text:
il C^J s < WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN THE SCHELDT BASIN INTERNATIONAL SCHELDT GROUP (ISG) INTERIM PROGRESS REPORT 1993 Mariene [Ecologie
- Spencer Banks
- 2 years ago
- Views:
1 WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN THE SCHELDT BASIN INTERIM PROGRESS REPORT 1993 Rij] Mariene [Ecologie ^ i r Aalst Mmhamutoo ^ Hasselt Instituut voor Nabnibeboui dek Benoncea Nuurelle» l et de l', Douai l DlICCtlOG de* Ressources NatuxUes et de renviroanemem il C^J s < INTERNATIONAL SCHELDT GROUP (ISG) \,
2 Ministerie van Verkeer en Waterstaat DirectoraatGeneraat Rijkswaterstaat Rijksinstituut voor kust en zee/rikz bibliotheek Postbus EA Middelburg C
3 Water quality management in the Scheldt basin (Interim progress report 1993) International Scheldt Group (ISG) Agence de FEau : Ministère de la Régioo Waïlonne Ministère de ïarégipn de Bruxeilescapitale U^ ^ M i l i h pappj i Instituut voor Natuurbehoud vqor Itusi én Atjthpr;"ijp; 'JUliiiP.A» Safttbeirgen (Rijkswaterstaat» 0irecüe Zeelari<t) : J^P, Vreéke (Rijkswaterstaat, Rijksinstituut vooy Kust en Zee) Cïtation; ïhteniational Scheldt Group (ÏSG). Wat^rflWaUtyKHnnageroent in the Scheldt progress report 1^93>. March, Pages: 129. Report AX/94/013.
4 Summary 1 Introduction In October 1991 the Conseil Interparlementaire Consultatif du Benelux/Raadgevende Interparlementaire Beneluxraad published a report on the river Scheldt (water policy, functions and water quality). In 1992 the memoer countries of the Economie Commission for Europe (ECE) signed the United Nations Helsinki convention on international water management of border crossing river systems. The Scheldt and Meuse riparian states started negotiations on a water treaty in The water management administrations have initiated the International Scheldt Group (ISG), This interim progress report is the account of the ISG activities in The ISG objectives in 1993 were: * A joint inventory of available data on water management organization, communal and industrial water pollution, water quality, waste water treatment efforts and investments in the Scheldt basin. The setup of an information database and presentation system for the Scheldt basin * The data collection and analysis to make recommendations on the establishment of ah integrated management approach in the Scheldt basin, Tp build on the present working relationships between the water management administrations in the Scheldt basin. The participating water management administrations are: Agence de 1'Eau ArtoisPicardie (NorthFrance) Direction Générale des Ressources Naturelles et de 1'Environnement (Wallonia) Administration des Ressources Naturelles et de PEnvironnement (Brussels) Vlaamse Milieumaatschappij (Flanders) Instituut voor Natuurbehoud (Flanders) Rijkswaterstaat, Directie Zeeland (The Netherlands) Rijkswaterstaat, Rijksinstituut voor Kust en Zee (The Netherlands) Centrum voor Estuariene en Mariene Ecologie (CEMO) 2 Description of the study area The river Scheldt takes its rise in NorthFrance, nearby GouyleCatelet, just north of SaintQuentin. The river, which is about 350 km long, flows through France, Wallonia, Flanders and the Netherlands and debouches in the North Sea between Vlissingen and Breskens. Downstream of Gent the estuarine part is situated (length: 160 Km); this part consists of a fresh water, a brackish and a salt water zone.
5 The Scheldt basin, as studied in this project, has the following borders: the North Sea and the river Yser basin in the west; the coastal river basins in the southwest; the basins of the rivers Meuse and Rhine in the southwest, the east and the north, The Scheldt and the tributaries are lowland river systems. Characteristics of these river systems are low current velocities and meandering. Water management administrations canalized large parts of the watercourses for shipping purposes and the surface water distribution. More than 250 locks and sluices form artificial junctions between watercourses. The river Scheldt basin includes several canals that flow in or out the basin. The total surface of the Scheldt basin is 23,000 km 2 divided among France (33%, Wallonia (19%), Brussels (1%), Flanders (63%) and the Netherlands (4%). Eleven millions people live in the basin. In the Scheldt basin the authorities and water management organizations use several hydrographic and administrative divisions. Within the division in hydrographic subbasins, as used by the Vlaamse Milieumaatschappij, the emphasis lies on the river Scheldt and her main tributaries: HautEscaut/BovenSchelde Lys/Leie Dendre/Dender Senne/Zenne Dyle/Dijle Demer Nete BovenZeeschelde BenedenZeeschelde Kanaal GentTerneuzen Westerschelde The authorities and water management organizations also use divisions in administrative area. These areas are: the zones El, E2 and E3 (NorthFrance); the Brussels Region (Brussels); the intercommunales IPALLE, IDEA and IBW (Wallonia); the AWPII basins (Flanders); the waterschappen WS20 till WS25 (The Netherlandsi. There is hardly any information available on the water distribution in the Scheldt basin. There is no or little communication between the administrations that collect hydrographic data of the river Scheldt and its tributaries. There are big differences between summer and winter periods. In dry, summer periods surface water of the rivers Lys and Scheldt is diverted to the coastal area since Consequently, the mean annual flow rates of the
6 HautEscaut and the Lys are lower since then. Approximately 65% of the surface water in the Scheldt basin upstream from Gent is diverted to the North Sea via canals. Fresh water is essential for the "survival" of the Scheldt estuary with the fresh, brackish and salt intertidal areas. If more fresh water will be diverted, the Scheldt estuary will salt. The high number of habitants, the high degree of industrialization and the agricultural use of a big part of the area mean a considerable burden to the aquatic ecosystems in the Scheldt basin. The water quality management problems are comparable in the different parts of the Scheldt basin: * Iow;grpün4water and ;surface water levels * poüüöpr p t ground* and surface w&ter * iris^fficjënt waste jyater tre * thé management of transboundary water&ursés sediinent contaminatipn Generally, from source to mouth the emphasis of the problems shifts from the surface water tot the bottom sediment. In the Scheldt estuary the main specific problems are: thep^$^?hj * the erpsiön óf tidal flats and shores!* the r?düct{ön of the freshwater strearotö the estuary 3 Water quality management organization 3.1 France In France nine ministries carry out different aspects of environmental protection and management. The Ministry of Environmental Affairs coordinates the activities of the different ministries. This ministry has not a large decentralized apparatus. Therefore, it is partly dependant on the civil servants of the other ministries. The regions, the departments and the municipalities play also roles in the water manage ment organization. Because the responsibilities on water management are divided over many administrations, the coordination of the activities is a complex matter. The basin approach with the Basin Committees on the one hand (water policy) and the Basin Water Agencies (executive tasks) on the other hand is a good step in the direction of an integrated water management approach. Because all kinds of groups of interests participate in the river basin contracts, these contracts could also be a good basis for an integrated management approach.
7 The civil servants that are responsible for the environmental permitting, are also responsible for the control tasks. There are too less inspectors to control the discharge permit prescriptions. The administrations involyed are responsible for both environmental permitting and the stimulation of the industrial and agricultural development. The industrial water pollution tax rates are based on discharged amounts which are calculated (production processes). Compared with the Fifth Action Programme, the Agence de TEau ArtoisPicardie doubled its budget. Approximately 230 millions ECU's will be invested in the Scheldt basin between 1992 and Brussels The Administration des Ressources naturelles et de renvironnement is responsible for the technicaj and administrative aspects of water management, including environmental permitting and monitoring of surface and groundwater quality. The Brussels Instituut voor Milieubeheer develops the water policiy for the Brussels Region. Since the lth of November a new integrated environmental permit system is in force, based on the Flemish VLAREMregulation. A tax system for industrial discharges is in force since the end of Due to the big number of smaïl industries it is impossible for the Brussels water management administration to control these all regularly. The bigger companies have to monitor their own waste water streams: a system of selfcontrol, Between 1992 and two thousand, 500 millions ECU's will be invested in water quality management. The Brussels Region planned two waste water treatment plants, with a total designcapacity of 1,500,000 habitantequivalents. This capacity will be sufficient for the communal waste water treatment of the one million habitants in the Brussels Region. The overcapacity will be used for the treatment of industrial waste water (500,000 pollutionequivalents). 3.3 WaUonia In Wallonia one large ministry integrates different aspects of environmental management, including water quality policy and management. Until 1996 the Direction of Natural Sources and the Environment makes an annual report about the condition of the environment. The 1995 report will describe the water quality, the water management organization and the industrial sectors. The "Decree concerning the protection of surface water against pollution" gives the regimentation on environmental permitting. This regimentation is based on the European Union guidelines and includes general and sectoral waste water discharge standards. The individual industrial discharge permits do not include technical prescriptions for pollution prevention and waste water treatment. There is no systematic organization of permit control activities. The start of a new industry requires a discharge permit, including the strongest standards. Due to the bad socialeconomic circumstances, it is more difficult to change the discharge conditions for existing companies. The present tax system for the discharges of communal and industrial waste water is based on BOD and COD.
8 In the period the Wallonian Region will invest 239 millions ECU's in the building of waste water treatment plants and collector networks in the Scheldt basin. 3.4 Flanders The Departement voor Leefmilieu en Infrastructuur (Department of Ënvironmental Affairs and Infrastructure) of the Flemish Region, has the administrative and technical responsibi Uty for the water quality management in Flanders. The Vlaamse Milieumaatschappij (VMM) is responsible for the waste water treatment policy in Flanders. AQUAFIN exploits and itnproves existing waste water treatment plants and collector networks. AQUAFIN also builds and exploits new waste water treatment infrastructure. The principle of the basin committees is a good example of the integrated water management approach. The ënvironmental permitting in Flanders is mainly based on the "Law on the protection of surface waters against pollution" and the Flemish Ënvironmental Permitting Regimentation (VLAREM). There is an insufficient organization on the ënvironmental permitting and control activities, Since 1991 there is publicity of ënvironmental permits. In Flanders all waste water discharge categories have to pay a tax. A distinguishment is made between ciüzens and industries that use small consumption water amounts (less than 500 m 3 a year), and citizens and industries that use large consumption water amounts (more than 500 m* a year). The tax rate for the "small users" is based on the measured water consumption. The tax rate for the "large users" is based on the discharged pollution amounts. Therefore, the Vlaamse Milieumaatschappij analyses the industrial waste water streams. In 1991 the VMM analysed the waste water streams of one thousand industries in Flanders. If analysis data are not available, the VMM estimates the number of pollutionequivalents, based on the production processes. The Flemish Executive invests 1096 millions ECU's in new waste water treatment infrastructure in the period In the period the hydrographic subbasins of the BovenSchelde, Dender, Leie, Nete and Demer have the highest priority. 3.5 The Netherlands The water management (qualitatively and quantitatively) of the national watercourses like the Westerschelde is the task of the Rijkswaterstaat. The Third National Policies Document on Water Management (NW3; 1989) describes the guidelines of the Dutch water management. The Evaluation Document on Water Management (1993) shows the first results of the NW3, and includes additional measures and financial investments until In the Netherlands the water management is based on an integrated approach to establish sustainable functioning water systems in a way that the interests of all the users of the water systems can be respected: today and tomorrow. Therefore, Rijkswaterstaat takes measures on:
9 the pollution prqyention and reduction the sanitation of contaminated sediments * the management and deyelopmgnt of intertidajargas[afld * the; genera! ^fer: systéms ifistoration and thé watet:di«tdtjüöott One instrument is the target group policy. This means that govemmental administrations and industries can draw up convenants and intention declarations to tackle environmental problems by a joint, coordinated approach. Water quality and emission aspects are part of these agreements. An example of the integrated water system approach is the Policy Document for the Westerschelde (1991). This document includes an integrated water management programme especially for the Westerschelde. The Law on the Pollution of Surface Waters (WVO; 1970) contains the legislation framework on the environmental pernütting. Socalled General Govemmental Measures (Algemene Maatregelen van Bestuur; AMvB's) and ministerial regulations work out the guidelines of this law. The Law Environmental Management (Wet Milieubeheer; 1992) is the new Dutch law that will integrale all environmental laws in future. The civil servants of Rijkswaterstaat and the Inspectors of Environmental Hygiëne and the Environmental Police control the WVO permit prescriptions. There is a WVO contact team that carries out routine control activities and an annual control action. The contact team inventories the number of offenders of the WVO. Between 10 and 20% of the industries offend the WVO. Each person, organization or industry that discharge waste water to surface water or a sewage system has to pay a tax. The tax rate is based on the amounts of discharged oxygen substances and heavy metals in a management area and the costs that the managers have to make. The tax system includes two principles: "the polluter pays" and the "interestpaymentinfluence." In the period Rijkswaterstaat Division Zeeland will invest 19.8 millions ECU's in the Westerschelde. Until 1998 Rijkswaterstaat will evaluate and improve the financial water management organization in the Netherlands. Therefore in 1990 and 1991 the Research Committee Water Management Finance System (= Committee Zevenbergen) analysed the major bottlenecks and did proposals for the improvement of the financial organization. 4 ScheldtGIS In 1993 the National Institute for Coastal and Marine Management of the Dutch Rijkswaterstaat has setup the ScheldtGIS. ISG uses the ScheldtGIS as a medium for the data storage, linkage, analysis and presentation. The participants collect the data and decide which questions shouid be answered by means of the ScheldtGIS. The participants also will decide the future objectives and products of the ScheldtGIS. If 8
