text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Aug 22, 2000
|Filing date
|Aug 13, 1998
|Priority date
|Aug 13, 1998
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Rajiv Jain, Andre Stolmeijer, Mehul D. Shroff
|Original Assignee
|Quicklogic Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (42), Non-Patent Citations (7), Referenced by (20), Classifications (8), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
FIG. 1 (Prior Art) is a cross-sectional diagram of a conventional conductive plug-type antifuse 110 as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,308,795. A first conductor 114 is disposed on an insulating underlying layer 112. First metal conductor 114 may comprise a sandwich structure of a lower barrier metal layer (for example, TiW), an aluminum layer (for example, AlSiCu), and an upper barrier layer (for example, TiW). Layer 116 is a layer of dielectric (for example, PECVD silicon dioxide). A conductive plug is disposed in an opening 118 in layer 116 and includes a conductive material 120 (for example, TiW) and a planarizing material 122 (for example, spin-on glass). Layer 124 is a layer of antifuse material (for example, a single layer of amorphous silicon). A capping layer 126 (for example, TiW or TiN) is provided on antifuse material layer 124 to prevent contamination of the antifuse layer from atoms in an overlying second metal conductor. Oxide spacers 128 are provided in order to minimize step coverage problems for the overlying second metal conductor 130.
When unprogrammed, the first conductor 114 is not coupled to the second conductor 130 through the antifuse 110. When programmed, however, antifuse 110 forms a permanent electrical connection between the first conductor 114 and the second conductor 130.
It is desired to improve such an antifuse.
A metal-to-metal conductive plug-type antifuse has a conductive plug disposed in an opening in an insulating layer. A layer of a programmable material (for example, amorphous silicon) overlies the conductive plug. A conductor involving a metal (for example, aluminum or copper) that migrates in the programmable material overlies the programmable material. The antifuse is programmed by forming a connection through the layer of programmable material such that the conductive plug is connected to the overlying conductor.
To prevent migration of metal from the conductor into the programmable material when the antifuse is not programmed, the conductor has a layer of barrier metal between the metal that migrates and the programmable material. In some embodiments, there are two layers of barrier metal. An airbreak after formation of the first barrier metal layer causes an improvement in the barrier properties of the first barrier metal layer. This airbreak may cause grain boundaries in the upper surface of the first barrier metal layer to be stuffed and/or may cause the upper barrier metal layer to be formed with different grains or a different grain orientation than the lower barrier metal layer. In some embodiments, a capping layer over the top surface of the programmable material protects the underlying programmable material during an ashing step when a mask used to etch the programmable material is removed. The capping layer and the programmable material form a capping layer/programmable material layer stack within the antifuse underneath the two barrier metal layers. The capping layer may also be made of a barrier metal and constitute an additional barrier.
This summary does not purport to define the invention. The invention is defined by the claims.
FIG. 1 (Prior Art) is a cross-sectional diagram of a conventional antifuse from U.S. Pat. No. 5,308,795.
FIGS. 2-6, 8, 9 and 11-18 are cross-sectional diagrams of an antifuse structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional diagram of a chemical mechanical polishing step used in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a top-down diagram of a wafer having alignment marks.
A field programmable gate array has a metal-to-metal conductive plug-type antifuse. For background information on antifuses, see U.S. Pat. Nos.: 5,502,315, 5,362,676, 5,557,136, 5,243,226, 5,302,546 and 5,661,412 (the subject matter of these patents is incorporated herein by reference). Antifuses can be fabricated in accordance with techniques set forth in the U.S. Patent Application entitled "Programmable Device Having Antifuses Without Programmable Material Edges And/Or Corners Underneath Metal", by Mehul Shroff et al., U.S. Ser. No. 09/133,999, filed Aug. 13, 1998 (the subject matter of this application is incorporated herein by reference).
The metal-to-metal conductive plug-type antifuse is fabricated as follows. An insulating layer is deposited on an underlying structure. In some embodiments, the underlying structure includes logic transistors of a field programmable gate array. The insulating layer may be a layer of PECVD (plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposited) TEOS (tetra ethyl ortho silicate) about 10,000 angstroms thick. Three different types of TEOS may be deposited sequentially in three different layers in order to fill spaces between metal lines of underlying circuitry.
Next, a first conductor (for example, a row or column signal conductor of a field programmable gate array) is fabricated. The first conductor involves a first barrier metal layer, an intervening aluminum (for example, AlSiCu) layer disposed over the first barrier metal layer, and a second barrier metal layer disposed over the aluminum layer.
In one embodiment, a first barrier metal layer of about 1000 angstroms of titanium nitride is sputtered onto the TEOS insulating layer. A Centura sputtering machine manufactured by Applied Materials is employed. After the forming of this titanium nitride layer, a cleaning step is performed in a single wafer high energy deionized water cleaning machine to remove loose particles that may remain after titanium nitride sputtering. Next, a layer comprising aluminum (for example, AlSiCu) is sputtered onto the first barrier metal layer using the same sputtering machine but a different sputter target. This layer comprises about one to two percent copper and is about 4000 angstroms thick. Next, a second barrier metal layer of about 1400 angstroms titanium nitride is sputtered onto the layer comprising aluminum using the same technique as was used to form the first barrier metal layer. In some embodiments, the titanium nitride layer can be deposited by chemical vapor deposition.
Next, after a photoresist mask is formed on the metal surface, a dry plasma RIE (reactive ion etch) etching step is performed to pattern the metal layers and thereby form the first conductor. The photoresist mask is then removed in a photoresist stripping step.
Next, an insulating layer of TEOS (called an interlayer dielectric layer) 10,000 angstroms thick is deposited on the underlying structure including the first conductor. The TEOS is deposited using the same three layer technique as was used to deposit the first TEOS layer. A chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) step is performed so that the top surface of the TEOS is substantially planar.
Next, after a photoresist mask is formed on the TEOS surface, an RIE etch step is performed to form a 0.5 micron by 0.5 micron opening in the TEOS layer. This opening extends all the way through the TEOS layer and down to the underlying metal layer. The opening may extend into the top of the second barrier metal layer of the first conductor by up to about 700 angstroms. The resulting structure is illustrated in cross-section in FIG. 2.
Layer 1 is the underlying structure which may involve logic circuitry of a field programmable gate array or be connected to such circuitry. Layer 2 is the first TEOS layer. Layer 3 is the first barrier metal layer. Layer 4 is the intervening layer that comprises aluminum. Layer 5 is the second barrier metal layer. Layer 6 is the second TEOS layer having the opening 7.
Next, an adhesion promoting layer 8 is formed on the inside TEOS surface of opening 7. Adhesion layer 8 promotes adhesion of a subsequently deposited tungsten to the sidewall of opening 7. In one embodiment, adhesion promoting layer 8 is a titanium nitride layer approximately 1000 angstroms thick. After deposition of the titanium nitride layer, a titanium nitride cleaning step is performed as discussed above in connection with the previous titanium nitride layer. A cross-section of the resulting structure is illustrated in FIG. 3.
Next, a layer of tungsten 9 about 5000 angstroms thick is PECVD deposited to fill opening 7. During this deposition, a seam or region 10 of weak tungsten may also form. A cross-section of the resulting structure is illustrated in FIG. 4.
