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S.Velu Pillai, J.
1. By this petition under Article 226 of the Constitution, the petitioner challenges the validity of Ext. P-6, an order dated 24-1-1959, passed by the respondent, the Government of the State of Kerala removing him from service as a Sub-Inspector of Police. A petition of complaint against him for alleged misconduct, was presented to the then Minister for Law by one Radhamma, upon which, pending enquiry, he was suspended from service on 17-2-1958. Preliminary enquiries having been made thereon, Government ordered, by notification dated 7-3-1958. 'a detailed departmental enquiry under the Kerala Civil Service (Classification Control and Appeal) Rules, 1957', which may be referred to hereafter as the Kerala Rules, to be held on the complaint for 'indecent behaviour and misconduct' on his part, and committed the enquiry to the Enquiry Commissioner and Special Judge who may he referred to hereafter as the Commissioner. Upon the complaint, the Commissioner framed a charge against the petitioner, the substance of which was, that after ascertaining that Radhamma's husband was not at home on the evening of 7-2-1958, he entered her house on the pretext of questioning her on a matter pending before him in his official capacity, although she had been questioned previously, directed her brother who was in the house to remain in the verandah, entered the kitchen, talked indecently to her, touched her person, and when she was trying to escape, caught hold of her and restrained her and promised to put an end to her troubles if she acted as desired by him, and that he behaved in this manner with the intention of outraging her modesty.
The Commissioner issued summons, Ext. P-1 with the charge appended, to the petitioner, who filed his written statement of defence, and after enquiry, submitted to Government a report, Ext. P-2, dated 12-5-1958, holding 'the charge or misconduct' to be proved, and suggesting the petitioner's 'reversion to his next lower post for a particular period as contemplated by Rule 9 (iv)' of the Kerala Rules, as a suitable punishment. It is seen from the file of papers furnished to me by the learned Government Pleader, that by letter dated 29-7-1958, Government sought the opinion of the Public Service Commission, stating, that in their view, dismissal from service would be the proper punishment. By Ext. P-7, reply, dated 12-9-1958, the Public Service Commission agreed with the view of Government as to the punishment, upon which Ext. P-3, notice with a copy of Ext. P-2 appended was issued by Government on 11-10-1958, to the petitioner to show cause against the proposed punishment.
The petitioner submitted his reply Ext. P-4, upon which, suggesting that the punishment may be reduced to one of removal from service, Government again addressed the Public Service Commission on 26-12-1958, for its opinion, and the latter concurred in the modification proposed. Accordingly, the impugned order, Ext. P-6, was passed and on 21-2-1959 the Inspector-General of Police (General) intimated the petitioner by Ext. P-5, that he was removed from service with effect from 17-2-1958, the date on which he was suspended from service. The main contentions on behalf of the petitioner are three-fold, first that he was not afforded reasonable opportunity within the meaning of Article 311(2) of the Constitution of showing cause against his removal from service, second, that on receipt of the Commissioner's report Government did not come to any finding as to his guilt, and third, that whatever conclusion Government arrived at had been induced by the Public Service Commission.
2. The first of the above contentions was really based on non-compliance with the provisions in Rule 17(2), of paragraph 1 of the Kerala Rules, which may be extracted below:
Rule 17(2). 'In every case where it is proposed to impose on the member of a service any of the penalties specified in items (iv), (vii), (viii) and (ix) of Rule 9, the grounds on which it is proposed to take action shall be reduced to the form of a definite charge or charges which shall be communicated to the person charged together with a statement of the allegations on which each charge is based and of any other circumstances, which it is proposed to take into consideration in passing orders on the case. He shall be required within a reasonable time to nut in a written statement of his defence and to state whether he desires an oral inquiry or only to be heard in person. It he so desires or if the authority concerned so directs an inquiry shall be held.'
In the context of Article 311(1) of the Constitution which forbids removal of a civil servant from service by way of punishment 'by an authority subordinate to that by which he was appointed' it seems reasonable to construe the provision in paragraph 1 of Rule 17(2) as implying that it is the same authority that can initiate and pursue the steps enjoined by it. This rule was to construed by a learned Judge of this court in Itticheria v. State, 1959 Ker LT 141, and with respect, I agree with him. Under it, the written statement of defence by the civil servant, in answer to the charges against him which have been communicated to him has to be put in before that authority, which may then order an enquiry, if it considers necessary so to do, or if so desired by the civil servant.
As explained by the Andhra High Court in State of Andhra Pradesh v. Kameswara Rao, (S) AIR 1957 Andh Pra 794, one of the objects intended to be served by the above provision, is to enable the authority to exonerate the civil servant, even at that preliminary stage, if on a perusal of his statement of defence the authority feels that there is no case for an enquiry, or to limit the scope of the enquiry, if any, to be held. The violation of the rule complained of by the petitioner consisted in the committal of the enquiry, and in the appointment under Rule 17(3) of the Kerala Rules, of the Commissioner to hold the enquiry, before complying with the formalities and the procedure prescribed by paragraph 1 of Rule 17(2), and upon the mere receipt of the complaint, though perhaps after an antecedent investigation into it, by one of the departmental servants. On the true construction or the above provision, it has to be held, that there was a violation of it in the manner complained of
It was also contended on behalf of the petitioner, that by committing the enquiry in the above manner. Government virtually delegated their duty to frame charges against the petitioner, to the Commissioner which could not be done under law. 1959 Ker LT 141 is an authority in support of the petitioner also on this point, but on this, I cannot find my way to go the same length with it. In that case, the order committing the enquiry and the order appointing a tribunal to hold the enquiry, were quashed on both these grounds. It may be, that this court would interfere under Article 226, when a plain violation or broach of a statutory rule is brought to its notice, at a very preliminary stage, when the irregularity can be set right by timely interference. But the question which arises here is different and is whether a breach of the provision in Rule 17 (2), paragraph 1, irrespective of any prejudice resulting from it is per se a legal and a justifiable ground, for setting aside an order of removal of a civil servant from service. 1959 Ker LT 141 has not decided this question; but Gopinathan Nair v. State, 1959 Ker L. T. 961: (AIR 1960 Kerala 63) has held, that non-compliance with the same provision by the punishing authority, by its omission to frame the charge, and by leaving it to the enquiring officer to do so, is no ground to invalidate the final order 'so long as there has been a fair enquiry as envisaged by Article 311'. But these observations were contended to be obiter as the order of dismissal of the servant was quashed in that case on a different ground. It must be stated, as indicated above, that the learned counsel for the petitioner was not prepared to put his case on any prejudice having resulted to the petitioner from a violation of the provision in question, but he contended for the broad proposition, that in law a violation of the procedure prescribed by paragraph 1 of Rule 17 (2) by itself amounts to a denial of 'reasonable opportunity' guaranteed by Article 311(2).
3. Article 310 enunciates the doctrine of 'pleasure' if it may be so described, as regards the tenure or the termination of service of a civil servant and corresponds to the English doctrine that all public officers and servants of the Crown hold their appointments at the 'pleasure' of the Crown, The expression 'during the pleasure as it occurs in that Article is no term of art, but has certain legal implications, such as, that the service of the civil servant is terminable at any time, that damages cannot be awarded to him as for wrongful dismissal, and that arrears of pay cannot be recovered by him, should the order of dismissal be declared to be void. The doctrine has been interpreted by the Supreme Court in State of Bihar v. Abdul Majid, AIR 1954 SC 245 at 250, to mean 'that the tenure of office of a civil servant, except where it is otherwise provided by statute, can be terminated at any time without cause assigned'.
It is unnecessary to examine how this doctrine was being applied in India through the decades which have preceded the birth of the Constitution of India, both before and after the date of the Government of India Act, 1919, and the date of the Government of India Act, 1935, as such examination has been undertaken in several decided cases. It is sufficient to note, that Article 310
(1) itself has limited the application of the doctrine by making it subject to the express provisions in the Constitution, such provisions being found in Articles 124, 148, 218 and 324, which respectively provide, that the Supreme Court Judges, the Auditor-General, the High Court Judges, and the Chief Election Commissioner, shall not be removed from their respective offices, except under Certain conditions, and also, I may add, in Article 311
(2) which prescribes, that before a civil servant is dismissed or removed, or reduced in rank, he ought to be 'given a reasonable opportunity of showing cause against the action proposed to be taken in regard to him'.
The Kerala Rules, though framed under Article 309 and are therefore statutory do not proprio vigore form part of the Constitution within the meaning of the term 'except as expressly provided by this Constitution' in Article 310(1); this is also true of the Civil Service (Classification. Control and Appeal) Rules, framed under Section 96-B of the Government of India Act. 1.919, or of any similar body of Rules, whether framed, earlier and deemed to continue in force after the Constitution by virtue of Articles 313 and 372, or promulgated for the first time under Article 309. The rules so continued or framed, may deal with the tenure of service or with the conditions of service of civil servants, but AIR 1954 SC 245, has made a distinction between them; rules of the former category are of no avail against the doctrine in Article 310(1) in so far as they seek to impose fetters in its application but rules of the latter category have nothing to do with it. At the same time, it has to be observed, that even rules which deal with tenure of service, to the extent that they make ur the concept and constitute the essence of reasonable opportunity within the meaning of Article 311(2), may operate to qualify the doctrine, but this is because they are so ingrained in Article 311(2) as to form part of it. In Ramesh Chandra Verma v. R. D. Verma, AIR 1958 All 532 the court even suggested that
'rules which deal with the tenure of service, and have got the effect of limiting the pleasure of the President or the Governor. ..... can only be regarded as administrative rules containing directions for the subordinate authorities, and any contravention of these rules may not confer upon the petitioner a cause of action'.
It seems unnecessary for deciding the present question to hold more than that such rules, as are not, or cannot be deemed to be fused into, the concept of 'reasonable opportunity' cannot limit the application of the doctrine, The question resolves itself to whether the procedure prescribed by Rule 17(2) paragraph 1 of the Kerala Rules is of such a character, that a violation of it in any respect would be a negation of the concept of 'reasonable opportunity' in Article 311(2).
4. Article 311(2) does not purport to define what is reasonable opportunity; it does not leave it to be defined by rules either. What 'reasonable opportunity', means, has therefore to he determined by the court, on the facts and circumstances of each case, and not in accordance with any set formula. As observed in Choudhury v. Union of India, AIR 1956 Cal 662 :
''it cannot be left to the vagaries of each individual since that would introduce a thousand shades of reasonableness which cannot be permitted. It must therefore mean 'reasonable' according to the rules of natural justice which are rules or law; Joseph John v. State of Travancore-Cochin, (S) AIR 1955 SC 160.'
Therefore, as I understand the position, the formulation of rules of procedure for taking disciplinary action, such as the Civil Service (Classification, Control and Appeal) Rules or the Kerala Rules, has served to provide a code of procedure, founded on the principles of natural justice, and approximated to them as far as possible, instead of leaving to the Inquiry Officer in each case, to devise his own procedure, in accordance with what he conceives to be reasonable or just. The rules so framed may fail to conform to the trite pattern of natural justice in certain respects as in the case of paragraph 2 of the Kerala Rule 17 (2), which did not permit the civil servant to examine himself or his witnesses and was therefore impugned in 1959 Ker LT 141; at the same lime, everything in these rules, cannot be considered to be of the essence of natural justice, or even of what is reasonable opportunity. This lack of complete identity therefore leaves a field open for judicial interpretation and decision of what constitutes reasonable opportunity.
5. The concept of 'reasonable opportunity' has been expounded recently by the Supreme Court in Khem Chand v. Union of India, AIR 1958 SC 300 at page 307 as follows:
'To summarise: the reasonable opportunity envisaged by the provision under consideration includes:
(a) An opportunity to deny his guilt and establish his innocence, which he can only do if he is told what the charges levelled against him are and the allegations on which such charges are based;
(b) an opportunity to defend himself by cross-examining the witnesses produced against him and by examining himself or any other witnesses in support of his defence; and finally
(c) an opportunity to make his representation as to why the proposed punishment should not be Inflicted on him, which he can only do if the 'Competent authority, after the enquiry is over and after applying his mind to the gravity or otherwise of the charges proved against the government servant tentatively proposes to inflict one of the three punishments and communicates the same to the government servant.'
The above exposition has been made untramelled by the provisions of any rule for disciplinary action, and Their Lordships proceed to observe:
'In short, the substance of the protection provided by rules like Rule 55 referred to above, (Rule 55 of the Civil Service Classification, Control and Appeal Rules) was bodily lifted out of the rules, and together with an additional opportunity embodied in Section 240(3) of the Government of India Act, 1935 so as to give a statutory protection to the government servants, and has now been incorporated in Article 311(2) So as to convert the protection into a constitutional safeguard.'