10 the participants choose one option, the financial consequences have to be discussed. Each administration should think about the advantages of a ScheldtGIS in relation with its activities and in relation with an integrated water management approach in the river Scheldt basin. The possible 1994 options are: 1 One administration makes oniy a database and takes care of the updating of the database, The ISG participants get the database and wilt make Üieir own products and applications.. The ScheldtGIS is used as a database. The ISG participants define the products lijke reports, maps and tables, One administration manages the system and delivers the prbdücts, The ScheldtGIS is used as a database. The ISG participants define the prodücts lifee reports» maps, tables and (pc*)application$, One administration manages the system and delivers the prodücts and applications. The ScheldtGIS is introduced at the participating administrations. Each admïnisiration deflnes and makes its own products ^nd applications, besides the joint products and applications. One administration takes care of the updating of the databases aad the deuverance of joint products and applications. 5 Emissions in the Scheldt basin 5.1 Waste water treatment plants If the Scheldt riparian states carry out their investments programmes, in 2000 the average available designcapacity in the whole Scheldt basin could be sufficient to treat the waste waters of the eleven millions habitants (biodegradable substances). This conclusion can only be drawn if no industries will be connected to the communal waste water treatment plants and if the total treatment infrastructure (including sewage systems and collector networks) will be sufficient. If some industries stay connected to the communal waste water treatment plants, the required designcapacity is much higher. Until 1991 in all riparian states the emphasis lied on the treatment of biodegradable substances. Between 1992 and 2000 investments will also be made on denitriphication and dephosphatation NorthFrance In the French part of the Scheldt basin (area El, E2 and E3) there are 136 waste water treatment plants available with a total designcapacity of 3,358,400 habitantequivalents (situation 1991). This capacity could be sufficient to treat 88% of the communal waste
11 water. Especially in area E3 (la Lys et la Deule) there is a lack of waste water treatment plants. Due to insufficient investments in the collector networks the equipment can not be used completely. As a result in 1990 only 46% of the communal pollution was eliminated. In the period the total designcapacity in the French part of the Scheldt basin will increase with approximately 900,000 habitantequivalents. Until 1991 the emphasis has lied on the treatment of organic and suspended matter. Therefore the majority of the available waste water treatment plants has not the equipment for the elimination of nitrogen and phosphorus. One of the main problems is that some industries are also connected to the communal waste water treatment plants. Accidental discharges and strong fluctuations in the influent can cause damage and disfunctioning of treatment plants. In the period the mean treatment percentages for the parameters MO, MA an MeS (treatment plants with a designcapacity > 10,000 habitantequivalents) were respectively 75%, 40% and 87%. In the periods and the French government made large investments on waste water treatment infrastructure. In the period the empasis lies on the development and exploitation of sewage systems, the connection of householdings to sewage systems, the expansion of the available designcapacity and denitriphication and dephosphatation Brussels At this moment there are no communal waste water treatment plants in the Brussels Region. Therefore the waste waste water of the householdings is not treated, although more than 95% of the habitants have been connected to a sewage system. In 2000 two treatment plants will be operational with a total designcapacity of 1,500,000 habitantequivalents. This capacity will be sufficient to treat both communal (1,000,000 habitantequivalents) and industrial (± 500,000 pollutionequivalents) waste water WaUonia In the Wallonian part of the Scheldt basin there are 57 waste water treatment plants available with a total designcapacity of 992,475 habitantequivalents (situation 1991). This capacity could be sufficient for the treatment of 91.7% of the communal waste water. In the period the designcapacity will increase with 661,400 habitantequivalents. The available designcapcity in 1996 in the area IBW and IDEA could be sufficient for the communal waste water treatment. In the IPALLE area more equipment will be required. Until 1991 the emphasis has lied on the treatment of biodegradable substances. At none of the operational treatment plants the technical equipment is available for denitriphication and/or dephosphatation. One of the main problems is the connection of industries to communal waste water treatment plants. In the periods and the Wallonian government made large investments in waste water treatment infrastructure. In the period investments will 10
12 be made in the building and adaptation of treatment plants and collector networks. A number of small plants will be replaced by bigger ones. At four plants the technical equipment will be instalied for the denitriphication and/or dephosphatation Flanders In the Flemish part of the Scheldt basin 87 communal waste water treatment plants are operational with a total designcapacity of 3,222,960 habitantequivalents (situation 1991). This capacity could be sufficient for 62.6% of the required capacity. At 46 plants industrial waste water is also treated. The mean sewage percentage is 76%. Due to a lack of collector networks only 21% of the communal waste water is treated. In the period the designcapacity will increase with 976,635 habitantequivalents. The availble capacity in 1995 could be sufficient for 81.3% of the required designcapacity. At 12 of the planned treatment plants denitriphication and/or dephosphatation equipment will be instalied. In the period the mean treatment efficiencies of BOD, COD, NH4+, Ptotal, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, Ag, Zn, Hg and Cd respectively were 85%, 74%, 45%, 48%, 36%, 33%, 46%, 11%, 18%, 45%, 5% and 12% The Netherlands In the Dutch part of the Scheldt basin there are 24 communal waste water treatment plants available with a total designcapacity of 966,600 habitantequivalents (situation 1991). This capacity is sufficient to treat the waste water of the 598,935 habitantequivalents. The mean sewage percentage is 93%. The overcapacity is sufficient to treat both communal and industrial waste water. There are no planned treatment plants in the Dutch part of the Scheldt basin. The mean treatment percentages of the parameters BOD, Ntotal and Ptotal (period ) of the treatment plants around the Westerschelde were respectively 9598%, 26 79% and 4486%. In the periods and large investments were made on the waste water treatment infrastructure. Untü 1998 the emphasis lies on the optimalization of the available plants and the denitriphication and dephosphatation activities. 5.2 Industrial enrission sources Within the inventory the emphasis lies on the industries that are responsible for 90% of the emissions in a management area. One of the objectives is to make a distinguishment between industrial and communal discharged amounts. The available Information gives only a first, global impression. No information is available on the relations between emissions and water quality NorthFrance In NorthFrance the discharged amounts are calculated, based on production process tables for the different industrial sectors. The Agence de 1'Eau provided data (1990) on the parameters MO (= (COD + 2BOD)/3)
13 and MA (= organic nitrogen + ammonia nitrogen). Respectively 166 and 108 industries cause 90% of the average discharged amounts of MA and MC) (108,349 kg/day and 12,245 kg/day). Bighty percent of the amounts is discharged in area E3 (la Lys et la Deule). In this area cities Uke Tourcoing, Roubaix and Lille are siluated. No information is available on the discharged amounts by treatment plants Brussels No information is available on the of the industrial emissions in the Brussels Region, Wallonia The Direction Générale des Ressources Naturelles et de renvironnement makes an inventory of the main emission sources. This inventory includeni the parameters of the black and grey European Union lists. Relations between discharges and water quality will also be studied. The DGRNE asked the industries to make a survey of the historical and present discharge situation. Prognoses until 1996 will be made. No information is available on the discharged amounts by communal waste water treatment plants Flanders In 1991 the Vlaamse Milieumaatschappij started with the emission monitoring programme. At 1,225 of the 4,000 industries the VMM took waste water samples. The monitored parameters are: flow rate, COD, BOD, SM, Ntotal, Ptotal, Ag, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn. The 1991 inventory gives only a first global impression of the discharged amounts. The VMM will improve the monitoring programme The Netherlands The survey includes industries around the Westerschelde and the Kanaal GentTemeuzen that have to report discharge data to Rijkswaterstaat Division Zeeland. The data of these industries are stored in the WIER database. Rijkswaterstaat compares the provided data with the results of its own monitoring activities and makes an annual emission report. The data are used as input for the SAWES model (= System Analysis WESterschelde). The Volkerak/Zoommeer and its catchment area are also part of the study area. The influence of the Volkerak/Zoommeer catchment area is monitored at the ouüet of the Batshe Spuikanaal to the Westerschelde. 6. Water quality monttoring in the Scheldt basin The basis water quality objecttves of Flanders and the Netherlands and the category I objectives of France are the most severe water quality standards in the Scheldt basin. Therefore these will be used to describe the water quality. it should be emphasized that these objectives refer to a mtnimnm ecological water quality level (!). From the parameters which are part of the North Sea Action Programme, only phosphorus and nitrogen are monitored in all Scheldt riparian states (1). The parameters which are monitored in all Scheldt riparian states are: PO4P, Ptot, SM, dissolved oxygen, BOD5, 12
14 NH4N, KjN, NO2N, NO3N and conductivity. No infonnation is available about the monitoring programme in the Brussels Region. In the French part of the Scheldt basin (area El, E2 and 3) 87 water quality monitoring localities have been selected. Thirteen parameters were monitored regularly (6 or 12 times a year) in 1990 and 1991: ph, conductivity, SM, BOD, COD, dissolved oxygen, oxygen saturation percentage, NH4N, N02N, N03N, KjN, PO4P and Ptot. Although toxic substances are part of the tax system, heavy metals and organic micropollutants have not been included in the water quality monitoring programme. In the Wallonian part of the Scheldt basin 26 localities have been selected. The number of monitored parameters per locality depends on the water quality objectives of the monitored watercourse. Generally the parameters are monitored five times a year. There are three stations at the WallonianFrench border: HautEscaut at Bléharies, respierres at LeersNord and la Lys at Warneton. At these stations the parameters are monitored twelve times a year. In la Haine an automatic monitoring station will be operational in 1994 (frequency: once per two months). ISO selected 82 monitoring localities of the the physicalchenücal monitoring programme of the Vlaamse Milieumaatschappij. At the majority of the localities the VMM monitors a set of basic (general) parameters with a frequency of 810 times a year: temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, COD, NH3N, N02N, NO3N, PO4P, chloride, conductivity, Ptotal and ph. For a selected number of localities the parameters BOD, KjN, sulphates and SM are added. The VMM monitors heavy metals only at localities in the vicinity of industrial discharges and in the vicinity of the country borders. The monitoring programme of the VMM is a relatively new one and still in development. ISG selected 19 monitoring localities in the Dutch part of the Scheldt basin. The Dutch routine monitoring programme includes the PARCOM parameters. The monitoring frequency is twelve times a year at almost all localities. At the DutchBelgian border the monitoring frequency is 24 times a year. In general there is a shift from chemical to biological monitoring. Since January 1993 the activities of the physicalchemical and the biological monitoring programmes are fully integrated. It would be a good thing to monitor continuously at the DutchBelgian border (Schaar van Ouden Doel). At this locality the improvement of the water quality as a result of the investments in waste water treatment infrastructure could possibly be monitored in the forthcoming years. The average oxygen concentrations in the Lys, the Scheldt (from the FrenchWaUonian border to the FlemishDutch border), the Zenne and the Kanaal GentTerneuzen were very low (< 5 mg/l) both in 1990 and The situation in the Demer was better in 1991: at four localities (from Lessines to just downstream of Aalst) the oxygen concen 13
15 tration changed from < 5 to > 5 mg/l. River Scheldt tributaries like the Scarpe, the Spiere, the Zwalm, the Dorpsloop, the Rupel, the Barbierbeek and the Grote Schijn have an average oxygen concentration below 5 mg/l. In general the BOD contents in the Scheldt basin are very high. In the rivers Scheldt (from source to the FlemishDutch border), the Lys, the major parts of the Scarpe, the Dender, the Zenne, the Spiere, the Demer, the Dijle and the Nete ïocalities are found where the BOD contents are between the 6 and 500 mg/l. Except in the Scheldt estuary, almost no efforts are made on the inventory and sanitation of contaminated water bottoms. Prof, dr. Wollast provided information on the use of sediments as monitoring tooi for studies of sediments. 7. ISG objectives and activities in 1994 During the last meeting of ISG in 1993 the participants agreed on the 1994 objectives and actions. The ISG objectives in 1994 are: I on mcom management, emissïons, water quality» sediment quabty» water dlstribu updating and expansion of the SeheWKHS: an information databank and presentation system for the Scheldt basin. the collection of information that is needed for the both 14FB projects on the...,! m Ünicm. Advice: recommendations on <he 14
16 In 1994 ISG will give the hïghest priority to the following activities: The inventory of communal and industrial emission soorcesi is continued. The inyentory is extetided with diffuse emission sourees and extreme events, The emphasis will lie on the relations between emission sources and water quaïityr Recommendations will be made on the inventory methods and the analysis of the data. A proposal is made on the setup of a stnall intercalibration programme and a joint water quality momwing programme, Sïmilarittes and diffefrences in the sampüng and analysis methods are summarized. Monitoring localities are $elece<j and Xhp mohitored parameters and freqency aïe discus^d. The effects of IhVestments and measüres in thé Scheldi ba#n wijj b0 Studie4 mare in detail, A comparison of instruments and tax systems wil be made, The enytrönmental tefficicehcy of üivestments, measüres and instrumeats wili be studied. A workgroup of information specïalists will inventory the possibiutiés fór the implementation of a ScheldtGIS at the water management administrations in the Scheldt riparian states. Thé advantages and disadvantages of the possible future objectives and activities Oike the distribution of information) will be dtscussed. Thé description of the water quality will be extended wtth tnaps of th^ parameters óf the NorthSea Aqüons Programme (1990, 1091 and 1992); A invéntory will pe made ofthe quality, policy, management and sanitation èfforts of contaminated sedïments. A list is made of inyolved administrations a^d research insututes; A special workgiroup wiu make a Déscriptiön of the Ecology öf the Scheldt baiih (DES), 15
