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A pair of candleholders by F.L. Vombach, Germany, circa late 19th century.
Patinated metal.
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Patinated metal.
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Open and view contents of embroidery files.
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For Marcene Hedayati (Lic. RE Principal Broker/Owner) of William Raveis Legends Realty Group the story about how she came to acquire those titles in parentheses, has evolved over time. She had "retired herself out of retail," after owning seven franchise Benetton stores in and around Boston. She had a son and daughter to raise, and when she relocated to the Tarrytown area her realtor asked if she could work answering the phones in the office. "I fell in love with Real Estate and got my license shortly after that."Read more...
Located in Pocantico Hills, a short distance from its more famous neighbor, the Union Church, Church of the Magdalene is, nonetheless, as beautiful and special to its parishioners. "I have been a parishioner of the Church of the Magdalene for over 30 years and love being a member of this parish. We have a beautiful and unique church building and a real sense of community in the parish," according to Pat Smyth. "Church of the Magdalene is a great place to bring your family or even just yourself," says Jennifer Kelly, another parishioner.Read more...
Read more...
Westchester educators clearly are a savvy group. They grasp fully that true learning can never come from study and homework alone, but from first-hand experience. From trekking through a forest, collecting data or setting sail on the Hudson, writing to soldiers across the world, or playing – literally – with words, students in our schools discover lessons for themselves inside and outside classrooms. The teachers' hard work shows results in the growing numbers of students whose probing intellects and diligent work not only make us all proud, but carry the potential to make the world a better place for the future generations.
Read more...
Now through Saturday, November 25, the Tarrytown Music Hall will be partnering with the Food Bank for Westchester and hosting a food drive. Please join us once again, as we attempt to "FILL THE HOUSE!" with holiday grocery bags. Together we will fill the Music Hall with food, music and our wonderful community spirit, helping 1 in 5 of our Westchester neighbors share the tradition of a holiday meal.
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$150,000 can buy many things and according to Daniel Convissor, a Sleepy Hollow resident and community activist, it has produced a study with a NYC consulting firm entitled, "The Route 9 Active Transportation Conceptual Design Plan" [which] is bringing together residents, merchants and government officials with transportation professionals to figure out how to:
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Sandborn Awarded ASME Kos Ishii-Toshiba Award
Department of Mechanical Engineering Professor Peter Sandborn has been awarded the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) 2017 Kos Ishii-Toshiba Award. This award recognizes "sustained meritorious contributions to the research to support design, manufacturing and the life cycle management decisions in product development."
Sandborn currently serves as the Director of the Maryland Technology Enterprise Institute (MTech), and teaches within the A. James Clark School of Engineering Keystone Program. He is a fellow of ASME and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). Earlier this year, he published the second edition of his Cost Analysis of Electronic Systems.
The Kos Ishii-Toshiba Award is given by the ASME Design for Manufacturing and the Life Cycle (DFMLC) committee annually and was established in 2011. The award honors Kosuke "Kos" Ishii, a professor of mechanical engineering at Stanford University and director of the Manufacturing Modeling Laboratory there. Ishii was known for his dedication to teaching manufacturing design and his strong partnership with Toshiba, for which he and his father had worked. He passed away unexpectedly in 2009 at the age of 51.
Sandborn will be presented with the award at ASME's 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences (IDETC) in Cleveland, Ohio this August.
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UMD Researchers Work to Mitigate Water Scarcity Crisis with Solar-Powered Devices Made of Wood
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Translation in progress
Cuban painter graduated with a gold medal in 2002 in San Alejandro´s Fine Art Academy of Cuba. He was a teacher in painting in that Academy. I had a loan at Arteleku, San Sebastián, Spain. He studied in several engraving, lithography and serigraphy studios between 2004 and 2007. He took part of several masterclasses and lectures: `Caixa Forum, Peter Greenaway´, in 2009; "Contemporary Spanish art memorial" in Reina Sofía Museum, in 2011.
Días Sosa is a todays´ artist, extremely contemporary and cuban. His analysis method is related to central european vision from Kafka. The relationship between the human being and the State, the mass society, tantric efforts to build Babel towers that desmithicate the sky or the acceptation of death are some of this artist´s topics. Joseph Beuys and Anselm Kiefer were his first references from whom he took the freedom of gestures.
We're sorry but the artist doesn't currently have any exhibitions.
Follow Gustavo Díaz Sosa to receive a notification as soon as new exhibitions are added.


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$90.00 11 months ago
30gal Acrylic Aquarium - $90 (United States)
I have a 30 gal acrylic aquarium in good condition with new filter system and heater. It also includes a light, gravel, and a few accessories. Works for fresh or sea water systems. $90 obo
11 months ago
Upper Peninsula, MI


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National Political Opinion / Re: Donald Trump« Last post by fish on February 26, 2016, 09:26:30 PM »
Cruz is eligible. nobama has had a cloud over his eligibility his entire term. he could have settled the matter but wouldn't, I wonder why?. Pelosi didn't have him fill out the affidavit properly. it will all come out after he leaves office.


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This Tony Award-winning musical defies gravity!
Winner of 3 Tony Awards
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Every generation deserves its version of Beatlemania.
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This Canadian quartet are making headlines with their unique version of operatic pop
International superstar singing group, The Tenors have bolstered their popularity in recent years by performing in Las Vegas and during the Grey Cup broadcast.
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Light Up The Night Tour!
ABC's number one entertainment show is hitting the road once more this year! Featuring some of the show's most popular competitors, this live tour will include recreating the most memorable routines from...
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Seinfeld shows his peers how to be funny without being crass
He will always be unquestionably linked to his namesake series, but since finishing it in 1998, Jerry Seinfeld has kept extremely busy. In 2002 he starred as the subject of "Comedian", a behind-the-scenes...
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Join the 50th anniversary celebrations!
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The multi-talented musician tours in support of her brand new album, Turn Up The Quiet
Canadian jazz starlet Diana Krall embarks on a US tour in support of her new record, Turn Up The Quiet. The album marks the 12th studio release for the singer-songwriter, who has sold over six million...
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Lana Del Rey's LA to The Moon Tour 2018
Called a 'gangsta Nancy Sinatra', Del Rey fuses the elegance of a 1950s screen siren with streetwise charm and haunting, breathy trilling. 2017 will see her tour North America for her in support of her...
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From third class steerage to international celtic music stars!
Get ready to jig, polka and reel to Gaelic Storm, fine purveyors of traditional and innovative Celtic rock and folk! For over 15 years, they have brought their unfailing energy and humour to audiences...
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One of the nation's great storytellers.
Essayist, humorist and creator of The Prairie Home Companion, Garrison Keillor is one of America's most beloved radio personalities. This tour sees him taking to the stage in his famous red shoes to spin...
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A psychedelic homage to one of the greatest bands of the 20th century!
Laser Spectacular presents a psychedelic and electric tribute concert celebrating one of the greatest bands of the 20th century - Pink Floyd! In true 'Dark Side of the Moon' spirit, experience the music...
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Don't miss these globe-trotting super troupers!
Sweden has given the world many things in the past, none more so revered than that of ABBA. Conquering the world in the 1970's with their extra speicial brand of glitter covered disco and funky dance moves,...
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Famous for her razor-sharp wit and spontaneity
Appearing on stage with a stool, a microphone, and a can of Diet Pepsi, Paula Poundstone is famous for her razor-sharp wit and spontaneity. The Boston Globe said, "Poundstone improvises with a crowd like...
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Two legendary Motown groups - one extraordinary tour
When it comes to Motown legends, it doesn't get any bigger or any better than multi-platinum selling artists The Four Tops & The Temptations! Hitting the stage with their high energy pop and funk from...
