text:
Sec61β, a subunit of the Sec61 protein translocation channel at the Endoplasmic Reticulum, is involved in the transport of Gurken to the plasma membrane.
Protein translocation across the membrane of the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) is the first step in the biogenesis of secretory and membrane proteins. Proteins enter the ER by the Sec61 translocon, a proteinaceous channel composed of three subunits, α, β and γ. While it is known that Sec61α forms the actual channel, the function of the other two subunits remains to be characterized.
In the present study we have investigated the function of Sec61β in
Based on our study we conclude that Sec61β, which is part of the ER protein translocation channel affects a post-ER step during Gurken trafficking to the plasma membrane. We propose an additional role of Sec61β beyond protein translocation into the ER.
Translocation of proteins across the membrane of the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) is the first step in the biogenesis of secretory and membrane proteins. The nascent polypeptide chains of these proteins enter the ER via a proteinaceous channel called the Sec61p complex and gain access to the secretory pathway. If the mature protein does not possess specific signals for retention in the ER the protein exits the ER and is transported to the Golgi complex. The protein then moves along the Golgi complex till it reaches the trans-Golgi region. From the trans-Golgi region the protein is either transported to endocytic organelles or to the plasma membrane.
The Sec61 translocon is a heterotrimer constituted by α, β and γ subunits. According to the crystal structure of the SecY complex from
In contrast to the observations in
In this study, we investigated the possibility that the dorsal appendage fusion phenotype observed in the embryos from the
Expression of Sec61β in wild type and
Figure 1
Sec61β protein and Gurken mRNA in ovaries from wild type and
Sec61β protein and Gurken mRNA in ovaries from wild type and
Localization of the Gurken mRNA is unaffected in the germline clones of Sec61β
The germline clones of the
We therefore examined the localization of Gurken mRNA in the stage 10 egg chambers by
Germline clones of
Since the mRNA localization of Gurken was not affected by lack of Sec61β, we investigated whether lack of Sec61β affects the translation of Gurken mRNA or events in the transport of Gurken protein to the plasma membrane.
We performed immuno-fluorescence analysis on wild type egg chambers or germline clones of
Figure 2
Localization of Gurken Protein in Stage 10 Egg Chambers of Wild type and
Localization of Gurken Protein in Stage 10 Egg Chambers of Wild type and
We also observed staining for Gurken protein in distinct speckles inside the follicle cells at the anterior-dorsal end of the oocytes (Fig.
Gurken protein is also mis-localized during early oogenesis
Gurken protein signals to the EGF receptor on the follicle cells at two different stages of oogenesis. During late oogenesis (stage 10–11) Gurken signals to follicle cells at the anterior-dorsal end of the oocyte. During earlier stages of oogenesis (stages 6–9) the oocyte nucleus and the Gurken mRNA are localized at the posterior part of the oocyte with Gurken protein signalling to the posterior follicle cells
Figure 3
Localization of Gurken Protein in Egg Chambers of Wild type and
Localization of Gurken Protein in Egg Chambers of Wild type and
The general structure and function of ER remains unaffectedin
Gurken is a type I membrane protein and the presence of the signal sequence suggests that the protein is most likely co-translationally translocated into the ER and transported along the secretory pathway to reach the plasma membrane. To investigate if the mislocalization of Gurken was due to a general impairment in structure and function of ER, we co-stained wild type and sec61β mutant egg chambers with the Gurken antibody and an antibody raised against the Boca protein that has been previously characterised as an ER resident protein in oocytes
Figure 4
Analysis of ER structure and function in sec61β mutant oocytes
Analysis of ER structure and function in sec61β mutant oocytes. A-D,
The Sec61 translocon translocates a variety of secretory and membrane proteins into the ER. The reduction in the Gurken amounts at the plasma membrane in the germline clones of
Sec61β is not required for ER translocation
Data obtained from immunofluorescence analysis in oocytes so far suggest that Sec61β was involved in the transport of the Gurken protein to the plasma membrane, however it was not clear which step of the transport process is affected. We wanted to further characterise this defect and to test the actual process of ER translocation using HeLa cells. Previous studies have also utilized the mammalian cell cultures system for investigating trafficking of EGFR ligands. Gurken and other EGF ligands such as Spitz and Keren can be expressed and secreted in mammalian cells. The process requires Star for ER exit and Rho for proteolytic processing, thus in part recapitulating the trafficking of EGFR ligands as it occurs in the fly system
Gurken was transfected into HeLa cells, either alone or co-transfected with the regulatory proteins, Star and Rho. On western blot analysis of the whole cell lysate, Gurken is seen to migrate as a 45–47 KDa protein (Fig.
Figure 5
Expression of Gurken in HeLa cells
Expression of Gurken in HeLa cells. A) Plasmids encoding Gurken protein alone or in combination with Myc tagged Star and/or HA tagged Rho were transfected into HeLa cells as indicated on top of the figure or left un-transfected. Aliquots of the cell lysates were applied to SDS-PAGE either directly or after being treated with EndoH. Western bloting was done using an antibody against Gurken. The numbers on the right indicate the molecular mass in kilo Daltons. B-E) HeLa cells were transfected with plasmid generating a double stranded RNA against Sec61β or a control plasmid together with Gurken, Myc-Star and HA-Rho encoding plasmids as indicated. Cells lysates were applied to SDS-PAGE and western blot and probed with an antibody against Sec61β(B). The lysates were also probed with antibodies against Myc and HA to detect expression of Star and Rho respectively (C). The same sets of cells growing on plates were used for a 15 min pulse with 35S methionine and cell lysates were prepared. These lysates were used for western blots with or without EndoH treatment and probed with the Gurken antibody (D). The lysates after the pulse analysis were subjected to immuno-precipitation using anti-Gurken antibody and immuno-precipitated samples were applied to SDS-PAGE either directly or after being treated with EndoH (E). Single glycosylated (0 g) and nonglycosylated (1 g) forms of Gurken are indicated.
In order to investigate Gurken translocation into the ER in the absence of Sec61β, a plasmid was transfected into HeLa cells that was designed to generate double stranded RNA oligo against Sec61β mRNA. As a control, a plasmid designed to generate a scrambled double stranded RNA oligo was also transfected. Three days after the initial transfection the cells were re-transfected with the Sec61β siRNA plasmid or the control siRNA plasmid, together with the expression plasmids for Gurken, Star and Rho. One day after the second round of transfections (and four days after the initial round of transfection) Sec61β protein is no longer detected by western blotting in cells transfected with the Sec61β siRNA plasmid, whereas cells transfected with the control plasmid retain normal level of Sec61β protein (Fig.
ER translocation of Gurken was investigated as follows: a pulse analysis using 35S-methionine was performed and the cells were harvested for immuno-precipitation and western blotting. The actual process of translocation and availability of Gurken for post-translocational processing was determined by the extent of glycosylated protein. Correctly translocated Gurken would be glycosylated in the ER, on the other hand, conditions affecting translocation or downstream events would result in a species of Gurken that is unavailable for glycosylation.
The cell lysates after 35S-methionine pulse were probed with antibody against the Gurken protein (Fig
Taking together the data from co-staining in the oocytes and experiments in HeLa cells it seems that Gurken translocation into the ER and its post-translational modifications remain unaffected by lack of Sec61β. Sec61β seems to affect a step beyond the process of ER translocation.
Gurken is transported till the Golgi complex in absence of Sec61β
Data obtained from immunofluorescence analysis in oocytes and in HeLa cells suggested that Sec61β was not involved in the transport of the Gurken protein into the ER, on the contrary it appeared that it is required at a later, post-ER step of secretion. The finding that lack of a component of the translocation channel could affect a step beyond the ER translocation was indeed surprising. In order to investigate this further and we wanted to analyse the sub-cellular localization of Gurken in greater detail. In both wild type and mutant oocytes the cytoplasmic pool of Gurken protein is present in the peri-nuclear region and is organised into punctate structures. These Gurken containing punctate structures are interspaced within the dispersed ER in both wild type and sec61β mutant oocytes. In order to establish the identity of these punctuate structures we used antibody against the Lava Lamp (Lva) protein, a cis-Golgi marker
Figure 6
Co-localization of Gurken with Lva
Co-localization of Gurken with Lva. Wild type egg chambers and egg chambers derived from germline clones of
We also analysed the sub-cellular localization of the Gurken protein using a ubiquitously expressing an EYFP tagged Golgi marker
Figure 7
Co-localization of Gurken with a Golgi Marker
Co-localization of Gurken with a Golgi Marker. Wild type egg chambers and egg chambers derived from germline clones of
This suggests that in the sec61β mutants Gurken protein is able to enter the secretory pathway and traffic till cis-Golgi, further transport to the plasma membrane however is impeded.
Sec5 retains plasma membrane localization in
Based on the data obtained so far it seemed that Sec61β is involved in a post-translocation step during trafficking of a subset of proteins to the plasma membrane. We therefore wanted to analyse the possible post-translocational steps in Gurken transport that could be affected by lack of Sec61β. Recent data suggests that Sec61β interacts with the components of the exocyst machinery in
In order to investigate this possibility we examined the localization of Sec5 protein in germline clones of
Figure 8
Localization of Sec5 in stage 10 oocytes
Localization of Sec5 in stage 10 oocytes. A-F) Wild type egg chambers or egg chambers from
Sec61β 's enigmatic presence in the translocation channel
The mechanism of translocation of proteins across the ER membrane through the Sec61 channel and the function of Sec61β in the translocation process has previously been investigated using reconstituted liposomes, isolated rough microsomes and
Major shortcomings in the previous studies investigating the function of Sec61β have been use of limited set of substrates for monitoring protein translocation and use of
Sec61β affects post-ER transport of Gurken to the plasma membrane
Having observed that the Gurken transport to the plasma membrane is affected in sec61β mutant oocytes we wanted to determine the step in the transport pathway that is affected by the absence of Sec61β. In the first set of experiments we investigated the possible role of Sec61β in ER translocation of Gurken using mammalian cells in culture. The mammalian cell system has been previously characterised to recapitulate the trafficking of EGFR ligands like Gurken and Spitz
Immuno-fluorescence data from oocytes revealed the cytosolic fraction of the Gurken protein in both wild type and sec61β mutant oocytes was intermingled with ER, as concluded from the co-staining with Boca, whereas the punctate Gurken structures contain the Golgi marker Lva. Similar results were obtained when Gurken was co-localized with Golgi marker,
Based on our data we think that Gurken transport to the plasma membrane occurs in two distinct steps. The first step is the translation of the localized Gurken mRNA followed by translocation into the ER and transport into the secretory pathway. Gurken is transported along the secretory pathway until it reaches the Golgi complex. This part of the Gurken transport process occurs independent of Sec61β. The second phase in the Gurken secretion is transport of Gurken from Golgi to the plasma membrane, which our results indicate, requires Sec61β.
As mentioned previously, there are two rounds of Gurken signalling during oogenesis. The first round of Gurken signalling occurs during the stage 7 of oogenesis, where Gurken signalling to the posterior follicle cells causes them to take the posterior fate. The follicle cells reciprocate the Gurken signalling from the oocyte by sending an as yet unknown signal back to the oocyte resulting in repolarization of the microtubule skeleton within the oocyte. This event is necessary for the migration of the nucleus to the anterior portion of the oocyte towards the later stages (stage 9) of oogenesis
Role of Sec61β beyond ER translocation during Gurken Transport
A hint at the post-ER function of Sec61β comes from two independent studies in mammalian cells in culture and in yeast. These studies report that Sec61β could physically and genetically interact with the members of the exocyst complex
Sec61β required for a specific transport step
The critical role of Gurken in development has mandated several regulatory steps in biosynthesis. The highly polarized Gurken transport process begins by localization of the Gurken mRNA at the anterior-dorsal end of the oocyte; this step is necessary but not sufficient to achieve polar transport
Transport along the secretory pathway involves export of Gurken protein from the ER a process mediated by Cornichon
In mediating the traffic of different membrane proteins Sec61β seems to have a specific role in Gurken transport. The specificity of the role is illustrated by the observation that Yolkless does not require Sec61β for plasma membrane transport
In development of an organism inter-cellular signalling occurs primarily by the interaction of transmembrane or secreted ligands with transmembrane receptors. Signalling is also initiated when secreted molecules interact with receptors at a considerable distance from the source of the secreted ligand. Therefore precise intra-cellular trafficking of secreted molecules, ligands and receptors is essential for proper signalling and thus development of the tissue. Signalling by the EGFR ligands is an example illustrating regulation during secretion. A detailed study is required to determine the exact role of Sec61β in secretion of signalling molecules, however what seems to be clear is that the function may not be restricted to the ER. In addition, as demonstrated in the present study, Sec61β appears to provide a fine-tuning in trafficking of specific ligands. This study also illustrates that use of a sensitive in-vivo assay like Gurken signalling in addition to in-vitro systems can provide greater insight into the process of protein translocation.
The Sec61 channel is the only known protein translocation channel in the ER and is conserved in evolution. In this study we have established the role of the β subunit of the channel during plasma membrane traffic of the TGFα-like growth factor, Gurken, during Drosophila oogenesis. Gurken signalling is responsible for early patterning in the embryo, absence of Sec61β and the subsequent defects in Gurken trafficking result in dorsalization of the embryo due to reduced Gurken signalling. We also made the surprising observation that although Sec61β is part of the protein transport channel at the ER it affects the transport of Gurken from the Golgi to the plasma membrane. In addition our study provides an excellent
Drosophila stocks and phenotypic analysis
The following stocks were used in our experiments:
The Golgi Marker
In-situ Hybridization
Ovaries from 1- to 4-day-old females were used for in-situ hybridization with full length, dioxyginin-labeled DNA probe against the Gurken mRNA as described
Immunocytochemistry and microscopy
Ovaries from 1- to 4-day-old females were dissected in PBS, and kept on ice. Ovaries were fixed in 6:1 Heptane:FIX (Fix: 4% Formaldehyde in PBS) for 15 minutes. All antibody staining was carried out in PBS, containing 0.5% BSA, 0.1% Triton-X-100 and 5% normal goat serum. The following stains and primary antibodies were used: Texas Red-X/FITC phalloidin, mouse anti-Gurken 1D12 (Hybridoma bank), mouse anti-Sec5 22A2
Design of siRNA Constructs in pSupressor
Sec61β siRNAs were designed and cloned into pSupressor as described in the manufacturer's protocols (Imgenex, San Diego).
The Sec61β oligo used was: TGTTCCAGTATTGGTTATGA
A scrambled sequence was used as a control: TTAATTTCTGGGAGCTTATG The sequence is identical to both human Sec61β genes, at the 5' untranslated region. The oligo contained an intervening sequence that forms the stem-loop structure in the RNA and includes a ScaI site for identification of recombinants. The oligo pair was annealed at 20 μM in annealing buffer (100 mM potassium acetate, 30 mM HEPES-KOH (pH 7.4), 2 mM magnesium acetate) at 95°C for 4 min, followed by incubation at 70°C for 10 min and slow cooling to room temperature. Forty picomoles of annealed oligos were phosphorylated by T4 polynucleotide kinase before they were ligated into pSupressor vector digested by SalI and XbaI.
Transfection and biochemical analysis
HeLa cells were grown in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum and Penicillin and Streptomycin (Invitrogen). Transfections in HeLa cells were done using Lipofectamine-2000 following the manufactures protocol (Invitrogen). 3 μg of each of the plasmid was used for per 10 cm cell culture petriplate containing 70–80% confluent cells. After three days of the first transfection a second transfection was done using the same set of plasmids.
Cells were scrapped off the petriplates and lysis buffer was added [1% Triton, 150 mM NaCl, 5 mM EDTA, supplemented with protease inhibitory cocktail (Roche). SDS-PAGE and western blotting were done following standard protocols. Endoglycosidase H (Endo-H, New England Biolabs) treatment was done as per manufacturer's instructions. Antibodies used for western blotting were rabbit anti-
For pulse analysis, cells were depleted of endogenous methionine and cysteine by growing cells in DMEM without methionine and cysteine for two hours before incubation with 100μCi of 35S labeled methionine and cysteine per 10 cm petriplate. The cells were pulsed for 10 minutes, washed with PBS, scraped off the plates and lysis buffer was added. Proteins were immuno-precipitated, and applied to SDS-PAGE after treatment with Endo H treatment.
Authors' contributions
AK conceived the project and did all the experiments. BD supervised the project. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
We thank Marek Mlodzik and Bloomington stock center for fly lines and reagents. Matthew Freeman for the Gurken, Star and Rho plasmids. AK thanks Hermann Steller at the Rockefeller University for his generous support. AK also thanks Mala Murthy and Thomas Schwartz at the Harvard Medical School/Children's Hospital for help during the initial stages of the project. AK is currently supported by the Rockefeller University and Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
X-ray structure of a protein-conducting channel
Protein translocation into proteoliposomes reconstituted from purified components of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane
Yeast protein translocation complex: isolation of two genes SEB1 and SEB2 encoding proteins homologous to the Sec61 beta subunit
Posttranslational protein transport in yeast reconstituted with a purified complex of Sec proteins and Kar2p
Sec61beta, a subunit of the protein translocation channel, is required during Drosophila development
The Drosophila dorsoventral patterning gene gurken produces a dorsally localized RNA and encodes a TGF alpha-like protein
Dorsoventral patterning in Drosophila oogenesis
Proteolysis within the membrane: rhomboids revealed
brother of rhomboid, a rhomboid-related gene expressed during early Drosophila oogenesis, promotes EGF-R/MAPK signaling
cornichon and the EGF receptor signaling process are necessary for both anterior-posterior and dorsal-ventral pattern formation in Drosophila
The autosomal FLP-DFS technique for generating germline mosaics in Drosophila melanogaster
EGF receptor signaling in Drosophila oogenesis
The role of oocyte transcription, the 5'UTR, and translation repression and derepression in Drosophila gurken mRNA and protein localization
The transmembrane region of Gurken is not required for biological activity, but is necessary for transport to the oocyte membrane in Drosophila
Boca, an endoplasmic reticulum protein required for wingless signaling and trafficking of LDL receptor family members in Drosophila
The Drosophila yolkless gene encodes a vitellogenin receptor belonging to the low density lipoprotein receptor superfamily
A family of Rhomboid intramembrane proteases activates all Drosophila membrane-tethered EGF ligands
Regulated intracellular ligand transport and proteolysis control EGF signal activation in Drosophila
Lava lamp, a novel peripheral golgi protein, is required for Drosophila melanogaster cellularization
Three new Drosophila markers of intracellular membranes
The exocyst affects protein synthesis by acting on the translocation machinery of the endoplasmic reticulum
The beta subunit of the Sec61p endoplasmic reticulum translocon interacts with the exocyst complex in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
The exocyst complex in polarized exocytosis
The exocyst component Sec5 is required for membrane traffic and polarity in the Drosophila ovary
The beta-subunit of the protein-conducting channel of the endoplasmic reticulum functions as the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the beta-subunit of the signal recognition particle receptor
The beta subunit of the Sec61 complex facilitates cotranslational protein transport and interacts with the signal peptidase during translocation
mRNA localization and ER-based protein sorting mechanisms dictate the use of transitional endoplasmic reticulum-golgi units involved in gurken transport in Drosophila oocytes
Axis formation during Drosophila oogenesis
NMDA receptor trafficking through an interaction between PDZ proteins and the exocyst complex
The molecular mechanisms of the mammalian exocyst complex in exocytosis
Drosophila Cornichon acts as cargo receptor for ER export of the TGFalpha-like growth factor Gurken
Intracellular trafficking by Star regulates cleavage of the Drosophila EGF receptor ligand Spitz


