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Star Trek: Insurrection
Cast: Jonathan Frakes, Patrick Stewart, Brent Spiner, LeVar Burton
Star Trek: Insurrection manages to recall the original 1960s series' spirit of liberalism, while transcending it for sheer boldness, embracing issues that are on the political cutting edge in the 1990s and beyond. The fact that the first 30 minutes are presented as a mystery only makes the material more engrossing. While assisting a survey team of Federation allies observing the populace of a distant planet, Lt. Commander Data (Brent Spiner) seemingly goes berserk and attacks the survey team, exposing their existence to the populace and jeopardizing the mission. Captain Picard (Patrick Stewart) brings the Enterprise into orbit to try and apprehend Data and find out what happened . He discovers that the mission isn't one of observation, but the involuntary relocation of a small, peaceful population, undertaken by the Federation and its rogue planet allies the Son'a, supposedly to secure the planet's youth-restoring qualities. As it turns out, there's a much darker side to the plans of the Son'a, and a personal side to the carnage planned by the Son'a leader Ru'afo (F. Murray Abraham). Picard and his officers, suitably outraged by this violation of the Prime Directive -- that no Federation mission may interfere with the natural evolution of an alien culture -- take matters into their own hands in an attempt to expose the plot to public scrutiny, risking their lives in the process.
Editorial Reviews
Product Details
- Release Date:
- 04/30/2013
- 0097360729245
- Original Release:
- 1998
- Rating:
- Source:
- Paramount
- Presentation:
- [Wide Screen]
- Time:
- 1:42:00
- Sales rank:
- 31,462
Cast & Crew
|Patrick Stewart
|Captain Jean-Luc Picard
|Jonathan Frakes
|Cmdr. William Riker
|Brent Spiner
|Lieutenant Commander Data
|LeVar Burton
|Lt. Cmdr. Geordi LaForge
|Michael Dorn
|Lt. Cmdr. Worf
|Gates McFadden
|Dr. Beverly C. Crusher
|Marina Sirtis
|Lt. Cmdr. Deanna Troi
|F. Murray Abraham
|Donna Murphy
|Anthony Zerbe
|Admiral Dougherty
|Gregg Henry
|Daniel Hugh Kelly
|Michael Welch
Technical Credits
|Jonathan Frakes
|Peter E. Berger
|Rick Berman
|Original Story,Producer
|Thomas D. Causey
|Sound/Sound Designer
|John M. Dwyer
|Set Decoration/Design
|Jerry Fleck
|Asst. Director
|Terry Frazee
|Special Effects Supervisor
|Jerry Goldsmith
|Score Composer
|Sanja Milkovic Hays
|Costumes/Costume Designer
|R.J. Hohman
|Special Effects
|Martin Hornstein
|Executive Producer
|Adam Howard
|Special Effects Supervisor
|Peter Lauritson
|Matthew Leonetti
|Junie Lowry-Johnson
|Michael Piller
|Original Story,Screenwriter
|Jim Rygiel
|Special Effects Supervisor
|Patrick Stewart
|Associate Producer
|Michael Westmore
|Ron Wilkinson
|Art Director
|Herman Zimmerman
|Production Designer
Scene Index
Customer Reviews
Average Review:
Most Helpful Customer Reviews
See all customer reviews
Warf gets a pimple. Picard has a deep conversation with a slightly attractive woman. Data show's he's really a danger to everyone. The Enterprise saves 500 Amish people. Riker has his laywer file an angry letter against the Federation.


