text:
Incidence of endophthalmitis after 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy.
Lin, Zhong; Feng, Xiaofen; Zheng, Liya; Moonasar, Nived; Shen, Lijun; Wu, Ronghan; Chen, Feng
Endophthalmitis is a rare but severe complication following PPV. The incidence of endophthalmitis varies between 20-gauge, 23-gauge, and 25-gauge incisions. The incidence and clinical features of endophthalmitis after 23-gauge PPV in an eye hospital in China was reported in this study. Data of the eyes that underwent 23-gauge PPV from January 2011 to December 2014 at the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University was retrospectively collected. All the information was obtained from the electronic medical system. The exclusion criteria included: (1) preoperative diagnosis of endophthalmitis; (2) history of vitrectomy; (3) intraocular surgery within 6 months; (4) history of ocular penetrating trauma; (5) sutures for any of the 3 sclerotomy incisions; (6) patients with cancer, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, or taking drugs that may influence the immune system. The diagnosis of endophthalmitis was based on clinical characteristics and/or culture results from an operative sample. Three thousand nine hundred seventy nine eyes that underwent 23-gauge PPV surgery were included in this study. Among these eyes, 3 eyes developed endophthalmitis after surgery, giving an incidence of 0.075% (3/3979). The period in which endophthalmitis developed ranged from 1 to 5 days post-operation. The visual acuity decreased to hand motions or light perception postoperatively. The culture of aqueous and vitreous of the 2 eyes revealed Staphylococcus epidermidis and enterococcus faecalis respectively, however was negative for the third eye. All 3 eyes had a favorable response to the treatment of vitreous tap and intravitreal antibiotics injection. Two eyes gained visual acuity of 0.05 and 0.5, respectively at the final visit. Endophthalmitis is a rare but sight-threatening complication after 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy. The peak duration of onset was within 5 days post-operation, with gram positive cocci being the common pathogenic organism.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
René Klega
Full Text Available The article analyzes the current status of production planning in company Pars Komponenty s.r.o., proposes a new method of planning based on application of the principle of MRP. It is a discrete type of production with high complexity of BOM and MTO (Make-to-Order and ETO (Engineering-to-Order from the point of decoupling point. The original planning system plans according to production capacity backward without collisions, but for a given type of production does not work in practice. Planning system was analyzed and the main problems were identified, which were high work in progress and material stocks. This article target is to propose a new planining system based on the inclusion of time reserves of purchased material items. New planning system was tested in practise with benefit in reducing both the material inventory and work in progress.
Determination of production biology of cladocera in a reservoir receiving hyperthermal effluents from a nuclear production reactor. [Par Pond
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Vigerstad, T J
The effects on zooplankton of residence in a cooling reservoir receiving hyperthermal effluents directly from a nuclear-production-reactor were studied. Rates of cladoceran population production were compared at two stations in the winter and summer of 1976 on Par Pond located on the Savannah River Plant, Aiken, SC. One station was located in an area of the reservoir directly receiving hyperthermal effluent (Station MAS) and the second was located about 4 km away in an area where surface temperatures were normal for reservoirs in the general geographical region (Station CAS). A non-parametric comparison between stations of standing stock and fecundity data for Bosmina longirostris, taken for the egg ratio model, was used to observe potential hyperthermal effluent effects. There was a statistically higher incidence of deformed eggs in the Bosmina population at Station MAS in the summer. Bosmina standing stock underwent two large oscillations in the winter and three large oscillations in the summer at Station MAS compared with two in the winter and one in the summer at Station CAS. These results are consistent with almost all other Par Pond studies which have found the two stations to be essentially similar in spectra composition but with some statistically significant differences in various aspects of the biology of the species.
Optimisation de la production d'éthanol par les techniques d ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Nous avons évalué les paramètres optimum pour la production d'alcool à partir de l'efficacité d'hydrolyse de l'amidon: chimique (HCl), enzymatique (amylase de Aspergillus niger ou de malt) et mixte (chimique et enzymatique). La fermentation alcoolique par la levure de bière est suivie, à travers l'influence du pH, de la ...
Incidência Pélvica: um parâmetro fundamental para definição do equilíbrio sagital da coluna vertebral Incidência pélvica: un parámetro fundamental para definir el equilibrio sagital de la columna Pelvic incidence: a fundamental parameter for defining the sagittal balance of the spine
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Sérgio Afonso Henneman
Full Text Available Este trabalho propõe um parâmetro anatômico, a incidência pélvica, como fator chave para a compreensão do alinhamento da coluna vertebral. Existe estreita relação, tanto para indivíduos normais como para indivíduos com deformidades da coluna, entre o parâmetro anatômico de incidência pélvica e a inclinação sacral, determinantes da lordose lombar. O ângulo de Cobb e a rotação vertebral apical servem de instrumento para o entendimento do aspecto tridimensional da coluna vertebral e das relações entre a pelve e a coluna. Uma equação preditiva para lordose é apresentada. A incidência pélvica parece ser o fator determinante do equilíbrio sagital da coluna. Ela determina as curvas da coluna vertebral, variando conforme outros parâmetros.En este trabajo se propone un parámetro anatómico, la incidencia de la pelvis, como el factor clave para entender la alineación de la columna vertebral. Hay estrecha relación, tanto para el normal y para las personas con deformidades de la columna entre el parámetro anatómico de la incidencia de la pelvis y la inclinación del sacro, determinantes de la lordosis lumbar. El ángulo de Cobb y la rotación vertebral apical sirven como una herramienta para entender el aspecto tridimensional de la columna vertebral y de su relación con la pelvis. Se presenta una ecuación de predicción para la lordosis. La incidencia pélvica parece ser el factor determinante del equilibrio sagital de la columna. Dicha ecuación determina las curvas de la columna y varía según otros parámetros.This paper proposes an anatomical parameter, the pelvic incidence, as the key factor for managing the spinal balance. There is a close relationship for both normal individuals and those with spinal deformities between the anatomical parameter of pelvic incidence and the sacral slope, which determine lumbar lordosis. The Cobb angle and the apical vertebral rotation serve as a tool for understanding the three
Les subsidences provoquées par la production des fluides souterrains Subsidence Induced by the Production of Fluids
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Bouteca M.
Full Text Available Cet article est consacré à l'étude de l'affaissement de la surface du sol provoqué par la production de fluides (eau, hydrocarbures. On présente d'abord les méthodes disponibles pour mesurer cette subsidence, qui atteignent aujourd'hui une grande précision. A partir des cas répertoriés dans la littérature, on met en évidence les mécanismes qui sont à l'origine de la subsidence : compaction du réservoir et compaction des aquitards en relation avec la déplétion, mécanismes liés à l'injection de fluides dans certains cas particuliers (fluage thermique, action de l'eau sur la craie. Ces mécanismes doivent être pris en compte par des modèles progressivement enrichis par la description géologique, pétrophysique et mécanique confrontée aux mesures en place. Le contrôle de la subsidence repose sur le contrôle de la pression en place, maintenue par un fluide compatible avec la formation. Si ce contrôle est mis en oeuvre assez tôt le risque de subsidence est pratiquement nul. This article is devoted to the investigation of soil surface subsidence caused by the production of fluids (water, oil and gas. It first describes the methods available for measuring this subsidence, methods that have become extremely accurate today. Cases are selected from the literature to identify the mechanisms causing subsidence: reservoir and aquifer compaction associated with depletion, mechanisms connected with fluid injections in specific cases (thermal creep, action of water on chalk. These mechanisms must be taken into account by models progressively enriched with geological, petrophysical and mechanical descriptions, substantiated by in situ measurements. Subsidence control demands the control of the in situ pressure, maintained by a fluid compatible with the formation. If this control is applied early enough, the risk of subsidence is virtually nil.
The pro-inflammatory biomarker soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is associated with incident type 2 diabetes among overweight but not obese individuals with impaired glucose regulation
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Heraclides, A; Jensen, T M; Rasmussen, S S
Treatment in People with Screen-Detected Diabetes in Primary Care (ADDITION) and for whom data on suPAR, BMI and smoking were available. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds for incident type 2 diabetes per twofold increase in suPAR levels. Interactions between both smoking and body......Recent evidence links the soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), a stable biomarker of systemic immune activation, to several chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes. suPAR is also associated with adiposity and smoking. We hypothesised that this biomarker would be linked...... to incident type 2 diabetes in individuals with impaired glucose regulation and that this association would be modified by smoking and body weight status. The study included 1,933 participants with impaired glucose regulation, who were drawn from the Danish arm of the Anglo-Danish-Dutch Study of Intensive...
Is dairy product consumption associated with the incidence of CHD?
Avalos, Elisea E; Barrett-Connor, Elizabeth; Kritz-Silverstein, Donna; Wingard, Deborah L; Bergstrom, Jaclyn N; Al-Delaimy, Wael K
Studies examining the association of dairy consumption with incident CHD have yielded inconsistent results. The current prospective study examined the association between dairy consumption and CHD in a population-based sample of older community-dwelling adults. Baseline CHD risk factors were assessed and an FFQ was self-administered. Participants were followed for morbidity and mortality with periodic clinic visits and annual mailed questionnaires for an average of 16?2 years, with a 96% follow-up rate for fatal and non-fatal CHD. Community. Participants were 751 men and 1008 women aged 50–93 years who attended a clinic visit in 1984–1987. At baseline the mean age was 70.6 (SD 9.8) years for men and 70.1 (SD 9.3) years for women. Participants who developed CHD during follow-up were significantly older (P cholesterol (P = 0.050), and were more likely to be male (P cholesterol and oestrogen use (in women) indicated that women who consumed low-fat cheese 'sometimes/often' and women who consumed non-fat milk 'sometimes/often' had an increased risk of incident CHD (hazard ratio 52.32; 95% CI 1.57, 3.41) and CHD (hazard ratio 51.48; 95% CI 1.02, 2.16) compared with women who 'never/rarely' ate these dairy products. Woman with higher intake of low-fat cheese and non-fat milk seem to have a higher risk of incident CHD. This needs further investigation considering recent evidence of cardiovascular benefits from certain dairy fat.
Entamoeba histolytica-secreted cysteine proteases induce IL-8 production in human mast cells via a PAR2-independent mechanism
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Lee Young Ah
Full Text Available Entamoeba histolytica is an extracellular tissue parasite causing colitis and occasional liver abscess in humans. E. histolytica-derived secretory products (SPs contain large amounts of cysteine proteases (CPs, one of the important amoebic virulence factors. Although tissue-residing mast cells play an important role in the mucosal inflammatory response to this pathogen, it is not known whether the SPs induce mast cell activation. In this study, when human mast cells (HMC-1 cells were stimulated with SPs collected from pathogenic wild-type amoebae, interleukin IL-8 mRNA expression and production were significantly increased compared with cells incubated with medium alone. Inhibition of CP activity in the SPs with heat or the CP inhibitor E64 resulted in significant reduction of IL-8 production. Moreover, SPs obtained from inhibitors of cysteine protease (ICP-overexpressing amoebae with low CP activity showed weaker stimulatory effects on IL-8 production than the wild-type control. Preincubation of HMC-1 cells with antibodies to human protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2 did not affect the SP-induced IL-8 production. These results suggest that cysteine proteases in E. histolytica-derived secretory products stimulate mast cells to produce IL-8 via a PAR2-independent mechanism, which contributes to IL-8-mediated tissue inflammatory responses during the early phase of human amoebiasis.
Safer travel, improved economic productivity : incident management systems
This brochure gives an overview of how incident management technologies can be used to reduce incident-related congestion and increase road safety. It focuses on the need for interagency cooperation and the benefits that can be derived from the coope...
Oil product sales in 2010 - Results per product and per district; Les ventes de produits petroliers en 2010 - Resultats par produit et par departement
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Korman, Bernard; Lauverjat, Jean
This document proposes tables of data corresponding to sales of different oil products (super unleaded petrol, Diesel fuel, domestic heating oil, heavy fuels) in metropolitan France in 2011, in the French districts and regions, and in the coastal districts and regions for the maritime sector (fishing activity, ships).
Study of cerenkov radiation. Production of {gamma} rays by electron accelerators; Etude du rayonnement de freinage. Production de rayons {gamma} par des accelerateurs d'electrons
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Bernard, J. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires
This study is a critical comparison of the theories of Bremsstrahlung. Experimental results obtained by the production of {gamma} radiation with electron accelerators are compared to the theoretical results in order to estimate the extent to which the various theories are valid. (author) [French] Cette etude est une synthese des theories du rayonnement de freinage. Des resultats experimentaux, obtenus par la production de rayonnements {gamma} avec des accelerateurs d'electrons, sont compares aux resultats theoriques afin d'evaluer les domaines de validite des diverses theories. (auteur)
Incidence de la densite sur les performances de production, la ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
L'étude montre l'incidence du facteur densités sur les résultats d'élevage, le rendement carcasse, la qualité organoleptique et le comportement de deux souches de poulets chair élevées au Bénin. Au total, 180 poulets de chair soit 90 poulets de chacune des souches Ross et Cobb 500 répartis en 4 traitements de trois ...
La datation par thermoluminescence face à la production d'un nouveau type de faux
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Isabelle Gerardy
Full Text Available La thermoluminescence a été utilisée depuis plus de 30 ans pour évaluer l'ancienneté de certains échantillons archéologiques. Depuis plusieurs années, certains faussaires essayent de tromper le test en utilisant différentes techniques telles que l'irradiation artificielles de poteries récentes ou la réutilisation de tessons anciens pour fabriquer des faux présentant un signal de TL. Toute fois, certaines techniques telles que la recherche de traces d'enfouissement par binoculaire et l'analyse stylistique permettent de mettre les faux à jour.The thermoluminescence phenomenon has been use since more than 30 years to evaluate the age of certain archaeological samples. Since a couple of year, some try to pass over this test using different techniques like the artificial irradiation of recent objects or the re-use of some pieces of ancient potteries to manufacture object showing a real TL signal. Fortunately, some other analysis techniques like binocular observation or an analyse of the object style are able to distinguish true from false.
Production of X-ray transition radiation with relativistic electrons propagating at grazing incidence
Couillaud, C
This paper is concerned with the production of X-ray transition radiation when a relativistic electron crosses the interface between two media of different permittivities at the grazing incidence. The production yields are derived analytically when a thick interface is considered and are compared with those obtained when the electron crosses the interface at normal incidence. The production of X-ray photons having an energy between two photoabsorption edges or close to a photoabsorption edge is also investigated. The main features of the transition radiation produced are then exhibited and it is shown that the intensity can be increased by many orders of magnitude. We also show that, at grazing incidence, the backward transition radiation has an intensity close to the forward emission one, contrary to the normal incidence case. The production of quasi-monochromatic radiation is also presented. Finally, the production of X-ray transition radiation using a multilayer radiator is considered and compared in both ...
Debos, Franck
International audience; Les réseaux numériques, entraînent une évolution radicale des relations entre les individus et les organisations par la modification du processus d'échange et de leurs comportements . Dans ce contexte, les communautés virtuelles sont devenues un phénomène incontournable et les organisations doivent tenir compte de la volonté de participation de l'individu au sein de leurs stratégies, volonté souvent relayée par les blogs et réseaux sociaux numériques . Notre recherche ...
Use of surface water in drinking water production associated with municipal Legionnaires' disease incidence
den Boer, J. W.; Coutinho, R. A.; Yzerman, E. P. F.; van der Sande, M. A. B.
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Given an observed geographical variation in Legionnaires' disease incidence in The Netherlands, the aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that the type of drinking water production was an independent determinant of the incidence of Legionnaires' disease. DESIGN: For the
Health and productivity of commuter railroad employees involved in critical incidents.
ABSTRACTThe effects of accidentstermed Critical Incidentson the health and productivity of rail transit workers have not been fully investigated. Anecdotal evidence suggests lasting effects of these incidents. Surveys were obtained from 363 com...
Cancer Incidence of 2,4-D Production Workers
Burns, Carol; Bodner, Kenneth; Swaen, Gerard; Collins, James; Beard, Kathy; Lee, Marcia
Despite showing no evidence of carcinogenicity in laboratory animals, the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) has been associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in some human epidemiology studies, albeit inconsistently. We matched an existing cohort of 2,4-D manufacturing employees with cancer registries in three US states resulting in 244 cancers compared to 276 expected cases. The Standardized Incidence Ratio (SIR) for the 14 NHL cases was 1.36 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.74–2.29). Risk estimates were higher in the upper cumulative exposure and duration subgroups, yet not statistically significant. There were no clear patterns of NHL risk with period of hire and histology subtypes. Statistically significant results were observed for prostate cancer (SIR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.57–0.94), and "other respiratory" cancers (SIR = 3.79, 95% CI 1.22–8.84; 4 of 5 cases were mesotheliomas). Overall, we observed fewer cancer cases than expected, and a non statistically significant increase in the number of NHL cases. PMID:22016704
Changes in water chemistry and primary productivity of a reactor cooling reservoir (Par Pond)
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Tilly, L.J.
Water chemistry and primary productivity of a reactor cooling reservoir have been studied for 8 years. Initially the primary productivity increased sixfold, and the dissolved solids doubled. The dissolved-solids increase appears to have been caused by additions of makeup water from the Savannah River and by evaporative concentration during the cooling process. As the dissolved-solids concentrations and the conductivity of makeup water leveled off, the primary productivity stabilized. Major cation and anion concentrations generally followed total dissolved solids through the increase and plateau; however, silica concentrations declined steadily during the initial period of increased plankton productivity. Standing crops of net seston and centrifuge seston did not increase during this initial period. The collective data show the effects of thermal input to a cooling reservoir, illustrate the need for limnological studies before reactor siting, and suggest the possibility of using makeup-water additions to power reactor cooling basins as a reservoir management tool
Transmission and Distribution of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) for Biomass Production in Exploration Missions [7226-270], Phase II
National Aeronautics and Space Administration — Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to develop a plant lighting system which collects, transmits and distributes photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) for...
Transmission and Distribution of Photosymthetically Active Radiation (PAR) for Biomass Production in Exploration Missions [7216-050], Phase I
National Aeronautics and Space Administration — Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to develop a plant lighting system which collects, transmits and distributes photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) for...
Miriti artifacts (Mauritia flexuosa L. f. in Abaetetuba, Pará State, Brazil: from production to marketing
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ronize da Silva Santos
Full Text Available The palm tree Mauritia flexuosa L. f. (Miriti provides the raw materials to basketry and toys, with economic and cultural significance to Amazon estuary communities. This paper surveyed the production and marketing of panniers and miriti toys in Abaetetuba, State of Pará, Brazil. The research was conducted in the riverine hamlet of Cutininga and in two craftsmen associations of Abaetetuba city, with semi-structured and non-structured interviews, totalizing 18 informants. Among marketed basketry items, panniers were the only products consistently sold, providing a steady flow of income for the residents of Cutininga. The commercialization of miriti toys has made increasing headway each year, with peak production and sales during October, on the occasion of the religious festival of the Círio de Nossa Senhora de Nazaré. Both toys and panniers have made their mark in the commercialization of craftwork. The miriti toys, made from Mauritia flexuosa L. f. fronds, have higher economic value for the county of Abaetetuba as a whole. Yet, for the community of Cutininga, panniers have a higher marketing value.
Teaching and Learning in Chemical Product Engineering - an Evolving par of the Chemical Engineering Curriculum
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Vigild, Martin Etchells; Kiil, Søren; Wesselingh, Johannes
and preparing a text book on the subject. [1] Chemical Product Engineering is solidly based on chemical technical and engineering knowledge. Furthermore, the subject naturally calls for a holistic approach to teaching and learning and introduces elements which target transferable and professional engineering...... the individual to become more assertive and understanding of personal assets. These teaching elements included in Chemical Product Engineering represent a series of general issues in Chemical Engineering Education, which must be discussed as the education is going to adapt to the changes of the surrounding world...
Ergonomics Risk Assessment with Participation of Supervisors in Production Line: a Successful Experience in Pars Khodro Company
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Adel Mazloumi
Full Text Available Background & Objectives: According to previous researches, workers' participation in issues affecting their working condition is the key to success in ergonomics interventions in working environments. Therefore, the present study was performed to increase active particapitation of supervisors in production line and also to identify and assess ergonomics risks and presenting modification actions (Kaizen by themselves in Pars Khodro automobile manufacturing company. Methods: A manual regarding lifting objects and body postures, according to the Finish evaluation method, was provided for supervisors in production line and related trainings were presented to them. Then, they were asked to insert the results of their assessments and suggestions in special forms during one year. The presented assessments and suggestions were examined by ergonomics experts. Results: According to the assessments conducted by supervisors, 26 work stations had high ergonomics risks, 51 had ergonomics risks with an average level, and 45 had low ergonomics risks. Moreover, the number of required Kaizens presented by supervisors was increased from 18 cases in the first year to 42 cases in the second year, after implementation of ergonomics training and identifying and assessing ergonomic risks by supervisors. Conclusion: Empowering and training supervisors increased workers' participation. In case of adequate training, supervisors can present practical solutions to reduce ergonomics risks in their workstations.
Effect of the incidence angle of disjunctive displacements on equipment set productivity
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Kozel, K.K. (L' vovsko-Volynskaya GREh (USSR))
Deals with the effect of the incidence angle of the dislocation plane on mining equipment productivity in the Chervonograd region of the L'vov-Volynsk coal basin. It was found that of the approximately 210 tectonic dislocations analyzed, 40% had an incidence angle of the dislocation plane of 21-40 degrees. A coefficient of production level has been introduced defined as the ratio of working face advance in disturbed zones to advance in undisturbed zones. Mean working face advance was 49.7 m/month. Variation of the coefficient of production level with the incidence angle of the dislocation plane is discussed and regression equations are given for the coefficient for three shearer loader types (1K-101, K-52, 1GSh-68). The effect of the canopy coefficient on the coefficient of production level is also considered. Recommendations that concern the increase in advance rates during crossing of tectonic disurbances are given.
Fuels production by the thermochemical transformation of the biomass; La production de carburants par transformation thermochimique de la biomasse
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Claudet, G. [CEA, 75 - Paris (France)
The biomass is a local and renewable energy source, presenting many advantages. This paper proposes to examine the biomass potential in France, the energy valorization channels (thermochemical chains of thermolysis and gasification) with a special interest for the hydrogen production and the research programs oriented towards the agriculture and the forest. (A.L.B.)
Production of Olefins and Higher Hydrocarbons by Thermal Coupling of Methane Production d'oléfines et d'hydrocarbures supérieurs par couplage thermique du méthane
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Weill J.
Full Text Available Thermal coupling of methane or methane pyrolysis, which is a possible way for the direct chemical conversion of natural gas, can be used to produce ethylene, acetylene and benzene. But the high stability of methane requires a very high pyrolysis temperature (1200°C. To perform this reaction, IFP decided to build and elecric pilot furnace with an overall capacity of 10 m3/h. The design of this furnace is based on shell-and-tube heat exchanger technology with the use of new materials such as ceramics. This furnace has now been operating for more than one year without any noteworthy incident. First we will describe the technological and parametric study that has now been completed. In conclusion, we will make a short economic assessment of the production of ethylene and acetylene in France. Dans le domaine de la conversion du gaz naturel en hydrocarbures supérieurs, il nous a paru intéressant de reconsidérer la pyrolyse du méthane. Contrairement au couplage oxydant [1, 2], il s'agit d'une réaction très ancienne [3] n'ayant fait l'objet que de travaux épisodiques dans le passé [4, 5]. En effet, compte-tenu de sa réactivité très faible, le méthane doit être porté à très haute température, de l'ordre de 1 200°C, pour produire par couplage thermique principalement de l'éthylène de l'acétylène, du benzène, du coke et de l'hydrogène. Ce qui a gouverné notre démarche et la reprise de travaux sur cette réaction, était l'idée que les nouvelles technologies et spécialement les nouveaux matériaux réfractaires tels que les matériaux céramiques devaient permettre de réaliser de nouveaux designs de réacteurs pour mettre en oeuvre cette réaction. Lors d'une étude paramétrique préliminaire [8], réalisée sur un micro-pilote de faible capacité (50 l/h, nous avons pu obtenir des résultats intéressants, parmi lesquels nous avons sélectionné un bilan matière moyen , qui représente un compromis entre les imp
Patulin: incidence and control in apple products / Patulina: incidência e controle em derivados de maçã
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Crispin Humberto Garcia-Cruz
Full Text Available The patulin, (4hydroxy-4furo[3,2-c]pyran(6H-1,, is a thermal resistent mycotoxin produced by several species of fungi are common in plants, mainly in derivatives and apples. Studies on the toxicity in animals have shown that mycotoxin has character teratogenic, and carcinogenic in mice immunotoxic. Its biosynthesis is well understood involving a series of reactions of condensation and oxiredução, many catalyzed by enzymes. The danger of contamination of food with patulin, warning about the need for a more rigorous control. Recent research aimed their removal and degradation as well as increase the sensitivity of the tests, making them faster and at less cost. The removal of patulin of food is made with composite adsorbents, with inconvenience to diminish the quality of the product by adsorbs other components desirable. The degradation is made with sulfur compounds, which are not allowed in food in many countries, and the growth of yeasts, such as the production of cider. Many yeasts have resistance against patulin and produce compounds capable degrade it. Here, we reviewed research on patulin with emphasis on its influence in food industry, incidence of patulin in apple juice and other foods, maximum permissible concentrations, health effects, biosynthesis, removal, degradation and most widely used methods for its detection and quantification.A patulina, 4hidroxi-4furo[3,2-c] pirano(6H-1, micotoxina termo-resistente, é produzida por várias espécies de fungos, comuns em vegetais, produtos derivados e principalmente em maçãs. Estudos sobre a toxicidade em animais demonstraram esta micotoxina possui caráter teratogênico, cancerígeno e imunotóxico em camundongos. Sua biossíntese é bem compreendida envolvendo uma série de reações de condensação e de oxiredução, muitas catalisadas por enzimas. O perigo da contaminação de alimentos com patulina, alerta sobre a necessidade de um controle mais rigoroso. Pesquisas recentes objetivam
Listeria monocytogenes incidence changes and diversity in some Brazilian dairy industries and retail products.
Oxaran, Virginie; Lee, Sarah Hwa In; Chaul, Luíza Toubas; Corassin, Carlos Humberto; Barancelli, Giovana Verginia; Alves, Virgínia Farias; de Oliveira, Carlos Augusto Fernandes; Gram, Lone; De Martinis, Elaine Cristina Pereira
Listeria monocytogenes can cause listeriosis, a severe foodborne disease. In Brazil, despite very few reported cases of listeriosis, the pathogen has been repeatedly isolated from dairies. This has led the government to implement specific legislation to reduce the hazard. Here, we determined the incidence of L. monocytogenes in five dairies and retail products in the Southeast and Midwest regions of Brazil over eight months. Of 437 samples, three samples (0.7%) from retail and only one sample (0.2%) from the dairies were positive for L. monocytogenes. Thus, the contamination rate was significantly reduced as compared to previous studies. MultiLocus Sequence Typing (MLST) was used to determine if contamination was caused by new or persistent clones leading to the first MLST profile of L. monocytogenes from the Brazilian dairy industry. The processing environment isolate is of concern being a sequence-type (ST) 2, belonging to the lineage I responsible for the majority of listeriosis outbreaks. Also, ST3 and ST8 found in commercialized cheese have previously been reported in outbreaks. Despite the lower incidence, dairy products still pose a potential health risk and the occurrence of L. monocytogenes in dairies and retail products emphasize the need for continuous surveillance of this pathogen in the Brazilian dairy industry. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Large-angle production of charged pions with incident pion beams on nuclear targets
Apollonio, M.; Bagulya, A.; Barr, G.; Blondel, A.; Bobisut, F.; Bogomilov, M.; Bonesini, M.; Booth, C.; Borghi, S.; Bunyatov, S.; Burguet-Castell, J.; Catanesi, M.G.; Cervera-Villanueva, A.; Chimenti, P.; Coney, L.; Di Capua, E.; Dore, U.; Dumarchez, J.; Edgecock, R.; Ellis, M.; Ferri, F.; Gastaldi, U.; Giani, S.; Giannini, G.; Gibin, D.; Gilardoni, S.; Gorbunov, P.; Gossling, C.; Gomez-Cadenas, J.J.; Grant, A.; Graulich, J.S.; Gregoire, G.; Grichine, V.; Grossheim, A.; Guglielmi, A.; Howlett, L.; Ivanchenko, A.; Ivanchenko, V.; Kayis-Topaksu, A.; Kirsanov, M.; Kolev, D.; Krasnoperov, A.; Martin-Albo, J.; Meurer, C.; Mezzetto, M.; Mills, G.B.; Morone, M.C.; Novella, P.; Orestano, D.; Palladino, V.; Panman, J.; Papadopoulos, I.; Pastore, F.; Piperov, S.; Polukhina, N.; Popov, B.; Prior, G.; Radicioni, E.; Schmitz, D.; Schroeter, R.; Skoro, G.; Sorel, M.; Tcherniaev, E.; Temnikov, P.; Tereschenko, V.; Tonazzo, A.; Tortora, L.; Tsenov, R.; Tsukerman, I.; Vidal-Sitjes, G.; Wiebusch, C.; Zucchelli, P.
Measurements of the double-differential pi+/- production cross-section in the range of momentum 100 MeV/c <= p <= 800 MeV/c and angle 0.35 rad <= theta <= 2.15 rad using pi+/- beams incident on beryllium, aluminium, carbon, copper, tin, tantalum and lead targets are presented. The data were taken with the large acceptance HARP detector in the T9 beam line of the CERN PS. The secondary pions were produced by beams in a momentum range from 3 GeV/c to 12.9 GeV/c hitting a solid target with a thickness of 5% of a nuclear interaction length. The tracking and identification of the produced particles was performed using a small-radius cylindrical time projection chamber (TPC) placed inside a solenoidal magnet. Incident particles were identified by an elaborate system of beam detectors. Results are obtained for the double-differential cross-sections d2sigma/dpdtheta at six incident beam momenta. Data at 3 GeV/c, 5 GeV/c, 8 GeV/c, and 12 GeV/c are available for all targets while additional data at 8.9 GeV/...
Cancer incidence among Finnish male cobalt production workers in 1969-2013: a cohort study.
Sauni, Riitta; Oksa, Panu; Uitti, Jukka; Linna, Asko; Kerttula, Raimo; Pukkala, Eero
There is inadequate evidence for the carcinogenicity of cobalt and cobalt compounds in humans. Consequently, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has evaluated cobalt metal without tungsten carbide as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). The aim of the study was to assess the risk of cancer among workers employed in a Finnish cobalt plant since the beginning of production in 1968. The study cohort consisted of all males employed by the Finnish cobalt plant for at least a year during 1968-2004. The follow-up for cancer was performed by studying the files of the Finnish Cancer Registry, using personal identity codes as a key. The cohort was divided into subcohorts by exposure levels. Standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated as ratios of the observed numbers of cancer cases and the numbers expected on the basis of incidence rates in the population of the same region. The follow-up cohort consisted of 995 men with 26,083 person-years. During the follow-up period, 92 cases of cancer were diagnosed (SIR 1.00, 95% CI 0.81-1.22), six of which were lung cancer cases (SIR 0.50; 95% CI 0.18-1.08). The only cancer type with increased incidence was tongue cancer (three cases, SIR 7.39; 95% CI 1.52-21.6). We observed no dose-response effect across the different exposure levels and the incidence of any cancer type. The results suggest that occupational exposure to cobalt is not associated with an increased overall cancer risk or lung cancer risk among cobalt workers. Because of the small number of cancer cases the results must be interpreted with caution.
Listeria monocytogenes incidence changes and diversity in some Brazilian dairy industries and retail products
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Oxaran, Virginie; In Lee, Sarah Hwa; Chaul, Luiza Toubas
the incidence of L. monocytogenes in five dairies and retail products in the Southeast and Midwest regions of Brazil over eight months. Of 437 samples, three samples (0.7%) from retail and only one sample (0.2%) from the dairies were positive for L. monocytogenes. Thus, the contamination rate was significantly...... reduced as compared to previous studies. MultiLocus Sequence Typing (MLST) was used to determine if contamination was caused by new or persistent clones leading to the first MLST profile of L. monocytogenes from the Brazilian dairy industry. The processing environment isolate is of concern being....... monocytogenes in dairies and retail products emphasize the need for continuous surveillance of this pathogen in the Brazilian dairy industry. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved....
Suplemento mineral aniônico para vacas no periparto: parâmetros sanguíneos, urinários e incidência de patologias de importância na bovinocultura leiteira
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Gisele F. Greghi
Full Text Available A fim de avaliar o efeito do suplemento mineral aniônico sobre parâmetros sanguíneos, urinários e incidência de hipocalcemia e retenção de placenta, dezoito vacas de aptidão leiteira com grau de sangue 7/8 Holandesa preta e branca, com 440-620 kg e 5-10 anos, foram divididas com delineamento em blocos em função da ordem de parto em dois grupos: controle (BCAD=46,38mEq/kg de MS e tratamento (com adição de suplemento mineral aniônico e BCAD = -249,28mEq/kg de MS. Foram monitorados níveis de cálcio total e pH na urina e soro sanguíneo; TCO2, pCO2, HCO3, excesso de base, cálcio ionizado, Na, K, Se no sangue; escore de condição corporal, hematócrito e hemoglobina. Os dados sanguíneos, urinários e ECC foram submetidos ao Proc Means do SAS (2000 com análise de variância a 5% e teste de Tukey e a incidência de retenção de placenta analisada por Mann-Whitney (P<0,07 e a concentração sérica de Se por teste t de Student (P<0,05, ambos pelo GraphPad Prism 5.0. O suplemento mineral aniônico diminuiu os valores de TCO2, pCO2, HCO3 e EB no sangue com menor perda de peso, mas a variação de pH e cálcio foi restrita ao tempo. O suplemento mineral aniônico não provocou leve acidose metabólica desejada e, consequentemente, não preveniu a hipocalcemia. Contudo, por apresentar Se em sua composição, proporcionou maior concentração deste micronutriente no soro e contribuiu para menor retenção de placenta.
Forward production of charged pions with incident protons on nuclear targets at the CERN Proton Synchrotron
Apollonio, M.; Bagulya, A.; Barr, G.; Blondel, A.; Bobisut, F.; Bogomilov, M.; Bonesini, M.; Booth, C.; Borghi, S.; Bunyatov, S.; Burguet-Castell, J.; Catanesi, M.G.; Cervera-Villanueva, A.; Chimenti, P.; Coney, L.; Di Capua, E.; Dore, U.; Dumarchez, J.; Edgecock, R.; Ellis, M.; Ferri, F.; Gastaldi, U.; Giani, S.; Giannini, G.; Gibin, D.; Gilardoni, S.; Gorbunov, P.; Gossling, C.; Gomez-Cadenas, J.J.; Grant, A.; Graulich, J.S.; Gregoire, G.; Grichine, V.; Grossheim, A.; Guglielmi, A.; Howlett, L.; Ivanchenko, A.; Ivanchenko, V.; Kayis-Topaksu, A.; Kirsanov, M.; Kolev, D.; Krasnoperov, A.; Martin-Albo, J.; Meurer, C.; Mezzetto, M.; Mills, G.B.; Morone, M.C.; Novella, P.; Orestano, D.; Palladino, V.; Panman, J.; Papadopoulos, I.; Pastore, F.; Piperov, Stefan; Polukhina, N.; Popov, B.; Prior, G.; Radicioni, E.; Schmitz, D.; Schroeter, R.; Serdiouk, V.; Skoro, G; Sorel, M.; Tcherniaev, E.; Temnikov, P.; Tereschenko, V.; Tonazzo, A.; Tortora, L.; Tsenov, R.; Tsukerman, I.; Vidal-Sitjes, G.; Wiebusch, C.; Zucchelli, P.
Measurements of the double-differential charged pion production cross-section in the range of momentum 0.5 GeV/c < p < 8.0 GeV/c and angle 0.025 rad < theta <0.25 rad in collisions of protons on beryllium, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, aluminium, copper, tin, tantalum and lead are presented. The data were taken with the large acceptance HARP detector in the T9 beam line of the CERN PS. Incident particles were identified by an elaborate system of beam detectors. The data were taken with thin targets of 5% of a nuclear interaction length. The tracking and identification of the produced particles was performed using the forward system of the HARP experiment. Results are obtained for the double-differential cross section mainly at four incident proton beam momenta (3 GeV/c, 5 GeV/c, 8 GeV/c and 12 GeV/c). Measurements are compared with the GEANT4 and MARS Monte Carlo generators. A global parametrization is provided as an approximation of all the collected datasets which can serve as a tool for quick yield...
The effect of perennials as green manure on cereal productivity and disease incidence
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Skuodiene, R.; Nekrosiene, R.
Field experiments were conducted at the Vezaiciai Branch of the Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry during the period 2002-2007. They were designed to ascertain the effects of phytomass of different perennial pre-crops used for green manure on the productivity and on the occurrence of foliar fungal diseases of cereal agrocenoses. Plant residues and phytomass ploughed down as green manures positively affected cereal indices of crop productivity not only for the first but for the second year as well. It influenced the productivity of cereal segments. The largest amount of metabolizable energy was in the yield of cereal sequence under white clover (Trifolium repens L.) 83.23-84.76% GJ ha{sup 1}. The potential accumulated by perennials of the second year of development was more efficiently utilised by winter triticale (Triticosecale Wittm.) cv. Tevo, and that of perennials of the third year of development was more efficiently utilised by spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cv. Ula. Perennials had a significant effect on the spread of foliar diseases in winter triticale (Triticosecale Wittm.) and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) agrocenoses. The severity of the disease was 1.1-1.3 times higher in the winter triticale (Triticosecale Wittm.) treatments with white clover (Trifolium repens L.) pre-crops. Foliar disease incidence and severity was 1.1-1.2 times higher in the agrocenoses of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) after legumes of the third year of development, especially after lucerne (Medicago sativa L.). (Author) 28 refs.
Towards universal approach for bacterial production of three-finger Ly6/uPAR proteins: Case study of cytotoxin I from cobra N. oxiana.
Shulepko, M A; Lyukmanova, E N; Shenkarev, Z O; Dubovskii, P V; Astapova, M V; Feofanov, A V; Arseniev, A S; Utkin, Y N; Kirpichnikov, M P; Dolgikh, D A
Cytotoxins or cardiotoxins is a group of polycationic toxins from cobra venom belonging to the 'three-finger' protein superfamily (Ly6/uPAR family) which includes small β-structural proteins (60-90 residues) with high disulfide bond content (4-5 disulfides). Due to a high cytotoxic activity for cancer cells, cytotoxins are considered as potential anticancer agents. Development of the high-throughput production methods is required for the prospective applications of cytotoxins. Here, efficient approach for bacterial production of recombinant analogue of cytotoxin I from N. oxiana containing additional N-terminal Met-residue (rCTX1) was developed. rCTX1 was produced in the form of E. coli inclusion bodies. Refolding in optimized conditions provided ∼6 mg of correctly folded protein from 1 L of bacterial culture. Cytotoxicity of rCTX1 for C6 rat glioma cells was found to be similar to the activity of wild type CTX1. The milligram quantities of 13 C, 15 N-labeled rCTX1 were obtained. NMR study confirmed the similarity of the spatial structures of recombinant and wild-type toxins. Additional Met residue does not perturb the overall structure of the three-finger core. The analysis of available data for different Ly6/uPAR proteins of snake and human origin revealed that efficiency of their folding in vitro is correlated with the number of proline residues in the third loop and the surface area of hydrophobic residues buried within the protein interior. The obtained data indicate that hydrophobic core is important for the folding of proteins with high disulfide bond content. Developed expression method opens new possibilities for structure-function studies of CTX1 and other related three-finger proteins. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
When are stockpiled products consumed faster? A convenience-salience framework of postpurchase consumption incidence and quantity
Chandon, P.; Wansink, B.
When people stockpile products, how do they decide when and how much they will consume? To answer this question, the authors develop a framework that shows how the salience and convenience of products influence postpurchase consumption incidence and quantity. Multiple research methods¿including
Hygienic-sanitary diagnosis and microbiological evaluation of dairy products from a dairy industry located in Tucuruí – Pará
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Elaine Lopes Figueiredo
Full Text Available This work evaluated the degree of compliance of a dairy industry in relation to Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP. The objectives were to identify the Critical Control Points (CCP and Control Points (CP in the pasteurized milk and strawberry yogurt processing chain; to evaluate the microbiological quality of the products, as well as the contamination index of the processing surfaces of a dairy industry located in the municipality of Tucuruí, Pará. Regarding the GMP evaluation, it was used the Collegiate Board Resolution 275 verification sheet. The steps of the flowcharts of the dairy products manufacturing chain were evaluated in order to identify PCCs and PCs and potential health hazards to the consumers. The microbiological analysis of the dairy products (total and thermo-tolerant coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus counts and Salmonela research followed the official methods of the American Public Health Association. Also, swab of 12 surfaces involved in the processing chain of the products were submitted to the same microbiological analysis. Based on the degree of compliance with GMP, the dairy industry was placed within the Group 1 category. The results of microbiological analysis in pasteurized milk and yoghurt were found to comply with the legal requirements. However, although the surfaces were in accordance with the specifications for thermo-tolerant coliforms, a high contamination rate with Staphylococcus aureus and total coliforms were found, which indicates hygienic-sanitary failure in the dairy industry.
Study of the production of neutron-rich isotope beams issuing from fissions induced by fast neutrons; Etude de la production de faisceaux riches en neutrons par fission induite par neutrons rapides
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Lau, Ch
This work is a contribution to the PARRNe project (production of radioactive neutron-rich isotopes). This project is based on the fission fragments coming from the fission of 238-uranium induced by fast neutrons. The fast neutron flux is produced by the collisions of deutons in a converter. Thick targets of uranium carbide and liquid uranium targets have been designed in order to allow a quick release of fission fragments. A device, able to trap on a cryogenic thimble rare gas released by the target, has allowed the production of radioactive nuclei whose half-life is about 1 second. This installation has been settled to different deuton accelerators in the framework of the European collaboration SPIRAL-2. A calibration experiment has proved the feasibility of fixing an ISOL-type isotope separator to a 15 MV tandem accelerator, this installation can provide 500 nA deutons beams whose energy is 26 MeV and be a valuable tool for studying fast-neutron induced fission. Zinc, krypton, rubidium, cadmium, iodine, xenon and cesium beams have been produced in this installation. The most intense beams reach 10000 nuclei by micro-coulomb for 26 MeV deutons. An extra gain of 2 magnitude orders can be obtained by using a more specific ion source and by increasing the thickness of the target. Another extra gain of 2 magnitude orders involves 100 MeV deutons.
Oil palm land conversion in Pará, Brazil, from 2006-2014: evaluating the 2010 Brazilian Sustainable Palm Oil Production Program
Benami, E.; Curran, L. M.; Cochrane, M.; Venturieri, A.; Franco, R.; Kneipp, J.; Swartos, A.
Global models of biophysical suitability for oil palm consistently rank Brazil as having the greatest potential for expansion, with estimates as high as 238 Mha of suitable lands. In 2010, Brazil launched the Sustainable Palm Oil Production Program (SPOPP) to incentivize oil palm development without deforestation on as much as 30 Mha. Here we examine oil palm expansion before and after the SPOPP's launch. In Pará, the major oil palm producing state in Brazil, we analyze the extent and change in oil palm cultivation from 2006-2014 using satellite imagery, ground-truthed verification, site-based interviews, and rural environmental (land) registration data. Between 2006-2014, oil palm area (≥9 ha) expanded >200% to ~219 000 ha. Of the ~148 000 ha of oil palm developed, ~91% converted pasturelands while ~8% replaced natural vegetation, including intact and secondary forests. Although >80% of all oil palm parcels rest public and private deforestation reduction initiatives; and, (2) socio-economic constraints, e.g. high relative production costs and limited familiarity with this crop, appear to partially explain the major discrepancy between estimated potential suitable areas with realized oil palm development.
Etude de production et de caracterisation de biocharbons de panic erige (Panicum virgatum L.) obtenus par pyrolyse
Pilon, Guillaume
This research aimed at the production of biomass char under pyrolytic conditions, targeting biochar as soil amendment, while also considering its application as biocoal, either for bioenergy or subsequent upgrading. The production of biomass char was performed using two bench-scale, batch-type, fixed-bed reactors, each with an operating capacity of 1 and 25 gw.b. /batch, respectively. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) has been used for the tests. Production conditions studied implied temperatures of 300, 400 and 500 °C with short residence times (2.5 and 5 min). As well, the effect of using CO2 as vector gas has been compared to a common inert environment of N2. The effects of the previously mentioned parameters were correlated with some important physicochemical characteristics of biomass char. Analyses were also performed on complementary pyrolytic products (bio-oil and gas). The biomass char extraction was performed using a Soxhlet and dichloromethane was used as extracting solvent. The extracts were then characterized by GC-MS thus allowing the identification of several compounds. Specific pyrolysis conditions used at 300 °C - N2 with the 1 g/batch reactor, such as high heating rates as well as high convection conditions, presented advantegeous biomass char yields and properties, and, possible torrefaction process productivity improvement (in comparison to reported literature, such as Gilbert et al. [2009]). The char extracts as well as the bio-oils analysis (also performed using GC-MS), all generated from the 25 g/batch reactor, showed major differences among the compounds obtained from the CO2 and N2 environments, respectively. Several compounds observed in the char extracts appeared less concentrated in the CO2 environment vs N2, for the same reaction temperatures. As an example, at 400 °C, furfural was found only in char extracts from N2 environment as compared to the CO2 environment. Among all studied conditions (for both reactors), only naphthalene and
Using Critical Incidents of Instructional Design and Multimedia Production Activities to Investigate Instructional Designers' Current Practices and Roles
Sugar, William A.; Luterbach, Kenneth J.
Through consideration of critical incidents, this study analyzed 106 effective, ineffective and extraordinary instructional design and multimedia production (MP) activities discussed by 36 instructional design professionals. This evaluation provided insights into these professionals' best and not so best practices during the past 6 months.…
Measurements of Pair Production Under Channelling Conditions by 70-180 GeV Photons Incident on Single Crystals
This experiment will use the WA69 set-up to deliver a tagged photon beam in the energy range from 15~GeV to 150~GeV with a total angular spread of about @M~0.5~mrad. The incident photon direction is known to about 35~@mrad through the direction of the emitting electron. The photon beam is incident on an about 1~mm thick Ge single crystal in order to investigate pair production in single crystals. Above a certain energy threshold photons incident along crystal axis will show strongly increased pair production yi - the so-called .us Channelling Pair Production (ChPP). The produced pairs are analyzed in the @W-spectrometer. The large spread in incident photon angles offers an excellent opportunity to investigate in one single experiment the pair production in an angular region around a crystal axes and thereby compare ChPP with coherent (CPP) and incoherent (ICPP) processes. The very abrupt onset of ChPP (around threshold) will be measured and give a crucial test of the theoretical calculations. The differential...
Le resume de texte: une activite de production en langue etrangere assistee par ordinateur (Abstracting: A Computer-Assisted Foreign Language Production Activity).
Janitza, Jean
A productive language exercise that uses the computer and a variation on the cloze procedure by deleting every third word and requiring the student to insert a grammatically and thematically acceptable term is described. (MSE)
The influence of incidence angle on disorder production in Cl and Ar ion implanted Si
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Sukirno; Carter, G.
Cl and Ar ions have been implanted, at 30 keV and at various incidence angles, into Si substrates maintained at room temperature during implantation. Implantation induced Si disorder was measured using Rutherford backscattering channelling. The effects upon disorder of various incidence angles were studied over a fluence range of 10 12 -6·10 15 ions·cm -2 . The results show that, at low fluences Cl and Ar ion implantations generate a bimodal disorder-depth profile, whilst at higher fluences measurements of amorphised layer thickness as a function of ion incidence angle allow values of the standard deviation of the disorder profile parallel and transverse to the ion beam direction for each ion to be obtained in good agreement with theoretical predictions. The disorder-fluence behaviour under these conditions is ion species independent. (author)
The effect of incidence angle on disorder production in ion implanted Si
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Sukirno; Carter, G.
Ne, Ar, Sb, and Xe ions have been implanted, at 30 keV or 80 keV and at various incidence angles, into Si substrates maintained at room temperature during implantation. Implantation-induced Si disorder was measured using Rutherford backscattering channelling. The effects upon disorder of various incidence angles were studied over a fluence range of 10 12 -10 16 ions·cm -2 . The results show that, at low fluences the lighter (Ne) and slightly heavier (Ar) ion implantations generate a bimodal disorder-depth profile, whilst at higher fluences measurements of amorphised layer thickness as a function of ion incidence angle allow values of the standard deviation of the disorder profile parallel and transverse to the ion beam direction for each ion to be obtained with good agreement to theoretical predictions. (author)
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Hargreaves, F. P.; Merkle, D.
We present FooPar, an extension for highly efficient Parallel Computing in the multi-paradigm programming language Scala. Scala offers concise and clean syntax and integrates functional programming features. Our framework FooPar combines these features with parallel computing techniques. Foo...
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Hodges, Gethin W; Bang, Casper N; Wachtell, Kristian
The fundamental role of inflammation in cardiovascular disease (CVD) has prompted interest in numerous biomarkers that detect subclinical levels of inflammation. Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a novel biomarker that correlates significantly with cardiovascular events...... comprehensive review of suPAR in CVD and explore its function and usefulness in predicting cardiovascular events....
Détermination de la polarisation des gluons dans le nucléon par la production de hadrons à grande impulsion transverse à COMPASS
Procureur, Sébastien
L\\'objectif principal de l\\'expérience COMPASS au CERN est la détermination de la polarisation des gluons dans le nucléon, $\\\\frac{\\\\Delta G}{G}$. On mesure pour cela l\\'asymétrie d\\'hélicité du processus de fusion photon gluon, dans la diffusion de muons polarisés sur une cible de deutérons polarisés. Ce processus peut être sélectionné par la production de hadrons à grande impulsion transverse ($p_T$), ce qui permet de disposer d\\'une grande statistique. En contrepartie, la présence d\\'un bruit de fond physique complique l\\'extraction de $\\\\frac{\\\\Delta G}{G}$. Ce mémoire de thèse présente différentes études menées afin d\\'optimiser la détermination de $\\\\frac{\\\\Delta G}{G}$ dans ce canal. Une étude sur l\\'alignement des quelques 200 plans de détection est notamment présentée, améliorant ainsi la résolution du spectromètre. Les performances des 12 détecteurs de type Micromegas ont également été déterminées au cours de la prise de données 2004. Puis, les asymétries obtenues...
Evaluation théorique de l'effet d'arête d'eau sur la production par puits horizontaux Theoretical Evaluation of Effect of Water Cresting on Production by Horizontal Wells
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Giger F.
Full Text Available L'effet de la formation d'un cône d'eau (water-coning est un phénomène fréquemment rencontré, dont l'apparition lors de l'exploitation d'un gisement d'huile comportant une surface de contact huile-eau près des puits, introduit des contraintes qui peuvent être déterminantes quant au rythme de production du champ. Dans le cadre de l'étude des motivations pour le forage horizontal menée sous l'aspect gisement , parallèlemenl aux simulations sur ordinateurs au moyen de modèles numériques, il est apparu intéressant d'évaluer la formation de l'effet d'arête d'eau et de déterminer le débit critique par la voie analytique. Cet article reprend la méthode de l'hodographe déjà appliquée à ce problème par D. A. Efros. Elle permet d'effectuer l'étude de la forme de l'arête à l'approche du régime critique. Une méthode de résolution pratique de ces problèmes par abaques est proposée. Water coning is a frequently-encountered phenomenon whose appearance, during production from an oil field having an oil-water contact surface near the wells, creates constraints that may be determinant concerning the rate at which the field is produced. As part of research on motivations for horizontal drilling from the standpoint of reservoir engineering, at the same time as computer simulations using numerical models, it appeared interesting to evaluate what effect a water cresting would have and to determine the critical flow rate by an analytic method. This article takes up the hodograph method already applied to the problem by D. A. Efros. It investigates the shape of the crest when approaching the critical regime. A method is proposed for the practical solution of such problems by charts.
Fungos associados às sementes (Cariopses de cana-de-açúcar: métodos para detecção, incidência e relação entre incidência fúngica e ambiente de produção das sementes Sugarcane seedborne (Caryopses fungi: detection methods, incidence and relation between fungical incidence and seed production conditions
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Thais Dias Martins
Full Text Available O presente trabalho teve como objetivos: determinar o método mais adequado para detecção e identificação de fungos associados às sementes (cariopses de cana-de-açúcar; caracterizar os fungos associados; verificar as incidências nessas sementes e relacionar a incidência fúngica nessas sementes com o ambiente onde foram produzidas. Para detecção do método mais adequado, foram comparados dois substratos, em placas de Petri: agar-água com papel quadriculado e papel de filtro. Utilizaram-se placas de Petri de plástico e de vidro do tipo pirex, para verificar a influência do recipiente. Também foram comparados dois regimes de luz (12 h luz branca fluorescente/12 h escuro e escuro contínuo. As sementes foram mantidas durante sete dias sob temperatura constante de 28 2ºC, quando se procedeu à avaliação. Os requisitos para comparação dos métodos foram sensibilidade, economicidade e praticidade. A partir do método determinado como o mais adequado, foi realizada análise sanitária de 29 cruzamentos dos anos de 2002, 2003 e 2004, caracterizando os fungos associados e verificando as incidências. Posteriormente, compararam-se estas incidências com as condições ambientes, de temperatura e umidade relativa, em que as sementes foram produzidas no programa de melhoramento genético. O método considerado mais adequado, de acordo com os parâmetros analisados, foi o do papel de filtro em placa de Petri de plástico e incubação sob regime de luz (12 h luz branca fluorescente/12 h escuro. Os fungos detectados foram: Alternaria alternata; Aspergillus sp.; Bipolaris sacchari; três grupos morfológicos distintos pertencentes ao gênero Bipolaris; dois grupos morfológicos de Cladosporium; Colletotrichum sp.; três grupos morfológicos de Curvularia; Epicoccum sp.; Fusarium verticillioides; Fusarium semitectum; Leptosphaerulina sp.; Nigrospora sp.; Penicillium sp.; Periconia sp.; Phoma herbarum; Rhizopus sp. e Trichoderma sp. Os mais
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Hiergesell, R.A.; Dixon, K.L.
A water budget for the Par Pond hydrologic system was established in order to estimate the rate of groundwater influx to Par Pond. This estimate will be used in modeling exercises to predict Par Pond reservoir elevation and spillway discharge in the scenario where Savannah River water is no longer pumped and discharged into Par Pond. The principal of conservation of mass was used to develop the water budget, where water inflow was set equal to water outflow. Components of the water budget were identified, and the flux associated with each was determined. The water budget was considered balanced when inflow and outflow summed to zero. The results of this study suggest that Par Pond gains water from the groundwater system in the upper reaches of the reservoir, but looses water to the groundwater system near the dam. The rate of flux of groundwater from the water table aquifer into Par Pond was determined to be 13 cfs. The rate of flux from Par Pond to the water table aquifer near the dam was determined to be 7 cfs
Perspectives de développement de la production industrielle d'hydrogène par électrolyse alcaline avancée Development Outlook for Industrial Hydrogen Production by Advanced Alkaline Electrolysis
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Derive C.
Full Text Available Dans les conditions du développement du programme nucléaire français qui permettent une production d'électricité à un coût intéressant en heures creuses, la production d'hydrogène par électrolyse de l'eau peut être envisagée à moyen terme en compétition avec les autres procédés de fabrication d'hydrogène tels que le reformage de gaz naturel. Dans le cadre de leur coopération, Électricité de France (EDF et le Gaz de France (GDF conduisent, depuis 1976, un programme de recherches et développement sur la production d'hydrogène par électrolyse alcaline de l'eau ayant pour but, par comparaison avec des installations existantes, de réduire le coût d'investissement et de conserver un rendement identique. Les études préalables ont montré que ces objectifs pouvaient être atteints par une électrolyse avancée avec élévation de la densité de courant et de la température. Ces contraintes techniques ont conduit EDF et le GDF à lancer des études sur la tenue chimique et la résistance mécanique des matériaux, sur une sélection de composants de cellules adaptés et sur l'amélioration de la conception d'ensemble des installations. Les deux groupements industriels français - pilotés par Alsthom-Atlantique et Creusot-Loire - associés à ces travaux depuis 1979, ont fixé les conditions de fonctionnement suivantes : - électrolyte à base de potasse (40 % en masse; - température de 120 et 160°C; - pression de 30 et 70 bar. Dans un premier temps, les constructeurs ont réalisé une étude technico-économique sur la production massive d'hydrogène à partir d'usines de puissance d'environ 300 MWe, fourni les plans de détail d'une installation pilote de 2 MWe et entrepris la qualification de leurs choix technologiques sur des boucles-prototypes de 25-30 kWe. Afin de valider plus complètement les choix retenus et d'approfondir les problèmes d'extrapolation à des électrolyseurs de grande taille, les essais sur boucles
Coherent Pair Production by Photons in the 20-170 GeV Energy Range Incident on Crystals and Birefringence
Apyan, A.; Badelek, B.; Ballestrero, S.; Biino, C.; Birol, I.; Cenci, P.; Connell, S.H.; Eichblatt, S.; Fonseca, T.; Freund, A.; Gorini, B.; Groess, R.; Ispirian, K.; Ketel, T.J.; Kononets, Yu.V.; Lopez, A.; Mangiarotti, A.; van Rens, B.; Sellschop, J.P.F.; Shieh, M.; Sona, P.; Strakhovenko, V.; Uggerhoj, E.; Uggerhj, Ulrik Ingerslev; Unel, G.; Velasco, M.; Vilakazi, Z.Z.; Wessely, O.; Kononets, Yu.V.
The cross section for coherent pair production by linearly polarised photons in the 20-170 GeV energy range was measured for photon aligned incidence on ultra-high quality diamond and germanium crystals. The theoretical description of coherent bremsstrahlung and coherent pair production phenomena is an area of active theoretical debate and development. However, under our experimental conditions, the theory predicted the combined cross section and polarisation experimental observables very well indeed. In macroscopic terms, our experiment measured a birefringence effect in pair production in a crystal. This study of this effect also constituted a measurement of the energy dependent linear polarisation of photons produced by coherent bremsstrahlung in aligned crystals. New technologies for manipulating high energy photon beams can be realised based on an improved understanding of QED phenomena at these energies. In particular, this experiment demonstrates an efficient new polarimetry technique. The pair product...
Production of glycolipidic bio surfactants by environment bacteria: diversity and physiological part; Production de biosurfactants glycolipidiques par les bacteries de l`environnement: diversite et role physiologique
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Arino, S.
About a hundred bacterial strains, isolated from soils, polluted or not by hydrocarbons, were tested for their capacity to excrete glycosides. The biggest productions were obtained for a soluble carbon source (glycerol) in a culture medium limited in the nitrogen source. In these conditions, 18 g/l of rhamnose lipids were produced by train Pseudomonas aeruginosa GL1 in a 200 h culture. Pseudomonas aeruginosa GL1, Cellulomonas celulans SA43 and Rhodococcus erythropolis DSM 43060 were studied in detail. The bio-surfactants produced were identified respectively as rhamnose lipids, oligosaccharide lipids and trehalose lipids, using various original analytical methods. Sugars and fatty acids composing these glycolipids had been shown to be usual components of the outer part of the cell wall in these microbial species. Moreover, cell hydrophobicity of the producing bacteria varied in time during culture. These results showed that both the cell wall and the extracellular glycolipids take part in the process of hydrocarbon uptake in the polluted environments. As other bacteria of the same species from different origins present the same characteristics, it may be concluded that glycolipid excretion does not constitute a specific response for hydrocarbon assimilation. In fact, a more general physiological role of glycolipids, concerning modifications of hydrophobic interfaces between the producing bacteria and their surrounding environment, could explain the production of glycolipids, and could also be utilized in hydrocarbon uptake. (author)
Characterization of pedological parameters that influence almond productivity Caracterização dos parâmetros pedológicos que influenciam a produtividade da amendoeira
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Emilia Fernández
Full Text Available Several almond orchards have been studied in south-eastern Spain to characterize and evaluate the soils dedicated to the cultivation of different cultivars in order to identify the parameters that most affect yield. The percentage of gravels, high in several of the soils studied, correlated negatively with the clay content and Water Holding Capacity (WHC as did the percentage of CaCO3 with available potassium. The greatest yield corresponded to soils with higher surface porosity and lower subsurface porosity, enaulic or gefuric related distribution in the surface horizons and porphyric related distribution in the subsurface horizons. Both for the Fertility Capability Classification as well as for the Agricultural Productivity Evaluation (FAO, the soils with the best characteristics for the crop did not coincide with those in which the greatest yield was found (Ferragnès registering the highest yield, due to the flowering period of the rest of the cultivars selected, which was more influenced by the climatic characteristics of the zone, especially temperature.Estudaram-se vários pomares de amendoeira situados no Sudeste de Espanha com o objectivo de caracterizar e avaliar os solos dedicados à cultura de diferentes cultivares de forma a identificar os parâmetros que mais afectam a produtividade. A percentagem de cascalho, presente em quantidades elevadas, em alguns dos solos estudados, está negativamente correlacionada com o teor de argila e a capacidade máxima de retenção de água, bem como a percentagem de CaCO3 com o teor de potássio disponível no solo. As maiores produções corresponderam aos solos que apresentaram uma maior porosidade superficial e uma menor porosidade sub superficial, com uma distribuição enáulica ou gefúrica nos horizontes superficiais e uma distribuição porfírica nos horizontes sub superficiais. Os solos que melhores características apresentam para este tipo de cultura, quer no que se refere à sua
Production d'isobutène de haute pureté par décomposition du MTBE High-Purity Isobutene Production from Mtbe
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Meunier P. B.
Full Text Available La décomposition du MTBE en isobutène et méthanol s'accompagne de réactions secondaires (oligomérisation de l'isobutène, hydratation de l'isobutène, déshydratation du méthanol. Les différents types de catalyseurs utilisés, les mécanismes et les cinétiques suggérés, ainsi que les sites actifs et les espèces adsorbées proposés dans la littérature sont examinés dans le cas de la réaction principale, et des réactions secondaires. La formulation du catalyseur et la nature des sites actifs (Brönsted, Lewis ont une incidence particulière sur la réaction. Les données de la littérature portent essentiellement sur des catalyseurs de type résines présentant une acidité de Brönsted. Sur catalyseurs de type oxydes il apparaît que les sites acides de Lewis, catalysent la réaction principale, tandis que les réactions secondaires sont essentiellement dues à la présence d'acidité de Brönsted. Un contrôle de l'acidité des formulations catalytiques est nécessaire afin de minimiser les réactions secondaires, et de produire de l'isobutène très pur. Under suitable conditions, methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE is decomposed into isobutene (C4H8 and methanol (CH3OH. This decomposition is a reversible endothermic chemical reaction ((*** = 15. 6 kcal/mol in the gas phase. When this reaction is situated downstream from MTBE synthesis from a C4 cut, this results in the separation of the different isomers in this cut by a less costly method than the one now used, which consists of concentrated sulfuric-acid extraction. The isobutene obtained by MTBE decomposition is very pure and meets the specifications required for subsequent polymerization into butyl rubber or methyl methacrylate. The MTBE decomposition reaction is accompanied by secondary reactions such as the oligomerization of isobutene (mainly the formation of dimers, the dehydration of methanol into dimethylether, and the hydration of isobutene into tert-butyl alcohol. MTBE
Production of chemically reactive radioactive ion beams through on-line separation; Production de faisceaux d'ions radioactifs chimiquement reactifs par separation en ligne
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Joinet, A
The ISOL (isotope separation on line) allows the production of secondary radioactive ion beams through spallation or fragmentation or fission reactions that take place in a thick target bombarded by a high intensity primary beam. The challenge is to increase the intensity and purity of the radioactive beam. The optimization of the system target/source requires the right choice of material for the target by taking into account the stability of the material, its reactivity and the ionization method used. The target is an essential part of the system because radioactive elements are generated in it and are released more or less quickly. Tests have been made in order to select the best fitted material for the release of S, Se, Te, Ge and Sn. Materials tested as target filling are: ZrO{sub 2}, Nb, Ti, V,TiO{sub 2}, CeO{sub x}, ThO{sub 2}, C, ZrC{sub 4} and VC). Other molecules such as: COSe, COS, SeS, COTe, GeS, SiS, SnS have been studied to ease the extraction of recoil nuclei (Se, S, Te, Ge and Sn) produced inside the target.
Activation of PAR-1/NADPH Oxidase/ROS Signaling Pathways is Crucial for the Thrombin-Induced sFlt-1 Production in Extravillous Trophoblasts: Possible Involvement in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia
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Qi-tao Huang
Full Text Available Backgrounds/Aims: Preeclampsia was characterized by excessive thrombin generation in placentas and previous researches showed that thrombin could enhance soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1 expression in first trimester trophoblasts. However, the detailed mechanism for the sFlt-1 over-production induced by thrombin was largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to explore the possible signaling pathway of thrombin-induced sFlt-1 production in extravillous trophoblasts (EVT. Methods: An EVT cell line (HRT-8/SVneo was treated with various concentrations of thrombin. The mRNA expression and protein secretion of sFlt-1 in EVT were detected with real-time polymerase chain reaction and ELISA, respectively. The levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS production were determined by DCFH-DA. Results: Exposure of EVT to thrombin induced increased intracellular ROS generation and overexpression of sFlt-1 at both mRNA and protein levels in a dose dependent manner. Short interfering RNA (siRNA directed against PAR-1 or apocynin (an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase could decrease the intracellular ROS generation and subsequently suppressed the production of sFlt-1 at mRNA and protein levels. Conclusions: Our results suggested that thrombin increased sFlt-1 production in EVT via the PAR-1 /NADPH oxidase /ROS signaling pathway. This also highlights the PAR-1 / NADPH oxidase / ROS pathway might be a potential therapeutic target for the prevention of preeclampsia in the future.