text:
Hey there, time traveller!
This article was published 11/1/2017 (194 days ago), so information in it may no longer be current.
Mayor Brian Bowman said he won't stand idly by and watch Winnipeg lose jobs if President-elect Donald Trump attempts to make good on his campaign promise to renegotiate the North American Free Trade Agreement.
Bowman told reporters Wednesday that Winnipeg has a lot to lose if Trump tips the free trade agreement to protect American jobs, adding he supports the Trudeau government's initiatives to protect the trade deal.
"I want to commend the federal government on its outreach to the (incoming Trump) administration and we'll certainly be supporting the efforts of the federal government to make sure the free trade agreement is defended and access to the U.S. market is protected," Bowman said during a question-and-answer session with reporters, a weekly event following Bowman's executive policy committee meetings that resumed following the Christmas break at city hall.
"Winnipeg is a trading city. We are a community that relies heavily on the ability to access the U.S. market. One of the things we've been following and I will be continuing to follow is the ongoing debate in the U.S. over the free trade agreement."
Bowman said he's planning to reach out to lawmakers in North Dakota, South Dakota and Minnesota, to stress the importance of the value of the trade between the two countries, and particularly the impact any changes to the trade deal might have on Winnipeg firms and those communities.
Bowman said he doesn't know how many jobs in Winnipeg are tied to trade with the U.S. but said it's substantial and all Winnipeggers should be concerned about what the future might hold.
"We'll all have a role to play," Bowman said. "I'll be adding my voice too and doing what I can to support the efforts and messaging of the federal government."

