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FACT, INFORMATION, OPINION and NEWS
April 2007
Over 1,100 Respond to the Call made by FACT Women
A call by F.A.C.T. women members for the impact of false allegations of child abuse on women and their families to be given more attention has resulted in over 1,100 people responding. A F.A.C.T. spokesperson said "The response has been overwhelming. In a relatively short period of time hundreds of people have come forward to show their support for this initiative. Some of these people are well known to F.A.C.T. but the vast majority are not. The call has struck a chord with ordinary people on the street, and with women in particular. The response clearly shows that the general public no longer believe in British justice and that there is an overwhelming distrust of child protection investigations." As one respondent put it. "What the child protection agencies, police and politicians need to understand is that false allegations of child abuse destroy family life, and often irreparably damages children. Investigating false allegations of child abuse does not protect children but rather causes childhood destruction." We are grateful to all those who have helped progress this initiative, and in particular have declared their support. We very much hope that you will respond to this call by attending one of the F.A.C.T. 'Awakening Day' vigils which are due to take place on Tuesday 27th March 2007 at various locations throughout the UK (see page 4 for full details). We will be delighted if you can come. If you would like more details please contact your nearest vigil organiser or George Williamson, our national vigil organiser. George's contact details are:Phone: 0113 2550559 Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Harry Dickson Wins his Appeal
F.A.C.T. North West member Harry Dickson was successful in winning his appeal against conviction. Harry was sentenced to 12 years imprisonment at Preston Crown Court in May 2005, following allegations of sexual assault, including rape. On the 9th March 2007 the Appeal Court ruled that his conviction was unsafe. The Prosecution have asked for a retrial. The Appeal Court queried whether a retrial would be in the complainant's best interests and have given the prosecution 28 days to indicate their intentions. Unfortunately, for legal reasons, we are unable to give any details of the case except to say the three Appeal Court judges were highly critical of the prosecution for failing to disclose more than 550 pages of unused material some (but not all) of which would have assisted Mr Dickson's defence. The prosecution did not help their case by failing to comply with an earlier Court order to hand over certain documents when ordered to do so. Speaking after his release Mr Dickson paid tribute to his family for their unfailing support, and in particular to his sister Marianne, and his solicitor Chris Saltrese. Mr Dickson also paid tribute to F.A.C.T. members who came to the Appeal Court to show their support and to all those people who have supported him in prison by writing to him and sending cards. "Prison has not been easy for me and without their support and prayers I don't think I would have made it" he said. Speaking after the trial Harry's seventy four
Continued on page 2
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FACTion / April 2007 Page 1
Falsely Accused Carers and Teachers
F.A.C.T. is a voluntary organisation which supports carers and teachers who have been falsely accused and/or wrongly convicted of child abuse, and campaigns on their behalf, for changes in investigative practice, and for reform of the criminal justice system.
I begin my editorial this month by thanking everyone who has supported the call made by F.A.C.T. women members that more attention be given to the impact false allegations of child abuse have on families. The response has been quite staggering. As an organisation we must constantly remind politicians and others that false allegations of child abuse not only destroy individual feelings of self worth but also place a great strain on family relationships, and in particular innocent children. It is important this message is understood by child protection workers. Paradoxically, it is also true that false allegations bring out the best in families. We see this time and time again as the case of Harry Dickson shows. In that case (as in so many others known to F.A.C.T.) Harry owes his freedom as much to the painstaking work undertaken by family members (and to his sister in particular) as well to his legal team. Whilst we can all rejoice in yet another Appeal Court victory we must also remember those families who have been torn apart by recent convictions. In particular our thoughts go out to Liz Shotton from Sussex, and her family; and to Sandra Edwards from Hull. Both of their husbands have recently been convicted and sentenced to long terms of imprisonment. Both are of impeccable character and maintain their innocence. It is cases like this which ram home the importance of the need to support our National Awakening Day and the vigils which take place on Tuesday 27th March. Various members of the committee will be attending different locations so please come along (full details on page 4). Finally, Ingrid Karmark has asked me to thank those who responded to her call for case material to use in her research. Ingrid is delighted with the response but still needs other cases for comparison and contrast. If you are able to help please contact her without delay. Her telephone number is 01795 430 660 and e-mail address: email@example.com With my best wishes, Rory
from page 1
Committee and Editorial Team
F.A.C.T. is managed by a national committee who can be contacted as follow: Chairman Secretary Treasurer Lobbying Membership Rory (email@example.com) 01787 227997 Michael (firstname.lastname@example.com) 02920 777499 Ian (email@example.com) 01905 778170 George (email@example.com) 0113 2550559 Ian & Joy (firstname.lastname@example.com) 01594 529 237 Parole Press Prison & Family Support George (firstname.lastname@example.com) Gail (firstname.lastname@example.com) 02920 513016 Joy (email@example.com) 01594 529 237
The committee is also supported by one other member, and up to three co-opted members and representatives from the regions, who can be contacted via the national secretary. All correspondence should be sent to: F.A.C.T. P.O. Box 3074, Cardiff, CF3 3WZ or by email to email@example.com F.A.C.T.'s two main regional groups can be contacted at: F.A.C.T. North West, P.O. Box 167, PRENTON, CH26 9AX firstname.lastname@example.com F.A.C.T. North Wales P.O. Box 2161, Wrexham, LL13 9WQ email@example.com email@example.com
FACTion is produced at approximately 6-8 week intervals at the national committee's discretion, and is provided free of charge to F.A.C.T. members. The editorial team welcome articles for publication, of about 150 to 1,500 words, and letters of not more than 200 words. These should be sent, to email@example.com or by post to FACTion, P.O. Box 3074, Cardiff, CF3 3WZ. (email preferred) The editorial team reserve the right to edit any article or letter sent for publication. All submissions must be accompanied by the contributors name and address which, on request, will be withheld from publication.
The views contained in FACTion are not necessarily those of F.A.C.T. or its national committee.
year old mother said "My prayers have been answered. I am delighted Harry has been released. I have never once doubted his innocence. I am so grateful to all those those who have supported us through this terrible ordeal. They are wonderful people."
FACTion / April 2007
Page 2
Press Release:
"After years of privately lobbying the authorities over false allegations and wrongful convictions of child sexual abuse, campaigners will hold Public Protest Vigils at locations across England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland to bring their concerns to the politicians, the media and the public", says the Vigil spokeswoman.
Chris Saltrese Solicitors
Chris Saltrese Solicitors is a law firm firm providing a premium service in representing clients accused of sexual offences and domestic violence, in criminal proceedings. We have unrivalled expertise in these areas, both regionally and nationally. Many of our clients face allegations as a result of • domestic or relationship disputes • contact disputes • mental health problems • financial incentives and have no prior experience of the criminal justice system. Often these allegations involve uncorroborated, historic allegations. In this complex arena specialist legal advice and representation is vital especially as recent changes in the law, designed to convict genuine offenders, also put the innocent at greater risk of injustice. We particularly welcome carers, teachers, and health care professionals who have been accused of abuse and are likely to be subject to a criminal investigation. Where allegations have been made we would be happy to advise, whether or not criminal investigations are underway. For further information please contact Chris Saltrese Solicitors 13 Scarisbrick New Road, Southport, PR8 6PU
Tel: 01704 535 512 Fax: 01704 533056 Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Website: www.chrissaltrese.co.uk
"The aim of the vigil, which will take place on the 27th March, is to draw attention to the negative impact false allegations of child abuse have on families and on children in particular. Far too many innocent men are being falsely accused of child abuse. The effect on their wives, partners, children, and on other family members is often devastating. Innocent lives are being destroyed and families torn apart." "We call on politicians in England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland to set up Government Commissions of Inquiry into the methods of investigating, disclosing and prosecuting allegations of child sexual abuse in the criminal, civil and family Courts, in professional and psycho-therapeutic work settings, and in employment hearings" As a group we are concerned about investigative standards and the presumption of guilt in such cases. Our purpose is to raise awareness among the public and politicians of the consequences of false allegations of child sexual abuse - lives destroyed – broken families - earning ability wrecked – wrongful imprisonment. Our theme is the right of the falsely accused to be heard and the urgent need for the wrongly convicted to be freed. Our anger is directed at those police, social workers, prosecutors and therapists who are only too willing to believe the accuser and to call them 'victims', and call the accused 'perpetrators' - before any case has been proved. There is also much anger in biased media reporting.
FACTion / April 2007
Christmas Social 2007
Please note we have had to change the date of our Christmas social which we had hoped would take place on the 1st December. This will now take place one week earlier, on the 24th November. The venue remains the same, St Chad's Birmingham.
