text:
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
In this paper, a biorefinery complex in Thailand was assessed
The utilization of biomass for energy is being promoted worldwide as a means to provide national energy security benefits to countries relying on fossil fuel energy imports. They also provide, under certain conditions of cultivation and production, environmental benefits, notably with regard to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions. However, issues of land use change, biodiversity loss, and water consumption are among some of the challenges reported in the literature to potentially contribute to reducing the benefits of biomass based energy [
As one type of bioenergy, liquid transportation fuels or biofuels are particularly promoted in countries rich in biomass resources. In Thailand, bio-ethanol production and use has been encouraged by the government for several years. This is not only to reduce oil importation and contribute to global warming mitigation but also to activate the grassroots economy by stabilizing the income of farmers and generating employment in the local community [
Currently, cane molasses and cassava are the two major feedstocks used in Thailand for bio-ethanol production although major production is from molasses. Sugarcane is a good feedstock for ethanol production since the crop is well adapted to the growing conditions of Thailand. According to OAE [
Sugar plantations in Thailand occupy an area of about one million hectares mainly concentrated over 47 provinces in central, north eastern and northern Thailand. Although production of sugar fluctuates with weather conditions, the average yield for 2009 was about 66 tons/ha, that is a 10% increase as compared to 2007, but still lower than that of Brazil at 87 tons/ha [
In 2009, ethanol production amounted to 400.7 million liters or 1.1 million liters/day. There are currently 19 ethanol plants in operation with a production capacity of 2.9 million tons per day. About 50% of the plants are flexible feedstock based ethanol plants; 60–70% of ethanol production is molasses-based since 70% of the ethanol plants have sugar mills as their core business. To satisfy the government target of three million liters per day by 2011, the number of ethanol plants in Thailand will increase to 23 plants in 2011 with a total production capacity of 4.6 million liters per day.
The use of gasohol in Thailand is not compulsory and premium gasoline (octane 95 gasoline) and regular gasoline (octane 91 gasoline) are still available at a price 10–15% and 22–26% lower respectively than E10 (10% ethanol blend with octane 91 gasoline). Hence, it is anticipated some consumers may not find the prices attractive enough to shift to E10, particularly those running on premium gasoline. Still, the biofuel promotion policy is meeting a certain amount of success in Thailand, shown by the increasing trend of gasohol consumption over the last five years, and up almost 50% in 2009 as compared to the previous year. Also the government is providing a series of incentives to stimulate ethanol production and consumption, including, excise tax exemption for ethanol producers selling ethanol in Thailand (of 8 THB/L), subsidies using the State Oil Fund to reduce the selling price of gasohol at the pump which enables refineries to lower the retail price of gasohol, and more advantageous excise tax reduction for car manufactures of vehicles running on E85 [
As reported by Ribeiro Fernandes dos Santos [
The establishment of biorefineries has gained much interest worldwide with the promotion of renewable energy as a means to increase energy security for nations and to contribute to climate change mitigation, particularly with regards to global warming, based on the carbon neutral concept of CO2 emissions from combustion of biomass materials [
As mentioned earlier, sugar mills in Thailand are integrated as the core business for ethanol production [
As part of the biorefinery system, there are several stages leading to ethanol production,
Ethanol production consists of the fermentation of molasses to produce a dilute alcohol solution which is followed by distillation and dehydration in order to produce fuel grade ethanol 99.5%. The three main by-products from this process are CO2, stillage and wastewater. The CO2 can be collected, purified and transformed for use in coolant, soft drink, soda, dry ice and fire extinguisher industries [
The integration of several processing units described above into what may be referred to as a biorefinery complex where by-products utilization is maximized, may contribute to enhance the competitiveness of ethanol production as compared to separate production systems. To evaluate such aspects, a representative biorefinery complex in Khon Kaen province, Thailand producing molasses based ethanol was selected. The biorefinery complex includes sugarcane plantation and biorefinery as illustrated in
The environmental assessment was performed by assessing the GHG emissions associated to molasses-based ethanol production from the biorefinery complex and its ultimate use for transportation. The standard Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology based on ISO 14040 was used to quantify the global warming potential over a 100 year-time horizon and expressed in units of CO2 equivalent [
Two scenarios were considered and results analyzed in comparison to that of the base case scenario illustrated in
At the plantation, open burning of cane trash is being practiced prior to harvesting sugarcane. Two sub-scenarios were assessed in this study, 35% burning and 0% burning, and results compared to that of the base-case scenario where 70% of cane trash is being burnt.
At the biorefinery, steam is being produced (sugar mill and power plant) and the excess fraction of steam is currently left un-used,
In order to assess the social impacts of the biorefinery complex on sugarcane farmers and employees of the biorefinery, the Human Development Index or HDI was considered. The purpose of this indicator is to evaluate how a biorefinery complex influences social welfare. The results obtained were compared to that of the population in the province where the biorefinery complex is located. To assess Human Development Index, three parameters are required according to the formula provided by UNDP [
where LE: Life Expectancy Index; EI: Education Index (based on Gross Enrolment Index and Literacy Rate); GI: Gross Domestic Product Index
Information for each of the parameters shown in
For the economic assessment, total value added was selected as indicator. Assessments were made at the level of the sugarcane plantation and biorefinery. In order to estimate total value added, three main factors were taken into consideration including, total net profit, wages (employment) and tax revenues. Some details about each of those parameters are provided below.
Is the sum of the net profit generated from the main products (
For farmers at the sugarcane plantation and employees at the biorefinery were investigated and expressed in terms of man-days. Based on availability of data, some conversions were performed to express man-days into number of persons hired and estimate wages paid.
Is the income generated by the government from the entities involved in each production process. At the plantation, taxes are collected from the sugarcane sold by farmers to the biorefinery. At the biorefinery, taxes are collected from each processing unit. However, in Thailand, ethanol factories and biomass power plants are exempt from paying taxes for a certain number of years, a situation which is applicable under the condition of this study. Hence, taxes were only collected from the production stage of sugarcane and the sugar mill. As reported earlier, a withholding tax of 0.75% is to be considered for the sugarcane plantation, while a corporate income tax of 35% is to be included for the biorefinery.
Based on the life cycle inventory data collected from the sugarcane plantation and biorefinery, the environmental impact resulting from the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG)
The sugarcane biorefinery results in an almost 50% reduction for ethanol as compared to gasoline. In fact, the reductions increase even further when cane trash burning is reduced (∼70%) or avoided (∼80%). A reasonable amount of GHG savings can also be obtained from utilization of steam that is currently left unused (an extra 10%).
The maximum contribution to the life cycle GHG emissions of ethanol is from the plantation stage at 13.65 kgCO2e for the reference flow of 14.95 L ethanol, followed by transportation at 4.9 kgCO2e. However, credits obtained from excess electricity sold to the grid help reduce the emissions by about 6.5 kgCO2e. Open burning of cane trash and use of chemical fertilizers comprises the major GHG emission sources at the plantation stage, indicating the importance of proper management at this stage. Also, if the cane trash would be utilized for power production, this would further reduce GHG emissions. However, this usage would require further investigation based on the properties of cane trash, logistics,
The above results show that a biorefinery complex enables to maximize the utilization of the by-products generated along its processing units and to contribute reducing GHG emissions and therefore the GWP associated to molasses based ethanol production. It is also observed that there is still opportunity to further optimize the environmental performance, notably if the sugarcane residues produced at the plantation stage could find an alternative usage as a source of energy for instance, rather than being open burnt as currently practiced. This could provide additional GHG emission credits, benefiting the biorefinery complex and hence the environmental performance of molasses based ethanol as compared to gasoline.
HDI was determined separately for sugarcane farmers and employees at the biorefinery, and for the general population of Khon Kaen. As mentioned earlier, HDI is calculated through life expectancy index, education index and GDP index. With regards to education index, the value available at national level was used to perform the assessment since Thailand is characterized by a high literacy rate and gross enrollment which is assumed to be representative for every part of the country. In terms of life expectancy, the national figures were also used for the same reason as above. However, for GDP index, since there are large differences of income among social categories and regions in Thailand, specific information was collected for the biorefinery complex studied and the general population of Khon Kaen. Based on the data collected, GDP index was estimated accordingly for farmers at the sugarcane plantation, employees at the biorefinery, and population at the provincial level, as shown in
For each category of population considered in this study, HDI was estimated based on the above assumptions, and the results are provided in
From the results presented in
Although the biorefinery complex set in Khon Kaen has not enabled the farmers to reach a level of social development that is higher than that of the provincial level, this negative change in HDI may not reflect the benefits that might have resulted from their contract with the sugar mill. Via contract farming, farmers are provided with a steady income for the year since their product (sugarcane) is guaranteed to be bought by the mill. This safety of a minimal income for the year is not captured by HDI, but is an important social aspect for farmers. Indeed, farmers in Thailand belong to a lower income class of the society and are therefore characterized by a social development that is lower than that of the average for the country. A comparison of their HDI with that of an average farmer in Khon Kaen (or national level) might show a positive change in HDI. This could be an additional option to assess if sugarcane farmers are really benefiting from their activities via contract farming with the sugar mill. On the other hand, employees at the biorefinery benefit from higher income and therefore living conditions which translate into a HDI that is higher than that of the province. Since HDI is an indicator that has been developed to assess level of social development at national level, those results show that there are still limitations in its use as a social indicator at sub-national levels and the results obtained should be interpreted with care.
With regards to economic assessment, total value added from the sugarcane plantation and biorefinery was considered. The information was calculated based on several factors including net profit, wages and taxes. The overall results are presented in
Overall results from the biorefinery complex, as shown in
At the level of the sugarcane plantation, major contributors to total value added are the salaries paid to farm laborers for their cultivation activities, almost 64% of total value added, and from profits generated out of the selling of sugarcane to the mill, about 35% of total value added. Tax revenue contributes the remaining 1%. Therefore at the sugarcane plantation level, income generated out of the farming activities and selling of sugarcane to the mill are major economic assets; the farmers themselves are mainly benefiting from the activities associated to the biorefinery complex. Those are important indicators since they imply that living conditions of farmers are likely enhanced. Although the results of the economic assessment show economic benefits for the farmers which could lead to improved social development, results from the social assessment (HDI) did not confirm such an improvement since the information is not directly captured by HDI. It is therefore necessary that the results from the economic and social assessments be evaluated in combination in order to come up with a better understanding of the impacts of the biorefinery complex on the people.
At the level of the biorefinery, the results show that profit is a major contributor to total value added, about 46%, followed by salaries of employees at about 37%. Taxes are contributing 17% of the total value added. The economic assessment at the level of the biorefinery provides results that are quite different from those obtained at the level of the plantation. Profits are major assets to secure sustainability of operations of the biorefinery complex and represent therefore the largest share of total value added.
The environmental and socio-economic impacts related to a biorefinery complex producing molasses-based ethanol were assessed in the Khon Kaen province of Thailand using three major indicators.
For the environmental assessment, global warming potential was considered as the indicator. GHG emissions from the production and use of molasses-based ethanol for all scenarios considered were 50–80% lower than gasoline. The optimized use of biomass was found to contribute an important role in enhancing the environmental competitiveness of molasses based ethanol. It must be noted here that although global warming potential was considered in this study as the sole indicator for assessing environmental sustainability, other relevant indicators such as abiotic resource depletion could be included to further capture sustainability. Biofuel utilization should assist in slowing down the depletion of non-renewable energy resources and, as mentioned earlier, to contribute national energy security from avoided importation of fossil based energy which would contribute to bringing economic savings for the country.
With regards to social assessment, HDI was considered as the indicator. It was found that the HDI of farmers is lower than that of employees at the biorefinery. Still, their living conditions are expected to have improved from the steady income received as a result of contract farming with the sugar mill. For the employees of the biorefinery, it was observed that their HDI is higher than that of the general population in the province, reflecting a higher level of social development. Although these results confirm that the biorefinery complex has enabled to bring social benefits particularly for employees at the biorefinery, certain limitations in the use of HDI were identified. These are due to the nature of the indicator which has been designed for assessment at national level. Also, it is obvious from the assessment performed in this study that the GDP index strongly influences the final results obtained for HDI. This shows that it is important to not dissociate social and economic assessments since both are interlinked and therefore influence each other. Thus, a socio-economic assessment in which results from both aspects are interpreted in combination is most appropriate to capture sustainability and avoid misleading or biased interpretation of the results obtained. This case is particularly well illustrated for the farmers who did not seem to benefit socially from their activities with the biorefinery. However, the economic assessment revealed that farmers are those mainly benefiting from the biorefinery activities at the plantation stage since wages and profits from selling sugarcane to the mill were found to represent the largest fraction of the total value added. Contract farming is the scheme which has brought such benefits to farmers, not only by the positive economic impact but also socially, even though this was not really captured by HDI.
Molasses based ethanol production from a biorefinery complex.
Life cycle results of Global Warming Potential (GWP) for each scenario of ethanol production and use and compared to gasoline.
|Base Scenario
|Scenario 1
|Scenario 2
Remark: Results based on reference flow of 14.95 L ethanol which is equivalent to 9.89 L gasoline [
Calculation of GDP index for Khon Kaen province, plantation and biorefinery.
|Gross Provincial Product per capita of Khon Kaen province
|Gross Provincial Product (PPP) per capita for Khon Kaen province
|Income per capita for sugarcane plantation
|Income per capita (PPP) for sugarcane plantation
|Income per capita for biorefinery
|Income per capita (PPP) for biorefinery
Remarks: 1USD = 33.38 THB [
Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) factor for Thailand is 2.47 [
Calculation of Human Development Index (HDI) for Khon Kaen province, plantation and biorefinery.
National data from UNDP [
GI calculated based on GPP of Khon Kaen [
Total value added per year from sugarcane cultivation and biorefinery.
|Biorefinery complex (THB/Year)
|Plantation (THB/Year)
|Biorefinery (THB/Year)
|Total Net Profit
|Wages Paid
|Tax Revenue
The authors gratefully acknowledge the support provided by the Economic Research Institute of ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA). The comments and suggestions of the expert working group on "Sustainable Biomass Utilisation Vision in East Asia" are also acknowledged