subset: commoncrawl


text:
by Staff Writers
Washington DC (SPX) Oct 31, 2011
NOAA researchers offer a novel explanation for why a type of Antarctic killer whale performs a rapid migration to warmer tropical waters in a paper published this month in the science journal Biology Letters.
One tagged Antarctic killer whale monitored by satellite traveled over 5,000 miles to visit the warm waters off southern Brazil before returning immediately to Antarctica just 42 days later. This was the first long distance migration ever reported for killer whales.
"The whales are traveling so quickly, and in such a consistent track, that it is unlikely they are foraging for food or giving birth," said John Durban, lead author from NOAA's Southwest Fisheries Science Center in La Jolla, California.
"We believe these movements are likely undertaken to help the whales regenerate skin tissue in a warmer environment with less heat loss."
As evidence, the researchers point to the yellowish coating on Antarctic killer whales caused by a thick accumulation of diatoms or algae on the outer skin of the animals. The coloring is noticeably absent when they return from warmer waters indicating the upper epidermis of the skin has been shed.
The scientists tagged 12 Type B killer whales (seal-feeding specialists) near the Antarctic Peninsula and tracked 5 that revealed consistent movement to sub-tropical waters.
The whales tended to slow in the warmest waters although there was no obvious interruption in swim speed or direction to indicate calving or prolonged feeding.
"They went to the edge of the tropics at high speed, turned around and came straight back to Antarctica, at the onset of winter", said Robert Pitman, co-author of the study. "The standard feeding or breeding migration does not seem to apply here".
Researchers believe there are at least three different types of killer whales in Antarctica and have labeled them Types A, B and C.
NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service
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New, higher estimates of endangered humpback whales in the North Pacific
Washington DC (SPX) Oct 21, 2011
Scientists have increased the estimate on the number of humpback whales in the North Pacific Ocean in a paper published in the journal Marine Mammal Science. The increase follows a refined statistical analysis of data compiled in 2008 from the largest whale survey ever undertaken to assess humpback whale populations throughout the North Pacific. The number of North Pacific Humpback W ... read more
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Fox News' Jana Winter still on the hook in James Holmes case -- for doing her job
Given Arapahoe County's record, Fox reporter Jana Winter should be glad she's only facing contempt-of-court charges, not the death penalty.
As media outlets were chasing every possible tip in the days following the Aurora shootings last July, Winter came up with a real scoop: James Holmes had sent a notebook to Lynne Fenton, the psychiatrist who'd been seeing the University of Colorado graduate student; according to law enforcement sources, it contained "details about how he was going to kill people."
The notebook was found in the mailroom at the University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, where Holmes was a student and Fenton worked, after the July 20 shootings. And as with so many documents involved in this case, it fell under a gag order. But Winter got the story, anyway.
Holmes's attorneys want to know who leaked the information to Winter, and at a hearing in December they questioned several law enforcement officers with access to the notebook; none admitted to being Winter's source.
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Colorado has a strong shield law protecting a journalist's work. Even so, Winter herself was supposed to be questioned in court this afternoon -- and she could have faced jail if she refused to reveal her source. But yesterday, Judge Carlos Samour, who'd taken over the case from Judge William Sylvester after the DA determined to go for the death penalty, pointed out that Holmes's attorneys still had more avenues they could pursue to determine the source of the leak -- and they're expected to take that path today. As a result, Samour said, the issue of whether to require Winter to testify is not yet "ripe."
It should not get any riper.
The reporter, who's staunchly supported by her employer and numerous journalism outfits across the country, could still face the choice of either revealing her source or refusing to testify and going to jail.
All for doing her job, and doing it well. Which, as more information on the days leading up to the shooting becomes public -- information on who was warned about the threats that Holmes had made in the days leading up to the tragedy, rather than who leaked documents after the fact -- may be more than can be said for other people involved in this tragedy.
Don't shoot the messenger.
Here's Winter's affidavit, in which she describes how the inquiry about her sources is hurting her journalism career.
Affidavit of Jana Winter in Support of Motion to Quash Subpoena
From the Calhoun: Wake-Up Call archive: "Photo finish: Obscenity is in the eye of the beholder."
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text:
|archeological Site In India
Tamil Nadu >> Devankuruchi
Devankuruchi is placed around T Kallupatti. it's alittle and exquisite village. This hill symbolizes the spirituality. it's additionally illustrious for Associate in Nursing archeologic web site.
Some archeologic excavations were found here. Black and red wares, stone beads and bangles were unearthed that were beneath a timegap of 2000 years were additionally found here. There also are faith sculptures found round the temple.
There is additionally proof of donations that has been created to the temple by Maravarman Sundara Pandyan (1216 Ce -1238 CE). This web site itself shows its existence of archeology.
How to Reach
By road
Devankuruchi is connected with alternative main cities of Tamil Nadu. and therefore the National route seven to Madurai is one among the simplest ways that to achieve here. several buses also are offered with smart frequency. NH208 runs via Rajapalayam It may be reached here simply.
By Rail
The nearest railway stations square measure Thirumangalam(18 kilometers) and Virudhunagar. From the railway stations, you'll be able to reach here by non-public vehicles with traditional charges.
By Air
Chennai is that the nearest landing field to achieve to Devankuruchi by air. From urban center, each government buses and personal vehicles square measure offered with smart frequency.


text: Our fourth quarter earnings conference call will be accompanied by a presentation that is available for download on the Investor Relations section of NFP's website or upon connecting to the audio webcast of this call at the same website. A reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures discussed on this call can be found in the presentation or in the quarterly financial supplement, which is available at the same website.At this time, I would now like to turn the call over to our CEO, Jessica Bibliowicz, and her presentation starts on Slide 7. Jessica Bibliowicz Great. Thanks, Abbe, and good morning everyone. 2011 was a solid year for NFP and we accomplished a great deal. Our revenue grew to more than a billion dollars, driven by organic growth and acquisitions. Adjusted EBITDA grew by 8% and we expanded our margin. We saw particular strength in the corporate client and advisor services groups where we generated growth in revenue and adjusted EBITDA. In the individual client group, strong positive trends continued in our wealth management business but we faced market challenges in life insurance. Despite a decline in our life insurance revenue, adjusted EBITDA and margins expanded. In 2011, we continued to generate strong cash flow and executed on our balanced capital allocation strategy. We invested approximately 50 million of cash for acquisitions in 2011. All of the deals, which are recurring revenue businesses, were in the corporate client group. In May 2011, we put in place a $50 million share repurchase program, and as of February 6, 2012, we completed the buyback program. In addition, NFP has continued to make investments to enhance our leadership position in our core markets of benefits, insurance and wealth management. Our strategy in 2012 is to continue to build shareholder value by delivering the highest quality client service, expanding our offerings, maintaining our financial flexibility, and growing recurring revenue and profitability. To this end, we will continue to pursue strategic acquisitions that complement our existing businesses, especially in property and casualty, corporate benefits, and wealth management. With these transactions, we will seek to grow and strengthen our client offerings and the NFP brand by adding management strength and diversification of products and geographies.


text:
Well, first of all, let's welcome these two characters in the redshirt category!!
What, do you disagree? Weren't they redshirts? Well let's see.
Martinez was the worst character when it comes to his development. The only thing we know about him is that he had a family before all this, other than that he is just the tough right hand man, the one who takes orders and fills the numbers for fighting capable people in woodbury. The only good scene he had was when he talked to Daryl during the meeting Rick had with the Governor. Other than that, one dimensional is the word that best describes him. Moreover, his role in this season was pointless. He could just have been another redshirt the governor killed to assume leadership. Why should he be in charge of the new group? Make a new character leader, and make Martinez stand once more by the governor's side as they overthrow him. That way, his loyalty and friendship towards the governor would be something that would make his character better.
Shumpert. Not much to say about this one. Crossbow muscle at the gates. His role this season was slightly smaller than season 3. We 've talked about him in this wiki more than the writers have talked about him. Need i mention his name was known to us from the credits? Need I say his actor was used as an extra in the Vatos? Well, he can be used again as an extra to the saviors with ease. Except for some people in this wiki, no one will remember him. How could he be better? For once, give him something unique to show his character. I 'd say make him mute. Introduce him by having martinez say "This silent beef over here is Shumpert. He may not talk much, but when it comes to zombies, you can count on him. Too bad I 'm the only one around who knows sign language" (yeah if Martinez knew sign language he would also be more likeable). And when he died, Martinez could have said "he tried to yell as the walkers devoured him, he aved his hands as he was getting surrounded, but I didn't notice until it was too late". These little details make the characters liekable, and the tv series lacks these things. Anyway, can we forget about them now?
About the latest episodes:
I am one of the people who didn't like the governor episodes for many reasons. First of all, all that happened in these two episodes could have been summed up in twenty minutes and still be the same. i wouldn't feel the relationship between the governor and Meghan more, I wouldn't like the new characters more. Not to mention they are stupid. In the comics, (i know i m one of the guys who compare the series to the comic a lot) the Governor manipulated the woodbury folks into believing they killed Martinez, Dr Stevens, Alice etc. They also believed the governor didn't deserve what Michonne did to him. In the series, Philip says "they got walls and supplies", and the others respond "ok, let's kill them and take it for our own".
About the mid-season. More than anything, I want it to be realistic. If all woodburians die, and in a magic way Rick's group all make it (despite being in the first line of fire), I 'm going to be pissed. At least 3-4 protagonists need to die. If they get away with this by killing woodburians or Tyreese, I will lose faith in Gimple too. If the assault is going to be realistc, it would be great even if they didn't show us at all what the governor did.
Well, that's all for now, post your comments on anything. Also, check my ideal prison assault if you want, as i posted it a few days ago, and tell me what you think about that too


text:
Reviewed By LUIS C (Edgewater, MD) Reviewed for a 2010 Dodge Dakota —5/10/2013 7:17 AM
I LIKE IT THIS IS THE 3rd ONE I PURCHASED FOR DIF TRUCKS
Reviewed By Robert S (Lake Milton, OH) Reviewed for a 2010 Dodge Dakota —1/21/2011 7:10 AM
The quality of the Kurgo is great. It is made of top quality of fibrics and the stiching is excelent. The only thing I don't care for are the strap design could be a little different. Wilson just loves it.