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Under The Streetlamp are back for the holidays with Hip To The Holidays!
One of the country's most in-demand vocal groups, Under the Streetlamp are back on tour. The four boys first met while performing in the hit musical Jersey Boys, and decided to get together to pay tribute...
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PBS's animated animal show goes on tour
The Kratt Brothers are leaping off your TV screens and going on tour with their live stage show. The stars behind PBS' animated show Wild Kratts present a wildly entertaining live experience, featuring...
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One of the greatest songwriters in history!
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Robert Cray continues to tour his 4 Days of 40 Nights Live abum
A former opening act for Eric Clapton, Cray has played alongside John Lee Hooker and now has a pair of Fender Stratocaster guitars named after him. He has released a number of albums that have reached...
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Exuberant vintage jazz revivalists
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A constant force in show business for over 30 years
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There seems to be a little quirks with the different parts. First, a user will submit a from with a filefield. You need to check if there was sent a file, and if yes, get the file from this field. Do you use the GET or POST method with your form submit? Please refer to the PW vars $input->post->{...FIELDNAME...} or $input->get->{...FIELDNAME...}. Once you have your file / filename, you can attach it to the wiremail object. To check your process step by step, you may write some little prooflines into your script, like: $filename = $input->post->.... ; // get the file / filename from your form submission // now debug / check, if all went good for this step var_dump(is_file($filename)); // also possible PHP functions: is_readable($filename) die('DEBUG BREAK AT: ' . __FILE__ . ':' . __LINE__); If this is true, you can delete this debug lines from your script and sent the email with attachment to a testaccount first.
horst started following End-user Limitations — True or False?, is PHP really as bad as the internet makes out?, Make variables in _init.php available inside functions in _func.php and and 2 others
horst replied to SamC's topic in PubAnother question: Is PW a great peace of software? If yes, hmmm, - you know it's build in PHP. In short: there may be some better or less better programming languages regarding to use cases, and yes, there are also some points in PHP that are bad, like in other languages too. But all that doesn't take to much account in comparision with what a developer do with it. So, it depends on the developer to 90% and 10% on the programming language. just my 2 cents
horst replied to ryan's topic in Modules/PluginsHi @AndZyk, regarding Cron, please look here: This can handle all kind of PW things within a central cron config.
Ok, I may add a workaround to my own question: I have found out, that, for what ever reason, the largest variation never was fetched from the server !! ?? With my example form above, the largest variation fetched was the 1200x0. Then, with adding a 1801x0 to the list, the 1800x0 was fetched as largest. So, not sure why this behave is. Has anyone else seen this for bg-sets? Besides the workaround, it isn't useful to get the HDs filled up with (regularly) unnessecary large variations.
Maybe that my question is a bit OT. As the new modules version works perfect! My question is related to data-bgset. I want to show an image covering the whole vieport. Therefor I use a div with background image. The css for the div is: position: relative !important; display: block; height: 100vh; background-position: 50% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: cover; My list is defined like: 600x0, 1200x0, 1800x0 Related to the background-size: cover, I believe, I get always the image displayed what is one step to small from the list, because they get stretched by css, to cover the viewport. Can someone tell me how to solve this with MarkupSrcSet?
horst replied to SamC's topic in General SupportNo, I believe @BitPoet means you should add it as your custom/personal property to $config. Please don't overwrite the imageSizerOptions! // Global image options, different from default imageSizerOptions (!) $config->mySpecialImageOptions = array("upscaling" => true, 'cropping' => "center", "quality" => 90); If you overwrite the ImageSizerOptions with an array that does not include all key->value pairs, somewhere a kitten will die!! Or you do it with array_merge: $config->imageSizerOptions = array_merge($config->imageSizerOptions, array("upscaling" => true, 'cropping' => "center", "quality" => 90)); Then you always increment every key->value you don't want specifically change, (even future unknown ones, thinking on PW-Version-Upgrades!!)
horst replied to SamC's topic in General SupportIt is hirarchically ordered, highest first: $element->size() options are the highest, overrides all other individual ImageEngine-Settings, override all below them, if you have installed two or more engines, only the setting of the finally invoked engine is used site/config.php => $config->imageSizerOptions wire/config.php => $config->imageSizerOptions and last, but more theoretically, if all above would be missing, the hardcoded defaults of the module-file (php-class) would be used The higher override all lower
Another one: https://processwire.com/talk/topic/11047-best-way-of-organising-imported-data/?tab=comments#comment-104700
I try to find some snippets, but be on mobile. https://processwire.com/talk/topic/10798-how-to-import-table-of-data-into-processwire/?tab=comments#comment-101620
horst replied to Joss's topic in General SupportWith the diagnostics module(s) there is also one for (missing) server image feature detection.
horst replied to horst's topic in Modules/PluginsI know this behave. You need to save it 2 - 3 times during the switch process. I believe this has to do with pw core, not only that module.
horst replied to AVD's topic in General SupportWelcome to ProcessWire. Maybe, that the settings for fonts is not defined in a template file, but in a css, less or scss file. (Regarding to how your agency organized your site)
Hhm, sad. I send you a PM.
Hi @dreerr, sorry, this is a known limitation: The test is only functional for connections with authentication. But regardless of the failing test in this case, it should be possible to send mails without authentication. Hvae you tried it? Does it work?
horst replied to mike62's topic in Getting StartedNo, PW 2.3 is no insecure software. It's only missing some tons of new features. I'm also have some PW 2.3 versions running until now, (and don't see any reason to update them).


text:
Have you ever wondered why some families appear to be able to stay on top of their finances while others perpetually struggle to remain at or under budget? The answer is that households that fit the first description have probably made frugality part of their everyday lives. In contrast, many people only start becoming frugal when they are already in dire situations. Taking that approach leads to significant stress and causes individuals to make gigantic changes in short amounts of time.
It's not as difficult as you may imagine to save money in your home and make a meaningful overall impact on your finances. Before long, you'll create good habits and see that being frugal can come naturally.
Have a Family Meeting About Why You're Trying to Save Money
Many people don't like changes, and they are even more resistant to them if they don't understand the reasons for doing things differently. That's why it's so important to have a family meeting and talk about why it's necessary to make a conscious effort about saving money. Be open to answering any questions people bring up. Also, show you're willing to consider any suggestions given about how to get the household more excited about saving money.
It's also a good idea to give people in your home something to look forward to if they stick with the plan to save. For example, maybe you'll use some of the saved amount for a family trip.
Sign Up for Brand Newsletters and Loyalty Programs
Getting on the email lists offered by your favorite stores and brands is an ideal way to stay in the loop and know when those retailers or manufacturers are having special sales or other enticing offers. Some digital newsletters also have coupons and discount codes you can use immediately during your next shopping trip. Encourage other members of your family to also sign up on the email lists associated with the places they love to shop. The collective effect of using the savings offered in the digital realm could soon become evident.
Also, don't overlook loyalty programs. Usually, they reward you for doing your normal shopping trips. As you buy items, it's possible to earn points that are redeemable for free things or even get goodies immediately when you go to the checkout.tems
Periodically remind people in your household to take advantage of what's offered through loyalty programs. It may take a while to get in the habit if a person is not accustomed to doing that already, but a loyalty program is a way to get perks through methods that do not require participants to do very much to get rewarded.
Continually Investigate Whether You Are Paying Too Much
Many people automatically buy the things that offer them the most convenience and are available quickly. However, if you do that, it may cause you to unknowingly pay too much for the things you need to live life well and safely.