Electron paramagnetic resonance study of radicals formed by radiolysis at 77 K of nitroalkanes and of their solutions in organic glasses. Chromatography analysis of radiolysis products of nitromethane in ethanol solution in a vitreous medium; Etude par resonance paramagnetique electronique des radicaux formes par radiolyse a 77 K des nitroalcanes et de leurs solutions dans les verres organiques analyse par chromatographie des produits de la radiolyse du nitromethane en solution dans l'ethanol en milieux vitreux
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rosilio, C. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires
With a view to explaining the formation of the final products resulting from the photolysis and the radiolysis of nitro-alkanes, we have attempted to identify the paramagnetic species formed as intermediates during the radiolysis. Our work has covered the structure and the reactivity of the radicals formed by 7 irradiation of the nitrogen containing derivatives at 77 K, and on the mechanism of formation and of disappearance of these radicals in the various matrices used. The radicals resulting from the removal of a hydrogen atom in the {alpha} position of the NO{sub 2} group, and the radicals resulting from addition reactions on the nitrogen group characterized by an unpaired electron on the nitrogen have been identified, either during the radiolysis of pure nitroalkanes, or during the radiolysis of nitro-alkanes in solution in organic glasses at 77 K. A study has been made of the conformation and the movements of radicals in the matrices, and the mechanism of formation of the observed radicals produced generally by the capture by the nitro-alkanes of primary radiolysis species. The nitro-alkanes in ethanol solution can behave as traps both for electrons and for free radicals. The study of the radiolysis of nitro-alkanes in solution in a polar ethanol glass has been completed with chemical analyses on the final radiolysis products; it has been possible to deduce the capture efficiency of trapped electrons and of free radicals by nitro-alkanes in ethanol. For this we have determined the radio-chemical yields of hydrogen, acetaldehyde and glycol as a function of the capture agent concentration, for the nitro-methane-ethanol system. A mechanism for the disappearance of the observed radicals is proposed. (author) [French] Dans le but d'expliquer la formation des produits finals formes au cours de la photolyse et la radiolyse des nitroalcanes, nous nous sommes proposes d'identifier les especes paramagnetiques se formant intermediairement au cours de la
La Madonna della Clemenza, l'incidence de la réintégration picturale sur le maintien des fonctions portées par l'œuvre restaurée
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Stéphanie Ricordeau
Full Text Available Dans la basilique Santa Maria in Trastevere à Rome est conservée la Madone de la Clémence, encaustique sur support mixte datée du VIe ou VIIe siècle. Cette peinture, toujours objet de culte et support de dévotion, apparaît aujourd'hui comme l'une des œuvres majeures de l'Occident chrétien, tant par sa facture que par le témoignage historique qu'elle représente. Sa restauration, entreprise à l'Istituto Centrale di Restauro alors dirigé par Cesare Brandi, a confronté les restaurateurs à des choix d'intervention qui apparaissent comme autant de problèmes méthodologiques fondamentaux. Parmi les nombreuses interrogations auxquelles elle a donné lieu, le choix du mode de réintégration picturale de cette œuvre hautement lacunaire occupe une place particulière. Partant du postulat qu'on ne peut penser la restauration des œuvres, et notamment celle des œuvres religieuses, sans tenir compte de leurs fonctions et de leur valeur d'usage, il est nécessaire de se demander dans quelle mesure la fonction religieuse est affectée ou non par les choix de réintégration picturale. Cet impératif suppose l'identification des éléments « signifiants » de l'œuvre, à savoir ce qui en elle fait sens pour le fidèle, puisque c'est leur lisibilité qui assurera le maintien de la fonction religieuse. Ceci nous apparait comme un préalable méthodologique devant guider l'élaboration du protocole de restauration.In the Basilica Santa Maria in Trastevere in Rome is kept the Madonna della Clemenza, an encaustic on canvas and wood, from the sixth or seventh century. This painting, still an object of worship and devotion, has emerged as a major work of the Christian Occident, both by its beautiful realization and by the historical testimony that it represents. The restoration, done at the Istituto Centrale di Restauro directed at the time by Cesare Brandi, confronted the restorers to intervention options that
Effect of sunflower climbing bean intercroping system on insect pest incidence and crop productivity
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Tuey, R.K.; Koros, I.; Wanyonyi, W.
Intercropping of sunflower and climping beans were evaluated for pest incidence and yield advantages during the main season of 2000/2001 at KARI-NPBRC, Njoro. Three sunflower varieties, Fedha, Record, PAN-7553 and three climbing beans varieties, Puebla, Omukingi and Flora were laid out in a complete randomised block design with four replications. Sunflower was spaced at 75 x 30 cm while the climbing beans were spaced at 50 x 37.5 cm. Assessment of pest damage on various treatments commenced 17 days after planting. Results showed that low plant germination was mainly a result of dry weather and taht cutworm damage was insignificant. There was a sunflower x climbing bean variety interaction, which regulated the aphid infestation of the climbing beans. Sunflower variety PAN-7553 recorded significantly (P<0.01) more pecked heads than the other two varieties. (author)
A note on the seasonally shifting zone of high primary production in the Bay of Marajó, Pará, Brazil, 1983-1984
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H.O Schwassmann
Full Text Available To understand the hydrological and limnological conditions during the annual regime of high and low river flow, as well as the action of the tides, a series of 18 collecting trips were conducted in monthly and bimonthly intervals across the Bay of Marajó during the years 1983-1985. The Tocantins River provides more than 80% of the inflow into this bay and shows a much greater difference in water volume flow between high and low water season than the Amazon. The annual displacement of brackish water influence is thus more extensive Marajó Bay than in the Amazon estuary. During the dry season of low river discharge (September-December, traces of seawater are found to penetrate up to 90 km upriver in the Guamá River. The high degree of turbidity of inner estuarine waters impedes light penetration and results in the near absence of primary production in spite of ample nutrients. Where these turbid river waters mix with brackish estuarine waters of 2 to 4‰ salinity, flocculation and subsequent sedimentation causes visibility to increase from a few to sometimes 200 cm. The water in this zone assumes a bright green color due to phytoplankton. About 90% of the biomass consists of a polyhalobic diatom species, Coscinodiscus. Concomitant great reductions in silica and other nutrient concentrations are noted. During low river flow (September to December, this high production zone is located in the central part of Marajó Bay, whereas it lies outside of the bay over the continental shelf during high river discharge (February to April.Uma série de 18 travessias, em intervalos mensais ou bimensais, na baía do Marajó nos anos 1983-1985, a fim de medir os parâmetros físico-químicos e coletar plancton, contribuiu para nosso conhecimento das condições hidrocinéticas e limnológicas durante o ciclo anual de vazão alta e baixa dos rios e das marés. Devido à diferença de vazão entre a cheia e a seca no rio Tocantins ser maior que no rio Amazonas
Preventing an increase in Verticillium wilt incidence in spinach seed production
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Olesen, Merete Halkjær; Deleuran, Lise Christina; Gislum, René
A semifield assay was conducted from 2009 to 2011 to distinguish between different preventive methods of reducing Verticillium spp. in spinach seed production. The seed treatments for controlling seed infection levels included Thiram, Signum, Trichoderma harzianum, Gliocladium roseum and Natural ...
Effect of Initial Headspace O2 Level on the Growth and Volatile Metabolite Production of Leuconostoc Mesenteriodes and the Microbial and Sensorial Quality of Modified Atmosphere Packaged Par-Fried French Fries.
Samapundo, Simbarashe; Mujuru, Felix Mugove; de Baenst, Ilse; Denon, Quenten; Devlieghere, Frank
This study evaluated the effect of residual O2 level (0% to 5%) on microbial growth and volatile metabolite production on par-fried French fries packaged in a modified atmosphere with 60% CO2 (rest N2 ) at 4 °C. The results obtained showed that the initial headspace (IH) O2 level had an effect on growth of Leuconostoc mesenteroides on French fry simulation agar, whereby growth was slightly faster under 5% O2 . In terms of quantity, ethanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, and dimethyl disulphide were the most significant volatile metabolites produced by L. mesenteroides. The production of ethanol by L. mesenteroides was highest on simulation agar packaged under low IH O2 levels (0% to 1%), indicating that the fermentative metabolism was induced under these conditions. In agreement with the results observed on the simulation medium, growth of native lactic acid bacteria was faster under an IH O2 level of 5%. In addition, ethanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, and dimethyl disulphide were also quantitatively the most important volatile metabolites. However, in contrast, greater quantities of ethanol and dimethyl disulphide were produced on par-fried French fries packaged under 5% O2 . This was attributed to the limited growth of the native flora on the par-fried French fries under residual O2 levels of 0% and 1%. Although some significant differences (P < 0.05) occurred between the French fries packaged in 0%, 1%, and 5 % residual O2 during storage, all products were considered to be acceptable for consumption. The results of this study can be used to optimize the shelf-life of packaged chill stored potato products. © 2016 Institute of Food Technologists®
The Byzantine ceramics from Pergamon excavations. Characterization of local and imported productions by elementary analysis using PIXE and INAA methods and by petrography; Les ceramiques byzantines des fouilles de Pergame. Caracterisation des productions locales et importees par analyse elementaire par les methodes PIXE et INAA et par petrographie
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Waksman, S.Y.
An important ceramics material dated back to the 12th-14th centuries has been excavated in Pergamon (Turkey). Among these findings, wasters, tripod stilts and unfinished ware attest to local production in the Byzantine period. Elemental analysis by the methods PIXE (Particle Induced X-ray Emission) and INAA (Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis) has been performed on a representative sampling of 160 sherds, including attested local material. Multivariate statistical techniques were used to classify the sherds into groups of similar composition and thus to distinguish ceramics made in Pergamon from imported wares. Several groups of local production have been constituted, which correspond to wares differing in date and fabric. The geochemical characterization of the pastes, complemented with petrographical and mineralogical data, shows that specific raw materials have been used to manufacture each ware. The analytical data related to ceramics made in Pergamon will serve as reference data for future provenance studies. Such reference groups of Byzantine ceramics are very rare, and therefore the ceramics imported into Pergamon cannot be attributed as to their origin. Among the ceramics widely diffused in the Byzantine world, some importations belonging to the ``fine sgraffito`` and ``Zeuxippus ware`` types have been identified. The latter type has been a source of stylistic influence for the workshops of Pergamon, since the analyses show that imitated ``Zeuxippus ware`` has been produced there. These imitations were probably themselves diffused on a regional scale. (author). 238 refs., 48 figs., 53 tabs., 22 photos., 8 appends.
Charged pion coherent production in nucleus-nucleus collisions at incident energies between 86 and 330 MeV/nucleon
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Fassnacht, P.
We have studied pion production in nucleus-nucleus collisions at foward angles for about twenty projectile target combinations. The incident energies were below or around 300 MeV/nucleon which is the threshold of the elementary reaction NN → NNπ. The study of the inclusive spectra shows some new ideas: shell effects in pion production, collective resonances excitations. These spectra have been analyzed following different models: hard-scattering models which describe the interaction on the basis of the elementary reaction NN → NNπ, statistical model and the pionic cloud model which is a coherent description of the interaction. In the study of the exclusive reactions, we established some empiric rules concerning the cross-section variations. These exclusive spectra were then analyzed in the framework of two-models: the semi-phenomenological model and the pionic fusion [fr
Effect of biological sprays on the incidence of grey mould, fruit yield and fruit quality in organic strawberry production
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Full Text Available Plant diseases, especially grey mould (Botrytis cinerea, may cause severe losses in organic strawberry production. In a two-year period, 20012002, the effects of different biological sprays on grey mould, the fruit yield and fruit quality of organically grown strawberry Jonsok were studied in field trials at MTT Agrifood Research Finland in Ruukki and Mikkeli. In Experiment 1 the biological sprays were seaweed, garlic and compost extracts, silicon and Trichoderma spp. on both trial sites. In Experiment 2, compost extract, Trichoderma spp. and Gliocladium catenulatum sprays were studied in Ruukki. The treatment time was chosen to control grey mould. The effect of different biological sprays on the incidence of grey mould and total and marketable yield was insignificant compared to the untreated control. In both years and in all trials the incidence of grey mould was low and rot occurred mainly in the latter part of the harvesting period, which may partly explain the small differences between treatments. Anyhow, despite of feasible biological control cultural control methods will be important to manage the fungus in organic strawberry production.;
Dairy products and its association with incidence of cardiovascular disease: the Malmö diet and cancer cohort.
Sonestedt, Emily; Wirfält, Elisabet; Wallström, Peter; Gullberg, Bo; Orho-Melander, Marju; Hedblad, Bo
It is unclear whether specific dairy products are associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this project was therefore to examine the association between intake of milk, cheese, cream and butter, and incidence of CVD in the Swedish Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort. Milk was separated into fermented (yoghurt and cultured sour milk) versus non-fermented milk, and low-fat versus high-fat milk. Among 26,445 individuals without a history of myocardial infarction, stroke and diabetes (44-74 years; 62% females), 2,520 CVD cases (coronary and stroke events) were identified during a mean follow-up time of 12 years. Dietary data was collected using a modified diet history method. Overall consumption of dairy products was inversely associated with risk of CVD (P (trend) = 0.05). Among the specific dairy products, a statistically significant inverse relationship was observed only for fermented milk. The highest versus lowest intake category of fermented milk was associated with 15% (95% CI: 5-24%; P (trend) = 0.003) decreased incidence of CVD. We observed a statistically significant interaction between sex and cheese intake (P = 0.046). Cheese intake was significantly associated with decreased CVD risk in women (P (trend) = 0.03), but not in men (P (trend) = 0.98). The main finding was that a high intake of fermented milk may reduce the risk of CVD. This study suggests that it is important to examine dairy products separately when investigating their health effects.
Microbiological and physicochemical factors affecting Aspergillus section Flavi incidence in Cavendish banana (Musa cavendishii) chips production in Southern Philippines.
Sales, A C; Azanza, P V; Yoshizawa, T
Microbiological and physicochemical factors affecting the incidence of Aspergillus section Flavi in dried Cavendish banana (Musa cavendishii) chips production in Southern Philippines were examined. The average counts of Aspergillus section Flavi (AFC) in fresh and dried Cavendish bananas from 10 production batches of the Philippine Agro-Industrial Development Cooperative in Davao del Norte, Southern Philippines were 1.2 x 10(2) and 1.6 x 10(2) cfu/g, respectively. Isolates from both samples were identified to be Aspergillus flavus based on spore type and conidial structure of isolates. An increasing trend in the AFC of Cavendish bananas was observed during dried banana chips processing. Variability in the AFC between production batches was attributed to differences in aerobic and fungal populations and physicochemical characteristics of the fruits, peel damage of the raw materials, concentration of AFC in the air and food-contact surfaces of the production area, and temperature and relative humidity (RH) conditions of the environment during production and storage. Physicochemical characteristics of Cavendish bananas from the receipt of raw materials up to the first day of drying were within the reported range of values allowing growth and toxin production by aflatoxigenic fungi. Air-borne AFC varied depending on the section of the production area examined. The close proximity of the waste disposal area from the production operation to the preparation, drying and storage areas suggests that cross-contamination, probably air-borne or insect-borne was a likely occurrence. The hands of workers were also identified as AFC sources. Results of this study highlight the need for the development of strategies to control aflatoxigenic fungi and aflatoxin contamination in Philippine dried Cavendish bananas.
GENOMIQUE ET PRODUCTION NON ALIMENTAIRE Acides gras d'intérêt industriel obtenus par génie génétique
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Lessire René
Full Text Available La caractérisation de mutants de plantes déficients pour la synthèse de lipides, l'évolution des techniques de la biologie moléculaire et le séquençage de la totalité du génome d'Arabidopsis thaliana sont des éléments qui ont rendu possible la manipulation par voie génétique de la composition en acides gras des huiles végétales. Parmi les enzymes impliquées dans la synthèse des acides gras et des triacylglycérols, les acyl-ACP thioestérases, les désaturases, les hydroxylases, les transacylases et les élongases sont des protéines stratégiques pour la modification du profil des acides gras des huiles végétales. Il est effectivement possible de diminuer la longueur moyenne de la chaîne carbonée des acides gras de colza par l'introduction du gène codant pour l'acyl-ACP thioestérase de la baie de Californie. L'huile issue de colza génétiquement modifié présente un taux de 50% en C12. Ce taux a été fortement augmenté par croisement avec une variété modifiée par le gène codant pour la lyso-acide phosphatidique acyltransférase (LPAAT de noix de coco. L'introduction ou la suppression d'une insaturation dans la chaîne carbonée d'un acide gras a également été réalisée. La transformation par le gène anti-sens de la stéaroyl-ACP désaturase a permis de créer des variétés de colza dont l'acide gras majoritaire est le C18:0. De même, des variétés de soja produisant de l'huile enrichie en acide oléique ou linolénique ont été obtenues respectivement par inactivation des gènes des DELTA12 et DELTA15 désaturases. La position de l'insaturation peut être également modifiée. Une huile riche en acide pétrosélinique (C18:1, DELTA6 résulte de l'introduction du gène de la palmitoyl-ACP DELTA4 désaturase de coriandre et de la stéaroyl-ACP DELTA9 désaturase en anti-sens. Enfin, de l'huile de colza riche en acides polyinsaturés a été obtenue par croisement de colza modifi
L'adoption des produits cosmétiques par les consommateurs camerounais: La forte incidence de la nouveauté perçue, de l'innovativité, de l'implication et des valeurs
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Darius Djoma
Full Text Available Cet article se propose d'améliorer la compréhension de l'influence des variables individuelles et perceptuelles, sur le processus de décision d'achat d'un produit nouveau par le consommateur, puisque ces variables n'ont pas le même comportement selon les types de consommateurs. Une enquête confirmatoire menée auprès de 1005 consommateurs de produits cosmétiques au Cameroun, montre que, le type de nouveauté (incrémentale ou radicale, son utilité perçue et certaines variables individuelles (l'innovativité, l'implication, et les valeurs, jouent un rôle déterminant sur l'adoption du nouveau produit cosmétique. Des recommandations sont formulées pour améliorer la communication sur les nouveaux produits cosmétiques
Review of kerma-area product and total energy incident on patients in radiography, mammography and CT
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Yao, Hai; He, Wenjun; Huda, Walter; Mah, Eugene
This study estimated the energy incident on patients in radiography, mammography and CT using data related to X-ray beam quantity and quality. The total X-ray beam quantity is the average Air Kerma multiplied by the X-ray beam area and expressed as the Kerma-Area Product (Gy cm -2 ). The X-ray beam quality primarily depends on the target material (and anode angle), X-ray voltage (and ripple) as well as X-ray beam filtration. For any X-ray spectra, dividing total energy (fluence x mean energy) by the X-ray beam Kerma-Area Product yields the energy per Kerma-Area Product value (ε/KAP). Published data on X-ray spectra characteristics and energy fluence per Air Kerma conversion factors were used to determine 1/KAP factors. In radiography, ε/KAP increased from 6 mJ Gy -1 cm -2 at the lowest X-ray tube voltage (50 kV) to 25 mJ Gy -1 cm -2 at the highest X-ray tube voltage (140 kV). 1/KAP values ranged between 1 and 5 mJ Gy -1 cm -2 in mammography and between 24 and 42 mJ Gy -1 cm -2 in CT. Changes in waveform ripple resulted in variations in ε/KAP of up to 15 %, similar to the effect of changes resulting in the choice of anode angle. For monoenergetic X-ray photons, there was a sigmoidal-type increase in ε/KAP from 2 mJ Gy -1 cm -2 at 20 keV to 42 mJ Gy -1 cm -2 at 80 keV. However, between 80 and 150 keV, the ε/KAP shows variations with changing photon energy of <10 %. Taking the average spectrum energy to consist of monoenergetic X rays generally overestimates the true value of ε/KAP. This study illustrated that the energy incident on a patient in any area of radiological imaging can be estimated from the total X-ray beam intensity (KAP) when X-ray beam quality is taken into account. Energy incident on the patient can be used to estimate the energy absorbed by the patient and the corresponding patient effective dose. (authors)
Forward production of charged pions with incident $\\pi^{\\pm}$ on nuclear targets measured at the CERN PS
Apollonio, M.; Bagulya, A.; Barr, G.; Blondel, A.; Bobisut, F.; Bogomilov, M.; Bonesini, M.; Booth, C.; Borghi, S.; Bunyatov, S.; Burguet-Castell, J.; Catanesi, M.G.; Cervera-Villanueva, A.; Chimenti, P.; Coney, L.; Di Capua, E.; Dore, U.; Dumarchez, J.; Edgecock, R.; Ellis, M.; Ferri, F.; Gastaldi, U.; Giani, S.; Giannini, G.; Gibin, D.; Gilardoni, S.; Gorbunov, P.; Gossling, C.; Gomez-Cadenas, J.J.; Grant, A.; Graulich, J.S.; Gregoire, G.; Grichine, V.; Grossheim, A.; Guglielmi, A.; Howlett, L.; Ivanchenko, A.; Ivanchenko, V.; Kayis-Topaksu, A.; Kirsanov, M.; Kolev, D.; Krasnoperov, A.; Martin-Albo, J.; Meurer, C.; Mezzetto, M.; Mills, G.B.; Morone, M.C.; Novella, P.; Orestano, D.; Palladino, V.; Panman, J.; Papadopoulos, I.; Pastore, F.; Piperov, Stefan; Polukhina, N.; Popov, B.; Prior, G.; Radicioni, E.; Schmitz, D.; Schroeter, R.; Skoro, G; Sorel, M.; Tcherniaev, E.; Temnikov, P.; Tereschenko, V.; Tonazzo, A.; Tortora, L.; Tsenov, R.; Tsukerman, I.; Vidal-Sitjes, G.; Wiebusch, C.; Zucchelli, P.
Measurements of the double-differential $\\pi^{\\pm}$ production cross-section in the range of momentum 0.5 GeV/c < p < 8.0 GeV/c and angle 0.025 rad < theta < 0.25 rad in interactions of charged pions on beryllium, carbon, aluminium, copper, tin, tantalum and lead are presented. These data represent the first experimental campaign to systematically measure forward pion hadroproduction. The data were taken with the large acceptance HARP detector in the T9 beam line of Incident particles, impinging on a 5% nuclear interaction length target, were identified by an elaborate system of beam detectors. The tracking and identification of the produced particles was performed using the forward spectrometer of the HARP detector. Results are obtained for the double-differential cross-sections mainly at four incident pion beam momenta (3 GeV/c, 5 GeV/c, 8 GeV/c and 12 GeV/c). The measurements are compared with the GEANT4 and MARS Monte Carlo simulation. the CERN PS.
Measurements of forward proton production with incident protons and charged pions on nuclear targets at the CERN Proton Synchroton
Apollonio, M.; Bagulya, A.; Barr, G.; Blondel, A.; Bobisut, F.; Bogomilov, M.; Bonesini, M.; Booth, C.; Borghi, S.; Bunyatov, S.; Burguet-Castell, J.; Catanesi, M.G.; Cervera-Villanueva, A.; Chimenti, P.; Coney, L.; Di Capua, E.; Dore, U.; Dumarchez, J.; Edgecock, R.; Ellis, M.; Ferri, F.; Gastaldi, U.; Giani, S.; Giannini, G.; Gibin, D.; Gilardoni, S.; Gorbunov, P.; Gossling, C.; Gomez-Cadenas, J.J.; Grant, A.; Graulich, J.S.; Gregoire, G.; Grichine, V.; Grossheim, A.; Guglielmi, A.; Howlett, L.; Ivanchenko, A.; Ivanchenko, V.; Kayis-Topaksu, A.; Kirsanov, M.; Kolev, D.; Krasnoperov, A.; Martin-Albo, J.; Meurer, C.; Mezzetto, M.; Mills, G.B.; Morone, M.C.; Novella, P.; Orestano, D.; Palladino, V.; Panman, J.; Papadopoulos, I.; Pastore, F.; Piperov, Stefan; Polukhina, N.; Popov, B.; Prior, G.; Radicioni, E.; Schmitz, D.; Schroeter, R.; Skoro, G; Sorel, M.; Tcherniaev, E.; Temnikov, P.; Tereschenko, V.; Tonazzo, A.; Tortora, L.; Tsenov, R.; Tsukerman, I.; Vidal-Sitjes, G.; Wiebusch, C.; Zucchelli, P.
Measurements of the double-differential proton production cross-section in the range of momentum 0.5 GeV/c leq p le 8.0 GeV/c and angle 0.05 rad leq heta le 0.25 rad in collisions of charged pions and protons on beryllium, carbon, aluminium, copper,tin, tantalum and lead are presented. The data were taken with the large acceptance HARP detector in the T9 beam line of the CERN Proton Synchrotron. Incident particles were identified by an elaborate system of beam detectors and impinged on a target of 5% of a nuclear interaction length.The tracking and identification of the produced particles was performed using the forward spectrometer of the HARP experiment. Results are obtained for the double-differential cross-sections mainly at four incident beam momenta (3 GeV/c, 5 GeV/c, 8 GeV/c and 12 GeV/c). Measurements are compared with predictions of the GEANT4 and MARS Monte Carlo generators
Incidence of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria spp. in a small-scale mushroom production facility.
Viswanath, Prema; Murugesan, Latha; Knabel, Stephen J; Verghese, Bindhu; Chikthimmah, Naveen; Laborde, Luke F
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen of significant concern to the agricultural and food processing industry because of its ability to grow and persist in cool and moist environments and its association with listeriosis, a disease with a very high mortality rate. Although there have been no listeriosis outbreaks attributed to fresh mushrooms in the United States, retail surveys and recalls are evidence that L. monocytogenes contamination of mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) can occur. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Listeria spp., including L. monocytogenes, in a small-scale mushroom production facility on the campus of the Pennsylvania State University in the United States. Of 184 samples taken from five production zones within the facility, 29 (15.8%) samples were positive for Listeria spp. Among the Listeria spp. isolates, L. innocua was most prevalent (10.3%) followed by L. welshimeri (3.3%), L. monocytogenes (1.6%), and L. grayi (0.5%). L. monocytogenes was recovered only from the phase I raw material composting area. Isolates of L. monocytogenes were confirmed and serotyped by multiplex PCR. The epidemiological relatedness of the three L. monocytogenes isolates to those serotypes or lineages frequently encountered in listeriosis infections was determined by multi-virulence-locus sequence typing using six virulence genes, namely, prfA, inlB, inlC, dal, clpP, and lisR. The phylogenetic positions of the three isolates in the dendrogram prepared with data from other isolates of L. monocytogenes showed that all isolates were grouped with serotype 4a, lineage IIIA. To date, this serotype has rarely been reported in foodborne disease outbreaks.
Incidence of Salmonella Infantis in poultry meat and products and the resistance of isolates to antimicrobials
Kalaba, V.; Golić, B.; Sladojević, Ž.; Kalaba, D.
Globalisation, climate change, changes in eating habits and the food industry, modern animal husbandry and market demands often have a negative impact on quality assurance, food safety and animal health. After the eradication of some zoonotic diseases that previously often jeopardized the human population, today in developed countries, the focus is mainly on the control of zoonoses transmitted by food. Salmonella is one of the most common pathogens that can be transmitted from animals to humans, and its reservoirs are poultry, cattle and pigs, so one transmission route to humans is from contaminated food of animal origin. Multidrug-resistant isolates of Salmonella, which can transfer their resistance genes to other microorganisms, are considered a serious threat to public health. Control of Salmonella primarily depends on a good monitoring system and knowledge of the presence of serovars and strains in an epizootiological area. During the first nine months of 2016, 1321 samples of poultry meat and products were examined, among which 108 harboured Salmonella. Altogether, 29 of the 108 isolates (26.85%) were Salmonella Infantis. For all 29 S. Infantis isolates, antimicrobial resistance was tested by the disc diffusion method. The isolates showed 100% resistance to amoxicillin, and nalidixic acid.
Réduction de l'oxyde d'azote par la suie dans les produits de combustion Reduction of Nitric Oxyde by Soot in Combustion Products
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De Soete G.
Full Text Available On a étudié dans un réacteur à lit fixe la réduction du NO par de la suie formée dans des flammes riches de mélanges éthane/oxygène/argon. Le mélange gazeux traversant le réacteur est de l'argon dopé avec du NO; dans certains cas ce mélange est enrichi d'hydrogène ou d'oxyde de carbone. En présence d'hydrogène ou d'oxyde de carbone, ces vitesses sont nettement plus grandes qu'avec la suie seule. La comparaison avec des vitesses réactionnelles obtenues sur des lits fixes composés d'autres matériaux solides, tels que l'alumine, montre que la réduction de l'oxyde d'azote se fait principalement par une réaction hétérogène avec l'hydrogène et l'oxyde de carbone catalysée par la suie. D'autres matériaux solides,tels que des oxydes réfractaires présentent une activité catalylique aussi importante que la suie. Cette observation fournit une nouvelle explication de l'effet connu de certains additifs sur la réduction de NO dans les flammes. Dans la seconde partie de l'étude, on mesure la réduction des oxydes d'azote dans les flammes fuligineuses de prémélange. De l'argon dopé par de l'oxyde d'azote est injecté dans les produits de combustion de ces flammes chargés de suie; l'introduction du NO est faite à différentes distances derrière le brûleur, correspondant à différents niveaux de température des produits de combustion. La réduction fractionnelle des oxydes d'azote est mesurée en fonction de la concentration en suie, en hydrogène et en oxyde de carbone, en faisant varier la composition du mélange inflammable. Les résultats expérimentaux sont en bon accord avec la réduction calculée en se basant sur les informations cinétiques obtenues en lit fixe. The kinetics of nitric oxide réduction by soot collected from hydrocarbon flames is studied in a fixed-bed reactor. The gas flow traversing thé reactor is either argon with NO, or argon with hydrogen and NO, or argon with carbon monoxide and NO. In th
Evaluation of the Reanalysis Surface Incident Shortwave Radiation Products from NCEP, ECMWF, GSFC, and JMA Using Satellite and Surface Observations
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Xiaotong Zhang
Full Text Available Solar radiation incident at the Earth's surface (Rs is an essential component of the total energy exchange between the atmosphere and the surface. Reanalysis data have been widely used, but a comprehensive validation using surface measurements is still highly needed. In this study, we evaluated the Rs estimates from six current representative global reanalyses (NCEP–NCAR, NCEP-DOE; CFSR; ERA-Interim; MERRA; and JRA-55 using surface measurements from different observation networks [GEBA; BSRN; GC-NET; Buoy; and CMA] (674 sites in total and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES EBAF product from 2001 to 2009. The global mean biases between the reanalysis Rs and surface measurements at all sites ranged from 11.25 W/m2 to 49.80 W/m2. Comparing with the CERES-EBAF Rs product, all the reanalyses overestimate Rs, except for ERA-Interim, with the biases ranging from −2.98 W/m2 to 21.97 W/m2 over the globe. It was also found that the biases of cloud fraction (CF in the reanalyses caused the overestimation of Rs. After removing the averaged bias of CERES-EBAF, weighted by the area of the latitudinal band, a global annual mean Rs values of 184.6 W/m2, 180.0 W/m2, and 182.9 W/m2 were obtained over land, ocean, and the globe, respectively.
$\\phi$ production in Pb-Pb collisions at 158 GeV/c per nucleon incident momentum
Alessandro, B; Arnaldi, R; Astruc, J; Atayan, M; Baglin, C; Baldit, A; Beolè, S; Boldea, V; Bordalo, P; Borges, G; Bussière, A; Capelli, L; Caponi, V; Castanier, C; Castor, J I; Chaurand, B; Chevrot, I; Cheynis, B; Chiavassa, E; Cicalò, C; Claudino, T; Comets, M P; Constans, N; Constantinescu, S; Cortese, P; Cruz, J; De Falco, A; De Marco, N; Dellacasa, G; Devaux, A; Dita, S; Drapier, O; Ducroux, L; Espagnon, B; Fargeix, J; Force, P; Gallio, M; Gavrilov, Yu K; Gerschel, C; Giubellino, P; Golubeva, M B; Gonin, M; Grigorian, A A; Grigoryanm, S; Grossiord, J Y; Guber, F F; Guichard, A; Gulkanian, H R; Hakobyan, R S; Idzik, M; Jouan, D; Karavitcheva, T L; Kluberg, L; Kurepin, A B; Le Bornec, Y; Lourenço, C; Macciotta, P; MacCormick, M; Marzari-Chiesa, A; Masera, M; Masoni, A; Monteno, M; Musso, A; Petiau, P; Piccotti, A; Pizzi, J R; Da Silva, W; Prino, F; Puddu, G; Quintans, C; Ramello, L; Ramos, S; Rato-Mendes, P; Riccati, L; Romana, A; Santos, H; Saturnini, P; Scalas, E; Scomparin, E; Serci, S; Shahoyan, R; Sigaudo, F; Silva, S; Sitta, M; Sonderegger, P; Tarrago, X; Topilskaya, N S; Usai, G L; Vercellin, Ermanno; Villatte, L; Willis, N
The production of vector mesons phi , rho and omega has been measured in Pb-Pb collisions at 158 GeV/c per nucleon incident momentum at the CERN/SPS. The muon spectrometer of experiment NA50 detects phi , rho and omega mesons via their mu /sup +/ mu /sup -/ decay channel in the collision center of mass rapidity range 0
Modélisation informatique de la production d'énergie renouvelable à partir de biogaz par transformation anaérobique dumélange de résidus d'agrumes et defumier de bovins
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Edwin Dario Cendales L.
Full Text Available Dans cet article nous avons simulé par ordinateur le processus de digestion anaérobique d'un mélange homogénéisé de fumier bétail et de résidus d'agrumes afin d'évaluer la viabilité des énergies renouvelables à partir de la transformation des déchets. Sur la base des résultats obtenus et grâce au développement de la phase expérimentale lors de laquelle étaient mesurées de façon périodiques les variables de contrôle du processus de biodégradation anaérobique tels que le pH, l'alcalinité, la demande chimique en oxygène (total et soluble, nous avons établi les performances des paramètres du processus et déterminé des valeurs pour la comparaison entre résultats expérimentaux et résultats informatiques. Nous avons en outre réalisé une simulation du processus de digestion anaérobique dans des conditions similaires à celles précédemment établis par d'autres essais expérimentaux à travers la mise en oeuvre du modèle ADM-1. Grâce aux résultats obtenus par le biais de simulations et mesures expérimentales, nous avons évalué la précision du modèle concernant les valeurs des mesures expérimentales. Un modèle simplifié pour l'évaluation de l'énergie produite par une installation à échelle réduite qui effectue le traitement anaérobique des résidus organiques a finalement été mis en place. Le modèle a montré qu'il existe au départ un déficit énergétique pour que le processus se réalise, mais une fois la production de biogaz enclenchée, le processus devient autonome et le système fournit une quantité croissante d'énergie disponible.
Parâmetros de produção de leite de búfala fermentado por Lactobacillus casei Production parameters of buffalo milk fermented by Lactobacillus casei
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Cláudia Puerari Faria
Full Text Available O leite de búfala foi fermentado por Lactobacillus casei, com diferentes concentrações de açúcar e tempos de fermentação, e estocado durante 30 dias a 5 e 10°C. Avaliaram-se a acidez, o pH e a viabilidade de L. casei nos diferentes tratamentos. O leite fermentado por 18 horas não apresentou os parâmetros requeridos para o produto, enquanto os fermentados por 22 e 24 horas apresentaram acidez e pH adequados. O tempo e a temperatura de estocagem influenciaram esses parâmetros. A viabilidade de L. casei inicial foi maior que 9 log UFC mL-1 e a final, maior que 8 log UFC mL-1, com influência da acidez.Buffalo milk fermented by Lactobacillus casei was elaborated with different sugar concentrations and fermentation times, and stored during 30 days at 5 and 10°C. Acidity, pH and L. casei viability were evaluated in the different treatments. Milk fermented for 18 hours did not show adequate parameters for this product. Milk fermented for 22 and 24 hours presented adequate acidity and pH. Storage time and temperature influenced these parameters. The L. casei initial viability was greater than 9 log CFU mL-1 and the final was greater than 8 log CFU mL-1, with influence from acidity.
Higher plasma soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (sRAGE) levels are associated with incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in type 1 diabetes
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Nin, Johanna W M; Jorsal, Anders; Ferreira, Isabel
To investigate the associations of plasma levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in type 1 diabetes and the extent to which any such associations could be explained by endothelial and renal dysfunct......To investigate the associations of plasma levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in type 1 diabetes and the extent to which any such associations could be explained by endothelial and renal...
suPAR: the molecular crystal ball
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Thunø, Maria; Macho, Betina; Eugen-Olsen, Jesper
soluble urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) levels reflect inflammation and elevated suPAR levels are found in several infectious diseases and cancer. suPAR exists in three forms; suPAR(I-III), suPAR(II-III) and suPAR(I) which show different properties due to structural differences. ...
Oxydation des protéines et des lipides dans les fromages induite par la lumière : incidence de la teneur en matière grasse et des conditions d'emballage
Kastrup Dalsgaard, Trine; Sørensen, John; Bakman, Mette; Vognsen, Lene; Nebel, Caroline; Albrechtsen, Rita; Nielsen, Jacob H.
International audience; Photo-oxidation of cheese products has become an issue due to the fact that packaging of cheeses in transparent materials is very frequently used. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of fat content and availability of oxygen on light-induced oxidation in cheese, as we expected that the fat content would affect the oxidation pathways. Two different model cheeses with 5.4% and 18% fat were packed in air and in vacuum, respectively. The contents of protein (...
Comparison of large-angle production of charged pions with incident protons on cylindrical long and short targets
Apollonio, M.; Bagulya, A.; Barr, G.; Blondel, A.; Bobisut, F.; Bogomilov, M.; Bonesini, M.; Booth, C.; Borghi, S.; Bunyatov, S.; Burguet-Castell, J.; Catanesi, M.G.; Cervera-Villanueva, A.; Chimenti, P.; Coney, L.; Di Capua, E.; Dore, U.; Dumarchez, J.; Edgecock, R.; Ellis, M.; Ferri, F.; Gastaldi, U.; Giani, S.; Giannini, G.; Gibin, D.; Gilardoni, S.; Gorbunov, P.; Gossling, C.; Gomez-Cadenas, J.J.; Grant, A.; Graulich, J.S.; Gregoire, G.; Grichine, V.; Grossheim, A.; Guglielmi, A.; Howlett, L.; Ivanchenko, A.; Ivanchenko, V.; Kayis-Topaksu, A.; Kirsanov, M.; Kolev, D.; Krasnoperov, A.; Martin-Albo, J.; Meurer, C.; Mezzetto, M.; Mills, G.B.; Morone, M.C.; Novella, P.; Orestano, D.; Palladino, V.; Panman, J.; Papadopoulos, I.; Pastore, F.; Piperov, Stefan; Polukhina, N.; Popov, B.; Prior, G.; Radicioni, E.; Schmitz, D.; Schroeter, R.; Skoro, G; Sorel, M.; Tcherniaev, E.; Temnikov, P.; Tereschenko, V.; Tonazzo, A.; Tortora, L.; Tsenov, R.; Tsukerman, I.; Vidal-Sitjes, G.; Wiebusch, C.; Zucchelli, P.
The HARP collaboration has presented measurements of the double-differential pi+/pi- production cross-section in the range of momentum 100 MeV/c <= p 800 MeV/c and angle 0.35 rad <= theta <= 2.15 rad with proton beams hitting thin nuclear targets. In many applications the extrapolation to long targets is necessary. In this paper the analysis of data taken with long (one interaction length) solid cylindrical targets made of carbon, tantalum and lead is presented. The data were taken with the large acceptance HARP detector in the T9 beam line of the CERN PS. The secondary pions were produced by beams of protons with momenta 5 GeV/c, 8 GeV/c and 12 GeV/c. The tracking and identification of the produced particles were performed using a small-radius cylindrical time projection chamber (TPC) placed inside a solenoidal magnet. Incident protons were identified by an elaborate system of beam detectors. Results are obtained for the double-differential yields per target nucleon d2 sigma / dp dtheta. The measure...
Wet deposition of fission-product isotopes to North America from the Fukushima Dai-ichi incident, March 2011
Wetherbee, Gregory A.; Gay, David A.; Debey, Timothy M.; Lehmann, Christopher M.B.; Nilles, Mark A.
Using the infrastructure of the National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP), numerous measurements of radionuclide wet deposition over North America were made for 167 NADP sites before and after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Station incident of March 12, 2011. For the period from March 8 through April 5, 2011, wet-only precipitation samples were collected by NADP and analyzed for fission-product isotopes within whole-water and filterable solid samples by the United States Geological Survey using gamma spectrometry. Variable amounts of 131I, 134Cs, or 137Cs were measured at approximately 21% of sampled NADP sites distributed widely across the contiguous United States and Alaska. Calculated 1- to 2-week individual radionuclide deposition fluxes ranged from 0.47 to 5100 Becquerels per square meter during the sampling period. Wet deposition activity was small compared to measured activity already present in U.S. soil. NADP networks responded to this complex disaster, and provided scientifically valid measurements that are comparable and complementary to other networks in North America and Europe.
Les zones de fragilité orthographique dans les productions sous dictée contrainte d'un texte classique par des adultes diplômé·e·s
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Pérez Manuel
Full Text Available L'étude conduite s'appuie sur des dictées recueillies auprès d'étudiant·e·s de 1° et de 2° années du Master MEEF 1er degré en préparation au Concours de Recrutement des Professeurs des Écoles. Lors d'une séance de remise à niveau en orthographe, les étudiant·e·s ont produit un extrait tiré d'un texte écrit par Fénelon entre 1701 et 1712. Cet extrait a fait l'objet de trois enquêtes étalées de 1873 à 2005 destinées à établir un bilan comparatif des connaissances des élèves du Cours Moyen 2° année à la 3° de collège. L'objectif de formation de cette séance était une réflexion sur l'orthographe du français et son enseignement à partir de pratiques orthographiques étudiantes. Pour l'objectif de recherche, il s'agissait d'analyser les zones de fragilité orthographique du français. Selon les travaux coordonnés par Lucci et Millet (1994, celles-ci se manifestent par les variations orthographiques contenues dans les productions, sont inhérentes au système et ne relèvent ni des scripteurs ni des situations d'écriture. Si tel est le cas, elles doivent aussi apparaitre dans les productions sous dictée d'adultes diplômé·e·s se destinant à l'enseignement primaire. Afin de favoriser leur émergence dans les productions de participant·e·s destiné·e·s à véhiculer la norme orthographique, la dictée a été contrainte. Les résultats indiquent un faible pourcentage de variations, concentrées, quoique dans un ordre différent dû à la spécificité de la tâche, sur les mêmes zones de fragilité orthographique que celles dégagées par Pach, Jacquemin, Millet et Billiez (1994 : les diacritiques et auxiliaires d'écriture, les morphogrammes non verbaux de nombre et les lettres dérivatives ainsi que les morphogrammes verbaux, particulièrement l'accord du participe passé avec avoir ou les finales en /E/.
Giral Lamenca, Mónica
Se aborda el tema de la parálisis cerebral definiendo qué es, clasificando los tipos de parálisis dependiendo de la afectación y las características principales. Se explican algunos de sus tratamientos, se dan sistemas alternativos y/o aumentativos de comunicación para un alumno con PC (parálisis cerebral).
Radio-vulcanization of natural rubber in the latex phase. Study of an experimental 1 tonne per hour production; Radio-vulcanisation du caoutchouc naturel en phase latex. Etude d'une production experimentale de 1 tonne par heure
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Leveque, P.; Puig, J.R.; Roudeix, H. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires
After briefly reviewing the main research carried out on the radio-vulcanization of latex and elastomers, a description is given of 4 types of cell which have been used successively with a view to industrial irradiation. They have made it possible to acquire the information necessary for resolving the main problem arising during irradiation - the formation of coagulum. The first two cell are designed for irradiation by a horizontal beam ('Dynamitron'), the two others use a vertical beam ('Circe'). The study of the properties of the rubber obtained shows it to compare favorably with 'Revultex'. In the appendix are given some characteristics of natural latex and information about its processing. (authors) [French] Apres un rappel des principales etudes sur la radio-vulcanisation du latex et des elastomeres, on decrit les quatre types de cellules successivement essayes en vue de l'irradiation industrielle. Ils ont permis d'acquerir les informations necessaires a la resolution du probleme principal pose par l'irradiation, la formation de coagulum au cours de celle,-ci. Les deux premiers sont concus pour l'irradiation par un faisceau horizontal ('Dynamitron'), les derniers par un faisceau vertical ('Circe'). L'etude des proprietes du caoutchouc obtenu montre qu'il se compare favorablement au 'Revultex'. Un apercu est donne en annexe des caracteristiques du latex naturel et de sa mise en oeuvre. (auteurs)
Étude du couplage procédé/produit lors de la production des mousses par des agrégats protéiques
Nicorescu, Irina
The aim of this study is to understand the interactions between molecular product/process and to estimate the influencing factors (e.g. thermal treatment, ingredients and operating conditions) in order to control foam properties, i.e. the microstructure of foamed products stabilized by aggregates of whey proteins (WPI). A first study allowed us to estimate the impact of the dynamic thermal treatment on the WPI solution (amount, size and morphology of the protein aggregates), and also on the f...
Incidence of Adverse Reactions to Medicinal Products in Josina Machel Central Hospital during the Year of 2014
Mateus Sebastião João Fernandes; Héctor Lara Fernández; Vladimir Calzadilla Moreira; Ignacio Miguel Gomez Macineira; Mario Héctor Almeida Alfonso
Introduction: The lack of knowledge regarding the incidence of adverse drug reactions in the hospital setting and their impact on morbidity and mortality is, nowadays, a major health problem in Angola. In the last years, notifications of adverse drug reactions have been practically null, namely at a hospital level. It is of great importance to characterize the incidence of adverse drug reactions occurring in a hospital setting, in order to implement measures towards improving the quality of h...
Expression of Partitioning Defective 3 (Par-3 for Predicting Extrahepatic Metastasis and Survival with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Jun-Yang Liou
Full Text Available Partitioning defective 3 (Par-3, a crucial component of partitioning-defective complex proteins, controls cell polarity and contributes to cell migration and cancer cell epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. However, the clinical relevance of Par-3 in tumor progression and metastasis has not been well elucidated. In this study, we investigated the impact and association of Par-3 expression and clinical outcomes with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC. We first confirmed that Par-3 was abundantly expressed in HCC cell lines by Western blot analysis. We used immunohistochemistry to analyze the association of Par-3 expression and clinicopathological characteristics in primary and subsequent metastatic tumors of patients with HCC. Par-3 was overexpressed in 47 of 111 (42.3% primary tumors. Increased expression of Par-3 in primary tumors predicted an increased five-year cumulative incidence of extrahepatic metastasis. In addition, multivariate analysis revealed that Par-3 overexpression was an independent risk factor of extrahepatic metastasis. Increased Par-3 expression in primary tumors was associated with poor five-year overall survival rates and was an independent prognostic factor on Cox regression analysis. In conclusion, we show for the first time that increased Par-3 expression is associated with distant metastasis and poor survival rates in patients with HCC. Par-3 may be a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC.
La production de carburants à partir de biomasse lignocellulosique par voie biologique : état de l'art et perspectives
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O'Donohue Michael J.
Full Text Available In the current international context, the development of industrial technology that will allow the production of agro-fuels from lignocellulosic biomass is becoming ever more important for society. However, despite over thirty years of research, several hurdles still have to be surmounted before the first industrial facilities begin to produce ethanol. Nevertheless, thanks to its ability to generate innovative, clean and sustainable solutions for industry, biotechnology is now well-poised to provide new solutions aimed at the full exploitation of biomass resources, not only to make fuels, but also a wide range of fine chemicals and products that are required by modern society.
Production algale et consommation par le Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L., au Lac Muhazi (Rwanda. Résumé de thèse de doctorat
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Mukankomeje, R.
Full Text Available Algal production and consumption by the Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L., in Lake Muhazi (Rwanda. The article describes shortly the objectives of a Food Early Warning System (FEWS project, as well as its organisation. The specifie case of Somalia, where the project had to evolve in increasingly difficult situations, and the solutions used so as to preserve the output, are described.
Manufacturing of par-fried french-fries. Part 1: Production yield as a function of number of tubers per kilogram
Somsen, D.J.; Capelle, A.; Tramper, J.
Mass losses during peeling and size sorting of cut strips in French-fries production are heavily influenced by potato size and shape. In this study the number of tubers per kilogram (N) is used as a raw material parameter to estimate the average principal dimensions, volume, surface area and
Limnological database for Par Pond: 1959 to 1980
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tilly, L.J.
A limnological database for Par Pond, a cooling reservoir for hot reactor effluent water at the Savannah River Plant, is described. The data are derived from a combination of research and monitoring efforts on Par Pond since 1959. The approximately 24,000-byte database provides water quality, primary productivity, and flow data from a number of different stations, depths, and times during the 22-year history of the Par Pond impoundment. The data have been organized to permit an interpretation of the effects of twenty years of cooling system operations on the structure and function of an aquatic ecosystem.
Limnological database for Par Pond: 1959 to 1980
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Tilly, L.J.
A limnological database for Par Pond, a cooling reservoir for hot reactor effluent water at the Savannah River Plant, is described. The data are derived from a combination of research and monitoring efforts on Par Pond since 1959. The approximately 24,000-byte database provides water quality, primary productivity, and flow data from a number of different stations, depths, and times during the 22-year history of the Par Pond impoundment. The data have been organized to permit an interpretation of the effects of twenty years of cooling system operations on the structure and function of an aquatic ecosystem
HETC-3STEP calculations of proton induced nuclide production cross sections at incident energies between 20 MeV and 5 GeV
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Takada, Hiroshi; Yoshizawa, Nobuaki; Ishibashi, Kenji.
For the OECD/NEA code intercomparison, nuclide production cross sections of 16 O, 27 Al, nat Fe, 59 Co, nat Zr and 197 Au for the proton incidence with energies of 20 MeV to 5 GeV are calculated with the HETC-3STEP code based on the intranuclear cascade evaporation model including the preequilibrium and high energy fission processes. In the code, the level density parameter derived by Ignatyuk, the atomic mass table of Audi and Wapstra and the mass formula derived by Tachibana et al. are newly employed in the evaporation calculation part. The calculated results are compared with the experimental ones. It is confirmed that HETC-3STEP reproduces the production of the nuclides having the mass number close to that of the target nucleus with an accuracy of a factor of two to three at incident proton energies above 100 MeV for nat Zr and 197 Au. However, the HETC-3STEP code has poor accuracy on the nuclide production at low incident energies and the light nuclide production through the fragmentation process induced by protons with energies above hundreds of MeV. Therefore, further improvement is required. (author)
Incidence of Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes in a poultry processing environment and in poultry products and their rapid confirmation by multiplex PCR.
Lawrence, L M; Gilmour, A
The incidence of Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes in a poultry processing plant and in raw and cooked poultry products was determined over a 6-month period. Within the raw and cooked poultry processing environments, 46% (36 of 79) and 29% (51 of 173) of the samples contained Listeria spp. while 26% (21 of 79) and 15% (27 of 173) contained L. monocytogenes, respectively. Various sites within the processing environment were found to be consistently positive for L. monocytogenes througho...
Produção de frutos e incidência de cancro cítrico em laranjeiras "Monte Parnaso" enxertadas sobre sete porta-enxertos Fruit production and incidence of citrus canker lesions on "Monte Parnaso" navel orange budded on seven rootstocks
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Bernadete Reis
Full Text Available Porta-enxertos de citros podem exercer influência sobre a produção de frutos e suscetibilidade das plantas ao cancro cítrico. Este trabalho objetivou selecionar porta-enxertos que induzam elevado índice de produtividade e menor suscetibilidade das copas de laranjeiras-de-umbigo "Monte Parnaso"(Citrus sinensis à bactéria Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri, causadora do cancro cítrico (CC. O experimento foi desenvolvido em um pomar experimental com 10 anos de idade, plantado em espaçamento de 2,5 x 6,0m, no município de Butiá, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com sete tratamentos e quatro repetições, usando duas plantas por parcela. Os tratamentos constaram dos seguintes porta-enxertos: limoeiros "Cravo" (C. limonia e "Volkameriano" (C. volkameriana., trifoliata "Flying Dragon" (Poncirus trifoliata., laranjeira "Caipira" (C. sinensis, citrangeiro "Troyer" (C. sinensis x P. trifoliata, tangerineira "Sunki" (C. sunki. e citrumeleiro "Swingle" (C. paradisi x P. trifoliata. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: incidência de CC em folhas e frutos em toda a planta e em ramos previamente selecionados, em diversas épocas. Verificou-se que as plantas enxertadas sobre citrumeleiro "Swingle" apresentaram o maior índice de produtividade e, à semelhança do "Flying Dragon", a menor incidência de CC, tanto nas folhas como nos frutos. Além disso, verificou-se também que as plantas enxertadas sobre os limoeiros "Cravo" e "Volkameriana", apesar de produzirem as mais elevadas cargas de frutos, foram as mais suscetíveis ao CC.Citrus rootstocks can exert some influences on fruit production and susceptibility of the plants to citrus canker (CC. This research was performed aiming to select rootstocks which induce higher productivity index and lower susceptibility of 'Monte Parnaso' navel orange (Citrus sinensis trees to the bacteria Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri. The research was carried out in an
Datation par thermoluminescence
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Full Text Available Depuis 1953, de nombreux chercheurs se sont intéressés à la datation par thermoluminescence de minéraux anciennement brûlés ou cuits. Dans ce travail, après avoir rappelé quelques principes physiques de la thermoluminescence, on présente cette méthode de datation en mettant l'accent sur le mécanisme thermoluminescent dans une poterie. Ainsi la dose d'irradiation reçue par le matériau étant proportionnelle au temps écoulé depuis le 'zéro archéologique', il est possible de déterminer 'la dose archéologique' et d'en déduire l'âge de l'échantillon après avoir calculé la dose d'irradiation annuelle. La réalisation pratique d'un tel ensemble de mesure est cependant très ardue. Dans un prochain article, E. A. Decamps et A. Roman montreront des résultats relatifs à la thermoluminescence d'échantillons de quartz naturels, purs et dopés et la mise au point d'une nouvelle méthode de datation. Desde 1953, muchos investigadores se han interesado en la datación por termoluminiscencia de minerales antiguamente quemados o cocidos. Dentro de este trabajo, luego de haber recordado algunos principios físicos de la termoluminiscencia, se presenta este método de datación poniendo mayor atención en el mecanismo termoluminescente en una vasija de metal o de barro. Siendo proporcional la dosis de irradiación recibida al tiempo transcurrido desde el 'cero arqueológico', es posible determinar 'la dosis arqueológica', y deducir la edad de la muestra luego de haber calculado la dosis de irradiación anual. La realización práctica de un trabajo de tal dimensión es sin embargo muy ardua. En un próximo artículo, E. A. Decamps y A. Román presentarán los resultados relativos a la termoluminiscencia de muestras de cuarzo naturales, puras y dopadas y la elaboración de un nuevo método de datación. Since 1953, a number of scientists have been concerned with the use of thermoluminescence for the dating of burned or fired minerals
Using EO-1 Hyperion to Simulate HyspIRI Products for a Coniferous Forest: The Fraction of PAR Absorbed by Chlorophyll (fAPAR(sub chl)) and Leaf Water Content (LWC)
Zhang, Qingyuan; Middleton, Elizabeth M.; Gao, Bo-Cai; Cheng, Yen-Ben
This study presents development of prototype products for terrestrial ecosystems in preparation for the future imaging spectrometer planned for the Hyperspectral Infrared Imager (HyspIRI) mission. We present a successful demonstration example in a coniferous forest of two product prototypes: fraction of photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) absorbed by chlorophyll of a canopy (fAPAR(sub chl)) and leaf water content (LWC), for future HyspIRI implementation at 60 m spatial resolution. For this, we used existing 30 m resolution imaging spectrometer data available from the Earth Observing One (EO-1) Hyperion satellite to simulate and prototype the level one radiometrically corrected radiance (L1R) images expected from the HyspIRI visible through shortwave infrared spectrometer. The HyspIRI-like images were atmospherically corrected to obtain surface reflectance, and spectrally resampled to produce 60 m reflectance images for wavelength regions that were comparable to all seven of the MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land bands. Thus, we developed MODIS-like surface reflectance in seven spectral bands at the HyspIRI-like spatial scale, which was utilized to derive fAPARchl and LWC with a coupled canopy-leaf radiative transfer model (PROSAIL2) for the coniferous forest[1]. With this study, we provide additional evidence that the fAPARchl product is more realistic for describing the physiologically active canopy than the traditional fAPAR parameter for the whole canopy (fAPAR(sub canopy)), and thus should replace it in ecosystem process models to reduce uncertainties in terrestrial carbon cycle studies and ecosystem studies.
Using EO-1 Hyperion to Simulate HyspIRI Products for a Coniferous Forest: The Fraction of PAR Absorbed by Chlorophyll (fAPAR(sub chl)) and Leaf Water Content(LWC)
Zhang, Qingyuan; Middleton, Elizabeth M.; Gao, Bo-Cai; Cheng, Yen-Ben
This paper presents development of prototype products for terrestrial ecosystems in preparation for the future imaging spectrometer planned for the Hyperspectral Infrared Imager (HyspIRI) mission. We present a successful demonstration example in a coniferous forest of two product prototypes: fraction of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) absorbed by chlorophyll of a canopy (fAPARchl) and leaf water content (LWC), for future HyspIRI implementation at 60-m spatial resolution. For this, we used existing 30-m resolution imaging spectrometer data available from the Earth Observing One (EO-1) Hyperion satellite to simulate and prototype the level one radiometrically corrected radiance (L1R) images expected from the HyspIRI visible through shortwave infrared spectrometer. The HyspIRIlike images were atmospherically corrected to obtain surface reflectance and spectrally resampled to produce 60-m reflectance images for wavelength regions that were comparable to all seven of the MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land bands. Thus, we developed MODIS-like surface reflectance in seven spectral bands at the HyspIRI-like spatial scale, which was utilized to derive fAPARchl and LWC with a coupled canopy-leaf radiative transfer model (PROSAIL2) for the coniferous forest. With this paper, we provide additional evidence that the fAPARchl product is more realistic in describing the physiologically active canopy than the traditional fAPAR parameter for the whole canopy (fAPARcanopy), and thus, it should replace it in ecosystem process models to reduce uncertainties in terrestrial carbon cycle and ecosystem studies.
Dimensionnement et extrapolation des bioréacteurs sur base de paramètres physiologiques : cas de la production de lipase par Yarrowia lipolytica
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Kar, T.
Full Text Available Bioreactor scale-up and design on the basis of physiologically relevant parameters: application to the production of lipase by Yarrowia lipolytica. Bioreactor scale-up often poses a serious issue during the industrial development of a bioprocess considering the numerous physical and biological phenomena occurring in the reacting volume. The basic principles of scale-up coming from the traditional chemical and process engineering approaches will be first reviewed and will be then compared to a new one involving recent development at the level of microbial strain manipulation. This "physiological" approach of scale-up involves directly a biological component of the system (by comparison with the traditional approach for scaling-up involving physical parameters indirectly linked to the physiological phenomena occurring in the bioreactor, i.e. the synthesis of a reporter fluorescent protein when microbial cells are exposed to stress. It will be shown how this principle can be used for a better understanding of the relationship between bioreactor hydrodynamics and microbial stress.
High statistics study (approx.106 events) of J/psi production and T production in the energy range 150 to 280 GeV by π+-, p+- incident particle
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Badier, J.; Boucrot, J.; Bourotte, J.; Burgun, G.; Callot, O.; Charpentier, P.; Crozon, M.; Decamp, D.; Delpierre, P.; Diop, A.; Dube, R.; Espigat, P.; Gandois, B.; Hagelberg, R.; Hansroul, M.; Karyotakis, J.; Kienzle, W.; Lafontaine, A.; Le Du, P.; Lefrancois, J.; Leray, T.; Maillard, J.; Matthiae, G.; Michelini, A.; Mine, P.; Nguyen Ngoc, H.; Rahal, G.; Runolfsson, O.; Siegrist, P.; Tilquin, A.; Timmermans, J.; Valentin, J.; Vanderhaghen, R.; Weisz, S.
We have performed in the NA3 experiment the study of high mass dimuon production by a hadronic unseparated beam on hydrogen and platinum targets. The comparison of the production cross-section for proton and antiproton together with the differential cross-section dsigma/dx allows us to compare the data with a production mechanism involving quark-antiquark and gluon-gluon interactions. The cosTHETA* distribution of the same J/psi data have also been analysed and results will be presented. Finally we have observed T production from 150 GeV/c incident pions
La preuve apportée par les sciences
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Full Text Available A propos d´une enquête menée par deux immunologistes de l´Université de Göteborg, rapportée par la très sérieuse revue Nature, le journal Le Monde n´hésitait pas à titrer : " La preuve du sexisme apportée par les sciences ". Les auteurs avaient en effet pu démontrer, irréfutables tests statistiques à l´appui, que, pour obtenir une bourse de post-doctorat offerte par le Swedisch Medical Research Council, les femmes devaient être deux fois et demie plus productives que les hommes ! Nous voulons...
Parâmetros de produtividade de um centro de material e esterilização Los parametros de productividad del centro de material y esterilización Productivity indicators in a sterilization central supply
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Tânia Regina Sancinetti
Full Text Available O estudo identifica parâmetros de produtividade no Centro de Material e Esterilização, com base em documentos, observação e cronometragem do processamento de duas amostras: caixa de herniorrafia e pacote de curativo. A produção média mensal foi de 30.466,42 artigos, a capacidade de produção, por hora, foi de 10,3 artigos por funcionário. O tempo de processamento do curativo do expurgo ao armazenamento foi, em média, de 295 minutos; o processo manual utilizou 46 minutos e o automatizado, 88 minutos. O tempo da caixa de herniorrafia foi de 329 minutos; o processo manual utilizou 60 minutos e o automatizado, 98 minutos. O processamento manual do curativo utilizou 59,23% horas produtivas no expurgo; 26,31% guarda e distribuição; 10,94% esterilização e 3,28% preparo. Quanto à caixa de herniorrafia: no preparo 16,20%; no expurgo 11,84%; na guarda e distribuição 7,47% e na esterilização 1,89%. Este estudo possibilitou aferir resultados e analisar o processo de trabalho no CME.El estudio identifica parámetros de productividad del Centro de Material y Esterilización, basados en documentos, observación y cronometraje procesadas en dos muestras: caja de herniorafia y fardo de curativo. El promedio de producción mensual fue de 30.466,42 artículos y el promedio de la capacidad de producción por hora fue 10,3 artículos por empleado. El tiempo de procesamiento del curativo del expurgo al almacenamiento fue en un promedio de 295 minutos; su proceso manual utilizó 46 minutos y lo automatizó en 88 minutos. El tiempo de la caja de herniorafia fue 329 minutos; su proceso manual utilizó 60 minutos y lo automatizó en 98 minutos. El procesamiento manual del curativo fue: 59,23% horas productivas encima del expurgo; 26,31% guarda y distribución; 10,94% esterilización y 3,28% preparo. Cuanto a la caja de herniorafia: en su preparo 16,20%; en el expurgo 11,84%; en la custodia y asignación 7,47% y en la esterilización 1,89%. El estudio
Incidence of Adverse Reactions to Medicinal Products in Josina Machel Central Hospital during the Year of 2014
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Mateus Sebastião João Fernandes
Full Text Available Introduction: The lack of knowledge regarding the incidence of adverse drug reactions in the hospital setting and their impact on morbidity and mortality is, nowadays, a major health problem in Angola. In the last years, notifications of adverse drug reactions have been practically null, namely at a hospital level. It is of great importance to characterize the incidence of adverse drug reactions occurring in a hospital setting, in order to implement measures towards improving the quality of healthcare services. Material and Methods: We conducted a descriptive, prospective observational study to characterize the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs in patients admitted to the Central Hospital "Josina Machel" in Luanda during the year 2014. An intensive monitoring through active search for adverse reactions possibly related with the drugs prescribed to patients was performed. Results: Of a total of 2041 hospitalized patients, 175 had adverse drug reactions. The incidence rate was 4.74% in the medicine service (n = 1077 and 12.86% in the therapy service (n = 964. A total of 209 adverse drug reactions were identified, averaging 1,2 adverse drug reactions per patient. The highest incidence rate of adverse drug reactions was recorded in patients aged between 18 and 35 years old, with 79 patients (45.14%. With regard to therapeutic class, it was found that antimicrobials were the drugs most commonly associated with adverse reactions, with 71 notifications (40.57%, followed by analgesics, antipyretics and anti-inflammatory steroids with 20,00%. Quinine and artesunate were the antimicrobials most frequently implicated in causing an adverse drug reaction, with 25 (14.29% and 15 (8.57% notifications respectively. In the group of anti-inflammatory drugs, diclofenac stood out with 13 notifications (7.43%. The most common clinical manifestations were skin rash, which corresponded to 23,44% of the total number of adverse drug reactions, followed by
Savoir y être. Production de localité par l'engagement dans un folklore festif How to be(long. Production of localness through participation in folk festivities
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Céline Bouchat
Full Text Available Chaque année, des milliers de Belges défilent habillés en soldats de l'Empire dans les rues d'une centaine de localités de l'Entre-Sambre-et-Meuse, en Belgique francophone. Le succès croissant rencontré par ces Marches folkloriques s'explique notamment par l'important potentiel identificatoire inhérent à la pratique festive. Ces Marches reflètent notamment des dynamiques sociales et identitaires originales qui émergent dans des localités rurales wallonnes en pleine mutation depuis plusieurs décennies. La participation aux Marches permet de recréer un local pouvant faire l'objet d'une identification collective. Cette construction s'accommode de la variété croissante des profils et des trajectoires des participants, en termes d'ancrage généalogique, de mobilité professionnelle ou même de lieu de vie. Elle s'appuie sur une série de dispositifs corporels, matériels et spatiaux, propres au répertoire folklorique. Dans ce cadre, les catégories du rural et de l'urbain sont mobilisées en tant qu'univers de représentations et de pratiques, pour faire valoir et matérialiser contextuellement des formes d'attachement variées aux villages et, plus globalement, à la ruralité.Every year, thousands of Belgian citizens in imperial soldiers' uniforms parade through the streets of about a hundred villages of the Entre-Sambre-et-Meuse region, in Francophone Belgium. The growing success enjoyed by these "folk walks" stems most notably from their inherent yet remarkable potential for constructing and combining a wide range of both social affiliation and differentiation processes. In particular, they reflect social and identity dynamics that have arisen in rural Walloon areas that for decades have been undergoing major changes. Participating in the walks thus allows recreating a localness that can ground collective identification. This social construction accommodates the growing diversity in participants�
Effect of Par Frying on Composition and Texture of Breaded and Battered Catfish
Catfish is often consumed as a breaded and battered fried product; however, baking is considered a healthier alternative to frying. One method of improving the texture properties of baked products is to par fried prior to baking. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of par frying ...
Radiative transfer code: Application to the calculation of PAR
Indian Academy of Sciences (India)
solar radiation as vector flux rather than PAR leads to an underestimate of the primary production up to ... The production of carbon in the ocean, the so-called .... ments, bchla, are very difficult to measure experimen- tally. Usually, we use a bio-optical model to derive bchla from the concentration of chlorophyll ''a'' pigment.