In this passage Their Lordships have spoken only of 'the substance of the protection provided by rules', as distinguished from the letter of the rules, as Incorporated in Article 311(2). This is one phase of the question. What after all is the purpose of holding an enquiry? In Venkataraman v. Union of India, AIR 1954 SC 375, speaking with reference to the Public Servants (Inquiries) Act, XXXVII of 1850, which in a sense may be deemed to be in pan materia with rules for taking disciplinary action, the Supreme Court considered the only purpose of an enquiry under that Act to he to help Government, the punishing authority, to come to a definite conclusion regarding the guilt of the civil servant and provisionally to determine the punishment, prior to giving him the notice to show cause, and held that;
'an enquiry under this Act is not at all compulsory, and it is quite open to the Government to adopt any other method, if it so chooses.''
An officer to whom an enquiry is committed is no court, but only an agency provided by the punishing authority as a part of the machinery for collecting facts and materials for basing its conclusion; he is engaged in a fact-finding mission and holds no trial. He need not follows the rules of procedure of a court or apply the provisions of the Evidence Act as such, and his report is not binding on the punishing authority.
6. The learned counsel for the petitioner posed the question, who is the person or authority to grant reasonable opportunity? It seems to me, that the short answer is, that reasonable opportunity that is posited, is of the civil servant to establish his innocence concerning the accusations on which he is sought to be punished, and must be judged with reference to himself and not others. This is not to ignore the responsibility of the punishing authority, for, it is far too elementary to state, that on receipt of the report of the enquiry, it is the punishing authority which must come to a finding of guilt and tentatively decide the punishment. There is no good ground to think, that it is of the essence of reasonable opportunity, that, on receipt of a complaint against the civil servant, the punishing authority must not only determine to take action upon it, but must also frame the charges itself, call for the defence, and then decide as to the further course of action.
This certainly is the prescription in paragraph 1 of Rule 17 (2) and it is desirable that it should be complied with. The learned counsel then asked the further question, whether it is for the officer holding the enquiry to decide what charges should be enquired into Cases of a violation of the above provisions, resulting in prejudice to the civil servant may lie conceived, but as I have pointed out, it was not the case of the petitioner that he had suffered any prejudice on this account, and his learned counsel contended only for the larger proposition. It has to lie observed that in the present case, there can be no question of prejudice on this score when the only accusation against the petitioner was a clear cut one of alleged misbehaviour towards the woman, and the punishing authority forwarded the complaint to the Commissioner for enquiry and report. The scope of the charge to he framed and of the enquiry to be made, may be held to he sufficiently delineated by the punishing authority in adopting this procedure. Theoretically, it can be urged on behalf of the petitioner, as was done, that had the punishing authority complied with the procedure in paragraph 1 of Rule 17 (2), it might have exonerated the petitioner before ordering an enquiry. A somewhat similar argument was addressed on behalf of the civil servant in the following teems in Dr. G. Valayya Pantulu v. Government of Andhra, AIR 1958 Andh Pra 240:
''It is contended that, if the proper procedure was followed and the proposed penalty was indicated to him even at the outset the petitioner would not have demanded oral enquiry but would have appeared in person before the Departmental superior with a better chance of proving his innocence or at any rate securing indulgence from the superior'
but was overruled by Subha Rao, C. J., as he then was, on the ground, that the petitioner had never raised the plea during the enquiry, and that he was not prejudiced, as he had full opportunity to meet the charges, and establish his innocence; in other words, the learned Chief Justice treated the breach of the Rule, as a mere irregularity unattended by prejudice.
7. Several decided cases were cited for the petitioner, in which the effect of a violation of the rule had to be considered, and I shall refer to a tew of them. It has to be observed that the preponderance of judicial opinion is in favour of the view, that a mere breach of the Rules does not spell a denial of reasonable opportunity within the meaning of Article 311(2). The observations of a learned Judge of this court in 1959 Ker LT 961: (AIR 1960 Kerala 68) adverted to earlier were made in relation to a similar breach of Rule, the omission of the punishing authority to frame charges and to follow the steps enjoined by paragraph 1 of Rule 17(2). The same learned Judge held in Krishnaswamv v. State of Kerala. 1959 K. L. T. 1273: (AIR 1960 Kerala 224) that a breach of Rule 17 (5) (ii) of the Kerala Rules also did not amount to an infringement of the guarantee under Article 311(2).
The Travancore-Cochin High Court had taken a similar view on the effect of non-compliance with rules, in Sundaram v. State, (S) AIR 1956 Trav-Co. 158 and in Toseph John v. State, 1953 Ker LT 1: (AIR 1953 Trav-Co 130) (FB). Krishnamoorthy v. State of Madras. AIR 1951 Mad 882. S. Thakoorjee v. State of Madras. (S) AIR 1955 Andhra 168 and Kapur Singh v. Union of India, (S) AIR 1956 Punj 58 are some of the cases, decided in other jurisdictions which have adopted the same view. In the ease of AIR 1958 Andh Pra 240, already cited, it was held that though the rules cannot be ignored altogether, it is not every breach or violation of the rule, that will entail a quashing of the order of punishment. The petitioner's counsel relied very strongly on P. M. Mukherjee v. I. G. of Police, AIR 1959 Cal 1, where, it was contended that in spite of compliance with Article 311(2) the court set aside the impugned order, upon a violation of Rule 861 (e) of the Bengal Police Regulations, by reason of the omission of the Authority to give a personal hearing to the public servant; but the court observed in paragraph 16 of the judgment, that it would not have quashed the order, but for a mere potent ground, that the Authority was guilty of violation of the rules of natural justice in allowing itself to be influenced by extraneous considerations.
In other words, the violation of Rule 861 (e) was considered to be only an irregularity, not sufficient of itself to vitiate the order. Kanhaiyalal v. State of Rajasthan, AIR 1958 Raj 1, was an extreme case in which the civil servant was not given the facilities to be heard in person or the opportunity to furnish his defence, and in Benimadhav v. State, AIR 1957 Madh Pra 118 no enquiry worth the name was held, no opportunity was given to the petitioner to cross-examine persons connected with the alleged malpractice, and no notice was issued after the findings were arrived at. I do not consider State of Punjab v. Sukhbans Singh, (S) AIR 1957 Punj 191 as an authority, that a mere violation of the rules, by itself, is sufficient to vitiate the punishment. There is an observation in AIR 1956 Cal 662, that the charge must be issued in the name of the punishing authority, but this does not go further than the rule; as observed in the judgment in that case, there was a violation of the Rules at every stage. In Rajagopala Ayyar v. Madras State. (S) AIR 1955 Mad 182, the case against the civil servant, a judicial officer, could not have been sent up for enquiry under Madras. Civil Service (Disciplinary Proceedings Tribunal) Rules, 1948. These cases are distinguishable.
8. On the first contention, it remains to consider the argument which was advanced, that the delegation of the power to hold an enquiry is illegal. In support of it, counsel relied on the dicta in Barnard v. National Dock Labour Board, (1953) 1 All E. R, 1113 that 'no judicial tribunal can delegate its functions unless it is enabled to do so expressly or by necessary implication,' and in Vine v. National Dock Labour Board, (1956) 3 All E. R. 939 that 'disciplinary powers, whether judicial or not, cannot be delegated'. In these cases the concerned local dock boards which possessed disciplinary powers over their workmen, purported to delegate them to others, who in the exercise thereof, ordered suspension of a workman in the former case, and issued notice of termination of service in the latter, both of which were specific punishments under the Dock Workers (Regulation and Employment) Order, 1947; the delegation was held to be bad on the principles stated above. But it has to be noted, that the delegation in each case, was of the very power to impose the punishments, and not of a mere right to hold the enquiry or to collect facts and materials to help the punishing authority, in coming to a conclusion. In my view, this argument is concluded by the decision of the Supreme Court in Pradyat Kumar v. Chief Justice of Calcutta. (S) AIR 1956 SC 285 where a delegation by the Chief Justice of Calcutta to one of the puisne Judges to hold an enquiry against the Registrar of the High Court, was held by the Supreme Court to be valid. After referring to (1953) 1 All ER 1113 the Supreme Court observed:
'It is well recognised that a statutory functionary exercising such a power cannot be said to have delegated his functions merely by deputing a responsible and competent official to enquire and report. That is the ordinary mode of exercise of any administrative power. What cannot be delegated except where the law specifically so provides is the ultimate responsibility for the exercise of such power'
and relying on Board of Education v. Rice. 1911 A. C. 179 remarked that
'a functionary who has to decide an administrative matter, of the nature involved in this case can obtain the material on which he is to act in such manner as may be feasible and convenient... .'
The rule was applied by the Allahabad High Court in AIR 1958 All 532 and by the Calcutta. High Court in AIR 1956 Cal 662, already cited.
Reiving on 1959 Ker LT 141, it was urged for the petitioner, that the right or power to frame the charges, and to decide to hold an enquiry, could not be delegated. If this case has to be decided within the framework of paragraph 1 of Rule 17 (2), there is some force in this objection, and this, I think, was the view taken in 1959 Ker LT 141, where as indicated, the question came up in this court before the commencement of the enquiry. In my judgment, the question, as it now arises, pertains really to an infraction of the rule, and not to the domain of 'reasonable opportunity' and can therefore be answered only on the touchstone of prejudice to the petitioner, but of this, he has no complaint
9. On the first contention, I am of the opinion, that though the rules for disciplinary action like the Kerala Rules are meant to be observed and not to be ignored, and the complaint of the civil servant against his punishment has also to be tested in the context of the rules, it is not every breach of it that will attract Article 311(2). I therefore repel the contention.
10. The second contention, that Government did not come to a finding, on the guilt or otherwise of the petitioner, appears to me to be sustainable. It must follow from the prescription in Article 311(1), that it is the authority designated by it that must find the civil servant to be punishable, before it proceeds to impose the punishment, and where this condition is not present, the requirements of reasonable opportunity cannot be held to be satisfied. The relevant parts of Rule 17 (5) of the Kerala Rules are extracted below:--
(i) ii '.... The appointing authority shall, on an examination of such proceedings 'record his findings' on the several charges inquired into, and record a further finding in cases where no charges have been made out whether the government servant is free from blame.
(II) ' 'After the appointing authority records his findings' under Clause (i) of this Sub-rule or under Sub-rule (2) he shall come to a provisional conclusion in regard to the penalty to be imposed and then consult the Public Service Commission for advice except in cases ....... On receipt of the advice of the Public Service Commission, the appointing authority shall call upon the member of the service to show cause ....The appointing authority shall give to the member of the service a copy of the report of inquiry together 'with the findings thereon' .......'
The underlining (here in ' ') is by me. To record the findings on the several charges and to forward them together with a copy of the report of the inquiry to the civil servant, is of course, the obvious duty of the punishing authority under the rule aforesaid, and to consider the materials furnished to it, and in the exercise of its judgment, to come to a finding of guilt or otherwise, is the irreducible minimum that is expected of it. It may be unnecessary to cite cases, to establish the duty of the punishing authority in this respect; however, AIR 1956 Cal 662 may be referred to as a case in point. In Baishnab Charan v. State of Orissa, (S) AIR 1957 Orissa 70, the file which the court had the advantage of perusing showed, though not the notice to show cause, that the Chief Minister did approve of the findings of the Tribunal in express terms; but in Bimal Charan Mitra v. State of Orissa, (S) AIR 1957 Orissa 184 there was no such indication, with the result, that the order of punishment was quashed. AIR 1958 Raj 1 cited already, is another case of this description.
11. The relevant passages in the letter dated July 29, 1958, addressed by Government to the Public Service Commission on receipt of Ext. P-2, the report of the inquiry, in the show cause notice, Ext. P-3, and in the order of removal from service, Ext. P-6. all of which have been referred to earlier, can well sustain the interpretation put upon them by the petitioner's learned counsel, that Government took for granted, the findings of the Commissioner, & concerned themselves only with deciding what is the measure of punishment to be awarded. The learned Government Pleader, however, maintained, that in spite of the lacuna in these proceedings, it must be deemed, that Government have-really approved the findings of the Commissioner, Beyond the dubious language in the current file, there is nothing to support this; at my instance the note file was placed before me. It is seen from it, that on receipt of Ext. P-2, a note was put up, that the conduct of the petitioner, as revealed by the report, was quite unbecoming of a police officer and that the Inspector-General of Police (General) may be consulted as to the punishment.
At the orders of the Chief Minister, a reference was made to the Inspector-General of Police (General), who suggested as a punishment, 'reduction by two stages in the timescale of pay' which would affect the petitioner's future increments and pension. The Chief Minister at first thought, that dismissal would be the proper punishment, but on receipt of the petitioner's explanation, considered, that the lighter punishment of removal from service was sufficient. The learned Government Pleader has not succeeded in pointing to anything in the files which establishes, that the punishing authority expressly approved of the findings of the Commissioner, or came to an independent conclusion as to the guilt of the petitioner or at least realised, that the ultimate responsibility in finding the guilt, apart from imposing the punishment, was on itself, and not the Commissioner. This therefore lends support to the contention, which I accept that the attention of the punishing authority was focussed only on the question of punishment and not on the preliminary question of the guilt or innocence of the petitioner.
12. This is sufficient to vitiate Ext. P-6. Thethird contention formulated does not arise andneed not be considered. In view of my finding onthe first contention, it needs no mention, that Government can proceed from the stage at which Ext.P-6 was received, as it is only after that stage thatthe petitioner can justly be heard to complain ofwant of reasonable Opportunity. With these observations Ext. P-5 is quashed. There will be noorder as to costs.