Next, a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) step is performed to remove the tungsten and adhesion layer that is not disposed in opening 7. Chemical and/or mechanical action of this CMP step may expose or open up a dimple 11 in or near the center of the resulting conductive plug 12. The conductive plug 12 comprises both the tungsten plug as well as the remaining portion of the adhesion promoting layer 8. The polished top surface of the conductive plug 12 is coplanar with the polished top surface of the neighboring TEOS of the second TEOS layer. A cross-section of the resulting structure is illustrated in FIG. 5.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional diagram illustrating a chemical mechanical polishing step. A platten 13 having a pad 14 rotates with respect to a wafer 15 such that a slurry 16 between the pad 14 and 15 polishes the wafer. Wafer 15 is disposed upside down and is pressed against the platten 13 with pressure 16 so that the top surface of the wafer having the antifuse structure is polished. The polishing step takes about two minutes. Polishing time, pressure on the wafer, slurry composition, pad type, platten rotating speed and temperature are controlled in accordance with operating specifications of the particular type of polishing machine used. A Mirra machine made by Applied Materials or a Westek machine manufactured by IPEC can be used.
Preferably, the conductive plug 12 is not formed using a standard tungsten etch back step. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional diagram illustrating an unfavorable structure that might result if a tungsten etch back step were employed. Portions of the adhesion promoting layer 8 are missing.
Next, the antifuse structure is cleaned to remove particles that may remain after the polishing step. Ammonia and deionized water are used in a single wafer cleaning machine manufactured by DNS.
Next, in order to fill dimple 11 in the top surface of the conductive plug, a 1000 angstrom layer 17 of TEOS is deposited.
Next, a chemical mechanical polishing step is used to remove the TEOS layer 17 except for that in dimple 11. The thickness of all TEOS over the titanium nitride layer 5 is measured, chemical mechanical polishing is done, residue is removed in a cleaning step involving ammonia and deionized water, and the thickness of the TEOS on the titanium nitride layer 5 is measured again. The target TEOS removal thickness is 1750 angstroms over titanium nitride 5. With 1750 angstroms of TEOS removed, all of the upper TEOS layer 17 is removed except for that in dimple 11. The TEOS polishes faster than the tungsten metal. Consequently, the top surface of the tungsten plug protrudes slightly from the top surface of the polished TEOS surface. A cross-section of the resulting structure is illustrated in FIG. 9.
FIG. 10 is a top-down diagram of a wafer 18 having alignment marks 19. These alignment marks are used by a stepper machine to align a reticle to the wafer. In this embodiment, alignment marks 19 comprise a polysilicon/metal 1/metal 2/metal 3 stack. Processing is performed to expose the alignment marks 19. The entire wafer 18 is covered with photoresist except for the alignment marks 19, RIE etching is performed to remove all oxide on top of alignment marks 19, and the photoresist is then removed using a dry oxygen plasma strip followed by a wet strip. The dry oxygen plasma strip increases the thickness of a native oxide (not shown) on the top surface of the conductive plug 12 and/or changes the characteristics of the plug. The thickness of this native oxide may, for example, be about 10 angstroms. In some embodiments, a short pre-deposition sputter etch is done to remove this native oxide prior to subsequent processing.
Next, a layer 20 of a programmable antifuse material is deposited over the entire wafer. The programmable material may include one or more layers of antifuse dielectric materials including amorphous silicon, polysilicon, silicon nitride and silicon oxide. Dopants and other materials such as hydrogen are added in particular embodiments.
In the specific embodiment described, the programmable material is a single 700 angstrom layer of hydrogenated intrinsic PECVD amorphous silicon deposited using an Applied Materials AMP500 single chamber PEVCD deposition machine. Deposition of the programmable material occurs in two steps. In a first step, deposition occurs for about ten seconds at a relatively slow deposition rate to form a starting layer about 200 angstroms thick. In a second step, deposition occurs at a higher deposition rate for about twelve seconds.
Next, the top surface of the amorphous silicon programmable material layer 20 is exposed to oxygen and nitrogen in the form of atmospheric air by moving the wafer to a different deposition chamber. This airbreak results in a native oxide (not shown) of an estimated 10 angstroms forming on the top surface of amorphous silicon 20.
Next, a capping layer 21 is formed on the amorphous silicon layer (it is actually formed on the native oxide on the amorphous silicon layer). Capping layer 21 in this embodiment is a 250 angstrom (plus or minus 25 angstroms) layer of titanium nitride. Capping layer 21 prevents attack of the top surface of the amorphous silicon during a subsequent wet strip when the amorphous silicon layer is patterned, prevents oxidation of the top of the amorphous silicon layer during a subsequent dry strip when the amorphous silicon layer is patterned, and provides an additional barrier between the amorphous silicon and a subsequently deposited layer of aluminum. Although titanium nitride is used in the specific embodiment, other barrier materials could be used including titanium tungsten, titanium, tungsten, tungsten silicide, tantalum nitride and titanium-tungsten-nitrogen alloys. A cross-section of the resulting structure is illustrated in FIG. 12.
Next, an airbreak occurs and the structure is cleaned in the same way as described above after other titanium nitride deposition steps.
Next, the capping layer 21 and the underlying amorphous silicon programmable material layer 20 are patterned such that there is at least a 0.45 micron overlap 22 of the resulting capping layer/programmable material layer stack 21/20 over the top lateral edge of the conductive plug. Patterning is accomplished with a photoresist mask 23 and a subsequent dry plasma RIE etch of unmasked areas. The amount of vertical overetch 24 into the underlying TEOS layer 6 is tightly controlled to be the minimum amount that will remove all amorphous silicon in the area to be etched. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional diagram of the resulting structure involving a conductive plug 12 overlaid by a capping layer/programmable material layer stack 21/20.
Next, photoresist mask 23 is removed using plasma oxygen ashing. The plasma oxygen ashing step takes about 20 seconds and occurs in an ashing chamber of the same RIE etching machine that was used to etch amorphous silicon layer 20. Sidewalls 25 of the amorphous silicon and perhaps the capping layer of the capping layer/programmable material layer stack 21/20 are oxidized in the ashing step. The oxidized sidewalls 25 are substantially vertical. Any photoresist residue remaining after the plasma oxygen ashing step is removed in a subsequent wet strip step. In some embodiments, ACT wet strip reagent is used for approximately 30 minutes. The oxidization of the sidewalls 25 during the prior ashing step serves to protect sidewalls 25 from lateral attack during this wet strip step. The oxidation also may provide an additional diffusion barrier.
Next, a second conductor is formed that has two barrier metal layers between the top surface of the capping layer/programmable material layer stack 20/21 and an intervening aluminum layer of the second conductor. The second conductor may, for example, be a row or column signal conductor of a field programmable gate array. In one embodiment, a first barrier metal layer 26 of the second conductor is a 1000 angstrom layer of titanium nitride that is sputtered deposited. A cross-section of the resulting structure is illustrated in FIG. 15.
Next, an airbreak occurs such that the top surface of first barrier (titanium nitride) metal layer 26 is exposed to air (oxygen, nitrogen and carbon) at atmospheric pressure. Grain boundaries in the titanium nitride may be stuffed by nitrogen and/or oxygen during this airbreak. It is believed that atmospheric nitrogen stuffs grain boundaries without reacting with the titanium nitride and that atmospheric oxygen oxidizes the titanium nitride to stuff grain boundaries. An ammonia and deionized water brush cleaning step is then performed as set forth above in connection with previous titanium nitride depositions. Grain boundary stuffing could also be achieved by bleeding oxygen and/or nitrogen in during the titanium nitride deposition step. Titanium nitride barrier quality can also be improved by performing a higher temperature processing step in an atmosphere involving oxygen and/or nitrogen (for example, ashing).
Next, a second metal barrier layer 27 is formed over the first metal barrier layer 26. In one embodiment, second metal barrier layer 27 is a sputtered titanium nitride layer about 250 angstroms thick. The airbreak prior to the deposition of layer 27 may serve to cause the metal of layer 27 to be deposited with a different grain orientation than the underlying metal of layer 26. The different grain orientations may result in a better barrier to aluminum migration. The structure formed is illustrated in cross-section in FIG. 16.