The ParB-parS Chromosome Segregation System Modulates Competence Development in Streptococcus pneumoniae
Attaiech, Laetitia; Minnen, Anita; Kjos, Morten; Gruber, Stephan; Veening, Jan-Willem
UNLABELLED: ParB proteins bind centromere-like DNA sequences called parS sites and are involved in plasmid and chromosome segregation in bacteria. We previously showed that the opportunistic human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae contains four parS sequences located close to the origin of
Digestibilidade e parâmetros ruminais de rações contendo silagens de resíduo da filetagem de tilápia = Digestibility and ruminal parameters of rations containing tilapia filleting by-product silages
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Luiz Juliano Valério Geron
Full Text Available Avaliou-se o coeficiente de digestibilidade (CD total e parcial dos nutrientes, parâmetros ruminais e eficiência microbiana de rações com silagem ácida do resíduo da filetagem de tilápia (SART, silagem fermentada do resíduo da filetagem de tilápia (SFRT e farinha de peixe (FAPE. Foram utilizados três novilhos da raça Holandesa (330 kg de peso corporal, distribuídos em delineamento quadrado latino 3 x 3. O óxido de cromo foi utilizado como indicador externo do fluxo de MS duodenal e fecal. O CD total e parcial dos nutrientes, não diferiu entre as rações experimentais. O CD total do extrato etére o (EE foi maior (pIt was evaluated total and partial digestibility coefficient (DC of nutrients, ruminal parameters and microbial efficiency synthesis of rations with acid silage of tilapia filleting by-product (ASTB, fermented silage of tilapia filleting byproduct (FSTB and fish meal (FIME. Three Holstein steers (330 kg of body weight were used, distribute in a 3 x 3 Latin Square Design. The chromium oxide was used as external marker of duodenal and fecal dry matter flow. The total and partial DC of nutrients didn't differ (p>0.05 among experimental rations. The total DC of ethereal extract was higher(p<0.05 on rations with ASTB and FSTB. The intest inal DC of ethereal extract on ration with FIME was lower (p<0.05 regarding to rations with ASTB and FSTB. There wasn't inclusion effect of protein sources on pH and ammonia nitrogen concentration of ruminal fluid and microbial efficiency synthesis. The i nclusion of 8% of ASTB and FSTB on ruminants'rations can be used without decreasing at nutrients digestion.
Drongelen AW van; Roszek B; Hilbers-Modderman ESM; Kallewaard M; Wassenaar C; LGM
This RIVM study was performed to gain insight into wheelchair-related incidents with powered and manual wheelchairs reported to the USA FDA, the British MDA and the Dutch Center for Quality and Usability Research of Technical Aids (KBOH). The data in the databases do not indicate that incidents with
Vision par ordinateur: outils fondamentaux
Horaud, Radu; Monga, Olivier
National audience; Cet ouvrage présente les outils fondamentaux de la vision par ordinateur dans un langage mathématique accessible aux étudiants de niveau DEUG en mathématiques ou informatique. Il donne également de nombreux exemples d'utilisation de la vision par ordinateur dans deux domaines de technologie de pointe : la robotique et l'imagerie médicale. Cette deuxième édition largement augmentée est un manuel de référence. Les outils fondamentaux sont présentés dans un langage mathématiqu...
Eta Production at High Transverse Momentum by Negative 520 GeV/c Pions Incident on Beryllium and Copper Targets
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Roser, Robert Martin [Univ. of Rochester, NY (United States)
This thesis presents a measurement of the production of high transverse momentum 17 mesons by a 520 GeV /c $\\sqrt{s}$ = 31.2) $\\pi^-$ beam using data collected during the 1990 fixed target run of Fermilab experiment E706. E706 is a second generation fixed target experiment designed to measure direct-photon production in hadron-nucleus collisions. These data provide a clean test of perturbative QCD and serve as a valuable tool for probing hadronic structure. The $\\gamma\\gamma$ decay mode of the $\\eta$ meson was studied using data from a highly segmented electromagnetic lead liquid argon sampling calorimeter. Results are presented for inclusive $\\eta$ production by $\\pi^-$ beams on both beryllium and copper targets. The $\\eta$ to $\\pi^0$ production ratio and the nuclear dependence of the $\\eta$ production cross section are also reported. These results are for $\\eta$'s in the transverse momentum range 3.5 to 9 Ge V / c and the center of mass rapidity range -0.75 to 0.75, and are the highest energy results ever obtained for inclusive $\\eta$ production using a $\\pi^-$ beam.
Simulation of hadron multiple production by cosmic-ray protons in the incident energy region of 1015 eV
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Takatsuka, Ichiro
The simulation studies of the unusual cosmic ray families found by the experiment at Mt. Chacaltaya were performed. Those families have a larger number of hadrons than the normal families, or are the families with big transverse extension. The former is called Centauro or Mini-centauro, and the latter is called Binocular and Chiron. In the first simulation, the process was calculated, in which the Lorentz transformation of π-meson multiple production (C-jet) in the energy region of 10 14 eV was made, and the jet with raised energy was combined, and the families were formed. The second simulation was made for the energy region more than 300 TeV, in which the nucleon-antinucleon multiple production with large transverse momentum and the B particle multiple production with larger transverse momentum were assumed. The data used were the C-jet data observed at Mt. Chacaltaya. For the simulation, all the primary particles were considered to be protons. The results of the present simulation study showed that the families with strong hadron components observed at Mt. Chacaltaya might be the new type hadron multiple production such as nucleon-antinucleon multiple production or B-particle multiple production. The total energy of all the families increased with the energy of the primary particles. There are a few families having the same extent of energy and spread as the Chiron. (Kato, T.)
Production des micro-algues des claires ostréicoles en relation avec l'azote organique dissous excrété par les huîtres
Robert, Jean-michel; Maestrini, Serge; Heral, Maurice; Zanette, Yvan
L'utilisation de tests biologiques dans l'étude de la fertilité des eaux de claires ainsi que l'analyse chimique des réserves en sels nutritifs des mêmes eaux montrent qu'une part importante de la biomasse micro-algale peut être produite dans ces bassins, par assimilation par les cellules de substances organiques dissoutes. Ainsi, pour l'azote, des estimations indirectes aboutissent à des quantités de cet élément assimilé sous forme organique variant entre 0,6 et 30,7 µg-at.I-1 selon les mode...
Incidence de la bactérie Xhantomonas oryzae pv oryzae sur la production du riz (Oriza sativa L. au Niger
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Basso, A.
Full Text Available Incidence of Xhantomonas oryzae pv oryzae on the Production of Rice (Oriza sativa L. in Niger. Rice bacterial blight due to Xhantomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is one of the diseases causing economic damage on rice in Niger. Investigations were led in the two most important irrigated rice producing areas (along the river Niger and the river Komadougou yobé in order to evaluate its importance. It comes out from the study that bacterial blight is present in both rice producing areas, with a prevalence of 10 to 75% and production losses ranging from 19 to 63%, which amounts from 200.000 to more than 500.000 FCFA/ha. It was noted that some cultural practices such as phased transplanting favor the development of bacterial outbreaks. The search for alternative hosts to the bacterium made it possible to identify 13 species. These hosts belong to Poaceae (more than 80% and Cyperaceae (nearly 20% families.
Experimental results on J/psi production by πsup(+-), Ksup(+-), p and anti p incident on hydrogen at 39.5 GeV/c
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Corden, M.J.; Dowell, J.D.; Garvey, J.; Homer, R.J.; Jobes, M.; Kenyon, I.R.; McMahon, T.; Owen, R.C.; Sumorok, K.C.T.; Vallance, R.J.
J/psi production at 40 GeV/c by πsup(+-), Ksup(+-), p and anti p incident on hydrogen has been studied and results compared with those obtained on tungsten in the same experiment. On hydrogen, J/psi cross-section ratios relative to π - have been measured to be (for xsub(F) > 0) sigma(π - ) : sigma(π + ) : sigma(anti p) : sigma(p) = 1 : (0.78 +- 0.09) : (0.83 +- 0.35) : (0.07 +- 0.04). The suppression of the proton induced cross sections shows the importance of calence quark-antiquark fusion in J/psi production at this energy (i.e., M 2 sub(J)sub(/)sub(psi)/s = 0.13). (orig.)
Intravaginal administration of lactic acid bacteria modulated the incidence of purulent vaginal discharges, plasma haptoglobin concentrations, and milk production in dairy cows.
Ametaj, B N; Iqbal, S; Selami, F; Odhiambo, J F; Wang, Y; Gänzle, M G; Dunn, S M; Zebeli, Q
This investigation studied the effects of intravaginal administration of a mixture of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on the incidence of purulent vaginal discharges (PVD), plasma haptoglobin concentrations, and milk production in dairy cows. A total of 82 pregnant primiparous and multiparous Holstein dairy cows were used in this study. Half of the cows received intravaginally 1mL of LAB at 10(10)-10(12)cfu/mL and the other half 1mL of reconstituted skim milk (i.e., carrier) (controls). Administration of LAB was conducted once per wk during 2 and 1wk before the expected day of calving and at 1, 2, 3, and 4wk postpartum. Data demonstrated that intravaginal administration of LAB decreased the occurrence of PVD at 3wk postpartum (Pmilk than their control counterparts (Pmilk yield (P>0.05). Overall, this is the first study demonstrating that intravaginal LAB administration lowers the incidence of PVD and enhances milk production in dairy cows. Further research is warranted to evaluate the effects of LAB on reproductive performance in a larger cohort of cows. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Higher plasma levels of advanced glycation end products are associated with incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in type 1 diabetes
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Nin, Johanna W; Jorsal, Anders; Ferreira, Isabel
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations of plasma levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in type 1 diabetes and the extent to which any such associations could be explained by endothelial and renal dysfunction, low-gr......-related pathophysiological mechanisms. Thus, AGEs may explain, in part, the increased cardiovascular disease and mortality attributable to type 1 diabetes and constitute a specific target for treatment in these patients.......OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations of plasma levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in type 1 diabetes and the extent to which any such associations could be explained by endothelial and renal dysfunction, low......-grade inflammation, and arterial stiffness. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We prospectively followed 169 individuals with diabetic nephropathy and 170 individuals with persistent normoalbuminuria who were free of CVD at study entry and in whom levels of N(ε)-(carboxymethyl)lysine, N...
Hydrogen production by water dissociation from a nuclear reactor; Production d'hydrogene par dissociation de l'eau a partir d'un reacteur nucleaire
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
This memento presents the production of hydrogen by water decomposition, the energy needed for the electrolysis, the thermochemical cycles for a decomposition at low temperature and the possible nuclear reactors associated. (A.L.B.)
Hydrogen production by renewable energies. Final report of the integrated research program 4.1; Production d'hydrogene par des energies renouvelables. Rapport final du programme de recherche integree 4.1
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
The aim of this PRI is to study and to develop methods of hydrogen production based on the renewable energies, without greenhouse gases emission in order to implement clean processes in the framework of a sustainable development. Two approaches are proposed. The first one uses microorganisms in condition of hydrogen production (micro-algae). The second one is based on the bio-mimetism approaches aiming to reproduce artificially the biological mechanisms of the photosynthesis leading to water decomposition. (A.L.B.)
Accumulation of advanced glycation end products evaluated by skin autofluorescence and incident frailty in older adults from the Bordeaux Three-City cohort.
Pilleron, Sophie; Rajaobelina, Kalina; Tabue Teguo, Maturin; Dartigues, Jean-François; Helmer, Catherine; Delcourt, Cécile; Rigalleau, Vincent; Féart, Catherine
We analyzed the cross-sectional and prospective relationships between the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGE), assessed by skin autofluorescence (AF) and frailty and its components. A total of 423 participants of the Bordeaux sample of the Three-City study 75 years of age or older in 2009-2010 were included in the cross-sectional analysis. Among them, 255 initially non-frail participants were re-examined 4 years later. Skin AF (arbitrary units (AU)) was measured using the AGE Reader. Frailty was defined using Fried's criteria. Associations were assessed with logistic regression models. Mean skin AF at baseline was 2.81 ±0.68 AU and 16.8% participants were frail. Adjusted for sociodemographic and health characteristics, skin AF was associated neither with prevalent frailty as a whole (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.2; 95% Confidence Interval: 0.8-1.9) nor with any of its components. Among 255 non-frail participants, 32 became frail over 4 years. In multivariate analyses, skin AF was not associated with incident frailty as a whole (OR = 1.0; 0.5-2.0) but with a doubled risk of incident exhaustion (OR = 2.0; 1.2-3.6) and low energy expenditure (OR = 2.0; 1.1-3.7). No association was observed with other criteria. In French older community-dwellers aged 75 years and over, the accumulation of AGEs evaluated by skin AF was not associated with prevalent or incident frailty but with the 4-year risk of exhaustion and low energy expenditure. Further studies with larger samples are needed to confirm our results.
Accumulation of advanced glycation end products evaluated by skin autofluorescence and incident frailty in older adults from the Bordeaux Three-City cohort.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Sophie Pilleron
Full Text Available We analyzed the cross-sectional and prospective relationships between the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGE, assessed by skin autofluorescence (AF and frailty and its components.A total of 423 participants of the Bordeaux sample of the Three-City study 75 years of age or older in 2009-2010 were included in the cross-sectional analysis. Among them, 255 initially non-frail participants were re-examined 4 years later. Skin AF (arbitrary units (AU was measured using the AGE Reader. Frailty was defined using Fried's criteria. Associations were assessed with logistic regression models.Mean skin AF at baseline was 2.81 ±0.68 AU and 16.8% participants were frail. Adjusted for sociodemographic and health characteristics, skin AF was associated neither with prevalent frailty as a whole (Odds Ratio (OR = 1.2; 95% Confidence Interval: 0.8-1.9 nor with any of its components. Among 255 non-frail participants, 32 became frail over 4 years. In multivariate analyses, skin AF was not associated with incident frailty as a whole (OR = 1.0; 0.5-2.0 but with a doubled risk of incident exhaustion (OR = 2.0; 1.2-3.6 and low energy expenditure (OR = 2.0; 1.1-3.7. No association was observed with other criteria.In French older community-dwellers aged 75 years and over, the accumulation of AGEs evaluated by skin AF was not associated with prevalent or incident frailty but with the 4-year risk of exhaustion and low energy expenditure. Further studies with larger samples are needed to confirm our results.
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Francois, P.
We undertook a study programme at the end of 1991. To start with, we performed some exploratory studies aimed at learning some preliminary lessons on this type of analysis: Assessment of the interest of probabilistic incident analysis; possibility of using PSA scenarios; skills and resources required. At the same time, EPN created a working group whose assignment was to define a new approach for analysis of incidents on NPPs. This working group gave thought to both aspects of Operating Feedback that EPN wished to improve: Analysis of significant incidents; analysis of potential consequences. We took part in the work of this group, and for the second aspects, we proposed a method based on an adaptation of the event-tree method in order to establish a link between existing PSA models and actual incidents. Since PSA provides an exhaustive database of accident scenarios applicable to the two most common types of units in France, they are obviously of interest for this sort of analysis. With this method we performed some incident analyses, and at the same time explores some methods employed abroad, particularly ASP (Accident Sequence Precursor, a method used by the NRC). Early in 1994 EDF began a systematic analysis programme. The first, transient phase will set up methods and an organizational structure. 7 figs
Par Pond Fish, Water, and Sediment Chemistry
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Paller, M.H. [Westinghouse Savannah River Company, AIKEN, SC (United States); Wike, L.D.
The objectives of this report are to describe the Par Pond fish community and the impact of the drawdown and refill on the community, describe contaminant levels in Par Pond fish, sediments, and water and indicate how contaminant concentrations and distributions were affected by the drawdown and refill, and predict possible effects of future water level fluctuations in Par Pond.
Par Pond Fish, Water, and Sediment Chemistry
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Paller, M.H.; Wike, L.D.
The objectives of this report are to describe the Par Pond fish community and the impact of the drawdown and refill on the community, describe contaminant levels in Par Pond fish, sediments, and water and indicate how contaminant concentrations and distributions were affected by the drawdown and refill, and predict possible effects of future water level fluctuations in Par Pond
Electricity production from wind energy: world situation and the French program EOLE 2005; Production d'electricite par energie eolienne: situation dans le monde et programme francais EOLE 2005
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Electricite de France [ed.] [Electricite de France (EDF), 75 - Paris (France)
The wind electricity world market shows at present an important development stage characterized by an annual increase rate of 20% to 30%. The total installed power in the world reached the value 7,200 MW in November 1997 and, according to forecasts, it could increase fivefold up to 2005. For France's high wind potential sites, namely the DOM-TOM and in Corsica, where the electricity production is more expensive than in inland France, this energy production mode approaches the threshold of competitiveness with other production means. The program EOLE 2005 (targeting 250 to 500 MW from wind turbines to be installed in France until 2005), launched in 1996 by EDF in collaboration with ADEME, on request of public authorities, is thought to implement this demand. The sections of the report are titled as following: - An energy used by man from long time ago; - Momentous developments of the wind power technology since eighties; - From wind turbines of some hundreds kW to 3 MW, based on robust technologies and newly devised methods; - Wind energy becomes equally interesting from economic viewpoint but for which applications?; - This option presents some drawbacks; - Which is the wind potential economically acceptable if the mentioned constraints are taken into account?; - The wind generators will be installed on sea near seashores; - An outstanding change in this field in France since 1996: the programme EOLE 2005; - 35 selected projects of 125,3 MW total power; - Future. The electricity production from wind energy seems promising particularly for the countries that have not resorted to either nuclear energy or hydropower options and which possess important wind resources.
Calculation of stricken to mortality and incidence cancers due to beyond design basis accidents of the Esfahan Fuel Production Factory
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Heydari Azar, A.; Shahshahani, M.; Roshanzamir, M.; Sabouhi, R.
In this investigation the amount of absorbed doses by the different pathways of Cloud shine, Ground shine, deposition of radioactive materials on skin and cloths, ingestion, inhalation and the consequences of radioactive material releases due to Beyond Design Basis Accidents such as fire, sintering furnace explosion, criticality and earthquake in Esfahan Fuel Production factory by the residents are evaluated. The calculations related to atomic cloud distribution, estimation of delivered dose and decay chains are performed by PCCOSYMA dose. These computations are based on radioactive source terms, distribution height of radioactive materials. actions for reducing the absorbed dose, human body physiological characteristics, metrological condition and population distribution. Finally, the number of peoples who are stricken to mortality and morbidity cancers and risk values are calculated for 1 year and 50 years
Consumption of Yogurt, Low-Fat Milk, and Other Low-Fat Dairy Products Is Associated with Lower Risk of Metabolic Syndrome Incidence in an Elderly Mediterranean Population.
Babio, Nancy; Becerra-Tomás, Nerea; Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel; Corella, Dolores; Estruch, Ramon; Ros, Emilio; Sayón-Orea, Carmen; Fitó, Montserrat; Serra-Majem, Lluís; Arós, Fernando; Lamuela-Raventós, Rosa M; Lapetra, José; Gómez-Gracia, Enrique; Fiol, Miguel; Díaz-López, Andrés; Sorlí, José V; Martínez, J Alfredo; Salas-Salvadó, Jordi
The association between consumption of dairy products and the risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) is unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the associations between consumption of dairy products (total and different subtypes) and incident MetS in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular disease risk. We prospectively analyzed 1868 men and women (55-80 y old) without MetS at baseline, recruited from different PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) centers between October 2003 and June 2009 and followed up until December 2010. MetS was defined according to updated, harmonized criteria. At baseline and yearly thereafter, we determined anthropometric variables, dietary habits by a 137-item validated food-frequency questionnaire, and blood biochemistry. Multivariable-adjusted HRs of MetS or its components were estimated for each of the 2 upper tertiles (vs. the lowest one) of mean consumption of dairy products during the follow-up. During a median follow-up of 3.2 y, we documented 930 incident MetS cases. In the multivariable-adjusted model, HRs (95% CIs) of MetS for the comparison of extreme tertiles of dairy product consumption were 0.72 (0.61, 0.86) for low-fat dairy, 0.73 (0.62, 0.86) for low-fat yogurt, 0.78 (0.66, 0.92) for whole-fat yogurt, and 0.80 (0.67, 0.95) for low-fat milk. The respective HR for cheese was 1.31 (1.10, 1.56). Higher consumption of low-fat dairy products, yogurt (total, low-fat, and whole-fat yogurt) and low-fat milk was associated with a reduced risk of MetS in individuals at high cardiovascular disease risk from a Mediterranean population. Conversely, higher consumption of cheese was related to a higher risk of MetS. This trial was registered at controlled-trials.com as ISRCTN35739639. © 2015 American Society for Nutrition.
HAMOUDI, Badreddine
Le complexe RuCl2(PPh3)3 a été préparé dans le but de son application sur la réaction d'oxydation du cyclohexane en cyclhexanol et cyclohexanone. Les analyses par chromatographie en phase gaz sur la phase organique montrent la production de l'alcool et la cétone dans le cas du t-BuOOH comme oxydant, ce qui n'est le cas avec l'eau oxygénée et l'oxygène moléculaire. La réaction a été effectuée dans différents solvants, où l'eau a apportée une meilleure conversion par rapport a...
Neutron production in deuteron-induced reactions on Li, Be, and C at an incident energy of 102 MeV
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Araki Shouhei
Full Text Available Double-differential cross sections (DDXs of deuteron-induced neutron production reactions on Li, Be, and C at 102 MeV were measured at forward angles (≤ 25∘ by means of a time of flight method with NE213 liquid organic scintillators at the Research Center of Nuclear Physics, Osaka University. The experimental results were compared with model calculations with PHITS and DEURACS. The DEURACS calculation reproduces the experimental DDXs for C at very forward angles than the PHITS one. Moreover, the incident energy dependence of the Li(d,xn reaction was investigated by adding the DDX data measured previously at 25 and 40 MeV.
Measurement of gluon polarization through spin asymmetry in the production of charmed mesons; Mesure de la polarisation des gluons par l'asymetrie de spin dans la production de mesons charmes
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Panebianco, St
The main aim of the COMPASS experiment is the measurement of the gluon polarization in the nucleon, which can be accessed by the spin asymmetry in the scattering of a polarized muon beam on a polarized nucleon target. The process sensitive to the gluon polarization is the photon-gluon fusion, which can be tagged in the cleanest way by looking at the production of D{sup 0} mesons. At COMPASS, D{sup 0} mesons are reconstructed from the invariant mass of their decay products. However, it is a rare process, dominated by a large combinatorial background. This thesis presents some studies devoted to the improvement of the charmed mesons reconstruction. The measurement of the efficiency and the space resolution of the 3 drift chamber stations of the COMPASS spectrometer is a necessary step in understanding the performances of the reconstruction of particle trajectories. The hadron identification, which is fundamental in the reconstruction of charmed meson decay, is performed by a RICH detector. A statistical treatment of signal and background, together with an upgrade project to replace the present front-end electronics, have been developed in order to improve the particle identification performances. The second part of this work concerns the spin asymmetry measurement, which requires the application of event selection criteria in order to minimize the noise over signal ratio in the D{sup 0} invariant mass, and the development of event-weighting methods to reduce the statistical error. This work presents a preliminary result, based on 2002-2004 statistics, which is the {delta}G/G measurement from open charm production. Although the error bars are large, the measured gluon polarization is compatible with zero. Given the present accuracy, this result is compatible with the existing direct measurements from other channels. However, it does not allow to distinguish between different theoretical models. (author)
Optimization of the nitrous vapors experimental conditions production by nitric acid electrochemical reduction; Optimisation des conditions operatoires de production de vapeurs nitreuses par reduction electrochimique d`acide nitrique
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Lemaire, M.
Gaseous nitrogen oxides (NO and NO{sub 2}) involved as oxidizing agents in nuclear fuel reprocessing can be produced by electrochemical reduction of nitric acid. This is an interesting alternative to the existing process because no wastes are generated. voltammetric studies on a platinum electrode show that two reduction potential regions are observed in concentrated nitric acid solutions, between 0,05 V{sub SHE} and between 0,5 V{sub SHE} and 1 V{sub SHE}. The highest potential region reduction mechanism was studied by: classical micro-electrolysis methods, macro-electrolysis methods, infrared spectroscopy coupled to electrochemistry. It was determined that the origin of nitric acid reduction is the electrochemical reduction of nitrous acid in nitric oxide which chemically reduces nitric acid. This reaction produces nitrous acid back which indicate an auto-catalytic behaviour of nitric acid reduction mechanism. Nitrogen dioxide evolution during nitric reduction can also explained by an other chemical reaction. If the potential value of platinum electrode is above 0,8 V{sub SHE}, products of the indirect nitric acid reduction are nitrous acid, nitrogen oxide and nitrogen dioxide. Below this value nitric oxide can be reduced in nitrous oxide. Thus the potential value is the most important parameter for the nitrogen oxides production selectivity. However, owing to the auto-catalytic character of the reduction mechanism, potential value can be controlled during intentiostatic industrial electrolysis. (author). 91 refs.
Solar process for cold production at low temperature (-28 deg) by solid-gas sorption; Procede solaire de production de froid basse temperature (-28 deg) par sorption solide-gaz
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Le Pierres, N.
The aim of this work is the design and experimentation of a thermochemical process for cold production purpose at -28 deg. C using low grade heat (70 deg. C) supplied by flat plate solar collectors. An exergetic analysis of the thermo-chemical dipole and of ideal thermodynamic cycles led to the definition of an original solar process. This process involves two cascaded cycles functioning in parallel. The cycle is discontinuous and presents a day phase of heating and regeneration and a night phase of cold production. A dynamic simulation allowed the study of its functioning depending on the weather conditions and on the dimensions of the process. A prototype covering the needs of a cold chamber loosing 40 W of cold continuously was built and tested in real conditions in Perpignan. It demonstrated the feasibility of this innovative concept and validated the hypothesis used to develop the model. A study of the process functioning was lead by simulation in different meteorological conditions and for different heat sources (solar, geothermal or industrial waste). It showed the potentialities of the concept. (author)
Aspergilli with Neosartorya-type ascospores: heat resistance and effect of sugar concentration on growth and spoilage incidence in berry products.
Berni, Elettra; Tranquillini, Roberta; Scaramuzza, Nicoletta; Brutti, Andrea; Bernini, Valentina
This study focused on four different heat resistant aspergilli: two strains of Aspergillus hiratsukae (≡Neosartorya hiratsukae), one strain of Aspergillus neoglaber (≡Neosartorya glabra), and one strain of Aspergillus thermomutatus (≡Neosartorya pseudofischeri), all isolated from spoiled pasteurized products. Their heat-resistance, the sugar concentration limiting their germination and growth in berry-based media, and a possible relation between the contamination levels of the raw materials used and the spoilage incidence in strawberry jams were assessed. Heat resistance data obtained from thermal death curves showed that the D values of the strains tested ranged between 3.7 and 13.5min at 87°C; 1.5 and 3.5min at 90°C; and 0.3 and 0.4min at 95°C in glucose solution. Similarly, D values ranged between 3.3 and 15.4min at 87°C; 1.3 and 4.3min at 90°C; and 0.3 and 0.6min at 95°C in strawberry-based formulation. For all strains, the corresponding z-values ranged between 5.7 and 8.3°C in glucose solution and from 5.7 to 8.4°C in strawberry formulation. With regard to the limitation of fungal germination and growth in fruit-based media, sucrose concentrations required to avoid growth varied between 45.0 and 55.0% for strawberry medium and between 42.5% and 50.0% for blueberry medium. Spore inactivation was observed below aw 0.88-0.91 for strawberries and aw 0.87-0.90 for blueberries; above 49.7-56.5°Bx for strawberries and 49.6-56.0°Bx for blueberries. The threshold optical refractometric residue proved strain-dependent, but substrate-independent, as for each strain the highest Brix degree value at which germination occurred was the same on both media, despite their different sucrose concentrations. With regard to the relation between contamination of raw materials by heat-resistant mould spores and spoilage incidence on final product, an equation was modelled to estimate the occurrence of fungal spoilage in strawberry jams for low contamination levels (26
Parâmetros genéticos de longevidade e produtividade de fêmeas da raça Nelore Genetic parameters of longevity and productivity of Nellore females
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Rodrigo Possa Bertazzo
Full Text Available Informações de 56.413 nascimentos de fêmeas da raça Nelore, ocorridos entre 1950 e 2000, em diferentes regiões do País, sob diferentes condições de criação e de manejo, foram usadas para estudar os componentes de (covariância e os parâmetros genéticos (herdabilidade e correlação genética dos pesos das vacas ao desmame (P205, a um ano de idade (P365 e ao sobreano (P550, dos pesos do bezerro ao desmame (P205b, a um ano de idade (P365b e ao sobreano (P550b, bem como da idade ao primeiro parto (IPPM, da vida produtiva (VPM e da longevidade, todas em meses (LONGM, do intervalo de partos em dias (INTP, da eficiência reprodutiva (ER, dos índices de produção (IP, de produção metabólico (IPM, de produção somado (IPS e de produção metabólico somado (IPMS. As estimativas dos componentes de (covariância foram realizadas por máxima verossimilhança restrita assumindo modelo animal. Analisaram-se os efeitos genéticos diretos, maternos e de ambiente permanente, além de efeitos fixos de fazenda, regime alimentar, condição de criação, ano de nascimento, estação de nascimento e sexo do bezerro. As estimativas de herdabilidade apresentaram-se similares entre as diferentes análises, sendo mais altas (0,24 a 0,75 para P205, P365, P550, P205b, P365b, P550b, IP, IPM, IPPM, VPM e LONGM e mais baixas (0 a 0,10 para ER, INTP, IPS e IPMS. Algumas correlações entre efeito genético materno e as características de crescimento foram negativas. De modo geral, correlações negativas entre LONGM e características de crescimento evidenciam o antagonismo genético entre maturidade precoce e longevidade. Entre LONGM e características de reprodução (IPPM ou produção (índices de produção, as estimativas foram positivas, evidenciando que a fêmea que permanece no rebanho por mais tempo é aquela que possui os melhores índices reprodutivos e produtivos.In order to estimate the (covariance components, heritabilities and genetic
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Full Text Available The development of the food industry ensures the necessary protein for the population and in this perspective the valorisation of by-products from the dairy industry (whey and buttermilk can be a solution in this direction. Whey is a very important substrate for the biosynthesis of single cell protein by its lactose content which is the main source of fermentable substrate for yeasts. As part of our research, the biomass protein was obtained using whey as source of lactose and other sugars and yeast strains of Candida utilis. The modelling program used is 2nd order system centred with three variables: amount of sugar, amount of nitrogen and quantity of phosphorus. The following parameters have been pursued: biomass content, yield of sugar consumption and protein content. The process conditions are influenced by the addition of different nutrients.
Bio-surfactants production from low cost substrate and degradation of diesel oil by a Rhodococcus strain; Production de biosurfactants sur un substrat economique et degradation du gasoil par une souche du genre Rhodococcus
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Sadouk, Z.; Tazerouti, A. [Universite des Sciences et de la Technologie H. Boumediene (USTHB), Lab. de Synthese Organique, Faculte de Chimie, Algiers (Algeria); Sadouk, Z.; Hacene, H. [Universite des Sciences et de la Technologie H. Boumediene (USTHB), Lab. de Microbiologie, Faculte des Sciences Biologiques, Algiers (Algeria)
The ability of a Rhodococcus strain to produce surface-active agents from residual sunflower frying oil (RSFO) has been screened in batch cultures. During cultivation with RSFO at the concentration 3% (vol/vol), the strain has synthesized extra-cellular compounds which increase the E{sub 24} emulsion index of the culture medium up to 63%. In their crude form, these substances lower the surface tension of water until 31.9 mN m{sup -1}. The exponential growth with RSFO as the sole carbon source has developed at a specific growth rate {mu} = 0.55 d{sup -1}. The critical micelle concentration of the crude product reached the value 287 mg L{sup -1} ({gamma}CMC = 31.9 mN m{sup -1}). After methyl-esterification, the lipid fraction of bio-surfactants has been analyzed by GC-MS in EI, which reveals the presence of fatty acid methyl esters. The microorganism was also cultivated with the diesel oil as the sole carbon source at the concentration 1% (vol/vol): the active growth phase has developed at rate = 0.02 d{sup -1}, without production of emulsifying substance: the microorganism seems to develop different modes of substrate uptake, according to the nature of the carbon source. The potential use of surface-active agents synthesized on RSFO by Rhodococcus erythropolis 16 LM.USTHB is in the oil industry with minimum purity specification, so that crude preparation could be used, at low cost, in clean-up of hydrocarbons contaminated sites and for enhanced oil recovery. (authors)
Incidence and interactions of heavy metals and pharmaceutical products in surface waters of a Mediterranean coastal wetland.
Andreu, Vicente; Pascual, Juan Antonio; Gimeno, Eugenia; Picó, Yolanda
Heavy metals have been during decades a result of the human fingerprint on the ecosystems, mainly in waters, soils or vegetation, being considered as a major s threat also on human health. However, the increasing in human population shows other aspect, such as the so called "emerging contaminants". They constitute an increasing group of compounds that includes, among others, personal care products, drugs of abuse and pharmaceuticals. These contaminants have become, in recent years, of great concern for researchers and, even, for the population. Among these substances, the presence of pharmaceuticals in the ecosystems compartments has becoming an increasing problem for environmental sustainability, and also for human health, with consequences very scarcely known. They reach the nature from waste waters treatment plants, industrial waste effluents, uncontrolled landfills, etc. affecting particularly the fauna in its different levels. Some pharmaceuticals have shown toxicity not only to bacteria, algae and invertebrates but also to fish, mollusks, etc. This work is focused on the study of the presence of 17 relevant pharmaceuticals and 7 heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in surface waters of the irrigation channels and the lagoon of the Pego-Oliva Marsh Natural Park (Valencian Community, Spain), which is characterized by a long history of human pressures, such as marsh transformation for agricultural uses, urbanization, etc. In this area, 34 sampling zones were selected, covering the main land uses. The interactions and possible relationships between both groups of contaminants were studied, together with the influences of the source of water samples, land uses and their spatial distribution. All water samples appeared contaminated with at least with two compounds. Ibuprofen and codeine were the compounds more frequently detected in concentrations between detection limit and a maximum of 59 ng/L and 63 ng/L respectively. Regarding the studied metals, Zn
Aspectos econômicos da produção e do risco nos sistemas agroflorestais e nos sistemas tradicionais de produçâo agrícola em tomé-açu, Pará - 2001 a 2003 Economic aspects of production under risk conditions in agroforestry systems and traditional agricultural systems in tomé-açu, Pará - 2001 to 2003
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Luiz Benedito Varela
Full Text Available Neste artigo, analisaram-se os fatores determinantes da produção dinâmica dos sistemas agroflorestais (SAF e dos sistemas tradicionais de produção agrícola (ST, sob condições de risco, em pequenas e médias unidades produtivas nipo-brasileiras localizadas no Município de Tomé-Açu, Pará, no período de 2001 a 2003. Os resultados indicaram que todos os fatores, exceto a mão-de-obra contratada e as máquinas e equipamentos, afetam diretamente o Valor Bruto da Produção (VBP dos SAF e dos ST; a variável dummy apresentou diferença cumulativa a menor no VBP dos SAF, de um ano para outro. A função de risco estimada apontou que os SAF apresentaram menor risco que os ST, evidenciando-se que a aplicação de insumos era fonte de redução de risco, mas a tecnologia adotada precisa ser adequada, pois se apresenta como fator de aumento de risco nos dois sistemas. Além disso, a dummy indicou que os SAF exibiram menor nível de risco que os ST. Nesse contexto, os resultados deixaram claro, ainda, que os produtores nipo-brasileiros eram avessos ao risco.This article analyzes the determinants of the dynamic production inputs of the agroforestry systems (SAF and traditional agricultural systems (ST under risk conditions, in small and medium farms in Tome-Açu, Pará, by Brazilian-Japanese producers from 2001 to 2003. The dynamic regression model results showed that all the inputs, except labor and machinery, have positive impacts on the current VBP of the two systems analyzed. Furthermore, the dummy variable shows a minor accumulative difference of the SAF's VBP in comparison with ST's VBP, from one period (year to another. The estimated risk function indicates that the use of fertilizer and pesticides reduce the risk level of the two systems, but the current technology needs to be adequate to other production inputs, since it appears as a factor of increased risk to the two systems. In addition, the dummy variable indicates that the SAF
Use of electron beams for the production of radioactive nuclei through photo-fission; Utilisation de faisceaux d'electrons pour la production des noyaux radioactifs par photo-fission
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
M' garrech, Slah
The IPN (institute of nuclear physics) of Orsay decided to build a linear accelerator in order to produce an electron beam of 50 MeV energy and of 10 {mu}A average intensity. It is the ALTO project (Linear Accelerator near the Tandem of Orsay). This project will be dedicated to the production of the radioactive ions using the photo-fission process. The central topic of this thesis is the study of the beam dynamics of the ALTO facility. The first part presents studies concerning the injector. The simulations made with the simulation code PARMELA allowed the optimization of the characteristics of pre-buncher (dephasing HF, accelerating field peak...) to obtain a good bunching factor at the entrance of the buncher and at the entrance of the accelerating section according to the distance separating the two systems. The second part of this thesis is related to measurements of transverse emittance of the beam at the buncher exit. The three gradients method has been selected and the optical system used is a solenoid. The results obtained are in good agreement with former measurements. Finally a calculation of the beam line was carried out to optimize the transport of the beam to the PARRNe target without degrading its characteristics. The calculation codes that have been used are BETA and TRACE-WIN. (author)
Os Parâmetros curriculares nacionais para o ensino médio e a submissão ao mundo produtivo: o caso do conceito de contextualização The Brazilian curricular parameters for secondary education and the surrender to the productive world: the case of the concept of contextualization
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Alice Casimiro Lopes
Full Text Available Neste artigo, procura-se demonstrar que o processo de produção de um discurso curricular híbrido nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Médio tem por finalidade a inserção social no mundo produtivo. Tal finalidade limita a dimensão cultural da educação. Como exemplo da produção desse discurso híbrido, são analisadas as ambigüidades expressas pelo conceito de contextualização no conhecimento oficial. Essas ambigüidades são entendidas como ressignificando discursos curriculares acadêmicos. Defende-se neste artigo que tais ambigüidades são uma forma de se legitimar os parâmetros junto a diferentes grupos sociais. Tais idéias são desenvolvidas com base nos conceitos de recontextualização (Bernstein e de hibridismo (Canclini.This paper aims at showing that the production of a hybrid curricular discourse in the Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Médio (PCNEM Brazilian Curricular Parameters for Secondary Education seeks a higher insertion into the productive world. Such purpose limits the cultural dimension of education. As an example of production of such a hybrid discourse, this paper analyses the ambiguities emerging from the concept of contextualization, as employed in the PCNEM. Drawing on Bernsteins's recontextualization and Canclini's hybridism, the text assumes such ambiguities both resignify academic curricular discourses and are a way to legitimate the PCNEM among different social groups.
Recherche documentaire par titrage automatique
Lopez , Cédric; Prince , Violaine; Roche , Mathieu
Nous proposons dans cet article un système facilitant la recherche d'information dans un ensemble de documents textuels, basé sur le titrage (et sous-titrage) automatique. Ce dernier peut se révéler crucial, par exemple, dans le cadre de la problématique de l'accessibilité des pages web (norme W3C). Notre processus de titrage automatique consiste à extraire des syntagmes nominaux pertinents dans les textes, pouvant constituer des titres ou sous-titres candidats. Une approche originale combina...
Abdulla , Galal; Mellouk , Hamid; Belghit , Abdelhamid; Allaf , Karim
International audience; Dans cette étude, nous avons évalué les performances d'un nouveau procédé de séchage dans le cas du liège en granulés. Ce procédé (La déshydratation par détentes successives : DDS) consiste à soumettre le matériau liège dans une chambre hermétique aux variations cycliques de la pression. Chaque cycle est composé d'une compression et d'une décompression. La phase de compression est réalisée en injectant de l'air comprimé à température ambiante provenant d'un compresseur...
Provenance of the oil in par-fried French fries after finish frying.
Al-Khusaibi, Mohammed; Gordon, Michael H; Lovegrove, Julie A; Niranjan, Keshavan
Frozen par-fried French fries are finish-fried either by using the same type of oil used for par frying, or a different type. The nutritive quality of the final oil contained in the product depends on the relative amounts and the fatty acid (FA) composition of the oils used for par frying and finish frying. With the aim of understanding the provenance of the oil in the final product, par-fried French fries-either purchased ready or prepared in the laboratory-were finish fried in oils different from the ones used for par frying. The moisture content, oil content, and FA compositions of the par-fried and finish-fried products were experimentally determined, and the relative amounts of each of the oils present in the final product were calculated using the FAs as markers and undertaking a mass balance on each component FA. The results demonstrate that 89% to 93% of the total oil in the final product originates from the finish-frying step. The study also shows that a significant proportion of the oil absorbed during par frying is expelled from the product during finish frying. Further, the expulsion of par-frying oil was found to occur in the early stages of the finish-frying step. Experiments involving different combinations of par-frying and finish-frying oils showed that the relative proportions of the 2 oils did not depend on the individual fatty acid profiles. This study concludes that any positive health benefits of using an oil having a favorable FA profile for par frying, can potentially be lost, if the oil used for finish frying has a less favorable composition. This paper estimates the relative amounts of oil in French fries that have been fried in 2 stages-a par-frying step and a finish-frying step-which is commonly practiced in food service establishments as well as homes. The 2 key conclusions are: (1) nearly 90% of the oil content of the final product is the one used for finish frying; that is, a processor may use very good oil for par frying but if the
Croissance epitaxiale de GaAs sur substrats de Ge par epitaxie par faisceaux chimiques
Belanger, Simon
La situation energetique et les enjeux environnementaux auxquels la societe est confrontee entrainent un interet grandissant pour la production d'electricite a partir de l'energie solaire. Parmi les technologies actuellement disponibles, la filiere du photovoltaique a concentrateur solaire (CPV pour concentrator photovoltaics) possede un rendement superieur et mi potentiel interessant a condition que ses couts de production soient competitifs. La methode d'epitaxie par faisceaux chimiques (CBE pour chemical beam epitaxy) possede plusieurs caracteristiques qui la rendent interessante pour la production a grande echelle de cellules photovoltaiques a jonctions multiples a base de semi-conducteurs III-V. Ce type de cellule possede la meilleure efficacite atteinte a ce jour et est utilise sur les satellites et les systemes photovoltaiques a concentrateur solaire (CPV) les plus efficaces. Une des principales forces de la technique CBE se trouve dans son potentiel d'efficacite d'utilisation des materiaux source qui est superieur a celui de la technique d'epitaxie qui est couramment utilisee pour la production a grande echelle de ces cellules. Ce memoire de maitrise presente les travaux effectues dans le but d'evaluer le potentiel de la technique CBE pour realiser la croissance de couches de GaAs sur des substrats de Ge. Cette croissance constitue la premiere etape de fabrication de nombreux modeles de cellules solaires a haute performance decrites plus haut. La realisation de ce projet a necessite le developpement d'un procede de preparation de surface pour les substrats de germanium, la realisation de nombreuses sceances de croissance epitaxiale et la caracterisation des materiaux obtenus par microscopie optique, microscopie a force atomique (AFM), diffraction des rayons-X a haute resolution (HRXRD), microscopie electronique a transmission (TEM), photoluminescence a basse temperature (LTPL) et spectrometrie de masse des ions secondaires (SIMS). Les experiences ont permis
Heavy mesons production study in the reaction antip + d → 3He+X at an incident energy of 1450 MeV
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Loireleux, E.
Study of heavy meson production in the antip + d → 3 He + X reaction has been performed at the Laboratoire National Saturne synchrotron at 1450 MeV incident energy. The helium 3 particles have been detected by means of the SPES III spectrometer in an angular range between -0.2 0 and 21 0 and for momenta between 600 MeV/c and 1400 MeV/c. In the first part of this work, we give a summary of the different experimental and theoretical results already obtained on the subject during the last twenty years. The second part of this thesis is devoted to the description of the experimental set-up by which this experiment was conducted, that is the spectrometer, the two kinds of wires chambers, the trigger and the read-out electronics associated with each detector. The calibration of the different parts of the detection and the beam characteristics - intensity and polarization - is studied in the third part. There is also a discussion about the data reduction and then the extraction of results obtained with the help of two and three pion phase spaces simulations in the spectrometer. The results are presented in the last part of this work. The differential cross sections and the analyzing powers have been established for the centre of mass angles varying in step of 10 degrees for the mesons π 0 , η and ω. A conclusion which indicates the prospects for a near future closes this thesis [fr
The production of $\\rho$, $\\omega$ and $\\phi$ vector-mesons by protons and sulphur ions with incident momentum of 200 GeV/c per nucleon
Abreu, M C; Baglin, C; Baldit, C; Bedjidian, M; Bordalo, P; Borges, G; Bussière, A; Castor, J; Chaurand, B; Chevrot, I; Cheynis, B; Devaux, A; Drapier, O; Espagnon, B; Fargeix, J; Ferreira, R; Force, P; Gerschel, C; Grossiord, J Y; Guichard, A; Guimarães, J; Haroutunian, R; Jouan, D; Kluberg, L; Lourenço, C; Mourgues, S; Petiau, P; Pizzi, J R; Quintans, C; Ramos, S; Romana, A; Santos, H; Saturnini, P; Shahoyan, R; Sonderegger, P; Tarrago, X
The production of rho omega and phi vector-mesons, detected through their mumu decay channel, is studied in p-W, S-S, S-Cu and S-U reactions at 200 GeV/c per nucleon incident momentum. Their inclusive cross-sections are determined in various transverse momentum intervals and their dependence on the projectile and target mass numbers is investigated. The relative yield B/sub mumu/sigma/sub phi //(B/sub mumu/sigmaas a function of the transverse momentum, p/sub T /, and of the collision centrality. While this ratio exhibits no significant dependence with p/sub T/, it clearly increases with the centrality of the collision. Effective temperatures deduced from the transverse mass spectra, dsigma/dM/sub T/, lead to values of Trho +omega equal or slightly higher than T/sub phi/. Both these effective temperatures smoothly increase from p-W to S-U reactions.
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Full Text Available The research was aimed to determine the type, the distribution and the incidence of banana leaf diseases in several production centers in West Sumatra, Bengkulu, North Sumatra and West Java. Direct observations on banana orchards were conducted in some districts in Simalungun, Deli Serdang and Medan (North Sumatra, Tanah Datar, Limapuluh Kota, Agam, Pariaman and Pasaman (West Sumatra, Rejang Lebong and Kepahyang (Bengkulu, Sukabumi, Purwakarta and Subang (West Java from November to December 2006. Two banana orchards were randomly selected in each district. Plant population at the selected orchard was at least 100 plants. From each sampled orchard, if banana population consisted of similar or only one variety, 10 plants were randomly chosen according to wind direction. Meanwhile, when the banana varieties were varied, five plants were randomly selected. The result showed that Black Sigatoka and Eumusae leaf spot were found in West Sumatra, Bengkulu and North Sumatra at severity level of between 15 % to 62.31%, whilst speckle disease was mainly found in North Sumatra and in parts of West Sumatra at severity level of between 72,72% to 100% and 15 to 30%, respectively. Banana varieties that were primarily attacked by leaf diseases were Cavendish, Telor, Barangan and Emas.
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Hélène Verdier
Full Text Available S'il en était besoin, la question des usages et de la finalité des résultats de l'inventaire général pourrait être abordée par le nombre : nombre d'œuvres répertoriées, de communes inventoriées, de clichés photographiques réalisés, de dossiers, de consultations des notices dans les bases de données… Les additions aujourd'hui sont éloquentes, mais elles laissent dans l'ombre le rôle de l'inventaire qui, en mettant en œuvre une démarche systématique de connaissance, participe à l' identificatio...
Higher plasma soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (sRAGE) levels are associated with incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in type 1 diabetes: a 12-year follow-up study
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Nin, Johanna W M; Jorsal, Anders; Merces Ferreira, Isabel Maria
To investigate the associations of plasma levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in type 1 diabetes and the extent to which any such associations could be explained by endothelial and renal dysfunct...
Par Pond vegetation status Summer 1995 -- Summary
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Mackey, H.E. Jr.; Riley, R.S.
The water level of Par Pond was lowered approximately 20 feet in mid-1991 in order to protect downstream residents from possible dam failure suggested by subsidence on the downstream slope of the dam and to repair the dam. This lowering exposed both emergent and nonemergent macrophyte beds to drying conditions resulting in extensive losses. A survey of the newly emergent, shoreline aquatic plant communities of Par Pond began in June 1995, three months after the refilling of Par Pond to approximately 200 feet above mean sea level. These surveys continued in July, September, and late October, 1995. Communities similar to the pre-drawdown, Par Pond aquatic plant communities are becoming re-established. Emergent beds of maidencane, lotus, waterlily, and watershield are extensive and well developed. Cattail occurrence continued to increase during the summer, but large beds common to Par Pond prior to the drawdown have not formed. Estimates from SPOT HRV, remote sensing satellite data indicated that as much as 120 hectares of emergent wetlands vegetation may have been present along the Par Pond shoreline by early October, 1995. To track the continued development of macrophytes in Par Pond, future surveys throughout 1996 and 1997, along with the continued evaluation of satellite data to map the areal extent of the macrophyte beds of Par Pond, are planned
Caractérisation par ellipsométrie spectroscopique de films minces de tellurure de bismuth obtenus par voie électrochimique
Zimmer, A.; Stein, N.; Boulanger, C.; Johann, L.
Des films de tellurure de bismuth (Bi2Te3) d'épaisseur proche de 1 mm ont été développés par voie électrochimique. Leurs indices optiques ont été déterminés par ellipsométrie spectroscopique (SE). Le domaine spectral des indices optiques s'étend de 400 nm à 1300 nm. L'ellipsométrie spectroscopique à angle d'incidence variable (VASE) a été utilisée pour corréler les données SE. Cette partie a été complétée par des analyses par microscopie à force atomique (AFM) qui ont permis de déterminer la rugosité des films. A partir de ces résultats et en associant l'absorption fondamentale des films de Bi2Te3 à une transition indirecte, l'énergie de bande interdite a été évaluée à 0,3 eV. Par ailleurs des mesures associant ellipsométrie spectroscopique à temps réel et électrochimie ont pu être réalisées. Ainsi les premiers instants de croissance ont été observés.
Influence of Integrated Use of Inorganic fertiliser and Organic manures on Bacterial Wilt Incidence (WI) and Tuber Yield in Potato Production Systems in Southern Slopes of Mt. Kenya
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Mriithi, L.M.
Bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the most damaging of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Kenya and worldwide. In Kenya Potato tuber yield losses due to BW infection are estimated at 50-100%. Low soil fertility is also one of the most important constraints limiting potato production in central Kenya highlands. Farmers tackle this problem through use of inorganic fertilisers and organic manures, both of which amend the soil environment to influence bacterial wilt development. Undecomposed organic manures can also introduce the pathogen into a clean field. Between short rains 1999 and 2000, 10 on-farm researcher/farmer-designed and farmer-managed trials were done at Kianjuki catchment in Embu District. The objective was to use farmers' participatory research approach and select the most suitable organic and inorganic fertiliser combination(s) with lowest BWI and acceptable usable tuber yields. And also demonstrate use of some components of integrated disease management methods in reduction of disease incidence and spread. Seven treatments were proposed, presented to the farmers for discussion and the most relevant four were selected for evaluation . A newly released potato variety 'Asante' was planted during the short-rains 1999 and long rains 2000. BWI didn't;t result in significant differences between treatments but the tuber yields were significantly different in short-rains 1999 and 2000. During short-rains 2000, both BWI and tuber yields and unusable tubers differed significantly between treatments. The results confirmed that use of well-decomposed manures or manures from pathogen-free areas can be used in combination with inorganic fertilisers to improve soil fertility and potato tuber yields in smallholder farm without influencing BWI. Use of certified seed tubers in pathogen free fields and following recommendation field sanitation measures, resulted in apparently bacterial wilt free crop
Regulatory cross-talk in the double par locus of plasmid pB171
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Ringgaard, Simon; Ebersbach, Gitte; Borch, Jonas
The double par locus of Escherichia coli virulence factor pB171 consists of two adjacent and oppositely oriented par loci of different types, called par1 and par2. par1 encodes an actin ATPase (ParM), and par2 encodes an oscillating, MinD-like ATPase (ParA). The par loci share a central cis...
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Beatriz Caballero
Full Text Available El día no le alcanzaba para caminarlo. Conocía cada puente, cada calle,plaza, museo, rincón, iglesia, café, y la mesa con el mejor ángulo para mirar siempre una iglesia, ojalá Saint-Germain-des-Pres, o Notre-Dame. Siempre contaba la impresión que le había causado a Bolívar ver allí cuando el papa coronó a Napoleón. Él se iba para la oficina todos los días, Luis a un taller a pintar, Antonio a estudiar ciencias políticas, yo al colegio y mamá hacía las cosas prácticas. Aprendíamos francés todos al tiempo y por la noche nos contábamos lo nuevo que cada uno había aprendido. Mamá después, cuando ya se quería volver, decía que París nos había maleado a todos. Estaba en pleno furor el cine francés de la "nueva ola", pero ella sólo me llevaba a ver películas de vaqueros pues no se fiaba de la clasificación de los periódicos.
Temperature adaptation in the freshwater snail, Helisoma trivolvis (Say), in an artifically heated reservoir in the southeastern United States. [Effects of thermal effluents from nuclear production reactor at Savannah River Plant on Par Pond
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Wood, D.H.
Snails from a heated zone of Par Pond of the U.S. Savannah River Plant were compared with conspecifics from an unheated area of the same reservoir. The heated area averaged 5/sup 0/C warmer and was thermally more variable than the control area. This situation has existed for about twenty years. Variation in metabolic response to temperature was observed according to season and heated vs unheated area. A laboratory rearing experiment indicated that part of the observed variation was environmentally induced. Life cycle and growth rates were similar in the two collection areas. Three generations were produced annually in both areas and spawning was synchronous except that the summer spawning period was shorter in the heated area. Live weights expressed relative to shell size were also similar, and decreased in both areas during summer. It appears from these results that metabolic compensation for temperature can serve as an indicator of general thermal adaptability, but only if the degree of environmental plasticity is known for the species.
Model parameterization to simulate and compare the PAR absorption potential of two competing plant species.
Bendix, Jörg; Silva, Brenner; Roos, Kristin; Göttlicher, Dietrich Otto; Rollenbeck, Rütger; Nauss, Thomas; Beck, Erwin
irradiance exceeds 615 W m(-2) is mainly due to the nearly orthogonal incidence of the direct solar beam onto the horizontally oriented frond area which implies a high amount of direct PAR absorption during the noon maximum of direct irradiance. Such situations of solar irradiance favoring a higher PAR absorptance of bracken occur in approximately 36% of the observation period (1998-2005). By considering the annual course of PAR irradiance in the San Francisco Valley, the clear advantage of bracken on clear days (36% of all days) is completely compensated by the slight but more frequent advantage of Setaria under overcast conditions (64% of all days). This means that neither bracken nor Setaria show a distinct advantage in PAR absorption capability under the current climatic conditions of the study area.
Effect of replacing marine fish meal with catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) by-product protein hydrolyzate on the growth performance and diarrhoea incidence in weaned piglets.
Thuy, Nguyen Thi; Ha, Nguyen Cong
The present study consists of two experiments. In experiment 1, a total of 120 weaned piglets (Yorkshire × Landrace) (7.3 ± 1.9 kg) were allocated to five treatments, and four replications (pens) with six piglets/pen. In experiment 2, 40 male pigs (23.0 ± 2.2 kg) were allocated to five treatments and eight replications (individual pens). In both experiments, the control diet contained fish meal (FM) as the sole protein supplement (CPH0), while the experimental diets consisted of four different diets in which crude protein (CP) from FM in CPH0 was replaced by the CP from catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) by-product protein hydrolyzate (CPH) at four different levels: 100 % (CPH100), 75 % (CPH75), 50 % (CPH50) and 25 % (CPH25). The results in experiment 1 showed that the highest average daily gain (ADG) over the 5-week period after weaning was recorded for piglets on CPH100 (307 g/day), and the lowest for piglets fed CPH0 (287 g/day) (P < 0.01). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was lower in CPH100 (1.43 kg feed/kg gain) than in CPH0 (1.51 kg feed/kg gain) (P < 0.01). The piglets fed CPH100 were less affected by diarrhoea (6.55 %) than piglets fed the control diet CPH0 (17.3 %) after weaning, and faecal scores were also lower. In experiment 2, ADG was lowest in CPH0, and the cost/gain in pigs fed CPH100 was lowest in both weaning and growing pigs. In conclusion, it is possible to replace up to 100 % of the FM by CPH in diets for weaning and growing pigs, resulting in improved ADG and FCR, lower feed cost/gain as well as reduced diarrhoea incidence and improved faecal score.
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Rwanda Journal Volume 20, Series C, 2011 : Mathematical Sciences, Engineering and Technology. 53. - un tube piézoélectrique assurant le déplacement relatif, dans les trois directions x, y, z de l'espace, de la pointe par rapport à l'échantillon. L'acquisition des données s'effectue par asservissement de la position de la.
Avaliação da sustentabilidade agroambiental de unidades produtivas agroflorestais em várzeas flúvio marinhas de Cametá - Pará Agro-environmental sustainability evaluation of productive agroforestry units in tidal river floodplains Cametá Pará
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Raimundo Nonato da Silveira Ribeiro
Full Text Available O objetivo do trabalho é avaliar o potencial de sustentabilidade agroambiental de unidades produtivas agroflorestais ribeirinhas. A metodologia empregou técnicas de inventário florestal, coleta e análise laboratorial de solo, questionários, observações de campo e orçamentos unitários. As variáveis-indicadores são relativas ao clima, ao solo, a estrutura fitossociológica, ao potencial produtivo da agrofloresta e a geração de renda. Os resultados revelaram que o clima e o solo não são fatores limitantes. Cerca de 27 % da composição florística são espécies comerciais e somam mais de 92 % da população total com baixo potencial para a extração de madeiras e uma diversidade de produtos não-madeireiros. A renda bruta estimada atingiu valores de R$ 2.000,00/ha/ano. O potencial de sustentabilidade agroambiental das unidades produtivas é mediano, obtido pela avaliação das variáveis-indicadores por meio de um sistema de pontuação e inserção em um nível de sustentabilidade previamente proposto.The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the agro-environmental sustainability potential of productive agroforestry units in tidal river floodplains. The methodology employed forest inventory techniques, soil collection and laboratory analysis, questionnaires, field observations and budget sheets. The indicator variables are relative to climate, soils, sociological plant structure, agroforestry's productive potential and the generation of income. Results revealed that climate and soil are not limiting factors. Approximately 27% of the floristic composition is commercial species, making up over 92% of the total tree population having low timber extraction potential and a diversity of non-timber products. Estimated gross income reached sums of R$2,000.00/ha/year. The agro-environmental sustainability potential of the productive units is median and was measured by evaluating the indicator variables on a point system and placed within a
Influência de variáveis meteorológicas na produção de liteira na Estação Científica Ferreira Penna, Caxiuanã, Pará Influence of meteorological variables in the litterfall production in the Ferreira Penna Scientific Station, Caxiuanã, Pará, Brazil
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Rosecélia Moreira da Silva
Full Text Available A avaliação da influência da exclusão da precipitação sobre a variação na produção de liteira foi realizada na Reserva Florestal de Caxiuanã - Estação Científica Ferreira Penna (1º 42' S, 51º 31' W durante o período de março de 2001 a fevereiro de 2003, com o objetivo de identificar as principais variáveis meteorológicas e do balanço hídrico mensal que afetaram a produção e decomposição de liteira. Este trabalho foi parte do subprojeto EXPERIMENTO DE SECA NA FLORESTA (ESECAFLOR, que tinha o objetivo de estudar o impacto de seca prolongada na floresta nos fluxos de água, energia e dióxido de carbono na floresta amazônica. A sazonalidade na produção de liteira e de seus componentes (folhas, gravetos e partes reprodutivas foi bem estabelecida, com a ocorrência da maior produção de liteira nos meses com menor precipitação. A produção total mensal de liteira variou durante o período experimental, de 294,78 kg.ha-1 a 1758,69 kg.ha-1, com um valor médio de 777,70 kg.ha-1. A produção total de liteira foi distribuída em folhas (61,40 %, gravetos (18,45 % e partes reprodutivas (20,14 %. Os resultados obtidos na parcela sob condições naturais apresentaram uma maior produção de liteira, aproximadamente 25 %, comparada com a produção de liteira na parcela submetida à exclusão da água de chuva. As variáveis mais fortemente correlacionadas com a produção de liteira e suas componentes foram a velocidade do vento, a densidade de fluxo de radiação solar global, a densidade de fluxo de radiação fotossintéticamente ativa, a temperatura do solo a 5 cm de profundidade, a precipitação, o déficit hídrico e o excesso hídrico.The evaluation of the influence on the exclusion of rainfall on the variation of litter production was done in Caxiuanã Forest Reserve at Ferreira Penna Scientific Station (1º 42 ' S, 51º 31 ' W during the period from March, 2001 to February, 2003 with the objective of identifying
Production en photobioréacteurs et caractérisation structurale d'un exopolysaccharide produit par une microalgue rouge, Rhodella violacea : application à l'obtention d'actifs antiparasitaires
Villay, Aurore
Red microalgae from Rhodella violacea species product a soluble exopolysaccharide release in the media. In this study, optimal culture conditions for exopolysaccharide production were investigated, following photosynthesis activity and culture conditions. This study allowed us to determinate R. violacea optimal media for growth and exopolysaccharide production, which is f/2 media supplemented in nitrogen and phosphorus. Optimal physicochemical parameters are an irradiance of 420 μmol photons....
C9.A/14 steelwork joints de poutres par plaque frontale : assemblages par gousset
Les Tables de résistances ultimes des assemblages boulonnés par plaque frontale et par gousset, complétées par une description des modèles de calcul et des exemples d'application, ont pour but de faciliter la tâche de l'ingénieur et du constructeur. Cette première partie C9.A/14 contient les chapitres suivants: - Joints de poutres par plaque frontale en acier S235 et S355 - Assemblages par gousset en acier S235 et S355 Les Tables contiennent des données relatives à la géométrie ainsi que les valeurs de calcul correspondantes des résistances ultimes des assemblages ; elles remplacent le chapitre « Assemblages par plaques frontales et boulons HR » des anciennes Tables C9.1 de 1983 / 2002. Le calcul de ces assemblages par plaque frontale est basé sur les hypothèses du modèle de la méthode des composants décrite dans la norme SN EN 1993-1-8. Les vérifications sont effectuées selon la norme SIA 263:2013. Les assemblages par gousset remplacent les assemblages par double cornière, (telle...
Estimação de parâmetros genéticos para produção de leite de vacas da raça Holandesa via regressão aleatória Estimation of genetic parameters for Holstein cows milk production by random regression
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C.K.P. Dorneles
Full Text Available Foram utilizados 21.702 registros de produção de leite no dia do controle de 2.429 vacas primíparas da raça Holandesa, filhas de 233 touros, coletados em 33 rebanhos do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, para estimar parâmetros genéticos para produção de leite no dia do controle. O modelo de regressão aleatória ajustado aos controles leiteiros entre o sexto e o 305º dia de lactação incluiu o efeito de rebanho-ano-mês do controle, idade da vaca no parto e os parâmetros do polinômio de Legendre de ordem quatro, para modelar a curva média da produção de leite da população e parâmetros do mesmo polinômio, para modelar os efeitos aleatórios genético-aditivo e de ambiente permanente. As variâncias genéticas e de ambiente permanente para produção de leite no dia do controle variaram, respectivamente, de 2,38 a 3,14 e de 7,55 a 10,35. As estimativas de herdabilidade aumentaram gradativamente do início (0,14 para o final do período de lactação (0,20, indicando ser uma característica de moderada herdabilidade. As correlações genéticas entre as produções de leite de diferentes estágios leiteiros variaram de 0,33 a 0,99 e foram maiores entre os controles adjacentes. As correlações de ambiente permanente seguiram a mesma tendência das correlações genéticas. O modelo de regressão aleatória com polinômio de Legendre de ordem quatro pode ser considerado como uma boa ferramenta para estimação de parâmetros genéticos para a produção de leite ao longo da lactação.A total of 21,702 records of milk production from 2,429 first-lactation Holstein cows, sired by 233 bulls, collected in 33 herds in the State of Rio Grande do Sul from 1991 to 2003, were used to estimate genetic parameters for that characteristic. The random regression model adjusted to test day from the 6th and the 305th lactation day included the effect of herd-year-month of the test day, the age of the cow at parturition, and the order fourth Legendre
Estimativa da produção anual de serapilheira dos bosques de mangue no Furo Grande, Bragança-Pará Estimates of the annual litter production in mangrove stands in Furo Grande, Bragança-Pará
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Marcus Emanuel Barroncas Fernandes
Full Text Available As condições ambientais de determinado local podem influenciar a produtividade dos manguezais. Assim, este estudo estimou a produção total e dos componentes da serapilheira no Furo Grande, Bragança, PA. Este estudo compreendeu quatro ciclos anuais (julho/2000 a agosto/2004 em três sítios. Foram instaladas sete cestas em cada sítio ao longo de uma transecção de 140 m, com intervalos de 20 m. Cada cesta possuía uma área útil de 1 m², com tela de 1 mm², suspensa acima do nível das marés de sizígia. O material acumulado nas cestas foi coletado mensalmente, separado em folha, flor, fruto, estípula, galho e miscelânea, sendo posteriormente secado a 70 ºC até alcançar peso constante. A produção média dos quatro anos foi de 9,85 t.ha-1.ano-1 no sítio 1, 6,41 t.ha-1.ano-1 no sítio 2 e 5,99 t.ha-1.ano-1 no sítio 3, cuja comparação apresenta diferença significativa entre os sítios 1 e 3 (H=7,53; gl=2; pIt is well known that environmental conditions of a determined place can influence the productivity of mangroves. So, the present study estimated the total and components litter production in Furo Grande, Bragança-PA. This study comprised four annual cycles (July/2000 to August/2004 at three sites. Seven traps were placed at each site along a 140 m transect, with 20 m intervals. Each trap had a useful area of 1 m², with 1 mm² mesh, suspended above the spring tide level. Accumulated material in the traps was collected on a monthly basis, sorted manually into leaves, flowers, fruits, stipules, twigs, and miscellaneous and then oven-dried to constant weight at 70ºC. The mean production of four years was 9.85 t.ha-1.year-1 at site 1, 6.41 t.ha-1. year-1 at site 2, and 5.99 t.ha-1. year-1 at site 3, with significant difference between sites 1 and 3 (H=7.53; df=2; p<0.05. Overall, the results showed that leaf was the most productive component, and together with flower, had peak in the dry season, which seems to favor energy
Farmers' information on sweet potato production and millipede infestation in north-eastern Uganda. II. Pest incidence and indigenous control strategies
Ebregt, E.; Struik, P.C.; Abidin, P.E.; Odongo, B.
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lamk) is an important staple food for the people of north-eastern Uganda. Crop yields per unit area are low partly because of biological constraints, including pests like millipedes. The objective of this study was to generate information on pest incidence and
Incident users of antipsychotics
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Baandrup, Lone; Kruse, Marie
PURPOSE: In Denmark, as well as in many other countries, consumption of antipsychotics is on the rise, partly due to increasing off-label use. The aim of this study was to analyze and quantify the extent of off-label use and polypharmacy in incident users of antipsychotic medication, and to examine...... initial antipsychotic prescribing patterns and associated use of mental health care services. METHOD: Population-based cohort study linking the following Danish national registers: the Central Psychiatric Research Register, the Register of Medicinal Product Statistics, and Statistics Denmark. RESULTS...
