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Everyone, please welcome Piers Alexander to the blog. He is the author of the historical fiction The Bitter Trade, and you can catch my review of it over HERE. It is much amusement we chat about time travel, books we have yet to appreciate, meals famous dead authors might have fancied, among other interesting things. Please sit back and enjoy the interview!
Myths and beliefs that we would consider fiction or fantasy in modern literature once upon a time shaped history (think of all the hunts for unicorns & dragons). Do you see modern fantasy fiction affecting human cultures today and how?
Good question! I see today's fantasy fiction as like an alternative strand of historical fiction: very often the settings, and the characters' values and challenges, reflect the medieval world. But isn't science fiction really today's fantasy? When I read or watch sci-fi, I see mythical beasts, and ethical challenges that reflect what's happening in our society (space exploration is like globalization, there are always conflicts for resources (eg Avatar), inter-species rivalries and romances… So my answer is yes – if you think of sci-fi as today's fantasy.
Are minions/sidekicks just throwaway devices in a tale? Can they become more? Do they need to become more?
They definitely do need to be more! I worked with an excellent editor (Sally O-J, who also works with Sarah Waters) on The Bitter Trade, and she showed me just how important it is that all characters are three-dimensional, with their own backstories and motivations. My father's an actor, and he puts as much care and attention into working out a one-line character as he does for a main character – I think good writers do the same.
As a reader, I always enjoy discovering subplots and sidekicks who are unpredictable and take the story off into a richer world. One of my favorite writers is Patrick O'Brian, who wrote the Master and Commander series. He put so much care into the minor characters that I regularly found myself stopping and putting the book down each time he killed one off!
What are the top 3 historical time periods and locations you would like to visit?
Definitely the late seventeenth century, especially London. Packed with mavericks, genius scientists, egotistical but hugely wealthy merchant adventurers, all opining and singing and doing deals in the smoky, raucous coffeehouses of the period.
I would have to go back to ancient Egypt and experience a civilization that for a while was just so advanced compared to its neighbors… and of course to see some old school magic.
And – since it's Thor Heyerdahl's 100th birthday as I'm writing this – I'd like to join the great South Seas migrations. I've always wondered what would make a tribe of Polynesians get in their canoes and just head out into thousands of miles of empty Pacific Ocean, hoping to hit land. Now that's a sci-fi premise.
Which ancient or historical works have you not read and periodically kick yourself for not having made time for them yet?
I only ever read Dickens at school. I think I am waiting until I have finished my trilogy, because I don't want to compete with or emulate him. But I will definitely read them all.
I haven't read The Last of the Mohicans either. And I also can't touch it until I've written the trilogy, because my main character Cal ends up in a nasty Indian war in 1690s Virginia.
In my experience, some of the best fiction is based on facts and history. How do you build your research into your fictional works?
It's very tricky! I tend to do my research in three or four phases rather than in one big block, because I want the characters and story to have their own voice. I don't enjoy historical fiction that is just a rehashing of historical fact, so I deliberately use invented characters and then write a historical note to explain how I've diverged from the official records. I'll get inspired by broader, more popular histories, and then gradually dive into the amazing eighteenth century labyrinth called the London Library. It has creepy unlit back shelves where the most esoteric histories can be found. I love it.
I've also started working with specialist historians to make sure that the "invented" parts of the book don't jar with readers.
In this age of publishing, self-promotion is really necessary for the author. What do you enjoy most about advertising yourself and your works? What do you find most challenging?
I love reading to an audience. The great French writer Chateaubriand used to edit his work by reading ALL of it aloud – and I've certainly been much more ruthless when editing scenes when I know I'll be doing a gig. It's such a fundamental part of human nature, to share stories and songs around a fire.
I also enjoy writing blogs and Q&As. You've asked some questions that make me question my own motivations and beliefs about books and history, and that's a great process.
What's most challenging is the impersonal, internet-based aspects of marketing. Tweeting can be fun, but working out how to time promotions to maximize Amazon rankings feels about as far from writing as you can get. That's why it's cool to talk to book-loving bloggers like you – it feels like a very personal connection to you and your readers.
If you could sit down and have dinner with 5 dead authors, who would you invite to the table? What would they order?
George Macdonald Fraser, author of the Flashman series. I think he might have a quite elaborate, spicy, seven course meal, like an officer of the Raj.
Patrick O'Brian, of the Aubrey/Maturin series. He's put me through so much emotional pain that I would make him eat a weevilly ship's biscuit.
Leo Tolstoy. We would sit down with his serfs and enjoy their watery beetroot soup and rye bread – while we discussed the Infinite.
George Orwell. We would share some simple Catalan dishes, beans and sausages and grilled fish, and talk of the Spanish Civil War, revolution and justice.
And the Emperor Marcus Aurelius. Peacock tongues, honeyed lamb, garlic roasted kale, and a vigorous discussion on how Richard O'Brien played him in THAT movie.
What do you do when you are not writing?
Hang out with my partner-in-crime, wife, muse and best friend – the singer-songwriter and author Rebecca Promitzer. Walk my dog Lulu in the mystical emerald depths of London's Hampstead Heath. Keep an eye on the two very cool business media companies I co-founded. Think of hilarious places to do readings: historical reenactments, art galleries, coffee shops, Berlin… It's a great excuse to meet new people and discover new places.
Thank you Susan!
Blurb from Goodreads on The Bitter Trade:
The Bitter Trade is a historical adventure set during the Glorious Revolution: Rebellious silk trader Calumny Spinks must become a coffee racketeer and join the conspiracy against the King to save his father's life.
In 1688, torn by rebellions, England lives under the threat of a Dutch invasion. Redheaded Calumny Spinks is the lowliest man in an Essex backwater: half-French and still unapprenticed at seventeen, yet he dreams of wealth and title.
When his father's violent past resurfaces, Cal's desperation leads him to become a coffee racketeer. He has just three months to pay off a blackmailer and save his father's life – but his ambition and talent for mimicry pull him into a conspiracy against the King himself.
Cal's journey takes him from the tough life of Huguenot silk weavers to the vicious intrigues at Court. As the illicit trader Benjamin de Corvis and his controlling daughter Emilia pull him into their plots, and his lover Violet Fintry is threatened by impending war, Cal is forced to choose between his conscience and his dream of becoming Mister Calumny Spinks.
Places to Stalk Piers Alexander


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Question about 2002 Ducati 998 S
Im hoping someone can help here. My bike sometimes will crank over and over and will not start. This only happens after riding for at least 15 min or so. It happened today after running down to gas station
Darn thing wouldnt start after I fueled it up. After sitting for 10 min it fires right up and runs great. When starting cold it fires right up with no prob. Someone told mevapor lock is my issue this sound right ? and if so what is vapor lock and how do I prevent it ? thx all for your support.,The vapor lock situation happened to me a few times with my 748, so it CAN happen. To test this theory, just fill your tank to 1/2 of what it normally holds, next time you fill it. Or pop the cap off right now and let it sit for 10 minutes and close it back up again. Al your doing is releasing the pressure on the system. Will this do any good? Well, had always been filling my tank too high and once I realized that popping the gas cap, would release the pressure, I never had a problem after.,,,
Posted on Nov 10, 2008
SOURCE: I have freestanding Series 8 dishwasher. Lately during the filling cycle water hammer is occurring. How can this be resolved
a 6ya expert can help you resolve that issue over the phone in a minute or two.
best thing about this new service is that you are never placed on hold and get to talk to real repairmen in the US.
the service is completely free and covers almost anything you can think of (from cars to computers, handyman, and even drones).
click here to download the app (for users in the US for now) and get all the help you need.
Posted on Jan 02, 2017
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The Story of Robert the Bruce
Hardcover, 81 Pages
Price: $17.95
Prints in 3-5 business days
A classic work originally directed at younger readers dealing with the life and achievements of King Robert I of Scotland (1274–1329), popularly known as Robert the Bruce. One of the most famous Scottish warriors of all time, his unfailing efforts to achieve Scottish independence were eventually rewarded with success, and he became king in 1309 and reigned until his death. This tale, drawn upon original chronicler sources, reveals much of Robert's background, his travels, adventures—and the many incredible characters on both English and Scottish sides during their wars. From Bruce's famous "never give up" lesson from a spider, the fighting bishop, numerous bloody battles, and through to his tragic death due to leprosy, this fascinating work details all the major events in the life of Scotland's national hero. This version has been completely reset and hand-edited and contains the original illustrations by F. M. B. Blaikie.
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Product Details
- Copyright
- Ostara Publications (Standard Copyright License)
- Edition
- Third edition
- Publisher
- Ostara Publications
- Published
- November 29, 2014
- Language
- English
- Pages
- 81
- Binding
- Hardcover (dust-jacket)
- Interior Ink
- Black & white
- Weight
- 0.44 lbs.
- Dimensions (inches)
- 6 wide x 9 tall
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My name is Caden Jester. I'm a music producer from San Diego, California. I have been producing for over 6 years and mixing/mastering for a little over 3 years.
The genres listed below are not all I can do. I can do almost any genre, depending on the song. I am willing to negotiate, based on budget/needs.
Contact me through the blue button above and lets get to work.
Gear highlights
- Dynaudio MKII studio monitors
- Presonus Firestudio Audio Interface
- 27in iMac
- Logic Pro 9
- Logic Pro X
Terms of Service
Will respond within 24 hours. Mixes/masters take a week (if needed sooner, a rush fee will be added). Remixes/productions take 1-3 weeks, depending on the song. Payment through bank deposits only.
Endorse Caden Jester
Interview with Caden Jester
Tell us about a project you worked on you are especially proud of and why. What was your role?
The last track I worked on was a track by a vocalist named Christopher Blake called "Creator" (I am on the second main artist credit). It was mixed flawlessly, the vocals were processed beautifully, and the overall outcome of the track was something I was very proud of. You can take a listen to it here: https://soundcloud.com/christopherblakemusic/creator
What are you working on at the moment?
I am currently working on an EP with my friend and vocalist, Christopher Blake. You can hear some of our work on my Soundcloud.
Analog or digital and why?
I have been raised in the digital age, so digital is just something I am more comfortable with.
What's your 'promise' to your clients?
My promise to you: I will make your song sound great, and I will work until you are satisfied.
What do you like most about your job?
I love taking a good song, and making it great. I love the reaction I get from my clients when I send them my version of their songs.
What questions do you ask prospective clients?
When do you need the mix/master by? Can you pay me via bank transfer?
What advice do you have for a customer looking to hire a provider like you?
Make sure you present a good track to me. I don't want to work on sub-par tracks.
Can you share one music production tip?
Regarding mixing: When a sound/instrument is hidden in a track, people tend to boost up the volume on it to bring it to the front. Now, this is circumstantial, but utilizing subtractive EQing on other instruments in the same frequency range can make room for your sound/instrument and let it shine through the mix without making it too loud.
What type of music do you usually work on?
I normally work on electronic based music but have also done numerous instrument based tracks.
What's your strongest skill?
My strongest skills include producing, arranging (song composition), mixing, and mastering.
What do you bring to a song?
I can bring energy to your mix, life to the arrangement, and a professional sounding overall product to the table.
Tell us about your studio setup.
I have two Dynaudio MKII speakers ran through a Presonus Firestudio audio interface. I have a 27in iMac, and I run Logic Pro 9 and Logic Pro X. I have an external Chameleon Labs CPS-1 mic compressor/EQ, a Novation ReMOTE 61 SL midi controller, and a Rockatron Banshee talkbox. This isn't all of my setup, but it's most of the important bits.
What other musicians or music production professionals inspire you?
One person I look up to is Dave Pensado. His mixing is impeccable, and he offers his knowledge for free on his Youtube channel.
Describe the most common type of work you do for your clients.
I mostly do mixing and mastering work for my clients, however I have produced full songs for a number of vocalists.