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Hi. Greetings. It is advisable that you maintain or take all photo protective measures possible. You must start wearing a sunscreen at all exposed sites daily and repeat application of sunscreen every three to four hours or after swimming or excessive sweating. Use helmet which covers and protects your head and chin while u ride on bike and wear a jacket or full arm clothes. Wear a cap while playing in the sun. These simple measures will help. If tan is not better in few weeks, you may require some detan creams and procedures from your dermatologist. Warm regards.
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We'll do it again, sometime soon. Enjoy the pics on page 4, and look out for more on www.tes.co.uktrainee_teachers.
We've got another issue packed with features, ideas and food for thought.
City academies have been all over the news - but would you want to work in one? See page 6 before you decide. The attitude of black boys in school is another big issue - but is it really a problem? Emmanuel Ohajah thinks not - read his take on it on page 12. And there are jobhunting advantages for GTP students, the iffy business of committing yourself to an MA, and a peek inside a teacher student household in Bristol.
As always, email me with your stories and feedback on firstname.lastname@example.com


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We have an irrepressible urge to push our boundaries and set records. How much further can we go, physically and mentally, before we reach our ultimate limits?
What's the human speed limit? How long could you survive without food or drink? How long can you go without sleep? How much can a human lift? and other questions are answered in 'The Astounding Limits of Endurance.'