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Inspect the spark plug for the following:
Deposit build-up that is closing the gap between the electrodes. Deposits are caused by oil or carbon fouling. Clean the spark plug..
Inspection & Gapping
Check the plugs for deposits and wear. Look carefully at the center electrode protrudes through the center of the porcelain. If the center electrode is eroded or rounded, replace the spark plugs. If the plugs are not going to be replaced, clean the plugs thoroughly. Remember that any kind of deposit will decrease the efficiency of the plug. Plugs can be cleaned on a spark plug-cleaning machine, which are sometimes found in service stations. These machines do a good job of cleaning the spark plug, although they tend to remove the protective anti-corrosive coating on the spark plug threads. They also cause the surface of porcelain around the center electrode to become slightly porous, allowing deposits to bond more easily to the porcelain. If a plug cleaner is used to clean the plugs, be sure the plug is thoroughly cleaned. The abrasive material used in the spark plug cleaners is very hard, and if allowed to enter the engine's combustion chamber, could cause internal damage. An acceptable job of cleaning the spark plug can be accomplished by using a stiff wire brush. Once the plugs are cleaned, the spark plug gap must be checked and reset to specification.
Always check the spark plug gap before installation. Using a suitable spark plug gap gauge, check the spark plug gap. Make sure the L-shaped electrode connected to the body of the spark plug is parallel to the center electrode. If necessary, adjust the L-shaped electrode to attain the correct gap and proper alignment. Make sure to use the specified size wire gauge, which must pass between the electrodes with a slight drag; the next larger size should not be able to pass, while the next smaller size should pass freely. When adjusting a spark plug gap, always set the gap to the minimum specification to allow for electrode wear.
Always check the gap on new plugs as they are not always set correctly at the factory. Do not use a flat feeler gauge when measuring the gap because the reading may be inaccurate. A round-wire type gapping tool is the best tool for checking the plug gap. The correct gauge should pass through the electrode gap with a slight drag. If in doubt, try one size smaller and one larger. The smaller gauge should go through easily, while the larger one shouldn't go through at all. Wire gapping tools usually have a bending tool attached. Use this to adjust the side electrode until the proper clearance is obtained. Never attempt to bend the center electrode. Be careful not to bend the side electrode too far or too often as it may weaken and break off inside the engine, requiring removal of the cylinder head to retrieve it.
The recommended plug gap for original equipment spark plugs for spark plugs where gapping is permitted is as follows:
Removal & Installation
- Before servicing the vehicle, refer to the Precautions section.
- Switch off ignition.
- Disconnect the negative battery cable.
- If equipped, removal engine cover.
- Remove ignition coils.
- Unscrew spark plugs with special tool 12 1 171.
- To install, reverse removal procedure. Tighten spark plugs to 18 ft. lbs. (24 Nm).
Spark Plug Heat Range
The spark plug heat range is the ability of the plug to dissipate heat. The deeper the insulator recedes into the body of the spark plug, the more heat the spark plug will retain and the hotter the plug will operate. If the amount the insulator recedes into the body of the spark plug is decreased, the less the plug will retain heat, and the cooler it will operate. A plug that absorbs little heat and remains too cool will quickly accumulate deposits of oil and carbon since it is not hot enough to burn them off. This causes carbon to build up on the porcelain insulator and the center electrode, creating an alternate path for the high energy electrical spark which eventually leads to spark plug fouling and consequently to misfiring.
A spark plug that absorbs too much heat will burn off deposits, however, due to the increased combustion temperature, the electrodes may also burn away more quickly and the excessive heat may cause pre-ignition or internal engine damage. Pre-ignition, also referred to as detonation, takes place when the combustion chamber gets hot enough to ignite the air/fuel mixture before the actual spark occurs. This early ignition may cause a "pinging", knocking or rattling noise during low speed acceleration or when operated under a heavy load condition, such as climbing a steep hill. Note that detonation can occur without being heard.
On engines equipped with Knock Sensors (KS), the Engine Control Module (ECM) will retard the ignition timing to prevent internal engine damage when detonation is detected. This will allow the engine to operate safely, however performance will be compromised.
The general rule of thumb for choosing the correct heat range when selecting a spark plug is: consult the vehicle's owner's manual or a spark plug manufacturer's supply catalog for recommendations. If only one heat range of spark plug is listed, use the recommended plug, and note the recommended spark plug gap. If more than one heat range of spark plug is listed, depending on operating conditions, evaluate the type of driving the vehicle is most often subjected to. If the vehicle is used for extended high speed, long distance travel for long periods of time, in warm weather, use the colder plug of the recommend spark plugs. If, however, most of the driving is stop and go, or the vehicle is operated in extremely cold climates, use the hotter of the recommended spark plugs. Usually, original equipment plugs are a good compromise between the 2 styles of driving, and most vehicles rarely need to have their plugs differ from the factory-recommended heat range.

subset: commoncrawl


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How do I get there?
Directions to:
- NaturaSi - Via Carlo Pisacane
- Via Carlo Pisacane, 2/A, Verona, Italy, 37123
- +39-045-8034470
Note: Driving directions do not work in all areas of the world.
If this is not working for you, consider going directly to Google.
Please Report Incorrect Markers.


text:
Erasing Online Data Is Now Possible With Global Marketing Asesores
"Erasing" online data that harms your reputation is possible with Global Marketing.
Global marketing (29 September 2016): Global marketing is one of the leading online marketing company that can make a great difference to your business. When it comes to any business, online reputation plays a very major roll. However, there are times when unwanted information gets published on the internet that causes a great harm to the online reputation of a brand. The leading companies like the Global marketing can help you sort out the problems by erasing unwanted information from various online sources. These leading companies deal with hundreds of search engine that helps them to secure the required information. Global marketing is one among companies that renders the service of maintaining the online reputation of various client worldwide.
In modern times reputation en internet of a company can be easily spoiled. There are a number of options available in the internet where you can write reviews and blogs. It is easy to write negative comments about services and products that can easily spoil the reputation of a company. One of the greatest disadvantages of negative reputation is the fact that it spreads like a wildfire. Nowadays customers and buyers are very much aware of reviews. Thus before buying anything the customer would go and check the reviews. While the customer finds a negative review there are chances that the customer would change his mind. This is one of the major reason for the decline of sales of products and services.
Global Marketing has successfully maintained a client base that trusted by the various organization when it comes to saving of Reputation online. Among various other reasons one of the most important reasons for saving the online reputation of an organization is the fact that search engines like Google also takes into account of the reputation of a company website. While there are negative comments and statements of the organization the optimization process will be greatly affected.
For more information, visit http://www.globalmarketingasesores.com/reputacion-online/
Global Marketing Asesores
Joaquin Rios
Phone: +34 665977485
EMAIL: email@example.com
"Erasing" online data that harms your reputation is possible with Global Marketing.
Sep 29, 2016


text:
McCall's 5742; ©1977; Men's Set of Pants. Straight legged pants have fly front zipper and side front pockets; A or C have turned up cuffs. C or D have front pleats. Back pockets and waistbands are interchangeable. Satin ribbon at sides is optional.
Links to reviews/blog posts Edit
Sources/Vendors Edit
mbchills modern and vintage sewing patterns
Gallery Edit
[insert your photos of this pattern made up]
Wishlist Edit
[insert your username, and make sure your preferences allow for people to contact you via e-mail. Do not list your email address here!]


