text:
Philip Shenon on the JFK assassination.
Philip Shenon, " A Cruel and Shocking Act, the secret history of the Kennedy Assassination." ( New York, 2013 )
Far too many books have been written about the assassination of JFK . Indeed I gather that in total no less than twenty eight different gunmen have been identified in Dealey Plaza by various authors. If this was just another bonkers conspiracy book it would be best to ignore it.
In fact though it is interesting for two reasons. First, Shenon, who has also written about the Commission that looked into 9/11, has obviously made a profound and detailed study of the Warren Commission's internal workings. The Commission, headed by Chief Justice Earl Warren, has always known to have been a bit of a shambles which relied far too much on the information provided by the FBI. What I had not known though before I browsed through Shenon's account, is how disgraceful the it was in other ways. Apparently one of its senior staffers even tried to seduce Marina Oswald- then an attractive widow! And there were also more serious lapses.
While the Warren Commission certainly reached the right conclusion about the events in Dallas- namely that Oswald was not part of a wide conspiracy. Nevertheless Shenon may be on firm ground when he suggests that not enough was done to investigate some important leads which suggested that Oswald had been influenced by left wingers who he had met when he paid a brief visit Mexico City some weeks before he opened fire.
The Warren Commission took the view that Oswald's trip to Mexico had been essentially inconsequential- nothing much had happened there except that Oswald had failed to get the visas he had wanted which would have enabled him to travel to Cuba and the Soviet Union. We will never now know the facts, but Shenon provides fairly convincing evidence that Oswald may have had a brief affair with the junior Cuban diplomat who handled his visa application, that she introduced him to a group of anti American students; and that he may have convinced himself that he would be welcomed back into this group if he proved himself worthy of their attention. Shenon implies that it was to do this, and perhaps to win himself a lover, that he killed President Kennedy when the opportunity unexpectedly presented itself a six weeks later.
All this is, of course, far, far, too vague to rank as history or anything like it. The woman concerned denies that she had a fling with Oswald, and the story of Oswald presence at a "Twist party" where he is alleged to have been seen in the company of Mexican/ Cuban leftists could well just be the creation of someone's imagination. But then again, some such course of events does explain Oswald's actions after the assassination. Were was Oswald headed when he fled from the Book Depository building?Was he- like rocket man- on a suicide mission? Or did he have a plan? Was he headed to back to Mexico and the "friends" he had met there? Shenon describes how the suggestion that he was trying to get to Mexico was nearly included in the Warren Commission's report, but was excluded from the final version.
The best that can be said is that Shenon's book raises some interesting possibilities. However it should not be despised like so many of the other idiotic publications about the assassination. At the very least Shenon does at least ask the right questions, questions that have been ignored too often both by those with a conspiracy to sell and those who have tried to debunk them. The deep point that he makes is, I think, that in respect of the assassination, and other matters too, we should be thinking not so much about plots, but about contexts. Future historians will have to make use of Shenon's book, and not just for what it tells us about the Warren Commission, interesting though that is.
NOTE: "The Daily Mail" should be ashamed of itself for giving publicity to an absurd theory that identifies Jackie Kennedy as one of the assassins. Even by the standards of planet tabloid…..
The news from Zimbabwe.
Since we have previously commented here about events in Zimbabwe it seems only right to say something about the coup, or rather the attempted "correction", that has just taken place in Harare.
1] The situation is complicated and fast moving. There is no certainty about either what has happened or about what will happen. That said, the following thoughts suggest themselves
2] There is no doubt that Bob had it coming. In his first years in power he showed that he had the capacity to govern Zimbabwe well. He could have turned Zimbabwe into a beacon of prosperity and hope in central Africa. And he was some of the way to doing this, as was widely admitted by quite conservative whites in South Africa when I was there for about six months in 1989. There was real hope in the air. Bob's failure was then one pure corruption. He has brought needless misery on the people of Zimbabwe. His fall will be fully deserved.
3] However, coups are a bad business. There have been far too many of them in Africa since the sixties. They may save a country from a tyrant as in this case, but they always set a bad example. Apart from all the other obvious moral,political, and legal considerations investors do not like seeing tanks on the streets.
4] The auguries for the future of Zimbabwe may be better than they were before recent events, but they are still not good. Well informed observers are expressing doubts about the motives and characters of those who are trying to depose Mugabe. Their record is unimpressive, and our jubilation about their efforts should, consequently, be muted.
5] The best hope now is for a rapid return to legality, and for free and fair elections to take place. But here the matter becomes unusually complicated. Bob has unexpectedly "won" elections in the past. He is the wiliest old fox in the business, and as of this moment it doesn't look as if he wants to go quietly.
6] The people of Zimbabwe have suffered enough. In the long run the only way in which Zimbabwe can release its huge economic potential is through the rule of law, democratic institutions, and private enterprise. All other proposals will end in further disaster and humiliation. The misrule of Robert Mugabe will not have been completely wasted if it teaches this lesson.
Ciao, ciao, choo choo!
By Michael Dwyer
In the nineteen eighties Sean Barret, professor of transport economics in Trinity and old friend of the EBI suggested that the multimillion pound state subvention to CIE be discontinued and the money used instead to buy everyone in the Republic a car.
He spoke of course half in jest and whole in earnest. What was a good idea thirty years ago seems like a better idea today. Then we had bad surfaces, narrow carriageways and no motorways. The train to Dublin took about the same for me as the car and less than the snail paced bus.
Today the train journey has not shortened by a minute but the road journey has halved in time. The combination of motorway, express routes and bus lanes mean I can be in the city centre in seventy five minutes travelling in a very comfortable coach with Wi-Fi naturally.
We all love a train. It is a wonderful way to go from A to B. It can be relaxing. The scenery on the Dublin Rosslare route I cannot recommend highly enough. Hell you can even have a little drink. It's just not a very efficient way.
This is a Victorian technology and it is time for it to go the way of the child sweep and the gentleman cricketer. Ireland has never been well adapted to rail. The Island is too small and the population is too dispersed to create truly economic intercity routes. The commuter routes around the larger population centres, may, perhaps, be viable but that should be looked at with real transparent costings. As for the rest, well today with our expensive road network, they represent cost without even the redeeming feature of social utility. We could always turn them into a transisland bicycle network. That's nineteenth century tech. that seems to be going strong without costing the taxpayer a dime.
Two further points, in the first place Mr. Dwyer really does speak Italian! Secondly, I publish his piece with some reluctance. As the proud user of free travel card, I love being wafted through the enchantments of the Irish countryside. The journey from Arklow to Dublin is particularly beautiful at this time of the year because of the finely coloured foliage alongside which the train travels, ! I love too the taste of the Danish pastry and the fine coffee which is available on the train- for which, though, I do have to pay. Mostly though I love the lordly sense that someone else is paying for my indulgence- so perhaps Mr. Dwyer is making a moral point too!
A forgotten gem.
"There is something curiously moving and impressive about the mediaeval schoolmen. From their cloistered retreats to which learning had been driven by the tumults of the Dark Ages, they emerge into the sunlight bustle of town and university, exuberant with vitality, filled with enormous and zestful intellectual appetite."