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Life Healthcare is a leading private hospital operator in South Africa and primarily serves the market for privately insured individuals, representing approximately eight million people. The group provides mainly acute care, high technology private hospital services.
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Classroom Rules
Three words sum up appropriate
behavior for ALL settings.
verb, noun, adjective
1. done, performed, delivered, etc., at once or without delay: a prompt reply.
2. ready in action; quick to act as occasion demands.
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Definition taken from dictionary.com
Definition taken from dictionary.com
Definition taken from dictionary.com
1. Get out a sheet of paper and pencil. DO NOT PUT YOUR NAME ON YOUR PAPER.
2. On your paper, brainstorm acceptable classroom behaviors for each category. ( MUST HAVE at least four per category)
3. Highlight your top three choices for each category.
4. Turn them in.
Tomorrow, as a class, we will determine the three or four rules we want to become our Classroom Rules for each category.
The class will write
the actual rules
for each category.
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- Who We Are
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text:
I may be wrong but the gangrape case seems to have put sex and eve-teasing on the minds of the average citizen on the streets even more. Which explains the crime being committed again and again. Horrible, isn't it! What do you think?
Please read my blog and comment thx... http://www.speakingtree.in/public/spiritual-forums/wellness/living-after-rape-my-story-of-survival-god
This is to be addressed in totality.People,Press,Polity,Policy,Police join together and change mind-set,
News reports of rapes and sexual abuse do not increase the crime, it is just that more of it is being reported. People are no longer being submissive and keeping quiet about the horror they faced and rightly so. If we keep quiet about it, it is not that the crime will go away. What has to change is the way women are perceived in the society.
i think you are right.
..More than the problem of rape n eve teasing, the changing mind set of the society n callous behavior of the police put all of us to shame.....the recent case of Delhi gang rape really ashamed all of us...we call ourselves civilized society where the victims are made to struggle on the freezing night naked n bleeding on the road side without any assistance...we have to rethink and examine our values so that such things don't recur and victims get timely help.