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posted by Andy .
Bibi wants to send invitations to some of her friends to come to her birthday party. She has contact information for 37 friends stored on her phone, but she only wants to invite 21 of those people to her party. She tries to send out a message to the 21 people, but her phone malfunctions and sends the message to three random contacts. The probability that exactly one person who got the invitation was not supposed to be invited to the party can be expressed as ab, where a and b are positive, coprime numbers. What is the value of a+b?


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One down, five to go
Celebrate the last night of the Pythons on the big screen! - With John Cleese, Eric Idle, Terry Gilliam, Terry Jones and Michael Palin.
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The mobile phones manufactured by Japanese electronics maker Sharp for Vodafone K.K., the Japan unit of the British mobile giant, come equipped with a tiny motion-control-sensor, a computer chip that recognizes and responds to movement.
Just jerk your cell phone in the air in a variety of patterns made of up of two simple moves — combining left, right or top, down movements — to program your phone in nine different ways to scroll or jump to e-mail or other features.
It takes a bit of practice. In a demonstration for reporters on Monday, I had repeated problems getting the phone to respond to my left and then right shake although it was supposed to jump to the game menu.
It's far easier just to endure the hassle of pushing buttons.
The sensor, made by Aichi Steel, not only detects the direction toward which the cell phone is moving but also the speed and force with which it's being jerked around.
This makes for new kinds of gaming fun.
In "The House of the Dead," the mobile version of the Sega game, players can actually aim their cell phone in various directions like a gun to shoot the zombies who appear to be coming from all sides in the display.
Another is a golfing game from Taito. Users swing the handset like a golf club, making a virtual ball pop around on a virtual course.
Vodafone is not giving a price or sales target for the handset, which will be sold only in Japan for now. It said it's working on other kinds of games for the Japanese handset using movement but did not give details.
You can also make the sensor work to move your cursor by tilting the phone toward the direction you want the cursor to go. At least that was easy.
The phone also doubles as an electronic musical instrument. First select your favorite sound from a menu that includes clapping, tambourine, maracas, a whistle blow, yelps and other noises.
Start shaking. The sounds play in time to your moves. Vodafone is recommending that feature for karaoke and parties.


text:
Cleanzone 2016
08.11.2016 - 09.11.2016 — Hall: 4.0 Stand: F 11
Contact details
From its world headquarters in Louisville, Kentucky, AAF maintains operations in 22 countries with approximately 5,700 employees worldwide.
As you read these words, AAF filtration solutions are cleaning air around the globe making us more productive, protecting processes that produce technology and products that improve our lives, and providing protection from airborne threats that threaten our health – Better Air is Our Business®.
Products manufactured in AAF facilities are the industry benchmarks for quality and performance, from simple roughing filters, to air pollution control, to gas containment removal, to the highest efficiency filters used in the most stringent clean environments.
AAF is supported in its international ventures through the resources of its parent company Daikin Industries, Ltd., based in Osaka, Japan, a diversified international manufacturing company and a global leader in air conditioning.
AAF offers the most comprehensive air filtration portfolio in the industry, covering particulate and gas-phase filters for offering a customized clean air solution. Each product is carefully designed, manufactured and tested in full compliance with applicable standards to meet the most challenging demands at lowest energy consumption.
The European manufacturing takes place in ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 certified facilities. AAF's HEPA filters are produced, tested and packaged in a modern ISO 7 cleanroom environment for optimized filter performance and quality assurance.
Many pharmaceutical applications today already benefit from AAF's recognized expertise in air filtration. The combination of its extensive product portfolio with high-level technical support capabilities has provided significant improvement results for many satisfied customers.
AAF has a thorough understanding of the challenges and opportunities for medicine manufacturing processes. It makes AAF the preferred partner in optimizing process performance for protecting human health.
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When used with AAF's wide range of energy-efficient microglass or ePTFE HEPA/ULPA filters, the...
Premium protection during high temperature operation. Provides significant reduction in heating and...


text:
Family Law
Family Law Questions? Ask a Family Lawyer Online.
She is 8
So I should have an interim order prepared for the judge to sign to appoint the GAL? Also, how long does the GAL have to answer the interim order? Who schedules the final judgment hearing - the GAL or the adoption parents?


text:
A Bangladeshi village woman walks through a mustard field with her sheep in Shingair village on the outskirts of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Image Credit: AP
A boy uses a paper horn to get the attention of a tiger at the Malabon zoo, north of Manila, Philippines. The year 2010 is the year of the Golden Tiger, which ends on February 2, 2011 in the Chinese zodiac calendar. Image Credit: Reuters
Homeless people warm themselves up around a bonfire early morning, in Allahabad, India. Biting cold sweeping north India claimed seven lives over five days as travellers experienced another harrowing day of dense fog and delays. Image Credit: AP
Germany's Kathrin Hoelzl clears a gate during the first run of the women's giant slalom World Cup race in Semmering, Austria. Image Credit: Reuters
A surfer in a wet suit leaves the water with his surfboard as the sun sets on the Pacific Ocean in La Jolla, California. Image Credit: Reuters
A man clears snow in Manhattan's Harlem in New York City. A blizzard pounded the East Coast of the United States delivering 20 inches of snow to New York City while snarling post-Christmas travel. Image Credit: AFP
A labourer installs tiles onto the exterior of the unfinished gate to a residential complex in Xiangyang, Hubei province, China. Chinese housing prices are on track to dip early next year, with tighter monetary policy and rising inventories combining to take some air out of a market that some fear could yet swell into a bubble. Image Credit: Reuters
A child looks up at a snow man in a Bucharest park, Romania.Image Credit: AP
Tottenham Hotspur's Peter Crouch, left watches the ball as Gareth Bale, at rear hidden scores a goal against Newcastle United during their English Premiership soccer match at Tottenham's White Hart Lane stadium, in London, Tuesday, Dec, 28 2010. (AP Photo)
Russian President Dmitry Medvedev, right, chairs a Security Council meeting in the Gorki residence outside Moscow, Tuesday, Dec. 28, 2010. From left, Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, Security Council Secretary Nikolai Patrushev, Duma Speaker Boris Gryzlov, Prime Minister Vladimir Putin. (AP Photo)