Happy Birthday
Martyn - 1st March Mark - 5th March Denis -3rd April Keith - 5th April Michael 16th April
Page 3
We are wives, partners, daughters, sisters, grandmothers, grand daughters, nieces, cousins, friends and colleagues of current and former F.A.C.T. prisoners. We would be extremely grateful to F.A.C.T. members and supporters, male and female, if they could attend the Awakening Day Vigils throughout Britain and Ireland in large numbers to express their concern over the injustices our prisoners have suffered as a result of their wrongful convictions. Wakefield Prison has been chosen as the focus for the Vigil, which highlights the unjust incarceration of our prisoners, whatever prison they are in. However, you can equally express your support for the prisoners, by attending one of the other Protest Vigils listed below. False Allegations Action Scotland (FAAS) False Allegations Support Action (FASO) Falsely Accused Carers and Teachers (FACT) Families Lobbying for Innocent Prisoners (FLIP) Friends of Robin (FORE) Irish Groups Justice for Kevin (JFK) Justice from Psychotherapy (JfP) Kerelaw Prisoners Support People Against False Allegations of Abuse (PAFAA) St Camillus Support Group SAFARI - Supporting All Falsely Accused with Reference Information Victims of Child Abuse Laws Scotland (VOCALS)
Locations and Contact Details UK Parliament in London Trevor: 07985 700662 email@example.com Irish Parliament in Dublin Florence: (00353) 086 8762148 email@example.com Scottish Parliament in Edinburgh Peter: 07951 522040- email@example.com Welsh Assembly in Cardiff Gail 07984 984142 email@example.com Wakefield Prison in Yorkshire Geoff 01937 557209. Olive: email@example.com Please note this is a corrected telephone number Criminal Cases Review Commission in Birmingham Teresa 0121 354 4976 firstname.lastname@example.com Court of Appeal in London Don 0765 496536 - email@example.com North Wales (various locations inc. Daily Post HQ) Roger 07786 786923 email@example.com Royal College of Psychiatrists in London Paddy 020 7460 2503 firstname.lastname@example.com Liverpool City Centre Gail: 07951 1765038 firstname.lastname@example.com
These vigils will take place from 11.30am until 2.30 pm alongside supporters from other campaigning groups, coming together as United Campaigners for Abuse Investigation Reform (U-CAIR)
Page 4
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FACTion / April 2007
Appeal Court Satisfied Allegations Were False
Our attention has been drawn to a small but significant judgement [2006] EWCA Crim 3249 heard at the Court of Appeal on the 14th December 2006. The case was referred to the Court of Appeal by the Criminal Cases Review Commission. Briefly the circumstances are as follows. On 15th March 1990 Mr Barker, who is now 60 years old, was convicted of two offences of rape, two offences of buggery and one offence of indecency and was sentenced to a total of 12 years imprisonment, which he has now served. On the 8th June 1992 he appealed against his convictions but that appeal was dismissed. He subsequently took his case to the Criminal Cases Review Commission who referred the matter back to the Court of Appeal. Mr Barker was accused of sexually assaulting two siblings aged nine and six years respectively during the period May 1984 to December 1988. Some ten years later in 1998 the girl stated she had not been abused by the appellant. Her brother was also interviewed and he also indicated that he had falsely accused Mr Barker. The Appeal Court heard that the two children had been encouraged to give the account they gave by Jeanette Roberts, who ran a child care establishment called the Old Convent to which the children had been taken shortly before the allegations were made. It had also become apparent that Jeanette Roberts encouraged other children, not merely these two children, to make allegations of sexual abuse which would now appear to be unfounded. It was also reported that the medical evidence upon which the prosecution relied at trial to support the allegations of the children, had been shown to be incapable of bearing the evidential weight which was then placed on it. It was reported that, subsequent to the trial and appeal, the girl underwent a gynaecological operation in which it was clear that she was still a virgin; in other words, she could not have been raped. The evidence of buggery, as far as the boy was concerned, was supported by medical evidence which was said to be consistent with the boy's account. But new evidence made it plain that the findings of the doctor who then examined the boy cannot be said to point unequivocally to any anal interference at all. The evidence in that respect was circular. The findings were said to be consistent with the boy's account, but that depended on the boy's account being correct because the
FACTion / April 2007
Orders are being taken for F.A.C.T.'s latest briefing paper Parole Matters. This 16 page booklet unravels the complexities of the parole process and will be of use to to F.A.C.T. members in prison and their families. Copies can be obtained from George Jensen, 443, Abergele Road, Old Colwyn, Conwy LL29 9PR, tel: 01492 517 967. Email: email@example.com. Alternatively please contact F.A.C.T. at P.O. Box 3074, Cardiff, CF3 3WZ or
findings could also be consistent with a number of other conditions or causes. In the light of this fact the prosecution, having considered carefully the views of the Commission, did not seek to uphold the convictions. The Judges quashed the convictions on the basis that "there was, and is, nothing to support the original allegations. Unhappily Mr Barker has had to suffer the humiliation and everything else that goes with it of not only having to face these charges, which on the material we have seen were unfounded, but also a lengthy sentence of imprisonment. Those are years that he cannot have back." The irony of this case is that Jeanette Roberts who is the proprietor of The Old Convent and a former Carer of the Year was herself subject to false allegations of child abuse in 2002. These led to Court proceedings including the longest custody case in the UK before the police dropped all charges against her. To what extent the Appeal Court were aware of this is anybody's guess. You can find out more about The Old Convent at http://uk.geocities.com/old_convent/index.htm
Page 5
In my Opinion by Trevor Jones
Lie Detectors: Friend or Foe to the Falsely Accused?
Earlier this year the Home Secretary, John Reid, took the first step towards introducing compulsory lie detector tests for paedophiles to assess whether they are at risk of re-offending. Such action may have comforted the readers of the Sunday tabloids but it has also provoked debate amongst F.A.C.T. members with many seeing it as an opportunity to press for the use of lie detectors in the cases of those falsely accused, not only to bolster a defence by passing a polygraph test, but by pressing accusers to take the tests as well. A refusal to take part in such tests by an accuser would speak volumes for the veracity of the witness statements whilst the accused, in passing the test, would see it as useful in seeking to place it in front of a jury. On paper, the argument for using polygraph testing to assist those falsely accused certainly has its merits, so should we have reservations? The lie detector or polygraph, despite its name, does not actually detect lies but measures reactions. A subject's heart beat, breathing rate, blood pressure and sweating are all measured whilst he or she is asked a series of questions. The accuracy or validity rates in polygraph testing can be highly variable across situations. They can range from over 90% to as low as 60%, which is not much better than tossing a coin. Daniel Sosnowski, a former US police officer and leading light in the American Polygraph Association, has advised the Home Office in its recent study on the use of polygraph testing on sex offenders and believes they are 90% accurate but a major survey of 421 psychologists in 1997, published in the Journal of Applied Psychology, estimated the average validity rate to be about 61%. The average rate appears to be in the range of 70%-80% suggesting that one person in four telling the truth will be shown up by the test as having lied. To be wrongly accused once by a person is traumatic enough but to be wrongly accused a second time – and by a machine – could be devastating to anyone living the nightmare of being accused of child abuse. So why are lie detectors inaccurate? As a polygraph machine simply measures physiological reactions to questions, it is not only deception that will drive a response but fear, revulsion, anger, disbelief or any other emotion. The machine may well be detecting sheer nervousness and nobody really knows how the nervous system acts when it is lying or telling the truth. Indeed, falsely
Continued on page 7 (after F.A.C.T bulletin)
"....one person in four telling the truth will be shown up by the test as having lied..."
McSparran McCormick is a family firm of solicitors based in Glasgow with a well deserved reputation for its advocacy, and for its friendly, efficient and professional service. We firmly believe that everyone has a right to justice. We specialise in educational law, employment law, civil litigation and criminal law. If you have been falsely or wrongly accused then contact: John McCormick, Solicitor Advocate McSparran McCormick Waterloo Chambers, 19 Waterloo Street Glasgow, G2 6AH Tel: 0141 248 7962 Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Website: www.mcsparranmccormick.co.uk When choosing any Solicitor, always make that decision in the light of the reputation of the Solicitor, his experience and qualifications. Do not make that decision in haste - you may have to spend a long time regretting it !
Page 6 FACTion / April 2007
Vol. 3:7 Bulletin 7 March 2007
Keeping you up to date on campaigning and lobbying news
Pull Out Section
The person at the heart of this government-backed action is Professor Catherine Itzin of the University of Lincoln, who has an office at the Department of Health. Itzin has a background in particular areas of feminist child protection politics. She heads up an organisation called Victims of Violence and Abuse Prevention Programmes (VVAPP). She We have recently been directed to information on the web has authored a 95 page Report for the government called on a government-approved project that is relevant to us. Tackling the Health and Mental Health Effects of Domestic This is the kind of material we have been looking for for a and Sexual Violence and Abuse. considerable time. It shows us the same thing happening in In the Executive Summary of the Report, she refers UK government departments that we already know is approvingly to her own book, published by Routledge, happening in the Scottish Executive, where politicians have Home Truths About Child Sexual Abuse Policy and succumbed to the child protection Practice. The Report is full of activists' blandishments. Indeed, some references to the work of the Operation Release of the evidence points to an overlap in luminaries in the UK child protection the work of the activists in Edinburgh movement. Noticeably, women and London. appear to outnumber men by about twenty to one. It has the official For many years we have known that endorsement of Ministers at the certain people from the child Department of Health and the Home protection movement have had the ear Office – echoing the approval given to of government, in particular the Home Sarah Nelson's Can of Worms by the Office and Department of Health and Scottish Executive. Scottish Health Service, enabling them to get themselves in pole positions Fortunately, in an attempt to redress the imbalance currently favouring regarding government child protection The Right to be Cleared Itzin and her colleagues, an analysis strategy. This has partly been possible and review of her government-sponsored project is being because many Parliamentarians agree with their outlook on prepared by a sympathetic researcher. child protection. They also have supporters in the media and among the powerful opinion formers. Hence, the often The existence of Itzin's work and her approval of those who unquestioning acceptance of the child protection are involved with her, make our call for a Royal Commission proponents' views and statistics on child abuse by more urgent than ever. When the researcher's response to politicians and the press. the project is available that will be the opportune time for us all to write again to our Members of Parliament, the These strident views and questionable statistics have Home Secretary and the Health Secretary asking them to permeated the thinking of much of the political consider our call and alerting them to Itzin's work. establishment across party lines. However, the child
protection activists' arrival close to the corridors of power began with the receptivity of New Labour politics to their enticements; in particular those involved in the commendable goals of improving womens' and childrens' welfare. By coaxing and coaching within this milieu and with friends in high places, the ideologues have advanced to positions of influence.
Finally, we are grateful, firstly to our supporter whose searching skills on the government websites have led us to this information and secondly to the person who is analysing the information. In the meantime, supporters may wish to search the material on the web for themselves by keying in "Professor Catherine Itzin" in their search engine.
Comments from former care home and social workers
The people who figure prominently in Itzin's publication are the dominant voices commenting on child protection matters. However they are, in the main, people with no real practical, frontline experience in helping and protecting children. They have usurped those with such experience to become the face of children's protection. They have taken pole position as the government's advisers and accredited representatives on child welfare. This sizeable collective of self-proclaimed children's advocates are using children as a political tool. The tone of their hand-ringing utterances on the dangers children may face hint at a lack of genuine concern for them. Children are their noble cause. Creating the scare of a supposed epidemic of child sexual abuse is the wellspring of their generous official funding and government support for their questionable agenda. Meanwhile those who give their best in the protection of children on the frontline are sidelined and are often the innocent casualties of the usurpers' witch hunt for child molesters. The encroachers sit posturing on inspection and disciplinary committees everywhere, menacing and threatening those who do the day-to-day hard, and often very trying, work with unfortunate children. Elsewhere, they seek to indoctrinate some social workers with their beliefs - sadly with considerable success. This cabal within child protection needs to be investigated and its power curtailed. Undoubtedly, political comment on child protection and managerial overseeing of practice and performance is necessary but in a situation where the zealots with little or no on-the-job experience are so powerful, only their opinions are heard. This denies parity for the viewpoint of the mainstream social workers who know what the usurpers' political agenda is.