text:
J&K SSS Special Scholarship Scheme 2015, Jammu and Kashmir SSS Merit List 2015, www.jkssb.nic.in, JK SSS 2015 Details, PM J&K SSS Scheme 2015-16
J&K SSS Special Scholarship Scheme Merit List 2015: Jammu and Kashmir Prime Minister's Special Scholarship Scheme Merit List will be declared soon on their official website. After the commencement of JK SSS Examination which was held in May 2015, students have applied for J&K SSS Application Form from 13th June to 28th June 2015. Jammu and Kashmir SSS Merit List 2015 Result will be soon announced on their official website. Around 5000 Scholarships are been issued By Jammu and Kashmir Special Scholarship Scheme. These Scholarships will be given to those students who are 10+2 pass and their family income is less than 6 Lakhs per annum.
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|Message view
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|« Date » · « Thread »
|Dariusz Łuksza <dariusz.luk...@gmail.com>
|[c3-monitoring] Logging reconfiguration.
|Sat, 25 Apr 2009 17:52:17 GMT
Hi all, I'm actually starting work on my GSoC project so in near feature you will be getting a lot of spam from me and Jira ;) First goal that I want to achieve is logging reconfiguration (I'm sure that you all ready notice corresponding with it mail from Jira). I've all read attach small patch to jira issue that adds cocoon-monitoring module but I have also one question connected with this patch. I'm not quite sure what should I do witch "old" cocoon-configuration-api and cocoon-spring-configurator. Should I : [1] add dependency to cocoon-monitoring on cocoon-configuration-api or cocoon-spring-configurator, [2] create another solution based on cocoon-spring-configurator [3] integrate both project and add it to c3 ? I've notice that now in c3 there no division between api and it's implementation, so I think that first approach wouldn't be good. IMHO the best solution would be implementing logging reconfiguration from scratch based on code from cocoon-spring-configurator. I'm looking froward for yours advices and opinions ;) -- Best regards Blog: http://luksza.org LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/in/dariuszluksza
|View raw message


text:
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Providing prudent fiscal management, staff support and other required resources which enable each division of Public Works to obtain their goals.
Sand and Bags will be available at the following locations:
Santa Barbara Flood Control Shop
4568 County Rd (Off of Calle Real)Santa Barbara
Santa Maria Flood Control Shop 912 West Foster Road
Santa Maria
Santa Barbara Fire Station #31
168 W Hwy 246Buellton
Sand bags are not pre-filled and persons are limited to 25 bags.More information concerning sand bags is available from County Flood Control at (805)568-3440.
Sandbag Disposal
Sand from sandbags can be mixed with soil and
used in landscaping or taken to a construction and demolition recycling plant.Click here for more information and locations.
Bags can be reused or, if not
usable, should be thrown in the trash.
City sand and bag locations. Please contact city for current availability or more information:
City of Buellton
Currently no program for 2015-16
City of Carpinteria
5775 Carpinteria Ave. (City Hall)
805-684-5405 x-443
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FS 11 - 6901 Frey Way - (805) 681-5511
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24 hours, self-serve, bags and sand included
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City of Santa Maria (Click here for more information) - (805) 925-0951
Sand only at all locations (no bags)
Suey Crossing. (At all times)
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text:
if...else...fi in Linux Shell Script
By: Dorris Emailed: 1757 times Printed: 2445 times
Latest comments
If given condition is true then command1 is executed otherwise command2 is
if condition
condition is zero (true - 0)
execute all commands up to else statement
if condition is not true then
execute all commands up to fi
For e.g. Write Script as follows:
$ vi isnump_n
# Script to see whether argument is positive or negative
if [ $# -eq 0 ]
echo "$0 : You must give/supply one integers"
exit 1
if test $1 -gt 0
echo "$1 number is positive"
echo "$1 number is negative"
Try it as follows:
$ chmod 755 isnump_n
$ isnump_n 5
5 number is positive
$ isnump_n -45
-45 number is negative
$ isnump_n
./ispos_n : You must give/supply one integers
$ isnump_n 0
0 number is negative
Detailed explanation
First script checks whether command line argument is given or not, if not given then it print error message as "./ispos_n : You must give/supply one integers". if statement checks whether number of argument ($#) passed to script is not equal (-eq) to 0, if we passed any argument to script then this if statement is false and if no command line argument is given then this if statement is true. The echo command i.e.
echo "$0 : You must give/supply one integers"
| |
| |
1 2
1 will print Name of script
2 will print this error message
And finally statement exit 1 causes normal program termination with exit status 1 (nonzero means script is not successfully run).
The last sample run $ isnump_n 0 , gives output as "0 number is negative", because given argument is not > 0, hence condition is false and it's taken as negative number. To avoid this replace second if statement with if test $1 -ge 0.
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If this tutorial doesn't answer your question, or you have a specific question, just ask an expert here. Post your question to get a direct answer.
Be the first one to add a comment
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text:
118 responses to "Michelle Rodriguez licks her armpit hair"
she looks like a foot
You're so silly!
How dare she show her armpit hair? She can consider herself reported, and the authorities are in route to revoke her vagina.
oh no
MeanNate-checked out your site. Your work looks good. Are you familiar with Rene Garcia Jr.? I think you would enjoy his work…. check it:http://www.renegarciajr.com/
why do i suck? sorry the link is for shit….thought i was so terrific with my cutting and pasting.
I suck too, like a hoover I tell ya.
That is one classy woman.
If her pits are shaggy, what about her bush?
Yoiks. Sorry I went there….
Disgusting WHORE. I hate her. I HATE HER!!!
I bet she plays pull my finger and belches like a man.
Just like Ma-Maw.
I was much more disturbed when Julia Roberts flashed her armpit pets at the premiere of Notting Hill. I never saw the film, but that image is burned in my brain. Granted, she didn't try to lick them, but at least Ms. Rodriguez is making an attempt to groom.
What's with the jerk-off trying to finger her pit? One in the pink, one in the stink? Try both in the stink, moron. This chick is so gross, even in interviews she belches and (reportedly) farts. Who keeps propping these fucktards up? It's not us – can anyone tell me a movie this dyke headlined that made money (and I said headlined, not third or fourth billing)? Here's an idea, since voting with our cash doesn't work anymore because apparently everyone in Hollywood who holds a SAG card is a sacred cow, why don't we build an ark and invite all the celebs who are useless mouthbreathers aboard? We can send out invites to Ms. Rodriguez, Ben Affleck, The Hoff, Pam Anderson, Paris Hilton, Lindsey Lohan, Nicole Richie, the Olsens, Colin Farrel, Woody Harrelson, Will Smith, Jada Pinkett-Smith, Alec Baldwin, George Clooney, etc, etc, add your own overpaid pain in the ass. Then, when the ark is out to sea, spring a leak and start the hidden cameras. It would be the greatest reality show ever, as these pampered assholes freak all over one another as Davey Jones' locker beckons.
Gross beaner- nuff said…
Are we certain she hadn't been drinking?
@14, except let the Hoff stay and add the Federlines, Mariah Carey, Jen and Vince and yes, 90%of popular Hollywood, the ones that are on ET, Acess Hollywood, the Insider (especially Pat O'Brien) and the rest of those shit shows.
you should see how she drinks the water from her own back.
From her own crack?
Gag. Who is this person? Other than an armpit-hair-licking skeever, I mean?