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please watch and enjoy!
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Kap Slap & Gazzo - Rewind (Justin Caruso Remix) [Premiere - Free] MP3
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Good afternoon everyone,
As I logged on to Wutai on the morning of release (fast install and very fast update/patching), I saw within an hour of playing someone ding 13 physical. I sent him a /tell asking how he got there so fast and he replied in auto-translate "[party][guildleve] :)". Now I've tried a few of those and I did not get what I'd call impressive exp/skill rewards. Here are a few questions for you all:
1) When making a party for guildleve or grinding, how do you pick people? Do you have to go by class level (which is the only thing you see when you check someone)?
2) Is there a search function like "/sea all conjurer 5-8"?
3) Guildleve in, for example, Camp Bentbranch, as shown as rank 1, yet if I tried to solo such a leve on 1 star, I would die. How do you know if you're strong enough for a leve other than trying it? On the flip side, I made a random group where we were doing those same rank 1 level but on 5 star and it was waaaay too easy.
Thanks for your time and insight! :)


text:
Five years ago today
Five years ago today, this campaign became the most-funded narrative film in Kickstarter history (folks like Zach Braff and Spike Lee have since blown that record away many times over!). Thank you all for believing in me. Without the inspiration of this campaign I don't know that I would've been able to fight as hard as I did to get this film made for the last five years!
I had no idea it was going to take this long to get AMATEUR in the can (or that I was going to do so many more drafts of the script, or that was going to change the title from MANCHILD)... but I also had no idea that support from you all would lead to the opportunity to make this film with the support of Sundance and Netflix, and with a TERRIFIC cast and crew. I'll share more details about our cast soon but for now I wanted to wish you all a happy Kickstarter anniversary!
I'll be editing (and recovering) for the next few months. I can't wait to finish this film and share it with the world sometime next year!
Here's some of the cast and crew taking over a diner at 4AM after picture wrap:
Thank you from us all!


text:
What is JotForm?
JotForm is a free online form builder which helps you create online forms without writing a single line of code. No sign-up required.
At JotForm, we want to make sure that you're getting the online form builder help that you need. Our friendly customer support team is available 24/7.
We believe that if one user has a question, there could be more users who may have the same question. This is why many of our support forum threads are public and available to be searched and viewed. If you'd like help immediately, feel free to search for a similar question, or submit your question or concern.
JotForm Support
It is possible to embed a Google Spreadsheet in the form using the Iframe Embed widget. Here's a guide:
1. In Google Spreadsheet, please click the "Share" button at the top right.
2. Click the "Get Shareable Link" button.
3. Edit the permission you preferred.
4. Copy the "Spreadsheet URL".
5. Go to the Form Builder and insert the Iframe Embed widget.
6. Paste the Spreadsheet URL in the URL field. Please specify the height and the width and then click the "Add Widget" button.
Here's the result:
You may also publish the spreadhseet using the Publish wizard in the menu.
Hope this helps. Thank you.
Exactly what I needed.
Thank you.
JotForm Support
Glad I can help. If you need anything, let us know. Thank you.
I have everything working correctly.
Last item I need help on.
I have 4 Forms which need to be secure. What I mean is I need the user to
go through a log in process to insure I don't have unauthorized people
using the form or viewing private data. How do I accomplish this.
The sample form I made. Anyone knowing the link can open it.
I will 3,500 authorized club members accessing these 4 forms. Hope to add
additional forms later on for the club membership.
Thank you for your time,
Steve C.
JotForm Support
I have moved your issue to another thread to assist you better. Here's the link:
We will attend to your problem shortly. Thank you.
Great information.
Thank you.


text:
As the Samsung Galaxy Alpha edges ever closer to an official launch, we've just had our clearest look yet at what is claimed to be Samsung's first smartphone with a premium metal design.
Thought to be made to compete directly with the iPhone 6 when it arrives next month, the Galaxy Alpha is a slimmed down Galaxy S5 with a sharp new suit, featuring metal and even polished chamfered edges - just like those on the iPhone 5s.
The Alpha is expected to have a 4.8-inch display with a 720p HD resolution - almost the same size as the upcoming 4.7-inch iPhone 6 - along with a heart rate monitor, fingerprint scanner, 13-megapixel camera and 32GB of storage.
Running Android 4.4 KitKat, the Galaxy Alpha was tipped by some sources - including SamMobile - to arrive today, 4 August, but now we hear this may have slipped to the 13th. We hope to see more of the handset at the IFA technology trade show in Berlin at the start of September.
Read More: iPhone 6 and the best concept renders we've seen so far
Source: Weibo
Via: SamMobile


text:
Note: This topic is for discussing highchairs. If you want to buy or sell highchairs, please use our For Sale/Wanted boards.
Can you paint a Tripp trapp chair?(3 Posts)
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Holiday in Udine
Udine is a compact and tranquil city where life follows the slow pace of the artificial canals that run through it. The historic centre made up of ancient palaces, churches and buildings from various eras is surrounded by more modern residential areas. Piazza della Libertà is the heart of Udine, where some of the most beautiful buildings in this city of Friuli stand and where the Loggia del Lionello towers over the city. A highly fascinating building in Venetian Gothic style, it was erected around the early 1400s and was named after the goldsmith who designed it. On the other side of the piazza you can see the elegant Arcade of San Giovanni under the shadow of the Clock Tower with two Moors that strike the hours, while the imposing 16th-century castle towers in the background. The Clock Tower, which is part of the Loggia di San Giovanni, is quite similar to the one on Piazza San Marco in Venice.
For those who love painting, Udine is a real goldmine. Scattered throughout the churches and palaces of the city, the works by Tiepolo number as the stars. From the Salone del Trionfo dei Cristiani to the castle interior, from Palazzo Arcivescovile to the Chapel of the Santissimo Sacramento, and more still, to the city cathedral: you can pick whatever you'd like. But Udine isn't just Tiepolo. The Gallery of Modern Art seated in the city theatre building hosts a truly rich collection of 20th-century works, including some paintings by Braque and Picasso.
The city of Udine is dominated by its castle which has undergone restoration time and time again after suffering various damage. You can get to Piazza Libertà through the Bollani Arch with a winged lion at the top, built based on the design by the Veneto architect Andrea Palladio. Conceived for defence, in the centuries of its greatest splendour the castle took on various functions, from a prison to a barracks, not to mention its role as the seat of the town hall. Today it stands proud as one of Europe's oldest castles. What's more, it includes the salon of the Parlamento della Patria del Friuli which dates back to the 13th century. Another good reason to visit Udine is definitely its flavours. This city is full of taverns. Pick the one you like best on Piazza Matteotti, the city's meeting place, among the rows of open-air tables that offer typical dishes of traditional Friuli food paired with the ever-present glass of Tajut. On the first Sunday of the month you just can't miss the traditional antique market.
But Udine isn't the only gem of the plains of Friuli. Indeed, some of the most important medieval and Renaissance centres of the entire region are a few kilometres from the city of Tiepolo. Small farm villages and fortified cities tell the story of the territory of Friuli during the Lombard era and over the course of the Venetian domination. These are places of great artistic, architectural and urban interest, some of the most interesting of which are Palmanova and Cividale del Friuli. Don't lose another minute. Check out our holiday packages to Udine now and get ready for a new unforgettable adventure!


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My name is Teena for short and easier to say . I got divorce in 2011, and things has been hard Sometimes I wish I got divorce at a younger age , its sort of hard to start all over again. I am not working , And sometimes its depressing trying to budget 1,0
Through my hardship, my "Lord", has been my strength.....
Oh Teena, it sure can be hard to start all over! I went through a divorce too and that was one of the hardest things I have gone through in life. Between anger, stress and just trying to maintain a household it can give you grey hairs. HUGS momma, you are going to be okay.
It's nice to meet you Teena! Welcome to Moms.com! What's great about this place is that there are often people who can empathize with you. If you search terms like "divorce," you'll find some great expertise from our community. I wish you the best, and please talk to us more! We'd be happy to help if we can.
Hi Teena, I'm sorry you are going through a hard time. When we hit financial ruts sometimes it takes time to recover. You can do this and you will get through it, even if the road seems long right now. My husband has been unemployed for nearly ten months and we've had our share of worrying and fretting but we are slowly getting there. Hopefully he'll find a decent job soon but for now we are enjoying having him home. I find it hard sometimes being the sole bread winner, so I can relate in that way.
About Christeena Ledoux
Birth: December 31
On Moms.com since: Jun 2, 2014
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The 61st annual South Dakota Picnic will be held indoors on Sunday, Feb. 24, at the Woodbrook Estates Mobile Home Park Recreation Center, 1510 Ariana Street, Lakeland, Fla.
Attendees are asked to bring a large covered casserole or hot dish, salad, or dessert to share, also plates and silverware for your own family. Coffee, iced tea, and sodas will be furnished.
Lunch will be at 1 p.m., but feel free to come anytime after 11:30 a.m. to visit with fellow South Dakotans.
Call or email June Clark, President, (863-646-1131), firstname.lastname@example.com, or Sue Kelly, Secretary, (941-792-8235), email@example.com, with questions.
If you can attend, RSVP to June or Sue.


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Eye Problems and Symptoms
Have you got an eye problem or symptom that's affecting your vision, or causing you pain or discomfort? You'll find information about many eye problems in this section, including the causes of eye problems, the symptoms to look out for, and any treatments that may be appropriate.
Remember, we're here to help, so if you have an eye problem or symptom that you're worried about, please contact us to talk to one of our eye experts. They'll be able to give you an accurate diagnosis, and discuss all of your treatment options with you.


text: There. I've got your attention. Now, just stop badmouthing Sophie. What she did was wrong, but a lot of people are saying horrible things about her. I feel sorry for everyone who was lied to (not counting me, because I didn't know in the first place) and I feel sorry for Sophie. I've decided to be the middleman, and just tell all of you to lay off of her. Sophie, if you're reading this, I'm not mad. BobShuap, if you're reading this, I'll give you the tomatoes later. I'm busy. Good day to you all, Danville out.