Take your insurance coverage, for example. If you have always bought premiums online, it may be difficult or impossible to confirm whether the rate you're paying is the lowest possible. Buying through the internet is undoubtedly efficient and simple, but the lack of face-to-face interactions may mean you're not adequately informed. Make a smart move and decide you'll buy your coverage in person by dealing with insurance agents locally.
During your meetings with them, ask about any applicable discounts, such as those that relate to a clean driving record or the fact that you get several types of insurance through a single company. Being proactive could allow you to enjoy discounts that you otherwise would not have known existed.
It should be clear from these suggestions that it is not prohibitively difficult to adopt a savings-oriented mindset in your household. Deciding to do so could be one of the best decisions you ever made.


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jul 17, 1990
|Filing date
|Feb 27, 1989
|Priority date
|Feb 27, 1989
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Michael Sheppard, Zhian Hedayati
|Original Assignee
|Anadrill, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (12), Referenced by (48), Classifications (21), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
ΔP=ρQ.sub.bit.sup.2 /(CA).sup.2
ΔP=ρQ.sub.bit.sup.2 /(CA).sup.2
FP.sub.i =R.sub.i Q.sub.i.sup.mi
P.sub.1 -P.sub.w =R.sub.a Q.sub.1.sup.m
P.sub.w -P.sub.2 =R.sub.b Q.sub.1.sup.m
R.sub.leak =P.sub.w /Q.sub.1 -Q.sub.2).sup.2
leak location=L.R.sub.a /R.sub.leak
Frequency=N* (N+1)* rpm/60.
During the drilling operation, drilling mud is pumped at high pressure through the interior of a drill pipe to and out through the nozzles of the bit and back to the surface exterior the pipe via the annulus between the drill string and the borehole wall. The purpose of this hydraulic system is multifold, including, cleaning the workface at the bit and carrying the drill cuttings back to the surface, lubricating and cooling the drill bit, stabilizing the borehole that is formed to prevent its collapse and providing a source of power to downhole equipment.
From time to time, a leak might develop between the interior and the exterior of the drill pipe to create a "short circuit" which reduces the effectiveness of the drilling fluid in performing its above listed functions. If such a leak goes undetected and is allowed to persist over time, the flow of the drilling fluid, which is typically loaded with solids, will erode or wash away enough of the material of the drill pipe at the location of the leak as to weaken the pipe to the point of separation (twist off). Lost pipe in the bottom of the well prevents further drilling of the well until such time as the separated portion is retrieved or "fished" from the well. Fishing operations are time consuming and expensive and not always successful. If unsuccessful, the well must be abandoned and a new well or a sidetrack begun. Regardless of the fate of the fishing operation, separated pipe represents a significant financial loss.
Another detrimental event that may occur is a flow restriction or blockage which also interferes with the effectiveness of the drilling fluid in flushing cuttings from the well bore, cleaning the workface, lubricating and cooling the drill bit, and providing a power source. Furthermore, a total blockage has been known to cause the hydraulic pressure in the drill string to rapidly increase with eventual rupture of the drill string or the standpipe which feeds the drilling fluid to the drill string at the earth's surface.
Thus it can be seen that leaks or blockages in the system can have serious consequences so that there is a serious need for effectively characterizing and monitoring the hydraulic system to detect and provide early warning of a leak (washout) or a blockage to allow the driller to act before the leak grows or the pressure increases, under the influence of the high pressure mud, to the degree at which the integrity of the drilling tubulars is jeopardized. It would also be advantageous if such characterizing and monitoring of the hydraulic system of the drilling operation were able to provide corrections to other downhole measurements affected by the hydraulics and to provide indications of operating efficiency of the equipment dependent on the utilization of the power provided by the circulating drilling fluid. It will be understood that there is significant utility in any means available to monitor the state and efficiency of downhole drilling motors which are driven by the flow of the drilling fluids.
The present invention is directed to the use of novel downhole measurements of pressure (and flow in certain circumstances) to monitor the entire hydraulic system which comprises the drill string and the bore hole. These measurements, in combination with certain surface measurements allow the detection of washouts or restrictions and provide a means of estimating the location and the severity of these events. The invention also includes monitoring the performance of a downhole motor and correcting measurements of downhole weight on bit for the effects of the pressure differential placed across the drill bit by the hydraulic system.
FIG. 1 shows a drilling system including the hydraulics system.
FIG. 2 is a schematic of a drilling hydraulics system without a washout.
FIG. 3 is a schematic of a drilling hydraulics system with a washout.
FIG. 4 is a plot of downhole pressure differential across the bit versus the downhole weight on bit.
Referring initially to FIG. 1, there is shown a typical rotary derrick comprising a mast 10 standing on the ground and equipped with lifting gear 14, on which is suspended a drill string 16 formed from pipes joined end to end and carrying at its lower end a drill bit 18 for drilling a borehole 20 in subsurface formations 50. An annular region, or annulus 21 exists between the drill string 16 and the borehole walls. Lifting gear 14 comprises a crown block 22, whose spindle is fixed to the top of the mast 10, a vertically mobile travelling block 24, to which is attached a hook 26. Cable 28 passes over blocks 22 and 24 and is wound on to the drum of a winch 36 whereby operation of the winch serves to cause traveling block 24 to rise and descend.
The drill string 16 can be suspended on hook 26 via an injection head 38 connected by a flexible hose 40 and standpipe 30 to a mud pump 42, which makes it possible to inject into the well 20, via hollow pipes of string 16, drilling fluid, usually called "mud", from a mud pit 34. Mud pit 34 receives mud returning from the well 20 via bell nipple 39 and flow return line 41. The rate of flow of the mud into the well is determined by a conventional pump stroke sensor 32 which senses the number of strokes that the pump 42 makes per minute, which information, in combination with knowledge of the volume displaced by each stroke of the pump 42, can be converted into the flow measurement, Q1. During drilling periods, the drill string 16 is rotated by means of the rotating table 46 via a square pipe or "kelly" 44 mounted at its upper end.
At the bottom end of the drill string, there are shown a plurality of downhole components, including a number of heavy drill collars 54 that make up a bottom hole assembly (BHA) 52. A special drill collar or collars 56, referred to herein as the MWD tool for measurement while drilling, is included in the BHA to carry a variety of sensors for the detection of a variety of downhole parameters relating to the drilling process and/or to the properties of the formation 50 being drilled. Typical of the measurements made by the MWD are downhole weight on bit (WOB), downhole torque (TOR), pressure, P, (from sensor 55) either on the interior or the exterior of the drill pipe, gamma ray, electrical resistivity and direction and inclination of the borehole. An additional and non-typical measurement may include a differential pressure measurement, ΔP, which may be provided by a sensor 57 of the type described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,805,449 issued Feb. 21, 1989, the disclosure of which is herein incorporated by reference. Alternatively, the differential pressure measurement may be obtained from two pressure sensors, one sensitive to the pressure internal to the drill pipe and one sensitive to the pressure external to the drill pipe. WOB 60 and TOR 61 transducers may be constructed in accordance with the invention described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,359,898 to Tanguy et al., which is also incorporated herein by reference.
The outputs of the MWD 56 are fed to a transmitter in the MWD portion of the BHA, as is, by now, well known in the industry, for generating modulated acoustic signals that are modulated in accordance with the MWD measurements. The signal is detected at the surface by a receiving pressure transducer 62 and processed by a processing means 64 to provide recordable data representative of the downhole measurements. Although an acoustic data transmission system is mentioned herein, other types of telemetry systems may be employed, provided they are capable of transmitting an intelligible signal from downhole to the surface during the drilling operation.