text:
Hi all,
I am currently stripping and rebuilding an `82 standard. It wasnt running when I got it so I have no idea what works and what doesnt.
Is there anything that will need to be replaced/upgraded while I have it apart?
Any tips gratefully received.
Electrical upgrades?
Information and questions on GL1100 Goldwings (1980-1983)
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Post Reply
4 posts • Page 1 of 1
- thrasherg
- Posts: 1961
- Joined: Tue Oct 20, 2009 11:21 am
- Location: Plano, TX
- Motorcycle: 2004 GL1800, 2005 Honda Shadow 750, 2008 Yamaha R6 with RG500 engine, CRF450X, CRF230, CRF250X, XR200, CR500
Re: Electrical upgrades?
The electrics on these bikes are marginal, replace any incandescent bulbs that you can with LED bulbs, it reduces the power requirements and helps make the electrics of the bike more reliable. You might also want to consider a 35watt HID conversion, it consumes almost half the power of a stock headlight and produces lots more light!! The timing belts and hoses are all made of rubber and age, so again replace any rubber belts and hoses (whilst you have it apart, that includes brake lines). Check the connections from the alternator to the rectifier/regulator and if possible remove the plugs and solder the wires together to reduce resistance and stop any risk of corrosion causing your electrics to fail later on. You might also want to replace the ignition coils and leads for something with a bit more punch (that is also younger). The coils are not a known problem, but they are getting old and technology has improved so modern coils will probably give better starting and cleaner running. If the fuel pump is electric, check that it is operating well and maybe clean the filters out on the pump.. Can't think of anything else, but I am sure others will give plenty of suggestions.
Final thought, check everywhere that a wire connects to the frame for earth, clean any rust from around the mounting point to get the best possible connection, bad earths are always a pain to find/fix.
Final thought, check everywhere that a wire connects to the frame for earth, clean any rust from around the mounting point to get the best possible connection, bad earths are always a pain to find/fix.
- Posts: 245
- Joined: Wed Mar 07, 2012 8:20 am
- Location: Southern NH, home again!
- Motorcycle: 1982 gl 1100standard, 1983 1000c
Re: Electrical upgrades?
I was given an `82 standard this past march in similar condition. I recommend that you do a point to point electrical test with a good quality digital tester, that will help pinpoint problems early in your bringing it back to life. Believe me,,,i used 3 original harnesses to create 1 properly functioning harness. Clean every single pin and spade, male and female connector in that harness. Ditto all the switches. The 4-5 hrs done now may prevent having to pull the harness after you put the bike back together and will ensure that the bike is getting all the juice the feeble alternator can give.
- Posts: 245
- Joined: Wed Mar 07, 2012 8:20 am
- Location: Southern NH, home again!
- Motorcycle: 1982 gl 1100standard, 1983 1000c
Re: Electrical upgrades?
Forgot to mention, re connect each cleaned connection with a smear of di-electric grease to prevent moisture from getting in. And, get a marine grade 30 amp fuse holder and use it to replace that cheap dogbone factory fuse at the starter solenoid. And clean / grease the frame grounds, really important. Without a stable electrical system all we really got is a fancy boat anchor. Hope this helps.
Post Reply
4 posts • Page 1 of 1
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text:
What's wrong with this menu?
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Successfully reported!
Antrim 1844 Country House Hotel
30 Trevanion Rd
Taneytown, MD 21787
Dinner Menu
Fruit & Cheese Plate
an assorted of artisanal cheeses w/seasonal fruit
Foie Reos
our take on milk & cookies foie gras pastry w/foie gras mouse, served w/truffled cream
Smoked Asparagus Soup With Duck Confit
smooth cream of smoked asparagus garnished w/duck confit
Oyster Gratin With Bacon & Bok Choy
large oyster combined w/sauteed bok choy and bacon, topped w/ w/a light hollandaise gratin
Arugula Salad
Roulade Of Filet Mignon With Crab
black angus filet of beef accented w/maryland jumbo lump crab meat and bacon, accompanied by maderia demi-glace
Lobster Medallions In Scallop Mouse
mainer lobster paired w/scallop mouse in acrispy coating served w/sauce deux moutarde
Fillet Of Tuna Pistachio
fillet of tuna loin, quickly seared w/a light pistachio crust complemented by grilled eggplant & fresh herb citrus sauce
Roast Quail With Smoked Duck
tender roast quail w/a mergez sausage, pecan and pear stuffing complemented with slices of smoked duck breast
Panache Of Chef's Desserts
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pricing and availability subject to change.
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30 Trevanion Rd
Taneytown, MD 21787
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About Us
Nestled at the foot of the rolling Catoctin Mountains in Central Maryland, this unique country house hotel is acclaimed for its cuisine and luxurious accommodations.Built in 1844, Antrim was once a thriving plantation and is listed in the National Register of Historic Places. Owners Dorothy and Richard Mollett have masterfully restored the mansion and the estate buildings on this 24-acre site. Visitors can enjoy first-hand the adaptive re-use of this exceptional restoration.


text:
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Cafe Mambo - The Real Sound Of Ibiza (CD2) (2000) MP3
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Album: The Yin and the Yang Track 05 - Love Is the Message (featuring Raekwon)
Melba Moore - Just You, Just Me (1981) MP3
b-side of the EMI single "Take My Love"


text:
See where Tara is next!
|Event: Florida Authors and Publishers Association
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text:
Love, American Style
Additional Info
- Description: A cabaret journey through America's best-loved TV theme songs! From the 50s to the 90s, from "Green Acres" to "Fresh Prince of Bel-Air", sing along to classic theme song favorites you grew up singing with the TV.
- Performed By: Frederick Mead
- From: New Orleans, LA
- Type of show: Cabaret
- Note: 70 minutes
- Web site: https://www.facebook.com/events/708667579225882
- Showtimes: 11/19 7pm, 11/20 7pm, 11/21 7pm, 11/22 7pm, 11/23 7pm
- Ticket price: Fringe tickets w/button, or $8 at door with $3 button.
Venue Kajuns Pub (BYOV)
Tagged under


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text:
We have our triumphs, our defeats, our joys and our heartaches.
We accept this as part of our communal life together. Deuteronomy 10.19 says "You shall love the stranger, for you were once strangers in the land of Egypt." We all know what it is like to walk through the doors of a church for the first time, to feel like a stranger. We'll do the best we can to welcome, without suffocating.