text:
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Sun visor shaped flowers for Tamron AF 18-270 mm F/3.5-6.3 Di-II VC LD Asp for Canon. (IF) Macro.
Specifications can be changed without notice. Images are for illustrative purposes only. Retail Price (MSRP) means the manufacturer's/supplier's suggested retail price.
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Ever wonder what a Chicago Bears fan looks like wearing a cheesehead? Mike Florio says for this week only we'll find out as the Bears look to sneak into the playoffs with a victory over the Lions and a Packers win over the Vikings.
As we've seen this decade, it doesn't matter how a team gets to the playoffs or how well they played the week before, a playoff berth breathes Super Bowl hope into a team and its fan base. Florio tries telling this to a certain sect of Bears fans who'd rather root against the Packers in hopes that a missed opportunity leads to Lovie Smith's firing and a changing dynamic in Chicago.


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Italian Beef With A Kick
READY IN: 8hrs 15mins
Recipe by Melly2
Seasonings and the pepperocini's create a nice flavor with a little kick. For less kick, cut off stems and remove seeds from pepperocini's and use less of the vinegar. Makes a yummy sandwhich.
Top Review by Gail Stoldt
terrific recipe and will be making it often.
See Discussion:3 Reviews
Ingredients Nutrition
- 4 -5 lbs roast
- 2 medium onions
- 1 package au jus mix
- 1 package good seasons zesty italian seasoning
- 1 package French onion soup mix
- 1 can optional beer
- 1 (14 ounce) canonion flavored beef broth
- 1 jar pepperoncini pepper (8-16 oz. depending on how spicy you want)
- bread, du jour french loaves
- sliced provolone cheese
Directions See How It's Made
- Cut beef into fist size pieces and put into crockpot.
- Add au jus mix (dry), italian seasoning mix (dry), french onion soup mix, beer (optional) and onion flavored beef broth to crockpot.
- Stir until all seasonings are well incorporated.
- Cover and cook on high for about 3 hours.
- For very robust flavor, pour the entire jar of pepperocini's with the juice into the crockpot.
- Do not drain, the vinegar in the juice helps tenderize the beef and gives a good flavor.
- For a more mild or less tangy flavor, remove the seeds and stems from the peppers and use half of the vinegar. I PREFER THIS TASTE. It will still have lots of flavor, just not quite as spicy.
- Cover and continue to cook on high for 2-3 hours.
- Cut onions into small strips (slices) and add to crockpot.
- Cover and cook until meat begins to tenderize and fall apart (about 2 hours).
- Remove the beef and tear (shred) into small pieces.
- Return beef to crockpot and continue cooking until meat is done and onions are soft which is usually about 2-3 more hours.
- I've tried them all and this is my personal favorite because of the flavor and the bread doesn't get as soggy.
- Sliced provolone cheese is completes the sandwhich.


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You are a fan of sonicfreak blast ? Come to discover the best forums sonicfreak blast on the internet and share your experience with a community fan of sonicfreak blast . You can also build a forum sonicfreak blast and create your online discussion.
Free forum : PSP community, signature tags, challenges, having a blast
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The ultimate fan website and resource for Sonic Fans!
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text:
Russia 'still has questions' about Libya no-fly zone
Russia still has questions about the proposed no-fly zone over Libya that is being backed in the UN Security Council by France and Britain, a foreign ministry spokesman said Thursday.
Moscow had previously expressed reservations about the zone, warning that it could lead to full-scale military intervention that broke international law.
The foreign ministry spokesman said Russia still could not understand how the proposed no-fly zone would be enforced.
"What type of control mechanisms ... does it have? Who will be implementing it, by what means, in what format?," foreign ministry spokesman Alexander Lukashevich demanded.
"All these questions remain unanswered to this day," news agencies quoted Lukashevich as saying.
France and Britain have led a campaign for a no-fly zone over Libya. While it is resisted by China, the United States has taken an increasingly tough line seeking broader measures against the threat posed by the Moamer Kadhafi regime.
The United States has said a no-fly zone may not be enough and stressed the need for strong Arab participation in any operation.


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Reinstate Suspended License Guide for Oregon
online assistance services
How to reinstate a suspended license in Oregon
There are several reasons why your drivers license may be suspended or revoked. In Oregon your drivers license can be suspended for violating traffic laws, failure to pay required fees associated with traffic tickets or driving under the influence. Depending on your particular situation for a suspended license in Oregon, you may be required to go to court and/or take a drivers education course in order to reinstate your license. If your drivers suspension is related to moving violations, you may need to enroll in traffic school. On the other hand, if you were found guilty of DUI in Oregon, you may be required to attend an alcohol and drug awareness course. Each license suspension situation comes with its own protocol. It's important that you learn how to handle the terms your driving suspension, from paying fines to license revocation. Once your drivers license suspension period in Oregon has ended, you can then proceed with driver license reinstatement.
Without your driver license you are very limited to your capabilities of daily life which can greatly affect your lifestyle. The Road Advisors Guide will guide you through the entire process requiring little to no effort from your part.
suspended license
Suspended License
Do you need to reinstate your suspended Oregon drivers license? We've collected all the information you need to expedite and simplify the process. Before you reinstate your suspended license by mail or by visiting a local {DMV-C} office, you can easily find the answers you're looking for within our Road Advisors Guide. Click "Get Started" below to get comprehensive application assistance for all the {DMV-C}'s services.
MyDriverLicenses.org is a third party website that is not affiliated with any government agencies. The services we provide are available for free in the official sites or local offices. You can purchase and download our guide and resources for $22.95, which contains vital information in order to perform any DMV service and receive a free $25 gas rebate and other added benefits. By continuing to use our website, you accept our Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy.
Suspended License
There are plenty of rules and regulations you must follow when you are driving on the streets of Oregon. It is important that you pay close attention to these laws, because fines can be the least impactful punishments associated with committing them. Irresponsible driving, especially if it is continuous, can result in drivers license suspension in Oregon, and that is a penalty that you certainly do not want to face. Learn about some of the most common reasons for a suspended drivers license below, as well as the process for suspended drivers license reinstatement in OR.
Common Reasons for Drivers License Suspension
In the state of Oregon, the Driver and Motor Services Division is the entity in charge of determining drivers license suspensions. Thus, it is important for you to learn about the wide variety of ways that your Oregon driver license can be taken from you. Additionally, many of these ways aren't even associated with the act of driving.
While DUI convictions and failing or refusing a blood alcohol test can get you a suspended drivers license penalty, not appearing in court when called to do so can also be justification enough for your OR driver license to be suspended. In addition, failure to pay child support, failure to pay a ticket, and exceeding the limits of traffic violations are also reasons for you to get your driving license withheld for a period of time.
If it is court-related, the court can choose to confiscate your drivers license on the spot, returning it to the DMV. The DMV, however, will send you a notice that lets you know about any impending drivers license suspension, in which case you will need to surrender your license to drive to the DMV on the day of or just before your suspension is supposed to begin.
In any case, just as important as it is to know exactly how an Oregon drivers license suspension can be caused, it is equally as crucial to become familiar with the process of reinstating your drivers license when your suspension is over.
How to Reinstate a Suspended Drivers License in Person
In order to reinstate your Oregon driver license, you will have to meet all of the requirements that have been established by the state. And the punishment is going to depend based on the violation that you have committed. Generally, the cost and length of the drivers license suspension will vary. For example, if you commit a DUI and are convicted of it, your punishment will be much more costly and your suspension will be longer than the penalties another motorist faces just for driving recklessly.
If your OR drivers license was recently suspended, the best way to find out what your reinstatement requirements are is to simply check your drivers license suspension notice. You will see a code in the top right-hand corner of the notice. This is your suspension code, which you can input into the DMV's online system to find out what is required of you. But that isn't the only way that you can find out about what you need to do. You can also call the following number to ask a representative about your requirements: 503-945-5000. Furthermore, you can actually mail an inquiry to find out what steps you will need to take. The address you must send mail to is: DMV Headquarters, 1905 Lana Ave NE Salem, OR 97314.
In any case, regardless of your other penalties, the last thing you need to know about reinstating suspended drivers license documents is that the process always comes with a fee. in the state of Oregon, for instance, the fee that you will have to pay is $75. You have the option to pay this suspended drivers license reinstatement fee at the local DMV office with cash or a check. Unfortunately, the DMV does not accept credit or debit cards when it comes to paying the fee for reinstatement.


text:
iOS 7 Siri supercharged: Twitter, Bing, Wikipedia & more with new voices
Siri is getting an upgrade, with the new iOS 7 bringing an updated, more intelligent version of the digital personal assistant. The new Siri fits in with the reworked iOS 7 graphical design, of course, with a flexing, flowing speech ribbon running across the bottom of the screen when you're speaking to the service. However, it also has a new voice, with new audio samples for more realistic interactions.