Operation Release - The Right to be Cleared
Primary Objectives
release of innocent prisoners wrongly convicted of child abuse with their convictions quashed quashing of the convictions of innocent, former prisoners wrongly convicted of child abuse clearing the names of innocent people falsely accused of child abuse, whether charged or not clearing the names of innocent people cleared of child abuse by criminal investigation but affected by civil actions or action by child protection agencies or employers removal of the names of innocent people from the sex offenders register and other lists stopping more innocent people being falsely accused of child abuse in the future Theme and Message of OPERATION RELEASE The theme and message, OPERATION RELEASE: The Right Of The Innocent To Be Cleared, is at the centre of our campaigning work. It is to be used by the FACT Committee and our supporters in lobbying and publicity material - letters, publications, leaflets, media statements, posters, banners and conferences. The purpose is to unify F.A.C.T. around a cogent 'idea' and relevant 'slogan' related to our Core Objectives. It is a form of PR to give F.A.C.T. internal cohesion and external credibility. Strategy of OPERATION RELEASE The strategy is to base our lobbying on a Call for A Royal Commission to be set up to enquire into the methods and practices used in child abuse investigations. Regulation and reform of child abuse investigation is our intention. The outcome we seek is the exposure of the flawed practices, the reassessment of the many wrongful convictions we believe have occurred, and the stopping of further wrongful convictions in the future. As part of the process we are asking that people, who represent and reflect our concerns are given parity with child protection campaigners by being invited to advise the child protection agencies on reforming policy and regulating procedures in child abuse investigation and prosecution. The measures we want put in place are aimed at 'gate keeping'; that is sifting out false allegations thus preventing such cases going in front of the juries to decide. We are drawing up terms of reference for the Royal Commission. Consultation with the politicians and the authorities responsible for child protection is the way forward alongside protest action. We cannot just be against something. We must also engage in problem solving by being for something. This is why we ask supporters to write letters to the relevant agencies to elicit meaningful responses from them. Values of OPERATION RELEASE Equality and indivisibility of justice – for those who suffer child abuse and those who are falsely accused of child abuse.
Knowledge and Understanding
Dissociative Identity Disorder: The Stuff Of Nightmares (Part One)
This is the first part of an article from the British False Memory Society's Newsletter (Vol. 14. No. 1. – September 2006) by Katherine Mair, a retired consultant clinical psychologist. We are grateful to BFMS for allowing FACT to publish it. The article examines disturbing diagnoses made by some therapists seeking to identify victims of child sexual abuse. The second part will be included in the next FACTion.
Multiple Personality Disorder It was not until 1980 that Multiple Personality Disorder was recognised as a psychiatric disorder by being included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual used in the United States (American Psychiatric Association 1980). It had previously been thought too freakishly rare for inclusion, but since then there has been a striking rise in the number of reported cases, with more cases being discovered between 1981 and 1986 than during the previous two centuries (Piper and Merskey 2004). A painstaking review of the world literature had earlier come up with only 67 cases (Taylor and Martin 1944) but by 1986, 6000 cases were reported in the United States alone (Piper and Merskey 2004). There have been further increases in the number of reported cases, and these are no longer confined to the United States and Canada. Multiple Personality Disorder has now been recognised as a psychiatric classification in the United Kingdom with a corresponding rise in the number of cases, and also the same substitution of the new label: 'Dissociative Identity Disorder'. It is not just the name and the frequency of diagnosis that have changed. In the past there were many different theories about what caused some people to adopt multiple personalities. These included possession by spirits, the influence of past lives, hidden conflicts and neurological disorders. A fascination with the phenomenon itself often overrode speculation about how it came about, but in most descriptions of multiple personalities before 1980 there was an assumption that they emerged in adulthood as a response to some current situation (Sutcliff and Jones 1962; Goff and Sims 1993; Mair 1999). There was also widespread suspicion that the emergence of multiple personalities might be encouraged in susceptible people when an interest was shown in this phenomenon. Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) is now claimed to have a completely different significance. If we turn to the internet, where Google provides us with 867,000 references to it, we learn that 'DID …. and other dissociative disorders are now understood to be fairly common effects of severe trauma in early childhood, most typically extreme repeated physical, sexual and/or emotional abuse' (Sidran Institute), or that 'consensus
Dissociative Identity Disorder Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) has been described as a serious mental health problem effecting about 1% of the population (Ross, 1991). People with this disorder appear to assume different identities, switching between them in an apparently involuntary way. This used to be known as 'Multiple Personality Disorder' (MPD) and had until the 1980s been regarded as extremely rare. Its diagnosis is still very patchy, because most patients show no signs of the disorder when they first present for treatment (Kluft 1991). They are usually diagnosed only after a considerable period of counselling or psychotherapy: it is then that the nightmare begins. This is because therapists who diagnose DID believe that it is an indication that their patient has suffered prolonged and severe abuse starting in early childhood. They expect their patients to have no recollection of this abuse at the start of therapy, because they have learnt to dissociate and assume different personalities from early childhood to protect themselves from acknowledging what was happening to them. It is only the alternative personalities who remember the abuse, so the therapist will try to contact them and make the patient aware of their grim message. Those diagnosed with DID must expect to face many years of extremely disturbing treatment. Surveys have reported that it lasts on average around three years (Putnam and Loewenstein 1993, Mair 1998). They must also expect to have current perceptions of themselves and their families shattered by revelations of horrific and often incestuous abuse. This is a treatment that can blow families apart. Moreover, no benefits to patients have been demonstrated by outcome studies (Mair 1998;Piper and Merskey 2004).
exists that the most common cause of the disorder is early, ongoing, extreme physical and/or sexual abuse' (eMedicine from WEBMD). Origins of the new beliefs How did such a consensus come about? It was certainly not by observing this process in children, since even those who most energetically promote the view that dissociation begins in early childhood admit that DID is extremely rare in children (Putnam 1993). It is not observed in children who have been rescued from severe abuse, even though health professionals will in these cases be watchful for any adverse consequences of abuse. The only evidence for any link between DID in adults and severe abuse in childhood comes from the accounts of DID sufferers while in therapy. While they undergo their prolonged psychotherapy, their alternative personalities (usually referred to as alters) will transmit the information about abuse, information of which the 'host' personality was previously unaware. Belief that dissociation can enable someone to forget about severe suffering, often for several decades, is central to the concept of DID. So we have a situation in which someone who is thought to have DID is encouraged to dissociate during therapy. While she (most patients are women) is in a dissociated state, adopting a completely different personality, she 'remembers' the severe childhood abuse that her therapist already suspected must account for her DID. Attempts at corroboration Testimony that is given in an abnormal state of consciousness, and in the presence of someone who might exert influence, clearly needs independent corroboration. If we look again to the internet, it seems to exist. We learn that 98-99% of people with DID have 'documented histories of repetitive, overwhelming and often life threatening trauma' (Sidran Institute). However we are not told where we can check this impressive claim. An on-line encyclopaedia is rather more cautious, but tells us North American studies show that 97-98% of adults with DID report abuse during childhood, and that abuse can be documented for 85% of adults and for 95% of children with DID or other closely related forms of dissociation. Once again there are no references and the last claim is especially suspect, given the extreme rarity of childhood DID. However the authors conclude: 'these data establish childhood abuse as a major cause among N. American patients' (Wikipedia). There have been many investigations looking for independent corroboration of the patients' reports, and they give a very different picture. The samples are often small and the details inadequate. For example: 'collateral evidence' was claimed for abuse in a series of nine patients, but this was mostly confined to questioning relatives, and no details
were given by which to judge this evidence (Bliss 1984). A more recent investigation claimed that it 'establishes once and for all, the linkage between early sexual abuse and dissociative identity disorder'. The authors did collect some independent data on childhood abuse, but they generalised from a sample of 12 men who were said to show 'long standing dissociative signs' while they were in prison, appealing against their convictions for murder (Lewis et al. 1997). Is the testimony of convicted murderers on appeal always reliable, and is it really safe to generalise from evidence collected in such extreme circumstances? There does not seem to be any agreement on what constitutes 'corroboration'. In another study patients were asked 'have you had anyone confirm these events?' They were also asked about physical evidence, such as medical records or scars, but there is no mention that these were ever examined. The authors were satisfied that the memories of most of their patients were 'strongly corroborated' (Chu et al. 1999). An earlier study claimed to have 'documented' the abuse histories in 102 cases of multiple personality disorder when this was based entirely on their patients' uncorroborated reports (Ross et al. 1991). A recent review of all published attempts to corroborate patients' reports concluded 'No evidence supports the claim that DID patients as a group have actually experienced the traumas asserted by the disorder's proponents' (Merskey and Piper, 2004).
Crime -Team
We specialise in all aspects of Criminal Defence work including Magistrates Courts, Crown Court Advocacy, High Court, including the Court of Appeal, and referrals to the Criminal Cases Review Commission. We also advise UK wide on prison law including:Prison Adjudications Sentence Planning Re-Categorisation Tariff Representation Lifer Panels Human Rights Issues
We are the managing firm of the Historical Abuse Appeal Panel (HAAP) and have an unrivalled reputation for dealing with abuse allegations in an historical context, especially those where alleged multiple or serious sexual offences took place.