17 Contente Summary 3 Contents ïntroduction Background ISG objectives Participating administrations Reader Description of the study area The Scheldt basin Hydrographic subbasins in the Scheldt basin HautEscaut/BovenSchelde Lys/Leie Dendre/Dender Senne/Zenne Dyle/Dijle Demer Nete BovenZeeschelde BenedenZeeschelde Kanaal GentTerneuzen Westerschelde Canals in the Scheldt basin Water distribution in the Scheldt basin Water management problems in the Scheldt basin Water quality management organization NorthFrance Organization Environmental permitting Environmental tax system Investments Brussels Organization Environmental permitting Environmental tax system Investments Wallonia Organization Environmental permitting 48 16
18 3.3.3 Environmental tax system Investments Flanders Organization Environmental permitting Environmental tax system Investments The Netherlands Organization Environmental permitting Environmental tax system Investements Short analysis water management Scheldt basin NorthFrance Brussels Wallonia Flanders The Netherlands ScheldtGIS Introduction GISdefinition and objectives Framework of ScheldtGIS Hardware/software Geographic and thematic databases Output/results ScheldtGIS Emissions in the Scheldt basin Introduction Waste water treatment plants NorthFrance Wallonia Brussels Flanders The Netherlands Industrial emission sources NorthFrance Wallonia Brussels Flanders The Netherlands
19 6. Water quality monitoring in the Scheldt basin Introduction Water quality objectives Monitoring programmes NorthFrance Wallonia Brussels Flanders The Netherlands Water quality in the Scheldt basin (1990 and 1991) Oxygen concentrations BOD contents Conclusions, discussion and future actlvities Introduction Description of the study area Water quality management organization NorthFrance Brussel Wallonia Flanders The Netherland ScheldtGIS Emissions in the Scheldt basin Waste water treatment plants NorthFrance Brussels Wallonia Flanders The Netherlands Industrial emission sources NorthFrance Brussels Wallonia Flanders The Netherlands Water quality monitoring in the Scheldt basin Monitoring programmes and objectives Water quality (1990 and 1991) ISG objectives and activities in Literature
20 /. Introduction
FINAL IC/24 February 2000 Recommendation concerning the Treatment of Municipal Waste Water
FINAL IC/24 February 2000 Recommendation concerning the Treatment of Municipal Waste Water 2 Recommendation concerning the Treatment of Municipal Waste Water The Commission, recalling Paragraph 1 of ArticleMore information
Water Management in the Netherlands
Water Management in the Netherlands Eric Boessenkool Senior Advisor to the Management Board of RIjkswaterstaat Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment New ministry since end of 2010 Merger of MinistryMore information
Sediment and Dredged Material Management - Relevance and Objectives 18 September 2003
- Relevance and Objectives 1. Scope of the Dutch German Exchange (DGE) The Netherlands and Germany have large river systems such as Danube, Rhine, Meuse, Elbe, Weser and Ems, which have important hydrologicalMore information
TOUR DE TABLE CANADA NATO/CCMS Pilot Study Prevention and Remediation In Selected Industrial Sectors: SEDIMENTS Presented by Lisa Keller, P. Eng. Environment Canada June 20, 2007 Outline Contaminated SitesMore information
Official Journal of the European Communities. (Acts whose publication is obligatory)
22.12.2000 L 327/1 I (Acts whose publication is obligatory) DIRECTIVE 2000/60/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the fieldMore information
Water Quality in the Fluvial Section
WATER SHORELINES SEDIMENTS Water Quality in the Fluvial Section Physicochemical and Bacteriological Parameters 3rd Edition Background The St. Lawrence River is the largest river in Quebec. It is crucialMore information
Sewerage Management System for Reduction of River Pollution
Sewerage Management System for Reduction of River Pollution Peter Hartwig Germany Content page: 1 Introduction 1 2 Total emissions 3 3 Discharge from the wastewater treatment plants 4 4 Discharge fromMore information
Government Decree on Water Resources Management
NB: Unofficial translation; legally binding texts are those in Finnish and Swedish Ministry of the Environment, Finland Government Decree on Water Resources Management (1040/2006) Given in Helsinki onMore information
Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Jennong-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea.
WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT FOR ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION IN ANYANG STREAM Yu, M.J., Cho, Y.M. 2, Lee, S.K. 3 Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Jennong-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea. 2 DepartmentMore information
Observatory monitoring framework indicator data sheet
Observatory monitoring framework indicator data sheet Environmental impact: Water Indicator DA3: Nitrate and phosphate levels in rivers The EU Water Framework Directive has resulted in the need to changeMore information
Mekong River transboundary water quality monitoring (learnings from a case study)
RESEAU INTERNATIONAL DES ORGANISMES DE BASSIN INTERNATIONAL NETWORK OF BASIN ORGANIZATIONS 7EME ASSEMBLEE GENERALE MONDIALE DU 07 AU 09 JUIN 2007 A DEBRECEN (HONGRIE) Mekong River transboundary water qualityMore information
NAMWA: A new integrated river basin information system
Ministerie van Verkeer en Waterstaat Rijkswaterstaat Rijksinstituut voor Integraal Zoetwaterbeheer en Afvalwaterbehandeling/RIZA NAMWA: A new integrated river basin information system RIZA rapport 2004.032More information
Freshwater WASTEWATER TREATMENT Water Quality 1. INDICATOR (a) Name: Wastewater treatment. (b) Brief Definition: Proportion of wastewater that is treated, in order to reduce pollutants before being dischargedMore information
Case study: Trans-National Monitoring Network: A transboundary long-term monitoring in the Danube River basin (#390)
Case study: Trans-National Monitoring Network: A transboundary long-term monitoring in the Danube River basin (#390) Description The Danube River basin shared by 18 countries has a long-standing historyMore information
Data management, interpretation and diffusion in Austria
Data management, interpretation and diffusion in Austria by Mediterranean Joint Process; Safir Heliopolitan Hotel, 1 Austria / Europe Umweltbundsamt GmbH the expert authority for environmental protectionMore information
REPORT. Projects related to the implementation of the Work-Programme
REPORT Projects related to the implementation of the Work-Programme on the Conservation and Enhancement of Biological and Landscape Diversity in Forest Ecosystems 1997 2000 BELGIUM Walloon Region ContentsMore information
6.11.2007 Official Journal of the European Union L 288/27 DIRECTIVES
6.11.2007 Official Journal of the European Union L 288/27 DIRECTIVES DIRECTIVE 2007/60/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 23 October 2007 on the assessment and management of flood risksMore information
The ECN Concept for Quality Assurance of Compost
The ECN Concept for Quality Assurance of Compost The ECN Quality Assurance Scheme 1 Targets and Structure of ECN-QAS 2 Quality Assurance Organisations 3 The ECN-QAS for Compost The ECN - Quality AssuranceMore information
UK ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS AND CONDITIONS (PHASE 1) Final report. April 2008
UK Technical Advisory Group on the Water Framework Directive UK ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS AND CONDITIONS (PHASE 1) Final report April 2008 (SR1 2006) Final Table of Contents LIST OF TABLES...3 SECTION 1More information
Guidance Document for Sediment Assessment
Guidance Document for Sediment Assessment Methods to determine to what extent the realization of water quality objectives of a water system is impeded by contaminated sediments Date 4 November 2010 StatusMore information
Basin Management to Protect Ecosystem Health - Lessons from Estonia- Russian Cooperation
Basin Management to Protect Ecosystem Health - Lessons from Estonia- Russian Cooperation Harry Liiv, Member of the Estonian-Russian Transboundary Water Commission General overview Estonia borders withMore information
Recovery of full cost and pricing of water in the Water Framework Directive
Abstract Recovery of full cost and pricing of water in the Water Framework Directive D. Assimacopoulos Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, NTUA The Water Framework Directive (EC 2000/60) introducesMore information
Program of the study tour in the Netherlands. for. Delegations from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Romania, Serbia and Montenegro
Program of the study tour in the Netherlands for Delegations from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Romania, Serbia and Montenegro ACCESS TO INFORMATION AND PUBLIC PARTICIPATION within the EUROPEANMore information
Published in "Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia" No. 67/2004 LAW ON AMBIENT AIR QUALITY I. GENERAL PROVISIONS
Published in "Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia" No. 67/2004 LAW ON AMBIENT AIR QUALITY I. GENERAL PROVISIONS Article 1 Subject of regulation (1) This Law shall regulate the measures for avoidance,More information
Economic Importance of Water Uses Illustration of the Artois-Picardie Basin
An international Exchange of Experience Economic Analysis according to the WFD: Status of Implementation Arnaud Courtecuisse Artois-Picardie Water Authority Economic Importance of Water Uses IllustrationMore information
Management of the Neman River basin with account of adaptation to climate change
Management of the Neman River basin with account of adaptation to climate change Progress of the pilot project since February, 2011 Vladimir Korneev, Central Research Institute for Complex Use of WaterMore information
TOBERMORY SEWAGE LAGOON Annual Report January 1 to December 31, 2013 Prepared by: David Trombley Process & Compliance Technician Ontario Clean Water Agency West Highlands Hub March 31, 2014 Ministry ofMore information
GUIDELINES FOR LEACHATE CONTROL The term leachate refers to liquids that migrate from the waste carrying dissolved or suspended contaminants. Leachate results from precipitation entering the landfill andMore information
Transboundary river contract Semois/Semoy in France and Wallonia
Transboundary river contract Semois/Semoy in France and Wallonia Jérôme LOBET Dr. Francis ROSILLON Département des Sciences et Gestion de l Environnement B 6700 Arlon Avec la participation du FEDER WebMore information
6 Chemicals from human settlements
6 Chemicals from human settlements 6.1 Introduction The world is becoming increasingly urban, particularly in developing countries. The transition of people from rural areas to cities represents a major,More information
Water Management. in the Seine-Normandy River Basin District
Water Management in the Seine-Normandy River Basin District Organisation of water policy Action programmes designed At international level There are about thirty conventions which impose a number of obligationsMore information
WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE TURKISH COASTAL SITES OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA The Mediterranean region, due to its climatic and geographical features, has been the home of many civilizations throughout history.More information
FLOOD RISK AND SURFACE WATER DRAINAGE ASSESSMENT HILLHOUSE RESTORATION SITE, OFF JAMESON ROAD, THORNTON CLEVELEYS ON BEHALF OF NPL ESTATES Integra Consulting Engineers Limited NS / 2543 Fountain HouseMore information
CONVENTION ON THE PROTECTION AND USE OF TRANSBOUNDARY WATERCOURSES AND INTERNATIONAL LAKES. done at Helsinki, on 17 March 1992
CONVENTION ON THE PROTECTION AND USE OF TRANSBOUNDARY WATERCOURSES AND INTERNATIONAL LAKES done at Helsinki, on 17 March 1992 The Parties to this Convention, PREAMBLE Mindful that the protection and useMore information
SAMPLE CHAPTERS UNESCO EOLSS SURFACE WATER MONITORING. Masanori Ando Musashino University, Japan
SURFACE WATER MONITORING Masanori Ando Musashino University, Japan Keywords: surface water, monitoring, sampling, monitoring program, monitoring location, sampling programs, flow measurement, samplingMore information
Selecting cost-effective abatement measures to achieve good water status with the Environmental Costing Model.
Selecting cost-effective abatement measures to achieve good water status with the Environmental Costing Model. S. Broekx*,a, E. Meynaerts a, P. Vercaemst a, D. Beheydt a a Flemish Institute for TechnologicalMore information
EUROPEAN WATER RESOURCES AND POLICY What is the current water situation? The current water situation in Europe, according to a European Commission brochure, is described as: 20% of all surface water inMore information
Enlargement of the tidal area of the Zwin: a cross-border Natura 2000 area and the Dutch Nature protection Act
Enlargement of the tidal area of the Zwin: a cross-border Natura 2000 area and the Dutch Nature protection Act Eelco Hoogendam EZ Nature & Biodiversity Eva Haverkorn van Rijsewijk provincie Zeeland OutlineMore information
FRESHWATER COUNTRY PROFILE NORWAY Decision-Making Programmes and Projects A. Integrated Water Resources Development and Management B. Water Resources Assessment C. Protection of Water Resources D. DrinkingMore information
Sihwa Tidal Power Plant: a success of environment and energy policy in Korea
Sihwa Tidal Power Plant: a success of environment and energy policy in Korea May 2007 Prof. Nohyoung Park Korea University Energy Situations in Korea Korea started its industrial development in the 1970s,More information
Stream Monitoring at Tumacácori NHP
Stream Monitoring at Tumacácori NHP Santa Cruz River Researcher s Day Tucson Community Service Center March 27 2009 Presented by E.L.Gwilliam Overview why, what, where, when and how Stream Protocol ImportanceMore information
Dr. Anamika Paul* Preeti Jain* Kartikey Handa* NAJAFGARH DRAIN-SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS Abstract: Over the past years, due to rapid industrialization and advanced agricultural activities environmental deteriorationMore information
Système Euro- Méditerranéen d information sur les savoir-faire dans le domaine de l Eau
SEMIDE EMWIS http://www.semide.org http://www.emwis.org Système Euro- Méditerranéen d information sur les savoir-faire dans le domaine de l Eau -وروألا تامولعملا ماظن تاراهملا لوح يطسوتم هايملا لاجم يفMore information
Integrated watershed management system in Korea
RR 2004 3rd European Conference on River Restoration RIVER RESTORATION 2004 Zagreb, Croatia, 17-21 May 2004 Integrated watershed management system in Korea Ji-Yong Choi ABSTRACT: A watershed managementMore information
Notices to Mariners NR. 18
Notices to Mariners + OSTEND august 30th 2012 NR. 18 1 FRANCE >18/259 APPROACH NNW ZUYDCOOTE - RESTRICTED AREA - CHART CORRECTION Delete the coordinates of the restricted area between: (a) (b) (c) (d)More information