I first came across the name of Canon D J B Hawkins when reading Antony Flew's " God and Philosophy" and formed the view from Flew's treatment of his work that he was a philosopher who had little to offer except an archaic Thomism. Gradually however I kept finding his book "A Sketch of Mediaeval Philosophy" ( London, 1946 ) listed in such places as the bibliography to Father Copleston's "Aquinas" ( where curiously the date of its publication is wrongly given ), so I asked John Wyse Jackson of the Zozimus Bookshop ( among our links ) to find me a copy- which turns out to have been a wise decision. The book is a delight
Indeed I would go further. It's a classic. Canon Hawkins turns out to have been a Catholic priest who ministered at Godalming in Surrey for many years. He never held any academic position, but wrote several works of philosophy from a position moderate Thomism before his death in 1964 His "Sketch of Mediaeval Philosophy" was, however by far his most widely read book, and his only venture into the history of ideas. Perhaps because it was a one off it expresses the full fruits of engagement with his subject. Too often works of scholarship are almost by implication the result of self-conscious research undertaken for the very purpose of writing the book in question. These have then a certain artificial feel about them. As a result one often gets the impression that the author knows about his subject ( or at least what his sources have told him about his subject ), but that he does not truly KNOW his subject, in that he or she has not fully made the subject their own. This is precisely the sense that one DOES NOT get from Hawkins' book. Hawkins was obviously an enthusiast for his subject. Indeed, as I read, I couldn't help suspecting that he can hardly have had time for anything else. I sensed indeed that his enthusiasm was such that his parishioners may have felt neglected. His final chapter includes a revealing cameo in which he pictures himself turning over the pages of the more obscure late scholastics in the hope of finding yet more to read- for he must read everything else!
Hawkins though, was no mere antiquarian. He thought like a philosopher; that is to say he obviously kept turning over in his mind the issues raised by his reading. For him there were as many questions as certainties in philosophy. And he relished this same tendency in the thinkers that he wrote about. For Hawkins the story begins with the tragic late Roman Boethius whose "Consolations of Philosophy" exerted an extraordinary influence in the Middle Ages, and was indeed translated into English by Chaucer among others. Boethius was a late Roman senator in the employment of a barbarian king. But he lost a court intrigue, and as a result was first imprisoned and then executed. It was while he was imprisoned, but probably before he knew what his ultimate fate would be, that he wrote his famous book. More recent scholars have wondered why it was that, if Boethius was really a Christian, that he should have taken so little comfort from his faith, as his book implies. The reason though is not far to seek. His book is about "The Consolations of Philosophy", and not The Consolations of Faith. Boethius, in effect, does what it says on the tin.
A minor point, you may perhaps think. But this would not be a sound judgement. Boethius was an extremely influential figure who linked the ancient and mediaeval worlds. Consequently the distinction which he made between the realm of faith and reason was to become far more important than he can ever have imagined. This meant that there could be an active debate between the various different schools of philosophy within the context of the Christian faith. By our standards the church was authoritarian. But it was not totalitarian.
Hawkins grants quite freely that towards the end of the Middle Ages there were thinkers who under the influence nominalism had abandoned Christianity and who merely pretended to believe for obvious pragmatic reasons But these he insists were very much in a minority. For the vast bulk of thinkers during the middle ages Christianity was at the core of everything that they did. But their thinking was not restricted simply to reiterating the contents of their faith. Rather they wished to understand what they believed, and they used all the tools available to them to do so. And in order to do this they explored widely and thought freely within the context of their Catholic faith. It was this openness to debate that lay behind the whole flowering of Christian thought in the Middle Ages.
While the revival of Thomism from the middle of the nineteenth century onwards was a development of great importance (the full significance of which we may not yet have seen fully ), it has had the disadvantage of making it appear that the Middle Ages were philosophically less divided, less rich and less interesting than was really the case. Aquinas was certainly the flag ship of the fleet. But he was not alone. Hawkins was an unapologetic Thomist. For him the writings of Thomas were a triumphant synthesis of Christian and Aristotelian thought, with an enduring relevance. But this did not prevent him from being able to present the other thinkers of the period in a vivid way. Indeed they come bouncing out of his pages like characters in a play.
There are , it is true, moments when the pace slackens and one begins to feel that one is reading a telephone directory of minor figures. But these lapses are few. Hawkins has the knack of being able to catch the spirit of the people he writes about. He captures the tragedy of Boethius, the oddity of Duns Scotus, the over-confidence of Anselm ( he thinks that the ontological argument was a bridge too far )- , the romance- and the seriousness-of Abelard, and , of course, the massive solidity of Aquinas.
For me though the central message Hawkins' was that the greatest achievement of the mediaeval theological class was its right understanding of the importance of politics. This is of especial importance today, when on the one hand our voters fail to vote in record numbers, and yet on the other there seem to be innumerable fanatics on both left and right who can't seem to think of anything else but politics. Mediaeval man knew much better than this. Politics was important. But it was not all-important. Man's true home was elsewhere. Then the role of politics then was circumscribed by the metaphysical and moral order within which humanity was located. In other words, just as Boethius attributed a sphere to philosophy and sphere to faith, so too the mediaeval consensus attributed a sphere to the church and a sphere to the state.
Although historians of ideas tend to think that the mediaeval dispute about universals was of the greater interest, the tussle over the respective rights of the church and the empire probably had more enduring institutional significance than the metaphysical argument. Few people in the Middle Ages would have taken an extreme view of the case. It was all a matter proportion, and of, as we would say today, where the line should be drawn. Put differently, the crucial point was that there were two legitimate spheres, the boundaries between which were the subject of discussion and of course compromise. This in turn had deep implications both for the Middle Ages themselves, and for their legacy to us. It is, for example, the existence of differing spheres in our culture today that makes it so difficult for followers of Islam to integrate successfully into our culture. Above all it explains both the origins of our freedoms and our need to defend them from those who would remove any spiritual considerations from our political order. No wonder Hawkins quotes Lord Acton as saying that Aquinas was the first Whig- ( unlike Dr. Johnson who said that that honour belonged to the devil!)
While Hawkins is most immediately relevant when he is hinting at the political implications of the views he is describing, he is, to my mind, most disturbing when he describes the way in which the wisdom of the Middle Ages was first abandoned, and then simply forgotten. It is true that late scholasticism had become tired. Perhaps under the influence of the Black Death the confidence detected by Dorothy Sayers was replaced by what V.H.H. Green called " a kind of wintry pessimism." Moreover scholasticism became far too closely associated with the Ptolemaic view of the universe which turned out to be wrong. Likewise its focus on metaphysics was in conflict with the greater emphasis on human nature- which was such a pronounced feature of both Reformation and Renaissance. Nevertheless the deep wisdom of the middle ages was not refuted. It was allowed, even encouraged, to die of neglect. The enthusiasts for the new learning and the Reformers each had their own strong motives for ignoring what had gone immediately before them. And neither showed any hesitation about the ethics or the wisdom of making fun of what they did not want to understand and had not much studied. Instead they imposed what amounted to a Philosophical Correctness on the culture of the West. Nor was the Enlightenment any better or more broad minded . So let us not then make a similar mistake: for as Hawkins concludes, "there is much more than the satisfaction of historical curiosity in making the acquaintance of Bonaventure and Duns Scotus and, above all, Thomas Aquinas."
NOTES: Also to hand, acquired for me by John Wyse Jackson, is S. J Curtis "A Short History of Western Philosophy in the Middle Ages" ( London, 1950 ), and it is from the Dorothy Sayers' preface to this from which I have drawn the quotation which heads this piece.
The brief quote from V.H.H. Green comes from his "Renaissance and Reformation " ( London, 1970 ) p.18 For the final paragraph I have raided Joseph Rickaby S.J. " Scholasticism" ( London, 1908 ). Of the relationship between scholasticism and science he writes "No one who has not read much of the Scholastic authors can conceive how far the Ptolemaic astronomy entered into their psychology, their metaphysics, and even their theology." But he insists that "Certainly Scholasticism does not stand of fall with the Ptolemaic conception…One may remain a good Scholastic and abolish all that." p. 66.
For an up to date account of Aquinas see Edward Feser, "Aquinas, a Beginner's Guide" ( London, 2009 ) which contains a very full bibliography of the more recent literature. No one though even vaguely interested in the thought of the middle ages should ignore the work of Etienne Gilson. I started with his "God and Philosophy" ( Yale, Mass. 1941 ) although it also deals with more recent thought.