Next, an intervening metal layer 28 is formed. In one embodiment, metal layer 28 is a standard sputtered aluminum layer (AlSiCu) 8000 angstrom thick that comprises about two percent copper. Next, a third barrier metal layer 29 is formed over intervening aluminum layer 28. In one embodiment, third barrier metal layer 29 is a 250 angstrom thick titanium nitride layer. There are no airbreaks between the formations of the second barrier metal layer 27 and the overlying aluminum layer 28 or between the aluminum layer 28 and the overlying third barrier metal layer 29.
Next, metal layers 26-29 are patterned. After an airbreak, photoresist is spread over the antifuse structure and is fashioned into a mask. The metal layers 26-29 are then etched in a plasma RIE dry etch as explained above in connection with the etching of layers 3-5. A TCP 9600 model etcher made by Lam Research can be employed. Metal layers 26-29 may, for example, be patterned into a row conductor or a column conductor of an FPGA.
Next, the photoresist mask used to pattern metal layers 26-29 is removed as explained above in connection with the removal of mask 23. A plasma oxygen ashing step removes the photoresist and a subsequent wet strip removes any residue.
Next, a layer of passivation (not shown) is formed over the antifuse stricture. In one embodiment, there are three layers of passivation: 1) a 1500 angstroms thick layer of PECVD deposited oxynitride passivation, 2) a 3000 angstrom thick layer of spin on glass (SOG) that fills spaces between metal conductors, and 3) a 10,000 angstrom thick layer of PECVD silicon nitride. The bottom oxynitride layer prevents moisture from the subsequent spin on glass formation step from penetrating underlying metal layers and causing corrosion. The spin on glass is cured at 370 degrees Celsius for about 40 minutes and then at 420 degrees Celsius for about 20 minutes. Because the 420 degree Celsius curing step is the highest temperature the hydrogenated amorphous silicon programmable material experiences, the curing step likely controls the removal of hydrogen and density of dangling bonds. Care is taken not to subject the amorphous silicon to a temperature higher than this 420 degrees Celsius.
Next, passivation is removed over bonding pads on the integrated circuit of which the antifuse structure is a part. Exposure of these pads is accomplished with a photoresist mask (not shown) and a subsequent RIE dry etch. After etching, the photoresist mask is removed with an ashing step and a wet strip as described above in connection with the removal of other photoresist masks.
Next, an alloy step is performed to improve gate oxide quality and transistor characteristics. The integrated circuit may, for example, be alloyed at 410 degrees Celsius for a period of about 30 minutes.
FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional diagram of an embodiment having spacers 30 around the periphery of capping layer/programmable material layer stack 20/21. In accordance with conventional technology, spacers 30 can be made of silicon oxide, silicon nitride, or another suitable material. A layer of silicon dioxide can be deposited and then etched back to leave spacers 30. For details on oxide spacers, see U.S. Pat. No. 5,362,676 (the subject matter of which is incorporated herein by reference).
An antifuse having a structure such as is shown in FIG. 17 has an trigger voltage of about 8.3 volts when programmed in a top-down fashion (positive voltage on the top conductor with respect to the voltage on the conductive plug) and has a trigger voltage of about 9.0 volts when programmed in a bottom-up fashion (positive voltage on the conductive plug with respect to the voltage on the top conductor). When programmed top-down, metal from the conductive plug moves upward into the programmable material to form a conductive filament and when programmed bottom-up, metal from the top conductor (or the capping layer) moves downward into the programmable material to form a conductive filament. With 3.3 volts across the antifuse when in the unprogrammed state, the antifuse has a leakage current of approximately 1.0 nanoampere or less (an unprogrammed resistance of approximately 3.0 gigaohms or more). After programming, the antifuse has a resistance of approximately 40 ohms or less.
Although the invention is described in connection with certain specific embodiments for instructional purposes, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. Programmable materials other than amorphous silicon can be employed in accordance with the invention. Antifuses can be disposed between first layer metal and second layer metal, between second layer metal and third layer metal, between third layer metal and fourth layer metal, and/or between other layers of metal. A conductive plug can extend out of an opening in an interlayer dielectric, can just fill the opening, or can only partially fill the opening. The conductive plug can comprise a tungsten-containing plug that fills part of the opening as well as a volume of another conductive material that fills the rest of the opening. The other conductive material may be disposed in a layer over and/or under the tungsten-containing plug. In some embodiments, metal of the metal conductor disposed over the programmable material would not generally migrate in the programmable material were it not for the intervening barrier layer, but rather some of the programmable material would migrate in the metal conductor were it not for the intervening barrier layer. The terms aluminum (AlSiCu), titanium-tungsten (TiW) and titanium-nitride (TiN) refer to alloys and are not limited to require a specific stoiciometric ratio of elements. Accordingly, modifications, adaptations and combinations of various aspects of the described embodiments can be practiced without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the claims.
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|Aug 1, 2005
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|Apr 15, 2016
|Aug 17, 2016
|Device unit body containing metal, polyimide and blocking layer structure and fabrication method of device unit body
|Apr 30, 2001
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|Infineon Technologies Ag
|Production of an integrated circuit comprises forming a first metallizing region, forming insulating regions, producing a conducting region, forming a contact in one insulating region and providing a conducting pathway
|Nov 2, 2001
|May 15, 2003
|Infineon Technologies Ag
|Semiconductor device used in integrated circuits comprises a substrate with a first conductor strip, an insulating layer on the first strip, and a second conductor strip on the insulating layer
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Sep 24, 1998
Owner name: QUICK LOGIC CORP., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:JAIN, RAJIV;STOLMEIJER, ANDRE;SHROFF, MEHUL D.;REEL/FRAME:009473/0014;SIGNING DATES FROM 19980813 TO 19980916
|Feb 23, 2004
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Feb 22, 2008
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Mar 3, 2008
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Feb 22, 2012
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


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Tag: new
Forsyth Humane Society achieves a dream
A dream decades in the making — one that is said to date back to the early 1900's and a dog who rode a streetcar to deliver lunch to his owner — became a shiny new reality yesterday.
The Forsyth Humane Society opened its new shelter on Country Club Road in Winston-Salem — one with double the old shelter's capacity, lots of space for dogs to romp and more than 10 times as much parking.
Even so, the new parking lot was overflowing within an hour of the grand opening, and FHS reported on its Facebook page that 26 animals were adopted before the day ended — 21 dogs and six cats.
The landmark day began with a flag raising, and saw a non-stop stream of visitors — some there to adopt, some there to check out what, thanks to a $3.8 million fundraising drive, the humane society had turned a former seafood restaurant into.
For 75 years, the Forsyth Humane Society has acted as an advocate for unwanted and uncared for dogs and cats.
It owes its start to money left in a will by Lydia Schouler for the purposes of establishing a fund in the name of her husband, department store owner D.D. Schouler, that would help prevent cruelty to animals.
The Schoulers wanted to honor the memory of their dog, who would catch a streetcar every day to bring Mr. Schouler his lunch.
The facility is the third to house the Forsyth Humane Society, which first took up residence in an old house, then built and moved into a larger building on Miller Street in the 1980's.
They soon found themselves cramped there, and about five years ago began looking at raising funds needed for a new shelter.
"This has been a dream of the Forsyth Humane Society for decades," Sarah Williamson, the center's executive director, told the Winston-Salem Journal.
The new shelter has space for up to 100 animals. There's a new, more accessible intake center, storage space for food donations and a gift shop named "Re-Tail," that features Forsyth Humane Society labeled clothing.