Report for 2003PA14B: Spruce Creek Watershed Keystone Project
Report for 2003PA14B: Spruce Creek Watershed Keystone Project There are no reported publications resulting from this project. Report Follows Abstract: This proposal seeks support for a graduate assistantMore information
A water quality monitoring network for environmental management of port areas An example from the Port of Venice
A water quality monitoring network for environmental management of port areas An example from the Port of Venice Nicola Torricella (firstname.lastname@example.com), Marta Citron (firstname.lastname@example.com)More information
3rd INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC MEUSE SYMPOSIUM THE MEUSE DISTRICT : CHALLENGES FOR TOMORROW LIEGE, April 22 23, 2010 POTENTIAL MEASURES TO IMPROVE THE WATER QUALITY OF THE RIVER MEUSE WITH RESPECT TO EMERGINGMore information
Sources to Seafood: Mercury Pollution in the Marine Environment Background on Presenting Scientists
Celia Y. Chen, Ph.D Dartmouth College Research Professor Department of Biological Sciences Class of '78 Life Sciences Center HB 6044 Hanover, NH 03755 (603)646 2376 email@example.com Dr. Celia ChenMore information
EN 2015. Water quality in the Danube river basin: progress in implementing the water framework directive but still some way to go.
EN 2015 NO 23 Special Report Water quality in the Danube river basin: progress in implementing the water framework directive but still some way to go EUROPEAN COURT OF AUDITORS EUROPEAN COURT OF AUDITORSMore information
HOW TO FUND BASIN MANAGEMENT PLANS? Invest in IWRM - it pays back!
HOW TO FUND BASIN MANAGEMENT PLANS? Invest in IWRM - it pays back! Jean-François DONZIER Permanent Technical Secretary of the International Network of Basin Organizations (INBO), General Manager of theMore information
Economic and Social Council
UNITED NATIONS E Economic and Social Council Distr. GENERAL CEP/AC.10/2005/5 12 April 2005 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY Working Group on EnvironmentalMore information
Elisabeta Poci February 9 th 2012 THE DRIN RIVER BASIN CE 397 Transboundary Waters INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND The Drin River Basin is located in the Western Balkans and it is shared between Albania, Greece,More information
Experience in Wetlands restoration and conservation concerning natural water retention measures. Ministry of Environment and Water, Bulgaria
Experience in Wetlands restoration and conservation concerning natural water retention measures Ministry of Environment and Water, Bulgaria Water management in Bulgaria - Water management in Bulgaria nationalMore information
European measures for Air Quality requested
European measures for Air Quality requested VNG-IPO position paper September 2005 Summary IPO, VNG and Regio Randstad represent the Dutch regional and local authorities. IPO represents the 12 provinces,More information
Climate Change Impacts to the Water Environment: Thailand
Climate Change Impacts to the Water Environment: Thailand Wijarn Simachaya, Ph.D Pollution Control Department Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment http://www.pcd.go.th 1 Overview of PresentationMore information
Climate-proofing freshwater supply in the Netherlands
Climate-proofing freshwater supply in the Netherlands ECCA 2013 20 februari 2013 Ron Franken, Jelle van Minnen, Willem Ligtvoet 1 Climate-proofing freshwater supply in the Netherlands Leading questionsMore information
The Corporation of the Municipality of Wawa
The Corporation of the Municipality of Wawa Prepared by: Water & Sewer Department Infrastructure Services February 2016 2015 Annual Sewage Performance Report Table of Contents Signature Page... (i) TableMore information
Bathing water results 2008 Italy
Bathing water results 2008 Italy 1. Introduction This report gives a general overview of water quality in Italy during the 2008 season. Italy reported 12 parameters under the Directive 76/160/EEC (1 TotalMore information
Eurometropolis Lille-Kortrijk-Tournai POLAND, 27-10-2010 STEF VANDE MEULEBROUCKE GENERAL INTEGRATOR
Eurometropolis Lille-Kortrijk-Tournai POLAND, 27-10-2010 STEF VANDE MEULEBROUCKE GENERAL INTEGRATOR Eurometropolis Lille-Kortrijk-Tournai Who are we? a european cross-border metropolis, between 2 countries,More information
Environment and Development Journal Law LEAD INDONESIA - LAW ON WATER RESOURCES, 2004 VOLUME 2/1 LEAD Journal (Law, Environment and Development Journal) is a peer-reviewed academic publication based inMore information
Maine Department of Environmental Protection Program Guidance On Combined Sewer Overflow Facility Plans
Maine Department of Environmental Protection Program Guidance On Combined Sewer Overflow Facility Plans OVERVIEW The objective of a Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) Facility Plan is to abate CSO dischargesMore information
Origins and causes of river basin sediment degradation and available remediation and mitigation options. Feedback from the Riskbase workshop
Origins and causes of river basin sediment degradation and available remediation and mitigation options Feedback from the Riskbase workshop Corinne Merly 1, Olivier Cerdan 1, Laurence Gourcy 1 EmmanuelleMore information
Martine Jak 1 and Matthijs Kok 2
A DATABASE OF HISTORICAL FLOOD EVENTS IN THE NETHERLANDS Martine Jak 1 and Matthijs Kok 2 1 Department of Transport, Public works and Water Management Road and Hydraulic Engineering Division P.O. Box 5044More information
Lao People s Democratic Republic
Lao People s Democratic Republic Country Report on the occasion of the Global Judges Symposium on Sustainable Development and the Role of Law Johannesburg, South Africa 18-20 August 2002 StrengtheningMore information
Notices to Mariners. OSTEND NOVEMBER 05th 2015 NR. 23
Notices to Mariners + OSTEND NOVEMBER 05th 2015 NR. 23 1 GENERAL NOTICES >23/261 GENERAL NOTICE - NEW PUBLICATION New edition 2015 of the: Belgian chart 104 Westerschelde - Zeeschelde: Monding WesterscheldeMore information
The subjects are addressed in the order in which they appear in the Directive.
Dutch action plan on sustainable plant protection This national action plan has been drawn up pursuant to Directive 2009/128/EC on sustainable pesticide use and fleshes out how the Netherlands will setMore information
"How can the Danube Region help to have a more competitive Europe?
"How can the Danube Region help to have a more competitive Europe? ACTIVITIES AND ADDED VALUES OF PA 4 WATER QUALITY László Perger Co-coordinator of PA4, Hungary OUTLINE Workflow model Results in PillarMore information
Notices to Mariners. OSTEND AUGUST 13th 2015 NR. 17
Notices to Mariners + OSTEND AUGUST 13th 2015 NR. 17 1 FRANCE >17/204 WESTERN PORT OF DUNKERQUE - LEADING LIGHTS - LIST OF LIGHTS CORRECTION Cf. BaZ 2015-12/156. Leading lights (leading line 120 ) ofMore information
The concepts developed in this standard include the following: Oceans cover about 70% of the surface of the Earth.
Name Date Grade 5 SOL 5.6 Review Oceans Made by SOLpass - www.solpass.org email@example.com Reproduction is permitted for SOLpass subscribers only. The concepts developed in this standard includeMore information
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FORESTRY AND WATER AFFAIRS. General Directorate of Water Management
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FORESTRY AND WATER AFFAIRS General Directorate of Water Management Content Institutional Structure Legal Arrangements River Basin Protection Action Plans and River BasinMore information
Report prepared by: Kelly Hagan and Mark Anderson Grand River Conservation Authority 400 Clyde Road Cambridge ON N1R 5W6
2013 Watershed Overview of Wastewater Treatment Plant Performance Report prepared by: Kelly Hagan and Mark Anderson Grand River Conservation Authority 400 Clyde Road Cambridge ON N1R 5W6 Table of ContentsMore information
Hydrological and Material Cycle Simulation in Lake Biwa Basin Coupling Models about Land, Lake Flow, and Lake Ecosystem
Sengupta, M. and Dalwani, R. (Editors). 2008. Proceedings of Taal2007: The 12 th World Lake Conference: 819-823 Hydrological and Material Cycle Simulation in Lake Biwa Basin Coupling Models about Land,More information
Sustainable Sanitation. case: Noorderhoek. Ir. Brendo Meulman
Sustainable Sanitation case: Noorderhoek Ir. Brendo Meulman Content Noorderhoek the project Noorderhoek research and evaluation Noorderhoek results Other projects DeSaH B.V. Sustainable and innovativeMore information
SoCo: European Overview on soil degradation processes related to agriculture
SoCo Policy Seminar, Brussels, 28 May 2009 1 SoCo: European Overview on soil degradation processes related to agriculture by E. Rusco, L. Montanarella, B. Marechal JRC IES Land management and Natural HazardsMore information
Source Water Protection Practices Bulletin Managing Sanitary Sewer Overflows and Combined Sewer Overflows to Prevent Contamination of Drinking Water
United States Office of Water EPA 916-F-01-032 Environmental Protection (4606) July 2001 Agency Source Water Protection Practices Bulletin Managing Sanitary Sewer Overflows and Combined Sewer OverflowsMore information
10. BUILDING AN EFFECTIVE ENFORCEMENT PROGRAM This chapter discusses issues involved in building and managing enforcement programs. While program structure and resources depend greatly on the roles, responsibilities,More information
BELGIUM / FLANDERS CONTRIBUTION TO THE DESIGN OF THE MASTER PLAN FOR WATERBORNE TRANSPORT ON THE MEKONG RIVER SYSTEM IN CAMBODIA AND TO THE CAMBODIAN. Final Workshop Navigation Coordination Committee,More information
Integrated watershed management in Québec: a participatory approach centred on local solidarity
Integrated watershed management in Québec: a participatory approach centred on local solidarity P. Baril *, Ph.D., Y. Maranda **, Ph.D. and J. Baudrand***, M.Sc. *Assistant Deputy Minister, Policy Branch,More information
Water Management, Conservation, and Preservation
em feature by Suzanne Thomas-Cole, James Weinbauer, and Don Galya Suzanne Thomas-Cole, P.E., is program director, environment; James Weinbauer is vice president, sustainable development; and Don Galya,More information
Ocean Dumping Act: A Summary of the Law
Claudia Copeland Specialist in Resources and Environmental Policy December 15, 2010 Congressional Research Service CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress 7-5700 www.crs.govMore information
Stormwater management around the world Lessons from Novatech 2010 Dennis Corbett and Marion Urrutiaguer
Stormwater management around the world Lessons from Novatech 2010 Dennis Corbett and Marion Urrutiaguer Novatech 2010, the 7th international conference on sustainable techniques and strategies in urbanMore information
The River Ribble is one of the longest rivers in the North West of England
River Ribble The River Ribble is one of the longest rivers in the North West of England Did you know? The tidal limit of the Ribble is 11 miles inland (above Preston); The River Ribble is home to a varietyMore information
City of Lakeland s Wetlands Treatment System An Overview
An Overview In response to more stringent requirements for wastewater discharges in the early 1980 s, the City explored options for the advanced treatment required, with the Wetland Treatment System provingMore information
Environmetric Data Interpretation to Assess Surface Water Quality
Bulg. J. Phys. 40 (2013) 325 330 Environmetric Data Interpretation to Assess Surface Water Quality P. Simeonova, P. Papazova, V. Lovchinov Laboratory of Environmental Physics, Georgi Nadjakov InstituteMore information
Water Act. Type hier de subtitel na een wit regel
Water Act Type hier de subtitel na een wit regel Colophon Translation Polltaal Vertalingen Gabriëlle van Poll - Bakhuizen van den Brink Information Legal Department Telephone +31 70 351 61 71 PhotographyMore information
Water Resources and Freshwater Ecosystems-- Oman
Water Resources and Freshwater Ecosystems-- Oman Middle East Internal Renewable Water Resources (IRWR),1977-2001, in cubic km Oman & North Africa Surface water produced internally 1 374 Groundwater rechargeMore information
Progress of Water Environmental Governance/Management and Future Challenges in Vietnam
Progress of Water Environmental Governance/Management and Future Challenges in Vietnam The Second International Workshop and the Sixth Annual Meeting for Water Environmental Partnership in Asia (WEPA)More information
BEIJING CHARLOTTE CHICAGO GENEVA HONG KONG LONDON LOS ANGELES NEW YORK NEWARK MOSCOW PARIS SAN FRANCISCO SHANGHAI WASHINGTON, D.C. INERT WASTE MANAGEMENT : A VARIABLE GEOMETRY CONCEPT Joëlle HerschtelMore information
4. Environmental Impacts Assessment and Remediation Targets
4. Environmental Impacts Assessment and Remediation Targets 4.1 Environmental Impacts Significant additional development in the Alder Creek watershed is not anticipated at this time; however, there areMore information
CHAPTER 15: CREATING A NATIONAL WATER QUALITY MONITORING NETWORK Ongoing monitoring is essential to assess the health of ocean and coastal ecosystems and detect changes over time. More than any other measure,More information
THE NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT ORDINANCE (CAP. 84 - LAWS OF SARAWAK, 1958 Ed.)
THE NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT ORDINANCE (CAP. 84 - LAWS OF SARAWAK, 1958 Ed.) THE NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT (PRESCRIBED ACTIVITIES) ORDER, 1994 (Made under section 11A(1)) (IncorporatingMore information
WILLOCHRA BASIN GROUNDWATER STATUS REPORT 2009-10 SUMMARY 2009-10 The Willochra Basin is situated in the southern Flinders Ranges in the Mid-North of South Australia, approximately 50 km east of Port AugustaMore information
Kristina Veidemane, Baltic Environmental Forum Panevezys, 12.05.2015
Priority 2 Protection and restoration of biodiversity and soil and promotion of ecosystem services, including through Natura 2000, and green infrastructure Kristina Veidemane, Baltic Environmental ForumMore information
Establishing large-scale trans-boundaries MPA networks: the OSPAR example in North-East Atlantic
Establishing large-scale trans-boundaries MPA networks: the OSPAR example in North-East Atlantic Introduction A pledge to establish a representative network of marine and coastal protected areas by 2012More information
PLUSK the common Polish Slovak web portal of international system of information exchange
PLUSK the common Polish Slovak web portal of international system of information exchange Regionalny Zarząd Gospodarki Wodnej w Krakowie www.krakow.rzgw.gov.pl EUROPE-INBO 2011 PORTO, 27-30 September 2011More information
Nitrates Directive: requirements and experiences of implementation
Vilnius, 14 September 2004 Nitrates Directive: requirements and experiences of implementation Liliana Cortellini European Commission, ENV B1 Soil and Agriculture This presentation does not necessarilyMore information
Activities of Qatar Statistics Authority
Activities of Qatar Statistics Authority Official Statistics for Better Climate Change Information Doha, 5 December 2012 Page 1 Qatari Environment Statistics Vision Provide the foundation for evidence-basedMore information
Spatial calculation of flood damage and risk ranking
Spatial calculation of flood damage and risk ranking Wouter Vanneuville, Kristien De Rouck, Koen Maeghe, Maarten Deschamps, Philippe De Maeyer & Frank Mostaert Ghent University - Department of Geography,More information
TEXAS: SAN ANTONIO San Antonio Protects Edwards Aquifer
TEXAS: SAN ANTONIO San Antonio Protects Edwards Aquifer Background San Antonio, the seventh largest city in the United States, covers approximately 515 square miles of Bexar County in south central Texas.More information