Storm Ophelia
"I'll blow and I'll blow, and I'll blow your house down"- said the wolf to the three little pigs in the fairy tale. And two of the pigs did indeed have their residences demolished, but they were the ones who had built with unsuitable materials. The piglet who had built with brick suffered no such disaster. Those who constructed the old rectory which I am lucky enough to live in, built largely with stone although they did adorn some of the openings in the stable block with brick. But they did build strongly, so while the wind did indeed blow powerfully I lost only one slate- although there was one moment when I thought that the sash window behind which I write might be blown in.
Others though were less fortunate than I. There were the three lamented fatalities across the country- one of a nurse hurrying about her duties- and while my immediate neighbours suffered little damage, I did certainly see an ESB repair crew heading westwards, followed, I thought, by an ambulance, and later by a motorized cauldron of ready mixed concrete driving in the same direction; all of which suggested, that serious damage was done here too, even at so great a distance from the centre of the storm. Windy Monday will go down in Irish history.
In general I obeyed the governments instructions to stay inside. But I did go out twice. The wind was wild. But not the wildest I can remember. One of the most extraordinary memories of my childhood is that of being caught up in the hurricane Debbie which hit the West of Ireland in September 1961. The slates flashing like razor blades as they poured off the roofs of Clifden ( Co Galway ), the terrified faces of the men, themselves barely able to stand, who desperately urged us not to drive past a sea weed factory as they were frightened that its roof was about to be blown off into our path, and perhaps above all the utter devastation of Eyre Square in Galway itself a few days later, are all, even now, imprinted on my mind.
The difference though between September 1961 and October 2017 was that while the weather may have been similar, there were far fewer casualties earlier this week than there had been in 1961 when eleven people died ( the fears of the men at the sea weed factory were all too justified). And why was this? Because, Monday's storm was well heralded by the forecasters unlike that of 1961, because of the warnings given by the government, and because of the greatly improved infrastructure, communications, and social media that we now enjoy. And none of this would have been possible without the economic growth that as taken place in the last fifty odd years. We have acted like the wise piglet and built of brick not straw, but do we understand any more than he, how and why we have done so?
NOTE. I see to my great regret that two farmers, one in Cork, and another in Wicklow have been killed while repairing damage done by last week's two storms. But even so, the combined total of deaths caused by Ophelia and Brian is less than half that caused by Debbie in 1961.
Politically incorrect truths about the Third World
By Philip Vander Elst.
At a time when left-wing 'anti-racist' activists are seeking to remove statues of Cecil Rhodes and other historical figures associated with what they deem to be the shameful colonial past of western democracies like Britain, there is a need to set the record straight and challenge the ignorance and double standards fuelling this movement. To that end I reproduce below a slightly expanded version of a speech I made in a debate at the Oxford Union- pictured below- during the autumn term of 2009, opposing the motion that "This House would make reparations for colonialism." Open-minded readers willing to study the controversial issues I raised in my speech in more detail should get hold of the books I mentioned. And to that list should be added Ghanaian economist, George Ayittey's seminal book, Africa Betrayed, an excoriating and copiously documented indictment of post-colonial African tyrannies. P.V E.
"This House would make reparations for colonialism"
Thirty-six years ago, Mr President, I stood at this despatch box to oppose the motion "That the power of the State has increased, is increasing and should increase still further." As a classical liberal who remains distrustful of government, I am the last person to take a rosy and uncritical view of Western colonialism. All too often it has been associated with the worst abuses of State power. But it is a disservice to historical truth, Mr President, to dismiss the entire colonial era as an unrelieved tale of imperial greed, racism and exploitation – with no compensating achievements or benefits.
If this House wishes to consider a more balanced view of the Western colonial era and its impact on the Third World, I invite it to study the writings of the late Professor P.T. Bauer, one of the great development economists of the 20th century according to contemporary Asian scholars like Deepak Lal, Parth Shah, and Razeen Sally. I also urge you all to read the works of African-American economist, Thomas Sowell, particularly his two books, The Economics and Politics of Race, and, more recently, Conquests and Cultures: An International History.
If you do this, you will find that whilst both Bauer and Sowell are often extremely critical of the colonial authorities, they emphasise two basic historical facts: (1) the material backwardness and barbarism of much of the pre-colonial Third World, and (2) the role of the Western colonial powers – especially the British – in establishing peace and order, and with it, the material and organisational infrastructure of modern economies and societies – roads, railways, ports, factories, schools, hospitals and universities. Sub-Saharan Africa, Mr President, offers the clearest illustration of all this.
According to Sowell, the development of pre-colonial sub-Saharan Africa was gravely handicapped by the lack of navigable rivers and natural harbours, the ravages of the tsetse fly (whose parasites are fatal to draft animals), and numerous tropical diseases which debilitated and decimated Africans. As a result, almost no pre-colonial African community south of the Sahara managed to harness draft animals to pull ploughs and wagons. "The pre-colonial technology of the region," writes Sowell, "was incapable of using wind or water power for milling grain. Tribal warfare, military raids, slavery and serfdom were widespread throughout the area." [i]
Western colonialism, by contrast, brought progress. To quote Bauer, who spent many years living and working in Asia and Africa: "the basic ingredients of modern social and economic life, including public security and health, wheeled transport, modern forms of money and scientific agriculture, were brought to sub-Saharan Africa by Westerners in the 19th and early 20th centuries. They were introduced by the colonial administrations, or by foreign private organisations or persons, under the comparative security of colonial rule and usually in the face of formidable obstacles…The coercion and the hardships, though far from negligible, seem slight when we think of both pre-colonial and post-colonial Africa…The number of Africans who lived longer, more securely, in materially better conditions and in peaceful contact with their fellow men was much greater, probably by several orders of magnitude, than the numbers who were harmed." [ii]
Colonialism brought the rule of law and economic progress
African-American economist, Thomas Sowell, reaches a similar conclusion to Bauer. Whilst acknowledging that not all parts of the colonised world were primitive, and that the coming of Western civilisation did not always represent progress in all aspects of life, Sowell concludes: "By and large European colonialism brought to the Third World what Roman imperialism had brought to Britain: (1) a reduction or cessation of internal fighting that had plagued these regions for centuries, holding back economic and social progress, (2) a unified system of law as a framework for stable expectations and the security and individual planning that law makes possible, (3) features of a more advanced system of technology and organisation, and (4) contact with a wider world, enabling creative potential to emerge from the restrictions of insularity." [iii]
My opposition to this motion, Mr President, is not simply due to a belief that it is based on a distorted and one-sided evaluation of Western colonialism. It is also fuelled by the conviction that the demand for Western reparations is morally compromised by double standards, as well as being backward-looking and unfair to contemporary Western taxpayers.
The case for Western reparations involves double standards, Mr President, because it overlooks the fact that nearly all ethnic groups, tribes and nations have engaged, at one time or another, in wars of conquest, land seizures, slavery and genocide. If Western taxpayers are expected to pay for the sins of previous generations of Western colonialists, for which they were not responsible, should modern day Zulus and Apaches pick up the bill for the tribal wars and massacres perpetrated by their ancestors in southern Africa and North America? Should the present-day inhabitants of Mongolia and the Arabian Peninsula offer financial compensation for the wars of conquest waged by Genghis Kahn and Arab-Islamic rulers in Asia and the Mediterranean?