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Admire the most beautiful places of Serra San Quirico and add them to your basket. YAMGU will create your trip considering distances, opening hours and weather.
Held in the cloister of the former Baroque convent of s. Lucia, documents the historical knowledge of the region through the study, the retrieval and cataloguing of maps, thematic maps, atlases, prints, photographs and engravings. The collection was enriched over the years through donations and new signings, passing from 50 to 300 initial historical papers.
the Museum, housed in the annexes to the shrine of the Immaculate Heart of Mary and inaugurated in 1979, collects mainly palaeontological material dell'appennino marchigiano dating back to various geological eras. The large original core is the result of patients and targeted research by don Giuseppe Mahdavi, whose exposure is dedicated, but the collections have expanded over time thanks to numerous donations of fossils, minerals and archaeological material found in the Middle Valley of the river Esino.


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An Indian Intelligence agent (portrayed by John Abraham)[9] journeys into a war torn coastal island, to break a resolute rebel group. He deftly maneuvers his resources to make significant breakthroughs, amidst a scenario where the enemy has no face and the only counsel is 'Don't get caught.' At various junctions, he meets a charismatic and passionate journalist (portrayed by Nargis Fakhri) who is following her will to reflect the truth behind the civil war. The story unfolds as their quest for the truth reveals a deeper conspiracy, by a faceless enemy, united to seize a common nemesis – India. Written by Anonymous
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text:
Seating Arrangement
On the basis of the information provided below, answer these questions :
Six people A, B, C, D, E and F are sitting on the ground in a hexagonal shape. All the sides of the hexagon so formed are of same length. A is not adjacent to B or C; D is not adjacent to C or E; B and C are adjacent; F is in the middle of D and C.
If one neighbor of A is D, who is the other one?
A B B C C E D F E None of these


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Below is our collection of tidbits, odds 'n ends for Brownsboro.
This page contains two sections:
We spend a lot of time looking through Gazetteers, Almanacs & Directories that were published in the late 1800's and early 1900's. Many of the Gazetteers include the distance from a community such as Brownsboro to various places of note, such as the White House.
With a nod to our favorite Gazetteers, the straight-line distance<1> beginning in Brownsboro to:
We have found 5 communities that share the name Brownsboro.
While the name Brownsboro is unique within Alabama, we know of another 5 communities with the same name in the United States.
Communities Outside of Alabama
Oldham County
Our profile page for Brownsboro, Oldham County [Map]Distance: About 254 miles [408.8 km] to the North
Jackson County
Our profile page for Brownsboro, Jackson County [Map]Distance: About 2,011 miles [3,236.4 km] to the West Northwest
Washington County
Our profile page for Brownsboro, Washington County [Map]This community is historic.<7>Distance: About 237 miles [381.4 km] to the East Northeast
Caldwell County
Our profile page for Brownsboro, Caldwell County [Map]Distance: About 735 miles [1,182.9 km] to the West Southwest
Henderson County
Our profile page for Brownsboro, Henderson County [Map]Distance: About 554 miles [891.6 km] to the West Southwest
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Cities, Towns and Villages of Alabama
About Madison County
About Alabama
Unfortunately, we don't know of a website for Brownsboro. If you can help, please contact us through our Feedback Page.
The official website for Madison County: www.co.madison.al.us/
The official website for State of Alabama: www.alabama.gov/
- Return to Citation
For additional information, please visit our Glossary for Brownsboro.
Please keep in mind that we can not guarantee the accuracy or timeliness of the information
on this website, so use with care. We encourage you to double-check the information that is critical to you.
If you've found an error or have additional information that you would like to share,
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|Styles of
Antonio Innocenti
|Reference style
|His Eminence
|Spoken style
|Your Eminence
|Informal style
|Aeclanum (titular see)
Antonio Innocenti (23 August 1915 – 6 September 2008) was a cardinal who was a mainstay of the Roman Curia and the Vatican diplomatic service for many years. He was born in Poppi, Italy.
Ordained in 1938 in Florence, Innocenti worked as a pastor in northern Italy for the following decade. His work helping Jews led to him narrowly escaping death from a firing squad; he was released at the last minute. He was then called by Pope Pius XII to Rome and settled down to a career in the Curia. He served for most of the 1950s and 1960s in the papal nunciature in Switzerland, where, as he saw it, the major problems were "an opulent society, religious assistance to immigrants and relations with Christian of other denominations".
On December 15, 1967, Innocenti was elevated by Pope Paul VI to the role of titular archbishop of Eclano and at exactly the same time appointed nuncio to Paraguay. He served as nuncio to Paraguay whilst holding a number of titular sees until 1973, when he was elevated further to the role of secretary of the Congregation for the Discipline of the Sacraments (now the Congregation for Divine Worship) until 1980, when Innocenti became nuncio to Spain.
In 1985, Pope John Paul II rewarded the experienced prelate with elevation to cardinal and one year later Innocenti became prefect of the Congregation for the Clergy, a post he was to hold until he passed the mandatory retirement age of seventy-five in 1991. During Innocenti's time as prefect, the Curia was extremely busy dealing with what was perceived as dangerous dissent from papal teaching, and Innocenti was heavily involved with many lay movements designed to restore orthodoxy among the Church's members.
After stepping down from his post as Prefect in 1991, Innocenti gradually faded into retirement. When he turned eighty in 1995, he lost his right to vote in a papal conclave, and by 1999 he had completely retired to Piazza della Citta Leonina.
External links
|Catholic Church titles
|Preceded by
Luigi Dadaglio
|Apostolic Nuncio to Spain
4 October 1980 – 9 January 1986
| Succeeded by
Mario Tagliaferri
|Preceded by
Silvio Oddi
|Prefect for the Congregation for the Clergy
1986 – 1991
| Succeeded by
José Tomás Sánchez
|Preceded by
Paul Mayer
|President of the Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei
1991 – 1995
| Succeeded by
Angelo Felici
no:Antonio Innocentipt:Antonio Innocenti ru:Инноченти, Антонио fi:Antonio Innocenti


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Thank you for visiting the official web page for the City of Sumas.
Sumas is located on the Canadian border in Western Washington. We have a 24 hour border crossing and we are close to many of the fun things to do in B.C. and Whatcom County.
Sumas is only:
45 minutes to Mt. Baker
45 minutes to Birch Bay
55 minutes to Vancouver
20 minutes to Silver Lake
2 minutes to Abbotsford, B.C.
35 minutes to Bellingham, Wa.
We also have a number of family oriented events through out the year in Sumas. Please click on the Sumas Chamber of Commerce link to learn more about those events and our Sumas business community.
Community Days
Sumas Days is a community event that begins with a parade at 11 AM, games, events and a car show in the city park during the day, and a fireworks show in the evening.
Business Pulse magazine feature
A Great Place to Live & Do Business!


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September 15, 2004
Johan Santana:
How about every fifth day, I just hand over this spot to him. Cyntana won his 10th straight start and 11th straight decision. (18-6 in '04.)
The Lead Item
Two Words For You:
If a lockout happens in the sports world and no one is paying attention, does it make a sound?
Declining relevancy:
People keep saying this lockout will kill the sport; I'm sorry: Did I miss something? It's been wheezing for
Little sympathy
for either side: How can players decry a salary cap when one works just fine for their NFL counterparts? How can owners deny that major sports have contracted into a "Big Three?"
This lockout is about
the bottom line, so here's another one: What happens when
both sides
realize that no one notices they're gone?
The Chair Incident
Freak-Out Frank Francisco charged
with battery for The Chair; MLB seems to be easing into investigation. Is it really so hard to slap him with a suspension now, then mull it over when the union inevitably gripes?
Fascinating how this is being spun into a referendum on fan behavior. Fans whose taunts go over the line should be booted from the stadium, but athletes with "rabbit ears" should get
little sympathy.
Bonds: 700 'Stateau'
If the Brewers
ever pitch to him (two walks Tuesday), he will it reach 700 this series. Haven't seen this much anticipation for a career "stateau" since Ripken's streak. In the meantime, Barry wins with defense, too: Giants win 3-2 and Bonds throws out a runner at home.
Scoreboard Watching
In the AL:
Boston fell 4 GB after D-Rays rookie Scott Kazmir outpitched Pedro and the Yankees beat KC (with no help
Packers: Off big MNF W, CB Mike McKenzie to end holdout
Keary Colbert: Rookie will fill in for CAR WR Steve Smith
Greg Oden: Heir to LeBron gets ESPN2 TV showcase
Packers NT Grady Jackson: Out indeterminate length (knee)
Astros P Wade Miller: Out since June, now for rest of '04
Marshall's Bob Pruett: Apologizes for slur; no reprimand?
from Jason "Oh-fer" Giambi.
(Days until NY-BOS mega-clash: 2)
SFG-CHC-HOU-FLA all win: (Sorry, Padres.) Most notably, Clemens beat the Cards, running his season record vs. StL to 3-0 (1.64 ERA). Has any other P owned them in '04 like that?
Wild Card Coin Flip
Nothing rewards
performance on the field like ... a coin flip. From NFL OT to today's MLB wild-card tiebreaker home-field decision-making system, GMs put a season's worth of effort on the line by calling "heads" or "tails." Can't we at least get "rock-paper-scissors," to make it interesting?
Kidd to Portland?
For Shareef?
Laughably lopsided? Not if you look at each team's goals: The Blazers need a topflight PG; the Nets (a.k.a. "Clippers East") simply want to shed payroll. That makes a prospective deal win-win.
'E' License Plate
Nothing says "NASCAR"
like New York. Does that sound ludicrous to you, too? Yet New York will become the first state to offer a special commemorative Earnhardt "E" license plate. Where's North Carolina on this? Now "Red Sox Suck": There's a New York license-plate concept!
'Dukes' Update
Latest rumor:
Jessica Simpson as "Daisy" in "Hazzard" remake. The physique is right, but Simpson's, umm, "range" is one of levels of ditziness, where Daisy was way more crafty.
Art Howe:
Wanted to hear from management directly; Tuesday, he got that meeting. Rumors have it that he may be out as early as today. Tracking ...
Today on ESPN.com
Page 2: Simmons on 'Entourage'
Chat wrap with Dan Shanoff
NFL Power Rankings
Ranking Sports Most Missed If Locked Out
How would we play FANTASY?
College football
Ha: Can you imagine that?
Would be a long summer
50-game season not bad idea
Anything but NHL
As they'll soon find out
On ESPN today: AL East scoreboard-watching: NY/KC (2 ET, ESPN); TB/BOS (7 ET, ESPN2). And WC mania: HOU/StL (8 ET, ESPN); SD/LA (10 ET, ESPN2) ...
Ryder ramp-up: And the media just wants to ask Tiger about troubles with Elin. "100 percent false," Woods said. Next topic? ...
NCAA grilled Tuesday on Capitol Hill by showy legislators who make a good point: Infractions management needs more transparency ...
Colorado prosecutors (read: taxpayers) spent $400K prepping for the Kobe case. Interesting, because I'd have taken the "over" ...
The Cubs are suing the paper carrier who mistakenly got a $301K check due a player of the same name. Both sides acting dumb ...
After going 2-0 at Chicago's U.S. Cellular Field, maybe the Marlins should consider playing all their September home games there ...
Be sure to check out The Morning Quickie on SportsNation, every weekday from 9-10 a.m. ET (See Q It Up for the link) ...