text:
* This is the Consumer Version. *
- Symptoms of Heart and Blood Vessel Disorders
- Overview of Heart and Blood Vessel Symptoms
- Chest Pain
- Dizziness or Light-Headedness When Standing Up
- Fainting
- Limb Pain
- Limitation of Physical Activity
- Palpitations
- Postprandial Hypotension
- Swelling
Light-headedness (near syncope) is a sense that one is about to faint. Fainting (syncope) is a sudden, brief loss of consciousness during which the person falls to the ground or slumps in a chair followed by a return to consciousness. The person is motionless and limp and usually has cool legs and arms, a weak pulse, and shallow breathing.
Some people feel light-headed or dizzy before they faint. Others may have nausea, sweating, blurred vision or tunnel vision, tingling of lips or fingertips, chest pain, or palpitations. Less often, people faint suddenly, without any warning symptoms.
Seizures, which are a disturbance of the brain's electrical activity (see Seizure Disorders), and cardiac arrest, in which the heart completely stops beating (see Cardiac Arrest), can cause loss of consciousness but are not considered fainting. However, in some people who faint, muscles briefly jerk involuntarily, resembling a seizure.
Fainting can occur in people of any age, but dangerous causes of fainting are more common among older people.
A person cannot lose consciousness unless brain function is generally disturbed. This disturbance usually occurs because overall blood flow to the brain is reduced. Sometimes, however, blood flow is adequate but the blood does not contain sufficient oxygen or glucose (blood sugar), which the brain needs to function.
Blood flow to the brain can be reduced in several ways. Most often, the cause is something that interferes with the normal return of blood to the heart (and thus reduces blood flow out from the heart). Less often, the cause is a disorder that interferes with blood pumping (typically a heart disorder). Although strokes reduce blood flow to the brain, they only reduce flow to part of the brain. Thus, strokes rarely cause fainting except for the few strokes that involve the part of the brain that maintains consciousness.
The most common causes are
These common causes nearly always cause fainting only when people are standing up. When they fall down, blood flow to the brain is increased, quickly restoring consciousness, although people may not feel completely normal for a few minutes to a few hours. Some people feel tired or exhausted for several hours. These causes tend not to be serious unless people are injured when they fall.
Most of these causes involve decreased return of blood to the heart. Strong emotion (particularly that triggered by the sight of blood) or pain can activate the vagus nerve. Vagus nerve activation widens blood vessels, reducing the return of blood to the heart, and slows the heart rate. Both of these factors cause light-headedness and sometimes fainting (called vasovagal syncope or neurocardiogenic syncope).
Straining during bowel movements or urination or coughing increases chest pressure. Increased chest pressure can activate the vagus nerve and also reduce the return of blood to the heart—two factors that may cause fainting.
Healthy people may faint when standing still for a long time (most common in soldiers, a phenomenon called parade ground syncope), because the leg muscles have to be active to help return blood to the heart.
Sitting or standing up too quickly can cause fainting, because the change in position causes blood to pool in the legs, resulting in a fall in blood pressure. Normally, the body quickly increases the heart rate and constricts blood vessels to maintain blood pressure (see High Blood Pressure : The Body's Control of Blood Pressure). If the body does not compensate in these ways, light-headedness is common and fainting may rarely occur. Certain brain and spinal cord disorders, prolonged bed rest, and certain drugs (particularly those used to treat high blood pressure) can interfere with this compensation and lead to fainting when standing up (see Dizziness or Light-Headedness When Standing Up).
Hormonal changes in early pregnancy sometimes lead to fainting.
Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia—see Hypoglycemia) initially causes confusion, light-headedness, shakiness, and other symptoms, but if hypoglycemia is severe or prolonged, people can lose consciousness. Because these other symptoms usually occur before fainting, people with hypoglycemia usually have some warning before they faint. Usually, the cause of hypoglycemia is use of drugs for diabetes, particularly insulin. Rarely, people have a tumor that secretes insulin.
Less common but more serious causes include
Heart valve disorders can block blood from leaving the heart. A very fast heart rate may not allow the heart enough time to refill with blood, so less blood is pumped. A very slow heart rate may not pump enough blood. Blood clots in the lungs can keep the heart from pumping enough blood. People with a heart attack rarely have fainting when the heart attack occurs (more common in older people). Other uncommon heart muscle disorders called cardiomyopathies can cause fainting, particularly during exercise, typically because of an abnormal heart rhythm.
Although most strokes do not cause fainting, a stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) that involves certain blood vessels at the base of the brain (posterior circulation stroke) can cause fainting. Similarly, a migraine that involves these blood vessels sometimes causes fainting.
If possible, someone who witnessed the faint should provide the doctor with a description of the event because the person who fainted may not remember.
Warning signs
In people who have fainted, certain symptoms and characteristics are cause for concern. They include
Fainting during exercise
Several episodes within a short time
Sudden fainting without any warning symptoms or any apparent trigger
Fainting preceded or followed by possible heart symptoms such as chest pain, palpitations, or shortness of breath
Older age
Significant injury as a result of fainting
Family history of sudden unexpected death, fainting during exercise, or repeated episodes of fainting or seizures for which a cause has not been found
When to see a doctor
What the doctor does
Doctors first ask questions about the person's symptoms and medical history. Doctors then do a physical examination. What doctors find during the history and physical examination often suggests a cause of the fainting and the tests that may need to be done.
Doctors ask about the events leading up to the fainting episode. They ask whether the person was exercising, arguing, or in a potentially emotional situation. They ask whether the person was lying or standing, and, if standing, for how long. They also ask about symptoms that occurred immediately before or after the event, including whether the person felt light-headed or dizzy or experienced nausea, sweating, blurred or tunnel vision, tingling of lips or fingertips, chest pain, or palpitations.
Doctors also ask any witnesses to describe the episode. A sudden, abrupt faint without any warning symptoms or apparent trigger suggests a heart disorder. If fainting is preceded by a brief period of symptoms such as light-headedness, nausea, yawning, blurred vision, or sweating and occurs during a painful or unpleasant situation, it is probably vasovagal syncope, which is not dangerous.
Doctors ask about previous episodes of dizziness or fainting and about other disorders, drugs, or symptoms that may be related to fainting. Doctors also check the person for injuries resulting from the fainting episode.
Then doctors measure the person's vital signs. Heart rate and blood pressure are measured with the person lying down and after 3 minutes of standing. Doctors listen to the heart for signs of an abnormal heart valve or abnormal blood flow. They do a neurologic examination for signs of a stroke.
Some Causes and Features of Fainting
Testing typically is done unless people have an obvious, harmless emotional trigger and otherwise feel well. Doctors choose tests based on the suspected cause.
Electrocardiography (ECG)
Continuous ambulatory ECG (Holter monitor or event recorder)
Measurement of oxygen in the blood (pulse oximetry)
Fingerstick blood sugar measurement
Sometimes ultrasonography of the heart (echocardiography)
Sometimes tilt table testing
Sometimes blood tests
Rarely imaging of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord)
In general, if fainting results in an injury or has happened several times (particularly within a brief period), more intensive evaluation is warranted.
People with suspected heart disorders, including heart attack, abnormal heart rhythm, or heart valve abnormality are usually admitted to the hospital for evaluation.
ECG is done (see Electrocardiography). ECG may show a heart rhythm disturbance or other heart problem but sometimes is normal if the abnormal heart rhythm has resolved. Sometimes doctors admit the person to a hospital to monitor the heart's activity for 24 hours. Less often, doctors may have the person wear a small heart monitor while at home (called continuous ambulatory ECG—see Continuous Ambulatory Electrocardiography). Or, rarely, doctors may implant a recording device under the skin.
Oxygen in the blood is measured. Pulse oximetry is done during or immediately after an episode to identify low levels of oxygen in the blood (which may indicate a blood clot). If the level of oxygen in the blood is low, doctors do computed tomography (CT) or a lung scan to check for a blood clot.
Laboratory tests are done if physical examination findings suggest they are needed. However, all women of childbearing age should have a pregnancy test.
Echocardiography (see Echocardiography and Other Ultrasound Procedures) may be done in people with exercise-induced fainting, heart murmurs, or fainting that occurs with sitting or standing.
Tilt table testing (see Tilt Table Testing) is sometimes done if people have fainting when they stand up. It is also used to evaluate fainting that is caused by exercise if echocardiography or exercise stress testing does not reveal a cause.
Stress testing (see Stress Testing) is done when doctors suspect a heart rhythm disturbance brought on by exercise. It is often done for patients with exercise-induced symptoms.
Electrophysiologic testing (tests that record the electrical activity and electrical pathways of the heart by means of wires passed through blood vessels into the heart—see Electrophysiologic Testing) is sometimes done if other testing does not identify a heart rhythm disturbance in a person with unexplained recurrent episodes of fainting.
Electroencephalography (see Tests for Brain, Spinal Cord, and Nerve Disorders : Electroencephalography) may be done when doctors suspect a seizure.
CT (see Computed Tomography (CT)) and magnetic resonance imaging (see Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)) of the head and brain may be done when doctors suspect a central nervous system disorder.
Specific treatment depends on the cause. For example, people who have fainting caused by an abnormal heart rhythm may need to have a pacemaker and/or defibrillator implanted.
If people see someone faint, they should check whether the person is breathing. If the person is not breathing, bystanders should call for emergency medical assistance and begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR—see First-Aid Treatment), including applying an automated external defibrillator (AED—see Automated External Defibrillator: Jump-Starting the Heart) if one is available. Once the person reaches the hospital, doctors will treat the cause of the fainting with drugs or appropriate measures, such as direct-current cardiac defibrillation to restart the heart or drugs or surgery to open blocked arteries.
A person who is breathing should remain lying down. If the person sits upright too rapidly, fainting may recur.
Essentials for Older People
Older people are particularly susceptible to fainting because blood flow to the brain decreases as people age. The most common cause of fainting in older people is inability of blood pressure to rapidly adjust when the person stands. Blood flow decreases because arteries become more rigid and less able to adjust rapidly, physical inactivity reduces the muscle activity that pushes blood through the veins and back to the heart, and heart disease decreases the effectiveness of blood pumping.
In older people, fainting often has more than one cause. For example, the combination of taking several drugs to treat heart disorders or high blood pressure and standing in a hot church during a long or emotional service may lead to fainting even though no single factor might be enough to cause fainting.
Key Points
Fainting usually results from insufficient blood flow to the brain.
Most causes of fainting are not serious.
Some less common causes are serious or potentially fatal.
If fainting has an apparent trigger (such as strong emotion), is preceded by symptoms (such as light-headedness, nausea, or sweating), and requires a few minutes to recover, it is probably vasovagal syncope and is not serious.
Fainting due to heart rhythm disturbances typically occurs abruptly and with a quick recovery.
Doctors may ask a person who has fainted to restrict driving and operating machinery until the cause of fainting is determined and treated because if the cause is an unrecognized heart disorder, the next manifestation may be fatal.
If fainting is caused by a slow heart rate, a pacemaker may be needed.
Resources In This Article
Drugs Mentioned In This Article
Generic NameSelect Brand Names
quinidineNo US brand name
- Symptoms of Heart and Blood Vessel Disorders
- Overview of Heart and Blood Vessel Symptoms
- Chest Pain
- Dizziness or Light-Headedness When Standing Up
- Fainting
- Limb Pain
- Limitation of Physical Activity
- Palpitations
- Postprandial Hypotension
- Swelling
Was This Page Helpful?
* This is the Consumer Version. *