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We value our patients' experience at All About Health. If you are currently a patient, please feel free to complete the following Client Experience Questionnaire. The Questionnaire is in Adobe Acrobat format, and requires the free Acrobat Reader to view.
Download & Print Questionnaire
"Our journey into Dr. Clifford's office began as a desperate one. Our 9 month old son was highly allergic to milk, eggs and peanuts as well as many other things. When he had any type of dairy product he would break out in hives and begin to have other allergic symptoms such as vomiting, nasal drainage and fussiness. We were referred to a children's allergy specialist but decided to try the allergy treatment Dr. Clifford uses as a way to avoid putting our child through much testing and pain. After 2 months of treatment, our son is now drinking whole milk and eating all baby foods with no reaction whatsoever. We are so thankful we made the decision to try this alternative treatment for our son."
- Shelayne McDaniel
"Dr. Brittany McMillen is the quintessential customer-focused health professional. She is highly intelligent and truly cares for her patients. Dr. McMillen will go above and beyond to make sure that the patient's needs are not only met, but are exceeded! It is well worth your while to check out her practice."
- Terri C.
"This place is the best place in the world. I see Dr.M she is awesome. Does a great job and will get any back problems handled. Also acupuncture y'all open up your minds and just try it. I was the biggest skeptic of this until I was in so much pain it was unbearable. Dr M asked if I would be willing to try it and it was the best decision I have made in a long time. They have offices in Nashville to Louisville so look her up and make a appointment you can thank me later. You will feel better than you have in years or at least I do."
- Mike T.
"Amazing! I am so thankful for this sweet doctor and the amazing results I have had For Rheumatoid Arthritis . I have had 8 treatments and my hands, feet, ankles and knee swelling is almost totally gone. A small price to pay for such wonderful results."
- Betty H.
"Dr. McMillen at the Nashville office for All About Health has been fabulous. The NAET treatments for my everyday allergies has increased my quality of life. The additional time and interest Dr. McMillen has taken to utilize the NAET treatments to address specific aliments has been life changing. I would recommend Dr. McMillen and the All About Health office for all your allergy and chiropractic needs."
- Amy C.
"I am thrilled with the care from Dr. McMillen at the Nashville office for All About Health. The NAET treatments have almost made my "hot flashes" non-existent and she is working hard to help my hypothyroid issues. I highly recommend Dr. McMillen for all your allergy and chiropractic needs!!!!! She's made a believer out of me! :)"
- Debbie J.
"I met Dr McMillen at a Health Vendor Event. I had been suffering terribly with a new and violent allergy. (When researched, I found that its a crazy protein I got from a tick bite that led to this, and that some ppl were even going into antaphalactic shock with this condition.). It took me 6 months to figure out what I was reacting to- but I thought it was BEEF. -My face would swell- spotty hives and huge welts all over that left bruises, eyes swelled almost shut, ears would swell thick~an extreme allergy. She tested me, and said I was EXTREMELY allergic to beef. I was desperate, so I made the appointment. The NAET treatment is painless, interesting chinese form of treatment, which I wasn't real sure about, but I found her to be very professional-- and I was desperate. I did the treatment,and the followups, but was scared to try Beef again. She told me I could try a bite, but I was so scared that I did not, and scheduled/attended 3 more appointments. She kept treating for beef allergy, as well as other allergies she discovered I had. I finally tried a pinch of beef. I waited, - no reaction. I ate a meatball a few days later.. no reaction. Just a couple of weeks ago, I ate 2oz of steak, and was a little nervous about eating that much, but I still didnt break out. No itch, no swelling, no hives, nothing. IT was AMAZING!! Dr McMillen has changed and greatly improved my life. I am writing this - so that - if you are struggling with
crazy allergies that make your life harder, you will give her system a try, and maybe you too will get relief with the NAET system. On another note, while under her care for my allergies, I started having trouble with my shoulder and back. I adopted the "while I am here attitude" and asked about her chiropractic expertise. Dr McMillen very gently and with complete precision, adjusted me and relieved my pain. So if you have allergies, and/or skeletal pain, you should go and consult with Dr McMillen and let her help you too. I was a skeptical but desperate gal - and now I am a firm believer in Dr McMillen and her expertise!"
- Diane Lindsey Kolaski
"I would most definitely recommend Dr. M! After introducing me to NAET I am on my 3rd book and I feel fantastic. Iv had a sugar addiction for years and I have not once craved sugar since my first treatment!"
- Fallon W.
"I would gladly recommend Dr McMillen, her cheery disposition and genuine care and concern for me as a person put me right at ease from the first visit! I have been suffering with Lupus and many unpleasant effects from this condition are almost completely gone with the use of NAET and acupuncture. She is still patiently working on the last troubling symptoms but has not given up and continues to work hard to figure out the puzzle that is me! There have been so many unexpected perks to the NAET such as better sleep and less acid reflux which wasn't even something we were initially going to address, just a gift!!"
- Tammy P.
"Before our first visit with Dr. Clifford for NAET, our daughter was having constant issues with her breathing. These issues had been going on for about two years. She had to have ongoing breathing treatments and had even had her first full-blown asthma attack.Since that first visit, we have not has any breathing issues! We are so thankful that we found Dr. Clifford!"
"I first heard of N.A.E.T. from a friend who lives in Gainsville, FL. She was allergic to milk and had to carry an EpiE pen with her at all times. She had gone for two treatments and was eating pizza WITH CHEESE. I knew if it helped her, it would do wonders for me
I knew that I was allergic to milk and cheese products and had tried to eliminate them from my diet for several years. This had been very helpful in reducing the number of sinus infections I had every year. They dropped from one every 3 months to one or two a year. I was also highly allergic to sunflower seeds. They would make my throat swell. Then I had recently become allergic to shrimp. I was beginning to wonder where all of this would end. My world was getting smaller every year. I had taken years of allergy shots for molds, pollens and grasses only to look forward to more years of shots.
I went to NAET.com website and found the physicians locator button and soon called for my first appointment to see Dr. Rick Clifford on October 24, 2006.
After a couple of allergy clearing treatments, I tried eating cheese. I would have mucous in my throat and my nose would be stopped up. I would come back and Dr. C would clear me from something else. After being cleared from milk, eggs, calcium gluconate, casein, calcium lactate, milk proteins and cheese finally I was able to eat milk and cheese without any side effects what so ever. I was free!!! You may think that was a lot to go through...but it was painless and only required minimum effort on my part in order to improve the quality of my life. My system was very allergic to milk. Now I know that even as a child I was allergic. I was raised on a farm and we had fresh cow's milk every day. My life was one filled with daily sinus problems. I didn't know what life was like to be able to breath through my nose...both sides of my nose. Life is SO good.
Since then I have told many friends and acquaintances about N.A.E.T. and Dr. Clifford. I believe it is one of the ministries that God has given me...to share this good news.
Sincerely and enjoying every bite of pizza with cheese that I eat."
- Darlene Gentry
"When my daughter told me about the N.A.E.T. program, I immediately knew it was something I wanted to investigate because I have dealt with a myriad of allergies all of my life, including food allergies, medication allergies and environmental allergies. I was receptive to this type of treatment because it is non-invasive and does not require any medication. I never had allergy testing done because I knew that I would be tied to allergy shots on a regular basis and all they would accomplish would be to alleviate the symptoms for a while. I did not want to spend my life taking allergy shots and putting medicine in my body that I felt could have potential harm.
One of the allergies identified through N.A.E.T. testing was an allergy to eggs. For years, every morning after I ate breakfast, I would have to drink a carbonated beverage to settle my stomach. I did not realize it was because I had this allergy. I have been treated for a number of allergies and one of the biggest results I have noticed is that my stomach no longer feels like it is on fire all the time and my energy level has improved. I also am able to get to sleep much easier at night because I no longer have reflux that causes me to constantly clear my throat when I lie down. I no longer have to sleep on three pillows to try to alleviate that reflux.
I have always had a very low energy level and sometimes after eating a meal I would have to lie down because the bottom would drop out of my energy and I would literally fall asleep (sometimes sitting at the table). I have been plagued for years with severe migraine headaches. When I discovered that the headaches were related to food allergies, I began eliminating foods that I knew caused the headaches. The headaches began to diminish but never totally disappeared. Since I began the N.A.E.T. treatments, I have not had any headaches related to food allergies and am now virtually headache free.
Both of my daughters, son-in-law, grandchildren and sister participate in the N.A.E.T program and have experienced significant results that eliminated health conditions including asthma, recurring poison ivy allergy which required trips to the emergency room, motion sickness, food addiction and many, many more.
I encourage participation in this program because many health conditions are allergy related and many of those are health conditions that most people would never suspect have their basis in allergies. As allergies are eliminated and health improves, energy rises and life is so much more enjoyable. I still have a ways to go in eliminating allergies because I seem to have so many and my energy level is not yet at its peak but it is wonderful to wake up with energy to start the day instead of having to force myself to get out of bed and move each morning.
- Marikay
I was diagnosed with Celiac disease in June 2006. This is an allergy to gluten (wheat, oats, rye and barley). These products had to be totally eliminated from my diet. I have had this allergy since I was a child but did not know what was causing the problem. This results in damage to the small intestines resulting in mal-absorption of nutrients.
Dr. Rick Clifford introduced me to N.A.E.T. April 23, 2008. He has treated me for several allergies. I was allergic to 3 of the 5 hormones that control my thyroid. I was also allergic to iodine. Your thyroid will not function without iodine. Since he treated me for these, my energy level is up. I cannot remember feeling this good.
may 16, he treated me for gluten. on the 17th, I ate an ice cream cone with no side effects Normally, that would have caused severe stomach cramps. It would have lasted up to 72 hours as it worked through my intestines ending with diarrhea and severe fatigue. I can now eat any product with gluten (bread, cookies, cereal, salad dressings, etc.) with no side effects. I can even eat in a restaurant again.
I not only feel better, my life is much easier. I got spells of severe fatigue. It would hit me like a huge wave of water and knock me off my feet. These spells would last from 4 hours to 2 days and would happen every 2-3 weeks. This is typical Celiac behavior. I have not had a spell for 2 months.
I'm happier because I feel so good. My husband says I am easier to live with.
Thanks Dr. Rick.
- Jane Dams
*Update - Jane brought us her blood work results from the lab. She is 100% clear of Celiac disease!
"I have suffered from severe Irritable Bowel Syndrome for the last two years. I have also been deathly allergic to all forms of dairy. I had to schedule my life around the IBS and my diet was severely restricted. After just a few N.A.E.T. treatments, I began to feel better. Now I am able to lead a more normal life. I no longer have to check the ingredient labels on everything. This treatment has worked wonders for me and the family members who first told me about it."
- Emily
"We spent the first 18 months of our child's life at the pediatrician's office, Rivergate urgent care, emergency rooms and even a trip to the Vanderbilt Children's Hospital. The hollowed, dark circled eyes, seal barking cough and sitting up all night to hold our son in an upright position so he could sleep was a way of life. Facing the only possibility that traditional medicine had to offer (a daily diet of Claritin, Zyrtec, Benadryl, M Clear Syrup and Prednisone), I asked a nurse at our church what she would do. She treaded ever so lightly and said, "I don't know how you would feel about this type of approach but there's a chiropractor in White House....." What a relief to even hear of a possible natural way to treat our child! Almost immediately we saw relief form every symptom. Grayson loved to getting adjusted from the beginning, dubbed Dr. Rick his "special doctor" and even requested to go see him. At the first sneeze or cough a little voice in the back seat announces. "I need to see my special doctor!" Now that he is three years old and our visits are for maintenance and seasonal flair-ups, I can tell you it was truly an answer to prayer."
- Ann Escue
"I had been on allergy pills for ten years due to a runny nose. I also had cold feet and hands all winter and an upset stomach when i ate raw salads. Last summer I noticed a big sign by the window of the chiropractic office and read about how relief could be had. I spent 3 days a week being treated with the N.A.E.T. program at Dr. Clifford's clinic for the above ailments and many others that were found. Once in a while I may have a runny nose but my stomach is a-ok. I haven't been on allergy pills since I have been on this program. I recommend this program to others who want relief."
- Esther Novak
"I have had amazing results. Upon my first visit, I walked through the door feeling extremely weak and lethargic due to many, many allergies. Soon after the allergies were being eliminated one by one, I began to feel my energy level rise and I am able to rest more comfortably at night. My mind also seems to be more clear, more sharp and focused. I can also feel the difference in my breathing. I have asthma but I am breathing easier and have not had to use my inhaler as often as before. I am so thankful to this new approach of allergy testing. I am excited for the hope it gives me and will give to many others."
- Sue Williams
"In January 2006, I was experiencing pressure in my chest with no history of heart problems. I was also having abdominal bloating and just an overall feeling of not being well. In February 2006 I started the NAET program. Within one week most of the pressure had decreased and within three weeks it was gone. We found that I was allergic to several things which I have since been treated for. I don't have food craving anymore and i have been feeling much better. If I come across something that I think is causing a problem, I take it to Dr. Clifford to get treated for it. This program has helped me to get back to being healthy."
- Marion Ike
"I feel very blessed to have been introduced to NAET. My son, Mason, began treatment with Dr. Clifford at 4 weeks after having a rash on his face and continually having mucus in his right eye. We discovered an allergy to breast milk and after the treatment, the rash and eye mucus went away. Since then I've continues bringing Mason to Dr. Clifford for rashes that have all been related to a food or vitamin allergy. Thanks Dr. Clifford!"
- Lauren, mother to Mason
"I found NAET almost by accident. I brought my daughter, Gracie, to Dr. Clifford at 6 weeks for a chiropractic adjustment to help with some problems that we were having with nursing. At our follow up appointment, I told Dr. Clifford that Gracie was crying inconsolably every night. He then began testing her for allergies. The first we found was an allergy to a type of calcium. From the first night after treatment, she didn't cry at night anymore! She also seemed to gain weight at a much faster rate once we began our treatments which had been an issue before we found Dr. Clifford. Another amazing incident was when Gracie broke out in a rash from head to toe. We found that she was allergic to penicillin, treated her and the rash went away without any medication! We have since found a few more allergies that we have been able to treat. Gracie is now 8 months old and thriving. What a blessing to know that these allergies will not have to affect my daughter's life! Dr. Clifford and NAET are wonderful!"
- Erin, mother to Gracie
I had been having ear jaw pain for almost two years, had not been able to get relief from anyone. Had been to ENT, chiropractor, medical doctor, homeopathic but no lasting relief. Dr. Clifford gave me a name for it, trigeminal neuralgia and did acupuncture treatment for it. The next day my ear, jaw etc. was completely without pain. I highly recommend this procedure if you have trigeminal neuralgia!
- L. Pollock
I am writing in regards to the NAET treatments my son and I have received at Dr. Rick Clifford's office. These treatments really work and are truly life changing.
My son was diagnosed with functioning autism about two years ago. He is able to do most things but struggles with noise sensitivity, reading comprehensions in school, some social interaction and some behavioral issues. He screamed often just to be screaming, he would bang on things just to hear the noise, he would shake his head until he would make himself sick. All that has changed. With the second treatment we did, which was calcium, I noticed his volume level had decreased a few notches. He can almost talk in a normal tone of voice now. Noise doesn't seem to bother him now. If a beeper went off or a dish would break, the phone ringing, all of these would send him into a panic mode. Now he just asks "What was that?". It is like some of the fog has been lifted off of his brain. I really can tell a difference with each treatment he gets. We used to struggle every morning with his socks. His socks didn't feel right on his feet. We would go through this sometimes 10 times before he could put his shoes on and go out the door for school. Now, no problem whatsoever. He is making progress in every area. The little quirks keep diminishing, his behavior is better. He seems less confused. We still have several treatments to go because he has so many allergies. It has been well worth it so far and I know it will be when we are done. These treatments really are a blessing.
I am 29 years old and have also been receiving treatments for about two and a half months now and what a change. When I first came to see Dr. Clifford I was in pain, depressed and too weak for him even do the test on me. I was having severe headaches, severe muscle weakness and pain, numbness in my legs and arms, just to name a few. I woke up with a headache, had it all day, and went to bed with it. Dr. Clifford did the egg treatment on me the first day and by the time I got home 2 hours later, my headache had disappeared and has not been back since. I was free from this pain that had halted my life. After two more treatments, my back pain was also gone. My acne has begun to clear. I had been having burning and tingling in my legs and arm for over 3 years. I became so bad that I lost feeling on the left side of my body. The lower half of my body was always ice cold, even in the summertime. I thought I had a circulation problem but the doctors checked that and they found nothing. Dr. Clifford did the treatment for cold and by the next day, I had the feeling back in my legs, my skin had turned pink again. What a miracle! I can walk without being in pain that was due to my sensitivity to cold. I could go on all day but these treatments do work and if you are in the kind of unexplainable pain like I was in, this might be your answer.
We drive 2 hours every time we come for treatment but it has been the best, most worthwhile 2 hour trip I have ever made. I will continue making these trips until we are allergy free. Thank you to Dr. Clifford for changing mine and my son's lives. We will always be grateful for the hope he has given us when I thought there was no hope left.
- Stefanie Whitworth
I moved to Nashville in summer 2015 and suffered from terrible allergies and all the symptoms that go with them. Being a professional musician, this took a toll on my ability to sing and perform at my best. I took every allergy medication available, sought medical treatment which helped somewhat but still didn't remove the reactions to the pollen, ragweed, grass and everything else in the air in Nashville. I was actually going to leave the city because I didn't think I'd be able to live here! After ONE treatment at All About Health, in a day my symptoms had just about gone. Dr Clifford and Desirea are extremely professional, friendly and generous with follow up advice. I recommend their services to anyone who suffers from allergies in any form, whether seasonal or diet based. Looks like I will be staying in Nashville for some time after all.
- Nick Miller April 2016
All testimonials are used with permission from patient or person responsible for patient.
2759 Hwy31 W #2, White House, TN 37188 * (615) 672-3568