Also included in the MWD 56 is a module for generating power from the flowing drilling mud for the purpose of powering the downhole sensors and the downhole telemetry apparatus. U.S. reissue patent 30,055 discloses a typical arrangement in which the flowing drilling fluid turns a turbine which is directly connected to a generator/alternator set for generating electrical power. In such an arrangement, the alternator voltage may be monitored as an indication of the flow rate of the fluid flowing through the MWD tool 56. An alternative arrangement is to connect the turbine directly to a pump which pressurizes a downhole tool hydraulics system. With such a downhole hydraulics system, it is possible to generate electrical power by means of a fluidly driven generator but also to supply hydraulic power to other components such as the acoustic telemetry pulser. While the downhole hydraulics system has many advantages, one disadvantage is that a downhole drilling fluid flow signal, Q2, is no longer available from the alternator voltage so that other means for obtaining the downhole flow must be implemented, such as an rpm sensor which monitors the rpm of the turbine driven by the drilling fluid.
Turning now to FIG. 2, a general description of a model of the drilling hydraulics system will be made by way of a schematic of the drilling hydraulic system. By manipulation of pressure and flow measurements made at the surface and downhole, the hydraulic system can be fully characterized. The following discussion will make use of the effective pressures Pi which are defined to be the difference between the measured pressure and the hydrostatic pressure at each location. The hydrostatic component is readily calculated knowing the mud density and the true vertical depth of the MWD tool which may be obtained from survey data and depth measurements. Where differential pressures or pressure drops are discussed, the hydrostatic pressure is not a factor requiring consideration. At the surface, a measurement is made at the stand pipe pressure sensor 48 of the standpipe pressure P1. Also at the surface at the pump stroke sensor 32, a measurement indicative of the flow rate Q1 is determined. Lacking the pump stroke sensor, a flow rate may be obtained by a conventional flow meter. Relatively near the bit at the bottom of the drill string, below the resistive symbol labeled R1 which represents the resistance to flow posed by the interior of the drill string, a measurement is made by the tool 56 of the internal pressure P2 and the external pressure P3. As previously discussed, these measurements may be obtained from a pair of pressure sensors or from a single pressure sensor 55 in combination with a differential pressure sensor 57 of the type disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 07/126,645 filed Dec. 1, 1987. Clearly, P2 is smaller than P1 by an amount determined by the flow resistance R1. Also, the pressure differential (ΔP=P2 -P3) bridges a flow resistance constituting the portion of the BHA below the pressure differential measurement which comprises flow resistance contributions from the PDM (if there is one), the bit (primarily from the bit nozzles) and from the annulus below the pressure differential measurement. The downhole flow rate Q2 at this location is derived from the system pressure P1, or alternatively from a direct measurement of flow rate as previously mentioned. Finally, the flow resistance between the location of the downhole pressure measurements (55,57) and the surface, where the pressure is zero, is represented by R3. Typically R3 will be small, possibly negligible, compared to R1 inasmuch as the flow in the interior of the pipe tends to be turbulent with large flow resistance while the flow in the annulus 21 tends to be laminar with a small flow resistance.
A similar schematic representation may be constructed to illustrate the situation of a leak in the drill pipe, as has been done in FIG. 3. In that figure, the leak has been illustrated as appearing in the drill pipe above the BHA so that R1 has been split into two portions Ra and Rb. The pressure at the point of the leak is designated Pw while the flow resistance from the location of the leak to the surface through the annulus 21 (once again likely to be rather small) is designated as Rleak.
Lacking a downhole sensor of the drilling fluid flow rate, it is possible in an alternative technique to derive an indication of the downhole flow from the differential pressure measurement, ΔP, available from sensor 57. Without a downhole drilling motor in the drill string, the measurement of ΔP is dominated by the pressure drop across the bit nozzles. If the area of the nozzles, A, is known then ΔP is related to the downhole flow rate Q2 by
ΔP=ρQ.sub.2.sup.2 /(CA).sup.2 (1)
where ρ is the mud density and C is a nozzle flow factor normally taken to be 0.99. If A is known then equation (1) provides the flow rate through the bit directly. Where the bit nozzle area, A, is in question such as when a bit nozzle might have been lost, then equation (1) is unable to provide the proper bit flow rate. Thus it is important to have a means for determining when a change in the hydraulics of the system arises from the development of a leak above the bit, in which case equation (1) remains valid, or from a lost nozzle, in which case equation (1) would give improper answers.
In this respect, it has been discovered that monitoring the ratio of ΔP to Q1 2 (Q1 is the surface determined flow rate) is useful since the ratio is dependent both on the flow resistance through the bit as well as the flow resistance through a leak. The dynamics of the dependence is different, however, and serves to provide a logic for determining whether variations in the ratio are due to a leak in the drill string or to a lost bit nozzle. Drill string leaks tend to develop slowly over time while the loss of a bit nozzle occurs rather abruptly. Thus, if the ratio of ΔP to Q1 2 is monitored relative to time, one can distinguish between lost bit nozzle events and the development of a leak in the drill string. Upon reaching the conclusion that the change in the ratio is gradual rather than abrupt, one may then utilize equation 1 above to determine Q2 and then take the difference between Q1 and Q2 to obtain the flow rate through the leak. Such information is clearly valuable to the driller who is then provided with the type of quantitative information necessary for him to make intelligent decisions about how to proceed with the drilling process.
With reference to the schematic of FIG. 2, the full hydraulic system can be modelled in terms of a series of flow resistances where the pressure drop FPi across each resistance Ri is given by:
FP.sub.i =R.sub.i *Q.sub.i m.sub.i (2)
where Qi is the local flow rate and mi an exponent having a value between 1 (for laminar flows) and 2 (for turbulent flows).
The value of exponent, m, for the complete system is between 1 and 2 and may be determined by plotting P1 /Q1 m for a number of values of m at different flow rates. Since R remains constant, the proper exponent m is that exponent that produces least variation in R (or P1 /Q1 m) with variations in flow.
In the above example the normalization exponent for the entire system was obtained. Using the same approach and the differential pressure measurement it is possible to determine the flow regime and the corresponding exponent below the tool 56. Once the exponent m is determined for the whole system as well as below the differential pressure sensor 57, flow restrictions or washouts in the drill string may be detected as described below.
In FIG. 2, R1 represents the drill string and is linearly proportional to pipe length, where the constant of proportionality can be viewed as a (constant) fluid friction per unit length of pipe. R2 represents the bit nozzles (and PDM if present) and R3 represents the annulus which will also vary linearly with pipe depth. Notice that if the mud density is varied the resistances have to be corrected by multiplying each resistance by .sub.ρnew mud/.sub.ρold mud where ρ denotes the mud density.
From FIG. 2 it is clear that application of equation 2 determines each resistance and that so long as there are no blockages or leaks, the downhole and surface flow rates are equal. Any blockage or restriction, either in the drill pipe, bit or annulus, is identified by an increase in the resistance associated with that element. Any reduction in the resistance R2 is identifiable as a lost nozzle, or a seal (in PDM) or pipe washout below the differential pressure measurement 57. While drilling, the pressures and flow rates are monitored periodically and the values of each resistance calculated. While the values of R1 and R3 should increase with the pipe depth L the values of R1 /L and R3 /L (i.e. the fluid friction coefficients) should remain constant during trouble free drilling. Any increases in these terms can be interpreted as a blockage. Pipe blockage (a blocked screen for example), bit blockage and an annular blockage can all be distinguished one from another since R1, R2 and R3 are independently determined.