Crime-Team is a division of Jordan's LLP. 4 Priory Place, Doncaster, DN1 1BP 01302 365 374 www.crime-team.co.uk
Campaign on Behalf of Carers and Teachers Falsely Accused or Wrongly Convicted of Child Abuse
From page 6
accused teachers and carers may be more inclined to fail these tests as they are more sensitive than the general population, and given the sexual nature of the accusation a certain amount of revulsion may be generated within caring, responsible people thus creating the physiological response that can be interpreted as 'lying.' Neither the scientific nor legal community has sat back and allowed polygraph testing to escape scrutiny. The late Professor David Lykken who was regarded by many as the world's leading expert on the polygraph finally debunked it, "as much of a myth as the tooth fairy" in his book "Tremor in the Blood: Uses and Abuses of the Lie Detector", whilst the US Supreme Court in 1998 observed that "there is simply no consensus that polygraph evidence is reliable." However, by far the most significant scientific finding on the polygraph did not appear until 2003 when the US National Academy of Sciences completed a major review of its validity and concluded that "the theoretical rationale for the polygraph is quite weak, especially in terms of differential fear, arousal and other emotional states that are triggered in response to relevant or comparison questions." The venerable scientific body went on to state that "there is essentially no evidence on the incremental validity of polygraph testing, that is, its ability to add predictive value to that which can be achieved by other methods." The most comprehensive study yet on the subject therefore found that polygraphs are inaccurate, scientifically unsubstantiated, easily foiled, of no proven value and can snare the innocent while missing the guilty. Those backing the Home Office initiative into the use of lie detectors admit that there are concerns over their accuracy and it is important to realise that the plan is to use polygraph testing as a tool to control sex offenders and not as an investigative tool. The rationale behind the programme is that it has been shown to be an effective way to monitor paedophiles and can therefore encourage offenders to disclose information which will be useful to protect children. Polygraph testing has run its course in the USA and has been found wanting, resulting in some government departments ending compulsory testing for employees and many states and federal courts banning polygraph testing outright. Perhaps then it is not surprising that it is being slowly introduced into Blair's Britain having passed
FACTion / April 2007
its first test – daytime British TV talk shows. For those wrongly accused of abuse it will only offer false hope as in its present form there will be no possibility that it will be accepted as evidence in a British court and for those 25%-30% who will be false positives in being told they were lying when they were telling the truth it will be devastating to them and their families. Polygraph testing was developed in the 1930s from an idea by William Marston, the creator of the comic book figure, Wonder Woman. There are many who believe that is where the lie detector should return to – the world of fantasy. Editorial note: We are grateful to Trevor for raising this subject. The F.A.C.T. national committee recently discussed what its stance should be on the use of lie detectors. We are aware for example that some F.A.C.T. members have commissioned lie detectors tests for use as part of their defence in criminal proceedings but were prevented from placing the results before a jury for legal reasons. We are also mindful of the fact that many of those accused of abuse young people in child care institutions in Nova Scotia, Canada (see FACTion Vols 3 /3 & 3/4) used polygraph testing to their advantage, but found it to be a very distressing and intrusive experience. We recognise however that it is unlikely that the Government will introduce polygraph testing in the criminal Courts. Arguably there is a case for using them in the civil courts in, for example, deciding the merits of compensation claims - but this is also very unlikely. The intention it seems is to introduce polygraph testing for 'risk assessment' purposes only and to put these machines in the hands of probation staff. From a public relations point of view our inclination is to argue for equality. If the accused are to be subject to polygraph testing - even for risk assessment purposes - so too should the accusers. We would like YOUR views on this subject, especially if you have been convicted and are, or have been in prison. Please let us have your views in writing and we will
try and publish them in our next edition. Names and addresses will be withheld if requested.
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mummy, When Will d
Diane Nolan, Stevenston; Frank Harrison, Merseyside; Joan Harrison, Merseyside; Ian T, Cambridge; John Swale, Gloucestershire; Dieter Fisch; J & H Porteous, Inverclyde; Julian Britton, Winchelsea Beach; Veronica, Scotland; Jake Clasen, England; Lynne, Clitheroe; Sue Wiseman, Liverpool; Freddie O'Neil, London; Mark Merrett, South Wales; A Richardson,Wolverhampton; Neil Hodkin, Manchester; Mr Craig Board, Devon; Mrs Kerry Board, Devon, Mrs Celia Board, Devon; David Reid, Lee-on-the-Solent; Mary Higgins, Liverpool; Sheila Crosby, Formby, Merseyside; David Crosby, Manchester; Andrew Crosby, Mold, Wales; Priyal Crosby, Mold, Wales; Matthew Crosby, Crosby; Debbie Crosby, Middlesborough; Paul Crosby, Liverpool; Mark Crosby, Newcastle; Emma Crosby, Formby; Gillian Partington, Barnsley; Michelle Bolton, Oxford; Andrew Swarbrick, Ashford, Kent; Helen Cousins, Buckinghamshire; Shaun O'Connell, London; Norman Owen, Herefordshire, G Hall, Northumberland; Russell Dash, London, Mike Simpson East Molesey, Surrey; Margaret Shirley, Isle of Wight; Sabina Sinclair, Sydney, Australia, Mike Donnan; Adian Paul Miles, Wolverhampton; Olive Mattison, Tadcaster; Jeremy Dunning-Davies, Kirk Ella; Lawrence Gorlas, England, Setanta Setantaone, Ireland; Jacquie Coles, Bucks; Michelle Elliott, J Hunani, Taiwan; Freda Douthwaite, North Wales, Bob Douthwaite, North Wales; Ann Schofield, West Yorkshire; Sue Griffiths, Wrexham, Roger Griffiths, Wrexham; Gail Hewitt, Northern Ireland; Will Berryman, London; Janet Horrocks, Warrington; Debbie Stewart, England; Mrs Una Parker; Heynsham, Mr Graham Parker, Heysham; Margaret Pipe, South Wales, Edward Hernon, Ireland; George Ogembo, Luton; Melanie McNie, Kent; B Strettle, Merseyside, David Smithson, Merseyside; Matthew Strettle, Merseyside; John Horrocks, Merseyside; J G R Sweet; Merseyside; Donna Rees, Tamworth; Neil Reeves, Tamworth, Staffordshire; Deborah Gill, Doncaster; Nick Matthews, Doncaster; Denise Foster, Doncaster; Margaret Gill, Doncaster; Norman Gill, Doncaster; Nicola Gill, Doncaster; Laura Gill, Doncaster; Janet Reed, Doncaster; Paul Reed, Doncaster; K A Murray, Berkshire; W Nicoll, Berkshire, M Brey, Cambridgeshire; J Allen, Cambridgeshire; E Malloran, Cheshire; J Hall, Cheshire; E Watson, Cheshire; J and D Walters, Cheshire; C Derbyshire, J Wilmot, Cheshire; A Wilmot, Cheshire, B Hibbert, Cheshire, W and S Horrocks, Cheshire, A Knowles, Cheshire; P M Gibson, Cheshire, J Kelly, Cheshire; E Hilditch, Cheshire; S Hilditch, Cheshire, J A Ravenscroft, Cheshire; L Rooke, Cheshire; J Gill, Cheshire; S Gill, Cheshire; D S Anderson, Cheshire; M Schofield, Cheshire; T V Thompson, Cheshire; E Jarvis, Cheshire; W Rowlands, V Rowlands, Cheshire, L Harrison, Cheshire; F and P Wood, Cheshire; B Dolan, Cheshire; C Culbert, Cheshire; M P Culbert, Cheshire; L Smith, Cheshire; R Fox, Cheshire; D Gore, Cheshire; M Cotton, Cheshire; S and M Hennessey, Cheshire; M Hargreaves, Cheshire; C Waite, Cheshire; M Massey, Cheshire; B Maddock, Cheshire; J Dolan, Cheshire; R Sumner, Cheshire; Angela L, Cornwall; Maria B, Caerphilly; Rebecca Dee, Midlands; Eileen Dee, Midlands; Yvonne G, Scotland; Lisa M, Yorkshire; Mida M, Scotland; Carole H, Merseyside; June S, Merseyside; Jacquie Dee, Lincolnshire; Anne M, Midlands; Pat P, Midlands; Julia M, North Yorkshire; Grace B, Wales; Teresa N, Midlands; Bernadette J, Kent; Bryony D, Midlands; Barbara W, Norfolk; Pat B, Kent; Alison M, Merseyside; Margaret G, Wales; Alison Salisbury, Cornwall; W Salisbury, Cornwall; Lucy Salisbury, Cornwall; A