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What is JotForm?
JotForm is a free online form builder which helps you create online forms without writing a single line of code. No sign-up required.
At JotForm, we want to make sure that you're getting the online form builder help that you need. Our friendly customer support team is available 24/7.
We believe that if one user has a question, there could be more users who may have the same question. This is why many of our support forum threads are public and available to be searched and viewed. If you'd like help immediately, feel free to search for a similar question, or submit your question or concern.
Google spreadsheet integration not workingAsked by bluejock on April 03, 2013 at 08:52 PM
I have tried everything and nothing seem to work. Here is a test form I created: http://form.jotform.us/form/30928023284149 and here is the google spreadsheet that is generated: https://docs.google.com/a/imovechicago.com/spreadsheet/ccc?key=0AhvUY-s92JzgdDVZbDhkN29xT2FvNC1yR296b1QzUmc#gid=0 I have shared it with JotForm support. No data populates the spreadsheet.
I deleted all jot form forms, emptied the trash, closed the program and google apps and erased all cookies. Created a new form and authenticated it just fine. Spreadsheet abov was generated but when I enter data on the url form it does not populate.
Help. Don't know what else to do.
JotForm Support
Can you please share the spreadsheet again this one https://docs.google.com/a/imovechicago.com/spreadsheet/ccc?key=0AhvUY-s92JzgdDVZbDhkN29xT2FvNC1yR296b1QzUmc#gid=0
it is denying me access due to permissions again.
I will test the form.
It has ben shared with your email address firstname.lastname@example.com
JotForm Support
Can you please change the sharing settings to "Anyone with the link" instead.
This will be more accessible.
I run into the same issue. Used to work perfectly, but now submissions are synched to the sheet with a huge delay or not at all.
JotForm Support
Thanks for reporting.
We are aware of the issue, however we would recommend you to please open your question to a separate thread so we can forward it to our developers. This will give you updates once the reported problem has been resolved by posting it on your thread.
Thank you for your understanding.


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Immunization Titers are required by hospitals, vendor credentialing services, schools, and other organizations to demonstrate immunity to certain diseases in Canyon, TX.
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Lara Morton
Children of the Wild
In this 1938 drama, fur trapper Pete Taylor (LeRoy Mason) kills his partner and cooks up a plot to pin the attack on a police dog named Fang. The loyal canine is quickly tried and sentenced to die, but naturalist Tom Turner (James Bush) doubts the schemer's story. When a hungry eagle carries off a baby in their rural town, Fang springs to the rescue -- and Taylor just might be exposed for the liar and murderer that he is.


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Juke Music Streaming Service Launches In Germany
Wanna See My Music Collection? Juke, a new music streaming service, launched in Germany this month with 13 million licensed tracks.
BERLIN - On Sept. 1, a new cloud-streaming music service called Juke launched in Germany. The new service offers access to its with 13 million tracks for a monthly subscription fee of €9.99 euro (about $13.70).
Juke is run by 24-7 Entertainment GmbH, a subsidiary of the electronics and entertainment retail group Media-Saturn, Europe's largest electronics retailer.
The new streaming service has licensing deals with what it claims is 80,000 labels including the four major labels. Juke's tracks can be downloaded on both PCs and Mac platforms as well as Android and iPhone mobile phones and soon the Sonos Wireless HiFi System.
Co-Founder & CEO of 24-7 Entertainment, Frank Tauber told Billboard that the new service, "will first start in Germany, but soon will expand to be European-wide. It will be available anywhere and anytime via many devices with a simple and intuitive user-experience"."
Juke does not yet have an ad-funded model, but it does offer consumers a free 14-day period to test the service before signing up for the monthly subscription. It is also available in Germany's numerous Media Markt and Saturn stores.
But Juke is not the first to offerer a music streaming service in Germany: Simfy claims 13 million songs and is free in its basic version; Napster with 15 million tracks charges €7.95 euro ($10.80) in its basic version; and then there's Spotify, which has not yet launched in Germany, but debuted in the U.S. in July with 15 million tracks.
Gerrit Schumann, CEO of Germany's leading streaming company Simfy in Cologne seemed relatively unconcerned about his new competitor. "With our newly introduced premium tariff at €5.99 ($8.20), all Simfy users can now share their music with their friends -- even if they are not premium customers. It is our goal to have over 5 million users in 2012 in Germany."
One of Juke's big selling points differentiating itself from other music streaming services is its sound quality. "[Juke is available] in a variety of different audio qualities including the new Dolby Pulse, available for the first time in Europe," said Taubert.
Sonos wireless HiFi system is Juke's first hardware partner and can play songs from the user's music library, as well as from more than 100,000 radio stations and podcasts. It can also be controlled by Android, iPhone and iPads devices.