text: This is such an adorable home nestled in Haddon Township! Ready, Set, Go!! Move in condition. Freshly painted interior, hardwood floors throughout. There is so much storage space with the over-sized closets and the full walk-up attic!! You will love the eat-in kitchen and a very large dining room. The front porch is closed in and a perfect setting for a small office area or game room, there is an enclosed back porch too.This home is in proximity to parks, township public transportation, and all major highways, restaurants and major shopping. Also, enjoy Township Swim Area; Crystal Lake Pool!! This home is being sold in "as is" condition but it also in great condition. This is not a short sale! No disclosure will be available because this is an estate sale. Estate will be responsible for the C/O. This is a great home in excellent condition! Plase do not let the "AS Is" deter your viewing this home!


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Designer of the Year's, Fei Liu's, jewellery are a seamless blend of his Eastern heritage and Western design practice. With a focus on intricate details and a celebration of femininity, Fei Liu creates effortlessly wearable pieces in sterling silver and 18ct gold that are strong, beautiful and full of character.
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Find Hostels all over the World
Obviouzly Armchair Backpackers & Pub, HOSTEL in Cape Town South Africa.
Obviouzly Armchair Backpackers & Pub.
135 Lower Main Road,, Cape Town, South Africa
Located near: Table Mountain 10 km University of Cape Town 4 km Robben Island 12 km V and A Waterfront 8 km Newlands Rugby Stadium 8 km Newlands Cricket Grounds 8 km River Club Golf Course 2 km Cape Town CBD 8km Beaches 12km
Previously a theatrical venue and music venue launching the most successful South African artists, the landmark red giant building is now the home of Obviouzly Armchair Backpackers and Pub - the funky, fun, and cool place to be, retaining the musical and theatrical magic.
We are in the hub of bohem


text:
You scratch my back and I'll scratch yours. That's the vibe in Instagram "pods" — secret communities trying to fight the platform's algorithmic timeline, one like at a time.
In June 2016, Instagram began rolling out its new algorithmic timeline which changed the order of posts in people's feeds, favouring popular posts over chronology. Instagram bloggers have been complaining that it's becoming harder to gain followers organically. Faced with this new challenge, they're fighting back. In pod-form.
"A pod is family of dolphins who live together in harmony and support one another." says photographer Natalie Franke. "The members of your pod become your Instagram family and work to support you as you grow your platform. Think of pods like a group of cheerleaders who help one another on Instagram through likes and meaningful comments." Read more...More about Social Media, Lifestyle, Instagram Model, Bloggers, and Tech


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Free shipping on orders over
$200 within AUS Metro areas!
Air Kayaks Direct is an Aussie online inflatable watercraft store. We'd love to hear from you:
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Hours: 9AM - 6PM, 7 days (AEST)
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Use our Contact Form
Follow us on Instagram
Follow us on Twitter
© 2017 Air Kayaks Direct. ABN 85 188 371 852. All rights reserved.


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Sister Sledge & Jade - We Are Family Ringtone and Alert MP3
Sister Sledge & Jade - We Are Family Ringtone and Alert This Ringtone can be set as Default Ringtone, Alarm Or Assign it to any Contact. And Alert tone can be ...
Sister Sledge We Are Family Marimba Ringtone Remix MP3
We Are Family Marimba Remix for iPhone and Android iPhone Download: Search Samir Tahla We Are Family on iPhone iTunes or click this link from your ...
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Artist : Ringtone ft Christina Shusho. Song : Tenda Wema. Audio Produced By Tebby B. A 5 STAR EMPIRE PRODUCTION.
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Family Guy - Ringtone of Joe Crying MP3
Family Guy - Ringtone of Joe Crying (from Season 6 - Episode 12 - Long John Peter) **Video is not my property**
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Best Vine Compilation of Eh Bee.
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Vine #269 | Eh Bee - When your wife calls but the ringtone is too hot to answer! MP3
Thanks for watching! Subscribe for more! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeseMbJFBQ2olH6cqkboFaw?sub_confirmation=1 May 2015 Vines.
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This preacher at MileHi Church in Lakewood, Colorado gives her interpretation of when Guru Gobind Singh Ji Maharaj, gave hukam to his Sikhs to wear a dastaar.
She says Guru Gobind Singh Ji did this so that the Sikh would stand out amongst thousands, and be recognisable as the figure to go to if you need any help, support, food, water or protection.
Guru Gobind Singh Ji blessed the khalsa with his own image to represent righteousness in a world where humanity was losing it's identity.
We commend this preacher for raising awareness of Sikhs and the dastaar in America, where Sikhs are often victims of racial intolerance.