Reeves, Cornwall; Angela Lee, Cornwall; Claire Reeves, Cornwall; N Duffin, Gtr Manchester; S Berry, Gtr Manchester; S Crompton, Gtr Manchester; J Davenport, Gtr Manchester; E Roberts, Gtr Manchester; J Sansom, Gtr Manchester; W Burke, Gtr Manchester; F Wynne, Gtr Manchester; S Naylor, Gtr Manchester; T Cunliffe, Gtr Manchester; P Williams, Gtr Manchester; M Turner, Gtr Manchester; C Taylor, Gtr Manchester; W and N Finn, Gtr Manchester; D Worgan, Gtr Manchester; D and L McGrory, Gtr Manchester; Maria G Robb, Gtr Manchester; M Culbert, Gtr Manchester; P Culbert, Gtr Manchester; M and C Maddocks, Gtr Manchester; H Charles, Gtr Manchester; Mrs Maddon, Gtr Manchester; R Maddon, M Maddon, Gtr Manchester; Ivy Waller, Gtr Manchester; Sam Devon; Dawn, Devon; P Kavanagh, Gtr Manchester; K Gilsenan, Gtr Manchester; E Dolan, Gtr Manchester; D Dolan, Gtr Manchester; J Rigby, Gtr Manchester; D Hogg, Gtr Manchester; F and K McGrory, Gtr Manchester; C McGrory, Gtr Manchester; B Clowes, Gtr Manchester; Joyce Powell, P Clarke, Gtr Manchester; R Bland, Gtr Manchester; C Fairclough, Gtr Manchester; M Dewar, Gtr Manchester; J Bouda, Gtr Manchester; D Cramer, Gtr Manchester; I Jukes, Gtr Manchester; C Thomas, Gtr Manchester; M McKenna, Gtr Manchester; C Howe, Gtr Manchester; J Callaghan, Gtr Manchester; Alison Salisbury, Cornwall; Excalibur, Cornwall; Lucy Salisbury, Cornwall; A Reeves, Cornwall; Angela Lee, Cornwall; , Devon; Helga Speck, London, Jo Brennan, London; Mike Leach, London; Carole Massey, Essex; Angela L, Cornwall; Maria B, Caerphilly; Rebecca D, Midlands; Sue W, Merseyside; Eileen D, Midlands; Yvonne G, Scotland; Lisa M, Yorkshire; Mida M, Scotland; Carole H, Merseyside; June S, Merseyside; Jacquie D, Lincolnshire; Anne M, Midlands; Pat P, Midlands; Julia M, North Yorkshire; Teresa N, Midlands; Bernadette J, Kent; Bryony D, Midlands; Barbara W Norfolk, Pat B, Kent; Alison M, Merseyside; Margaret G Wales; C Tulloch, Dorset, Blameworthy, Durham, Vi Williamson, Durham; S Brighty, Leics; K Chantrelle, Leics; J S Harris, Leics; R Sicht, Leics; I Jabbar, Leics, A B Panjawi; Leics, S Casania, Leics; Z Alarakhia, Leics; Suleman Sidat, Leics; W M Hall, Durham; Kate Adamson, Durham; Chris Lees, Durham; I Wenden, Durham; Jean Cochrane, Durham; Brian Weatherburn, Durham; Ann Weatherburn, Durham; Debbie Ferguson, Durham; M Edwards, Durham; S Williams, Durham; E J Kelly, Durham; P Harrington, Durham; S Wilkinson, Durham, Valerie Schmidt, Norfolk; A Wright, Norfolk; E J Bushell, Norfolk; Laura Bushell, Norfolk; Richard Baker, Norfolk, Maggie Creggin, Norfolk; L M Doggett, Norfolk; M Doggett, Norfolk; G Davies, Norfolk; Hywel Price, Norfolk, Diane Jackson, Norfolk, J E Woodward, Norfolk, S Newell, Norfolk, D Winstone, Norfolk, E M Vaughan, Norfolk; Julie Goldsmith, Lincolnshire; Deborah Gill, Doncaster; Nick Matthews, Doncaster; Denise Foster, Doncaster; Margaret Gill, Doncaster; Norman Gill, Doncaster; Nicola Gill, Doncaster; Laura Gill, Doncaster; Janet Reed, Doncaster; Paul Reed, Doncaster; Donna & Neil Reeves, Tamworth, Staffordshire; Ian Spoke, Merseyside; Matthew Merseyside; Janet Horrocks, Merseyside; John Horrocks; Merseyside; Margaret Pipe, South Wales; Ian T, Cambridge; Andrew Gower, Abingdon, Oxon; Julia Gower, Abingdon; J & H Porteous, Inverclyde; Julian Britton, Winchelsea Beach; Veronica Hannan, England; Jake Clausen, York; Lynne, Clitheroe; A Richardson, Wolvehampton; Mary Higgins, Liverpool; Michelle Bolton, Oxford; Elizabeth Shotton, Albourne; Mike Simpson, East Molesey; Margaret Shirley, Isle of Wight; Mrs Una & Mr Graham Parker, Heysham; , M and J Hannan, Merseyside; P Middleton, Merseyside; P Joynson, Merseyside; C Lewin, Merseyside; A Bell, Merseyside; S Kennedy, Merseyside; M Williams, Merseyside; J McMillan, Merseyside; M Jones, Merseyside; V McMahon, Merseyside; M Hall, Merseyside; C Hall, Merseyside; A Watkins, Merseyside; M Seddon, Merseyside; R and P Maddock, Merseyside; M and D Walker, Merseyside; D and S Wyke, Merseyside; B Ridley, Merseyside; B Palmer, Merseyside; S Connolly, Merseyside; K and P Ryan, Merseyside; C Bond, Merseyside; W Kirkham, Merseyside; K and B Jackson, Merseyside; S Rowlands, Merseyside; T Mooney, Merseyside; J Kane, Merseyside; A and C Murphy, Merseyside; D McNamara, Merseyside; M A Duncan, Merseyside; Joan Fairclough, Merseyside; G A Coghlan, Merseyside; J Grant, Merseyside; James Fleming, Merseyside; P Heap, Merseyside; J Taylor, Merseyside; S Higgins, Merseyside; M P Thompson, Merseyside; C Thompson, Merseyside; S Breen, Merseyside; G Robinson, Merseyside; M and W Turpin, Merseyside; B M Jackson, Merseyside; L Gregory, Merseyside; S Routledge, Merseyside; C Roach, Merseyside; P M Starkey, Julie Goldsmith, Lincolnshire; Claire Mustde, Cheltenham; Debbie Harris, Hull; Robert Starr, Cardiff; Margaret Gardener, South Wales; Pat Whitling, Birmingham; Brenda, Wrexham; Pauline, Wrexham; Pat, Wrexham; Margaret, Runcorn; Karen, Runcorn; Susan, Mold, Nicola, Manchester, Elizabeth Gray, Barnsley, June Price, Barnsley; Patricia Hammond, Burlington; Hollie Gamble, Barnsley; Trudy Bennet, West Drayton, Mary hale, Barnsley; Karen Toon, Barnsley; Par Carrier, Barnsley; Joyse Coley; Barnsley; Marie Bennett, Barnsley, Lorraine Hickie, Barnsley; Mrs Lynne Wake, Barnsley; Christine Barker, Dronfield; Barbara Kenward, Barnsley; Elaine Swallow Barnsley; Heather Thorpe, Barnsley; Kathryn Young, Barnsley; Eileen Bennett, Barnsley; Gillian Beckett, Barnsley; Mary Finch, Merseyside; A Stokes, Merseyside; M Studdart, Merseyside; G Slater, Merseyside; G Anderson, Merseyside; J Greenwood, Merseyside; D M Stroud, Merseyside; P and A Dunne, Merseyside; P McNamara, Merseyside; S and C Henderson, Merseyside; C Thompson, Merseyside; E Evans, Merseyside; P and K Brooks, Merseyside; P and G Coghlan, Merseyside; P and A Bailey, Merseyside; I Shaw, Merseyside; M Irwin, Merseyside; M Parr, Merseyside; A and J Collins, Merseyside; V Durkin, Merseyside; V M Myers, Merseyside; J Howell, Merseyside; M Lea, Merseyside; D Parry, Merseyside; M Layland, Merseyside; Sandra Robinson, Merseyside; I P Harrison, Merseyside; Chris Donegan, Merseyside; J Kelly, Merseyside; C Rimmer, Merseyside; G Cowen, Merseyside; J Kehoe, Merseyside; V Webster, Merseyside; L Scotland, Merseyside; A Higham, Merseyside; S Reynolds, Merseyside; Y Barton, Merseyside; M Bromley, Merseyside; M Harris, Merseyside; J and P Walke, Merseyside; r B and I Pumford, Merseyside; M A Proctor, Merseyside; L Proctor, Merseyside; M and G Hartley, Merseyside; E G Travis, Merseyside; V Sherwood, Merseyside; D Owen, Merseyside; I
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FACTion / April 2007
daddy Come Home?
Greenway, Merseyside; E Hughes, Merseyside; A Johnson, Merseyside; M Jones, Merseyside; A Foster, Merseyside; R Mounsey, Merseyside; N Warburton, Merseyside; Sheila Peak, Merseyside; Anne Edmond, Merseyside; B Gannon, Merseyside; F Pennington,Merseyside; L Pennington, Merseyside; S Wilton, Merseyside; E Barr, Merseyside; K Kilshaw, Merseyside; F Brown, Merseyside; M Smith, Merseyside; S Gascoigne, Merseyside; F Wilson, Merseyside; M L Wilson, Merseyside; I Drew, Merseyside; P Platt, Merseyside; J Beesley, Joan Johnson, Merseyside; D Clarke, Merseyside; J Hand, Merseyside; S Allsop, Merseyside; V Bennett, Merseyside; G Ault, Merseyside; G Robinson, Merseyside; J Watkin, Merseyside; D V Ault, Merseyside; J Evans, Merseyside; N B Alker, Merseyside; C Roe, Merseyside; M and J Driscoll, Merseyside; M E Wilkinson, Merseyside; J Tillyer, Merseyside; J Maxwell, Merseyside; J Davidson, Merseyside; M B Nicholls, Merseyside; E Lawrenson, Merseyside; H Ashall, Merseyside; G Durkin, Merseyside; V J Morecroft, Merseyside; M A Billinge M Ball , Merseyside; P McDowell, Merseyside; A Johnson, Merseyside; Lucy Cuss, Merseyside; P Patel, Merseyside; D Kearney, Merseyside; E Price, Merseyside; F Robinson, Merseyside; W Greenall, Merseyside; K Sorbutts, Merseyside; Jean Evans, Merseyside; A Esmat, Merseyside; S Murray, H E Fearns, Merseyside; G Stack, Merseyside; D and E Houghton, Merseyside; E & A Schofield, Merseyside; J Sutton, Merseyside; S Jolley, Merseyside; G Stack, Merseyside; J G R Sweet, Merseyside; M and J Booth, Cumbria; L Booth, Cumbria; D Capeling, Cumbria; A Bennett, Cumbria; A Munro-Bennett, Cumbria; M Munro, Cumbria; E J Munro, Cumbria; Pete Bull, Dorset; Karen Dodds, Dorset; Alison Wassell, Dorset; Phyllis Pritchard Dorset; J Williams