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Red Hat Bugzilla – Bug 699469
yumdownloader returns 0 when it is unsuccessful downloading the package you asked it for
Last modified: 2014-08-11 01:43:03 EDT
Description of problem:
I attempt to download a file using yumdownloader. It fails, but does not exit non-zero. This makes it difficult to use in a script.
$ yumdownloader -c /tmp/m-update-rpmsB8b3/yum.conf --disablerepo=kickstart --enablerepo=reposync --destdir=/tmp/m-up-rpmsB8b3/rpms -q krb5-debuginfo-1.8.2-3.el6_0.4.x86_64
http://fullejo.etc.test.gs.com/reposync/rhel-x86_64-server-6-debuginfo/getPackage/krb5-debuginfo-1.8.2-3.el6_0.4.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://fullejo.etc.test.gs.com/reposync/rhel-x86_64-server-6-debuginfo/getPackage/krb5-debuginfo-1.8.2-3.el6_0.4.x86_64.rpm: (28, '')
Trying other mirror.
Could not download/verify pkg krb5-debuginfo-1.8.2-3.el6_0.4.x86_64: failure: rhel-x86_64-server-6-debuginfo/getPackage/krb5-debuginfo-1.8.2-3.el6_0.4.x86_64.rpm from reposync: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.
$ echo $?
$ rpm -q yum-utils
Fixed upstream.
This bug appears to have been reported against 'rawhide' during the Fedora 19 development cycle.
Changing version to '19'.
(As we did not run this process for some time, it could affect also pre-Fedora 19 development
cycle bugs. We are very sorry. It will help us with cleanup during Fedora 19 End Of Life. Thank you.)
More information and reason for this action is here:


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From Pattaya One News is the story of the Miss Tiffany Universe competition taking place in Pattaya. The contest featured 30 beautiful transsexuals from all around Thailand. After 3 hours of competition the winner was announced and prizes of 120,000 Baht, a new car and other prizes totaling over 1 million Baht were awarded the winner, a 22 year old student from Ayutthaya Province.
Tweet - Bangkok After Hours


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Announcing the Inaugural Swimmy Awards
Seeking nominations for the following three categories:
Best political film of 2005
Best political book of 2005
Best political song of 2005
Nominate your favorite film, or book, or song that you watched, read or listened to this past year. It doesn't matter if they were released before 2005.
Submit your nominations in this comment thread. Thanks!


text: So, my nephew came to visit a few weeks ago and brought some Lychee fruit with him for us to try. My being the gardener I am decided that I would try growing the seeds. I read up on it and was pretty well convinced it was a hopeless mission since everything said they have really poor germination rates and I only had 6 seeds. However, I was surprised and three days ago I realized I had 4 sprouts that are now 4 inches high. Since I was planning on this experiment failing (and it didn't) Now what do I do with them?? Anyone have any experience growing them? Apparently we live in the right zone to actually grow them.