Anti-Western double standards absurd in relation to slavery
Anti-Western double standards about the past, Mr President, are particularly absurd when it comes to the subject of slavery. As Asian-American scholar, Dinesh D'Souza, points out in his massively documented 700 page critique of politically correct multiculturalism, The End of Racism: "…slavery was widespread in Africa from antiquity" and also existed among the native Indian tribes of North America, many of whom also owned black slaves. "The three powerful medieval kingdoms of Ghana, Songhai and Mali all relied on slave labour. Nor were these slaves exclusively black Africans…The Ashanti of West Africa customarily enslaved all foreigners." African complicity in the slave trade, states Dinesh D'Souza, was "epitomised in the proposition advanced to Europeans by an African chief in the early nineteenth century: 'We want three things: powder, ball and brandy; and we have three things to sell: men, women and children." [iv]
Perhaps the most poignant comment on African participation in the slave trade, Mr President, are these words of Zora Neale Hurston, the great black feminist writer of the Harlem Renaissance, in the early part of the 20th century: "The white people held my people in slavery here in America. They had bought us, it is true, and exploited us. But the inescapable fact that stuck in my craw was: my people had sold me…My own people had exterminated whole nations and torn families apart for a profit before the strangers got their chance at a cut." [v]
What, by contrast, it is important to note about the West, Mr President, is that principled opposition to the historically universal institution of slavery primarily emerged from within Western culture. Starting with the Quakers and the Methodists, and continuing with the great anti-slavery campaign of William Wilberforce and his Evangelical friends, a vast humanitarian movement came into existence in the 18th and 19th centuries, which not only stamped out slavery in most places, but established the foundations of that very concern for human rights and national self-determination to which everyone pays at least lip-service today. To quote Thomas Sowell's tribute to what he describes as Britain's leading role in the destruction of the international slave trade, and then of slavery itself: "The magnitude of this achievement is hard to appreciate without first recognising that slavery was a worldwide institution, entrenched on every inhabited continent, subjugating people of every colour, language, and religion, and going back thousands of years." [vi]
Arab slave trade depopulated whole regions of the Congo
And before we leave the subject of the slave trade, it should be noted that it was particularly destructive in Central Africa. There its cruelties and massacres, mainly the work of Arab slavers and their Muslim African allies, and exposed to international opinion by Dr Livingstone and other eyewitnesses, depopulated whole regions of the Congo. [vii]
It is therefore appropriate, given the constant and one-sided attacks on the Belgian colonial record, to recognise that it was in fact the Belgians who liberated the Congo from the genocidal ravages of this Arab-dominated slave traffic. Indeed, the very same independent investigative judicial commission whose 1905 report rightly condemned the serious abuses of the early years of Belgian colonisation, credited the early colonial administration with having put an end to tribal warfare, cannibalism and the slave trade.[viii]
Patrice Lumumba's little known tribute to the Belgians
Even Patrice Lumumba, who became the Congo's first black Prime Minister when Independence was granted in 1960, paid this tribute to the Belgian suppression of the slave trade in his 1958 book, Congo, My Country: "When we pass the graves of those heroes who gave their lives for our safety, and thanks to whom we can now utter the words 'independence – autonomy,' let us be silent for a few moments and bow our heads respectfully in their memory…Other countries-which were more powerful than Belgium – remained indifferent to our fate and left us to perish. Belgium, moved by a very sincere and humanitarian idealism, came to our help, and with the assistance of doughty native fighters, was able to rout the enemy, to eradicate disease, to teach us and to eliminate certain barbarous practices from our customs, thus restoring our human dignity and turning us into free, happy, vigorous civilised men." [ix]
The problem with this motion, Mr President, is not only that it is based upon double standards and an unbalanced historical perspective. Its exaggeration of the evils of colonialism also evades the glaringly obvious fact that so much of what has gone wrong in the Third World since the 1960s has been due, not to Western exploitation, but to the aggrandizement and abuse of State power by corrupt and frequently incompetent post-colonial ruling elites. This has been true of countries like Algeria, Burma, and others in Asia and the Middle East. Above all it has been true of Africa.
To quote Ghanaian economist, George Ayittey: " One word, power, explains Africa is in the grip of a never-ending cycle of wanton chaos, horrific carnage, senseless civil wars and collapsing economies; the struggle for power, its monopolisation by one individual or group, and the subsequent refusal to relinquish or share it." [x]
At least 13 million Africans killed by own their leaders since 1960
That, Mr President, is why, as George Ayittey, points out, more than 13 million Africans have been killed by their own leaders since 1960.[xi] That is why of the 180 African heads of state who held power between 1960 and 1998, only 20 relinquished it or retired voluntarily.[xii] That, too, is why according to the African Union's own estimates, Africa loses $148 billion a year – a quarter of its entire GDP – to corruption. [xiii]
Some years ago the distinguished Guinean novelist, Camara Laye, lamented that all too many African leaders: "…do not serve Africa. They make Africa serve themselves. They are far from being builders, organisers, city administrators, but are rather jailers who deal with the men, women and children of our people as if they were cattle." [xiv]
As you ponder these words and reflect on the way dictators like Robert Mugabe use anti-colonialist rhetoric as an excuse for their crimes against their own people, ask yourselves whether giving credence to the demand for western reparations would really help the poor and the oppressed of the Third World.
Mr President, I beg to oppose!
Philip Vander Elst (copyright, 2017)
[i] Thomas Sowell, The Economics and Politics of Race, (New York: William Morrow & Company, 1983), p.26.
[ii] P.T. Bauer, Equality, the Third World and Economic Delusion, (London: Methuen, 1981), pp.167 & 172.
[iii] Thomas Sowell, op cit, p.226.
[iv] Dinesh D'Souza, The End of Racism, (New York: The Free Press, 1995), pp. 73 & 74.
[v] Dinesh D'Souza, op cit, p.74.
[vi] Thomas Sowell, Conquests and Cultures: an international history, (New York, Basic Books, 1998), p.91.
[vii] For more information on this subject, see: (1) Belgian explorer and naturalist, Jean-Pierre Hallet's semi-autobiographical history of the Congo, Congo Kitabu, (New York: Fawcett Crest, 1967), pp.62-68, & pp.414-416. (2) George Martelli, Leopold to Lumumba: a history of the Belgian Congo 1877-1960, (London: Chapman & Hall, 1962), pp.126 & 175. (3) Thomas Sowell, Conquests and Cultures, p.110, (4) Dinesh D'Souza, op cit, p.74.
[viii] George Martelli, op cit, pp.172-175.
[ix] Patrice Lumumba, Congo, My Country (translated from the original French by Graham Heath), New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1962.
[x] George Ayittey, 'The African Power Equation', The Washington Times, 20 April 1998.
[xi] George Ayittey, 'Dr Ayittey offers a quick response to the questions addressed to him by Sadiq Manzan', (http://www.utexas.edu/conferences/africa/ads/273.html), 2006.
[xii] George Ayittey, 'The African Power Equation', Ibid.
[xiii] Source: John O'Shea, letter published in the Sunday Telegraph (London), 18 March 2007.
[xiv] Quoted by Stephen Glover in the Daily Telegraph (London), 25 June 1982.
The pro-abortion demo. in Dublin
Quite by accident I was caught up in the pro- abortion demonstration that took place in Dublin last Saturday. I was heading North on O' Connell Street, as they were heading South.
And they is the crucial word here. The demonstration was well attended, surprisingly so. But that freely confessed the turn out was not of the near apocalyptic dimensions implied by photographs on both the RTE and BBC web sites. It is also worth noting that it was a balmy autumn day which was perfect for a march. Had the day been wet I do not doubt that the whole exercise would have been much less impressive. The organisers are to be congratulated then both on their skill and on their good luck!
Probably of greater interest than the size of the march was its composition. The photographs did not lie when they suggested that those who took part were predominantly young and to a great extent female. Whether we like it or not the issue abortion divides both the generations and the sexes. Yet more troubling it was also clear ( or at least it seemed to be clear from where I was standing ) that a large proportion of the crowd had been marshalled into existence by, and were seemingly quite happy to march beneath the banners of, extreme left wing organisations. As the churches have declined, and because our established political parties have eschewed ideas, so economic illiteracy has flourished among the young. This must be a matter of grave concern to all those who love Ireland, and who wish for the prosperity of her people! What is to be done?