It is named in honor of longtime donors Chris and Mike Morykwas, who helped fund the construction of the new building. The old building, after the family helped fund its expansion, was named in honor of their two bassett hounds, Franklin and Peabody Morykwas.
It's intriguing how so many of the good things done for dogs can be traced back to dogs — and the inspiration they provide.
It is to me at least. That's one of the reasons I'm teaming up with the Forsyth Humane Society, in a volunteer capacity, to serve as their historian and archivist.
As it steps into the future, I'm going to dig up what I can about its past.
You're invited to help. Please contact me if you have any documents, memorabilia, scrapbook entries, photos, memories or reminiscences about its history — especially its early years, and that lunch-toting dog.
The email address is email@example.com.
Posted by John Woestendiek August 24th, 2016 under Muttsblog.
Tags: adopt, adopted, adoption, animal welfare, animals, archivist, bus, cats, d.d. schouler, dd schouler, dogs, dream, facility, forsyth humane society, future, historian, lunch, lydia schouler, morykwas, new, north carolina, opening, opens, past, pets, rescues, shelter, shelters, streetcar, true, winston salem foundation, winston-salem
Comments: none
Paw-ternity leave? Don't hold your breath
Take a decent idea, give it a cute name, and there's no telling how far — in the age of the Internet — it might go.
Paw-ternity leave, not an entirely new concept, is drawing some major attention this week — the root of which, best I can figure, was a story in London's Daily Mirror.
To read the headlines that one story has spawned in the echo chamber that is the Internet you'd think giving employees paid time off when they get a new dog was an idea that was sweeping the nation, if not the globe.
Not quite — though we wouldn't mind if it did.
The Mirror story mentions two companies in the UK — one of them being Mars Petcare, which provides 10 hours of paid leave for employees with new pets, the other being a small British tech support company whose owner offers up to three weeks of paid leave when employees bring a new pet home.
"Pets are like babies nowadays so why shouldn't staff have some time off when they arrive?" said Greg Buchanan, who owns Manchester-based IT company BitSol Solutions. "The first few weeks of a dog moving to a new home is a really important time, especially (with) puppies."
"I don't have kids myself but I do have dogs and I understand how much they mean to people," he added.
In an interview with USA Today, Buchanan said he took a week off from work to help a new puppy get settled in his home.
"We got a puppy from a rescue home and we realized it needed to be looked after properly, so I took a week off to ensure it was welcomed into the home, and to set boundaries for the dogs. You know, 'You can't chew the couch' and 'You can't jump on the television,' things like that. And it went from there, and my dog is now better for it," says Buchanan.
After that, he began offering employees paid leaves when they got a new pet. He says the policy has helped improve office morale.
The Mirror article also cites a survey by pet insurance provider Petplan that found almost one in 20 new pet owners in the UK has taken paw-ternity leave.
"The rise in new pet owners taking paw-ternity leave indicates that people recognize the importance of settling in new pets with the right support and care," said Petplan's Isabella von Mesterhazy. "The early days of a kitten or puppy's life are a vital part of the pet's early development – especially for them to become a proper part of the family."
(Photo: Pinterest)
Posted by John Woestendiek May 5th, 2016 under Muttsblog.
Tags: animals, bitsol, bitsol solutions, dog, dogs, employees, employers, england, home, leave, london, mars petcare, new, new dogs, paid leave, paw-ternity, paw-ternity leave, pawternity, pawternity leave, pets, uk, work
Comments: none
Two new breeds recognized by AKC
The American Kennel Club has announced full recognition of two new breeds — the American hairless terrier and the Sloughi.
The additions bring the total number of dog breeds recognized by the AKC to 189.
Joining the terrier group, the American hairless terrier is small to medium sized and very active — basically a bald (often) rat terrier.
The breed comes in both a hairless and a coated variety, although the coated dogs still carry the hairless gene.
According to the American Hairless Terrier Club, their rise began when a hairless puppy emerged in a litter of rat terriers in the 1970s, leading a Louisiana couple to begin breeding it to produce other hairless pups.
The Sloughi is an ancient breed that originated in North Africa, where it is treasured for its hunting skills, speed, endurance and agility.
Also known as the Arabian greyhound, it is a medium to large-sized dog, with short hair, a smooth coat and a sleek and graceful appearance.
Both breeds became eligible to compete in their respective AKC groups on Jan. 1, 2016, but will not be eligible for Westminster until next year.
To become an AKC-recognized breed there must be a minimum number of dogs geographically distributed throughout the U.S., as well as an established breed club of responsible owners and breeders.
(Photos: An American hairless terrier (at top) and a Sloughi, courtesy of American Kennel Club)
Posted by John Woestendiek January 7th, 2016 under Muttsblog.
Tags: akc, american hairless terrier, american kennel club, animals, announcement, arabian greyhound, breed, breeds, dog, dogs, hairless, hounds, new, new breeds, pets, rat terrier, recognition, sloughi, terriers
Comments: none
Are we animal lovers just too gullible?
I would no more stereotype animal lovers than I would pit bulls, and yet I have to ask the question:
Are we an overly gullible lot, more likely to be taken advantage of by greedy and unsavory types?
As a rule, yes. As scammers and schemers have realized, our overflowing empathy and eagerness to help an animal in need often overrule our powers of deductive reasoning, leading us to whip out the checkbook and contribute to some pretty suspicious "causes."
We are going to use the Grieving Rottweiler as our example here — not to say that the owner of that dog (who is asking dog lovers to help him buy a house so he can rescue more dogs) is a scammer or a schemer, but only because his fundraising drive, as explained by him, is so full of conflicting information, question marks and red flags.
We raised questions about it earlier this week, after Brett Bennett of Seattle posted a video of his Rottweiler, Brutus, appearing to mourn the death of his fellow Rottweiler, Hank. His YouTube post links to an indiegogo page aimed at raising money to buy "a house in the country."
"Don't let Hanks passing die in vein (sic )with him," Bennett asks. Instead, he urges people to give Hank's death some meaning, and honor the dog's legacy, by making cash contributions so he can buy a house and some acreage in the country.
The viral video of "Brutus grieving" was nearing 4 million views yesterday.
Between the summary he posted there, his indiegogo page, his Rottweiler rescue website, and what he has posted on his Facebook page (which disappeared the day before yesterday), one has to wonder about what a tangled web he has woven — lie-wise — since he first started trying to raise money through his dogs. (Not to mention how a man who describes himself as homeless can be so active on the Internet.)
That Facebook page included photos of Rottweilers fighting, him recounting a plan to sell his Rottweilers to drug dealers, background information on the dogs that vastly differs from what he has stated elsewhere and this warning to a commenter who questioned his motivations:
"F— off, you tweaker white trash c—."
Bennett raised over $6000 in January to help him and his dogs find a rental property. Then, a week after Hank died, he started another fundraiser to raise an additional $100,000 to help him purchase a home.
As it turns out, one woman has been raising questions about him for a while — Anne Fromm, who, in an attempt to spread the word about his activities, started this "Social Media Scammer" Facebook page.
It points out some of the many discrepancies in the online accounts Bennett has provided, including in the story of Hank's death.
"Ask WHY he never took the dog to the vet if it was dying, instead videotaped it, for the tearjerker points and the funds that poured in. Is the dog even dead? Or will he show up miraculously in a few more months when Brett needs more money?"
Fromm points out that Bennett has said the dogs are twins, from the same litter. Yet he has also said one was 2 and one was 4 when he took them in.
Bennett said he awoke to find Hank dead, but he also says, in another account, that he held him in his arms when he was dying.
Mainstream media outlets have carried the video of the "grieving Rottweiler," and helped catapult it to viral-ness, but none apparently had the time to look into its veracity.
As of yesterday, as far as I could see, only this blog, Buzzfeed and Seattle Dog Spot had questioned Bennett's accounts and actions.