Contaminated Mexican steel incident
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
This report documents the circumstances contributing to the inadvertent melting of cobalt 60 (Co-60) contaminated scrap metal in two Mexican steel foundries and the subsequent distribution of contaminated steel products into the United States. The report addresses mainly those actions taken by US Federal and state agencies to protect the US population from radiation risks associated with the incident. Mexico had much more serious radiation exposure and contamination problems to manage. The United States Government maintained a standing offer to provide technical and medical assistance to the Mexican Government. The report covers the tracing of the source to its origin, response actions to recover radioactive steel in the United States, and return of the contaminated materials to Mexico. The incident resulted in significant radiation exposures within Mexico, but no known significant exposure within the United States. Response to the incident required the combined efforts of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), Department of Energy, Department of Transportation, Department of State, and US Customs Service (Department of Treasury) personnel at the Federal level and representatives of all 50 State Radiation Control Programs and, in some instances, local and county government personnel. The response also required a diplomatic interface with the Mexican Government and cooperation of numerous commercial establishments and members of the general public. The report describes the factual information associated with the event and may serve as information for subsequent recommendations and actions by the NRC. 8 figures
Effect of Calcium Borogluconate Injection pre and Immediately Postpartum on Production Performance, Incidence of Metabolic Disorders and Situation of the Uterus After Calving in Cows Fed Anionic Diets
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H. Amanlou
Full Text Available The objective of this study was to determine the effect of calcium borogluconate injection 48 and 24 hours prepartum and immediately after parturition on dry matter intake at day of calving, milk yield, incidence of metabolic disorders and uterine conditions during the first 21 days postpartum in cows fed anionic diets. Thirty six lactating dairy cows were balanced by parity (1, 2, 3+ and allocated to 4 subcutaneous injection treatments of 15.2 gr calcium as borogluconate at different times pre and postpartum than expected calving date . Group 1 consisted of 9 cows receiving no treatment before or after parturition. Group 2 consisted of 9 cows receiving calcium borogluconate 48 h prepartum.Group 3 consisted of 9 cows receiving calcium borogluconate 24 h prepartum. Group 4 consisted of 9 cows receiving 15.2 gr of ca as borogluconate immediately postpartum. Dry matter intake was in treatments 1, 2, 3 and 4 was 10.87, 12.32, 12.63 and 15.03 kg in the first 24 h after calving, respectively And indicated significantly difference among treatments. milk yield in 2, 3 and 4 treatments was significantly greater than group 1 in the first 21 days of lactation (38.7, 38.9, 40.3 vs 36.07 kg/d. Treatment had a significant effect on the subclinical hypocalcemia incidence so incidence risk of subclinical hypocalcemia in 1 treatment was 10 times more likely than 4 treatment. Data regression analysis indicated that 4 treatment had a significant effect on the ketosis incidence. So that the cows no calcium injection 2.43 times more likely to experience ketosis than 4 treatment. But experimental treatments were not significantly effect on the incidence of milk fever, displacement abomasum, retained placenta, metritis and endometritis. In general, calcium injection, especially immediately after parturation increased the dry matter intake in day of calving and reduced metabolic disorders such as hypocalcaemia and ketosis.
The amount and type of dairy product intake and incident type 2 diabetes: results from the EPIC-InterAct Study
Sluijs, van der I.; Forouhi, N.G.; Beulens, J.W.; Schouw, van der Y.T.; Feskens, E.J.M.
Background: Dairy product intake may be inversely associated with risk of type 2 diabetes, but the evidence is inconclusive for total dairy products and sparse for types of dairy products. Objective: The objective was to investigate the prospective association of total dairy products and different
Produção Microbiana e Parâmetros Ruminais de Novilhos Alimentados com Dietas Contendo Vários Níveis de Concentrado Microbial Production and Ruminal Parameters in Bullos Fed Diets Containing Different Concentrate Levels
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Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
Full Text Available Objetivou-se estudar a eficiência de síntese microbiana e parâmetros ruminais em bovinos. Foram utilizados cinco bovinos da raça Nelore, não-castrados, com 165 kg, fistulados no rúmen, abomaso e íleo. O delineamento foi em blocos casualizados com cinco períodos de coleta e quatro tratamentos. Os tratamentos consistiram de quatro níveis de concentrado na dieta (20, 40, 60 e 80%. O volumoso utilizado foi feno de capim-Tifton 85 (Cynodon dactylon (L. Pers.. As dietas foram isonitrogenadas com 15% de proteína bruta. O indicador microbiano utilizado foi as bases purinas. As análises estatísticas do pH ruminal e das concentrações de N-NH3 foram realizadas em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, tendo na parcela os tratamentos e na subparcela o tempo de coleta. As médias para compostos nitrogenados totais presentes no abomaso e N microbiano foram 68,58 e 60,75 g/dia, respectivamente. A quantidade de carboidratos totais degradados no rúmen (CHODR foi 1,37 kg/dia. Foi observado para a eficiência microbiana valor de 392,4 g MS microbiana/kg CHODR. A composição de bactérias e a eficiência de síntese microbiana não foram influenciadas pelo nível de concentrado das dietas.It was aimed to study the efficiency of microbial synthesis and ruminal parameters in bovine. It were used five 165 kg growing no-castrated Nellore bulls, rumen, abomasum and ileum fistulated.A randomized blocks design with four treatments and five collection periods was used. The treatments consisted of four concentrate levels (20, 40, 60 and 80%. The roughage used was Tifton 85' (Cynodon dactylon (L. Pers. Bermudagrass hay. The diets were isonitrogen with 15% of crude protein. The microbial marker used was purine basis. The averages for total compound nitrogen in the abomasum and microbial nitrogen were 68.58 and 60.75 g/day, respectively. The amount total rumen carbohydrates degraded (CHODR was 1.37 kg/day. It was observed for microbial efficiency 392.4 g DM
CALiPER Report 20.3: Robustness of LED PAR38 Lamps
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
A small sample of each of the CALiPER Application Summary Report 20 PAR38 lamp types underwent stress testing that included substantial temperature and humidity changes, electrical variation, and vibration. The results do not directly address expected lifetime, but can be compared with one another, as well as with benchmark conventional products, to assess the relative robustness of the product designs.
Protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) is upregulated by Acanthamoeba plasminogen activator (aPA) and induces proinflammatory cytokine in human corneal epithelial cells.
Tripathi, Trivendra; Abdi, Mahshid; Alizadeh, Hassan
Acanthamoeba plasminogen activator (aPA) is a serine protease elaborated by Acanthamoeba trophozoites that facilitates the invasion of trophozoites to the host and contributes to the pathogenesis of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). The aim of this study was to explore if aPA stimulates proinflammatory cytokine in human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells via the protease-activated receptors (PARs) pathway. Acanthamoeba castellanii trophozoites were grown in peptone-yeast extract glucose for 7 days, and the supernatants were collected and centrifuged. The aPA was purified using the fast protein liquid chromatography system, and aPA activity was determined by zymography assays. Human corneal epithelial cells were incubated with or without aPA (100 μg/mL), PAR1 agonists (thrombin, 10 μM; TRAP-6, 10 μM), and PAR2 agonists (SLIGRL-NH2, 100 μM; AC 55541, 10 μM) for 24 and 48 hours. Inhibition of PAR1 and PAR2 involved preincubating the HCE cells for 1 hour with the antagonist of PAR1 (SCH 79797, 60 μM) and PAR2 (FSLLRY-NH2, 100 μM) with or without aPA. Human corneal epithelial cells also were preincubated with PAR1 and PAR2 antagonists and then incubated with or without PAR1 agonists (thrombin and TRAP-6) and PAR2 agonists (SLIGRL-NH2 and AC 55541). Expression of PAR1 and PAR2 was examined by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), flow cytometry, and immunocytochemistry. Interleukin-8 expression was quantified by qRT-PCR and ELISA. Human corneal epithelial cells constitutively expressed PAR1 and PAR2 mRNA. Acanthamoeba plasminogen activator and PAR2 agonists significantly upregulated PAR2 mRNA expression (1- and 2-fold, respectively) (P aPA, and PAR2 agonists induced PAR2 mRNA expression in HCE cells (P aPA, significantly upregulated PAR1 mRNA expression, which was significantly inhibited by PAR1 antagonist in HCE cells. Acanthamoeba plasminogen activator and PAR2 agonists stimulated IL-8 mRNA expression and protein production, which is significantly diminished by PAR2 antagonist
Protease-activated receptor (PAR)-2 is required for PAR-1 signalling in pulmonary fibrosis
Lin, Cong; von der Thüsen, Jan; Daalhuisen, Joost; ten Brink, Marieke; Crestani, Bruno; van der Poll, Tom; Borensztajn, Keren; Spek, C. Arnold
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is the most devastating diffuse fibrosing lung disease of unknown aetiology. Compelling evidence suggests that both protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1 and PAR-2 participate in the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Previous studies have shown that bleomycin-induced
Administração de somatotropina bovina no período pré-parto sobre parâmetros produtivos, sanitários e reprodutivos da primeira lactação de vacas holandesas Bovine somatotropin administration during pre-delivery period to productive, sanitary and reproductive parameters of holstein cows' first lactation
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Laerte Dagher Cassoli
Full Text Available Para avaliar a administração de somatotropina bovina (bST no período pré-parto, sobre o desempenho na primeira lactação, foram utilizadas 18 novilhas gestantes, de modo que 9 receberam injeções subcutâneas de 500mg de bST nos dias 21 e 9 antes da data prevista para o parto. Os animais foram alimentados com dieta total, 2 vezes ao dia, e os dados coletados foram relativos a parâmetros sanitários, produtivos e reprodutivos na primeira lactação. A administração de bST não afetou os parâmetros sanitários (retenção de placenta, metrite, deslocamento de abomaso, febre do leite e cetose e reprodutivo (cisto folicular. Entretanto, o uso de bST no pré-parto levou à variação de escore de condição corporal (ECC 65% maior, adiantou o pico de produção de leite em 9,7 dias e diminuiu os dias em lactação em 21,8 dias em relação ao controle (P The effects of pre-delivery administration of bovine somatotropin (bST on first lactation performance were evaluated in this study, which involved eighteen Holstein pregnant heifers. Nine animals were supplemented with subcutaneous injections of 500 mg of bST, on days 21 and 9 prior expected delivery, and 9 were not supplemented (control group. Animals were fed total mixed ration, twice daily. Data evaluated in this experiment were related to sanitary, reproductive and productive parameters during first lactation. Administration of bST did not affect parameters related to sanity (retained placenta, metritis, displacement abomasum, milk fever, ketosis, reproduction (follicular cysts. However, heifers supplemented with bST showed changes of body condition score 65% greater, anticipated milk production peak in 9.7 days and decreased number of days in lactation in 21,8 days, compared to the non-supplemented ones (p < 0.05. Milk production peak and milk production corrected for 305 days were not affected by bST administration.
Parálisis criptogénica del III par craneal
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Albia Josefina Pozo Alonso
Full Text Available La parálisis aislada del tercer par craneal no es frecuente en los niños. Entre las causas que la originan se encuentran las congénitas, traumáticas, infecciosas, tumorales, vasculares, tóxicas y desmielinizantes. Se presenta un paciente de 3 años de edad con el diagnóstico de una oftalmoplejía aguda dolorosa del tercer par craneal, cuya etiología no se pudo demostrar. El cuadro clínico desapareció de forma espontánea y no ha presentado recurrencias después de 3 años de seguimiento. Se concluye que ante un paciente con parálisis del tercer par craneal es necesario realizar una exhaustiva evaluación con el propósito de precisar las diversas causas que la provocan.
Plant-derived SAC domain of PAR-4 (Prostate Apoptosis Response 4 exhibits growth inhibitory effects in prostate cancer cells
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Shayan eSarkar
Full Text Available The gene Par-4 (Prostate Apoptosis Response 4 was originally identified in prostate cancer cells undergoing apoptosis and its product Par-4 showed cancer specific pro-apoptotic activity. Particularly, the SAC domain of Par-4 (SAC-Par-4 selectively kills cancer cells leaving normal cells unaffected. The therapeutic significance of bioactive SAC-Par-4 is enormous in cancer biology; however, its large scale production is still a matter of concern. Here we report the production of SAC-Par-4-GFP fusion protein coupled to translational enhancer sequence (5′ AMV and apoplast signal peptide (aTP in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun NN plants under the control of a unique recombinant promoter M24. Transgene integration was confirmed by genomic DNA PCR, Southern and Northern blotting, Real-time PCR and Nuclear run-on assays. Results of Western blot analysis and ELISA confirmed expression of recombinant SAC-Par-4-GFP protein and it was as high as 0.15% of total soluble protein. In addition, we found that targeting of plant recombinant SAC-Par-4-GFP to the apoplast and endoplasmic reticulum (ER was essential for the stability of plant recombinant protein in comparison to the bacterial derived SAC-Par-4. Deglycosylation analysis demonstrated that ER-targeted SAC-Par-4-GFP-SEKDEL undergoes O-linked glycosylation unlike apoplast-targeted SAC-Par-4-GFP. Furthermore, various in vitro studies like mammalian cells proliferation assay (MTT, apoptosis induction assays, and NF-κB suppression suggested the cytotoxic and apoptotic properties of plant-derived SAC-Par-4-GFP against multiple prostate cancer cell lines. Additionally, pre-treatment of MAT-LyLu prostate cancer cells with purified SAC-Par-4-GFP significantly delayed the onset of tumor in a syngeneic rat prostate cancer model. Taken altogether, we proclaim that plant made SAC-Par-4 may become a useful alternate therapy for effectively alleviating cancer in the new era.
Predicting spectral and PAR light attenuation in Greenlandic coastal waters
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Murray, Ciarán; Markager, Stiig; Stedmon, Colin
The spectral quality and penetration of light are key parameters controlling the productivity of Greenlandic fjords. Solar elevation and sea ice play an important role, but during the increasing ice free period and summer months in particular, light is also regulated by water constituents. We...... (CDOM), phytoplankton pigments and inorganic particles. These differences are due in part to hydrography and to the sources of meltwater: respectively, fjord-terminating and land-terminating glaciers. We present a model to explain the variation in spectral and PAR irradiance in terms of the variation...
Incidence and etiology of lumbar spondylolysis: review of the literature.
Sakai, Toshinori; Sairyo, Koichi; Suzue, Naoto; Kosaka, Hirofumi; Yasui, Natsuo
Lumbar spondylolysis is a defect of the pars interarticularis known to occur as a stress fracture. Its incidence varies considerably depending on ethnicity, sex, and sports activity. However, there are few literature reviews describing its incidence in different ethnic groups or in people who engage in different sports. We reviewed the most relevant articles on spondylolysis published in scientific journals. First, we focused on its incidence in various ethnic groups distributed by sex, the familial occurrence, and in patients with relevant diseases. Second, we focused on the incidence of spondylolysis in relation to the sports practiced by the patients. Although placing special emphasis on the incidence of lumbar spondylolysis in the general population in Japan, we also reviewed the Japanese and English literature to investigate its incidence among those who engage in different sports. The incidence of lumbar spondylolysis in the general Japanese population was 5.9%. Most studies report that the incidence in higher in male subjects than in female subjects. We found that Japanese rugby and judo players were prone to suffer lumbar spondylolysis, at an incidence of about 20%. However, the incidence for Japanese professional soccer and baseball players was much higher, at 30%, which was more than five times the incidence in the general Japanese population. The incidence of lumbar spondylolysis varies depending on ethnicity, sex, family history, relevant disease, and sports activity.
Modeling of coupled heat and solute transfers during the freezing by immersion of food products; Modelisation des transferts couples de chaleur et de solute lors de la congelation par immersion de produits alimentaires
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Lucas, T. [Cemagref, Unite de Recherche Technologie des Equipements Agro-alimentaires, 35 - Rennes (France); Chourot, J.M.; Favier, C. [Cemagref, Unite de Recherche Genie des Procedes Frigorifiques, 92 - Antony (France); Flick, D. [Cemaref-ENSIA-INAPG-INRA, INA-PG, UMR Genie Industriel Alimentaire, 75 - Paris (France)
This work gives a better understanding and a better control of the mechanisms involved in the coupled heat and mass transfers that take place simultaneously inside a (food) product in contact with a refrigerating aqueous solution (of brine type). Two models of heat and mass transfers inside porous materials have been developed. One has been solved numerically and the other analytically. Despite different levels of simplification of the phenomena, the simulations provided by these two models show similar mechanisms, like the rather fast progression of a freezing front and simultaneously the rather slow progression of a front of solute impregnation which leads to the surface unfreezing of the product. (J.S.)
Evaluation des performances de la production de graines par tamisage manuel du sol chez trois variétés de Stylosanthes guianensis (Aublet Swartz, dans les conditions du Plateau des Batéké (RDC
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Bulakali, BP.
Full Text Available Performance Assessment of the Production of Seeds by Manual Sieving of the Soil of Three Varieties of Stylosanthes guianensis (Aublet Swartz under the Conditions of the Batéké Plateau (DRC. In manual agriculture with low resources level, Stylosanthes guianensis is one of the most interesting cover crop for developing direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems. To promote its cultivation in the DRC, the performances of a seed production method by sieving of the soil were evaluated for three varieties of Stylo (a local ecotype, CIAT 184 variety, and 202cc variety in two sites of the Batéké plateau characterized by contrasted fertility levels. The results obtained demonstrate the interest of the seed multiplication method tested, both in quantities and quality of the produced seeds. The production cost of one kg of seeds varies with the soil fertility, the planting date, and the cultivar. Among the three compared varieties, CIAT 184 variety produced the highest quantity of seeds. If sown at the beginning of the long rainy season, after a long fallow, in one of the most fertile soils of the plateau, this cultivar can produce 600 kg ha-1 seed in the first year of cultivation with a production cost of USD 1.31 kg-1, equivalent to less than 0.5 man.day.kg-1.
Dresses problems arising from hot-plant operation and their solution (1961); Les problemes vestimentaires poses par l'exploitation des installations actives et leurs solutions (1961)
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rodier, J.; Bouzigues, H.; Boutot, P. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Centre de Production de Plutonium, Marcoule (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires
This article deals with effective methods to struggle radioactive contamination using rationally designed working clothes. The choice of the cloth is important and cotton, because of its absorbent properties constitutes an effective barrier to radioelements failing on its surface. Clothing the personnel of large nuclear industrial concerns is a big problem which can only be solved by carefully studied methods. The decontamination and washing of large amounts of clothes whose flow increases during periods of radio-active incidents have to be treated as are those operations in hospital laundering. Linen washing by the German counter-current method (the Sulzman system) is of great value because of the volume which can be treated and, more important, because of the small amount of liquid waste produced. Dry cleaning is certainly a method of the future and is even more economic than the preceding one. In 'active' laundries, the control of clothing for residual contamination can constitute a serious bottleneck in the production of clean clothing if automatic high-speed machines are not used. The risk to the operating personnel comes solely from contamination of the atmosphere and of the surfaces. Because of this, the plant must be considered as an active zone in which are handled several tens of millicuries of dangerous emitters and several micro- curies of plutonium daily. (authors) [French] Ce memoire traite des moyens efficaces de lutte contre la contamination radioactive que peuvent offrir des vetements de travail de conception rationnelle. Le choix du tissu est un element important et la fibre de coton, par ses proprietes absorbantes, constitue un excellent barrage aux radioelements deposes a sa surface. L'habillement du personnel des grands ensembles industriels de l'energie atomique est un gros probleme qui ne peut etre solutionne qu'avec des moyens soigneusement etudies. La decontamination et le lavage des grandes quantites de vetements
Observation of φφ production in the reaction overlinepp → 4K ± at 1.4 GeV / c incident overlinep momentum
Bertolotto, L.; Buzzo, A.; Debevec, P. T.; Drijard, D.; Easo, S.; Eisenstein, R. A.; Eyrich, W.; Fearnley, T.; Fischer, H.; Franz, J.; Geyer, R.; Hamann, N. H.; Harris, P. G.; Hertzog, D. W.; Gughes, S. A.; Johansson, A.; Johansson, T.; Jones, R. T.; Kilian, K.; Kirsebom, K.; Klett, A.; Korsmo, H.; Lo Vetere, M.; Macri, M.; Marinelli, M.; Moosburger, M.; Mouëllic, B.; Oelert, W.; Ohlsson, S.; Palano, A.; Passaggio, S.; Perreau, J.-M.; Pia, M. G.; Pomp, S.; Price, M.; Reimer, P. E.; Ritter, J.; Robutti, E.; Röhrich, K.; Rook, M.; Rössle, E.; Santroni, A.; Schmitt, H.; Sefzick, T.; Steinkamp, O.; Stinzing, F.; Stugu, B.; Tayloe, R.; Tscheulin, M.; Urban, H. J.; Wirth, H.; Zipse, H.; Jetset Collaboration
The JETSET (PS202) experiment at CERN-LEAR searches for hadronic resonances by means of in-flight antiproton-proton annihilations in the reaction overlinepp → φφ . In order to obtain sufficient luminosity and good final-state mass resolution, this experiment uses an internal hydrogen-cluster jet target intersecting the LEAR antiproton beam. We report on the study of the reaction overlinepp → 4K ± at 1.4 GeV / c incident p¯ momentum, and we present the first experimental observation of a stro φφ signal in this reaction.
Production of muon pairs in the continuum region by 39.5 GeV/c π+-, K+-, p and anti p beams incident on a copper target
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Corden, M.J.; Dowell, J.D.; Eastwood, D.; Garvey, J.; Homer, R.J.; Jobes, M.; Kenyon, I.R.; McMahon, T.J.; Vallance, R.J.; Watkins, P.M.; Wilson, J.A.; Gago, J.; Jung, M.; Sonderegger, P.; Treille, D.; Woodworth, P.L.; Eckardt, V.; Fent, J.; Pretzl, K.; Seyboth, P.; Seyerlein, J.; Perrin, D.; Sumorok, K.C.T.O.
General features of the inclusive hadroproduction of muon pairs of mass greater than 1.5 GeV/c 2 are shown. For incident π - , the data extend up to M = 5.7 GeV/c 2 (i.e. M 2 /s approximately 0.4). The scaling cross section M 3 dsigma/dM for π - N reaction is much flatter than that for pN reactions and exceeds the latter by two to three orders of magnitude at large M 2 /s. (Auth.)
La production de nitrites lors de la dénitrification des eaux usées par biofiltration - Stratégie de contrôle et de réduction des concentrations résiduelles
Rocher , Vincent; Join , Cédric; Mottelet , Stéphane; Bernier , Jean; Rechdaoui-Guérin , Sabrina; Azimi , Sam; Lessard , Paul; Pauss , André; Fliess , Michel
International audience; The recent popularity of post-denitrification processes in the greater Paris area wastewater treatmentplants has caused a resurgence of the presence of nitrite in the Seine River. Controlling the productionof nitrite during the post-denitrification process has thus become a major technical issue. Researchstudies have been led in the MOCOPEE program (www.mocopee.com) to better understand theunderlying mechanisms behind the production of nitrite during wastewater denitri...
Production de vapeur d'uranium par pulverisation cathodique dans une cathode creuse: efficacites relatives des gaz Ne, Ar, Kr et concentration a l'etat 5L06
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Gagne, J.M.; Mongeau, B.; Leblanc, B.; Saint-Dizier, J.P.; Pianarosa, P.; Bertrand, L.
We have investigate the production of uranium vapors in the 5 L 0 6 ground state using a sputtering technique. We have also compared the performance of the Ne, Ar, Kr gases as carrier agents. We have found that the krypton gas gives a maximum yield with minimum energy. Finally the density of U vapors has been found to be of the order of 10 12 atmos cm -3
Production d'acide phosphorique par attaque chlorhydrique de minerais phosphatés avec réduction des nuisances environnementales et récupération des terres rares en tant que sous-produits
Pereira, Fernando
232 pages; The sulphuric acid route for phosphate rock (intended to the industry of fertilizers) presents many inconveniences : impossibility of recuperation of high commercial value's by-products such the rare earths, existence of strong restrictions conditioned by the protective environment's laws, 250 millions of tons of impure and radioactive phosphogypsum annually produced, environmental problems bound to the phosphogypsum storage (pollution of the grounds waters, of the rivers, ). This ...
The organization of the automotive industry in an international context: a cost functions frontiers approach; L'organisation de la production automobile dans un contexte international: une approche par les fonctions frontieres de cout
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Pompeigne, J
The international automotive industry is under pinned by a dual recurrent movement of concentration and internationalization of the production. Its recent scale was the consequence of a set of strategies developed by the major auto-makers to cope with two exogenous phenomenon affecting the automotive industry. On one hand, we are talking about the saturation of the traditional automotive markets (North America, Western Europe and Japan). On the other hand, the increasing severity of the major regulations concerning the industry, notably the ones about environmental protection, is involved. The first part of the dissertation is first devoted to underline these two exogenous phenomenon, then the major strategies adopted by the auto-makers to face them are defined. Finally, the analysis turns on the resulting increase of the concentration and of the internationalization of the production. We focus on this last point and on the problem of international location of industrial activities faced by the auto-makers because of it. The second part is about providing an empirical framework to help solving these problems through parametric stochastic cost production frontiers and cost-efficiency levels. For this purpose, the analytical foundations of both of these notions are introduced, then several empirical estimation methods of a cost frontier are exposed. Finally, these methods are used to treat two real examples illustrating some of the problems about the international location of the productive activities of a major auto-maker. The point for him is to choose the most favorable configuration of its industrial system, by comparing the competing solutions through their respective cost-efficiency levels. The benefit of using additional data analysis methods to draw these comparisons is shown. (author)
Produtividade agrícola de variedades de cana-de-açúcar e incidência de broca-comum e cigarrinha-da-raiz em canavial colhido sem queima Agricultural productivity of sugarcane varieties and incidence of moth borer and root froghopper in green sugarcane
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Zigomar Menezes de Souza
Full Text Available Com o uso de variedades adaptadas e o manejo do solo pós-colheita da soqueira de cana-de-açúcar em sistema de colheita mecanizada, poderá ser afetada a incidência de pragas e a produtividade do canavial. Assim, desenvolveu-se o presente trabalho com o objetivo de se avaliar a influência da palhada de dezoito variedades de cana-de-açúcar submetidas a diferentes sistemas de manejo de colheita mecânica, sem queima, na produtividade agrícola e na incidência de broca-comum e cigarrinha-das-raízes na cultura de cana-de-açúcar. Os tratamentos foram constituídos pela presença da palha sem trituração/sem cultivo (PST/SC; palha sem trituração/com cultivo com escarificador (PST/CC; palha triturada/com cultivo com escarificador (PT/CC. O rendimento de colmos na cana-soca é favorecido pelo manejo, com cultivo, da palhada da planta crua, colhida mecanicamente, sem alteração na incidência de broca-comum e da cigarrinha das raízes. A variedade SP87-365 de cana-de-açúcar é opção viável e rentável, em qualquer sistema de manejo da cana crua, com adaptação à colheita mecânica e às condições edafoclimáticas da região de Ribeirão Preto, SP. A incidência de broca-comum e da cigarrinha das raízes pode ser bastante reduzida com a utilização das variedades SP88-817 e SP76-112 de cana-de-açúcar, em qualquer sistema de manejo da palhada da cana crua colhida mecanicamente e minimizada na colheita mecânica da cana crua, seguida de trituração da palhada e cultivo com escarificador na entrelinha.The use of adapted varieties of sugarcane and the soil management after its harvest in mechanized systems may affect the incidence of pests and the productivity of the sugarcane plantation. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of plant residues of 18 sugarcane varieties submitted to different harvest management systems on the agricultural productivity and incidence of moth borer and root froghopper. The treatments
Rating of transport and radiation source events. Draft additional guidance for the INES national officers for pilot use and feedback; Echelle de classement des incidents de radioprotection: document d'application du systeme international propose par l'AIEA pour les sources radioactives et les transports
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
The International Nuclear Event Scale (INES) is a means for promptly communicating to the public in consistent terms the safety significance of any reported event associated with radioactive material and/or radiation and to any event occurring during the transport of radioactive material. As described in the 2001 Edition of the INES User.s Manual, events are classified on the scale at seven levels: the upper levels (4-7) are termed accidents. and the lower levels (1-3) incidents. Events which have no safety significance are classified below scale at Level 0 and termed deviations. An overview of the principles for the rating under INES together with flow charts summarizing the rating process is provided in Appendix I. The 2001 Edition of the INES User.s Manual provides some guidance for the rating of transport and radiation source events. At the technical meeting held in 2002 the INES National Officers requested the IAEA/NEA Secretariat to prepare additional guidance. Progress was reported at the Technical Meeting of the INES National Officers in March 2004 where preparation of this draft additional guidance was requested for pilot use. This note provides additional guidance on the rating of transport and radiation source events. It is for pilot use and feedback and is broadly consistent with the INES User.s Manual. It provides more detailed information and an expanded approach for the rating based on actual exposure of workers and members of the public. It is designed to be used as a self-standing document with limited need for reference to the INES User Manual. (author)
Extrusion parameters in snacks production from cassava flour and casein / Parâmetros de extrusão na produção de snacks de farinha de mandioca enriquecidos com caseína
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Martha Maria Mischan
Full Text Available This study aimed to evaluate the effects of operational conditions of the extrusion process (temperature, moisture and protein content in production of cassava snacks added of casein, aiming to provide information to the cassava processing industry. The cassava flour and casein were characterized as their chemical components and color. The experimental design followed the central composite rotational design with three factors. The obtained products were characterized as for rate of expansion, specific volume, color and hardness. Data analyses showed that the lower moisture, protein and temperature conditions provided desired expanded products with light color attributes, high expansion and low hardness.Este trabalho teve por objetivo a avaliação dos efeitos das condições operacionais do processo de extrusão (temperatura de extrusão, umidade e teor de proteína na obtenção de produtos expandidos de mandioca, enriquecidos com caseína, visando fornecer informações ao setor de processamento de mandioca. A farinha de mandioca e a caseína foram caracterizadas quanto aos seus componentes químicos e cor. O experimento seguiu o delineamento experimental "central composto rotacional" para três fatores. Os produtos obtidos foram caracterizados quanto ao índice de expansão, volume específico, cor e dureza. A análise dos dados mostrou que as condições de menor umidade, teor de proteína e temperatura proporcionaram a obtenção de produtos expandidos com atributos desejados, ou seja, cor clara, alta expansão e baixa dureza.
Suppression of Arterial Thrombosis without Affecting Hemostatic Parameters with A Cell-Penetrating PAR1 Pepducin
Zhang, Ping; Gruber, András; Kasuda, Shogo; Kimmelstiel, Carey; O'Callaghan, Katie; Cox, Daniel H.; Bohm, Andrew; Baleja, James D.; Covic, Lidija; Kuliopulos, Athan
Background Thrombin-dependent platelet activation is heightened in the setting of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and may cause arterial thrombosis with consequent myocardial necrosis. Given the high incidence of adverse effects in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS), there remains an unmet need for the development of new therapeutics that target platelet activation without unduly affecting hemostasis. The thrombin receptor, PAR1, has recently emerged as a promising new target for therapeutic intervention in ACS patients. Methods and Results We report the development of a first-in-class intracellular PAR1 inhibitor with optimized pharmacokinetic properties for use during PCI in ACS patients. PZ-128 is a cell-penetrating 'pepducin' inhibitor of PAR1 which targets the receptor-G protein interface on the inside surface of platelets. The structure of PZ-128 closely resembles the predicted off-state of the corresponding juxtamembrane region of the third intracellular loop of PAR1. The onset of action of PZ-128 was rapid and suppressed PAR1 aggregation and arterial thrombosis in guinea pigs and baboons and strongly synergized with oral clopidogrel. There was full recovery of platelet function by 24 h. Importantly, PZ-128 had no effect on bleeding or coagulation parameters in primates or in blood from PCI patients. Conclusions Based on the efficacy data in non-human primates with no noted adverse effects on hemostasis, we anticipate that the rapid onset of platelet inhibition and reversible properties of PZ-128 are well suited to the acute interventional setting of PCI and may provide an alternative to long-acting small molecule inhibitors of PAR1. PMID:22705889
Le stockage thermique par chaleur latente
Martin, F.; Nicolas, Jacques
L'article présente le principe du stockage d'énergie par transformation de phase ainsi que les matériaux employés (composés organiques, sels hydratés et matériaux à transformation solide-solide) et les différents types d'échangeurs. Peer reviewed
Coinfection pulmonaire par pneumocystis jirovecii et pseudomonas ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Sous traitement, l'évolution a été favorable. Les coinfections morbides sont relativement fréquentes chez les patients vivant avec le VIH. Devant une symptomatologie respiratoire du sujet vivant avec le VIH, il faut savoir rechercher en plus du Bacille de Koch, Pneumocystis jirovecii et Pseudomonas aeruginosa par un ...
Essai de production de protéines d'organismes unicellulaires par des souches de levures à partir de résidus de tubercules de patate douce et d'igname
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ouédraogo, N.
Full Text Available Single cell protein production test by yeast strains using tubers from sweet potato and yam residues. This study describes the use of the residues of tubers of sweet potato and yam for the production of single cell proteins in Burkina Faso. Two strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and two of Candida utilis were used. These strains were selected from 25 strains isolated in the residues according to their specific rate of maximum growth. The optimum concentration in glucose was 22 mM, the optimum pH 5 and the maximum temperature 30 °C. A specific rate of maximum growth of 0.24·h-1 and one output maximum of conversion of substrate of 0.36 were observed respectively with the strains C. utilis NOY 14 and S. cerevisiae NOY 4. The considerable values of µmax and Yx/s were obtained with the low concentrations of glucose (22 mM. The protein content of the biomass was between 40.4% and 46.9%.
Effets de la fertilisation azotée, de l'inoculation par Rhizobium sp. et du régime des pluies sur la production de la biomasse et la teneur en azote du pois chiche
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Lachaâl M.
Full Text Available Effect of nitrogen fertilization, inoculation with Rhizobium sp. and precipitation on the biomass production and nitrogen content of chickpea. Water availability and soil fertility (especially soil N content are the major factors affecting chickpea yield in Mediterranean regions, characterized by low rainfall, poorly distributed and rapid mineralization of organic matter. In order to study the effect of N-fertilization and inoculation with Rhizobium on chickpea biomass production and N-content, field experiment were carried out at two stations of INRAT in northern Tunisia during two consecutive years, 2000-2001 and 2001-2002. Results showed that N-fertilization significantly increased shoot biomass and N-content while decreasing nodule mass. Inoculation with both the two Rhizobium strains resulted in nodule mass increase but the shoot N-content was not significantly affected. Regardless of the stations and treatments, rainfall decrease between the two years of the experiment significantly reduced shoot and root biomass while improving nodulation, especially at Oued Beja. However, the nodule developed under water deficit conditions was correlated with a very high decrease of the nitrogen fixed. Nevertheless, the mineral nitrogen apply in soil improved the N-content of aerial parts in the two stations, especially in waterless season.
Miroirs multicouches C/SI a incidence normale pour la region spectrale 25-40 nanometres
Grigonis, Marius
Nous avons propose la nouvelle combinaison de materiaux, C/Si, pour la fabrication de miroirs multicouches a incidence normale dans la region spectrale 25-40 nm. Les resultats experimentaux montrent que cette combinaison possede une reflectivite d'environ ~25% dans la region spectrale 25-33 nm et une reflectivite d'environ ~23% dans la region spectrale 33-40 nm. Ces valeurs de reflectivite sont les plus grandes obtenues jusqu'a maintenant dans la region spectrale 25-40 nm. Les miroirs multicouches ont ete par la suite caracterises par microscopie electronique a transmission, par diverses techniques de diffraction des rayons X et par spectroscopies d'electrons AES et ESCA. La resistance des miroirs aux temperatures elevees a ete egalement etudiee. Les resultats fournis par les methodes de caracterisation indiquent que cette combinaison possede des caracteristiques tres prometteuses pour son application comme miroir pour les rayons X mous.
PAR-TERRA directs homologous sex chromosome pairing.
Chu, Hsueh-Ping; Froberg, John E; Kesner, Barry; Oh, Hyun Jung; Ji, Fei; Sadreyev, Ruslan; Pinter, Stefan F; Lee, Jeannie T
In mammals, homologous chromosomes rarely pair outside meiosis. One exception is the X chromosome, which transiently pairs during X-chromosome inactivation (XCI). How two chromosomes find each other in 3D space is not known. Here, we reveal a required interaction between the X-inactivation center (Xic) and the telomere in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. The subtelomeric, pseudoautosomal regions (PARs) of the two sex chromosomes (X and Y) also undergo pairing in both female and male cells. PARs transcribe a class of telomeric RNA, dubbed PAR-TERRA, which accounts for a vast majority of all TERRA transcripts. PAR-TERRA binds throughout the genome, including to the PAR and Xic. During X-chromosome pairing, PAR-TERRA anchors the Xic to the PAR, creating a 'tetrad' of pairwise homologous interactions (Xic-Xic, PAR-PAR, and Xic-PAR). Xic pairing occurs within the tetrad. Depleting PAR-TERRA abrogates pairing and blocks initiation of XCI, whereas autosomal PAR-TERRA induces ectopic pairing. We propose a 'constrained diffusion model' in which PAR-TERRA creates an interaction hub to guide Xic homology searching during XCI.
Application des fluides supercritiques à la production d'hydrocarbures. Exploitation des gisements par récupération assistée et applications diverses : pétrole, sables, schistes, charbons Application of Supercritical Fluids to Hydrocarbon Production. Enhanced Oi Recovery and Miscellaneous Applications: Oil, Tar Sands, Shales, Coals
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Behar E.
Full Text Available Le taux moyen de récupération par drainage naturel des gisements pétroliers atteint à peine 30 %. La récupération assistée désigne l'ensemble des procédés d'exploitation qui permettent d'accroître très sensiblement ce taux. Parmi ces procédés, l'injection de fluides supercritiques joue un rôle prometteur. Les principaux fluides actuellement utilisés sont : le méthane (ou plus généralement les gaz hydrocarbures dits pauvres , l'azote et enfin le gaz carbonique. Les domaines d'application et les mécanismes thermodynamiques mis en jeu sont brièvement exposés, les sources de fluides supercritiques disponibles au voisinage des gisements pétroliers sont rapidement répertoriées et certains problèmes d'exploitation évoqués. Outre leur application en récupération assistée, les fluides supercritiques sont également impliqués dans des procédés de raffinage et d'extraction divers. C'est le procédé de désasphaltage de fractions pétrolières lourdes qui, en 1956, a fait l'objet de la première application industrielle exploitant les fortes variations du pouvoir solvant d'un fluide au voisinage de son point critique. Ce procédé connaît, depuis une dizaine d'années, un regain d'intérêt du fait de l'économie d'énergie qu'il permet de réaliser. D'autre part, les schistes bitumineux, les sables asphaltiques et les charbons, sources d'hydrocarbures considérables pour l'avenir, constituent des domaines d'applications potentielles originales des fluides supercritiques. Les procédés spécifiques, pour la plupart en cours de développement au stade pilote, sont passés en revue. The average recovery by natural drainage from oil fields is barely 30%. Enhanced recovery includes all production processes which appreciably increase this rate. Among such processes, supercritical fluid flooding is quite promising. The main fluids now used are methane (or, more generally, so-called leangaseous hydrocarbons, nitrogen and carbon
Simulink/PARS Integration Support
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Vacaliuc, B. [ORNL; Nakhaee, N. [Sundance DSP, Inc.
The state of the art for signal processor hardware has far out-paced the development tools for placing applications on that hardware. In addition, signal processors are available in a variety of architectures, each uniquely capable of handling specific types of signal processing efficiently. With these processors becoming smaller and demanding less power, it has become possible to group multiple processors, a heterogeneous set of processors, into single systems. Different portions of the desired problem set can be assigned to different processor types as appropriate. As software development tools do not keep pace with these processors, especially when multiple processors of different types are used, a method is needed to enable software code portability among multiple processors and multiple types of processors along with their respective software environments. Sundance DSP, Inc. has developed a software toolkit called "PARS", whose objective is to provide a framework that uses suites of tools provided by different vendors, along with modeling tools and a real time operating system, to build an application that spans different processor types. The software language used to express the behavior of the system is a very high level modeling language, "Simulink", a MathWorks product. ORNL has used this toolkit to effectively implement several deliverables. This CRADA describes this collaboration between ORNL and Sundance DSP, Inc.
Centromere pairing by a plasmid-encoded type I ParB protein
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Ringgaard, Simon; Löwe, Jan; Gerdes, Kenn
The par2 locus of Escherichia coli plasmid pB171 encodes two trans-acting proteins, ParA and ParB, and two cis-acting sites, parC1 and parC2, to which ParB binds cooperatively. ParA is related to MinD and oscillates in helical structures and thereby positions ParB/parC-carrying plasmids regularly...
Pars plana Baerveldt tube insertion with pars plana vitrectomy for refractory glaucoma
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Anton M Kolomeyer
Conclusions: Pars plana Baerveldt tube implantation with PPV can preserve vision, reduce IOP, and decrease the number of glaucoma medications necessary to achieve target IOP in patients with recalcitrant glaucoma.
Optimization of conditions to produce nitrous gases by electrochemical reduction of nitric acid; Optimisation des conditions operatoires de production de vapeurs nitreuses par reduction electrochimique d`acide nitrique
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Lemaire, M. [CEA Centre d`Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay, 91 -Gif-sur-Yvette (France)]|[CEA Centre d`Etudes de la Vallee du Rhone, 30 -Marcoule (France). Direction du Cycle du Combustible
Gaseous nitrogen oxides (NO and NO{sub 2}) involved as oxidizing agents in nuclear fuel reprocessing can be an produced by electrochemical reduction of nitric acid. This could be an interesting alternative to the usual process because no wastes are generated. Voltammetric studies on a platinum electrode show that two reduction potential regions are observed in concentrated nitric acid solutions, between 0.05 V{sub S}HE and 0.3 V{sub S}HE and O.5 V{sub S}HE and 1 V{sub S}HE. The highest potential region reduction mechanism was studies by: classical micro-electrolysis methods; macro-electrolysis methods; infra-red spectroscopy couplet to electrochemistry. It was determined that the origin of nitric acid reduction is the electrochemical reduction of nitrous acid in nitric oxide which chemically reduces nitric acid. This reaction produces nitrous acid back which indicate an auto-catalytic behaviour of nitric acid reduction mechanism. Nitrogen dioxide evolution during nitric acid reduction can also be explained by an other chemical reaction. In the potential value of platinum electrode is above 0.8 V{sub S}HE, products of the indirect nitric acid reduction are nitrous acid, nitrogen oxide and nitrogen dioxide. Below this value nitric oxide can be reduced in nitrous oxide. Thus the potential value is the most important parameter for the nitrogen oxides production selectivity. However, owing to the auto-catalytic character of the reduction mechanism, potential value can be controlled during intentiostatic industrial electrolysis. (author). 91 refs.
Évaluation de l'incidence des outils numériques dans l ...
International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)
Évaluation de l'incidence des outils numériques dans l'enseignement des mathématiques et des sciences au Chili. Par comparaison avec le reste du monde, l'Amérique latine et les Caraïbes font piètre figure dans les évaluations de l'apprentissage. Ces mauvais résultats se traduisent par le faible rendement économique ...
SAFARI 2000 PAR Measurements, Kalahari Transect, Botswana, Wet Season 2000
National Aeronautics and Space Administration — ABSTRACT: Ceptometer data from a Decagon AccuPAR (Model PAR-80) were collected at four sites in Botswana during the SAFARI 2000 Kalahari Transect Wet Season Campaign...
Copenhagen uPAR prostate cancer (CuPCa) database
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Lippert, Solvej; Berg, Kasper D; Høyer-Hansen, Gunilla
AIM: Urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) plays a central role during cancer invasion by facilitating pericellular proteolysis. We initiated the prospective 'Copenhagen uPAR Prostate Cancer' study to investigate the significance of uPAR levels in prostate cancer (PCa) patients. METHODS......: Plasma samples and clinical data from patients with newly diagnosed PCa have been collected prospectively. The uPAR forms have been measured in plasma using time-resolved fluorescence immunoassays. RESULTS: The level of intact uPAR(I-III) did not differ. Plasma uPAR(I-III) + uPAR(II-III) levels and u......PAR(I) levels were significantly higher in hormone-naive and castrate-resistant patients compared with patients with localized disease (both: p PCa....
SAFARI 2000 PAR Measurements, Kalahari Transect, Botswana, Wet Season 2000
National Aeronautics and Space Administration — Ceptometer data from a Decagon AccuPAR (Model PAR-80) were collected at four sites in Botswana during the SAFARI 2000 Kalahari Transect Wet Season Campaign (March,...
Increased plasma soluble uPAR level is a risk marker of respiratory cancer in initially cancer-free individuals
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Langkilde, Anne A; Hansen, Tine Willum; Ladelund, Steen
BACKGROUND: Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a stable plasma biomarker associated with inflammation and disease. This study tested the association between suPAR levels and incident respiratory, gastrointestinal or other types of cancer in initially cancer-free individuals...... from a general population-based prospective study.METHODS: Baseline plasma samples, baseline characteristics, and follow-up data were available from 2656 individuals from the population-based Danish MONICA10 study, followed for a median of 12.6 years. Cancer was diagnosed according to ICD-8 and ICD-10...
Elimination du cadmium de l'acide phosphorique par électrodialyse ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
homme; elle est devenue un enjeu économique et politique majeur pour le développement durable des pays. L'acide phosphorique est classé en second lieu dans la production mondiale des acides après l'acide sulfurique. Il est fabriqué par ...
Parâmetros e tendência genética da produção de leite de cabra no Brasil Genetic parameters and trend for goat milk production in Brazil
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Heraldo Cesar Gonçalves
Full Text Available A caprinocultura leiteira no Brasil, apesar de ser uma atividade rural consolidada há algumas décadas, tem se mostrado totalmente dependente de outros países no que se refere ao melhoramento genético. A maioria dos plantéis existentes atualmente tem como base animais importados, e a renovação do material genético é feita por meio da importação de sêmen. Inexistem informações sobre o valor genético dos animais e sua evolução no decorrer dos anos. No presente trabalho, foram estimadas a herdabilidade e a repetibilidade da produção de leite utilizando o REML. Os valores obtidos foram 0,21557 e 0,21564, respectivamente. Para a predição do valor gênico dos animais, foi usado o procedimento BLUP com modelo animal. A mudança na tendência genética anual estimada por um modelo quadrático foi -0,8109 kg/ano², indicando desaceleração no ganho genético. A correlação de Pearson entre os valores gênicos dos bodes estimados com base na média da capacidade provável de produção das filhas obtida pelo método de mínimos quadrados com as estimadas pelas equações do modelo misto foi de 0,5751. A correlação de SPEARMAN entre as classificações dos bodes obtidos pelos dois métodos foi de 0,5813.Dairy goat production in Brazil, although firmly established since a few decades, has proved to be totally dependent on foreign countries for genetic improvement. Most herds presently producing are based on imported animals, and genetic refreshment is obtained through imported semen. No information is available on the genetic values and their evaluation along the years. In this paper, heritability and repeatability estimates, obtained through REML, are reported for milk yield. The values were 0.21557 and 0.21564, respectively. The BLUP method with animal model was used to predict genetic values. The annual change in genetic trend, estimated by means of a quadratic model, was -0.8109 kg/year², which indicates a slowdown in genetic
Níveis de lisina digestível e zinco quelato sobre os parâmetros produtivos de poedeiras marrons Digestible lysine and zinc chelate levels on the production variables of brown laying hens
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Bruna Helena Carvalho Pacheco
Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar a produção de ovos em galinhas Isa Brown alimentadas com dietas com diferentes níveis de lisina digestível e zinco quelato. Utilizaram-se 720 poedeiras marrons, em dois períodos de avaliação, de 24 a 36 e de 48 a 60 semanas de idade. As dietas foram avaliadas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 5 × 3, composto de 5 níveis de lisina digestível (0,482; 0,527; 0,582; 0,644 e 0,732% e 3 de zinco quelato (20, 40 e 80 ppm, de modo que cada combinação foi testada em 6 repetições de 8 aves por unidade experimental. Na fase de 24 a 36 semanas de idade, houve influência da interação de lisina digestível e zinco no consumo médio diário de ração e na porcentagem de postura. Na fase de 48 a 60 semanas, a interação foi evidenciada somente no consumo médio diário de ração. O aumento da concentração de lisina digestível favoreceu o consumo de ração em todos os níveis de zinco. Em ambas as fases, a menor concentração de zinco atende às necessidades de produção das aves. O valor médio estimado de lisina digestível ideal foi de 0,732% para a fase de 24 a 36 semanas e de 0,578% para a fase de 48 a 60 semanas de idade.This work aimed at evaluating egg production in Isa Brown hens fed diets with different levels of digestible lysine and chelate zinc. It was used 720 brown laying hens, in two evaluation periods, from 24 to 36 and from 48 to 60 weeks of age. The diets were evaluated in a completely randomized design in a 5 × 3 factorial scheme composed of five levels of digestible lysine (0.482; 0.527; 0.582; 0.644 and 0.732% and three levels of chelate zinc (20, 40 and 80 ppm, so each combination was tested in 6 repetitions of 8 birds per experimental unit. In the phase from 24 to 36 weeks of age, there was an influence of digestible lysine and zinc on average feed intake of the ration and on laying percentage. During the phase from 48 to 60 weeks of age, the interaction was
Fission products in National Atmospheric Deposition Program—Wet deposition samples prior to and following the Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Plant incident, March 8?April 5, 2011
Wetherbee, Gregory A.; Debey, Timothy M.; Nilles, Mark A.; Lehmann, Christopher M.B.; Gay, David A.
Radioactive isotopes I-131, Cs-134, or Cs-137, products of uranium fission, were measured at approximately 20 percent of 167 sampled National Atmospheric Deposition Program monitoring sites in North America (primarily in the contiguous United States and Alaska) after the Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Plant incident on March 12, 2011. Samples from the National Atmospheric Deposition Program were analyzed for the period of March 8-April 5, 2011. Calculated 1- or 2-week radionuclide deposition fluxes at 35 sites from Alaska to Vermont ranged from 0.47 to 5,100 Becquerels per square meter during the sampling period of March 15-April 5, 2011. No fission-product isotopes were measured in National Atmospheric Deposition Program samples obtained during March 8-15, 2011, prior to the arrival of contaminated air in North America.
Produção de proteína microbiana e parâmetros ruminais em vacas leiteiras alimentadas com farelo de trigo Microbial protein production and ruminal parameters in dairy cows fed wheat middlings
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Carla Aparecida Soares
Full Text Available Doze vacas Holandesas foram distribuídas em três quadrados latinos 4 x 4, balanceados de acordo com o período de lactação, com o objetivo de estimar a produção de proteína microbiana, utilizando-se a excreção total de derivados de purinas (DP a partir de coletas spot de urina, as concentrações de nitrogênio (N-uréia no plasma, no leite e na urina, o pH e a concentração de amônia ruminal. As quatro rações experimentais foram formuladas para conter na base da matéria seca 70% de silagem de milho e 30% de concentrado. Foram utilizados níveis crescentes de farelo de trigo no concentrado (0, 33, 67 e 100% em substituição ao fubá de milho. As concentrações de uréia (38,8 mg/dL e N-uréia (18,1 mg/dL no leite não foram afetados pelos níveis de farelo de trigo, assim como as concentrações plasmáticas de uréia (51,1 mg/dL e N-uréia (23,8 mg/dL. As excreções urinárias de uréia, N-uréia, alantoína, DP, purinas absorvidas, N-microbiano e concentração de alantoína no leite não foram alteradas. Entretanto, a excreção de ácido úrico apresentou comportamento quadrático, com valor máximo de 40,03 mmol/dia no nível de 36% de farelo de trigo. O pH e a concentração de amônia ruminal antes e após a alimentação também não foram afetados pelos níveis de farelo de trigo. O fubá de milho pode ser substituído integralmente pelo farelo de trigo no concentrado de vacas leiteiras, com produção de leite média de 20 kg/dia, alimentadas com dietas à base de silagem de milho, sem que ocorra alteração na produção de proteína microbiana e no pH e concentração de amônia ruminal.Twelve Holstein cows were allotted to four 4 x 4 Latin square balanced in accordance with the lactation period, with the objective of evaluating the protein production, using the total purine derivatives (PD excretion, obtained from spot urine collection, the plasma and milk urea and nitrogen(N-urea, pH and ruminal ammonia
Montgomery County of Maryland — This dataset contains the monthly summary data indicating incident occurred in each fire station response area. The summary data is the incident count broken down by...
Police Incident Reports Written
Town of Chapel Hill, North Carolina — This table contains incident reports filed with the Chapel Hill Police Department. Multiple incidents may have been reported at the same time. The most serious...
The inflammatory marker suPAR after cardiac arrest
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Rundgren, Malin; Lyngbaek, Stig; Fisker, Helle
. This pilot study aimed at investigating suPAR levels in relation to outcome after CA and mild induced hypothermia. METHODS: suPAR levels were measured at 6, 36, and 72 hours in patients treated with hypothermia after CA. suPAR levels were analyzed in relation to survival after 6 months. Receiver operating...
Molecular Mechanisms of Par-4-Induced Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer
National Research Council Canada - National Science Library
Ladias, John A
.... Phosphorylation of Par-4 by Akt1 results in inhibition of apoptosis. To obtain insights into the mechanisms of Par-4 selective killing of prostate cancer cells, we expressed the human Par-4 SAC domain in bacteria and purified it to homogeneity...
Light particle production in spallation reactions induced by protons of 0.8-2.5 GeV incident kinetic energy
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Herbach, Claus-Michael; Enke, Michael; Boehm, Andreas
Absolute production cross sections have been measured simultaneously for neutrons and light charged particles in 0.8-2.5 GeV proton induced spallation reactions for a series of target nuclei from aluminum up to uranium. The high detection efficiency both for neutral and charged evaporative particles provides an event-wise access to the amount of projectile energy dissipated into nuclear excitation. Various intra nuclear cascade plus evaporation models have been confronted with the experimental data showing large discrepancies for hydrogen and helium production. (author)
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Mediates PAR-Induced Bladder Pain.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Dimitrios E Kouzoukas
Full Text Available Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, is constitutively expressed in urothelial cells that also express protease-activated receptors (PAR. Urothelial PAR1 receptors were shown to mediate bladder inflammation. We showed that PAR1 and PAR4 activator, thrombin, also mediates urothelial MIF release. We hypothesized that stimulation of urothelial PAR1 or PAR4 receptors elicits release of urothelial MIF that acts on MIF receptors in the urothelium to mediate bladder inflammation and pain. Thus, we examined the effect of activation of specific bladder PAR receptors on MIF release, bladder pain, micturition and histological changes.MIF release was measured in vitro after exposing immortalized human urothelial cells (UROtsa to PAR1 or PAR4 activating peptides (AP. Female C57BL/6 mice received intravesical PAR1- or PAR4-AP for one hour to determine: 1 bladder MIF release in vivo within one hour; 2 abdominal hypersensitivity (allodynia to von Frey filament stimulation 24 hours after treatment; 3 micturition parameters 24 hours after treatment; 4 histological changes in the bladder as a result of treatment; 5 changes in expression of bladder MIF and MIF receptors using real-time RT-PCR; 6 changes in urothelial MIF and MIF receptor, CXCR4, protein levels using quantitative immunofluorescence; 7 effect of MIF or CXCR4 antagonism.PAR1- or PAR4-AP triggered MIF release from both human urothelial cells in vitro and mouse urothelium in vivo. Twenty-four hours after intravesical PAR1- or PAR4-AP, we observed abdominal hypersensitivity in mice without changes in micturition or bladder histology. PAR4-AP was more effective and also increased expression of bladder MIF and urothelium MIF receptor, CXCR4. Bladder CXCR4 localized to the urothelium. Antagonizing MIF with ISO-1 eliminated PAR4- and reduced PAR1-induced hypersensitivity, while antagonizing CXCR4 with AMD3100 only partially prevented PAR4-induced hypersensitivity
Peripheral pn production and decay angular distributions in the reaction pi /sup -/p to (pn)p at 12 GeV/c incident momentum
Ghidini, B; Cantore, A; Di Corato, M; Donald, R A; Eades, John; Edwards, D N; Edwards, M E; French, Bernard R; Fry, J R; Houlden, M A; Mandelli, L; Moebes, J P; Müller, K; Navach, F; Palano, A; Palazzi-Cerrina, C; Paul, E; Picciarelli, V; Renneberg, W; Rühmer, W; Smith, I; Zito, G
The reaction pi /sup -/p to (pn)p/sub s/, where p/sub s/ is a slow proton, was measured at 12 GeV/c incident momentum with the CERN-OMEGA spectrometer. Both antiproton and proton were identified uniquely by electronics information. 1844 events with four-momentum transfer squared in the range 0.13
Incident Information Management Tool
Pejovic, Vladimir
Flaws of\tcurrent incident information management at CMS and CERN\tare discussed. A new data\tmodel for future incident database is\tproposed and briefly described. Recently developed draft version of GIS-‐based tool for incident tracking is presented.
Deltagerinvolveret organisationsudvikling med PAR som metode
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Sparre, Mogens
about the organization in an management group with a Participatory Action Research (PAR) case study? The article deals with a Phenomenological case study, where the researcher, with a PAR approach method, creates a research design with the purpose to influence the participant's "Subjective perception......When a leader wants to initiate or influence some necessary changes in the organization, he must be aware of the fact that the subjects that form the organization create their own meaning about actions the manager wants implemented. This article confronts the assumption that people are by nature...... resistant to change. The quite widespread narrative of resistance to change, is believed to originate from the many top-down driven change projects implemented by the top management or/and external consultants. Is it possible to create a desired change in the form of the inter-subjective perception building...
Les Brulures Chimiques Par Le Laurier Rose
Bakkali, H.; Ababou, M.; Nassim Sabah, T.; Moussaoui, A.; Ennouhi, A.; Fouadi, F.Z.; Siah, S.; Ihrai, H.
Le laurier rose ou Nerium oleander est un arbuste qui pousse naturellement dans les régions méditerranéennes. Au Maroc on le trouve dans les lieux humides. Il est réputé par ses risques de toxicité systémique en cas d'empoisonnement à cause de la présence de deux alcaloïdes, surtout l'oléandrine. La littérature illustre des cas d'utilisation locale des feuilles de cette plante contre la gale, les hémorroïdes et les furoncles. Nous rapportons deux cas de brûlures chimiques par le laurier rose ...
[Ambroise Paré in French literature].
Dumaitre, P
The 16th century by its passionate side has been the favourite one of authors of historical novels in which among the heroes of "cloak and dagger stories" appears sometime Ambroise Paré. Alexandre Dumas (the father) has shown him at the court of Charles IX in La Reine Margot (1845) where he does not however play a great role. On the contrary, Balzac in Le Martyr calviniste (1842) has given him a capital part close to the dying François II, whom he intended to trepanize but had to give up this idea as a consequence of the opposition of the queen-mother Catherine de Médicis. In the present century, Robert Merle in Paris ma bonne ville (Fortune de France, 3, 1980) shows Paré at the time of the Saint Barthélemy.
Parâmetros digestivos, produção e qualidade do leite de cabras Saanen recebendo rações com casca do grão de soja em substituição ao milho = Digestive parameters, production and quality of milk from Saanen goats fed rations with soybean hulls as a replacement for ground corn
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Maximiliane Alavarse Zambom
Full Text Available O experimento objetivou avaliar os parâmetros digestivos, produção e qualidade do leite de cabras Saanen, recebendo rações com casca do grão de soja (CGS, em três níveis de substituição ao milho moído (0% CGS, 50% CGS e 100% CGS. Foram utilizadas três cabras Saanen (52,35 kg ± 7,46, primíparas, confinadas, distribuídas em quadrado latino 3 x 3. As rações apresentaram em média 14,70% de PB e 2,23 Mcal de EM kg-1 de MS ingerida. Foi realizado o controle diário da ingestão e produção de leite. As fezes foram coletadas para determinação da digestibilidade da matéria seca e dos nutrientes, e o líquido ruminal para determinação dos parâmetros ruminais. O leite foi coletado para análises físico-químicas e perfil de ácidos graxos. A maior (p 0,05 na digestibilidade da matéria seca e dos nutrientes, nem na produção e qualidade físico-química do leite. O tratamento 100% CGS proporcionou maior concentração de acetato ruminal, maior razão acetato:propionato e menores concentrações de propionato e butirato ruminal. Os tratamentos não alteraram (p > 0,05 o N-amoniacal e pH ruminal. O perfil de ácidos graxos do leite oscilou em função dos tratamentos. A casca do grão de soja pode substituir o milho moído em rações para cabras Saanen em lactação, sem alterações no processo digestivo, na produção e na qualidade do leite.The objective of this study was to evaluate digestive parameters, production and quality of milk from Saanen goats fed rations with soybean hulls (SBH as a replacement for ground corn. Three Saanen does (52.35 kg ± 7.46, confined and first-kidding, were allocated in a 3 x 3 Latin square. Treatments consisted of replacement levels of ground corn for SBH (0% SBH, 50% SBH and 100% SBH, with 14.70% of CP and 2.23 Mcal of ME kg-1 DMI as mean values. Intake and milk production were recorded daily. Feces were sampled for the determination of dry matter and nutrient digestibility, and ruminal
Par Pond refill water quality sampling
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Koch, J.W. II; Martin, F.D.; Westbury, H.M.
This study was designed to document anoxia and its cause in the event that the anoxia caused a fish kill. However, no fish kill was observed during this study, and dissolved oxygen and nutrient concentrations generally remained within the range expected for southeastern reservoirs. Par Pond water quality monitoring will continue during the second summer after refill as the aquatic macrophytes become reestablished and nutrients in the sediments are released to the water column.
Study of neutrino production in the Cannonball model of Gamma ray bursts: possibility of observation of these neutrinos with the Antares neutrinos telescope, and study of the optical background recorded with the prototype sector line; Etude de la production de neutrinos associes aux Sursauts Gamma dans le modele du Boulet de canon: possibilite d'observation de ces neutrinos par le detecteur ANTARES, et etude du bruit de fond optique enregistre par le prototype d'un secteur de ligne
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ferry, S
ANTARES is a future neutrino telescope which will be build at 40 km off the french coast (Toulon), at a 2500 m depth. The interaction of a neutrino with matter produces a muon which emits Cerenkov light while propagating in water. This light is detected with 900 photomultipliers distributed over 12 lines. Gamma ray bursts (GRB) are violent cosmological phenomenon observed once per day. In the Cannonball Model, bursts are produced by the interaction of a jet made of cannonballs (CB) with a supernova remnant (SNR). Forward shocks propagate in the SNR, reverse ones in the CB and neutrinos are produced at the shock fronts. An estimation of the neutrino production is given and is studied over a large parameter range. For a typical GRB, 0.002 to 0.3 v{sub {mu}}, cm{sup -2} can be produced. Depending on the viewing angle, ANTARES could detect 1 to 10 v{sub {mu}} per year in correlation with GRBs. The ambient optical background has been recorded by the ANTARES prototype sector line. The analysis is about the background influence on the detector performance and about the organisms activity which produces it. For example, it appears a 17.6 to 20.4 h periodicity which is compatible with the liquid masses movement imposed by the Coriolis force at the ANTARES latitude. (author)
Digestibilidade e parâmetros ruminais de rações contendo silagens de resíduo da filetagem de tilápia - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v28i4.613 Digestibility and ruminal parameters of rations containing tilapia filleting by-product silages - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v28i4.613
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ricardo Kazama
Full Text Available Avaliou-se o coeficiente de digestibilidade (CD total e parcial dos nutrientes, parâmetros ruminais e eficiência microbiana de rações com silagem ácida do resíduo da filetagem de tilápia (SART, silagem fermentada do resíduo da filetagem de tilápia (SFRT e farinha de peixe (FAPE. Foram utilizados três novilhos da raça Holandesa (330 kg de peso corporal, distribuídos em delineamento quadrado latino 3 x 3. O óxido de cromo foi utilizado como indicador externo do fluxo de MS duodenal e fecal. O CD total e parcial dos nutrientes, não diferiu entre as rações experimentais. O CD total do extrato etéreo (EE foi maior (pIt was evaluated total and partial digestibility coefficient (DC of nutrients, ruminal parameters and microbial efficiency synthesis of rations with acid silage of tilapia filleting by-product (ASTB, fermented silage of tilapia filleting by-product (FSTB and fish meal (FIME. Three Holstein steers (330 kg of body weight were used, distribute in a 3 x 3 Latin Square Design. The chromium oxide was used as external marker of duodenal and fecal dry matter flow. The total and partial DC of nutrients didn't differ (p>0.05 among experimental rations. The total DC of ethereal extract was higher (p<0.05 on rations with ASTB and FSTB. The intestinal DC of ethereal extract on ration with FIME was lower (p<0.05 regarding to rations with ASTB and FSTB. There wasn't inclusion effect of protein sources on pH and ammonia nitrogen concentration of ruminal fluid and microbial efficiency synthesis. The inclusion of 8% of ASTB and FSTB on ruminants'rations can be used without decreasing at nutrients digestion.
[Congenital syphilis: incidence among newborns
Araújo, E C; Moura, E F; Ramos, F L; Holanda, V G
OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of congenital syphilis among newborns at the maternity of a public hospital. METHODS: The study was conducted at the maternity of Fundação Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará, from May to September 1996; 361 mothers were interviewed, and physical examination was performed in their newborns. Serum samples from both, mothers and neonates, were tested using three methods: VDRL, FTA - Abs, ELISA IgM. The diagnosis of congenital syphilis was established according to the criteria defined by Ministério da Saúde in 1993. RESULTS: The rate of congenital syphilis was of 9.1% (33); in 14 cases, there were one or more signs of the disease: prematurity, hepatomegaly, stillbirth, splenomegaly, perinatal death, abdominal distention, nasal stuffiness, jaundice, newborn small for gestational age. The majority of the infected mothers belonged to the age group of 20-35 years (81.8%); 60.6% were married; 63.6% received prenatal care; 48.5% reported previous spontaneous abortion, and 12.1% previous stillbirth. The rate of bisexuality among fathers was of 9.1%. CONCLUSION: The syphilis control measures and the prenatal care, have not been sufficient to prevent the high rate of the disease.
Regulatory cross-talk in the double par locus of plasmid pB171
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Ringgaard, Simon; Ebersbach, Gitte; Borch, Jonas
The double par locus of Escherichia coli virulence factor pB171 consists of two adjacent and oppositely oriented par loci of different types, called par1 and par2. par1 encodes an actin ATPase (ParM), and par2 encodes an oscillating, MinD-like ATPase (ParA). The par loci share a central cis-actin...... well with the observed transcriptional regulation of the par operons in vivo and in vitro. Integration host factor (IHF) was identified as a novel factor involved in par2-mediated plasmid partitioning....