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A course refers to a specialized study program. It usually takes place on campus but can be delivered online. Courses are popular for people who want to get specific knowledge in one subject.
The Arts refers to programs that focus on intellectual type topics that are not always as straightforward as science and math. Those wishing to play a creative role in contributing to the community would be interested in the arts.
Norway (Norge) is the westernmost, northernmost — and in fact the easternmost — of the three Scandinavian countries. Norway is well known for its amazing and varied scenery. The fjords in the west of the country are long narrow inlets, flanked on either side by tall mountains where the sea penetrates far inland. The ultimate responsibility for the education lies with the Norwegian Ministry of Education and Research.
Kristiansand has the largest campus of the University of Adger which has more than 8000 students. It offers specialization in business, economics, engineering, humanities, mathematics and fine arts. It is the best place for overseas students to acquire quality education.
Request Information Course Studies in Arts in Kristiansand in Norway 2017
During the first year of 3D Film Production you learn the 3D crafts, and the second year teaches you to make captivating 3D films. When producing a 3D film, you will be using software and 3D characters instead of film cameras and actors... [+]
During the first year of 3D Game Design you learn the 3D crafts, and in the second year you learn to develop creative game contents. The course provides insight into the game development industry, from idea to finished product... [+]
Graphic Design is a practical field focusing on creative problem solving using the principles of visual communication. The course is suited for those who want to work with interesting and diverse assignments within print, photography, illustration, web and motion design... [+]
Would you like to work with CAD modelling? As a CAD operator you work on modelling and drawing structures such as buildings, products, or mechanical devices. You work in teams with architects and engineers who are responsible for drafting solutions and calculations... [+]


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Daily Pledge of Allegiance: Jason Knight's 6th grade class – Glenwood Elementary
The Bachman Bernard Family is proud to present the Daily Pledge from our local schools.
Sponsored by:
At the end of the season, there will be a Viewer's Choice Player of the Year Banquet to be held at the Millennium Centre.
The Bachman Bernard Family is proud to present the Daily Pledge from our local schools.
The New Channel 11 Sports Team and Watauga Orthopedics in partnership with Champion Chevrolet celebrated some individual performances Thursd…
Help us select this year's player of the year. The winner will be honored at a banquet later this month.
Noah Arnett rushed for a new school record 405 yards and seven touchdowns
Adams ran wild against the Indians, rushing for 308 yards and 6 touchdowns
Ballard, scored 6 touchdowns against Sullivan Central all in the first quarter.
Maupin threw for 169 yards and a touchdown Friday night, while rushing for 146 yards and three touchdowns.
McClain etched his name in the record books on Friday, rushing for a new school record 339 yards.
Hill carried the ball 44 times, gained almost 250 yards and found the endzone 4 times in a victory over Cocke Co. Friday night.
Trent went 11 of 22 for 322 passing yards, 1 rushing td and 4 passing td's
Sturgill passed for 267 yards and 1 touchdown, he also found the endzone 4 times while rushing.
Lane rushed for 264 yards to go along with 4 touchdowns and 2 interceptions,
Haun finished the game with 215 passing yards and 4 touchdown passes
There is an old saying, "You can never have too many quarterbacks," and that's the case for Tennessee High. This past Friday night, one of t…
Carter rushed for 3 touchdowns, threw for another and accounted for 217 total yards of offense
Williams completed 14 of his 18 passes for 304 yards, throwing for three touchdowns
Jones racked up more than three thousand yards of offense, 36 total touchdowns and 80 tackles on defense.
Toppers Bedard passed for over 300 yards and rushed for almost 100 yards.
Burger has helped lead his team to 5 wins out of the last 6 games.
Mullins had almost 400 yards of total offense while being a part of 5 touchdowns
Day's day consisted of 11 catches for 240 yards and five scores
Jamerson Roberts (Sullivan East): 14 car, 190 yd, 2 TD in 51-22 win over Cloudland


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Temperature and strain measurements obtained during coating of spin-cast borosilicate samples are presented here with an analysis of these results. These tests were performed for the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) project to verify the possible use of sputtering deposition of optical coating on its large diameter primary–tertiary mirror. Made of spin-cast borosilicate glass, the working stress of the mirror's nonpolished surfaces is (), resulting in a local temperature difference limit of . To ensure representative environmental conditions, the tests were performed in the Gemini Observatory coating chamber located in Hawaii, whose design was utilized to develop the LSST coating chamber design. In particular, this coating chamber is equipped with linear magnetrons built with cooled heat shields directly facing the mirror surface. These measurements have demonstrated that it will be safe for the LSST to use a magnetron sputtering process for coating its borosilicate primary–tertiary mirror.
© 2010 Optical Society of AmericaFull Article | PDF Article
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Sunday 24 October 1971
It was Sunday, under the sign of Scorpio. The US president was Richard Nixon (Republican).
Famous people born on this day include Aaron Bailey and Mike Verstegen.
In that special week of October people in US were listening to Maggie May by Rod Stewart.
In UK Maggie May / Reason To Believe by Rod Stewart was in the top 5 hits.
Women in Cages, directed by Gerry de Leon, was one of the most viewed movies released in 1971
while The Day Of The Jackal by Frederick Forsyth was one of the best selling books.
On TV people were watching All'ultimo minuto.
If you liked videogames you were probably playing Computer Space or The Oregon Trail.
But much more happened that day: find out below..
You can also have a look at the whole 1971 or at October 24 across the years.
Old Newspapers
Have a look at the old newspapers from 24 October 1971 and get them!
Which were the most popular movies released in the last 30 days ?
TV Series
Which were the most popular TV series released in the last months ?
Find out your future
Get a FREE Numerology report based on the digits of 24 October 1971!
Wish him/her..
Historical Events
Which were the important events of 24 October 1971 ?
- Also see October 24 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- In The Fellowship of the Ring, by J.R.R. Tolkien, the date is mentioned to Frodo Baggins by Gandalf upon his waking in Rivendell.
- Discordianism - Maladay
- Zambia - Independence Day (1964)
- R.C. Saints - optional memorial of Antonio Maria Claret
- United Nations Day (charter 1945)
Famous Birthdays:
- Aaron Bailey: NFL wide receiver (Indianapolis Colts).
- Mike Verstegen: NFL guard (NO Saints).
- Caprice Bourret: American model and actress.
- Antony Hegarty: English singer-songwriter and pianist (Hercules and Love Affair and Antony and the Johnsons).
- Dervla Kirwan: Irish actress and producer.
Famous Deaths:
- Fernand Quinet: Belgian Composer / conductor (Guerre), dies at 73.
- Chuck Hughes: Detroit Lions' player, collapses during game and later dies.
- Carl Ruggles: American pianist and composer (d. 1971).
- Texas Stadium opens - Dallas Cowboys beat New England Patriots 44-21.
Music Charts
Which were the top hits in that special week of October 1971 ?
Top #10 songs in the USA
- Rod Stewart - Maggie May
- Carpenters - Superstar
- The Osmonds - Yo-Yo
- Cher - Gypsys, Tramps & Thieves
- Joan Baez - The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down
- Lee Michaels - Do You Know What I Mean
- Donny Osmond - Go Away Little Girl
- Stampeders - Sweet City Woman
- Isaac Hayes - Theme From Shaft
- Stevie Wonder - If You Really Love Me
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...and if 24 October 1971 was your Birth Date then Join our Birthday Club!
Make this date unforgettable
Genealogy: find out your family heritage
Magazine Covers
What news were making the headlines those days in October 1971?
- Life: The Brain
- Time: TIME Magazine Cover: John Connally -- Oct. 18, 1971
- SportsIllustrated: Sports Illustrated: no.8251
Which were the most popular books released in the last weeks ?
Remember when
What videogames would you be playing back in the days ?