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This is the last comic week of the month which means my order will be shipping in the second half of the week. here is what i expect and hope is coming plus comments.
AVENGERS CHILDRENS CRUSADE #2 (OF 9)-Young Avengers sounded dumb but I actually liked the series. Haven't read anything in between with the various fluff mini-series but this one restore the original creative team with a plan. First issue was okay, I expect it to get better. It has to with a bi-monthly shipping for 9 issues. That's 18 months.
BATMAN AND ROBIN #14-God I hope so.
BATMAN RETURN OF BRUCE WAYNE #5 (OF 6)-See above.
BIRDS OF PREY #5-So far so good. Gail and company making this book fun.
DC 75TH SENSATION COMICS #1 BY HUGHES T/S LG-Wonder Woman shirt with a homage to the original Sensation Comics cover.
EMPOWERED TP VOL 06-My bro thought I was holding out on him with this.
HACK SLASH OMNIBUS TP VOL 02-First volume was hit and miss.
FABLES #98-Good.
GREEN LANTERN #57-Good.
HELLCYON #4 (OF 4)-Boring.
JOE THE BARBARIAN #7 (OF 8)-Haven't read this in a while. The first couple issues did nothing for me but I figured a full read through of all the issues will be better.
MORNING GLORIES #2-First issue was good. And is now running for like 10 bucks or so.
MR MIRACLE BY KIRBY T/S LG-My favorite Jack Kirby character? Or maybe that's Cyclops even though I don't like the original X-Men stories.
MURDERLAND #2-Proof that advance pre-order can leave you with comics you have no interest in.
NANCY IN HELL #2 (OF 4)-This was interesting, campy fun.
NAOKI URASAWA 20TH CENTURY BOYS GN VOL 11-Probably.
PREVIEWS #265 OCTOBER 2010-Yay! A book of comic books and merch I can browse through.
TAROT WITCH OF THE BLACK ROSE #64-Please! I need some cheesecake.
TINY TITANS #32-Aw yeah!
WONDER WOMAN #603-Don't care.
X-MEN #3-Oddly, it feels like its getting better. Mutants vs. Vampires!
ZATANNA #6-My new fav series?
Monday, September 27, 2010
What I'm Expecting Next Week
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text:
An assortment of tailored Honda Car Mats produced to fit models including the Honda Accord, CR-Z, CRV and more. Our Honda Car Mats are available to buy in a choice of materials and can be personalised with the trim colour of your choice and optional embroidery. We make our products in the UK and orders over £25 are delivered to the UK mainland for free.
Please select your Honda model
See what our customers think, with Independent reviews from
Arrived before I read the e-mail…
Arrived before I read the e-mail telling me they were on their way
All as expected and are good quality…
All as expected and are good quality car mats
Love the mats for my son x Very quick…
Love the mats for my son x Very quick on delivery aswel x????
Honda logo is property of Honda


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- Ellington Shuts Out South Windsor as Beebe is Superb
- Glastonbury Student Athlete of the Month: Marina DiPiazza
- Ellington Student Athlete of the Month: Megan Beebe
- Glastonbury Student Athlete of the Month: Jack DiLauro
- Glastonbury Routs New Britain To Continue Strong Play
- Class L Title Belongs To Sachems
- Tri-Town falls behind early and falls short in Division III Hockey Final
- Tri-Town Hockey Defeats Enfield to Reach State Finals
- Enfield Loses in Semis to Avon at the Buzzer
- RHAM Advances to First State Title Game By Defeating Hand
Dramatic Ending at Wiffleball Tourney
- Updated: August 3, 2015
ELLINGTON – The Second Annual Austin Tautkus/Troy Russell Wiffleball Tournament Fundraiser ended in dramatic fashion Sunday as Danny Hayes' sacrifice fly scored Daniel McPartland with the winning run to help Team EHS defeat the EWBL All-Stars 2-1 in nine innings Sunday.
The title game was scheduled for just six innings, but it took an extra three to determine a champion. Adam Zylberman led off the game for the EWBL All-Stars by hitting the first pitch for a home run over right field fence. Team EHS – comprised of former Ellington High varsity baseball players, scratched across a run of its own in the second inning to tie the score 1-1. It remained tied until the ninth, but there was plenty of drama in between.
A near home run by EWBL's Art Allegra was ruled foul in the fourth inning and in the top of the 6th, Team EHS center fielder Nick Varney made a leaping catch at the fence in right center to rob Erick Knickerbocker of a home run. Brian Fitzsimons of Team EHS nearly ended the game with in the 7th and 8th innings with hard liners off the top of the Green Monster but had to settle for singles both times.
The tournament is a fundraiser for the families of two former Ellington High School student athletes. Troy Russell was a star baseball player and two sport athlete before suffering a spinal cord injury in a swimming accident back in 2012. Austin Tautkus played football, basketball and baseball at EHS. He went on to play one season of football at Western Connecticut State University after graduating from EHS in 2013. Tautkus was tragically killed in a work related accident at the family farm in the summer of 2014.
Proceeds from the tournament are donated to the families to help with Russell's continuing physical rehabilitation as well as to benefit a memorial scholarship in Tautkus' name at Ellington High School.
The weekend began with pool play on Friday and the official Opening Ceremonies were held on Saturday as members of the Tautkus and Russell Families joined State Representative Christopher Davis in throwing out the first pitch. Members of the winning team in 2014 were invited to sign their names on the right field foul pole. Pool play continued throughout the day on Saturday as teams from Ellington and a number of neighboring towns battled for one of the four spots in Sunday's playoffs.
Hundreds of people showed up throughout the three-day event to show their support for the two families and area businesses contributed with donations for fence signs, raffle prizes and food for the concession stand. The tournament organizing committee would like to thank all of those businesses as well as the members of the community who came out to the watch some of the action and made donations either on site or online. In addition a very special thanks to recent EHS graduate Jon Bailey-Francois for providing all of the music throughout the weekend as well as WFSB Channel 3 and John Holt for the wonderful story that he ran about the tournament – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EyBFs5EHcz8
The online donation page is still active and anyone wishing to contribute to this very worthwhile cause may do so at http://www.youcaring.com/tautkus-memorial-scholarship-fund-russell-rehabilitation-fun-402435


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I Fratelli Pizza
2815 Allen St, Dallas, TX 75204
(214) 720-0070
2815 Allen St, Dallas, TX 75204
(214) 720-0070
Pizza, Bread Twists, Wings & More!
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Regular Hours
Phone: (214) 720-0076
i Fratelli Pizza Uptown
Parking: Garage, Street
Wi-Fi: No
Bike Parking: Yes
Attire: Casual
Wheelchair Accessible: Yes
Cuisines: Caterers, Italian, European, Continental, Pizza
Alcohol: No
Takes Reservations: No
Outdoor Seating: Yes
Price Range : Average
No coupons available
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10/25/2009Provided by Citysearch -
Unfortunately, I have to say this was one of the worst pizzas I've had in a long time. We got half Big Brother, half Pepperoni. The crust is fine (very very thin) however, the pizza was extremely salty. It tasted like the entire pizza was covered in pecorino romano. I can not say how much I wanted the pizza to be good. My wife and I are desperately looking for our ""regular"" pizza place! Although the service was friendly, the pizza was flat out disappointing. Not recommended!
10/28/2008Provided by Citysearch -
I was there on Saturday night and had a great time walking in there! The guy who seems to be in charge of the place is hilarious and keeps everybody who waiting entertained while doing his duties! He was running his store and it seemed it was busy but at the same time keeping heads up with his lobby customers. A+ on the customer service. The pizza was steaming out of the box when he gave it to me and was delicious when I got home which is only a couple of blocks away! Go for the big brother mmmmmm. Great job guys!


text:
Great little downtown studio - Apartments for Rent in Reykjavík, Capital Region, Iceland
Entire home/apt in Reykjavík, Iceland. A newly renovated Scandinavian style studio apartment with a private entrance and a garden patio in a residential area in 101, right downtown Reykjavik.
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Our Guarantee
- Antibodies
- Proteins and Peptides
- Lysates and Cell Lines
Immunohistochemistry Procedure
1. Cut 4-5 micron sections and mount onto Superfrost plus slides.
2. Dewax in xylene and rehydrate through graded alcohols.
3. Block with 3% H2O2 in methanol for 10 minutes.
4. Wash in running tap water for 5 minutes then block non-specific binding sites with normal horse serum.
5. To unmask the antigen, heat-mediated retrieval is required using either a microwave or pressure cooker. For microwave-mediated retrieval immerse sections in 1 mM citrate buffer, pH 6, and microwaved at full power (600W) for 27 minutes (NB The exact time will depend on both the power and age of the microwave). Alternatively, sections can be pressure cooked for 4 minutes, immersed in 1 mM citrate buffer, pH 6. Allow sections to cool for 20-30 minutes and wash in running tap water for 5 minutes.
6. Incubation sections with 5ug/ml primary antibody at 4C overnight. Incubation time and temperature are critical.
7. Incubate with appropriate biotinylated secondary antibody for 30 minutes at room temperature, followed by streptavidin ABC kit (DAKO) according to the manufacturer's instructions.
8. Prepare 3,3'-diaminobenzidine substrate and apply for 5-10 minutes.
9. Counterstain with haematoxylin,dehydrate and coverslip.
Using this protocol, we detect consistent, strong ERb staining in epithelial cell nuclei. Occasional weak to moderate staining is seen in surrounding stromal and endothelial cell nuclei. Sporadic light cytoplasmic staining is sometimes observed. We have also successfully detected ERb in colon and ovarian tumours using the same antibody.


text:
|1,000 sq ft
|Property type
|Minimum Stay
|2 nights
Casa do Lagar has a double bedroom, mezzanine with 2 single beds, dining and living room with a sofa-bed, fireplace ,TV, equipped kitchen, 1 bathroom. capacity - 4 people (extra beds available).
This is a self catering cottage with shared grounds and swimming pools.
The grounds and swimming pool have magnificent views over the sea and islet of Vila Franca do Campo.
All guests have direct access to both swimming pools, the natural one by the sea (200 meters from the houses), the other by the cottages (no lifeguards - parental vigilance requested for young children), as well as barbeque and laundry room (washing and dry machine).
The house has also Wi-Fi, dvd, landline and hair dryers.
Quinta Velha das Amoreiras is located in a quiet rural place at Vila Franca do Campo surroundings.
Guests really do need to rent a car to move around in the village and to visit the island from here.
Miguel Quinto
This place is distinguished by the access through its fields to a natural swimming pool in the sea, right by the shore, embedded in the black volcanic rock. There is another swimming pool, located by the houses above, with a spectacular view over the ocean.
«Na tranquilidade do campo, a mergulhar no Atlântico». Trata-se de uma quinta agrícola que termina no mar, onde encontram uma piscina natural encrustada na rocha vulcânica.
The apartment is in a renovated old barn and offered plenty of space for our 4 member family. The design is modern, rather original and actually very suited to tourists. The property was clean - offered good bedding - and there was a welcome package.
The pool is larger than it looks on the picture (!) and slightly salty. The sea view is spectacular, also from the apartment.
We didn't find a nice restaurant in the neighborhood, and decided to have dinner at the property.
Not to be missed is Furnas, with its lake and in the center a park of exceptional beauty, less than a 30' drive from this property.