text:
Great practice in Beautiful South Dakota - Near Rapid City - Fantastic location!
Urgent Care/Family Medicine Opportunity in the Majestic Black Hills Region of South Dakota
ENT Opportunity | $400,000 salary | No State Income Tax | Rapid City, SD
Rheumatology | $250,000+ Salary | Fractional Ownership in Surgical Center
Explore an Orthopedic Surgery opportunity located in one of Midwest's premier college towns.
IHS provides a comprehensive health service delivery system for American Indians & Alaska Natives. Join us in our Mission to raise the physical, mental, social & spiritual health of American Indians & Alaska Natives to the highest level.
Thousands of new jobs posted every day. Let us bring them to you. Sign up for alerts.


text:
Hi Guest, Registrations are now open. See you on the inside.
Steelers Talk
Steeler Nation lives here. Share in the good and the bad. Here we go Steelers, Here we go!
The Bill Nunn Draft Room
Discuss all aspects of the draft here.
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Latest: 3 Year Rule. Draft class of 2014 theRealeHarris, Jul 13, 2017
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text:
Barrie John, an experienced television medium, radio broadcaster, and published columnist, and Jacky Newcomb, an award-winning,Sunday Times bestselling author, team-up to offer practical advice and tips for budding ghost-hunters.
Download the accompanying reference guide.
©2013 Blackstone Audio
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text:
Today, I walked in on my husband eating cat food out of the cat bowl dressed in a cat costume. FML
Profile completedYou've filled out the necessary details. Having done so will be much appreciated.
Work is a 4-letter wordVoting on an FML in the "Work" category on a Monday morning between 8 and 9 a.m. How ironic.
MobilityYou are connected to FML via the mobile site or an app. How modern.
I moderated this!In "Moderate the FMLs", you voted Yes on a story that was subsequently published. Well done!
Up and coming moderatorIt's nice of you to help us sort out the submissions, using FML's moderate feature.
I agree, my mouse works.200 "I agree" votes is a good start.
JudgmentalYou have voted "You deserved it" over 100 times.
YDI MasterYou made your 500th "You deserved it" vote.53%
50 favoritesLove knows no boundaries. You've already added 50 FMLs to your favourites list!64%
A new thumbYou've used your thumb on 1000 comments.8%
The thumb strikes backYou have left your thumbprint on 2500 comments.3%
The return of the thumbYou have thumbed 5000 comments.2%
42See, son, moderating FMLs is like a marathon.0%
One more and it's business timeYou've received 68 Hugs on your profile. Kinky.0%
Today, I walked into the room naked while my wife was on the computer to surprise her. She smiled, put down her laptop and left for the bathroom so I started jerking it in anticipation. It was really feeling good until my wife's best friend, who was on Skype, started giggling. FML
Today, I was at working at Burger King as a cashier. A girl I met last night came in and said, "Aren't you that guy from last night?" Last night, I had told her I was going to medical school and was going to be a doctor in less than a year. FML
Today, it was my first time with my boyfriend, at his house, in his Dora the Explorer sheets. FML
Today, I hurt my back while exercising. I can't bend over or lift my arms above my head without intense pain. My husband, however, finds my situation hilarious and has moved everything I use frequently to either the floor or high shelf. He giggles every time I try to retrieve anything. FML


text: New one level home to be built , in Waterford Estates, lot 7 across the street from Culpeper country club, great location for shopping, hospital and Dr.'s. Very extensive features list, One level living, ANDERSON WINDOWS,GRANITE COUNTER, Gas heat, open and spacious design, fireplace, walk in shower, lever handles. COMPARE OUR STANDARD FEAT. GREAT WALK OUT DAY LIGHT BASEMENT, CUL DE SAC HOME SITE.


text:
Mad Season or Alice in Chains?
Alice In Chains had what...5 great CDs? Mad Season was unbelievably good, but they only put out one CD.I have to go with Alice In Chains. Cant go wrong either way though!
Alice In Chains or Nirvana?
Alice in Chains.Nirvana (for me) is difficult to rate with only 3 albums and an EP when "Alice in Chains" have 3 albums and THREE EPs :)))Serioualy -- I LIKE Nirvana, but a lot of it sounds "the sa...
Read More »
How to Write Music Like Alice in Chains?
Do you like Alice in Chains? Have you ever wondered how to construct an album similar to the style of Facelift? Emulating the style of Alice in Chains is a challenge, as they blend 4 key genres: Ro...
Read More »
How to Be a Lead Singer?
Picture this: the big audition's just around the corner, you're a lead singer, and looking forward to it - but then you start to wonder - what does a lead singer do? What about stage-presence? Well...
Read More »
Who is the lead singer of No Doubt?
Gwen Renee Stefani is a founding member and the lead singer of the ska/punk/rock band No Doubt. No Doubt came to fame after the release of their self-titled debut album in 1992.References:Bio: Gwen...
Read More »


text:
20+ Luxury Gifts for the Man Who Has Everything
Unexciting, but impossible not to appreciate. Kindle's white light is crisp and easy on your eyes.
Starting at $119; kindle.com
Noise-canceling Bluetooth headphones with invisible touch controls. Just tap the ear cups.
$400; brookstone.com
10 Holiday Gifts Your Son Will Still Be Using


text:
Hey, I was wondering if any Marvel fans (which is probably the majority of you) could help me. I mainly read DC comics and although I do love them I want to start reading some new stuff. I am very aware of the MARVEL NOW reboot coming up very soon but I was wondering if you guys could suggest a marvel comic (out now) for me to read. Tell me if its new reader friendly and why i should read it.
Thank you


text:
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21 July 2017 15:53
To see public notices closest to you enter your postcode:
Insolvency Rules
No. 105 OF 1991 RE:
I intend to pay within
four months from 26th
September 2012 (being the
last day for proving) the
first and final dividend of
58.5 p/£.
Creditors who have not yet
proved their debts must do
so by 26th September 2012
otherwise they will be
excluded from the dividend.
The required proof of debt
form is available on the
Insolvency Service website
select "Forms" and then
form 6.37). Alternatively,
you can contact my office
at Ground Floor, Copthall
House, King Street,
Newcastle Under Lyme,
Staffs, ST5 1UE, telephone
01782 664180 to supply a
Mr S J Fearns, Official
Receiver and trustee
View PDF
In the High Court of Justice
No 8206 of 2007
Solve DISpoSalS europe
(Company Number 03697737)
Notice is hereby given that it is my
intention to declare a First
Dividend to unsecured Creditors
of the above named Company.
Creditors who have not yet done
so, are required, on or before 28
September 2012, to send their
proofs of debt to the undersigned,
Mark Reynolds of Valentine & Co,
3rd Floor, Shakespeare House, 7
Shakespeare Road, London, N3
2HS, the Liquidator, and, if so
requested, to provide further
details or produce such documentary
or other evidence as may
appear to the Liquidator to be necessary.
A creditor who has not
proved his debt by the date specified
will be excluded from the
Dividend. The First Dividend will
be declared within 4 months from
28 September 2012.
Date of Appointment: 9 June
Further details contact: Elia Evagora,
Email: email@example.com,
Tel: 0208 343 3710, Fax: 0208
343 4486.
Dated: 23 August 2012
Mark S


text:
"Recruiting is going good," Tezino said. "Arizona is a big deal for me because I have three teammates going there.
"Arizona is probably the school recruiting me the hardest, along with UCLA, Arizona State, and Miami."
Three of Tezino's high school teammates are attending Arizona next year and they want Tezino to come along with them.
"Jamardre and the guys recruit me every day and almost every time they see me," Tezino said. "They just want to know where I want to go and they are telling me everything about Arizona."
As of now, Tezino has his eyes set on visiting three schools, but is unsure of any exact dates.
"I know I want to visit Arizona, California, and Washington," Tezino said. "I am not sure when I will visit those, but I know I am definitely visiting the first two."
When Tezino does go on those visits, he has a good idea of what he will be looking for.
"I am just looking to feel at home when I visit the school," he said. "I want to know and feel that I belong."
Arizona is somewhat open as to which position it wants Tezino for, but there is one that he would prefer.
"Arizona wants me at linebacker, but they say I can probably play the rover," Tezino said. "I would probably prefer linebacker. I am quick as a linebacker. Some are not that quick, but I also play safety, so I can bring that speed and skills to the linebacker position."