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Trial protocol OPPTIMUM– Does progesterone prophylaxis for the prevention of preterm labour improve outcome?
- First Online:
- Received:
- Accepted:
- Citations
- 7k Downloads
Preterm birth is a global problem, with a prevalence of 8 to 12% depending on location. Several large trials and systematic reviews have shown progestogens to be effective in preventing or delaying preterm birth in selected high risk women with a singleton pregnancy (including those with a short cervix or previous preterm birth). Although an improvement in short term neonatal outcomes has been shown in some trials these have not consistently been confirmed in meta-analyses. Additionally data on longer term outcomes is limited to a single trial where no difference in outcomes was demonstrated at four years of age of the child, despite those in the "progesterone" group having a lower incidence of preterm birth.
The OPPTIMUM study is a double blind randomized placebo controlled trial to determine whether progesterone prophylaxis to prevent preterm birth has long term neonatal or infant benefit. Specifically it will study whether, in women with singleton pregnancy and at high risk of preterm labour, prophylactic vaginal natural progesterone, 200 mg daily from 22 – 34 weeks gestation, compared to placebo, improves obstetric outcome by lengthening pregnancy thus reducing the incidence of preterm delivery (before 34 weeks), improves neonatal outcome by reducing a composite of death and major morbidity, and leads to improved childhood cognitive and neurosensory outcomes at two years of age. Recruitment began in 2009 and is scheduled to close in Spring 2013. As of May 2012, over 800 women had been randomized in 60 sites.
OPPTIMUM will provide further evidence on the effectiveness of vaginal progesterone for prevention of preterm birth and improvement of neonatal outcomes in selected groups of women with singleton pregnancy at high risk of preterm birth. Additionally it will determine whether any reduction in the incidence of preterm birth is accompanied by improved childhood outcome.
Trial registration
Background, including rationale and any previous systematic review(s)
Preterm birth is a global problem, with a prevalence of 8 to 12% depending on location [1]. Around 75% of preterm birth follows spontaneous preterm labour, sometimes preceded by preterm premature membrane rupture [2]. Babies born preterm are at increased risk of a variety of adverse short term (neonatal) and long term complications, including neurodevelopmental disability. Women with a previous preterm birth (especially those women who delivered before 34 weeks following spontaneous preterm labour), women with a short cervix in early pregnancy [3], and women with a previous cone biopsy or laser loop excision to the cervix [4] are at all at increased risk of spontaneous preterm birth.
Several large trials and meta-analyses have shown progesterone to be effective in preventing or delaying preterm birth in selected high risk women (short cervix or previous preterm birth) with singleton pregnancy [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11]. There is data that both intramuscular 17 hydroxyprogesterone caproate and vaginal progesterone are effective in preventing preterm birth. OPPTIMUM likewise is investigating the efficacy of progesterone in women at elevated risk of preterm birth, but will crucially address longer term childhood developmental outcomes.
Although an improvement in short term neonatal outcomes has been shown in some trials [6, 7, 8] these have not consistently been confirmed in meta-analyses [9, 10]. Data on longer term outcomes in singletons is limited to follow up of babies of women in the Meis trial, where 80% of babies were assessed by questionnaire at a mean age of four years. No differences in childhood outcomes were demonstrated, despite the progesterone group having a lower incidence of preterm birth [12].
The mechanisms of action of progesterone are somewhat uncertain although a direct inhibitory effect on the processes of parturition seem likely [13]. Additionally progesterone could exert anti-inflammatory properties [13] and/or direct CNS protective effects [14], which could help to reduce the risk or severity of long term neonatal problems.
If the prevention of preterm birth is accompanied by a reduction in the complications of prematurity, then in utero progesterone should be predicted to have long term beneficial effects. Harmful long term effects are however also possible. Although direct teratogenic effects of progesterone are unlikely, there could be adverse effects of keeping the fetus in utero in a compromised intrauterine environment where infection or inflammation is present. Caution is therefore warranted before progesterone use becomes widespread, particularly since drugs (including antibiotics and estrogens) thought to be beneficial in women at risk of preterm birth have now been demonstrated to have long term adverse effects [15, 16, 17].
The OPPTIMUM study is designed to determine whether progesterone prophylaxis to prevent preterm birth has long term neonatal or childhood benefit. Specifically it will study whether, in women at elevated risk of preterm labour, prophylactic vaginal natural progesterone, 200 mg (compared to placebo), daily from 22 – 24 weeks up to 34 weeks gestation, improves obstetric outcome by lengthening pregnancy thus reducing the incidence of preterm delivery (before 34 weeks), improves neonatal outcome by reducing a composite of death and major morbidity and leads to improved childhood cognitive and neurosensory outcomes at two years of age.
The OPPTIMUM study began recruiting in January 2009. Since then, one large, and several other smaller studies have reported the effect of progesterone, either as vaginal progesterone or as intramuscular 17 hydroxyprogesteronecaproate. None fully addresses the crucial question regarding long term outcome (childhood development at 2 years). Additionally, we note that the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has indicated that long term childhood outcome data are required to determine the clinical benefits and risks of 17 hydroxyprogesteronecaproate for the prevention of preterm birth in women with a previous preterm birth..a An FDA panel also recently ruled that data supplied on vaginal progesterone gel "do not [yet] support the efficacy of progesterone gel compared with placebo in reducing the risk of preterm births before 33 completed weeks of gestation among women with a short cervical length".b We believe that OPPTIMUM will address these important evidence gaps about the efficacy of vaginal progesterone and any childhood effects of progestogens in general.
The aim of the OPPTIMUM study is to determine whether, in women at high risk of preterm labour, prophylactic vaginal natural progesterone, 200 mg daily from 22 – 34 weeks gestation, compared to placebo:
Improves obstetric outcome by reducing the incidence of preterm delivery (before 34 weeks gestation).
Improves neonatal outcome by reducing a composite of death and major morbidity.
Leads to improved childhood cognitive and neurosensory outcomes at two years.
More than 60 hospitals, principally in the UK.
Double blind randomized placebo controlled trial. The study is in two phases, a screening phase and a treatment phase.
Inclusion and exclusion criteria
Screening phase inclusion criteria
- i.
History of previous PTB/second trimester loss (≥16 weeks or ≤37 weeks gestation)
- ii.
Previous preterm premature rupture of the fetal membranes (≤ 37 weeks gestation)
- iii.
Short cervical length (≤ 25 mm) on ultrasound at 18–0 -24 + 0 weeks gestation
- iv.
Any cervical procedure to treat abnormal smears i.e. large loop excision, laser conisation, cold knife conisation or radical diathermy
- v.
Gestation established by scan at ≤ 16 weeks to ensure that the estimated date of delivery is accurate or the consultant must be confident that the gestation dates are accurate.
- vi.
Signed Consent form
- vii.
16 years of age or older.
Treatment phase inclusion criteria
All women fulfilling the inclusion criteria for the screening phase and who also have a positive screening (fFN) test at 22 + 0 weeks, will be eligible for the main (treatment) phase of the study – these women are subsequently referred to as the "fFN positive" group.
Additionally, in September 2010, those who have a previous spontaneous labour resulting in a preterm birth ≤ 34 weeks gestation (delivery by any mode) or a short cervix in index pregnancy, defined as cervical length ≤ 25 mm at 18–0 -24 + 0 weeks gestation also became eligible for randomisation even with a negative fFN test. These women are subsequently referred to as the "fFN negative" group
Exclusion criteria
Known significant congenital structural or chromosomal fetal anomaly
Known sensitivity or listed contraindication to progesterone (known allergy or hypersensitivity to progesterone, severe hepatic dysfunction, undiagnosed vaginal bleeding, mammary or genital tract carcinoma, thrombophlebitis, thromboembolic disorders, cerebral haemorrhage, porphyria) or intolerance to progesterone or excipient (including peanut allergy prior to February 2011 given that peanut oil was the excipient in doses issued to participants until November 2010)
Suspected or proven rupture of the fetal membranes at the time of recruitment
Multiple pregnancy
Prescription or ingestion of medications known to interact with progesterone (e.g. Bromocriptine, Rifamycin, Ketoconazole or Ciclosporin)
Women currently prescribed progesterone or who have taken progesterone beyond 18 weeks gestation.
Intervention(s) Progesterone (Utrogestan) 200 mg soft capsules or placebo will to be inserted once daily vaginally at bedtime from 22+0 - 24+0 up to 34+0 weeks gestation.
Randomisation will be carried out online via the web portal or via telephone to the central randomisation facility based at the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, at the Glasgow Clinical Trials Unit, University of Glasgow.
Concealment of allocation
Concealment of allocation will be achieved by randomising participants to active or placebo capsules. Placebo capsules will appear identical to active treatment. The outcomes will be measured blind to the allocation.
Primary and any secondary endpoint(s)
Primary endpoints:
Obstetric: delivery <34 completed weeks of gestation (Yes/No), (<34 + 0 weeks: outcome of the treatment phase)
Neonatal: a composite of death or two markers of neonatal morbidity – bronchopulmonary dysplasia in children born at <32 weeks of gestation and brain injury on cerebral ultrasound.
Childhood: The Bayley III cognitive scale standardised score at two years of chronological age (with an aim to test between 22 months to 26 months - as this is age-standardised all assessments will be valid)
Secondary endpoints:
Gestation at delivery
Fetal or neonatal/infant death after trial entry up to 2 years of age [18].
Incidence of the individual components of the primary neonatal outcome
Incidence of other major neonatal complications:
Level of care days, which includes: days of respiratory support, (Either mechanical ventilation or CPAP) and days of oxygen therapy.
Surfactant administration
Necrotising enterocolitis, (medical or surgical treatment of confirmed cases)
Number of discrete episodes of bloodstream or CNS infection (positive blood [19] or CSF culture)
Daily level of care [20].
Composite outcome of death or moderate/severe neurodevelopmental impairment at two years of age, defined as per national recommendations [21].
Individual components of the disability definition and non-neurological disability as defined [21].
Strengths and difficulties questionnaire (http://www.sdqinfo.com/)
Score on the PARCA-r (parent assessment of child abilities revised).
Women's perceptions of their treatment.
Maternal and child adverse events (e.g. operative delivery).
Side-effects reporting and quantification (e.g, WHO scale)
Participants are instructed to contact their Investigator at any time after consenting to join the trial if any symptoms or side effects develop. In the case of any events the Investigator should initiate the appropriate treatment according to their medical judgment. All adverse events (AEs) and Serious Adverse Events (SAE) that occur after being randomized to treatment must be recorded in detail in the patient notes. SAEs occurring in mother or baby from the time a participant is randomised until 30 days after stopping taking study treatment/placebo or until 28 days after delivery (whichever is the later) should be reported to the co-sponsors using the trial documentation. The standard definition of a serious adverse event will be used [22]. This is any event that: results in death; is life threatening (i.e. the subject was at risk of death at the time of the event; it does not refer to an event which hypothetically might have caused death if it were more severe); requires hospitalisation or prolongation of existing hospitalisation; results in persistent or significant disability or incapacity; is a congenital anomaly or birth defect. Hospitalisations for treatment planned prior to randomisation and hospitalisation for elective treatment of a pre-existing condition will not be considered as an SAE, nor, for the purposes of this study, will the following events: miscarriage, preterm labour / suspected preterm labour, premature rupture of membranes (PROM) / suspected PROM, preterm delivery, preterm delivery in maternal interest, preterm delivery in fetal interest, hospitalisation for pregnancy induced hypertension, hospitalisation for "maternal discomfort", hospitalisation for "rest", hospitalisation for "observation" or "monitoring" for which the women are admitted for a period of less than 12 hours; normal" childhood illnesses (including infectious diseases and minor injuries) and complications arising from prematurity.
Statistical analysis plan, including sample size and power calculations
At the commencement of the study in 2008, we planned to recruit 750 women in the "fFN positive" group. We estimated that such a sample size would provide 80 – 95% power at the 5% level of significance for the primary obstetric outcome, 80% power for the neonatal outcome and 93% power for the childhood outcome (although further dilution of the latter was anticipated after incorporation of the deaths in a two stage statistical model – see below).
In 2010, the study was expanded to allow randomisation of women in the "fFN negative" group after analysis of preliminary (blinded) data in July 2010, together with the result of an HTA funded systematic review on screening for preterm birth [23] showed that our initial selection strategy erroneously missed women at medium to high risk of preterm birth. This change was endorsed by the Trial Steering committee, the MHRA, the ethics committee, and by the funder. The inclusion of women at a lower risk of the primary outcomes necessitated an increase in the sample size. The minimum new sample size is anticipated to be in the order of 1125 (375 fFN positive and 750 fFN negative women), but the proportions of each will dictate the exact sample size, as it is anticipated that at least 2 fFN negative women are required to achieve the event rate predicted in 1 fFN positive woman. Workings for the sample size calculation for the fFN positive group alone, and for the revised combined group of fFN positive and fFN negative women are shown in the Appendix.