Dorset; S Pritchard, Dorset; A Burridge Dorset; B M Burridge Dorset; Pam Wyatt Dorset; J L William Dorset; Mary Witcher Dorset; Roy Stevens Dorset; L S Pile Dorset; Patrick Steele-Perkins Dorset; Arthur J Westmacott Dorset; Jean Westmacott Dorset; Evelyn Sinkins Dorset; T J Sinkins Dorset; C A Walsh Essex; J Collings Essex; B Collings Essex; M P Hawkes Essex; C A Caesar Essex; Dianne Osborne Essex; M J Davidson Essex; S M Greenwood Essex; M Scully Essex; J M Whittle Essex; A J Collings Essex; H M Crossley, Gloucs; Mr and Mrs Roberts, Hants; S Carne Norfolk; G Thompson Norfolk; D Arderne Norfolk; Pamela J Mitchell Norfolk; L Roberts Norfolk; J Booth, Norfolk; S Thomson, Norfolk; C Lord, Norfolk; E Speakman Norfolk; C M Riches Norfolk; J Spencer Norfolk; T Coombs, Norfolk; Margaret Warren Norfolk; J Durell Norfolk; J Alders Norfolk; S Williams Norfolk; R Wood Norfolk; P M Cordell Norfolk; Sylvia Forshaw Norfolk; Paul Le Ferne Norfolk; Pauline Le Ferne Norfolk; J Room Norfolk; M Kemp, Norfolk; H Edwards, Norfolk; D Leach, Norfolk; Margaret Carey, Norfolk; B Slade, Norfolk; D J Waters, Norfolk; J Stone Norfolk; J A Norman Norfolk; P A Tucker Norfolk; Mrs P M Parker Norfolk; M J Parker Norfolk; Mrs Potter, Norfolk; M Williams, Norfolk; H M Alden, Norfolk; C Barron, Norfolk; Janet Heron, Norfolk; Ryane Crowe Norfolk; L Crowe, Norfolk; P J A Bower, Norfolk; M B Edge, Norfolk; Kay Davies, Norfolk; G M Martin John, W Phoenix, Norfolk; C Hoggett, Norfolk; B C Arden, Norfolk; D Brooks, Norfolk; B Ross Norfolk; Vida Clayton, West Midlands; J N Spink West Midlands; Lorna Spink, West Midlands; J R Whitehead, West Midlands; Ceilia J Whitehead West Midlands; Ossie O'Malley, West Midlands; P Reynolds, West Midlands; M A Reynolds, West Midlands; Lesley Greasley, Wilts; L D Greasley, Wilts; C Greasley, Wilts; A O'Connell, Worcs; S L Randle, Worcs; Elin Argyle, Worcs, Ian Argyle, Worcs, V I Ellis, Worcs; Andrea Archer, Worcs, J Mally, Worcs; G Crossley Yorkshire; B Clark Yorkshire; H M Taylor, Yorkshire; J Heap, Yorkshire; D Crossley, Yorkshire; M C Gray, Yorkshire; James Gray Yorkshire, H Green, Yorkshire; D J Green Yorkshire; C A Lawrence Yorkshire; J Tracey Yorkshire; B Lawrence, Yorkshire; C L Fletcher Yorkshire; P D Fletcher, Yorkshire; R J Heckingbottom, Yorkshire; Sr Barbara Smith, Lanark; Lelia O'Breen, London; Noreen Gillingwater, London; Louisa O Mahony, London; Sr J Byrne, London; Theresa Lawless, London; J O'Mahony, London; Hannah J O'Driscoll, London; Anne McGuinness, London; Hannah Murnane, London; M Colgan, London; J Evans, London; Liz Dagnall, London; M Coates, London; H J McCabe, London; E McCann, London; Josephine M Moyo, London; J and C Herron, London; Jean Monarty, London; Anne Costello, London; Eileen O'Brien, London; Mary Powell, London; Hannah Sweeney, London; Maria Teresa Dominguez, London; Sheila Hurley, London; Ann Richardson, London; G Trevor Jones, London; Derek Bedford, London; G Taylor, London; G Reid, London; C F Lutt, London; Trevor Jones, London; M Culliney, Lancs; D Freeman, Lancs; A Gregson, Lancs; Veronica Ward, Lancs; J Frodsham, Lancs; D Freeman, Lancs; H C Dickson, Lancs; S M Wood, Lancs; K Johnson, Lancs; M Nicholson, Lancs; S J Davison, Lancs; Mrs S Davison, Lancs; J Dickson, Lancs; M C Poole, Lancs; S Walsworth, Lancs; A Walsworth, Lancs; I Colman, Lancs; G Simpson, Lancs; D Turner, Lancs; D E Critchley, Lancs; L H Sutcliffe, Lancs; Pauline Sutcliffe, Lancs; Mark Sutcliffe, Lancs; Catherine Merrett, Middx; Richard Merrett, Middx; Ann Fernandez, Middx; Alexandra Furtado, Middx; Bernard F Furtado, Middx; Jenny Mascarenitas, Middx; Kathy Kenny, Middx; Patricia Lee, Middx; E Wilson, Middx;J Wilson, Middx; M Goddard, Suffolk; M J Wool, Suffolk; Sue Knights, Suffolk; R A Knights, Suffolk; S J Goddard, Suffolk; D M Ellis, Suffolk; R A Ellis, Suffolk; D A Alden, Suffolk; M E Alden, Suffolk; Neil Wade, Suffolk; I Kersey, Suffolk; J Goudy, Suffolk; M Martin, Suffolk; E Knights, Suffolk; D Olding, Suffolk; R Olding, Suffolk; D Dickings, Suffolk; C Dickings, Suffolk; Diane Pickings, Suffolk; N Wade, Suffolk; C Goddard, Suffolk; K G Goddard, Suffolk; B A Goddard, Suffolk; M E Nightingale, Suffolk; A Golding, Suffolk; R P Everett, Suffolk; Julia A Dent, Suffolk; N Williams, Suffolk; Gale Watson, Suffolk; C Harbottle, Suffolk; Eileen Harbottle, Suffolk; Madeleine Rhodes, Suffolk; P Mayes, Suffolk; Robert Frost, Suffolk; M, Scotland; Lindsey, Scotland; J, Scotland; McLaughlin, Scotland; T, Scotland; Dillon, Scotland; Robert O'Neil, Scotland; Brian Eddington, Scotland; M, Scotland; Davies, Scotland; C, Scotland; Ferry, Scotland; Anne McDonagh, Scotland; C, Scotland; Prentice, Scotland; A, Scotland; Dillon, Scotland; Jackie McCue, Scotland; Theresa O'Neill, Scotland; J, Scotland; Stevens, Scotland; Jennifer O'Connor, Scotland; Anne Thomson, Scotland; Jessie Black, Scotland; Margaret O'Brien, Scotland; Catherine McMillan, Scotland; M, Scotland; Callaghan, Scotland; Ann Pirie, Scotland; M, Scotland; Irvine, Scotland; Alice Tarrel, Scotland; Maureen Dunn, Scotland; Margaret Logan, Scotland; E, Scotland; Rouse, Scotland; Cathie Higgins, Scotland; K, Scotland; Culvey, Scotland; Gerard O'Neil M, Scotland; Arnott, Scotland; Mary Falconer, Scotland; Mary Mckintosh, Laing, Scotland; M, Scotland; B, Scotland; Reilly, Scotland; Gina Martorelli, Scotland; J, Scotland; I Love, Scotland; Norma Waller, Scotland; Deborah Gill, Doncaster; Nick Matthews, Doncaster; Denise Foster, Doncaster; Margaret Gill, Doncaster; Norman Gill, Doncaster; Nicola Gill, Doncaster; Laura Gill, Doncaster; Janet Reed, Doncaster; Paul Reed, Doncaster; D & N Reed, Tamworth; C A Brooks, IOW; M Brooks; IOW, D Quick; IOW; Mrs E Morrison, IOW; R Batchelor, Norfolk; S Sutton, Norfolk; R Morris, Norfolk; I Beckett, Norfolk; M J Wareham,Norfolk; P and J Shaw, Norfolk; D Clements, Norfolk; Jane Drury, Norfolk; M Jarvis, Norfolk; M Poore, Norfolk; C Press, Norfolk; Margery Barker, Norfolk;C and A Hill, Norfolk; A and E Stables, Norfolk; P Cordell,Norfolk; B Waters, M Coulson, D Coulson, Norfolk; Jenny Eason, Norfolk; J Neil, Norfolk; V Stamp, Norfolk; G Oastler, A Buttle, Norfolk; W Ross, Norfolk; R Johnson, Norfolk; R Chapman, Norfolk; P Wright, Norfolk;P Lewis, Norfolk;Vivienne Bolton, Norfolk; E Winter, Norfolk; M Preston, Norfolk; V Hurst, Norfolk; Kath Whiting,Norfolk;M Whiting, Norfolk; Eric Forshaw, J M Norman,Norfolk; Sharon Wilson, Norfolk; Lee Hulley, Norfolk; N Smith, Norfolk; P M Clarke, Norfolk; N Moor, Norfolk; E Last, Norfolk; V M Plunkett, Norfolk; N Buttle, Norfolk; Val Crave, Norfolk; S Mosedale, Norfolk; G Martin, Norfolk; L Cornwall, Norfolk; M Goddard, Suffolk; M J Wool, Suffolk; Sue Knights, Suffolk; R A Knights, Suffolk; S J Goddard, Suffolk; D M Ellis, Suffolk; R A Ellis, Suffolk; D A Alden, Suffolk; M E Alden, Suffolk; Neil Wade, Suffolk; I Kersey, Suffolk; J Goudy, Suffolk; M Martin, Suffolk; E Knights, Suffolk; D Olding, Suffolk; R Olding, Suffolk; D Dickings, Suffolk; C Dickings, Suffolk; Diane Pickings, Suffolk; N Wade, Suffolk; C Goddard, Suffolk; K G Goddard, Suffolk; B A Goddard, Suffolk; M E Nightingale, Suffolk; A Golding, Suffolk; R P Everett, Suffolk; Julia A Dent, Suffolk; N Williams, Suffolk; Gale Watson, Suffolk; C Harbottle, Suffolk; Eileen Harbottle, Suffolk; Madeleine Rhodes, Suffolk; P Mayes, Suffolk; Robert Frost, Suffolk; J E Aston, Sussex; Andrew Kearsley, Sussex; M Lindsey, Scotland; J McLaughlin, Scotland; T Dillon, Scotland; Robert O'Neil, Scotland; Brian Eddington, Scotland; M Davies, Scotland; C Ferry, Scotland; Anne McDonagh, Scotland; C Prentice, Scotland; A Dillon, Scotland; Jackie McCue, Scotland; Theresa O'Neill, Scotland; J Stevens, Scotland; Jennifer O'Connor, Scotland; Anne Thomson, Scotland; Jessie Black, Scotland; Margaret O'Brien, Scotland; Catherine McMillan, Scotland; M Callaghan, Scotland; Ann Pirie, Scotland; M Irvine, Scotland; Alice Tarrel, Scotland; Maureen Dunn, Scotland; Margaret Logan, Scotland; E Rouse, Scotland; Cathie Higgins,
The organisers would like to thank all those who responded to the call by F.A.C.T. women members for the impact of false allegations on children and families to be given more recognition. Well over 1,100 people have asked to be identified with this call - more than we have been able to list. We are grateful to all of you. Yours is a powerful message and can only strengthen our campaign.
FACTion / April 2007
Page 9
On the F.A.C.T. website ....