text:
Recent News from (OTC: ASHTY)
|Ashtead Group (ASHTF) Investor Presentation - Slideshow
|The following slide deck was published by Ashtead Group PLC in conjunction with this Read more ...
|Source: SeekingAlpha
|Date: April, 20 2018 15:21
|Books will close today January 18, 2018.
|Books will close today January 18, 2018.
|Source: OTC Markets
|Date: January, 18 2018 00:00
|ASHTEAD GROUP PLC - Replacement - Transaction in Own Shares
|Please be advised that this announcement replaces the one made earlier today at 17:00hrs. The replacement includes a link to the PDF containing the details of transactions. All other content remains unchanged Transaction in own shares Ashtead Group plc (the " Company ") announces that on...
|Source: PR Newswire
|Date: January, 09 2018 12:58
|SA Interview: Small-Cap Investing With William Garrison
|Feature interview William Garrison is an experienced investment professional and has managed mutual fund, institutional, and long/short hedge fund assets. In recent years, William has successfully managed his own investment portfolios with a continued emphasis on smaller companies. We em...
|Source: SeekingAlpha
|Date: January, 07 2018 07:30
|ASHTEAD GROUP PLC - Correction : Transaction in Own Shares
|The announcement published at 17:31 yesterday, (20th December) was incorrect and has now been replaced by the following announcement below. Transaction in own shares Ashtead Group plc (the " Company ") announces that on 20 December 2017 it purchased for Treasury the following...
|Source: PR Newswire
|Date: December, 21 2017 10:34
|ASHTEAD GROUP PLC - Transaction in Own Shares
|Transaction in own shares Ashtead Group plc (the " Company ") announces that on 18 December 2017 it purchased for Treasury the following number of its ordinary shares of 10 pence each pursuant to its £1 billion share repurchase programme, details of which were announced on 14 Dece...
|Source: PR Newswire
|Date: December, 18 2017 12:55
|ASHTEAD GROUP PLC - Purchase of Shares
|Source: PR Newswire
|Date: December, 14 2017 05:18
|ASHTEAD GROUP PLC - Notification of Transactions of Directors PDMR
|ASHTEAD GROUP PLC NOTIFICATION OF TRANSACTIONS OF DIRECTORS/PERSONS DISCHARGING MANAGERIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND CONNECTED PERSONS Ashtead Group plc (the "Company") announces the following changes in the interests of directors in ordinary shares of 10 pence each in the share capital of th...
|Source: PR Newswire
|Date: December, 13 2017 02:31
|Ashtead Group PLC ADR 2017 Q2 - Results - Earnings Call Slides
|The following slide deck was published by Ashtead Group PLC ADR in conjunction with their 2017 Q2 earnings Read more ...
|Source: SeekingAlpha
|Date: December, 12 2017 11:58
|ASHTEAD GROUP PLC - Notification of major holdings
|TR-1: Standard form for notification of major holdings Annex: Notification of major holdings (to be filed with the FCA only) ...
|Source: PR Newswire
|Date: November, 03 2017 13:28
About Ashtead Group PLC (OTC: ASHTY)
Ashtead Group is a leading provider of rental equipment with operations in the US and the UK. We provide equipment that lifts, powers, generates, moves, digs, supports, scrubs, pumps, directs, ventilates, whatever the job needs. We rent equipment so that our customers can focus on what they do best rather than maintaining and servicing equipment they may use only once a year. We make sure the equipment is there when it needs to be and is ready to work immediately and efficiently. Our profit centres are located where they are most required and we guarantee our service. Whether customers need a small hand held tool or power generation for a floor building, our staff are there, able and willing, to help our customers ensure the job gets done.
Contact Information
- Website: http://www.ashtead-group.com/
- Phone: +4402077269700
Current Management
- Geoffrey Drabble / CEO
- Eric Watkins / Corporate Secretary, Securities Counsel
- Ian Robson / Finance Director
Current Share Structure
- Market Cap: $14,305,036,480 - 03/15/2018
- Issue and Outstanding: 503,344,000 - 11/01/2011
Recent Filings from (OTC: ASHTY)
|Post-effective amendment to a previously filed F-6
|Filing Type: F-6 POS
|Filing Source: edgar
|Filing Date: September, 29 2017
|Filing to become effective immediately upon filing
|Filing Type: F-6EF
|Filing Source: edgar
|Filing Date: December, 09 2015
Daily Technical Chart for (OTC: ASHTY)
Stay tuned for daily updates and more on (OTC: ASHTY)
It most certainly could but even more important is the recent overwhelming interest in the company. Check out Investors Hub and search on Twitter
More to come on (OTC: ASHTY)
Do your DD and if you choose, be ready to go!
The Research: All source information contained in this email is from the public sources mentioned below.
Thank you
OTC Report
- Last Updated" May 14, 2018 13:01 PM
- By: OTC Report
Disclaimer: OTC Report publishes reports providing information on selected companies. OTC Report is not a registered investment advisor or broker-dealer. This report is provided as an information service only, and the statements and opinions in this report should not be construed as an offer or solicitation to buy or sell any security. OTC Report accepts no liability for any loss arising from an investors reliance on or use of this report. An investment in ASHTY is considered to be highly speculative and should not be considered unless a person can afford a complete loss of investment. OTC Report has received up to $100,000 worth of crypto currency from a non-affiliated third party for the publication and circulation of this report. OTC Report does not own any shares of ASHTY and does not buy, sell, or trade any shares of ASHTY. This report contains forward-looking statements, which involve risks, and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements. Copyright 2018 by OTC Report. All rights reserved. Our Full Disclaimer: http://otc.report/disclaimer/


text:
Tuesday, June 19, 2007
Games night
"Yeah. I have half a mind to go down to the library with a check for six dollars, just to make it an even $850."
"You're still winning, by the way." I deal the cards. "By an embarrassing amount."
"I think I kinda like this game." It's a card game called Five Crowns. I bought it last winter from one of those games-and-calendars stands that pop up in malls all over the country right around November and vanish by the end of January.
"Me too. It's like a kinder form of gin, except with five suits and really nice artwork."
"I don't play gin." She picks up her cards and starts to rearrange them.
"No, me neither. Not with people, anyway. Gin makes me swear."
"What does vermouth do?"
"Don't know yet."
"Ah. Working your way through them alphabetically, are you."
I nod, concentrating on my cards.
Games night is something the Chief came up with last fall. At 7 pm on the first Saturday of every month, we (the Loons) open up the teeny little ex-train station that serves as Bellefonte's Chamber of Commerce building, hang out a sign that says, "GAMES NIGHT!" and play board and/or card games for three hours. The idea is that people can drop in and play with us, bring their own games, whatever. It gets announced in a couple of the local papers, and the Chief puts out a come-one-come-all message over the libraries' email the day before (did I mention we're coworkers? We are. Different departments, same building). So far, the only time anyone who wasn't a Loon (or a Loon's spouse) showed up was accidental. People asking directions, looking for info on Bellefonte, etc. Nobody stops in to play with us.
Here's the thing: I don't like playing games. Chief knows this, and thinks that I'm either extremely kind, I'm slightly masochistic, or she's a lot better with the guilt than she thought she was. I keep showing up because I have this image in my head of her playing solitaire for three hours or (as she put it jokingly at the last games night, when this subject came up) playing rock-paper-scissors by herself all night and losing.
It's not really accurate to say that I don't like playing games. I do play them, see. I even own a few. I don't like competitive people. I want to play just to play. My childhood friend Suzanne and I used to drive her mother crazy with the way we played badminton. She'd sit on the porch and watch us bat the birdie back and forth, back and forth.
"You do know that you're never going to score if you keep hitting it to each other," she'd point out.
"Are you keeping score?" Suz and I would ask each other in unison. Our unspoken common goal was to keep the birdie aloft as long as possible.
My family is full of poor losers and worse winners, and I still bear scars from a Monopoly game where my father swore at my mother. If I run into someone who must win, I get put off. At first. Then I feel the Beast rise within me and I need to win. I need to crush this person who presumes to think they can beat me. I want to send them home crying. That disturbs me.
And so, I play games online at Pogo against a computer whose feelings won't get hurt. Or I play with the few members of my family who are gracious winners and losers. I try to model my playing after my Grandma Ruth, who died a year ago this past April. She was an excellent game player -- anything you wanted to play she'd try, but she really liked cards, scrabble, and yahtzee best. She taught all of her grandchildren how to play some of the games she liked, and now the whole clan (and there are hordes of us. We could populate a town, these descendants of Grandma Ruth's) plays canasta, at least. Most of us play shanghai rummy, backgammon, and hearts as well.
She was cutthroat. If she saw an opening she'd take it, and she'd expect you to do the same. But when she won (which was most of the time) she didn't rub your nose in it. She'd just reshuffle the cards, or collect the dice, or slide the tiles back into the box, and say, "Again?" And whether she was winning or not, she always complimented the good moves you made, marveled with you over your stroke of luck if you rolled 5 6's as a double yahtzee, applauded your seven-letter word.
I try to be like that, and most of the time I can silence the Beast and be a gracious winner or a good loser.
As long as I don't play gin.
2 comments:
Oh, wow. I desperately miss playing Scrabble with my mother (and Canasta, Parcheesi, Cribbage, Pinochle, the list is endless). My mom was also a cutthroat player and gracious winner/loser, and I try to be that way as well. I rarely, rarely ever won Scrabble against Mom, and when I started winning, I knew she was dying.
People are confused when I tell them to how and why they should save an S, and they're downright unnerved when I remove or rearrange their words so they land on premium tiles.
When George and I play, we don't keep score. I'd like to, but not for victory's sake. I just like to see what I can get out of my tiles.
Spit, of course, left no room for such niceties.
The only time I go for "the kill" is when playing my sister. I can't help myself. It doesn't matter what game.
She used to perpetually crush me at chess. To this day, I can't play a game without having anxious flashbacks to our childhood battles.
After yet another devastating loss, when all I was left with was my king and a pawn or two, we'd play "Castles."
Divide the chessboard in half, at the fold. My lonely king and pawns live on one side. Valerie elaborately arranged her pieces on the other, and my captured pieces were slaves and servants to hers. I don't remember how (probably blocked it) but my lonely king had to laboriously negotiate the release of the prisoners. It was never easy and rarely successful. I often quit Castles in frustration.
In the 33 years following my first game of Chess, I won only one game against a former boyfriend, and I truly don't know how I did it.
- Anna said...
Great dialogue in this piece. I so well remember The Loneliness of the Event-Running Librarian.
I play a lot of Spades and Hearts online and am astonished at how often people cut off as soon as they meet a little adversity in the game. I'm a dogged loser.