The EDMUND BURKE INSTITUTE cannot, of course, become involved either in the broader issue of abortion, or in the specific debate about constitutional prohibition of abortion which will soon be under discussion here. This is for two reasons. In the first place it is prevented by our legal arrangements; and secondly because the various directors of the in institute have differing views about the question, although it is no secret that some advocate the "Right to life" in their private capacities.
What really happened.
Book review: Hillary Rodham Clinton, "What happened" ( Simon and Schuster, New York, E.22.99)
"For me, political campaigns have always been something to get through in order to govern which is the real prize." Hillary Clinton.
It's easy to make fun of Hillary Clinton, after her election campaign ended in farce, and she was too crushed- so it is said- even to address her shell-shocked supporters on the night in question. It is easier still to make fun of this pretentious volume. It is, for example, almost unbelievable, that in it she devotes a chapter to gun control without apparently noticing that the right to bear arms is enshrined in the American Constitution.
But let us remember that Hillary was disorientated by her defeat, and had obviously not completely recovered her balance by the time she started to write. While then we should take some of what she says with a pinch of salt there are lessons here, and some other good stuff which is worth glancing at.
First though, let's look for the lesson. We all have our faults. Neither the sons of Adam nor the daughters of Eve are immune from human weaknesses. Hillary's problem is pride. There is no trace of understatement in her rhetoric. There is no hint of modesty in her character. It is a virtue quite alien to her nature. She can be kind, but she wants you to know that she can be kind. She can be responsible, but she demands that you respect her for her responsibility. She is intelligent, very intelligent, but she insists ( very much one of her words ) that you reward her for her intelligence. And perhaps most troubling of all she knows that she has read runes of history, and she is sure that she ( and her supporters ) are in tune with it, and she demands that we respect her for the profundity of her insight. She storms against inequality, and yet is the very embodiment of entitlement.
What else but entitlement can possibly explain the way in which she and Bill ( who really should have stopped on this one!) bought the house next door in order to accommodate the secret service agents with which she would be surrounded when she became president!
Of course Hillary is justified in raising questions about Russian interference in the election, ( but see below ) she is justified too in defending herself about the matter of her email server, and she is on firm ground when she points out that her opponent was less qualified than she to be president. But the difficulty was though that Trump wanted to win, and she merely thought that she should get the job. He relished the campaign. She campaigned. He loved the rallies. She addressed them. He was a rascal, and she made a point of sleeping every night at home, deeply confident that she would win. And this all showed, and she turned off millions of white working class voters who stormed the polling stations in record numbers across the "rust belt" to vote for "the Donald." It wasn't then so much a matter of what happened, but that he captured a mood which had been defined by Brexit.
The lesson then of this book is that in democratic politics good intentions, and competence are not enough. Something else is needed. There needs to be a lived recognition of one's own fallibility. It is often called having a sense of humour, but however one defines it Reagan had it, Bill had it, most crucially Trump had something like it, but somehow Hillary lacked it.
As a practicing Methodist Hillary must have known that pride as comes before a fall( No need to read Milton for that!) . Why then did she run? Was she really so ignorant of her own weakness? She is an intelligent woman and it would be surprising if she were really so unaware of her own foibles. A more probable explanation for her presidential ambition ( which some of her friends warned her against!) is, as she explains, although she doesn't put like this, that she was misled by the good and decent side of her character into imagining that she would make a better candidate than was ever really likely to be the case. Ultimately then Hillary lost because she did not know herself.
Poor candidate though she was Hillary was excited by the details of government, and by the possibilities of exercising power, and she really believed that she could do a better job of being president than anyone else. To me, the most interesting example of this side of her character revealed by her book is the proposal for a negative income tax that she and Bill worked on but ultimately rejected as too expensive. The passage in question is worth quoting, as it gives a little of the flavour of this important side of her character.
"I was fascinated by this idea, as was my husband, and we spent weeks working with our policy team [ trust our Hillary to have a policy team! ] to see if it could be…include[d] in my campaign [ as a proposal]…Unfortunately, we couldn't make the numbers work. To provide a meaningful dividend each year to every citizen, you'd have to raise enormous sums of money, and that would either mean a lot of new taxes or cannibalising other important programmes." ( p.239)
Oh dear, oh dear, here we have Clintons at their best and their worst. The intention is right- to get resources into the hands of those who don't have them. The notion of bypassing the bureaucrats and instead just giving people a cheque is sound too. But obviously such payments would be in place of other benefits rather than in addition to them, as Hillary and Bill supposed!
So what are we to make of Hillary and her book? Hillary's strong point are her intentions, which I don't think can be faulted, and her seriousness, which is evident in everything that she writes. The problems though are deeper, she fails to see that despite, or perhaps because, of her experience in Washington, that the very multiplicity of solutions and programmes that she endorsed threatened to change the very nature of the American experience. For all his glaring faults, Trump persuaded enough Americans in the right places that more of the same, and particularly more immigration, meant less of America. That is what really happened. And this is something that Hillary shows no sign of ever being able to understand!
NOTE: It is interesting to find the left wing publication "The Nation"- easily accessed through the links on The Drudge Report- throwing cold water on the claims that the Russians played any significant part in the election.
The root of the trouble?
"It is not too much of an exaggeration to say that virtually every major religious, moral, and political controversy of the last several decades- of the last several centuries in fact- in some way rests on a disagreement, even if implicit and unnoticed, over the "problem of universals" ( as it is known). That includes the dispute between the "New Atheists" and their critics, ignorant though the former ( though also the latter) are of the true roots of the dispute. When Richard Weaver [ 1910-1963 ] famously made the observation [ in a title of a book ] that "Ideas have Consequences," [ University of Chicago Press, 1948 ] he was not making the banal point that what we believe affects the way we act; he was referring to the radical social and moral implications that the abandonment of realism and the adoption of nominalism has had within modern Western civilization."
Edward Feser, "The Last Superstition, a Refutation of the New Atheism" ( St. Augustine's Press, South Bend, Indiana, 2008) p.4


text:
Azerbaijan Passes to Specific Customs Duties
2017 October 31 ( Tuesday ) 15:43:14
Baku / 31.10.17 / Turan: Starting from 2018, the government plans to switch to specific import customs duties, due to which revenues to the state budget by customs duties will increase by 66 million manat or 14.1%. This is stated in the presentation by the Finance Ministry of the draft state budget for the next year,
The government intends to change the regulation of customs duties on the non-oil sector goods produced in Azerbaijan. The essence of the changes consists in the transition from interest rates of customs duties to stable payments in foreign currency. Import customs rates in Azerbaijan are 0-15%. What kind of products are in question is not reported.
At present, specific customs duties are also applied to a number of goods.
In 2018, the total amount of customs duties is projected at the level of 535 million manat. -08B----

subset: commoncrawl


text:
1. Bali Island
Location : Lying between Java to the east and Lombok Island to the west.
Landmarks :
- Beach : Dreamland Beach, Kuta Beach, Sanur Beach, Legian & Seminyak Beach, Jimbaran Beach, Uluwatu Beach, Nusa Dua Beach, Tanjung Benoa Beach, Lovina Beach, Amed & Tulamben Beach, and Candi Dasa Beach.
- Mountain : Mount Agung, Mount Batur, Mount Batukaru,
- Museum : Bali Museum, Puri Lukisan Museum, Rudana Museum, The Agung Rai Museum of Art, Bali Shell Museum, Bedulu Archeology Museum, Subak Museum, Gedong Arca Archeology Museum, Gilimanuk Primordial Museum.