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Labels for kids' gear use codes to track lost items online
We've seen myriad tech-enabled lost and found services in recent years, most of them aimed at protecting expensive and hard-to-replace gear. Bringing the concept into a realm where the goods may be less valuable but the losses more frequent, Canadian Oliver's Labels offers labels for kids' items along with an online lost and found.
Spotted another good idea???
Join our network and earn rewards


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Brad Peterson Tickets
Brad Peterson Tickets Tickets Rated 0.00/5 based on 0 customer reviews 100 0
Brad Peterson (aka Trackmachine) has been in the studio and behind the decks since the early 90's. He was raised with a musical background and was first inspired to be a deejay/producer through the early midwest techno and house scene. After experiencing the shows in the early and mid '90s, in places like Ohio, to his hometown of Louisville, to Indiana, Chicago, and Detroit, and working in his studio in the mean time, he has been busy creating all kinds of music, but mainly deep & moody house tracks. He has music on lables such as Macintosh Music, Harley & Muscle/Little Angel, Moods and Grooves, and Altered Moods Recordings. Several of his mixes have been showcased on deep house websites such as deeprhythms.com, moods and grooves, and subgroundfm.net. Brad (aka Trackmachine) plays a moving, deep set... strictly for the head and body. Stay tuned for future releases and more sets on-line, to come Read more on Last.fm. User-contributed text is available under the Creative Commons By-SA License; additional terms may apply.
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text: Once upon a time on an island far away, a gentle tribe lived in peace and harmony. But one day an evil spirit broke free and wreaked havoc on their happy life: he put a curse on all of them! Only one member escaped the evil spell - you, the chosen one. Now it's up to you to save your tribe! Your task is to save a small tribe from an evil spell. To do this, you need to rescue the tribe's shaman who has been imprisoned by an evil spirit. On your journey as the Chosen One you will explore underground caves, dense jungles, deserted islands and high mountains in the exciting world of Tulula: Legend of a Volcano. Find the shattered pieces of the holy totem stones so that the shaman could use the power of the totem to expel the evil spirit and save the tribe!


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Yorkshire puddings
There are probably many that disagree with my recipe but I feel my pictures say it all, it works.
For my 6 fairly large puddings I used, almost as soon as I have had breakfast.
2 large eggs right from the fridge
1/3 cup flour, yesterday I used the same flour as I use for my bread