text:
American Gods is by Neil Gaiman and is possibly the best book of all time. Go read it. Now. After you've read this fic. Sometime in the future. Never mind.
Do I believe in redemption?
That's the question. Not whether it exists. Whether redemption exists or not is irrelevant. If I believe in it, it exists. Like American Gods. It exists because I believe in it.
It exists if I believe in it, rather.
Do I? I've done some bad things in my life. I'm talking haunt your dreams, ruin your life, sitting-in-front-of-a-TV-in-a-tiny-apartment-smelling-like-beer-swilling-whiskey-and-anti-depressants-for-dinner-level psychological trauma things. If I talked to a shrink, it's doubtful they'd believe me. If they did, it might be even worse; at least I'd be able to see how long doctor-patient confidentiality lasts when the patient is a mass-murder. The shrink would probably call the police, pack their bags, change their name and dye their hair to get away from me.
I've killed people… oh boy, have I killed people. I'm in a lot of databases, and none of them have nice things to say. I was on a couple of Most Wanted Lists… still am, probably. Probably? Of course I am.
My life has become a smoking wasteland, one covered in rubble and broken dreams and twisted memories and paths that I can no longer remember stepping onto or off, and I'm lost in the middle of it all with no notion of which way is north. I'd like to blame my family, but the truth is, I didn't help myself a lot. One bad decision led to another, and then they just snowballed, until I was running ahead trying to stay in front of the avalanche.
Do I believe in spring?
If I did, I might cherish dreams of flowers growing over the darker of those paths. I might be able to find a spark of light to follow, some noble cause, and make something worthwhile out of what's left of my life. I might be able to find some sunlight.
The problem is, that would mean moving on, and I'm the type to hold grudges. The more sunlight I found, the more the rubble would cast long shadows, until I wake up one day and find I'm back in the darkness.
So, no noble cause. At least not one that would require me to move on while I still have unfinished business. I can't leave rubble behind. I have to deal with what's left, to rebuild first before leaving town, not to just traipse on and find a new psychological landscape.
A new one… or an old one?
I was a ninja before I was ever a soldier, but I did more to help other people as a soldier than in the rest of my life. I used to mock my friend for believing so firmly in what we were doing, but he could turn the joke back on me with a simple sentence:
"Why are you here, then?"
Why was I there? 'To test my abilities,' they said. My abilities didn't need testing. I was officially the biggest bad-ass in the clan by that point. 'Young Master' more or less translated to 'Dude who was so accomplished keeping him as an average agent would be a crime.' I'm modest too.
I wasn't there to test my abilities.
It was my idea to go to war. I had no good reason. My friend would say that he did it to protect his country, his family, because it was the right thing to do. I didn't feel the same way, but I wanted to. I wanted to feel like I was a part of something greater than myself, working towards an aim that included more people than me and my clan.
Maybe that's why I went to war. Not because I did believe, but so I could learn to.
How did I lose my way so badly? I never wanted to become a monster. Is there any holy-water cure, or is my only way out a silver bullet?
That train of thought leads me back to redemption.
I've seen people recover from bad stuff. My friend's family died, and he survived. He even found a new one, from the sounds of it: a red-head girlfriend who breaks your bones, a couple of dozen brothers he can beat up, even a father-figure general (and goddamn, but that Wolverine-driver… I really hope my friend didn't think of her as a sister, 'cause that would lead straight to thoughts that could only be classified as 'incest'. Then again, maybe not… the red-head is pretty spectacular…)
I'm getting distracted. Or trying to distract myself. Point is, he made a new life. Can I?
I would need help. He was my family once. Maybe he'll forgive me, at least enough to put me out of my misery. Perhaps I'd even be able to make some kind of deal, information for a lesser jail sentence. I deserve some form of punishment, and he's the only person in the world who can make me take it meekly. Can I honestly, truly accept his help, though? He believes in what he's doing. I'd be going to him for myself, for my own benefit.
God, I'm selfish.
On the other hand…Maybe this is just another war. I don't believe in it, but I go so that by the end I will.
And of course, if they accept me, it would go a long way to repairing those ruins in my mind.
You know what? To hell with repairing. I'll C4 the bastards.
That's more my style.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The third child in a family that wanted only two, Muriel Sullivant has always been an outsider. She worships her beautiful blond sister, Pia, and envies the close bond she shares with their mother, Lidia. Growing up in their shadow, Muriel believes that if she keeps all their secrets - and she knows plenty, outsiders always do - they will love her too. Now an adult, Muriel has accepted the disappointments in her life. With her fourth-floor walk-up apartment and entry-level New York City job, she never will measure up to Pia and her wealthy husband, their daughter, and their suburban Connecticut dream home.
One day, Pia shows up to visit and shares devastating news that Muriel knows she cannot tell - a secret that will force her to come to terms with the past and help her see her life and her family in unexpected new ways.
©2014 Mary Hogan (P)2014 Tantor
"Book clubs will find much to discuss in this fraught, fascinating family drama." (<>Booklist)
too much discription! I could not get through the book. I kept waiting for the content of the story to show up and just as it did - discriptions that did not enhance or support the story!
Report Inappropriate Content
If you find this review inappropriate and think it should be removed from our site, let us know. This report will be reviewed by Audible and we will take appropriate action.