Seattle Dog Spot reported that records from VCA Animal Hospital show Bennett took Hank to be cremated on January 22, but the video of Hank's death was uploaded on January 20. "What did he do with the body of a 150-pound Rottweiler for 2 days?" the blog asks.
That form also showed an address for the homeless man.
Seattle Dog Spot also reported a text message exchange in which Bennett told someone who was questioning how he spent donated money, "They gave me money and I am using the money to pay off my legal matters and for my everyday bills. I can pretend to spend it on whatever these gullable (sic) people will believe."
Those are just a few of the disconcerting conflicts in Bennett's story, all of which anyone with enough time could have found on the Internet.
But, dog lovers being trusting and good-hearted sorts, few did.
Dog lovers tend to believe, and they tend to react, and they tend to want to save, if not the world, at least its dogs — all admirable traits.
Schemers and their schemes, in addition to taking money from them, stand to also take away something even more important — their faith.
Do we need something that protects those so committed to protecting, say a Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animal Lovers?
No, but dog lovers do, unfortunately, need at least a tiny grain of cynicism within, enough to consider the possibility that what on the surface appears to be a worthy cause might not be.
When it comes to fund-raising drives being conducted by individuals, and all we know about those individual comes from what they've posted online, we need to exercise due diligence — or at least a little diligence — to separate those who are pretending to care about dogs from those who are seeking only our dollars.
(Photo: Bennett, Hank and Brutus, as pictured on the Rottweiler Twins Animal Rescue website)
Posted by John Woestendiek February 5th, 2015 under Muttsblog.
Tags: brett bennett, brother, brutus, buy, campaign, death, fundraising, grief, grieving, grieving rottweiler, hank, house, indiegogo, mourning, new, news media, questions, rottweiler, scams, schemes, seattle dog spot
Comments: 15
Three lowly cowards rob blind man after knocking out his guide dog
Three men in Hartford knocked a blind man's guide dog unconscious before robbing him of his wallet.
Francis Shannon, of Sigourney Street in Hartford, was walking his guide dog, Lady, near his home around midnight Aug. 2 when three men attacked and robbed him, according to NBC Connecticut.
"They hit the dog, knocked her out. I thought she was dead," Shannon said. "She's my everything. I can't go anywhere without her," Shannon said.
Shannon suffered minor injuries, and delayed in reporting the robbery to police because the attackers threatened to hurt him if he did.
They said, 'If you call the cops, we'll kill you,'" Shannon explained. "And they took my money – which I had my rent money, cards my ID – everything was in my wallet."
He said he didn't leave his house for days after the attack, but finally decided to call police.
Police say Shannon identified the voices of the attackers as those of three young men he has heard hanging out at a neighborhood grocery store.
Police are seeking the public's help in finding the assailants. Anyone with information about the robbery and assault is urged to call Hartford police Sgt. O'Brien at 860-757-4089.
Posted by John Woestendiek August 11th, 2014 under Muttsblog, videos.
Tags: animals, assault, blind, blind man robbed, crime, dog, dogs, francis shannon, guide dog, hartford, help, knocked out, lady, new, pets, police, robbery, seek, sigourney street, tips, wallet
Comments: 1
Betrayed while deployed: Soldier's ex sells his dog on Craigslist
A soldier whose ex sold his dog while he was deployed in Afghanistan may be getting his Shiba Inu back.
Robert Gabbert, 23, left his 3-year-old dog, Baxter, with his former girlfriend when he was deployed to Afghanistan in March.
She posted an ad on Craigslist and sold the dog he had placed in her care, Gabbert says.
Once Gabbert, based in Fort Carson, Colo., discovered that, he posted this note on Craigslist:
"I am currently deployed and my ex sold my dog. I just found out and I am trying to find the people (person) who bought him. I will pay anything to get him back … I do not have my phone with me. You can email me. The phone number is my mom's she is helping me locate him. If you have any information PLEASE give us a call or an email."
The note went viral on social media, and Gabbert's family was able to locate the dog, which had been bought by a military family. When Gabbert's mother contacted the new owners, they were reluctant to give up Baxter.
"They keep saying they have children that are attached," Gabbert's mother, Karen Fraley, told KOAA. "Well my child is attached to the dog. Just because he is older doesn't mean he is not my child."
Supporters set up a Facebook page supporting Gabbert's cause.
"We are not going to stop until we have the dog in our hands," said Nancy Wallace, a member of the support group. Wallace said they have raised $1,400 to pay to the new owners. This week, she reported that there is an agreement in the works for the new owner to return Baxter to Gabbert.
The Colorado Shiba Inu Rescue, a nonprofit organization, has offered to find a new puppy for Baxter's current owners.
"There are plenty of adoptable Shiba Inus out there," said a representative at the organization. "We are more than willing to find the family a new dog and they can adopt a puppy that needs a home."
Posted by John Woestendiek June 20th, 2014 under Muttsblog, videos.
Tags: afghanistan, animals, baxter, craigslist, deployed, dog, dogs, ex, girlfriend, new, owners, pets, return, robert gabbert, sells, shiba inu, sold, soldier
Comments: 1
Pop goes the dog treat
No longer do those of us who like to watch our dogs catch treats in mid-air have to go to all the effort of tossing them.
New from Purina, Beggin' Party Poppers have hit the market — bacon and cheese-flavored treats that come in a canister with a lid that resembles a pig face.
Push in the pig's nose, place a treat inside and, in a matter of seconds, the treat will be popped into the air for your dog to catch.
Sure, it may be easier to just toss the treat yourself, not to mention more of a bonding experience with your dog. But why bother with that when, for $18.97, you can let the canister launch a dog treat skyward for you?
That's the price listed for the product — treats and canister — on Amazon. A refill bag of treats, meanwhile — and we hope this is a mistake — is listed at $26.86 on Amazon. Other online sources have the refills in the $6-7 range. You can learn more at www.pighead.com.
It seems, at first glance, an over-priced little gimmick, but I wouldn't be surprised to see it evolve, perhaps into an app that allows you to shoot your dog a treat while sitting in your workplace cubicle, or a self-loading version that shoots out a treat every hour for dogs left home alone.
Imagine that. Your dog, if he's anything like mine, would spend 59 minutes of each hour staring at the machine, one minute of each chasing, catching and eating the treat. Dogs would begin to worship the treat machine even more than they do us. They'd sleep next to the treat machine. They'd bark at anyone who threatened the treat machine. They'd follow the treat machine — once a moving version, like those robo-vacuum cleaners, was perfected — everywhere it went.
And we'd have nothing to do but lay alone in our cold beds and look at our arms, grown flabby after we stopped tossing treats ourselves.
Yes, we're stretching to make a point, but, propelled by technology, the pet industry does seem to be going in that direction — coming out with products that make it easier than ever for us to pamper our dogs while ignoring them.
Purina's treat-launching pig is a harmless novelty, kind of fun, and it still requires a human's involvement to work.
But with automatic feeders already a reality, automatic treat dispensers can't be too far behind. Once automatic ball tossers and automatic ear scratchers hit the market, we dog-owning humans could find ourselves out of a job.
It's nice for our dogs to stay occupied, but we shouldn't turn too much of that job over to machines and robots.
That will only make our dogs, and us, more robot-like.
Posted by John Woestendiek March 3rd, 2014 under Muttsblog, videos.