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In particular, RISC machines became popular. Even though Intel processors dominate the market, they use a lot of RISC ideas. Recall that RISC machine have the following features:
Basically, in RISC, some complex instructions were eliminated in favor of running several simpler instructions that did the same task. Initially, RISC used as few instructions as they could get away with. Some academic ISAs had only about a dozen instructions.
Over time, people realized this was not a reasonable way to develop an ISA. The decision about which instructions to keep and which instructions to get rid of were based on benchmark programs. If simulations showed that including an instruction in the ISA would improve performance (speed) in many typical programs (i.e., benchmarks), then the instruction was kept in the ISA. Otherwise, it was discarded.
As a result, a typical RISC program might contain many more instructions than its equivalent CISC program, since it may take more RISC instructions to run the equivalent CISC code. (Admittedly, it was expected that this would happen infrequently).
How can RISC programs possibly be faster? How can running more RISC instructions be faster than running fewer CISC instructions? Several ways. First, if you design a CPU that has a small set of instructions, then it's easier to design and optimize the hardware. You can then run the CPU at a faster clock rate.
The CPU may run more instructions, but each instruction will run quicker because of the higher clock rate. The hope is that the slowdown from executing more instructions is more than offset by running each instruction more quickly.
Second, some CISC instructions run in many clock cycles. For example, it may take many clock cycles to run an integer divide. CISC instructions may not always run in one clock cycle, while most RISC instructions attempt to run in one clock cycle (it doesn't always succeed either, but it succeeds more often than for CISC instructions).
Third, if RISC is to be successful, then memory has to be cheap and quick. A bigger program uses up more memory, and you need to be able to access instructions that must faster. It's not surprising that RISC became a viable way to design a CPU when memory costs started to decline. When memory was expensive, the key consideration was to keep total program lengths as short as could be managed, even if it meant the instructions took longer to execute on the CPU.
Even cheap memory is not enough. Memory (RAM) is often the bottleneck when executing code. This is an important fact to remember. You may have, say, 2 GHz machines, but typical RAM can not retrieve instructions from memory at that speed.
A solution is to use small, but fast memories. For example, accessing registers is very quick, while accessing RAM is comparatively slow. This suggests that if we want speed, we need more registers, and hope that most data stays in the registers, and that we rarely need to access RAM.
This is not a reasonable assumption. Registers simply don't hold enough memory.
However, if we can use small, fast memory---this is going to be called cache, then this memory is faster than RAM, but slower than registers, and we can keep the most commonly used data (or instructions) in the cache. There's going to more data in cache (typically 512 K or so) than in registers (typically, 128 bytes).
There's a basic principle about memory. If you want lots of memory, it will be cheap (i.e., it doesn't cost much) and it's slow (to access data). If you want very fast memory, it will be small (i.e., hold little data) and expensive (per byte of memory). Historically, there used to be two levels in the memory hierarchy: registers (very fast, but very few of them) and RAM (slow, but lots of it).
In the last 20 years or so (since about 1990), cache has become increasingly important. It lies between registers and physical memory in terms of size and speed. From slowest to fastest: disk, RAM, cache, registers. Each one is faster, yet smaller.
On the left are registers. They give you the fastest access time. Currently, access times for a register is about
You have a computer on your desk, and get your books online. You can download only so many books because your computer is limited in memory. The advantage of downloading the books onto your own computer is so that you can access the material quickly. Downloading the books is quite slow, so you hope not to do it very often.
If it weren't for the fact that you collect related books and write on those books for each chapter (say, 10 books on Greek mythology, then 10 books on Norse mythology), you might be forever downloading books. Even though the majority of books remain at the central library site, the books you need are on your computer, which is quick to access.
What happens if you have already downloaded 10 books (assuming they all take the same amount of space), and you want an 11th book? You will need to delete one of your books off your computer, to make room for the next book.
Which one should you pick? You could pick the one that you haven't read in the longest time. That policy is called "least recently used". Or you could see which book you've had on your computer the longest time. That policy is called "first in first out". Or perhaps the one you've looked at least. That's called "least frequently used".
In any case, you use some policy to decide which book to get rid of to make space for the new book.
Let's assume your computer can still store 10 books. There are two sites you can access books. However, there's the "Virtual Central Library" (VCL), which has any book that you might want. There's also a "Local Library" (LL).
Whenever you want to access a book, you will look in the Local Library (LL) first. If it's at the LL, you will copy the book to your own computer. If it's not there, the LL will contact the Virtual Central Library (VCL). The LL will copy the book to its own library (possibly removing a book from the LL to make space), and then you will copy the book from the LL to your own computer.
The LL is much smaller than the VCL, but can store more books than you can on your computer.
Thus, the LL serves as a "middle man". If the book you want is in the LL, you access it much faster than if you have to download it from the Virtual Central Library (VCL). For example, let's say it takes 1 second to access the LL, and 100 seconds to access the VCL.
However, when you are unable to find the book in the LL, you spend 100 seconds getting a copy from the VCL to the LL, and one more second to get it from the LL to your local computer. Thus, it's actually slower to use the LL (not by much) if the book you're looking for is not there. This is where we get a more accurate representation for cache.
Cache works very similarly. Basically, you want some data (or an instruction) at some address. This data either appears in the cache (which is like the LL) or it isn't. If it's not there, you need to access the data from RAM (which is like the VCL). This data is then copied to the cache, and then from the cache to the registers. Thus, the registers act like your local computer.
In fact, cache has become so useful, most modern CPUS often have two levels of cache. They are called L1 and L2 caches for level 1 and level 2 cache.
Here's how to visualize an L2 cache. Imagine a "State Library" (SL), which is bigger than the LL, but smaller than the VCL.
Every book in the LL is in the State Library (SL). However, the SL has more books than the LL. Every book the SL is also in the VCL. Thus, LL is a subset of SL, which is a subset of VCL.
To access a book, you go to the LL. If it's not there, you check the SL. If it's not there, you go to the VCL. That data gets copied to the SL, then back to the LL, and finally to your computer.
In principle, you can carry this idea of caching many, many levels.
Each level is a subset of the next level. The higher the level, the more memory, and the slower it gets. For example, we could label the levels of memory as L1, L2, L3, etc. where all the data in level Li is a subset of that in level Li+1.
When you look for data at a particular address, you search for it at the smallest level, and if you can't find it there, you look at the next level. Once you find the data you are looking for, you copy it down to the lower levels, possibly getting rid of a cache line in the process.
Definition A cache line is the "unit" of data you transfer to a cache. Typically, this number is a power of 2 (say, at least, 16 bytes).
For example, suppose you visit a particular webpage at a website. Initially, that webpage may be slow to download. But, when you visit another webpage and come back, it seems much faster "download" the old webpage. Why is that?
A local copy of the webpage is kept on your computer. Thus, your computer's hard drive (or possibly memory) is being used as a cache for that webpage. This can sometimes create problem, especially if the content of the webpage is always being updated (sports scores for a live games, for example).
These days, hard disks also have memory that serves as cache. Recall that hard disks are used to store files. Recall that hard disks are also slow. So, one idea is to use RAM as a cache for the disk. As files are accessed, place it in a special RAM just for files. When you want to edit a file, you check in the file RAM first, and if it's not there, then you check on the disk. This is done automatically for you, via the operating system.
As you can see, the principle of caching is simple. Use faster memory to store frequently accessed data.
The memory hierarchy wouldn't be very effective if two facts about programs weren't true. Programs exhibit spatial locality and temporal locality.
Do programs exhibit spatial locality? Yes, they do. For example, when you accessing data from arrays, you are accessing memory locations that are contiguous. Also, instructions usually run sequentially (with the occasionaly branch or jump). Since instructions are contiguous in memory, they exhibit spatial locality. When you run one instruction, you're likely to run the next one too. That's the nature of running programs.
This happens when you run code in a loop. You access the same instructions over and over. If you process an array in a loop (say, bubble sorting), then you access array elments over and over again too.
Each time you download a book, you would look in the local library. Assuming it's random, the probabilty that the book is in the LL would be low (since it stores only a small subset of the VCL). So you would have to go to the Virtual Central Library to find the book. Since accessing the VCL is very slow, you pay a fairly large cost (in time) for accessing books.
Furthermore, you have to copy that book from the VCL to the LL too. We copy the book to the LL, so it can be cached, and accessed again in the near future. However, since you're accessing books randomly, the books in the LL won't be used in the near future, and you will always have to access the VCL.
In effect, the LL is useless to you.
You get benefit from using the Local Library if you're accessing the books found in the LL all the time. When you search for the same books over and over, they appear in the LL, and access time is much smaller to access the LL than the VCL.
To apply the analogy to hardware, if you want to to access data and it's found in cache, you get savings in access time, since accessing data (or instructions) found in the cache is much quicker than accessing main memory, all the time.
On the other hand, if you don't access data in the cache very often, then the cache is not useful, and may in fact, cause a small delay than not having the cache at all.
What about spatial locality? This says that if you access address X, you are like to access addresses near X too.
Spatial locality suggests the following strategy when accessing data. Load the data from many contiguous addresses near X from RAM into the cache. That is, copy a block of data from memory to cache. This block should be larger than 4 bytes which is the typical amount you would access from RAM to registers.
This idea wouldn't be so great if it weren't quicker to access the entire block at once, as opposed to accessing the bytes one at a time. This makes some sense if you think about it. Suppose you were ordering books. If ordering 10 books at once took just as much time as ordering each book individually, then there's no need to order 10 books at a time. Just order them whenever you want them. (There's price----i.e., you might save money if you order 10 books at once, but there's no real analogy to price for hardware).
However, this turns out to be inconvenient. It's easier to access the data in the following way.
Suppose we want to copy a data block of 32 bytes from memory (instead of just 1 or 4 bytes). We need 5 bits to specify each of the 32 bits. Thus, 00000 is byte 0, and 11111 is byte 31.
Suppose you want to access address A31-0. Instead of accessing only that single address, generate the following 32 addresses:
That is, take the upper 27 bits of the address. Concatenate that with all possible 5 bit bitstrings (there are 32 such bitstrings).
This creates 32 consecutive addresses. Copy the data in those addresses from RAM to the cache. That data is called the cache line.
To see if you understand what's going on, how would you create the addresses if you wish to copy 64 bytes in a cache line.
Instead of using the upper 27 bits, you now use the upper 26 bits. You then create all possible 6-bit bitstrings (there are 64 of those) and concatenate them to the 26 bits. This creates 64 addresses in memory. Copy the 64 bytes from main memory to the cache.
We will give the upper 27 bits a name. We will call it the tag. Thus, when you have 32 bytes, you know exactly where they come from in memory, if you know the tag.
When we copy the 32 bytes, we place them in the cache in the same order they appear in memory. We can imagine that data being stored in an array with indexes 00000 up to 11111. (There are 32 elements in this array, which should not be so surprising, since that's how much we copied).
If we want to access address A31-5 00011, then we look at index 00011 of the "array", to get the data.
00011 is considered the offset into the array.
Given the tag and the offset, we know what address the data at a given offset is. For example, if we access the data at 00011, then this data is the same as the one at the address given by the tag concatenated with 00011, i.e., address A31-5 00011.
A slot consists of the following:
The total amount of memory used in a slot that stores 32 bytes in a cache line can be easily computed. There's 2 bits (one for V and D), plus the tag (27 bits), plus the data in the cache line (32 x 1 byte = 32 bytes = 256 bits). That's a total of 285 bits.
Here's a diagram of one slot.
There's variation to the slot, which we'll discuss when we talk about direct mapped cache, and set associative cache.
You want to maximize cache hits, because then you have much improved performance (speed).
You look for the address to see if it's one of the addresses in cache. If the address (and its contents) are NOT in the cache, then you must access it from main memory. This means that you must copy the data from memory to the cache.
Since the cache is a small subset of main memory, there may be data that you need to remove from the cache (just as you had to remove books from your computer, if you needed other books to replace it).
Thus, it's rather common to have two caches: an instruction cache that only stores instructions, and a data cache that only stores data.
You see some indication of this in the CPU design where there's "instruction memory" and "data memory".
There are two ways to do this:
This approach creates an inconsistency between cache and memory. Cache has one view of memory (which is accurate), while main memory does not have the latest updates.
Normally, this is not a problem. After all, there's only one CPU, so who else would need to access memory? However, if you had more than one CPU, each with their own cache, this problem of memory consistency becomes a much bigger issue. A CPU accessing memory may not have the latest update, because another CPU has modified a memory location, but the update is only in the cache.
Write-back is convenient because you don't have to access main memory, which can be slow.
The disadvantage occurs when there are many writes to memory. This can cause a backlog waiting for the writes to occur.
The advantage of write-through is that you don't have to worry about memory consistency, since cache and memory should have the same values (even though it may take memory a little longer to get the correct value).
Which slot should you pick? There are many policies. Any will do. Here's a list:
These policies often require additional hardware to indicate time of use or frequency of use. There have also been other fancier schemes to decide how to get rid of a slot.
When you choose a slot to be evicted, you look at the dirty bit (we assume a write-back policy). If D = 1, i.e., the slot is dirty, then copy the cache line back into memory. Otherwise, you can overwrite the cache line with the new data, tag, etc.
When the new cache line enters,
This is convenient, because the cache scheme can be changed without having to modify any programs. Often, there's a question as to how much the actual implementation (called the ISP, the instruction set processor) should be visible to the ISA programmer. The more that's visible, the more that you restrict the implementation, and the fewer chances for optimization.
Thus, you only want to reveal just enough of the real hardware for programmers to get the job done, and no more. In effect, the ISA is a kind of specification for the actual CPU, which can be implemented in one of many ways.
Super word-aligned means that if you have 2k consecutive bytes, the first byte must reside at an address divisible by 2k. Thus, if the cache line has 16 bytes, it must be at an address divisible by 16, which means it's automatially word-aligned (since word-aligned means divisible by 4).
You'll never have half a word in one cache line, and the other half in another cache line (provided the cache line contains at least 4 bytes) as long as the word is word-aligned.
To convince yourself of this, try to have a word that is word-aligned, and see if you can create a cache line where only part of the word is within it.
If you can do it, more than likely, you have misunderstood how cache lines work.
When data at an address is needed, the CPU first searches in the cache. If it finds it there, then a load or store is performed to or from a register.
If a cache miss occurs, then a cache line needs to be copied from main memory to a slot in a cache, which may require the eviction of a slot.
Ideally, you want the percentage of cache hits to be high, to give the illusion that all the useful data is in the cache, and being accessed at the speed of the cache, as opposed to the speed of main memory. How effective this is depends on how much spatial and temporal locality the particular program being run has.