text:
(The Hosting News) – DNS Made Easy, the world leader in IP Anycast DNS services, recently added a new PoP in their world class DNS network.
The new PoP is located in Tokyo, Japan and was added to provide more speed and redundancy to DNS Made Easy's world class, top rated, DNS network.
The addition of Tokyo to DNS Made Easy's IP Anycast+ network provides end users in that region of the world an increase to speed, safety and network redundancy.


text:
PPM tool allows you to create new Password Security Objects
Use this security logo:
Freeware is computer software that is available for use at no cost or for an optional fee.
Tutorial not found. Let know us about any useful video tutorial.
password policy manager, pso, Fine-Grained Password, password settings object


text:
Village Inn Collection
Our Amish Canyon Creek Triple Dresser with Optional Mirror features refined leg detailing and ample drawer space. The dresser foot and leg are all one solid piece of wood for added strength and durability. This Amish dresser is standard in rustic cherry wood with our antiquity heavy distressing for a truly rustic look.
The top of the dresser has breadboard ends that are mortised into the center tenons. The wood square plugs in the breadboard offer an Old World touch. The dresser comes standard without drawer slides as this was the way dressers will build in the olden days. Upgrade to full extension soft closing drawer slides to bring a modern touch to your new bedroom furniture.
Our Amish Canyon Creek Triple Dresser features an optional mirror. Standard features include dovetailed oak wood drawer box construction, dust cover between all drawers and solid hardwood construction throughout. Customize your ideal dresser with your choice of optional mirror, hardwood and finish. Proudly made in the United States of America.
© Copyrights 2003 - 2017 DutchCrafters All rights reserved.