The most recent additions to the F.A.C.T. web site begin with an account of a former resident seeking £175,000 compensation for alleged mistreatment and torture whilst resident in a children's home in Scotland in the 1960's. In what was described as the first award in Scotland of its kind the Judge awarded the man, now 54 years old, £75,000. This story is followed by news of a recent USA report, "A Culture of False Allegations" which states that over 1 million reports of false allegations are filed every year in America. The F.A.C.T. website draws attention to an ongoing debate in the UK about the veracity of rape allegations. One of the interesting comments referred to is the often quoted statistic that less 5% of 'rape' cases result in a conviction. The general public could be forgiven for believing that rape victims are less likely to obtain a conviction than those accused of other offences. However it now appears that this is not the case, and that rape convictions (or non convictions) are broadly in line with conviction rates generally. What is different about rape allegations is that only a small percentage of allegations are placed before a Court - presumably because the CPS do not believe there is sufficient evidence for a conviction. However of those allegations placed before a Court the conviction rate is broadly similar to that of other offences. Whilst it could be argued that a high rate of attrition and low rate of criminal proceedings might indicate bias against rape victims it could also be argued that the high attrition rate reinforces the view that significant numbers of rape allegations are false. You might think things cannot be worse but in the USA Prison staff staff are now regarded as being the most vulnerable to false allegations of sexual assault. In one woman's prison it was reported that, "Certain inmates use this type of allegation to retaliate against staff". "Every male supervisor I know has now been accused of either inappropriate sexual conduct or physical assault and all of them have been cleared." Closer to home there is a report on the vulnerability of teaching staff from 'happy slappy' incidents, whereby pupils take videos of incidents of teachers being threatened , humilitated or attacked by other pupils. In Ireland there is a report of builders blackmailing councillors with false allegations of child abuse to prevent them from opposing planning permission. Also in Ireland comes news of David Murray's successful appeal. In that
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case log books in relation to the running of the school and the employment records of the school were not disclosed to the defence until the morning of the first day of the trial in 2001. Other material was also not provided to the defence and this had limited its ability to more extensively cross-examine the complainant. When all the documents were fully disclosed, new material came to light, counsel said. The result of this was that Murray had been prejudiced and his conviction was unsafe. In England there are several reports of women being prosecuted for making false allegations of rape, including a 13 year old girl. This is part of an increasing trend and shows quite clearly that the judiciary are now taking firmer action against those who make false allegations of rape. A couple who were jailed for killing a boy with salt cleared their names and their lawyer urged prosecutors to stop bringing cases that hinge on expert medical evidence. Ian and Angela Gay endured 15 months in prison as hated child-killers, but they were acquitted of manslaughter and cruelty after a retrial. Their four-year battle to prove their
4 Priory Place Doncaster DN1 1BP Phone: 01302 309831 Fax: 01302 327521
You can help bring an end to the injustice of defending false allegations of historical child abuse by • instructing HAAP to represent you • urging your solicitors to join the HAAP • depositing YOUR legal papers with HAAP. (All you need to do is contact HAAP and they will send you an authorisation form)
FACTion / April 2007
innocence ended when an expert concluded that the boy might have been suffering from a rare intolerance to salt. The latest web entries end with news that a group of 168 former residents of children's homes in the Manchester area have been awarded more than £2m in compensation for alleged sexual and physical abuse. Some 66 children's homes in Greater Manchester were investigated. The compensation, totalling £2.26m, was given for the abuse itself, the lifelong effects and for expenses such as therapy, the group's lawyers said. But Peter Garsden, a lawyer for the group, does not believe the payout is sufficient. "The law could only provide what precedent allows," he said. "Unfortunately decided cases restrict the amount of compensation which the judges can award and that, quite frankly, isn't enough. The victims would argue that it should be millions of pounds and what price can you put on a ruined life?" Indeed what price can you put on a ruined life. Not very much it seems. At least that's the impression one gains from the recent House of Lords ruling that those wrongly imprisoned for crimes they did not commit should have 25% of any financial compensation they receive deducted to pay for their board and lodging and general up keep whilst in prison. It makes your blood boil doesn't it ?
Balance the Scales of Justice
As colleges accommodate more learners who are disaffected, have severe learning disabilities or experience mental health problems, staff are at increased risk of of being accused of assault, abuse or victimisation. When staff are suspended they are often instructed not to communicate with colleagues. This is an affront because in education fellow workers are often friends, and this adds to the sense of isolation. Furthermore when allegations are proved to be false or malicious employers often expect staff to return to normal duties immediately. This is unacceptable. Reasonable adjustments need to be made and a phased return encouraged. There must be a balance of justice so that when allegations are proved false or unfounded notes are placed on the crb record of staff stating unequivocally that the person has been cleared of the allegation and is innocent. Yours Sincerely, (Name With-held) Editorial Note: We also think there is a strong case for insisting that a note be placed on the accuser's file making it clear that they have made false or unfounded allegation(s).
Police Expand Use of Hi-tech Methods To Monitor Innocent People
We have become aware that some police forces are mounting vigorous campaigns against carers and teachers (and others) who have successfully won their cases and established their innocence. We would be particularly interested to hear from anyone who, for example, has been placed on the ViSOR (Violent and Sexual Offenders Register- not to be confused with the Sex Offenders Register). The violent and sex offenders register (Visor) is a central system that replaces local, unconnected databases and paper files used by police forces to keep tabs on people with convictions for sex offences and violent crimes. When it was introduced it was said to provide online, complete and up-to-date information on the country's most dangerous offenders. Quite why it is being used to list people with no convictions of any nature is yet to be explained. Another new hi-tech initiative being piloted by several police forces permits the Police to take video and voice recordings of those suspected of offending. According to one police force such videos are apparently used for 'intelligence' purposes and circulated to other officers to aid identification of possible offenders. Both of these initiatives pose a serious intrusion into personal civil liberties.
Clarke & Hartland Solicitors 48 The Parade Roath, Cardiff, CF24 3AB 02920 483 181 Clarke and Hartland Solicitors are a well established firm of solicitors based in Cardiff with over 20 years legal experience. We provide a range of legal services and also specialise in CRIMINAL DEFENCE work.
• We have developed a reputation for excellence throughout Cardiff and the surrounding area. • We offer personal attention with a professional, friendly, reliable and efficient service. • We provide high quality legal services which you can rely on. • We are trusted for our high standards of advocacy, knowledge and expertise. • Our rates are very competitive.
Clarke and Hartland have successfully defended a number of cases where allegations have been made against carers, teachers, and other professionals.
Page 11
FACTion / April 2007
Campaign on Behalf of Carers and Teachers Falsely Accused or Wrongly Convicted of Child Abuse
We have also received the sad news that Ron Lyon recently passed away. Ron was a good friend of F.A.C.T. and was responsible for the photography on the F.A.C.T. Christmas cards in recent years. We offer our condolences to his family and friends. Elsewhere you will have read that the Parole Document is now available. We are very grateful to George and Iris for all their work in producing this document, especially as George was himself recovering from serious illness at the start of this project. Latterly they have also had to contend with the nightmare of selling and buying a house. Parole Matters has been written with prisoners and their families in mind. It is full of useful tips and explains the parole process in easy to understand terms. If you would like a copy please contact George. If you are not able to contact George or Iris because they have moved you can order the document from Joy, or by contacting F.A.C.T. in the usual way. George can be contacted direct by using the email address email@example.com Please remember that our Spring Conference takes place on Saturday 26th May. Immediately prior to the conference we will also be discussing a special resolution as to whether or not F.A.C.T. should become a registered charity. If you have any views on this matter please let us know as soon as possible. As many of you will have read in previous editions of FACTion, F.A.C.T. has been trying to identify a group of people against whom allegations of child abuse were made which did not result in a conviction. Sadly the response has been disappointing. If we are to make any headway in developing a class action we need dozens more cases. One of the cases which caught our eye this month involved a South Wales teacher who was accused of sexual assault. After three and a half days he was found not guilty. The verdict was delivered by the jury after just 20 minutes. If you know of a case that took less time than this we would like to know! Finally, due to the slight reduction in news content in this edition we have not been able to include our letters' page. We have, though, received two letters asking for an update on the Cambridge University research project and on developments to set up a Trust Fund. We hope to give all our members an update on these in our next edition.
The past few weeks have been in many ways a strange but typical period for F.A.C.T. We have had good news from the Court Appeal but against this there has been the devastating blow of the convictions of Peter Shotton and Steven Edwards. Both fine teachers with impeccable records. Our thoughts go out to their families and friends. Please remember them during our vigils on the 27th March. This mix of good and bad news also seems to have been the trend locally. For example F.A.C.T. North West members were saddened to hear the very distressing news that Laurie, their Chairman, is seriously ill, and his wife Pauline is also poorly. Our thoughts and best wishes go to both of them and their family. If nothing else, F.A.C.T. members, and the Sutcliffe's in particular, are battlers so we wish them well as they fight their respective illnesses. Talking of battlers, we are pleased to report that Sheila Crosby is recovering well from her surgery. F.A.C.T. North West have also been delighted (as we all have) in sharing some good news (which we are not able to report at present) regarding one particular family. In North Wales the position is much the same. Several of their members have not been well recently. However, Gwen Hurst is making a good recovery from her operation and is back to her fighting best. We would like to congratulate Sue Griffiths on her recent birthday - and hope she will have forgiven Roger for not mentioning it before he dashed off to get to Birmingham for a F.A.C.T. Committee meeting. Now there's dedication for you! A great deal of effort is being made throughout all regions to ensure our Spring Awakening Day and Vigil is a great success. Events like this do take some organising, and have not been helped by petty bureaucratic decisions by some local authorities who do not allow demonstrations (except political ones!) in their area, and ban leafleting of any kind. We have been encouraged by the support you have shown and just hope that it will take place on a truly Spring-like day. If you would like to show support for the call made by F.A.C.T. women we would urge you to join one of the vigils. You can get further details (see page 4) or just turn up on the day.
F.A.C.T. Helpline 02920 777 499
The F.A.C.T. helpline is normally open from 9:30am to 12:30pm and 6:30pm to 9:30pm Mondays to Fridays, and on occasional Saturday mornings. It is not open Bank Holidays.