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Melbourne, July 28: Former England captain Kevin Pietersen has signed with Australia's Melbourne Stars to play in the Big Bash League (BBL) Twenty20, the team confirmed today.
Pietersen, who was axed from England side, has signed a two-year deal with the Stars. The right-hander replaces Sri Lankan fast bowler Lasith Malinga as Stars' second international player. Malinga has made himself unavailable due to World Cup 2015 preparations. BBL 4 starts in December this year.
"I'm excited about joining the Melbourne Stars and look forward to playing with some of Australia's best T20 cricketers," Pietersen said on BBL's website.
Pietersen joins some of the big hitters in T20 cricket at Stars side. He will be with Glenn Maxwell, David Hussey, Cameron White, Luke Wright and others.
The 34-year-old Pietersen, on his Twitter page, wrote "Aussie, Aussie, Aussie........#boom #melbourne #BigBash #stars."
Aussie, Aussie, Aussie........#boom #melbourne #BigBash #stars http://t.co/6IklCqu6Ia— Kevin Pietersen (@KP24) July 28, 2014
"Joining the Melbourne Stars was an easy choice for me when you look at the players we have and the amazing off-field support staff, and don't forget our home ground, the MCG," he added.
At this year's Indian Premier League (IPL 7), Pietersen captained Delhi Daredevils.
"KP's an awesome talent and a proven world-class cricketer across all forms of the game," Stars' chairman of selectors, Damien Fleming, said.
"Someone of his experience will be of great benefit to our club as we strive to go one step further in BBL|04."