Pipe washouts above the location of the differential pressure sensor 57 are signaled by a lower downhole flow rate Q2 than surface flow rate Q1. These may be quantified in the following way. A pipe washout may be represented by a leakage resistance Rleak as shown in FIG. 3. This splits the resistance R1 into two parts Ra and Rb which represent the pipe resistance above and below the washout respectively. The internal pressure Pw at the site of the washout is unknown as is the leakage resistance Rleak giving four unknowns in total. We have, however, four equations, namely:
P.sub.1 -P.sub.w =R.sub.a *Q.sub.1.sup.m (3)
P.sub.w -P.sub.2 =R.sub.b *Q.sub.1.sup.m (4)
R.sub.1 =R.sub.a +R.sub.b (5)
R.sub.leak =P.sub.w /(Q.sub.1 -Q.sub.2).sup.n (6)
where n is the exponent for the leakage current and can be set to 2 in general. Notice in equation 6 it has been assumed that R3 << Ra, Rb, Rleak, R2. Solving equations 3-6 give, in particular, Ra, Rb, Rleak which determine the location of the washout (i.e. at a depth which is equal to Ra /Rleak * [total pipe length below the rotary table] and the severity of the washout (given by the magnitude of Rleak). In this way the combination of surface and downhole flows and pressures gives a complete description of the system hydraulics. Incipient washouts can be identified before there is a significant danger of parting the string and an estimate of the location of the washout can be made which saves time spent finding the damaged pipe joint in order to replace it.
One of the calculations made by the driller is the pressure drop across the bit while circulating. This is needed in the evaluation of cleaning at the bit and for estimates of pressure losses elsewhere in the system. The conventional way to do this is by using equation 1 (Bernoulli's equation), where the flow Q1 is determined from the pump stroke sensor 32. Tests have revealed, however, that when a plot of actual, measured pressure drop across the bit versus flow rate is made and compared to the expected range of pressure drops calculated by the driller, which assumes 100% pump efficiency and which follows the traditional method, the calculated pressure drops are overrestimated. This over estimation may arise from a postulated pressure recovery mechanism or from the fact that an estimated pump efficiency of 100% is over optimistic. Thus it is concluded that the better procedure for obtaining bit pressure drop is to use the downhole measurement of differential pressure with the result that questions regarding hydraulic pump efficiency and accuracy of pressure drop models are avoided.
As is known, the BHA may comprise a large number of different components arranged in a variety of different manners in order to produce a variety of different behaviors. For example, one objective to be achieved by the proper design of the BHA is the directional control of the course of the borehole. In furtherance of this objective, the BHA may include a downhole drilling motor 58 with or without a bent housing, a bent sub, full gauge or undergauge stabilizers and reamers etc. Of particular interest is a positive displacement motor, PDM, of the single or multi lobed type. As will be described below, monitoring of the flows and pressures of the drilling fluid may be taken advantage of by the present invention to advise the driller on the state and condition of the PDM. For example, leaks around the rotor portion of the PDM through failing seals or bearings may be detected as well as the relative efficiency of motor.
When a positive displacement motor (PDM) 58 is used as part of the BHA, the system hydraulics is affected. A PDM derives its power from the hydraulic force of the drilling fluid as it makes its way between the PDM's stator and rotor. As a result there is a pressure drop across the PDM proportional to the torque which the motor delivers. The PDM is normally positioned below the MWD, therefore the pressure drop across the motor is reflected in the differential pressure measurement of sensor 57. Since the PDM pressure drop constitutes a significant portion of the total pressure losses in the system, it is important to understand and model the PDM hydraulics.
In an ideal motor, with no leaks or friction, the rotational speed is proportional to the flow rate. In reality, however, there is always some leakage between the steel rotor and the elastomer seal covering the stator. During rotation the elastic seal suffers temporary deformation created by the successive impact of the rotor, and results in additional play and leakage. The amount of leakage depends on the pressure across the seals, as well as the wear state of the seals, and increases with increasing pressure. As the leakage flow increases, the volume of fluid available to turn the rotor is reduced, and consequently the rotation speed drops. For example, in a fixed lithology and at fixed total flow rate, Q1, if the weight on bit is increased the torque requirement at the bit will increase as well. To meet this higher torque requirement the pressure drop across the motor must increase, which in turn leads to a higher seal leakage and consequently a lower rotation speed.
The effect of wear of the elastomer seals may be illustrated by considering the following. While drilling in a fixed formation with a clean bit and at fixed weight, a particular torque is required to turn the bit; at a fixed flow rate this requires a certain pressure drop pi across the PDM. As the seals deform, there are increased pressure losses associated with the leakage and less hydraulic power is available to turn the rotor. To achieve the original torque a greater pressure drop p1 is required across the motor to make up for the pressure loss associated with the leaks. If the torque output of the motor is lower than that required to turn the bit, the rotation speed inevitably drops. Reducing the rotation speed leads to an increase in the pressure drop across the motor; the speed will drop until p1 is attained. Note that although the pressure has increased the total useful power output of the motor (equal to the product of torque and rotor rpm) has dropped, since the rpm is lower for the same torque output. The extra power has been used to drive the fluid through the seals. If the torque requirements at the bit become higher than the motor can deliver, a stall will occur: the motor rpm drops to zero and all the working fluid passes through the leaks.
The pressure drop across the motor 58 may be calculated from either the downhole or surface measurements of pressure and flow rate. The downhole measurement of differential pressure, as mentioned earlier, represents pressure losses below the differential pressure sensor 57 and includes losses across the bit nozzles and those across the PDM 58. Pressure losses across the motor, therefore, may be obtained by simply subtracting the bit pressure losses from the ΔP measurement:
Pmotor=ΔP-Pbit (7)
The bit pressure drop may be either calculated theoretically or measured more accurately from a determination of ΔP which is measured when the bit is raised off of the bottom of the borehole. The surface measurements may be used to calculate the motor pressure drop according to the following relations:
Pmotor=(P.sub.n -P.sub.n-off)* Q.sup.m (8)
where P represents the pressure loss in the whole system, Q is the total flow rate into the system and Pn is defined as being the ratio of P/Qm. Pn-off refers to the last recorded off-bottom value of P/Qm. While off-bottom, the motor is delivering minimal torque therefore the motor pressure drop is very small. The off-bottom value of Pn represents the hydraulic resistance of the whole system excluding the PDM resistance, whereas the on-bottom value of Pn includes the PDM hydraulic resistance. The Pn -Pn-off difference therefore represents the PDM hydraulic resistance alone and may be solved to give the pressure drop across the motor in physical units.
Because the optimum operating conditions for a PDM will vary as the motor seals wear, efficiency (or wear) calculations are of particular importance. Furthermore, sudden changes in efficiency may be interpreted as the occurrence of one of various events such as seal washouts, PDM bearing damage, etc. Continued operation of a PDM leads to wear in the elastomer seals and increasing leakage through those seals. With increased leakage, a larger pressure drop across the motor is required to deliver the same torque. Where a downhole torque measurement is made directly above the motor, 58, the torque measurement accurately represents the torque delivered by the motor. Therefore the ratio of delivered torque to pressure drop across the motor provides a measure of the wear state of the seals and consequently the PDM efficiency.
The ratio of downhole torque to PDM pressure drop may also be used to aid the detection of a variety of drilling events. For example a washout below the differential pressure measurement can be detected from changes in the system hydraulics, as described above. Such a washout may have originated in the rotor/stator seal, the PDM thrust bearing, or the bit nozzles. The torque/pressure ratio can be used to distinguish between the three. A leakage in the rotor/stator seal leading to a washout is detected as a gradual decrease in the torque/pressure ratio until both the torque measurement and the motor pressure drop vanish, because once the seal washes out the rotor will no longer be turning. A washout in the thrust bearings appears similar to a bit nozzle washout in that the pressure drop across the motor will decrease without affecting the delivered torque so that the torque/pressure ratio will as a result increase. Torque losses increase as the thrust bearings wear.