Type of analysis (e.g. intention to treat) and statistical tests
All primary efficacy analyses are carried out on the intention to treat population (ITT). Safety analyses are carried out on the safety population (those who initiated on what study medication they received). Primary analyses are repeated in an exploratory manner on the per protocol population (including [i] compliance within an acceptable range and [ii] fulfilment of inclusion and exclusion criteria).
Obstetric outcome
The primary obstetric outcome is delivery or fetal death before 34 completed weeks of gestation based on ultrasound (based on the projected date of delivery estimated from scan in the first trimester). The following null hypothesis will be tested: 'There is no difference in the incidence of delivery or fetal death before 34 completed weeks of gestation between the group treated with 200 mg / day progesterone and the group treated with placebo from week 22–24 to week 34 of gestation or earlier delivery'.
The outcome is compared between the treatment groups using a logistic regression model including treatment and previous pregnancy of at least 14 weeks. The hypothesis will be tested with a likelihood ratio test.
Neonatal outcome
The primary neonatal outcome is a binary outcome indicating whether one of the following has occurred:
Brain injury (defined as any intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) (excludes subependymal haemorrhages), parenchymal cystic or haemorrhagic lesion or persistent ventriculomegaly (VI >97th percentile)
Severe chronic lung disease (defined as need for ≥30% oxygen and/or positive pressure (positive pressure ventilation or nasal continuous positive airway pressure) at 36 weeks post menstrual age or discharge, which ever comes first).
The following null hypothesis will be tested: 'There is no difference in the combined incidence of neonatal death, brain injury or severe chronic lung disease between the group treated with 200 mg / day progesterone and the group treated with placebo from week 22–24 to week 34 or earlier delivery' This outcome is also compared between the treatment groups using a logistic regression model including treatment and previous pregnancy of at least 14 weeks. The hypothesis will be tested with a likelihood ratio test.
Childhood outcome
The primary childhood outcome is the Bayley III score, a continuous measure. This outcome will, by definition, not be available on babies who have died. Thus deaths need to be incorporated into the analysis, since the number of deaths may be sufficiently large as not to be negligible, and/or there may be a difference in the number of deaths between the two randomised groups. We will therefore use a two-stage statistical model that jointly models the treatment effect in both deaths and survivors [24], with deaths modelled using a binomial test and survivors modelled using a generalised linear model. The two parts are then combined to form the appropriate test statistic. Secondary analyses that adjust the estimated treatment effect for covariates felt to be of importance will be used as appropriate. Note that we will not be adjusting for gestational age in our analysis of childhood outcomes. The hypothesised mechanism of action of progesterone is to increase gestational age by reducing the proportion of women giving birth prematurely. To adjust for a post randomisation covariate (gestational age) which is a direct measure of the treatment effect, in a model that is estimating the consequence of that treatment effect (in terms of developmental outcome) is not statistically sound.
A fully detailed Statistical Analysis Plan will be prepared prior to unblinding.
Planned subgroup analyses
In order to determine whether a reduced or improved response to progesterone can be predicted, subgroups of the ITT population will be formed according to the following factors:
reason for risk of preterm delivery (spontaneous preterm birth yes / no and any preterm birth yes / no)
previous pregnancy of at least 14 weeks (yes / no)
cervical length at 18–24 weeks gestation (≤25 mm / >25 mm and ≤15 mm / >15 mm)
chorioamnionitis diagnosed on pathology (yes / no)
Ethical issues, including: Ethics committee approval
The study has been approved by the Scotland (A) Research Ethics Committee, reference number 08/MRE00/6.
Interim analyses and stopping rules
Interim unblinded analyses will be performed on safety, efficacy and possibly futility criteria for the purposes of review by the independent Data Monitoring Committee (iDMC) only. Masking will be maintained and analysis of obstetric and neonatal outcomes will be deferred until conclusion of the two-year childhood assessments. Thus no interim analyses will be revealed to investigators, participants, or anyone other than the DMC members (and statistical advisors) until completion of the two-year childhood assessments.
Committee oversights
There is an independent Trial Steering Committee and independent Data Monitoring Committee.
The sponsor has clinical trial insurance which covers this study. This insurance includes indemnification for the TSC and DMC. There is no "no fault" indemnity.
Publication plan
The results of the trial will be published in peer reviewed journals. The results of the obstetric and neonatal outcomes will not be published until data collection for the childhood follow up part of the study is complete.
The study is funded by the MRC/EME -funder reference G0700452, grant No: 84982
Start date
Recruitment began in January 2009, as of May 2012, over 800 women had been randomized
End of data collection
Estimated October 2015
Reporting date
Estimated mid 2016
Trial registration
Despite the many publications on the use of progesterone for the prevention of preterm birth, we believe that that further data, particularly on the long term effect for the baby, is needed before the use of progesterone can be routinely recommended in pregnant women at high risk of preterm birth. Many authorities, including the FDAa and the Royal College of Obstetricians in the UKc agree. The Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada (SOGC) [25] suggests that women at risk of should be encouraged to enroll in trials of progesterone, although the SOGC also gives advice about the dose and formulation of progestogens for women who have opted to take them. Other authorities endorse the use of progesterone based on current literature. For example the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, in guidelines published in 2008 and reaffirmed in 2011 [26] is more positive about the use of progesterone, saying that "progesterone supplementation for the prevention of recurrent preterm birth should be offered to women with a singleton pregnancy and a prior spontaneous preterm [before 37 weeks] birth" and that "progesterone supplementation for asymptomatic women with a very short cervical length (less than 15 mm) may be considered". In 2012, the Society of Maternal and Fetal Medicine Publications committee suggests that women with singleton pregnancies with prior preterm birth be given 17 alpha hydroxyprogesterone, and that those with a short cervix ≤ 20 mm be given vaginal progesterone (although they indicate that routine screening is "an object of debate") [13].
The OPPTIMUM study will provide further evidence on the effectiveness of vaginal progesterone for the prevention of preterm delivery in selected high risk women. Crucially, it will also determine whether prevention of preterm birth by progesterone prophylaxis is associated with long term benefit for the baby.
Sample size calculations
Original sample size calculation based on data in the literature on the "fFN +" group
A sample size of 750 (375 per group) gives adequate statistical power to detect clinically important and plausible differences in the three primary measures of outcome. All these power calculations allow for loss to follow up rates and compliance. Delivery <34 weeks on placebo is expected to be 40% (data from an untreated high risk UK population with a positive fFN test at 22 weeks [27] and 27% on progesterone consistent with the odds ratio of 0.45 for the overall PTB with any progestational agent in the most recent systematic review [28]. With 750 randomised, the study will have 95% power at a 5% level of significance to detect such a reduction from 40% to 27% using a two-sided binomial test. For a more modest reduction from 40% to 30% (odds ratio 0.64) the study would still have 80% power. For the neonatal outcome, the Meis study found 7.2% died, 14.6% had CLD and 5.2% had IVH on placebo, compared to 4.6% death, 8.6% CLD and 1.3% IVH on progesterone [4]. Our neonatal primary outcome is a composite of these and also includes non-haemorrhagic brain injuries. With n = 750 randomised, the OPPTIMUM study would have 80% power at a 5% level of significance to detect a difference in this composite outcome of death, brain damage, or chronic lung disease from 20 to 12%, using a binomial test.
The childhood developmental outcome at 2 years will be assessed using the Bayley III Cognitive Scale which correlates well with later IQ. With 750 randomised, the study will have 93% power at a 5% level of significance to detect a difference in means equivalent to 0.25 of a standard deviations, using a two sample two sided t-test. Based on previous work [29], we estimate the standard deviation will be about 15 points, enabling us to detect a difference of 4 points in the Bayley Score. In clinical terms, a difference of 4 points is small, thus the power of the study to detect larger, more clinically significant differences, is high. We have powered this outcome at over 90% to make some allowance for a possible dilution of the power due to incorporating the deaths (using a two stage statistical model).
The revised sample size calculation below, based on blinded data (as of April 2011) and inclusion of the "fFN"- group is around 1250 participants
Obstetric outcome (delivery <34 weeks).
The table below gives the estimated power for three combinations of sample size (all 1:2 fFN+/fFN- groups, assuming 375:750 (total 1125), 400:800 (total 1200) and 425:850 (total 1275) assuming (fFN+, fFN-) event rates (delivery < 34 weeks) of (40%, 10%), (45%, 13%), and (45%, 15%). All calculations assume a relative treatment effect of 32.5%.
- 1.
The 40% untreated rate is as per the original assumption. We have looked at the blinded (aggregated) event rate for the first 67 women randomised in OPPTIMUM (ignoring any possible bias created by recording the early births before later births in the most recently randomised). For the fFN + group, 29/67 (43%, 95% exact confidence interval 31% to 56%) had delivered at <34 weeks. The blinded event rate according to the assumed 40% untreated rate with a 27% treated rate (32.5% relative reduction) would be 33.5%. Although the numbers are relatively small, there appears to be a higher event rate than anticipated, which would be consistent with having selected a higher risk and hence scarcer subset than we planned for). An overall blinded rate of 43% could comprise an untreated rate of 52% and a treated rate of 35%. We assume conservatively that the baseline event rate in the untreated fFN + group is 45%.
- 2.
For the fFN- group women data on the first 24 women suggested that 8/24 (33%, exact 95% confidence interval 16% to 55%) had delivered early. As indicated above, this percentage is likely to be inflated since we record the early deliveries before observing the term deliveries. However, fortunately, we also had followed up those who were not randomised (by definition, all of whom had a negative fFN test) into OPPTIMUM from the start. Of the 398 followed, 32 have had a delivery <34 weeks. We know that 57% of these 398 would have been eligible for the trial (short cervix < 25 mm), and the epidemiology indicates that it is very unlikely to give birth <34 weeks with none of the classic risk factors. So we conservatively estimate that around 13% (i.e. around 29/225, exact confidence interval 9% to 18%) of those recruited into the fFN- group, based on OPPTIMUM data, will have a delivery <34 weeks.
Power scenarios for the neonatal outcome
Subjects (fFN+/fFN-) [Total]
375/750 (1125)
400/800 (1200)
425/850 (1275)
375/750 (1125)
400/800 (1200)
425/850 (1275)
375/750 (1125)
400/800 (1200)
425/850 (1275)
The neonatal outcome (neonatal death, severe chronic lung disease, intraventricular haemorrhage).
Power scenarios for the obstetric outcome
Subjects (fFN+/ fFN-) [Total]
375/750 (1125)
400/800 (1200)
425/850 (1275)
We conclude that by randomising at least 375 fFN + and 750 fFN- women, assuming an untreated rate of 25% of the composite of neonatal death, severe chronic lung disease, intraventricular haemorrhage in the fFN+, and 8% in the fFN-, with an assumed 40% relative treatment effect (as per original calculation) the original power of the study for this neonatal outcome will be preserved at >80% power.
The childhood development outcome (Bayley Score at 2 years).
There are no data yet on this outcome within OPPTIMUM. In the original calculation we assumed that the difference in mean Bayley score would be 4 units with a common standard deviation of 15 units. It is more difficult to assess the power convincingly with a mixture of fFN + and fFN- women on a continuous outcome such as the Bayley Score, since the power calculation requires assumptions about not just the anticipated treatment effect but also the assumed variability via the standard deviation. If we assume the same 4 unit difference in the fFN + and a 4/3 unit difference in the fFN- group (consistent with the pro-rata rate of delivery <34 weeks), with the same 15 unit standard deviation, then the study will have 71%, 73%, and 76% power if 1125, 1200, or 1275 are randomised (375:750, 400:800; and 425:850) as per Tables 1 and 2 above. However, this is for an unadjusted analysis, and in practice we will adjust for fFN + and fFN- group, and a limited number of other baseline covariates strongly related to Bayley Score at 2 years (e.g. gender) as specified in the statistical analysis plan, and this will reduce the variability and hence increase the power. For example, if the underlying variability in the lower risk group is lower – say halved, at 7.5 units, consistent with a higher proportion having uniformly high Bayley Scores since they have no disability – then the approximate power would be 93%, 94%, and 95% respectively for 1125, 1200, or 1275 randomised in total. In practice the reduction in variability by adjusting for both this design variate (fFN + and fFN- ) and additional baseline covariates may be considerably greater, so we are confident that the original power on the childhood development outcome will be protected at or above the original 90% level by randomising at least 1125 subjects (375:750).
Author' contributions
The protocol was jointly devised by all the authors with the exception of SW. JEN prepared the first draft of this manuscript for submission. All authors commented and agreed the final draft.
This report is independent research funded by the MRC and managed by the NIHR on behalf of the MRC-NIHR partnership. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the MRC, NHS, NIHR or the Department of Health.
Copyright information
This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