text: Peru Flag Updates Our Peru flag has been travelling with Regional Development Executive Paul and his colleague Brissy around Peru collecting signatures and has been signed by Acopagro, Alto Huallaga, Divisoria, Naranjillo, Tocache and Coopalgsa. All cocoa customers based in North Peru. The flag has also been signed by coffee producers Coop. Pangoa, Coop. Satipo and Aprocam. In October the flag was signed by the Producer Committee for South America. Where next The Peru flag is now back in the Shared Interest Newcastle office, full of fantastic messages of support. All five flags were be brought together for our 25 year anniversary AGM in March 2015. Interact with the flags The flags have now completed thier journey. However you can still see photos of our flags being signed in our image library or on Facebook and Twitter.


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Veerappan (2016) Hindi Movie starring Sandeep Bharadwaj, Usha Jadhav, Sachiin J Joshi and Lisa Ray is an upcoming Indian biographical film directed by Ram Gopal Varma and produced by Raina Sachin Joshi.
Jasmine Sandlas, Mohan Kanan, Shaarib, Toshi have lend their voices to the songs while the music director of this movie is Jeet Gannguli, Shaarib, Toshi and the Lyrics are penned by Manoj Muntashir, Manoj Yadav.
Here is the list of all songs, click your favorite one to view its Lyrics.
- Muchhi Re - Mohan Kanan
- Veer Veer Veerappan - Shaarib, Toshi Ft.Payal Dev And Vee
- Khallas - Shaarib, Toshi Ft.Jasmine Sandlas


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Notre Dame Fighting Irish- College Football Betting Odds: Notre Dame football has fallen on hard times the last few year but 2009 has the Irish thinking and dreaming big. Some around the program are even talking quietly that they could sneak up and make a BCS Championship Run. Experts are all over the place on predictions for this years 2009 team. Lead Sports Handicapper of CT SPORT PICKS Craig Trapp will take a swing at predicting the future for Notre Dame football in 2009. The College Football Odds list Notre Dame Fighting Irish +2000 betting Odds 2010 BCS ChampionshipPretty hard to imagine after a loss to the lowly Syracuse Orangemen that even the biggest Notre Dame fan would predict
Coach Charlie Weiss was always thought of as a genius until the last two years. Coaches don't forget how to coach and this season you will see this offense put up a ton more points. Quarterback Jimmy Claussen is now in his third season and if you break down the 2008 season you will see that he really improved throughout the season. Also he has a ton of weapons at his disposal led by TE Kyle Rudolph and WR Golden Tate. Once your deposit is processed, your CASH bonus will be available for wagering within minutes.
Sports Betting Promotions provides live NCAA football odds Free College Football Picks, College Football predictions, College Football scores and much more this NCAA football Odds season. Bet College Football Betting Odds with bodog.com. Check out the handicappers at the site for College Football Picks and College Football Predictions. Don't miss this 2009 College Football season and start winning with our handicappers College Football Picks and College Football predictions. Don't forget to join us this fall for top handicappers College Football Picks and College Football predictions. Check the site daily for updated NCAA Football Odds and College Football Betting Odds.