With each turn of the rotor of the PDM inside the stator, the flow of drilling fluid is partially blocked and pressure pulses are generated in the mud column. These pressure pusles are thus imposed on the differential pressure signal detected by sensor 57. Spectrum analysis of the ΔP measurement therefore determines this frequency and thus the motor speed. The frequency of these pulses is related to the motor rpm as:
Frequency=N* (N+1)* rpm/60 (9)
where N is the number of rotor lobes. The motor speed is a valuable diagnostic; in addition to clarifying the interpretation of the above events, the maximum power output of the motor may be directly identified as the point at which the product of the motor speed and the downhole torque is a maximum. Maintaining drilling procedures which yield maximum power will result in most efficient drilling.
The differential pressure, ΔP, also gives rise to a tensile stress acting at the strain gauges in the sensors that measure the downhole weight on bit. The effect of increasing ΔP is to reduce the downhole measured value of weight on bit. The magnitude of this stress is linear in ΔP with a proportionality coefficient equal to the effective internal flow area, A, in the region of the gauges. (This effective area takes account of the bit nozzles and flow through a PDM if present, internal pressure compensation etc.).
The coefficient of proportionality can be determined either by direct measurement of the tool internal geometry or by measurement of ΔP and WOB at different flow rates while the bit is off of the bottom of the borehole. FIG. 6 shows a plot of the measured WOB against the measured ΔP obtained while circulating off bottom at a range of flow rates with a BHA that included a PDM. The slope of the least squares fit to the points is 11.5 in2. This is in fact close to 11.65 in2 which is the measured internal area in the gauge region. In situations in which the PDM is excluded from the BHA, the nozzle area of the bit should be subtracted from the internal area.
Once the slope (A) of the least squared fit of the data points of FIG. 6 is determined from an off bottom test, the WOB measurement is zeroed off bottom at the prevailing flow rate. Then, when the well is being drilled, if ΔP is changed by an increment, e, a real time correction can be made for the effects of the pressure differential change on the WOB strain gauge sensors according to the following expression
DOB.sub.actual =WOB.sub.measured +eA. (10)
While preferred embodiments have been shown and described, various modifications and substitutions may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is to be understood that the present invention has been described by way of illustration and not limitation.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Oct 28, 1963
|Jun 13, 1967
|Mobil Oil Corp
|System and method for optimizing drilling operations
|Dec 6, 1967
|Jun 30, 1970
|Tenneco Oil Co
|Method and apparatus for measuring and controlling bottomhole differential pressure while drilling
|May 16, 1969
|Sep 20, 1971
|Automatic Drilling Mach
|Drilling rig control
|Jul 18, 1972
|Mar 26, 1974
|Mobil Oil Corp
|Method and apparatus for surface-to-downhole communication
|Jul 7, 1975
|Jul 6, 1976
|Mobil Oil Corporation
|Weight-on-drill-bit and torque-measuring apparatus
|Jun 30, 1978
|Feb 12, 1980
|Nl Industries, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for monitoring fluid flow through a drill string
|Nov 19, 1984
|Aug 19, 1986
|Texaco Inc.
|Method and system for detecting and identifying abnormal drilling conditions
|Sep 30, 1983
|Mar 3, 1987
|Teleco Oilfield Services Inc.
|Mud turbine tachometer
|Nov 22, 1985
|Apr 28, 1987
|Amoco Corporation
|Method and apparatus for controlling the rotational torque of a drill bit
|Dec 1, 1986
|Mar 22, 1988
|Teleco Oilfield Services Inc.
|Method and apparatus for borehole fluid influx detection
|Jan 14, 1987
|Apr 26, 1988
|Precision Well Logging, Inc.
|Method of automatically determining drilling fluid lag time while drilling a well
|Dec 1, 1987
|Feb 21, 1989
|Anadrill, Inc.
|Apparatus and method for measuring differential pressure while drilling
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Apr 23, 1992
|Jul 13, 1993
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Subsurface well apparatus
|Aug 20, 1997
|Dec 1, 1998
|Furukawa Co., Ltd.
|Drilling control apparatus of rock drill
|Mar 20, 1995
|Apr 25, 2000
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Subsurface well apparatus
|May 14, 1997
|Aug 15, 2000
|Applied Materials, Inc.
|Powered shield source for high density plasma
|Jun 26, 1998
|Jan 23, 2001
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Drilling systems with sensors for determining properties of drilling fluid downhole
|Aug 7, 2001
|Dec 9, 2003
|Schlumberger Technology Corporation
|Method for determining drilling fluid properties downhole during wellbore drilling
|Feb 14, 2003
|Mar 21, 2006
|Weatherford/Lamb, Inc.
|Acoustical telemetry
|Feb 18, 2005
|Aug 8, 2006
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Retrievable downhole flow meter
|Nov 4, 2009
|May 3, 2011
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Inverse venturi meter with insert capability
|Oct 13, 2008
|Jul 3, 2012
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Bit based formation evaluation using a gamma ray sensor
|Aug 26, 2008
|Aug 21, 2012
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Drill bit with weight and torque sensors and method of making a drill bit
|Jun 19, 2009
|Aug 21, 2012
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Apparatus and method for determining corrected weight-on-bit
|Nov 17, 2011
|Dec 29, 2015
|Schlumberger Technology Corporation
|Control of a component of a downhole tool
|Sep 15, 2009
|Jan 5, 2016
|Bp Corporation North America Inc.
|Method of determining borehole conditions from distributed measurement data
|Mar 25, 2013
|Jul 26, 2016
|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
|Multiple distributed force measurements
|Feb 4, 2005
|Sep 13, 2016
|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
|Multiple distributed pressure measurements
|May 28, 2013
|Sep 13, 2016
|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
|Multiple distributed pressure measurements
|Dec 13, 2011
|Nov 15, 2016
|Schlumberger Technology Corporation
|Measuring speed of rotation of a downhole motor
|Dec 13, 2011
|Feb 21, 2017
|Schlumberger Technology Corporation
|Optimized drilling
|Oct 11, 2012
|Jun 20, 2017
|Shell Oil Company
|Methods and systems for picking up a drill bit
|Dec 13, 2011
|Oct 24, 2017
|Schlumberger Technology Corporation
|Drilling optimization with a downhole motor
|May 13, 2003
|Nov 13, 2003
|Fadhel Rezgui
|Method and device for determining the nature of a formation at the head of drilling tool
|Feb 14, 2003
|Aug 19, 2004
|Hammond Blake Thomas
|Acoustical telemetry
|Feb 18, 2005
|Aug 25, 2005
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Retrievable downhole flow meter
|Feb 4, 2005
|Sep 8, 2005
|Gleitman Daniel D.
|Multiple distributed pressure measurements
|Aug 26, 2008
|Mar 4, 2010
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Drill Bit With Weight And Torque Sensors
|Sep 15, 2009
|Mar 18, 2010
|Bp Corporation North America Inc.