Tags: animals, bacon, beggin', beggin' party poppers, canister, catch, cheese, convenience, dog, dog food, dog treats, dogs, industry, launch, market, marketing, new, pets, pig, pig head, poppers, products, purina, throw, treats
Comments: 3


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Description: Public opinion polls are everywhere. Journalists report their results without hesitation, and political activists of all kinds spend millions of dollars on them, fueling the widespread assumption that elected officials "pander" to public opinion--that they tailor their policy decisions to the results of polls. In this provocative and engagingly written book, the authors argue that the reality is quite the opposite. In fact, when not facing election, contemporary presidents and members of Congress routinely ignore the public's policy preferences and follow their own political philosophies, as well as those of their party's activists, their contributors, and their interest group allies. Politicians devote substantial time, effort, and money to tracking public opinion, not for the purposes of policymaking, but to change public opinion--to determine how to craft their public statements and actions to win support for the policies they and their supporters want. Taking two recent, dramatic episodes--President Clinton's failed health care reform campaign, and Newt Gingrich's "Contract with America"--as examples, the authors show how both used public opinion research and the media to change the public's mind. Such orchestrated displays help explain the media's preoccupation with political conflict and strategy and, the authors argue, have propelled levels of public distrust and fear of government to record highs. Revisiting the fundamental premises of representative democracy, this accessible book asks us to reexamine whether our government really responds to the broad public or to the narrower interests and values of certain groups. And with the 2000 campaign season heating up, Politicians Don't Pander could not be more timely. "'Polling has turned leaders into followers,' laments columnist Marueen Dowd of The New York Times. Well, that's news definitely not fit to print say two academics who have examined the polls and the legislative records of recent presidents to see just how responsive chief executives are to the polls. Their conclusion: not much. . . . In fact, their review and analyses found that public opinion polls on policy appear to have increasingly less, not more, influence on government policies."--Richard Morin, The Washington Post
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Robert Y. Shapiro is professor of political science at Columbia University.
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text: World Acceptance Corporation (NASDAQ: WRLD) today reported record financial results for its first fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2013. Net income for the first quarter rose 2.2% to $23.1 million compared with $22.6 million for the same quarter of the prior year. Net income per diluted share increased 14.7% to $1.87 from $1.63 when comparing the two quarterly periods. "World Acceptance's financial results reached record levels in the first quarter. Our net income per dilutive share benefitted from our ongoing share repurchase program," stated Sandy McLean, CEO. In the first quarter, the Company repurchased approximately 413,000 shares. Combined with the 2.6 million shares repurchased during fiscal 2013, the Company has reduced its weighted average diluted shares outstanding by 11.2% when comparing the two quarterly periods. Total revenues increased to $145.3 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2014, a 9.4% increase over the $132.8 million reported in the first quarter last year. Interest and fee income increased 11.0%, from $115.3 million to $128.0 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2014 due to continued growth in loan volume and expansion of offices. Insurance and other income was down 1.4% to $17.3 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2014 compared with $17.5 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2013. The provision for loan losses rose 21.5% to $28.7 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2014 compared to the prior year first quarter. Annualized net charge-offs as a percent of average net loans were 13.5% for the three month period ended June 30, 2013, compared with 12.2% for the first quarter of last fiscal year. "Although this is our second consecutive quarter with increased charge-off ratios, we remain focused on managing our credit risks as this is a key driver of our earnings," continued Mr. McLean. Gross loans outstanding increased 9.6% to $1.1 billion at June 30, 2013, up from $1.0 billion at June 30, 2012.


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State police at the Lehighton barracks are investigating a criminal mischief incident whereby someone damaged the lawn of a property in Lower Towamensing Township.
The incident happened at 2 a.m. Nov. 21. The victim is Joshua Poysher, 32, of 2735 Hahn's Dairy Road, Palmerton.
No details of how the damage was caused were provided by police.


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Over 100 Arctic dogs from around the country have participated, over the weekend, in Ciumani commune in Harghita County, in the first dog sled race of the season, the competition being highly appreciated by the dozens of spectators.
More images on the AGERPRES FOTO website
Over 100 Arctic dogs line up in first dog sled race of the season
FEATURE Over 100 Arctic dogs line up in first dog sled race of the season — http://goo.gl/bbdR66Posted by AGERPRES News Agency on Sunday, 17 January 2016
Since the morning, dogs of the Alaskan Malamute, Siberian Husky and the Samoyed breeds showed their eagerness to race, and their joy was even greater seeing their handlers or mushers preparing their harnesses and sleds.
The course, set up on the edge of the Ciumani commune was pretty easy, and the 28 teams traveled different distances depending on the number of dogs. Even if the longest course didn't exceed ten kilometers, some of the mushers were hindered by the fact that ice-covered portions existed on the course.
Tibor Bencze of Miercurea Ciuc, one of the veterans of such competitions in Romania, had a few mishaps on the course, one of which resulted in one of the brakes for his sled becoming undone, but admits that despite the inconvenience, the eight dogs that he took to the race, most of them Siberian Huskies, were very glad to participate in the first race of the year.
"The course was very hard, not because of the length or the terrain, but because there is little snow and there are portions with water and ice. We are used to falling, but when the snow is high the falls are bearable, whereas on ice it tends to get very tough. The dogs felt well because we have finally come to compete, it being the second time this winter when we're sledding because there was no snow, not even for practice, so they're happy," said Tibor Bencze.
He claims he is competing purely for pleasure, without many ambitions of climbing a rung of the podium, and that he cannot envisage his life without the dogs he loves and cherishes as if they were family members.
Another renowned mushed is Zoltan Parajdi of Miercurea Ciuc, who also competed in the event with and eight-dog sled, all Siberian Huskies, and who managed to finish the course with no incidents. He mentioned that the lack of snow canceled the first event of the year in Baile Tusnad and determined some of the mushers to climb to the mountains with the dogs in order to train.
"As for training, we're training since December at high altitudes, at 1,400 — 1,800 meters, where there is enough snow. It's harder now than it was 10 — 15 years ago, because the snow is no longer predictable. It will snow half a meter to a meter and in a week it will melt due to the heat. It's no longer as it was before, when from the mid-November to mid-March we'd have snow. Now it snows, then it melts, so we cannot have a long-term training plan," said Zoltan Parajdi.
This year, as a national premiere, the Ciumani competition saw the presentation to the wider public of two Greenland dogs (also known as the Esquimaux breed), co-owned by architect Razvan Barsan of Bucharest, a sledding afficionado, and Rica Grosu and Mariana Vrabie of Balan, known Malamute breeders and some of the best mushers in Romania.
Razvan Barsan stated for AGERPRES that he changed three planes and three trains in order to get north of the Arctic Circle and bring back Sky, a Greenland dog several months old, to join Siera, a female of the same breed brought by Rica Grosu from Germany.
"I changed three planes and three trains in order to bring Sky from the Arctic Circle, and the female — Siera — was brought from Germany. They are the first Greenland dogs in Romania, we are co-owners. They are special because no others exist in Romania, there are few other [breeds] that are smarter and better for sledding, they are agile and we have noticed in international competitions that they do their job very well," said Razvan Barsan.
Mariana Vrabie, a Malamute breeder with extensive experience mentioned that it is a dream come true to have Greenland dogs after seeing them in international competitions in the past years.
"It's a dream we've had for a long time, since we started attending international championships. We've seen Greenland dogs competing in the same category with Alaskan Malamutes and Samoyeds and the podium always featured the Samoyeds and the Greenland dogs. For me, Greenland dogs are an object of study, a curiosity. Now, them being young, 4-5 months, they seem far more receptive than Malamute pups and far more agile. We have high expectations from the, it is a dream to have more and more and we're waiting for them to be healthy, to take them to shows, have them judged and then have the pups we so eagerly expect," Mariana Vrabie revealed.
Even if they did not take part in the competition, the two Greenland dogs represented an attraction for spectators, especially given their liveliness and outgoing behaviour.