PAR1 antagonists inhibit thrombin-induced platelet activation whilst leaving the PAR4-mediated response intact.
Judge, Heather M; Jennings, Lisa K; Moliterno, David J; Hord, Edward; Ecob, Rosemary; Tricoci, Pierluigi; Rorick, Tyrus; Kotha, Jayaprakash; Storey, Robert F
Thrombin-induced platelet activation is initiated by PAR1 and PAR4 receptors. Vorapaxar, a PAR1 antagonist, has been assessed in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and stable atherosclerotic disease in addition to standard-of-care treatment. In clinical trials, vorapaxar has been observed to reduce the frequency of ischaemic events in some subgroups though in others has increased the frequency of bleeding events. Among patients undergoing CABG surgery, which is associated with excess thrombin generation, bleeding was not increased. The aim of these studies was to investigate the effects of selective PAR1 antagonism on thrombin-induced platelet activation in patients receiving vorapaxar or placebo in the TRACER trial and to explore the roles of PAR1 and PAR4 in thrombin-induced platelet activation in healthy volunteers. ACS patients receiving vorapaxar or placebo in the TRACER trial were studied at baseline and 4 hours, 1 and 4 months during drug administration. Thrombin-induced calcium mobilisation in platelet-rich plasma was assessed by flow cytometry. In vitro studies were performed in healthy volunteers using the PAR1 antagonist SCH79797 or PAR4 receptor desensitisation. Vorapaxar treatment significantly inhibited thrombin-induced calcium mobilisation, leaving a residual, delayed response. These findings were consistent with calcium mobilisation mediated via the PAR4 receptor and were reproduced in vitro using SCH79797. PAR4 receptor desensitization, in combination with SCH79797, completely inhibited thrombin-induced calcium mobilisation confirming that the residual calcium mobilisation was mediated via PAR4. In conclusion vorapaxar selectively antagonises the PAR1-mediated component of thrombin-induced platelet activation, leaving the PAR4-mediated response intact, which may explain why vorapaxar is well tolerated in patients undergoing CABG surgery since higher thrombin levels in this setting may override the effects of PAR1 antagonism through PAR4
A 5-year study of the incidence and economic impact of variant infectious bursal disease viruses on broiler production in Saskatchewan, Canada.
Zachar, Tara; Popowich, Shelly; Goodhope, Bob; Knezacek, Tennille; Ojkic, Davor; Willson, Philip; Ahmed, Khawaja Ashfaque; Gomis, Susantha
While the prevalence of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) on chicken farms in some provinces of Canada has been documented, the economic impact of variant IBDV infection on the broiler chicken industry in Saskatchewan has not. The objectives of this study were to identify the variant strains of IBDV circulating on Saskatchewan chicken farms and evaluate their economic impact on broiler production. Infection due to IBDV was detected in 43% of Saskatchewan chicken farms, with variant strains detected in infected birds closely related predominantly to NC171, 586, and Delaware-E. Infected flocks showed an IBDV antibody titer of 4236 geometric mean (GM), whereas an antibody titer of 157 GM was measured in uninfected flocks. Infected flocks had very low (0.06) bursa-to-body-weight (BBW) ratio (an indicator of immunity) compared to high BBW ratio (0.17) in uninfected flocks, which suggests a significant immunosuppression in the former. Flocks positive for IBDV had mean mortality of 8.6% and mean condemnation of 1.5%. In contrast, mean mortality in uninfected flocks was 6.1% and mean condemnation was 1.1%. The live market weight per grow area at 37 d of age was 29.3 kg/m 2 in infected flocks and 34.0 kg/m 2 in flocks without IBDV infection. Flock mortality and condemnation rate were positively correlated with IBDV infection, whereas low BBW ratio was inversely correlated, as expected. Overall, IBDV-infected flocks had higher mortality, bursal atrophy, poorer feed conversion ratio (FCR), and decreased meat production. Our data suggest that the broiler chicken industry in Saskatchewan loses 3.9 million kilograms of meat production per year due to variant IBDV strains.
Genetic Diversity of PRRS Virus Collected from Air Samples in Four Different Regions of Concentrated Swine Production during a High Incidence Season
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Barbara Brito
Full Text Available Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS is one of the most relevant swine diseases in the US, costing the industry millions of dollars per year. Unfortunately, disease control is difficult because of the virus dynamics, as PRRS virus (PRRSV can be transmitted by air between farms, especially, in regions with high density of swine operations. While long distance airborne transport of PRRSV has been reported, there is little information regarding the dynamics of PRRSV airborne challenge in concentrated regions. The objective of this study was to describe the frequency of detection, dose and diversity of PRRSV in air samples collected across four concentrated production regions during the PRRS-high risk season in the Midwestern US (October–December in 2012. Between 29% and 42% of the air samples were positive in all four sampling sites. Sequencing of the recovered virus showed a wide diversity of field and vaccine variants. Higher frequency, dose, and diversity of PRRSV were observed in air at locations with higher pig density. These findings suggest that regional spread of PRRSV due to aerosol transmission of PRRSV represents a significant risk to susceptible herds in concentrated regions of domestic pig production where PRRSV is endemic.
Large-angle production of charged pions with 3-12.9 GeV/c incident protons on nuclear targets
Catanesi, M.G.; Edgecock, R.; Ellis, Malcolm; Soler, F.J.P.; Gossling, C.; Bunyatov, S.; Krasnoperov, A.; Popov, B.; Serdiouk, V.; Tereschenko, V.; Di Capua, E.; Vidal-Sitjes, G.; Artamonov, A.; Giani, S.; Gilardoni, S.; Gorbunov, P.; Grant, A.; Grossheim, A.; Ivanchenko, A.; Ivanchenko, V.; Kayis-Topaksu, A.; Panman, J.; Papadopoulos, I.; Tcherniaev, E.; Tsukerman, I.; Veenhof, R.; Wiebusch, C.; Zucchelli, P.; Blondel, A.; Borghi, S.; Morone, M.C.; Prior, G.; Schroeter, R.; Meurer, C.; Gastaldi, U.; Mills, G.B.; Graulich, J.S.; Gregoire, G.; Bonesini, M.; Ferri, F.; Kirsanov, M.; Bagulya, A.; Grichine, V.; Polukhina, N.; Palladino, V.; Coney, L.; Schmitz, D.; Barr, G.; De Santo, A.; Bobisut, F.; Gibin, D.; Guglielmi, A.; Mezzetto, M.; Dumarchez, J.; Dore, U.; Orestano, D.; Pastore, F.; Tonazzo, A.; Tortora, L.; Booth, C.; Howlett, L.; Skoro, G.; Bogomilov, M.; Chizhov, M.; Kolev, D.; Tsenov, R.; Piperov, Stefan; Temnikov, P.; Apollonio, M.; Chimenti, P.; Giannini, G.; Burguet-Castell, J.; Cervera-Villanueva, A.; Gomez-Cadenas, J.J.; Martin-Albo, J.; Novella, P.; Sorel, M.; Tornero, A.
Measurements of the double-differential charged pion production cross-section in the range of momentum 100 MeV/c < p < 800 MeV/c and angle 0.35 < \\theta < 2.15 rad in proton-beryllium, proton-carbon, proton-aluminium, proton-copper, proton-tin, proton-tantalum and proton-lead collisions are presented. The data were taken with the large acceptance HARP detector in the T9 beam line of the CERN PS. The pions were produced by proton beams in a momentum range from 3 GeV/c to 12.9 GeV/c hitting a target with a thickness of 5% of a nuclear interaction length.
Meeting the need for regenerative therapies I: target-based incidence and its relationship to U.S. spending, productivity, and innovation.
Parenteau, Nancy; Hardin-Young, Janet; Shannon, William; Cantini, Patrick; Russell, Alan
Regenerative therapies possess high theoretical potential for medical advance yet their success as commercial therapeutics is still open to debate. Appropriate data on target opportunities that provide perspective and enable strategic decision making is necessary for both efficient and effective translation. Up until now, this data have been out of reach to research scientists and many start-up companies-the very groups currently looked to for the critical advance of these therapies. The target-based estimate of opportunity presented in this report demonstrates its importance in evaluating medical need and technology feasibility. In addition, analysis of U.S. research spending, productivity, and innovation reveals that U.S. basic research in this field would benefit from greater interdisciplinarity. Overcoming the barriers that currently prevent translation into high value therapies that are quickly clinically adopted requires simultaneous integration of engineering, science, business, and clinical practice. Achieving this integration is nontrivial.
Regulatory cross-talk in the double par locus of plasmid pB171
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Ringgaard, Simon; Ebersbach, Gitte; Borch, Jonas
-acting region of approximately 200 bp, called parC1, located between the two par loci. An additional cis-acting region, parC2, is located downstream of the parAB operon of par2. Here we show that ParR of par1 and ParB of par2 bind cooperatively to unrelated sets of direct repeats in parC1 to form the cognate...... partition and promoter repression complexes. Surprisingly, ParB repressed transcription of the noncognate par operon, indicating cross-talk and possibly epistasis between the two systems. The par promoters, P1 and P2, affected each other negatively. The DNA binding activities of ParR and ParB correlated...
Classification of very high resolution satellite remote sensing data in a pilot phase of the forest cover classification of the Democratic Republic of Congo, Forêts d'Afrique Central Evaluées par Télédetection (FACET) product
Singa Monga Lowengo, C.
The Observatoire Satellital des Forêts d'Afrique Centrale (OSFAC) based in Kinshasa, serves as the focal point of the GOFC-GOLD network for Central Africa. OSFAC's long term objective is building regional capacity to use remotely sensed data to map forest cover and forest cover change across Central Africa. OSFAC archives and disseminates satellite data, offers training in geospatial data applications in coordination with the University of Kinshasa, and provides technical support to CARPE partners. Forêts d'Afrique Centrale Évaluées par Télédétection (FACET) is an OSFAC initiative that implements the UMD/SDSU methodology at the national level and quantitatively evaluates the spatiotemporal dynamics of forest cover in Central Africa. The multi-temporal series of FACET data is a useful contribution to many projects, such as biodiversity monitoring, climate modeling, conservation, natural resource management, land use planning, agriculture and REDD+. I am working as Remote Sensing and GIS Officer in various projects of OSFAC. My activities include forest cover and lands dynamics monitoring in Congo Basin. I am familiar with the use of digital mapping software, GIS and RS (Arc GIS, ENVI and PCI Geomatica etc.), classification and spatial Analysis of satellite images, 3D modeling, etc. I started as an intern at OSFAC, Assistant Trainer (Professional Training) and Consultant than permanent employee since October 2009. To assist in the OSFAC activities regarding the monitoring of forest cover and the CARPE program in the context of natural resources management, I participated in the development of the FACET Atlas (Republic of Congo). I received data from Matt Hansen (map.img), WRI and Brazzaville (shapefiles). With all these data I draw maps of the ROC Atlas and statistics of forest cover and forest loss. We organize field work on land to collect data to validate the FACET product. Therefore, to assess forest cover in the region of Kwamouth and Kahuzi-Maiko Biega
Measurement of neutron-production double-differential cross sections for 8 and 15 GeV proton incidence in the most-forward directions
Shigyo, N; Iwamoto, Y; Ishimoto, S; Kawasaki, Y; Takayama, Y; Tenzou, H; Ishibashi, K; Nakamoto, T; Numajiri, M; Meigo, S
Neutron-production double-differential cross sections in the most- forward directions were measured for proton-induced reactions on Fe and Pb targets at 0.8 and 1.5 GeV. The experiment was performed at the pi 2 beam line of the 12 GeV proton synchrotron in High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK). Neutrons were measured by time-of-flight technique with two different flight path lengths, i.e. 3.5 and 5.0 in at 0.8 and 1.5 GeV, respectively. NE213 liquid organic scintillators 12.7 cm in diameter and 12.7 cm in thickness were set at 0 degrees and 5 degrees as neutron detectors. For the improvement of the energy resolution, the scintillator at 0 degrees was connected with three Hamamatsu H2431 photomultipliers 5.1 cm in diameter. The neutron detection efficiencies were obtained by the SCINFUL-QMD code. The experimental data were compared with the calculation results of the intranuclear-cascade-evaporation and QMD models. (15 refs).
Acute incidents during anaesthesia
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Incidents can occur during induction, maintenance and emergence from anaesthesia. The following acute critical incidents are discussed in this article: • Anaphylaxis. • Aspiration ..... Already used in South Africa and Malawi, a scale-up of the technique is under way in Tanzania, Rwanda and Ghana. The report found that.
Predição de parâmetros e valores genéticos para caracteres de crescimento e produção de látex em progênies de seringueira Genetic parameters and values prediction for growth and latex production traits in rubber tree progenies
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Reginaldo Brito da Costa
Full Text Available O trabalho objetivou estimar parâmetros e valores genéticos para os caracteres altura, diâmetro, produção de látex e produtividade de progênies de seringueira. As progênies meio-irmãos foram estabelecidas sob delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com 28 tratamentos (progênies, cinco repetições e dez plantas por parcela. Aos três anos de idade, as progênies foram avaliadas quanto aos caracteres: a altura total (cm; b diâmetro (mm; c Produção de borracha seca (g e produtividade (g cm-2. As estimativas dos coeficientes de herdabilidades individuais (0,33; 0,24 e 0,51 para os caracteres altura, diâmetro e produtividade, respectivamente, foram consideradas expressivas. Para o caráter produção de borracha seca, a estimativa do coeficiente de herdabilidade individual, no sentido restrito (9%, embora de baixa magnitude, revela excelente possibilidade de seleção, pois conduziram a estimativa da herdabilidade, em nível de médias de família, a um valor equivalente a 68%. A acurácia entre os valores genéticos preditos e os verdadeiros foram de 0,80 para altura, 0,76 para diâmetro, 0,62 para produção de borracha seca e 0,86 para produtividade. As estimativas de herdabilidades individuais associadas às de médias de progênies podem maximizar os ganhos genéticos com a seleção na população. A inclusão do caráter produtividade foi promissora e deve ser utilizada na seqüência das avaliações, subsidiando o programa de melhoramento genético da espécie no Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul.This study aimed to estimate genetic values and parameters for plant height, diameter, rubber yield and productivity (g cm-2 of rubber tree progenies. Half-sib progenies were established in a complete randomized block, with 28 treatments, five replicates and 10 plants per plot. At three years of life, the progenies were evaluated regarding the following characters: diameter, rubber production and productivity (g cm². The estimative coefficients
Accouchement par forceps: indications et pronostic materno-foetal ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
L'accouchement par voie basse, peut être parfois compromis par des facteurs maternels, foetaux ou materno-foetaux nécessitant des moyens thérapeutiques comme le forceps pour achever l'accouchement par voie naturelle. Le forceps, une méthode qui n'est pas sans risque pour la mère et le nouveau-né. Nous avons ...
Radiological incidents in radiotherapy
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Hobzova, L.; Novotny, J.
In many countries a reporting system of radiological incidents to national regulatory body exists and providers of radiotherapy treatment are obliged to report all major and/or in some countries all incidents occurring in institution. State Office for Nuclear Safety (SONS) is providing a systematic guidance for radiotherapy departments from 1997 by requiring inclusion of radiation safety problems into Quality assurance manual, which is the basic document for obtaining a license of SONS for handling with sources of ionizing radiation. For that purpose SONS also issued the recommendation 'Introduction of QA system for important sources in radiotherapy-radiological incidents' in which the radiological incidents are defined and the basic guidance for their classification (category A, B, C, D), investigation and reporting are given. At regular periods the SONS in co-operation with radiotherapy centers is making a survey of all radiological incidents occurring in institutions and it is presenting obtained information in synoptic communication (2003 Motolske dny, 2005 Novy Jicin). This presentation is another summary report of radiological incidents that occurred in our radiotherapy institutions during last 3 years. Emphasis is given not only to survey and statistics, but also to analysis of reasons of the radiological incidents and to their detection and prevention. Analyses of incidents in radiotherapy have led to a much broader understanding of incident causation. Information about the error should be shared as early as possible during or after investigation by all radiotherapy centers. Learning from incidents, errors and near misses should be a part of improvement of the QA system in institutions. Generally, it is recommended that all radiotherapy facilities should participate in the reporting, analyzing and learning system to facilitate the dissemination of knowledge throughout the whole country to prevent errors in radiotherapy.(authors)
A mechanism for ParB-dependent waves of ParA, a protein related to DNA segregation during cell division in prokaryotes
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Hunding, Axel; Gerdes, Kenn; Charbon, Gitte Ebersbach
Prokaryotic plasmids encode partitioning (par) loci involved in segregation of DNA to daughter cells at cell division. A functional fusion protein consisting of Walker-type ParA ATPase and green fluorescent protein (Gfp) oscillates back and forth within nucleoid regions with a wave period of about...... in an autocatalytic process. We discuss this mechanism in relation to recent models for MinDE oscillations in E.coli and to microtubule degradation in mitosis. The study points to an ancestral role for the presented pattern types in generating bipolarity in prokaryotes and eukaryotes....... formation, based on Turing's mechanism, and these patterns are destroyed by the degradation products, only to initiate a new pattern at the opposite nucleoid region. A recurrent wave thus emerges. This may be a particular example of a more general class of pattern forming mechanisms, based on protein...
Galectin-3 facilitates cell motility in gastric cancer by up-regulating protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1.
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Seok-Jun Kim
Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Galectin-3 is known to regulate cancer metastasis. However, the underlying mechanism has not been defined. Through the DNA microarray studies after galectin-3 silencing, we demonstrated here that galectin-3 plays a key role in up-regulating the expressions of protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1 PAR-1 thereby promoting gastric cancer metastasis. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We examined the expression levels of Galectin-3, PAR-1, and MMP-1 in gastric cancer patient tissues and also the effects of silencing these proteins with specific siRNAs and of over-expressing them using specific lenti-viral constructs. We also employed zebrafish embryo model for analysis of in vivo gastric cancer cell invasion. These studies demonstrated that: a galectin-3 silencing decreases the expression of PAR-1. b galectin-3 over-expression increases cell migration and invasion and this increase can be reversed by PAR-1 silencing, indicating that galectin-3 increases cell migration and invasion via PAR-1 up-regulation. c galectin-3 directly interacts with AP-1 transcriptional factor, and this complex binds to PAR-1 promoter and drives PAR-1 transcription. d galectin-3 also amplifies phospho-paxillin, a PAR-1 downstream target, by increasing MMP-1 expression. MMP-1 silencing blocks phospho-paxillin amplification and cell invasion caused by galectin-3 over-expression. e Silencing of either galectin-3, PAR-1 or MMP-1 significantly reduced cell migration into the vessels in zebrafish embryo model. f Galectin-3, PAR-1, and MMP-1 are highly expressed and co-localized in malignant tissues from gastric cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Galectin-3 plays the key role of activating cell surface receptor through production of protease and boosts gastric cancer metastasis. Galectin-3 has the potential to serve as a useful pharmacological target for prevention of gastric cancer metastasis.
Cumulative production of gases and France parameters evaluated by the semi-automatic in vitro technique of carbohydrates sources for ruminants Produção cumulativa de gases e parâmetros de France avaliados pela técnica semiautomática in vitro de fontes de carboidratos de ruminantes
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Alberto Corrêa Mendonça
Full Text Available It was evaluated, by semi-automatic technique in vitro, the effect of the associations among different sources of carbohydrates (dent corn or flint corn or citrus pulp to forage (corn silage, sorghum silage + silage corn residue, elephant grass, sugar cane, silage corn residue on the cumulative gas production. There was a significant interaction between treatments and incubation times. The association of sorghum silage with silage corn residue + dent corn (SRDE resulted in higher cumulative gas production at all times with total production of 325.3 mL at 96 hours. The France's parameters showed that the treatment with sugar-cane (CADE, CADU and CAPC resulted in high potential gas production (322, 325 and 317mL/gMS, respectively. The associations from Elephantgrass + dent or flint corn (CEDU and CEDE resulted in high colonization times (2.21 and 1.07 hours, respectively. In general, the best results of gas production were obtained in the treatments that addressed the association of sorghum silage + silage corn residue in bulky portion (SRDE, and SRDU srpc showing the potential for using these sources in the diets of ruminants.Avaliou-se, através da técnica semiautomática in vitro, o efeito das associações entre diferentes fontes de carboidratos (milho dentado ou milho duro ou polpa cítrica e forragens (silagem de milho, silagem de sorgo + silagem de resíduo de milho, capim elefante, cana-de-açúcar, silagem de resíduo de milho, sobre a produção cumulativa de gases. Constatou-se interação significativa entre os tratamentos e tempos de incubação. A associação de silagem de sorgo com silagem de resíduo de milho + milho dentado (SRDE resultou em maior produção cumulativa de gases em todos os tempos com produção total de 325,3mL às 96 horas. Com relação aos parâmetros de France os tratamentos com cana-de-açúcar (CADE, CADU e CAPC resultaram em elevado potencial para produção de gases (322, 325 e 317mL/gMS, respectivamente
Row orientation effect on UV-B, UV-A and PAR solar irradiation components in vineyards at Tuscany, Italy
Grifoni, D.; Carreras, G.; Zipoli, G.; Sabatini, F.; Dalla Marta, A.; Orlandini, S.
Besides playing an essential role in plant photosynthesis, solar radiation is also involved in many other important biological processes. In particular, it has been demonstrated that ultraviolet (UV) solar radiation plays a relevant role in grapevines ( Vitis vinifera) in the production of certain important chemical compounds directly responsible for yield and wine quality. Moreover, the exposure to UV-B radiation (280-320 nm) can affect plant-disease interaction by influencing the behaviour of both pathogen and host. The main objective of this research was to characterise the solar radiative regime of a vineyard, in terms of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and UV components. In this analysis, solar spectral UV irradiance components, broadband UV (280-400 nm), spectral UV-B and UV-A (320-400 nm), the biological effective UVBE, as well as the PAR (400-700 nm) component, were all considered. The diurnal patterns of these quantities and the UV-B/PAR and UV-B/UV-A ratios were analysed to investigate the effect of row orientation of the vineyard in combination with solar azimuth and elevation angles. The distribution of PAR and UV irradiance at various heights of the vertical sides of the rows was also studied. The results showed that the highest portion of plants received higher levels of daily radiation, especially the UV-B component. Row orientation of the vines had a pronounced effect on the global PAR received by the two sides of the rows and, to a lesser extent, UV-A and UV-B. When only the diffused component was considered, this geometrical effect was greatly attenuated. UV-B/PAR and UV-A/PAR ratios were also affected, with potential consequences on physiological processes. Because of the high diffusive capacity of the UV-B radiation, the UV-B/PAR ratio was significantly lower on the plant portions exposed to full sunlight than on those in the shade.
Surface and Subsurface Geochemical Monitoring of an EOR-CO2 Field: Buracica, Brazil Monitoring géochimique en surface et sub-surface d'un gisement en production par récupération assistée et injection de CO2 : le champ de Buracica, Brésil
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Magnier C.
Full Text Available This paper presents a surface and subsurface geochemical survey of the Buracica EOR-CO2 field onshore Brazil. We adopted a methodology coupling the stable isotopes of carbon with noble gases to investigate the adequacy of geochemical monitoring to track deep fluid leakage at the surface. Three campaigns of CO2 flux and concentration in soils were performed to understand the CO2 variability across the field. The distribution of the CO2 soil contents between 0.8 and 14% is in great part controlled by the properties of the soil, with a first-order topographic dependency. These results, together with a δ13CCO2 between –15 and –23‰, suggest that the bulk of the soil CO2 flux is biological. The gas injected and produced at numerous wells across the field showed a great spatial and somewhat temporal heterogeneity with respect to molecular, δ13CCO2 and noble gas compositions. This heterogeneity is a consequence of the EOR-induced sweeping of the petroleum fluids by the injected CO2, producing a heterogeneous mixing controlled by the production scheme and the distribution in reservoir permeability. In light of the δ13CCO2 found in the reservoir, the stable isotopic composition of carbon was insufficient to track CO2 leaks at the surface. We demonstrate how noble gases may be powerful leak discriminators, even for CO2 abundances in soils in the bottom range of the biological baseline (~1%. The results presented in this study show the potential of geochemical monitoring techniques, involving stable isotopes and noble gases at the reservoir and soil levels, for tracing CO2 in CCS projects. Le monitoring géochimique du gisement de Buracica, qui produit des hydrocarbures par récupération assistée et injection de dioxyde de carbone, est présenté dans cet article. Une méthodologie permettant de coupler l'utilisation des isotopes stables du carbone et des isotopes des gaz rares pour étudier la faisabilité de traçage d'une fuite de CO2 du r
HIV-1 infected lymphoid organs upregulate expression and release of the cleaved form of uPAR that modulates chemotaxis and virus expression.
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Manuela Nebuloni
Full Text Available Cell-associated receptor for urokinase plasminogen activator (uPAR is released as both full-length soluble uPAR (suPAR and cleaved (c-suPAR form that maintain ability to bind to integrins and other receptors, thus triggering and modulating cell signaling responses. Concerning HIV-1 infection, plasma levels of suPAR have been correlated with the severity of disease, levels of immune activation and ineffective immune recovery also in individuals receiving combination anti-retroviral therapy (cART. However, it is unknown whether and which suPAR forms might contribute to HIV-1 induced pathogenesis and to the related state of immune activation. In this regard, lymphoid organs represent an import site of chronic immune activation and virus persistence even in individuals receiving cART. Lymphoid organs of HIV-1(+ individuals showed an enhanced number of follicular dendritic cells, macrophages and endothelial cells expressing the cell-associated uPAR in comparison to those of uninfected individuals. In order to investigate the potential role of suPAR forms in HIV-1 infection of secondary lymphoid organs, tonsil histocultures were established from HIV-1 seronegative individuals and infected ex vivo with CCR5- and CXCR4-dependent HIV-1 strains. The levels of suPAR and c-suPAR were significantly increased in HIV-infected tonsil histocultures supernatants in comparison to autologous uninfected histocultures. Supernatants from infected and uninfected cultures before and after immunodepletion of suPAR forms were incubated with the chronically infected promonocytic U1 cell line characterized by a state of proviral latency in unstimulated conditions. In the contest of HIV-conditioned supernatants we established that c-suPAR, but not suPAR, inhibited chemotaxis and induced virus expression in U1 cells. In conclusion, lymphoid organs are an important site of production and release of both suPAR and c-suPAR, this latter form being endowed with the capacity of
Grazing Incidence Optics Technology
Ramsey, Brian; Smith, W. Scott; Gubarev, Mikhail; McCracken, Jeff
This project is to demonstrate the capability to directly fabricate lightweight, high-resolution, grazing-incidence x-ray optics using a commercially available robotic polishing machine. Typical x-ray optics production at NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) uses a replication process in which metal mirrors are electroformed on to figured and polished mandrels from which they are later removed. The attraction of this process is that multiple copies can be made from a single master. The drawback is that the replication process limits the angular resolution that can be attained. By directly fabricating each shell, errors inherent in the replication process are removed. The principal challenge now becomes how to support the mirror shell during all aspects of fabrication, including the necessary metrology to converge on the required mirror performance specifications. This program makes use of a Zeeko seven-axis computer-controlled polishing machine (see fig. 1) and supporting fabrication, metrology, and test equipment at MSFC. The overall development plan calls for proof-of-concept demonstration with relatively thick mirror shells (5-6 mm, fig. 2) which are straightforward to support and then a transition to much thinner shells (2-3 mm), which are an order of magnitude thinner than those used for Chandra. Both glass and metal substrates are being investigated. Currently, a thick glass shell is being figured. This has enabled experience to be gained with programming and operating the polishing machine without worrying about shell distortions or breakage. It has also allowed time for more complex support mechanisms for figuring/ polishing and metrology to be designed for the more challenging thinner shells. These are now in fabrication. Figure 1: Zeeko polishing machine.
The urokinase receptor (uPAR) and the uPAR-associated protein (uPARAP/Endo180)
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Behrendt, Niels
processes involve a highly organized interplay between proteases and their cellular binding sites as well as specific substrates and internalization receptors. This review article is focused on two components, the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) and the uPAR-associated protein (uPARAP, also...... designated Endo180), that are considered crucially engaged in matrix degradation. uPAR and uPARAP have highly diverse functions, but on certain cell types they interact with each other in a process that is still incompletely understood. uPAR is a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored glycoprotein...
Taare Zameen Par and dyslexic savants
Chakravarty, Ambar
The film Taare Zameen Par (Stars upon the Ground) portrays the tormented life at school and at home of a child with dyslexia and his eventual success after his artistic talents are discovered by his art teacher at the boarding school. The film hints at a curious neurocognitive phenomenon of creativity in the midst of language disability, as exemplified in the lives of people like Leonardo da Vinci and Albert Einstein, both of whom demonstrated extraordinary creativity even though they were probably affected with developmental learning disorders. It has been hypothesized that a developmental delay in the dominant hemisphere most likely 'disinhibits' the nondominant parietal lobe, unmasking talents—artistic or otherwise—in some such individuals. It has been suggested that, in remedial training, children with learning disorders be encouraged to develop such hidden talents to full capacity, rather than be subjected to the usual overemphasis on the correction of the disturbed coded symbol operations. PMID:20142854
Taare Zameen Par and dyslexic savants
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Chakravarty Ambar
Full Text Available The film Taare Zameen Par (Stars upon the Ground portrays the tormented life at school and at home of a child with dyslexia and his eventual success after his artistic talents are discovered by his art teacher at the boarding school. The film hints at a curious neurocognitive phenomenon of creativity in the midst of language disability, as exemplified in the lives of people like Leonardo da Vinci and Albert Einstein, both of whom demonstrated extraordinary creativity even though they were probably affected with developmental learning disorders. It has been hypothesized that a developmental delay in the dominant hemisphere most likely ′disinhibits′ the nondominant parietal lobe, unmasking talents-artistic or otherwise-in some such individuals. It has been suggested that, in remedial training, children with learning disorders be encouraged to develop such hidden talents to full capacity, rather than be subjected to the usual overemphasis on the correction of the disturbed coded symbol operations.
Investigation of APS PAR Vertical Beam Instability
Yao, Chihyuan; Sereno, Nicholas S; Yang Bing Xin
The Advanced Photon Source (APS) particle accumulator ring (PAR) is a 325-MeV storage ring that collects and compresses linac pulse trains into a single bunch for booster injection. A vertical beam instability has been observed when only a single linac bunch is injected and the total beam charge is from 0.15 to 0.7 nC. The instability starts about 80 ms after the injection, lasts about 160 ms, and is highly reproducible. We performed spectral measurement and time-resolved imaging with both a gated-intensified camera and a streak camera in order to characterize this instability. Initial analysis of the data indicates that the instability is due to ion trapping. A stable lattice was established as result of the investigation. This report summarizes the experimental results and gives some preliminary analysis.
PAR1 activation affects the neurotrophic properties of Schwann cells.
Pompili, Elena; Fabrizi, Cinzia; Somma, Francesca; Correani, Virginia; Maras, Bruno; Schininà, Maria Eugenia; Ciraci, Viviana; Artico, Marco; Fornai, Francesco; Fumagalli, Lorenzo
Protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR1) is the prototypic member of a family of four G-protein-coupled receptors that signal in response to extracellular proteases. In the peripheral nervous system, the expression and/or the role of PARs are still poorly investigated. High PAR1 mRNA expression was found in the rat dorsal root ganglia and the signal intensity of PAR1 mRNA increased in response to sciatic nerve transection. In the sciatic nerve, functional PAR1 receptor was reported at the level of non-compacted Schwann cell myelin microvilli of the nodes of Ranvier. Schwann cells are the principal population of glial cells of the peripheral nervous system which myelinate axons playing an important role during axonal regeneration and remyelination. The present study was undertaken in order to determine if the activation of PAR1 affects the neurotrophic properties of Schwann cells. Our results suggest that the stimulation of PAR1 could potentiate the Schwann cell ability to favour nerve regeneration. In fact, the conditioned medium obtained from Schwann cell cultures challenged with a specific PAR1 activating peptide (PAR1 AP) displays increased neuroprotective and neurotrophic properties with respect to the culture medium from untreated Schwann cells. The proteomic analysis of secreted proteins in untreated and PAR1 AP-treated Schwann cells allowed the identification of factors differentially expressed in the two samples. Some of them (such as macrophage migration inhibitory factor, matrix metalloproteinase-2, decorin, syndecan 4, complement C1r subcomponent, angiogenic factor with G patch and FHA domains 1) appear to be transcriptionally regulated after PAR1 AP treatment as shown by RT-PCR. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Influence of black-oats chemical management periods on the incidence of weeds and productive performance of maizeInfluência das épocas de manejo químico da aveia-preta sobre a incidência de plantas daninhas e desempenho produtivo do milho
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Rodrigo Campagnolo
Full Text Available Maize sowing in succession to the cultivation of black oat is a practice widely adopted in southern Brazil, especially in no-tillage system. The time management of oats in relation to the sowing of corn is a determining factor, because it depends on the residence time of oat straw on the ground and may even interfere with the productivity of successor culture. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate the influence of time of chemical management of black oat on yield components of maize. The experiment was conducted at the experimental unit PUCPR – Campus Toledo, in the 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 agricultural years. The experimental design was randomized blocks with five treatments (maize sowing at 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after chemical management of black oat with four replications. For each treatment, black-oats was sown weekly, and later in the flowering stage managed chemically with 48 g L-1 a.i. of glyphosate at a dosage of 2.0 L ha-1 of the commercial product, using a spray volume of 150 L ha-1, the plants were left intact at the maize sowing period. The variables evaluated were black oat dry matter production, weed incidence, percentage of emerged plants, height of ear insertion, stem diameter, ear length and diameter, number of rows of kernels per ear, weight of 1000 and grain yield. The incidence of weeds decreased gradually decreasing the time between the management of black oat and maize sowing in both agriculture years. The time management of black oat did not affect most yield components of maize, especially productivity.A semeadura do milho em sucessão ao cultivo da aveia-preta é uma prática amplamente adotada no Sul do Brasil, especialmente em sistema de agricultura conservacionista. A época de manejo da aveia-preta em relação à semeadura do milho é um fator determinante, pois dela depende o tempo de permanência dos resíduos de aveia sobre o solo, podendo ainda interferir na produtividade da cultura sucessora. Neste
Association entre le travail par quarts et l'obésité chez les hommes dans le nord-est de l'Ontario
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Anne Grundy
Full Text Available Introduction : Même si certaines études suggèrent une association entre le travail par quarts et l'obésité, peu sont fondées sur la population ou tiennent compte de divers horaires de travail par quarts. L'obésité étant associée à plusieurs problèmes de santé chroniques, il est important de comprendre quelles formes de travail par quarts ont une incidence sur elle et d'effectuer des travaux permettant d'évaluer de façon plus détaillée l'exposition au travail par quarts. Méthodologie : Au moyen d'une régression logistique polytomique multivariée, nous avons étudié l'association entre le travail par quarts (de soir ou nuit, par quarts ou autre type de rotation et le surpoids et l'obésité, en fonction d'une mesure transversale de l'indice de masse corporelle chez 1 561 hommes. Ces hommes avaient déjà servi de témoins dans une étude cas-témoins sur le cancer de la prostate menée dans le nord-est de l'Ontario de 1995 à 1999. Nous avons obtenu l'information sur leurs antécédents de travail (notamment sur le travail par quarts, leur taille et leur poids à partir de données autodéclarées recueillies par questionnaire. Résultats : Nous avons observé une association entre le fait d'avoir déjà travaillé par quarts (par opposition au fait de n'avoir jamais travaillé par quarts et le surpoids (RC [rapport de cotes] = 1,34; IC [intervalle de confiance] à 95 % : 1,05 à 1,73 ainsi que l'obésité (RC = 1,57; IC à 95 % : 1,12 à 2,21. Nous avons également observé des associations statistiquement non significatives avec le fait d'avoir déjà travaillé (par opposition au fait de n'avoir jamais travaillé de façon permanente selon un quart de soir ou de nuit. Nous avons par ailleurs observé une tendance à la hausse statistiquement significative en ce qui concerne le risque de surpoids et d'obésité en fonction de la durée du travail par quarts. Conclusion : Tant l�
A minimally invasive approach to defects of the pars interarticularis: Restoring function in competitive athletes.
Gillis, Christopher C; Eichholz, Kurt; Thoman, William J; Fessler, Richard G
To understand that young athletes have a higher incidence of pars interarticularis defects than the general population. This may be due to an immature spine put under higher stress loads at an early age. Traditionally, surgery was reserved for those who failed conservative therapy, and consisted of open exposure, bone grafting and placement of pedicle screws. This leads to a long recovery period and limited ability to return to competitive sport. Four collegiate and professional level athletes, three high school athletes, and one member of the National Guard presented with back pain from spondylolysis without spondylolisthesis. All underwent minimally invasive surgery (MIS) to directly repair the pars defect, for a total of sixteen pars defects repaired in eight patients. Described is an application of a MIS pars repair technique that has not previously been reported, which recreates the normal anatomy rather fusing across a motion segment. Five patients were discharged the day following surgery and three were discharged on postoperative day 2. Six of the patients returned to their previous level of competitiveness. Two were unable to achieve the same level of play, both of whom failed to fuse the spondylolysis. Patients all initially reported clinical improvement postoperatively and there was overall mean improvement on patient reported outcome measures (SF36 physical and mental component scores, visual analog scale, and Oswestry disability index). MIS advantages include less muscle tissue disruption and restoration of the natural anatomy. This leads to a more rapid recovery, decreased perioperative pain, minimal blood loss, earlier mobilization and decreased hospital length of stay. Overall this allows the athlete to start therapy earlier and return to competition sooner and at his/her pre-operative competitive level. The described MIS repair technique outcomes are similar to those that have been reported in the literature and have allowed a high rate of return
TGF-β inhibits IL-1β-activated PAR-2 expression through multiple pathways in human primary synovial cells
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Fang Sheng-Shiung
Full Text Available Abstract To investigate the mechanism how Transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β represses Interleukin-1β (IL-1β-induced Proteinase-Activated Receptor-2 (PAR-2 expression in human primary synovial cells (hPSCs. Human chondrocytes and hPSCs isolated from cartilages and synovium of Osteoarthritis (OA patients were cultured with 10% fetal bovine serum media or serum free media before treatment with IL-1β, TGF-β1, or Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF. The expression of PAR-2 was detected using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR and western blotting. Collagen zymography was performed to assess the activity of Matrix metalloproteinases-13 (MMP-13. It was demonstrated that IL-1β induces PAR-2 expression via p38 pathway in hPSCs. This induction can be repressed by TGF-β and was observed to persist for at least 48 hrs, suggesting that TGF-β inhibits PAR-2 expression through multiple pathways. First of all, TGF-β was able to inhibit PAR-2 activity by inhibiting IL-1β-induced p38 signal transduction and secondly the inhibition was also indirectly due to MMP-13 inactivation. Finally, TGF-β was able to induce CTGF, and in turn CTGF represses PAR-2 expression by inhibiting IL-1β-induced phospho-p38 level. TGF-β could prevent OA from progression with the anabolic ability to induce CTGF production to maintain extracellular matrix (ECM integrity and to down regulate PAR-2 expression, and the anti-catabolic ability to induce Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP-3 production to inhibit MMPs leading to avoid PAR-2 over-expression. Because IL-1β-induced PAR-2 expressed in hPSCs might play a significantly important role in early phase of OA, PAR-2 repression by exogenous TGF-β or other agents might be an ideal therapeutic target to prevent OA from progression.
Critical incident stress management.
Lim, J J; Childs, J; Gonsalves, K
Recent studies have indicated implementation of the CISM Program has impacted and reduced the cost of workers' compensation claims for stress related conditions and the number of lost work days (Ott, 1997; Western Management Consultants, 1996). Occupational health professionals need to be ready to develop and implement a comprehensive critical incident stress management process in anticipation of a major event. The ability to organize, lead, or administer critical incident stress debriefings for affected employees is a key role for the occupational health professional. Familiarity with these concepts and the ability to identify a critical incident enhances value to the business by mitigating the stress and impact to the workplace. Critical Incident Stress Management Systems have the potential for decreasing stress and restoring employees to normal life function--a win/win situation for both the employees and the organization.
Marine Animal Incident Database
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Large whale stranding, death, ship strike and entanglement incidents are all recorded to monitor the health of each population and track anthropogenic factors that...
Police Incident Blotter (Archive)
Allegheny County / City of Pittsburgh / Western PA Regional Data Center — The Police Blotter Archive contains crime incident data after it has been validated and processed to meet Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) standards, published on a...
Prediction of Safety Incidents
National Aeronautics and Space Administration — Safety incidents, including injuries, property damage and mission failures, cost NASA and contractors thousands of dollars in direct and indirect costs. This project...
2011 Japanese Nuclear Incident
EPA's RadNet system monitored the environmental radiation levels in the United States and parts of the Pacific following the Japanese Nuclear Incident. Learn about EPA's response and view historical laboratory data and news releases.
TMS suppression of right pars triangularis, but not pars opercularis, improves naming in aphasia
Naeser, Margaret A.; Martin, Paula I.; Theoret, Hugo; Kobayashi, Masahito; Fregni, Felipe; Nicholas, Marjorie; Tormos, Jose M.; Steven, Megan S.; Baker, Errol H.; Pascual-Leone, Alvaro
This study sought to discover if an optimum 1 cm2 area in the non-damaged right hemisphere (RH) was present, which could temporarily improve naming in chronic, nonfluent aphasia patients when suppressed with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Ten minutes of slow, 1 Hz rTMS was applied to suppress different RH ROIs in eight aphasia cases. Picture naming and response time (RT) were examined before, and immediately after rTMS. In aphasia patients, suppression of right pars triangularis (PTr) led to significant increase in pictures named, and significant decrease in RT. Suppression of right pars opercularis (POp), however, led to significant increase in RT, but no change in number of pictures named. Eight normals named all pictures correctly; similar to aphasia patients, RT significantly decreased following rTMS to suppress right PTr, versus right POp. Differential effects following suppression of right PTr versus right POp suggest different functional roles for these regions. PMID:21864891
Desempenho produtivo, composição corporal e parâmetros fisiológicos de pacu alimentado com níveis crescentes de fibra Productive performance, body composition and physiological parameters of pacu fed increasing levels of fiber
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Laurindo André Rodrigues
Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos de teores de fibra bruta na dieta sobre o desempenho produtivo, composição centesimal da carcaça e parâmetros fisiológicos de juvenis de pacu. O experimento teve duração de 84 dias, e foram utilizados 360 juvenis de pacu, com peso médio de 23,97±0,59 g, distribuídos aleatóriamente em 30 tanques com 180 L de água, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com seis tratamentos (5, 7, 9, 11, 13 e 15% de fibra bruta e cinco repetições. Dietas com altos teores de fibra (11, 13 e 15% resultaram em piores taxas de ganho de peso, conversão alimentar e crescimento específico, além de menor eficiência proteica e consumo de ração. A composição da carcaça dos animais foi alterada pelo aumento do teor de fibra das dietas. Os teores de proteína e cinza tiveram aumento com o incremento nos teores de fibra. O metabolismo foi alterado com o emprego de teores crescentes de fibra, o que resultou em pequena elevação do colesterol plasmático. Teores de fibra bruta de até 9% não tiveram efeitos negativos no metabolismo; entretanto, teores acima de 11% reduziram o crescimento dos peixes.The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of dietary crude fiber contents on productive performance, carcass composition and physiological parameters of pacu juveniles. The experiment was carried out during 84 days, 360 pacu juveniles were used with mean weight 23.97±0.59 g, stocked in 30 tanks with 180 L of water, in a completely randomized design, with six treatments (5, 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15% crude fiber and five replicates. Diets with high fiber contents (11, 13 and 15% resulted in worse rates of weight gain, feed conversion, and specific growth, besides lower protein efficiency ratio and feed consumption. Carcass composition changed by increasing the contents of dietary fiber. Body contents of protein and ash increased along with the fiber levels. The metabolism changed with the use of
Information Security Incident Management
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
D. I. Persanov
Full Text Available The present report highlights the points of information security incident management in an enterprise. Some aspects of the incident and event classification are given. The author presents his view of the process scheme over the monitoring and processing information security events. Also, the report determines a few critical points of the listed process and gives the practical recommendations over its development and optimization.
Substitution de la farine de ble par la farine fermentee de manioc ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Il s'agit de substituer une partie de la farine de blé par la farine fermentée du manioc, lafu pour donner une valeur ajoutée aux racines de manioc. Les statistiques de la FAO en 1998 montrent que l'Afrique dépasse tous les autres continents en matière de production et de la qualité du manioc. Face au prix de la farine de blé ...
CALiPER Application Summary Report 20. LED PAR38 Lamps
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
This report analyzes the independently tested photometric performance of 38 LED PAR38 lamps. The test results indicate substantial improvement versus earlier CALiPER testing of similar products, and performance comparable to recent data from LED Lighting Facts and ENERGY STAR. Additional testing that focuses on performance attributes beyond those covered by LM-79-08 is planned for this group of lamps, and will be presented in subsequent reports.
Moniliophthora roreri (Cif y Par) Evans et al. en el cultivo de cacao
Sánchez Mora, Fernando David; Garcés Fiallos, Felipe Rafael
More than a century, cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) in Ecuador has been an important source of income for farmers and currency for the country, becoming one of the biggest exporters worldwide. Then, gradually lost that status due to the attack of diseases, including moniliasis caused by [Moniliophthora roreri (Cif and Par) Evans et al.]. It can cause damage of up to 80% in production. Currently there is little scientific date information on its occurrence, symptoms, etiology, epidemiology, life c...
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Spring, Martin; Johnes, Geraint; Hald, Kim Sundtoft
Productivity is increasingly critical for developed economies. It has always been important: as Paul Krugman puts it, "Productivity isn't everything, but in the long run it is almost everything. A country's ability to improve its standard of living over time depends almost entirely on its ability...... to raise its output per worker"(Krugman, 1994). Analyses of productivity have, by and large, been the preserve of economists. Operations Management (OM) is rooted in a similar concern for the efficient use of scarce resources; Management Accounting (MA) is concerned with the institutionalised measurement...... and management of productivity. Yet the three perspectives are rarely connected. This paper is a sketch of a literature review seeking to identify, contrast and reconcile these three perspectives. In so doing, it aims to strengthen the connections between policy and managerial analyses of productivity....
Bacterial mitosis: partitioning protein ParA oscillates in spiral-shaped structures and positions plasmids at mid-cell
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Ebersbach, Gitte; Gerdes, Kenn; Charbon, Gitte Ebersbach
The par2 locus of Escherichia coli plasmid pB171 encodes oscillating ATPase ParA, DNA binding protein ParB and two cis-acting DNA regions to which ParB binds (parC1 and parC2). Three independent techniques were used to investigate the subcellular localization of plasmids carrying par2. In cells w...
ParABS system in chromosome partitioning in the bacterium Myxococcus xanthus.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Antonio A Iniesta
Full Text Available Chromosome segregation is an essential cellular function in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. The ParABS system is a fundamental player for a mitosis-like process in chromosome partitioning in many bacterial species. This work shows that the social bacterium Myxococcus xanthus also uses the ParABS system for chromosome segregation. Its large prokaryotic genome of 9.1 Mb contains 22 parS sequences near the origin of replication, and it is shown here that M. xanthus ParB binds preferentially to a consensus parS sequence in vitro. ParB and ParA are essential for cell viability in M. xanthus as in Caulobacter crescentus, but unlike in many other bacteria. Absence of ParB results in anucleate cells, chromosome segregation defects and loss of viability. Analysis of ParA subcellular localization shows that it clusters at the poles in all cells, and in some, in the DNA-free cell division plane between two chromosomal DNA masses. This ParA localization pattern depends on ParB but not on FtsZ. ParB inhibits the nonspecific interaction of ParA with DNA, and ParA colocalizes with chromosomal DNA only when ParB is depleted. The subcellular localization of ParB suggests a single ParB-parS complex localized at the edge of the nucleoid, next to a polar ParA cluster, with a second ParB-parS complex migrating after the replication of parS takes place to the opposite nucleoid edge, next to the other polar ParA cluster.
The protein kinase SIK downregulates the polarity protein Par3
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Vanlandewijck, Michael; Dadras, Mahsa Shahidi; Lomnytska, Marta
that SIK can potentially phosphorylate the polarity complex protein Par3, an established regulator of tight junction assembly. SIK associates with Par3, and induces degradation of Par3 that can be prevented by proteasomal and lysosomal inhibition or by mutation of Ser885, a putative phosphorylation site...... protein. HighSIKmRNA expression also correlates with lower chance for survival in various carcinomas. In specific human breast cancer samples, aneuploidy of tumor cells best correlated with cytoplasmic SIK distribution, and SIK expression correlated with TGFβ/Smad signaling activity and low...... or undetectable expression of Par3. Our model suggests that SIK can act directly on the polarity protein Par3 to regulate tight junction assembly....
Recombination in the human Pseudoautosomal region PAR1.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Anjali G Hinch
Full Text Available The pseudoautosomal region (PAR is a short region of homology between the mammalian X and Y chromosomes, which has undergone rapid evolution. A crossover in the PAR is essential for the proper disjunction of X and Y chromosomes in male meiosis, and PAR deletion results in male sterility. This leads the human PAR with the obligatory crossover, PAR1, to having an exceptionally high male crossover rate, which is 17-fold higher than the genome-wide average. However, the mechanism by which this obligatory crossover occurs remains unknown, as does the fine-scale positioning of crossovers across this region. Recent research in mice has suggested that crossovers in PAR may be mediated independently of the protein PRDM9, which localises virtually all crossovers in the autosomes. To investigate recombination in this region, we construct the most fine-scale genetic map containing directly observed crossovers to date using African-American pedigrees. We leverage recombination rates inferred from the breakdown of linkage disequilibrium in human populations and investigate the signatures of DNA evolution due to recombination. Further, we identify direct PRDM9 binding sites using ChIP-seq in human cells. Using these independent lines of evidence, we show that, in contrast with mouse, PRDM9 does localise peaks of recombination in the human PAR1. We find that recombination is a far more rapid and intense driver of sequence evolution in PAR1 than it is on the autosomes. We also show that PAR1 hotspot activities differ significantly among human populations. Finally, we find evidence that PAR1 hotspot positions have changed between human and chimpanzee, with no evidence of sharing among the hottest hotspots. We anticipate that the genetic maps built and validated in this work will aid research on this vital and fascinating region of the genome.
Incorporating GOES Satellite Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) Retrievals to Improve Biogenic Emission Estimates in Texas
Zhang, Rui; White, Andrew T.; Pour Biazar, Arastoo; McNider, Richard T.; Cohan, Daniel S.
This study examines the influence of insolation and cloud retrieval products from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) system on biogenic emission estimates and ozone simulations in Texas. Compared to surface pyranometer observations, satellite-retrieved insolation and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) values tend to systematically correct the overestimation of downwelling shortwave radiation in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The correlation coefficient increases from 0.93 to 0.97, and the normalized mean error decreases from 36% to 21%. The isoprene and monoterpene emissions estimated by the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature are on average 20% and 5% less, respectively, when PAR from the direct satellite retrieval is used rather than the control WRF run. The reduction in biogenic emission rates using satellite PAR reduced the predicted maximum daily 8 h ozone concentration by up to 5.3 ppbV over the Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW) region on some days. However, episode average ozone response is less sensitive, with a 0.6 ppbV decrease near DFW and 0.3 ppbV increase over East Texas. The systematic overestimation of isoprene concentrations in a WRF control case is partially corrected by using satellite PAR, which observes more clouds than are simulated by WRF. Further, assimilation of GOES-derived cloud fields in WRF improved CAMx model performance for ground-level ozone over Texas. Additionally, it was found that using satellite PAR improved the model's ability to replicate the spatial pattern of satellite-derived formaldehyde columns and aircraft-observed vertical profiles of isoprene.
Effects of thrombin, PAR-1 activating peptide and a PAR-1 antagonist on umbilical artery resistance in vitro
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Elliott John T
Full Text Available Abstract Background The non-thrombotic effects of thrombin in cardiovascular tissues, as mediated via the protease activated receptors (PARs, and particularly PAR-1, have been the focus of much recent research. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of thrombin, a specific PAR-1 activating peptide (PAR1-AP, and a PAR-1 antagonist on human umbilical artery tone in vitro. Methods Human umbilical artery samples were obtained from 17 women at term. Arterial rings were suspended under physiologic conditions for isometric recording. The in vitro effects of thrombin (0.5 units/mL to 3 units/mL, PAR1-AP TFLLR-NH2 [10(-9 to 10(-6 M], and PAR-1 antagonist (N-trans cinnamoyl- p-fluoroPhe-p-guanidinoPhe-Leu-Arg-Orn-NH2 [10(-9 M to 10(-5 M] on umbilical artery tone were measured. Results Both thrombin and TFLLR-NH2 exerted a potent cumulative vasodilatory effect on human umbilical artery resistance (P 0.05. Conclusion These findings highlight a potential role for thrombin and PAR-1 receptors in vascular regulation of feto-placental blood flow in normal pregnancy, and in association with the vascular lesions associated with IUGR and pre-eclampsia.
Productivity, chlorophyll a, Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) and other phytoplankton data from the Arctic Ocean, Bering Sea, Chukchi Sea, Beaufort Sea, East Siberian Sea, Kara Sea, Barents Sea, and Arctic Archipelago measured between 17 April, 1954 and 30 May, 2006 compiled as part of the Arctic System Science Primary Production (ARCSS-PP) observational synthesis project (NODC Accession 0063065)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Arctic Ocean primary production data were assembled from original input data archived in various international databases, provided by individual investigators or in...
Estudo dos parâmetros Psicométricos do Teste Gestáltico Viso-Motor de Bender entre 2001 e 2011 = The Scientific Production About the Psychometric Parameters of Teste Gestáltico Viso-Motor of Bender between 2001 and 2011
Suehiro, Adriana Cristina Boulhoça; Gaino, Silvana Batista; Meireles, Everson
Este estudo investigou a produção científica sobre o Teste Gestáltico Viso-Motor de Bender e, especialmente, sobre os seus parâmetros psicométricos entre 2001 e 2011. Dezessete relatos de pesquisa foram analisados com base na quantidade de artigos publicados por revista e por ano, distribuição da produção por origem, natureza da autoria, critérios de avaliação utilizados, método de análise e parâmetros psicométricos estudados. As produções se concentraram na revista Avaliação Psicológica e no...
Desempenho produtivo e parâmetros de carcaça de cordeiros mantidos em pastos irrigados e suplementados com doses crescentes de concentrado = Productive performance and carcass traits of lambs grazing on irrigated pastures and receiving increasing concentrate levels
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Rafael Araújo Souza
Full Text Available O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho produtivo e os parâmetros de carcaça de ovinos terminados em pastos irrigados de Tifton 85 que receberam doses crescentes de concentrado. Foram comparadas quatro doses de concentrado (0; 0,66; 1,33 e 2,00% da matéria seca - MS em relação ao peso corporal dos animais. O período experimental foi de 84 dias, divididos em quatro sub-períodos de 21 dias. Foram utilizados 24 animais testadores, machos, castrados, da raça Santa Inês com peso corporal médio inicial de 20,5 ± 3,8 kg. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado com seis repetições. O aumento no teor de concentrado proporcionou maior peso corporal final, ganho médio diário, ganho de peso total, escore de gordura pélvico-renal, consumo de matéria seca total, comprimento externo da carcaça, largura da garupa, largura do tórax, profundidade do tórax, perímetro da garupa e perímetro do pernil, além de menor consumo de forragem e contagem de ovos por grama de fezes. Entretanto, o rendimento de carcaça quente não foi influenciado pelas doses de suplemento concentrado. O aumento nas doses de concentrado para ovinos mantidos em pastagens de Tifton 85 melhorou o desempenho produtivo e o peso da carcaça.The objective of this present study was to evaluate the productive performance and carcass traits of lambs finished on Tifton 85 irrigated pastures and receiving increasing levels of concentrate. Four levels of concentrate were compared on a dry matter basis (0, 0.66, 1.33 and 2.00% in relation to the body weight of animals. The experimental period was 84 days, divided into four sub-periods of 21 days. Twentyfour Santa Ines male sheep, castrated, weighting 20.5 kg, were used as testers. The experimental design was completely randomized with six replications. The increase in concentrate levelspromoted higher final body weight, average daily gain, total weight gain, total dry matter intake, pelvic-renal fat
Movement and equipositioning of plasmids by ParA filament disassembly
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Ringgaard, Simon; van Zon, Jeroen; Howard, Martin
Bacterial plasmids encode partitioning (par) loci that confer stable plasmid inheritance. We showed previously that, in the presence of ParB and parC encoded by the par2 locus of plasmid pB171, ParA formed cytoskeletal-like structures that dynamically relocated over the nucleoid. Simultaneously......, the par2 locus distributed plasmids regularly over the nucleoid. We show here that the dynamic ParA patterns are not simple oscillations. Rather, ParA nucleates and polymerizes in between plasmids. When a ParA assembly reaches a plasmid, the assembly reaction reverses into disassembly. Strikingly......, plasmids consistently migrate behind disassembling ParA cytoskeletal structures, suggesting that ParA filaments pull plasmids by depolymerization. The perpetual cycles of ParA assembly and disassembly result in continuous relocation of plasmids, which, on time averaging, results in equidistribution...
Radiation incidents in dentistry
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Lovelock, D.J.
Most dental practitioners act as their own radiographer and radiologist, unlike their medical colleagues. Virtually all dental surgeons have a dental X-ray machine for intraoral radiography available to them and 40% of dental practices have equipment for dental panoramic tomography. Because of the low energy of X-ray equipment used in dentistry, radiation incidents tend to be less serious than those associated with other aspects of patient care. Details of 47 known incidents are given. The advent of the 1985 and 1988 Ionising Radiation Regulations has made dental surgeons more aware of the hazards of radiation. These regulations, and general health and safety legislation, have led to a few dental surgeons facing legal action. Because of the publicity associated with these court cases, it is expected that there will be a decrease in radiation incidents arising from the practice of dentistry. (author)
African Journals Online (AJOL)
answered satisfactorily. An additional important factor in discouraging collaborative work in animal and grassland production is, without doubt, the complexity of work in this field compared with much of that in the individual discipline and, in particular, the com- plexity of work on forage as a source of nutrients for live- stock.
Compared sensitivity of two nuclear sites: case of farming production contaminated by foliar way (chronicle release) S.E.N.S.I.B. project; Sensibilite comparee de deux sites nucleaires: cas des productions agricoles contaminees par voie foliaire (rejet chronique) Projet SENSIB
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Mercat, C.; Vassas, C
This study joins within the framework of the S.E.N.S.I.B. project. The principle is to set up a step which allows to compare the sensitivity of two sites in case of radioisotopes releases; as illustration the sites of Marcoule and La Hague are considered. We are interested here in the case of the agricultural productions contaminated by foliar way during an atmospheric chronic release. Every site is characterized by specific vegetable and animal productions. The calculations of activities give an information about the sensitivity of products (mass and surface activities) and on the sensitivity of the Communes ( total activities). The contamination is supposed to be only made about foliar transfer. The studied radioisotopes are the cesium{sup 137}, the cobalt{sup 60}, the strontium{sup 90} and the iodine{sup 131}. For the cesium{sup 137} and the cobalt{sup 60}, the agricultural environment of the site of Marcoule seems globally more sensitive than that of La Hague, in the mean where the total activity in becquerels exported by the agricultural productions produced on the zone of 10 km around the site is more important for Marcoule than for La Hague. For the strontium{sup 90} and for the iodine{sup 131}, both agricultural environments are globally equivalent. This study which privileged the consideration of the regional specificities shows that the key factors of sensitivity are respectively the topographic situation for the deposit, the factor of translocation and the farming output for the vegetable productions and the daily food ration and the factor of transfer for the animal productions. (N.C.)
PSD-Constrained PAR Reduction for DMT/OFDM
Andgart, Niklas; Krongold, Brian S.; Ödling, Per; Johansson, Albin; Börjesson, Per Ola
Common to all DMT/OFDM systems is a large peak-to-average ratio (PAR), which can lead to low power efficiency and nonlinear distortion. Tone reservation uses unused or reserved tones to design a peak-canceling signal to lower the PAR of a transmit block. In DMT ADSL systems, the power allocated to these tones may be limited due to crosstalk issues with many users in one twisted pair bundle. This PSD limitation not only limits PAR reduction ability, but also makes the optimization problem more challenging to solve. Extending the recently proposed active set tone reservation method, we develop an efficient algorithm with performance close to the optimal solution.
The conditioning of radioactive waste by bitumen; Conditionnement des dechets radioactifs par le bitume
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rodier, J.; Scheidhauer, J.; Malabre, M. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Chusclan (France). Centre de Production de Plutonium de Marcoule
The separation of radioactive sludge and waste by bitumen is studied. Results are given concerning various trials carried out on the lixiviation of the final product by water as a function of the pH, of the time, and of the composition. The conditions for carrying out this process of coating the waste are controlled from a radioactive point of view. (author) [French] L'isolement de boues radioactives et de dechets par le bitume est etudie. Les resultats de divers essais portant sur la lixiviation par l'eau du produit fini en fonction du pH, du temps et de la composition sont exposes. Les conditions de realisation de l'enrobage sont controlees au point de vue du risque radioactif. (auteur)
Design of an equipment for the testing of target dedicated to the production of radioactive ions through the ISOL method; Realisation d'un dispositif de test de cibles pour la production d'ions radioactifs par la methode ISOL
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Durantel, F
In the ISOL (isotope separation on line) technique, a primary ion beam impinges on a thick target, the incident ions are stopped through fragmentation reactions that generate radioactive nuclei. As soon as they have collected enough electrons, the radioactive nuclei begin diffusing outside the target as radioactive atoms. In order to improve this diffusion the target is strongly heated. The radioactive atoms diffuse till a ion source that ionize them, they are then accelerated to form a secondary beam that is delivered to the experimental area. This work deals with the design of an equipment able to measure the diffusion capacities of various targets, it is made up of -) a high temperature (> 2300 K) oven that will contain the target, -) a ionization source for ionizing radioactive atoms and -) a target dispatcher able to introduce in the oven or remove from the oven any target of a set of 12 targets. This equipment has proved to be able to test during a single experiment several primary beams and target materials. Measurements will be performed in a sequential way for the different projectile-target couples which will assure very closed experimental conditions for each measuring campaign. (A.C.)
Par-baked Bread Technology: Formulation and Process Studies to Improve Quality.
Almeida, Eveline Lopes; Steel, Caroline Joy; Chang, Yoon Kil
Extending the shelf-life of bakery products has been an important requirement resulting from the mechanization of this industry and the need to increase the distance for the distribution of final products, caused by the increase in production and consumer demand. Technologies based on the interruption of the breadmaking process represent an alternative to overcome product staling and microbiological deterioration. The production of par-baked breads is one of these technologies. It consists of baking the bread in two stages, and due to the possibility of retarding the second stage, it can be said that the bread can always be offered fresh to the consumer. The technology inserts logistics as part of the production process and creates the "hot point" concept, these being the locations where the bread is finalized, such as in the consumers' homes or sales locations. In this work, a review of the papers published on this subject was carried out, and aspects related to both the formulation and the process were considered. This technology still faces a few challenges, such as solving bread quality problems that appear due to process modifications, and these will also be considered. The market for these breads has grown rapidly and the bakery industry searches innovations related to par-baked bread technology.
Incidents in nuclear installations
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Franzen, L.F.; Wienhold, W.
With reference to the incident list of the Ministry for the period 1971-74, Prof. Bechert has expressed a lot of questions and statements in a letter to the Government. The letter is quoted in full. Inadequate conclusions drawn by Prof. Bechert in connection with quotations from daily newspapers and other documents are put right. (HP) [de
Lightning incidents in Mongolia
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Myagmar Doljinsuren
Full Text Available This is one of the first studies that has been conducted in Mongolia on the distribution of lightning incidents. The study covers a 10-year period from 2004 to 2013. The country records a human death rate of 15.4 deaths per 10 million people per year, which is much higher than that of many countries with similar isokeraunic level. The reason may be the low-grown vegetation observed in most rural areas of Mongolia, a surface topography, typical to steppe climate. We suggest modifications to Gomes–Kadir equation for such countries, as it predicts a much lower annual death rate for Mongolia. The lightning incidents spread over the period from May to August with the peak of the number of incidents occurring in July. The worst lightning affected region in the country is the central part. Compared with impacts of other convective disasters such as squalls, thunderstorms and hail, lightning stands as the second highest in the number of incidents, human deaths and animal deaths. Economic losses due to lightning is only about 1% of the total losses due to the four extreme weather phenomena. However, unless precautionary measures are not promoted among the public, this figure of losses may significantly increase with time as the country is undergoing rapid industrialization at present.
