pursuit of two careers and additional stipend-paying responsibilities at the Township. Page 18 Honoring our past
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text:
Enforced Hysterectomies
Richmond, Caroline
Bibliographic Citation
BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 1994 April 30; 308(6937): 1163
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We gay men sure do love our fantasies involving cops. And Academy Men has plenty of photo galleries and videos involving cops. Most of the cops are brutalizing their prisoners, but some, like this one, turn the tables on the cops. This handsome cop is wearing a beige, leather uniform and he's submitting himself for a hot bondage scene. First his hands are bound behind his back, then he's gagged with a wide piece of duct tape. After his whole body is tied up in rope and a series of intricate and decorative knots, his Master unties all of the rope except for the binds around this cop's hands. Slowly the cop is stripped, until he's wearing nothing but his jockstrap. And then, his hairy body is bound again; this time he's tied up sitting in a chair. I know what I'd be doing at this point: I'd be cutting off that sweaty jockstrap with my Swiss Army knife and getting to work on the helpless cop's cock.
Tags: BDSM (154), bondage (162), uniforms (39), Academy Men (4), cops (39),


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T And A Housewives 23: AlexisFavorites [+]
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Running Time: 38 minutes
Released: 01/2009
Studio Name: T&A Studios
Series: T And A Housewives
Director: Logan Drake
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by traci
I always wanted a dog growing up but never got the opportunity until i was 17. me and my boyfriend at the time got a puppy (chocolate lab) i picked her name and named her Tater Bug and my special name for her was Belly Bugs. She was a very good puppy not many accidents or problems with chewing. She was very adorable. She was very smart and loyal. we had our special times between me and her like treat time and rides together. lol while riding in the car she had to have the front seat i rode in the back seat a few times....but she would watch the road it was funny because before we got to a curve she was done leaning the right way. her favorite treat was cheese...not even particular on what kind. any time she heard the crisper open she was there at your feet waiting. to wake me up she would stand over me and pant in my face then when i opened my eyes she acted as if she wasnt doing anything. She was a very good momma dog too she had 4 litters of puppies....i moved away the last year of her life which makes me sad because it was my choice. i remember the last day so well i seen her. i was going to my grandma's house and my other dog got in the car and she wanted to ride w/me for the last time and she growled and it was as if no i want to go alone with her. i pet her head and played with her ears and told her i would never forget about her and would think of her every minute. one day i got a phone call saying she had passed the night before. she had heart worms and was too active the vet said and she died. she was my top dog i always told her that. i am just very sad still and its been 5 months since her death. she was only 5 years old i dont understand why she had to go!!!
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Product Information
Potent and delicious, Dorwest Garlic Tablets are a favourite with horses, cats and dogs alike. Highly palatable, this nutritious supplement contains pure garlic oil, known for its beneficial effects on equine immune systems.
The easy, clean and simple dose tablets are absorbed superbly and can be used year round to support your horse's natural functions, particularly through the winter months.They are a licensed herbal medicine for the symptomatic treatment of coughs and bronchial conditions, and an aid to maintaining general health in dogs and cats.
Veterinary garlic tablet for use in bronchial conditions but with many beneficial effects on general health. Ideal to give on a regular daily basis to all dogs and cats.
1 tablet per 5kgs bodyweight daily, can be given indefinitely for general health.
• Use during pregnancy and lactation: Yes
• Age from which can be used: 8 weeks of age
• Interactions: Can be given in conjunction with any other medication
• Long or short term use: May be given indefinitely to maintain general health
• Sugar coated tablet: Yes
Garlic 30mg; Oil of Garlic 0.001ml.
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Dorwest Garlic Tablets for Dogs & Cats x500
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Before we are able to send this product straight out to you, we just need you to read the following carefully and please respond to the statements:
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If you're unable to agree to any of the above, please give us a call on 0345 032 8002.
We do this to meet VMR* guidelines, in place to keep your pet healthy.
*Veterinary Medicines Regulations


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