|Method of determining borehole conditions from distributed measurement data
|Oct 13, 2008
|Apr 15, 2010
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Bit Based Formation Evaluation Using A Gamma Ray Sensor
|Dec 22, 2009
|Jul 1, 2010
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Drill Bits With a Fluid Cushion For Reduced Friction and Methods of Making and Using Same
|Jun 19, 2009
|Dec 23, 2010
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Apparatus and Method for Determining Corrected Weight-On-Bit
|Nov 4, 2009
|May 5, 2011
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Inverse venturi meter with insert capability
|Nov 17, 2011
|Jun 21, 2012
|Albert Hoefel
|Control of a Component of a Downhole Tool
|Oct 11, 2012
|Oct 24, 2013
|Shell Oil Company
|Methods and systems for drilling
|Mar 7, 2014
|Feb 18, 2016
|Dynomax Drilling Tools Inc.
|Downhole motor
|Dec 19, 2012
|Apr 3, 2013
|Method for measuring gas pressure of coal seam by casing high-pressure hole sealing method
|Apr 27, 1993
|Dec 1, 1993
|Sedco Forex Technology Inc.
|Method for detecting drillstring washouts
|Mar 1, 2005
|Dec 27, 2006
|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
|Multiple distributed pressure measurements
|Mar 1, 2005
|Aug 10, 2011
|Halliburton Energy Serv Inc
|Multiple distributed pressure measurements
|Jun 20, 2013
|Jul 27, 2016
|Services P�troliers Schlumberger
|Detecting a drill string washout event
|Jun 26, 1998
|Apr 15, 1999
|Baker Hughes Inc
|Drilling system with sensors for determining properties of drilling fluid downhole
|Mar 1, 2005
|Oct 6, 2005
|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
|Multiple distributed pressure measurements
|Feb 11, 2009
|Aug 20, 2009
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Downhole washout detection system and method
|Feb 11, 2009
|Dec 3, 2009
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Downhole washout detection system and method
|Feb 19, 2009
|Aug 27, 2009
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Downhole local mud weight measurement near bit
|Feb 19, 2009
|Oct 15, 2009
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Downhole local mud weight measurement near bit
|Sep 15, 2009
|Mar 18, 2010
|Bp Corporation North America Inc.
|Method of determining borehole conditions from distributed measurement data
|Sep 15, 2009
|May 6, 2010
|Bp Corporation North America Inc.
|Method of determining borehole conditions from distributed measurement data
|Jun 20, 2013
|Dec 27, 2013
|Schlumberger Canada Limited
|Detecting a drill string washout event
|U.S. Classification
|175/48, 73/152.48, 73/152.21, 340/606
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Feb 27, 1989
Owner name: ANADRILL, INC., TEXAS
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:SHEPPARD, MICHAEL;HEDAYATI, ZHIAN;REEL/FRAME:005049/0844
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480 views, 1.3 views per day, 364 days on eBay. Super high amount of views. Good amount sold, 4 Sold, 16 Available.
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text: [Effect of a preoperative separation of platelets on the postoperative blood loss subsequent to extracorporeal circulation in open heart surgery (author's transl)].Henning Harke, D Tanger, S Fürst-Denzer, C Paoachrysanthou, Anne BernhardDer Anaesthesist1977After operations with extracorporeal circulation there is a risk of clotting disorders, due to traumatisation of blood. The extent of cell damage are shown, in particular, by qualitative and quantitative impairment of platelet function. The clinical application of modern blood processors offer the possibility of selecting platelets from patients blood in… (More)


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Your Website and Google's New RankBrain
Google has added something new. They've added what they call RankBrain to their method of determining the ranking any site, including yours,has. It may help to remember that Google has used algorithms or a particular, and in this case, ever-evolving set of computer based rules. Now they're adding a "machine-learning, artificial intelligence system." And that's what's been named "RankBrain."
What is machine learning?If you ask Google to "define machine learning" you get, in part, this answer from http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/machine-learning:
Machine learning is a type of artificial intelligence (AI) that provides computers with the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed. Machine learning focuses on the development of computer programs that can teach themselves to grow and change when exposed to new data.That's right. Technology is now at the place where computers (machines) can actually be programmed to learn. In terms of Google's search technology, RankBrain is a part of their search algorithm – currently named "Hummingbird."
What you need to knowAccording to Google, "Focus on the user and all else will follow." That's their goal for themselves. They want users to get the 'best possible results' from their searches. When you search for whatever you want to know or find, Google's goal is to deliver exactly that. If you've been online for long you've probably seen how Google has improved. You can type in a fairly long sentence asking for what you want and usually get it. That wasn't true in the beginning. Google, which is still the number one search engine by far, has always suggested that the people who write web pages – you in other words – concentrate on delivering what your reader wants rather than trying to guess what will bring your content to the top of any given search term. While SEO (search engine optimization) and links are still a factor, it's harder and harder to spoof Google to get good ranking. Write your property descriptions, your blog posts, and your articles with the reader in mind, not search engine ranking. Then go back and see if you can add some search terms that are actually helpful For example, supposing you have a 3 bedroom condo to sell in Grass Valley, California. You want the buyer who is looking for a 3 bedroom condo in Grass Valley, California to be able to find your listing. In this oversimplified case your keywords and phrases are probably:
- 3 bedroom condo in Grass Valley California
- 3 bedroom condo
- Homes for sale in Grass Valley, CA


text:
"For most ASEAN leaders, Duterte represents a throwback to an uglier and more brutal form of Asian state, which taints ASEAN efforts to market itself as an increasingly progressive, modernizing trade block with a focus on trade data, rather than daily police-killing body counts," said Phelim Kine of New York-based Human Rights Watch.
Asian club replete with strongmen welcomes 'Duterte Harry' →
Local governments usually have to fill in, but this opens the door for collusion, he said.
In China, workplace deaths a small cost →


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Kukla's Korner Hockey
CBC Not Happy With Schedule
by Paul on 04/10/07 at 06:41 AM ET
Comments (0)
from the Toronto Star,
In fact, thanks to the NHL first-round schedule hammered out Sunday night, the CBC will get only one Saturday night game involving a Canadian team, and only if the series between the Vancouver Canucks and Dallas Stars goes six games.
Hockey Night In Canada becomes Hockey Not In Canada.
Needless to say, the CBC is not amused.
"We asked in the strongest possible way for Ottawa to be showcased on a Saturday night," said CBC Sports executive director Scott Moore. "We were disappointed that the league decided not to give it to us.
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The All-Ireland winner who retired at 25 after eight concussions - 'It's not about me, it's about the issue'23 hours ago 40,226 3#SPEAKING OUT
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Last night's debacle is only the tip of the iceberg when it comes to Irish football's problemsNov 15th 2017, 7:55 AM 39,853 104#OPINION
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The Irishman who was 'better than George Best' and other little-known storiesNov 12th 2017, 9:30 PM 28,244 10#GREEN SHOOTS
Room for improvement, but Ireland's demolition of 'Boks leaves huge ground for optimismNov 12th 2017, 1:18 PM 19,937 38#MOVING IN THE RIGHT DIRECTION
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'I actually think we are the more physical side': Schmeichel unconcerned by Irish toughnessNov 9th 2017, 8:26 PM 24,408 40#HEAD TENNIS
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'The emotion on show by Mícheál and his father seems to have really struck with people'Sep 5th 2017, 4:57 PM 37,036 18#THROUGH THE LENS


text:
Buccaneers Insider, We can get better.
Insider goes one-on-one with LB Mason Foster, who had a fine start to his second NFL season on Friday night in Miami as the Bucs' defense pitched a first-half shutout.