Fire Incident Reporting Manual
the result of an incident that requires (or should require) treatment by a practitioner of medicine , a registered emergency medical technician, or a...UNANNOUNCED AIRCRAFT EMERGENCYS ~~PRIOR TO TAKE OFF OR AFTERLADN 5 FUEL OPERATIONS REQUIRING 1AREING G A FIRE10 ARRESTING GEAR'BARRIER FR . ENGAGEMENTS AND
Aspectos produtivos da raça Pardo-Suíça no Brasil: Fatores de ajustamento, produção de leite e de gordura, e parâmetros genéticos Productive aspects of the brown Swiss Breed in Brazil: Adjustment factors, milk and fat yields, and genetic parameters
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Francisco Palma Rennó
Full Text Available Foi realizado um estudo sobre o desempenho produtivo da raça Pardo-Suíça com o objetivo de estimar fatores de ajustamento, avaliar fatores de ambiente e genéticos que influenciam a produção de leite, de gordura e a porcentagem de gordura, e estimar parâmetros genéticos para estas características produtivas. Foram avaliadas 11189 lactações de 5382 vacas Pardo-Suíças, de 1980 a 1999, oriundas de 201 rebanhos, sendo os registros de produção do serviço de controle leiteiro realizado pela Associação Brasileira de Criadores de Gado Pardo-Suíço. As lactações foram ajustadas por meio de fatores multiplicativos de ajustamento para duas ordenhas, períodos de lactação de 305 dias e produção a idade adulta. As médias estimadas, os respectivos desvios-padrão e os coeficientes de variação da produção de leite, produção de gordura e percentagem de gordura foram 5791,50 ± 1211,58 kg e 20,92%; 217,25 ± 47,36 kg e 21,80% e 3,78 ± 0,34 e 9,16%, respectivamente. Os efeitos de ano e época de partos, interação ano-época de partos, rebanho e grupo genético influenciaram as características estudadas, com exceção da época de partos sobre a percentagem de gordura. Os coeficientes de herdabilidade e repetibilidade estimados para a produção de leite e gordura foram 0,37e 0,40, e 0,36 e 0,37, respectivamente. A correlação genética entre a produção de leite e de gordura encontrada neste estudo foi de 0,96. Os resultados obtidos revelam a necessidade do ajustamento das produções de leite e gordura para os efeitos avaliados. As médias de produção de leite, de gordura e à percentagem de gordura apresentada demonstram o elevado desempenho produtivo da raça Pardo-Suíça nos rebanhos brasileiros.A study was carried on performance of the Brown Swiss cattle with the objective of estimating adjustment factors, evaluate some environment and genetics factors that affect milk and fat yields and fat percentage, and estimate
Protease-activated receptor (PAR2, but not PAR1, is involved in collateral formation and anti-inflammatory monocyte polarization in a mouse hind limb ischemia model.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Lisa G van den Hengel
Full Text Available AIMS: In collateral development (i.e. arteriogenesis, mononuclear cells are important and exist as a heterogeneous population consisting of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory/repair-associated cells. Protease-activated receptor (PAR1 and PAR2 are G-protein-coupled receptors that are both expressed by mononuclear cells and are involved in pro-inflammatory reactions, while PAR2 also plays a role in repair-associated responses. Here, we investigated the physiological role of PAR1 and PAR2 in arteriogenesis in a murine hind limb ischemia model. METHODS AND RESULTS: PAR1-deficient (PAR1-/-, PAR2-deficient (PAR2-/- and wild-type (WT mice underwent femoral artery ligation. Laser Doppler measurements revealed reduced post-ischemic blood flow recovery in PAR2-/- hind limbs when compared to WT, while PAR1-/- mice were not affected. Upon ischemia, reduced numbers of smooth muscle actin (SMA-positive collaterals and CD31-positive capillaries were found in PAR2-/- mice when compared to WT mice, whereas these parameters in PAR1-/- mice did not differ from WT mice. The pool of circulating repair-associated (Ly6C-low monocytes and the number of repair-associated (CD206-positive macrophages surrounding collaterals in the hind limbs were increased in WT and PAR1-/- mice, but unaffected in PAR2-/- mice. The number of repair-associated macrophages in PAR2-/- hind limbs correlated with CD11b- and CD115-expression on the circulating monocytes in these animals, suggesting that monocyte extravasation and M-CSF-dependent differentiation into repair-associated cells are hampered. CONCLUSION: PAR2, but not PAR1, is involved in arteriogenesis and promotes the repair-associated response in ischemic tissues. Therefore, PAR2 potentially forms a new pro-arteriogenic target in coronary artery disease (CAD patients.
Positron Accumulator Ring (PAR) power supply
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Fathizadeh, M.
The Positron Accumulator Ring (PAR) consists of 8 dipole magnets connected in series. These magnets are energized via one 12-pulse dc power supply. The power supply consists of four phase controlled half-wave wye group converters. Each of the two half-wave converters are connected through an interphase transformer to obtain a full-wave converter with 120 degrees conduction. The input voltage for these two half-wave converters are 180 degrees apart. The two full-wave converters are connected in parallel through a third interphase transformer. This type of connection of the converters not only provides the required output current, it also improves the input power factor of the power supply. The output of the wye group converters is filtered through a passive L-R-C filter to reduce the ripple content of the output current. At low current values of the power supply the current ripple is high, thus a large filter is needed, which adds to the cost of the power supply, however at high output current levels, the current ripple is less severe. The large size of the filter can be reduced by adding an anti-parallel rectifier diode(D1) to the output of the power supply. A freewheeling diode(D2) is connected before the choke to circulate the current once the power supply is turned off. In order to measure the current in the magnet a high precision, low drift, zero flux current transductor is used. This transductor senses the magnet current which provides a feedback signal to control the gating of the converter's thyristors. A true 14 bit Digital to Analog Converter (DAC) is programmed by the control computer for the required current value, providing a reference for the current regulator. Fast correction of the line transients is provided by a relatively fast voltage loop controlled by a high gain slow response current loop
Parálisis cerebral Cerebral palsy
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Jorge Malagon Valdez
Full Text Available El término parálisis cerebral (PC engloba a un gran número de síndromes neurológicos clínicos, de etiología diversa. Estos síndromes se caracterizan por tener una sintomatología común: los trastornos motores. Algunos autores prefieren manejar términos como "encefalopatía fija", "encefalopatías no evolutivas". Se mencionan la utilidad de programas de intervención temprana y métodos especiales de rehabilitación, así como el manejo de las deficiencias asociadas como la epilepsia, deficiencia mental, trastornos del lenguaje, audición, visión, déficit de la atención que mejoran el pronóstico de manera significativa. El pronóstico también depende de la gravedad del padecimiento y de las manifestaciones asociadas.The term cerebral palsy (CP, is used for a great number of clinical neurological syndromes. The syndromes are characterized by having a common cause, motor defects. It is important, because they can cause a brain damage by presenting motor defects and some associated deficiencies, such as mental deficiency, epilepsy, language and visual defects and pseudobulbar paralysis, with the nonevolving fact. Some authors prefer using terms such as "non-evolving encephalopathies". In the treatment the utility of prevention programs of early stimulation and special rehabilitation methods, and treatment of associated deficiencies such as epilepsy, mental deficiency, language, audition and visual problems, and the attention deficit improve the prognosis in an important way. The prognosis depends on the severity of the disease and the associated manifestations.
L'impact des développements scientifiques sur la résolution des problèmes techniques posés par la nouvelle conjoncture dans l'exploration et la production du pétrole Impact of Scientific Developments on the Solving of Technical Problems Raised by the New Economic Situation in Oil Exploration and Production
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Tissot B.
Full Text Available Dans les circonstances difficiles que traverse l'exploration et la production du pétrole, le savoir-faire technologique, associé à la maîtrise des coûts, seront pour l'industrie pétrolière et parapétrolière des atouts essentiels. On envisage ici l'impact prévisible des développements scientifiques sur la résolution des problèmes techniques dans l'exploration et la production. Les principales disciplines scientifiques concernées (géologie, géophysique, géochimie, mécanique des roches et des sols, mécanique des fluides, physicochimie des interfaces ainsi que trois techniques de base (modélisation, systèmes experts, matériaux nouveaux sont examinées dans ce sens. En particulier,la modélisation numérique voit son importance croître de manière spectaculaire : elle couvre désormais des domaines nouveaux, comme les Sciences de la Terre, et continue à s'enrichir de développements importants, même dans les secteurs où on l'utilise depuis 20 ans comme la production. Ces évolutions s'accompagneront nécessairement d'ajustements dans la formation des hommes et le fonctionnement des organisations; en particulier un espace nouveau pourrait se dégager pour de petites entreprises de conseil et de service plus riches en matière grise qu'en investissements lourds. In the difficult circumstances now confronting oil exploration and production, technical know-how combined with cost control will be essential assets for the petroleum and petroleum equipment and service industries. This article considers the foreseeable impact of scientific developments on the solving of technical problems in exploration and production. The principal scientific disciplines involved (geology, geophysics, geochemistry, rock and soil mechanics, fluid mechanics, interface physicochemistry as well as three basic techniques (modeling, expert systems, new materials are examined within this context. In particular, numerical modeling is increasing in
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Persson, Morten; Skovgaard, Dorthe; Brandt-Larsen, Malene
A first-in-human clinical trial with Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) in patients with breast, prostate and bladder cancer, is described. uPAR is expressed in many types of human cancers and the expression is predictive...... of invasion, metastasis and indicates poor prognosis. uPAR PET imaging therefore holds promise to be a new and innovative method for improved cancer diagnosis, staging and individual risk stratification. The uPAR specific peptide AE105 was conjugated to the macrocyclic chelator DOTA and labeled with (64)Cu...... for targeted molecular imaging with PET. The safety, pharmacokinetic, biodistribution profile and radiation dosimetry after a single intravenous dose of (64)Cu-DOTA-AE105 were assessed by serial PET and computed tomography (CT) in 4 prostate, 3 breast and 3 bladder cancer patients. Safety assessment...
Estuarine and offshore fishing yield statistics and fishery policies in the state of Pará
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ivan Furtado Júnior
Full Text Available The coast of Pará State extends for 562 km and it counts on 123 artisan-fishing communities, distributed along 17 coastal municipal districts. In this area of the State, it highlights the presence of growth of mangroves, streams, rivers and estuaries. All those factors that favor the fishing productivity hinder the systematic control of the landings a lot and with consequence in obtaining fishing production statistics. This work objective is to present the statistics of fishing production for species in landing volume, in the estuarine and marine areas of Pará Estate and to analyze the fishing police for the systems of industrial and artisan production in the period from 1997 to 2003. To esteem the fishing productions of the estuarine and marine areas in Pará State. There was monthly control on the boat in activity for type of fishing gear used and accomplished samples of the landings of each one of those combinations of boat fishing gear. In the studied area, the municipal districts that concentrate the largest landings are Belém, Bragança and Vigia. The tuna and billfish captures started having some importance from 2000 in Belém City and from 2002 in Belém city and municipal district of Curuçá. The species or groups of more important species in capture volume are yellow weakfish, Thomas sea catfish, Spanish mackerel, sharks, Caribbean red snapper, king weakfish, crab, marine catfish and shrimp and, in economic, value lobsters, shrimp and Caribbean red snapper.
Increasing cloudiness in Arctic damps the increase in phytoplankton primary production due to sea ice receding
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
S. Bélanger
Full Text Available The Arctic Ocean and its marginal seas are among the marine regions most affected by climate change. Here we present the results of a diagnostic model used to assess the primary production (PP trends over the 1998–2010 period at pan-Arctic, regional and local (i.e. 9.28 km resolution scales. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR above and below the sea surface was estimated using precomputed look-up tables of spectral irradiance, taking as input satellite-derived cloud optical thickness and cloud fraction parameters from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP and sea ice concentration from passive microwaves data. A spectrally resolved PP model, designed for optically complex waters, was then used to assess the PP trends at high spatial resolution. Results show that PP is rising at a rate of +2.8 TgC yr−1 (or +14% decade−1 in the circum-Arctic and +5.1 TgC yr−1 when sub-Arctic seas are considered. In contrast, incident PAR above the sea surface (PAR(0+ has significantly decreased over the whole Arctic and sub-Arctic Seas, except over the perennially sea-ice covered waters of the Central Arctic Ocean. This fading of PAR(0+ (−8% decade−1 was caused by increasing cloudiness during summer. Meanwhile, PAR penetrating the ocean (PAR(0− increased only along the sea ice margin over the large Arctic continental shelf where sea ice concentration declined sharply since 1998. Overall, PAR(0− slightly increased in the circum-Arctic (+3.4% decade−1, while it decreased when considering both Arctic and sub-Arctic Seas (−3% decade−1. We showed that rising phytoplankton biomass (i.e. chlorophyll a normalized by the diffuse attenuation of photosynthetically usable radiation (PUR, accounted for a larger proportion of the rise in PP than did the increase in light availability due to sea-ice loss in several sectors, and particularly in perennially and seasonally open waters. Against a general backdrop of rising
Priapisme induit par la chlorpromazine: A propos de deux cas
African Journals Online (AJOL)
I. Marrag
stratégies thérapeutiques par les cliniciens permet de préserver la vie sexuelle des patients, souvent touchée par la prescription des traitements psychotropes. Consentement. Le consentement des patients etait demande et approuve. Assentiment du comité d'étique. La comité d'éthique a approuvé ce travail sans qu'il est ...
Prise en charge des intoxications par envenimation chez les enfants ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Les signes cliniques étaient dominés par les douleurs (98%) suivies des hémorragies (73,80%) pour les morsures de serpent, la douleur pour les piqures de scorpion (100%) et les oedèmes pour les piqures d'abeilles (100%). Les cas de morsure de serpent ont été traités par le sérum antivenimeux polyvalent. Conclusion: ...
Analysis of ParB-centromere interactions by multiplex SPR imaging reveals specific patterns for binding ParB in six centromeres of Burkholderiales chromosomes and plasmids.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Flavien Pillet
Full Text Available Bacterial centromeres-also called parS, are cis-acting DNA sequences which, together with the proteins ParA and ParB, are involved in the segregation of chromosomes and plasmids. The specific binding of ParB to parS nucleates the assembly of a large ParB/DNA complex from which ParA-the motor protein, segregates the sister replicons. Closely related families of partition systems, called Bsr, were identified on the chromosomes and large plasmids of the multi-chromosomal bacterium Burkholderia cenocepacia and other species from the order Burkholeriales. The centromeres of the Bsr partition families are 16 bp palindromes, displaying similar base compositions, notably a central CG dinucleotide. Despite centromeres bind the cognate ParB with a narrow specificity, weak ParB-parS non cognate interactions were nevertheless detected between few Bsr partition systems of replicons not belonging to the same genome. These observations suggested that Bsr partition systems could have a common ancestry but that evolution mostly erased the possibilities of cross-reactions between them, in particular to prevent replicon incompatibility. To detect novel similarities between Bsr partition systems, we have analyzed the binding of six Bsr parS sequences and a wide collection of modified derivatives, to their cognate ParB. The study was carried out by Surface Plasmon Resonance imaging (SPRi mulitplex analysis enabling a systematic survey of each nucleotide position within the centromere. We found that in each parS some positions could be changed while maintaining binding to ParB. Each centromere displays its own pattern of changes, but some positions are shared more or less widely. In addition from these changes we could speculate evolutionary links between these centromeres.
Socioeconomic diagnosis of cheese producers of Marajó, state of Pará, Brazil
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Vitória Nazaré Costa Seixas
Full Text Available The aim of this research was to diagnose the socioeconomic conditions of cheese producers from three municipalities of Marajó Island, Pará state, Brazil. Manufacture process, hygienic-sanitary conditions in handmade cheese production and its commercialization were some features analysed for both cream-type and butter-type cheeses. During the survey, conducted from March to September 2012 questionnaires were applied to ten Marajó's cheese producers. The cheese fabrication was characterized as a handmade process, employing family labor, most over ten years of experience. The production has a small scale, uses rudimentary technologies, lacks proper infrastructure for the processing of the product and has unsatisfactory hygienic-sanitary conditions. Commercialization is mainly by direct sale on the ship that travels to Belém city, capital of Pará state. Interviewed producers showed good reception to knowledge that can improve quality of the product, but they need a better guidance. In this context, the transfer of information is essential to sustain the production of these cheeses and preserve local culture, contributing to the economic and social development of producers regions.
Constipation and Incident CKD.
Sumida, Keiichi; Molnar, Miklos Z; Potukuchi, Praveen K; Thomas, Fridtjof; Lu, Jun Ling; Matsushita, Kunihiro; Yamagata, Kunihiro; Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar; Kovesdy, Csaba P
Constipation is one of the most prevalent conditions in primary care settings and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, potentially through processes mediated by altered gut microbiota. However, little is known about the association of constipation with CKD. In a nationwide cohort of 3,504,732 United States veterans with an eGFR ≥60 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 , we examined the association of constipation status and severity (absent, mild, or moderate/severe), defined using diagnostic codes and laxative use, with incident CKD, incident ESRD, and change in eGFR in Cox models (for time-to-event analyses) and multinomial logistic regression models (for change in eGFR). Among patients, the mean (SD) age was 60.0 (14.1) years old; 93.2% of patients were men, and 24.7% were diabetic. After multivariable adjustments, compared with patients without constipation, patients with constipation had higher incidence rates of CKD (hazard ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.11 to 1.14) and ESRD (hazard ratio, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.18) and faster eGFR decline (multinomial odds ratios for eGFR slope constipation associated with an incrementally higher risk for each renal outcome. In conclusion, constipation status and severity associate with higher risk of incident CKD and ESRD and with progressive eGFR decline, independent of known risk factors. Further studies should elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Copyright © 2017 by the American Society of Nephrology.
Cancer incidence among firefighters
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Pukkala, Eero; Martinsen, Jan Ivar; Weiderpass, Elisabete
.51), adenocarcinoma of the lung (SIR=1.90, 95% CI 1.34 to 2.62), and mesothelioma (SIR=2.59, 95% CI 1.24 to 4.77). By contrast with earlier studies, the incidence of testicular cancer was decreased (SIR=0.51, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.98). CONCLUSIONS: Some of these associations have been observed previously, and potential...
Cancer incidence among waiters
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Reijula, Jere; Kjaerheim, Kristina; Lynge, Elsebeth
AIMS: To study cancer risk patterns among waiters in the Nordic countries. METHODS: We identified a cohort of 16,134 male and 81,838 female waiters from Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. During the follow-up period from 1961 to 2005, we found that 19,388 incident cancer cases were...... diagnosed. Standardised incidence ratio (SIR) was defined as the observed number of cancer cases divided by the expected number, based on national age, time period and gender-specific cancer incidence rates in the general population. RESULTS: The SIR of all cancers in waiters, in the five countries combined......, was 1.46 (95% CI 1.41-1.51) in men and 1.09 (1.07-1.11) in women. In male waiters, the SIR decreased from 1.79 (1.63-1.96) in 1961-1975, to 1.33 (1.26-1.40) in 1991-2005, but remained stable among women. The SIR among male waiters was highest for cancers in the pharynx (6.11; 95% CI 5.02-7.37), oral...
Cross sections of production of J / {psi}, {psi}` resonances and of the Drell-Yan process in the Pb-Pb interactions with 158 GeV / c per nucleon; Section efficaces de production des resonances J / {psi}, {psi}` et du processus Drell-Yan dans les interactions Pb-Pb a 158 GeV / c par nucleon
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Bellaiche, F
In the framework of the experimental research for the quark and gluons plasma formation in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions, data obtained by the NA50 collaboration at SPS-CERN are analysed. The segmented target used by NA50 experiment is described and analysed in terms of vertex identification efficiency and re-interactions recognition. The absolute J/{psi}, {psi}`and Drell-Yan process cross-sections in 158 GeV/c per nucleon Pb-Pb interactions are extracted. The transverse energy dependence of the production yield of J/{psi} and Drell-Yan process is established. The comparison of these cross-sections with the ones measured in lighter systems and the comparison of the E dependence of J/{psi} production with the Glauber model prediction show an anomalous J/{psi} suppression observed in Pb-Pb interactions is confronted to theoretical models proposed by several authors, describing charmonium bound states formation and interactions is confronted to theoretical models proposed by several authors, describing charmonium bound states formation and interactions in confined or deconfined media. (author) 122 refs.
Measures and modelling of PAR (photosynthetically-active radiation) for the Northeast of Brazil; Medidas e modelagem da radiacao PAR (photosynthetically-active radiation) para o nordeste do Brasil
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tiba, Chigueru; Leal, Sergio da S.A. [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Dept. de Energia Nuclear], e-mail: email@example.com
Photosynthetically active solar radiation, known by its acronym in the English language as PAR, is the principal driving force of innumerable biological and physical processes related to biomass production, such as, the evolution of vegetal covering, agricultural productivity, and countless environment aspects, among others. Unfortunately in Brazil and particularly in the Northeast of Brazil, the PAR radiation measures are not a routine part of meteorological station measures, and therefore are still rarer than solar irradiation measures. In this context, a station was installed in Recife, Pernambuco in 2003, to carry out simultaneous measures of daily solar irradiation and PAR irradiation, which permits the modelling and valuation of the relationship between these two parameters and thus makes the estimation of PAR radiation possible, where there used to be only information on solar irradiation. Three others stations are being installed, one on Fernando de Noronha-PE, another in Pesqueira-PE, and the other in Xingo-SE, which complete a group of 4 between Latitudes 8 deg and 10 deg South and Longitudes 34 deg to 38 deg West, each having differentiated Equatorial Climates: island maritime, continental maritime, sylvan (Agreste) and semi-arid. (author)
Attenuated vasodilator effectiveness of protease-activated receptor 2 agonist in heterozygous par2 knockout mice.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
John C Hennessey
Full Text Available Studies of homozygous PAR2 gene knockout mice have described a mix of phenotypic effects in vitro and in vivo. However, there have been few studies of PAR2 heterozygous (wild-type/knockout; PAR2-HET mice. The phenotypes of many hemi and heterozygous transgenic mice have been described as intermediates between those of wild-type and knockout animals. In our study we aimed to determine the effects of intermediary par2 gene zygosity on vascular tissue responses to PAR2 activation. Specifically, we compared the vasodilator effectiveness of the PAR2 activating peptide 2-furoyl-LIGRLO-amide in aortas of wild-type PAR2 homozygous (PAR2-WT and PAR2-HET mice. In myographs under isometric tension conditions, isolated aortic rings were contracted by alpha 1-adrenoeceptor agonist (phenylephrine, and thromboxane receptor agonist (U46619 and then relaxation responses by the additions of 2-furoyl-LIGRLO-amide, acetylcholine, and nitroprusside were recorded. A Schild regression analysis of the inhibition by a PAR2 antagonist (GB-83 of PAR2 agonist-induced aortic ring relaxations was used to compare receptor expression in PAR2-WT to PAR2-HET. PAR2 mRNA in aortas was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. In aortas contracted by either phenylephrine or U46619, the maximum relaxations induced by 2-furoyl-LIGRLO-amide were less in PAR2-HET than in the gender-matched PAR2-WT. GB-83 was 3- to 4-fold more potent for inhibition of 2fly in PAR2-HET than in PAR2-WT. PAR2 mRNA content of aortas from PAR2-HET was not significantly different than in PAR2-WT. Acetylcholine- and nitroprusside-induced relaxations of aortas from PAR2-HET were not significantly different than in PAR2-WT and PAR2 knockout. An interesting secondary finding was that relaxations induced by agonists of PAR2 and muscarinic receptors were larger in females than in males. We conclude that the lower PAR2-mediated responses in PAR2-HET aortas are consistent with evidence of a lower quantity of functional
Study of the production of residual evaporation nuclei issued from the spallation reaction of uranium-238 by 1 GeV protons; Etude de la production de noyaux residuels d'evaporation issus de la reaction de spallation de l'uranium-238 par des protons a 1 GeV
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Taieb, J
The spallation reaction by high energy protons is one of the envisaged nuclear reactions for production of exotic nuclei. We have measured the production of more than 300 different evaporation residues issued by the spallation reaction of Uranium-238 by 1 GeV protons. We used the reverse kinematics technique in order to produce the relativistic nuclei and therefore to be able to detect those nuclides within a very short time, shorter in most cases than the radioactive disintegration period. The achieved nuclear charge and mass resolution are excellent. They allow a good accuracy on the values of the measured cross-sections (10 to 15%). We have observed for the first time the nuclide Actinium-235 obtained consequently to the loss of 3 protons by the projectile. The measured isotopic distribution are strongly influenced by the mechanism of fission which leads to a strong reduction of the production of the heavy neutron deficient isotopes. We have compared our results to some other measurements achieved with radio-chemical methods at a similar energy. We observed a systematic disagreement of about 40%. Some comparison with the available systematics show that those are presently not able to reproduce the data with a reasonable precision. We could also measure the recoil momentum distribution for each studied isotopes. We show that Goldhaber's model agrees very well with the experiment in case. of 'cold' channels where the evaporation of particles never occurs. On the other hand, when the produced pre-fragment is excited the data show that Goldhaber's model does not reproduce.the data showing the limitation of such an approach. We finally tried to reproduce the measurement of evaporation residue cross-section thanks to the coupling of intra-nuclear cascade and statistical evaporation codes. The influence of the fission process is rather important is the system p+U; we therefore had to account for the dynamical aspect of the fission. We also showed
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Annie DULONG
Full Text Available Si d'autres événements — Hiroshima, la découverte des camps de concentration, la chute du mur de Berlin — ont, au cours du XXe siècle, marqué suffisamment l'imaginaire pour trouver leur réponse dans des œuvres d'art, le 11 septembre 2001 pose la question de la fictionnalisation autrement : il ne s'agit plus tant de combler les manques de la représentation, liés à l'absence d'images ou au délai dans leur dévoilement, mais bien de composer avec l'omniprésence d'une représentation martelée à la télévision et sur Internet. Que cette représentation soit partielle, tronquée et qu'il lui manque la présence des corps, ces grands absents des photographies et des images tournées par les journalistes, ne change rien au fait que c'est avec le trop-plein que les artistes doivent maintenant négocier.Cet article s'intéresse aux romans qui traitent l'événement de front au lieu de l'aborder sur un mode mineur, et a pour objectif de tracer un portrait de la représentation des médias dans les romans du 11 septembre 2001. Ces romans, outre le fait qu'ils traitent des événements de New York, ont comme point commun un personnage, ou décor : les médias, représentés par la télévision, l'Internet, les photographies de presse, interviennent dans les récits d'une manière significative et témoignent de la force brute des images. À travers une étude de certains des mécanismes à l'œuvre dans The Writing on the Wall (Lynne Sharon Schwartz, Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close (Jonathan Safran Foer, Falling Man (Don DeLillo et A Disorder Peculiar to the Country (Ken Kalfus, il s'agira de proposer des réponses à ces quelques questions : quel rôle les médias jouent-ils, et comment participent-ils au récit ? Quelle pression les images exercent-elles sur les personnages ? Que révèlent les personnages enfants dans leur rapport aux médias ? Quelle critique, finalement, les romans
Extension of a reactive distillation process design methodology: application to the hydrogen production through the Iodine-Sulfur thermochemical cycle; Generalisation d'une approche de conception de procedes de distillation reactive: application a la production d'hydrogene par le cycle thermochimique I-S
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Belaissaoui, B
Reactive distillation is a promising way to improve classical processes. This interest has been comforted by numerous successful applications involving reactive systems in liquid phase but never in vapour phase. In this context, general design tools have been developed for the analysis of reactive distillation processes whatever the reactive phase. A general model for open condensation and evaporation of vapour or liquid reactive systems in chemical equilibrium has been written and applied to extend the feasibility analysis, synthesis and design methods of the sequential design methodology of R. Thery (2002). The extended design methodology is applied to the industrial production of hydrogen through the iodine-sulphur thermochemical cycle by vapour phase reactive distillation. A column configuration is proposed with better performance formerly published configuration. (author)
Serum suPAR in patients with FSGS: trash or treasure?
Maas, R.J.H.; Deegens, J.K.J.; Wetzels, J.F.M.
The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) has important functions in cell migration. uPAR can be shed from the cell membrane resulting in soluble uPAR (suPAR). Further cleavage gives rise to shorter fragments with largely unknown functions. Recent studies have demonstrated that both
Medication incidents reported to an online incident reporting system.
LENUS (Irish Health Repository)
Alrwisan, Adel
AIMS: Approximately 20% of deaths from adverse events are related to medication incidents, costing the NHS an additional £500 million annually. Less than 5% of adverse events are reported. This study aims to assess the reporting rate of medication incidents in NHS facilities in the north east of Scotland, and to describe the types and outcomes of reported incidents among different services. Furthermore, we wished to quantify the proportion of reported incidents according to the reporters\\' profession. METHODS: A retrospective description was made of medication incidents reported to an online reporting system (DATIX) over a 46-month-period (July 2005 to April 2009). Reports originated from acute and community hospitals, mental health, and primary care facilities. RESULTS: Over the study period there were 2,666 incidents reported with a mean monthly reporting rate of 78.2\\/month (SD±16.9). 6.1% of all incidents resulted in harm, with insulin being the most commonly implicated medication. Nearly three-quarters (74.2%, n=1,978) of total incidents originated from acute hospitals. Administration incidents were implicated in the majority of the reported medication incidents (59%), followed by prescribing (10.8%) and dispensing (9.9%), while the nondescript "other medication incidents" accounted for 20.3% of total incidents. The majority of reports were made by nursing and midwifery staff (80%), with medical and dental professionals reporting the lowest number of incidents (n=56, 2%). CONCLUSIONS: The majority of medication incidents in this study were reported by nursing and midwifery staff, and were due to administration incidents. There is a clear need to elucidate the reasons for the limited contribution of the medical and dental professionals to reporting medication incidents.
Par Pond vegetation status Summer 1995 -- June survey descriptive summary
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Mackey, H.E. Jr.; Riley, R.S.
The water level of Par Pond was lowered approximately 20 feet in mid-1991 in order to protect downstream residents from possible dam failure suggested by subsidence on the downstream slope of the dam and to repair the dam. This lowering exposed both emergent and nonemergent macrophyte beds to drying conditions resulting in extensive losses. A survey of the shoreline aquatic plant communities in June 1995, three months after the refilling of Par Pond to approximately 200 feet above mean sea level, indicated that much of the original plant communities and the intermediate shoreline communities present on the exposed sediments have been lost. The extensive old-field and emergent marsh communities that were present on the exposed shoreline during the drawdown have been flooded and much of the pre-drawdown Par Pond aquatic plant communities have not had sufficient time for re-establishment. The shoreline does, however, have extensive beds of maidencane which extend from the shoreline margin to areas as deep as 2 and perhaps 3 meters. Scattered individual plants of lotus and watershield are common and may indicate likely directions of future wetland development in Par Pond. In addition, within isolated coves, which apparently received ground water seepage and/or stream surface flows during the period of the Par Pond draw down, extensive beds of waterlilies and spike rush are common. Invasion of willow and red maple occurred along the lake shoreline as well. Although not absent from this survey, evidence of the extensive redevelopment of the large cattail and eel grass beds was not observed in this first survey of Par Pond. Future surveys during the growing seasons of 1995, 1996, and 1997 along with the evaluation of satellite date to map the areal extent of the macrophyte beds of Par Pond are planned
Incertitude sur l'analyse des contraintes par diffraction des rayons X
Kahloun , C.; Badawi , K.F.; Diou , A.
Dans cette étude, nous avons développé une méthode d'estimation de la valeur des erreurs de mesure commises lors de l'analyse des contraintes par diffraction des rayons X. Nous avons vérifié à partir de cinquante déterminations des contraintes le non-biais des estimateurs proposés, ainsi que toutes les hypothèses faites pour établir ces estimateurs. Nous avons également établi un critère de choix du nombre et des valeurs des angles d'incidence ψ en fonction de la précision de mesure souhaitée...
Study of the production of J/{psi} in Au-Au collisions at 200 GeV per nucleon pair in the PHENIX experiment; Etude de la production du J/{psi} dans les collisions or-or a 200 GeV par paire de nucleons dans l'experience PHENIX
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tram, V.N
One of the most promising signature of Quark Gluon Plasma formation is the heavy quarkonium suppression due to color screening effect. First experiments at the SPS (CERN) have measured an 'anomalous suppression' of the J/{psi} yields (cc-bar state) in central Pb+Pb collisions. However, measurements at different collision energies and with different ions are mandatory to conclude about the discovery of a new state of nuclear matter. This thesis describes the J/{psi} production measured in the dimuon decay channel by the PHENIX experiment (RHIC) studying Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV in the center of mass. The J/{psi} yield measured in the most central collisions is suppressed by a factor of 3 as compared to the yield expected assuming binary scaling. Within the error bars, the suppression does not affect the J/{psi}'s rapidity distribution. However, a broadening of the transverse momentum distribution is observed as compared to the distribution measured in p+p collisions. In order to understand this suppression, 'cold nuclear effects', namely nuclear absorption and shadowing, are to be taken into account. These effects can describe neither the suppression amplitude nor the suppression pattern, suggesting that other mechanisms are involved. Predictions from different models which reproduce the suppression observed by NA50, can hardly describe the PHENIX measurements and over-estimate the suppression at RHIC. Comparisons with predictions from models including recombination of charm quarks give a reasonable description of the suppression amplitude as a function of centrality. However, these predictions are not in good agreement with the observed rapidity and transverse momentum distributions. Finally, one possible scenario is that the temperature at RHIC is not high enough to reach direct J/{psi} melting and that the measured suppression is due to the sequential disappearance from higher mass resonances ({chi}{sub c} and {psi}'). In this
Preparation and development of Ni/Olivine catalysts for hydrogen production by means of biomass gasification in fluidized bed; Elaboration et developpement d'un catalyseur Ni/Olivine pour la production d'hydrogene par gazeification de la biomasse en lit fluidise
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Swierczynski, D
Biomass gasification is one of the most interesting ways to valorize this widely accessible source of renewable energy. This process, realized in fluidized bed at high temperature (800-900 C), permits to obtain syngas (mainly H{sub 2}, and CO) which contains however the unwanted sub-products CH{sub 4} and tars. Their catalytic elimination is the key step of the process and permits to clean up the product gas as well as to increase the quantity of H{sub 2} produced. This work describes the development of a catalyst for steam gasification of biomass, designed for fluidized bed, and active for tar and methane reforming. For this we have integrated Ni with natural olivine (Mg{sub 0.9}Fe{sub 0.1})2SiO{sub 4}. Characterization by different techniques (XRD, TPR, SEM, TEM, Moessbauer) showed that during calcination in air, oxidation of olivine leads to a rejection of part of iron (II) from its structure with formation of iron (III) oxides.The catalysts Ni/olivine are obtained by wet impregnation of olivine with an aqueous solution of nickel salt, followed by calcination which leads to a reaction between NiO and olivine. This results in formation of a NiO-MgO solid solution grafted on the support surface and assuring attrition resistance. The catalytic activity was firstly studied in fixed bed in dry reforming of methane, then in steam reforming of tars with toluene as model compound. For both reactions the optimized system showed high activity and selectivity for syngas as well as an excellent stability explained by the presence of the NiO-MgO on the support surface and by formation of Ni-Fe alloys permitting to limit strongly carbon formation and providing long life for the catalyst. Finally the catalyst preparation was scaled-up to 100 kg and its efficacy was confirmed in biomass steam gasification in 100 kWth fluidized bed reactor permitting to envisage its industrial use. (author)
Measurement of double differential cross sections for light charged particles production in neutron induced reaction at 62.7 MeV on lead target; Mesures des sections efficaces doublement differentielles de production de particules chargees legeres lors de reactions induites par neutrons de 62.7 MeV sur cible de plomb
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Kerveno, M
In order to develop new options for nuclear waste management, studies are carrying out on the perfecting of hybrid systems (sub-critical reactor driven by accelerator). This thesis work takes place more precisely in the framework of nuclear data linked to hybrid systems development. Increasing the upper limit energy value (from 20 to 150 MeV) of data bases supposes that theoretical codes could have sufficient predictive power in this energy range. Thus it's necessary to measure new cross sections to constrain these codes. The experiment, performed at Louvain-la-Neuve Cyclotron, aims to determine the double differential cross sections for light charged particles production in neutron induced reactions at 62.7 MeV on natural lead target. The detection device consists of 6 NE102-CsI telescopes. Time of flight measurements are used to reconstruct the neutron energy spectra. The general framework (hybrid systems and associated nuclear data problematic) in which this work takes place is presented in a first part. The experimental set up used for our measurements is described in a second part. The three following parts are dedicated to the data analysis and double differential cross sections extraction. The particle discrimination, the energy calibration of detectors as the different corrections applied to the experimental spectra are related in details. And finally a comparative study between our experimental results and some theoretical predictions is presented. (author)
Development of hydrogen market: the outlook for demand, wing energy production, mass storage and distribution to vehicles in the regions; Developpement des marches de l'hydrogene demande prospective dans l'industrie, production par energie eolienne, stockage massif et distribution aux vehicules en region
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Le Duigou, A. [CEA Saclay, DEN/DANS/I-Tese, 91 - Gif-sur-Yvette (France); Quemere, M.M. [EDF R and D, 77 - Moret-Sur- Loing (France); Marion, P.; Decarre, S. [IFP Energies nouvelles, 92 - Rueil-Malmaison (France); Sinegre, L.; Nadau, L.; Pierre, H. [GDF SUEZ, DRI, 93 - La Plaine Saint Denis (France); Menanteau, Ph. [LEPII, Universite de Grenoble - CNRS, 38 (France); Rastetter, A. [ALPHEA, EURODEV Center, 57 - Forbach (France); Cuni, A.; Barbier, F. [Air Liquide, 75 - Paris (France); Mulard, Ph. [Total, La Defense, Raffige Marketing, 92 - Courbevoie (France); Alleau, Th. [AFH2, 75 - Paris (France); Antoine, L. [ADEME, Agence de l' Environnement et de la Maitrise de l' Energie, 75 - Paris (France)
The HyFrance3 project has provided a national framework for reflection, debate and strategic exchange between major public and industrial research players, namely for their hydrogen technology arms in France (Air Liquide, Total Refining and Marketing, EDF R and D, GDF SUEZ, CNRS-LEPII Energies Nouvelles, AFH2, ALPHEA, ADEME (co-financing and partner) and the CEA (coordinator)). This project focuses on studying the landscape, trends and economic competitiveness of some links in the hydrogen chain, for industrial and energy applications, over a period referred to as 'short term' (2020-2030). Four study subjects were tackled: the prospective demand for hydrogen in industry (analysis of the current situation and outlook for 2030, in particular for refining based on two scenarios on mobility), production of hydrogen for transport uses from wind-produced electricity, mass storage that would have to be set up in the Rhone Alpes and PACA regions, to balance supply that is subject to deliberate (maintenance) or involuntary interruptions, and the distribution of hydrogen in the region, for automobile use (gas station network in the Rhone Alpes and PACA regions) by 2050 (with end period all-in costs between 0.4 eur/kg and 0.6 eur/kg, as a function of the price of energy and the distance from the storage site). (authors)
Improving freight crash incident management.
The objective of this study was to determine the most effective way to mitigate the effect of freight : crash incidents on Louisiana freeways. Candidate incident management strategies were reviewed from : practice in other states and from those publi...
Common Causes of Pesticide Incidents
There are many types of pesticide incidents. EPA staff analyze pesticide incident reports involving people (including children and farm workers), pets, domestic animals, wildlife including bees and other pollinators, and the environment.
Frequency of acute myeloid leukemia in children attended in Belém, Pará from August 2005 to May 2009
B. Junior,Lacy C.; Levy,Ian E.; Frances,Larissa Tatiana V. M.; Wanderley,Alayde V.; Carneiro,Rita de Cássia M.; Bentes,Alessandra Q.
Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has variable incidence in different regions of Brazil. Objective: To determine the frequency of AML subtypes in children aged 0-17 years attended at Belém, Pará, from August 2005 to May 2009. Patients and methods: A retrospective study was performed with 278 patients diagnosed with acute or chronic leukemia based on clinical and morphological criteria (French-American-British [FAB]/World Health Organization classification [WHO]) and immunop...
Coherent pion production in the {sup 12}C and {sup 40}Ca by the (3 He,t{pi}{sup +}) charge exchange reaction at 2 GeV; Production coherente de pions dans les noyaux {sup 12}C, {sup 40}Ca, par reaction d`echange de charge ({sup 3}He, t{pi}{sup +}) a 2 GeV
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Farhi, Laurent [Inst. de Physique Nucleaire, Paris-11 Univ., 91 - Orsay (France)
The coherent pion production process on nuclei is defined as the excitation of the first excited state of the nucleon, the delta(1232) resonance, creating a delta-hole state. This state propagates through the nuclear medium and then decays in a single pion, living the target nuclei in its ground state. In the nuclei, the attractive interaction between delta-hole states in the spin-longitudinal channel shifts down the effective mass of the delta and induces a collective state of excitation. The nuclear response in the longitudinal channel of interaction can be studied experimentally through the resonance decay coherent process triggered by a probe coupling longitudinally with the delta and selected by the target form factor. The ({sup 3}He, t) probe at 2 GeV on nuclei and the experimental set-up SPES IV-Pi have been used to study this decay process. A simulation program using GEANT and including theoretical consideration, knowledge of previous experimental results and the experimental properties of the set-up, have demonstrated the capability of the experiment for this study. The setting of the PCOS-IV acquisition system of multiwire proportional chambers and of the development and use of programs for treatment and analysis of experimental data have been necessary steps to make the experiment at Laboratoire National SATURNE as well as to obtain physical parameters in order to exhibit the coherent process. Nevertheless, the angular distribution of coherent pions differ from the theoretical predictions. Several hypotheses involving the experimental set-up and physical processes have been investigated in order to account for such distributions. (author) 44 refs., 68 figs., 7 tabs.
Increasing incidence of pyogenic spondylodiscitis
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Kehrer, Michala; Pedersen, Court; Jensen, Thøger G
Smaller studies indicate that the incidence of pyogenic spondylodiscitis is increasing, possible related to a growing elderly population. Data supporting this is sparse, and we therefore studied patient characteristics and changes in spondylodiscitis incidence 1995-2008.......Smaller studies indicate that the incidence of pyogenic spondylodiscitis is increasing, possible related to a growing elderly population. Data supporting this is sparse, and we therefore studied patient characteristics and changes in spondylodiscitis incidence 1995-2008....
Par Pond vegetation status Summer 1995 -- September survey descriptive summary
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Mackey, H.E. Jr.; Riley, R.S.
The water level of Par Pond was lowered approximately 20 feet in mid-1991 in order to protect downstream residents from possible dam failure suggested by subsidence on the downstream slope of the dam and to repair the dam. This lowering exposed both emergent and nonemergent macrophyte beds to drying conditions resulting in extensive losses. A survey of the emergent shoreline aquatic plant communities began in June 1995, three months after the refilling of Par Pond to approximately 200 feet above mean sea level and continued with this mid-September survey. Communities similar to the pre-drawdown Par Pond aquatic plant communities are becoming re-established; especially, beds of maidencane, lotus, waterlily, and watershield are now extensive and well established. Cattail occurrence continues to increase, but large beds common to Par Pond prior to the drawdown have not formed. Future surveys during the late growing seasons of 1995, and throughout 1996 and 1997, along with the evaluation of satellite data to map the areal extent of the macrophyte beds of Par Pond, are planned
Plasma suPAR is lowered by smoking cessation
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Eugen-Olsen, Jesper; Ladelund, Steen; Sørensen, Lars Tue
, in smokers, predictive of long-term lung cancer development. Whether smoking cessation impacts the suPAR level is unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight smokers were randomized into three groups of 16: (i) continued to smoke 20 cigarettes per day, (ii) refrained from smoking and used transdermal...... nicotine patches and (iii) refrained from smoking and used placebo patches. Nonsmokers were included for comparison. suPAR and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: At baseline, the suPAR level was significantly higher in the 48 smokers (median 3·2 ng mL, IQR (2·5-3·9)) than...... in 46 never smokers (1·9 ng/mL (1·7-2·2)). In smokers randomized to smoking cessation, suPAR levels after 4 weeks of stopping were decreased and no longer significantly different from the never smokers values. SuPAR decreased in both those who received a placebo as well as nicotine patch. Interestingly...
Incident Management: Process into Practice
Isaac, Gayle; Moore, Brian
Tornados, shootings, fires--these are emergencies that require fast action by school district personnel, but they are not the only incidents that require risk management. The authors have introduced the National Incident Management System (NIMS) and the Incident Command System (ICS) and assured that these systems can help educators plan for and…
Moniliophthora roreri (Cif y Par Evans et al. in the crop of cocoa
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Fernando David Sánchez Mora
Full Text Available More than a century, cacao (Theobroma cacao L. in Ecuador has been an important source of income for farmers and currency for the country, becoming one of the biggest exporters worldwide. Then, gradually lost that status due to the attack of diseases, including moniliasis caused by [Moniliophthora roreri (Cif and Par Evans et al.]. It can cause damage of up to 80% in production. Currently there is little scientific date information on its occurrence, symptoms, etiology, epidemiology, life cycle management or control strategies of that disease, by performing this review both these important topics, bringing with it to this area of knowledge.
Couches Minces de Titanate de Baryum Par Depot Organometallique
Ousi Benomar, Wahib
Nous avons demontre la possibilite de realiser des couches minces de titanate de baryum par depot organometallique. Les films sont obtenus apres dissolution d'organometalliques choisis dans un solvant et une cuisson a une temperature determinee par thermogravimetrie. Apres un second traitement thermique a des temperatures plus elevees, les echantillons presentent une structure polycristalline tetragonale; les cristallites sont observes par microscopie electronique a balayage. La mesure de la constante dielectrique a permis de mettre en evidence une transition de phase de la structure tetragonale a la structure cubique a une temperature d'environ 125^circC. Les mesures d'indice ont ete effectuees. On note une augmentation de l'indice de refraction des films avec la temperature indiquant une meilleure densification des films. Nous avons aussi montre qu'il etait possible d'utiliser ce materiau en tant que guide d'onde optique pour pouvoir exploiter ses proprietes electrooptiques dans l'avenir.
Ambroise Paré and 16th century neurosurgery.
Banerjee, Anirban Deep; Nanda, Anil
The luminousness of Ambroise Paré, the surgeon-statesman, has withstood the ravages of time as the mark of a man, a hero, a surgeon-par-excellence, and above all, a benevolent philosopher. A self-made individual, his tryst with the art of surgery emanated from the literally non-stop battlefields of 16th century feudal Europe. Although a maverick in the medical world of his times; he rose from the humblest origins to the highest echelons solely as a result of his own genius and diligence. Among his mammoth contributions to the renaissance of surgery, Paré did perform many procedures which we see as neurosurgical, especially in the realms of neurotrauma and paediatric neurosurgery; the present vignette is an attempt to elucidate the same.
[Ambroise Paré, his death and his historians].
Dumaître, P
Ambroise Paré died December the 20th., 1590. What happened after his death and what are we knowing about his life? Never forgotten, though a lack of care, we were waiting till the XIXth. century to get recollection upon a subject sustained only by accounts of his travels. After Percy, a surgeon who tried to write Paré's biography through the "Biographie universelle ancienne et moderne, de Michaud (1822)" and some second rank authors, Malgaigne is the first who inside a printing of the "Oeuvres complétes de Paré (1840-41)" has a fine look upon the question, though his work is incomplete and allows many mistakes. Doctors Chéreau and Jal, an historian, analysing civil status records, gave new information enlarged by doctors Le Paulmier, Turner and the U.S. native Janet Doe.
Pars Plana Vitrectomy in Treatment of Lens Injury
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Remzi Avcı
Full Text Available Lens injury due to traumas may present as loss of capsule integrity, cataract, lens subluxation, or lens luxation. In addition, lens subluxation and lens luxation may occur in pseudophakic patients due to trauma. Clear corneal, scleral or sclero-corneal phacoemulsification surgery, pars plana vitrectomy, pars plana vitrectomy with phaco-fragmentation, or pars plana vitrectomy with removal through corneal incision techniques are used in the treatment of lens injury due to traumas. Intraocular lens can be implanted in the bag, sulcus, or anterior chamber during the surgery. Depending on the circumstances, scleral fixated intraocular lenses or iris-claw lenses may also be preferred. Rehabilitation of such patients is not of a great concern today, with the advanced level of vitreoretinal surgery and cataract surgery techniques and with the current state of technology. (Turk J Ophthalmol 2013; 43: 51-4
Protease activated receptor-2 (PAR2): possible target of phytochemicals.
Kakarala, Kavita Kumari; Jamil, Kaiser
The use of phytochemicals either singly or in combination with other anticancer drugs comes with an advantage of less toxicity and minimal side effects. Signaling pathways play central role in cell cycle, cell growth, metabolism, etc. Thus, the identification of phytochemicals with promising antagonistic effect on the receptor/s playing key role in single transduction may have better therapeutic application. With this background, phytochemicals were screened against protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2). PAR2 belongs to the superfamily of GPCRs and is an important target for breast cancer. Using in silico methods, this study was able to identify the phytochemicals with promising binding affinity suggesting their therapeutic potential in the treatment of breast cancer. The findings from this study acquires importance as the information on the possible agonists and antagonists of PAR2 is limited due its unique mechanism of activation.
PSD-Constrained PAR Reduction for DMT/OFDM
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Krongold Brian S
Full Text Available Common to all DMT/OFDM systems is a large peak-to-average ratio (PAR, which can lead to low power efficiency and nonlinear distortion. Tone reservation uses unused or reserved tones to design a peak-canceling signal to lower the PAR of a transmit block. In DMT ADSL systems, the power allocated to these tones may be limited due to crosstalk issues with many users in one twisted pair bundle. This PSD limitation not only limits PAR reduction ability, but also makes the optimization problem more challenging to solve. Extending the recently proposed active set tone reservation method, we develop an efficient algorithm with performance close to the optimal solution.
Modelagem matemática da secagem da pimenta Cumari do Pará Mathematical modeling of drying kinetics of pepper Cumarí do Pará
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Renata C. Reis
Full Text Available Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, determinar e modelar as curvas de secagem da pimenta Cumari do Pará (Capsicum chinense Jacqui, nas temperaturas de 45, 55 e 65 ºC e estimar seu coeficiente de difusão. As pimentas foram coletadas no município de Ceres, GO, e transportadas para UEG - Anápolis, GO; a secagem foi conduzida em secador experimental com controle de temperatura e fluxo de ar de 60 m³ min-1 m-2; os dados experimentais foram ajustados aos nove modelos matemáticos; as magnitudes do coeficiente de determinação (R², do erro médio relativo (P e do erro médio estimado (SE foram utilizadas para verificar o grau de ajuste dos modelos. Concluiu-se que: a o comportamento das curvas de secagem da pimenta Cumari do Pará foi semelhante ao da maioria dos produtos agrícolas; b o tempo de secagem foi de 4 h; 2 h e 50 min e 1 h e 55 min para as temperaturas de secagem de 45, 55 e 65 ºC, respectivamente; c o modelo matemático de secagem de Midilli et al. (2002, foi o que melhor se ajustou aos dados experimentais; d os valores do coeficiente de difusão aumentaram de acordo com a elevação da temperatura do ar de secagem, apresentando resultados entre 2,29 10-11 e 2,57 10-11 m² s-1.Among the processes of food preservation, drying the product stands out for maintaining the nutritional quality and flavor of products. The objective of this study was to determine and adjust the curves of drying of Pará Cumari pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacqui, at temperatures of 45, 55 and 65 ºC. The Pará Cumari peppers were collected in the city of Ceres, GO and transported to UEG - Anápolis, GO. Drying was conducted in fixed bed dryer with temperature control and airflow of 60 m³ min-1 m-2. Experimental data were adjusted to nine mathematical models. The magnitude of the coefficient of determination (R², the mean relative error (P and the estimated mean error (SE were used to verify the degree of fit of the models. It was concluded that: a the behavior of
Keratometric alterations following the 25-gauge transconjunctival sutureless pars plana vitrectomy versus the conventional pars plana vitrectomy.
Citirik, Mehmet; Batman, Cosar; Bicer, Tolga; Zilelioglu, Orhan
To assess the alterations in keratometric astigmatism following the 25-gauge transconjunctival sutureless pars plana vitrectomy versus the conventional pars plana vitrectomy. Sixteen consecutive patients were enrolled into the study. Conventional vitrectomy was applied to eight of the cases and 25-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy was performed in eight patients. Keratometry was performed before and after the surgery. In the 25-gauge transconjunctival sutureless pars plana vitrectomy group, statistically significant changes were not observed in the corneal curvature in any post-operative follow-up measurement (p > 0.05); whereas in the conventional pars plana vitrectomy group, statistically significant changes were observed in the first postoperative day (p = 0.01) and first postoperative month (p = 0.03). We noted that these changes returned to baseline in three months (p = 0.26). Both 25-gauge transconjunctival sutureless and conventional pars plana vitrectomy are effective surgical modalities for selected diseases of the posterior segment. Surgical procedures are critical for the visual rehabilitation of the patients. The post-operative corneal astigmatism of the vitrectomised eyes can be accurately determined at least two months post-operatively.
Parâmetros ruminais, balanço de compostos nitrogenados e produção microbiana de vacas leiteiras alimentadas com soja e seus subprodutos Ruminal parameters, nitrogen compound balance and microbial production in dairy cows fed soybeans and their by-products
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Angela Maria de Vasconcelos
soybeans in different forms: only soybean meal (SM - control diet, raw soybeans (RS, toasted soybeans (RST and soybean meal plus 5% urea (SMU, using corn silage as bulk. The microbial protein synthesis was estimated using the purine derivatives in the urine and the milk. Blood samples and spot urine were collected, approximately four hours after the morning meals. There was effect of the diets on the urine volume (UV and the urea excretion in the urine (UEU. The smallest urine volume (18.84 L was observed with soybean meal + urea. Urea excretions in the urine were similar among the diets containing raw soybean (532.98 mg/kgPV and toasted soybean (524.41 mg/kgPV and differed between the soybean meal (561.56 mg/kgPV and soybean meal + urea (575.71 mg/kgPV. The way of supplying soybean did not affect the nitrogen balance or the ureic nitrogen concentrations in the Plasma (NUP, but they had a significant effect on the ureic nitrogen in the milk (NUL whose greatest mean was obtained with raw soybean (15.66 mg/dL. The means of alantoina in the urine (416.45 mmol/dia, milk (12.78 mmol/dia, total purine derivatives (468.30 mmol/dia, microbial protein synthesis (287.33 g/dia and the efficiency of the microbial synthesis (133.06, expressed in g of CP/kg of consumed TNT did not differ among the diets. The diets tested did not the nitrogen balance or the microbial production, but the addition of raw soybean grains increased nitrogen levels in the milk.
Grazing incidence beam expander
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Akkapeddi, P.R.; Glenn, P.; Fuschetto, A.; Appert, Q.; Viswanathan, V.K.
A Grazing Incidence Beam Expander (GIBE) telescope is being designed and fabricated to be used as an equivalent end mirror in a long laser resonator cavity. The design requirements for this GIBE flow down from a generic Free Electron Laser (FEL) resonator. The nature of the FEL gain volume (a thin, pencil-like, on-axis region) dictates that the output beam be very small. Such a thin beam with the high power levels characteristic of FELs would have to travel perhaps hundreds of meters or more before expanding enough to allow reflection from cooled mirrors. A GIBE, on the other hand, would allow placing these optics closer to the gain region and thus reduces the cavity lengths substantially. Results are presented relating to optical and mechanical design, alignment sensitivity analysis, radius of curvature analysis, laser cavity stability analysis of a linear stable concentric laser cavity with a GIBE. Fabrication details of the GIBE are also given.
Etude par imagerie radar des pollutions pétrolières
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
G. Rees
Full Text Available En Russie, chaque année, les déversements de pétrole représentent un cinquième de la production totale. Les plus importants se produisent dans le domaine périglaciaire où le milieu naturel est d'une extrême fragilité. Les pipelines sont soumis à de rudes conditions notamment à la corrosion et aux processus cryogéniques. Le risque de rupture augmente en conséquence. La surveillance des déversements d'hydrocarbures, contrainte par l'immensité et la fréquente inaccessibilité du réseau de pipelines, peut être réalisée par le recours à la télédétection. L'objectif de ce travail est de fournir, à travers l'exemple de la catastrophe d'Usinsk (Rép. de Komi survenue en 1994, des outils d'analyse des images radar. Outre leur capacité à s'affranchir du couvert nuageux, les capteurs radar apportent des informations complémentaires à celles fournies par des capteurs optiques. L'exploitation thématique de ces images est rendue difficile par un certain nombre de facteurs perturbateurs tels que les caractéristiques propres du capteur, la direction de visée, la topographie et le phénomène de chatoiement (speckle. Le travail présenté montre le rôle prépondérant joué par ces corrections qui permettent de disposer de données quantitatives comparables d'une date à une autre. La méthode mise au point ici pour le suivi temporel de l'épanchement de pétrole d'Usinsk à partir de trois images radar, est discutée notamment dans ses limites et son aspect opérationnel possible.
Predicting spectral and PAR light attenuation in Greenlandic coastal waters
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Murray, Ciarán; Markager, Stiig; Stedmon, Colin
present models for spectral and PAR (photosynthetically active radiation) attenuation in two contrasting Greenlandic fjords, Godthåbsfjord (SW Greenland) and Young Sound (NE Greenland). The fjords differ in the character and concentrations of optically active components present: dissolved organic material...... (CDOM), phytoplankton pigments and inorganic particles. These differences are due in part to hydrography and to the sources of meltwater: respectively, fjord-terminating and land-terminating glaciers. We present a model to explain the variation in spectral and PAR irradiance in terms of the variation...
Ejercicios activos en la parálisis facial
Bohoyo Aramburu, Cristina
Diseño: Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica en la que se incluyen revisiones sistemáticas y artículos sobre el tratamiento de la parálisis facial mediante ejercicios faciales, que en su conjunto engloban lo que se denomina la "mímicoterapia". Objetivos: el objetivo principal es determinar la eficacia de los ejercicios faciales activos en el tratamiento de la parálisis de Bell. El objetivo secundario es describir dichos ejercicios. Métodos: se ha realizado una búsqueda mediante la base d...
Peptide-Based Optical uPAR Imaging for Surgery
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Juhl, Karina; Christensen, Anders; Persson, Morten
Near infrared intra-operative optical imaging is an emerging technique with clear implications for improved cancer surgery by enabling a more distinct delineation of the tumor margins during resection. This modality has the potential to increase the number of patients having a curative radical......-AE105 tumor uptake by a bolus injection of the natural uPAR ligand pro-uPA, and finally 3) the histological colocalization of ICG-AE105 fluorescence and immunohistochemical detected human uPAR on resected tumor slides. Taken together, our data supports the potential use of this probe for intra...
Type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence in Chinese: contributions of overweight and obesity.
Wang, Chao; Li, Jianxin; Xue, Haifeng; Li, Ying; Huang, Jianfeng; Mai, Jingzhuang; Chen, Jichun; Cao, Jie; Wu, Xianping; Guo, Dongshuang; Yu, Ling; Gu, Dongfeng
To estimate the incidence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the number of those with T2DM attributable to overweight and obesity in China. We conducted a prospective cohort study among 15680 participants (46.4%, men) aged 35-74 years. The mean duration of follow-up was 8.0 years. We examined the relationship between overweight, obesity and risk of T2DM by Cox proportional hazards models. Population attributable risk (PAR) of overweight and obesity was also calculated. Moreover, we estimated the number of T2DM events attributed to overweight and obesity using PAR, incidence of T2DM and the population size of China in 2010. During a mean follow-up of 8.0 years, the age-standardized incidence of T2DM was 9.5 per 1000 person-years in men and 9.2 in women. Overweight accounted for 28.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 20.1, 36.2) of incident T2DM among men and 31.3% (95% CI: 25.5, 36.9) among women. The corresponding PAR of obesity was 10.1% (95% CI: 6.0, 14.2) among men and 16.8% (95% CI: 12.0, 21.6) among women. Approximately 3.32 million (95% CI: 2.47, 4.24) incident T2DM were attributable to overweight and obesity in Chinese adults who were 35 to 74 years in 2010. Our results indicate that incident T2DM is mainly attributable to overweight and obesity in China. It is extremely important to advocate healthy lifestyle and prevent excessive weight gain for reducing T2DM burden in China. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
Can a Satellite-Derived Estimate of the Fraction of PAR Absorbed by Chlorophyll (FAPAR(sub chl)) Improve Predictions of Light-Use Efficiency and Ecosystem Photosynthesis for a Boreal Aspen Forest?
Zhang, Qingyuan; Middleton, Elizabeth M.; Margolis, Hank A.; Drolet, Guillaume G.; Barr, Alan A.; Black, T. Andrew
Gross primary production (GPP) is a key terrestrial ecophysiological process that links atmospheric composition and vegetation processes. Study of GPP is important to global carbon cycles and global warming. One of the most important of these processes, plant photosynthesis, requires solar radiation in the 0.4-0.7 micron range (also known as photosynthetically active radiation or PAR), water, carbon dioxide (CO2), and nutrients. A vegetation canopy is composed primarily of photosynthetically active vegetation (PAV) and non-photosynthetic vegetation (NPV; e.g., senescent foliage, branches and stems). A green leaf is composed of chlorophyll and various proportions of nonphotosynthetic components (e.g., other pigments in the leaf, primary/secondary/tertiary veins, and cell walls). The fraction of PAR absorbed by whole vegetation canopy (FAPAR(sub canopy)) has been widely used in satellite-based Production Efficiency Models to estimate GPP (as a product of FAPAR(sub canopy)x PAR x LUE(sub canopy), where LUE(sub canopy) is light use efficiency at canopy level). However, only the PAR absorbed by chlorophyll (a product of FAPAR(sub chl) x PAR) is used for photosynthesis. Therefore, remote sensing driven biogeochemical models that use FAPAR(sub chl) in estimating GPP (as a product of FAPAR(sub chl x PAR x LUE(sub chl) are more likely to be consistent with plant photosynthesis processes.
Den eneste ene - hvordan etniske minoritetsunge i Danmark danner par
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Singla, Rashmi
Rapporten handler om etniske unges måde at danne par på. Rapporten er baseret på en større empirisk undersøgelse gennemført af forfatteren i 2003 og er desuden inspireret af forfatterens egen ph.d.-afhandling: "Ungdom, etnicitet og psychosocial intervention" (2000, Københavns Universitet). Rappor...
Parasitisme des champs semenciers de cacaoyers par les ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
30 janv. 2015 ... J. Appl. Biosci. Parasitisme des champs semenciers de cacaoyers par les loranthaceae dans la localité de Nkoemvone (sud Cameroun). 7795 to the various clones, Phragmanthera capitata was the most abundant Loranthaceae; the level of parasitism of cacao trees is more important at the cacao trees of ...
La lecture de Merleau-Ponty par Renaud Barbaras
Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database
Pechar, Jiří
Roč. 11, č. 2 (2015), s. 1-6 ISSN 1336-6556 Institutional support: RVO:67985955 Keywords : Merleau-Ponty * Husserl * phenomenology * linguistics of Ferdinand de Saussure Subject RIV: AA - Philosophy ; Religion http://www.ostium.sk/sk/la-lecture-de-merleau-ponty-par-renaud-barbaras/
Approximation point par point pour la resolution du probleme de ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Approximation point par point pour la resolution du probleme de dirichlet dans un disque pour l'equation elliptique du second ordre a coefficients constants dans le cas ou les racines de l'equation caracteristique sont distinctes. AMJ Tchalla, K Tcharie ...
Parálisis Facial en Enfermedad de Lyme
Gilberto Eduardo Marrugo Pardo; Melissa Vargas Márquez
Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 23 meses de edad quien desarrollo parálisis facial unilateral secundaria a Enfermedad de Lyme sin síntomas otológicos previos y en Colombia que es considerada área no endémica.
Ankaferd Blood Stopper induces apoptosis and regulates PAR1 and ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Mine Mumcuoglu
Dec 16, 2014 ... b. , Nejat Akar c a LOSEV the Foundation for Children with Leukemia, Cancer Genetics Research Laboratory, Ankara, Turkey b LOSEV the Foundation for Children with Leukemia, .... 2 × 106 cells were counted and seeded into 25 cm2 flasks. .... ports the idea that there is a link between increases in PAR1.
Efficacite et tolerance du captopril par voie sublinguale dans la ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
insuffisance rénale chronique étaient les deux principales causes d'échec thérapeutique. Conclusion : Le captopril par voie sublinguale est donc aussi efficace chez le noir africain que chez le caucasien. Dans le contexte de pays en voie de ...
Priapisme induit par la chlorpromazine: A propos de deux cas
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
I. Marrag
Le priapisme veineux est une urgence urologique. Il constitue un des effets secondaires des neuroleptiques parmi les quels la chlorpromazine. Cet effet iatrogène, qui est rare mais grave, doit être connu par les cliniciens afin d'être mieux prévenu pour éviter les séquelles érectiles.
Indications and Visual Outcome of First Hundred Pars Plana ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Objective: To review the indications and visual outcome of the first one hundred pars plana vitrectomies performed at the newly established ... pre and postoperative visual acuity, indication for surgery and associated systemic or ocular co-morbidities of first hundred ..... Source of Support: Nil, Conflict of Interest: None declared.
Indications and visual outcome of first hundred pars plana ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Conclusion: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and vitreous hemorrhage are the major indications for pars plana vitrectomy in this environment. As vitreoretinal disorders have become more common in this part of the world, there would be a corresponding increase in demand for vitreoretinal services. There is therefore a ...
parC Mutations in Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Borrelia burgdorferi
Galbraith, Kendal M.; Ng, Amanda C.; Eggers, Betsy J.; Kuchel, Craig R.; Eggers, Christian H.; Samuels, D. Scott
We have isolated in vitro fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants of the Lyme disease agent, Borrelia burgdorferi. Mutations in parC, which encodes a subunit of topoisomerase IV, were associated with loss of susceptibility to sparfloxacin, moxifloxacin, and Bay-Y3118, but not ciprofloxacin. This is the first description of fluoroquinolone resistance in the spirochete phylum.
Parálisis Facial en Enfermedad de Lyme
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Gilberto Eduardo Marrugo Pardo
Full Text Available Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 23 meses de edad quien desarrollo parálisis facial unilateral secundaria a Enfermedad de Lyme sin síntomas otológicos previos y en Colombia que es considerada área no endémica.
The Pars Triangularis in Dyslexia and ADHD: A Comprehensive Approach
Kibby, Michelle Y.; Kroese, Judith M.; Krebbs, Hillery; Hill, Crystal E.; Hynd, George W.
Limited research has been conducted on the structure of the pars triangularis (PT) in dyslexia despite functional neuroimaging research finding it may play a role in phonological processing. Furthermore, research to date has not examined PT size in ADHD even though the right inferior frontal region has been implicated in the disorder. Hence, one…
Modeling post-wildfire hydrological processes with ParFlow
Escobar, I. S.; Lopez, S. R.; Kinoshita, A. M.
Wildfires alter the natural processes within a watershed, such as surface runoff, evapotranspiration rates, and subsurface water storage. Post-fire hydrologic models are typically one-dimensional, empirically-based models or two-dimensional, conceptually-based models with lumped parameter distributions. These models are useful for modeling and predictions at the watershed outlet; however, do not provide detailed, distributed hydrologic processes at the point scale within the watershed. This research uses ParFlow, a three-dimensional, distributed hydrologic model to simulate post-fire hydrologic processes by representing the spatial and temporal variability of soil burn severity (via hydrophobicity) and vegetation recovery. Using this approach, we are able to evaluate the change in post-fire water components (surface flow, lateral flow, baseflow, and evapotranspiration). This work builds upon previous field and remote sensing analysis conducted for the 2003 Old Fire Burn in Devil Canyon, located in southern California (USA). This model is initially developed for a hillslope defined by a 500 m by 1000 m lateral extent. The subsurface reaches 12.4 m and is assigned a variable cell thickness to explicitly consider soil burn severity throughout the stages of recovery and vegetation regrowth. We consider four slope and eight hydrophobic layer configurations. Evapotranspiration is used as a proxy for vegetation regrowth and is represented by the satellite-based Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBOP) product. The pre- and post-fire surface runoff, subsurface storage, and surface storage interactions are evaluated at the point scale. Results will be used as a basis for developing and fine-tuning a watershed-scale model. Long-term simulations will advance our understanding of post-fire hydrological partitioning between water balance components and the spatial variability of watershed processes, providing improved guidance for post-fire watershed management. In reference
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Petterson, J.S.