The Ciumani Competition was the first in the competition calendar of the year and will be followed by similar competitions to be held in Borsec, Lacu Rosu, but also in locations in Cluj and Suceava counties. AGERPRES


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Coughlin bracing for electrifying Olympic experience DELAWARE, Ohio (Dec. 2) -- Eight years ago, four-time Pro Stock champion Jeg Coughlin Jr. helped carry the Olympic flame to the Salt Lake City Winter Games. In 2010, he plans to help his...
Coughlin bracing for electrifying Olympic experience
DELAWARE, Ohio (Dec. 2) -- Eight years ago, four-time Pro Stock champion Jeg Coughlin Jr. helped carry the Olympic flame to the Salt Lake City Winter Games. In 2010, he plans to help his friends with USA Bobsledding mine some precious metal at the Winter Games in Vancouver as part of the rising team's boisterous support group.
"We're heading up to Vancouver to watch these guys and girls win some medals," Coughlin said. "The team has been doing really well and everyone expects them to have a great showing so we want to add our support and be a part of it all."
Coughlin got involved with USA Bobsledding three years ago through NASCAR legend Geoff Bodine's Bo-Dyn Bobsled Project, Inc., a non-profit organization committed to researching, developing, and manufacturing bobsleds for U.S. athletes. Together with Bob Cuneo of Chassis Dynamics, Bodine created the Bo-Dyn Bobsled Project in 1992 after learning that USA Bobsledding was using castoff sleds from the European teams.
Each year, Coughlin and a team of NHRA professionals take on a group of NASCAR stars in the Lucas Oil Bobsled Challenge presented by Whelen Engineering to raise money to support the Bo-Dyn Bobsled Project. JEGS Mail Order, the company owned by Coughlin and his three brothers, also sponsors a sled in the event, which Coughlin drove to a podium finish in 2008.
"Racing bobsleds is one of the most unique experiences I've ever had," Coughlin said. "In drag racing we're cinched in our cars as tight as can be and we go straight down the track. It's something I've done thousands of times. In bobsledding, you're not strapped in at all and when they feed you into that ice chute you have no choice but to take it down the mountain. It's going to the bottom of the hill. How it arrives is up to you.
"Of course, bobsledding is one of those Olympic sports you watch and say, 'I would do that,' but until you do there's no way of expressing how much ability it takes. I have such admiration for our athletes. I've made probably 40 or so runs in my life and I'm just now at a point where I don't feel totally out of control. To see our Olympic athletes go from the top and hit speeds of 90 mph yet make it look so easy is mind-boggling."
Coughlin, Morgan Lucas, Shawn Langdon, and a few yet-to-be-named NHRA pros will once again head to Lake Placid Jan 8-10 for the upcoming fifth annual Lucas Oil Geoff Bodine Bobsled Challenge presented by Whelen Engineering. Then Coughlin and family will turn their attention to Vancouver for the Olympics, which run from Feb. 12-28.
"I've never been to the Olympics so I'm excited," Coughlin said. "We're going as guests of the Bodine group and we plan on watching some curling, ice skating, skiing, hockey, and lots of bobsledding. In fact, the bobsled team will be practicing in Lake Placid when we're there for the Bo-Dyn Challenge so I'm sure the mood will be electric."
-credit: team jegs


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GraphicRiver Set Buildings of Small Business Flat Design 9476055
Stock Vector \ Objects \ Buildings
Business \ Design \ Template \ Switch \ Street \ Buildings \ Vector \ WebSet
Stock Vector - Set Buildings of Small Business Flat Design 9476055 by Bolsunova @ GraphicRiver
Stock Vector \ Objects \ Buildings
Set of buildings in the style of small business flat design.
Layered: No; Graphics Files Included: JPG Image, Vector EPS; Minimum Adobe CS Version: CS.
Love and Cake Bokeh Background; Love Pink Ribbon with Cake Background; Love and Cake Bokeh Background; Love Loading Bar; Love in Pink for Valentines; Love Pink Ribbon; Colorful Banners.
Keywords: architecture, bakery, bank, building, buying, city, design, element, environment, flat, house, illustration, infographics, information, market, nature, office, people, pharmacy, salon, set, small business, street, switch, template, town, tree, urban, vector, web.


text: Vogue 7002; ca. 1979; Misses' Dress. Loose-fitting, pullover dress, three inches below mid-knee or evening length, with front, back and sleeves gathered into front-buttoned yoke, has square neckline, front-buttoned band closing, pockets in side seams, full, full-length or three-quarter length raglan sleeves elasticized at lower edge. Self tie belt holds in fullness at waistline. Topstitching.


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We help you locate a Arisaig trumpet tutor. Trumpet lessons are the perfect method to start an entertaining new hobby, acquire a new talent and gain confidence with trumpet. Please use our service to find Arisaig trumpet teachers and determine which best suits your needs so you can begin your trumpet tuition in Arisaig straight away!
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Hey what`s up everyone this is JchunGeek from AccessoryGeeks.com, today I am going to talk to you guys about Tmobile Samsung Galaxy S2 Silicone Over Hard Case in black blue.
This case right here is perfect for someone who just want to keep their phone well protected I noticed these phones goes for hundreds of dollars nowadays and you don't want to damaged this phone. So this particular case is not as protective as an Otterbox case or Trident case but it is very very similar this is the closest you going to get to those products. And its similar in the way it's a dual layer so it got a snap on plastic case that's over your phone and a then the rubber silicone case that goes over the hard plastic so it got that dual layer protection similar again to Otterbox Defender Case or Commuter Case. First of all this doesn't come with a holster so if you`re looking for a holster you might want to go with the Otterbox or the Trident case.
This particular case do offer you in different colors, its got if you look at here all of the cutoffs are available for the speakers, the camera, that's not obstructed. You can still take pictures and videos as you pleased. It actually cover the volume button but you are still able to use it. I guess you don't have to scoffs it or damage it. It`s got a silicone flaps that goes over the headphone jack and whatever elses there, probably a mic. But those are protected so you can go turn over the silicone flap to use your headphone so when you`re not using it you can just keep the cover.
This one didn't come with the screen protector so you would purchase it separately, we do have many different type of screen protectors available so just go and check those out. Again like I mention it has a dual layer protection, protects from scratches and dust. Its easily installable, you just snap on the plastic case and stretch the silicone case over so you don't have to use any tools to do this. Basically snap and go. Again here you can see on the side we do have them in red and black, white and black so you can choose it whatever color you prefer.
Again this is will only compatible to T-Mobile Samsung Galaxy S2, its not going to work for the SkyRocket, its not going to work for the Vibrant. Only for the T-Mobile. Please make sure of that before you purchase it because we had many mistake order, customer orders for the incorrect model of the galaxy S2. Again there`s so many models .stars to see confusing. If you guys have any question though, you can give us a call at any Geeks here in AccessoryGeeks will be more than happy to assist with selecting the correct case for your phone.
Again this is perfect for everyday use, if you want more than just a silicone hard case protection but don't need the extreme protection like Otterbox or Trident. This would be the next best options especially for the price range that.
Check it out, if you guys have any question feel free at AccessoryGeeks.com and remember, you got it from a geek.
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Federated Investors ( FII): Citigroup upgraded Federated to buy following news on Thursday that the Securities and Exchange Commission doesn't plan to move forward with plans for increased regulation with regard to money markets. "On 8/23, the SEC Chairman acknowledged the regulator does not have the necessary votes to bring forth proposals for further money market reform," the firm said. "This is clearly a major structural positive for money market players in particular, and moderate positive for Traditional Managers at large." As part of the call, Citi also its raised price targets for shares of Federated, Charles Schwab ( SCHW), Invesco Ltd. ( IVZ), Legg Mason ( LM) and BlackRock ( BLK). "While low ST
short-term rates remain an issue, prior reform could have moved substantial money from the industry and would raise friction risk for money flowing back toward LT MFs long-term mutual funds ," the firm said. -- Written by Michael Baron in New York. >To contact the writer of this article, click here: Michael Baron.