Week 12
Buccaneers at Falcons
11/26 1:00 pm ET
Week 13
Buccaneers at Packers
12/3 1:00 pm ET
Week 14
Buccaneers vs. Lions
12/10 1:00 pm ET
Week 15
Buccaneers vs. Falcons
12/18 8:30 pm ET
Week 16
Buccaneers at Panthers
12/24 1:00 pm ET
Week 17
Buccaneers vs. Saints
12/31 1:00 pm ET


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Choose your room
Astra Hotel Ferrara 4*
Wi-Fi/Wireless LAN
Parking (fee required)
24-Hour Front Desk
Swimming Pool
Indoor Swimming Pool
Sports activities
Tennis Court
Golf course
Breakfast in the Room
Meeting facilities
Meeting room
No Smoking
Non-Smoking Rooms
Set in the heart of Ferrara, the elegant Astra Hotel provides comfortable rooms. The building was renovated in 1994.
The hotel boasts central location in 5 minutes walking distance from Castle Estense. Astra Hotel is within about 10 minutes' walk of the center of Ferrara.
Placed near bars and restaurants, the hotel offers a golf course, a swimming pool and a shared lounge for on-site relaxation.
This property has 69 guestrooms including superior twin room for single use, deluxe twin room for single use and standard twin room for single use appointed with IDD phone, a personal computer, a laptop safe, complimentary Wi-Fi and a work desk. They provide bathrooms with towels, a hairdryer and a shower.
Guests will enjoy local dishes served at the club restaurant.
Astra Hotel can be reached in 45 minutes by car from Guglielmo Marconi airport.
There are bicycle rental services on site.
Hotel Policy
- Children and extra beds
- Maximum capacity of extra beds in a room is 1.
- Parking (fee required)
- Wi-Fi in public areas
- Air conditioning in public areas
- 24-Hour Front Desk
- Non-Smoking Rooms
- Allergy-free rooms
- Soundproofed Rooms
- Family Rooms
- Rooms/Facilities for Disabled
- Children welcome
- Safety Deposit Box
- Business Center
- Microphone
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- Elevator
- Television in lobby
- Multilingual Staff
- Credit Card Accepted
- Public areas with access for disabled
- Pets Allowed
Food & Drinks
- Dinner
- Coffee/tea in lobby
- Restaurant
- Dining room
- Snack Bar
- Children's menu
Leisure & Activities
- Indoor Swimming Pool
- Spa center
- Tennis Court
- Sauna
- Golf course
- Cycling
- Paid Shuttle Service
- VIP Room Facilities
- Breakfast in the Room
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Meeting/Banquet Facilities
- Wedding Services
- Business services
- Computer Rental
- Fax/Photocopying
- Newspaper service
- Bellboy
- Shops/Commercial Services
- Bicycle Rental
- Self-service laundry
- Dry Cleaning
- Ironing Service
Room Amenities
- In room air conditioning
- Dressing area
- Sitting Area
- In-room safe
- In-room desk
- Rollaway Beds
- Wardrobe
- Mini-Bar
- Tea & Coffee Facilities
- Direct dial telephone
- Bathroom with bath or shower
- Bidet
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- Paid cribs/baby cots (on request)
AmenitiesShow All
- Parking (fee required)
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text:
Senior Rewrite Editor for NHL.com
@FrankGiase — 474 followers, 913 tweets
RT @NHL: The most priceless reaction. https://www.nhl.com/news/three-year-old-excited-to-meet-hero-pekka-rinne-of-predators/c-291897734
RIP Clay Berling. @socceramerica gave me my first job in the business, covering NJ Americans of ASL when I was in college. #grateful
RT @GlennCrooks: #NERevs official-Jay Heaps, a part of the club for 15 of its 22 yrs as player & coach, dismissed - Ton Soehn interim for r…
RT @AP_Sports: Anthony Rizzo became the first left-handed 3B for the Cubs since the 1800s. @apjoekay http://apne.ws/TurAcgl
Always loved covering games at RFK. Tremendous baseball, football history as well. https://twitter.com/petkemike/status/896490196887248896


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Search Results for 'Composer'
87 results found.
Dx2 - a double-bill of dance duets
DX2, A double bill of duets from the award winning Dylan Quinn Dance Theatre, and acclaimed dancers Laura Murphy and Rob Heaslip, will be performed in Galway as part of a national tour.
'I just committed straight away to the piano'
SHE HAS played the piano dangling high from a crane in Sãu Paolo; she has played it while being pulled by a car past the canals of Amsterdam; but never let these distract from the fact that Daria van den Bercken is one of the most outstanding young classical pianists at work today.
Hayes and Cahill are coming to Castlebar
The supremely talented traditional duo of Martin Hayes and Dennis Cahill perform at the Linenhall Arts Centre in Castlebar on Monday, November 13, at 8pm. Martin Hayes is regarded as one of the most extraordinary talents to emerge in the world of Irish traditional music.
Great November lineup at Tuar Ard
Tuar Ard Arts Centre in Moate has a great lineup of entertainment scheduled for November.
Gould Piano Trio to play NUIG
SINCE WINNING first prize at both Florence's Premio Vittorio Gui and the Melbourne Chamber Music Competition, the Gould Piano Trio has firmly asserted itself as one of the most outstanding piano trios of today and this year is marking its 25th anniversary.
Galway Music Residency announces five-year partnership with NUI Galway
The Galway Music Residency has announced a five-year partnership with NUI Galway, with the university becoming its education partner. The partnership will give Galway Music Residency an important role in the provision of expertise in the field of music to staff and students at the university, through collaboration on academic programmes and performances.
Esker Festival Orchestra - two Galway shows
MUSIC BY Mahler and Tchaikovsky, and the world premiere of new work by young Irish composer Christopher Moriarty, will be performed by the Esker Festival Orchestra at two shows in Galway this month.
El-Funoun - acclaimed Palestinian dance troupe visit Galway
THE INTERNATIONALLY acclaimed El-Funoun Palestinian Popular Dance Troupe is coming to Galway for a two week residency which will culminate in a public performance of two of their works at NUI Galway.
Trad On The Prom
TRAD ON The Prom, celebrating Irish music, dance, and song, begins the final leg of its 2017 run, starting Sunday, August 13, at Leisureland, Salthill, and continuing until September 28.
Heinrich Böll Association presents wonderful evening of music and talk
The Achill Heinrich Böll Association presents a reading from In My Own Light by composer Raymond Deane, followed by a concert featuring two of his important compositions on Saturday, August 12 at 8pm in St Thomas's Church, Dugort, Achill Island. Booking is advised. Tickets are available on Achill Island and online at www.boll100.ie/summer-concert-2017.


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Well bred and well mannered filly. She is a big, stout girl that loves attention. Sire is blue roan tobiano: Diaman H Straits Boon by Colored Me Blue…$2,250
Foaled 5/1/16. Dun It Smugglin Chex is a very nice AQHA colt. He is also foundation bred. Excellent breeding. He has potential to do anything! He will…$2,500
Boon Doc Gunner is a very nice filly by Gunner On Ice ( LTE $28k+) by The legendary Gunner. Her dam is by Dualin Gun (Dual Pep x Miss Silver Pistol) and…$7,500
We have several nice stallion (homozygous tobiano +) prospects available this year. A couple are buckskin, a couple are grulla, a couple are black, and…$3,000
Great cow horse breeding on this athletic guy. He's well mannered, and well cared for. Quiet and easy to be around. Friendly. Take a look at his sire…$1,750
Good looking, well mannered young gelding. Straight, sound and correct. Easy to be around, and he has an easy going attitude. He shouldn't be hard…$1,850
DOC N VANZI aka Cleo AQHA 2013 Grey Gelding ready for the next step. Amazing Bloodlines with DASH FOR CASH who has earned him $507,688 during his career…No Price Listed
Stud prospect. This guy has the conformation, pedigree, color and disposition to become your next stallion prospect. Price will be reduced by $500 if…$3,000