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HONG KONG – For more than three decades, China's GDP has grown by an average of more than 10% annually. But former Premier Wen Jiabao rightly described this impressive growth performance as "unstable, unbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable," highlighting the many economic, social, and environmental costs and challenges that have accompanied it. Now China must choose between the export-based, investment-driven growth model of the past and a new, more viable economic order.
Cheap credit and perverse incentives – such as promotions for officials who contribute most to GDP growth – have led to massive but redundant investment, which, in turn, has contributed to excess capacity in manufacturing and infrastructure. This model is not only inefficient; channeling government resources to support investment also undermines China's social development.
Given this, China's leaders have decided to stop using GDP growth as the primary criterion for evaluating officials' performance. Indeed, the 12th Five-Year Plan, which extends until 2015, aims to shift China's economy to a new, more sustainable growth model based on quality and innovation, and accepts that annual GDP growth will likely fall to 7% during the transition.
Most discussion of growth models nowadays is based on work by the Nobel laureate Robert Solow. For Solow, GDP growth is determined by the factor inputs of land, labor, and capital, together with the economy's total factor productivity (TFP, or the change in output not accounted for by changes in the volume of inputs, but by factors like technological innovation and institutional reform).


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Jane Wood (born 1943) appeared on Coronation Street in September and November 1981 as Mrs Spencer, whose son John was placed into temporary foster care with Len and Rita Fairclough.
Her other credits include roles in No Hiding Place, Crossroads, Z Cars, South Riding, Emmerdale, Crown Court, The Monocled Mutineer, The House of Eliott, Casualty, Silent Witness, Ultimate Force, The Bill, Holby City, Peaky Blinders and the films The Ragman's Daughter, The 14, Lassiter, She'll Be Wearing Pink Pyjamas, The Raggedy Rawney, Persuasion and Vera Drake.
On stage she has appeared in productions of A Taste of Honey; On Trial; A Sinner in Paradise; Don Quixote; The Prisoner's Pumpkin; A Laughing Matter; Rita, Sue and Bob Too; Eve of Retirement; She Stoops to Conquer; Mrs Steinberg and The Byker Boy and This Story of Ours.


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An iPhone lost and a firewall lesson learnt
Tufin Technologies
: 30 November, 2009
(Technical Article)
Calum Macleod of Tufin Technologies recalls a lost iPhone incident and draws analogies with messing up your firewall settings
It happens in a moment - playing with my mobile before going into a meeting; I put it down for a moment and suddenly my host is standing in front of me. Two hours later I'm desperately searching for my phone. Rush back to reception but it's not there. Here I am in Dubai and my phone is gone! I need to call my provider to block it but the provider's number is in the phone. I have visions of my wife calling and suddenly panicking that the Somali pirates have got me - like the time I forgot to call from Dublin and she's waiting for the ransom demand - still living that one down but that's what happens when you go on a business trip to Dublin the week before Christmas!
My host comes up with all kinds of useful suggestions about who I should call but since my whole life is in that stupid thing I can't remember any numbers. All my contacts, email addresses - like I said my life is in that stupid thing!
All it takes is a small distraction and before you know it you've disconnected your business critical applications. One small change on the firewall or the router and suddenly you're users are disconnected. If you're a service provider just imagine the revenue loss! If you're an airline taking online bookings, or a bank, or any kind of business suddenly you are losing money and/or customers just because of a momentary distraction.
And like my phone, recovering the situation is not necessarily that simple. Logically I could say that my phone was somewhere, but where the somewhere is, is the other question. You would think that if one of your admins made a simple change to a firewall or a router you could just immediately reverse the process, but in reality it is often like looking for a needle in a haystack. Some organizations have hundreds or thousands of rules in their configurations and they are being changed and modified constantly. Maybe even worse they are being changed at weekends when everything is quiet and then the proverbial hits the fan on Monday morning!
Maybe you didn't change anything, you only upgraded to the newest release from your supplier. Only to discover that there are problems because the new release has different defaults to the old release. So how do you now validate your baseline configuration against all the devices that have been upgraded?
And of course someone is always looking to place the blame! I have to say my initial suspicion was that my telephone was in the "careful keeping" of one of the guys at the security desk. Frequently I hear network and security administrators complaining that as soon as something doesn't work the firewall guys are always the first to be accused. Network connectivity problems are some of the most common - and aggravating - for business users. With distributed systems, as soon as an application does not behave as expected, the firewall is suspect. There are many other possible points of failure - the client application, the user's PC, intermediate switches, routers, filters, load balancers and the application itself. But, because of its nature (secretive and designed to keep people out) the firewall is a prime suspect. As a firewall administrator, you are guilty until proven innocent - like my thoughts about the guys at security.
You can of course take the usual approach to "solving the crime". Start to analyze the firewall traffic logs. Contact the user, obtain his IP address and ask him to access the application again. Ideally, this should trigger the connection in question. Then you can review the firewall traffic logs and locate the dropped or accepted packets. How easy this is depends on the tools - unless you have a smart log browser, you may have to work with syslogs. Normally there will be a lot of logs so a filter on the source IP and, if possible, on the destination IP or port will make things easier. But this costs time, money, and above all the user with the problem is not always totally rational in the situation - just ask the guy who was trying to help "this user" find his mobile!
Using a Policy Analysis tool is like having a video of what is actually going on. It simply allows you to create a policy analysis query and you will see exactly where the problem is. Policy Analysis will quickly determine whether the firewalls are allowing the user's traffic or not. If it turns out that the firewall is, in fact, blocking traffic, Policy Analysis will point you to the rule that's causing the problem as well as when it was last changed, and by whom. In fact if there was an equivalent "Lost Phone Analysis Tool" I would have been able to identify exactly who found the phone and where they were at that exact moment.
Providing network security for any organization has become an extremely complex operation involving many infrastructural components and security teams around the world. Regardless of how experienced someone might be it is impossible for them to be constantly up to date on what is going on. At the same time, organizations must comply with rigorous standards of transparency and accountability. Planning, implementing, enforcing and auditing organizational security policies are now business-critical.
Sometimes you happen to be in the right place at the right time and you get lucky. For example if you're ever going to lose your mobile I highly recommend Dubai as the place to do it. It's not everywhere that someone picks up a 16Gb iPhone, calls the last number dialed, drives 50 Km in heavy traffic, and then waits 45 minutes for someone to pick it up. And he didn't even give his name - and my wife never knew!
You just might be lucky and spot the problem on your firewall immediately but the chances of doing so are about as slim as being in Dubai when you lose your mobile!
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The boat is the guided-missile frigate "USS Nicholas," which was in the Pacific Ocean as part of Operation Martillo, the multinational effort against drug smuggling.
The U.S. Southern Command said that crew members of the "Nicholas" pulled bales of cocaine totaling 4,910 pound from the sea during the incident June 4. The action also involved the "U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Sherman" and a Colombian naval vessel.
U.S. Navy and Coast Guard crew members appear to have chased the gofast boat back into Colombian waters where a Colombian patrol boat captured it and its crew.


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Pontiac Grand Prix SJ for Sale
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1977 Pontiac Grand Prix SJ Landau Top
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ISBN: 9789050955003 / 9050955002 Non-Discrimination and Equality in the View of the UN Human Rights Treaty Bodies
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