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The building was built in 1955 and renovated in 1999 and is made up of a 7 floor main building with a total of 68 rooms of which 4 are singles and 64 are doubles. The hotel has a 24-hour reception with a safe, a currency exchange facility and a lift. There is a hairdresser's salon, a TV room and an air-conditioned restaurant available to hotel guests as well as a conference room and room and laundry services.Refurbished and warm rooms, all with bathroom and hairdryer, air conditioning, heating, TV with international channels and telephone, free safe, telephone and Internet.
Metro: Follow signs for Madrid Metro at the airport and take line 8 to Nuevos Ministerios. Once there go to line 10 to Plaza de España. Once there, look for exit to the Ministerio de Justicia (have to walk a few aisles inside the meter). When leaving, leave the Ministry to your left and walk along Calle San Bernardo to the Gran Via Hotel that is located at number 29-31, in San Bernardo Street.


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Over recent decades, decentralization has emerged as a key Public Sector Reform strategy in a wide variety of international contexts. Yet, despite its emergence as a ubiquitous activity that cuts across disciplinary lines in international development, decentralization is understood and applied in…
Paperback – 2017-05-22
Regulatory change is typically understood as a response to significant crises like the Great Depression, or salient events that focus public attention, like Earth Day 1970. Without discounting the importance of these kinds of events, change often assumes more gradual and less visible forms. But how…
Paperback – 2017-02-27
The collection brings together scholars from Public Policy and Foreign Policy to address the theme of policy fiascos. So far research on failure and fiascos in both Public Policy and Foreign Policy has existed independent of each other with very little communication between the two sub-disciplines.…
Hardback – 2016-11-16
Journal of European Public Policy Special Issues as Books
The Maastricht Treaty, signed in 1992 and ratified in the following year, is widely seen as a landmark in the evolution of the European Union. It introduced into the treaty framework revolutionary new elements such as the co-decision procedure between the Council and the European Parliament,…
Paperback – 2015-04-27
Journal of European Integration Special Issues
The book explores theoretical, methodological, and empirical underpinnings of administrative culture as well as prospects and challenges associated with it in the context of and across developing and transitional countries. Referring to dominant norms and values in public organizations…
Hardback – 2014-11-03
This book reflects on the role and task perception as well as the behaviour of councillors in the changing context of local democracy. Political leadership at the local level has attracted growing attention in recent years in parallel with reforms of local government and of the municipal…
Hardback – 2014-10-03
How does an authoritarian state reform its police force following a transition to democracy? In 1998, Indonesia, the third largest country in the world, faced just such a challenge. Policing had long been managed under the jurisdiction of the military, as an instrument of the Suharto regime – and…
Hardback – 2014-05-19
Rethinking Southeast Asia
The application of digital information and communication technologies (ICTs) to reform governmental structures, politics, and public administration is widely and perhaps naively viewed as the twenty-first century "savior," the enlightened way to reinvigorate democracy and improve the quality of…
Paperback – 2011-09-27
The plunging of Kenya, until recently a centre of stability and growth in East Africa, into political and economic uncertainty following the general election of December 2007 is regarded as a major cause for global and African concern. It is widely accepted that the elections were deeply…
Hardback – 2010-04-14


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Currently 2.00/512345 Rating: 2.0/5 (Total votes: 1)
Rating: 2.0/5 (Total votes: 1)
Today we have a very cool update from Nintendo DS developer ant512 who has released an updated version of EarthShakerDS. This update brings the cool release to version 20120513. EarthShakerDS is a remake of the classic game Earth Shaker which was released as a clone of Boulderdas back in 1990 for the Sinclair ZX Spectrum. Here is what ant512 had to say about this release.
"Here's an unexpected EarthShakerDS release!
EarthShakerDS 20120513
Changes this time around include:
- The ability to load and save levels in the editor with user-defined names (so you can have more than one custom level, and share them with other people);
- A "Custom Level" option on the title screen listing all user-created levels
- Slightly re-organised level editor;
- The ability to load and save boulder/wall/door/soil types in a custom level;
- Fixed for the latest devkitARM;
- Updated to the latest WoopsiGfxGameTemplate (fixes SDL version);
- Start button can be used to test a level in the editor;
- Select button can page through level editor menu panels.
I need to finish off the file requester in the level editor and it'll finally be finished."
Source: http://forum.gbadev.org/viewtopic.php?t=17531&postdays=0&postorder=asc&start=15
Official Site: https://bitbucket.org/ant512/earthshakerds


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Simplicity 4881; ©1943; Boy's Shirt and Trousers: The tailored shirt is finished with a double yoke and the short trousers may be lined or unlined. In style I, the shirt has long sleeves, pleated to the buttoned cuff. The trousers button to the shirt and have a purchased belt. In style II. the trousers button to the short-sleeved shirt of style III has a rolled collar. The suspenders cross in back and button to the trousers.
See Simplicity 1953 for the printed version of this pattern.
Links to reviews/blog postsEdit
- Selvedgeshop Size 4T
- RosesPatterntreasury Size 6


text:
- lexemic
- adjective see lexeme
New Collegiate Dictionary. 2001.
New Collegiate Dictionary. 2001.
lexemic — adjective Of or relating to a lexeme … Wiktionary
lexemic — lex·em·ic … English syllables
lexemic — adjective see lexeme … Useful english dictionary
linguistics — /ling gwis tiks/, n. (used with a sing. v.) the science of language, including phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, and historical linguistics. [1850 55; see LINGUISTIC, ICS] * * * Study of the nature and structure of… … Universalium
lexeme — noun Etymology: Greek lexis word, speech + English eme more at lexicon Date: 1940 a meaningful linguistic unit that is an item in the vocabulary of a language • lexemic adjective … New Collegiate Dictionary
Rhyme scheme — A rhyme scheme is the pattern of rhyming lines in a poem or song. It is usually referred to by using letters to indicate which lines rhyme. In other words, it is the pattern of end rhymes.For example A,B,A,B, indicates a four line stanza in which … Wikipedia
Rhyming dictionary — This article is about a type of reference work used in composing poetry. For the special type of Chinese phonological dictionary, see Rime dictionary. A rhyming dictionary is a specialist dictionary designed for use in writing poetry and lyrics.… … Wikipedia
Poglish — Contents 1 Mis metaphrase 2 False friends 3 Latin calques 4 … Wikipedia
Lamb, Sydney M. — ▪ American linguist in full Sydney MacDonald Lamb born May 4, 1929, Denver, Colo., U.S. American linguist and originator of stratificational grammar, an outgrowth of glossematics theory. (Glossematics theory is based on glossemes, the… … Universalium
Linguistic relativity and the color naming debate — Linguistic relativity stems from a question about the relationship between language and thought, about whether one s language determines the way one thinks. This question has given birth to a wide array of research within a variety of different… … Wikipedia


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More than a quarter of the world's top 200 art collectors maintain their own museums or exhibition spaces, according to ARTnews. Microsoft's co-founder, Seattle billionaire Paul Allen, is now a member of this elite coterie. After his propitious launch of … Read More
Inspired by a rare opportunity to acquire iconic Clyfford Still paintings, buyers made headlines in 2011 when Sotheby's auctioned four Still canvases for $114 million, nearly twice the combined asking price. The most expensive paintings, 1949-A-No.1 and 1947-Y-No.2, sold for … Read More
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