The reasons for wanting to document this case study and present the findings are simple. According to USDOE technical risk assessments (and our own initial work on the Hanford socioeconomic study), the likelihood of a major accident involving exposure to radioactive materials in the process of site characterization, construction, operation, and closure of a high-level waste repository is extremely remote. Most would agree, however, that there is a relatively high probability that a minor accident involving radiological contamination will occur sometime during the lifetime of the repository -- for example, during transport, at an MRS site or at the permanent site itself during repacking and deposition. Thus, one of the major concerns of the Yucca Mountain Socioeconomic Study is the potential impact of a relatively minor radiation-related accident. A large number of potential impact of a relatively minor radiation-related accident. A large number of potential accident scenarios have been under consideration (such as a transportation or other surface accident which results in a significant decline in tourism, the number of conventions, or the selection of Nevada as a retirement residence). The results of the work in Goiania make it clear, however, that such a significant shift in established social patterns and trends is not likely to occur as a direct outcome of a single nuclear-related accident (even, perhaps, a relatively major one), but rather, are likely to occur as a result of the enduring social interpretations of such an accident -- that is, as a result of the process of understanding, communicating, and socially sustaining a particular set of associations with respect to the initial incident
Apoplejía pituitaria con parálisis del III par craneal: Reporte de caso
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Miguel Pinto Valdivia
Full Text Available Se describe el caso de un varón de 65 años de edad, sin antecedentes patológicos de importancia, que acudió a emergencia del Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia por presentar cefalea intensa y ptosis palpebral izquierda. El examen físico mostró parálisis aislada del III par craneal izquierdo. Los análisis de laboratorio mostraron hiponatremia e hipopituitarismo y la resonancia magnética nuclear un adenoma pituitario con áreas de hemorragia e invasión de los senos cavernosos. El tratamiento incluyó glucocorticoides y descompresión quirúrgica transesfenoidal. La anatomía patológica confirmó el diagnóstico de infarto hemorrágico de un adenoma pituitario. El paciente fue dado de alta con terapia sustitutiva de levotiroxina y prednisona. La ptosis palpebral izquierda se recuperó en forma parcial. La apoplejía pituitaria es un síndrome clínico producido por un proceso expansivo dentro de la silla turca, secundario a hemorragia o infarto de un adenoma pituitario, que se caracteriza por cefalea, déficit visual, oftalmoplejía y alteración del nivel de conciencia. Este proceso expansivo puede comprimir los pares craneales en los senos cavernosos, produciendo diferentes grados de parálisis de los músculos oculomotores. La parálisis aislada del III par craneal es rara.(Rev Med Hered 2011;22:186-189.
Real time freeway incident detection.
The US Department of Transportation (US-DOT) estimates that over half of all congestion : events are caused by highway incidents rather than by rush-hour traffic in big cities. Real-time : incident detection on freeways is an important part of any mo...
Translational control and differential RNA decay are key elements regulating postsegregational expression of the killer protein encoded by the parB locus of plasmid R1
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Gerdes, K; Helin, K; Christensen, O W
The parB locus of plasmid R1, which mediates plasmid stability via postsegregational killing of plasmid-free cells, encodes two genes, hok and sok. The hok gene product is a potent cell-killing protein. The hok gene is regulated at the translational level by the sok gene-encoded repressor, a small...
La producción de conocimiento en la investigación acción pedagógica (IAPE: balance de una experimentación The production of knowledge in the pedagogical action research (PAR: appraisal of an experiment
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Rafael Avila Penagos
Full Text Available Este artículo recoge las lecciones derivadas de una segunda experimentación con una metodología de trabajo co-operativo, diseñada para operacionalizar una modalidad de la investigación acción pedagógica (IAPE. El autor sostiene que el principio rector de cualquier modalidad de la IAPE es el principio de reflexividad, y que el horizonte de cualquiera de esas modalidades es el de generar condiciones de posibilidad para la reflexión. Destaca, en seguida, cuatro de esas condiciones: i ejercicio intensivo en la objetivación del discurso por medio de prácticas escriturales, ii ejercicio intensivo en objetivación de la práctica pedagógica por medio de prácticas de auto-observación, con la ayuda del audiovideo, iii ejercicio intensivo del trabajo en equipo con responsabilidades individuales definidas, y iv ejercicio intensivo de argumentación e interlocución crítica entre pares, siempre mediadas por textos escritos. La capacidad de esta herramienta para objetivar al sujeto de la práctica pedagógica, en un ámbito de interlocución crítica y responsabilidad compartida, crea las condiciones para que la subjetividad individual de los maestros se sienta incluída en una subjetividad colectiva que es, finalmente, la responsable de la construcción de sentido. Al pasar de una práctica pedagógica individual a una práctica pedagógica colectiva, y de un estilo individual de reflexión a un estilo colectivo de reflexión sobre la práctica, la determinación del sentido pasa a ser una responsabilidad del colectivo. Es decir: un asunto de interés público.This article brings together the lessons learned from a second experiment with a methodology of cooperative work designed to implement a modality of pedagogical action research (PAR. The author maintains that the governing principle of any modality of PAR is the principle of reflectivity, and that the horizon of any of these modalities is to generate conditions of possibility for the
First (18)F-labeled ligand for PET imaging of uPAR
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Persson, Morten; Liu, Hongguang; Madsen, Jacob
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) is overexpressed in human prostate cancer and uPAR has been found to be associated with metastatic disease and poor prognosis. AE105 is a small linear peptide with high binding affinity to uPAR. We synthesized an N-terminal NOTA-conjugated vers...
Nanomechanical recognition of prognostic biomarker suPAR with DVD-ROM optical technology
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Bache, Michael; Bosco, Filippo; Brøgger, Anna Line
of soluble uPAR (suPAR) to infectious diseases, such as HIV, and certain types of cancer. Using hundreds of cantilevers and a DVD-based platform, cantilever deflection response from antibody–antigen recognition is investigated as a function of suPAR concentration. The goal is to provide a cheap and portable...
Protease-Activated Receptor 4 (PAR4): A Promising Target for Antiplatelet Therapy.
Rwibasira Rudinga, Gamariel; Khan, Ghulam Jilany; Kong, Yi
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are currently among the leading causes of death worldwide. Platelet aggregation is a key cellular component of arterial thrombi and major cause of CVDs. Protease-activated receptors (PARs), including PAR1, PAR2, PAR3 and PAR4, fall within a subfamily of seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR). Human platelets express PAR1 and PAR4, which contribute to the signaling transduction processes. In association with CVDs, PAR4 not only contributes to platelet activation but also is a modulator of cellular responses that serve as hallmarks of inflammation. Although several antiplatelet drugs are available on the market, they have many side effects that limit their use. Emerging evidence shows that PAR4 targeting is a safer strategy for preventing thrombosis and consequently may improve the overall cardiac safety profile. Our present review summarizes the PAR4 structural characteristics, activation mechanism, role in the pathophysiology of diseases and understanding the association of PAR4 targeting for improved cardiac protection. Conclusively, this review highlights the importance of PAR4 antagonists and its potential utility in different CVDs.
Protease-Activated Receptor 4 (PAR4: A Promising Target for Antiplatelet Therapy
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Gamariel Rwibasira Rudinga
Full Text Available Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs are currently among the leading causes of death worldwide. Platelet aggregation is a key cellular component of arterial thrombi and major cause of CVDs. Protease-activated receptors (PARs, including PAR1, PAR2, PAR3 and PAR4, fall within a subfamily of seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR. Human platelets express PAR1 and PAR4, which contribute to the signaling transduction processes. In association with CVDs, PAR4 not only contributes to platelet activation but also is a modulator of cellular responses that serve as hallmarks of inflammation. Although several antiplatelet drugs are available on the market, they have many side effects that limit their use. Emerging evidence shows that PAR4 targeting is a safer strategy for preventing thrombosis and consequently may improve the overall cardiac safety profile. Our present review summarizes the PAR4 structural characteristics, activation mechanism, role in the pathophysiology of diseases and understanding the association of PAR4 targeting for improved cardiac protection. Conclusively, this review highlights the importance of PAR4 antagonists and its potential utility in different CVDs.
Bayesian geostatistical modeling of leishmaniasis incidence in Brazil.
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Dimitrios-Alexios Karagiannis-Voules
Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Leishmaniasis is endemic in 98 countries with an estimated 350 million people at risk and approximately 2 million cases annually. Brazil is one of the most severely affected countries. METHODOLOGY: We applied Bayesian geostatistical negative binomial models to analyze reported incidence data of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil covering a 10-year period (2001-2010. Particular emphasis was placed on spatial and temporal patterns. The models were fitted using integrated nested Laplace approximations to perform fast approximate Bayesian inference. Bayesian variable selection was employed to determine the most important climatic, environmental, and socioeconomic predictors of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: For both types of leishmaniasis, precipitation and socioeconomic proxies were identified as important risk factors. The predicted number of cases in 2010 were 30,189 (standard deviation [SD]: 7,676 for cutaneous leishmaniasis and 4,889 (SD: 288 for visceral leishmaniasis. Our risk maps predicted the highest numbers of infected people in the states of Minas Gerais and Pará for visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis, respectively. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our spatially explicit, high-resolution incidence maps identified priority areas where leishmaniasis control efforts should be targeted with the ultimate goal to reduce disease incidence.
Design, construction, and wire calibration of PAR BPM striplines
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Sellyey, W.; Barr, D.; Erwin, L.
The Positron Accumulator Ring (PAR) is part of the APS injection system. It receives 24 30-ns FWHM bursts of 450-MeV positrons, and compresses them into 6-nC, 290-ps rms bunches. Striplines were selected as beam position monitors (BPMs) to assure that good position sensitivity is achieved. This paper will describe the design, construction, and wire calibration of the 16 PAR BPMs. It will be demonstrated that all relevant stripline parameters can be determined by solving the two-dimensional LaPlace equation. This was done numerically using the electrostatic part of the PE2D computer program. The construction of the units will be briefly discussed. Wire calibration data on one of the final units will be compared with theory at four frequencies
A Pipeline for PAR-CLIP Data Analysis.
Jens, Marvin
Photo-activatable ribonucleoside cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (PAR-CLIP) is a method to detect binding sites of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) transcriptome-wide. This chapter covers the computational analysis of the high-throughput sequencing reads generated from PAR-CLIP experiments. It explains how the reads are mutated due to UV cross-linking and how to appropriately pre-process and align them to a reference sequence. Aligned reads are then aggregated into clusters which represent putative RBP-binding sites. Mapping artifacts are a source of false positives, which can be controlled by means of a mapping decoy and adaptive quality filtering of the read clusters. A step-by-step explanation of this procedure is given. All necessary tools are open source, including the scripts presented and used in this chapter.
Démarginalisation des travailleurs pauvres par le droit | CRDI ...
International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)
Démarginalisation des travailleurs pauvres par le droit. Cette subvention appuiera une étude approfondie de la situation, des revendications et des combats juridiques des travailleurs pauvres (plus particulièrement des femmes) membres de l'économie non structurée au Ghana, au Pérou et en Thaïlande. On aura recours à ...
Contribution de la tomographie par coherence optique au diagnostic ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
La tomographie par cohérence optique (OCT) est devenue un outil diagnostique très important en neurophtalmologie. Dans un grand nombre de cas, le profil OCT apporte à la fois une aide diagnostique et une évaluation de l'importance de la neuropathie optique. Parmi les étiologies de la neuropathie optique, il y a la ...
Inondations dans la banlieue de Dakar : vers une adaptation par ...
International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)
Inondations dans la banlieue de Dakar : vers une adaptation par des améliorations du bâti, des infrastructures et de la gouvernance locale. La gestion des inondations représente un des défis majeurs du continent africain en regard des changements climatiques. Une urbanisation effrénée, un étalement urbain hors de ...
Traitement De La Peripneumonie Contagieuse Bovine Par L ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Traitement De La Peripneumonie Contagieuse Bovine Par L'oxyteTracycline Longe Action Et Transmission Experimentale de la Maladie A Partir de Bovins Traites. ... Tous les 14 animaux ont séroconverti et l'analyse post-mortem a montré la présence des lésions chroniques dont des séquestres pulmonaires chez 4 d'entre ...
Candido: Uma Leitura Paródica de Candide
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Maria Gloria Cusumano Mazzi
Full Text Available O presente artigo estuda a leitura paródica que Leonardo Sciascia (1921-1989 faz de Voltaire (1694-1778 mediante o cotejo das obras: o hipertexto Candido ovvero Un sogno fatto in Sicilia (1977 e o hipotexto Candide ou l'optimisme (1759. Apresenta ainda outra possibilidade de leitura, ou seja, Candido como metáfora da própria intertextualidade.
Solution volumes finis polynomiale par morceaux pour les ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Nous présentons dans ce papier un concept de solution volumes finis continue pour des problèmes de diffusion-convection avec des données régulières. Nous comparons dans certains cas particuliers la solution proposée avec la solution volumes finis classiques (qui est une fonction constante par morceaux) et la ...
Epuration des effluents industriels par électroflottation Belkacem ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
d'absorption atomique SAA (Shimadzu,. Japan) [26,27]. 3. RESULTATS ET DISCUSSIONS. En électroflottation avec des électrodes en aluminium, l'anode émet les ions Al3+. , causant la neutralisation de la charge extérieure des particules (du potentiel zêta) dans l'eau. La cathode produit le gaz. H2. (par électrolyse), ayant ...
Tuberculose lymphonodale cervicale chez les enfants vaccines par ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
La tuberculose ganglionnaire cervicale est une localisation extrapulmonaire relativement fréquente chez l'enfant. Elle pose essentiellement des difficultés de prévention. L'objectif de ce travail est d'étudier les particularités diagnostiques et thérapeutiques chez des enfants vaccinés par le BCG. Matériel et méthodes: Nôtre ...
La parálisis cerebral en el contexto escolar /
Rodríguez Gimeno, Ignacio
Se analiza el concepto de parálisis cerebral, los diferentes tipos y sus características. También las adaptaciones que se deben realizar a nivel de centro, de aula, y a nivel individual para estos alumnos, conocer los diferentes sistemas alternativos y aumentativos de comunicación y aplicar las ayudas técnicas que precisa este alumnado
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Le but de ce travail est de rapporter nos résultatsde myringoplastie par la technique des boutonnières, chez des patients porteurs ... (4,08%), la latéralisation dans 1 cas (2,04%), le blunting ou comblement de l'angle antérieur tympano-méatal dans 1 cas. (2,04%) ..... permettent qu'un contact limité entre le greffon et les reli-.
Adoption d'innovations agricoles par le truchement de services ...
International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)
L'agriculture est le fer de lance de nombreuses économies en développement, mais la capacité des petits agriculteurs privés de ressources à adopter des innovations agricoles est freinée par le manque d'accès à des services financiers adéquats. Des experts internationaux estiment qu'il existe un manque à gagner ...
Facteurs predictifs de mortalite par accident vasculaire cerebral ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Description Les AVC constituent un problème de santé publique avec une mortalité élevée. Objectif Identifier les facteurs prédictifs de mortalité par accidents vasculaires cérébraux à la Clinique Neurologique du CHU de Fann, Dakar. Méthodes Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective du 1er Janvier 2001 au 01 Novembre 2003 ...
Nature and Culture interlaced: the scientific Bulletin of Pará Industrial School of Chimica
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Jorge Ricardo Coutinho Machado
Full Text Available This study analyzes the Scientific Bulletin of the School of Industrial Chemistry of Pará considering this document as a result "inscription" of the encounter between the amazonian natural products and instruments of school laboratories. Initially are woven about the role of chemistry and that educational institution in the 20s of the twentieth century, particularly in a city (Belém living the economic decline after the called latex cycle. Then, the Bulletin is displayed enrolling your constitution and characteristics inferred from its exegesis. At the end are woven considerations that show have been the School of Industrial Chemistry of Pará an institution whose profile is in line with the so-called ";status of modernity";, according to which at the time represented the role of interpreter objective of nature, sought construction of knowledge ";positive"; and ";true"; and intended, in the context in which it is inserted, contribute to economic redemption of the region through the use of scientific knowledge aimed at ";development and progress.";
Artisan fishing and the fishing company in Óbidos, Pará
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Adriana de Aviz
Full Text Available This work is product of the Project "The time of the plant: the disciplinamento of the workers of the fishing industry (Óbidos-Pará: a comparative study", developed in the years of 2002 and 2003 in the municipality of Óbidos, Pará, objectifying to understand the importance of the time in the disciplinamento of the work in the obidense fishing company. Interviews opened in entrepreneurs had been carried through of fish, controlling, heads of quality control, people in charge of hall and other actors involved in the sector fishing boat and applied half-open questionnaires with laborers and fishing. One used the photographic, recording register and the notebook of notations. The research was carried through in the fishing companies Mundial and Pasquarelli, Colony Z-19 Fishing, in the boats (river Amazon of the artisan fishing and in its residences. As central focus it was looked for to unmask the characteristics of the 'disciplined time' in the sector of improvement of the fishing company, and to detach the joint of the 'natural time' in the process of capture of the fished one. Leaving of these estimated, it was used the 'disciplined time' and the 'natural time' conceived by Thompson (1975.
9 CFR 121.14 - Incident response. 11
... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Incident response. 11 121.14 Section 121.14 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF... (including information systems); severe weather and other natural disasters; workplace violence; bomb threats...
Ecologically relevant UV-B dose combined with high PAR intensity distinctly affect plant growth and accumulation of secondary metabolites in leaves of Centella asiatica L. Urban.
Müller, Viola; Albert, Andreas; Barbro Winkler, J; Lankes, Christa; Noga, Georg; Hunsche, Mauricio
We investigated the effects of environmentally relevant dose of ultraviolet (UV)-B and photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) on saponin accumulation in leaves on the example of Centella asiatica L. Urban. For this purpose, plants were exposed to one of four light regimes i.e., two PAR intensities with or without UV-B radiation. The experiment was conducted in technically complex sun simulators under almost natural irradiance and climatic conditions. As observed, UV-B radiation increased herb and leaf production as well as the content of epidermal flavonols, which was monitored by non-destructive fluorescence measurements. Specific fluorescence indices also indicate an increase in the content of anthocyanins under high PAR; this increase was likewise observed for the saponin concentrations. In contrast, UV-B radiation had no distinct effects on saponin and sapogenin concentrations. Our findings suggest that besides flavonoids, also saponins were accumulated under high PAR protecting the plant from oxidative damage. Furthermore, glycosylation of sapogenins seems to be important either for the protective function and/or for compartmentalization of the compounds. Moreover, our study revealed that younger leaves contain higher amounts of saponins, while in older leaves the sapogenins were the most abundant constituents. Concluding, our results proof that ambient dose of UV-B and high PAR intensity distinctly affect the accumulation of flavonoids and saponins, enabling the plant tissue to adapt to the light conditions. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Protease activated receptors (PARS) mediation in gyroxin biological activity
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Silva, Jose Alberto Alves da
Gyroxin is a serine protease enzyme from the South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus terrificus) venom; it is only partially characterized and has multiple activities. Gyroxin induces blood coagulation, blood pressure decrease and a neurotoxic behavior named barrel rotation. The mechanisms involved in this neurotoxic activity are not known. Whereas gyroxin is a member of enzymes with high potential to become a new drug with clinical applications such as thrombin, batroxobin, ancrod, tripsyn and kalicrein, it is important to find out how gyroxin works. The analysis on agarose gel electrophoresis and circular dichroism confirmed the molecules' integrity and purity. The gyroxin intravenous administration in mice proved its neurotoxicity (barrel rotation). In vivo studies employing intravital microscopy proved that gyroxin induces vasodilation with the participation of protease activated receptors (PARs), nitric oxide and Na+K+ATPase. The leukocytes' adherence and rolling counting indicated that gyroxin has no pro inflammatory activity. Gyroxin induced platelet aggregation, which was blocked by inhibitors of PAR1 and PAR4 receptors (SCH 79797 and tcY-NH 2 , respectively). Finally, it was proved that the gyroxin temporarily alter the permeability of the blood brain barrier (BBB). Our study has shown that both the protease-activated receptors and nitric oxide are mediators involved in the biological activities of gyroxin. (author)
La modélisation par Reverse Monte Carlo (RMC)
McGreevy, R. L.
La technique de modélisation par Reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) est une méthode générale de modélisation structurale à partir d'un ensemble de données expérimentales. Cette méthode étant très souple, elle peut s'appliquer à de nombreux types de données. Jusqu'à présent ces applications comprennent : la diffraction des neutrons (y compris la substitution isotopique), la diffraction des rayons X (y compris la diffusion anomale), la diffraction des électrons, la RMN (les techniques d'angle magique et de 2ème moment) et l'EXAFS. Les systèmes étudiés sont également d'une grande variété : liquides, verres, polymères, cristaux et matériaux magnétiques, par exemple. Ce cours présente les bases de la méthode RMC en signalant certaines des idées fausses répandues. L'accent sera mis sur le fait que les modèles structuraux obtenus par RMC ne sont ni'uniques' ni 'exacts' ; cependant ils sont souvent utiles à la compréhension soit de la structure du système, soit des relations entre structure et autres propriétés physiques.
Decreasing incidence rates of bacteremia
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Nielsen, Stig Lønberg; Pedersen, C; Jensen, T G
BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have shown that the incidence rate of bacteremia has been increasing over time. However, few studies have distinguished between community-acquired, healthcare-associated and nosocomial bacteremia. METHODS: We conducted a population-based study among adults with first......-acquired, 50.0 for healthcare-associated and 66.7 for nosocomial bacteremia. During 2000-2008, the overall incidence rate decreased by 23.3% from 254.1 to 198.8 (3.3% annually, p ...) and the incidence rate of nosocomial bacteremia decreased by 28.9% from 82.2 to 56.0 (4.2% annually, p
Macroinvertebrates of Par Pond and Pond B: Final report, January 1984-June 1985
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Kondratieff, B.C.; Chimney, M.J.; Painter, W.B.
This document reports on the Par Pond and Pond B macroinvertebrate sampling program from January 1984 through June 1985. It includes data on quantitative and qualitative benthic sampling, quantitative meroplankton sampling and quarterly diel sample. The basic objectives were to: (1) characterize the benthic and meroplankton macroinvertebrate communities of Par Pond and Pond B, with respect to taxonomic composition and diversity, density and relative abundance of functional feeding groups; (2) assess the impact of thermal discharges on the macroinvertebrate community of Par Pond; (3) assess the impact and significance of entrainment losses of macroinvertebrate meroplankton from Par Pond; and (4) compare Par Pond macroninvertebrate communities with those in Pond B.
Etude pilote par PET/CT de la réponse à l'ipilimumab dans le traitement du mélanome métastatique.
Rochat, N.
0 Abstract L'incidence du mélanome est en nette augmentation en Europe et aux Etats-Unis. La Chirurgie peut être curative au stade précoce de la maladie,la radiothérapie se pratique À visée palliative, les chimiothérapies n'ont montré que peu d'effet. Les progress actuels se font via l'immunothérapie. Des traitements par l'interleukine-2 et l'interféron-α se sont montrés efficaces chez certains patients, mais leur utilisation est limitée par leur forte toxicité. Depuis 201...
Spatial Distribution of Black Bear Incident Reports in Michigan.
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Jamie E McFadden-Hiller
Full Text Available Interactions between humans and carnivores have existed for centuries due to competition for food and space. American black bears are increasing in abundance and populations are expanding geographically in many portions of its range, including areas that are also increasing in human density, often resulting in associated increases in human-bear conflict (hereafter, bear incidents. We used public reports of bear incidents in Michigan, USA, from 2003-2011 to assess the relative contributions of ecological and anthropogenic variables in explaining the spatial distribution of bear incidents and estimated the potential risk of bear incidents. We used weighted Normalized Difference Vegetation Index mean as an index of primary productivity, region (i.e., Upper Peninsula or Lower Peninsula, primary and secondary road densities, and percentage land cover type within 6.5-km2 circular buffers around bear incidents and random points. We developed 22 a priori models and used generalized linear models and Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC to rank models. The global model was the best compromise between model complexity and model fit (w = 0.99, with a ΔAIC 8.99 units from the second best performing model. We found that as deciduous forest cover increased, the probability of bear incident occurrence increased. Among the measured anthropogenic variables, cultivated crops and primary roads were the most important in our AIC-best model and were both positively related to the probability of bear incident occurrence. The spatial distribution of relative bear incident risk varied markedly throughout Michigan. Forest cover fragmented with agriculture and other anthropogenic activities presents an environment that likely facilitates bear incidents. Our map can help wildlife managers identify areas of bear incident occurrence, which in turn can be used to help develop strategies aimed at reducing incidents. Researchers and wildlife managers can use similar mapping
Spatial Distribution of Black Bear Incident Reports in Michigan.
McFadden-Hiller, Jamie E; Beyer, Dean E; Belant, Jerrold L
Interactions between humans and carnivores have existed for centuries due to competition for food and space. American black bears are increasing in abundance and populations are expanding geographically in many portions of its range, including areas that are also increasing in human density, often resulting in associated increases in human-bear conflict (hereafter, bear incidents). We used public reports of bear incidents in Michigan, USA, from 2003-2011 to assess the relative contributions of ecological and anthropogenic variables in explaining the spatial distribution of bear incidents and estimated the potential risk of bear incidents. We used weighted Normalized Difference Vegetation Index mean as an index of primary productivity, region (i.e., Upper Peninsula or Lower Peninsula), primary and secondary road densities, and percentage land cover type within 6.5-km2 circular buffers around bear incidents and random points. We developed 22 a priori models and used generalized linear models and Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) to rank models. The global model was the best compromise between model complexity and model fit (w = 0.99), with a ΔAIC 8.99 units from the second best performing model. We found that as deciduous forest cover increased, the probability of bear incident occurrence increased. Among the measured anthropogenic variables, cultivated crops and primary roads were the most important in our AIC-best model and were both positively related to the probability of bear incident occurrence. The spatial distribution of relative bear incident risk varied markedly throughout Michigan. Forest cover fragmented with agriculture and other anthropogenic activities presents an environment that likely facilitates bear incidents. Our map can help wildlife managers identify areas of bear incident occurrence, which in turn can be used to help develop strategies aimed at reducing incidents. Researchers and wildlife managers can use similar mapping techniques to
The Nature and Incidence of Software Piracy: Evidence from Windows
Athey, Susan; Stern, Scott
This paper evaluates the nature, relative incidence and drivers of software piracy. In contrast to prior studies, we analyze data that allows us to measure piracy for a specific product - Windows 7 - which was associated with a significant level of private sector investment. Using anonymized telemetry data, we are able to characterize the ways in which piracy occurs, the relative incidence of piracy across different economic and institutional environments, and the impact of enforcement effort...
Proteinase-Activated Receptor 1 (PAR1) regulates leukemic stem cell functions.
Bäumer, Nicole; Krause, Annika; Köhler, Gabriele; Lettermann, Stephanie; Evers, Georg; Hascher, Antje; Bäumer, Sebastian; Berdel, Wolfgang E; Müller-Tidow, Carsten; Tickenbrock, Lara
External signals that are mediated by specific receptors determine stem cell fate. The thrombin receptor PAR1 plays an important role in haemostasis, thrombosis and vascular biology, but also in tumor biology and angiogenesis. Its expression and function in hematopoietic stem cells is largely unknown. Here, we analyzed expression and function of PAR1 in primary hematopoietic cells and their leukemic counterparts. AML patients' blast cells expressed much lower levels of PAR1 mRNA and protein than CD34+ progenitor cells. Constitutive Par1-deficiency in adult mice did not affect engraftment or stem cell potential of hematopoietic cells. To model an AML with Par1-deficiency, we retrovirally introduced the oncogene MLL-AF9 in wild type and Par1-/- hematopoietic progenitor cells. Par1-deficiency did not alter initial leukemia development. However, the loss of Par1 enhanced leukemic stem cell function in vitro and in vivo. Re-expression of PAR1 in Par1-/- leukemic stem cells delayed leukemogenesis in vivo. These data indicate that Par1 contributes to leukemic stem cell maintenance.
Proteinase-Activated Receptor 1 (PAR1 regulates leukemic stem cell functions.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Nicole Bäumer
Full Text Available External signals that are mediated by specific receptors determine stem cell fate. The thrombin receptor PAR1 plays an important role in haemostasis, thrombosis and vascular biology, but also in tumor biology and angiogenesis. Its expression and function in hematopoietic stem cells is largely unknown. Here, we analyzed expression and function of PAR1 in primary hematopoietic cells and their leukemic counterparts. AML patients' blast cells expressed much lower levels of PAR1 mRNA and protein than CD34+ progenitor cells. Constitutive Par1-deficiency in adult mice did not affect engraftment or stem cell potential of hematopoietic cells. To model an AML with Par1-deficiency, we retrovirally introduced the oncogene MLL-AF9 in wild type and Par1-/- hematopoietic progenitor cells. Par1-deficiency did not alter initial leukemia development. However, the loss of Par1 enhanced leukemic stem cell function in vitro and in vivo. Re-expression of PAR1 in Par1-/- leukemic stem cells delayed leukemogenesis in vivo. These data indicate that Par1 contributes to leukemic stem cell maintenance.
Traffic incident management resource management.
The necessity of a multi-disciplinary approach involving law enforcement, fire and rescue, transportation, towing and recovery, and others has been well-recognized and integrated into incident management operations. This same multidisciplinar...
Police Incident Blotter (30 Day)
Allegheny County / City of Pittsburgh / Western PA Regional Data Center — The 30 Day Police Blotter contains the most recent initial crime incident data, updated on a nightly basis. All data is reported at the block/intersection level,...
Regional comparison of cancer incidence
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Obralic, N.; Gavrankapetanovic, F.; Dizdarevic, Z.; Duric, O.; Sisic, F.; Selak, I.; Balta, S.; Nakas, B.
Background. Due to specific war and post-war situation in Balkan region, differences in the number, type, development, biological course, treatment of malignant tumours and its outcome are possible. In order to perceive the situation realistically, it is necessary to gather continuously exact data about malignant tumours and compare them with the data from other European and world countries.The aim of the study was to collect and analyse the data on cancer incidence in the region of Sarajevo city, which represents a symbol of difficult times in the recent past, and to compare it to the incidence in the neighbouring countries. Patients and methods. Data on all newly diagnosed cancer cases, permanent residents of Sarajevo Canton, in the years 1999 and 2000 were collected. Crude incidence rate has been calculated according to the years observed, gender and localizations of the disease The data were compared to the cancer registries of Slovenia and Croatia and were observed in the light of specific local situation. Results. The crude cancer incidence of all sites but skin was the highest in both years and by both genders in Croatia. The incidence of the most common tumours (lung and breast cancer) was similar in all three countries. The differences in the incidence between both genders in the Sarajevo canton were registered in laryngeal and urinary bladder cancer, as well as in bone and cartilage sarcoma. Cervical cancer had extremely high incidence and was high up on the incidence list in the Sarajevo canton, which correlates with the data in developing countries. The incidence of other tumours in the post-war period is reaching expected numbers. Conclusions. It is difficult to identify whether the war and post-war stress, irregular and insufficient nutrition during and after the siege of the city of Sarajevo or some other factor influenced the cancer incidence among exposed population. The prevalence of smoking in the whole region is extremely high, in Bosnia and
Asymptotics for incidence matrix classes
Cameron, Peter; Prellberg, Thomas; Stark, Dudley
We define {\\em incidence matrices} to be zero-one matrices with no zero rows or columns. A classification of incidence matrices is considered for which conditions of symmetry by transposition, having no repeated rows/columns, or identification by permutation of rows/columns are imposed. We find asymptotics and relationships for the number of matrices with $n$ ones in these classes as $n\\to\\infty$.
Incidence Handling and Response System
Kalbande, Prof. Dhananjay R.; Thampi, Dr. G. T.; Singh, Mr. Manish
A computer network can be attacked in a number of ways. The security-related threats have become not only numerous but also diverse and they may also come in the form of blended attacks. It becomes difficult for any security system to block all types of attacks. This gives rise to the need of an incidence handling capability which is necessary for rapidly detecting incidents, minimizing loss and destruction, mitigating the weaknesses that were exploited and restoring the computing services. I...
Cancer incidence in Spain, 2015.
Galceran, J; Ameijide, A; Carulla, M; Mateos, A; Quirós, J R; Rojas, D; Alemán, A; Torrella, A; Chico, M; Vicente, M; Díaz, J M; Larrañaga, N; Marcos-Gragera, R; Sánchez, M J; Perucha, J; Franch, P; Navarro, C; Ardanaz, E; Bigorra, J; Rodrigo, P; Bonet, R Peris
Periodic cancer incidence estimates of Spain from all existing population-based cancer registries at any given time are required. The objective of this study was to present the current situation of cancer incidence in Spain. The Spanish Network of Cancer Registries (REDECAN) estimated the numbers of new cancer cases occurred in Spain in 2015 by applying the incidence-mortality ratios method. In the calculus, incidence data from population-based cancer registries and mortality data of all Spain were used. In 2015, nearly a quarter of a million new invasive cancer cases were diagnosed in Spain, almost 149,000 in men (60.0%) and 99,000 in women. Globally, the five most common cancers were those of colon-rectum, prostate, lung, breast and urinary bladder. By gender, the four most common cancers in men were those of prostate (22.4%), colon-rectum (16.6%), lung (15.1%) and urinary bladder (11.7%). In women, the most common ones were those of breast (28.0%), colon-rectum (16.9%), corpus uteri (6.2%) and lung (6.0%). In recent years, cancer incidence in men seems to have stabilized due to the fact that the decrease in tobacco-related cancers compensates for the increase in other types of cancer like those of colon and prostate. In women, despite the stabilization of breast cancer incidence, increased incidence is due, above all, to the rise of colorectal and tobacco-related cancers. To reduce these incident cancer cases, improvement of smoking control policies and extension of colorectal cancer screening should be the two priorities in cancer prevention for the next years.
Incidence of Aflatoxin in California Almonds
Schade, J. E.; McGreevy, K.; King, A. D.; Mackey, B.; Fuller, G.
In a survey of California almonds, aflatoxin was found in 14% of 74 samples of unsorted, in-shell almonds as received by the processor in 1972, but it occurred at very low levels (below 20 parts per billion [ppb]) in 90% of the contaminated samples. The overall proportion of individual nuts contaminated was especially low and is estimated with 95% probability to have been in the range of 1 nut/55,300 nuts to 1 nut/14,700 nuts. Aflatoxin contamination is not restricted to any particular section of the almond-growing region of California. Commercial sorting procedures are effective in removing most aflatoxin-contaminated nutmeats, since none of 26 samples of processed, whole nutmeats contained aflatoxin. In contrast, 13 of 27 samples of diced almonds were contaminated, but nine of these 13 samples contained less than 20 ppb. Only one of 25 samples of sliced nutmeats contained aflatoxin (4 ppb). Thus, aflatoxin incidence in almonds varies greatly with the category of finished product. The apparent high incidence in diced nutmeats is probably due mostly to the more uniform distribution of aflatoxin occurring in this product (because of its small particle size) than that occurring in the other products. Sample size requirements for monitoring aflatoxin in almonds are discussed. PMID:1110492
Cyber Incidents Involving Control Systems
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Robert J. Turk
The Analysis Function of the US-CERT Control Systems Security Center (CSSC) at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) has prepared this report to document cyber security incidents for use by the CSSC. The description and analysis of incidents reported herein support three CSSC tasks: establishing a business case; increasing security awareness and private and corporate participation related to enhanced cyber security of control systems; and providing informational material to support model development and prioritize activities for CSSC. The stated mission of CSSC is to reduce vulnerability of critical infrastructure to cyber attack on control systems. As stated in the Incident Management Tool Requirements (August 2005) ''Vulnerability reduction is promoted by risk analysis that tracks actual risk, emphasizes high risk, determines risk reduction as a function of countermeasures, tracks increase of risk due to external influence, and measures success of the vulnerability reduction program''. Process control and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems, with their reliance on proprietary networks and hardware, have long been considered immune to the network attacks that have wreaked so much havoc on corporate information systems. New research indicates this confidence is misplaced--the move to open standards such as Ethernet, Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, and Web technologies is allowing hackers to take advantage of the control industry's unawareness. Much of the available information about cyber incidents represents a characterization as opposed to an analysis of events. The lack of good analyses reflects an overall weakness in reporting requirements as well as the fact that to date there have been very few serious cyber attacks on control systems. Most companies prefer not to share cyber attack incident data because of potential financial repercussions. Uniform reporting requirements will do much to make this
Plasmas produced by incident laser in solids
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Oliveira Campos, D. de; Boeckelmann, H.K.
The experimental arrangement for plasma production by incident laser in solids and a system of diagnostics are presented. The system of diagnostics allows: verify the plasma generation and expansion through the ultrahigh-speed photography; obtain measurements of temperature and density by spectroscopy (using an optical analyser of multichannels) and obtain measurements of kinetic energy of ions through his fly time, using a 'Faraday cup'. A vacuum system with an adsorption pump for pre-vacuum and ionic pump was used to reduce pressure and avoid mechanical vibrations and system contaminations. (M.C.K.) [pt
Nuclear movement during myotube formation is microtubule and dynein dependent and is regulated by Cdc42, Par6 and Par3
Cadot, Bruno; Gache, Vincent; Vasyutina, Elena; Falcone, Sestina; Birchmeier, Carmen; Gomes, Edgar R
Mono-nucleated myoblasts fuse to form multi-nucleated myotubes. After the fusion, the myoblast nucleus moves towards the centre of the myotube. This movement is driven by microtubules and dynein, and is regulated by Cdc42, Par6 and Par3.
The double par locus of virulence factor pB171: DNA segregation is correlated with oscillation of ParA
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Ebersbach, G; Gerdes, K; Charbon, Gitte Ebersbach
Prokaryotic plasmids and chromosomes encode partitioning (par) loci that segregate DNA to daughter cells before cell division. Recent database analyses showed that almost all known par loci encode an ATPase and a DNA-binding protein, and one or more cis-acting regions where the proteins act. All ...
The double par locus of virulence factor pB171: DNA segregation is correlated with oscillation of ParA
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Ebersbach, G; Gerdes, K; Charbon, Gitte Ebersbach
Prokaryotic plasmids and chromosomes encode partitioning (par) loci that segregate DNA to daughter cells before cell division. Recent database analyses showed that almost all known par loci encode an ATPase and a DNA-binding protein, and one or more cis-acting regions where the proteins act. All...
Componentes de (covariância e parâmetros genéticos para caracteres produtivos à desmama de bezerros Angus criados no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Covariance components and genetic parameters for weaning production traits of Angus calves raised in the State of Rio Grande do Sul
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Fernando Flores Cardoso
Full Text Available Foram estimados componentes de (covariância e parâmetros genéticos para peso ao nascer (PN, ganho do nascimento à desmama (G205 e escores de conformação (CD, precocidade de terminação (GD, musculatura (MD e tamanho (TD à desmama, utilizando-se registros de desmama de 40.915 bezerros Angus, criados no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, sul do Brasil. Desses, 12.706 tinham pesagem ao nascer e 11.863, avaliação completa para escores visuais (EV. Os dados foram analisados por meio de um modelo animal, em análises uni e multivariadas, e os componentes de variância estimados pela máxima verossimilhança restrita. As herdabilidades aditivas diretas estimadas foram 0,29; 0,25; 0,18; 0,19; 0,19; e 0,21, respectivamente, para PN, G205, CD, GD, MD e TD. A herdabilidade materna para G205 foi 0,16 e a correlação entre efeito genético direto e materno, -0,51. Essa correlação negativa indica antagonismo entre esses efeitos e provocou decréscimo na herdabilidade total para G205, que foi 0,18. A contribuição do ambiente permanente da vaca para a variância fenotípica esteve entre um mínimo de 0,05 para PN e máximo de 0,12 para G205. A correlação genética entre PN e G205 foi --0,06, mostrando que estes caracteres são independentes geneticamente. As correlações genéticas encontradas entre G205 e EV foram entre 0,71 e 0,86 e de EV entre si, 0,58 a 0,91. Essas associações positivas entre os escores visuais e destes com o crescimento na fase pré-desmama favorecem a seleção conjunta destes caracteres, por meio de índices de seleção.(Co variance components and genetic parameters for birth weight (BW, adjusted weaning gain (AWG and for conformation (WC, precocity (WP, muscling (WM and size (WS scores at weaning were estimated, from records of 40,915 Angus calves, raised in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. From that data, 12,706 had birth weight records and 11,863 had complete records for visual scores (VS. The data were
Breast cancer incidence in Mongolia
Altantsetseg, Dalkhjav; Davaasambuu, Ganmaa; Rich-Edwards, Janet; Davaalkham, Dambadarjaa; Tretli, Steinar; Hoover, Robert N.; Frazier, A. Lindsay
Purpose Data on international variation in breast cancer incidence may help to identify additional risk factors. Substantially lower breast cancer rates in Asia than in North America and Western Europe are established, but differences within Asia have been largely ignored despite heterogeneity in lifestyles and environments. Mongolia's breast cancer experience is of interest because of its shared genetics but vastly different diet compared with other parts of Asia. Methods Age-standardized breast cancer incidence and mortality rates obtained from the International Association of Cancer Registries are presented for several Asian countries. Mongolian incidence rates obtained from its cancer registry describe incidence within the country. Results Breast cancer incidence in Mongolia (age standardized 8.0/100,000) is almost a third of rates in China (21.6/100,000), and over five times that of Japan (42.7/100,000) and Russia (43.2/100,000). Rates within Mongolia appear to have increased slightly over the last decade and are higher in urban than rural areas (annual percentage increase of age-standardized rates from 1998 to 2005 was 3.60 and 2.57%, respectively). The increase in breast cancer incidence with age plateaus at menopause, as in other Asian populations. Conclusions Mongolia's low breast cancer incidence is of particular interest because of their unusual diet (primarily red meat and dairy) compared with other Asian countries. More intensive study of potential dietary, reproductive and lifestyle factors in Mongolia with comparison to other Asian populations may provide more clarity in what drives the international breast cancer rate differences. PMID:22543542
The Tricastin incident: another French psychodrama; L'incident du Tricastin: Un nouveau psychodrame francais
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
The author comments the level 1 incident which occurred on the Tricastin site in July 2008 with the release of 30 cubic meters of a uranium-containing solution in the Rhone river. First, he outlines that the Tricastin is not a nuclear power plant, that uranium if more a chemical toxic product than a radiological toxic product. He briefly discusses the presence of uranium in the environment, and states that the event is actually a non-event which has been in fact magnified by the media, and that the action of anti-nuclear organization on this matter was inadequate
Information sharing for traffic incident management.
Traffic incident management focuses on developing procedures, implementing policies, and deploying technologies to more quickly identify incidents, improve response times, and more effectively and efficiently manage the incident scene. Because so man...
Serum suPAR in patients with FSGS: trash or treasure?
Maas, Rutger J H; Deegens, Jeroen K J; Wetzels, Jack F M
The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) has important functions in cell migration. uPAR can be shed from the cell membrane resulting in soluble uPAR (suPAR). Further cleavage gives rise to shorter fragments with largely unknown functions. Recent studies have demonstrated that both overexpression of uPAR on podocytes and the administration of suPAR cause proteinuria in mice. The common pathogenic mechanism involves the activation of podocyte β3-integrin. Increased activation of β3-integrin is also observed in patients with focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). These observations form the basis for the hypothesis that suPAR may be the circulating factor causing FSGS. A recent study fosters this idea by demonstrating increased suPAR levels in the serum of patients with FSGS and reporting an association with recurrence after transplantation and response to plasmapheresis. However, this study was heavily biased, and subsequent studies have given conflicting results. Although the experimental work is very suggestive, at present there is no proof that any known human suPAR fragment causes FSGS in humans. We therefore suggest that the measurement of suPAR using currently available assays has absolutely no value at the present time in decision-making in routine clinical practice.
Structures of actin-like ParM filaments show architecture of plasmid-segregating spindles.
Bharat, Tanmay A M; Murshudov, Garib N; Sachse, Carsten; Löwe, Jan
Active segregation of Escherichia coli low-copy-number plasmid R1 involves formation of a bipolar spindle made of left-handed double-helical actin-like ParM filaments. ParR links the filaments with centromeric parC plasmid DNA, while facilitating the addition of subunits to ParM filaments. Growing ParMRC spindles push sister plasmids to the cell poles. Here, using modern electron cryomicroscopy methods, we investigate the structures and arrangements of ParM filaments in vitro and in cells, revealing at near-atomic resolution how subunits and filaments come together to produce the simplest known mitotic machinery. To understand the mechanism of dynamic instability, we determine structures of ParM filaments in different nucleotide states. The structure of filaments bound to the ATP analogue AMPPNP is determined at 4.3 Å resolution and refined. The ParM filament structure shows strong longitudinal interfaces and weaker lateral interactions. Also using electron cryomicroscopy, we reconstruct ParM doublets forming antiparallel spindles. Finally, with whole-cell electron cryotomography, we show that doublets are abundant in bacterial cells containing low-copy-number plasmids with the ParMRC locus, leading to an asynchronous model of R1 plasmid segregation.
Envenimation mortelle par morsure de serpent chez une femme ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Les auteurs rapportent un cas de morsure de serpent au niveau de la face chez une femme enceinte, dont l'évolution a été marquée par l'installation d'un oedème cervico-facial nécessitant une trachéotomie en urgence, et une mort foetale in utero avec troubles de l'hémostase responsable du décès maternel dans un ...
Hemangioma capilar de la parótida. Abordaje transoral
Sarra, Luis Domingo; Rodríguez, Juan Carlos; San Martino, Julio Alberto
Los hemangiomas de la parótida son frecuentes en niños, representando aproximadamente el 50% de los tumores de dicha glándula durante el primer año de vida. Como contrapartida, estos tumores vasculares son extremadamente raros en pacientes adultos y solo se publican unos pocos casos aislados en la literatura, donde se mencionan las dificultades en el diagnóstico diferencial con los tumores primarios de las glándulas salivales. Presentamos un caso en una paciente adulta que consultó por una...
Cartographie par carroyage et précision spatiale
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Patrice LANGLOIS
Full Text Available Dans le cadre d'une cartographie par carroyage, on étudie la désagrégation de variables zonales, en revenant sur l'hypothèse de l'équirépartition spatiale des populations. L'objectif est d'approcher des règles différenciées de désagrégation des variables en fusionnant des plans d'information de nature morphologique, topologique et environnementale.
David Kasner, MD, and the Road to Pars Plana Vitrectomy
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Christopher F. Blodi
Full Text Available David Kasner, MD (1927–2001, used his extensive dissections of eye bank eyes and experiences in teaching cataract surgery to resident physicians to realize that excision of vitreous when present in the anterior chamber of eyes undergoing cataract surgery was preferable to prior intraoperative procedures. Noting that eyes tolerated his maneuvers, he then performed planned subtotal open-sky vitrectomies; first on a traumatized eye in 1961, then on two eyes of patients with amyloidosis (1966–1967. The success of these operations was noted by others, most particularly Robert Machemer, MD. Kasner's work directly led to further surgical developments, including closed pars plana vitrectomy.
fortification des farines tropicales par l'introduction de proteines ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
chiches, fève et haricot commun) est améliorée par l'extrusion. L'amidon de niébé extrudé à 180. °C possède une meilleure digestibilité que celui de niébé cru. CONCLUSION. Ce travail visait principalement la diversification des produits alimentaires à partir d'un mélange de farines de céréales locales, de légumineuses.
Uveal neovascularization at the ora serrata and pars plana.
Kaba, F; el Baba, F; Green, W R
Thirty-two eyes with uveal neovascularization at the ora serrata and pars plana were studied histopathologically. Chronic retinal detachment of various etiologies was the most frequently associated feature, present in 65% of the patients. In three eyes, the neovascularization took the form of an angiomatous lesion, whereas in the others, capillaries, arterioles, and venules were present. A history of glaucoma was found in 60% of the patients. Other associated findings included choroidal rupture, vitreous hemorrhage, and a history of cryotherapy. Uveal neovascularization at the ora serrata should be considered in the differential diagnosis of retinal angiomas, retinal telangiectasia, malignant melanoma, adult Coats's disease, peripheral proliferative retinopathies, and vitreous hemorrhage.
Par-4-mediated recruitment of Amida to the actin cytoskeleton leads to the induction of apoptosis
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Boosen, Meike; Vetterkind, Susanne; Koplin, Ansgar; Illenberger, Susanne; Preuss, Ute
Par-4 (prostate apoptosis response-4) sensitizes cells to apoptotic stimuli, but the exact mechanisms are still poorly understood. Using Par-4 as bait in a yeast two-hybrid screen, we identified Amida as a novel interaction partner, a ubiquitously expressed protein which has been suggested to be involved in apoptotic processes. Complex formation of Par-4 and Amida occurs in vitro and in vivo and is mediated via the C-termini of both proteins, involving the leucine zipper of Par-4. Amida resides mainly in the nucleus but displays nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling in heterokaryons. Upon coexpression with Par-4 in REF52.2 cells, Amida translocates to the cytoplasm and is recruited to actin filaments by Par-4, resulting in enhanced induction of apoptosis. The synergistic effect of Amida/Par-4 complexes on the induction of apoptosis is abrogated when either Amida/Par-4 complex formation or association of these complexes with the actin cytoskeleton is impaired, indicating that the Par-4-mediated relocation of Amida to the actin cytoskeleton is crucial for the pro-apoptotic function of Par-4/Amida complexes in REF52.2 cells. The latter results in enhanced phosphorylation of the regulatory light chain of myosin II (MLC) as has previously been shown for Par-4-mediated recruitment of DAP-like kinase (Dlk), suggesting that the recruitment of nuclear proteins involved in the regulation of apoptotic processes to the actin filament system by Par-4 represents a potent mechanism how Par-4 can trigger apoptosis
Production of muon pairs in the continuum region by 39.5 GeV/c πsup(+-), Ksup(+-), p and anti p beams incident on a tungsten target
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Corden, M.; Dowell, J.D.; Garvey, J.; Homer, R.J.; Jobes, M.; Kenyon, I.R.; McMahon, T.J.; Owen, R.C.; Sumorok, K.C.T.; Vallance, R.J.
Inclusive dimuon production by 39.5 GeV/c πsup(+-), Ksup(+-), p and panti p is described for masses greater than 2.0 GeV/c 2 . The π - , π + and (π - - π + ) continuum cross-sections exceed the naive Drell-Yan predictions by a factor approx. 2.4. The pion valence structure function has been measured and is consistent with a corresponding measurement at 200 GeV/c. (orig.)
Measurement of the Nuclear Dependence of Direct Photon and Neutral Meson Production at High Transverse Momentum by Negative 515-GeV/c Pions Incident on Beryllium and Copper Targets
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Sorrell, Lee Ronald [Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
The nuclear dependence of inclusive direct photon production and inclusive neutral meson production by a 515 GeV/c $\\pi^-$ beam has been measured using data collected by the E706 experiment during the 19.90 fixed, target run at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. The experiment utilized a finely segmented liquid argon calorimeter and a high precision charged particle spectrometer to make precision measurements of inclusive direct photon, neutral pion, and $\\eta$ production in the rapidity interval from -0.75 < $y$ < 0.75. The $\\pi^0$ data is reported for the $P_T$ range from 0.6 GeV /c to 12 GeV /c, while the $\\eta$ data is reported for the range from 3.5 GeV /c to 7.0 GeV /c. The direct photon nuclear dependence results are reported for the range from approxlmately 4.0 GeV/c to 8.5 GeV/c. The data from the beryllium and copper targets have been fit using the parameterization $\\sigma_A$ = $\\sigma_0$ x $A^{\\alpha}$. The neutral meson results are in good agreement with previous charged meson results. The direct photon results are consistent with no anomalous enhancement.
Determination of production biology of Cladocera in a reservoir receiving hyperthermal effluents from a nuclear production reactor
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Vigerstad, T.J.
The effects on zooplankton of residence in a cooling reservoir receiving hyperthermal effluents directly from a nuclear-production-reactor were examined. The design of the study was to compare rates of cladoceran population production at two stations in the winter and summer of 1976 on Par Pond, the cooling reservoir located on the Savannah River Plant, Aiken, SC. One station was located in an area of the reservoir directly receiving hyperthermal effluent (Station MAS), and the second was located about 4 km away in an area where surface temperatures were normal for reservoirs in the general geographical region (Station CAS). The statistical properties of the Edmondson egg ratio model (Edmondson, 1960) were examined to determine if it would be a suitable method for calculating cladoceran production rates for comparison between stations. Based on an examination of the variance associated with standing stock and fecundity measurements and other consideratios, the use of the egg ratio model was abandoned. Instead, a non-parametric comparison between stations of standing stock and fecundity data for Bosmina longirostris, taken for the egg ratio model, were used to observe potential hyperthermal effluent effects. There was a statistically higher incidence of deformed eggs in the Bosmina population at Station MAS in the summer. Bosmina standing stock underwent two large oscillations in the winter and three large oscillations in the summer at Station MAS compared with two in the winter and one in the summer at Station CAS. These results are consistent with almost all other Par Pond studies which have found the two stations to be essentially similar in species composition but with some statistically significant differences in various aspects of the biology of the species
Incidence of scabies in Belgium
LAPEERE, H.; NAEYAERT, J.-M.; De WEERT, J.; De MAESENEER, J.; BROCHEZ, L.
SUMMARY A prospective survey on scabies in Ghent, Belgium was performed in 2004. Sixty-four individual cases were reported, corresponding to a crude incidence rate of 28/100 000 inhabitants. The incidence was higher in the elderly (51/100 000 in persons aged >75 years) and a higher incidence was also found in immigrants (88/100 000). More than 40% of the registered scabies patients had symptoms for more than 4 weeks at the time of presentation. In 54% of the consultations, the patient had already consulted a physician for his/her skin problem. Of this group, 44% had not yet received any scabicidal treatment, indicating that scabies was not yet diagnosed or that an inappropriate treatment was prescribed. The observations suggest that the diagnosis and/or treatment of scabies in this region can still be improved. PMID:17506916
Metabolic Syndrome and Incident Diabetes
Ford, Earl S.; Li, Chaoyang; Sattar, Naveed
OBJECTIVE?Our objective was to perform a quantitative review of prospective studies examining the association between the metabolic syndrome and incident diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS?Using the title terms ?diabetes? and ?metabolic syndrome? in PubMed, we searched for articles published since 1998. RESULTS?Based on the results from 16 cohorts, we performed a meta-analysis of estimates of relative risk (RR) and incident diabetes. The random-effects summary RRs were 5.17 (95% CI 3.99?6....
Cardiovascular disease incidence and survival
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Byberg, Stine; Agyemang, Charles; Zwisler, Ann-Dorthe
Studies on cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and survival show varying results between different ethnic groups. Our aim was to add a new dimension by exploring the role of migrant status in combination with ethnic background on incidence of-and survival from-CVD and more specifically acute...... of some types of cardiovascular disease compared to Danish-born. Family-reunified migrants on the other hand had lower rates of CVD. All migrants had better survival than Danish-born indicating that migrants may not always be disadvantaged in health....
Decreased Expression of the Polarity Regulatory PAR Complex Predicts Poor Prognosis of the Patients with Colorectal Adenocarcinoma
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Min-Kyung Yeo
Full Text Available Partitioning defective (Par proteins regulate cell polarity and differentiation. Par3, Par6β, and protein kinase Cζ (PKCζ, which are PAR complex members, have been shown to be associated with oncogenesis and progression. Herein, we report the expression pattern and clinical relevance of Par3, Par6β, and PKCζ in colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRAC. A total of 393 primary CRACs, 41 primary-metastatic CRAC pairs, 41 adenomas with low-grade dysplasia, and 41 nontumor colorectal tissue samples were examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot assays for Par3, Par6β, and PKCζ protein expressions. The association Par3, Par6β, and PKCζ expressions and clinicopathologic factors, including patient survival, was evaluated. Primary CRACs and adenomas demonstrated higher levels of Par3, Par6β, and PKCζ than in nontumor colorectal epithelia. The expressions of Par3, Par6β, and PKCζ were higher in primary CRACs as compared to adenomas or in metastatic CRACs. Among primary CRACs, decreased Par3 expression was found to correlate with a high proliferation rate and poor histologic differentiation, decreased PKCζ expression was correlated with pathologic TNM stage (I-II vs III-IV and lymph node metastasis, and decreased Par6β and PKCζ expressions were correlated with shortened overall survivals. In metastatic CRACs, decreased PKCζ expression was correlated with a shortened metastasis-free survival. While increased Par3, Par6β, and PKCζ expressions were implicated in tumorigenesis, decreased expressions of Par3, Par6β, and PKCζ were found to be associated with worse clinicopathologic factors in CRAC. In particular, the results of our study suggest that PKCζ down-expression is an independent poor prognostic and metastatic factor for CRAC.
PhyloPars: estimation of missing parameter values using phylogeny.
Bruggeman, Jorn; Heringa, Jaap; Brandt, Bernd W
A wealth of information on metabolic parameters of a species can be inferred from observations on species that are phylogenetically related. Phylogeny-based information can complement direct empirical evidence, and is particularly valuable if experiments on the species of interest are not feasible. The PhyloPars web server provides a statistically consistent method that combines an incomplete set of empirical observations with the species phylogeny to produce a complete set of parameter estimates for all species. It builds upon a state-of-the-art evolutionary model, extended with the ability to handle missing data. The resulting approach makes optimal use of all available information to produce estimates that can be an order of magnitude more accurate than ad-hoc alternatives. Uploading a phylogeny and incomplete feature matrix suffices to obtain estimates of all missing values, along with a measure of certainty. Real-time cross-validation provides further insight in the accuracy and bias expected for estimated values. The server allows for easy, efficient estimation of metabolic parameters, which can benefit a wide range of fields including systems biology and ecology. PhyloPars is available at: http://www.ibi.vu.nl/programs/phylopars/.
Stress reactions involving the pars interarticularis in young athletes
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Jackson, D.W.; Wiltse, L.L.; Dingeman, R.D.; Hayes, M.
A stress reaction involving the pars interarticularis of the lumbar spine was confirmed in seven young athletes with a positive technetium pyrophosphate bone scan. No pars defects were detectable on their lumbosacral roentgenograms, which included oblique views. The return to normal levels of radioactive uptake on repeat bone scans correlated closely with their clinical course. If the bony reaction is recognized early, it may heal at a subroentgenographic level and prevent the development of lumbar spondylolysis. These early lesions usually show unilateral increased uptake at one lumbar level on the bone scan and, initially, the athlete localizes the pain to the corresponding unilateral lumbar paraspinous area. The ''one-legged hyperextension test'' is positive on the ipsilateral side and aggravates the pain. Treatment consists of avoiding the aggravating activities and resting. The average time for return to pain-free competition was 7.3 months. These developing defects may be the source of considerable prolonged disability in the young athlete, particularly if undiagnosed and untreated
Stress reactions involving the pars interarticularis in young athletes
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Jackson, D.W.; Wiltse, L.L.; Dingeman, R.D.; Hayes, M.
A stress reaction involving the pars interarticularis of the lumbar spine was confirmed in seven young athletes with a positive technetium pyrophosphate bone scan. No pars defects were detectable on their lumbosacral roentgenograms, which included oblique views. The return to normal levels of radioactive uptake on repeat bone scans correlated closely with their clinical course. If the bony reaction is recognized early, it may heal at a subroentgenographic level and prevent the development of lumbar spondylolysis. These early lesions usually show unilateral increased uptake at one lumbar level on the bone scan and, initially, the athlete localizes the pain to the corresponding unilateral lumbar paraspinous area. The ''one-legged hyperextension test'' is positive on the ipsilateral side and aggravates the pain. Treatment consists of avoiding the aggravating activities and resting. The average time for return to pain-free competition was 7.3 months. These developing defects may be the source of considerable prolonged disability in the young athlete, particularly if undiagnosed and untreated.
Paracrine Apoptotic Effect of p53 Mediated by Tumor Suppressor Par-4
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Ravshan Burikhanov
Full Text Available The guardian of the genome, p53, is often mutated in cancer and may contribute to therapeutic resistance. Given that p53 is intact and functional in normal tissues, we harnessed its potential to inhibit the growth of p53-deficient cancer cells. Specific activation of p53 in normal fibroblasts selectively induced apoptosis in p53-deficient cancer cells. This paracrine effect was mediated by p53-dependent secretion of the tumor suppressor Par-4. Accordingly, the activation of p53 in normal mice, but not p53−/− or Par-4−/− mice, caused systemic elevation of Par-4, which induced apoptosis of p53-deficient tumor cells. Mechanistically, p53 induced Par-4 secretion by suppressing the expression of its binding partner, UACA, which sequesters Par-4. Thus, normal cells can be empowered by p53 activation to induce Par-4 secretion for the inhibition of therapy-resistant tumors.
Estudos de parâmetros que influenciam na produção da enzima CGTase de Bacillus firmus, cepa nº 37 Study of parameters that influence the production of the enzyme CGTase from Bacillus firmus, strain no. 37
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Gisella Maria Zanin
Full Text Available As ciclodextrinas (CDs são oligossacarídeos cíclicos formados por resíduos de glucopiranose unidos por ligação α-1,4. As mais comuns são α-, β- e γ-CD contendo 6, 7 e 8 resíduos de glucopiranose, respectivamente. Elas são produzidas a partir do amido pela ação da enzima ciclodextrina glicosiltransferase (CGTase. Freqüentemente, β-CD é produzida em maior quantidade. Um estudo da otimização da produção da CGTase de Bacillus firmus cepa nº 37 (β-CGTase foi realizado. A produção da enzima ocorreu durante a fase de crescimento exponencial do microrganismo e a máxima atividade foi observada com três dias de cultivo a 37ºC. O melhor rendimento na produção da enzima foi obtido quando da utilização de pré-inóculo com absorbância entre 0,5 e 1,0 (660 nm. O uso do substrato maltodextrina para produção da enzima proporcionou uma atividade enzimática ao redor de 31% menor que o substrato amido solúvel. Portanto, o substrato maltodextrina não é adequado para melhorar a produção da enzima estudada.The cyclodextrins (CDs are cyclic oligosaccharides formed by residues of glucopyranose linked by α-1,4. The most common are the α-, β- and γ-CD that present 6, 7 and 8 units of glucopyranose, respectively. They are produced from starch by the action of the enzyme cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase. Frequently, β-CD is produced in larger amount. A study of optimization of the production of the CGTase from Bacillus firmus, strain no. 37 (β-CGTase was performed. The production of the enzyme occurred during the phase of exponential growth of the microorganism and the maximum activity was observed within three days of cultivation at 37ºC. The best production of the enzyme was obtained with inoculum of optical density between 0.5 and 1.0 (660 nm. The use of the maltodextrin for production of the enzyme provided an enzymatic activity at 31% lower than the substrate, soluble starch. Therefore, the substrate
Simulação e validação de parâmetros da cinética digestiva em novilhos mestiços suplementados a pasto, por intermédio do sistema in vitro de produção de gases Simulation and validation of digestive kinetic parameters using an in vitro gas production system in crossbred steers with pasture supplementation
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Edenio Detmann
Full Text Available Objetivou-se simular e validar a degradação ruminal dos carboidratos e o fluxo nitrogenado microbiano, estimados a partir de parâmetros da cinética de degradação ruminal de amostras de extrusa esofágica e de suplementos obtidos pela técnica in vitro de produção de gases. As estimativas in vivo foram obtidas em experimento de campo, no qual foram utilizados cinco novilhos mestiços Holandês x Zebu com idade e peso médios iniciais de 24 meses e 304 kg, manejados em cinco piquetes de B. decumbens (0,34 ha. Foram fornecidos suplementos (4 kg/animal/dia constituídos por fubá de milho, grão de soja integral, uréia, sulfato de amônia e mistura mineral, formulados para apresentarem níveis de 12, 16, 20 e 24% de proteína bruta, com base na matéria natural. O experimento foi conduzido em quatro períodos experimentais de 21 dias, em delineamento em quadrado latino 4 x 4. O quinto animal foi mantido sem suplementação, sendo utilizado como medida de comparação descritiva. A avaliação estatística foi feita por meio do ajustamento de equação de regressão linear simples de valores preditos in vitro sobre valores observados in vivo. A utilização das taxas de digestão específica obtidas in vitro implicou em sub e superestimação da degradação ruminal de carboidratos fibrosos (CF e não-fibrosos (CNF, cujos vícios globais do processo de de estimação foram de -25,27% e +33,58%, respectivamente. Os valores preditos de eficiência microbiana não mostraram relação significativa com os valores observados, refletindo falta de relação entre valores preditos e observados para o fluxo abomasal de nitrogênio microbiano. A avaliação de alimentos separadamente subestima a taxa de digestão específica de CF.The objective of this trial was simulate and validate the ruminal degradation of carbohydrates and the flow of microbial nitrogen, estimated from samples of esophageal extrusa and supplements, using an in vitro gas
Réduction du risque d'infection par le VIH au Botswana - essais ...
International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)
Au Botswana, ce sont les jeunes femmes qui sont le plus touchées par les nouvelles infections par le VIH. Le présent projet a pour but de réduire le nombre de nouveaux cas d'infection par le VIH, en particulier chez les femmes de 15 à 29 ans. Bien que l'on recense des cas de VIH/sida dans la plupart des régions du ...
Epidemiology of road traffic incidents in Peru 1973-2008: incidence, mortality, and fatality.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
J Jaime Miranda
Full Text Available The epidemiological profile and trends of road traffic injuries (RTIs in Peru have not been well-defined, though this is a necessary step to address this significant public health problem in Peru. The objective of this study was to determine trends of incidence, mortality, and fatality of RTIs in Peru during 1973-2008, as well as their relationship to population trends such as economic growth.Secondary aggregated databases were used to estimate incidence, mortality and fatality rate ratios (IRRs of RTIs. These estimates were standardized to age groups and sex of the 2008 Peruvian population. Negative binomial regression and cubic spline curves were used for multivariable analysis. During the 35-year period there were 952,668 road traffic victims, injured or killed. The adjusted yearly incidence of RTIs increased by 3.59 (95% CI 2.43-5.31 on average. We did not observe any significant trends in the yearly mortality rate. The total adjusted yearly fatality rate decreased by 0.26 (95% CI 0.15-0.43, while among adults the fatality rate increased by 1.25 (95% CI 1.09-1.43. Models fitted with splines suggest that the incidence follows a bimodal curve and closely followed trends in the gross domestic product (GDP per capita.The significant increasing incidence of RTIs in Peru affirms their growing threat to public health. A substantial improvement of information systems for RTIs is needed to create a more accurate epidemiologic profile of RTIs in Peru. This approach can be of use in other similar low and middle-income settings to inform about the local challenges posed by RTIs.