text:
Web Standards Creativity: Innovations in Web Design with XHTML, CSS, and DOM Scripting / Edition 1by Andy Budd, Rob Weychert, Dan Rubin, Ian Lloyd, Derek Featherstone
Pub. Date: 03/17/2007
Publisher: Apress
- Be inspired by 10 web design lessons from 10 of the world's best web designers
- Get creative with cutting-edge XHTML, CSS, and DOM scripting techniques
- Learn breathtaking design skills while remaining standards-compliant
Here at friends of ED, we know that as a web designer or developer, your work involves more than just/ul>/li>/li>/li>
- Be inspired by 10 web design lessons from 10 of the world's best web designers
- Get creative with cutting-edge XHTML, CSS, and DOM scripting techniques
- Learn breathtaking design skills while remaining standards-compliant
Here at friends of ED, we know that as a web designer or developer, your work involves more than just working to pay the bills. We know that each day, you strive to push the boundaries of your medium, unleashing your creativity in new ways to make your websites more engaging and attractive to behold, while still maintaining cross-browser support, standards compliance, and accessibility.
That's why we got together 10 of the world's most talented web designers to share their secrets with you. Web Standards Creativity is jam-packed with fresh, innovative design ideas. The topics range from essential CSS typography and grid design, effective styling for CMS-driven sites, and astonishing PNG transparency techniques, to DOM scripting magic for creating layouts that change depending on browser resolution and user preference, and better print layouts for web pages. We're sure you will find something here to inspire you!
This full-color book's examples are not just stunning to look at, but also fully standards-compliant, up-to-date, and tested in current browsers including Internet Explorer 7. Playing by the rules doesn't have to mean drab or dull websitesWeb Standards can be fun!
Product Details
- 9781590598030
- Publisher:
- Apress
- Publication date:
- 03/17/2007
- Edition description:
- 1st Corrected ed. 2007. Corr. 3rd printing 2007
- Pages:
- 288
- Product dimensions:
- 7.00(w) x 9.25(h) x 0.76(d)
Table of Contents
About the Technical Reviewer ix
Acknowledgments xi
Getting Creative with Web Standards xiii
Layout Magic 1
Semantic Structure, Dirty Pretty Presentation 2
The brief 5
Semantic structure 7
Dirty pretty presentation 9
Background images 9
Background, masthead, and menu 10
Content highlights 18
Conclusion 23
Taming a Wild CMS with CSS, Flash, and JavaScript 24
Setting the scene 26
A crash course on CMS 28
The CMS challenge 29
Design on a dime 30
The visual elements 30
The markup is but a shell 32
The layout and styles 35
The typography 40
Spit and polish 44
Issues with the design 45
Such a #teaser 47
Taking care of Internet Explorer 48
Conclusion 49
New York Magazine: My, What a Classy [left angle bracket]body[right angle bracket] 50
Mo' metro, mo' style 52
Getting started 53
Structuring the CSS 55
Adding a layer of style 57
Negative margins and columns and stuff! Oh my! 58
Getting column-tastic (finally) 60
My class-fu is unstoppable 62
Intelligent modules 68
Additional classes, additional control 71
Starting small (980 pixels' worth) 71
Tying in JavaScript 72
Summary 76
Designing for Outside the Box 78
Worries? 80
Worrying about the Web 80
Designing for WorrySome.net 80
Stop worrying, start with markup 82
Adding the content elements 82
Adding divisions from the content out 86
Satisfying your soul (with CSS) 88
Styling WorrySome.net 90
Dealing with legacy browsers 106
No worries! 107
Creative Use of PNG Transparency in Web Design 108
PNG, GIF, and JPEG 110
What is PNG? 110
So why is GIF still so popular? 110
What about JPEG? 110
Some great uses for the humble PNG 111
The gradient 111
The image that needs to work on any background 112
The translucent HTML overlay 113
The watermark 118
The mask 121
The color-changing icon 123
OK, but what browsers does it work in? 126
The Internet Explorer workaround: AlphaImageLoader 126
A real-world use of AlphaImageLoader 127
Conclusion 128
Effective Print Techniques Applied to CSS Design 129
Grid Design for the Web 130
What is a grid system? 132
Through the ages 132
Ratios and the canvas 134
Putting grid systems into practice 135
Beginning with the pen 136
Breaking down the elements 136
Designing the columns 138
Adding gutters, margins, and padding 139
What about colors and other visual elements? 140
Building the XHTML 141
Building the CSS 144
It's starting to look like a website 150
Issues with the design 152
Conclusion 152
Bridging the Type Divide: Classic Typography with CSS 156
A brief history of type 158
Know your text face 158
Introducing Georgia 158
The process 159
The right man for the job 159
A page for Poe 160
A readable line length 161
Paragraph indents 166
Drop caps 170
All caps 175
Text figures vs. titling figures 176
Small caps 177
Conclusion 180
DOM Scripting Gems 181
Print Magic: Using the DOM and CSS to Save the Planet 182
A printing technique is born 184
The basic idea 184
Preparing the foundations 185
Sectioning the page 185
Identifying the sections 187
Pseudocode first 137
Event planning 188
From pseudocode to real code 190
Recap: what these scripts do 195
What about the CSS? 197
A couple of refinements 198
Let's see it in action, already! 200
Sliding in the code 201
Styling the print links 203
Pulling it all together 204
Never mind all that-what about saving the planet? 205
Conclusion 206
Creating Dynamic Interfaces Using JavaScript 208
Different layouts for different needs 210
Resolution-dependent layouts 210
Browser size, not resolution 216
Multiple CSS files 216
Turning on the style 218
Optimizations for Internet Explorer 5.x 222
Modular layouts 223
The markup 226
Expanding and collapsing modules 226
Reorganizing modules 231
Keeping track of changes 240
Conclusion 241
Accessible Sliding Navigation 242
The killer feature 244
Accessibility basics 245
Accessibility guidelines 245
Accessibility and JavaScript 246
The accessible solution 246
Starting with pristine HTML 248
Adding the presentation 249
Switching between CSS states with JavaScript 250
Adding sliding behaviors 252
Where does the accessibility come in to it? 254
Low vision 255
Voice recognition 256
Screen readers 259
Keyboard-only use 259
Conclusion 260
Index 261
Customer Reviews
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text:
Hi Ladies,
I am 28 years old and I'm 14 weeks Pregnant with my second child. I am a plus size and just wanted a group where it would be a little more comfortable talking about our issues. I have Gestational Diabetes and I'm on insulin at night. I am not married but have been with my SO (significant other) for almost 14 years.
I you want , I would like to know a little about everyone.


text:
Parker Station 2010 Pinot Noir
Acclaimed actor, director, and producer Fess Parker—the TV face of American legends Davy Crockett and Daniel Boone—devoted much of his life to developing yet another talent: winemaking. His 714-acre Fess Parker Winery has won several awards and accolades for its varietals, including an Editor's Choice award from Wine Enthusiast magazine. This 2010 pinot noir pays tribute to the robust nature of its creator's personality, tempting the nose and palate with notes of bright cherry, cranberry, strawberry, and vanilla. Hints of toasty oak, forest floor, and clove add a bit of intensity and complexity to the lively, acidic blend, which is made from 91% pinot noir and 9% napa gamay. The grapes in this round, balanced wine are sourced entirely from Santa Barbara vineyards, including Stokes Brothers Vineyard and Scheid Vineyard, and nicely complement the flavors of grilled salmon or pan-fried rainbow.
- Medium- to full-bodied pinot noir
- Blend of 91% pinot noir and 9% napa gamay grapes
- Flavors notes include bright cherry, cranberry, strawberry, and vanilla
- Aromas of cherry, strawberry, earth, forest floor, toasty oak, clove, cinnamon, and vanilla
- Round and balanced, like a hippo on a high-wire
- 13.8% alcohol by volume
- pH: 3.63
- Production: 16,000 cases
- Grapes sourced from Santa Barbara County vineyards
- Vineyard sources: Scheid Vineyard, Stokes Brothers Vineyard, Camp Four Vineyard, Rodney's Vineyard, and Simpson Vineyard
- Ships to select states only (see fine print)
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Would you give up what you need... to get everything you want?
A talented young singer and aspiring songwriter's Christian faith and family ties are tested when she defies her worship-pastor father and pursues pop-music stardom in GRACE UNPLUGGED, a moving and inspiring new film that explores the true meaning of success.
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by Mac Slavo, SHTF Plan:
NASA has released a graphic showing a rip in the fabric of the sun, so to speak, that is leaking solar radiation through a hole in its surface.
This is sending a bombardment of particles towards earth that could interfere with the electric grid and disrupt any technologies that are electromagnetic based.
The experts aren't expecting a major storm this time – with only a G2 warning issued for the current onset of unusual solar activity. This will be enough only to heighten the aurora borealis effects and test the real world resilience of satellites and other sensitive equipment.
Here's what it looks like:
But future solar eruptions – which could become more volatile if the sun is experiencing drastic changes or anomalies – could be much worse. If a G4 or G5 level solar storm or other space weather event impacts earth, there could definitely be a lights out scenario where supplies and communications reach a critical level, while desperation and unrest set in:
via Daily Mail:
An elongated coronal hole stretching across the face of the sun sent solar wind particles gushing toward Earth last week.
NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory has revealed a stunning animation of the phenomenon, showing the massive dark patch marring the surface of our star.
These are areas in which the magnetic field has opened, allowing solar wind particles to come streaming out.
Space-weather forecasters issued a 'G2 alert', the second lowest classification on the geomagnetic storm scale… the resulting geomagnetic storm, while minor, could have some effects on satellites and the power grid.
'The principal users affected by geomagnetic storms are the electrical power grid, spacecraft operations, users of radio signals that reflect off of or pass through the ionosphere, and observers of the aurora,' the NOAA said.
Stronger storms have taken place, and those who are paying attention are anticipating a major, crippling event:
This past fall, solar winds triggered a giant geomagnetic storm, raising fears that they could cripple power supplies. Warnings were issued by the operator of the biggest power grid in the US, PJM Interconnection LLC, as well as by Midcontinent Independent System Operator, which manages high-voltage power lines across North America…
The solar storms could potentially affect telecommunications and power infrastructures all over the globe.
Military and national security infrastructure has already taken precautions. Specialized cement has been invented and commercialized to shield both new and existing buildings from the harm that would be caused by an EMP event or similar disruption via the electromagnetic spectrum.
Man has adapted rapidly, and utilized technological progress over the many frequencies of the known spectrum. But nature still holds its power over this same band of frequencies, and can unleash some powerful forces that could potentially knockdown or wipe out human-made devices. Meanwhile, governments and rogue players also hold the power to initiate an EMP attack – it remains the most realistic, widespread scenario for a major disaster outside of economic collapse or a truly catastrophic earthquake or volcano.
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Alice Wonder is ready for summer wearing a sexy pink top and skirt. All hot, she strips naked and shows us her 34C breasts, hairy pits and hairy bush. She strokes her hands over her hairy body nicely.
Small Breasts, Hairy Armpits, Lingerie, Hairy Ass, Hairy Arms, Blondes, Striptease
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Hitachi is bailing out of the PC business. Citing cut-throat competition, the decision brings an end its 29 years as a PC hardware maker. In those markets where it continues to sell PCs, thel brand will sell products sourced from Hewlett-Packard. The company says it will redeploy its PC engineers to work on flat-panel TVs.
Hitachi crashes out of PC business
October 25th, 2007 · No Comments
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Mumbai: Tilana Kandamby slammed a lucky 60 off 76 balls before medium pacer Tharanga Lakshita grabbed three wickets to put Sri Lanka 'A' in the driver's seat on the second day of the third Test match against India 'A' at the Brabourne Stadium in Mumbai.
|The visitors, resuming their first innings on 134 for four after bowling out India 'A' for a paltry 172, made 226 off 66 overs to take a crucial 54-run first innings lead.
In their second outing, India 'A' batsmen again fared poorly as they were bowled out for 206, Hemang Badani topscoring with 49 and Lakshita picking 3 for 39.
At stumps, Sri Lanka 'A' were six for no loss in one over in their second innings.
Earlier, in the first innings, Naveed Nawaz (47, 83b, 4x4, 1x6) and Anushka Polonowita (42, 79b 7x4) added 67 runs off 19 overs for the fifth wicket and then Kandamby, who was dropped twice, added another 62 runs with Omesh Wijesiriwardene (22, 41b, 3x4) for the eighth wicket to give respectability to the Sri Lanka 'A' total.
Kandamby was first dropped by Gautam Gambhir at point off paceman Amit Bhandari when on one with the team total reading 140 for five and then Murali Kartik dropped him at mid-on off Bhandari when on 53.
The India 'A' bowlers, particularly the seamers Bhandari and Trivedi bowled their heart out but failed to get full support from their fielders. Trivedi, who bowled a fine line and length, was the pick of the India 'A' bowlers taking four for 23 from eleven overs and probably could have restricted the visitors if he was brought much earlier by skipper Das. Bhandari (three for 55) and left arm spinner Kartik (three for 78) gave him good support.
The India 'A' batsmen refused to learn their lessons from their first innings debacle and repeated the same mistakes and perished. Only left hander Hemang Badani (49 off 81 balls), who came in at number seven, looked like playing a long innings despite being dropped on 41 by wicketkeeper Jayawardene off Lakshita with the score reading 179 for eight. He was finally trapped leg before the wicket by Lakshita for 49 that contained eight boundaries. He also added a valuable 44 runs, the highest partnership in the second essay, for the ninth wicket with Siddharth Trivedi (19 off 45 balls with three fours).
Earlier, Das and Gambhir had added 33 runs for the opening stand in 10.1 overs before both fell for 19 and 18 runs respectively.
Ambati Rayudu was the second highest scorer with 34 off 49 balls with a single hit to the fence while Mohammed Kaif (4), left hander Rohan Gavaskar (12), Ajay Ratra (13) and Kartik (12) could not make any substantial contributions to the team total.
Herath sends India 'A' packing
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A trapeze act was a group of individuals who performed on a trapeze.
In 2374, Vic Fontaine encouraged the crew of Deep Space 9 visiting Vic's lounge to forgo their usual uniforms in favor of coats and neckties (men) and dresses (women), saying they looked like a trapeze act. (DS9: "His Way")