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Martin Sourada wrote:
On Wed, 2008-04-02 at 10:40 +0300, Nicu Buculei wrote:I don't know... if we get again a release name in the middle of Round 2 and get the process influenced by that and start wondering about the usefulness of the first round...Aaah, I forgot... Then, is it already decided when the F10 release name will be set? If we are going to match the artwork for F10 with it's release name, it would greatly help if the release name was determined really early in the process, so it would make IMHO sense (and would greatly help us, the art team) to start with the F10 naming process now and have a vote just about (or shortly after) the F9 release. What do you think?
Supposedly there was recently some talk about that - jump to "3) Painless Releases Meeting":
https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-art-list/2008-March/msg00139.html -- nicu :: http://nicubunu.ro :: http://nicubunu.blogspot.com Cool Fedora wallpapers: http://fedora.nicubunu.ro/wallpapers/ Open Clip Art Library: http://www.openclipart.org my Fedora stuff: http://fedora.nicubunu.ro


text: A treatment planning code for inverse planning and 3D optimization in hadrontherapyFaiza Bourhaleb, F. Marchetto, +12 authors C. PeroniComp. in Bio. and Med.2008The therapeutic use of protons and ions, especially carbon ions, is a new technique and a challenge to conform the dose to the target due to the energy deposition characteristics of hadron beams. An appropriate treatment planning system (TPS) is strictly necessary to take full advantage. We developed a TPS software, ANCOD++, for the evaluation of the… (More)