Epidemiology of Road Traffic Incidents in Peru 1973–2008: Incidence, Mortality, and Fatality
Miranda, J. Jaime; López-Rivera, Luis A.; Quistberg, D. Alex; Rosales-Mayor, Edmundo; Gianella, Camila; Paca-Palao, Ada; Luna, Diego; Huicho, Luis; Paca, Ada; Luis, López; Luna, Diego; Rosales, Edmundo; Best, Pablo; Best, Pablo; Egúsquiza, Miriam; Gianella, Camila; Lema, Claudia; Ludeña, Esperanza; Miranda, J. Jaime; Huicho, Luis
Background The epidemiological profile and trends of road traffic injuries (RTIs) in Peru have not been well-defined, though this is a necessary step to address this significant public health problem in Peru. The objective of this study was to determine trends of incidence, mortality, and fatality of RTIs in Peru during 1973–2008, as well as their relationship to population trends such as economic growth. Methods and Findings Secondary aggregated databases were used to estimate incidence, mortality and fatality rate ratios (IRRs) of RTIs. These estimates were standardized to age groups and sex of the 2008 Peruvian population. Negative binomial regression and cubic spline curves were used for multivariable analysis. During the 35-year period there were 952,668 road traffic victims, injured or killed. The adjusted yearly incidence of RTIs increased by 3.59 (95% CI 2.43–5.31) on average. We did not observe any significant trends in the yearly mortality rate. The total adjusted yearly fatality rate decreased by 0.26 (95% CI 0.15–0.43), while among adults the fatality rate increased by 1.25 (95% CI 1.09–1.43). Models fitted with splines suggest that the incidence follows a bimodal curve and closely followed trends in the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita Conclusions The significant increasing incidence of RTIs in Peru affirms their growing threat to public health. A substantial improvement of information systems for RTIs is needed to create a more accurate epidemiologic profile of RTIs in Peru. This approach can be of use in other similar low and middle-income settings to inform about the local challenges posed by RTIs. PMID:24927195
Standardizing the classification of abortion incidents: the Procedural Abortion Incident Reporting and Surveillance (PAIRS) Framework.
Taylor, Diana; Upadhyay, Ushma D; Fjerstad, Mary; Battistelli, Molly F; Weitz, Tracy A; Paul, Maureen E
To develop and validate standardized criteria for assessing abortion-related incidents (adverse events, morbidities, near misses) for first-trimester aspiration abortion procedures and to demonstrate the utility of a standardized framework [the Procedural Abortion Incident Reporting & Surveillance (PAIRS) Framework] for estimating serious abortion-related adverse events. As part of a California-based study of early aspiration abortion provision conducted between 2007 and 2013, we developed and validated a standardized framework for defining and monitoring first-trimester (≤14weeks) aspiration abortion morbidity and adverse events using multiple methods: a literature review, framework criteria testing with empirical data, repeated expert reviews and data-based revisions to the framework. The final framework distinguishes incidents resulting from procedural abortion care (adverse events) from morbidity related to pregnancy, the abortion process and other nonabortion related conditions. It further classifies incidents by diagnosis (confirmatory data, etiology, risk factors), management (treatment type and location), timing (immediate or delayed), seriousness (minor or major) and outcome. Empirical validation of the framework using data from 19,673 women receiving aspiration abortions revealed almost an equal proportion of total adverse events (n=205, 1.04%) and total abortion- or pregnancy-related morbidity (n=194, 0.99%). The majority of adverse events were due to retained products of conception (0.37%), failed attempted abortion (0.15%) and postabortion infection (0.17%). Serious or major adverse events were rare (n=11, 0.06%). Distinguishing morbidity diagnoses from adverse events using a standardized, empirically tested framework confirms the very low frequency of serious adverse events related to clinic-based abortion care. The PAIRS Framework provides a useful set of tools to systematically classify and monitor abortion-related incidents for first
Otimização dos parâmetros de produção de hidrolisados protéicos enzimáticos utilizando pescado de baixo valor comercial Optimization of the production parameters for enzymatic protein hydrolyzed using low commercial value fish
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Sarita D´Avila dos Santos
Full Text Available The enzymatic modification of proteins has been widely studied with the aim of add value to low commercial value fish. The objective of this work was to evaluate and optimize the parameters involved in the production process of an enzymatic protein hydrolyzed with high protein content. The results showed that for Alcalase the most significant parameters were temperature, pH and substrate concentration and for Flavourzyme were pH, substrate concentration and enzyme concentration. It was obtained for Alcalase a predictive model for the recovered nitrogen and for Flavourzyme a predictive model for the hydrolysis degree.
Dynamique de nanobulles et nanoplasmas generes autour de nanoparticules plasmoniques irradiees par des impulsions ultracourtes
Dagallier, Adrien
L'emergence des lasers a impulsion ultrabreves et des nanotechnologies a revolutionne notre perception et notre maniere d'interagir avec l'infiniment petit. Les gigantesques intensites generees par ces impulsions plus courtes que les temps de relaxation ou de diffusion du milieu irradie induisent de nombreux phenomenes non-lineaires, du doublement de frequence a l'ablation, dans des volumes de dimension caracteristique de l'ordre de la longueur d'onde du laser. En biologie et en medecine, ces phenomenes sont utilises a des fins d'imagerie multiphotonique ou pour detruire des tissus vivants. L'introduction de nanoparticules plasmoniques, qui concentrent le champ electromagnetique incident dans des regions de dimensions nanometriques, jusqu'a une fraction de la longueur d'onde, amplifie les phenomenes non-lineaires tout en offrant un controle beaucoup plus precis de la deposition d'energie, ouvrant la voie a la detection de molecules individuelles en solution et a la nanochirurgie. La nanochirurgie repose principalement sur la formation d'une bulle de vapeur a proximite d'une membrane cellulaire. Cette bulle de vapeur perce la membrane de maniere irreversible,entrainant la cellule a sa mort, ou la perturbe temporairement, ce qui permet d'envisager de faire penetrer dans la cellule des medicaments ou des brins d'ADN pour de la therapie genique. C'est principalement la taille de la bulle qui va decider de l'issue de l'irradiation laser. Il est donc necessaire de controler finement les parametres du laser et la geometrie de la nanoparticule afin d'atteindre l'objectif fixe. Le moyen le plus direct a l'heure actuelle de valider un ensemble de conditions experimentales est de realiser l'experience en laboratoire,ce qui est long et couteux. Les modeles de dynamique de bulle existants ne prennent pas en compte les parametres de l'irradiation et ajustent souvent leurs conditions initiales a partir de leurs mesures experimentales, ce qui limite la portee du modele au cas pour
Magnetic activity and radial velocity filtering of young Suns: the weak-line T-Tauri stars Par 1379 and Par 2244
Hill, C. A.; Carmona, A.; Donati, J.-F.; Hussain, G. A. J.; Gregory, S. G.; Alencar, S. H. P.; Bouvier, J.; The Matysse Collaboration
We report the results of our spectropolarimetric monitoring of the weak-line T-Tauri stars (wTTSs) Par 1379 and Par 2244, within the MaTYSSE (Magnetic Topologies of Young Stars and the Survival of close-in giant Exoplanets) programme. Both stars are of a similar mass (1.6 and 1.8 M⊙) and age (1.8 and 1.1 Myr), with Par 1379 hosting an evolved low-mass dusty circumstellar disc, and with Par 2244 showing evidence of a young debris disc. We detect profile distortions and Zeeman signatures in the unpolarized and circularly polarized lines for each star, and have modelled their rotational modulation using tomographic imaging, yielding brightness and magnetic maps. We find that Par 1379 harbours a weak (250 G), mostly poloidal field tilted 65° from the rotation axis. In contrast, Par 2244 hosts a stronger field (860 G) split 3:2 between poloidal and toroidal components, with most of the energy in higher order modes, and with the poloidal component tilted 45° from the rotation axis. Compared to the lower mass wTTSs, V819 Tau and V830 Tau, Par 2244 has a similar field strength, but is much more complex, whereas the much less complex field of Par 1379 is also much weaker than any other mapped wTTS. We find moderate surface differential rotation of 1.4× and 1.8× smaller than Solar, for Par 1379 and Par 2244, respectively. Using our tomographic maps to predict the activity-related radial velocity (RV) jitter, and filter it from the RV curves, we find RV residuals with dispersions of 0.017 and 0.086 km s-1 for Par 1379 and Par 2244, respectively. We find no evidence for close-in giant planets around either star, with 3σ upper limits of 0.56 and 3.54 MJup (at an orbital distance of 0.1 au).
Effect of a physical activity intervention on suPAR levels
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Rohde, Christopher; Polcwiartek, Christoffer; Andersen, Eivind
OBJECTIVES: Soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a novel inflammatory marker, associated with lifestyle diseases and mortality risk. No studies have investigated whether physical activity may reduce suPAR levels using a randomized controlled design. DESIGN AND METHODS:.......219-0.215). Similar results were found for CRP levels. CONCLUSION: There was no change in suPAR levels after regular exercise compared to a control group implying that suPAR rather reflects underlying harmful inflammatory responses associated with disease development....
IGF-II receptors in luminal and basolateral membranes isolated from pars convoluta and pars recta of rabbit proximal tubule
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Jacobsen, Christian; Jessen, H; Flyvbjerg, A
The binding of 125I-labeled insulin-like growth factor-II (125I-IGF-II) to luminal and basolateral membrane vesicles isolated from pars convoluta and the straight part (pars recta) of rabbit proximal tubule was investigated. Analyses of the binding data by use of the general stoichiometric binding...... equation revealed, that in all preparations IGF-II was bound to one high-affinity binding site and other sites with lower affinities. The specificity of the high-affinity 125I-IGF-II binding to the membrane vesicles assessed by displacement by unlabeled IGF-II, IGF-I and insulin showed that IGF-I displaced...... 125I-IGF-II in the range 22.5-47.9 nM (IC50) whereas insulin did not effect 125I-IGF-II binding at all. beta-Galactosidase inhibited the 125I-IGF-II binding with half-maximal inhibition of 20-30 nM beta-galactosidase. D-Mannose 6-phosphate increased the binding of 125I-IGF-II and reversed...
Patterns of axonal branching of neurons of the substantia nigra pars reticulata and pars lateralis in the rat.
Cebrián, Carolina; Parent, André; Prensa, Lucía
Axons from neurons of the rat substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) and pars lateralis (SNl) were traced after injecting their cell body with biotinylated dextran amine. Thirty-two single axons were reconstructed from serial sagittal sections with a camera lucida, whereas four other SNr axons were reconstructed in the coronal plane to determine whether they innervate the contralateral hemisphere. Four distinct types of SNr projection neurons were identified based on their main axonal targets: type I neurons that project to the thalamus; type II neurons that target the thalamus, the superior colliculus (SC), and the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg); type III neurons that project to the periaqueductal gray matter and the thalamus; and type IV neurons that target the deep mesencephalic nucleus (DpMe) and the SC. The axons of the SNl showed the same branching patterns as SNr axons of types I, II, and IV. The coronal reconstructions demonstrated that SNr neurons innervate the thalamus, the SC, and the DpMe bilaterally. At the thalamic level, SNr and SNl axons targeted preferentially the ventral medial, ventral lateral, paracentral, parafascicular, and mediodorsal nuclei. Axons reaching the SC arborized selectively within the deep layers of this structure. Our results reveal that the SNr and SNl harbor several subtypes of projection neurons endowed with a highly patterned set of axon collaterals. This organization allows single neurons of these output structures of the basal ganglia to exert a multifaceted influence on a wide variety of diencephalic and midbrain structures. (c) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Electrochemical reduction of graphited materials in LiClO{sub 4}-EC and LiClO{sub 4}-PC media: characterization of interface products by transmission electron microscopy; Reduction electrochimique de materiaux graphites en milieux LiCIO{sub 4}-EC et LiCIO{sub 4}-PC: caracterisation des produits d`interface par microscopie electronique a transmission
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Billaud, D.; Naji, A.; Ghanbaja, J. [Universite Henri Poincare Nancy, 54 - Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy (France); Willmann, P. [Centre National d`Etudes Spatiales (CNES), 31 - Toulouse (France)
The electrochemical intercalation of non-solvated lithium in different graphited materials has been performed in LiClO{sub 4}-ethylene carbonate (EC) medium. The irreversible capacity observed during the first output is mainly due to the formation of a passivation layer made of electrolyte reduction products. These products have been characterized for different electrode reduction potentials using transmission electron microscopy (image, diffraction) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). EC reduction on the electrode surface in presence of LiClO{sub 4} leads to the formation of Li{sub 2}CO{sub 3} for potentials close to 0.8 V vs Li{sup +}/Li. For lower potentials, the electrolyte reduction reaction goes on with the formation of different lithium alkyl-carbonates. In LiClO{sub 4}-propylene carbonate (PC) medium, the interface phenomena are different. The reduction of a graphite electrode is characterized by the exfoliation phenomenon which hinders lithium intercalation. On the contrary, the formation of the passivation layer by graphite reduction in LiClO{sub 4}-EC medium allows the cycling of the electrode in the LiClO{sub 4}-PC electrolyte. In this case, the irreversible capacity observed during the first output depends on the experimental conditions of formation of the passivation layer. Abstract only. (J.S.)
Detecting Terrorism Incidence Type from News Summary
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Nizamani, Sarwat; Memon, Nasrullah
The paper presents the experiments to detect terrorism incidence type from news summary data. We have applied classification techniques on news summary data to analyze the incidence and detect the type of incidence. A number of experiments are conducted using various classification algorithms...... and results show that a simple decision tree classifier can learn incidence type with satisfactory results from news data....
Parámetros Genéticos para Algunas Características Productivas y Reproductivas en un Hato Holstein del Oriente Antioqueño, Colombia Genetic Parameters for Some Productive and Reproductive Traits in a Dairy Herd in Eastern Antioquia, Colombia
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Katerinne Quiroz Osorio
Full Text Available La edad y el peso al primer parto y otros caracteres productivos y reproductivos son importantes porque determinan el desempeño futuro de las vacas lecheras, su análisis permite definir metas relacionadas con el inicio de la vida productiva de las mismas, influyendo directamente en el costo del periodo de crecimiento y desarrollo. En esta investigación se estimaron las heredabilidades (h2 y algunas correlaciones genéticas y fenotípicas para edad y peso al primer servicio, edad y peso al servicio fértil, producción en primera y segunda lactancia y algunas otras características relacionadas con el desempeño general de las vacas durante su vida. Fueron analizadas 928 lactancias de 184 vacas de la raza Holstein nacidas entre 1985 y 2006 en un hato lechero del departamento de Antioquia. Los componentes de varianza fueron estimados mediante análisis univariados con la metodología de máxima verosimilitud restricta libre de derivadas y las correlaciones se estimaron directamente con la información fenotípica y los valores genéticos estimados. Se utilizó el programa SAS 9,0 para la edición de los datos y los análisis estadísticos y el software MTDFREML para el análisis genético. No se encontró efecto significativo (P>0,05 de la edad y peso al primer servicio con producción de leche en primera y segunda lactancia, ni con caracteres reproductivos, la edad y el peso al primer servicio fértil tuvieron efecto altamente significativo (PThe age and weight at first calving and other productive and reproductive traits are decisive because are important for the future performance of dairy cows, their analysis allows to define some goals related to the start of productive life of those, influencing direct economic cost of the period of growth and development. In this research, were estimated the heritability (h2 and some genetic and phenotypic correlations of age and weight at first service, age and weight at fertile service, milk yield at
Primary Productivity, SeaWiFS and Pathfinder, 0.1 degrees, Global, EXPERIMENTAL
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Primary Productivity is calculated from SeaWiFS Chl a, Pathfinder SST, and SeaWiFS PAR data. THIS IS AN EXPERIMENTAL PRODUCT: intended strictly for scientific...
Report: future industrial solid waste management in pars Special Economic Energy Zone (PSEEZ), Iran.
Mokhtarani, Babak; Moghaddam, Mohammad Reza Alavi; Mokhtarani, Nader; Khaledi, Hossein Jomeh
The Pars Special Economic Energy Zone (PSEEZ) is located in the south of Iran, on the northern coastline of the Persian Gulf. This area was established in 1998 for the utilization of south Pars field oil and gas resources. This field is one of the largest gas resources in the world and contains about 6% of the total fossil fuels known. Petrochemical industries, gas refineries and downstream industries are being constructed in this area. At present there are three gas refineries in operation and five more gas refineries are under construction. In this study, different types of solid waste including municipal solid waste (MSW) and industrial wastes were investigated separately. The aim of the study was to focus on the management of the industrial wastes in order to minimize the environmental impact. In the first stage, the types and amounts of industrial waste in PSEEZ were evaluated by an inventory. The main types of industrial waste are oil products (fuel oil, light oil, lubricating oil), spent catalysts, adsorbents, resins, coke, wax and packaging materials. The waste management of PSEEZ is quite complex because of the different types of industry and the diversity of industrial residues. In some cases recycling/reuse of waste is the best option, but treatment and disposal are also necessary tools. Recently a design has been prepared for a disposal site in PSEEZ for the industrial waste that cannot be reused or recycled. The total surface area of this disposal site where the industrial waste should be tipped for the next 20 years was estimated to be about 42 000 m2.
Proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma alter tight junction structure and function in the rat parotid gland Par-C10 cell line.
Baker, Olga J; Camden, Jean M; Redman, Robert S; Jones, Jonathan E; Seye, Cheikh I; Erb, Laurie; Weisman, Gary A
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation and dysfunction of salivary glands, resulting in impaired secretory function. The production of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is elevated in exocrine glands of patients with SS, although little is known about the effects of these cytokines on salivary epithelial cell functions necessary for saliva secretion, including tight junction (TJ) integrity and the establishment of transepithelial ion gradients. The present study demonstrates that chronic exposure of polarized rat parotid gland (Par-C10) epithelial cell monolayers to TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma decreases transepithelial resistance (TER) and anion secretion, as measured by changes in short-circuit current (I(sc)) induced by carbachol, a muscarinic cholinergic receptor agonist, or UTP, a P2Y(2) nucleotide receptor agonist. In contrast, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma had no effect on agonist-induced increases in the intracellular calcium concentration [Ca(2+)](i) in Par-C10 cells. Furthermore, treatment of Par-C10 cell monolayers with TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma increased paracellular permeability to normally impermeant proteins, altered cell and TJ morphology, and downregulated the expression of the TJ protein, claudin-1, but not other TJ proteins expressed in Par-C10 cells. The decreases in TER, agonist-induced transepithelial anion secretion, and claudin-1 expression caused by TNF-alpha, but not IFN-gamma, were reversible by incubation of Par-C10 cell monolayers with cytokine-free medium for 24 h, indicating that IFN-gamma causes irreversible inhibition of cellular activities associated with fluid secretion in salivary glands. Our results suggest that cytokine production is an important contributor to secretory dysfunction in SS by disrupting TJ integrity of salivary epithelium.
Un « gouvernement des journalistes par le Pouvoir politique » par défaut ?
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Matthieu Lardeau
Full Text Available Cet article présente les interactions de deux mouvements concomitants apparusprincipalement dans les décennies 1950 à 1970 dans le champ de la presse française : d'un côté les initiatives – consécutives à la démarche pionnière, en 1951, de création de la première Société des journalistes (SDJ au sein du Monde – menées par les journalistes de rédactions de quotidiens pour créer des SDJ dont la destination peut aller jusqu'à gouverner les journaux; de l'autre côté, les « réponses » apportées par les Pouvoirs politique et public pour contenir ces initiatives visant à étendre le pouvoir des journalistes dans la gestion et la gouvernance de leurs journaux. Cette étude exploratoire repose principalement sur l'analyse de deux types de littérature, souvent déconsidérés ou négligés par le champ académique, en dépit de leur grande richesse : (1 la littérature professionnelle, ayant pour principaux auteurs les journalistes et managers de presse (Périer Daville, Boegner, Pigasse, etc., florissante depuis 1944 et singulièrement durant les décennies 1960 et 1970 ; (2 la littérature grise constituée notamment par des rapports publics rédigés par des institutions comme les services du Premier ministre (commissions Lindon de 1970 et Serisé de 1972, le Conseil économique et social, etc. Nos principaux résultats montrent que les propositions ou actions menées par les journalistes (1 restent le plus souvent inexploitées in concreto par les journalistes eux-mêmes; (2 entrent le plus souvent en opposition avec les politiques de nouveaux actionnaires ou directions de journaux et avec les projets des autorités politiques et publiques qui cherchent à encadrer l'autonomie de la profession journalistique pour mieux gouverner celle-ci ; (3 combien in fine les représentants des différents acteurs impliqués s'accordent pour contenir l'émergence d'un « gouvernement des journalistes » par les
Incidence of childhood pneumonia: facility-based surveillance estimate compared to measured incidence in a South African birth cohort study.
le Roux, David M; Myer, Landon; Nicol, Mark P; Zar, Heather J
Pneumonia is the leading cause of childhood mortality and a major contributor to childhood morbidity, but accurate measurement of pneumonia incidence is challenging. We compared pneumonia incidence using a facility-based surveillance system to estimates from a cohort study conducted contemporaneously in the same community in Cape Town, South Africa. A surveillance system was developed in six public sector primary care clinics and in a regional referral hospital, to detect childhood pneumonia cases. Nurses recorded all children presenting to facilities who met WHO case definitions of pneumonia, and hospital records were reviewed. Estimates of pneumonia incidence and severity were compared with incidence rates based on active surveillance in the Drakenstein Child Health Study. From June 2012 until September 2013, the surveillance system detected 306 pneumonia episodes in children under 1 year of age, an incidence of 0.20 episodes/child-year (e/cy) (95% CI 0.17 to 0.22 e/cy). The incidence in the cohort study from the same period was 0.27 e/cy (95% CI 0.23 to 0.32 e/cy). Pneumonia incidence in the surveillance system was almost 30% lower than in the birth cohort; incidence rate ratio 0.72 (95% CI 0.58 to 0.89). In the surveillance system, 18% were severe pneumonia cases, compared to 23% in the birth cohort, rate ratio 0.81 (95% CI 0.55 to 1.18). In this setting, facility-based pneumonia surveillance detected fewer cases of pneumonia, and fewer severe cases, compared to the corresponding cohort study. Facility pneumonia surveillance using data collected by local healthcare workers provides a useful estimate of the epidemiology of childhood pneumonia but may underestimate incidence and severity. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/
L'authentification rapide des poulets de chair sous label: distinction entre poulets issus de souches à croissance lente ou rapide par la spectrometrie dans le proche infrarouge. Analytical methods for the authentification of agro-food products. Gembloux (Belgium. 20 Oct 1999
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Fumiere O.
Full Text Available Rapid authentification of certified chicken meat: distinguishing slow and fast growing chicken strains using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Chicken meat market is characterized by numerous quality marks in Belgium and in Europe: ""Label de Qualite Wallon"" in Belgium, ""Label Rouge"" in France, Labels for geographical origin, organic agriculture, ... The authors have already tested, Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS to authenticate slow growing chicken meats. Their study was extended on a larger set and takes account of special labelling according to European regulation 91/1538/CEE. Our results show that the technique could be integrated in an analytical system of surveillance of slow-growing chicken meat products with quality mark.
Regulatory corpus related to the contamination of food products by radionuclides. Application in France and comparative study with Belgium, United-Kingdom, Switzerland and Norway. Report nr 298; Corpus reglementaires relatifs a la contamination des denrees alimentaires par les radionucleides. Application en France et etude comparative avec la Belgique, Le Royaume-Uni, la Suisse et la Norvege. Rapport no. 298
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Bataille, C.; Crouail, P.
The first part of this report gives an overview of the international legal context: arrangements of the Codex Alimentarius, standards established by the Codex Alimentarius Committee on food additives and contaminants, recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection, role of the IAEA. The second part presents European regulations: those adopted after the Chernobyl accident, those to be applied in case of a radiological accident. A synthesis of international and European regulations is proposed. The regulations applicable in France are presented (protection of population against hazards of ionizing radiations, application modalities). The other parts of the report present the legal framework, the modalities of food product control, and the post-Chernobyl peculiarities for Belgium, the United Kingdom, Switzerland and Norway. The author finally proposes a synthesis and a comparative analysis
Micro-seismicity induced by hydrocarbon production: contribution to localization of events and identification of the source mechanisms through the use of dynamic friction models; Contribution a la localisation des evenements et l'identification des mecanismes au foyer en micro-sismicite induite par l'exploitation d'hydrocarbures. Utilisation des modeles de frottement dynamique
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Mohammedi, H.
Oil production or any injection of fluid in a geological medium is likely to impose variations of stresses which might generate micro-seismicity. We examine whether the use of dynamic friction models could allow for a better determination of mechanics on the fault plane from borehole seismometers. We sought to identify the friction law model from seismogram observation. Before dealing with this inverse problem, we examined the direct problem generating synthetic seismograms at virtual stations, on the basis of a postulated friction law using the FD3D earthquake simulation code and the AXITRA radiation computation code. Treatment of two different laws, one of which is an original variation of the Dietrich-Ruina law, leads to similar seismograms. This might indicate that systematic inversion for the friction law only from seismogram observation might reveal difficult. (authors)
Mesures de taux de production d'éléments gazeux et volatiles lors de réactions induites par des protons de 1 et 1,4 GeV sur des cibles épaisses de plomb-bismuth liquides
Tall, Yoro
The integrated project EUROTRANS (European Research Programme for the Transmutation of High Level Nuclear Waste in an Accelerator Driven System) of the 6th Euratom Framework Programme aims to demonstrate the transmutation of radioactive waste in ADS (Accelerator Driven Sub-critical system). It will carry out a first advanced design of an experimental facility to demonstrate the technical feasibility of transmutation, and will produce a conceptual design of an industrial facility dedicated to transmutation. An ADS consists of three fundamental elements: the accelerator of protons, the sub-critical core and the spallation target which one molten lead-bismuth concept is studied by the SUBATECH (physique SUBAtomique et des TECHnologies associées) laboratory in Nantes. The irradiation of molten lead-bismuth target with energetic proton beam generates volatile and radioactive residues. In order to determine experimentally the production rates of gas and volatile elements following a spallation reaction in a lead-b...
Prevalence, incidence and molecular identification of root-knot ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Tomato is a widely grown vegetable in Pakistan. However, its production is severely constrained by root knot nematodes (RKNs). Accurate identification of RKNs is essential for an appropriate control program. The current study evaluated the prevalence, incidence and diversity of RKNs of tomato crops grown in the Khyber ...
Effects of PAR and UV-B radiation on herbal yield, bioactive compounds and their antioxidant capacity of some medicinal plants under controlled environmental conditions.
Manukyan, Artur
Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and Ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation are among the main environmental factors acting on herbal yield and biosynthesis of bioactive compounds in medicinal plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of biologically effective UV-B light (280-315 nm) and PAR (400-700 nm) on herbal yield, content and composition, as well as antioxidant capacity of essential oils and polyphenols of lemon catmint (Nepeta cataria L. f. citriodora), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) and sage (Salvia officinalis L.) under controlled greenhouse cultivation. Intensive UV-B radiation (2.5 kJ m(-2) d(-1) ) influenced positively the herbal yield. The essential oil content and composition of studied herbs were mainly affected by PAR and UV-B radiation. In general, additional low-dose UV-B radiation (1 kJ m(-2) d(-1) ) was most effective for biosynthesis of polyphenols in herbs. Analysis of major polyphenolic compounds provided differences in sensitivity of main polyphenols to PAR and UV-B radiation. Essential oils and polyphenol-rich extracts of radiated herbs showed essential differences in antioxidant capacity by the ABTS system. Information from this study can be useful for herbal biomass and secondary metabolite production with superior quality under controlled environment conditions. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Photochemistry and Photobiology © 2012 The American Society of Photobiology.
Cancro em mogno africano no estado do Pará
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Célia Regina Tremacoldi
Full Text Available Sintomas de cancro foram observados em plantios de mogno africano, no município de Dom Eliseu, Pará. Os fungos associados aos tecidos sintomáticos foram identificados como Lasiodiplodia theobromae e Fusarium subglutinans. Culturas puras desses fungos foram testadas quanto à patogenicidade em mudas de mogno africano sadias. Apenas L. theobromae produziu cancro, por meio de inoculação por ferimento e alta umidade. A confirmação de L. theobromae como agente causal do cancro ocorreu após o reisolamento do fungo a partir das plantas inoculadas em casa de vegetação, concluindo a primeira verificação do postulado de Koch para esse patossistema.
Hemangioma capilar de la parótida. Abordaje transoral
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Luis Domingo Sarra
Presentamos un caso en una paciente adulta que consultó por una masa en la región parotídea y parálisis facial periférica con el mayor componente tumoral que se manifestaba en la cavidad oral. La ecografía mostró una masa sólida. La punción aspiración con aguja fina fue negativa con material hemático en 2 oportunidades. No tuvimos sospecha de la presencia de un tumor de origen vascular, por lo que no fue solicitada una RMN. El caso fue resuelto a través de un abordaje quirúrgico poco utilizado, tras obtener una biopsia por congelación negativa.
Parálisis cerebral. Tratamiento ortopodológico
Querol Martínez, Esther; Crespo Martínez, Artur; Concustell Gonfaus, Josep; Sacristán Valero, Sergi; Concustell Fargas, Olga; Carrera Casanova, Ana
Después de varios años de experiencia en la aplicación de las férulas estabilizadoras del sistema aquileocalcáneo plantar FESAP) en pacientes con parálisis cerebral, creemos que deberían ser el tratamiento ortopodológico de elección del pie equino en niños con miopatías y lesiones neurológlcas de la unidad motora, del sistema piramidal o extrapiramidal, tanto por su perfecta adaptación a la morfología de la extremidad inferior como por sus caracteristicas funcionales y sus acciones fisio1ógic...
Myopathy in horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (Cushing's disease).
Aleman, M; Watson, J L; Williams, D C; LeCouteur, R A; Nieto, J E; Shelton, G D
Fifteen horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction were studied. The horses were of various breeds and between 15 and 28 years of age. Control horses matched for breed and age were studied for comparison. Evaluations included complete blood cell count and serum biochemical analysis, electromyography, and gluteus medius muscle biopsies for histochemical, morphometric, and ultrastructural analysis. No differences were found between groups of horses on routine laboratory analysis or electromyography. We demonstrated that muscle wasting in diseased horses was the result of atrophy of types 2A and 2B muscle fibers and loss of type 2B myofibers. Mild non-specific non-inflammatory myopathic alterations such as myofiber size variation, internal nuclei, perimysial, endomysial and sarcoplasmic fat accumulation were observed. At the ultrastructural level, subsarcolemmal mitochondrial accumulation and increased lipid droplets were evident. Similar to other species, this study confirmed atrophy of type 2 fibers as the cause of muscle mass loss in horses with Cushing's disease.
Paternal age related schizophrenia (PARS): Latent subgroups detected by k-means clustering analysis.
Lee, Hyejoo; Malaspina, Dolores; Ahn, Hongshik; Perrin, Mary; Opler, Mark G; Kleinhaus, Karine; Harlap, Susan; Goetz, Raymond; Antonius, Daniel
Paternal age related schizophrenia (PARS) has been proposed as a subgroup of schizophrenia with distinct etiology, pathophysiology and symptoms. This study uses a k-means clustering analysis approach to generate hypotheses about differences between PARS and other cases of schizophrenia. We studied PARS (operationally defined as not having any family history of schizophrenia among first and second-degree relatives and fathers' age at birth ≥ 35 years) in a series of schizophrenia cases recruited from a research unit. Data were available on demographic variables, symptoms (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; PANSS), cognitive tests (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised; WAIS-R) and olfaction (University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test; UPSIT). We conducted a series of k-means clustering analyses to identify clusters of cases containing high concentrations of PARS. Two analyses generated clusters with high concentrations of PARS cases. The first analysis (N=136; PARS=34) revealed a cluster containing 83% PARS cases, in which the patients showed a significant discrepancy between verbal and performance intelligence. The mean paternal and maternal ages were 41 and 33, respectively. The second analysis (N=123; PARS=30) revealed a cluster containing 71% PARS cases, of which 93% were females; the mean age of onset of psychosis, at 17.2, was significantly early. These results strengthen the evidence that PARS cases differ from other patients with schizophrenia. Hypothesis-generating findings suggest that features of PARS may include a discrepancy between verbal and performance intelligence, and in females, an early age of onset. These findings provide a rationale for separating these phenotypes from others in future clinical, genetic and pathophysiologic studies of schizophrenia and in considering responses to treatment. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Comparação de produtos de radiação solar incidente à superfície para a América do Sul Product comparison of solar radiation incident surface for South America
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Lucía Iracema Chipponelli Pinto
Full Text Available Para algumas aplicações meteorológicas, o conhecimento da radiação solar incidente à superfície (Sin é muito importante. Métodos convencionais de medida deste fluxo são pontuais e, portanto, representativos de pequenas áreas. Por outro lado, os satélites meteorológicos possibilitam uma cobertura regular de todo o globo terrestre, proporcionando estimativas de fluxos radiativos sobre grandes áreas com resolução espacial do sensor (apenas alguns quilômetros. Além disso, produtos de reanálise fornecem estimativas alternativas de Sin, que precisam ser adequadamente validadas. Este trabalho compara quatro bancos de dados de radiação solar incidente para a América do Sul: três produtos provenientes de reanálise (NCEP/NCAR, ERA-40 e Eta/CPTEC e o produto gerado pelo algoritmo GL1.2, que produz estimativas da Sin a partir do conjunto de imagens do satélite GOES. Os resultados mostram que os campos de radiação solar incidente dos produtos de reanálise do NCEP/NCAR, ERA-40 e as estimativas do satélite GOES apresentam valores médios mensais bem próximos para todos os biomas e bacias estudados. Já a reanálise do Eta/CPTEC apresentou valores bem mais elevados para à radiação sobre a América do Sul, tanto para a média anual como nas médias mensais analisadas.For some meteorological applications, knowledge of incoming solar radiation at surface level (Sin is very important. Conventional measurements of this flux by individual sensors are representative of small areas only. On the other hand, meteorological satellites allow a regular cover of the entire globe, providing estimates of radiative fluxes over wide areas, within the spatial resolution of the sensor (a few km. In addition, reanalysis products provide alternative Sin estimates that must be adequately validated. This work compares four long-term Sin databases for South America: three reanalysis products (NCEP/NCAR, ERA-40 e Eta/CPTEC and the database produced by
Determination of tritium by counting; Dosage du tritium par comptage
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Schott, R.; Froment, G.; Pinson, J.; Genty, C. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Bruyeres-le-Chatel (France). Centre d' Etudes
Ionisation chamber assay of tritium in any gaseous mixture is a simple, fast and accurate method. We used the method of relative determination by comparison to a standard rather than the method of absolute assay in which case the constants are known with too little accuracy. The efficiency of the chamber was studied in connection to the pressure inside the chamber and its total volume. The calibration is linear in the range we are taking into account (1 to 80 millicuries). The reproducibility of the method is good: 13 runs gave a coefficient of variation of 1.6 per cent. The relative accuracy was found equal to {+-} 1.3 per cent. To end the paper, we describe in detail the apparatus and the ways of proceedings. (authors) [French] Le comptage du tritium par chambre d'ionisation est une methode simple, rapide et precise pour determiner la teneur en tritium d'un melange gazeux quelconque. Nous avons prefere utiliser la methode de determination relative par rapport a un etalon car, dans le cas d'une determination absolue, les constantes sont connues avec une trop grande incertitude. L'efficacite de la chambre a ete etudiee en fonction de la variation de la pression d'argon a l'interieur de la chambre et du volume total, de cette derniere. L'etalonnage s'est revele lineaire dans le domaine de mesures qui nous interessaient (1 a 80 millicuries). La reproductibillte de la methode est tres bonne, le coefficient de variation pour une serie de 13 essais etant de 1,6 pour cent, quant a la precision relative, elle a ete evaluee a {+-} 1,3 pour cent. Pour terminer, nous donnons une description detaillee de l'appareillage utilise et du mode operatoire suivi. (auteurs)
Clinical outcomes of pars plicata anterior vitrectomy: 2-year results
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Priya Narang
Full Text Available Purpose: To demonstrate the safety and outcome of a surgical approach that uses pars plicata site for anterior vitrectomy during phacoemulsification procedure complicated by posterior capsule rupture and residual cortical matter. Design: Single center, retrospective, interventional, noncomparative study. Materials and Methods: Medical records of a consecutive series of 35 eyes of 35 patients who underwent pars plicata anterior vitrectomy (PPAV were reviewed. The main outcome measures were corrected and uncorrected distance visual acuity (CDVA, UDVA, early and late postoperative complications and intraocular pressure (IOP. Ultrasound biomicroscopic (UBM evaluation of sclerotomy site and spectral domain optical coherence tomography analysis for central macular thickness (CMT was performed. The final visual outcome at 2 years was evaluated. Results: At 2 years follow-up, the mean postoperative UDVA (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution [logMAR] and CDVA (logMAR was 0.49 ± 0.26 and 0.19 ± 0.14, respectively. There was no significant change in the IOP (P = 0.061 and the mean CMT at 2 years was 192.5 ± 5.54 mm. The postoperative UBM image of the sclerotomy site at 8 weeks demonstrated a clear wound without any vitreous adhesion or incarceration. Intraoperative hyphema was seen in 1 (2.8% case and postoperative uveitis was seen in 2 (5.7% cases, which resolved with medications. No case of an iatrogenic retinal break or retinal detachment was reported. Conclusions: PPAV enables a closed chamber approach, allows thorough cleanup of vitreous in the pupillary plane and anterior chamber and affords better access to the subincisional and retropupillary cortical remnant with a significant visual outcome and an acceptable complication rate.
Physiological bases for detecting and predicting photoinhibition of aquatic photosynthesis by PAR and UV radiation
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Neale, P.J.; Cullen, J.J.; Lesser, M.P.; Melis, A.
Phytoplankton photosynthesis is the basis of almost all aquatic primary production in the world's oceans, estuaries and lakes. Oceanic primary production is a major portion of the global carbon budget (see other contributions this volume). Currently, we are unable to account for all the CO 2 that is leaving the atmosphere and debate continues whether the ''missing carbon'' is going into either terrestrial and oceanic sinks (7). In this context, it is important to improve our knowledge of how phytoplankton photosynthesis responds to the aquatic environment. The aquatic light environment is primary among several factors governing aquatic photosynthesis. To understand phytoplankton response to aquatic irradiance, we must consider how light propagates underwater, variations in light spectral quality as well as intensity. Also important is how these optical characteristics relate to processes of light absorption and utilization by phytoplankton cells. Considerable progress has been made on answering many of these questions (e.g. 27). One topic, phytoplankton responses to irradiance stress induced by photosynthetically available radiation (PAR2) and UJV, has become increasingly important. The primary consequence in both cases is a time-dependent loss of photosynthetic activity (photo inhibition). Concern over the effects of solar UV irradiance has recently intensified with the advent of stratospheric ozone depletion, which allows for an increase of the mid-ultraviolet (UVB 280-320 nm)irradiance, especially in the Antarctic. The sensitivity of phytoplankton photosynthesis to irradiance stress can be readily demonstrated (36), however,showing whether this stress actually occurs in the aquatic environment remains difficult. The essential problem is that phytoplankton are in suspension. Their irradiance exposure will be determined by mixing processes that transport cells over a vertical gradient in light availability. The response to irradiance
Partial scram incident in FBTR
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Usha, S.; Pillai, C.P.; Muralikrishna, G.
Evaluation of a partial scram incident occurred at the Fast Breeder Test Reactor at Kalpakkam was carried out. Based on the observations of the experiments it was ascertained that the nonpersistant order was due to superimposed noise component on the channel that was close to the threshold and had resulted in intermittent supply to electro-magnetic (EM) coils. Owing to a larger discharge time and a smaller charge time, the EM coils got progressively discharged. It was confirmed that during the incident, partial scram took place since the charging and discharging patterns of the EM coils are dissimilar and EM coils of rods A, E and F had discharged faster than others for noise component of a particular duty cycle. However, nonlatching of scram order was because of the fact that noise pulse duration was less than latching time. (author)
Dissociative Tendencies and Traffic Incidents
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Valle, Virginia
Full Text Available This paper analyses the relationship between dissociative experiences and road traffic incidents (crashes and traffic tickets in drivers (n=295 from Mar del Plata (Argentina city. A self-report questionnaire was applied to assess traffic crash involvement and sociodemographic variables. Dissociative tendencies were assessed by a modified version of the DES scale. To examine differences in DES scores tests of the difference of means were applied. Drivers who reported to be previously involved in traffic incidents obtained higher puntuations in the dissociative experiences scale than drivers who did not report such events. This result is observed for the total scale and for the three sub-scales (absorption, amnesia and depersonalization. However, differences appeared mainly for minor damage collisions. Further studies are needed to evaluate the role of dissociative tendencies as a risk factor in road traffic safety.
[The course of zonular fibers in the area of pars plicata corporis cilaris pars plana, ora serrata and retina. Eectron microsocpic study].
Roll, P; Reich, M E; Hofmann, H
The course of zonular fibers in the area of pars plicata corporis ciliaris could be shown down to the pigmented epithelial layer and its basement membrane. S ingle fibrils enter in a connection with the plasma membrane in allinvestigated parts. Fibrils could be observed in the cytoplasm of the ora serrata. For the other areas (pars plicata corporis ciliaris, parsplana) this can be suggested too.
Scattering of electromagnetic waves by an non-uniform cylindrical plasma; Diffusion coherente d'une onde electromagnetique par un cylindre de plasma inhomogene
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Faugeras, P.E. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Fontenay-aux-Roses (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires. Groupe de recherches sur la fusion controlee
The problem of the scattering of plane electromagnetic waves from a non-uniform, cylindrically symmetrical plasma is solved analytically, by a self-consistent field method, for a wave with the electric field parallel to the cylinder axis. Numerical results for the diffracted field are plotted for interesting ranges of the parameters involved: diameter, density on the axis, radial profile of the density, and collision frequencies. The case where the incident field is cylindric (waves surfaces parallel to the cylinder axis) is examined - this permits to connect theoretical calculations and experimental diffraction patterns, and also to explain the diffraction effects observed in a classical microwave interferometry experiment. These results, and the possibility of measuring exactly the diffracted field (showed by experiments with dielectric and metallic rods) lead to a new plasma diagnostic method, based on the diffraction, which has no theoretical limitations and it usable when the classical free-space wave methods are not (plasma diameter lower than 10 wave lengths). The feasibility of this method is tested with a plasma at atmospheric pressure and a 2 mm incident wavelength. The plasma is obtained by the laminar flow of a plasma torch, with a working gas (He or Ar) seeded by potassium (density continuously variable between 10{sup 11} and 10{sup 15} e/cm{sup 3}. Some diffraction patterns by this plasma and for various incident waves, are also given and explained with theoretical calculations. (author) [French] On etudie la diffusion coherente d'une onde electromagnetique par un cylindre de plasma inhomogene par une methode de champ self-consistant, et pour une onde de vecteur electrique parallele a l'axe du cylindre. On a calcule le champ diffracte en faisant varier le diametre du cylindre, la densite sur l'axe, le profil de densite et les frequences de collisions, et on donne ici les principaux resultats. On examine ensuite le cas d'une onde
Incidents malignant neoplasias maxillofacial area.
Goiato, Marcelo Coelho; Haddad, Marcela Filié; dos Santos, Daniela Micheline; Pesqueira, Aldiéres Alves; Filho, Humberto Gennari; Pellizzer, Eduardo Piza
Cancer is regarded as abnormal cellular multiplication; it is not controlled by the organism, and its cells present a differentiated DNA. Initially, the disease does not show clinical signs, but it can be diagnosed by laboratory examinations. When tumors are present in the maxillofacial area, the carrier can lose structures in this area, resulting to the carrier's social environment exclusion. This article aims to show incidences and causes of malignant neoplasias in the maxillofacial area.
[Familial incidence of Crohn disease].
Bürger, L; Karoff, C; Wagner, H
This study reports about the frequent incidence of Crohn's disease in four families. This evidence in confirmed by literature. Relatives of patients with Crohn's disease are ten times more likely to suffer from that disease than those of healthy families. Familial accumulation of Crohn's disease can possibly be explained by genetic factors. Other factors like autoimmunological processes, infections, overnutrition and deficient composition of alimentation with refined carbohydrates might start Crohn's diseases in these families.
Incidence of respiratory distress syndrome
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Ghafoor, T.; Mahmud, S.; Ali, S.; Dogar, S.A.
Objective: To determine the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in hospital born babies. Subjects and Methods: All live born infants delivered at the hospital and who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) were included in the study. Results: Ninety-four neonates developed RDS. Out of these, 88 (93.61%) were preterm and 06 (6.38%) were term infants. There was a male preponderance (65.95%). RDS was documented in 1.72% of total live births. 37.28% of preterm and 0.11% of term neonates born at the hospital. The incidence of RDS was 100% at 26 or less weeks of gestation, 57.14% at 32 weeks, and 3.70% at 36 weeks. The mortality with RDS was 41 (43.61%). Conclusion: RDS is the commonest cause of respiratory distress in the newborn, particularly, in preterm infants. It carries a high mortality rate and the incidence is more than that documented in the Western world. (author)
[Skin cancer incidence in Zacatecas].
Pinedo-Vega, José Luis; Castañeda-López, Rosalba; Dávila-Rangel, J Ignacio; Mireles-García, Fernando; Ríos-Martínez, Carlos; López-Saucedo, Adrián
Skin cancer is the most frequent cancer related to ultraviolet radiation. The aim was to estimate the incidence of skin cancer type, melanoma and non-melanoma in Zacatecas, Mexico. An epidemiological study was carried out during the period from 2008 to 2012. The data were obtained from the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Secretaría de Salud de Zacatecas (SSZ) and a private source, the Centro Médico Alameda. The incidence and the global prevalence were estimated. We studied 958 skin cancer cases, histopathologically confirmed. The cases were distributed as: 63.6 % basal cell carcinomas, 25.8 % squamous cell carcinomas, and 10.6 % melanoma. Significantly higher proportions were observed in women in the basal cell carcinomas (60.4 %) and squamous cell carcinomas (53.4 %). However, in the case of melanoma, the major proportion was observed in men (55.9 %). The more frequent skin cancer location was the face and for basal cell carcinoma was the nose (53 %); for squamous cell carcinomas were the lips (36 %), and for melanoma it was also the nose (40 %). The skin cancer incidence was estimated in 20 cases for each 100 000 inhabitants. Linear regression analysis showed that the skin cancer is increasing at an annual rate of 10.5 %. The anatomical location indicates that solar UV radiation is a risk factor, since the face is the zone with major exposure to solar radiation.
Assessment and the feasibility of improving the artificial lighting system in technical services workshop located in the Fourth South Pars Gas Refinery
masoud shafiee motlagh; Mohsen Aliabadi; Reza Shahidi; Amin Kahani
Background & Objectives: Desirable and ergonomic lighting in the workplaces has a significant impact on the visual effects and improve the efficiency and productivity of employees. This study aims to evaluate the lighting system and feasibility of improving the artificial lighting system for comfort lighting in the workshop of the Fourth South Pars Gas Refinery. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, the environmental conditions of the studied workshop were evaluated and the illum...
Prostate cancer incidence in Australia correlates inversely with solar radiation.
Loke, Tim W; Seyfi, Doruk; Sevfi, Doruk; Khadra, Mohamed
What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Increased sun exposure and blood levels of vitamin D have been postulated to be protective against prostate cancer. This is controversial. We investigated the relationship between prostate cancer incidence and solar radiation in non-urban Australia, and found a lower incidence in regions receiving more sunlight. In landmark ecological studies, prostate cancer mortality rates have been shown to be inversely related to ultraviolet radiation exposure. Investigators have hypothesised that ultraviolet radiation acts by increasing production of vitamin D, which inhibits prostate cancer cells in vitro. However, analyses of serum levels of vitamin D in men with prostate cancer have failed to support this hypothesis. This study has found an inverse correlation between solar radiation and prostate cancer incidence in Australia. Our population (previously unstudied) represents the third group to exhibit this correlation. Significantly, the demographics and climate of Australia differ markedly from those of previous studies conducted on men in the United Kingdom and the United States. • To ascertain if prostate cancer incidence rates correlate with solar radiation among non-urban populations of men in Australia. • Local government areas from each state and territory were selected using explicit criteria. Urban areas were excluded from analysis. • For each local government area, prostate cancer incidence rates and averaged long-term solar radiation were obtained. • The strength of the association between prostate cancer incidence and solar radiation was determined. • Among 70 local government areas of Australia, age-standardized prostate cancer incidence rates for the period 1998-2007 correlated inversely with daily solar radiation averaged over the last two decades. • There exists an association between less solar radiation and higher prostate cancer incidence in Australia. © 2011 THE AUTHORS. BJU
Effect of pre-drying and par-frying conditions on the crispness of French fries
Loon, W.A.M.; Visser, J.E.; Linssen, J.P.H.; Somsen, D.J.; Klok, H.J.; Voragen, A.G.J.
An experimental design was used to study the effect of pre-drying (to 10, 15 and 20% weight loss) and par-frying conditions (160, 170 and 180 °C) on the crispness of French fries. Par-frying time was adjusted with a software program to obtain equal moisture content and internal texture for all
Human bronchial epithelial cells express PAR-2 with different sensitivity to thermolysin.
Ubl, Joachim J; Grishina, Zoryana V; Sukhomlin, Tatiana K; Welte, Tobias; Sedehizade, Fariba; Reiser, Georg
Protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) plays a role in inflammatory reactions in airway physiology. Proteases cleaving the extracellular NH(2) terminus of receptors activate or inactivate PAR, thus possessing a therapeutic potential. Using RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry, we show PAR-2 in human airway epithelial cell lines human bronchial epithelial (HBE) and A549. Functional expression of PAR-2 was confirmed by Ca(2+) imaging studies using the receptor agonist protease trypsin. The effect was abolished by soybean trypsin inhibitor and mimicked by the specific PAR-2 peptide agonist SLIGKV. Amplitude and duration of PAR-2-elicited Ca(2+) response in HBE and A549 cells depend on concentration and time of agonist superfusion. The response is partially pertussis toxin (PTX) insensitive, abolished by the phospholipase C inhibitor U-73122, and diminished by the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor antagonist 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate. Cathepsin G altered neither the resting Ca(2+) level nor PAR-2-elicited Ca(2+) response. Thermolysin, a prototypic bacterial metalloprotease, induced a dose-dependent Ca(2+) response in HBE, but not A549, cells. In both cell lines, thermolysin abolished the response to a subsequent trypsin challenge but not to SLIGKV. Thus different epithelial cell types express different PAR-2 with identical responses to physiological stimuli (trypsin, SLIGKV) but different sensitivity to modifying proteases, such as thermolysin.
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) as a promising new imaging target
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Persson, Morten; Kjaer, Andreas
modalities such as optical imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, single photon emission computer tomography (SPECT) and positron emission topography (PET). In this review, we will discuss recent advances in the development of uPAR-targeted imaging ligands according to imaging modality. In addition, we...... will discuss the potential future clinical application for uPAR imaging as a new imaging biomarker....
PET imaging of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) in prostate cancer
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Skovgaard, Dorthe; Persson, Morten; Kjaer, Andreas
, which can provide the required quantitative information on the uPAR expression profile, without the need for invasive procedures and the risk of missing the target due to tumor heterogeneity. These observations support non-invasive PET imaging of uPAR in PC as a clinically relevant diagnostic...
Réduction du risque d'infection par le VIH au Botswana - essais ...
International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)
sida qui ont entraîné une diminution des taux d'infection par le VIH, ... Le projet sera piloté par le CIET Trust et la National AIDS Coordinating Agency, qui travailleront en étroite collaboration avec le ministère de la Santé et le ministère des ...
Solar PAR and UVR modify the community composition and photosynthetic activity of sea ice algae.
Enberg, Sara; Piiparinen, Jonna; Majaneva, Markus; Vähätalo, Anssi V; Autio, Riitta; Rintala, Janne-Markus
The effects of increased photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on species diversity, biomass and photosynthetic activity were studied in fast ice algal communities. The experimental set-up consisted of nine 1.44 m(2) squares with three treatments: untreated with natural snow cover (UNT), snow-free (PAR + UVR) and snow-free ice covered with a UV screen (PAR). The total algal biomass, dominated by diatoms and dinoflagellates, increased in all treatments during the experiment. However, the smaller biomass growth in the top 10-cm layer of the PAR + UVR treatment compared with the PAR treatment indicated the negative effect of UVR. Scrippsiella complex (mainly Scrippsiella hangoei, Biecheleria baltica and Gymnodinium corollarium) showed UV sensitivity in the top 5-cm layer, whereas Heterocapsa arctica ssp. frigida and green algae showed sensitivity to both PAR and UVR. The photosynthetic activity was highest in the top 5-cm layer of the PAR treatment, where the biomass of the pennate diatom Nitzschia frigida increased, indicating the UV sensitivity of this species. This study shows that UVR is one of the controlling factors of algal communities in Baltic Sea ice, and that increased availability of PAR together with UVR exclusion can cause changes in algal biomass, photosynthetic activity and community composition. © FEMS 2015. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: email@example.com.
Spectral variations of UV-A and PAR solar radiation in estuarine waters of Goa
Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)
Talaulikar, M.; Suresh, T.; Silveira, N.; Desa, E.; Matondkar, S.G.P.; Lotlikar, A.
radiation (400 to 700 nm), PAR and ultraviolet radiation in the range 350-400 nm (UV-A) are presented here. The mean PAR values at the surface were 327 W/m sup(2) and reduced to 84 W/m sup(2) at first optical depth, Z sub(90) (m) in water. The first optical...
Participatory Action Research (PAR) cum Action Research (AR) in Teacher Professional Development: A Literature Review
Morales, Marie Paz E.
This paper reviews Participatory Action Research as an approach to teacher professional development. It maps the origins of Participatory Action Research (PAR) and discusses the benefits and challenges that have been identified by other researchers in utilizing PAR approaches in conducting research. It draws ideas of combining the features of…
A Bipolar Spindle of Antiparallel ParM Filaments Drives Bacterial Plasmid Segregation
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Gayathri, P; Fujii, T; Møller-Jensen, Jakob
To ensure their stable inheritance by daughter cells during cell division, bacterial low copy-number plasmids make simple DNA segregating machines that use an elongating protein filament between sister plasmids. In the ParMRC system of Escherichia coli R1 plasmid, ParM, an actin-like protein, forms...
Narrative Identities and the Plebiscite in Pará: An Analysis of the Front Pages for O Liberal and Diário do Pará
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Alda Cristina Silva da Costa
Full Text Available On December 11, 2011, a plebiscite was held in Pará proposing to create two separatist states, Carajás and Tapajós, out of the state of Pará. The public voted against both projects. This article analyzes the narrative identities found on the front pages of O Liberal and Diário do Pará newspapers about the plebiscite in Pará. Depth Hermeneutics (DH, as proposed by Thompson (2011, was used as the methodological reference. DH emphasizes the object of analysis as a meaningful symbolic construction requiring interpretation. Narrative analysis, as proposed by Motta (2007, was the main research technique used to highlight the movement of construction of journalistic (discursive characters. The narrative identities built by the two newspapers showed that both were against the creation of the new states, but for very different reasons. The flag of Pará was the main object used to induce the idea of unity. Em 11 de dezembro de 2011, o plebiscito no Pará propôs a criação dos estados de Carajás e de Tapajós a partir da divisão do estado do Pará. O resultado da consulta pública foi negativo aos dois projetos. O artigo analisa as identidades narrativas constituídas pelas primeiras páginas dos jornais O Liberal e Diário do Pará sobre o plebiscito no Pará. Utilizou-se como referencial metodológico a Hermenêutica em Profundidade (HP, proposta por Thompson (2011. A HP evidencia o fato de que o objeto de análise é uma construção simbólica significativa, que exige uma interpretação. Como principal técnica de pesquisa, a análise narrativa, proposta por Motta (2007, com ênfase no movimento de construção de personagens jornalísticas (discursivas. As identidades narrativas construídas pelos dois jornais indicaram que ambos eram contrários à criação dos novos estados, porém por motivos divergentes. A bandeira do Pará foi o principal elemento utilizado para evocar a ideia de unidade. En 11 de diciembre de 2011, el plebiscito en
CALiPER Report 20.3: Robustness of LED PAR38 Lamps
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Poplawski, Michael E. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Royer, Michael P. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Brown, Charles C. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Three samples of 40 of the Series 20 PAR38 lamps underwent multi-stress testing, whereby samples were subjected to increasing levels of simultaneous thermal, humidity, electrical, and vibrational stress. The results do not explicitly predict expected lifetime or reliability, but they can be compared with one another, as well as with benchmark conventional products, to assess the relative robustness of the product designs. On average, the 32 LED lamp models tested were substantially more robust than the conventional benchmark lamps. As with other performance attributes, however, there was great variability in the robustness and design maturity of the LED lamps. Several LED lamp samples failed within the first one or two levels of the ten-level stress plan, while all three samples of some lamp models completed all ten levels. One potential area of improvement is design maturity, given that more than 25% of the lamp models demonstrated a difference in failure level for the three samples that was greater than or equal to the maximum for the benchmarks. At the same time, the fact that nearly 75% of the lamp models exhibited better design maturity than the benchmarks is noteworthy, given the relative stage of development for the technology.
Análise dos parâmetros cinéticos para produção de levana por Zymomonas mobilis utilizando fermentação submersa = Analysis of kinetic parameters for levan production by Zymomonas mobilis using submerged fermentation
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Fernanda Maria Pagane Guereschi Ernandes
Full Text Available A levana é um exopolissacarídeo sintetizado por vários microrganismos durante a fermentação de um meio de cultura à base de sacarose, extrato de levedura e sais minerais. Este biopolímero pode ser usado tanto na área de alimentos, como estabilizante, espessantee fixador de cor e sabor, quanto na farmacêutica, como hipocolesterolêmico e anticarcinogênico. O artigo teve como objetivo analisar a influência da temperatura e do pH, em relação a diferentes tempos de fermentação, no desenvolvimento celular e na produção de levana, por fermentação submersa. O microrganismo utilizado foi Zymomonas mobilis CCT 4494, incubado num meio de cultura quimicamente definido, acrescido de 200,0 g L-1 de sacarose. Amostras do caldo de fermentação foram recolhidas a cada 24h, durante o período de 96h, para posteriormente serem submetidas aos métodos analíticos:pH, biomassa, teores de açúcares redutores e de açúcares redutores totais e da formação de levana. Observou-se que os rendimentos obtidos de biomassa e do biopolímero sintetizado, em 24h, foram superiores àqueles obtidos em 48, 72 e 96h de fermentação.Levan is an exopolysaccharide synthesized by several microorganisms during fermentation of a culture medium containing sucrose, yeastextract and minerals. This biopolymer has applications in the food segment as stabilizers, thickeners, as carriers for flavor and fragrances, as well as in the pharmaceutical segment as ahypocholesterolemic agent and for exhibiting antitumor activity. This work aimed to analyze the kinetic parameters for levan production. The microorganism used was Zymomonas mobilis CCT 4494, incubated in a synthetic medium containing 200.0 g L-1 of sucrose, in a rotary shaker at 200 rpm and 30°C. Samples were taken every 24h, during aperiod of 96h, in order to determine variations of pH, biomass, reducing sugar, total reducing sugar and levan formation. It was observed that yields of biomass and synthesized
Effect of simvastatin and ezetimibe on suPAR levels and outcomes
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Hodges, Gethin W; Bang, Casper N; Forman, Julie L
-lowering therapy also lowers suPAR levels is unknown. METHODS: We investigated whether treatment with Simvastatin 40 mg and Ezetimibe 10 mg lowered plasma suPAR levels in 1838 patients with mild-moderate, asymptomatic aortic stenosis, included in the Simvastatin and Ezetimibe in Aortic Stenosis (SEAS) study, using...... and Ezetimibe treatment impeded the progression of the time-related increase in plasma suPAR levels. Year-1 suPAR was associated with all-cause mortality, MCE, and AVE irrespective of baseline levels (SEAS study: NCT00092677)....... cardiovascular events (MCE) composed of ischemic cardiovascular events (ICE) and aortic valve related events (AVE). RESULTS: After 4.3 years of follow-up, suPAR levels had increased by 9.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.0%-11.5%) in the placebo group, but only by 4.1% (1.9%-6.2%) in the group with lipid...
Marine renewable energies. When researchers consider the ocean as an energy source. Offshore wind power. The thermal energy of seas, a solar resource to be no longer neglected. Lipid biofuels production by micro-algae; Energies Renouvelables marines. Quand les chercheurs voient l'ocean comme source d'energie. L'eolien offshore. L'energie thermique des mers, ressource solaire a ne plus negliger. La production de biocarburant lipidiques par des microalgues
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ruer, J. [Saipen SA, 78 - Saint Quentin en Yvelines (France); Gauthier, M. [Ifremer, 92 - Issy les Moulineaux (France); Zaharia, R. [CNES, 75 - Paris (France); Cadoret, J.P. [IFREMER, Lab. de Physiologie et Biologie des Algues, 44 - Nantes (France)
In the present day context of search for renewable energy sources, it is surprising that the oceans energy, potentially enormous, is poorly taken into consideration with respect to the other renewable energy sources, while France has been a pioneer in this domain with the construction of the Rance tidal power plant in the 1960's, and still in operation today. However, the scientific community, and in particular the IFREMER institute in France, is developing R and D programs on marine energy technologies. On the other hand, the development of wind power is growing up rapidly with a worldwide installed capacity exceeding today 94000 MW and supplying 3% of the electricity consumed in Europe. The development of offshore wind farms represents today 1122 MW and should grow up very fast in the coming years. The ocean is also a huge reservoir of thermal energy which can be exploited to generate electricity and desalinated water. Finally, the cultivation of micro-algae for the enhanced production of lipids may be a more ecological alternative to the terrestrial production of biofuels, strongly criticized today for its long term environmental impacts. (J.S.)
Measurements of gas and volatile element production rates from an irradiated molten lead and lead-bismuth spallation target with proton beams of 1 and 1.4 GeV; Mesures de taux de production d'elements gazeux et volatiles lors de reactions induites par des protons de 1 et 1,4 GeV sur des cibles epaisses de plomb et plomb-bismuth liquides
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tall, Y
The integrated project EUROTRANS (European Research Programme for the Transmutation of High Level Nuclear Waste in an Accelerator Driven System) of the 6. EURATOM Framework Programme aims to demonstrate the transmutation of radioactive waste in ADS (Accelerator Driven Sub-critical system). It will carry out a first advanced design of an experimental facility to demonstrate the technical feasibility of transmutation, and will produce a conceptual design of an industrial facility dedicated to transmutation. An ADS consists of three fundamental elements: the accelerator of protons, the sub-critical core and the spallation target. SUBATECH (physique Sub-Atomique et des Technologies associees) laboratory is involved to the study of the chosen liquid lead-bismuth as a spallation ADS target. The irradiation of liquid lead-bismuth target with energetic proton beam generates in addition to neutrons, volatile and radioactive residues. In order to determine experimentally the production rates of gas and volatile elements following a spallation reaction in a lead-bismuth target, the experiment IS419 was performed at the ISOLDE facility at CERN (Centre Europeen de la Recherche Nucleaire). This experiment constitutes the frame of the thesis whose main objective is to assess and study the production and release rates of many gas and volatile element from the irradiated lead-bismuth target with an energetic proton beam. The obtained data are compared to Monte Carlo simulation code (MCNPX) results in order to test the intranuclear cascade model of Bertini and of Cugnon, and the evaporation options of Dresner and Schmidt. (author)
par genes in Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium smegmatis are arranged in an operon transcribed from "SigGC" promoters
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Casart Yveth
Full Text Available Abstract Background The ParA/Soj and ParB/Spo0J proteins, and the cis-acting parS site, participate actively in chromosome segregation and cell cycle progression. Genes homologous to parA and parB, and two putative parS copies, have been identified in the Mycobacterium bovis BCG and Mycobacterium smegmatis chromosomes. As in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the parA and parB genes in these two non-pathogenic mycobacteria are located near the chromosomal origin of replication. The present work focused on the determination of the transcriptional organisation of the ~6 Kb orf60K-parB region of M. bovis BCG and M. smegmatis by primer extension, transcriptional fusions to the green fluorescence protein (GFP and quantitative RT-PCR. Results The parAB genes were arranged in an operon. However, we also found promoters upstream of each one of these genes. Seven putative promoter sequences were identified in the orf60K-parB region of M. bovis BCG, whilst four were identified in the homologous region of M. smegmatis, one upstream of each open reading frame (ORF. Real-time PCR assays showed that in M. smegmatis, mRNA-parA and mRNA-parB levels decreased between the exponential and stationary phases. In M. bovis BCG, mRNA-parA levels also decreased between the exponential and stationary phases. However, parB expression was higher than parA expression and remained almost unchanged along the growth curve. Conclusion The majority of the proposed promoter regions had features characteristic of Mycobacterium promoters previously denoted as Group D. The -10 hexamer of a strong E. coli σ70-like promoter, located upstream of gidB of M. bovis BCG, overlapped with a putative parS sequence, suggesting that the transcription from this promoter might be regulated by the binding of ParB to parS.
Produção de geléia de jambolão (Syzygium cumini Lamarck: processamento, parâmetros físico - químicos e avaliação sensorial Production of jambolan (Syzygium cumini Lamarck jelly: processing, physical-chemical properties and sensory evaluation
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Ellen Silva Lago
Full Text Available A fruta jambolão (Syzygium cumini Lamarck é uma fruta de coloração roxa intensa e sabor agradável. Dado que não há na literatura nenhum relato de seu aproveitamento industrial, a produção de geléia de jambolão tornou-se uma interessante atividade de pesquisa. Este trabalho objetivou a elaboração e a avaliação das características físico-químicas e sensoriais da geléia obtida do jambolão. A fruta apresentou a seguinte composição química: cinzas, 0,34%; lipídeos, 0,30%; proteínas, 0,67%; carboidratos, 10,07%; fibras, 0,28%; umidade, 87,75%; frutose, 0,4%; glicose, 0,6%; antocianinas totais, 0,276%; substâncias pécticas, 0,245%; acidez titulável, 5,91%; sólidos solúveis, 9,00%; e pH, 3,9. A geléia obtida apresentou a seguinte composição: açúcares redutores, 20,99%; não-redutores, 18,01%; açúcares totais, 39,00%; pH, 3,42; sólidos solúveis, 67ºBrix; acidez titulável, 5,47%; e umidade, 29,63%. A análise sensorial foi realizada por uma equipe de 50 provadores não treinados que avaliaram os atributos cor, aparência, odor, textura, sabor e avaliação global, pelo método de escala hedônica com nove pontos. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o atributo cor foi o que mais agradou aos provadores, o atributo odor foi o menos apreciado. Em conclusão, o estudo de análise sensorial revelou uma aceitação satisfatória da geléia de jambolão.Jambolan (Syzygium cumini Lamarck is a purple colored and very tasty fruit. Since there are no reports of its industrial use, the production of this jelly has become a matter of interest for research. The purpose of this work is to develop and evaluate the physical-chemical and sensory characteristics of the jelly made of jambolan. The fruit showed the following chemical composition: ash, 0.34%; lipids, 0.30%; proteins, 0.67%; carbohydrates, 10.07%; fibers, 0.28%; moisture, 87.75%; fructose, 0.4%; glucose, 0.6%; total anthocyanins, 0.276%; pectic substances, 0.245%; acidity