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On trend and on price. This is your destination for inspiration. Founded in 2006, BooHoo is an online retailer that offers men and women a variety of different fashions and accessories, featuring all of the season's latest trends in one, 24/7 retailer. Endlessly chic and always fashion-forward, BooHoo can help dress you for any occasion, featuring a great selection of shirts and pants, dresses and skirts, footwear, swimwear, fashion accessories and even more. You can also check their boutique section for limited edition styles that will really grab anyone's attention. Subscribe to the BooHoo newsletter to receive the latest style news as well as exclusive offers in your inbox. A free shipping promotion is offered on all orders within the U.S.No need for tears. Now you can save on your next purchase by using Definitive Deals for our BooHoo coupons and BooHoo coupon codes.
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Le Le's 15-second songs, the Chemical Brothers team up with Q-Tip and a horror music video by Summer Camp in this week's picks
Le Le: Le Mikro Collection
The zany Amsterdam-based artist Parra, known for his bold blue-and-red works, also siphons some of his overflowing humor and energy as a member of the electronic music trio Le Le. The "new new wave" group finds inspiration in cheesy Italian disco and gritty club beats, churning out dance tracks that are as fresh as they are lewd. Their latest surprise drop is Le Mikro Collection, an album that exists only on their Instagram account. Each of the nine tracks (with titles like "Digital Oolong Tea" and "Sexpomp") is 15 seconds long and accompanied by a Parra animation.
The Chemical Brothers feat. Q-Tip: Go
British electronic music act The Chemical Brothers' eighth studio album, Born in the Echoes, is due out this July and will feature contributions from St. Vincent, Beck and more. Drumming up anticipation is their music video for "Go"—a darker dance track with old school vibes featuring verses from Q-Tip. The video is directed by mise-en-scène master Michel Gondry (who previously collaborated with the duo for "Let Forever Be" and "Star Guitar"). Once again, Gondry keeps viewers' eyes stuck to the screen using the bare minimum: seven ladies dancing in unison.
PC Music Volume 1
Hovering somewhere between the imagination and reality, "London-based" (but more likely existing in the deep web) collective PC Music has been electroshocking the world of pop with their hyper-manufactured hits. PC Music has just released the compilation PC Music Volume 1, featuring singles from Hannah Diamond, A.G. Cook (also behind the oh-so-catchy "Hey QT"), Danny L Harle and more, and bringing their tracks to Spotify and iTunes for the first time. On 8 May 2015, as a part of this month's Red Bull Music Academy Festival New York, PC Music and SOPHIE will be hosting an experimental show like no other; the sold-out event "Pop Cube" will see the live launch of their PC Music TV Network.
Odessa: Hummed Low
A few deep breaths are recommended before sinking into Odessa's quiet song "Hummed Low." Through a bare yet polished arrangement, LA-based classical violinist-turned-singer-songwriter (who toured as a back-up violinist for bands like Edward Sharpe & the Magnetic Zeroes) sings of expansive blue skies, miles of open road and a drive to a meaningful final destination—letting you escape the hectic pace of the city—if only for a fleeting moment. Odessa's self-titled debut album is now available.
Summer Camp: Bad Love
Summer Camp is set to release their third album Bad Love on 25 May; this week they've released a playful video for the title track. "Bad Love" features the husband and wife duo (Jeremy Warmsley and Elizabeth Sankey) as stars of a make-believe, '90s-vibe slasher film—complete with fake blood, letterman jackets and adolescent angst—fitting for the band who made the soundtrack for teen movie documentary "Beyond Clueless." The track itself is a thumping pop song that balances distorted synths with Sankey's saccharine vocals.
ListenUp is a Cool Hunting series published every Sunday that rounds up the music we tweeted throughout the week, also found in Listen. Hear the year so far via Cool Hunting Spotify.


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Ford Bronco 1993 Eddie Bauer Edition SUV top comes off, runs great, navy
Price: US $3,800.00 Item location: Carthage, North Carolina, United States
- Condition: Used
- Make: Ford
- Model: Bronco
- Trim: Eddie Bauer
- Year: 1993
- Mileage: 334,627
- Color: Blue
- Engine size: 351 Windsor
- Number of cylinders: 8
- Power options: Air Conditioning, Cruise Control, Power Locks, Power Windows
- Fuel: Gasoline
- Transmission: Automatic
- Drive type: 4WD
- Interior color: Tan
- Options: 4-Wheel Drive, CD Player, Convertible, radio
- Vehicle Title: Clear Want to buy? Contact seller!
1993 Ford Bronco
|1993 Ford Bronco Eddie Bauer edition, navy blue with tan interior, runs good, nice mud tires, has a spare tire, V8 with 351 Windsor Engine was replaced in 2015 and has under 20,000 miles on it. Automatic, four wheel drive works, automatic windows also automatic rear window, all work! Air condition works! Radio and CD work great! Small crack in windshield. Top in great condition, top comes off to turn into a convertible SUV!!! We have the title. Located in Whispering Pines, NC


text: On its exhibition stand at the ITMA Asia + CITME 2012 (June 12th - 16th, 2012), Rieter will be demonstrating its competence across the entire spinning process and presenting all 4 end spinning systems live on the stand (Hall W2, Booth No. A10). For the upstream fiber and spinning plant preparation, Rieter now offers 1 000 mm cans throughout thereby ensuring higher efficiency and convenience in the spinning plant. Multimedia presentations will convey to visitors a striking impression of the advantages and features of the new Rieter E 80 combing flagship. The know-how relating to financing, spinning mill planning, use of the right technological elements, selection of the correct spinning process as well as many other factors is necessary to achieve success in the operation of a spinning plant. Rieter is presenting all this expertise at the ITMA Asia + CITME 2012. Numerous highlights and innovations can be admired live on the Rieter exhibition stand. Here a brief overview: • Rieter provides the opportunity to see the new 1.5 m wide C 70 card with the biggest active carding area. • The new E 80 comber with unrivaled quality and production levels will be introduced by Rieter with a multimedia presentation. • The G 32 ring spinning machine (operational) produces ring and compact yarn – quality controlled by the ISM individual spindle sensor and the SPIDERweb mill monitoring system. • Excellent rotor yarn with yarn-like piecers will be produced by the new fully-automatic R 60 rotor spinning machine (operational). • The new double-sided J 20 air-jet spinning machine (operational) will be introduced for the first time to the Asian market. • What the benefits and characteristics of the 4 spinning systems mean for downstream processing can be experienced by visitors in the Technology Corner. Here end products and fabric samples of the 4 Rieter yarns are available. • The latest retrofits and high-quality original spare parts will be presented by Rieter's spare parts experts. The Exhibits: C 70 Card, E 80 Comber, 1 000 m Cans from the Card to the Comber, G 32 Ring Spinnning Machine, R 60 Rotor Spinning Machine, J 20 Air-Jet Spinning Machine, Technology Corner, Spare Parts and Retrofits Rieter develops and manufactures machinery, systems and components for producing yarns from natural and manmade fibers and their blends. As a leading manufacturer, Rieter covers the entire spinning process and can therefore develop optimal solutions for customers.