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|"DaLi Liu (JIRA)" <j...@apache.org>
|[jira] [Commented] (ODFTOOLKIT-357) Release process creates src distribution that can't be build
|Fri, 01 Mar 2013 20:29:12 GMT
[ https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ODFTOOLKIT-357?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=13590905#comment-13590905 ] DaLi Liu commented on ODFTOOLKIT-357: ------------------------------------- For the source package I will uncomment the module section and prepare the RC build again. For the binary package I don't suggestion include the mandatory dependencies. For legal issue. the dependencies description be store in *,jar\META-INF folder. > Release process creates src distribution that can't be build > ------------------------------------------------------------ > > Key: ODFTOOLKIT-357 > URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ODFTOOLKIT-357 > Project: ODF Toolkit > Issue Type: Bug > Reporter: Florian Hopf > Assignee: Florian Hopf > Priority: Blocker > > The release process creates a src distribution that can't be build because the module section is commented out. This causes errors when being build with the pedantic profile and doesn't build the submodules when invoked without a profile. > Also, the binary distribution doesn't include the mandatory dependencies. This makes it harder for newcomers to start with the project. -- This message is automatically generated by JIRA. If you think it was sent incorrectly, please contact your JIRA administrators For more information on JIRA, see: http://www.atlassian.com/software/jira
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text: 2. As of noon trading, Williams Companies ( WMB) is up $0.60 (1.6%) to $37.60 on light volume Thus far, 1.9 million shares of Williams Companies exchanged hands as compared to its average daily volume of 6.9 million shares. The stock has ranged in price between $37.01-$37.68 after having opened the day at $37.01 as compared to the previous trading day's close of $36.99. The Williams Companies, Inc. operates as an energy infrastructure company. Williams Companies has a market cap of $25.3 billion and is part of the basic materials sector. The company has a P/E ratio of 32.3, above the S&P 500 P/E ratio of 17.7. Shares are up 13.0% year to date as of the close of trading on Wednesday. Currently there are 7 analysts that rate Williams Companies a buy, no analysts rate it a sell, and 2 rate it a hold. TheStreet Ratings rates Williams Companies as a buy. The company's strengths can be seen in multiple areas, such as its compelling growth in net income, solid stock price performance and expanding profit margins. We feel these strengths outweigh the fact that the company has had generally high debt management risk by most measures that we evaluated. Get the full Williams Companies Ratings Report now. It's Official: Action Alerts PLUS beats the S&P 500 with Dividends Reinvested! Cramer and Link were up 16.72% in 2012. Were you? See what they are trading for 14-days FREE


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Last year a doctor referred a sensitive, intelligent, middle-aged man for therapy, to see if I could help him deal with his suicidal depression.
Ted (not his real name) had been suffering from depression and hopelessness for some time.
He had little insight as to why he was so miserable, other than the fact that he just didn't feel like he fitted in this world and that he felt a failure, even though he had reached quite a senior and well remunerated position in his company.
Ted was very lonely, relating the failure of a marriage many years before and a current relationship with a woman that was not going well.
When he was just a young child, his father committed suicide and his mother went into a guilt-ridden decline, finally ending up in a "mental" institution when he was still a young boy.
Looking for Answers
Ted was a very responsive and constructive client and conscientiously engaged in therapy and "homework" exercises, but his suicidal depression remained profound and I began to suspect there was something that I was missing.
One night during one of our therapy sessions Ted seemed quite distressed and agitated. Finally he admitted to me in a hesitant voice that he thought that he might be bisexual.
For many years he had suspected that his sexual orientation was "not normal", but he had always pushed this worry to the back of his mind. He explained that coming to therapy had given him the space and the courage to "'face himself" for the first time. We spent the rest of this session exploring his sexual orientation and by the end of the session Ted reported that he felt massively relieved.
When Ted came to his next session he was a changed person. He said that his suicidal thoughts had dropped off dramatically, and he was eager to explore further his "new identity".
Over the next couple of sessions Ted's depression reduced considerably, and he reported that he was having periods of peacefulness and freedom for the first time in his life.
Ted's "Terrible Secret"
Then once again I noticed that he was unaccountably agitated.
When I asked what was happening inside of him, he again in a very hesitant, faltering voice shared that he had begun to suspect that he might be "a woman trapped in a man's body". Initially Ted expressed extreme discomfort and shame in making this admission, but as the session proceeded he became more relaxed and by the end of the session he expressed profound relief that he had been able to speak to me about his "terrible secret".
Over the next few months, Ted explored this deeper identity in therapy with me, gaining the insights and finding the courage to begin to take the steps to both psychologically and physically move into his new identity as a woman …
If Ted's story strikes a chord with you, I would encourage you to consider making an appointment to explore and discuss your hidden inner self.
Author: Matthew Ryan, B Psych (Hons), MA (Marriage & Family Therapy).
Matthew Ryan is a senior psychologist with over 25 years of experience, and has seen great success in helping individuals to work through their problems and difficulties.
To book an appointment with Matthew Ryan call 1800 877 924 or book online today!


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This year's greatest New Zealand export, 16-year-old Lorde, has had her highly acclaimed single 'Royals' remixed by R&B-synth crooner The Weeknd.
Layered with dominating drum beats and seductive crooning, this 'Royals' remix is a get-down-low affair.
In April, Lorde released her debut five-track EP, The Love Club. Stream it in full here.
Lorde.co.nz | Facebook.com/LordeMusic | SoundCloud.com/LordeMusic