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'How Many Girls in the Mirror' Photo Sends Internet Into a Tizzy
The internet loves a good mystery. Well, not so much a mystery as a debate about something that seems pretty simple on the surface.
The latest example? This picture by Swiss photographer Tiziana Vergari, which has led people to try and figure out how many girls are actually in it.
It's reminiscent of the debate over "cabbage or onion" or last year's national crisis over the color of the dress.
Yup, as is often the case over what appears to be something trivial, people have very strong feelings about it.
"@B_ELRUFAI: Nobody can agree on how many girls are in this photo (via @Pocket)" they were only two girls. Its just mirror reflections.
— Umar SB Takko (@Usbtakko) March 17, 2016
How many girls in this photo? 4. then the mirror. Why is this confusing so many people? pic.twitter.com/2di9YfWDfR
— Jon Donnis (@JonDonnis) March 17, 2016
There are a whole slew of theories out there, with most saying there are either two or four girls. There are even some people who feel there are multiple mirrors, which really confuses things.
In the end, Vergari put an end to the madness by confirming there were only two girls. So, now we can all rest easy.


text:
Getting Of Wisdom
Release Date: 23 January 2012 | Certificate: To Be Announced
Featuring: Susannah Fowle, Barry Humphries and John Waters
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The suffocating repressiveness of the Victorian era is superbly realized by director Bruce Beresford in THE GETTING OF WISDOM. Thirteen-year-old Laura (Susannah Fowle), an incorrigible free spirit from the Australian outback, is enrolled in a prestigious girl's boarding school. The indoctrination process is a rough one, and Laura very nearly loses her individuality and sense of self-worth. When she does mature, however, it is on her terms, and not the school's. Intriguingly, THE GETTING OF WISDOM is based on the reminiscences of a 19th-century female writer who used the pen name of Henry Handel Richardson.
Release Date: 23 January 2012
Certificate: TBA - To Be Announced
Actors: Susannah Fowle, Barry Humphries, John Waters and Julia Blake
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Production Year: 1977
Main Language: English
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Awesome foursome
Ian Ward previews Twenty20 Finals Day and although he is sticking with Kent, says anyone can win it.
Last Updated: 24/07/08 2:53pm
It's not just the Champions League and the money knocking about that make this Twenty20 finals day so special, it is the four finalists on show.
I've got to say I am hugely chuffed that we have Kent, Essex, Middlesex and Durham doing battle because they will all bring something slightly different to the table.
You couldn't wish for a more diverse quartet, you really couldn't. From the spinning options of Essex, to the ferocious pace attack of Durham to dark horses Middlesex and reigning champions Kent, the line-up is brilliant.
Finals day is always fabulous - long, but a great day nonetheless - but with the other little factors coming into play, this year has something extra.
For a start we're talking about Champions League qualification and the small matter of $5million down the line and then we still don't really know what will happen with the ICL players involved at the Rose Bowl.
I hope that is sorted before we start. The ICL have made it pretty clear where they stand on those players but I do feel some sympathy for the ECB, who are not being helped by the way employment law works in this country.
I have also read an article this week from Steve James suggesting the Stanford competition will be a week-long party, with our winners taking on 'his' Twenty20 winners, Trinidad & Tobago, where you'll pocket just £50,000 for turning up!
Whatever the rewards on offer, Finals Day is not like a normal game of Twenty20, it has a real festival feel about it. I have been trying to work out whether it's better to play in the second semi, when you are technically the fresher of the two finalists, or in the first, so you can rest, and build yourself up again.
Even having been there with Surrey, I'm still not sure to be honest, because the game's are so intense, they can take a lot out of you. And the beauty of this format is anyone can win a Twenty20 game, at any given time, or on any given day.
I am still sticking with my early prediction and backing Kent to retain the trophy, but only because I have to!
I like the fact they've got match-winners throughout the side and I like the way Rob Key captains his men.
They are pretty relaxed and do not seem to get too serious or intense, and of course, on Saturday they will have the advantage of having seen it all before.
They are joint favourites with Durham, but as I say, anyone can win it on the day...
Wardy's guide to the four finalists
Captain: Rob Key
2008 record: P11 W7 L4 T0 NR0
Leading batsman: Azhar Mahmood (Ave 44.00)
Leading bowler: James Tredwwell (15wkts at 14.06)
Sky Bet odds: 2/1
WARDY SAYS: I have to admit I picked them to win it again early on, so I am going to stick with that - but I have still been impressed by the Spitfires. I like the fact they've got match-winners throughout the side: with the bat Rob Key, Joe Denly and Darren Stevens and Martin van Jaarsveld are all capable of big innings while they have proper bowlers capable of taking wickets in Yasir Arafat and Azhar Mahmood, who has become a dangerous domestic all-rounder. The spin of James Tredwell has also proved a vital option but above all, I like the way Key captains his side. They are pretty relaxed and not too serious and of course, on Saturday they will have the advantage of having seen it all before.
Captain: Mark Pettini
2008 record: P11 W7 L3 T1 NR0
Leading batsman: James Foster (Ave 40.85)
Leading bowler: Danish Kaneria (18wkts at 13.77)
Sky Bet odds: 3/1
WARDY SAYS: Their biggest challenge is to recreate that intensity that has served them so well at Chelmsford. There they have fantastic pitches that suit them, but that's what home advantage is all about. Their three spinners, with Danish Kaneria at the fore are a potent mix and of course when it comes to batting, all eyes will be on him of the sixes, Graham Napier. But it would be a mistake to ignore the rest of the Essex batting, because Ravi Bopara has a Friends Provident double hundred under his belt this season and James Foster and Grant Flower are intelligent players. It will be interesting to see where Napier bats because they tend to keep him away from the spinners, which is why we sometimes see him down the order. But I expect the Rose Bowl to favour the seamers, which means Napes coming in at three.
Captain: Ed Joyce
2008 record: P11 W8 L2 T0 NR0
Leading batsman: Dawid Malan (Ave 60.00)
Leading bowler: Tyron Henderson (19wkts at 13.68)
Sky Bet odds: 10/3
WARDY SAYS: They have surprised us all this season, for one simple reason: they have no pedigree in this competition at all. In fact, until this season they've had an absolute shocker. They are just a good, solid all-round side who have got some nice momentum going, but I have been particularly impressed with the bowling. Dirk Nannes swings it and has got some heat on him which should be handy at the Rose Bowl, and their slower bowlers, Shaun Udal and Murali Kartik always do well and Tim Murtagh has come in and taken wickets as well. Batting-wise the young guys like Dawid Malan and Eoin Morgan are in fine form and Ed Joyce has also scored runs. I don't think losing Andrew Strauss will be too much of a blow and I can't see it detracting from their side - and he's just become a father so I think, putting into perspective, he will appreciate a Saturday off.
Captain: Dale Benkenstein
2008 record: W7 L1 T1 NR2
Leading batsman: Dale Benkenstein (Ave 39.83)
Leading bowler: Shaun Pollock (13wkts at 14.92)
Sky Bet odds: 2/1
WARDY SAYS: It was not as if it was a case of justice being done with Durham getting through, but I do think it would have been terrible if they weren't at Finals Day. Now their supporters can go and have a day out at the Rose Bowl and they - and their side - will add something different to the occasion. There is no Albie Morkel, but he's been replaced by Shiv Chanderpaul and they still have a superstar side, epitomised by a tremendously potent bowling attack, who all take wickets. Steve Harmison, Liam Plunkett, Graham Onions and Neil Kileen, plus the experience of Shaun Pollock is almost a Fantasy Cricket line-up! Good luck to Napier and co trying to whack them out of the ground. Durham have been criticised for playing Kolpak players but they still have plenty of local lads and they still produce England cricketers - and a good balanced side.


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The successful candidate will have completed a university degree in applied mathematics/scientific computing.
The salary will be E13 (comparable to the former BAT IIa, about 1400 Euro).
The successful candidate will be involved in the current research projects of the group Numerical Mathematics'.
The position offers the opportunity to work towards a doctoral degree or to achieve additional scientific qualifications.
It includes a teaching load of 4 hours/week, usually as a teaching assistant for tutorials (in German).
The university wants to increase the ratio of women on the academic staff.
Applications from women are therefore particularly welcome.
Prof. Dr. Heike Fassbender
AG Numerische Mathematik
Institut Computational Mathematics
TU Braunschweig
Pockelsstr. 14
D-38106 Braunschweig
Email: h.fassbender [at] tu-bs.de Telefon: +49-531-391-7535 Fax: +49-531-391-8206
Use the above contacts for more information on the PhD or PostDoc Position in Computing at TU Braunschweig - Germany.
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