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by Nathaniel Darnell, former Vision Forum Ministries employee, at Persevero News - Of Men and Megalomaniacs: Getting Beyond Alleged Sexual Abuse of Certain Homeschool Leaders(Trigger Warning: Blame shifting, sexual abuse, abuse by fathers and leaders)There's been quite a bit of buzz recently about complaints against Bill Gothard, founder and teacher of IBLP (the Institute of Basic Life Principles) and ATII (the Advanced Training Institute International), for allegedly being involved in sexual harassment of several young ladies who served at the ministry's headquarters in Chicago. To be clear, dozens if not hundreds of young ladies have circulated through the ministry doors over the de … [Read more...]
Accountability and Failure and More Accountability
by Lana Hope cross posted from her blog Wide Open GroundMy early years of my childhood were filled with a lot of rules. My family started homeschooling in the early 90s when I was 6. My first two years homeschooling were really fun. We did a ton of field trips and park days, and I still had my trolls. Lord knows I loved my trolls. … [Read more...]
Quoting Quiverfull: Branded a "Destroyer"?
by Peter Bradrick from his Facebook The past decade of my life has been defined by my close relationship with my mentor and former spiritual father. Those who know me recognize my longstanding, fierce commitment to his family, his work, and his legacy. As soon as I caught wind of what was going on, I became very involved in working towards fulfilling the duties of friendship and brotherhood – to confront a man who has been like a father to me for a third of my life and plead with him to truthfully confess, and to genuinely take responsibility for longstanding betrayal of everything we had fought together for with the hope of ultimate restoration. … [Read more...]
Quoting Quiverfull: A Ministry Head Cheating is a Predictable Cycle?
by Natalie Klejwa of Visionary Womanhood - Thinking About Vision Forum I'm sad about what has happened, but I'm not shocked. It hasn't rocked my world. Not even a little. I think that's because I've seen so many good ministries start off – grow – falter in their adolescence – and then crumble. It's a predictable cycle. So this post is really about perspective. … [Read more...]
Vision Forum Inc. – The 'For Profit' VF is Closing!
by Calulu cross posted from her blog True Love Doesn't Rape...And so things get a bit more grim for the Phillips.There's been no official word on the closing of the incorporated for profit side of Vision Forum closing after Doug Phillips stepped down after admitting his affair and the closing of the ministry side of Vision Forum, but it looks like that is indeed what is happening. … [Read more...]
Quoting Quiverfull: Cultural Comformity and Compromise?
by Geoff Botkin apologizing for his early comments on Christian Rap music - NCFIC Blog: An Apology "I need to apologize for the unintended offense and confusion of my comments on disobedient cowardice. I certainly do not believe that all of today's Christian rappers are cowardly. My most sincere apologies go to anyone out there who was hurt by my strong language. While I do hold concerns about the use and misuse of rap, my words were not directed at any particular artist. My greater concern is for the broad cultural conformity and compromise that is not limited to reformed rap." … [Read more...]
Quoting Quiverfull: Icky Patriarchy?
by Doug Wilson from his blog Blog and Mablog - Patriarchy, Vision Forum, and All the Rest of it.But the Word Patriarchy Makes Me Feel Icky The word patriarchy has more than a narrow denotation. There are also connotations, which must be taken into account as well. It does no good to use a word, and then, when everybody in the world misunderstands me, to plead the dictionary. Some of these connotations are honestly come by and some of them are not. … [Read more...]
Class, College, and Courtship: Why the next generation of Quiverfull will probably be poorer than their parents
by The Graduate I think that part of the reason that our family was never really considered true homeschoolers by some of our peers is because we had money. My dad is a brilliant businessman, and his success certainly did drive a wedge between us and our peers, and we were always viewed as different. It is true that we did the same things to save money that other homeschool families did, but we did them as our hobbies, not out of necessity. We never struggled with making the mortgage or worried about our cars breaking down. … [Read more...]
Quoting Quiverfull: How Much More 'Clear' Does Doug Phillips Need to Be?
by Doug Phillips of Vision Forum on Vision Forum Ministries website re his 'sin' that caused the closing of Vision Forum Ministries I would like to express my gratitude for the great kindness so many have shown to my family in the wake of my stepping down as president of Vision Forum Ministries. My family has been greatly encouraged by many loving notes we have received. With that in mind, I want to be so very clear about the rightness of this transition, and I want to clear up some matters which have been brought to my … [Read more...]


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We help you find a Oldbury piccolo teacher. Piccolo tuition are a great way to start a stimulating new hobby, acquire a new talent and gain confidence with piccolo. Use our site to find Oldbury piccolo tutors and choose which best suits your needs so you can begin your piccolo tuition in Oldbury straight away!
First Tutors: Music is the best way to contact Oldbury piccolo teachers in the UK, helping you find Oldbury piccolo lessons close to you and Oldbury teachers to help with any instrument, for example, piano, violin or guitar. We can help you find Oldbury piccolo tuition or a Oldbury piccolo teacher to prepare for piccolo grades and improve your piccolo skills! Our search will order Oldbury piccolo tutors near you according to their tuition prices and proximity to you.
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Neogama BBH shows urban oasis as a metaphor for refreshing power of Mentos Pure Fresh. In order to magnify the refreshing power of Perfetti Van Melle Mentos Pure Fresh, Neogama BBH has created a print campaign that uses a striking visual metaphor. The pieces show green areas embedded in large urban centers - Central Park in New York, Hyde Park in London and Shinjuku Gyoen in Tokyo – with the headline: "Crunchy outside. Refreshing inside. Surprising chewing gum with liquid filling.
Print advertisment created by BBH, Brazil for Mentos, within the category: Confectionery, Snacks.
Crunchy outside. Refreshing inside.
Surprisingl chewing gum with liquid filling.
Executive Creative Director: Alexandre Gama
Creative Directors: Márcio Ribas, Wilson Mateos
Art Director: Thiago Cruz and Rafael Segri
Copywriter: Silvio Amorim
Highest Rated
okay are all the guest comments from the team that worked on it done....WTF is with this bad campaign
concept is okay. colors are dull. the product does not stand out. spend a minute looking at the ad thinking what is this supposed to be because the mentos fades in with the rest of the dull background.
Seems like Neogama has a department of interns just to post here how great their ads are.
I think this ads are
one step forward from the others
Good job, works for me.
i dont find it emotionally connecting
the kind of product it is, it must should have emotionally connecting
~ Quite obviously, I have gathered no moss ! ~
I think is a little far from the product, but i like this ads exactly because of this.
We have no rules to make advertising.
Nice campaign and retouch.You guys should do with more cities around the world.
This is an exceptional ad. I disagree with rolling.stone. It creates an immediate emotional connection and makes a familiar reference: NYC is known as a "concrete jungle" with high levels of pollution, little green spaces and grumpy people. But we all view Central Park as kind of a softer, gentler, more soothing oasis within the city. Great stuff.
What an irony...Brazil coming up with New York, London & Tokyo!!
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|THAILAND ABOUNDS in National Parks, the bulk of which are situated in the North of the country. It would take a book to describe in detail each or all, but we offer a brief look at some of these fine parks in the province of Chiang Mai.
The most popular of Chiang Mai's National Parks is that of Doi Inthanon which covers an area of 482 square kilometres and houses Thailand's highest peak, Doi Inthanon, standing 2,565 metres above sea level. Temperatures at the summit in winter have been known to drop to around zero, and even in summer it remains relatively cool on the peak.
The park lies to the South of Chiang Mai: a 57 kilometre drive to Chom Thong, then a right turn and a further 30 kilometres to the park entrance. Doi Inthanon is home to more than 300 species of birds, and while animal numbers have dwindled owing to hunting, there are still to be found snakes, gibbons, deer, wild board and Red jungle fowl.
Hmong and Karen villagers harvest cool-weather fruits such as strawberries, apples and grapes, as well as many exotic flowers.
The park is home to many waterfalls, including one of the country's most beautiful - Mae Ya waterfall. Visitors can swim or picnic at some of these falls, and they are very popular in the summer months. The park has nature trails that criss-cross the hills and valleys, and are very popular with bird watchers.
A few kilometres short of the summit of Doi Inthanon, the Royal Thai Air Force constructed two magnificent chedis dedicated to the King and Queen. The views from this area are stunning, and the gardens house many unusual plants.
There are fully furnished log cabins, or bungalows for rent at two sites in the park and at least one formal campsite. Bookings can be made up to 60 days in advance, with payment due three days after booking. The densely forested hillsides of the park provide welcoming shade for the many species of
Doi Suthep - Pui National Park is just 12 kilometres outside the city of Chiang Mai, and begins at the base of the mountain where visitors and pilgrims can pay their respects to the statue of Kruba Sriwichai - "the builder monk" responsible for the restoration of many temples in Chiang Mai province and beyond.
Higher up the mountain lies one of the country's most revered Buddhist temples, Wat Prathart Doi Suthep, which attracts pilgrims from throughout the country and around the world.
Higher up the mountain one can see the Bhuping Palace, the winter residence of the royal family, which also houses a royal guesthouse for prominent state visitors from abroad. The king and queen of Denmark were the first overseas royal visitors to stay at the palace in 1962. Doi Pui peak attracts all manner of visitors, from mountain bikers, bird watchers, botanists, butterfly enthusiasts to everyday nature trail hikers. The peak is also popular for those wishing to study the stars on clear, peaceful nights surrounded by the fresh scents of the forest. As with all national parks in the country, Doi Suthep- Pui boasts several beautiful waterfalls, beginning with the Huay Kaew waterfall located close to the Kruba Sriwichai memorial at the foot of Doi Suthep Road.
Sri Lanna National Park is the sixth largest in the country and can be found by driving along the Chiang Mai - Prao Road. The park is host to the Mae Ngud, Mae Taeng and Chiang Dao forests, and is the source of the mighty Mae Ping River.
The large Mae Ngud reservoir provides an oasis for summer visitors who can stay at one of a number of floating houses on the water, or if visiting just for the day can enjoy a swim, fish or canoe.
Nature trails abound in this vast area, and visitors can enjoy the beautiful flora and fauna that can be found in the park the year round.
Ob Luang National Park lies about 105 kilometres from Chiang Mai and can be reached by taking the Chiang Mai - Hod Road, then the Hod - Mae Sariang Road for another 17 kilometres to the park entrance.
The park is home to many species birds and wild animals, and some of its main attractions are the Thep Panom
Huay Naam Dang National Park began with a development project initiated by His Majesty the king to solve the problems of forest encroachment and poaching, while enhancing the lives of the local hill tribe people. The park is
The park lies 109 kilometres to the Northwest of Chiang Mai on road 1095 on the way to Mae Hong Sorn province.
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