- Temple : Pucak Bukit Sanunggal Temple, Tirta Segara Rupek Temple, Segara Giri Dharma Kencana Temple, Gede Perancak Temple, Rambut Siwi Temple, Barong-barongan temple.
- Culture – History : Tirta Gangga Kingdom Water Park, Ujung Park, Catur Muka Statue, Werdhi Budaya Park.
- Souvenirs : Sukawati Market, Joger, Art Shop Kuta, Badung Market, Krisna.
- Hotel : {Kuta Area} Taman Ayu Legion ( Melati ), The Harmon Legian (*), Palm Beach Hotel (**), Kuta Beach Club (***), Grand Istana Rama (****), Kuta Paradiso Hotel (****) {Nusa Bali & Jimbaran Area} Nirmala Jimbaran (*), Sari Segara Jimbaran (***), {Sanur Area} Ari Putri ( Melati ), Parigata Resort & Spa (***),
One of the most beautiful island in Indonesia and perhaps in the world, because of that there's a joke in Indonesian people that it's famous even greater than the country who belongs the Bali itself, Indonesia. Bali doesn't just give the amazing scenery and natural beauty, but also the Balinese culture that always make everyone who comes to Bali want to learn about it. Bali is a complete package destination for a vacation trip because there are beach, mountain, culture, art, etc that will impress anybody who comes to Bali, another reason why you should come here.
2. Komodo Island
Location : Komodo Island lies between Sumbawa to the west and Flores to the east
Landmarks :
- Beach : Pink Beach
- Nature : Komodo National Park
- Hotel : Puri Komodo Bintang (**), Komodo Ecolodge (***), Bintang Flores (****), Jayakarta (*****)
Komodo island is one of the most unique island in Indonesia or even in the world. There are two main destination for tourism, Komodo National Park and Pink Beach. Which each of this tourism destination gives it's own uniqueness that will impress everyone who comes there.
First, Komodo National Park. Established in 1980, initially the main purpose of the Park was to conserve the unique Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis) and its habitat. Komodo National Park includes three major islands: Komodo, Rinca and Padar, as well as numerous smaller islands creating a total surface area (marine and land) of 1817km (proposed extensions would bring the total surface area up to 2,321km2). The Park includes one of the richest marine environments including coral reefs, mangroves, seagrass beds, seamounts, and semi-enclosed bays, beside that, of course, the Komodo Dragon itself. Nowadays, Komodo National Park is known as one of the new7wonders.
Second, Pink Beach. One of seven beach that have pink sand. This Pink Beach is one of the famous tourist destination of Komodo Island. It's beautiful white red sandy beach, amazing underwater life, and stunning panorama surrounding area. The uniqueness of this beach is that the color of the beach sand. It's color is pink or 'merah' as the nickname that given by the local people.
3. Tiga warna Lake (Three Colours Lake)
Location : Central Flores Island of Indonesia.
Landmarks :
- Mountain : Mount Kelimutu
- Lake : Tiga warna lake
- History : Soekarno place of exile
- Hotel : Sea World Club Hotel and Villa Silverin Hotel
- Homestay : Moni Village
Tiga Warna Lake is located exactly in the summit of Mount Kelimutu. It's consist three lakes that have varying colors. Tiwu Ata Mbupu (Lake of Old People) is usually blue and is the westernmost of the three lakes. Tiwu Nuwa Muri Koo Fai (Lake of Young and Maidens) and Tiwu Ata Polo ( Lake of Evil People or Witch ) are separated by a shared crater wall and usually green and red color , respectively. The colors of each lake sometimes change to a different color. It's known as 7 wonders number 9 as many people thought that this tourist destination should be included as 7 wonders in the world.
Because it's short option of hotel, we recommend you to choose the homestay at Moni Village. It's cheap and the closest place to go to the lake. The other hotels are too far away from the tourist destination itself.
4. Borobudur Temple
Location : Approximately 40 kilometers northwest of Yogyakarta, located in an elevated area between two twin volcanoes, Sundoro-Sumbing and Merbabu-Merapi, and two rivers, the Progo and Elo.
Landmarks :
- History – Culture : Keraton Train Museum, Keraton Yogyakarta Museum, Yogyakarta Palace (Keraton), Gedhe Yogyakarta Mosque, Pawon Temple, Mendut Temple, Prambanan Temple.
- Mountain : Mount Merapi, Mount Merbabu,
- Hotel : The Riverside Jogja Hotel (*), Ndalem Padma Asri Guesthouse (**), Manohara (***), Rafles Villa (****) ,Jogja Plawang Boutique Villa (*****).
- Souvenir : Kotagede Silver Center, Borobudur Handicraft and Industry Center
Used to be know as one of the 7 wonders of the world, Borobudur was the biggest and the widest temple in the world before the Angkor Wat was finish constructed. After the Angkor Wat was full constructed, Candi Borobudur wasn't the widest temple anymore, but still, it's the biggest temple in the world. The monument comprise six square platforms topped by three circular platforms and is decorated with 2.672 relief panels and 504 buddha statues. A main dome located at the center of the top platform, is surrounded by 72 buddha statues seated inside perforated stupa. It describe us why it's called as the biggest temple in the world.
5. Jayawijaya Mountain (Carsten Summit)
Location : Papua New Guinea
Formerly known as the Orange Range, Jayawijaya Mountain is known as one of the tallest mountain in Asia-Australia-Oceania after Himalaya Mountain in Nepal and one of the most unique mountain in the world. Jayawijaya mountain is included in seven summit representing Australia continent based on geographic point of view that Jayawijaya mountain lies in the Australian continental shelf. Also, knowing it's peak closed by snow when the mountain located in tropic area is adding the uniqueness of the mountain. There are only three snow fields in the tropic area and Jayawijaya is one of it.
5 Summits in Jayawijaya Mountain :
- Carsten Summit
- Yamin Summit
- Idenberg Summit
- Mandala Summit
- Trikora Summit
6. Bunaken National Marine Park
Location : Northern tip of the Sulawesi. It belongs administratively to Manado.
Landmarks :
- Island : Manado Tua (Old Manado) Island
- Undersea : Bunaken National Marine Park
- Beach : Kalasey Beach.
- Art : Jesus Statue ( The biggest Jesus statue in Asia )
- Hotel : Formoso Hotel Manado (***), Santika Premiere Seaside Resort Manado (****), Novotel Manado Golf Resort and Convention Center (****), Gran Puri Manado Hotel (****).
One of the most beautiful undersea paradise in the world. It's located near the centre of the coral triangle, providing habitat to 390 species of coral as well as many fish, mollusc, marine mammal species, and reptile. A very rich coral ecosystem covers most of Bunaken National Marine Park, dominated by fringing reef and barrier reef corals.It's claimed that this park has seven times more genera of coral than Hawai, and more than 70% of all the known fish species of Indo-Western Pacific. Just imagine, how beautiful is it when we go diving into such an undersea paradise, with many beautiful and coloring coral, fish, and other kind of species. The seawater itself still clear and fresh, it just so blue. Come to this place and you will never regret it.
7. Raja Ampat
Location :
Off the northwest tip of bird's head peninsula on the island of New Guinea, in Indonesia's West Papua Province.
Hotel :
Hotel Maras Risen (**), The Luxio Hotel (**), Royal Memberamo (***), Raja Ampat Dive Lodge (***), Aston Niu Manokwari Hotel & Conference Center (***)
Facts about Raja Ampat :
- 75% all known coral species in the world.
- This area is home to 1,511 species of reef fish in the Bird's Head Seascape.
- 1,320 species of reef fish in Raja Ampat.
- 10 times the number of hard coral species found in the entire Caribbean.