text:
Add custom content in: CMS > Pages
[googled720604d62c9fe7f.html] google-site-verification:
Can't find what you're looking for or need help? Please call us: (844)-408-4308
Copyright © 2014- 2015 ShieldLab. All rights reserved. Use of this site is subject to certain Terms and Conditions of Use which constitute a legal agreement between you and ShieldLab.


text:
Install the Supereyes S001 200X Magnifier Microscope to your mobile devices, you will be simple to watch tiny thing what your eyes cannot do. Removable and restickable design enables you to use on the go. So with it, you are always ready to see what you have been missing ever.
Compatible with most smartphones and tablets
Including iPhone 5s/5/4s/4, Samsung Galaxy S3/S2, Htc One, and etc.
High grade optical glass lens
Scratch-resistant lens offers durability.
Auto focus
Ensure crisp clarity for your photos.
No tools requirement
Allows you fix it on your device without any extra parts.
Premium removable and restickable 3m glue
Let you keep lenses easily accessible and no harm for your devices.
Wide Application
Countless uses for hobbyists, collectors, electronic engineers, scientists, doctors and student.
|200 times (continuous zoom capability)
|Object distance
|0 mm
|Light Sources
|Flash on the phone
|Max Size
|Ø14 x 16 x 17 mm
|Product Weight
|Package Size
|4.6 x 5.5 x 3 cm
|Package Weight
Use spaces to separate tags. Use single quotes (') for phrases.
You may also be interested in the following product(s).
Zapals.com is an internationally renowned, global shopping website operated by the Zapals Corporation Limited Company.
Our offices are located in Australia, Hong Kong and Mainland China and our aim is to deliver one of the largest, most innovative online department stores in the world.
We've got an extensive range of high quality products at the lowest prices for our customers. Our shopping range is designed by experienced professionals in compliance with international standards, quality control, trends, demands, and policies.
Our ultimate goal is to be an innovative, one-stop, online destination for anything you can find in the home and anything that you'll need in your life!


text:
Reviewed By NICHOLAS B (Glens Falls, NY) Reviewed for a 2006 Mazda Miata/MX-5 —4/5/2011 7:34 AM
This is not intended to be a hurricane proof cover. I needed a padded dust cover for indoor use only and this is the perfect solution. It fits properly and does everything I need it to do. I have two of them and if needed, I would purchase a third without question.


text:
Do you often see blogs that have ads inside their contents? These ads appear either inside the content and webpages, or located at the sidebar section of the site. Since ads can be an important method for making money online, There are many beginners who wonder how to do this at the time of managing the websites or blogs. This can be done via plugins, or it could also be done manually.
Read this article and you can get the detailed information on the subject concerning about how to ad adds to WordPress both in webpages and in the sidebars.
Why Need Ads into Site?
There is always a need of online promotion no matter how perfect your product and website is. You always need to make sure that your website reaches the broadest audience on the web. Advertising is the top channel that is very important for website promotion.
Most of the advertisement on the internet is carried out through banner adverts and links from other sites. As you are a website owner, you can incorporate an ad on your website. You can easily get an access to a large number of people who are eager to get places for their product advertisements, and earn certain fee for every visitor who clicks on this ad in your site.
How to Add Ads to WordPress Sidebars?
The ads can be added into the WordPress sidebar by editing the template file of sidebar.php. The features presented in the standard WordPress sidebar include complex nested list. Therefore, you can easily integrate ads in this list.
You can also restructure the list in order to remove the feature of nesting in case the code of the ad interrupts the format of the list. You can also add the ad to the bottom or top of the nested list too.
For that, you need to skip the coding conflicts. In order to incorporate the code in the list, you are required to put the code between a pair of "li" tags. Otherwise, the page is not going to validate and is not going to look accurate. You may like to incorporate an ad between archives and pages in your WordPress sidebars too. Check the coding stuff in the following.
Custom Ads Sidebar Plugin
With the help of Custom Ads Sidebar, you can display variant ads in variant posts. For example, if you have written a blog about any travelling service, then you can easily display travel ads like tour, restaurants and hotels by adding the ads in the post edit page. If you want to display your ads, add HTML code to your field at the time of editing the posts. Here's how you can install and use this plugin.
- First of all, upload the Custom Ad Sidebar file to /wp-cnontent/plugins/ directory.
- Now activate the plugin by selecting the option of "Plugins" menu presented in WordPress dashboard.
- Now go to Plugins > Custom Ads widget to configure.
- Drag the widget of custom ads to the sidebar.
- Now add code to the box in the page of single edit.
- For configuration, you can choose the default banner in order to display when the ad is not available.
How to Add Ads in the Webpages?
If the ads run inside the posts and WordPress pages, then it is really good for your website. When you make use of a good page ad plugin, you are allowed to place your desired kinds of ads in your content.
Insert Post Ads Plugin
The best click-through-rate is obtained by the content ads. In case you want to enhance your click through rates and the revenue of Google AdSense, then you need to incorporate ads into your WordPress web pages. It can be much better if you add these ads in the post content rather than placing them somewhere else on the site. Here's how you can make use of this plugin.
- Firstly, upload the Insert Post Ads file to /wp-content/plugins/ directory.
- Activate the plugin through menu of "Plugins" in WordPress admin.
- Now add the ads by navigating to the option of Post Adverts presented in the administration menu of WordPress.
- Choose the place where you want to insert the post ads by navigating to Post Adverts and then choose the options of settings presented in the Setting page of WordPress.
Honestly speaking, this plugin is really simple to set up and it allows you to choose the number of ads that you want to display, assign categories to your ads, insert the first and subsequent ads after certain numbers of paragraphs, select the order of the ads, display them on random basis, monitor the ads with AB testing, select whether to display the ads to readers who have logged in, stylize the ads with themes, and integrate the ads with Google Analytics for money making.
In addition to the use of plugins, there are certain widgets that have been the famous tools of putting your advertisements in the WordPress blogs. Ads could be added manually in the WordPress webpages too. However, the aforementioned plugins definitely help you add ads to WordPress websites and blogs with easy.


text:
Making its incredible debut as the first single of their duets album by the same name, Conway Twitty and Loretta Lynn's unforgettable hit, became their third No. 1 on the country charts as a duo!
Billboard Magazine called the track "a change of pace" saying that it carried an "up-tempo Cajun sound". The duet stayed on the country chart for a total of 13 weeks and its album went on to become a smash hit in the country world.
Interested in becoming a partner?
Contact us for more info.


text:
The Tampa Bay Lightning had half a dozen picks in the 2013 NHL Draft, including the third overall as decided by lottery, and they made waves with that plush pick by choosing budding superstar Jonathan Drouin.
Drouin, who watched his Halifax Mooseheads teammate Nathan MacKinnon go first overall, has turned quite a lot of heads in his career to date. Specifically, in just his second year of junior, his production rocketed from 29 points to a whopping 105 in 49 regular-season games. He was first among Mooseheads in goals, assists, plus/minus rating and shorthanded goals. In Halifax's 17-game playoff run to the Memorial Cup tournament, he registered 12 goals and 23 assists, then helped the Mooseheads win that elusive trophy by racking up five separate assists in the championship game. Yes, five. He's already won an absolute slew of junior-level awards, too, and could join the Bolts as soon as next season if the fates allow.
But for the Lightning, this draft wasn't just the Drouin Show. In the second round, they took Adam Erne with the 33rd pick. Another selection from the QMJHL, he too was a scoring leader among his team, the Quebec Remparts. (Fun fact: Until very recently, the Remparts were coached by none other than Patrick Roy.) Like Drouin, Erne has been increasing his production quite steadily through his junior career, going from 55 points in his first Remparts campaign to 72 in this one just finished. He led the Remparts in points and assists, then put up 10 points in 11 postseason games.
Tampa Bay used their third pick, 124th overall on a goaltender, Latvian Kristers Gudlevskis. He's a bit older than most draftees–he's 20–and has been tending net for various teams in his native land, including HK Riga of Russia's major junior circuit and then the KHL Dinamo Riga. In this past season, he's gone up and down the ladder, appearing in two Dinamo games, 56 HK Riga games and two HK Juniors games. He also represented Latvia at the World Championship. For HK Riga this year, he put up a 2.39 goals-against average and .927 save percentage. Goalies tend to be long-term growers, so Gudlevskis may spend more time developing in Latvia.
The fourth of the newest baby Bolts is Henri Ikonen, picked 154th overall. The young Finn is with another Canadian major junior team, the OHL's Kingston Frontenacs. He too led his team in points and was second in assists, notching 51 points this year as well as being tied at first for power play goals and plus-minus among Kingston players. This is after his very first season in the CHL, but he has quite a lot of experience for a 1994 baby–he's played with the junior versions of Finnish clubs SaPKo and KalPa Kuopio, tried his hand at senior-level SM-liiga play and represented Finland many times in international play.
Another Finn got picked at 184th overall, Saku Salminen. Much like fellow countryman Ikonen, he's been through Finland's junior system, though with HIFK and Jokerit. He too has been in many international tourneys for Finland. This year, he split time with Jokerit and a lower-tiered Kiekko-Vantaa team, putting up seven points in a total of 25 games. He has experience winning championships at the Finnish Junior B level–twice!
Tampa Bay's final choice (186th) went to a guy with a pretty awesome name, Joel Vermin. Vermin plays for SC Bern of the Swiss top-tier league, putting up 35 points in 47 games. (Fun trivia: During the lockout, John Tavares went to Bern.) With Vermin in tow, Bern won this year's NLA championship. He's been with Bern for six years now, coming up from the U17 squad all the way to the top tier, and he's been a frequent visitor to international play for Switzerland.
All of Tampa Bay's forward picks are listed on Elite Prospects as being versatile forwards, able to play both wings or centering and winging. This gives the Lightning a lot of flexibility for the future when deciding who goes where.


text:
Gina & Tess – When Dirty Dreams Come True
Released: April 24, 2014
Gina welcomes her old friend Tess to the massage table today and treats her to an extra special massage. Bringing out her massage tool she covers Tess's gorgeous body in smooth oil and massages every inch of her, making her nipples erect with pleasure. Soon Gina's using her tool on Tess's pussy making her scream out in orgasm and once finished Tess returns the favour until Gina cums.


text:
Today's Featured Artist: Michael Godard
Transform your photos into one-of-a-kind, hand painted masterpieces!
by D J Rogers
All England Lawn Tennis Club by D J Rogers - 8.000" x 4.875"
Archival Matte Paper
Rolled in a Tube
Assembly Charge
All England Lawn Tennis Club poster by D J Rogers. Our posters are produced on acid-free papers using archival inks to guarantee that they last a lifetime without fading or loss of color. All posters include a 1" white border around the image to allow for future framing and matting, if desired.
Ships Within
2 - 3 business days
Ships From
Atlanta, GA
There are no comments for All England Lawn Tennis Club. Click here to post the first comment.
All prints ship in durable cardboard tubes.
Fine Art America is one of the largest, most-respected giclee printing companies in the world with over 40 years of experience producing museum-quality posters and prints. All of our posters are produced on state-of-the-art, professional-grade Epson printers.
We use acid-free paper with archival inks to guarantee that your posters last a lifetime without fading or loss of color. All posters include a 1" white border around the image to allow for future framing and matting, if desired.
Posters ship within 3 - 4 business days in durable cardboard tubes.
Oil painting of the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club, home of the Wimbledon Championships, 1922 - current day. Centre Court Capacity 15,000, Court No1 capacity 11,500. Original painting size 22" x 18" created in 2012 by D.J.Rogers.
STUNNING STADIA ART IMAGES Sports Stadia Art is dedicated to bringing you this stunning collection of stadium artwork created by our artists D J Rogers, Brian Casey & Kevin Fletcher available on a fantastic range of merchandise! Featuring fantastic aerial view paintings of sports stadia from around the world including Football-Rugby-Cricket-Tennis-Athletics-American Football New Stadia images added monthly! .................................... Welcome to Sports Stadia Art Merchandise Store @ Fine Art America. Please browse our galleries, view our stunning artwork and buy your favourite Stadia images on a variety of quality merchandise including Framed Prints-Canvas Prints-Metal Prints-Acrylics-Greetings Cards and much...
Our return policy is very simple:
If you're not happy with a purchase that you made on FineArtAmerica.com, for any reason, you can return it to us within 30 days of the order date. As soon as it arrives, we'll issue a full refund for the entire purchase price. Please note - Fine Art America does not reimburse the outgoing or return shipping charges unless the return is due to a defect in quality.
Fine Art America sells thousands of pieces of artwork each month - all with a 100% money-back guarantee. We take great pride in the fact that hundreds of thousands of artists have chosen Fine Art America to fulfill their orders, and we look forward to helping you select your next piece!
Customer Service: 877-807-5901
(Call Any Time - 24 Hours Per Day)
All posters ship from our production facility within 2 - 3 business days of your order.