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Wednesday, July 15, 2009
Publix again
I had to stop by publix again. I was mainly going there to get another gas card ($50 one for $40 this week) but I was out of luck.So I got:2murell pastas: $1.29 B1G1 used $1 coupon6Huggies washes: $3.29 B1G1 Used 3 B1G1 coupons ( free, paid only tax)I dont have kids but a body wash is a body wash even the babies one… hehe.. My DH and I use the buddies soap for now ( It was free from walmart)I also stopped at Long john silver in the way back and I got my free taco for lunch.I shopped at walmart as well. I got 12 Hefty zip bags for free ( They are priced at $1 and I got a lot of the $1 coupons)I also got 5 packs of the popsicle ( Priced at $1 and I had 5 of the $1 coupons from the family is its own reward book)I paid $1.02 in taxes.
Posted by zinachuck at 10:47 AM


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We manage a retail store that has 10+ computers (before cell phones and guests on WiFi). The connection is AT&T Fiber (best they can do here is 6 MB down, 1 MB up). Obviously this is not an ideal situation, but AT&T is the only ISP with cables anywhere near that building. What do my fellow Spiceheads think I should do moving forward? We want to move their phones (5) to VoIP, too.
17 Replies
Jul 22, 2015 at 13:51 UTC
Not unless there was no other choice.
Jul 22, 2015 at 13:57 UTC
Fiber is the best, satellite is the worst.
Look for a wireless supplier (WISP) also, there may be someone local...
Jul 22, 2015 at 14:05 UTC
EBS Computer Services is an IT service provider.
I wouldn't use satellite for voice - 600 odd milliseconds of latency minimum.
Jul 22, 2015 at 14:05 UTC
Noooo nooooo noooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo!!! The latency is awful and the overages would destroy them
I'd just stick it out with their current connect and not venture into VoIP until a decent connection is established in their area.
Jul 22, 2015 at 14:14 UTC
Brand Representative for CommQuotes
Nope, Satellite will not work for VoIP as latency will destroy your calls. Assume 750ms+, VoIP lives at 150ms and below. You would be literally sending your voice data packets to space and back :)
When you say DSL has fiber that maxes out at 6x1, you are referring to DSL (Uverse). DSL availability and bandwidth is based on distance to the CO so you are out a little ways.
As MPK indicated, you are going to have options - just may not be at the price point of DSL and Satellite, You'll have access TDM/T1 circuits and likely Fiber - which means you will have dozens of competitive carriers available to bid on the data and VoIP.
With dedicated internet mentioned above, you'll also have SLA's to guarantee performance, QoS (Quality of Service) for your voice calls as well as enterprise support, managed routers, circuit monitoring etc etc.
We install internet access and VoIP all over the world for our SpiceHead clients. T1's (1.5Mx1.5M) start around $175/mo and end about $450 depending on your location. AT&T region fiber starts around $500/mo for 5x5, $600 for 10x10, $800 for 20x20 etc etc.
Happy to help find you a good solution for you. We are a telecom master agency partnered with 250+ ISP's, VoIP and Cloud providers around the world - all with better than direct pricing and better support/escalation channels at every carrier.
PM me if you want to review all of your options. You can also request help on our website: www.commquotes.com/spiceworks.
We do this for SpiceHeads all day every day. Spicy reviews -->SpiceHead Reviews
Jul 22, 2015 at 14:18 UTC
Yeah, do NOT use satellite for VOIP if at all possible. We have to use it for our drilling rigs in remote locations and VOIP does work to some extent, but normally it is very choppy and/or delayed on calls.
Jul 22, 2015 at 14:20 UTC
Only as an absolute last resort. Satellite internet connections have horrendous delay times. I wouldn't attempt VoIP on one at all - I'd go back to analog phones.
Jul 22, 2015 at 15:09 UTC
Most communications satellites are located in the Geostationary Orbit (GSO) at an altitude of approximately 35,786 km above the equator. If you are located on the equator and are communicating with a satellite directly overhead then the total distance (up and down again) is nearly 72,000 km so the time delay is 240 ms. That's almost ¼ of a second. In real world conditions it always works out to be between 500 and 1000ms (average 800 – 850 in my experience). As VoIP uses an RTSP UDP stream it will usually work but is far from ideal and usually much more expensive than terrestrial links.
Usual approach is to install a separate terrestrial link used for VoIP only. Only way to know how well this will work is to try it as there are too many variables and no QoS on the Internet. For instance one variable is that separate DSLs in the same telephone cable bundle can interfere with each other :)
Jul 22, 2015 at 17:17 UTC
Absolutely not. Satellite has the worst latency of any internet connection. I also would not recommend moving your voice over to that fiber line with only 6/1 mbps speeds. Surely on a fiber line you can get more than that?
Jul 22, 2015 at 17:32 UTC
Thanks for the info on Satellite. I did not think about it seriously, especially for VoIP, but thats how far of a stretch it is for us to get a decent ISP. As some of you pointed out, the building has DSL now, not fiber. Sorry for the confusion.
Jul 22, 2015 at 18:02 UTC
I wouldn't use satellite for voice - 600 odd milliseconds of latency minimum.
which I have seen kill a VPN connection as it can't address the latency.
Jul 22, 2015 at 21:12 UTC
Satellite and VOIP will not work... you have a minimum latency of 800ms... and Ive seen it as high as 1600ms
Jul 22, 2015 at 21:53 UTC
In one of my sites, I only had DSL as a option. We had a 7/1 line option We ordered 4 DSL lines, and combined them with our PfSense router. So, combined we had 28 down and 4 up. Our VoIP phones took priority over anything else (Setup QoS). Worked alright, I had 25 users running off the lines for a year before I had fiber installed.
Jul 23, 2015 at 14:13 UTC
I keep seeing Phil whenever I see these threads...
He is right though. Stay away from satellite connections.
Just to throw it out there, though... you can run VOIP over a satellite connection. I've done it for many, many years. It just sucks to do it that way. You can mitigate the latency, but by the time you finish spending the money and time it is not worth it unless you are in a warzone or Antarctica.
Jul 23, 2015 at 14:19 UTC
Brand Representative for CommQuotes
I keep seeing Phil whenever I see these threads....
I'm inside your computer right now, watching you. :)
Jul 23, 2015 at 16:02 UTC
I keep seeing Phil whenever I see these threads....
I'm inside your computer right now, watching you. :)
I don't doubt it at this point....
Jul 24, 2015 at 09:12 UTC
Do not expect to the satellite internet. Run the VoIP, check here http://en.ofweek.com/VoIP-Products-10160203
This discussion has been inactive for over a year.
You may get a better answer to your question by starting a new discussion.


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Sunday, June 14, 2009
Things That Make a Girl Peevish...
My apartment building has been having water problems pretty much all year and I can deal with that. I can even deal with the brown water and sediment spitting out of the pipes. I felt a little like the Laura Ingalls Wilder of the East Village last weekend when my water was out all day and I was heating water in the kettle in order to bathe and I wasn't totally aggravated although I wouldn't say I was thrilled. But when I got home from vacation today to find my toilet not working, I was not at all happy. I just spent time backpacking, people . . . all I want this afternoon is a toilet that actually flushes without my dumping 5 gallons of water into the tank.
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I know I've been trying really hard not to use that word, but today's just been one of those days.
I bailed on my run. It's cold. It's dark. I'm tired. I need to make cookies. All excuses, I know. Oh, and spending the time to put my hair in rollers before I go to work is pointless--my hair + humidity at work = flat hair. *le sigh*
My plan for the night: bake the cookies I mixed up last night, have a bath, go to bed.
Good family news today: SIL passed her big exam so no more cranky pants at their house! It's a big coup, as only 44% of people who wrote the exam passed. She's a smart cookie, that one. =)
Second batch of good news: fancy schmancy city lawyer (as opposed to small town cousin lawyer) called--court date for discoveries booked in June. Justice will finally be served!
When do the days start getting longer?! I'm ready to hibernate!
Tuesday, December 22, 2009
Tired Tuesday
I know I've been trying really hard not to use that word, but today's just been one of those days.
Posted by H-woman at 6:05 PM
3 comments:
- Dairy Free Betty said...
Sounds like you need a long bath and a glass of vino!! :)
- December 22, 2009 at 7:17 PM
- Shirls said...
I soooo need those longer days too! I was just thinking the same thing but at least now we are on the gaining daylight side.
sounds like SIL is one hell of a smart cookie, congrats to her!
- December 23, 2009 at 7:40 AM
- Patsy said...
I think you deserve a day off from running!
Big pats on the back to your SIL for passing her exam. :o)
- December 23, 2009 at 9:23 AM