- 27 species of endemic reef fish found only in that area
Raja Ampat is the number one in terms of underwater biodiversity. Similar like Bunaken National Marine Park, it's located right in the centre of coral triangle. According to Conservation International, marine survey suggest that the marine life diversity in Raja Ampat is the highest recorded in the earth.
While the landscape may look like a dream, but it's not an illusion. It's a real thing and that is the real paradise in the world. When you are diving, you will be awaited by the host, such as Tuna Fish, Barracuda, Snappers, and many other species with a big warmness from them to let you come to their home, beautiful coral. Just come to Raja Ampat, dive and feel the paradise.


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Lightroom 5 and a Slideshow with just one tune?
Is there any way to put more than one tune into a slide show? Having a tune controlling the speed or length of the S/S seems odd, unless one plays a complete symphony of course. Comments and opinions appreciated. Regards,
PS: all posts are just my opinion!
Am sure you can add more than one audio track in Lightroom.
No text.
Hi Johnhk, you might like to take a look at the following link. ADOBE COMMUNITY
Hope this works and is of some help. Albert.
+1, good link
Cut & paste music. PIA, but is the only way.
Thank you both for that link and recommendation. If it is a PTA maybe I will continue to move the completed product to Aperture and add the music there, that's easy enough. Thank you again. Regards,
|Douaumont Ossuary by Eric 54-BNF
from Armistice Day
|Silhouette at sunset by Jill Hancock
from Portrait Lens (around 80mm or equivalent - please check the full rules)


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The 10 Best Events Happening in Toronto this Month
Put these in your calendar ASAP!
Put these in your calendar ASAP!
This tequila story has a happy ending
These definitely are must-reads!
Looking for something cool to do this weekend?
The city is brimming with new options
Start working on your winter body!


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Baadshaho teaser: Ajay Devgn and his badass gang promise heavy action, watchBollywood | June 20, 2017 11:46 IST
In the teaser, we also get to see a glimpse of Sunny Leone romancing with Emraan.
In the teaser, we also get to see a glimpse of Sunny Leone romancing with Emraan.
The song is written and composed by Satinder Sartaaj himself who's an Indian singer, songwriter and composer.
Keshav, a village-boy wants desperately to get married. He finally meets the love of his life, Jaya and gets hitched to him. But even after marriage, he's rendered single. How?
What's going on between Victoria's secret, Justin Bieber and David Guetta?
The much awaited trailer of Salman Khan starrer Tubelight directed by Kabir Khan has finally released today. And boy oh boy, it looks interesting and intriguing all the way.
A tea seller from Rajasthan has come under Income Tax Department's radar for allegedly distributing Rs 1.05 crore as dowry for his six daughters at their April 5 wedding.
India's grand old party, which ruled the country for decades and has been out of power for over two years now, is faced with an acute cash crunch as it is finding it difficult to clear the dues of a neighbourhood chai-wala
It could have passed off as another rags to riches story of a tea and bhajiya seller from Gujarat making it big had it not been for demonetisation that stepped up Income Tax surveillance and a crackdown on ill-gotten money.
Bollywood megastar Amitabh Bachchan didn't react to Aishwarya Rai's 'Ae Dil Hai Mushkil' teaser because he hasn't seen it yet.
Megastar Chiranjeevi, who turned 61 on Monday, was presented with a special teaser from the makers of his upcoming project as a birthday gift.
The teaser of Salman Khan starrer 'Sultan' is released and it's outrightly gripping, power packed and mesmerizing.
'Sasural Simar Ka' makers tried to shamelessly copy the gorgeous 'Game Of Thrones.
Agra: PM Narendra Modi's journey from a tea seller in Gujarat to becoming Prime Minister of the country has inspired millions of Indians to believe that if one has a vision backed by undying spirit
New Delhi: Superstar Akshay Kumar has shared the teaser of his upcoming film "Airlift" along with his first look on the micro blogging site twitter. The movie is based on the biggest evacuation of Indians based
Los Angeles: It's not the case of just one photograph before the release of trailer anymore. Disney has released the first teaser of its much awaited film The Jungle Book. The teaser takes fans into
Sydney: The touring Indian cricketers and their home team counterparts were today hosted by Australian Prime Minister Tony Abbott for an afternoon tea at his official residence on the New Year's Day here today.Players from
New Delhi: The teaser of Amitabh Bachchan and Farhan Akhtar starrer 'Wazir' is finally out and it is definitely intriguing.Though the video doesn't reveal any details of the film's story line, but it keeps you
New Delhi: Seeking to draw parallels between India and the US, American Defence Secretary Chuck Hagel on Saturday said there are few places in the world other than the two democratic countries where a tea-seller's
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Do your research when renting a dumpster in Rowley
One of the most significant things to do when you are contemplating a building or remodeling project is to plan ahead. Part of that procedure will be researching your dumpster needs for the endeavor. Knowing ahead of time how in Rowley works will make things easier when you begin the procedure. You will locate most of the typical info you need online, but for information unique to your area, you may have to call your local company. Be sure to ask about any hidden or extra fees so you do not get stuck with a surprise bill.
One of the largest parts of your research will be determining the correct size container you should rent predicated on the size of the undertaking. This will be your biggest price, so be sure you get a size that's large enough to last for the entire endeavor. Other issues to research first comprise a possible location for the container, the sort of waste that you're throwing away and the amount of time you'll need the dumpster.
Reasons to Use a Flat Rate Service when Renting a Dumpster
Dumpster rental companies that charge flat rates are frequently the best options for contractors and home owners. When you use a business that bills a flat rate, you can anticipate at least two advantages.Avoid Hidden Charges
Paying a flat rate normally means that you get to avoid any hidden fees and charges. Companies that usually do not charge flat fees may include additional charges for basic services like dropping off the dumpster. Keep in your mind, however, that you still might need to pay extra if you wish to include specific things and materials in the dumpster.Prepare Your Payment in Advance
Having a flat rate also means you can prepare your payment in advance. This really is especially useful when you need someone else to make the payment for you. When you know the precise amount, you can compose a check ahead of time. Subsequently, anyone can pay the rental business when its driver drops off the dumpster.
Call Now! (978) 243-6738
Roll Off Dumpster vs. Dumpster Tote
Dumpster bags may offer an option to roll of dumpsters. Whether this option works well for you, though, will depend on your own job. Consider these pros and cons before you choose a disposal option that works for you.Roll Off Dumpsters
It's hard to overcome a roll off dumpster when you've got a large undertaking that'll create a great deal of debris. Most rental companies include dropping off and picking up the dumpster in the costs, so you can avoid additional fees. Roll off dumpsters normally have time restrictions because companies have to get them back for other customers. This is a possible downside if you're not great at meeting deadlines.Dumpster Totes
Dumpster bags are often suitable for small jobs with loose deadlines. If you don't desire lots of room for debris, then the bags could function well for you. Many businesses are also happy to let you maintain the bags for so long as you desire. That makes them useful for longer jobs.
Security Recommendations for Renting a Dumpster
Follow these recommendations to remain safe while using a rental dumpster.
1. Engage the back wheel locks when you park the dumpster on an incline. Even a small incline could cause it to roll.
2. Don't overfill the dumpster. Things should not stick out of the top opening.
3. Use care when opening the dumpster door, and make sure you lock it when you are done.
4. Wear safety gloves to guard your hands while loading debris.
5. A back support brace can help prevent injuries while taking heavy items to the dumpster.
6. Only let grownups near the dumpster.
7. Never put chemicals in the dumpster. As soon as they enter the landfill, they're able to leak out and contaminate your local ground water.
8. Ensure you have plenty of light when transferring debris to the dumpster. If your plan is to work at dusk, get a light that provides enough illumination.