text:
They're in your laptop. They're watching your every click, every binge session, every guilt-ridden "Play next episode".
Yep, Netflix knows everything about your streaming habits - even down to the images you're most likely to click on when scrolling through their menus.
Global Manager of Creative Services Nick Nelson has taken to Netflix's blog to explain how the streaming giant fine tunes its thumbnail images to convince you to watch a show.
Turns out it's a lot more complicated than "make it look sexy". Here's what goes into Netflix's image choices.


text:
Orlando Bloom to make his Broadway Debut Opposite Condola Rashad in 'Romeo and Juliet'
Orlando Bloom will make his Broadway debut alongside Tony Award nominee Condola Rashad, as Shakespeare's star-crossed lovers in a new Broadway production of Romeo and...
Laura Linney: "The thing that makes the theater different from any other art form: it's time"
Linney cast's some light on why revivals in theater are looked at differently than their television and film counterparts.
Corey Hawkins: "I grew up a theater nerd"
"The fun of it and the challenge of it is to take the play — to take the text — and make it your own, to find it your own way" - Corey Hawkins on Theater
Sally Field on Performing on Broadway: "You're so totally and utterly and completely alive"
Field reveals how the lack of intermission helps her maintain her energy and why she decided to return to Broadway after a nearly 15-year break.
Watch: SAG Conversations with Geoffrey Rush of 'Genius'
Rush speaks at length about his career and portraying who many consider to be the wisest man of the 20th century.
Ben Platt on How He Found Himself Starring in 'Dear Evan Hansen'
"Every day is a different sort of vibe and feeling. It can be impacted by anything from like, "Is it raining outside?" to "Are there a lot of old people?"" - Ben Platt


text:
The MHL (Mobile-High Definition Link) to VGA and Audio Adapter is an accessory made with one purpose in mind to connect your MHL Host, like MHL Phones or Tablets, to your monitor or projector with VGA interface for viewing content on a larger screen. This state-of-the-art technology connects your MHL Host to your monitor or TV from the micro USB port to the VGA port, also supports stereo audio output.
|Product Package Size
|9.5cm x 2cm x 18cm
|Support Samsung
|Galaxy S2 S3 S4 S5, Galaxy Note / Note 2/ Note 3/ Note 4
|Support HTC
|HTC One, One X, XL, One S, M7, M8
|Support HTC
|Flyer Velocity, Sensation XL Sensation XE, EVOD 3D, Amaze 4G
|Support Sony
|Xperia Z, Z1, Z2, Z3SX, GX, TX, TL, ZL, SP
|Support LG
|Optimus 4X HD, Optimus 3D Max, Optimus 2X P900, Optimus LTE, Prada P940
|Support MOTO
|Motorola DROID RAZA XT910
|Support HUAWEI
|Ascend D1/D2, P1/P1S, Honor 6
Use spaces to separate tags. Use single quotes (') for phrases.
You may also be interested in the following product(s).
Zapals.com is an internationally renowned, global shopping website operated by the Zapals Corporation Limited Company.
Our offices are located in Australia, Hong Kong and Mainland China and our aim is to deliver one of the largest, most innovative online department stores in the world.
We've got an extensive range of high quality products at the lowest prices for our customers. Our shopping range is designed by experienced professionals in compliance with international standards, quality control, trends, demands, and policies.
Our ultimate goal is to be an innovative, one-stop, online destination for anything you can find in the home and anything that you'll need in your life!


text:
Для получения актуальных цен по гостинице Jw Marriott Hotel Santo Domingo -Deluxe-, пожалуйста, укажите интересующие вас даты и выполните поиск.
The all new luxury JW Marriott Hotel Santo Domingo is located in the sophisticated area of Piantini, in the heart of Santo Domingo?s commercial district and minutes away from the airport. The luxury hotel in Santo Domingo is perched above Blue Mall, the epitome of high end shopping, featuring shops such as Louis Vuitton, BCBG, and Cartier. Its ideal location offers stunning views and features the trendy Vertygo Bar that beckons guests and locals alike with an open air terrace overlooking the city skyline. This Santo Domingo hotel offers a perfect balance between luxurious ambiance and intuitive service for business and leisure travelers to the Dominican Republic, with convenient meeting facilities and social space. The Executive Lounge offers guests upscale and personalized service paired with 3 presentations of food throughout the day. Guests can experience fine dining at the hotel?s Winston Grill and Patio. Discover JW Marriott Hotel Santo Domingo to complete a memorable stay on your Dominican vacation.
Заезд: 15:00
Выезд: 12:00
Раннее заселение и поздний отъезд по возможности (услуга может быть платной).


text:
- Housing
- Moving In & Out
- Move In
Moving In
We have received your Early Arrival Agreement.
Residence hall move-in day is an experience you'll always remember! We're very excited to welcome you to the NIU community as a new Huskie.
If you don't have a room yet, sign up to live on-campus in the fall.
Move-In Day Timeline
Know your move-in date
Hall Move-In Date Gilbert Friday, August 25,
9 a.m. - 3 p.m.
Grant New Hall Neptune Stevenson Northern View Community Friday, August 18,
9 a.m. - 3 p.m.
Look up your hall and room number. Need to get here early? Sign up for early arrival.
Pack your things and contact your roommate
- Look at your room's measurements to see how much space you have under your bed, in your closet, and in your drawers.
- Read the What to Bring list. Don't forget bed sheets!
- Contact your roommate to get to know each other, discuss the basics, plan for what to bring, and set the tone for a great new academic year.
- Remember to bring your OneCard or another state-issued photo ID on move-in day. Learn about getting a OneCard ID.
Drive to campus on move-in day
When you get close to campus, hang the tag you received in the mail on your rear view mirror. NIU police officers will direct traffic and guide you to your hall. If you need more hang tags, ask any traffic officer when you get here. When you're near DeKalb, you can tune into 1360 AM WLBK for updates throughout the day.
Stay tuned for move-in maps.
We'll help you unload your things
Team NIU volunteers are here to help you! After you park, you'll go to your hall's front desk to get checked in and get your room key. Then Team NIU will help you carry all your things up to your room.
Floor meeting
That afternoon, you'll have your first of several floor meetings to get to know your new community. Your family is invited to this meeting too, and you'll all get to meet your residence hall's complex coordinator. After this meeting, you'll all be invited to the Huskie Fall Kick Off at Huskie Stadium, where you'll get to learn about what it means to be an NIU Huskie fan, explore different NIU traditions, and head to the field for a giant "NIU" class photo!
Welcome Days and beyond
- Welcome Days: We've planned many special events to welcome you to the NIU community during your first days here. Check out Welcome Days events.
- Where to Eat: You can begin using your meal plan on Friday, August 25 at any open dining location on campus. You'll also have 10 Flex Dollars that you can use at locations accepting flex dollars.
- Enrolled in Classes: If you aren't already, make sure you are enrolled in classes by Friday, September 8. Otherwise, you will have to move out of your room. We'll remind you about this during move-in if you're not enrolled.
- Connect to NIU Wireless: Get your PC, Mac, or phone connected to the internet.
What to Bring
Your room already comes furnished with things like a bed, dresser, and desk (see Things We Provide below), but here are some things you might want to bring on move-in day.
- Bed sheets (mattresses are 36 inches x 80 inches)
- Pillow and pillow case
- Mattress pad
- Bedspread
- Linens and towels
- Television
- Metal wastebasket
- Study lamps
- Toiletries
- Fan
- Clock/clock radio
- Clothing hangers
- Laundry hamper
- Shower caddy
- Ethernet cable (cat 5)
- Plates and bowls
- Cups and mugs
- Cutlery and utensils
- Food storage
- Surge protector
- USB flash drive
- Headphones or earbuds
- Under bed storage
- Batteries
Things We Provide
- Draperies
- Dresser
- Desk
- Desk chair
- MicroFridge
- Bed/mattress
- Cable TV hookup
- Laundry facilities
- Internet connection
Things to Leave at Home
- Some kinds of electrical appliances
- Open-element cooking appliances
- Pets (other than fish)
- Water beds
- Halogen lamps
- Plastic wastebaskets
- Candles
Electrical Appliances
Typically acceptable appliances (UL approved) include computers, televisions, DVD players, game consoles, stereos, razors and fans. Some hair dryers or curling irons may require additional power and need to be used in public area bathrooms rather than individual resident rooms to avoid tripping circuit breakers.
Use surge protectors/power strips for all appliances, particularly computers, televisions, stereo equipment and game consoles. Lightweight extension cords and multiple outlet plugs without surge protectors create a safety hazard and are prohibited.
Electrical appliances with an enclosed heating element are permitted in the halls (e.g. popcorn makers, coffee pots) if used under continual supervision by the user. Open-ended heating elements and electrical appliances that may pose a fire hazard such as hot plates, hot pots, electric or contact grills, and space heaters, are prohibited.
Housing and Residential Services


text:
De Secretis Naturae Alchymica – Limited Edition Jewelcase
Mysterivm Magnvm – Limited edition 3-panel Digipack
Sold Out
Temple Of Gnosis Serbia
Temple Of Gnosis is dark doom metal project, playing alchemical, occult death doom metal". The concept is inspired by the Western esoteric tradition, especially the alchemical process of Enlightenment and within that, the first stage of the alchemical work called "deconstruction." Music is a peculiar combination of dark ambient, doom riffs and death metal vocals, all supported by dark symphonies. ... more
Streaming and Download help