Page 12 FACTion / April 2007


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New Jersey State AFL-CIO Statement on Senate Budget and Appropriations Committee's Approval of Early Voting Bill
The New Jersey State AFL-CIO commends those elected officials who voted in favor of (S-2364) to extend in-person early voting opportunities to the community and to encourage increased participation in our state's democratic process. The bill was released from the Senate Budget and Appropriations Committee along party lines with Democrats voting in favor and Republicans in opposition. A breakdown of the vote is below. While there are state legislatures across the nation pursuing laws to restrict voting through voter ID laws, we are proud that legislation is being advanced in New Jersey to increase access to voting. In-person early voting is already practiced in 32 states as well as the District of Columbia.Read more
Taking it to the Streets
The New Jersey State AFL-CIO is proud to join with Working Families United for New Jersey, Inc. and coalition partners to debut a brand-new state-of-the-art voter registration van which will kick our voter registration and community mobilization into high gear. Equipped with internet connections and computers, this van allows us to take our entire voter registration operation to the streets and to engage communities in the democratic process.Read more
Labor and Community Allies Kickoff Groundbreaking Voter Registration Action Plan for Trenton Communities
The New Jersey State AFL-CIO was proud to join with several union affiliates and local community organizations at a Working Families United for New Jersey, Inc. coalition meeting in Trenton yesterday at the Lighthouse Outreach Church. The meeting generated a great deal of volunteer commitments to advance our coalition's voter registration goals in the community. This meeting follows a successful event which took place in Newark two weeks ago and produced the same enthusiasm and eagerness to get to work.Read more


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Rooms To Go Furniture
www.RoomsToGo.com Holiday Sale Event Going On Now!Save Online & In-Store.
1.Red Rooster
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17.32 mi
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2784 N Nc 16 Business Hwy
14.28 mi
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4.Red Rooster Ii
7912 Unity Church Rd
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Rooms To Go Furniture
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Food is good and employees are friendly but it takes too long to get through the drive thru. Cars were leaving from the outside lane because they were taking 2 to 3 orders from the inside lane before they would take 1 from the outside. Prepare to wait 15 to 30 minutes to get through the drive thru. Last time I went, I was in the outside lane and they kept taking orders from the inside lane. I drove off and went to the McDonald's closer to town and drove straight through. I had my order in less than 5 minutes.
The wait to get the food took over 25 min and by the time I got the food my drink order was wrong and the chicken sandwich was burnt and dry it was like eating beef jerky what a waste of money ended up eating bowl of cereal because I was hungry.. will not come back..
Just visited this establishment and waited 20 minutes for chicken strips in drive thru. I walked up to the kitchen door I asked what was taking so long and one of the workers said that they were doing the best they can. I immediately cancelled the order. I will never ever go there again. It is also in very poor condition at the curbside.
Every time we go there they never get the order right .are its over cooked don't order the chicken tenders they will break your teeth...
Service was fast but order was Wrong . I ordered two hamburger trays one with mustard only and one with mustard chilli and onions and what did I get. One yes with mustard and then other with mustard and ketchup. NO CHILLI OR ONIONS. I SPENT 13.25 THERE TO HAVE MY ORDER WRONG. ORDER 01365 STORE 4272 STA#025 STATION MANAGER 1 SEPTEMBER 09 2016 AT 2012
I love the Food Atmosphere and the Service here plus the Price can't be beat for all that a Person or Family get's here !!!!! True Southern Cooking and Tradition!!
I have always loved cookout i go all the time but everytime I get a VANILLA shake they give me banana shake and it's getting old if you want to keep the people try and do a better job by getting everything right
We love the food and the great people that work there .Great choice of home cooked southern food and burgers and sandwiches great breakfast menu as well
First of all fyi I am a foreigner and a legal green card holder. I went with my son to try the food there and I was really disappointed with the customer service, not courteous at all especially the cashier who served us at 11:10am on July 21, 2015. The food was alright but I don't intend of going there ever again. If your restaurant only serve locals please put up a big sign that inform potential customers, thank you.
Did you happen to read your own review? Whitetrashenese <-- hypocrite you made yourself sound dumb.. J/S


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I have the cutest handmade gift for you today. These DIY Apple Jars and Free Printable are adorable. These Mason Jars are perfect for teacher gifts, and for who
Teacher Gift Ideas they Will Love- Super cute ideas for Teacher Appreciation week and end of the school year teacher gifts. teacher gifts, gift ideas for teachers teacher gifts, gift ideas for teachers
DIY your Christmas gifts this year with 925 sterling silver photo charms from GLAMULET. they are compatible with Pandora bracelets. michelle paige: Quick Teacher Soap Gift for Christmas


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A man was killed and his son critically injured yesterday afternoon when two men opened fire on their vehicle outside the Diego Martin North Secondary School.
The gunmen, dressed in school uniforms, approached the car around 2:30 p.m. and began shooting at Dexter Gillard, 40, and Raheem Gillard, 14, just after the boy got into the car.
According to police they were sitting in the car, waiting for two of the boy's friends who were to get a ride with them, when the gunfire erupted.
Screaming students, other parents and pedestrians on the street were sent scampering for cover but the father and son, who tried to get out of the car and run to safety, were unable to escape the barrage of bullets.
When the shooting stopped, the two lay in pools of blood outside the vehicle.
They were taken to the hospital where Gillard died. His son, who was shot in the abdomen and legs, remains in critical condition in hospital after undergoing surgery.


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When I'm going on a train journey I like to make sure I have a really interesting book to read. This summer I've been doing some freelance work in an office and the book that's been taking my mind off the delays, smells and general unpleasantness of the commute is Invoking Animal Magic: A guide for the pagan priestess.
It is one of those books you can dip into and read a section that's so full of interesting facts and ideas you'll be mulling it over for the rest of the day – or at least thinking about in those boring moments in an office when otherwise you'd be watching the clock.
Invoking Animal Magic is by Dianic tradition priestess Hearth Moon Rising and is all about animal facts and folklore and how this can be used within magical rituals and practical spellworking. It divides animals into creatures of the underworld such as snakes; creatures that live in womb-like caves such as bats; creatures of the soil – mice, creatures of the dreamworld, including bears; creatures of the night, such as owls; creatures of the long journey – frogs and toads that have the reputation of long lives; creatures of silence – spiders; creatures of transformation – rabbits and hares; and creatures of the night, especially dogs and wolves.
All of these animals are traditionally associated with witches. Hearth Moon Rising looks at explanations for this, including the specific associations certain animals have with goddesses from all over the world. Interspersed with mythology you can also learn how to call upon the powers of these creatures to help with spell work, personal development and even learn about the ancient magical art of shape-shifting.
Publisher Moon Books says on its website: "Invoking Animal Magic explores the power and wisdom of animal allies. More than a compilation of interesting facts—stories, folklore and animal behavior are integrated in a modern pagan perspective. Illustrations based on cave paintings and artifacts add a visual component to the text while thought-provoking questions and fun activities help ground the material in personal experience. Invoking Animal Magic offers an in-depth study of nine animals, each with an important place in Euro-paganism—their myths and legends, historical context and magical themes. Rituals and spells are also included in each section."
If you read Invoking Animal Magic I promise you that you won't look at a snake, spider or railway station-dwelling mouse the same ever again.
Links and previous related posts
Invoking Animal Magic: A guide for the pagan priestess
To read more posts like this visit A Bad Witch's Blog at www.badwitch.co.uk
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Law Firm Newswire (01/23/2013)
Legalpeople LLC and the Partners Group LLC, two legal placement, staffing, and document review companies, announced on Jan. 23 the completion of their merger. The management team intends to maintain both the Legalpeople and the Partners Group brands with no changes to operations in existing markets.
Exclusive Guide From Gibraltar—Factoring for Staffing Companies
Whether your firm needs working capital to hire new talent, maximize a marketing opportunity, or extend client payment terms, factoring allows staffing companies to convert unpaid invoices into cash today. Download now to get answers to the top 10 questions related to accessing working capital via invoice financing.


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New York Times
Israel Halts Ship to Gaza, Iran Says
New York Times, United States -
By NAZILA FATHI TEHRAN — The Israeli Navy intercepted an Iranian ship carrying humanitarian aid for people in Gaza, Iran's state-run radio reported Tuesday. ...
Israel tells Iran aid ship for Gaza to leave: report
Iran accuses Israel of halting aid ship to Gaza
Iran tones down its vocal support for Hamas
Stakes high for Obama on Iran
BBC News, UK -
"The efforts by the US and its European allies over the past several years to pressure Iran to suspend its enrichment programme have been a complete failure ...
Video: Clinton Urged to Reveal More on Husband's Donors
Clinton to Engage Iran and Syria Soon
Bush scores well on India and China, less so for Iran, N. Korea
BBC News
Iran concerned about new BBC Persian TV
The Associated Press -
TEHRAN, Iran (AP) — Iran's intelligence chief expressed concerns about a new BBC Persian-language television channel launched Wednesday. ...
Iran says BBC Persian TV is 'security threat'
Iran voices dismay at launching BBC Persian TV service
BBC awaits response to Persian TV
Iran, China sign oilfield development deal
Xinhua, China -
14 (Xinhua) -- Iran and China signed a 1.76 billion US dollars deal here on Wednesday for the initial development of Iran's North Azadegan oil field, ...
China's CNPC signs deal for Iran oilfield
Iran and China sign oilfield development contract
Iran, China sign deal for developing North Azadegan Oil Field
US: Iran a Major Threat to Iraq's Stability
Voice of America -
By VOA News The US Defense Department says Iran continues to pose a major threat to Iraq's long-term stability. In a report issued Tuesday to the US ...
Pentagon finds Iraq safer but Iran a threat
US says Iran still a 'malign influence' in Iraq
Report: Iran a threat to Iraq security
BBC News
Obama's new approach on Iran
Christian Science Monitor, MA -
By John Hughes Provo, Utah - In the past 30 years, the United States has pondered regime change, military action, and containment as policies toward Iran. ...
Video: US Iranian Covert Action
Iran to consider Obama's remarks
Iran asks Obama not to repeat old US policy on Iran
Religious Intelligence Ltd
Iraq Signs UN Treaty Banning Chemical Weapons
Voice of America -
... Iraq used chemical weapons against the country's ethnic Kurds in 1988, and against Iranian forces during the 1980-88 Iran-Iraq war. ...
Iraq accedes to international chemical weapon ban
Iraq signs treaty banning chemical weapons
Iraq commits to chemical weapons ban
ABC News
Iran Says US Helped Finance Overthrow Plot
New York Times, United States -
By NAZILA FATHI TEHRAN — Iran has tried four Iranians on charges of trying to overthrow the government with the support of the United States, ...
Iran Stones 2 Men to Death; 3rd Flees
US denies involvement in coup attempt in Iran
Iran Accuses 4 of US-Backed Coup Plot