Call Now! (978) 243-6738
40 yard dumpster dimensions
Renting a 40 yard dumpster can get you a container that holds about 40 cubic yards of waste. Dumpster sizes and dimensions are not absolutely conventional from company to company, but common measurements for a 40 yard container are 22 feet long by 8 feet wide by 8 feet high. This is the largest size that most dumpster businesses commonly rent, therefore it's ideal for big residential projects as well as for commercial and industrial use.
A 40 yard container will carry between 12 and 20 pickup truck loads of debris. Examples of the quantity of waste and debris which could fit in this container include:
- Waste from a window or siding replacement for a big house
- A commercial roof tear off A cleanout from a commercial or office building
- New construction or a major add-on to a substantial house
- Large amounts of demolition debris, paper, cardboard and junk
Dumpster Rental Companies Near Rowley
|Company Name
|William Reisner Corporation
|(978) 365-4585
|Cam's Demo & Disposal Inc
|(978) 694-8911
|J F Mc Namara & Sons Corporation
|(781) 344-9682
|Hi-Ho Containers Services & Metals
|(978) 263-8458
|Metropolitan Removal Co Inc
|(508) 376-8322
|Bolduc Sanitation & Excavation Inc.
|(508) 830-6740
|DiCicco Landscape & Irrigation
|(978) 646-0061
|Mc Connell Enterprises Inc
|(978) 768-6078
|Empire Recycling Llc
|(978) 670-7140
|J H Hankins Rubbish Removal
|(781) 674-9259
Our Service Area
Zip Codes in Rowley01969
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Dumpster Sizes Available Rowley
Get started in less than 60 seconds. Pick up the phone and get a quote now!
10 Yard
Great for small projects
- 12 feet long
- 8 feet wide
- 4 feet tall
20 Yard
For moderate sized cleanouts
- 22 feet long
- 8 feet wide
- 4.5 feet tall
30 Yard
All around good dumpster size
- 22 foot long
- 8 feet wide
- 6 feet tall
40 Yard
For the largest projects
- 22 foot long
- 8 feet wide
- 8 feet tall
*Dimensions & availability may vary by location. Call to confirm.
Thousands of satisfied customers
We take pride in providing our community with great prices and excellent customer service on dumpster rentals. Join thousands of others and get the dumpster you need, for the price you deserve!
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Posts tagged with Burgers
Meatless Monday recipe of the week: Mushroom-cheddar vegetarian burgers
If tonight is anything like Saturday and Sunday this past weekend, it'll be absolutely fantastic for sitting out on the deck/porch/patio/balcony with dinner and a drink.
These burgers provide a hearty meal that's just perfect for a relaxed outdoor setting. The mushrooms bring a heaviness to them that should satisfy any household meatlovers, while the cheddar, onion, carrot and garlic and thyme provide enough kerpow to keep them from being boring.
Add a side salad, steamed veggies or baked sweet potato for a great summer-almost-fall meal.
Mushroom-Cheddar Vegetarian Burgers
1/2 cup dried porcini mushrooms
1 cup boiling water
2 slices spelt sandwich bread
8 ounces baby bella mushrooms
2 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil, divided
1 small onion, diced
1 medium carrot, diced
2 cloves garlic, minced
1 teaspoon sea salt
1 teaspoon dried thyme
Freshly ground black pepper
1/3 cup Bhutanese red rice
6 slices reduced-fat cheddar cheese (about 1 ounce each)
In a small bowl, combine dried mushrooms and boiling water. Let stand 20 minutes until softened. Strain the mushrooms, saving the soaking liquid. Set aside. Finely chop mushrooms.
In a food processor, process bread until finely crumbed; set aside. Using the food processor again, coarsely chop the fresh mushrooms; set aside.
In a large saucepan, heat a tablespoon of the olive oil over medium heat. Add the onion, carrot and garlic and cook, stirring frequently, for 5 minutes or until onion is tender. Add fresh chopped mushrooms and reconstituted dried mushrooms along with salt, thyme, black pepper and rice. Turn heat to medium-high and stir for 3 minutes as the mushrooms give up their liquid. Add mushroom soaking liquid. Bring to a boil. Cover and reduce heat to low. Cook 50 to 55 minutes or until rice is tender and liquid has been absorbed. Stir in bread crumbs.
Transfer mixture to a bowl. Let cool to room temperature or until it is cool enough to handle.
In a large non-stick skillet, heat remaining tablespoon of olive oil over medium heat. Shape mushroom mixture into six patties. Cook 3 to 5 minutes per side over medium heat until crusty and heated through. Cook in batches if needed so as not to crowd the burgers. Just before serving, top burgers with cheddar cheese.
— Recipe from www.wholefoodsmarket.com
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Intimidation (also called cowing) is intentional behavior that "would cause a person of ordinary sensibilities" to fear injury or harm. It is not necessary to prove that the behavior was so violent as to cause terror or that the victim was actually frightened. Threat, criminal threatening (or threatening behavior) is the crime of ... emotional manipulation, verbal abuse, making someone feel lower than you, ...
A legal threat is a statement by a party that it intends to take legal action on another party, generally accompanied by a demand that the other party take an ...
What is threaten (verb)? threaten (verb) meaning, pronunciation and more by Macmillan Dictionary. ... threaten someone's life (=say that you will kill them):.
Don't you want to get through that faster and be in front of that line? Threatening someone else can reveal a very important part of social relationships: it is useful ...
Define threaten: to utter threats against; to give signs or warning of : portend; ... harm to (someone or something) : to be a threat to (someone or something) ...
1 [transitive] to say that you will cause trouble, hurt somebody, etc. if you do not get what you want threaten somebody They broke my windows and threatened ...
threaten meaning, definition, what is threaten: to say that you will cause someone harm ...: Learn more.
threat meaning, definition, what is threat: a statement in which you tell someone th...: Learn more.
Synonyms for threaten at Thesaurus.com with free online thesaurus, antonyms, and definitions. Dictionary and Word of the Day.


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American Flyer HO Reading Caboose Nice w/box
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This is a American Flyer HO Reading 516 Lighted caboose in Like New Condition. It is complete, nothing is broken or missing, the paint is nice and crisp. The interior light works. It has the diecast sprung trucks. All the steps are nice, both couplers work. The under frame is nice. The box is in Excellent condition and has both inner inserts. If you have any questions, please e-mail me. Shipping will be $7.50


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- Steven W. Hwang, Amer F. Samdani, +10 authors Randal R. Betz
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To determine the mid-term clinical and radiographic impact of pedicle screw fixation in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). A multicenter AIS database was retrospectively queried to identify 99 consecutive patients who underwent posterior spinal fusion using an all pedicle screw construct with a minimum of 5-year follow-up. Radiographic and… (More)
STUDY DESIGN Prospective controlled study analyzing the donor site morbidity after reconstruction of full thickness iliac crest defects, using autologous rib grafts. OBJECTIVE To compare the pain and cosmetic outcomes of patients with iliac crest reconstruction with those who have had no reconstruction of the iliac crest. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA… (More)
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India opens world cup with a great victory
The first match of India gave the team a comfortable.
To make matters better, the match was against Pakistan.
The match was much hyped due to the controversy that always existed between India and Pakistan. India scored 300 runs for 7 wickets in 50 overs.
However the fielding went really strong with India and the team managed to all out Pakistan at a score of 224 in 47 overs. This is a very comfortable win for India and will definitely boost the confidence.
Since India is the defending champion now, there would much more pressure on the team.
Umesh Yadav has taken two wickets after giving 50 runs and Mohammed Shami has taken the highest number of wickets by getting 4 for 35 runs.
Virat Kohli fueled the match with a century while Suresh Raina and Shikhar Dhawan scored 74 and 73 runs respectively.
Hopefully this will be the first of many victories to come for India.
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